2. The telephone intervention study was conducted within KPNW. 6,948 eligible HMO members were identified from the electronic medical record (EMR). Individuals 18 or older were eligible for the study if they were either (1) on the KPNW high risk asthma registry or (2) had at least 180 days of anti-asthma medication dispensings and at least one medical contact for asthma during a specified two-year period. Excluded were 850 individuals who had COPD listed in the electronic medical record.