Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the third most frequent endocrine disorder, after diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders, that predominantly affects postmenopausal women, with an incidence of 1 -5 in 1000 people. It can occur at any age though young people are rarely affected. PHPT is characterized by hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and resultant hypercalcemia. Most cases of PHPT (>85%) result from a solitary adenoma in one of the parathyroid glands. Multi-gland hyperplasia is found in about 10-15% of the patients while carcinoma occurs rarely (1-2%).