In this series, immediately after anesthesia, all women received misoprostol 400 mcg (two tablets of MisotacR, Adwia Co, 6th October city, Egypt) sublingual, as well as 20 IU of oxytocin (Syntocinon, Sanofi Aventais, Egypt) in 50 0-mL lactated Ringer's solution as an intravenous infusion, after delivery of the baby and clamping of the umbilical cord. This is routine practice for all women undergoing CS in our department.