Aimed to compare the success in the peripheral intravenous puncture (PIP), progression and placement of PICC in children, according to the use of Doppler vascular ultrasound (DVUS) or traditional method; to identify the influence of the DUVS in the time expended to PICC placement. Methods: Clinical, randomized and controlled trial conducted after ethical merits of research endorsement and the obtaining of consent for those responsible for the children. The sample, calculated in 42 PICC to obtain a power of 0,85, was distributed randomly into two groups, experimental group (EG) and controlled group (CG). To the statistical analyzes Pearson Chi-square, Fisher's Exact Tests, Generalization of Fischer's Exact and Mann-Whitney tests was applied (5%). Of the 42 catheters, 21 (50.0%) were implemented in EG and 21 (50.0%) in CG. The PIP was obtained in the first attempt in 90.5% of the punctures of the EG and in 47.6% of the GC, (p=0.003). PICC were implanted successfully in 18 (85.7%) children of GE and 11 (61.1%) of CG (p = 0.019). The median of the time spent to the procedure was significantly higher (p=0.001) in CG (50 minutes) when compared to EG (median 20 minutes).