More recently, several early biomarkers have been developed to identify patients whom are at risk for developing AKI. Two of these biomarkers, TIMP-2 and IGFBP7, have been used for the early prediction of AKI in ICU and cardiac surgery patients. Nonetheless, "early detection" with these biomarkers is till limited to 3-4 hours (an in some studies 24 hours) after renal injury.