In animal research with fetal lambs it has been shown, that aeration of the lung played a crucial role in undisturbed cardio-circulatory immediate neonatal transition. Thus a new concept of DCC was introduced, delaying cord clamping until ventilation/aeration of the lung was established, calling this "Physiological-Based Cord Clamping" (PBCC). It was shown, that PBCC improved not only cardiovascular function in preterm lambs, but systemic and cerebral oxygenation too. Systemic oxygenation was measured using pulseoximetry, and cerebral oxygenation was measured using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).