Undiagnosed/untreated hearing loss can lead to physiological changes associated with auditory deprivation, as well as psychosocial changes of social isolation and depression. It can result in emotional, physical, cognitive, and behavioral consequences including impaired activities of daily living, decline in independence and reduced quality of life. In spite of the prevalence and impact of hearing loss and the benefits of rehabilitation in reducing the psychological, social, and emotional consequences of hearing loss, referral by physicians for assessment and rehabilitation is low and the majority of adults who could benefit from the use of hearing aids do not use this technology. Early identification can help to reduce these deleterious effects, and lead to easier adjustment to hearing aid use.