The treatment for these agitated patients frequently includes physical restraint, chemical treatment and seclusion. In a review of 13 published studies of adults in a patient psychiatric setting, a range of 1.9% to 66% patients had a need for seclusion and restraint. Another study found an average of 2 restraints on 17% of patients in an acute medical unit. In psychiatric emergency rooms, the percent of patients restrained (20-25%) was significantly higher than in an inpatient facility (7-20%) [8-11]. It was found 25.2% of teaching hospitals restrained at least one patient per day. An average of 3.7% of all ED patients needed restraint and seclusion, or restraint alone.