The recent discovery of hepcidin-ferroportin complex has greatly contributed to clarify the enigmatic mechanism of systemic iron homeostasis. Notwithstanding, iron homeostasis disorders, as ID and IDA, are still treated with oral administration of large quantity of iron as fer¬rous sulfate due to its poor bio-availability. Ferrous sulfate oral administration often fails to exert significant effects on ID and IDA, and frequently causes many adverse effects, including gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation.