Because there are no highly effective treatment options for patients with advanced, unresectable melanoma, participation in clinical trials of novel therapies is frequently the best therapeutic alternative. CADI-05 is a promising agent for two reasons. First, patients with advanced melanoma frequently have disturbing symptoms such as anorexia with associated weight loss, fatigue, and chemotherapy-associated side effects such as nausea and vomiting. CADI-05 not only has a very low side effect profile, but it actually improves such symptoms. Second, melanomas are generally immunogenic, and sometimes patients mount significant of immune responses to cause spontaneous regression of tumors. High-dose interleukin-2, a relatively toxic therapy that stimulates the immune system, causes long-term regression in stage IV melanoma in a small percentage of patients. In addition, when combined with adoptive immunotherapy, response rates as high as 50% have been observed. Therefore, induction of potent antitumor immune responses in melanoma can be a highly effective therapeutic modality. Because CADI-05 has potent immunostimulatory effects and an excellent side effect profile, it is a very attractive option for treatment of stage IV melanoma patients. Preliminary data from ongoing preclinical studies in a murine melanoma model have shown that CADI-05 has significant biological activity in metastatic melanoma (G. Robertson, unpublished data).