Assessments and measures Assessments are carried out at baseline, and at 6 weeks, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, and 48 months follow-ups. At baseline, following variables were assessed: 1) Diagnosis of the psychotic disorder and co-morbid AXIS I disorder(s) with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders (SCID-I). In case of clinical evidence for a co-morbid AXIS II disorder, a SCID-II interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorder was applied40; 2) demographic and illness characteristics were assessed with the German version of Early Psychosis File Questionnaire (EPFQ) including age, gender, marital status, years of school education, completed professional education, employment/occupation at entry, ability of independent living, traumatic events, family history of psychiatric illness, previous suicide attempts, previous hospital admissions including involuntary admissions, insight into illness and forensic history. Duration of untreated prodrome, psychosis (DUP) and untreated illness (DUI) will be assessed with the DUP scale). Medication non-adherence was defined according to Robinson et al. as failure to take medication for 1 week or longer. This definition was chosen because stopping medication for a week clearly indicates a problem with acceptance of pharmacological treatment (as opposed of just forgetting a dose).