We are proposing a pilot study of gallbladder cancer (approximately 120 subjects) in Chile in 2011-2012 to assess the feasibility of conducting a planned full-scale population-based multidisciplinary gallbladder cancer study in Chile. After the completion of the pilot study, we plan to submit a concept to SAG and a proposal to TEP for review/approval of the full-scale study in 2012. It is important and timely to study gallbladder cancer in Chile because this country has the highest reported gallbladder cancer incidence and mortality in the world, with rates that are 6-10 times higher than those reported in the United States. Moreover, gallbladder cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Chilean women and the third leading cause of cancer death among Chilean men (next to stomach and lung cancer). Reasons for the very high risk of gallbladder cancer in Chile are unclear, although the high prevalence of obesity and gallstones as well as genetic susceptibility have been suggested to explain part of the high risk of gallbladder cancer in this population.