Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland
Barbara Palmer , 1st Duchess of Cleveland ( – 9 October 1709 ) , more often known by her maiden name Barbara Villiers or her title of Countess of Castlemaine , was an English royal mistress of the Villiers family and perhaps the most notorious of the many mistresses of King Charles II of England , by whom she had five children , all of them acknowledged and subsequently ennobled . 
<triplet> Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland <subj> 9 October 1709 <obj> date of death