Recently the investigators of Dvisum assessed Vitamin D status in pre-school children (n=90; mean age 54+/-7.1 mo), all living in northern Sweden (latitude 63°) and half of them with fair skin, half with darker complexion. The study group was examined first in August-September (late summer) and then the following January-February (winter). Skin type, vitamin D intake, anthropometrics, S-25(OH) D and parathyroid hormone (S-PTH) were assessed. The investigators found inadequate vitamin D status in these children living in northern Sweden, especially in dark-skinned children and during the winter despite vitamin D intakes meeting the recommendations, prompting strategies to improve intake of vitamin D in this population. Overall, 25% and 40% of the light and dark skinned had S-25(OH) D <50 nmol/L.