Microcirculation variables derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE-MR) imaging, i.e. maximum enhancement and the exchange rate constant, correlate well with the histologic infiltration grade, MVD and serum markers of disease activity. Recently, the maximal amplitude of lumbar bone marrow enhancement on DCE-MR examination has been identified as a prognostic variable for event-free survival (EFS) in progressive MM. These parameters may serve as non-invasive surrogate biomarkers for determining prognosis and for assessing treatment response in myeloma patients. However, these studies used techniques which were limited to a maximal 400-mm field of view, whereas myeloma can involve the bone marrow focally, diffusely throughout the body, or even outside the marrow space. With the advancement of MR technologies, unenhanced whole-body MR imaging has proven more reliable than radiological skeletal survey and whole-body multidetector computed tomography in patients with MM.