Section: 16.4 Public Warning System
Content: NR connected to 5GC provides support for public warning systems (PWS) through means of system information broadcast capability. NR is responsible for scheduling and broadcasting of the warning messages as well as for paging the UE to provide indication that the warning message is being broadcast: - Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System: ETWS is a public warning system developed to meet the regulatory requirements for warning notifications related to earthquake and/or tsunami events (see TS 22.168[ Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System (ETWS) requirements; Stage 1 ]  [14]). ETWS warning notifications can either be a primary notification (short notification) or secondary notification (providing detailed information). - Commercial Mobile Alert System: CMAS is a public warning system developed for the delivery of multiple, concurrent warning notifications (see TS 22.268[ Public Warning System (PWS) requirements ]  [15]). Different SIBs are defined for ETWS primary notification, ETWS secondary notification and CMAS notification. Paging is used to inform UEs about ETWS indication and CMAS indication (see clause 9.2.5). UE monitors ETWS/CMAS indication in its own paging occasion for RRC_IDLE and for RRC_INACTIVE while no SDT procedure (see clause 18.0) is ongoing. UE monitors ETWS/CMAS indication in any paging occasion for RRC Connected and during the SDT procedure in RRC_INACTIVE. Paging indicating ETWS/CMAS notification triggers acquisition of system information (without delaying until the next modification period). Enhancements of public warning system (ePWS) enable broadcast of language-independent content and notifications to UEs with no user interface or with a user interface that is incapable of displaying text, see clause 9 in TS 22.268[ Public Warning System (PWS) requirements ]  [15] and TS 23.041[ Technical realization of Cell Broadcast Service (CBS) ]  [54]. ETWS/CMAS notifications with ePWS functionality use the same AS mechanisms as ETWS/CMAS. KPAS and EU-Alert are public warning systems developed for the delivery of multiple, concurrent warning notifications (see TS 22.268[ Public Warning System (PWS) requirements ]  [15]). KPAS and EU-Alert uses the same AS mechanisms as CMAS. Therefore, the NR procedures defined for CMAS equally apply for KPAS and EU-Alert.