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Positron emission tomography and recovery following revascularization (PARR-1): the importance of scar and the development of a prediction rule for the degree of recovery of left ventricular function
Author + information
- Received February 15, 2002
- Revision received May 24, 2002
- Accepted June 24, 2002
- Published online November 20, 2002.
Author Information
- Rob S.B Beanlands, MD, FACC, FRCP(C)*,* (rbeanlands{at}ottawaheart.ca),
- Terrence D Ruddy, MD, FACC, FRCP(C)*,
- Robert A deKemp, PhD*,
- Robert M Iwanochko, MD, FRCP(C)†,
- Geoffrey Coates, MD, FRCP(C)‡,
- Michael Freeman, MD, FACC, FRCP(C)†,
- Claude Nahmias, PhD‡,
- Paul Hendry, MD, FRCS(C)*,
- Robert J Burns, MD, FACC, FRCP(C)†,
- Andre Lamy, MD, FRCP(C)§,
- Lynda Mickleborough, MD, FRCP(C)†,
- William Kostuk, MD, FACC, FRCP(C)∥,
- Ernest Fallen, MD, FACC, FRCP(C)§,
- Graham Nichol, MD, MPH, FRCP(C)¶,
- PARR Investigators
- ↵*Reprint requests and correspondence:
Dr. Rob S. B. Beanlands, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada.
Objectives The aim of this study was to determine whether the extent of viability or scar is important in the amount of recovery of left ventricular (LV) function, and to develop a model for predicting recovery after revascularization that could be tested in a randomized trial.
Background F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is used to define viable myocardium in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and severe LV dysfunction and to guide revascularization decisions. Whether this approach improves clinical outcomes has not been tested in a randomized trial. Before doing so, an objective model for prediction of recovery is required.
Methods A total of 82 patients with CAD and an ejection fraction (EF) ≤35% had FDG PET perfusion imaging before revascularization. Complete follow-up was available on 70 patients (86%). Patients had radionuclide angiograms at baseline and three months post-revascularization.
Results Diabetes (p = 0.029), time to operation (p = 0.008), and scar score (p = 0.001) were significant independent predictors of the change in EF. Previous coronary artery bypass graft confounded the effect of age. There was a significant interaction between the perfusion tracer used and mismatch score (p = 0.02). The multivariable prediction model incorporating PET and clinical variables had a goodness of fit with p = 0.001. Across tertiles of scar scores (I, small: 0% to 16%; II, moderate: 16% to 27.5%; III, large: 27.5% to 47%), the changes in EFs were 9.0 ± 1.9%, 3.7 ± 1.6%, and 1.3 ± 1.5% (p = 0.003: I vs. III), respectively.
Conclusions In patients with severe LV dysfunction, the amount of scar was a significant independent predictor of LV function recovery after revascularization. A combination of PET and clinical parameters predicts the degree of recovery. This model is being applied in a large randomized controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of therapy guided by FDG PET.
Patients with ischemic heart disease and severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction have high morbidity and mortality (1–4). Such patients may have hibernating viable myocardium, but are at significant risk for cardiac events if they do not undergo timely revascularization (2,5–7). In patients with severe LV dysfunction, F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) imaging is considered by many to be the best means for defining viability (4,8–12)and has proven useful in predicting regional and global recovery of LV function following revascularization (4,6,10,13–18). However, there is only limited understanding of the extent and severity of FDG abnormalities that are required to predict degrees of improvement in LV function following revascularization (14,19). This represents a key unresolved issue in viability imaging (18).
Retrospective and cohort studies suggest that the use of FDG positron emission tomography (PET) imaging may have impact on patient outcome (2,5,7,20). However, there are no large prospective randomized controlled trials that focus on patients with severeLV dysfunction, the group of patients where FDG PET may have the greatest benefit. Recent data have shown that FDG PET imaging can impact clinical decision making (6,20–25). However, the integration of both viability and clinical parameters may be helpful in optimizing therapy decisions for patients with severe LV dysfunction. Before undertaking a randomized controlled trial of FDG PET on patient outcome, it is necessary to understand what degree of viability will predict what level of LV function recovery, and how integration with other clinical parameters will affect the prediction of recovery.
The aim of this study was to determine whether the extent of viable or scarred myocardium is important in the level of recovery of LV function among patients with severe coronary disease and severe LV dysfunction, and to develop a model that incorporates viability and clinical parameters for predicting the degree of recovery after revascularization that could be tested in a similar patient population in a prospective randomized controlled trial.
Patient population and study design
This was a prospective multicenter cohort study. Included were patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and severe LV dysfunction with an ejection fraction (EF) ≤35% by any quantitative technique, who were being scheduled for revascularization. Excluded were those patients with myocardial infarction within the preceding six weeks, severe valve disease requiring valve replacement, requirement for aneurysm resection, and inability to obtain informed consent. Patients had evaluation of myocardial viability at the Cardiac PET Centre of the University of Ottawa Heart Institute (64 patients enrolled from eastern Ontario, northern Ontario, and western Quebec) or the E. S. Garnett Memorial PET Centre of McMaster University (18 patients enrolled from southwestern Ontario at McMaster University Medical Centre, University of Toronto Health Sciences Network, and London Health Sciences Centre).
After providing informed consent, patients underwent baseline perfusion imaging and FDG PET. Clinical assessment of functional class, radionuclide angiography (RNA), quality of life questionnaire, and 6-min walk test were done within two weeks of the FDG PET scan, before revascularization. The RNA was repeated after three months of follow-up. The absolute change in EF between baseline and follow-up was then determined.
Evaluation of functional capacity and quality of life
Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina classification and New York Heart Association dyspnea classification were recorded based on patient self-report. The Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire was used to assess health-related quality of life (26,27). Functional score using this approach ranges from 0 (good) to 105 (poor). Submaximal exercise capacity was determined using the 6-min walk test as a safe and objective means for evaluating the functional status of patients (28,29).
The RNAs were acquired using a standard electrocardiogram-gated equilibrium blood pool imaging protocol, using Tc-99m-labelled red blood cells (6,13–15,17,22). The EF was measured from the left anterior oblique 45° acquisition. The RNA analysis was performed in a central core laboratory by observers (R.M. Iwanochko and R. J. Burns, Toronto Hospital) who were blind to any clinical or imaging data (30,31).
A standardized protocol for static FDG PET imaging was used. Patients without diabetes were studied in the postprandial state after a 50-g oral glucose load. Those patients with diabetes or glucose intolerance also received insulin according to a standardized protocol (2,4–6,14,15,22,32,33).
Initial PET transmission scanning was performed to allow for attenuation correction. A 30-min emission scan was acquired starting 40 min after injection of 75 to 370 MBq of FDG in a whole-body PET camera (CTI/Siemens ECAT ART, Knoxville, Tennessee). The FDG uptake images were reconstructed using a Hann window cutoff at 0.2 cycles/pixel.
Perfusion imaging
Where PET perfusion imaging was available, this was performed using either N-13 ammonia or rubidium-82. Both of these have been used routinely in previous studies for perfusion imaging, often interchangeably (2,4,5,7,13–15,32,34,35). A dose of 370 to 740 MBq of rubidium-82 or 300 to 370 MBq of N-13 ammonia was administered intravenously. Standard perfusion imaging acquisition protocols were used (32,36–41). Sites without the capability of PET perfusion imaging performed Tc-99m sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to assess perfusion (4,6,17,22,42). A dose of 740 MBq of Tc-99m sestamibi was administered intravenously, followed 1 h later by standard 30-min 180° SPECT imaging protocol. All patients were studied under resting conditions. The SPECT images were reconstructed with the same resolution as the PET images and transferred to the PET computer system for analysis.
Perfusion/FDG image data analysis
The heart was divided into 460 sectors by an automated analysis program (41,43). For each sector, tracer activity was expressed as a percentage of the maximum uptake for the patient's myocardium. The sum of the percentages of all sectors, corrected for the maximum possible score (maximum score: 46,000 = 460 sectors × 100%), defined the total "raw perfusion"score and the total "raw FDG"score, respectively. To normalize the FDG to perfusion, sectors that were ≥80% of the maximum perfusion were defined as normal. FDG uptake was then normalized by scaling the percent FDG uptake to be equal to perfusion in the "maximum zone" sectors. After this normalization, sectors with a value >100% FDG were assigned a value of 100%. The sums of all sectors were calculated again to define the total "normalized perfusion"and the total "normalized FDG"uptake, respectively.
Tissue characterization
In the "abnormal" sectors with <80% perfusion, the extent and severity of hibernating myocardium ("mismatch"score) and "scar"score could be defined as a percentage of the total LV myocardium. Thus, for abnormal sectors:
In sectors with FDG < perfusion, the perfusion score was substituted for the FDG score in the above equation.
In sectors with FDG > perfusion:
The score parameters consider the combination of extent and severity. Using this method, sectors with reduced perfusion can have a mixture of both mismatch and scar scores. The sum of perfusion, mismatch, and scar scores for any abnormal sector equals 100%. To evaluate size alone, the number of sectors defined as scar or mismatch were considered. Figure 1shows examples of the polar maps to determine scar and mismatch scores in three patients.
Statistical analysis
Univariable comparisons evaluated possible significant associations between potential covariates and absolute changes in EF, the response variable. Separate analyses considered relative changes in EF. Size and score values were considered for the following PET-related variables: raw FDG, normalized FDG, raw perfusion, normalized perfusion, mismatch score, and scar score. Each of these variables was modeled as a normal distribution. The following demographic and clinical variables were considered: age, gender, baseline EF, previous revascularization, time to revascularization, symptom class, and diabetes. Candidate demographic and clinical variables were selected based on prior evidence of important prognostic factors in the setting of revascularization (44,45). Although associations with other variables were plausible, the study had sample size constraints. Therefore, in addition to obtaining a satisfactory fit of the data, a secondary goal of the analysis was to limit the number of variables in the model so that there would be at least 10 cases per variable in order to avoid overfitting (44,45).
Multivariable analyses were performed by using stepwise multiple regression methods. The criterion for possible inclusion in the multivariable model were univariable p value <0.2. The criterion for remaining in the multivariable model was an adjusted p value <0.05. Goodness of fit was based on assessment of overall model fit and graphic comparison of observed versus adjusted values residual plots to identify outlying or influential observations or systematic patterns (46). To illustrate the association between scar score and the absolute change in EF on RNA between baseline and post-revascularization follow-up, the scar score was compared across tertiles. Interaction terms were considered. Thus, an indicator variable was included in the model to account for the potential differences in perfusion tracer, as the use of PET or SPECT tracers could potentially affect the degree of scar or mismatch defined (8,47,48)(tracer variable = 1 for PET, 0 for SPECT perfusion).
Patient characteristics
Between July 1996 and October 1999, 101 patients were considered for the study. Of these, two patients (2%) could not complete both tests before the scheduled revascularization. Thirteen patients (13%) underwent aneurysm resection, ventricular reconstruction, or mitral valve replacement and were excluded. Four patients (4%) had surgery cancelled. Thus, 82 patients (82%) with baseline FDG PET and RNA met inclusion criteria. Of these 82 patients, 2 patients (2%) died before follow-up, 1 patient before undergoing surgery and the other patient in the early postoperative period. One patient had a large stroke and could not return for follow-up. Six other patients (7%) were lost to follow-up. Three patients (4%) had technical difficulties with baseline or follow-up PET or RNA that could not be analyzed. Thus, 70 patients (85% of those eligible) had complete follow-up data and were included in the analysis. The baseline demographic characteristics of these patients are shown in Table 1. There were 51 patients (73%) that had class III to IV dyspnea, whereas 35 patients (50%) had class III to IV angina. The patients' previous angiography showed that three-vessel CAD and/or left main coronary artery disease was present in 49 patients (70%). Every attempt was made to proceed to revascularization as soon as possible after the PET and RNA images. In 51 patients (71%), revascularization was performed within six weeks of the FDG PET scan.
Independent predictors of change in LV function
The following factors were independently and significantly associated with absolute change in EF after adjustment for other factors (Table 2) : scar score (p = 0.001), tracer (p = 0.043), time to operation (within 6 weeks) (p = 0.008), and diabetes (p = 0.029). The independent effect of the mismatch score was not significant. After adjustment for a statistically significant interaction between mismatch and perfusion tracer, the net effect of the mismatch score when using PET perfusion was significant (p = 0.085 for mismatch score, p = 0.043 for tracer, p = 0.021 for the interaction term). Because of this interaction the net effect of mismatch is better understood by considering the fitted values (discussed in the following text and in Table 3). Prior coronary artery bypass graft was included in the model because it confounded the estimate for age.
Multivariable correlates of change in LV function
Although multivariable models of absolute and relative changes in EF were similar, a better goodness of fit was achieved with absolute change in EF. Therefore, adjusted values were calculated for absolute change in EF (Table 3). The overall fit of the model was significant (F = 4.35, df = 8, p = 0.001). No observations were identified as being outlying or influential. Table 3describes the overall effect of an incremental change in selected variables on the fitted absolute change in EF while holding all other variables in the model constant. For this analysis mean values were used for continuous variables and modal values were used for categorical variables (tracer = 1, PET). The mean absolute change in EF was 4.3 ± 1.68%. A 10-point incremental increase in the extent of scar would reduce the change in EF by 3.38% to 0.94 ± 2.16%. A 10-point increase in mismatch using PET perfusion would increase the change in EF by 1.99% to 6.31 ± 2.37%. The complete model explained 36.4% of the variance in EF. The observed versus the fitted absolute changes in EF calculated from the multiple linear regression are shown in Figure 2(r = 0.60; p = 0.0003).
Extent of scar and LV function recovery
To illustrate the relationship between scar score and change in EF, scar scores were divided into tertiles: (I, small: 0% to 16%; II, moderate: 16% to 27.5%; III, large: 27.5% to 47%). The respective changes in EFs were 9.0 ± 1.9%, 3.7 ± 1.6%, and 1.3 ± 1.5% (mean ± SD). There was a statistically significant difference in the absolute change of EF between patients with small scar score (0% to 16% of LV) compared with large scar score (27.5% to 47% of LV) (overall p = 0.006 by analysis of variance; p = 0.002 for tertile I [small] vs. III [large] by ttest) (Fig. 3).
This prospective study demonstrates that in patients with severe CAD and LV dysfunction, the amount of scar is an important predictor of the extent of recovery after surgery. The semiquantitative PET imaging methods allow objective evaluation of viability. The PET parameters combined with clinical parameters can be used to estimate the degree of LV function recovery. To our knowledge, this is the largest such study to integrate the clinical, demographic, and imaging information into a prediction model for LV function recovery post-revascularization.
Scar, mismatch, and LV function recovery
In the current study, quantification of the amount of scar was an independent predictor of improvement in LV function following revascularization in patients with severe LV dysfunction. Previous studies have focused on the importance of mismatch (or hibernating myocardium) in predicting recovery of function and improved outcome (2,4,5,7,10,14,18). The current study indicates that scar should also be considered and that PET parameters should be considered in the clinical context.
Recent data from Pagano et al. and reports from Bax et al. suggest that the number of viable dysfunctional segments and the amount of mismatch are important for predicting symptom and LV function recovery (19,49,50). In the study by Pagano et al. (19)the number of viable segments, defined by the rate of myocardial glucose utilization, was associated with the change in EF (r = 0.65). Unlike many previous studies, Pagano et al. (19)defined viability independent of perfusion. The current study showed similar results in that the degree of scar (the corollary of the Pagano et al. (19)glucose utilization) was a significant independent predictor of LV function recovery. However, it also showed that a prediction model that includes PET parameters (scar and mismatch) and clinical parameters can be used to estimate the degree of recovery of LV function following revascularization.
Others have also recently focused on the extent of scar. In a cohort study, Haas et al. (20)used 50% FDG uptake as cutoff for viability and defined an extent of scar >40% as unlikely to recover with revascularization. Using FDG PET to risk stratify with these cutoffs yielded improved postoperative and long-term outcomes compared to an approach that did not utilize FDG PET (20). Further evidence on the importance of the total extent of viability comes from subsequent studies by Haas et al. (51,52). These data indicate that dysfunctional regions with normal perfusion (repetitively stunned myocardium) are more common than mismatch (70% vs. 24% of dysfunctional segments). In addition such "normal perfusion zones" have less associated tissue injury and are more likely to demonstrate complete recovery than mismatch segments (31% vs. 18%, respectively) (51,52).
Retrospective studies evaluating FDG PET and long-term patient outcome (2,5–7,12,35)suggest that FDG PET potentially identifies high-risk patients that may benefit from revascularization. Other studies have shown that FDG PET is helpful in decision making for revascularization (22–24), but it is difficult, without prospective randomized controlled trials, to know whether therapy decisions are indeed appropriate and impact on outcome. One randomized controlled trial has compared FDG PET guided therapy to Tc-99m-sestamibi guided therapy (53). Although there were minor trends, this study showed no significant difference in outcome. However, the study focused on a lower risk group of patients (with mostly moderate LV dysfunction), used only FDG mismatch to define viability in hypoperfused segments, and was too small to detect important differences (54). One of the aims of the current study was the identification of a prediction model that incorporates PET and clinical parameters and could be applied in a prospective randomized controlled trial of patients with severe LV dysfunction—the patient population who will most likely benefit from viability detection.
Utility of the prediction model
In this study, several clinical parameters had impact on LV function recovery. The presence of higher risk parameters, including diabetes, age, and previous revascularization, increased the degree of recovery. At first glance, this may appear paradoxical. However, other studies (55)have shown that the patients at greatest risk are often those who gain the most benefit from treatment. It is possible that older patients and those with previous bypass have better developed collateral flow, which could facilitate recovery. Alternatively, a selection bias may have occurred whereby subjective criteria for revascularization decisions are stricter with the higher risk patients. In the case of diabetes, it may also indicate that the level of viable myocardium is greater than apparent on imaging because patients with diabetes tend to be more difficult to image (56–60). Examples of applying the model to three patients in the current study who had small, moderate, and large scar areas are shown in Figure 1.
Study limitations
Some limitations of this approach are worth considering. These primarily relate to the patient population in this study, which included patients who were predominantly men, predominately between 53 and 71 years of age (1 standard deviation from the mean), had multivessel disease, and had bypassable vessels. The generalizability of the prediction model to a wider patient population is being tested in a large randomized controlled trial (PET and Recovery following Revascularization–Phase 2 [PARR-2]).
The current study was intended as a pilot study to establish the prediction model for subsequent trials. The sample size was larger than many PET studies evaluating recovery of function. However, the sample size limited the parameters that could be included in the prediction model. Thus, some potentially important parameters, such as stress-induced ischemia and ventricular volumes, were not included. The number of parameters used simplifies the model for research and clinical use but also means that prediction rule for a given patient must be taken in the context of clinical judgment and image interpretation. The impact of some of these variables on the model will be tested in the larger ongoing randomized control trial.
The use of both PET and SPECT perfusion agents in the current study represents the clinical reality, as many institutions do not have easy access to PET perfusion agents. This may account for the lack of significance of the independent mismatch term. To account for potential differences in mismatch due to the type of perfusion tracer (PET or SPECT), an interaction variable (tracer variable) was used in the model. When PET perfusion was used, the overall effect of mismatch was for a predicted increase in EF. When SPECT perfusion was used, the mismatch effect was not significant and the confidence limits of the point estimate overlap 0. Thus, interpretation of the effect of mismatch with SPECT perfusion must be done cautiously. This limitation of the model likely reflects the small sample size. Ongoing clinical trials will allow evaluation of each PET variable with greater accuracy.
Although improvement in LV function has been noted at three months of follow-up in many previous studies, recent data suggest that more recovery may be observed with longer follow-up time (51,52,61). The impact of follow-up time on the model could not be addressed in the current study but will be considered in the larger ongoing randomized control trial that will follow up patients up to two years.
It could be argued the angiographic data should be included in the model. Clearly this is an important parameter in decision making. However, patients in this study did have suitable anatomy for revascularization. If they did not, they were not generally considered for revascularization and the model would not be applicable. Second, many patients referred for PET (about 50% in our institution) have not had a recent angiogram. Therefore, coronary anatomy data would not always be available to incorporate into the model. The prospective randomized controlled trial (PARR-2) includes patients who have as well as those who have not had recent angiography before the PET study: so the model can be validated in this patient population.
In patients with severe CAD and LV dysfunction, quantification of the amount of scar with FDG PET and perfusion imaging is important in predicting the extent of recovery of LV function after revascularization. The percent of the LV with scar was the most important predictor. A prediction model that combines PET and clinical parameters can be used to predict the degree of recovery of LV function.
These data set the framework for larger scale future studies evaluating the application of FDG PET. The prediction model is now being applied in a large multicenter randomized controlled trial (PARR-2) to determine the clinical outcome and cost-effectiveness of therapy guided by FDG PET. Appendix
Participating sites (investigators and research coordinators)
University of Ottawa Heart Institute (R. Beanlands, T. Ruddy, R. deKemp, P. Hendry, R. Masters, S. Smith, R. A. Davies, M. Labinaz, D. S. Beanlands, B. Aubrey, L. Garrard); E. S. Garnett Memorial PET Centre, Department of Radiology, McMaster University and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences (E. Fallen, C. Nahmias, G. Firnau, A. Lamy, G. Woodcock, M. Thompson); Hospitals of the University of Toronto Health Sciences Network (Toronto Hospital Western and General Divisions) (R. Burns, R. M. Iwanochko, L. Mickelborough, P. P. Liu); St. Michael's Hospital (M. Freeman, D. Latter); London Health Sciences Centre (W. Kostuk).
Core labs
PET and perfusion imaging: University of Ottawa Heart Institute (R. deKemp, M. Aung); RA (R. Burns, R. M. Iwanochko, R. Burke).
Statistical analysis
CORE Group, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa (G. Nichol, J. Blackburn).
☆ The study was supported in part by the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario (HSFO grant # NA-4316 and T-3570). Dr. Beanlands is a Research Scientist supported by the Canadian Institutes for Health Research. Dr. Nichol is a Career Scientist supported by the Ontario Ministry of Health. Dr. Burns passed away during the course of the study.
- Abbreviations
- coronary artery disease
- ejection fraction
- F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose
- left ventricle/ventricular
- positron emission tomography
- radionuclide angiogram/angiography
- single photon emission computed tomography
- Tc
- technetium
- Received February 15, 2002.
- Revision received May 24, 2002.
- Accepted June 24, 2002.
- American College of Cardiology Foundation
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600 Miles / 600 millas the directorial debut of Mexican filmmaker Gabriel Ripstein, winner of the Best First Film Award at the Berlin Film Festival and a Cinema Tropical Award nominee for Best First Film, opens today February 5, in theaters across the United States distributed by Pantelion Films.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Handbell Statistics
This is an occasional series about statistical trends in change ringing on handbells.
Blog post
Last week, Emma Southerington reached the milestone of 1000 peals as conductor, with a peal of Lincolnshire Royal on handbells. This is a landmark that not many people have achieved - moreover, she has conducted more than 600 handbell peals, which is also an impressive total.
Turning to...Read more
Back in 2013, I used data from BellBoard to estimate the number of handbell ringers - or at least, the number of people who had rung a published handbell peal or quarter during a certain period of time. I found 1059 people during the 5-year period up to the end...Read more
Two peals of Bristol Maximus on handbells, a fortnight apart and both rung in the Reading area, have attracted attention as landmarks at opposite ends of two handbell ringing careers.
The first, on Wednesday 21st June, is remarkable for being Pip Dillistone's first handbell peal. This must surely...Read more
The 100th handbell peal for the SACR has just been rung - Plain Bob Major, which was Isabella Scott's first peal. Congratulations, Isabella! To mark the occasion, here's a review of the history of Scottish handbell ringing.
The first handbell peal was in 1932, of Plain Bob Major. The band was...Read more
The Northallerton band rang a peal of the Nottingham Eight recently:
Yorkshire Association
Northallerton, North Yorkshire
19 The Green, Romanby
Friday, 28 April 2017 in 2h32 (11)
5184 Spliced Surprise Major (8m)
960 Cassiobury; 768 Cambridge; 576 Bristol, Cornwall, Glasgow, Lessness, London, Superlative; 149 com.
Composed by D F...Read more
Sam Austin's comment on Tina's article about the state of handbell ringing, which he linked to the recent Ringing World article about the declining number of ringers, prompted me to compare the numbers of handbell and tower bell peals during the period covered by PealBase (1950-present). Why peals?...Read more
One difference between tower bell ringing and handbell ringing is that a tower bell has its own momentum and rhythm, but a handbell doesn't. On handbells, all of the rhythm has to be created by the ringers. We have to start at the right speed, absorb the rhythm of that...Read more
That's a difficult question to answer. Who should we try to count? Everyone who can ring plain hunting on a coursing pair? Everyone who can ring Plain Bob Minor from the trebles or tenors? Everyone who rings handbells regularly?
Instead we can answer an easier question: how many people have...Read more
Quite a long time ago, I produced tables of the most popular methods for handbell peals of Major, Royal and Maximus, which showed that although Yorkshire Major is more commonly rung than Cambridge Major, the preference is reversed on higher numbers.
Just for fun, here are the...Read more
Andrew Craddock has added a fascinating new feature to PealBase: stage leaders. That is to say, the people who have rung the most peals at each stage (Minor, Triples, Major etc). At the time of writing, PealBase data goes back to 1952, so older peals are not included...Read more


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We'd love to hear from you, get in touch with us!
We hope you have found our website useful and now have a better understanding of how you could benefit from a Shuttercraft Management Franchise.
However, if there is any additional information you require about our business, or whether you would be suitable to join our franchise network, please contact the team at Shuttercraft Head Office.
We will be able to assist in providing more information about franchising in the shutter market, and provide more technical product information if required. Alternatively, please book a scoping call with our Franchise team if you wish to start the recruitment process.
Shuttercraft Franchise Recruitment
Newdown Farm,


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Hoster: Microsoft Corporation
If you wish to contact a Registrant whose information is not displayed in WHOIS, you may use the online Contact form which will allow you to send a message to a domain Registrant, Admin or Technical Contact with Internic.ca maintaining their anonymity. https://www.Internic.ca/messagedelivery/ Domain Name: henrys.com Registry Domain ID: 4561103_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.Namescout.com Registrar URL: http://www.Namescout.com Updated Date: 2019-08-29T16:22:59Z Creation Date: 1997-02-03T05:00:00Z Registrar Registration Expiration Date: 2020-02-04T00:00:00Z Registrar: Namescout.com Registrar IANA ID: 186 Registrar Abuse Contact Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.6138204374 Reseller: Internic.ca Domain Status: CLIENT_TRANSFER_PROHIBITED https://www.icann.org/epp#ClientTransferProhibited Domain Status: CLIENT_UPDATE_PROHIBITED https://www.icann.org/epp#ClientUpdateProhibited Domain Status: Domain Status: Domain Status: Domain Status: Registry Registrant ID: Registrant Name: Privacy Hero Inc Registrant Organization: Privacy Hero Inc. Registrant Street: Neptune Court, Suite 204, Allegro Rd Registrant City: Grace Bay Registrant State/Province: Providenciales Registrant Postal Code: TKCA 1ZZ Registrant Country: TC Registrant Phone: +1.8666421232 Registrant Phone Ext: Registrant Fax: +1.6137061248 Registrant Fax Ext: Registrant Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Registry Admin ID: Admin Name: Privacy Hero Inc Admin Organization: Privacy Hero Inc. Admin Street: Neptune Court, Suite 204, Allegro Rd Admin City: Grace Bay Admin State/Province: Providenciales Admin Postal Code: TKCA 1ZZ Admin Country: TC Admin Phone: +1.8666421232 Admin Phone Ext: Admin Fax: +1.6137061248 Admin Fax Ext: Admin Email: email@example.com Registry Tech ID: Tech Name: Privacy Hero Inc Tech Organization: Privacy Hero Inc. Tech Street: Neptune Court, Suite 204, Allegro Rd Tech City: Grace Bay Tech State/Province: Providenciales Tech Postal Code: TKCA 1ZZ Tech Country: TC Tech Phone: +1.8666421232 Tech Phone Ext: Tech Fax: +1.6137061248 Tech Fax Ext: Tech Email: email@example.com Name Server: dns1.datacentres.rogers.com Name Server: dns2.datacentres.rogers.com Name Server: dns3.datacentres.rogers.com Name Server: Name Server: Name Server: DNSSEC: unsigned URL of the ICANN WHOIS Data Problem Reporting System: http://wdprs.internic.net/ >>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2019-10-26T12:15:11Z <<< The results are provided by Namescout.com. (whois.Namescout.com) By using Namescout.com's WHOIS database, you confirm that you understand the following, and you agree to be bound by the terms of usage and limitations of warranty contained herein. Although the data contained in Namescout.com's WHOIS database is believed by the company to be reliable, it is provided "as is". Namescout.com provides no guarantee or warranty regarding its accuracy and will not be held liable for any damages resulting from any inaccurate information that may be included in the database. Namescout.com's sole purpose for providing this information is to assist you in acquiring information about domain name registration records. Any use of this data for any other purpose is expressly prohibited without the prior written permission of Namescout.com. By submitting a query to Namescout.com, you agree to the terms contained herein and in particular, you agree not to use this data to allow, enable, or otherwise make possible, distribution or collection of this data, in part or in its entirety, for any purpose, such as the transmission of unsolicited advertising and solicitations of any kind, including spam. You further agree not to use this data to enable high volume, automated or robotic electronic processes designed to collect or compile this data for any purpose, including mining this data for your own personal or commercial purposes. Register your domain now at www.Internic.ca


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me & cedar a few hours ago, taken with palm pre phone
This is the darkest my hair has ever been. Had to get a shot of it for posterity. My friend colored it last night. I especially love this photo because I am giving Cedar a forced cuddle to get the shot for my family and friends to send on their phone. He just wants to be playing in the puddles...not snuggling his mama. Most of the times he will pose but not when there are huge pools of water to splash in. We weren't prepared for the downpour of rain today. So we got soaked and you can see tiny beads of raven tinted drops all over my head.
I am still trying to get used to having raven dreadies. I might now explore having one indigo and one purple colored one. I feel like it looks sort of vixen-ish. Boho Boy agreed. Why not spice it up!


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Inside the Panthers
Did former Carolina coordinator Sean McDermott poach a Panthers draft target?
We can't be sure what happened in those war rooms in Buffalo and Charlotte on Friday night.
But we suspect there were some shenanigans afoot.
Just moments before the Carolina Panthers went on the clock to make the No. 64 pick, the NFL draft "Trade Alert" flashed on the screen, courtesy of the Buffalo Bills – now coached by former Panthers defensive coordinator Sean McDermott.
Jaws cracked open in the media room inside Bank of America Stadium, and then hit keyboards as it was announced that the Bills' pick was Temple offensive lineman Dion Dawkins – a rumored Panthers target who reportedly was one of Carolina's top-30 visits.
Oh, and the trade partner?
An NFC South rival: The Atlanta Falcons. Gasp!
Now, we aren't saying McDermott pulled a Dr.-Evil-pinkie-to-mouth move as this trade occurred.
But here is what he did tell an Associated Press reporter after the maneuver: "When I asked him if he had a gut feeling about what Panthers were going to do, McDermott laughed and laughed again and then said: 'Well said.' He then added that 'you do your homework and you look at needs (of the Bills and other teams).' He then noted the Panthers did take an (offensive lineman). Though unsure whether they were going to take Dawkins, he said: 'We wanted our guy.'"
Carolina Panthers general manager Dave Gettleman wouldn't say whether the team's original plan – before getting leap-frogged by the Bills – was to draft Dawkins.
But a chuckling head coach Ron Rivera did say he was texting McDermott.
"I'm going to poke at him a little," he joked, and added seriously that he thought his former defensive coordinator was "doing a really nice job" in the draft.
The Panthers did end up with a little tackle insurance – and a solid prospect, at that – in Western Michigan tackle Taylor Moton. Moton played a starter's share of snaps at both right tackle and at guard in college, and was a Senior Bowl standout. At 6-foot-5 and a playing weight of 320 pounds, Moton expects to compete at right tackle.
This gives the team some needed depth at right tackle, with the playing status of former starting left tackle (moved right) Michael Oher in question. The Panthers also have Daryl Williams in place. He would likely be the starter if Oher isn't recovered from last year's season-ending concussion by the time training camp comes around.
Maybe – maybe – it gives the Panthers a little chip on their shoulders come Sept. 17 – when the Panthers host the Bills at Bank of America Stadium.
Jourdan Rodrigue: 704-358-5071, @jourdanrodrigue


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Heating & Air Conditioning Product Options
Heating and Air Conditioning Options
Whether you use electric, gas, or propane as your energy source for your own HVAC system, Bud's Plumbing, Heating & Air Conditioning can help you maintain your home's ideal comfort year round.
- Heat Pump - a heat pump is a unit that heats or cools by moving heat.
Ideal for warmer climates, a heat pump is an all-in-one cooling and heating system. During the winter, a heat pump draws heat from outdoor air and circulates it through your home's air ducts. In the summer, it reverses the process and removes heat from your house and releases it outdoors.
- Central Air - this style of units are commonly used in large buildings or malls, and are ideal for cooling a whole house.
Installing separate units in each individual room can run up cost quickly, so if you plan on keeping multiple rooms cool, we highly recommend installing a central unit. Usually placed outside behind your house, the unit consists of a condenser that collects heat from inside your house and turns the moisture from the heat into a liquid. Much like a refrigerator, it then sends the liquid up to the coils, which evaporate the liquid, making cool air. A fan then pushes that cool air throughout the house's ducts, effectively providing a cool, safe haven from those hot summer days.
- Furnace (Gas or Propane)- this type of unit is designed to deliver reliable and economical warmth by heating air for forced hot air systems.
Hot combustion gases created by burning oil or gas in the furnace are circulated through a heat exchanger. A blower fan blows air across the exterior of the heat exchanger which is then distributed through ductwork to the rooms to be heated. For optimal comfort and efficiency, a gas furnace can be combined with an electric heat pump in one dual-fuel system. This creates the best of both worlds with a radiant heating system.
- Hybrid or Dual Fuel Systems - this type combines the best of both worlds.
Typically it features a heat pump connected to a gas/propane furnace. the duality always it to operates at the highest efficiency and optimal comfort depending on temperature and demand.
- Baseboard Heat - baseboard heat is installed at floor level along walls.
There are two types of baseboard heating that can be installed in a home: electrical or hot water. In the electrical, the baseboard heat consists of copper tubing with bonded aluminum fins enclosed in a protective metal cover. In the hot water version, hot water is pumped from a boiler through the tubing, heating the surrounding air.
- Boiler - Boilers produce hot water or steam to heat your home.
Depending upon the circumstances, hot water or steam is circulated through piping to various types of heating mechanisms such as radiators, baseboard heating units, embedded piping, and the heating coils of hydro-air heating systems. Homeowners, builders, and heating contractors prefer to use boilers because they have flexible venting options and are compact in design.
- Geothermal Heat Pumps - During the heating cycle, a geothermal system uses the earth loop to extract heat from the ground.
Geothermal systems pull heat from the loop and distribute it through a conventional duct system as warm air. The same heat energy can also be used for a radiant floor system or domestic hot water heating. In the cooling mode, the geothermal system air conditions your home by reversing the heating process. Instead of extracting heat from the ground, it is extracted from your home and moved back into the earth loop. Once the heat is removed from the air, it is distributed through the duct system in your home. The earth's steady temperature enables ground-source (geothermal) heat pumps to operate at highly efficient levels. Compared to other heating and cooling systems, a geothermal heat pump saves 30-70% on heat and 20%-50% on air conditioning.
- Ductless Air Systems - a ductless option for both heating and cooling.
Ductless, or also known as 'mini-splits' offer a heating and cooling option works for homes where installing ductwork is not an option. It's also a good solution for homes with specific areas that never seem comfortable such as rooms over the garage, sunrooms, and additions. It's also a great way to condition a garage or outdoor shed for a comfortable workshop. This style of unit is typically a cartridge style installed on the wall, with a compressor unit outside.
Are repairs adding up or you're constantly calling for service? If this is the case, or your unit is between 7-12 years, it may be more cost effective to replace the unit.
Replacement Options
We believe providing excellent customer service is only half of a job well done. To ensure that we provide an all-around stellar experience, we offer excellent products from several manufacturers which makes things easier for our customers. Here at Bud's Plumbing, Heating & Air Conditioning we carry the highest quality, most innovative products for our clients, which is why we are premiere dealers for several brands.
We also offer a complete line of thermostats, both programmable and non-programmable models, each designed to maximize the performance of your heating system.
Schedule an appointment online or call us at (757) 234-8423 today


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Former Fox daytime anchor Gretchen Carlson has filed a lawsuit against network president Roger Ailes, claiming he fired her for refusing to have sex with him. The suit alleges that Ailes "unlawfully retaliated" against her and "sabotaged her career after she refused his sexual advances and complained about severe and pervasive sexual harassment".
According to the suit, Ailes tried to pressure Carlson to sleep with him "by various means," including insistent use of "sexual and/or sexist comments" in everyday conversation. It quotes Ailes, 76, as allegedly saying: "You and I should have had a sexual relationship a long time ago and then you'd be good and better and I'd be good and better. Sometimes problems are easier to solve that way".
When she rebuffed his advances, the lawsuit claims Ailes retaliated by reducing Carlson's salary, cutting her on-air appearances and refusing to renew her contract in June. The suit also accuses Ailes of "severe and pervasive" sexual harassment and one other newsroom personality tolerating it.
Carlson alleges that Ailes repeatedly asked her to "turn around so he could view her posterior, commented repeatedly about her legs, and instructed her to wear certain outfits that he claimed enhanced her figure."
Ailes called the suit "defamatory." It is "not only offensive, it is wholly without merit and will be defended vigorously," he said in a statement.
"This is a retaliatory suit for the network's decision not to renew her contract, which was due to the fact that her disappointingly low ratings were dragging down the afternoon lineup," he added. "Ms Carlson became aware that her career with the network was likely over and conveniently began to pursue a lawsuit."
But other women are speaking out against Ailes' behaviour and attitude toward women.
Another female employee said she was ordered by Ailes to always wear a dress and to "turn around so he could see my ass," reports the Huffington Post.
Ailes has bragged that he picks his on-camera female personalities for Fox on whether or not "he would f*** her," a women employee at Fox told Huffpo. As for men, Ailes based his decision on "whether he could sit down for a baseball game with [the potential hire] and not get annoyed", added the staffer who asked not to be identified out of fear of retaliation.
After the Carlson suit was filed "at least 10 other women" from Fox contacted the law offices of Carlson's attorney Nancy Erika Smith of Smith Mullin about similar treatment, a firm spokesman told CNN Money.
Carlson, 50, a 1989 Miss America pageant winner, has spoken openly about repeated sexual harassment in the media industry. Early in her TV career a one top executive "threw himself on top of me and stuck his tongue down my throat," she wrote in her 2015 book Getting Real.
Carlson was a host of the popular Fox & Friends morning programme from 2006 until 2013, but was removed from the show after complaining about her male co-host Steve Doocy. The suit says Doocy — who is not a defendant in the court action — "regularly treated her in a sexist and condescending way."
When Carlson complained to Ailes about Doocy, the suit alleges, Ailes called Carlson a "man hater," and said she "needed to learn to get along with the boys."
She was soon taken off the show and moved to The Real Story With Gretchen Carlson which aired at 2 pm on the network. The show consistently won its time slot, recently averaging 1.1 million daily viewers.
Fox issued its own statement about the suit saying: "We take these matters seriously. While we have full confidence in Mr Ailes and Mr Doocy, who have served the company brilliantly for over two decades, we have commenced an internal review of the matter."


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Subscribe To When Were The Expendables At Their Best? Updates
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Whether or not The Expendables films would be better if all the actors were still in their primes is a difficult and confusing question to answer. We can tell you that for certain because we spent twenty minutes yelling at each other about it earlier this week and got nowhere. On the one hand, the fights would be more aggressive and acrobatic. They would feature these legends slugging it out as we remember them best. On the other hand, the budget would bloat into the two hundred plus million dollar range, no one would want to take supporting roles and no one would ever be willing to lose a fight. In theory, it would be awesome. In actuality, it would be a fucking nightmare.
The far better debate, however, is what movie actually represents each one of these men's primes the best. At what point did each achieve his maximum action star awesomeness? That's what we set off to find out. Those of us here at Cinema Blend who care about action movies (more don't than you would expect) split up the eight legends (average age 57.25) and put forth our nominations. The following list is what we came up with…
The Expendables family tree takes root in George P. Cosmatos' sequel, which delivered bigger, bloodier, louder and more explosive thrills. Sound familiar? Rocky Balboa's downright chatty when compared to Rambo in this adventure. And while the characters Stallone played prior to Rambo II had a foot in a blue-collar reality, this sequel triggered a string of overblown action figures for Sly, from Cobra and Over the Top to Tango & Cash and Cliffhanger. They all owe a debt of gratitude to First Blood Part II … Expendables, included.
From fucking Amy Smart in the middle of the street to jumping out of a helicopter to break his enemy's neck, Crank only works because it's carried by a scary, brilliant action star. It's not the type to be enjoyed by most, but it is the type to be watched obsessively by those who do get it.
Whether he's playing a hero or a villain, Jet Li is one of those rare action stars who is actually better with better material. Hero is arguably the best he's ever worked with (sorry Expendables), and he certainly rises to the challenge. At forty-nine, Li may have a few gems left in him. If any approach the savage beauty of Hero, we'll all be in for a treat.
He embodied everything we, as America, thought we hated in Mother Russia. And when he lost in the final boxing match, it felt like every U.S. citizen participated in his downfall. Lundgren couldn't surpass that role, trying (but failing) to create memorable characters in Masters of the Universe, The Punisher, Universal Soldier and, later, a string of direct-to-video thrillers. Ironically, it is Stallone who has given Lundgren his best shot once again at silver-screen success. But once The Expendables fades away, expect Dolph to disappear along with them.
Instead of trying to bottle Norris' inherent awesomeness into one truncated, two-hour adventure, this primetime television series was able to stretch his mighty physical prowess over eight majestic seasons. Walker had Norris' favorite character traits: Peaceful Zen of a samurai warrior (from The Way of the Dragon), the law-enforcement angle of Lone Wolf McQuade, and the ex-Vietnam persona Norris wore with dignity through multiple Missing in Action movies. Before The Expendables 2, Walker Texas Ranger was the quintessential Chuck Norris role … and we truthfully don't see it changing anytime soon.
Going AWOL from the Canadian Army (okay, less badass) to participate in the martial arts tournament means he not only has to fight potentially to the death but also evade two pursuing agents. Dux starts training as a kid, under a strict sensei, before splits-ing and spinning back heel kicking his way into the finals to fight familiar face Bolo Yeung (Chong Li!)... Blind! Van Damme wins the tournament, gets the girl and avenges his friend, the bully from Revenge of the Nerds all while doing justice to the real fighter who went undefeated in 329 matches.
Playing a New York cop forced to rescue his estranged wife and her coworkers from a pack of merciless terrorists, Willis offered an alternative to Stallone and Schwarzenegger's insane muscles and unintelligible speech. McClane was no bodybuilder, but what he lacked in muscle he made up for in street smarts and smartass appeal. Unimpressed by wealth, power, and threats, McClane was a blue-collar hero we all could rally behind. And when the going gets tough, this modern cowboy just got tougher, bandaging his glass-ravaged feet and bringing down the East German villain with his war cry, "Yippee ki-yay, motherfucker!"
In the ten years between '82-92, Schwarzenegger created several standout characters (Dutch, the T-800), but Retired Delta Force Colonel John Matrix is a great example of the star at his deadliest. To call Matrix a 'one-man army' in the dogged pursuit of his kidnapped daughter (Alyssa Milano) is an understatement, as he not only takes down the main baddies one by one but also annihilates an entire island fortress, murdering countless henchmen in the process. There are so many great moments; his introduction casually carrying a tree trunk and chainsaw or the scene in the toolshed when his 'kid in a candy store' kills at least a whole squad of attackers. And what Schwarzenegger role would be complete without a few zingers? My favorite is the simple, yet effective, "I lied." Sorry, Sully.


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This Saturday 21 April at Redcatch Community Centre, doors open 7pm.Tickets from Broadwalk News, Broad Walk or get in touch with Entertaining Local Knowle through their Facebook page or their website (click 'more' then 'contact') and they will be held at the door for you to pay on the night.
A few tickets left so grab them while you can! Fun and cheap night out at local venue. Bring your own booze and savour our famous home-made soup supper before the show (included in the give away price of only £8.50.) See you there for an evening of laughing!
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We attended a Christmas party this weekend at the new home of some friends. It was a lovely place on a very nice piece of land. But what impressed me the most was their beautiful furniture.
As it turns out, the husband had built the vast majority of it himself. And we're not talking about shabby, knocked together, dorm-quality furniture. Rather, these were truly gorgeous, hand-crafted pieces.
Honestly, it was rather humbling to see the quality of the work that he had done. I wish I had the patience and skill to do the same thing myself.
And now… Here are some articles that caught my eye this past week:
- Why Frugality Has Its Limits — Short, sweet, and to the point.
- An Economist's Guide to the White Elephant Game — An interesting perspective on the giving of gifts. Fair warning: economists aren't much fun.
- Asset Allocation Revisited: How Much International Stock Exposure — Our equity portfolio is 2/3 domestic and 1/3 international. What about yours?
- Balancing the Future With the Present — This is an ongoing struggle for many.
- Strategic Bequest Planning — If you overshoot the retirement goal, you'll need to think about what happens to your money after you're gone.
That's it. I hope you had a great weekend.


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Ours Friends From Frolix 8 (Philip K. Dick)
'God is dead,' Nick said. 'They found his carcass in 2019. Floating out in space near Alpha.'
'They found the remains of an organism advanced several thousand times over what we are,' Charley said. 'And it evidently could create habitable worlds and populate them with living organisms, derived from itself. But that doesn't prove it was God.'
'I think it was God.' (45)
My dear friend Philip K. Dick. He never lets me down. I've had an exhausting few weeks of travel and work, and while things are a little calmer now, it's still not completely over. But that's okay. We can deal. Especially with help from good old Philip.
Our Friends From Frolix 8 is definitely one of the finer Philip K. Dick books I've read (and only $5.95 when purchased at the Strand in New York, bonus). You have a futuristic society organized by men's abilities–Old Men, trapped in dead-end, deadbeat jobs, the super intelligent New Men, who rule over society in a hierarchical, inaccessible order, and the Unusuals, who have psionic and telekinetic abilities and exist alongside the New Men in an an uneasy compromise. You have a Christlike leader of a revolution, Thors Provoni, returning to Planet Earth after years spent exploring the outer galaxies on his ship The Grey Dinosaur. And best of all, you have Morgo, the ninety-ton Godlike protoplasmic slime from the titular planet Frolix 8, who's accompanying Thors on his mission to create a new world order. What is it with Dick's obsession with sentient slime-molds? I LOVE IT.
'Let me tell you a legend about God,' Morgo said. 'In the beginning he created an egg, a huge egg, with a creature inside it. God tried to break the eggshell open to let the creature–the original living creature–out. He couldn't. But the creature which He had made had a sharp beak, constructed for just such a task, and it chipped its way out of the egg. And hence – all living creatures have free will, now.'
'Because we broke the egg, not He.'
'Why does that give us free will?'
'Because, dammit, we can do what He can't.' (78)
There are so oh so relevant modern themes in this novel, from surveillance, to what the world would be like if ruled by a paranoid, arrogant, verging on insane individual, to the role of God and religion. I love Dick's depiction of the bohemian revolutionary underclass; he is so good at evoking that deadbeat Berkeley culture of pillheads. He hasn't been that successful at writing interesting female characters in the past, but the sixteen-year-old Charley manages to be both complex and feisty in a non-annoying way. And I found myself genuinely moved by this moment near the end:
'To a better planet,' Gram said, and drank the cupful down. 'To a planet where we won't need our friends from Frolix 8.' (190)
Thank you, Philip K. Dick, for existing.
In terms of travel + readings, here are some photos! They are out of order, but I'm too tired to try to figure out how to fix it. So here we go :D


text: sn00pee 0 Posted June 21, 2005 wanted to create some different lowrider paintjobs because i always thought te flames were searched for some nice lowrider murals and i liked this one. Gotta adjust the pic and text. I wish i could make the picture better quality added some more chrome on the side. I will probably try to add more detail to the sides to match the mural. ill prolly try to make a '63 impala paint' so it would have the emblems and stuff like that. Quote Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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Buffet on Table: Week 1 — Combos from Countries
Day 2: Malaysia — Roti Telur with Curry Sauce
We have a really good Penang restaurant near us and they serve delicious roti canai. Unfortunately the curry sauce has chicken in it, so we end up eating just the bread. Penang is a state in Malaysia and is touted as the food capital of Malaysia.
Roti canai is like Kerala parotta but it's much richer and flakier. It's made with all purpose flour and copious amounts of ghee (clarified butter). I couldn't add the recommended amount of ghee as it was waaaaaay too much, so almost halved the quantity and used some vegan butter instead.
Also I used half wholewheat pastry flour for all purpose flour. I really couldn't tell the difference between my roti canai and the one served at the restaurant, except maybe mine were not as greasy 🙂 Serve the roti with potato curry sauce for a delicious meal.
Recipe from here:
Print Recipe
|Prep Time
|810 roti
|10 minutes
|Cook Time
|Passive Time
|30 minutes
|180 minutes
- 1 cup All purpose flour
- 1 cup Whole wheat Pastry flour - (or use 2cups of all purpose flour)
- ¼ cup Ghee butter or softened - +more for rolling (I used Earth Balance vegan )
- to taste Salt
- Combine flour(s), ghee and salt in a mixing bowl. Add enough water and knead the dough into a soft, pliable dough. Cover and let the dough rest for 2~3 hours.
- Divide the dough into 8~10 equal size balls. Roll each one out into a very very thin sheet, as thin as you can by pulling on the edges.
- Spread dough with ghee and sprinkle some flour on top. Fold the edges over like an envelope and roll it out again into a thin rectangular sheet. Repeat this process 2~3 times. Finally roll it out, fold into an envelope.
- Place it on a nonstick skillet and cook till golden on both sides. Serve hot with curry sauce.


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"Trees are necessary for our very existence on this earth, they produce the air we breathe. We build houses with them and create many products that we use everyday with them. What personal role do trees have in your life? Do you have a favorite tree in your yard or one that you walk or drive by frequently? Free write for ten minutes exploring the world of trees."
The park is peaceful silent, as mid-day sun strays,
Walking through foliage, even footsteps —
Can be heard, where branches carve a ceiling cave.
Though the sky is cheerful blue, branches yet,
Make the trails paved, a hollowed place away —
Screaming city lights, and loud conversation met,
With the quiet, the tranquil breath, gifted by trees,
No sadness here, a happy place held dear.
The drifting leaves, paying tole, to dancing wind,
Blowing the rebirth of trees and their seeds far.
Slow lazy walk, furry dog smelling scents, grins.
Curious thing, to see a dog smile, laughing bark.
Nature cradles us, magic trees rekindled.
Hidden we are in treasured lands, our star —
Bright light always near, to show us the path to roam.
Nature's dreamy pause, returns with us to home.
" A Ottava Rima is a poem written in 8-line octives. Each line is of a 10 or 11 syllable count in the following rhyme:
1. one octive poem. abababcc
2. two octive poem. abababcc, dededeff
3. three octive poem. abababcc, dededeff, ghghghii."
Please see Shadow Poetry for more information
©Mandibelle16. (2016) All Rights Reserved.


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The AdventureLink API includes all the necessary methods to find and book a trip. The API consists of six core methods and four lookup functions:
AdventureLink exposes a rich set of functionality for searching our database of trips. Simple "keyword" style queries can be performed, along with more complex queries that include multiple criteria and value ranges. For instance, keyword searching can be combined with minimum and maximum latitude and longitude values to get a list of trips within a specified geographical area. A query to list trips for a particular combination of city and country can also include only promotional offerings, or day trips, or trips that cater to a particular travel style. The available parameters and basics of constructing search queries are detailed below.
The minimal requirement for a Search is an access token, a response type (xml, json, jsonp), a currency id (4 = USD), and a "location" or "query", which can be a place name or a general search term, or in the case of a query a request for a specific type of data. A basic request may look like this:http://api.adventurelink.com/Search?location=france¤cyid=4&type=xml&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2
You can get the results in JSON by changing the "type" to "json":http://api.adventurelink.com/Search?location=france¤cyid=4&type=json&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2
Using the "query" parameter you can either narrow a keyword search or construct a query. For instance, to get cycling trips in France you could do this:http://api.adventurelink.com/Search?location=france&query=primaryactivity:38¤cyid=4&type=xml&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2
Or, if you really only want cycling trips that originate in France, you could do this:http://api.adventurelink.com/Search?query=primaryactivity:38,country:france¤cyid=4&type=xml&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2
"query" will admit a number of parameters. The complete list is:
You can search on ranges as well. The range criteria are pricefrom and priceto (for price), durationfrom and durationto (for trip duration, in days), latfrom and latto (latitude range), lonfrom and lonto (longitude range). For instance, to view all mountain biking trips that are a day long or less:http://api.adventurelink.com/Search?query=primaryactivity:39&durationfrom=0&durationto=1&type=xml&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2
Or, to view all the trips in France that are under $1000 USDhttp://api.adventurelink.com/Search?query=country:france&pricefrom=2&priceto=1000&type=xml&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2¤cyid=4
You can also get a list of only promotional trips; the "promoonly" flag can be combined with any query to return a sub-set of trips with active promotions. To see promotions for trips to Kenya:http://api.adventurelink.com/Search?query=country:kenya&promoonly=true&type=xml&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2¤cyid=4
Searches can also be conducted using latitude and longitude ranges to return a list of trips within a specific geographical bounding box. In order to do this, we must first convert the values to integers using the following formula: [latitude or longitude] * 100000 + (180 * 100000)
For instance, to return all trips between latitude 48.0 and 49.0 and longitude 2.0 and 3.0 we would convert these values as follows:Minimum latitude: 48.0 * 100000 + (180 * 100000) = 22800000
Now we construct our search URL:http://api.adventurelink.com/Search?latfrom=22800000&latto=22900000&lonfrom=18200000&lonto=18300000&type=xml&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2¤cyid=4
The Curated Trips feature can be used to match keywords with hand-picked lists of trips. For instance, if you want to display your five favorite Road Cycling trips, you can create a Curated Trip collection that corresponds to the key word "cycling". In combination with the Search method, this allows the user to display their hand-picked trips at the top of a search result, as both the Search and Curated Trips methods return the same data type.
Curated Trips could be used in several ways. For instance, if you want to show a list of surfing trips with three hand-picked trips at the top, whenever a user searches for "surfing" you could set it up this way:First, display your hand-selected trips: http://api.adventurelink.com/curatedtrips?collectionname=surfing&type=xml&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2¤cyid=4
Or, if you're doing an editorial on surfing and you want a couple of trips to go along with it:http://api.adventurelink.com/curatedtrips?collectionname=surfing&type=xml&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2¤cyid=4
There are many other uses; generally speaking a Curated Trip collection is useful whenever you want to display a list of specific trips.
This method returns detailed information for a trip. There are two trip types -- single-day and multi-day. Each trip type has somewhat unique data:Day Trip: http://api.adventurelink.com/trips/127599/?type=xml&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2¤cyid=4
This method returns a list of currently active promotions for a trip:http://api.adventurelink.com/promotions/?tripid=129983&type=xml&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2¤cyid=4
StartDate and EndDate refer to the period of time when the promotion is active. StartDepartDate and EndDepartDate determine which "departures" (a ticket in the case of a short trip, or a multiday trip) are eligible for the discount. The PromotionTypeID dermines how the promotion is to be applied. If "1", the promotion "Amount" should be applied as a percentage. If "2", the promotion is a flat-rate discount and the "Amount" should be subtracted from each ticket/passenger's booking request. When a booking request is made, the TripPromotionID is passed to the booking service which will automatically compute the discount.
This method is used to retrieve an invoice for a booking. As the customer is charged throughout the booking process, this invoice will be updated as charges are made. An invoice request looks like this:https://api.adventurelink.com/booking/invoice?reservationCode=AD9a8ae101&accesstoken=44d9b1d4-6bfc-11e2-825d-12313d2f1ec2
This link demonstrates an invoice for a booking with two passengers.
This function books a day trip, or anything else requiring a ticket. The request is formatted as follows:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
There is one "ShortTripPassengerInfo" entry per passenger. Travel agents can use the "AgentAddOn" and "ServiceFee" fields (both are optional) to adjust the price per passenger for commissions and service fees. The "SortTripRateId" is essentially a "ticket" id and can be found in the ShortTripRateInfo list obtained as part of the Trip Details data feed for a day trip. This, along with the TripPromotionID, is used by the method to determine the actual price for the ticket.
The service will respond with this message on completing a successful booking:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
For day trips, this ends the booking process. You can view an invoice for the trip by using the Invoice method.
This function is used to book a multi-day trip. The request format is as follows:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
The request and response for booking a multi-day trip are similar, although the transaction process is different. For multi-day trips, a customer is generally charged a deposit amount (this is done after the Tour Supplier approves the booking, which should happen within 72 hours of the order being placed). The customer should then be charged the remaining amount at the conclusion of the trip. This is done using the Make Payment method.
If a successful booking attempt is made, the method will respond with:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
This function is used to make a payment for a specific booking request (as identified by the ReservationCode). The format for a request is:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
The User ID in this method is optional -- the combination of AccessToken and ReservationCode is used to uniquely identify the corresponding booking.
The response for a successful payment looks like:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
This method returns a list of countries recognized by our system. For Search requests, use the full name. For Booking requests, use the two-letter country code.
This method returns a list of Activities and their codes. The Search Service uses the numeric codes for "primaryactivity" and "secondaryactivity" when performing activity searches via the "query" parameter.
This method returns a list of currencies recognized by our system. Use the Id for any method that requires a CurrencyID to get a result with monetary amounts converted to the specified currency.
In this example, a booking request was made with an invalid UserId. The Status Codes are:
|Type of problem
|Description of problem
|General problems with the trip, trip promotions etc...
|Problem with the login (wrong user id, accesstoken...)
|Credit card problems
|Problem with the passenger data (no passengers, no names/surnames...)
|Basic problems (no ip specified...)
|General problems with the trip, trip promotions etc...
|Unknown problem. If this happens you should contact us so that we may inspect it.
These state codes should be used for the "State" field when collecting credit card information.XX - None (use this for all countries besides the United States and Canada)
Feel free to contact us if you have any questions. If you'd like to register for access to our API, please click here.


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Published at Monday, October 07th, 2019 - 08:59:29 AM. Vanity. By Georgette Desforges.
When it comes to shopping for and purchasing a bedroom vanity and bathroom vanity, you need to keep yourself in mind. They need to be functional but also reflect your personal grace and style – so don't be afraid to spend a little. It will be worth it in the end and in the long run.
Wood vanity tops give the most antique looks and have been in great demand in the past few years. The wood used for the wood tops are mahogany, oak, teak etc. In addition to the concrete, ceramic, and wood vanity tops, you will also find tops made out of plastic laminate, stainless steel, and glass.
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INGREDIENTS The very best reason to use Hypoallergenic Bath Soap is the ingredients. Typically handmade soap is made of vegetable oils and butters that are rich in antioxidants, vitamins and nutrients that are essential to healthy skin. I can
Weight : 100 Gm to 5 KG kg
3-15 Days – depending on the method of transportation used.
We can provide you any kind of packing, as per your requirement. You may have Bulk HDPE Sack Packing in 25/50 kilograms size (with LDPE Liner inside), or you may have Retail Pouch Packing (Double Layer Packing: Vacuum sealed LDPE Pouch + Aluminium Foil Pouch) in 25, 50, 100, 200, 250, 500 or 1000 grams size.
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Nine people have died of cholera in Luapula Province since the disease broke out last year.
Health deputy minister Christopher Mulenga said the death occurred from December 2012 to 17th January this year.
He said Ministry of Health officials have since been sent to contain the situation in the province.
"When we have such situation, we open centres and instruct the provincial health offices or immediate interventions including treatment. So from the time, cholera broke out our staff have always been there to contain the situation," he said.
Mulenga said there are a total of 191 cholera patients and that most of them have been discharged while nine have died.


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Designed and Manufactured 100% in USA by American Labor
Click here to jump to Residences Photo Gallery
All Pictures are actual pictures of the one you will receive
Polished Marble Tiles; Arabescato Carrera, Smoke Grey, Galaxy Black, Cappucino, Verona Beige. 3/8" thick Solid Stones.
Easy Install. No Formaldehyde, cadmium, or lead. No thin Veneers. No aluminum backing/Bowing/Corrosion.


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SBIR/STTR programs are the nation's largest source of early stage / high risk R&D funding for small business. At this conference you'll learn how to participate and compete for funding in these two programs that encourage small businesses to engage in Federal Research/Research and Development (R/R&D) and to commercialize your technological innovations.
The Spring National SBIR/STTR Conference will take place June 16-18, 2014, at the Gaylord Hotel and Convention Center at Washington DC National Harbor. At this conference, attendees will learn from senior SBIR/STTR leaders and program experts on how to participate and compete for funding in each of the government's SBIR/STTR programs, which focus specifically on commercializing technological innovations.
This conference will be the year's largest gathering of SBIR/STTR Agencies, industry leaders, veteran SBIR/STTR awardees, and aspiring entrepreneurs, with emphasis on opening the SBIR/STTR pipeline to newcomers.
The NIH SBIR/STTR Program Office and 15 NIH SBIR/STTR Institute and Center (IC) representatives and the Center for Scientific Review (CSR) personnel will be available for one-on-ones. We will have an NIH SBIR/STTR booth and be speaking throughout the conference – more details to come!
Highlights include:
- 1 on 1 meetings with 25+ SBIR Agencies
- 20+ sessions featuring Agencies, SBIR/STTR Awardees, Industry partners, and Program experts
- Pre-Conference Courses on Must-Know Small Business Basics for SBIR/STTR pursuit
- Exhibit Hall featuring SBIR/STTR Agency Pavilion, F1000 Companies, Universities, and SBIR/STTR-Funded Companies.
Early bird registration rate of $395 until April 18 – Register today!
The Gaylord Hotel is also offering discounted room rates for SBIR/STTR Conference Attendees.
The SBIR/STTR Conference is co-located with the National Innovation Summit and TechConnect World Conference & Expo, which features hundreds of business and scientific presentations from around the world. Those interested in attending all 3 conferences can register using the discount code 14SBA100 to receive $100 off the full conference rate.
Please share this information with your networks. We look forward to seeing you at The Gaylord - National Harbor this June!


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Holiday Shop Hop in Uptown Tomorrow
'Tis the season for my favorite shopping event in Uptown, Grand Rapids: Holiday Shop Hop! The holiday season feels so magical in Uptown and I can't get enough of the adorable shops, boutiques, restaurants, breweries and of course – the glitzy, creative decorations that come out for Shop Hop!
Uptown has four different business districts – East Hills, East Fulton, Eastown and Wealthy Street – you can visit this Thursday from 4-10pm; all boasting unique shops to pick up some wonderful holiday gifts. Learn more about the neighborhoods, districts and businesses in Uptown here.
The past year has been an exponentially great one for Grand Rapids and for Uptown – the tourism is up, community engagement and involvement is helping the neighborhoods to fulfill planned initiatives and we have quite a few new businesses that joined the ranks since last year's Shop Hop.
Some of the new businesses that you should stop in for this year's event are:
- Louise Earl Butcher in the Wealthy Street business district
- Books & Mortar in the East Hills business district
- Lightfast Coffee Bar + Art Collective in the East Fulton business district
- D'arts Donuts in the Eastown business district
View the full list below of participating businesses and what each one is offering from shopping discounts to some free sips and snacks for tomorrow's event:
There is a free shuttle service to take you from one district to the next. Use the map below to reference pickup and drop off locations (maps will be available at participating businesses in Uptown and from volunteers working the event tomorrow).
It does look like a bit of rain is to be expected tomorrow with chillier temperatures when the sun sets so make sure to dress for the weather and bring an umbrella.
Stay up to date with Uptown through Instagram and Facebook. Tag #GrabGR and #shophop2016 to catalogue all of your adventures.
Come on up and visit this thriving part of Grand Rapids! Happy Shop Hopping!


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Ark: Survival Evolved Taming Calculator
Ark: Survival Evolved Taming Calculator
4 points Utility
Breed for the boss fights so you can knock back minions
More Mammoth Utility Tips
1763 points Utility
As of early 2017, the mammoth now can carry wood at 12.5 weight per stack, which is now better than a beaver. Like so others may see
545 points Utility
A mammoth can FLY. Quetzal + Mammoth can gather thousands of wood in minutes. Attack while a tribe/alliance mate flys you though an area with trees
15 points Utility
The mammoth already has a platform saddle in ark mobile but you have to buy the engram with real money. Click the up arrow if you want to help convince wildcard to add it into all versions of ark fully including ark mobile for free!!! Help start the petition revolution!!!!
219 points Utility
Mammoth needs a platform saddle!
208 points Utility
New Patch brings a buff to our favourite furry friend. Now Mammoth have a 75% weight reduction of all wood in it's inventory.


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This recipe for Crispy Garlic Potato Roast is a really simple and different way to roast potatoes. The potatoes in this recipe take on the flavors beautifully – The perfect side dish
When roasted, garlic has a nutty sweetness to it that really makes this dish. The roasted garlic combined with a generous amount of fresh parsley and extra virgin olive oil really perfects this dish.
I know it looks like an awful lot of work, but it really can be put together in twenty minutes. It looks and impressive and it's always a real crowd-pleaser!
This foolproof recipe will ensure even first-timers get crispy tops and fluffy insides. With this dish, you can make sure your potatoes are perfect for Sunday dinner or even a holiday side dish. If you prefer the more traditional, my Perfect Crispy Roast Potatoes are an equally pleasing offering for any family dinner.
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- 3 tablespoons unsalted butter, melted
- 3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
- 4 pounds russet potatoes, peeled and thinly sliced
- 4 cloves garlic, thinly sliced lengthwise
- coarse salt and fresh ground pepper
- A handful of fresh parsley, chopped.
- Preheat oven to 375 f/190c.
- In a small bowl, combine butter and oil.
- Brush bottom of a round Large baking dish with some of the butter/oil mixture.
- Arrange potato slices around the dish slightly overlapping slightly.
- Wedge the garlic throughout.
- season well with salt and pepper
- Brush with remaining butter/oil mixture.
- Bake 1-1⁄4 hours. Sprinkle the parsley evenly over the dish bake until potatoes are cooked through with a crisp top, about 15 minutes more.


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Remember when you go for your first visit to write down the things you want to ask
and bring: - A pain log in which you keep up with the times of the day that the pain is worse, how long did it last,
how many days are you in pain, and on a scale of one to ten rate your pain. - Also keep up all the medications that you
have taken, and how they effected you. - A list of all the drugs that you are allergic, or have reactions to. - Names,
addresses, and telephone numbers of any doctors that you have seen. - Any records from your doctor such as tests, procedures,
treatments, etc... - List of any questions that you may have. Remember that your first visit is the most important.
Make a list of all the things that you want to ask the doctor,and bring any information that will help to prove what you are
telling the doctor. Remember that he/she does not know you in most cases, so the more information that you can bring to prove
that you are hurting the better the chances are for you to get off to a good start with your physician.
I can not stress enough that communication between
you and your doctor is one of the most important tools that you have to work with.
Web-sitePain Management and IC, by Dr. Daniel Brookoff, http://www.ic-network.com/handbook/brookoff.html


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The new GrimeStoppers site will be live August 2016 when an ambitious project to empower children to influence hygiene standards in all communities around the world will commence across Australia. This will be the beginning of what is envisaged to become an initiative in every country throughout the world.
The success of the initiative will depend on principals, teachers and parents encouraging our children and giving them a voice within our community.
The 'GrimeStoppers' are a group of children from Earth who have been selected by the Celestial Guardians from the Intergalactic Health Council to carry out a very important mission. Adult Earthlings have failed to protect the world from the invasion of super germs, bacteria and viruses. Now it is up to the children to band together to save the world from infection by fighting the spread of disease with soap, water and good hygiene practices.
5000 children each day are dying which could have been prevented by just washing their hands regularly with soap and water. The 'GrimeStoppers' around the world are now banding together forming The Legions of Defense ensuring all have the protection that soap and water gives to save lives.
Our children become the social conscience of all of us within the community that know that we should wash our hands. But clearly it is not practiced nor provided for enough.
Through the game the children will be empowered to be the community hygiene warriors demanding of governments and community leaders that all have access to soap both in our schools and public facilities.
They will undertake to look after other children's hygiene needs through the Adopt a School Program. They will name toilets that do not have soap and bring it to the attention of the community through the Dob In A Loo (DIAL) program.
Children are one of the most influential elements in a parent's life. Even if you don't have a child people are generally an Auntie or an Uncle or have friends who have them. With children being such powerful motivators there is a belief, by the foundation, that the children of the world can bring about a change and increase hand hygiene compliance within the community. This is achievable through a game and the belief that they as GrimeStoppers are on a mission to save the world by simply having everybody use soap and water.
Our children will become the face and the voice of the Children's Global Hygiene Foundation engaging through media and awareness campaigns to increase hand hygiene compliance both within their own local community and overseas.
Have your children join and become a GrimeStopper in The Legion of Defense and be a part of the biggest global movement for change the world has ever seen.
REGISTER YOUR INTEREST AT email@example.com


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Marcia Hillis is a painter who has been living and working in Brooklyn for over twenty-five years. She is currently working on a project to exhibit her recent series "Astronauts and Bond girls" next year in Havana, Cuba. She has traveled there twice before and is thrilled to serve as an art "ambassador" to help bridge the gap between the US and Cuba.


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Adoration with Yr 4/5/6 on the Feast of the Sacred Heart 2018
CAFOD Fish and Chip Supper and quiz for adults, DVD and popcorn for children. What a fun evening. CAFOD was the biggest winner! Thank you to everyone who came and supported the event. What a success!
CAFOD Harvest Fast Day September 2016
Brighten up this Harvest
To help build a brighter world and make a difference to the lives of others.
We supported CAFOD this year by holding our Harvest Festival Service and Market. Children came to school brightly dressed and brought fresh produce so that the new School Council could sell it to parents and parishioners after our Harvest Service. We raised a fantastic £202 thanks to the generosity of our parents, staff and children. Thank you!
Boxes of dried and tinned food were donated to the Wantage and Didcot Food Banks.
We aimed to carry out one of the Corporal Acts of Mercy- Give food to the hungry.
Each class contributed to our Harvest Service. Our CAFOD schools volunteer Mrs Oldham, led the CAFOD assembly.
Sion Mission Week -April 2017
LENT 2016 Make a Splash
During Lent we rose to the challenge of raising money for CAFOD Fast Day in a fun way. Each adult and child carried a full bucket of water as a relay for one mile (four times around our field). We though about the struggle for some children who have to walk miles to get water every day!
We aimed to carry out one of the Corporal Acts of Mercy- Give drink to the thirsty.
We raised £261.


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IN a bid to woo Muslims, Mulayam Singh Yadav Sunday said if voted to power, his party would ensure amendments are made in the Constitution for their reservation and said only the SP could prevent Narendra Modi from becoming the Prime Minister.
"Muslamano ne desh ko banaya hai aur musalamano ke liye sanvidhan mein sanshodhan karke arakshan diya jayega (Muslims have made this country, and for Muslims, amendments would be made in the Constitution for their reservation)," the SP supremo said at Government Inter-College Grounds in Etah.
While addressing another election rally backing Akshay Yadav, son of SP national general secretary Ram Gopal Yadav, he said, "Only the SP could prevent Modi from becoming the PM."
Mulayam said Modi claims that the SP was "spying on BJP people but in reality BJP people were themselves informing him about everything". He also hit out at Modi saying his development claims in Gujarat are all lies.
Claiming that there was internal split in the BJP, Mulayam said the BJP would never be able to touch the figure of 272 seats in the Lok Sabha elections. He exuded confidence that the third front would form the next government at the centre and the SP would get the highest number seats in LS.
Attacking the Congress, he said its leaders speak in English, but seek vote in Hindi during poll campaigns.
The SP chief also took a dig at Union minister and Congress leader P Chidambaram, saying he was afraid of contesting polls.
Addressing an election rally in Hathras, Mulayam said it would be decided after the elections as to who would be the Prime Minister in the third front government.
The former defence minister accused the UPA government of failing to provide adequate facilities to soldiers on the border. With parties in UP trying to woo Muslim voters, he claimed the SP enjoyed the support of 80 per cent members of the community in the state.


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Here at GYO, we really wanted to help you find your inner dragon, and you can't always do that alone. Browse the listings below to find other players and opportunities to play, and don't be shy about sending a message to group up.
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I believe that whether we want to read a book or not, mostly, we should have the right to read it. And as I thought of all the banned books, I considered what they might have in common. My thought is that they take us places that make us uncomfortable, places we may not agree with or even like, but if we choose to read, they all make us think.
I'll be giving away a paperback copy of Gone with the Wind to one lucky winner. To enter, just leave a comment or like me on facebook or do both, for a grand total of two entries.
What are you reading as summer officially becomes fall?


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Object-oriented Programming in JavaScript - ES6
By Mark Zamoyta
Course info
Course info
ES6 is a major upgrade to JavaScript, offering a new syntax for creating objects and working with inheritance. If you want to stay up to date with the JavaScript programming language, you need to watch this course! In this course, Object-oriented Programming in JavaScript - ES6, you will learn this new syntax and create many different kinds of classes. You'll learn all the features of JavaScript classes including working with constructors, prototypes, inheritance, and simulating public, private, and static members. Next, you'll create classes for regular business objects, virtual objects which you want to extend, a data service, and user interface components. Finally, you'll go step by step through the creation of a sample object-oriented web application. When you're finished with this course, you will have a strong understanding of ES6, and how t use classes and modules to develop software using modern programming techniques.
Section Introduction Transcripts
Course Overview
Hi everyone, my name is Mark Zamoyta, and welcome to my course Object-oriented Programming in JavaScript - ES6. I am a freelance software consultant and developer in Santa Barbara, California. Many object-orietned patterns emerged in the ES5 version of JavaScript, but now in ES6 we have a new syntax to create classes and objects. In this course we are going to learn to work with classes and modules. This will be done the ES6 way. We'll be coding classes for many different types of objects. Classes for regular business objects, classes which can be extended, used for inheritance, a data service class to hold all of our application's data, user interface classes, and we'll create a class to hold an entire web application. By the end of this course, you'll have lots of experience working with classes and modules in the latest version of JavaScript. We'll even create a simple application made solely from ES6 classes. Before beginning this course, you should be familiar with fundamental JavaScript development. Don't worry if object-oriented programming is new to you, since we'll be starting from step 1 when it comes to object-oriented techniques. I hope you'll join me on this journey to learn modern programming with the object-oriented programming in JavaScript ES6 course at Pluralsight.


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Walden knows a targeted rate is the only way he can ever make good on delivering promises he has so far failed to keep, like a swimming pool. I explained this in a blog over three years ago, after Walden had decided to ditch the process whereby Auckland Council would pay for a community pool, the only viable alternative for the island. Instead he opted to go it alone with a school pool, paid for through rates but denying access for ratepayers during school hours.
He is apparently still at odds with the community's own Swimming Pool Committee who want a swimming pool on Council, not school, land so that the community has access as well as the schools. Either way, rates would go through the roof to pay for the enterprise.
An independent report commissioned by Walden and Auckland Council's own assessment commissioned by the first Waiheke Local Board both report the building cost will be $5-7million, probably more now that another three years has elapsed. There are approximately 5000 rateable properties on the island so each property would be targeted rated between $1000 and $1400 to pay for the building. Even if this is defrayed over 10 years the annual target rate would be around $200 by the time interest costs are taken into account.
But that is only the thin end of the wedge. Ongoing maintenance would be around $500,000 to a $1million each year, so add another $100 or $200 on top. The average rate bill on the island is around $3000. Add $300-400 on top and you've got 10% plus rates rises to add to Auckland Council's rates every year. Then there's the entrance fee to pay on top of that. Walden will want his children to have free access.
These spiralling rates will affect renters as well as homeowners as rents will have to rise by 10%pa.
Walden is well known for wasting ratepayers' money and is the last person on Earth who should be entrusted with being able to tax the community. He has squandered millions already during his four year tenure as Board Chair by undertaking such vanity projects as the bridle bridge to nowhere for his horses, the bridle path to nowhere for his horses and a car park outside the home of his mentor, hard left Green Party List MP Denise Roche. He has diverted funding meant for infrastructure into the trust funds of his favourite groups without any tangible benefits for the community as a whole.
It would be a very sad day for Waiheke if Walden becomes a Tax Gatherer was well as a Tax Spender.
Associated Links:
Targeted rate looms to pay for Waiheke school pool
Targeted rate for Waiheke causes a stink


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"Fever/Dream " by Sheila Callaghan, directed by Lainie Vansant.
Segis is yanked out of his dismal corporate dungeon one day, only to discover that he is the heir to a major business empire. Join us for this quirky, magical, modern-day journey through Pedro Calderón de la Barca's Spanish golden age classic, "Life is a Dream."
7:30 p.m.: Oct. 31 – Nov. 3
2 p.m.: Nov 4
Rhynsburger Theatre
MU Theatre information:
Tickets are $16 and can be purchased online or at the box office.
MU Theatre box office in the Rhynsburger Theatre lobby
from 2-5 pm, Mon. – Fri and one hour before show times.
Or by calling 573-882-PLAY (7529) and online at theatre.missouri.edu
EARLY BIRD DISCOUNTS: $2 discount on tickets purchased one week or more ahead of show at box office. Early Bird discount is not available online or by phone. Group discounts available only at the Rhynsburger box office, please call (573) 882-PLAY (7529).
The Rhynsburger Theatre
505 Hitt St.
Columbia, MO 65211