Introduction. Lymphatic filariasis is a devastating mosquito-transmitted parasitic disease that causes lymphedema or elephantiasis of the leg in 15 million persons, the majority of whom are women. In these persons, frequent bacterial infections ("acute attacks") of the legs adversely affect physical health, economic well-being, and quality of life. Prevention of bacterial infections through hygiene and skin care can result in significant improvements in lymphedema and patient well-being.