Regulated segmentectomy is advisable with removal of the whole portal territory belonging to the tumor. Single nodule tumors (< 5 cm) and compensated cirrhosis (Child class A) are accepted as the best candidates for liver resection that now can be performed with minimal blood loss, and minimal ischemia damage. Intraoperative ultra sound examination is now routinely used as the golden standard for staging and detection of previously undiscovered neoplastic nodules. Hepatic decompensation with ascites development, cholestasis and variceal bleeding within three months from surgery are the main negative prognostic factors for patient survival. Five years survival exceed 50% but tumor recurrences due to cirrhosis persistence could exceed 30% after three years of follow-up. Several attempts to reduce recurrence through antiangiogenetic and antiproliferative agents have been proposed.