The study was part of a two grant initiative, "Evaluation of Adherence Interventions in Clinical Trials", developed by the Behavioral Medicine Branch staff and the Clinical Trials Branch staff and by members of the Clinical Applications and Prevention Advisory Committee Behavioral Medicine and Prevention Working Groups. The initiative, jointly sponsored by the NHLBI and the National Center for Nursing Research (NCNR), was released in September 1991 and awarded in September 1992.