Dry eye, a type of chronic ocular surface inflammation, is highly prevalent and contributes to corneal blindness and imposes a severe health burden. Scleritis is ocular surface inflammatory disorder associated with mild to severe inflammation of the sclera with or without intraocular inflammation. Severe dry eye or scleritis is associated with autoimmune diseases like SS, RA, SLE, and other conditions. Current treatment of dry eye is often not effective enough (eg., cyclosporine) or causes adverse effects (eg., corticosteroid-induced glaucoma). In autoimmune dry eye, there is immune-mediated damage to the ocular surface and the lacrimal gland. In various models of dry eye disease, it has been shown that components of the immune system such as T cells, macrophages and cytokines such as interleukin (IL) 1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are critical for triggering and maintaining this disease. Likewise treatment of non-infective sclerits is a very challenging situation to all uveitis specialists.