Importantly, impacts within the Spanish-speaking subgroup were greater than those seen in the sample overall. The average HbA1c among Spanish speakers in the intervention group was 1.1% lower (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.2% to 1.9%) than among those in the usual care group, and six times as many Spanish-speaking intervention patients had normal end point HbA1c levels (18% versus 3%, p = .05). In addition, the mean serum glucose level at follow-up was 71 mg/dl lower (95% CI 13 to 129 mg/dl) among Spanish-speaking patients in the intervention group, and intervention patients had 1.6 fewer symptoms than Spanish-speaking controls (95% CI = 0.0 to 3.2).