5. PACU a) Time 0 = PACU arrival time b) Pain scores: i. Obtained by trained, blinded nurse observers ii. Recorded per policy with minimum evaluation every 15 minutes iii. Recorded using 11 point numeric rating scale (NRS) 1. 0 = no pain; 10 = severe pain c) PCA (patient controlled analgesia) available and initiated upon arrival to PACU i. Opioid: morphine ii. Bolus dose: 0.025 mg/kg; lockout 10 minutes iii. Hourly limit: 0.15 mg/kg/hr iv. Nurse rescue bolus: 0.05 mg/kg; lockout 60 minutes 1. To be administered for NRS > 7 v. continuous hourly infusion = 0