text:
Memoirs of a Yugoslav liberal politician
Pre-war Austria, First World War, Liberated Yugoslavia, Fighting communist Infiltration, Second World War, Occupation, Mihajlović's resistance, communist revolution, Gestapo prisons, Emigration, Refugee camps, Emigrating to America, Émigré politics and Slovenian Democratic Party in exile, Yugoslav Sokol in the Free World.
Was there an alternative to communism
and the breakup of Yugoslavia?
Ladislav Bevc
366 pages, 47 photographs
Publisher: JUTRO, Ljubljana
8,000 SIT (US$ 45); Order from:
Jutro d.o.o., Črnuška c. 3, p.p. 4986, 1001 Ljubljana
Telephone 386 1 561-72-30, 386 41 698-788,
Telefaks 386 1 561-72-35
E-pošta: email@example.com • WWW.JUTRO.SI
Ladislav Bevc:
In Encounter
of May 1983, Nikolai Tolstoy published a documentary paper
The Klagenfurt Conspiracy
1 in which he describes the actions of British diplomats and military authorities in 1945 when thousands of Cossacks, Byelorussians, and Yugoslavs were shipped from refugee camps in Austria to their death at the hands of Stalin and Tito.2 The following concerns primarily the fate of the Slovenians who took refuge under the British flag at the camps near Lienz and Vetrinj which very nearly became my own.
When it became apparent that the communist takeover of Slovenia was imminent most of the members of the Slovenian National Committee decided to leave Ljubljana and try to reach the Allies in Austria. Early in the afternoon on May 5, 1945 I left Ljubljana by car and headed toward Ljubelj. There were five of us in the car. We were on our own and, contrary to the communist insinuations, had no connection whatever with the retreating Germans. Late in the afternoon we reached Ljubelj and pulled into the entrance of the railway tunnel connecting Carniola and Carinthia under the Karavanke Alps. We slept in the car which, incidentally, became inoperative because a saboteur put sugar into the gasoline. We managed to correct this during the evening and next morning we drove via Borovlje, Celovec, Beljak, Spittal and Gomji Dravograd to Lienz where we took up quarters in Hotel Sonne. The late Miroslav Urbas and I shared a room. On May 8, 1945, the next day, the British arrived in Lienz and decreed that no one may remove himself beyond ten kilometers from Lienz. Food ration cards were being issued by the Nazi committee which the British left in charge of these affairs. We received the lowest class of ration cards. A weekly ration that these brought might be enough for one meal. Urbas and I had to comb the countryside around Lienz for food and we were able to come by some bread and milk at reasonable prices from the farmers.
The number of Slovenian refuges was gradually increasing. One of them had a radio over which we could hear, in addition to news from home, transmissions of triumphal rejoicing of the communists. A woman greeted Dr Pestotnik with: "Doctor, have you heard that you have been sentenced to death?" In fact, according to the news, Dr Pestotnik, Dr Pirkmajer, and Dr Vindišer were all sentenced to death because the Credit and Loan Company (
Kreditni Zavod
) of which they were directors was transacting business with Italian clients during the war.
In the midst of such excitement that punctuated the daily tedium arrived a message from Celovec-Vetrinj where part of the National Committee with its President, Dr Basaj, was located. The National Committee sent word by a special emissary, Pater Odilo, that the British had decided to transport all Slovenian refugees to a better camp in Palmanova, Italy. Pater Odilo had been to America and thus spoke English. He came in a small truck which he drove himself. The refugees were to be transported in four groups on 27th through 31st of May 1945. The National Committee suggested that two of its members staying at Lienz come to Vetrinj so that arrangements could be made for them to accompany the refugees to Italy and act as their spokesmen.
It was decided that Dr Zajc and I should go to Vetrinj. I was to accompany the last group of the refugees to Italy and remain with it as a representative of the National Committee. On May 28, 1945 we drove through Spital, Beljak and Celovec to Vetrinj; Pater Odilo informing the British sentries on the way that he was taking two convalescents to Vetrinj.
In Vetrinj the National Committee was in permanent session. I had to sleep in the open but the food there was ample, the refugees were preparing it themselves. I wondered where all the meat that was served with cabbage had come from. Later I found out that the refugees were slaughtering horses and the cattle they brought along because they had no fodder for them. Before I left Lienz Urbas gave me 1,000 Lire for his son whom he asked me to find in Vetrinj among the
(National Guard). I found his son and was able to give him the money and his fathers regards. He was with the group that left on May 29, 1945.
On May 29, however, the second day of those shipments, an officer managed to return from Podrožica with the news that the British were handing refugees over to the communists who were waiting for them concealed in railroad cars in Podrožica. Dr Basaj immediately went to see the British commander Lieutenant General Keightley in Celovec to find out what was going on. After considerable waiting he was eventually admitted to Keightley's presence where Keightley indignantly denied that anything like the handing over of refugees occurred and threatened with severe punishment all who might spread such rumors. Tolstoy's paper, however, reveals that Keightley, the British officer who most likely by direction of Harold Macmillan, then the British resident minister for the Mediterranean at the Allied Supreme Command Headquarters at Caserta, arranged for the treachery, was lying.
While Dr Basaj and his deputation were cooling their heels in Keightley's antechamber a certain "Major Jones" was bustling in and out of the general's office arranging, no doubt the details of what the general would shortly vigorously deny on his honor as a British officer. Apparently he was the same Jones whom the Partisans used to show off at their meetings during the war as evidence that their cause enjoyed full support of the Allies. From such observations one can draw inferences on the sinister forces that played the decisive role in the betrayal of the refugees.
At the same time another terrified fugitive from a "shipment to Italy " showed up with an identical report to that given earlier by the escaped officer. The National Committee still was not able to make up its mind what to do and continued its session through May 30, 1945. At around noontime, on that date, however, Dr Janez Janež, a young military surgeon, who had been sent with the first transport on May 29, appeared, still in full uniform. He was exhausted because he had come to Vetrinj from Pliberk walking day and night without rest, evading the British sentries who, naturally, also guarded the bridges on the Drava river. He reported that he was assigned to go with the group to be transported as a medical officer in an ambulance. When they arrived at the railway station at Pliberk the refugees were mustered out of the train by the British. In front of the railway station Tito's partisans were already waiting for them. The British soldiers, who knew what would happen to the refugees, robbed them systematically of their meager personal belongings such as watches, shaving kits, and the like, before they handed them over to the communists. The communists, in turn, made the refugees undress so that they could take their uniforms leaving them, for the time being, their own rags. The military surgeon managed to avoid the muster by heading toward the nearby inn, ostensibly looking for a restroom. A British guard followed closely behind him but under his charge's reproachful look he eventually stepped aside when the surgeon entered the facility. As soon as the latter was sure he was no longer being followed he threw himself into a wheat field and lay still and unobserved. Then he heard the frightful cries of the refugees whom the partisans were loading into boxcars which were then locked. The night fell but he still heard the plaintive cries from the sealed cars. From the position of the stars he estimated that it was midnight when the train with its wretched cargo departed and silence fell on the station and the inn. He rose from the field and began to walk away from that place. It was still dark when he reached a farm and raised the farmer. Fortunately the farmer was not a communist sympathizer and advised Janež how to get further on his way to reach the Drava river. The farmer also warned him about the British sentries on the bridges and told him where he could find a ferryman who would take him across. The surgeon found the ferry, crossed the Drava river, and without rest or sleep continued on to Vetrinj.
Now the National Committee had an authentic report on the infamous treachery by which the British were delivering the refugees to the Partisans. It was decided, at once to warn the refugees advising them to disperse immediately and save themselves as best they could; it was every man for himself from then on.
Later we learned that some refugees, notwithstanding the clear warning they received, boarded the last transport train on May 31, 1945, and went to their deaths. It was that last group with which I was to go as a representative of the National Committee to the "new and better refugee camp in Palmanova, Italy."
Pater Odilo was ready to take both Dr Zajc and myself, as well as Dr Celestin Jelenc, - if I remember correctly - back to Lienz at once. We left on May 30, 1945 and arrived at Lienz on the same day, Pater Odilo again informing the British sentries on the way he was transporting sick men. The dreadful news spread instantly and it was universally agreed that we must disappear as soon as possible into the American sector. Urbas wept all night over the loss of his only son.
Later, in a refugee camp, I read a sworn statement by a refugee who succeeded in escaping after he was handed over to the partisans at Pliberk. He gave the statement to the American Military Government in Trieste after he escaped from Yugoslavia. The victim reported that on arrival at the territory under communist control the Partisans would stop the train at larger stations and drive the captives from boxcars through the gauntlets of crowds that spat on them and abused them in any way they could. When they reached the concentration camp at Teharje women and children were separated from men who were sent to a separate concentration camp. Guards were coming throughout the night taking the victims to large natural underground caves and gullies. There the victims were lined up with their hands bound along the edges of the pits and shot in the neck. The young man in Trieste who bore witness to these massacres, however, had not been mortally wounded - after some time he regained consciousness and began feeling around. Finding the bloodied corpses all around him he tried to undo the wire with which his hands were bound. Suddenly he noticed another man rising and sinking again between the dead walking over them toward him. When the man reached him, he untied his hands. Both men waited inside below the rim of the pit until the executioners finished off another group, then they climbed out and ran in different directions. Although it was dark the sentries around the pit noticed their escape and began firing at them. A year or two after these events a boy was recounting to my son how he, as a young partisan camp follower, participated at such murderous orgies. The Partisans on purpose did not tie-up all their victims and let some escape from the pits so that other communists, including the boy who was telling about this, hidden some distance away in the forest, could amuse themselves by shooting down those trying to run away. The boy was not much older than my son who was fourteen when these heroic deeds were narrated to him. The communists did not try to conceal what they did at all in these days, on the contrary -- they used to describe these executions in morbid detail while they watched the listener to see how he would react. Fortunately, our fugitive was not gunned down. He got away and managed to reach, still at night, a farm where the people dressed the wound in his neck. He moved on, mostly at night, and eventually reached his home somewhere in Dolenjsko. There he remained until his wound healed and he recovered from his ordeal. When he got well his relatives advised him to leave the country lest the communists find out about him.
Another staging camp for mass executions, described by Tolstoy, was St Vid near Ljubljana. Some victims at that camp were summarily executed there but the majority were taken to Kočevje, the Slovenian Katyn. There a large clearing was prepared in the systematic way of the communist executioners. The victims were bound in pairs, tied to a line and taken to a common grave where they were mowed down with machine guns. Then the communists finished off those that were still showing signs of life. Those mass graves were only superficially covered and local communist authorities, later complained about the earth heaving up and uncovering the partially decomposed dead. Thus Anton Gliha, a friend of ours in Krško, noticed that a foul smell of decay filled the air as soon as he began excavating on his property where he wanted to build a fence. As soon as he started the work a person came from the Local People's Committee forbidding him to dig further and ordering him to fill in the excavation. Spelunkers, exploring the various subterranean caves in Charso also often came across skeletons of people who were executed and thrown into the pits.
Some 13,000 Slovenians were brutally murdered in this way. Tolstoy says indications point to Lieutenant General Keightley and Harold Macmillan as persons most likely responsible for these crimes and conjectures that the payoff for sending the Slovenian refugees back to Tito and their death may have been the withdrawal of communist troops from portions of Carinthia they occupied. Thus the communists sold the Slovenian soil to the British and eventually to Austria in order to gain revenge over their political opponents.3
Soon after these events both the British armed forces as well as Whitehall disclaimed any intentional complicity in the handing over of the Slovenian refugees to the Partisans. I observe, however, that while diplomats of most countries as a rule receive precise instructions for action from their governments Whitehall does not issue specific instructions to its senior diplomats, it only provides them with all the information that is deemed necessary for them to act. Thus, actions of the resident minister for the Mediterranean were for all practical purposes actions for which the British government must assume full responsibility and any disclaimers appear disingenuous. In response to recriminations for those heinous acts the British were quick to point out that it was not they who pulled the triggers. True enough, this is how the British fight the wars of their Empire: by letting others do the shooting.
We may justly ask whether crimes of such proportions perpetuated by an Allied government are not equally or even more deserving of prosecution such as that of the defendants at Nüremberg or those Nazis that were apprehended more recently? In the case of the latter, the intervening time appears to be no bar to prosecution. Indeed, while one could argue that the trials at Nüremberg had their legal foundation only in the generally perceived limits on the conduct of governments and the conscience of mankind, the action of the British officers and diplomats were clearly illegal under the laws of their own country and the covenants to which it was a party, namely the Geneva Convention and the Atlantic Charter.
I was thus left to my own devices in trying to reach the American zone of occupation. Despite the British roadblocks around Lienz, the refugees generally could find a way to circumvent them and filter into Anras, a mountain village to which Bishop Rožman had removed himself. The bishop still had his car which was driven by his chaplain. The car belonging to my friend Rudolf Žitnik in which we travelled was seized by the British who did not even bother to give Žitnik a receipt. Members of the National Committee decided to follow the refugees to Anras where we would find out how to get around the checkpoint on the border of the American zone at Silian. The chaplain-driver agreed to load our knapsacks in his car and wait for us some distance away from the roadblock at Lienz. We were to get around it on foot and rejoin the waiting car. On June 2, 1945 this plan was carried out without difficulty. There were five of us in the group: Bogumil Remec, director of a college preparatory school (gymnasium), writer Dr Tine Debeljak, his son-in-law, Josip Porenta, civil engineer, Miroslav Urbas, and I.
In Abfaltersbach Urbas got out and headed for Ziljska Dolina where he had relatives; finding his kin inhospitable, however, he soon moved on to Celovec where he remained until his death. We remained in touch so long as he lived.
The rest of us in the car continued uphill to Anras. On the recommendation of the rector who was an old schoolmate of Bishop Rožman the farmers in Anras were very hospitable towards the refugees and willingly provided us with food and shelter. I was pleasantly surprised to find there Andrej Uršič, an acquaintance of mine, and his friends. We slept in a larger room, each on his own bed. The hostess fed us well as a matter of course. On Sunday, June 3, 1945, Bishop Rožman, officiating at the mass in the local church, confirmed the refugee children. The following day we started on our way to Silian to carry out our plan for reaching the American zone of occupation. The people in Anras told us where along our way we should stop to get detailed information for this purpose. The bishop gave me a letter of recommendation to all ecclesiastics requesting that they give me help in case of need. This is what he wrote:
Litterae comendatitis
Episcopus Labacensis omnibus Rev. is
Sacerdotibus et ordinibus eclesiasticis virum
Ladislavum Bevc
quam optime
comendat et rogat ut eum opportunis
consiliis et informationibus adjuvent
In itinere datum 1. Junii 1945.
Gregorius Rožman, eppus Labacen."
SEAL: F. B. Pfaramt in Anras, Ost Tirol
The chaplain again drove Remec, and myself from Anras. On our way we picked up Debeljak and Porenta. In Absfaltersbach we got out and continued on foot through the villages of Stressen, Tassenbach, and Panzendorf to Silian. The trip took two days, the best we could do for the night was to stay in a shelter.
Outside Silian we received precise information on the movements of the patrols near the roadblock and instructions how to avoid them. We arrived safely at Silian where we called on the dean who received us well and invited us to dinner. We could only offer him the few ration cards we had left from Lienz as a recompense. The dean promised us to get a guide for each of us next morning who would take us to the Austro-Italian border in the part of Tyrol occupied by the Italians. The border was being patrolled by Italian guards but the locals knew at what time the guards returned to their barrack. The guides showed up the next morning as promised. They were four youths aged 15 to 18 years. Because my knapsack was the lightest the youngest guide was assigned to me. The guides were thoroughly familiar with the route and the timetables of the border patrols. When we reached the place of crossing we paid each guide his fee. They pointed out the direction of mountain pass Windbach at 1,900 meters where we would find a large farm. We set out on our way across the snowfields and slush. Remec, who was the oldest among us and who had the most luggage was moving up the trail with a considerable difficulty. From time to time we had to decide which turn to take, and we decided for the steepest path every time.
It was already getting dark when we sighted the farm. We were received without objections and given rooms, two persons to a room. Our host was the only man on the farm but there were several women who, in the absence of men who had gone to war, had to do all the work on the farm. We were invited to an opulent dinner after which we turned in to rest after the exhausting trip. In the morning Remec, arranged for a porter to carry his luggage on our descent toward Dobbiaco. We were surprised to be treated to a glass of cognac at breakfast, our host explained that the military in the valley had abandoned their supply stores which the local population was quick to empty out.
Back in Lienz we had already decided that each group of the National Committee would independently try, to find a suitable route to Rome. We had lost at least two days at Anras. The first group, however, did not wait around and so it was able to get on its way in the desired direction without impediment.
The descent into the valley was considerably less demanding than the previous day's climb. Soon we reached a tourist inn at the outskirts of Dobbiaco, where the porter left. Continuing on toward Dobbiaco we stopped on a meadow and agreed that I should go to the municipal offices and seek information about transportation to Rome; my companions would wait there until I returned.
I readily found the mayor's office. The mayor, a German appointed by the Italian Government, was in and he carefully listened to my request. He told me that all civilian traffic was suspended and that all transportation was reserved exclusively for the use of the military. The only suggestion he could make was that I might be able to get further information at the Italian military command post. I returned with this information to my companions and we all went to the Italian military command where they were flattered that anyone would come to them for advice but could only suggest that we go to the carabiniers for further information.
The carabiniere was very reserved and questioned us closely. I was the spokesman for the group because I was the only one who spoke Italian. When the carabiniere ran out of questions he barked that we were under arrest and, in keeping with the time honored Italian practice with which we became acquainted back in Ljubljana, demanded that we hand over our pocket knives. I was prepared for this and handed over a cheap small penknife which I had bought for just such an eventuality as Italian military authorities in Ljubljana used to be fond of staging raids in public places at which they would confiscate pocket knives. Thus I managed to keep my better knife with scissors, a can opener and the like of which was a gift brought to me from Paris by the father of a boy whom I had been tutoring as a student. Naturally, I was running some risk for the bully could decide to frisk us. Fortunately, however, the thoroughness with which people are nowadays frisked and searched in America was not yet the practice with the carabiniers at that time. After he took away our knives the carabiniers shoved us into a cell ordering us to leave our luggage outside. The cell was small, without windows or other sources of light; in place of beds there were some kind of planks without bedding arranged along the walls leaving hardly enough space for a person to get up and carefully move toward the door when it was open.
Confined to such close quarters all we could do was lie closely together. The door was locked upon us and we spent the following three days in that cell. Every morning the carabiniere unlocked the door to let us out where we could wash a little, drink some water and take a few crumbs out of our packs. We would also be issued one American canned meat ration per person whereupon the carabiniere would again lock us up in that windowless cell. Our only fear was that we would be returned to the British in Lienz.
On June 7, 1945, the third day of our imprisonment, the carabiniere opened the door of our cell and told us we would be taken to the American command in Brunico for interrogation by the OSS. We were received by Captain Carrigher4 who questioned us through an interpreter. Again, I was the spokesman for the group. The interpreter was a Jew who had not yet become naturalized. When I complained about the treatment accorded to us by the carabiniere the captain said that the carabiniere had no right to detain us. He ordered that we be put up in a hotel where we also were to have meals. Because civilian transportation was still suspended he would at the first opportunity send us to San Candido (Innichen, elevation 1,175 meters) to the depot of 22nd American Military Government Evacuation Camp where we could stay and have food and shelter until he could arrange for transportation to the interior of Italy or wherever we might wish to go. He sympathized with our plight and expressed hope that some day Tito might yet be put in his proper place by the United States. The captain instructed his interpreter to give us at least some food rations immediately but the latter could come up with nothing but cigarettes.
During the interview Remec discovered the disappearance of his supply of gold coins which he carried in his underwear tied at the ankles with a ribbon that became loose during the ride to Brunico to the pleasant surprise of the dishonest finder. Unfortunately, Remec did not confide this to the American representative, he merely observed to us that he had enough hard currency left for all four of us to live in comfort for several years.
The appointed Italian quartermaster of the American depot at San Candido showed scant enthusiasm at our arrival but he had to comply with the orders of the American commander. The morose quartermaster's face bore a resemblance to the pompous features of Mussolini whose portraits used to hang at railway stations. Paying little attention to him we found some living quarters and although there were no beds available we managed to improvise quite acceptable bunks with bedding. We took our meals with the employees of the depot. In town, where we were allowed to go at will, we found a laundress and other conveniences.
Within a week a few more refugees showed up, among them Prelog. They asked us to pretend we did not know them. Beyond Sillian they had been intercepted by the Italian police who were taking them to an interrogation. Thus we could not associate with them.
On June 12, 1945, the American commander was able to carry out his promise. He sent a truck with which we left Innichen through Dobbiaco, Brunico, Muhlbach, Brixen and eventually arrived at Bolzano. The driver took us to the 24th A.M.G. Evacuation Camp and went to report our arrival. We were still on the truck when a Slovenian came to look us over. Still out of sight, we heard him asking as he was coming around the comer "Where are those hooligans?" On seeing us, however, he realized what the situation was and shut up. He was one of the Slovenians who were returning to Yugoslavia from the various internment camps. These returning Slovenians acted in a rowdy and boisterous manner similar to that of the communists in Ljubljana whose carousing we could hear over the radio. Naturally, we told the Americans that we had nothing to do with those people.
We then went to the barracks where we were stayed for two days without anyone disturbing us. In town we looked for transportation further to the south. We came across a deacon dressed in white with the yellow insignia of the Vatican; he turned out to be an employee of the Vatican repatriation assistance. I introduced myself showing him the letter of recommendation by Bishop Rožman which the deacon attempted to read but, not having been conversant in Latin as is the case for the lower clergy in Italy, he could not understand. Almost immediately a small crowd of curious onlookers gathered around us peppering the deacon with questions as to the contents of the letter I handed him to which the deacon responded: "It says here that he is a good man. [
Un buon uomo
.] " I asked him to take my letter to the commission's office which he did but he soon returned and told us that the commission was there to help the natives only.
Eventually we found a truck that was going to Verona and thence to Modena. We climbed on it along with a sizeable crowd of others and, standing up all the way, arrived at Modena and the 24th A.M.G. Evacuation Camp5 where we stored our belongings. The city was swarming with people returning to their homes. We stayed overnight; Remec and his son-in-law found quarters with a family that was renting rooms while Porenta and I spent the night in an abandoned house. The next day, June 16th, we climbed on an already overloaded truck full of people who had enormous amounts of luggage: bundles of bedding and clothes, cages of geese and all kinds of things they were able to salvage when the fascist regime shipped them off as laborers on loan to Germany. Enroute to Rome, however, we learned that the road was closed because a bridge had been destroyed. The truck then took the route through Bologna to Forli where it stopped at the 23rd A.M.G. Evacuation Camp.
In Forli we found quarters in a vacant house where we could store our packs and sleep on the floor. A Royalist Yugoslav and Chetnik camp was nearby and the following day I visited it and called on General Andrej (Prezelj) and Chief of Staff Skalar (Dr Benedik). My brother-in-law Franci Slapar also was there as a staff officer. The Chetniks lived in tents which they had put up: They invited me to stay with them but I declined because I wanted to see my companions safely to their destination.
I remembered that the daughter of my good friend Etbin Bežek who had married in Italy was living in Forli. At the city recorder's office where I was inquiring about her address the clerks knew about her as her marriage to Count Canestri-Trotti represented quite a social event in Forli. I found the Canestri-Trottis without difficulty. Tatjana was with her infant son and a Slovenian friend married to an Italian colonel from Forli who dropped by for a visit. I told her that her father intended to leave Ljubljana the same day as I but that he probably changed his mind. During the conversation Tatjana's visitor was expressing sympathies for the communist regime in Yugoslavia; apparently she had been spared the opportunity of experiencing its benefits first hand without her Italian passport.
Tatjana asked her husband to arrange transportation for our group to the nearby refugee camp in the vacation resort of Riccione on the Adriatic. He readily found a driver with a car who for 500 lire took us to Riccione where we arrived after dark on June 18, 1945. We were taken in among the Slovenian refugees in that camp who were billeted in various hotels and summer homes that were not in use. I was to spend two years there.
My flight from the murderous communists and their British accomplices was over and the long wait for emigration to America began.
1. Nikolai Tolstoy,
The Klagenfurt Conspiracy, War Crimes and Diplomatic Secrets
, " Encounter Vol. 40, No. 5., pp. 24-37 (1983).
2. Nicholas Bethell,
The Last Secret
, Basic Books,Inc., New York 1974. Chapter 4 deals with the extradition of Cossacks and Croatians.
3. Charles Zalar,
Yugoslav Communism, a Critical Study
, prepared for the subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and other Internal Security Laws of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, 87th Congress, 1st Session, October 18, 1961, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, 1961. Contains a detailed index and comprehensive bibliography. Vetrinj is mentioned on pages 114 and 115. The book is no longer available from the Superintendent of Documents; the author gratefully acknowledges the courtesy of the Chairman of the Senate Committee on the Judiciary for providing him with a copy.
4. The author probably errs here as Carrigher was the name of the British commander at the refugee camp at Riccione, it is unlikely that the American captain had the same name.
5. The manuscript gives the same number as that for the camp in Bolzano.
Reprinted from
VOLUME 13 No. 3-4 (49-50)
Autumn - Winter 1990 pp 60-68
Copyright 1984 by Vlado Bevc
Vlado Bevc
P.O. Box 561, San Ramon, California 94583
United States of America
James R. Dangel
1504 Sawmill Creek Road
Sitka, Alaska 99835 USA
Phone: 907-747-3348
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By default, when you click a message, it appears in the Reading Pane. You can turn the Reading Pane on or off in any folder by clicking View on the toolbar and then selecting Right, Bottom, or Off under Reading Pane. You can use these option buttons to turn on or turn off the Reading Pane in Mail, Contacts, and Tasks.
What else do I need to know?
You can also turn Conversation view on or off by clicking View on the toolbar and then selecting Use Conversations.
In addition to selecting the criteria for arranging your messages and contacts, you can sort them in ascending or descending order using the control next to Arrange by. For items sorted alphabetically, it will display either A on top or Z on top. For items not sorted alphabetically, it will display the sort criteria accordingly. For example, flagged items will display Flagged or Unflagged.
To arrange your tasks, you can sort them in ascending or descending order by clicking the heading in the sorting toolbar. For example, if Subject is selected as the sort field, clicking Subject toggles the sorting ascending or descending in alphabetical order.
You can use type-down search to look for a message, contact, or task by typing on your keyboard. To search for a particular message in a folder, arrange the folder by the search criteria that you want to use, and then start to type the word you're looking for. For example, if you want to find a message from Tony Smith, select Arrange by, select From, and then start to type Tony Smith. Outlook Web App will jump to the first match. If it can't find an exact match, it will jump to the item that contains the closest match.
You can use type-down search only in columns that display user-related information, such as subject, sender, or recipient. You can't use type-down search for messages of a particular size or receipt date, although you can sort a group of messages according to their size or the date they were received.
What if I want to know more?

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Medical Services Provided by the Student Health Center - Student Health Center
- Primary and Urgent Care
- Women's Health Services
- Family Planning Services
- Immunizations
- Students' Rights and Responsibilities
- Referrals
The Ohlone Student Health Center is your access to quality health care on campus. All students who pay the Student Health Services Fee may use the health center. Most services are included in your health fee, while other services are available at low costs. Medical services are provided on an appointment basis, but walk-in appointments are generally available the same day. All urgent problems are handled immediately.
Primary and Urgent Care
- Nurse practitioner assessment, evaluation, treatment, and prescriptions for minor illnesses and minor injury
- Physicals
- Emergency response on campus
- Physician hours on campus by referral
- Tuberculosis (TB) testing
- Lab work
- Referrals for other medical services
- HIV Testing
Women's Health Services
- Pap smears
- Breast exams
- Family planning services
- Emergency contraception (the "morning after" pill)
- Pregnancy testing
Family Planning Services
- Contraception Counseling and education
- Emergency contraception (the "morning after" pill)
- A large variety of condom, lubes, and instructions on usage are available
- Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR)
- Tetanus
- Flu shot
- Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Tuberculosis (TB) Testing
View a list of recommended immunizations for adults from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PDF).
Students Rights and Responsibilities
We want you to be an active participant regarding your health care. You have the right to know and understand:
- Health services policies
- Names of persons providing services
- What medicine is recommended and its side effects and risks
- What tests are being recommended and why
- The prospects for resolution of your problem
- How the problem can be prevented in the future
- How to give your grievances and suggestions to the Health Center
Students also must assume responsibility for his or her own health care. This includes:
- Being honest about your past medical history and what you expect from each visit
- Answering questions completely
- Making sure you understand directions
- Following the prescribed plan
- Reporting changes in your health or adverse effects of treatment
- Knowing your health care provider
- Keeping scheduled appointments
Referral services information is available for:
- Washington Hospital
- Tri Cities Health Center
- Planned Parenthood
- Newark Wellness
- Fairmont Hospital
- Highland Hospital
- Local Specialty Physicians
- Women's Health Specialists
- Local Mental Health providers
Adobe Reader (free) or other browser plug-in/add-on for opening PDF documents is required to open files on this page marked "PDF".


text:
How can we help you?
Your enquiry will be reviewed with no obligation.
Safety warning issued to offshore oil and gas industry
The offshore oil and gas industry has been warned to improve safety after a year which saw an increase in major injuries to workers and other serious incidents.
A Health and Safety Executive (HSE) report covering the 27,000 workers employed in the UK's North Sea oil and gas industry has revealed that there were fifty major injuries reported in 2009/10 - up by twenty from the previous year and higher than the average of forty-two over the previous five years. The HSE said that for the third year running, there were no workers killed in activities it regulated.
Karl Tonks, a health and safety specialist at Fentons Solicitors said: "Although it is great news that there have been no recorded offshore fatalities for the third consecutive year, the fact remains the number of serious injuries reported has risen. These figures remind us of the serious dangers workers continue to face on offshore installations in the North Sea."
HSE figures reveal incidents involving major and significant hydrocarbon gas releases - regarded as potential precursors to major accidents - stood at 85, up by more than a third from last years figure of 61.
The installations in operation in the UK sector of the North Sea are notoriously old. After forty years of oil and gas production, the issues regarding ageing installations have raised concerns over a number of years. The HSE is to continue its existing programme of inspections to ensure standards are maintained until September 2013.
"This year's overall health and safety picture is simply not good enough," said Karl, a partner with the firm. "As more and more offshore installations exceed their original design life, the industry needs to address the future and anticipate any inevitable consequences.
"Operators must do everything they can to guarantee employee safety is never compromised," said Karl.
"Substantial investment is needed to allay concerns over ageing installations. Efficient and well-maintained plant and equipment are crucial to ensure the long-term future of the UK's offshore oil and gas industry."
How can Fentons Solicitors help?
Fentons has a specialist department experienced in handling claims for accidents at work.
If you think that you have a case or require further information contact Fentons on 0800 0191 297 or fill in the online claims questionnaire.
Why Choose
- Speak to a solicitor from day one
- No win, no fee
- Specialist personal injury solicitors
- Law Society accredited
- National Coverage
Latest Case Studies


text:
They may see the good you do as self serving. Continue to do good.
They may see your generosity as grandstanding. Continue to be generous.
They may see your warm and caring nature as a weakness. Continue to be warm and caring.
For you see in the end, it is between you and God. It never was between you and them anyway.
Greetings! I want to welcome all of you to "The Director's View." My name is Deborah Shrira and I want all of you to know we care about each and everyone of you. We do take pride in being different. We are really here for you. Our staff can identify with all you are experiencing. If you need a friend, support, information ...we are here. ...We don't expect you to deal with substance abuse alone. We will assist you in locating what you need.
June has arrived and there is much happening in our world today. ...We are faced with many problems and I personally don't believe they are going to disappear any time soon. It can't be easy for any of you. ... If you are just starting out on methadone maintenance treatment, you must dose at the program the first ninety days. It can't be easy with the price of gasoline today. If you have children then I just can't even imagine -- It was very difficult even for me, many years ago. It was only me and I was working but it still hard to wake up every morning and drive 32 miles and back to obatin my methadone.
People just really lack knowledge if they have never been on methadone maintenance. I listen to them talking and it really shows their ignorance. Patients have to want their sobriety badly to comply with all the Federal Regulations governing methadone. It's not easy getting up every morning and driving, then waiting in long lines to dose and then giving a urine drug test. ...Then you must spend time with your Counselor and most of them really could care less about you and they look down on you. ...I don't mean all of them but finding ones that really care is far and few between.
Most of you do not live close therefore you must spend money on more gasoline and the driving day in and out causes wear and tear on your vehicles. They require upkeep and maintenance. Everything is much higher now-- from food, medicine, rent and it is much more difficult to find work. -- It is nearly impossible if you have are having problem with substance-abuse to even afford to obtain help. I know because we receive phone calls every day from people wanting help but not being able to afford it.
We need to take a stand! We must start asking for what we need. First, I am asking all of you to vote. If you are not registered to vote, Register! If you are registered, vote. I know some of you think your vote won't matter --but it does matter! Women, have you forgot the price paid for your right to vote?
The women were innocent and defenseless. And by the end of night, they were barely alive. Forty prison guards welding clubs and their warden's blessing went on a rampage against the 33 women wrongly convicted of "obstructing sidewalk traffic."
They beat Lucy Burn, chained her hands to the cell bars above her head and left her hanging for the night, bleeding and gasping for air. They hurled Dora Lewis into a dark cell, smashed her head against an iron bed and knocked her out cold. Her cellmate, Alice Cosu, thought Lewis was dead and suffered a heart attack. Additional affidavits describe the guards grabbing, dragging, beating, choking, slamming, pinching, twisting and kicking the women.
This unfolded the "Night of Terror" on November 15, 1917, when the warden at the Occoquan Workhouse in Virginia ordered his guards to teach a lesson to the suffragists imprisoned there because they dared to pickett Woodrow Wilson's White House for the right to vote.
For weeks, the women's only water came from an open pail. Their food--all of it was colorless slop--was infested with worms. When one of the leaders, Alice Paul, embarked on a hunger strike, they tied her to a chair, forced a tube down her throat and poured liquid into her until she vomited. She was tortured like this for weeks until word was smuggled out to the press.
So refresh my memory. Some women won't vote this year because-----why exactly? We have carpool duties? We have to get to work? Our vote doesn't matter? It"s raining?
Last week, I went to a sparsely attended screening of HBO's new movie "Ironed Jawed Angels." It is a graphic depiction of the battle these women waged so that I could pull the curtain at the polling booth and have my say.I am ashamed to say I needed the reminder.
All these years later, voter registration is still my passion. But the actual act of voting had become less personal for me,more remote.
Frankly, voting often felt like more of an obligation than a privilege. Sometimes it was inconvenient.
My friend, Wendy, who is my age and studied women's history, saw the HBO movie, too. When she stopped by my desk to talk about it, she looked angry. She was--with herself. "One thought kept coming back to me as I watched that movie," she said. "What would those women think of the way I use-or don't use--my right to vote? All of us take it for granted now, not just younger women, but those of us who did seek to learn."
"The right to vote, she said, had become valuable to her "all over again."
Home Box Office will run the movie periodically before releasing it to DVD. I wish all history, social studies, and government teachers would include the movie in their curriculum. I want it shown on Bunko night, too, and anywhere else women gather. I realize this isn't our usual idea of socializing, but we are not voting in the numbers that we should be, and I think a little shock therapy is in order.
It is jarring to watch Woodrow Wilson and his cronies try to persuade a psychiatrist to declare Alice Paul insane so that she could be permanently institutionalized. And it is inspiring to watch the doctor refuse. Alice Paul was strong, he said, and brave. That didn't make her crazy. The doctor admonished the men:
"Courage in women is often mistaken for insanity."
Mothers suffering from depression are increasingly pushed into taking pills, putting them and their infants at great risk.
Antidepressants, the use of antidepressants by pregnant women has dramatically increased, and postpartum depression -- rare in those cultures in which women receive high levels of social support following childbirth -- has become so staggeringly common among U.S. women that Congress is legislating increased medical treatment.
Increasing Use of Antidepressants by Pregnant Mothers
Receiving little attention in 2007 was the study "Increasing Use of Antidepressants in Pregnancy," published by the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Medical records of 105,335 pregnant women enrolled in Tennessee Medicaid from 1999-2003 revealed that antidepressant use during pregnancy increased from 5.7 percent in 1999 to 13.4 percent in 2003.Among Tennessee Medicaid-treated women in 2003, 10 percent took antidepressants during the first trimester, 6.4 percent used antidepressants during the second trimester, and 5.9 percent used them during the third. White women were four times more likely than nonwhite women to have used antidepressants during pregnancy, and older women and those with greater schooling were also more likely to have used antidepressants while pregnant.In another study of pregnant women treated at seven health maintenance organizations (HMOs), American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology reported in February 2008 that "antidepressant use in pregnancy nearly quadrupled from 1996 to 2005" and that nearly 8 percent of pregnant women used antidepressants in 2005.
Effect of Antidepressant on Newborns
To the delight of antidepressant manufacturers, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recently told Americans that we need not worry about the effects of Prozac, Paxil, and Zoloft and other antidepressants on newborns. In June 2007, the CDC issued a press release stating "New Study Finds Few Risks of Birth Defects from Antidepressant Use During Pregnancy." CDC epidemiologist Jennita Reefhuis concluded, "Overall, our results are generally reassuring with respect to the use of antidepressants during pregnancy."This CDC press release was trumpeted by many U.S. newspapers with headlines such as "Antidepressants Not Big Risk for Defects" (Associated Press) and "Reassurance on Antidepressants in Pregnancy" (The Wall Street Journal). However, the actual research findings are the opposite of reassuring.We have all heard about "crack babies" (newborns addicted to crack cocaine because their mothers were using it during pregnancy). ....What about "Paxil babies"?
In 2006 the Archives of Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine reported that 30 percent of infants who had prenatal exposure to antidepressants experience some withdrawal symptoms, with 13 percent of them experiencing severe ones, most notably tremors, respiratory distress, gastrointestinal problems, sleep disturbances, and high-pitched crying. Other withdrawal symptoms include rapid heart beat, irritability, feeding difficulties, and profuse sweating.
There are several other serious problems that newborns are more likely to suffer when exposed in utero to antidepressants. A 2006 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) alert stated, "A recently published case-control study has shown that infants born to mothers who took selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) after the 20th week of pregnancy were six times more likely to have persistent pulmonary hypertension than infants born to mothers who did not take anti-depressants during pregnancy."
In persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, the newborn's arteries to the lungs are constricted, this limiting the amount of blood flow to the lungs and therefore the amount of oxygen into the bloodstream. The FDA alert also noted," Neonatal PPHN is associated with significant morbidity and mortality."
It turns out that the CDC based its approval of antidepressant use during pregnancy on studies in which women were taking antidepressants the month before they became pregnant or in the first three months of pregnancy.
But is it even in fact safe for newborns if mothers use antidepressants only in the first trimester?Antidepressant use in first trimester, according to The New England Journal of Medicine in 2007, is associated with more than double the risk of anencephaly (birth without forebrain), omphalocele (the child's abdomen does not close properly allowing intestines and other organs to protrude outside the body), and craniosynostosis (premature closure of the connections between the bones of the skull before brain growth is complete).
The Rationale for Antidepressants for Pregnant Mothers
What then is the rationale of those medical authorities who encourage antidepressant use among depressed pregnant mothers? Their claim is that while antidepressants might present some risks, the stress of not receiving medication for depression is more risky for the newborn and mother. However, the research simply does not back up this claim.Two major studies comparing the health of newborns from depressed mothers who took antidepressants versus newborns of depressed mothers who did not take antidepressants show that newborns are better off with mothers not taking antidepressants. In 2007 the American Journal of Psychiatry reported that the preterm birth rate of antidepressant exposed newborns was 14.3 percent as compared to 0 percent for newborns of depressed mothers who did not use antidepressants; and the rate of admission to the special-care nursery is more than double for anti-depressant exposed infants compared to infants of depressed mothers who did not use antidepressants. These findings echo those reported in a 2006 Archives of General Psychiatry study using health data from a large sample of infants in British Columbia, Canada during a 39-month period.Moreover, there is no evidence that antidepressant use by depressed pregnant mothers lowers their likelihood of suicide, and there is a great deal of evidence that antidepressant use can make some people manic, agitated, and violent. And while millions of people swear by their antidepressants, there is increasing evidence that antidepressants do not work much better than placebos.
In 2002 Prevention & Treatment reported an analysis of forty-seven studies that had been sponsored by drug companies on Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft, Effexor, Celexa, and Serzone. Many of these studies had not been published but all had been submitted to the FDA, so researchers used the Freedom of Information Act to gain access to the data. They discovered that in the majority of the trials, the antidepressant failed to out perform a sugar pill placebo.
Postpartum Depression and the Mothers Act
For politicians, a much safer issue than pushing antidepressants for pregnant mothers is promoting the expansion of medical treatment for postpartum depression. In 2007 the U.S. House of Representatives overwhelmingly passed the "Melanie Blocker-Stokes Postpartum Depression Research and Care Act" and sent it to the U.S. Senate, which renamed it the Mothers Act.
The stated goal of The Mothers Act, currently in committee, is to "ensure that new mothers and their families are educated about postpartum depression, screened for symptoms, provided with essential services, and to increase research at the National Institutes of Health on postpartum depression."But will the Mothers Act merely ensure that federal dollars are used to identify more pregnant and postpartum women as depressed and then convince them that antidepressants are safe and effective? After all, while psychiatry authorities and antidepressant manufacturers admit that antidepressants used by nursing mothers do in fact enter breast milk, they maintain that antidepressant concentration in breast milk is too low to be terribly concerned about (tgh they do acknowledge that there are no long-term studies to confirm this).In the "Findings" section of the Mothers Act we are told that postpartum depression is a "devastating mood disorder" and that "postpartum depression is a treatable disorder if promptly diagnosed by a trained provider." But inconvenient truths about postpartum depression are omitted. Not many in Congress would vote for legislation thouhat stated the following: The U.S. could eliminate much of postpartum depression by transforming American values, culture, and economics.The Mother Act states that "postpartum depression occurs in 10 to 20 percent of new mothers." It should state that postpartum depression occurs in 10 to 20 percent of American mothers. A 2004 BMJ (formerly known as the British Medical Journal) cross-cultural review reported that postpartum depression is rare in Fiji and in traditional African and Chinese populations. The BMJ authors concluded that "structured social supports after childbirth are described in groups of women with low rates of postpartum depression." Structured social supports for women after childbirth are decidedly missing from American culture.The Mothers Act findings also neglects the 1996 British Journal of Psychiatry finding that postpartum depression is associated with unemployment of the mother (no job to return to), unemployment of the head of the household, unplanned pregnancies, and not breast-feeding.
And the Mothers Act omits relevant truths about Melanie Blocker-Stokes,----the woman for whom the initial House bill was named for. ----Blocker-Stokes was a pharmaceutical sales manager who began suffering severe symptoms of depression after the birth of her child, and she did in fact receive extensive psychiatric treatment.
She was hospitalized three times in seven weeks, given four combinations of anti-psychotic, anti-anxiety, and antidepressant medications, and underwent electro-convulsive therapy (electroshock). ---But despite her psychiatric treatment -- or because of it -- Melanie Blocker-Stokes jumped to her death from the twelfth floor of a Chicago hotel.Postpartum depression could be dramatically reduced in the United States with a political will to transform American society from one that is dominated by money, productivity, and consumption to one that has vital communities which put energy into caring about the well being of new mothers - as do cultures where postpartum depression is rare.
The rate of U.S. depression has increased more than tenfold in the last fifty years. During that same time, Americans have received increasing medical treatment for depression, especially antidepressants, which currently gross more than 13 billion annually in the United States.
Nowadays, drug companies, psychiatry officialdom, and U.S. governmental authorities recommend antidepressants even for pregnant women, and an increasing number of American newborns discover that their first worldly challenge is withdrawing from Zoloft.
When exactly will be the appropriate time to challenge mental health professional pretensions and rebel from cultural craziness?
Bruce E. Levine, Ph.D., is a clinical psychologist and author of Surviving America's Depression Epidemic: How to Find Morale, Energy and Community in a World Gone Crazy.
Deborah Shrira,Editor June 2008


text:
Stain, H.J. and Payne, K. and Thienel, R. and Michie, P. and Carr, V. and Kelly, B. (2011) 'The feasibility of videoconferencing for neuropsychological assessments of rural youth experiencing early psychosis.', Journal of telemedicine and telecare., 17 (6). pp. 328-331.
We conducted a pilot study of the feasibility of videoconferencing as a mode of neuropsychological assessment in young people (14–30 years) from a rural area of New South Wales experiencing early psychosis. All participants (n = 11) completed assessments both face-to-face and by videoconference at a bandwidth of 384 kbit/s. Assessments included confirmation of diagnosis, quality of life and neurocognitive functioning. There was a strong correlation between modes of assessment for most instruments. Bland-Altman plots indicated that in general the mean difference between face-to-face and videoconference modes of assessment was close to zero with significant bias only evident for general cognitive functioning (WTAR), where videoconferencing produced higher ratings than face-to-face assessments. Feedback from the participants indicated strong acceptability of assessment by videoconferencing, thus supporting further investigation of use of this mode of assessment for clinical and research purposes.
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text:
by Silvia Rosza
(Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia)
The Modern Art Museum and the Embassy of the United States invite you to attend the opening of an art show entitled "Poder Visual" with art pieces by 21st Century American Indigenous artists, Wednesday 26 November, at 10 am at the Modern Art Museum (Museo de Arte Contemporáneo) exhibit hall at Calle Sucre Esquina Potosí in Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Commemorating Native American Month in the United States.
Join in and write your own page! It's easy to do. How? Simply click here to return to Events 2008.


text:
Has anyone ever had sex in outer space? What were the results?
—G.S., Austin, Texas
Sex in space—the final frontier. NASA says no one has become a member of the 250-mile-high club on an American mission. The Russians are another matter. There has been speculation—but no proof—that sex occurred after an adventurous female cosmonaut joined the two-man crew of a Soviet space station in 1982. We're skeptical, but that might be our patriotism showing. Space agencies in both countries have shied away from the topic, yet it's becoming relevant now that missions can last months (a manned trip to Mars would take six months each way). Weightless sex would be a challenge—without restraints, a couple would drift apart as they pushed against each other. On the upside, as Arthur C. Clarke once observed in Playboy, "The absence of gravity would certainly make the more acrobatic performances outlined in the Kama Sutra less likely to invoke the urgent services of a chiropractor." Gene Meyers of Space Island Group, which hopes to build a space hotel sometime sooner than later, says he expects the crew sent to build the $15 billion structure will be the first humans to copulate in space. The hotel itself will include "zero-gravity romance rooms, each with a window" and "the walls will be padded and elastic cords and harnesses will hang from the ceiling."
What about masturbation? In its literature about the space shuttle, NASA points out that "the bathroom on the orbiter is a private room where the curtain is drawn, with a normal-looking toilet, a light over the right shoulder to read by and the hatch window to look down at earth." The toilet includes a flex tube that uses airflow to pull urine (or come) into a receptacle. Unfortunately, NASA doesn't provide specifics on the force of this airflow, or suction created by this tube—or how closely it fits the penis.
—R.B., Miami Beach, Florida
It is difficult to believe that at least a few astronauts haven't yanked their emergency cords in-flight. Over breakfast, the cosmonauts aboard Mir would reportedly ask each other, "Dognal devushku?" ("Did you catch up with the girl?") And a former NASA flight surgeon reported "anecdotal evidence" that arousal and ejaculation can occur in zero gravity.
For answers to reasonable questions relating to food and drink, fashion and taste, sex and dating, write the Playboy Advisor, 9346 Civic Center Drive, Beverly Hills, California 90210, or e-mail email@example.com.


text:
By Dustin Rowles | Industry | March 6, 2009 |
I apologize to those who can't get video at work, because it's a trailer-heavy morning, but the I just can't resist the trailer for Hangover. From the short teaser, it honest-to-God looks like what could be the comedy of the year. You remember Old School, right? And remember how refreshing that movie was in a marketplace absolutely filled to the stinking brim with stale, studio comedies? Of course, Old School ultimately begat the Apatow era, and now most comedies either are, or feel like, recycled versions of Old School and 40-Year-Old Virgin, increasingly diluted for the masses.
The Hangover looks like it may completely jumpstart comedies again, in part because it brings some familiar, yet still fresh, faces into the arena. God bless them, but there's no Seth Rogen or Paul Rudd or Jason Segal in The Hangover, and hopefully, the comedy is not undercut by that now familiar Apatowian poignancy. It's Bradley Cooper at his strung out best, Ed Helms in what's sure to be a role that will launch him into Carrell territory, and the underappreciated Zach Galifianakis.
You only get a small, one-minute taste of it here, but it looks like the movie that Very Bad Things so desperately wanted to be. It's good stuff.
Three Men and a Baby. And a Whore. And a Vegas Bachelor Party.
The Studio Comedy is Making a 4.0 Comeback, Y'all / Dustin Rowles
Industry | March 6, 2009 | Comments ()
← Rant on Spoilers | Wonder Woman Review →


text:
'ABCD - Any Body Can Dance' estimated collection on its Opening Day at the Domestic Box Office stood at about ₹5.45-5.55 crores nett.
Prabhu Deva burning up the dance floor seems to work for 'ABCD - Any Body Can Dance'.
With Saturday and Sunday still left for its Opening Weekend, 'ABCD - Any Body Can Dance' would be hoping to improve upon its great start at the Domestic Box Office. - BTM (Bollywood Tadka Masala)


text:
How To Use Jumper Cables
So you've got a dead battery but you don't know how to use jumper cables. Don't worry too much, lots of guys don't. Even if you aren't man enough to know how to use jumper cables already, at least you are man enough to feel embarrassed by the fact. Read on and learn how to use jumper cables. Then, the next time you leave the lights on in your car and find your battery dead after the movie, you'll hook those jumper cables right up and show your girlfriend just how masculine you really are.
You will need:
- Jumper cables
- Car with dead battery
- Car with fully charged battery
- Drive the car with the fully charged battery up to the car with dead battery. Get the car close enough so the jumper cables will reach from battery to battery. Make sure the engine compartments of the cars are close.
- Open the trunks of both vehicles.
- Get out the jumper cables. Untangle them.
- Attach one of the red jumper cable clamps to the positive terminal of the fully charged battery. This terminal will be marked with a (+). It may have a red cover on it.
- Attach the red clamp at the other end of the jumper cables to the positive terminal of the dead battery.
- Attach the black clamp to the negative battery terminal of the fully charged battery. It should have a (-) marking, and perhaps a black cable already connected to it.
- Attach the other black clamp to the metal frame of the vehicle with the dead battery. It may spark; that's okay.
- Start the car with the dead battery. It should start easily.
- Disconnect the cables in the reverse order you hooked them up.
- Let the car whose battery you jumped run for a while before you turn it the ignition off again. This will ensure it gets properly charged.
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These not-so-subtle hints mean legit interest—and time for action.


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I am using Jboss 5.0 GA as workspace with Tomcat 7 and MySQL 5.5 on Windows, of course I developed in Java EE.
A compilation of my project, I display the jsp's files, I would like to read the tables of my application, I made a servlet access to data, it is set. I install the MySQL connector in jboss / eclipse, my parametres are correct, they were tested. I is no error message, I just do "map" not my Mysql tables. how to display data. I developed this program 6 years ago jrun4 Eclipse 2.0 and it worked. Made in this application is a movie rental.


text:
Find out what happened around the district 25, 10 and five years ago this week.
25 years ago
Striking local government workers again brought public services to a halt throughout the district with the exception of rubbish collection. As national moves to resolve the dispute over pay and bargaining conditions continued, Lancaster City Council rejected any idea of reaching a local settlement. More than 200 members from city and county council branches held a rally in Lancaster's Dalton Square.
Survival plans for Lancaster's Blue Bus Company were detailed to staff amid growing concern for the company's future. Under fierce attack from expanding rivals, Lancaster City Transport's management called a meeting with trade unions, after the company had been awash for months with rumours about redundancies and service cuts.
Lancaster City Council was to spend more than £7,000 to enable council properties in Yealand Redmayne and Wray to be supplied with gas. Within their programme for 1989-90, British Gas would be laying a new gas main to serve the villages.
10 years ago
Health chiefs in Lancaster district had been criticised in a new round of NHS league tables. Both Morecambe Bay Hospitals Trust and Morecambe Bay Primary Care Trust had failed to meet some of their set targets. The hospital trust, which ran the Royal Lancaster Infirmary, had lost its prestigious three-star rating.
The previous year the trust received a £1 million bonus from the Government for attaining three stars. However, health bosses had denied that patients would lose out because of the slip to two stars.
One of Britain's rarest orchids had been stolen from its protected home in Silverdale. The Lady's-slipper orchid – worth £2,000 – disappeared overnight from a Site of Special Scientific Interest at Silverdale Golf Club.
It was feared the remains of the plant would never recover from the damage caused. The flower had been growing at the golf club for decades, and was originally thought to have been planted in the early part of the 20th Century. In flower the orchid had purple petals and a yellow centre.
A full house of bingo netted a Morecambe woman more than £100,000. The 61-year-old was playing the National Bingo Game at the Gala Club, in Morecambe, when her 43 numbers came up. The lucky winner won the national prize, the zone prize and the house prize making her £102,207 richer.
Lancaster Green Party voiced its concerns about the closure of the city's public transport information centre. The group believed the decision to close the centre at Lancaster Bus Station, had left travellers in the dark and they carried out a survey to test the remaining information point.
5 years ago
Two of the five most wanted burglars in Lancaster and Morecambe – one of them aged just 15 – had been arrested following a massive police operation. Operation Julius, a month-long campaign aimed at reducing burglaries in the area, had seen senior police officers 'bothering burglars' with letters and visits, as well as high profile activity culminating in a 'blitz day'. Police dogs, mounted officers and operational support units from across Lancashire carried out high visibility activity in the city.
It was reported that a parking scheme for the city centre may finally go ahead – three years after residents were consulted. Some residents in the Regent Street and Aldcliffe Road areas had branded the scheme 'half-baked'. Others backed the plans but most agreed the proposals were far too complicated for them to understand the implications. The roads affected were Regent Street, which would only allow parking on one side of the street, Aldcliffe Road, Dallas Road, Lindow Square, Lindow Street and Portland Street. If the plans were to get the go-ahead it would mean commuters and shoppers would no longer be able to park there.


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Why Is Orientation Important to the Organization?
Orientation is an important factor in reducing turnover and, thereby, minimizing costs to run your organization. Producing an orientation session for new employees can help "ensure a better retention rate and thus be highly cost efficient," according to managing editor for Personnel Policy Service, Robin Thomas, in a guest column on the TechRepublic website. Cost mitigation isn't the only reason employers should provide orientation to their new employees. Intangible benefits that employees reap from orientation include learning correct processes and company procedures that will improve their performance. In addition, new employees begin to form bonds during orientation with others who share the same start date.
Workplace Policies
New employee orientation is an essential first step in establishing the framework for a positive work environment. Orientation for new employees should include a review of workplace policies and instructions for employees to study the entire employee handbook to become familiar with all the employer's policies. The importance of orientation cannot be understated because it's the foundation for building a productive workforce that adheres to company policies and enables a better understanding of the company's expectations. Employees who haven't yet received a formal job description should be given one during their orientation session so they have a reference point for what their jobs entail.
Orientation helps new employees throughout the transition into a new job with a new organization. Small businesses may not have the formal orientation sessions that large conglomerates produce; however, spending at least a half-day with an HR staff member or shadowing a seasoned employee helps the new employee gain a better perspective of her new employer's business and her role in the organization. In making a transition, orientation also helps employees ease into their roles, which might reduce the time it takes to get up to speed on new processes and procedures. Gradually learning new workplace processes can ensure that the employee observes safety measures and utilizes best practices in performing her job duties.
Employers that provide orientation give new employees a sense of belonging. Conducting orientation on the first day of work is a new employee's official welcome. Learning what drives the organization and understanding his role in achieving organizational success fosters a sense of belonging that can't occur without some introduction to the workplace, such as new-hire training or onboarding activities. In addition, employees may have an opportunity to meet with the new employee one-on-one and extend a personal welcome, which is likely to be the beginning of collaborative working relationships.
Many employers also provide new employees information about their benefits packages during orientation. This practice answers questions new employees have and saves HR the time of addressing inquiries in a piecemeal fashion. Presenting a new employee with a comprehensive explanation of her benefits and eligibility dates, vacation policy and payroll matters reassures her that she made a wise decision to join your firm. Conversely, employees who aren't provided this type of information are left to wonder if the company handles employment issues the same way it addresses new-hire orientation.
Photo Credits
- Comstock/Comstock/Getty Images


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To who has or used the multimatic 200 what is the good and bad of it I'm looking at buying one. Im a little Leary of something like that I just want to know from someone that has used one thank you.
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text: /* ********************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 2003-2007, International Business Machines * Corporation and others. All Rights Reserved. ********************************************************************** * Author: Alan Liu * Created: July 21 2003 * Since: ICU 2.8 ********************************************************************** */ #ifndef OLSONTZ_H #define OLSONTZ_H #include "unicode/utypes.h" #if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING #include "unicode/basictz.h" struct UResourceBundle; U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN class SimpleTimeZone; /** * A time zone based on the Olson database. Olson time zones change * behavior over time. The raw offset, rules, presence or absence of * daylight savings time, and even the daylight savings amount can all * vary. * * This class uses a resource bundle named "zoneinfo". Zoneinfo is a * table containing different kinds of resources. In several places, * zones are referred to using integers. A zone's integer is a number * from 0..n-1, where n is the number of zones, with the zones sorted * in lexicographic order. * * 1. Zones. These have keys corresponding to the Olson IDs, e.g., * "Asia/Shanghai". Each resource describes the behavior of the given * zone. Zones come in several formats, which are differentiated * based on length. * * a. Alias (int, length 1). An alias zone is an int resource. The * integer is the zone number of the target zone. The key of this * resource is an alternate name for the target zone. Aliases * represent Olson links and ICU compatibility IDs. * * b. Simple zone (array, length 3). The three subelements are: * * i. An intvector of transitions. These are given in epoch * seconds. This may be an empty invector (length 0). If the * transtions list is empty, then the zone's behavior is fixed and * given by the offset list, which will contain exactly one pair. * Otherwise each transtion indicates a time after which (inclusive) * the associated offset pair is in effect. * * ii. An intvector of offsets. These are in pairs of raw offset / * DST offset, in units of seconds. There will be at least one pair * (length >= 2 && length % 2 == 0). * * iii. A binary resource. This is of the same length as the * transitions vector, so length may be zero. Each unsigned byte * corresponds to one transition, and has a value of 0..n-1, where n * is the number of pairs in the offset vector. This forms a map * between transitions and offset pairs. * * c. Simple zone with aliases (array, length 4). This is like a * simple zone, but also contains a fourth element: * * iv. An intvector of aliases. This list includes this zone * itself, and lists all aliases of this zone. * * d. Complex zone (array, length 5). This is like a simple zone, * but contains two more elements: * * iv. A string, giving the name of a rule. This is the "final * rule", which governs the zone's behavior beginning in the "final * year". The rule ID is given without leading underscore, e.g., * "EU". * * v. An intvector of length 2, containing the raw offset for the * final rule (in seconds), and the final year. The final rule * takes effect for years >= the final year. * * e. Complex zone with aliases (array, length 6). This is like a * complex zone, but also contains a sixth element: * * vi. An intvector of aliases. This list includes this zone * itself, and lists all aliases of this zone. * * 2. Rules. These have keys corresponding to the Olson rule IDs, * with an underscore prepended, e.g., "_EU". Each resource describes * the behavior of the given rule using an intvector, containing the * onset list, the cessation list, and the DST savings. The onset and * cessation lists consist of the month, dowim, dow, time, and time * mode. The end result is that the 11 integers describing the rule * can be passed directly into the SimpleTimeZone 13-argument * constructor (the other two arguments will be the raw offset, taken * from the complex zone element 5, and the ID string, which is not * used), with the times and the DST savings multiplied by 1000 to * scale from seconds to milliseconds. * * 3. Countries. These have keys corresponding to the 2-letter ISO * country codes, with a percent sign prepended, e.g., "%US". Each * resource is an intvector listing the zones associated with the * given country. The special entry "%" corresponds to "no country", * that is, the category of zones assigned to no country in the Olson * DB. * * 4. Metadata. Metadata is stored under the key "_". It is an * intvector of length three containing the number of zones resources, * rule resources, and country resources. For the purposes of this * count, the metadata entry itself is considered a rule resource, * since its key begins with an underscore. */ 00116 class OlsonTimeZone: public BasicTimeZone { public: /** * Construct from a resource bundle. * @param top the top-level zoneinfo resource bundle. This is used * to lookup the rule that `res' may refer to, if there is one. * @param res the resource bundle of the zone to be constructed * @param ec input-output error code */ OlsonTimeZone(const UResourceBundle* top, const UResourceBundle* res, UErrorCode& ec); /** * Copy constructor */ OlsonTimeZone(const OlsonTimeZone& other); /** * Destructor */ virtual ~OlsonTimeZone(); /** * Assignment operator */ OlsonTimeZone& operator=(const OlsonTimeZone& other); /** * Returns true if the two TimeZone objects are equal. */ virtual UBool operator==(const TimeZone& other) const; /** * TimeZone API. */ virtual TimeZone* clone() const; /** * TimeZone API. */ U_I18N_API static UClassID U_EXPORT2 getStaticClassID(); /** * TimeZone API. */ virtual UClassID getDynamicClassID() const; /** * TimeZone API. Do not call this; prefer getOffset(UDate,...). */ virtual int32_t getOffset(uint8_t era, int32_t year, int32_t month, int32_t day, uint8_t dayOfWeek, int32_t millis, UErrorCode& ec) const; /** * TimeZone API. Do not call this; prefer getOffset(UDate,...). */ virtual int32_t getOffset(uint8_t era, int32_t year, int32_t month, int32_t day, uint8_t dayOfWeek, int32_t millis, int32_t monthLength, UErrorCode& ec) const; /** * TimeZone API. */ virtual void getOffset(UDate date, UBool local, int32_t& rawOffset, int32_t& dstOffset, UErrorCode& ec) const; /** * BasicTimeZone API. */ virtual void getOffsetFromLocal(UDate date, int32_t nonExistingTimeOpt, int32_t duplicatedTimeOpt, int32_t& rawoff, int32_t& dstoff, UErrorCode& ec) /*const*/; /** * TimeZone API. This method has no effect since objects of this * class are quasi-immutable (the base class allows the ID to be * changed). */ virtual void setRawOffset(int32_t offsetMillis); /** * TimeZone API. For a historical zone, the raw offset can change * over time, so this API is not useful. In order to approximate * expected behavior, this method returns the raw offset for the * current moment in time. */ virtual int32_t getRawOffset() const; /** * TimeZone API. For a historical zone, whether DST is used or * not varies over time. In order to approximate expected * behavior, this method returns TRUE if DST is observed at any * point in the current year. */ virtual UBool useDaylightTime() const; /** * TimeZone API. */ virtual UBool inDaylightTime(UDate date, UErrorCode& ec) const; /** * TimeZone API. */ virtual int32_t getDSTSavings() const; /** * TimeZone API. Also comare historic transitions. */ virtual UBool hasSameRules(const TimeZone& other) const; /** * BasicTimeZone API. * Gets the first time zone transition after the base time. * @param base The base time. * @param inclusive Whether the base time is inclusive or not. * @param result Receives the first transition after the base time. * @return TRUE if the transition is found. */ virtual UBool getNextTransition(UDate base, UBool inclusive, TimeZoneTransition& result) /*const*/; /** * BasicTimeZone API. * Gets the most recent time zone transition before the base time. * @param base The base time. * @param inclusive Whether the base time is inclusive or not. * @param result Receives the most recent transition before the base time. * @return TRUE if the transition is found. */ virtual UBool getPreviousTransition(UDate base, UBool inclusive, TimeZoneTransition& result) /*const*/; /** * BasicTimeZone API. * Returns the number of TimeZoneRules which represents time transitions, * for this time zone, that is, all TimeZoneRules for this time zone except * InitialTimeZoneRule. The return value range is 0 or any positive value. * @param status Receives error status code. * @return The number of TimeZoneRules representing time transitions. */ virtual int32_t countTransitionRules(UErrorCode& status) /*const*/; /** * Gets the InitialTimeZoneRule and the set of TimeZoneRule * which represent time transitions for this time zone. On successful return, * the argument initial points to non-NULL InitialTimeZoneRule and * the array trsrules is filled with 0 or multiple TimeZoneRule * instances up to the size specified by trscount. The results are referencing the * rule instance held by this time zone instance. Therefore, after this time zone * is destructed, they are no longer available. * @param initial Receives the initial timezone rule * @param trsrules Receives the timezone transition rules * @param trscount On input, specify the size of the array 'transitions' receiving * the timezone transition rules. On output, actual number of * rules filled in the array will be set. * @param status Receives error status code. * @draft ICU 3.8 */ virtual void getTimeZoneRules(const InitialTimeZoneRule*& initial, const TimeZoneRule* trsrules[], int32_t& trscount, UErrorCode& status) /*const*/; private: /** * Default constructor. Creates a time zone with an empty ID and * a fixed GMT offset of zero. */ OlsonTimeZone(); private: void constructEmpty(); void getHistoricalOffset(UDate date, UBool local, int32_t NonExistingTimeOpt, int32_t DuplicatedTimeOpt, int32_t& rawoff, int32_t& dstoff) const; int32_t zoneOffset(int16_t index) const; int32_t rawOffset(int16_t index) const; int32_t dstOffset(int16_t index) const; /** * Number of transitions, 0..~370 */ 00299 int16_t transitionCount; /** * Number of types, 1..255 */ 00304 int16_t typeCount; /** * Time of each transition in seconds from 1970 epoch. * Length is transitionCount int32_t's. */ 00310 const int32_t *transitionTimes; // alias into res; do not delete /** * Offset from GMT in seconds for each type. * Length is typeCount int32_t's. */ 00316 const int32_t *typeOffsets; // alias into res; do not delete /** * Type description data, consisting of transitionCount uint8_t * type indices (from 0..typeCount-1). * Length is transitionCount int8_t's. */ 00323 const uint8_t *typeData; // alias into res; do not delete /** * The last year for which the transitions data are to be used * rather than the finalZone. If there is no finalZone, then this * is set to INT32_MAX. NOTE: This corresponds to the year _before_ * the one indicated by finalMillis. */ 00331 int32_t finalYear; /** * The millis for the start of the first year for which finalZone * is to be used, or DBL_MAX if finalZone is 0. NOTE: This is * 0:00 GMT Jan 1, <finalYear + 1> (not <finalMillis>). */ 00338 double finalMillis; /** * A SimpleTimeZone that governs the behavior for years > finalYear. * If and only if finalYear == INT32_MAX then finalZone == 0. */ 00344 SimpleTimeZone *finalZone; // owned, may be NULL /* BasicTimeZone support */ void clearTransitionRules(void); void deleteTransitionRules(void); void initTransitionRules(UErrorCode& status); InitialTimeZoneRule *initialRule; TimeZoneTransition *firstTZTransition; int16_t firstTZTransitionIdx; TimeZoneTransition *firstFinalTZTransition; TimeArrayTimeZoneRule **historicRules; int16_t historicRuleCount; SimpleTimeZone *finalZoneWithStartYear; // hack UBool transitionRulesInitialized; }; inline int32_t OlsonTimeZone::zoneOffset(int16_t index) const { index <<= 1; return typeOffsets[index] + typeOffsets[index+1]; } inline int32_t OlsonTimeZone::rawOffset(int16_t index) const { return typeOffsets[(uint32_t)(index << 1)]; } inline int32_t OlsonTimeZone::dstOffset(int16_t index) const { return typeOffsets[(uint32_t)((index << 1) + 1)]; } U_NAMESPACE_END #endif // !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING #endif // OLSONTZ_H //eof


text: Subscribe here: http://bit.ly/Subscribe-to-BROADLY Rose McGowan ascended to fame in the late 90s following bombshell roles in edgy horror films like The Doom Generation and Scream and in grindhouse releases like Planet Terror. While she's perhaps best known for her relationship with Marilyn Manson--which resulted in nearly naked red carpet appearances and other media drama--the actress's career has spanned over 20 years and earned her parts in dynamic projects. But after an accident made her realize she was tired and disturbed by her status as a sex symbol, McGowan took a hiatus from Hollywood. Now back on set as a director, she's calling out the sexism she endured as a young woman in Hollywood and is finally taking her creativity into her own hands. WATCH NEXT: The Abortion Pill - http://bit.ly/1DwQQSo The Power Suit: http://bit.ly/1Mf8kpw Come find us: Broadly | https://broadly.vice.com Facebook | https://www.facebook.com/BroadlyTV Twitter | https://twitter.com/broadly Tumblr | http://broadlytv.tumblr.com Instagram | https://instagram.com/broadly Pinterest | https://www.pinterest.com/broadlytv Newsletter | http://bit.ly/1JKF1oA


text:
This editorial appeared recently in the Ottawa (Ontario) Citizen.
That night in Chicago in November 2008 felt historic, and it was.
There were tears in the eyes of the older black Americans in the crowd, who had lived through the civil rights movement.
To hear Barack Obama take the stage and say, "If there's anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible, who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time, who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer."
It wasn't just a victory for the Democrats; it was a victory for the American project.
Even in Canada, we shared in the feeling of pride and wonder, as history marched past us on our television screens.
There he was with his beautiful young family, as glamorous as the Kennedys but more approachable. He was energetic, charismatic and smart. The United States had been through a lot in the George W. Bush years.
And even though it was clear by November 2008 that the economy was in serious trouble, everything did seem possible that night.
Four years later, Obama's second victory is more muted. That's as it should be.
Despite all the rhetoric about hope and change, no president can fix everything. The promise of dramatic change is a winning campaign strategy, of course -- Mitt Romney campaigned with the phrases "A better America" and "a new tomorrow."
The president can't make America new and better. He can't, by himself, solve its serious fiscal problems, reform its taxes and immigration, make it a more fair and just society. ...
Obama has another tough four years ahead, and no honeymoon this time around.
Canada, whose fortunes are so closely tied to those of the United States, will be hoping for sound policies on security, trade and fiscal responsibility.
President can't repair U.S. economy by himself
This editorial appeared recently in the Ottawa (Ontario) Citizen.


text:
Maxx to offer teen events
Published 12:23 pm, Wednesday, February 27, 2013
The Maxx in New Milford will host a variety of upcoming events.
A game night and dance for seventh- and eighth-graders will be held March 1 from 6:30 to 9:30 p.m., with $8 admission and student ID.
Magic The Gathering card game draft will be offered March 2 for students in grades 6 to 12.
For more information, visit www.TheMaxxClubOnline.com.
In addition, two other Youth Agency websites offer information about programs: www.nmsubstanceabusecouncil.org and www.youthagency.org.


text:
Q&A: Currency the latest threat to global economy
Credit: The Associated Press
LONDON — The world economy faces a new threat. Instead of a banking collapse or too much debt, fears are growing that countries are using their currencies as an economic weapon.
History suggests that's never a good thing.
If too many countries try to weaken their currencies for economic gain — sparking a "currency war" — that could stifle business confidence and investment, sow turmoil in financial markets and derail a fragile global economy.
|The article you requested is no longer available on BostonHerald.com.


text:
|CusterMen MENU:
|Italian Campaign
|At The Front
|85th Division
|GI Biographies
U.S. Uniforms:
Distinguishing Unit Insignia
Worn by Veterans of the Italian Campaign
The DUI pin was a small brass pin with enamel finish that represented a coat of arms for a specific Army unit. The shoulder patches and DUI pins worn on the US uniform were optional for some units. The DUI Pins were not worn in combat, of course; only on the dress uniform or the Ike jacket. On the lapels of the collar were usually worn a disc with "US" and the branch insignia and, below this, maybe a pair of unit insignia. There were hundreds of unit insignia pins. This page illustrates a few of the examples worn by units in Italy.
Examples of Uniforms worn in the Italian Campaign. Patches & Insignia Sleeve patches, proficiency badges and other insignia Medals & Ribbons Medals earned for service in the Italian Campaign. DUI Pins Distinguishing Unit Insigina Pins worn by units serving in Italy. Branch Discs Collar discs, indiating branch of service.
Examples Many of these examples are from my collection. Some are WW2 vintage and some are modern post-war versions.
DUI Pins
Distinguishing Unit Insignias were worn on the uniform to identify the basic unit, such as an infantry regiment or medical battalion. These were made of either brass or sterling silver and usually in the shape of a shield. Some were coated with enamel or painted. After the units went to Europe, new pins were needed for the replacement troops when they arrived. This resulted in the many pins were made locally in Germany and Italy.
Each DUI Pin traced the traditions of that unit with symbols, colors or mottos. Some units could trace their lineage back to the Civil War. Some symbols represent service in foriegn campaigns, such as fish for the Philippine Insurection or a fleur-de-lis for service in France during WW1. DUI Pins for the division was simply the division's shoulder patch represented on a pin.
The DUI Pin was optional as many units did not seem to have one. It was not worn in combat but only on the 4-pocket tunic or the "Ike" jacket. A pair was worn on the lapels of the uniform and one could be worn on the overseas cap in place of the entlisted man's disk.
The pin used one of three methods of attachment. The oldest method is the (a) screw-on pin which had one threaded stud and a large nut. Some very old ones had (b) a safety pin clasp, simliar to a safety pin. Most of the modern pins used (c) the "clutch-back pins" which used two pointed studs that had the modern spring-loaded caps.
PFC Warren G. Stichtenoth, Company C, 310th Engineer Battalion, 85th 'Custer' Division
This photos shows the DUI Pin of the 310th Engineer Battalion worn on the overseas cap in lieu of the enlisted man's branch insignia.
PFC Stichtenoth is wearing a combat jacket with a shirt, no tie, and a T-shirt. He displays the Division patch and ribbons. In his right pocket is a pen. This would be common attire for an engineer.
A color image of DUI of 310th Engineer Battalion is shown in the examples below.
More examples from Italian Campaign (Left to Right) :
- 142nd Infantry Regiment of 36th Division, "I'LL FACE YOU"
- 370th Infantry Regiment of 92nd Division, "POWER TO STRKE"
- 349th Infantry Regiment of 88th Infantry Division, "LIBERTY AND RIGHTS"
- 351st Infantry Regiment of 88th Infantry Division
- 310th Engineer Battalion of 85th Infantry Division, (Polar Bear denotes their service in Russia in 1918-19)
- 442nd Regimental Combat Team, "GO FOR BROKE" (independant unit assigned to 34th & 92nd Divisions).
(Left to Right)
- 135 Infantry Regiment of 34th Infantry Division "TO THE LAST MAN"
- 157 Infantry Regiment of 45th Infantry Division "" (Two teepees and a sea-lion figure.)
- 180 Infantry Regiment of 45th Infantry Division "TANAP NANAIYAKIA ALTHAIYANA " (Cherokee language?)
- 371 Infantry Regiment of 92nd Infantry Division "ATTACK"
- 362nd Infantry Regiment of 91st Division, "ARMA TUENTUR PACEUM"
- 85th Mountain Regiment of 10th Mtn Division "FIX BAYONETS" (mini-DUI; smaller than others)
(Left to Right)
- 328 Field Artillery Btn of 85th Infantry Division "WE ARE READY" (This version of pin does not have a scroll.)
- 329 Field Artillery Btn of 85th Infantry Division "SINE MORA"
- 337 Field Artillery Btn of 88th Infantry Division
- 143 Infantry Regiment of 36th Infantry Division "ARMS SECURE PEACE"
- 109 Engineer Battalion of 34th Infantry Division
- 168 Infantry Regiment of 34th Infantry Division "ON GUARD"
(Left to Right)
- 120 Medical Battalion of 45th Infantry Division "WE DO"
- 47 Armored Medical Battalion of 1st Armored Division (See biography of Henry Guarnere)
- 313 Medical Battalion of 88th Infantry Division "FERO SED SAND"
- 751 Tank Destroyer Btn, support unit for 5th Army, "ALWAYS TO EXCEL"
- 752 Tank Destroyer Btn, support unit for 5th Army, "FORJIS"
- 759 Tank Destroyer Btn, support unit for 5th Army.
Tradition - The design of the DUI Pin were intended to tell the story of the regiment's history and tradition that dated back to World War 1 or even as far back as Civil War or Revolutionary War. The colors usually indicated a branch of the Army; for example, blue stands for infantry and red for artillery. Some symbols on the shield represented the tradition of their origin and their local state. The bold lines, chevrons or wavey lines sometimes referred to the front lines of WW1. A Loraine cross or a fleur-de-lis also indicated service in France in WW1. Acquatic creatures represented service in the Phillipines in Spanish-American War. A prickly pear cactus represents service on the Mexican Border.
US Divisions Table - Contains images of the Division shoulder patches for ALL infantry divisions of the Army.
Also includes a table of the infantry regiments & artillery battalions for each division .
|CusterMen MENU:
|Italian Campaign
|At The Front
|85th Division
|GI Biographies


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A view of a hotel pool and surrounding neighborhood in Cienfuegos, Cuba.