text: It's All Politics Romney's Foreign Trip Hits Right Note For Some, Potholes For Others July 30, 2012 Mitt Romney's trip abroad accomplished some of what he wanted. In Israel he delivered a hawkish pro-Israel message of support for the conservative government meant to appeal to those U.S. Jews skeptical of President Obama. But his trip also had missteps, notably in Britain but not only there.

subset: commoncrawl


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By Tracee Davis on Sat 09/08/2012 05:00am
Posted in
Governor Matt Mead released a statement Friday saying he thinks the de-listing of the Wyoming gray wolf from the Endangered Species List has been a long time coming.
Over the last decade, the wolf population in the state has more than doubled the target population. Mead suggested the wolves were protected for so long due to political reasons.
Eighty-six percent of wolves in the state live inside national parks and reservations, and will be closely regulated when the hunting season opens Oct. 1. Wolves in other areas of the state are considered predator animals, and may be killed without a license.


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Okay. Reality is starting to fade and I just saw a film called Reality. I am now 24 movies into my Film Festival experience and I've lost all sense of what is scripted and what isn't. It feels good.
On Tuesday afternoon I took in the found-footage horror anthology V/H/S, which I was greatly looking forward to. On the whole, the film didn't disappoint, with some degree of inventiveness present in at least the set-up of all the stories: One plays out over a Skype conversation, while another utilises a first-person camera hidden in a pair of glasses.
The wrap-around story in which some dodgy dudes break into a mysterious house and end up watching a bunch of weird videotapes they find, is pretty cool. And the handycam look ensures a sense of plausible unease hangs over the entire film, even when some of the stories culminate conventionally.
He may be starting to resemble old school horror icon Rondo Hatton, but Woody Harrelson gives the performance of his career as an eloquent, corrupt, martini-swilling and cigarette-chugging LAPD cop in the dark drama Rampart, which I saw on Tuesday night.
Co-written by director Oren Moverman (who directed Harrelson to an Oscar nomination in 2010's The Messenger) and legendary crime novelist James Ellroy (LA Confidential, The Black Dahlia), it's a dense, unflinching film with a raft of welcome stylistic flourishes that recall Martin Scorsese's Bringing Out The Dead.
Even though it's set in 1999, it's the first film to really capture the moral haze of Ellroy's Los Angeles in a contemporary context, besting earlier Ellroy-scripted efforts like Dark Blue (2002) and Street Kings (2008). The heavyweight supporting cast (Steve Buscemi, Sigourney Weaver, the great Ned Beatty, among others) does a great job of texturing the universe of the film.
I was very much ready for some lighter fare when I attended Liberal Arts on Wednesday afternoon, and the charmingly understated dramedy didn't disappoint.
How I Met Your Mother star Josh Radnor wrote, directed and stars in the film as a 35-year-old man who faces a moral quandary when a 19-year-old student at his alma matter (played by nascent starlet Elizabeth Olsen) attempts to pursue a relationship with him.
It's familiar cinematic territory, and I can't help but be suspicious of any director who casts himself as the object of a beautiful young woman's affections (except Woody Allen), but the film works. Radnor isn't the most dynamic lead actor ever, but his blank stare is reasonably effective here and his character's thought process comes through empathetically.
Olsen, meanwhile, radiates wisdom beyond her years while remaining true to her character's naivety and Richard Jenkins (The Visitor, Six Feet Under) is fantastic as Radnor's retiring mentor. This is just the kind of nice, small film that we most likely wouldn't get a chance to see on the big screen if it weren't for the Film Festival. I'm really glad I took it in.
Things took on a more surreal quality later than evening when I attended the aforementioned Reality, the new film from Italian director Matteo Garrone, who made a big splash a few years ago at the Film Festival with his previous film, the searing crime drama Gomorrah.
Reality focuses on Luciano, an enthusiastic young family man from Naples who tries out for reality TV sensation Big Brother. When he makes it through to the second round of interviews, Luciano gets waaay ahead of himself and starts re-adjusting his life and family to accommodate his impending stardom. He inevitably loses all sense of you-know-what.
The film is full of heavily protracted tracking shots that locate the viewer right in the middle of the action while creating a palpable sense of place. The opening shot is one of the most dazzling long-takes I've ever seen in a movie, and I'm still trying to work out how the filmmakers achieved it.
Luciano is the kind of dreamer that seems right at home in the movies, but Garrone lays out the real-world implications of his actions to devastating (and often hilarious) effect. The Fellini-esque qualities promised by the festival guide only pop up momentarily, but there's no shortage of classic Italian cinematic theatricality here.
My first true endurance test of the festival came in the form of Julia Loktev's The Loneliest Planet, which stars pint-sized heart-throb Gael Garcia Bernal (Y Tu Mama Tambien) and Hani Furstenberg as an engaged couple backpacking through Georgia.
After they pay a local guide to take them through the stunning Caucasus mountains, a tense incident halfway through the trek sheds light on their relationship. I thought the shots in Reality were pretty protracted, but that's practically a Michael Bay film compared the glacial progression of the scenes in The Loneliest Planet.
This is the first time I ever felt like a film was giving me the silent treatment. See our lead couple dismantle a tent in thrilling real time! See three tiny figures enter a still wide shot on the left of the screen, gently amble across the frame, then exit out the right-hand-side five minutes later! Six or seven times!
The mountains were pretty amazing to behold, but there's only about 10 minutes of actual things happening in this film, and very little of what surrounded those things felt like it had a role to play in the overall story. Maybe it's movie fatigue, but The Loneliest Planet really tried my patience.
Later on Thursday, I attended the Auckland screening of the Peter Jackson-produced doco West of Memphis. After Jackson introduced the film, he took his seat just a couple of rows in front of me. I resisted the urge to tap him on the shoulder and ask what him his favourite Ray Harryhausen creature is and instead sat back and took in the two and a half hour film about the West Memphis Three.
The film is a devastating and clear illustration of a severe miscarriage of justice, and watching it is equal parts maddening and inspiring. As Sir Peter explained in his introduction, West of Memphis came about when Jackson and Fran Walsh saw the 1996 documentary Paradise Lost on DVD in 2005 and began corresponding with Lorri Davis, the wife of Damian Echols - who at that point was on death row for triple murder.
Walsh and Jackson began financially contributing to Echols' defence efforts, and when a judge threw out all the new evidence they had gathered, they hired director Amy Berg to present their findings in a documentary.
As powerful as the film was, what came across most on the night was the strength of the bond between Jackson and Echols. In the lengthy Q&A that followed the screening (Sir Peter got a standing ovation, natch), both Jackson and Echols spoke eloquently and movingly about the journey that had brought them here. Sir Peter Jackson really is the greatest dude ever.
There's only three days of the film festival to go, but plenty of awesome movies still to screen. Check back here next week for my final batch of reviews and a summation of my experience.
* How's your film festival going? Did you catch any of the above? Thoughts? Comment below!
Follow Dominic Corry on Twitter.


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Visiting SUNY New Paltz improved to 13-0 and 7-0 in the SUNY Athletic Conference with an overtime win. Alex McCullough scored seven of her 18 points in overtime and added 14 rebounds and seven blocks.
Kahsyrah Bryant had 12 points and 12 rebounds and Michelle Valle scored 11 for the Hawks.
Goshen grad Kathleen Payne scored 11 for Plattsburgh (8-6, 4-3).
Matt Devine scored 22 points for SUNY New Paltz in a conference road loss.
Shereef Taylor had 13 points and 10 rebounds for New Paltz (6-8, 4-3 SUNYAC).


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News tips and events for the week of Nov. 18
Building in room 250, 2120 Fyffe Road, Ohio State, Columbus, Ohio. The event will answer the question, "If ... phosphorus enough to meet the targets set by the United States and Canada?" The event will include remarks ... events, and shopping, which leave us with even less time for healthy lifestyle habits such as exercise, ...
Media Advisory: Ohio State food safety center to hold food safety forum Nov. 14
priorities?" Where: Drake Performance and Event Center, 1849 Cannon Drive, on Ohio State's Columbus campus ... Kowalcyk said. For its inaugural event, the center is holding a food safety panel discussion featuring: ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention "This kickoff event celebrates our new status as a center at ...
Chow Line: How to handle diabetes during the holidays
gatherings, social events, and shopping, which leave us with even less time for healthy lifestyle habits such ... holidays, OSU Extension offers a Take Charge of Your Diabetes During the Holidays class, where you'll learn ... celebrations. This free class is held at the Franklin County office of OSU Extension, at the Kunz-Brundige ...
Awards and recognitions
in Michigan, including by bringing the largest graduate student delegation to the event. Research ... known informally as the "Borlaug Dialogue," held Oct. 16–18 in Des Moines, Iowa. The event brought ... food security and nutrition. The theme of the event was "Pax Agricultura: Peace Through Agriculture." ...
Converge on 'Wicked Systems Problems' Nov. 18 in Columbus
example, the climate crisis, food security, air pollution, and algal blooms. Panelists at the event will ... sociology at Iowa State University's College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. The event runs from 1–3 p.m. ...
CD Wire- November 18, 2019
(learn.extension.org) to view and register for upcoming webinar sessions. Please share these events with others who may ... filmmakers and one of the rural health providers featured in the film. Attendees at this event can download ...
CHAIRE Inaugural Research Symposium
human-animal interactions research. This is a free event and all interested in the area of human-animal ...
Processed Meats Product Show
The Processed Meats (MEATSCI 4510) class will present its final products on Wednesday, December 4, ... products produced by the class throughout the year, including: various types of jerky, loafs, ham, and ...
New food safety center, part of CFAES, to hold kickoff event Nov. 14
hold an inaugural event called "Translating Science Into Policy and Practice: What Are the Food Safety ... Priorities?" from 1–6:30 p.m. Nov. 14 at the Drake Performance and Event Center, 1849 Cannon Drive, on the ... Columbus campus. The event will include a food safety panel discussion featuring Mindy Brashears, PhD, ...
How Alisha Barton started a wave of kindness


text:
I never tire of receiving cookware samples to review, so when a box arrived and was sitting on my desk I couldn't wait to open it. Inside I was happy to find a Manpan stir fry wok.
If you've never heard of ManPans before then you're not the only one. We have been running this website for a few years now and it was only when a representative of the company contacted us that we found out about them.
So who are they? Well, ManPans is a brand of Lloyd Industries and Lloyd Industries supply commercial cookware to restaurants and commercial kitchens. However, their Manpan line of cookware has been developed with the specific purpose of supplying chef quality pans to consumers.
First Impressions…
As I lifted the pan out of the box I was surprised at how light it was. I am so used to cookware like All Clad and Cuisinart Multiclad where the clad bases make the pans feel solid and weighty.
My other initial reaction was that the pan looked a bit rough around the edges. Almost as if it hadn't been packaged properly and had scuffed during transport.
Okay not a good start, but stay with me here as although these were my initial thoughts, there are explanations for each of them…and things only got better from there.
What's in the Box
We received a 10in stir fry pan with a steamer and lid. Both the lid and steamer can be purchased separately.
Where is it made?
It's not very often that you find a pan that is manufactured in the US but this is one of them. This pan is made in Spokane, WA USA.
What is it made of?
Many will be pleased to know that this pan is 100% PTFE and Teflon-free!!
The pan is constructed from hard anodized aluminum so it conducts heat well and means you don't need to use high temperatures to cook.
Amazing Non-Scratch Surface!!!
The surface of the pan is coated with what the company calls Gem-X2 which they describe as a two layer sapphire/quartz-like natural mineral finish. Apparently it is resistant to scratching, chipping and flaking. They are so sure of the high standard of the finish that they claim that you can rub a coin across the coating and it will not scratch the surface and in fact, it will wear down the coin instead. I found this a bit too good to be true but decided to take up the challenge and give it a go.
This was harder than I thought…I hate to see cookware with scratches but for the sake of this review, I knew I had to do it. So out came the coin and away I went scratching at the surface. I tried it first on the bottom surface of the steamer as I didn't want to ruin the pan itself.
It was pretty amazing actually. After a lot of effort with the coin, the surface did have what looked scratches although they were quite faint. BUT as soon as I rubbed the scratches with a damp cloth they disappeared. I did it again and again and scratched even harder but each time the scratches just rubbed off. In fact they just came off by rubbing the area with my thumb.
I then tried it on the pan itself and had the same result.
I checked the pan a day later to see if the scratches 'suddenly reappeared' but no they were gone for good and in fact I couldn't even find the spot where the scratches were to begin with.
And for those that need to see the results take a look at the pics below:
The Shape
The pan has deep curved sides and is not as open as the tradtional style wok that we are used to …but we need to remember that we are looking at an American style wok here not a traditional wok… so we won't get into comparisons between the two.
However, for those that aren't aware, a traditional wok has a wide opening and a small handle on each side. The bottom is curved and requires a stand for it to sit secure on the stove top. An American style wok, on the other hand, is known as a stir fry pan. It has a flat base and one long handle and sometimes a handle helper. So although they are basically designed to do the same job they are quite different in their construction.
I find that this is a great pan to move food around in as the sides are deep and curved. It is surprising just how much food you can fit into this 10in pan. And the flat bottom ensures that the pan stays secure on the stove top.
Does it generate enough heat?
The goal for any stir fry pan or wok is to generate a lot of heat. This is so foods cook quickly and evenly – a low heat tends to cause the foods to stew in their own juices which means that the meat can become tough and vegetables soggy and unpalatable. For this reason we really wanted to focus on this aspect of the pan to ensure it made the grade. If it didn't there really was no point reviewing any further.
So what did we find?
We're happy to say that the pan did exceptionally well in the heat department. I actually used my own stovetop for testing. And we used it on a hot plate that is renowned for not generating a lot of heat so we were surprised that the pan did so well. The pan got hot quickly and maintained good solid heat the entire time.
I would tend to think that because this pan doesn't have a thick base is what makes the difference here. It means the pan heats up quickly and maintains the heat during the cooking process.
Can it be used on a ceramic stove top?
Yes definitely – the pan is safe to use on ceramic stove tops.
Can I use the Manpan in the oven?
Yes, these pans are oven safe to an amazing 700F…not that there are many home ovens that get anywhere near to that temperature but at least the option is there if you need it. Just be aware however that the lid is only oven safe to 400F.
What is the handle like?
The handles stay cool on the stovetop but ensure that you use oven gloves if using in the oven as they will get hot. It also feels quite comfortable to hold.
Beauty Marks…
As I mentioned in the opening paragraph, this pan arrived with what looked like scuff marks. You can see an example of what I mean in the image. These were examples of marks found on the steamer but there were also minor marks on the pan itself.
I attributed it to poor packaging, however on checking the manpan website I found the following:
"We believe the Gem-X2 finish quality of our pans gives you the most beautiful cooking results imaginable. Our exclusive manufacturing process leaves an occasional harmless streak, smudge or rack mark on the cookware and we don't overfinish them with unnecessary pretty coatings. We call these our "beauty marks"."
I guess when your priority is to supply cookware for industrial applications where the performance of the cookware is the top priority then a few 'beauty marks' on the final look of the cookware isn't an issue.
This may work with those in the industry but I just wonder about home cooks. I must admit that I was initially disappointed at seeing the scuff marks but on the other hand I quickly got over it after using the pan and assessing its performance.
Being eco-friendly is definitely something this company is good at. Here's what they had to say about their cookware:
"Since we manufacture, anodize and finish all our pans in one US location, we save carbon by reducing transportation. Our anodizing process is very clean both in sewage and air quality and receives high marks from the Washington State Department of Ecology. Our finishing technology contains no petroleum products, no PFE or PFOA, is water based and completely non-reactive. From manufacturing to our finished product, we are truly embracing the most eco-friendly cookware available."
You can read more about it here…Man Pan Eco Green Manufacturing
Does it come with a warranty?
Yes, the pan comes with a lifetime warranty for any defects in material and workmanship. Plus if you aren't happy with the pan for any reason you can return it in 30 days for a refund.
Our Final Analysis
If you're looking for perfection then you may be disappointed if the pan happens to turn up with minor scuff marks or discolortions. People tend to expect everything to be just right when they purchase something new so I can only think that this may be an issue for some. Just be aware that this in no way detracts from the ability of this pan to do the job intended.
Overall if you are looking for a green eco friendly pan that stir frys exceptionally well then we definitely recommend this pan. It's strong but light, it looks good, feels good and does a beautiful job at generating the required amount of heat for cooking stir frys.
Recommended Links
>Watch a Video to see the pan in action – ManPan Videos
>Read more about Manpan Eco Green Manufacturing
>The Manpan Homepage
>Read more about the ManPan Stirfry Pan.
>Check out prices here.


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Browse shared files on another PC?(Solved)
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Posted: Thu 11 Aug 2005, 07:07
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Browse shared files on another PC?(Solved)
Hi all, another question if I may...
I have tried searching for this but can't find it so if somebody just wants to point me to a thread where it's answered, that'd be cool too.
I've got my puppy running, and I have a shared folder on my windows PC that I want to view.
If I go to LinNeighbourhood I can see the windows PC in the network.
But I can't seem to browse the shared files anywhere? Typing wither the PC name or the IP address in to mozilla returns that the location could not be found. And I don't even know where to look in the file manager!
Any help greatly apreciated, thanks in advance
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Posted: Thu 11 Aug 2005, 07:17
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LinNeighbourhood lets you browse the network and mount shares...just expand the tree and you'll see
mozilla wont do it as SMB (samba windows shares) and http are completely different animals
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Posted: Thu 11 Aug 2005, 07:30
Post subject:
Ah, perhaps this is where the problem lies then.
In the LinNeighbourhood window I can see the PC, but there's no + symbol next to it, I take it there should be?
Any ideas why I wouldn't be able to see the shared files in that?
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Joined: 07 Aug 2005
Posts: 4722
Location: Southeast Georgia, USA
Posted: Thu 11 Aug 2005, 11:27
Post subject:
Anonymous wrote:
Ah, perhaps this is where the problem lies then.
In the LinNeighbourhood window I can see the PC, but there's no + symbol next to it, I take it there should be?
Any ideas why I wouldn't be able to see the shared files in that?
Check to be sure that the folders and their contents have been made shared.
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Joined: 08 May 2005
Posts: 294
Location: Albany, NY
Posted: Thu 11 Aug 2005, 20:41
Post subject:
I'll have to update my web page on this. It was referenced in Puppy's help files on LinNeighborhood. Some things have changed.
If the Windows directories are tagged as shared, then you should be ok.
Try highlighting the apparent Windows share with the mouse, right click and just pick "mount" then "OK." See if they come up.If so, double click the designated drive. The one that says (as an example) "D" not the one that says D$.
If you do not get the shares, you have to probe the Windows box first.
Look for the button on the top of LinNeigborhood that says "add."
Click on this. You will get a dialog window.
If you know that Windows is say, MSHOME, fill this in, then click on the probe button for the address. See if it fills in an ip address. If so, your in business.
Then try to mount the shares with the right click on the share in the dialog window (it should say the name of the Windows box) and click "OK" to mount the share, as noted above. If it is a true shared drive, then Rox should open it.
If I remember correctly, the shares are mounted in /root/mnt. You can use Rox to navigate there, if Rox is not set in LinNeighborhood to use Rox by default. If it is not, you can set LinNeigborhood to use Rox by default.
I love it when a plan comes together
--Hannibal Smith
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Joined: 11 Aug 2005
Posts: 3
Posted: Fri 12 Aug 2005, 05:18
Post subject:
Thanks both for your help.
I've managed to suss this with a bit of random point-and-click.
What I had to do was right click on the computer upon which the shares were held and then click "scan as user", and then click OK in the box tyhat came up for username/password etc (obviously leaving the username as root and the password blank).
All the rescanning / left clicking / add-ing etc makes no difference until this is done for some reason
puppy n00b
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Joined: 21 Aug 2005
Posts: 1
Posted: Sun 21 Aug 2005, 22:46
Post subject:
I have successfully browsed an added Samba mounts this way to connect to shares on my Windows boxes. I'd like to store this connect so that I don't have to setup the mounts everytimes I log in.
When I elect to save the mounts and then shutdown the computer, Puppy rights its RAM disk back to my puppy001 file, as expected. However, it tries to browse my mounts and then save the contents of the mounts on the USB! Eeek. 800GB of shared mounts is not going to fit on my 256MB USB drive
Is there a way around this unfortunate side effect? How can I create my Samba mounts once, so that there are automatically created when restart the box?
I'm boting Puppy off a USB. The device has no hard drive or CD-ROM, and I'm *hoping* I can keep it that way.
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Washburn Guitars Presents the WCG25SCE Acoustic/Electric Guitar
Washburn Guitars introduces the WCG25SCE acoustic/electric guitar. The newest addition to the Comfort Series is highlighted by deluxe features and stunning visual appeal.
The WCG25SCE is a Grand Auditorium style acoustic/electric guitar with a venetian cutaway for superior upper fret access. A highlight of the Comfort Series is the beveled top at the lower bout and, in the case of the WCG25SCE, the bevel becomes part of the beautiful mahogany binding. The guitar features a book matched solid Sitka spruce top, rosewood back and sides, mahogany/maple bound body and headstock. The mahogany neck has a rosewood fingerboard devoid of inlays and in tandem with the mahogany bound rosewood bridge adds an aura of understated elegance. A maple/mahogany/maple strip splits the book matched rosewood back as well. The rosewood capped headstock features a pearl inlaid Washburn logo and stylized W as well as Washburn branded die cast tuners with ebonite buttons. The gorgeous rosette is made of alternating maple and mahogany.
The WCG25SCE is a fantastic sounding acoustic guitar on its own but the addition of premium Fishman electronics makes for an outstanding stage performance guitar. The Fishman 501T is an integrated tuner/mic/under saddle pickup combo for versatile amplified tonal shaping.
The WCG25SCE is an amazing acoustic/electric guitar as well as an outstanding value. Suggested Retail Price is $1069.90.


text:
Contact Us
Contact Caroline Yung
Caroline Yung is a free-lance photographer and blogger based in Canada.
She recently spent fifteen months beginning in 2013, traveling, living and dancing her way through Central America; from Cuba to Nicaragua and back again.
CY-IWANDER is a blog on travel and latin dance including Cuban rumba, casino, and salsa, as well as a photographic journey of time spent living in Latin America, with detailed information on the best spots to visit in Guatemala, Cuba and Mexico.
CY-IWANDER | , Ottawa


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Gus Macker 3-on-3 Charity Basketball Tournament
June 20-21, 2020
Every year, around 800 teams descend upon Ludington to compete at Stearns Park, with thousands more coming as spectators.
The popularity of the Ludington Gus Macker is partly due to its location--basketball hoops are set up along Lakeshore Drive and Stearns Outer Drive, with Lake Michigan just steps away. The view, the cool breezes, and the expansive beach provide the perfect setting for the heated competition. It is usually the largest Macker tournament in the United States.
To register or find more information, visit macker.com.
History of the Ludington Gus MackerThe tournament was born back in 1974 in Lowell, Michigan. Scott McNeal (alias Gus Macker) got together with 18 friends and $18 to play a friendly 3-on-3 basketball game in his parent's driveway. The tournament continued to grow, and due to the tremendous interest from outside communities, it took to the road and moved its home base from Lowell to Belding in 1987. Today, Macker is played in outdoor and indoor courts in over 75 cities throughout the country, drawing over 200,000 players and 1.7 million spectators. But even with this growth, it continues to feel like a "hometown" game. The Gus Macker tournament is always a wholesome activity for all ages and talent levels.
2018 marked the 27th anniversary of Gus Macker in Ludington. Because of its longevity and beautiful location, the Ludington Gus Macker Committee and the Ludington & Scottville Chamber of Commerce were inducted into the Gus Macker Hall of Fame in 2018.
Gus Macker Community DonationsIn the 27 years of Macker in Ludington, over $300,000 has been returned to the area's schools to purchase uniforms and equipment. These teams donate their time in setting up hoops, fences, and cleaning up. In order to make the tournament run smoothly, nearly 400 other volunteers are needed, from checking-in participants to being a Gus Buster.
Check out Ludington Lodging for places to stay during Gus Macker and Ludington Restaurants for great places to eat.
More Summer Events in Ludington...
- Pere Marquette Lake Trail
- Ludington Offshore Fishing Tournament
- Friday Night Live Continues in Downtown Ludington
- Downtown Ludington's Sidewalk Sales
- Used Book Sales in Ludington, Manistee & Hart
- Pentwater Cruise Ins Car Show
- Arcadia Daze
- Kaleva Days
- Western Michigan Fair in Ludington
- Rhythm & Dunes Summer Concert Series
- Enjoy Music at HomeGrown Saturdays during the Summer in Manistee
- Tour the S.S. City of Milwaukee & US Coast Guard Cutter Acacia in Manistee
- Summer Guest Presenters at the Ludington State Park
- Gold Coast Artisan Fair in Ludington
- Suds on the Shore Craft Beer & Wine Tasting Festival
- Ludington State Park Weekly Programs
- Sandcastles Children's Museum Offers Great Opportunities for Learning and Play
- 2019 Oceana County Festivals and Events
- Mason County Car Shows
- The Ludington Area Jaycees: Building Young Leaders Since 1947
Discover Ludington...
- Frequently Asked Questions About Ludington
- Port of Ludington Maritime Museum
- History Comes Alive at Historic White Pine Village
- Downtown Ludington Map with Business Locations
- Discover Ludington State Park Trails for Hiking, Biking, Canoeing & Cross Country Skiing
- Father Jacques Marquette Shrine
- Lake Winds Energy Park
- Art Scene in the Ludington Area
- Visit Downtown Ludington!
- Your Pet is Welcome in the Ludington Area!
- Ludington Area Center for the Arts
- Sandcastles Children's Museum Offers Great Opportunities for Learning and Play
- Move to Ludington...Living Here is Great!
- The Ludington Area Jaycees: Building Young Leaders Since 1947
- Birthday Parties are a Blast at Sandcastles Children's Museum!
- Take a Self-Guided Tour of the Mason County Cultural Trails
- Cool Things to do in Ludington
- Great Food....Ludington Style!
- Street Pianos Bring Music to Downtown Ludington
- Putt-Putt for a Purpose at the Ludington Area Jaycees Mini Golf
For more activities & attractions, check out these additional links for Things to Do in West Michigan:
Ludington Activities & Things to Do -- Play on a beautiful beach, take a tour at Historic White Pine Village, or explore the barn quilt trail, murals or sculptures in the county--Ludington offers many fun things to do for the entire family!
Have Fun in Manistee, Michigan -- Explore Manistee's historic downtown district and riverwalk, hike the Manistee National Forest, canoe on the Manistee River, and more.
Hamlin Lake -- Just 4 miles north of Ludington, Hamlin Lake is a great destination for boating, fishing and climbing dunes! The Hamlin Lake shoreline is also part of the Ludington State Park.
Silver Lake Sand Dunes -- Visiting the Silver Lake Sand Dunes makes for a terrific vacation because you can take your off-road vehicle for a spin on the scenic sand dunes overlooking Lake Michigan and Silver Lake.
Things to Do in Pentwater, Michigan -- Nothing is quite like the quaint, artsy, harbortown village of Pentwater. Don't miss the popular Charles Mears State Park beach on Pentwater's Lake Michigan shoreline.
Lots of Activities in Scottville, Michigan -- Explore the Riverside Park along the National Scenic Pere Marquette River.
Canoeing or Fishing on the Pere Marquette River -- Many boat liveries offer canoe rentals.
Also, check out West Michigan Guides and our locally produced WestMichigan.MichBiz.com directory for our largest lists of Things to Do in West Michigan.
More Ludington Information...
- Frequently Asked Questions About Ludington
- Port of Ludington Maritime Museum
- History Comes Alive at Historic White Pine Village
- Downtown Ludington Map with Business Locations
- Discover Ludington State Park Trails for Hiking, Biking, Canoeing & Cross Country Skiing
- Father Jacques Marquette Shrine
- Lake Winds Energy Park
- Art Scene in the Ludington Area
- Visit Downtown Ludington!
- Your Pet is Welcome in the Ludington Area!


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Metadata Report for BODC Series Reference Number 1053796
Metadata Summary
Problem Reports
Data Access Policy
Narrative Documents
Project Information
Data Activity or Cruise Information
Fixed Station Information
BODC Quality Flags
SeaDataNet Quality Flags
Metadata Summary
Data Description
Data Identifiers
Time Co-ordinates(UT)
Spatial Co-ordinates
Problem Reports
Problem Report
Beam attenuance
The transmissometers suffered from operational difficulties due to the high temperature; casts 38 to 54 appeared to be affected, and users should take account of quality control flags. Where data are binned to 1 decibar, there will be large sections of these casts where the data are null, due to the absence of good quality data for each bin.
There were no air/dark readings supplied from the cruise and the values generated from the instrument voltage based on manufacturer's readings are frequently larger than would be expected. The absolute attenuation values are therefore questionable but the relative profile should be reliable except for profiles where hysteresis was a problem.
The transmissometer has been calibrated with pure water as the reference for 100% transmission and therefore beam attenuation values in clear water should be close to 0 m-1. Chelsea Instruments advise that ALPHAtracka is calibrated at the factory at 20°C in distilled water with an electrical conductivity less than one µS cm-1 and filtered to better than 5 µm and that it is possible that the user will encounter water which is purer than that used during the calibration. The attenuance data will need further offset correction relative to the profile minimum values to bring them in line with recognised values. Whether this should be done for the dataset as a whole or on a cast by cast basis is for the user to decide based on their requirements. The absolute attenuation values are therefore questionable but the relative profile should be reliable except for profiles where hysteresis was a problem.
RSS James Clark Ross Cruise AMT14 CTD Data Quality Document
Fluorescence (Chelsea Technology Group (CTG) Aquatracka MKIII fluorometer)
The nominal chlorophyll-a values have been calculated from the CTG Aquatracka MKIII fluorometer data (with manufacturer's calibration applied) from the up-cast at bottle firing and the fluorometric chlorophyll-a data from sampled bottles. The sampling strategy for the extracted chlorophyll-a dataset used to calibrate the fluorometer focused on the upper water column, therefore the calibration is biased towards these depths. The calibration may not be as reliable below depths ~150m. All values outside the range of the parameter were flagged 'M'. Where previous 'T' flags were overwritten, the original flagged data are available on request. The chlorophyll channels are constant for cast AMT14_11, however this is a shallow cast at around 300 m, so is unlikely the sensor would have been removed. Casts AMT14_01, AMT14_12 and AMT14_13 were very noisy and the 1Hz data were heavily flagged based on comparison with upcast data. Data from these profiles should be used with caution.
Some spikes in the data were flagged on series AMT14_08, AMT14_66, AMT14_71 and AMT14_88.
Downwelling and upwelling sub-surface PAR irradiance
The downwelling and upwelling PAR channels in series AMT14_14 are constant. This is not a particularly shallow cast at around 1000 m depth but this cast was taken at night. Upwelling and downwelling PAR sensors were only deployed on shallow casts. The downwelling profiles show some variablility for the shallower part of the profile, which may be a result of shading from the vessel.
Cyclops 7 fluorometer voltage (FVLTPELN)
No calibration details were provided so only the raw voltage is available. Data are only available from 08 May 2004 (cast AMT_026 onwards) when the sensor was added in place of the PAR upwelling sensor. The profiles have been flagged for noise in surface waters.
Cast AMT14_87 the quality of the salinity profile is poor, although most bad data and spikes have been flagged prior to binning, users should be advised that the profile should be used with caution.
The profiles have been flagged for noise and spikes but are generally of good quality.
For all channels, cast 11 has bad data in the upper 15 db.
Data Access Policy
Open Data supplied by Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)
You must always use the following attribution statement to acknowledge the source of the information: "Contains data supplied by Natural Environment Research Council."
Narrative Documents
Sea-Bird Dissolved Oxygen Sensor SBE 43 and SBE 43F
The SBE 43 is a dissolved oxygen sensor designed for marine applications. It incorporates a high-performance Clark polarographic membrane with a pump that continuously plumbs water through it, preventing algal growth and the development of anoxic conditions when the sensor is taking measurements.
Two configurations are available: SBE 43 produces a voltage output and can be incorporated with any Sea-Bird CTD that accepts input from a 0-5 volt auxiliary sensor, while the SBE 43F produces a frequency output and can be integrated with an SBE 52-MP (Moored Profiler CTD) or used for OEM applications. The specifications below are common to both.
|Plastic or titanium
0.5 mil- fast response, typical for profile applications
1 mil- slower response, typical for moored applications
|Depth rating
600 m (plastic) or 7000 m (titanium)
10500 m titanium housing available on request
|Measurement range
|120% of surface saturation
|Initial accuracy
|2% of saturation
|Typical stability
|0.5% per 1000 h
Further details can be found in the manufacturer's specification sheet.
James Clarke Ross Cruise AMT14 CTD Instrumentation
The CTD unit was a Sea-Bird Electronics 911plus system, with dissolved oxygen sensor. The CTD was fitted with a transmissometer, a fluorometer, down and up welling PAR sensors. All instruments were attached to a Sea-Bird SBE 32 carousel. The table below lists more detailed information about the various sensors.
|Serial Number
|Pressure transducer
|Digiquartz temperature compensated pressure sensor
|Conductivity sensor 1
|Conductivity sensor 2
|Temperature sensor 1
|Temperature sensor 2
|Dissolved oxygen
|Chelsea MkII Alphatracka
|0.25 m path
|Chelsea MkIII Aquatracka
|PAR - upwelling
|Chelsea PAR sensor
|PAR - downwelling
|Chelsea PAR sensor
|Light Back-Scatter
|Sea Tech Light Scatter Sensor
Change of sensors during cruise: The upwelling PAR sensor was replaced with a Turner Design Cyclops-7 fluorometer (s/n 'n/a' calibration date 'n/a') on 8th May 2004.
Sampling device
Rosette sampling system equipped with 24 x 20 l sampling bottles (manufactured by Ocean Test Equipment Inc.).
Sea-Bird Electronics SBE 911 and SBE 917 series CTD profilers
The SBE 911 and SBE 917 series of conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) units are used to collect hydrographic profiles, including temperature, conductivity and pressure as standard. Each profiler consists of an underwater unit and deck unit or SEARAM. Auxiliary sensors, such as fluorometers, dissolved oxygen sensors and transmissometers, and carousel water samplers are commonly added to the underwater unit.
Underwater unit
The CTD underwater unit (SBE 9 or SBE 9 plus) comprises a protective cage (usually with a carousel water sampler), including a main pressure housing containing power supplies, acquisition electronics, telemetry circuitry, and a suite of modular sensors. The original SBE 9 incorporated Sea-Bird's standard modular SBE 3 temperature sensor and SBE 4 conductivity sensor, and a Paroscientific Digiquartz pressure sensor. The conductivity cell was connected to a pump-fed plastic tubing circuit that could include auxiliary sensors. Each SBE 9 unit was custom built to individual specification. The SBE 9 was replaced in 1997 by an off-the-shelf version, termed the SBE 9 plus, that incorporated the SBE 3 plus (or SBE 3P) temperature sensor, SBE 4C conductivity sensor and a Paroscientific Digiquartz pressure sensor. Sensors could be connected to a pump-fed plastic tubing circuit or stand-alone.
Temperature, conductivity and pressure sensors
The conductivity, temperature, and pressure sensors supplied with Sea-Bird CTD systems have outputs in the form of variable frequencies, which are measured using high-speed parallel counters. The resulting count totals are converted to numeric representations of the original frequencies, which bear a direct relationship to temperature, conductivity or pressure. Sampling frequencies for these sensors are typically set at 24 Hz.
The temperature sensing element is a glass-coated thermistor bead, pressure-protected inside a stainless steel tube, while the conductivity sensing element is a cylindrical, flow-through, borosilicate glass cell with three internal platinum electrodes. Thermistor resistance or conductivity cell resistance, respectively, is the controlling element in an optimized Wien Bridge oscillator circuit, which produces a frequency output that can be converted to a temperature or conductivity reading. These sensors are available with depth ratings of 6800 m (aluminium housing) or 10500 m (titanium housing). The Paroscientific Digiquartz pressure sensor comprises a quartz crystal resonator that responds to pressure-induced stress, and temperature is measured for thermal compensation of the calculated pressure.
Additional sensors
Optional sensors for dissolved oxygen, pH, light transmission, fluorescence and others do not require the very high levels of resolution needed in the primary CTD channels, nor do these sensors generally offer variable frequency outputs. Accordingly, signals from the auxiliary sensors are acquired using a conventional voltage-input multiplexed A/D converter (optional). Some Sea-Bird CTDs use a strain gauge pressure sensor (Senso-Metrics) in which case their pressure output data is in the same form as that from the auxiliary sensors as described above.
Deck unit or SEARAM
Each underwater unit is connected to a power supply and data logging system: the SBE 11 (or SBE 11 plus) deck unit allows real-time interfacing between the deck and the underwater unit via a conductive wire, while the submersible SBE 17 (or SBE 17 plus) SEARAM plugs directly into the underwater unit and data are downloaded on recovery of the CTD. The combination of SBE 9 and SBE 17 or SBE 11 are termed SBE 917 or SBE 911, respectively, while the combinations of SBE 9 plus and SBE 17 plus or SBE 11 plus are termed SBE 917 plus or SBE 911 plus.
Specifications for the SBE 9 plus underwater unit are listed below:
|Initial accuracy
|Resolution at 24 Hz
|Response time
|-5 to 35°C
|0.065 sec
|0 to 7 S m-1
|0.0003 S m-1
|0.00004 S m-1
|0.065 sec (pumped)
|0 to full scale (1400, 2000, 4200, 6800 or 10500 m)
|0.015% of full scale
|0.001% of full scale
|0.015 sec
Further details can be found in the manufacturer's specification sheet.
Chelsea Technologies Group Aquatracka MKIII fluorometer
The Chelsea Technologies Group Aquatracka MKIII is a logarithmic response fluorometer. Filters are available to enable the instrument to measure chlorophyll, rhodamine, fluorescein and turbidity.
It uses a pulsed (5.5 Hz) xenon light source discharging along two signal paths to eliminate variations in the flashlamp intensity. The reference path measures the intensity of the light source whilst the signal path measures the intensity of the light emitted from the specimen under test. The reference signal and the emitted light signals are then applied to a ratiometric circuit. In this circuit, the ratio of returned signal to reference signal is computed and scaled logarithmically to achieve a wide dynamic range. The logarithmic conversion accuracy is maintained at better than one percent of the reading over the full output range of the instrument.
Two variants of the instrument are available, both manufactured in titanium, capable of operating in depths from shallow water down to 2000 m and 6000 m respectively. The optical characteristics of the instrument in its different detection modes are visible below:
|Chlorophyll a
|Wavelength (nm)
|Bandwidth (nm)
|Chlorophyll a
|Wavelength (nm)
|Bandwidth (nm)
* The wavelengths for the turbidity filters are customer selectable but must be in the range 400 to 700 nm. The same wavelength is used in the excitation path and the emission path.
The instrument measures chlorophyll a, rhodamine and fluorescein with a concentration range of 0.01 µg l-1 to 100 µg l-1. The concentration range for turbidity is 0.01 to 100 FTU (other wavelengths are available on request).
The instrument accuracy is ± 0.02 µg l-1 (or ± 3% of the reading, whichever is greater) for chlorophyll a, rhodamine and fluorescein. The accuracy for turbidity, over a 0 - 10 FTU range, is ± 0.02 FTU (or ± 3% of the reading, whichever is greater).
Further details are available from the Aquatracka MKIII specification sheet.
Turner Designs Cyclops-7 Submersible Sensors
The Cyclops-7 series of sensors is designed for integration into multi-parameter platforms, providing measurements of in vivo chlorophyll-a, cyanobacteria (phycocyanin and phycoerythrin), rhodamine and fluorescein dyes, optical brighteners, coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM), crude oil and refined fuels, BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) or turbidity.
The voltage output of the sensor can be correlated with in situ concentration by calibration with a standard of known concentration. The excitation wavelength varies, depending on the environmental variable of interest, with visible wavelengths being used for chlorophyll, rhodamine, fluorescein and cyanobacteria; UV being used for CDOM, oil, optical brighteners and refined fuels; and IR being used for turbidity. The photodiode detector operates over the range 300-1100 nm. Custom optics over the range 260-900 nm are also available.
The Cyclops-7 operates over an ambient temperature range of 0 to 50°C and a water temperature range of -2 to 50°C. It has a depth rating of 600 m and displays a linearity of 0.99 R2 over the full range.
|Minimum detection limit
|Dynamic range
|0.025 µg L-1
|0 to 500 µg L-1
|0.4 ppb QS*
|0 to 2500 ppb QS*
|Crude Oil
|0.02 ppb QS*
|0 to 1500 ppb QS*
|150 cells mL-1
|0 to 150000 cells mL-1
|Optical Brighteners
|1 ppb QS*
|0 to 15000 ppb QS*
|Fluorescein Dye
|0.01 ppb
|0 to 500 ppb
|Rhodamine Dye
|0.01 ppb
|0 to 1000 ppb
|0 to 3000 NTU
|Refined Fuels
|2 ppb NS**
|0 to 10000 ppb NS**
|0.1 ppm
|> 2500 ppm
*QS - Quinine Sulphate
**NS - 1,5 Napthalene Disulfonic Disodium Salt
Further details can be found in the manufacturer's specification sheet.
Chelsea Technologies Group ALPHAtracka and ALPHAtracka II transmissometers
The Chelsea Technologies Group ALPHAtracka (the Mark I) and its successor, the ALPHAtracka II (the Mark II), are both accurate (< 0.3 % fullscale) transmissometers that measure the beam attenuation coefficient at 660 nm. Green (565 nm), yellow (590 nm) and blue (470 nm) wavelength variants are available on special order.
The instrument consists of a Transmitter/Reference Assembly and a Detector Assembly aligned and spaced apart by an open support frame. The housing and frame are both manufactured in titanium and are pressure rated to 6000 m depth.
The Transmitter/Reference housing is sealed by an end cap. Inside the housing an LED light source emits a collimated beam through a sealed window. The Detector housing is also sealed by an end cap. A signal photodiode is placed behind a sealed window to receive the collimated beam from the Transmitter.
The primary difference between the ALPHAtracka and ALPHAtracka II is that the Alphatracka II is implemented with surface-mount technology; this has enabled a much smaller diameter pressure housing to be used while retaining exactly the same optical train as in the Mark I. Data from the Mark II version are thus fully compatible with that already obtained with the Mark I. The performance of the Mark II is further enhanced by two electronic developments from Chelsea Technologies Group - firstly, all items are locked in a signal nulling loop of near infinite gain and, secondly, the signal output linearity is inherently defined by digital circuitry only.
Among other advantages noted above, these features ensure that the optical intensity of the Mark II, indicated by the output voltage, is accurately represented by a straight line interpolation between a reading near full-scale under known conditions and a zero reading when blanked off.
For optimum measurements in a wide range of environmental conditions, the Mark I and Mark II are available in 5 cm, 10 cm and 25 cm path length versions. Output is default factory set to 2.5 volts but can be adjusted to 5 volts on request.
Further details about the Mark II instrument are available from the Chelsea Technologies Group ALPHAtrackaII specification sheet.
Chelsea Technologies Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) Irradiance Sensor
This sensor was originally designed to assist the study of marine photosynthesis. With the use of logarithmic amplication, the sensor covers a range of 6 orders of magnitude, which avoids setting up the sensor range for the expected signal level for different ambient conditions.
The sensor consists of a hollow PTFE 2-pi collector supported by a clear acetal dome diverting light to a filter and photodiode from which a cosine response is obtained. The sensor can be used in moorings, profiling or deployed in towed vehicles and can measure both upwelling and downwelling light.
|Operation depth
|1000 m
|2000 to 0.002 µE m-2 s-1
|Angular Detection Range
|± 130° from normal incidence
|Relative Spectral Sensitivity
flat to ± 3% from 450 to 700 nm
down 8% of 400 nm and 36% at 350 nm
Further details can be found in the manufacturer's specification sheet.
Paroscientific Absolute Pressure Transducers Series 3000 and 4000
Paroscientific Series 3000 and 4000 pressure transducers use a Digiquartz pressure sensor to provide high accuracy and precision data. The sensor comprises a quartz crystal resonator that responds to pressure-induced stress, and temperature is measured for thermal compensation of the calculated pressure.
The 3000 series of transducers includes one model, the 31K-101, whereas the 4000 series includes several models, listed in the table below. All transducers exhibit repeatability of better than ±0.01% full pressure scale, hysteresis of better than ±0.02% full scale and acceleration sensitivity of ±0.008% full scale /g (three axis average). Pressure resolution is better than 0.0001% and accuracy is typically 0.01% over a broad range of temperatures.
Differences between the models lie in their pressure and operating temperature ranges, as detailed below:
|Max. pressure (psia)
|Max. pressure (MPa)
|Temperature range (°C)
|-54 to 107
|0 to 125
|0 to 125
|0 to 125
|0 to 125
|0 to 50
|0 to 50
|0 to 50
|0 to 50
Further details can be found in the manufacturer's specification sheet.
James Clarke Ross Cruise AMT14 CTD Processing
Sampling strategy
A total of 89 successful CTD casts were made during the cruise. Rosette bottles were fired throughout the water column on the upcast of most profiles. Data were measured at 24 Hz by a PC running SEASAVE, Sea-Bird's data acquisition software. The raw data files were supplied to BODC after the cruise.
Originator's processing
Only a subset of files had been partially processed on board during the cruise. The raw data were therefore reprocessed at BODC to produce and homogeneous set of CTD data files for this cruise. BODC used the latest version of the SeaBird Processing software available at the time to process the raw binary data files (DAT files) based on information held in the sensor configuration files (CON files), and bottle firing files (BL).
BODC post-processing and screening
Sea-Bird processing
The CON files were first checked for any changes which may have occurred during the cruise. None were made. The information was also crosschecked against information held in the sensors' calibration reports.
The following SeaBird routines were then carried out using SBE Data Processing software version 5.30a: DATCNV, CELLTM, FILTER, LOOPEDIT, DERIVE, BINAVG, STRIP. After CELLTM was run, tests were carried out to check whether an alignment of the conductivity sensor was necessary. No lag was observed. Details of the routines and settings used were as follows:
DATCNV converts the raw data into engineering units. Both down and upcasts were selected. For reasons which have not been documented output from the LSS6000 sensor and from the secondary temperature and conductivity sensors were omitted from the list of channels output by DATCNV. All other channels were selected. Although DATCNV has since been run again to obtain and preserve an ASCII version of data recorded by the full suite of sensors deployed on the CTD package, the fully processed and QCed version of this CTD dataset does not include data from the secondary sensors nor from the light scatter sensor.
The manufacturer's calibration for the fluorometer was applied during Sea-Bird processing as follows:
Nominal chl-a conc (µg/l) = (0.0113 * 10voltage) - 0.032
CELLTM was run on the DATCNV output using SeaBird's recommended settings of alpha= 0.03 and Tau=7.
FILTER was run on pressure using a low pass time constant of 0.15 seconds.
LOOPEDIT was run in order to minimise the marked wake effect linked to ship rolling observed on recent cruises.
DERIVE, BINAVG and STRIP were then run to derive the salinity and oxygen concentration, reduce the data to 2Hz and strip redundant channels from the final sets of ASCII files.
Conversion of transmissometer voltages to beam attenuation
There were no air and blocked path readings available for this cruise. As a result, the transmissometer reading could not be corrected for source decay and users are advised caution when using absolute attenuance values for this cruise. The calculation of coefficients M and B followed SeaBird Application Note 7with the most recent dark/air voltages being those provided by the manufacturer.
M = (Tw / (W0 - Y0) * (A0 - Y0) / (A1 - Y1) B = -M * Y1
Stainless steel Tw = % transmission for pure water 100% W0 = voltage output in pure water 4.2220 V A0 = manufacturer's air voltage 4.4045 V Y0 = manufacturer's blocked path voltage 0.0185 V A1 = cruise air voltage not available - used A0 Y1 = cruise blocked path voltage not available - used Y0
The data were converted from Sea-Bird ASCII format into BODC internal format (PXF) using BODC transfer function 357. The data were converted to PXF, a BODC internal format. The data were processed from 2Hz averaged down- and upcast data. Sigma-theta was calculated and output from the primary temperature and salinity data channels according to the UNESCO method during the conversion to PXF format. This was used to aid screening of the salinity and temperature data. The following table shows how the variables within the Sea-Bird files were mapped to appropriate BODC parameter codes:
Sea-Bird Parameter Name Units Description BODC Parameter Code Units Comments Pressure, Digiquartz dbar CTD pressure PRESPR01 dbar - Temperature [ITS-90] °C Temperature of water column by CTD sensor 1 TEMPCU01 °C - Temperature, 2 [ITS-90] °C Temperature of water column by CTD sensor 2 - - Not transferred during BODC processing Salinity - Practical salinity of the water body by CTD sensor 1 PSALCU01 - - Salinity, 2 - Practical salinity of the water body by CTD sensor 2 - - Not transferred during BODC processing Oxygen µmol kg-1 Dissolved oxygen concentration DOXYSU01 µmol l-1 Converted from µmol kg-1 to µmol l-1 using sigma-T during transfer Fluorescence mg m-3 Nominal chl-a concentration CPHLPM01 mg m-3 Manufacturer's calibration applied during processing Voltage 4 V Upwelling PAR sensor voltage LVLTPU01 V Removed on 8th May 2004 Voltage 4 V Downwelling PAR sensor voltage LVLTPD01 V Replaced upwelling PAR sensor from 8th May 2004 Voltage 5 V Downwelling PAR sensor voltage LVLTPD01 V Moved to Voltage 4 on 8th May 2004 Voltage 5 V Cyclops 7 fluorometer voltage FVLTPELN V Added on 8th May 2004 Voltage 6 V Light Back-Scattering Sensor voltage - - Not transferred during BODC processing Beam Attenuance m-1 Beam attenuance ATTNDR01 m-1 Manufacturer's calibration applied during processing - - Practical salinity of the water body by CTD sensor 1 - sample calibrated PSALCC01 - PSALCU01 calibrated against bench salinometer data - - Dissolved oxygen concentration - sample calibrated DOXYSC01 µmol l-1 DOXYSU01 calibrated against Winkler titration data - - Fluorometer - sample calibrated CPHLPS01 mg m-3 CPHLPM01 calibrated against fluorometric chlorophyll-a data - - Downwelling sub-surface PAR irradiance IRRDPP01 µE m-2 s-1 Generated using manufacturer's calibration - - Upwelling sub-surface PAR irradiance IRRUPP01 µE m-2 s-1 Generated using manufacturer's calibration - - Oxygen saturation OXYSSC01 % Generated by BODC using the Benson and Krause (1984) algorithm wioth parameters DOXYSC01, PSALCC01 and TEMPCU01 - - Potential temperature POTMCV01 °C Generated by BODC using UNESCO Report 38 (1981) algorithm with parameters PRESPR01, PSALCC01 and TEMPCU01 - - Sigma-theta SIGTPR01 kg m-3 Generated by BODC using the Fofonoff and Millard (1982) algorithm with parameters PSALCC01 and POTMCV01
Benson, B.B. and Krause, D., 1984. The concentration and isotopic fractionation of oxygen dissolved in freshwater and seawater in equilibrium with the atmosphere. Limnol. Oceanogr., 29(3), 620-632
Fofonoff, N.P. and Millard, R.C., 1983. Algorithms for computations of fundamental properties of seawater. UNESCO Technical Papers in Marine Science No. 44, 53pp.
UNESCO, 1981. Background papers and supporting data on the International Equation of State of Seawater 1980. UNESCO Technical Papers in Marine Science No. 38, 192pp
The PXF data were compared with the original data files to ensure that no errors had been introduced during the conversion process. The data channels were then screened on a graphics workstation using in-house visualisation software. This allows multiple channels to be viewed simultaneously. The start and end-points of the downcast were marked. All spurious and null data were flagged with BODC quality control flags.
The CTD profiles were generally of good quality. However, cast 11 has bad data in the upper 15 db and for cast 87 the quality of the salinity profile is poor, although most bad data and spikes have been flagged prior to binning, users should be advised that the profile should be used with caution.
Oxygen sensor
The profiles have been flagged for noise and spikes but are generally of good quality.
Fluorometer - generally good with the exceptions:
Cast 11: The raw data were constant and negative. So there will be no fluorometer data for that cast.
Casts 1, 12 and 13 were very noisy and the 1Hz data were heavily flagged based on comparison with upcast data. Data from these profiles should be used with caution.
The transmissometer data are not accurately calibrated as no dark and air voltages were recorded during the cruise to account for source decay along the cruise track. The attenuance values should not be used as absolute values. Casts 12 and 86 have had spikes and anomalous data flagged throughout the water column.
As experienced in AMT12 and 13, the transmissometer malfunctioned in high temperatures and produced poor data. The casts affected were from 39 to 54 and the suspect profiles show large but smooth attenuance maximum at depth as well as strong drifts. The problem is likely related to environmental conditions, for example if temperature or temperature gradients were beyond an acceptable threshold. It is telling that the anomalies are not depth or sensor related but seems to be invariably related to the depth of the thermocline i.e. anomalies are consistently observed at the base of the strong thermocline. The anomalies observed are likely due to a severe case of hysteresis produced by air and water temperature in excess of the instruments operating range (1 to 25 °C).
Up-welling and Down-welling irradiance
Only 8 casts have data for the up-welling PAR sensor.
The down-welling data from casts 19, 44, 71 and 77 were very noisy and the data have been flagged accordingly.
Phycoerythrin fluorometer
Data recorded from cast 26 onwards. The profiles have been flagged for noise in surface waters but in the absence of a calibration sheet are only present as the raw voltage.
Once quality control screening was complete, the CTD downcasts were banked. Finally, the data were binned against pressure at 1 dbar increments.
Voltage conversions
PAR sub-surface irradiance
The PAR sensor raw voltages have been converted to PAR irradiance values in units of µE m-2 s-1 using supplied manufacturer's calibration coefficients.
Sensor s/n Calibration BODC cal ref 11 IRRDPP01 = 0.0423 * exp (LVLTDP01 * 5.331 - 9.267) 3924 10 IRRUPP01 = 0.0423 * exp (LVLTUP01 * 5.195 - 9.036) 3920
Field Calibrations
The pressure sensor has not been calibrated as no values were record in air.
No reversing thermometer data were available for AMT14, so the CTD sensor data have not been calibrated against another dataset. Temperature readings from the two temperature sensors were almost identical and no other independent measurements of better quality were available. No further correction was therefore applied to the data.
Bench salinometer data were provided by UKORS.
The salinometer data were compared with CTD values from primary sensor on the upcast at the time of bottle firing. Analysis of the data showed that, with the exclusion of 2 outliers, the samples measured on-board produced consistent relationships with the CTD sensor data. A regression analysis was run on the data and showed that there was no linear trend in the data at the 95% confidence level. A simple mean offset, significant at the same confidence level, was applied to the CTD salinities.
Casts Calibration N BODC cal ref All PSALCC01 = PSALCU01 + 0.0026 76 3775
Dissolved oxygen
Oxygen calibrations have been carried out using dissolved oxygen data from Winkler titrations (provided by Niki Gist, Plymouth Marine Laboratory). Examination of the calibration data set showed a good correlation with the sensor throughout the cruise.
Casts Calibration N R2 BODC cal ref All DOXYSC01 = 1.0314 * DOXYSU01 + 5.3147 248 0.994 3794
The CTD fluorometer was calibrated against chlorophyll a concentration extracted from water samples and determined by fluorometric analysis (data originator: A. Poulton, SOC). Nominal chlorophyll concentration recorded on the upcast by the CTD fluorometer at bottle firing depth were extracted from the SeaBird bottle files and compared with extracted values, after exclusion of 6 spurious CTD values and 2 suspect extracted values.
Casts Calibration N R2 BODC cal ref All CPHLPS01 = 1.66 * CPHLPM01 + 0.09 456 0.673 3918
Residuals (CTD-Extracted) from this calibration ranged between -0.95 and 0.50 mg chl m-3 and 80% of the calibrated CTD fluorometer values were within 0.25 mg chl m-3of the extracted value. The largest residuals (>0.4 mg chl m-3) were observed in the northern and southern part of the transect, outside the subtropical gyres region, and in the upper 50 m of the water column. It is possible that the accuracy of the calibration be improved by splitting the datasets into subgroups. However, an initial attempt to do this by isolating datapoints from stations 15 to 50, had little effect on the quality of the calibration. It was therefore decided in a first instance to apply only one calibration equation for the entire cruise. This calibration was first applied to the data on 10-dec-2004.
Project Information
The Atlantic Meridional Transect - Phase 2 (2002-2006)
Who was involved in the project?
The Atlantic Meridional Transect Phase 2 was designed by and implemented by a number of UK research centres and universities. The programme was hosted by Plymouth Marine Laboratory in collaboration with the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton. The universities involved were:
- University of Liverpool
- University of Newcastle
- University of Plymouth
- University of Southampton
- University of East Anglia
What was the project about?
AMT began in 1995, with scientific aims to assess mesoscale to basin scale phytoplankton processes, the functional interpretation of bio-optical signatures and the seasonal, regional and latitudinal variations in mesozooplankton dynamics. In 2002, when the programme restarted, the scientific aims were broadened to address a suite of cross-disciplinary questions concerning ocean plankton ecology and biogeochemistry and the links to atmospheric processes.
The objectives included the determination of:
- how the structure, functional properties and trophic status of the major planktonic ecosystems vary in space and time
- how physical processes control the rates of nutrient supply to the planktonic ecosystem
- how atmosphere-ocean exchange and photo-degradation influence the formation and fate of organic matter
The data were collected with the aim of being distributed for use in the development of models to describe the interactions between the global climate system and ocean biogeochemistry.
When was the project active?
The second phase of funding allowed the project to continue for the period 2002 to 2006 and consisted of six research cruises. The first phase of the AMT programme ran from 1995 to 2000.
Brief summary of the project fieldwork/data
The fieldwork on the first three cruises was carried out along transects from the UK to the Falkland Islands in September and from the Falkland Islands to the UK in April. The last three cruises followed a cruise track between the UK and South Africa, only deviating from the traditional transect in the southern hemisphere. During this phase the research cruises sampled further into the centre of the North and South Atlantic Ocean and also along the north-west coast of Africa where upwelled nutrient rich water is known to provide a significant source of climatically important gases.
Who funded the project?
Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)
Data Activity or Cruise Information
|Cruise Name
|Departure Date
|Arrival Date
|Principal Scientist(s)
|Patrick M Holligan (University of Southampton School of Ocean and Earth Science)
|RRS James Clark Ross
Complete Cruise Metadata Report is available here
Fixed Station Information
No Fixed Station Information held for the Series
BODC Quality Control Flags
The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:
|Below detection limit
|In excess of quoted value
|Taxonomic flag for affinis (aff.)
|Beginning of CTD Down/Up Cast
|Taxonomic flag for confer (cf.)
|Thermometric depth
|End of CTD Down/Up Cast
|Non-taxonomic biological characteristic uncertainty
|Extrapolated value
|Taxonomic flag for single species (sp.)
|Improbable value - unknown quality control source
|Improbable value - originator's quality control
|Improbable value - BODC quality control
|Null value
|Improbable value - user quality control
|Replacement value
|Estimated value
|Interpolated value
|Control value
|Excessive difference
SeaDataNet Quality Control Flags
The following single character qualifying flags may be associated with one or more individual parameters with a data cycle:
|no quality control
|good value
|probably good value
|probably bad value
|bad value
|changed value
|value below detection
|value in excess
|interpolated value
|missing value
|value phenomenon uncertain
|value below limit of quantification


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Blatant Berry Bottom Line
In leafing through the issue of Library Journal from earlier this month, the latest John Berry article made me sit up in my seat. Entitled "Half Way to ALA", he discusses the true cost of conference attendance in terms of dollars and (more importantly, in my estimation) professional advancement.
As to the first part, the financial estimates that Mr. Berry tosses out ring true to me. Even in taking transportation out of the equation (Boston and Washington DC, the locations of the past Midwinter and Annual, are within driving distance for me), the sum total of hotels, meals, and other expenses puts it easily well over $1,500 for an attendee. While some of my friends have worked out ways to save money by sharing rooms or seeking alternative housing venues, the other costs still remain the same and leave it hovering around $1,000 to attend. Not exactly small change by any stretch of the imagination.
The more important and salient point that Mr. Berry references in his piece is that of the cost of professional development to younger librarians. The statement made by Mr. Berry is that the conference is attended by those who get the least use out of it: directors, top management, and others who are well established and well compensated through their position. It creates a 'generation gap' in which the new librarians are generally shut out of the professional development opportunities that would benefit them the most in their nascent career. I can't illustrate it in terms other than horticultural: when you plant something new, you take care to make it grow. You give it water, ensure that it gets the right amount of sun, fertilize the soil to provide essential nutrients, and protect it from predation and temperature extremes. This is no different than the ideal treatment for our up and coming librarians in providing them with the professional development and networking opportunities in order to create a stronger and smarter profession.
This is not meant as a vilification of the older generation of librarians. I'm certain that there are some that would consider the benefits of compensated attendance as a perk of their position and their work to reach such a place. Nor is there an easy answer for providing the financial support that would be necessary to allow young librarians. You'd have to be living under a rock for the last year to not know about the current state of library budgets. This puts some library vendors in the same boat with us as their revenues are partially married to our own expenditures.
The question that this post leaves in my head is this: what are the options that remain for younger librarians to attend conferences? In attending ALA annual this year, I heard a raffle over the convention loudspeaker giving away trips to the conference next year. That sounds nice, but it doesn't specifically address young or new librarians. I know ALA has a list of travel grants and scholarships, but that helps a handful of librarians (and I see one of the travel grants is not available due to lack of donors). Not exactly overwhelming, but I have not given the subject a rigorous inquiry.
The thought did cross my mind: what would it take to someone to sponsor someone like myself to attend a conference? Could I wear one of those NASCAR jumpsuits and sell advertising space on it? Could I sell sidebar space on my blog? Endorsement deals? Booth appearances? Appear in advertisements? What would it take for someone to put up the money that would pay the way to attend?
I'd wonder what people thought about 'selling out' (either for me or themselves) and what would be an offer they couldn't refuse. I'm not sure what would be the line for librarians. I have a feeling there is a strict adherence to objectivity even when none is called for. I'd like to hear from people on this, so please leave a comment with your thoughts.
(And if anyone is looking to sponsor a librarian, I'm all ears for your offer. I think I'd look decent in one of those NASCAR jumpsuits.)AndyW


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Clear questions and runnable code
get the best and fastest answer
Re^3: RFC: debugger_trainerby roboticus (Chancellor)
|on Dec 25, 2012 at 03:15 UTC ( #1010244=note: print w/replies, xml )
|Need Help??
Yep. I was thinking that there might be a set of functions that many/most debug trainer scripts might want. Hopefully it would then be possible to do include it, set up a data structure or two and a few print statements or something. I was thinking it would be nice if you'd run a script, and it would start out telling you what it was going to show you, do a little setup and then present the debug prompt. (Perhaps using the @DB::typeahead buffer to get the program running before the user had to guess what to do.)
Of course, I may be over-thinking it, too. It might just be as simple as a few print statements containing instructions and a CPAN bundle and/or namespace to put 'em.
I don't use the debugger much, and when I do, it's just for a few simple things. I don't know everything it's capable of. I used to use Microsoft's CodeView, and learned a lot about it. It was surprisingly capable. It will be interesting to see what techniques might get published.
When your only tool is a hammer, all problems look like your thumb.
In Section Meditations


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You read the title and are now possibly asking, "What in the world do artichokes and skateboard parks have in common and how are they related to family history?"
Well, last week we had two of our grandsons over. Actually only for 3 days, because Monday was driving and Friday was driving. During the 3 days we went to 4 skateboard parks (although the boys ride scooters), went to some of their favorite restaurants (Red Lobster, Chompies and Herb 'n' Flavors (for hummus and baba ghanoosh)) and to the movies with Grandpa and a friend to see Monument Men. And, yes. We ate artichokes, even though I had to pay an exorbitant price for 4 of them.
So, I started wondering what our descendants would think about skateboard parks: these large cement holes in the ground, with mounds, steps, bowls, ramps, and a variety of other shapes. I remember when skate boarders rode in old swimming pools. Now we build these elaborate creations. Kids spend hours in them. Does it make sense? It definitely is good exercise. And it's great for balance. So, if an alien from outer space came to visit, what would they think?
And then, the artichokes. Our grandchildren LOVE artichokes and they only have had them at Grandpa and Grandma's house. So, I started wondering, how did we learn to eat these thistles? How did we learn to take the outside leaves off, one at a time, and dip them before scraping them against our teeth? Isn't this family history? In the past when I've questioned why we eat something, or how we learned that a strange looking food was good, I didn't think about it as tradition. But in our family artichokes are tradition, just as eating turkey at Thanksgiving, or having hamburgers on Memorial Day.
Have you wondered about the foods we eat? How we started eating them or preparing them in a particular way? And are they part of your family tradition? And what would your descendants think?


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Teaching Sustainability in Physics
Sustainability issues are inherently interdisciplinary. See the Resources & Discussions page for resources that span multiple disciplines and the Disciplinary Perspectives pages.
Exploring Sustainability through Physics
- Energy and Work - Foundations for Sustainability Issues
- Thermodynamics - Issues of Heat, Entropy, and Energy Use
- Electricity and Magnetism - Commercial power and use
- Nuclear Physics - Commercial power generation and waste
- Electronics - Energy transport
Sustainability and Physics for the Undergraduate Curriculum
PhET Simulation: Greenhouse gases - sense making by observing photonsSt. Marys College: Energy Management Simulators
This simulation-based activity illustrates how different gases and clouds affect the earth's temperature. Students are guided through an exploration of connections between temperature and the microscopic properties of molecules in the atmosphere. The qualitative nature of the simulation makes the activity suitable for a wide range of classes. Students can extend the activity to determine the changes that can cause an ice age or extensive global warming.
This web page provides a series of simulators for energy supply, demand, production, and waste. These are suitable for a wide range of student explorations. Related is an example Energy 2100 class project for exploring global energy production and demand in an introductory general physics course.
For more resources on teaching sustainability across many disciplines, see the SERC Sustainability Site Guide. This site guide contains annotated links to hundreds of teaching activities, course descriptions, visualizations, and articles compiled through a number of projects.
Textbooks and Other Resources
AAPT/PTRA teaching manual on Energy
Foundations of Environmental Physics
Textbook for a course on environmental issues studied through the use of physics-related concepts
Sustainable Energy - without the hot air
A constructive, educational, and quantitative review of energy, environmental, and climate issues.
C21: Physics Teaching for the 21st Century
A collection of activities, videos, and other teaching resources that incorporate 21st Century problems into physics courses. Of particular interest are the active student explorations in the Take-Home Experiments section of the site.
Al Bartlett: The Essential Exponential
This web site is dedicated to the work of Al Bartlett on issues of sustainability, population, energy, and economics. Information about his book The Essential Exponential and several of his presentations are available.
Journal Articles
The AAPT Resource Letters in the American Journal of Physics, focused on a particular topic in physics, or connections between physics and other disciplines or topics. Each Letter provides a brief introduction to the topic and a bibliography of articles, books, websites, and other resources. These topical introductions are well-suited for those interested in teaching the topic in some depth. For topics where active research is ongoing and the field is changing, multiple letters may be created.
FuNP-1: The Future of Nuclear Power
George Flanagan, George Kulynych, and Cecil Parks, 2010GW-2: Global Warming
Michael D. Mastrandrea and Stephen H. Schneider, 2008
PSEn-1: Physics and Society: Energy
Art Hobson, 2007 (Also available here)
GW-1: Global Warming
John W. Firor, 1994SE-2: Solar Energy
Laurent Hodges, 1982
ENC-1: Environmental Noise Control
Thomas D. Rossing, 1978
SE-1: Solar Energy
D. K. McDaniels and M. J. Throop, 1976
PE-1: Physics and the Environment
John I. Shonle, 1974
ERPEE-1: Energy: Resources, Production, and Environmental Effects
R. H. Romer, 1972
Incorporating Sustainability and 21st-Century Problem Solving into Physics Courses
Example from a Multidisciplinary Science Education project at Ithaca College
Using Environmental Science as a Motivational Tool to Teach Physics to Non-Science Majors
A freely available article from The Physics Teacher outlining the change of a standard physical science course into an environmental physical science class. Basic physical principles are applied to environmental issues of current interest.
Fukushima Daiichi Accident and Its Radiological Impact on the Environment
A freely available article from The Physics Teacher describing the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident and ways this event can be used to motivate discussion in physics classes.
Teaching About Energy: Problems Related to Energy Choices
This student activity is designed to explore the potential difficulties related with different power sources. Difficulties such as nuclear waste, pollution, and the environmental degradation.
Teaching About Energy: Using Less Fuel to Heat and Cool Your Home
This student activity is designed to study energy flow and conservation. The rate at which the temperature of water increases in different containers is used to explore the conservation of energy and how it relates to your home environment.
Using Earth's Resources: What are the Tradeoffs?
This teacher's guide and education module contains student problem-solving activities related to the use of the Earth's soil and mineral resources.
Energy Conservation: Student Activities
This teacher's guide contains six student activities on the topic of energy conservation and the impact of energy use on society.
Energy: How Does It Impact Our Lives?
This teacher's guide and education module contains student activities that outline the impact of energy issues on society and human activities.
Physicists Teaching Sustainability
Physics for Future Presidents
University of California-Berkeley course on the physics and science of societal issues.
Organizations and Institutes with Additional Resources
American Institute of Physics - The Discovery of Global Warming
This web site by Spencer Weart, the companion to a smaller book of the same name, provides a scholarly history of climate change research.
American Physical Society - Future Energy - Energy Efficiency Study
This report web site examines energy efficiency examines what works, what can work soon, and what is feasible for the future from a scientific and technological perspective.
Continuing Education and Networking
Physics and Society Education Group
This is the home page of the Physics and Society Education special interest group, started by members of the American Association of Physics Teachers. It includes a link to an active email list on issues related to physics and society, as well and newsletters and links to related efforts.
APS: Forum on Physics and Society
This division of the American Physical Society is a collaboration of physicists interested in the relations between the physics community and society. The quarterly FPS newsletters provide a wide range of articles for those interested in these topics.


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GOP Newcomer to Face Illinois Governor in Fall
Bruce Rauner is Party's Best Hope to Topple a Democratic State Leader
CHICAGO—Republican newcomer Bruce Rauner held off a crowded primary field Tuesday and will challenge Illinois Gov. Pat Quinn this fall in a race predicted to be the GOP's best chance to topple a Democratic governor.
Mr. Rauner, a former private-equity executive who pumped millions of his own money into the race, defeated state Sens. Kirk Dillard and Bill Brady and state treasurer Dan Rutherford. Mr. Quinn overwhelmingly bested challenger Tio Hardiman....


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Published at Saturday, April 20th, 2019 - 17:35:19 PM. Curtains. By Bailee Tessier.
Once you have determined what length of curtains you would like you need to then measure the length with a tape measure curtains are usually manufactured or made in pairs but the measurements you see on ready made curtains on the packaging is individual curtain measurements rather than both of them together generally the total width of both curtains should be 2 to 2 times the width of the curtain pole or the track. This is only a rough guide and if you have any other questions please get in touch with us here at curtains online.
Sari curtains are the perfect material if you are on the lookout for light or elegant drapes with luxury. The material imparts a gentle or cool look and is soft to touch. These curtains are normally made out of saris. These sari curtains are usually exported to various countries from India. You have the advantage of selecting from a wide variety – both in style.
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text: karilyn Happy 2013 Everyone!!! I'm looking forward to Tuesday, the 15th . . . . but assume we will move forward meeting on the 2nd Tuesday of the Month, the 8th had too many conflicts for everyone. I am a definite yes for the 15th at Charcoal Guidos in Waltham. I am also interested in checking out Taqueria El Amigo in Waltham - anyone else???


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|Velodyne SPL-1200R Subwoofer Review
|Wednesday, 16 December 2009
Page 1 of 2Velodyne Acoustics is arguably the most well known subwoofer manufacturer in the world. In the early 1980's, a Velodyne subwoofer was simply the subwoofer to own. If you wanted the best subwoofer made, you purchased a Velodyne - end of story. At that time, the Velodyne ULD Series set the standard in subwoofer design and everyone soon wanted to purchase the big subwoofer that looked like a coffee table. By the time the 1990's rolled around, home theater became all the rage and Dolby Digital and DTS, both 5.1 configurations with left front, center front, right front, left surround, right surround, and a separate low frequency effects (LFE) channel for deep bass, almost made owning a subwoofer mandatory. Subwoofer demand grew, but subwoofer cabinet size began to shrink. Companies like Velodyne started to design compact subwoofers with output levels that matched or exceeded past larger designs. Velodyne's engineering ability and brand-name recognition allowed it to give consumers what they wanted by developing a complete product line of compact, high-output subwoofers like the Velodyne SPL-1200R.
As I unboxed the Velodyne SPL-1200R, I was immediately struck by the quality of this subwoofer's beautiful, black lacquer finish. At a mere 57 pounds, it's definitely no heavy-weight in subwoofer terms. At 14 inches high by 14 inches wide by 16 inches deep, it's quite petite and its small size is downright shocking for a 12-inch subwoofer. The front panel has a black cloth grille that is removable and has a lighted, blue Velodyne logo.
Setup couldn't be easier. I disconnected my current reference subwoofer, which also has balanced (XLR) inputs, plugged in the power cord, ran the auto-EQ feature, adjusted the volume with the help of my Radio Shack SPL meter and had the subwoofer woofing within minutes. I'll discuss the one button, auto-EQ feature later in the review, but I must say that I found the one button, auto-EQ feature of this subwoofer easier to use than with any other subwoofer I have ever used before. There aren't many subwoofers on the market that have this feature, but I found it both invaluable and extremely simple to use.
The SPL-R (Small, Precise, Loud – Remote) Series is available in three different models (SPL-800R, SPL-1000R and SPL-1200R) and all SPL-R Series subwoofers feature a six-band auto-EQ function, with included microphone and a full-featured remote control. With one touch on the remote, the SPL-R generates its own test tone, analyzes that tone via the included microphone and feeds the information back to the subwoofer. It then automatically adjusts the 6-band internal EQ to provide and best bass performance in any room, regardless of acoustical variation. The auto-EQ function is powered by the Texas Instrument Digital Signal Processing (DSP) technology that allows precise management of the subwoofer's crossovers, slopes, equalization, subsonic filters and distortion limiting circuitry. Velodyne claims this technology allows the SPL-R Series subwoofers to play incredibly low and loudly, with 70% less distortion than competitive products.
Besides the addition of auto-EQ, the remote control also comes complete with four listening presets for movies, R&B-rock, jazz-classical and games; a four position phase adjustment control; night mode setting which limits the maximum output of the subwoofer for late night listening; volume control and light control. I found the presets to be extremely helpful when selecting a listening choice, because there are four different presets, consisting of Movies, R&B - Rock, Jazz - Classical and Games. The presets provide the following characteristics for bass reproduction: Movies: Maximum output and impact for explosions and other action adventure movie content. R&B - Rock: Provides the driving bass found in today's rock music. Jazz - Classical: The tightest, cleanest, lowest distortion bass. Games: Maximum loudness available for the impact of video games.
All three models in the SPL-R Series subs are powered by a Class D (digital) switching amplifier delivering 1000 watts RMS and a whopping 2000 watts dynamic power! The drivers incorporate light, stiff Kevlar-reinforced fiber cones, massive 21 lb. magnet structures (on the SPL-1000R and SPL-1200R), 2.5" to 3" copper wound voice coils and vented pole pieces. The available finishes are black gloss, medium cherry or light maple. MSRP for the SPL-1200R is $1,899.
More important than bass quantity, I wanted to listen for bass quality, pitch definition, tightness, accuracy and distortion levels. This is what many music lovers want in a subwoofer. With that said, this is a subwoofer review, so I also pulled-out some of the most punishing, teeth-rattling, bass-centric CDs and DVDs I could find to test this subwoofer.


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43,941 adherent statistic citations: membership and geography data for 4,300+ religions, churches, tribes, etc.
back to poll - believe in God, Netherlands
poll - believe in God, continued...
poll - believe religion can answer today's problems, continued
Books * Videos * Music * Posters
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text:
JMJ's Catholic Store
Call: (949)812-1799
310 E. Orangethorpe Ave.
Suite A
Placentia, CA 92870
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