Summary of Current Risk - Potential Benefit Assessment based on Study Results: This study was able to demonstrate that the TTM is an appropriate model to promote multiple behavior change in Veterans. Furthermore, the addition of tailored text messages increased the effect of the smoking cessation intervention (CTI) and improved quit rates in the Tx-plus group to levels that are unprecedented in the literature. Additionally, individuals who were at risk for other health behaviors progressed to A or M without intervention. For Veterans who are not ready for in-person psychotherapy, have practical issues attending therapy sessions, or fear stigma associated with seeking mental health care, this Veteran-tailored, motivational enhancement CTI may provide unique benefits. In addition, Veterans who smoke and have comorbid behavioral risk factors may find this CTI sufficient to resolve their problems. In this sense, the adapted CTI will make evidence-based mental health care more accessible to Veterans in need without adding concerns about stigma and costs.