Despite recent scientific advances in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), substantial donor investment, and national commitments to PMTCT program roll-out, pediatric HIV/AIDS remains a largely uncontrolled epidemic. Unless some intervention is undertaken, more than half of children who become HIV-infected will die by their second birthday. Yet in sub-Saharan Africa, the majority of infected children die without ever having confirmation of their HIV status, having never had the chance to begin life-saving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Recognizing the need to provide children with greater access to care, the World Health Organization (WHO) has advised countries that at least 10% of patients receiving ART should be children. However, most programs fall well short of this target.