Animal studies have indicated that Modafinil significantly increases both aspartate and glutamate at the regional level, while decreasing the level of GABA through the inhibition of its release.20,12,10,22 In addition, Modafinil has been shown to exert its effect on specific brain regions, most notably for this study, in subregions of the hippocampus.11 Therefore, the application of Modafinil to an MS population with impairments in new learning has the potential to significantly improve cognitive functioning in this population, secondarily improving emotional symptoms and quality of life.