IIAD has therefore become a part of standard preoperative procedure in many orthopaedic surgical setting in the hospitals of Southern Denmark, including Odense University Hospital and Svendborg Hospital. This decision may be justified by in-vitro studies concluding marked bactericidal effect of IIAD on a broad range of bacterial species, especially staphylococci. (16) The bactericidal effect of IIAD has also been evaluated in-vivo in hip surgery, where bactericidal effect and significant reduction in wound contamination was reported when IIAD was applied 24 hours prior to skin sampling (20). The bactericidal effect has however not been evaluated when IIAD is applied at the surgical start prior to incision, as is normal practice in orthopaedic surgery.