Type 1 diabetes mellitus is strictly autoimmune mediated disease destructing the islets β-cell of the pancreas. Mesenchymal stem cells and its microvesicles are reported as an anti-inflammatory agents. We hypothesis that intravenous infusion of cell free umbilical cord-blood derived MSC microvesicles may reduce the inflammatory state and hence improve the β-cell mass as well as the glycemic control of the patients of T1DM.