A community advisory board (CAB) and a Data Safety and Monitoring Board (DSMB) will be set up. The CAB will meet monthly and on an as needed basis. It will inform study staff of any concerns that the community may have related to the study, so that the study staff can respond in a timely manner. The CAB members will be close to the community and will be able to respond to community concerns by calling meetings to address issues in a timely manner. The DSMB will be set up to ensure that the rights of the study participants are safeguarded in a transparent fashion, and to monitor their safety by scrutinizing any adverse events. The DSMB will also help to respond to concerns raised by the CAB. The DSMB will include an ethicist, a human rights lawyer, representatives from University of Manitoba, WHO and UNAIDS, representatives from the global network of sex workers, and a statistician. In addition, ongoing qualitative research and monitoring by research staff, as well as outreach by peer educators, will attempt to identify any community resistance, rumours or actual harms, and respond in an appropriate manner.