A new barrier to enrolling women in clinical trials is in effect: HIPAA (the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act). The positive benefit of HIPAA—protecting a person's health information from abuse—is laudable, but it comes at a cost: it will deny investigators the benefit of access to chart (medical record) review in order to gather data to answer clinical questions. In the past, investigators were allowed access to patient's charts because the hospital consent form included a clause indicating that the patient's information may be used for research.