It now appears that neurocognitive dysfunction is also more common in obese children and adolescents. In a large population study of 2,519 children, 8 to 16 years of age, a brief neuropsychological assessment showed a statistically significant, albeit modest relationship between cognitive test scores and BMI that persisted after adjusting for confounding variables. Obesity is also associated with several conditions which known to affect brain function, including sleep apnea, insulin resistance, hypertension, and chronic inflammatory factors (e.g., by these variables cannot be determined, unfortunately, because those variables were not measured.