The range of cardiovascular manifestations is varied; it includes accelerated atherosclerosis, vascular inflammation (El-Magadmi, 2002) and ventricular dysfunction (Pieretti J, 2007). The presence of carotid atherosclerosis is a strong predictor of future cardiovascular events (Belcaro G, 1996) and as such, identification of plaque within the carotid arteries has been studied using ultrasound. Studies have also been conducted to investigate endothelial dysfunction and the relationship with SLE.