text:
Books Received
January 2016
Listed below are books received for review over the last two months. Entries include publishing information as well as a description of the book. Unless otherwise stated, the book description is taken from the publisher's website or the book jacket. Selected titles from this list will be chosen for a full review in forthcoming issues of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Books. Previous books received are available from the links below.
Previous Editions
|American Judicial Power: The State Court Perspective, by Michael L. Buenger and Paul J. De Muniz. Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2015. 302p.
"Justice is a basic human right in all democratic doctrines, but in Britain, where welfare has faced recent market-based reforms, it's increasingly a right available only to those who can afford it. Professionals and volunteers are struggling to provide services such as legal counseling and representation to disadvantaged communities. This book explores how strategies to safeguard these vital services can strengthen, rather than undermine, the basic ethics and principles of public service provision. The authors show how such safeguarding might improve the positions of those who administer—as well as those who need—publicly provided legal services. Though focused on Britain, their findings reverberate to the United States and all democracies undergoing similar challenges in the public sphere." From Publisher's Website
|Capital Punishment: Theory and Practice of the Ultimate Penalty, by Virginia Leigh Hatch and Anthony Walsh. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016. 352p.
"Capital Punishment: Theory and Practice of the Ultimate Penalty is a fair, balanced, and accessible introduction to the greatest moral issue facing the American criminal justice system today. Opening with a unique chapter that outlines the philosophical and theoretical explanations for punishment and its relevance to the death-penalty debate, the authors then explore the wide array of topics in the field.
The text covers the history of the death penalty in the U.S. from colonial times to the present day; the relevant landmark U.S. Supreme Court cases from Furman v. Georgia (1972) onwards; the history of public opinion and how it shapes the debate on capital punishment; the history of U.S. execution methods; deterrence; racial disparity in the application of the death penalty; wrongful convictions; the costs associated with capital punishment; and federal, military, and international death penalties." From Publisher's Website
|Challenging the Mafia Mystique: Cosa Nostra from Legitimisation to Denunciation, by Rino Coluccello. Basingstoke, UK; New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. 260p.
"This book provides an analysis of the changes the Sicilian mafia has undergone from legitimisation to denunciation. It argues that conceptualizations of the mafia in public and scientific debate, during the nineteenth and more than half of the twentieth century, created a mystique that legitimised the mafia and contributed to their success." From Publisher's Website
|Civilian Oversight of Police: Advancing Accountability in Law Enforcement, edited by Tim Prenzler and Garth den Heyer. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2016. 273p.
"Exploring the complex and controversial topic of civilian oversight of police, this book analyzes the issues and debates entailed by civilian oversight by using worldwide perspectives, in-depth case studies, and a wealth of survey data. Integrating and summarizing decades of research from many locations around the globe, Civilian Oversight of Police: Advancing Accountability in Law Enforcement uses a very clear and consistent pattern of findings to address the overall management of police conduct.
Emphasizing the concept of shared responsibility for effective police integrity management, the book discusses what does and does not work in maximizing police management and performance. It presents a best practices model for managing police conduct and describes the impact of oversight agencies on police policy, including innovative means by which agencies can work with police departments to improve police conduct.
Civilian Oversight of Police provides a critical resource on police conduct for professionals as well as academics. It makes practical recommendations for achieving a "win-win" balance in addressing the needs and interests of all parties involved with the police complaints and accountability process. It also marks a starting point to stimulate further research as well as increased collaboration between researchers and practitioners to enhance the stock of knowledge for effective police integrity management and democratic accountability." From Publisher's Website
|Contested Justice: The Politics and Practice of International Criminal Court Interventions, edited by Christian De Vos, Sara Kendall and Carsten Stahn. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 504p.
"The International Criminal Court emerged in the early twenty-first century as an ambitious and permanent institution with a mandate to address mass atrocity crimes such as genocide and crimes against humanity. Although designed to exercise jurisdiction only in instances where states do not pursue these crimes themselves (and are unwilling or unable to do so), the Court's interventions, particularly in African states, have raised questions about the social value of its work and its political dimensions and effects. Bringing together scholars and practitioners who specialise on the ICC, this collection offers a diverse account of its interventions: from investigations to trials and from the Court's Hague-based centre to the networks of actors who sustain its activities. Exploring connections with transitional justice and international relations, and drawing upon critical insights from the interpretive social sciences, it offers a novel perspective on the ICC's work. This title is also available as open access." From Publisher's Website
|Corporate Social Responsibility? Human Rights in the New Global Economy, edited by Charlotte Walker-Said and John D. Kelly. Chicago; London: University of Chicago Press, 2015. 388p.
"The book examines the diverse approaches to CSR, with a particular focus on how those approaches are siloed within discrete disciplines such as business, law, the social sciences, and human rights. Bridging these disciplines and addressing and critiquing all the conceptual domains of CSR, the book also explores how CSR silos develop as a function of the competition between different interests. Ultimately, the contributors show that CSR actions across all arenas of power are interdependent, continually in dialogue, and mutually constituted. Organizing a diverse range of viewpoints, this book offers a much-needed synthesis of a crucial element of today's globalized world and asks how businesses can, through their actions, make it better for everyone." From Publisher's Website
|Corruption, Fraud, Organized Crime, and the Shadow Economy, edited by Maximilian Edelbacher, Peter C. Kratcoski, and Bojan Dobovsek. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2016. 212p.
"Fueled by corruption, fraud, and organized crime, the shadow economy—also known as the informal, black market, illegal, or underground economy—is currently on the rise worldwide. Corruption, Fraud, Organized Crime, and the Shadow Economy addresses shadow economies and the players involved by examining various aspects of criminal law and prosecution.
This book gathers the insights of several world-renowned professionals and academics in order to portray the links between organized crime, the shadow economy, and corruption. It discusses how to address these issues as they relate to crime, criminal law, and prosecution of the players involved.
The constant misconception by policy makers of the relationships between organized crime, corruption, and the shadow economy fuels the present status quo of economic inequality, increases the risks of future economic crises, victimizes people, and even damages the environment. This book takes a critical, multinational, multidisciplinary, common-sense approach to complex and globalized problems of conventional and unconventional deviance through the shadow economy.
The contributors identify key critical areas in specific countries from which they originate, adding an insider's perspective to their analyses. With these insights and the use of illustrative case studies, they highlight best practices as well as mistakes to avoid in encountering the obstacles that lie ahead in combating the shadow economy." From Publisher's Website
|Cyberbullies, Cyberactivists, Cyberpredators Film, TV, and Internet Stereotypes, by Lauren Rosewarne Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger. 2016. 413p.
"Written by an expert in media, popular culture, gender, and sexuality, this book surveys the common archetypes of Internet users—from geeks, nerds, and gamers to hackers, scammers, and predators—and assesses what these stereotypes reveal about our culture's attitudes regarding gender, technology, intimacy, and identity.
The Internet has enabled an exponentially larger number of people—individuals who are members of numerous and vastly different subgroups—to be exposed to one other. As a result, instead of the simple "jocks versus geeks" paradigm of previous eras, our society now has more detailed stereotypes of the undesirable, the under-the-radar, and the ostracized: cyberpervs, neckbeards, goths, tech nerds, and anyone with a non-heterosexual identity. Each chapter of this book explores a different stereotype of the Internet user, with key themes—such as gender, technophobia, and sexuality—explored with regard to that specific characterization of online users.
Author Lauren Rosewarne, PhD, supplies a highly interdisciplinary perspective that draws on research and theories from a range of fields—psychology, sociology, and communications studies as well as feminist theory, film theory, political science, and philosophy—to analyze what these stereotypes mean in the context of broader social and cultural issues. From cyberbullies to chronically masturbating porn addicts to desperate online-daters, readers will see the paradox in popular culture's message: that while Internet use is universal, actual Internet users are somehow subpar—less desirable, less cool, less friendly—than everybody else." From Publisher's Website
|Dangerous Politics: Risk, Political Vulnerability, and Penal Policy, by Harry Annison. Oxford, UK; New York: Oxford University Press, 2015. 288p.
"Dangerous Politics: Risk, Political Vulnerability, and Penal Policy" brings together relevant literature in law, criminology, and politics to provide insights into the nature of British penal politics, the role of the judiciary and pressure groups, and the interrelation between risk, the 'public voice', and penal politics. It presents a detailed case study of the IPP story: the creation and eventual demise of the Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentence.
Drawing on over 60 in-depth interviews with key policymakers, the author investigates the beliefs, traditions, and political processes that propelled developments in the 'IPP story', namely the creation, contestation, amendment, and demise of the IPP sentence. An indeterminate sentence modelled upon the existing life sentence but targeted far more broadly, the IPP sentence has been described as 'one of the least carefully planned and implemented pieces of legislation in the history of British sentencing' (Jacobson and Hough, 2010) and has dramatically increased the indeterminate-sentenced prison population, from approximately 3,000 in 1992 to over 13,000 in 2014. Though abolished in 2012, it remains a pressing issue: over 5,000 IPP prisoners remain, with ongoing campaigns pressing for their release. Standing as one of the most striking examples of the expansion of preventive goals in sentencing policy, this study of the IPP story stands as a cautionary tale, with important lessons for Australia, Canada, the United States, and other nations that continue to pursue preventive goals. This book argues that the IPP story demonstrates the need to be cautious of equating substance with process – while on one view the IPP sentence constitutes a penal manifestation of the risk society, its development refutes the 'evolutionary growth' of such policies as implied by the 'new penology' thesis.
Dangerous Politics makes an original contribution to our understanding of the genesis and demise of the IPP sentence, and to our broader understanding of the nature of penalty in early 21st century Britain. It will be of interest to academics and students in the fields of criminology, criminal law, politics and policymaking, as well as sentencing and criminal justice policymakers." From Publisher's Website
|Dark Matters: On the Surveillance of Blackness, by Simone Browne. Durham, NC; London: Duke University Press, 2015. 213p.
"In Dark Matters Simone Browne locates the conditions of blackness as a key site through which surveillance is practiced, narrated, and resisted. She shows how contemporary surveillance technologies and practices are informed by the long history of racial formation and by the methods of policing black life under slavery, such as branding, runaway slave notices, and lantern laws. Placing surveillance studies into conversation with the archive of transatlantic slavery and its afterlife, Browne draws from black feminist theory, sociology, and cultural studies to analyze texts as diverse as the methods of surveilling blackness she discusses: from the design of the eighteenth-century slave ship Brooks, Jeremy Bentham's Panopticon, and The Book of Negroes, to contemporary art, literature, biometrics, and post-9/11 airport security practices. Surveillance, Browne asserts, is both a discursive and material practice that reifies boundaries, borders, and bodies around racial lines, so much so that the surveillance of blackness has long been, and continues to be, a social and political norm." From Publisher's Website.
|The Death Penalty in China: Policy, Practice, and Reform, edited by Bin Liang and Hong Lu. New York: Columbia University Press. 362p.
"Featuring experts from Europe, Australia, Japan, China, and the United States, this collection of essays follows changes in the theory and policy of China's death penalty from the Mao era (1949–1979) through the Deng era (1980–1997) up to the present day. Using empirical data, such as capital offender and offense profiles, temporal and regional variations in capital punishment, and the impact of social media on public opinion and reform, contributors relay both the character of China's death penalty practices and the incremental changes that indicate reform. They then compare the Chinese experience to other countries throughout Asia and the world, showing how change can be implemented even within a non-democratic and rigid political system, but also the dangers of promoting policies that society may not be ready to embrace." From Publisher's Website.
|Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking: Beyond Victims and Villains, by Alexandra Lutnick. New York: Columbia University Press, 2016. 181p.
"The domestic sex trafficking of minors is a problem of growing concern yet little critical attention. This book analyzes the forces behind the sex-trafficking industry in the United States and provides a much-needed reference for practitioners. It adopts a holistic approach, pursuing a nuanced exploration of these young people's experiences, their treatment, and outside efforts to combat sex trafficking.
The book features interviews with service providers and experts, and incorporates recent research, thereby mapping the complex factors associated with young people's involvement in trading sex and the social connections that facilitate their behavior. It considers the experiences of both those who "choose" sex work and those who are forced into it by circumstances or third parties, and it discusses the networks of friends and close acquaintances who introduce newcomers to the trade. In addition, it takes a hard look at how local and federal responses to trafficking increase young people's vulnerability to trading sex. Urging policymakers and practitioners to move beyond the simple framework of "rescuing" victims and "punishing" villains, this book calls for policies and programs that focus on the failure of social and cultural systems and respond better to the young people caught in this web." From Publisher's Website.
|Drugs and Popular Culture in the Age of New Media, by Paul Manning. Abingdon, UK; New York: Routledge, 2014. 235p.
"This book examines the history of popular drug cultures and mediated drug education, and the ways in which new media – including social networking and video file-sharing sites – transform the symbolic framework in which drugs and drug culture are represented. Tracing the emergence of formal drug regulation in both the US and the United Kingdom from the late nineteenth century, it argues that mass communication technologies were intimately connected to these "control regimes" from the very beginning. Manning includes original archive research revealing official fears about the use of such mass communication technologies in Britain. The second half of the book assesses on-line popular drug culture, considering the impact, the problematic attempts by drug agencies in the US and the United Kingdom to harness new media, and the implications of the emergence of many thousands of unofficial drug-related sites." From Publisher's Website.
|Experiencing Imprisonment: Research on the Experience of Living and Working in Carceral Institutions, edited by Carla Reeves. Abingdon, UK; New York: Routledge, 2016. 337p.
"The growing body of work on imprisonment, desistance and rehabilitation has mainly focused on policies and treatment programmes and how they are delivered. Experiencing Imprisonment reflects recent developments in research that focus on the active role of the offender in the process of justice. Bringing together experts from around the world and presenting a range of comparative critical research relating to key themes of the pains of imprisonment, stigma, power and vulnerability, this book explores the various ways in which offenders relate to the justice systems and how these relationships impact the nature and effectiveness of their efforts to reduce offending." From Publisher's Website.
|Framing Excessive Violence: Discourse and Dynamics, edited by Daniel Ziegler, Marco Gerster and Steffen Kramer. Basingstoke, UK; New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. 263p.
"Violence is a persistent feature of modern society. However, excessive violence, occurring unexpectedly and seemingly without sense, particularly challenges social cohesion by transgressing the limits of normalised violence. This book explores the dynamics of excessive violence using a broad range of interdisciplinary case studies, including: riots, school shootings, torture, extreme right-wing violence, and terrorist acts. It highlights that excessive violence depends on various contingencies and is not always the outcome of rational decision making. The contributors to this volume also analyse the discursive framing of acts of excessive violence. Most people experience violent acts through mass media only in retrospect and from a distance. The book shows that it is essential to examine how those events are retrospectively framed, narrated and therefore (re)integrated into the symbolic order of society. It will be of great interest to students and scholars across the fields of criminology, cultural studies, and the sociology of violence." From Publisher's Website.
|Free Market Criminal Justice: How Democracy and Laissez Faire Undermine the Rule of law, by Darryl K. Brown. Oxford, UK: New York: Oxford University Press, 2016. 304p.
"Free Market Criminal Justice explains how faith in democratic politics and free markets has undermined the rule of law in US criminal process. America's unique political development, characterized by skepticism of government power, has restrained the state's role not only in the economic realm but also in key parts of its criminal justice systems. From charging decisions through trials or guilty pleas and appeals, legal safeguards against bias, wrongful convictions, and excessive punishment rely more on politics and laissez-faire economic ideas than on enforceable rules and duties. Prosecutorial discretion is checked not by legal standards but by popular elections, and plea bargaining law is wholly built on a faith in unregulated markets-in contrast to the systems in other common law countries that also have neoliberal economies, adversarial process, and high guilty plea rates. This book argues that democratic and market ideas have led to more partisan prosecutors, narrower duties of evidence disclosure, and to a right to defense counsel that carefully accommodates preexisting wealth inequalities. Most important, democratic and market values have diminished the responsibility of judges-and of the state itself-for the accuracy and integrity of court judgments. Paradoxically, skepticism of government has expanded state power, reduced checks on executive officials, marginalized juries, and contributed to record incarceration rates. In contrast to recent arguments for re-invigorating democracy in criminal process, Free Market Criminal Justice argues that, to strengthen the rule of law, US criminal justice needs less democracy, fewer market mechanisms, and more law." From Publisher's Website.
|Gangster Warlords: Drug Dollars, Killing Fields, and the New Politics of Latin America, by Ioan Grillo. New York; London: Bloomsbury Press, 377p.
"In a ranch south of Texas, the man known as The Executioner dumps five hundred body parts in metal barrels. In Brazil's biggest city, a mysterious prisoner orders hit-men to gun down forty-one police officers and prison guards in two days. In southern Mexico, a meth maker is venerated as a saint while enforcing Old Testament justice on his enemies.A new kind of criminal kingpin has arisen: part CEO, part terrorist, and part rock star, unleashing guerrilla attacks, strong-arming governments, and taking over much of the world's trade in narcotics, guns, and humans. What they do affects you now–from the gas in your car, to the gold in your jewelry, to the tens of thousands of Latin Americans calling for refugee status in the U.S. Gangster Warlords is the first definitive account of the crime wars now wracking Central and South America and the Caribbean, regions largely abandoned by the U.S. after the Cold War. Author of the critically acclaimed El Narco, Ioan Grillo has covered Latin America since 2001 and gained access to every level of the cartel chain of command in what he calls the new battlefields of the Americas. Moving between militia-controlled ghettos and the halls of top policy-makers, Grillo provides a disturbing new understanding of a war that has spiraled out of control–one that people across the political spectrum need to confront now." From Publisher's Website.
|The International Criminal Court in Ongoing Intrastate Conflicts: Navigating the Peace-Justice Divide, by Patrick S. Wegner. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2015. 413p.
"In recent decades, international courts have increasingly started investigating armed conflicts. However, the impact of this remains under-researched. Patrick S. Wegner closes this gap via a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the International Criminal Court in the Darfur and Lord's Resistance Army conflicts. He offers a fresh approach to peace and conflict studies, while avoiding the current quantitative focus of the literature and polarisation between critics and supporters of applying justice in conflicts. This is the first time that the impact of an international criminal court has been analysed in all its facets in two conflicts. The consequences of these investigations are much more complex and difficult to predict than most of the existing literature suggests. Recurrent claims, such as the deterrent effect of trials and the danger of blocking negotiations by the issuing of arrest warrants, are put to the test here with some surprising results." From Publisher's Website.
|The Mafia in Italian Lives and Literature: Life Sentences and their Geographies, by Robin Pickering-Iazzi. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2015. 271p.
"Using an array of cultural documents from 1990 to the present, including diaries, testimonies, fiction, online video postings, and anti-mafia social networks, Robin Pickering-Iazzi examines the myths, values, codes of behaviour, and relationships produced by the Italian mafia through a wide cross-disciplinary lens. The Mafia in Italian Lives and Literature explores the ways that these literary engagements with the mafia relate to broader contemporary Italian life and offer implicit challenges, and a quiet code of resistance, to the trauma and injustice wrought by the mafia in various Italian cities.
Despite the long tradition of representing the mafia in Italian literature, until now women's contributions to this literature have been overlooked. Pickering-Iazzi's aim is to encourage new critical reflection on a broader selection of literature through new theoretical lenses in order to enrich our understanding of crime fiction, Sicily and Sicilian identity in literature, narrative traits of the new Italian epic, and the cultural and social functions of storytelling in life and literature." From Publisher's Website.
|Maritime Security: Protection of Marinas, Ports, Small Watercraft, Yachts, and Ships, by Daniel J. Benny. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2016. 232p.
"In a time when threats against the maritime community have never been greater, Maritime Security: Protection of Marinas, Ports, Small Watercraft, Yachts, and Ships provides a single, comprehensive source of necessary information for understanding and preventing or reducing threats to the maritime community.
The book defines what comprises the maritime community, including marinas, ports, small watercraft, yachts, and ships. It focuses on the protection of these rather than the protection of cargo in the maritime supply chain, since with the protection of the infrastructural elements it follows that the cargo is secured.
In identifying and discussing threats to security, the book includes natural threats such as storms as well as traditional criminal threats and piracy, with especially detailed examinations of terrorism and cybersecurity. It also introduces the US Coast Guard America's Waterway Watch program, describing the components of the program, its implementation throughout the maritime community, and its successes.
By dealing with the security of all areas within the maritime community, Maritime Security is highly valuable to all members of the community, from the local boater to professionals charged with the protection of major ports and seagoing vessels. It gives you the skills to understand, identify, analyze, and address natural and man-made threats to localized or broad sections in the maritime community." From Publisher's Website
|The New Deportations Delirium: Interdisciplinary Responses, edited by Daniel Kanstroom and M. Brinton Lykes. New York: New York University Press, 2015. 271p.
"Since 1996, when the deportation laws were hardened, millions of migrants to the U.S., including many long-term legal permanent residents with "green cards," have experienced summary arrest, incarceration without bail, transfer to remote detention facilities, and deportation without counsel—a life-time banishment from what is, in many cases, the only country they have ever known. U.S.-based families and communities face the loss of a worker, neighbor, spouse, parent, or child. Many of the deported are "sentenced home" to a country which they only knew as an infant, whose language they do not speak, or where a family lives in extreme poverty or indebtedness for not yet being able to pay the costs of their previous migration. But what does this actually look like and what are the systems and processes and who are the people who are enforcing deportation policies and practices? The New Deportations Delirium responds to these questions. Taken as a whole, the volume raises consciousness about the complexities of the issues and argues for the interdisciplinary dialogue and response. Over the course of the book, deportation policy is debated by lawyers, judges, social workers, researchers, and clinical and community psychologists as well as educators, researchers, and community activists. The New Deportations Delirium presents a fresh conversation and urges a holistic response to the complex realities facing not only migrants but also the wider U.S. society in which they have sought a better life." From Publisher's Website
|The New Philosophy of Criminal Law, edited by Chad Flanders and Zachary Hoskins. London; New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2016. 276p.
"There is no more vivid example of a state's power over its citizens than the criminal law. By criminalizing various behaviours, the state sets boundaries on what we can and cannot do. And the criminal law is in many ways unique in the harshness of its sanctions. But traditional criminal law theory has for too long focused on the questions, what is a crime? and what is the justification of punishment? The significance of the criminal law extends beyond these questions; indeed, critical philosophical questions underlie all aspects of the criminal justice system. The criminal law engages us not just as offenders or potential offenders, but also as victims, suspects, judges and jurors, prosecutors and defenders and as citizens. The authors in this volume go beyond traditional questions to challenge our conventional understandings of the criminal law. In doing so, they draw from a number of disciplines including philosophy, history, and social science." From Publisher's Website
|The 9/11 Terror Cases: Constitutional Challenges in the War against Al Qaeda, by Allan A. Ryan. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 2015. 218p.
"The terrorist attacks of 9/11 are indelibly etched into our cultural memory. This is the story of how the legal ramifications of that day brought two presidents, Congress, and the Supreme Court into repeated confrontation over the incarceration of hundreds of suspected terrorists and "enemy combatants" at the US naval base in Guantánamo, Cuba. Could these prisoners (including an American citizen) be held indefinitely without due process of law? Did they have the right to seek their release by habeas corpus in US courts? Could they be tried in a makeshift military judicial system? With Guantánamo well into its second decade, these questions have challenged the three branches of government, each contending with the others, and each invoking the Constitution's separation of powers as well as its checks and balances.
In The 9/11 Terror Cases, Allan A. Ryan leads students and general readers through the pertinent cases: Rasul v. Bush and Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, both decided by the Supreme Court in 2004; Hamdan v. Bush, decided in 2006; and Boumediene v. Bush, in 2008. An eloquent writer and an expert in military law and constitutional litigation, Ryan is an adept guide through the nuanced complexities of these cases, which rejected the sweeping powers asserted by President Bush and Congress, and upheld the rule of law, even for enemy combatants. In doing so, as we see clearly in Ryan's deft account, the Supreme Court's rulings speak directly to the extent and nature of presidential and congressional prerogative, and to the critical separation and balance of powers in the governing of the United States." From Publisher's Website
|A Philosophy of the Social Construction of Crime, by David Polizzi. Bristol, UK: Policy Press (distributed in the U.S. by the University of Chicago Press), 2015. 104p.
"It is well known that the social definition of individuals and ethnic groups helps legitimize how they are addressed by law enforcement. The philosophy of the social construction of crime and criminal behaviour reflects how individuals, such as police officers, construct meaning from the perspective from which they emerge, which in turn influences their law enforcement outlook. In the field, this is generally viewed through a positivist frame of reference which fails to critically examine assumptions of approach and practice. Written by an international specialist in this area, this is the first book which attempts to situate the social construction of crime and criminal behaviour within the philosophical context of phenomenology and how these constructions help inform, and ultimately justify, the policies employed to address them. Challenging existing thinking, this is essential reading for academics and students interested in social theory and theories of criminology." From Publisher's Website
|Police Corruption in the NYPD: From Knapp to Mollen, by Steven V. Gilbert and Barbara A. Gilbert. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2016. 159p.
"Police Corruption in the NYPD: From Knapp to Mollen explores how the New York Police Department experienced two major investigations within a quarter of a century. It compares the states of corruption within the NYPD during the Knapp and Mollen commissions, examining why corruption continued and why the revealed ethical breaches became more serious. It also discusses how corruption was enhanced even after accountability and responsibility were assigned to department administration.
The book gives in-depth discussions of the Knapp and Mollen reports and relates the history and relevance of efforts to combat corruption and to improve police practices. It uses empirical data from interviews and current NYPD recruit training documents as reference materials in examining police practices. It also identifies failures of leadership that contributed to the systemic ethical degeneration of the NYPD.
Police Corruption in the NYPD goes beyond the training of ethics and enforcement by delving into the departmental failures that permit officers to develop from being merely unethical to becoming criminals. By presenting and analyzing theories of corruption from current authorities, it lays a foundation for critical discussion and comparison between commissions as well as current department ethical training and practices." From Publisher's Website
|Policing American Indians: A Unique Chapter in American Jurisprudence, by Laurence Armand French. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2016. 187p.
"Bias, prejudice, and corruption riddle the history of US jurisprudence. Policing American Indians: A Unique Chapter in American Jurisprudence explores these injustices, specifically the treatment of American Indians. A mix of academic research as well as field experience, this book draws on author Laurence French's more than 40 years of experience with American Indian individuals and groups. It illustrates how, despite changes in the law to correct past injustices, a subculture of discrimination often persists in law enforcement, whether by a prosecutor or a street cop.
The book provides specific examples of the role of police in extra-legal confrontations with American Indians, as well as examples of using the US military to police American Indians. It covers the ways in which US policy regarding American Indians has changed since the country's birth, including recent changes in policy as a response to issues of national security following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.
Policing American Indians takes an interdisciplinary approach that includes criminology, sociology, anthropology, cultural psychology, and historical analysis of geopolitics. It challenges actual historical practices of the basic concepts of due process and justice for all espoused by the American criminal justice system. It also adds a nuanced cultural dimension to the history of policing in American history to give you a more detailed image of unjust behavior in the history of American criminal justice." From Publisher's Website
|Policing in Israel: Studying Crime Control, Community Policing, and Counterterrorism, edited by Tal Jonathan-Zamir, David Weisburd, and Badi Hasisi. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2015. 262p.
"This edited volume illustrates the important advances in Israeli police science over the last decade. In addition to providing Israel with better knowledge about policing, these advances play an important part in police science. The book illustrates how empirical research in Israel or other countries outside the traditional research domains of the US, Europe and Australia can provide comparative legitimacy to key concepts and findings in policing. The book also examines how new knowledge bringing new questions can be identified." From Publisher's Website
|Prison and Social Death, by Joshua M. Price. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2015. 193p.
"The United States imprisons more of its citizens than any other nation in the world. To be sentenced to prison is to face systematic violence, humiliation, and, perhaps worst of all, separation from family and community. It is, to borrow Orlando Patterson's term for the utter isolation of slavery, to suffer "social death." In Prison and Social Death, Joshua Price exposes the unexamined cost that prisoners pay while incarcerated and after release, drawing upon hundreds of often harrowing interviews conducted with people in prison, parolees, and their families.
Price argues that the prison separates prisoners from desperately needed communities of support from parents, spouses, and children. Moreover, this isolation of people in prison renders them highly vulnerable to other forms of violence, including sexual violence. Price stresses that the violence they face goes beyond physical abuse by prison guards and it involves institutionalized forms of mistreatment, ranging from abysmally poor health care to routine practices that are arguably abusive, such as pat-downs, cavity searches, and the shackling of pregnant women. And social death does not end with prison. The condition is permanent, following people after they are released from prison. Finding housing, employment, receiving social welfare benefits, and regaining voting rights are all hindered by various legal and other hurdles. The mechanisms of social death, Price shows, are also informal and cultural. Ex-prisoners face numerous forms of distrust and are permanently stigmatized by other citizens around them.
A compelling blend of solidarity, civil rights activism, and social research, Prison and Social Death offers a unique look at the American prison and the excessive and unnecessary damage it inflicts on prisoners and parolees." From Publisher's Website
|Prison Voices from Death Row: Indian Experiences, by Reena Mary George. Farnham, Surrey, UK: Ashgate, 2015. 146p.
"The death penalty is embodied in Indian law, yet there is very little known about the people who are on death row except for media reports on them. In order to explore the way the prisoners on death row experience and perceive their lives and make meaning of that world 111 prisoners on death row in India were interviewed. Underpinned by phenomenology and symbolic interactionism, the data analysis, first and foremost leads to an understanding of the prisoners who are on death row with reference to their demographic profile and the impact of death sentence on the families of these prisoners." From Publisher's Website
|Queer Criminology, edited by Carrie L. Buist and Emily Lenning. Abingdon, UK; New York: Routledge, 2015. 136p.
"In this book, Carrie L. Buist and Emily Lenning reflect on the origins of Queer Criminology, survey the foundational research and scholarship in this emerging field, and offer suggestions for the future. Covering topics such as the criminalization of queerness; the policing of Queer communities; Queer experiences in the courtroom; and the correctional control of Queer people, Queer Criminology synthesizes the work of criminologists, journalists, legal scholars, non-governmental organizations, and others to illuminate the historical and contemporary context of the Queer experience.
Queer Criminology offers examples of the grave injustices that Queer people face around the world, particularly in places such as Russia, Kyrgyzstan, England, India, Thailand, Nigeria, and the United States. These injustices include, but are not limited to, selective enforcement, coerced confessions, disproportionate sentencing, rape, extortion, denial of due process, forced isolation, corporal punishment, and death. By highlighting a pattern of discriminatory, disproportionate, and abusive treatment of Queer people by the criminal legal system, this book demonstrates the importance of developing a criminology that critiques the heteronormative systems that serve to oppress Queer people around the world.
Buist and Lenning argue that criminology is incomplete without a thorough recognition and understanding of these Queer experiences. Therefore, Queer Criminology is a vital contribution to the growing body of literature exploring the Queer experience, and should be considered a necessary tool for students, scholars, and practitioners alike who are seeking a more just criminal legal system." From Publisher's Website
|Reconstructing Atrocity Prevention, edited By Sheri P. Rosenberg, Tibi Galis, Alex Zucker. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2015. 546p.
"In the two and a half decades since the end of the Cold War, policy makers have become acutely aware of the extent to which the world today faces mass atrocities. In an effort to prevent the death, destruction, and global chaos wrought by these crimes, the agendas for both national and international policy have grown beyond conflict prevention to encompass atrocity prevention, protection of civilians, transitional justice, and the Responsibility to Protect. Yet, to date, there has been no attempt to address the topic of the prevention of mass atrocities from the theoretical, policy, and practicing standpoints simultaneously. This volume is designed to fill that gap, clarifying and solidifying the present understanding of atrocity prevention. It will serve as an authoritative work on the state of the field." From Publisher's Website
|Research Handbook on International Financial Crime, edited by Barry Rider. Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2015. 797p.
"A significant proportion of serious crime is economically motivated. Almost all financial crimes will be either motivated by greed, or the desire to cover up misconduct. This Handbook addresses financial crimes such as fraud, corruption and money laundering, and highlights both the risks presented by these crimes, as well as their impact on the economy.
The contributors cover the practical issues on the topic on a transnational level, both in terms of the crimes and the steps taken to control them. They place an emphasis on the prevention, disruption and control of financial crime. They discuss, in eight parts, the nature and characteristics of economic and financial crime, The enterprise of crime, business crime, the financial sector at risk, fraud, corruption, The proceeds of financial and economic crime, and enforcement and control.
Academics interested in criminology, law, as well as business and legal studies students will find this book to be an invaluable resource. Practitioners, including lawyers, compliance and risk managements, law enforcement officers, and policy makers will also find the points raised to be of use." From Publisher's Website
|Research Handbook on International Law and Cyberspace, edited by Nicholas Tsagourias and Russell Buchan. Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2015. 517p.
"This timely Research Handbook contains an analysis by leading scholars and practitioners of various legal questions concerning cyberspace and cyber activities. Comprehensive and thorough, it succeeds in mapping out the range of international rules that apply to cyberspace and to specific cyber activities, assesses their regulatory efficacy and offers insightful suggestions, where necessary, for revised standards. Contributors examine the application of fundamental international law principles to cyberspace such as the principle of sovereignty, jurisdiction, state responsibility, individual criminal responsibility, human rights and intellectual property rights. They explore the application of international rules to cyber terrorism, cyber espionage, cyber crime, cyber attacks and to cyber war. They deal with the meaning of cyber operations, the ethics of cyber operations as well as with cyber deterrence. Finally, they comment on the cyber security policies of international and regional institutions such as those of the United Nations, the European Union, NATO and of Asian-Pacific institutions. This Research Handbook will benefit scholars in the fields of international law, international relations, public and private law. Researchers will find the suggested future research avenues in this field invaluable whilst policy-makers and practitioners will gain fresh insights into topical issues concerning the regulation of cyberspace and of cyber activities." From Publisher's Website
|The Rise and Fall of Violent Crime in America, by Barry Latzer. New York: Encounter Books, 2016. 392p.
"Starting in the late 1960s, the United States suffered the biggest rise in violent crime in its history. Aside from the movement for black civil rights, it is difficult to think of a phenomenon that had a more profound effect on American life in the last third of the 20th century. Fear of murder, rape, robbery and assault influenced decisions on where to live and where to school one's children, how to commute to work and where to spend one's leisure time. In some locales, people dreaded leaving their homes at any time, day or night, and many Americans spent part of each day literally looking over their shoulders.
The Rise and Fall of Violent Crime in America is a landmark synthesis of criminology and social history that fully explains how and why violent crime exploded across the United States in the late 60s—and what ultimately drove it down decades later. It is the first book of its kind to analyze criminal violence in the U.S. from World War II to the 21st century. It examines crime in the context of all of the major social trends since the World War, including the postwar economic boom and suburbanization, the baby boom and the turmoil of the 60s, the urbanization of minorities, the advent of crack cocaine, the hardening of the criminal justice system and current efforts to contract it. Latzer's sweeping, definitive study at last brings coherence to the bewildering array of explanations for the nightmarish reality that many Americans lived with for decades." From Publisher's Website
|Sentencing Fragments: Penal Reform in America, 1975-2025, by Michael Tonry. Oxford, UK; New York Oxford University Press, 2015. 320p.
"Almost everyone agrees–Right on Crime, the ACLU, Koch Industries, George Soross Open Society Foundation, the editorial boards of the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal–that Americas current systems for sentencing criminal offenders are a shambles, with crazy quilts of incompatible and conflicting laws, policies, and practices in every state and the federal system. Most everyone agrees that punishments are too severe, and too many people are in prison. However, the kinds of major changes required to undo mass incarceration and rebuild American sentencing are simply not happening. Despite well-intentioned rhetoric and media coverage, there has been very little meaningful change. In Sentencing Fragments, Michael Tonry explains what needs to be done to rebuild just systems of sentencing and punishment, and how to do it. This book tells the story of sentencing policy changes since 1975, examines research findings concerning their effects, and explains what does and does not work. Beyond calling attention to the devastating effects on the lives of the poor and disadvantaged and the latest empirical evidence, Tonry identifies the common moral theories behind criminal sentencing–as well as their larger assumptions about human nature–and discusses the ways in which different theories have bred very different sentencing policies. Sentencing Fragments concludes with a set of proposals for creating better policies and practices for the future, calling for American legislators and politicians to remake sentencing into the humane and just process that it always should have been. In lucid and engaging prose, Michael Tonry reveals the historical foundation for the current state of the American criminal justice system, while simultaneously offering a game plan for long overdue reform." From publisher's Website
|Smart on Crime: The Struggle to Build a Better American Penal System, by Garrick L. Percival. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2016. 249p.
"The most punitive era in American history reached its apex in the 1990s, but the trend has reversed in recent years. Smart on Crime: The Struggle to Build a Better American Penal System examines the factors causing this dramatic turnaround. It relates and echoes the increasing need and desire on the part of actors in the American government system to construct a penal system that is more rational and humane.
Author Garrick L. Percival points out that the prison boom did not naturally emerge as a governmental response to increasing crime rates. Instead, political forces actively built and shaped the growth of a more aggressive and populated penal system. He is optimistic that the shifting political forces surrounding crime and punishment can now reform the system, explaining how current political actors can craft more constructive and just policies and programs. The book shows how rationality and humanitarianism lead to a penal system that imprisons fewer people, does less harm to the lives of individual offenders and those close to them, and is less expensive to maintain.
The book presents empirical data to concretely demonstrate what is working and what is not in today's penal system. It closely examines policies and practices in Texas, Ohio, and California as comparative illustrations on what progress has been made or needs to be made in penal systems across the United States. The book includes a comprehensive discussion of highlighted issues, and relates more than two dozen interviews with pivotal political actors who clarify why there is a major shift underway in the American penal system. Their insights reveal paths that can be taken to improve the current penal system." From Publisher's Website
|State Crime, Women and Gender, by Victoria E. Collins. Abingdon, UK; New York: Routledge, 2016. 223p.
"The United Nations has called violence against women "the most pervasive, yet least recognized human rights abuse in the world" and there is a long-established history of the systematic victimization of women by the state during times of peace and conflict. This book contributes to the established literature on women, gender and crime and the growing research on state crime and extends the discussion of violence against women to include the role and extent of crime and violence perpetrated by the state.
State Crime, Women and Gender examines state-perpetrated violence against women in all its various forms. Drawing on case studies from around the world, patterns of state-perpetrated violence are examined as it relates to women's victimization, their role as perpetrators, resistors of state violence, as well as their engagement as professionals in the international criminal justice system. From the direct involvement of Condaleeza Rice in the United States-led war on terror, to the women of Egypt's Arab Spring Uprising, to Afghani poetry as a means to resist state-sanctioned patriarchal control, case examples are used to highlight the pervasive and enduring problem of state-perpetrated violence against women.
The exploration of topics that have not previously been addressed in the criminological literature, such as women as perpetrators of state violence and their role as willing consumers who reinforce and replicate the existing state-sanctioned patriarchal status quo, makes State Crime, Women and Gender a must-read for students and scholars engaged in the study of state crime, victimology and feminist criminology." From Publisher's Website
|Taming the Presumption of Innocence, By Richard L. Lippke. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016. 288p.
"The notion that an individual accused of a crime is presumed innocent until proven guilty is one of the cornerstones of the American criminal justice system. However, the presumption of innocence creates a number of practical and theoretical issues, particularly regarding pre-trial and post-trial processes. In Taming the Presumption of Innocence, Richard L. Lippke argues that the presumption of innocence should be contained to the criminal trial. Beyond the realm of the trial, legal professionals, investigators, and the general public should carry out their respective roles in the criminal justice process without making any presumptions about guilt or innocence whatsoever. Rather than eschewing the significance of the presumption of innocence, the book defends its role within its proper context, the criminal trial. According to Lippke, other aspects of the criminal justice system such as investigation, lawmaking, and treatment of ex-offenders should be conducted in such a way that reflects the fallibility and unpredictability of the system without involving the issue of presumed guilt or innocence. Lippke dispels the idea that the presumption of innocence can be used to remedy some of the current issues in the practice of criminal justice, and instead proposes engaging in deeper, more substantive reforms of the American criminal justice system. The first monograph dedicated exclusively to the presumption of innocence, Taming the Presumption of Innocence will be an ideal text for students and scholars of criminology, criminal justice, and legal theory." From Publisher's Website
|Transitional Justice and Reconciliation Lessons from the Balkans, edited by Martina Fischer and Olivera Simic. London; New York: Routledge, 2015. 286p.
"Scholars and practitioners alike agree that somehow the past needs to be addressed in order to enable individuals and collectives to rebuild trust and relationships. However, they also continue to struggle with critical questions. When is the right moment to address the legacies of the past after violent conflict? How can societies address the past without deepening the pain that arises from memories related to the violence and crimes committed in war? How can cultures of remembrance be established that would include and acknowledges the victims of all sides involved in violent conflict? How can various actors deal constructively with different interpretations of facts and history?
Two decades after the wars, societies in Bosnia, Serbia and Croatia – albeit to different degrees – are still facing the legacies of the wars of the 1990s on a daily basis. Reconciliation between and within these societies remains a formidable challenge, given that all three countries are still facing unresolved disputes either at a cross-border level or amongst parallel societies that persist at a local community level.
This book engages scholars and practitioners from the regions of former Yugoslavia, as well as international experts, to reflect on the achievements and obstacles that characterise efforts to deal with the past. Drawing variously on empirical studies, theoretical discussions, and practical experience, their contributions offer invaluable insights into the complex relationship between transitional justice and conflict transformation." From Publisher's Website
|Understanding Hate Crimes: Acts, Motives, Offenders, Victims, and Justice, by Carolyn Turpin-Petrosino. London; New York: Routledge, 2015. 241p.
"Hate crimes and lesser acts of bigotry and intolerance are seen to be constants in today's world. Since 1990, the federal government has published annual reports on hate crime incidents in the United States. While the reported numbers are disturbing, even more devastating is the impact of these crimes on individuals, communities, and society.
This comprehensive textbook can serve as a stand-alone source for instructors and students who study hate crimes and/or other related acts. It invites the reader to consider relevant social mores and practices as well as criminal justice policies as they relate to hate crimes by presenting this subject within a broad context." From Publisher's Website
|Understanding Ponzi Schemes: Can Better Financial Regulation Prevent Investors from being Defrauded? By Mervyn K. Lewis. Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2015. 190p.
"A Ponzi scheme is one of the simplest, albeit effective, financial frauds to engineer, and new schemes keep coming forward. Despite this, however, people continue to invest in them. How are we to account for the seemingly never-ending lure of such schemes? In providing answers to this central question, this concise and well-researched book examines how Ponzi schemes operate, how they differ from pyramid schemes, Ponzi finance and other financial arrangements.
The author questions whether the victims have only themselves to blame, why fraudsters think that they can avoid detection, and what important insights behavioural finance theory and psychology can add. Particular attention is paid to the reasons behind the failure of financial regulation, and the types of regulatory changes needed to protect investors and avoid repetitions. The analysis is informed by case studies of 11 Ponzi schemes in the US, UK, Australia and New Zealand.
Finance and business academics interested in the operation of Ponzi schemes, and how they differ from pyramid schemes, will find this book invaluable, as will students of economics, finance, behavioural decision-making and psychology. Lawyers, psychologists, regulatory agencies and financial institutions will also benefit considerably from the analysis." From Publisher's Website
|Violence Against Women in Legally Plural Settings Experiences and Lessons From the Andes, by Anna Barrera Vivero. London; New York: Routledge, 2015. 302p.
"This book addresses a growing area of concern for scholars and development practitioners: discriminatory gender norms in legally plural settings. Focusing specifically on indigenous women, this book analyses how they, often in alliance with supporters and allies, have sought to improve their access to justice. Development practitioners working in the field of access to justice have tended to conceive indigenous legal systems as either inherently incompatible with women's rights or, alternatively, they have emphasised customary law's advantageous features, such as its greater accessibility, familiarity and effectiveness. Against this background – and based on a comparison of six thus far underexplored initiatives of legal and institutional change in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia – Anna Barrera Vivero provides a more nuanced, ethnographic, understanding of how women navigate through context-specific constellations of interlegality in their search for justice. In so doing, moreover, her account of ongoing political debates and local struggles for gender justice grounds the elaboration of a comprehensive conceptual framework for understanding the legally plural dynamics involved in the contestation of discriminatory gender norms." From Publisher's Website
|Women and Criminal Justice: From the Corston Report to Transforming Rehabilitation, edited by Jill Annison, Jo Brayford, and John Deering. Bristol, UK; Policy Press (distributed in the U.S. by the University of Chicago Press), 2015. 265p.
"This insightful book focuses on developments since the publication in 2007 of the Corston Report into women and criminal justice. While some of its recommendations were accepted by government, actual policy has restricted the scale and scope of change. The challenges of working with women in the current climate of change and uncertainty are also explored, seeking to translate lessons from good practice to policy development and recommending future directions resulting from the coalition government's Transforming Rehabilitation plans. This timely analysis engages with wide-ranging considerations for policy makers, providers and practitioners of services and interventions for women who offend, and questions whether women should be treated differently in the criminal justice system." From Publisher's Website


text:
Though some areas of our towns and cities are blighted by
unsightly graffiti when artists with talent are given scope to create outdoor
art the results, on a grand scale, can be spectacular.
In Glasgow, some of these art works are huge, covering
whole gable ends of tenement buildings. A few of the images commemorate people
who have made their mark in various diverse fields, including astronomy, music,
and in the case of Billy Connolly, comedy and film.
Walking the City Centre Mural Trail may take you to parts
of the city you've never explored before. Pick up a booklet containing a map
from one of the city museums and head east along George Street to find Mural
Some of the art installations are temporary. More
information can be found at www.citycentremuraltrail.co.uk

subset: commoncrawl


text:
5:2 Fast Formula Review : How Does The 5:2 Fast Diet Work?
5:2 Fast Formula Review
The 5:2 Fast Diet plan works by limiting your calorie intake significantly for 2 days out of seven. When people lowered calories for all 7 days of the week, they usually struggle with this typical strategy, as they find themselves frequently having to consider their diet regimen and what they are eating. We have located that with the 5:2 rhythmical diet, where calories are limited for just 2 days of the week, individuals find it much more achievable to slim down.
All of us offer a bodily hormone called IGF-1 which is an insulin-like growth factor. This is necessary for development when we are young, nonetheless not basically needed a lot throughout adulthood where lower IGF-1 levels are healthier. There is now evidence that when the IGF-1 hormone is higher in grownups, particularly ladies over forty. They could possibly have a lessened cancer cells danger as when the degrees of IGF-1 are lower there is a much less fast turn over of cells. Fasting has now been shown to reduced levels of IGF-1 as the degrees do not remain despondent for long when you go back to typical consuming. The duplicated on/off pattern of rhythmical fasting could aid to keep levels persistently lesser and healthier.
Despite being pestered with never-ending consuming chances, our physical bodies are still designed with a biology and bodily hormones that anticipate meals to be rare at some times and additional numerous at others. This is why many researchers think intermittent fasting could be a specifically healthy and from a physical standpoint proper means to keep trim and battle ageing. Limiting yourself for just two days when you are able to eat as normal for the various other five makes this a remarkably attractive formula for weight loss and as well as providing healthier, maintainable weight loss. The 2-day diet is nutritionally stabilized to comply with all your physical body's demands.
How Does The 5:2 Fast Diet Work?
This diet regimen will certainly work at making you really feel less sluggish, bloated and more alert. On limited diet regimen days, you eat meals that are higher in protein, healthy monounsaturated fatty tissues (such as nuts) and vegetables and fruit. These kinds of meals are satisfying and lessen the sensations of food cravings. Feeling fuller makes you much less most likely to over-eat. The 2-day diet is deliberately reduced in carbohydrates which show up to make individuals really feel hungrier. On the various other 5 unlimited days you proceed eat a normal and healthy and balanced style diet regimen.
The 2 day diet plan is created to lower calories sufficient to enable you to drop weight, however without leaving you really feeling hungry. It is nutritionally balanced to ensure that all your vitamin, mineral and protein needs are met and enables eating to match a typical busy way of life. Cutting down for just two days is easier compared to reducing daily. On the whole, people find it easier to maintain two strict days of significantly limited calories compared to restricting calories by a considerably smaller sized amount every day.
A stricter routine is easier to adhere to compared to a less limited diet regimen just due to the fact that it is so rigorous and has clear regulations. 2-day dieters will certainly understand that as long as the diet is attainable, diets with restricted policies and limited choice can be much easier to stay with compared to healthy-eating and low-calorie diet regimens that have really pliable policies. In fact our physical bodies could even be biologically scheduled for this periodic design of consuming. The concept of having spells of normal consumption and spells of regulation isn't new and some suggest that it copies the periods of meals abundance from many years ago.
The 2-Day Diet regimen retrains your consuming routines by changing your practice of consistently consuming more meals than we require. We are prone to eating overly huge portions and having way too many fatty or sugary meals or regular snacking. The 2-day diet regimen assists you to alter the means you consume. Reducing weight is truly quite simple. It means cutting your overall calories by at the very least one-quarter and lessening your intake of high-sugar foods and filled fat deposits. For many individuals this is easier said than done. The 2-day diet plan gives you a much required break from your normal consuming habits each week and aids you to develop caution and understanding of exactly what you eat. These are important skills which put you while driving to being in control of what you eat and therefore your weight.
Substantially reducing calories for 2 days a week aids you to relearn exactly how cravings really feels and what a typical offering appear like. You will discover to eat much more slowly, value smaller quantities and really appreciate your food on both your two limited days and on the 5 unregulated days. This will certainly aid you to discover the amount of meals you truly require, as opposed to the amount you have become worn to consuming.
Dieters located that contrasting the two restricted days to their normal intake helped them determine what caused them to eat and to eat way too much. If you're a serial dieter you may have become stuck in the low-fat, low-protein and high-carbohydrate pattern of eating. A combination promoted by several mainstream diet regimens. While this technique may help some, others find it hard to maintain an everyday low-calorie intake with these routines. They typically find themselves overeating. The 2-day diet plan will help wane you away from these purposeless designs of consuming.
For 2 days every week you have the possibility to know to withstand temptation. This is a key diet programs ability that you will have to practice till it comes to be a routine. Being limited on your diet plan and meals desires will certainly strengthen your desire to be in control of your diet regimen on the other days of the week.


text:
We ship WORLDWIDE. The shipping is executed by GLOBAL EXPRES delivery serivce.
- shipping to Poland (€4)
- shipping to European countries (€15)
- shipping to non-European countries (€30)
Delivery time is 5-10 business days to European countries, and 10-15 business days to non-European countries.
We will do our best to make sure your package is at your place as soon as possible. We understand what waiting for your dream piece of wardrobe is like. We're female.
All of the products available in our on-line shop are brand new. Only the flaws that are regarded as producer's fault will be taken into consideration.
In case you'd like to file a complaint, please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com
The cost of complaint delivery (economic shipping) is returned after the complaint is approved. We do not accept collect on delivery payment method.
If you'd like to exchange or return the product, please contact us at email@example.com, putting your order number in the e-mail subject. We are sure, we will find something suitable for you in exchange. The exchange cost equals the cost of the delivery both ways. The exchange/return policy lasts 14 days.


text:
dark and grainy
The Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge is located in Morris County, New Jersey. The refuge is 7,700 acres of varied habitats and is a resting and feeding area for more than more than two hundred species of birds. Fox, deer, muskrat, turtles, fish, frogs and a wide variety of wildflowers and plants also call the refuge home. (Source: US Fish and WIldlife Service)
- Filename
- Great-Swamp-073.psd
- Copyright
- mark menditto
- Image Size
- 4272x2828 / 184.6MB
- Contained in galleries


text:
A post about rules from Library Yarns:
So, I was at work today, once again enforcing rules that I don't agree with. Three people are working in a conference room on their laptop. They need to print. They ask if they can use one of our patron computers and attach their thumb drive. No problem so far. Turns out that they don't have a library card and we have a strictly enforced rule that you cannot, no way, no how use our computers without one. I try to use mental telepathy to encourage them to tell me they are from out of state, but they tell me they are from another suburb. Sigh. I try to morse code my own library card number to them (okay, not really) but nothing is working. There is nothing I can do. I want to tell them I think it's a dumb rule and if there was any way that I could help them and not get in trouble, I would. I can't say that though…because I'd get in trouble. I'm not a fan of trouble, especially when it involves me.
So, these poor people cannot print what they have been working on all morning. It's okay, says my co-worker. They aren't from our library district. She tells me not to feel bad. I do though. Really bad. Not just for them, but for what it does for peoples' perceptions of libraries. Aren't we supposed to help people?? There were empty computers. It wouldn't have hurt anything. Will those people go back into a library if it doesn't meet their needs? I think that libraries are at such a critical juncture in terms of perception. Why are we pushing people away?
"She tells me not to feel bad…" Wow!


text:
- No Offers currently.
Market Price
Flaberry Price
- Delivered in 4 days across Delhi/NCR
- Delivered in 7 business days outside Delhi/NCR
DescriptionA father supports and motivates his child in every phase of life. He believes that his kid can do everything and never let any kind of disappointment surround them. On the occasion of Thanksgiving Day, tell him how much you love and adore him with this lip-smacking chocolate pack made from finest cocoa beans and imprinted with a special message for your dad. 2 Chocolate Bars 1.76 Oz (each)


text:
Organ transplantation is a therapy used for end-stage organ failure.
However, there are many more patients in need of transplants than there are donors, and there is intense research into alternative sources of tissue. These include cells and tissues grown in the laboratory, and tissues derived from stem cell transplantation. Patients who have received an organ transplant must take a daily cocktail of medications to prevent rejection by the body's immune system, which would otherwise destroy the newly transplanted tissue in just a few days. Unfortunately, immunosuppressive medications themselves are toxic to many organs and can cause severe side effects, such as increased susceptibility to infection and cancer.
There remains a pressing need to develop new therapeutic strategies to prevent transplant rejection, and this is a very active field of research. In addition, scientists are working to generate patient-specific stem cells to avoid the complications of rejection. Regenerative medicine uses stem cells to grow tissues and organs in the laboratory, and to safely transplant them when the body cannot heal itself. This exciting field has the potential to solve the problem of the shortage of organs available for donation, compared to the number of patients that require life-saving organ transplantation.
Principal Investigators are working on the following challenges in the area of Transplantation:
- Understanding the immune mechanisms used by healthy individuals to protect their own tissue.
- Testing the Institute's small molecule libraries for compounds that promote growth of pancreatic islets. If successful, the newly grown islets can be transplanted into models of diabetes to determine their capacity to reverse diabetes.
- Understanding how migration of transplanted stem cells into the damaged tissues is regulated.
- Developing and testing a device that models the blood circulation, to study how stem cells move towards and into damaged tissues.


text:
Featured Blog of the Week
Get a Home Inspection!
You are ready to buy a home. You have searched and searched and have found the perfect home! But is it too good to be true? Only a home inspection will tell.
What is a home inspection?
If it is your first time buying a home, you might not know what it is. A home inspection is when a professional home inspector comes into the home and inspects every aspect of it. They look at everything from the roof to foundation, plumbing to HVAC.
Things to look out for:
A home inspector will give you a list of all of the items that were found in the home. This will include everything from a leaky faucet, to an outlet that doesn't work, or even a cracked foundation. You need to decide what is important, and what isn't. You don't want to necessarily request that everything be fixed because it might hinder the deal. Here are a few important things to look out for.
- Roof: If the roof is leaking or has very limited life in it, you may want to ask for it to be replaced or repaired.
- Hot water heater: If the hot water heater is in poor repair, it might be worth asking for a replacement.
- Cracked foundation: This is a very big deal and needs to be dealt with. Talk to your real estate professional about your best options.
If you are unsure of your options, or what you should and shouldn't worry about, ask your real estate agent.
A home inspection may cost anywhere from $300 to $500, but consider how much it could cost you if you don't get one. When you are ready to buy or sell your home, we at Alain Pinel Realtors are here to help you with all of your real estate needs! If you are unsure what your options are, call Matt Tenczar at (408) 605-8124 or contact me via email. You can also visit us at our website for available listings and additional information.
5353 Almaden Expressway Suite 150, San Jose, CA 95118


text:
Log Out
Our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy have changed. We think you'll like them better this way.
In honor of Veterans' Day, I will be joined by Gregory Cotton. Greg, who holds a Ph.D. from Capella University, is a 23-year veteran of the US Army. The President and CEO of COTTON7 Global Enterprises, located in New York City, he is a driven leader focused on achieving exceptional results in high-risk competitive markets. He has over 35 years of military and commercial experience in the areas of Logistics, Risk & Opportunity Management, Intelligence, Anti-Terrorism, Lean/Six-Sigma, Crisis Management, and Global Business Development. Greg is a member of the Manhattan Chamber of Commerce Global and Green Business Committees, and is frequently called upon to meet with delegations from Russia, Brazil, India, Turkey, Colombia, as well as with high-ranking foreign officials, in an effort to establish international trade within New York City. He sits on many boards and committees; he is most active with the United Nations Association of the United States of America (UNA-USA), A Billion Plus Change initiative, and with developing clean technology infrastructure initiatives in Frontier Markets.


text:
The Superior Honeymoon Suite provides the ultimate romantic experience. Couples can unwind in the unique comforts of the spacious interiors combining stunning designs and sophisticated elegance.
The enormous and unique cave pool blends a sense of glamour, heritage and provokes a feeling of luxury. The miraculous sunset, the picturesque Caldera and the shimmering Aegean Sea create a journey of serenity that allow you to reconnect with yourself and create unforgettable memories with the one you love.
up to 2 guests with an extraordinary cave pool and outdoor plunge pool.


text:
Talk by Carmen Kilner, Basque Children Association
On Thursday 16th November, six SFC students and three MFL teachers attended a talk presented by Carmen Kilner, a representative of the Basque Children association, at Cheltenham College.
The talk was both thought-provoking and poignant, as it gave a real insight into the experiences of thousands of Basque children between the ages of four and sixteen who were evacuated to the UK during the Spanish civil war of 1936-39.
Carmen, the daughter of a Republican teacher who accompanied many of these children to the UK, gave a moving account of the challenges and the unforgettable experiences of her mother and the children in her care.
We all very much enjoyed Carmen's talk and gained a better understanding of that turbulent period of history in Spain that forms part of the A Level Spanish course.


text:
Is anyone besides me entirely unprepared for the arrival of Christmas?
I JUST started my shopping yesterday. No, that's a lie. I started my shopped over a month ago. But none of the items I ordered stood alone, so what I really started yesterday was my supplemental shopping, so to speak.
But I've hit an obnoxious snag: my husband, I've decided, is expensive. I have been flooded with ideas for his gift….but all of them are well beyond my price range this year.
From tickets to games of his favorite teams to parts for his car, I just don't have the funds to give him the perfect gift. And it's discouraging me. Sure, I have a few small things. But this is our first married Christmas, and I want to give him a gift that says "wow, she really knows me. I know I married her for a reason!"
So does that mean just sucking it up and shelling out the extra money for one of the perfect gift ideas I have?
Or do I just suck it up and accept that I can't get him exactly what I want?
Seems like a lose/lose situation to me. Either way, I have to suck something up.
Despite the frustration and anxiety about gifts, I am definitely excited for Christmas. We are spending Christmas Eve in Santa Cruz with Jim's grandparents house with his parents and some other family on his mom's side. Then we're doing dinner at my mom's house after with my brother's family and a couple of close friends. It should be a really good Christmas.
Is anyone else having crazy problems finding the perfect gift? What are your plans for the weekend?


text:
|Dioness Beach, Nantucket
Episode 7: NANTUCKET!!
Join Desha, her family and local guides in this cultural travel documentary on the island of Nantucket, one of the most beautiful (and expensive!) places to vacation in the US. In this episode we'll explore diverse perspectives of the island's culture and ecology by visiting the Whaling Museum, taking a tour with the Coskata Wildlife Refuge and more. We'll visit some of the most beautiful beaches, bike to Sconset and show you how to have a good time on the Island, even if you're not a millionaire! For more on things to do in Nantucket, please see this guide.
Extra special thank you to my wonderful assistant Juliette Sutherland and her family for showing us their special Nantucket. And to Red Heart the Ticker for the music, it warms my heart to hear it here.
Watch the 1st international episode of The Desha Show! Join Desha, daughter Iyla and friend Craig as we escape the cold New England weather and travel through the Riviera Maya, the Southern tip of the Yucatan in Mexico. We'll visit Puerto Morelos, Playa del Carmen, Tulum, Xcaret and more! You'll also meet artist and designer Macu of El Jaguar Dorado, love her sweet shop!
The Desha Show Episode 6: La Maya Riviera from Desha Peacock on Vimeo.
Watch Episode 5 of The Desha Show: Wild Night on the Catwalk. This is and extra special episode which combines my love of fashion and creativity with a great mission-
On November 19, over 500 people cheered as beautiful models showed off one of a kind creations at Wild Night on the Catwalk, an amazing fashion show benefit for the Brattleboro Area Hospice. As the Red Carpet Hostess, I had the honor of interviewing guests as they arrived on the Red Carpet and documenting this event on film as part of my BCTV series.
Watch Episode 4 of The Desha Show, featuring chef to the stars, Ayda Robana with footage from The Desha Show FUNraiser and musical entertainment by Red Heart the Ticker!
Watch Episode 3 of The Desha Show with dancer and Circ de Soleil performer Marshall Jarreau, enjoy! "It's your DUTY to do what you LOVE"
Here's the 2nd Episode of The Desha Show, featuring artist Daniel Kornguth and special guest dancers Artis Cummings and Nicholas Harris. "I'm the biggest fan of the Desha Show"
Watch the 1st episode of The Desha Show, featuring author Suzanne Kingsbury. "Just throw it out there like a boomerang"


text:
Lauren is a Board Certified Behavior Analyst who has worked with individuals with autism spectrum disorder and other various developmental and physical disabilities. While pursuing her Bachelor's degree in Psychology at Florida Institute of Technology, she was introduced to the science of Applied Behavior Analysis through providing direct treatment to individuals with developmental disabilities at the Scott Center for Autism Treatment. This experience began her career in the field of behavior analysis, as she became a true believer in the positive changes that can be made in the lives of others, first hand. Lauren received her Master of Science degree in Applied Behavior Analysis at Auburn University where she gained supervisory experience in varied settings, including treatment clinics, public schools and residential facilities. Specifically, Lauren is passionate about implementing Supervised Fieldwork Standards with individuals working toward becoming certified through the Behavior Analyst Certification Board, as well as disseminating current research findings to increase awareness within her community.
For more information about our services or insurance please call 888-805-0759.
Click Here for More Information
We accept most major insurance plans.
We continue to work with insurance companies as they begin to cover ABA services. If you don't see your insurance provider on our list, give us a call to see if we accept your specific plan or can arrange for a single case agreement.
Services are also available through private funding.
Autism Learning Partners
3150 Crow Canyon Place, Ste 110
San Ramon, CA 94583
Autism Learning Partners
477 Callan Avenue Ste #101
San Leandro, CA 94577
Additional Resources
Our specialized clinical team comes to assist you! No need to bring your child to an office or clinic, we'll travel to meet you in your home, school or community to meet the individual needs of your family.
Start right now and call an ALP care manager at (888) 805-0759 to get the services you need. You can also reach us by clicking the button below.


text:
The Regional Service Commission 8 has published a series of brochures and guides. The brochures were designed to provide information on a wide range of issues that are important in the Regional Service Commission 8. The guides are intended to help the public with their questions relating to any development of their property.
These brochures and guides present the most important aspects to consider before undertaking any development in the area served by the Regional Service Commission 8. Where there maybe any conflict between this brochure and existing legislation, the latter prevails.
Thinking About Doing Some Construction On Your Property?
Using Land Use Planning To Preserve Our Agriculture Heritage
Using Sustainable Community Design To Reduce The Impacts Of Residential Sprawl
Water Brochures
1 Talking About Water – Protecting Our Surface Water
2 Talking About Water – Learning About Wetlands
3 Talking About Water – Not Taking Groundwater For Granted
4 Talking About Water – Stormwater Management
5 Talking About Water - Floodplains
Permits Issued by the Regional Service Commission 8
Rezoning, Variances, & Adjustments


text:
This ridiculously sunny record--a confectionary blend of pulsing acoustic guitar, bouncing bass and horns, highlighting the question "why can't we be happy"--brought to mind other records that have seemed irritatingly simplistic calls for attitude adjustment. Still, that kaleidoscopic party of a record kept pulling me back until I bought the frenetically catchy first single off of the new album, "Be My Man," and then the whole album, Beautiful Imperfection.
Even outside of the context of the album, all those repeat listenings made it clear this song was a question, not a presumptuous nod toward a predetermined answer. The song's main character is the one being counseled by a friend to enjoy herself. Her natural impulse is to "worry much about things you don't understand." In the opening verse, she's second guessing a lover's actions based on slim evidence. By the end of the song, surrounded by a festival of bright sounds, she's asking, "why can't we be smiling/why can't we be lovin'" with what has to be a grin on her face.
On the album's second song, "May Be," it is evident that such moments of joy are hard earned. The first line is "May be maybe, the sun will rise." Maybe.
And the questions never stop. Over a gentle reggae rhythm, she points out, "There's people dying everywhere" before asking, "Can someone tell me who's to blame?" On more than one song, she asks if her dreams are "a crime." The album even ends with a song called "Questions," which pulls no punches, often artlessly asking the unanswerable. Just as often delivering questions that act as a quick punch to the gut. "How many babies will be born just to die?"
She also asks for help. On "Preacher Man," she seeks redemption, obviously uncertain of the outcome. On "Dreamer Girl," she asks someone to "tell me that I should keep holding on." In this context, "Why Can't We (Be Happy)" clearly serves as the opening question for identifying a long list of intertwined personal and political obstacles.
"Why Can't We" serves another purpose as well. After Asa's eponymous first album, she was known for serious songs like "Jailer," which points out the mutually trapped condition of any metaphorical guard and prisoner, and urgent calls to action like "Fire on the Mountain," which calls out the seductive blindnesses of patriotism and power itself. Such subject matter has already led at least one BBC music writer to declare her a "twenty first century Bob Marley."
But when people say things like that, what they mean is that she's "serious" and "political" and potentially "important." What Asa's latest album shows is that she shares something more distinctive with Bob Marley. After all, since the birth of reggae, there have been many "serious" artists who play with the style, but few have the pop sensibility of a Marley. Beautiful Imperfection argues Asa just may.
As serious a record as it is, Beautiful Imperfection is also notable for the classic rock grandeur of the swirling confession at the heart of "Preacher Man," the blasting rock guitar bridge on "Bimpe," the Beatley pulsing keyboards on "Dreamer Girl," the lush strings of "Baby Gone" and the infectious, almost Americana refrain of "Broda Ole." Though three of these songs are in Asa's native Yoruba, all of them are impossibly accessible.
And in that context, "Why Can't We" tackles yet another question--why can't serious music sound anything but serious? The happy answer to that question is apparent.


text:
Went kayaking in the fjords
Took a hike
That had a great view
Saw beauty on the way to dinner
Turned 30!
Happy Birthday!
Glad you had a great day & am looking forward to celebrating next week ;-)
AWESOME! I'm so glad you had such a beautiful birthday filled with things (and people) you love!
Well, as those of us who have known you the longest, we are so happy you had such an awesome time for your birthday. You deserve it - We are looking forward to when we can celebrate with you.
As always - love, Mom & Dad
Happy happy birthday, Buon Compleano, Aguri.
Linda in Italy


text:
In the Tolkien, not the endocrinological or Snow White sense, Randy is a dwarf. Tolkien's Dwarves were stout, taciturn, vaguely magical characters who spent a lot of time in the dark hammering out beautiful things, e.g. Rings of Power. Thinking of himself as a Dwarf who had hung up his war-ax for a while to go sojourning in the Shire, where he has surrounded by squabbling Hobbits (i.e., Charlene's friends), had actually done a lot for Randy's peace of mind over the years. He knew perfectly well that if he were stuck in academia these people, and the things they said, would seem momentous to him. But where he came from, nobody had been taking these people seriously for years.
Neal Stephenson, Cryptonomicon, Ch 6.
Are we happy to work with this classification and use "dwarves" as a shorthand for people gifted and knowledgeable in technical matters? Good, then we can begin. Stephenson goes on, by the way, to categorise elves as "brilliant in a more ethereal way" and I am probably something more like an elf, in that I am able to engage with the concepts at hand in the pressing technical matters of the day and relate them to other concepts, but I can't engage with the detail. It was for this reason that a dwarfish friend asked me to read this post about Ethereum, which has gone somewhat viral in the dwarfosphere, and comment on its legibility to non-dwarfish creatures. So this is what I will now do.
You can read it, or start to. If you're a dwarf you will understand where it's going from the start. If you're more like me you'll read it with a sense of "Oh why should I be reading this, what are these people doing?" until quite late on. I had absolutely no contextual knowledge hooks to hang this description of how a certain type of blockchain works on, until I came to the bit about the banks. Then I immediately saw the cat – ok, this is about a new system equivalent to what banks have, but with no ownership. Implication, it will be able to kill the banks. Fine! So I think from a non-dwarfish perspective the explanation needs to start with the banks if intelligent non-dwarves are to widely understand it. It is not in compositional terms "the last piece of general magic", it's actually the first piece in the puzzle, if you don't have a pre-existing grasp of what the puzzle is going to look like. To push that analogy as far as it will go, the comparison to banking is the picture on the box.
So having understood this, my first objection to the whole shebang was, "but so mining does not actually create a new form of value, Ether only have value when they are embedded into the existing value system that already exists in the real world". Ether are exchanged for goods and services, but those goods and services only have assigned values because they are part of our existing monetary system and Ether exchangers relate their exchanges to those assigned values. So how can a system based on our existing system of values also be a system that hopes to replace that current system?
I suspect about nine tenths of the internet is filled with detailed explanations of why this isn't a valid objection which I'll probably need to read. But if I was to mount a counter to my own argument it would be along the lines of host-parasite: there currently isn't any choice but for Ethereum to embed itself in an existing value system, but like a parasite it will feed off its host until it becomes a viable values system in itself which enough people buy into, at which point the host system (the monetary world as we know it) dies. I mean actually no-one is better equipped to understand that values systems are arbitrary and contingent than archaeologists of prehistory, so if we've invented one, we can probably invent another and replace the old one.
All fine as an analogy, but how will it actually work? Host-parasite sounds pretty alarming as a way to effect change, one thinks of Alien etc. Is it indeed true, as Vinay suspects, that "full implementation of that vision will be a lot more humane and user-friendly than most of what people are thinking about right now"? So this is where elvish knowledge structures can possibly be of assistance, because the key question to me considering this as a way of effecting social change is, has this displacement of one values system by another en masse happened before, and was it violent, and what were these costs?
And the answer to the first part I guess must be yes, because the Bronze Age was about the creation of value (ultimately the creation of the current system). I immediately thought of the arrival on the material scene of "prestige goods", things made of gold, polished stone axes, social storage that became possible with the arrival of agriculture, circulating shell necklaces and all the rest of it (the internet, passim, but you'll get the idea here). Basically, we should be able to take a look at the Bronze Age and see if the host-parasite thing is also applicable here, see if the comparison is valid given the Bronze Age is basically about tooling up and Ethereum seeks to be about tooling down, and then see what happened in terms of war, social change, power structures, displacement and what have you (some spoilers there), and map the consequences onto our own projections about the future as envisaged by disruptive currency/monetary system projects. For this, I'm going to need to read more about the Bronze Age, so in that sense this is not a complete post, more a signpost to myself.


text:
2 Results for Popular TechnologyManaged Services
There are many mechanisms for monitoring the health of Sitecore, but Heartbeat.aspx is the simplest. It is easy to monitor with third party tools and requires no knowledge of technological underpinnings. With the release of Sitecore 9, however, things have gotten a bit more complicated. Heartbeat checks every database, even unused ones. this can lead to false negatives and problems monitoring site health in different environments. Fortunately, there is a solution!
Website caching is one of the most beneficial technologies available. Learn how Azure CDN allows a Sitecore 9 application to serve media from a geo-located edge server.