Although early studies on the effects of leisure-time physical activity during pregnancy were concerned about potential harmful effects to the health of the mother and the fetus, these have not been proven over time. Currently, there is growing evidence supporting the safe promotion of physical activity during pregnancy targeting benefits to maternal and child health. However, most of the scientific evidence derives from observational studies. There is an urgent need for results from well-designed experimental studies that enable a better understanding of the impact of exercise during pregnancy on various health outcomes maternal and child.