name: MANO
full_form: Management and Orchestration
context: Both legacy and virtualised networks make extensive use of management APIs to manage NFs. These management APIs allow access to privacy and security sensitive information. APIs exist at all layers of network including the 3GPP application layer (e.g. those with SBA), MANO systems and underlying NFV infrastructure (e.g. server management APIs supported by the server hardware). Management APIs provide a range of security critical NF management capabilities including basic configuration of NFs, policy management, audit and license management. Specific to this key issue, MANO systems provide a set of APIs (e.g. those standardized by ETSI ISG NFV SOL) which allow standardized subscription to a range of information, metrics and points of control for NFs or MANO itself. Many of these APIs and access credentials can be shared across multiple NFs, and as MANO is not specifically aware of the VNF purpose at the 3GPP layer, can span slice or other 3GPP security domain boundaries. Furthermore,
description: Management and Orchestration (MANO) systems are responsible for managing and orchestrating Network Functions (NFs) in a telecommunications network. They provide a set of APIs that allow standardized subscription to information, metrics, and points of control for NFs or MANO itself.
explanation: The context explicitly states that MANO systems manage and orchestrate other Network Functions (NFs), placing it within the category of Network Functions.
section_title: 5.29.1	Key issue detail
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