In theory, maximizing perfusion to composite tissue flaps should minimize the rate of fat necrosis. As such, many techniques have emerged in DIEP flap surgery intended to maximize perfusion. One common technique is the use of pre-operative, CT angiography (CTA) to identify the largest and most anatomically favorable perforating vessels to include in the composite tissue transferred. Though elegant in its simplicity, use of this technique has never been demonstrated to decrease the rate of fat necrosis in DIEP reconstructions. In recent years, however, another technology intended to intra-operatively evaluate tissue perfusion has emerged that may prove very beneficial in the realm of microvascular free tissue transfer- Indocyanine green angiography (IGA).