The study was a subproject in a Specialized Center of Research (SCOR) in Fibrotic Lung Disease from 1997 through 2001. Both normal and asthmatic subjects were immunized with a neoantigen, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), via intrapulmonary and subcutaneous routes and observed for the type of antibody and T cell response that developed. Furthermore, the effect of inhaled anti-inflammatory medications on primary immune responses to KLH was assessed. Additional studies examined the effect of regional pulmonary Th2 responses on peripheral blood asthma-associated effector cells, basophils and eosinophils. Finally, the investigators determined whether chronic therapy of asthmatic children with either nedocromil or budesonide modulated their immune response to a systemically administered neoantigen, hepatitis B vaccine. These studies were designed to provide important information on the regulation of immune responses in humans with asthma. Furthermore, they helped to determine whether anti-inflammatory medications could inhibit development of a Th2 responses or only prevent inflammatory events downstream from Th2 development.