Western culture
Western culture continued to develop with the Christianisation of European society during the Middle Ages , the reforms triggered by the Renaissance of the 12th century and 13th century under the influence of the Islamic world via Al-Andalus and Sicily ( including the transfer of technology from the East , and Latin translations of Arabic texts on science and philosophy ) , and the Italian Renaissance as Greek scholars fleeing the fall of the Byzantine Empire after the Muslim conquest of Constantinople brought classical traditions and philosophy . 
<triplet> Muslim conquest of Constantinople <subj> Byzantine Empire <obj> country