Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) will be defined as new (or worsening if already present) chest x-ray infiltrate and at least 2 of the following 3 findings: worsening of respiratory secretions (to purulent or muco-purulent), leucocytosis or leucopenia (>11000/μL or <4000/μL respectively), and fever or hypothermia (>38 degrees Celcius or <36 degrees Celcius respectively). VAP diagnosis will require at least 48 hours of postresuscitation endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. VAP will be confirmed by a positive tracheobronchial aspirate sample with ≥1000000 Colony Forming Units (CFUs)/μL] and / or a concurrent blood culture positive for the same pathogen.