S. pneumoniae is one of the major bacterial causes of invasive disease, community acquired pneumonia and respiratory tract infections worldwide (Song, Oh et al. 2008). It causes meningitis, bacteraemia, otitis media, pneumonia and other infections. The resistance rate of this bacteria to antibiotics all over the world is increasing and the mortality rate globally have reached 2 million every year as reported by the WHO. Risk groups are mainly young children under 5 years of age, immune-deficient patients and elderly. There are 91 different serotypes of this infectious agent known worldwide. In the United States of America and Europe, research on S. pneumonia showed that over than 70-85% of all S. pneumoniae cases can be covered and prevented by the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevenar (7v-PCV)). This percentage is different according to the country. In Jordan, this vaccine was introduced and licensed in January 2006 without any previous preliminary studies of the serotypes or capsular types found. Furthermore, there are no published data about the infections caused by Streptococcus pneumonia from Jordan. The total number of Jordanian population is estimated in 2007 to be 5,744 million inhabitants with birth rate 28 per 1000 and these people are concentrated in the capital of Amman (1.781 million), Irbid (629679) and Zarqa (819000). Of Jordanian inhabitants and according to WHO recent numbers of 2008, 37.1% are children below 15 years of age and 3.8% are over than 65 years of age, and total children below 5 years are estimated 2007 to be 917000. This means that the people at risk of pneumococcal infections is 40.9% of the total population. Furthermore, statistical data of the MOH reported an increase of non-meningococcal meningitis cases (without specification of the exact cause of meningitis) from 438 cases (incidence 10.2/ 100,000 population) in 1995 to 778 cases (incidence 14.5/ 100,000 population) in 2007. In 2005, 458 cases/ 747 cases (61%) were from Irbid city alone -north-; and this was 460 cases in 2007 from 778 cases with non meningococcal meningitis. The maximum number of cases with non-meningococcal meningitis was reported in years 2000 (1108 cases with an incidence rate of 22/ 100,000), and in 2003 (1079 cases with an incidence rate of 19.7/ 100,000). In 2007, 778 cases were reported in Jordan with non-meningococcal meningitis, 140 of these cases were from Amman and 490 were from Irbid alone and the rest are from the other parts in Jordan. If we consider as is known that 30% of these infections (non-meningococcal meningitis) are due to S. pneumonia. This means that 233 cases with S. pneumonia meningitis reported annually with 147 from Irbid and 42 cases from Amman which makes 189 cases (81% of all pneumococcal meningitis of Jordan occurring in Irbid and Amman).