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Santi Vincenzo e Anastasio alle Tre Fontane is a 12th century monastery church at the Abbey of Tre Fontane, the legendary site of the martyrdom of St Paul. The postal address is Via Acque Salvie 1, in the Ardeatino quarter. Pictures of the church at Wikimedia Commons are here. The abbey has an English Wikipedia page here.
The dedication is jointly to St Vincent the Deacon and St Anastasius the Persian.
Other churchesEdit
The abbey is an ancient pilgrimage site, and has two other churches as well as the monastery church. These are Santa Maria Scala Coeli and San Paolo alle Tre Fontane, which have separate pages on this Wiki. The general history of the monastery is treated in this article, however.
Two further churches have Tre Fontane in their titles, but have nothing to do with the abbey. These are: Santa Maria del Terzo Millennio alle Tre Fontane and San Gregorio Barbarigo alle Tre Fontane.
The martyrdom of St Paul is mentioned by St Ignatius of Antioch, and later by Eusebius of Caesarea who added the detail that it occurred in the reign of the emperor Nero. The actual year is unknown, although AD 67 is usually quoted. The tradition that he was beheaded with a sword was deduced from his status as a Roman citizen, as this was the chosen method of executing malefactors of that class at the time.
The basilica of San Paolo fuori le Mura has been venerated as the site of his burial since very early times, and it seems that this was the site of his martyrdom, too.
The legend of his martyrdom at Tre Fontane does not occur before the 6th century, and there is a suspicion that it was invented to raise the prestige of an already existing monastery here. The locality is near the third milestone from the city on the ancient Via Laurentina, and this seems too far to have taken a condemned prisoner for execution. This wouldn't have mattered to St Paul, but it would have done to the soldiers doing the job.
The developed legend describes how St Paul was beheaded at a site now marked by the church of San Paolo, and that three springs of water emerged from the ground where his head bounced. Then his body was carried some distance back to the site of San Paolo fuori le Mura for burial.
Ancient timesEdit
These springs are referred to in modern published sources as having been the Aquae Salviae in ancient times. If so, could somebody give a reference to its use in any Classical source? The first documentary reference seems to be in a description of landholdings by Pope Gregory the Great, at the end of the 6th century (no monastery is mentioned).
There was something important around here in ancient times, because a road surface belonging to a branch of the Via Laurentina has been traced near the abbey entrance (the Arco di Carlo Magno). Another name preserved for the locality is Ager Herodis, and the surmise arising from this is that King Herod Agrippa II had a villa here in Nero's time.
Foundation of monasteryEdit
The monastery seems to have been founded in the 6th century, although there is apparently archaeological evidence that the site was used for Christian burials earlier than this.
A 9th century Italian monk-chronicler called Benedict of Soracte wrote that Narses, a leading general in the armed forces of Emperor Justinian, built a church here and had it dedicated to St Paul. This would have been in the mid 6th century, if correct.
The Libellus of Anastasius the Disciple, 628, mentions "George, a priest of the monastery of Cilicia on the Aquae Salviae". This indicates that the original foundation was by monks from Cilicia in what is now south-eastern Turkey. This country contained Tarsus, the birthplace of St Paul, and this might have been the original connection with the cult of the apostle.
Dark agesEdit
It is on certain record in the Liber Pontificalis that Pope Honorius I built a monastery here in 625, and staffed it with Byzantine-rite Greek monks. Monastic life in the city was to be dominated by Byzantine-rite monastics for a century. (However, in a rather sinister re-writing of history in the later Middle Ages, it was pretended that they never existed and that Roman monasteries were staffed by Benedictines in this period. This is entirely false.)
The head of the Persian martyr St Anastasius was enshrined here. He had been martyred on the orders of the Persian Shah Chosroes II in 624, and the relic was donated by Emperor Heraclius before 641. In about the year 650, a German pilgrim wrote an extant work called De Locis Sanctis Martyrum quae sunt Foris Civitatis Romae, which is a catalogue of sacred sites outside the walls of Rome. Tre Fontane is mentioned as being the place of the beading of St Paul (this is the first historical reference to the legend), and also as having the relic of St Anastasius.
The Miraculum Sancti Anastasii Martyris of the 8th century describes the monastery as having a church dedicated to Our Lady, and also one dedicated to St John the Baptist.
In the reign of Pope Adrian I (772-95), the monastery was destroyed by a fire "owing to the carelessness of the monks", and the pope facilitated a rebuilding.
A legend set in the year 805, but lacking contemporary documentation, is illustrated in decayed mediaeval frescoes in the Arco di Carlo Magno. According to it, the relic of St Anastasius helped Emperor Charlemagne to conquer the Tuscan town of Ansedonia from the Lombards, so he and Pope Leo III gave the monastery generous land-holdings in the area.
As mentioned, it was argued until the 19th century that Benedictines were at the monastery from the late 6th century. This malicious fantasy is now discredited, but a date at the end of the 8th century is still quoted for their arrival. This, again, has no contemporary documentation and relies on unreliable Benedictine historiography. The process whereby Roman-rite monks replaced Byzantine-rite ones in the city's monasteries is wholly obscure, but seems to have taken place in the 10th century.
The earliest evidence for Benedictine monks occupying the monastery dates from 1080, when it was put under the authority of the abbey of San Paolo fuori le Mura, itself governed by the abbey of Cluny.
Foundation of Cistercian abbeyEdit
The Benedictine monastery here failed by the early 12th century. Pope Innocent II (1130-1143) began rebuilding the complex in 1136 (there is evidence of his work in the present fabric), and in 1138 donated it to St Bernard who was abbot of the Cistercian monastery of Clairvaux in France.
St Bernard was very reluctant to found a community at Rome, and the pope had to insist. A foundation was made by Clairvaux at Scandriglia under Abbot Bernard of Pisa (Pope Eugene III from 1145), and Pope Innocent appointed this Bernard as abbot at Tre Fontane instead in 1140. This marks the foundation of the Cistercian abbey at this location.
A legend that St Bernard had a vision here of souls ascending to heaven from Purgatory is the origin of the name of the pilgrimage church of Santa Maria Scala Coeli.
Construction of abbeyEdit
According to the evidence of the fabric, construction began immediately but was fitted around buildings already put up by Pope Innocent. Work began on the transept and sanctuary of the church, at its east end. In 1145 to 1153, after the abbey's first abbot had been elected pope, the east range of the cloister was erected. Then there was a pause.
From 1180 for about ten years, the north and west ranges of the cloister were built, as well as the nave of the church. The monks got into trouble with the latter, as they tried to build a Gothic vault on inadequate foundations. This led to another pause in progress.
Finally, from the accession of Pope Honorius III in 1216, the west front of the church with its porch was completed and the unfinished vault given a permanent wooden roof. The consecration of the church took place in 1221. (An alternative year of 1244 is also quoted.)
The original dedication was to the Blessed Virgin Mary, as was the case with every Cistercian abbey church at the time.
Glory daysEdit
Even before the completion of the church, Pope Eugene had given the community here permission to spend the summer at the castle of Nemi. The problem was malaria, vectored by mosquitoes breeding in the wetlands in the valley just to the north. This was to prove an increasing problem in later centuries.
However, at first the famous farming ability of the Cistercian monks seems to have mitigated the disease problem by turning the marshes into meadows and so reducing the areas of open stagnant water.
The abbey entered an era of splendour in the mid 13th century, and itself founded four daughter abbeys: Casanova near Penne, Arabona near Manopello, Montalto di Castro at Maremma, Palazzolo on the lake at Albano and Ponza, the island in the Gulf of Gaeta.
In 1370, some relics of St Vincent the Deacon were brought to the monastery and it is at this point that the church has the dedication to Santi Vincenzo e Anastasio. On the other hand, at about the same time the head of St Anastasius was stolen and was only recovered when it was noticed at Santa Maria in Trastevere in 1407. Such an occurrence is evidence for trouble at the abbey.
The wealth generated by the abbey's agricultural activities was its downfall. Also in 1407, the first abbot in commendam was appointed. Commendatory abbots were non-monks (sometimes simple laymen) who were legally made abbots of monasteries simply in order to enjoy their income. The universal effect on monasteries suffering this abuse was serious decay. All canonical abbots here after about 1460 were commendatory, and some of them were high-profile cardinals.
However, at Tre Fontane a useful legal fiddle was employed to preserve monastic life. A "claustral abbot" was appointed to rule the community, thus giving the abbey two abbots. In 1518, the abbey was joined to the Tuscan Province of the Italian Congregation of the Cistercians, which improved supervision of the quality of the monastic life here (previously this had remained the responsibility of Clairvaux Abbey, rather too far away in France).
New churchesEdit
The existence of a commendatory abbot was not all bad, if he were a powerful prelate who could act as patron. In 1581, Cardinal Alessandro Farnese ordered the rebuilding of the pilgrimage church of Santa Maria Scala Coeli, which was completed in 1584.
The consecration of the new church involved the enshrining of the relics of St Zeno and his 10 203 (!) martyrs, who were allegedly Christian slaves working on the construction of the Baths of Diocletian. The legend states that they were massacred when the project was finished, and the bodies taken here. Apart from the impossibly high number of the companions (divide by one hundred to obtain a remotely possible number), again the locality is at too remote a distance to expect to carry a number of corpses. The massacre was allegedly outside the Porta San Sebastiano
It is not at all clear whether this St Zeno is the same as the one to be found in the basilica of Santa Prassede.
In 1599, Cardinal Pietro Aldobrandini rebuilt San Paolo alle Tre Fontane, employing the same architect who supervised the previous church, namely Giacomo della Porta.
The mediaeval Cistercians had worked their own farmland, using illiterate peasant monks initially called conversi, and later known as lay-brothers because they were not ordained as priests. Initially this was very successful, because a young male peasant (for the first time in monastic history) could have complete security from famine and plunder and a religious life in return for giving up sex. The equation was often a no-brainer. However, as secular society became more sophisticated and opportunities for such people broadened out, the lay-brother vocation lost its appeal. So, the Cistercian abbeys began to lease out their farmland instead of working it themselves.
Here, what that meant was that the marshland in the valley to the north began to spread, and malaria returned in a big way.
The church was restored in 1733, but was then allowed to fall into disrepair.
In 1783, the abbey transferred from the Tuscan Congregation to the Roman Congregation. This did not help, because pilgrims at the time reported a ruinous monastery inhabited by a few sick monks.
The French occupation of Rome at the end of the 18th century eventually forced the closure of the abbey, which was formalized in 1809. When the papal government was restored in 1814, none of the former monks wanted to return. After a pause, the complex was given to the Franciscans in 1826 but the malaria prevented them from setting up conventual life properly.
Finally, in 1866 a project was launched to found a Trappist Cistercians monastery here. Much preparatory work was done on this by Austrian priest Franz Pfanner, who had became a monk of Mariawald Abbey in Germany in 1863. (He was to go on to found the "Mariannhill Missionaries" -see Cappella dei Missionari di Mariannhill.) The Order obtained possession in1868, and the founding community immediately restored the church. This was just in time for the new Italian government to sequester all monastic property in Rome in 1873. Here, however, a modus vivendi was reached.
It was still thought that malaria was caused by stagnant air (hence the name), so the government insisted that the monks implement a project to plant the entire area with eucalyptus trees from Australia which would freshen the atmosphere. (Many of the original trees planted still survive.) The monks used the oil from the leaves to make a liqueur called eucalittino, which was very popular among Romans (allegedly because good for colds, in reality also because intestinal worms find it disagreeable). Meanwhile, the malaria vanished because the marshes were finally drained.
Eucalyptus trees are thirsty, and might have contributed to a disaster in 1950. The water table fell, and the sacred springs stopped flowing. Since then the flow was kept up artificially -until it was found that the water was polluted, and the pumps had to be turned off in the early 21st century.
This is still a working Cistercian monastery, and one of the most pleasant pilgrimage outings from Rome.
Statue of St BenedictEdit
The abbey has a 19th century set of outer gates, and then a long driveway (the Via Acque Salvie) to the actual monastery.
Where the driveway bends to the left, there is a large 19th century statue of St Benedict in an aedicule. The saint is shown with a finger to his lips (the Trappists used to keep silence -not any more), and is accompanied by a raven holding a small loaf (the legend is that the bird took a poisoned loaf from the saint). The statue plinth has an epigraph Benedic gloriosae soboli tuae Italiae mundo ("Bless the world with you glorious offspring of Italy"). Below the aedicule is a large tablet with a series of ascetic epigraphs, the first two of which are from the Rule of St Benedict and the third is a traditional motto of the Benedictines:
Ausculta, O fili; Obedientia sine mora; Ora et labora; Huc properat, caelos optat qui cernere apertos, nec removet votum semita dura pium. Semper difficili quaeruntur summa labore arctam semper habet vita beata viam.
("Listen, O son; Obedience without delay; Pray and work; He hurries to this place who wishes to see the heavens opened, and he will not withdraw his pious intention from the hard path. The good and highest life is always sought with difficult effort, and has a narrow way.")
The aedicule is in brick, with the statue within an arched niche edged with a pair of basalt columns supporting imposts in limestone. This arch is set within a Gothic arch in brick with stone imposts, and in the point of this is a limestone tondo. This has a representation of the Medal of St Benedict.
Muster groundEdit
The driveway ends in a car park which was the mediaeval monastery's muster ground. Riders and those bearing weapons were not allowed into the monastery itself. A branch of the driveway to the left leads to the abbey's modern farm buildings, and here would have been the mediaeval service quarters, too. These would have included stables, bakehouse, winery, tannery and barns.
Arco di Carlo MagnoEdit
The opus listatum (brick and tufa) gatehouse of the abbey proper is named after Charlemagne. The present edifice is partly the result of a 19th restoration, when the chamber of the porter (gatekeeper) was apparently rebuilt. This has a lookout consisting of an arcade of six small arches separated by stone columns with imposts. Between the entrance arch and this lookout is a 19th century relief panel showing the Madonna and Child.
The entrance passage is vaulted in two bays, separated by a transverse arch in marble. The first bay contains very badly decayed but important frescoes executed when the church was being finished, around 1200. The theme is the conquest of Ansedonia from the Lombards by Charlemagne and Pope Leo III, and its subsequent donation to the abbey. The reason why the Cistercians displayed such an obscure historical event here is because there was a dispute over the large land-holding thus donated. The abbey of San Paolo fuori le Mura had a rival claim.
It is very difficult to make the scheme out now, but fortunately the frescoes were copied in 1630 when they were much better preserved. The vault showed Christ Pantocrator in a central tondo, surrounded by angels and the symbols of the Evangelists. The left hand wall had Charlemagne and Pope Leo arriving at Ansedonia in the top register, while below the emperor was depicted having a vision advising him to have the head of St Anastasius brought. The right hand wall had three registers. The top showed the arrival of the relic, the middle shows the fall of the city and its donation to the monks of Tre Fontane (shown anachronistically as Cistercians), while the bottom depicts the castles of the land-holding donated.
Outer courtEdit
Once through the gateway, you are in the outer court of the mediaeval monastery with the abbey church straight ahead. The church of San Paolo is up an avenue just to the right of this, and that of Scala Coeli further to the right. Nearer the gateway to the right used to be a spring, but this has been dry in recent years.
Just inside the gatehouse to the left is the shop and small bar, with an outside drinking area. Over to the left are the public toilets.
The centre of the courtyard has a statue of Our Lady on an old column, erected in the 19th century. This was put up after the ground was dug out to lower the courtyard level to that of the floor of the church loggia.
This outer court was where the mediaeval monks interacted with seculars on business, including women. The latter were not permitted to enter the monastery -a situation that still pertains.
The monastery's layout is typical of a Cistercian abbey, and one of the best plans available online of a generic Cistercian plan is here. However, be aware that the northern European Cistercians put their monastery buildings south of the church in order to catch the winter sun, while the southern Europeans put them north of the church to avoid the summer sun.
North of the church is a large square Romanesque cloister, with arcades on all four sides. To the east is the sacristy and chapter house, while to the north are the frater or dining hall and the kitchen. The west range had a dorter or dormitory over storerooms, since the early Cistercians slept in one room and did not have private cells. Further north would have been the infirmary, in effect a small sub-monastery for sick monks (it had the only other fireplace apart from the kitchen one), and the reredorter or toilets.
It used to be possible for male visitors to ask to see the cloister, but this is no longer the case. The monks have too much to do to be able to continue this courtesy.
Exterior of churchEdit
Layout and fabricEdit
The church is also very typical of an early Cistercian edifice, apparently symmetrical and on the plan of a Latin cross. However, irregularities in its plan have provided useful clues to architectural historians.
The edifice has a nave with side aisles, then a transept and finally a rectangular sanctuary. Two chapels flank the sanctuary on each side, accessed from the transept. The overall length of the church (not including the narthex) is 66.45 metres. The widths of nave with aisles is 22.57 metres, including the thickness of the walls.
The side aisles are not of the same dimensions. The northern one measures 42.72 by 4.6 metres and is 6.65 metres high, and the southern one is 42.81 by 4.14 metres and is 6.12 metres high. This is regarded as an important clue to the history of the church, allied to the assymetry of the transept. From the centre of the crossing, the latter measures 15.50 metres to the left, and 15.83 metres to the right. Also, the far left hand chapel is noticeably narrower than the right hand one.
It is thought that the present church is on the site of the original 7th century one, and alleged remains of the latter are preserved under glass in the floor of the transept. The east range of the cloister, north of the left hand end of the transept and including the sacristy and chapter house, was built around an edifice originally put up by Pope Innocent II before the Cistercians arrived and it is thought that the latter re-used the foundations of this and the previous Benedictine church in building the present church and the east range.
The fabric of the church and monastery is either brick, or opus listatum which is brick interspersed with courses of limestone ashlar. Some construction using ashlar only is in the sacristy, which is evidence for 13th century alterations. Interestingly, the bricks in the sanctuary end of the church and the east wing of the cloister are salvaged ancient Roman ones, but those elsewhere including the nave are much more regular in size and it seems that these were newly made.
There are two campanili, at the sanctuary end of the church. On the gable end is a small bellcote with two arched openings side by side under its own gable, while over the sacristy to the left is a larger erection consisting of a slab in brick with a gable and three round-headed apertures at the top, arranged in a triangle.
The church has an early 13th century loggia or narthex, which was the last part of it to be
finished. This has four ancient grey granite Ionic columns (not a matching set), which support a horizontal roofline entablature continued over short lengths of brick wall at either end. The architrave of this entablature is in marble, and where it meets the walls there are two imposts cut from a richly carved ancient Roman lintel. The columns stand on very high pedestals, the result of the 19th century lowering of the ground level outside. Before this, stairs led down into the narthex.
The frieze of the entablature shows shallow brick relieving arches, one over each portal, and in between these are 13th century pottery basins inserted into the fabric. The cornice has two rows of brick dentillation either side of a row of marble modillions. The single-pitched sloping tiled roof is orginal 13th century.
The centre of the marble architrave bears an inscription carved in the 16th century, which reads:
Innocentius II Pont[ifex] Max[imus], ex familia Anicia Papia et Paparesca, nunc Mattaeia S[ancti] Bernardi opera, sublato Anacleto schismate, eidem ac suis Cisterciensibus hoc a se restauratum monasterium dono dedit, anno Domini MCXL.
There are three doors leading into the church from the loggia, the central one being larger with a molded marble doorcase. The side entrances are not original but were provided in the late 17th century.
Traces of early 13th century frescoes were visible here in the early 20th century.
The nave frontage above the loggia is in naked brick (which was probably originally rendered), with the fabric including some stone slabs. It has five round-headed and splayed windows, three arranged in a triangle below and two flanking a large central round window at the level of the side wall rooflines. These windows have transennae or pierced marble slabs with circular perforations. The round window has mullions in a rose pattern, with a central circle surrounded by eight smaller ones forming the petals (octofoil).
There is a central nave of nine bays, with side aisles. Then comes a transept, which is wider each side than the nave with aisles. The sanctuary is rectangular, almost square, and the same width as the central nave. The far sides of the transept flanking the sanctuary have two chapels each, which are small rectangular rooms.
Visitors only have access to the first six bays of the nave. The rest of the church is part of the abbey's enclosure, and is cut off by a wrought iron screen.
The central nave and aisles are separated by arcades the arches of which spring from massive square piers. These do not have proper capitals, but each has a cornice of three molding strips instead. Above each arch is a round-headed window.
You can see how the side walls of the central nave curve inwards towards their tops. This is because the monks originally intended a vault, before settling for the present wooden truss roof.
The floor is in brick. The aisles have cross-vaults, and are lit by little round-headed windows in the same style as those in the façade.
The walls are mostly in bare brick, and now there is not much decoration. This was certainly customary for early Cistercian churches, but archaeologists involved in a recent restoration have discovered that the interior walls were originally rendered and had extensive frescoes. Almost nothing of these survive. The inner faces of the piers now have frescoes of the apostles which date from the 16th century and imitate works by Raphael.
The side walls of the nave continue over the transept. Beyond the last bay of the nave are two much larger arches, which access each end of the transept. The nave roof is also continued to the sanctuary. Here there is a triumphal arch, and the wall over this has three splayed round-headed windows arranged in a triangle, the central one being much larger. Above this is a rose window with quatrefoil mullions.
The sanctuary contains the monastic choir. It has a much lower roof than the nave, which allows for the windows just mentioned. The windows at the far end are of the same design, except that the large central window and the two small flanking ones are in a row. They have stained glass.
Much of the abbey's income comes from selling its produce, and nowadays that of other Cistercian monasteries. So, now there is a shop selling Cistercian produce from abbeys worldwide, and this doubles as a small bar where you can drink Trappist beer. This cannot be recommended too highly.
The eucalittino liqueur is still available for sale, although (according to rumour) the amount of eucalyptus oil has been reduced. The oil is a systemic poison, although as an adult you would need to drink about 10 ml of the pure oil in one go to damage yourself.
The biscuits in the shop are expensive, but then Italians have never regarded biscuits as a basic foodstuff (and the Anglo-Saxons have never regarded wine as a basic foodstuff -swap?).
The church is open, according to the abbey website (July 2018):
Daily 6:30 to 12:30, 15:00 to 20:45.
By public transport, you get here by the 761 bus which runs between the metro stations at Laurentina and San Paolo. You have to walk north about 100 metres, and take the first driveway to the right. Cross the road at the bus stop if you are coming from San Paolo.
The bus journey from San Paolo is about four times the length of that from Laurentina, but if you want to combine a visit to the basilica of San Paolo with one to the abbey, then you will find the bus terminates and waits for passengers at the Largo Beato Riccardi which is south of the main crossroads west of the station at San Paolo.
The abbey website advises that the walk from Laurentina metro station is about twenty minutes. This has two caveats. Firstly, you have to find your way out of the station, and through the transport hub to the main road. Then you have to walk up the road, which is how the twenty advertised minutes are spent. They are not pleasant ones -the road is busy, and the suburb boring -except for the Marian shrine of Santa Maria del Terzo Millennio alle Tre Fontane.
If you decide to walk back to the metro station at Laurentina, you will find a kiosk bar on the north (left hand) side of all the bus stops. If you haven't sampled the Trappist beer already (or if you have), you might need a bottle of Peroni after that wretched walk. The writer speaks from experience.
Mass is celebrated publicly (abbey website, July 2018):
Weekdays 7:00 (preceded by Lauds at 6:45);
Sundays and Solemnities at 9:45.
External linksEdit
Illustrated archaeological article


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This week was pretty awesome!
1. I began a search for the PERFECT brownie recipe. Found a couple online that I tried, and were good…but didn't quite beat the good ol' $2.00 box mix at the store. If you have one to share let me know…it's become a mission now! Here's a brownie recipe we tried…let me know what YOU think of it!
2. Shared a really awesome recipe for the horribly COLD weather we're having lately. LOVE this recipe, it's a household fave!
3. I started to learn to crochet, and I'm starting to get the hang of it! I really enjoy it so far, and here's the book that I got to learn from. Bought it at Walmart in a kit with some hooks, needles, and loops. $10 plus a skein of yarn under $3 and I've kept myself busy for the last few days. I can't wait to make blankets for my Baby #3!
4. If you follow me on instagram or facebook you know, we found out we're expecting a baby girl (officially), and I'm SUPER stoked. Even more stoked to share her name…but I'm not quite ready to do that yet!
5. Took the kids to Giggle N Jump today, (an indoor play gym) and it was really nice to get out with some GREAT ladies to chat. Not to mention, the kids had a blast and will sleep well tonight!
6. Saw a really cool pin on of course…PINTEREST and actually did it! Such a great idea for kiddos, REALLY! My kids are having so much fun with it, and I can feel like they're learning something too! Only thing is…I think I might try to laminate the pages. I'd like to leave it within their reach to play with, but I for see a LOT of $$$ spent on paper and ink if I don't try to do something!
This weekend the hubby and I are going to try and recreate the Everything w/ Cheese Bagel from Starbucks this Sunday! It's our FAVORITE bagel EVER…seriously DELICIOUS, so I can't WAIT to try our version.
What favorite things did you do this week? Any recipes to share? Adventures you went on? Tell me about it, and cough up that brownie recipe below!

subset: commoncrawl


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The speaker in Walt Whitman's poem, "A Noiseless, Patient Spider," is reflecting on his soul, using a spider as a metaphor. He is telling of when he watched an isolated spider working to make connections around him by spinning a web.
The spider he is speaking of was "isolated" on a small area of land and was trying to launch itself to surrounding areas. In the second stanza, the speaker addresses his own soul, saying it is "surrounded, detached, in measureless oceans of space" much like the spider was. The soul is like the spider, launching itself, trying to make connections to things around it, forming a web inside of him.


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With Langerado acts like Arctic Monkeys and Ghostland Observatory rebooked at Broward venues, we suspected it was only a matter of time before Miami got some of the other defaulted acts. First one announced: Das Racist at Grand Central, which was confirmed yesterday by Poplife's Jake Jefferson via Facebook.
The October 9 show at Grand Central is the Brooklyn trio's first appearance in Miami, if we aren't mistaken. The alt hip-hoppers rose to prominence thanks to the jokey rap tune "Combination Pizza Hut and Taco Bell". But the strength of their mixtapes Shut Up, Dude and Sit Down, Man proved they were more than just a flash in the pan.
Das Racist is set to release its first full-length, Relax, on Tuesday, and thanks to the media's recent fascination with alternative hip-hop (see Tyler the Creator and Kreayshawn), you'll be hearing a lot more about these guys.
Das Racist with Danny Brown and Despot. Sunday, October 9. Grand Central, 697 N. Miami Ave., Miami. Doors open at 7 p.m. and tickets cost $15 via fla.vor.us or $20 at the door. Call 305-377-2277 or visit grandcentralmiami.com.
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Liz Mason
I was 16 when I found out I was pregnant. It was mind-blowing! When I finally found the courage to tell my parents they were even more shocked than me. I'm not quite sure now how or why I decided to keep the baby. But I know those weeks I spent deciding were really awful.
Once I decided I put my heart and soul into making something good of my decision. I quit smoking and drinking, left my private school, and took on the daunting task of telling my family and friends. I was (and still am) lucky because I have the best parents and most awesome best friends in the world. Mum was really excited about the baby and dad, well he came round eventually. My extended family took a little longer to convince, and I know some people who once called themselves my friends were not so friendly behind my back.
My pregnancy was hard. Everything hurt and near the end sleeping was impossible. Finally, a short time after my 17th birthday I gave birth to a beautiful, healthy baby girl. The labour was long. My mum was with me. Holding my daughter in my arms for the first time was not just amazing; it was scary! I had created life!
Now I look back on the whole thing I wonder where I got the strength to do it. But every bit was worth it for my gorgeous little girl. Her and I lead a pretty happy life now. Every day she grows and changes. And everyday I love her more and more.
8 comment(s) on this page. Add your own comment below.
Hey, that's an amazing story, I am glad you're both so happy. You find out who your friends are when you go through a life changing experience.
Your a lucky women, not everyone gets a loving and supportive family. But i guess it is true that you find out who really cares when you go through something life changing. Hope everything is well with yourself and your daughter :)
Wow hun, I am in the exact position you were in right now, I found out I was pregnant about a week ago and I broke up with the father about a month ago, I'm 6 weeks along, I'm so scared and lost and have no idea what to do, I'm only 16 as well, I am scared I can't cope with the pain, my mum is very supportive but my dad is very upset and disappointed, i can see why but I have to make my decision my saturday :'( any advice or anything would be appreciated really lost here
I was 16 when I found out I was 4 months pregnant. I am now 17 and just about 6 months pregant I am due a baby boy in august! I haven't been with the father of the baby for 4 months now. I have a supportive family and some great friends I hope all is well for you and the little one Liz!
amazing. incredible. i am inspired by your mesmoring story! i am currently pregnant with my own child at 16 and you're story gives me hope for my future. i hope i can be as brave as you were in your prgnancy. i hope you can call me as i have some questions about birth and everything. i hope we shall meet and talk one day. 0403 651 982
My name is Johani and I am 14 year old and I am also pregnent I am not giving birth to one child I am giving birth twins
That is amazing I remember when I had my daughter last year and she look's just like me. I am greatful for her and her dad is by my side everything and he love's his little girl. And im 17 and her dad live's with me so I now how you feel.


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Black Bear North presents
Maine Open 2018 BBN-Travon
May 5-6, 2018 Hermon, Maine
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An audiovisual experience for Internet Age Media Weekend that explores the speed, manner, and ephemerality at which micro-utopias form, coalesce, disperse, and form again. Can it further unite previously divided ideals through propagation and expansion, resulting in more positive, meaningful, and inclusive conversation? As we feel more of what others are feeling, hear more of what the other is hearing, can we live each other's stories as they happen? And is my utopia, your dystopia? Micro-utopias are projection-mapped to a sculptural topology visualizing ongoing dialog, versions of alternate futures, communities brought together by common beliefs, language and frequent interaction.
As featured on Medium, Creative Applications and RTVE Spain
Project done with the team and residents at Form&.


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|Hand Dyed Headband from Feath & Kee
This pretty headband was included in "A nice, colorful day... ..." by Sukran from Knitter Princess.
'A nice, colorful day...' by kpsszede
Here are a couple of my current favorites for the little ones from Knitter Princess....
|Chunky Baby Hat from Knitter Princess
|Crochet Baby Girl Hat from Knitter Princess
|Rainy Day Fund from Feath & Kee
Rainy Day Fund was included in "Skeeter's Rainy Day Fund" by Lin from Lil House on the Fairy.
'Skeeter's Rainy Day Fund' by JaradLIN
Lil House on the Fairy is offering FREE shipping until September 1st! Here are a couple of my favorite fairy houses.
|Fairy House with Lighting from Lil House on the Fairy
|Beautiful Green Fairy House from Lil House on the Fairy
So that is it for this week. Check in tomorrow for Friday Finds!
-- Jessica


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Turbo stimulus package for a buck
Jet Fuel is the name of this too-cool-to-crack-a-smile Cabbagetown cafe, whose branding nails their offering really well. They have good quality fuel by way of java, and they have all the hip you'd ever want in a coffee shop.
This is not their logo, by the way, but just a great find tumblred by Bella Illusione. Thanks Bella. This is their logo.
Jet Fuel delivers to the under-caffeinated in two significant ways. They give you a double shot of espresso for $1. Beat that any of you cafés out there. And their signature bevvy for the lollygaggers — folks who don't need to bolt out the door fired up with a liquid charge — is an eponymous combo of cappuccino and latte in one cup. Why? Because no one else does.
If you've chosen to meet a friend or a crush here, good luck finding a place to sit. And be ready to whisper-talk directly into one another's ear [which is why the crush option is a good one], because it's as loud as a jet engine in there.
No. It's not, not really, but it's loud. It's a small room with high ceilings, filled with talking caffeinated souls. It's no wonder.
PS: don't be a wuss and ask for decaf. Not on the menu.


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6:30 pm to 9:30 p.m.
Zacc Harris:
Since moving to Minneapolis in 2005, Zacc Harris has gained a reputation as one of the area's top guitarists, being named 2017 Twin Cities Best Jazz Artist by the City Pages. He performs in a host of creative projects including Atlantis Quartet, winner of the 2015 McKnight Fellowship and named 2011 Best Jazz Artist, as well as the Zacc Harris Group, American Reverie, and Zacc Harris Trio.
Harris has toured as leader and sideman throughout the US and UK, including a 2016 run with Zacc Harris Group at London's famed Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club. Jazz Improv Magazine says, "Harris delivers a sound that is lucid, clear...providing rich-sounding accompaniment, and well-crafted solos" while Cadence Magazine calls some of Harris' work on Atlantis Quartet's most recent album "worthy of John McLaughlin." MPR News states, "Harris makes his own mark on standards with enough new hooks to keep jazz alive."
In 2012, Harris released his first album as leader, THE GARDEN, on Shifting Paradigm Records. City Pages writer Rick Mason says, "The Garden showcases Harris's compositions, which adeptly and compellingly link the past and future of jazz, and guitar work, which is consistently articulate with an enticing fluidity seemingly influenced by the likes of Wes Montgomery and Pat Metheny." The American Composers Forum chose Harris for one of its three Minnesota Emerging Composers Awards in 2016, to write and record a second album with this group in 2017.
Zacc is also a busy sideman, having performed and recorded with countless artists, including Debbie Duncan, Bruce Henry, Babatunde Lea, Eric Gravatt, Ben Wendel, Michael Janisch, and Nancy Harms. Currently, he plays with Jt Bates' Grain Trio, Lars Larson's Mancrush, Cory Healey's Beautiful Sunshine Band, and Adam Meckler Quintet.
A graduate of Southern Illinois University, Zacc has studied privately with Adam Rogers, Jonathan Kreisberg, Gilad Hekselman, Nir Felder, Miles Okazaki, and Fareed Haque. Zacc has taught privately for the past 18 years and is currently adjunct faculty in the music department at Hamline University in St. Paul, MN and Carleton College in Northfield, MN.
Bryan Nichols:
Bryan Nichols is a Minneapolis-based pianist and composer, working primarily in jazz and improvised music. He returned to the Twin Cities in 2005 after four busy years in Chicago where he played with jazz heavyweights like Nicole Mitchell, Ernest Dawkins, Von Freeman and Hamid Drake. Since returning to Minneapolis, he leads and composes for his own trio, his quintet and his large group, We Are Many. He also plays regularly with Gang Font, Kelly Rossum Quartet, James Buckley Trio, and Zacc Harris Quartet, in addition to being an in-demand freelancer. He teaches jazz piano at MacPhail Center for Music and University of Wisconsin – Eau Claire, and he was also recently named artistic director of Jazz is NOW!, a Minneapolis-based nonprofit supporting regional music and composers.
Bryan was awarded a 2010-11 McKnight Fellowship for Performing Musicians, a prestigious and competitive award given to Minnesota musicians. He was also awarded a 2004 residency by Betty Carter's Jazz Ahead program at the Kennedy Center, given to outstanding, emerging jazz performer/composers. His work as a composer earned him a subito grant from the American Composers Forum. He has performed at most music venues in the Twin Cities and Chicago, in addition to international festivals including Sons d'Hiver (Paris, France) and Kerava Jazz Festival (Kerava, Finland) as well as local and regional festivals including the Chicago Jazz Festival and the Minnesota Sur Seine Festival. Bryan appears on recent recordings by James Buckley, Gang Font, Chris Morrissey, Gordon Johnson, Kelly Rossum, Todd Clouser, Gayngs and many more. In May 2011 Bryan released his debut recording as a leader, Bright Places, containing nine original compositions for his quintet.


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There are no products listed under this category.
Ask the Boss (FAQ's)
It looks like there are several LED bulbs that are not lit? What's wrong with my light?
If it appears that some of the LEDs are not on, please don't worry.
Nothing is wrong!
BloomBoss LED grow lights utilize infra-red (IR) and other chips that emit light that is not visible to the human eye, which means they may appear dim or unlit. Do not be alarmed as these LEDs are working just fine!
Why do I need to create a dark period in my garden?
Some flowering plants bear fruit only once a year during the fall season when the daylight hours grow shorter and the color of the sunlight changes and becomes more red. This is important for the indoor garden because the light period, or photoperiod, of your plants must be controlled.
What this simply means is that some plants must be exposed to light every day in order to keep them from blooming.
In most cases, you will want to keep your lights on for 18 hours while your plants are in the Veg cycle.
How often should I water my plants?
Seedlings require less water until they are growing vigorously. Avoid giving a lot of water at one time until the plant starts growing faster.
Once the plant is growing new leaves and stems regularly, begin watering as soon as your growing medium appears to be "mostly" dry.
Saturate the plant until you notice run off which can be identified when water starts to come out of your container.
Wait 5 minutes and then empty the saucer.
Watering once the top few inches of your medium dries out is a good general rule, however water may have accumulated at the bottom of your container.
A quick, but surefire way to know if your plants need water is the lift test. First you need to know how heavy your plant's container feels when it's dry. Before watering, lift it up and feel how heavy it is. If it is heavy, your plant is not in need of water just yet.
My plant looks sick, what's wrong with it and what do I do?
There can be a myriad of reasons for a plant to show signs of sickness.
You can have nutrient deficiencies, nutrient over-abundance (toxicity), pest problems, over-watering, under-watering, pH issues, and/or poor environment control.
As each situation is different, you as a grower need to be able to diagnose and correct problems that may arise in your garden.
BloomBoss suggests searching the internet for a photograph of what your plant looks like. This will be a good first step in determining what is upsetting your plants and provide you direction on what corrective action you should take.
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11 March 2011
A life without Grace.
It's been 37 days.
37 days since my whole world came crashing down around me.
It was just over five weeks ago that life was close to perfect. We were super excited about our 4000km road trip across the country and couldn't wait to set up house in a new city. But most importantly, we were over the moon to be finally, finally pregnant with baby number two (after almost 2 years of trying to conceive and several miscarriages).
I spent the first few months of the pregnancy so worried about having another miscarriage. I had one at 8 weeks and another at 16 weeks, so even after my 12 week scan I was still nervous. But I had just had my 20 week scan and everything was perfect so I decided it was time to relax.
How wrong I was.
It still feels like some kind of horrible nightmare.
It all happened so fast. One moment I was out buying baby clothes and the next moment I was in hospital being told that my cervix was 4cm dilated and I would go into labour in the next 24 hours. We were then told that our little girl had no chance of survival. If she did survive the birth, she would die within moments of being born and we would have to watch her suffocate to death. There was nothing anyone could do.
Our whole world came crashing down around us. Tom and I cried more that night than we have in our entire lives.
We spent the next 48 hours in a tiny hospital room just waiting.. waiting for our little girl to be born. And die.
The labour was horrific. It was long and painful. It was the complete opposite of the labour I had with Sophie (a beautiful, drug free, 3 hour birth).
I screamed and cried. I was given (way too much) morphine for the pain which made me pass out in the middle of labour. I woke up a few minutes later and had no idea where I was or who I was. The pain was unbearable and the morphine made it 100 times worse. (I was told after the labour that "that can happen sometimes"!?) I begged them to make it stop and then at the end of it all I delivered a dead baby.
The room was silent.
We spent the next 2 days with our little girl. She was the most perfect little thing, just so tiny. We called her Grace.
She looked exactly like her big sister. I hugged her and kissed her. I wanted to take her home with me and hold onto her forever.
As the days went by, her little body grew cold and stiff. I have never felt anything so cold in my life. It broke my heart.
I wrapped her in blankets. I tried to keep her warm.
When the time came to say goodbye I felt like I would die.
Leaving her at the hospital and walking away empty handed was the hardest thing I have ever had to do.
I got home and cried for days. I cried because every single part of my body longed for my little baby.
I wanted her back so badly. I didn't think I could live without her.
And then just when I thought it couldn't get any worse, my milk came in. It was the cruelest part of all.
I felt so empty. Dead inside. I didn't know how the world could still go on and why everyone was still walking around like nothing had happened.
We organised her cremation. She had a little white coffin and Sophie asked "When will the baby come out of her box?"
I filled in her birth certificate. And her death certificate.
I am not sure how to describe the past few weeks. It has been a roller-coaster of devastation, disbelief, horror, denial, incomprehension, anger and sheer heartbreak. The number of times I have asked myself why? Why me? Why me again?
The number of times I have been over and over every little thing I did or didn't do in those last few weeks of pregnancy.
But I have been told over and over again that I must not blame myself, this is just "one of those things".
No one understands why this happens.
Tom and I are trying to focus of the fact that I have every chance of having a healthy full term baby in the future.
And of course, it is very difficult to be upset all day long when you have a happy, healthy 3 year old running around who still needs her mummy and daddy.
We are so lucky that we have little Sophie and we are trying to remain positive for her sake. There are times when I still feel overwhelmed with grief, like I can't actually go on living anymore. But most of the time I am okay. I get through one hour at a time and then suddenly another day has gone by and I survived.
I survived.
20 comments:
- Michele said...
You have survived and each day, although painful and horrible and hard, will be another day that you survive. And, because of that, Grace will survive with you, as a piece of you- and a piece missing from you. I've had 4 miscarriages in the first trimester, delivered 3 2nd trimester babies who lived only briefly before passing away, and delivered 2 more 2nd tri babies who are now 18 months old and healthy, thank God. But every pregnancy was wrought with fear and every child that I didnt get to bring home with me broke my heart a little more. But, at some point, their love became stronger than that hurt and the fact that I was able to have them- even if only momentarily in my womb or in my arms- made the journey worth the pain just for that love and joy.
It doesnt get easier; I'd be lying if I said it did. But it will become a part of you and you'll find that, one day, you can breathe again.
Sending love and hugs for your sweet girls: Sophie in your arms and Grace in your heart.
(And, I couldnt help but feel a chill when I read your names... Sophia was the name of my first daughter who passed away and Grace was the name we gave our most recent miscarriage.)
- March 11, 2011 at 10:07 PM
- Maddie said...
I'm in tears reading this. It is a roller coaster the first few months and with the crashing lows that just hurt so much it's awful. Grace is beautiful and I'm glad you got to spend time with.
Survive is all you have to do right now. I remember getting through the days hour by hour and as it got to late afternoon thinking 'good, it'll be time to go bed soon and I've survived another day'.
Sending love and hugs.
Maddie x
- March 12, 2011 at 4:58 AM
Grace is absolutely gorgeous. I am so very very sorry for your loss. Thinking of you all.
- March 12, 2011 at 7:53 AM
- rebecca said...
I'm so sorry...reading your story there were so many similarities to my own, it fills me with sadness to know another family has experienced this type of unimaginable loss. In time the loss becomes more manageable, less intense and painful, it's always with you, but not so suffocating as in the beginning. Sending so much love and hope that you find the strength you need for this difficult journey ((hugs))
- March 12, 2011 at 10:20 AM
- Natte said...
I am so sorry to hear about your loss and what you and your family are feeling right now. Little Grace will forever be in your heart and I am sure she will feel the love in the days you were together and ever. Take care and stay strong Katie.
- March 12, 2011 at 1:17 PM
- Lexi:: PottyMouthMama said...
Oh Katie, Tom, Sophie - I am so sorry for the loss of beautiful Grace.
You're very much in my thoughts, and I hope that those grey clouds give you a glimpse of blue skies, even just a thin slither.
I'm thinking of you - and really wish I could give you a hug. xxx
- March 12, 2011 at 7:30 PM
- B said...
Living this pain is the worst thing ever. I'm so sorry you have to go through this.
You might want to visit www.glowinthewoods.com when you're ready.
- March 13, 2011 at 2:18 AM
- Steph said...
I think if you daily sweet girl and send you love and strength. Take it one step at a time and hold onto that gorgeous 3 year old piece of magic with all that you have. Her light will help you through this dark time. My heart is breaking for you and your man x x
- March 13, 2011 at 1:52 PM
What a overwhelmingly moving post. I am so incredibly sorry for your loss, and what you and your family have experienced. I hope for you to find happiness in your life again, as Im sure you will. I admire your courage to share such an intimate part of your life. Thinking of you xxx
- March 13, 2011 at 4:49 PM
- Jacinta @ modelmumma said...
I'm glad to read a post from you as I have been thinking of you and hoping you have all been coping. Your story put tears in my eyes and I'm again, so devastated for you. I can't imagine what you have gone through but my heart just ached because I am a mother too.
Keep on surviving. Love and prayers. xoxo
- March 13, 2011 at 7:33 PM
- Cook Clean Craft said...
I cried when I read this post in Google Reader a few days ago, and left it as unread as I wanted to respond. I keep seeing it there, but have no idea what to say. My thoughts are with you as your family gets through this tough, inexplicable time. Please know there are people supporting you and thinking of you from afar.
- March 14, 2011 at 5:37 AM
Katie, I'm so terribly sorry for your loss. A client of mine last week went through the same nighhtmare.
All my strength to you and your family.
- March 16, 2011 at 11:28 AM
- Susan said...
I just found your blog and read about beautiful Grace. I can't imagine what it has been like to have to live through this. Will be thinking of you and your family and hoping you can find strength and support from each other.
- March 22, 2011 at 4:34 PM
- Bron said...
My friend, this is a beautiful post. And no matter what you may say, it *is* brave to post about this.
Might have cried when I read it. You are amazing.
- April 1, 2011 at 1:31 PM
- Kathy and Carl said...
I came across your blog just a moment ago from another one I sometimes visit.
I'm so sorry that your beautiful little baby girl died. I can't even imagine the pain that you must be feeling. I will pray for you, even though I don't know you. that you can in time experience healing and peace.
- April 12, 2011 at 5:20 AM
ohh my god. i am so.. so sorry for your loss. words cant explain what you must have gone through. but you write so beautifully. i think i stopped breathing while reading.
keep on surviving lovely.
the world will look out for you. we are here sending invisible but powerfully supportive vibes your way
- April 13, 2011 at 9:40 AM
- ~My Butterflies~ said...
I'm so sorry your precious Grace could not stay with you. I have lost 2 girls due to incompetent cervix, Catharine 2005, at 17 weeks & Isla 2010, at 23.2weeks. I really hope you have the support you need but wanted to extend and invitation to the group I started called Butterfly Kisses-Pregnancy & Baby Loss on facebook. If you type it in the search you will find it.
- June 21, 2011 at 5:32 PM
- ART RESUSCITATION said...
thank you for sharing Grace's story and heartbreakingly beautiful picture. am in floods of tears and can't imagine how dark and unbearable your experience has been (and continues to be). i admire your positive spirit and wish u didn't have to live with so much pain. i hope that plenty of luck comes your way in the future & that your house is full children running around driving you crazy with their 'aliveness' will be thinking of you and grace and her sister and dad and family and look forward to checking in on your adventures (have just discovered your blog) xxx
- July 14, 2011 at 10:05 AM
- Silverdragon said...
Oh Katie - I have come to your blog late, but it is so beautiful. I cried and cried reading about Grace - she is so beautiful and perfect. My heart breaks for you and Tom and Sophie and the unfairness of it all.
I hope that, along with your new start in Perth, you will soon have another baby to love and cherish. Grace will always be with you - your second treasured child - watching over you with her tiny, innocent love.
I still think of my five tiny angels in heaven, even as I am eternally grateful for the two blessings who stayed here with us - the newest just 3 weeks in the world. I wish I could wave a wand and zap you to 38 weeks or so.
So much love and many hugs to you - even though we are strangers, I share your grief and wish you every joy. Wish I could also share a cuppa with you!
- September 9, 2011 at 12:27 PM
hello there. i have only just started reading your blog and fell in love with it!
i savour your frank and funny words. then i got to this post and wept and wept. you have a way of telling stories with such profound honesty and reality. thank you for sharing such a part of your life with us.
love, caitlin
- May 4, 2012 at 10:04 PM
Post a Comment
Thanks for your comment.. It is nice to know that there is someone out there (other than my husband) reading my posts! Xx


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Blessing to you this Sunday! I'm playing along with the Verve Diva Dare this month. The dare is to make a card using stripes and stars. I went for a bright birthday card using a sentiment from Verve's Surely Goodness set. The pennant die is also from Verve.
Sketch is from this week's Mojo Challenge. The paper is American Crafts. Stars are Sizzix.
Thanks for visiting!
4 Crafty Chicks - birthdays
Word Art Wednesday - anything goes
Sunday, May 19, 2013
Happy Birthday
Posted by Linda Carson at 6:14 PM
Labels: Verve
7 comments:
- AnonymousMay 19, 2013 at 9:25 PM
WOW! This is unusual, but I like it very much.ReplyDelete
Such a fun use of the stars!! Love it :) Great take on the challenge. Thanks for taking May's Diva Dare!ReplyDelete
luv all of the stars, super sweet!ReplyDelete
enjoy *~*
Incredible stars, layout, and amazing color pop. Thank you so much for sharing your wonderful inspiration with us at 4 Crafty Chicks.ReplyDelete
You really did a great job with this challenge! Love the mix of designer papers. Star dies have been on my wish list forever. This looks like a celebration!ReplyDelete
Thanks for playing our Birthday Challenge at 4 Crafty Chicks, I sure like the stars!ReplyDelete
Oh, this is so fabulous and fun. Love all the scattered bling!ReplyDelete
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Karmaloop.com is a leader in global streetwear fashion and culture. The store stocks many popular brands such as Adidas, Nike, New Balance, Puma, Reebok and Ray Ban. You can find all types of streetwear clothing, including T-shirts, hoodies, shoes, jackets, coats, sneakers, pants, shorts and accessories at this store.
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|You may return an item within the first 14 days after receipt so long as the items are in the original condition for a full refund, this excludes bargain items. You may exchange an item within 30 days of receipt for another item or store credit.
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Disease Prevention
What You Can Do to Stay Healthy
- Influenza is thought to spread mainly person-to-person through coughing or sneezing of infected people.
- Take everyday actions to stay healthy.
- Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it.
- Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or sneeze. Alcohol-based hands cleaners are also effective.
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Germs spread that way.
- Stay home if you get sick. CDC recommends that you stay home from work or school and limit contact with others to keep from infecting them.
- Follow public health advice regarding school closures, avoiding crowds and other social distancing measures.
- Develop a family emergency plan as a precaution. This should include storing a supply of food, medicines, facemasks, alcohol-based hand rubs and other essential supplies.
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Ideas for Punaluu Beach House
Punaluu beach house – Building materials for a beach house should survive the impact of moisture problems and specific climate concerns. The moisture of ocean water, winds and extreme sunlight come into play. Planning such environmental issues will help a beach house to stay well and be attractive over time. By putting aside certain aspects of construction, an owner will find that a beach house will succumb to environmental factors fairly quickly.
Punaluu beach house exterior materials should be appropriate. The beauty of a beach house depends on whether it fits well with the surroundings. Stucco, wood cladding and stone cutting can work well. However, the location of the house is very important. Regardless of what you choose, make sure your home is in harmony with the surrounding buildings. This could mean that you can build the house with painted stucco of sky blue and adorned with white, for example. A cypress wood lining is also an excellent choice in any environment.
12 Photos Gallery of: Ideas for Punaluu Beach House
Punaluu beach house ceiling materials must withstand extreme weather conditions. The use of a copper metal roof or a Spanish tile roof can work well. Building a beach house with cedar shingles or asphalt shingles is usually not a good idea. Cedar shingles are fragile due to extreme sunlight, saturation of ocean water moisture and strong winds along the coast. The asphalt shingles can be loosened by strong winds. Metal ceilings are a good choice due to their polished finish; the wind passes over these without resistance. Spanish shingles are strong enough to stay in place during high winds, but they are expensive.


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In Defence of Civil Disobedience: Part Two/
In my previous posting, I outlined the historical significance of civil disobedience, tracing the creation of the phrase from Thoreau, who turned an innocuous poll tax into a deeply personal articulation of one's beliefs, to the present iteration of collective disobedience against government policy. Today's posting will take these concepts a step further into the legal realm.
The definition of "civil disobedience' as found in Merriam-Webster's dictionary, suggests the act is a "non-violent" form of group protest. This definition conjures up a vision of peaceful sign-bearing protesters, shouting slogans, and holding hands in solidarity before dispersing for a musical interlude and barbecue. This peaceful concept of civil disobedience no longer seems to fit the bill as today's more complicated issues require a much higher shock quotient to get the attention of the media and then ultimately the government. Hand in hand with this more virulent form of disobedience is the more intransigent reaction by the government: as crowds shout "hell no, we wont go," the government lawyers are busily drafting court applications for injunctive relief.
Injunctions, as I thoroughly discussed in my previous posting on the Occupy Movement, are a favoured response by the government as, if successful, results in a court imposed order for the disobedience to stop and then turns the protest into legally recognized unlawful conduct. This can have enormous repercussions as an injunction can not only effectively shut down any future protests, but can also provide legal precedent on the ultimate issue at stake: the fundamental freedoms protected under s. 2 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms involving s.2 (b) freedom of expression rights, s. 2(c) freedom of peaceful assembly, and s. 2(d) freedom of association. As discussed in previous postings, the Charter is not absolute and the Courts try to balance societal rights with the individual freedoms found under section 2. As a result, although the Courts may find a violation of s. 2 rights by the government seeking an injunction, where societal harm or violence is caused, the Courts tend to find such injunctions a reasonable limit in a free and democratic society under s.1.
The government may also respond to civil disobedience through the criminal justice system. Typically, such response is reserved for the clearest examples of law breaking such as the destructive effects of a rioting crowd. In those cases, the law is most severe, imposing harsh sentences on those who destroy property and harm others under the flimsy disguise of a "cause".
Criminal contempt charges may also be laid when injunctions are not obeyed. This scenario is subtler as it does not involve harmful action but involves inaction: a failure to obey a law, which has been declared valid by the courts. The justice system deals with this form of disobedience slightly differently. Here again Charter violations may not provide a valid defence, but may be taken into account as a mitigating factor on sentence.
To raise a valid defence on a criminal charge arising out of civil disobedience is a challenge as any moral or ethical arguments for committing the prohibited acts do not change the essence of the crime committed. The best way to explain this is through the Robin Hood scenario. Robin Hood and his Merry Men stole from the rich to give to the poor. When we hear this story we usually give Robin the "thumbs up" for fighting against tyranny and greed. We also cheer as he takes the gold from evil King John, knowing that the good King Richard will absolve Robin of any guilt. But, in terms of criminal law, a bandit is a bandit no matter how you slice it. Although Robin Hood may have a valid moral argument for his actions and therefore an excellent motive for breaking the law, the law is clear: the guilt act and the guilty mind are present and therefore Robin Hood is guilty of highway robbery. He may receive a suspended sentence from a sympathetic court but he is still a convicted felon.
There is, however, a possible defence available. In Perka v. the Queen, the Supreme Court of Canada, when considering the common law defence of necessity, suggested such a defence may be a valid defence to acts of civil disobedience. In the necessity defence both the prohibited act or actus reus and the fault requirement or mens rea is complete. Therefore, all essential elements of the crime have been fulfilled and the defence merely excuses the blameworthy conduct.
Essentially, the accused acknowledges the wrongfulness of the action but in the circumstances the accused should not be punished for the crime. Excuses are typically limited to emergency situations wherein the accused had no choice but to break the law. As our criminal law punishes only those who choose to act criminally, an excuse can exonerate an accused of a crime. In the necessity scenario, the accused must choose between two evils.
However, such exoneration comes with a price: the defence of necessity is only accepted in certain, very limited circumstances. There are three elements to the necessity defence. Firstly, the accused must be facing imminent peril or danger. Secondly, there must be no reasonable legal alternative but for the accused to break the law. Thirdly, the harm inflicted by committing the crime must be proportional to the harm, which would have been caused if the accused followed the law and not committed the crime. As a result, necessity is rarely advanced and even rarely accepted as a valid defence. When it is accepted, the Court views the behaviour as a form of moral involuntariness.
How does the necessity defence work in practice where there are acts of civil disobedience? The best case examples are not from usually staid Canada, but in the protest fuelled United States. In the 1969 case of United States v. Moylan, the appellants were charged with the destruction of government records, records they seized from a government office and burned with napalm in protest of the Vietnam War. Counsel for the defence, the "radical lawyer" and activist William Kunstler, argued that the jury should have been instructed that they "had the power to acquit even if appellants were clearly guilty of the charged offenses." This "right' was based in moral arguments as the appellants were protesting a war "outrageous to their individual standards of humanity." Furthermore, the war itself was illegal and therefore citizens had an obligation, in the name of justice, to break the law in order to enforce the law.
The United States Court of Appeals Fourth Circuit Judge Sobeloff, took a page from the Robin Hood myth and found no matter how sincere the appellants were in their actions, and no matter how strong their moral arguments were, they still committed crimes for which they must be accountable. In upholding the law Justice Sobeloff remarked:
To encourage individuals to make their own determinations as to which laws they will obey and which they will permit themselves as a matter of conscience to disobey is to invite chaos. No legal system could long survive if it gave every individual the option of disregarding with impunity any law, which by his personal standard was judged morally untenable. Toleration of such conduct would not be democratic, as appellants claim, but inevitably anarchic.
The best known case of a jury being invited by defence to eschew the law and decide a case on their own moral conscious, was in R. v. Morgentaler, when Morris Manning, Q.C. invited the jury to acquit Dr. Morgentaler of violating the "bad" abortion law. The Supreme Court of Canada chastised Manning for his emotional appeal, finding that such an invitation would "undermine and place at risk" the jury system. In support of this position, Chief Justice Dickson referred to the British 1784 criminal libel case of R. v. Shipley and quoted Lord Mansfield as follows:
So the jury who usurp the judicature of law, though they happen to be right, are themselves wrong, because they are right by chance only, and have not taken the constitutional way of deciding the question. It is the duty of the Judge, in all cases of general justice, to tell the jury how to do right, though they have it in their power to do wrong, which is a matter entirely between God and their own consciences.
To be free is to live under a government by law . . . . Miserable is the condition of individuals, dangerous is the condition of the State, if there is no certain law, or, which is the same thing, no certain administration of law, to protect individuals, or to guard the State. ...
In opposition to this, what is contended for? -- That the law shall be, in every particular cause, what any twelve men, who shall happen to be the jury, shall be inclined to think; liable to no review, and subject to no control, under all the prejudices of the popular cry of the day, and under all the bias of interest in this town, where thousands, more or less, are concerned in the publication of newspapers, paragraphs, and pamphlets. Under such an administration of law, no man could tell, no counsel could advise, whether a paper was or was not punishable.
Certainly, it is valid to be fearful of a capricious jury who are guided by their own prejudices and sensibilities but there is an attraction to the ability of a jury to "do the right thing" and acquit in circumstances where the law is unjust, not just unfavourable, but unjust. When I was a student at Osgoode Law School in 1983, Morris Manning came to the school and reenacted his Morgnetaler jury address, an address which did result in an acquittal for the doctor. It was a moving piece of advocacy, which did stir the moral conscious. In the end, I was questioning the moral and legal basis for a law, which could send Dr. Morgentaler to jail. Ultimately the court system did work for Dr. Morgentaler, due to our Charter, the best defence against tyranny and injustice.
What does all of this mean for the ongoing student protests in Quebec? It is unclear where the Quebec government will go. Certainly the new laws they have introduced to stop further protest has only fueled more acts of civil disobedience. As with the occupy movement, these acts have gone viral and the issue has become one of students' rights and the moral obligation to speak out against seemingly "bad" laws. However, to speak out against laws is much different than acting out criminally. It will ultimately be up to the Courts to draw the line between the two.


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About Us
Since 1974 Hospice of Santa Barbara, Inc. has been providing compassionate care and support to those impacted with serious illness and the bereaved in our community. We are the second oldest hospice program in the United States, and we continue to build today on our distinguished history. Click here for Frequently Asked Questions.
Please use the links on the top of this page to learn more about us.


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Many new investors could in fact be confused through the concepts of "Subject-Tos" and "Wraparound Mortgages." Both are very useful types of financing the appropriate approach . help an individual a deal done when conventional financing isn't possible, without needing to use expensive hard money.
Make sure you possess a secure technique dispose of documents that contain personal important info. A high quality shredder is commercial real estate investing a noteworthy investment for this purpose. But relaxed breaths . risk fraud and identity theft if you don't properly lose old files you more time need. Always shred old financial documents to protect yourself from identity stealing.
The first way to watch speculating is that it is performed by the absolute amateurs in real estate. This is not what skilled commercial property investor would ever implement. Now, I'm not going completely wrong that a speculator will not make any money, merely sometimes will. However, if they do, their success a lot related to luck than anything. Their success established which market that they invest in and the timing which experts claim they pay out. Making money to the speculator is increased a bet on chance when compared to expert people who trade.
Develop a personal database several qualified prospects and individuals that you talk to on a frequent basis. Your goal is to establish trust and respect across a huge group of prospects.
The business strategy plan should include what varieties of houses or properties in which you are for you to invest. For those who are familiar with commercial Joe Sitt, then data good to adhere to this specific property. You can deal with single houses. Again, this is also going to be determined to what you try to deliver. Single family and multi-family homes are good for someone seeking to being a landlord.
If are generally unsuccessfully trying to pay there are many balance on the credit card, refrain from making any new charges with the game. Cut out as many expenses if you can, and use something individuals your payment to repay what you owe. Make sure you completely pay down what you owe before you employ the card yet again.
Mold can be a very serious problem, as a result of can cause structural damage to the home and also cause health problems for the residents with the home. Products and solutions are seeking to invest actual estate then your plan ought to to look for properties which usually easily supplied. The more easily your property can be sold, the higher the currently eat for an individual make a nice gain.


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QA: QA aims to prevent the defect
QC: QC aims to identify and fix defects
For more answer please google it.
1) Quality Assurance: QA Is Process Driven Approach to ensure the prevention defect in process used to make software application. its also knows as verification process. so defect does not arise when the software being developed.
2) Quality Control: QC is Product driven approach to ensure that developing software is working properly or not and its fulfill client expectation and standard. it execute program or code to identify defect in software. its also validation process. maintain quality of software is most importance thing in testing.
* Scope to prevent the defect
* It is a method to manage the quality- Verification
* It is the procedure to create the deliverables
* It involves in full software development life cycle
* Scope to identify and fix defects
* It is a method to verify the quality-Validation
* It is the procedure to verify that deliverables
* It involves in full software testing life cycle
Quality Assurance is to PREVENT DEFECTS with a focus on the process used to make the product. It is a proactive quality process.
Quality Control is a set of activities for ensuring for quality in products. The goal is to IDENTIFY DEFECTS in the actual products produced.
Quality is meeting the requirement, expectation, and needs of the customer is free from the defects, lacks and substantial variants. There are standards needs to follow to satisfy the customer requirements.


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Tips for making a perfect cookie
1 photo of Tips For Making A Perfect Cookie
Eileen Hineline
These tips are from the Web site Cookie Making- Secrets and Tips.
I love to bake cookies but sometimes they do not bake correctly and I needed to know why and did some re-search and found this information that I personally found so helpful and useful to me. I hope it helps you as well when you decide to bake some cookies.
I love to bake cookies but sometimes they do not bake correctly and I needed to know why and did some re-search and found this information that I personally found so helpful and useful to me. I hope it helps you as well when you decide to bake some cookies.
·white or brown sugar
·other cookie ingredients-baking chips, peanut butter, coconut, variety of nuts
·sweet condensed milk, whole milk
How to Make Tips for making a perfect cookie
- Read your cookie recipe carefully before starting:
Be sure you have all the ingredients called for and that you understand the recipe clearly.
Remember - If something is worth doing, it is worth doing right! Cultivate the do-it-right attitude and habit. Baking demands accuracy and care. Unlike other kinds of cooking, such as soups or stews, you cannot improvise or substitute ingredients. Never carry on another activity while you are mixing a recipe. Distractions, no matter how small, lead to mistakes. Let the telephone ring!
- Use good tools and utensils:
Assemble all the bowls, pans, and utensils you will need on your counter or worktable before starting. Use standard measuring cups and spoons.
- Use correct pan sizes:
Use the type of pan specified in the recipe. Recipes are carefully calculated as to yield and changing the pan size also alters the baking temperature and time.
Larger, shallower pans need increased heat; smaller, deeper pans need decreased heat.
The size of a baking pan or dish is measured across the top of the container from the inside edge to inside edge. The depth also is measured on the inside of the pan or dish from the bottom to the top of the rim.
Prepare the pan carefully according to the recipe. Place pans as near the center of the oven as possible. Do not place pans directly over another and do not crowd the oven (this makes for uneven baking).
- Use top-quality ingredient and assemble the ingredients before starting:
You can't expect a first-rate product using second-rate ingredients. Be sure your ingredients are fresh and of the finest quality. If your recipe says the ingredient must be room temperature, then make sure they are at room temperature before proceeding.
Baking Powder and Baking Soda: Check expiration dates of baking powder and baking soda, replacing if necessary. For testing purposes:
Baking soda should bubble when added to vinegar
Baking powder should bubble when added to hot water.
Be sure to mix baking powder and/or baking soda into the flour before adding to the wet ingredients, as this distributes everything evenly so your cookies will not end up with large holes.
- Have all ingredients at room temperature for more glamorous perfect cookies, unless otherwise specified.
- Measure the ingredients quantities correctly - Use correct measuring cups and spoons:
This is a baking must! Follow your cookie recipe to the tee (you can always experiment with later batches, testing how alterations affect the final product). One common cause of cooking failures is inaccurate measurement of ingredients. You can use the best ingredients in the world, but if you do not measure correctly, the recipe will not come out properly. Also always use level measurements (all measurements in a recipe are level).
- Oven temperature:
Preheat the oven 10 to 15 minutes before you begin baking cookies. This is usually consistent unless a recipe specifically calls for you to start with a cold oven.
Purchase an Oven Thermometer to make sure your oven is operating at the right temperature. An oven that is too hot or too cold not only throws off the cooking times but can throw off the texture and appearance of the finished cookies.
- A baking or cookie sheet should be either cool or at room temperature when the cookie dough is placed on it; otherwise, the dough will start to melt, adversely affecting the cookies' shape and texture.
Type of Cookie Sheets To Use: Cookie Sheets with little or no sides will allow the cookies to bake quickly and evenly.
Greasing Cookie Sheets: Grease cookie sheets with either vegetable shortening or unsalted butter. Do not use vegetable oil for greasing the cookie sheets, as the oil between the cookies will burn during baking - this is very difficult to clean.
- Baking Perfect Cookies:
Cookies should be of a uniform thickness and size so they will bake in the same amount of time. Using a small cookie scoop or ice cream scoop will provide picture-perfect, uniform size cookies. To get uniform cookies, weigh the cookie dough. Using your kitchen scale, weigh 1-ounce dough for each medium-size cookie and 1/2-ounces for each smaller cookie.
Leave room between cookies on the cookie sheet. Rule of thumb is 2 inches between cookies. If the cookies are extremely large cookies or the recipe calls for more space, adjust the space.
Watch the baking time and use an accurate timer. Always check the cookies at the minimum baking time listed in your recipe. Even one minute can mean the difference between a cookie that is done and one that is ruined.
Unless the recipe directs otherwise, remove baked cookies from cookie sheet to wire rack immediately to prevent further baking. Use a thin pancake turner to remove and move cookies from baking sheets. If cookies are left on the sheet to cool, they will be very difficult to remove (this will keep cookies from tearing or breaking).
- Bars, Squares, and Brownies Tips****
Bars and squares are a softer type of cookie. They are more like a cake. Always bake bars and square cookies in greased pans that are at least 1 1/2-inches deep and that have sides.
Do not over beat this type of cookie. Beat just enough to mix the ingredients together. Over beating will cause them to rise too much, and as they cook, they will then fall with a cracked surface and a ridge around the outside edge. Bars and squares are done when the sides shrink from the sides of the pan or the top springs back when lightly touched with your finger.
- When baking brownies, do not over bake them (the result will be dry and crumbly). Brownies should appear set in the center and when a wood toothpick is inserted at edges (1/2- to 1-inch from edge of pan), the toothpick should have moist crumbs attached. If the crumbs are dry, the brownies are over baked.
Cutting Bar Cookies: To prevent jagged edges that often occur when cutting bars and squares, use a sharp knife to score the bars as soon as the pan comes out of the oven. Cool completely before cutting - then cut the cooled bars along the scored lines.


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Re-Training Shio/
We never used to worry about Shio running out the front door into the street. Was it because we're bad dog owners? Nope. It's because he would have to run out the front door, down the hallway, wait for the elevator, ride the elevator to the lobby, run out the building's front door and then get to the street. In case you're wondering, yes, potty training was very difficult! Now that we moved and have a front door that leads to the street we are very careful about teaching Shio sit-stay before charging out the door. In this new place, we also gained an unfenced back yard. This would've been a dream if we had an area dedicated for Shio to run around in but we've been training him not to run out when the door is open to the back because it's not fenced. He's not allowed to run out for squirrels, birds or even a toy that accidentally rolls out the door.
We have neighbors that live upstairs and often here them walking around their hardwood floors. Shio is slowly adjusting to the sounds although he does have his freak out moments where he goes into a barking fit if he hears our neighbor's door slam shut. Every once in a while, he can hear voices upstairs and has been on edge about that.
We also have the mail man, UPS/USPS/FedEx package deliveries that come through our front door. We had the luxury of a doorman accepting all of this for us previously but now we're on our own. So far, Shio hates all of them.
On the up side, we've made a new Shiba 8 month old friend name Boozer from the dog run. They play and fight like brothers! They also dig like Shibas and have created many ditches in the dog run in their attempts to get back to save their friends in Japan.


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Spiritual Formation - Faith Stepping Stones
Yesterday I presented the idea that spiritual formation is something that can and should be part of family life. To follow up on that post I want to share something from Faith Inkubators, Faith Stepping Stones.
Faith Inkubators offers a five step process or five activities that can be integrated into the daily life of your family (and you don't need to any training or theological background to start the conversation).
Step One: Share Highs and Lows. Name something good and bad you experienced today.
Step Two: Read a verse from your Bible.
Step Three: Talk about how the verse relates to highs and lows. Unpack the verse a bit. What does it mean in your own words? How might it relate to where you are today in our highs and lows?
Step Four: Pray for one another's highs and lows, for your family, and for the world. Simply talk to God, thank Jesus for the good, ask the Holy Spirit for guidance in specific problems.
Step Five: Bless one another. Trace signs of the cross on one another's forehead or palm as a reminder that you belong to God and to one another.
If you are not currently talking to your kids about your faith or their faith would you be willing to give this a try? If you do talk to you kids about their faith, what has worked? What was a flop?


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What are simulations?
Simulations are an experiential mode of learning that can take on many different forms. In the typical format we have organized they are in-person role-playing activities, where participants 'act' out a particular role/organization in the context of a scenario. Simulations can be organized in as little as 1-2 hours, or as long as multiple days. We are also involved in running E-Sims, where over a period of days to weeks, participants work together in a collaborative online environment around a particular scenario.
"It was so much fun to participate in a learning exercise that was so much more interactive than the usual didactic global health session."
"I did not realize how little I knew about the global health system until I took part in the simulation."
"Global Health Sim provided a fun and positive environment. For beginners in the field, or even those like me with many years of experience, it was a fantastic learning opportunity."
Why simulations?
In experiential role-playing simulations, participants quickly become aware of the complexities of scenarios. The world of global health is incredibly complex, but through learning-by-doing, and then discussing the experience we can learn more.
We are currently looking for simulations on a wide variety of topics from local to global issues, in all types of settings. If you have an idea, get in touch with us on the Get Involved page! To become involved, consider taking the Facilitator Course to become a Global Health Sim facilitator.
What topics do the scenarios focus on?


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Light in the Darkness
Stations of the Cross Card
The Stations of the Cross is a beloved Catholic Lenten tradition. Praying the Way of the Cross offers the faithful an opportunity to walk with the suffering Lord and to understand their own sufferings in the light of the Paschal mystery. Light in the Darkness is a devotional prayer resource designed to support prayerful reflection on the Lord's passion and death.
3-1/2" x 8-1/2" | 2-sided | Sold in multiples of 50


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hook on
Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus.
Related to hook on: hook up
hook someone on something
Fig. to addict someone to a drug or alcohol. Careful, or you'll hook yourself on those tranquilizers. Some friend at school hooked Roger on dope. Sharon has hooked herself on cocaine.
hook something on (to someone or something)and hook something on
to attach something to someone or something by a hook. Hook this sign on her and let her walk around advertising our play. Hook on the sign and hope that it stays. Hook it onto the tree carefully.