Even if several functions, dependent and independent on its iron binding ability, have been attributed to Lf, our recent clinical trials have demonstrated that this natural compound may represent an interesting approach in the therapy for ID and IDA in pregnant women. As matter of fact, a milk derivative bovine lactoferrin (bLf) restores the physiological transport of iron from tissues to circulation, thus curing ID and IDA. Moreover, differently from ferrous sulfate, bLf oral administration exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by decreasing serum IL-6 concentration in uncomplicated pregnancies.