Once considered to be a rare disorder, hemochromatosis is now recognized to be one of the most common autosomal recessive disorders in white populations. Substantial morbidity and mortality may result from untreated hemochromatosis; thus, early detection and treatment are essential. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the College of American Pathologists now recommend regular screening for hereditary hemochromatosis. Transferrin saturation is regarded as the best single screening test for the detection of individuals at risk for the disorder.