3. Concise statement of Significance/Background Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is a self-limited respiratory distress syndrome of term and late pre-term neonates.1 Newborns with TTN develop clinical signs of respiratory distress within the first hours after birth, in the absence of other pathology such as surfactant deficiency, infection, meconium aspiration, or anatomic cardiac or pulmonary anomaly. Signs of TTN include tachypnea (respiratory rate consistently > 60), subcostal, intercostals, and suprasternal retractions, nasal flaring, grunting, and hypoxia correctable with low FiO2 supplemental oxygen (< 0.40) via conventional nasal cannula or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The condition usually resolves with supportive care within 72 hours without significant long-term adverse sequelae. Transient tachypnea of the newborn is associated with transient pulmonary edema diagnosed by typical chest x-ray findings.