The first significant clinical result regarding fully automated closed loop in the fasting condition comes from Medtronic Inc. who demonstrated the feasibility of a fully automated closed loop system in 10 adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus, using an external pump (CSII), a sensor for continuous subcutaneous glucose monitoring (CGM), and a control algorithm called ePID. This algorithm consists of a classical Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller plus insulin on-board feedback. Since then, several initial clinical trials of closed-loop control have been made to prove the feasibility of other control algorithms like Model Predictive Control (MPC). MPC has obtained positive results in type 1 diabetic patients and also in Intensive Care Units.