Renal blood vessels may be involved progressively and extensively. An early finding is arterial fibrinoid deposits. Other histologic renal findings are severe arteriolar sclerosis, glomerular atrophy and fibrosis, pseudotubular proliferation of residual glomerular epithelium, tubular atrophy and diffuse interstitial fibrosis. Preliminary studies of enzyme replacement therapy demonstrate that periodic infusions of recombinant human α-galactosidase A are safe and effective in patients with Fabry disease.