Language impairments in children with symptomatic HIV infection are associated with the direct effects of HIV on the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, expressive language is more vulnerable to the effects of HIV compared to receptive language (Wolters, et al., 1995). Several factors, however, are likely to be involved in producing the expressive language impairments observed in the HIV-infected pediatric population. Oral candidiasis (thrush), a fungal infection in the oral cavity that frequently appears in HIV-infected children (Walsh, 1994), also may contribute to speech and language deficits depending on the severity of the thrush. Feeding skills and self-concept may be negatively affected by oral thrush as well.