Two villages not included in the main study will be selected from rural Blantyre or Thyolo for pilot studies of accuracy and acceptability. From these villages, 200 to 250 participants in total will be recruited from either randomly selected households (n = 150-200) or community peer groups (n = 48) for the accuracy and acceptability studies .Participants who opt to self-test as well as undergo standard HTC will be given a HIVST kit and a test results forms to record their own reading of the results. They will then be provided with a demonstration and instructions before carrying out the self-test procedure in a private room and completing the test results forms. Participants who themselves recognise that they have made a user error or find that their first result is uninterpretable will be given a second test kit to repeat the procedure if they wish to do so.