All women of reproductive age eligible for inclusion in the study will be surveyed at baseline, and again at 12, 24 and 36 months. The study hypothesis is a significant reduction in child mortality in both study arms, with a significantly larger reduction where there is proactive case detection, or Pro-CCM, by CHWs. An exhaustive survey of 22 847 women of reproductive age followed for three years will give a study which has 90% power to detect an absolute difference of 0.75% (and a relative difference of 25%) in under-five child mortality reduction between the two study arms.