Intraoperative transthoracic echocardiography: Imaging After positioning the patient supine on the operation table, serial transthoracic echocardiography was performed with a portable GE Vivid Q platform (General Electric, Milwaukee, WI), before (T0) and 1, 3, and 5 minutes after the propofol bolus injection (T1, T2 and T3, respectively) along with hemodynamic recordings at the same time (BP, HR, and BIS). Two-dimensional imaging of parasternal and apical views and pulsed wave (PW) Doppler imaging of mitral inflow & LV outflow were performed. DTI was recorded at both septal and lateral mitral annulus from the apical 4-chamber view to determine longitudinal endocardial velocities with a sweep of 66.7 mm/s. Each set of images required less than 30 seconds.