Thus, we propose an open-label, non-randomized, multicentre, escalating-dose, Phase I trial, to investigate the safety and the maximum-tolerated dose of the combination R-ESHAP with lenalidomide as salvage therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma candidates to stem-cell transplantation. We expect haematological toxicity as the main form of toxicity, as shown in previous studies. We must also take into account the possible adverse influence of lenalidomide treatment on stem cell mobilization. In patients with MM, prior lenalidomide therapy has been associated with high rates of failure in stem cell mobilization with filgrastim. Remobilization with chemotherapy and filgrastim is usually successful in these patients.