- known, history of, or suspected gastrointenstinal disease, including bowel perforation, obstruction, fecal impaction; irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), delayed gastric emptying, gastroparesis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gastritis or peptic ulcer disease (PUD), dehydration, inflammatory bowel disease, bowel resection, anal fistulas/fissures, colostomy, etc.