We have obtained duplicate blood collections, made one week apart, for all cohorts at each of the three measurement periods. We have also collected duplicate dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans at each time period to follow changes in axial and appendicular BMD and total and regional soft tissue body composition as a result of the intervention. We collected extensive dietary intake records during the first year of intervention; we will monitor dietary intake in a 2-year followup using food frequency questionnaires. We will also measure followup BMD, soft tissue, and lean and fat body composition for 2 years in all women who complete the first-year intervention program.