In all patients, an intravenous (IV) line was opened on the dorsum of the left hand using 18-Gauge cannula before they were admitted to the surgery room and 0.9% isotonic NaCl solution was infused at a dose of 5-7 mL/kg without any agent for premedication. The patients underwent standard monitoring composed of electrocardiogram (ECG), pulse oximeter, noninvasive blood pressure measurement, and end tidal carbon dioxide measurement. After 5-minute stabilization period following monitoring, heart rates and systemic arterial pressures of the patients were measured and baseline values were recorded for each patient (6). Measurement of systemic arterial pressure was done by automatic oscillometry (Hewlett-Packard HP M1008B) and heart rate (HR) was calculated on the ECG trace (Hewlett-Packard HP M1002A). Induction of Anesthesia Following routine monitoring in the surgery room, induction of anesthesia was started after the patients were peroxygenized and received 0.9% isotonic NaCl solution via IV route at a dose of 5-7 mL/kg. Following intravenous (IV) administration of 0.5 mg Atropine (Atropin, Biofarma, Istanbul, Turkey) prior to the induction, the patients randomly (by lot) received one of the three different doses (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 µg/kg/min) of remifentanil infusion (Ultiva, Glaxo Wellcome, Marly-le-Roi, France) for two minutes. After 2-minute remifentanil infusion (remi concentration of 40 µg/mL), 0.5 mg/kg propofol ( Propofol 1% Fresenius; Fresenius Kabi, Uppsala, Sweden) was administered via IV route increasing the dose by 10 mg every 10 seconds; 0.5 mg/kg rocuronium was administered via IV route at the time of loss of eyelash reflex and consciousness (7). Two minutes later, intubation was performed at one sitting in all patients by a specialist with at least 5-year experience using Macintosh laryngoscope. The lungs were manually ventilated by sevoflurane at an inspiratory concentration of 1.5% and by 50% air/oxygen until the intubation. Infusion dose of remifentanil, which had been performed at induction dose until intubation, was decreased by 50% in all groups after intubation.