Within either the first or second six-month phase of their study involvement, each subject received a lifestyle-based intervention designed to improve a variety of aging outcomes. At 4-5 points in time over an 18-24 month interval, elders completed assessments of healthy activity, coping, social support, perceived control, stress-related biomarkers, perceived physical health, psychosocial well-being, and cognitive functioning to test the efficacy of the intervention and document the process mechanisms responsible for its effects.