The ozone therapy has emerged as an option or additional treatment for these patients, mostly in Europe. Despite of its wide use to treat a variety of conditions, ozone therapy is still unknown to most physicians. Ozone (O3) is an allotropic form of oxygen, primarily known for its ecological properties, industrial applications, but also by its therapeutic effects. Some questions persist concerning its potential toxicity as an oxidant agent versus the reported clinical efficacy. Several mechanisms of action have been proposed to explain the efficacy of the ozone therapy: analgesic, anti-inflammatory and oxidant action on proteoglycan (e.g. in the nucleus pulpous). Ozone is administered in the form of an oxygen-ozone gas mixture at nontoxic concentrations varying from 1 to 40 µg of ozone per milliliter of oxygen by various percutaneous methods for treatment of low back pain. However, still no well-designed studies that allow conclusions about the safety and efficacy of ozone in the treatment of low back pain.