name: LTCC
full_form: Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic
context: The filter characteristics and needed guard for state-of-the art LTCC technology and PCB integrated filter providing Q value around 200 and 120 respectively at 20 GHz is further investigated in this annex. It should be noted that LTCC is more difficult to integrate than PCB integrated filters. Manufacturing tolerances and temperature drift will have a significant impact on performance and must be accounted for by addition of a sufficient design margin. It is assumed that individual tuning of filters, which is done in many applications, is not feasible for array antennas operating at 20 GHz due to the large amount, small size, and compact integration into an array without test ports. A frequency tolerance around 250 MHz is assumed (i.e. the frequency at which a filter provides the desired suppression can differ from a nominal value by maximum 250 MHz), which represents what is achievable for state-of-the-art LTCC filters. PCB integrated filters will generally need to allow for a worse
description: Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) technology involves a ceramic material and manufacturing process used to create electronic components like filters at lower temperatures. In 3GPP specifications, LTCC is crucial for filter design and integration, especially in high-frequency array antennas.
explanation: The text describes LTCC as a specific technology used in filter manufacturing within the context of 3GPP standards. Its application in electronic component production and its impact on performance solidify its classification as a technology.
section_title: A.1.1General
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