4. Another secondary efficacy measure is the Social Functioning Scale (SFS) (Birchwood et al., 1990). This is a 74 item scale that is rated by the patient. The SFS has seven subscales: 1) social engagement/withdrawal; 2) interpersonal communication; 3) independence-performance of activities of daily living; 4) independence-competence to perform activities of daily living; 5) frequency of engagement in recreational activities; 6) frequency of participation in social activities; and 7) employment.