Furthermore, tDCS offers several advantages as compared with other techniques of noninvasive brain stimulation (i.e., repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)): (1) small size of the electrodes and stimulator, thus allowing portable use for instance to be used at home, (2) simple and non-expensive technique that can easily be translated for use in clinical practice, (3) long-lasting effects - the modulatory effects of tDCS last longer as compared to rTMS - for instance, 13 minutes of stimulation changes brain excitability for up to 2 hours (Nitsche and Paulus 2001), and (4) more easily blinded with sham tDCS in the setting of clinical trials (Gandiga et al 2006)