name: GMSC
full_form: Gateway MSC
context: Figure B.4 illustrates an incoming call from a fixed network subscriber "A" to a PLMN subscriber "B" who is currently roaming in another PLMN. The call is first routed to a GMSC (1) and the GMSC shall create an incoming gateway record for accounting purposes as described in subclause B.4.2. The GMSC interrogates the HLR of the called subscriber in order to determine his current location (2). The HLR shall create an Interrogation event record. The GMSC routes the call to the VPLMN in which subscriber "B" is currently located (3). The GMSC shall create an outgoing gateway record for accounting purposes. The GMSC shall also create a roaming record. This record includes the IMSI of the "B" subscriber and may be used as a cross-check for the TAP information received from the VPLMN. The call is then routed by the VPLMN to the MSC at which the subscriber is currently located (4). The GMSC of the VPLMN shall produce an incoming gateway record and the terminating MSC shall create an MTC record
description: The Gateway Mobile Switching Center (GMSC) is a critical network function responsible for routing calls to roaming subscribers. It acts as an entry point for incoming calls, interrogates the Home Location Register (HLR) for subscriber location information, and routes calls to the visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN). The GMSC also generates various records for accounting purposes, including incoming gateway records, outgoing gateway records, and roaming records.
explanation: The text describes the GMSC's role in call routing for roaming subscribers, its interaction with other network elements like HLR and VPLMN, and its function in generating accounting records. These characteristics align with the definition of a Network Function.
section_title: B.4.4Incoming call to a roaming subscriber
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