Section: 5.5.3.5 Fixed network operators and other service providers
Content: The settlement of accounts with the operators of fixed networks for traffic carried, is generally performed on a bulk basis according to the principles outlined in the ITU-T D-series recommendations. The traffic accounted for in this manner may include: - outgoing ( to Land) traffic; - incoming (Land to ) traffic; - transit traffic, carried by intermediate networks; - signalling (MAP/SCCP, CAP/SCCP) traffic such as location updates. Accounting information may also be required for the use of services provided by other operators such as short message service centres and other Value Added Service (VAS) providers. The charges for the various traffic shares may be determined on the basis of the CDRs generated by the network elements or on the basis of bulk counters (accounting meter records) in the gateway MSC servers (GMSC servers). For the purpose of the present document, the management information required is assumed to be derived from CDRs. The management of accounting meters is outside the scope of the present document.