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Texas Race Thrills Helio, But Not Others
By John Sturbin | Senior Writer
Fort Worth, Texas – Helio Castroneves became a three-time IndyCar Series winner at Texas Motor Speedway on a Saturday night featuring a curious caution flag, a flawless pit stop and some clinical criticism about the quality of racing.
That latter issue – raised post-race by runner-up Ryan Briscoe and third-place Scott Dixon – has the potential to resurface at the four 1.5-mile layouts remaining on the 2009 schedule. For now, there's no arguing that Castroneves is the new open-wheel boss on TMS' 1.5-mile quadoval, where he joined former Team Penske teammate Sam Hornish Jr. as a three-time event winner of the Bombardier Learjet 550k.
"I have no reason not to smile, man," said Castroneves, two weeks removed from his third career victory in the Indianapolis 500 and a title contender despite missing the season-opener. "Actually, it's a big reason. Hey, life is too short, I have to say. I'm doing what I love to do, so that's why I'm smiling all the time."
Briscoe, who led a race-high 160 of 228 laps, was working on a lead of 0.1753 seconds over Castroneves when native Texan A.J. Foyt IV slammed the SAFER Barrier in Turn 2 to bring out the night's third caution on Lap 173. With the help of a six-second stop by his crew, Castroneves ambushed Briscoe by winning the race off of pit road. Briscoe and Dixon followed Castroneves out but never seriously challenged the Brazilian, who went on to a margin of victory of 0.3904 seconds.
"It feels fantastic," said Castroneves, who led the race's final 53 laps in his No. 3 Team Penske Dallara/Honda. "The No. 3 crew gave me that (win). The last pit stop, they put me ahead. Ryan was doing an incredible job. Those guys won the Pit Stop Competition at Indy. These guys are incredible again. Toward the end I said,'Pedal to the metal, let's drive like I stole it.' "
Briscoe likely was thinking the same after what he politely described as a "frustrating result."
"Probably one of the most frustrating I've experienced," said Briscoe, who didn't take much consolation in the fact he emerged as the championship leader by three points (199-196) over Dixon. "You know, we just got caught out on that last yellow there."
Even more telling, however, was the night's second caution on Lap 150 for what was listed on the Official Box Score as "Debris: in Turns 1 & 2." Five laps earlier, Briscoe had stretched his lead over Marco Andretti to a whopping 10.3434 seconds. Briscoe was turning it into a rout in search of his second win of 2009, when the debris caution brought him back to the pack.
"Yeah, I didn't see any debris," said Briscoe, driver of the No. 6 Dallara/Honda. "That's what killed us. We really built up a big lead. The car was awesome over the long runs. Then just in the pits, you know, we got beat by Helio. It wasn't because we did a slow pit stop or anything. It's a very tight pit box there. Pit-out has a bit of advantage. Doesn't change the strategy. We're still trying to win. Just didn't have enough to get the lead at the end." Castroneves had the luxury of pitting in the No. 1 slot at the end of pit road via owners' points.
Castroneves backed-up his teammate on the curious debris call, which had the smell of a NASCAR competition yellow. "Yeah, I didn't see anything," said Castroneves, who earned his 16th IndyCar Series victory and the fifth at TMS for car-owner Roger Penske, tying him with John Barnes of Panther Racing.
"In those points, you got to trust the call," Castroneves said. "You can never know what there is, if there is debris, if there is something that might affect and put somebody in dangerous. But I didn't see anything. I just trust those guys (IndyCar officials). Sometimes there are situations like that. You're in the lead, you don't want to see any yellow. Been in that situation as well. But there is nothing we can do. We have to trust safety, because safety is always first."
By Lap 200, Castroneves had stretched his lead over Briscoe to 0.2358 seconds. On lap 215, the advantage was up to 0.4516 seconds.
"After I came out of the pits behind him (on Lap 175), my first objective was to try to pass him on the restart," said Briscoe, who led 154 of 225 laps at The Milwaukee Mile last Sunday en route to a second-place finish behind Dixon. "So I tried that for a couple of laps. But I just couldn't get it done around the outside. It was so evenly matched. Trying to go around the outside just wasn't working tonight.
"Scott was right there behind us. I didn't want to lose any position to him. So I opted to tuck in behind Helio for a while and just try to stay single file, which is definitely quicker, then have another couple of go's later on. That's kind of how we played-out. We caught some lapped traffic. Scott got caught out a little bit. It gave me the opportunity to try to attack a little bit more. But just didn't have enough speed to get around Helio at the end."
Dixon, who won this event last year, said that while his No. 9 Target Chip Ganassi Racing car was "decent at best," he couldn't match Briscoe's pace.
"I think when you got close to people you were matched up with in speed," Dixon said, "there was no such thing as 'racing,' it was follow-the-leader, you could draft up. As Ryan mentioned, you couldn't use the high line like you used to be able to around here. All the cars, I think, wherever they're placed in the race, are so close on the speed that you just can't do anything. Maybe they (IndyCar officials) need to look at opening up the rules a little bit more so we can have a bit of racing here again."
The race produced seven lead changes among four drivers – Briscoe, Castroneves, pole-sitter Dario Franchitti and Ed Carpenter, who finished ninth on a night when only nine cars remained on the lead lap.
"I'm disappointed for the fans in particular because Texas is supposed to be exciting racing," said Carpenter, driver of the No. 20 Menards/Vision Racing Dallara/Honda. "And unfortunately, the cars are too similar now and it weakened the product."
Recall that Carpenter is driving for a team co-owned by his mother, Laura, and stepfather Tony George – founder of the Indy Racing League. Think these comments made for stimulating family conversation on Sunday morning?
"I've never seen this race turn into a one-groove track before," said Carpenter, who quietly has three top-10 results in six races this season. "We want to put on a good show, and I'm afraid this was not it. You couldn't pass and you couldn't pass guys that were a lap down. It doesn't take much of a block and suddenly you find yourself running behind lapped cars all night long. It turned into a fuel-strategy, track- position, no-passing race and no one wants that. This is a place you should be able to drive from the back to the front, and unfortunately, it is just not that way right now."
Saturday's event was the 20th IndyCar Series show run at TMS, dating to June 1997. It was also the 13th edition of what TMS president Eddie Gossage has dubbed "America's Original Nighttime IndyCar Race." Hornish holds the track record for closest IndyCar finish – 0.0096 seconds over Castroneves in the Chevy 500k on Sept. 15, 2002. The closest finish in June saw Scott Sharp edge Robby McGehee by 0.0590 seconds in the Casino Magic 500k on June 11, 2000 – when the track was beginning to build its reputation for pack and side-by-side racing.
Dixon cited rules changes implemented since in an effort to slow the cars and prevent a NASCAR-style "big one" involving not only drivers but also fans as a factor.
"I think over the last years, they've (IndyCar officials) definitely tightened them (rules) up," said Dixon, who posted his third podium finish in the last four races. "You used to be able to run a lot of different things, even down to mirrors. You have to specify your mirrors. Wheelbase is the same. Used to be a lot more options. I think that opened up where people were quite quick maybe for the first half of the stint, then others would be quicker towards the end. Now you're just running flat-out the whole time. I think Honda does a fantastic job to keep all the engines extremely close. But the racing used to be a lot better around here.
"I don't know if they need to maybe trim the cars out. The cars are going a lot slower now. I remember when I first came here (2003), we were running 223s. Now we're down to 210s in the race. I think we need to open a few things up and see how it works. I know it's a growing process with the series and the drivers. But I think at the moment it just doesn't put on the show it should and has done before."
Briscoe agreed with Carpenter that the current rules package has made the track a one-groove layout. "It's not that the outside line wasn't working," Briscoe said. "It's just that the bottom line worked so well. It's so easy to run the bottom line. You really set the car up to run the bottom line. It's a lot shorter distance. So when you run the high line, you end up just doing a longer distance and can't gain any advantage.
"It's become quite an engineering exercise. It's about, first of all, making the car as easy to drive as possible, make it turn. Tonight I had a great car where I could really keep my foot down and go for it."
Dixon said neither he nor Briscoe was suggesting that the cars are "easy" to drive. "Your grandma couldn't get in and go out there," Dixon said. "But it's too even, I think.
"The problem now is you're fighting track distances. Your speed equalizer is such that the person on the bottom probably travels a ton shorter in feet, then that transpires obviously to average speed. It used to be different. When you got a guy pinned on the bottom, maybe you had to lift sometimes. The cars were quicker. When you ran up-top, it would maybe run a bit freer, you could carry more speed around the whole track consistently, finish a pass.
"Traffic is still a bit of a tough part, obviously. You can run the bottom part of the track all day long. When you have to get up top, run across some of the different bumps, maybe it's not as grippy up there. That definitely makes it exciting. I made a few mistakes running high and lost a bit of ground, especially towards the end when I kind of got moved up there. It makes it tough."
Castroneves, who led Team Penske to its first 1-2 finish of the season, said he understood the frustration of Briscoe and Dixon under the IRL's version of NASCAR's "level playing field" philosophy.
"Well, obviously, they don't think the race is good. They finished behind me," said Castroneves, fourth in points and only 13 behind Briscoe (199-186) with 11 races remaining. "Don't blame them. But one thing I have to say, I mean, these cars, since 2003, same car, same design, so everybody already learned the small details, the tricks. And once you're running speed very close to each other, it's not everybody's fault. It's just the way people develop, all the secrets that you have becoming revealed after many years.
"So it's things like that that you can't predict and you cannot stop. Especially with the IRL rules becoming more limited, it makes everybody even. So it's becoming very important (things) like pit stop competition. Pit stop is basically becoming a key to win races, and all of those little details. So it's not about the track, because you guys saw how many close race we had before. Just because it's so many years with the same cars that it gives everybody the same equipment and same speed."
File these arguments away for when the series visits its remaining 1.5s – Kentucky Speedway on July 1, and the three-race, season-closing stretch at Chicagoland Speedway on Aug. 29, Twin Ring Motegi in Japan on Sept. 19 and Homestead-Miami Speedway on Oct. 10.
All that controversy did not prevent Andretti from registering a season-high fourth at the expense of Andretti Green Racing teammate Danica Patrick. The two raced in lockstep from Lap 210 to 220, when Marco used the high line to pass Danica for good.
"The toughest people out there passing me are my teammates, and I don't get that," said Andretti, driver of the No. 26 Team Venom Energy Dallara/Honda. "I think three out of four of us get what the camaraderie of Andretti Green Racing is."
Patrick wound up sixth in her No. 7 Boost Mobile/Motorola car, one spot behind Franchitti in the No. 10 Energizer Dallara/Honda fielded by Ganassi Racing.
And Danica took the high side with Marco's remark. "All weekend we had a strong car, and then during the race the steering became really heavy," said Patrick, who saw a string of four consecutive top-five finishes snapped. "It just wasn't the car we started with. I wish we could have had a top-five finish, but Marco passed me at the end fair-and-square."
The other lead-lap finishers were Dan Wheldon in the No. 4 National Guard Panther Racing entry in seventh; Tony Kanaan in the No. 11 Team 7-Eleven car in eighth and Carpenter in ninth. Robert Doornbos, who placed 11th, was the highest finishing rookie in the No. 06 Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing Dallara/Honda.
– John Sturbin can be reached at email@example.com Comment


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The Art of Presentation
By ray h. hull, phd & Jim stovall
the art of Presentation
In The Art of Presentation, the second book of the new Jim Stovall and Dr. Ray Hull Your Ultimate Guide series for personal development and business success, the authors use their decades of combined experience, research, and natural abilities to powerfully illustrate the specifics of effective public speaking.
Read this book to learn more about:
- Public speaking as a performance art
- World-changing speakers of the past
- Contemporary, influential public speakers
- Preparing a presentation
- The art of using a microphone
- Speaking tips and techniques
- Elements of a speech
- The art of stage presence
- Business speaking
- Concluding the speech to make an impact
Stovall's revealing stories mixed with Dr. Ray Hull s straightforward, factual approach combine to make this a must-read for businesspeople, salespeople, entrepreneurs, teachers, pastors, academics, and anyone wanting to improve their public speaking abilities.
jim stovall
Jim Stovall has enjoyed success as an author, athlete, investment broker, and entrepreneur while dealing with the challenge of blindness. During his remarkable life, Jim has been a national champion Olympic weightlifter, as well as the author of more than 30 books. In addition to his personal achievements, Jim was honored as the 2000 International Humanitarian of the Year, joining Jimmy Carter, Nancy Reagan, and Mother Teresa as a recipient of this prestigious award.
As co-founder and president of the Emmy Award-winning Narrative Television Network (NTN), Jim has also helped make movies and television accessible for America's 13 million blind and visually impaired people and their families.
Jim Stovall can be reached at 918-627-1000 or at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Ray H. hull, phd
Ray H. Hull, PhD brings over twenty-five years of experience in training those who desire success in public speaking, speech clarity, voice enhancement, and professional image/style and etiquette.
His education includes a BA in Communications and Drama–McPherson College; an MBA in Communications Disorders–University of South Dakota; and a PhD in Neurosciences of communication–University of Denver. Besides teaching public speaking with over 300 public appearances in the U.S. and other countries to large and small audiences; successful theatrical experience, and professional radio and television production and on-microphone/camera experience to those who he instructs.
Dr. Hull can be reached at 316-978-3271 or email@example.com.

subset: commoncrawl


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Draco-Elf (4e Race)
From D&D Wiki
The result of a trace of dragon in an elf's blood.
|Racial Traits
|Average Height: 5'9"-6'5"
|Average Weight: 150-210 lb.
|Ability Scores: +2 Intelligence, +2 Dexterity or Charisma
|Size: Medium
|Speed: 7 squares
|Vision: Low-Light
|Languages: Common, Draconic, Elven
|Skill Bonuses: +2 History, +2 Acrobatics or Arcana
|Draconic Heritage: Your healing surge value is equal to one-quarter of your maximum hit points plus your Constitution modifier.
|Dragon Breath: You can use Dragon Breath as a daily power.
|Wild Step: Ignore difficult terrain when you shift (even if you have a power that allows you to shift multiple squares).
|Dual Heritage: You can take feats that have either elf or dragonborn as a prerequisite (as well as those specifically for draco-elves), as long as you meet any other requirements.
Born to one parent being an elf and the other being half elf and half dragon, these creatures are great in a hand-to-hand fight and with magic. Only now coming into being as a race, they fit in better than their half-dragon counterparts
Play a Draco-Elf if you want...
- To be lithe like elf with the toughness of a dragon.
- To have elemental power at the tip of your tongue
- To be a member of a race that favors the fighter, ranger, rogue, warlord, and wizard classes.
Physical Qualities[edit]
Draco-elves take on the base shape of their elven form. They have leather and almost scaly skin, long, tough nails ,slitted eyes,and may have horns thanks to their dragonblood.Less common traits such as Wings and an tail are rare but not unheard depending on the individual . Draco-elfs have the potential to be able to tap into the ancient power of their bloodline to assume a look more like their dragon ancestors.There have even been tales of Draco-elfs with the strongest blood being able to shift into a true dragon form briefly ,but records of such acts have been few in history and believed to be rumors.
Playing a Draco-Elf[edit]
Honor and tradition is what they seek. Defending their families and friends, they will defend and in extreme cases, avenge the people. They have no patience for what does not entertain them. If they are with a lover, and not having fun, they will leave like their elven sides would.
Draco-Elf Characteristics: Strong and brave, loyal to a fault and avengers. Fast and nimble but powerful in a fight.
Male Names: Elf or Dragonborn names
Female Names: Elf or Dragonborn names
Draco-Elf Adventurers[edit]
Three sample Draco-Elves adventurers are described below.
Vladimeir is a draco-elf Warlord and devout worshiper of Tiamat, god of evil dragon-kind. When a swarm of orcs came and decimated his village, Vladimeir vowed vengeance. Thus started the Orcen-wars.
Balasar, Fighter of legend. Bards sing tales of this avenger. His blade is made from the sternum of his grandmother and his armor is made from the scales of the copper great wyrm known as Ugilanistorda.
Salren, the ascendant wizard; once meant nothing to anyone, now uses his power to spread well-being amongst townsfolk. When first found, he was passed out on a desert dune, had it not been for his Draconic part, he would surely have died of heat stroke.
Draco-Elf Feats[edit]
|Draconic Flight
|Gain a speed of Fly 6 (clumsy)
Back to Main Page → 4e Homebrew → Races


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East Kilbride Physiotherapist
Are you suffering from muscular pain or recovering from a sporting injury or surgery? At East Kilbride Fitness & Wellbeing Gym our physiotherapy experts specialise in range of physio treatments to help get you back to your best. Book online today!
Your initial 45-minute appointment involves an assessment and treatment. We assess your pain and symptoms to determine the cause of these symptoms, then recommend a treatment plan for you and begin this treatment. Follow-up appointments are 30 minutes. Your physiotherapist will advise how many appointments you will need but you can stop treatment at any time.
Non Member£65/£40Initial Assessment - 45 minutes / Follow Up - 30 minutes
Members£52/£32Initial Assessment - 45 minutes / Follow Up - 30 minutes
What is Physiotherapy?
Physiotherapy is a profession whose aim is to encourage and support the return to normal following illness, surgery, disease or trauma. It can be effective in the treatment of a range of muscle, joint and nerve conditions.
Physiotherapists at Nuffield Health East Kilbride Fitness & Wellbeing Gym use a wide range of techniques such as manual therapy and exercise prescription to maintain health for people of all ages, helping patients to manage pain and prevent disease.
Our Physiotherapy team are all experienced clinicians, members of the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy and are registered with the Health Professions Council. So you can relax in the knowledge you're in the hands of the experts.
We can offer expertise in upper limb and hand rehabilitation, pain management programmes and post-surgical recovery. Many of our therapists are also trained in Pilates, Acupuncture and Joint Manipulation, carrying out thorough biomechanical assessments to enhance and optimize function.
We provide comprehensive assessments and treatments tailored to your exact needs. Your Physio will look at your medical history and carry out a thorough physical examination to determine the best course of action.
Pricing, appointment times in East Kilbride
- Appointments available: Monday: 13:00 - 19:00, Wednesday: 10:30 - 21:00, Friday: 07:30 - 18:00
- Clinical Pilates times: Monday: 17:00 - 18:00, Thursday: 09:00 - 10:00
- Initial assessment: £65 non-member / £52 member (45 minutes)
- Follow up appointment: £40 non-member / £32 member (30 minutes)
How are Nuffield Health East Kilbride different to other physiotherapy clinics?
- Nuffield Health Fitness & Wellbeing Gym Members receive a 20% discount off their physiotherapy treatment
- Free gym trial available during your physiotherapy treatment
- We are also approved by most major private medical insurers.
At Nuffield Health East Kilbride Fitness & Wellbeing Gym, we also offer:
4 The Boardwalk, Stroud Road, East Kilbride, G75 OYW


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"For the love of Christ controls us, because we have concluded this: that one has died for all, therefore all have died; and he died for all, that those who live might no longer live for themselves but for him who for their sake died and was raised." - II Corinthians 3:14-15
It is our desire at Grace Church to continue to faithfully steward the resources God has entrusted to our church and to continue to protect and proclaim the gospel which has been entrusted to us.
We are on a mission to glorify God by making disciples in Simi Valley and throughout the world. We are excited for the future and invite you to pray with us as we consider the opportunities God is presenting our church to faithfully shepherd those in our midst; to labor to equip the next generation of leaders, and to send them to go and reach the world for Jesus Christ!
One of the ways you can choose to engage and contribute here at Grace is through online giving. To set up your secure online giving account, click below.
If you have any questions, please contact Marshall Walter.


text:
January 24-26, 2020 — Fargo Civic Center
207 4th St N Fargo, ND 58102
Adults $3.00 Children Under 18 FREE
Adults $3.00
Children Under 18 FREE
The Fargo Remodeling Expo, January 24-26, 2020 at the Fargo Civic Center, brings together homeowners and many of the most knowledgeable and experienced remodeling and building experts. Every aspect of the home can be explored, from the smallest design detail to the largest house addition. Professionals will be on hand, sharing their valuable knowledge to bring your ideas to life and inspire new ones.
See the Latest Innovations and Design Trends
Experts will be showcasing everything for the home including the latest in cabinetry and countertops, flooring, sunrooms and additions, basement finishing, waterproofing, smart home automation, energy efficient windows and exterior products, as well as the newest ideas pertaining to landscape installations.
Mark Your Calendar
All of this happens January 24-26, 2020, so make plans to visit the Fargo Civic Center for the Remodeling Expo! This all-encompassing event will put you on the path towards making your dream home a reality.
Kitchens | Bathrooms | Cabinetry | Countertops | Flooring | Additions | Basement Finishing | Waterproofing | Energy Efficient Windows | Exterior Products | Painting | Roofing | Hot Tubs and Spas
Below you'll find a few of our featured exhibitors, plus see many more exhibits at the show!
Little Blind Spot offers a full line of custom window coverings, from blinds and shades to fabric treatments and wood shutters from Hunter Douglas. Little Blind Spot services residential and commercial markets with both interior and exterior window coverings.
Rely on Luxury Bath of Fargo for their affordable bathroom conversion services. They can transform your old bathtub in one day! They specialize in installing acrylic tub liners or acrylic replacement tubs and surrounds that can fit any bathroom.
Open year-round, you will find everything you need for your garden at Baker Garden and Gift. Nearly all of the annual flowers sold are grown at Baker, and the retail gift shop has unique items for you to enjoy in your home and garden.
Northern Stone offers stone countertop installation for homes and businesses of all kinds. Installing stone countertops is a solid long term investment for kitchens, bathrooms, reception areas, bar tops, or anywhere you want to add an aura of luxury and class.
Colonial Concepts Log & Timberframe is 100% Canadian family owned and is one of Canada's leading log home & timberframe manufacturers. Over 30 years of experience in the log & timberframe industry has enabled us to develop the most innovative and technologically advanced log & timberframe system on the market today.
OPP Construction provides many services with the core of their business being concrete paving. Their full-service landscaping division has trained craftsmen and designers to assure the customer gets the best product and experience during and after construction.
Whether you are building your dream home or remodeling, POSS Woodworks & Design is here to take your ideas and transform them into a magnificent space that defines you and the way you live. Let us show you the possibilities
Since 2005, Innovative Basement Systems has had the goal of providing excellent basement and foundation repair service along with giving each customer a great experience. They have cemented ourselves as North Dakota and Minnesota's premier basement and foundation repair contractor.
Kreps Family Farm is a small family farm located north of the Fargo/Moorhead Area. They raise produce, eggs, poultry, swine, goats, & beef cattle. They are your local source of homemade jams & jelly's, breads, pies, baked goods, and picante/salsa.
Bath Planet was created with the intention of helping homeowners obtain top-quality customer service, while avoiding sky-high remodeling prices. Their expert team of technicians is trained and experienced in providing homeowners like you with the quick, affordable renovation services that you deserve.
Minneapolis Home Building & Remodeling Expo


text:
The Duchess is still among us
Parma, the "petite capitol". A duchy city with a noble past, Parma still shows traces of one of its most illustrious characters: Marie Louise of the House of Hapsburg who with her arrival in 1816, left a permanent mark on the city.
The first child of the Emperor of Austria Francis I, she was born in Vienna on December 12, 1791. At the imperial Austrian court, she received a rigorous education, in which the artistic disciplines were given extreme importance. In 1810, her marriage to Napoleon was celebrated in Vienna and, three days later, the young bride moved to Paris. Here, however, she did not fit in, both due to her shyness and her imperfect French, which put her at risk for social gaffes.
On March 20, 1811, a much awaited son was born, who received the title of King of Rome. In 1813, Napoleon named Marie Louise Regent of the Empire: it was the year of his defeat at Leipzig and the beginning of Napoleon's decline. All of the territories under the Republic were invaded by the Allies and Napoleon was forced to give up the thrones of France and Italy. Marie Louise, bewildered by these enormous political tumults, refused to join her husband in Fontainebleau and instead sought refuge in Orleans. In the meantime, the European powers met at the Congress of Vienna and gave her the Duchies of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla.
After having left her son in Vienna, the Duchess took over in her territories on April 20, 1816, taking up residence and her administration in the state of Parma. From that moment, she became the benefactress of her capitol and the protector of its culture and arts.
Her reign can be considered one of the political successes of Austria in Italy during those years: a culturally illuminated woman and sovereign with an open mind, even if she was from the austere court of Hapsburg, she ruled the Duchy commendably, making use of very competent political and administrative collaborations.
And it is in this way that the construction of public works began, such as the Villetta cemetery, the bridges over the Taro and the Trebbia and the Regio Theater. Her determination to make Parma a center of civilization and culture was constant and she patroned many artistic, social and economic initiatives that in the 1700s, under the guide of the minister Guillaume du Tillot, earned the city the nickname "the Athens of Italy."
One of the first decrees under her government was that of April 16, 1816, before her arrival in Parma, regarding the reconstruction and reopening of the Academy of Fine Arts, which had been closed in 1796 and made into a simple painting school.
Another very important step in enriching the arts in the ducal city was the naming, in November of 1820, of Paolo Toschi as the Director of the Galleries and of the Schools of the Academy of Fine Arts. The Duchess wanted all of the masterpieces taken during Napoleon's rule to be returned to their original locations. On March 23, 1820, with a decree, a new civil code was drawn up and published, which definitively ended even the last remaining traces of French rule.
After the movements of 1831, Marie Louise's politics changed: her interventions, even if minor, became more substantial and less just for appearances, as well as being more closely related to the needs of the city. In response to hygienic needs, between 1836 and 1837, in the area of the Ghiaia (a gravel covered square) a complex of Butcheries was build, which brought together all of the meat-selling stores.
Back from a trip to Vienna, Marie Louise died, at the age of fifty six, on December 17, 1847: after her death, not only were her monuments and munificence remembered, but also the tradition in Parma of exalting the humanities can be traced back to her rule.
Even today Parma's people love the "Violetta", the flower symbol of the city and a perfume loved by Marie Louise, flowers that even today decorate her tomb; they also love the "Duchess" cake, a delicious dessert that can be found in all of the best pastry shops of Parma.
The relics, a precious testimony of the life, customs and art of the Duchy from 1748 to 1859, can be admired at the Glauco Lombardi Museum, located inside the Palazzo della Riserva, in front of the Regio Theater.
For information on places to visit:


text:
This document describes some of the ways in which parts of the MIME system, originally designed for electronic mail, have been used in the web, and some of the ways in which those uses have resulted in difficulties. This informational document is intended as background and justification for a companion Best Current Practice which makes some changes to the registry of Internet Media Types and other specifications and practices, in order to facilitate Web application design and standardization.
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on March 27, 2011.
Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.
2. History
2.1. Origins of MIME
2.2. Introducing MIME into the Web
2.3. Distributed Extensibility
3. Problems with application to the Web
3.1. Differences between email and web delivery
3.2. The Rules Weren't Quite Followed
3.3. Consequences
3.4. The Down Side of Extensibility
4. Additional considerations
4.1. There are related problems with charsets
4.2. Embedded, downloaded, launch independent application
4.3. Additional Use Cases: Polyglot and Multiview
4.4. Evolution, Versioning, Forking
4.5. Content Negotiation
4.6. Fragment identifiers
5. Where we need to go
6. Specific recommendations
6.1. Internet Media Type registration
6.2. Sniffing
6.3. Other specifications and BCPs
7. Acknowledgements
8. IANA Considerations
9. Security Considerations
10. Informative References
§ Author's Address
This document was prompted by a set of discussions in the W3C Technical Architecture Group about web architecture and the difficulties surrounding evolution of the web, Internet Media types, multiple specifications for a single media type, and related discussions. The goal of the document is to prompt an evolution within W3C and IETF over the use of MIME (and in particular Internet Media Types) to fix some of the outstanding problems. This is an initial version review and update. The goal is to initially survey the current situation and then make a set of recommendation to the definition and use MIME components (and specifically, Internet Media Types and charset declarations) to facilitate their standardization across Web and Web-related technologies with other Internet applications. Discussion of this document is suggested on the mailing list email@example.com, a mailing list open for subscription to all, archives at http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-tag/.
MIME was invented originally for email, based on general principles of 'messaging', a foundational architecture framework. The role of MIME was to extend Internet email messaging from ASCII-only plain text, to include other character sets, images, rich documents, etc.) The basic architecture of complex content messaging is:
MIME is a "tagging and bagging" specification:
- tagging
- how to label content so the intent of how the content should be interpreted is known
- bagging
- how to wrap the content so the label is clear, or, if there are multiple parts to a single message, how to combine them.
"MIME types" (renamed "Internet Media Types") were part of the tagging -- a name space for describing how to initiate interpretation of a message. The "Internet Media Type registry" (MIME type registry) is where someone can tell the world what a particular label means, as far as the sender's intent of how recipients should process a message of that type, and the description of a recipients capability and ability for senders.
The original World Wide Web (the 0.9 version of HTTP) didn't have "tagging and bagging" -- everything sent via HTTP was assumed to be HTML. However, at the time (early 1990's) other distributed information access systems, including Gopher (distributed menu system) and WAIS (remote access to document databases) were adding capabilities for accessing many things other text and hypertext and the WWW folks were considering type tagging. It was agreed that HTTP should use MIME as the vocabulary for talking about file types and character sets. The result was that HTTP 1.0 added the "content-type" header, following (more or less) MIME. Later, for content negotiation, additional uses of this technology (in 'Accept' headers) were also added.
The differences between the use of Internet Media Types between email and HTTP were minor:
These minor differences have caused a lot of trouble.
The real advantage of using Internet Media Types to label content meant that the web was no longer restricted to a single format. This one addition meant expanding from Global Hypertext to Global Hypermedia (as suggested in a 1992 email (Connolly, D., "Global Hypermedia," Oct 1992.) [connolly92])
|The Internet currently serves as the backbone for a global hypertext. FTP and email provided a good start, and the gopher, WWW, or WAIS clients and servers make wide area information browsing simple. These systems even interoperate, with email servers talking to FTP servers, WWW clients talking to gopher servers, on and on.
|This currently works quite well for text. But what should WWW clients do as Gopher and WAIS servers begin to serve up pictures, sounds, movies, spreadsheet templates, postscript files, etc.? It would be a shame for each to adopt its own multimedia typing system.
|If they all adopt the MIME typing system (and as many other features from MIME as are appropriate), we can step from global hypertext to global hypermedia that much easier.
The fact that HTTP could reliably transport images of different formats, for example, allowed NCSA to add <img> to HTML. MIME allowed other document formats (Word, PDF, Postscript) and other kinds of hypermedia, as well as other applications, to be part of the web. MIME was arguably the most important extensibility mechanism in the web.
Unfortunately, while the use of Internet Media Types for the web added incredible power, several problems have arisen.
Some of the differences between the application contexts of email and web delivery determine different requirements:
Operating systems use using, and continued to evolve to use, different systems to determine the 'type' of something, different from the MIME tagging and bagging:
Information about these other ways of determining type (rather than by the content-type label) were gathered for the Internet Media Type registry; those registering types are encouraged to also describe 'magic numbers', Mac file type, common file extensions. However, since there was no formal use of that information, the quality of that information in the registry is haphazard.
Finally, there was the fact that tagging and bagging might be OK for unilaterally initiated (one-way) messaging, you might want to know whether you could handle the data before reading it in and interpreting it, but the Internet Media Types weren't enough to tell.
The behavior of the community when the Internet Media Type registry was designed haven't matched expectations:
In particular, web implementations of Internet Media Types diverged from expected behavior:
Incorrect senders coupled with liberal readers wind up feeding a negative feedback loop based on the robustness principle.
The result, alas, is that the web is unreliable, in that
This ambiguity and 'sniffing' also applies to packaged content in webapps ('bagging' but using ZIP rather than MIME multipart). (NOTE: NEEDS EXPANSION)
Extensibility adds great power, and allows the web to evolve without committee approval of every extension. For some (those who want to extend and their clients who want those extensions), this is power! For others (those who are building web components or infrastructure), extensibility is a drawback -- it adds to the unreliability and difference of the web experience. When senders use extensions recipients aren't aware of, implement incorrectly or incompletely, then communication often fails. With messaging, this is a serious problem, although most 'rich text' documents are still delivered in multiple forms (using multipart/alternative).
If your job is to support users of a popular browser, however, where each user has installed a different configuration of file handlers and extensibility mechanisms, MIME may appear to add unnecessary complexity and variable experience for users of all but the most popular types.
This section notes some additional considerations.
MIME includes provisions not only for file 'types', but also, importantly the "character encoding" used by text types: for example, simple US ASCII, Western European ISO-8859-1, Unicode UTF8. A similar vicious cycle also happened with character set labels: mislabeled content happily processed correctly by liberal browsers encouraged more and more sites to proliferate text with mis-labeled character sets, to the point where browsers feel they *have* to guess the wrong label. (NEEDS EXPANSION)
There are sites that intentionally label content as iso-2022-jp or euc-jp when it is in fact one of the Microsoft extension charsets (e.g., for access to circled digits. This is an intentional misuse of the definitions of the charsets themselves -- definitions which originated at the national standards body level.
The type of a document might be determined not only for entire documents "HTML" vs "Word" vs "PDF", but also to embedded components of documents, "JPEG image" vs. "PNG image". However, the use cases, requirements and likely operational impact of MIME handling is likely different for those use cases.
There are some interesting additional use cases which add to the design requirements:
Formats and their specifications evolve over time -- some times compatibly, some times not. It is part of the responsibility of the designer of a new version of a file type to try to insure both forward and backward compatibility: new documents work reasonably (with some fallback) with old viewers and that old documents work reasonably with new viewers. In some cases this is accomplished, others not; in some cases, "works reasonably" is softened to "either works reasonably or gives clear warning about nature of problem (version mismatch)."
In MIME, the 'tag', the Internet Media Type, corresponds to the versioned series. Internet Media Types do not identify a particular version of a file format. Rather, the general idea is that the Internet Media Type identifies the family, and also how you're supposed to otherwise find version information on a per-format basis. Many (most) file formats have an internal version indicator, with the idea that you only need a new Internet Media Type to designate a completely incompatible format. The notion of an "Internet Media Type" is very course-grained. The general approach to this has been that the actual Media Type includes provisions for version indicator(s) embedded in the content itself to determine more precisely the nature of how the data is to be interpreted. That is, the message itself contains further information.
Unfortunately, lots has gone wrong in this scenario as well -- processors ignoring version indicators encouraging content creators to not be careful to supply correct version indicators, leading to lots of content with wrong version indicators.
Those updating an existing Internet Media Type registration to account for new versions are admonished to not make previously conforming documents non-conforming. This is harder to enforce than would seem, because the previous specifications are not always accurate to what the Internet Media Type was used for in practice.
The general idea of content negotiation is when party A communicates to party B, and the message can be delivered in more than one format (or version, or configuration), there can be some way of allowing some negotiation, some way for A to communication to B the available options, and for B to be able to accept or indicate preferences.
Content negotiation happens all over. When one fax machine twirps to another when initially connecting, they are negotiating resolution, compression methods and so forth. In Internet mail, which is a one-way communication, the "negotiation" consists of the sender preparing and sending multiple versions of the message, one in text/html, one in text/plain, for example, in sender-preference order. The recipient then chooses the first version it can understand.
HTTP added "Accept" and "Accept-language" to allow content negotiation in HTTP GET, based on Internet Media Types, and there are other methods explained in the HTTP spec.
The web added the notion of being able to address part of a content and not the whole content by adding a 'fragment identifier' to the URL that addressed the data. Of course, this originally made sense for the original web with just HTML, but how would it apply to other content. The URL spec glibly noted that "the definition of the fragment identifier meaning depends on the Internet Media Type", but unfortunately, few of the Internet Media Type definitions included this information, and practices diverged greatly.
If the interpretation of fragment identifiers depends on the MIME type, though, this really crimps the style of using fragment identifiers differently if content negotiation is wanted.
Many people are confused about the purpose of MIME in the web, its uses, the meaning of Internet Media Types. Many W3C specifications TAG findings and Internet Media Type registrations make what are (IMHO) incorrect assumptions about the meaning and purposes of a Internet Media Type registration.
We need a clear direction on how to make the web more reliable, not less. We need a realistic transition plan from the unreliable web to the more reliable one. Part of this is to encourage senders (web servers) to mean what they say, and encourage recipients (browsers) to give preference to what the senders are sending.
We should try to create specifications for protocols and best practices that will lead the web to more reliable and secure communication. To this end, we give an overall architectural approach to use of MIME, and then specific specifications, for HTTP clients and servers, Web Browsers in general, proxies and intermediaries, which encourage behavior which, on the one hand, continues to work with the already deployed infrastructure (of servers, browsers, and intermediaries), but which advice, if followed, also improves the operability, reliability and security of the web.
NOTE: This section should be elaborated to include requirements for changes to MIME and Internet Media Type registrations to improve the situation.
NOTE: We should try to get agreement on the background, problem statement and requirements, before sending out any more about possible solutions. The intention is that recommendations for changes to IETF-specified processes and registries would be moved into a new BCP-track document.
However, the following is a partial list of documents that should be reviewed and updated, or new documents written.
Update the Internet Media Type registration process (via a new IETF BCP document):
Various new specifications promote the use of 'sniffing' -- using the content of the data to supplement or even override the declared content-type or charset. Update these specifications:
This document is the result of discussions among many individuals in the IETF and W3C.
This memo includes no request to IANA.
This document discusses some of the security issues resulting from use (and mis-use) of MIME content types in the web.
|Connolly, D., "Global Hypermedia," Oct 1992.
|Larry Masinter
|345 Park Ave.
|San Jose, 95110
|+1 408 536 3024


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Have you any ideas about the Community college in US? Or if you want to know list of community colleges or top 10 community colleges in the United States so already you are staying on the right place. Because we are provided here a list of top 10 best community colleges in the United States. You will get here top ten community colleges in US with short information and photos.
10. "Colby Community College"
Nick name: Trojans
Founded: 1964
Motto: Challenge. Create. Connect
Mascot: Trojans
Type of institute: Public, Community College
Website: colbycc.edu
Phone: +1 785-462-3984
Located: Colby, Kansas, U.S.
9. "Mayland Community College"
Nick name: The Tigers
Founded: 1970
Type of institute: Public, two-year Community College school
Phone: +1 828-765-7351
Located: Spruce Pine
8. "Charlotte Technical College"
Founded: 1980
Type of institute: Public
Phone: +1 941-255-7500
Located: Murdock Cir, Port Charlotte
7. "North Central Kansas Technical College"
Nick name: tech college
Founded: 1964
Type of institute: Public
Phone: + 1 785-738-2276
Located: Beloit, Kansas
6. "Linn State Technical College"
Founded: 1961
Type of institute: Public
Phone: +1 573-897-5000
Located: 1 Technology Drive, Linn, Mo 65061
5. "White Mountains Community College"
Founded: 1966
Motto: Where Successful People Get Their Start
Type of institute: Public
Phone: +1 603-752-1113
Website: www.wmcc.edu
Located: Berlin and Littleton, NH, United States
4. "Flint Hills Technical College"
Nick name: Wranglers
Founded: 1963
Motto: Experience. Success
Type: Public coed two-year technical college
Phone: +1 620-343-4600
Website: www.fhtc.edu
Located: Emporia, Kansas, U.S.
3. "Altamaha Technical College"
Founded: 3 January, 1985
Type of institute: Community Technical College
Campus: Multiple campuses
Website: www.altamahatech.edu
Located: Jesup, Georgia, United States
2. "Erwin Technical Center"
Founded: 1925
Type of institute: Vocational school
Campus: Urban
Phone: +1 813-769-5180
Website: www.erwin.edu
Located: Tampa, Florida, United States
1. "East San Gabriel Valley Regional Occupational Program"
Founded: 1970
Phone: +1 629-962-5080
Located: 1501 W Del Norte St, West Covina, Ca 91790


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At Kensington Nursery School, we are a true parent cooperative preschool, organized by a group of families with similar philosophies who work in conjunction with trained teachers to provide children with a quality preschool experience. The preschool is administered and maintained by the parents on a non-profit, non-sectarian basis. The parents assist the professional teachers in the classroom on a rotating basis and participate in the educational program of all the children. Each family shares in the business operation of the school, thus making it truly a cooperative venture. Parents, preschool children and their teachers all go to school to learn and grow together!
The Role of a Co-Op Parent
- You are staff. Your primary function is to be an aide to the teacher.
- Treat it like a job – be a team player. Be professional at all times.
- Get to know the children – learn about the different personalities, temperaments, behaviors and needs of the group.
- Bring your talents and skills to the class.
- Be proactive rather than reactive.
- Be aware of the routine and transitions.
- Look for opportunities to learn more about Early Childhood Education. Workshops, books, articles, speakers, etc.
How to think like a teacher, not a mom/dad
- The needs of the group vs. the individual.
- Momentum of the day.
- Group dynamics.
- Teaching independence and problem solving.
- Enriching their experience (may be messy).
- Teaching respectfulness to others.
- Balancing developmental needs throughout the day.
- Preventing behaviors through proactive measures (thinking ahead).
- Know all the children, not just your own.
- Supporting social skills in school group situations.
Behavior Management
- Begin using the skills that you've learned from the teacher(s).
- Re-direct: if you see things starting to become tense or escalated, step in to help. Ask questions that can help them understand what is going on or how the other person might be feeling.
- Describe behaviors – use descriptive words to give children the full picture on what just took place. Help them to understand the situation; avoid negative labels and finger pointing at who is at fault.
- Describe feelings – again, use words to describe how they might feel by what just took place. Encourage children to describe how they felt. Give children words to use with each other rather than hurting their bodies.
- Remove children from frustrating situations. Sometimes it helps to break the focus on the frustration if you move them to another part of the room.
- Quiet time sometimes helps to calm down feelings, even a short walk or reading a book.
- Try to help the children work through feelings with each other (model words). If a child is really angry, come back later (this takes time but it is worth it).
- Try to be positive and upbeat. Use positive statements rather than negative.
- Remember that most behaviors are normal developmental milestones. Children making mistakes or wrong choices are opportunities to help them learn how to make corrections or better choices in the future.
- Let the teacher handle your own child if you aren't feeling successful or equipped – step out if a situation escalates.
Co-Op Requirements
Each KNS family is required to do the following:
- Co-op in their child's class several times per month.
- Do an assigned job.
- Twelve volunteer hours (fundraising, maintenance, or a combination).
- Attend two mandatory membership meetings per year
- Complete a state-mandated basic health and safety training course online.
- Otherwise help out in the general spirit of a cooperative.


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What Happened on December 31
Important Events
- 406 80,000 Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine at Mainz, beginning invasion of Gallia
- 1744 English astronomer James Bradley announces discovery of Earth's nutation motion (wobble)
- 1775 Battle of Quebec in American Revolutionary War; Americans defeated trying to take British stronghold
- 1861 22,990mm of rain falls in Cherrapunji Assam in India in 1861, a world record
- 1958 Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista tells his Cabinet he is fleeing the country
December 31 in Film & TV
- 1923 BBC begins using Big Ben chime ID
December 31 in Music
- 1879 Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera "Pirates of Penzance" premieres in NYC
December 31 in Sport
- 1989 Jockey Kent Desormeaux sets record with 598 wins in a year
Did You Know?
First New Year's Eve celebration held in Times Square (then Longacre Square), in New York City
On December 31, 1904
Would You Believe?
This date is skipped altogether in Kiribati as the Phoenix Islands and Line Islands change time zones from UTC-11 to UTC+13 and UTC-10 to UTC+14, respectively.
On December 31, 1994
Famous Weddings
- 1910 Editor Maxwell Perkins (26) weds Louise Saunders at Holy Cross Episcopal Church in North Plainfield, New Jersey
- 1940 Actress Bette Davis (32) weds New England innkeeper Arthur Farnsworth at 15,000-acre ranch in Lake Montezuma, Arizona
- 1950 World heavyweight boxing champion Rocky Marciano (27) weds Barbara Cousins in Brockton, Massachusetts
December in History
Business a Rocky Road for Hansom Cab PioneerArchitect and inventor Joseph Hansom was a man of vision who somehow found it impossible to turn his great ideas into money-making ventures.
December 23, 1834
The Day Murdoch Spoilt the Queen's ChristmasQueen Elizabeth II made the first live Christmas Day broadcast of her reign on December 25, 1952. Forty years later a pre-recorded message would be leaked.
December 25, 1952
'Hitler Will Have to Break Us or Lose the War'The German Luftwaffe were hammering the British RAF until a furious and frustrated Hitler changed the plan and possibly the outcome of the war.
December 29, 1940
The Taming of Winston ChurchillWinston Churchill made an emotional speech to the Canadian Parliament on this day, December 30, 1941. His photograph from that day is just as memorable.
December 30, 1941


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What happens to HELOC in a foreclosure?
In 2008 – 2009, many people from all the economic backgrounds were affected by the recession in the housing industry. As grave as the effects of foreclosure may be, those who acquired HELOC or Home Equity Line of Credit Loan had more problems to deal with. HELOC loans are similar to second mortgages which are considered as subordinate loans. If a property is foreclosed on or sold through short sale, the primary lender is repaid before any other mortgage holder.
If the lender is not paid with the required amount on the first mortgage, the HELOC lender can garnish the wages of the borrowers. Or worse, the HELOC lender may put liens on their property for up to twenty (20) years to recover its money. Remember that this type of loans are secured against the equity of the home.
However, such loans are also considered as recourse loans, wherein the lender can oblige the borrower to pay even if the equity and the home itself are gone. Nevertheless, your primary mortgage holder and HELOC lender may negotiate in order to put your home up for short sale. In this type of sale, each party will receive a certain percentage of the proceeds and will "forgive" the remainder of the loan.
This agreement would be beneficial for both parties because it can save the primary mortgage holder from possible legal disputes involved in the foreclosure. In the same way, through short sale, the HELOC lender can get some of the percentage of the money owed.


text:
Article Text
Statistics from Altmetric.com
We read with interest the paper by Bang et al 1 concerning their interim analysis of an ongoing randomised study comparing a novel fully covered self-expanding metal stent (fcSEMS) to plastic stents in patients undergoing endoscopic drainage of walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN). This was following concerns over higher than expected adverse events in the fcSEMS (50%) compared with the plastic stent group (0%). Specifically, these adverse events were three cases of bleeding, two cases of buried stent and one case of biliary stricture. The three cases of bleeding were found to have pseudoaneurysms, which were treated by radiologically guided coiling. One of the buried stent cases developed severe bleeding on removal and requiring radiological intervention. The biliary stricture was managed endoscopically with fcSEMS removal and biliary …
Request Permissions
If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you to the Copyright Clearance Center's RightsLink service. You will be able to get a quick price and instant permission to reuse the content in many different ways.


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Thursday, February 16, 2012
The Best Times.
Temple of the Modern Girl Boutique skirt | Front & Co. tights, oxfords
Lydia: Thrifted blazer | Lark by Steve Alan dress | H&M lace blouse
Cooperative shoes | Joe Fresh tights | Cambridge Satchel Company c/o Modcloth bag
10 comments:
- skiminastka said...
- February 16, 2012 at 11:26 AM
- lauraa said...
Gorgeous! The two of you look great and so happy
- February 16, 2012 at 11:49 AM
- Shelby said...
jealous. all i've ever wanted to do is have a blog date with some crush worthy girl!
- February 16, 2012 at 12:22 PM
- Lydia said...
Very cute. I love the sheer top tied over your dress. I've never had a blogger date--- I don't know many bloggers in my area. Jealous!
- February 16, 2012 at 1:55 PM
- D.R. said...
you both look wonderful and full of joy!
- February 16, 2012 at 2:31 PM
- Une parisienne... said...
Hello, I'm a new follower from Paris, I love your style and your blog ! Check mine and if you want we can follow each other...
Trip in my dressing
- February 17, 2012 at 2:36 AM
- Georgia Rose said...
Damn, I'm so jealous that you guys get to hang out. You both look so adorable too, I love how you accidentally co-ordinate. It's always so awkward when your outfit photo-taking sessions get interrupted, isn't it? Yesterday I nearly got run over.
- February 19, 2012 at 4:27 PM
- Shannon said...
So sweet!
- February 19, 2012 at 7:47 PM
- Fantasy maker. said...
Love that sheer blouse from h&m. I'm totally on a sheer kick recently.
- February 20, 2012 at 2:50 PM
- Zoë, Lion Heart Vintage said...
Loooooooooooooove you! :)
- February 24, 2012 at 1:34 PM


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1864 - CSS Tallahassee, commanded by Cmdr. John Taylor Wood, returns to Wilmington, N.C. to refuel on coal. During her more than two week raid, CSS Tallahassee destroys 26 vessels and captures seven others.
1927 - USS Los Angeles (ZR 3) rises to a near-vertical position due to the sudden arrival of a cold air front that lifts the airships tail, causing it to rise before she can swing around the mast parallel to the new wind direction. Los Angeles only suffers minor damage but the affair demonstrates the risks involved with high mooring masts.
1943 - Depth charges from USS Patterson (DD 392) sink the Japanese submarine RO-35, 170 miles southeast of San Cristobal Island, Solomon Islands.
1944 - USS Picuda (SS 382), in attack on Japanese convoy at the western entrance to the Babuyan Channel, sinks destroyer Yunagi 20 miles north-northeast of Cape Bojeador, Philippines and merchant tanker Kotoku Maru.
1951 - 23 fighters from USS Essex (CV 9) escort Air Force heavy bombers in an attack on Najin, Korea due to the target being beyond range of land-based fighters.
(Source: Naval History and Heritage Command, Communication and Outreach Division)


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Whether or not you enjoyed the Doctor Who story Let's Kill Hitler, you probably noticed that the episode's title deceptively implied an overstated amount of Fuhrer in the episode.
As soon as he met the minimum Hitler quota, Steven Moffat promptly locked the eponymous dictator in a cupboard and he was never seen again.
By contrast, it seems as though Norwegian comic artist Jason's graphic novel I Killed Adolf Hitler is practically brimming with the little man from start to finish, and perhaps it's this truth in advertising that has led to the film adaptation rights being bought by British production company Studio Eight.
The graphic novel was published in 2007 by Fantagraphics Books and tells the story of a would-be time traveling assassin with a mission to kill Adolf and prevent the Second World War, only to be overpowered by the moustachioed tyrant and … sorry, I know I'm getting sidetracked by TV shows again, but wasn't this an episode of Misfits?
Whereas larger production companies seem to to collect film adaptation rights like Pogs and ultimately produce much less than even half of what they buy, Studio Eight seem quite very interested in the project and have already teamed up with screenwriter D.C. Walker to adapt the material.
Apparently they've joined up with Up Country Productions, who must be a new company, possibly formed for this project since there's no information to be found on them at this time.
Of course, it's difficult to judge at this point how successful the move from graphic novel to screen will be, or if it well even happen. Don't hold your breath, but maybe keep your fingers crossed.


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- Home
- Skinny Elastic
- Cranberry 1/8" Skinny Elastic
Product Description
Our Cranberry elastic is just another yummy color to add to your list. This rich red tone is not only fantastic for the holidays, but it's also appropriate during the summer! Our elastic is one of the softest elastics around, and I guarantee that you will love the feel, and so will your little one! The skinny elastic measures 1/8" in width, and is available in 1, 5, and 288 yard increments.
Our skinny elastic comes packaged on a super cute white card that will keep it wrinkle free and tangle free! It also makes it easy for you to store and organize in your home. Each card has a color label on the back that will help you in the reorder process. We know you will LOVE this wonderful upgrade in packaging!
All of our skinny elastic is PRE-PACKAGED in 1, 5, and 288 yard increments. Your order will be divided by these units to give you the maximum continuous yardage possible! Please note that if you purchase just 1 yard, it will NOT be on a card.
Made in the USA of Polyester 80% and Rubber 20%.
Don't forget to stock up on our adhesive felt pieces in the supplies section of the site, so you can really give your baby headband a polished and professional look!


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Pupil Health Insurance coverage
Welcome to NowCompare Health Insurance coverage Indonesia , the premier expat insurance comparison website and the World's first international health insurance coverage comparison site. Averett University is anxious in regards to the safety and properly-being of our college students. Sudden medical bills could threaten your potential to complete your training must you endure an injury. The accident insurance plan pays for any bills not covered by your health insurance coverage, up to $10,000 per accident.
Whether you might be looking for medical insurance in Indonesia, Indonesia health insurance coverage, international health insurance policy, private health insurance coverage or a selected expat health insurance coverage company like Bupa International, Cigna International, InterGlobal Worldwide Personal Medical Insurance coverage or William Russell; NowCompare can help the expatriate group discover one of the best health insurance coverage Indonesia.
Maternity cover is offered to couples along side a Premier Core Plan and any Outpatient Plan. Pharmacies in Sweden (apotek) present prescription and non-prescription treatment in addition to fundamental health and sweetness products. Some non-prescription medications like fundamental pain or fever medicine can be discovered at some grocery shops.
Confidential and professional 24/7 multilingual support service that can enable you and your dependants deal with a variety of life issues and challenges. If you don't obtain a pension or another revenue from the nation where you live: you belong to the healthcare insurance system of the country where you had been insured for the longest time frame.
If you are employed in your host country, you have to to subscribe to a local healthcare scheme there. We provide a spread of non-compulsory extras including outpatient plans, maternity cover, dental plans and repatriation, which allows you to return to your house nation for remedy if that therapy will not be obtainable regionally.
When Nicolas retires, he strikes to Italy. His pension will probably be made up of 2 parts: an Italian pension reflecting the years worked in Italy and a French pension for the years labored in France. Personal Health Plans are the most common. These are health plans offered by employers to their employees. They can also be bought by a person.
prior authorisation has been granted utilizing kind S2 (former E 112 kind) issued by the competent health insurance authority within the country the place you work. If you're not employed, the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) could possibly be an possibility, if you're eligible.


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Travel & Excursions. SmarTours draws a big repeat business, taking travelers to such far-flung destinations as Thailand, Morocco, Japan, Peru, Patagonia, India, and Australia. Extra reasonably priced tours when sharing transportation and there's a larger likelihood of assembly fellow vacationers.
Most G Adventures trips are accessible to low to mid budgets and are ideal for travelers who like experiential small group energetic travel. Their commitment to responsible and group driven travel means loads of local individuals are given meaningful employment.
MySpace Puts It All Collectively In A Digital Neighborhood
Montezuma has a number of tour companies that offer all the most well-liked adventure actions and travel options for the area. We have vast experience during the last 9 years, we have created unique Bhutanese adventures for over 12,500 travellers. G Adventures group tours are kept small and intimate. Possibly you are new to group tours and packages, having been used to creating your own travel experiences at a youthful age – Trafalgar gives the perfect introduction to group tours.
Motorbike excursions are suitable for who're traveling alone or who needs to really feel the sensation of various journey on a motorbike. You will go to the local Afar and Tigrian people who find themselves farming salt from the dry lake. ROW Adventures Journey Type While a number of the primary activities you'll experience on most ROW journeys are after all water based mostly given their identify, they also supply safaris, biking, and mountaineering journeys.
Click on Below Any Of Them ✌✌ â•' নিচে পছনà§à¦¦ মত কà§à¦²à¦¿à¦• করà§à¦¨ ✌✌
Join Ethio Journey and Tours by one among Earth's last great adventures. Journey can take the form of critical and lively adventures – which can contain adrenaline-producing, off-the-crushed-path roughing-it journeys to essentially the most remote areas of the world – or food … Read More


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Property ID: 1623
Address: 106-A Edward Taylor Road Ocean City MD 21842 USA
Phone: 410/213-7144
Car Rental (10 Miles)
Fitness Center (3 Miles)
Laundry facilities (Onsite)
Medical facility (3 Miles)
Salon (Nearby)
Swimming pool (Onsite)
Proximity: Nearby
Beach (Nearby)
Boating (1 Miles)
Fishing (1 Miles)
Golf (5 Miles)
Playground (Nearby)
Racquetball (3 Miles)
Shopping (Nearby)
Tennis (Nearby)
Water Skiing (1 Miles)
Salisbury, MD - SBY (30 Miles)
The nearest major airport is approximately 30 miles away in Salisbury. From the airport, take Route 50 to Route 90 and turn left onto the Coastal Highway. Continue to 120th Street, and turn left (Bayside). Pass Georgia Avenue on the right. Take 2nd entrance on right to Marlin Cove I. Drive straight back to condo building. *** You must email firstname.lastname@example.com , firstname.lastname@example.com or call the resort at (410)213-7144 prior to arrival for check-in procedures. There is not an on-site office. ***
Check In: 18:00
Check Out: 12:00
Weeks Check In Days: Friday
Mandatory Security deposit is 200.00 U.S. dollars. Cash or Credit is accepted.
No Pets. Please contact the resort directly regarding its ADA/general service animal policy.
Resort non-smoking policy.
All inbounds must contact the key holder prior to their arrival to arrange key collection. No check in before 4.00PM. The key holder must be contacted for all bookings made within 14 days of check-in.


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Barcelo Thalasso SPA
Peak season from 106€ per person, per night
Low season from 84€ per person, per night
Prices are estimated upon a minimum of 2 adults.
Children aged 12 years or less have 20% discount
Infants under 2 years go FREE (Cots available upon request)
B&B, Half-Board and upgraded rooms are available upon request
A modern 4* all inclusive hotel, just seconds from the sand
This beach front hotel has been awarded Spain's highest award for quality.
The 4* Barcelo Thalasso Spa, is a huge hotel, located directly on the main beach of Caleta de Fuste, in the heart of the resort.
A short seaside promenade brings you to Caleta de Fuste's recently modernised and prestigious marina with an excellent selection of water sports and eateries.
Alongside this Barcelo hotel´s location, the stunning lagoon pools, realaxing spa centre and great evening entertainment, are the reasons why the Barcelo Fuerteventura is so popular and an award winning hotel.
Award Winning SPA Hotel on the beachfront
Immerse yourself in the hotel's SPA, where you will discover the concept of relaxation, health and wellness. Through Barcelo's complete and sophisticated facilities, you will replenish your vitality, thanks to the power of water in its most varied forms. The thermal circuit created and designed for you.
The SPA currently has 5 individual treatment rooms, all completely decorated in an Oriental style with soft lighting, that will transport you to a faraway place. There are 2 hydrotherapy rooms and a brightly lit gym with the most up-to-date equipment, overlooking the Atlantic Ocean.
The SPA has been created with the aim of offering personalised treatments, all in a harmonious and discreet atmosphere. The therapists will do everything possible to make your SPA experience unforgettable and ensure you come out feeling renewed both inside and out.


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Are you good with numbers and enjoy math? Consider going for an accounting degree online. The accounting field offers a rewarding career for those who have good aptitude in numbers and enjoy working with finances. An online accounting degree will train in auditing and controlling and business management and finances. Accountants are in demand in the business world. Every business out there needs someone at the helm that knows how to operate the numbers and keep the business afloat and prospering. Accounting work is not for everyone, the schooling is hard work to pass the classes, but receiving an accounting degree is so rewarding, and obtaining a good position with your career even more so.
Earning an accounting degree online affords the opportunity to move up in the business world. Many top people such as CEO's and CFO's hold accounting degrees. Going for accounting means more opportunities to advance your career to more than just number crunching. Real accountants are perfect to manage and run businesses because of their experience in finances; they know the how to operate companies successfully. Accounting is in demand and with an online accounting degree; you can advance to much higher levels in your career.
An accounting career gives you strong skills in business such as the ability to analyze facts and finances, computer skills, communications, sales and even how to deal with people. People with an MBA degree learn these same skills. In fact, an accounting degree can be a step towards later earning your Masters in Business Administration. Many MBA holders specialize in accounting and finances. It all works together. Those who go on to earn online accounting degrees are never sorry for the time and money spent to do so. The skills, training, and opportunities offered from an accounting degree make it well worth the while.
Becoming a student of distance learning for an accounting degree online keeps you in control of your time. Online virtual classrooms make it possible for people with otherwise busy schedules to fit in schooling when they can. A career in accounting makes you in demand for many industries, because every business out there has to deal with finances. The accounting degrees are recognized worldwide, giving you an edge in your choice of job opportunities. If you put your name out there with your degree in hand, you will likely have companies bidding for your application.
Earning an accounting degree online makes it possible for a person in an established career to go back to school. People change their minds once they enter the work force and may want a change in career, but cannot afford to quit their jobs to go back to college. Finding a good accredited college to offer courses online is a lifesaver for many. No longer do you have to live in the same town as the college. You do not even have to live in the same state; you can attend an online college across the country and never have to leave your city.
If you decide that an accounting degree online is something you should do, realize it is a decision that will change your life. Although attending a virtual college does not make changes right away, you will see the changes once you earn the accounting degree. Doors will open in your career to make a way for you to advance up, receive a better salary and better positions, even high level positions such as management or a CFO. It is a rewarding career, and if you enjoy accounting, you will be glad you took the steps to earn the accounting degree.
You can pursue an accounting degree at the associate, bachelor masters or doctorate levels.
You can start your accountancy career at the associate level if you are planning to quickly enter the job market and start gaining some experience. However, with this qualification, you are likely to start off at the lowest level position in accountancy. You may be an accounts clerk, a book keeper helping in small organizations or even a cashier. You may grow to larger organizations and also be allocated more responsibilities as you gain experience.
If you have an associate degree in accounting and plan to move to higher positions in the accountancy career, you must be ready to pursue higher accountancy qualifications by pursuing and bachelors degree.
Bachelor degree
A bachelor degree is considered the best qualification for an entry level position in accountancy. You are not likely to specialize here and a bachelors degree should open many opportunities for a firm career in accountancy, administration, management and other related fields. A professional accountancy qualification combined with a bachelor's degree in accountancy should make you more competitive in the job market in addition to open for opportunities in audit and assurance and business consultancy.
At the masters level, you may want to take a specialization like forensic accounting, corporate, public accounting, and financial management although a few schools could offer specializations in forensic accounting at the bachelors level. At the master's level, you may pursue your degree as a masters in accounting or a masters of business administration with bias in accounting.
You could pursue your masters degree to increase your competitiveness and increase the probability of earning a better pay or as a pathway to a teaching career in accountancy.
A doctorate degree I accountancy is ideal for those who would want to teach accountancy and Management at the University. You will mostly likely get a lower teaching position with a masters degree and you may be required to pursue your doctorate degree to continue teaching. Earning a doctorate degree should allow you teach at higher levels and also improve your salary.


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In case you hadn't noticed, there's been a bit of a Brit invasion happening in Hollywood. With Eddie Redmayne bagging all the awards going, we've also seen Keira Knightley, Benedict Cumberbatch and Felicity Jones picking up nominations.
So Vanity Fair have devised their own clever little videos which put the best of British talent into infamous film scenes. From Keira Knightley nailing the fake orgasm from When Harry Met Sally to Felicity Jones and Tom Hiddleston becoming Bonnie and Clyde and Michelle Dockery lying back on a sofa as Slim (aka Lauren Bacall) in To Have and Not Have.
Seriously, watch them both immediately.


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Photograph Story
The spring morning was cool and calm, and the day ahead held considerable promise. The previous days had seen a little rain, and the forest was a little brighter, a little greener, and definitely more vibrant than normal. The snow-capped mountains reached for the rising sun, eager to shed their winter's burden while high above them the clouds lazily drifted by, indifferent to the mountains or anything else below. The elk simply stood there, at ease, gazing out over her paradise. It was going to be a very good day.
This tableau happened in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, where both human and elk consider it a paradise. There is something deeply profound about sharing such a moment as this with nature; I was there, with the elk, enjoying the moment. Elk and human, while not side by side, stood there together looking out at the glorious, perfect morning, each lost in their own thoughts. It seemed to me that this moment lasted an eternity, and I am glad that it did, for I wanted to soak up every little detail, because I know that I will remember it forever.
Eventually, the moment passed and it was time for us to part ways; we did so, each acknowledging that this moment in paradise was extraordinary. It was going to be a very good day.


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Sinakekele Library
Every Saturday we open our Library to the children that live in the surrounding community. They come to check out books for the week and have become so good at faithfully returning the books they loaned. The children love spending time building puzzles, colouring-in and playing games with us as well as reading to us. They are also free to play on our playground equipment and enjoy a light refreshment. Once a month we invite a Church group, community service organisation or other non-profit organisations to partner with us and spend the morning interacting with the children, playing with them and perhaps completing a craft activity, baking or some fun games! E-mail email@example.com if you would like to be involved!


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Order the Yoga 3 Week Retreat and Get a Special Streaming Offer!
3 Week Yoga Retreat is a way that is fantastic to begin your day. And a wonderful solution to finish your day. Have you always wished to discover yoga, however, did not know how to start? Master the basics of yoga right at home in simply 21 days.


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The need for a change in the culture around the issue of abortion is clear. Conflict around abortion has occupied the American political system since before Roe (1973) and unlike other social issues, the court case deciding abortion rights for women, did not de-escalate social conflict. Instead the political advocacy has become more entrenched, sophisticated and professionalized and the battle is being fought in nearly every state and at the federal level. In this system, the debate over abortion has trumped abortion experience. Women who have abortions, providers of abortion and others who have experience with the issue are often silenced by political advocacy that can only tolerate certain stories or points of view.
We believe that the intense polarization of the "abortion wars" has a profoundly negative affect on women who need abortions, health care workers who provide abortion and the culture overall. We believe transforming the sociocultural environment (individual attitudes, discourse, media, and personal relationships) is the only way to create a world which affirms and values the decisions and experiences of women, providers and other individuals who are directly involved in or affected by abortion. This transformation requires a reorientation in our discourse, advocacy, and health care system.
We believe that it is possible to challenge entrenched cultural prejudice about abortion and create a more tolerant atmosphere that allows all experiences and values to be heard and respected.
The Board of the Abortion Conversation Project
Kate Cockrill, Board Chair
Peg Johnston, Chair Emeritus
Jeannie Ludlow, Secretary
Teresa Hornsby, Treasurer
Darcy Baxter
Ruth Arick


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Assigning barcode membership cards in Mindbody is something we've already explained how to do in a previous post.
But recently we scoured the Mindbody support forum, and we've discovered some other articles you may find helpful!
- How do I assign a barcode ID to a client?
- More information about the client profile screen
- What's the difference between barcodes and magnetic stripes?
- How to avoid the pre-class traffic jam at the front desk EXCELLENT ARTICLE!
- Mindbody is an excellent choice for software, as evidenced by the fact that they have very well developed "self-help" for customer support!
- Assigning barcode id cards in Mindbody is very simple and it will save your clients a ton of time when they check in!
- You will find the best prices on Mindbody compatible barcode keytags here.


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Specialist palliative care
for local people living with any life-limiting illness,
and support for their families/whanau and carers
Quality Care with a Community Heart
At North Haven Hospice we take great privilege in caring for patients, their families and whanau, and supporting them with any physical, emotional, social and spiritual needs or concerns arising from their life-limiting illness.
Our doctors, nurses and family support team work closely with other hospital teams, G.P's, district nurses and other health professionals to provide specialist palliative care.
Most of our care takes place out in the community with shorter term care provided when needed in our In Patient Unit (IPU) in Whangarei.
Our hospice services are provided free of charge and extend across the greater Whangarei area from Bland Bay to the north; Mangawhai Heads to the south; and Maungaturoto to the west.
If we can assist you further please contact us on 09 437 3355 or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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The spotlight is firmly on Apple's framework, ResearchKit. ResearchKit is an open source software framework that provides core functionality for developers to build mobile apps to use for medical research.
ResearchKit provides three modules that can be customized and built upon by the app developers. These modules provide base functionality for items commonly needed in medical research such as surveys, participant consent and simple active tasks that users perform such as walking, sitting and talking. The data generated by the surveys and active tasks is then made available to the researchers to analyze.
But, despite its widely publicized successes ( More here on how Stanford got 10000 participants in 24 hours), the medical and clinical research community is still not completely clear about the potential benefits and advantages that a ResearchKit app can bring to their study.
Besides the big ones, higher recruitment and more data from studies, here are 5 little-known ways ResearchKit apps can positively impact your study
All those useful sensors:
Yes, all those sensors available on tablets, smartphones, activity monitors, smart watches, medical devices and more can be leveraged by ResearchKit to generate relevant, real-time, useful data direct from study participants to researchers. Examples of such sensors are accelerometers, gyroscope, GPS and the microphone.
Leveraging video analysis technology :
This can be best demonstrated by Duke University's Autism and Beyond study. This study leverages the power of Apple's ResearchKit to capture video and/or audio as part of a study and use it for further research. This app has inbuilt video analysis technology to quantify and analyze emotions and behavior in children. Their goal is to ensure that parents and researchers can use this technology one day lead to a screening tool that can help diagnose behavior-related conditions like autism, anxiety etc earlier in kids.
Engaging participants through a ( sometimes really long) research study :
Recruiting is just half the battle. Medical researchers often face an uphill task when it comes to actively engaging with participants through the course of the study and ensuring their valuable inputs are provided until the end. Study participants now demand apps that provide them with an interface and experience that's as intuitive and appealing as consumer apps. ResearchKit apps can be designed to have trend-depicting dashboards, push notifications, custom branding, engaging videos, multi-language support and more – in short, an impactful mobile experience. All of it ultimately leading to better participant engagement and retention.
Pushing the frontiers of research with innovative apps
ResearchKit apps can be used to incorporate a new source of data into the study. For example, voice. We, at Boston Technology, recently helped MIT researchers with a new-age app that leverages voice data capture for research. Called MIT VoiceUp, this app has been designed to help researchers elucidate links between vocal biomarkers and neuropsychological disorders. The app seeks to use state of the art neuroimaging techniques and vocal analysis to explore the brain mechanisms underlying voice changes in adults with depression. Read more about the app here.
Integration with HealthKit and CareKit
ResearchKit apps can be taken one step further and integrated with HealthKit and CareKit.
The iPhone's built-in capabilities allow for a lot of patient-generated data to be collected through the Health App. HealthKit is a framework that allows all healthcare and fitness apps to work together and collects all this data in one convenient place. This can enable developers to either add to this data or explore this data.
CareKit allows developers to build apps that focus on patient-centric care and patient empowerment. These apps can help patients to manage their conditions better and help physicians track the effectiveness of treatments.
By integrating with HealthKit and CareKit, ResearchKit can open up whole new streams and sources of data that with consent, can be captured and used for better outcomes.
That's 5 points you might want to think about if you are mulling about a research study app. The arrival of Apple's ResearchKit was the first step towards a long and great journey towards new peaks in the world of research, and the avenues and possibilities it allows you to imagine and explore are definitely mind-boggling!
Have more questions or want to discuss any of these in more detail? Reach out to us, we are happy to take your questions!


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Turkish Court Recognizes Hate Speech Against LGBT People/
In what's being hailed a milestone in the fight for LGBT equality in Turkey, the Turkish Constitutional Court has officially recognized hate speech on the basis of sexual orientation.
The case was brought against a news website that referred to Kaos GL, a prominent Turkish LGBT rights group, as an "association of perverts." As the attack was directed at an organization, the court ruled no individual rights were breached and it therefore could not penalize the website. However, the court acknowledged the expression was directed at a specific group of people, equating it with hate speech based on race, ethnicity, and color.
Constitutional Court member Osman Alifeyyaz Paksut reaffirmed, "It is a government's utmost duty to prevent discrimination, exclusion, and hate aimed at people with different sexual orientation."
Join Rainbow Street in congratulating the Turkish LGBT community and its allies on this victory as they continue to fight for full equality.
Read the original article, translated by LGBTI News Turkey, a volunteer organization dedicated to providing English translations and sources on LGBTI issues in Turkey for journalists, activists, scholars, and the general public.


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Real time production process control
When working with preforms, bottles, or plastic sheeting, the thickness can be precisely monitored during manufacturing to optimize the process and improve throughput. Deviations in the production process are recognized by the non-contact measurement of the CHRocodile. The high measuring speed makes it possible to use during production. CHRocodile sensors have also been used for topography measurement of injection molds, wall strength measurement of blisters (PET, PP, EVOH), and bottle thickness with well-known manufacturers.
Welded seams in plastics must often undergo non-destructive tests. This may be the case in medical applications, such as multi-chamber pouches. Also the connection between the pouch and hoses and connectors can also be joined with welded seams. Quality and reproducibility can also be tested by the thickness of the welded seam.
Technical polymers, such as Cyclo-Olefin-Copolymers (COC), are amorphous and therefore transparent, unlike partially crystalline polyolefins. As a result, they are particularly suitable for unilateral, contact-free thickness measurements by optical sensors. Low twin refraction properties are important for optical applications. Outstanding biocompatibility and extremely low water absorption/ water vapour permeability must be emphasised in the field of medicine and diagnostics. COC products are optical window films for flat screens as well as syringes, microtitre plates, cuvettes and flasks. In production, Precitec sensors measure the thickness of air gaps and layer thicknesses.
CHRocodile sensors are also used in coating processes by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, acrylic glass or Plexiglas). They can also be used in inline processes (roll to roll) to measure layer thicknesses (in the low micron range) on Polyethylenterephthalat (PET), unlike sensors with a low sampling frequency.
Polycarbonates are coated to increase scratch resistance or UV resistance, for example. The coating and the material thickness can be measured by optical sensors without the sensors coming into contact with the items. Polycarbonate, a transparent plastic, is often used as an alternative to glass. Compared with brittle glass, polycarbonate is lighter and considerably more shock-resistant. Its negative properties, such as scratch-resistance or UV resistance can be reduced by coatings. For example, polyurethane acrylate layers of a few microns can be measured with the CHRocodile SE sensor.
The same also applies to EPDM. This is ethylene proplylene diene monomer rubber (cellular rubber). It is used for various seals, such as O rings for slide ring seals and for hoses, for steam or hot water, because it is highly flexible and has good chemical resistance. A confocal sensor can detect undesirable corrugation in the material.
Multiple layers can be measured by the CHRocodile IT-TW using interferometric thickness measurements with infrared light. This is the case, for example, with multi-layer food packaging films where the adhesive layer thickness is important. Places without adhesive can be detected in this way. In this way the thickness of films that are not transparent to white light can be measured. Even the individual layer thicknesses of multi-layer films can be measured if the refractive index of the materials is different.
The product to be measured is an artificial casing made of collagen. This is used as a natural skin for sausages. The material has a rough surface. This is made from a by-product of leather production and is known as a hide fibre sleeve. Here the ability of the measuring system to transfer continuous measurements to the measuring head quickly and therefore to measure strongly vibrating films is impressive. Without this measuring option the measurements must be taken using a much more inaccurate tactile process by determining the weight. This is much slower. The CHRocodile K sensor supplies high quality thickness values with this semi-transparent film that appears uneven and full of fissures according to the measurement results.
Plastic moulded parts, such as cuvettes or pipettes, can be measured without contact with an interferometric measuring system. Wall thicknesses can be determined in this case directly with the optical probe and a spacer on their own if no measuring machine is available.
Injection molded parts can vary in nature - whether it concerns form, color or surface condition. A topography measuring system needs to work well with these basic conditions, but should also provide values that make sense to the user. The CHRocodile SE in connection with high aperture optical measuring heads work together to fulfill these requirements. The measurements can be applied to all surfaces, suitable for almost all component geometries and are not sensitive to environmental influences. The measuring precision and lateral resolution are in the µm range, axial resolution in the sub µm range. CHRocodile sensors are able to take high speed measurements, and with the synchronization capabilities to match industry standard interfacing, it is possible to characterize large samples quickly and efficiently.
Thin transparent and non-transparent films are typically produced at high speeds, under demanding conditions. Because of this, a more robust sensor must be utilized to determine the film thickness during production. The measurement technique can not be affected by environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, or vibration of the film. The CHRocodile K, with its interferometric measurement method, meets these conditions perfectly - all while combining the highest precision and speed. This allows the process parameters of film production to be controlled with minimal latency.