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MassGIS (mass.gov/mgis) is the Commonwealth's Office of Geographic and Environmental Information. Some data from MassGIS has been imported into OpenStreetMap.
- 1 Right to Use
- 2 Imported layers
- 2.1 Executive Office of Transportation-OTP Roads Layer
- 2.2 POI Layers
- 2.3 OpenSpace Layer
- 2.4 Hydrology
- 2.5 MBTA Rapid Transit Layer
- 2.6 Bicycle Trails Layer
- 2.7 Town Boundaries from Survey Points Layer
- 2.8 Offshore Town Boundaries and County Boundaries
- 2.9 Building Layer
- 2.10 Tag Cleanup
- 2.11 Addresses
- 3 WMS Server
Right to Use
Note on copyright from e-mail exchange with MassGIS:
- All of our data is paid for by the taxpayers and is therefore in the public domain. We do prefer to be credited though in any publications... When using MassGIS data on maps or in digital applications, source credit should be stated as "Office of Geographic and Environmental Information (MassGIS), Commonwealth of Massachusetts Executive Office of Environmental Affairs".
Imported layers
Please refer to the MassGIS list of available datalayers.
Import status and mappings notes by layer follow.
Executive Office of Transportation-OTP Roads Layer
This layer was imported in 2007.
- MassGis_to_OSM_Attribute_Map Mappings for the EOT-OTP layer by crschmidt
- Message from Brandon points to files (which are no longer available)
- It appears that the user ID "MassGIS Import" was used to upload this data
Three towns were omitted from the initial import for various reasons:
- Freetown (still missing signficant numbers of local roads)
- Gloucester (as of 201203, OSM looks pretty complete)
- Braintree (as of 201203, OSM looks pretty complete)
POI Layers
- Police Stations
- Fire Stations
- Prisons
- Hospitals
- Lighthouses
- Schools
Please add information about these imports.
OpenSpace Layer
- MassGIS Information Page
- MassGis Layer Openspace Information about import
- Chris Schmidt did this 2009-01-04 with polyshp2osm.py.
- Since much of this layer was produced by digitizing paper maps, the areas frequently do not line up with the surrounding streets. The MassGIS L3 imaging layer available in JOSM can be used to refine the imported boundaries.
- Lakes, ponds, and Wetlands were imported December 2010. Only Cape Cod and Charles River were imported by user morganwahl.
- The rest of MA lakes and ponds, but not the wetlands, are being currently imported MassGIS_DEP_Wetlands_Import_2013.
MBTA Rapid Transit Layer
Please add information about this import.
Bicycle Trails Layer
Town Boundaries from Survey Points Layer
Around 201110, Calvin Metcalf imported most of this layer, and then various people edited to resolve minor issues. As of 201203, it is believed that town boundary data in OSM is in pretty good shape. (However, coastline data was not necessarily aligned with town boundary data, this was fixed by importing the offshore town boundary layer in Aug-Sep 2012, see below).
A comprehensive list of boundary relations for each town/city which incorporates the survey points layer (and the offshore layer, below) can be found at: Massachusetts/Boundary Relations.
Offshore Town Boundaries and County Boundaries
As the above survey point layer lacked the offshore boundaries, in Aug-Sep 2012 fiveisalive (on osm, edits, contrib, heatmap, chngset com.) and massDOT (on osm, edits, contrib, heatmap, chngset com.) imported the offshore boundaries only and connecting them up to the onshore town boundary and have adjusted the town relationships and county relationships, accordingly. The tags used for import are: attribution=MassGIS and source=massgis_offshore_town_boundary_import
The MA state boundaries has been fixed to be the outer coastal boundary of all towns/counties. Join the discussion on the Talk:Massachusetts/Boundary Relations talk page. As of early Sep 2012, there is still some checking on all relations to be done. See also: diary entry
Building Layer
- Jan 2009, User crschmidt imported the 290,000 buildings around Boston. No wiki page exists for this import.
- April 2013, the rest of the state MassGIS Buildings Import was completed.
Tag Cleanup
- Best practices for tagging and imports have changed quite a bit since 2009. This project MassGIS Import Tag Cleanup 2013 is going to clean up some tagging issues with the 2009/2010 imports.
- 7/2018 - Import discussion started regarding MassGIS import of Basic Address Data. See more here: Import/Catalogue/MassGIS Addresses
WMS Server
MassGIS provides an WMS server:
Particularly useful are the Color Ortho Imagery. As this data is more recent than aerial photography provided by Yahoo!, it is highly recommended that it be used when mapping the covered areas.
Links for use with JOSM's WMSPlugin:
- 2008 30cm Color Ortho Imagery (north-eastern part of state)
- 2008 15cm Color Ortho Imagery (selected towns)
- 2005 Color Ortho Imagery (whole state)
USGS provides a WMS server with these same layers:
- Service URL for JOSM's WMSPlugin.


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One of the most dramatic ways to transform the appearance of a room is to replace your window coverings. It is a great addition to consider when redecorating as you can use the shades, shutter, or blinds, to alter the lighting and ambiance and match the color and style of the room. There are also many cost saving and environmental reasons for choosing McWherter Window Coverings, as upgrading to energy efficient and better insulating windows can help save on your energy bills, while also keeping the temperature of your home much more stable through the cold winters and hot summers. Our service territory includes The San Francisco bay Area, specifically areas within 30-40 miles of our Pacifica, California headquarters such as Millbrae, Burlingame, Belmont, San Mateo, and Half Moon Bay. The professional staff of McWherter Window Coverings have had over thirty years of experience helping homeowners decide what is right for them, so please contact us today and let us give you a free in home consultation.
McWherter Window Coverings Gary McWherter - Owner Local: 650-359-2643Cell: 650-766-2067Email: email@example.com
© McWherter Window Coverings

subset: commoncrawl


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This question already has an answer here:
- Analytical Badge still showing "FAQ" 2 answers
As of June 2013, this badge is no longer awarded as the FAQ has been changed to the Help Center all across the network
I've just seen this new badge on Stack Overflow, how does it work?
Is it awarded when I've read all section of the FAQ? I've done that but did not earn the badge.


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The last 4-5 weeks, I have felt nothing but baby back & bum when I touch my belly. And of course, I would feel an elbow or knee or something when he'd give me a good jab. But for the most part, his back was pressed up against my tummy, the way he's supposed to be. (anterior baby = good position).
Welp, last night I was woken up at about 1am because I felt this incredible shift in my belly. Like... Fitz was on the move hardcore... something he shouldn't be doing at this stage in pregnancy.
And then it happened....
After a about an hour of him struggling in there, I literally felt him FLIP over. From back to front. I put my hand on my belly and could feel his back/bum disappear and he rolled right over. Next thing I knew... my tummy felt squishier and I was feeling the pitter patter of little feet and hands from the outside of my tummy. That is NOT good. (posterior baby = no bueno).
Here's a little diagram to show you.
|{if you want to know the reason why it matters how they are positioned, click here}
You might remember a post I wrote a few weeks ago about my "birth plan", and in it... I talked about how Bennett was posterior (or "sunny side up") and that resulted in a very stuck baby. Also resulted in an episiotomy, multiple vacuum extraction attempts, 3 hours of pushing, a whole crap load of stress, tears & pain, and a baby that landed in the NICU for 4 hours because of possible internal bleeding on the brain. m not even going to talk about how hard it was to recover from all of that.
I can tell you that at 38 weeks, it really takes a lot of work for a baby to flip around like that. Their head is already nestled in your pelvis, so for them to change positions at this point is really difficult. I'm really sad this happened because I'm terrified of what's to come now. I've already been through it. And yes, it could be much worse - this isn't the end of the world. But I was minutes away from a c-section with Bennett because he just wasn't dropping and progressing the way he needed to because he was sunny side up. :-(
My biggest fear was that I would have to deliver another posterior baby. There are actually quite a few risks involved with delivering this way, not to mention that delivering a baby like this is much more painful... and I'm just scared now.
There's little I can do at this point to get him to rotate back the way he's supposed to. I'm sort of hoping he'll just decide he doesn't like it like that and move back where he belongs.
But according to my OB, a lot of times the reason babies position themselves posterior is because of the way the Mother's pelvis is shaped. So if this is the case for me, little Fitz is staying put from here on out. And I'm in for it.
I'm going to just accept that I might go through something similar at the end of my delivery, as I did with Bennett. But I'm going to try to remain hopeful that maybe, just maybe, this baby will end up anterior and slide right out :-)
I'm sorry if this post stressed anyone out, you can probably tell that I'm kind of afraid of delivering this baby now. But... I can do it. I CAN do it.


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Click Photo to Enlarge
Thick rich red with hot pink undertones. Vegan. Highly pigmented.
Medusa's Make-Up Eye Dust is truly an amazing mineral eye shadow in the form of fine loose powder, think powdered sugar. This all natural mineral eye dust is by far the best in the industry. It glides on the skin like silk and wears well all day long. Each color carries it's own characteristics, some shimmer, sparkle, some have iridescence and many are highly pigmented. Apply "Stick It" to get a more dramatic effect. 1.5 grams net weight.


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How Boko Haram exploits history and memory by Fr. Atta Barkindo
#BringBackOurGirls, abubakar shekau, adamawa, bauchi, Boko Haram, borno, Buhari, Cameroon, Chad, Chibok, Civilian Joint Task Force, history, ideology, Islam, kanem-bornu, Kanem-Bornu empire, kanuri, Lake Chad basin, muhammed yusuf, Multinational Joint Task Force, Niger, Nigeria, northeast Nigeria, northern Nigeria, radical Islam, salafism, sambisa, security, shekau, terrorism, Western education, yobe, yusuf
Fr. Atta Barkindo looks at the ways in which Boko Haram has exploited history and memory to create an ideology grounded in local context.


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Each Sunday youth from 6th-9th grade gather for Spark Discussion group during first service at 10:25 a.m. Currently students are learning more about the person of Jesus through the book of Matthew. Music, refreshments, and prayer and are all part of the Spark experience. Each month the Spark youth go on an outing or outreach. Past outings include professional baseball games, trips to roller rinks, and laser tag. Past outreaches include neighborhood cookouts and a trip to a local nursing home. Contact Chris Waugh at firstname.lastname@example.com with questions.
Back to All Events
Earlier Event: May 27Sunday 10AM Service
Later Event: May 27Sunday 11:30AM Service


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helps control loose stool diarrhea following large bowel removal, originally prescribed as 3 tablets daily, I found that a half or one tabelt taken evening was of great assistance in helping form a nearly normal type stool. treatment used now intermittently over a period of 7 years
I have Ulcerative Colitis, Imodium does not cure the problem and sometimes it make me feel a little uncomfortalbe inside when it first take effect, however, it lets me leave my house and have an almost a normal day, being able to eat as much as I want and not worrying about running to the toilet. I know that when have to go to the toilet im not going to be there all day. I take one table after I go the toilet in the morning and one at lunch ( 2mg)


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Commercial Tree Removal - Inspections
The City of Tampa?s code states that no person shall cut down, remove, relocate, damage, or destroy any protected tree unless approved and permitted by the Construction Services Division. The Inspector will evaluate the tree to determine if it is a protected or non-protected species.
If the tree is determined to be non-protected a permit is not required. However, if a tree evaluation permit has been applied for, an approved permit for removal will be generated by the inspector.
If the tree is determined to be protected species, the inspector will measure the tree to determine if it is a protected size or grand designation. Grand trees measure 34? or greater in width of trunk typically measured at 4.5? above the ground.
If it is determined that the tree is a Grand tree, the request to review it is forwarded to the Parks Department for further processing. The inspector will leave a tree evaluation report explaining not to cut or trim the tree because further evaluation by the City of Tampa arborist at parks will be required.


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NET JRF LIfe Science Coaching in MonoharpurPreparing for JRF with Life Sciences as a Subject is now available and affordable due to Online Coaching through Live Streaming as well as through Video Lecture. Cost of Accommodation in Delhi Like City if too High. If you take part in Regular Classroom Coaching, You have to stay nearby the institute and appear in the classroom from Monday to Friday for 4-5 hours everyday. However if your join weekend programme, you have to visit the Institute for 6-8 hours on Saturday & Sundays. If you belong from remote area and wish to appear in NET JRF Examinations of CSIR using Life Sciences as Subject, Then You can Join our Online Programme
Join Online Coaching of CSIR NET Life Sciences and study seriously with our class notes, study material and test your self using our online test series. All these are helpful to score better marks in upcoming CSIR NET Life Sciences Examination.
We have special Faculty for Problem Solving after the end of classes. You can chat your issues / problems related to subjects and get the solution of your every doubt. We also help meritorious students for their special preparations.
We have some guaranteed batches for JRF & NET as per requirement of students. We enroll only serious students in these classes and call for special lectures if required apart from regular classes.


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The Marionette Collective, also known as MCollective, is a framework for building server orchestration or parallel job-execution systems. Most users programmatically execute administrative tasks on clusters of servers.
Deprecation Note: As of Puppet agent 5.5.4, MCollective is deprecated and will be removed in a future version of Puppet agent. If you use MCollective with Puppet Enterprise, consider moving from MCollective to Puppet orchestrator. If you use MCollective with open source Puppet, consider migrating MCollective agents and filters using tools like Bolt and PuppetDB's Puppet Query Language.
MCollective has some unique strengths for working with large numbers of servers:
- Instead of relying on a static list of hosts to command, it uses metadata-based discovery and filtering. It can use a rich data source like PuppetDB, or can perform real-time discovery across the network.
- Instead of directly connecting to each host (which can be resource-intensive and slow), it uses publish/subscribe middleware to communicate in parallel with many hosts at once.
To get an immediate feel for what this means, check out the videos on the Screencasts page. Then, keep reading below for further information and links.
We've also created a Vagrant-based demo, where you can easily experiment with MCollective.
What is MCollective, and What Does It Allow You to Do?
- Interact with clusters of servers, whether in small groups or very large deployments.
- Use a broadcast paradigm to distribute requests. All servers receive all requests at the same time, requests have filters attached, and only servers matching the filter will act on requests. There is no central asset database to go out of sync, because the network is the only true source.
- Break free from identifying devices through complex host-naming conventions, and instead use a rich set of metadata provided by each machine — from Puppet, Facter, or other sources — to address them.
- Use simple command-line tools to call remote agents.
- Write custom reports about your infrastructure.
- Use agent plugins to manage packages, services, and other common components created by the community.
- Write simple RPC style agents, clients, and web UIs in Ruby.
- Extremely pluggable and adaptable to local needs.
- Leverage rich authentication and authorization models in middleware systems as a first line of control.
- Include fine-grained authentication using SSL or RSA, authorization, and request auditing. For more information, see the Security Overview.
- Re-use middleware features for clustering, routing, and network isolation to realize secure and scalable configurations.
Pluggable Core
MCollective provides a stable core framework that you can build into a system to meet your own needs. MCollective is pluggable in the following areas:
- Replace our STOMP-compliant middleware with your own, such as something AMQP-based.
- Replace our authorization system with one that suits your local needs.
- Replace our Ruby Marshal and YAML-based serialization with your own, such as cross-language JSON Schema.
- Add data sources. It's easy to use Puppet's data, and you can configure or build plugins for other data sources.
- Create a central inventory of services leveraging MCollective as transport that can regularly run and distribute inventory data.
MCollective is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.
Next Steps and Further Reading
Introductory and Tutorial Pages
- See it in action in our Screencasts.
- Read the Overview of Components to understand MCollective's basic structure.
- Use the Vagrant Demo Environment to try MCollective.
- See the Standard Deployment Getting Started Guide to install and deploy MCollective in your own infrastructure.
- Read the Terminology page if you see any words where the meaning in the context of MCollective is not clear.
- Read the change log and release notes to see how MCollective has developed.
- Learn how to write basic node reports for your servers.
- Learn how to write simple agents and clients using our Simple RPC Framework.
- MCollective's author has several blog posts about MCollective.
- Subscribe and post questions to the mailing list.
Internal References and Developer Docs
- Finding it hard to do something complex with Simple RPC? See Writing Agents for what lies underneath.
- Role based security, authentication and authorization using ActiveMQ.
- Structure of Request and Reply messages.