At the present time, neither measurement of anti-HBs concentrations nor booster dose(s) are recommended for low-risk children after the hepatitis B vaccine primary series given during infancy. Low-risk Alaska Native children who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccination starting at birth are now reaching adolescence, a period when the risk of HBV infection through sexual transmission or transmission by injecting drug use is more likely to occur. More information is needed to determine if protection against HBV infection among children entering adolescence is adequate or if booster dose(s) might be necessary.