As our nation continues to battle overweight and obesity, the prevalence of diabetes will precipitously increase, placing additional financial burden on our country. Therefore, finding ways to manage this chronic disease is essential. While self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) has been shown to be effective in improving glycemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes, the importance of encouraging individuals with type 2 diabetes to engage in SMBG for better blood glucose (BG) is still unclear. SMBG is believed to be key in the self-management of diabetes, as it can provide feedback on dietary and activity behaviors that are believed to impact on BG. The use of SMBG to adjust other behaviors that impact on BG is a self-regulatory approach to diabetes management. Self-regulation of BG is theorized to impact on self-efficacy in the management of diabetes. Through greater self-efficacy, greater compliance to diabetes self-management behaviors is achieved. Currently, no trial has examined the use of a self-regulation approach using current dietary and physical activity recommendations for individuals with type 2 diabetes who are not on insulin.