No proven therapy to restore ovarian function and fertility is available to patients with karyotypically normal spontaneous primary ovarian insufficiency. We know that more than one-half of these patients have primordial follicles remaining in the ovary, and these follicles can function intermittently. This protocol permitted baseline clinical evaluation of patients with primary ovarian insufficiency and ongoing observation of the natural history of the disorder. The protocol is now in the follow up and analysis phase and is not now recruiting new patients. Now a major aim of the protocol is to investigate large scale medical sequencing as a method by which to uncover mechanisms of primary ovarian insufficiency and to assist in the management of women with this condition. This will involve a community-based participatory research approach.