Three hypotheses were tested. The first was that rates of treatment adherence would be greater among actively infected injection drug users assisted through indigenous outreach than through conventional TB control methods practiced by the Chicago Department of Health. The second hypothesis was that rates of compliance with contact tracing, screening and treatment wouldl be greater through the COIP intervention than through the practices of the Health Department. The third was that community level rates of TB would decrease over the years of the study as a result of the intervention.