Secondly, 2 qualitative studies in which we will examine clinicians' and surgeon's attitudes towards a trial of oesophageal surgery compared to endoscopic treatment (ER and ablation) by questionnaire. Qualitative interviews with a purposive sample of patients will explore their views of randomisation, recruitment and participation to help identify and pre-empt problems in subsequent planned trials of endoscopic treatments compared to each other and to surgical removal of all or part of the gullet.