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Extensive compilation of news and analysis here on A Socialist In Canada, Aug 9, 2017
Trump warns North Korea new threats will be met with 'fire and fury'
U.S. President Donald Trump has yet again called for tough and decisive action over the "dangers posed by North Korea," while praising the UN's solidarity over the crisis. Meanwhile, the Pentagon is reportedly reviewing missile restrictions with Seoul. "North Korea best not make any more threats to the U.S.. They will be met with fire and fury like the world has never seen," Trump said on Tuesday afternoon.
Trump's statement comes three days after the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) unanimously voted [on August 4] to impose a new round of sanctions on Pyongyang in response to its latest ballistic missile tests.
"After many years of failure, countries are coming together to finally address the dangers posed by North Korea," Trump tweeted on Tuesday morning [Aug 8], adding that "we must be tough & decisive!"
Earlier, Trump expressed pleasure with "Russia's and China's cooperation" with the U.S. against North Korea in adopting the UNSC resolution targeting key North Korean exports.
Washington has repeatedly pushed for the denuclearization and disarmament of North Korea, while it conducts joint drills with its allies in the region, including South Korea and Japan. The US is also reconsidering the size of missiles that South Korea can obtain as well as bolstering its defense capabilities, Reuters reports, citing the Pentagon.
"There is currently a limit on the warhead size and missiles that South Korea can have and yes, it is a topic under active consideration here," Pentagon spokesman Captain Jeff Davis stated on Monday, as quoted by Reuters. "I would tell you that we would be favorably inclined to do anything which furthers the defense capabilities of South Korea and we certainly have seen our alliance change and adapt over time before," Davis said.
The Pentagon statement came following Seoul's request to increase the cap on payloads to 1,000kg, voiced by South Korean President Moon Jae-in during a telephone conversation with Trump on Monday, South Korean Yonhap news agency reports.
Under the 2012 agreement with the U.S., South Korea is currently allowed to develop missiles with a range of up to 800 km (497 miles) and a payload of 500 kg, according to the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI). The agreed guidelines, which increased the range of South Korean missiles by 500 km but did not increase the payload, are considered "controversial" by the NTI. The organization says the missiles can "contribute to tensions in Northeast Asia" and despite their ability to reach any part of North Korea, they wouldn't protect from the North's mobile missile forces and attacks from island territories.
Following what was believed to be the second intercontinental missile (ICBM) test conducted by North Korea on July 28, Moon Jae-in apparently changed his mind over American Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile defense systems. Seoul requested renewed talks with the U.S. on deploying THAAD systems, while earlier the South Korean leader had criticized the decision of previous government to host the missiles and announced he would delay additional deployments until environmental concerns were addressed.
Two Twitter comments by Donald Trump threatening nuclear war:
My first order as President was to renovate and modernize our nuclear arsenal. It is now far stronger and more powerful than ever before… 4:56 AM – 9 Aug 2017
… Hopefully we will never have to use this power, but there will never be a time that we are not the most powerful nation in the world! 5:03 AM – 9 Aug 2017
Did Donald Trump accidentally threaten nuclear war out of a penchant for hyperbole?
By Daniel Dale, Washington correspondent, Toronto Star, Aug 9, 2017
WASHINGTON—In 2012, when Donald Trump was a celebrity businessman, he wrote on Twitter: "Price of corn has jumped over 50 per cent. This will cause a jump in food prices perhaps beyond what we've ever seen."
Four years later, when he was running for president, he told the New York Times that China was building, in the South China Sea, "a military fortress the likes of which perhaps the world has not seen."
The expression popped out of his mouth again after he won the election. In December, Trump told supporters that they had created "a grassroots movement the likes of which the world has never seen before."
And there it was again when Trump was ad-libbing about the opioid addiction crisis on Tuesday afternoon. He claimed that he was "very, very strong on our southern border — and I would say the likes of which this country certainly has never seen."
Until that point, the president's pet phrase was unremarkable. It was mere hyperbole — mere Trump. This was a man who never used "big" when "huge" could do. This was just how the man spoke. And then, minutes after his remarks on opioids, the phrase suddenly became a threat of nuclear war.
A reporter asked him if he had any response to the news, revealed by the Washington Post on Tuesday, that U.S. intelligence believes North Korea has successfully miniaturized a nuclear warhead.
"North Korea best not make any more threats to the United States. They will be met with fire and fury like the world has never seen," Trump responded, stern, at his golf club in New Jersey. "He has been very threatening beyond a normal state, and as I said they will be met with fire and fury and frankly power the likes of which this world has never seen before."
Without the "like the world has never seen," Trump's remarks about "fire and fury" could conceivably have been taken to mean any kind of military strike. With the "like the world has never seen," the comments are an unmistakable threat of nuclear annihilation.
It is possible that Trump intended to make just such a nuclear threat. He has, after all, promised to eradicate North Korea's nuclear threat "one way or the other." But it is also possible that the president bumbled into the threat because he did not understand the ramifications of a favourite phrase he had in his head.
"I'm guessing that this talking point didn't come through the rigorous interagency process," tweeted Dan Pfeiffer, communications director in the Obama administration.
Kim Jong Un is now confronted with the dilemma that has vexed American voters and lawmakers alike: whether or not to take Trump literally.
"I don't pay much attention anymore to what the president says because there's no point in it," Sen. John McCain told an Arizona radio station while criticizing Trump's comments. "It's not terrible what he said, but it's kind of the classic Trump in that he overstates things."
Experts believe Kim is rational, not mad, and that he wants to avoid nuclear war. But they have long feared that Kim might be provoked by loose Trump language into miscalculating, launching a strike because he thought Trump meant precisely what he said.
"I don't think (Trump is) brave enough to start a war with the North Koreans. But he's dumb enough to talk like he might. And the fear I have is he'll say something that the North Koreans will interpret as a sign that an attack is coming, and they'll overreact," Jeffrey Lewis, director of the East Asia Nonproliferation Program at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, told the Star in April.
As usual, there is an old Trump tweet that can be read as foretelling the current situation. "Be prepared, there is a small chance that our horrendous leadership could unknowingly lead us into World War III," he wrote in 2013.
Only morons believe what the U.S. government says about North Korea
By Caitlin Johnstone ('rogue journalist' in Australia), published on Medium.com, Aug 8, 2017
Political IQ test: What does it mean when CNN, MSNBC, Fox News and the President's Twitter account all agree that a foreign state poses a suddenly increased threat to America?
a) If they all agree it must be true!
b) Well I dislike some of those outlets, but I trust one of them.
c) The U.S. intelligence community would never lie to us.
d) Hmm… this sounds an awful lot like the leadup to Iraq?
If you said anything but 'd', you are of course a moron. The United States power establishment has an extensive history of using lies, false flags and propaganda to manipulate its hundreds of millions of citizens into supporting needless military interventionism. From the Gulf of Tonkin incident to the false Nayirah testimony to the amazing network of lies spun about Saddam Hussein to the "humanitarian" intervention in Libya to the unconscionable Bana Alabed psy-op in Syria, there is no depth to which the U.S. war machine will not stoop in deceiving the public about the need to unload the military-industrial complex's expensive inventory onto some third world country overseas, no limit to the evils that America's unelected power establishment will commit in order to secure geopolitical dominance, and no end to the mass media propaganda machine's willingness to report war propaganda as objective fact.
It is quite literally impossible to be too paranoid about these people. If you had an acquaintance who was a known compulsive liar with an extensive history of duping people into fighting one another for his own sociopathic amusement, how would you react if he handed you a gun and told you that your neighbor is getting ready to attack you?
The U.S. government lies about war, and Phil Donahue was fired from his top-ranked show for expressing skepticism about the Iraq invasion. This fact should overlay every single segment of news media you consume which has anything to do with a potential military rival of the United States and its allies/client states. Like Dr. Gregory House's perpetual mantra "people lie", awareness of the U.S. war machine's love of deceit and manipulation is absolutely essential in forming a clear worldview.
This is not to say that the completely evidence-free and unsourced report on this matter by the Washington Post — which as usual violated standard journalistic protocol by failing to disclose in its report on U.S. intelligence that its sole owner is a CIA contractor — is necessarily completely untrue. It is entirely possible that North Korea has attained miniaturization and is now technologically capable of mounting a nuclear payload on an intercontinental ballistic missile; the DPRK has been claiming to have this capability since March of last year. It would be perfectly understandable if Kim Jong Un learned from Gaddafi's mistake of relinquishing Libya's rudimentary nuclear program and procured the deterrent of ICBM nukes as quickly as possible, given the increasingly shiny target that the nation has had painted on it by the western war machine.
What matters for the purpose of this consideration is not whether or not North Korea does in fact have long-range nuclear capability, what matters is that the U.S. war machine wants you to think that it does right now. A narrative is being constructed, and our focus should be on what they are planning to use it for.
If, just to put a wild example out there, Guam is flattened by a nuclear explosion next week, I will be the first person to call it a false flag. There is every reason to believe that the pervasively evil U.S. war machine would do such a thing in order to manufacture support for its securing geopolitical dominance on China's border, and there is no reason to believe that Kim Jong Un would spontaneously do such a thing. There is no mental illness in the DSM which is both hereditary and geared specifically toward unprovoked nuclear attacks; what they've been saying Kim Jong Il will do is now what they're saying Kim Jong Un will do, and it makes no sense whatsoever. Do not believe these people.
This bizarre "Kim Jong Un has nuke-button-pushing psychosis, just like his father did" narrative has been used as one of the many mealy-mouthed justifications for refusing to de-escalate and attempt diplomacy with North Korea, which is indeed on the table. From the excellent Moon of Alabama:
Now consider what the U.S. media don't tell you about Korea:
Xinhua, March 8, 2017: BEIJING — China proposed "double suspension" to defuse the looming crisis on the Korean Peninsula, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said Wednesday. "As a first step, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) may suspend its nuclear and missile activities in exchange for the suspension of large-scale U.S.-Republic of Korea (ROK) military exercises," Wang told a press conference on the sidelines of the annual session of the National People's Congress.
… Wang said the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula is mainly between the DPRK and the United States, but China, as a next-door neighbor with a lips-and-teeth relationship with the Peninsula, is indispensable to the resolution of the issue.
FM Wang, 'the lips', undoubtedly transmitted an authorized message from North Korea: "The offer is (still) on the table and China supports it."
North Korea has made the very same offer in January 2015. The Obama administration rejected it. North Korea repeated the offer in April 2016 and the Obama administration rejected it again. This March the Chinese government conveyed and supported the long-standing North Korean offer. The U.S. government, now under the Trump administration, immediately rejected it again. The offer, made and rejected three years in a row, is sensible. Its rejection only led to a bigger nuclear arsenal and to more missiles with longer reach that will eventually be able to reach the United States."
I am not interested in defending Kim Jong Un here, just in pointing out that the U.S. war machine lies constantly in order to justify regime change in sovereign nations. That's all. It's hard to be sure through the immense veil of western media spin how much of what is said about the disobedient communist government is a distortion of the facts, but we can be absolutely 100 percent certain that it is a sovereign nation, and that the U.S. power establishment has an extensive, consistent history of lying to manufacture support for war. Be intensely skeptical. That's all I'm saying here.
There is only one government in history that has used nuclear bombs on human beings, and it did so without necessity. A patriotic myth still pervades mainstream America that Hiroshima and Nagasaki were an unfortunate but necessary means of ending the war quickly and ultimately saving lives. This is patently false. The Allied forces could have accepted a conditional surrender from Japan in May of 1945, which would have instantly ended the worst war in history if they had agreed to allow the nation to maintain its sovereignty and government.[1] That was in May. Little Boy and Fat Man were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August. The U.S. war machine did not kill 90,000–146,000 people in Hiroshima and 39,000–80,000 in Nagasaki by unleashing the atomic horror because it wanted to spare lives, it did so because it insisted, as always, upon regime change.
There is one government in the mix here that has proven itself completely sociopathic and untrustworthy in such matters, and it ain't the DPRK. Stay skeptical, stay watchful, and stay woke.
Note by Roger Annis:
[1] The intentions of the wartime Japanese government as it faced an increasingly hopeless military situation in the spring of 1945 are debated intensely by historians. While it is true that the Japanese government wished "to maintain its sovereignty and government" in the face of calls by the United States for surrender, this formulation of the issue simplifies the increasingly complex dilemma faced by Japan's military-fascist leaders (and the U.S. government), particularly following the defeat of fascist Germany in Europe by the Soviet Union and the subsequent concentration of its military forces against Japan. See this historical survey of Japan's dilemma in Wikipedia, and for a book on the matter, see The Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb, by Gar Alperovitz (1995, 897 pp).
From an email appeal for financial support by the Arms Control Association (Washington DC), Aug 9, 2017
- President Trump wants his advisors to find a way to scrap the 2015 Iran nuclear deal even though the agreement is working and Iran is complying with the nuclear limits.
- Trump has denounced the 2010 New START agreement, which expires in 2021. Without New START or a follow-on treaty, there will be no limits on the world's two largest nuclear arsenals.
- "Pro-testers" in Congress want to repudiate the U.S. pledge under the 1996 Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty not to conduct nuclear test explosions.
- Congress is poised to authorize development of a new ground-launched missile for deployment in Europe to counter Russia's alleged violation of the 1987 Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty.
Related news:
North Korea ponders striking U.S. base in Guam after Trump threatens Pyongyang with 'fire & fury', RT.com, Aug 9, 2017
U.S. nuclear bombers flew test mission over S Korea on Aug 7 along with Japanese and S Korean fighter jets
Trump: 'U.S. nuclear arsenal stronger than ever after I ordered modernization', RT.com, Aug 9, 2017
The madman with nuclear weapons is Donald Trump, not Kim Jong-un, by Mehdi Hasan, The Intercept, Aug 9, 2017
Forget Russia. Is provoking a nuclear war with North Korea grounds for impeachment?, interview with journalist Alan Nairn (on the Russia-truthing Democracy Now!, Aug 9, 2017)
The source of Trump's real clout, by Keri Leigh Merritt, Consortium News, August 9, 2017
The image of Donald Trump's "deplorables" – as Hillary Clinton dubbed them – is a bunch of bigoted blue-collar whites waving Confederate flags, but the secret of Trump's real power lies elsewhere.
The notion that white workers elected Trump is a myth that suits the ruling class, by Paul Street, published in Truthdig, July 8, 2017


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Ovarian Cancer Channel
Topics & Medications
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What Is Melphalan Used For?
If you have ovarian cancer or multiple myeloma, you may receive a chemotherapy medication called melphalan. This prescription drug cannot cure these forms of cancer, but it can help reduce symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease. Melphalan is approved for use in adults only. Off-label uses include treating breast cancer, testicular cancer, and bone marrow cancer in children.
An Overview of Uses for MelphalanMelphalan (Alkeran®) is a prescription chemotherapy medication used to treat people with certain types of cancer. It comes as a tablet that is taken by mouth, and as an injection that is given through a needle inserted into a vein (an intravenous, or IV, injection).
The tablet form of melphalan is approved to treat multiple myeloma and a type of cancer of the ovaries known as epithelial ovarian cancer. The injectable form of the medication is used to treat multiple myeloma in people who cannot take melphalan by mouth.
Melphalan is part of a group of chemotherapy medicines known as alkylating agents. There are several types of alkylating agents. Melphalan is a type of alkylating agent known as a nitrogen mustard.
This medication is approved for palliative cancer treatment. In general, palliative treatment is used to reduce symptoms and improve quality of life. This type of care may slow down the progression of cancer and reduce tumor size, but it will not make the cancer completely go away.
Melphalan Use for the Treatment of Multiple MyelomaMultiple myeloma is cancer of the plasma cells, a type of white blood cell. Plasma cells are found in bone marrow, which is the soft, spongy tissue found in the middle of certain bones. Plasma cells make proteins, called antibodies, which help the body fight infection.
Multiple myeloma begins when plasma cells become abnormal and begin to multiply out of control. The abnormal plasma cells form tumors in the bone, and affect the ability of the bone marrow to make adequate amounts of normal blood cells. This can lead to symptoms, such as fatigue and weakness, from low levels of red blood cells. The tumors also damage bone, which can cause bone pain and other problems (see Symptoms of Multiple Myeloma).
Multiple myeloma treatment options vary, depending on a variety of factors, such as how much the disease has progressed and whether symptoms are occurring. People who are not experiencing symptoms may not need treatment. When treatment does occur, it can include:
- Stem cell transplant (see Stem Cell Transplant for Multiple Myeloma)
- Radiation treatment (see Multiple Myeloma Radiation Treatment)
- Medication treatment.
Melphalan is a type of medication treatment known as chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is used to stop the growth of myeloma cells, which can slow down the progression of the condition and help reduce symptoms. Melphalan is often used in combination with other medications.
Melphalan Drug Information
List of references (click here)
Alkeran [package insert]. Rockville, MD: ApoPharma USA, Inc.;November 2011.
Alkeran Tablet [package insert]. Rockville, MD: ApoPharma USA, Inc.;June 2011.
Melphalan. Drug Facts and Comparisons. Drug Facts and Comparisons 4.0 [online]. 2012. Available from Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. September 3, 2012.
Micromedex 2.0 Healthcare Series [Internet database]. Greenwood Village, Colo: Thomson Reuters (Healthcare), Inc. Updated periodically. Accessed September 3, 2012.
Written by/reviewed by: Susan Lakey, PharmD, MPH, BCPP
Last reviewed by: Kristi Monson, PharmD

subset: commoncrawl


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Each month, as many as 50,000 Ontarians were going online to change the address on their driver's licence and health card — but only about 10 per cent actually completed the task.
Turns out, an obscure question tripped them up, one "nobody could answer, so they gave up," says deputy premier Deb Matthews, who is also the minister in charge of digital government.
"So digitally savvy people were able to figure out where it was that people got hung up, and they were able to identify it . . . so they fixed that and now I think we're at 25 per cent.
"And that will grow because it's just easy now."
Making government services more user-friendly and faster is the big task on Matthews' agenda, and why the government recently made a high-tech hire — Hillary Hartley, Ontario's first chief digital officer.
Hartley said it will be "quick wins" like the driver's licence dud — where users were asked for the last four digits of whatever identification they used when originally getting their health card — that she'll initially look to work on as head of the recently launched Ontario Digital Service, which has a budget of $16 million and 84 staff members.
"What we are hoping to do is take small examples like that — what are the quick wins where we can say 'there's something online, but there's a blocker here, there's something that's not working,' " Hartley said in a recent, sit-down interview.
Using data analytics, "you can very quickly understand," she added. "Today, 10,000 people started this and 1,000 people finished it. What happened? It's not just that everybody ran out of time and didn't do it … you can see where they are stopping and you can inspect that page.
"Maybe there's something wrong with that language there, or it could be the size of the button, it could be the colour of the button — it could be anything. So then you start testing, doing simple things to get it out in front of people to see if the uptake (goes up)."
Hartley is a co-founder of 18F in the United States — an office that aids government departments and agencies in implementing and improving digital services — and a former Presidential Innovation Fellow under Barack Obama. She, her wife and two young children will make their home here in Toronto.
The fact that the Ontario government was hiring a digital officer made it clear "that there was not only a strong foundation and something to build on, but room for me to have my own vision, but also a clear vision of wanting to make Ontario digitally savvy and digital first," Hartley said.
"Honestly, the fact that Ontario said 'we are going to create this position' was enough to signal that this is a big thing, this is a big moment, and we want to carve out this space for this team to both exist and thrive and teach the rest of the government the way they think and work."
Among other things, her team is now working on launching new pages for Ontario's health ministry, as well as an improved Service Ontario location finder and hours.
Matthews met Hartley last September — via Skype. She was hired in April from among 400 candidates, and will be paid up to $311,050.
"I can tell you that Hillary's name came up very early in our discussions about who we wanted as a chief digital officer — and we really wanted her, because she just walks the walk," Matthews said. "She does it with such ease, she knows what needs to be done and she knows the challenges and the opportunities — and we knew she'd fit in really, really well."
Governments have been moving toward more digital-first, streamlined services, with the U.K. getting on board early. Greg Elmer, a professor in Ryerson's faculty of communication and design, said while such positions are more common, navigating both the bureaucrats and the politicians can be tricky.
"A more independent CDO might serve to shake up the government and its services by adopting a more 'disruptive' agenda — that is by seeking to engage on a more interactive level Ontarians and their experiences with the government, its agencies and departments," he said. "This will be the first thing to watch, whether the CDO only serves to better manage current services, or if she uses digital solutions to better engage and mobilize Ontarians for their views on current and potential future services."
However, with such a large bureaucracy, it won't be an easy task. From eHealth disasters to the Ontario's more recent social assistance payment snafus, "and we have recently seen for example a catastrophic employee pay system installed in the federal government," he added.
"This is a reminder that digital solutions are not magic solutions, many require substantial financial investments and years of training and fine-tuning for specific organizations and workplaces."
In addition, Elmer said Hartley "will also have to learn the political ropes … given the impending election in the province, I anticipate this will be in the CDO's agenda practically every day of the work week."
Hartley acknowledges that changing big organizations isn't easy. "We used to joke that the biggest barrier was really just inertia, true no matter what large bureaucratic entity in government or not. Because 'the way we've always done it' is just prevalent and hard to break through.
"A lot of why we are here is for culture change."
Hartley said some U.S. states have even stripped the governor's photo from websites — "nobody clicks on that." The state of Arkansas has a "Gov2Go" app that keeps track of when users need to pay property taxes and will send out reminders to renew things like licence stickers.
That state government also has an app that allows family members to deposit money into an inmate's prepaid phone account, or get coupons for tourist attractions.
Despite the digital changes, in-person services will remain, Matthews said. And for her, success will be when government services rival the best of what's out there.
"I think people have come to expect to be able to do a lot of things on their mobile phone, whether it's banking or reservations or whatever, and I think the government needs to be every bit as good, and better, than what we are used to in everything else — sort of the 'that was easy' response."


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He didnt choose to live on the sidelines of a family who loved him, isolated from the world, surrounded by chaos. He had no other choice
I was calling friends when I got the call to go to the hospital. I'd been expecting it for the last few years. I moved to find the ward on which my brother was lying in a berth on a ventilator.
" Am I too late ?" I asked.
" No, Steve's still with us ," somebody told me. I searched down at the bunk, the monitors, judging his heart rate and blood pressure. Occasions I knew about. Then I looked at my brother and knew the doctor was wrong. The true was quite different.
In reality my eldest brother, 17 years my elderly, had not really been with us in many years. We had been losing him a little bit at a time to a disease we had long comprised off throwing a refer. We didn't know what to call it. Sometimes we thought we knew, other ages we felt blind. We held back from names, organised dinner without wine-colored when it seemed prudent, with wine-coloured when happenings seemed all right.
We were just flub about in the dark. Because which is something we came to accept in those final years, and what was more obvious than ever as we stood at his bedside, was that what had resulted in his latest, and final admittance, had a name. Steve was an alcoholic.
But it wasn't always like that. Alcoholism takes its experience, comes and proceeds as it satisfies for years. There was a epoch, many years before, when my brother push things about in my buggy, played at being Dad. He took me angling, taunted me, and realized me detest him by fastening me in his room while Michael Jackson's Thriller played on echo. Years subsequently, he announced me when his felines were giving birth, and gazed after me when it was academy holidays and my parents were at work.
When I went older he would invite me to dinner and we would feed lasagne from oversized colourful plates and he would talk to me about his woodworking and big movie accumulation. Now, I wonder if it was my childhood naivety that sheds our earliest shared remembrances in a joyous light. Perhaps what for me was a lovely darknes with my brother pointed to a deeper loneliness on his part. A happening that something was missing, a pit there to be filled. It was a signed of what lay onward, although I never realised.
We needed to break down my brother's entrance before we could see their own problems for what it was. On that moment he was noted unresponsive, and was admitted to infirmary for detox and rehydration, and was back out within a couple of periods, unharmed and unchanged. One of my brothers tied the door. Steve was fine, OK?
But the escapade had put an entirely different spin on what the fuck is up, and calmly, between ourselves, the first mutterings of alcoholism guided our cheeks. I began to understand what everybody else already knew. So a brand-new procedure became our standard: sporadic periods of stillnes, mixed with concern, always topped with a thick slice of denial.
The problem was not my brother's drinking, per se, even during periods of intoxication. It was the fact that boozing was wholly something ordinary. Acceptable. Having a glas at their own families dinner or finding a two-litre bottle of cider in the refrigerator would have been entirely reasonable if it had been anybody else.
Well-intentioned strangers couldn't see the damage. But they didn't see that the cider was the only concept in his fridge, and the meat that should have been in there with it was still in the carrier bags, decomposing on the kitchen floor. They didn't have to help him down from the ceiling of his garage where reference is grew disorientated and perplexed. They didn't wait for half an hour each day on his doorstep over a two-week Christmas period calling his appoint through his letterbox, merely to discover him moving around inside, disavowing their had intended to spending time with him, knowing he was consumed. Consuming. By then the time for breaking down doors had long since passed.
As we inched towards the later years of my brother's life, forestalled by his continued downfall despite our best efforts to maintain a feeling of normality, such frantic measures as broken-down doors seemed an overreaction. The alcoholism had taken support of all of us in some way, shortened our beliefs about what was possible. Still, during crisis times I would wake up at 1am to a call that something wasn't right.
We all took our rotation when it came to those late-night panaches, to stand in his room amid the tangle, huddled in front of our tearful eldest friend, appearing hopeless, even when he agreed to do anything we questioned. He would go to rehab, call them tomorrow. He would find a therapist, a different one. He would go to the GP, and this time take the tablets. Those darkness would often to be translated into sporadic attempts to set stuffs right. Pencils and bowls "wouldve been" turned on a lathe with surprising accuracy; we would receive invites for dinner and find the members of this house immaculate. When medicine would embark. Despite the downfalls, these instants offered blurred recollections of our shining, hopeful, and unfailingly manner brother with a oil sense of humour that everyone is missed so much.
Often, I was frustrated by alcoholism and therefore my brother. It seemed so simple to me in my easy life where I could mix cranberry juice with vodka and it didn't imply another collapse. Precisely pour it away, don't buy it, go to work, and come to my house.
I lived just all over the angle. But it was only when he died that I came to understand the quagmire he had been in; there had been no choice about the practice he lived. And "theres only" after that insight that I came to appreciate that alcoholism wasn't a lifestyle he had adopted as the easy way out of disappointment. It was simply after he died that I realised how nobody would have chosen to live like my brother, on the sidelines of a family who loved him, isolated from the world, surrounded by chaos.
It was never preferable to live the acces he did rather than how he would have liked, which is why, even when I detected hopeless, he never lost his sect that one day it might get better. He never stopped establishing plans to stop booze. He always hoped that a better, happier life was waiting for him on the other side of sobriety.
After we lost him, for a long time that sense of sin stood with me; it wasn't the fact that we had lost him, but the misfortune he find while he was alive, how his treatment had failed, and how, to his embarrassment, he had never attained the quite simple dream of affectionate and being enjoyed in return by individual other than his family.
Every time I hear about person or persons with an addiction, I think of my brother. Every occasion I hear that someone has combated their demons, I experience as proud as though it were him. When I insure boys fishing from the end of the wharf in Limassol, Cyprus, where I now live, I recollect the times he untangled my positions, and told me that another forgotten move didn't matter. I view his look when I look at the container he made, which I took from his house after we lost him.And each time I think of him, I realise I was as incorrect about him in fatality as I was in life. For years, I thought he was no longer with us, but he was, fitted with hope that there was another chance waiting for him, a different life we could be a part of.
So perhaps when I thought he was lost already that day in infirmary, he wasn't. Perhaps he was still with us. Because although there might have been no hope to save him that day, he never stopped hoping that we could. That is how I choose to remember him.
My Sister by Michelle Adams is out now, is issued by Headline
Read more: www.theguardian.com


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The Crowther Smith Prints
H F Crowther Smith: The Sussex Artworks
Horace Francis Crowther Smith (1873-1959) was the third editor of the Gazette (1937-54) in succession to R Leetham Jones (1915-37), but before becoming editor he sold cartoons for publication in the Gazette, had edited other sports magazines (notably Horse) and made drawings of other sports including Rugby. He is now best known as author and artist. Seven of his books are on Croquet and recorded in the Drazin Bibliography* Smith recorded his name as H F Crowther Smith in 1911 but by 1935 had become Horace Crowther-Smith; he is indexed by the BL (and Drazin) as Smith.
A Croquet Alphabet, 1913 A160 (A125) was widely published, consisting of two alphabets. The first, entitled Explanations' (pp 57) comprises two or three lines of prose for each letter (for the use of non-associates only). The second, untitled (pp 859), comprises a couplet of verse on each verso and a colour cartoon on the opposing recto, referring to the same players and situations previously explained'.
The Sussex County Croquet Club has seven originals from this series, in pen and watercolour. How they came to Sussex is not known and even more interesting is what may have happened to the remainder. All have the verse written on the back in Smith's own hand. The boards are stamped with his address in Surbiton, and in most cases the verse has been transcribed in what seems to be Smith's hand onto a cover sheet of poor quality paper which has deteriorated badly. An eighth original, c 1935 by which time he had moved to Richmond, is unrelated to the Croquet Alphabet or to his published series .
* Croquet - a bibliography, David Drazin. Numbers in bold A155 &c are from unpub third ed c 2011, followed by references (AA &c) from the first edition (Hardback 2000)
The prints
Click on a thumbnail to view the artwork and explanatory comments.
They are available as A4 high quality copy prints in black frames with cream mounts and can be purchased for £16 each, or £90 for the set of 8 prints, including UK p&p. Other frames, personal collection and overseas prices; on application.
These prints would make an excellent Christmas present.
All proceeds from the sale will go towards the Club's ambitious plan to relay their lawns following over 114 years of consistent use.
To order:
Phone Peter Pullin or email: firstname.lastname@example.com
(Club members: Peter's phone number is on the list; CA members: check the CA Directory; All: Use email for preference.)
Last update : 22/12/2014 @ 18:46
Category : Club Info - Prints for Sale
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|House of David
|Parent house
|Tribe of Judah
|David of Judah
|Final ruler
|Zedekiah of Judah
|Cadet branches
|House of Solomon
The Davidic line or House of David (known in Hebrew as Malkhut Beit David, מלכות בית דוד – "Kingdom of the House of David") refers to the lineage of King David through the texts in the Hebrew Bible, in the New Testament, and through the succeeding centuries.
Judean monarchy[edit]
|Rulers of Judah
According to the Tanakh, upon being chosen and becoming king, one was customarily anointed with holy oil poured on one's head. In David's case, this was done by the prophet Samuel.
Initially, David was king over the Tribe of Judah only and ruled from Hebron, but after seven and a half years, the other Israelite tribes, who found themselves leaderless after the death of Ish-bosheth, chose him to be their king as well.[1]
All subsequent kings in both the ancient first united Kingdom of Israel and the later Kingdom of Judah claimed direct descent from King David to validate their claim to the throne in order to rule over the Israelite tribes.
After the death of David's son, King Solomon, the ten northern tribes of the Kingdom of Israel rejected the Davidic line, refusing to accept Solomon's son, Rehoboam, and instead chose as king Jeroboam and formed the northern Kingdom of Israel. This kingdom was conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire in the 8th century BCE which exiled much of the Northern Kingdom population and ended its sovereign status. The bulk population of the Northern Kingdom of Israel was forced to relocate to Mesopotamia and mostly disappeared from history as The Ten Lost Tribes or intermixed with exiled Judean populations two centuries later, while the remaining Israelite peoples in Samaria highlands have become known as Samaritans during the classic era and to modern times.
The Exilarchate[edit]
Following the conquest of Judah by Babylon and the exile of its population, the Babylonian Exilarchate was established. The highest official of Babylonian Jewry was the exilarch (Reish Galuta, "Head of the Diaspora"). Those who held the position traced their ancestry to the House of David in the male line.[2] The position holder was regarded as a king-in-waiting, residing in Babylon and later in the Achaemenid Empire during the classic era. Zerubbabel of the Davidic line is mentioned as one of the leaders of the Jewish community in the 5th century BCE, holding the title of Achaeminid Governor of Yehud Medinata.
During the Hasmonean and Herodian periods[edit]
The Hasmoneans, also known as the Maccabees, were a priestly group (kohanim) from the Tribe of Levi. They established their own monarchy in Judea following their revolt against the Hellenistic Seleucid dynasty. The Hasmoneans were not considered connected to the Davidic line nor to the Tribe of Judah. The Levites had always been excluded from the Israelite monarchy, so when the Maccabees assumed the throne in order to rededicate the defiled Second Temple, a cardinal rule was broken. According to scholars within Orthodox Judaism, this is considered to have contributed to their downfall and the eventual downfall of Judea; internal strife allowing for Roman occupation and the violent installation of Herod the Great as client king over the Roman province of Judea; and the subsequent destruction of the Second Temple by the future Emperor Titus.
During the Hasmonean period the Davidic line was largely excluded from the royal house in Judea, but some members had risen to prominence as religious and communal leaders. One of the most notable of those was Hillel the Elder, who moved to Judea from his birthplace in Babylon. His great grandson Simeon ben Gamliel became one of the Jewish leaders during the Great Revolt.[3]
Middle Ages[edit]
The Exilarchate institution in Sasanian Persia was briefly abolished as a result of revolt by the Mar-Zutra II (the 30th Exilarch) in the late 5th century, with his son Mar-Zutra III being denied of the office and relocating to Tiberias - then within the Byzantine Empire. Mar Ahunai lived in the period succeeding Mar Zutra II, but for almost fifty years after the failed revolt he did not dare to appear in public, and it is not known whether even then (c. 550) he really acted as Exilarch. The names of Kafnai and his son Haninai, who were Exilarchs in the second half of the 6th century, have been preserved.
The Exilarchate in Mesopotamia was officially restored after the Arab conquest in the 7th century and continued to function during the early Caliphates. Haninai's posthumous son Bostanai was the first of the Exilarchs under Arabic rule. Exilarchs continued to be appointed until the 11th century, with some members of the Davidic line dispersing across the Islamic world. Natronai ben Habibai for instance was a rival Exilarch candidate of Judah Zakkai, but was defeated and sent to the West in banishment; this Natronai was a great scholar and according to tradition while in Spain compiled the entire Talmud of his memory. There are conflicting accounts of the fate of the Exlarch family in the 11th century - according to one version Hezekiah ben David, who was the last Exilarch and also the last Gaon, was imprisoned and tortured to death. Two of his sons fled to al-Andalus, where they found refuge with Joseph, the son and successor of Samuel ha-Nagid. However, Jewish Quarterly Review mentions that Hezekiah was liberated from prison, and became head of the academy, and is mentioned as such by a contemporary in 1046.[4] An unsuccessful attempt of David ben Daniel of the Davidic line to establish an Exilarchate in the Fatimid Caliphate failed and ended with his downfall in 1094.
Descendants of the house of exilarchs were living in various places long after the office became extinct. The grandson of Hezekiah ben David through his eldest son David ben Chyzkia, Hiyya al-Daudi, Gaon of Andalucia, died in 1154 in Castile according to Abraham ibn Daud and is the ancestor of the ibn Yahya family. Hezekiah ben David's second son Yitzhak (Isaac) ben Chyzkia is the progenitor of the Benveniste family and its Halevi Benveniste and Benveniste de la Cavalleria branches. Several families, as late as the 14th century, traced their descent back to Josiah, the brother of David ben Zakkai who had been banished to Chorasan (see the genealogies in [Lazarus 1890] pp. 180 et seq.). The descendants of the Karaite Exilarchs have been referred to above.
A number of Jewish families in the Iberian peninsula and within Mesopotamia continued to preserve the tradition of descent from Exilarchs in the Late Middle Ages, including the families of Abravanel, Benveniste, ibn Yahya and Ben-David. One tradition also traces the ancestry of Judah Loew ben Bezalel to Babylonian Exilarchs (during the era of the geonim) and therefore also from the Davidic dynasty,[5] which is however disputed.
In the 11th-15th century, these families referred as heads of the Diaspora or Exiliarchs from Babylon lived in the South of France (Narbonne and Provence) and in northern Spain (Barcelona, Aragon and Castile). These families received the title "Nasi" in the communities and were called "free men". They had a special economic and social status in the Jewish community. They were close to the government, and some served as advisers and tax collectors/finance ministers.
These families had special rights in Narbonne, Barcelona, the Knights Templar and Castile. They possessed real state and received the title "Don" and "de la Kblriih" ("De la Cavalleria"). Among the families of the "Sons of the Free" are the families of ibn Ezra, HaLevi, Abulafia, Benvenisti, Shaltiel and others. There is evidence (including a mix of names) that some of these families married each other (especially Hasdai, Shaltiel, Halevi and Benveniste) in Barcelona and Castile in the 12th-14th centuries.
Jewish interpretations[edit]
In Jewish eschatology, the term mashiach, or "Messiah", came to refer to a future Jewish King from the Davidic line, who is expected to be anointed with holy anointing oil and rule the Jewish people during the Messianic Age.[6][7][8] The Messiah is often referred to as "King Messiah", or, in Hebrew, מלך משיח (melekh mashiach), and, in Aramaic, malka meshiḥa.[9]
Orthodox views have generally held that the Messiah will be a patrilineal descendant of King David,[10] and will gather the Jews back into the Land of Israel, usher in an era of peace, build the Third Temple, father a male heir, re-institute the Sanhedrin, and so on. Jewish tradition alludes to two redeemers, both of whom are called mashiach and are involved in ushering in the Messianic age: Mashiach ben David; and Mashiach ben Yosef. In general, the term Messiah unqualified refers to Mashiach ben David (Messiah, son of David).[6][7]
Christian interpretations[edit]
In Christian interpretation the "Davidic covenant" of a Davidic line in 2 Samuel 7 is understood in various ways, traditionally referring to the genealogies of Christ in the New Testament. One Christian interpretation of the Davidic line counts the line continuing to Jesus of Nazareth via adoption of Joseph of Nazareth, according to the family tree of the kings of Judah in Matthew 1:1-16 (the later part of which is not recorded in the Hebrew Bible), and also in Luke 3:23-38.
As it has been historically accepted among Jews that the Messiah will be a male-line descendant of David, the lineage of Jesus of Nazareth is sometimes cited as a factor as to why Jews do not believe him to have been the Messiah. As the proposed son of God, he could not have been a male-line descendant of David and, if going through his earthly parents, Mary and Joseph, he would not have had the proper lineage either, as he would not have been a male-line descendant through Mary and Joseph descended from Jeconiah, whose descendants are explicitly barred by God from ever ruling Israel.[citation needed]
Another Christian interpretation emphasizes the minor, non-royal, line of David through Solomon's brother Nathan as recorded in Gospel of Luke chapter 3 (entirely undocumented in the Hebrew Bible), which is often understood to be the family tree of Mary's father. A widely spread traditional Christian interpretation relates the non-continuation of the main Davidic line from Solomon as related the godlessness of Jehoiachin in the early 500s BC, where Jeremiah cursed the main branch of the Solomonic line, saying that no descendant of "[Je]Coniah" would ever again reign on the throne of Israel (Jeremiah 22:30).[11] This same "curse" is also considered by some Christian commentators as the reason that Zerubbabel, the rightful Solomonic king during the time of Nehemiah, was not given a kingship under the Persian empire.[12]
The Tree of Jesse (referencing David' father) is a traditional Christian artistic representation of Jesus' genealogical connection to David.
Latter Day Saint interpretations[edit]
The Latter Day Saint movement accepts Christ as the "Stem of Jesse" and as the Messiah. In addition, Mormon eschatology includes multiple references to other prophesied Davidic figures[13], including one by the name of David who would come in the last days to inherit the throne and kingdom of David.[14]
Islamic interpretations[edit]
The Quran mentions the House of David once: "Work, O family of David, in gratitude. And few of My servants are grateful."[15] and mentioned David himself 16 times.
According to some Islamic sources, some of the Jewish settlers in Arabia were of the Davidic line, Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi recorded: "A Jewish man from the Davidic line entered Medina and found the people in deep sorrow. He enquired the people, 'What is wrong?' Some of the people replied: Prophet Mohamed passed away".[16]
See also[edit]
- Abravanel family
- Babylonian captivity
- Bagrationi dynasty#Origins
- Benveniste family
- British Israelism
- Claim of the biblical descent of the Bagrationi dynasty
- Exilarch
- Genealogy of Jesus
- History of ancient Israel and Judah
- House of Solomon (Solomonic dynasty)
- Jewish eschatology
- Jesus
- Jewish principles of faith#The messiah
- Kebra Nagast
- Kings of Israel and Judah
- LMLK seal
- Messiah
- Nasi
- Tel Dan Stele, the earliest mention of the House of David outside the Hebrew Scriptures
- Tree of life (biblical)
- ^ Mandel, David. Who's Who in the Jewish Bible. Jewish Publication Society, 1 Jan 2010, pg 85
- ^ Max A Margolis and Alexander Marx, A History of the Jewish People (1927), p. 235.
- ^ Wilhelm Bacher, Jacob Zallel Lauterbach, Simeon II. (Ben Gamaliel I.), Jewish Encyclopedia [1]. N.b.: the Jewish Encyclopedia speaks of "his grandfather Hillel", but he sequence was Hillel the Elder-Simeon ben Hillel-Gamaliel the Elder-Simeon ben Gamliel, thus great-grandson is correct.
- ^ Jewish Quarterly Review, hereafter "J. Q. R.", xv. 80.
- ^ See The Maharal of Prague's Descent from King David, by Chaim Freedman, published in Avotaynu Vol 22 No 1, Spring 2006
- ^ a b Schochet, Jacob Immanuel. "Moshiach ben Yossef". Tutorial. Moshiach.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2002. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
- ^ a b Blidstein, Prof. Dr. Gerald J. "Messiah in Rabbinic Thought". MESSIAH. Jewish Virtual Library and Encyclopaedia Judaica 2008 The Gale Group. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
- ^ Telushkin, Joseph (1991). "The Messiah". William Morrow and Co. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
- ^ Flusser, David. "Second Temple Period". Messiah. Encyclopaedia Judaica 2008 The Gale Group. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
- ^ See Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan: ""The Real Messiah A Jewish Response to Missionaries"" (PDF). Archived from the original on May 29, 2008. Retrieved 2012-04-17.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
- ^ H. Wayne House Israel: Land and the People 1998 114 "And yet, Judah has also been without a king of the Solomonic line since the Babylonian exile. Because of Jeremiah's curse on Jehoiachin (Coniah) in the early 500s BC (Jer. 22:30), the high priests of Israel, while serving as the ..."
- ^ Warren W. Wiersbe -The Wiersbe Bible Commentary: The Complete Old Testament - 2007 p1497 "Zerubbabel was the grandson of King Jehoiachin (Jeconiah, Matt. 1:12; Coniah, Jer. 22:24, 28), and therefore of the royal line of David. But instead of wearing a crown and sitting on a throne, Zerubbabel was the humble governor of a ..."
- ^ Doctrine and Covenants Section 113, churchofjesuschrist.org
- ^ Ludlow, Victor L. (1992). "David, Prophetic Figure of the Last Days". In Ludlow, Daniel H. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Mormonism. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011.
- ^ Quran 34:13
- ^ Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi, Bihār al-Anwār, Dar Al-Rida Publication, Beirut, (1983), volume 30 page 99
- Sources
- The Holy Bible: 1611 Edition (Thos. Nelson, 1993)
External links[edit]
- Jewish Encyclopedia.com: "Exilarchs"
- A genealogy of the Exilarchs: "From Judah to Bustanai"
- Rabbinic Sources and Seder Olam Zuta: "Seder Olam Zuta" & "Rav-SIG"


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Living & Working in Great Places
Thanks for being here! The six of us at CoolWorks welcome you and wish you success in finding your Jobs in Great Places®!
31 members
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Who's thinking of Alaska for summer of 2011. Need info on driving to Alaska, jobs, housing. I'm finishing up the season in Yellowstone in a few days. Will be driving from Florida unless I take a…Continue
Started this discussion. Last reply by Sunni Nov 5, 2010.
My Mom resides in Boynton Beach.
Thank you i'm excited for the road ahead!!
Congrats on being a featured member!!! 8)


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It was a cold and moonless night. A light breeze carried the cold straight to your bones. I was on my way home from the district market, where I had managed to make a small fortune in exchange for my skills in pottery. Darkness had swallowed me and a longing to see my family again clawed at me. Being alone on a forest trail in the dead of night isn't the best situation to be in, but as fate would have it, I chose to walk home that night. Darkness often gives us a feeling that we're being followed. But it was not just a feeling this night. I heard them, the heavy shuffling footsteps, and whipped around, praying. It was an old lady; withered and ancient. She reached out to me; a sign to wait for her. "Will you accompany me to the next village, son?" A part of me wanted to refuse, partly in fear of consequences that might pursue, but turning my back on her wasn't the best choice either. I agreed and we strode together, side by side.
She was amazingly fast for someone her age, strong even. My mind was a plethora of entangled thoughts, some of which were desperate courses of action and fear of what would happen next. A couple of things caught my eye; her bushy white eyebrows, her red sari which was torn in places, black bands on her ankles and wrists, abnormally large grey eyes and the fact that she walked bare feet. "I'll be taking the left ahead. I have to visit someone in the neighboring village first." I blurted out, overwhelmed by fear. She turned slowly and looked at me without a word, her large grey eyes penetrating me. I felt a shudder. Then she nodded and the silence resumed.
Ten minutes past, I started feeling the heat of constant bodily action spread within me and a bead of sweat broke on my forehead. Perhaps it was the fear. Perhaps it was the body heat. She was still going strong and fast. Surprising. My train of thoughts was interrupted when I spotted a silhouette not far from where we were. It was a man, a tall and gaunt one. The sound of our footsteps had reached him before we had. The man stood facing us. I was relieved to see him, stranger as he was. "Hey there, would you be willing to accompany this old lady here to the next village? I'll be taking a detour from the fork up ahead."
The gaunt face stared back at me. I noticed abnormally large grey eyes on the man's face too. "What old lady?" he asked blankly.
My stomach tightened. I looked back at the old lady. Her face was like stone, expressionless.
"Who're you talking to?" she asked me.
The bottom of my stomach dropped and my limbs stopped functioning. I was out of breath and sweating, even as I turned back to face the tall man. I felt my heart stop.
I was dead before I hit the ground.


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This Week's SCOTUS Sketches
It's spring time in February! One needs to be outside, so I'll just quickly post the sketches from this short President's week at the Supreme Court.
Monday saw arguments in the cross-border shooting case, Hernandez v. Mesa . . .
. . . and arguments on the EEOC's subpoena authority in McLane Co. v. EEOC.
On Tuesday my plan to begin work on a couple wide shots of the Court was sidelined when Invanka Trump showed up in the courtroom with her daughter. The need to get the sketch out caused me to miss that day's argument.


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(Just in case anyone thinks all we do is homeschool!)
My son and his peeps. Aren't they adorable?!!!
I'm sure they'd rather be almost any other adjective, but the giant #8 on top of his red velvet cupcakes almost finished me off, so he gets whatever adjective I choose tonight!!
His face? Are you kidding me here? *LOVE*
Happy 8th Birthday, (not so) small boy!
I can hardly stand it that you're already 8, but you're one cool dude so I guess it's ok. Just maybe stay a tiny bit little, even if it's just on the inside, for me, OK? OK.
We love you!! 🙂


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by Andrea Bosco | Photographs by Andrew Buda
For a private meet and greet, Super Bowl champ, Pittsburgh Steeler, and proud new daddy, Ben Roethlisberger greeted fans at #1 Cochran's Allegheny Valley Mega Center! In an effort to reward its customers, #1 Cochran introduced No. 7 as car buyers and their families snapped photos with the beloved quarterback. Allegheny Valley Mega Center opened its new campus last summer, selling Ford, Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, and Ram. Good eats from big Burrito Restaurant Group filled the showroom, and complimentary bottles of Big Ben's BBQ Sauce were passed out — we're thinking future tailgate parties. "Having Ben come out to the new campus showed the community we're happy to be there," says Cochran Media Manager Leslie Ozer. "We really wanted to engage the community and show we're ready to build a partnership."
This event is featured in the February 2013 issue of WHIRL Magazine.
To view and purchase event photos, visit the WHIRL Photo Vault.


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dell is detailing plans for their machines that will use intel itanium processors, which are scheduled to be unveiled on may 29. the poweredge 7150 will support up to four itanium chips running at 733 or 800mhz and up to 64 gb of memory. the two speed grades alone signal that this is not planned to be a hardcore production server. if it were, intel would stick to one speed grade, or at least two grades that are further apart. server companies verify each speed grade, and at those speeds they may not bother to verify both. the next signal is that the machine plans to ship with either windows 2000 or red hat linux. as far as i know, neither of those will run native itanium apps, being stuck at 32-bits (update: ms is testing 64-bit windows, so maybe red hat will do something similar on shipping itanium boxes.) so, instead of a glorious launch this year, there will be a silly little launch, and the only people buying itanium machines will be developers wanting to test their hardware and code. the real itanium will show up when the reworked mckinley core arrives in 2002 on a .13 micron production process. there is more word on the current condition of the itanium from cnet and the register.
user comments 2 comment(s)
|yay intel (6:10am est thu may 24 2001)
yay intel, lets get to quadruple itanium 2000mhz processors with microsoft 62 bit windows! – by monkeyboy
|what? (10:39am est thu may 24 2001)
hey monkeyboy, don't you mean, "64" bit? and why are you saying yay??? this release is a joke! you have to wait another year before the good stuff comes out….. shheeeesssshhhhh – by viking


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Please refer to the Preferred Drug List (PDL) when prescribing for our members. This guide does not contain a complete list of drugs; rather, it lists the preferred drugs within the most commonly prescribed therapeutic categories.
Though most medications on the PDL are covered without Prior Authorization (PA), a few agents will require you to contact our Pharmacy Department for authorization. You can reach our Pharmacy department at 1-800-454-3730 between 8:00 a.m. and 11:00 p.m. Eastern time Monday through Friday and 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. Eastern time on Saturday and Sunday. You can also fax your PA request to our Pharmacy department:
Please refer to the formulary when prescribing for Amerigroup Medicare members. Though most medications on the formulary are covered without Prior Authorization (PA), a few agents will require you to obtain an authorization. For Amerivantage Part B, contact Provider Services department 1-866-805-4589 Option 5, from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. local time, Monday through Friday. For Amerivantage Part D, contact Express Scripts Provider Services at 1-800-338-6180 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The prior authorization form can be found on the left side of this page.
Providers can send a request for a prescription coverage determination or an appeal for a Medicare plan via email rather than fax or phone by sending the request to the following address: firstname.lastname@example.com
Express Scripts, Inc. is a separate company that provides pharmacy services and pharmacy benefit management services on behalf of health plan members.


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If you would like to discuss your child's classes, please contact our studio office and speak to Wendy or Emma.
Our current office hours are Monday-Thursday 10.00-3.00pm
Phone: 04 210 8642 or 021962442
Email: email@example.com
Wellington Dance (Time For Dancing Ltd) – A New Zealand owned studio business.
Proudly owned by Emma Sutherland
182 Thorndon Quay, Wellington 6011
Postal: PO Box 193 Wellington 6140


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The elves that stayed in the Realm of Lysia after their sun exploded, the Elysia were forever changed by the magick and radiation that cascaded down on them. As mysterious and secretive as their skin is dark, the Elysia control all of the Gates between IIo and Lysia.
War of the Ages > Bestiary >


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Rectangle Garden Design
The design opportunities are almost limitless when creating a rectangule garden design. A symmetrical approach could be taken to echo the rectangular shape of the plot rather than detract from it, challenges in levels can also be introduced to good advantage to add interest to what otherwise would be a static design.
However if your preference was to detract from the surrounding rectangular boundaries then a circular pattern could be introduced to encourage the eye to wander around its flowing lines, and when accompanied with appropriate planting the boundaries would be hidden from sight and disappear. Using design technicals the eye can be drawn whereever you want it to be, for example offsetting the garden shape can make boundaries appear to be further away therefore making the garden appear deeper than it really is.


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Don't look back. Something might be gaining on you. -- Satchel Paige
All the 2009 Sift quotes are collected here.
In this week's Sift:
- The Theme of the Year: Corporatism. This year I stopped thinking so much about liberals vs. conservatives and started framing the fundamental conflict more as people vs. corporations. That certainly made more sense out of how health care and global warming shook out. It also gives an answer to that frequently asked question: Why can't our side use the same tactics theirs does?
- The Sifted Books of 2009. Do you ever find yourself thinking: "I know the Sift reviewed of a book about X, but I can't find it now." Here's the complete list from 2009, with links back to the original articles. Bonuses: Carlos Ruiz Zafon and how my Kindle is working out.
- Short Notes. I never did figure out Afghanistan. I'm pleasantly surprised by the lack of major right-wing violence. Why history won't vindicate Bush. The most disappointing thing about Obama. And my growing disappointment with the Washington Post.
Looking back through the year's Weekly Sifts, one theme pulls everything together: the dark influence of corporations. I've never been a big fan of corporate power and its ability to set our country's agenda, but as the year went on I got more and more radicalized. (The radical turn begins with Pioneers of Corporate Liberation in August.) At the beginning of the year I saw issues through a partisan political lens: I was a liberal and my goal was to battle the distortions that conservatives brought into the national debate. I saw this split as mostly economic: Conservatives represent the rich; liberals represent ordinary people.
Now I think that's only approximately true. The more important split is that liberals represent people while conservatives represent corporations. The rich tend to side with corporations against the rest of us, but that's just one of many human fault lines that corporations have managed to exploit. They also take advantage of our racial, religious, and social divisions. Corporations, for example, care not at all about abortion or gay rights -- but if politicians who stand for corporate power can use those issues get votes, that's wonderful for them.
That insight explains so many of the asymmetries in our political debate. Compared to people, corporations are few in number and their interests are simpler, so they are much easier to organize. We the people can only organize in public, through public institutions. So we need a trustworthy and reliable news media. We need that media to report the findings of an unbiased community of scientists and other experts. We need a transparent political process that identifies our common interests, empowers leaders to take action on our behalf, and holds those leaders accountable for their actions. Otherwise, collectively we have a very hard time figuring out what is true and what we can or should do about it.
Corporations don't need any of that. They hire their own experts to find out the information they need. They strategize behind closed doors. They hire lobbyists to deal directly with politicians and bureaucrats. The more secrecy, the better.
And so corporations don't need to control public institutions, they just need to make them unreliable. If politics becomes one gang of sleazeballs against another gang of sleazeballs -- that's good for them. If the scientific community obfuscates issues instead of clarifying them -- that's good for them. If the news media just repeats the competing lies of each side, without any attempt to find the truth -- that's good for them. If you wouldn't trust the media even if it did tell you the truth -- that's even better.
Again and again people ask me: Why can't our side use the same tricks the other side does? Why did Obama have to fend off scurrilous rumors but McCain didn't (except when he ran against Bush)? Why can't we have a propaganda network like Fox News? Why can they raise phony issues like death panels and voter fraud, but we can't? Why can they threaten to break all the traditions of the Senate, but we can't? When do we get to swiftboat somebody?
We don't. If we do, we've made a serious mistake, because we need public institutions to work. We need the truth to come out and to be trusted when it does. We need people to trust each other enough to take common action on issues of common concern. The corporations don't need that, so they can play by a different set of rules.
This year you didn't have to look very hard to find issues where corporatism was at work. It played a role in everything, as it always does, but it was particularly obvious in health care and climate change.
This year you didn't have to look very hard to find issues where corporatism was at work. It played a role in everything, as it always does, but it was particularly obvious in health care and climate change.
Health Care. This was an issue just about all year, and I consistently tried to do two things: Assemble real evidence about how bad our health-care system is, and fact-check the incredible stream of lies and nonsense that was put out against the various versions of the health-care bill.
Health-insurance companies, drug companies, and for-profit hospital chains make billions each year from the current system, so it stands to reason that they would put up a fight if those billions seemed endangered. The insurance companies in particular had to worry, because they are basically parasites; they fill a bookkeeping role that (even if they did it well, which they typically don't) wouldn't be worth what they're paid. So there was money aplenty to create reports, influence politicians, fund astroturf groups to organize and publicize protests, and in general influence the public debate in all the ways rich corporations can.
Corporate shills excel in fogging up an issue, so it was rare to hear a clean framing of the problem: Americans who get sick should receive medical care, and they shouldn't have to go bankrupt paying for it. I kept calling attention to two statistics: Health-care expenses play a role in about a million bankruptcies each year (compared to zero is, say, France), and among people without health insurance there are 45,000 more deaths each year than you would otherwise expect.
I debunked the jingoistic claim that we have the best health-care system in the world by pointing to the large-scale statistics: We spend almost twice as much per person on health care as people in other wealthy countries, and we don't live as long. But strangely, we do start living as long after we get under Medicare's umbrella. Our life expectancy after age 65 is not bad. So socialized medicine works. It works in other countries (where people live longer at less cost) and it works here when we try it (Medicare).
In a well-functioning democracy with a people-centered (rather than corporate-centered) news media, we might have had a real debate about expanding Medicare into a single-payer system for everybody. Did we? No. Instead we were bombarded with horror stories about Britain and Canada, whose health-care systems overall are far superior to ours. Again and again, people who thought socialized medicine was evil didn't realize that Medicare is socialized medicine.
Medicare-for-everybody would leave the health insurance companies with no role, so it was off the table from Day One. The next best idea was a public option, a government-run insurance operation that would compete with private health-care companies the way that the TVA competes with private power companies. The public option consistently polled well, but it got whittled down every time a decision got made, and was finally axed completely to get Joe Lieberman's vote in the Senate.
On the whole, the health-care package passed by the Senate will cover more people and save lives. But the health insurance companies are winners too, and they win at our expense.
Global Warming. Among climate scientists who are not funded by oil corporations or right-wing think tanks (who get their money from a variety of corporations and billionaires who identify with corporations), these facts are almost universally accepted:
- The Earth is getting warmer.
- Increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are the major cause of that warming.
- Human action -- particularly the burning of fossil fuels -- is responsible for the build-up of greenhouse gases.
- The warming process is going to continue.
- The long-term results could be catastrophic.
But if you're a fossil-fuel-producing corporation or a fossil-fuel-burning power company, reducing carbon emissions will torpedo billions in future profits. In general, if you are currently sitting on a spigot of money, political and economic change looks more threatening than climate change -- and you have that spigot of money to spend to stop it.
So money from corporations like Exxon-Mobil funds "research" by "scientists" who publish in "journals". All the forms of science are imitated, but it's not science at all -- because the results are dictated by the money, not the data. The "research" is always going to say that global warming is uncertain. (All science is uncertain, especially if you don't want to believe it. No one can absolutely prove that the laws of the universe won't be completely different tomorrow morning.)
And the same money funds political think tanks to say that because global warming is uncertain, nothing should be done yet. And (through advertising) it funds news outlets, so no matter how obvious the information-laundering process is, the media will write he-said/she-said articles quoting a few corporate-shill "scientists" as if they were equal to the larger mass of actual scientists. (Any reporter attempting to determine what is true will be smeared as demonstrating "liberal media bias".) And it funds politicians who repeat the talking points of think tanks and the media outlets, and vote to do nothing.
Occasionally, this machine may go on offense, as it did when it ginned up the phony "Climategate" scandal just in time to push the Copenhagen talks off the front pages.
I summarized the flaws in some of the major anti-global-warming arguments in February. And I debunked Climategate here and here. But fact-checking and debunking will never be enough, because it only takes a few minutes to make up new misinformation that requires hours of investigation to disprove. As one scientist put it:
At what point am I allowed to simply say, look, I've seen these kind of claims before, they always turns out to be wrong, and it's not worth my time to look into it?
Near the end of The Shadow of the Wind, Carlos Ruiz Zafon recalls "inhaling the enchanted scent of promise that comes with all new books." From the beginning, I've mentioned new books that were relevant to some current issue, but last year I started an occasional "The Next Time You're at the Bookstore ..." feature to highlight books, new and old, that you might want to read.
Before I list and link to this year's sifted books, The Shadow of the Wind itself deserves mention. Ruiz Zafon (filed under R) is a Spanish writer whose novels are engaging throwbacks to the 19th century. In the age of Dickens and Dostoyevsky, serious authors could get away with writing larger-than-life characters in larger-than-life plots. Now you either have to be gritty and realistic, ironically over-the-top like Thomas Pynchon, or consign yourself to the lower rank of genre authors like Stephen King or William Gibson. Some of the best 21st-century writers (Michael Chabon, Neal Stephenson) disguised their work as genre novels.
I don't know what court he had to apply to, but Ruiz Zafon has gotten a waiver from this rule. His two novels (The Angel's Game has just been translated) are clearly serious literature, but they are also filled with one-true-loves and capital-D Destiny and characters who may or may not be the Devil. Early 20th-century Barcelona (the site of both novels) is brighter and darker and more romantic than any actual city has ever been -- and it sits over the labyrinthine Cemetery of Forgotten Books, a sort of book-lover's catacombs. I can't think of anyone since Nikos Kazantzakis (Zorba the Greek, The Last Temptation of Christ) who has pulled off anything like this.
Another book-related topic was the Kindle. I got one at the end of February, told you about it on March 2, and then did a six-month retrospective on August 31. The gist: It works, I use it a lot, and I enjoy using it, but it hasn't completely replaced paper books for me. The biggest change has been in how I acquire books. I used to make a lot of spur-of-the-moment purchases at book stores. Now, I know I can get what I want whenever I want it, so I'm more disciplined about only buying what I want to read right now. Unexpectedly, that disciplined approach means that I've been reading a lot more library books -- the library is where my spur-of-the-moment pick-ups happen now. That, more than the cheaper price of Kindle e-books, is why I've probably saved enough on books to pay for the Kindle.
Anyway, in no particular order, here are the books I've reviewed in the Sift this year:
Whatever It Takes: Geoffrey Canada's Quest to Change Harlem and America by Paul Tough. Geoffrey Canada is a veteran black educator and social activist who is making a demonstration project out of a chunk of Harlem. He thinks he finally understands why rich white kids grow up smarter than poor black kids, and he thinks he can do something about it. In another ten years or so, we might have positive proof that you can change the ghetto rather than just pull a few kids out of it.
Nixonland by Rick Perlstein. The beginning of the Red/Blue divide is Richard Nixon. He understood the force of white working class resentment, and how it could be channeled into conservative politics -- even conservative politics that worked against the white working class. Thomas Franks' What's the Matter With Kansas? described a condition; Nixonland explains how it came about.
The Accidental Guerrilla by David Kilcullen. Kilcullen is the Australian guru of counter-insurgency (or COIN as the military calls it). The key COIN insight is that you win an insurgency by protecting the people, not by killing the bad guys. My favorite Kilcullen saying is that you should only fight the enemy when he gets in your way. The "accidental guerrilla" of the title is a guy who didn't have to be your enemy, he just comes to believe that you are a threat to his home and family.
The Origin of Wealth: Evolution, Complexity, and the Radical Remaking of Economics by Eric Beinhocker. Classical economics is based on a number of simplifying assumptions that aren't true, but they make the mathematics work out: the efficiency of the market, the perfect knowledge of all the market participants, and so on. Economists typically act as if these simplifying assumptions make no real difference in the long run, but increasingly it looks like they do. Beinhocker's book is about the reasons we have to believe that, and what might work instead.
The Dark Side by Jane Mayer. Jane Mayer was the New Yorker reporter who covered torture and civil liberties issues. The Dark Side puts a larger narrative around the various abuses like Guantanamo and Abu Ghraib.
Shop Class as Soulcraft: An Inquiry into the Value of Work by Matthew Crawford. Update Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance with some insights from 1970s Marxist writer Harry Braverman, and you've got this protest against the prolertarianization of knowledge workers. Maybe working with your hands isn't such a bad idea after all.
Doubt is Their Product by David Michaels. Michaels looks at a number of industries where the same pattern played out: Anecdotal evidence that workers or customers were being harmed or even killed was initially suppressed, and when it couldn't be ignored any more, the problem was studied ad infinitum. Industry can pay experts to create doubt, and no quantity of evidence will ever be enough to prove that they should clean up their processes. These techniques started with the tobacco companies, but are now universal.
Big Boy Rules: America's Mercenaries Fighting in Iraq by Steve Fainaru. It reads like an action novel, but it's not. A Washington Post reporter gets himself embedded with the most slipshod group of mercenaries in Iraq. It had to end badly, and it does. But along the way you get a lot of insight into the whole mercenary phenomenon.
How to Win a Cosmic War by Reza Aslan. Aslan is a liberal American Muslim of Iranian descent. The title is misleading: He thinks you can't win a cosmic war. If we frame the War on Terror as our-god-versus-their-god, nobody wins. This book makes a good companion to The Accidental Guerrilla.
In Late Summer Reading, A Last Blast of Summer Reading, and a note under my Big Boy Rules article I discussed some lighter, more entertaining fare:
- The historical novels of David LIss, specifically The Coffee Trader and The Whiskey Rebels. Since then a new one has come out: The Devil's Company, which the flap says is about the British East India Company and the birth of the modern corporation.
- The Echo Falls teen mystery series by Peter Abrahams, beginning with Down the Rabbit Hole. Since then I've started reading his suspense novels for grown-ups. He's another of those good writers hiding inside a genre -- or two genres now. Oblivion is a good place to start on his adult novels.
- The Unlikely Disciple by Kevin Roose. Roose was a liberal student from Brown who decided that rather than spend a semester abroad, he'd go somewhere really foreign -- Jerry Falwell's Liberty University.
- Holy Hullabaloos by Jay Wexler. Wexler is a Boston University law professor who came up with an interesting device for making his specialty -- church-and-state law -- interesting. He went on a road trip to the sites of the major cases.
- Anything by Lee Child. He writes action/mystery novels whose hero is an ex-military-police drifter named Jack Reacher. I got a Kindle version of one novel free, then took the next dozen out of the library in quick succession. If Tom Clancy had Stephen King's talent, he'd be Lee Child.
I never did figure out what we ought to do in Afghanistan.
The right-wing violence I warned about here and here still hasn't happened yet, at least not to any major extent. The initial surge of violent threats against President Obama has settled down, at least for now.
Bushies like to claim that history will vindicate them. Could that happen? In January I explained how historical re-assessment works, and why Bush is a poor candidate for it. In a nutshell, the perspective of history often changes the relative importance of an administration's successes and failures, but it doesn't turn failures into successes or vice versa. Bush didn't leave future historians any successes to re-evaluate.
The year's biggest disappointment was Obama's lack of action to restore the civil liberties that Bush took away. In February I gave my initial impressions of where Obama was going and summarized the state of this issue in October.
In a country that took the rule of law seriously, we wouldn't just be talking about rolling back Bush's illegal measures (like torture and warrantless wiretapping), we'd be prosecuting the people who designed and implemented them, including Bush himself. Whenever this notion comes up in the mainstream media, it is dismissed as something wild and radical, when it is actually just a plain reading of the law. Even if you believe that the extraordinary circumstances of 9/11 justified the illegal measures -- I don't -- this isn't the right way to let people off the hook. That decision properly belongs to a jury.
Another subplot of this year's Sifts was my increasing disenchantment with the Washington Post. As science blogger Tim Lambert put it: "The Washington Post simply does not care about the accuracy of the columns it publishes."
Another subplot of this year's Sifts was my increasing disenchantment with the Washington Post. As science blogger Tim Lambert put it: "The Washington Post simply does not care about the accuracy of the columns it publishes."


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Expect Nadal to step it up in Paris, says McEnroe
LONDON – Seven-times grand slam John McEnroe knows how it feels when a tennis career starts going in the wrong direction.
That's why he is paying careful attention to Rafa Nadal's current travails as the Spaniard prepares to try and win a record-extending 10th French Open.
At nearly 29, Nadal is already four years older than McEnroe was when he claimed his last grand slam title.
And after a season in which once rare defeats on his favoured claycourts have arrived with alarming frequency, no wonder many believe Nadal has reached a tipping point.
McEnroe, however, thinks it is foolhardy to dismiss the Mallorcan as a fading force and fully expects him to find his 'A game' in the days ahead.
"He obviously wants to try to peak for the French," McEnroe, who will form part of Eurosport's commentary team at the championships, told Reuters by telephone on Thursday.
"He was out for a while, he came back, he figured he would work his way back to the sort of level he needs and the confidence level he needs to win again.
"I guess by Madrid or Rome he would at least liked to have won one or two but it's hard not to think that he's gonna take it up to another level (at the French) unless there's physically something wrong with him."
Former world number one McEnroe says everything points to Novak Djokovic winning his first French Open and says the only player capable of stopping the in-form Serb is Nadal.
"It's hard to think that there's anyone who could beat Novak other than (Nadal) in a five set match based on what I've seen," said McEnroe, who let slip a two-set lead against Ivan Lendl in the 1984 French Open final and was never the same again.
While McEnroe's career decline was triggered by the early retirement of great rival Bjorn Borg at 25, Nadal, according to McEnroe, is suffering the consequences of his physical style.
Where Pete Sampras used to serve players off court, 17-times grand slam champion Roger Federer dazzles and Djokovic clinically dissects them, Nadal's magnificent career has been built on warrior-like instincts.
"He's had such an unbelievable record but he's a human being and at some point it tails off to some degree," the 56-year-old said.
"It's hard to pinpoint when exactly that will happen but he doesn't seem like he's himself.
"Maybe on the clay where you have to grind more than on other surfaces, you can get exposed a little sooner and people start wondering what's going on.
"There's always a moment in a players' career when it starts to go in the wrong direction or they stop playing altogether."
"He's put a lot of miles on the body, and mentally the way he operates and the energy he uses emotionally and physically, given his style of play, it takes it's toll.
"He's the type of guy that likes matches but he's also the type of guy that needs more rest so that's a difficult line to find that right mix at this point."
While all eyes will be on Nadal and Djokovic, McEnroe said Andy Murray and Japan's Kei Nishikori are the two most likely players to spring a surprise.
"Murray has always had the game to do well at the French and he's made a couple of semis and right now is playing with the most confidence I've ever seen him on clay," he said.
"And Nishikori beat Novak at the U.S. Open in extreme heat, he did an unbelievable job and it's conceivable he could do that again." – Reuters


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In 2004 The Rope took an initiative in expanding the ship modeling in Japan by organizing the Japan Sailing Ship Modelers' Club Conference (JSMCC), putting 21 ship modeling clubs together for the mutual exchange of information and knowledge.
As a result, the JSMCC had its first very successful ship model exhibition held at the Tokyo Maritime Museum in 2009, where over 100 models from the 21 ship model clubs all over Japan were exhibited. The mutual exchange of ideas and methods of ship model construction has continued over the years since then.
JSMCC is directed by the three steering member clubs, The Rope, Yokohama Sailingship Modelers Club and The Rope Osaka.
As of June 2017, JSMCC consists of 17 clubs and 553 members are registered.
★Sapporo Sailing Ship Modeler's Club
★Aomori Sailing Ship Modeler's Club
★Sendai Sailing Ship Club
★Fukushima Sailing Ship Club
★Yokohama Sailingship Modelers Club
★The Rope Izu
★Hamamatsu Sailing Ship Modeler's Club The Sail
★Model Ship Mate Jib
★The Rope HIroshima
★Shimonoseki Sailing Ship Modeler's Club Kaikyo
★ Sailing Ship of Kitakyushu
★The Rope Kyushu


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The subject of mathematics is vast and complex, but it's also a science that can be applied to just about anything in existence. By combining logic and abstracts you can make predictions about nature or study the motions and shapes of physical objects and so much more.
If you're a self-proclaimed math-geek, a math aficionado or a math student you should explore Imaginary. Imaginary is a platform for open and interactive mathematics. It features an array of different types of creative commons licensed content that have been contributed for others to use at school, home or any type of media activity.
The idea behind Imaginary is based on community involvement. An open call for mathematic submissions is ongoing and anyone can participate. Some of the programs that users have created include tsunamath (the math behind oceanic waves and evolving ocean topography), formula morph (exploration of algebraic surfaces based on adjustments of different instruments) and SURFER (mathematical relationships between formulas and forms that produce beautiful art forms).
Imaginary has tons of interactive information and exhibits too. The Hands-On section offers puzzles and games that you can play with to challenge your math skills. Plus it includes technical drawings and accompanying requirements so that you build physical elements to use for further mathematical exploration.
Visit the website to learn more about contributing or upcoming Imaginary events.
We have no commercial relationships with any of the vendors discussed in this blog, and disclaim responsibility for them and their goods and services.
Photo credit: Compound of 5 dodecahedra via (license)
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Grace Snow Policy: Since our pastors live close enough to walk to church on snowy Sundays, there will always be Sunday worship at Grace! During the week, when City of Manassas Schools are closed, church activities are cancelled and church offices are closed, too. We recognize that there may be times that morning weather causes closures, but by evening things are fine, so group leaders may occasionally decide to meet anyway. These decisions are made on a case-by-case basis, so contact your group leader if in doubt. We encourage everyone to use their best judgment about their personal safety when considering a trip to the church on bad-weather and snow days! Your safety is our first priority!
GCLC (Preschool) Snow Policy: Please click HERE for the GCLC 2019-2020 Inclement Weather Policy.


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- "Prepare every vessel that floats. At dawn, we're at war."
- ―Elizabeth Swann to the Brethren Court
The Pirate Armada was a fleet of pirate vessels that gathered during the meeting of the Fourth Brethren Court to fight against the East India Trading Company. The ships were all captained by a member of the Brethren, including all nine Pirate Lords and the Keeper of the Code.
Led by the Black Pearl, the fleet met with Lord Cutler Beckett's armada outside of Shipwreck Island, where they would fight each other. Almost all the ships in the fleet didn't take part in the following battle, save for the Black Pearl, though one of the EITC's main ships, the Flying Dutchman, would later switch sides. This event led the armada to retreat, and a decisive pirate victory.
- "Then what shall we die for? You will listen to me. Listen! The Brethren will still be looking here to us, to the Black Pearl, to lead. And what will they see? Frightened bilge rats aboard a derelict ship? No. No, they will see free men, and freedom! And what the enemy will see is the flash of our cannons. They will hear the ring of our swords, and they will know what we can do. By the sweat of our brows, and the strength of our backs...and the courage of our hearts. Gentlemen...Hoist the colors."
- ―Elizabeth Swann to the crew of the Black Pearl
When Lord Cutler Beckett went to war against the Pirate Lords of the Brethren Court, the Brethren had to meet in Shipwreck Cove in order to plan an attack on the East India Trading Company. But when they decided to fight Beckett's armada, they didn't realize that they were numerically outmatched, especially with the Flying Dutchman in the lead. After a parley between the leaders of both fleets, the pirates and the East India Trading Company prepared to battle to the death.[1]
During the Battle of Calypso's maelstrom, both sides didn't send their entire fleet of ships into battle, only the Black Pearl and the Dutchman went into battle. This action lead to the pirates' victory over the Dutchman, when Davy Jones was killed, in the maelstrom. Afterwards, with the resurrected Will Turner as the new captain of the Flying Dutchman, both the Pearl and the Dutchman brought the destruction of the HMS Endeavour. The other ships of the armada cheered to celebrate Beckett's defeat and the retreat of the remainder of the Company's armada. The war was over.[1]
Known shipsEdit
Behind the scenesEdit
- The name "Pirate Armada" came from one of the previous versions of the official POTC website.
- Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End
- Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (video game) (First appearance)
- LEGO Pirates of the Caribbean: The Video Game (Non-canonical appearance)
- The Dragon Tile!