Nosocomial infections constitute an important cause of postresuscitation mortality. We hypothesized that exposure to stress-dose steroids during and/or after CPR may be associated with reduced risk of death due to postresuscitation infectious complications. To test this hypothesis, we combined data from two prior, prospective studies of in-hospital cardiac arrest. These studies compared the combination of vasopressin, steroids, and epinephrine (VSE) to epinephrine alone, with respect to survival to hospital discharge and good functional outcome. Patients with post-resuscitation shock of the VSE groups received stress dose hydrocortisone (300 mg/day for 7 days maximum, followed by gradual taper at a rate of 100 mg / day and discontinuation on day 10). Patients with post-resuscitation shock of the control groups received saline placebo. Follow-up rates were high in both studies and the reported incidence of post-resuscitation infectious complications was similar in the VSE and control groups.