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|Taylor Kinsley
Former Undergraduate Student
Department of Biological Sciences
Kean University
Under the Knife and Completely Aware: A Case of Intraoperative Awareness
This case study is based on a newspaper article about the suicide of Sherman Sizemore shortly after he underwent an exploratory laparotomy (abdominal surgery). After his surgery, Sherman experienced symptoms similar to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) including nightmares, paranoia, depression, insomnia, and dramatic mood swings. Sherman's family later discovered that he had been awake during the first part of the surgery; although given a muscle relaxer, he was never administered an anesthetic. Sherman was never told that he had been awake during surgery or that he had been given an amnesic to suppress memory of the traumatic event. The condition that Sherman experienced is variously called intraoperative awareness (IOA) or anesthesia awareness. This case study explores the moral, ethical, and biological issues relevant to IOA by using role play and the device of a fictional mediation between three stakeholder groups: Sherman's family, the anesthesiologist group that administered the anesthetic, and the hospital and lead surgeon who conducted the surgery. The case is suitable for use in a wide variety of courses including medical ethics, psychology, abnormal psychology, introductory biology, anatomy, and physiology.


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phix-0.11 and ComponentManager-1.0 Released
Posted by Stuart Herbert on March 22nd, 2011 in phix, Toolbox.
In my Beyond Frameworks talk, I explained how a component-based architecture can help answer some of the important (i.e. expensive!) questions you might face when creating long-lived apps that rely on a PHP framework. In this series of blog posts, I'm going to look at how to go about creating and working with components.
phix is a generic command-line tool that I recently released with support for creating and managing several types of PHP components. phix was always intended to be a framework-agnostic environment for easily creating and running CLI apps, and to keep that goal pure, I've separated the tasks for creating and updating PHP components out of phix into their own components.
This allows phix itself to be developed and improved on its own, and for the support for each type of component to move forward at their own pace. And, for an immediate practical benefit, it means that the 14 megabytes needed for the php-docbook component support doesn't have to be downloaded every time we fix a bug elsewhere.
There's a new PEAR-compatible package now, to keep up to date with support for the different types of components, called ComponentManager.
How To Install ComponentManager
If you haven't installed phix before, you only need to install ComponentManager. It will pull in phix as one of its dependencies:
pear channel-discover pear.gradwell.com pear install Gradwell/ComponentManager
How To Upgrade From phix-0.10
To upgrade from phix-0.10, just run the following:
pear upgrade Gradwell/phix pear install Gradwell/ComponentManager
No Comments
Francisco says:
March 22nd, 2011 at 9:11 am
Look very much forward for the next posts. Would like to apply this component architectural approach to CodeIgniter v2 aka reactor.
Francisco says:
March 22nd, 2011 at 9:11 am
Look very much forward for the next posts. Would like to apply this component architectural approach to CodeIgniter v2 aka reactor.

subset: commoncrawl


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First come the reactions to the Harvey Weinstein sexual assault allegations then come the reaction to the reactions...
Both Blythe Danner and Martha Plimpton have penned letters to the editor of the famed New York Times in which both actresses take issue with responses to the shocking story.
Danner, who is the mother of Gwyneth Paltrow, one of Weinstein's alleged victims, defends her daughter in her letter, which is aimed at a recent story by NYT writer Maureen Dowd.
The mother wrote, "I cannot remain silent while Maureen Dowd disparages my daughter, Gwyneth Paltrow, for the manner in which she chose to handle Harvey Weinstein's attempt at a sexual encounter when she was 22 ("Harvey Weinstein, Hollywood's Oldest Horror Story," column, Oct. 15)."


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05 Mar Health Effects of Adderall Abuse
Adderall is a name-brand prescription medication that combines two separate, related drugs: amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Together, these drugs help combat the symptoms of ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), as well as the symptoms of the sudden or excessive sleepiness disorder called narcolepsy. Both amphetamine and dextroamphetamine produce their treatment benefits by stimulating certain functions in the central nervous system. Unfortunately, these same stimulating effects can also contribute to the eventual onset of amphetamine-related drug dependence or drug addiction. Doctors normally control the risks for these problems by controlling prescribed Adderall dosages. However, people who abuse Adderall significantly increase the chances for dependence and/or addiction, as well as the potential for other serious, harmful health effects.
Adderall Basics
When the amphetamine and dextroamphetamine in Adderall enter the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), they trigger increases in two brain chemicals-dopamine and norepinephrine-that help control communication between billions of nerve cells known as neurons. Dopamine is found in several different areas of the brain, including an area called the limbic system, which produces pleasurable feelings in response to dopamine's effects. Along with another chemical called epinephrine, norepinephrine helps regulate the body's stress reactions and trigger the survival-based alert signal commonly known as "fight-or-flight."
The Potential For Dependence and Addiction
Most of the addictive potential of amphetamines and many other common drugs comes from the manipulation of dopamine levels inside the brain. In the short run, these drugs boost dopamine far above the levels produced by other pleasurable activities such as eating or having sex. When some drug users experience this level of pleasure, they try to recreate it repeatedly by regularly taking more drugs. However, this continued boosting of dopamine will eventually trigger a balancing mechanism in the brain that leads to lower overall dopamine production for any given level of stimulation. In practical terms, this means that the customary dose of the drug will have less and less effect. Dependence and addiction start to enter the picture when a drug user tries to regain the pleasurable effects of the substance in question by increasing his or her customary dose.
Since Adderall is an amphetamine-based drug, its use can potentially lead to dependence and addiction. Doctors actively seek to avoid these problems by limiting the use of the drug to people with an ADHD or narcolepsy diagnosis; prescribing only enough medication to effectively address the symptoms of these conditions; and limiting the maximum amount of Adderall they will prescribe to any given patient. Adderall comes in tablet form and only gets absorbed by the body relatively slowly; this factor also limits the potential for dependence and addiction by reducing peak levels of dopamine.
Adderall abusers circumvent these safeguards whenever they use the drug outside of the context of medical treatment. In some cases, this abuse occurs when a person with a legitimate prescription takes more of the drug than his or her doctor intended. In other cases, it occurs when a person without a prescription uses someone else's Adderall with or without the prescribed user's consent. In addition, some Adderall abusers buy the drug from a drug dealer. Abusers can also circumvent common safeguards by crushing Adderall tablets and inhaling, injecting, or smoking the resulting powder. All of these methods of use increase addiction risks by speeding up the rate of dopamine increase inside the brain; they also raise the risks for secondary side effects by speeding up the rate of norepinephrine increase.
If an Adderall abuser takes an excessive amount of the drug in a short span of time, the result can be an overdose. Symptoms of this potentially deadly situation include restlessness, hallucinations, a seriously accelerated heartbeat, an irregular heartbeat, involuntary muscle twitches or muscle tremors, seizures, dangerously high body temperature, hallucinations, abnormally rapid breathing, breathing difficulties, mental confusion, dizziness, psychosis and panic, as well as the onset of a coma or cardiac arrest.
Long-Term Side Effects
In addition to dependence and addiction, potential long-term effects of chronic Adderall abuse include the development of mental illness or ongoing behavioral disorders, changes in mood or personality, skin problems, ulcers, abnormal fatigue, ongoing problems with cardiac health, decreases in muscle coordination, vitamin deficiencies and clinical malnutrition. Just like an overdose, chronic Adderall abuse can also end in a coma and/or death. According to the University of Maryland's Center for Substance Abuse Research, specific mental health problems associated with long-term abuse of Adderall (or any other amphetamine) include erratic and/or violent behavior, schizophrenia-like psychosis and tactile (touch-related), auditory (sound-related), or visual hallucinations.
Find relief in recovery. Life gets better with addiction treatment.
Call our experts today.(855) 837-1334


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Comcast Business Services Privacy Notice
For Comcast Business Internet, Phone, TV, and Ethernet
Summary of this privacy notice
This privacy notice applies to Comcast Business Internet, phone, TV, and Ethernet services. It describes the limitations imposed on our collection and disclosure of personally identifiable information about subscribers, the nature of personally identifiable information we collect, how we use that information, when and why we may disclose that information and to whom, how long we maintain that information, how subscribers can access their personally identifiable information, how subscribers can set preferences and opt out of certain uses of information, and subscribers' rights under law and this notice concerning their personally identifiable information. Please read the entire notice to understand our privacy policies and practices.
Why is Comcast providing this notice?
As a subscriber to cable service or other services provided by Comcast, you are entitled under Section 631 of the federal Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984, as amended, (the "Cable Act") to know the following:
- the limitations imposed by the Cable Act upon cable operators in the collection and disclosure of personally identifiable information about subscribers;
- the nature of personally identifiable information we collect;
- the nature of the use of personally identifiable information;
- under what conditions and circumstances we may disclose personally identifiable information and to whom;
- the period during which we maintain personally identifiable information
In addition, Section 222 of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, (the "Communications Act") provides additional privacy protections for certain information related to our phone and retail Internet services:
- information about the quantity, technical configuration, type, destination, location, and amount of your use of the phone and retail Internet services; and
- information contained on your bill concerning the type of phone services and features you receive.
That information is known as customer proprietary network information or CPNI for short. This notice, which includes our CPNI Policy, describes what CPNI we obtain, how we protect it, and how it may be used. If you are a customer of our phone and retail Internet services, you have the right, and Comcast has a duty, under the Communications Act and applicable state law, to protect the confidentiality of CPNI. In addition, the FCC's rules provide additional privacy protections specific to our phone services that we describe in this notice.We explain below under "How do I give or withhold my approval for Comcast to use CPNI to market additional products and services to me?" how you can approve our use of CPNI or withdraw your approval if Comcast decides to use CPNI for marketing purposes.
Special Note: Our CPNI Policy applies to the phone and retail Internet communications-related services provided by the applicable Comcast operating company that delivers those services to our customers.In this notice, the terms "Comcast," "we," "us," or "our" refer to the operating company subsidiary or subsidiaries or affiliates of Comcast Cable Communications, LLC that (i) owns and/or operates the cable television system in your area pursuant to a cable television franchise with the local franchising authority, or (ii) is the operating company that delivers phone services in your area. The term "you," "customer," and "subscriber" refers to the commercial customer subscribing to one or more of our cable service and other services.
I. Collection
What kind of information does this notice cover?
The Cable Act applies to personally identifiable information that subscribers have furnished to Comcast, or that Comcast has collected using the cable system, in connection with the provision of cable service or other services. The Communications Act applies to CPNI related to our regulated phone and retail Internet services, and certain orders of the Federal Communications Commission apply the CPNI rules to our interconnected voice over Internet protocol communications services.
Special Note: This notice only applies to Comcast Business Internet, phone, TV, and Ethernet Services. It applies to you as a subscriber to one or more of these services as provided for by applicable law and except as otherwise noted. It does not cover information that may be collected through any other products, services, or websites, even if you access them through our cable services and even if they are co-branded with Comcast brands or the brands or logos of our affiliated companies. You should read the privacy policies for these other products, services, and websites to learn how they handle your personal information. You can read the privacy policy for the Comcast Business Services website at http://business.comcast.com/privacy-statement.
For what purposes may Comcast collect personally identifiable information and CPNI?
The Cable Act authorizes Comcast as a cable operator to use the cable system to collect personally identifiable information concerning any subscriber for the following purposes:
- to obtain information necessary to render our cable service or other services to our subscribers; and
- to detect unauthorized reception of cable communications.
The Communications Act authorizes us to use, disclose, or permit access to individually identifiable CPNI in our provision of:
- the telecommunications services from which this information is derived; or
- services necessary to, or used in, the provision of these services, including the publishing of directories.
What kind of personally identifiable information and CPNI does Comcast collect?
Comcast collects information from subscribers at several different points when they request, turn on, and use our services under an account we create for them. Some of this information is personally identifiable information, but much of it is not. We collect certain personally identifiable information that our subscribers furnish to us in connection with the provision of cable service or other services. In order to provide reliable, high quality service to subscribers, we keep regular business records containing information about them that may constitute personally identifiable information. These account records include some of the following information:
- subscriber name;
- service address;
- billing address;
- e-mail address;
- telephone number;
- driver's license number;
- social security or tax identification number;
- bank account number; and
- credit card number.
- location of service;
- technical configuration of service;
- type of service;
- quantity of service;
- amount of use of service; and
- calling patterns.
We also collect and maintain certain other information about a subscriber's account. For example, this information may include:
- your account number;
- billing, payment, and deposit history;
- additional service information;
- customer correspondence and communications records;
- maintenance and complaint information;
- the device identifiers and network addresses of equipment used with your account;
- records indicating the number of television sets, set-top boxes, modems, telephones, routers, or other devices connected to our cable system; and
- additional information about the service options you have chosen.
II. Use How does Comcast use personally identifiable information and CPNI?
We collect, maintain, and use personally identifiable information and CPNI as permitted by the Cable Act and the Communications Act and other applicable laws. We use this information primarily to conduct business activities related to providing subscribers with our cable service and other services, and to help us detect theft of service. Generally speaking, we use personally identifiable information in connection with:
- billing and invoicing;
- administration;
- surveys;
- collection of fees and charges;
- marketing;
- service delivery and customization;
- maintenance and operations;
- technical support;
- hardware and software upgrades; and
- fraud prevention.
- install, configure, operate, provide, support, and maintain our cable service and other services;
- confirm subscribers are receiving the level(s) of service requested and are properly billed;
- identify you when changes are made to your account or services;
- make you aware of new content, products, or services that may be of interest to you;
- understand the use of, and identify improvements to, our services;
- detect unauthorized reception, use, or abuse of our services;
- determine any violations of any applicable policies and terms of service;
- manage the network supporting our services;
- configure and update cable service and other service-related devices and software; and
- comply with law.
- initiate, render, bill, and collect for service;
- protect our rights and property, and protect our users of these services and other carriers from fraudulent, abusive, or unlawful use of, or subscription to, these services;
- provide any inbound telemarketing, referral, or administrative services to you for the call's duration, if you initiated the call and you approve of the use of this information to provide these services; and
- provide call location information concerning the user of a voice service during certain emergencies affecting the user.
Comcast transmits, and may collect and store for a period of time, personally identifiable and non-personally identifiable information about subscribers when they use our high-speed Internet and phone services to:
- send and receive e-mail, video mail, and instant messages;
- transfer and share files;
- make files accessible;
- visit websites;
- place or receive calls;
- leave and receive voice mail messages;
- use an applicable communications center or voice center;
- establish custom settings or preferences;
- communicate with us for support; or
- otherwise use the services and their features.
III. Disclosure
Under what circumstances may Comcast disclose personally identifiable information to others?
Comcast considers the personally identifiable information contained in our business records to be confidential. The Cable Act authorizes Comcast as a cable operator to disclose personally identifiable information concerning any subscriber if the disclosure is:
- necessary to render, or conduct a legitimate business activity related to, the cable service or other services provided to the subscriber;
- required by law or legal process (described below under "When is Comcast required by law to disclose personally identifiable information and CPNI by law?"); or
- names and addresses of subscribers for "mailing list" or other purposes (subject to each subscriber's right to prohibit or limit this disclosure and the CPNI Policy described below under "How do I place myself on Comcast's 'do not call' and 'do not mail' lists?").
To whom may Comcast disclose personally identifiable information?
We may disclose personally identifiable information as provided for in the Cable Act when it is necessary to render, or conduct a legitimate business activity related to, the cable service or other services we provide to you. We may also collect, use, and disclose information about subscribers in de-identified, anonymous, or aggregate formats, such as ratings surveys and service usage and other statistical reports, which do not personally identify you, your particular viewing habits, or the nature of any transaction you have made over the cable system. The frequency of any disclosure of personally identifiable information varies in accordance with our business needs and activities.
The Cable Act authorizes Comcast as a cable operator to disclose limited personally identifiable information to others, such as charities, marketing organizations, or other businesses, for cable or non-cable "mailing list" or other purposes. From time to time we may disclose your name and address for these purposes. However, you have the right to prohibit or limit this kind of disclosure by contacting us by telephone at 1-800-391-3000 or by sending us a written request as described below under "How do I contact Comcast?" Any "mailing list" and related disclosures that we may make are limited by the Cable Act to disclosures of subscriber names and addresses where the disclosures do not reveal, directly or indirectly, (i) the extent of any viewing or other use by the subscriber of a cable service or other service provided by us; or (ii) the nature of any transaction made by the subscriber over our cable system.We may sometimes disclose personally identifiable information about subscribers to our affiliates or to others who work for us. We may also disclose personally identifiable information about subscribers to outside auditors, professional advisors, service providers and vendors, potential business merger, acquisition, or sale partners, and regulators. We make these disclosures as provided for in the Cable Act. Typically, we make these disclosures when the disclosure is necessary to render, or conduct a legitimate business activity related to, the cable service or other services we provide to you. We may be required by law or legal process to disclose certain personally identifiable information about subscribers to lawyers and parties in connection with litigation and to law enforcement personnel.
If we (or our parent company) enter into a merger, acquisition, or sale of all or a portion of our assets, subscribers' personally identifiable information will, in most instances, be an item transferred in the transaction. If this notice will be changed as a result of a transaction like that, you should refer below under "Will Comcast notify me if it changes this notice?"
We may also use or disclose personally identifiable information about subscribers without your consent to protect our customers, employees, or property, in emergency situations, to enforce our rights under our terms of service and policies, in court or elsewhere, and as otherwise permitted by law.
When may Comcast disclose personal information to others in connection with phone service?
Comcast may disclose to others personally identifiable information in connection with features and services such as Caller ID, 911/E911, and directory services as follows:
- We may transmit your name and/or telephone number to be displayed on a Caller ID device unless you have elected to block such information. Please note that Caller ID blocking may not prevent the display of your name and/or telephone number when you dial certain business or emergency numbers, 911, 900 numbers, or toll-free 800, 888, 877, 866 or 855 numbers.
- We may provide your name, address, and telephone number to public safety authorities and their vendors for inclusion in E911 databases and records, inclusion in "reverse 911" systems, or to troubleshoot 911/E911 record errors.
- We may publish and distribute, or cause to be published and distributed, telephone directories in print, on the Internet, and on disks. Those telephone directories may include subscriber names, addresses, and telephone numbers, without restriction to their use.
- We may also make subscriber names, addresses, and telephone numbers available, or cause such subscriber information to be made available, through directory assistance operators.
- We may provide subscribers' names, addresses, and telephone numbers to unaffiliated directory publishers and directory assistance providers for their use in creating directories and offering directory assistance services.
- Once our subscribers' names, addresses, and telephone numbers appear in telephone directories or directory assistance, they may be sorted, packaged, repackaged and made available again in different formats by anyone.
When is Comcast required to disclose personally identifiable information and CPNI by law?
We make every reasonable effort to protect subscriber privacy as described in this notice. Nevertheless, we may be required by law to disclose personally identifiable information or individually identifiable CPNI about a subscriber. These disclosures may be made with or without the subscriber's consent, and with or without notice, in compliance with the terms of valid legal process such as a subpoena, court order, or search warrant.
For subscribers to our TV service, Comcast may be required as a cable operator to disclose personally identifiable information to a third-party or governmental entity in response to a court order. If the court order is sought by a non-governmental entity, we are required under the Cable Act to notify the subscriber of the court order. If the court order is sought by a governmental entity, the Cable Act requires that the cable subscriber be afforded the opportunity to appear and contest in a court proceeding relevant to the court order any claims made in support of the court order. At the proceeding, the Cable Act requires the governmental entity to offer clear and convincing evidence that the subject of the information is reasonably suspected of engaging in criminal activity and that the information sought would be material evidence.For subscribers to our Internet, phone, and Ethernet services, Comcast may be required to disclose personally identifiable information and individually identifiable CPNI to a private third party in response to a court order, and, if so, we are required to notify the subscriber of the court order. Comcast may also be required to disclose personally identifiable information and individually identifiable CPNI about subscribers to Internet, phone, and Ethernet services to a government entity in response to a subpoena, court order, or search warrant, for example. We are usually prohibited from notifying the subscriber of any disclosure of personally identifiable information to a government entity by the terms of the subpoena, court order, or search warrant.
How does Comcast protect personally identifiable information?
We follow industry-standard practices to take such actions as are necessary to prevent unauthorized access to personally identifiable information by a person other than the subscriber or us. However, we cannot guarantee that these practices will prevent every unauthorized attempt to access, use, or disclose personally identifiable information.
For how long does Comcast maintain personally identifiable information?
Comcast maintains personally identifiable information about you in our regular business records while you are a subscriber to our cable service or other services. We also maintain this information for a period of time after you are no longer a subscriber if the information is necessary for the purposes for which it was collected or to satisfy legal requirements. These purposes typically include business, legal, or tax purposes. If these purposes no longer apply, we will destroy, de-identify, or anonymize the information according to our internal policies and procedures.
IV. Customer Access and Choice
How can I see my personally identifiable information or CPNI and correct it, if necessary?
Subscribers may examine and correct, if necessary, their personally identifiable information that is collected and maintained by Comcast in our regular business records. In most cases, the personally identifiable information contained in these records consists solely of billing and account information. We will correct our records if you make a reasonable showing that any personally identifiable information we have collected about you is inaccurate.
If you have Internet access, you can view and change certain information yourself by going to www.business.comcast.com/myaccount and signing in with your Comcast username and password.
You may also examine the records containing your personally identifiable information at your local Comcast Business office upon reasonable prior notice to us and during our regular business hours. If you wish to examine these records, please contact us by mail or telephone at 1-800-391-3000, giving us a reasonable period of time to locate and, if necessary, prepare the information for review, and to arrange an appointment. You will only be permitted to examine records that contain personally identifiable information about your account and no other account.If you make an affirmative, written request for a copy of your CPNI, we will disclose the relevant information we have to you at your account address of record, or to any person authorized by you, if we reasonably believe the request is valid. However, subscribers to our phone services should be aware that we generally do not provide them with records of any inbound or outbound calls or other records that aren't furnished in the ordinary course of business or which are available only from our archives, without valid legal process. In addition, we cannot correct any errors in customer names, addresses, or telephone numbers appearing in, or omitted from, our or our vendors' directory lists until the next available publication of those directory lists. Further, we may have no control over information appearing in the directory lists or directory assistance services that are not owned by our subsidiaries or us. Comcast reserves the right to charge you for the reasonable cost of retrieving and photocopying any documents that you request.
How do I give or withhold my approval for Comcast to use CPNI to market additional products and services to me?
Various direct and indirect subsidiaries or affiliates of Comcast Cable Communications, LLC offer many communications-related and non-communications related services. From time to time we may like to use the CPNI information we have on file to provide you with information about our communications-related products and services or special promotions. Our use of CPNI may also enhance our ability to offer products and services tailored to your specific needs. In addition, Comcast also offers various other services that are not related to the services to which you subscribe. Under the CPNI rules, some of those services, such as Comcast TV services, are considered to be non-communications related products and services. Therefore, you may be asked during a telephone call with one of our representatives for your oral consent to Comcast's use of your CPNI for the purpose of providing you with an offer for communications related or non-communications related products and services. If you provide your oral consent for Comcast to do so, Comcast may use your CPNI only for the duration of that telephone call in order to offer you additional services. If you deny or restrict your approval for us to use your CPNI, you will suffer no effect on how we provide any services to which you subscribe.How do I place myself on Comcast's "do not call" and "do not mail" lists?
You may ask us to put your name on our internal company "do not call" and "do not mail" lists so that you do not receive marketing or promotional telephone calls or postal mail from us or made at our request by completing the information in the Marketing Opt-Out Manager. You also have the right to prohibit or limit disclosure of your personally identifiable information for "mailing list" or other purposes as described above in this notice by completing the information in the Marketing Opt-Out Manager.If you prefer to contact Comcast in writing instead of by telephone, you may send a written request to the address listed below under "How do I contact Comcast?" Be sure to include your name and address, your Comcast Business account number, and a daytime telephone number where you can be reached if we have any questions about your request. The person who is identified in our billing records as the authorized representative of the subscriber should sign the written request. If you have a joint account, a request by one party will apply to the entire account. If you have multiple accounts, your notice must separately identify each account covered by the request.
What e-mail communications will Comcast send to subscribers and how do I manage them?
We may send a welcome e-mail and sometimes other information to new subscribers to our cable service and other services. We may also send service-related announcements to our subscribers from time to time. You may not opt-out of these service-related communications. If you fail to check your primary e-mail address for service-related announcements, you may miss important information about our services.
We reserve the right to send you promotional or commercial e-mail as permitted by applicable law. You can manage the promotional or commercial e-mails Comcast may send to you by logging in on the Web page located at www.business.comcast.com/myaccount and following the directions there. We may ask for additional information on this preferences page. By providing this additional information to us we will be able to better inform you of special offers and promotions in your area. If you no longer wish to receive these e-mails you may opt-out of receiving them by going to the same page and changing your contact preferences.
What can I do if I think my privacy rights have been violated?
If you believe that you have been aggrieved by any act of ours in violation of the Cable Act or other applicable laws, we encourage you to contact us directly as described below in "How do I contact Comcast?" in order to resolve your question or concern. You may also enforce the limitations imposed on us by the Cable Act as applicable with respect to your personally identifiable information through a civil lawsuit seeking damages, attorneys' fees, and litigation costs. Other rights and remedies may be available to you under federal or other applicable laws as well. This customer privacy notice neither supersedes nor modifies any arbitration agreement to which you may be bound relating to the provision of our TV service, Internet service, phone, and Ethernet to you as a subscriber to services.
Will Comcast notify me if it changes this notice?
As required by the Cable Act, we will provide you with a copy of this customer privacy notice at the time we enter into an agreement to provide any cable service or other service to you, and annually afterwards, or as otherwise permitted by law. You can view the most current version of this notice by going to http://business.comcast.com/customer-notifications/customer-privacy-statement.
We may modify this notice at any time. We will notify you of any material changes through written, electronic, or other means and as otherwise permitted by law. If you find the changes to this notice unacceptable, you have the right to cancel your service. If you continue to use the service following notice of the changes, we will deem that to be your acceptance of and consent to any revisions to the privacy notice. This includes your consent for any personally identifiable information that we may collect and use starting on the revised notice's effective date, as well as for any personally identifiable information that we have collected prior to the revised notice's effective date.
How do I contact Comcast?
If you have any questions or suggestions regarding this privacy notice, or wish to contact us about your personal information, please reach us as follows:
Phone: 1-800-391-3000
Website: http://business.comcast.com/contact
Mail: Comcast Cable Communications, LLC
Attn: Comcast Business - Customer Privacy Notice
One Comcast Center
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2838


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Address: Kouvonraitti 7
Link: School Website
School Location
Latitude: 61.46727016746107 Longitude: 21.83953854893491
About Itä-Pori comprehensive school
Our Itä-Pori comprehensive shools is one of three comprehensive schools in city of Pori. We have 440 pupils and 230 are in higher classes 7-9.Pori is situated in western Finland. We follow finnish satelite-tracked Osprays 2015 and their journey from Africa to Finland.
What we would like to achieve
We would like to link up with other schools along the migration route of finnish satelite Ospreys.
About our local Ospreys
We want to learn birds migratory systems by this project. Osprey research and satelite-tracking are interesting ways to investigate birds migration day by day or week by week.
Files to Download
No files to download


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It's official, as of October 17, 2018, recreational cannabis is now legal in Canada. The struggle to get here has been an uphill journey with many setbacks, adjustments, and even a prohibition.
To celebrate, we're taking a look back on Canada's history with the plant.
1801: Where it all began. Hemp seeds were distributed to Canadian farmers by the Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada. It was his hope that this would help stimulate the industry in his country.
1822: Upper Canada's provincial parliament allocated a lump of money for machinery that would process hemp and (they hoped) incentivize hemp producers.
1917: A new machine was invented, which would make is easier to separate hemp fibre. Unfortunately, hemp production decreased majorly while cotton production took off as it was a less labour-intensive process.
1923: Cannabis became illegal in Canada. The Narcotics Drug Act Amendment Bill introduced the Act to Prohibit the Improper Use of Opium and Other Drugs. They also added opium, cocaine and morphine to the list of drugs.
1962: Cannabis was becoming far more popular by this point. The number of cannabis-related arrests increased dramatically – 25 convictions between the years 1930 – 1946, compared to 20 cases in 1962 alone.
1968: Cannabis convictions continued to escalate (up to 2300, to be exact). Plant use increased among college students and hippie culture, specifically.
1969: The Canadian government needed a way to investigate the recreational uses of cannabis throughout the country, so they created the Royal Commission of Inquiry in the Non-Medical Use of Drugs, known as the Le Dain Commission.
1971: The Gastown Riot. Hundreds of peaceful protestors gathered in Gastown, Vancouver to form the first pro-cannabis smoke-in. They were forcefully removed by police officers on horseback.
1972: The Le Dain Commission (see 1969 for a refresh) released a report on cannabis. The report suggested that federal government should remove criminal penalties for both possession and use of the plant. Unfortunately, no steps were taken to decriminalize.
1996: Terrance Parker, one of the first major cannabis advocates, was arrested for possession, cultivation and trafficking. He was caught growing cannabis and using it to relieve his epileptic seizures. Parker appealed to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
2000: 4 years later, the Ontario Court of Appeal ruled that the prohibition of cannabis use infringed on Terrance Parker's right to life, liberty and security, therefor rendering cannabis prohibition unconstitutional.
2001: The first rendition of Canada's medical cannabis law. The Marihuana for Medical Access Regulations (MMAR) was released, allowing licensed patients to grow their own cannabis or access it from licensed growers.
2003: Jean Chrétien (Liberal), put forth the first federal cannabis decriminalization measure. The measure reduced cannabis possession of up to 15 grams to a civil fine. Unfortunately, the bill died.
2004: Paul Martin (minority Liberal) introduced a decriminalization measure identical to that of Chrétien, but Martin's government was defeated, resulting in the death of the bill.
2005: In Vancouver, city authorities drafted a plan to regulate cannabis sales through the Four Pillars Drug Strategy. The plan was called "Preventing Harm from Psychoactive Drug Use."
2006: Prime Minister Stephen Harper released a national anti-drug strategy which imposed mandatory prison sentences on cannabis dealers. Additionally, anyone growing more than 500 plants would face a sentence of 2 years minimum. Maximum penalties increased from 7 to 14 years in prison.
2011: Justice Donald Taliano ruled that the MMAR (see year 2001), as well as the prohibitions against the possession and production of cannabis were constitutionally invalid. He ordered the government to fix the program immediately.
2013: The Marijuana for Medical Purpose Regulations (MMPR) was implemented. This created a commercially licensed industry for cannabis production and distribution.
2015: Cannabis baker Owen Smith was charged with possession of infused cookies. After he appealed the charge, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that restricting legal access to only dried flower violated the rights of medical cannabis patients. Therefore, licensed producers could now produce oils as well as flower. Additionally, medical patients were allowed to possess and alter different forms of cannabis.
2016: The MMPR (see year 2013) was challenged by Neil Allard for suspending personal production licenses from medical patients, requiring them to access the plant solely through licensed producers. The Federal Court of Canada revised the law again, releasing the Access to Cannabis for Medical Purposes Regulations (ACMPR).
2017: The Government of Canada proposed the Cannabis Act, an Act that would legalize possession, use, cultivation and purchase of limited amounts of the plant by adults 19 years and older.
2018: The Cannabis Act officially goes into effect, legalizing for adult recreational use in Canada.
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National Science Foundation Announces Vision for Graduate Students in STEM
COE faculty members receive $4.3 million total in CAREER and ONR YIP awards
Ross Hatton and co-PIs use an aluminum web and spider robots to study how spiders gain information.
OSU School of Chemical and Biological Engineering one of 16 sites to participate in NSF National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering received $3.8 million from NSF to increase coastal resilience.
Beckman Conference Center, Irvine, California
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College of Engineering - Office of ResearchBrady Gibbons Associate Dean for Research 541.737.2427 email@example.com Andrea Zigler Administrative Assistant email@example.com
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Earned Points : 412.7
Posted in Cryptocurrency & Blockchain
What is Energi?Energi is a self-funding cryptocurrency that has a purpose to reach the masses. The value proposition of Energi is that they will provide a very strong, self-funding treasury system which will eventually develop into a smart contract platform.Energi will provide a small allocation to mining rewards and will take a bulk of the coin issuance and give it the treasury and masternodes. Energi will also allocate 10% on-going reward to leadership of the Energi Backbone, which is significantly less compared to today's ICOs' rewarding their founders between 20–50% of the tokens distributed. Another trait that sets Energi apart from ICOs is they give an on-going 10% allocation through each block reward, rather than rewarding the founders up-front.source: https://medium.com/energi/energi-67b7bf2fe971The Future of Funding? Why Energi 'Bootstrapped' rather than 'ICO-ed'$100 BTC Giveaway Details BelowOne of the most common questions the Energi team gets asked centers around one thing: funding. Whether it's ICOs (Initial Coin Offering), IEOs (Initial Exchange Offering) or seed money, funding is the foundation of any project. So why did we decide to go at it alone, rather than launch an ICO like so many others? And what does this mean for the future of Energi? We'll answer all of these questions and more in this blog.It all starts with our founder. Back in 2017, Tommy World Power saw some serious problems emerging in the crypto space. While he couldn't predict the future, he could see many projects were being funded without an end goal in mind. Sure, ICOs could raise funds for now, but what about in a few years time?Since 2017, so many projects have died and so many founders have gotten rich — yet few of the actual products that were promised have reached the market. It's fair to say that it's the community, not the founders, that have paid the price. Tommy came from the crypto community and decided that rather than advising on projects, many of which were too stuck in their ways to change, he'd create one. And so Energi was born.That's also why, from day one, Tommy built Energi to be different. As many of you know, he decided to fund the project through bootstrapping instead of crowdfunding (by 'bootstrapping', we mean that he started the project using his own money, not outside investments). Compared to an ICO, IEO or traditional funding round, there's a significant amount of regulatory risk with doing an ICO/IEO that many projects ignored — choosing instead to play the game of jurisdictional arbitrage. This may come back to haunt many of them in the coming years. By being self-funded, Tommy operated within the existing regulatory structures. We can do what's right for the project and our community long-term without being influenced by outside shareholders.So how does it work in practice? Well, instead of a founder percentage as in a typical ICO, Tommy is on a 'vesting' schedule. This is an idea popular with members of the Bitcoin community, such as Andreas Antonopoulos, and we adapted it for Energi as our 'Backbone'. Basically, 'vesting' means that our founder doesn't get a lump sum upfront, he has to work towards it over a number of years — just like an earn-out clause in a typical merger or acquisition. This gives the project stability. Whereas many founders obsess over market price and short-term concerns, ours takes a more long-term view. The focus, then, is on mass adoption and the ultimate success of the project. Isn't that how a project should be funded?It's also more transparent because instead of all the funds ending up in an ICO wallet, funding is built into the cryptocurrency. Anyone can check the Energi website to see how the treasury is spent each month and what the team is working on. And, instead of one unaccountable ICO pot that can be mismanaged, funds are released in smaller increments in an auditable manner month after month.The value of this stability and transparency is huge. Especially today, when so many projects are going under or scaling back on their vision, which often happens without informing the people who funded them in the first place. Of course, there will still be periods of instability, but our model means we're able to ride out the market and deliver on our founding vision — while bringing the community with us.And the benefits of bootstrapping don't stop at stability and transparency. A side effect of this long-term focus is that it frees us up to look at what's really important. We aren't the first to notice that blockchain enables a better future with the possibility of having direct sovereignty over your money and bringing financial services to around a third of the world's unbanked population. However, we have to be conscious that our world is facing huge environmental challenges, and resource-intensive solutions that underpin major cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin are unsustainable for mass adoption. Thus Energi has chosen to implement a far greener solution via proof-of-stake rather than the arms race that is proof-of-work.Keeping with our vision of making the world a better place, a portion of the proceeds from the Backbone also funds the development of Energi Impact, our charity arm. Energi Impact's focus is ambitious, we know. Confronting climate change, cleaning the ocean and helping disadvantaged children are just some of the challenges we're working on. Currently, the project is building an initial base in Bali, Indonesia and the movement has already grown to six inspirational individuals. Energi Impact is a project that's not just changing the way charities are funded, but it's changing the world in the process.Another major cornerstone of Energi's self-funding treasury is our Defense department. This is essentially a group of cybersecurity experts who not only help community members if they've fallen victim to scams or hacks, but proactively put out valuable educational content to better equip everyone to fend off these attacks in the first place. This is unique in the Cryptocurrency space and another philanthropic effort on our part to better the entire ecosystem.ConclusionIn the years since crypto exploded, we've seen many projects continue to take the ICO route to secure their funding. Many of these projects have faced scrutiny from the SEC for the unlicensed sale of securities and numerous other legal missteps leading to their demise.Perhaps, though, there's a better approach after all. Let us know what you think in the comments below.We hope you agree that while there are many ways to fund a project like ours, a model like Energi's may well be the future of funding. We are in uncharted waters here folks, but we believe we are revolutionizing not only the cryptocurrency space but finance as a whole.Source: https://medium.com/energi/the-future-of-funding-why-energi-bootstrapped-rather-than-ico-ed-6ae8d7e64d22An official word from the Uptrennd teamEnergi is one of the very few cryptocurrency projects in the world that have been able to combine both an altruistic vision with savvy execution. In an incredibly short amount of time, they have become a successful operation, landing in the top 100 global cryptocurrencies globally, with more momentum building every month.What is most impressive is that throughout all of this, they have maintained the utmost integrity and stuck to their moral and philanthropic roots.This is incredibly rare in the crypto space, and we commend the team and community at Energi for committing to creating a better tomorrow.Uptrennd's founder, Jeff has seen people with Energi T-shirts doing beach and river garbage cleanups and other philanthropic endeavours countless times in Bali.Energi is both a globally-shifting technology, and is helping to guide a globally-shifting state of consciousness towards the betterment of the earth.Uptrennd fully supports the mission of team Energi, and applauds them for being a monumental positive force towards a collective paradigm-shift towards a better tomorrow.$100 BTC Giveaway - Sponsored by EnergiLeave a comment, praise, or a question for the Energi team below, and we will be giving two commenters $50 in BTC each.Additionally, if you are from the Energi community:Comment your favourite aspect of Energi alongside your telegram username below, and we will send you 500 1UP!
What is Energi?Energ..
Everything stated below is purely factual information and does not solicit investment advice, nor speculation. The 1UP token is not a speculative asset. 1UP is a strict utility token to be with the Uptrennd platform as a tool for boosting posts, purchasing ads, leveling up accounts and more. Let's dive in:1UP token = $0.0012Therefore, On Uptrennd $0.0012 buys you 10 views $0.012 buys you 100 views$0.12 buys you 1,000 viewsUptrennd $0.12 CPM (cost per thousand impressions)Okay, so what is the global average CPM?Comparative CPM'sGoogle: $2.85 Twitter: $5.76Instagram: $6.70Facebook: $9.10https://smallbusiness.chron.com/typical-cpm-74763.htmlFactually, comparative CPM's range from 23.75X to 75.8X higher than the 1UP token price. These figures above, multiplied by the 1UP token rate, brings the 1UP token true value to between $0.027 and $0.09.
Everything stated be..
BTC seen from the temporality of 1W we can observe how the structure of candles has formed a bullish pattern known as bullish flag, a continuation pattern, therefore, we should have a next upward movement that could reach the upper supply zone located within the price range of 16239 - 19902, signaled within the above chart by the two red horizontal color, in the game of 5 impulse waves, this pattern would be completing us the 2 wave and would come the 3 impulse wave which is usually the longest and fastest impulse wave, we need the price to test us the high zone to later be able to find the break and go for the 30,000 or 60,000, could even reach higher, after the break of the ATH the price can move freely up and only following the action the price action we can determine the next distribution zone.
BTC seen from the temporality of 1D we can observe more closely the current movement of candles where we see how the price so far carries an excellent momentum movement after reaching the demand zone of Fibonacci level 61, a level widely used to locate important levels of the trend, Currently the price could go back briefly to the range of 7280 - 7400 to take impulse again and go for the zone of offer in 1D that is located within the price range of 8478 - 8812, indicated within the graph by the two horizontal black color, we still can not confirm if the current impulse is 5 waves, however, if confirmed, we could see a reclaim above that level.
The graph above is added to show the current trend line that is holding the current price, we see how this diagonal has been tested previously as support and resistance, this level is strong and gives us a signal that we could have finished the correction within the bull flag.
In conclusion, BTC has maintained an excellent bullish movement since April 2019 where it had a great impulse until 13800 where the price has found fatigue and this correction has been long, but the structure of candles maintains a pattern of continuation bullish, this correction within the figure already begins to show reversal signal, so very soon we could see a continuous bullish movement towards the weekly offer located within the price range of 16239 - 19902, this would only be the beginning towards the way to form a new HH in the current trend, for this scenario to be completed, it is necessary that the price remains above 7,000 - 7,120, if the price returns to 6000, we could see a longer retreat towards the price range of 4600 - 5500, therefore, I recommend to follow very closely the action of the price in 1D and always remember to place your stop loss to avoid possible invalidations during the move.
You can follow me on Twitter: https://twitter.com/armijogarcia
My profile in TIMM: https://mentormarket.io/profile/?mrbullishsail/blogposts
BTC seen from the t..
Everyone who is still in on Matic should look to Chainlink when they announced their google partnership.These hype cycles do not last.We are in a bear market and longs are jumping on any pump they can, over-inflating the price, making the inevitable fall even harder.Now is the time to be evaluating which tech and projects you believe in the most.The bear market is the perfect opportunity to accumulate at steep discounts in projects that will have mass longevity."The stock market is a device for transferring money from the impatient to the patient."- Warren BuffetBeing inpatient and trying to catch the pump is no more than a gamble. Patience, research and an open perspective are the golden keys.
Everyone who is stil..
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Managerial Practices: Case Study Answers
This content was COPIED from BrainMass.com - View the original, and get the already-completed solution here!
See attached case file.
I am looking for three finds and facts and three Recommendations and justifications.© BrainMass Inc. brainmass.com October 10, 2019, 12:19 am ad1c9bdddf
Solution Preview
Problem #1
Fester was thrown into the team by Dr. Jerrold. Therefore, the team was not given any opportunity to talk about him with Dr. Jerrold or to interview him so as to obtain more background information about him and get to know him because he becomes established into the team. Moreover, Bob Knowlton failed to provide Dr. Jerrold with an honest opinion about Fester.
The dynamics of work teams can be very fragile. For this reason, it is very important that the team be involved in the selection of members' right from the start. At times, the team as whole can spot certain things about a prospect employee based on a team interview. Therefore, the team should have been given the opportunity to decide if Fester would be a good fit or not. However, overall, I blame Bob Knowlton the most for not being honest with Dr. Jerrold when he was given the opportunity to state his opinion about Fester. Here, the team communication process was not present. Open and straightforward communication is a must for the functioning of individuals as well as work teams. This communication ...
Solution Summary
This solution answers to questions that adress problems of managerial practices, and provides solutions to those problems.


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The measure requires stores in certain communities or those that receive public subsidies to pay for an economic impact report before construction begins.
Democratic Assemblyman Roger Hernandez authored the measure.
"This bill will provide local governments with the proper information they need to make an informed decision that protects the integrity of our tax dollars," he says.
But Republican Assemblyman Tim Donnelly says supporters of the Assembly bill have an ulterior motive.
"AB 667 is nothing more than a poison pill to eliminate Walmarts and Costco's and big box stores that might want them," he says.
The bill passed out of the Assembly on a 42 to 30 vote. It now moves to the Senate.
Governor Jerry Brown vetoed a similar bill in 2011.


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It is an inescapable fact that game designers , on occasion, may be asked to do a tiny programming. Then you will require to learn about digital game design and style by acquiring a certificate or degree in video style. This book continues the process started by the Gang of Four of documenting and sharing the application patterns they saw, and that method will continue soon after the ink dries on these pages. My son has summarized his findings at his website, so please check it out for a lot more specifics on four year video game design degrees.
You could not yet be prepared to pick a game engine till you make a decision what variety of game you want to develop. Button Studio – Every game wants 3D buttons and Button Studio lets you develop a assortment of buttons that are extremely specialist looking and it is extremely quick. What is intriguing about these applications is that it became really clear to me that the skills and jobs in video game creation are extremely applicable to a complete set of new, hot careers.
I am listing about a half dozen right here with a description of the level of programming required, how costly they are, what I consider their strengths, and of course, a hyperlink to the Internet Site you may find them. The initial issue you will require to start off a profession in game testing is a higher school diploma. Project management, creative design, teamwork and communication skills are integrated all through this dynamic curriculum to prepare students to operate on a creative group in the video game industry.
I have employed it largely to generate avatars for games and some game backgrounds which have then visited PSP. Graduates of this program have advanced education in programming languages like Java and C++. There are a quantity of tutorials as well as plugins to aid with game improvement. Game designer – typically you get into this by working your way up (starting as an artist or programmer).
Game Maker does have its personal programming (Script) language and is comparatively effortless to discover if you are a programmer. There is a massive help community and the game engine is geared towards multiple game varieties. Game Developers Conference – The GDC has conferences about the globe and though the internet site is concerned with itself, there is lots of additional data.


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Dr M C Gupta, a doctor turned lawyer, writes why the government should revive the short-term medical course — Diploma in Modern Medicine and Surgery (DMMS) — that existed earlier and why the Indian Medical Association (IMA) should welcome a DMMS course and should not oppose it.
Dr Gupta holds an MD (Medicine) from All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi; an LLB from Delhi University and LLM from Kurukshetra University. He has served as a faculty member at AIIMS for 18 years and as professor and dean at the National Institute of Health and Family Welfare. Currently, Dr Gupta is a practising advocate with health and medical law as the area of special interest. He is a member of the Supreme Court Bar Association and Indian Law Institute.
Question: What are your views about the three and a half years medical course?
1 — A three and a half years medical course is not something that is new or never existed or cannot exist. As a matter of fact, a large number of courses, basically similar, were offered by various universities and medical colleges in India and these were immensely popular and useful and served the backbone of modern medical care to the masses. Titles of seven such courses, listed in schedule 3, part 1 of the Indian Medical Council (IMC) Act, 1956, are listed below:
i) DMMS — Diploma in Modern Medicine and Surgery (Orissa)
ii) DMS — Diploma in Medicine and Surgery (Madras, Indore)
iii) LCPS — Licentiate of College of Physicians and Surgeons (Bombay)
iv) LMF — Licentiate of Medical Faculty
v) LMP — Licentiate Medical Practitioner
vi) LMS — Licentiate of Medicine and Surgery
vii) LSMF — Licentiate of State Medical Faculty
2 — The erstwhile LSMF (Licentiate of State Medical Faculty) course co-existed with the MBBS course till 1956. Both degree holders having LSMF or MBBS degrees were registered with the state medical council. Both were recognised medical qualifications in terms of section 2(h) of the IMC Act, 1956. Holders of both qualifications could have their names on the state medical register in terms of section 15(1) of the IMC Act, 1956. They could also have their names on the Indian Medical Register qualifications in terms of section 21, 22 and 23 of the IMC Act, 1956.
3 — However, the government took a decision to stop the licentiate courses mentioned above. The result was that we have no licentiates in modern medicine today. Unfortunately, they have been replaced by quacks of all sorts, including those not registered with the medical council but still practicing allopathy.
4 — The logical and common sense answer to the twin problems of quackery and shortage of doctors in rural areas is to re-introduce a short-term medical course, which would be duly registered by the medical council. This is exactly what the government wanted by introducing the course known as BRMS (Bachelor of Rural Medicine and Surgery). It was recommended by health planners and experts including professors of AIIMS (All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi).
5 — The background of the government's proposal regarding the BRMS/BRHC/BSc course proposal is as follows:
i) — Dr Meenakshi Gautam, a non-medical public health specialist, filed a Writ Petition (Civil) No. 13208 of 2009 in which the Hon'ble Delhi High Court had vide its order dated 10.11.2010 given the Medical Council of India (MCI) two months' time to finalize the curriculum and syllabus of the 3.5 year Primary Healthcare Practitioner Course, the implementation of the introduction of which was approved by the Union of India. The course was named 'Bachelor of Rural Health Care (BRHC)'. A further period of two months was given to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare for the enforcement of the same. Thus, BRHC should have been introduced by March 2011 as per the timelines stipulated by the Court in its order.
ii) — The facts in brief stated in the Writ Petition No. 13208 of 2009 leading to passing of the order dated 10.11.2010 are as follows:
a) — The existing healthcare systems are entrenched with inequalities and unable to meet the needs of the people. The main source of professional primary healthcare in rural areas is through the network of Primary Health Centres (PHCs). However, these are very few and far between. Many of the remote PHCs do not have doctors in position. On the demand side, people living in India's roughly 600,000 villages need a well-trained health provider within easy walking distance who is available 24 hours and who can take care of the bulk of common illnesses and who can provide first aid in emergencies, and who can identify and refer complicated cases in a timely manner. In the absence of trained primary health providers, this care at first contact is currently delivered by quacks.
b) — The National Health Policy, 2002 made several recommendations including a cadre of licentiates of medical practice.
c) — In the high-level 9th Conference of Central Council of Health and Family Welfare chaired by the Union Health Minister, where all state health ministers and officials participated, the resolution was passed that all states should introduce a 3-year diploma course in Medicine and Public Health in order to provide manpower to address rural healthcare needs, on the lines of Chhattisgarh and Assam legislations
On 13.11.2007, it was resolved in this Conference that "All State Govts bring out an enabling legislation… so as to introduce a 3-year diploma course in Medicine and Public Health in order to provide manpower to address rural healthcare needs.
d) — In 2007 a Task Force appointed by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Medical Education Reforms for National Rural Health Mission, recommended the introduction of the 3-year Rural Practitioner Course to fill the vacuum of healthcare providers in rural areas. However, all these proposals had run into opposition from vested interests and in particular MCI. This is despite the fact that MCI's own sub-committee in 1999 had noted that the existing system of medical education has "utterly failed" the health needs of the majority population in our country.
e) — There is ample evidence of different types of models of mid-level cadres from many countries, including both nursing as well as non-nursing types of models of mid-level practitioners. These include: Health Assistants and Community Medical Assistants in Nepal; Clinical Officers and Assistant Medical Officers in 47 sub-Saharan African countries; Health Officers and Health Assistants in the Western Pacific Region etc.
iii) — Thus, the petition 13208/2009 was filed seeking directions to the Government from the Hon'ble Court to introduce a short-term course for training mid-level health workers for primary healthcare in rural areas and then license and regulate graduates of the said course.
iv) — The course was delayed and the petitioner filed a contempt petition in the Delhi High Court. It is still pending. In their reply, the government informed the court that delay occurred because MCI had declined to be involved in this course due to certain legal issues and that the government had now got the NBE (National Board of Examination) to help in place of the MCI. The government has given an undertaking to the court that the course will be started in the forthcoming session, which means July 2013.
6 — Where the government goofed was this:
i) — The course was named as BRMS (Bachelor of Rural Medicine and Surgery), giving a handle to the critics by raising the human rights issue, saying that rural people are not inferior to be catered by less qualified persons.
ii) — There was unnecessary emphasis on restricting the graduates of the short-term medical course to rural areas for 10 years after graduation. Such an approach was wrong for the following reasons:
a) — A person competent to treat patients in a rural area cannot become incompetent to treat patients in an urban area.
b) — Nobody can be ordered to stay put in a rural area for 10 years if he wants to come to an urban area. If he translocates to an urban area, his rights under Article 21 of the Constitution cannot be curbed.
7 — What the government should have done was to revive the erstwhile DMMS (Diploma in Modern Medicine and Surgery). Such persons, produced in large numbers, would be an asset because:
i) — They would be real grassroots physicians / GPs (General Practitioners) working in the community, especially rural, remote and slum areas.
ii) — They would be duly licenced in terms of the IMC Act, 1956, and hence no laws would be broken.
iii) — They would continue to be GPs because, not being MBBS, they would not be able to take the MD route or the migration abroad route.
iv) — They would not compete with MBBS doctors but might work under them or as assistants to them.
v) — They would be an effective antidote against quacks.
vi) — They would provide cheap and reliable medical care to the poor people who cannot afford to go to MBBS/MD doctors.
8 — Also, the government should not have tagged the course to service in the PHCs as CHO (Community Health Officer). A bond of say, Rs 2.5 lakh could have been fixed on the payment of which the graduates would be free to practice in the community or get a job.
9 — It is unfortunate that the IMA (Indian Medical Association) decided to oppose the above course. They forgot that the course was recommended by no body other than the IMA's hero and past president Dr Ketan Desai in his capacity as president, MCI. It is surprising why MBBS doctors should feel threatened by short-term course doctors. Such short-term doctors would any day be better and preferable to quacks, including AYUSH quacks.
10 — The government further goofed up in the following manner:
i) — It should have taken the R out of BRMS and named the course as BMS. This would have taken care of the objection related to "treating the villagers as second class citizens". It should have removed the restriction about compulsory rural service for 10 years. Further, preferably, it should have named the course as DMS (Diploma in Medicine and Surgery) to cause even less irritation to the IMA. The IMA would not have objected to a DMS/DMMS course.
ii) — It renamed the course as BSc (Community Health). This was an unwise move, which immediately invited the objection that a BSc course cannot be a medical course and no arrangement had been announced by the government as to by which regulatory and registering council would such a course be supervised.
11 — Those MBBS doctors who criticise the course say that the proposed course is a ploy on the part of the authorities concerned to make money by granting recognition to short-term course colleges in an underhand manner. Such apprehension is unrealistic. It seems the government plans to conduct this course in government institutions and not private institutions. There is no question of underhand dealing / recognition in respect of government colleges unlike private colleges.
12 — There is no evidence that the short-term medical courses listed above had any disadvantages. The doctors having the above degrees were very effective as medical care providers to the general public. They acted as real GPs because they did not look forward to become specialists and super-specialists, which was possible only after an MBBS degree.
13 — The MCI/GoI's decision to abolish the short-term medical courses was not a sound idea for the following reasons:
i) — LSMF doctors were rooted in the community, including rural areas. They worked as real GPs. They never boasted about themselves and never competed with MBBS doctors. Even the public knew the difference between an LSMF and an MBBS.
ii) — They were destined to remain life long GPs because they could not get an MD specialist degree without an MBBS degree. This was good for the community because the public needs more GPs, not more specialists.
iii) — They tended to work in rural areas because they knew and acknowledged that an MBBS was superior to them. Most of them preferred not to compete with MBBS and MD doctors.
14 — There is no reason why a short-term medical course, which was useful 50 years ago should not be useful today, especially when the trend even in the West is to have nurse practitioners discharge some basic medical care.
15 — Summary and Conclusions:
i) — The government should revive the short-term medical courses that existed earlier. The proper name for such a course would be DMMS. The revival would not need any legal backing because the IMC Act, 1956, already provides for such courses.
ii) — The government should not have the following names:
a) BRMS — This artificially differentiates between rural/urban medicine and practitioners of medicine.
b) BRHC — This is not a medical course name and hence cannot entitle a person to be registered with a medical council.
c) BSc — This is a strict no-no. A BSc (Community Health) cannot be given the responsibilities carried out by a physician.
iii) — The IMA should welcome a DMMS course and should not oppose it.
iv) — A large number of DMMS graduates means that much reduction in AYUSH quackery.
v) — Graduates of this course should be on a bond to serve in the PHCs for 10 years, failing which they should pay up the bond amount to the government.
vi) — The introduction of the short-term course will, from the point of view of the modern medicine graduates, have the following beneficial effects:
a) It will markedly reduce quackery (including quackery in the nature of allopathic practice by AYUSH graduates).
b) It might lead to a situation when AYUSH colleges either close down (like the MBA courses/colleges nowadays) or convert into BRHC colleges.
c) It will lead to the creation of a large number of new jobs for modern medicine graduates who will be needed as faculty in the BRHC colleges.
d) It will raise the status of MBBS, which has been currently reduced to the lowest degree in the medical/health field. With BRHC in place, MBBS doctors may as well act as referral doctors for patients referred by BRHC graduates.
e) When BRHC graduates are in place, the need for obligatory rural service for MBBS doctors would decrease.
f) When the BRHC graduates are in place, MBBS doctors posted in rural areas will not find that they are left to fend for themselves with no staff, equipment and facilities in remote areas. It is natural that equipment and facilities will have to improve with BRHC graduates in place. In other words, service in remote and rural areas will be less of an ordeal for MBBS doctors.
g) MBBS doctors having nursing homes will be able to employ BRHC graduates without any problem instead of employing AYUSH graduates which is illegal in terms of the NCDRC (National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission) decision in Prof P N Thakur Vs Hans Charitable Hospital (16 August 2007).
Dr M C Gupta (Former Professor and Dean)
MD (Medicine), MPH, LLM
Advocate & Medico-Legal Consultant
(Delhi Bar Council No. 857/2001)
Phone: 9999-333-801


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A backsplash doesn't only add style to your Calgary, Alberta area home – it also protects the wall from damage. Here at Floor Coverings International Calgary we have lots of experience helping customers choose the right backsplash for their home. There are lots of materials and designs to choose from. Help from our experts will ensure you end up with a style that you'll love for years to come.
All About Backsplashes
A backsplash can be applied to walls in your kitchen and bathroom to add more character and protect the wall. They are most often found behind a sink or stove, but you can continue your backsplash across as much of the wall as you want. These protective layers are often made from stone tile, but they can also be simple self-adhesive designs made with copper or tin. Keep in mind that the more you invest in your backsplash, the longer it will last.
Backsplash Benefits
- Backsplashes offer a unique way to decorate your home with beautiful tiles or mosaics.
- Many backsplash materials including ceramic and glass can be wiped clean easily with a wet cloth.
- You can totally customize your backsplash, from the color of the tiles to the grout between them.
- Your wall won't be damaged with unsightly moisture damage or oil stains.
Backsplash Materials
The most common type of material for a backsplash is stone tile, but you can choose from a wide range including:
- Ceramic Tile
- Slate Tile
- Marble
- Granite
- Luxury Vinyl Tile
- Glass Mosaic Tile
Why Choose Floor Coverings International
Our team of experts has years of experience choosing and installing backsplashes. We also have direct relationships with top manufacturers that allow us to offer you great prices on quality materials.
We offer free in-home consultations to make your installation and decision process even simpler. A design expert will bring our samples to your home or business in the Calgary, Alberta so you can see what the different colors and styles look like in your space. We also offer advice and suggestions to help you find the right design for your existing décor and budget.
Contact us today to schedule your consultation!
You Might Also Be Interested In:
Photo Credit: Breadmaker


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Car air freshener scent reviewsAx - 3T Animorphs
Posted on: November 25, 2017
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*** The Tin Soldier is intended to be a humorous and entertaining look at issues and events at the University of Waterloo. As such articles should not be taken to represent real events or opinions, and they should not be associated with the University of Waterloo staff or administration in any way. Any similarities to real world events, people or corporations is purely coincidental – or non-coincidental but meant in an entirely joking manner.***
Whether you're covering up something foul or just really like that new car smell, there is probably an air freshener scent for you. These are just my five favourites and two I really hate.
5. Bacon
This one is a great conversation starter. Doesn't smell a whole lot like bacon. More like burnt cardboard, but like a really nice burnt cardboard. It wafts through the car fully and made it impossible to rid of the smell for weeks following its disposal. Also be sure not to throw it away in your own garbage can because then your house will smell like burnt cardboard too. Unless you want that. ½ stars
4. Bayside breeze
This scent comes from one of my favourite brands. It smells like apples and melons. Passengers don't tend to appreciate the breeze part though. 2/7 stars
3. Leather
I really like this scent because I don't have leather seats and I really wanted them. If I hide the air freshener in the car and close my eyes while I'm driving I can almost imagine how much better life would be with sleek leather seats. 7/4 stars
2. Creamy avocado
I can't buy real avocados because I want to afford a house one day, but this is a perfect substitute. It's really long lasting and I eat my toast with this there it's like eating real avocado toast. 3 broken hearts
Figure 1: https://www.thesun.co.uk/motors/2750281/9-bizarre-smelling-air-fresheners/
Cat Butt Air Freshener
This is what I consider to be the best air freshener on the market. It is long lasting and has a fresh crisp scent that smells exactly like cat butt. It really covers up the smell of weed, but if you don't like the smell of cat butt you may have to get a second air freshener to cover up the scent of cat butt. But that's personal opinion. 10/10 stars would smell again
The two worst
Pina Colada
I hung this up in my car and then immediately lost it. I was never able to find it. The smell lasted for over a year. Assaulting my nostrils with a blend of pineapple, coconut, and vanilla. I couldn't take it any longer. I burned the car. -10 stars
Vanilla Pride
I was gifted this by a friend who heard I have a collection. Described it as a "timeless American design paired with a smooth and creamy vanilla fragrance."… really? 0000 stars
all of the tree images came from this website.^
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Fiscal Policy: Short of its accounting gimmicks, the president's budget isn't a "balanced" plan to get the debt crisis under control. It's a monument to fiscal irresponsibility.
With much fanfare and a lot of media hype, President Obama unveiled his latest budget plan — two months late. An IBD review of Obama's budget finds that, among other things, it:
• Boosts spending and deficits over the next two years. Obama's own budget numbers show that he wants to hike spending over the next two years by $247 billion compared with the "baseline," which even after his proposed new tax hikes would mean $157 billion in additional red ink.
Obama claims he'll get tough on spending and deficits later, but every budget expert knows boosting spending today only makes it harder to cut later.
• Vastly exaggerates spending cuts. The press has widely reported that Obama's budget would cut spending a total of $1.2 trillion over the next decade. But Obama's own budget shows that he actually cuts spending a mere $186 billion. (The relevant tables can be found at http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/budget/fy2014/assets/tables.pdf on Pages 187-190.)
Obama inflates his claimed savings by first canceling the automatic sequester spending cuts he previously signed into law, then reclaiming them as new savings, and by adding in cuts in interest payments on the debt.
• Relies almost entirely on tax hikes. Obama's budget shows his plan would increase revenues by $1.14 trillion over the next decade. That means his budget proposes $6 in new taxes for every $1 in spending cuts.
• Cuts the deficit less than claimed. "My budget will reduce our deficits by nearly another $2 trillion," Obama said Wednesday. But his budget shows total deficit reduction over the next decade would be just $1.4 trillion. Plus, deficits start rising again after 2018.
• Creates a new entitlement without a reliable means to pay for it. Obama claims he can finance a new $76 billion "preschool for all" program by raising tobacco taxes again. But after an initial spike, tobacco tax revenues will start trending downward year after year as more people quit smoking, while the costs of this new program will keep climbing.
The last time Obama hiked tobacco taxes — to pay for an expansion of Medicaid — revenues came in $2.2 billion less than expected.
• Boosts taxes on the middle class. Obama proposes to change the government's "consumer price index" in a way that will lower the official inflation rate. He's selling it as a way to cut Social Security annual "cost of living" adjustments, which are based on the CPI.
But because his "chained CPI" would also apply to annual tax bracket adjustments, it will end up hiking taxes by $124 billion — mainly on the middle class — over the next decade through bracket creep, according to the Congressional Budget Office.
In his remarks Wednesday after releasing his 65-day-overdue budget, Obama claimed: "The numbers work. There's not a lot of smoke and mirrors in here."
Fact is, if it weren't for smoke and mirrors, Obama would have no budget plan at all.


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New post features and design
Hi everyone!
GroupCamp is happy to announce new post features and design.
- New Post a message and Post selected items popups
- Use the new display of items in a post
- Private items display in posts and emails
- Ownership of new uploaded files
New Post a message and Post selected items popups
Our goal was to simplify the existing post popups and provide better user experience for current and future uses.
1/ We have change the direct access to post in a topic with the Share this post in a topic of the Discussions application link which allow you to sort a post immediatly.
2/ In the Post selected items popup, items (tasks, milestones, etc) can be sorted or deleted.
Use the new display of items in a post
Now, when an item is updated or deleted, posts which display this item are updated.
With this new feature, you can use posts to write your meetings minutes and add tasks as action items.
Note: when an item is updated, post followers are not notified (too spammy). Just add a comment to notify followers.
Private items display in posts and emails
When an item is private or become private, the item is also updated in posts display. Your Guests will not see item's names (Ie. a private task is displayed Private task [P]).
Please note that you can edit the post and delete private items.
Ownership of new uploaded files
When you upload new files in the post popup:
- if the post was done in a group, files will be owned by the group,
- if the post was done between colleagues (Direct message), files will be owned by you.
All the best!


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Williams published a press release yesterday saying that their new Lenovo Supercomputer is up and running. While many will say so what, this is an important step in Williams climbing the slippery slope back to winning, a very difficult task.
Basically this computer will allow Williams to do a lot more CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics, which in effect means that they can do much better wind tunnel analysis, without actually spending time in the wind tunnel, which means huge savings for the team in these days for F1 wind tunnel madness.
This is the reason you are seeing so many partnerships that have been announced between Formula One teams and computing companies. These partnerships allow the computer companies to work on and develop the absolute in high end computing, and allow the teams to get access to testing for new models without having to build huge new wind tunnels, or expensive wind tunnel car and component models. It's a win win situation, even without all the publicity that is generated on both sides. These days, computer companies and Formula One are the perfect partners.
On to the press release:
Lenovo today announced the successful installation of a powerful supercomputer for ATT Williams, now being used in the racing team's wind tunnel simulation facilities in the UK.
ATT Williams and Lenovo collaborated on the customized supercomputing solution, designed to optimize the aerodynamics of the team's Formula One cars.
"Aerodynamics plays a critical role in determining how competitive we are for each of the race circuits we visit," said Alex Burns, chief operating officer, ATT Williams. "The optimum balance of downforce and drag varies between different circuits, so the aerodynamics at Monaco — lots of tight corners with few straights — are very different from Monza, which has few corners but lots of long straights. The increase in supercomputing power from Lenovo will give us the capability to examine a greater range of design variations between races, which will increase our development rate, bringing more performance to the car sooner."
The supercomputer is being used for operations in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), performing billions of calculations that simulate airflow around a virtual model of a three-dimensional, on-track racing car. This process will help predict how even the smallest changes in component shape and placement will affect drag and downforce, with resulting impacts on speed and handling.
With a peak performance of eight teraflops (trillion floating point operations per second), the Lenovo supercomputer is four times more powerful than the team's previous solution. This will enable the team to speed up the process of aerodynamic simulation by approximately 75 percent.
"Aerodynamics has been steadily gaining importance in recent years, accounting for roughly three quarters of the performance of a Formula One car today," Burns said. "The tremendous increase in power delivered by the Lenovo supercomputer will allow us to perform the same tasks we do today in a quarter of the time."
The team uses the supercomputer to examine numerous aerodynamic variables, such as surface geometry, wheel turbulence and track surface. For example, the team can analyze the effects of adjusting the curvature of the car's surface, with the goal of improving the generation of downforce and the reduction of drag.
The aerodynamic simulations are being done in combination with experimental techniques in the team's two wind tunnels. Computer-generated tests will enable the ATT Williams team to focus resources on building the most promising solutions for testing in the wind tunnel and on track.
"The high-performance computing solution developed for ATT Williams is the latest example of Lenovo capabilities in world-class engineering and research," said Deepak Advani, senior vice president and chief marketing officer, Lenovo. "We're excited about providing a supercomputing solution that delivers the power and speed necessary for ATT Williams to stay competitive in the most technologically advanced sport in the world."
This agreement is an extension of the relationship between Lenovo and ATT Williams. At the beginning of the 2007 race season, Lenovo announced its support as an Official Partner of ATT Williams. The team uses Lenovo PC technology in every facet of its business, from ignition to inventory.


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The Institute for Learning Partnership and Professional Program in Education were happily busy all last week, hosting nine Nigerian educators for a week of learning and cultural exchange. The visitors participated in a variety of sessions and programs here at UW-Green Bay and elsewhere in the community, including in the K-12 schools. We'll have more on their time here soon, but for now, check out a great photo and article that appeared in Saturday's (May 4) Green Bay Press-Gazette.
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Authorities continue to investigate missing Oklahoma couple
LOVE COUNTY, Okla. – Authorities continue to investigate a missing couple from southern Oklahoma.
According to officials, District Attorney Craig Ladd requested OSBI open a full investigation into the disappearance and possible homicides of Molly Miller and Colt Haynes.
Authorities say a friend last heard from the couple via phone July 8, 2013.
The OSBI has helped run dozens of leads in the past 12 months as have numerous other agencies.
Authorities say leads recently surfaced that could prove helpful in this case.
At the time of their disappearance, Miller was 17 and Haynes was 21.


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AFL North West women's grand final 2018: Kangaroos beat Inverell
"They say you gotta lose one to win one."
That was one of the first things Kangaroos coach Ben Evenis said after his side prevailed 4.2 (26) to 1.6 (12) against Inverell at Varley Oval in the AFL North West women's grand final.
The Kangaroos went down in last year's inaugural women's grand final to the Saints and Evenis said that drove his side to succeed in 2018.
"I'm over the moon," Evenis said after the victory.
"We lost last year. That hurt us but we came back, we dug deep and got the win."
A lot of digging was done on the day, a lot of it with studs into the playing pitch.
With the overnight rain leaving puddles of water on the pitch, conditions were tough and points were hard to come by which was reflected in the scoreline.
Four separate players scored goals for the Kangaroos – Daisy George, Natalie Deaves, Shannon Campbell and Chloe Abbott – while Kelsie Julius scored Inverell's lone goal.
It was a slog from the start before the Kangaroos shot out to lead late in the first quarter.
The first goal – through Deaves – didn't come until there was three minutes left in the opening term and then George kicked hers a minute later to give the Roos an 11-point buffer.
A grubbered goal to Abbott a third of the way through the second quarter saw Tamworth take control before Inverell scored their lone goal in the final minute of the term after kicking six behinds on the trot.
Campbell's goal came in the third term after the Roos had kept the ball in their forward 50 for an extended length of time. All the while, Tamworth kept Inverell scoreless.
The weight of territory shifted in the final quarter with Inverell holding the ball in their forward 50 for the majority of the quarter.
However, the Saints weren't able to score as the final quarter was a scoreless one.
After the full-time siren, Evenis commented on how it'd been a tough year at times for the Roos.
"We had a lot of girls in and out of the side and we didn't have the numbers for each game, either, like we did last year," Evenis said.
"It was a grind all year and then to come and play good on the day. It's just awesome."
Amanda Brown claimed best on ground honours for her efforts through the middle.
"Well deserved. She battled all day in the midfield," Evenis said.
"She rolled her ankle in the second quarter and kept on digging deep. That's what she does every week and she done it again."
Saints coach Dick Gleeson said he expected the game to be a tough slog after the rain Inverell received before the grand finals.
He said the difference was how Tamworth used their opportunities at goal.
"The games [between the Saints and the Roos] have always been close," Gleeson said.
"Look at the scoreboard. We had as many scoring shots but they played better footy at the goals. [They put in a] tough contest. That's all you can ask for as a coach."
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Britain accused as Kenyan children grazing livestock killed by explosive device
Four children died on Saturday and five youngsters aged between 12 and 17 were killed in the same area of northern Kenya in December.
A Kenyan official has blamed devices that Britain might have planted during colonial rule for the deaths of four children killed in a field where they were grazing livestock.
Mandera governor Ali Roba has asked security agents to clear the fields of any devices from before Kenya gained independence in 1963 following the latest deaths on Saturday.
Five children between the ages of 12 and 17 were killed in the same area of northern Kenya on December 20 while playing with an explosive device they found while grazing livestock.
Many children living in the arid and semi-arid regions of Kenya often tend to their family's livestock after school. Some are forced to drop out of school to do so.
PA Media