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Can I restore Rman backup tape to a new DRC server? If yes, please tell me how to go about it?
Thanks in advance.
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Can I restore Rman backup tape to a new DRC server? If yes, please tell me how to go about it?
Thanks in advance.
You can try the steps outlined in the note below
Restoring an RMAN Backup to Another Node
In certain circumstances, it may be desirable to restore a database from an RMAN
backup onto a machine other than the original host. For example, to recover
data at a given point in time, or to duplicate a production instance.
From version 8.1.5, the RMAN 'duplicate' command could be used, as discussed in
Note:73912.1. However, prior to 8.1.5, the 'duplicate' command does not exist.
The example assumes:
- the target database is on host A
- the database is to be restored onto host B
- the directory structure of host B is different to host A
- the ORACLE_SID will not change for the restored database
- a recovery catalog is being used
- the backups were carried out to disk (for illustrative purposes, and to
disassociate from any media manager specific issues)
The following steps are required:
- backup the target on host A
- list the datafile locations on host A
- make the backup available to host B
- make a copy of the init.ora available to host B
- edit the init.ora to reflect directory structure changes
- configure SQL*Net connectivity from host to the recovery catalog and
duplicated database
- set up a password file for the duplicated database
- startup nomount the duplicated database
- RMAN restore the controlfile(s)
- mount the database
- restore and rename the datafiles
- recover and open the database
These steps are expanded further below.
1.0 Backup the Target on Host A
The target database needs to be backed up using RMAN.
The following is one example of RMAN doing an online database backup. In this
example, the backup sets are written to disk.
run {
allocate channel t1 type disk;
allocate channel t2 type disk;
allocate channel t3 type disk;
#backup the whole db
tag whole_database_open
format '/oracle/backups/BFS/df_%u'
# switch out of the current logfile
sql 'alter system archive log current';
#backup the archived logs
archivelog all
format '/oracle/backups/BFS/al_%u';
# backup a copy of the controlfile that contains records for the
# other backups just made
current controlfile
tag = cf1
format '/oracle/backups/BFS/cf_%u';
2.0 List Datafile Locations on Host A
The datafile numbers and location on host A are required. These datafile
locations will change on host B (see Section 7.3).
SVRMGR> select file#, name from v$datafile;
file# name
----- ------------------------------
1 /oracle/OFA_base/u01/oradata/V805X/system01.dbf
2 /oracle/OFA_base/u01/oradata/V805X/rbs01.dbf
3 /oracle/OFA_base/u01/oradata/V805X/temp01.dbf
4 /oracle/OFA_base/u01/oradata/V805X/tools01.dbf
5 /oracle/OFA_base/u01/oradata/V805X/users01.dbf
6 /oracle/OFA_base/u01/oradata/V805X/users02.dbf
7 /oracle/OFA_base/u01/oradata/V805X/rbs02.dbf
8 /oracle/OFA_base/u01/oradata/V805X/rcvcat.dbf
The log file names should also be recorded (see Section 7.4).
SVRMGR> select group#, member from v$logfile;
group# member
----- ------------------------------
1 /oracle/OFA_base/u01/oradata/V805X/redo01.log
2 /oracle/OFA_base/u01/oradata/V805X/redo02.log
3 /oracle/OFA_base/u01/oradata/V805X/redo03.log
3.0 Make the Backups Available to Host B
3.1 Disk Backups
During restore, RMAN will expect the backup sets to be located in the same
directory as written to during the backup. For disk backups, the DBA can
accomplish this in many ways:
- set up an NFS directory, mounted on both host A and host B
- create the same directory structure on host A and host B
- use of symbolic links on host B
3.2 Tape Backups
The media management software must be configured such that host B is a
media manager client, and can read the backup sets. The media management
vendor should be consulted for support on this issue.
4.0 init.ora on host B
The "init.ora" needs to be made available on host B. Any location specific
parameters must be ammended. For example,
- ifile
- *_dump_dest
- log_archive_dest*
- control_files
5.0 SQL*Net configuration
If running rman from host A:
a. connectivity to the catalog remains unchanged
b. configure tnsnames.ora on host A to connect to duplicated db on host B
configure listener.ora on host B to accept connections for duplicated
If running rman from host B:
a. configure tnsnames.ora on host B to connect to catalog
listener.ora on catalog host remains unchanged
b. configure tnsnames.ora on host B to connect to duplicated db on host B
configure listener.ora on host B to accept connections for duplicated
If running rman from host C (ie, neither host A or host B):
a. connectivity to the catalog remains unchanged
b. configure tnsnames.ora on host C to connect to duplicated db on host B
configure listener.ora on host B to accept connections for duplicated
6.0 Setup Password File
In order to allow RMAN remote connections, a password file must be setup
for the duplicated database. For example,
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=kernel
7.0 Recover Duplicated Database
7.1 startup nomount the database
SVRMGR> startup nomount pfile=
7.2 restore the controlfile(s)
For example,
allocate channel c1 type disk;
restore controlfile;
7.2 mount the database
SVRMGR> alter database mount;
7.3 rename and restore the datafiles, and perform database recovery
RMAN can be used to change the location of the datafiles from the location
on host A (see Section 2) to the new location on host B.
For example,
run {
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate channel c3 type disk;
set newname for datafile 1 to '/oracle/datafiles/system01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 2 to '/oracle/datafiles/rbs01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 3 to '/oracle/datafiles/temp01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 4 to '/oracle/datafiles/tools01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 5 to '/oracle/datafiles/users01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 6 to '/oracle/datafiles/users02.dbf';
set newname for datafile 7 to '/oracle/datafiles/rbs02.dbf';
set newname for datafile 8 to '/oracle/datafiles/rcvcat.dbf';
restore database;
switch datafile all;
7.4 recover and open the database
Perform incomplete recovery:
SVRMGR> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
Forward the database applying archived redo log files until you decide
to stop recovery by typing cancel at the prompt (assuming that you have
required archived redo log files in the log_archive_dest directory)
You may archive the source database redo log files and apply them at
the target database if required.
SVRMGR> alter database open resetlogs;
Note: this will create the online redo logs in the same location as that
on host A. If this directory location does not exist, then this will fail
ora-344 : unable to recreate online log
The workaround is to rename the logfiles prior to opening the database:
SVRMGR> alter database rename file
' to ' ';
Alternatively, the logfile groups can be dropped and recreated. However,
attempts to drop the current logfile group will fail. The current logfile
must be renamed.
Hi Hrishy,
Thank you for your reply.... this information should be enough for my restoration..


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Wichita, Kan. - Katie Tooley of Ottawa University (Kan.) has been named Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference Sports Information Director of the Year. Tooley will be formally recognized at the 2014 KCAC Football Media Day, held on Wednesday, August 6th in Wichita, Kansas.
The Sports Information Director of the Year award is based on a vote of Sports Information Directors working at each Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference member institution.
Tooley has been a member of the Ottawa University staff since 2006. She is in charge of sports information and communications for 18 intercollegiate teams. She creates and distributes news releases to media outlets, compiles statistics for all OU sports, and archives the team and student-athlete information. She is in charge of game day programs, media guides, and games notes for all sports.
"Having outstanding professionals in the field of sports information at the level that we do in the KCAC is invaluable to our conference and institutions. The profession and its level of importance and impact has grown by leaps and bounds over the years and will only continue to grow," stated Arabie Conner, Ottawa University Director of Athletics.
During her tenure at Ottawa, 20 of her publications have earned NAIA-Sports Information Directors Association (NAIA-SIDA) honors, with two being named the best in the NAIA. Tooley has earned two Citations for Excellence in Publications in Division C for her combined men's and women's basketball media guides.
"We're very proud and fortunate to have Katie promoting our athletic department and she is very deserving of this recognition. Her work ethic and passion to always provide coaches, fans, and media outlets the most up-to-date information is exceptional and is very worthy of this recognition," said Conner.
In addition to her work with the College, Tooley volunteers his services at conference events. Serving at the KCAC Men's & Women's Basketball championships, Soccer championships, Softball championship tournament, and baseball championship tournament. Tooley volunteers as a youth softball and basketball coach. She also serves as Secretary of the NAIA-SIDA.
Tooley is the first KCAC Sports Information Director to win the award twice. The award was established in 2008 - 2009, Tooley won her first award in 2009 - 2010.
Tooley is a 2001 graduate of Ottawa University with a BA degree in history. She also holds a BS in Information Resource Science degree from Emporia State University, received in 2003.
Prior to joining the OU administrative staff, Tooley was a SID intern at Creighton University, and was a sports information assistant at Ottawa University.
Previous KCAC Sports Information Director of the Year Winners
2012 - 2013: Scott Nuss, Southwestern
2011 - 2012: David Toelle, Kansas Wesleyan
2010 - 2011: Alan Grosbach, McPherson
2009 - 2010: Katie Tooley, Ottawa
2008 - 2009: Carol Swenson, McPherson

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The next Mars rover, Curiosity, rolls across the Martian surface in this artist's concept. The car-sized rover is scheduled for launch as early as November 26, with arrival at Mars next summer. Also known as Mars Science Laboratory, the nuclear-powered rover carries an impressive suite of instruments to evaluate the habitability of Mars both now and in the distant past. [NASA/JPL]
You are here
Mars Science Laboratory II
When the Viking landers of the 1970s first began "sniffing" for Martian life, they caused quite a stir. One of their experiments found evidence that microscopic organisms were thriving in the soil. But a second experiment soon quashed that hope. It found no evidence of organic compounds — the chemical building blocks of life. Most mission scientists concluded that the evidence from the first experiment was caused by a simple chemical reaction in the soil, and that Mars was lifeless.
A new mission to Mars will make a much more detailed search for organics. It won't search for life itself, but its findings could reveal whether conditions on Mars were ever conducive for life.
Mars Science Laboratory is the most ambitious mission to the Red Planet to date. It consists of a nuclear-powered rover that's as big as a car. It'll spend a full Mars year or longer roaming around a region that looks like it was once wet and warm.
Its suite of instruments includes a small chemical laboratory for analyzing samples of rock and soil scooped up by a robotic arm. The lab will search for organics and other elements that are essential for life, including water.
The rover will also look for minerals and microscopic structures that could have been created by living organisms — telling us whether the Red Planet might once have been green.
One thing scientists hope the rover won't do is infect Mars with life from Earth. More about that tomorrow.
Script by Damond Benningfield, Copyright 2011
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Yes, allowing people to actually pay (and play) when they want to, and not be forced to feel like they HAVE to get their money's worth with a subscription system, is proven to be better for both the gamer AND the company.
I had never previously paid any money to play an MMO before LotRO. I used to play Ultima Online, first as a free 1-month trial and then on free unoffical servers many years ago. I joined LotRO a few months ago because it was free to play, and I quickly became hooked. It is a very high-quality game and very fun to play. Yes, I admit it is very commercialized because there is a 'store' built right into the game, and you can purchase points to buy things in-game. These things include additional content, quests and such, items, and lots of other 'little' things that can make things more convenient and/or fun.
But the beauty of it is -- you don't need to purchase _anything_ from the store to play through the main quest line, or to go to any area in the game except the major expansons. You can also _earn_ points without paying real money for them, just by playing the game. So I could avoid a monthly fee altogether and just throw a couple of bucks at it if there's something I want, or I could earn it by playing. And the stuff you spend the points on does not really imbalance the game. Sure, you can level a little bit faster or you can fast-travel to distant lands a bit more easily, but it's not like the free players are at a huge disadvantage.
I played for about a month and then I purchased the big expansion for the game, Mines of Moria. You need to be level 45+ to really go to the expansion area, anyway.. So along with this expansion I got a 'free' month of 'VIP' access, which includes many of the perks you can purchase using the points system. I really liked having these things after my free trial expired, so I decided to continue my VIP access by paying $10/month. I still play this game every day, so why not? But if I ever start playing less frequently, I can completely stop paying any money and still reap the benefits that I have unlocked already. That, to me, is really awesome. If this were WoW, if I stopped paying I could not play at all, period. It's a really ingenious system, IMO.
Just out of curiousity, does the name "Mytharria" mean anything to you?
It certainly does to me! I wasted several years of my life there. Hell, I could probably even blame it for flunking out of college the first time around. Heh. Still, if I could put mytharria.org,2593 in my login.cfg right now and start playing again, I would in a heartbeat. Believe it or not, I have an old mytharria.tgz that's been sitting on my hard drive for years (the file date says 12/25/2001) that's the entire POL run environment for the server at some point, I think the "Dawn's Rising". Don't ask me h
*stab stab*
-- Qamos
Hahah, wow, brings back memories.
to get all your characters mounts instead of buying them with real money. You can also use this trick to get all your bags too.
There's a reason that collecting many small payments spread over time will usually result in higher total revenue than getting one lump sump as a monthly subscription. It's the same reason that an "all-you-can-gamble" slot machine (e.g. penny slot machine but deposit $20, unlimited plays until you leave) would be much less profitable for casinos. They get you every time you need that one next thing.
It makes you feel like you can afford more, even though you end up paying more in the long run. And it's becom
Also for the free players and non subscribers the whole purchasing system is presented very well. In the initial areas everything is unlocked, all quests are available and the main storyline is always available. Later on though you will start seeing little golden buttons and small messages saying you can buy so and so content whenever you encounter something locked. You can then simply rightclick the button/npc and it will open up the ingame browser and take you to the store where you can quickly and easily
Yes, allowing people to actually pay per minute when they want to, and not be forced to feel like they HAVE to get their money's worth with a flatrate Internet connection, is proven to be better for both the gamer AND the company.
It's more the "the first shot is free" business model, what they make money on are the addicts who typically spend way, way much more than they would in a subscription system while the casuals get a free game. Kinda like going to Las Vegas to not gamble, they even give you "free" c
I'd say it shows that people like to be 'winners' even if they have to pay real money for it.
If I can obtain an item by reaching level X - or by paying $5 and showing off the item, then certain people will just cough up.
s long as they can't buy something that can't be reasonably earned in game, I have no problem with that.
Turbine does cash-shops properly. I play DDO, but I hear LotR is the same: none of the items you can buy for cash are particularly useful in the end-game. The Korean MMOs are different: cash and plenty of it is the only way to be competitive in the end game. But that turns off most US players, and the Turbine games don't use that model.
At least in DDO, most of the utility items you can buy for cash don't work in raids. The equippable items you can buy are nice when your first character is level 3, but are basically vendor trash items (still, when you're just starting off, paying 50 cents for a +2 sword or whatever can be attractive, but no one will be impressed by it). The main thing people buy is content, just piecemeal instead of subscription-based: a dungeon here, a playable race there.
It was never unprofitable.
It was never unprofitable.
That may be true, but if they were making a profit it was a tiny one. A good friend of mine works at Turbine, and things were very tight and not looking good for a long time. It sounds like they were very close to shutting down entirely when Warner Bros. bought them last year and brought a nice infusion of cash, which allowed them to try the free-to-play model that seems to be working out well (also allowed them to hire some new people and pay the bonuses and raises they had been going without for years).
That may be true, but if they were making a profit it was a tiny one. A good friend of mine works at Turbine, and things were very tight and not looking good for a long time. It sounds like they were very close to shutting down entirely when Warner Bros. bought them last year and brought a nice infusion of cash, which allowed them to try the free-to-play model that seems to be working out well (also allowed them to hire some new people and pay the bonuses and raises they had been going without for years)
The DDO switch to free-to-play happened well before the Warner buyout, and the profitability shown by that change is, I suspect, one of the things that made Warner think they were a good acquisition. The LotRO switch to F2P was just a follow-up, with the hopes that it would prove as profitable as the DDO switch had been.
When this show started 10 years ago the amount of servers for a 1000 person "shard" was measured in racks, by the end of this decade I would not be surprised to see 1000 person servers on a single blade.
I don't know why people assume running an MMO server would be so costly - the amount of RAM that goes into simply running the 3D engine for the Client can store a lot of relevant information for a server that doesn't have to render a thing.
The load probably goes up a lot in a PvP MMO with collisions than in a PvE MMO without collisions. Also the need for low latency is higher in PvP (With PvE the client can predict monster movements more easily)
Um, that's why the headline and summary say "REVENUE" and not "PROFIT." There is a difference. Unless you are a troll who made an ignorant post on purpose, you should know what words mean before you accuse the whole article of being a fraud.
They basically resold a game that had already been made to players that had already purchased it but no longer wanted to pay a monthly fee. Once those players have bought up all that content (again) they are done spending money unless Turbine generates a lot more content. I'll give them credit, their free to play model is the best one out yet... but they certainly didn't triple their profits.
That's not really true. The big advantage to the F2P model isn't forcing players to re-buy content, but rather to draw in new players. Which is exactly what's happening (at least in DDO - can't speak for LotRO since I don't play it). There are still plenty of "old-timers", a lot of whom still pay for "VIP" (subscription) status. But the number of new players outnumber the old-timers by at least 5 to 1. The F2P switch has allowed them to increase their player base substantially.
And in the case of DDO, a
Without some dollars to measure, the words "tripiling" sounds fantastic. 3x a small number can still be a small number.
3-4 times the number of players and most of them new == how much higher customer support cost?
How many people made one-time purchases during that time that allows them to do everything they want without paying for a monthly subscription ever again?
Which month compared to what? Turbine spent the year before f2p mostly on implementing f2p and very little was offered to make people resubscribe. It makes a big difference whether the 1/3rd is right before f2p (in the void so to speak) or whether it is d
To my knowledge, Turbine states that free players don't get customer support; they can post on the forums, but can't use the customer support system.
VIP players (aka, those who pay a subscription fee) get full customer support, and Premium players (those who have paid Turbine for something related to the game, at any point) get support for 30 days past the last time they bought Turbine Points.
This really echoes a lot of what we've seen throughout the entertainment industry in general. It's really about letting players make their choices about how they play.
When I read this my BS alarm nearly knocked me off my chair. I get that when you are extracting money from people for data base entries, a very glib way of looking at it I know but bare with me here, you have to come up with some line of bs to mask that fact.
And I'm not trying to say that the guy has to be totally forthright. Further I know that people are indeed getting value for their dollar in terms of entertainment. But could he have said something that sounds a little less full of crap?
You seem to be misunderstanding the way this works. Sure, Turbine sells database entries for cash, but mostly they sell piecewise access to the content that subscribers get. You can pay $15/month, or $5/dungeon. That really is about letting players make chocies about how they pay/play. This seems to work pretty well in practice - lots of younger players buy content $5 here and $10 there as they have a little money, but they can keep replaying old content in the meantime and keep the social aspect of the
Fair enough. I almost did not post anything here because I could see that I was not knowledgeable enough about that MMOs pay model to really say anything of value. But I've got karma to burn so screw it heh.
On a side note, where was your sig for 8 years when we went from a federal surplus to a deficit?
On a side note, where was your sig for 8 years when we went from a federal surplus to a deficit?
I hadn't realized, quantitatively, just how bad things were. But the past two years have been brutal - the debt has increased more under two years of Obama than it did under 8 years of Bush (not that the president really has all that much to do with it, it's just a convenient lable for the timeframe). This isn't a problem that a president can fix - we the voters need to realize that even though government program X may be a good idea in principle, we're out of money, and nearly out of borrowed money.
Our o
That kept in me Everquest for one more month though - it's a blast at first. It's also a great idea for a different PvP model, where you don't need to do any grinding to play on the monster side (but also don't accumulate stuff).
I believe they are reworking the monster play and making it f2p as well.
What other game can you play as a real monster (4 legged warg, 6 legged spider, etc) against other people?
Minions of Mirth. So-so as a MMO, but there's free play for a limited levelcap, and a one-time fee for the full game.
I have to agree on the summary, and point out it's one of the reasons we (me and my girlfriend) stopped playing LOTRO. We're not hardcore players, never reached the max level with any characters (though our mains came close) and there were months when we played little or nothing. It just didn't feel right paying for. In fact, had our accounts not been so old as to have been deleted, we'd have taken it up again after it became F2P.
I think this also reveals a major problem of MMORPGs - the whole grinding mean
Your account was there, but the characters were not. But having said that, I quit playing in the spring of 2008 because I didn't have time (or money) for an MMO. When I came back for F2P, my accounts were still there (beta and release) with all of my characters on the production servers. I have since picked up copies of Moria ($10 ea) for both and upgraded to 5 char slots; with 5 bags, no gold cap, and mounts on all my characters. I also burnt off about 30k destiny points that I never bothered to use wh
We're not hardcore players, never reached the max level with any characters (though our mains came close) and there were months when we played little or nothing. It just didn't feel right paying for.
That's why I quit EQOA Frontiers and Final Fantasy XI, I liked the games, but coudln't really devote a lot of time to them. I remember joining a guild in EQOA and getting kicked out when I wasn't leveling fast enough to help out guildmates. I couldn't really blame them either.
I even tried the WoW trial and liked it as well, but know I'd never be able to devote the time necessary to do the stuff other people think are "required" like spending hours every night raiding and whatnot.
I play the free FreeRealms
Been tempted by the free DDO and LOTRO, but they don't have Linux clients.
Don't know about DDO but LOTRO is rated gold/platinum for Linux under Wine, if you've got moderate Linux skills it looks like a relatively small effort to get it working.
Hm, then I have forgotten the login data and my e-mail and birthday have changed.
I'm actually pretty disappointed by LoTRO going F2P.
DDO (another Turbine game) was dying and had no choice but to make the switch, but LoTRO was (as far as I know) doing fine.
I was considering going back to LoTRO after a long break, but now that they've switched to the "kids with mommy's credit card rule supreme" method that's not going to happen.
I have no problem with games supported by microtransactions existing, but it's pretty tiresome to hear people go on and on about how it's the best MMO payment opti
Yeah, the main thing sold through the cash shop is the basic content. It's more "kids with mommy's credit card blow it all on hairstlyes and armor appearance kits" (I've seen that exact complaint on the forums, as anyone on the account can spend the points once you buy them).
Except you are wrong, kids with mommy's credit card don't rule supreme, they just level faster. You can buy stat buffs but they're relatively worthless and can be earned in game. You can buy XP boosts, but all they do is count as rested XP, and the cost isn't really worth it. You can buy traits, except those can also be earned in game.
I was VIP and now I'm free to play because money is tight. The only perceptible difference I can see is that now I don't earn rested XP. I have a bunch of points they gave me
Obviously, this is the opposite of Warcraft, which is monthly subscriptions, but that also lets you buy a variety of microtransactions. The other game I play routinely is Valve's Team Fortress 2 via Steam, which has no monthly fee, but has a ridiculous array of little extras and add-ons and play-changing toys you can buy for extra cash when you feel like it--but you don't need even one.
How does LotR compare versus those?
In that scale, LOTRO is more on the line of TF2, but it sits somewhere in the middle. The items provided are usually along the lines of buying a gun from the TF2 store. It helps save time, but doesn't cause balance issues for those that don't want to use the store. There are content packs that are only available for pay, so that's like valve releasing 1-2 new maps that only paying users can connect to. The concept doesn't work well in the TF2 sense because it would mean servers having to be distinguished ba
Or sweeties as us Brits call them.
Anyway, go free, get mass publicity, get 10x as many players, hook them in and when they're at their weakest offer them cheap ways to get whatever they want in game.
What I'd be curious about is the extent to which this has changed player demographics.
Back when I was playing LotRO, one of the primary attractions was that the average player was several years older than on WoW and similar subscription-based MMOs (something in the early 30's, according to Turbine folks at Austin GDC). This had a significant effect: a whole lot less of the trash-talking and harassment that tends to come with younger playerbases. Free-to-play games such as Runescape tend to attract younger people (primarily for economic reasons), but with that comes more behavioral problems.
Can folks who have been through the change tell me whether the free-to-play model has brought a change in the "character" of the playerbase? I might want to come back, but not if the primary attraction (a serious, literary playerbase who are there for the backstory and setting) is now a "u r teh g@y" pit.
Well, for DDO (another freemium Turbine game), the demographics shifted a lot younger, as you might expect. However, it's a remarkably polite crowd, by MMO standards. I don't know why, but within a week you level out of the ""u r teh g@y" pit" (and you can earn or buy an option to start at level 4, making it take only a couple of nights to leave the annoying chat behind). I can't explain why the childishness is confined to just the starting levels, as it's not particularly difficult to level up. You cer
The beginner zones in the game seem pretty mixed in terms of quality. In general you'll see a lot of young pukes that don't necessarily care about anything and run around acting like crud. I generally didn't have too much o f a problem with it, but occasionally I'd have to turn off global messages just to stop listening to a particularly inane conversation. Once you start to leave the beginner areas, the quality of the conversation and population seem to rise a lot. I suppose the kids that really have littl
You can measure a programmer's perspective by noting his attitude on the continuing viability of FORTRAN. -- Alan Perlis


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So many books, so little time
And now that I've commented, I may as well add that I finished Dubliners , which had one of the most beautfiul quotes I've ever read in it. From the story "The Dead":
"His soul swooned slowly as he heard the snow falling faintly through the universe and faintly falling, like the descent of their last end, upon all the living and the dead.
Sigh. Lovely.
And I've now moved onto A Clash of Kings


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Today's technology for today's economy at UH HiloUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Hilo
Director, Media Relations, University Relations
The University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo College of Continuing Education and Community Service is offering two online courses to help provide skills and information vital in today's tough economy and job market.
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On April 9, 2013, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS) on NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites captured images of clouds developing over Sri Lanka in the span of a few hours around midday.
The white clouds over this Indian Ocean island are known as cumulus humilis, or fair-weather cumulus clouds. They are mostly composed of liquid water and can last between five and forty minutes. The clouds have flat bottoms, rounded tops, are not very tall; the tops of the clouds (usually no more than 3,000 meters or 10,000 feet) indicate the limit of the rising air. Cumulus humilis usually have a longer horizontal length and less height than cumulus congestus, or foul-weather clouds, which grow taller.
The top image, captured by Terra around 10:30 a.m. local time (15:30 Universal Time), shows a number of the flattened, cotton-like cumulus humilis clouds. By the time Aqua passed over Sri Lanka around 1:30 p.m. (18:30 UTC), more clouds covered the island. (The silvery water to the west of the island is sunglint, the mirror-like reflection of sunlight back toward the satellite sensor.) The difference in the clouds can be attributed to the sea breeze effect, a pattern of air flow from sea to land.
Land and water both absorb the Sun's energy. However, the air over land heats up much faster than the air over water, so the land air rises and creates a low-pressure area. The air over the water gusts into the low-pressure area over land, creating a sea breeze. As this humid ocean air moves inland, it combines with the rising land air masses, begins to condense, and forms clouds. The sea breeze effect is stronger when the Sun is highest in the sky and temperatures are the hotter in the afternoon, leading to more cloud formation later in the day.
Further Reading
- Florida Forest Service (2004) Sea Breeze. Accessed July 19, 2013.
- Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology Sea breezes on the NSW coast. Accessed July 19, 2013.
- National Weather Service Jet Stream (2008) The Sea Breeze. Accessed July 19, 2013.
NASA images by Rob Simmon, based on data from the LANCE/EOSDIS MODIS Rapid Response Team at NASA GSFC. Caption by Kasha Patel.
- Instrument(s):
- Terra - MODIS
- Aqua - MODIS


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I've found that an attempt to approach a mind-boggling manifestation of evil such as the Shoah involves a series of steps. For many years, it was an abstract event in my mind, akin to the pilot's vision of the city he has just bombarded. It wasn't until I was in my early forties, settled near the Jewish heart of Paris, that I started to acquire a more complete concrete awareness of the exact nature of Nazi monstrosities. Since then, I've been trying constantly, not to "understand" such unfathomable cases of Man's inhumanity towards his fellow men, but to resolve my conception of these events into a vast but vague philosophical context.
In asking French schoolchildren to adopt, as it were, the memory of young victims of the Shoah, Nicolas Sarkozy is no doubt inspired by fine and profound intentions. But I find that he's asking far too much of young minds, not yet capable of grasping the existence of total evil. It's a risky operation, in that nobody can know beforehand the extent to which a particular child will succeed in assimilating the horror of what happened, and how that child is likely to attempt to resolve his/her revelations. There's a danger, I believe, of traumatizing children. Visions of the Shoah are too heavy a burden for tender eyes. There's time enough, later on in life, for such images of Hell.


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Obama Urges Gadhafi To Step Down; No-Fly Zone; Arming the Rebels?
Aired May 10, 1997March 3, 2011 - 19:00 ET
JOHN KING, CNN ANCHOR: Thanks Wolf and good evening everyone. Tonight bloody stalemate in Libya and the debate over what comes next is complicated by disagreements over whether and how outside military force could be used to remove Moammar Gadhafi from power. At the moment though Libya is a tale of two countries, and an uncertain tale at that. Rebel forces have control here in the eastern areas near Algeria (ph) and al-Brega, right here, that despite another day of bombing runs by the Libyan Air Force targeting its own citizens. And Colonel Gadhafi remains in control of the capital of Tripoli to the west here, where residents describe a climate of constant fear and intimidation, so much that if you take a look at this picture we are still told that the rate of about 15,000 a day, refugees are going across the border. Not Libyans yet. Most of the refugees are foreign workers. But they are leaving because of the climate. And you see here, Ras Ajir ((ph) -- this is the border with Tunisia. They are leaving from Libya going across into Tunisia. Still at the rate, we are told of about 15,000 a day. At the White House today President Obama conceded he is worried a long stalemate could be bloody and says the administration is considering a list of humanitarian and military options, but caution is the watch word for the administration's response, though the president did say Libya's dictator could end this crisis immediately. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) BARACK OBAMA, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: Colonel Gadhafi needs to step down from power and leave. That is good for his country. It is good for his people. It's the right thing to do. (END VIDEO CLIP) KING: But with the White House still reluctant to use military assets to impose a no-fly zone over Libya, criticism that the president is being too timid is mounting. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) SEN. JOSEPH LIEBERMAN (I), CONNECTICUT: We believe Gadhafi has to go. But we have to do more than just say that. (END VIDEO CLIP) KING: That's Senator Joe Lieberman there. More on the military options in a moment, but first let's get straight to the ground in Tripoli. Our senior international correspondent Nic Robertson is there. And Nic, you were out and about today seeing very important and dramatic changes to the security situation. NIC ROBERTSON, CNN SR. INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: John, we've just driven back into the city. We've been out all day and have come back in from the west. We've been all the way to the Tunisian border along the highway there, but it's when you get back to the capital here and some of the contested areas, half an hour, 40 minutes drive from the capital, you really begin to see how much security has been stepped up here. We were passing checkpoint after checkpoint on the wing (ph) road around the city here. These checkpoints are being manned by soldiers with their (ph) fixed on their weapons. These are professional looking soldiers in the proper uniforms, with standard issued weapons. Not only that -- not only them at their checkpoints but heavy artillery pieces, two heavy artillery pieces at each checkpoint -- one checkpoint had four tanks on it. The security level we're seeing tonight appears to being stepped up in advance of expected protests on Friday. People, anti-government protesters have said they will try to use the Friday prayers at noon to stake protests because they say the mosques are the only place they really feel safe, and it seems that the government is really ringing the city in steel to try and make sure no rebels get in from the outside and that they contain whatever happens inside the city -- John. KING: And Nic, you said you were out of the city taking a tour. You went over to the Tunisian border. Describe what it's like as you leave Tripoli and head out to the west here. Here's Tripoli -- I'm showing people on the map -- out toward the border of Tunisia. How does it -- how does the terrain change, the climate change, the security situation change as you make that move? ROBERTSON: You know this is -- some people describe it as the sort of golden (INAUDIBLE) and there are six million or so people that live in Libya there, a large percentage, including Tripoli, live along the coast of the border there. It's an economic heartland. It has got oil refineries. It's -- there's a lot of agricultural production in that area as well. As you leave Tripoli, you pass those checkpoints of ring (ph) of steel on the (INAUDIBLE) on the outskirts. Then when you get close -- then when you get close to where the oil refining town -- now interestingly we didn't go through the center of that town this time rather than the last time when government officials took us into the center of the town and we met rebels, armed rebels. This time they drove us around the town to the oil refinery. The oil refinery appears to be working correctly. Officials told us it hadn't been attacked even (INAUDIBLE) few miles from the rebels. We drove on to the next town (INAUDIBLE). We drove through the middle of that town, anti-Gadhafi graffiti being cleaned off the walls as we drove through. And then the next town a different story again -- we did a loop around that town, diverting around it. That's the town rebels say that control. And on that diversion almost every few hundred yards there were checkpoints manned by civilians with weapons. Getting to the border we passed well over 30 checkpoints from the city here -- John. KING: Nic Robertson for us tonight live in Tripoli -- a dramatic day there. Nic we'll stay in touch. Thank you very much. And again in a moment we'll map out some of the military options people are considering that the president so much -- has so much caution about. But first let's zoom in on this area right here, al-Brega here, Ajdabiya (ph) here. This area here under rebel control at the moment, but this is growing into a very tense and unpredictable civil war. The Libyan military continued bombing runs in the eastern part of the country today targeting the towns of al-Brega and Ajdabiya (ph). We find our Ben Wedeman in eastern Libya and Ben, as these attacks play out, tell us the impact of this -- having. Is it taking a toll on the opposition forces or is it rallying them to do more? BEN WEDEMAN, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: If anything it's rallying them to do more. What we've seen is that throughout the day after these early morning air raids, the opposition forces are increasing in number and increasing in the kind of weaponry they're deploying on the front lines. We were at the main checkpoint in Brega, and we saw that they have a lot more weaponry. They have anti- tank guns, anti-aircraft guns. They even have shoulder launched surface-to-air missiles that are all deployed around Brega. More and more volunteer fighters coming and there even seems to be a little better organization in terms of command and control, which is something we didn't see yesterday during the day long battle, which was very chaotic, but despite that, they won. The air raids have really enraged people because of course there's a sort of this visceral anger at Moammar Gadhafi for the fact that he is using the Libyan Air Force against his own people. So what we're seeing is, in fact it looks like preparations to start taking the battle forward. There are -- rebels are talking to us about trying to take the town of (INAUDIBLE) which is where another of these key petroleum facilities, refineries and export facilities is. And they're saying if they can take that they may move on to Sert (ph), which of course is the hometown of Moammar Gadhafi -- John. KING: And yet, Ben, if they carry out those ambitious plans and start to move toward Tripoli and take those two key towns their vulnerability would be from the skies above. Is there a frustration that the international community keeps talking about the possibility of a no-fly zone but is unwilling at this point to take that step? WEDEMAN: Well you know there are a lot of sort of different opinions about any sort of foreign intervention. They -- many Libyans say they definitely will not accept foreign forces on the ground. They're not altogether enthusiastic about the idea of air strikes. But one thing everyone in the opposition agrees upon is that they really need this no-fly zone to be imposed because despite their appearance of growing strength, growing confidence, the opposition forces realize that their Achilles heel is the fact they have no air cover. That they are exposed to these Libyan Air Force jets, which can hit at will. Until now they've either been just unlucky in terms of the targeting. There haven't been a lot of casualties from the bomb themselves, but that could easily change just with one incident. So just to stress again, the one thing the opposition seems to agree on is that they need that no-fly zone imposed as quickly as possible -- John. KING: Ben Wedeman continuing his fabulous reporting for us in eastern Libya -- Ben thank you. And so why is the president and the Pentagon reluctant to impose that fly zone? What would it take? Joining me here at the "Magic Wall" for some perspective, retired U.S. Army General George Joulwan and former NATO Supreme Allied Commander -- and General, you imposed a no-fly zone during the Bosnia conflict. When you look at the map here -- I want to start with what Ben Wedeman was just talking about. And I want to look at some of the weapons the Libyan Air Force has because these guys are worried right now, the rebels out there, that they're being struck by Air Force planes. And they want a no-fly zone. And they want the United States and its allies to take out this anti-aircraft, essentially to take out the Air Force and to take out anti-aircraft. What's important about this? GEN. GEORGE JOULWAN, U.S. ARMY (RET.): Well first of all, I think you have to make sure you understand there's an extensive anti- aircraft belt of missiles and anti-aircraft weapons along both sides of the Gulf of Sidra (ph) and to take it out it's going to take a very coordinated, well disciplined and a large NATO or U.S. force to be able to do that. KING: And no way to have a no-fly zone to keep those pilots safe -- (CROSSTALK) KING: -- unless you take -- (CROSSTALK) JOULWAN: -- all that out and that's going to require jammers, as we call them. It's going to require all kinds of other support aircraft to do it. KING: Here's why they want that taken out. Because what is being used against -- you have Mirage fighter jets and these are Russian fighter jets being used against the rebels. How do you ground these? JOULWAN: Well part of that is to take the aircraft out as well from the air field. Now when you do that those are acts of war and we have to understand that and it's going to take I think a coordinated effort, if it's going to happen at all, with NATO and other nations cooperating to make this happen. But it is not an easy task and you need to know what you're going in for before you go in. KING: Well you mentioned you need to know what you're going in for before you get in. I want to close this down because I want to come back to the map here and I want to just show some of the weapons that have come in from the United States -- I'm sorry -- wrong one -- (INAUDIBLE) close this down -- some of the things that have come in from the United States. You say you need a lot. The "Kearsarge" has passed through Suez Canal. It is now up here in the Med. These are other assets up in the Med, but mostly smaller ships, command-and-control ships, one carrier group waiting in the Suez Canal. You can do some no-fly zone off a carrier, but you would have to instead if you want to do it aggressively, you would have to use probably the same places you were back in -- I'm going to come out to this other map -- you would probably use the same places you used during Bosnia -- correct? JOULWAN: That's right. (CROSSTALK) KING: NATO bases in Italy. JOULWAN: NATO bases in Italy and this here is the southernmost base. We have U.S. air base in Aviano (ph) and the Italians let us use all their bases really to support what we did in the no-fly zone in Bosnia. KING: So if you were in your current position at NATO right now -- JOULWAN: Yes. KING: -- and the White House called -- the defense secretary called and they said, General, can we do this? I assume the answer is yes to can. What about should? JOULWAN: You can do it but you need to have what is the clarity of mission for this operation? Is it to eliminate the anti-aircraft? Is it to get the people out? Are you willing to take the risk it involves if something goes wrong? You get a plane shot down, et cetera, et cetera. There are other parts of this that need to be examined, the rules of engagement, et cetera before you go in, John. KING: Right and when you look here at things Gadhafi has including a mustard gas factor right here, can you take that out from above or would you have to do in -- if you were worried that Gadhafi in a blaze of destruction at the end was going to use mustard gas against his own people, how do you take this out? Can you bomb this -- (CROSSTALK) KING: -- or is that dangerous? JOULWAN: It's dangerous to do it. As you know, there are ways to send in Special Forces or troops like that to take it out that are trained to do that. But we're talking about a level of escalation here that I think you need to be able to understand to have some clarity in terms of the mission, the rules of engagement, the chain of command you're going to have, and all of that needs to be decided before you start putting in a no-fly zone. KING: And do you get any sense that the world is at that point yet -- JOULWAN: There's a lot of rhetoric, but I'm not really sure the world is ready to do that. It's going to take the U.N. to pass a resolution, I think. It's going to take NATO to act. And it's going to take the U.S. to lead. KING: Is it worth it in your view? Have we reached a point where it's worth it in your view? JOULWAN: I would not -- I would continue to watch the situation and put diplomatic and political and economic and other pressure on Gadhafi and get his neighbors and other Arab states, particularly the Saudis, to put some pressure on him to really say it's time to go. KING: And if that doesn't happen, is this enough -- JOULWAN: No. (CROSSTALK) JOULWAN: It's not enough. KING: More -- you'd have to deploy more at a time? The United States is deployed heavily in Iraq, coming out of Iraq, but still a significant number in Iraq, heavily in Afghanistan, not enough in the neighborhood yet. JOULWAN: Not yet and I think you know we always do the what-ifs about would this lead -- if it doesn't work, a sanctuary, a ground force to go in to try to get a safe area to get people out. There are Marines aboard, as you know, the "Kearsarge". I've used the "Kearsarge". They're very familiar with this area. There are Marines, 800 of them. Is that enough? I'm not sure. So it's going to take a lot of planning and a lot of political will if you're going to do this operation. KING: General Joulwan, I appreciate your time and your insights and your expertise. JOULWAN: Thank you. KING: And when we come back we'll talk to a leading voice on Capitol Hill. Jim Webb is a Democratic senator. He's a member of the Foreign Relations Committee. He's also a former Navy secretary. We'll talk to him about military, diplomatic options and this time of great uncertainty in Libya. Stay with us. (COMMERCIAL BREAK) KING: President Obama was clear today in declaring Libyan Leader Moammar Gadhafi should immediately yield power. But he was cautious when pressed on whether the United States should use military force to help bring about regime change in Libya. One reason the president is hesitant, he knows any U.S. military intervention in Libya could cause a backlash in the Arab and Muslim world and the president held out Egypt as a powerful example. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) OBAMA: And we did not see anti-American sentiment arising out of that movement in Egypt, precisely because they felt that we hadn't tried to engineer or impose a particular outcome. But rather they owned it. (END VIDEO CLIP) KING: But more hawkish voices in the Congress say the United States needs to do more to tip the scales in favor of the opposition forces trying to end Gadhafi's more than 40 years in power. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) LIEBERMAN: I think we should be open to providing what them with arms if they need it to succeed in their revolution. (END VIDEO CLIP) KING: Let's get the perspective from a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee whose resume also includes military service and a stint as secretary of the Navy. Senator Jim Webb of Virginia is with us from Capitol Hill. Senator, let me start right there. Who is right? The president with his cautious approach at the moment or Senator Lieberman and others who say let's have a no-fly zone? Let's perhaps start arming the opposition. SEN. JIM WEBB (D), VIRGINIA: Well, I think it's even more complicated than that. This is a region that is known for divisions within divisions. And you can't even take the Egyptian template, which the president mentioned, and apply it to the situation that we see in Libya. In Egypt we had long relationships with people that we were talking to who were inside the opposition movement. We had good talks with the military people. There was a stability in our relationship. I asked Secretary Clinton yesterday when she was testifying before the Foreign Relations Committee if we had any idea really who these people would be if we were to take that step. And she basically said we don't know these people. So we're in a situation where we've got a long history in this region of making mistakes in supporting opposition movements or in tilting one way or the other when the results come out in a way we really wouldn't like to see them. So who would we be giving arms to in Libya? There are so many different factions that are in this opposition movement. And since we don't know them, what we need to do is work very hard with other countries and other actors who do know them so we can get a better picture of what's going on there. KING: But as we wait to get a better picture people are dying, of course and I guess the question is at what point does legitimate caution, legitimate fact finding, legitimate consultation and diplomacy end up looking like it's indecision? WEBB: You know I think in this region it -- you've got to be really careful when you make a decision. I was in Beirut as a journalist in 1983 and I saw with my own eyes what happens when you get involved in a five-sided argument and particularly when you pick one side in a five-sided argument. I was secretary of the Navy during the Iran/Iraq war in 1987 when the Reagan administration tilted toward Iraq with very unfortunate circumstances four years later when we went to war against Iraq. And I think I was the only member of the Reagan administration who opposed the tilt to Iraq in writing in a memo to Secretary Weinberger (ph). So you have to be extremely careful when you take action. Particularly when you're providing military support to opposition movements that you don't even know. I think it's appropriate for us to offer humanitarian assistance and to keep working with other countries and other elements to try to get a better picture of what's really going on inside Libya. KING: And so at the moment, would you do anything different from the administration or in your view do they have it about right? WEBB: There's been a little bit -- seems to me there's been a little bit of a disagreement or certainly strong discussion within the administration about what to do. But I think Secretary Gates has had the right position when it comes to the potential use of the military in Libya. And we got to slow down a little bit here. I think that what we've seen over the past couple of months in terms of the situation in Egypt, the situation in Tunisia has given Americans the perspective that you get a crowd on the street and they protest regimes that we don't particularly like and then we immediately decide that, that regime is going to go and that when it doesn't, there's something wrong. But this is a very, very precarious situation in Libya and we need to be careful. KING: And yet the president is on the record saying regime change must happen. That is now a credibility test, is it not? WEBB: Well, even in Egypt as we move forward, there were times when some including myself were saying you need to be careful in saying what should happen as opposed to what we believe should happen, and the situation in Libya is even more so in that category. We need to identify the players. If the opposition movement were to come forward with an opposition government that our State Department felt comfortable dealing with it would be different. But for the moment you know we need to be careful before we literally pull the trigger in any action inside Libya. KING: And so there are some like Senator Lieberman who seems to be suggesting the president is being too timid. It seems to me that by even saying that the only good result for him is regime change, you think the president is perhaps too far out on the limb already? WEBB: Well just remember there are -- people are -- you know there are different historical examples you can pull from. But one of the most graphic examples of when we got a little ahead of ourselves is when we traded the Shah of Iran for the Ayatollah Khomeini (ph). And so you know I think that people who are saying we should use military force or provide weapons to an opposition movement simply because we don't like the present leadership in Libya need to be -- need to ask themselves who you're giving the weapons to and what is their future role if Gadhafi leaves? KING: Senator Jim Webb of Virginia -- appreciate you insight, sir. WEBB: Good to be with you. KING: Thank you. And still ahead here, Newt Gingrich makes it official. He's exploring a 2012 presidential campaign. Is this controversial figure from the Republican Party's past a good fit to lead it into the future and next Fareed Zakaria on the changing map of the Middle East in North Africa and the dangers of decision making at such unpredictable moments. (COMMERCIAL BREAK) KING: A very cautious tone from President Obama today at a White House event, in which he took a couple of questions about Libya. The president said he's asked his national security team for a full list of options some for humanitarian purposes, some military contingencies. But the president said he's not ready to impose a no- fly zone over Libya. He says he needs more consultations with allies, wants to see how the situation develops, but he did acknowledge this. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) OBAMA: You are right that there is a danger of a stalemate that over time could be bloody. And that is something that we're obviously considering. (END VIDEO CLIP) KING: Let's bring CNN's Fareed Zakaria into the conversation. Fareed, you hear from the president today, and yes, he said on camera for the first time Gadhafi must go. But otherwise it was almost treading water. The president still says options are on the table. We're thinking about this. We're talking to our colleagues. I'm not saying it's easy. But at what point does all of this caution translate perhaps into indecision and as some are starting to say, American weakness? FAREED ZAKARIA, CNN'S FAREED ZAKARIA GPS: I don't think so. I think the president is quite right to be somewhat cautious about a military option. It's a pretty complicated option. Not just militarily. I mean I understand that getting rid of Libyan air defenses is not a huge undertaking. But politically you are after all engaging in a military intervention in an Arab country, in a Muslim country. This will be number three in 10 years. And it hands Gadhafi certainly a very powerful weapon which is to say that he is now resisting American aggression. So figuring out what the right thing to do is I think makes a lot of sense. The president is being pretty clearly though. He said Gadhafi must go and the violence must stop. Now he's going to have to make good on those. He'll look awfully foolish if he isn't able to translate those demands, those declarations in some ways, so I think he has in effect drawn a line in the sand. The United States is going to do something to change the balance of power between Gadhafi and the rebels. But what precisely is not clear yet. KING: And the "what precisely" is what gets so difficult. The president also tried to send a signal seems to know Gadhafi won't budge and that sanctions aren't going to sway Gadhafi, but he talked today about those around him must know they are being watched. The international criminal court also said those around Gadhafi should know they will be investigated for any atrocities or crimes against their own citizens. Could that send a signal if not to Gadhafi and if not to his sons, is there a next loop in the circle, if you will, that could change the dynamics within Libya? ZAKARIA: You know unfortunately Libya is such a non- institutionalized state -- that is to say you don't have a big army with lots of generals and things. The way it runs is there's been a bunch of tribes. The tribes close to Gadhafi are the ones that are supporting him now. There is a power (ph) military organization, which really is commanded by his sons, his three sons, the three divisions. So, I don't know if you're going to find a lot of cracks in that facade. But I do think it's worth of going down the path of maybe indictments of war crimes. Look, there are armed supplies that can be opened up to the rebel forces. There are kinds of humanitarian interventions that can be engaged in. I think, here's how I would put it, John -- in the long run, Gadhafi is doomed. He cannot survive completely isolated when the Arab League has turned against him. But in the short run, he has huge military advantages over the rebels. So, what we're trying to do here, I think what the White House is trying to do is figure out how do you blunt those short-term military advantages while maintaining the pressure that makes in the long run the outcome of this preordained. Gadhafi is not going to be running Libya five years from now or even two years from now. The question is: two weeks for now and a month from now, what do you do to make sure he doesn't slaughter civilians in the process? KING: And as we watch for that and that is obviously an urgent priority, when we were having this conversation about Mubarak, we had a good sense of the Egyptian military, which has a long standing relationship with the United States and with other governments, including the Israeli government, that the Egyptian military would play a key role post-Mubarak. When you look at Libya, you just made the critical point. There are no institutions. There's no opposition to Gadhafi that is organized. If Gadhafi falls, I was just talking to Senator Jim Webb about this. He says his big concern is what's next? We don't know any of these people inside Libya. ZAKARIA: I think that's true. I think it's also fair to say that it can't be much worse than Moammar Gadhafi who ran one of the most repressive states in the world. You know, Freedom House has these rankings, and Libya was right up there tied with North Korea, I think, for the worst, most repressive government in the world. Look, what's likely to happen is Benghazi and the area around it, which has always historically been kind of almost a different country, will have its own center of authority and center of governance. Tripoli will remain loyal for now to Gadhafi. And in a post-Gadhafi scenario, it will probably be somebody from his clan, perhaps a former general. And there will be some kind of negotiation about even a confederation. But I don't think we should be so stuck on worrying about this. I remember when Suharto fell in Indonesia during the Clinton administration, '98 I think it was, everybody said this place won't hold together. You know, it was a Dutch invention. Indonesia didn't exist before the Dutch came and colonized it. You know, we're in a modern world. People -- you know, countries don't always fall apart so easily. There are also forces of integration that keep it together. So, let's not think of every worst-case scenario when we are dealing with, as I say, one of the two, three most repressive regimes in the world. Whatever happens will be better than Gadhafi. KING: It's nice to have an optimist in the conversation. That is a good take. Let me close by asking you this. And again, we talk about this quite a bit during Egypt, that the whole neighborhood was watching. And it's a complicated neighborhood, perhaps the most volatile neighborhood in the world. As this plays out, what is being said by governments friendly and not so friendly in the region about how the United States and the world so far are handling Libya? ZAKARIA: I think that's a crucial point, John, because that's one of the reasons to be cautious military options. It's one thing to support democracy. It's one thing to support the people. You know, it's one thing to try and put as much pressure as you can on Libya. But if the United States starts militarily intervening in order to do regime change, it is going to unsettle the other countries. And, look, it would be nice if we could say, well, it doesn't matter. But, you know, it does matter. If Saudi Arabia doesn't cooperate with us on the war in terror, with you know, battles against al Qaeda, funding of al Qaeda, if it doesn't cooperate with us frankly on the pumping of oil around the world. That makes a big difference to America's prosperity, its wellbeing, and the course of liberty and democracy in the word. These are balancing objectives here. And everyone is -- Libya is different from all the others because you have -- you know, the government is -- the regime is trying to stay in power with force. It's an oil country. So, they have money. And as a result, a lot of the other oil rich countries are probably looking at it carefully. For all those reasons, as I say, I'm not ready to say that President Obama is being foolish to be somewhat measured and cautious. He has come out very clearly against Gadhafi. He's come out very clearly saying the violence must stop. And I think, you know, giving him a week or two to figure out exactly what the most effective methods are is better than going in guns blazing. Once you start -- once you start a military intervention, as I think we have learned over the last decade, that becomes a very, very big undertaking and should not be undertaken lightly. KING: Excellent point to close on. Fareed Zakaria, as always, thanks. ZAKARIA: A pleasure, John. KING: And don't miss Fareed's special program "Restoring the American Dream: Getting Back to Number One." That's Sunday night at 8:00 p.m. in the East. When we come back, more on the Libya crisis ahead. But immediately, spicy politics, Newt Gingrich confirms the world's worst kept secret, he's thinking about running for president. And Mike Huckabee stirs a feisty new debate by saying that young Barack Obama was shaped by his time at a madrassa. (COMMERCIAL BREAK) KING: Welcome back. If you're just joining us, here's the latest news you need to know right now. During a White House news conference with the Mexican President Felipe Calderon today, President Obama declared, quote, I believe in the Second Amendment. But he went on to say the government also needs to do more to stop the flow of U.S. guns to Mexico's drug gangs. This afternoon, the president phoned the crews in the International Space Station and the space shuttle Discovery. He passed along a message to Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords' brother- in-law, the astronaut Scott Kelly, whose twin brother Mark is Giffords' husband. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) OBAMA (via telephone): Scott, I talked to Mark a couple of days ago, it sounds like Gabby is making incredible progress. And, you know, we're thrilled for that. (END VIDEO CLIP) KING: Newt Gingrich says he's beginning an exploratory phase about a possible campaign for president. The former speaker announced the new Web site today, but he has not yet officially formed a presidential exploratory committee. Joining us now, the "TIME" magazine's veteran political columnist, Joe Klein. His column in the latest issue, "Who's Afraid of Reforming Wall Street," right there -- in the new issue of "TIME" right there. And, Joe, we both covered a few campaigns. So, we both covered Newt Gingrich over the years. I want to talk about the pros and cons of a Newt for president. But, first, let's listen to just a little bit of a snippet today of Newt explaining why he's going to the exploratory phase. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) NEWT GINGRICH (R), FORMER HOUSE SPEAKER: We believe that America's best years are actually ahead of us. We believe that it is possible through the right policies with the right values to create dramatically more jobs with dramatically higher incomes. We believe that it is possible to reestablish American exceptionalism as the core value of this country that has made us so unique and as attracted people from all over the world. (END VIDEO CLIP) KING: He got the name ID. We know he can raise money. So, do we need to take him seriously? JOE KLEIN, POLITICAL COLUMNIST, TIME MAGAZINE: Sort of. I mean, you know, Newt -- I've known Newt for a long time. He's one of the smartest in terms of sheer I.Q. candle power, one of the smartest people I've ever met. And he's also one of the stupidest people I ever met. You know, the smart come part comes in his consideration of policy. This is a guy who is a really policy wonk. He comes up with very, very creative ideas. He's great at policy. When it comes to politics, though, he tends to get angry and say stupid things and make a fool of himself sometimes. So, you know, can he last two whole years out on the campaign trail without getting angry and being foolish? I don't know. KING: It's a fascinating point because if he's going to run, you're going into Iowa or you're going to New Hampshire, we have a lot of candidate forums. So, you're around two, four, sometimes six or eight of the others running with you. For anyone out there who hasn't tracked the career of the former speaker -- let's just run through his history real quick. Newt Gingrich was -- he's a Republican congressman from Georgia, elected first in 1979, served for 20 years. He was the speaker of the House for five of those years, 1995 to 1999, a little more than four years. He was a FOX News political analyst, that deal was suspended yesterday. And a college professor as well. And you heard, Joe, in that little snippet we played, Gingrich is one of the guys who talks about American exceptionalism, not only because he wants to make the point he thinks America is a unique country. It's part of their narrative against President Obama, that somehow the current Democratic president does not think America is the exceptional nation. KLEIN: Boy is that the buzz word right now, John? I was at the CPAC convention a few ago, where you saw all the Republican candidates come and speak. And every last one of them, except Mitch Daniels, used the word "exceptionalism." Ron Paul might not have used it either. And it's meant to be a code word for the fact that Barack Obama is this guy who really doesn't really that we're so terrific and goes around the world making apologies, which is a canard. It's not true. What they're leaping off of is this statement that Obama made a few years ago that I'm sure -- that I feel America is exceptional but I'm sure the Greeks feel that Greece is exceptional and the Brits feel that Britain is exceptional as well. KING: And where do you put Newt Gingrich now in the context of a Republican field? You mentioned Mitch Daniels, Haley Barbour, Tim Pawlenty, Mitt Romney -- all governors or former governors there. We have some others, former Governor Palin, we're not sure about her next yet. Put him in context of what we know how Republican primaries usually work. You have a social conservative, an economic conservative. Where does he fit? KLEIN: Well, I think he's trying to be a little bit more social conservative and religious. But this is not a religious man. He's been married three times. Although, now, he's converted to Catholicism. He seems to have a strong marriage and he's making religious arguments. He's more of the conservative ideologue. I always thought that he should be our national party ideologist because he comes up with 10 new ideas every day. Five of them are ridiculous, but there are one or two every day that really pretty good. And so, he's going to run in the end an intellectual campaign except for when he tries to start attacking people when he's going to get vicious. KING: Well, we do know now that he's exploring. Joe gives us a chance, we could say, see you soon in Iowa. KLEIN: Yes, I'll be there on Monday. KING: You'll beat me out there by at least a few days. Joe Klein -- KLEIN: It's the first of those forums on Monday, John. KING: I know. We'll be -- I'll be covering here. But maybe we'll check in with you out there. Joe Klein on his way. KLEIN: Happy to do it. KING: Good food and good politics. John, you take care. We'll stay in touch with Joe. When we come back, more politics. Mike Huckabee, the former Arkansas governor, still a FOX News contributor. He has some issues with Barack Obama's childhood. It's interesting. (COMMERCIAL BREAK) KING: Mike Huckabee's book tour -- well, it detoured into controversy this week. In a Monday radio interview, he talked about Barack Obama's perspective on the world being shaped by his growing up in Kenya. Well, that's a mistake. The president grew up in Hawaii and spent some time as a child in Indonesia. Huckabee went on "THE O'REILLY FACTOR" on FOX News last night to sort of apologize. But you might say he made things worse. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP) MIKE HUCKABEE (R), FORMER ARKANSAS GOVERNOR: Well, honestly, it was about the 40th media interview of the day. You've done through these things. If I read through the own text, page 183 of my book, I clearly said he grew up in Indonesia. It was a verbal gaffe. I immediately apologize. But that's not enough for the left wing media. BILL O'REILLY, FOX NEWS: No, no, and we're not -- (END VIDEO CLIP) KING: Well, look at that. That's page 183. That's wrong, too. There's no mention of Indonesia on the page customer Huckabee cited. But what people really noticed was this from yet another interview. (BEGIN VIDEO CLILP) HUCKABEE (via telephone): And I have said many times publicly that I do think he has a different world view, and I think it's in part molded out of a very different experience. Most of us grew up going to Boy Scout meetings and, you know, our communities were filled with Rotary Clubs, not madrassas. (END VIDEO CLIP) KING: Let's talk with John Avlon, a CNN contributor and senior political columnist for thedailybeast.com; CNN political contributor and Democratic pollster Cornell Belcher; and former Bush-Cheney adviser, veteran Republican strategist, a lot of things and a good guy, Robert Traynham here in the room. All right. So, Mr. Avlon, to you first -- in the sense that, you know, I understand Governor Huckabee's point about "I'm giving interview after interview after interview and sometimes you trip over your tongue." I do a lot of live television, guilty as charged. However, on this particular point, he keeps bringing up the president's childhood. He keeps distorting parts of the president's childhood. One has to assume he's a smart guy he's doing it on purpose. JOHN AVLON, CNN CONTRIBUTOR: He absolutely is doing it on purpose. He had a chance to apologize, he did not. Instead, he doubled down on this vicious swell that's going on throughout the GOP, the idea that the president of the United States is somehow anti- American, doesn't understand America, is an alien when it comes to American values. And he has reinforced that message over and over. Now, best-case scenario, he's just doing it to sell books. Worst-case scenario, it's a strategy to run for president, a deeply mistaken one. But his whole profile has also been this genial social conservative. There's nothing genial about playing to this worst instinct in the American electorate. KING: And so, Robert, as someone who's worked for Republicans in campaigns, worked for Republicans on Capitol Hill, why? Why? I mean, I guess I get it in the sense that politics is about math and maybe there's a small sliver of a pie out there that you think you can lock up with this. But that's a primary campaign and a primary strategy. I'm not sure it's even enough in the Republican primary. But if you got to win a general election in the United States of America, you can't sell that. ROBERT TRAYNHAM, FORMER SENIOR ADVISER, BUSH-CHENEY CAMPAIGN: I totally agree with you. And let me just be very clear, I'm not a spokesperson obviously for Governor Huckabee. I don't understand this. The reason why I don't understand this because time and time again, the president, along with Republicans and Democrats, have clearly said, look, this is a gentleman that was born in the state of Hawaii. This is a gentleman, as you mentioned a few minutes ago, that was obviously -- spent part of his time in Indonesia. The only thing that I can think that maybe Governor Huckabee is trying to do he's trying to ignite -- which is not right -- he's trying to ignite social conservatives who simply do not believe the facts that President Obama is an American citizen. KING: Is it one of the reasons, Cornell, they don't believe or they doubt or they question the facts, it's because there are people who are considered serious politicians who keep saying these things? And so, if you're out there and you think these things, you're getting reinforced by people who have the title of governor or something like that, who keep saying that? CORNELL BELCHER, CNN CONTRIBUTOR: I mean, he's feeding to the base. I mean, the truth of the matter is -- and I think you also did a poll not too long ago, Republican primary poll -- KING: Ballpark of four in10 primary voters think that -- BELCHER: Doesn't think that he's an American. So, they're playing to the base. And this is sort of -- and it gets pretty ugly, but they're playing to the base. Look, if you're going to run for president and you're going to win a Republican primary, you're going to go through this tough Republican primaries and caucuses in states like South Carolina, you're going to have to swing far, far to the right, too far to the right quite frankly -- KING: I have flashbacks from this because we sent John Vause, our correspondent who's in Beijing at the time, we sent him to Indonesia to go to the school where Barack Obama went as a kid, to prove it was not -- he did go -- there you see it right there. And that it was not a religious school. It was not a radical Islamist school. That it was a pretty mainstream school. But that was -- that's 2008. Are we going to go through this again? UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Yes. UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Yes, we are. TRAYNHAM: The unfortunate truth here is that Governor Huckabee's a man of the cloth. Governor Huckabee is someone who's a reverend, ordained minister. So, if, in fact, he's lying deliberately, that says something else. KING: What's to be gained? He's been president for four years now or will be -- three years now and he will be president for four years at the end of the campaign. So, you can run a campaign against President Obama or Senator Obama, go back to his Senate record, you can run a campaign if you want, criticize him on health care, criticize on his position on taxes, criticize -- you know, sum it up there, I'm not saying -- you could say he's a big government liberal, he's this, he's that. You could run a campaign on the issues against him. Why, why, why? BELCHER: Because it's not strong a cultural style. I mean, look, the bottom line is, you know, cultural issues and value issues move Americans a lot more than these policy discussions that we have on -- every day -- (CROSSTALK) KING: What if he's not running for president? Then what is he doing? Maybe he sees Newt and Santorum are gone from scene and he wants to become now a primo contributor at FOX? AVLON: Well, look, you know -- I mean, you know, I suppose that's a good -- you know, strategy for that. You want it appeal to a narrow and intense audience using conflict, tension, fear and resentment, but that's no way to run for president. This is what happens when the fringe starts blurring with the base. And that kind of outer reaches pandering, the use of hate and fear to pump up hyperpartisanship is totally antithetical to the job of running for president which is all about uniting the nation to win a general election. BELCHER: But there's a direct correlation between that and the rise of the Tea Party. And there's a direct correlation between the rise of the Tea Party and the election of and the first person who was not white. TRAYNHAM: One thing we have to remember, it's two races to run for president. The primary race obviously in South Carolina and Iowa, as well as obviously New Hampshire. What I believe Governor Huckabee is doing is speaking specifically to those voters out there who believe that the president is not a legitimate citizen, which is wrong. KING: If he's trying to speak to -- if you're going to speak to them, why don't you say, ladies and gentlemen, you may believe what you believe, but all of the evidence, the undeniable evidence is that he was born in Hawaii. He's an American citizen. Let's argue on taxes and spending and national security probably and something else -- why can't we do that? BELCHER: Because they'll boo him off the stage, and those early Republican primaries, boo him off the stage. That's not who they are. No. KING: All right. I got to stop this one tonight, unfortunately. There's a show that comes after me. We could take over their time, but they'd get mad. If we have to, we'll come back to this. I hope we don't have to come back to this particular issue. John Avlon, Cornell Belcher, Robert Traynham, thanks for coming in. When we come back, we're going to break down for you yet again the impact here at home. Libya crisis, what you pay at the pump and where we're going. (COMMERCIAL BREAK) KING: We've been trying throughout the week to show the impact here at home of the crisis in Libya. Before we go tonight, let's take another look at how it affects you at the pump. Oil trading for a second day in a row above $100 a barrel. If crude is trading above $100 a barrel, you know the price of gas at the pump is going up. And just look over the last the couple of weeks at this trend up, up, up, up. Now, average -- on average, unleaded gas at the pump, $3.44. I can tell you it's higher than that here in Washington, D.C. But $3.44 is the average now, it depends on the gas tax where you live. Some people now are starting to think through the scenario here. What if this volatility continues? What if crude stays above $100 a barrel or up in the ballpark? What will happen to the price of gas at the pump over the next five years? Most believe or many believe anyway that if it stays around $100, what's going to happen? Ultimately, 5 bucks a gallon, maybe more at the pump. There are some contrarians, though, who say, no, actually, maybe the United States would tap into the Strategic Petroleum Reserves, maybe people would change their behavior, take the subway more, ride the bus, or get a hybrid, some of the cars that gets better miles. Under that scenario, they think the price of gas could actually drop down over five years to $2.50 a gallon. This a big policy debate here. Many people believe this. And as we showed last night, consumer confidence is dropping because of the fear of this. We are a consumer-driven economy. People start spending less, that would put the economy more at risk. More on that tomorrow when the government releases its latest unemployment report. We'll keep track of that story and the Libya political crisis. We'll see you then. That's all for us tonight, though. "IN THE ARENA" starts right now.


text:
Even the king of the press conference himself Jose Mourinho would probably admit that there's no better way to answer your critics in football than by out-performing your opponents on the pitch.
This is precisely what Arsene Wenger's high-flying Gunners have been doing this season.
In August people were questioning their top four credentials, as recently as last week critics were suggesting that they still had no chance of winning the Premier League title, and it says a lot that people are now asking: can Arsenal win the Champions League?
Borussia Dortmund manager Jurgen Klopp certainly believes that they can.
After watching Aaron Ramsey ambush his well-organised unit last night, the German manager said to the BBC: "They could win it – as long as they don't play Bayern Munich."
Arsenal continue to answer their critics this season – in October they were leading the way on home soil but had just slumped to a 2-1 defeat to Dortmund at the Emirates.
Wenger's side faced a short trip across London to face struggling and manager-less Crystal Palace, which certainly did not go to plan.
Mathieu Flamini limped off early on and Mikel Arteta was dismissed for felling Marouane Chamakh who was clean through on goal with Arsenal leading 1-0.
But Wenger's side dug deep and Olivier Giroud sealed the victory late on, proving that they are much stronger mentally than they were last season.
Still, critics in England were suggesting that the North Londoners were yet to face a significant challenge this season, and that Liverpool would come to the Emirates and win, denting Arsenal's hopes of mounting an assault on the title this season in the process.
Santi Cazorla and the in-form Aaron Ramsey proved them wrong once again though, securing a 2-0 win which sent the Gunners five points clear at the top of the league.
And now, having beaten Borussia Dortmund to send a warning sign out to the remainder of Europe, Arsenal could complete their tricky run of fixtures by beating champions Manchester United at Old Trafford on Sunday.
Wenger's side last won a trophy back in 2005 when Patrick Vieira scored the winning penalty in an FA Cup final against United with his last kick of the football as an Arsenal player.
But this year there is a renewed sense of optimism around the Emirates for the first time since the Gunners made the switch to their new stadium in 2006.
Surely the 13-time first division champions will break their duck this season, but which trophy are they most likely to win?
Although their impressive away form suggests that Arsenal are genuine contenders to win the Champions League, beating the likes of Barcelona, Real Madrid and last year's winners Bayern Munich could be a step too far.
You have to feel that the Gunners will reach the quarter-finals at least in Europe this season, but if they beat United on Sunday, their best chance of silverware will be the Premier League.
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text:
i agree with you on that one Shakin, but you'd be surprised how many people want to get stoned without the smoke.
i agree with you on that one Shakin, but you'd be surprised how many people want to get stoned without the smoke.
that can be completely true, but it also depends on what kind of edible you're talking about, what kind of dosing you're using, and what kind of trim you're using....but overall, you're absolutely right...there's really no comparison between the two in potency.
Yes you don't need that.
Out of all of my years of 'experience'.... I have never ever tried this ever. I had to read the whole thread to make sure you guys were serious.
I would like to subscribe to your respective newsletters.
Also please mail me some weed - in exchange I have loads of Jets memorabilia I'm looking to unload.
Three things-
1- Are you telling your guests that the cookies are laced?
2- I had pot brownies once. Much more intense high than smoking it. After a couple hours, it wasn't enjoyable for me anymore. Tried to sleep, but couldn't, because I had like bionic hearing and could hear every minuscule sound in the building. Sucked.
3- someone once told me that eating weed is the best way to do it, and if he knew that then, he would have never wasted it by smoking it.
I'd never do it now though, I'm too......responsible.


text: Wexell makes a bold prediction that Branden Albert, OG, 6-6.5, 320, Virginia will be the Steelers first selection in this years draft. I don't know much about Albert to be truthful. What I do know is that he is currently ranked as the 3rd guard and 63rd overall in the draft. Would it be a reach to select him 23rd? Why not snag him in the second round? Shoot for Williams or Clady in the first and Albert will more than likely still be there in the second round. With the Steelers offensive line in such disarray I would have no problems whatsoever with our top two picks going there. A top notch guard and tackle will really help put together something that will work in training camp. I know everybody wants a center but that will have to come from either free agency or a conversion from another position. :2cents: