OUTLINE: This is an randomized, open label study. Patients are randomized to receive salvage chemotherapy with intravenous dexamethasone/cisplatin/cytarabine (DHAP) with or without amifostine. Patients receive cisplatin IV over 3 hours followed by cytarabine IV for 2 doses. Patients also receive dexamethasone orally or IV. Treatment repeats every 3-4 weeks for 2-6 courses. Arm I: Patients receive amifostine IV over 15 minutes prior to all courses of DHAP, as a 15 minute infusion, beginning 30 minutes prior to cisplatin administration. Arm II: Patients do not receive amifostine. On day 3 of the last DHAP course, patients receive filgrastim (G-CSF) until the last day of progenitor stem cell (PSC) mobilization. PSC transplant continues daily for 4-10 days.