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KR20080110593A - Location-based caching for mobile devices - Google PatentsLocation-based caching for mobile devices Download PDF
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- location
- communication device
- mobile communication
- content
- map
- Prior art date
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0 abstract 1
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in preceding groups G01C1/00-G01C19/00
- G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in preceding groups G01C1/00-G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
- G01C21/28—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in preceding groups G01C1/00-G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network with correlation of data from several navigational instruments
- G01C21/30—Map- or contour-matching
- G01C21/32—Structuring or formatting of map data
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network-specific arrangements or communication protocols supporting networked applications
- H04L67/28—Network-specific arrangements or communication protocols supporting networked applications for the provision of proxy services, e.g. intermediate processing or storage in the network
- H04L67/2842—Network-specific arrangements or communication protocols supporting networked applications for the provision of proxy services, e.g. intermediate processing or storage in the network for storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network-specific arrangements or communication protocols supporting networked applications
- H04L67/28—Network-specific arrangements or communication protocols supporting networked applications for the provision of proxy services, e.g. intermediate processing or storage in the network
- H04L67/2866—Architectural aspects
- H04L67/289—Architectural aspects where the intermediate processing is functionally located closer to the data consumer application, e.g. in same machine, in same home or in same subnetwork
In general, a navigation application for a mobile device operates by downloading to the device a map corresponding to a pre-calculated route or estimated area to which the user of the mobile device is to travel. In general, when using map services provided by a web-based provider or on data maintained on a personal computer or server, a user specifies a starting point, a destination and a potential short-term stay destination, and then a static route based on these locations Is calculated. The complete map of the route is downloaded to the mobile device.
There are big limitations with these existing navigation applications. First, the navigation path is static and bound to a given starting point and destination. If the user determines that the path should be changed, the path stored in the mobile device cannot be changed dynamically. Second, in most cases the map data is vector based and only one map type is supported, i.e. the resolution can be adjusted, but the aerial type, topographic map, or other tentative view of the map type, e.g. Changing to a map is not possible. Furthermore, such navigation applications do not account for device performance constraints such as memory limitations for map storage, limited processor allocation, for example. In addition, the navigation application only supports map data in most cases, not any kind of location-based data that may be of interest to the user of the mobile device.
Location-based caching systems allow mobile communication devices to dynamically provide content related to a user's location. In an exemplary form, the content includes a series of map segments that predict the path the user of the mobile device will travel. For example, other related content may also be provided, such as points of interest associated with the path to be traveled. The content information may be selected contextually based on, for example, user preferences, movement information, and device state information.
The mobile device may be comprised of several components that enable a location based caching system including a location determining module, a direction estimator module, a content acceptor, a content acceptor, a connection management module and a caching module. The position determining module determines the current position of the mobile communication device. The direction estimator module estimates the future location of the mobile communication device. The content receiver stores the content related to the future location. The connection management module provides a network connection to the mobile communication device. The caching module selects content associated with the future location from an alternative content source external to the mobile communication device or from the content receiver via the connection management module. The system may further include a content server that provides content related to the future location to the mobile communication device via a network connecting the mobile communication device and the content server. The system may also include a source of current location information about the mobile communication device accessible by the mobile communication device, such as, for example, global satellite positioning information.
Location-based caching systems track the current location of the mobile communication device and predict the future location of the mobile communication device. Based on the prediction of the future location, the caching module determines whether content related to the future location is currently stored on the mobile communication device. If there is no suitable content on the mobile device, the caching module will retrieve the content from the content server via a network connection.
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form, the content of which will be described in more detail in the following examples. This Summary is not intended to identify basic or essential features of the invention, nor is it intended to limit the claims of the invention. Other features, details, uses, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of various embodiments and implementations, as well as those defined in the appended drawings and the claims.
1 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between a mobile device, a content server, and a geographic location information source.
2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary location based caching operation on a mobile device.
3 is a flow diagram of a series of operations performed by a location based caching system that dynamically provides content to a mobile device;
4 is a schematic diagram of a location-aware system for providing content within a location based caching system.
5 is a schematic state diagram of interaction in the development of a location aware application.
6 is a flow diagram of a signposting and orientation operation for providing content within a location based caching system.
FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a beacon setting and directed operation providing further details with respect to FIG. 6.
8 is a schematic diagram of a general purpose mobile device that may be used in the implementation of a location based caching system.
9 is a schematic diagram of a general purpose computer system that may be used in the implementation of a location based caching system.
The technology disclosed herein is designed to provide other content and mobile communication device map data that is specific to the location and interest of the user but independent of the route calculated for the user. Map data rules are intelligently and dynamically downloaded to mobile devices as needed. This technique is generally referred to herein as a location based caching system.
Map data may be provided to a mobile device according to a plurality of parameters including: direction of movement, speed (current and average) and context. The context may be understood in view of the global context, i.e., the geographical location or environment of the user and the local context, i.e. the user profile including the symbols, the interests, the location of the user and the hardware and software capabilities and limitations of the mobile device.
The resolution of the selected map depends on the speed of movement, context (eg, including points of interest), available map data and constraints or capabilities of the mobile communication device (eg, memory, display size and resolution and processor speed). Thus, the map selected for display on the mobile device is configured to meet appropriate criteria. The download interval to the mobile device also depends on the user's movement speed, connection options and context, including speed and memory allocation.
Segments of map data may be calculated based on the analysis of location and contextual information, for example based on size and resolution, and downloaded from the content server to the mobile device. The map segment may also be deleted from the mobile device based on similar criteria. Map data can also be enriched by multimedia data with location information. The benefits of location-based caching systems can be enhanced by combining with smart connection management and location management technologies.
Location based caching system 100 is shown in FIG. 1. System 100 is generally a client-server model and located around mobile device 102. Mobile device 102 is a mobile phone, PDA, mobile storage device (e.g., MP3 player or portable photo / telephone library), GPS device, automotive information center (e.g., ONSTAR of General Motors Corporation). ), Or any other portable device capable of receiving geographic location data and interfacing with network 122 to receive additional content. The content server 124 is connected with the mobile device 102 via the network 122. The system 100 may also include a global positioning system (GPS) service 116 or other way of determining the geographic location of the mobile device 102 and interfacing with the mobile device 102.
Mobile device 102 includes several modules or components for implementing location based caching operations, as shown in FIG. Such a module may include a location management module 104, a movement direction estimator module 106, a caching module 108, and a connection management module 114. The location management module 104, the movement direction estimator module 106 and the caching module 108 mainly implement intelligent and dynamic selection of map data for display on the mobile device 102. In addition, mobile device 102 may include a content receptor 110 for storage of map data and a context receptor 112 for storing user preferences or other contextual information. The content receptor 110 and the context receptor 112 may take the form of data structures in the general memory of the mobile device 102.
As shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1, mobile device 102 may communicate with content server 124 via a connection with one or more networks 122. The network 122 may be, for example, a local area network (LAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wide area network (WAN), the Internet, a telephone network, a microwave network (eg, WiMAX), a wireless network (eg, : GPRS) or an optical network or a combination thereof.
Mobile device 102 may be capable of being connected to multiple networks simultaneously. For example, if the mobile device 102 is a wireless phone, the mobile device may be a Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) standard, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) standard, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) standard, or any network phone. Standards can be used to connect to voice telephone networks. Data may be transmitted alternately or simultaneously using Circuit Switched Data (CSD), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) or any other data transmission protocol.
The network connection may be managed by the connection manager 114. The connection manager 114 serves to select the best network connection for downloading data from the content server 124 to the mobile device 102 based on available hardware. One example implementation of a suitable connection manager module is implemented within the Microsoft Windows Mobile (MICROSOFT WINDOWS MOBILE) platform. Exemplary connection types include Bluetooth, GPRS, WLAN, and UMTS. If the mobile device 102 can handle multiple protocols or have multiple communication interfaces, it is also possible to select more than one connection type. The selection of the most appropriate data transfer option depends on a number of factors, including the amount of data to be transferred, the type of connection available, the operation currently being performed by the mobile device, and any user preferences defined within the context acceptor 112. . For example, if a user is using a web browser application on mobile device 102 and is currently downloading information over a WLAN using the GPRS protocol, the connection manager 114 may provide a Bluetooth interface capable of using map data. Can be instructed to download. When no WLAN connection is occupied, the connection manager 114 may redirect the download operation to take place over a WLAN interface with a higher data rate.
Content server 124 includes a data store 126 and a connection service that provides an interface between content server 124 and mobile device 102. Data store 126 stores map data to be uploaded to mobile device 102 as required. In an example embodiment, the connection service may be a web service. The main function of the web service is to provide the necessary map data in response to the estimated movement direction of the mobile device 102. The web service provided by the content server 124 may further select map data from the data store 126 based on the contextual information provided by the context acceptor 112 in the mobile device 102.
As shown in FIG. 1, the mobile device may receive topographic location data directly from the GPS service 116 or alternatively from another source. In order to receive topographic location data from the GPS service 116, the mobile device 102 generally includes a GPS receiver chip or is connected with an external GPS device via cable or Bluetooth. Such a GPS receiver is tuned to receive signals from global positioning satellites and triangulates the location of the mobile device 102. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, such a GPS device will be integrated into the location management module 104 as described further below.
Alternatively, mobile device 102 may determine the geographical location by interfacing with WLAN 118, GPRS network 120, or any other wireless network technology standard using a plurality of transponders. If there are at least three wireless transmission sources within range of the mobile device 102, the location manager 104 within the mobile device 102 may triangulate the topographic location based on the fixed location of the wireless network transponder. . The location manager 104 may query the transponder to provide such fixed location information.
The geographic location may be further determined by direct data entry by the user of the mobile device 102 or by any location source. Location manager 104 may use any or all sources of location information, such as GPS, other triangulation schemes, direct input, or any other scheme. The mobile device 102 is unknown to the source of the location information when further determining appropriate map data for display.
The movement direction estimator 106 receives the actual topographic position of the mobile device 102 from the location manager 104 and estimates the direction in which the user of the mobile device 102 will move. This estimate is based on this actual location information, the direction of the user's movement, environmental context information, and user context information for a previous time period (e.g., the duration may vary further depending on the user's speed within the last few minutes or seconds). Can be calculated based on this. For example, a user may be in a car moving along a highway at a constant speed. This environmental context information can be extrapolated based on map coordinates and speed. Thus, the movement direction estimator 106 may determine from this context that the user will continue moving along the highway. Alternatively, if the user's speed decreases over a few seconds and the map of the area points to an intersection with another road, this information suggests a possibility for the user to change direction and the system 100 may accept this change. I can prepare.
The movement direction estimator 106 can calculate the future estimated position of the user using any of several different algorithms. Exemplary algorithms may include any linear or nonlinear extrapolation of tracked paths. Extrapolation means that the algorithm should be able to estimate where the user of the device can be within a significant time with the highest probability from the stored point of the tracked path. The particular algorithm may be selected for any one of a variety of reasons, such as the speed of the processor in the mobile device 102, the memory allocation requirements, or a number of variables that are desired to be considered. The movement direction estimator 106 may also be open for implementation of application specific algorithms.
Once determined by the movement direction estimator 106, the estimated position is provided to the caching module 108 to initialize all relevant maps and other data. The caching module 108 determines, depending on the location and current context of the user, whether data should be preloaded from the content server 124 and whether the local content receiver 110 can be erased. When data (eg, a map) is requested from the location manager 104, the caching module 108 retrieves this data from the local content receiver 110 generally. Otherwise, if the data is not stored locally, the data is uploaded immediately from the content server 124. Furthermore, if there is little storage space available in the memory of the mobile device 102, the caching module 108 removes from the content receiver 110 the data identified as being the furthest distance from the expected or actual location of the user. do. The caching module 108 removes from the context acceptor 112 the most inappropriate data to apply to the expected or actual location of the user.
The content receptor 110 is a data store for location based data. In one implementation, content receiver 110 may be a simple binary file to minimize the required resources of mobile device 102. In another implementation, the content receptor 110 may be a mobile database. In one implementation, using object-oriented data structures, location-based data can be encapsulated in a class that includes the following example interfaces:
a) calculating the distance between the data and the user's current given location;
b) type of location based data;
c) amount of location based data;
b) priority of location-based data; And
e) Get function for location based data.
This data class can be structured within a container class that holds all of the objects (in the case of a database, this container class is the only interface). The container class can provide the following example interface:
a) get the list of objects and the minimum distance to a given point;
b) get the list of objects and the minimum distance to a given line;
c) get the list of objects and the minimum distance to a given area;
d) get a list of given regions and objects;
e) add object (s); And
f) Delete the object (s).
In this way, maps and other content stored in content receiver 110 stored on mobile device 102 (ie, "objects" in memory) can be compared to the user's current location so that caching module 108 can Map selection and memory allocation decisions are made. For example, if the caching module 108 determines that the memory available for storing maps and content is running out, the map furthest from the user's location is discarded to further map the map and content to the user's current location. It can provide a storage space for adding.
The context receptor 112 is a data store for all relevant context data and preferences of the user of the mobile device 102. Exemplary symbols may include:
a) available storage on mobile device 102;
b) average moving speed of the user;
c) preferred means of transportation;
d) type of location dependent data available / preferred;
e) type of map available / preferred;
f) available memory or processor allocation on mobile device 102;
g) size and resolution of the display on mobile device 102;
h) the type of connection available on mobile device 102; And
i) Preferred connection type based on cost.
These data may be provided by a single class / object and may be configurable through a user interface on mobile device 102. In order to avoid user input, a number of parameters can be calculated automatically if possible.
The purpose of collecting and using this type of contextual data is to provide the user with a map that is most appropriate for their environment. For example, the caching module 108 may select an alternative map based on the user's movement. If it is apparent that the user is moving at only the speed possible by the vehicle being moved, the caching module 108 will select a low level road map while covering a large area (eg, miles or kilometers). If the user's personal preference information indicates that the user is traveling using a normal train, the caching module 108 will select a map containing the identified train route and station. Alternatively, if the speed of the user implies that the user is walking, the caching module 108 may select a high level of precision map while covering a narrow area (eg, feet or meters scale).
Depending on the known user preferences to be considered when caching module 108 selects a particular map to download from content server 124, contextual details within the map at various levels may be intelligently provided to the user. If the user's personal preference information indicates that the user frequently enjoys going to a coffee shop or beer shop, the known coffee shop or beer shop location may be displayed as a cover on the map. If the user preference information indicates that the user is on a vacation trip, the marker information may provide on the map a historical place or tourist attraction within a viewable area of the map, such as a battlefield or a museum in a city located along a highway. have. The marker information can also indicate the direction of any attraction outside the visible area of the displayed map.
Note that a central content server is not necessary, but instead that content can be retrieved from multiple distributed or unrelated content servers. Furthermore, content is not limited to maps. For example, if the user is visiting a tourist attraction, the caching module 108 may obtain the content from the server identified as providing a point of interest content related to the particular location or attraction. For example, a museum can provide multimedia content that can be displayed on mobile device 102 for a user who is sightseeing there. Exemplary content may include audio commentary guided tour or descriptive information about an exhibit. As described in connection with the map, this contextual content may be downloaded and cached only as needed to accommodate memory or other constraints. The location based caching system may support the download and display of any data type in connection with the location aware framework as described in more detail herein in order to provide appropriate contextual content. The data may also be provided to any other application on mobile device 102 for display, location calculation, or any other supported purpose.
Caching module 108 may make content storage and presentation decisions based on memory allocation, processor demand, and other contextual information of mobile device 102 at any given time. For example, when the available memory on mobile device 102 is not sufficient to store the required map for the entire planned route, location-based caching system 100 discards the previous map segment from memory and as needed. By downloading a future map segment, it is possible to dynamically provide the user with an appropriate map for the entire journey. Location-based caching system 100 thus provides a significant advantage over other techniques for downloading and statically storing maps based on predefined routes prior to travel. The caching module 108 may also take into account the size and resolution of a particular display for the mobile device 102 and may provide higher resolution content to the mobile device 102 that may support the high resolution content.
The connection manager 114 may also use user preference information in the context acceptor 112 as well as state information of the mobile device 102 to make connection decisions. For example, based on the data plan associated with the user's mobile device 102, different pricing structures may be applied for data transmission over the same service or protocol at different times of the day. Alternatively, a user may subscribe to a particular provider's subscription WiFi service. If the user is within a particular location serviced by multiple WiFi providers, the connection manager 114 will select a user subscription service rather than another available service. In another example, if the connection manager recognizes that the mobile device 102 is docked or connected to a wired network, the connection manager 114 may use such a wired network, rather than a wireless option, for higher data transfer rates. You can choose.
A simple example implementation of a location based caching system for a mobile device is shown in FIG. 2. At a first time, the mobile device display 200 displays a first map 202 that indicates the user's location within the terrain context represented by the first map 202. The first map 202 is provided to the display 200 by the caching module 210. The user is depicted being driven along a first highway 206 toward an intersection with a second highway 208.
For example, the length of travel time of the car 204 on the first highway 206, the previous environmental information and other contextual information such as previous travel and other considerations by the user on the first highway 206. Based on this, the caching module 210 expects the user to move along the first highway 206 past the intersection with the second highway 208. Thus, caching module 210 has stored second map 202a prior to the second time as shown in proposed display 200a. The second map 202a estimates the location of the user's car along the first highway 206 past the intersection with the second highway 208.
However, the location manager and the moving direction estimator provide the caching module 210 with updated information indicating that the user's speed is decreasing. From the positional and contextual information of the first map 202, the caching module 210 is driven by alternative locations 204 ′, 204 ″ of cars on the second highway 208 within the first map 202. As indicated, it may be determined that the user is likely to turn to the second highway 208. Thus, instead of displaying the second map 202a, the caching module 210 may replace the content server 212. May be searched for alternative maps that may address the possibility of the user turning to the second highway 208.
Once the location manager determines that the user has turned in a particular direction, the caching module 210 displays the appropriate third map 202b in the display 200b so that the car 204 proceeds to the second highway 204. Indicate the way to go and the terrain in the direction of the second highway 208. As shown in connection with the third map 202b of the display 202b, the third map 202b is dynamically downloaded from the content server 212 by the caching module 210.
3 is a series of exemplary operations performed by the location manager module 104, the movement direction estimator module 106, and the caching module 108 of FIG. 1 to provide location based caching functionality to the mobile device 102. 300 is shown. In search operation 302, location manager 104 determines the topographic location of mobile device 102. As previously described, the search process 302 may be performed by GPS or other triangulation scheme or simply based on user input. Next, in the determination operation 302, the moving direction estimator 106 determines the moving direction of the moving device 102. Then, in a development operation 306, the caching module 108 develops an estimated future position of the mobile device 102. As previously described, this development operation 306 may take into account additional contextual elements, such as the user preferences stored within the context receptor 112 and the specific environment of the mobile device 102.
Based on the positional, directional and contextual information, the caching module 108 may initiate a query operation 308 to determine whether the appropriate next map is already stored on the mobile device. If there is already a suitable map, caching module 108 will retrieve the next map from content receiver 110 in search operation 310. Alternatively, if in query operation 308 the caching module 108 determines that the next map that is appropriate for the mobile device 102 has not yet been stored, the caching module 108 in the connect operation 312 may determine that the network ( 122 is connected to the content server 124. The caching module 108 then downloads the appropriate next map from the content server 124 in the download operation 314. Once the caching module 108 has retrieved the next map from the content acceptor 110 or has downloaded the map from the content server 124, the appropriate next map is displayed to the user via a display on the mobile device in display operation 316 ( 316).
4 illustrates a location aware system 400 that may be implemented as part of a location based caching system to provide a suitable map for a mobile device. Location aware system 400 includes location manager 420, location aware application 430, and map manager 440. Location manager 420 is connected with one or more location sources 425 (1-N) . The map manager 440 is connected with one or more map repositories 442, a map generator 444, and a map web service 446.
The location manager 420 is configured to receive location information from one or more mobile device location sources 425 (1 -N) and abstract the location information to location events to be provided to the location aware application 430. Mobile device location source 425 (1-N) may be any that provides location information about an item. For example, one mobile device location source may be a GPS receiver. Another mobile device location source may be a user input indicating a user's location. For example, the user may indicate to the mobile device that the user is at a particular location through a user input. The user may enter a location on the mobile device, for example, via a user interface such as a keypad, touch screen or voice recognition. Another mobile device location source may be an RFID tag. Each mobile device source 425 (1-N) may provide location data of different resolutions. For example, some location information sources may be very sophisticated, while other location sources may be sophisticated only within defined areas such as, for example, adjacent areas or road ranges.
Mobile device location source 425 (1-N) may be an adjacent or remote location source. The adjacent source may be location generating hardware, including but not limited to the GPS receiver or the mobile device itself that determines its location from network information. The remote location source may be returned (retrieved through a web request or an incoming Short Message Service (SMS) message that arrives with the location of the car), for example, pushed or pulled from a remote network source ) Location information). Both neighboring and remote location sources can be treated as abstract logical entities. This makes the programming model similar for many different types of location information.
Once location data is received, location manager 420 determines whether any location event associated with location aware application 430 has been triggered. The location manager 420 does not merely provide raw information from the location source to the location-aware application 430, but rather the logical occurrence of the occurrence of an item having a predetermined logical relationship with the region of interest, such as entering or leaving the region of interest. Provide an event. The area can be associated with any area if it is of interest and can be indoor or outdoor. For example, indoor locations may be used to indicate the location of fixed assets (eg, conference rooms) and / or movable assets (eg, people, office equipment, or inventory). The outdoor region of interest may be a surrounding area of an urban area, a building or other landmark, or some other predefined area. The outdoor region of interest may also be a movable asset (eg a car or a person).
The location aware application does not interpret the raw location data, but registers a location event based on the relationship to the region of interest of the item. When a predefined location event occurs, location manager 420 notifies location aware application 430. At this point, the location aware application 430 executes an event driven code routine developed to handle location events. The location aware application 430 thus responds to the generated location event.
When a location event occurs, location aware application 430 provides map manager 440 with a set of weighted determination criteria. For example, the weighting criteria may include the proposed map resolution along with the set of objects that the location aware application 430 wants to be displayed on the map drawn by the map generator 444. Location-aware application 430 may also provide an object that location-aware application 430 wants to be rendered on an existing or generated map. In addition to the location aware application 430 responding to an event driving the rendering of the map by the map manager 440, the location aware application 430 may be self-driven. For example, the location aware application 430 may have a timer that periodically "fetches" information and requests the rendering of a new map by the map manager 440. Accordingly, the location aware application 430 can "fetch" data and take action in addition to "fetch" of the event drive response.
The map manager 440 abstracts the map information from the location aware application 430 so that the location aware application 430 does not need to know the details of how the map or location information is processed. Instead of including complex map rendering code, the location aware application 430 provides the map manager 440 with the name or type of map to display. Map generator 444 is not limited to any single application or rendering engine. For example, one rendering engine may be vector based, while another rendering engine may be bitmap based. Map manager 440 consequently provides location aware application 430 with an interface for interacting with map generator 444.
Map manager 440 provides a rich feature set to location aware application 430 without having to know the details of how location aware application 430 will implement the map code. For example, suppose that when a user points to an area on the map, the application 430 wants to be able to convert that data into latitude and longitude, or, in the case of an indoor map, to an indoor coordinate system. The map manager 440 provides information to the location aware application 430. Map manager 440 acts like a broker between location aware application 430 and map generator 444 and map web service 446 and provides functionality to location aware application 430.
Some of the functionality includes mapping X / Y screen coordinates on the mobile device to latitude / longitude / altitude map coordinates on the map. For example, a user may click on a screen on which a map is currently displayed to input his location. In response to the user input, the map manager 440 may map the X / Y screen position to latitude / longitude / altitude map location. Similarly, map manager 440 maps latitude / longitude / altitude map data to X / Y screen data to enable location aware application 430 to dynamically render on the currently displayed map. The rendering of some maps, such as ski area maps, can have a significant impact on X / Y location.
There are various ways to convert X / Y coordinates to latitude / longitude / altitude coordinates. In general, the map manager 440 receives the X / Y screen coordinates, fits the coordinates to the map, and then uses the projection technique to provide latitude / longitude / altitude coordinates based on the map's scale and map boundaries. The location aware application 430 does not need to know how the map is rendered or what "projection techniques" are used. Many different map projection techniques are possible, including, but not limited to, classical map projection techniques such as Mercator projection, cylindrical projection, polar projection, grid projection, and custom projection techniques such as ski area maps or stadium seat maps. It doesn't work. The location aware application 430 can move consistently between different projection techniques.
Map manager 440 also provides high level events for the set of available maps for location aware application 430. These events provide the location aware application 430 with important information, such as when several maps that meet the criteria requested by the location aware application 430 are available. The location aware application 430 need not be limited to using one map for display. For example, one application may use a city map for a period of time and then a city map (eg, representing a bus line, a subway tunnel, etc.) for another period of time. The map manager 440 may grade the map in order of goodness of fit. Although no map is available that meets the criteria provided by the location aware application 430, when the map manager 440 can find a map that meets some of the criteria, the map may be provided.
Map manager 440 also enables dynamic provisioning on mobile devices. The map can be downloaded to the mobile device at any point in time. For example, when a new route is added, a new map can be downloaded for public transportation applications. According to one embodiment, these maps are represented using two files, one binary file that the map manager 440 cannot interpret, and one file that the map manager 440 can interpret. According to one embodiment, the map is represented using an XML file. Map manager 440 may read the XML file and obtain the information needed to add the map to the local map data store on the mobile device.
The following is an example XML representation of a map file.
MAPPROJECTION represents the technology used to display the map. In this particular example, the map projection type is a simple grid. METERSPERPIXEL represents the average resolution of the map. MapInfoCIass indicates whether there is a custom class needed to answer the question about this map. This field allows the developer to include a custom class in the program environment that can be called when this map is displayed. Similarly, CUSTOMMAPRENDERER indicates whether a custom rendering engine is used to draw the map. The MAPFILENAME field represents a binary file containing information that the map rendering engine will use to draw the map. The SIMPLELATLONGRECTANGLE field identifies the map as a rectangle defined by latitude and longitude coordinates.
The following example shows some of the custom fields used.
Map manager 440 may be used by application 430 and may have a plurality of maps available on the device in map repository 442. Map manager 440 searches the set of maps available on the device within map repository 442 to find the best map to use. After being selected, the best map is selected and rendered.
5 shows a state diagram 500 of interaction for development of a map recognition application. Beginning at state 510, the terrain region of interest is defined. The selection of the region of interest may be made before or after the location aware application is developed. In addition, this information may be sent to the mobile device at any time. The region of interest may be a predefined region associated with the map. The region of interest can be any size that can be defined. For example, the region of interest may be several square meters or a country-wide size. The region of interest is defined based on the needs of the location aware application.
For example, suppose the location-aware application being developed determines when a child leaves school and arrives home. In this particular example, the region of interest may be an area that includes a school and another area that includes a child's home. Some areas of interest may be selected by the developer while others of interest may be selected by the user. For example, as in the example described above, a number of location aware applications are configured after the location aware application is provided to the user. In the above example, the parent may select the region of interest.
State 520 represents a selection of maps and map servers. Developers can choose from the maps available within the system or create their own maps. According to one embodiment of the invention, the available maps may be shared across location aware applications such that different location aware applications may use the same map. In this way, each location-aware application does not need to develop its own map. In most cases, the nature of map rendering is hidden from the developer of the location aware application. If the developer wants to include his own rendering software, the developer can integrate the rendering software into the environment at state 540 as described in detail below.
In state 530, the developer programs an event based location code that is executed in response to an event associated with the region of interest in the location aware application. This event-based code depends on the type of location-aware application being developed and can include many different types of data. For example, a program can perform an action when a user reaches a predefined location. In the example of tracking a child above, the example route may be programmed to highlight a home or school based on the child's location at that particular time. Developers can also place items on the map in response to events.
In state 540, the developer may also set a preference for map rendering. For example, a developer may want to use a vector-based rendering engine for part of an application and a bitmap-based system for another part of the application. The map engine is provided by a number of different sources. Any developer who wants to build an engine can provide a map engine suitable for a programming interface. Each map engine is inserted into a development system.
At state 550, location aware applications may be tested using real and / or simulated location sources. The system can provide a simulator of location sources so that location-aware applications can be tested before being deployed in the field. By using a mock data source, a developer event based location code is provided to be tested for the occurrence of a location event. Another use of mock location source data is to "play back" previously recorded real world location data. This is useful for application development, testing, and debugging.
6 illustrates an example implementation of a location aware framework 600 for selecting a map or other location based content. Initially, a map image is obtained at acquisition operation 602. Operation 604 indicates that the map image can be any image obtained from any source. For example, the map image may be obtained from a pre-storage source (eg, caching module 108 of FIG. 1) within the mobile device displaying the image, from an external memory device, or from a map source (eg, the content server of FIG. 1). It may be obtained from an external source, regardless of how it is downloaded from (124) or from another user. The map image may also be dynamically rendered by the rendered image before downloading it to the mobile device. Maps displayed on the mobile device may have various resolutions and may be stored in various formats. Any arbitrary map is allowed as long as the cover and orientation information can be added to the map image.
In display operation 606, at least a portion of the acquired or dynamically rendered map image is displayed on the mobile device. Mobile devices, such as cell phones, pagers, or PDAs, typically have small display screens, so that a full map image may not be able to be displayed. In some cases, if the display is large enough or the map is small enough, the entire map image or a substantial portion may be displayed. If only a portion of the map can be displayed, it is desirable to add additional navigation items, such as, for example, movement information or landmarks (hereinafter "landmarks") on the map image. Alternatively, such landmarks can be displayed in association with any map, regardless of size, resolution, and comprehensiveness.
In a second display operation 608, this landmark is actually displayed on the map image. In one implementation, a landmark may be added to the map image such that the relationship to the surrounding terrain of the marker can be seen. A plurality of fixed or movable landmarks may be displayed with respect to the map image. In another implementation, one landmark may be an anchor or object of reference to another landmark on the map.
In a establishing operation 610, once a landmark is displayed, a reference object may be set to anchor the landmark. Alternatively, the anchor object may be set up first, and then the landmark may be displayed (ie, the time order of operations 608 and 610 can be interchanged). The anchor object can be located anywhere on the map image, and can be in or out of the display screen. Alternatively, when the anchor object moves out of the display screen, for example, when the user changes position or changes the resolution of the display, a new anchor object in the map area on the display screen may be selected. By fixing the landmark to the anchor object, it is possible to maintain a certain relationship between the landmark and the anchor object. For example, the distance relationship and the direction relationship between the anchor object and the landmark may be determined.
The fixed relationship can be maintained even when the landmark and anchor objects themselves move around the display screen and disappear and reappear. For example, the anchor object may initially be displayed in the center of the map image along with other landmarks surrounding the anchor object. Any landmark that does not fall within the display size range may be referenced by a marker that is within the display size range to indicate the relative location of the landmark on the invisible portion of the map image. Marks serve to improve the problem of maintaining a map of a level of precision while maintaining information about relationships to items that cannot fit on a display of that level of precision.
Once the anchor object is in place, a query operation 612 determines whether a landmark or anchor object is on the display screen of the mobile device. If the answer to query operation 612 is "yes", that is, the anchor object or landmark is actually within the display screen area, then the anchor object or landmark is displayed on the screen in display operation 614. As long as the location or specific landmark of the anchor object remains within the map image area on the display screen, the anchor object and the landmark are displayed. The user of the mobile device can change the displayed map image area by zooming in or out of the map image or by moving from one physical location to another. For example, suppose a user is looking at a map image and then decides to zoom in to a specific portion of the map that is far from where the landmark is displayed. If the user has zoomed in sufficiently, the landmark will no longer enter on the display (ie, the landmark is still located on the map image itself, but it will no longer be possible to display it on the mobile device screen).
As the user's mobile device zooms in to the map image, the greater the resolution of the map image, the greater the likelihood of additional signs appearing. In addition, when the location of the anchor object is off the screen, the cover may also be used to indicate the anchor object. In such a scenario, as long as the landmark or anchor object is outside the visible area of the display screen, the maintenance operation 616 maintains a marker for the landmark or anchor object. The marker setting is turned on or off depending on whether the landmark or anchor object is displayable. Accordingly, the location recognition framework 600 alternately changes the state to one of operations 614 and 616 as the resolution or location of the map image or the location of the user changes, as shown in FIG. 6.
In addition, when the framework 600 is in a maintenance operation 616, an optional generation operation 618 may be implemented. In creation operation 618, a directed indication is generated to display to the user other information, direction and / or distance about the landmark represented by the marker. The directed indication may be generated automatically, at the request of the user, or according to some other condition. The orientation indication may include a corresponding direction vector to assist the user in orienting the map image.
FIG. 7 provides additional details related to the maintenance operation 616 of FIG. 6 above, which is again numbered as operation 702 in FIG. At query operation 704, a determination is made as to which of several possible types of available information will be displayed as part of the marker.
The first possibility is indicated in operation 706, where the name of the off-screen landmark is displayed as an indicator. The name is merely exemplary, and other identifying symbols may be used instead, for example, numbers or graphic icons. The second possibility shown in operation 708 is to represent the distance from the landmark to the anchor object. Other relationships may also be displayed, such as the temporal relationship between the anchor object and the landmark. A third possibility shown in operation 710 is to develop a directed reference. A directed reference can be used to indicate the direction relative to the anchor object that the user must move to reach the landmark. A directional reference does not have to point exactly to a landmark, like a vector, but must be able to point to a practically appropriate direction.
Alternatively, for more accurate depiction, a directed indication with a vector to the landmark may be provided. The generation of the direction vector between the anchor object and the landmark is shown in creation operation 712. Direction vectors may also be provided to enable a user to use the vectors to align themselves with respect to orientation indications that are not associated with a map image, eg, the position of the sun. Direction vectors can also be used to help clarify the relationships between landmarks, orientation markers, and anchor objects with markers set.
Finally, in update operation 714, any of the relationships displayable on the beacon may be dynamically updated. Thus, for example, if one landmark corresponds to a user of one mobile device, and that user then gives the mobile device to a second user, and the second user is tracked through the mobile device, the landmark is You can change the name. Certainly directional references, vectors or the like, and distance calculations need to be updated as the user of the mobile device moves around the area defined by the map image.
An example mobile device 800 for use in a location based caching system is shown in FIG. 8. Mobile device 800 includes a processor 802 and a memory 804 as in any standard computing device. The processor 802, the memory 804, and other components described below interface through the system bus 814. The system bus 814 can be any of several types of bus structures, including memory buses or memory controllers, peripheral buses, switched fabrics, point-to-point connections, and local buses. Memory 804 generally includes both volatile memory (eg RAM) and nonvolatile memory (eg ROM or PCMCIA card). Operating system 806 may reside in memory 804 and may run on processor 802. An example operating system may be the WINDOWS CE operating system from Microsoft Corporation.
One or more application programs may be loaded into the memory 804 for execution by the processor 802 in association with the operating system 806. Example applications may include electronic mail programs, scheduling programs, personal information management programs, word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, Internet browser programs, music file management programs, and photo and video file management programs. The memory 804 may further include a notification manager 810 running on the processor 802. As described in more detail below, notification manager 810 processes a notification request from application 808 to one or more user notification devices.
Mobile device 800 also includes a power supply 812 that can be implemented using one or more batteries. The power supply 812 may also be derived from an external AC source by using a power data transfer cable or power cord connected to the mobile device 800 that overrides or recharges the battery. The power supply 812 is connected to most mobile device 800 components, if not all, to operate each component.
In one embodiment, mobile device 800 may include a communication function, for example, mobile device 800 may operate as a wireless telephone. Wireless device 800 with telephone functionality generally includes an antenna 816, a transmitter 818, and a receiver 820 for interfacing with a wireless telephone network. Additionally, mobile device 800 may include a microphone 834 and a loudspeaker 836 to allow a user to communicate by telephone. Loudspeaker 836 may also be in the form of a wired or wireless output port to which wired or wireless earphones or headphones are connected.
Mobile device 800 may be connected to various other networks, such as a wireless LAN (WiFi) network, a wired LAN or WAN, GPRS, Bluetooth, UMTS, or any other network through one or more communication interfaces 822. The antenna 816 or a plurality of antennas may be used for various communication purposes, for example, for different communication purposes such as radio frequency identification (RFID), microwave transmission and reception, WiFi transmission and reception, and Bluetooth transmission and reception.
Mobile device 800 may generally further include some type of user interface. As shown in FIG. 8, mobile device 800 may have a keyboard 824 and a display 826. The keyboard 824 may be a limited number pad, a full "qwerty" keyboard, or a combination of both. The keyboard 824 may also include special buttons, wheels, track balls, and other interface options such as, for example, menu selections or navigation keys or phone function keys. In addition to showing the information, the display 826 is also a touch screen display that allows data entry by touching the display screen with a user's finger or stylus to allow input selection via a graphical interface or on the display 826. You can write letters and numbers directly.
Mobile device 800 may also have one or more external notification mechanisms. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the mobile device 800 includes a voice generator 828, a light emitting diode (LED) 830, and a vibration device 832. These devices are directly connected to the power supply 812 and, when activated, the processor 802 and other components may be powered down to conserve battery power, but for the time indicated by the notification manager 810, when activated. It may remain powered.
An example hardware and operating environment that can be used as a content server is shown in FIG. 9. This hardware includes a computer 900 that includes a system bus 918 that operatively connects various system components, including processing unit 902, system memory 904, and system memory 904 to processing unit 902. It includes a general purpose computing device in the form of. The processing unit 902 may be only one or more than one, such that the processor of the computer 900 may include a plurality of processing units referred to as a single central processing unit (CPU) or a parallel processing environment. Computer 900 may be a traditional computer, a distributed computer, or any type of computer, but the invention is not limited in this respect.
The system bus 918 may be any of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or a memory controller, a peripheral bus, a switched fabric, a point-to-point connection, and a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. Can be. System memory 130 may also be referred to simply as memory and includes read only memory (ROM) 906 and random access memory (RAM) 905. At such times as startup, a Basic Input / Output System (BIOS) 908 is typically stored in ROM 906 that includes basic routines to help transfer information between components within computer 900. Computer 900 includes a hard disk drive 930 for reading from and writing to a hard disk (not shown), a magnetic disk drive 932 for reading from and writing to a removable magnetic disk 936 and a CD ROM or other optical drive. It may further include an optical disk drive 934 for reading from and writing to a removable optical disk 938, such as a medium.
The hard disk drive 930, the magnetic disk drive 932, and the optical disk drive 934 are each connected by a system bus by the hard disk drive interface 920, the magnetic disk drive interface 922, and the optical disk drive interface 924. Is connected to. The drive and its associated computer readable medium provide computer 900 with nonvolatile storage of computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. In the exemplary operating environment, those skilled in the art will understand that any computer readable medium capable of storing data accessible by a computer, such as a magnetic cassette, flash memory card, DVD, RAM and ROM, may be used.
A number of program modules, including an operating system 910, one or more application programs 912, other program modules 914, and program data 916 may be used to store hard disks 930, magnetic disks 932, and optical disks 934. ), ROM 906 or RAM 905. In one example implementation, location awareness and map management operations may be integrated into operating system 910, application program 912, or other program module 914. State description files, object data values, and other data are stored as program data 916.
A user may enter commands and information into the computer 900 via an input device such as a keyboard 940, for example a pointing device 942 such as a mouse. Other input devices (not shown) may include a microphone, joystick, game pad, tablet, touch screen device, satellite dish, scanner, facsimile device, video camera, and the like. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 902 via a serial port interface 926 coupled to the system bus 918, but by other interfaces such as parallel ports, game ports or universal serial bus (USB). May be connected.
A monitor 944 or other type of display device may also be connected to the system bus 918 via an interface such as a video adapter 946. In addition to the monitor 944, a computer may typically include other peripheral output devices such as a printer 958 and speakers (not shown). These and other output devices are often connected to the processing unit 902 via a serial port interface 926 coupled to the system bus 918, but by other interfaces such as parallel ports, game ports or universal serial bus (USB). May be connected.
Computer 900 may operate in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as remote computer 954. These logical connections may be made by a communication device that is connected to or constitutes a computer 900, but the present invention is not limited to any particular type of communication device. Remote computer 954 may be another computer, server, router, network PC, client, peer device, or other conventional network node, although only memory storage 956 is shown in FIG. 9, but typically computer 900. Or most or all of the components described above with reference to The logical connection shown in FIG. 9 includes a LAN 950 and a WAN 952. Such networking environments are commonplace in all types of networks, office networks, enterprise-wide computer networks, intranets, and the Internet.
When used in a LAN 950 networking environment, the computer 900 is connected to the LAN 950 via a network interface or adapter 928, which is one type of communication device. When used in a WAN 952 environment, the computer 900 typically includes a modem 948, a network adapter, or any other type of communication device for establishing communications over the WAN 952. The modem 948, which may be internal or external, is connected to the system bus 918 via the serial port interface 926. In a networked environment, program modules described in connection with the personal computer 900 or portions thereof may be stored in a remote memory storage device. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of establishing a communications link between these computers may be used.
The techniques described herein may be implemented as logical operations and / or modules within one or more systems. Logical operations may be implemented as a series of processor implementation steps executed in one or more computer systems and as interconnect machines or circuit modules within one or more computer systems. Likewise, descriptions of various component modules may be provided as actions performed or accomplished by the modules. The resulting implementation is a matter of choice depending on the underlying system implementing the described technology. Thus, the logical operations making up embodiments of the techniques described herein are referred to variously as operations, steps, objects, or modules. Further, logical operations may be performed in any order unless explicitly required otherwise or otherwise uniquely required by the claim language.
The above specification, examples and data provide a complete description of the structure and use of exemplary embodiments of the invention. While embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail or with reference to one or more individual embodiments, those skilled in the art may make various modifications to the disclosed embodiments within the spirit and scope of the invention. In particular, the described techniques can be used independently of the personal computer. Thus, other embodiments are contemplated. All objects included in the above description and shown in the accompanying drawings are to be interpreted as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive. Changes may be made in detail or in the structure without departing from the basic elements of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (20)
- A method of dynamically providing location-related content to a mobile communication device (102),Tracking (302) a current location of the mobile communication device;Predicting (306) a future location of the mobile communication device;Determining (308) whether content related to the future location is currently stored on the mobile communication device; AndRetreating the content from a content repository via a network connection if it is determined that the content is not currently stored on the mobile communication device (314).How to include.
- The method of claim 1,Displaying (316) the content to a user via an interface of the mobile communication device.
- The method of claim 2,The interface includes a visual display (826).
- The method of claim 1,The content comprises a map of an area comprising the future location (202b) of the mobile communication device (102).
- The method of claim 1,Storing the content on the mobile communication device when the content is retrieved from the content repository; AndPurging the storage of the content on the mobile communication device by purging the content of irrelevant content that is least relevant to the future location of the mobile communication device.
- The method of claim 1,Selecting the content based on contextual information stored on the mobile communication device.
- The method of claim 6,And the contextual information includes preference information of a user of the mobile communication device.
- The method of claim 6,The contextual information includes state information about the mobile communication device.
- The method of claim 6,And the contextual information includes movement information of the mobile communication device.
- A computer readable medium comprising computer executable instructions for performing a computer process implementing the method of claim 1.
- Mobile communication device 102-The mobile communication device 102Position determination for determining the current position of the mobile communication device 102Module 104;Direction estimator to estimate the future position of the mobile communication device 102Module 106;A content receiver (110) for storing content related to the future location;A connection providing a network connection to the mobile communication device 102Management module 114; AndFrom the content receptor 110 or from the connection management module 114From an alternative content source external to the mobile communication device 102 viaFurther comprising a caching module 108 for selecting the content associated with a future location;A content server (124) for providing the mobile communication device (102) with the content associated with the future location;A network (122) connecting the mobile communication device (102) and the content server (124); AndSource 116 of current location information about the mobile communication device 102 accessible by the mobile communication device 102.Location-based caching system 100 comprising a.
- The method of claim 11,The mobile communication device 102 further includes user interfaces 824 and 826, and the source of current location information 116 is communicated by the user via the user interface 824 and 826 to the mobile communication device 102. Location-based caching system 100 that includes the data entered into.
- The method of claim 11,The mobile communication device 102 further includes user interfaces 824 and 826,Location-based caching system (100) wherein the content associated with the future location is presented to a user through the user interface (824, 826).
- The method of claim 13,Location based caching system (100) wherein the content is a map (202) and the user interface is a visual display (826).
- The method of claim 11,The source of current location information includes a global positioning system service 116, and the mobile communication device 102 further includes a global positioning system receiver. .
- The method of claim 11,The source includes a plurality of communication signals 118, 120, and the location determining module 104 in the mobile communication device 102 is based on the plurality of communication signals 118, 120. Location-based caching system 100 configured to triangulate the current location of 102.
- A mobile communication device (102) that provides location based caching functionality,A position determining module (104) for determining a current position of the mobile communication device (102);A direction estimator module (106) for estimating a future position of the mobile communication device (102);A content receiver (110) storing content related to the future location;A connection management module (114) for providing a network connection to the mobile communication device (102); AndCaching module 108 that selects the content associated with the future location from the content acceptor 110 or from an alternative content source external to the mobile communication device 102 via the connection management module 114.Mobile communication device 102 comprising a.
- The method of claim 17,And a user interface (824, 826) for presenting the content related to the future location to a user.
- The method of claim 18,The user interface includes a visual display (826).
- The method of claim 17,The position determining module (104) is configured to triangulate the current position of the mobile communication device (102) based on a plurality of communication signals (118, 120).
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text: L. Hermanns and M.A. Santoyo and L. E. Quirós and J. Vega and J. M. Gaspar-Escribano and B. Benito, Dynamic Response of Wind Turbines to Theoretical 3D Seismic Motions Taking into Account the Rotational Component. journal = {International Journal of Geological and Environmental Engineering}, [online]. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology. November 2011, vol. 59(11). 650 - 653 [viewed 06 December 2019]. Available from: https://publications.waset.org/pdf/12959.

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