The combination of docetaxel 75 mg/m2 and cisplatin 60-80 mg/m2 administered every 3 weeks is one of the most commonly used chemotherapy regimen in Korea for the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC. Although the 3-weekly regimen is active and tolerated, it is associated with a significant incidence of severe neutropenia, often complicated by fever. Therefore, there has been increasing interest in the use of a weekly administration of docetaxel as a way of reducing its hematologic toxicity. We designed this randomized phase II trial to evaluate the safety profile and antitumor activity of two different schedules of docetaxel plus cisplatin given as first-line therapy in patients with advanced NSCLC.