- Presence of an active acute or chronic infection, including symptomatic urinary tract infection, HIV (as determined by ELISA and confirmed by Western Blot), viral hepatitis (as determined by HBsAg and Hepatitis C serology) and surgical site infection following nephrectomy. Any postoperative complication rendering experimental therapy unduly hazardous i.e. deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism will exclude eligibility from study.