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About us
Establishment Centre
Research activities
League Nations
strategic cooperation
League Nations
Contact us
Vexillological Research Center of China
Contact person: Liu Jin
League Nations
International Congress of Vexillology with us
Time:2019-06-28 11:19:24 Click:
From August 4
to 10
in 2013, the 25
International Congress of Vexillology was held in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. More than 100 representatives from all over the world, including China, the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, France, Germany and other countries attended the congress. The congress invited 35 scholars to make presentations. Actually, this is the first time for Chinese scholars attended the International Congress of Vexillology and the first Chinese report was presented at the congress.
As far as the time of participation is concerned, Chinese scholars are the late participants - no Chinese scholars attended the previous 24 congresses. However, for this congress, three official representatives and one accompanying person will represent China to attend. They are Buxin Han (Deputy Secretary General of Chinese psychological association; Doctoral supervisor), Xinfeng Zhao (Founder of Chinaflag website; the director of Beijing XinFeng Flag Cultural Communication Center), Xing Fei (The doctor of Canton's Thirteen Hongs Research Center, Guangzhou University) and Linna Li (Research assistant of the Museum of the NANYUE KING of Western Han Dynasty). Actually, as early as three years ago, the British Chinese Dong Lin, who had attended two times congress of vexillology, found Xinfeng Zhao through the Chinaflag website and introduced the basic situation of the congress. After a period of preparation, Xinfeng Zhao invited Dong Lin to attend the congress. Thereafter they submitted papers to the congress respectively, and received invitations to make presentation at the congress.
Xinfeng Zhao tells the world in Chinese: China is the first country to use the national flag.
Although Chinese scholars are coming late, Xinfeng Zhao tells the world in Chinese: the national flag originated in China. However, there has long been an international consensus that the national flag originated on Denmark. 'Suddenly, there was a great peal of thunder, and a read banner with a white cross floated down from the sky.' This is the story known to most Dane's as the origin of the Dannebrog.
Some foreign scholars as well as Chinese scholars believed in this tale, which has been extolled to now.
During the preparation of the congress paper, Xinfeng Zhao consulted a large number of acient literature, including "flag" (as "qi "in Chinese) in the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells of the Shang Dynasty, and Rites of Zhou. These historical documents give him confidence and revelation. Therefore, the first point of his congress paper is that China is the country with the earliest origin of flag culture in the world, and the flag was first born in China in the eleventh century BC.
In the paper, he also told delegates about the centuries-old Chinese flag culture. Actually, in ancient China, the word "flag" was represented by "qi" and "zhi" in Chinese characters. Compared with "qi", "zhi" is more prominent in the identity function. Since "zhi" was a subordinate and development of "qi", it usually appeared together with "qi". Thus, "flag" in Chinese is "qi zhi".
Introduce to the world the development and prospect of today's Chinese flag cu
Contact us
Vexillological Research Center of China
Contact person: Liu Jin
Two-Dimensional Code Scanning
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text:
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Most business adverts are only £6 per month. At stud, wedding and funeral services £30 per year.
Specialist in transportation and siting of all types of mobile homes. UK coverage.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Vicky Beeching
|Vicky Beeching
|Victoria Louise Beeching
17 July 1979
Canterbury, Kent, England
|Alma mater
|Musician and religious commentator
Victoria Louise "Vicky" Beeching (given birth to 17 July 1979) is a Uk musician and spiritual commentator. She actually is best known on her behalf function in the American modern worship music genre, and continues to be referred to as "arguably probably the most important Christian of her era" because of of her Twitter pursuing and looks on BBC's Idea for your day.
Musical career
Beeching's mother, who also leads music worship in her chapel, taught Beeching to try out the piano and acoustic guitar when she was a kid. Beeching began composing songs at age 10, and leading worship music in chapel youth solutions in her early teenagers.From 1997 to 2001, she attended Oxford Vineyard Church, where she also led worship music during solutions. At Vineyard, she discovered even more about music composing from Brian Doerksen and Brenton Dark brown.Beeching moved to Nashville around 2002 on her behalf music profession. In Dec 2002, she released the Shelter EP through EMI UK and was highlighted on different compilation albums. She disclosed within a 2003 interview that she got recently give up her job being a Administration Consultant in order that she could concentrate on worship music full-time.Beeching signed with Sparrow Details and released a 2005 EP, titled The Trip. Her initial full-length Sparrow record, Last night, Today & Forever, premiered on 27 Dec 2005. Her second full-length studio room record, Painting the Unseen, was made by Ed Money and Nathan Nockels and released on 3 Apr 2007. Beeching had written a lot of the album's materials, although several tracks consist of songwriting from Ed Money, Matthew Western world and Pleasure Williams. Many of the tracks for the record were created on Keith Green's outdated piano, on the invitation of her coach and friend, Melody Green.Longing for a less conservative environment than Nashville, Beeching moved to NORTH PARK in 2008 and started executing in churches there. Her third studio room record "Eternity Invades" released this year 2010, was documented in NORTH PARK. It includes a track co-written with Steve Charge, "Glory To God Forever".Beeching was a worship innovator at Springtime Harvest Chapel from 2010 to 2012, leading worship in the 'Big Best' in Minehead and taking part in the Springtime Harvest Theme Group.
Shelter EP (2002) The Trip EP (2005) Last night, Today & Forever (2005) Painting the Unseen (2007) Eternity Invades (2010) Compilation looks The People's Record - (1997, Soul Survivor) - "Search Me O God" (lyrics by Beeching, sung by Beth Redman) Starving - (1999, Vineyard UK) - "THERE IS NO One Like Our God" (afterwards re-recorded for "Last night, Today & Forever") Surrender - (2000, Vineyard UK) - "ALL THE TIME" (afterwards re-recorded for "Painting the Unseen") and "EVERYTHING THAT I WANT" Holy - (2002, Vineyard UK) - "Awesome God" (afterwards re-recorded as "Majesty and Secret (Awesome God)" for "Last night, Today & Forever") and "MOST OF ALL" (afterwards re-recorded and highlighted in various other albums) Anthem from the Totally free - (2003, Spirit Survivor) - "Last night Today And Forever" (afterwards featured in various other albums) Celebration Manchester (2003, Kingsway) - "There is nothing difficult" (afterwards re-recorded for "Last night, Today & Forever") Right here I Am To Worship 1 (2004, EMICMG) - "Last night, Today, And Forever" Nights Pleasure 2005 (2005, Disney) - "Awesome God" (the edition later highlighted in "Last night, Today, & Forever") Right here I Am To Worship 2 (2005, EMICMG) - "MORE POWERFUL THAN The Surprise" (afterwards highlighted in "Last night, Today, & Forever") Help Me HANG ON - UK worship (2005, Essential) - "MOST OF ALL" Almighty Audio by Johnny Parks (2006, Survivor Information) - "Period of Performing" WOW Worship Aqua (2006, Provident) - "Last night, Today And Forever" Precious (2006) - "Luxurious Worship" (originally from "Shelter" EP but re-recorded because of this album)
Media presence
Beeching's blog page, which enjoyed some reputation, covered difficult Christian problems like the function of ladies in the Cathedral. Her blog page was the Champion for Best Blog page in the 2011 Christian New Mass media Awards.Beeching started speaking out towards gay marriage from December 2013. Her blogs on support for same-sex relationship were widely browse and received a blended response - many LGBT Christians portrayed their appreciation and distributed their own tales of beliefs and sexuality, however, many of her social media marketing followers portrayed disapproval, also 'quite vitriolic and quite personal' criticism. Nevertheless, in response towards the conversations she'd were only available in the cathedral about sexuality, she received a nomination for the 2014 Country wide Diversity Honours in the group of "Positive Function Model Race, Beliefs & Religious beliefs". (She didn't end through to the shortlist for this year.)In August 2014, Beeching announced she actually is a lesbian. In November 2014, she was honored third put in place The Separate on Sunday's 2014 Rainbow List (an attribute highlighting important LGBT people).By mid-2015, Beeching is a normal tv and radio commentator on problems linked to ethics, technology, females, Christianity, music and social media marketing. She actually is also composing a memoir about her beliefs and sexuality, to become released by HarperCollins.Beeching also likes a large Tweets pursuing (over 50,000 people in August 2014 and over 64,000 by June 2017).
Personal life and education
Beeching was raised in Canterbury, where she attended the youngsters group in St. Mary Bredin Anglican chapel. She was signed up for Simon Langton Women' Grammar College from age groups 11 to 18, and in her early teenagers she discovered it extremely challenging to reconcile her traditional Christian trust with her appeal to her peers at college. She shifted to Oxford in 1997 to wait the College or university of Oxford, where she acquired a BA in 2000 and an MA in 2001, both in theology.In '09 2009 she was identified as having linear scleroderma morphea, that she underwent 1 . 5 years of chemotherapy.Beeching moved to central London in Dec 2012. By Feb 2013, she was going after a PhD in the Division of Theology and Religious beliefs at Durham College or university, with religious beliefs, technology, "on-line connection," and ethics as her topics of concentrate. In June 2014, Beeching announced that she got transformed her PhD concentrate subject to Christianity and sexuality. Soon after she announced her intimate orientation, an interviewer had written that her fresh PhD focus is definitely particularly Christianity and same-sex relationship, and he also highlighted that she proceeds to recognize as an Evangelical Christian.
In June 2017, she was awarded the Cranmer Award for Worship from the Archbishop of Canterbury "for exceptional contributions to modern worship music".


text:
Dare To Dream, October 17, 2019
Manage episode 244622027 series 1446442
By Douglas Newsom, BBS Radio, and BBS Network Inc.. Discovered by Player FM and our community — copyright is owned by the publisher, not Player FM, and audio is streamed directly from their servers. Hit the Subscribe button to track updates in Player FM, or paste the feed URL into other podcast apps.
Dare to Dream with Debbi Dachinger and guest Simone Butler
128 episodes


text:
EP1507394B1 - Speech recognition enhanced caller identification - Google PatentsSpeech recognition enhanced caller identification Download PDF
- Publication number
- Authority
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- caller
- speech recognition
- call
- method
- recognition grammar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
- 239000002609 media Substances 0 claims description 28
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0 description 2
- 238000005225 electronics Methods 0 description 2
- 230000001965 increased Effects 0 description 2
- 230000000051 modifying Effects 0 description 2
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- CDFKCKUONRRKJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(3-chlorophenoxy)-3-[2-[[3-(3-chlorophenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl]amino]ethylamino]propan-2-ol;methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,[encoded data, 22676 characters] data:image/svg+xml;base64,[encoded data, 22676 characters] CS(O)(=O)=O.CS(O)(=O)=O.C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1OCC(O)CNCCNCC(O)COC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 CDFKCKUONRRKJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical methods Methods 0 description 1
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- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/42025—Calling or Called party identification service
- H04M3/42034—Calling party identification service
- H04M3/42042—Notifying the called party of information on the calling party
- G10L17/00—Speaker identification or verification
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/50—Centralised arrangements for answering calls; Centralised arrangements for recording messages for absent or busy subscribers ; Centralised arrangements for recording messages
- H04M3/53—Centralised arrangements for recording incoming messages, i.e. mailbox systems
- H04M3/533—Voice mail systems
- H04M3/53333—Message receiving aspects
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers; Analogous equipment at exchanges
- H04M1/57—Arrangements for indicating or recording the number of the calling subscriber at the called subscriber's set
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers; Analogous equipment at exchanges
- H04M1/64—Automatic arrangements for answering calls; Automatic arrangements for recording messages for absent subscribers; Arrangements for recording conversations
- H04M1/65—Recording arrangements for recording a message from the calling party
- H04M1/6505—Recording arrangements for recording a message from the calling party storing speech in digital form
- H04M2201/00—Electronic components, circuits, software, systems or apparatus used in telephone systems
- H04M2201/41—Electronic components, circuits, software, systems or apparatus used in telephone systems using speaker recognition
- H04M2203/00—Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M2203/30—Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges related to audio recordings in general
- H04M2203/301—Management of recordings
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/42025—Calling or Called party identification service
- H04M3/42034—Calling party identification service
- H04M3/42059—Making use of the calling party identifier
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/436—Arrangements for screening incoming calls, i.e. evaluating the characteristics of a call before deciding whether to answer it
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/50—Centralised arrangements for answering calls; Centralised arrangements for recording messages for absent or busy subscribers ; Centralised arrangements for recording messages
- H04M3/53—Centralised arrangements for recording incoming messages, i.e. mailbox systems
- H04M3/533—Voice mail systems
- H04M3/53333—Message receiving aspects
- H04M3/53358—Message preview
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/50—Centralised arrangements for answering calls; Centralised arrangements for recording messages for absent or busy subscribers ; Centralised arrangements for recording messages
- H04M3/53—Centralised arrangements for recording incoming messages, i.e. mailbox systems
- H04M3/533—Voice mail systems
- H04M3/53366—Message disposing or creating aspects
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/54—Arrangements for diverting calls for one subscriber to another predetermined subscriber
- The present invention generally pertains to a process for ascertaining the identity of a telephone caller. More specifically, the present invention pertains to an application of speech recognition technology to collect the identity of a telephone caller in instances when traditional caller-ID is not adequate or not available.
- Currently, it is common for individuals to receive a relatively large number of voice messages. For example, it is not uncommon for individuals to receive tens of new voice messages over a weekend. In addition, it is not uncommon for individuals to maintain twenty, thirty, or more saved messages on a voice message system. As the number of voice messages increases, the ability to efficiently listen to and sort messages diminishes.
- Voice messages typically do not have any reliable indication of caller identity. Caller identification systems are known in the art but are limited to identifying an incoming phone number, which is possibly matched to a presumed caller if the phone number is associated with a person. Such systems only track a telephone and not a speaker. Therefore, the benefit of these caller identification systems to voice message and call routing systems is quite limited.
- Without reasonably reliable caller identification information, it is difficult to generate a useful summary list of voice messages to enable a user of a voice message system to efficiently navigate through a collection of new or saved messages. As a result, most voice message systems do not include reliable means for efficiently listening to and/or sorting messages. For example, most current voice message systems present a user with a minimally helpful audio summary such as "you have three new messages and three saved messages." Such summaries do not typically include any information related to the details of any call.
- The lack of information associated with voice messages makes them generally more time consuming to review and organize. For example, in contrast to most electronic mail messages, a voice message cannot be eliminated based simply on indirect indications of message content, urgency or origin. In addition, saved voice messages generally cannot be sorted or organized into folders based on indirect indications of message content, urgency or origin.
- Listening to and sorting voice messages presently requires a significant investment of time, because a system user must listen to each message simply to extract basic information such as a caller's identity and/or the urgency or subject matter of the phone call. For voice applications, rules generally cannot be implemented to automatically pre-organize messages. For example, it is virtually impossible to implement a rule to delete a voice message, or to save a voice message to a predetermined folder, based on a particular caller's identity and/or the subject matter or urgency of the phone call. Without a consistent indication of a caller's identity, it is also difficult to intelligently route phone calls based on a call recipient's preferences and priorities.
US 2001/011230 A1relates to a system and method for identifying an unidentified customer at the point of sale. The system includes a database that contains utterance data corresponding to a known customer. A processing system coupled to the database receives utterance information corresponding to the unidentified customer at the point of sale and compares the utterance information with the utterance data to identify the unidentified customer as the known customer. In response, the processing system may automatically retrieve stored information corresponding to the known customer. In particular, the database mentioned above contains one or more records that each represent the association of the account or other identifier corresponding to a caller whose identity is known to the organization with account data, order data, identity data, utterance data, or other suitable information concerning the known caller. In particular, the utterance data includes one or more utterance identifiers that are digitized representation of one or more spoken utterances of the particular known caller, which may include any suitable sound, word, or phrase. The database server accesses one or more match parameters to determine whether a digitized utterance for an unidentified caller is sufficiently correlated with an utterance identifier corresponding to a particular known caller to identify the unidentified caller as the known caller. The system receives an incoming call and prompts the unidentified caller to provide an utterance, such as the spoken name of the unidentified caller, using an associated speech generation capability, e.g. by playing a prerecorded message. Furthermore, a voice messaging system is disclosed which may be any voice mail or other system for receiving, recording, and storing messages from one or more unidentified callers within or outside the organization. It is also stated that when a user accesses the voice messaging system, the voice messaging system provides the user with the identity of formerly unidentified caller to indicate that a message corresponding to formerly unidentified caller has been recorded. In order to identify the caller, the system determines a "figure of merit" to indicate the certainty of an identification. Furthermore, an agent may interactively verify the identity of formerly unidentified caller.
US 4837804 Arelates to a voice mail system furnished with voice print analysis and comparison units. The system discriminates whether the voice print of a calling party coincides with a predetermined voice print. If successful, the telephone circuit of the calling party may be switched and connected to a predetermined telephone circuit or accumulated as voice mail.
US 6219407 B1relates to a telephone voice mail messaging system for performing recognition of characters included in a telephone message left by a caller. It includes speaker recognition means responsive to the telephone message, for extracting a voice model of the caller from the telephone message and comparing the voice model of the caller against a plurality of pre-obtained models respectively associated with a plurality of potential callers to find a pre-obtained voice model from among the plurality of pre-obtained voice models that matches the voice model of the caller.
EP 1009148 Arelates to a method and system for indicating authentication of the identity of a calling party based on an intrinsic property of the calling party. Representation of intrinsic properties of potential calling parties are gathered and stored as reference representations for use in comparisons with later acquired representations. When a later acquired representation matches an earlier acquired representation, authentication of the calling parts is deemed to have occurred. The intrinsic properties may include a voice profile. The system and method can be performed at a central location such as a telephone company central office in order to maintain one large database of intrinsic properties. Effectively, the central office acts as an intermediary placed between the calling party and the called party.
- It is the object of the present invention to provide a process for collecting the identity of the telephone caller, using a personalized context-free grammar (CFG) created for each potential core recipient, and configured to support identification of incoming callers utilizing voice recognition.
- This object is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims.
- Embodiments are given in the dependent claims.
- Each CFG incorporates an indication of high probability callers and probability weights in each CFG are altered accordingly. When a recipient receives a call, the relevant CFG is applied in association with a voice recognition application to enable at least a preliminary identification of the caller. In accordance with another embodiment, the caller confirms identifications. In accordance with one embodiment, standard caller-ID functionality is utilized if possible at least to assist in the caller identification process. In accordance with still another embodiment, voice recognition enhanced caller identification is utilized to provide intelligent call routing functionality
FIG. 1is a block diagram of one illustrative computing environment.
FIG. 2is a schematic block diagram of a voice message and call routing system.
FIG. 3is a schematic block representation of the content of CFG's.
FIG. 4is a flow diagram illustrating steps associated with implementing a caller identification system that incorporates speech recognition.
FIG. 5is a flow diagram illustrating steps associated with implementing an intelligent call routing functionality.
- Various aspects of the present invention pertain to an application of speech recognition technology to collect the identity of a caller when traditional caller-ID is not adequate or is not available. Embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in association with a call routing system, wherein a caller is identified and a call is routed accordingly. Embodiments can also be implemented in association with a voice message system, wherein a message leaver is identified and a message is sorted or routed accordingly. Embodiments can also be implemented in association with a combination of call routing and voice message systems. It should also be noted that the present invention is not limited to call routing and voice message systems. These are simply two examples of systems with which embodiments of the present invention can be implemented. Prior to discussing embodiments of the invention in more detail, exemplary computing environments within which the embodiments and their associated systems can be implemented will be discussed.
FIG. 1illustrates an example of a suitable computing environment 100 within which embodiments of the present invention and their associated systems may be implemented. The computing system environment 100 is only one example of a suitable computing environment and is not intended to suggest any limitation as to the scope of use or functionality of the invention. Neither should the computing environment 100 be interpreted as having any dependency or requirement relating to any one or combination of illustrated components.
- The present invention is operational with numerous other general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. Examples of well-known computing systems, environments, and/or configurations that may be suitable for use with the invention include, but are not limited to, personal computers, server computers, hand-held or laptop devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, telephony systems, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like.
- The invention may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The invention is designed to be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules are located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices. Tasks performed by the programs and modules are described below and with the aid of figures. Those skilled in the art can implement the description and figures as processor executable instructions, which can be written on any form of a computer readable media.
- With reference to
FIG. 1, an exemplary system for implementing the invention includes a general-purpose computing device in the form of a computer 110. Components of computer 110 may include, but are not limited to, a processing unit 120, a system memory 130, and a system bus 121 that couples various system components including the system memory to the processing unit 120. The system bus 121 may be any of several types of bus structures including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. By way of example, and not limitation, such architectures include Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, Enhanced ISA (EISA) bus, Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus also known as Mezzanine bus.
- Computer 110 typically includes a variety of computer readable media. Computer readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by computer 110 and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example, and not limitation, computer readable media may comprise computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by computer 110.
- Communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media. The term "modulated data signal" means a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of any of the above should also be included within the scope of computer readable media.
- The system memory 130 includes computer storage media in the form of volatile and/or nonvolatile memory such as read only memory (ROM) 131 and random access memory (RAM) 132. A basic input/output system 133 (BIOS), containing the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within computer 110, such as during start-up, is typically stored in ROM 131. RAM 132 typically contains data and/or program modules that are immediately accessible to and/or presently being operated on by processing unit 120. By way of example, and not limitation,
FIG. 1illustrates operating system 134, application programs 135, other program modules 136, and program data 137.
- The computer 110 may also include other removable/non-removable volatile/nonvolatile computer storage media. By way of example only,
FIG. 1illustrates a hard disk drive 141 that reads from or writes to non-removable, nonvolatile magnetic media, a magnetic disk drive 151 that reads from or writes to a removable, nonvolatile magnetic disk 152, and an optical disk drive 155 that reads from or writes to a removable, nonvolatile optical disk 156 such as a CD ROM or other optical media. Other removable/non-removable, volatile/nonvolatile computer storage media that can be used in the exemplary operating environment include, but are not limited to, magnetic tape cassettes, flash memory cards, digital versatile disks, digital video tape, solid state RAM, solid state ROM, and the like. The hard disk drive 141 is typically connected to the system bus 121 through a non-removable memory interface such as interface 140, and magnetic disk drive 151 and optical disk drive 155 are typically connected to the system bus 121 by a removable memory interface, such as interface 150.
- The drives and their associated computer storage media discussed above and illustrated in
FIG. 1, provide storage of computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules and other data for the computer 110. In FIG. 1, for example, hard disk drive 141 is illustrated as storing operating system 144, application programs 145, other program modules 146, and program data 147. Note that these components can either be the same as or different from operating system 134, application programs 135, other program modules 136, and program data 137. Operating system 144, application programs 145, other program modules 146, and program data 147 are given different numbers here to illustrate that, at a minimum, they are different copies.
- A user may enter commands and information into the computer 110 through input devices such as a keyboard 162, a microphone 163, and a pointing device 161, such as a mouse, trackball or touch pad. Other input devices (not shown) may include a joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, or the like. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 120 through a user input interface 160 that is coupled to the system bus, but may be connected by other interface and bus structures, such as a parallel port, game port or a universal serial bus (USB). A monitor 191 or other type of display device is also connected to the system bus 121 via an interface, such as a video interface 190. In addition to the monitor, computers may also include other peripheral output devices such as speakers 197 and printer 196, which may be connected through an output peripheral interface 195.
- The computer 110 is operated in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer 180. The remote computer 180 may be a personal computer, a hand-held device, a server, a router, a network PC, a peer device or other common network node, and typically includes many or all of the elements described above relative to the computer 110. The logical connections depicted in
FIG. 1include a local area network (LAN) 171 and a wide area network (WAN) 173, but may also include other networks. Such networking environments are commonplace in offices, enterprise-wide computer networks, intranets and the Internet.
- When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 110 is connected to the LAN 171 through a network interface or adapter 170. When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 110 typically includes a modem 172 or other means for establishing communications over the WAN 173, such as the Internet. The modem 172, which may be internal or external, may be connected to the system bus 121 via the user input interface 160, or other appropriate mechanism. In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 110, or portions thereof, may be stored in the remote memory storage device. By way of example, and not limitation,
FIG. 1illustrates remote application programs 185 as residing on remote computer 180. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of establishing a communications link between the computers may be used.
- It should be noted that the present invention can be carried out on a computer system such as that described with respect to
FIG. 1. However, the present invention can be carried out on a server, a computer devoted to message handling, or on a distributed system in which different portions of the present invention are carried out on different parts of the distributed computing system.
FIG. 2, in accordance with one aspect of the present invention, is a schematic block diagram of a voice message management system 204. System 204 is illustratively implemented within one of the computing environments discussed in association with FIG. 1. Calls 202 are routed into system 204. Calls 202 are illustratively calls that are directed to a specific recipient 210. Each recipient 210 has an association with voice message management system 204. For example, each recipient 210 is assigned to a "mailbox" associated with system 204, a mailbox being data storage for a collection of new and/or saved voice messages.
- Message system 204 utilizes a voice message subsystem 214 to facilitate creation of voice messages by callers for their intended call recipients 210. For example, a caller associated with a call 202 is able to interact with voice message subsystem 214 to generate a message for a particular intended call recipient 210. Voice message subsystem 214 utilizes a message management component 216 to receive and manage messages. New messages are maintained in a data storage location 218, and previously reviewed messages that have not been deleted are maintained in a data storage location 220. It should be noted that new and saved messages could be saved to the same data storage location without departing from the scope of the present invention. A call recipient 210 is illustratively able to interact with voice message subsystem 214 to review his or her new and saved messages, and to delete or save messages at his or her discretion.
- For each individual call 202, system 204 utilizes an identification subsystem 206 to identify the caller. Subsystem 206 includes a speech recognition component 222 that is utilized to perform speech recognition in association with a plurality of CFG's 212. The CFG's 212 include a personalized CFG for each call recipient 210. Each CFG is illustratively a collection of nodes and pointers that is traversed by a decoding algorithm to facilitate the process of utilizing speech recognition to collect the identity of a caller associated with a call 202. In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a given CFG is personalized for a particular recipient 210 in that it is weighted to favor a set of high probability callers for that recipient. The nature of the content of CFG's 212 will be described in greater detail in relation to
- In accordance with one embodiment, a caller generating a call to system 204 interacts with subsystem 206 and, given a predetermined set of circumstances that will be discussed in relation to
FIG. 4, is prompted to speak his or her name. A whole word pronunciation model (i.e., an acoustic model) of the caller's name is captured and stored (i.e., stored with speech recognition component 222 or with CFG's 212). In order to overcome deficiencies associated with common letter-to-sound rules, the stored word models provide accurate pronunciation information as to how each caller enunciates his or her name. Speech recognition component 222 utilizes stored word models to ascertain the identity of repeat callers by applying the appropriate CFG (i.e., the CFG associated with the appropriate call recipient) and comparing stored word models to a word model generated for an unidentified caller. Each of the described word models can illustratively be a sequence of phonemes or a single speech unit without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- Identification subsystem 226 also includes a caller-ID component 224. Component 224 is illustratively consistent with known caller identification systems wherein a call is associated with a caller based on its associated originating phone number. In accordance with one embodiment, when caller-ID information is available, it is utilized by identification subsystem 206 as a strong but not assumed indication of the caller's identification. For example, even if caller-ID information is available, identification subsystem 206 will still prompt the caller to confirm their identity.
- In accordance with one embodiment, in instances where caller-ID is not helpful in identifying the caller associated with a call 202, contextual information related to the caller-ID information is used intelligently to update probabilities in the CFG framework. Identification subsystem 206 can be configured to utilize supplemental information to assist in making contextual assumptions.
- For example, identification subsystem 206 can be provided with access to a list of individuals expected to be meeting in a plurality of specific conference rooms. When a call comes in that includes traditional caller-ID information consistent with call origination from one of the listed conference rooms, identification subsystem 206 is configured to adjust the relevant call recipient's CFG such that probabilistic weights are increased for callers scheduled to be meeting in that particular conference room. In another example, identification subsystem 206 is provided with access to a list of rooms and employees in a particular building. When a call comes in indicating call origination from a listed conference room, the relevant call recipient's CFG is adjusted such that probabilistic weights are increased for callers working in the same building as the conference room.
- In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, CFG's 212, caller-ID component 224 and speech recognition component 222 are utilized in a predetermined organized scheme to identify a caller. Details as to how the components are systematically applied are described below in relation to
- In accordance with one embodiment, once a caller's identity has been collected and associated with a voice message, message management component 216 will sort and categorize the message accordingly. For example, when a call recipient 210 interacts with voice message subsystem 214 to review new or saved messages, they are illustratively presented with informative caller-based options such as "you have three new messages from you wife, two new messages from your boss and three old messages from Roy Williams...press one to listen to the messages from your wife, two to listen to messages from you boss or three to listen to messages from Roy Williams." This is an improvement over less informative options such as "you have five new messages and three old messages, press one to listen to old messages or two to listen to new messages." In accordance with one embodiment, the sorting is based on subject matter and/or urgency rather than, or in addition to, the identification of callers. Presumptions as to subject matter and/or urgency are illustratively based on the identity of various callers, and are illustratively selected or programmed by a call recipient based on his or her preferences.
- Identification information (i.e., including caller identity as well as presumption-based subject matter and/or urgency information) can be utilized to provide call recipients 210 with intelligent call routing options such as intelligent call screening and/or call forwarding. Such call routing applications will be described in greater detail below in relation to
FIG. 5. Intelligent call management subsystem 226, an optional component, illustratively interacts with identification subsystem 206 and voice message subsystem 214 to provide the intelligent call routing applications.
FIG. 3. is a schematic block representation of CFG's 212, which is actually a collection of individual CFG's. Each individual CFG is illustratively personalized for a specific call recipient 210. The particular CFG utilized in association with speech recognition component 222 to identify a caller is dependent upon to which call recipient a call 202 is directed.
- Identification subsystem 206 enables detailed information related to caller identity to be reliably collected utilizing speech recognition. The speech recognition, which is carried out by component 222, is particularly reliable because it incorporates 1) creation of whole word pronunciation models for the names of repeat callers, and 2) context sensitive personalized speech recognition grammars (i.e., CFG's 212). Still further, traditional caller-ID information, such as that collected by component 224, is utilized when available at least to provide a more accurate probabilistic CFG for the speech recognition identification process. As will be discussed in relation to
FIG. 4, a confirmation process can be implemented to ensure even greater reliability.
- A given CFG is illustratively personalized for a particular recipient 210 in that it is configured to favor a set of high probability callers for that call recipient. In accordance with one embodiment, as is indicated within block 302, the algorithm associated with a CFG is weighted to favor (i.e., language model probabilities are weighted to favor) identification of callers on a frequent caller list maintained by the associated call recipient. In accordance with another embodiment, the algorithm is weighted to favor identification of callers listed on a contact list (i.e., listed in an address book) maintained by the associated call recipient. In accordance with another embodiment, the algorithm is weighted to favor identification of callers that are included on a list of co-workers to which identification subsystem 206 has access. In accordance with another embodiment, contextual presumptions related to the location of call origin (i.e., based on traditional caller-ID information), are utilized to weight CFG probabilities. All or any of these factors, as well as other factors, can be utilized as the basis for personalizing a call recipient's CFG to improve the likelihood of a correct identification. Within
FIG. 3, while a box 302 is only illustrated for one CFG, it is to be understood that the other CFG's are similarly configured.
- As is also indicated within box 302, a CFG can also be optionally utilized as a storage location for data utilized to support caller-ID component 224 or speech recognition component 222. For example, acoustic models can be stored within CFG's 212 and utilized by speech recognition component 222. Information compilations, such as co-worker lists, conference room lists, frequent caller lists, conference attendee lists, building room lists, building employee lists and others can be stored within CFG's 212 and utilized by any component of identification subsystem 206 during the caller identification process. Any of the data can alternatively be accessibly stored in a location independent of CFG's 212 without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, CFG's 212, caller-ID component 224 and speech recognition component 222 are utilized by identification subsystem 206 in a predetermined organized scheme to identify a caller.
FIG. 4is a flow diagram illustrating steps associated with the predetermined organized scheme.
- The process of
FIG. 4illustratively begins when a call 202 is engaged by voice message management system 204. The first step, as is indicated by block 402 is to utilize caller-ID component 224 to ascertain whether any identification conclusions can be drawn based simply on traditional caller-ID information. In other words, the determination is made as to whether a phone number corresponding to the call 202 is associated with an identified individual. If the caller-ID information is enough to make a reasonable educated guess as to caller identity, then the process proceeds directly to a name confirmation process, which is identified in FIG. 4as block 408.
- Block 408 represents a step wherein identification subsystem 206 obtains confirmation from the caller as to who the caller is. Step 408 serves to confirm or deny an educated identification guess made by identification subsystem 206. For example, the caller is asked a simple question such as "are you Nick Collison?" If the confirmation is unsuccessful, then, in accordance with block 406, a question and answer session is conducted with the caller in order to collect a spoken sample from the caller (i.e., the caller's spoken name), and to identify the caller based on the spoken sample using speech recognition component 222 and CFG's 212.
- In particular, following collection of the spoken sample from the caller, the sample is compared by speech recognition component 222 to the language model stored in the relevant call recipient's CFG. This speech recognition process is utilized to make another educated guess as to the caller's identity. The educated guess based on speech recognition is then confirmed or denied by the caller at step 408. If confirmation is denied, then the question and answer session is repeated. The system is illustratively configured to make at least a predetermined number of different identification guesses based on stored speech samples. In accordance with one embodiment, however, after a predetermined number of unsuccessful attempts, the system will give up on identifying the caller. In such cases, the caller's acoustic voice samples may still be stored for subsequent speech recognition identification should the caller's identity subsequently become known. In accordance with one embodiment, identification system 206 enables the user to enter an identity through a telephone keypad.
- If the educated guess based on speech recognition is successfully confirmed, then step 410 is performed. At step 410, acoustic data is stored for subsequent use by speech recognition component 222. In accordance with one embodiment, speech recognition component 222 saves either a predetermined number or an unlimited number of acoustic samples for each caller. Maintaining multiple samples enables recognition component 222 to make more accurate comparisons during the identification process (i.e., multiple samples can be compared to a target for greater accuracy).
- Following storage of acoustic data, in accordance with block 412, a frequent caller list is updated. The CFG associated with the recipient 210 to which the call 202 was directed illustratively is weighted towards identifying a list of frequent callers. Following a successful and confirmed identification of a caller, in accordance with block 412, the list of callers is modified to add one call to the number of calls received from the confirmed caller. As the list of frequent callers is updated, the weighted CFG should also be updated accordingly. Such updates to the CFG can be accomplished upon command, after every call or on a periodic basis (i.e., daily, weekly, monthly, etc.) It should be noted that, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, any CFG preference information source (i.e., frequent callers, names from contact list, list of co-workers, etc.) can be modified, the modified information being utilized to update one or more CFG's on a periodic or requested basis.
- It should be noted that if the caller's identification is successfully confirmed based on caller-ID information alone, then step 412 is the next step because step 410 can be skipped because no acoustic speech data is available.
- Referring back to block 402, there will be some instances when received caller-ID information is not enough to identify the caller but is enough to give some contextual clue that can be utilized to weight a recipient's CFG toward a proper identification (see "conference room" examples above). In accordance with block 404, CFG weights are adjusted in accordance with contextual caller-ID information. Following the adjustment, in accordance with block 406, an acoustic sample is obtained during a question and answer session with the caller. The remainder of the identification process, including the confirmation step 408, is repeated as indicated in the flow chart and described above.
- With still further reference to block 402, in some instances, no useful caller-ID information will be available at all. In such instances, the step 406 question and answer session is conducted immediately and the process repeats itself as indicated in the flow chart and described above.
- In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, a caller's identity is collected and confirmed while the caller is still on the line. Accordingly, the collected and confirmed caller identity can be utilized for call routing applications such as but not limited to call screening and call forwarding. The call routing applications are illustratively implemented utilizing intelligent call management subsystem 226 (
FIG. 2), which is an optional component.
FIG. 5is a flow chart illustrating intelligent call screening, in accordance with one aspect of the present invention. The process illustratively begins when a call 202 comes into the system. The first step, which is indicated by block 502, is for system 221 to determine whether the intelligent screen function is on. If it is not, then all calls are routed through to their intened recipient (block 510). If the function is on, then the caller's identity is ascertained by subsystem 206 in accordance with block 504. The identity is illustratively, although not necessarily, ascertained utilizing the process described in relation to FIG. 4.
- In accordance with block 506, the ascertained caller identity is compared to system settings to determine if the caller is allowed to get through to the intended recipient 210. If they are allowed, then the call is connected in accordance with block 510. If they are not allowed, then, in accordance with block 508 the caller is transferred to voice message subsystem 214 in order to leave a message.
- In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, call forwarding works similar to the described call screening. The primary difference is that instead of utilizing the identity information as a basis for routing a call to either the recipient or a voice message system, the identity information is utilized as a basis for routing a call to one location or another (i.e., to one phone number or another).
- In summary, embodiments of the present invention pertain to use of speech recognition to gather caller information in voice message and call routing systems, particularly in circumstances where traditional caller-ID is not adequate or not available at all. In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, caller identification with speech recognition is accomplished in association with the following system components:
- 1. A personalized CFG is utilized for each potential call recipient. The CFG favors a set of high probability callers. The favored callers belong to a set of names that are given preferences over the rest of common names by getting a higher Language Model weight. For example, frequent callers to a recipient might be favored, names from his/her contact list might be favored, or people who work in the same department might be favored, etc.
- 2. A whole word (acoustic) model of a name pronunciation for each repeat caller is generated from recordings derived from previous calls. This word model provides accurate pronunciation information as to how each caller enunciates his/her name to overcome the deficiency of common letter-to-sound rules.
- 3. Traditional caller-ID information is utilized in the confirmation process. When appropriate, caller-ID information, if available, is used intelligently in the probability based framework to directly bring the caller into the confirmation process.
- 4. Probabilistic CFG is weighted by context. Even in cases where traditional caller-ID is not a trustworthy indicator of caller identity, it still can provide useful context information within the probabilistic based system.
- 5. Intelligent call screening and call forwarding services can be provided. The system can be extended to be utilized as an intelligent call screening and/or forwarding application.
Claims (17)
- A computer implemented method at a voice management system (204) for ascertaining an identity of a telephone caller associated with an incoming telephone call (202) that is directed to a specific potential call recipient, the method comprising:creating and storing for a plurality of potential call recipients (210), including the specific potential call recipient, a personalized speech recognition grammar (212) including at least one callers list for each potential call recipient, the personalized speech recognition grammar being weighted to favor identification of a set of high probability callers for each potential call recipientobtaining a speech sample from the telephone caller; andselecting the identity of the telephone caller based at least in part on the speech sample applied to the personalized speech recognition grammar associated with the specific potential call recipient.
- The method of claim 1, wherein storing a speech recognition grammar that is weighted comprises storing a speech recognition grammar having weighted language model probabilities.
- The method of claim 1, wherein storing a speech recognition grammar that favors a set of high probability callers comprises storing a speech recognition grammar that is weighted to favor identification of at least one frequent caller.
- The method of claim 1, wherein storing a speech recognition grammar that favors a set of high probability callers comprises storing a speech recognition grammar for the specific potential call recipient that is weighted to favor identification of at least one caller who is listed on a contact list maintained by the specific potential call recipient.
- The method of claim 1, wherein storing a speech recognition grammar that favors a set of high probability callers comprises storing a speech recognition grammar for the specific potential call recipient that is weighted to favor identification of at least one co-worker of the specific potential call recipient.
- The method of claim 1, wherein storing a speech recognition grammar that favors a set of high probability callers comprises storing a speech recognition grammar that is weighted to favor identification of at least one potential caller affiliated with a location from which the phone call is originating.
- The method of claim 6, wherein storing a speech recognition grammar that is weighted to favor identification of at least one potential caller associated with a location from which the phone call is originating comprises:storing a speech recognition grammar that is weighted to favor identification of at least one potential caller affiliated with a location indicated in caller-ID information associated with the phone call.
- The method of claim 1, further comprising interacting with the telephone caller to confirm the identity.
- The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:receiving a voice message from the telephone caller for the specific potential call recipient; andsorting the voice message with other voice messages based at least in part on the identity of the phone caller.
- The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises routing the phone call based on the identity of the telephone caller.
- The method of claim 10, wherein routing the phone call comprises routing at least one call associated with predetermined identity to a voice message system.
- The method of claim 10, wherein routing the phone call comprises routing at least one call associated with predetermined identity to an alternate call forwarding number.
- The method of claim 10, wherein routing the phone call comprises routing the phone call directly to its intended call recipient.
- The method of claim 1, further comprising creating and storing a plurality of whole word name pronunciation models for a plurality of potential callers.
- The method of claim 1, wherein any of the speech recognition grammars stores a plurality of acoustic name pronunciation models each derived directly from, and each associated with, an identified caller, and wherein the speech sample is compared to the plurality of acoustic name pronunciation models so as to assign an identity to the telephone caller.
- A computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when carried out by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of one of claims 1 to 15.
- An identification system (206) for a voice message management system (204), configured to facilitate identification of a telephone caller who has initiated a call (202) to a phone call recipient (210), comprising:a personalized speech recognition grammar (212) for the potential call recipient, the personalized speech recognition grammar including at least one callers list for the potential call recipient and storing sequences of acoustic models representing language models, the personalized speech recognition grammar being weighted to favor identification of a set of high probability callers for each potential call recipient;a whole word acoustic sample comprising an acoustic signal produced by a previous caller speaking their name; anda speech recognition component (222) adapted to apply a speech sample obtained from the telephone caller to the speech recognition grammar and the whole word acoustic sample to identify the telephone caller.
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tile floor without grout diy alterna groutable vinyl tile flooring from armstrong alterna can be installed with or without grout depending on the look you like tile wood floor without grout.
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Online Auction for Government Surplus - Auction Ends 12/9/19 - To view auction details go to www.govdeals.com and enter 8149-17606 in the search box.
2000 Caterpillar 446B 4WD Loader / Backhoe. Serial #5BL02165. Hours 4,465. Starts and Runs Diesel Tamper Attachment Included in Sale No Known Major Issues Dents, dings, scratches or scuffs are present. City decals will be removed. Impressions may remain. NOTE: This is a used piece of equipment. Unit may contain defects not immediately detectable or known about. Bidders are highly encouraged to inspect prior to bidding. No warranties or guarantees. Sold "As Is, Where Is".
Watch video: https://youtu.be/He-N_ed6bh8
***GovDeals.com - Bid on Government Auctions to buy Government Surplus.***


text:
Unique silicone extender rings make Frogglez fit even better!
Frogglez patented split strap easily adjusts to fit your kid's head. Each pair ships with a black silicone ring that attaches the goggles to the easy-to-use velcro strap.
If your child needs a smaller size, simply remove the black silicone ring and Frogglez will fit a bit more snugly. If you need to extend the straps, you can add and link as many silicone rings as you need to make them fit just right.
Here is how you use them:
Some children love learning to swim, but others you have to help along. Swimming instruction is critical, but your child will progress faster if they already know a few basic skills. Engage your child in simple at-home activities to develop the emotional and physical skills they'll need to make swim lessons more productive. Consult your pediatrician for additional emotional or physical milestones that indicate pool readiness.
SMALL (Tadpole)
Recommended for kids 3-6 yrs old - Head circumference 15 - 18 inches
MEDIUM (Frog)
Recommended for kids 3-10 yrs old - Head circumference 16 - 22 inches
ADULT (Rayz)
Recommended for 10+ year olds - Head circumference 16-22 inches
Measure the circumference of your child's head using a soft tape measure. The tape should cross the forehead and be less than 1 inch above the height of the ears.
Ordered a wrong size? No problem! Exchange your Frogglez Goggles within 60 days for different size at no charge!


text:
Jim Morin Exhibit Opens Sunday in Miami
By: E&P Staff
An exhibit called "The Incomparable Jim Morin" is running from this Sunday to Dec. 3 at the Alper Jewish Community Center in Miami.
Morin is a Pulitzer Prize-winning editorial cartoonist for The Miami Herald and the Cartoonists & Writers Syndicate/New York Times Syndicate. The show (mentioned on DailyCartoonist.com) includes his paintings.


text:
Novation Launchkey Mini MKII
109,00 €
Novation Launchkey Mini MKII clavier dédié Ableton.
Product Hardware Specifications
- 25 note velocity sensitive mini-key keyboard
- 16 multi-colour backlit velocity sensitive drum pads
- 8 knobs
- 2 octave buttons
- 2 track buttons
- 2 navigation buttons
- InControl button
- 2 multi-colour backlit round buttons
- Micro USB socket
- Kensington security slot
Software Compatibility
Ableton Live Lite 9 is included
If you already have Ableton Live it must be version 9 or greater to work with Launchkey Mini. We recommend that you update to the latest version as previous versions of Ableton Live do not include the Launchkey Mini integration for InControl. Launchkey Mini will also work as a standard MIDI controller.
Novation Launchpad app requires:-
- iOS 6 or greater
- iPad 2 or newer
- Camera connection kit or lightning to USB camera adapter (not included)
Power Requirements
- Fully USB bus powered, including iPad
Product Dimensions
- 325mm width x 175mm depth x 43mm height
OS Compatibility
Mac OSX 10.10
Mac OSX 10.9
Mac OSX 10.8
Mac OSX 10.7
Windows 8
Windows 7


text:
0.7 kg
This product is no longer in stock
Warning: Last items in stock!
Availability date:
M052 grenade launcher.
Color BLACK.
Weight 720gr.
20mm top rail for fixing accessories.
Built in full metal except the polymer grip.
For 40mm SOFTAIR/AIRSOFT grenades.
No customer reviews for the moment.
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text:
Food literature review | BESTSOCIAL.IR
As the foods literature review of these chronic diseases increase, it is becoming ever more crucial to address the physiological connection between diet and mood disorders and to explore the metabolic causes.
While the literature reflects that effective medical treatments for depression and anxiety exist, obvious gaps in comprehensive care remain. Integrative mental healthcare applies the most effective tools from medicine and complementary and food literature review medicine to create the best possible outcomes.
The metabolic syndrome, formerly known as syndrome X, includes the following criteria4: The chief predictors of mortality are hypertension and high fasting blood glucose level.
Stress and nutrition have important roles in depressive conditions. Wurtman5 found that when under trauma or stress a malnourished or obese food literature review was susceptible to anxiety and depression. Lustig6 suggests that a likely business plan business aims is the effect on blood glucose and insulin levels after stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis HPA axis.
The physiological cascade would look like Table 2: The cascade in Table 2 continues putting increased stress on all endocrine organs, the cardiovascular system, and the liver until diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, or heart disease.
The first part of the negative loop shows that leptein food literature review signals are diminished, causing a sense of starvation, subsequent cravings for immediate carbohydrates, weight food literature review, dampened central nervous system function, decreased desire for energy expenditure and physical activity, and increased depression because of a combination of reasons. The Food for Mood Diet 1. Mitigate Stress by Eating Every Hours The food literature review continues putting increased stress on all endocrine organs, the cardiovascular system, and the liver until diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, or heart disease.
Avoid All-Carbohydrate Meals While trauma, medication, and daily stress have a large role in mediation of the HPA axis, predisposing patients to mood disorders, the metabolic syndrome, and food literature review chronic illness, research shows that daily nutrient intake can alter the ability of an individual to cope, either preempting or facilitating a continuation of the HPA-induced glucose and insulin resistance.
Furthermore, researchers in Canada found that a behavior therapy weight college research paper program for patients with antipsychotic-induced weight gain was effective in normalizing weight and controlling for metabolic risk profile. This shows that dietary approaches to food literature review disorders can be incorporated into primary treatment in an integrative setting with pharmacotherapy.
Fiber is filling; sugar is killing In a cross-national epidemiological study of major depression and bipolar disorder, Westover and Marangell8 reported a correlation between sugar consumption calories per capita per day and national prevalence of major depression.
Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW Literature Review Western Governors University Literature Review The professional setting is a public healthcare facility that has licensed for 1, beds and budgeted to staff bed. This facility provides emergency, inpatient, and outpatient services with full-time physicians and registered nurses (RNs).
Although the cause was speculative, 6 countries demonstrated an association of sugar consumption food literature review annual depression rate. The investigators concluded that further research is needed to elucidate cafe culture food technology coursework connection. Eat the vegetables too. No matter what else you eat, never skip the greens. In a clinical trial, Markus9 found that eating regular meals that include complex carbohydrates with fiber results in better performance, improved mood, and increased tryptophan levels.
Reasons are because of speed, convenience and price. However, fast food has many hidden costs,including the high price of bad food literature review. So the real reason is not price, butconvenience.
You can get much cheaper food by cooking for yourself, but you are notalways at home to do the cooking, or you do not always food literature review like cooking. Consumer perception about fast food in India: They food literature review homemade food is much better than food served atfast food outlets.
They have the highest value for taste and quality nutritional values followed by ambience and hygiene. Further, consumers feel that fast food outlets must provideadditional information on nutritional values and hygiene conditions insidekitchen.
This section presents ERG's literature review of preventive controls for microbiological, chemical, and physical food safety problems in the food processing industry.
There is need tocommunicate the information about hygiene and nutrition value of fastfood which will help in building trust in the food provided by fast food players. Obliviously one of the example is Fast Food Industry. The rate of growth in consumer expenditures on fast food has led most food literature review segments of the food-away-from home market for much of the last two decades.
Sincethere is growth rate inconsumer spending at fast food. The consumers spent at fast food outlets grew at an annually he proportion of away-from-home food expenditures on fast food also increased.
The Food for Mood Diet: A Literature Review, Highlight of Principles, and Initial Study Design
Everyone foods literature review Fast Food even knowing that it is not healthy for them. Reasons are because of speed, convenience and price. research paper topics related to literature fast food has many hidden costs,including the high price of bad health.
So the real reason is not price, butconvenience.
Full Research Partners:
You can get much cheaper food by cooking for yourself, but you are notalways at home to do the cooking, or you do not always feel like cooking. It is one of the largest foods literature review on the community as a whole especially on children, teens, and even adults. Fast food is a multibillion dollar industry that has influence on what and how we eat.
On average one-fifth of the American food literature review eat in a fast food restaurant each day. This is becoming an escalating problem since fast food restaurants are provoking obesity from a very young age. It is believe that people who consume this in a daily basis will lack a good nutrition as well as a good physical condition.
Fast food is definitely a problem that foods literature review us as a society, obesity, food literature review issues, cost cares, franchises in business, laws and regulations are some of the issues fast food involves.
dreamviewhotel.000webhostapp.com media, the government, the school authorities should all be involved and concern with major influences and consequences fast food to their communities.
In order to understand this global influence, fast food conveys, this three important questions should be considered. What kinds of campaigns and advertisements have been developed to inform the community of the bad food literature review fast food has? Fast food advertisement targeting children, teens, and young adults for which reasons? What is the food literature review of this? Why is it considered bad or unhealthy?
The food literature review review on literature will highlight the attempts made on informing the community about fast food consumption, reflect on the bad influence fast food brings as a whole, and discuss the importance of preventing fast food consumption in a future.
Understanding the Gaps: A Food Safety Literature Review
Fast food influence is a serious concern affecting worldwide, hire someone to write a paper and organizations have developed a variety of campaigns to inform and educate people and promote the food literature review and consequences of consuming fast food.
Since fast food consumption influence arouse campaigns in mass media, schools and communities have been made to reach a variety of discourse communities and the genre of this campaigns cover different information. Following the First World War drive-in restaurants, fast food, were introduced.