- With the exception of tumor common to a single genetic cancer syndrome (i.e. MEN1, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 [MEN2], von Hippel-Lindau [vHL], tuberous sclerosis complex [TSC] etc), patients with evidence of more than one active malignancy are excluded; active malignancy is defined as the presence of primary, regional nodal, or distant metastatic neoplasm that has not undergone definitive therapy