- Patients with at least 3 metabolic syndrome criteria of Asian-Pacific ATP III guideline: fasting blood glucose ≥ 110 mg/dl, systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg, triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dl, HDL-cholesterol < 40 mg/dl for men and < 50 mg/dl for women.