*Previous studies have found that in a task-free state (i.e. rest scan), multiple distributed brain areas demonstrate temporal correlation of the fMRI signal or "functional connectivity" in low frequency ranges.(Biswal et al., 1995; Fransson, 2005) In one of the first such studies, Biswal et al. found a significant correlation in resting fMRI signal from sensorimotor cortices of opposite hemispheres.(Biswal et al., 1995) This resting state network (RSN) has been referred to as the sensorimotor network, or SMN. (Beckmann et al., 2005) FM pain is somatic in localization (usually soft tissue), hence resting connectivity in the SMN may demonstrate increased connectivity to the pain processing regions. Other RSNs have also been described, including one anatomically consistent with the Default Mode Network (DMN) (Greicius et al., 2003) [for review see (Buckner and Vincent, 2007; Vincent et al., 2007)]. This network involves brain regions putatively engaged in self-referential cognition that is "deactivated" (more active at rest than during a task state) during a variety of externally focused task conditions. Typically, the DMN (Figure 1) includes the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) (~BA 40, 39), the posterior cingulate cortex (~BA 40, 39), the posterior cingulate cortex (~BA 30, 23, 31) and precuneus (~BA 7), areas of the inferior, medial and superior frontal gyri (~BA 8, 9, 10, 47), the hippocampal formation, and the lateral temporal cortex (~BA 21)(Buckner and Vincent, 2007). Resting fluctuations in the DMN have demonstrated decreased connectivity in Alzheimer's disease (Greicius et al., 2003) and increased connectivity in depression (Greicius et al., 2004), compared to healthy controls. Interestingly, resting state connectivity in the DMN has also been shown to change in response to an intervention or task.(Waites et al., 2005) Waites et al. found increased connectivity between the middle frontal gyrus and posterior cingulate (a component of the DMN) in resting fMRI data following an active (cognitive) task. While the functional significance of spontaneous fluctuations in the DMN remains controversial, Fox and Raichle suggest that resting connectivity in the DMN is fundamental to balancing excitatory and inhibitory inputs to multiple brain networks, thereby setting the "gain" for future task-related response. (Fox and Raichle, 2007) Positive correlations in fMRI signal refer to putatively excitatory connections whereas negative correlations imply putative inhibitory connectivity. We propose that application of tDCS with decrease connectivity in the pain matrix regions that may result in a change within the gain set by the DMN for brain processing within the pain matrix.