Heat stroke is defined as a condition where the body temperature raises to dangerous level that may cause harm to body tissues and lead to multi-system clinical and pathological manifestations that might lead to death. Among heat stroke survivors a defect in thermoregulation develops as a consequence. In the IDF, every soldier who had a heat stroke, or is suspected to have had a heat stroke, must pass a heat intolerance test in the Unit of Military Physiology, after a rest period of 4-6 from the incident, which is the approximate period for thermoregulation to recuperate from the injury after a heat stroke. Until the heat intolerance test, the soldier must not train to avoid a repeat incident of heat stroke. The soldiers' ability to return to active duty is based on the results of the exam. The heat tolerance test and its criteria have been developed in the Physiology Unit throughout years of experience, and have been proved and adopted by several labs in Europe and in the United States. The criteria generally include baseline temperature and heart rate, and are based upon the physiological response of healthy men (soldiers) in the physical effort involved in the test.In recent years there is a growing trend in the IDF to integrate female soldiers in combat divisions. As a result, these females are exposed to physical efforts in various climate conditions as a part of their training, or a part of their active duty missions in the division. Therefore, the probability of an incidence of heat injuries increases among these soldiers.Research results indicate differences in the efficiency of thermoregulation mechanisms between men and women: