This study employed simultaneously a noninvasive, bio-reactance device (i.e., noninvasive continuous CO monitoring system, NICOM) to assess cardiac hemodynamics, and a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to monitor changes in cerebral and muscular perfusion/oxygenation. We further elucidated the real-time adaption between ventilator parameter and hemodynamic ones during ventilation oscillation in patients with HF.