On exit from the consultation patients will be asked to show what treatment has been given and if a request for a malaria test has been made. Clinicians will indicate where they have a preference for a hospital slide- these patients will be excluded. Those eligible for the trial for whom a malaria test has been requested will be invited to participate in the trial. Further information about the trial will be provided, and they or their guardians will provide written informed consent (or witnessed where they cannot read). Those who consent to the trial will be assigned to RDT or hospital slide by opening an opaque sealed envelope within which will be a slip with the study allocation, generated by computer randomisation (see below, randomization)). These will be numbered, and the number will become the study number for the patient. Opening the envelope defines entering the trial. If on discovering the allocation the patient demands a different test this will be deemed a withdrawal from the trial and this outcome will be noted. Patients who withdraw will be offered standard care (see below- ethical issues).