OUTLINE: This is a randomized study. Patients present to a general practitioner where they are referred to the local chest clinic. Patients are seen by the chest physician and, if deemed eligible, are randomized between 2 diagnostic arms. Arm I (Conventional Locally Based Diagnosis): Patients undergo bronchoscopy and CT scan as appropriate, and then are discussed or referred by individual chest physicians, as is the current practice. The optimal period for diagnosis and discussion of management plans is 6 weeks. Arm II (Centralized 2 Stop Diagnosis): Patients undergo CT scan the following Monday morning. The consultant radiologist advises the most appropriate diagnostic test (e.g., bronchoscopy or percutaneous needle biopsy) to be done that same Monday. A tissue diagnosis is available Thursday morning for the multidisciplinary meeting attended by the chest physician, medical and clinical oncologists, and a surgeon, and the patient treatment plan is decided. Quality of life is assessed at baseline and at 6 weeks. Patients are followed for 2 years.