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James Dietzen
Bratcher, Sr., 75
James Dietzen Bratcher, Sr. went on to be with our Lord and Savior on Tuesday, October 2nd, 2012 at the age of 75. Visitation was held Thursday October 4th, 2012 at 11:00am in the Kilgore Funeral Home Chapel with the funeral service immediately following at 1:00 pm. KILGORE FUNERAL HOME IN CHARGE OF ARRANGEMENTS.
Frances Kay
Morris, 92
Mrs. Frances Kay Morris, age 92, of Manchester, TN passed away Tuesday, October 2, 2012 at Life Care Center in Tullahoma, TN. Local visitation was held Sunday, October 7, 2012 from 2:00 PM until 4:00 PM at Coffee County Funeral Chapel. Mrs. Morris will then be transported to Sullivan King Funeral Home, 3205 N. Hwy 81, Anderson, South Carolina 29621. Visitation was held from 1:00-3:00 PM EST at Sullivan King Funeral Home with funeral services to follow at 3:00 PM EST with Dr. James Thomason officiating. Interment will follow at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Anderson, SC. She was born January 27, 1920 in Anderson, South Carolina, the daughter of the late Thomas Crayton Kay and Lela Gertrude Whitworth Kay. In earlier years, Mrs. Morris was employed as a bookkeeper for Gates & Chapman for 15 years and then with Piedmont Candy & Cigars for 13 years. She was a longtime member of the First Baptist Church of Anderson. In 2009, Mrs. Morris moved to Manchester to be closer to her daughter, son-in-law and family. In addition to her parents, she is preceded in death by her husband, Richard Morris. Survivors include her daughter, Lynn M. Moreland and husband, Robert of Manchester, TN; two grandchildren, Kary Choate and Mary Lee Moreland; one great-grandchild, Kalyn Choate; a sister, Eloise Harrison of Anderson, SC; and a brother, Thomas O. Kay of Pawleys Island, SC. In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions may be made to Connie Maxwell Children's Home, P.O. Box 1178, Greenwood, SC 29648 or www.conniemaxwell.com
Online condolences may be made at www.coffeecountyfuneralchapel.com. COFFEE COUNTY FUNERAL CHAPEL IS HONORED TO SERVE THE FAMILY OF MRS. FRANCES KAY MORRIS.
Ruth Roberts, 82
ROBERTS, Ruth, age 82, passed away on October 7, 2012 at her home in Manchester, Tennessee with her loving family by her side. She had worked at Star Union (later known as PCA Apparel Industries, Inc.) and owned and operated the Floral Crafts Flower Shop from 1984-1996. She was preceded in death by her parents, the late Harvey Hayward Miller and Dolly Belle Guy; brother, T.J. Miller; and son-in-law, Larry R. Kirk. Mrs. Roberts was a member of the Rutledge Falls Baptist Church. She is survived by her loving husband, Cosmo H. Roberts of Manchester; three children, Deborah R. Kirk, Glinda E. Schmidt and her husband George, and Cliff "Fuzzy" R. Roberts all of Manchester; four grandchildren, Chelsye Tarpley of Kentucky, Angela Schmidt, Jeremiah Kirk and Briana Roberts all of Manchester; great-grandchild, Thaliyah Tarpley; niece, Kim Deberry and her daughter Taylor Deberry; nephews, Terry (Susie) Miller and son Lee Miller, Greg (Geneva) Miller and children, Matthew & Marli Miller; and a host of other relatives and friends. Visitation was on Tuesday evening, October 9, 2012 from 6:00 p.m. until 9:00 p.m. The Funeral Service will be conducted on Wednesday afternoon, October 10, 2012 at 1:00 p.m. from the Chapel of Central Funeral Home with Reverend Mike Morris officiating. Burial will follow at the Concord Cemetery. Arrangements with CENTRAL FUNERAL HOME. www.centralfuneralhome.com.
Gerald Oliver
Smith, Sr., 87
Mr. Gerald Oliver Smith Sr., age 87 of Manchester, Tennessee, passed away Tuesday, October 2, 2012 at Alive Hospice of St. Thomas Hospital, Nashville, Tennessee. A Memorial Service will be scheduled at a later date in Buchanan, Michigan. Mr. Smith was born January 6, 1925 at Bear Cave Farm in Buchanan, Michigan. He was the son of the late Elza and Evelyne Devine Smith. Mr. Smith was a WW II Veteran, serving in the Army Air Force in the CBI Asiatic-Pacific Theater. He was retired from National Standard in Niles, Michigan where he worked for 27 years as a machinist and foreman. After retiring, he worked for eleven years at the Brookwood Golf Course. He was a member of the American Legion, the Buchanan Westerners Riding Club and St. Paul Lutheran Church in Buchanan, Michigan. He loved to hunt and fish from his cabin in Bitely, Michigan. He and his wife of 65 years, Dolores Haack Smith had recently relocated from Buchanan, Michigan to Manchester, Tennessee. In addition to his parents, he was preceded in death by one daughter, Gerrie Evelyne; two sisters and two brothers-in-law, Pauline and Bud Mikesell and Margaret and Robert Naragon and one great granddaughter, Chelsea Chappell. In addition to his wife, Mr. Smith is survived by one son, Gerald Smith Jr. and his fiancé, Terre of Buchanan, Michigan; two daughters, Virginia Sain-Farrar and her husband, Kerry of Manchester, TN. and Margaret Gridley and her husband Richard of Manchester, Tennessee; three granddaughters; three grandsons; one step-grandson and ten great grandchildren. In lieu of flowers, the family has requested donations be made to the Alive Hospice, 1718 Patterson Street, Nashville, Tennessee, 37203. Online condolences may be made at www.coffeecountyfuneralchapel.com. COFFEE COUNTY FUNERAL CHAPEL IS HONOREDTO SERVE THE FAMILY OF MR. GERALD OLIVER SMITH SR.
Alma Margaret Downs, 88
Downs, Alma Margaret, of Tullahoma, passed this life on Saturday, October 6th, 2012 at her residence at the age of 88. Funeral Service was held on Tuesday, October 9th, 2012 at 1:00pm in the Kilgore Funeral Home Chapel with Bro. Jim Fields officiating. Burial followed at Rose Hill Memorial Gardens. KILGORE FUNERAL HOME IN CHARGE OF ARRANGEMENTS.
William J. Arnold, 84
ARNOLD, William J., age 84, passed away on October 5, 2012 at his home in Manchester with his loving family by his side. Mr. Arnold was a farmer, sawmill operator, mobile home builder and had served in Maintenance at the New Union Elementary School in Coffee County and in the Cannon County School System. He was preceded in death by his parents, William Harvey Arnold and Meda T. Wilson Arnold; children, James William Arnold and Cynthia Rae Arnold; sisters, Pearl Bates, Pauline Duncan and Earline Quandt; and brothers, H.A. Arnold and Willey Arnold. He was a member of the Goosepond United Methodist Church. He will fondly be remembered as one who loved his family, friends and his donkey "Jack". He is survived by his loving wife, Anna Lorane Dennis Arnold of Manchester; daughters, Cheryl Anne Wilder, Sara Irene Broughton (John) and Donna Meda Johnston (Robert) all of Manchester; sisters, Mintie Arnold West (Grady) and Minnie Arnold Muncy both of Manchester; brother, Edward Arnold of Manchester; eight grandchildren; two great-grandchildren; and a host of other relatives and friends. Visitation was on Monday, October 8, 2012 from 4:00 p.m. until 7:00 p.m. at Central Funeral Home. The Funeral Service was conducted on Tuesday morning, October 9, 2012 at 10:00 a.m. at the Goosepond United Methodist Church with Reverend Jack Carney and Brother Jim Pugh officiating. Burial followed at the Adam Duncan Cemetery. Arrangements with CENTRAL FUNERAL HOME. www.centralfuneralhome.com.
Kay Holland
Inman, 78
Memorial services for Mrs. Kay Holland Inman, age 78, of Manchester will be conducted Saturday, October 13, 2012 at 4:00 PM at Coffee County Funeral Chapel. Visitation will be held from 2:00 PM until time of services on Saturday at Coffee County Funeral Chapel. Mrs. Inman passed away Saturday, October 6, 2012 surrounded by her loving daughters and family. Kay was born April 23, 1934 in Decherd, Tennessee the daughter of the late Paul Willis Holland and Odie V. Davidson Holland. She spent her childhood years growing up in Franklin County along with two brother and two sisters. She married Charles E. Inman, Jr. on May 15, 1953 and the two started their family. Being a military wife, Kay enjoyed traveling throughout the United States and Europe. She and her family resided in many locations through the years. While in Miami, FL, she enjoyed her years of employment with The Field Shops, Inc., which manufactured uniforms and accessories for the airline industry. After moving to Nashville, TN, Kay was employed with Dillard's Department Store from which she retired after 10 years. Kay was a loving wife, mother and friend to all. She was known for being elegant, witty, and humorous and in one simple word, vivacious. She enjoyed painting, pottery, all types of art, macramé, and jazzercise. In addition to her parents, she is preceded in death by her husband and father of her children, Charles E. Inman, Jr.; her second husband, Claude Nicks; and two brothers, Thomas E. Holland and Paul D. Holland. Survivors include four daughters, Deborah E. Inman of Manchester; Melissa Kay Morin of Manchester; Paula Rae Chambers and husband, George of Hillsboro; and Leslie Gaye Inman also of Hillsboro; ten grandchildren, Kasey Maxwell; Meloney Howell and husband, Aaron; Jaimey Maxwell; Amy Townsend and David Hamm; Mandy Sapp and husband, Travis; Michael Cheatham; Matthew Bendus and wife, Maranda; Callie Bendus; Sarah Morin and Nehemiah Chambers; six great-grandchildren, Gunner Massey; Zakery Massey; Payton Townsend; Reagan Howell; Preston Chambers; Killian Anderson; and Rhodes Grayton Bendus; and two sisters, Elaine H. Arnold of Santa Rosa Beach, FL and Von J. Lacy and husband, Tom of Winchester, TN. The family suggests memorial contributions be made to the National Parkinson's Foundation, P.O. Box 5018, Hagerstown, MD 21741-5018 or to www.parkinson.org or to the Coffee County Children's Advocacy Center, 104 N. Spring St., Manchester, TN 37355. Online condolences may be made to www.coffeecountyfuneralchapel.com. Coffee County Funeral Chapel is honored to serve the family of Mrs. Kay Holland Inman.
Alvie Inez Phipps, 81
PHIPPS, Alvie Inez, age 81 of Manchester, Tennessee, passed away on October 5, 2012 at the Medical Center of Manchester. She was preceded in death by her husband Virgil Everett Phipps; parents, Lemuel Jones and Loda Lawson Jones; sons, Jesse Lee Phipps and James Hubert Phipps; grandson, Shane Brown; sister, Catherine Poff; and brother, William Jones. Mrs. Phipps was a member of the Bible Way Church in Manchester and will be fondly remembered as a loving person who, in later years, loved helping to raise her great-grandchild. She is survived by her children, Elbert Phipps of Manchester, Loretta Phipps Bohanan (William) of Wartrace, TN, Betty Phipps Wade (Bobby) of Manchester and Danny Phipps (Darlene) of Manchester; sisters, Martha Jones and Mammie Ruth Jones (Billy) both of Manchester; brothers, Billy Jones (Ophelia) of Michigan City, IN and Clyde Jones (Dean) of Manchester; five grandchildren; four great-grandchildren; and a host of other relatives and friends. Visitation was on Monday, October 8, 2012 from 5:00 p.m. until 8:00 p.m. The Funeral Service was conducted on Tuesday afternoon, October 9, 2012 at 1:00 p.m. from the Chapel of Central Funeral Home with Brother Vernon Wagoner officiating. Burial followed at the Ragsdale Cemetery. Arrangements with CENTRAL FUNERAL HOME. www.centralfuneralhome.com.


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Home > Patients & Visitors > Health Library > Treating Tuberculosis in Children
Treatment of active
tuberculosis (TB) in children is usually different
from treatment of TB in adults. In children younger than 4 years, TB is more
likely to spread beyond the lungs (extrapulmonary TB). It is also harder to get from children a
sputum sample that grows TB bacteria.footnote 1 So the doctor may assume that a child is infected with the
same type of TB bacteria as the person who most likely infected him or
In general, TB treatment in children usually begins with 3 medicines
instead of 4 because:
Children with TB usually take isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide
for 2 months. Treatment then continues for at least 4 more months with
isoniazid and rifampin. Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) also may be recommended during
TB treatment if the child is not eating a good diet or isn't getting enough
Directly observed therapy (DOT) is usually done to
make sure that the child takes all of the medicine.
Additional medicines taken for a longer time may be needed for
A child taking ethambutol to treat a TB infection should have his or
her vision checked every month.
American Thoracic Society, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Infectious Diseases Society of America (2003). Treatment of tuberculosis. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 167(4): 603-662.
ByHealthwise StaffPrimary Medical ReviewerE. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal MedicineSpecialist Medical ReviewerR. Steven Tharratt, MD, MPVM, FACP, FCCP - Pulmonology, Critical Care Medicine, Medical Toxicology
Current as ofMarch 3, 2017
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Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:
E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine & R. Steven Tharratt, MD, MPVM, FACP, FCCP - Pulmonology, Critical Care Medicine, Medical Toxicology
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PITTSBURGH (AP) — Wind energy installations almost doubled in Pennsylvania last year, but the industry still provides only about 1 percent of the state's electricity, far behind Iowa, Texas and others.
Pennsylvania now ranks 16th in the nation in wind power, with 1,430 megawatts, according to the American Wind Energy Association's Annual Market Report for 2012, which was released this month.
Iowa leads the nation, getting 24.5 percent of its electricity from wind power in 2012. South Dakota was at 24 percent, Minnesota 14 percent, Colorado 11 percent and Texas just over 7 percent. New York was at 2.2 percent, and Maine led the Northeast at almost 6 percent.
Even some advocates of renewable energy wonder if Pennsylvania will ever reach the wind energy levels of Iowa and some other leaders.
"My view is, probably not," said George Jugovic, president of PennFuture, an environmental group. "I think it's just economics." Jugovic supports wind energy and still believes it will grow here, just not at the scale of other states.
Iowa, Texas and a number of other states have sustained high winds and large areas of flat land that are relatively easy to build on, while states such as New York have the potential for extensive offshore wind farms. In Pennsylvania, the windiest areas tend to be on mountain ridges.
Wind also has another potent competitor here and in the region: the tremendous amounts of natural gas that are being produced from the Marcellus Shale, a gas-rich formation that is being tapped in Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia.
In Pennsylvania, "it seems the majority is pushing natural gas right now," said state Rep. Greg Vitali, D-Delaware. He introduced legislation in February that would require Pennsylvania electric companies to get more of their power from renewable sources by 2023. Current law requires companies to purchase 8 percent from renewable sources by 2021, but Vitali proposed increasing the target to 15 percent.
But the bill hasn't drawn widespread support in the legislature, and Vitali doesn't expect it to become law this year. "We have not gotten support from utilities," he noted, adding that the coal industry has opposed the bill, too.
The local debate over renewable energy is related to the national debate over wind energy tax credits. That credit was first signed by President George H.W. Bush and backed by a number of prominent Republicans, but last year a number of Republicans objected to an extension of $12 billion tax credit, saying the industry had been receiving such support for long enough.
Congress finally passed an extension of the tax credit as part of a broader budget deal.
Patrick Henderson, Gov. Tom Corbett's energy executive, said Corbett supports growth in wind energy but doesn't believe utilities or customers should be forced to choose one type of energy.
"I don't think we should make a case" for a single type of energy, Henderson said.
One wind energy firm that completed a large Pennsylvania project in 2012 is still optimistic about the future.
"The smart folks will continue to bet on both" wind and natural gas, noted Art Sasse, a spokesman for Iberdrola Renewables. The Oregon-based company is the second-largest developer of wind projects in the U.S. It currently has four wind farms in Pennsylvania but also owns gas-fired power plants.
"Long-term, we remain enthusiastic about the future of wind" in Pennsylvania, Sasse wrote in an email, adding that while no further winds projects have reached the permitting stage here, various others are in the "early planning process."
The American Wind Energy Association notes in its report that 2012 was the industry's best year ever in the U.S., with 13,000 megawatts of new power capacity installed and $25 billion of investment. In total, the association says 45,000 wind turbines are generating 60,000 gigawatts of wind energy across the nation, which is able to power about 15 million homes.
The association also noted that nationwide, wind made up 56 percent of all new electric generation projects in 2012, compared with 31.5 percent for natural gas.
Pa. wind energy soars in 2012, but total is small
PITTSBURGH (AP) — Wind energy installations almost doubled in Pennsylvania last year, but the industry still provides only about 1 percent of the state's electricity, far behind Iowa, Texas and others.


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BOSTON- Friday September 21, 2012- Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) Highway Administrator Frank DePaola today joined state and local officials for the ribbon cutting ceremony and reopening of the Whipple Road Bridge that connects Wilmington and Billerica and also serves Tewksbury.
The $170,000 MassDOT project rehabilitated the locally-owned bridge, which closed in March 2010 following significant flood damage.
"Rebuilding transportation infrastructure across the Commonwealth means addressing projects both large and small in scope but always of critical importance to their local communities," said Administrator DePaola. "I am pleased to be here today to see the results of our collaboration with local and state leaders in reopening this bridge."
Following the March 2010 flood damage that closed the Whipple Road Bridge, the local communities were unable to fund the necessary repairs. MassDOT hired contractor Kodiak Construction to rebuild the bridge, with the communities jointly paying approximately $10,000 of the cost.
"It was great joining with the towns and playing a key role in bringing this project to completion. I want to thank Secretary Davey, the people at the Massachusetts Department of Transportation, especially John Romano, for all of their help making this a reality," said Representative James R. Miceli. "This bridge is vital to the transportation needs of Tewksbury, Wilmington and Billerica, and to have it completed more than a month ahead of schedule is an extra bonus."
"I'm pleased to have worked with Reps Miceli and Adams to have this bridge reopened. Further, having this construction funded by the state certainly helped lift the financial burden off the communities. This is a great display of working together for positive results for the taxpayers," said Representative Marc Lombardo.
"It is important to highlight the importance placed on our infrastructure by the Commonwealth and local governments," said Andrew Deslaurier, Chairman of the Billerica Board of Selectmen. "This project completed ahead of schedule is an example of the new standard of investment needed to keep the Commonwealth moving!"
"Tewksbury thanks the DOT for completing repairs that restore a vital public safety link among three communities," said Doug Sears, Vice-Chairman of Tewksbury Board of Selectmen.
Bridge rehabilitation began in June and the bridge reopened to traffic today.
For transportation news and updates visit MassDOT at our website: www.mass.gov/massdot, blog: www.mass.gov/blog/transportation, or follow MassDOT on twitter at www.twitter.com/massdot.


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Butler University announced on Friday that guard Rotnei Clarke has been cleared to return to game action, which continues on Saturday with a home contest against Temple.
"Rotnei has remained symptom free, and he's gone through full-contact practice with the team," said Butler head athletic trainer Ryan Galloy. "As long as there are no unexpected changes, he's cleared to begin playing in games."
Clarke was originally cleared for practice on Thursday after suffering a neck injury on Jan. 12. He had been carted off on a stretcher during the first half of a game against Dayton.
The Bulldogs' leading scorer (16.3 ppg) was injured on a fastbreak play, where he took a hard foul from Dayton's Matt Derenbecker and collided head first into the padded area of the backboard stand. He remained on the ground for several minutes before he was helped onto a stretcher.
Butler has gone 2-1 since the game against Dayton, including a 54-53 loss to La Salle on Wednesday.


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TRENTON — Mayor Tony Mack on Friday vetoed a City Council ordinance that would have cut the mayor's six-figure annual salary by 52.5 percent.
"I am rejecting Ordinance 12-30 because it is an unconstitutional violation of my due process rights and it violates the Faulkner Act requirements on the separation of powers between the executive and legislative branches of city government," Mack said in his veto statement issued Friday.
"We had all the right to do that," South Ward Councilman George Muschal said on Friday on council's passage of the salary-reduction ordinance. Muschal said City Council President Phyllis Holly-Ward checked with the state Department of Community Affairs and reviewed the Faulkner Act with lawyers to vouch for the council's authority to adjust the mayor's monetary compensation.
Council on Thursday night narrowly passed Ordinance 12-30 in a 4-3 vote to reduce the mayor's annual salary from $126,400 to $60,000. Mack didn't wait long to exercise his veto power.
"The mayor shall, within 10 days after receiving the ordinance, Sundays excepted, either approve the ordinance by affixing his signature thereto or return it to the council by delivering it to the clerk together with a statement setting forth his objections thereto or any item or part thereof," according to state law 40A:61-4 that regulates the powers of the mayor.
"No ordinance or any item or part thereof shall take effect without the mayor's approval, unless the mayor fails to return the ordinance to the council, as prescribed above, or unless the council, upon consideration of the ordinance following its return, shall, by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of council, resolve to override the veto."
City Council needs five votes to override the veto. A failure to override the veto would result in Mack retaining his six-figure salary.
Mack, who has a recent history of personal financial troubles, in a recent council meeting said he loves his job so much that he'd "work for free."
Holly-Ward mentioned Mack's "work for free" quote at Thursday's council meeting. When a member of the public suggested Mack wants to work for money, Holly-Ward said Mack shouldn't be lying in council chambers when he speaks there.
In addition to the veto, Mack on Friday also issued a statement saying: "Considering the fact that so many of our residents are still without power, suffered property damage, and had to discard food for lack of power, I find it utterly despicable that certain members of City Council would choose to play politics during such a trying time for our community. We are still addressing the ravaging effects of Hurricane Sandy and my administration remains focused on returning normalcy to our city."
Councilmembers Muschal, Holly-Ward, Zachary Chester and Marge Caldwell-Wilson voted to pass the pay-reduction ordinance. The three members who voted against it were Verlina Reynolds-Jackson, Kathy McBride and Alex Bethea.
Reynolds-Jackson last month supported the salary-reduction ordinance on first reading, but when the measure came up for final adoption on second-reading, she voted against the measure, saying the language of the ordinance wasn't strong enough for her liking.
The ordinance to reduce Mack's salary says "City Council finds that it is in the public interest that the compensation of the office of Mayor be adjusted and fixed at an amount commensurate with the current economic circumstances of the City of Trenton."
Federal officials arrested Mack Sept. 10 on charges he conspired with others to extort $119,000 from a Hudson County developer. The mayor, who is free on $150,000 unsecured bail, has been under federal investigation since September 2010 and earlier this year had his home and City Hall office raided by the FBI. City residents fed up with Mack's leadership last year tried, but failed, to have Mack recalled from office.


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These charges are very serious and in response, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health and University of Wisconsin Medical Foundation, the UW Health entities that employ the physicians, have immediately launched an investigation of the reported behavior.It's good politics and good public relations to take this seriously, of course, but I think the outcome is predictable.
The investigation will identify which UW Health physicians were involved and whether their behavior constituted violations of medical ethics or University of Wisconsin and UW Health policies and work rules....I don't know the details of the rules or medical ethics, nor do I have any inside information about the way my university handles such things. But I know how the doctors defended themselves when I confronted them, and I think their explanation will be accepted.
They said they were really "seeing" the individuals who asked for notes, and they individually listened to their "patients" reports about what their symptoms were. I had a longer conversation with a second doctor and, like the one I interview on camera, he had his approach to ethics down pat: Doctors providing notes for employees accept their patients' statements about what their symptoms are all the time, and the people they spoke to on the street really did mention symptoms, such as headache, diarrhea, insomnia, and — notably — stress (including stress from the budget plan and the protests). This puts this within the range of something doctors routinely do.
I'm not saying that's the right resolution, but I predict that will be the result of the investigation, perhaps with a public-appeasing, forward-looking statement that doctors ought to avoid the appearance of impropriety by refraining from this activity in the future.


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CORBIN, Ky, (WKYT) - It hasn't taken long for almost all the food at a Corbin food bank to be taken.
"The economy and jobs. Losing jobs in the area," said Grace on the Hill Food Pantry director Everett Shakleton of why 11,000 people in the area are considered below the poverty level.
More than 230 people were served during the recent Thanksgiving holiday distribution.
"We typically serve 380 families a month," said Shakleton
More than 80 families are expected to pick up food again Monday and Shakleton is concerned not a can or box of food will be left.
"All of us are hurting. The food is not available. The government commodities are cut way back. About half comes from the commodity programs," he said.
The food pantry accepts donations at their Grace on the Hill Church location, or at Betty's Flowers on Main Street.


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University of Vermont
2012-2013 Catalogue
Environmental Sciences: Biology (Undergraduate Minor)
Specific Requirements
|College or School
|College of Arts and Sciences
|Environmental Sciences Program
BIOL 001/BIOL 002 or BCOR 011/BCOR 012;
BCOR 102, and two additional upper-division non-biology courses chosen in consultation with co-advisor
|CHEM 031/CHEM 032 concurrent with BCOR 011/BCOR 012; MATH 019 or MATH 021 required for BCOR 102.
|Ineligible majors
|Biology (B.A.), Biological Sciences (B.S.), Plant Biology (B.A.), Zoology (B.A.,B.S.).
|Other information
|Prerequisites for upper division courses will vary.
- Colleges and Schools: College of Arts and Sciences. College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. The Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources.
- Departments and Programs: Environmental Sciences Program.


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Replacing the pistol, 'The Wrangler' allows Engineers to take over all targeting duties of their turret. It also creates a shield to absorb 66% of all damage and double the firing rate. However, the turret is inactive for three seconds if the engineer switches weapons.
The new Payload map, Upward, brings an uphill struggle to destroy a seemingly-abandoned Red complex upon a mountaintop. "Blow it up to be safe," the engi advises.
Developer Valve has also revealed the update's new achievements, dropping a heavy hint that the Engineer might receive a guitar item. Guitars are featured in the icons for the 'Honky Tonk Man' and 'Six-String Stinger' achievements, the latter closely resembling achievements given for taunting while holding a specific weapon. The engineer was of course seen twanging on a guitar in the Meet the Engineer video way back in 2007.
Further details will be unveiled as players continue to craft the limited edition golden wrenches. The Engineer Update is due to be released for PC and Mac on Thursday.


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Computers saw yet another vital change during the year of 1983. The Apple Lisa computerwas the first with a graphical user interface, or a GUI. Most modern programs contain a GUI, which allows them to be easy to use and pleasing for the eyes. This marked
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Lightning strikes pose a serious danger that result in wildfires, destruction of homes, apartments, businesses and manufacturing facilities. Even worse, these fires pose a serious danger to people, firefighters and other rescuers, and employees of an affected business.
There is more to be concerned about. According to the Insurance Information Institute (I.I.I.), the number of lightning strikes per month begins to rise in March and does not subside until September.
Here's a broad view of the problem as reported by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA):
Lightning fires in residential vs. non-residential properties:
From 2004 to 2008, local fire departments responded to an average of 24,600 fires a year started by lightning. These fires caused an average of 12 civilian deaths and $407 million in direct property damage each year.
Home fires accounted for 18 percent of the lightning fires. Fires in non-residential structures, including businesses and other non-residential properties, accounted for 7 percent; vehicle fires accounted for 1 percent. The remaining 74 percent were in outdoor and unclassified properties.
Lightning fires in non-residential properties caused an average of
$90 million in direct property damage each year from 2004 to 2008, according to the survey. The average annual damage in non-residential properties includes:
• $21 million in storage facilities.
• $19 million in places of assembly, such as houses of worship and restaurants.
• $18 million in non-home residential properties such as hotels and motels.
• $15 million in mercantile and business properties such as offices, specialty shops and department stores.
• $10 million in industrial and manufacturing facilities.
• The remainder was in outside properties ($3 million) and educational and health care facilities ($4 billion).
From a safety perspective, the National Weather Service reports that in 2010, there were 29 fatalities in the U.S., Puerto Rico, Guam and the Virgin Islands. Additionally, 182 injuries were reported and total damage was estimated at $71.58 million.
In 2010, insurers reported 203,278 claims paid to policyholders, $1.033.5 billion in insured losses and an average cost-per-claim of $4,846, according to the I.I.I.
Here's another way to view the numbers closer to home. While Texas, Florida, Tennessee and North Carolina were in the top tier of fire fatalities ranging from 212 in Texas to 129 in Pennsylvania, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and South Carolina were in the second tier ranging from 110 in Alabama to 98 in South Carolina. Georgia posted 109 fatalities during the period.
Weather incidents involving strong thunderstorms and heavy lightning appear to be rising across both the Midwest and Southeast. That provides a strong reminder that homeowners and renters should make sure smoke detectors are working. Additionally, evacuation plans should be a top priority to residents.
That becomes even more important when children or the elderly are part of the family group.
Insurers often talk to their policyholders about the need for disaster plans, but evacuation can be complicated and should be a top priority for everyone.
David Colmans is the executive director of the Georgia Insurance Information Service. Contact him at (770) 565-3806 or by email at email@example.com.


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Myrtle Jo Butler
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- Published on 29 May 2013
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Myrtle Jo Butler, lovingly known as "Aunt Jo," age 75, entered into heavenly rest on May 28, 2013 at Mount Vernon, Tex. She was born to parents Newton Lee White and Ida Lee (Thompson) White on July 4th, 1937, in Bethel, Okla. Formerly a resident of Idabel, Okla., she had made her home in Mount Vernon, Tex. for the past 40 years. She was a licensed practical nurse in Oklahoma and Texas and was of non-denominational faith. She loved crocheting, quilting, and sewing, was a wonderful cook, enjoyed grooming her flowerbeds and yard, and took great pride in keeping her home warm and inviting. She was preceded in death by her only child, Ricky Dale Bartlett, her husband, Frederick "Freddie" Butler, both parents, Newton and Ida White, brothers, Gladwin White, Delbert White, Billy White, infant brothers James White and Donald White, sister Ima Lucille Geiger, an infant sister, Betty White, and a special niece, Linda Leach. She is survived by her brother, Tommy White, of Beebe, AR, numerous loving nieces and nephews who considered her their second mother, her beloved little dog, "Roho," and cat, "Two Shoes," and a host of family members and friends. She is also survived by special friends, Charles and Judy Bishop. She was dearly loved and will be greatly missed by all that knew her. Funeral arrangements are under the direction of Sam Harvey Funeral Home, Mt. Vernon, Tex. Family visitation will be held at the funeral home on Thursday, May 30th, from 6 to 8 pm. Graveside services will be Friday, May 31st, at 2:00 pm at Hopewell Cemetery in Mount Vernon, Texas.


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Heightened security measures established by Major League Baseball and the Arizona Diamondbacks will remain in effect for the 2010 season. We would like to remind you that these enhanced security measures might delay your entrance into the ballpark. Plan on arriving early to enjoy the game. These measures are for your safety. We understand that this may be an inconvenience, however due to the nature of current world events, we feel they are necessary. Thank you for your patience.These measures include:
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UC Dedicates Connie Gaetano Plaza
Stadium Additions Named in Philanthropist's Memory
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Dedication ceremony held before Pioneer football game
Utica, NY (10/01/2012)- Before the football game at Utica College recently, a crowd gathered at the Charles A. Gaetano Atheletic Stadium for the dedication of the new Connie Gaetano Plaza. The plaza was built in memory of humanitarian and civic contributor Connie Gaetano.
She was remembered as an incredibly giving spirit, a philanthropist, a generous contributor to the community and a family matriarch. Her husband Charlie Gaetano and children Bill, Brian, Chuck, Colleen, Mary and Gregory Gaetano were all a part of the Saturday ceremony to commemorate the extraordinary woman that Connie Gaetano was.
The renovations to the stadium included adding a comfort station, with new restrooms.


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Can Progress Survive Austerity as a Foregone Conclusion?
Well said.
But take a step back and find the wealth. You'll probably find that the vast bulk of it is in the hands of relatively few people (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribution_of_wealth#In_the_United_States) who seem to be intent on sharing less rather than more.
When imaginary money moves, sometimes real assets do as well. Who owns most of the real estate in America? Who has a lien for nearly everything they don't hold clear title to? Who is primarily responsible for conjuring and parcelling out m
Not quite. Hopefully we can agree that Einstein's best work is his general theory of relativity. He was a patent clerk from 1903 until 1909. He did publish four major papers in 1905 including his work on special relativity and the photoelectric effect, but he did his most advanced work on GRT from about 1909 until 1917, with bits published in between. He then did his best work when he was in academia. He continued to do still widely cited work until at least 1935, when he published his EPR paper. I think du
But not everybody is Feymann, Gell-Mann or Curie. Lots of researchers rest on their laurels after gaining recognition for one good piece of work. Nor is it the case that only well-known "elite" researchers are capable of making breakthroughs. One thing that constantly irritated me during my PhD was the level of hero worship I'd see amongst fellow students as well as faculty. I really don't give a shit who wrote a particular paper, I care about the content of the paper. It's an appeal to authority that I fel
Reading most of the research that's generated by people like me, you realize it's just PhDs trying their darnedest to ++publicationCount, which is a pretty stupid thing for taxpayer dollars to fund... On the other hand, lots of the fundamental knowledge necessary for the "major work" mentioned earlier comes from the incremental work that isn't sexy in its own right, but very necessary nonetheless. No simple answer here.
It's punctuated equilibrium. Most published research is average of course, and does not advance us very far. Those few "major works" that advance us in leaps rely on those lesser published results. You cannot have the major advances without the minor advances.
Is there a better way to do things? I'm skeptical. Publication count is going to remain important for as long as research grants and research positions are limited, which is going to be always. Every system is going to have flaws.
As a researcher, I think giving to the most elite is a moderately good idea.
Really? Beca
The US really should accept that it doesn't need one of everything and there is no shame using the resources of other countries rather than duplicating them.
Dear US scientists, learn to share. We don't need another Large Hadron Collider.
The US really should accept that it doesn't need one of everything and there is no shame using the resources of other countries rather than duplicating them.
I'm sure "US scientists" would have absolutely no problem sharing. Your scorn is better directed at the military and bureaucrats.
I'd extend this to a number of areas.
The problem with most research is the tragedy of the commons. Once you discover something, everybody benefits (unless it is something like a military secret that you keep close control of for a few decades). What nation discovered the last antibiotic you took? Do you even care? Patents can give a company incentive to discover as long as most nations respect them, and they can also inhibit progress when they get out of control. Patents usually don't help with blue-sk
Yeah. After all, there were dozens of proposals for experiments on the LHC - and only a handful made the cut. There just can't possibly be any point to building a second LHC using a different set of experiments.
For some stuff, the science is "easy", but it's the needed engineering that costs an arm and a leg (Space Shuttle, LHC, etc, etc)
Which means you can't go "brute force" anymore on problems.
Think, rethink experiments, use creativity. It will be better.
I am sure there are new things to be discovered "on the cheap"
Not that I'm agains LHC, on the contrary. But what if someone finds a way to have 10Tev collisions using a different and easier method.
But what if someone finds a way to have 10Tev collisions using a different and easier method
We can do them for free in the upper atmosphere in much larger quantities than the LHC. The difficulty is monitoring the results with a finer granularity than 'ooo, the aurora borealis looks pretty'.
Really, people.
Perceived need is infinite. Resources are finite. Further, as we push back the boundaries of knowledge, the experiments get more and more expensive.
We can argue all day about priorities, but let's actually talk about those priorities - simple, pointless whinging (such as 'US particle physicists have to drive from the back seat' because the Euros have the LHC....) is little more than tantrum-throwing.
In a democracy, there is ALWAYS going to be a pressure from the mass to address their needs with Bread and Circuses. It's not the best long-term solution for anything (well, unless your goal is to breed a larger underclass), but the fact is that you have to sell your idea, or implement a tyranny in which your priorities 'win'.
Not only that but they serve as an error check on each other.
I agree - "reducing duplication" is not the way to reform academic research. But there are a lot of other ways it could be made more efficient.
Consider that most professors don't actually do much research; instead, they manage research groups. That's fine if they want to be managers, but more often the system just forces them in that direction. The result is that most real research is done by postdocs and new professors in their first few years on the job. A typical researcher gets maybe 10 years to rea
Less duplication? In scientific research? So instead of the replication and confirmation/expansion of results, which used to be at the foundation of the scientific method, every "experiment" or study will now be done once and its outcome accepted unquestioningly as the final word?
Clearly, all we have to do is eliminate all funding for genetics (evolution), geology, and climate research, and they'll be plenty of money left over to test all of our new weapons at least twice before putting them into the field.
Experiments need to be repeated because they're fairly often wrong. If we remove verification from science, while we will produce more results initially, a large portion of that will be wrong, and so will any future science based on those results, and in the end, so much of science will be incorrect that it's completely useless.
Mod parent up!
Having said that, I also need to point out that confirmation nowadays is neither easy nor cheap. We need to, alas, cut down on duplication and in many cases we can only afford to fund those that are most likely to get it right in the first place.
has a hard time holding the line against health care or tax cuts for the richest Americans.
Flamebait like this in the article summary just will veer the discussion completely off-topic.
It's also why I now have AdBlock Plus turned on when I (less frequently) browse this site.
Tone down the obvious political bias! Thanks!
What bias is that?
They are really debating things like health care and tax cuts for the richest Americans while trying to figure out how to deal with the budget. How would you say that without the bias?
You cannot talk about government spending, on science or anything else, without also talking about politics, since arguments about where and how much the government should spend money are pretty much what politics is. Sorry if you consider a simple presentation of the facts to be "political bias," but it's absurd to pretend that the subject can be discussed apolitically.
Just imagine how much cash we'd have for research if we would have forced the banks to do the same thing that GM was forced to do.
Declare bankruptcy, wipe out shareholders, and trim bond holders. Those are the people that invested in risky behavior and they should have paid the price.
The swedes did it and they recovered from their banking crisis.
http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2011/06/go-swedish-part-47/ [ritholtz.com]
In what universe were the equity holders of GM wiped out? The stock never dropped below 28 and now the UAW owns the largest piece valued at $4.8 billion. That the bond holders got a haircut rather than the equity holders was a travesty of contract law and an under the table handout to the union.
Not that the bailout of the banks was any better, but to suggest that the handling of GM is the correct method is crazy.
has a hard time holding the line against health care or tax cuts for the richest Americans.
- and my comments are routinely moderated as 'troll' [slashdot.org], while obviously trolling is done on regular basis in the 'story' summaries?
As others have said, I fail to see how this is a troll. The general consensus in Washington right now is that we're going to have to make some hard choices in how we spend our money, seeing as the current debt is getting rather high in both nominal terms and as a percentage of GDP. Government-funded scientific research will likely be determined to be something we can't afford given that the Democrats will hold the line on entitlement spending and Republicans will hold the line on keeping taxes at current
The rest of the World has been doing good research without the colossal budgets their American colleagues enjoy (I know, I was part of a project that operated on a shoestring - but we still found the free brown dwarfs in the galaxy). Maybe there will be fewer spectacular programmes, but of course great research will still get done. Of course, you can always join international collaborations as partners to pool resources, rather than be the rich kid having all the toys to themselves.
Sorry if this sounds harsh, but Americans have had it so good for so long they didn't even realise how fortunate they are. Even with less excess wealth about they are still by far the richest people per capita - although certainly indvidivual Americans have it very tough at the moment - so it sounds a bit whiney when we hear that some program is being reduced because the US is going from (comparatively) very wealthy to just wealthy. Be grateful for what you already have, and appreciate all the things you also have that don't require lots of money (your health, friends, family, girlfriend, more opportunities than most Africans can dream of, more cheeseburgers than even Garfield can dream of, Mom's basement, and that fact you even have a computer to read Slashdot on!)
Most of this type of funding is a rounding error in the budget. The NSF gets $7B I believe. It's really not worth talking about cutting except for ideological reasons...
It turns out that "the rich" pay the majority of the taxes. Thus any meaningful tax cut, for any purpose, will cut taxes for "the rich" more than it will cut taxes for "the poor".
There have been several times in the history of the USA where the overall tax rate was lowered, and tax revenues went up. This is because "the rich" moved money out of tax shelters and started investing it, which grew GNP. In other words, tax revenue went up because government was collecting a lower rate on a much larger amount of money. And "the rich" paid more taxes than they paid before.
There are some people who view the above as a problem; this problem is called "the rich get richer". Even if the poor get richer also, which confuses me. How will you increase jobs without someone who is rich getting richer? And how does that rich person hurt the poor by getting richer?
Historically, the US government has not managed to collect more than 19 or 20 percent of GNP in tax revenue. Even when the highest tax bracket was 70% or even higher, revenues as a percent of GNP were not higher than when the highest tax bracket was under 40%. If you think you can fix the USA's financial problems by taxing the rich, you need to explain one of these: (a) why this time it will be different, and the government will collect over 20% of GNP; (b) why GNP will grow faster with higher tax rates; or (c) why the high tax rates will limit the growth of GNP and collect less tax revenue, but it's worth it because it is important to keep the rich from getting richer.
My own view is that if 19% is what the US government can realistically collect, we should be trying to grow the GNP of the US so that the government is collecting 19% of a larger GNP. That means reducing taxes, regulatory burden, and uncertainty.
But don't take my word for this; see some references:
Thomas Sowell: Dissecting The Demagoguery About 'Tax Cuts For The Rich' [investors.com]
Nick Gillespie and Veronique de Rugy: The 19 Percent Solution [reason.com]
Disclaimer: I'm either middle class or posibly upper-middle-class, but I am not remotely "the rich" and tax cuts for "the rich" would not directly benefit me.
There are some people who view the above as a problem; this problem is called "the rich get richer". Even if the poor get richer also, which confuses me.
In principle we should only care about people's standards of living. If everyone is getting richer in the sense that each person has a higher standard of living, that is certainly a good thing! However one problem with the rich getting richer faster than the poor get richer is that it creates a larger social disparity. While we can argue about whether disparity in itself is a moral problem, there are certa
And how does that rich person hurt the poor by getting richer?
Everyone who wants tax cuts seems to always want to pay for them by eliminating Medicare, Social Security, the minimum wage etc. Wealth is supposedly created somehow, but most of the time it looks like a zero-sum game with the rich taking from everyone else.
That's just wrong in so many ways. The first, and most fatal flaw is to consider the tax/investment situation as a straight line. It's not. We were more prosperous as a nation in times when taxes were significantly higher, so at the very least, you'd need to consider the possibility that there were local maxima and minima rather than a straight line, or even a simple curve.
And considering the overall decline of the average American's real earning power over the past decade, it's fair bet that we're not at o
How will you increase jobs without someone who is rich getting richer?
This basically highlights everything that is wrong with the above post.
Jobs/Production is created by demand. Which is a nice way of saying spending. The rich want to remain rich and get even richer, but by doing so they are not spending and instead dragging whole economies with them.
The rich simply aren't capable of doing the spending required of them with the current wealth distribution, because saving and getting richer is so engraved in them. And that is why you need to keep a firm hand on the wealth dis
There are some people who view the above as a problem; this problem is called "the rich get richer". Even if the poor get richer also, which confuses me. How will you increase jobs without someone who is rich getting richer? And how does that rich person hurt the poor by getting richer?
The majority of the public has no problem with "the rich get richer". Look at the path of Clinton's approval rating; we were ALL getting richer and it was fucking great, no matter what kind of douchebag shit he pulled.
What people have a problem with, though, is when the rich get richer but the rest of us get fucking poorer. How the rich have been doing that lately (they've always been doing this, but sooooo much more during the last decade) is by making themselves richer without actually producing anything of value. You don't increase jobs by funneling money into your pocket, you increase jobs by investing in actual enterprises.
Yes, we have been getting poorer. Average wages haven't been increasing when adjusted for inflation -- unless you make over 100k. But many things have been getting more expensive compared to inflation -- food and shelter, which everybody needs, and for which poor people have to pay a far, far larger percentage of their income.
It's nice to think that more investment and job creation will be the natural result of lower taxes and deregulation, but recent history is pretty clear: all rich people need to do to get richer, is spend money in a way that accomplishes that. If that means investing in industry, they'll do that. If it means rolling up a gigantic tarball of toxic debt and hot-potatoing it around the marketplace until it crashes the economy, and then run begging to the US government to wash the hands of whoever caught it last, they'll do that, instead. For example, Koch Industries, who fund Reason Magazine, made a pretty penny in 2008 via "contango" oil price manipulation. They got more money, but produced no additional value. They brazenly enriched themselves at the cost of the rest of us.
Multiply that action by thousands, or hundreds of thousands, and you start to see the path that led us here. Money going upstairs and nothing of value coming down.
Lower taxes and looser regulation is what we've been DOING FOR TEN YEARS. it's what GOT US HERE.
There have been several times in the history of the USA where the overall tax rate was lowered, and tax revenues went up. This is because "the rich" moved money out of tax shelters and started investing it, which grew GNP. In other words, tax revenue went up because government was collecting a lower rate on a much larger amount of money. And "the rich" paid more taxes than they paid before.
Three examples from the late 20th century where tax-cuts lead to increased revenues: JFK, Reagan, and Clinton. However, on closer inspection, JFK cut taxes while closing loopholes, citing his own family as an example of how the wealthy evaded taxes. Rich people pulled their money out of tax shelters because that is exactly what JFK forced them to do by closing said loopholes. Reagan's tax cutting lead to a decrease in tax receipts, but they were coupled with deregulations of financial markets (and two subsequent tax increases) that increased revenues overall. This deregulation arguably lead to the creation of bubbles (e.g., Black Monday), which landed in the lap of Bush 1.0 and lead to him raising taxes. Clinton cut taxes as well, but focused them on the middle class, and again tax receipts were not the primary source of growth, it was the Dot Com Bubble, which arguably lead to the 2001 recession at the start of Bush 2.0. Speaking of Bush 2.0, he also cut taxes--dramatically--and passed on a huge deficit and a Carter-style recession to Obama.
I am not trying to argue with you, nor am I defending the policies of any administration, I just want to point out that the world is vastly more complicated than "cutting taxes increases revenues." Also, American presidents have developed a habit of increasing spending/cutting taxes and using creative accounting/deregulation to make themselves look good, and then passing an economic shit sandwich on to the next administration.
There are some people who view the above as a problem; this problem is called "the rich get richer". Even if the poor get richer also, which confuses me. How will you increase jobs without someone who is rich getting richer? And how does that rich person hurt the poor by getting richer?
If the rich get richer faster than the overall economy is growing, then the poor get poorer--either by direct loss or by incurring more debt. I refuse to use a pie analogy, but the economy is finite in size and when it shrinks, those whose wealth increases are by definition gaining at the expense of others. Reasonable People do not have a problem with "the rich getting richer;" they have a problem with the rich getting richer at the expense of the middle class. Again, not trying to pick a fight, just trying to contextualize your question.
Disclaimer: I don't even live in the US; I make my modest income in Euros in a country with a 50% income tax rate and a 20% sales tax.
The assumption that we have to take "the coming age of austerity" for granted is backwards. Health care and research aren't mutually exclusive. We need both, and the world has enough resources to provide both!
Here at my university, after the budget cuts were announced the first thing we cut was the agricultural science department. I guess because it's not very glamorous anymore, and some of it is long term (and apparently no one needs to eat anymore, glad we got that one taken care of.). One of my interests is pomology (the study of fruit producing plants), and almost all of that got cut just about everywhere due to it's long term nature, so I wouldn't say it is out of the question that something similar could
Short answer: No. Nope, it can't. We need to get the budget balanced and the debt down to a reasonable amount. There will be many brutal discussions about what gets funded and what doesn't. Long term research just doesn't have the lobbying clout of Defense or Big Oil. They're going to get hammered. Note that I'm not endorsing cuts to long term research, just predicting that in the shady politics where an actual default is contemplated as a craven political move, we have no hope of actually doing anything us
Well luckily there seems to be a lot of places you could take research money from without stinting technological or knowledge advancement.
I used to work in the Psychology department of a university and I dare you to come up with a reason why it benefits anyone to do another study on how harmful smoking is or the dynamics of a relationship.
Still they get millions in grants.
How about we stop giving more money to those who don't need it and share the wealth more evenly? Oh noes, that's socialism. Give me a fucking break.
I am pissed, because of a very recent study, that has shown once again that the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. Between 2000 and 2010 net income has dropped by 2.5% in Germany. Lower income groups have had a decrease between 16% and 22% in their paycheck. High income groups have seen a modest increase of 1%. Partly, because the low-wage sector was expan
Cuts happen, it's just the way it is, stupid or not. There are a few things we could do to actually improve the research infrastructure in the country and get more out of the money we do have.
Primarily: stop giving out grants, move everything to industry style contracts. It's time to recognize that industrial research labs and academic research labs are operating on the same level. This does a few things: it allows the government to specify public ownership of research results (right now Universities keep their IP and defense contractors do not... odd, yes?), second, it leads to the normalization of lab pay. If you're on a contract, you should be paid the professional rate. Graduate tuition is simply academic administrators picking the government's pocket, things need to move to the cost plus fee model used in industrial contracts. Under a contract, that money would be moved over toward salary and benefits instead, a very good thing. A school could continue with the myth that their "students" are part time workers who require large amounts of "training", but then a government contracting officer could actually require proof of that statement, and details of the "training" being done.
Another thing that would help would be an acknowledgement that not everyone is cut out to run a lab. Long term research positions for people with PhDs should be viable career options rather than "spouse" prizes. There are many, many people out there who are great researchers and great team leaders, but can't write a grant to save their life. We still want those people to succeed at research.
Ok... long enough... essentially, anyone who tells you there isn't waste/fraud/abuse in scientific funding is full of BS, we can still do a lot better. If we're not willing to try to improve, we're going to keep losing money.
You could cut all funding for scientific research or 10% from Defense. In the former cause you would decimate the American university system, and the economy as a whole. In the latter case you might have to do without the Joint Strike Fighter (the total cost of which is ten times the entire research budget) or about four nuclear subs. In neither case would you even put a dent in overall spending. A bit more perspective: federal spending on research is equal to approximately %30 of the amount paid for interest on the National Debt.
Fighting over rounding errors in the budget like funding for research, the top income tax rate, education, etc. is simply another way to divert attention from Defense and Health and Human Services, which are by themselves larger than the economies of many countries.
I THINK MAN INVENTED THE CAR by instinct. -- Jack Handley, The New Mexican, 1988.


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Five years of PA4LP work in the Caucasus Ecoregion
The results of the 2011 review of implementation of the CBD's Programme of Work on Protected Areas (PoWPA) in the Caucasus Ecoregion are summarized in the specially produced brochure. PoWPA implementation was reviewed in five countries of the Caucasus Ecoregion - Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia and Turkey. In these countries PA4LP supported strong national and regional level partnerships of donors, governments, scientists and civil society which assisted governments in delivering on CBD Protected Areas commitments. This partnership approach made a significant contribution to meeting CBD targets and strengthening of PA systems in the Caucasus.
This five year project would not have been successful without good will and effective partnership between all stakeholders. But much remains to be done to strengthen PA systems in the region: the last chapter highlights key developments and defines future priorities to meet targets of the PoWPA as well as setting out further opportunities for partnerships.
The brochure is produced under the auspicesof the Caucasus Biodiversity Council with the support of the PA4LP project - a collaboration of the Swiss-based MAVA Foundation and WWF.


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Ben Affleck's 'Argo' wins big Oscar prize
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Mixed messages, thy name is Oscar.
Loath to miss a love-in, in Sunday's 85th Oscars the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences followed the lead of nearly every other awards show this season, and gave the best picture trophy to the CIA/Canadian Caper movie Argo.
The award was even presented via live feed by First Lady Michelle Obama.
But that's pretty much where the love stopped. Ben Affleck's film won only film editing and best adapted screenplay for Chris Terrio. Affleck himself wasn't even nominated for best director.
The rest of the major awards were a mixed bag of everyone who caught the Academy's eye. Daniel Day-Lewis won best actor for Lincoln, Jennifer Lawrence best actress for Silver Linings Playbook, Anne Hathaway (Les Miserables) and Christoph Waltz (Django Unchained) got the supporting awards, Life of Pi director Ang Lee won best director and Django director Quentin Tarantino won an original script award.
Affleck has taken heat from up North over short-shrifting Canadian ambassador Ken Taylor in his re-telling of the 1980 Iran hostage smuggling tale.
In his acceptance speech as producer, he rushed the words, "I want to thank Canada" out of his mouth.
Interestingly, Canadians seemed to get more props from Life of Pi (based on a Canuck novel by Yann Martel).
Toronto composer Mychael Danna won for best original score, and a visual effects Oscar was given to a team that included Vancouver-based FX artist Guillaume Rocheron (the movie also won a cinematography award).
In his speech, Lee thanked, "my Taiwan (film) team, my Indian team and my Canadian team, I love you."
Day-Lewis broke a "Spielberg curse" that has seen the director's actors shut out of awards over the years. He thanked, "the mysteriously beautiful mind, body and spirit of Abraham Lincoln."
There was one shock and one "awww," as the Oscars for supporting actor and actress were handed out.
No one was surprised when Hathaway won supporting actress for the role of Fantine in the musical Les Miserables.
"It came true!" said Hathaway who'd performed the song, I Dreamed A Dream in a segment earlier in the evening.
She dedicated the award to a future when poverty-stricken single mothers like Fantine "will only be found in stories and never more in real life."
But — opposite favourites Robert De Niro and Tommy Lee Jones — it was a definite surprise when Waltz won best supporting actor for his role as a German bounty hunter in Tarantino's slave-era action film.
He had previously won a supporting nod for his portrayal of a Nazi officer in Tarantino's Inglourious Basterds.
Les Miserables also took two technical awards in the early going, for makeup & hairstyling and sound mixing, while Anna Karenina won for costume design. The abuse-themed short film Curfew won for live action short, while Innocente, about a homeless artistic teen, won documentary short.
As expected, Michael Haneke's Amour (which was also nominated for best picture) won best foreign-language film, while the acclaimed Searching For Sugar Man, the surprising documentary about a presumed-dead musical legend, took the feature doc Oscar.
In other awards, Pixar's Brave – a female-centric heroic fairy tale set in the Scottish highlands - won best animated feature, while Disney's theatrically released short Paperman won best short animated film.
In sound editing, there was a rare tie between Zero Dark Thirty and the James Bond film Skyfall, while Argo took the award for film editing and Lincoln was honoured for production design. Skyfall's Adele and Paul Epworth - also took the best song Oscar for the movie's theme.
Nominees for the 85th annual Academy Awards (winner will be coloured in RED:
Best Picture
"Beasts of the Southern Wild"
"Les Miserables"
"Zero Dark Thirty"
"Life of Pi"
"Silver Linings Playbook"
"Django Unchained"
Best Actor in a Leading Role
Daniel Day-Lewis -- "Lincoln"
Bradley Cooper -- "Silver Linings Playbook"
Joaquin Phoenix -- "The Master"
Denzel Washington -- "Flight"
Hugh Jackman -- "Les Miserables"
Best Actress in a Leading Role
Jessica Chastain -- "Zero Dark Thirty"
Jennifer Lawrence -- "Silver Linings Playbook"
Emmanuelle Riva -- "Amour"
Quvenzhane Wallis -- "Beasts of the Southern Wild"
Naomi Watts -- "The Impossible"
Bing: More on 2013 Academy Awards | More on the nominees
Best Actor in a Supporting Role
Philip Seymour Hoffman -- "The Master"
Tommy Lee Jones -- "Lincoln"
Robert De Niro -- "Silver Linings Playbook"
Alan Arkin -- "Argo"
Christoph Waltz -- "Django Unchained"
Best Actress in a Supporting Role
Amy Adams -- "The Master"
Anne Hathaway -- "Les Miserables"
Sally Field -- "Lincoln"
Helen Hunt -- "The Sessions"
Jacki Weaver -- "Silver Linings Playbook"
Best Director
Michael Haneke -- "Amour"
Steven Spielberg -- "Lincoln"
David O. Russell -- "Silver Linings Playbook"
Ang Lee -- "Life of Pi"
Benh Zeitlin -- "Beasts of the Southern Wild"
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Best Animated Feature
"Wreck-It Ralph"
"The Pirates! Band of Misfits"
Best Animated Short Film
"Adam and Dog"
"The Simpsons: The Longest Daycare"
Best Live Action Short Film
"Buzkashi Boys"
"Death of a Shadow (Dood van een Schaduw)"
Best Cinematography
Seamus McGarvey -- "Anna Karenina"
Claudio Miranda -- "Life of Pi"
Roger Deakins -- "Skyfall"
Robert Richardson -- "Django Unchained"
Janusz Kaminski -- "Lincoln"
Best Costume Design
Jacqueline Durran -- "Anna Karenina"
Paco Delgado -- "Les Miserables"
Joanna Johnston -- "Lincoln"
Eiko Ishioka -- "Mirror Mirror"
Colleen Atwood -- "Snow White and the Huntsman"
Best Documentary Feature
"The Gatekeepers"
"How to Survive a Plague"
"The Invisible War"
"Searching for Sugar Man"
"5 Broken Cameras"
Best Documentary Short
"Mondays at Racine"
"Kings Point"
"Open Heart"
Best Film Editing
William Goldberg -- "Argo"
Michael Kahn -- "Lincoln"
Tim Squyres -- "Life of Pi"
Dylan Tichenor, William Goldenberg -- "Zero Dark Thirty"
Jay Cassidy and Crispin Struthers -- "Silver Linings Playbook"
Best Foreign Language Film
"A Royal Affair"
"War Witch"
Best Makeup and Hairstyling
Peter Swords King, Rick Findlater and Tami Lane -- "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey"
Lisa Westcott and Julie Dartnell -- "Les Miserables"
Howard Berger, Peter Montagna and Martin Samuel -- "Hitchcock"
Best Original Score
Alexandre Desplat -- "Argo"
Dario Marianelli -- "Anna Karenina"
Mychael Danna -- "Life of Pi"
John Williams -- "Lincoln"
Thomas Newman -- "Skyfall"
Best Original Song
"Before My Time" from "Chasing Ice" -- Music and Lyric by J. Ralph
"Suddenly" from "Les Miserables" -- Music by Claude-Michel Schönberg; Lyric by Herbert Kretzmer and Alain Boublil
"Skyfall" from "Skyfall" -- Music and Lyric by Adele Adkins and Paul Epworth
"Pi's Lullaby" from "Life of Pi" -- Music by Mychael Danna; Lyric by Bombay Jayashri
"Everybody Needs a Best Friend" from "Ted" -- Music by Walter Murphy; Lyric by Seth MacFarlane
Best Production Design
Sarah Greenwood and Katie Spencer -- "Anna Karenina"
David Gropman and Anna Pinnock -- "Life of Pi"
Rick Carter, Jim Erickson and Peter T. Frank -- "Lincoln"
Eve Stewart and Anna Lynch-Robinson -- "Les Miserables"
Dan Hennah, Ra Vincent and Simon Bright -- "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey"
Best Sound Editing
"Life of Pi"
"Skyfall" (tie)
"Django Unchained"
"Zero Dark Thirty" (tie)
Best Sound Mixing
"Les Miserables"
"Life of Pi"
Best Visual Effects
"Marvel's The Avengers"
"The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey"
"Life of Pi"
"Snow White and the Huntsman"
Best Adapted Screenplay
Tony Kushner -- "Lincoln"
Chris Terrio -- "Argo"
David O. Russell -- "Silver Linings Playbook"
David Magee -- "Life of Pi"
Benh Zeitlin and Lucy Alibar -- "Beasts of the Southern Wild"
Best Original Screenplay
Mark Boal -- "Zero Dark Thirty"
Wes Anderson and Roman Coppola -- "Moonrise Kingdom"
Michael Hakeke -- "Amour"
Quentin Tarentino -- "Django Unchained"
John Gatins -- "Flight"
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