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The National Women's Soccer League announced the 2014 league schedule on Friday, including the Houston Dash's 24-game slate for its inaugural season.
The Dash open their season against Portland Thorns FC on Saturday, April 12 at BBVA Compass Stadium in the first-ever match for the newest NWSL franchise. Portland, 2013 NWSL Champions, features U.S. women's national team stars Alex Morgan, Tobin Heath and Rachel Van Hollebeke (née Buehler) as well as Canada women's national team all-time leading scorer Christine Sinclair.
The 12-game BBVA Compass Stadium home schedule will see all eight NWSL teams visit Houston at least once, with Portland (April 12 and May 14), FC Kansas City (May 3 and June 14), the Western New York Flash (June 11 and July 5), and the Washington Spirit (June 28 and July 17) visiting twice.
The 2014 home schedule includes six Saturday dates, three Wednesday matches, two Friday games and one Thursday match. The Dash home slate concludes on August 9 against Sky Blue FC, with the regular season coming to end on August 17 against the Boston Breakers at Harvard Stadium.
With the introduction of the Dash, the NWSL has expanded their schedule to 24 games per team, with every team playing each other three times in the regular season.
Single game tickets are not yet available, but fans can purchase tickets to all home games via Dash season tickets, with 5-game plans also available. Full-season ticket packages start at $168, with partial season ticket packages starting at $65. To purchase a package or for more information, call (713) 276-GOAL or click here.


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Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence includes assault crimes committed against family members or between individuals who reside together, have children together, or have a dating relationship.
Our goal at the Grand Traverse County Prosecutor's Office is to hold offenders accountable while ensuring the safety of the victim. We realize that this is a crime that often affects entire families (victim, defendant, children and other relatives).
Niki Dunwiddie
is the advocate specifically assigned to Domestic Violence cases. Ms. Dunwiddie is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. She works with victims to ensure their safety, have access to community resources and to be certain their voice is heard in court. Ms. Dunwiddie also assists victims in navigating the court process as well as coping with the trauma of the assault. She also provides support during the court process and during times of crisis. Ms. Dunwiddie is available for counseling with Domestic Violence victims, if needed.
86th District Court
The Prosecutor's Office also works closely with the
86th District Court Domestic Violence Court
, where cases are fast-tracked so that the disruption to the family is lessened. Probation officers who specialize in domestic violence cases work closely with offenders, who are often ordered to attend classes in healthy relationships, substance abuse treatment or to address other needs.
Child Support / Paternity
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subset: commoncrawl


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Migrating Landscapes
The WAG is pleased to partner with Winnipeg-based 5468796 Architecture and Jae-Sung Chon on the national presentation of Migrating Landscapes, Canada's submission to the 2012 Venice Biennale in Architecture. Migrating Landscapes is being run as a nation-wide series of exhibitions and competitions for architects and designers. Each entrant creates two things: a short video in which they reflect on how their personal experiences of migration have influenced them as designers, and a model of a new design for a dwelling. The dwelling models will be 'settled' into/onto a larger abstract wooden modular landscape.
Regional exhibitions were held in seven cities—Vancouver, Calgary, Saskatoon, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montreal and Halifax. Regional juries selected the top entries, which are now on view at the WAG. Eighteen out of the twenty-six finalists have been selected by a national jury (made up of Eleanor Bond, Ian Chodikoff, Anne Cormier, Bruce Kuwabara and John Patkau) to represent Canada at the Venice Biennale (August through November, 2012). See them for yourself and engage with the project by sharing your own migration/immigration experiences at the Speaker's Corner set up in-Gallery, and through an interactive global map. You can even cast your vote to determine a People's Choice Award recipient!
Migrating Landscapes is a timely and provocative exhibition, particularly as immigration is becoming so hotly debated in many parts of the world. It will generate and showcase innovative new dwelling designs that reflect regional character and the designer's own cultural heritage. Creating an archive of migration stories from Canadians across the country, Migrating Landscapes demonstrates and embraces Canada's multiculturalism and democracy.
Download your own fold-a-house, which can be printed and constructed! See all six styles, designed by University of Manitoba, Environmental Design students:
For more information, visit MLO's website - click HERE
Related Programs & Events
Past Programs & Events
Free Public Opening: Migrating Landscapes
Experience Canada's submission to the 2012 Venice Biennale in Architecture, organized by 5468796 Architecture and Jae-Sung Chon. Showcasing innovative new dwelling designs, Migrating Landscapes creates an archive of migration stories from Canadians across the country.
Thursday, March 15, 2012 from 7pm to 9pm
Tour - Migrating Landscapes
Drop-in for a tour of Migrating Landscapes with exhibition organizer Jae-Sung Chon.
Saturday March 24, 2012 at 3pm
Gallery Hours
- Tuesday 11am-5pm
- Wednesday 11am-5pm
- Thursday 11am-5pm
- Friday 11am-9pm
- Saturday 11am-5pm
- Sunday 11am-5pm
- Closed Monday


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About Firewalls and ClearCase
Technote (FAQ)
Is IBM Rational ClearCase supported for use through a firewall, can it be configured to use the ClearCase MultiSite variables, CLEARCASE_MIN_PORT and CLEARCASE_MAX_PORT, and what is the expected behavior when a desktop firewall is configured in the environment?
Note: The information in this technote has been incorporated into the 8.0 version of the IBM Rational ClearCase Information Center.
Currently, Rational ClearCase processes are not supported to operate through a firewall. If you are using a personal firewall, it is possible to configure it for use with ClearCase. It is not possible to configure a corporate firewall for use with ClearCase.
Refer to the Exceptions section below for information about MultiSite exceptions.
Note: IBM Rational ClearCase is known to operate correctly through firewalls in internal networks if the following conditions are met:
- Port 371 (UDP and TCP) is passed through to any/all ClearCase server hosts from the allowed hosts.
- All ports over 1024 (UDP and TCP) are open from the allowed ClearCase client hosts to needed ClearCase server hosts.
- On Windows with McAfee Antivirus (access protection), also open port 6666 (IRC). Cleartool.exe may use that port to acquire a license. If you do not open that port, the user command will fail with error: Unable to contact albd_server on host.
ClearCase Port Assignment
Rational ClearCase communicates using different server processes through indiscriminate ports.
ClearCase specifically uses port 371 for the albd_server process; however, the ports to which the child processes spawned from the albd service are assigned dynamically.
It is the nature of the port assignment that makes firewall access with ClearCase impossible.
Note: Port-based firewalls within a development environment will cause problems for the ClearCase or ClearCase MultiSite environment.
- The ClearCase MultiSite Shipping Server, which can work through a firewall because you can configure the shipping server host to use specific ports to send packets through the firewall using either the albd_rt_params.conf file or the CLEARCASE_MIN_PORT & CLEARCASE_MAX_PORT variables. Review technote 1233313 for more information on the albd_rt_params.conf file. Review technote 1207525 for more information about the port environment variables.
- The ClearCase MultiSite msadm_server, which services reqmaster calls, can work through a firewall because you can configure this server to use a single port using the albd_rt_params.conf file. Review technote 1233313 for more information on the albd_rt_params.conf file.
- When using Network Address Translators (NAT), review technote 1167693 for information on the supported configuration for ClearCase clients using NAT hardware.
Known Problems
Review the following technotes as examples of the kinds of results you may encounter if desktop firewall software is in use on a ClearCase host :
- 1122554 - Unable to allocate port in specified range
- 1128548 - albd_rgy_get_entry call failed: RPC: Timed out
- 1121619 - Overlapped I/O operations in progress
Microsoft Windows Vista
- The only workaround to the WAN issue is to use ClearTeam Explorer (CTE) where the CCRC WAN Server is configured within the firewall.
- You can configure your personal firewall to work with ClearCase by allowing all Rational ClearCase processes unimpeded access through the personal firewall.
Note: You can not configure a corporate firewall to work with ClearCase as you cannot configure a corporate firewall to allow specific processes through the firewall.
For example, Windows XP and later comes standard with a personal firewall system on the host operating system. You can enable the firewall and configure ClearCase to work around it as described below.
- Windows XP Firewall
Refer to the IBM Rational ClearCase Information Center for instructions on configuring the Microsoft Windows firewall:
Issues when using Windows Firewall > Enabling network access for Rational ClearCase server processes
- Microsoft® Windows® Vista™ Firewall
The firewall that comes with Windows Vista can affect Rational ClearCase in that it will block the albd_server service from communicating with remote servers.
The firewall can be disabled or it can be configured for specific rules for certain programs.
Refer to the following article on how to configure the Vista firewall, cg0106.
- Windows XP Firewall
Note: Review
technote 1147107 on how to check if the personal firewall is enabled on RedHat® Linux®.
Related information
Store-n-forward alternatives across firewall
CCRC versus CCWeb versus Native ClearCase
Use the Microsoft Windows firewall with ClearCase
A Japanese translation is available
|Software Development
|Rational ClearCase
|Environment Variables
|Software Development
|Rational ClearCase
|Environment Variables
Document information
More support for:
Rational ClearCase
Environment Variables
Software version: 7.1.2, 8.0, 8.0.1
Operating system(s): AIX, HP-UX, IRIX, Linux, Solaris, Windows
Reference #: 1117638
Modified date: 27 April 2015


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Pack of 2 A4 sheets of gold foiled backing card.
34 in stock, immediate dispatch!
FREE Delivery to the UK available on any order!*
If you're spending £50.00 or more with us, just select UK 2nd Class delivery at the shopping basket stage and we'll deliver your order completely free of charge! UK only.
Be the first to Write a Review for this item!
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Lil Wayne's efforts to keep up the beat behind bars have gotten him in trouble in jail, an official said Thursday.
The Grammy Award-winning rapper faces potential discipline after jail officers found a charger and headphones for a digital music player stashed in his cell Monday, city Correction Department spokesman Stephen Morello said. Lil Wayne is serving a yearlong sentence after pleading guilty to a gun charge.
The items are considered contraband, as inmates can listen to music only on radios and headphones sold at the jail commissary. Lil Wayne's lawyer, Stacey Richman, had no immediate comment Thursday.
Officers said the music player itself turned up in another inmate's nearby cell. Both men were charged with infractions that aren't crimes and will be subject to a jail disciplinary process, not a court. Punishments can include being segregated from other inmates.
Lil Wayne began serving his term in March in the city's Rikers Island jail complex. He pleaded guilty in October to attempted criminal possession of a weapon, admitting he had a loaded semiautomatic gun on his bus in 2007.
The 27-year-old rapper hasn't had any previous disciplinary problems in jail, where he works as an "inmate observation aide," Morello said. The job entails engaging with other inmates deemed at risk of suicide.
Born Dwayne Carter, Lil Wayne had the best-selling album of 2008 with "Tha Carter III," which won a best rap album Grammy.
As he faced incarceration with his career in high gear, he pledged to keep music on his mind while doing time.
"I'll have an iPod, and I'll make sure they keep sending me beats," he told Rolling Stone for a February story. "I'll be still rapping in there, have a gang of raps ready when I come home."
With good behavior, he could be released as early as November.
Related Content from AccessHollywood.com:
VIEW THE PHOTOS: Hottest Hip-Hop Stars!
VIEW THE PHOTOS: The Latest Star Sightings
PLAY IT NOW: Lil Wayne On 'We Are The World' Anniversary Remix: I Was 'Overwhelmed'
PLAY IT NOW: Access Extended: On The Set - Lil Wayne's 'Get Money'
MORE ACCESS ON THESE TOPICS: Lil Wayne - Media - Jail - Music - TV One


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Rutgers University Scarlet Knights LIMITED EDITION Pen and Ink and Watercolor Art Print by John Stoeckley
Rutgers University Scarlet Knights LIMITED EDITION Pen and Ink and Watercolor Art Print by John Stoeckley
Show your school pride !
A unique gift for Rutgers University Scarlet Knights Alumni
I have created this LIMITED EDITION illustration with Pen and Ink and Watercolor with extreme attention to detail and artistic composition.
Size Options: -9x13 -9x13 print matted to 16x20 -9x13 print matted and framed to 16x20
All prints are numbered and signed by me. Prints can be completely framed and matted. Frames are traditional cherry wood with double matting in Soft Dove Gray (outer), Hunter Green (inner).
Personalize Your Gift !!
Personalize your framed gift. This is only available on framed items. The cost is $14.95.
Add a brass plate (1x3 inches) with up to 4 lines of type. We will center the plate on the mat, below the art, under the glass. It is essential that we receive the copy for the plate exactly as you want it to appear on the brass plate. Name, dates, degrees, punctuation, caps & lower case all should be clear. Please allow two weeks for processing.


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July 25, 2001
Gjovik, Norway - Santa Clara University head coach Jerry Smith's U.S. under-21 national team got two goals from forward Abby Wambach (Rochester, N.Y./Florida) and one from forward Laura Schott (Wilsonville, Ore./UC Berkeley) to record a 3-0 victory over an out-gunned Iceland team in the opening game of the 2001 Nordic Cup Championships.
The Americans out-shot the gritty Icelanders 31-1 for the match and could have racked up several more goals if not for some poor U.S. finishing and some great goalkeeping from Thora Helgad�ttir, who plays her college soccer at Duke University.
"Our performance was very good in all aspects, except for our finishing," said U.S. head coach Jerry Smith after his first Nordic Cup match. "With 31 shots at goal, we would expect to score more than three goals, but it's three points earned and we came out of the match without any injuries."
Iceland played a highly defensive 5-4-1 formation, but the Americans laid waste to the bunker tactics early, scoring in just the 7th minute. The goal was created by U.S. captain Cat Reddick (Birmingham, Ala./UNC) after she intercepted a pass in the midfield and took off on a slashing run through the entire Iceland team. She got to the end line on the left side of the goal and played a cross on the ground to the far post for Schott, who slid and pounded her shot into the net from a sharp angle, five yards outside the post and just two yards from the edge of the field.
The USA made it 2-0 in the 31st minute on a beautiful goal that started in midfield as Schott and Lori Lindsey (Indianapolis, Ind./UVA) played a quick wall-pass to carve through several Iceland defenders. Lindsey then played a brilliant weak-side pass to Katie Barnes (Mason, Ohio/West Virginia) on the right flank. Barnes ran the ball down and took her time before chipping a perfect cross to the far post where Wambach pounded a header into the net from inside the six-yard box.
The USA added its third goal just three minutes into the second half after Devvyn Hawkins (Olympia, Wash./Santa Clara) played a throw-in to Wambach deep in the left corner. She posted up her defender and then rolled inside, making some space for her shot before absolutely pounding the ball into the upper left corner from 12 yards out. The ball ricocheted off the crossbar on its way into the net, giving Helgad�ttir no chance.
"Abby proved in the match that she is the quality striker that we knew she would be when we selected her," said Smith. "She was unlucky not get a hat trick. She might be the best goal scorer in the tournament."
Almost all of Iceland's danger came from the booming kicks of Helgad�ttir, who consistently sent services far into the U.S. half, forcing the American back line to scramble on several occasions. U.S. goalkeeper Hope Solo (Richland, Wash./Washington) picked up the shutout, but besides two through balls that she slid to corral in the second half, had an uneventful match.
Iceland's lone forward Elin Steinardottir was the mouse to the USA's cat as she could do nothing but chase errant long balls and U.S. defenders, who played with a quality rhythm throughout the game, releasing Ally Marquand (Irvine, Calif./Stanford) numerous times up the right flank during the first half and Jena Kluegel (Mahtomedi, Minn./UNC) up the left wing in the second.
Aleisha Cramer (Lakewood, Colo./BYU) was solid in the midfield for the U.S., running the show for the Americans with tremendous savvy and sophistication as she used all of the 74-yard width to carve apart the Iceland defense. But while the U.S. created a cornucopia of chances, they blew numerous opportunities to increase their goal differential, the first tie-breaker should teams finish group played tied on points.
In the 13th minute, the ball was bouncing around inside the Iceland penalty area after a U.S. free kick and Wambach latched onto it, but her well-struck shot was brilliantly saved by Helgad�ttir.
Just before the second U.S. goal, Schott almost scored on a spectacular overhead volley, getting good contact on Lindsey's cross, but cut it wide right.
As Iceland began to tire in the second half, the Americans consistently got behind the defense, but could not convert. In the 54th minute Wambach got loose on the right flank, cut inside to lose a defender and drilled a left-footed rocket that Helgad�ttir had to push away for a corner kick.
Two minutes later, Schott rushed in on a clear breakaway, but tried to round Helgad�ttir to her right and the Icelandic goalkeeper went low to steal the ball off her foot. Schott also had a golden chance in the 65th minute as she ran onto a bouncing ball behind the Icelandic defense, but popped her shot over the goal.
In the 78th minute Wambach ran onto a bouncing ball on top of the penalty area and hit a thundering volley off the corner of the crossbar. In the 82nd minute, Schott's cross from the left flank found substitute Danielle Borgman (Cincinnati, Ohio/UNC), who sent a perfect header across the goal to Wambach, but her volley was spectacularly saved by substitute goalkeeper Maria Agustd�ttir, who had come into the game just a minute earlier.
The U.S. suffered a minor setback in stoppage time as Wambach was issued a yellow card for plowing into the back of an Icelandic defender almost half her size. If Wambach receives one more yellow card in the tournament, she would be suspended for one match.
In the other Group A match, Germany defeated Denmark 3-0 and sites atop the group tied with the U.S. In the Group B matches, Finland upset Sweden, 2-1 and Norway tied and up-and-coming Canadian team, 1-1, after University of Portland-bound Christine Sinclair tied the game in the 87th minute. The USA will face Denmark in its next Group A match on Friday. Kickoff is at 7 p.m. local/1 p.m. ET.
Scoring Summary:
USA - Laura Schott (Cat Reddick), 7th minute.
USA - Abby Wambach (Katie Barnes), 31.
USA - Abby Wambach (Devvyn Hawkins), 48.
USA - 18-Hope Solo, 5-Ally Marquand (6-Casey Zimny, 81st), 4-Catherine Reddick - Capt., 3-Anna Kraus, 2-Jena Kluegel, 17-Aleisha Cramer (11-Jill Oakes, 78th), 23-Devvyn Hawkins (9-Erin Misaki, 76th), 14-Lori Lindsey (7-Lori Chalupny, 66th), 22-Abby Wambach, 16-Katie Barnes (15-Danielle Borgman, 68th), 10-Laura Schott.
ICE -- 1-Thora Helgad�ttir (12-Maria Agustsd�ttir, 82nd), 2-Erna Sigurdard�ttir (5-Embla Gretasd�ttir, 62nd), 4-Eva Gudbjornsd�ttir, 6-Laufey Olafsd�ttir (15-Silja Thordard�ttir, 30th), 7-Elfa Erlingsd�ttir, 9-Erla Hendriksd�ttir, 10-Hrefna Johannesd�ttir (8-Gudny Thordard�ttir, 62nd), 11-Katrin Jonsd�ttir, 13-Laufey Johanessd�ttir (3-Eyrun Oddsd�ttir, 73rd), 14-Elin Steinard�ttir, 16-Asta Arnad�ttir.
Misconduct Summary: USA - Abby Wambach (caution), 91+.


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WASHINGTON, Nov. 30 (UPI) -- The German parliament approved a $51 billion Greek bailout disbursement but the rescue of Greece from its financial problems also hit a serious snag Friday.
The German government overwhelmingly approved the deal after Finance Minister Wolfgang Schauble warned "a Greek bankruptcy could lead to the break-up of the eurozone."
The vote was 473 approving, 100 voting no and 11 abstentions, the BBC reported.
The vote followed an agreement among finance leaders of the 17 eurozone nations Monday to go ahead with payments to Greece that had been delayed since June.
But the bailout effort also hit a new hurdle when the International Monetary Fund said it would not give its part of the money until Greece buys its bonds back.
IMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde "would be in a position to recommend to our executive board the completion of the first review of Greece's program" only after Athens delivers "on the commitments agreed, in particular the implementation of debt buybacks," IMF spokesman Gerry Rice told reporters.
The IMF, based in Washington, is responsible for about 20 percent of the $319 billion in bailout money promised to Athens to date.
The buyback is supposed to cut Greece's debt burden by 10 percent of gross domestic product, deemed crucial for restoring the country's long-term financial viability, the British newspaper The Daily Telegraph said.
If the IMF withdraws, Finland and Holland will also pull out of the program, the newspaper said.
"This has become a really big problem," Raoul Ruparel, head of economic research at London's Open Europe think tank, told the newspaper.
Open Europe, which has offices in Berlin and Brussels, promotes EU economic and political reform.
Rice said the IMF would give Athens until Dec. 13 to buy back the bonds.
That is when Jean-Claude Juncker, president of the eurogroup of finance ministers, said the ministers expected to release their share of about $44.7 billion of Greece's $57.9 billion bailout installment -- delayed multiple times since June.
The dispute comes as Moody's Investors Service said the EU-IMF deal worked out Tuesday to unlock the bailout installment merely papers over cracks and doesn't change Greece's "extreme economic and social fragility."
"We believe that the country's debt burden remains unsustainable," it said.
Moody's said EU countries and official creditors must agree to write down their holdings or there would be no lasting solution to Greece's debt crisis.
Private investors, mostly financial institutions, are furious at demands they take a second "haircut" of 70 percent on their remaining holdings after already taking a 53.5 percent loss earlier this year while official creditors refuse all losses, the Telegraph said.


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|New Market, Md.
|High School:
2012 Outdoor: Set a personal-best of 1.70m (5'7.0") in the high jump at the Morgan State Legacy Meet to break her own school record... Placed sixth in the event at the America East Outdoor Championships... Finished in fourth place at the conference meet in the 100m hurdles with a personal-best time of 14.17 which ranks second in UMBC program history.
2011-12 Indoor: Broke the UMBC school record in the high jump by clearing 1.70m (5'7.0") at the season-opening Bison Opener at Bucknell... Set a career-best in the 60m hurdles with a time of 8.85 in the prelims at the America East Indoor Championships, a time which ranks as the second-fastest in UMBC history... Finished in fifth place in the finals of the event.
2011 Outdoor: Earned a gold medal in the 100m hurdles with a new career best time of 14.64 at the conference outdoor championships…Set a new personal-best in the 200m dash with a time of 26.99 at the America East Outdoor Championships, finishing in sixth… Finished fourth overall, 9.72m (31'10.75"), in the shot put at the America East Championships.
2010-11 Indoor: Set a new personal best in the 60m hurdles with a time of 8.93 at the Penn State Invitational, finishing fifth.
2009-10 Indoor: Finished ninth in the pentathlon with a score of 2,954 points at the America East Championships… Placed eighth in the high jump with a leap of 1.58m (5'2.25") at the conference meet… Hit a season-best mark in the long jump of 5.13m (16'10") at the Gulden Relays, finishing seventh.
Background: Named to All-Area and All-County teams all four years of high school… Won the Maryland State Championship in the high jump as a freshman…Was also a county and region champion… An honor roll student.
Personal: Daugther of Kevine and Colenda Brightful… A psychology major who hopes to become a corporate lawyer... Born June 22, 1991.


text: I am having a problem with my throttle and was hoping someone out there could help me. The old throttle tube and cam gear were old and stripped very badly so I purchased a new cam and throttle tube from one of the larger parts suppliers. The cam gear was a perfect match to the original but the tube was different. It had a type of black plastic collar near the section that goes into the assembly and it didn't slide in a smoothly as the original one did. Then once I put it all together it was very stiff. It seems that the slot in the tube where the piece from the cover plate slides thus holding the tube in place is thinner than the original so there is quite a drag. Called the parts guy and he placed a top cover in the slot and tube they had on the shelves and found the same problem. Said they would have to contact BMW with this issue. Now I can't use the bike. Anybody have any ideas????


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[1] The advocate's task is to present the client's case with persuasive force. Performance of that duty while maintaining confidences of the client is qualified by the advocate's duty of candor to the tribunal. However, an advocate does not vouch for the evidence submitted in a cause; the tribunal is responsible for assessing its probative value.
Representations by a Lawyer
[2] An advocate is responsible for pleadings and other documents prepared for litigation, but is usually not required to have personal knowledge of matters asserted therein, for litigation documents ordinarily present assertions by the client, or by someone on the client's behalf, and not assertions by the lawyer. Compare Rule 3.1. However, an assertion purporting to be on the lawyer's own knowledge, as in an affidavit by the lawyer or in a statement in open court, may properly be made only when the lawyer knows the assertion is true or believes it to be true on the basis of a reasonably diligent inquiry. There are circumstances where failure to make a disclosure is the equivalent of an affirmative misrepresentation. The obligation prescribed in Rule 1.2(d) not to counsel a client to commit or assist the client in committing a fraud applies in litigation. Regarding compliance with Rule 1.2(d), see the Comment to that Rule. See also the Comment to Rule 8.4.
Misleading Legal Argument
[3] Legal argument based on a knowingly false representation of law constitutes dishonesty toward the tribunal. A lawyer is not required to make a disinterested exposition of the law, but must recognize the existence of pertinent legal authorities. Furthermore, as stated in paragraph (a)(3), an advocate has a duty to disclose directly adverse authority in the controlling jurisdiction which has not been disclosed by the opposing party. The underlying concept is that legal argument is a discussion seeking to determine the legal premises properly applicable to the case.
False Evidence
[4] When evidence that a lawyer knows to be false is provided by a person who is not the client, the lawyer must refuse to offer it regardless of the client's wishes.
[5] When false evidence is offered by the client, however, a conflict may arise between the lawyer's duty to keep the client's revelations confidential and the duty of candor to the court. Upon ascertaining that material evidence is false, the lawyer should seek to persuade the client that the evidence should not be offered or, if it has been offered, that its false character should immediately be disclosed. If the persuasion is ineffective, the lawyer must take reasonable remedial measures.
[6] Except in the defense of a criminal accused, the rule generally recognized is that, if necessary to rectify the situation, an advocate must disclose the existence of the client's deception to the court or to the other party. Such a disclosure can result in grave consequences to the client, including not only a sense of betrayal but also loss of the case and perhaps a prosecution for perjury. But the alternative is that the lawyer cooperate in deceiving the court, thereby subverting the truth-finding process which the adversary system is designed to implement. See Rule 1.2(d). Furthermore, unless it is clearly understood that the lawyer will act upon the duty to disclose the existence of false evidence, the client can simply reject the lawyer's advice to reveal the false evidence and insist that the lawyer keep silent. Thus the client could in effect coerce the lawyer into being a party to fraud on the court.
Perjury by a Criminal Defendant
[7] Whether an advocate for a criminally accused has the same duty of disclosure has been intensely debated. While it is agreed that the lawyer should seek to persuade the client to refrain from perjurious testimony, there has been dispute concerning the lawyer's duty when that persuasion fails. If the confrontation with the client occurs before trial, the lawyer ordinarily can withdraw. Withdrawal before trial may not be possible, however, either because trial is imminent, or because the confrontation with the client does not take place until the trial itself, or because no other counsel is available.
[8] The most difficult situation, therefore, arises in a criminal case where the accused insists on testifying when the lawyer knows that the testimony is perjurious. The lawyer's effort to rectify the situation can increase the likelihood of the client's being convicted as well as opening the possibility of a prosecution for perjury. On the other hand, if the lawyer does not exercise control over the proof, the lawyer participates, although in a merely passive way, in deception of the court.
[9] Three resolutions of this dilemma have been proposed. One is to permit the accused to testify by a narrative without guidance through the lawyer's questioning. This compromises both contending principles; it exempts the lawyer from the duty to disclose false evidence but subjects the client to an implicit disclosure of information imparted to counsel. Another suggested resolution, of relatively recent origin, is that the advocate be entirely excused from the duty to reveal perjury if the perjury is that of the client. This is a coherent solution but makes the advocate a knowing instrument of perjury.
[10] The other resolution of the dilemma is that the lawyer must reveal the client's perjury if necessary to rectify the situation. A criminal accused has a right to the assistance of an advocate, a right to testify and a right of confidential communication with counsel. However, an accused should not have a right to assistance of counsel in committing perjury. Furthermore, an advocate has an obligation, not only in professional ethics but under the law as well, to avoid implication in the commission of perjury or other falsification of evidence. See Rule 1.2(d).
Remedial Measures
[11] If perjured testimony or false evidence has been offered, the advocate's proper course ordinarily is to remonstrate with the client confidentially. If that fails, the advocate should seek to withdraw if that will remedy the situation. If withdrawal will not remedy the situation or is impossible, the advocate should make disclosure to the court. It is for the court then to determine what should be done--making a statement about the matter to the trier of fact, ordering a mistrial or perhaps nothing. If the false testimony was that of the client, the client may controvert the lawyer's version of their communication when the lawyer discloses the situation to the court. If there is an issue whether the client has committed perjury, the lawyer cannot represent the client in resolution of the issue, and a mistrial may be unavoidable. An unscrupulous client might in this way attempt to produce a series of mistrials and thus escape prosecution. However, a second such encounter could be construed as a deliberate abuse of the right to counsel and as such a waiver of the right to further representation.
Constitutional Requirements
[12] The general rule--that an advocate must disclose the existence of perjury with respect to a material fact, even that of a client--applies to defense counsel in criminal cases, as well as in other instances. However, the definition of the lawyer's ethical duty in such a situation may be qualified by constitutional provisions for due process and the right to counsel in criminal cases. In some jurisdictions these provisions have been construed to require that counsel present an accused as a witness if the accused wishes to testify, even if counsel knows the testimony will be false. The obligation of the advocate under these Rules is subordinate to such a constitutional requirement.
Duration of Obligation
[13] A practical time limit on the obligation to rectify the presentation of false evidence has to be established. The conclusion of the proceeding is a reasonably definite point for the termination of the obligation.
Refusing to Offer Proof Believed to Be False
[14] Generally speaking, a lawyer has authority to refuse to offer testimony or other proof that the lawyer believes is untrustworthy. Offering such proof may reflect adversely on the lawyer's ability to discriminate in the quality of evidence and thus impair the lawyer's effectiveness as an advocate. In criminal cases, however, a lawyer may, in some jurisdictions, be denied this authority by constitutional requirements governing the right to counsel.
Ex Parte Proceedings
[15] Ordinarily, an advocate has the limited responsibility of presenting one side of the matters that a tribunal should consider in reaching a decision; the conflicting position is expected to be presented by the opposing party. However, in an ex parte proceeding, such as an application for a temporary restraining order, there is no balance of presentation by opposing advocates. The object of an ex parte proceeding is nevertheless to yield a substantially just result. The judge has an affirmative responsibility to accord the absent party just consideration. The lawyer for the represented party has the correlative duty to make disclosures of material facts known to the lawyer and that the lawyer reasonably believes are necessary to an informed decision.<& /ethics/inclusions/footer.htm &>


text:
Mali Diesel prices, liter, 11-Nov-2019
|Mali Diesel prices
Mali: The price of diesel is 1.07 U.S. Dollar per liter. For comparison, the average price of diesel in the world for this period is 1.02 U.S. Dollar. The chart below shows the price of diesel in the country relative to other countries.
Diesel prices, 11-Nov-2019
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Note: The prices for the countries with a * are updated weekly. The data for the remaining countries are updated monthly.
See all energy prices for Mali
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text: There are literally dozens of museums, large and small, that tell the history of Edmonton and area yet you rarely see anything on the forum about them. This forum is C2E's attempt to fix that error. History is the foundation we build our future on and our community, like a home, needs a strong foundation to last. Rather than allow it to be overwhelmed, ignored or left to the persistent few lets create a section where it has it's own voice. Working with the area Museums and Edmonton Heritage Council C2E could create a history/heritage section that would give voice and story to the amazing and exciting history of Edmonton and allow smaller museums to have a voice and promote themselves to the community.


text:
The draft proposals - one concerning general wildlife, the other focused on eagles - issued by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) have been deemed overly restrictive and unworkable by the American Wind Energy Association (AWEA), and not strict enough by conservationists.
In total, FWS received 29,000 comments by the May 19 deadline, and it is likely that at least a year will pass before FWS examines the comments, issues responses and prepares permanent guidelines. In the meantime, provisions made in 2003 will prevail for wildlife, while eagles are covered by a 2009 decree.
AWEA believes the best way forward lies in the recommendations of a 22-member federal advisory committee, featuring leaders of industry, conservation, government and tribes, who spent two-and-a-half years crafting guideline proposals backed by conservation groups such as the National Audubon Society, Sierra Club, Defenders of Wildlife, Union of Concerned Scientists, a coalition of state governors and various stakeholders.
But Tom Vinson, senior director of regulatory affairs at AWEA, says the draft FWS guidelines ignore the committee's recommendations in several key areas. He remains hopeful, however, that this will be corrected following the comment process.
As it stands, key points in the wildlife draft give FWS the power to veto what is currently a developer-led process for working through benchmark steps, along with three-year-plus studies at all sites. Another provision proposes mitigation through shutting down specific turbines at various times of year.
"I hesitate to boil down our concerns too narrowly at risk of making it seem like there's a handful of easy fixes," Vinson says. "They've proposed a lot of things that will undermine project economics."
The eagle draft continues with five-year permits, and no assurance that renewal requirements will be the same for developments within ten miles of eagle nests. This triggers the National Environmental Policy Act, calling for impact statements that add considerable time and expense. "In many parts of the country, almost every project is going to have an eagle nest within ten miles," Vinson explains.
Holistic approach
The overarching point, wind proponents say, is that self-policing allows the industry to take a holistic approach towards protecting the environment instead of adhering to the narrow itemised checklist that the draft guidelines represent.
Meanwhile, conservationists argue that the proposed guidelines are too soft, and should be replaced with stringent mandatory federal standards. The American Bird Conservancy, spearheading a coalition of 58 groups, cites the US Department of Energy's goal of sourcing 20% of the nation's electricity supply from wind power by 2030 as a major concern.
"We're estimating that will result in a death toll of at least a million birds a year, possibly more," says Kelly Fuller, the organisation's wind coordinator. "Nobody wants to see another Altamont Pass."
While the industry has not forgotten Altamont Pass, a California raptor-mortality nightmare in the 1980s, it believes it has learned to govern itself in a way that produces best-practice behaviour.
"We've got 41GW in the ground in this country right now and haven't had another Altamont Pass in 30 years," says Stu Webster, wind-permitting director at Iberdrola Renewables. "This industry would do a remarkable job of addressing the broader environmental concerns, except that we're all kind of vested right now in addressing these direct-impact questions."
John Rogers, senior analyst in the climate and energy programme at the Union of Concerned Scientists, says the answer lies in the FAC recommendations.
"What came out of those was a set of science-based guidelines that the environmental community felt properly captured its concerns and the industry thought it could live with," Rogers says. "And then we end up with the FWS draft guidelines, which really seem to depart in significant ways."
Webster is convinced that the final guidelines will remain voluntary and include key committee recommendations. "There will be a reasonable compromise reached - I have no doubt in my mind about that. It won't be hard to go back and figure out what the common ground is between FWS and the industry," he says.


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New Zealand
Few countries anywhere in the world can equal the scenery and natural beauty of New Zealand.
It's 100 per cent pure from mountains to the sea, offering a challenging array of outdoor pursuits. New Zealand is the ultimate destination. It is a diverse country with a distinctly Pacific culture, renowned for its friendly people and breathtaking scenery.
New Zealand, located in the southern Pacific Ocean 1600 kms southeast of Australia, consists of two main islands - the North and South Islands that is home to 3.8 million people in this South Pacific island nation.
New Zealand covers about the same area as Japan or Britain - with a fraction of the population. It's a young nation with a diversity of landscape from sparkling island-studded bays in the sub-tropical north to the Southern Hemisphere's top skiing region and remarkable scenery in the south.
New Zealand is a renowned destination for adventure - from trekking or biking through unspoilt forest parks to thrill seeking options like bungy jumping, white water rafting or jet boating.
Maori are the indigenous people of the land (tangata whenua). They have a rich and dynamic culture and they have retained their identify through three centuries of European contact and Maori customs still thrive.
Maori arrived in New Zealand about 1000 years ago and the first Europeans over 230 years ago.
In a world struggling to escape sameness, New Zealand is a refreshing source of individuality and innovation, beauty and adventure.
For all information on New Zealand www.newzealand.com.


text:
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Someone from Salaf (as-Sâlihîn) relates: One of my friends, with whom I was learning hadîth, died. In my dream, I saw him wearing green garments of Paradise. When I asked its reason, he said, "I would write 'sall-Allâ...
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Allahu ta'âlâ sends ten salâts
It was declared in hadîth-i sherîfs; "If someone sends one salât to me, Allahu ta'âlâ sends ten salâts (compassion) to him, forgives ten sins of his and promotes his rank ten fold"
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It is one of our most important duties to recite salawât-i sherîfa on our Master, the Prophet "Sall-Allâhu 'alaihi wa sallam" as an expression of respect whenever his name is heard or written. The 56th âyat-i karîma o...
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text:
The Osceola Mill
A Shenandoah Valley Bed & Breakfast
Fine Dining & Lodging
Berry Picking
Orchardside Berry Farm
Located 5 miles west of Raphine on Hwy. 606 540-348-5220
Canoeing, Kayaking & Tubing
Twin River Outfitters
Glasgow, VA 540-261-7334 www.canoevirginia.net
Carriage tours
Carriage tours of Lexington 540-463 5647
Narrated, horse drawn carriage tours of Lexington daily April - October
Equestrian Centers
The Lexington Horse Center 540-463-4300
World class horse shows, dressage, sales rodeos and other events.
There are many lakes, streams, and pristine trout rivers in the area offering trout, bass, & catfish. Some restrictions including licenses apply. VA Trout Stocking Hot-Line 434-525-3474
Buffalo Creek Catch & Release Fly Fishing 540-463-5903
Offering instruction and guided fishing trips
Wild Mountain Trout Fly Fishing 540-294-0354
Boxerwood Gardens 540-463-2697 Just west of Lexington, self guided tours March - November, Thursday-Sunday, donations suggested.
The Country Club of Staunton 540-248-7278
Ingleside Resort, Staunton VA 540-248-1201
Winton Country Club Hwy 151 Clifford, VA 434-946-7336
Wintergreen Resort (two courses) 804-325-8250
Here are just a few of the many trails in this hiking Mecca.
Crabtree Falls
The highest falls east of the Mississippi, a moderately strenuous 3 mile hike to the top.
St. Mary's Falls
Located only 2 miles from the Mill. Fairly technical due to a flood that washed away parts of the trail. Many crystal clear pools with cascading waterfalls, great swimming holes in the summer.
Humpback Rock Trail
North about 20 miles on the Blue ridge Parkway, this very steep but short trail leads to a magnificent vantage point atop bare rocks, with 360 degree panoramic views.
Appalachian Trail
One of the most famous, it stretches from Maine to Georgia along the mountains. It crosses the Parkway about eight miles North at County rd. 814 and crosses Rt. 56 10 miles east.
For information on the National Forests Lands 540-291-2188 and State lands 804-367-1000
Horseback Riding
New Meadow Farm 540-377-6169 or 540-290-5790 by appointment only
Virginia Mountain Outfitters 540-261-1910 by appointment only
Cyrus McCormick Farm & Museum
Only 2 miles west on Hwy 606, Restored mill with working waterwheel, and small museum displaying the wheat reaper of 1831. Free admission
P. Buckley Moss Museum
One of America's favorite artist's gallery & museum, about 30 min drive, Waynesboro 540-949-6476
Robert E. Lee Chapel and Museum
On the campus of W & L and across from the President's House, the Chapel is where Robert E. Lee and his family lie buried; his beloved horse Traveler is interred just outside. Downstairs is a fine small museum containing his office, just as he left it, and family items from Lee's postwar years in Lexington as President of the University.
VMI Hall of Valor
Upstairs is a huge painting of the VMI cadet charge at the Battle of New Market in 1864. Downstairs the museum depicts cadet life and the history of VMI, its many famous graduates, and its most famous professor, Thomas (Stonewall) Jackson. It has a fine collection of antique firearms.
George C. Marshall Museum
On the VMI campus, this museum honors VMI graduate General Marshall's life and achievements. Huge electronic map traces WWII in Europe.
Stonewall Jackson House
The only home owned by one of the most famous and revered Southern generals in the war between the States. Slide film and tour of the house an gardens emphasize Jackson's personal life. On Washington St., a block from the Visitor's Center
Museum of Frontier Culture
Living History exhibit of authentic, reconstructed ancestral farmsteads actually moved here from Northern Ireland, England, and Germany to illustrate the folkways and lifestyles of the first white settlers in the Shenandoah Valley. Knowledgeable interpreters in period costumes explain and demonstrate as you walk from farm to farm.
Woodrow Wilson Birthplace
America's WWI President, one of eight presidents from Virginia, was born in the parsonage of the First Presbyterian Church, now authentically restored. The museum addresses the history of his era, Wilson's career and shows his immaculately restored Pierce Arrow limousine. The lovely terraced gardens are open to the public
Statler Brothers Complex
The former public school where the famed music group studied is now a museum and store, which traces their career. 540-332-5219
Natural Wonders
Natural Bridge
One of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World, 45min south on Rt. 11. Mammoth limestone span is grand and beautiful. There is also a nature walk, including a Monacan Indian village and ending at the Bridal Veil Falls. There is also a safari park & zoo. 800-533-1410
Natural Chimneys
Approximately 1 hour north near Mt. Solon. Seven towers of stone rise 120 feet above the meadowlands. Picnic sites and hiking trails. March-October. Jousting Tournament. 888-430-CAMP
Peaks of Otter
Two high peaks of the Blue Ridge about 1 hour south on the Parkway. Visitor's Center, restaurant, lodging, & hiking trails.
Luray Caverns 540-743-6551
Shenandoah Caverns 888-4 CAVERN
Endless Caverns 540-896-2283
Grand Caverns 888-430 CAVE
Natural Bridge Caverns 800-533-1410
The Blue Ridge Parkway going north or south provides many pull offs and overlooks which are great for picnics. Seven miles south, Yankee Horse Gap has a rebuilt section of narrow gauge logging track and a nice waterfall only a few steps from the picnic benches.
A few minutes west on Hwy. 606 is the McCormick Farm Wayside with picnic area.
Goshen pass on Hwy 39 west of Lexington offers a nice picnic area with grills and a pavilion with stone fireplace next to the scenic Maury river
To help with all your picnic needs is Gertie's General Store, 1/2 mile east of the Mill which will pack you a picnic lunch.
Wintergreen Resort 804-325-220
The Homestead Resort 800-383-1766
Massanutten Resort 540-289-9441
Swimming Holes
Goshen Pass - Breathtaking mountain gorge with deep swimming holes along Rt. 39
St. Mary's Falls - Just 2 miles north of the Mill with crystal clear pools all along the river.
Black friar's Playhouse Accurate reproduction of Shakespeare Theater offering seasonal Shakespeare productions. Staunton 540-885-5588
Theater at Lime Kiln in Lexington offer professional musicals, dramas, and musicians in an open are theater May-October. Also indoor productions November-April. 540463-7088


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From the screened porch of my cabin, I hear a speedboat jumping across the water before it roars past, sparkling in the sun like a sudden burst of summer joy. The sound fades, replaced by waves splashing onto the shore, the trill of birdsong and the brush-crunching of squirrels. Then more scampering: My daughter and her friend bound into the kitchen to sneak cookies, leaving a wake of giggles, the scent of sunscreen, and the creak and slap of the screen door as they head out into the sun once again.
In front of me, a coffee cup sits half-empty on the table. Inside, wet beach towels drape the furniture, accenting a lakeside summer retreat with all the charms. Granite stones frame the fireplace. Knotty pine paneling wraps the walls. A row of windows looks onto a tangle of trees crowned by pines and an expanse of dark blue water.
I felt as though the old place had been in my family for 50 years.
The reality: one day.
The weathered old beauty called Sun Up sits shrouded by trees on an island in Lake Vermilion, and my family was merely borrowing it, for a price, from its true owners and the people who built it in 1947: the Ludlow family of Ludlow's Island Resort.
Of course, if Sun Up were my cabin, I wouldn't be able to schedule a massage in a clapboard building just down a gravel path, or lounge in a chair overlooking the beach where children play. Or have my luggage and groceries delivered via boat by chipper teenagers. Or send the girls to a pizza and movie night, designed as much to entertain them as to give parents a few hours alone.
Clearly, renting has its privileges.
Last June, I was searching for a lake place I could call my own, if only for a week. I wanted a cabin that felt alone in the woods even if it was part of a resort, where "rustic" referenced its timbered charm without sacrificing modern comforts, a place where I could canoe or swim or maybe do nothing more than gaze at the lake in peace.
When I pulled into the driveway of Ludlow's, in Cook, Minn., and saw a shaded waiting area hung with red geraniums above a boat dock, I knew my research had paid off.
As I'd been instructed by Ludlow's before my arrival, I turned the crank of an old-fashioned phone. A bell rang on its counterpart across the water and within minutes, I saw someone on the island hop into a boat and roar toward us.
The driver was manager Paul Ludlow, son of longtime owners Mark and Sally Ludlow, and he had a quick smile, the faintly sunburned face that comes with resort life and a friendly sidekick named Kirby, a yellow lab. And that boat? A vintage wooden Chris-Craft.
Given the antique trappings and personal welcome, I soon felt lost in time. Paul gave us a tour of the island once we landed. Here was a pantry, where guests mark their purchases on a pad using something as quaint as the cabins themselves: the honor system. Here, hydrobikes and canoes; there, a game room and a lodge with cushy sofas, fireplace and gift shop. He said something about Wi-Fi throughout the island. Wi-what? I was already unplugged.
The cabins of Ludlow's Island Resort are scattered across three pieces of land, the centerpiece of which is a 5-acre island on Minnesota's sprawling, pristine Lake Vermilion, named after the red color of its sunsets. So circuitous is Vermilion's 1,000-plus miles of shoreline and 365 islands that on a map, it looks more like a ragtag collection of ponds and lakes than a single body of water. That shape works to the benefit of Ludlow's, whose two stretches of mainland bend in toward each other, hugging the island that lies smack dab between them.
All three of those landholdings, plus a tiny additional island used for overnight camping, are so close to one another that they feel almost connected. In a sense they are, by virtue of Ludlow's and the young boathouse attendants who will zoom guests from shore to shore at a moment's notice, or the crank of an antique phone.
"I'm one of a few people in the country who knows how to repair a Magneto phone," Mark Ludlow later told me.
Generations of hospitality
Back in 1907, when the only access to the area was by boat from Tower, Joseph Burr Ludlow encountered the tree-covered island punctuated by granite outcroppings, fell hard, and bought what came to be known as Ludlow's Island.
Joseph's son, Hod, built the first cabin there in 1933. By 1939, some of Hod's friends had discovered its unique appeal and asked if they could rent it for the summer to use as a fishing camp. Hod obliged, moving his wife and young children to a tent on the far end of the island for the summer, and began scheming to build another cabin. Eventually his son Mark and daughter-in-law Sally bought the resort, and now Paul and his wife, Kelly, are taking over daily operations.
Slowly, the family handcrafted other cabins, making sure none sat too close to another. The pathway that rings the island runs behind the cabins rather than along the shoreline. The result is a sense of solitude from each distinct abode.
Today, 21 cabins line the island and the north and south shores, including Coffeetime, the five-bedroom where Mark grew up; Sundown, a two-bedroom charmer on the approximate site of Hod's family tent; and the Dreamcatcher, the newest addition to the island. To lend spaciousness without a big footprint, SALA architect Dale Mulfinger created a dwelling that goes straight up, resulting in views among the treetops.
In all those years of owning a resort, the family has perfected the art of hospitality.
Eagle on the wild shoreline
On Monday morning, the first of my visit, I awoke to find a newspaper delivered to the door, along with a printout from Ludlow's staff with what I considered the truly relevant news of the day: the weather forecast and a list of events available during the week.
I would skip the 8 a.m. yoga class (this was vacation, after all), but the children clamored to attend s'mores on the beach. We'd forgo the fishing contest, preferring to focus our efforts above the water, tooling around on hydrobikes. No sense in taking a floatplane ride to tour the area (an experience I would find nerve-racking) when I could instead spend my cash on a massage in a pretty building with a fireplace and aromatherapy, though the scent of pine outside soothed me all day long.
I spent most of my time lounging by the water or reading a book in the cabin, even with the scheduled events run by Ludlow's capable staff. The children played in the water, scaling the floating inflatable iceberg, and wandering the island alone — which I allowed them to do since only Ludlow's guests get on the island, and we'd become friendly with most of them.
One sunny day, we hopped on a pontoon for a tour of the islands. Paul led the way, showing us particularly fruitful fishing spots and motoring us around to view other wild shorelines. We spied an eagle high in a treetop, and Paul passed binoculars all around. I'd never seen an eagle in the wild so close-up. After a few minutes he flew away, returning to his nest, I suppose.
When Paul powered up the motor to head back to Ludlow's Island, I felt I was returning to my summer nest, too.


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Algorithms/Ada Implementation
Top, Chapters: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A
Welcome to the Ada implementations of the Algorithms Wikibook. For those who are new to Ada Programming a few notes:
- All examples are fully functional with all the needed input and output operations. However, only the code needed to outline the algorithms at hand is copied into the text - the full samples are available via the download links. (Note: It can take up to 48 hours until the cvs is updated).
- We seldom use predefined types in the sample code but define special types suitable for the algorithms at hand.
- Ada allows for default function parameters; however, we always fill in and name all parameters, so the reader can see which options are available.
- We seldom use shortcuts - like using the attributes Image or Value for String <=> Integer conversions.
All these rules make the code more elaborate than perhaps needed. However, we also hope it makes the code easier to understand
Chapter 1: IntroductionEdit
The following subprograms are implementations of the Inventing an Algorithm examples.
To LowerEdit
The Ada example code does not append to the array as the algorithms. Instead we create an empty array of the desired length and then replace the characters inside.
function To_Lower (C : Character) return Character renames Ada.Characters.Handling.To_Lower; -- tolower - translates all alphabetic, uppercase characters—in str to lowercase function To_Lower (Str : String) return String is Result : String (Str'Range); begin for C in Str'Range loop Result (C) := To_Lower (Str (C)); end loop; return Result; end To_Lower;
Would the append approach be impossible with Ada? No, but it would be significantly more complex and slower.
Equal Ignore CaseEdit
—equal-ignore-case—returns true if s or t are equal,
-- ignoring case function Equal_Ignore_Case (S : String; T : String) return Boolean is O : constant Integer := S'First - T'First; begin if T'Length /= S'Length then return False; -- if they aren't the same length, they—aren't equal else for I in S'Range loop if To_Lower (S (I)) /= To_Lower (T (I + O)) then return False; end if; end loop; end if; return True; end Equal_Ignore_Case;
Chapter 6: Dynamic ProgrammingEdit
Fibonacci numbersEdit
The following codes are implementations of the Fibonacci-Numbers examples.
Simple ImplementationEdit
To calculate Fibonacci numbers negative values are not needed so we define an integer type which starts at 0. With the integer type defined you can calculate up until
Fib (87).
Fib (88) will result in an
type Integer_Type is range 0 .. 999_999_999_999_999_999;
You might notice that there is not equivalence for the
assert (n >= 0) from the original example. Ada will test the correctness of the parameter before the function is called.
function Fib (n : Integer_Type) return Integer_Type is begin if n = 0 then return 0; elsif n = 1 then return 1; else return Fib (n - 1) + Fib (n - 2); end if; end Fib; ...
Cached ImplementationEdit
For this implementation we need a special cache type can also store a -1 as "not calculated" marker
type Cache_Type is range -1 .. 999_999_999_999_999_999;
The actual type for calculating the fibonacci numbers continues to start at 0. As it is a subtype of the cache type Ada will automatically convert between the two. (the conversion is - of course - checked for validity)
subtype Integer_Type is Cache_Type range 0 .. Cache_Type'Last;
In order to know how large the cache need to be we first read the actual value from the command line.
Value : constant Integer_Type := Integer_Type'Value (Ada.Command_Line.Argument (1));
The Cache array starts with element 2 since Fib (0) and Fib (1) are constants and ends with the value we want to calculate.
type Cache_Array is array (Integer_Type range 2 .. Value) of Cache_Type;
The Cache is initialized to the first valid value of the cache type — this is
F : Cache_Array := (others => Cache_Type'First);
What follows is the actual algorithm.
function Fib (N : Integer_Type) return Integer_Type is begin if N = 0 or else N = 1 then return N; elsif F (N) /= Cache_Type'First then return F (N); else F (N) := Fib (N - 1) + Fib (N - 2); return F (N); end if; end Fib; ...
This implementation is faithful to the original from the Algorithms book. However, in Ada you would normally do it a little different:
when you use a slightly larger array which also stores the elements 0 and 1 and initializes them to the correct values
type Cache_Array is array (Integer_Type range 0 .. Value) of Cache_Type; F : Cache_Array := (0 => 0, 1 => 1, others => Cache_Type'First);
and then you can remove the first if path.
if N = 0 or else N = 1 then return N; elsif F (N) /= Cache_Type'First then
This will save about 45% of the execution-time (measured on Linux i686) while needing only two more elements in the cache array.
Memory Optimized ImplementationEdit
This version looks just like the original in WikiCode.
type Integer_Type is range 0 .. 999_999_999_999_999_999; function Fib (N : Integer_Type) return Integer_Type is U : Integer_Type := 0; V : Integer_Type := 1; begin for I in 2 .. N loop Calculate_Next : declare T : constant Integer_Type := U + V; begin U := V; V := T; end Calculate_Next; end loop; return V; end Fib;
No 64 bit integersEdit
Your Ada compiler does not support 64 bit integer numbers? Then you could try to use decimal numbers instead. Using decimal numbers results in a slower program (takes about three times as long) but the result will be the same.
The following example shows you how to define a suitable decimal type. Do experiment with the digits and range parameters until you get the optimum out of your Ada compiler.
type Integer_Type is delta 1.0 digits 18 range 0.0 .. 999_999_999_999_999_999.0;
You should know that floating point numbers are unsuitable for the calculation of fibonacci numbers. They will not report an error condition when the number calculated becomes too large — instead they will lose in precision which makes the result meaningless.


text:
Inside the camp: How Mitt stumbled
Stuart Stevens, Mitt Romney's top strategist, knew his candidate's convention speech needed a memorable mix of loft and grace if he was going to bound out of Tampa with an authentic chance to win the presidency. So Stevens, bypassing the speechwriting staff at the campaign's Boston headquarters, assigned the sensitive task of drafting it to Peter Wehner, a veteran of the last three Republican White Houses and one of the party's smarter wordsmiths.
Not a word Wehner wrote was ever spoken.
Story Continued Below
( PHOTOS: 12 hits on Mitt Romney from the right)
Stevens junked the entire thing, setting off a chaotic, eight-day scramble that would produce an hour of prime-time problems for Romney, including Clint Eastwood's meandering monologue to an empty chair.
Romney's convention stumbles have provoked weeks of public griping and internal sniping about not only Romney but also his mercurial campaign muse, Stevens. Viewed warily by conservatives, known for his impulsiveness and described by a colleague as a "tortured artist," Stevens has become the leading staff scapegoat for a campaign that suddenly is behind in a race that had been expected to stay neck and neck through Nov. 6.
This article is based on accounts from Romney aides, advisers and friends, most of whom refused to speak on the record because they were recounting private discussions and offering direct criticism of the candidate and his staff, Stevens in particular.
( Also on POLITICO: Romney abruptly shifts strategy)
Stevens, in a lengthy interview Sunday afternoon, defended the campaign's performance, refused to discuss internal conversations and insisted Romney is doing far better than the pundits portray. "Like all campaigns, we have good days and bad days. I'm happy to take responsibility for the bad days," he said. "This is a tremendously talented team."
To pin recent stumbles on Stevens would be to overlook Romney's role in all this. As the man atop the enterprise — in effect, the CEO of a $1 billion start-up — Romney ultimately bears responsibility for the decisions he personally oversaw, such as the muffling of running mate Paul Ryan's strict budget message and his own convention performance.
As the Tampa convention drew near, Wehner, now a "senior adviser" and blogger for the campaign, was laboring under an unusual constraint for the author of a high-stakes political speech. He was not invited to spend time with Romney, making it impossible to channel him fluently.
Nevertheless, Wehner came up with a draft he found pleasing, including the memorable line: "The incumbent president is trying to lower the expectations of our nation to the sorry level of his own achievement. He only wins if you settle." It also included a reference to Afghanistan, which was jettisoned with the rest of his work.
( Also on POLITICO: 2012 election polling center)
Instead, eight days before the convention, at a time when a campaign usually would be done drafting and focused instead on practicing such a high-stakes speech, Stevens frantically contacted John McConnell and Matthew Scully, a speechwriting duo that had worked in George W. Bush's campaign and White House. Stevens told them they would have to start from scratch on a new acceptance speech. Not only would they have only a few days to write it, but Romney would have little time to practice it.
McConnell and Scully, drawing on their experience writing for Vice President Dick Cheney, were racing to finish the convention speech for Romney's running mate, Ryan (R-Wis.), the House Budget Committee chairman. It was the Wednesday before convention week. Ryan was to speak the following Wednesday, followed by Romney on Thursday.


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Eyemart Express will be closed for Thanksgiving (Nov 28th).
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*Eye exams are available from and performed by independent doctors of optometry at or next to Eyemart Express locations in most states. Some independent doctors of optometry in some states are employed by Eyemart Express.
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How do you fix a dual boot system if you had to reinstall Windows Vista and you can no longer boot to Fedora Core 6 (FC6) or Fedora Linux ? Nobody wants to reinstall FC 6 or Fedora Linux again!
Almost all versions of Microsoft Windows (including XP, Vista and old versions) overwrite GRUB bootloader in MBR (master boot record). As a result Windows boot loader becomes a new boot loader and GRUB will not appear on screen (you will not able to see GRUB menu options).
But don't worry you can easily fix the problem. Please note that if you are using Debian or Ubentu Linux just follow these instructions. Following instuctions are Fedora Linux only and should work with RHEL / CentOS too:
Step # 1: Boot from Fedora Core Linux 1st CD or DVD
Set BIOS to boot from CD/DVD rom. At boot: prompt type command linux rescue
boot: linux rescue
Just follow on screen instructions, when prompted let installer search Linux installation. If the search operation is successful, your old Linux installation will be available at special directory called /mnt/sysimage.
Step # 2: Prepare system for GRUB reinstallation
Type the following commands at shell prompt:
# chroot /mnt/sysimage
# cd /boot/grub
chroot command allows to run rest of all *COMMAND* with root directory set to NEWROOT called /mnt/sysimage. Without chroot environment you will not able to restore GRUB on Fedora Core 6.
Step # 3: Find out your GRUB bootloader installation location
If you have only one IDE hard disk default should be /dev/hda. You can use any of the following command to determine your device name:
# grep '#boot' grub.confOuput:
Above output clearly point out that /dev/sda device where my GRUB bootloader was previously installed.
You can also try out fdisk -l command to list partitions and disk information:
# fdisk -l
Step # 4: Reinstall GRUB
Use grub-install command to install GRUB on your drive /dev/sda
# grub-install /dev/sda
Please note that if above command returned any error return with –recheck option to probe a device map even if it already exists
# grub-install --recheck /dev/sda
Step # 5: Reboot system
Exit from chrooted environment and reboot Linux:
# sync;sync;exit;exit
# reboot
Now GRUB will be able to boot both Windows Vista and Fedora Core 6. In UNIX/Linux dd command can be used to backup and restore the MBR 🙂


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Bike Repair Friday
Nov. 8 @ 9:00 am - 12:00 pm
|Recurring Event (See all)
An event every week that begins at 9:00am on Friday, repeating until 11/16/2019
Repair donated bikes for refugees and others who need transportation to get around Houston. All skill levels welcome — our volunteers will help you learn.


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This is not an offer for credit and should be used for estimation purposes only based on the information you provided. You should not base your decision on this estimate alone. Title, registration, tax and other fees, and personal circumstances such as employment status and personal credit history, were not considered in the calculations.
Transaxle - Differential with helical gears
Gear selection – Dash mounted Forward-Neutral-Reverse
Six, 12V deep cycle
Battery charger - 72 V DC, 120/230 VAC, UL/CSA
Overall (without roof) – 52.5 in. (133.5 cm) (top of steering wheel)
Overall (with roof) – 77.5 in. (197 cm) (top of canopy)
Without batteries - 964 lb. (485 kg)
Curb – 1,560 lb. (708 kg)
Service - Rear wheel mechanical self-adjusting drum
Parking - Self-compensating, single point engagement
16.5 mph +/- 0.5 mph (25.7kph +/- 0.8kph)
Speed controller - 350A AC
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NOTE: Models with a price of "Request a Quote" are always included in a $0 search, regardless of actual value.


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Black Box Corp., Pittsburgh, has announced a merger with Da/Com Limited, Stoughton, Mass. Da/Com provides technical design, installation and maintenance services for telecommunication, premise cabling and related products to customers primarily in the greater Boston area. Herbert D. Buchine, president and owner of Da/Com, said, "This merger allows us to capture the opportunities and fill the growing demand in the industry to deliver full connectivity expertise from under one roof." Buchine will serve as vice president for Black Box network services - New England operations.
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diagonal2 wrote:Seems to be working simon, perhaps it's time the we focused
on educating people what tactics they are using to discredit the real truth.
"The Arab world has to be taught a lesson : that we are the boss, and you are going to be our dogs, and you have gotta be spanked."
Return to THE 9/11 HOAX infrastructure - and its operatives: too many people involved?
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I would first like to thank my friend, Brian, for his help in creating this website. I had no idea about how to do it! This is my welcome post which will be on the main page of my website, or so I'm told.
So, welcome! You can find out more about me on the About Me page and if you would like to contact me you can do so here.
OK, now let's talk a little bit about the site and what it is doing here. Now that I am retired, I wanted to get some more hobbies in my life and develop some new skills so that I am not left behind. Using a computer and creating a website seemed like a great one to start with because I know nothing about computers. I do, however, have plenty of information to write down and "blog" about.
Boa Online was created due to my love with snakes. I love the Boa Constrictor and I thought that this name was as good as any to use. I thought it was a little unique and more edgy rather than saying "dougbensononline.co.uk". Maybe I wasn't that effective at coming up with such a great name but it's the thought that counts…
Anyway, I will stop writing my welcome page now and get to writing some other articles that should hopefully be of use to some people out there who are looking for inspiration and ideas for DIY, energy conservation and many other things in the process.


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Are you a doctor, treatment center or recovery house looking for new patients? Give us two minutes of your time and we will give you qualified web visitors each and every month at no cost. Simply answer a few questions, upload your pictures and videos. It's our way of giving back.
An entire web page with all the important information about your organization -- Services provided, costs, pictures, maps, brochures, etc. Everything a person needs to make an informed decision.
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text: Casual or Dressy, you can't go wrong with our 3 Pair Pack of Women's MUK LUKS' Socks. This sock pack is a multi pack of different colored socks. Available in one size fits most and should be machine washed on cold gentle cycle, no bleach, and lay flat to dry. Imported.


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The 22-year-old actress has no plans to lose weight to fit into the Hollywood mould, and admits she was determined to look healthy when she trained to play highly-skilled hunter Katniss Everdeen in The Hunger Games.
She tells Elle magazine, "In Hollywood, I'm obese. I'm considered a fat actress... I eat like a caveman. I'll be the only actress who doesn't have anorexia rumours... (But) I'm never going to starve myself for a part. I keep waiting for that one role to come along that scares me enough into dieting, and it just can't happen. I'm invincible.
"I don't want little girls to be like, 'Oh, I want to look like Katniss, so I'm going to skip dinner.' That's something that I was really conscious of during training, when you're trying to get your body to look exactly right. I was trying to get my body to look fit and strong, not thin and underfed."


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Official request for a forum for http://synapticmisfires.comicgenesis.com
The forum will be used mostly for feedback on the Synaptic Misfires webcomic so that readers can tell me how wonderful they think it is. Also various topics related to webcomicry in general. Possible threads concerning the ellipse and ninjas, sometimes ninja ellipses too, will occur.
I'll be the only moderator.


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Total Grazing Pressure & Megafauna Extinction Theory
Megafauna extinction theory
Matthew Cawood
08 Apr, 2012 01:00 AM
IF humans made Australia a continent swept by fire, and dominated by fire-friendly eucalypts, maybe humans can also re-shape our landscapes into more diverse, less fire-prone places: so muses University of Tasmania ecologist Chris Johnson.
Professor Johnson led a forensic research program which last week reported the best evidence yet that human hunters killed off Australia's megafauna, the giant animals that walked the continent until about 40,000 years ago.
The research showed that in taking out the megafauna, humans removed grazing pressure from the landscape and unwittingly promoted fire to its central place in Australian ecosystems.
Australia's megafauna included at least 20 families of marsupials, monotremes, birds and reptiles, including 2.5-tonne wombats, two-metre kangaroos, great horned turtles and a marsupial version of the lion.
They died out around 40,000 years ago, several thousand years after Aboriginal people occupied the continent.
Prof Johnson's team dug into an ancient swamp in Lynch's Crater in Far North Queensland and came up with a 130,000-year record that included a vital indicator: Sporormiella, a fungus that needs to be eaten by a herbivore to complete its life cycle so it can reproduce in the animal's dung.
Across the world, Prof Johnson said, large numbers of Sporormiella are associated with large amounts of dung, and therefore large herbivores.
In the Lynch's Crater cores, the fungus was consistently on the record in abundance until around 40,000 years ago, pointing to the presence of large herbivorous animals up to that point. Then it all but vanished.
At the same point, the content of the cores changed in other ways.
Previously, the pollen in the cores suggested a mixed landscape. In Prof Johnson's reading of the record, this probably meant patches of grassland and sedges dotted with mixed rainforest and woodland, in a climate believed to be cooler and drier than today.
About 100 years into the decline of Sporormiella in the cores, abundant charcoal appeared on the record. This indicator of fire seldom appeared on the core record before 40,000 years ago, but then remained a strong presence up to the present day.
About 300 years after Sporormiella's decline, grass pollen became increasingly abundant. Eucalypt pollen surged after 400 years.
Prof Johnson said the pollen began to record more uniform vegetation. Without large browsers and grazers to form patches of grassland in the forest, dry forest pollen has dominated the record for much of the past 40,000 years.
Because the charcoal appeared on the record after Sporormiella declined, this seemed to rule out the theory that fire was responsible for megafauna extinction, Prof Johnson said.
Climate change was also ruled out, because there were no significant climate shifts at the time the animals became extinct, and they had survived climate shifts in the past.
That left humans in the dock - as they are for megafauna extinctions in Madagascar, New Zealand, Europe and the Americas, although scientific debate still rages over the extent of their guilt.
Prof Johnson has done some analysis on whether a small number of humans can wipe out a continent's worth of large animals within a few thousand years, and he has no doubt they could.
"The big animals have very slow reproduction. You don't need to kill very many in a given time to exceed their ability to replace themselves. That means extinction. It's a very predictable, plausible scenario."
Still, Prof Johnson wants to do similar studies in other parts of Australia to see whether the pattern repeats.
And while some scientists applauded the study as the most conclusive yet to implicate humans in megafauna extinction, others said it was flawed and climate change was still the most likely cause.
"The Aftermath of Megafaunal Extinction: Ecosystem Transformation in Pleistocene Australia" was published in Science, March 23.
I agree with the article Ben, but I don't get too tied up in the scientists view of attaching guilt to the scenario. People have always tried to make decisions with their own self interest at the forefront as that is simply survival instinct & we still react in that way. Understanding the ramifications of what we do can be quite difficult, particularly for the long term. In a way I believe this scenario is really positive, because if we can impact our environment that way, then surely we have the ability to reverse that impact by doing the opposite. Seems too simplistic for some but from personal experience I think it is possible.
Welcome on board Graham.
Yeah good points you make in my opinion too.
I think a major hurdle to get over is perceptions of what "pristine" is and the assumption that the Aboriginals did burning for some other reason than feeding themsleves and having somewhere safe to camp.
I do think that until the community understands the past it is very difficult to establish a viable future pathway.
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The best games you can try right now!
Don't know what PC game is worthy of your time? Here are the best PC games you can play. There's a wealth of PC games you can play right now. We've finally decided on a proper list, so here are the best PC games you have to play.


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« Back
Despite your political affiliations or how your candidate fared in this year's presidential election, it's tough not to appreciate the full-court press the candidates give in selling and marketing their own personal brands. In fact, there are sales and marketing takeaways that we can glean from one of the most expensive elections (AKA "ad campaigns") in our nation's history – lessons we can leverage in promoting our own local brands.
10. Understand Emotional Buying: Consumers make emotional buying decisions first, only later seeking rational support to justify the decision they've really already made. That's why people decide whom to vote for based more on how they feel about the candidates than any rationale argument one could make.
9. Embrace Technology: Effective use of new technology wins elections: Eisenhower won in 1952 thanks to radio. JFK's appearance on TV in the 1960 debates against a feverish-looking Nixon helped him secure the win. The "reach" (number of impressions) that Obama generated on YouTube during the 2008 election would have cost the campaign more than $50 million in equivalent TV airtime. Brands and campaigns that fail to embrace technology do so at their own peril.
8. Keep Messaging Simple: Keep your message simple, easy to understand and share with others. Then stick with it. Historically, campaigns that teeter back and forth between messages fall short of the goal line.
7. Maintain Positive Tone: Presidential campaigns that focus on their own value proposition versus tearing down their competitors are more often to find their way to a win.
6. Define WIIFM: In the end, elections are won or lost by a candidate's ability to talk to people about what affects them directly – the "what's in it for me" (WIIFM) factor. The rest of the rhetoric is just noise.
5. Know Thy Target: Knowing your audience and targeting your message accordingly is essential. Texas and New York aren't emphasized by the campaigns for a reason – they don't have as significant an impact on the outcome as states like Ohio and Virginia. Targeting doesn't mean any group of prospective voters (or buyers) is less important than another – it's just smart marketing.
4. Act vs. React: Don't let your competition control your message. Stay on point and drive home your key messages with consistency and frequency versus changing course with every competitor whim.
3. Promote Brand First: Facts alone simply don't distinguish a candidate, or a brand, from another. Voters, like consumers, make decisions on a more visceral level. Once they believe in your brand, then the facts become a more important part of the conversation.
2. Leverage Data: Every year, political campaigns become increasingly data-driven with those most quickly accessing reliable data – and knowing how to use it – often winning elections. Data allows you to know how to properly frame your content so that it resonates with your audience. In other words, metrics allow you to adjust your marketing strategy real-time based on your performance.
1. Express Personality: Candidates with personality, who engage with voters, win hearts. Have a sense of humor and let down your guard – when promoting any brand, whether it be political or otherwise.
Whether you're a political junkie or glad all the rhetoric is coming to an end, don't miss the opportunity to learn a lesson – or 10 – from one of the most expensive advertising and marketing campaigns of our time.
Lori Turner-Wilson is an award-winning columnist and managing partner of RedRover Sales & Marketing, www.redrovercompany.com, with offices in Memphis and Nashville. You can follow RedRover on Twitter (@redrovercompany and @loriturner) and Facebook (facebook.com/redrovercompany).
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Hi, a few days ago two different people suggested HTML5 over Flash to use as an MP3 player.
I'm really not familar with HTML5 at all but what are people's views on this?
Jay Dog
Hi, a few days ago two different people suggested HTML5 over Flash to use as an MP3 player.
I'm really not familar with HTML5 at all but what are people's views on this?
Jay Dog
Flash is useful if you want to use complex graphics and user interaction. For example, it's good for making a game.
Flash or HTML5 can embed simple media (video, audio) about equally well.
HTML5 is newer and not supported in all browsers/devices yet.
Flash is found on almost every device except those that specifically avoid it like iPhones and the rare really old devices or few people who for some reason don't install [or remove] Flash (and maybe some Linux users).
Flash will never be used on every device (Apple's decision, at the very least), while HTML5 probably will be for all devices in the future though some are still behind or catching up.
The formats you use are limited by what can play. For example, Flash only works with MP3s and not other kinds of files (as far as I know-- there are maybe a couple other options, but not something like WAV). HTML5 can play a few different formats, though it varies by device (in some cases it just seems like whatever the system can play is fine in HTML5, but then it varies by system and that doesn't always apply).
For the future? HTML5.
For the past? Flash.
At the moment? Hard to say. Flash is certainly the default, but it's shifting I think.
The best option at the moment is actually to mix the two-- almost all of your visitors are going to have one, but not all will have both/either. iPhone users don't have Flash (and never will), while a fair number of visitors are still on older machines that aren't yet caught up to modern standards for browsers. You'll love some visitors either way. So, if you can, use both.
And remember, embedding media on a website should enhance the experience, not define it. If there's a reason that the media is crucial, simply provide a download link for those who can't otherwise view it. Lots of users like to download the media anyway.
For video this can be a little complicated-- I'd probably suggest relying on Flash, plus a download link. Personally I just use download links, but that isn't so popular in general at this point.
But you're asking about audio. There's a great script:
John (jschuer here) has done some modifications (in a few threads around here) to see if it can work on all devices, with some success. So if you really care about very limited non-modern devices like first generation ebook readers (well, the first ones with full browsers and speakers) then look into that.
SoundManager2 is a great script that does the work for you: it uses HTML5 or Flash based on what the user has available and it does it all silently. It can take a little time to learn how it works, but in my opinion it's very worth it.
Daniel - Freelance Web Design | <?php?> | <html>| español | Deutsch | italiano | português | català | un peu de français | some knowledge of several other languages: I can sometimes help translate here on DD | Linguistics Forum
Jay Dog (01-08-2014)
Daniel is right. Flash for the past and the present, HTML5 for the present and the future. To serve your visitors, use HTML5 with a Flash-fallback.
Some usefu links for video:
Thanks guys, I looked into some HTML5 plug ins on Wordpress but they didn't seem to work then found one online and copied that, it worked prefectly in DW yet when uploaded it didn't work... anyway some alterations on the code and it worked but again thanks. :-)


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Search Maps
Map[Map of the islands of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico].
Hispaniola and Puerto Rico Relief shown pictorially. Shows coastal features, administrative districts, and settlements on the islands of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico. Pen-and-ink and watercolor. Attributed to Joan Vinckeboons by comparison with his other Dutch maps in Henry Harrisse collection. Described in Terrae incognitae, v. xvi, 1984. Richard W. Stephenson's The Henry Harrisse collection ... , p. 40; the first volume has binder's title "Manuscript maps of the...
- Contributor: Vinckeboons, Joan
- Date: 1639