Lowering Insulin Resistance Recent data support the development of therapeutics that target insulin pathways and particularly the lowering of insulin resistance as potential treatments for AD. Insulin administration reduces neuronal accumulation of beta-amyloid peptides and synaptic binding of toxic beta-amyloid derived diffusible ligands in cell culture; it improves cognitive performance in rodents and reportedly in patients with early AD. Insulin-sensitizers like peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR- gamma) have been reported to improve insulin sensitivity, decrease inflammation and inhibit A-beta-stimulated secretion of pro-inflammatory products.