The TARGIT trial started in 2003 recruited 1730 patients in the total breast irradiation arm (ITS) and 1721 patients in the partial irradiation arm (IPAS). It is a worldwide recruitment on 5 continents. It compares for the T1N0 stages after 50 years a standard treatment (tumorectomy associated with axillary node exploration and spreading irradiation: 60 Gy / 6 weeks) to per-operative radiotherapy delivering with the IntrabeamTM 50 Kv a dose of 20 Gy In 30 minutes at the surface of the tumor excision cavity. The results show, with a median follow-up of 60 months, that there are significantly more local relapses in the IPAS arm (1.3% vs 3.3%, p = 0.042) but that if RPO is performed during surgical time Not deferred) the rate of local relapse is only 2.1%. There was no difference in overall survival and mortality from intercurrent disease was lower in the RPO group. The results of F Wenz and the German teams published recently at the DEGRO German Congress show that for the 185 patients included in Mannheim in the TARGIT A trial there is no local relapse at 5 years in the arm RPO and that the G3 toxicity rate is <5%. For patients included in the TARGIT E trial (patients> 70 years) out of 273 patients treated in 20 German centers, there was 1 local relapse and no severe toxicity. (Strahl 2016). The rate of patients in Germany requiring external radiotherapy is less than 3%; Indicating a good selection of patients and appropriate treatment.