Individuals randomized to the BI+Booster (BI-B) condition will receive the same information and referral as those in SAR. In addition, while in the ED the BI-B group will receive a manual-guided brief intervention based on motivational interviewing principles, including feedback based on screening information, the FRAMES heuristic, and development of a change plan if indicated. The brief intervention will focus primarily on the most problematic drug of abuse identified by the participant. The BI will be provided in person in the ED while the participant is still there. In addition, participants in the BI-B group will receive up to 2 phone "booster" sessions that will check to see whether they have engaged in treatment, review change plans, and seek a commitment from them (Mello, Longabaugh et al. 2008). The content of these boosters is patterned after sessions in Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET). The initial phone booster call will occur within 3 days of discharge from the ED if possible, and the second within 7 days. Booster calls will be made using a centralized, study-wide intervention booster call center.