Overexpression of Runx2, an osteoblast-specific transcription factor, can increase osteoblast differentiation of BM-MSCs, thereby strengthening the effects of BM-MSC transplantation to repair bone defects and necrosis. By controlling expression of osteocalcin, an osteoblast-specific gene, Runx2 also controls osteoblast differentiation and functioning. Osteocalcin, a common indicator used to evaluate bone formation and conversion rate, is a bone metabolism-regulating factor generated and secreted by osteoblasts; thus, it is considered to be a good marker for bone functioning. In a previous study by Chen et al., seven patients with glucocorticoid-induced ONFH at Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) Stage IV were included as an experimental group and seven patients with femoral neck fracture served as a control group. Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to detect osteocalcin immunoreactivity and Runx2 expression in femoral head and neck tissue. They found that glucocorticoid-induced ONFH is likely closely related to osteocalcin.