RATIONAL Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) affects more than 200,000 people in France and 1.5 million in Europe. Difficulties in the management of IBD are related to the need for invasive tests for the diagnosis of IBD (endoscopy), partly explaining the delay in diagnosis, and the inability to distinguish early colonic Crohn's disease of ulcerative colitis (UC) in 10-30% of cases.