Trial visits were defined as 0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 weeks from baseline. All participants were asked to record their 7-point blood glucose values in three consecutive days before each visit. Seven-point self-monitoring blood glucose includes three pre-meals, three post-meals, and bedtime blood glucose values during each day. Insulin doses were adjusted by a titration regimen according to self-monitored blood glucose. For both groups, treatment goals were as follows: fasting blood glucose of 80-120 mg/dl, postprandial glucose <160 mg/dl, A1C<7% and the before dinner blood glucose target for the NPH/Reg insulin group was 100 mg/dl, with a stepwise increase of both type of insulin depending on the pre-meal blood glucose values to achieve targets for plasma glucose (PG)as follows: +2 IU/day where 126 mg/dl < PG < 140 mg/dl, +4 IU/day where 140 mg/dl < PG < 160 mg/dl, +6 IU/day where 160 mg/dl < PG < 180 mg/dl, +8 IU/day where 180 mg/dl < PG < 200 mg/dl and +10 IU/day where PG > 200 mg/dl(Hermansen, Davies et al. 2006; Liebl, Prager et al. 2009), unless symptoms of hypoglycemia occurred. Hypoglycemia was defined as blood glucose <70 mg/dl. Severe hypoglycemia was defined as an event with symptoms consistent with hypoglycemia where the individual required the assistance of another person and was not treated with oral carbohydrate due to confusion or unconsciousness and was associated with a blood glucose level <40 mg/dl with recovery with intravenous glucose, or glucagon administration. Nocturnal hypoglycemia was defined as hypoglycemia occurred at night and which commonly known as hypoglycemia while asleep.