Recently attention has been focused on potential therapeutic roles for endogenous brain proteins possessing neuroprotective properties. This neuroprotective approach of using erythropoietin (EPO) is aimed at protecting potentially viable brain tissue from apoptosis [Ehrenreich 2002]. EPO, a 34-kDa hydrophobic sialoglycoprotein, is responsible for the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of committed erythroid progenitor cells. It is produced by foetal liver and adult kidney, which is accelerated during hypoxia [Lacombe 1999]. Because there is no pre-formed EPO storage, therefore, the control of EPO gene transcription involves complex interactions with hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a transcription factor which is activated during hypoxia, hypoglycaemia, and seizures [Lacombe 1999].