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Meet actress & Miss India Bikini 2015 Nikita Gokhale, who is an Instagram sensation
Amanda Cerny Pictures: These pics of Playboy model & actress Amanda will take your breath away!
Kajol & Ajay Devgn's daughter Nysa brutally trolled for visiting a temple in a crop top
Gorgeous pictures of Bigg Boss 13 contestant Paras Chhabra's girlfriend Akanksha Puri
Sapna Bhavnani gets brutally trolled for her kissing picture with Bani J
Glamorous pictures of 19-year-old tennis sensation Bianca Andreescu
Alia Bhatt, Neetu Kapoor, Karan Johar & other B'wood stars attend Manish Malhotra's father prayer meet
Bewitching pictures of Soundarya Sharma you simply can't miss!
Unseen pictures from Priyanka Chopra and Nick Jonas's haldi ceremony
Malaika Arora makes heads turn with her stunning bold avatar, see pictures


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Dacus Library hours for the week of Monday, November 18th to Sunday, November 24th:
|Building Hours
|Commons Desk Hours
|Monday – Thursday
|24 Hours
|8:00 AM to Midnight
|Closes at 7:00 PM
|8:00 AM to 7:00 PM
|1:00 PM to 6:00 PM
|1:00 PM to 6:00 PM
|Opens at 1:00 PM
|1:00 PM to Midnight
The Information Commons desk opens at 8:00 AM and closes at midnight during 24 hour access. Only the main floor remains open after midnight.
View complete library schedule
Don't forget, you need a valid Winthrop ID card in order to access the library.

subset: commoncrawl


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Colorado Gives Day set for Tuesday
Over the past two years, Coloradans illustrated tremendous generosity by contributing $20 million to their favorite local charities during Colorado Gives Day. Organized by Community First Foundation, Colorado Gives Day is an initiative to increase philanthropy in Colorado through a 24-hour period of online giving with a goal to inspire and unite Coloradans in supporting nonprofit organizations throughout the state. Giving begins at midnight on Tuesday and runs until midnight. All donations will be directed to the charities specified by the donor. FirstBank has again pledged $300,000 through an Incentive Fund that will leverage every gift and be distributed proportionally as a "boost" to each donor's contributions. One of more than a dozen nonprofits in Summit County registered with GivingFirst, The Summit Foundation will be eligible to receive donations through Colorado Gives Day. To save time and ensure your contribution runs on Tuesday, you may schedule a donation ahead of time. Simply go to the Colorado Gives Day website at givingfirst.org. Next, click the "Donate Now" button and find the charity of your choice. The donation screen includes a check box to send your donation on Tuesday.In addition to The Summit Foundation, Summit County and neighboring community-based organizations eligible to receive contributions through Colorado Gives Day include Boys and Girls Club of South Park, Breckenridge Music Festival, Colorado West Regional Mental Health, CASA of the Continental Divide, Continental Divide Land Trust, Domus Pacis Family Respite, Family & Intercultural Resource Center, Friends of the Dillon Ranger District, Full Circle of Lake County, High Country Conservation Center, Keystone Science School, Keystone Symposia, Lake Dillon Theatre Company, National Repertory Orchestra, Rocky Mountain Rural Health, SOS Outreach, Summit Community Care Clinic, Summit Public Radio & TV, and Volunteers for Outdoor Colorado.
Start a dialogue, stay on topic and be civil.
If you don't follow the rules, your comment may be deleted.


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2012 NAIA Men's Soccer Players of the Week - No. 2
By Chad Waller, Director of Communications and Sports Information
KANSAS CITY, Mo. - Andi Hoffer of Thomas (Ga.) has been named the NAIA National Men's Soccer Defensive Player of the Week and Brad Lyons of Concordia (Mich.) has been tabbed National Men's Soccer Offensive Player of the Week, the national office announced Tuesday. Hoffer and Lyons were selected based on their performances from Sept. 3 - 9 and were chosen out of a pool of conference/independent/unaffiliated groupings.
Hoffer, a 6-foot, junior goalkeeper from Ingolstadt, Germany, notched two wins against ranked opponents last week. In the 3-2 victory over NCAA Division II and 19th-ranked Christian Brothers (Tenn.) on Sept. 3, Hoffer stopped seven of nine shots-on-goal. He followed that up with a four-save effort in the 4-1 win against No. 9 Mobile (Ala.) on Sept. 8. Mobile has been averaging five goals in each of its first three matches on the season. Overall, Hoffer totaled 11 saves in 180 minutes.
On the season, Hoffer is 3-1-0 in goal with 20 saves.
Lyons, a 6-foot, senior forward from Walled Lake, Mich., established a school record for a single-match. He was the offense for the Cardinals in their 6-1 victory against Purdue Calumet (Ind.) on Sept. 7. His six goals broke the previous school record done twice, with the most recent occurrence coming in 2003. Lyon's effort was one shy of the NAIA single-game high this season.
Lyons ranks fourth in the NAIA in total season goals (8) and seventh in points (16).
For a complete listing of all the national statistical leaders, click here.
For the complete player of the week calendar, click here.
Offensive Nominees: Felipe Silva, Hannibal-LaGrange (Mo.); Nathan Would, Thomas (Ga.); Gustav Carlsson, Campbellsville (Ky.); Nick Heffernan, Rocky Mountain (Mont.); Jordan Green, Hastings (Neb.); Mady-Goudha Dagbahio, Martin Methodist (Tenn.); Jared Perez, Clarke (Iowa); Gordy Gurson, Robert Morris (Ill.); Briant Reyes, Kansas Wesleyan; Matt Annecchiarico, Point Park (Pa.); Guilherme Frota, Central Methodist (Mo.); Adam Black, Oklahoma City; Tyler Hartlage, Spring Hill (Ala.); Pedro Alba, Tennessee Wesleyan; Septi Danciu, Concordia (Ore.); Matthew Yeoman, Southwestern Christian (Okla.); William Prado, Concordia (Calif.); Kyle Hamlin, Grace (Ind.); Viktor Ahlgren, Marymount (Calif.).
Defensive Nominees: Tim Walker, Olivet Nazarene (Ill.); Dusty Stephens, Northwest Christian (Ore.); Jamie Waters, Bellevue (Neb.); Mike Sweers, Aquinas (Mich.); Stephen Lunney, Martin Methodist (Tenn.); Taylor Parrott, McPherson (Kan.); Yuta Nomura, Lindsey Wilson (Ky.); Thomas Cooke, Jamestown (N.D.); Mason Bandy, William Penn (Iowa); Marcus Oliveira, Oklahoma Baptist; Juan Guzman, Great Falls (Mont.); German Schacht, Central Methodist (Mo.); Jacob Files, Spring Hill (Ala.); Ashley Peyton-Bruhl, Lyon (Ark.); Lewis Wilcox, Midland (Neb.); Dylan Fouts, Asbury (Ky.); Matt Amis, Reinhardt (Ga.); Julio Trejo, Concordia (Calif.); Collin Cone, Grace (Ind.); Alex Palomarez, Menlo (Calif.).
2012 Men's Soccer Players of the Week (Offensive; Defensive)
Week 1 (Sept. 4): Will Monsour, Belhaven (Miss.); Henry Moody, Texas at Brownsville
Week 2 (Sept. 11): Brad Lyons, Concordia (Mich.); Andi Hoffer, Thomas (Ga.)


text: ProMed Products Xpress carries quality ellipticals for your patients to use during physical therapy. Your patients will be able to exercise, build strength and maintain their good health. Our ellipticals are easy to use and guarantee a satisfying experience. The ellipticals are durable and will hold patients of various sizes.


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Modern slavery: how new regulation will impact consumer companies
Consumer companies are most at risk of exposure to modern slavery but those with robust supply chain management strategies are likely to be best placed as the spotlight becomes brighter.
29 September 2016
Hidden human rights risks
The UK's Modern Slavery Act was passed into law in early 2015, in a bid to tackle slavery in the global supply chains of companies trading in the UK, and firms will begin disclosing their compliance from October 2016.
The Act comes amid a broader trend of increased supply chain regulation and greater scrutiny on working conditions.
It is a clear indication that governments are assuming an increasingly active and demanding role in the regulation of companies' behaviour, particularly with regard to the corporate sector's social impact.
The definition of modern slavery encompasses a range of humans rights abuses from forced labour, bonded labour and human trafficking, to servitude and child labour.
It is estimated that there are 45.8 million slaves in the world today, many of which may be indirectly employed in the supply chains of multinational companies.
Figure 1: Estimated number of people living in slavery worldwide in 2015
Source: Statista, Walk Free Foundation, https://www.statista.com/chart/4937/modern-slavery-is-a-brutal-reality-worldwide/
Consumer sectors at highest risk
Our analysis showed that consumer companies are the most exposed to the risk of slavery given the degree to which manufacturing is often outsourced and nature of the products involved. High risk goods include rice, spices, tea, coffee, cocoa and cotton.
We found that companies operating in the food products and tobacco categories are the most vulnerable as they produce agricultural products or source raw materials from countries with high modern slavery risk.
Clothing firms are also susceptible to the risk of modern slavery through their sourcing of cotton, leather and ready-made garments while restaurants are the least likely to be exposed.
As the spotlight on slavery becomes brighter, it will be those firms that are further advanced in assessing supply chain strategies, with close supplier relationships and comprehensive supply chain monitoring, that are likely to be least exposed to the risk of slavery.
Investment impact
Looking at the wider impact of the Modern Slavery Act, we have identified three key investment implications, which are summarised below.
1. Efficiency gains:
We believe that the requirement for better visibility further down the supply chain, where transparency is weakest, may be a catalyst for increased efficiency gains among lower tiers.
For example, following the exposure of the labour abuses in the Thai fishing industry (which supplies many global food producers and retailers), Tesco has reported a much better understanding of the lower tiers of its supply chain.
Our engagement meetings with the company confirmed that management has been able to apply these lessons across its broader supply chain to reduce risk.
2. Increasing costs for laggards:
Companies with leading supply chain practices are better placed to respond to regulation, but laggards will need to invest more to keep up with a rising bar. This may materialise through higher capital and operational expenditure.
The extent to which these higher costs impact profit margins may be determined by a company's position in the value chain and the characteristics of the sub-sector in which it operates.
3. Supply chain consolidation:
We expect regulatory pressures to reinforce current trends toward onshoring and supply chain consolidation. There are a number of examples in various industries where firms are already bringing certain areas of outsourced production back "in house".
While such efforts could boost capital spending in the short-term, they could also increase operational efficiencies and improve product quality over the longer term.
It is too early to assess the impact of the UK's Modern Slavery Act but our proprietary analysis shows that there will undoubtedly be ramifications for a number of firms.
As active owners we will engage with the companies identified as high risk to encourage them to strengthen their practices and provide more transparency and evidence that they are mitigating potential risks along their supply chains.
To find out more please read our full, in-depth report below.
Important Information: This communication is marketing material. The views and opinions contained herein are those of the author(s) on this page, and may not necessarily represent views expressed or reflected in other Schroders communications, strategies or funds. This material is intended to be for information purposes only and is not intended as promotional material in any respect. The material is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. It is not intended to provide and should not be relied on for accounting, legal or tax advice, or investment recommendations. Reliance should not be placed on the views and information in this document when taking individual investment and/or strategic decisions. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future results. The value of an investment can go down as well as up and is not guaranteed. All investments involve risks including the risk of possible loss of principal. Information herein is believed to be reliable but Schroders does not warrant its completeness or accuracy. Some information quoted was obtained from external sources we consider to be reliable. No responsibility can be accepted for errors of fact obtained from third parties, and this data may change with market conditions. This does not exclude any duty or liability that Schroders has to its customers under any regulatory system. Regions/ sectors shown for illustrative purposes only and should not be viewed as a recommendation to buy/sell. The opinions in this material include some forecasted views. We believe we are basing our expectations and beliefs on reasonable assumptions within the bounds of what we currently know. However, there is no guarantee than any forecasts or opinions will be realised. These views and opinions may change. To the extent that you are in North America, this content is issued by Schroder Investment Management North America Inc., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Schroders plc and SEC registered adviser providing asset management products and services to clients in the US and Canada. For all other users, this content is issued by Schroder Investment Management Limited, 1 London Wall Place, London EC2Y 5AU. Registered No. 1893220 England. Authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority.


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Ever since I was a little kid playing Mattel handheld football people have been talking about how to use video games to get kids to actually learn something. The old trope is, kids waste time playing video games but if they could just learn something while playing then it would be a win-win.
The problem is that kids see right through this, and games that are "educational" or teach something "useful" aren't particularly fun. Some learning games are great, and as a Dad I often make my kids practice their math facts (for example) using apps on their iPods. But my kids know they're memorizing arithmetic and not really playing a game.
I think comparing Rocksmith 2014 Edition, a "game" from Ubisoft that teaches you to play guitar, to a game like Rock Band or Guitar Hero does both a disservice. People play Guitar Hero to relax, have fun and fantasize a little about playing guitar with a band on stage. Rocksmith uses some of the principals of this type of game but instead of a video game controller in the shape of a guitar the player uses a real electric guitar. The learning curve might be a bit more steep, but before you realize it you're actually playing the guitar.
To be fair, I have been playing guitar for many years and although I'm not great I do have some abilities. If anything I think that ended up being a bit of a hindrance in using Rocksmith. Anyone who learned guitar the old fashioned way by reading books and looking at chord charts might find this method difficult to grasp at first. Like Guitar Hero Rocksmith uses a sort of moving "track" to show you which notes are coming up next, except the "track" is broken down into the individual strings and frets of the guitar. For someone who has played before it's not the most intuitive thing to grasp at first, and I have to admit that my 40-something brain found it hard to translate but eventually I got the hang of it. For someone who has never played guitar or only has very rudimentary knowledge I think it might be much easier to master.
There are 50 some-odd songs to choose from (main list is here) and teaching those songs is the core of the experience. When you start to learn a song the first time through it starts so simply that it almost seems like you've misjudged the settings somehow and made it too easy. But each time you go through the song it gets a little more difficult, and pretty soon (if you've taken the time to go through the individual lessons) you're playing the song you've been working on.
There is one BIG issue that anyone thinking of buying it needs to consider. If your audio from your video game console travels over the HDMI cable with the video then there is definitely going to be some audio lag. Basically there will be a split-second between when you strum the guitar and when you hear it over your TV. The audio lag pretty much makes the game unusable in my opinion so before you buy please check out this web page to see if your setup is compatible (Ubisoft also smartly includes this exact thing as a huge one-page sheet packed inside the box). Split seconds don't seem like a big deal, but when you're trying to play along with the music on the game a split second can be infuriating. I used an audio adapter for my XBOX 360 and output the audio to a separate speaker which worked great. Again, check out this page on the Rocksmith website before you buy to make sure your setup is compatible or that you can do something to make it compatible.
There's a lot more to Rocksmith that I'm leaving out - like fun mini-games that help you drill chords, notes and scales; and a very thorough step-by step lesson section with videos. The whole learning experience is very comprehensive and in my opinion it does a great job.
If you've got a child with a video game console and an electric guitar then it seems to me that this is something you should definitely consider. And for us Dads who always wanted to learn how to play the guitar (or get better beyond the three chords you learned in college) it's also very much recommended.
And it goes without saying, no one ever impressed a girl because he was great at Guitar Hero.
Rocksmith 2014 Edition is available for PC/Mac, XBOX 360 and Playstation 3 for around $79.99 with the cable included, and $59.99 without.


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Kim Kardashian & Kanye West Dissed 'Simpsons'-Style — See The Pics
The couple of the year gets dissed in the most hilarious way. Check out Kim Kardashian and Kanye West get transformed (and made fun of) in these 'Simpsons'-style pics.
Kim Kardashian and Kanye West have gone animated! Artist AleXsandro Palombo created Simpsons-style versions of classic poses from the couple, including the Kimye Vogue cover and Kim's 2007 Playboy shoot! Talk about a funny diss!
Kim Kardashian & Kanye West: Dissed 'Simpsons'-Style
When you combine Kim Kardashian, Kanye West and The Simpsons together — that's what you call art. Artist AleXsandro Palombo took the craze behind Kim and Kanye's recent wedding and made hilarious caricatures of the couple.
From their famous Vogue cover to naked selfies, AleXsandro didn't hold back on the hilarious Kimye diss.
AleXsandro created a Simpsons-style version of Kim's sexy booty selfie, and created a Kanye one, too!
The artist also included some scandalous photos of the caricature Kim, which might be NSFW. AleXsandro poked fun at Kim's Playboy shoot and recreated many of Kim's super sexy poses and topless photos!
The couple was also dissed when AleXsandro created a caricature of Kim, Kanye and North flashing their butts to the paparazzi! Is he making them the butt of the ultimate joke?
Kim Kardashian & Kanye West: Long Line Of Disses
AleXsandro wasn't the first person to diss Kimye. Model Naomi Campbell was one of the first to diss the Vogue cover, along with Sarah Michelle Gellar and even The Muppets. Then, the couple experience many disses in regards to their May 24 wedding. First, Kim's brother Rob Kardashian bailed on the nuptials, and then Kanye's BFF Jay Z skipped the entire wedding!
For Kimye, this is just a long line of disses for the couple. But you know what they say about that, "haters gonna hate."
HollywoodLifers, what do you think about the Kim and Kanye Simpsons-style diss? Is it funny or did the artist go too far? Let us know!
— Avery Thompson


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That Nairobi plays a dominant role as a regional hub is not in doubt. Over the last half century Kenya has established its role as a dominant regional player and Nairobi, continues to entrench its place in Africa .The reasons go beyond the traditional reasons of:
- Relative security and stability (as tested by recent terrorist incidents in the Country)
- A young and educated workforce
- Growing and stable economic performance
I give my thoughts and views as why we have the current situation of office oversupply in Nairobi:
Speculative Development: Over a decade or so, developers have increased the supply of commercial buildings speculatively and not particularly in response to "specific demand". What this means is that we have stock that does not specifically address the demand in terms of quality and expectations.
Understanding the growth drivers (and in turn demand for commercial space):
In a recent publication, the World Bank identifies some of Kenya's growth drivers as services and I quote, "Between 2006 & 2013, 72% of the increase in Kenya's GDP came from services and mainly financial intermediation and mobile communication; partly owing to innovative solutions such as M-Pesa (mobile money) — stimulated demand for traditional services such as trade". One must therefore consider, if these are the growth areas, how much of the office stock can these growth sectors absorb? And what type of stock do those engaged in these services require. For example, there are more than 40,000 M-Pesa retail agents (some of who also sell other products and services); how much space does Uber require for its offices? How much office space does the young entrepreneur who works off the internet to connect farmers to markets or inputs working off their smart phones require?
I contend, developers would best be advised to:
- Invest in professional best use studies ahead of developments. The global & local Corporates, that every developer desires to attract as tenants have very specific requirements and standards that such research can help you identify. It would also be useful to understand what percentage of the demand they constitute and the growth projections in these categories of Grade A tenants
- Seek to understand the requirements of the various users of office space and deliver to these specifications
However, in the short term, we must rethink the target for the existing stock. Addressing the fast growing service sectors and the illustrations above, we must review who and how we market the available stock. None of these users will be attracted or would require 3000 to 5000 sq ft. of space, yet we continue to see agents/brokers /developers advertise space on the basis of 1 occupier per floor/wing.
It is instructive that serviced office operator, who has introduced serviced offices that are "basic no frills" would set up and capture a market that more established existing operators cannot service. Coffee shops fill the gap – and surf office as the connecting agent/broker!


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Teacher resources and professional development across the curriculum
Teacher professional development and classroom resources across the curriculum
the Video Unit 2
Watch the Video
(30 minutes) and Discuss (30 minutes) [Top]
The video includes three segments:
1. The Death Penalty: Is It Constitutional?
Throughout U.S. history, judges have had to interpret constitutional
principles in the light of unique cases and social contexts. A basic
question facing judges is how much weight should they assign to
changing societal norms and public opinion in their decisions. Should
the Constitution be interpreted as a fixed set of principles that
endure even though society changes, or should it be reinterpreted
and reapplied as society changes? This is not a new question. In
fact, the Constitution's framers themselves disagreed over the answer.
The death penalty and the vague language of the Eighth Amendment
offer excellent examples of the difficulties in applying the Constitution
to specific societal problems.
Discussion Questions
Post-Viewing Activity
and Discussion (10 minutes) [Top]
Try the Critical
Thinking activity for Unit 2. This is a good activity to
use with your students, too.
1. Are Additional Constitutional Amendments Needed? (10 minutes)
After researching the current amendments, develop and present a
proposal for a new amendment. Possible changes might include new
rights (e.g., a right to education or health care), altered governmental
powers (e.g., presidential declaration of war), or changes in procedures
(e.g., term limits for Congress or the Supreme Court, direct popular
election for presidents). Discuss why the amendment is needed and
strategies for gaining ratification.
Homework [Top]
Read the following Readings from Unit 3 to prepare for next week's
Classroom Applications
You may want to have your students do the post-viewing activities:
Ongoing Disputes Over the Meaning and Application of Constitutional
Principles and Are Additional Constitutional Amendments Needed?
They are provided for you as blackline masters in the Appendix of
the print guide.
© Annenberg Foundation 2017. All rights reserved. Legal Policy


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Struggling Rays hope to turn season around
ST. PETERSBURG -- Andrew Friedman and his front office staff have seen the same thing everyone else has seen. They've watched every day as an often maddening season unfolds, one that took the Rays into Tuesday's action with easily the worst record in baseball.
Manager Joe Maddon has seen it for 65 games. Not since the Devil Rays roamed Tropicana Field has Tampa Bay struggled this much. The Rays have held the Majors' worst record for six days. Before this stretch, Tampa Bay had spent exactly one day since 2008 with the Majors' worst record. The Rays haven't been this far under .500 since finishing the 2007 season at 66-96.
ST. PETERSBURG -- Andrew Friedman and his front office staff have seen the same thing everyone else has seen. They've watched every day as an often maddening season unfolds, one that took the Rays into Tuesday's action with easily the worst record in baseball.
Manager Joe Maddon has seen it for 65 games. Not since the Devil Rays roamed Tropicana Field has Tampa Bay struggled this much. The Rays have held the Majors' worst record for six days. Before this stretch, Tampa Bay had spent exactly one day since 2008 with the Majors' worst record. The Rays haven't been this far under .500 since finishing the 2007 season at 66-96.
Baseball Prospectus' odds give them a less than 3 percent chance to make the postseason for the fifth time since 2008.
Maddon has maintained his typically positive attitude and optimistic outlook, but these two months or so have baffled him as well. How has his club, picked by many this spring to reach and possibly win the World Series, sputtered to a 24-41 record? How is this Rays team, with its club-record payroll and seemingly ideal blend of talent, the worst in baseball?
But now, the most pressing question for the Rays is about what's ahead, not what led them here. It's can they turn it around?
"I want to believe that it's very difficult for a good group to go this bad this long and not turn it around," Maddon said.
The starting pitching has struggled at times to overcome injuries to Matt Moore, Jeremy Hellickson and Alex Cobb. But Cobb is back, David Price is putting up historic strikeout-to-walk numbers and Chris Archer continues to develop into a front-line starter. Erik Bedard has helped steady the back of the rotation as well.
The one thing they need to do is pitch deep into games, as the Rays have won only five of the 34 games in which their starter has failed to pitch six innings.
The Rays' bullpen had to pick up a lot of the early season slack. They lead the Majors in relief innings pitched and often were stretched thin earlier this year. Grant Balfour, brought in for two years and $12 million, pitched his way out of Tampa Bay's closer job.
But with Jake McGee, Joel Peralta, Juan Carlos Oviedo, Brad Boxberger and Cesar Ramos turning in solid work and a number of reliable options available in the Minors if needed, there's hope for the relief corps.
So now, the Rays' challenge is the same as always: getting their lineup to crank out enough runs to support the pitching staff. They have the lowest-scoring offense in the American League. They've been shut out nine times. They've scored fewer than five runs 43 times, and they're 10-33 in those games.
"We've never been an offensive juggernaut. That's never been our M.O. We've always pitched it and caught it," Maddon said. "We haven't been able to fill in some of the blanks offensively. We were able to do that. We're not able to do that right now."
Tampa Bay believes its season-long struggle to put runs on the board has been a confluence of several factors, but it ultimately comes down to a collective case of underperformance. Seemingly every hitter has been worse this season than his track record would suggest.
But that's also why the Rays cling to some sliver of hope -- the same reason there was so much of it for this team during the early morning Spring Training workouts in Port Charlotte, Fla. They believe they've put together a talented roster, one capable of making a deep run in October, no matter how many players are injured or how far back they've fallen in the standings.
"I think the biggest and best thing about data and the things that we use is it's kind of a fog light," Friedman said Wednesday, when the Rays returned home from the worst road trip in Tampa Bay history. "We have that same reaction that other people do when you're watching a game and certain things don't play out the way you want them to. But under the surface and peeling it back, we have really good players that are going to have really good years. It just hasn't synced up so far this year.
"Everything that I know about the game and everything that we've done in looking at things suggests that we're going to be significantly better. So I believe in that."
That's why Maddon set a high bar for them Wednesday night: get to 50-50 and see what happens. It may seem like a daunting goal, but Maddon pointed out the Rays have gone on similar runs while "standing on our heads in the past." And it's true: They went 21-5 last July.
But there is a sense of urgency for Tampa Bay as the club tries to turn things around.
"It's definitely doable for this club. We haven't played anywhere near what we believe we're capable of," second baseman Ben Zobrist said. "That belief is there that it's going to happen at some point. We just hope when it happens, it's not too late."
As the losses pile up, the rumor mill has begun churning about the availability of players like Price, Zobrist and outfielder Matt Joyce so the Rays can replenish their farm system, save money and look toward next year. But Friedman said he was "not at all" thinking about the idea that Tampa Bay might become sellers before the July 31 Trade Deadline.
The Rays have almost their entire roster under team control for several more years, too, so their plan is as much about 2015 as it is this year. It's impossible to predict what will happen in July or further down the road, of course, but it would seem that Tampa Bay plans to keep its core intact.
"If we didn't believe in the talent level of this group, we'd have a different mindset, probably. But we do [believe in them]," Friedman said. "When we wake up one day, hopefully we're right back in the thick of things. You can't do that if you don't have the talent to do it. But we believe very strongly that we do."
The Rays' season hinges on that belief turning into reality. They have underperformed to a stunning degree thus far, but is that who they are? Are they the worst team in baseball? Or have their overlapping cold spells simply set up one collective hot streak that somehow slingshots them back into contention?
It would be a long climb back, and it would have to start immediately. But the Rays believe in the numbers, and they believe in their players.
"We believe that these guys at the end of the year will be plus-or-minus a few percent of kind of who they've been," Friedman said. "You think, at the end of the year, these guys for the most part are going to be who they are.
"If that's the case, then we're in for a fun four months of watching guys play really well."
Adam Berry is a reporter for MLB.com. Follow him on Twitter at @adamdberry.


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Discovered on eBay - post your finds here
Posted 03 May 2012 - 13:12
Judging from the asking price it must be pretty rare (although a slight bit of delusion may be on display here)
Otaki 1/20 Indy Turbine
Posted 23 July 2012 - 13:44
1/87 McLaren
It would appear there was a whole line of these kits. Who knew.
1/87 scale F1 kits
Edited by biercemountain, 23 July 2012 - 13:46.
Posted 23 July 2012 - 16:53
Posted 23 July 2012 - 18:43
Racing models in 1:87 scale
Posted 23 July 2012 - 21:54
A hillclimb on a H0 layout would be neat. You can have a line of dissimilar cars queuing up to start. And it gets over the perennial problem with a model railway: the trains move but any vehicles in the lineside effects don't so buses have to be at bus stops, cars parked, etc
Wow, never seen those before. Imagine a railway diorama in HO with a grand prix circuit incorporated somehow...
Posted 26 July 2012 - 19:01
Posted 26 July 2012 - 20:11
For everyone out there who's been pining to work on something smaller than a 1/43 model
1/87 McLaren
It would appear there was a whole line of these kits. Who knew.
1/87 scale F1 kits
The old Safir Champion range from 1969 reboxed
Posted 30 July 2012 - 16:58
Otaki Caparral 2H
Edited by biercemountain, 30 July 2012 - 17:01.
Posted 30 July 2012 - 17:48
Posted 31 July 2012 - 12:32
Curious choice of scale - 1:28
I seem to recall Otaki using that scale a fair amount. Lord knows why…
Posted 01 August 2012 - 14:06
I seem to recall Otaki using that scale a fair amount. Lord knows why…
Just to be different maybe?
Somebody is selling the whole set of Can-Am cars that Otaki made.
I found some years ago the AVS Shadow on a swap meet. Accuracy wasn't their strength...at least in the case of the Shadow:
Note the air inlets beside the cockpit and the engine.
PS: this is actually not my model but a shot from the web.
Posted 22 August 2012 - 19:07
Airfix Vauxhall
Posted 22 August 2012 - 22:32
Posted 09 September 2012 - 17:26
Prices which are not quite as crazy as that for the item David found, but £30.99 for a crumpled instruction sheet?? It's not even for the first series issue.
More crazy prices on ebay for original Airfix kits.
Airfix Vauxhall
Posted 10 September 2012 - 15:10
not torn but a little grubby
Only 50 bucks so far...
But it is bug's spit compared to this one: CLICK HERE
If this is not utter dementia, I guess we are in for a ride.
Edited by T54, 10 September 2012 - 15:16.
Posted 13 September 2012 - 20:26
There is also an interesting OSCA powered device for sale at the same auction.
Posted 13 September 2012 - 21:01
Hmmmm! Does anybody know the address of that Chinese factory that can produce perfect clones of anything made of metal?
Only 50 bucks so far...
But it is bug's spit compared to this one: CLICK HERE
If this is not utter dementia, I guess we are in for a ride.
Posted 14 September 2012 - 05:35
Not ebay but an auction non the less:
Some race results for Honoré Wagner here:
Apparently, he wasn't fifth with this car at the Eifelrennen in 1952. The photo with #30 on the car appears to be taken at Reims, so apparently he finished fifth there with the car, not with a BMW as the results say.
Vince H.
Posted 20 November 2012 - 12:05
Posted 30 November 2012 - 09:47
Shameless plug.....btw, anyone want a Brumm 1:43 Ferrari P3 spyder or 1960 250TR?
Paul M
Posted 11 December 2012 - 21:24
Sure do. Try the Pinin Farina Sigma from 1969, because it is quite obvious that the Lindberg design was copied from it.
Maybe the Indy guys should have had a look it it before spewing that ugly new Dallara contraption...
Here's the Lindburg Sigma "Indy Car" by itself:
Indy Car
Posted 11 December 2012 - 21:42
Ford GT40
Posted 11 January 2013 - 08:46
Posted 07 March 2013 - 21:08
Posted 08 March 2013 - 08:26
Anyone looking for a bargain?
Now that's what I call a brief description.
Posted 08 March 2013 - 09:50
Anyone looking for a bargain?
At that price you could just about buy your own E-Type, Alfa(?) and racing circuit.
Posted 08 March 2013 - 21:11
Posted 12 March 2013 - 21:10
Posted 06 July 2013 - 19:00
Classic Models Museum offers a BRM P160 winner Zeltweg 71 and winner Monaco 1972 in scale 1/12th on ebay now
item no.:
Posted 15 July 2013 - 17:57
Although there is no model name on the underside of the car it is undoubtedly the Ferguson P99 4WD car. Although the shade of blue is too light for that used on Rob Walker cars, it does have the white hoop on the nose and Moss's race number "7". The model was produced by Marx Toys Hong Kong, and until I came across this I was not aware that any models were made of the Ferguson P99 in period. Or, does anyone know of another manufacturer modelling the car?
For a toy I think this is a very passable model of the Ferguson. Unfortunately one wing mirror is missing and the other one has been fixed facing the wrong way! Incidentally, I have another Marx racing car, a Cooper Climax, which also has mirrors facing the wrong way which suggests quality control on the Marx production line wasn't that stringent.
Posted 15 October 2013 - 08:11
Shamless plug, a friend of mine asked if I'd e-bay a 1975 British Grand Prix Marlboro Promotions Dossier in which this A4 photo of Emerson Fittipaldi appears.
Edited by arttidesco, 15 October 2013 - 08:11.
Posted 24 October 2013 - 08:58
I discovered this model of Le Mans on eBay, I did not think it was reproduced in 1/43 ...
perhaps some of you have pictures of this car?
is it a really one Lehnam English construction or French one ?
Posted 26 October 2013 - 14:54
Shamless plug, a friend of mine asked if I'd e-bay a 1975 British Grand Prix Marlboro Promotions Dossier in which this A4 photo of Emerson Fittipaldi appears.
Just arrived a nice addition to my collection thanks
Posted 01 December 2013 - 09:57
I put a Lotus 21 type body on Ebay....
be quick, finishes today
Edited by Rudernst, 01 December 2013 - 09:58.
Posted 27 January 2014 - 10:34
A splendid selection of 1/32 sports-racing slot cars by Matthias Pohl currently on offer, particularly interesting if you have a penchant for Targa Florio racers
Posted 13 February 2014 - 21:23
I have just won this on ebay. An attractive and fairly accurate model of a Cooper Climax (T51 ?). It was made by ELM Toys (Empire Made). For some time models manufactured in plastic have been something of the poor relation in the toy/model collecting world, but rather unfairly I think. I have come across some very good plastic models of racing cars which were made in the 50s/60s. I suppose it does depends on whether you are a stickler for authenticity, or, like me, are combining an interest in toys and motor sport. The box also gives it a nice period flavour.
Edited by pete53, 13 February 2014 - 21:28.
Posted 14 February 2014 - 11:44
That looks like a fairly decent representation of the car, Pete. I'd have been delighted to receive that back in the'50s. Nice acquisition.
Posted 09 April 2014 - 10:04
Just a word of warning to collectors who frequent E-bay - yesterday it was not possible to obtain the sub-section "Motor Sport" when looking for books in the "Sports" section. Browsers were left to trawl through books about every sport in the universe. Today there are some sub-sections, but nothing for motor sport (I attempted to find it through "outdoor activities" like an idiot).
So there you have it - yet again the site organisers have b***ered up the system. Well, they have for me, because I'm an incompetent when it comes to IT. Does anyone know how to access the books on our favourite subject?
Update - my incompetency knows no bounds. I've just spotted tiny letters "see all" above the sub-sections. So I was wrong, but I still don't forgive E=bay. Why do they make it so hard? It's barely visible to those with poor eyesight.
Edited by nicanary, 09 April 2014 - 16:35.
Posted 23 April 2014 - 18:08
The best place to find books, old or new, is Amazon.
Posted 23 April 2014 - 20:08
The best place to find books, old or new, is Amazon.
As a buyer I've had a few disappointments from Amazon where the book has been described as 'very good' when it clearly wasn't, whereas on ebay you at least get a picture of the item you're bidding on so you can make your own judgment. You can also correspond directly with the seller if there are any queries. As a seller, there's little difference in overall costs, but again ebay gives you the opportunity to post decent pictures and a more detailed description. There are pros and cons with both Amazon and ebay - but I wouldn't say one was 'better' than the other - if you're searching for something surely you'd look at both, as well as other sites such as Abebooks, Alibris, Biblio etc. (or your local book shop if you're lucky enough to still have one).
Posted 20 June 2014 - 20:31
28 books from Barry Lake's library are for sale now:
- 100 Years of GM in Australia by Norm Darwin Holden History [AU $139.90]
- LONGFORD Fast Track Back By Barry Green Excellent 1st Ed [AU $139.00]
- Stanguellini Big Little Racing Cars by Luigi Orsini & Franco Zagari [AU $119.00]
- Talbot-Lago Talbot Lago de Course by Pierre Abeillon Limited Edition [AU $385.00]
- Time and Two Seats Five Decades of Long Distance Racing Slip Case Janos Wimpffen [AU $1800.00]
- Can-Am Racing Cars: Secrets Of The Sensational Sixties Sports-Racers Ludvigsen [AU $39.90]
- The Bicocca Of The Degli Arcimboldi Pirelli Rubber Museum [AU $44.90]
- Memoirs of Mr Ferrari's Lieutenant by Franco Gozzi [AU $99.00]
- The Official Formula One Annual 2001 Annual Edited by Nigel Mansell [AU $28.00]
- Racing With a Difference The History of IMSA by John Starkey [AU $399.00]
- Mille Miglia Race: The Postwar Years by A Curami G Nada Softback [AU $129.90]
- Glory Days Albert Park 1953 - 58 by Barry Green 1st Ed SIGNED [AU $89.90]
- Mythos Solitude by Tobias Aichele German Text [AU $34.00]
- OM Una Storia Nella Storia Edizioni Negri [AU $49.00]
- Grand Prix Suisse by Adriano Cimarosti [AU $335.00]
- Le Tour de Corse Automobile 1956 1986 by Maurice Louche Signed 1st Ed [AU $249.00]
- 24 HEURES DU MANS 1923-1992 by C Moity Jean-Marc Teissedre A BIENVENU 2 Vols [AU $699.00]
- ERA The History of English Racing Automobiles by David Weguelin [AU $335.00]
- 1946 and All That by Anthony Pritchard Photography Guy Griffiths Ltd ED [AU $249.00]
- Les 24 Heures Du Mans 1923 1982 Jean-marc Teissedre Pierre Moity [AU $89.00]
- The Aston Martin DB3S Sportscar by Chris Nixon Ltd ED [AU $679.00]
- Maserati The Postwar Sportsracing Cars Joel FINN Hardcover [AU $339.00]
- Polvere e Gloria - La Coppa d'oro delle Dolomiti (1947-1956) Cancellieri [AU $119.00]
- Maserati Birdcage Tipo 60 and 61 Sports Racing Cars by Joel E Finn [AU $349.00]
- Racers and Rascals The Vintage Sport Car Club of Victoria Geoff Burford Ltd Ed [AU $149.00]
- Jaguar Sports Racing Cars C D E Type XKSS by P Porter Signed by Norman Dewis [AU $480.00]
- Les Grand Prix de Provence et de Marseille by Maurice Louche Signed 1st Ed [AU $139.00]
- Maserati a Complete History from 1929 to the Present L Orsini F Zagari Slip Case [AU $399.00]
Edited by AAA-Eagle, 20 June 2014 - 20:40.
Posted 30 July 2014 - 19:22
Has anyone observed the ludicrous prices that this French vendor asks for opening bids? Does he ever get a bid? None have been received for his current list of lots.
Posted 30 July 2014 - 23:59
Has anyone observed the ludicrous prices that this French vendor asks for opening bids? Does he ever get a bid? None have been received for his current list of lots.
Or this one:
…but it's the postage that kills you
Vince H.
Posted 03 August 2014 - 18:29
He's going for the next round:
I rather go for an original for max €5000 than for the 'toy'...
Posted 03 August 2014 - 19:32
Very strange. I have tried to ask a question and been rejected five times!
Posted 30 August 2014 - 15:03
I know there are always people looking for this:
Posted 11 September 2014 - 01:06
I have seen a number of the following MG for sale on ebay as per this link:
Can anyone please confirm that the scale is actually 1/43, as I have seen the same Corgi MG TF diecast stated as 1/36.
Which scale is more accurate?
Posted 16 September 2014 - 14:16
Def 1/36. It's a model of a real car by the way that iss till racing with the MGCC.
Posted 22 December 2014 - 15:18
What might a Le Mans trophy be worth ?
Posted 23 December 2014 - 11:24
The inscription on the trophy is interesting.
J M Lelievre was president of the ACO but he died in 1976 3 years before the date on the trophy.
Presumably the trophy was awarded in his honour but who to?


text:
The following questions were developed for the North Carolina End-of-Grade (EOG) Tests and are aligned to the 2003 Mathematics Standard Course of Study. The North Carolina Department of Public Instruction (NCDPI) has chosen to release this group of questions so that the public may have access to questions similar to those that appear on the EOG tests administered during the school year 2005-2006 and beyond.
These sample questions reflect only a small part of the range of questions which might be asked to measure student achievement on the grade level objectives of the SCS. While sample questions can be useful, teaching and learning should be driven by the full richness and content of the objectives.
These materials and the information contained within must not be used for personal or financial gain. North Carolina LEA school officials and teachers, parents, and students may download and duplicate these materials for instructional and educational purposes only. Others may not duplicate or quote from these materials without prior written permission from the North Carolina Department of Public Instruction (NCDPI) Division of Accountability Services/North Carolina Testing Program.
Note: Drawings may not be to scale.
Grade 6 Mathematics Goal 1, Number and Operations (pdf, 481kb)
Grade 6 Mathematics Goal 2, Measurement (pdf, 444kb)
Grade 6 Mathematics Goal 3, Geometry (pdf, 472kb)
Grade 6 Mathematics Goal 4, Data Analysis and Probability (pdf, 458kb)
Grade 6 Mathematics Goal 5, Algebra (pdf, 448kb)


text:
Friday, July 2, 2010
A few months ago a girlfriend and I went to a workshop on beneficial bacteria. We learned about making kraut and kefir but the coolest part was the KOMBUCHA I was super intrigued by this alien looking thing in a huge glass jar.
The people that were hosting the workshop were really informative and gave us a taste of it. It had been brewed with ginger and lemon, it was fizzy and very tasty. I had seen the health drinks in the stores, but I have always been reluctant to buy one. Probably because they can be expensive.
So what is Kombucha? Its a is a fermented beverage made of tea and bacteria cultures. Suppose to have healing properties? I have read a bit about it and decided that it sounded neat and was something I wanted to try.
So I have been on the look out for a baby since. Now when I say "baby"....if you are lucky enough to know someone whom has kept theirs happy, it will grow another one. You are suppose to give it away, to keep the cycle going. A friend of a friend has been successful with theirs and asked if I wanted one. Ummm...YEAH!
This afternoon my friend came over with a SCOBY ( Symbiotic Colony of Bacteria and Yeast ) for me! I had to Google what to do with it. Apparently you brew some sweet tea, and let it cool, pour the baby in a big glass jar let it sit for 20 or so days drain and drink.
I am excited to see what happens. Have you ever tried growing you own kombucha? If you have what are your experiences with it?
8 comments:
Truthfully, it scares the crap out of me to even try. I like seeing others try and succeed with this particular venture. :)ReplyDelete
No I haven't. I am scared that I will grow some type of gremlin...ReplyDelete
I'm still a little curious as to why you got the baby and not me. It must have been the cinnamon rolls at the Halifax Crafters show. I've been promised the next baby, so I'll wish you luck and call soon with lots of questionsReplyDelete
Ha Ha. Yes..and it's yummy! I was buying the stuff at the store for almost $4 a bottle. So I got a scoby from a friend and have been making it ever since.ReplyDelete
I just started adding fruit puree to the bottles to make flavors. We'll see how that turns out...maybe I'll BLOG about it. Ha!
i have been all over making kombucha on my blog...very cool you are trying your hand! keep me posted on how yours turns out! I am on batch 2 in 2 diff jars, but have at least 5-7 days more to go...ReplyDelete
Noelle...it does look kinda scary.ReplyDelete
Maria...hehe gremlin, that was a funny movie.
Anne...Yes it must of been the cinnamon rolls or..she just likes me better :P
MoonMama...Do you add the fruit puree after you drain it or in with the scoby?
Averie...I looked at it yesterday at it has grown!
do you have any now ?ReplyDelete
I don't have any right now...it got to be too much to take care of. If you want a baby, I can ask my friend?ReplyDelete


text: AOSIS OpenJournals http://www.openjournals.net email@example.com http://www.koedoe.co.za 1683-7584 2071-078X Preliminary assessment of surf-zone and estuarine line-fish species of the Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area, Eastern Cape, South Africa A preliminary assessment of surf-zone and estuarine line fish was carried out in the Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area (MPA), on the Wild Coast, South Africa. The purpose was to provide baseline data on inshore line-fish stocks in the MPA. A total of 28 species was recorded, of which 53% have a conservation status reflecting some concern and 43% are endemic to southern Africa. This highlights the value of the MPA for protection of important line-fish species. Within the MPA, localised differences were detected in species diversity, size frequency and catch per unit effort between unexploited and illegally exploited areas. These differences were more prominent in slow growing, long-lived species. It thus appears that illegal exploitation is negatively affecting fish populations within the MPA, which counteract and potentially could eliminate the benefits of fish protection typically associated with no-take MPAs. These results highlight the need for improved law enforcement and better communication with neighbouring communities to increase awareness. It is further recommended that the current no-take status of the MPA should be maintained. In addition, baseline fisheries information was collected on certain fish species that could be used to inform future conservation management of the MPA. Conservation implications: The Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area is unique and important for the conservation of key surf zone and estuarine fish species. However there is a significant risk to the fish populations due to illegal exploitation. Key interventions should include enhanced law enforcement but, more important, the creation of alternative livelihoods and long term sustainable benefits to local communities. Jan A. Venter1,2 1Department of Biodiversity Conservation, Eastern Cape Parks and Tourism Agency, South Africa 2School of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Westville Campus, South Africa Bruce Q. Mann3 3Oceanographic Research Institute, Marine Parade, South Africa Jan Venter firstname.lastname@example.com PO Box 11235, East London 5213, South Africa 105954110.4102/koedoe.v54i1.1059 30 June 201102 June 201210 Sept. 2012Venter, J.A. & Mann, B.Q., 2012, 'Preliminary assessment of surf-zone and estuarine line-fish species of the Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area, Eastern Cape, South Africa', Koedoe 54(1), Art. #1059, 10 pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v54i1.1059 © 2012.The Authors. Licensee: AOSIS OpenJournals. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License. Introduction Research and monitoring of marine biodiversity features is an essential component of the management of marine protected areas (MPAs). This is particularly true for inshore line-fish species, as they are predominantly over-exploited (Cowley, Brouwer & Tilney 2001). Marine protected areas can play an important role in providing a refuge for over-exploited line-fish stocks and the 'spillover effect' is an important ecosystem service provided to adjacent exploited areas (Bennett & Attwood 1991; Cowley et al. 2001; McClanahan & Mangi 2000; Kerwath et al. 2008). Many surf-zone line-fish species have both recreational and subsistence value and could thus be considered to have significant socio-economic importance along the Wild Coast (Fielding et al. 1994; Pradervand 2004). The Dwesa-Cwebe MPA was formally declared as a marine reserve in 1991 (Transkei Environmental Conservation Decree No. 9 of 1992), and re-proclaimed in terms of the Marine Living Resources Act (Act No. 18 of 1998) in 2000. The entire reserve is currently zoned as a no-take MPA, where no consumptive marine resource use is permitted. However, enforcement has been problematic since the MPA's proclamation and certain sections of the MPA continue to be utilised illegally by local community members, hotel guests and holiday cottage owners residing within the Dwesa-Cwebe Nature Reserve. Currently, considerable pressure is being placed on management authorities to rezone certain sections of the MPA to accommodate subsistence and recreational fishing. However, a recent report strongly advised against such action, due to the potential negative impacts on line fish populations (Fielding 2010). Little data exist on the surf-zone and estuarine line-fish stocks within the MPA, and thus a monitoring project was initiated at the beginning of 2009 with the following objectives, (1) to provide baseline data on the surf-zone and estuarine line-fish species assemblage, (2) to document size composition and relative abundance of key inshore line-fish species and (3) to gain an understanding of the impacts of current illegal fishing on inshore line-fish species within the MPA. This paper presents the preliminary results of this project for the years 2009–2010. Study area The Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area is located on the Wild Coast, approximately 120 km northeast of East London on the east coast of South Africa (Figure 1). The MPA incorporates approximately 16 km of mainly rocky shore coastline and extends 6 nautical miles (10.8 km) out to sea. The MPA is located in a transition zone between the Agulhas and Natal bioregions (Lombard et al. 2004; Maree, Booth & Whitfield 2000). Because of its location within this region of transition, the MPA is considered to be in a sensitive area that is not replicated elsewhere on the coast of South Africa (Fielding 2010). The Mbashe Estuary, situated centrally within the MPA, ranks 28th in terms of the conservation importance of estuaries in South Africa (Turpie et al. 2002). The surf-zone adjacent to the Mbashe mouth is also considered to be a key spawning aggregation site for white steenbras (Lithognathus lithognathus), the stock of which has collapsed (Bennett 1993; Mann 2000). Research method and design Study sites Two sample sites were initially identified where research fishing took place. These were the Cwebe sample site and the Dwesa sample site, located to the north-east and south–west of the Mbashe Estuary mouth respectively (Figure 1). Each sample site was 3.6 km long and incorporated representative portions of the available inshore habitats. It was known from field ranger patrol data, law enforcement records and from physical signs left by shore fishers, that the Cwebe sample site received more illegal fishing pressure than the Dwesa sample site (ECPTA, unpublished data). At the end of 2010, a third sample site, namely the Mbashe Estuary, which stretches from the estuary mouth up to the old pont ± 5 km upstream, was also incorporated into the study area (Figure 1). Catch and effort data Detailed catch and effort data were collected by means of research fishing, similar to the methods described by Attwood (2003). Four-day sampling trips took place in the months January, May, July and October 2009 as well as February, August and October 2010. The number of anglers used during sampling trips varied between 4 and 8. Fishing took place during daylight hours (between 07:00 and 17:00) using a variety of baits (mainly pilchards, squid, prawns and red bait). An equal amount of time, in terms of the number of days, was spent fishing in the different sampling areas. All fish caught were carefully handled, measured to the nearest millimetre and released unharmed. Barbless hooks were used to reduce release mortality. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) was calculated as the number of fish caught per angler per hour. It was assumed that CPUE was directly related to relative abundance and takes the form CPUE = Nq, where N is abundance and q is the catch ability factor that mediates the relationship (Bennett & Attwood 1991). The catch per unit effort CPUE was calculated as: 1059_Koedoe_Eqn1.JPG where E was calculated as ∑Hi per day with H as the hours fished by angler i, C was calculated as ∑Fi per day where F is the number of fish caught by angler i . Sampling effort was spread over the sampling sites by setting time constraints. Once an angler started fishing at an area within the sample site, he had to stay there for at least one hour but could not stay longer than two hours. When an angler moved, he had to move a distance of more than 50 m. Trimble GeoXM Global Positioning System (GPS) handheld computers (Trimble Navigation Limited, Sunnyvale, California, USA) with Cybertracker software (Liebenberg 2003) were used to collect data in the field. At the end of each sampling day, all data were transferred to a laptop computer. Fish species status was described according to their stock status (Griffiths, Attwood & Thomson 1999) and/or according to their International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List category if they had been assessed (IUCN 2011). Differences in size structure, site-based CPUE and species-based CPUE between the Dwesa and Cwebe sample sites were tested using t-tests. Results from the Mbashe sample site were not included in the statistical analysis because of insufficient data. ResultsSpecies diversity, status and composition A total of 28 species was recorded during the study period (Table 1). The Dwesa site produced more species than the Cwebe site and the Mbashe Estuary (Table 2). Of the total of 28 species, five were cartilaginous fish and 23 were bony fish species. Line fish species diversity varied between the sites, with 17 fish families being sampled in total and the Dwesa sample site producing 15, the Cwebe sample site 13 and the Mbashe only four families (Table 2). Twelve of the species sampled were southern African endemics, with the Dwesa sample site producing 11, the Cwebe sample site 10 and the Mbashe site zero (Table 2). The stock status of the species sampled included one optimally exploited, three over-exploited, six collapsed, 14 unknown and three probably over-exploited or collapsed species (Table 2; Mann 2000). One species was classified as endangered, two were classified as vulnerable, two near-threatened and two least concern, according to the IUCN Red List for threatened species (Table 2; IUCN 2011). These included two serranid species and the rest were cartilaginous species. The other 21 species, which were all bony fish species, have not had their conservation status evaluated except for L. lithognathus, which was listed as 'lower risk/conservation dependent', by older IUCN criteria (Table 2). The most abundant fish species caught in the MPA during the study period were from the families sparidae, sciaenidae, serranidae and rhinobatidae (Table 1). Species such as Austroglossus sp., Gymnothorax undulatus and Amblyrhynchotes honckenii, which technically are not typical line-fish species, were occasionally sampled, but were included in the results for species inventory purposes (Table 1). Size composition Only a few species were sampled in sufficient numbers in order to compare size composition between the different sample sites. These included Pachymetopon grande, Diplodus sargus capensis, Argyrosomus japonicus, Epinephelus andersoni and Rhinobatos annulatus. Although less abundant, P. grande in the Dwesa sample site were significantly larger than those in the Cwebe sample site (Figure 2a and Table 3). Differences in sizes of D. s. capensis between those caught in the Dwesa and Cwebe sites were not significant (Figure 2b and Table 3). Argyrosomus japonicus sampled in the Mbashe were smaller than those caught in the surf-zone (Figure 2c). However, there was no significant difference between the size of A. japonicus sampled in the Dwesa and Cwebe sample sites (Figure 2c and Table 3). Epinephelus andersoni showed similar size frequency distributions within the two sample sites (Figure 2d and Table 3). There was also no significant difference between the sizes of R. annulatus caught in the Dwesa versus the Cwebe sample sites (Figure 2e and Table 3). Catch per unit effort Sample site catch per unit effort The overall CPUE for all sites sampled in the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA was 0.71 fish.angler-1.hour-1 + 0.48 SD; N = 191. The CPUE in the Dwesa sample site (0.84 fish.angler-1.hour-1 + 0.49 SD; N = 94) was significantly higher (P = < 0.0001) than that in the Cwebe sample area (0.57 fish.angler-1.hour-1 + 0.43 SD; N = 89) (Figure 3 and Table 4). The highest CPUE was achieved during the July 2009 sampling trip and the lowest during the February 2010 sampling trip (Figure 3). The first Mbashe Estuary sampling trip produced a similar CPUE (0.83 fish.angler-1.hour-1 + 0.43 SD; N = 8) to the Dwesa sample site (Figure 3 and Table 4). Species-specific catch per unit effort The CPUE for P. grande was similar during the different sampling trips, with a peak in the Cwebe sampling site during July 2009 (Figure 4a). The CPUE for this species was significantly lower at the Dwesa sample site compared to the Cwebe sampling site (Table 4). Catches of D. s. capensis peaked in July 2009 at both sites and the CPUE for D. s. capensis was significantly lower in the Cwebe sample site compared to the Dwesa sample site (Figure 4b and Table 4). The CPUE of A. japonicus was highly variable (Figure 4c). The CPUE for this important species was significantly higher in the Dwesa sample site than in the Cwebe sample site (Figure 4c and Table 4). A high CPUE (0.44 fish.angler-1.hour-1 ± 0.33 SD; N = 8) of small A. japonicus was recorded in the Mbashe Estuary during the first sampling trip conducted there in October 2010. Catches of E. andersoni stayed relatively stable over the first six sampling trips (Figure 4d). The CPUE for E. andersoni was significantly lower in the Cwebe sample site in comparison with the Dwesa sample site (Figure 4d and Table 4). There was no significant difference in the CPUE for R. annulatus between the Dwesa and Cwebe sample sites (Figure 4e and Table 4). Ethical considerations ECPTA have adopted the standard SAIAB ethical procedures for handling aquatic organisms and research was conducted under permits issued through the Department of Environmental Affairs and the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Discussion Cognisance must be taken of the preliminary nature of the results presented in this paper, which span a period of only two years and seven field trips. Götz, Cowley and Winkler (2008) recommend a minimum of four years' sampling. However, the pressure currently being placed on the authorities responsible for the management of the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA to open up parts of the reserve to subsistence and recreational shore-angling warranted analysis and publication of these results in order to help guide the decision-making process. The 28 species sampled during the current study period represent only 72% of the possible 39 inshore line-fish species likely to occur in the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA, based on the results of an earlier survey of the lower Transkei coast (Mann et al. 2003). Other studies in the former Transkei area also produced more species and families (Table 5) (Mann et al. 2003; Pradervand 2004). These studies were based on roving-creel as well as shore-angling competition data and spanned a large proportion of the Wild Coast shoreline. In the case of the competition data (Pradervand 2004), these were collected over a substantially longer time period (1977–2000), from the Umtamvuna to the Mbashe River. Further afield, the Port of Ngqura (Dicken 2010), Tsitsikamma MPA (Götz et al. 2008) and the Goukamma MPA (Dicken 2010; Götz et al. 2008; Pradervand & Hiseman 2006) were also more species diverse than the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA (Table 5). However, as only one sampling method was used during the current study (i.e. shore-angling), the number of fish species sampled was limited. A variety of sampling methods, which include line-fishing, underwater visual surveys, seine netting and possibly rotenone collections (for small cryptic species), over a long time period, are needed to enable compilation of a comprehensive fish species list for an MPA (Wood et al. 2000). Further sampling is thus needed in the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA to establish a more comprehensive fish species list. Several overexploited and collapsed line-fish species were present in the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA as a whole. Some were relatively abundant (e.g. A. japonicus, E. andersoni and P. grande), whilst other species were less abundant (e.g. Dichistius capensis, Pomatomus saltatrix, Umbrina robinsoni, Epinephelus marginatus, Cymatoceps nasutus, Rhabdosargus sarba, Sparodon durbanensis and L. lithognathus). The red-listed species for which IUCN assessments currently exist included only serranids and a few elasmobranch species. These included one endangered species (E. marginatus), two vulnerable species (Carcharius taurus and Haploblepharus fuscus) and two near-threatened species (E. andersoni and Triakis megalopterus). The only other species with red-listed status was the endemic sparid L. lithognathus (Skelton 1996). The assessment for L. lithognathus was done using older red-listing criteria and needs to be re-assessed (IUCN 2011). The process of red-listing South African sparids and sciaenids is currently underway and the results should be available by the end of 2012 (B. Mann, March 2012 ORI, pers. obs.). A high proportion of the species sampled (53%) had some level of concern in terms of their stock status (or red-list status) and 43% were southern African endemics. This highlights the importance of the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA for the protection of threatened line-fish stocks. These results are not surprising considering that the MPA falls within an important transition zone between the Agulhas and Natal bio-regions (Lombard et al. 2004; Maree et al. 2000). The MPA can thus be considered to be of high conservation importance in terms of these criteria (Bond 1989; Wood et al. 2000). The three most abundant species caught in the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA were D. s. capensis, P. grande and A. japonicus. In other areas of the former Transkei, outside proclaimed MPAs, the most abundant species were P. saltatrix, D. s. capensis, R. annulatus, P. grande and Sphyrna sp. (Table 5) (Mann et al. 2003; Pradervand 2004). Further south, in the Goukamma MPA, the most abundant species were D. s. capensis, D. capensis and Sarpa salpa (Table 5) (Pradervand & Hiseman 2006), whilst in the Tsitsikamma MPA, D. s. capensis, D. capensis and Boopsoidea inornata were the most abundant species caught from the shore (Götz et al. 2008). The main difference between the above areas and the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA was the abundance of A. japonicus and P. grande. Only the Port of Ngqura, which is not a formally protected area, had similar abundances of A. japonicus (Dicken 2010). Inclusion of the Mbashe Estuary as a third sampling site in October 2010 revealed a high catch rate of juvenile A. japonicus suggesting that this estuary provides an important nursery area for this species. This was confirmed by current research being conducted in the Mbashe Estuary (N. James, SAIAB, April 2011 pers. comm.). This emphasises the importance of the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA for the protection of this heavily overexploited species. Within the MPA, the Dwesa sample site had a higher number of species than the Cwebe sample site (Table 2) and a significantly higher CPUE, suggesting higher fish abundance (Table 4). Two major factors could be influencing this comparison. One is the difference in surf-zone habitat structure between the two sample sites and the other is the level of illegal exploitation. No surveys have been done to quantify the differences in habitat structure, but from on-site observation, both sites appear to be very similar in nature. Within the surf-zone both sites have sandy substrata, broken rock and sand, rocky reefs and rocky points. With regard to illegal exploitation, there was clear evidence of higher levels of illegal exploitation of fish in the Cwebe sample site. This is not surprising, considering its closer proximity to the hotel, holiday cottages and community areas. This evidence is further supported by the higher number of illegal activities reported by the MPA's field rangers in the Cwebe area (ECPTA unpublished data). These preliminary results thus suggest that illegal fishing on the Cwebe side of the MPA may be having an impact on the surf-zone line-fish community. In addition to this, several species-specific observations were made during the current survey. There was a higher relative abundance of D. s. capensis, E. andersoni and A. japonicus in the Dwesa sample area compared to the Cwebe sample area. All these species are relatively slow growing and reach a maximum age of > 10 years (Cowley et al. 2001; Fennessy 1998). Species with these life history characteristics typically produce a lower yield per unit stock and have a slower rate of recovery following overexploitation (Buxton & Clarke 1989; Cowley et al. 2001). No-take MPAs are therefore frequently recommended as an important tool (in addition to conventional fisheries management regulations) to ensure effective protection and rebuilding of overexploited stocks of species of this nature (Bennett & Attwood 1991; Attwood & Bennett 1995; Cowley et al. 2001; Mann et al. 2006). No-take MPAs help to allow exploited fish stocks to recover by placing a portion of the population off-limits to users. Setting aside a no-take MPA is similar to limiting fishermen in terms of catch and/or effort, or any similar management strategy that effectively decreases fish mortality (Byers & Noonburg 2007; Gell & Roberts 2003; Goni et al. 2010). Illegal exploitation could potentially eliminate the positive effect of fish dispersal (known as spillover) from MPAs (Byers & Noonburg 2007). Byers and Noonburg (2007) also predict that an initial large investment in enforcement efforts would provide the greatest return on maintaining the benefits of the MPA to the fishery of an area. The comparison of length frequencies between the two study areas was less revealing, with only P. grande showing evidence of significantly larger size classes present in the Dwesa sample site compared to the Cwebe sample site. Surprisingly, very few L. lithognathus (0.47% of the total catch) were sampled during the study. This is cause for concern, as the beaches adjacent to the Mbashe mouth were historically well-known for catches of this species, particularly during late winter (July–September) when adults formed large spawning aggregations (Bennett 1993). Although preliminary, the results of this study show that there are significant localised differences within the MPA that are probably caused by illegal exploitation. Significant improvements in law enforcement and education are therefore needed in the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA, in order to decrease the current negative effects of illegal exploitation of fish. Furthermore, it is also recommended that the current no-take status of the MPA should not be changed and that alternative options should be explored to improve socio-economic conditions within the local communities living adjacent to the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA. 1The location of the Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area with the Dwesa, Cwebe and Mbashe sampling sites indicated. 2The length frequency distribution of (a) Pachymetopon grande (Cwebe N = 148; Dwesa N = 70), (b) Diplodus sargus capensis (Cwebe N = 88; Dwesa N = 233), (c) Argyrosomus japonicus (Cwebe N = 46; Dwesa N = 94; Mbashe N = 30), (d) Epinephelus andersoni (Cwebe N = 23; Dwesa N = 55) and (e) Rhinobatos annulatus (Cwebe N = 54; Dwesa N = 51; Mbashe N = 11) in the Dwesa, Cwebe and Mbashe sample areas. 3The catch per unit effort recorded at the three different sampling sites during seven field trips conducted between January 2009 and October 2010. 4The catch per unit effort for five dominant species (a) Pachymetopon grande, (b) Diplodus sargus capensis, (c) Argyrosomus japonicus, (d) Epinephelus andersoni and (e) Rhinobatos annulatus, in the different sample sites in the Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area during seven sampling trips conducted between January 2009 and October 2010. 1A list of the fish species sampled in the Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area with the percentage composition indicated. 2A summary of the species caught (number of families and species) and their stock status according to Mann (2000) and their International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List categorisation. 3Results of the statistical comparison of mean fish sizes between the Dwesa and Cwebe sample sites for five dominant species sampled in the Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area. 4The results of the comparison of catch per unit effort between the Dwesa and Cwebe sample sites for five dominant species sampled in the Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area. Age at 50% maturity and maximum age are also indicated. 5A comparison of fishery statistics between Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area and a number of other areas in South Africa.ConclusionThis is the first baseline species list that has been developed for the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA. The 28 line-fish species recorded in this study include a significant number of nationally and even globally important species from a conservation perspective. Important information regarding the biology of various key species (i.e. length frequency and relative abundance) was collected during this study, which could help inform future conservation management of the MPA. This study has also highlighted the regional importance of the Dwesa-Cwebe MPA by comparing it to other areas along the Wild Coast and further afield. However due to the preliminary nature of this study it is strongly advised that this monitoring project should be continued for a minimum of at least another three years to enable a more reliable evaluation to be made of the effectiveness of this MPA. Acknowledgements We would like to thank the volunteers, especially Daniel Fourie, Keith Funnel, Gerhard Barnard, Harry Steyn and Schalk Steyn, who give up their valuable time to assist with field sampling. Paul Cowley provided valuable assistance during the conception of the project. Colin Attwood, Chantelle Radue and Dave Balfour provided useful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Funding for the study was provided by the Eastern Cape Parks and Tourism Agency, as well as the Department of Environmental Affairs. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationship(s) which may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this paper. Authors' contributions J.A.V. (Eastern Cape Parks and Tourism Agency) was the project leader, was responsible for experimental design, conducted all field work and performed all data analysis. B.Q.M. (Oceanographic Research Institute) was involved in the conceptualisation of the project, helped train field workers and gave substantial input in preparing the manuscript. 1.0.2989/181423203095040202.10.2989/0257761957841564583.10.2989/0257761937842872574.0.3354/meps0751735.Bond, W.J., 1989, 'Describing and conserving biotic diversity', in B.J. Huntley (ed.), Biotic diversity in Southern Africa: Concepts and conservation, pp. 2–18, Oxford University Press, Cape Town.6.10.2989/025776189095045517.0.1890/07-0067.1179743268.Cowley, P.D., Brouwer, S.L. & Tilney, R.L., 2001, 'The role of the Tsitsikamma National Park in the management of four shore-angling fish along the South-Eastern Cape Coast of South Africa', South African Journal of Marine Science 24, 1–22.214.171.12489/1814232X.2010.53813910.ECPTA, 2010, Unpublished field ranger records containing data on law enforcement activities, Dwesa-Cwebe Nature Reserve, Willowvale.11.Fennessy, S.T., 1998, Biology and stock assessment of Serranidae, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban.12.Fielding, P., 2010, Dwesa-Cwebe status report and scientific recommendations, Department of Enivironmental Affairs: Oceans and Coast, Cape Town.13.Fielding, P., Robertson, W.D., Dye, A.H., Tomalin, B.J., Van der Elst, R.P., Beckley, L.E. et al., 1994, Transkei coastal fisheries resources, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban.14.10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00189-715.10.3354/meps0841916.10.2989/AJMS.2008.30.3.7.64117.Griffiths, M.H., Attwood, C.G. & Thomson, R., 1999, 'New management protocol for the South African linefishery', in B.Q. Mann (ed.), Third Southern African Marine Linefish Symposium, pp. 145–156 , SANCOR, Arniston.18.IUCN, 2011, IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Version 2011.2, Retrieved April 2012, from http://www.iucnredlist.org/19.10.2989/AJMS.2008.30.2.10.56020.Liebenberg, L., 2003, Towards a worldwide environmental monitoring network, Cybertracker, Cape Town. Retrieved May 19, 2012, from http://www.cybertracker.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=140&Itemid=12521.Lombard, A.T., Strauss, T., Harris, J., Sink, K., Attwood, C. & Hutchings, L., 2004, 'South African National Spatial Biodiversity Assessment: Marine Component', NSBA Technical Reports, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.22.Mann, B.Q., 2000, South African linefish status reports, Oceanographic Research Institute Durban.23.10.2989/1814232060950420424. 10.2989/1814232030950400225.Maree, R.C., Booth, A.J. & Whitfield, A.K., 2000, 'Effect of water temperature on the biogeography of South African estuarine fishes associated with the subtropical/warm temperate subtraction zone', South African Journal of Science 96, 184–18.104.22.1680/1051-0761(2000)010[1792:SOEFFA]2.0.CO;227.Pradervand, P., 2004, 'Long-term trends in the shore fishery of the Transkei coast, South Africa', African Zoology 39, 247–2126.96.36.19977/1562-7020(2006)41[275:AAOTRS]2.0.CO;229.Skelton, P., 1996, Lithognathus lithognathus, IUCN Redlist, Retrieved 08 June 2011, from http://www.iucnredlist.org/30.10.4314/wsa.v28i2.488531.Wood, A.D., Brouwer, S.L., Cowley, P.D. & Harrison, T.D., 2000, 'An updated check list of the ichthyofaunal assemblage of the Tsitsikamma National Park, South Africa', Koedoe 43, 83–95.


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Tories split as gay marriage backed
David Cameron got his way but saw his party torn in half as gay marriage legislation cleared its first hurdle in the Commons.
The Prime Minister hailed a "step forward for our country" after the House backed the proposals by a big margin of 400 to 175.
However, Labour and Liberal Democrat support masked a massive show of protest by Tories, with 136 taking advantage of a free vote to register opposition.
Just 127 endorsed the proposals at second reading, with 40 more either formally abstaining or not voting.
Northern Ireland Secretary Owen Paterson and Welsh Secretary David Jones voted against, while fellow Cabinet ministers Dominic Grieve and Philip Hammond stayed away.
However, Downing Street will be heaving a sigh a relief after no government members quit to join a rebellion over the timetabling of the legislation.
Responding to the result on Twitter, Mr Cameron wrote: "Strong views exist on both sides but I believe MPs voting for gay people being able to marry too, is a step forward for our country."
Labour leader Ed Miliband - who saw 22 of his own MPs rebel against the legislation - said it was a "proud day".
"The overwhelming majority of Labour MPs supported this change to make sure marriage reflects the value we place on long-term, loving relationships whoever you love."
Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg said it was a "landmark for equality".
PA Media


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Rahm Emanuel, Dick Cheney and what it takes to do Washington's second-most-powerful job.
There's a scene in The West Wing where the president is off to give the State of the Union and the designated survivor — the cabinet member who would be president should the Capitol be destroyed — comes to visit. President Josiah Bartlet (Martin Sheen) asks him:
"You got a best friend?"
"Yes, sir."
"Is he smarter than you?"
"Yes, sir."
"Would you trust him with your life?"
"Yes, sir."
"That's your chief of staff."
In the next room, the president's chief, Leo McGarry overhears and smiles. (The scene is found here.)
Now that White House Chief of Staff Jack Lew is likely to be nominated to be Treasury secretary, it's a good time to ask: What makes a good chief of staff anyway?
After all, it's been called the second-most-important job in Washington, and also the worst. James Baker joked that he was "stupid enough" to take it twice, under Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush.
The post is a function of the modern White House, only coming into bloom after World War II as an extension of the president's personal secretary post. It's evolved to become part CEO, part fixer, part personnel manager, part gatekeeper, and part therapist.
They need to strike a balance between giving presidents what they want and what they need. (One of the inside jokes during the '90s was that Clinton's exasperation with his staff over not having enough free time to think led to more open blocs during his day — that were in part filled by the Monica Lewinsky dalliance.) In other words, saying no to a president is part of the job, too.
So here are six qualities worth keeping in mind for the next chief of staff:
- Know Washington. Americans may like presidents who come from outside Washington (Governors Carter, Clinton, Reagan and the second Bush) but a chief of staff really needs to have a big address book of Washington politics and know which buttons to press, because this is their habitat. Mack McLarty was a widely liked oil-and-gas executive who was Bill Clinton's best friend growing up in Arkansas, but those qualities didn't help him as chief of staff. The organizational mess that was the Clinton White House in 1993 fell on his watch. Donald Regan had many admirable qualities as a former Marine and head of Merrill Lynch, but his tenure as Treasury secretary didn't prepare him for the chief's job.
- Be a Jerk, but Not Too Much of a Jerk. A White House chief of staff spends a lot of time saying no: denying aides a chance to walk into the Oval Office, handling calls from congressional leadership that aren't deemed worthy of going straight to the president. But there's a way to do it without being a complete jerk. John Sununu, George H.W. Bush's chief of staff and a former New Hampshire governor, was famous for belittling staff, being manifestly arrogant, and widely disliked. When it emerged that he had commandeered planes for his own travel and had even gone to stamp-collecting meetings in a White House car, everyone was eager to dime him out. Obama's first chief, Rahm Emanuel, may be famous for his profanity, but he wasn't considered cruel.
- Understand the President's Weaknesses. A chief of staff needs to game out what the president needs. Jimmy Carter had a tendency for micromanagement that led to him personally attending to the White House tennis court schedule — possibly the iconic moment of his crippled presidency. His chiefs, Jack Watson and Hamilton Jordan, didn't tame this tendency in their boss. As a former legislator, Gerald Ford was used to meeting one-on-one with legislators and staff but Chiefs of Staff Donald Rumsfeld and Dick Cheney, for whatever their later faults, understood that Ford had to be managed, lest he overcommit.
- Be a White House Veteran. It's not enough just to be a Washington veteran. The best chiefs of staff have been White House — or at least Executive Office — veterans, too: James Baker, Leon Panetta, Erskine Bowles, Andy Card, Jack Lew. The White House is its own unique beast and time in the executive branch is different than time spent in, say, the House. This is important to understand, because the peculiar rituals of each office — the staff secretary and the National Security Council, the public liaison and the Domestic Policy Council — all have their own niches. Knowing them helps.
- Meet the Press, but Don't Be Too Out Front. The best chiefs of staff have been good press manipulators, willing to talk to reporters but without taking the high-profile, Sunday morning role. Baker was probably the master of this, as were Lew, Cheney, and Rumsfeld. Being too out there can only diminish the president you're serving. Sununu was too far out there as well. Sherman Adams, the first chief of staff under Dwight Eisenhower, was all-controlling until he was undone by accepting a vicuna coat as a gift. The joke circulating in D.C. at the time went like this: One Democrat says, "Wouldn't it be terrible if Eisenhower died and Nixon became president?" The other replied "Wouldn't it be terrible if Sherman Adams died and Eisenhower became president!"
- Fit the Moment. The White House is always busy, even when the president is in the last year of his second term. But it's important to have a chief of staff who fits the moment. Rahm Emanuel made sense for the first kinetic years of the Obama administration where a member of the Democratic House Leadership was a wise choice to work with the Hill. But burning like a Roman candle made less sense after the Republicans took over the House. During Ronald Reagan's second term, Howard Baker was the perfect choice after the Iran-Contra affair and the mess of Donald Regan. He was known as impeccably honest from the Watergate hearings and as the calm and trusted Republican leader in the Senate, which helped quiet Washington. Insiders like Ken Duberstein (Reagan) and John Podesta (Clinton) made sense as calm end-of-term managers, as did George W. Bush's Josh Bolten.
Which brings you back to Leo McGarry. The backstory had him as a successful businessman and former Labor secretary and, yes, the president's best friend. But he wasn't a White House vet. And while John Podesta praised his lavish performance, Podesta said McGarry's not mean enough. That's probably right.
You can find interesting academic literature about the White House chief of staff here and here.
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Vietnam Hero to be Awarded Medal of Honor
By Donna Miles
American Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, Feb. 10, 2007 - More than 40 years after demonstrating the heroism immortalized in the bestselling book and movie, "We Were Soldiers Once ... and Young," retired Army Lt. Col. Bruce P. Crandall will receive the Medal of Honor, the White House announced yesterday.
Crandall will receive the nation's highest military award for actions during the Battle of Ia Drang Valley in Vietnam in November 1965. The battle, at Landing Zone X-Ray near the Ia Drang River, was the first major ground battle of the war.
During the incident, Crandall, then a major and commander of Company A, 229th Assault Helicopter Battalion, 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile), dodged intense enemy fire as he repeatedly flew to a landing zone to rescue and resupply besieged 1st Cavalry Division ground troops.
The narrative for Crandall's Medal of Honor credits him with displaying leadership by example and fearless courage as he "voluntarily flew his unarmed helicopter through a gauntlet of enemy fire on flight after flight, delivering desperately needed ammunition, water and medical supplies into one of the most hotly contested landing zones of the war."
Crandall led a flight of 16 helicopters in support of the 1st Cavalry Division's 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry Regiment, which was out of water, running dangerously low on ammunition and engaging about two regiments of North Vietnamese army infantry "determined to overrun and annihilate them," the narrative reads.
When the enemy fire got so intense that the infantry commander closed the landing zone, Crandall volunteered for the mission. He and his wingman, Maj. Ed Freeman, are credited with saving more than 70 wounded soldiers by transporting them to safety.
Freeman received the Medal of Honor for his efforts in July 2001.
Several books about the battle recognize Crandall and Freeman's contributions. Among the most well-known is the bestselling "We Were Soldiers Once ... and Young," coauthored by Lt. Gen. Harold Moore, commanding officer of infantry units in X-Ray, and Joseph Galloway, a combat reporter who was in the landing zone during the battle.
A major motion picture based on the book featured actor Greg Kinnear as Crandall.
Later during his Vietnam tour, Crandall demonstrated another act of heroism. While under enemy fire, using a flashlight to guide his UH-1 Huey helicopter, he dropped through dense jungle to rescue 12 wounded soldiers. For that action, he was awarded the first AVCO-Aviation/Space Writers Association Helicopter Heroism Award. This award is sponsored by the Aviation/Space Writers Association and AVCC Corporation, and is awarded to an individual for heroism efforts involving the use of helicopter..
During a second tour in Vietnam, in 1968, Crandall was downed during another rescue attempt and spent five months in the hospital. He resumed his military career, retiring as a lieutenant colonel in 1977.
Crandall was inducted into the Army Aviation Hall of Fame at Fort Rucker, Ala., in 2004. He also was the seventh Army inductee into the "Gathering of Eagles," a U.S. Air Force organization that honors contributors to aviation.
Bush will present Crandall the Medal of Honor during a Feb. 26 White House ceremony.
After receiving the Medal of Honor, Crandall will join 111 other living recipients of the award, 60 of them awarded for actions in Vietnam, according to the Congressional Medal of Honor Society.
The Medal of Honor, the highest U.S. military decoration, is awarded "for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life, above and beyond the call of duty, in actual combat against an armed enemy force." Since it was first awarded during the Civil War, the medal has been awarded 3,461 times.
The Medal of Honor was last presented to the family of 22-year-old Marine Cpl. Jason L. Dunham, who died using his body to shield fellow Marines in Iraq from a hand grenade April 15, 2004. President Bush awarded Dunham's Medal of Honor posthumously during a Jan. 11 ceremony at the White House.
[Web Version: http://www.defenselink.mil/News/NewsArticle.aspx?ID=3006]


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Carole Hodgson
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The Association for Neuro-Metabolic Disorders, (ANMD), a non-profit organization, was founded in 1984 at the University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor. ANMD's primary objective is to serve as an advocate organization for families of patients with neuro-metabolic disorders such as phenylketonuria (PKU), maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), galactosemia and biotinidase. ANMD provides educational information for parents and children; provides networking information on support groups for new parents; supports scientific research into the treatments of neuro-metabolic disorders.
Serial Publications: ANMD Newsletter (newsletter), three issues per year--articles address a variety of subjects concerning neuro-metabolic disorders and families who have a member with such a disorder.
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