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2014-11-28 11:26:32| 分类: JVM/ HotSpot | 标签: |举报 |字号大中小 订阅
When an invokevirtual call is linked, the linker resolves the call to an abstract target method. This boils down to a target class and a vtable index within that class. Since the target class is statically guaranteed by the verifier, the significant result (for execution of the call) is the vtable index.
A vtable is a display, associated with a class, of actual target methods for every virtual method which the class responds to, or any of its superclasses responds to. Just as the fields of an individual instance grow from a prefix shared with super classes toward a suffix unique to the instance's exact class, the vtable of a class grows from a prefix of method slots shared with super classes toward a suffix of methods which are unique to the class. If the class has no subclasses, those methods, though virtual, might not be overridden. But subclasses may replace those inherited prefix slots with their own overriding methods.
If a class is concrete, all of its vtable entries refer to concrete (executable) methods. If a class is abstract, some of its vtable entries may lack executable code. (They are occupied by abstract methods. If such an entry gets executed by accident, an error is thrown.)
In HotSpot, a class's vtable is allocated directly inside the InstanceKlass object which serves as metadata for the class. This means that a virtual call can proceed in two indirections: One to get the _klass field from the header of an object, and another to load the vtable slot from the InstanceKlass. (A typical offset is 200 or 300 bytes into the middle of the InstanceKlass.) After the vtable, the InstanceKlass contains other variable-sized structures, such as the itable (which is similar to the vtable) and oops maps for instance fields. This double indirection pattern is very similar to that seen in most C++ implementations. However, there is (currently) a third indirection to fetch an entry point from the Method, pointer to which occupies a vtable slot. For example, see the code in src/cpu/x86/vm/vtableStubs_x86_32.cpp.
It is legal for an invokevirtual bytecode to refer to a final method. A final method need not have a vtable slot allocated. This means that, after linking, an invokevirtual bytecode might in fact collapse into the equivalent of an invokestatic bytecode. The interpreter is prepared to do this.
The Java language exposes two states for call sites: Unlinked and linked. Once a virtual call site is linked it is handled by a vtable-based calling sequence (or a direct one, in rare cases).
Call sites in compiled code typically do not use the vtable-based calling sequence. That is because most of them are "well behaved" and can be implemented more efficiently than via a triple indirection. Even if the compiler does not take special steps to optimize a call site, there is an intermediate state, between unlinked and vtable-based, where a call site can point to a single method. This state is called "monomorphic". A monomorphic call site is one which optimistically points to the only concrete method that has ever been used at that particular call site. The calling sequence consists of verifying that the current (dynamically determined) receiver is exactly the same type as the previous call. That check is a simple pointer comparison, of a constant versus the InstanceKlass* loaded (via one indirection) from the object header. If the check succeeds, the call is made directly.
The receiver class is the one observed when the call site was first linked. If a new class is ever encountered (and this eventually happens for roughly ten percent of call sites), the call site is relinked to use the vtable based calling sequence: The address of the call instruction is patched to a vtable dispatch stub. This relinking is invisible to the Java programmer.
More details: Vtable stubs are assembled on the fly, but there are only about a hundred of them. There is one for each distinct vtable slot (offset within the InstanceKlass of the second indirection). For a monomorphic call site, the caller loads the expected class (as a InstanceKlass*) into a standard (non-argument) register, and optimistically jumps to the expected target method. All such target methods are compiled with a special "verified entry point" (VEP) which includes an instruction to compare the incoming InstanceKlass* against the receiver's _klass field. If the check succeeds, control falls through to the normal "unverified entry point" (UEP) of the compiled method. If the check fails, control branches out of the (wrong) method into a stub which performs an up-call to the JVM, to figure out what's wrong, and (usually) relink the call site.
Since most call sites are monomorphic, they can be completed in a single branch with a parallel receiver type check. Here is a generic instruction trace of this simple case:
callSite: set #expectedKlass, CHECK call #expectedMethod.VEP --- expectedMethod.VEP: cmp (RCVR + #klass), CHECK jump,ne wrongMethod compiledEntry: ...
Any method that can be a target of such a call has two entry points, the VEP ("verified entry point") and the UEP ("unverified entry point"). The former does a two-instruction type check and then falls into the latter.
Here is a generic instruction trace of a polymorphic interface call. It is the equivalent of the C++ virtual function dispatch.
callSite: set #garbage, CHECK call #vtableStub[vtableSlot] --- vtableStub[vtableSlot]: load (RCVR + #klass), TEM load (TEM + #(vtable + vtableSlot)), METHOD load (METHOD + #compiledEntry), TEM jump TEM --- compiledEntry: ...
In all, that is 3 memory references and two nonlocal jumps.
Note that the intermediate "vtable stub" is customized to the vtable offset (which is usually in the 200-300 range, given that the header of a InstanceKlass is around 200 bytes, or somewhat more on LP64). The vtable stub is not customized to the klass.
The final memory reference in this instruction trade could be removed by storing a pointer to each method's UEP in vtable (and itable) entries, as C++ does. This has not been done because it would then be difficult for the interpreter to use the vtables. (An earlier version of the system had two-word vtables, to display both kinds two entry points on an equal footing, but this led to complexities and, worst of all, race conditions.) It is an interesting problem to try to invert the preference the current design gives to the interpreter; the interpreted entry point would have to be hidden somewhere at a fixed offset from the method's compiled entry point, but not close enough to disturb the tuning of the VEP.
Call sites of this polymorphic form are rarely generated directly by the JIT; instead, they are generated to call to a bootstrapping linkage routine, which then sets them (if all goes well) to the monomorphic state described above. When the second receiver type is encountered, the linkage code (at the
wrongMethod jump target above) is called to transition the call site to its polymorphic state. The state changes are summarized in the leading comments of src/share/vm/code/compiledIC.hpp.
When an invokeinterface call is linked, the linker resolves the call to an abstract target method, in an interface. This boils down to a target interface and a so-called itable index within that interface.
Target interfaces are never statically guaranteed by the JVM verifier; every invokeinterface receiver is typed as a simple object reference. Therefore (unlike invokevirtual calls), no assumptions can be made about the receiver's vtable layout. Instead, the receiver's class (as represented by its _klass field) must be checked more carefully. Where a virtual call can blindly perform two or three indirections to reach the target method, an interface call must first inspect the receiver's class to determine (a) if that class actually implements the interface, and (b) if so, where that interface's methods are recorded within that particular class.
There is no simple prefixing scheme in which an interface's methods are displayed at fixed offsets within every class that implements that interface. Instead, in the general (non-monomorphic) case, an assembly-coded stub routine must fetch a list of implemented interfaces from the receiver's InstanceKlass, and walk that list seeking the current target interface.
Once that interface is found (within the receiver's InstanceKlass), things get a little easier, because the interface's methods are arranged in an itable, or "interface method table", a display of methods whose slot structure is the same for every class that implements the interface in question. Therefore, once the interface is found within the receiver's InstanceKlass, an associated offset directs the assembly stub to an itable embedded in the InstanceKlass (just after the vtable, as one might expect). At that point, invocation proceeds as with virtual method calls.
In the interpreter, the state of a linked invokeinterface instruction consists of two words (both in the constant pool cache): The interface being sought, and the index within that interface's itable of the method being called. (There is no need to search for symbolic method names as in message-oriented languages; only the interface needs to be searched for.) In some very rare corner cases (as with invokevirtual), the linkage state of an invokeinterface instruction might actually direct the interpreter to treat the call equivalently to an invokespecial or invokevirtual. That latter case can occur when an interface declares an Object method like hashCode as an interface method; the JVM does not allocate itable slots for those methods.
Nearly the same optimizations apply to interface calls as to virtual calls. As with virtual calls, most interface calls are monomorphic, and can therefore be rendered as direct calls with a cheap check.
It is a curious fact that the searching process described above, while currently a linear search over an array embedded in the receiver's InstanceKlass, could also be implemented, with roughly equivalent performance, as a pointer-chasing search over a linked-list representation of implemented interfaces. Indeed, some languages use pointer chasing for dynamic lookup. The advantage of such a representation is a looser coupling between a class and its methods (or in JVM terms, its itables; an itable may contain either single methods or groups of methods). The looser coupling would allow a class to extend its implemented interfaces in a type-safe and compatible manner, just as a SmallTalk class can add new methods with a modest amount of pointer swapping.
Since most call sites are monomorphic, they complete very quickly; see the monomorphic sample code under VirtualCalls.
Here is a generic instruction trace of a polymorphic interface call.
callSite: set #calledInterface, CHECK call #itableStub[itableSlot] --- itableStub[itableSlot]: load (RCVR + #klass), KLASS_TEM load (KLASS_TEM + #vtableSize), TEM add (KLASS_TEM + TEM), SCAN_TEM tryAgain: # this part is repeated zero or more times, usually zero load (SCAN_TEM + #itableEntry.interface), TEM cmp TEM, CHECK jump,eq foundInterface test TEM jump,z noSuchInterface inc #sizeof(itableEntry), SCAN_TEM jump tryAgain tryAgain: load (SCAN_TEM + #itableEntry.interface), TEM cmp TEM, CHECK jump,eq foundInterface foundInterface: load (SCAN_TEM + #itableEntry.offset), TEM load (KLASS_TEM + TEM + #itableSlot), METHOD load (METHOD + #compiledEntry), TEM jump TEM --- compiledEntry: ...
In all, that is six memory references and two nonlocal jumps.
Note that the intermediate "itable stub" is customized to the itable offset (which is always small and often zero). It is not customized to the interface; the call site uses the CHECK register (also used by monomorphic calls) to transmit the desired interface.
For some other approaches to reducing the cost of this operation, see Faster Interface Invocation in the Da Vinci Machine Project pages.
(The alert reader will note that updating the call site from its monomorphic state to its polymorphic state requires a two-word MP-safe transaction. This is simulated by "bungee patching", in which the target of the call is temporarily patched to a safely initialized copy of the desired call site. This extra indirection is later retracted at a safe moment, by the routine
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01 Aug 2014
Increasing lateral lengths and the addition of fracturing stages are driving proppant demand as providers continue to develop technological advances that allow operators to boost initial production and enhance estimated ultimate recoveries in U.S. resource plays.
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Preparing Angelenos During El Niño and Future Emergencies
Posted by Councilmember Englander on November 13, 2015 at 12:00 PM
Earlier this week, Mayor Eric Garcetti signed an Executive Directive to ensure the City of Los Angeles is fully prepared for the heavy rainfall and potential impacts of this season's El Niño weather pattern.
The 14th Executive Directive creates an El Niño Task Force, led by the Emergency Management Department and comprised of thirteen City departments, will focus on the short- and long-term planning specific to the heavy rain, flooding, erosion, and debris flow associated with El Niño.
Mayor Garcetti also announced the new enhancements within the City giving all Angelenos the ability to respond effectively in the event of an emergency. Los Angeles cell phone users will now be able to use any functioning network during an emergency, regardless of a customer's service provider.
I encourage all Angelenos to register with NotifyLA, the City's mass notification system to find extensive information about storm and emergency preparedness. Once an individual registers, they will receive information via voice, text, or email message alerts only if their geographic area is impacted by an emergency. To register, go towww.ElNinoLA.com.
Click here to read the Executive Directive.
-Mitchell Englander, Chair Public Safety Committee
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text:
Hello. I know it's been a while since I blogged, and I apologize. (I'll keep my personal woes to myself.)
But I had some pleasant and, frankly, some surprising news: my short story (my first one), "Wade," has been accepted by Inscape Magazine for publication sometime in 2016. I'd started thinking, when all I was getting were rejection slips, that somehow the story wasn't good enough or modern enough or any other thing enough. So when I got my most recent Writer's Digest, and there was an article about two ways to fix any story, I thought, well, I might as well read this and see if I can fix "Wade." The article, by Elizabeth Sims ("Power Tools," Writer's Digest, January 2016) was aimed at fixing novels, but I thought it might apply to other kinds of writing.
Sims singles out two big guns: arc and pace. She says, "Arc is the path your story follows, suggesting both change and the passage of time." And pace "is simply the rate of speed at which your plot events unfold." And then she discusses these as they might present in a novel. I thought that might also apply to short stories, so I was getting ready to reexamine "Wade," but first I checked my email. AND THERE WAS AN ACCEPTANCE MESSAGE FOR "WADE"! I was thrilled, as you can imagine. And I left "Wade" alone.
But I got to thinking. In an arc, you start in one place, go through a middle, and end up somewhere else. And how much middle and how fast do you get to that other place? It seems to me that poetry is like that. I have a line, an image, a mood, something I want to start with. I don't know where it's going to go, or how I'm going to get there. So I just start writing. I don't censor anything, worry about my direction, because I don't know what the poem is yet. But eventually, I get written out, and I realize, "Oh, that's what I'm writing about." And then the revisions can begin. And after having read Sims' article about arc and pace, I think those are factors, albeit on a much smaller, but perhaps more intense, scale.
And I was listening to my favorite radio station, WFMT98.7 (a fine arts station out of Chicago), and I thought arc and pace also applied to music. (A little note–no pun intended–I was a prize-winning composer in undergraduate and graduate school. I love music, and I liked writing it, but I loved word writing even more. In fact, a lot of my pieces were settings of poems, texts, etc.) You take a theme, you see all the things you can do with it, and by the end, you're in a different place entirely. I think Schubert's "Unfinished Symphony" is a broken form of this. He starts out with a beautiful theme, begins to work it, finds lots of stuff, but eventually gets stuck, and keeps coming back to the same place. He can't get somewhere else, conclude the arc, find a place to end up. Don't get me wrong: I love Schubert, and I love that symphony, and if I'd written that, I would have considered myself a genius.
But the point is, all forms of art, I think, have (as Aristotle said in his Poetics, speaking about tragedy) a beginning, a middle and an end. (Pardon me if I don't quote exactly; college was a long time ago.) And when I write my next poem, or (maybe, short story), I'll have some new ways of looking at things.


text:
Stalks and Stems: The Best Brisbane Florist in Town
Stalks and Stems is the ideal and trusted place for stunning and unique flowers Bulimba arrangements and special gifts. It is a definite treasure cove of flowers Bulimba and gifts found in a stylish historical shop in the vicinity of Bulimba Jetty. The Brisbane florist store is founded in 2013 and creates exquisite floral designs located in the heart of Bulimba.
The florist Bulimba team has more than thirty years of collective experience within the Brisbane florist industry, enabling their ingenuity to rise to an amazing level dubbed to be the finest Bulimba Florist in town. If you want the highest quality and superbly unique flowers Bulimba bouquets for every occasion, Stalk and Stems is the right place for you. You can choose from different variants of Tulips, Lily of the Valley, Hydrangeas, Peony, Calla Lily, Gardenia, and the crowd favourite Bulimba roses to suit your needs.
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Whether it be traditional, edgy, elegant, or simplistic roses Bulimba arrangements, your florist Brisbane will set the intended mood and suit your style on this joyous occasion. Be it as a Bulimba roses bouquet carried by the stunning bride or as a centrepiece in the reception, let the beautiful buds create absolute scene-stealer in your wedding. Your florist Brisbane will take your style to heart and create a masterpiece just for you.
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2 Comments. Leave new
Hi Stalks & Stems,
We will have having our wedding on 10th March 2018 at Brisbane Racing Club and are hoping to see if you have any availability to assist us on our big day?! Any further information regarding bookings and planning for weddings would be appreciated. We will be organising our wedding from interstate, however have family locally who are keen to help.
Kind regards,
Anna and Ted
Hi Anna, Apologies for the delayed response.
To kick things off its best to visit our wedding page –
where you will find a enquiry form, from there we can continue with emails for quoting.
Also, while your there, you might find the seasonal availability and 'average prices' guides handy to check out.
Hope to here from you soon!!
The Stalks & Stems Team.


text:
Development of thermoplastic grey-level image registrationProject ID: INTAS-93-0616
Funded under:
Development of thermoplastic grey-level image registration
Project details
Total cost:Not available
EU contribution:EUR 50 000
Coordinated in:Germany
The thermoplastic image registration combines the advantages of the photographic image registration (high resolution, a large number of image elements in an image line, no need to use additional storage devices) with those of the optoelectronic image registration (the capability to read out data in a short time and to use the same material for registration of a new image). A deficiency in the thermoplastic materials (TM) which prevents their wide use for image registration is their small dynamic range (a small number of resolvable grey levels).
The aim of this project is to develop the principles and technology of the grey-level thermoplastic image registration, including the development of the technology of the TM, and the principles and technology of image recording and read-out, which would allow the growth of the dynamic range of the TM to make it suitable for practical applications. This aim can be achieved on the basis of using raster TM and by manufacturing special hermetised packages with TM on a glass substratum.
The following activities will be carried out: development of requirements to thermoplastic materials, based on the task and the conditions of stereo imaging from space; development and manufacturing of thermoplastic materials according to the requirements of high-resolution stereo imaging; testing thermoplastic materials; optimisation of regimes of image recording and of techniques of image read-out.
A final report will be produced containing the following principal results: a definition of the photographic requirements on the thermoplastic materials for the task of stereo imaging from the space platforms; the development of a laboratory sample of raster thermoplastic materials on glass substratum suitable for grey-level image registration and information read-out; optimisation of the registration and read-out processes for the developed thermoplastic materials; the development and test of the camera prototype for thermoplastic grey-level image registration; a definition of the photographic characteristics of the developed thermoplastic materials; and the development of proposals for the design of satellite imaging instruments with thermoplastic image registration.
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text:
Malone, Dolan Bid on Bresnan Systems
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Reports on the resignation of Liberty Media chairman John Malone as director of Cablevision Systems following the company's failed satellite television venture Voom. Reason behind Malone's resignation; Potential effects of the resignation on the future of Cablevision according to cable...
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- Under Malone, liberty not just for cable. Mermigas, Diane // Electronic Media;06/21/99, Vol. 18 Issue 25, p21
Reports on Liberty Media Corp. head John Malone's efforts to expand the firm's telecommunications market in the United States. Deals signed by Malone defining Liberty's operations beyond cable; Liberty's acquisition of Associated Group as part of its expansion into the wireless industry;...
- IT'S KICKING ASSETS AND TAKING GAINS. Littleton, Cynthia; Lowry, Tom // Daily Variety;12/17/2010, Vol. 309 Issue 53, p12
An excerpt from the December 13-19, 2010 edition of "Variety" is presented.
- John Malone News: He Backs Journalism In Cause of Liberty. // Multichannel News;4/23/2012, Vol. 33 Issue 17, p4
The article offers the insights of John Malone, chairman of Liberty Media Corp., regarding the interest of the company in journalism.
- Deals see exex cash in. Littleton, Cynthia // Daily Variety;12/28/2009, Vol. 305 Issue 57, p1
The article reports on the new employment contracts of the top executives at Liberty Media Corp. and Cablevision Systems Corp. in the U.S. Greg Maffei will remain as chief executive officer (CEO) of Liberty until 2015, while Chris Albrecht was appointed as president and CEO of Starz group....
- James Dolan rises through the ranks. // Long Island Business News (7/1993 to 5/2009);2/26/96 Supplement CEO Yearbook, Vol. 43 Issue 9, p10
Profiles James Dolan, chief executive officer of the Cablevision Systems Corp. Academic background; Career history; Dolan's responsibility for all Cablevision's business units; Dolan's business ethics.


text:
Are you looking for a manageable project with NO ONWARD CHAIN?
A fantastic opportunity to purchase a three bedroom character cottage situated in the heart of the award winning village of Winkleigh.
Offered with ''NO ONWARD CHAIN'' and priced to reflect the requirement for some updating and modernisation, this character filled cottage benefits from an open plan kitchen/lounge/Diner, a large conservatory and two story garage with huge potential for alteration (subject to building regulations), three first floor bedrooms, a shower room, and a sunny aspect south facing garden.
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A versatile room built on a blockwork base, polycarbonate roof, windows, fitted power, plumbing and light.
The room offers multiple possibilities and could easily be encompassed into the main house and/or into the garage (subject to building regulations).
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The kitchen has a range of matching base storage units & drawers, work surfaces, built in oven & hob, stainless steel double sink set beneath a window.
The lounge/dining area has a hardwood floor, character inglenook fireplace, sliding patio doors, double power sockets and television point.
Rising to The First Floor
Bedroom One 4.14m x 2.40m (13'6" x 7'10")
Having a built in storage cupboard, double power sockets and double glazed window with window seat.
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With double glazed window and window seat.
Bedroom Three 2.50m x 1.97m (8'2" x 6'5")
With Double glazed window
Shower Room 2.27m x 1.70m (7'5" x 5'6")
Having a traditional white suite comprising of a low level W.C. pedestal was hand basin. fully tiled shower cubicle with Mira electric shower and extractor.
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With double wooden doors to the front, the garage is double story and backs onto the conservatory.
Mains Water
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Mains Electricity
Council Tax Band 'A'
Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulation
As the sellers agents we are not surveyors or conveyancing experts & as such we cannot & do not comment on the condition of the property, any apparatus, equipment, fixtures and fittings, or services or issues relating to the title or other legal issues that may affect the property, unless we have been made aware of such matters. Interested parties should employ their own professionals to make such enquiries before making any transactional decisions. You are advised to check the availability of any property before travelling any distance to view.
To make an appointment to view this property please contact Howes Estates on 01837 83393
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Happy Chinese New Year from Tedboy!
Posted on Friday, Jan 20 2017 on 03:08 PM
Every year, Tedboy celebrates Chinese New Year with our specially made festive products–and this year is no different! We introduce our cookie tower called Tower of Fortune, with premium cookies made in our kitchen as well as new flavours to welcome the festive season!
For new height of fortune and propserity, let's usher in the Year of the Fire Rooster by crowing to new beginnings, prosperity, longevity and happiness!
Tower of Fortune and its cookies are carefully selected, made and packed within our kitchen:
Almond Biscotti, is made of pure vanilla pasta and premium whole almonds thinly sliced for the crispy texture. Biscotti means 'twice-baked', originated from Italy and usually dipped in a drink! Almonds are the perfect source of healthy fats, fiver, protein, magnesium and vitamin E, and one of the best way to enjoy almonds is having it baked into a biscotti.
We introduce a new addictive snack (crunchy and simply delicious): Prawn Rolls! Prawns are traditionally symbolic of 'Liveliness' or 'Happiness'. In Cantonese, the pronunciation of prawns ('ha'), sounds like laughter. What more, the shape of the rolls resembles a gold bar–which a combination of both meanings: hope for a wholesome and fulfilling life!
We not only use coffee for drinks… we also use it to make delicious coffee cookies with chocolate chips! One of our newest invention, this cookie is delicious and excellent for gifting for coffee lovers. It gives a new (and modern) taste to celebrate this New Year! Now, who's up for this?
For a healthy and fruity flavour, we have created our this-season-only Orange & Thyme Cookies! Oranges are a symbol of prosperity and wealth (gold), while thyme just adds to the delectable flavour of the cookie. These two ingredients complement each other so well that we keep asking for more!
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You guys know how I feel about my Creme of Nature Pudding Perfection!! This stuff works so well with my hair! So you could imagine my reaction when Creme of Nature invited me to an special advanced screening of the Barbershop The Next Cut movie!!! Creme of Nature is the official hair care partner of this movie, so of course I had to attend the show rocking my freshly styled Creme of Nature curls!!! Check out my first youtube tutorial on how I styled my hair for the event!!
Products Used:
Creme of Nature Argan Oil Pure-Licious Cowash
Creme of Nature Argan Oil Strength and Shine Leave in Conditioner
Creme of Nature Argan Oil Pudding Perfection


text:
Americans fear being involved in another world war, the threat of North Korea using weapons, and the proposed American Health Care Act or 'Trumpcare', according to a US survey.
The top most fear was corruption of government officials - same top fear as 2015 and 2016.
The survey by Chapman University in the US asked respondents about 80 different fears across a broad range of categories including fears about the government, the environment, terrorism, health, natural disasters, and finances, as well as fears of public speaking, spiders, heights, ghosts and many other personal anxieties.
In addition to the set of fears examined in previous waves, the survey team took a closer look at one particular fear-related phenomena: fear of extremism.
The annual Chapman University Survey of American Fears included more than 1,207 adult participants from across the country and all walks of life.
The 2017 survey data was organised into four basic categories: personal fears, natural disasters, paranormal fears, and fear of extremism.
Nearly half of all Americans - 48 per cent - fear North Korea using nuclear weapons and 41 per cent fear a nuclear attack generally. The prospect of a nuclear meltdown has made 31 per cent afraid or very afraid.
Americans also feared pollution of oceans, rivers and lakes as well as drinking water.
Not having enough money in the future and high medical bills were among the top ten fears plaguing Americans.
"The 2017 survey data shows us that while some of the top fears have remained, there has also been a pronounced shift to environmental fears," said Christopher Bader, professor at Chapman University, who led the research.
"We are beginning to see trends that people tend to fear what they are exposed to in the media. Many of the top 10 fears this year can be directly correlated to the top media stories of the past year," said Bader.
Most striking about American fear in 2017 is that environmental fears figure more prominently than ever before.
Environmental issues never cracked the top ten fears in previous surveys. Water pollution ranks third overall, followed closely by drinking water quality.
A majority of Americans - 53.1 per cent - fear pollution of oceans, rivers and streams.
The fact that water pollution has become such a prominent fear in 2017 may be traced to the reversal of environmental policies of the Obama Administration, researchers said.
Americans believe that both Islamic Extremists and White Supremacists represent a threat to national security.
Three out of five Americans report they are very afraid or afraid that Islamic Extremists or Jihadists are a threat to national security.
After Islamic Extremists/Jihadists, White Supremacists are the only group that a majority of Americans view as a threat to national security (51 per cent).
While other types of extremist groups are a concern to large groups of Americans, only those two were identified by a majority of survey respondents.
(This story has not been edited by Business Standard staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)


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Celebrate Empowering Youth-Adult Relationships during National Mentoring Month 2016!
From keeping students engaged in and successful at school, to helping them graduate, attend college and succeed in a work environment, we know the impact that empowering youth-adult relationships can have on young people.
National Mentoring Month marks its 15th year in 2016 and focuses national attention on the need for more caring adults, as well as how each of us — individuals, businesses, government agencies, schools, faith communities and nonprofits — can work together to help young people reach their full potential.
We've planned a comprehensive campaign to raise the awareness of mentoring and its impact in strengthening communities.
Join the conversation by using the official #NationalMentoringMonth hashtag.
MMP's planned events and activities for National Mentoring Month:
- Statewide public awareness campaign utilizing press releases, op-eds, and social media
- Regular communications with mentoring programs
- Looking to ensure your program operates with quality best practices? Join us for a free webinar on Thursday, January 14 to learn about the benefits of becoming a Partner program through our Quality-Based Membership program.
- Corporate Mentoring Summit, January 12: Our third annual Summit will be held this year at Ernst and Young in Boston. This year's theme is Strengthening Boston, One Relationship At a Time. Boston Mayor Martin J. Walsh will speak about the Mayor's Mentoring Movement. There will also be a panel discussion about the My Brother's Keeper initiative and the work that's happening across the city in support. We will also recognize the newest awardees for our Corporate Mentoring Honor Roll.
- I Am a Mentor Day, January 14: Current mentors should share their stories on social media using the hashtag #SomeoneWhoMatters.
- Thank Your Mentor Day, January 21 (National): It's a great day to think about the mentors in our lives and all that they've done for us. Send them a thank you card or tell them thank you on social media.
- Mentoring Night at the Boston Celtics, January 15: More than 250 mentors and mentees will attend the Boston Celtics game and participate in special pre-game/in-game recognition opportunities.
- MLK Day of Service, January 18: Mass Mentoring Partnership will be serving with hundreds of other volunteers to take part in improvement projects at the Mather School in Dorchester.
- Youth Mentoring Day at the State House, January 21: MMP and the Highland Street AmeriCorps Ambassadors of Mentoring will host the tenth annual Youth Mentoring Day at the State House. Governor Charlie Baker will attend and speak. The event celebrates The Mentoring Movement: The Road To Relationships by featuring four different stories and perspectives on mentoring and empowering youth-adult relationships.
- National Mentoring Summit in Washington, D.C., January 27-29: Several Mass Mentoring Partnership staff will be attending this meeting of mentoring stakeholders from around the country.


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Magento updater jobs
Windows program, Windows 7 8 & 10 The program logs into a youtube account and repeatedly checks for live video stream When live video is found, copy the new live video url into a wordpress webpage shortcut. (already designed) and email new status. Settings in app for: Youtube login, Wordpress login, update interval, email address. Default update interval 30secs. Options 15Sec, 30Sec, 1min,...
I need some help with my business.
...increase spending so interested in plugins that can combine products and offer discounts etc like best buy in USA do to encourage this! Help us intergrate some sort of stock csv updater so we can update stock from suppliers csv. We plan to use same SKU's as suppliers to make it easy to upload stock weekly. Some marketing experience would be ideal or have
we have one News portal, I expect daily 7 times News update and our customer's advertisements design update, creative knowledge and Good English skills
I bid starmercury1 $3000 to fully redesign the auto updater for Windows, Linux, Android and macOS.
...payment gateway - allow importing Of course I will provide the source code, you should validate it yourself with Woocommerce, WC Subscriptions and the Woocommerce Subscriptions updater ([login to view URL]). It's not a big deal, but I'm looking forward in further assignments. My company is located in Germany
...removed. I need a way to delete or disable any sku that malabs don't carry any more to be removed/disabled/deleted on Amazon automatically every hour. I also have a price updater program, i need it to update inventory instead of pricing. I just need it quick grabbing sku and qty. This is for emergencies just in case the other one isn't working or something
Pinterest updater
Hello I have a APK program that we update from time to time. My APK is not on any Playstore and I need to have a service check to see if the program is updated then notify download and install the latest apk. There is free scripts on github that can do this i just need someone to do this for me. I will need The Client Service apk that checks for the update I will need server side Setup/ Confi...
I am a Android TV Box Private label O.D.M. Needing my private label updater app installed on my devices so that we can click on the app and it will grab the latest updates keeping everything current on my product. I will need the below actions completed for testing in 72 hrs upon recipt and a fully delivered project 48 hrs after i approve the project
CLICK ON WOOCOMMERCE TAB: 1. Please APPLY CHANGES for WP Performance Score Booster. Has been updated to version: 22.214.171.124. 2. Please "Run the updater" for Woocommerce data update. 3. Please update theme woocommerce template files: Your theme (Fitnes, Sport, Gym) contains outdated copies of some WooCommerce template files. These files may need updating
...components database and it will no longer be imported when the API CRON runs. 2. Create a CRON file which can be pointed to from the hosting company to run the API product updater on a set schedule, chosen by the amdin at the hosting company. 3. All files and naming should be titled "Chattanooga Shooting Supplies API for Eshop" 4. This project will
...components database and it will no longer be imported when the API CRON runs. 2. Create a CRON file which can be pointed to from the hosting company to run the API product updater on a set schedule, chosen by the amdin at the hosting company. 3. All files and naming should be titled "Chattanooga Shooting Supplies API for Eshop" 4. This project will
I need you to develop some software for me. I would like this software ...words we want own antivirus. It would be helpful for us if someone will offer few software as complimentary like, Ccleaner, Defragler, Error Remover, RegClean, Advance Driver Updater, Duplicate File Remover. For both windows and Mac. Please People from India should contact only.
Virtual Assistant / Website Updater 4-6/hours/month1. Monthly E-blast campaign* Upload email lists to Mail-Chimp* Format template* Schedule e-blasts 2. Website keep current* Add monthly e-blast articles to website* Enhance website - add pages and links per instructions
Por favor, Cadastre-se ou Faça Login para ver os detalhes.
Need An Antivirus With Different Types of Scanning And Features Like: [login to view URL] [login to view URL] Scanning [login to view URL] protect...Uninstaller [login to view URL] Scanning [login to view URL] Scanning [login to view URL] Scanning [login to view URL] Give Popup For Renewal In Every 3 months [login to view URL] Key Features [login to view URL] Updater<...
...security modules o smartcards o USB tokens • Store certificates and CRLs in LDAP • Enable timer services, i.e. procedures that should be run on a timely basis: o 'CRL Updater' that automatically updates the CRL. o 'Certificate Expiration Checker' that checks if a CA has certificates about to expire and sends an email notification to the end user
Need an app developed that will amended the DNS Servers of the internet connections on a users device. This should be both WIFI & 4G connections. The app should be monitoring the device so that if another wifi connection is established then the app will update that connection with the dns settings as well
I have a store on 1.3 version of Prestashop and i need to update to 1.7. There aren't updater modules for automatize it. then i need someone who can do it. I will only pay if all project done, i need a 1.7 working store. Don't worrky for template i will put a 1.7 template myself, i only need the upgrade. Thanks in advance! David


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Plants vs. Zombies 2 try to love one another right now
Love is in the air, and what better way to experience it than with a 13-day Valentine mega-event in Plants vs. Zombies 2? Chocolate covered strawberries? Jewelry? A little stuffed bear-type-thing? Forget it. What lovers young and old really need is the new Blooming Heart, a plant that catapults heart-shaped projectiles that cause increasing zombie damage with each hit.
The event—dubbed Valenbrainz—also comes with six Valentine-themed zombies, collectible Valenbrainz-themed costumes, 11 new Valentine-themed levels, and the ability to receive higher coin rewards.
But that's not all:
In addition to the Valenbrainz event, Plants vs. Zombies 2 will release the content update, Modern Day Part 2 on February 16, where Dr. Zomboss brings the combined forces of all of his armies across time with him! Go back to the beginning with new levels and new plants including the Premium Plant, Escape Root, an armed trap plant that can switch places with other plants; and when threatened, can substitute itself with an explosive plant like Potatomine or Cherry Bomb.
The Modern Day Part 2 content update also features:
- Grimrose, a plant that slinks into the shadows and appear underneath its target, and Dusk-lobber, a plant that shoots projectiles into multiple lanes.
- The return of All-Star Zombie, a zombie heavily armored thanks to his football gear who can rush down lanes at a fast pace, and Super-Fan Imp, an explosive zombie that can damage nearby plants.
- Collectible costumes.
- 16 new Modern Day Part Two-themed levels.
To participate in the love-fest, head on over to the iTunes App Store for the free download.


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Skates Pro-Shop Login / SignupPhone: 1 (855) 757-5223 My Region: USA & World Switch to Canada
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Rollerblade® created one of the fastest growing sports in the world and continues to be a leader in the inline skate market. Originally perceived as an off-season training device for hockey players, Rollerblade® pioneered the inline skating boom by transforming inline skates to a widely accepted "lifestyle" product just about anyone can use.
Regular Price: US $380.00
Special Price US $178.97
Regular Price: US $350.00
Special Price US $189.97
Regular Price: US $460.00
Special Price US $249.97


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Four unique picks from the Manhattan-based cheese caves come packed in a burlap bag with sea salt and olive oil crackers. Stinky cheese lovers will particularly appreciate the Jasper Hill Farm Greensward round: its lush gooey interior is wrapped in spruce bark and brushed in ale for a fragrant effect.
To buy: $80 for 32-ounces of cheese and shipping, murrayscheese.com.
Featured November 2014
The high-end purveyor of sustainable foods gives you the perfect occasion to indulge: three hefty Dutch wedges, including a traditional Gouda, one aged two-years, and a goat's milk version.
To buy: $69 for 24-ounces of cheese and shipping, bklynlarder.com.
Imagine a ripe cheese, mellow in flavor, that's so rich you'll want to eat it by the spoonful. Meet Zingerman Creamery's cow's milk round that tastes like a much creamier Brie from your wildest dreams. It comes with a special bamboo cheese knife to cut it neatly. Enjoy completely on its own, or topped with fresh fruit for dessert.
To buy: $27 for 4-ounces of cheese and one cheese knife, pastoralartisan.com.
A fantastic gift that celebrates American producers, this set includes marinated goat's milk feta from Missouri, fruity cheddar from Iowa, and nutty sheep's milk cheese from Wisconsin—nestled in a sturdy wooden crate. Seeded crackers and quince and apple preserves from Wisconsin round out the pack.
To buy: $70 for one gift box, pastoralartisan.com.
Look no further for cocktail party crowd-pleasers. This cow's milk trio features conversation starters like "No Woman," flavored with Jamaican jerk seasonings, and "Marco Polo," which is chock-full of cracked green peppercorns.
To buy: $36 for 16-ounces of cheese and one 5-ounce bag of crackers, beechershandmadecheese.com.
These raw, aged cow's milk blues—Oregon Blue Cheese, Smokey Blue, and American Cheese Society winner Oregonzola—are creamy without an acidic bite. Simply drizzle with honey (included), or slather on a homemade burger. It's no wonder the 80-year-old Oregon-based dairy farm is famous for its sharp cheeses.
To buy: $39 for 14.5-ounces of cheese, roguecreamery.com.
Have a hankering to try your hand at cheese making? This compact box contains everything you'll need to make eight batches, including easy-to-follow instructions, cheesecloth, rennet, citric acid, and salt.
To buy: $25 for one kit, etsy.com.
Get Daily Finds via e-mail


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Take advantage of our limited time specials below select from frequent stay rewards, Florida romantic getaway packages, discounts for extended stays and more. Newlyweds can pick from a number of Florida honeymoon packages.
Frequent Stay Program
Stay five times at our romantic beach getaway in Florida and on your sixth stay receive a free night in your favorite room!
Call (321) 722-2727 to book and redeem your free stay.
Discount Offers
- On select dates Florida residents get 10% off!
- AAA is offered at 10% off daily rates any night.
- Active Duty Military discount is 5%.
*Rates cannot be combined with any other specials, discounts or offers including Port d'Hiver gift cards. Must show proof of eligibility upon check in.
Corporate Rates
Enjoy a flat rate of $225 plus tax for any room at our comfortable Melbourne Florida Bed and Breakfast.
*Valid for Sunday through Thursday nights. Single occupancy, for double occupancy standard rates apply. Special Corporate Cancellation policy applies. Cannot be combined with any other specials, discounts, or offers including Port d'Hiver gift cards.
Extended Stays
Stay seven or more nights in the Mangrove Suite, enjoy special amenities and a discounted nightly rate! Find out more about our Cocoa Beach area weekly rental deal.
Call (321) 722-2727 to book.
*Cannot be combined with any other specials, discounts or offers and does not include holidays.
Tranquility Package
$255 plus the cost of any available room
Indulge yourself with this rejuvenation getaway carefully designed to instill a sense of pampering and wellness.
- Fresh strawberries hand dipped in rich creamy chocolate and a welcome bottle of champagne elegantly arranged in your room upon arrival
- 2 keepsake Port d'Hiver flutes
- A one hour Swedish Couples Massage, either in your room or at Imperial Spa (location subject to availability*)
* subject to availability at the time of reservation. Massage location based on availability. Imperial Spa is approximately a 10-minute drive from Port d'Hiver.
Great Expectations
$275 plus the cost of any available room
Treat your mother-to-be with a customized Babymoon Package with choice of their favorite spa therapy.
- Choose one of the following spa therapies:
- A 60 minute pre-natal Aromatherapy Massage using infant-safe organic oils and appropriate positioning to comfort both mother and child
- A soothing and moisturizing Almond Manicure & Pedicure featuring healing jojoba, rice-bran, almond, and vitamin E extracts
- An indulgent and stress relieving 60 minute Signature Facial customized to your specific skin concern
- Sparkling Cider for mommy and Florida Lager for your partner arranged in room upon arrival
- Romantic dinner for two at Djon's Steak and Lobster House ($150 credit)
- A special take home gift for baby
* subject to availability at the time of reservation. Imperial Spa is approximately a 10-minute drive from Port d'Hiver. Must be at least 16 weeks pregnant for pre-natal massage.
Ultimate Romance Package
$441.50 per night
The Moon, Sea & Me
$325 plus the cost of your room
- Breakfast, 5:00 wine and refreshments, turndown service with sweet treats each day
- Champagne on ice, 2 keepsake Port d'Hiver flutes in your upon arrival
- Watch Apollo 13, Gravity or The Martian on your flat screen tv and take the DVD home as a gift
- 2 Tickets for Kennedy Space Center
- Enjoy a romantic dinner for two at one of Melbourne Beach's finest restaurants
- Spend a moonlit evening walking on the beach or relaxing in our spa pool
Spa Add-Ons
- 60 minute couples massage at Imperial Spa $150
- 60 minute Imperial Relaxation massage at Imperial Spa $75
- 60 minute Hot Stone massage at Imperial Day Spa $94
- Signature Pedicure at Imperial Spa $69
- Signature Manicure at Imperial Spa $36
- 60 minute in-house massage $95
- 60 minute in-house couples massage $190
Gift Certificates
Give someone special an elegant gift of peace and relaxation with a stay at Port d'Hiver Bed and Breakfast, a historic Melbourne Beach Inn. Our romantic getaway in Florida sits across the street from the Atlantic Ocean, with gorgeous ocean views, private porches, a bubbling spa pool and winding brick paths through a private compound.


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Peak Resources: pilot plant can produce high purity rare earth oxides
Peak Resources (Peak; ASX: PEK;
OTCQX: PKRLY) has completed the Solvent Extraction Pilot Plant work for
its Ngualla Rare Earth Project in Tanzania with the production of the
fourth and final separated high purity rare earth oxide.
Importantly, this positions Peak as one of the few companies outside China to have practically demonstrated the entire process route from feed mineralisation to production of high purity rare earth oxide products.
The pilot marks the last step in the practical demonstration of processing of Ngualla's mineralisation to high purity separated rare earth oxide products through the three metallurgical stages of beneficiation, sulphuric acid leach recovery and solvent extraction.
Pilot Plant
The delivery of both a high purity +97% cerium oxide product and a +90% cerium oxide using a simpler process marks the conclusion of the six month Solvent Extraction Pilot Plant operation at ANSTO Minerals' test facility near Sydney.
This has demonstrated that Peak has the technology to produce high purity rare earth oxide products from the Ngualla mineralisation and provided samples for evaluation by potential offtake partners.
It has quantified operating data to accurately determine separation plant capital and operating costs.
Cerium Oxide
The fourth and final product, high purity cerium oxide, has been produced in two forms to study cost and marketing options for this lower priced product used in the catalyst and glass polishing industries.
The first form, a 97%* purity cerium oxide, was produced via classic solvent extraction techniques.
As the majority of cerium was recovered earlier in the process, only enough solution remained for batch tests rather than a continuous operation.
ANSTO Minerals is confident that a +99% purity product will be achievable in a continuous operation where full equilibrium of solutions will be established.
The second form, a +90% purity cerium oxide, was produced by direct precipitation. This simpler method of production can potentially offer cost savings as it is a single stage process and uses cheaper reagents.
A cost benefit analysis will be completed to determine the optimum method of cerium production as part of the current Pre-Feasibility Study.
However, cerium oxide represents just 8% of predicted revenue from the Ngualla project. The real drivers are the neodymium-praseodymium and mid+heavy high purity oxide products that together contribute 85% of projected annual revenue.
Independent Confirmation of High Value Product Purity
Adding to Peak's achievements, London Metal Exchange certified Laboratory Services International has independently verified the samples of the neodymium-praseodymium and mid+heavy high purity oxide products exceed 99.9% purity.
In addition, the radioactive elements of thorium and uranium could not be detected, being below the very low detection limit of 0.5 parts per million.
The completion of testwork on the 1.3 tonne bulk sample from Ngualla is a key milestone, clearly demonstrating that the company can produce the high value neodymium-praseodymium products from the project.
Notably, the key differentiator against other peers is that Peak is one of a handful of companies outside of China to have practically demonstrated the technology to produce high purity rare earth oxides from source mineralisation.
High purities also add value by allowing access to wider markets for Ngualla's products.
Cerium production from Ngualla represents just 8% of predicted
revenue. The lower priced cerium and lanthanum oxides are relative
by-products at 15% of total project revenue.
The real value drivers for Ngualla are the neodymium - praseodymium and mid + heavy high purity rare earth oxide products which together contribute 85% of projected annual revenues.
This is likely to be good timing for Ngualla as it comes on stream as high value strategic rare earths are predicted to be in high demand in coming years.
The successful operation of the Pilot Plant and detailed engineering data as a result neatly segues as input into the Pre-Feasibility Study now in progress. There are milestones ahead for Peak.
Related news
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- Bauxite Resources公司收到大量持股通知
- ASF Group的联营公司将Dawson West热煤项目的资源储量提升至6.45亿公吨
- White Cliff Minerals公司于Aucu项目发现新的矿化带
- Bauxite Resources公司非执行董事卸任
- South Boulder Mines公司董事长购买市售股份
- Carbon Energy公司筹资500万澳元以推进天然气项目


text: If renewed, we will post here. Neukom Fellows are interdisciplinary positions for recent Ph.D.s, DMAs, or MFAs whose research interests or practice cuts across traditional disciplinary boundaries, and has some computational component, whether it be a framing concept for intellectual exploration or an explicit part of the work that is pursued. The successful candidate should have a history of collaborative work across disciplines, but still show evidence of independence and initiative.


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Monday, December 18, 2006
Parts & Labor
Parts & Labor is one of the newer bands that I've been listening to a lot lately. If you're not familiar with the recent trend towards 'circuit-bending', you might have missed these guys. Basically, it's a bit lo-fi, with some really interesting use of effects and tweaked digital sound sources, mixed with the melodic awareness of Guided By Voices. Throw in an old-fashioned punk rythm section, and you have one of the most interesting and exciting bands I've heard in a while. Listen to A Great Divide and see if you can argue. Amazing.
Posted by John Suitcase at 11:12 AM No comments:
Wednesday, November 29, 2006
Konono No. 1
Konono No. 1 is a semi-traditional Bazombo trance music group, but amplified through home-made equipment, which gives the music an urgency and presence that I don't hear in most 'world music', which is often recorded in that pristine 'naturalist' manner. The thumb piano sounds amazing, almost like some sort of old Casio played through your home stereo way louder than god intended. This is almost like electronica, but without the precision. It reminds me a little of Philip Glass, if he'd been born in the 3rd world! Check out their site, and mp3s here: Konono No 1.
Posted by John Suitcase at 7:36 AM 1 comment:
Wednesday, September 20, 2006
The Ex-Models are a group (sort of) from Brooklyn, NY. They are noisy, mathy, weird and a lot of fun. They have evolved over the years, but they are consistently inventive and over-the-top. Some of my favorites are from their "Other Mathematics" release, but it's all pretty damn good. Check out Girlfriend is Worse, and their myspace page has some of their latest loopy craziness...
Posted by John Suitcase at 5:12 PM 1 comment:
Friday, June 02, 2006
If you enjoy loudish, dense, heavy music, but prefer it devoid of screaming, or other vocal embellishment, Pelican is the band for you. Their early releases bordered more on Melvins-style sludge metal, and their most recent release is somewhere in the realm of Mogwai, but they travel in between frequently. Here's an mp3 of a track from their debut ep: Mammoth.mp3 Listen to it loud, for maximum effect...
Posted by John Suitcase at 10:02 AM No comments:
Tuesday, February 07, 2006
If you're like me, you love finding a new band with an interesting take on things. Deerhoof combines wildly creative "rock" music with often hilarious lyrics and vocals that would ordinarily be found in Japanese pop music. While they can be occasionally grating, I find the twists and turns invigorating, and the melodic inventiveness is amazing. Be forewarned, if you have a low tolerance for very high-pitched singing, Deerhoof may not be for you! Check out The Great Car Tomb and Gore In Rut. Also, there are a ton of links on their site: Deerhoof.KillRockStars.com.
Posted by John Suitcase at 7:34 AM 3 comments:
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In an era of financial distrust with governmental agencies, I wanted to bring some good news to residents.
The Miami Parking Authority recently received Fitch Ratings' affirmation of the agency's "A" credit rating on its $68.7 million of outstanding series with a stable outlook.
This is a well-deserved and important recognition, one we are proud to accept from such a recognized agency. Through the years, MPA has worked relentlessly to build financial stability and a strong track record of success as a self-sustaining agency.
Fitch's affirmation and our history of achievements prove it can be done.
In fiscal year 2014, MPA parking revenues increased to approximately $28.7 million from $27.8 million in 2013, a 3.7-percent increase. Most important, we were able to accomplish this without having to pass significant rate increases on to our customers. That is, and always will be, our goal. Operating under a semi-autonomous platform allows us to think and act with that mission as our priority. It also allows us to be innovative and plan strategically.
MPA has always been engaged in its community and is constantly evaluating parking demand and predicting future parking needs, without ever losing sight of its mission: providing an affordable and convenient parking system that serves the public and promotes economic development.
Among the agency's many recent achievements are an increase in PayByPhone registrations by about 85,000 within the city of Miami; the creation of joint-venture arrangements; and customized parking programs designed to meet the parking needs of residents, businesses and visitors.
The general concept of parking is a vital component of any community's transportation infrastructure and economic stability. MPA will continue to respond to the community's constant growth, demographic trends and parking innovations, as we stay on our path to exceed demand and maintain a solid financial outlook.
Thomas Jelke, chairman,
Miami Parking Authority Board, Miami


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Tri-City Music Concert Association series presents The Quebe Sisters Feb. 20
The Quebe Sisters will appear Tuesday, February 20 in Borger as part of the Tri-City Music Concert Association series. These triple-threat fiddle champions perform Western Swing and vintage country music that harkens back to Bob Wills and the Riders in the Sky. Be prepared for close harmonies, Texas-style fiddle tunes and a cannon-ball stage presence. The concert begins at 7:30 p.m. at the Borger High School Auditorium located at 600 W. 1st St.
The Tri-City Music Concert Association has been presenting nationally acclaimed artists to Hutchinson County and the Panhandle of Texas since 1948. Individual and season tickets to the concert association are available at the door. For more information, please call (806) 274-4981 or visit www.tricityconcerts.org.


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This month I was celebrating my 1st year in sewing! I couldn't believe it, that actually took myself into my hands and ordered my 1st fabrics online last year… omg! I did it! Since then I couldn't stop! lol Sewing became something more to me than just a hobby!
It helped me realize how amazing my body is, how easily I can fill my wardrobe with clothesI absolutely love and how many things I can learn in a pretty short amount of time) If you are still thinking if you should try it, do it, right now and you will never look back!
This post is complimentary to the video, so I'll separate it into 3 parts) you might want to check Closet, it can be a little bit easier to navigate, I don't know))
I've sewn over 50 garments since April 2016,
1 is completely unsuccessful
42 are completely successful (I do not count lingerie and some other little things, they are on the blog through the whole year)
27 from those are for me
15 are for Alejandro
14 tops
8 pants
5 shirts
3 jackets
3 skirts
2 dresses
1 jumpsuit / 1 dungarees
2 bags
- woven tops/blouses
- tailored pants (non-jeans)
- shorts
- skirts
- dresses
better quality
learn Haute couture
Forget about fashion trends, what people say, just let yourself free and think of what YOU love, what makes you feel beautiful, what makes you shine! This is the way to compete PEACE in your wardrobe
Don't be afraid, learn more and experiment, listen to your heart, your intuition
if you are interested in my system, which brought me to where I am now, I wrote all about it in details in my ebook, use a discount code WARDROBEPEACE (valid until 30.04.2017 0:00), it will give you 15%)
*This post was not sponsored. All products mentioned were purchased with my own money. All opinions are 100% my own, as always!!* Read more in DISCLAIMER
Valeria Speck will use the information you provide to be in touch with you and to provide updates and marketing.


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The Just Fresh Free Sampling Event
As a soft launch to introduce the Just Fresh smoothie, sandwich and salad in addition to our existing fruit and vegetable boxes delivery services, this free sampling was a chance to network over some good entertainment and healthy meals.
Date: 16th September 2016
Venue: iSpace, Labone
An annual welcome party for expats, returnees, combined with networking with Ghanaian professionals, senior managers, and others.
There was a lot of food and drinks,…
Our quarterly music, poetry and spoken word event, bringing talents to light and creating community. A place to relax and network over good food and drinks.


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Asteraceae, the daisy, sunflower or composite family.
Plant: Course, usually much branched plant 1'-5', often hairy, with dissected leaves and many erect, elongated clusters of small green flowers. Annual.
Flowers: Green, tiny, with no apparent petals. Two types. Male (staminate) flowers in long spike-like clusters up to 6" long, Typically many per plant. Individual florets resemble downturned cups on short stems containing bunches of stamens. Female (pistillate) flowers are inconspicuous, and occur singly or in small groups in the leaf axils.
Leaves: Usually alternate, highly dissected, pinnately or bipinnately lobed, to 4" long.
Fruit: Small, seedlike.
Blooming: August-October
Habitat: Waste areas, fields, roadsides.
Ragweed is highly variable in appearance, with several
recognized varieties.
A common weed, the plant is wind-pollinated, consistent with the
inconspicuous flowers. The pollen is a primary cause of hay fever.
Given this, the genus name (ambrosia, nectar of the gods) seems a bit
The seeds are an important winter food source for some birds.
Where to find it:
Mostly along the roads and lawn boundaries.


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Colorado Springs is also home to Pikes Peak, Garden of the Gods, US Olympic Training Center, Space Foundation Headquarters and Discovery Center, US Air Force Academy, and so many more special places making it a spectacular place to call home – not just vacation. In fact, US News ranked it as the #2 "Best Places To Live."
Being on the westside of Colorado Springs puts us right at the door step of the front range. Our view of Pikes Peak is fantastic! Manitou Springs, the incline, unlimited hiking! Then there is the Ute Pass to take you up to Woodland Park, Divide and beyond. Our scheduling is based on balance of life and work.
This would be a full time position with a base salary and a percentage bonus. Please online application please respond to this ad. For direct contact of Please Dr. David or Dr. Lee. phone: 719-633-3214, or fax 719-362-4448. Thank you for your interest.


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215 members
600 members
Let's look back to our first day on the job or that very moment you received your gear after being voted into your local volunteer station or your first day at your career job. From those moments on there was always that person that's been on the job for quite a while, with years of experience that just took every new guy under their wing or anyone willing to listen. We can probably all look back and think about who our on the job mentors were or still are. They taught us about what it meant…Continue
Posted on December 14, 2017 at 2:47pm
© 2018 Created by fireeng. Powered by


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Know more about this business than we do? Cool! Please submit any corrections or missing details you may have.Help us make it right
Be the first NJ.com user to add photos or videos of Chandler Group Home
Chandler Group Home is located at 6 Chandler Ln in Voorhees and has been in the business of Group Foster Home since 1994.
Chandler Group Home is located at 6 Chandler Ln, Voorhees, NJ. This business specializes in Other Organizations and Social Services.


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How to earn money through Google
Posted by Bhavesh Joshi On Thursday, October 4, 2012 0 comments
As we know that Google is the king of Internet. Today, it is having first position (rank) and it is having everything whatever you want, you need, you can get through it. You can also make money through Google. Are you always trying to get idea on diverse WebPages – how to earn money through Google? Then, no more need to search as you are at right place. Now In this tutorial, I am going to show you – how to earn money through Google? I am showing everything in simple way as all you need is to read carefully.
In order to earn through Google, first you need to create a website or blog. If you don't want to spend fund then, you can also create free website or blog through blogger.com, wordpress.com, tumblr.com, weebly.com, webs.com etc. I also created at that places but, if you want to have your own domain name (URL) and own web hosting (where you will host your website data) then, you need to make purchase and according to my thinking – best provider is godaddy.com.
After created a website or blog, you need to increase its publicity. In order make a successful efficient website, you must need to follow SEO (Search Engine Optimization), SMM (Search Media Marketing), SMO (Search Media Optimization) rules. Your website (blog) must be good, well designed, helpful, informative, and useful. Your website (blog) must be in regular updating with contents (articles). If you will care these above things in your mind then, sure your web will get nice rank and traffic.
After successful creation of web, submit form of GoogleAdsense. What is Google Adsense?
Google Adsense is the product of Google through which publishers (website or blog owner) can earn money (revenue) through their websites as all they need to do is to show ads of Google Adsense on their websites. Whenever someone (visitor) goes-to that website through that ad then, you will get revenue. This is great way to earn highly. If you are having high traffic at your website, you can earn more. If you are having estimated one million daily traffic at your website then, you can also submit form for DoubleClick for Publishers (DFP).
What is DFP?
DoubleClick for Publishers (DFP) Small Business is a free hosted ad serving solution that helps you manage your growing online advertising business. Through this service, you can earn double with respect to Google Adsense.
In order to earn money through this method, you must take care of invalid clicks. It is strongly recommendation. Before to submit form, please must read terms in order to understand everything.
You can also represent your ads at third party websites means you can access third party websites in your account. Websites are like hubpages, bukisa etc. These websites are in high ranked and traffic therefore, when you will submit your article at that place, it will get indexed within day and with this you can show your ads. It may be possible that these websites could deduct some percent revenue whenever you will earn due to providing service, so please check terms and study carefully before to apply. It is also great way to increase your own web-site traffic and considered as great article submission websites.
In this way, you can earn money through Google a lot. I hope you will like, feel free to make (comment)…


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Green's of Glastonbury vintage cheddar 250g: Pasteurised cows' milk, salt*, starter culture, vegetarian rennet.
Caws Cenarth brie 200g: Pasteurised milk, sea salt*, vegetarian rennet, Penicillium candidum.
Caws Cenarth Golden Cenarth 200g: Milk, sea salt*, vegetarian rennet, culture, annatto.
Godminster vintage smoked Cheddar 200g: Milk, salt*, vegetarian rennet, starter culture, oak smoke.
Caws Cenarth Perl Las Blue 150g: Milk, sea salt*, vegetarian rennet, culture, Penillium roqueforti.
* = Non-organic.
Allergens in bold.
Suitable for vegetarians.
Keep it cool!
This cheese box needs to be kept chilled. Please tell us where to leave it if you're not going to be in, and we'll do the rest. A cool box in a shady spot works well.
Keep in the fridge. Best eaten at room temperature. Best before date will be after Christmas Day.
About the producers.
The cheese comes from small-scale British organic producers, who make their cheese carefully by hand using traditional methods.


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Have you ever heard about the crazy story where a man obtaining a new house through a series of exchange, and it only cost him a red paperclip? Money, is the most common currency for trade, it is also the least interesting medium that a mind can think of. Transferring value should be more exciting and satisfying. [Exchange] is taking us on an exploration to discover the different values of our gives and takes.
Check Official Exchange Website for more details.
PEGA Extra is the space for PEGA D&E to create high level design concepts to inspire and amuse. It is the combination of exploration and innovation. The exploration part is a process for designers to find inspiration by bonding with their own culture, while innovation is the quest to push designer's artistic abilities to synthesize the findings and insights from the exploration process. PEGA Extra is the result of completing these challenges and processes.
PEGA Extra not only creates products, but thoughtful objects that enable new interactions and opportunities for using technology in ways that are meaningful and relevant from cultural and historic perspectives. We are proud to show what we're capable of and where we come from. This is our challenge to walk into the future. This is PEGA Extra.


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- Ski
- Snowboard
- Clothing
- Eyewear
- Luggage
- Protection & Safety
- Extras
- Brands
- Clearance
- About us
- Physio Clinic
- Ski
- Snowboard
- Clothing
- Eyewear
- Luggage
- Protection & Safety
- Extras
- Brands
- Clearance
- About us
- Physio Clinic
Welcome to the Snowfit/Revolutionz
Ski Review of 2017/2018 Season Skis
Having attended the Snowsports Industry of Great Britain, on snow, Ski Test in Pila back in 2003 we felt that the experience, particularly the opportunity to test similar skis one after the other in the same/virtually the same snow conditions was invaluable in helping us choose which skis to stock.
Fifteen winters on and with almost 400 skis personally skied by me, let alone the full Snowfit Test Team (recently numbering 6 -10 skiers on each SIGB test) we have certainly not changed our minds.
We feel we now have an exceptional wealth of knowledge and first-hand skiing experience that enables us to provide extremely relevant info to anyone looking at purchasing new skis for this coming winter. We also run two, week long "customer tests" each March to get a non-shop viewpoint on the coming season's skis and Snowboards, enabling us to work from a wide base of views.
On the back of all that testing, we summarise below a few key pointers that we think will give our customers the info they need to get that purchase right.
Whatever you choose, enjoy your Skiing and have a great season
Best wishes
John and Team
No Brand makes bad skis, it's just some will suit your skiing better than others
The on piste performance of today's All Mountain Skis is within a whisker as good as all but the very best specialist piste skis
With the odd exception, even skis with waist widths of up to 115 perform well enough on piste for you to "ski around with the family" in the confines of the resort and still have fun.
Experience has shown that whilst many of us dream about skiing day after day of fresh powder, it seldom materialises, particularly in Europe. Settling for skis with waist widths between say 84mm and 100mm therefore makes a lot of sense. These will be narrow enough to be agile, yet, even at the lower end of the range have enough float for the occasional off-piste excursion and rather more than that as you get waist widths in the high 90's. Overall they are just good at everything and are guaranteed to simply make you smile.
Remember, the most expensive skis won't necessarily make your skiing better; they can demand more than your skiing can actually give and end up make it worse/less fun.
If you are lucky enough to encounter an organised Ski Test whilst you are away skiing then do try to make the most of the kit that's on hand. You're probably best to treat "single brand on snow tests" as a useful bit of fun, as in an ideal world you really need to be able to ski different brands one after other to get a real comparison before you commit. However, failing that, there really is no substitute for talking with someone who has actually skied both the skis you already have (or have recently skied) and the ones you are contemplating buying.
That said, we feel there are some great "category skis" that deserve a special mention so here are our picks:-
Piste - Men
Head Supershape(s), Fischer Progressor F17 and Curv(s), Volkl RTM 76 Elite and the slightly wider RTM 81, Dynastar Speed Zone 12 and their slightly less demanding Speed Zone 10, Nordica Navigator 80
Piste – Women
Blizzard Alight 7.2 and Black Pearl 78, Head Pure Joy, Nordica Astral 78, Volkl Flair 74 and 78
All Mountain (Mainly Piste) - Men
Black Crows Orb, Blizzard Brahma, Dynastar Legend 88, Fischer Pro Mtn 80/86 and Ranger 90 Ti, Head Power Instinct and Kore 93, Nordica Navigator 85/90, Nordica Enforcer 93, Rossignol Experience 88, Scott The Ski, Scott Slight 93, Volkl Kanjo
All Mountain (Mainly Piste) – Women
Dynastar Legend W84, Head Absolut Joy and Total Joy, K2 Thrilluvit, Salomon Astra, Scott The Ski, Volkl Kenja
All Mountain (Mainly Off-Piste) - Men
Armada Tracer 98 and Tracer 108, Black Crows Daemon and Camox, Blizzard Rustler 10 , Dynastar Legend X96, Fischer Ranger 98 Ti, Movement Icon 95 , Nordica Enforcer 100, Head Kore 105, K2 Pinnacle 95, Rossignol Sky 7, Scott Slight 100, Volkl 90Eight and Mantra
All Mountain (Mainly Off-Piste) – Women
Black Crows Daemon Birdie, Dynastar Legend W96, Head Wild Joy, Line Pandora 95, Nordica Santa Ana 93, Salomon QST Lux 92, Volkl Aura
Freeride/Powder - Men
Armada Tracer 108 and 118, Black Crows Atris, Anima and Nocta, Blizzard Spur, Head Kore 117, Rossignol Soul 7, Head Kore 105, Line Sir Francis Bacon, Pescado and Sick Day 105, Scott Scrapper 115, Volkl BMT 109 and Confession
Freeride/Powder – Women
Armada Trace 96, Dynastar W96, Fischer Ranger W98, Nordica Santa Ana 100
Freestyle - Men
K2 Poacher, Line Honey Badger and Tom Wallisch
Freestyle – Women
Armada ARW 86, K2 Missconduct
Backcountry Freestyle
Armada ARV 106, ARV 96, Line Blend, Nordica Soul Rider 97, Scott Punisher 95, Scott Scrapper 115
Black Crows Orb Freebird, Navis Freebird and Anima Freebird, Blizzard Zero G 95 and Zero G 108, Head Kore 93, K2 Talkback, Scott Superguide 88W, Superguide 95 and Superguide 105, Volkl BMT 109, Volkl VTA 98,
Black Crows Orb and Navis, Blizzard Brahma, Rustler 10 and Zero G 95, Dynastar Legend X88, Legend X96, Fischer Ranger 90Ti and Pro Mtn 95, Head Kore 93 and Kore 105, K2 Pinnacle 95, Line Sick Day 104, Movement Icon 95, Rossignol Experience 88 and Sky 7, Scott The Ski, Slight 93, Slight 100, Superguide95 and Superguide 105, Volkl Kanjo, Mantra and V-Werks BMT's
Fischer RC4 Series, Head WC Rebels Series
Whatever you choose, enjoy your Skiing and have a great season
Best wishes
John and Team


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Florida legislators meant well in passing a law meant to halt rampant online gambling by banning Internet cafes, but a poor choice of words may have inadvertently outlawed computers, smartphones and any other device that can access the Internet.
According to a lawsuit detailed online by CNN, Consuelo Zapata, owner of a Homstead Internet café recently shuttered by the new law, claims the wording of House Bill 155 is so over-encompassing that it could be understood as a ban on any device that connects to the Internet. While their public response was somewhat vague, one could argue that Zapata's legal team shares their client's sentiment.
"There are unintended consequences of hastily passed legislation in the wake of a scandal," Zapata's attorney said in a statement.
In effect, the law closes a loophole that allowed gambling centers to operate as Internet cafes and "adult arcades." The new law bans devices that players can insert money or cards into to use for betting purposes and expands upon Florida's definition of a "slot machine" as "any machine or device or system or network of devices" on which games of chance or skill can be played by not only inserting money, but also an "account number, code, or other object or information."
The wrinkle, according to legal professionals, is that any device able to access the Internet can, in theory, be used to play illegal games online.
"The possibilities of going on the Internet and using your phone generally turns every single smartphone, computer, whatever, into an illegal slot machine," Zapata's attorney said. In giving an example, the attorney referenced a recent Budweiser ad campaign in which contestants can enter a code from a case of beer into a smartphone to see if they're a winner, saying, "Clearly you have a device which is activated by input of a code that indirectly, by any element of chance, entitles you to a payout."
The crackdown on gambling in Internet cafes throughout Florida came after a multi-year investigation into gambling cafes disguised as charitable organizations. Florida lawmakers scrambled to pass the law during the spring legislative session following statewide law enforcement raids of "storefront casinos" that, according to officials, allowed their patrons to partake in illegally operated computer games that were "akin to slot machines." In addition to 57 arrests, Florida Lt. Governor Jennifer Carroll resigned her position once it came to light that she had done consulting work for a group at the center of the investigation.


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No single piece of US Federal legislation has rejiggered the playing field for the life insurance industry more than the Deficit Reduction Act of 1984 or DEFRA as it is more commonly referred. It is because of DEFRA that some have decided that it's okay to refer to selling life insurance as setting up a 7702 Private Plan, and it's also because of DEFRA that we have certain design challenges that face us when it comes to cash value life insurance.
DEFRA is also one of the reasons we can point to as evidence that cash value life insurance from a tax preferred wealth accumulation strategy works. In fact, it works so well the federal government felt compelled to act on placing limitations on ones ability to place money into the contracts.
During the 1970's and 1980's the US Economy experienced a pretty sharp rise in inflation, and a pretty sharp corresponding rise in interest rates. The insurance industries products, well respected for their ability to safely accumulate wealth, had a tough time keeping up with other fixed asset yields and quickly caught loads of criticism. The industry had to act.
Already playing with alternative ideas to revamp a product that had existed for well over 100 years at the time, the industry opened up to a new idea and a new product that removed some of the foundational guarantees upon which whole life insurance is built, but these concessions (the guarantees) came with the ability to earn markedly higher yields.
It doesn't seem special now, but when universal life insurance first appeared on the scene it was quite innovative and perhaps a little controversial (at least to the diehards). You see, prior to universal life insurance, all contracts had fixed premiums and cash surrenders were largely unavailable—if you wanted cash, a policy loan was the only option.
Universal life insurance changed all of that. It introduced a premium that was adjustable, and the option to surrender cash from the policy. The second feature wasn't nearly as groundbreaking (and trouble making) as the first.
Up to this point, life insurance enjoyed substantial preferential tax treatment. But, because premiums were fixed, the policy owner had to make a somewhat sizeable commitment to get these benefits. No the case with universal life insurance.
In fact, the quirky features universal life insurance brought to the table caused some to question whether we should regard universal life insurance as life insurance at all. Due to ones ability to buy a small death benefit policy and then dump a limitless amount of cash into it and reap the benefits of its status as a life insurance contract, there was an obvious worry, and desire to stop a potentially strong and incredibly easily exploited tax loophole.
So, the IRS and friends had a tough question to answer. Were universal life insurance contracts really life insurance contracts, or something else?
For all its criticisms, the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 (TEFRA) did answer the looming "is it life insurance" question. And the answer was yes. The industry breathed a collective sigh of relief, but unbeknownst to it, only had two years to make it rain.
As time marched on, Congress revisited the "is it life insurance" question, and decided to come down hard on this once great tax shelter. Upon passage of DEFRA in the summer of 1984, the industry was now faced with an ugly limit imposed on its products with which it had never before had to deal.
The new answer wasn't no, but rather maybe.
DEFRA brought about a new test that would answer the question. Meaning that some contracts would qualify as life insurance and others would not. The tests sought to limit either cash in the policy relative to the pure amount of life insurance, or the premiums entering the life insurance contract relative to the pure amount of life insurance.
The Cash Value Accumulation Test qualifies a contract as a life insurance contract by establishing the minimum amount of death benefit that can exist within a contract relative to its cash surrender value.
For those who are really interested in the exacts, the limitation is: at no time can the cash value in the policy be larger than the net single premium needed for the net amount at risk. There's some technical insurance jargon in there, so let's back up and do it again with plain English.
For those of you who have read the second Modified Endowment Contract article, you know that the net single premium is simply the sum of the expected value of the death benefit (i.e. the death benefit times the probability of death) times an investment return assumption for all years of the contract.
The net amount at risk is simply the different between the death benefit and the cash surrender value. It's the actual amount of money the insurance company has to come up with if you die to pay your beneficiaries the death benefit.
So, cash can never exceed the net single premium that would guarantee the net amount at risk. And also note, there's that word "net" again. Meaning no contingency for expense loading.
Note, because the net single premium is heavily dependent on time, the net single premium will increase exponentially, as we get closer to the maturity date. There are two reasons for this:
The Guideline Premium Test seeks to place a limit on the amount of premium that can go into a contract and it also places a limit on the amount of cash that can be in a contract. The premium limitations is based on the death benefit of the contract and there are two premiums calculated for this test:
Note: these premiums are not based on the Net Single Premium. Instead they are calculated as follows:
The Guideline Single Premium is the single premium needed to fund all benefits of the contract up to the insured's age 95 assuming the higher of 6% annual interest or the contract's guaranteed interest rate.
The Guideline Annual (or level) Premium is the level premium needed every year to fund the contracts benefits to the insured's age 95 assuming a the higher of 4% interest per year or the contracts guaranteed interest rate. This amount is cumulative, meaning if the insured/owner chooses not to place the entire guideline annual premium into the contract in one year, he or she does not forfeit the ability to place the rest of the premium into the contract in a later year as it can be added to the maximum in subsequent years. However, the insured/owner cannot place more premium than the guideline single premium into the contract in any given year, even if the guideline annual premium shortage has added up to a larger number than the guideline single premium.
There's a subtle but important difference here, the word "net" is missing from premium. The guideline premium test allows a contingency for expense loading.
Step Two
The guideline premium test is a two-step test. In addition to a premium restriction, the guideline premium test also imposes a restriction on the amount of cash that can be in the contract relative to the death benefit. The restriction is a ratio of death benefit to cash surrender value that decreases as the insured ages.
The "gap" that must be maintained between the death benefit and the cash surrender value is typically smaller under the guideline premium test than it is under the cash value accumulation test, and because the guideline premium test tends to only be concerned with time to the insured's age 95, the death benefit and the cash surrender value can equal one another after the insured's attained age 95 (in fact the ratio is 115% from attained age 65 and 105% from attained age 70).
The first and most notable casualty of DEFRA and these tests was the long revered endowment contract. Under DEFRA guidelines, endowment contracts violated the cash value accumulation test immediately, and as such were scrapped (but not before making some insurance agents wealthy people by partaking in the largest fire sale the industry has seen within the United States).
If a contract fails to remain within the constraints of the 7702 tests, than it loses its status as a life insurance contract and is reclassified as an investment. Once this has happened, the contract no longer enjoys tax-deferred accumulation of cash value (there is a tax due immediately on earnings and one due every year on gain from the policy).
And the way in which gain is calculated under a 7702 test failure is quite nasty. The actual realization is income from the contract, and as such taxed at income tax rates. But there's another gotcha buried in this regulation. Cost of insurance provided by the insurance company is also recognized as taxable income (i.e. the cost of providing the death benefit is now a taxable benefit that you receive as a benefit under your newly classified "investment").
There's also a look back on withdrawals for two years prior to test failure, and if withdrawals were made, they are considered withdrawals to avoid failure and those values are added back into the policy to calculate income realized and taxes due.
It's probably worth noting that due to the largely unattractive features of a failed contract, insurance companies rarely issue these contracts if the fail the test at issue. The only exception to this that I'm aware of is Gerber Life as their College Plan is a bona-fide endowment contract and will violate the cash value accumulation test from issue.
The answer to this question depends on the type of life insurance. For whole life insurance, the current answer is no, all whole life contracts are issued using the cash value accumulation test. The primary reason behind this is the fact that the cash value accumulation test was designed for participating whole life.
At issue is the use of dividends to purchase paid-up additions. The exact explanation behind this requires some detail that is an article all in itself, but the cliff notes version simple is: the death benefit that is associated with a paid-up addition is the cash value accumulation test minimum. The guideline premium test would theoretically most likely cause a higher required death benefit on paid-up additions, and this is already a source of concern for insurers from the stand point of avoiding too much of a guaranteed increasing death benefit through paid-up additions.
Universal Life contracts can generally accommodate both tests and the agent has the ability to choose under which test he or she wishes to qualify the contract as life insurance. This being said, the vast majority of universal life contracts use the guideline premium test to qualify as life insurance as this test was designed to accommodate universal life insurance (as CVAT was designed to accommodate whole life insurance). Once a test is chosen and the contract issued, it cannot be changed.
Just like testing for modified endowment contract failures, insurers constantly monitor issued contracted for compliance with DEFRA parameters. If a violation occurs the insured/owner has the ability to remove money from the contract, but removal for DEFRA testing compliance is a little different than removal for TAMRA (MEC) compliance.
Removals that take place to remain DEFRA compliant are commonly referred to as force-outs. And after policy year 15, this doesn't typically pose much of a problem. However, as a measure to prevent large death benefit to accommodate an initial dump in and then an subsequent reduction of death benefit to cut down on insurance costs, the 15 year force-out rule was implemented. This rule states that any removal of money to avoid DEFRA test failure within the first 15 policy years, must be made on a last-in last-out (LIFO) basis rather than a first-in first-out (FIFO) basis (FIFO is how distributions typically take place from a life insurance contract).
The net effect of this to the insured/owner is a taxable distribution from the contract because any gain must be removed before basis comes out under the force-out rule. Keep in mind this only applies to the first 15 policy years. After that, any withdrawal or force-out to avoid DEFRA violation can be made FIFO.
Brandon launched the Insurance Pro Blog in July of 2011 as a project to de-mystify the life insurance industry. Brandon was born in Northern New England, and he currently calls VT home. He attended Syracuse University and graduated with a triple major in Economics, Public Administration, and Political Science.
Whole Life Insurance has a Strong Risk Adjusted Return – Historical Evidence
Myth: Indexed Universal Life Insurance has Stock Market Exposure – Case Study
Five Reasons Whole Life Insurance is Better than a 529 Plan
The Power of Whole Life Insurance in a Down Market