Approximately 30 to 40% of diffuse large B cell lymphomas are localized at diagnosis (stage I-II). Until the seventies, radiotherapy was used as the single modality to treat these localized stages but no more than half of the patients were cured. From the eighties, anthracycline-based regimens combined or not with radiotherapy gave superior results in term of relapse free survival compared with radiotherapy alone. Later on Miller et al. published a randomized study showing that 3 cycles of CHOP combined with radiotherapy gave superior results in term of overall survival as compared with 8 cycles of CHOP. This study was recently updated with a follow up of more than 8 years and shows no more difference between the two arms, due to an excess of late mortality after the combined treatment.