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James M. Cain (1892-1977) did not write about detectives or publish in the pulps. He was an Easterner, a newspaperman and a protégé of H. L. Mencken who went West during the Depression to write for Hollywood. There he wrote moviescripts and crime novels. His gift for dialogue and the first-person, confessional form of his narratives gave them the suspense other writers achieved with a detective on a case.
Born in 1892 to an Irish family in tidewater Maryland, Cain grew up in an atmosphere that he once described as "feinschmecker Catholicism," meaning that his parents were "gourmets of religious ritual." They attended mass regularly because "the services were mounted in a manner worthy of Ziegfeld." 1 By thirteen, Cain did not believe a word of the "whole mumbo-jumbo, especially the confessional, where I was faking and suddenly knew that the priest knew it." 2 Not surprisingly, Cain's narratives are, at base, "faked confessions."
Cain's first home was a faculty duplex (now the Paca-Carroll student dorm) at St. John's College in Annapolis, where his father, who had played football and rowed at Yale, was professor of math and English. Handsome and flamboyant, he overshadowed Cain's mother, a gifted soprano who nurtured the writer's interest in music. While his father rose through the ranks to become vice-president of St. John's, Cain led a bucolic life with his three sisters and brother in the genteel colonial capitol. He skipped several grades and, after the family moved across the Chesapeake Bay to Chestertown, where his father became president of Washington College, he entered that college's prep school at twelve. He entered the College itself at fourteen, "a midget among giants," socially inept but coasting intellectually. 3 His main concern was looking and acting older, styling himself as a pool shark and playing the iconoclast. He edited the college magazine and was class vice-president, but he had no idea what he wanted to do when he graduated at eighteen in 1910. 4
Young Cain tried teaching, inspecting roads, singing, and selling insurance, before getting on as a police reporter at The Baltimore American. In 1917 he shifted to The Baltimore Sun, one of the best papers in the U.S. and the catbird seat of critic H. L. Mencken. Drafted in 1918, Cain served with a headquarter's troop during World War I and edited The Lorraine Cross during the occupation. On his return, he married childhood sweetheart Mary Clough, whom he offended by dressing sloppily, treating Prohibition as a joke, and speaking a tough-guy lingo out of the side of his mouth. A job awaited Cain at The Sun and he finally met Mencken, whose icon-smashing books and editorship of Smart Set made him a powerful influence on the writing styles of this generation.
Cain began to specialize in his reportage, covering the West Virginia coal field battles, even becoming a member of the United Mine Workers. He placed articles on this topic in The Atlantic and The Nation. He developed his own deft handling of dialogue during a stint of teaching at St. John's, and eventually he found a job through his Baltimore connections at the New York World, where he ended up writing "light" or "color" pieces for the editorial page of Walter Lippeman.
Cain moved to New York City alone in 1924, leaving Mary in Annapolis. These were the declining days of the glorious World, a paper purchased by Joseph Pulitzer in 1883. 5 Besides Lippemann, the editorial pages printed Maxwell Anderson, Allan Nevins, Arthur Krock, Franklin P. Adams, and Heywood Broun. Cain specialized in the offbeat editorial -- praise for man-eating sharks and jazz in church, denunciation of federal regulation of baseball and of Americanized opera. 6
He lived mostly with Elina Tyszecka, a Finn whose spouse, like Cain's, was elsewhere, but he dated five or six women. According to one reporter, Cain "was almost aggressive about wanting you to know he was living in sin." When Elina went on a long trip, he moved in with yet another woman, a reporter at his paper. 7 Cain drank prodigiously with Mencken when he was in town, and otherwise with the World, New Yorker or Algonquin Round Table crowds. They all had a cynical view of relations between the sexes. "Love is the illusion that one woman differs from another," Mencken thundered. Cain thought himself romantic when he countered, "Love is the discovery that one woman does differ from another." 8
In 1925 Cain wrote several debunking pieces for American Mercury. He attacked altruists in "The Pathology of Service" and Seventh Day Adventists in "Servants of the People." In "The Pastor" he wrote that "the typical American man of God in these our days is so loathsome, such a low, greasy buffo, so utterly beneath ridicule, so fit only for contempt." 9 In 1926 Cain wrote a play, Crashing the Pearly Gates, about economic conflict and sexual temptation in the coal fields, but it closed after a week. If Cain saw sex everywhere, it was with reason. He was seeing yet another woman when Elina returned, expecting to marry him; however, he divorced Marry and married Elina, and he adopted her children.
The most sensational news story of 1927 and 1928 was the trial and execution of "Tyger Woman" Ruth Snyder and her lover Judd Gray for the murder of her husband Albert. Gray's situation was eerily like Cain's and it tapped strong national fears about the Twenties "flappers," and sexuality. A circulation war among East Coast newspapers helped to keep the story on the front page for eight months and a sensational photo of Ruth Snyder's electrocution in the New York Daily News in 1928 later shocked the nation.
Ruth, 31, was a striking blond with "a gaze of Scandinavian iciness," who supposedly convinced corset-salesman Judd Gray, her lover, to bludgeon her husband with a sash weight and then to strangle him with picture wire. 10 Though a mother, Ruth dressed like a flapper, stocked her basement with Prohibition booze, and liked to gamble. She focussed public fears about flappers as mothers. Gray was so short and dejected, the New York Times reported, that spectators thought him a dupe and compared him to Charlie Chaplin's "Little Tramp." He testified that, after sex, Ruth would claim her husband beat her: "I'd like to kill the beast," he'd respond heroically. "Do you really mean that?" she asked with interest. Beneath her cool surface, the newspapers detected a fiery "Tiger Woman." 11
Like Cain, Gray had gone to World War I an innocent and returned having tasted Europe's alcohol and freer sex. Prohibition was in force when he returned, with boyish, revealingly-dressed flappers everywhere. But when he married the women his parents liked, she bored him. Rather than let life pass him by, Gray cultivated a series of women, until he found Ruth. They kept a permanent suitcase at the Waldorf, where they met three times a week. The sex was apparently a revelation, and afterwards they shopped at Macy's or danced in nightclubs. It was an affair full of bad dialogue, an excuse for not missing what the "Jazz Age" offered. 12
Two aspects of the trial caught Cain's attention especially. Without his knowledge, Snyder took out personal injury insurance on her husband for fifty thousand dollars and double indemnity in case of death. She instructed the postman to deliver payment coupons only to her, ringing the doorbell twice as a signal. This sign and "double indemnity" became commonplaces for sexual duplicity.13 The second aspect that Cain later recalled was not factual: that after the murder Snyder sent Gray off on the train to establish his alibi upstate with a bottle of relaxing wine that was laced with cyanide. But this added detail made the "double" threat of the femme fatale explicit.
Cain did not use this plot until he left New York in 1931 to become a Hollywood screenwriter. After the Stock Market Crash in 1929, the paper's ad revenues dropped, and it was sold to Scripps-Howard in 1930. Cain worked next as managing editor of The New Yorker, but when Paramount offered him $400 a week, he, Elina, and her children packed up.
Despite his gift for dialogue, Cain was never a great scriptwriter. But like Chandler, he loved the Paramount commissary and the writers' talk there. Released after his first studio contract, Cain drove around southern California – one of the chief forms of recreation there – looking for magazine articles to write. In his early articles Cain couldn't praise the friendly Californians, their excellent schools, and extensive roads highly enough. One place he liked was a lion farm that supplied animals to movies. 14 He combined this with the drama he read into a young couple running a nearby gas station: "Always this bosomy-looking thing comes out – commonplace, but sexy, the kind you have ideas about. We always talked while she filled up my tank. One day I read in the paper where a woman who runs a filling station knocks off her husband. Can it be this bosomy thing? I go by and sure enough, the place is closed. I enquire. Yes, she's the one – this appetizing but utterly commonplace woman." 15 In Cain's sensational "The Baby in the Icebox" (1933), the husband lets the 500-pound cat loose in the house to kill her. She puts the baby, possibly illegitimate, in an unplugged freezer for safety, and then locks her husband in the house. Just after he shoots her through a window, the cat turns on him and kills him. The house catches on fire, but the baby survives in the freezer.
Encouraged by Knopf, Cain began a novel he called Bar-B-Que. The basic plot came from the Snyder-Gray case, which he discussed with screenwriter Vincent Lawrence. Lawrence introduced Cain to the Hollywood principle of the "love rack" – that the audience had to care about characters, that love stories were the best plot to make them do so, and that one of the lovers had to be a "losing lover." It took Cain six months to write the story of Frank Chambers, a drifter who finds work at the roadside gas station/ sandwich joint of Greek immigrant Nick Papadakis and his steamy wife Cora.
Cain continued to write magazine and newspaper pieces until the novel came out in 1934. "Postman was probably the first of the big commercial books in American publishing," writes biographer Roy Hoopes, "the first novel to hit for what might be called the grand slam of the book trade: a hard-cover best-seller, paperback best-seller, syndication, play and movie. It scored more than once in most of these mediums and still sells on and on, even today." 16 The novel set a new standard of hard-boiled-ness; it was so tough that the New York Times's reviewer called it a "six-minute egg." 17
After making only $3,000 in 1933, Cain was suddenly in demand. 18 Reprint and movie rights sold; the studios called. Cain next wrote an eight-part serial, "Double Indemnity" for Liberty magazine in 1936. Part recasting of Postman, part recollection of his youth selling insurance, Double Indemnity portrayed a corporate/legal control of life that amounted to "double jeopardy" and appealed to Depression readers' sense of helplessness. The movie of Double Indemnity (1944) became the masterwork of film noir, but Cain had little to do with it.
Reprints, serials and movie sales kept the Cains living well. This was fortunate, because Cain devoted himself to unsuccessful stage versions of his own and others' works, and then, in 1937, to a music-themed novel, Seranade. 19 With his publisher, Alfred Knopf, begging for new work, Cain finally finished The Embezzler, a novella about the Depression's most common crime that eventually appeared in Three of a Kind (1943). Having completed his contract, Cain was free to sell his last major hard-boiled fiction, Mildred Pierce, to the highest bidder, which was also Knopf. 20 This 1941 tale economic ambition, ruthlessness, and manipulation, featuring an incest motif, was an exceptional portrait of Depression tensions.
With this advance, Cain had a long overdue operation for gallstones and an ulcer. He fielded questions from Edmund Wilson, who wrote the first major critical piece on the hard-boiled school – "The Boys in the Back Room" – for the New Republic in 1941. "The poets of the tabloid murder," wrote Wilson, all "…stemmed originally from Hemingway." 21 Possibly because of this essay, the press expected Mildred Pierce to be a major event. But the reviews were disappointing and Cain, his stomach repaired, began to drink too much. Although he worked for Hollywood in the early 1940s and had some of his scripts and novels filmed, he wrote no important hard-boiled fiction the rest of the decade. He did write an introduction to a collection aimed at soldiers called For Men Only (1943), in which he stated: "The world's great literature is peopled by thoroughgoing heels, and in this book you will find a beautiful bevy of them, with scarcely a character among them you would let in the front door. I hope you like them. I think they are swell." 22
In 1946 Cain published Past All Dishonor, a historic novel set in the Nevada of the 1850s with an incest plot. Historic settings and this plot were to dominate Cain's work for the next two decades, during which he published another nine books. None of them can be termed hard-boiled. Cain married twice more: to Aileen Pringle in 1944, and to Florence McBeth in 1947. He and Florence moved to Hyattsville, Maryland, and they spent the rest of their lives there. Cain died on October 27, 1977 at the age of eighty-five. 23
1 Roy Hoopes, Cain: The Biography of James M. Cain (New York: Holt, 1982), 20. 2 Ibid. 3 Hoopes, 22. 4 Hoopes, 30-31. 5 Hoopes, 118. 6 Hoopes, 122-23. 7 Hoopes, 126-27. 8 Hoopes, 527. 9 Hoopes, 129. 10 Trial details from front pages of the New York Times, May 3 – 10, 1927. 11 This was an old-fashioned, misogynist way of organizing gender roles for public consumption, one that dates at least to Shakespeare's time: "O tiger's heart wrapp'd in a woman's hide." William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 3, I, iv, 137. 12 Marling, Roman Noir, 151-53. 13 Marling, Noir, 154. 14 The lion farm was either near Ventura (Hoopes 225) or in El Monte (Marling Noir, 162). At the latter there was an accident in 1928 very similar to the situation of Cain's story). 15 Hoopes, 225. 16 Hoopes, 244 17 Reviewer quoted in Hoopes, 244. 18 Hoopes, 248. 19 Hoopes, 288. 20 Hoopes, 310. 21 Wilson quoted in Hoopes, 313. 22 Cain, in Hoopes, 339. 23 Cain, in Hoopes, 559.
James M. Cain: Hard-Boiled Mythmaker
David Madden and Kristopher Mecholsky
Toronto: Scarecrow Press, 2011
How can you not like Mildred Pierce?
Whether she's Kate Winslet or Joan Crawford or James M. Cain's original, Mildred models an appealing blend of economic ambition, motherhood, and romance betrayed. With a new version of Mildred Pierce on HBO, and a recent article by Hilton Als in The New Yorker (3/28/11), reassessments are in order, not least because Cain himself was so attuned to economic hard times like our own.
David Madden championed Cain long before it was fashionable. I have in hand my 1968 copy of his Tough Guy Writers of the Thirties, which is dedicated "To James M. Cain, twenty-minute egg of the hard-boiled writers." This collection of criticism is still important, for in Madden's introduction he boldly set up Cain as a perspective on the world of Hemingway, Chandler, Hammett, Bellow, and McCoy. That viewpoint made the constellation of literature taught on campus look quite different, even in 1968.
Although the multi-talented Madden was principally a fiction writer (his fourth novel, The Suicide's Wife, was nominated for a Pulitzer Prize) and director of the creative writing program at L.S.U., in his free moments he continued to champion Cain. He wrote James M. Cain (1970) and Cain's Craft (1985), and organized the first ever James M. Cain Conference, held at the unlikely venue of Baylor University amid the arcana of the Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning Collection. I was there, and believe me, listening to Madden begin his paper by evoking an imaginary theater marquee and intoning "JAMES … M … CAIN" was, for some years, my definition of academic cognitive dissonance Cain is mainstream now, but no less shocking. Students come to him chiefly in creative writing courses, where instructors cast his gems before students as models of clean prose: "'They threw me off the hay truck about noon' – see if you can combine setting, character, and conflict like that." But not so many aspiring creative writers read all of The Postman Always Rings Twice, much less the rest of Cain's oeuvre. It is now legit to teach Cain in American literature courses, if you ignore arched feminist eyebrows, but the students are genuinely shocked. How can he imply such nasty things about love, lawyers, the state, and human nature?
Roy Hoopes' monumental Cain: The Biography of James M. Cain (1982) helped to answer those questions. It seems that Cain was living libidinally in the 1920s and finding his style between the wit of Dorothy Parker and the sarcasm of H. L. Mencken, while reporting from West Virginia coal fields and New Jersey docks. In March of this year Hilton Als returned to the biographic in the New Yorker, linking Cain's more positive representation of women in Mildred Pierce to his "befriending" Kate Cummings (Cain often befriended women other than his current wife). But no writer transcends his period simply by befriending the right people. I myself placed Cain in a socio-economic context in The American Roman Noir (1995). What he has to say on that score still resonates. It is now clear that Cain was among the most adept economic fabulists of his epoch, a talent he honed at the Baltimore American beginning in 1917. In The Embezzler (1940), he even named the archetypal crime of the Depression, a judgment later confirmed by John Kenneth Galbraith.
Those two trends – the biographic and the social – seemed to dominate Cain scholarship for a long while. Now comes David Madden to remind us that the nexus of these views is craft. The first chapter of his book takes up Cain's career as a novelist, his contacts and professional liaisons, his health and his sources. The second chapter, apparently written by Mecholsky, posits Cain's core mythology as deriving from the Pandora and Oedipal myth complexes. Cain's narratives are segregated into two "archetypal plots" and five "pure elements" (sex, religion, food, money, violence), an approach curiously devoid of modern critical influences, save brief nods to the gender work of Megan Abbott, Greg Foster, and Leonard Casuto.
Chapter Three, "The American Character in Shadow," is the least satisfying part of this book. I find the proposition that "Cain's most fully realized characters … are representative and effective simplifications of many traits, positive and negative, in the American character" (78) to be both school-marmy and preposterous. Frank Chambers? Walter Huff? Please! The only way to substantiate this would involve "authorial intent," and whoever authored this chapter fortunately veers away into a concluding discussion of "inside dope" and self-dramatization.
Chapter Four is a welcome reprise of Madden's classic essay on "Cain and the Pure Novel." Only a very good, working novelist could write this, and it will be counted among Madden's lasting legacies. Here is a writer looking at how another writer delivers "pure experience" (97). By situating Cain within a constellation of literary word-carvers like Joyce and Geroge Simenon, who coined the term "pure novel," Madden helps us appreciate the author's almost invisible technical mastery. He was far more than a minimalist, in any of the senses that term commands today. His sparseness was unlike that of Hemingway, who stripped words clean of associations: in Cain, the associations are still present, and even heighten-ed, as only the desired ones are summoned by the characters and plot.
The final chapters are new material: "Cain at the Movies," and "Impact of Cain and the Tough Guys." The 'movie' chapter is provocatively keyed to the Coen Brothers, but actually busies itself with a scholarly review of what's known about films from Cain's work. Since he was strictly a flop as a scriptwriter, there isn't much about Cain's contributions. Nor is there much about the locations that drew Cain, such as Goebel's Lion Farm and the gas station/hamburger stands in the hills. Too bad, because Cain had a lot to do with annointing these icons of Southern California. On the other hand, films such as Slightly Scarlet (Alan Dwan:1956) and Interlude (Douglas Sirk, 1958) have received little attention, and after reading this book's account of their subversive sexuality and innovative techniques (these were among the first Technicolor "noir" films) you may want to track down a copy. thus far, and we can be grateful to the authors for integrating them into the bigger picture of Cain's work.
Precious little, though, is said about Mildred Pierce -- perhaps because Cain had so little to do with it. Madden/Mecholsky want to make it consistent with the body of Cain's work, so they find the addition of murder (there's none in the novel) to be okay. But the novel is actually not noir; it's about "grass widows" and male emasculation, the Depression and economic entrepreneurship. It's the B side of Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath. Hollywood may have thought that economic strife ended in murder, but Cain knew that just as often it ended with you and your –ex Bert 'getting stinko" and reminiscing about the old days. The 'movies' chapter concludes with an overview of "neo-noir," including Bob Rafelson's Postman, Lawrence Kasdan's Body Heat, and Roman Polanski's Chinatown.The impact of Cain on such films is both obvious and difficult to articulate.
The last chapter, which sums up the authors' arguments, is surprisingly dependent on antique authority: Alfred Kazin, Carl van Doren, William Aydelotte – these names aren't much cited today, and don't explain much about Cain's enduring appeal. A sidestep into film criticism offers more clarity, as we learn about Cain's cache among French and Italian filmmakers and his translation into foreign languages. These caveats aside, the reader of James M. Cain who craves a broad but general overview of the man and the work will be served well by this book. It delivers biography, some of the core criticism, and interesting snapshots of the films, as well as an informed appreciation of the writer's craft and broader impact. - William Marling


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Luis Avalos: Beloved Celebrity Friend Remembered
By Elia Esparza
Three weeks ago, my dear friend, Luis Avalos suffered a heart attack. It was bad. One of his arteries was 90% clogged. Surgeons placed a stint and saved his life. Luis spent a few days in ICU and eventually went home rejoicing on his second chance. He latched on to his new lease on life with a firm grip and was making all sorts of plans.
Then last Saturday the unthinkable happened. Luis and Angel, his life partner, are at home having a normal day when Angel noticed Luis was having trouble breathing and loses consciousness. He's rushed back to the hospital. It is unclear if he suffered a second heart attack or a stroke. This time, Luis would not recover and after last rites administered, he was taken off life support and on Wednesday, January 22, took his last breath in the middle of the afternoon.
I met Luis in the early 90's when I was working for entertainment attorney, James E. Blancarte. Luis was one of many celebrity clients. In time, we became close friends and eventually worked with him on the production of "Paquito's Christmas," a holiday musical he wrote, produced and directed. I helped him with the public relations and as a liaison with the various county and government agencies supporting the production.
He was a joy to work for albeit no pushover. He was detailed oriented and not afraid to roll up his sleeves to help us all do our jobs that would produce the results he required. "Paquito's Christmas" was his baby… I think he was the real-life Paquito.
We laughed a lot. He was a funny and sensitive man. I loved making him crack up and at times felt like I was the production's resident court jester. It was a role I cherished because nothing cures like laughter.
A life long active member of Ricardo Montalban's non-profit organization, Nosotros, he supported them in every activity for decades. In 1998, NCLR hired me as Project Manager to oversee the property transition from UCLA to the newly formed Ricardo Montalban Foundation, when they acquired the Doolittle Theater in Hollywood. One of my first tasks was to draft a list of potential board members. On top of the list was Luis Avalos, and thus became one of the six founding board members.
Social media has exploded with many saying what a great man and friend he was to the community. But to some of us, he was profoundly more. He was family.
"After more than 30 years of working with talent in the entertainment industry, I can count on one hand how many 'celebrities' I can call a true friend," says James E. Blancarte. "Luis Avalos was one of the few who was not only a true friend, but such a kind, loving and loyal friend that almost 20 years ago, my wife Cindy and I asked him to be the Godfather to my youngest daughter, Analisa. As Latinos know, this is the highest honor and sign of respect you can bestow on someone, but it is only a small measure of how much we loved Luis, and how much we will miss him."
Director, producer and performer, Dan Guerrero also has fond memories. "When I moved back to LA from New York in the early 80s, I immediately immersed myself in the Latino Hollywood community that was quite small at that time. That's when I first met Luis Avalos, as well as Carmen Zapata and Lupe Ontiveros" he recalls. "It was a tight knit group of people I greatly admired."
Guerrero says that Luis was the sweetest soul. "Everyone adored him and his partner Angel." Angel Fedo, Luis life partner and soul mate. "They were a couple in the true sense of the word. Everyone knows Luis was a great talent, mentor and friend, but what stands out most for me, was his relationship with Angel. So precious."
"I am so saddened that we have lost Lupe, Carmen and Luis, tres grandes and true pillars of our community. Who's left of the trailblazers from back in the day?" asks Guerrero.
My fondest memory is spending Monday nights having dinner with Luis, Angel and Estrella (Luis mother). Our little soirees were always a night of great conversation, laughs, and cooking lessons. He would also invite me to his private special dinners and I never knew who was going to be there. It could be the president of CBS or several major TV stars. He was also a close a personal friend to Mexican singing idol, Joan Sebastian. I once was invited to meet Joan's then wife, a big Mexican telenovela actress and little son. My job for the evening? Answer any of her questions about her desire to cross-over into Hollywood to work here.
Another memory that burns in my heart is one time when I was having problems with a couple of people in this industry and wasn't sure if I would survive the gossip and fakeness– it is hard to gauge who your real friends are — well, Luis was directing the Golden Eagle Awards that particular year. He asked if I was going and I told him I didn't think so. He insisted. Then he sat me at his table, the most important table at the Beverly Hilton Hotel's International Ballroom. He sat me next to Salma Hayek. I didn't know it then, but while he never publicly took sides, he did sit me down in the most visible spot.He made his statement this way. After the show, everyone came up to me, people who had previously given me the cold shoulder. I remember Luis smiling in the background witnessing my resurgence.
Luis Avalos is survived by his life partner Angel Fedo. His beloved mother, Estrella died in 2010.
Thank you, Luis Avalos, for being a friend who never failed. Godspeed. Until we meet again.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
It came as a shock
those Versace tears
&dramatic-ruler insults
two-year-old steps towards
a ten-year-old fit.
The teen-year-old rage
with synthetic solutions.
Out of proportion
for a cross-eyed-assumption.
A tempest of stories
the long & short of it.
Dots missing numbers
in connect the spot puzzles
searching for logical
You massaged my back with a scissor.
& insisted that I pay you in cash.


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This week's ocregister.fanduel.com contest is a $2500 NBA Saturday Slam.
First prize is $600, and money is awarded through 28th place ($25).
As usual, anyone who enters through their ocregister.fanduel.com account and finishes ahead of both Kevin Ding and myself will get their $10 entry fee back.
The Lakers are off on Saturday, and the contest is only using the five night games on the schedule.
But some of the NBA's top teams (San Antonio, Boston, Miami) are in action, so you should have plenty of quality lineup choices.
To play, click here.
Also on the Lakers blog:


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|More at Zennie62.com | Follow me on Twitter! | Get my widget! | Visit YouTube | Visit UShow.com
A proposal before the San Francisco Board of Supervisors claims that, if it's adopted, will result in a large savings for rate payers and exceed President Obama's new fuel and emission standards.
The proposal, by Recology, the firm once known as NorCal Waste Systems, and selected to be the City and County of San Francisco's new landfill company (currently its Waste Management) was introduced at the San Francisco Board of Supervisors earlier this month and is expected to be heard in committee after the election and voted on by the full board before the end of the year.
Recology holds the rail proposal will save rate payers more than $125 million over 10 years compared to the next lowest bid. At present, San Francisco sends about 400,000 tons of garbage to landfill a year. Recology's bid, based on current disposal rates, came in 44 percent lower than next bid.
The New York Times reports that President Obama's mileage proposal is scheduled to become final next year after a period of public comment.
For more information, visit the website at www.OstromRoad.com.
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Lucineia Turnes, Rodrigo Bonifacio, Vander Alves, Ralf Lammel.
Tool support is essential for Application Engineering in Software Product Lines (SPL). Despite a myriad of existing tools, most lack adequate support for flexibility and adaptability, so that it is hard for them to be applied in different contexts, e.g., addressing variability in different artifacts. Addressing this issue requires exploring underlying commonality and adequately managing variability of such tools. In order to provide systematic guidance in this direction, we have conducted a comparative analysis of variability management techniques for SPL tool development in the context of the SPL Hephaestus tool. The analysis reveals that two techniques, one annotative and another transformational, are most suitable to variability management in Hephaestus, and that their combination is a feasible strategy to improve such management.
http://www.lbd.dcc.ufmg.br/colecoes/sbcars/2011/002.pdfCaso o link acima esteja inválido, faça uma busca pelo texto completo na Web: Buscar na Web


text:
ATG REST MVC Web Services allow you to use HTTP requests to work with any ATG application. These services provide you with ways to do things such as protect user logins, send data to forms using mobile applications, or retrieve data from search results. Multiple controllers generate a model map that can be filtered, and the output from these controllers is used to generate a JSON or XML response.
The REST MVC API can be extended or customized as needed. The following information describes the components of the API, and provide examples that may be useful when creating custom elements for your environment.


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I find it funny..
Posted by + Show Post
That some of you ACTUALLY think that because a bag of lettuce, or the sign on top of the tomatoes.. or the milk carton you are buying says "USDA Certified Organic".. that it actually is truly organic.
Unless you are buying your produce from the farmer's market, or the farmer down the road.. your food is not as "organic" as you probably think.
Replies (51-51):
by Silver Member on Mar. 18, 2012 at 5:00 PM
Meeee either
Quoting UnIdentiFiedOne:
I don't waste money on organic anyhow.
Posted on CafeMom Mobile
Add your quick reply below:
You must be a member to reply to this post.


text:
What does ABET mean in Educational?
This page is about the meanings of the acronym/abbreviation/shorthand ABET in the Community field in general and in the Educational terminology in particular.
Adult Basic Education And Training
Find a translation for ABET in other languages:
Select another language:
What does ABET mean?
- abet(verb)
- assist or encourage, usually in some wrongdoing
Discuss this ABET abbreviation with the community:
Use the citation below to add this abbreviation to your bibliography:
"ABET." Abbreviations.com. STANDS4 LLC, 2018. Web. 24 Mar. 2018. <https://www.abbreviations.com/term/94689>.


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My hands seem to constantly be cold with my finger nails white. Could I have poor blood circulation? Or maybe I'm lacking some calories or vitamins. I don't take any multi-vitamins, only minerals and antioxidants. I get plenty from whole foods and my shakes. My body seems to get cold very easy as well,but maybe because my BF is at 7-8%. What do you guys think?
Cold Hands
Is there a history of diabetes in your family?
I have the same problem. Even just sitting around the house my fingers and toes get extremely cold, and sometimes painful. I've never had it looked at by a doctor, but I figure it has something to do with poor circulation. I don't know if it's linked to nutrition or not.
Hands are extremities, that's probably why. I think you just need to bundle up or wear gloves or something.
Same prob here, bro. A couple of q's: Do you, by chance, ever get anxious or have tension headaches? Are you an ectomorph? What I'm doing right now is jogging to promote circulation, which is helping considerably. My lower body is extremely cold. After showering, I take a hairbrush, put a small amount of rosemary oil on it, brush from my hips down to my feet, and then put on some thermal underwear. I also try taking a rosemary bath once or twice a week. Hope this helps.
Yeah it's caused by poor blood flow but what is causing the poor blood flow? Usually it's one of 3 things. Either #1 too much nervous stimulation of the autonomic nervous system as in caffeine, other stimulants or stress, #2 too little thyroid, or #3 low blood volume. It's doubtful in your case if it's #2 as you're so lean. If it's #1 then you can control this by avoiding stimulants and doing deep breathing exercises. If you also have other weird symptoms such as chronic hypoglycemia, lightheadedness, chronic skipped heartbeats it's likely to be #3. Now if your hands also start turning purple and become stiff then this is something entirely different and needs definite medical attention.
Thank you guys for all of your input. I am an ectomorph and my father is the only one who has diabetes. I've never experienced any low blood sugar though, unless I haven't eaten for 4 hours which never happens. Also my caffeine intake is low. I only take 200mg before workouts (4Xweek) and I don't drink coffee. Only green tea.


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Search efforts are still underway for Owen Black, the autistic 8-year-old boy that has been missing since Friday. Both PNJ and WEAR TV have botched their coverage of the search.
The daily newspaper has a post on its home page with the wrong phone number. The Escambia County Sheriff's Office has the correct information on its Facebook page:
The phone number listed in an article was incorrect, and is NOT a 24-hour working number. Citizens should call 850.436.9630 or 850.436.9620 should they have any new information to report. The number to the mobile command center is 850-207-5498 should you or your group wish to assist with the search efforts. Thank you again.
The local ABC affiliate ran a piece on Owen last night, but failed to give any ECSO contact information or show a photo of the boy. The anchor did give the dispatch number after the segment aired.
Owen was last seen Friday afternoon on Perdido Key Drive in the vicinity of the Needle Rush condos. He was wearing a red and blue striped shirt and brown sweat pants. He has short blondish brown hair, brown eyes and is small for his age (4 ft. tall, weight 45 pounds).
To help with the search, the Sheriff's Office has partnered with to announce our partnership Florida Marine Patrol, U.S. Navy, Civil Air Patrol, Escambia Search and Rescue, U.S. Coast Guard, the Klaas Foundation, the Navy and Escambia County Fire Departments and the Search Rescue units from Orange Beach, Mobile, Baldwin County and Bay counties.
They are still searching.


text:
Having problems with your Sony VAIO VGN-N250E/B Notebook ?
I need to replace my Sony vaio VGN-N series laptop hard disk. Can you send me the instructions please, as i have know idea. Thanks in advance.
Answers :
Here is some instructions:
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Thank you.
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Follow this link to step by step instructions...
Repair Help & Product Troubleshooting for Sony VAIO VGN-N250E/B Notebook
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text:
One of the unfathomable things that has been happening to Britain in recent years is that we have got much better at managing the macro economy (well done, Gordon), but much worse at managing all the bits underneath - the micro economy. That is why the economy as a whole (gross domestic product) is still expanding faster than most other industrialised countries, yet we can't make the trains run on time or provide transport, medical or educational services that people are satisfied with.
In some cases - such as transport - there is a direct connection. Faster economic growth means more cars are being sold and more lorries are on the roads so congestion rises faster than our ability to cope with it.
In others it is due to the stultifying effect of entrenched pressure groups that prevent new houses being built ("not in my backyard") or new airport runways even being contemplated. One of the worst examples of this is the renewal of the London Underground's crumbling infrastructure. Everyone agrees that something must be done, but arguments between the mayor of London and the Treasury about whether it should be privately or publicly funded have not only delayed the start, but led to a paradoxical Treasury decision: in order to implement its policy of transferring risks to the private sector the Treasury has said it will first have to underwrite those risks for an indefinite period. Obvious really, isn't it?
This Alice in Wonderland approach has also infected the railways, where the privatised Connex South Eastern has been given £58m by the government to stop its French owners from walking away. Meanwhile, Railtrack, having totally failed as a private sector company, has morphed into a not-for-profit company unable to finance the scale of its ambitions.
It joins a long list of privatised companies that, instead of reinvigorating the economy, have fallen flat on their faces, such as Cable & Wireless, which recently announced a huge loss. British Energy also posted major losses as more and more electricity companies threatened to close power stations because they were losing too much money. Corus (formerly British Steel) has been struggling amid fierce international competition, as have British Telecom and British Airways.
The government has been trying to shovel money into hospitals and schools, but there is not much evidence to voters at large that it is making a difference. In theory, the NHS ought to be transformed by the effects of an imminent £13bn investment programme over six years, believed to be the world's biggest computer project. But in practice there are fears that it will be scuppered by the jinx that seems to affect all large projects in Britain.
Gordon Brown has been rightly applauded for the success of his macro economic strategy. Even now when world trade has collapsed, the UK economy is growing faster than most others and public sector finances are still in relatively good health.
If only this deftness could be applied to delivering micro-policies effectively, then Labour would retain the loyalty of the floating middle classes for a long time to come. But the way things are going the failure of micro-policies could undermine the success of the government's overall strategy. If hospitals, schools and railways are not built on schedule then national output will eventually fall short of targets. The government does not seem to have the expertise or machinery needed to deliver these projects on time and on budget. The mantra for the rest of parliament should not be "education, education, education," but "delivery, delivery, delivery".


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In case you hadn't noticed, I haven't been posting too much lately. There's a reason – my life has felt a little upside down lately. After four wonderful years, I am leaving my position as Style Editor at Canadian House & Home Magazine.
This is my last week – in fact today is my last photo shoot and last week was my last H&H episode shoot. It's with a heavy heart that I will say good bye to all that I've known at this amazing hub of creativity and exploration. House & Home was my very first job outside of university – I started as an intern and decorated my little hallway office with a fern, lucite side table and vintage wallpaper-covered inspiration board. I was telling H&H I was here to stay. And I did.
Within two months of starting as the editorial intern I was producing my first story and was published for the very first time. I'll always remember this story and shoot with fondness. People still tease me about my little title, "Neoclassical Now" a big trend for 2008!
From then on, I hit the ground running, attempting to make my mark in the editorial landscape with sunny, optimistic designs and a can-do approach. Since my own decorating budget was tiny, I often improvised with DIY projects and this became part of my niche at H&H and allowed me to take on some exciting stories. By June of 2009, my own little apartment – my first place with my new wife Sara (I got married as an intern!) was published and featured many of my make-do and DIY techniques. It was my first cover!
Over the next few years I spread my creative wings and had some fun injecting some colour and budget finds into the magazine, making the most of each story and hoping to inspire our readers. In fact, I was pretty inspired myself by working with such a dedicated and talented team. The small group that makes up the editorial team at House & Home is full of warm, stylish, creative and hilarious people who I'm proud to call my friends. It was the first place I'd ever been where I was surrounded by people who really got me and where I was coming from. I didn't have to explain why a vintage find got me so fired up, nor restrain my enthusiasm for a certain paint colour. They were just as excited and joined me in gushing about style, decorating, DIY and the latest mags on the new stands. Below are some of my favourite stories and rooms created for House & Home. (Check out the portfolio tab above for more.)
Another special highlight was decorating the condo of an H&H colleague for a special issue. Using the existing modern shell (and keeping it untouched) but layering it up with vintage and global finds transformed this box in the sky to a real home that reflected the owner and her life.
This spring was another highlight for my career at H&H – Sara and I had our first house published in the June issue. Once again filled with affordable tips and tricks (a necessity around our house!) and inspired by the traditional colours and motifs of Maine and the northeastern coast, our house is truly a home and yes, it actually looks like this! I can count on one hand the fancy props we borrowed for the shoot and trust me, they are minor. Fancy photography never hurt though…
It's been a wild and wonderful ride. I'll never forget the amazing transformations we created – taking a blank studio with concrete floors and turning it into a warm and inspiring living space. Just like this one…
The transformations alway seemed truly magical!
And so, with only four days to go, I bid farewell to my home away from home – my House & Home. A new chapter begins.


text:
|Reviews for The Need to Be Needed
| missbabblingbrook21 chapter 1 . 7/6/2012
ahhhhh this is just adorable I really love this pairing but their are like no other stories about them and yours is just adorable and cute and fluffy.
xXx Missbabblingbrook21
| Angel Peach Blossom chapter 1 . 3/23/2011
As a Mary fan, I had to look at this.
I must say, I am quite impressed with this. I think at times you could have used a little more description, but still, what you gave us was enough to paint a picture, and I'm happy about that.
As Mary is a shy girl, I can see how it would be difficult for others not to know the real Mary. My only complaint is that her parents are the same. I know that can happen, but I don't think it makes sense for them not to know the real Mary. I'm sure she doesn't hide from them. They are her parents after all!
I like the idea of Mary x Tim/Trent, because it gives a bit of variety. However, I can't say if this was developed enough for me. It seemed the only time we get a bigger conversation with them is in the end of the story. So, I can't say for sure if it worked or not, since we only get a description of earlier events, and not actual scenes.
On a positive note, however, your spelling and grammar was pretty good! I didn't notice any problems there!
Again, your choice of pairing makes for nice variety. I'm sure you've noticed all of the Vaughn, Chase and Gill stories that have been popping up lately. There is hardly any variety here. Yet, even though this story was written a couple years ago, this one is unique with the pairing choice alone!
I did like the conversation in the end too. I like how Mary and Tim were able to tell each other how they really felt. I thought that was great, and written very well!
Keep up the good work!
| Whimsynaut chapter 1 . 6/19/2009
Aw! I love little Mary! She's so sweet! Nice job!
Peace and Icing-
| carlmuz chapter 1 . 11/16/2008
This is so sweet! I like it!
| DragonDamsel chapter 1 . 9/4/2008
Yes! A Tim x Mary fic! I love that couple and boy I never expect to find a fic about it. I like how you built up Mary's thoughts and feelings. How she want a fairy tale ending, and her being shy but need to be needed. It's really well thought out. The only complaint I has is that Tim chose her too suddenly. Maybe he should try going out with her first or something.
| Charxelle chapter 1 . 5/13/2008
Your need to be needed was great! I never thought Doctor would be paired up so beautifully with someone other than Claire and Elli! 100 pointz! _
One downside though, no offense. Doctor ...showed up too suddenly. He had no real motive to go to Mother's Peak. Maybe you should've put a side-story like : At that time Doctor needed some herbs for the next day etc. You get me?
Will there be more chaps? Please make more, if not. Your writing is great and you really emphasized Mary's sadness.
- Charxelle
| Momo-chan12 chapter 1 . 11/24/2007
I loved it!_ This is such an adoreable pairing, now that I think about it MaryxTim is one of the cutest pairings in the game! I love this pairing now XD! It was amazing and I think you did a wonderful job with it, espicall describing Mary's emotions, I felt like I could understand her more clearly. I demand more stories lol! You're so talented at writing and I love the way you write! I hope to read more from you soon~
| The Scarlet Sky chapter 1 . 10/17/2007
Guess what? This story has made its way into a nifty little C2. Yup, it's that good.
Aw, poor wittle Mary. But she made her stand. I'm so proud of that librarian. (smiles) I actually said "Aw, poor Mary!" out loud while reading her mother's hurtful comment.
Dude...I have no words to describe how much I loved this. I really don't. You portrayed my fav Mineral Town girl with ease, and I applaud you.
| NinjaMatt0 chapter 1 . 10/16/2007
I really don't think you could have chose a better title for this story. I love it, I wouldn't mind seeing more Mary-ness from you.
Good work cap'n!
| Ekoaleko chapter 1 . 10/15/2007
Haha. I was so excited when I saw your name pop up in the new stories section XD I thought this was great... DEFINITELY romance angst potential. I find it purely infuriating that not even Mary's parents had faith in her...but it all just adds to the drama. Plus Mary's outburst was inexplicably hilarious XD I thought it would've made a much better drama if Tim had walked out on her but either way, I love it.


text:
User Reviews
Displaying 1 - 10 of 35 1993 Ford Ranger reviews.
CarGurus https://www.cargurus.com
1993 Ford Ranger XLT Standard Cab SBReview
Betsy — I bought it 3 yrs ago for 2300.00 and got my monies worth but I have recently had to put more money into it because I am a courier and I do 150- 250 miles a day driving. I hope I can keep her running for another two yrs.
Primary Use: Utility (towing boats, transporting cargo, etc.)
Pros: A virtual work horse, runs great when it runs.
Cons: Would not have so many issues.
CarGurus https://www.cargurus.com
1993 Ford Ranger XLT Standard Cab SBReview
Very Nice — it needs a paint job, it runs great. it is a four cylinder. Has a good bit of power for it. It cost me $900 to buy it. It takes $35 to fill it up. Can haul 2,00 pounds. This car is very fun to drive. It is a 5 speed.
Primary Use: Commuting to work
Pros: great on gas and 5 speed
Cons: not 4x4
CarGurus https://www.cargurus.com
1993 Ford Ranger XLT Standard Cab SBReview
Best — Best Vehicle ever owned looking to totally restore it this summers. great little truck lots of power for a 4 cylinder pulled out a 1978 bronco that has sat for years with just 300 xtra pounds in the back for traction. put new clutch in all new bearings in and a new master cylinder and it drives and handles like a dream
Primary Use: Utility (towing boats, transporting cargo, etc.)
Pros: its a ford
Cons: none
CarGurus https://www.cargurus.com
1993 Ford Ranger XLT Extended Cab SBReview
Perfect — prefect truck to start out wit it has the V6 4L it gets around 18 miles to the gallon it has been maintained really well it is a fun car to drive because it just cruises only lil thing wrong is when u take off it shakes arund
Primary Use: Sport/fun (spirited driving, track racing, off-roading, etc.)
Pros: the size
Cons: cant tow alot
CarGurus https://www.cargurus.com
1993 Ford Ranger XL Standard Cab LBReview
2,500 — My brake lights do not light up when the brake pedal is depressed. It is only a four cylinder so it doesnt have to much power but it does get excellent mpg. It does look very stylish. i just have to drop a 350 small block in it and un-ghetto some of the things i have done on it. But it is very loud with dual exhaust and glass packs on each pipe and no muffler or catalytic converter. Enough to make the windows on a cop car vibrate wen u drive by topping second gear out. its only got 135,000.
Primary Use: Commuting to work
Pros: Its a manual so its really fun.
Cons: Buy it! dont avoid it!
CarGurus https://www.cargurus.com
1993 Ford Ranger XLT Extended Cab SBReview
CarGurus https://www.cargurus.com
1993 Ford Ranger XLT Standard Cab SBReview
Totally Love This Car — No top speed.Fun to drive especially if you enjoy driving stick. but it will not go fast at all. cost of ownership is definitely cheap and i would recomend to anyone. Fuel efficiency is definitely great especially for a truck
Primary Use: Commuting to work
Pros: fuel efficient
Cons: top heavy
CarGurus https://www.cargurus.com
1993 Ford Ranger Splash Standard Cab Stepside 4WD SBReview
Awesome — Factory motor is good but i would upgrade. Easy to lift and maintenance is easy. Lots of add ons to buy on the truck. Head turner for sure. Last as long as you want as long as you maintain maintenance.
Primary Use: Sport/fun (spirited driving, track racing, off-roading, etc.)
Pros: Lifted, Torque
Cons: Small
CarGurus https://www.cargurus.com
1993 Ford Ranger Splash Standard Cab Stepside 4WD SBReview
Its A Beast — performce was great in it day,acceleration great in it day,brake good in its day handling good for a truck, replaced, waterpump, radiater and ac went out in 04 heatcore in 06. i have only run this car in to the ground and it still going putting only oil and gas in it. 170,000 miles fuel injecter went in 07, i've haven't change atf fluid in 80,000 its has oil coolint and tranny leaks and it get 12 mile to the gaoline high way but it still work. brake boost in late 09
Primary Use: Utility (towing boats, transporting cargo, etc.)
Pros: this thing is a beast take care of it and it will late forever
Cons: nothing to come plain about
CarGurus https://www.cargurus.com
1993 Ford Ranger Sport Standard Cab 4WD SBReview
Displaying 1 - 10 of 35 1993 Ford Ranger reviews.
Reviews From Other Years
2011 Ford Ranger Reviews
Overall Great Vehicle
I like the dependability of this vehicle. I purchased it because I had previously owned a 2001 Ford Ranger that lasted me 10 years 225,000 miles. The 4.0 V6 engine is very strong and the towing capaci... Read More
2011 Ford Ranger Supercab Sport
One of the main reasons I need to get rid of it is the fact that it isnt a family vehicle and I really need more space for car seats. It does not have a bed liner. It accelerates very smoothly and has... Read More
2010 Ford Ranger Reviews
Acts and drives like a small truck. Doesn't pretend to be anything other than a truck. No mushy car like ride. Provides good utility. Daily driver. Road and cabin noise is louder than normal. Fr... Read More
Great Starter Truck.
I like the small size and good fuel milage. it is easy to drive and handel, that is why is a great starter vehicle. Not enough room for many passergers. overall a good pick up truck for a young driver... Read More
2009 Ford Ranger Reviews
Great Compact Truck
Power dome hood looks great in black. 4ad is easy to operate and works great. Good hauling capacity and a reliable truck. It's my 3rd and I had 210,000 miles on the last one and it still looked grea... Read More
Good Looker
I liked the sporty look of the hood and fender flairs. The color is very pleasing as well as the interior color. The Rally Gauge Cluster gave interior a sporty look as well and was surprised that it... Read More
2008 Ford Ranger Reviews
I love this truck - it drives great, and the Grabber Orange color makes it a head-turner. It is fun to drive, and does a good job at towing. The only down-side is I wish it had "real" rear seats, rath... Read More
Great Little Truck!
very dependable,its my 3rd ranger.there tough,never had any issues with them,there great off roaders,they hauls very well for a small truck. hauls my 3 atv in my 7x14 trailer and packed for a fami... Read More
2007 Ford Ranger Reviews
Great Truck, Very Fun To Drive, And To Keep Clean (well I Enjoy It Anyways)
I love my truck what can I say... She has given me some problems but always comes out stronger in the end! She has about 65k miles in her right now and I have people come up to me ans ask if its brand... Read More
Love My Truck, The Only Thing Is That The Double Cabs Should Come Out In 3ltr As Standard Though.
Performance - acceleration - Great, braking - Needs ABS and EBS, handling - Great Build Quality - has it needed repairs? - No repairs, squeaks/rattles - None Appearance - interior - basic and functio... Read More
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|SJ23 Tech Tip F05, (Updated 2014-06-21, B. Schimmel)
Mainsail Reefing Systems - Dual and Single Line Jiffy Reefing.
|Most sailors will stay in protected water during lousy
weather claiming they don't have decent reefing on the mainsail.
This is OK until Mother nature gets angry and you have to deal with what
she hands out. Being able to reef the mainsail quickly is
sort of important when the weather turns nasty!
This is a time for acting, not thinking. The factory
reefing arrangement works OK but a crew has to go to the mast to set the first reef tack cringle on the
rams horn hook and then pull the clew line in. The Problem with
this system is that the sail has to be dropped out of its track. The trip to the
mast must be coordinated with the
helmsman. Reefing is usually easier with crew on board but I wouldn't count on
them if they are green horns. You can only watch anxious crew dance around on the coach roof
for so long, entertaining as they may be, before you have to do
something and quick! Sailing in heavy weather
can humble a crew and sailing solo usually adds a
few twists that you may not have thought of. Staying within the safety
of the cockpit helps to avoid risks, which means the reefing lines must
be extended to the cockpit. This demands that the system be well
engineered and the process well thought through, unless
you enjoy entertaining as well! To determine which reefing system
you want on your boat you have to decide where you want to control the
lines lead to; cockpit, mid boom or mast.
Described here are two typical cockpit lead mainsail reefing systems that can be installed on an SJ23. There are variations of these that tend to be complicated but I prefer a simple and functional system. If you are unsure which one to choose, try using the system on a similar boat. That way you can experience the pros and cons before you spend your hard earned cash or perforate your boom with unnecessary holes. The biggest hurdle to overcome is not pulling in the reef, but releasing it. That is why some people opt to keep the free ends of the reefing lines on the boom. This system has the least internal resistance, is the cheapest to install but requires you to crawl to the mast to adjust the lines. I prefer to stay in the cockpit when I'm sailing solo which is why I lead the lines to the cockpit. Having used the single line system I can tell you that the dual line system works way better, which is why I mention it first.
DUAL LINE REEFING SYSTEM, (Separate Tack and Clew Lines) - The biggest advantages of a dual line system is that it has the least internal friction and the tack and clew lines can be controlled independently, making it easier to use than the single line system. The dual line system is depicted below, mainsail hoisted on the left and reefed on the right. For the sake of simplicity the lines for the second reef are not shown but they are shown in my drawing further below. The clew block (marked A on the boom) is positioned so the reef line intersects the strain (reefed sail) at about 450. If the position of the SJ23 boom on the mast is fixed then the tack eyelet should be positioned on the mast, about even with the bottom of the boom. This intersects the strain at about 600 (reefed sail) with most of the force being upward along the luff. The tack cringle will slide across the tack reef line when the boom swings, therefore it is OK to leave a bit of slack when the tack line is set. A perfectly packed, efficient sail isn't required for a reef since there is too much wind anyway. However, you should flatten it with foot tension as much as possible to reduce lift.
If you want the SJ23 boom to slide down the mast in heavy weather then the tack line fairleads must be installed on the boom instead of the mast. In this case you will have to mount the fairleads as far forward on the boom as possible. This configuration isn't that conducive to efficient reefing. I far prefer the fairleads to be mounted on the mast. Your choice.
The reef lines (tack/clew) should be
colour coded so you pull the correct
line. The rope clutches or
cleats (first reef/second
reef) should be labelled so
you release the correct one. Of less significance is the colour
of the mid tie down lines. Don't use red line as it becomes black at night and therefore difficult
for most elderly gentlemen to see. Personally I like
the "hot" lime and green colours because I find them easy to see at night.
2014-06-21 Update - I've had it with a single line reefing system. Both systems I've installed don't work due to too much internal friction. I was hopeful though. So I tore it out and installed a dual line reefing system using 1/4" polyester lines.
An SJ23 has very little deck space to run these lines back to the cockpit so one has to be careful with the design. To determine if it can fit and work effectively on the tight deck space I did a trial installation by doubling up the lines through the existing single mast base blocks, deck turning blocks and rope clutches. It fit, it worked and I learned a few things in the process:
These two facts meant that I have to install separate blocks for each line. The
slightly higher internal friction of the doubled up lines was acceptable as
an experiment. The first time I used this system I set
and released two reefs in five minutes; quicker if I didn't have to
explain it to the dock watchers! Click here
for a description of how the system works. The system worked well
enough that it can only improve by installing
individual blocks and rope clutches.
The real test of a reefing system is to
set and release a reef quickly.
photos of my final installation say it all.
|At the deck turning blocks I ran the two blue tack lines under the hand grip to
turn aft to the rope clutches since there is not enough space to run all
lines inside the hand grip. The mounting holes through the deck for these turning
blocks were epoxied and sealed with butyl rubber. Similarly the
foot print under each block was sealed to the deck with butyl rubber.
|The reefing lines on the port side of the mast run through
individual blocks to
minimize internal friction. The blocks are labelled on the mast to identify which line goes through which block on launch day.
The front double block is for the two blue tack lines and the aft double block is for the two
white clew lines. It is the natural way they run.
Below are the photos of the port and starboard decks incorporating aluminum fairleads between the deck turning blocks and the Easylock I rope clutches. They keep the lines from rubbing the gel coat off the pods that support the hand grips. The screw holes are epoxy saturated and sealed with butyl rubber.
|The center black rope clutch is for the main halyard and
divides the tack lines on the left from the clew lines on the right.
To create some logic with this arrangement, the
red lockers are for reef 1
and the green lockers are for
reef 2. It is quite easy to pull the tack and clew of reef 1 lines at
the same time so this reef comes down real quick. Then pull in the
slack of reef 2 lines. This was a pleasant surprise to me.
It is important to pull in the slack so the clew line doesn't get snarled
up on the end of the boom. Shaking out a reef is not quite as easy but a quick way out for now is to pull the
lines forward at the mast. I still have a
few bugs to iron out.
Below is a sketch of how the first (lower) and second (upper) reefing lines should be installed on a SJ23 using the two line reefing system, tack and clew. Each reef point is about two feet deep and parallel to the boom. The second reef line is usually omitted from many reefing diagrams but for the sake of clarity I've shown both here. Somehow the gurus expect you to figure this out! Having said that, the lines on the port side of the sails are omitted since including them challenges the drawing ability of my software. However, it is shown in the Harken diagrams above. So there you go, guess I'm just as guilty.
CUNNINGHAM - This line is not shown because the drawing would become too cluttered. However, the cunningham cringle is shown, being the cringle just above the goose neck. There are several ways to pull this cringle down. You can run a line through this cringle similar to a tack reefing line described above. Alternatively you can slip a stainless tack hook (with line attached) in the cringle and pull the line down to tighten the luff. The purpose of this tension is to flatten the mainsail to match higher wind speeds. It is a useful technique for racing where tenths of a knot may allow you to win. In cruising I seldom bother with the Cunningham.
TACK LINE DEAD END - As mentioned above you have to determine if the tack lines on your boat are to be attached to the mast (shown on diagram) or to the boom. Regardless of which location, the dead end of a tack line is tied to a strap eye on one side, passes up through its respective cringle and down the opposite side through a fairlead and finally down to the turning block at the base of the mast if you want to terminate the line in the cockpit. Since the majority of the sail cloth is bundled on top of the boom it is important to keep the lines away from the cloth so they slide freely. This is why many people prefer to install the tack lines on the mast instead of the boom. I have transferred Panache's lines from the boom to the mast for the same reason.
CLEW LINE - The dead end of each clew line is tied to the pin of the turning block installed on the end of the boom. From there it goes under the boom and up to its respective clew cringle, then down through the same turning block on the boom. This balances the load on this turning block and creates a 2:1 mechanical advantage for pulling sail cloth. With the reefing line around the boom it also transfers the some of the load to the boom. Since there is limited space to install two turning blocks on the same side of the boom, the block for the second reef is usually installed on the opposite side. The clew line then goes forward to a turning block hung from the bottom of the boom at the goose neck. This greatly reduces the internal friction of the clew line since it can align with the direction of the pull to the deck block.
Hope this explains the rational behind the 2 line reefing system. The tack and clew lines terminate in their respective rope clutches installed on the cabin roof back at the cockpit.
The usual reefing procedure for a 2 lines system is as follows:
Here are some extra tips you will find useful.
LINE REEFING SYSTEM, (One
loooooong tack and clew
line) - A
single reefing line is simpler to install but more difficult to
operate on a pocket cruiser due to lots of internal friction.
When a reef is set you end up with lots of line in the cockpit, which can be a nuisance
but doable if you stuff it in a bag.
The first reef should be a different colour than the second reef and the cam cleat
should be labelled to eliminate confusion when the hull is heeling too
much. The problem with
this system is
internal friction through the cringles, blocks, and against the sail cloth
bundled on the boom. I have never been able to pull the reef line to
fully lower the sail to the boom. It always requires a trip to the mast to
fiddle with the lines or tuck cloth in. Just the trip I'm trying to
The usual reefing procedure for a single line system is as follows:
There are many variations of these two systems. Some
sailors will dispense with leading the lines to the cockpit, preferring to
them on the front of the boom or on the mast. While this system
works very well, it necessitates going to the mast which may be difficult
if you sail solo. In this case you better have
a tiller tamer, auto helm or be very quick! Years ago I used this technique on
my previous boat but usually delayed the trip to the mast hoping that
the wind would subside. It almost never did!
NOTE: I borrowed the diagrams from
the nice folks at Harken.
Return to Tech Tip Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Have a Question?


text:
Madoff review targets SEC e-mails
- |
WASHINGTON - The Securities and Exchange Commission's inspector general has reviewed e-mails from employees in an investigation of the agency's failure to detect Bernard Madoff's $65 billion Ponzi scheme.
The Office of Inspector General, led by H. David Kotz, ordered the SEC to turn over communications from at least 27 employees who "had involvement" with examinations and inspections of Madoff's investment and securities firm, Kotz reported to Congress. His office has "substantially reviewed" more than 1.3 million e-mails.
Then-SEC chairman Christopher Cox ordered the review in December after saying the agency had failed to catch Madoff for at least a decade amid "credible and specific allegations" he was defrauding investors.
Kotz, who said his investigation should be completed in August, wrote that he ordered e-mail providers to preserve the personal accounts of "several individuals." He hired a consulting firm with expertise in forensic accounting to review reports produced by the Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations. The examinations office inspected Madoff's firm seven times in 11 years, the report said.
As of March 31, Kotz said, his office had interviewed 44 witnesses and planned "numerous, additional" interviews in April and May. His report did not say what information was disclosed in the interviews or e-mail reviews.
Madoff, 71, pleaded guilty in March to a massive fraud in which he paid off old investors with money raised from new clients. He will be sentenced this month and may face up to 150 years in prison.


text:
Garvies Point Museum and Preserve
Cause Areas
WhenIt's flexible! We'll work with your schedule.
Where50 Barry DriveGlen Cove, NY 11542
A museum and nature preserve emphasizing the geology of Long Island and American Indian archaeology..
- Environmental Education
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- Anthropology
Good Match For
Kids Teens People 55+ Group
Requirements & Commitment
- Must be at least 14
- Orientation or Training
- 3-4 hours a week.


text:
Mumbai, Feb. 7 -- Back in 2008, they were involved in possibly the most-talkedabout fight in Bollywood. Of late, however, Shah Rukh Khan and Salman Khan's relationship is seemingly starting to thaw.
Last month, the two 'warring' superstars hugged for the second time at an awards show (in 2013, too, they had embraced each other at an Iftar party) besides indulging in a warm conversation.
Interestingly though, even as SRK and Salman move forward, the latter's younger brother, Sohail reveals that this patch-up has left many people in a quandary.
"Whoever tried to choose a particular 'side' or 'camp' at that time (when the two fought), I don't know where they are today. Unko dar lagta hai ki abhi woh kya kare... woh yahan, wahan bhaagte hai (they are afraid about what they should do now... they are in a fix)," says Sohail.
Calling the infamous incident "just an argument between two friends", the actor-director adds that "now, whenever and wherever they bump into each other, they are respectful towards one another." He further adds, "Touch wood, they have started exchanging pleasantries. And anyway, why would anybody want to encourage the negativity? In fact, the rest of us fight t a lot more but it never gets noticed."
According to Sohail, the spat is an "old story" y" now. "But even today, whenever something happens between other r people, it's said that a fight has happened between two stars the way Shah Rukh and Salman n fought (sic). They are such big stars that they havee to be extremely careful at each and every step," says ays the 43-year-old adding that his wife, Seema Khan and SRK's wife, Gauri have been friends for years.
"So I have a very decent and polite e relationship with Shah Rukh bhai. And that should always be the case," says ys Sohail.


text:
Those of us who want to see racism on its way out need to realize that others benefit greatly from crying racism. They benefit politically, financially, and socially.Barack Obama has been allied with such people for decades. He found it expedient to appeal to a wider electorate as a post-racial candidate, just as he has found it expedient to say a lot of other popular things about campaign finance, about transparency in government, about not rushing legislation through Congress without having it first posted on the Internet long enough to be studied all of which turned to be the direct opposite of what he has actually done after getting elected.With race as with campaign finance, transparency, and the rest Barack Obama knows what the public wants to hear, and that is what he has said. But his policies as president have been the opposite of his rhetoric, with race as with other issues....For those who are interested in facts and these obviously do not include President Obama there has been a serious study of racial profiling in a book titled Are Cops Racist? by Heather Mac Donald. Her analysis of the data shows how this issue has long been distorted beyond recognition by politics.The racial-profiling issue is a great vote-getter. And if it polarizes the society, that is a price that politicians are willing to pay in order to get votes. Academics who run black-studies departments, as Prof. Henry Louis Gates does, likewise have a vested interest in racial paranoia.A Post-Racial President? by Thomas Sowell
Barack Obama knows what the public wants to hear, and that is what he has said. But his policies as president have been the opposite of his rhetoric, with race as with other issues.
When people get together, they start thinking of ways to use the group to keep threats away. This quickly becomes its own form of consensual reality. Eventually, this replaces reality, and honest mention of reality is seen as a threat.
Companies pay out reasonable salaries, protect their people with benefits and commonly even a private security staff.
There is nothing illegal about CEO salaries.
Many of the means used to generate money for executives are illegal or are grey areas.


text:
Applied Methodology for Organisational Analysis
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Yesterday I sat down with Matt Danner and had him walk us through how PluginBuddy Mobile works and six minutes later he had created an entire iPhone version of Cory Miller's personal blog. Mobile is simple to understand, easy to use, and allows for quick creation of mobile device websites and blogs. Hopefully this video helps you better understand just how powerful it is!
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Sunday, 4 October 2009
Don't Sweat It
I have fallen in love with this sequined rabbit jumper from French Connection (£45), which by the looks of the website is selling out fast! It's often very difficult to find stylish casual jumpers for lazy days but this fits the bill perfectly.
Posted by T-Shirt and Tails at 6:21 pm
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December 14, 2005
US Scientist Further Questions Korean Clone Study
By Maggie Fox, Health and Science Correspondent
WASHINGTON -- A U.S. stem cell expert who lent his name and credibility to South Korean cloning pioneers asked that his name be removed from their landmark scientific paper on Tuesday and questioned whether the work had been falsified.Dr. Gerald Schatten of the University of Pittsburgh asked the journal Science to take his name off a human cloning study published by Woo Suk Hwang and colleagues at Seoul National University in May of 2005.
Hwang and colleagues made history in 2004 when they reported they had cloned the first human embryo -- not to make a baby, but to derive embryonic stem cells for scientific and medical research.
In May of 2005 they reported they had cloned cells from people with diseases, to make batches of cells useful for studying those diseases. And in August they cloned the first dog, Snuppy.
The accomplishments put Hwang and South Korea at the forefront of cloning and stem cell research at a time when U.S. politics and a debate over the ethics of cloning humans are limiting efforts.
"My careful re-evaluations of published figures and tables, along with new problematic information, now casts substantial doubts about the paper's accuracy," Schatten said in a letter to Science, also released to Reuters.
"Over the weekend, I received allegations from someone involved with the experiments that certain elements of the report may be fabricated."
He gave no further details.
Science said it was declining to remove Schatten's name from the paper. "There is no method for retracting authorship," Science said in a statement.
"As of this writing, Science is not aware of any scientists claiming that the data are fraudulent."
But Dr. Robert Lanza of Massachusetts-based Advanced Cell Technology, who is also trying to clone human embryos, said he had doubts. "Why are the Koreans refusing to have their samples retested? This doesn't smell right," Lanza said in an e-mail to Reuters.
Lanza signed a letter to Science along with other cloning researchers, including the scientists who cloned Dolly the sheep in 1997, calling on Hwang to submit his work for scientific confirmation.
"Accusations made in the press about the validity of the experiments published in South Korea are, in our opinion, best resolved within the scientific community," the scientists, including Dolly cloners Ian Wilmut of Edinburgh University and Keith Campbell of Nottingham University, wrote.
They noted that the first reports about Dolly, the first mammal cloned from an adult cell, were also questioned.
"As we (Wilmut & Campbell) confirmed the validity of our work by cooperating with an independent study, we encourage Hwang's laboratory to cooperate with us to perform an independent test of his cell lines to determine their nuclear and mitochondrial genotype in comparison with the donors of the original cells," the researchers wrote.
Seoul National University official Roe Jung-hye said on Monday that experts from the university would lead an investigation and conduct DNA tests on Hwang's tailored stem cell lines.
The storm about Hwang's work started when Schatten discovered that, contrary to published statements, two women who donated egg cells for the cloning experiment had been paid. He alerted Science and Nature, which published two studies by Hwang, and stepped down from the board of a proposed World Stem Cell hub.
Controversy built further when South Korean media questioned the veracity of Hwang's work.
Then Hwang pointed out errors in his paper in Science, concerning duplications in tables and figures but not in data. But media again splashed the news, and Hwang ended up publicly in the hospital, looking haggard and exhausted.


text:
Name: Taenaraen Silvershield
Race: Blood Elf
Class: Blood Knight (Paladin)
Gender: Male
Age: 73
Apparent Age Group: Adult (25-30)
Hair: Black, worn long and brushed backwards.
Eyes: Green
Skin: Pale
Facial Hair: N/A
Notable Markings: The national symbol of Silvermoon tattooed in red on his left shoulder, various small scars on his face and chest gained from various sources. None so outstanding that they immediately jump to the eye.
Weapon of Choice: Blood-Tempered Ranseur.
Armor: A set of blessed plate mail gained from the order for service to Silvermoon.
Profession: Adventurer, formerly a member of Quel'Thalas's standing military.
Taen was born to a Farstrider, and a noblewoman who fell to that typical love story. His father was reasonably distinguished among the rangers for his age, and came from a reasonably well-off family, so there were few objections to the couple. When Taenaraen was old enough to begin training, he displayed far more proficiency with a sword and spear than he did with a bow, and was thus trained as a swordsman.
His life was, in short, uneventful until the Second War, when the orcs began attacking Quel'Thalas. Rather than be sent to the front lines to fight the Horde alongside the elves' newfound human, gnome, and dwarf allies, a young Taenaraen was tasked with keeping the peace (a convenient way, his mentors decided, to keep him out of harm's way while avoiding making him feel coddled) and helping the city guard should any orcs break through and enter the city proper. For days, the siege continued, and every day the high elves would pull further back into the city as a precaution. Finally, though, it seemed the orcs decided to turn their eyes elsewhere, and Taen joined in on the rebuilding efforts, mainly helping erect new buildings, or act as a courier.
Again, life became largely uneventful in Quel'Thalas aside from the odd Amani attack, which the Farstriders typically dealt with before the military was needed. Then the nightmare of the Third War hit Quel'Thalas. By now, Taen was old enough to enter battle, and did so proudly in the name of Silvermoon. What he wasn't prepared for, though, was watching his homeland fall, inch by inch, to the undead army, nor for seeing people he'd known and loved rise as puppets for the enemy. Once Sylvanas fell, the majority of the survivors turned and fled to Silvermoon, where Taenaraen hurriedly gathered essentials from his home, and set out for the Isle of Quel'danas alongside what remained of Quel'thalas's standing army.
As the Scourge arrived on the Isle's shores, Taen's superior officer, a grizzled veteran who had earned his position through blood, sweat, and tears rather than coasting on his family's reputation, ordered those within earshot to commandeer the nearest ship and set sail for southern waters to find their prince. That officer instated a young woman, who had an impressive track record for keeping a cool head in worst-case scenarios, in charge and stayed behind to fend off any pursuers. Taenaraen was the first to pledge himself to her, followed by the others on the boat. All of them were terrified, reeling in shock from the week's events, and many were grieving for lost friends and family.
Taenaraen had lost track of how long they'd been sailing and living off of what they could find on the sea, sometimes raiding derelict ships for what fresh food may remain onboard. Each time, they found themselves respectfully interring corpses to a burial at sea. Finally, they made landfall and found their prince alongside two women who looked similar to an elf, but were tall, purple, and well-muscled. The elf in charge gave her report, and Kael'thas's face went sickly pale. Kael ordered those present to break camp for the night--to much protesting from one of the strange women--and had the elf give a full briefing. One of the strange elves' subordinates, an archer, spent much of the night questioning Taenaraen, when he was awake, about how they'd gotten there and what the situation was like in Lordaeron and above. Her face, too, went pale as the weary, heartsick warrior told his tale.
They soon enough reached the ruins of Dalaran, the night elves had since bid them farewell after Kael had given them the aid of the rechristened blood elves. Many of them were on edge, their chests tightening painfully from time to time at what they believed at the time was the loss of their homeland. Kael and the human commander exchanged words, and the mission was underway.
The next few weeks were little better than a nightmare for Taenaraen. When the blood elves weren't trying to fulfill impossible orders, only succeeding with the help of the same naga they'd been attacking what seemed like a lifetime ago, they were dealing with Garithos's racism and having all support withdrawn at the worst moment. The blood elves had learned their pains were from being so suddenly cut off from the now-corrupted Sunwell, that they had been addicted to the Sunwell's energies and they were suffering from withdrawal. Garithos, somehow, learned that Kael had accepted aid from the naga in order to survive and ordered them all imprisoned, to be executed.
Taen wasn't sure how his prince managed it, but when he, the leader of the naga, several swordsmen, spellbreakers, and one haggard-looking priest broke down his cell door, he was all too happy to be out of that prison cell. However, he could barely lift his shield, and this left that and his helm behind, gripping his longsword in both hands and praying silently to the Light. During his time in that cell, he had come to the conclusion that this was a test of his peoples' faith, and had put his trust fully in the Light's judgement. Were he to die, then he would die with pride and faith intact.
What he wasn't expecting, however, was for Kael'thas to pull his advisor Rommath and several others, Taen included, aside, and tell them to return to Silvermoon, aid what blood elves were left in rebuilding. One of those present was the cool-headed elf who led the survivors of the slaughter at the Sunwell to Kael'thas, who he'd learned was one Lady Liadrin. Her, Kael'thas tasked with finding a means to employ the paladins he'd seen the humans use, having noted the devastating effectiveness with which they dealt with the Horde before.
Again, Taen pledged himself to Liadrin, and began training as what she began calling the blood knights. Always, he kept his faith, even though the mana he and the rest of his people had been taking in began to change them: their eyes turned green, their skin took on a pinkish tint, and many of them fell fully to their addictions, becoming what they called Wretched. Taenaraen saw the blood knights, what had begun with good intentions, slowly fall to corruption as they captured a glorious being, a Naaru he later learned it was called. He spoke at length of his objections, and was asked to keep his views to himself until Silvermoon had gotten back on its feet.
What none in Silvermoon were prepared for, though, was for the prince they'd put their trust in to betray them, taking the Naaru and leaving many dead in the streets. The Regent-Lord and Liadrin both began dedicating themselves to keeping the peace and keeping morale up, something Taenaraen threw himself into fully. When Liadrin went to Outland, to pledge herself in the efforts to retake the Sunwell, many blood knights joined the coalition that had been formed, the Shattered Sun Offensive. For the next month, perhaps more, Taen trained, and inch by inch he and the rest of the Offensive took the fight to the doorsteps of the Magister's Terrace, and the Sunwell. Taen could bear to participate in neither assault, for he had no desire to see what had caused his prince to fall so far, so fast. Instead, he accompanied Lady Liadrin and when she began sermoning in Silvermoon City, Taenaraen once again wore the tabard of the Blood Knights with pride. When Liadrin began sermoning in the retaken Sunwell, Taenaraen took up sermons in Silvermoon City, his heart singing for the first time in years.
Taenaraen did not participate in the Horde's offensive in Northrend, instead joining the Argent Crusade and helping train other Blood Knights for the attack on Icecrown Citadel. Much of his spare time was spent in the hurriedly-erected tent that served as a chapel at the tournament grounds, where he would confess his doubts and fears to the Confessor, or spend time praying for the strength to continue fighting his addiction pains. Finally, word arrived that the Lich King had fallen. One blood elf came in on her training appointment, tears shining in her eyes, and said four words that Taen had longed to hear: "We can go home."