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I'm just a few weeks into my position of Research Associate at mySociety and one of the things I'm really enjoying is the really, really interesting datasets I get to play with.
Take FixMyStreet, the site that allows you to report street issues anywhere in the UK. Councils themselves will only hold data for the issues reported within their own boundaries, but FixMyStreet covers all local authorities, so we've ended up with probably the most comprehensive database in the country. We have 20,000 reports about dog poop alone.
Now if you're me, what to do with all that data? Obviously, you'd want to do something with the dog poop data. But you'd try something a bit more worthy first: that way people won't ask too many questions about your fascination there. Misdirection.
How does it compare?
So, starting with worthy uses for that massive pile of data, I've tried to see how the number of reports in an area compares against other statistics we know about the UK. Grouping reports into ONS-defined areas of around 1,500 people, we can match the number of reports within an area each year against other datasets.
To start with I'm just looking at English data (Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have slightly different sets of official statistics that can't be combined) for the years 2011-2015. I used population density information, how many companies registered in the area, if there's a railway station, OFCOM stats on broadband and mobile-internet speeds, and components from the indices of multiple deprivation (various measures of how 'deprived' an area is, such as poor health, poor education prospects, poor air quality, etc) to try and build a model that predicts how many reports an area will get.
The good news: statistically we can definitely say that some of those things have an effect! Some measures of deprivation make reports go up, others make it go down. Broadband and mobile access makes them go up! Population density and health deprivation makes them go down.
The bad news: my model only explains 10% of the actual reports we received, and most of this isn't explained by the social factors above but aspects of the platform itself. Just telling the model that the platform has got more successful over time, which councils use FixMyStreet for Councils for their official reporting platform (and so gather more reports) and where our most active users are (who submit a disproportionate amount of the total reports) accounts for 7-8% of what the model explains.
What that means is that most reasons people are and aren't making reports is unexplained by those factors. So for the moment this model is useful for building a theory, but is far from a comprehensive account of why people report problems.
Here's my rough model for understanding what drives areas to submit a significantly higher number of reports to FixMyStreet:
- An area must have a problem
Measures of deprivation like the 'wider barriers to housing deprivation' metric (this includes indicators on overcrowding and homelessness) as well as crime are associated with an increase in the number of reports. The more problems there are, the more likely a report is — so deprivation indicators we'd imagine would go alongside other problems are a good proxy for this.
- A citizen must be willing or able to report the problem
Areas with worse levels of health deprivation and adult skills deprivation are correlated with lower levels of reports. These indicators might suggest citizens less able to engage with official structures, hence fewer reports in these areas.
People also need to be aware of a problem. The number of companies in an area, or the presence of a railway station both increase the number of reports. I use these as a proxy for foot-traffic – where more people might encounter a problem and report it.
Population density is correlated with decreased reports which might suggest a "someone else's problem" effect – a slightly decreased willingness to report in built-up areas where you think someone else might well make a report.
- A citizen must be able to use the website
As an online platform, FixMyStreet requires people to have access to the website before they can make a report. The less friction in this experience makes it more likely a report will be made.
This is consistent with the fact that an increased number of slow and fast home broadband connections (and fast more than slow ones) increases reports. This is also consistent with the fact that increased 3G signal in premises is correlated with increased requests.
Reporting problems on mobile will sometimes be easier than turning on the computer, and we'd expect areas where people more habitually use mobiles for internet access to have a higher number of reports than broadband access alone would suggest. If it's slightly easier, we'd expect slightly more – which is what this weak correlation suggests.
Other factors
Not all variables my model includes are significant or fit neatly into this model. These are likely working as proxy indicators for currently unaccounted for, but related factors.
I struggle, for instance, to come up with a good theory why measures of education deprivation for young people are associated with an increase in reports. I looked to see if there was a connection between an area having a school and having more reports on the basis of foot-traffic and parents feeling protective over an area – but I didn't find an effect for schools like I did for registered companies.
So at the moment, these results are a mix of "a-hah, that makes sense" and "hmm, that doesn't". But given that we started with a dataset of people reporting dog poop, that's not a terrible ratio at this point. Expanding the analysis into Scotland and Wales, analysing larger areas, or focusing on specific categories of reports might produce models that explain a bit more about what's going on when people report what's going wrong.
I'll let you know how that goes.
This year, Bristol Council did something unusual and admirable. As far as we're aware, they're the first UK council to have taken such a step.
Working with mySociety on custom Open311 'middleware' while adopting FixMyStreet as their fault-reporting system, they now enjoy full flexibility, no matter what the future holds.
Thanks to this open approach, Bristol will extract more value from their existing systems and lower operating costs. With integrated, open solutions, and the raised quality of report formatting that Open311 brings, everyone will benefit.
Improving flexibility
Councils are increasingly understanding the value of flexibility when it comes to service providers.
Contracts that lock them into a single provider for many years mean that, often, there's no opportunity to benefit when technology advances, and disproportionate costs can be charged for implementing the slightest changes.
This desire for flexibility was a strong factor in Bristol City Council's decision to adopt FixMyStreet for Councils — and that opened the door for a conversation about Open311.
We've always advocated integration via Open311, to the extent that we offer free hook-up with FixMyStreet to any councils who support it.
Because Open311 is an open standard, it supports the entire landscape of providers like FixMyStreet. Right now, Bristol can accept street fault reports not just from us, but from a full range of services — in other words, any site or app that cares to connect with them can do so. No-one knows what the future will hold: if a game-changing system emerges in the future, it makes sense that you'd be able to accept its reports.
All well and good: but when Bristol City Council implemented FixMyStreet as their fault-reporting system, the concept was taken a little bit further. With our collaboration, Bristol created their own Open311 'middleware', sitting between the two systems and talking to both.
Via this method, their existing CMS, Confirm, can hook up to reports coming through from FixMyStreet. That all works smoothly — but, just as importantly, if Bristol ever decide to replace their CRM provider, they'll be able to do so with no knock-on effect to FixMyStreet reports. And if they ever decide to replace FixMyStreet with a different provider, or indeed to accept reports from a range of providers, they can do that too.
Bristol found us via the GCloud procurement system, and are the first metropolitan unitary authority to install FixMyStreet.
Future plans
Bristol launched its FixMyStreet service to the public in the summer of 2016.
This autumn, they added asset-based reporting, meaning that known council properties such as streetlights, grit bins and gullies are all marked on FixMyStreet's maps. Residents can pinpoint and report the location of faults with these assets far more accurately as a result.
There'll be a phased rollout across departments, starting with Highways and moving across departments as Bristol extend their own middleware. We'll be watching with great interest.
Find out more about FixMyStreet for Councils.
Image: Adam Heath (CC by-sa/2.0)
When we talk to the users of our sites, sometimes there's no remarkable tale to tell — just a day-to-day story of how someone is making a small but persistent positive change in their community.
Every month, around 7,500 people use FixMyStreet to help improve their neighbourhoods: getting potholes fixed, making dangerous pavements safer, or — as in the case of Van Tri Nguyen from Norbury, requesting the removal of unsightly rubbish and fly-tipping.
As Mr Nguyen told us, he first heard about FixMyStreet at a local association meeting.
"In front of my house there is a big park. It's frequented by a lot of people, and particularly at night a lot of things happen there — and mountains of litter are left behind.
"Rubbish accumulates, not inside the park but on the road in front of it — just opposite my house! People just dump stuff from their car windows. There are three lime trees which I often find decorated around their base with rubbish, on average once a fortnight, but sometimes as many as three or four times a week.
"Once fly-tippers came and left an entire truckload of stuff. This road really is just a dumping ground, and while Croydon Council are aware of the problem, no-one has been brave enough to take a grip and get it sorted out.
"I reported the eyesore, both on FixMyStreet and to Croydon Council. I believe that when reports are published online, the council may feel some kind of pressure and ashamed.
"The results have been good. Right now, the road is reasonably clean."
We're sure that Mr Nguyen will continue to be the good citizen who takes action and reports rubbish as it reoccurs. He's telling others, too:
"I've already spread the word to people who seem to care about the environment where they live."
Some before shots
And after
All images: Van Tri Nguyen
Work for a council? Tell us what you need
We're making some pretty big improvements to the FixMyStreet for Councils service at the moment: improvements that will save councils both time and money, while giving them flexibility and insights into their fault report handling.
This has been our core focus over the last six months, working with our customers to design a new category of case management system, for local government, and by local government.
We've been working together with local authority insiders because they're the people who know best what they require from a piece of software they will use every day. If you also fall into that category, we'd love to hear from you.
We'll be sharing early iterations of the improved service as we make progress. Your feedback will be part of that process, helping shape a service that does everything you need it to do.
As we add these new case management features, we've set three core principles:
- To lower the operating cost of highways, parks and streets management by improving the user experience for all involved, from residents to council staff
- To change the relationship between local government and providers like Skanska, Veolia et al from direct management and instruction, to one of monitoring and oversight
- To treat the asset management system as a data repository for asset information, not a case, customer or works management solution
If you are from a local council and you would like to find out more, or you would like to provide feedback on early prototypes, help with user testing and become a part of our development process, we would love to hear from you.
Those who want to find out more about obtaining FixMyStreet for Councils can do so by checking out our page on the Digital Marketplace.
Image: Highways Agency (CC by 2.0)
FixMyStreet has been around for nearly nine years, letting people report things and optionally include a photo; the upshot of which is we currently have a 143GB collection of photographs of potholes, graffiti, dog poo, and much more. 🙂
For almost all that time, attaching a photo has been through HTML's standard file input form; it works, but that's about all you can say for it – it's quite ugly and unfriendly.
We have always wanted to improve this situation – we have a ticket in our ticketing system, Display thumbnail of photo before submitting it, that says it dates from 2012, and it was probably in our previous system even before that – but it never quite made it above other priorities, or when it was looked at, browser support just made it too tricky to consider.
Here's a short animation of FixMyStreet's new photo upload, which also allows you to upload multiple photos:
For the user, the only difference from the current interface is that the photo field has been moved higher up the form, so that photos can be uploading while you are filling out the rest of the form.
Personally, I think this benefit is the largest one, above the ability to add multiple photos at once, or the preview function. Some of our users are on slow connections – looking at the logs I see some uploads taking nearly a minute – so being able to put that process into the background hopefully speeds up the submission and makes the whole thing much nicer to use.
Progressive enhancement
When creating a new report, it can sometimes happen that you fill in the form, include a photo, and submit, only for the server to reject your report for some reason not caught client-side. When that happens, the form needs to be shown again, with everything the user has already entered prefilled.
There are various reasons why this might happen; perhaps your browser doesn't support the HTML5 required attribute (thanks Safari, though actually we do work around that); perhaps you've provided an incorrect password.
However, browsers don't remember file inputs, and as we've seen, photo upload can take some time. From FixMyStreet's beginnings, we recognised that re-uploading is a pain, so we've always had a mechanism whereby an uploaded photo would be stored server side, even if the form had errors, and only an ID for the photo was passed back to the browser so that the user could hopefully resubmit much more quickly.
This also helped with reports coming in from external sources like mobile phone apps or Flickr, which might come with a photo already attached but still need other information, such as location.
Back in 2011, I wrote about how FixMyStreet maps are progressively enhanced, starting with a base of HTML image maps and layering on the normal slippy map experience on top. This has always been the way I have worked, and adding a snazzy JavaScript photo upload was no different.
mySociety designer Zarino used dropzonejs to supply the "pop"™, and this works in a nicely easy-to-progressively-enhance way, hiding existing file input(s) and providing fallbacks. And with the behaviour the site has had since 2007, adding the server side element of this new photo upload was actually very straightforward – receive a photo and return its ID for a snippet of JavaScript to insert into the hidden form field of photo ID that has always been there in case of form error. No need to worry about how to match up the out-of-band photos with the main form submission, it's all already taken care of. If the JavaScript doesn't or can't work for whatever reason, the old behaviour is still there, using the same mechanisms.
Of course there were edge cases and things to tidy up along the way, but if the form hadn't taken into account the user experience of error edge cases from the start, or worse, had assumed all client checks were enough, then nine years down the line my job would have been a lot harder.
Anyway, long story short, adding photos to your FixMyStreet reports is now a smoother process, and you should try it out.
Who needs a calendar? If we want to see the seasons passing, we just check what's being reported on FixMyStreet.
In these dark winter days, issues like broken streetlights become a lot more of a concern. There's an increase in potholes, as frost damage plays its part. And our users are quick to let councils know if road-gritting has been inadequate on icy days.
It's enough to make us nostalgic for spring and summer's reports of overgrown footpaths, smelly bins, and barbecues left smouldering in parks.
Over the last year, across the seasons, you've sent more than 160,000 FixMyStreet reports to councils across the UK. October was responsible for more than 12,000 of them — a 20% rise on the same month last year.
We hope those numbers will keep rising — after all, each of them is potentially a problem solved. So, if you've spotted the beginnings of a pothole, or a streetlight that needs mending, don't forget to let your council know, on FixMyStreet.
Image: Phil Holker (CC)


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Chasing Churchill: In Search of My Grandfather
Empty TWITTER
EmptyAirdate: 10-11 p.m. Monday, July 21 (KCET Los Angeles)
The first of three episodes, "Wanted Dead or Alive," kicks off Celia Sandys' three-part portrait of her grandfather, Winston Churchill, a slow-moving, affectionate travelogue based on her experience and writings. It is shot beautifully and enhanced by occasionally interesting interviews with the descendants of men Churchill met in his youth.
But the excitement quotient is kept slumbering as the meandering footage does little more than move casually from moments of great beauty and genuine historical interest to yawning bits of mundane filler. If the idea is to capture the thrills of Churchill's youth, it's way too laid back.
Despite her intimate knowledge of Churchill, Sandys ranks below average as a raconteur and has that kind of upper-class British yen for the good old days of Empire that smacks unintentionally of Monty Python.
The voyage begins with some brief background, the great man's life at Sandhurst military academy, and then on to New York where Sandys meets with Rudy Giuliani and makes the point in no uncertain terms that she and Rudy consider Rudy to be a latter-day Churchill.
After the Big Apple, it's on to Cuba and recollections of the Cuban revolution against the Spanish and Havana cigars, as well as South Africa, where the Boers were murderously at war.
The two subsequent episodes will air on successive Mondays: "The Other Country" deals with Churchill's love affair with the U.S. "Worth Doing Once" takes viewers to Morocco and the south of France.
Production: CSI Sports Trading. Presented by: Celia Sandys; Producer: Stewart Binns; Director-editor: Stephen Moore Composer: Chris Elliott; Graphic designer: Kim Teddy; Film restoration by Dana O'Reilly.

subset: commoncrawl


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I noticed a Beta Center. What is it exactly and how does it work?
Tony from London
I noticed a Beta Center. What is it exactly and how does it work?
Tony from London
Whoever says World Music Day says singing time! Originating in France as the Fête de la Musique, the outdoor music festival was a way for the French to ring in the summer months. Since its creation 35 years ago, this summer music festival is held in more than 750 cities in 120 countries.
It's the perfect occasion to rock it with the best of them in the streets and… sing!
June 18th is Father's Day and the perfect occasion to spend some time with the family in honor of papa. Whether your dad is overprotective, wrapped around your finger or your personal guidance guru, your dad is the coolest guy you know and it's time to show him!
Originating in the US and taking place every 8th of June, Best Friends Day is the perfect opportunity for a ceremonial hug and a little token of appreciation for your sister (or brother) from another mother!
But before you go engraving your bestie's name on a BFF charm, why not show your appreciation in a song? Nothing better than a little one-on-one singing time!


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Thursday, February 6, 2014
February Goals!
4 comments:
All of these sound awesome!!! I don't have quite as many items on my list for February, but baby steps right??? I'm loving that you're getting into photography! My photog heart aches that Mother Nature has been such a biatch and is preventing me from getting outdoors and taking pictures. Hopefully she will get her act together soon haha!ReplyDelete
Ugh... taxes. Don't remind me. I gotta get this done stat!!!ReplyDelete
Loved reading this post! Congrats on your 5 years--and your goals looked just like mine :) This is the first year I have done detailed goals in a long time. In fact, I started a goals blogging group, and we all blog the last Friday of every month and include a linky (and have a group Pinterest board.) If you want to join, just ask here: https://www.facebook.com/groups/571727542881419/ Coming by from #SITSBlogging.ReplyDelete
Love those cupcakes! And congrats on 5 years. Today is me and the hubs anniversary, but Snowmageddon swooped in and stranded him in another city, so we get to spend our anniversary and Valentine's Day apart. Yay! But on the plus side, our two year old got to experience snow for the first time.ReplyDelete
I love your goals for January and February. Spin class has always seemed like so much fun. Perhaps this year I'll finally get to try it myself. Here's to both of us keeping our goals!
Thank you so much for stopping by - I love reading everyone's comments & thoughts & meeting new friends!! If you ever have any questions, comments or concerns, e-mail me directly at firstname.lastname@example.com Thanks again for stopping by!


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"McGee's experience with the U.S. Coast Guard, including Hull Division Chief at the Marine Safety Center and former Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, is a valuable asset we look forward to having on our team," said Charles Robertson, CEO and President
Salisbury, MD (PRWEB) December 11, 2015
Chesapeake Shipbuilding Corp. announced today that Steven McGee, P.E. has joined the senior executive team as Director of Design and Engineering at Chesapeake Shipbuilding.
With more than 20 years of engineering and maritime experience, McGee will oversee vessel design from preliminary conceptual design to complete Coast Guard and regulatory approvals. Chesapeake Shipbuilding currently has on staff 5 naval architects and 2 engineers.
"McGee's experience in various positions with the U.S. Coast Guard, including Hull Division Chief at the Marine Safety Center and former Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, is a valuable asset we look forward to having on our team," said Charles A. Robertson, President and CEO. "His rock solid reputation in the maritime industry will be critical for the retention and expansion of our customer base."
McGee holds a bachelor's degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the U.S. Coast Guard Academy and a master's of science in both naval architecture and marine engineering as well as aerospace engineering from the University of Michigan.
About Chesapeake Shipbuilding
Chesapeake Shipbuilding designs and builds steel and aluminum commercial vessels primarily between 100 and 400 feet. The yard has upgraded its production capacity significantly in recent years, by acquiring additional land, building two new hull fabrication buildings and investing in additional automated equipment.
Chesapeake Shipbuilding is a leading designer and builder of commercial vessels in the United States. Chesapeake Shipbuilding designs and builds both inland and ocean going vessels between 100 and 400 feet that operate worldwide. With over 35 years of experience and specialization in the design and construction of passenger vessels, tugboats, ferry boats, etc., Chesapeake Shipbuilding is positioned as an unrivaled expert in the field. Chesapeake Shipbuilding currently has 8 vessels under construction.
Chesapeake Shipbuilding's construction yard is located on 14 acres of level land, with more than 2400 ft. of deepwater bulkhead, along the protected waters of Maryland's Wicomico River. Chesapeake Shipbuilding has 2 outfitting basins, 3 level construction/side launch systems, plus a ground transfer system and 4 large hull fabrication buildings in addition to various shop buildings. With Maryland's mild weather, a skilled workforce and a convenient location near the marine suppliers in Norfolk, Baltimore, and Philadelphia, they are usually able to deliver custom vessels in record time. For more information, visit http://www.chesapeakeshipbuilding.com.


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Issue 5 Gypsol Newsletter
Come on in. Enjoy a walk around the Gypsol House. Take a leisurely walk around the Gypsol house and see exactly what Gypsol based screeds can offer your new house. Now using our interactive walk through house you can envisage how your design will look and how it will work when Gypsol is used to its full potential. What ever substrate you and your Architect want to use, see how it will work for you.
Basement, ground floor or upper floors, it doesn't matter you can choose the correct substrate and type of Gypsol screed that works for you. Visit www.gypsol.co.uk to walk around the Gypsol house for yourself or contact the relevant Technical and Specification Manager for your area to have a guided tour. What ever your choice you can now get to see how Gypsol based screeds will work for you.
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Client in Seattle
Hey photographers! I wanted to let you know about an opportunity to make some extra money between projects,. Its a peer-to-peer lending community that allows photographers to list their gear and rent it to locals in their area. CameraLends will cover anything that may happen to the gear while lending, and you get to keep 70% of the rental cost. If youre interested in listing your gear on CameraLends, or renting gear from others near you, wed love to have you join our community. Signing up and listing is free. You can learn more at . If you have any questions please let me know. Im happy to help :) Best, James
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As P.P. Group we take health & safety, quality and our commitment to the environment very seriously. This is why we have invested heavily in the management systems we are currently running.
Our Philosophy
We are continually improving what we do in the QHSE department. We invest heavily both in terms of finance and human resource, to make sure that our QHSE department is developing using the same principle as at our sister company – P.P. Plasma Ltd.
Dedicated QHSE Department
We are continually striving to improve working conditions and produce first class quality throughout the supply chain. For example, P.P. Profiles invested large resources in the development of our customer complains procedures, by automating the way all the functions of the business record and respond to customer complaints. In addition, most of the procedures have been enhanced to use less paper, underpinning our commitment to the environment.
Continual Improvement
Since re-branding in 2015, we have had continual improvement of QHSE-related KPIs. For example, we have standardised our approach to customer complaints and quality measures at P.P. Profiles, to make sure that our department is operating using the same principle as the other companies in the P.P. Group; which have had a QHSE department since 2010.
The endeavour for continued success
The QHSE department is now part of the P.P. culture and all the companies are working and cooperating closely with each other to support this initiative. The department has grown in size at a rapid pace from one person to three over the last year, which underpins the importance of the QHSE department and its activities across the P.P. Group.


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Concept Bronco
Concept Bronco Aug. 26 — Jalopnik's Andrew Collins comments on Ford considering a revival of the Bronco sport utility vehicle and Ranger small pickup. He speaks with Bloomberg's Mark Crumpton and Matt Miller…
New Ford Bronco, Ranger – Details On The 2019 Ford Ranger & 2020 intended for Concept Bronco
The 2004 Bronco Concept And 2016 Bronco From Dreams To Reality intended for Concept Bronco
Concept Car Of The Week: Ford Bronco (2004) – Car Design News with Concept Bronco
Ford Bronco Concepts | 4X4 Australia regarding Concept Bronco
A 2020 Ford Bronco Concept That Amazes, But? in Concept Bronco
A 2020 Ford Bronco Concept That Amazes, But? inside Concept Bronco


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Thank you for your interest. Please reach out with questions or comments using the information below. We look forward to hearing from you.
Phone(210) 654-0774
Hours of OperationMonday - Friday, 8:30 a.m. - 6:00 p.m.Saturday, By Appointment Only
Address11051 Wye Drive, San Antonio, TX 78217
Service AreaSan Antonio, TX, & Surrounding Areas


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The purpose of this guide is to help novice tube enthusiasts understand the basic principles of tubes and valves. We all start somewhere, and I wanted to provide a first resource for absolute beginners. We will start at the very beginning of "What is a Vacuum Tube" and explore how valves operate. Finally, this guide will look at the basic different tube types. So get comfy with a cup of coffee or a beer, and enjoy "A Beginner's Guide to Vacuum Tubes and Valves!"
What is a Vacuum Tube?
In its simplest form, a vacuum tube is an electronic device that allows one electrical signal to affect another. As you can imagine, there are many different ways an electrical signal can be changed, and tubes are capable of altering signal in different ways as well.
Typically, and especially in guitar amps, tubes are made of glass and you can find them by looking in the back of your amplifier. Tubes are round and cylindrical, and look like small bottles. They can vary in size and shape and your amp will likely have multiple tubes. It is also very possible that your amp may have no tubes at all! In this case your amp is a solid-state amplifier, and we will touch on what that means later in this article.
Tube vs. Valve
You may have heard another term for vacuum tubes, valves. Both terms are interchangeable and mean the same thing. Tube is an American term, while Valve is what our friends across the pond in Europe say. Much like "elevator and lift" or "hood and bonnet", tube and valve are two separate terms that refer to the same thing.
Why are They Called Vacuum Tubes?
Even though valves look nothing like your vacuum cleaner at home, they do have something important in common. Under the glass covering, there is no air present. It has all been sucked out! This means that the internal components of tube operate in a vacuum. We will discuss later in this guide why a tube needs to operate in a vacuum.
What do Vacuum Tubes Do?
As I previously mentioned, tubes are capable of doing many different tasks. Here are some of their common duties inside a guitar amplifier.
- Tubes can change alternating current from your house into direct current like what's produced from a battery.
- Tubes can amplify a signal, we perceive this as the signal becoming louder. If the tube amplifies a signal enough, it can create distortion.
- Tubes can mix different signals together and split signals into two separate signals. This is used to send signals to different parts of a circuit.
- Tubes can increase current delivery capabilities.
- Tubes can invert the polarity of a signal. This basically means it creates an exact opposite output signal from what is supplied at the input.
How do Vacuum Tubes Work?
Before we get in to how valves perform the above-mentioned tasks, we will need to cover common elements that most tubes share. Keep in mind that not all vacuum tubes contain the same components. I will do my best to keep these descriptions at a basic, high-level, that is still easy to understand for beginners.
The Filament
The first component that truly is common to all tube types is the filament. This is also commonly referred to as the heater. The filament is the part of a vacuum tube that you see glow when the amplifier is powered on. It works very much like a light bulb or your toaster. As electrical current is allowed to flow through the filament, it creates both heat and light. We want the filament to create heat for the purpose of heating our next component, the cathode.
The Cathode
The cathode is an element located next to the filament. It has a special coating on it that when heated, releases electrons. That is the whole point of the cathode, to release free electrons into the vacuum tube. Electrons work like a magnet. A positively charged electron is attracted to a negatively charged electron and vice versa. After being released from the cathode, the electrons flow to the anode due to this charged attraction.
The Anode
The next element is called the anode, commonly referred to as the plate. The purpose of the anode is simply to attract the free electrons released by the cathode after being heated by the filament. So far, so good right!
The Grid
The next component is the grid, but before we get there we need to take a couple steps back and visualize what we have discussed so far. The easiest way to visualize electricity is to compare it to water. They are both amazingly similar in how they work.
Imagine water flowing out of your kitchen faucet and into the sink. In this analogy, the faucet represents the cathode, the sink represents the anode, and the water represents the flowing electrons. There is no filament in this comparison. Now while the water is running from the faucet into the sink, imagine taking your hand and placing it under the water.
What happens? Your hand changes how the water flows. By simply putting your hand under the water you can make it stop and start in a pattern. In this analogy, your hand is the grid. The grid is located between the cathode and the anode, and its purpose is to change how the electrons flow.
Electricity Doesn't Work Like You Think It Does
Before we continue, I need to take one more step back. If you are new to electronics this will probably be easier to understand, but if you have been at it for a while this may be difficult to comprehend. Conventionally, we think of electricity flowing from a positive charge to a negative charge or from a high voltage to a lower voltage. While it is usually easier to understand electricity when explained this way, it actually functions in reverse. Electrons flow from negative to positive or from a low voltage to a higher one. It is important to understand this concept when talking about vacuum tubes.
Connecting the Valve to the Circuit
Now that we understand the basics of how a tube works, lets understand how it functions within the circuit. The filaments are connected to a voltage source to make them heat up. The cathode is connected to a very low, or non-existent voltage source. The grid is connected to your guitar signal. Finally, the anode is connected to both a high voltage source and the point where your guitar signal exits.
So let's think about this. The filament heats up the cathode. The cathode releases electrons. Since the cathode is at a lower electrical potential than the anode, the electrons flow towards the anode. Before reaching their destination, the electrons are interrupted by the grid. The grid is connected to your guitar signal (which varies from positive to negative potential.) This variability alters how the electrons flow to the anode. At this stage, your guitar signal gets imprinted on the flowing electrons. Finally, the electrons reach the anode and signal is able to exit the tube.
Please keep in mind that this is a very simple explanation of what it is happening inside an amplifier valve. In reality, it is a bit more complicated, but this should demonstrate the basics for all beginners.
Different Types of Vacuum Tubes
Moving along in our beginner's tube guide, let's discuss some of the different types of tubes one finds in a guitar amp.
A diode is a two-element tube that does not contain a grid. The purpose of a diode is rectification. Rectification is the process of turning alternating current from your house supply into direct current like from a battery. In fact, almost all electronics work this way of turning AC into DC. A diode tube also needs the help of some capacitors to make this possible. If you are interested in learning more about electronics basics take a look at my article here. Also, I have a great write up on capacitors as well.
A triode is a three-element tube and contains all of the components listed above. Triodes are the most common amplifier tube, and perform many of the duties I previously referred to. They are capable of amplifying signals and creating distortion. Triodes can combine signals and split them into two separate signals. They can also invert the polarity or phase of a signal.
Tetrodes and Pentodes
I am sure you have noticed the pattern by now! Tetrodes are four-element tubes and pentodes are five-element tubes. Typically (but not always) these tubes work very similarly to triodes but have additional elements called screens. Screens are also in between the cathode and anode and alter the characteristics of the tube. Tetrodes are pentodes are commonly found in your power amp section as they are capable of amplifying your input signal much higher than a standard triode.
Why Are Different Vacuum Tube Used?
We now know there are different types of tubes and they are all used for different purposes. Individual tubes are not good at all the different tasks a guitar amp requires. Therefore, engineers rely on using different tube types for their specific application.
While there are many tube types, there are again many different models of vacuum tubes within each category. For example, there are many different types of triodes (which we discuss in this article here.) Some triodes work really well at amplifying signals, some work best at providing ample current, while others do a good job acting as a phase inverter. When it comes to designing tube circuits, it's all about using the right tool (or tube) for the job.
Vacuum Tubes vs. Solid State
As I mentioned previously, not all guitar amplifiers are in fact tube amps. Many amplifiers are what we call solid-solid. These amps also utilize components that are diodes and triodes, but are made out of different materials. These components still work similarly to tubes.
Almost all modern electronic equipment utilizes solid-state components instead of tubes. First, they are much cheaper and easier to manufacture than valves. For the most part, they also operate very reliably with little variation from component to component. Only audio devices continue to utilize vacuum tubes. But why?
The answer has everything to do with sound. Even though modern solid-state components have many positive qualities, most musicians (especially guitarists) believe that they are sonically inferior to a vacuum tube. So even though tubes are more expensive and less consistent, they have been the go to choice for quality amplifiers because they simply sound so much better.
Why do Tubes Sound Better?
Sound quality is subjective, so this isn't to say they there are not good sounding solid-state guitar amps because there are. But why is it that so many of us prefer tubes? It all comes down to harmonic content.
You see, when a signal distorts, harmonic frequencies are created as a result. Vacuum tubes tend to create even ordered harmonics while solid-state components create odd ordered harmonics. Even ordered harmonics are typically found to be more musically pleasing to the human brain than odd ordered harmonics. While many reasons are likely and possible, this is why I (and many other guitarists) believe that vacuum tubes sound better than solid-state components. For more info on harmonic distortion, check out this article here.
Wrap Up
I hope you have enjoyed this brief, introduction to vacuum tubes! If you would like to learn more, I highly suggest reading my subsequent article on the specific kinds of tubes found in guitar amps and how the operate in the circuit. Also, if you are interested in learning more about general electronics, please read my intro guide to electronics here.
There are many great resources in print and on the web to learn more as well. Never be intimated as a beginner! There is always a lot to learn, but that is part of the fun. And hey, we all start somewhere, right? Thank you for reading!


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The new story
Small is the way to go. And we have a very long way to catch up with Tokyo and Hongkong, to go smaller. It is not only a trend. Our population is growing and we need to keep housing small to make way for more people, for economic growth and better quality living.
26 comments:
On housing, how can you miss writing about the joker who was awarded for her brilliant idea on "lease buy back scheme"?
That scheme robbed homeowners, most of them are elderlies and poor, of the true value of their homes.
- November 28, 2011 10:25 am
- Chua Chin Leng aka redbean said...
The lease buy back scheme is a good scheme, like housing price is affordable.
The scheme ensures that people come with nothing go with nothing.
Unlike the dropping of estate duties when people are now allowed to keep the $50m property without having to pay property tax.
- November 28, 2011 10:56 am
anon 1025
How can you say that?
She did not rob them but helping poor,elderlies and illiterate with monthly allowances,maybe only hope that they don't live too long.
- November 28, 2011 10:58 am
I have no issue with helping those who are financially challenged through monetizing their assets. However, don't undermine the value of their homes and short change them in the name of "helping them".
- November 28, 2011 11:12 am
The joker is having the last laugh.
- November 28, 2011 11:35 am
Isn't this the PAP's government trademark style of helping people? Like raising GST to help the poor, raising tariffs to give rebates...
- November 28, 2011 11:36 am
the $8 ministar is up to his old tricks of calling a spade anything except a spade again. Only this time, he is trying to brainwash himself and others of the benefit of small and why we should all learn to sleep in our cupboards like bats.
- November 28, 2011 11:41 am
I dont have the details of the "lease/buy back" scheme.
My aunt was on the scheme whereby the financier granted her a fixed amount per month based on the assessed value of her house...I recalled it now as the "reverse mortage" scheme.
However, when the property prices went down, the financier shortened the period of her monthly payments to her consternation.
Not only this uncertainty, she was charged 6% for her monthly payments as if it was a overdraft of some kind and which was factored in the final settlement when it came..of course on a compounded basis.
You got to get to the details to assess if the benefits are for the consumer or the financier in this lease/buyback scheme.
Nothing is free in Singapore where corporations/organisations/etc have little humanitarian inclinations...PROFITS OF THE MAX POSSIBLE is the MANTRA.
Boy...was I surprised at the details of the "reverse mortgage" scheme touted as a panacea for the asset-rich but cash poor individual.
- November 28, 2011 11:49 am
Useless oppositions. You hear anything from them about the day light robbery in the form of reverse mortgage or lease buy back scheme? They are only interested in killing the value of our homes.
- November 28, 2011 12:06 pm
All the help schemes you can think of are designed to benefit the purported helper more than they benefit the persons receiving the 'help'.
- November 28, 2011 12:14 pm
- Chua Chin Leng aka redbean said...
Is this just a perception or real?
If this is real, no amount of communication is going to work.
If it is just a perception, then there may be a little hope that the perception can be changed.
- November 28, 2011 12:57 pm
Reverse mortgage benefits the bank who charge super high interest rates.
See this story:
Old couple have to die fast or the compounded high interest will kill them.
- November 28, 2011 1:14 pm
- Chua Chin Leng aka redbean said...
Hi Anon 1:14. They said the devil is in the details.
On face value, I thought the reversed mortgage scheme would be a fixed term rather than a flexible term varying the market price of the property.
In the mentioned case, the property prices fluctuated from $2.1m to $1.1m and that is very frightening.
Can the current property prices go down the same amount? Many would have to jump off the windows if it so happen. Real scary.
Those who still think taking a half million dollar loan and nothing will happen to their income, better think twice or triple. Any jokers telling you that no worry lah, the loan is covered by the value of the property, don't buy that.
It can kill.
- November 28, 2011 1:22 pm
Encouraging people to live beyond their means. Pushing young people to take unnecessary gamble on their lifetime incomes.
Ruthless and highly irresponsible.
- November 28, 2011 1:24 pm
- Matilah_Singapura said...
Wah, I don't know what kind of "magic" you believe in, but it seems to me you want rock-bottom prices for "good sized" housing, and you expect the government to fart out these goodies from the anus of the state.
If you are crying now, I can't wait to see and hear you wail when the population doubles :-)
- November 28, 2011 1:50 pm
- Chua Chin Leng aka redbean said...
Great opportunities when there is a big collapse. I am rubbing my hands too.
- November 28, 2011 1:58 pm
Big collapse? Where got such a thing in red dot? You have practically no chance to rub your hands, officially.
Here in red dot the leaders and people do not see things through the same telescope.
For example, what was Khaw Boon Wan saying about the lack of traction and strategy that caused them to lose a GRC during the last election?
The old uncles and aunties cleaning the toilets and karung guni man know that it was the issue of the high cost of living, immigrants, ministers' salaries, housing and jobs that caused the loss of Aljunied GRC, not traction or strategy. 46 years of designer status iron-clad strategy just cannot unravel in one election. Who are they trying to kid anyway? Yes, the truth must be hurting, so they are still trying to ignore the truth and try to blame something else. But traction and strategy?
The way I see it, they still will not see the truth by 2016.
- November 28, 2011 3:15 pm
- Chua Chin Leng aka redbean said...
The whole western economy and financial institions are run by crooks who go for quick fixes and quick profits, doctoring accounts and all the tricks in the bag to look good, spending future income, borrowings etc etc.
It can take a dive anytime if some big time analysts start to scream 'Run for cover'. It will be really big time. Living on credit is living on borrowed time.
- November 28, 2011 3:54 pm
The new story or new song? It changes all the time, as in Animal Farm.
Anyway, first it was two legs bad, four legs good. Then two legs good, four legs better.
Soon, very soon, it will be four legs good, three legs better. Or am I behind time?
- November 28, 2011 4:55 pm
"The old uncles and aunties cleaning the toilets and karung guni man know that it was the issue of the high cost of living, immigrants, ministers' salaries, housing and jobs that caused the loss of Aljunied GRC". Unquote.
It was these very uncles and aunties that repeatedly refused to vote for oppositions. Period.
- November 28, 2011 7:25 pm
- Matilah_Singapura said...
As if voting for the opposition or praying to Baby Jesus or fat-fuck Buddha will actually make a difference someone not only refuses to accept their life, but any responsibility that goes with it.
Dem aunties and unkles need a slap ;-)
- November 28, 2011 7:31 pm
Propaganda is in action. Nothing new on this rock. This is the only way to brainwash the people so that they believe what those in power want them to believe.
Quality of life is an abstract and subjective concept. It has different meaning to different people.
- November 29, 2011 2:27 am
- Chua Chin Leng aka redbean said...
More letters in the ST forum against this silly quest that small is good.
We need not go down the road of Hongkong and Tokyo. We can see how disgusting life can be, living like dogs in a kennel. And the sad thing is that we are being led down this road to paradise, like there is no choice leow.
Got anyone listening or not?
- November 29, 2011 3:25 pm
"Got anyone listening or not?".
Listen but did not hear!
- November 29, 2011 7:17 pm
"Listen but did hear! Can?"
Holy smoke, it is possible. Or should I say can. They have perfected that art for over 46 long years.
- November 29, 2011 8:23 pm
Small flats are good for you. For me, I need to live in 20,000 sq ft bungalow.
When I say your quality of life is not affected, it is true. It is the quality of life at your level, not mine. Mine will be affected if the 20,000 goes down to 15,000 sq ft.
- November 30, 2011 9:34 am


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Spring Hill College late registration
To request course information, please complete this form. You may receive information from just one program, or several. Before making decisions about your future, compare programs carefully.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
To request course information, please complete this form. Before making decisions about your future, compare programs carefully.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
To request course information, please complete this form.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Think about what career is best suited for you, and where you want to study. Request more information now.
Find info concerning Spring Hill College late registration, registering for degree programs, and taking free tests online. Which college degrees give you the best chances of finding employment after graduation? Majoring in a technical area, for example, can give you an advantage in job recruiting in fields that demand analytical and creative skills, such as teaching at the university level. Check with the registrars office for an updated schedule of courses, late registration deadlines, and major requirements. Many university departments will have advanced placement testing available if you're seeking college credit via AP exams. Please check available options for late registration on the registrars office website.
It isn't necessary to be enrolled in a degree program in order to sign up for online courses. Every class is recorded and stored on a remote server, which allows students to replay difficult sections as many times as required. If you so choose, online education gives you the opportunity to take difficult courses that won't show up on your transcript. Alternatively, you may be able to complete online credits for a grade. Advanced Placement exams (AP Exams) are offered in a variety of subjects, offering college credit for classes that you have taken. Test yourself with free practice exams, before visiting the College Board website to register to take your actual AP Tests. If you earn a score of 3 or higher on an AP subject exam, you may be granted advanced placement in college.
United Way of Miami-Dade
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Spring Hill College late registration
4000 Dauphin St
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4000 Dauphin St
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I've been getting a lot of questions about some items on my instagram & I apologize I haven't been posting more content directly on here! Things have been crazy at No. 14 & me and E have traveled a little to see friends- but things are going to get back to normal here shortly (I hope).
White Jeans, T Shirt (From No. 14, similar here), Sunnies, Wedges (old from last year) but similar here, here, and here , Lip (color is honeysuckle)
-I have to say that using this lip was not my favorite. It is an all day liquid lipstick but it completely dried out my lips throughout the day. I prefer this lip in color 999- the reds are almost the exact same & it doesn't give you that dry feeling.
Romper (originally from No. 14 last spring- managed to find it here. I literally live in this thing!), Bag, Sunnies, Shoes
Boyfriend Jeans, Sunnies, Button up-sold out- similar here , Bag: Celine, Shoes
Shoes, Dress (from No. 14- just got more in stock so it is available! if you want to contact us!), Bag
Sweater, similar here , Shorts (from last year but just got these & love!), Shoes, Sunnies, Bag: Celine, Lip- a mixture between this (color- baci) & this (color- honeysuckle)
Hope you guys had a good Monday!


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Heroic Hawks bag the points
Glasgow Hawks 10, Stirling County 3 Hawks' programme notes predicted a tight and close encounter between these two sides and so it was to prove, writes Alex Gordon. I don't expect, however, this was quite the game...
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Coach House Trust Christmas Market
The Coach House Trust is having a Christmas Market next month on Saturday, December 5 between 10am-4pm. There will be Arts & Crafts and plants for sale together with hot food and drinks. Rock salt and compost will also be...
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Partick Thistle now debt-free
Partick Thistle have announced they are now debt free following new shareholder investment and agreement with the Bank of Scotland. Key to the refinancing is the creation of the Partick Thistle Football Club Trust, which will provide the support with fans-appointed representatives...
- Posted 3 years ago
He Named Me Malala: The story of a true hero
Inspirational and intriguing, He Named Me Malala is the film everyone should see, says Ruth Allen. Coming of age tale from Australia Paper Planes charms, Brooklyn is elegant and understated … but there's a price to pay in black comedy Kill Your...
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Positive Action in Housing call for medic volunteers to help on Lesvos
Glasgow charity Positive Action in Housing is calling for 200 volunteers with medical skills over the age of 25 to travel to the Greek island of Lesvos to help save lives. The refugee crisis was the focus of last...
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Ethics festival puts city in spotlight
Craig Tannock believes this month's citywide festival of ethics could be pivotal in making Glasgow become a leading world centre of ethical thinking. The Only Way Is Ethics starts on November 29 and finishes on December 6 with the final...
- Posted 3 years ago


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About Police Test Driver
Test drive the police cars in a racing game like you have never seen before! Choose if you want to play in career mode, single race or time trial, choose you difficulty and one of four levels, each with an unique scenery. We are glad that you have chosen to play Police Test Driver on Madalin Stunt Cars 2, the most dynamic website available.


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Home Cooking, Expertly Prepared
There may be nothing so satisfying as a great meal. At Winding Commons, our chefs re-create family recipes using only the best local ingredients. California is a cornucopia of fresh, fabulous food, and we take every advantage to deliver wholesome, delicious menus every day. Residents enjoy two chef-prepared meals daily, served in our beautiful waterside dining room. It is a bright, friendly place to share a bite and some good conversation with friends and neighbors.
Sample Menus:
Stay in for Dinner
Sometimes you just want to eat a quiet dinner at home. Fully appointed kitchens make it easy to cook for yourself when you choose to dine in, or savor a morning egg on the patio. A year round farmers market is a great resource for the freshest local products, and SaveMart Grocery is a short walk from the gate. Even when you don't want to cook, looking for a quiet movie night in, or hooked on a sporting event, call for room service. Winding Commons offers three complimentary tray services for either brunch or dinner. The options is yours.
Dine Out on the Town
Carmichael has restaurants to suit most any craving, from Rey Azteca Restaurant & Bar, to Blue Sky Chinese, to Mirabelle Café right down the street. Italian and Russian menus bring the culinary world to you. We invite you to tour the grounds at Winding Commons. We look forward to a great conversation over a piece of pie about senior living at its best.
Meet the Chef
I enjoy working with seniors because of the life experience that it offers me. I am an extremely interactive person who enjoys growth and opportunity. Within the senior communities I am able to engage with residents about their own experiences and learn valuable life lessons. What fascinates me is their lives represent the narrative of our history: they are the individuals we learned about that led us to where we are today. However, they provide much more than teaching us lessons of the past; rather, they become someone we care about and think of when we are at home with our own families. I am lucky to be in an environment that brings us together and allows me to create special connections with those who helped shape our world today.


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About a month ago, I identified Abercrombie & Fitch
Abercrombie shares plunged last week after the company guided the current quarter below analysts' expectations. Even worse, the company's holidays were anything but bright. Although the retailer's net sales increased by 16%, its same-store sales were flat. The retailer choked in a "highly promotional environment" here in the U.S. market.
Not only does Abercrombie need to get down with the markdowns to move inventory, it's also been grappling with skyrocketing cotton prices. This is not a good combination for this retailer; it's always aimed to be a high-end, "aspirational" teen brand, after all, and markdowns run counter to that brand's superiority complex.
Meanwhile, Abercrombie has exhibited ample evidence that its long-term strategy isn't exactly bulletproof, even if it occasionally grabs headlines. Last fall, Abercrombie's European weakness gave yet another reason for investors to think twice about holding the stock in the current economy.
Abercrombie isn't alone in the realm of retailers that have started the new year wrong. Wet Seal
It's not too late to sell weak retail stocks like Abercrombie, and certainly think twice before buying them. The good news is that there are high-performing, more-reasonably-priced substitutes in the retail space. Take Buckle
Buckle is currently trading at 14 times forward earnings, and boasts a PEG ratio of 1.24. Limited's forward P/E is 15, and its PEG ratio is 1.29. Although one could certainly argue Abercrombie's forward P/E of 12 and PEG ratio of 0.79 look the most undervalued of this particular trio, remember that Abercrombie's 2012 performance is in question right now.
It's not too late to gear portfolios to juice up better returns in 2012. And to achieve that end, there are far better investments than Abercrombie.
If you're searching for a retail stock idea from far beyond the American mall, Motley Fool analysts have discovered one for you: The Motley Fool's Top Stock for 2012. Click on the link to download the report, absolutely free for a limited time.
Alyce Lomax does not own shares of any of the companies mentioned. The Motley Fool owns shares of Aeropostale and Limited Brands. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.


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Newborn Baby Discovered Dumped In Bushes & Covered With Ants Rescued By Stranger
So heartbreaking! A newborn baby was found lying in the dirt, covered head to toe in crawling ants, outside an apartment complex in Texas. Thankfully, one heroic stranger came to the rescue!
This is not the kind of story we wish to be telling on a Friday afternoon, right before the fun weekend. In the early hours of Aug. 10, a newborn baby girl was found lying in the dirt with its umbilical cord still attached. She was breathing and alive, but covered in crawling ants, as she was abandoned underneath some bushes next to an apartment complex in Houston, Texas. A resident heard the infant crying and called 911. "Somebody left their baby out here," the kind stranger said, according to the Daily Mail. The baby girl was rushed to the hospital where she was diagnosed with an bacterial infection. Doctors also said that she was experiencing extremely rapid heart rate.
You're probably wondering about the parents. Deandre Skillern came forth as the father in court on Aug. 11, after police tracked him down to his Cypress Creek apartment building. The mother, Sidney Woytasczyk, also lives there and was taken away in handcuffs. How did authorities find this careless couple? Apparently there was a trail of blood leading from the bushes to their shared room. Sidney is still being questioned by police and has not yet been charged, according to the publication.
OK, but this is where it gets really twisted. Deandre claims he had NO IDEA that Sidney was pregnant, despite the fact that they live under the same roof — and there are photos of them together where she has an obvious baby bump. Still, it's believed that Sidney didn't tell Deandre about the baby…at least not until she was discovered in the dirt. Sidney's own mother Tina, who also attended court, admits she too didn't know about her daughter's pregnancy.
HollywoodLifers, are you absolutely horrified by the footage? How did you react?


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Stefan Molyneux
You can use arrow keys to navigate in the map.
Countries where guns are almost universally banned do not show this trend at all
That is entirely not true. In Europe, the vast majority of gun owners are centralized authority and the ruling class. (i.e. Police, Military, Politicians and their guards).
The police and military force, which are part of the government, can not be counted into the ruling class, specially not in democratic countries where every citizen can become a policeman and is in no way dictated by economic or political status.
because firearms will be needed to disarm its citizens
Freedomain Radio
It would be enforced by the police force and therefore the state, which does not bring us to the direct conclusion that the elite class would be favored.
Ther may be corrupted countries where this is the case


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Republican Lesli Gooch's campaign called for a recount on Wednesday in California's 31st district congressional race, in which she finished a close third behind Democrat Pete Aguilar, losing by just 209 votes.
According to the San Bernardino Sun, it was Redlands Tea Party Patriots board member John Berry who called for the recount on Gooch's behalf, saying he was a Gooch supporter and that Aguilar's policies could be "damaging."
"Basically, I would be doing all of America a favor if I knocked Pete Aguilar out of the race for Congress," he said in the report.
Paul Chabot, a Republican businessman, already locked up the first-place finish in the district by at least 5,000 votes. In California primaries, the top two vote-getters advance to the general election, regardless of party affiliation, so the Gooch campaign is trying to ensure that no Democrats make it to the next round. According to Roll Call, that is exactly what happened in 2012, when two Republicans won the primary in a district Barack Obama carried by 57 percent.
"We have been in consultation with campaign attorneys and polling data experts over the past several days," Gooch campaign manager Jeff Stinson said in a statement. "They feel a recount is warranted and have identified the precincts that will be recounted."
Aguilar, the current mayor of Redlands, said he was "disappointed" that the Gooch campaign called for the recount.
"I'm disappointed that Lesli Gooch and the Republican Party would challenge the results of this certified election," he said in a statement. "I was declared as a winner in the election and I expect that the final result will confirm the same thing."
County Registrar Michael Scarpello said the results would probably not change much, save for a few votes either way.
"We did a one percent manual audit, as required by law, and we found no anomalies. We did a 100 percent audit of our machine counts; we found no anomalies. And we don't expect to find any anomalies in this recount."


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The wifi didn't reach our room. The terrace closes very early an there are not many other areas where you could stay. The walls are poorly soundproofed. We could listen to a conversation from a room next to ours.
"The rooms on the terrace where quieter then the rooms at the front (by the main road and living room)."
"I liked my single room adjacent to a sitting and dining area with kitchen. Bathroom was nearby, and section..."
"Spend time in the main common room...great place to meet other travelers, explore the surrounding..."
"Our room was brilliant and faced directly on to the terrace!"


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We're not in the '80s anymore, and thin round eyebrows have stopped being in trend for quite a while. Meanwhile, strong brows are something to be seen more and more often on the catwalk, on the street, in the magazines. Pretty much everywhere. But remember how much you loved the ...Read More »
Hair care – diy hair treatments
Having thick, healthy, shiny hair is a wish that we all have. I'd also say long, unless you want to keep those bangs short (which is indeed an amazing look if you can pull it of). But because of stress, irritant shampoos, pollution and so many more, our hair doesn't ...Read More »


text: I know there is a lot of places where you can put citations but the problem is that most of them are for US,CA or UK. What about Slovenia? We have small competition here but what is best to do. It seems most of the guides are for US. Any recommendations?


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England Sheet Metal can be found at W 81st St 202. The following is offered: Air Conditioning. The entry is present with us since Sep 8, 2010 and was last updated on Nov 14, 2013. In New York there are 114 other Air Conditioning. An overview can be found here.
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LOL : GMA Redesigns News Desk to Hide George Stephanopoulous' Tiny Legs
It appears that "Good Morning America" did a redesign of their anchor desk in order to hide the very tiny legs of one of their stars.
Former Clinton operative and GMA host George Stephanopoulos has a set of tiny man legs.
With the former desk design, those little legs were on full display.
And it looked awkward.
So, GMA did a redesign that now hides the little guy's legs.
From Page Six
George Stephanopoulos may be a giant in the news business, but "Good Morning America" has changed its set to cover up his diminutive size.
"He's 5-foot-6 and is dwarfed by human trees Robin Roberts and Michael Strahan," says an insider. " 'GMA' initially thought using an anchor desk with elevated chairs would help the problem.
Still awkward, George's little-boyish mini-legs were seen dangling."
Amy Moreno is a Published Author, Pug Lover & Game of Thrones Nerd. You can reach her on Facebook here.


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Work can be very hectic but it is very important that you look after yourself. Even your personal life can be hectic so you must find time to relax and make sure that you do not overwork yourself and get exhausted.
Set a time where you don't work
If you are a workaholic and you cannot get away from your work it is important that you set specific times where you take a break and do not work. You should make sure that you stick to these times, during these breaks you should not do anything work related instead this is a time that you should spend with your family and just talk to them and get your mind off work.
Do fun things
When you are doing something fun you will rejuvenate your mind and your body. Get yachts charter rental, you can get inspected passenger ships which can carry a lot of people so you can take your friends and family with you. You can organize fun things like a dinner for everybody.
Yacht charters will be a great way for you to get your mind off work because you will be distracted by the beautiful yacht and the extremely comfortable life style that you will be living.
Get plenty of exercise
Make sure that you exercise every day before or after work. Put exercising into your daily routine otherwise you will come up with a lot of reasons not to exercise. Exercising gets your blood flowing and it will make more blood flow into the brain so you will be more alert. It also releases hormones that make you feel good and this will release stress and make you feel happier. Exercising will also make your body look better and give you a better physique; this will give you more self-confidence. Exercising is also known to prevent many diseases.
Do things you enjoy
Make sure that you make time to do things that you love. This may involve reading a book, playing a sport or watching your favorite television show. It is good to make time just for yourself because you will be able to gather your thoughts and clear your head. During this time ask your family to give you some privacy.
Start doing yoga
Yoga is great for your mind and your body. Your muscles won't be as tight anymore because yoga will reduce the tension and the stress levels in your body. It is a very peaceful thing to do and it will give your mind a lot of rest.


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Get the Help and Genuine Subaru Parts You Need from Michael Hohl Subaru Serving Reno, NV
Your satisfaction is our number-one concern here at Michael Hohl Subaru, proudly serving the greater Carson City, Reno, South Lake Tahoe, North Lake Tahoe, and Fallon areas. So when you're in need of genuine Subaru parts and accessories for your chosen vehicle, you can turn to us and have an experience like nowhere else. Our experts can help you find just what you're looking for, sure to help you stand out and get back on the road with the confidence you deserve. Once you have the part you've been looking for, our professionally-trained service center technicians will install it for you for an additional fee, quickly and easily.
We're located conveniently on 2910 S. Carson St., Carson City, NV 89701, so drop in today and find Subaru excellence down every isle. You can also fill out the online Parts Request form on the left if you already know exactly what you need and we will contact you promptly. We hope to see you soon and assist you however we can.


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When we receive the call, we connect your call and run the parameters specified in your NCCO.You can play text-to-speech, play audio, create voicemails, start conferences, IVR menus and much more. Forward to Phone2) You can configure the forwarding number in Dashboard, by setting the "Voice Setting" to "Forward to Phone" and entering a number in international format.Live Help Now help desk software collects a lot of information about your customers.The integration with Capsule CRM will allow for easy transfer of live chatter information into your Capsule CRM account for additional marketing, business analytics, upsell and cross sell flow.You can play text-to-speech, play audio files, create voicemails, create IVR menus with call transfer or transfer the call to a phone number.
You may forward the call to:1) an Voice API Application2) another voice-enabled number directly3) a SIP address4) a Voice XML script Answer Forward to Application (Voice API)1) You can configure the application ID in Dashboard, by setting "Voice Setting" to "Forward to APP", once you have created your application using the Application API, referencing your NCCO and Event endpoints.
To make sure your long distance relay calls are carried and billed through your existing long distance service or calling plan, it is recommended that you submit a a Customer Preference/Profile form.
You may also inform the CA of your preferred carrier of choice prior to placing a long distance relay call.
No special telephone equipment is needed to use STS, though some people may find it beneficial to use a speakerphone or hands-free telephone equipment.
If you meet certain eligibility requirements, you may qualify to receive a TTY at no cost through the state of Minnesota's Telephone Equipment Distribution Program (TED) Program.


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Chennai: The ruling Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) in Tamil Nadu on Sunday allotted one seat to the Perunthalaivar Makkal Katchi, a forum floated by the Nadar community, for the April 13 assembly polls in the state.
"Both parties signed an agreement in this regard at the DMK headquarters here after talks with DMK president and Chief Minister M Karunanidhi," Katchi organiser N R Dhanapalan told reporters here.
Dhanapalan said they would contest on the DMK symbol.


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FIRST CLASS: The Evolution of American Schoolrooms and the Amazing People and Companies That Wrought This 100-Year Transformation!
Yes, that's a long title, but there's a lot of information here! The cover sort of says it all: Alas, I can remember a bleak, grim first grade schoolroom of dusty blackboard, creaky wooden desks, brown and boring books, and, well, nothing like students enjoy today. After belonging to the National School Supply and Equipment Association for years, I just got interested in where and how the wealth of classroom materials we have today actually came from. Trust me—it's really surprising and fascinating. From the history of the basics, such as pencils and paper, to expected classroom staples, to the-future-is-now electronic tools, the story's pretty amazing. It's hard to believe just how far things have come in not much more than 100 years. From dusted and dreaded…to decked-out digital, the story continues. Just as amazing are the companies that are well over a century old that were there at the beginning of the adventure and continue to contribute to the ongoing advancements in the classroom. It won't surprise teachers that TEACHERS were at the core of much of this innovation! This is history that teachers, past and present, will enjoy, as well as share with their students. Includes an extensive bibliography and thorough index. Excellent gift for a librarian or a new education graduate!


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Science Education
Every summer, students participating in the Deparment of Energy's Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internships (SULI) program conduct research at Jefferson Lab. While every student presents their research during a poster session, a few have created video summaries as well!
A Phosphorescent Detector System
Boron Nitride Nanotubes as a Cryosorbent
This page is maintained by Steve Gagnon.


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Application using this process: Unidrive strings
Recommended: Check your system for invalid registry entries.
Application using this process: Unidrive strings
Recommended: Check your system for invalid registry entries.
Application using this process: Unidrive strings
Recommended: Check your system for invalid registry entries.
What is hpvplres04.dll doing on my computer?
hpvplres04.dll is an HP Localization Plugin for Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Unidrive strings. It contains a string table in many languages with captions like "Clicking on anything in this list will not change your Print Quality setting.".
Non-system processes like hpvplres04.dll originate from software you installed on your system. Since most applications store data in your system's registry, it is likely that over time your registry suffers fragmentation and accumulates invalid entries which can affect your PC's performance. It is recommended that you check your registry to identify slowdown issues.
In order to ensure your files and data are not lost, be sure to back up your files online. Using a cloud backup service will allow you to safely secure all your digital files. This will also enable you to access any of your files, at any time, on any device.
Is hpvplres04.dll harmful?
This process is considered safe. It is unlikely to pose any harm to your system.
hpvplres04.dll is a safe process
Can I stop or remove hpvplres04.dll?
Most non-system processes that are running can be stopped because they are not involved in running your operating system. Scan your system now to identify unused processes that are using up valuable resources. hpvplres04.dll is used by 'Unidrive strings'.This is an application created by 'Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.'. To stop hpvplres04.dll permanently uninstall 'Unidrive strings' from your system. Uninstalling applications can leave invalid registry entries, accumulating over time.
Is hpvplres04.dll CPU intensive?
This process is not considered CPU intensive. However, running too many processes on your system may affect your PC's performance. To reduce system overload, you can use the Microsoft System Configuration Utility to manually find and disable processes that launch upon start-up.
Why is hpvplres04.dll giving me errors?Process related issues are usually related to problems encountered by the application that runs it. A safe way to stop these errors is to uninstall the application and run a system scan to automatically identify any PC issues.
Browse process directory by name
Process Library is the unique and indispensable process listing database since 2004 Now counting 140,000 processes and 55,000 DLLs. Join and subscribe now!


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Reading this book is like sitting down with a knowledgeable, impartial consultant before beginning a major library renovation project.
November 2016
Libraries Unlimited
eBook Available from ABC-CLIOEmail ABC-CLIOorCall Your Preferred eBook Vendor for Pricing
Paperback: £54.00/59,00€/A$90.00
This book provides practical information and insights to library administrators and building plan team members at academic and public libraries who are considering or starting a library expansion or reconfiguration of existing space.
Building a new library or expanding or renovating an existing building brings up a host of questions and concerns, not the least of which involves the future of the library. This book addresses those issues in light of an overarching positive vision of libraries and their evolving purposes and roles in the 21st century.This guide identifies and addresses all of the steps in the building process, including preparing the request for proposal (RFP), selecting the right architect for the job, developing a financial contingency plan, and managing stakeholders' expectations. The book presents both the perspectives and experience of library administrators and management personnel as well as the insights of accomplished library architects and designers. It provides thorough, practical, and current guidance in a process that library administrators often find daunting and "risk immersive." Reading this book is like sitting down with a knowledgeable, impartial consultant before beginning a major renovation project—a tremendous asset for library administrators as well as architectural firms.
Marta Mestrovic Deyrup, PhD, is head of technical services at Seton Hall University Libraries. Before becoming a librarian, she worked in the publishing industry. Deyrup is a freelance acquisitions editor for ABC-CLIO/Libraries Unlimited and acquisitions editor for the Library Information Technology Association (LITA) guide series. She is the author of several books and numerous articles.
"A guide to the establishment of a public or academic library, Deyrup's overview outlines priorities. The thirteen chapters coordinate the writings of sixteen experts in architecture, interior design, and library services. Essential to the planning stages, descriptions of community and campus evaluations and user needs precede the hiring of structural consultants. . . . This text is recommended for an audience needing a guide for the titular purpose."—VOYA
Need Help? Try our Search Tips
Topics (Libraries Unlimited)
Librarianship: Philosophy, Values, and Issues
Management and Administration
Organization of Information and Knowledge Management
Acquisitions and Collection Management
Archives and Records Management
Information Systems and Technology
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Librarian's Instructional Role
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Available for Course Adoption


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Artist Downcycles Current Movies Into Retro VHS VersionsJune 30, 2017
View Gallery
Iamsteelberg recreates contemporary movie posters--but he doesn't upcycle them; oh no. He wears them down, slaps them in plastic covers and throws a few stickers on them, just like the movies you rented from Blockbuster in the 1980s. While many are focused on making retro things look futuristic, it's a nice change to see current media turned retro. If you've never used a VHS, this may not be your jam, but that's your loss!


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Forklift Warehouse
Axiom Staffing is currently hiring for a Warehouse in the Winder area. We are looking for a Sit Down Forklift Operator to work on 2nd shift. 2pm-10pm M-F
Please call 706-520-1093 for more information Full Time pay rate is 14.00 per hour
-Must have a High School Diploma or GED
-At least 6 months experience operating a Sit Down Forklift
We are committed to providing all interested job seekers with the opportunity to search for jobs and complete the application process without barriers. We will also not refuse to hire a disabled applicant who can perform the essential functions of the job with reasonable accommodation. If you need a reasonable accommodation in completing this application, in the application process, or in performing a job if hired, please contact Human Resources.


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Chicken bog benefit planned for Lena
A chicken bog benefit will be held on Nov. 10 for four-year old Lena Wrenn Banning.
This beautiful little girl has autism, epilepsy, various other neurological disorders and intellectual disabilities. She has also been diagnosed with IQSEC2 Gene Mutation, an extremely rare genetic disorder on one of her X chromosomes. Very little is known about this rare genetic disorder, its progression or Lena Wrenn's prognosis for the future.
Lena Wrenn has numerous types of seizures which occur while awake and asleep. Some of the seizures cause her to stop breathing. As a result, she has been hospitalized and often needed resuscitation. SUDEP (Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy) can occur. Depending on the severity of the seizure, a regression is noted in both her intellectual development and physical skills.
Although she is 4 years old, she acts like an 18-month-old. She is not aware of environmental dangers, nor does she process pain the same as others. Since she is non-verbal, she can not say when she is hurt or in distress.
The purpose for the benefit is to help raise the funds to get a Canine Angels Service Dog for Lena Wrenn. He will be her constant companion and could very well save her life. These dogs are extensively trained to ensure her safety, protection, comfort and to alert adults when their human is in pain or distress and to detect oncoming seizures.
This benefit is sponsored by The Hanna Family and IPM Property Management Inc. Chicken bog will be served at 2121 West Palmetto Street, (behind Tidal Wave Car Wash, from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. Plates will include chicken bog, string beans, coleslaw and bread for $7.50 a plate. Homemade baked goods will be sold on site for $1 each, as well as whole cakes, pies and pans of brownies.
Checks should be made payable to Lena Wrenn Banning Charity Benefit.
Call Jennifer at 843-992-8658 for more information.


text: Dr. Thuy M. Vu Strong joined Select Eye Care in 2009 as a consultative optometrist. She is a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and the Pennsylvania College of Optometry, where she also completed a residency in pediatrics and ocular disease. Dr. Strong has presented lectures to doctors of optometry and has earned numerous accolades and awards for both academic achievement as well as clinical excellence.


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Armour-piercing ammunition
C011/3645 Rights Managed
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Credit: US ARMY/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
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Keywords: 105mm armour-piercing, adult, american, ammunition, ammunition specialist, apds, army, caucasian, checking, depleted uranium, desert shield, discarding sabot round, du, human, inspecting, ke weapon, kinetic energy penetrator, male, man, middle east, middle-east, military, people, person, rounds, shell, soldier, technological, technology, toxic, weapon, weapons, white
Licence fees: A licence fee will be charged for any media (low or high resolution) used in your project.


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Eastern Asia - China - Popular Newspapers
Beijing News
(Xin Jing Bao)
Beijing Times
(Jing Hua Shi Bao)
China Daily
China Economic Times
China News Digest
China Youth Daily
Economic Observer
Global Times
Guangming Daily
Guizhou Daily
Southern Metropolitan Daily
West China City News
Workers' Daily
Yangcheng Evening News
Yangtse Evening News
Eastern Asia - China - Popular Newspapers in Chinese
Country Information
Location:  Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam
Geographic Coordinates:   35 00 N, 105 00 E
Area:   9,596,961 sq km (land: 9,569,901 sq km water: 27,060 sq km)
Climate:  Extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north
Languages:  Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages
Population:  1,355,692,576 (July 2014 est.)
Capital:  Beijing
Religion:  Buddhist 18.2%, Christian 5.1%, Muslim 1.8%, folk religion < .1%, Hindu < .1%, Jewish < .1%, other 0.7% (includes Daoist (Taoist)), unaffiliated 52.2%
Ethnic Groups:  Han Chinese 91.6%, Zhuang 1.3%, other (includes Hui, Manchu, Uighur, Miao, Yi, Tujia, Tibetan, Mongol, Dong, Buyei, Yao, Bai, Korean, Hani, Li, Kazakh, Dai and other nationalities) 7.1%
Independence:  1 October 1949 (People's Republic of China established); notable earlier dates: 221 B.C. (unification under the Qin Dynasty); 1 January 1912 (Qing Dynasty replaced by the Republic of China)
Source:  CIA Factbook


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This extractor features a clamshell design, which allows quick and easy access to all working parts. Solution pump: 100 psi, 120V, 1A, 1.0 gpm. Vac motor: 1.8 hp, 3 stage, Single speed, 120 V AC, 13A. 25' power cord, 14 gauge, 3 wire SJTO, safety yellow.
Efficiently clean smaller areas with fewer empties/fills thanks to the 7 gallon solution and recovery tank capacity. Adjustable brush pressure. Vac motor: 1.66 hp, 3 stage. Brush motor: 1A, 1800 rpm. 50' power cord, 16 gauge.
Clean spots before they become stains with the portable spot extractor. Includes Extractor, hand tool with hoses, cleaning kit and portable cart. Vacuum motor: 1.12 hp, 2 stage, 120V, 7A, 840 watts. Vacuum motor type: Peripheral discharge, bypass: 4.8 dia. Power cord: 25' SJTO.
22" path with 5,000 sq. ft./hr. coverage rate. Brush Motor: 1200 rpm. 42.75" H x 51" L x 22" W.
Deep clean in one pass thanks to dirt-lifting, double-tuft brush and powerful extraction system. Easily reach into tight spaces with ultra low-profile design. Solution/recovery tanks: 5 Gal./5Gal. Vacuum motor: 1.2 hp. 10.8 amps, 120V, 1300 watts.
With ReadySpace®. Easily reach and clean tight areas with forward and reverse cleaning action, low-profile body, and Insta-Adjust™ handle. Solution/Recovery Tanks: 5 Gal./5Gal. Roller motor power (2 motors): .3 hp. 11 amps, 120V, 1320 watts.
ReadySpace™ technology removes soil before it becomes deeply embedded, leaving carpets cleaner over time and making extraction easier. Carpets cleaned with the Strive's ReadySpace® technology are dry and ready for foot traffic in less than 30 minutes. 42" H x 60" L x 28" W. 21 gallon solution and recovery tanks.
The lift-off recovery tank on this extractor lets the operator empty the tank into a drain or sink with ease. Vacuum motor: 1.5 hp, 2-stage. Water lift at sealed orifice: 91.5". Power Cord: 25', 16 gauge.
Comes with auto fill and auto dump features already added. It also includes 50' fill hose, 50' dump hose, 25' vac & pressure hose and Hydro-Filter. (2) vac motor: one 2-stage and one 3-stage. 1200 psi of water pressure for the worst grout grunge. Weighs 141 lbs.; Wand not included.
Great for small and medium sized areas. Drop down hose for easy emptying, a solenoid valve that prevents drips & simple controls for easy use. 10 gallon expansion cavity; 14.5 gallon recovery tank. 100 psi; 137" waterlift. Covers up to 2,600 sq ft/hr.
16" path with 2,000 sq. ft./hr. coverage rate. Brush Motor: 1800 rpm. 4 jets/100 psi. 34" H x 39" L x 16" W.
Thoroughly cleans carpet in a one-step process that cleans all sides of the carpet fiber. Motor: 1/2 hp, TEFC. 12 gallon tank capacity. Amperage: 8.6; Voltage: 120 volt, 60 cycle.
Excellent cleaning performance with both ReadySpace® and deep extraction technologies. Brush Motor: (2) 0.54 hp. Batteries: 24V, 335AH. 61.5" L x 31.5" W x 52" H.
2014, Lamers Enterprise, Inc.
251 Puuhale Road, Honolulu,
Hi 96819
Ph: (808)845-9365, Fax: (808)845-5592
The Complete Janitorial and Sanitary Supplies and Equipment
Outer Island: 1-800-528-6243
Office Hours: Monday- Friday, 8:00AM- 4:30PM
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Update 15/07/2014:
Following the retirement of Derek Franklin as Chairman of the Parish Council we have now been informed by Colchester Borough Council we may co-opt a new member.
If you are interested in filling this vacancy on the Parish Council please contact Amy Harness (Parish Clerk) to discuss what is involved in becoming a Parish Councillor and how to apply.
Applications will be considered up to the 1st September.
Amy can be contacted on 07530 873736 or email@example.com
To find out more what being a Councillor entails, please contact the Parish Clerk by dropping an email to firstname.lastname@example.com.