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How Guantánamo became a recruiting ground for militants
Mohammed Naim Farouq was a thug in the lawless Zormat district of eastern Afghanistan. He ran a kidnapping and extortion racket, and he controlled his turf with a band of gunmen who rode around in trucks with AK-47 rifles.
U.S. troops detained him in 2002, although he had no clear ties to the Taliban or al Qaeda. By the time Farouq was released from Guantánamo the next year, however — after more than 12 months of what he described as abuse and humiliation at the hands of American soldiers — he'd made connections to high-level militants.
In fact, he'd become a Taliban leader. When the U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency released a stack of 20 "most wanted" playing cards in 2006 identifying militants in Afghanistan and Pakistan — with Osama bin Laden at the top — Farouq was 16 cards into the deck.
A McClatchy investigation found that instead of confining terrorists, Guantánamo often produced more of them by rounding up common criminals, conscripts, low-level foot soldiers and men with no allegiance to radical Islam — thus inspiring a deep hatred of the United States in them — and then housing them in cells next to radical Islamists.
The radicals were quick to exploit the flaws in the U.S. detention system.
Soldiers, guards or interrogators at the U.S. bases at Bagram or Kandahar in Afghanistan had abused many of the detainees, and they arrived at Guantánamo enraged at America.
The Taliban and al Qaeda leaders in the cells around them were ready to preach their firebrand interpretation of Islam and the need to wage jihad, Islamic holy war, against the West. Guantánamo became a school for jihad, complete with a council of elders who issued fatwas, binding religious instructions, to the other detainees.
Rear Adm. Mark H. Buzby, until recently the commanding officer at Guantánamo, acknowledged that senior militant leaders gained influence and control in his prison.
"We have that full range of (Taliban and al Qaeda) leadership here, why would they not continue to be functional as an organization?" he said in a telephone interview. "I must make the assumption that there's a fully functional al Qaeda cell here at Guantánamo."
Afghan and Pakistani officials also said they were aware that Guantánamo was churning out new militant leaders.
In a classified 2005 review of 35 detainees released from Guantánamo, Pakistani police intelligence concluded that the men — the majority of whom had been subjected to "severe mental and physical torture," according to the report — had "extreme feelings of resentment and hatred against USA."
The report warned that unless steps were taken to rehabilitate the men, they had the potential of "becoming another Abdullah Mehsud," a former Guantánamo detainee who became a high-ranking Taliban commander in the Pakistani tribal areas bordering Afghanistan. Mehsud killed himself with a grenade last July to avoid being taken prisoner by Pakistani troops.
"A lot of our friends are working against the Americans now, because if you torture someone without any reason, what do you expect?" Issa Khan, a Pakistani former detainee, said in an interview in Islamabad. "Many people who were in Guantánamo are now working with the Taliban."
According to Afghan authorities, Mohammed Naim Farouq was a rural gangster, not a terrorist.
"He was with a group that was kidnapping people. It was a criminal group. It did a lot of extortion," said Attorney General Abdul Jabar Sabit, who interviewed Farouq in Guantánamo.
But, Sabit found, Farouq wasn't linked to the Taliban or al Qaeda when the Americans arrested him.
No more. Since Farouq was released from Guantánamo, the Defense Intelligence Agency said, he's had a relationship with al Qaeda and the Taliban and heads a group of Taliban militiamen.
"Naim was a very, very small guy before, but now that he's been released, he's a very big problem," said Taj Mohammed Wardak, a former Afghan interior minister who also served as the governor of Farouq's province. "It has a really bad effect when these men return to their communities."
Discussing the effect that Guantánamo had on him, Farouq measured his words.
"Why did the Americans treat me this way?" he said during an interview with McClatchy in Gardez. "I wanted to keep my district peaceful."
In interviews, former U.S. Defense Department officials acknowledged the problem, but none of them would speak about it openly because of its implications: U.S. officials mistakenly sent a lot of men who weren't hardened terrorists to Guantánamo, but by the time they were released, some of them had become just that.
Requests for comment from senior Defense Department officials went unanswered. The Pentagon official in charge of detainee affairs, Sandra Hodgkinson, declined interview requests even after she was given a list of questions.
However, dozens of former detainees, many of whom were reluctant to talk for fear of being branded as spies by the militants, described a network — at times fragmented, and at times startling in its sophistication — that allowed Islamist radicals to gain power inside Guantánamo:
- Militants recruited new detainees by offering to help them memorize the Quran and study Arabic. They conducted the lessons, infused with firebrand theology, between the mesh walls of cells, from the other side of a fence during exercise time or, in lower-security blocks, during group meetings.
The recruiting and organizing don't end at Guantánamo. After detainees are released, they're visited by militants who try to cement the relationships formed in prison.
"When I was released, they (Taliban officials) told me to come join them, to fight," said Alif Khan, an Afghan former detainee whom McClatchy interviewed in Kabul. "They told me I should move to Waziristan," a Taliban hotbed in Pakistan.
Most of the 66 former Guantánamo detainees whom McClatchy interviewed were hesitant to talk about their religious and political transformations in prison.
Ilkham Batayev, a Kazakh, described his stay at Guantánamo in bitter, angry terms. "I learned the traditions of many people," he said. "Of course it changed me inside, but this is something private." He said that Arab detainees spent a lot of time teaching him Arabic and giving him lessons about the Quran.
Others said that fellow detainees showed them the path of fundamentalist Islam.
Taj Mohammed, an Afghan detainee, said that the time he spent at Guantánamo studying the Quran and discussing Islam with radicals helped him see the world more clearly.
"There were detainees who did not pray or who spoke with female soldiers," Mohammed said. "We stopped speaking with these men. Sometimes we beat them."
The U.S. government accused Mohammed of being a member of two insurgent groups in Afghanistan's Konar province and taking part in an attack on a U.S. military base.
Mohammed maintained that he was a shepherd. Mohammed Roze, an official with the Afghan government's peace commission in Konar province, said Mohammed was set up by a cousin with whom he was feuding.
American officials tried to stop detainees from turning Guantánamo into what some former U.S. officials have since called an "American madrassa" — an Islamic religious school — but some of their efforts backfired.
The original Guantánamo camp, Camp X-Ray, was little more than a collection of wire mesh cells in which detainees were grouped together without much concern for their backgrounds.
In April 2002, U.S. officials shifted the detainees to Camp Delta, which grew to include a series of camps organized by security level.
For example:
- Camp One was for better-behaved detainees, who were given toiletry items such as toothpaste and shampoo and more time for outdoor exercise.
The idea was that detainees who presented graver threats and were uncooperative would be separated from those with looser ties to international terrorism.
What the plan overlooked — according to several detainees and a former U.S. defense official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the subject — is that even midlevel al Qaeda members had been trained in resistance techniques, and that one of them was to avoid calling attention to yourself. An angry cabdriver from Kabul, in other words, may have been more likely to attack a guard and end up in Camp Three than an al Qaeda militant was.
As a result, some senior radicals ended up in Camp Four, free to preach their message of international jihad to petty criminals, Taliban conscripts and detainees who had little or no previous affiliation with Islamic militancy.
At times, detainee leaders would order other men to break camp rules so that the guards would send them to higher-security blocks, where they could carry messages from their leaders, said Charles "Cully" Stimson, who was the deputy assistant secretary of defense for detainee affairs from January 2006 to February 2007.
"The communications network there is like the communications network in any jail," Stimson said. "When Americans are in captivity, they respect rank. . . . I suspect it's no different down there."
Buzby, the Guantánamo commander, said that he, too, suspected that information flowed freely between militant leaders and their men at Guantánamo's camps.
"It would be foolish to not believe that there is a hierarchy of information being passed up and down the chain of command," Buzby said.
Abdul Zuhoor, an Afghan detainee who spent time in Camp Four, said that radical detainees used the system to their full advantage.
Zuhoor said he remembered watching groups of senior Taliban and Arab detainees meet in the exercise yard.
"They considered themselves the elders of Guantánamo," Zuhoor said in an interview in the Afghan town of Charikar. "They met as a shura (religious) council."
The group, Zuhoor said, acted in concert with others across Guantánamo to issue fatwas, which then were disseminated by detainees who were being moved to other areas for medical checkups, interrogations or transfers to higher-security blocks.
An attorney for one Arab detainee, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because he feared implicating his client, said his client told him at one point that he couldn't meet with his legal team anymore.
"He said there were five or six detainees who had assumed positions of leadership in the camp, and that he had to deal with them," the attorney said. "And they said that he would need a fatwa to continue speaking with us, to continue speaking with Americans."
The fatwa, the shura council told the attorney's client, couldn't come from just any imam; it had to be from a senior cleric in Saudi Arabia, a hotbed of fundamentalist Sunni Islam.
In June 2006, Zuhoor said, a Taliban member at Guantánamo bragged to him that there soon would be three "martyrs."
"The Arabs and some Taliban sat together and issued a verdict," Zuhoor said. "Three of the men volunteered to kill themselves to get more freedom for the other detainees."
The next morning, Zuhoor said, the news spread across Guantánamo: Three Arabs had committed suicide.
The Guantánamo commander at the time, Rear Adm. Harry Harris, called the suicides acts of "asymmetric warfare."


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Posters to Occupy Everywhere
Graphic designers put their stamp on the messages of the 99%.
Click here to see a slideshow of Occupy Together posters
Though the personalized, hand-made signs of protesters may be the most powerful, one thing the Occupy movement has had going for it, from the beginning, is great posters. Remember the ballerina dancing on the Wall Street bull? The movement has now grown from a few thousand people in Manhattan's financial district tens of thousands in cities around the world—and the posters multiplied alongside it.
Occupy Together has collected poster designs from volunteer graphic designers, and compiled them for anyone who wants to download them.
Click here to view the slideshow.
How did a small protest in lower Manhattan go viral? With more than 50 cities involved, #OccupyWallStreet is already changing the debate.
There are many things you can do to be part of this growing movement—and only some of them involve sleeping outside.

subset: commoncrawl


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Travel Bra Organiser
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category with duals (list of them)
dualizable object (what they have)
ribbon category, a.k.a. tortile category
monoidal dagger-category?
String diagrams are a graphical calculus for expressing operations in a monoidal category. The idea is roughly to think of objects in a monoidal category as "strings" and a morphism from one tensor product to another as a node which the source strings enter and the target strings exit. Further structure on the monoidal category is encoded in geometrical properties on these strings. For instance
putting strings next to each other denotes the monoidal product, and having no string at all denotes the unit;
braiding strings over each other corresponds to – yes, the braiding (if any);
bending strings around corresponds to dualities on dualizable objects (if any).
Many operations in monoidal categories that look rather unenlightening in symbols become very obvious in string diagram calculus, such as the trace: an output wire gets bent around and connects to an input.
String diagrams can be seen as dual (in the sense of Poincaré duality) to commutative diagrams. For instance, in a 2-category, the string diagram for a 2-cell can be obtained as follows:
String diagrams for monoidal categories can be obtained in the same way, by considering a monoidal category as a 2-category with a single object.
There are many additional structures on monoidal categories, or similar structures, which can usually be represented by encoding further geometric properties. For instance:
in monoidal categories which are ribbon categories the strings from above behave as if they have a small transversal extension which makes them behave as ribbons. Accordingly, there is a twist operation in the axioms of a ribbon category and graphically it corresponds to twisting the ribbons by 360 degrees.
in a traced monoidal category, the trace can be represented by bending an output string around to connect to an input, even though if the objects are not dualizable the individual "bends" do not represent anything.
in monoidal categories which are spherical all strings behave as if drawn on a sphere.
in a hypergraph category, the string diagrams are labeled hypergraphs.
string diagrams can be extended to represent monoidal functors in several ways. One nice way is described in these slides, and can also be done with "3D regions" as drawn here.
there is also a string diagram calculus for bicategories, which extends that for monoidal categories regarded as one-object bicategories. Thus, the strings now represent 1-cells and the nodes 2-cells, leaving the two-dimensional planar regions cut out by the strings to represent the 0-cells. This makes it manifest that in general, string diagram notation is Poincaré dual to the globular notation: where one uses -dimensional symbols, the other uses -dimensional symbols.
string diagrams for bicategories can be generalized to string diagrams for double categories and proarrow equipments by distinguishing between "vertical" and "horizontal" strings.
Similarly, one can categorify this to "surface diagrams" for 3-categories (including monoidal bicategories) and so on; see for instance here.
As explained here, in the presence of certain levels of duality it may be better to work with diagrams on cylinders or spheres rather than in boxes. This relates to planar algebras and canopolises?.
A string diagram calculus for monoidal fibrations can be obtained as a generalization of C.S. Peirce's "existential graphs." The ideas are essentially contained in (Brady-Trimble 98) and developed in (Ponto-Shulman 12), and was discussed here.
String diagrams for closed monoidal categories (see also at Kelly-Mac Lane graph) are similar to those for autonomous categories, but a bit subtler, involving "boxes" to separate parts of the diagram. They were used informally by Baez and Stay here and here, but can also be done in essentially the same way as the proof nets used in intuitionistic linear logic; see Lamarche.
Proof nets for classical linear logic similarly give string diagrams for *-autonomous categories, or more generally linearly distributive categories; see Blute-Cockett-Seely-Trimble.
See the article by Selinger below for more examples.
John Baez, QG Seminar Fall 2000 (web), Winter 2001 (web), Fall 2006 (web).
John Baez and Mike Stay, Physics, Topology, Logic and Computation: A Rosetta Stone, arXiv
The Catsters (Simon Willerton), String diagrams (YouTube)
The higher dimensional string diagrams ("zoom complexes" (Kock-Joyal-Batanin-Mascari 07)) used for presenting opetopes in the context of opetopic type theory are introduced in
Eric Finster, Opetopic Diagrams 1 - Basics (video)
Eric Finster, Opetopic Diagrams 2 - Geometry (video)
Günter Hotz introduced "plane nets" (=string diagrams) and their categories in his 1965 habilitation thesis. This seems to be the first formal definition of string diagrams in the literature.
String diagrams appeared first in Max Kelly and Laplaza's paper on coherence for compact closed categories
Where in Kelly-Laplaza do string diagrams appear? I can't find any picture of a string diagram in the paper. Perhaps they are described somewhere in the text, but I can't see it.
and again in Ross Street's work with André Joyal in the mid-80's:
Andre Joyal and Ross Street, The geometry of tensor calculus I, Advances in Math. 88 (1991) 55-112; MR92d:18011. (pdf)
Andre Joyal and Ross Street, The geometry of tensor calculus II. (pdf.
An early amplification of the use of string-diagram notation as an alternative for the traditional index-calculus for tensors is due to Roger Penrose.
Probably David Yetter was the first (at least in public) to write them with "coupons" (a term used by Nicolai Reshitikhin and Turaev a few months later) to represent maps which are not inherent in the (braided or symmetric compact closed) monoidal structure. See also these:
Peter Freyd, David Yetter, Braided compact closed categories with applications to low dimensional topology Advances in Mathematics, 77:156–182, 1989.
Peter Freyd and David Yetter, Coherence theorems via knot theory. Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra, 78:49–76, 1992.
David Yetter, Framed tangles and a theorem of Deligne on braided deformations of tannakian categories In M. Gerstenhaber and Jim Stasheff (eds.) Deformation Theory and Quantum Groups with Applications to Mathematical Physics, Contemporary Mathematics 134, pages 325–349. Americal Mathematical Society,
For more on the history of the notion see the bibliography in (Selinger 09).
Ross Street, Low dimensional topology and higher-order categories – talks about surface diagrams and includes some pictures (PS version only).
Ross Street, "Categorical structures" – discusses string diagrams for bicategories.
Some philosophical discussion is given in section 10.4 of David Corfield, Towards a Philosophy of Real Mathematics, CUP, 2003.
String diagrams for monoidal categories are discussed in
Günter Hotz, "Eine Algebraisierung des Syntheseproblems von Schaltkreisen" (1965, in german) (pdf) and (pdf)
Andre Joyal and Ross Street, The geometry of tensor calculus I, Advances in Math. 88 (1991) 55-112; MR92d:18011. (pdf)
Andre Joyal and Ross Street, The geometry of tensor calculus II. (pdf.
Andre Joyal and Ross Street, Planar diagrams and tensor algebra, available here.
For 1-categories in
(therein: many explicit calculations, colored illustrations, avoiding the common practice of indicating 0-cells by non-filled circles)
For traced monoidal categories in
Andre Joyal, Ross Street and Verity, Traced monoidal categories.
David I. Spivak, Patrick Schultz, Dylan Rupel, String diagrams for traced and compact categories are oriented 1-cobordisms, arxiv
For closed monoidal categories in
John Baez and Mike Stay, Physics, Topology, Logic and Computation: A Rosetta Stone, arxiv
Francois Lamarche, Proof Nets for Intuitionistic Linear Logic: Essential nets, 2008 pdf
For biclosed monoidal categories in
For linearly distributive categories in
For indexed monoidal categories in
Geraldine Brady, Todd Trimble, A string diagram calculus for predicate logic (1998)
Kate Ponto, Michael Shulman, Duality and traces for indexed monoidal categories, Theory and Applications of Categories, Vol. 26, 2012, No. 23, pp 582-659 (arXiv:1211.1555)
The generalization of string diagrams to one dimension higher is discussed in
John Barrett, Catherine Meusburger, Gregor Schaumann, Gray categories with duals and their diagrams, available here.
The generalization to arbitrary dimension in terms of opetopic "zoom complexes" is due to
Discussion for double categories and pro-arrow equipments is in
See also at opetopic type theory.
Last revised on November 15, 2019 at 00:22:02. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.


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What are Future and Emerging Technologies?
Future and Emerging Technologies (FET) is part of the European Commission's Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) research programme. FET's goal is to promote long-term research and lay foundations of radically new next generation technologies. FET helps identify and develop research into uncharted areas like bio-neuro-nano, which brings together brain science, biology and nanotechnology to build better computers and new information technologies. FET is often inspired by several scientific disciplines.
FET has an expanded role in Horizon 2020 (H2020), the EU's research and innovation funding programme for 2014-2020. FET and FET Flagships will form part of the "Excellence in Science" pillar and the Commission plans to open up the FET approach to all areas of EU funded research. FET will remain focused on research across disciplines, as an incubator of radically new ideas and a pathfinder for new emerging technologies.
What are FET Flagships?
FET Flagships are visionary, large-scale, science-driven research initiatives which tackle scientific and technological challenges across scientific disciplines. The winning FET Flagships ("Human Brain Project" and "Graphene") will have a transformational impact on science, technology and society overall and will make Europe more competitive. They are highly ambitious in terms of goals and resources required. They foster coordinated efforts between the EU, Member States' national and regional programmes and beyond. They typically require cooperation among a range of disciplines, communities and programmes, requiring sustained support of up to 10 years.
How were the Flagships selected?
The Flagship initiatives were developed over a 2½ year preparatory phase.
- 21 eligible proposals were received in response to a call published on 20 July 2010.
- These 21 proposals were then evaluated and 6 pilots ("preparatory actions") were selected in January 2011. Flagship pilots began work on 1 May 2011. Vice-President Neelie Kroes launched them officially at the FET11 Conference in Budapest on 4 May 2011. Each of the six contenders received around €1.5 million in funding over a year to refine their strategic research roadmaps, involve the best people for the job, look for the necessary support and develop the operational and financial feasibility.
- At the end of October 2012, the 6 finalists submitted their complete research proposals, including a roadmap and implementation plan, together with a detailed and thorough justification for the proposed investment, as well as an analysis of the European landscape in the topic at stake.
- Finally, in November-December 2012, a panel of 25 world-renowned experts evaluated the six Flagship proposals. The winners were publicly announced on 28 January 2013.
Why were these two Flagships selected over the others?
The Flagships were selected by a panel of 25 expects including leading scientists and specialists from a broad range of disciplines, distinguished professors, science and policy advisors, a Nobel Prize winner, former CEOs of multinational companies and experts on science and society. They looked at which of the Flagships offer the best scientific and technological excellence, as well as sound implementation plans, and which would create the greatest value for Europe in terms of impact on science, technology, society and economy. The "Human Brain Project" and "Graphene" were evaluated as the two best proposals.
What will happen to the projects that have not been selected?
The remaining Flagship finalists (FuturICT Knowledge Accelerator and Crisis-Relief System: Guardian Angels for a Smarter Life:IT Future of Medicine: and Robot Companions for Citizens) have stimulated an unprecedented degree of collaboration between scientific communities across Europe, leading to integrated research agendas of high value both for Member States and Europe as a whole. These research agendas and topics will remain valid for the future H2020 programme as well as for national research and innovation programmes but there will be no funding specifically reserved for them. That means that research proposals growing out of these four projects will have to compete with other proposals submitted in response to future calls.
When will Graphene and the Human Brain Project get to work?
Negotiations with the two winners will start at the end of January 2013. Pending approval from the ICT committee of Member and Associated States, contracts for the initial ramp-up phase (funded from the EU's 2013 budget) could be signed and projects could start in September 2013.
How will the Flagships be funded?
The grand challenges addressed by Flagships will require a long-term sustained effort. Each flagship could receive around €1 billion in total funding over 10 years. This will come from the European Commission and from other partners including universities, Member States and the private sector and industry.
The European Commission will support both flagships for up to 10 years through its research and innovation funding programmes. In the first phase, the winners will each receive up to €54 million from the European Commission's ICT 2013 Work Programme. From 2014-2020 the Commission's contribution will come from Horizon 2020 which is currently being negotiated in the European Parliament and Council. There will be careful monitoring during the lifetime of the projects so that the flagships continue to be an efficient use of tax-payers' money.
The Commission hopes that each flagship will be accompanied by a fleet of additional projects which complement the main flagship theme. Under Horizon 2020, the Commission has proposed to launch Calls for this fleet of projects which would collaborate with the flagship "core project". Ideally similar collaboration agreements would also be signed with related EU, national and regionally funded projects.
How many research groups are involved in these Flagships, where are they from?
The "Graphene" Flagship is led by Jari Kinaret from the Chalmers University of Technology (Sweden). This Flagship coordinates 176 academic and industrial research groups in 17 European countries for the first 30 months.
The "Human Brain Project" Flagship is led by Henry Markram from EPFL (Switzerland). The HBP consortium comprises 87 organisations in 23 different countries (of which 16 European) including universities, research organisations and industry.
Both consortia will have the possibility to take on additional partners through an open call, issued soon after the start of the initiatives.
Can we really justify funding large-scale scientific projects in the current economic climate?
This is about investing in Europe's future. Tackling grand challenges necessitates, in certain cases, large scale projects which require large scale investment. The European Commission is supporting ambitious and risky projects which promise a large return in the long term. Supporting these projects will help Europe maintain its position as a global player, particularly in priority areas which could create jobs and growth.
Major challenges like these can only be tackled at a European level, giving a better chance of long term success. These flagships will identify the synergies amongst national research agendas, increase collaboration and efficiency and help to overcome fragmented and scattered research in Europe.
Will there be any more FET Flagships?
The Commission has included FET Flagships as part of its proposal for Horizon 2020. Whether there will be any new Flagships will depend on the European Parliament and European Council's overall decision on the H2020 budget and the experiences with the first two Flagships.
How will the Flagships revitalise research in Europe?
The EU will lose its competitive edge if we do not address the current fragmentation of research landscapes. Many projects and programs currently co-exist and lack the critical mass needed to get a maximum impact from investments. Reversing this trend will not be easy but this is the one of the main ambitions of FET Flagships.
The fleet of projects linked to each Flagship will be coordinated through collaboration agreements which are closely aligned with Flagship goals, ensuring maximum impact for research efforts and investments
National funding agencies and ministries may also apply for an ERANET project in Spring 2013. Its purpose would be to identify Flagship topics on which Member States would combine their resources in common future calls for research projects related to the Flagships.
How are the Flagships linked to industry?
Flagships are uniquely positioned to bridge the gap between science-driven research and industry; they will deliver exciting new technologies that will have a transformational impact on industry and the economy. Flagships include scientists and researchers as well as industry, standing together to turn the tide in European innovation and to accelerate the path for bringing new technologies and services to the market.
Each of the winning Flagships includes industry participants, for example SAP and Cray are partners in the "Human Brain Project", along with IBM's Zurich research lab. Nokia, Philips, Alcatel-Lucent, Thales, ST Microelectronics, Airbus, Aixtron and Oxford Instruments are world-leading companies and consortium members in the "Graphene" flagship.
How open will these flagships be?
Flagships are not monolithic structures. They are designed to be open, to enable research on alternative paths and methodologies. The partnership composition will be flexible. The budget reserved for competitive open calls in each Flagship will enable new partners to join.
More specifically, Flagships will devote 20% of their resources in the ramp-up phase to an open call for new partners to join the consortium; the open calls will enable new expertise to be brought in to the Flagships in response to the evolution of the scientific and technological roadmaps.
Annex: Further information on the FET Flagships as provided by the winners
Graphene: The mission of Graphene is to take graphene and related layered materials from academic laboratories to society, revolutionize multiple industries and create economic growth and new jobs in Europe.
Graphene has been subject to a scientific explosion since the groundbreaking experiments on the novel material less than ten years ago, recognized by the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010 to Professor Andre Geim and Professor Kostya Novoselov, at the University of Manchester. Graphene's unique combination of superior properties makes it a credible starting point for new disruptive technologies in a wide range of fields.
With today's announcement Europe is launching a new form of joint, coordinated research initiative of unprecedented scale. The Graphene Flagship brings together an academic-industrial consortium aiming at a breakthrough for technological innovation. The research effort will cover the entire value chain from materials production to components and system integration, and targets a number of specific goals that exploit the unique properties of graphene.
Key applications are for instance fast electronic and optical devices, flexible electronics, functional lightweight components and advanced batteries. Examples of new products enabled by graphene technologies include fast, flexible and strong consumer electronics such as electronic paper and bendable personal communication devices, and lighter and more energy efficient airplanes. On the longer term, graphene is expected to give rise to new computational paradigms and revolutionary medical applications such as artificial retinas.
From the start in 2013 the Graphene Flagship will coordinate 126 academic and industrial research groups in 17 European countries with an initial 30-month-budget of 54 million euro. The consortium will be extended with another 20-30 groups through an open call, issued soon after the start of the initiative, which will further strengthen the engineering aspects of the flagship.
The flagship will be coordinated by Chalmers University of Technology based in Gothenburg, Sweden. Director is Professor Jari Kinaret who will lead the research activities together with the leaders of the 15 work packages. The management team is supported by a Strategic Advisory Council that includes the European Nobel Laureates Sir Andre Geim (chairman), Albert Fert, Klaus von Klitzing and Sir Kostya Novoselov, industrial representatives from Nokia and Airbus, and two representatives of the global graphene research community.
"Although the flagship is extremely extensive, it cannot cover all areas. For example, we don't intend to compete with Korea on graphene screens", says the Professor Jari Kinaret at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Flagship Director. "Graphene production, however, is obviously central to our project."
During the 30 month ramp-up phase, the Graphene Flagship will focus on the area of communications, concentrating on ICT and on the physical transport sector, and supporting applications in the fields of energy technology and sensors. After the ramp-up phase, the flagship will grow to full size and include many new groups and activities. The details of flagship implementation after the ramp-up phase are still open and form a part of the discussions on the Horizon 2020 research program of the European Union.
The Human Brain Project: Understanding the human brain is one of the greatest challenges facing 21st century science. If we can rise to the challenge, we can develop new treatments for brain diseases, build revolutionary new computing technologies and gain profound insights into what makes us human. Using a unique simulation-based approach, HBP aims to provide researchers worldwide with a tool to understand how the brain really works.
Future Neuroscience: Neuroscience is generating exponentially growing volumes of data and knowledge on specific aspects of the healthy and diseased brain, in different species, at different ages. Yet despite these incredible advances, we still lack a unified understanding of the brain that can span its multiple levels of organisation, from genes to cognition and behaviour. This will require the development of radically new ICT: new supercomputing technologies to federate and manage the data, to integrate it in computer models and simulations of the brain, to identify patterns and organisational principles and to identify gaps to be filled by new experiments.
Future Medicine: Rising healthcare costs and the increasing number of European citizens who face the burden of caring for relatives with disorders of the brain, mean that a radically new approach is necessary. Today, the causes of most psychiatric and neurological diseases are still unknown or only partially understood. Diagnosis is often based on physical symptoms and is often only possible in the late stages of disease. The Human Brain Project will collect the masses of clinical data available, mining for biological patterns, leading to new ways of diagnosing and classifying brain diseases. This new approach opens up possibilities for new treatments, better identification of potential drug targets and could significantly speed up the process of clinical trials.
Future Computing: As modern computers exploit ever-higher numbers of parallel computing elements, they face a power wall: power consumption rises with the number of processors, potentially to unsustainable levels. By contrast, the brain manages billions of processing units connected via kilometres of fibres and trillions of synapses, while consuming no more power than a light bulb. Understanding how it does this – the way it computes reliably with unreliable elements, the way the different elements of the brain communicate – can provide the key not only to a completely new category of hardware (Neuromorphic Computing Systems) but to a paradigm shift for computing as a whole. The economic and industrial impact of such a shift is potentially enormous.
Research Platforms for the Scientific Community: Based on previous pioneering work by the project partners, HBP's will build an integrated system of six ICT-based research platforms, providing scientists anywhere in the world with access to highly innovative tools and services that can radically accelerate the pace of their research. These will include: The Neuroinformatics Platform: bringing together data and knowledge from neuroscientists around the world and making it available to the scientific community; The Brain Simulation Platform: integrating this information in unifying computer models, making it possible to identify missing data, and allowing in silico experiments, impossible in the lab; The High Performance Computing Platform: providing the interactive supercomputing technology neuroscientists need for data-intensive modeling and simulations; The Medical Informatics Platform: federating clinical data from around the world, providing researchers with new mathematical tools to search for biological signatures of disease; The Neuromorphic Computing Platform: translating brain models into a new class of hardware devices testing their applications; The Neurorobotics Platform: allowing neuroscience and industry researchers to experiment with virtual robots controlled by brain models developed in the project.
The HBP platforms will drive a global, collaborative effort to address fundamental issues in future neuroscience, future medicine and future computing, with funding intended for groups outside the original HBP Consortium, working on themes of their own choosing.
As one of 2 projects selected to receive a European Future and Emerging Technologies (FET) Flagship, HBP takes a truly collaborative approach, combining existing knowhow from across Europe and internationally. The project will profoundly impact the healthcare and computing industries, giving Europe a pioneering role in what are likely to become some of the most important segments of the 21st century world economy.
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DoD Establishing U.S. Africa Command
By Jim Garamone
American Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, Feb. 6, 2007 - The U.S. military will establish a separate U.S. Africa Command to oversee military operations on the African continent, Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates announced during Congressional testimony today.
"The president has decided to stand-up a new unified, combatant command, Africa Command, to oversee security cooperation, building partnership capability, defense support to non-military missions, and, if directed, military operations on the African continent," Gates said in testimony before the Senate Armed Services Committee.
The command will enable the U.S. military to have a more effective and integrated approach than the current command setup, Gates said.
Responsibility for operations on the African continent is currently divided among three combatant commands: U.S. European Command, which has responsibility for most of the nations in the African mainland except in the Horn of Africa; U.S. Central Command, which has responsibility for Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia and Kenya; and U.S. Pacific Command, which has responsibility for Madagascar, the Seychelles and the Indian Ocean area off the African coast.
Gates called this arrangement an "outdated arrangement left over from the Cold War."
He added that DoD will consult closely with Congress and European and African allies to implement the effort.
[Web Version: http://www.defenselink.mil/News/NewsArticle.aspx?ID=2940]


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What makes you look complete other than the smile on your face?! It is the accessory that will complete your look. We have the best in class fashion accessories which are really fashion forward. Every accessory we have in store will make you strike a style statement. We store accessories ranging from earrings, bangles, handbags, potli bags, clutches, ear cuffs and more just to suit all of your style needs. Buy your fashion accessories here. We aim at giving you a stunning ensemble!
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Join the hard-working ANZ KiwiSaver Scheme.
Keep track online
As a member of one of our KiwiSaver schemes, you can view your KiwiSaver account online. Choose from the options below.
Other ways to keep track
For a summary of how investment markets - and the funds you're invested in - have performed, see our quarterly market review.
You can also find a range of helpful information online.
For further information, please see the relevant guide and product disclosure statement:
- ANZ KiwiSaver Scheme guide and product disclosure statement
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The guide and product disclosure statements are available by calling 0800 736 034. The ANZ KiwiSaver Scheme guide and product disclosure statement are also available from any ANZ branch.
Issuer and manager: ANZ New Zealand Investments Limited ('ANZ Investments') is the issuer and manager of the ANZ KiwiSaver Scheme and the ANZ Default KiwiSaver Scheme.
Investments are not deposits in ANZ Group: Investments in the ANZ KiwiSaver Scheme or the ANZ Default KiwiSaver Scheme are not deposits in ANZ Bank New Zealand Limited, Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited, or their subsidiaries (together 'ANZ Group'), nor are they liabilities of ANZ Group. ANZ Group does not stand behind or guarantee ANZ Investments. Investments are subject to investment risk, including possible delays in repayment, and loss of income and principal invested. ANZ Group will not be liable to you for the capital value or performance of your investment.
No guarantee: Investments in the ANZ KiwiSaver Scheme and ANZ Default KiwiSaver Scheme are not guaranteed by ANZ Group, any of its directors, or any other person.
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Women?s Tennis Player of the Week ? No. 4
KANSAS CITY, Mo. – Livia Blasque of Lewis-Clark State (Idaho) has been named NAIA Women's Tennis Player of the Week, the national office announced Wednesday. Blasque was selected based on her performances from April 1 – 7 and was chosen out of a pool of conference/independent/unaffiliated group player of the week selections.
The sophomore native of Andradina, Brazil, went 5-0 in singles and 4-1 in doubles on the week and helped the Warriors take down three ranked teams. On April 1, Blasque defeated Nina Pudar in No. 2 singles, 6-4, 6-4, helping Lewis-Clark State to a 6-3 victory over No. 11 Vanguard (Calif.). The next day, she defeated the No. 2 singles player of Westmont (Calif.), 6-3, 6-4.
On April 4 against Arizona Christian, Blasque played No. 1 singles and was victorious over Brianna Lopez by a score of 6-0, 6-0. Blasque helped the Warriors defeat its third ranked team in a week by defeating Concordia's (Calif.) No. 2 singles player, 6-3, 6-4, on April 5. The next day she returned to the court in the No. 1 singles slot and defeated Biola's (Calif.) Kathryn Ashford, 6-2, 6-1.
The next women's tennis Player of the Week will be announced on April 17.
Nominees: Alyssa Fuentes, Davenport (Mich.); Agnese Rozite, Mobile (Ala.); Miranda Weaver, Bethel (Kan.); Erin Hart, Cumberlands (Ky.); Megan Solberg, Morningside (Iowa); Lindsea Vaudt, Concordia (Neb.); Tiffany William, Auburn Montgomery (Ala.); Janel Prather, Kansas Wesleyan; Madeline Bellew , Ottawa (Kan.); Luisa Lopes, Coastal Georgia; Laura Vergara, Lindsey Wilson (Ky.); Stephanie Perez, Indiana Tech; Katie Becker, Tabor (Kan.); Hui-I Huang, Embry-Riddle (Fla.); Fernanda Correa, Warner (Fla.); Angelica Sepulveda, Cumberland (Tenn.); Ashlan Allison, Olivet Nazarene (Ill.); Theresa Schmaus, SCAD Savannah (Ga.); Katherine Ternent, Nebraska Wesleyan; Amanda Materre, Xavier (La.); Zalina Nazarova, Brenau (Ga.).
2013 Composite Award Winners
Week 1: Jade Curtis, Auburn Montgomery (Ala.)
Week 2: Hui-I Huang, Embry-Riddle (Fla.)
Week 3: Olivia West, Xavier (La.)
Week 4: Livia Blasque, Lewis-Clark State (Idaho)


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The 6 Things You Need When Starting An Online Business
Although you may not yet know how to start an online business, you will see once you have read this article that it is not as complicated or costly as you may think. Compared to a traditional 'bricks and mortar' business, the set up costs for an online business are low and you do not have to be a technological guru to get started. You can even sell other people's products if you don't have your own and get paid a commission when somebody buys them from you.
1. Choose What You Want To Sell.
Firstly, when you start an online business you need something to sell. It's important to select something that interests you. It will be difficult to keep your commitment going for your new business if you don't like what you are selling. You don't have to be an expert in what you choose, as you can learn as you go along, but you need to stay enthusiastic and want to keep developing your internet business.
Starting up an internet business is easy when you become an affiliate for websites such as Amazon, CJ Affiliate, ClickBank or JVZoo. From these websites you can sell any products you like and earn commissions on every sale.
2. Website Domain Name And Hosting.
The next step on how to start an online business is to get a domain name. Your domain name is your website address on the internet. It is how people will find your business on the internet with an easy to remember word or set of words. You will also need to 'rent' some space on the internet, called website hosting, so that your business will actually be online.
3. Build A Website.
The thing that most people are concerned about when they want to know how to start an online business is developing a website. But it is not as complex as it may seem. There are a lot of software programs available that make it easy for new online business owners to create their own website. If you don't want to do it yourself, you can get a web designer to do it for you. Mkae sure that you keep the website layout clean and simple and make it easy for site visitors to find your products and services. You will need to update your website content regularly and don't forget to include a contact form so that people can get in touch with you.
4. Generate Website Traffic.
Even if your website has the best design and incredible products on offer, you cannot start an internet business if nobody is aware that your business exists! You have to learn how to build website traffic to make sales. This can be done with both paid and free methods. Remember that no visitors means no business.
5. Build A Customer List.
Collecting email addresses from customers, or list building, is one of the best online business strategies for success. To do this effectively you need an autoresponder. It can handle many more emails than you could ever process manually and helps you to manage and organise your database of customers.
6. Training and knowledge.
If you started a new job working for somebody else, you would need to have somebody to show you what you needed to do. It is no different when you start an internet business. You can, and most likely will, become stuck with particular areas at some time or another. By investing in your online business training, you'll learn how to successfully start an online business. Take time to learn from those who have gone before you so that you can avoid mistakes and become profitable more quickly.
When setting up an online business there can seem to be a mountain of obstacles to climb – from getting your website online, to finding the right products to sell and the best customers to buy them. Discover quick, easy and proven online business strategies here.


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Book Direct with the Owner at Upper Mangrove Australia with Accommodation Gold Coast Agent in Upper Mangrove, for all your adventures and things to do.
Address: Moonee Beach Trail, Moonee NSW 2259
Address: Birdie Beach Drive, Freemans NSW 2259
Address: Elizabeth Bay Drive, Wybung NSW 2259
Address: Tuggerah Beach Trail, Magenta NSW 2261
Address: Shelly Beach Road, Shelly Beach NSW 2261
Address: 1 Weakleys Drive, Thornton NSW 2322
Address: 170 Yarramalong Road, Yarramalong NSW 2259
Address: Woy Woy Road, Woy Woy Bay NSW 2256
Address: 1 Red Hill Road, Corner of Yarramalong Road, Wyong Creek NSW 2259
Address: Ourimbah State Forest, 1 Red Hill Road, Yarramalong NSW 2259
Address: Glenworth Valley Outdoor Adventures, Glenworth Valley NSW 2250
Address: Popran Road, Glenworth Valley NSW 2250
Address: Bucketty Site, Intersection of George Downes Drive,, Bucketty NSW 2250
Address: Woy Woy Road, Woy Woy Bay NSW 2256
Address: The Scenic Road, Bensville NSW 2251
Address: Bouddi Coastal Walk, Bouddi NSW 2251
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Address: Maitland Bay Track, Bouddi NSW 2251
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Learn. Share. Plan.
Celebrating the Holidays After
the Loss of a Loved One
Article Posted on
The holidays are a usually a time for fun and celebration, but when you've experienced the loss of a loved one, the festive season can be difficult.
You may find some solace in acknowledging your loss during the holidays and special occasions by embracing the good memories, rather than focusing on the grief.
It may provide you with a deeper sense of connection and comfort to attend a memorial service at your local funeral home. You can also light a tribute candle at home and remember the good times that you shared together when they were alive.
There are different ways that you can remember and honour your loved one during the holiday season. You can keep the holidays the same, try something entirely new or combine old traditions with new ones.
Keep the Same Traditions
You may find it comforting to stick with your regular holiday traditions. Continue to do what made them love the holiday as a way to keep their memory alive.
Combine Old With New
For some families, making a few changes to traditional festivities helps everyone to better cope with the absence.
For example, if you and your spouse always had a big tree and lots of presents, even after the kids left home, instead try a simple wreath and a few well-chosen gifts, or make a donation to charity in your family's name.
If dinner is always at your house, ask another family member to entertain this year. You can also bake their favourite dessert as a way to share the holiday with them.
Throughout the season, make an effort to accept invitations to holiday events. You may be surprised by how an evening out can lighten your spirits even while you are missing someone special.
Develop New Traditions
You may find it difficult to celebrate the holidays when you have experienced the loss of a loved one. Things have changed and the holidays will never be the same as they once were. Making a change to your holiday traditions may bring you some comfort.
You can create new traditions and memories by trying new things and planning new activities. For example:
- Volunteering can be a good way to feel connected and your help will be greatly appreciated. Volunteer at your local food bank, soup kitchen, church group, animal shelter or homeless shelter. It may become tribute to your loved one.
- Go out to eat or invite friends over
- Go the theatre or see a movie
- If you prefer not to stay home during the holidays, you can always take a trip.
- Treat yourself to a spa day, massage or whatever you enjoy doing that helps you relax.
While the holidays can be lonely you don't have to feel alone. Take it one day at a time. Focus on understanding what your needs are and meeting them.


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Have you heard of the Plaid Nation? Before today, I had not. The Plaid Nation is "a rolling celebration of creativity and a demonstration of social media in action." A bunch of creatively minded people (from the Plaid design agency) is traveling across America, from Detroit to New Orleans on an exploration of the social media sorts. They are setting out to meet with creative, marketing, brand and internet workers, and celebrating their innovations.
The Plaid Nation recently passed through Chicago and stopped by the Threadless headquarters. Check out the clip below featuring an interview with Threadless marketing mastermind, Bob Nanna. You can also see snipits of the Threadless offices and Bob also explains how the look of the Threadless Headquarters came to be!
For more information about the tour, check out The Plaid Nation website. The tour started on July 20 in Detroit and will end on July 31 in New Orleans. Other cities that the tour will be covering include: Milwaukee, Indianapolis, St. Louis, Kansas City, Memphis.


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OXYGEN MEDIA GOES LIVE FOR PREMIERE OF "BAD GIRLS CLUB" ON DECEMBER 1st
Innovative Two-Screen Experience Creates First-Ever Real Time Water Cooler at www.OXYGENLIVE.com
NEW YORK, NY - November 23, 2009 � Leveraging the power of social and interactive media, Oxygen is launching a groundbreaking real time destination, www.OxygenLive.com, as a companion to every one of its original series, announced Jason Klarman, General Manager, Oxygen Media.
Fans no longer have to wait until the next morning to chat around the water cooler about the latest show gossip. Instead, OxygenLive is the first two-screen experience in which fans can socialize, interact and react in real time through a live chat, Facebook and Twitter (#badgirlsclub) all in one place while the show airs.
OxygenLive kicks off with the season premiere of one of Oxygen's most popular series, "Bad Girls Club," Tuesday, December 1 at 10PM ET. Viewers will be able to participate in a live chat hosted by Oxygen editors along with special guests from www.evilbeetgossip.com, other "Bad Girls Club" fans and, through the season, the new cast members. OxygenLive "Bad Girls Club Edition" will continue each Tuesday at 10PM ET throughout the season with new episode premieres.
"Today's young female audience wants to chat, text, IM, and Tweet about their favorite shows while they watch them live," said Jason Klarman, General Manager, Oxygen. "OxygenLive re-imagines TV as a social, interactive, experience that allows viewers to connect with the shows and the characters they love...and each other."
In addition to the live chat, Facebook and Twitter conversations, fans also will be able to participate in real time polls about what is happening during the show.
"We wanted to create a socially charged viewing party that connected fans, talent and the bloggers we love around the �Bad Girls Club� every week," said Jennifer Kavanagh, Vice President, Digital and New Media, Oxygen. "There are so many fun, drama-filled moments that are Tweeted about and posted on Facebook, why not pull it all together and host it live?"
"At Evil Beet Gossip, we consider ourselves the original �Bad Girls Club�," said Sasha Pasulka, Managing Editor, Evil Beet Gossip. "We're all about the good, the bad, the ugly ... and especially the catty. We love celebrity gossip and the Bad Girls arethe queens of catty, and, to be honest, we look to them for inspiration. We're huge fans of the show."
Season four of "Bad Girls Club" brings seven new self-proclaimed "bad girls" together in a beautiful mansion in Los Angeles. These women recognize that their outrageous behavior has hindered their relationships, careers and lives. They have issues with anger, trust and control. In a house full of women with similarly explosive personalities, clashes erupt between roommates and housemates over everything from who�s on cleaning duty to where they should go out at night. Will these bad girls, faced with the mirrored image of their own behavior, learn to moderate and control their bad girl energy or will they spin out of control and flee this opportunity for change? By Bunim-Murray Productions, season four of "Bad Girls Club" promises more outrageous behavior than ever before.
About Oxygen Media
Oxygen Media is a multiplatform lifestyle brand that delivers relevant and entertaining content to young women, wherever they are. Oxygen is rewriting the rulebook for women's media, with a vast array of unconventional and original content including "Bad Girls Club," "Dance Your Ass Off" and "Tori & Dean: Home Sweet Hollywood." Popular features online include makeOvermatic, tweetOverse and hormoneOscope. Available in 75 million homes, online at www.oxygen.com, or on mobile devices at wap.oxygen.com, Oxygen Media is a service of NBC Universal.


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Fatmans- Thursday Specials
December 27, 2018
Thursday Specials at Fatmans:
$5 Beef Nachos Baskets, $7 Jumbo Long Islands & $3 Peroni
Happy Hour: 1/2 Price Well Mixers 4-6pm
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In this photo taken on Thursday, Jan. 31, 2013, author Ma Thida gestures while talking during an interview at her office in Yangon, Myanmar. Nearly two years into reformist president Thein Sein's term, the rush of hope and idealism that greeted many new freedoms - most strikingly freedom of speech - is turning into a measured assessment of the country's progress. Long accustomed to writing around censorship, Myanmar's writers are relearning the habits of free thought and testing the boundaries of speech. (AP Photo/Khin Maung Win)
YANGON, Myanmar (AP) — Poet Saw Wai parked himself on the lawn, unfurled a map of Myanmar with a blob of blood-red paint dripping down from a spot up north and invited people to make poetry with him.
"He's calling for more trouble," said a passerby.
What the message lacked in subtlety it made up for in brazenness. Government forces have been pounding ethnic rebels in Myanmar's northern Kachin state, displacing tens of thousands and testing the country's fast-growing friendship with the West. It's the sort of thing you couldn't really talk about here for 50 years.
EDITOR'S NOTE — This story is the first installment in "Portraits of Change," a yearlong series by The Associated Press examining how the opening of Myanmar after decades of military rule is — and is not — changing life in the long-isolated Southeast Asian country.
Nearly two years into reformist President Thein Sein's term, the rush of hope and idealism that greeted many new freedoms — most strikingly freedom of speech — is turning into a measured assessment of the nation's progress. Long accustomed to writing around censorship, Myanmar's writers are relearning the habits of free thought and testing the boundaries of speech. But change has also brought questions about how licensing requirements and market capitalism will shape public debate and how speech should be regulated in a multiethnic and multireligious nation of Buddhists, Muslims and Christians.
Saw Wai, who served 28 months as a political prisoner, grinned as he handed out photocopies of his latest poems.
"I'm not afraid," he said. "I'm just a guinea pig, testing freedom of expression on behalf of the people."
Myanmar's censorship board, which shut in August, was officially rebranded the Copyrights and Registration Division at the end of January, just in time for Yangon's first international literary festival, where Saw Wai staged his poetry performance. The festival, which ended Sunday, brought together around 80 Myanmar authors — including exiles and former political prisoners like opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi — and international writers, like Jung Chang, whose best-selling "Wild Swans" recently became available in Burmese, though it is still banned in China. Myanmar is also known as Burma.
For decades Myanmar's books, like its people, were subjected to varying degrees of physical violence. First, there was the censor's red pen, which slashed across manuscript pages. Writers, bearing gifts of food, clothing and books pleaded with censors not to cut too deep. Authors also had to submit copies of their printed work before distribution. Pages that didn't conform to the government's edit were torn out, undesirable phrases blacked over.
It was an age of allegory. There were forbidden words: Poverty. Suicide. Kiss.
Fiction began to fill in for news. People turned to literary magazines, stuffed with topical short stories, because newspapers and television broadcast only government propaganda. Writers passed banned manuscripts among friends.
Saw Wai said he never let the censors into his head, writing exactly what he wanted to, even if it meant his work could not be distributed. That's changing. A new book of his poems, including some that were previously censored, came out in November.
No publisher has yet been brave enough to publish the poem that landed him in prison in 2008. That doesn't mean you can't read it. A poster of the poem, which includes an encrypted insult against Myanmar's former leader, hangs on the wall of his wife's restaurant in Yangon. It's also on his Facebook page.
Newly unmuzzled, many writers are eager simply to say what they see.
While Saw Wai calls his work "realism poetry," author Ma Thida describes her novels as "documentary fiction." In 2011, her book "The Roadmap," which opens with the 1988 uprising when the military brutally crushed popular protests, was published abroad. Though it was written in English and came out in Thailand, she was afraid to publish under her own name, choosing Suragamika ("Brave Traveler") instead.
She knew something had changed when her prison memoir was published in Myanmar a year later. "I didn't expect to get this book published in Burmese," she said.
While the new liberties have been good for Ma Thida's writing, the rush of competition has been terrible for the circulation of the four publications she helps oversee. The arrival of nongovernment news journals has also pulled people from her literary magazine, she said.
Today, some of the laws used to incarcerate Ma Thida, who was sentenced to 20 years for passing an opposition political journal to a friend, remain on the books.
Under the 1962 Printers and Publishers Registration Law, publications must be licensed by the state. Critics say the awarding and renewing of licenses is not transparent and could be used to silence dissent. "Cronies can get licenses easily. We cannot," Ma Thida said, referring to business people with connections to the former military rulers. "It is a kind of a censorship."
Myanmar's constitution enshrines freedom of expression if it doesn't harm "community peace" or "public order and morality." While that could be used to block the kind of hate speech that fueled ethnic violence in western Myanmar last year, such sweeping measures can also be used for political prosecutions. Myanmar is working on a new press law, which could address issues such as defamation and the right to access information.
"We're in a phase where maybe the dream era is coming to an end, and it's a hard struggle," said Oxford historian Timothy Garton Ash, who has studied freedom of expression in former totalitarian states. "Once you have free speech, you have to work out how to use it."
The years of censorship have given author Tin Tin Win, who writes under the name Ju, an enduring sense of the power of writing. Ideas were, after all, dangerous enough that the government tried to control them.
"Literature can change our heart," she said. "The reader cannot forget what they read in their heart."
As for whether the new freedoms might dilute that power?
"Maybe I will know about that later," she said.
It was 22 years before Ju got permission to publish the first book she wrote. Published in 2011 — minus a few key chapters cut by censors — "Ahmat Taya" ("Remembrance") is a love story about two unmarried medical students living together. The censors, Ju said, had rejected the plot as "poisonous" to the dignity of Myanmar's women.
Today, Ju is Facebook friends with the man who was Myanmar's last chief censor. Sometimes they chat online.
The swift change has forced her to ask fundamental questions about how and what she writes. After 19 novels, it's difficult to get the censor out of her head. Most things she writes twice, once in the old way, and then again, fumbling with the new.
Instead of straining against boundaries that have been forced on her, now she must now delimit her own speech, deciding, for example, how far to push religious taboos.
"With censorship gone, it's difficult to write," she said. "It's a big responsibility for me."
Online: www.freespeechdebate.com
EDITOR'S NOTE _ This story is the first installment in "Portraits of Change," a yearlong series by The Associated Press examining how the opening of Myanmar after decades of military rule is _ and is not _ changing life in the long-isolated Southeast Asian country.


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Browsing M.A. Applied Health Sciences by Subject "Weight"
Now showing items 1-1 of 1
The Moderating Effects of Appearance Commentary on the Relationship Between Weight Status and Physical Activity Participation in Female College Students (Brock University, 2011-08-24)When looked at individually, overweight status and a higher frequency of negative appearance commentary (AC) are associated with lower physical activity (PA) levels. However, the combined effect has yet to be examined. The ...


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Recent News
June 24, 2014
Doctor's Best Recalls Red Yeast Rice Due to Undeclared Lovastatin
The Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services received information regarding a recall of Red Yeast Rice dietary supplement, 600 mg Capsules, 120-count bottles to the retail level. Red Yeast Rice has been found to contain undeclared lovastatin, a previously approved drug indicated for the treatment of high cholesterol, making this an unapproved new drug.
Red Yeast Rice is used as a dietary supplement for lowering cholesterol. Consumers who use supplements found to contain lovastatin in rare cases could result in serious muscle injury; particularly if taking with prescription "statins" such as lovastatin, simvastatin, or atorvastatin. Pregnant women could theoretically put their unborn child at risk by using this product with undeclared lovastatin. Patients with pre-existing liver disease may be at an increase risk for liver injury following chronic use of statins.
The product is packaged in white plastic bottles with an orange flip-top lid, and a clear tamper evident outer seal number of units with the UPC code 753950001183. Red Yeast Rice product includes the following lot 3121005 and expires February 2017.
Red Yeast Rice was distributed nationwide through retail and internet outlets.
The full recall can be found at www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm402584.htm.


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At Greenpeace India we are always looking for the most effective ways to communicate our messages – today in the hi-tech world of modern media that includes tweeting and texting, blogging and subvertising.
But there are times when going back to the old school way of doing things can be equally effective. Today I opted for some good old fashioned communications with Prime Minister Dr Singh as he was about to make key note speech to nearly 200 representatives of world governments at the UN's biodiversity conference in Hyderabad.
This afternoon I invited two tigers, who I befriended during my recent treetop protest, to join me to make clear to the PM that he has to stop the colossal carnage of forest destruction. At around 2.30 the three of us attempted to gain entry to the hall where Dr Singh was due to make his speech. All we wanted to do was get into the hall so we could ask the Prime Minister directly some questions.
I wanted in to ask the PM, "While his government's hosting this important conference on how nations across the globe can work together to protect the habitat and species of the planet, why is it continuing a policy of mass destruction of the forests to pave the way for even more mammoth coal mines?
The two Junglistan tigers wanted to ask him if news reports today are true and that his government have agreed to place another 54 coal blocks up for grabs to the highest bidder for even more mining.
For my two intrepid tiger friends, one issue that is critical for their survival is how much more forests will the PM agree to have felled before he realises that he is putting the existence of all tigers in the central belt at risk.
And the tigers being nice tigers had brought a question from the 14,000 forest dwellers whose homes and livelihoods are under threat from the wholesale destruction of huge swathes of forest lands.
Unfortunately the Prime Minister and his staff weren't in the mood to meet me or my two tiger allies to discuss these important points about protecting the hugely rich environment the PM seems hell bent on destroying. Nor was the Prime Minister in the mood to accept the petition, I have been promising to deliver to him that has over a quarter of a million signatures – all of them opposing his policies.
So barred at the door to the chamber, our intrepid tigers accepted defeat gracefully, and decided to return home but they vowed to they would continue in their fight to save India's forest regions. By now they will be well on the way back to their forest homes.
But I have one last question for the PM; how long before you wake up and start listening to the voices of ordinary Indian people who are demanding you stop this catastrophic crusade for coal that is destroying the precious Indian environment?
Update: Since sending us his blog, Brikesh and his two tiger friends were arrested and placed in custody. All of them were allowed to leave after 5 hours without any charges.The tigers were given special attention and were served milk for refreshment.
Follow @greenpeaceindia


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Find My iPhone helps you locate and protect your Apple device if it's ever lost or stolen. Just sign in to iCloud.com or the Find My iPhone app to see your missing device on a map, play a sound to help you find it, use Lost Mode to lock and track it, or remotely erase all of your personal information.
How to set up Find My iPhone, iPad, iPod touch, Apple Watch, AirPods
- Start at your Home screen.
- Tap Settings > [your name] > iCloud. If you're using iOS 10.2 or earlier, go to Settings > iCloud.
- Scroll to the bottom and tap Find My iPhone.
- Slide to turn on Find My iPhone and Send Last Location.
If you're asked to sign in, enter your Apple ID. If you forgot your Apple ID, we can help you find it.
When you set up Find My iPhone, your paired Apple Watch and AirPods are automatically set up too.
How to set up Find My Mac
- Go to the Apple () menu.
- Click System Preferences > iCloud.
- Check the box to turn on Find My Mac.
If you see a Details button next to Find My Mac, click Details > Open Security & Privacy > Enable Location Services. If Enable Location Services is dimmed in Security & Privacy preferences, click and enter the name and password of the computer administrator.
Learn more
- With Family Sharing and Find My iPhone, any family member can help locate another member's missing device.
- Learn what to do if your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch is lost or stolen. Or if your Mac is lost or stolen.
- Before you sell or give away your device, make sure you turn off Find My iPhone Activation Lock.
- Get help using Find My iPhone.


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Tonight's Genealogy Fun from Randy Seaver at Genea-Musings is to create a Wordle cloud using something you've written.
My usual plays with Wordle and word clouds use extracts from my genealogy management software, so this was a different sort of an exercise. Since I've been spending the last week on a series of posts regarding the Titanic, and specifically the fate of Washington A. Roebling II, I decided to use those posts as the basis for tonight's word cloud.
I've been using Evernote to draft the series before pasting in Blogger. I have all of the posts in a single Evernote document, along with other assorted notes as I've done my research. I copied the text of the Titanic series posts from Sunday, April 15, 2012 - Friday, April 20, 2012.
My first pass at this was using the entire text of each post, including citations. But since I've been depending fairly heavily on the Trenton Evening Times via GenealogyBank, thought the first Wordle cloud generated reflected the source citations too much.
What I wanted was something that more accurately reflected the content of the stories so I could see which names and words stood out. I went back for a second pass, this time removing the citations and leaving only the text of the posts. I'm fairly please with the results (below):
Saturday, April 21, 2012
Saturday Night Genealogy Fun - Wordle
Posted by Sara Greenleaf at 9:16 PM
2 comments:
And doesn't it look amazing! I could spend hours reading wordles :)ReplyDelete
On www.txt2pic.com you can make more images with your text.ReplyDelete
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lego-maniac wrote:I thought about my BatMecha : http://www.fbtb.net/forums/viewtopic.php?f=10&t=7795 but as is doesn't really fly I do not enter with...
Good luck everybody and txx fbtb for thos contest!
Rook wrote:Picking #5, not so much.
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Knives are out: Ousted MKR cook gives Ashlee, Sophia a serve
Departing My Kitchen Rules cook Angela Kennedy has labelled controversial pair Sophie and Ashlee as "immature" and "pathetic".
Victorian gatecrashers Angela and Melina were eliminated from the Seven Network series on Wednesday, when they lost a sudden-death cook-off against Queensland brother and sister team Jake and Elle.
It was a disappointing end for the Italians - but not as disappointing, says Kennedy, as meeting fellow gatecrashers Sophia and Ashlee from New South Wales.
While the NSW duo unleash their verbal venom on all teams, Kennedy said she and Melina Bagnato were unaware of just how pointed the comments about them were, until they saw the series for themselves.
"We would never accept people treating us that way, but the thing is they did it all behind our backs," Kennedy said.
"They just happen to be really immature and their behaviour was pathetic.
"They never said anything to our faces because if they did, we would have said something."
Kennedy and Bagnato are not the first team to comment about Ashlee and Sophia's direct nature.
Other eliminated contestants have fired parting shots at the NSW duo.
Recently eliminated Mick Newell, of the Tasmanian father-and-son team, called the duo nasty.
"They (Ashlee and Sophia) are not acting - as when the cameras were off they were just as nasty," he said. "It's good casting."
Stefano Guerra also blamed the pair for "destroying a beautiful moment", when he proposed to Lisa Gabel, who Ashlee and Sophia then labelled a "cougar" and said it was a "mother and son" relationship.
Kennedy says in recent weeks she and Bagnato have been contacted by several MKR contestants apologising for joining in on Ashlee and Sophia's criticism of the Victorians on air.
"I've had a lot of contestants since the show has aired come and apologise to me and Melina, saying they had no idea how bad it was," Kennedy said.
"We did try and explain it to them (when it was being recorded), but they didn't quite get it."
Bagnato and Kennedy didn't so much bomb-out in the sudden-death cook-off but were soundly beaten because of the superb dessert Jake and Elle served up.
"It did seem our entree and mains were par and then their dessert just blew us out of the water," Kennedy said.


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Bona fide, exceptional, phenomenal, special, rare, vocal extraordinaire are all words that people regularly use to describe the musical talent of Leonard Julien, III. Leonard is a true rhythm and blues, soul singer. He is considered a seasoned veteran at his craft and has made quite a name for himself, locally and abroad. Some say that he is one of the last "soul preachers" of his generation. He has tremendous vocal range where he can take you from Barry White all the way to Peabo Bryson because he, like a chameleon, is able to change his voice at will.
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Earlier Event: April 29Ladies NIght
Later Event: May 2The Bet That's Taken : Groove Trio + Friends


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The NY Times "Room for Debate" recently had a forum on "Rethinking How We Teach Economics", with contributions by Blinder, Taleb and Skidelsky, among others. In my contribution, I focused on the importance of asymmetric information and self-reinforcing feedback loops:
In the typical introductory textbook, wages and prices adjust so that labor is fully employed and goods are sold at the right price. A more sophisticated treatment shows up in more advanced texts, but even in some graduate texts, there is an emphasis on the self-correcting aspects of the modern macroeconomy. Recessions are eventually overcome as prices adjust to the right levels, even in the absence of government policy.
…[E]ven when unconstrained, price movements are often insufficient to clear markets, as pointed out by George Akerlof, A. Michael Spence and Joseph Stiglitz in work that garnered them the Nobel Prize. This outcome is particularly likely in markets where both sides of an economic transaction have differing sets of information, like in the credit market. During the financial crisis of 2008, the asymmetry of information regarding each institution's financial situation was so pronounced that lending fell precipitously as trust dissipated. These informational problems were only exacerbated as lending fell further. Eventually, no interest rate could induce lending and price failed to clear the credit market. Restoring the functioning of the credit markets required mitigating those information asymmetries, essentially by way of short-term government guarantees.
…The crisis highlighted the existence of these self-reinforcing feedback loops, and we ignore them at our peril.
Jeffry Frieden and I expand upon this theme in our book Lost Decades (p.89).
As prices dropped, the feedback loop that had fed the bubble took hold in reverse, with a vengeance. Homeowners with mortgages worth more—sometimes much more—than their homes had good reasons simply to give up and turn the house over to the bank. As foreclosures mounted and creditors tried to unload the houses they had been stuck with, prices were forced down further. Even many of those who wanted to try to keep up payments were done in by the financial innovations that had previously made their mortgages attractive. When home prices were rising, it was easy to refinance at attractive rates; as they fell, it became impossible to refinance. …
This post originally appeared at Econbrowser and is posted with permission.


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Bundles of New Fiction at JCPL!
If you have a lot of something all in one package, you may have a bundle. You can have bundles of money, bundles of wood, a bundle of joy, bundles of energy, be a bundle of nerves, or even have a bundle of laughs. Other words that can be used in place of bundle include barrel, as in barrel of monkeys, boatload, as in a boatload of cash, loads, as in loads of fun.
These days, bundling is the favorite buzzword of insurance companies, phone and cable companies and other merchants as they try to get your business by giving you the option to "bundle" all of your purchases into one tidy package. This sales tactic is supposed to offer better pricing and more convenience for shoppers and consumers. At the Jasper County Public Library, we offer bundles too; bundles of books, magazines, audio and e-books that you can check out for a barrel of laughs, tons of fun or gobs of enjoyment. Here are a few new adult fiction titles to get you started!
In a time when the Old South has been destroyed by violence, Augusta Branson finds herself alone to raise her young son. Her good for nothing husband has died from a mysterious blood plague, which is racing through the South, leaving victims in its wake, and Augusta is alone in a community decimated by racial hatred and dangerous secrets. Augusta needs to find someone that she can trust, but nothing is as she believed and she must rely on her own courage and strength in The Rebel Wife by Taylor M. Polites.
High finance and sophisticated computer programming are Dr. Alex Hoffman's specialty. After developing a revolutionary form of artificial intelligence that can accurately predict the financial markets, Alex is more than successful; he is a billionaire. When Alex wakes up one morning to find that the security of his lakeside mansion has been breached, he must find the identity of the intruder before his fortune is lost in The Fear Index by Robert Harris.
Breaking under the weight of working the farm in the wilds of untamed 1920's Alaska, Jack and his wife, Mabel are floundering in their marriage. On the morning of the first snowfall of the year, the couple creates a child out of the newly fallen snow. When they wake the next morning, their snow child is gone, but they see a young blonde girl running through the trees. A child of the woods, the little girl calls herself Faina, and the couple begins to love the child as if she were their own. Their violent, untamed environment, however, shatters their fairy tale and they eventually learn that all is not what it appears in The Snow Child by Eowyn Ivey.
The Italian Alps is where beautiful Enza and Ciro, a strapping mountain boy, have met. Becoming fast friends as teens, the pair becomes separated when circumstances banish them from their countryside and they come to live in America. The Shoemaker's Wife by Adriana Trigiani follows Enza and Circo on their journey, through World War I to the white capped lakes of northern Minnesota, as the power of love changes the lives of these star-crossed lovers forever.
Three generations of women, plagued by hardships, are joined by the bonds of family. Jenny, the matriarch of the family and grandmother to fifteen year old Mosely, is strong and big-hearted, tenaciously ready and willing to defend her brood, loving beyond measure. Mosely's mother, Liza has been ravaged by a stroke, and is constantly battling the demons of her teenage years. When a small grave in unearthed in the backyard, long buried secrets come to light in A Grown Up Kind of Pretty by Joshilyn Jackson.
Lindsey is just getting into the groove of her new job as director of the Briar Creek Public Library when a New York editor comes into town, creating a buzz. Teaming up with her friend, Beth to sell Beth's new children's book, the two are thrown off track by Beth's author boyfriend, who gets in the way of their book deal. When he ends up murdered and the law is about to throw the book at Beth for his demise, Lindsey must act fast to find the real killer in Books Can Be Deceiving by Jenn Mckinlay.
Books can be deceiving and you can't judge a book by its cover, but at JCPL, you can check out books by the boatload or the basketful. You can even check out a passel, a truckload, a carload or oodles, but no matter the volume of volumes you decide to check out, one thing is for sure; you'll get BUNDLES of enjoyment out of each and every one!