A database/ repository will be constructed for future research, analysis, and recruitment. De-identified study participants' genetic information, their responses to pain and pain medications, and side-effects will be included in a study database. Blood specimens will be included in the repository for exploring potentially important SNPs and biomarkers in future. No patient identifiers will be included in the database, and there will be a confidential (access limited to investigators only) code or link between the database and other information about the participant.