Patients were randomized to a control arm or to one of three treatment arms, including a lipid modification arm, an antioxidant arm, and an antithrombotic arm. Patients in the lipid modification arm were randomized to placebo or treated with nicotinic acid to increase HDL while lowering LDL levels equally with the hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor pravastatin as needed in the intervention and control groups. Patients in the antioxidant arm were assigned to daily doses of 24 mg. of beta-carotene, 800 IU of vitamin E, and 1.0 g of vitamin C or to placebo. Patients in the antithrombotic arm received 2 mg/day of active or placebo warfarin taken daily until the fifth follow-up visit. Patients were followed every six weeks after entry for one year of follow-up. The primary endpoint of the study was the efficacy and safety of HDL-C raising along with effective control of LDL-C levels, antioxidant therapy, antithrombotic therapy, and their combinations. The secondary endpoints were to determine the efficacy of the HDL-C raising arm to achieve an increase in HDL-C in the treatment group while also obtaining equivalent reductions in LDL-C in the treatment and control groups, to assess the dose-response of niacin on HDL-C raising, to determine if the combination of low-dose warfarin plus aspirin versus aspirin alone had the expected impact on the hemostatic system, to determine if combination antioxidant therapy (vitamins E and C and beta carotene) led to changes in biomarkers for antioxidants, and to determine the interaction of the lipid altering strategy with antioxidants for effects on biomarkers for antioxidants. Screening began August 1, 1993, randomization began December 1, 1993 and ended December 31, 1994 with a total of 468 patients enrolled. Support for the trial ended in September 1995. Data analysis continues through March 31, 1999 under contract N01HC35124.