3. Patients who failed conventional treatment of at least 3 months duration including high-dose corticosteroids (equivalent dosage of prednisone >1.0 mg/kg/day to start), and must also have failed two or more of the followings: cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, 6-MP, methotrexate, tacrolimus, cyclosporin A, mycophenolate mofetil, TNF inhibitor (e.g. etanercept), IVIG or any other immunosuppressive drugs or immune modulating drugs.