Patients undergo a Pap smear followed by a ThinPrep cervical cell specimen collection at the time of direct colposcopic examination. Patients then undergo a cone biopsy of the cervix using loop electrosurgical excision procedure with an endocervical curettage, an excisional cone biopsy of the cervix with or without endocervical curettage, or a hysterectomy. Patients who are perimenopausal or postmenopausal or have a negative cervical cone biopsy also undergo endometrial biopsy or curettage. The Pap smear specimen is analyzed to determine MN antigen expression and the ThinPrep specimen is analyzed for the presence of high-risk human papilloma virus and to determine MN antigen and other marker (e.g., P16) expression.