The subjects were instructed to maintain their usual dietary habits in addition to drinking VAAM® (two cans every day) for 10 weeks. In detail, on the 6 days/week of supervised running tests, participants were instructed to consume one drink before their warm-up exercise and the other drink while running. During their sessions and without supervision (1 day/week), participants were also instructed to consume one drink in the morning after breakfast and the other drink in the evening after dinner.