Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have obstruction to expiratory airflow, marked breathlessness, high dyspnea scores, and reduced exercise tolerance relative to age and gender matched non-smoking controls (Casaburi, 2009; Casaburi et al., 2014; Puente-Maestu et al., 2016). A prominent mechanism for exercise intolerance is thought to be dynamic hyperinflation during exercise (an increase in the end-expiratory lung volume) that contributes to the sensation of breathlessness, and ultimately results in early cessation of exercise. A co-maladaptive mechanism of exercise limitation in COPD is related to wasted or excessive ventilation at all work intensities from increased dead space ventilation relative to total ventilation (increased VD/VT). This requirement for additional ventilation limits exercise capacity and contributes to dynamic hyperinflation and ventilatory limitation (O'Donnell et al., 2004).