IV ibuprofen (trade name Caldolor) is a novel therapeutic modality approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in June 2009 for the treatment of mild to moderate pain, as an adjunct to opioid analgesics, and for the reduction of fever. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which produces its effect through inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX). There are at least 2 variations of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) and ibuprofen non-selectively inhibits both, thus decreasing prostaglandin synthesis. This action gives ibuprofen its analgesic, anti-pyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties. NSAIDs have an established history of efficacy in the treatment of both acute and chronic somatic pain. Caldolor, being an intravenous formulation, offers a distinct advantage in patients who either are unable to take medications orally or are fasting preoperatively.