Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic pulmonary disease of prematurity is a substantial long-term problem in survivors of neonatal intensive care. This disorder is seen in 15 to 35 percent of surviving infants whose birth weight was less than 1,500 grams. It is estimated that 5 percent of all neonatal intensive care unit admissions develop the affliction. Affected infants require prolonged neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalizations.