A randomized clinical trial carried out at the Women's Integrated Healthcare Center (CAISM)/UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil, to compare the efficacy of tinidazole and cefazolin on the prophylaxis of the febrile and infectious morbidity after vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy. Women undergoing to total vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy were randomly enrolled into one of these three groups of antibiotic prophylaxis: tinidazole, cefazolin or an association of both.