For patients who have relapsed or are refractory to therapy, there is no agreed upon standard treatment (Anderson et al., 2002; Kyle, 2002). Treatment options include salvage chemotherapy, autologous stem cell transplant (if not previously done or as a second transplant), or allogeneic stem cell transplant, full or low intensity (Kyle, 2002). Salvage chemotherapy is most widely used in clinical practice. Among a variety of salvage regimens, both monotherapy and combination therapy have been applied. Monotherapy with Dexamethasone or other steroids administered as pulse therapy produced responses in the 35-40% range (Alexanian et al., 1983; Gertz et al., 1995). Thalidomide used as a single agent showed a 32% response rate in this patient population (Singhal et al., 1999). More recently, VELCADE as a single agent induced at least minimal responses (i.e. > 25% reduction in monoclonal protein) in 35% of patients and at least a stabilization of the disease in 59% of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma using strict SWOG criteria (Richardson et al., 2003). Combination therapies historically show higher response rates. VAD has been demonstrated as an effective regimen in patients refractory to alkylating agents, with response rates of 60% (Lokhorst et al., 1989). A similar regimen called DVd, with Doxil, Vincristine, and dexamethasone, showed comparable efficacy and acceptable toxicity (Hussein et al., 2002; Rifkin et al., 2004). Newer combinations, including combinations of VELCADE, thalidomide, and Revlimid (analog of thalidomide) are promising, and appear to be able to induce higher response rates and complete remissions as per unpublished yet reports from different meetings (Agarwal et al, 2003; Orlowski et al, 2003, Richardson et al, 2003; Richardson et al., 2004).