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Wednesday, November 30, 2011
Lemonade Stand Finances
There are several places tithing is mentioned. We are to pay a tithe, or a tenth, of our increase annually to the Lord. Not because he needs our money, frankly he'll be just fine without it, but because I need to learn to give it and recognize what is mine is really the Lords anyway.
When all the lemonade stand sales were done and the pitchers were empty Ben brought in the dishes and was off to play. Now comes the hard lesson. Sunday morning he reminded me that in the craziness of the day I hadn't paid his allowance on Saturday. True. We handled that and as he put his "Fun Money" into his piggy bank after paying his bills (tithing and savings) I remarked how he sure had a lot more money than I remembered him having last week. He is saving for a Nintendo DS and is keeping meticulous track of his progress and reports it proudly to me each week. He had about $22 last week. This week, after allowance he had about $32. I asked where it came from. The lemonade stand. Of course. I forgot. He had made $7.50 selling lemonade.
Now what? Yuck. Parenting can be rough. I mentioned that he hadn't yet payed his bills on that money yet. He was dumbstruck. What bills? Tithing. Of course he had to pay on the money I give him. I guess it's just part of the deal in his mind. I pay him and then I take his money back. He hadn't ever thought about it before that you had to pay tithing on other money. Luckily this time Brian was around. I asked, "Dad, what happens to your money when you get paid from work?" Sensing exactly where I was going, he gave an appropriate response about tithing first, then taxes, then bills, then fun. I explained that the Bible says we play on our "increase" and increase means what more we have than we had before. Did he have more on Sunday than he had on Friday? Yep. So the Lord expected that he would need to pay a tithe on that money.
Life lessons are hard, especially when you are seven years old. He took it well, after the shock wore off. He still came out ahead. The piggy bank flashes a bigger number today than it did on Friday. And hopefully it won't be a surprise next time he does a lemonade stand. I think he'll be happy to honor the Lord next time, you know, when he's mentally budgeted for the expense. Hopefully by learning the importance of tithing now will make it easier to be faithful and diligent when times are tough in college or later in his life. Those are the times that the blessings of obedience are really seen. This much I know to be true: the windows of heaven shower down blessings on those who consistently, deliberatly obey Gods laws, even when it's hard to do.
Lemonade Stand
First thing Saturday morning (I was up at 4am thawing the turkey, they came down about 6:45) they wanted to get started. It wasn't a good time and we had limited supply of ice because I had party plans for most of it. I suggested that most people would probably want to eat breakfast and get dressed before they wanted lemonade. We formally scheduled the big event for 10am. They quickly polished off a bowl of cereal each and bounded up the stairs to the craft area to make the signs they would need. By 7:30 they were ready, but the crowds, I assumed, were still in bed on a lazy Saturday morning in the middle of a four day weekend. Maddie asked about every 30 minutes if it was 10 o'clock yet and Ben asked about each thing to make sure we were ready.
As the clock ticked the minutes away, Brian peeled potatoes, I washed green beans and we both realized we needed to pick up the deep fryer to make absolutely certain our monsterous turkey would fit because going strictly by weight, it was oversized for the pot. If this plan wasn't going to work, we needed to get that bird in the oven immediately or there would be no dinner! We took the family and the wagon to get it at about 9:45. We verified it would indeed fit and headed to the grocery store to get lemonade stand cups and a couple other random groceries for the afternoon.
Beep, beep, beep went the scanner at the checkout counter and as we looked out the window into the courtyard my heart sunk. It was a downpour the likes of which are hard to explain to a Utahn. We got home from the store and unloaded the car. Ben knew it wasn't a good time so started to play and do random clean up tasks to get ready for our guests. Somewhere along the line the rain stopped but it was soon approaching 1:30 and that meant turkey time. I snagged the three little people to come and see just what we were going to eat. Everyone needed stools and it took a minute to get all situated so everyone could see the show. It was totally entertaining for me to snap photos as Brian explained the anatomy of the headless, footless bird to three wide eyed kids. Then he pulled out the neck and the innards and showed them what they were and explained the jobs of the parts.
Then it was into the pot for Mr. Turkey and within minutes the rain returned full force. Knowing my patient Ben had had enough of the months of waiting only to have to keep waiting today I suggested we make up the lemonade and have it all ready to add ice when the rain stopped. He was keen on that idea so he picked two flavors, I threw in the sugar and he happily mixed them up. Then he got a toy bin and his signs and tape and got ready to wait.
About 2:30 he'd had enough waiting. He set up shop in our driveway under the cover and waited. And waited. And waited. See, we live on a quiet, dead end circle of a road at the extreme most back corner. And it was RAINING! No one was going to be walking around. He had made signs for the main road, but didn't want the rain to ruin them so he hadn't posted them up on the light poles and trees. Finally the rain slowed to a medium sprinkle instead of a full on downpour. He opened the door and yelled, "I'm going to know tell people I'm selling lemonade!" And off he went to knock the doors of the neighbors.
Soon enough he had his first three customers and made $1.50. In a while he got two more kids to come over and at S$0.50 (US$0.38) he felt like he was getting rich quick. That was of course his last customer other than all our dinner guests who began arriving at 2:30. John and Jenna, the British couple, only had a $50 bill, which Ben couldn't break, so I loaned them $2.50 and they and their three kids all had a delicious warm cup. The ice melted instantly in the Singapore heat so nothing was cold. They thought it was such fun to buy lemonade from a real lemonade stand. It's something they had literally only seen in the movies. That made me chuckle. Silly Brits. Really though, Silly Americans, sitting in the driveway with juice and cups on an old cardboard box.
Sabbath Day Birthday Parties
Exodus 20:8-11
8 Remember the asabbath day, to keep it holy.
9 Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:
10 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:
11 For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it
If we aren't to work on the Sabbath and we shouldn't cause other people to work either then I can't justify shopping on Sunday or sports events or amusement parks or the like. That much we've been firm on. The keep it holy is a lot more subjective and I genuinly struggle with what is in the spirit of keeping the Sabbath a holy day. We give the green light to family dinners and inviting friends over to dine with us but keep it low key and only if it's a full family event for both us and our guests or inviting someone over in need. We try not to go to parties and such where, though it may be loads of good pool party/laser tag/moon bouncing fun, we won't be drawn closer to the Lord through our attendance. See what I mean? Hard line to draw.
Now that the kids are getting older we are having to deal with this commandment more and more with our kids. Ben just accepts as a given that we won't join a sports team that has Sunday practice and games, we left the cub scout campout as soon as we woke up instead of staying for the days events, so we could get packed up, showered and to church on time (and even that attendance was debated before we decided to go). We don't have playdates with neighbor kids on Sunday unless it is a small family event where their entire family is invited to enjoy time with us our entire family.
The kicker at our house these days is the birthday party invites. He knows from the time he sees that invitation come home in back pack mail that if it says "Sunday" it's the kiss of death for him. Ben has not yet ever complained, but that doesn't mean his sweet, innocent heart isn't broken and that we haven't had tears.
We said no to a birthday pool party this week because it was on Sunday but he held onto the anticipation of another party on the calendar. Two weeks ago he brought home an invite to a party for one of his very favorite classmates. It was a Laser Tag party and it was on SATURDAY!! I was about as happy as he was that he could go. He has been anxiously waiting for the big day this weekend. Early this week my heart felt like it was being ripped in two pieces as I read my email. The mother of the friend sent a note out that went something like this..."Oops! We are so sorry, but we put the wrong date on the invite. The party is actually on Sunday, Dec 4. We hope the schedule change doesn't mean you'll miss the party." What am I supposed to do? I know what I have to do, but I'm chicken. I waited two whole days to tell Ben. Finally I knew I had no choice but to break the news. He cried and threw himself on the couch. Not a single word of protest emerged though. He knows it's God's law, not mom's rule. And he is an obedient child.
I wish so much that other Christians felt the same as I do. I wish I didn't stand alone so often. I wish that more Christians chose not to do things on the Sabbath so that when I'm questioned and I explain my religious belief is based on the 10 Commandments my friends of other faiths didn't question me saying their (fill in the blank other Christian) friends do things on Sunday. I know. I know they do. But I don't. I wish so much that there were more people that remembered. It would make for so many less birthday party heart breaks in my home. For now I accept that we are peculiar. I know someday Ben (and Maddie and Jacob and #4) will hate me for our stand. But I feel like it's the right thing to teach them. I pray I have the faith and stamina to stay true. Because it's hard to make your little boy cry. His broken heart in turn breaks mine.
Tuesday, November 29, 2011
Insurance - Explanation of BEN-e-fits
Monday, November 28, 2011
Quote of the Day to Make Me Smile
I started laughing and Ben looked relieved from the akward position in which I had placed him when I said, "It doesn't really look that great, does it?"
Too Much Singing
"Mom, why rescue pack is singing all the time?"
"I'm not sure. Do you like it?"
"No. He is just singing TOO much every day he does sing."
Saturday, November 26, 2011
Cranky Jake
And a Partridge in a Pear Tree
The Turkey is STILL Frozen...and We Eat at 3:30 Today
Friday, November 25, 2011
That Was Not a Roast
Wednesday, November 23, 2011
Singapore Life
Movie Snack Bar Selection
Scout campout was this weekend. It rained. The mud was so bad I lost my shoes in the suction cup action more than once. Literally used a scrub brush to clean my legs in the shower because it would not come off my shins. Clean up has been a long and slow process because I spent so many hours at the school Monday and Tuesday. Everything had to be hosed off, scrubbed down and dried out. Then packed and stored.
When Mary and Auntie arrived this morning to clean we still had leaves in the living and dining room despite vacuuming twice as we dried and folded the tent inside. The tarp was a quarter clean and a pile of nasty mud caked croc sandals lay by the hose awaiting round two scrub downs. I wanted to cry tears of gratitude when I glanced out the window and saw Auntie, who in America would be nearing retirement age, squatting and scrubbing a pile of crocs. Then I noticed she had finished and folded up the muddy tarp. They are angels to me. Life is good. I am blessed.
Today's Project with Jake
Tuesday, November 22, 2011
Field Trip to the Wet Market with Maddie Mae
When she saw the flower shop she first wanted to buy flowers for me. She picked chrysanthemums that were dyed nearly neon green because, she reasoned, I like the color green.
Looking around I showed her what I thought looked like my moms favorite flower that she always has in the front flower boxes in the front yard. Then she decided I didn't need flowers but Ms. Kiran did and chose what I had pointed out as grandma's favorite. Two other girls joined in picking to buy the teacher flowers too. One cute girl has a tendency to boss Maddie around and either make her choices for her or copy whatever Maddie does so they are always exactly the same (from walking exactly next to each other to coloring a butterfly the same on every single stripe and polka dot).
After a bit of time with her friend at the flower shop she finally whispered in my ear that she was changing her plan and giving them to Ms. Fitzah. I was proud she was thinking on her own and being so selfless in her thoughts because most days she would have only wanted flowers for herself.
Jake of course isn't quite there yet. We now have chrysanthemums dyed neon blue in the middle of our dinner table. The kids all love them and I'd say they were totally worth $0.80.
Can't Reach
How You Know Mom Has Had Enough
Monday, November 21, 2011
iPhone HELP!!
Sunday, November 20, 2011
Scout Campout Damage
Primary Program Today
Maybe I've taken too much creative license with my translation/interpretation thinking he automatically switched into French, a language he absolutely does know. But the timing was fantastic and I started laughing.
By the way, Maddie and Ben remembered their parts and did great.
Friday, November 18, 2011
Brian in Pink?
dead bolt unlocked and went to bed. He came in about 4am and was as quiet as
humanly possible...but I'm pregnant so even the slightest noise makes me
wake and then have to get up to use the bathroom. He went to sleep and I
surfed the web on my phone laying in bed. Finally it was time to get up and
shower. As I walked out the bedroom door to face the day I saw his suitcase,
unzipped but still closed, with just a touch of pink plaid like fabric.
Immediatly I was puzzled.
I knew his subwoofer went out (a certifiable male emergency) so he had been
shopping two nights in Tokyo. Japan runs off 100V power which is close
enough to the US 110V to make it workable. He didn't want to buy a 220V one
if we will only be here two more years. Since he had been out shopping were
my eyes playing tricks on me? Was it a salmon colored plaid work shirt he
had picked up? I opened his bag and was giddy with excitement!
THANK YOU HEATHER GILLESPIE!! (And whomever Brian knows from Fairfax that
was traveling to Tokyo the same week!) No, Brian did not buy himself pink or
even salmon colored attire. Heather sent us a boat load of hand me downs
previously destined for Dani's Duds. I love you. I love you! So cute. You
are the best, and she got it all together with a adorable four week old baby
keeping her up at night. You rock. Shopping here is either beyond expensive
or Chinatown quality. This is a real blessing. Thanks a million!
Thursday, November 17, 2011
Saturday, November 12, 2011
Friday, November 11, 2011
Derailed - By My Own Darn Self
I had the best of intentions today. Jake was going to watch an hour to hour and a half of kid shows on cable while I caught up on finances. What did I actually do this morning? Got sidetracked on facebook after seeing a note about the Patches visiting us in Singapore. Then I talked with the Patches in Nepal about meeting up with his family on their US State Dept R&R leave. They are doing a tour of S.E. Asia and all the sites are close to us. I'm thinking Angkor Wat the day after the kids get out of school for break. I've always thought if there would be anyone to travel with it would be the Patches. They are always ready for adventure and ALWAYS know about cool things I would have never found out about. I can't wait!!
Then I got messaged by some of my old church youth girls who are away at college and another new Singapore friend called to plan out our Thanksgiving plans so we searched online for all the required dishes and planned who is bringing what.
Jake? He got two good hours of Diego/Dora/Bubble Guppies/Little Bill/Max and Ruby and whatever else came on. I tried to get him to go on a walk together, ride bikes outside with me, play games but he has no interest and I wasn't overly motivated since I had made no progress on my own tasks so I let him be. I still only put in five receipts put into Quicken for the day. Guess he gets twenty more minutes of tube time and then we'll go pick up Maddie – officially ending the so called productive part of my day. What a laugh that is today. Productive. Ha.
Thursday, November 10, 2011
Hey Elevator Lady!
New Twist On B-I-N-G-O
Wednesday, November 9, 2011
Negotiating with a Two Year Old
Jacob is weepy. He needs a nap. We have friends over for the day while their parents are away on holiday and Jacob just came downstairs crying. I asked what the trouble was and he told me, "Maddie says Micah is this many," showing me three fingers.
I replied that he WAS that many.
"NOPE!" He's this many!" showing me two fingers again.
This went on for a bit and I tried to remind him how we had blue cupcakes at Micah's house last week and now he was three. All to no avail. He finally ended by telling me Micah was NOT Ben and Maddie's age and left the room. I think I lost the argument.
Sunday, November 6, 2011
Switching Places
On the way home Ben and Corbin switched places and Tia and Maddie did too. The girls switched as much as they possibly could switch on a car ride - hair bows, clips, sweaters, shoes and glasses. Funny part was that neither Tia nor Corbin could keep the glasses on. I'm sure they gave them headaches after two minutes or less. Of course my kids didn't understand what the problem was. I can't wait for the day they have contact lenses and then try glasses. Then they will totally get it.
Friday, November 4, 2011
Mini Refinery
Time for a Haircut or Dye the Roots
tail and bow in it at Shon's house. Today I noticed how when I do cut it
he's going to really darken up. All the blond must be baby hair because his
roots are much, much darker than the bleached blond hair he used to have.
That makes me sad. Not only do kids look much older once they get their
first cut but he'll no longer be my solo blond kid. Maybe he'll actually
look like my kid now.
Just for kicks I'm waiting to cut it until his birthday in a few weeks.
Seriously, who hits the three year mark and has never had a cut yet? That's
just plain nuts.
I Don't Want to Walk to School Today
Tuesday, November 1, 2011
Sleeping In, Toilet Talk and Foreign Languages
I decided it was better to scrap everything but get dressed, eat and brush teeth and let them rest. We got up twenty minutes later yesterday and no one had reading time because they were dragging too much. They did wake naturally though. I was going to give them thirty minutes but someone got up to use the toilet. They are all sooooo tired still from our trip and to put Halloween on top adds up to a risk situation of potential tears and tantrums at every turn.
It that weird of me to say "use the toilet" instead of "go to the bathroom"? It's one Singapore thing I've picked up on. Makes lift easier here to be sure. What the heck is a restroom anyway? I don't nap and rest there. And bathrooms at the mall? Aren't any bathtubs there to be seen.
In Australia, and I'm pretty sure British people too after having my friend Jenna over last night to trick or treat, say wee or wee-wee instead of pee or tinkle. Translate that for the poor people at South Bend Park in Brisbane. We had eight kids and a merry go round late on a Friday night at the boardwalk park along the river. As they spun round and round and round they would all squeal at the to of their lungs "Wee! Wee! Wee!" over and over and over. The Aussies probably think there were a bunch of crass American kids at the past last weekend. I think it's funny.
Then there were the young twenty something's on their way out clubbing. Dressed to impress this group of six or seven were saying f-this and f-that and f-her and lots more of the same in fine Aussie accents as Maddie and I crossed paths with them along the boardwalk. After they had passed us up Maddie, holding my hand as we walk, looks up in my eyes and says, "Funny how grown ups in Australia always talk in another language here, right?"
I smiled and simply agreed. Between the curse words she had never heard and the accent she had no idea what they were even saying. How can I capture that innocence and hold it forever. Maddie who began as an angel then grew into my biggest challenge for three long years has become one of my sweetest delights again in the last six months. I love being friends again with my sweet girl. She is beautiful. Her smile contagious and freely gives. She is spontaneous and oozing with love to give away. She is wonderful.
And now it's time to wake the beasts.


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This 9-year-old boy may not have any superpowers, but he is a hero to the men and women protecting our communities.
Tyler Carach is a youngster on a mission to give a donut to as many police officers in America as possible.
"Cops have been so grateful about Tyler's visits to their stations. Many have told him that he is a reminder to them of why they do what they do everyday!" Sheena told the Good News Network.
CHECK OUT: Strangers Join Police Officers to Buy 95-Year-old New Air Conditioner
The youth – who has adopted the pseudonym "Donut Boy" – is currently on a 6-week road trip across America to distribute the pastries in American police departments.
Carach originally got the idea for the gesture in August 2016 when he saw several officers in a convenience store. Since he knows from experience that coffee and donuts are a cop's favorite meal—his mom, Sheena Carach, is a former police officer—he decided to use his own allowance money to buy some treats for the folks in blue.
"I asked [my mom] if I could buy them donuts with my own money. I DID and they were so HAPPY!" writes Carach. "When we left I asked my mom why they were so happy and she said cops were having a hard time right now and that sometimes people choose to judge a whole by a few, and its important never to do that!"
RELATED: When Senior Loses Memory at Dinner, Cops Sit Down to be Her Dates
"I decided right then I wanted to cheer them up, so I told my mom I wanted to thank every cop in America and give them each a donut!"
Bearing a donut-emblazoned cape that reads "I DONUT Need A Reason To Thank A Cop", Carach has mostly paid for the pastries by doing chores around his house, or collecting and selling scrap metal with his grandfather. Recently, to ease his financial burden, and spread more sugar, he and his mother Sheena started a crowdfunding campaign to support his mission.
You can keep up with Tyler's travels by following his Facebook page or donating to his GoFundMe.
(WATCH the video below)
Click To Share This Tasty Story With Your Friends (Photos by Sheena Carach)


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Katie Fischer
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Specializing in life on the islands!
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Second generation bee keeping family the Alcocks, tend to hives all around the Yarra Valley. "Everyone wants to help the bees, so we don't have any trouble finding them homes." Lee Alcock tells us. The diversity of flora in the Yarra Valley means the bees can live anywhere and produce a unique and delicious honey.
Lee's Mum, Margaret, was introduced to bee keeping from a friend 10 years ago and it didn't take long for her to fall in love with the ancient craft. It's her son Lee's third season and he admits, "When you become a bee keeper, your viewof the world changes. I'm always looking up at the trees, always looking for flowers or buds forming." Now in it's third season, the honey is packaged and sold under the brand Yarra Valley Honey Company. Learning as they go, the collective is made up of Margaret, Lee, his partner Heather and her brother Doug. The fifth member and third generation bee keeper is Lee and Heather's daughter Evie, just 4-years old but a keen bean!
The Healesville couple host us in their backyard shed, a soon to be converted honey harvesting/storage/tasting/education hub. They tell us of their recent switch to polystyrene bee boxes made in Finland. "They're so much easier to work with. They're lighter and stack nice and tightly." We're lucky to watch part of the harvest on our visit. Lee lifts frames heavy with honeycomb, and breaks the surface with a special comb. After four are done, he places them in an open drum fitted with a tap at the base. The frames are then spun by hand and we watch on in amazement as the honey splits from the frames like a spider's web. It glistens on the inner walls of the drum and eventually runs down to the base to be tapped.
The family operation has 20 boxes dotted around the Yarra Valley, including Yellingbo, Toolangi and Chum Creek. We taste some honey from an olive grove surrounded by tea tree eucalyptus, the amazing flavour has a slight spice and beautiful length. The family are excited to share their produce. We then try some stringy bark and mountain ash honey, again such beautiful flavour. "Raw honey is such an important and healthy product to have in your diet." Heather says. As supermarkets monopolise to large companies with honey from unknown whereabouts and destructive use of pesticides in monoculture agriculture is decimating bee populations, it is imperative that we support local independent beekeepers. More support means more bees, and when their daily ritual of pollination is responsible for the production of two thirds of the worlds food, they need all our support!
Yarra Valley Honey Company aim to double the amount of hives they have within a year. Doubling the production is another story though. "We can put them in a good spot and keep an eye on them, but the rest is out of our hands." Margaret says. Last year's wet spring made this year's harvest quite hard. "Some stocks are down by up to 50%." There's been a noticeable presence of wasps this Summer/Autumn too, suggesting some unbalance in the local ecosystem. "Bee's do fight back though." Lee says with a smile, recalling chase scenes and sites littered with wasp heads.
Bee's are rarely a threat to people but if you ever have a hive set up shop at your home, and they can often pick very inconvenient places like a door way or even on your car! Call a professional bee rescue service to remove and re-establish the hive in an appropriate place.
beerescue.com.au is a good resource local to our area.
The Providore at Meletos proudly stocks raw honey from Yarra Valley Honey Company. Harvest photos kindly supplied by Heather Alcock.


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The Natural Resources Department works to preserve the natural resources that have always provided for the Nimiipuu people.
Cultural Resources Program
The mission of the Cultural Resource Program (CRP) is to promote the understanding and use of nimiipuu'neewit (traditional Nez Perce life-ways) as integral components of Tribal culture and regional management. The CRP fulfills its programmatic purpose by:
- Assisting Tribal Leadership in treaty rights protection
- Documenting traditional and ancestral knowledge
- Integrating nimíipuutimpt within our Tribal community and infrastructure
- Protecting sites, landscapes, and associated knowledge integral to the perpetuation of nimíipu'neewit through meaningful consultation
The Cultural Resource Program consists of 5 major areas that work to fulfill these goals:
- Archaeology/Tribal Historic Preservation Office (THPO)
- Ethnography
- Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA)
- Language preservation
- Hanford Cultural Resources
Contact: Nakia Williamson-Cloud, Cultural Resource Program Director
208-621-3850 | email@example.com
Environmental Restoration and Waste Management (ERWM)
ERWM, the tribe's nuclear waste cleanup program, is involved in cleanup of the Hanford nuclear site, which contaminated many natural resources in the mid-Columbia River area. ERWM works to protect and restore Nez Perce cultural and natural resources in this area.
Projects under ERWM include:
- A database that tracks information about the Hanford site cleanup
- Outreach to educate the public on Hanford issues
- Support for Nez Perce college and high school students in developing careers in the STEM field
- Involvement in the Hanford Natural Resource Damage Assessment
- About the Hanford Site
- Hanford Natural Resource Damage Assessment Fact Sheet (PDF, 1 MB)
- Hanford Natural Resources Trustee Council
- Hanford Natural Resource Damage Assessment
- Guiding Principles for Protection of Natural Resources (PDF, 963 KB)
Contact: Jack Bell
208-621-4710 | firstname.lastname@example.com
Emergency Management
The tribe's first responders to an emergency may include tribal police, the Fire Management Program, the Emergency Operations Center, and the Hazardous Emergency Response Team. The tribe has agreements in place with county, city, and state governments to provide additional medical, law enforcement, and fire response.
The Nez Perce Community Emergency Response Team helps train people to respond to emergencies. Members of this team support first responders and can assist community members if no first responders are present.
Contact: John Wheaton
208-621-3760 | email@example.com
Air Quality Program
Through a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency program, the Nez Perce Tribe oversees burn permits and air quality concerns.
Burn Permit Applications
Land Services Program
To protect natural resources while providing economic opportunity for Indian land owners, the Land Services Program includes:
- Agricultural management
- A Geographic Information Systems Program, which captures and analyzes information about the geography of the tribal lands
- A Bio-Control Center Program, which introduces insects to help reduce noxious weeds
- The Nez Perce Horse Registry
Contact: Kim Cannon
208-621-3721 | firstname.lastname@example.com
Contact the Bio-Control Center: Paul Brusven
208-621-3520 | firstname.lastname@example.com
Forestry and Fire Management
The Nez Perce Reservation contains much forested land, which offers economic opportunities and settings for cultural and recreational activities. The Forestry and Fire Management Division maintains and develops the forests, manages the harvesting of timber, and prevents and responds to fires.
- Forestry: John DeGroot
208-621-4618 | firstname.lastname@example.com
- Fire Management: Jeff Handel
208-621-4670 | email@example.com
Water Resources
Protecting tribal water sources is vital to providing clean drinking water and ensuring safe fishing, swimming, and ceremonial uses. The Water Resources Division manages and protects the waters found on tribal lands.
Contact: Ken Clark
208-843-7368 | email@example.com
- The Nez Perce Tribal Water Utility Board is accepting letters of interest to fill one (1) vacancy on the Utility Board. The applicants must be 18 years of age or older, an enrolled Nez Perce Tribal member, and reside within the Nez Perce Reservation boundaries. Utility Board members shall meet a minimum of once per month to provide guidance to Utility Program staff, develop and implement appropriate rules and regulations, set utility rates, and hear grievances. For more information and how to apply contact Jason Vangen at (208) 843-7368 or email Jason at email@example.com. Open until filled.
Wildlife Program
The purpose of the Wildlife Division is to restore, perpetuate, enhance, and manage the wildlife and rare plant resources of significance to the Nimiipuu. The Wildlife Division consists of 6 major units: 638 Wildlife Management, Precious Lands Management, Clearwater Mitigation Lands Management, Condor Recovery, Rare Plant Conservation, and Integrated Resource Management Planning.
Contact: Neil Thagard
208-621-4676 | email@example.com
- McCall: 208-634-1061


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Welcome to BeFree Barrington!
We are a faith community of ordinary people, experiencing God's extraordinary transforming grace in Jesus Christ. Together we are being revived by faith, renewed by hope, and restored by love as we seek to live out the core teaching of Jesus to love God, love others, and live to help people encounter His good news.
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As the shock from the massacre at Virginia Tech wears off, it appears there were a few calls for more gun control in the wake of the tragedy. Perhaps members of Congress are wary of the voting habits of gun owners. Or perhaps the public, in general, no longer views gun control as the proper response to the latest psycho who opens fire.
Read Original at: American Spectator


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Wedding Wisdom | March 6, 2018
Modern Wedding Etiquette
From over-the-top glamorous affairs to chic DIY events, the Ballroom has hosted a wide variety of parties that have pleased a plethora of palates and budgets. Even though no two events are alike in terms of budget and/or aesthetic, the same wedding etiquette applies to any type of soiree.
Since the Ballroom's employees are constantly faced with tough questions regarding wedding etiquette, they've decided to address some of the most common topics discussed.
Guest List: So, you've selected a venue that comfortably fits 300, but you're so popular that you have 500 people on your guest list. You may want to reconsider so you don't run into any capacity issues the day of the event. Always pick a venue based on your total guest count. Do not apply the 1/3 of the people will not show up rule because you may be in for a surprise. Not sure who to cut? Create a list from scratch and select immediate family members and close friends first. There's no rule that states you have to invite everyone you have come into contact with throughout your life. It's perfectly fine to leave your mailman and 2nd grade teacher off the list.
What happens if you don't plan accordingly: Your venue will not be able to accommodate the extra guests. There will not be enough room or enough tables or chairs set up. Your reception will feel cramped and your guests will not be happy.
Inviting Co-Workers: A lot of brides and grooms ask if inviting co-workers is essential. If you have a close personal relationship with a colleague at work and you have a friendship outside of the office, by all means invite him or her. Be careful though because things can get tricky and people's feelings can be hurt. It's okay to invite your boss or manager, but keep the invites on the down low. Don't make the invite extension water cooler conversation.
What happens if you make your wedding the talk of the office: The more you talk about it, the more people will expect to be invited. When some people get invitations and others don't, expect some animosity to occur. People will feel very hurt, which will make you feel uncomfortable.
Plus One Rule: This gets tricky because some people expect to bring a guest. Even when there's no plus one indicated on the invitation, people still think it's okay to bring someone. For brides and grooms, it's polite to give someone a plus one if they are engaged or seriously dating someone, or if they will be traveling from out of town and won't know anyone else.
What happens if you don't make the plus one rule clear: There have been so many awkward encounters at weddings within the Ballroom where people are assigned a seat and clearly didn't pay attention to the lack of a plus one on the invite. It usually leaves the guest out of a seat and feeling out of place. A lot of venues work with the couples to create a very detailed seating chart and layout. Don't expect a venue to set extra chairs or roll out another table during the event. If it's a plated meal, the guest will likely not get served without a place card.
Wedding Party Inclusion: The Ballroom has seen a lot of large wedding parties, but the largest has to be the one with over 30 people. Basically, there were 15 bridesmaids and 15 groomsmen. There comes a point in time when head tables can only be so big. It's okay to cut people and just stick with your siblings, cousins or very close friends. You don't need to extend a bridesmaid invite to your entire sorority.
What happens if your bridal party is too large: Your venue might have certain restrictions in place on how many people can sit at a head table. You will also run into a lot of different opinions on bridesmaid dresses and tux rentals. The less people; the less hassle.
Food Allergy Overload: From a catering standpoint, it seems that everyone is allergic to something from dairy to eggs to black pepper. While some people are truly allergic to mushrooms or tomatoes, others simply have an aversion to these food groups. Unless someone is truly allergic to something, do not accommodate their food requests. Obviously, vegetarians, vegans, and other dietary restrictions can and should be honored, but guests shouldn't push the envelope with their requests. One example is a guest who noted on their reply card that they were on a diet and wanted a healthy salad instead of the meal selected by the bride and groom. Not happening!
What happens if everyone writes an allergy on their reply card: Hopefully, you'll know your guests well enough to know if it's a true allergy. If you have your doubts or someone is being really picky and it seems a bit over the top, contact them and explain that the menu is set. Most people should understand this and will plan to eat at home prior to arriving.
Got a question for us? Let us know by leaving a comment.
Stay tuned for more wedding etiquette advice! Happy planning!


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Two teenage boys were arrested on Friday and charged with assaulting a Muslim man in the Bronx last week while shouting "Isis! Isis!," the police said.
The boys, 14 and 15, face a variety of charges, including assault as a hate crime, harassment as a hate crime and acting in a manner injurious to a child, the police said. At the time the victim was assaulted, his 9-year-old niece was with him.
On Jan. 15, the boys punched the man, pushed him to the ground and kicked him, bruising his face and giving him a black eye, the police said.
Luis Sepúlveda, a state assemblyman from the Bronx, identified the victim as Mujibir Rahman.
Mr. Rahman was wearing a shalwar kameez, a traditional South Asian garment, at the time of the assault, and had just picked up his niece from school in the Parkchester neighborhood of the Bronx.
In a statement on Friday night, Mr. Sepúlveda, a Democrat, said that the girl was unhurt but that witnessing the attack had left her "emotionally traumatized."
Mr. Sepúlveda said he was happy that an arrest had been made, but also disturbed at the ages of the alleged assailants.
"It's a sad day in our society when teenagers attack people because of their religious belief," he said in a statement. "I hope that their parents impress upon them the seriousness of what they did and that they demonstrate remorse."


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a justin bieber birthdayAugust 2, 2011
Thank you all so much for your sweet birthday wishes yesterday! I'm sure my 21st birthday was just a little bit tamer than most!
A big pancake breakfast with my family. Relaxing outside in the warm weather while reading Bethenny Frankel's A Place of Yes. My eighth to last MBA class ever. A Justin Bieber-themed birthday, clad with these amazing party decorations:
And the highlight?
The THREE-HOUR finale of The Bachelorette! And she picked my guy! Yay!!!
Sounds pretty wild, huh?
Because I don't drink – and have never had a sip of alcohol in my life (never will!) – this birthday wasn't as big of a deal to me as it might be to most. I'm a little bit of a goody two shoes, and I have no plans to change! I've actually never even been to a traditional party. My version of a party is a group of girls getting manis/pedis and watching The Notebook with a few pounds of See's candies.
My only experience in a bar atmosphere was in Hong Kong over my study abroad class this January…and my experience was so scarring that I ended up taking a taxi back to the hotel almost immediately (with two fellow MBAs in the back seat, extremely drunk, and all over each other) as I attempted to direct the Chinese taxi driver to our hotel. He couldn't speak a word of English. I made it back to the hotel, put on my sweats, and had a blast dancing around the room to Britney Spears by myself. That's me for you!
This birthday was no different – with my Britney Spears music, Justin Bieber birthday plates, and a big slab of cheesecake, it was the perfect 21st birthday and reflects exactly who I am.
Thank you all SO much for the birthday wishes!
XO Star
39 Responses to a justin bieber birthday
I love Justin Beiber! What a fun birthday! You definitely do not need alcohol to have fun and good for you for making a personal choice not to drink…much better for your body and skin in the long run anyway 🙂 A mani/pedi party with pounds of chocolate sounds like a blast to me too!
That sounds like my kind of birthday Star! Manis, pedis, candy, cheesecake, Justin Beiber! Screech Maybe not Justin! LOL
I think it takes a special person not to follow the crowd and be an individual. You're to be admired for that. I didn't follow the crowd but decided that drinking was a lot of fun but now, that I'm older, I don't think so much.
(Wait till you get to my age and then it is definitely just another number! Enjoy all those '20' years as they will fly by. Would love to send you a little card but respect your privacy if you don't want to share your address.)
Anne xx
Star, you are such a beautiful example of what girls should be like. Good for you! I enjoy every single one of your posts and this one made me smile wide.
Star, you have such a great head on your shoulders!!! It is amazing! Your birthday sounds wonderful. My birthdays would be considered tame as would me and my friends but we have more fun than the hard core party people and we stay safe and don't harm ourselves in the process! You don't drugs or alcohol to have fun!
I'm a Britney fan too! (Three concerts and the t-shirts to prove it!) Do you agree that "Femme Fatale" isn't as good as "Circus"?!
Happy Birthday Star! With the maturity in your writing I would have never guessed you were just 21! That's a compliment by the way:) Your Justin party looked awesome.
that sounds PERFECT to me. I have been to many a bar, and they just don't quite suit my fancy. It is where friends like to go, but my idea of the best Happy Hour is 4 p.m. at Extraordinary Desserts! I always say that my version of alcohol is dessert!
And I had to crack up at the discription of the taxi ride… I was with you remember, haha!
happy belated birthday star, i'm happy to hear you had a great birthday! cheesecake is a great way to celebrate a birthday!
Ekkkkkkk, I missed your B'day, sooo sorry. Cheesecake wishes my dear. I'm too old to be a Justin Beiber fan. I'm just saying.
Lisa x
YAY for jp! 🙂 sounds like a great birthday to me 🙂
Manis/pedis and watching The Notebook…. oh sounds so lovely. That is my kind of night too!!
Ahh, I hate that I missed your birthday! Happy 21!!! But I'm so glad to hear that you had a great day. The Bachelorette was pretty great, wasn't it? Yay for JP! 🙂
happy belated birthday girl!!! you and i would get along really well. i've never really been to a real party before either! i'd much rather hang around with my friends completely sober. it's more fun that way! 🙂
Star, this is so great! It sounds like you had a wonderful birthday. I love that you are so comfortable with yourself & your decisions. You're an inspiration!
lol about the Bachlorette! Hope you had a great time watching it! and JB is now a year older, good for Selena Gomez haha!
how adorable you are!:) I feel old just reading you and I'm not even that old! Happy birthday and have many many more happier birthdays filled with music and mani-pedis.
Happy belated birthday! I think you celebrated it just right. So many people don't even remember their 21st birthday because they partied too hard… Way to go, not drinking! I'm with you there!
Sounds like a good party! I'm not much of a "partier" either so I agree with your idea of a good party!
Hi sweet Star, you went and had a birthday and I didn't even know. I wish you a happy year full of lots of goodness. Your birthday is exactly the way I love to spend mine too and the drinking thing, I totally get it. I've never been a drinker and I still get people asking me why. I love being able to be me and not be a crowd follower. You're waaaay younger than me so I'm proud of you being able to be so young and be who you are. LOVE IT!
Biebe's Bday! how cute is that!?
Happy happy birthday my friend! then your present was greatly timed! lol! You sound like you had a wonderful day Im sure! 😉 Stay true to You! sweet Star! Drinking is way over rated!~:) love ya girly! Im in for a notebook+see's night in!
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ETHNONYMS: The designation "Tetum"technically denotes an Austronesian language spoken on Timor, one of the Lesser Sunda Islands in the eastern part of the East Indian archipelago. The word has come to be used by anthropologists and other researchers to refer to those whose indigenous language it is. It does not, however, seem to be employed everywhere as a self-referencing term by Tetum speakers, whose institutions differ significantly within the linguistic population. In some regions of Timor the ethnonym by which people refer to themselves is fehan, a term that includes among its referents "lowland dweller" and "civilized people," though many Tetum-speaking peoples live in a mountainous habitat. The Atoni, the numerically dominant ethnic population in the western half of Timor, refer to them as belu or belo, a Tetum term meaning "friend," and this is the name generally applied by non-Tetum speakers in western Timor, which until 1949 was a Dutch colony, in contrast to eastern Timor, which was Portuguese. Today West Timor is part of the Republic of Indonesia. Until the year 2002, when it will probably become an independent nation-state, East Timor will be under the jurisdiction of the United Nations.
The word "Tetum" may be pronounced with or without a nasalized termination, and so it is often rendered as "Tetun" (or Tettun) or Tetu (or Teto). The Portuguese language renders the word as Tetum, a usage that appears to have won favor with the new political leaders of East Timor.
Recent field research in East Timor has not been possible for political reasons. Therefore, this article describes the ethnographic particulars of the Tetum for the most part as they existed in the period 1966–1975. Long-established practices have undoubtedly changed, however, as a result of Indonesian actions.
Identification and Location. From the mid-1970s, when the Indonesian army of occupation began a policy of compulsory resettlement, until September 1999, when the militias forced more than a hundred thousand villagers to leave East Timor and become refugees in West Timor, the ethnic geography has presented a confusing picture. As of the year 2000 it was not possible to delineate with any certainty the ethnolinguistic map of East Timor. In 1975, however, the Tetum-speaking population occupied two spatially separate regions, which for convenience have been referred to as "Western Tetum" and "Eastern Tetum." These are geographic designations; institutional features of social life may vary radically according to locality.
In West Timor the Western Tetum occupy most of the Belu kabupaten, with the exception of the Kamaknen kecamatan, that is, the kecamatan of Malaka Barat, Melaka Tengah, Melaka Timur, Tasifeto Barat, and Tasifeto Timur. They further extend along the northern coast into East Timor, stopping just north of the Balibo district, where they abut another ethnolinguistic group, the Ema. On the southern coast too they overlap the international frontier, occupying the districts of Fatu Mean, Fohorem, and Suai. To the north this Tetum region is separated from that of another ethnolinguistic group, the Mambai, by the River Lulik, while in the west the boundary between the Tetum and yet another ethnolinguistic group, the Bunaq, is roughly coterminous with that between the districts of Cova Lima and Bobonaro. The Western Tetum are separated from the Eastern Tetum by the Mambai ethnolinguistic group in the Suro regency. Included within the Eastern Tetum region are the areas of western Alas, Fatuberliu, and Barique; the southern parts of the Laclubar and Lacluta areas; and the western part of the Viqueque district. The eastern limit of the Eastern Tetum is roughly demarcated by the River Cuha, with Caraubalo being the easternmost Tetum suku on Timor. Less than a mile, across the River Cuha in Caraubalo, the territory of another ethnolinguistic population, the Makassai, begins.
Demography. Before 1970 the total population of Tetum speakers probably numbered more than two hundred thousand, but as a result of the demographic ravages inflicted by the Indonesian occupation, it is not possible to provide reliable statistics for the beginning of the twenty-first century.
Linguistic Affiliation. The term Tetum Terik is applied to the language as it is spoken in the two regions, although there are dialectal variations within each region. This is Tetum los, or "correct Tetum," in contrast to Tetum Praça, a hybrid mix of Tetum and Portuguese that is spoken in the capital, Dili, and throughout most of East Timor except for the eastern end of the island.
History and Cultural Relations
Insufficient information exists to state with certainty the archaeological and historical sequence before the arrival of the first Europeans at the beginning of the sixteenth century, the Portuguese. Oral tradition describes a great journey made from the mainland of Southeast Asia to the Wehali region of West Timor, from which area the Tetum population dispersed, but some linguistic evidence may point to an origin in Sulawesi. This dispersion from Wehali eventually resulted in settlements in the Cuha River area, but it is not known when this occurred or what relations with neighboring populations may have provoked those movements.
The pattern of settlement varies with the nature of the local terrain. Perhaps the most typical (before the Indonesian resettlement policy) form of settlement was that of the knua, or hamlet, a collection of houses (uma) grouped around an open plaza. The Indonesian resettlement policy involved the compulsory establishment—in certain areas—of families in concentrated encampments along main roads that gave the military convenient access to the local populations. These compulsory dispersals virtually emptied the uplands of thousands of people.
Subsistence. Corn is the staple crop, grown under dry farming methods in gardens (to'os). Rice, which also is grown in dry gardens, is the second most important cereal, but in some regions wet rice, cultivated on flat alluvial plains or on hill terraces, makes a vital contribution to subsistence. Root crops, such as yams and potatoes, and a variety of green leafy vegetables supplement the diet. Pigs are a ubiquitous source of animal protein, as are buffalo. Goats and chickens are raised everywhere. Agriculture is directly influenced by the monsoons, with the western half of the island generally being drier than the east. Approximately from November through May the rainy season dominates the landscape, and from June through October the dry season governs the annual cycle of economic and social activities.
Commercial Activities. For the most part, in the rural areas commercial activities play a relatively small role in the economy.
Industrial Arts. The main handicrafts are weaving, ceramics, basketry, mat making, and metalworking.
Trade. In the Portuguese period markets flourished in most administrative centers in East Timor, with women over-whelmingly being the sellers of the agricultural produce their families grew. Until at least the late 1960s barter was used among the Timorese.
Division of Labor. Both sexes work in the gardens, with men responsible for the heavy labor of making fences. Men are also the house builders and metalworkers. Women carry out domestic duties, including fetching water and cleaning clothes, and are the potters and weavers.
Land Tenure. Land is owned by local descent groups whose rights are vested in clans whose claims are sanctioned in myths. Families within the landowning descent group have the right to cultivate any land not worked by other families. Many families, however, cultivate land owned by other descent groups, in which case they have the status of tenants.
Kin Groups and Descent. Throughout most of the Tetum-speaking regions a system of matrilineal descent and matrilocality prevails. One of several exceptions is the area immediately west of the Cuha, where the regime is one of patrilineal descent with postmarital residence in or near the husband's father's household. In the northern part of the West Tetum region a child belongs to its mother's descent group (uma) from birth. If the child's father's descent group (the child's father's mother's uma) delivers the bulk of the bride-price for the child's mother, the child becomes a member of its father's mother's uma and the child's mother resides in the locality of the father's uma. Even in this case the child's mother's brother must help the child financially, and when the child is older, he has the right to cultivate some of his mother's brother's land. At the highest level of segmentation descent groups are named and totemic and would conventionally be designated as clans. Each has its own myth of origin and self-defining customs. Rights and duties of various social, economic, and political importance are ascribed to each segmentary unit, from the clan down to the minimal lineage group.
Kinship Terminology. Lineal terminologies are virtually universal, but whereas they are nonprescriptive in the Cuha and Wehali areas, elsewhere they are mainly prescriptive, as is the case among the northern peoples in the West Tetum region, who employ a two-section system.
Marriage and Family
Marriage. Asymmetric alliance is a defining trait of Timorese social organization and, when incorporated into a matrilineal/matrilocal regime, confers some distinction on the Tetum-speaking population since this particular coordination of affinity and kinship regime is rare. The alliance groups are normally lineages or sublineages, typically of the same rank. Among the northern and central Tetum, the wife-taking group is called the fetosawa and the wife-giving group is called the umamane. Each category of group has a varying number of affinal partners with whom its alliance (fetosawa-umamane) typically endures for generations. In at least two regions asymmetric alliance is not practiced. One is among the patrilineal/patrilocal peoples immediately west of the Cuha; the other is among the matrilineal/matrilocal populations of the Wehali area, in West Timor. Several forms of marriage coexist with asymmetric alliance and have differing socioeconomic entailments. Bride-wealth is typically a factor determining which mode of marriage is contracted. In the fetosawa-umamane bride-wealth includes symbolically masculine gifts consisting of buffalo, horses, golden disks, silver disks, and money. This set is countered by "feminine gifts" of pigs, cloth, domestic artifacts, and the person of the bride. Gifts of the same "masculine" and "feminine" nature are exchanged between wife givers and wife takers on occasions when they conjointly celebrate rites of passage.
Domestic Unit. The household consists of the father, the mother, unmarried children, and quite often various relatives, who may include widowed parents, unmarried sisters of the parents, and sons-in-law.
Inheritance. Relative age plays a part in inheritance. Elder children tend to take precedence over younger siblings, with the youngest sibling's portion being the smallest.
Socialization. Mothers undertake a more constant nurturing role in the upbringing of children than do fathers. Older female siblings share this task with their mothers. Discipline is the responsibility of both parents.
Sociopolitical Organization
Social Organization. The ranking system, which is defined by rights and duties and is administered through the system of descent, consists of four ranks. At the top of the hierarchy is the rank of royalty. Immediately below royalty are the aristocrats, then commoners, and at the bottom of the hierarchy individuals descended from slaves. In the 1960s this system of ranking was still integrated into the political organization.
Political Organization. Interference by the Indonesian and Portuguese administrations greatly distorted and weakened the viability of traditional Timorese polities. The political organization in East Timor thus illustrates the syncretic structure of both alien and indigenous political systems. For administrative convenience the Portuguese colonial government amalgamated the knua into nonindigenous units called povoação (villages). A number of these villages formed a suku (also known as fukun), or princedom, based on an indigenous unit of the same name. A number of suku formed a posto (post), another Portuguese innovation but one that at times corresponded to a defunct indigenous unit known as the reino (kingdom). A number of postos formed a concelho (regency), ten of which in 1966 constituted the Province of Portuguese Timor, as East Timor was then called.
Social Control. The head of each of these units reported to the head of the unit immediately above it, with the exception of the governor of Timor, who reported to the government in Lisbon. Only at the levels of knua and suku were there indigenous heads. Leadership of the knua rested in the hands of an older man (katuas) who had the respect of its members. The level of the suku, until 1976 at least, epitomized the syncretic character of the political structure. The Portuguese administration had created an office formally designated chefe de suku or "suku chief" to administer the suku, and the incumbent—invariably a Timorese—would report to the official in charge of the posto, the chefe de posto. The more traditional designation, liurai, was also employed as a honorific alternative to chefe de posto, but this usage was a misnomer. More correctly, the term liurai (raja in West Timor) identified the "king," a position absent for many decades from Timorese polities. Independently of the office of chefe de suku was a system of governance that in its dual structure was characteristically Timorese, since it consisted of a pair of rulers whose titles could vary from locality to locality. In the suku of Caraubalo, in Viqueque Concelho, the actual titles were makair fukun and dato wain. Although the incumbents of both offices were male, their symbolic connotations were distinguished by gender, with the former being associated with masculine qualities and the latter with female qualities. Both officials, even in the early 1970s, continued—with help from an informal council of elders (katuas)—to influence the course of life at the level of the suku. Liurais, in the past and to a large extent in the late 1960s, were of the royal rank, but in general incumbency in any of the other political offices was open to men of any rank except the descendants of slaves.
Conflict Under the Portuguese administration conflicts not involving homicide between members of the same segment of a descent group were resolved by the head of that segment with the assistance of elders. Conflicts between members of different descent groups within the same suku were resolved by either the traditional pair of suku heads or by the chefe de suku. When a conflict involved members of different sukus, the chefe de posto would resolve the issue. Homicides were dealt with by the administrator of the concelho. Under the Indonesian regime the extent to which descent groups and sukus had the authority to enforce traditional customs is unclear, but Indonesian control was considerably more intrusive than that of the European predecessors; in the case of resettlements, for example, no resistance by the Timorese was tolerated.
Religion and Expressive Culture
Religious Beliefs. In sharp contrast to the diverse systems of descent and affinity, belief and ritual among the different Tetum populations have more similarities than differences. Tetum people in most areas refer to a celestial masculine deity called maromak, but he does not figure prominently in their rituals, at least not among the eastern population. Less clearly defined in some localities is a female deity who is identified with the earth. These deities are contrasted in complementary fashion as father sky and mother earth. Other spiritual agencies include the souls of the recently deceased, ancestral ghosts, and several categories of nature spirits. Souls of the recently deceased are klamar maté, and are entirely malevolent. The injury they can impose on the kin of the dead person is affected by rituals, mostly taboos, including prohibition of remarriage by the widowed person within a specified period. More ambivalent are ancestral ghosts (maté bian ), who appear to human beings in their hamlets. These were once klamar maté, though when and in what manner the transformation occurs is not known. Ghosts exercise a powerful influence on their living kin that may be malignant or beneficial. In principle, beneficence is characteristically attributed to their behavior, which most typically confers health and fertility. To acquire these life-sustaining qualities kin carry out rituals of sacrifice and observe food taboos. The neglect of these prescriptions and prohibitions invites punitive sanctions, as do other faults, whether of omission or commission.
The various categories of nature spirits can be classified into fertility spirits and locality spirits. Fertility spirits are known by the generic term klamar, and there are distinct sub-categories of spirits that control the fertility of plants and livestock. Locality spirits, or rai nain ("lords of the land") and w'e na'in ("lords of the water"), display the same ambivalent behavior toward human beings characteristic of ghosts. They may confer blessings such as wealth, fertility, and agreeable sex on individuals (male or female) who attract their attention, or they may contrive to bring death to the hapless. Superficially, the effect of their intrusion into human affairs may appear to resemble that of ghosts, but the advent of locality spirits, who are associated with the wilderness rather than the hamlet, derives from their whims, according to which they may bless or curse. Unlike ancestral ghosts or nature spirits, locality spirits are central figures in many fabulous stories (aiknananoik).
Another category of spirit is the buan, a term that might be best translated as "witch" since it refers to a living entity that is partly human and partly spirit and as such is as much at home in the hamlet as it is in the forest. Malevolent by nature, it offers no benefits to the people it bewitches. There is also a spirit responsible for ensuring a supply of rain, but in localities where rituals are performed to it this spirit seems to be a manifestation of a prominent ancestral ghost rather than a distinct class of elemental.
Religious Practitioners. Descent groups have certain individuals who tend to take the lead when ceremonies such as rainmaking are performed, and some communities have shamanic figures (matan do'ok) whose functions include curing and divination.
Ceremonies. Although details vary from region to region, in addition to the rituals mentioned above, communities in many regions perform rites of passage at birth, marriage, and death.
Arts. The favorite form of artistic expression in which both sexes indulge is dancing, of which there are several stylized categories. Storytelling was very popular before the expansion of literacy.
Medicine. Various plants were formerly used as cures, and betel spittle was a ubiquitous treatment for a variety of ailments.
Death and Afterlife. Beliefs in an afterlife are vague, but some individuals say that at death the souls of the dead start a process of migration to the underworld. After they are established there, they eventually become ancestral ghosts.
For other cultures in Indonesia, see List of Cultures by Country in Volume 10 and under specific culture names in Volume 5, East and Southeast Asia.
Hicks, David (1976, rev. ed. 1988). Tetum Ghosts and Kin. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, Inc.
—— (1984). A Maternal Religion: The Role of Women in Tetum Myth and Ritual. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Center for Southeast Asian Studies.
The label "Tetum" (Belu, Teto, Tetun) refers to the more than 300,000 speakers of the Tetum language on the island of Timor in Indonesia. The people call themselves "Tetum" or "Tetun," and are referred to as "Belu" by the neighboring Atoni. The traditional Tetum territory is located in south-central Timor. While the Tetum are often described as a single culture, there are numerous subgroups that differ in some ways from each other. One classification scheme differentiated among the Eastern, Southern, and Northern Tetum, with the last two sometimes lumped as the Western Tetum. Tetum is an Austronesian language and either the primary language or the second "official" language in south-central Timor.
The Tetum are swidden fanners; the main crop varies according to location. The people of the hills cultivate rice and breed buffalo, the latter being consumed only during major rituals. The people of the coastal plains cultivate maize and breed pigs that are eaten regularly. Each household maintains its own garden and raises chickens to supplement the diet. There is little hunting and fishing. A weekly market provides a social meeting place and allows the people to trade produce and wares. The Tetum traditionally make iron tools, textiles, rope, baskets, containers, and mats. They express themselves artistically through carving, weaving, engraving, and dyeing cloth.
Groups in the east generally have patrilineal descent, whereas matrilineal descent is the norm among those in the west. Although lineages are localized, the members of a given phratry or clan are dispersed among a number of villages. Tetum have a variety of marital arrangements, including bride-price, bride-service, marriage to form alliances, and concubinage. Traditionally there were four social classes: royalty, aristocrats, commoners, and slaves. Political organization centered on princedoms, which formed kingdoms. Catholicism has become the primary religion, although traditional beliefs and ceremonies survive.
See also Atoni
Hicks, David (1972). "Eastern Tetum." In Ethnic Groups of Insular Southeast Asia, edited by Frank M. LeBar. Vol. 1, Indonesia, Andaman Islands, and Madagascar, 98-103. New Haven: HRAF Press.


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Three one-act plays, three nights only
PLU's chapter of Alpha Psi Omega, the national theatre honor society, presents its annual One-Act Festival from Thursday, January 23 through Saturday, January 25 at 7:30pm in the Studio Theater of the Karen Hille Phillips Center for the Performing Arts.
This year's show, titled "Gone Mad, Will Return", explores many styles of theatre with Naomi in the Living Room by Christopher Durang, directed by Jessi Marlow '16, Hamletmachine by Heiner Müller, directed by Amelia Heath '15, and [This Space Intentionally Left Blank] to be written by the cast and crew of [This Space Intentionally Left Blank], directed by David Gordon '14.
The students are challenged with this quick turnaround production – they audition, rehearse, open and close in about two and a half weeks.
"Two and a half weeks is a very short rehearsal period, and these are very challenging shows. But pressure makes diamonds," David Gordon, Director of [This Space Intentionally Left Blank], says.
Tickets are available at the door. Tickets are $5 general admission and $3 for PLU students. Thursday, January 23 is a student preview, students (non-PLU included) get in free with Student ID.


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Self-Guided Tours
Built in 1873 to display the art collection of founder Horace Fairbanks (1820-1888), the St. Johnsbury Athenaeum's Art Gallery lays claim to being the oldest gallery in American still in its original form. Thanks in part to an extensive historic restoration project completed in 2003, the Art Gallery offers an outstanding opportunity to experience an American art collection as it would have been seen during the nineteenth century.
The following tours will help you explore the Art Gallery and take in the full scope of the art featured here. You can find these tours in the back of Mark Mitchell's St. Johnsbury Athenaeum: A Handbook to the Gallery Collection as well.


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Mark 10 International Standard Version (ISV)
Teaching about Divorce
10 Then Jesus[a] left that place and went into the territory of Judea on the other side[b] of the Jordan. Crowds gathered around him as usual, and he began to teach them again as was his custom. 2 Some Pharisees came to test him. They asked, "Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife?"
3 "What did Moses command you?" he responded.
4 They said, "Moses allowed a man to write a certificate of divorce and to divorce her."[c]
5 But Jesus told them, "It was because of your hardness of heart that he wrote this command for you. 6 But from the beginning of creation, 'God[d] made them male and female.'[e] 7 That's why 'a man will leave his father and mother and be united with his wife, 8 and the two will become one flesh.'[f] So they're no longer two, but one flesh. 9 Therefore, what God has joined together, man must never separate."
10 Back in the house, the disciples asked him about this again. 11 So he told them, "Whoever divorces his wife and marries another woman commits adultery against her. 12 And if a woman[g] divorces her husband and marries another man, she commits adultery."
Jesus Blesses the Little Children
13 Some people[h] were bringing little children to Jesus[i] to have him touch them. But the disciples rebuked those who brought[j] them. 14 When Jesus saw this, he became furious and told them, "Let the little children come to me, and stop keeping them away, because the kingdom of God belongs to people like these. 15 I tell all of you[k] with certainty, whoever doesn't receive the kingdom of God as a little child will never enter it." 16 Then after he had hugged the children,[l] he tenderly blessed them as he laid his hands on them.
A Rich Man Comes to Jesus
17 As Jesus[m] was setting out again,[n] a man ran up to him, knelt down in front of him, and asked him, "Good Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?"
18 "Why do you call me good?" Jesus asked him. "Nobody is good except for one—God. 19 You know the commandments: 'Never murder.'[o] 'Never commit adultery.'[p] 'Never steal.'[q] 'Never give false testimony.'[r] 'Never cheat.' 'Honor your father and mother.'"[s]
20 The man[t] replied to him, "Teacher, I have obeyed all of these since I was a young man."
21 Jesus looked at him and loved him. Then he told him, "You're missing one thing. Go and sell everything you own, give the money[u] to the destitute, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come back and follow me." 22 Shocked at this statement, the man[v] went away sad, because he had many possessions.
Salvation and Reward
23 Then Jesus looked around and told his disciples, "How hard it will be for those who are wealthy to enter the kingdom of God!" 24 The disciples were startled by these words, but Jesus told them again, "Children, how hard it is for those who trust in their wealth[w] to get into the kingdom of God! 25 It's easier for a camel to squeeze through the eye of a needle than for a rich person to get into the kingdom of God."
26 The disciples[x] were utterly amazed and asked one another,[y] "Then who can be saved?"
27 Jesus looked at them intently and said, "For humans it's impossible, but not for God. All things are possible for God."
28 Then Peter began to say to him, "See, we have left everything and followed you." 29 Jesus said, "I tell all of you[z] with certainty, there is no one who has left his home, brothers, sisters, mother, father, children, or fields because of me and the gospel 30 who will not receive a hundred times as much here in this world—homes, brothers, sisters, mothers, children, and fields, along with persecution—as well as eternal life in the age to come. 31 But many who are first will be last, and the last will be first."
32 Now Jesus and his disciples[aa] had been on the road going up to Jerusalem, with Jesus walking ahead of them. They were astonished, and the others who followed were afraid.
Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection a Third Time
Once again, Jesus[ab] took the Twelve aside and began to tell them what was going to happen to him. 33 "Pay attention! We're going up to Jerusalem. The Son of Man will be handed over to the high priests and the scribes, and they'll condemn him to death. Then they'll hand him over to the unbelievers,[ac] 34 and they'll make fun of him, spit on him, whip him, and kill him. But after three days he'll be raised."
The Request of James and John
35 James and John, the sons of Zebedee, went to Jesus[ad] and told him, "Teacher, we want you to do for us whatever we ask you."
36 He asked them, "What do you want me to do for you?"
37 They asked him, "Let us sit in your glory, one on your right and one on your left."
38 But Jesus told them, "You don't realize what you're asking. Can you drink from the cup that I'm going to drink from or be baptized with the baptism with which I'm going to be baptized?"
39 They told him, "We can."
Jesus told them, "You will drink from the cup that I'm going to drink and be baptized with the baptism with which I'm going to be baptized. 40 But it's not up to me to grant you a seat at my right or my left. Those positions have already been prepared for others."
41 When the ten other disciples[ae] heard this, they began to be furious with James and John. 42 Jesus called his disciples[af] and told them, "You know that those who are recognized as rulers among the unbelievers[ag] lord it over them, and their superiors act like tyrants over them. 43 That's not the way it should be among you. Instead, whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant, 44 and whoever wants to be first among you must be a slave to everyone, 45 because even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve and to give his life as a ransom for many people."
Jesus Heals Blind Bartimaeus
46 Then they came to Jericho. As Jesus,[ah] his disciples, and a large crowd were leaving Jericho, a blind beggar named Bartimaeus (that is, the son of Timaeus) was sitting by the road. 47 When he heard that Jesus of Nazareth was there, he began to shout, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!" 48 Many people sternly told him to be quiet, but he started shouting even louder, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"
49 So Jesus stopped and said, "Call him!"
So they called the blind man and told him, "Have courage! Get up. He's calling you." 50 He threw off his coat, jumped up, and went to Jesus.
51 Then Jesus asked him, "What do you want me to do for you?"
The blind man told him, "Rabbouni,[ai] I want to see again."
52 Jesus told him, "Go. Your faith has made you well." At once the man[aj] could see again, and he began to follow Jesus[ak] down the road.
International Standard Version (ISV)
Copyright © 1995-2014 by ISV Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INTERNATIONALLY. Used by permission of Davidson Press, LLC.
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South Indian Actress Trisha was spotted at the launch function of Erum Ali's EA – the first Bridal Lounge in the city – at her store situated in upmarket Khader Nawaz Khan Road.
An Ultimate Entertainment Hub
South Indian Actress Trisha was spotted at the launch function of Erum Ali's EA – the first Bridal Lounge in the city – at her store situated in upmarket Khader Nawaz Khan Road.
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Total number of people read this article: 345
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Actress Trisha personal photo album
Trisha goes to Bollywood
Kollywood actress Trisha Krishnan sizzles in transparent dress
Trisha says 'NO' to Vishnuvardhan's proposal
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Trisha Krishnan HOT PHOTO SESSION
Trisha to double-act in Priyadarshan's film
Sahjad Fakira saysSeptember 11, 2011 at 5:24 pm
She is cho hotttt….
DG Rohit Sorthiya saysDecember 27, 2012 at 1:53 pm
i lik u
Aishwarya Sam saysJune 8, 2013 at 7:37 pm
Actress's Sex Work In Two States!!!
It is becoming more or less of a trend now that all those heroines who have reached the end of their careers and are not sure of finding more juicy projects are getting into the woman oriented films. While they claim this to be a challenging role bringing out the actress in them, the fact is something elese.
One starlet fitting in that bill is Shriya Saran. Soon, this former top league heroine will be seen in the new movie 'Pavithra' which has been directed by Janardhan Maharshi. It is heard that Shriya will be seen in the role of a prostitute and essaying the title role. Sources say the film is releasing in Tamil as well.
And the Tamil version has got an interesting title. It goes 'Peru Mattumdaan Pavithra' meaning only the name is Pavithra. Shriya is super confident this will bring her back into focus and the makers are reportedly planning for a simultaneous release in both languages. We have to see how 'Pavithra' will shake the box office.
Dear SouthDreamz.com viewers, If you have anything like shooting spot pictures, your own celebrity wallpapers or movie posters, and any interesting Tamil cinema news and gossips etc., Kindly send us to [email protected] with subject 'Entertainment - < Name and Title of the news or posters>'.


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Call (910) 323-3500 or Contact us here for more information
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Nijar, Guirdial Singh. 2011. "The Nagoya Protocol on access and benefit sharing of genetic resources: analysis and implementation options for developing countries." In Research Papers: South Center.
Please cite as:Data from Ronald B. Mitchell. 2002-2019. International Environmental Agreements Database Project (Version 2018.1).Available at: http://iea.uoregon.edu/Date accessed: 20 November 2019Version Release Notes
Developed with support from: National Science FoundationUniversity of Oregon Envl Studies ProgramUniversity of Oregon Summer Research AwardAm. Phil. Society


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UNDER NO circumstances should William "Boone" Darden, the former police chief of Riviera Beach who was convicted of accepting bribes, be given an early release from a federal prison.
Darden, 58, abused the power of his office and does not deserve leniency.
The former police chief was convicted in July 1984 of accepting $4,200 in bribes to protect an illegal gambling house and sentenced to a term of six years in prison.
Under normal procedures, Darden would have to serve at least two years of his sentence before being allowed to go free on parole, and that certainly is the minimum time he should serve.
But Darden, who was ordered to prison in December after a federal appeals court refused to reconsider an appeal of his conviction, wants out now. He particularly wants out of the federal prison at Lexington, Ky., which his attorney calls a "hell hole."
If not set free, Darden wants to be sent to the federal prison at Eglin Air Force Base near Fort Walton Beach in the Florida Panhandle.
Darden's attorney, Fletcher Baldwin Jr., a University of Florida law professor, asked U.S. District Judge C. Clyde Atkins to either reduce Darden's sentence to time served or to allow Darden to be considered for parole immediately.
Federal prosecutor Peter B. Outerbridge, however, put Darden's plea for leniency into proper perspective. Said Outerbridge: The evidence "overwhelmingly established" that Darden "repeatedly and flagrantly committed the most significant offense that a public official can commit while within the scope of official duties."
As an officer sworn to uphold the law, Darden violated a sacred trust, and that cannot be treated lightly.


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I recently read a blog post and it hit home. You can read it here and really, you should read it. It made me think about the assumptions I make about other people and the ones they make about me.
What signs am I missing about things going on in their lives? What are the things I'm misunderstanding or taking offense about that I should be over looking because deep inside they are struggling? Wouldn't it be great if we could all be honest and walk around with signs around our necks that explain our worries and thoughts? Signs that could just lay it all out there, "hey, I'm struggling - please handle me with care."
As we switch over to 2011 we are all faced with the opportunity to change and improve. That's what my goal continues to be. I'm trying to be more honest with myself about realities, life in general, family expectations, and - here's the big one - my faults. I most certainly wish sometimes I could do just as Melody said in her blog post and wear a sign, it would explain so much about me to the people I interact with.
For weeks prior to Christmas I was really struggling but tried hard to hide it. Then, to add insult to injury, I had a severe blow from someone who made assumptions about things they knew nothing about. It hurt. Judgments were passed and mean comments were made about my family when we were trying to do our best to help those we love.
Now, I must say, I fully admit I'm not perfect. The assumptions made in this instance were wrong and out of line but all I can do is find the best way possible to move on and get over it. Especially since I've also done things that have been misunderstood and have hurt people in the past too. Perhaps the comments were made because of stress in their life. I will never know, all I can do is learn from it, forgive, and move on.
My point in sharing this is maybe it would have helped if we all wore signs explaining our inner thoughts and worries. Perhaps knowing someone is struggling deeply would mean we'd be kinder to each other. Perhaps we'd go to the source for an explanation. Perhaps we wouldn't back-stab or make harsh digs just so we look better than someone else. Perhaps we wouldn't assume the worse and instead we'd give the benefit of the doubt.
If I could have let go of my pride and have been honest, here are a few of the signs I would have worn the last six weeks...
Maybe wearing these signs would have helped. And, I wonder, what signs would others have worn that would have helped me better understand and help them?
Bottom line, as 2011 starts, I think it's a good opportunity to try to make less assumptions and be kinder.
We don't wear signs daily that spell everything out and most of us try to cover up the worries, sadness and everyday struggles. We have look deeper and see with our hearts instead of our minds. We need to work on not taking offense, especially where no offense was intended.
I know I will be working on these things. The world could use more kindness, less judgments and harsh digs. I will be open to the idea that what works for me, doesn't always work for someone else and I will look for those unsaid messages, signs, so I can have better understanding and more love for those around me.
Seriously, if you'd like to understand what I'm trying to say go here: A really great story everybody should read! It's very well written and explains the message so much better than I can.
Ok, that's all.... soon it's back to happy crafting! Snowmen are on their way....
Love and happiness to all!