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Probably my favourite and most influential design house and font foundry.
If you have never visited their site or seen their work, start now! www.houseind.com
House Industries
Known throughout the world as a prolific type foundry, House Industries has made a considerable impact on the world of design. House Industries fonts scream from billboards, wish happy whatever from tens of thousands of greeting cards, serve as the basis for consumer product logos and add elements of style to a wide range of mainstream media. In their illustrious career, House artists have mastered a large cross-section of design disciplines. Their typography deftly melds cultural, musical and graphic elements. From early forays into distressed digital alphabets to sophisticated type and lettering systems, House Industries' work transcends graphic conventions and reaches out to a broad audience. What ultimately shines in the House Industries oeuvre is what always conquers mediocrity: a genuine love for their subject matter.
The House aesthetic has always been an unconscious one. Although a couple of us have fancy college art degrees, we've always considered ourselves blue-collar designers. The fact is, we were attracted to design before we knew what it really was. Exposure to graphic design came through assorted American sub-cultural phenomena from the past few decades, such as the hardcore music scene, skateboarding and video games. It also didn't hurt to have pinstriping dads who built hot rods and older brothers who collected Mad magazine. Not surprisingly, mimicking Santa Cruz deck graphics was incredibly formative, as were the countless hours spent perfecting the interlocking letter forms of Priest and Maiden logos on notebook covers and jean jackets. We absorbed the lettering that surrounded us, even though it would be years until we were schooled enough to recognize that the Thrasher masthead was a stylized rendition of Banco.
As we became more formally educated about graphic design, our heroes appeared to be conspicuously absent from the history books. Where was Al Jaffee and Don Martin who illustrated serials for Mad or Norm Saunders who painstakingly painted many of the Wacky Packages stickers? Their work was not irrelevant or disposable; as far as we were concerned it represented real design. It wasn't overly clever "design for designers;" it was honest commercial art accessible to everyday people, like us.
Naturally, House draws from areas of interest that introduced us to the world of unsophisticated graphic design. We prefer to create our own projects rather than to try to please art directors who insist that they want us to do our thing. More often than not, potential clients just want us to rehash our own stuff. Typefaces, textiles and other products allow us to produce the kind of design and illustration that work for hire really doesn't give us the chance to do.The font collections, in particular, provide an opportunity for House to draw attention to all of the under-appreciated art genres that made such an impact on us during our impressionable years.
Beyond the vacuum of the latest inward-looking graphic design annuals are commercial art trades that are still insufficiently chronicled (if at all) by historians. Each House Industries project attempts to administer an art history lesson of sorts, and to share our appreciation for these influential design eras and practices. We also do our best to give credit where credit is due, often collaborating with the original artists who inspired us.
Invariably, "retro" is brought up when discussing our work. We've never been very fond of the "R" word; it's thoughtlessly used to describe anything that references popular cultural imagery from the past few decades. Oddly, digital fonts based on early twentieth century metal type are appreciated as "typographic revival," while fonts reminiscent of hand-lettered Fillmore concert posters are dismissed as "retro." Go figure.
Truthfully, it is craft that is at the heart of everything we do. When a situation calls for an elaborately detailed painting or a quickly executed brush and ink illustration, that's what we do. Sure, we could run a photo through a few computer filters or scan and auto-trace some found lettering, but it seems to us more direct and efficient to create artwork by traditional means. Not only is the hands-on approach more fulfilling for the artist, it generates loads of self-indulgent original artwork to hang around the office. (Besides, as we learned from Ed Roth, plastering our faces on everything does wonders for self-promotion.) Ultimately, we think that preserving characteristic production techniques while drawing from personal interests gives the unique flavor that makes the House Aesthetic one of a kind.


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Our History
Quanzhou Xiangda Machinery Manufacture Co., Ltd. is a professional high-tech enterprise for concrete block making, owning R&D, manufacturing, sale and after-sale service. Xiangda Corporation is established in the beginning of 1990s, which is located in Quanzhou City, next to Xiamen Port, china.
Our Factory
We have a 25000m2 manufacturing shop and about 80 workers and there are more than 20 presses, milling machines, lathes, coiling machines, rust-removing machines and other processing equipments in the manufacturing shop. During ov... [Details]

subset: commoncrawl


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There is currently no indication of the end of the housing crunch, the chief executive of home builder Hovnanian Enterprises told CNBC Tuesday.
"I can't say that we're at the bottom, and that it's over and ready for recovery," Ara Hovnanian told "Squawk Box."
"I can say that I've been through this many times, and many cycles -- our company is almost 50 years old -- and I've been through a big chunk of it myself," Hovnanian said. "We just have to get through this period as an industry, and it will end. The sky's not falling. It'll come, but it's just not here at the moment yet."
After the bell Monday, the company said its first-quarter loss more than doubled from the same period a year ago.


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Welcome to Lamma Island
Lamma Island is just 25 minutes by ferry from Central Hong Kong. It is traffic free, has beaches, several hiking trails and many family owned shops and restaurants. A true haven from the city of Hong Kong. It must be one of the few remaining places in the world without a McDonalds or Starbucks!
To find out more about Lamma Island you can go to www.lamma.com.hk
Our properties on Lamma Island come fully furnished including an equipped kitchen. We can also arrange for partly furnished flats if you are staying for at least 6 months. They are available for a minimum of one month (sorry no nightly or weekly rentals) and many of our guests stay for 6-12 months.
All properties are within 15 minutes walking distance from the Yung Shue Wan (main village) ferry pier.
The village of Yung Shue Wan has just one traffic free street and is lined with shops, pubs and restaurants that serve Chinese, Western, Indian, Japanese and Thai food. It also has an HSBC bank, an ATM, a post-office and a medical clinic.
Although many residents do buy weekly supplies from Hong Kong, you can certainly get all your basic food staples right on Lamma.
Ferries run from the Yung Shue Wan to Central Hong Kong regularly.
Click here for a full schedule. All ferries are air-conditioned.


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How a Functional Medicine Doctor Takes Care of Herself after Surgery
Many people have asked me what I am doing to help myself heal quickly since my recent surgery.
I think this is such a good question because it is always important to care for our bodies, but during an acute healing process, such as a surgery, it becomes critical to be highly accountable to yourself for a speedy recovery. And since I have experienced a couple of minor complications, I realized that this is the perfect opportunity to share with you how I have managed my healing process in detail. So, thank you for that important question!
In general, when you are healing from any illness, (and actually always), you should consider your body as a whole. Each and every system in your body interacts with one another and can be effected by one another.
So, let's cover each of these areas to make sure you are prepared should you have some expected or unexpected surgery or illness.
Optimizing the Endocrine System:
The Endocrine System is an intricate, Wonderful system of glands which make and secrete numerous hormones based on the instructions from our Commander in Chief, our brain. The triad of glands and hormones that you want to make sure are functioning in tip top shape before AND after surgery are Adrenal Hormones, Sex Hormones, and Thyroid Hormones.
The brain tells our glands what and how much hormone to make and secrete and is constantly monitoring how the glands are functioning. If the glands aren't producing enough hormone, then the brain will send out more Stimulating signal to the gland which tells the gland to produce more hormone. If the glands are producing too much hormone, then the brain will send out less stimulating hormone which tells the gland to slow down on the production of its hormone. This is called a Feedback Loop and there is a different feedback loop with the brain for every gland.
Adrenal Glands
The Adrenal glands are extremely important as primary players during any illness or recuperation. When the Adrenals are functioning well, they are ready to fight for us and help us through the entire healing process caused by stressors, may those stressors be physical, (such as an illness, injury or surgery), or emotional, (such as the loss of a loved one, financial, work related, and any other life stressor).
When our bodies experience stress, our Adrenal Glands step up to bat and take first place. The Adrenal Glands produce Cortisol, the strongest anti-inflammatory substance the body makes. When we need it, it is our friend to help us recover more quickly. As inflammation subsides, our wounds heal, infections resolve, muscles and bones recover, homeostasis is restored, and we return to our healthier and stronger self. We're quite fortunate to have Cortisol and are dependent on high functioning Adrenal Glands.
But even with well-functioning Adrenal Glands going INTO any form of surgery, the surgery alone is going to set the Adrenal System into overdrive and you are sure to experience the havoc it plays on your body. And if you must face any complications, even minor complications, this places additional requirements on your Adrenal System for which you should be prepared.
The extra Cortisol that we're making to help us heal is also sending messages down to all the other Hormone systems. That includes ALL of the Endocrine Hormone Systems, the Sex Hormones, Thyroid Hormones, GUT Hormones and even back to the Adrenal Glands themselves!
The more complicated things become, the harder they have to work. The longer it takes to recover, the longer they are in overdrive. And as you may figure, the harder and longer they have to be in overdrive, the more tired they become.
For some unfortunate individuals who undergo ongoing extensive physical or mental stress, the Adrenal glands can actually go into failure. When this happens, the medical condition is called Addison's Disease. Addison's Disease is commonly nonreversible, and the individual is dependent on lifelong supplementation of the medication Hydrocortisone (which is simply Cortisol). Without this medication, a person with Addison's disease could not survive.
As an interesting side note, one famous person you know who had Addison's disease is President John F. Kennedy. His survival was dependent on Hydrocortisone.
So, let's talk about what happens in the body when your Adrenal Glands have to speed up, produce more Cortisol, and support you during an acute stressor, such as what I am personally experiencing as a post-operative healing patient right now.
I put this little diagram together for you to try to show you what happens. I'm the little Zebra at the top left of the picture... with stripes coming off from excessive stress. My current stress is being sensed by my brain. If I had just had a surgery, this would have been enough to rev up my Adrenal Glands and thus increase my Cortisol levels.
But for the first week after my surgery, I had difficulty with a partial post-operative ileus causing extreme bowel gas and an inability to eat. Just a few bites of any food made me feel like the girl on Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory who turned purple and blew up into a big round balloon. Because of that, I could not take any pain medication or muscle relaxers which became a real problem when I ended up with a large muscle spasm in my back on post-op day 4, due to the odd positioning required for sleeping. I am required to sleep on my back at an elevated position, and as a lifelong side sleeper, this position is not what my muscle memory has come to expect. And thus, the muscle spasm. So... these two complications have set my Adrenal System in full swing.
My revved up Adrenal Glands are fortunately healthy enough to put out the Cortisol that I need to recover. But with the Adrenal System in Overdrive, all of the systems in the Endocrine system, Digestive system, (which is also part of the Immune System) and the Nervous system, are all ALSO being effected.
What am I doing about it and how am I coming along?
For my Endocrine System:
Sex Hormone Support:
Sex Hormone imbalance occurs with essentially ALL women as we age, AND Sex Hormones are an easy fix for most women now that we have Bioidentical Hormones available to us right over the counter! It's really become the easiest Hormonal System to fix! (You ought to consider ALL the important reasons for Restored Sex Hormone Levels. You can find out more about that in my Hormone Library here!)
Depletion of Sex Hormones effect the Thyroid Hormone System, (which is the hardest to fix without prescriptions), the GI Hormone System (which is also part of the Immune System), AND the Adrenal Hormone System. Sex Hormones also effect the chemical messengers of the Immune and Nervous Systems.
So, balancing and restoring our Sex Hormones to more Youthful Levels is critical for ALL of our Hormone Systems.
One of the most important things that Estrogen helps is its stimulation of the immune system and ability to ward off viruses by increasing a type of white blood cell called lymphocytes. I don't want a virus right now! So, a little temporary increase in my Sex Hormones will do me good.
- I use Young Hormones, Hormone Heaven, which is a Combination of an 80/20 mix of Estriol (E3) and Estradiol (E2) at a dose of 3mg Estriol (E3) and 0.6mg Estradiol (E2). That equates to 3 pumps of Hormone Heaven twice daily.
I increased my Hormone Heaven to 5 pumps twice daily and plan to keep it at this dose for 2 full weeks to give myself a little boost in virus fighting lymphocytes. 5 pumps twice daily are equivalent to the highest prescribed dose of Estradiol (E2).
With increased Estrogen, of course I need more Progesterone to balance the higher Estrogen, but Hormone Heaven already has the right ratio of Estrogens to Progesterone, so this is taken care of and I don't have to worry about any other additional Progesterone.
Young Hormones - Hormone Heaven
- I have just been prescribed Testosterone by my new Age Management doctor, Dr. Jeffery Life M.D. Since I just started this supplement, I didn't increase it. Basically, I have used Testosterone at low doses for a number of years, but have not been on any for almost a year, because I had been dragging my feet in choosing a new Age Management doctor. I saw Dr. Life for the first time just last month, and am looking forward to the 2018 changes that my body will be going through as I aim for the goal he has set for me, (and I agree with), which is an 8-pound weight gain of muscle and a 2% body fat loss which will bring me down to 19% body fat. Make sure you stay tuned for my body transformation this year because I will document the entire process for you! Once I am back to my full strength, nothing is going to stop me!
(If you want to receive my updated reports on my full body transformation, make sure you are on our Mailing List by signing up.)
Adrenal Hormone Support:
One of the best supports you can offer your Adrenal Glands are medicinal herbs that have been used for centuries in India and now all over the World. These specific medicinal herbs are called Adaptogens. Adaptogens are safe and non-toxic, and are used for both under-functioning Adrenal Glands and overstimulated Adrenal Glands. They reduce stress, both mental and physical, and provide the extra support the Adrenal Glands need in times of stress.
Think of Adaptogens as medicinal herbs that help you Adapt!
Though there are a number of excellent Adaptogenic herbs. My two favorites are the ones that actually have the most research and are the most frequently used all over the World: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), and Rhodiola Rosea.
- I personally use AdreneVive by OrthoMolecular. This product contains a group of synergistic Adaptagens including my two favorites. I use this product off and on during all of my intermittent "life stressors" such as when I face extended work hours, family illness, and even when I am planning a positive, but potentially "nerve wrecking", event such as a speaking engagement or even leading up to a vacation.
|OM Adrenevive
|Supplement Facts
- DHEA is my second Hormonal support for my magnificent Adrenal DHEA is critical for brain and nerve function as well as in supporting healthy Adrenal Gland function. It is commonly seen depleted during Chronic Fatigue, Fibromyalgia, other chronic illness or pain syndromes because it is produced by the Adrenal Glands.
I normally take 10mg daily, but I decided for this short time it would be good for the support of my glands to use 20mg orally. Normally I do not recommend any oral dose of DHEA to exceed 10mg, and that any dose over 10mg should be compounded into a cream for topical use. Since DHEA is critical for Adrenal Health and the Nervous System including the brain and individual nerves, increasing my dose temporarily while I heal serves me well. And since I have a low Estrone (E1) level (tested through ZRT laboratories), using greater than 10mg of oral DHEA for a short period of time is safe. (If you want to discover more about DHEA, watch the 4 DHEA videos in the Free Hormone Library on my website.)
Thyroid Hormone Support:
Thyroid function is critical for healing, and hopefully you have addressed Thyroid Health with your Health Practitioner. Hypothyroidism, in my opinion, is one of the most missed diagnoses of a Conventional physician. And unfortunately, hypothyroidism is the hardest to correct without thyroid hormone supplementation. In addition to that, many people do not recover fully from hypothyroidism with the most commonly prescribed medication, Levothyroxine which is strictly the hormone - T4. T4 is just one of the hormones produced by the thyroid gland and not nearly as active in your body as T3. In fact, T3 is 4 times as active as T4. In addition to that, T4 must be converted to T3 and there are numerous processes by which the body may be deficient in the ability to properly convert T4 to T3. Or the body may convert more T4 to something called Reverse T3, which is completely inactive, instead of T3, which is the primary thyroid hormone your body needs for a healthy metabolism.
This is critical for every day of your life, so you can imagine how important it is when your body is under additional stress of healing from a surgery.
- I personally take a combination of Levothyroxine and Armour Thyroid for Hypothyroidism. I have remained stable at the same doses for over 5 year And thus, in terms of my body, I feel this same dosing is perfectly appropriate. I think the key here is to make sure your body's metabolism is optimal going IN to surgery by being proactive in making sure your thyroid is functioning well.
For my Digestive System:
Remember that our Digestive System plays a huge roll in our immune system. In fact, it is estimated that 70% of our immune function depends on a healthy functioning GUT. The most important parts of our GUT that we need to think about are the microbiome, (or the host of bacteria in our GUT- the balance of good and bad bacteria), and the GAP junctions between the cells in our GUT.
The healthy bacteria in our GUT is dependent on many factors, far too many to review in this article. However, toxins, medications, nutrition, hydration, and even our genes effect our GUT microbiome. Probiotics should be a staple supplement for everyone.
- Normally I take 1 of a few probiotics. However, in getting ready for my surgery, and since, I have been taking Garden of Life RAW Probiotics for Women - 1 capsule three times daily (total 85 billion per 3 capsules).
The second feature of our GUT that we must always protect is the GAP junctions between each cell in the lining of the GUT. The lining of our GUT is actually only 1 layer thick. This is pretty amazing considering 1 layer is practically nothing. But in order for our body to easily absorb nutrients from our food, the mucosal lining of the GUT through which the nutrients are absorbed is ONLY one layer thick. In addition to this single layer, there are "GAP Junctions" between each of the cells making up this mucosal lining. The GAP junctions connect each cell to the next and keep the cells tightly together. Unfortunately, poor diets, toxins, medications and so forth cause these GAP junctions to loosen which then allow the toxins within the GUT to leak out into the body. This is where the term "Leaky Gut" comes from.
For me I am always conscious of my GAP Junctions and use prophylactic nutrients as well as avoid toxins of all kinds.
Here is what I do:
- Normally I use InflammaCore Powder by OrthoMolecular, one scoop daily in coconut, cashew or other milk substitute. Since my surgery I have increased the dose from 1 scoop daily to 2 scoops daily. With this shake, I also add 1 scoop of OrthoMolecular GlutaShield. Both of these are excellent for GUT health, keeping GAP Junctions tight and the InflammaCore has nutrients and herbal anti-inflammatories for the GUT as well.
- As for my diet, I eat ONLY nutritious food. Everything that goes in my mouth has to have high nutritional content and be organic. The ratio of Carbs to Protein to Fat is about 33% all the way (33% Carbs, 33% Fat and 33% Protein) This gives me a balance of all the Macronutrients with not too many carbs, and enough Protein and Fat for immune cells and wound healing.
For my Nervous System:
- At my recent first visit with my Age Management Doctor, my lab work identified a deficiency in Omega 3's. This surprised me since I take 1 gram of Omega 3 Fatty Acids on most days. At that time, I increased my Omega 3's to 3 grams (BTW, if you don't eat red meat, and eat fish only a couple of times a week, you may be deficient in Omega 3's like I was.) I personally use Carlson's Cod Liver Oil with added Vitamin D (gives me a total of 6000 U of Vitamin D3 plus 3 grams of Omega 3's with equal amounts of DHA and EPA)
For my pain and muscle spasm I consulted with the Naturopathic Physician and Compounding Pharmacist who both helped me design the base cream for the Young Hormones Bioidentical Hormone Creams and the Happy Hoo Hoo suppository base. Though the Omega 3's are critical for Nervous System health, it wasn't cutting the pain from my large muscle spasm. They recommended CBD - Cannabidiol from the magnificent Hemp plant. I started CBD a week after my surgery and what I discovered was something I did not expect! I had still been dealing with excessive gas, bloating and the feeling of fullness after just a few bites of food. These symptoms are obvious signs of ongoing partial ileus (which is caused by anesthesia). After the very first dose, I started releasing an enormous amount of gas! I was literally full of Hot AIR! By the next morning, my bowel troubles were completely over! And I actually woke up hungry! This was a pleasant surprise and not an expected benefit at all. Apparently, the bowel is loaded with CBD receptor sites!
I purchased both a controlled release CBD capsule and CBD oil for as needed break through pain. CBD has multiple positive effects on the body including anti-inflammatory and calming excited nerves. So, CBD has also supported my Adrenal Glands as well. After about a day of use, my pain was far less and definitely controlled.
Here is my regimen:
- Cannabidiol 50mg, (abbreviated CBD), controlled release capsules - initially I took three times a day and reduced to twice daily after 4 days use.
- CBD concentrated oil, (sublingual): The dose I found to be right for me was 0.4ml twice daily.
So, there you have it. That's a Functional Medicine Doctor's regimen for a Speedy Recovery after surgery! I do take some other basic supplements, but this outlines the specifics that are key to my post-surgery healing. I think I have it all covered.
I hope this helps you think about what you might need during acute times of stress, or if you are currently dealing with a chronic condition that has left you pretty worn out. Remember, the easiest thing you can do is to start with straightening out your Sex Hormones. At the same time, make sure your Adrenals are well cared for.
Dr. Karen Leggett is a board certified physician in family medicine and geriatrics. She has spent the last 17 years helping and supporting midlife women in balancing their sex (reproductive) hormones, stress (adrenal) hormones, thyroid (metabolic) hormones, and gut (digestive) hormones so they can regain their young little chick spirits.
She practices what she teaches! "We women control the aura of our environment! How we act is dependent upon how we feel, so you have to feel great to really achieve your goals!" Dr. Karen Leggett. Her own experiences led her to her passion today - to help YOU.
If you would like to benefit from some of these great products or any of Orthomolecular Pharmaceutical Grade supplements - you can get 15% discount by ordering from website and we'll pay the shipping! CLICK HERE


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Dr. John Anastasatos MD FACS – Beverly Hills Plastic Surgeon
Click any image to preview in full size:
Facelift, endoscopic forehead lift and neck lift
I did a forehead lift, midface lift and facelift neck. Pay attention to the results of the eye area. I did not perform a blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery). The results of the eye area only in consequence of forehead lift and midface lift. Endoscopic forehead lift, if done properly, truly and naturally opens her eyes. After surgery, her eyes had settled and her result became a young and charming natural look. The results of a facelift and neck are evident.
This woman was 69 years old, when I operated. I think you will agree with me that after surgery she looks much younger, and the result has a very natural look.


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National Guard (France)
The National Guard (French: la Garde nationale) was a French militia which existed from 1789 until 1872, including a period of official disbandment from 1827 to 1830. It was separate from the French Army and existed both for policing and as a military reserve. For most of its history the National Guard, particularly its officers, were widely viewed as loyal to middle-class interests. However from 1792-5, the National Guard was perceived as revolutionary and the lower ranks were identified with sans-culottes, and soon after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1, the National Guard in Paris became viewed as dangerously revolutionary, contributing to its dissolution.
The first National Guard units were formed in Paris in 1789 from soldiers formerly in the French Guards, the majority of whom had defected to the revolutionary cause, and former members of the Royal Watch (officially the "Paris Guard"). Around this cadre, a part-time Paris militia was raised for military and policing tasks. The raising of National Guard was declared by the National Assembly on 13 July 1789, in response to fears of a royalist coup. The search for weapons led to the storming of the Bastille for its powder stocks the next day.
The National Guard soon expanded into cities throughout France. Initially each city, town and village independently operated its own National Guard, until they were united under the command of Lafayette in 1790. It was identified until 1792 with constitutional monarchy. From 1792–5 the National Guard was an increasingly radical and violent republican force, especially in the national capital. The Guard's shift in loyalties resulted in the switch of power from the Girondist party to the extreme party known as the Mountain. From 1795, as Napoleon became more prominent, he succeeded in curbing the National Guard's power.
The National Guard continued as a reserve force under Napoleon and into the Bourbon Restoration, until disbanded as politically unreliable in 1827. However the disbanded National Guardsmen kept their weapons and covertly retained enough cohesion to resurface as a part of the 1830 July Revolution which overthrew the Bourbon monarchy. The National Guard was officially re-established in 1830 under its original 1789 commander, the Marquis de Lafayette, and initially protected the constitutional monarchy of the new King Louis-Phillipe. Louis-Phillipe had lost most middle-class support by 1848 and the National Guard therefore fought for the republican cause in the Revolution of 1848.
From 1868, the volunteer National Guard co-existed with a new "Mobile National Guard" (Garde nationale mobile) formed from men conscripted to part-time service as reservists. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1, the National Guard played a central role in the defence of Paris, and was reinforced with large numbers of Parisian conscripts. Having been converted from a volunteer reserve into a much larger force composed mainly of conscripts, the National Guard lost its identity and raison d'être. It also faced opposition from the army, which was opposed to such a large force outside its own organisation. In 1871, elements of the Paris National Guard rebelled to briefly form the Paris Commune, leading it to be viewed as a threat to national security. This rebellion was put down by France's regular army. In 1872, the National Guard was disbanded, and the reserve military role was taken over by territorial formations of the French Army.
The raising of a "Bourgeois Guard" ("garde bourgeoise") for Paris was discussed by the National Assembly on 11 July 1789 in response to the King's sudden and alarming replacement of prime minister Jacques Necker with the Baron de Breteuil on that day. This had rapidly spread anger and violence throughout Paris. The National Assembly declared the formation of a "Bourgeois Militia" ("milice bourgeoise") on 13 July. In the early morning of the next day, the search for weapons for this new militia led to the storming of the Hotel des Invalides and then the storming of the Bastille.
Lafayette was elected to the post of commander in chief of the Bourgeois Militia on 15 July, and it was renamed the "National Guard". Similar bodies were spontaneously created in the towns and rural districts of France in response to widespread fears of chaos or counter-revolution. When the French Guards mutinied and were disbanded during the same month, the majority of this former royal regiment's rank and file became the full-time cadre of the Paris National Guard.
Initially each city, town and village maintained its own National Guard, until they were united on 14 July 1790 under Lafayette, who was appointed "Commandant General of all the National Guards of the Kingdom".
The officers of the National Guard were elected. Under the law of 14 October 1791, all active citizens and their children over 18 years were obliged to join the National Guard. Their role was the maintenance of law and order and, if necessary, the defence of the territory. Following a nationwide scheme decided on in September 1791, the National Guard was organised on the basis of district or canton companies. Five of these neighbourhood units (designated as fusiliers or grenadiers) made up a battalion. Eight to ten battalions comprised a legion. Districts might also provide companies of veterans and young citizens, respectively drawn from volunteers of over 60 or under 18. Where possible, there was provision for mounted detachments and artillerymen.[1]
The citizens kept their weapons and their uniforms at home, and set forth with them when required. The initially multi-coloured uniforms of the various provincial National Guard units were standardised in 1791, using as a model the dark blue coats with red collars, white lapels and cuffs worn by the Paris National Guard since its creation.[2] This combination of colours matched those of the revolutionary tricolour.
Role during the Revolution
The former Guet royal` had held responsibility for the maintenance of law and order in Paris from 1254 to 1791, when the National Guard took over this role. In fact, the last commander of the Guet royal (Chevalier du Guet), de La Rothière, was elected to head the National Guard in 1791. In the summer of 1792, the fundamental character of the guard changed. The fédérés were admitted to the guard and the subsequent takeover of the guard by Antoine Joseph Santerre when Mandat was murdered in the first hours of the insurrection of 10 August placed a radical revolutionary at the head of the Guard. After the abolition of the monarchy (21 September 1792), the National Guard fought for the Revolution and it had an important role in forcing the wishes of the capital on the French National Assembly which was obliged to give way in front of the force of the "patriotic" bayonets.
After 9 Thermidor, year II (27 July 1794), the new government of the Thermidorian Reaction placed the National Guard under the control of more conservative leadership. Part of the National Guard then attempted to overthrow the Directory during the royalist insurrection on the 13 Vendémiaire, year IV (5 October 1795), but were defeated by forces led by Napoleon Bonaparte in the Battle of 13 Vendémiaire. The Paris National Guard thereafter ceased to play a significant political role.
First Empire
Napoleon did not believe that the middle-class National Guard would be able to maintain order and suppress riots. Therefore, he created a Municipal Guard of Paris, a full-time gendarmerie which was strongly militarised. However, he did not abolish the National Guard, but was content to partially disarm it. He kept the force in reserve and mobilised it for the defence of French territory in 1809 and 1814. In Paris during this period the National Guard comprised twelve thousand bourgeois property owners, serving part-time and equipped at their own expense, whose prime function was to guard public buildings on a roster basis.[3] Between 1811 and 1812 the National Guard, was organized in "cohorts" to distinguish it from the regular army, and for home defence only. By a skilful appeal to patriotism, and judicious pressure applied through the prefects, it became a useful reservoir of half-trained men for new battalions of the active army.[4]
With the invasion of France by allied Austrian, Prussian, Russian and British armies in 1814, the National Guard was suddenly called on to provide support for regular Imperial forces. Existing National Guard units, such as those of Paris, were deployed as defence corps in their areas of recruitment. Mass conscription was extended to age groups previously exempt from military service, to provide more manpower for the expanded National Guard. Students and volunteers from gamekeepers and other professional groups formed separate units within the National Guard. Clothing and equipment was often in short supply and even the Paris National Guard was obliged to provide pikes as substitute weapons for some of its new recruits.[5]
Six thousand national guardsmen took part in the Battle of Paris in 1814. Following the occupation of the city by the allied armies, the National Guard was expanded to 35,000 men and became the primary force for maintaining order.[6]
The Restoration
Under the Restoration in 1814, the National Guard was maintained by Louis XVIII. Initially the Guard, purged of its Napoleonic leadership, maintained good relations with the restored monarchy. The future Charles X served as its Colonel-General, reviewed the force regularly and intervened to veto its proposed disbandment on the grounds of economy by the Conseil Municipal of Paris.[7] However by 1827, the middle-class men who still composed the Guard had come to feel a degree of hostility towards the reactionary monarchy. Following hostile cries at a review on 29 April Charles X dissolved the Guard the following day, on the grounds of offensive behaviour towards the crown.[8] He neglected to disarm the disbanded force, and its muskets resurfaced in 1830 during the July Revolution.
National Guard following 1831
A new National Guard was established in 1831 following the July Revolution in 1830. It played a major role in suppressing the Paris June Rebellion of 1832 against the government of King Louis-Phillipe. However, the same National Guard fought in the Revolution of 1848 in favour of the republicans. This change in allegiance reflected a general erosion in the popularity of Louis-Phillipe and his "Bourgeois Monarchy", rather than any fundamental change in the make up of the National Guard, which remained a middle-class body.
Second Empire
Napoleon III confined the National Guard during the Second Empire to subordinate tasks to reduce its liberal and republican influence. During the Franco-Prussian War the Government of National Defense of 1870 called on the Guard to undertake a major role in defending Paris against the invading Prussian army. During the uprising of the Paris Commune, from March to May 1871, the National Guard in Paris was expanded to include all able-bodied citizens capable of carrying weapons. Following the Commune's defeat by the regular French Army, the National Guard was suppressed.
End of the National Guard
Despite its major role in the Franco-Prussian War, the National Guard was disbanded soon after the establishment of the Third Republic. Having been converted from a volunteer reserve into a much larger force composed mainly of conscripts, the National Guard had lost its identity and raison d'être. It also faced opposition from the army which was opposed to such a large armed force outside its direct control. The role of the Paris units of the National Guard in the uprising of the Paris Commune led to a great degree of hostility towards the National Guard, especially from the army.
Perceived as an embodiment of the revolutionary republican "nation in arms" at the time of the Revolution of 1789, the National Guard was disbanded in 1872 as a revolutionary threat to the security and order of the republic. The National Guard was formally disbanded on 14 March 1872.
The National Guard was superseded by the creation of territorial regiments, made up of older men who had completed their period of full-time military service. These reserve units were embodied only in times of general mobilisation but remained an integral part of the regular army.
- ↑ Crowdy 2004, p. 14.
- ↑ Philip Haythornthwaite, page 87 "Uniforms of the French Revolutionary Wars, ISBN 0 7137 0936 7
- ↑ Mansel 2003, p. 4.
- ↑ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Maude 1911, p. 229.
- ↑ E.G. Hourtouille, page 127 "1814 The Campaign for France", ISBN 2-915239-56-8
- ↑ Mansel 2003, p. 13.
- ↑ Mansel 2003, p. 217.
- ↑ Mansel 2003, p. 218.
- Crowdy, Terry (2004). French Revolutionary Infantry 1789–1802. Oxford: Osprey. p. 14. ISBN 1-84176-660-7.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Mansel, Philip (2003). Paris Between Empires – Monarchy and Revolution 1814–1852. New York: St. Martin's Press. pp. 13–14, 217–218. ISBN 0-312-30857-4.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Maude, Frederic Natusch (1911). "Napoleonic Campaigns". In Chisholm, Hugh. Encyclopædia Britannica. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 212–236.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Further reading
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Garde nationale (Révolution française).
- Tulard, Jean; Fayard, Jean-François; Fierro, Alfred (1987). Histoire et dictionnaire de la Révolution française, 1789–1799. Bouquins (in ft). Paris: Robert Laffont. ISBN 2-7028-2076-X. <templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- Bruce Vandervort, National Guard (France), on the online Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions, James Chastain, ed.
- EngvarB from March 2015
- Use dmy dates from March 2015
- Articles containing French-language text
- Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference
- CS1 maint: Unrecognized language
- French Revolution
- 18th century in France
- July Monarchy
- Bourbon Restoration
- Revolutions of 1848
- Military units and formations of the Franco-Prussian War
- Paris Commune
- Military units and formations of France


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SIR Alex Ferguson is determined to stick with his youngsters for next Wednesday's Carling Cup semi-final against Manchester City.
The United manager has used the competition to give the less experienced members of his squad some much-needed experience in recent years and that trend has continued this term.
Yet, a draw which pitched United into direct confrontation with a club whose 33 years without a trophy is immortalised on the Stretford End with a banner that ticks on one with each passing season, might have prompted a change of heart.
Most Reds fans would gladly accept losing to either Blackburn or Aston Villa at Wembley on February 28 if it meant City being denied a big day out.
But Ferguson refuses to be deflected from his original aim, so the likes of Darron Gibson and Danny Welbeck can expect to start at Eastlands.
"I will stick with the principle of picking young players on Wednesday," said the United chief.
"That is what we have done in the Carling Cup and we are not changing that."


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Inspired by conversations on the FOOD52 Hotline, we're sharing tips and tricks that make navigating all of our kitchens easier and more fun.
Today: Peel and eat pomegranates like a seasoned veteran.
Don't trust those that claim you need an old, dirty shirt in preparation for peeling and eating pomegranates. With just a paring knife and a bowl of water, you can enjoy this gorgeous fruit -- stain and stress free.
Watch our Assistant Editor, Kristy Mucci, deftly slice open a pomegranate, and submerge half of it in water to pry away the seeds. After seeing just how simple it is, add some pretty pomegranate seeds to your Triple Pomegranate Smoothie or Arugula, Pear and Goat Cheese Salad with Pomegranate Vinaigrette.
This video was shot and edited by Kyle Orosz.
See what other Food52 readers are saying.


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Qualifying businesses can earn up to $1,800 in rebates to start, expand or improve recycling, composting or other zero waste programs.
We are no longer accepting applications for 2019. Please check back in December.
Austin Businesses get up to $1,800 to go Zero Waste
More than 60 businesses took advantage of this rebate in 2016, receiving more than $50,000 in eligible reimbursements.
Don't miss out on this opportunity to receive up to $1,800 and free Zero Waste consulting services!
Funding is limited — Call 512-974-9727 to apply today!
Who is eligible?
The rebate is available to commercial and multifamily businesses and commercial properties located within the Austin city limits, meeting the following conditions:
- Properties affected by the Universal Recycling Ordinance expanding Zero Waste programs beyond the minimum requirements.
- Properties not yet affected by the Universal Recycling Ordinance Organics Requirements starting or expanding composting, donation or other organics diversion services.
- Rebate cannot exceed $1,800 per eligible business location.
- Limited to two franchise locations per eligible company per calendar year.
- Collection services must be provided through a licensed private hauler.
What can I use the rebate for?
How do I apply?
- Review Zero Waste Business Rebate for eligibility and details.
- Identify recycling services and/or materials business or property is interested in reducing.
- Call the Business Outreach Team at (512) 974-9727 to confirm eligibility and finalize the application.
Call 512-974-9727 Today to Apply!
Zero Waste Business Rebates are available to eligible participants by property type on a first-come, first-served basis. Rebate reservations or rain checks are not accepted.


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Bremen barrier concerns AZ
Friday 16 March 2007
Article summary
AZ Alkmaar will be wary of Werder Bremen in the last eight but they can take comfort from the Bundesliga outfit's European record against Dutch opposition.
Article top media content
Article body
AZ Alkmaar are wary of the threat posed by Werder Bremen in the UEFA Cup quarter-finals but can take comfort from the Bundesliga side's record against teams from the Netherlands.
'Difficult draw'
Danny Koevermans, who earned his first call-up by the Netherlands today for the forthcoming UEFA EURO 2008™ qualifiers against Romania and Slovenia, has been a major factor in AZ's run to the last eight. He scored a goal in each leg as the Dutch club drew 4-4 on aggregate with Newcastle United FC to progress on away goals, and knows Bremen will push AZ just as hard. "It is a difficult draw," Koevermans said. "We have already knocked out Newcastle and Fenerbahçe [SK], so who knows?"
Home help
One possible negative is having to play the first leg at home on 5 April, where Alkmaar have not lost in 29 European games, before travelling to Germany a week later. "I don't know if it is a disadvantage. You never can tell but we certainly have to get a good result at home." Regardless, the former Sparta Rotterdam striker still cannot believe how far he has come. "Two years ago I saw AZ reach the semi-finals on television, now I am part of it myself."
Poor record
AZ have encountered German opposition once before, in that 2004/05 march to the UEFA Cup last four, earning a 0-0 draw at TSV Alemannia Aachen before going through to the last 16 with a 2-1 home success. Bremen, in contrast, have been pitted against Dutch sides on four occasions and have an underwhelming record. In eight matches, they have lost five and drawn two – though tellingly their only win came in this season's competition and was a real statement of intent.
Goals galore
Thomas Schaaf's men brushed aside AFC Ajax in the Round of 32 with a 3-0 home victory, ultimately advancing 4-3 on aggregate, and then saw off RC Celta de Vigo by a 3-0 margin over two legs. With a tie against either RCD Espanyol or SL Benfica awaiting the winners, Schaaf was happy enough to draw another Eredivisie club, though he was full of praise for Louis van Gaal's outfit and the unrivalled 25 goals they have scored in this current campaign.
Schaaf wary
"Again a Dutch side," Schaaf said. "We have respect for Alkmaar as they have proved in the past to be a top team in Europe. It won't be easy but we are looking forward to it. Alkmaar can be compared to Ajax and are very strong at home. It is important we get a good result there and then make it perfect in Bremen, because Alkmaar have shown their strength in second-leg matches."


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The streets in four newer North Fort Worth neighborhoods are falling apart and need extensive repairs because developers did not build them properly, the city claims in a series of lawsuits.
The condition of the streets has become something of a joke among homeowners.
"Well, there's no need for speed bumps when there's this many potholes," said Chuck Sherrill, who moved into the Trace Ridge neighborhood about 10 years ago.
City Councilman Sal Espino, who represents North Fort Worth, said the city wants the developers to pay for repairing the streets.
"Premature street failures are a serious issue in the city of Fort Worth," he said. "These residents in our city who have moved into brand new homes deserve roads that will last 15, 20 years instead of breaking up after three years, four years."
The neighborhoods involved include Arcadia Park, Trace Ridge, Crawford Farms and the Heights of Park Vista, also known as Tarrant Park Vista.
The unusual lawsuits, which have been filed over the past three years, name the developers and numerous contractors involved in the street construction.
This week, the Fort Worth City Council approved paying thousands of dollars to a private law firm to continue the legal proceedings. The first of several trials is set for July.
Espino said experts hired by the city determined the trenches under the streets were improperly constructed.
"In these new subdivisions, when you don't build a trench right, the road collapses," he said.
Deputy City Attorney Gerald Pruitt said building standards call for construction crews to fill trenches with a small amount of dirt and then tamp it down before putting more dirt on top of it.
The city's investigation found that in these subdivisions, contractors filled the trenches with a large pile of dirt at once without properly compacting it, he said.
A spokeswoman for home builder giant D.L. Horton, the developer of Trace Ridge, released a short written statement saying the company disagrees with the allegations in the city's lawsuit and is defending itself.
Talmage Boston, an attorney for another developer, Arcadia Park, said city inspectors examined the streets at least once a month during construction and approved the work before the developers paid the contractor.
"All the streets at issue were built in accordance with the city's standards," Boston said. "It is our belief that the lawsuit brought by the city is without merit."
The contractor, Site Concrete Inc., of Grand Prairie, did not respond to requests for comment.


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News Flash for Sept. 12, 2010! Marian Van Eyk McCain, editor of and contributor to GreenSpirit: Path to a New Consciousness, will be in Chatham, NY on Sunday, September 12. 2010, 2 PM, to speak about the book and about living simply, at The Real Food Network Co-op, upstairs in the Community Room, 15 Church Street, Chatham, NY. (Please note that the Co-op is not open for business on Sundays.)
Marian and her husband live simply in Devon, England. She limits her air travel for environmental reasons, so we are fortunate to have her with us. Please join us on September 12th!
This event is sponsored by Sanctuary Without Walls.


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Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad), as the name itself suggests, was named after the Emperor Charles IV. According to a popular tale, he had it built in the latter half of the 14th century, after the discovery of a hot spring with a magical curative power.
However, the spa and construction development of the city located in the basins of the Ohře and Teplá Rivers only began in the 16th century. The city flourished due to its world-wide fame as a spa. However, the golden times did not last long. Two natural disasters in the form of a fire and a flood shook up the busy tourist traffic. Another hit for Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) was the Thirty Years' War which brought poverty and hunger to the city, and, for a long time, stopped the promising economical boom. The period when balneology was not doing so well gave rise to the traditional Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) trades such as tin production, gunsmithing, needle-making, and cutlery.
Karlovy Vary's (Carlsbad's) balneology experienced its renaissance in the 17th century, when rich aristocrats from Saxony, Poland, and Russia started to come to the famous spa again. The most honored visitor, without any doubt, came at the beginning of the 18th century - Peter I the Great, who visited Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) twice.The 18th century was a period of wealth for the city. Thanks to the favor of the monarchy and the visits of rich patrons, Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) quickly began to grow. One of the most important church monuments - the baroque Church of St. Mary Magdalene (1736) - comes from this period.
The fame of Karlovy Vary continued to grow. That is why the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century is characterized mainly by the foreign clientele. Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) became an important cultural and social city. Some of the visitors were, for example, Goethe, Schiller, Beethoven, Chopin, Paganini, and many other important personalities of that time.
Only the 19th century gave Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) its existing appearance. Also the majority of the spa and church buildings were built:
- Mlýnská kolonáda (The Mill Colonnade) (1881)
- Tržní kolonáda (The Market Colonnade) (1883)
- Císařské lázně (The Emperor's Spa) (1895)
- Městské divadlo (The Municipal Theater) (1886)
- pravoslavný kostel sv. Petra a Pavla (St. Peter and Paul Orthodox Church) (1897)
- anglikánský kostel sv. Lukáše (Anglican Church of St. Luke) (1887)
- And many others...
The intense construction activities were completed before World War I with the building of the international Hotel Imperial (1912).
The 19th century and the spirit of the industrial revolution brought the Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) railroad. This, along with great successes in the treatment of diabetes, ensured the city an even greater visitor rate. The treatment and various scientific, cultural, social, and political assemblies attracted guests of note: Gogol, Lizst, Freud, Barrande, Fontane, Dvořák, Marx, Brahms, and many others.
Just before World War I, Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) was at its peak. The city treated more than 70 thousand patients. However, the conflict severely harmed the development of balneology. After the war, Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) never achieved visitor rate like before.
After World War I came other economic disasters, such as the world crisis, World War II, and normalization. No wonder the spa life in Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) almost stopped. The city development in the 2nd half of the 20th century was according to the spirit of socialist realism. The following, and many other buildings, were built:
- The Thermal Hotel (1977)
- Vřídelní kolonáda (The Thermal Spring Colonnade) (1975)
- The Švýcarský dvůr Hotel (The Swiss Court) (1971)
- The Sanssouci Hotel (1970)
After the Velvet Revolution (1989), the Karlovy Vary Spa (Carlsbad) started to dust off its world fame. The spa therapy was enhanced by modern procedures, hotels, and important architectural buildings were reconstructed, and Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) started to once more open its arms to visitors from the entire world.
Also in the 21st century, Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad) owes its fame mainly to its natural wealth - thermal springs, which have already been bringing people health for 650 years.


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Reasons To Travel To GreeceGreece usually reminds us of the Roman gods, mythology creatures, great castles and the beautiful empresses. There are a countless reasons to travel to Greece, but the main reason can be to enjoy its rich cultural history. Greece is known for its' artistic, social, scientific, and political contributions. Officially known as "Hellenic Republic" Greece has a known reputation of being strong and fiercely independent. Its' evident in its motto "Eleftheria-I-Thanatos" meaning "Freedom or Death"; and also in its national anthem "Ymnos eis tin Eleutherian" meaning "Hymn to Liberty".
Greece is among the world's most popular tourist destinations. It ranks in world's top 20 most visited countries. According to Greek Ministry of Tourism, the country received about 18 Million visitors in 2013, which is quite a large number for such a small country with a population of about 12 Million. Tourists are usually drawn to the nation's beaches and beautiful sunny summer weather, historical sites and its' natural beauty.
Greece is among of the earliest known advanced European cultures. Ancient Greece, under leadership of Alexander the Great, they defeated Persians and the victory resulted to what is known as the Hellenistic era.
When you travel to Greece you will get to enjoy the country's major contributions to the world first hand, these contributions include: democracy, artistry, western philosophy, science, politics, western literature, historiography, mathematics and western drama. It's also known as the creator of Olympic Games. There are several Nobel Prize winners who've come from Greece, some of them include; Odysseus Elytis & George Seferis.
Reasons To Travel To Greece:
It is located alongside the steep cliffs, it has a great combination of both topographical marvels and cultural history. It is usually crowded with visitors most times. You can visit this breathtaking beautiful locale in May or June to slightly avoid the rush.There's a prehistoric art museum, golden beautiful beaches and excavation sites located at Akrotiri. The blue and white houses can be seen at Fira which is the island's capital, and you'll find tasty food & beautiful locales in the area.
It's the capital of Greece. It's normally the 1st place visitors go to experience its' fast paced city life and also to visit some of the nation's most famous historical attractions. The Parthenon and Acropolis stand resplendent looking over the city, and you'll also get to enjoy a taste of the ancient Greek world at the Agora marketplace where the legendary Socrates once held court. You can also visit the Temple of Hephaestrus and Zeus. Take your time to enjoy the colorful changing of guards outside Greek Parliament and also enjoy the ever lively nightlife. Some of the best clubs and bars are in the central areas like Plaka and Psiri.
This is a natural work of art. With the awe inspiring sculpture which looks like it was carved out of mother nature's very own hand, this is an absolute must see site for anyone visiting Greece. The rock art formations comprise of sand stone deposits, sediments which were deposited & layered on top of each other over the years by streams and rivers flowing through that area.
The medieval town of Rhodes (also called, Rodos) was originally created by Knights of Saint John. The Colossus of Rhodes, 1 of the 7 Wonders of Ancient World, is found here. The ruins of the Temple of the god Athena can be found in Lindos. The medieval wall that was built around the town for defense purposes still awes tourists today. When in Rhodes you'll get to see the Ottoman bazaars & Byzantine monuments.
This is another major reason to travel to Greece. This city combines ancient archaeological sites with a bustling modern city. It has an ancient forum which dates back to the Third century & several Ottoman and Byzantine monuments. You will get to admire the Byzantine walls which still remain to date and also get to visit churches which date back to the Fifth century.
It's the largest Greece island. It is a place steeped in history and is a common tourist destination. It's the Fifth largest island in & around the Mediterranean. It has great mountain ranges, picturesque valleys with olive groves and vineyards, forest regions and countless golden sandy beaches. Crete has among the most delicious foods in Greece. You can try out its cheese, freshly caught seafood or the slow cooked lamb dishes.
Other reasons to travel to Greece include:
-The splendid site of Delphi, where mighty emperors sought prophecies from the prominent oracle back in ancient Greek.
-The temple of Apollo which is located at Bassae.
-The archaeological site of Olympia, it's the birth place of today's Olympic Games and the place where the Olympic flame is sent from.
-The Eastern Orthodox monasteries found in Meteora which look stunning, they are built on high natural sandstone rock pillars.
-The town of Mystras which is often mistaken for "Ancient Sparta".
-Another major reason to travel to Greece is the island of Delos. It is not far from the tourists' popular holiday destination, Mykonos. According to popular myths, this is the place were Artemis and Apollo were born.


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Each year, hospital efforts to provide local community support add up to more than $4.2 billion across Florida. These benefits include care provided to patients without insurance and unable to afford care; community programs such as fitness classes, vaccine clinics and stop-smoking support.
Educational programs and materials, support groups, and classes are often open to the public. Click here for more information on programs that might be available in your local community.


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Artifact Details
TitleJ. Presper Eckert
Catalog Number102649743
TypeStill Image
Identifying Numbers
|Other number
|Other number
Dimensions9 x 8 in.
FormatPhotographic print
DescriptionThis is a black and white side profile shot of J. Presper Eckert against a white background. He is wearing a suit and tie and looking towards the right side of the image. Written on recto side at the bottom right corner is "ECKERT". Written in red pencil on verso side is "R-52" and in blue ink pen "J. Presper Eckert, Jr. Remington Road Eckert-Mauchly Div.". Written in pencil on verso side is "Used in IRE Bulletin. Returned for your future use E.W. Blodgett". Written in pencil on small white round lable on original protective sleeve was "1152-1".
CategoryPublicity photograph; Identification photograph; Portrait photograph
SubjectEckert, J. Presper, Jr.
Collection TitleJ. Pres Eckert papers
Series TitlePhotographs
CreditPurchase of the Computer History Museum
Lot NumberX3115.2005
Related Records
|J. Presper Eckert
|J. Presper Eckert


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Undergrad Program Links
- Degree Requirements
- Undergraduate Internship Program
- Honors Program in CJ
- Undergraduate Courses
- Admissions
- Applications
- Semester Schedule
- BA/MA Programs
Related Link
Living-Learning Communities
Undergraduate Internship Program
The University at Albany criminal justice major is a program that develops qualitative and quantitative research skills, and provides students with a foundation in relevant legal and social science knowledge. In order to enrich and compliment the theory-based program, we have expanded the undergraduate curriculum to include an internship experience.
Internships are intended to give advanced students an opportunity to learn how to effectively apply their university studies to work in relevant professional settings. Internships thus differ from independent study projects in that the major component of an internship involves the student actively taking part in the work of an off-campus agency or organization.
One of the strengths of the Criminal Justice internship program is the dedication to combining an academic component with the field placement. It is this partnership that will best serve the student and assist them in making the most of their internship opportunity.
You must be a Senior-level Criminal Justice major with a cumulative GPA of 2.5 or higher.
The internship should represent a bridge between the student's academic work and the student's professional growth. The particular internship should be seen as a coherent part of the student's academic program, not an isolated episode.
The student and the host agency or organization must arrange for specific responsibilities or projects to which the student will be assigned as an intern. These responsibilities must draw in some way on knowledge and skills the student acquired in university studies. This requirement is designed to protect the student from being assigned to just menial tasks from which little learning can result, and to ensure that the academic purpose of internships, as stated above, is achieved.
The student's on-site work must be supervised and evaluated by a knowledgeable professional. It is not productive for an intern to be in a situation where nobody in the host agency or organization is sufficiently knowledgeable to evaluate the student's performance and provide constructive feedback. This supervisor will be required to make a formal evaluation of the student's performance, in writing, be delivered to the faculty sponsor.
Because an internship is a learning experience in which certain knowledge and skills come to be applied in practical situations, the student is expected to demonstrate that he or she has reflected upon and learned those applications. Such learning can usually be fostered by readings in journals and books about the methods or goals of the host agency or organization, or can be demonstrated by written work, based on the readings on the student's experiences, aimed at analyzing specific projects in which the student engaged and/or organization and operations of the host agency or organization.
In order to fully address the academic component and create an experience in which the student is able to connect the academic with the internship, we have developed a co-requisite system. CRJ493 is being offered as a co-requisite with CRJ494 so that the student remains connected with the University setting and meets with faculty and other students on internships. The purpose of this class is to allow the student to examine the internship experience and their role in the agency. Students will be expected to keep a journal and be prepared to discuss their experience at the weekly meetings. Additional specific readings and written assignments in the academic component are to be determined by the instructor for CRJ493.
According to section 207 of the New York State Education Law (4/20/80), 45 hours of instruction and/or supplementary work are required for each academic credit awarded. Hence, a 3 credit internship must involve a total of at least 135 hours of on-site and academic work.
For the Criminal Justice internship program, there will be a combination of on-site and in-class participation. Students will receive 3 credits for their on-site activity and 3 credits for the classroom experience. Students MUST register for BOTH sections in order to receive any internship credits.
Students will receive a grade of S/U for the internship 494 and A/E grading for 493 – the seminar. Students must successfully complete BOTH sections in order to receive credit for EITHER.
Each internship will be held during one academic semester – internships will ONLY be offered during the Fall and Spring terms.
Download the internship application materials.
The NYS Department of Civil Service hosts the New New York Leaders Student Internship Portal. Interested students can search for and apply to preferred internships throughout New York State. Visit the portal at https://nysinternships.cs.ny.gov/nnyl/ for more information.


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My Spin On Paranormal
While I'd been a reader of paranormal romance for years, I was a general fiction writer until just a few years ago. For me, paranormal romance had been an escape from the world around me. I could open a book and be transported to whatever world the author had built and encounter whatever paranormal creature the author had created. My favorite has always been the vampire. The idea that a being could be so old—and seen so much of the world—and still be young and virile has always hooked me. When I began thinking of writing a paranormal romance, the vampire was a definite consideration for the main character. How could he not be? But then one night in a dream I created my idea of a paranormal character in Aeveren.
Aeveren have three distinct paranormal facets about them. They can have powers above what humans possess, like telepathy and the ability to time travel; they have destined ones, other Aeveren they are drawn to across time and distance; and they live fifty lives through reincarnation.
I especially liked the idea of reincarnation for my paranormal characters. In reality, there's nothing new under the sun in all the genres of romance. If you think of it, you can find it somewhere already in a story. While I hadn't read any romances with reincarnated characters, I naturally assumed the concept existed somewhere already. That said, I loved the idea that any of my characters could have multiple lifetimes from the past to incorporate into their stories. I love history (an occupational hazard as a history teacher) and the chance to visit my favorite periods in time with my characters was exciting for me as a writer.
In Destiny Redeemed, I included some of each main character's past. For instance, readers get to find out about Amon's time in late 18th century England and Thea's time in mid-19th century Russia, both of which let the reader know important facets to their personalities. They both have many lifetimes other than these, some of which I allude to, but the focus is always more on how those pasts have affected them than anything else.
Here's a taste of Thea's past from Destiny Redeemed:
"He must live! Heal him!" the Tsar's guard bellowed next to her head, so loud her ears began to ring.
"I cannot help him if you continue to berate me," she said looking up at him. "I'll do what I can, but yelling at me won't help him."
"What is your name, healer?" the guard asked as he adjusted his hold on his gun.
"Yevtsye Karevshenko, sir."
"And you are the local healer here?" he asked as his eyes scanned her small house in disgust.
"I am. There isn't another healer until you reach the border."
The guard seemed even more disgusted by this news and snorted before going outside to speak to the other guards.
Turning to the man who lay across her table, she gently ran her hands over his head. He'd been rendered unconscious after a mysterious attack had thrown him from his horse and her Aeveren neighbors, seeing the Russian Tsar Nicholas I was a fellow Aeveren, directed his guards to bring him to her.
For more than a half hour, he'd laid there unconscious while Yevtsye tried to revive him and dealt with his guard's intimidation and impatience. She'd examined him but found nothing physically wrong, except for his inability to wake.
Over and over, she touched his head hoping to sense some feeling of pain but felt nothing. She moved her hands to his torso, opening the top of his heavy military uniform coat. Carefully, she unbuttoned each shiny gold button until she was able to see his white uniform shirt underneath. As she moved to lift it, the guard returned and placed the end of the gun's barrel in her back.
"What are you doing?" he barked.
Terrified, she slowly lifted her hands and began to explain. "I cannot find anything wrong with his head. I want to check his chest and stomach." As she spoke, her voice wavered as the feel of the gun in her back began to hurt.
The guard retreated to the other side of the table and watched her movements carefully. Slowly, she lifted her patient's shirt to examine his skin for any evidence of illness or injury. Her hands moved over his rough skin sprinkled with thick black hair, and she noted each section of his body until she turned to the guard.
"There is no reason for him to not wake. I've checked him thoroughly, and I can find nothing."
Enraged, the guard lunged at her over the patient's legs, pushing her back against the wall. As she pleaded for mercy, he slapped her face repeatedly, causing her to cry out in pain. Finally, he pulled her by the hair back toward the Tsar and held her there.
"Heal him or die. It's that simple."
Tears rolled down over her cheeks and fell onto the man's chin and neck as she prayed for a miracle to save both the Tsar's life and hers. Nothing in her abilities as a healer seemed to help her revive him.
Beneath her, she saw the slight flutter of his eyelashes as he began to wake. Hoping to God he wasn't about to die, she gently stroked his face as she whispered to him.
"Tsar, please wake. Are you well?"
The patient's dark brown eyes opened slowly, and Yevtsye thanked God for hearing her prayers.
Gruffly, he asked the guard, "Ivan, where am I?"
"My lord, right outside the village where you were thrown from your horse."
Slowly, the Tsar raised himself to sit upright and looked at Yevtsye as if to study her. He turned to face his man and ordered, "Get the guard ready. I'm ready to travel."
Ivan bowed and left to alert his men of the plans, and the Tsar said, "Did he hurt you?"
Silently, she nodded and touched her hand to her still stinging cheek.
"I'm sorry, healer. Ivan isn't Aeveren. He has no respect for what you do."
"He threatened to kill me if I couldn't heal you, but I found no injuries or illness to heal."
Standing, he held his hand out to her and explained, "I have the shaking sickness my mother had.
Nobody but my personal healer knows this, but I foolishly left him at home."
Bowing his head slightly, the Tsar apologized for inconveniencing her and left with his men without another word.
What she'd gone through at Amon's was nothing compared to having her life threatened by a Russian soldier. Thea thought about the time she'd spent at Amon's house, wishing she could tell Kat the wonderful news that finally she'd been given a destined one. Unfortunately, even he didn't believe that was true.
My characters can remember their lifetimes before this one, which is a blessing and a curse at times. I love the idea of having former lifetimes. I can imagine myself as a flapper in the 1920s, maybe an Englishwoman in the 1800s, and even a Roman or Greek citizen in ancient times.
What about you? Can you see yourself anytime in the past?
Drawn to the seductive Amon, Thea quickly becomes a pawn the Council uses to trap him. Taken prisoner by the sadistic leader of the rebel group, the Soren, Thea must survive the vicious world of the people hellbent on taking her destined one away forever, and Amon must risk everything dear to him to free her from those who would sacrifice her to claim the bigger prize and return him to Nil.
Places to purchase:
| Amazon | Barnes & Noble | ARe Romance | Smashwords |
**Author Info**
An avid reader of all types of books, I read my first romance even before I was a teenager. I must have been a very precocious young lady! I still remember the book, if not the title. It was about a Southern man during the years before the Civil War and his illicit affair with one of the slaves of a woman he "frequented". I remember vividly reading the word "manhood" often in the book, and the slave's name was Sukie. Isn't it amazing what the mind can remember?
Fast forward a couple dozen years and I'm a college history instructor. I still love history as much as that romantic young woman did, so I teach it to college students, and the romantic streak has never gone away. Now I get to do things that have to do with my other favorite love: romance novels.
The idea for my first book came to me in a dream. I know that seems almost cliched, but it did. I woke up one morning after having an extremely vivid dream and began to jot things down that I was able to remember. Days later, I had the first pages written and the ideas that I had dreamed about had become the characters in my first book. Those characters are the basis for the first series I've written, The Destined Ones Series, about a people called Aeveren who have lived side by side with humans since almost the beginning of recorded time. The first book in that series, Stolen Destiny, was published in June.
I'm still working on The Destined Ones books, and I look forward to what my imagination has waiting for me next. The second book about Aeveren, Destiny Redeemed, is scheduled to be released on October 13. I've finished the Victorian Erotic Romance Trilogy, three erotic novellas set in Victorian England. The first one, Vampire Dreams, is a paranormal erotic romance. The second novella, another erotic romance but an historical, Love's Master, involves some light BDSM. The third novella, Masquerade, is a straight historical, no kink or paranormal. After that, a paranormal romance set in the great city of New Orleans is up in December--Blood Avenged. Anyone who read Vampire Dreams will remember Vasilije, Brandon's sire. Blood Avenged is his story.
After that? Well, I'm in the planning stages of another trilogy, this time maybe novel length, that will come out in 2012. But one thing's for sure: no matter what the story is, it will involve gorgeous, Alpha male heroes; strong heroines; and steamy romance!
Places to find Gabrielle:
Gabrielle will be giving away a total of seven copies of Destiny Redeemed tour-wide. To enter just fill out this form.


text:
GOP, Obama at Odds Fiscal Cliff 'Opening Bid'
Obama's opening bid asks for $1.6 trillion tax increase, $50 billion economic-stimulus and power to raise the debt limit; Palestinians become a 'nonmember' state at the UN; Windows 8 has slow sales; A race to sell stock before fiscal cliff. Photo: AP
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
... the the ... good morning welcome to the New Saab I'm Ralf Winkler ... president Obama certainly feels Dolata leverage winning election that's the fiscal cliff negotiations or he died ... the presidents tilting heated negotiations has ... been a protest has been very provocative set of demands ... Janet Hook now joins us from Washington to discuss them Jennifer morning ... so this is prompted speaker banner to Billy dial back a lot of documents by one of the play us out by forty first ... first ... despite the claims of the president supports a balanced approach ... the Democrats ... have yet to get serious ... about real spending cuts ... secondly ... no substantive progress of the made no talks ... between the White House and the house over the last two weeks ... this is not again ... Janet was the president asking for ... the puzzle then they discussed yesterday when I was Secretary of Treasury Secretary underwent and will meet separately with the with each of the four ... congressional leaders the most important speaker banner ... the president's ... aam demands that I'm that that that what he wanted was one point six trillion in tax cuts over ten years ... the four hundred billion me an instrument of Medicare savings ... and a host of other things including aam proposal to ... basically any easier to raise the federal debt limit ... the eight billion dollars in economic stimulus money ... so that's saying that cutting spending ... it was ... the president's wish list I'm ... we were really surprised me ... these aren't these are things that he stands for before ... I went to the Republicans that is they thought this was the time for the present Obama just any concessions not bring his wish list okay now is the one spoken of bounds ... cuts of any kind yet really deatails some of them ... the president's proposal to include some ... proposed cuts but not many details ... I will tell you that I'm deferring be ... the automatic spending cuts that are taking a bit different for urine and having ... some offsetting cuts ... announced as the story it was up in some of them I didnt ... on the farm bill savings part subsidies ... and as they say he did propose for ... billion in mid air their entitlement cuts but didn't say how is she was there mostly behind proposals that he had in his budget plan ... which were in the case in a carelessly cost providers ... of health care not to beneficiaries is the Republicans make an interesting point here that ... they did those cuts don't actually really address Medicare is ... really structural problems for instance by raising the eligibility age for retirees ... I mean this site seems that those kinds of issues are going to be addressed by just in the FAA rate now why it's so ... Mr. the team is only part of bigger brighter negotiation ... that ... both Republicans and Democrats are in demand next year ... which would involve both ... overhauling the tax code and performing entitlements now get out and ... there's not much longer ... before ... Congress goes away for Christmas and a fearsome Democrats to make an inch in point here ... that may be going over the cliff ... would be a good idea ... and to the extended actually gives Republicans a little bit of leverage ... of course they've signed Grover Norquist is tax pledge ... to go over the cliff all the taxes go up ... to anything after that is technically a tax cut ... and he does that does that me being ... in and give us an interested to just go ahead and go over the cliff and dial it back really quickly after in in in early January ... I don't think so and ... most people think that if if we win over the ... cliff it would ... under ... Republicans leverage ... aam ... I mean they ... I really wants to go anywhere I ... guess now I don't think we will ... consider the beach ... it was a windy mountain and tactical political positioning he really do worry that it'll rattled markets and ... the good that the economy ... so I just think that when people talk about being ready to go over the cliff ... it's just for ... it's a matter of leverage in ... negotiations to avoid it OK Janet thanks so much for joining us this morning ... the debt ... and stay with WS J live for fiscal cliff coverage will have all your updates throughout the month of December ... Palestinians got new recognition at the UN on Thursday over the objections of the U S Israel ... is now Palestine is now a non member observer state akin to the Vatican stature in the world body ... Joe Lauria was that the United Nations is that the United Nations ... I and were also joined by Josh Mitnick whose Intel of the of ... the Joinus now cavorting Gemin ... or ... will it sell ... what is the practical impact ... of this boat I was I Joe I wanna ask you that first ... well the immediate practical impact ... in fact it takes for things stirred that we're looking at the equation of Harvard trained most of us to start a party and maths ... she ... what impact it might have on the Israeli general election in January ... and Dom ... it could be ... added ... it could ... spur or delay for the resumption final settlement talks ... and finally the really impact the one that I think that Israel's most worried about is whether the Palestinians will use this upgrade to ... join their treaties ... and agencies of the UN ... including the introduction criminal Court which they could bring ... charges of war crimes against Israel ... not exterminate Israel is no respect at all seven of the ... journal or of the Sea Treaty which give them ... rights over the church or warriors Gaza ... where this the blockade of course and their air space over the West Bank ... and Gaza ... and on for ... a fortune for them the Congress in the US has threatened to de fund ... not only ... the Palestinians ... the West the tie which its target nine dollars ... and thirty one United States ... to beef up with any agency that United ... Palestinian should join ... ok ok what shape is the US doesn't belong to ... okay now I want to ... Susan Rice the United States and ambassador ... I ... had this to say ... today is unfortunate ... and counterproductive resolution ... place is further obstacles ... in the path to peace ... that is why ... the United States voted against it ... Josh ... is ... echoing that Israeli Prime Minister and on Yahoo ... it basically said the prospects for peace or more remote ... after this vote ... interesting Lee is foreign ministers said ... he in effect if you wanna take their confrontation international bodies there will be a firm response ... which will be just decided on into course what firm response t think the Palestinians can expect from Israel ... um ... you know it all had a ... at a variety of ... folk the variety of ... being at their disposal ... of but it from economic sanctions that they could impose a ... two run to expanding a settlement ... activity in the West Bank ... um ... how Weber up his seat in importance to note that ... the ... that the ... department after two weeks before the vote ... of gratitude ... less than the toppling of ... of ... the tothe doctor ... held that the party he was ... every week ... the sort of of walk ... walk that back into the note that comment ... that is what will we ... respond in ... due course that the time it is true that it is keeping it deliberately ... they ... think that ... most analysts to say that Israel is not going to want to do something ... so extreme that it leads to the US ... to the toppling of the ... house in a party that would actually boomerang in trouble with that with the euro with the responsibility for administering the territory ... which prompted a lot of money ... it would be a little bit ... it would be good ... it did after her arrest so jealous that they did their isn't very easy response your freeze Alford said in a lot of people view this though ... correct me if I'm wrong as a way to effectively in power ... Foxconn has that conflict in Gaza ... empowered to rival Hamas ... and now more moderate forces people are hoping a more moderate forces can post here ... the sooner the better to negotiate ... with Israel ... in the city and the resolution that that's the good in this observer states exposure to the starting ... of the talks and it's important to note that the resolution does not mention ... a longstanding condition ... of the House in at thirty that Israel freeze settlements for talks ... so the bulls Now noodles or they can ... pick this up and ... been shut down and negotiate a doubt that will happen before the election ... and as we've heard from ... Mr Danielle from Susan Rice the stock likely to happen ... so the things can happen right now ... to the time being ... okay ... well the election ... and and here was by the way Mr Netanyahu's ... speech after though ... the only way to achieve peace ... the two agreements ... that are reached by the parties directly ... through ... direct negotiations between themselves ... and up to one resolutions and completely ignore ... Israel's vital security and national interests ... and because his resume financial ones that ... doesnt investors ... the bushes about ... just when you think is the next step here ... that alone are looking at right now ... um ... yeah I think that there are ... Joe referred to love or are there there there are several options on top of the top of that of the pot ... um ... he could go all the good of a re ... energize the effort to ... reconcile with a pot ... of it ... if the diplomatic achievement to give them a boost ... it is too ... um it as well as the hub bought that awful feeling it ... a one point nine ... domestic public opinion after of the confronting Israel the dot ... com outbidding and certainly one ... of the stocks and the Hamas to to reconcile ... that that they're they're very strictly a shoot I you know it's it's the ... it's been five years and coming into the region ... has it that can tie that there's ... that it does or doesn't want to compete with each other the other option at that job mentioned restarting negotiations over an app that will work out the week for ... I'd be would be what is really copper but what new Israeli government emerges after the election ... Josh Mitnick Intel Bijal laureate United Nations say so much for giving us this morning ... well Microsoft's response to the I pad isn't going so well nearly eight cents next ... the I pad is hammering of Micra soft in its PC partners at Sinai pad of course that's the Micra soft surface ... but anyway this offer copies Micra soft answer is off to a slow start ... the new when we're talking about the new Windows eight operating system which ... no when we talk about operate system sounds boring but actually this is Micra soft first that enables a touch screen of course ... and it isn't a hot seller this holiday season George stall tech editor news wires ... why not ... while I think we're still waiting to see what is going to drive people and into the store to buy both on these two level then also drive businesses ... to buy to upgrade their and their PC line ... and and so far and has even been doing much of the now ... taking a step back for second ... in the midst of the area safe from the NPD have some heavy estimate need to get out of that but but beware those numbers that the doing the work they said they said this The over the four weeks ending November seventeen ... aam ... sales of Windows without devices fell twenty one percent versus last year for me yes are right now kept the cabbie us is that one of these numbers don't reflect sales at big retailers like Walmart Best Buy Suffolk and doesn't reflect sales ... from Micra soft website or from the Mike soft store Sudeep opened up recently to to push their devices so ... you receive CA us now in but ... having said that those are still to be in a bikini elite that service through Micra soft either online or through the store so ... he added ... the game at capturing that plus the sales were through November seventeen so we missed Black Friday ... okay so so and in any sales and and and and my commenters on that ... having said that though it does and in fuel to the perception ... that Windows eight is not going to be ... the ... instrument that turns around declining PC sales are we seeing a lot now ... a couple other issues here and in remember when you see things from Eicher soft here as a post even Apple or some pushing the envelope this basically merges ... their ... Windows eight takes what the what is the laptop desktop operating system ... and and merged it with their ... and their new mobile athletes may become the same thing with Apple ... you have a different ... you know different user interface for email your MacBook Air versus euro tablet I lesson and and and and OSX or are different things ... now ... a couple things that date he interest me here are one ... now ... we've we've only started ... with ... part ... of Windows eight so the devices that are out so far ... are the ones that don't work with Intel chips bright and this is important rated good but retailers because the Intel chips Ophir what you find in PCs and a more sophisticated thinking they could do more processing ... but they're bigger and more expensive ... the chip center in the surface now are the ones you see in smartphones and eye pads and I pad for it says that they've been list longer ... to be told they can do as many things as the intelligent ... who wanted the Intel chip will be coming out over the next month of ten and the prices for them cannot be estimated and the price will that I and and and there have been priced in and I wanted to it doesn't tolerate but they're really more for the business user and who needs it at prices that are to run spreadsheets and and down and had plenty to play here because the people who buy a ... Windows Windows software typically ... are ... enterprises right that's that that's that's the big fire and they may be waiting for one thing ... you know as compatible as Intel chip and therefore is compatible with ... his Ackman old applications their old software drag on as one of the businesses right now on a leader to spend on this that the fight anyway the IQ deep and more focused on spending on are the stuff like layout ... and virtualization software suffered adware ... the kit costs and benefits from using this type of software and I mean that it's still ... not take anything away from Apple here because in the day ... it enterprises are the ones that again a half to support ... when you see ... I mean to get use to be a consumer business for PCs right the red as they were cheaper than Apple devices ... now people are finding that the I pad which is cheaper than a Mac computer ... is perfectly fine and will buy that and that's ... you know it's cheap is a cheap laptop ... we buy debt and it basically Idol's feels like the system placing ... a huge part of of the consumer and of of of the PC market ... given that people use their computers and tablets to consume media check e-mail watch video watch watch movies and such ... you can have that experience allowed the Journal of the new tablet PC concealed needed peace and and and one of the problem here is that ... it's not just the surface of course Mike SUP that's its own device here with Windows eight but ... all of its ... well not all of its partners HP doesn't have the windows ... the device with with this new armchair Windows eight and the new version when ... I get the problem with Intel ... but Lenovo has PCs down ... doled out as some other folks too ... cannot believe that ... pleasing to the user ID Tim Cook is as Apple CEOs made the point ... where if you try combine a laptop and PC and Ana Ana tablets maybe not that we see ensure an awful lot of those ... there hasn't ... yet they're on they're they're they're kind of bulky and indeed they are not ... Greek machines right and now we're starting the reports out of the ... that there been cutbacks in the quarters for Micra soft supplies may be cutting in half again the noise in the wee guy just for the circus or is that blizzard for the Surface ok but but but again you know we yet to be where it is like times and then there's this information comes out from the supply chain many factors in each and stuff like that were to be misinterpreted still though just adds that perception ... that the Surface and window eight devices are not registering with consumer services to skip took a ... few more weekends ago holiday shopping yes maybe like something a little bit of that this will say we well thanks for joining such a ... and we got him in an interview clip with CBS said Les Moonves coming up ... CBS President and CEO Les Moonves is the reigning King of network television as his network is perched atop the prime-time ratings ... most recently sat down with the beest live Simon Constable handle CBS is seeing strong revenue from TV advertising and companies like Netflix even ... in all starts out with content ... I think what what more terse Kiddle ... is a combination of yes the older shows ... but you know what it did issue that last year we had the Number Warrandyte new comedy been too broke girls there is no such thing as the bus ... numbers ... and ... they did that pretty much I ... would have added much ... the ... little boy in the new drama in person of interest ... worth the money ... that's good ... got some unknown starts ... and so I think a great network Skittles though is a combination of the ... older shows like CSI is what the and stances ... combined with some of them do it ... and you can see the full interview with Les Moonves aunt WS J dot com ... now Morgan a move over well to tax rates are very likely go up even if present Obama and speaker brainer agree to a deficit deal were talking about ... taxes on dividends and capital gains ... investors are paying attention and some are racing to take advantage of this year's lower rates tells the most are deals reporter IPO reporting here to tells about it Ellis ... we've got the tenants an interesting Khona movement in Lebanon ... from a lot of different companies ... reacting ahead of the fiscal cliff that's right I'm it's it's ... the the situation is that if your company or read if you're an investor usually ... it owns a stake in in in a company that recently went public for his curly publicly best private shares he still own the company ... has a pretty good time to sell that stock because ... you think the price but the Louvre better next year ... he gets a potentially you know ... several percentage points by doing that still ahead of capital gains taxes may be going up next year ok Starbucks is a company that that is in the middle of all this fits right it's also good for deals for for dealmakers make us sell your privately held company ... to public company to another company ... is adapted to Teavana ... was one that was saying OK ... and we look to sell a company we want to deal with Starbucks ... we might as well go and try and get this thing done before the end of this year due to avoid a marginal ... tax you know I'm ... the charges they make an exit so and and it really is a way ... to track things going on because France deals like that prison we ... are in reaction to ... potential ... increases in the long term capital gains ... right right so see you got a couple of different ... potential Texan areas next year looks like a lot people least expect people to capital gains tax rate it is a long-term capital Keynes tax rates if you when given that were bought shares in very low price like private company was very young he might've ... gotten in for a dollar something is a venture capitalist ... now you're looking to sock it might be ... in ten twenty thirty times that much ... or ... alternatively you might get investors a company that wants to return with cash to shareholders baby can do ... the sale of stock in the market is a stock is doing so well are some things they might pay dividends well dividend rates are probably giving golden years when you wanna get this down and out the door right now it's well that's right and and this is inching because that is another wrinkle here which is ... secondary share sales from B ... C private equity investors they may own stock and alot companies and if you are looking to ... you now ... don't think ... they might as well dump it ... ahead of potentially I kept gains increase that's right if you're going to be selling any weight is really no reason to not trying at least do it ... this month ... word via lot to do it the last few months we lose what we've been hearing that taxes and motivating some deals it is as businesses are you know he was in the summer either be ETP samples of in particular private equity ... dumping shares second year shares in the marketplace while I'm you know that I would miss ethical character is is dumping the needs of in the article we use the example of um ... you know KKR bid on something called Rockwood Holdings they've they've been in the company for many years they've been slowly selling that stock since two thousand and five ... aam ... you know what what we use it is is is that the reason they might've moved ahead with this let's say ole ... head of the end of the year is because you know it this year the millet the tax rates can be ... next year the not so sure with tax rates going to be so ... again it is a company they were exiting anyway ... just ... you try to get this stuff done for the end of the year ... despite its kind in choppy markets deserve interesting some companies have tried to do secondary offerings and trauma due to market conditions ... ALM so you know it's not every company be confused why we're not quite seen explosive deal making is the markets ... are in a silly that September ... ok tells the most they so much for joining us it's right ... and thank you for joining us on the news of this morning I'm Ralf Winkler ...