Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have a poorer quality of life and have elevated rates of anxiety. Higher anxiety and somatization has been associated with more severe AF symptoms. Increased anxiety symptoms have also been associated with increased medical visits for AF management. Some studies show that anxiety may increase the risk of AF recurrence following medical intervention, including increasing AF recurrence after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation. Growing evidence suggests a pressing need to treat anxiety and improve quality of life among AF patients, yet few data exist about how to accomplish this. Mindfulness-based behavioral treatments offer promise in this regard.