Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a major cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) affecting aging men. Medical therapy for BPH includes alpha adrenergic blockers and 5α-reductase inhibitors. In men with moderate-severe LUTS due to BPH, surgical therapy should be considered for 1) those who failed medical therapy and/or 2) those with refractory urinary retention, renal insufficiency secondary to BPH, recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI's), or bladder stones. The gold standard for the surgical therapy of BPH has been transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). However, TURP is associated with significant comorbidities such as bleeding, prolonged catheterization, and absorptional hyponatremia. To minimize these problems associate with TURP, alternative minimally invasive treatment techniques have been developed. Two of the most commonly used treatment modalities include a photoselective laser vaporization of the prostate (GreenLight PVP) using the potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser and holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP). The major problem in all these minimally invasive treatment modalities is that they are generally associated with a higher retreatment rate. In addition, there is no intraoperative and objective measurement, other than a limited, transurethral visualization of the prostatic cavity, to assess the extent of the vaporization or enucleation.