The purpose was to determine how increased geographic access to primary care services affects service use and costs. Two specific aims addressed were: 1) to determine how CBOCs impact the service use of all existing users and existing users with the following ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC): alcohol dependence, angina, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), depression, diabetes and hypertension; and 2) to describe how CBOCs affect the workload and costs of the VA health care system from the VISN's perspective.