name: DMO
full_form: Direct Mode Operation
context: a) Impersonation of individual user. Adversary masquerades as a valid MCPTT DMO user, advertising himself to other DMO users for purposes of fraud, misdirection, etc. b) Impersonation of network equipment. Adversary uses unauthorized equipment that produces over the air signalling which mimics on-network signalling and draws MCPTT UEs away from DMO. c) Impersonation of relay equipment. Adversary impersonates a valid on-network or off-network relay equipment for the purpose of intercepting or misdirecting user communications. d) Man in the middle attack. An attacker inserts himself between two off-network MCPTT UEs to intercept DMO transmissions and obtaining information, generating false calls, denying service, or modifying the security of the DMO service, e.g. force the user to negotiate a lower security level. e) Misuse of client terminal. A client terminal is stolen (which may still be logged on to the service), or illegally loaned, and used to receive or generate DMO communications
description: Direct Mode Operation (DMO) refers to a specific operational mode in MCPTT (Mission Critical Push To Talk) services where user equipment (UEs) communicate directly with each other without relying on the network infrastructure. This mode is used for off-network communications, enabling users to maintain connectivity even when out of coverage or during network failures.
explanation: The context describes DMO as a specific operational mode within MCPTT, emphasizing its function in facilitating direct communication between user devices independent of the network.
section_title: 6.16.2	Security threats
biotag_Context: O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,B-Service,B-Mode,O,O,O,O,O,B-Mode,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,B-Service,B-Device,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,B-Service,B-Device,O,O,B-Mode,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,B-Mode,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,B-Mode,O
biotag_Description: B-Mode,I-Mode,I-Mode,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,B-Service,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O,O