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You May be a Victim of Phishing (Part 1)
"Mr Ho had been using internet banking as an easy and convenient channel to conduct his online banking transactions. A few months ago, he received an email purportedly from his bank asking him to log on to its website to update his personal account information. He followed the email instructions asking him to click on the link to access the bank's website. Having accessed what looked like the bank's website, he entered his UserID, PIN, One Time Password (OTP) generated by his security token and other confidential details into the website.
Since he had never received such an email before, he decided to check with his bank to see if there was indeed such an exercise being carried out by the bank. He found out from the bank that the website he had accessed was a fake website designed to look like the bank's real website. The fake website had the bank's logo and similar design to mislead customers into believing that it belonged to the bank.
The bank immediately worked with the relevant authorities to shut down the fraudulent website and locked Mr Ho's account to protect it from unauthorized access. As a result of the quick actions by Mr Ho and the bank, Mr Ho did not suffer any financial loss. A new PIN was promptly issued to Mr Ho to enable him to regain access to his Internet Banking account. He was also advised by his bank to read and follow the security guidelines and procedures set out in its website."
Nancy Boyle was not that lucky, read her story below:
"Nancy Boyle woke up one morning last December to discover that someone had stolen $1,800 from her online bank account. Then came the $800 credit card charge for escort services that she and her husband Dan never ordered.
The Boyles, who run a window treatment business out of their home in Racine, Wis., were getting a crash course in phishing.
The first e-mail appeared to come from Bank One, warning that Mrs. Boyle's account would be suspended unless she updated her information to conform with the company's new anti-fraud measures. She clicked on the link that came with the e-mail and entered the data on the Web site. Then the money disappeared from her account.
Not long after that, she got another message that looked like it came from eBay. It warned of fraudulent activity on her account and urged her to verify her details. She handed over her bank account number, Social Security number and her mother's maiden name — the keys to her identity.
For the Boyles, the timing could not have been worse. The scams hit less than a week before Christmas. Mr. Boyle's mother had recently been diagnosed with cancer. The Internal Revenue Service had just begun an audit of their finances. The police got involved, but the evidence trail ran cold after investigators traced the scam to "somewhere in Egypt."
The experience left them wiser to the dangers of the Internet, the Boyles said, but it stirs bitter emotions."
What is Phishing?
"Phishing is the attempt to acquire sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details (and sometimes, indirectly, money) by masquerading as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication. Once such sensitive information is obtained from you, the fraudsters will have access to your account to perform unauthorized transactions.
Communications purporting to be from popular social web sites, auction sites, banks, online payment processors or IT administrators are commonly used to lure unsuspecting public."
Phishing is a continual threat that keeps growing to this day. The risk grows even larger in social media such as Facebook, Twitter, Myspace etc. Hackers commonly use these sites to attack persons using these media sites in their workplace, homes, or public in order to take personal and security information that can affect the user and the company (if in a workplace environment).
Phishing is used to portray trust in the user since you can usually not tell that the site or program being visited/ used is not real, and when this occurs is when the hacker has the chance to access the personal information such as passwords, usernames, security codes, and credit card numbers among other things.
"A recent and popular case of phishing is the suspected Chinese phishing campaign targeting Gmail accounts of highly ranked officials of the United States and South Korean's Government, military, and Chinese political activists. The Chinese government continues to deny accusations of taking part in cyber-attacks from within its borders, but evidence has been revealed that China's own People's Liberation Army has assisted in the coding of cyber-attack software."
Now to some Statistics:
"Consumers and businesses in the UK lost an estimated £27bn in 2012 through cybercrime. More than £600m of this was through phishing attacks, making it the most 'phished' country in the world
"UK consumers lost more money to online fraud than those of any other country in the world in 2012 – overtaking the US to move into first place – according to cyber security experts RSA. Figures from its Anti-Fraud Command Centre (AFCC) give UK losses of £405.8m in 2012, obtained from almost 250,000 phishing attacks.
"This marked a 25% increase on 2011, while US losses declined by 19%. Canadians lost the third highest amount, while India was in fourth place, up from 8th. South Africa completes the top five – it is worth noting that all of these countries have a significant English speaking population" ………….The Guardian
There were at least 115,565 unique phishing attacks worldwide. This is nearly a 60% increase over the 72,758 seen the first half of 2013, but less than the 123,486 attacks observed in the second half of 2012. Most of the growth in attacks came from phishing that used maliciously registered domains and subdomains. An attack is defined as a phishing site that targets a specific brand or entity. A single domain name can host several discrete phishing attacks against different banks, for example.
Phishing continues to explode in China, where Chinese phishers are victimizing the growing online population of the country. Chinese phishers were responsible for 85% of the domain names that were registered for phishing
The Kaspersky Report:
About 10,000 Internet users in India face phishing attacks from cyber criminals daily, says a report by security solutions provider Kaspersky.
"In 2012-2013, 102,100 users around the world were subjected to phishing attacks on a daily basis. In Russia, 19,000 users were attacked each day, 12,000 in the US, 10,000 in India, 6,000 in Germany, 3,000 in France, and another 3,000 in the UK," the report said.
"Overall, the volume and intensity of phishing attacks has more than doubled over the past two years," it said.
In 2012-2013, 37.3 million users around the world were subjected to phishing attacks, up 87 per cent from 2011-2012.
"Most often, phishing attacks targeted users in Russia, the US, India, Vietnam and the UK. Phishing attacks were most frequently launched from the US, the UK, Germany, Russia and India," the report revealed.
Yahoo!, Google, Facebook and Amazon are top targets of malicious users. Online game services, online payment systems, and the websites of banks and other credit and financial organizations are also common targets, it added.
Over 20 per cent of all attacks targeted banks and other credit and financial organizations, Kaspersky said in its report.
Phishing has some local accents: phisher targets are different from country to country, depending on the popularity of local online resources
According to Kaspersky, there are 2 major ways by which phishing links are spread:
– Browser
– Mail
It's easiest to encounter a link on a phishing site while using the Internet: banners to legitimate websites, messages on forums and blogs, and private messages on social networks can all turn out to be a ruse. Majority of phishing attacks are launched against users when they are surfing the web.
Top 10 Attacked Countries:
|Russian Federation
|United States
|United Kingdom
In 2012-2013, 102,100 users around the world were subjected to phishing attacks. That is double the number of victims in 2011 – 2012.
Where are phishing attacks coming from?
|Russian Federation
|United States
|United Kingdom
According to GetCybersafe.ca:
156 million phishing emails are sent every day; cyber criminals start their phishing trip by sending out millions of phishing emails.
16 million make it through filters; many phishing emails end their journey destroyed in spam filters; 10% make it through.
8 million are opened; of those that make it through spam filters, half continue their journey by being opened.
800,000 links are clicked; of those emails that are opened, 10% lure someone into clicking on a phishing link.
80,000 fall for a scam every day and share their personal information. And finally, another 10% of people who click the link are netted by the baited website. Their information results in stolen identities, financial loss, credit card frauds and other Internet scams. So in the end, these phishing emails hook about 80,000 victims.
Identifying Phishing Messages
Below are examples of phishing messages:
"We suspect an unauthorized transaction on your account. To ensure that your account is not compromised, please click the link below and confirm your identity."
"During our regular verification of accounts, we couldn't verify your information. Please click here to update and verify your information."
"Our records indicate that your account was overcharged. You must call us within 7 days to receive your refund."
"Your account is currently being updated as we are introducing a new security system. Follow the instructions below to reactivate your account."
"Your credit card is the subject of a police investigation for fraud. Please follow the instructions below."
"Our records indicate that payment for your Internet account is due. We are also currently introducing a new e-payment service. Please follow the instructions below."
"You are the lucky winner of our lucky draw. Please submit your credit card details so that we can verify your identity.
The following are examples of the instructions you may be asked to follow:
"Please provide a return email with your account details, PIN, OTP or credit card number. We will reactivate your account as soon as we receive your email."
"Please click on the hyperlink below to update your personal details."
"Please click on the attachment below. This will automatically generate an alert on our side. We will update your account and inform you."
Types of Phishing
Spear phishing
Spear phishing" is targeted communication toward employees or members of a certain organization or online group. Emails are customized with information publicly available on web sites like Facebook or MySpace. The emails then direct people to a fake login page.
"Whaling" is phishing that is targeted at corporate executives, affluent people and other "big phish." Like spear phishing, whaling emails often are customized with information directed to the recipient (name and other personal information) and sent to a relatively small group of people.
Clone Phishing
A type of phishing attack whereby a legitimate, and previously delivered, email containing an attachment or link has had its content and recipient address(es) taken and used to create an almost identical or cloned email. The attachment or Link within the email is replaced with a malicious version and then sent from an email address spoofed to appear to come from the original sender. It may claim to be a resend of the original or an updated version to the original. This technique could be used to pivot (indirectly) from a previously infected machine and gain a foothold on another machine, by exploiting the social trust associated with the inferred connection due to both parties receiving the original email.
Phone Phishing
Phone phishing is currently the latest type of phishing. Not all phishing attacks require a fake website. Messages that claimed to be from a bank told users to dial a phone number regarding problems with their bank accounts. Once the phone number (owned by the phisher, and provided by a Voice over IP service) was dialled, prompts told users to enter their account numbers and PIN. Vishing (voice phishing) sometimes uses fake caller-ID data to give the appearance that calls come from a trusted organization.
Covert Redirect
The difference with Covert Redirect is that an attacker could use the real website instead by corrupting the site with a malicious login popup dialogue box."So, Covert Redirect is a perfect phishing method. Once the user login, the attacker could get the personal data, which in the case of Facebook, could include the email address, birth date, contacts, work history, etc. But, if in case "the token" has greater privilege, the attacker could obtain more sensitive information including the mailbox, friends list, online presence and most possibly even operate and control the user's account.
Other types of phishing are: Rogue WIFI, Link Manipulation, Filter evasion, Website Forgery…
How do you protect yourself from Phishing?…………………………………….to be continued…
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
MoneySENSE- A National Financial Education Programme for Singapore
The Telegraph
Network World
The Washington Post
Global Chinese Phishing sites report 2nd Half 2012
Financial Cyber Threats in 2013. Part 1: Phishing
Global Phishing Survey: Global Phishing Survey 2H2013: Trends and Domain Name Use. http://docs.apwg.org/reports/APWG_GlobalPhishingSurvey_2H2013.pdf
The Economic Times
THE EVOLUTION OF PHISHING ATTACKS: 2011-2013- Kaspersky Labs
http://media.kaspersky.com/pdf Kaspersky_Lab_KSN_report_The_Evolution_of_Phishing_Attacks_2011-2013.pdf
University of Florida: Solutions for your life
How To Understand Phishing
Copyright: faithie / 123RF Stock Photo
Copyright: 3quarks / 123RF Stock Photo
Copyright: ijdema / 123RF Stock Photo


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Just Thoughts On: Amazon Pilot Season 2015-"The Man in The High Castle"
It's Amazon Pilot Season again so it's time to bust out the alcohol and hate yourself. Wait a second. This show isn't The After. The Man In The High Castle is apparently based off a book so that means we haven't heard of it before. The basic premise of the show is that it is an alternate universe where the Axis Powers won World War 2. The Americas have been split between Japan and Germany. As with any occupied country, there are resistance fighters. We begin with those resistance fighters in New York as they send an important shipment out West. Not a lot of information is revealed to us at the beginning and the reveals of this alternate universe are handled well. Nothing really felt hokey and playing up the gimmick. This is simply a different world and the two nations have different traits. This is reflected in the makeup of each country.
I may have missed an important date stamp near the beginning but the time of this show is unclear to me. I actually find it adds to the general mystery of the world. A friend tells me it's 1962 but that doesn't change much for me. Of course the bigger mystery that is introduced fairly early on is the existence of movie reels that show our timeline. How is there a connection to our history? Time travel? Portals? I don't know. The Man in The High Castle had better be a metaphor. I don't want some trek in the Rockies going to find him.
The premise of this show is incredibly solid and intriguing. Other genre shows that come out always seem to have to have word of mouth and multiple episodes to hook me. This one got me from the first couple of scenes. While I have doubts about the leads, this show looks incredibly promising. I'm so hopeful this becomes a good series. I'd take a mini-series if it meant telling a concise story.

subset: commoncrawl


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Bert Wesley Aldridge,Sr./N.C.
I'm searching for information on Bert Wesley Aldridge,Sr.
He suppose to have came from North Carolina mountains.He is my GreatGrandfather. He married and Indian woman which I do not know her name at all.(Really wished I did.)She was full blooded Indian but yet mixed with different Indian blood.
They got married against her families wishes. My grandmother married his son. Bert Wesley Aldridge,Jr. which died before I was born.
My grandfather had quiet a few bro.s and sisters. I don't know them all but I do know the names:
Laura Aldridge and Joe Aldridge, they called one brother "Coon" I don't know his real name at all.
I know hardly nothing of my family's history, but I am desperate to find my roots and where I come from. My Greatgrandmother owned land around White Lake(N.C.), she died from a busted vessel in her head. When she died my Greatgrandfather sold the land. From what I am told from my Grandmother, my Greatgrandfather liked to drink alot so it was hard to believe what he said, but he told them when he left the mountains he changed his last name from Alred to Aldridge. I don't know how true that is. If anyone has information on Bert Wesley Aldridge,Sr. or his Indian wife or any of the names listed above please, please contact me. Your help would be the most appreciated.


text: I'm a Chartered Psychologist and Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society (BPS). I am also Vice Chair of the Association for Business Psychology (ABP) - the professional body in the UK for business psychology which seeks to maintain and develop standards of excellence for the profession. For over 20 years, I've worked in investment banking, strategy consulting and as a freelance consultant helping a range of large private and public sector corporates recruit, train and manage their employees. Whether designing simulators to select foreign exchange traders through to assessing leaders at board level, I know from experience that observing people doing a role is more informative and powerful than hearing people describe what they claim they can do. I've introduced internships and assessments which feature realistic job previews because I know no one wants to apply or work in a job they can't do - and therefore won't enjoy and will find stressful. In short - I have personally found and all the academic and peer reviewed research will back up the fact that giving people better insights into roles they are applying for helps them make better decisions for themselves.


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Physician. Surgeon. Specialist. Podiatrist.
For many of us, our feet are the furthest things from our minds, both physically and mentally. We expect they'll be uncomfortable at times, and we put up with it when they hurt. But healthy feet are fundamental to the quality of our lives. They are wondrously engineered and often the indicators of our overall health, so we need to look after them.
Podiatrists are Doctors of Podiatric Medicine (DPMs). Today's podiatrists are highly trained physicians, surgeons, and specialists focusing on the foot and ankle and should be an important part of your health-care team. They are integral in keeping America moving and vital to diabetes prevention and management.
Conditions of the Foot and Ankle
The APMA Seal of Acceptance and Seal of Approval are granted to footwear and other products found to promote good foot health. Products awarded the Seal of Approval may be available over the counter or by prescription only.I want to keep my feet healthy
Podiatrists: First Responders for Vascular Disease
Many are aware of the risk factors of heart disease. However, fewer are aware that the blockages that can cause heart disease affect more than coronary arteries—they can also affect other arteries throughout your body. This condition is called vascular disease. Signs and symptoms for vascular disease often first appear in your feet.
Include a DPM for Diabetes Prevention and Management
Podiatrists are the expert in the foot and ankle. If you have diabetes or pre-diabetes, you should make an appointment with a podiatrist right away. Podiatrists are trained to treat foot conditions that can be caused by diabetes, such as neuropathy, infection, and ulcers. Seeing a podiatrist for foot care can reduce amputation rates by 45 to 85 percent.


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Hi Everybody! Suzie and Mommy Are Here!
We Had a Great Day Today!
Did You Have a Fun Day?
The sun came out early this morning, so I was really happy! I knew my day would be fun right away when we got up today. When Daddy was going to take me outside, I just couldn't help myself — I ran around the living room and jumped for joy. It wasn't exactly about going out, I was just so happy that there was no more rain today and there was lots of sunshine! (more…)


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UPDATED: Three $1 Million Powerball Tickets Sold in Maryland (VIDEO)
UPDATE The Powerball jackpot climbed up to $1.6 billion and Wednesday night's drawing resulted in three Maryland locations selling $1 million Powerball tickets respectively.
According to a news release, the winning numbers were: 4, 8, 19, 27, and 34; the Powerball number was 10 and the Power Play multiplier was 2. In Maryland the million dollar winning tickets were bought at locations in Bladensburg, Capitol Heights, and Frederick. One state resident won $100,000, two dozen won $50,000, while thousands of others won additional sums statewide.
The winning jackpot tickets were sold in three states; California , Florida, and Tennessee. The players will share the $1.6 billion jackpot.
Jan. 12, 2016 In this MyMCMedia Extra video, local residents, at Quincy's Bar & Grille in Gaithersburg, talk about their plans for the more than $1 billion Powerball jackpot ahead of the drawing.


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Edited by
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Copyright © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Pages: 587-602
Sexual Addiction
Matt O'Brien, Liam E. Marshall,
and W. L. Marshall
Sexual addiction has been described as a sexual desire that diminishes the capacity or wish to control sexual behaviors that persist despite significant harmful consequences (Carnes, 1983, 1989; Goodman, 1998). However, controversy surrounds the use of the term sexual addiction as the single descriptor for a cluster of
behaviors associated with problematic sexual behavior. Other authors, for example, have used other terms to describe similar symptoms, and the specific terminology appears to depend on personal preference and reflect preferred treatment methodologies (see Sidebar 19.1). Attempts to reach consensus among sexual ddiction researchers on the classification of sexual addiction are ongoing. To date, the main descriptors used appear to be describing a broadly similar cluster of behaviors, yet to reflect preferred treatment methodologies. These descriptors include: sexually impulsive (Barth & Kinder, 1987), sexually compulsive (Coleman, 1987), hypersexual (Kafka, 1997; Kafka & Hennen, 1999), or sexually excessive (Manley & Koehler, 2001). Still others see these behaviors as variants of obsessive-compulsive disorder (Coleman, 1990; Leedes, 2001). Despite the difference in terminology, all describe the essential sexual behavior problems referred to in Carnes's (1983) conceptualization of sexual addiction: abrogation of control and persistence of behavior, despite harm. "Sexual addicts" view their problematic behavior as involving high rates of overt sexual contacts, excessive masturbation, or habitual use of the Internet to access sexual sites including pornography.
Terminology and Classification of Sexual Addiction
The construct of sexual addiction first appeared in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition, revision (DSM-IIIR; American Psychiatric Association, 1987); however, it was referred to under "Sexual Disorder Not Otherwise Specified" as an example of problematic sexual behavior. Under section 320.90, DSM-III-R describes one instance of a sexual disorder not otherwise specified as "distress about a pattern of repeated sexual conquests or other forms of nonparaphilic sexual addiction, involving a succession of people who exist only as things to be used" (p. 296). No specific criteria are given for diagnosing sexual addiction in DSM III-R, nor have subsequent editions made any further or expanded reference to sexual addiction. This static description reflects not only the fact of limited empirical research, but also a conflicted political climate surrounding sexual issues (Smith, 1994). Some attempt has been made to reach consensus about descriptions among sexual addiction researchers and theorists (American Foundation for Addiction Research [AFAR], 2001) on the classification of sexual addiction. This effort led to a research project intended to develop both a standardized measure to assess the construct and to provide further information on its classification. This project, however, is still in process.
Sexual Addiction in Sexual Offenders
In our treatment programs in two Canadian federal prisons, a number of sexual offenders exhibit behaviors similar to the features described by Carnes (1983, 1989) as indicative of sexual addiction. For example, some offenders indicate they are so preoccupied with sexual thoughts that they have problems interacting appropriately with prison staff. Or they disclose being bothered by inappropriate sexual fantasies or appear to enjoy listening to the offence details of other group participants, even after receiving feedback indicating the inappropriateness of this behavior. Some sexual offender clients report having attended a community sexual addiction program.
Through work in our programs, we have found features of sexual addiction that might be relevant to the treatment of sexual offenders, such as the lack of desire, or the inability to control sexual behavior, and the persistence of these behaviors despite negative consequences, both for the offender and even more importantly, for victims. As a result, in 1997, our team began a research program to examine the features and relevance of a sexual addiction diagnosis in such offenders. The following section presents our research on sexual addiction in incarcerated sexual offenders and socioeconomically matched community comparison groups (L. E. Marshall & Marshall, 1998, 2001, in press; L. E. Marshall, Marshall, & Moulden, 2000; L. E. Marshall, Moulden, Serran, & Marshall, 2004).
We present the findings in the following order: first, the psychometric properties of the Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST; Carnes, 1989), including the underlying factor structure; the observed incidence of sexual addiction in incarcerated sexual offenders and in a community comparison group; the comorbidity of sexual addiction with other addictions; the relationship between sexual addiction and clients' history of sexual outlets, as well as the inclination to use sex as a coping strategy; and finally, the possible relationship between psychopathy and sexual addiction. Unless otherwise stated, the information reported is based on the responses of the sexual offenders in our research program.
Measure of Sexual Addiction
The SAST (Carnes, 1989) has been used to measure sexual addiction in our research. In that research (L. E. Marshall & Marshall, 2001; in press; L. E. Marshall, Marshall, & Moulden, 2000), the SAST demonstrated good internal consistency, with alpha coefficients ranging from .89 to .93. We subjected the SAST to both an exploratory factor analysis, using principal axis factoring, and then a confirmatory factor analysis using the maximum likelihood method with promax rotation. Three-, two-, and one-factor solutions were tested for improvement of fit using Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA; Steiger & Lind, 1980) and the Proportional Reduction in Error (PRE) method. These analyses revealed a one factor solution as the most satisfactory representation of our data, accounting for 39% of the variance in SAST scores. We concluded that the SAST measures a single latent factor that Carnes (1989) calls "sexual addiction" (but that might be described by any number of the other terms listed earlier). Consequently, any relationships found in our research ought to be indicative of sexual addiction as well as its correlates. Carnes (1989) reports that scores on the SAST do not predict dangerousness, or the consequences for either the addict or others. As a result, any over-representation of sexual addicts among sexual offenders will be a function of their responses to the SAST and not a result of their offending behavior.
Prevalence of Sexual Addiction
Based on clinical work with these problems, Carnes (1989) estimated the prevalence of sexual addiction in a middle-class community to be between 3% and 6%. Regrettably, little research has addressed important questions about the prevalence rates of sexual addiction, either in the general community or in special populations. In their study on sexual addiction using the Sexual Dependency Inventory-Revised (SDI-R), Delmonico, Bubenzer, and West (1998) reported that 33 (19.4%) of 170 respondents were sexually addicted. This study included self-identified sexual addicts (N = 73, 43%), sexual offenders (N = 55, 32%), and a comparison group that was identified neither as sexual offenders nor sexual addicts (N = 42, 25%). The specific distribution of sexual addicts within each of the three groups was unfortunately not reported. However, fewer subjects (19.4%) were classified as sexual addicts by the SDI-R than actually self-reported being a sexual addict (43%), indicating disparity between the assessment tool and self-report. This finding reinforced our decision to use the SAST rather than the SDI as the measure of sexual addiction in our research.
In our studies, matched community samples reported significantly lower rates of sexual addiction (12% to 15%) than did samples of sexual offenders (35% to 43%). Clearly then, the behaviors described in the SAST present a greater problem for incarcerated sexual offenders than for nonoffenders (see Sidebar 19.2). Another interesting feature about these findings was the higher rate of sexual addiction in our nonoffender, lower-socioeconomic comparison group relative to the rate of middle-class, nonoffenders estimated by Carnes. It is unknown whether this reflects a socioeconomic cohort difference or an underestimate by Carnes.
Sexual Addiction Prevalence and Comorbidity
Incarcerated sexual offenders reported higher rates of sexual addiction (35% to 43%) than did matched community controls (12% to Sexual Addiction 591 15%) as measured using the Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST; Carnes, 1989).
Comorbid Addictions
Carnes (1989) hypothesized that sexual addiction would be comorbid with other addictive behaviors. Schneider and Schneider (1991) did find comorbidity, with sexual addicts at greater risk for pathological gambling and eating disorders. Our studies, however, did not support comorbidity of sexual addiction with either drug or alcohol problems. Measures of alcohol (Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test [MAST], Selzer, 1971) and drug (Drug Abuse Screening Test [DAST], Skinner, 1982, 1998) problems were highly correlated with each other but not significantly related to sexual addiction. This finding was particularly surprising since other researchers have reported greater alcohol problems in sexual offenders than either nonsexual offenders or community comparison groups (Abracen, Looman, & Anderson, 2000; Looman, Abracen, DiFazio, & Maillet, 2004). In our studies, community respondents reported greater problems with nonalcohol drugs than did incarcerated sexual offenders, a finding supported by other research (Looman et al., 2004) in which sexual offenders had fewer problems with such drugs than nonsexual offender groups.
Sexual Behavior of Sexual Addicts
It is possible that sexual addicts, described as unwilling or unable to control their sexual behavior, engage in a higher frequency and diversity of sexual behaviors than nonaddicts. Yet, no significant difference between sexual addicts and nonaddicts in the age of onset of sexual activity or in the frequency or diversity of sexual behaviors
was found (see Sidebar 19.3). Although sexual addicts report an inability to control their sexual desires, their overt sexual behavior does not significantly differ from that of nonaddicts, suggesting that although sexual addicts may be bothered by fantasies and urges, this strong sexual desire does not necessarily translate into overt sexual acts. Among sexually addicted sexual offenders, these unresolved fantasies and urges have led to attempts to meet sexual needs in inappropriate ways. This interpretation is supported by significant differences in self-reported sexual urges between sexual offending sexual addicts and sexual offending nonaddicts. Although sexual offending sexual addicts were more likely to report unconventional sexual thoughts, fantasies, and urges, they were no more likely to report engaging in these behaviors. In fact, sexual offending sexual addicts were less likely to engage in conventional sex with a partner, but more likely to masturbate to fantasies of unconventional sex than sexual offending nonaddicts. Thus, the problem for those sexual addicts who become sexual offenders is their withdrawal from appropriate sexual relationships and their retreat into deviant sexual fantasies which, ultimately, is expressed in an inappropriate way. Research on sexual offenders has shown an increase in deviant fantasizing when they are suffering from distress arising from various sources (Looman, 1995; McKibben, Proulx, & Lusignan, 1994; Proulx, McKibben, & Lusignan, 1996). It may be that a number of sexual offenders fantasize about previous sexual behaviors when under duress and, as a result, become so sexually preoccupied as to reach the threshold for sexual addiction.
Sexual Addiction as Coping
No significant differences between sexual addicts and nonaddicts were found in the age of onset of sexual activity, or in the frequency or diversity of sexual behaviors. Sexual addicts may be bothered by fantasies and urges, but this increased sexual desire does not necessarily translate into increased overt sexual acts.
Sexual offending sexual addicts were more likely to self-report using sex as a coping strategy than were sexual offending nonaddicts, but no relationship between sexual addiction and psychopathology was apparent.
Sexual Addiction and Using Sexual Activity to Cope
Sexual activity frequently functions as a coping strategy for sexual offenders (Cortoni & Marshall, 2001), that is, sexual offenders will use sexual activity of various kinds (both appropriate and deviant) as a way to cope with stress (see Sidebar 19.3). This finding matches research (Looman, 1995; McKibben, Proulx, & Lusignan, 1994; Proulx, McKibben, & Lusignan, 1996) demonstrating that sexual offenders, when in a negative mood, are more likely to engage in deviant sexual fantasizing. In our research, sexual offending sexual addicts were more likely to report using sex as a coping strategy than were sexual offending nonaddicts.
Sexual Addiction and Psychopathy
The issue of comorbid psychopathy is relevant to sexual offenders and thus has been widely examined. Based on Hare's (1991) Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R), 7.8% of incarcerated sexual offenders meet criteria for psychopathy (Serin, personal communication, September 2006). Thus, given the high rates of sexual addiction in sexual offenders, we might expect correlations between scores on the PCL-R and measures of sexual addiction. Specifically, a number of aspects of psychopathy may be related to sexual addiction: failure to accept responsibility for one's own actions, impulsivity, and poor behavioral control. However, our research failed to find a relationship between sexual addiction and any of these variables (L. E. Marshall, Moulden, Serran, & Marshall, 2004). Higher levels of psychopathy were related to a higher number of orgasms per week, greater engagement in unconventional sex, and lower resistance toward engaging in inappropriate sex. However none of these features was specifically related to the measures of sexual addiction. Thus, from our limited research on incarcerated sexual offenders, no significant overlap occurs between sexual addiction and psychopathy.
The results of our research with sexual offenders suggest that sexual addiction is a significant problem for incarcerated sexual offenders: more than one-third of the sexual offenders in our studies could be classified as sexual addicts. Although a central feature of the use of the term sexual addiction is the expected presence of comorbid addictions, our research found no support for this hypothesis with respect to alcohol or drug addiction. Nor were sexual addicts found to have more overt sexual behavior problems than nonaddicts. However, they were bothered by a greater number of sexual thoughts, urges, and fantasies.
In a factor analysis of the sexual addiction measure (SAST), items loading most heavily on the underlying single factor were those related to sexual thoughts, in particular to feelings of shame and guilt about sexual behavior. This finding suggests that incarcerated sexual offending sexual addicts may have difficulties regarding the interpretation of their sexual desires: the more they try not to think about sex, the more intrusive such thoughts become (W. L. Marshall & Langton, 2004); and if they act on these thoughts when in a vulnerable state (see W. L. Marshall & Marshall, 2000, for a description of vulnerability in sexual offenders) they interpret their behavior as being out of their control both to rationalize and to explain it.
Online Sexual Behavior Problems
Easily available pornography on the Internet appears to have brought problems for some people. A number of our sexual offender clients have been incarcerated because they accessed illegal material online. Others have problems functioning due to their excessive use of the Internet for sexual purposes. Such clients may chat or engage in sexual activities online with others while essentially ignoring people in their immediate environment or neglecting their responsibilities, thereby disrupting key supportive relationships. The most common time for accessing the Internet for sexual purposes is between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., or work time (Carnes, 2001; Cooper, Griffin-Shelley, Delmonico, & Mathy, 2001). Such behaviors may cause problems at work for these individuals, including the possibility of losing their jobs.
Sex has been one of the biggest factors in the development of, interest in, and activity on the Internet (Cooper, 1997; Cooper, Boies, Maheu, & Greenfield, 1999), to the extent that an estimated 20% of Internet users engage in some form of online sexual activity (Cooper, Delmonico, & Burg, 2000). According to Carr (2000), this number is rapidly increasing, not surprisingly, given that sexuality has been a significant financial engine driving the growth of the Internet since its inception (Hapgood, 1996; Stefanac, 1993). In fact, Sprenger (1999) suggests that 70% of money spent online is related to sexual pursuits. Sex, combined with the anonymity, peed, and capabilities of the Internet, has produced an effect so dramatic that some researchers claim it is heralding the next "sexual revolution" (Cooper, Boies, et al., 1999). Figures taken from www.sexual-addict.com estimate some 4.2 million pornographic web sites (about 12% of the total number) and 68 million daily pornographic search engine requests (about 25% of the total). As such, the Internet presents an unprecedented opportunity for individuals to have anonymous, cost-effective, and unfettered access to an essentially unlimited range of sexual stimuli. And many are taking advantage of this opportunity.
Cooper and his colleagues (Cooper, Boies, et al., 1999; Cooper, Scherer, Boies, & Gordon, 1999) suggest that despite the large number of people engaging in online sexual activity, the majority who visit sexual sites on the Internet do so in moderation and do not suffer any negative consequences. In fact, research by Cooper et al. (2000) found that nearly 83% of all users of sexual sites on the Internet reported no difficulties in their life related to their online activities.
The National Council on Sexual Addiction and Compulsivity (NCSAC, 2000) claims two million Internet users are sexually addicted, presumably a relatively small percentage of those who use the Internet for sexual purposes yet still a large number of people overall. Still, the overall impact of such usage is unclear. Based on he first large-scale study of online sexual activity, only 8.3% of those who used the Internet for sexual purposes 11 hours or more per week experienced difficulties in other areas of their lives (Cooper, Scherer, et al., 1999). Cooper et al. (2000), using an online survey with a measure of compulsivity to better understand those who had used the Internet for sexual purposes, report that 13% of the 9,265 respondents showed signs of moderate to severe problems of distress and compulsivity (see Sidebar 19.4). Carnes (2001) found that about 6% of Internet users have concerns about their use of the Internet for sex. All in all, then it appears that the perceived impact of Internet use for sexual purposes is limited if, at least, one accepts the validity of such self-report measures from self-selected samples of users.
Sexual Addiction and Online Access to Sexual Stimuli
In three separate large-scale studies of online sexual activity, concerns about the impingement of this activity on day-to-day living were expressed by 6% to 13% of respondents.
At least some men who access child pornography sites on the Internet are led there by previous access to other adult-oriented web sites.
Categorization of Online Sexual Behavior Problems
Three subtypes of online sexual compulsivity have been identified through research by Cooper, Griffin-Shelly, et al. (2001). The Depressive type uses Internet sex as an escape from depression; the Stress-Reactive type uses Internet sex as a way of relieving high levels of stress; the Fiction and Fantasy type uses Internet sex as an escape from the daily routine of life in order to fulfill sexual desires.
The behaviors of all three subtypes can rapidly accelerate. Schneider (2000) found that users initially accessed certain types of pornography out of curiosity, sites which quickly became the focus of interest. Clients frequently reported new sexual behaviors or obsessions that became part of their sexual repertoire as a result of accessing online sexual material. Some frequent users of the Internet, becoming desensitized to the material initially accessed, move on to progressively more eccentric, and finally to deviant sexual materials, with some few ultimately seeking out child pornography (Cooper, Golden, & Marshall, 2006). Of course, some Internet users who access child pornography go directly to those sites because they already have such sexual proclivities. In a large sample of men convicted for accessing child pornography on the Internet, all of whom denied throughout the criminal investigation and prosecution process that they had ever sexually touched a child, as many as 70% admitted after almost 2 years in treatment that they had indeed sexually abused children.
Etiology of Online Sexual Behavior Problems
Griffiths (2000), in a study of five cases of excessive sexual computer usage, concluded that use was symptomatic of other problems, and he highlighted the way subjects used the Internet to counteract other deficiencies. For example, those with psychological problems used the Internet to hide behind rather than face their sexual or social conflicts and fears. Higher rates of Internet sexual usage reflect increased levels of depression (Walther, Anderson, & Park, 1994; Young & Rogers, 1998), and Reed (1994) suggests one possible consequence of depression is that certain users become vulnerable to the sexually addictive use of the Internet.
Consequences of Online Sexual Compulsivity
Not only might depression increase vulnerability to sexually addictive use, Schneider (2000) reports that the adverse consequences of online sexual compulsivity include social isolation and depression, decreased job performance or job loss, and abandonment of other social activities. One key consequence reported in Schneider's study was a loss of interest in "ordinary" sex with their usual partner. Similarly, sexual offending sexual addicts in our research reported masturbating more frequently to unconventional fantasies, as well as engaging less frequently in conventional sex with a partner, than did sexual offenders who were deemed to be nonsexual addicts. One commonly expressed concern is that, as online sexual activity becomes more widespread, even more people will develop unrealistic expectations of their sexual relationships, thereby threatening them. Several authors (Greenfield, 1999; Kraut et al., 1998) have expressed the fear that long-term exposure to sexually explicit material may decrease attraction to one's primary partner or increase the desire for emotionally uncommitted sexual involvement. The research reviewed by Cooper et al. (2006) supports this possible consequence. In a major study of nearly 1,000 people who engaged compulsively in online sexual activity, Carnes (1999) found that "by far the biggest losses recorded were in the workplace" (p. 87), with work time as the main loss: 86% reported acting out sexually in some way in the workplace and 80% reporting a loss of productivity. In a survey of almost 40,000 adults, 20% reported going online for sexual activities at work (Cooper, Scherer, & Mathy, 2001). Compulsive users with access at work may spend over 2.5 hours per day in online sexual activity during work hours (Cooper, Scherer, et al., 2001), a finding made plausible by Carnes' (2001) report that 70% of all adult content Internet traffic occurs during the workday.
Relationship to Offending
The need for sexual satiation can, for at least some, become an obsession that may escalate into a criminal act (see Sidebar 19.4). At least some men who access child pornography sites on the Internet are led there by previous access to other adult-oriented web sites (Cooper et al., 2000; Cooper et al., 2006; Cooper, Putnam, Plan-Chon, & Boies, 1999; Greenfield, 1999; Schneider, 2000). Moreover, Zwicke (2000) reports that the distribution of online "child pornography" is rapidly increasing: specifically, Wyre (2003) reported that a half-year period in 2001 saw a 345% increase in sites containing child abusive images on the Internet.
Sexual preoccupation in general has been linked to reoffending (Hanson & Harris, 2000; Hanson & Morton-Bourgon, 2004); in fact, it was not only one of the strongest predictors of sexual offending, but also strongly related to violent reoffending, sexual and nonsexual. These authors suggested that for such offenders, sexual preoccupation may be accompanied by specific problems controlling sexual impulses, a general lack of self control (more common among young people and criminals), and a tendency to overemphasize sex in the pursuit of happiness. For some, sexual activity on the Internet will not constitute illegal behavior but will seriously interfere with pursuing a satisfying lifestyle, and quite possibly relate to future acts of criminality.
Involvement by Women and Children
Some recent findings suggest that women may be well represented among those with online sexual compulsivity (Cooper et al., 2000). According to Nielsen NetRatings, the number of women in Britain downloading Internet pornography has soared 30% to 1.4 million (Downloads of net porn, 2006). Research regarding young people and sexual activity on the Internet is also emerging. As for children, some evidence suggests that 90% of the 8- to 16- year age group have viewed pornography online (Ropelato, 2007), and according to Nielsen NetRatings more than half of all children admit to having viewed adult images "while looking for something else." The Internet Filter Review authored by Ropelato (2007) also reports that 11 years is the average age of first exposure to Internet pornographic images among users in the United States.
Longo, Brown, and Orcutt (2002) express concern about children's exposure to large amounts of inappropriate sexual material on the Internet, given that the American Psychological Association has determined that exposure to excessive amounts of television violence has a negative impact on children's aggressive behaviors. Boies (2002) reports that 3.5% of a sample of college students viewed sexually explicit material online and masturbated to it at least once a day. This finding suggests a potential for compulsivity in this subgroup, although whether this behavior actually leads to sexual offending is unknown.
Treatment of Sexual Addiction
A number of different approaches, both pharmacological and psychological, have been used in attempting to treat those with sexual addiction. For further information on the pharmacological treatment of hypersexuality, see Kafka (1997). To date, the most predominant psychological strategy for treating sexual addictions has been a 12-step approach, which emphasizes the need for the addict to admit to powerlessness over his or her behavior. Further information on this approach may be found in Carnes (1989).
In contrast with the 12-step approach, our cognitive-behavioral treatment requires sexual offender clients to accept at least some degree of responsibility for their behavior. The observed sexual recidivism rate in the 534 sexual offenders we have treated, released for a mean of 5.4 years, is just 3.2%, markedly lower than the rate reported in other studies, 16.8% (see W. L. Marshall, Marshall, Serran, & Fernandez, 2006 for a review of our treatment approach and outcome data). Although not an indicator of a change in clients' sexual addictive behaviors, but to the extent that these populations show some overlap, the fact that the program has so markedly reduced sexual offending suggests that it may contribute to the amelioration of sexual addiction as well.
Certain aspects of our treatment program may be effective in the treatment of sexual addiction. For example, therapists help clients learn to cope more competently with their problems without resorting only to the use of sex. For the many clients who have attempted to meet their sexual needs in inappropriate ways, therapists in our program help clients explore more suitable means. Focusing on understanding and achieving real intimacy may help those who have withdrawn from appropriate sexual relationships in the past. Therapists lead group discussions and exercises on sex, and on the role of sex in relationships, thus helping those who may have overemphasized sex in the pursuit of happiness. To this end, therapists also present the Good Lives model (Ward, 2002), asking clients to select purposeful and personal goals to help them maintain a satisfying and balanced lifestyle. Given the link between feelings of shame and guilt on the one hand, and sexual behavior and sex-related problems on the other, therapists lead discussions and exercises on normative sexual behaviors and on the restrictions to the enjoyment of these acts such unhelpful feelings can produce. Therapists also help clients deal with feelings of loneliness and low self-esteem in order to help them learn how to alleviate both social and emotional isolation.
The Future
This field is clearly young. The growth of the Internet over the past 15 years has required researchers and clinicians to examine new paradigms, but as Cooper (1998) correctly asserts, health professions have been relatively slow to respond to these new developments. Continued research is needed to fully understand, evaluate, and treat those with online sexual behavior problems. Once these problems are better understood, future research should focus on developing reliable and valid protocols for accurate evaluation and effective treatment. Such research is imperative, given that online access to sexually explicit materials in the future will only continue to expand.
Summary and Conclusions
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text:
January 27, 2016
National Center for Accessible Media at WGBH (NCAM) Shares in Technical Emmy
Contributed to Captioning Standard for Online Videos via W3C TTML Working Group
Video clip of the W3C acceptance of the Emmy® Award
Boston, Mass (December 18, 2015) – Boston public media producer WGBH, which originated captioning for television in the 1970s, is part of the team to receive an Emmy Award for creating a standard for delivering closed captions on the internet.
The National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NATAS) is awarding the technical Emmy for "Standardization and Pioneering Development of Non-Live Broadband Captioning."
Geoff Freed, director of technology projects and Web media standards with The Carl and Ruth Shapiro Family National Center for Accessible Media (NCAM) at WGBH, which works to expand access to media for people with disabilities, notes that 15 years ago there were multiple proprietary methods being used to distribute and display captions with videos on the internet. He wanted to streamline the process so that producers did not have to create separate caption formats for each different online video player.
Freed and other media representatives approached the W3C -- the World Wide Web Consortium, an international community of organizations, staff and the general public who work together to develop web standards – and proposed that they create a non-proprietary caption display standard that anyone who publishes video online could use. The WC3 agreed to form a working group to create a new, open specification.
The result of almost eight years of work was TTML (Timed Text Markup Language) which is now used by major online video distributors to deliver closed captions to viewers, is supported by YouTube and Internet Explorer, and forms the basis for the SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) caption format, SMPTE-TT, which is named by the FCC as a "safe-harbor" method of distributing captions over the internet.
"Continually refining caption systems to make them accessible for users and efficient for producers is part of the mission of NCAM and WGBH," says NCAM Director Donna Danielewski." "It is exciting to have Geoff's contributions to this effort recognized by NATAS. We are honored to be part of the team receiving this award."
The award was presented as part of the 67th Annual Technology & Engineering Emmy Awards on January 8 during the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas.


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text:
Re: PFC Richard S. Karlson
In reply to:
Re: PFC Richard S. Karlson
Thank you Heather! Yes, I did have that information. But that is the only information I have. My Father died when I was very young and I never heard all of the story of Uncle Dick. I have been to the Ancient Hawaiian Burial site, also used for the US Military who have died in the Pacific. It is the Honolulu Bowl ~ Beautiful Memorial and saw the wall where my Uncle is memorialized, on the Tablets of the Missing. His name is at the top of one of the tall walls. (it worked out that way ~ alphabetically) My hope is to join up with one of his buddies. He was wounded, and brought back to the ship to die. Thanks again! Florence Covino


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Coming in April: Culinary Art With Extra Sauce
A culinary project years in the making is taking shape – and taking chances in Fondren. Fatsumo Sushi will open its doors in April to a crowd who has patiently watched as the Fondren Place space sat idle for many months. Now, the Gulf Coast's Scott Meinka is taking a hands-on approach as construction crews finish what was started by another. "We were fortunate that the former project developer Brian Baker believed in us," he said, "and helped us get into Fondren." Baker's chef, Jeremy Williams, passed away last August and Meinka, who worked with Williams, called the passing a tragedy. Meinka said "my heart goes out to his family, to Brian, and to their investors."
Fatsumo Sushi will fit in nicely in this creative neighborhood as Meinka said he and his crew are artists. "Our medium is sushi, but not in the traditional sense," he said. The Culinary Institute of America trained chef has a strong classical and Italian influence and said his sauces make the dish. "Got to have our sauces here, don't we?" he asked with a laugh. "Sauces are the essence of American cuisine and our ginger orange marmalade seals the deal." And what other favorites might he be bringing to our tables? Surf and turf is bacon wrapped shrimp and a pan seared rib eye in a balsamic cane sugar reduction. Room for more? How about sushi? Meinka says their Jamaican Me Crazy roll is fit for dessert with Jamaican jerk seasoning, toasted coconut, avocado, mango, cream cheese and shrimp tempura. "These blends of flavors have helped us develop a following."
But that's not all: Meinka says he is up for anything from pan fried noodles to Chateaubriand or a fresh ravioli. Fatsumo will cater and even has plans to develop a gluten free menu. "With Rainbow CoOp here," he said, "this is the platform for us to try that." Meinka says he wants this to be an American restaurant that serves high quality without bastardizing the product. And, he says personal service will be the rule. There are no sheets here to order your rolls. "That's just too impersonal," he told us. "Our staff is trained and know what they serve. We're committed – and I'm hands on – and want to make sure it is right."
Add to that a full bar that Meinka said he believes is right for Fondren, and a few other extras that he said will fit in here. "The colors and decor," he told us, "will be over the top" unlike future locations that he said will be more simple. And several future locations are exactly what he plans. "We're in a unique time," he added, "and Fondren is getting us in the developmental stages."
Meinka says the reception has been wonderful in Fondren, reminding him of Ocean Springs in its pre- Katrina days. On his walk around the block this week, getting to know the neighborhood, he told us he loved seeing the people strolling around. "I'm very impressed," he said of the community, and said community is what drives his business. "We love to be a part of charity events and tastings and believe that the best way to engage our customers is to be a part of the organizations they are a part of as well." Meinka will serve as operating partner and said he'll "be around", while another coastal resident, Edward Cooper, will live here as general manager.
Update: Fatsumo Sushi closed in late 2012.


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South Korean investigators raided the office of the world's third-largest pension fund, the National Pension Service (NPS), on Wednesday in their probe of a corruption scandal that led to parliament's recent vote to impeach the country's president. A special prosecutor investigating the scandal is looking into NPS's decision last year to approve the $8 billion merger of two Samsung Group affiliates, an official from the special prosecutor's office told Reuters via telephone.
Watch What Else is Making News
The NPS was a major shareholder of both affiliates. The merger was criticised for strengthening the founder family's control of the group at the expense of other shareholders. Investigators are examining whether Samsung's support of a business and foundations backed by President Park Geun-hye's long-time friend Choi Soon-sil may have been connected to NPS' support of the deal, the prosecution official said on Wednesday.
The official declined to be named as he was not authorised to speak to media. Choi is in custody and on trial for fraud and abuse of power in the influence-peddling scandal. On Wednesday, prosecutors also raided an office at the Ministry of Health and Welfare, which administers the NPS.
A Ministry of Health and Welfare spokeswoman confirmed that special prosecution officials were at the ministry's pension department and "looking at a broad range of material." NPS could not be reached immediately for comment. A Samsung Group spokesman could not immediately be reached for comment on Wednesday.
NPS' backing of last year's merger of Samsung C&T Corp and Cheil Industries was seen as crucial to the deal winning shareholder approval. Parliament voted on Dec. 9 to impeach Park, a decision that must be confirmed or overturned by the Constitutional Court. Last month, a different team of prosecutors raided offices of Samsung and the NPS.
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We live in Kingston, a small ocean community on the South Shore of Massachusetts.
In 2000 my husband and I purchased a little cottage in a small waterfront community.
We had a dream of making this small, grey cottage our dream home.
After several years, and many construction projects later, we can finally say that we have indeed, made that little cottage our dream home.
Here are some pictures of the transformation.
Our home in 2000.
And now…
And as much as we love our home, the truth is this.
Even if we still lived in that little grey cottage by the sea.
We would still feel so incredibly blessed.
We are so grateful we are able to enjoy the amazing gifts God blesses us with daily.
{ our views taken throughout the years }


text: Go For Broke! The Rescue of the "Lost Battalion" by the 442nd Regimental Combat Team and 100th Infantry Battalion Clare O'Brien World War Two In Europe Background • • • • 442nd Regimental Combat Team: An all Japanese American army combat team of over 12,000 volunteers 100th Infantry Battalion (Separate): First combat unit in US history to be comprised of exclusively Japanese American soldiers from Hawaii Both comprised of Nisei (Second generation Japanese-Americans) 141st Texas Regiment: The regiment that would come to be known as the "Lost Battalion" Members of the 100th Infantry Battalion Organization of the 442nd Combat Team & the 100th Battalion Commanders: 442nd Regimental Combat Team -Colonel Charles W. Pence -Lieutenant Colonel James L. Gillespie -Major Alex E. McKenzie -Major William H. Blytt 100 Battalion -Lieutenant Colonel Farrant L. Turner -Lieutenant Colonel James L. Gillespie Units: 442nd COMBAT TEAM 442nd Infantry Regiment 1st Battalion (100th Infantry Battalion) Companies A, B, C, D 2nd Battalion - Companies E, F, G, H 3rd Battalion - Companies I, K, L, M 522 Field Artillery Battalion - 16 Mar 1945, reassigned to 7th Army 232 Combat Engineering Company Anti- Tank Company Cannon Company Service Company 206 Army Band Supporting Units 599th Field Artillery Battalion of 92nd Division Origins of the Rescue • The 442nd and the 141st Texas Regiment were both part of the 36th Division under the command of Major General John Dahlquist • They were fighting in Eastern France, near the German border • Dahlquist had ordered the 141st Texas Regiment to advance four miles beyond friendly forces where the Germans surrounded them • The Fuhrer ordered the German troops to hold the area with no surrender or retreat Major General John Dahlquist The Battle Begins • Texans were not rescued by their own men in the 141st, nor by other white soldiers in the 143rd Regiment • Dahlquist ordered the Nisei, battle fatigued from their liberations of Bruyeres and Biffontaine, to rescue the battalion • October 25th,1944: General Dahlquist ordered the regiment to line the flank of the main body of the 141st Lt. Col. James Hanley, Commander of the Second Battalion of the 442d, handdrawn map. Outlines objective and route of attack October 27th • • • • Dahlquist ordered the battalions of the 442nd to rescue the Lost Battalion but progress was slow Attempted movement of tanks were stopped my land mines The terrain was next to impossible, heavily forested and carpeted with a dense growth of underbrush The Nisei faced a tank and infantry attack by the Germans but broke the assault despite that they were outnumbered 4 to 1 October 28th • Both battalions continued the drive forward in the face of stubborn resistance and heavy artillery and mortar fire • Casualties went up and up, caused largely by tree bursts and resulting shrapnel, from which there was no escape • Tanks couldn't move on steep and slippery hillsides covered with underbrush and fallen trees October 29th • The situation for the Lost Battalion was worsening, drinking water and medical supplies were nearly exhausted • An initial attack by the 442nd/100th on the Germans failed in the face of superior firepower but Dahlquist ordered to resume the attack • They were ordered to charge up a heavily defended ridge that would come to be known as "Suicide Hill" with fixed bayonets, exchanging automatic weapons fire with Germans at point blank range • The Nisei were "killing or seriously wounding the enemy gun crews, but themselves sprawling dead over the enemy positions they had just neutralized" • When asked for reinforcements to offset the heavy casualties, Dahlquist replied he could only send some engineer personnel October 30th • The Nisei faced opposition of staggering numbers, fighting through a mine field, but continued to batter the encirclement of Germans around the Lost Battalion • Finally, the German position atop Suicide Hill was taken and the German line unraveled • Contact with the Lost Battalion was made and the Nisei rescued 211 of the 275 men who had been trapped • When word reached Dahlquist, he ordered the Nisei to remain in the woods and be prepared to capture the next hill • 442nd unit lost more than 800 troops while rescuing 211 men behind enemy lines • The Nisei were sent into some of the worst battles • Many of them felt that they were considered expendable • General Dahlquist used the Nisei more ruthlessly than his own troops • Some Nisei excuse Dahlquist, but most remember the hundreds of Nisei casualties battling to rescue the 211 Texans who should not have been there in the first place Outcomes Casualties of the Campaign which included the Rescue of the Lost Battalion Casualty Table RHINELANDVOSGES KIA O EM 7 135 DOW O EM 1 17 MIA O EM WIA O EM 4 47 38 824 Minor WIA O EM 22 299 IIA O EM 2 O = Officers EM = Enlisted Men DOW = Died of Wounds Minor WIA = Not hospitalized Wounded in Action IIA = Injured in Action 26 Legacy: Overcoming Prejudice • "The Nisei battled against suspicion, intolerance, and a hatred that was conceived in some dark corner of the American mind and born in the flames that swept Pearl Harbor" • The Nisei proved their loyalty and their bravery • The 442nd Combat Team was one of the most highly decorated units in WWII Truman addresses the Nisei and notes they fought both the enemy and prejudice and won Overcoming Prejudice: In Their Own Words Ben H. Tamashiro (100th Infantry Battalion): " We were, in fact, Americans in our hearts, and that the color of our skin and the slant of our eyes had nothing to do with it." Kenneth K. Inada (442nd Regimental Combat Team): "I relish [my] experiences, for I believe that they are the foundations for human relationships that transcend our cultural differences." Conrad Tsukayama (100th Infantry Battalion): "Our efforts to recue the Lost Battalion in the dense Vosges Mountains of France tested our courage and brought forth the extra cohesiveness of the Nisei soldier." Lyn Crost (442nd/100th War Correspondent): "They had fought not only a foreign enemy, but also prejudice and suspicion. And they had set the standard for Japanese American soldiers who followed." Decorations received by the 100th Infantry Battalion and 442nd Regimental Combat Team • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 21 Medals of Honor (20 awarded on June 1, 2000) 29 Distinguished Service Crosses (including 19 Distinguished Service Crosses which were upgraded to Medals of Honor in June 2000) Over 334 Silver Stars with 28 Oak Leaf Clusters (in lieu of second Silver Star. One Silver Star was Upgraded to a Medal of Honor in June 2000) 7 Presidential Unit Citations 1 Distinguished Service Medal 17 Legion of Merit Medals 15 Soldier's Medals Over 848 Bronze Stars with 1,200 Oak Leaf Clusters (in lieu of second Bronze Star)* 1 Air Medal Over 4,000 Purple Hearts 36 Army Commendations 87 Division Commendations Over 20 French Croix de Guerre with 2 Palms (in lieu of a second award) 2 Italian Crosses for Military Valor (Croce Al Merito Di Guerra) 2 Italian Medals for Military Valor (Medaglia De Bronzo Al Valor Militaire) 1 Soldier's Medal (Great Britain) President Barack Obama and his guests, including Senator Inouye, a former member of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, applaud after signing S.1055, a bill to grant the Congressional Gold Medal, collectively, to the 100th Infantry Battalion and the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, in recognition of their dedicated service during World War II, in the Oval Office. Veterans of the 141st Infantry Regiment of the Texas Army National Guard and the 442nd Regimental Combat Team are recognized at the 65th anniversary of the rescue of the "Lost Battalion" in Houston, Nov. 1, 2009. Bibliography The 442nd Regimental Combat Team Historical Society. "The Battle of Bruyeres – 'Lost Battalion'." Accessed November 9, 2012. http://www.the442.org/battlehistory/vosges.html Crost, Lyn. Honor By Fire: Japanese Americans at War in Europe and the Pacific. Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1994. Go For Broke: National Education Center. "The Rescue of the Lost Battalion." Accessed November 9, 2012. http://www.goforbroke.org/history/history_historical_campaigns_re scue.asp Hawaii Nikkei History Editorial Board. Japanese Eyes, American Heart: Personal Reflections of Hawaii's World War II Nisei Soldiers. Honolulu: Tendai Educational Foundation, 1998. The Italian Campaign. "WW2 History of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team and the 100th Battalion." Accessed November 9, 2012. http://www.custermen.com/ItalyWW2/Units/442RCT.htm Yenne, Bill. Rising Sons: The Japanese GIs who Fought for the United States in World War II. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2007.


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A reason to shop on Printed is that you get more value for every £1 spent which gives you points. The point can be used to purchase stock images to stationeries. Also, the team at Printed's receipt of multiple awards makes it hard for print enthusiasts to overlook. And with the state-of-the-earth-digital printing facility, top quality is a sure wager.
Printed was founded in 2011 by Nick Green, a one-time salesman and an astute entrepreneur. After graduating from school, Nick worked in the Daily Telegraph sales department before he moved on to Teletext. Disappointment at Teletext drove him to leave and start up his own outfit, Tangent- a digital print and marketing technology group and the parent company of Printed.com. As the company which he headed expanded, Nick saw the need to drive search engine optimization as a strategy to achieving its goals. Consequently, Regroup, a specialist search firm was employed in 2012. As a smart business strategy, Printed acquired a rival print company, Goodprint in 2013 and further expanded in structure. Nick has still adhered to the vision of being the go-to place for printed products in the UK.
How to order print online
Ordering is fun and simple. Printed.com allows you to customize your papers and sizes after a product has been chosen just as you want the design. Then you'll upload your artwork in pdf and jpeg formats before it is submitted. You can track your order afterwards.
Reward Programme
Printed's Reward Programme gives customers to win points on all buys they make on the site. They win points on each pound spent according to three varying tiers: the bronze which gives 4 points for every £1 spent, at the Silver tier 7 seven points are earned for every £1 spent and there is the Pink tier where customers can earn 10 points for every £1 spent. Points can be earned on the website from posting on the blog segment of the website, entering competitions and recommending friends.
There is the 24 hour option in case you need your print or there is the standard 2-3 working days delivery. Deliveries to the Northern Ireland are charged for up to 8 kilograms and 30p per kilo afterwards. Meanwhile large format printing is not available for postal deliveries. In the case of multiple addresses, orders must be made separately as the company do not split orders to multiple addresses. For more delivery information the customer service can be reached.


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As mentioned previously MDT is fully customizable.
|Navigation Bar Before
Use the MDT CSS file, Wizard.css, and manage the 3 below CSS classes.
- NavHistory (Green) = Panel which have already been configured
- NavItemHighlighted (Blue) = Panel which is currently displayed
- NavItem (Orange) = Panel which haven't been yet displayed
|Navigation Bar After
If you want to change the background color of the navigation area, you can use the class : NavigationArea.


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LAS VEGAS (KFSN) --Hundreds of gunshots rained down on the crowd just after 10:00 p.m. and most of them took their cues from singer Jason Aldean.
Fresno State graduate Candice Amico said, "He looks over to the left because that's where the sound of the shots was coming from, and he was a little confused and then all of the sudden, as soon as that video ended, the band stopped playing and they got off stage and everyone in the audience just dropped to the floor."
Former Coalinga resident and 3 people from the Bakersfield area killed in Las Vegas mass shooting
Former Coalinga resident Bo Taylor and his companion Denise Cohen are now confirmed among the dead in the Las Vegas shooting. @abc30 pic.twitter.com/ukvT4EsG2k— Corin Hoggard (@corinhoggard) October 3, 2017
As the gravity of the situation dawned on him, Sanger's Isaac Plata realized he needed to escape.
"I grabbed my wife and we quickly got down on the ground and that's where the gunshots were persistent. It didn't stop and it was one of our scariest moments of our lives."
The Platas got away as fast as they could, crawling through blood and past shooting victims, trying to help whoever they could on the way.
"We saw two people who needed help and tried to tourniquet those people and then they said the shooter was coming, so many rumors out there, so we decided to leave the scene," said Heather Plata.
We talked to another woman who said she took cover under a trailer and watched the sparks from bullets hitting the ground just a few feet away.
The Platas made their way out, leaving behind their wallets and their sense of safety.
"You hear all these things on the news-- mass shootings. Until you become one of those, you don't get that full effect of how precious life can be," said Isaac.
We mentioned the Platas tried to help and we heard a lot of stories like that out here. They escaped to a hotel with about 40 people and that hotel eventually just gave everyone a free room for the night.
That is one thing they wanted people to know was just how helpful everyone was out here Sunday night.


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Who we are
We are a group of Beirutis monitoring the increasingly corrupt world from Beirut, Lebanon. Our focus is on Lebanon in particular (as it's certainly one of the most corrupt "countries" in the world), but also on the Middle East in general.
Beirut Monitor's philosophy is one that considers all events in the Muslim world to be of its concern.
We have chosen anonymous names as to avoid any direct confrontation with the wannabe-Syrian regime we now have in Lebanon. (Freedom of speech used to exist in Lebanon and it was by far much better than any country in the Arab world. We now see however increasing evidence that this is no longer the case. Several individuals are being prosecuted with no reason whatsoever.)
Beirut Monitor (BM) is an open source blog. Anyone with an idea criticizing the current situation in the Arab world is welcome to apply. You can email us and we promise to carefully consider your article and reply within a day.
Why Beirut Monitor?
Beirut Monitor was born when its editors and contributors all saw a lack of actual criticism of the Lebanese regime (political system and government). In parallel, we also saw that the current dictatorships all over the Middle East are not getting the criticism and objection they deserve.
In particular, Beirut Monitor would focus on prevalent social, economic and political issues.
Partial and Biased
Beirut Monitor is not impartial. We are a blog after all, not a news agency (although all media agencies have agendas). BM has firm beliefs that all rulers in the Arab world are not only fabulously corrupt and immoral, but also loyal servants to foreign agendas. We will make sure this becomes clear to everyone.
This in no way means that we are not prone to mistakes. As this is a humble effort by humble people, we are prone to linguistic, editorial, and all sorts of mistakes.


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Kol Hope Fund @ Easter Seals was established by the Kol Hope Foundation, to actively support and raise funds for the programs of Easter Seals Canada.
More than 146,000 Canadians and their families access Easter Seals programs, the best known of which are Easter Seals camps. Every year thousands of children challenge themselves while having the time of their lives at 15 Easter Seals camps nationwide. With help from donors and sponsors, Easter Seals works to ensure that everyone with a disability can attend camp and has access to services they need to make the most of their abilities.
Easter Seals Canada is the largest local provider of programs, services, and development for the disability community. Specifically, the Kol Hope Fund@Easter Seals is focused on helping children with disabilities and their families.
Aside from the camps, other services provided by Easter Seals include providing a wide variety of equipment such as wheelchairs and seating inserts, walkers, home safety equipment and communication devices for children. Family & Community Support helps persons with physical disabilities improve their quality of life through access to supports and service.
"We are truly grateful for... the continued support received through the Kol Hope Fund at Easter Seals. We are honoured to serve Kol's memory by helping to improve and change the lives of kids living with disabilities all across Canada." says Dave Starrett, President of Easter Seals Canada.