In March 2009, Rifabutin (RBT) was added to the WHO essential medicine list to substitute RIF for treatment of TB in HIV infected patients treated with RTV boosted PI-containing antiretroviral therapy [25]. Listing RBT on the essential medicine list, was an important first step toward increasing the availability of RBT for large scale use at affordable cost in the resource-limited settings. The high cost of RBT when compared with RIF however made it inaccessible to tuberculosis control programs in resource-limited settings. In August 2009, the Clinton Foundation announced a price agreement with Pfizer to lower the price of RBT in emerging markets by 60%, to $1 per 150mg dose. This initiative greatly improved the prospect of using RBT in a public health approach to co-treatment of TB and HIV in developing countries.