This study utilized a community health center that served a low SES population in Rhode Island. The population was approximately 40 percent Hispanic and 45 percent Caucasian. Subjects were randomized to two intervention conditions:(1) a motivational intervention, that utilized self-help, telephone counselor calls, and motivational interviewing to provide feedback about children's health status and household concentrations of nicotine; (2) usual care, which included provision of self-help materials only. A repeated measures design was used (baseline, 3- and 6-month follow-ups). Outcome measures included household nicotine concentrations, movement through the stages of readiness to change, smoking cessation attempts, point-prevalence abstinence rates, and children's health status.