DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder that is clinical stage T2-3a N0 M0 by cystoscopy Cystoscopy performed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) No multifocal carcinoma in situ No obstructive uropathy or palpable mass Pathologic confirmation of histology and no more than 20% positive expression of nuclear p53, as follows: On study following transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) OR At TURB performed within 6 weeks of entry as part of initial staging