Recently, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) and FGF21 have emerged as key endocrine regulators of glucose, lipid and energy metabolism. Both factors activate FGFRs in the context of co-receptor βKlotho(KLB) expression. After that, both proteins alter ERK phosphorylation and stimulate glucose uptake. Furthermore, these two factors ameliorate insulin resistance through various ways including up-regulating insulin mRNA, IRS-1, GLUT-1 expressions, down-regulating GH-IGF-1 levels in different tissues and blood circulation and also improving dyslipidemia.