Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a clinically relevant disease that is associated with cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurocognitive consequences. OSA is a very common disease; the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study found that OSA affects 2% of women and 4% of men aged 30-60. However, these data predate the obesity epidemic and use of more modern diagnostic equipment, such that more recent studies have reported prevalences of moderate to severe OSA as high as 24% in women and 49% in men.