Considerable progress has been made during the last decade in the development of new generation oral vaccines against cholera. Dukoral , a killed whole cell V. cholerae O1 with recombinant B-subunit (rBS-WC), was the first to be licensed internationally and has been available mostly in developed countries as a traveller's vaccine. This vaccine is licensed in over 50 countries, including Bangladesh. The WHO now recommends Dukoral for both endemic and epidemic cholera. However, two disadvantages limit the broader use of Dukoral. First, its current price is high. Second, Dukoral needs to be administered with a buffer, which complicates large scale deployment.