Background Information Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) of the Subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an established treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). STN DBS improves dopaminergic drug-sensitive motor symptoms, thus allowing a reduction in post-operative drug dose. The reduction of antiparkinsonian therapy in turn alleviates L-dopa-induced motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. However, a considerable variation in the extent of dopaminergic drug reduction has been reported, with values ranging from 20% to 100%. To date the management of antiparkinsonian medication after STN DBS mainly rely on neurologist's personal experience or patient's preference, as no evidence-based guidelines have been provided so far, with the exception of some pragmatic recommendation on postoperative issues promoted by the Movement Disorders Society in 2006.