The National Advisory Mental Health Council recently called for the development of non-pharmacological treatments that identify and target specific disease processes for clinical improvement in schizophrenia and other psychotic illnesses. One such illness process, vital for positive outcomes, is impaired awareness of illness or insight. Insight is often thought of as factual knowledge and acknowledgement of one's illness. More specifically, insight in psychosis has been conceptualized as a multi-dimensional construct, with several independent but overlapping dimensions, such as the ability to appropriately label aberrant mental events (e.g. hallucinations and delusions), recognition of illness, and willingness to engage in treatment. Relative to individuals with other mental illnesses, those with psychotic illness have the most impaired insight, presenting a number of challenges, including: poor treatment engagement and adherence, more frequent hospitalizations, greater positive and negative symptoms, and poor psychosocial functioning. This problem is particularly relevant in early phases of psychotic illness, where there remains a paucity of data. Data that is available has shown decreased insight is associated with increased symptoms and poorer cognitive functioning, both of which have the potential to impact illness course.