The use of vitamin D as primary or adjunctive TB therapy has a long history. Therapeutic doses of oral vitamin D supplementation for TB treatment were first pioneered in the 1950's by Jacques Charpy, who noted excellent results in cutaneous TB disease. Subsequently, vitamin D has been used as both primary and adjunctive therapy in pulmonary tuberculosis, but this practice fell out of favor as effective antimycobacterial chemotherapy became widely available in the latter half of the twentieth century.