Interventions were done by a care manager (nurse practitioner or clinical pharmacist) with experience in asthma, and the authority to change medication regimens. Different staff were used for the two intervention groups to minimize contamination between the groups attributable to the intervention. Eligible participants were randomized into the three groups (UC, MG, and SD) on an equal 1:1:1 basis, stratifying on prior health care utilization and within center (KPNW or KPH). All study participants are being followed for 24 months with clinic visits for data collection at 12 months. The MG and SD arms are receiving interim phone calls from the care managers at three, six, and nine months to assess problems with their treatment regimens, discuss changes that may be desired in treatment regimens, and encourage adherence. Different staff are responsible for data collection and intervention.