name: QPSK
full_form: Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
context: The block of bits shall be scrambled according to clause 5.4.2B. The block of scrambled bits shall be QPSK modulated as described in Clause 7.1, resulting in a block of complex-valued modulation symbols where . The block of complex-valued symbols is divided into (defined in Table 5.4A.4.1-1) sets, each corresponding to one SC-FDMA symbol. Transform precoding shall be applied according to clause 5.4.2B replacing with and replacing with . The variable, where represents the bandwidth of the SPUCCH format 4 in terms of resource blocks in the frequency domain, and is determined by higher layer signalling (n4numberOfPRB-r15, see TS 36.213[ Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures ]  [4, Table 10.1.1-2] and TS 36.331[ Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC); Protocol specification ]  [9]), and shall fulfil , where, is a set of non-negative integers. Table 5.4A.4.1-1: The quantity .
description: Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) is a modulation technique used in telecommunications to transmit data over radio waves or cables. In the context of Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN), QPSK is utilized for modulating scrambled bits into complex-valued symbols, which are then processed through transform precoding and Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol generation. This process enables efficient transmission of data within the specified bandwidth, determined by higher layer signaling.
explanation: QPSK is classified under Technology because it refers to a specific method or technique used in telecommunications for data modulation and transmission, aligning with the context provided from relevant 3GPP specifications.
section_title: 5.4A.4.1 Slot-SPUCCH
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