text:
videosniffer is the fastest and easiest way to download videos from youtube, twitter, facebook, dailymotion, soundcloud and many other sites with ease.
The primary motivation behind videosniffer was our friends and family who were asking us for help with downloading their videos from different sites. You know, when you are THE IT guy of your family, everybody treats you as their personal technical support.But we are nice guys so we wanted to give them way how to download desired videos by themself without constantly asking us for the help.
videosniffer is free and always will be, downloading videos never been this easy.


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The holidays can be challenging for families living with Alzheimer's or another dementia. With some planning and adjusted expectations, your celebrations can still be happy, memorable occasions.
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Memory loss that disrupts daily life may be a symptom of Alzheimer's or another dementia. If you notice any of the warning signs in yourself or someone you know, please see your doctor.
Know the 10 Signs
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Learn About Our Efforts to End Alzheimer's
Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia. It causes problems with memory, thinking and behavior.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Edited by Eli Eliav
ISSN 0033-6572 (print) • ISSN 1936-7163 (online)
February 2008
39 , Issue
Chairside evaluation of pH-lowering activity and lactic acid production of dental plaque: Correlation with caries experience and incidence in preschool children
Koichi Shimizu, DDS, PhD/Koei Igarashi, DDS, PhD/Nobuhiro Takahashi, DDS, PhD
Objectives: Because caries activity may be related to dental plaque acidogenicity, a method was developed for chairside evaluation of pH-lowering activity and lactic acid production by dental plaque. Moreover, this study examined the association of these 2 factors with caries experience on oral examination and with caries activity by following caries incidence for 4 years in a group of preschool children. Method and Materials: A dental plaque sample (2.4 �L) was collected from sound buccal surfaces of maxillary primary second molars using a spoon excavator and placed onto the sensor area of a portable pH meter. Sucrose (30 �L, 228 mmol) was mixed with the plaque sample, and pH changes were monitored for 10 minutes. After pH determination, lactic acid concentration in the plaque-sucrose mixture was measured using a portable lactate meter. Results: Caries experience of subjects correlated with minimum pH (at 10 minutes after sucrose addition) (r = �0.53, P < .001) and lactic acid production (r = 0.38, P < .001). In addition, increments of both primary tooth caries (?dft) and permanent tooth caries (?DFT) for 4 years correlated with minimum pH (r = �0.47, P < .005 and r = �0.38, P < .05, respectively). Setting cutoff values of pH and lactic acid concentration at 5.0 and 7.0 mmol/L for ?dft allows screening for caries-susceptible subjects (sensitivity = 0.950 and 0.800, specificity = 0.391 and 0.783, respectively). Conclusion: Plaque in caries-susceptible preschool children displays greater pH-lowering activity and lactic acid production. This method can be applied as a chairside screening test for caries activity and susceptibility for preschool children in dental clinics. (Quintessence Int 2008;39:151�158)
Key words: caries experience, caries incidence, chairside evaluation, dental plaque, lactic acid, pH
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Larger doorways, roomier seats in airlines, more forgiving clothing — it's a fact that more and more people today are getting larger around the middle. Obesity rates have more than tripled since 1980.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), excess weight is linked to a wide range of health problems, such as mental health issues, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and even certain types of cancer.
Two Causes of Heartburn and Acid Issues Most Doctors Ignore
If you suffer from heartburn or acid reflux, here's important news: New research shows that your problems may be caused by two hidden triggers that the ""solutions"" most doctors recommend fail to address. You see, most heartburn remedies only treat your symptoms. They do nothing to address the underlying cause of your discomfort.
So today I'm going to show you how to quickly and safely relieve your heartburn and reflux issues by combatting the true causes that, unfortunately, too many doctors overlook.
Not only is obesity associated with the top causes of death world wide, it places incredible strain on health care systems as well. In fact, obesity-related health care costs the U.S. an estimated 147 billion annually, nearly 21% of our annual medical spending.
This should be mind blowing to most of us.
While calories consumed and burned are the underlying cause of weight problems, a recent study has discovered that calories aren't the sole cause of America's weight gain, but suggests that there are other factors at play.
The Risk Factors of Today's Obesity Epidemic
In a study led by Professor Jennifer Kuk and funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, researchers looked at the dietary data of 36,400 adults between 1971 and 2008. They compared three factors: macronutrients consumed, total calories and exercise. The findings revealed that if all three factors were identical between an individual in 1988 and an individual of the same age in 2006, the individual from 2006's body mass index would still be approximately 10 percent higher. In summary, the modern day individual is more likely to be obese.
The researchers identified the five areas that may be influencing weight gain today:
- Stress: long term, chronic stress affects your brain and can increase hunger as well as contribute to poor eating habits like stress eating.
- Environmental toxins: modern homes and household products are full of toxins, such as BPAs, PCBs, agricultural pesticides and fire retardants, which have an affect on the human body.
- Food quality: additives and preservatives are more widespread in foods today versus years ago, when locally sourced or home grown foods were more plentiful.
- RX drugs: some common prescription drugs, such as steroids or antidepressants, have a known side affect of weight gain.
- Gut microbes: highly processed meats and foods, a staple of many modern diets, create an intestinal imbalance in which unhealthy intestinal bacteria are in abundance.
Easy Steps to Avoid Weight Gain
While daily caloric intake versus calories burned remains the underlying factor in maintaining a healthy weight, these findings support taking a closer look the big picture. In addition to what you are eating and your daily fitness, examine the outside factors to which you are exposed.
Positive steps to take include:
- Fill your diet with organic, whole foods to minimize consumption of additives and preservatives. For a simple guide to shopping organic produce, check out our article The 15 Foods You Must Buy Organic.
- Maintain a realistic and enjoyable regular exercise routine. The CDC recommends following the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans here.
- Increase your daily dose of probiotics and probiotic foods to foster a healthy intestinal balance.
- Buy environmentally-friendly household products to reduce the chemicals to which your family is exposed. Or, consider making your own products. Discover the best homemade natural alternatives to cleaning products in 5 Worst Chemicals in Your Cleaning Products (and the Safe Alternatives to Use Instead).
Obesity is a serious problem, and embracing any changes to fight back is a positive step. In addition to helping to maintain a healthy weight, many of these factors serve to support good health in general and have a positive impact on the environment.
Debbie Swanson is a freelance writer, published in numerous national and local outlets. An avid vegetarian, animal lover and reader, she loves learning about healthy eating and finding natural cures for everyday ailments.


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The Fin
Real Name: Peter Noble
Identity/Class: Human mutant or mutate
Occupation: Ruler of Neptunia, former U.S. Reserves Naval Engineer
Affiliations: member of the U.S.Navy
Enemies: Barracuda (German U-Boat commander), Ikor
Known Relatives: Silver Age None
Aliases: Super-Shark, Sharpshooter of the Sub-Sea
Base of Operations: Neptunia
First Appearance: Daring Mystery Comics #7 (Timely Comics, April 1941)
Powers/Abilities: The Fin can survive underwater without mechanical assistance. He can both breathe while submerged and is resistant to the incredible pressures of the extreme depths. He has superhuman strength (that of "twenty men"), is a good fighter, and a superhumanly fast swimmer. If he does not submerge himself on a regular basis, his strength lessens, until he is terribly weakened. He is armed with an enchanted cutlass which can cut through most substances, including other metals. The cutlass has also served to slow down his aging, so that he remains fit and healthy in spite of the years since he began adventuring.
History: (Daring Mystery Comics #7, ga) Peter Noble was a U.S. Naval officer whose submarine suffered a terrible accident which consigned it to the depths of the ocean. Trapped in the sinking vessel, he grabbed an oxygen tank and tried to swim to safety, knowing full well that the pressure this far down should kill him. However he is shocked to realise that it doesn't affect him. Wishing to avenge his dead shipmates, he made his home in an undersea cave and swore a vow to battle any and all evils on or above the oceans, adopting the identity of the Fun.
(Daring Mystery Comics #8, ga) The Fin discovered that he could breathe underwater unaided too. Exploring, he discovers an underwater kingdom, Neptunia, inhabited by a race of aquatic people. After adventuring with them for a while, he becomes their ruler.
(Comedy Comics #9, ga) The Fin encounters a Nazi submarine commanded by the Barracuda, and battles this evil intruder in his realm. Later he uncovers a shipwreck from the previous century, and onboard he finds a cutlass undamaged by its long submersion. Discovering that it can cut through steel, he decides it must be enchanted. He visits Manhattan, where he battles Nazi spies, then captures a Nazi spy ship, and hands it over to the Coast Guard.
Comments: Created by Bill Everett.
The Fin only recently returned to the mainstream Marvel Universe, although his existence in the post-Golden Age universe has been confirmed a number of times. In Invaders I #5, his picture is seen in a newspaper article, telling of his capture of some Nazi spies. In Marvel Premiere #39 he is seen in a photograph alongside other Golden Age heroes. And in Avengers I #97 (which in the real world is actually the first of his "modern" appearances), Rick Jones conjured a copy of him up alongside several other heroes of the war era. Now he has returned properly as an ally of the modern-day incarnation of the Invaders.
Thanks to Jess Nevins for allowing me to use information from his excellent Golden Age Heroes Directory and his Guide to Golden Age Marvel Characters. Thanks also to Richard Boucher & Darrin Wiltshire @ PR-Publications for permission to use information from their equally brilliant collection of Golden Age Sites, PR Publications. Their knowledge of Golden Age characters far outstrips my own.
CLARIFICATIONS: None
Any Additions/Corrections? Please let me know.
Back to US Independents Page
All images and characters depicted on this site are copyright their respective holders, and are used for informational purposes only. No infringement is intended and copyrights remain at source.


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One of the privileges of being shadow culture secretary is being able to visit arts and cultural facilities around the country, and that's why I'm in Leeds today with my fellow Labour MP, Rachel Reeves. I'll be visiting the new Leeds Arena and the established Northern Ballet, great examples of culture flourishing outside of London. I'm also looking forward to hearing from the arts visionaries from across Yorkshire who are doing such important work.
Culture is central to our lives, and to the human spirit. It's central to the life of communities all over the country. And it must be central to our economic recovery, local and national. The creative industries account for 8% of our GDP as a country, and have the potential to grow at double the rate of any other sector. Culture is bread, as well as roses.
That's why what Labour did in government for the arts, culture and the creative industries is one of our proudest achievements. We introduced free entry to museums and galleries, boosted the film industry with tax credits and trebled the funding for the Arts Council. We also brought the Olympics to the UK.
This Tory-led government doesn't understand the arts. They have made swingeing cuts to funding: Arts Council England has had its budget cut by 30%. That's had a direct impact here in Leeds, with the Northern Ballet having its funding cut by a quarter and the well-respected Red Ladder Theatre Company suffering a near 40% cut. Other smaller, but equally ambitious and innovative arts organisations, are also being affected across the region and across the country.
These cuts mean less investment in community and educational programmes. And according to The Stage just yesterday, more than one in ten organisations that lost all of their funding have closed altogether or soon will. And this is hurting outside London – in Wolverhampton, Durham, the east Midlands, the west Midlands and elsewhere.
The culture secretary, Jeremy Hunt, takes an old-fashioned view. He hopes philanthropy will plug the gaps in these difficult times. But you can't always reply on philanthropy. Figures from Arts and Business show that the £28.5million generated from private giving in 2011 is plugging less than half the gap created by the cuts to the Arts Council of £71million. And with 81% of that private giving going to organisations in London, the regions will miss out even more.
And if it is the culture secretary's policy that philanthropy will make up for his cuts, it doesn't make sense that the Budget contained a cap on tax relief for charitable donations.
In the Labour Party, we know the importance of culture to individuals, communities and the economy. Dan Jarvis MP, our shadow arts minister, and I are travelling the country, visiting museums, galleries and arts organisations, talking to people in the arts and developing Labour's vision for the creative industries and the arts. Five key themes keep coming up:
Access to finance – making the City realise that creative industries are a good investment
Protection of copyright – so there's a sound basis for investment
Support for exports – when the Prime Minister leads a high level business delegation overseas, I want to see the creative industries represented
Young people and skills – making sure that the next generation have the right education and skills – to foster the designers, the technicians, the musicians and the animators of the future
And of course, a regional strategy for growth – everyone agrees we need to build a more balanced economy for the future, not just less reliant on financial services but also less reliant on London.
With arts funding cut, and with local authority funding cut, local councils across the country are facing really tough choices. Some will argue that, now the good times are over, arts are a luxury we can no longer afford. But we have to make the case for culture, and make the case for a creative fightback – it's at the centre of our lives, at the centre of our communities and must be at the centre of our economic recovery.
Harriet Harman MP is Deputy Leader of the Labour Party and Shadow Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport
Culture minister Ed Vaizey's reply to Harriet Harman is here. The Guardian Northerner's political columnist Ed Jacobs comments further here.


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Day 2 at Joe's Pizza on Sunset Blvd. in West Hollywood. It's Joe's second location in Los Angeles (the other one is in Santa Monica), the original is in on Bleeker Street in Manhattan, and there's another one in Brooklyn. I stop by, starving, and scarf down a New York slice. I bring 2 slices home for the hubby, a cheese and a fresh Mozzarella. I take a few bites of his slices while we chat over lunch.
"How do you like the pizza", I ask him. "Fine. It's not Mozza or Masa."
"Yeah, but those aren't NY slices, this is a different type of pizza all together, like Vitos." I say. "It's like Vitos, an average slice."he says.
"Yeah but the sauce, it's pretty good, I like the sweetness", I say. We talk a little about it and give it the thumbs up, especially at $2.50 a slice.
Joe's Pizza
8539 Sunset Blvd.
West Hollywood, CA 90069
(310) 358-0900


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Book Alyssa to Speak at your Event
To inquire about booking Alyssa for a speaking engagement,
Please send an email to [email protected]
Speech topics include:
You CAN Have It All: The 4 Essential Rules for Success & Satisfaction:
- Feeling overwhelmed from trying to get everything done? Is the most appealing part of your day, falling into bed exhausted? Alyssa will show you how to break this cycle in 4 easy steps!
Rediscover – Redefine: Identifying Your Core Priorities for a More Abundant Life:
- Tired of running the rat race and feeling like you'll never win? Alyssa will show you the road map to easily make a decision about any opportunity that comes your way a breeze!
Lose the Exhaustion and Step Into a Life that's Exhilarating!:
- Breaking Free from the Mindset of Guilt and into a Life that Honors You & Your needs.
Who Am I Now?:
- Discover Your Unique Purpose for This Chapter in Your Life.
Meaningful Relationships Aren't Just for Everyone Else:
- Discover Specific Actions For Genuine Relationships with Your Loved Ones.
I have had the blessing of Alyssa Johnson as a speaker and teacher on multiple occasions and she has always connected with her audience purposely and intimately. She is a gifted and enthusiastic communicator.
Paul Smith, Pastoral Care Pastor,
Christ's Church of Oronogo, MO
Even in just the past week, I've already used things I learned in your class. I felt much more confident talking to someone who is struggling with just one class.
Lauren LaCorte, Danville, IN
Alyssa gave very practical, helpful tips to start taking better care of myself.
Jenny Ellegood, MOPS Zionsville, IN
I appreciated that you don't overwhelm me with your training and experience but rather you equipped me with useful knowledge I can apply. I love that you're approachable and that you take questions and comments and incorporate them effectively into what you're teaching. You don't skip a beat, but just keep on track while helping us understand our responses when we have them during your presentation.
Laura Helton, Avon, IN
Your style is great! Total control of the workshop without being controlling! I enjoyed the info and the chance to come up with an action plan, but I also enjoyed watching you work.
Gina Tollini, Crawfordsville, IN
Alyssa Johnson – Brief Bio
Alyssa is a transformational coach and counselor for exhausted, busy working moms and creator of The Vibrantly Live System™, a proven step by step program that shows women how to cut the chaos out of their schedules so they have the time and energy to focus on what's truly important to them.
She received her Masters of Social Work degree in 1997 and then completed 2 years post-graduate training in order to become a Licensed Clinical Social Worker.
She began her career as a Child & Adolescent Therapist. But after working with only children and their families for a few years, she quickly saw the importance of working with the marriages as they are the core of any family. This shifted her counseling practice to working more specifically with couples and women.
After many years of noticing that a lot of the women she worked with didn't require counseling, but were instead looking for direction and skills to help them live a more productive & purposeful life, Alyssa launched her coaching services created specifically for moms in 2012.
Alyssa is the author of 4 books and has had hundreds of her articles published. She is also the author of a monthly women's column in the Icon Magazine.
What separates Alyssa's services from other transformational coaches is that she has over 20 years of experience working with hundreds of these moms. And as a former exhausted working mom; she knows the struggles and difficulties they experience firsthand! Because of this, her clients receive proven and extremely specific step by step information on exactly what they need to do to get rid of the chaotic schedule and enjoy their lives and their families more.
As a result, the ladies who work with her get results! They're able to let go of their worries about what others' think & focus on what truly matters – leaving a legacy they can be proud of for their children.


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Posted On: 12/16/18 1:41 PM
This week was filled with big performances. From big scoring outputs to cleaning the glass. All these guys deserve to be named player of the week, but who do you think is most deserving?
Raequan Battle 6'6 G. Marysville Pilchuck had a monster week, starting with a 31 point outing vs. Lynnwood. Then he exploded for a school record 43 points and 19 rebounds when Pilchuck faced Edmonds Woodway.
Ryan Moffett 6'0 G. Odessa has been putting together big scoring numbers since his freshmen year were he averaged 28 points per. This week was no different. He had a 37points in his season debut, followed by a 34 point outing in only 17 minutes. Efficient.
Jake Elfstrom 6'5 W. Liberty put up 40 points and 10 rebounds Tuesday. Which I'm sure had something to do with him receiving his first college offer from Central Wash. University.
Noah Pepper 6'4 W. Selah is averaging an amazing 26points and 16 rebounds. It was just another day at the office when he registered 30 points and 20 rebounds. He has taken 15 charges so far this season also.
Mason Landdeck 6'1 G. Cashmere scored 48 points in Cashmere's win over Okanogan. The Sophomore guard is averaging 38ppg thus for this season. He was also named WIAA player of the week for week 15.
Ben Dublanko 6'1 G. Aberdeen scored 41 points and knocked down 10 3's in the process. The senior guard put on a show vs Hoquiam.


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Secret to happiness? Throwing giant sticks for my dog, says Russell Brand
Russell Brand has revealed his secret to happiness - throwing too-large sticks for his dog.
The controversial comedian, who lends his voice to upbeat animated film Trolls, says he believes optimism comes down to a belief in the goodness of people and the possibility of change
He told the Radio Times: "It's a waste of time spending your life fearing for the worst because in a way, for a lot of people, the apocalypse has already happened.
"Homelessness is lots of people's worst personal fear but many are already living that; they've lost people they love, they've lost their possessions, they've lost their ability to have influence on the world."
Russell, who has battled addictions in the past, plays Creek in the new film based on the children's toys.
He told the magazine: "I like the Trolls' approach to happiness - singing and dancing and covering everyone in glitter like a big gay gang.
"But sometimes all it takes to cheer someone up is a delicious nectarine or Only Fools and Horses.
"Yesterday I threw a much-too-big stick into the river for my dog, who is also much too big.
"Those two giant things in the river made me feel very peaceful and happy. A massive log and a massive dog - that could be the secret to happiness."
The full interview is in the Radio Times, on sale now.


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Welcome & Congratulations!
Welcome & Congratulations!
Speaking motherhood is a whole new language that only mothers understand. Together we can create a more inclusive, loving, and supportive network because raising children takes a village. At Moms Go To Durham we create programs, events, and educational workshops to help you on your journey. We understand what it's like to be moms, because we are moms. Whether you just had a baby, pregnant or have a few children, Moms Go To Durham is here to help you.
We are three words; Community, Inclusive, and Supportive
As Jemi always says "You are home with me"
The Story
Hi! I'm Jemi Smith, owner of Moms Go To Durham. You may know me from my photos on social media or through one of our events, either way, it has lead you here. Congrats on your amazing journey! There will be lots of ups and downs but we are here to help you through it all. I grew up in Pickering and currently reside in Oshawa. I have what's called a blended family with an 11 year-old stepson, a 3 year boy and another 1 one year old boy. My family is very active and busy but I wouldn't have it any other way.
Follow us on Moms Go To Durham
Why did I start this community?
Durham Region has a vast number of programs and resources for moms and their children but there is no place to learn about all of them. This is where we come in. I created this group because I believe that moms should build each other up and support each other. I have been to many programs and once the program finished, there was no one to reach out and make connections with. I've been to mom groups and no one even said hi to me. It was so heartbreaking because I didn't really have many mom friends and I wanted to meet new moms. Moms Go To Durham has been a place for me to really grow out of my comfort zone and create a place where all moms can feel safe and loved. We are a place to accept all moms. Our programs are mostly free because they are hosted by volunteers with the same wish as I did, to meet new moms. Lots of our moms have grown very close bonds and that's what we're all about. Together we are stronger and together we can diminish postpartum depression. You can make a home in the seat right next to me. Always.
Our Programs
Stroller Walks
Weekly Stroller Walks for moms to get exercise, meet new moms, and make new friends. We meet in the mall during cooler months and outside in warmer months. Right now we are running Oshawa, North Ajax, and Pickering. Check out the events calender for more details.
Coffee & Baby
This is another weekly event where moms get to meet other moms. We casually talk over coffee and dessert about whatever we'd like. Sometimes it's about what we are struggling with, sometimes it's to celebrate what our children are doing. The main part is that we are creating bonds and the babies can socialize. There will be baby toys to play with and baby books for moms to read to their babies as well.


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Note: This is the 2011–2012 edition of the eCalendar. Update the year in your browser's URL bar for the most recent version of this page, or click here to jump to the newest eCalendar.
Program RequirementsRevision, August 2011. Start of revision. This domain (63 credits including core) is open only to students in the B.Sc.(Ag.Env.Sc.) Major in Environment or B.Sc. in Environment program. The business of food production is an area of human activity with a large and intimate interaction with the environment. Modern agriculturalists must strike a delicate balance between trying to provide food for themselves, their families, and urban dwellers and trying to minimize environmental damage. When negative effects due to agricultural activities do occur, they are not usually the classic point-source effects that we have come to associate with industry or large cities. Rather, the effects are over extremely large land areas cumulating, perhaps, in pollution of river systems or lakes some distance away. As world populations grow, and as diets change, potentially negative interactions between agricultural systems and other facets of the environment will become more frequent. In the same way, urban sprawl will make conflicts between agriculture and urbanites more common. With a judicious choice of courses, graduates of this domain may be eligible to apply for membership in the Ordre des agronomes du Québec (OAQ) and the Agricultural Institute of Canada (AIC).
Program Prerequisites or Corequisites
All students in this program MUST take these pre- or corequisite courses, or their equivalents. These courses are taken as follows:
Location Note: When planning their schedule and registering for courses, students should verify where each course is offered because courses for this program are taught at both McGill's Downtown campus and at the Macdonald campus in Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue.
One of the following courses or CEGEP equivalent (e.g., CEGEP objective 00XU):
BIOL 112 Cell and Molecular Biology (3 credits)
Biology (Sci) : The cell: ultrastructure, division, chemical constituents and reactions. Bioenergetics: photosynthesis and respiration. Principles of genetics, the molecular basis of inheritance and biotechnology.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Dent, Joseph Alan; Schöck, Frieder (Winter)
LSCI 211 Biochemistry 1 (3 credits)
Life Sciences : Biochemistry of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids; enzymes and coenzymes. Introduction to intermediary metabolism.
Terms: Fall 2011, Winter 2012
Instructors: Georges, Elias; Jardim, Armando; Salavati, Reza (Fall) Jardim, Armando; Georges, Elias; Salavati, Reza (Winter)
One of the following courses or CEGEP equivalent (e.g., CEGEP objective 00XV):
CHEM 212 Introductory Organic Chemistry 1 (4 credits)
Chemistry : A survey of reactions of aliphatic and aromatic compounds including modern concepts of bonding, mechanisms, conformational analysis, and stereochemistry.
Terms: Fall 2011, Winter 2012, Summer 2012
Instructors: Daoust, Michel; Sewall, Samuel Lewis; Gauthier, Jean-Marc; Tsantrizos, Youla S (Fall) Harpp, David Noble; Schirrmacher, Ralf; Daoust, Michel; Sewall, Samuel Lewis; Gauthier, Jean-Marc (Winter) Fenster, Ariel; Daoust, Michel (Summer)
Fall, Winter, Summer
Prerequisite: CHEM 110 or equivalent.
Corequisite: CHEM 120 or equivalent.
Restriction: Not open to students who are taking or have taken CHEM 211 or equivalent
Each lab section is limited enrolment
Note: Some CEGEP programs provide equivalency for this course. For more information, please see the Department of Chemistry's Web page (http://www.chemistry.mcgill.ca/advising/outside/equivalent.htm).
FDSC 230 Organic Chemistry (4 credits)
Food Science : Atomic and molecular structure, modern concepts of bonding, overview of functional groups, conformational analysis, stereochemistry, mechanisms and reactions of aliphatic compounds.
Terms: Fall 2011, Winter 2012
Instructors: Yaylayan, Varoujan (Fall) Cherestes, Alice (Winter)
Fall or Winter
3 lectures and one 3-hour lab
Suggested First Year (U1) Courses
For suggestions on courses to take in your first year (U1), you can consult the "MSE Student Handbook 2011-2012" available on the MSE website (http://www.mcgill.ca/mse), or contact Ms. Kathy Roulet, the Program Adviser (kathy.roulet [at] mcgill.ca).
Program Requirements
Note: Students are required to take a maximum of 34 credits at the 200 level and a minimum of 15 credits at the 400 level or higher in this program. This includes core and required courses, but does not include the domain prerequisites or corequisites listed above.
Location Note: When planning their schedule and registering for courses, students should verify where each course is offered because courses for this program are taught at both McGill's Downtown campus and at the Macdonald campus in Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue.
Core: Required Courses (18 credits)
Location Note: Core required courses for this program are taught at both McGill's Downtown campus and at the Macdonald campus in Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue. You should register in Section 001 of an ENVR course that you plan to take on the Downtown campus, and in Section 051 of an ENVR course that you plan to take on the Macdonald campus.
ENVR 200 The Global Environment (3 credits)
Environment : A systems approach to study the different components of the environment involved in global climate change: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. The interactions among these components. Their role in global climate change. The human dimension to global change.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Rhemtulla, Jeanine; Roulet, Nigel Thomas; Atallah, Eyad Hashem; McCourt, George; Fyles, James W; Fabry, Frederic (Fall)
Section 001: Downtown Campus
Section 051: Macdonald Campus
ENVR 201 Society, Environment and Sustainability (3 credits)
Environment : This course deals with how scientific-technological, socio-economic, political-institutional and behavioural factors mediate society-environment interactions. Issues discussed include population and resources; consumption, impacts and institutions; integrating environmental values in societal decision-making; and the challenges associated with, and strategies for, promoting sustainability. Case studies in various sectors and contexts are used.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Badami, Madhav Govind; Millard-Ball, Adam; Bennett, Elena; Kosoy, Nicolas (Fall)
Section 001: Downtown Campus
Section 051: Macdonald Campus
ENVR 202 The Evolving Earth (3 credits)
Environment : Formation of the Earth and the evolution of life. How geological and biological change are the consequence of history, chance, and necessity acting over different scales of space and time. General principles governing the formation of modern landscapes and biotas. Effects of human activities on natural systems.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Leung, Brian; Paquette, Jeanne; Schwartz, Amy Karen; McCourt, George; Wheeler, Terry A (Winter)
Section 001: Downtown Campus
Section 051: Macdonald Campus
ENVR 203 Knowledge, Ethics and Environment (3 credits)
Environment : Introduction to cultural perspectives on the environment: the influence of culture and cognition on perceptions of the natural world; conflicts in orders of knowledge (models, taxonomies, paradigms, theories, cosmologies), ethics (moral values, frameworks, dilemmas), and law (formal and customary, rights and obligations) regarding political dimensions of critical environments, resource use, and technologies.
Terms: Fall 2011, Winter 2012
Instructors: Goodin, David; Brunet, Nicolas; Belanger, Nicolas (Fall) Sieber, Renee; Ellis, Jaye Dana; Hirose, Iwao (Winter)
Fall - Macdonald Campus; Winter - Downtown
Section 001: Downtown Campus
Section 051: Macdonald Campus
ENVR 301 Environmental Research Design (3 credits)
Environment : Techniques used in design and completion of environmental research projects. Problem definition, data sources and use of appropriate strategies and methodologies. Principles underlying research design are emphasized, including critical thinking, recognizing causal relationships, ideologies and bias in research, and when and where to seek expertise.
Terms: Fall 2011, Winter 2012
Instructors: Chapman, Colin Austin; Vaccaro, Ismael; Jacob, Aerin (Fall) Vaccaro, Ismael; Chapman, Colin Austin; Barrington-Leigh, Christopher; Parker, Pete; Buddle, Christopher (Winter)
Fall-Downtown Campus: Section 001
Winter-Downtown Campus: Section 001; Macdonald Campus: Section 051
Restrictions: Restricted to U2 or higher
ENVR 400 Environmental Thought (3 credits)
Environment : Students work in interdisciplinary seminar groups on challenging philosophical, ethical, scientific and practical issues. They will explore cutting-edge ideas and grapple with the reconciliation of environmental imperatives and social, political and economic pragmatics. Activities include meeting practitioners, attending guest lectures, following directed readings, and organizing, leading and participating in seminars.
Terms: Fall 2011, Winter 2012
Instructors: Brown, Peter Gilbert; Kosoy, Nicolas (Fall) Mikkelson, Gregory Matthew; Studnicki-Gizbert, Daviken; Janda, Richard; Hirose, Iwao; Goodin, David (Winter)
Fall - Macdonald Campus; Winter - Downtown
Section 001: Downtown Campus
Section 051: Macdonald Campus
Prerequisite: ENVR 203
Restriction: Open only to U3 students, or permission of instructor
Core: Complementary Course - Senior Research Project (3 credits)
Only 3 credits will be applied to the program; extra credits will count as electives.
AGRI 519 Sustainable Development Plans (6 credits)
Agriculture : Geared for solving real-world environmental problems related to water at the local, regional and international scale in Barbados. Projects to be designed by instructors in consultation with university, government and NGO partners and to be conducted by teams of 2 to 4 students in collaboration with them.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Alli, Inteaz (Fall)
ENVR 401 Environmental Research (3 credits)
Environment : Students work in an interdisciplinary team on a real-world research project involving problem definition, methodology development, social, ethical and environmental impact assessment, execution of the study, and dissemination of results to the research community and to the people affected. Teams begin defining their projects during the preceding spring.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Fabry, Frederic; McCourt, George; Sieber, Renee (Fall)
Prerequisite: ENVR 301
Restriction: B.A. Faculty Program in Environment, B.A.&Sc. Faculty Program in Environment , B.Sc.(Ag.Env.Sc.) and B.Sc. Major in Environment, and Diploma in Environment.
ENVR 451 Research in Panama (6 credits)
Environment : Research projects will be developed by instructors in consultation with Panamanian universities, government agencies and non-governmental organizations. Project groups will consist of four to six students working with a Panamanian institution. Topics will be relevant to Panama: e.g., protection of the Canal watershed, economical alternatives to deforestation, etc.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Potvin, Catherine (Winter)
Restriction: students in the Panama Field Semester program. Offered in Panama only
Domain: Required Courses (9 credits)
AEBI 210 Organisms 1 (3 credits)
Biology (Agric & Envir Sc) : The biology of plants and plant-based systems in managed and natural terrestrial environments. The interactions between autotrophs and soil organisms and selected groups of animals with close ecological and evolutionary connections with plants (e.g., herbivores and pollinators) will be explored in lecture and laboratory.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Singh, Jaswinder (Fall)
AGRI 210 Agro-Ecological History (3 credits)
Agriculture : Introduction to the environmental consequences of agriculture through time, relating the cultural diversity of agronomic practices to regionally varied ecological processes.
Terms: This course is not scheduled for the 2011-2012 academic year.
Instructors: There are no professors associated with this course for the 2011-2012 academic year.
- 3 lectures
PLNT 300 Cropping Systems (3 credits)
Plant Science : Application of plant science and soil science to production of agronomic and horticultural crops. Use and sustainability of fertilization, weed control, crop rotation, tillage, drainage and irrigation practices.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Smith, Donald L; Seguin, Philippe (Fall)
3 lectures and one 3-hour lab
Prerequisite: AEBI 210
Domain: Complementary Courses (33 credits)
33 credits of complementary courses selected as follows:
15 credits - Basic Sciences
12 credits - Applied Sciences
6 credits - Social Sciences/Humanities
Basic Sciences:
15 credits of Basic Sciences selected as follows:
One of the following Statistics courses or equivalent:
Note: Credit given for Statistics courses is subject to certain restrictions. Students in Science should consult the "Course Overlap" information in the "Course Requirements" section for the Faculty of Science.
AEMA 310 Statistical Methods 1 (3 credits)
Mathematics (Agric&Envir Sci) : Measures of central tendency and dispersion; binomial and Poisson distributions; normal, chi-square, Student's t and Fisher-Snedecor F distributions; estimation and hypothesis testing; simple linear regression and correlation; analysis of variance for simple experimental designs.
Terms: Fall 2011, Winter 2012
Instructors: Dutilleul, Pierre R L; Bona, Kelly Ann; Manceur, Marc Ameur (Fall) Dutilleul, Pierre R L (Winter)
Two 1.5-hour lectures and one 2-hour lab
MATH 203 Principles of Statistics 1 (3 credits)
Mathematics & Statistics (Sci) : Examples of statistical data and the use of graphical means to summarize the data. Basic distributions arising in the natural and behavioural sciences. The logical meaning of a test of significance and a confidence interval. Tests of significance and confidence intervals in the one and two sample setting (means, variances and proportions).
Terms: Fall 2011, Winter 2012, Summer 2012
Instructors: Khalili Mahmoudabadi, Abbas; Genest, Christian (Fall) Wolfson, David B (Winter) Hundemer, Axel W (Summer)
No calculus prerequisites
Restriction: This course is intended for students in all disciplines. For extensive course restrictions covering statistics courses see Section 3.6.1 of the Arts and of the Science sections of the calendar regarding course overlaps.
You may not be able to receive credit for this course and other statistic courses. Be sure to check the Course Overlap section under Faculty Degree Requirements in the Arts or Science section of the Calendar. Students should consult http://www.mcgill.ca/student-records/transfercredits/ for information regarding transfer credits for this course.
One of:
AGRI 340 Principles of Ecological Agriculture (3 credits)
Agriculture : Focus on low-input, sustainable, and organic agriculture: the farm as an ecosystem; complex system theory; practical examples of soil management, pest control, integrated crop and livestock production, and marketing systems.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Begg, Caroline B (Winter)
3 lectures and one 2-hour seminar
Restriction: Not open to students who have taken AGRI 250
ANSC 250 Principles of Animal Science (3 credits)
Animal Science : Introduction to the scientific principles underlying the livestock and poultry industries. Emphasis will be placed on the breeding, physiology and nutrition of animals raised for the production of food and fibre.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Wade, Kevin (Fall)
3 lectures and one 2-hour lab
One of:
BIOL 202 Basic Genetics (3 credits)
Biology (Sci) : Introduction to basic principles, and to modern advances, problems and applications in the genetics of higher and lower organisms with examples representative of the biological sciences.
Terms: Winter 2012, Summer 2012
Instructors: Western, Tamara; Chevrette, Mario; Hendry, Andrew (Winter) Dankort, David; Hipfner, David (Summer)
LSCI 204 Genetics (3 credits)
Life Sciences : The course integrates classical, molecular and population genetics of animals, plants, bacteria and viruses. The aim is to understand the flow of genetic information within a cell, within families and in populations. Emphasis will be placed on problem solving based learning. The laboratory exercises will emphasize the interpretation of genetic experimental data.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Charron, Jean-Benoit (Winter)
One of:
ENVB 210 The Biophysical Environment (3 credits)
Environmental Biology : With reference to the ecosystems in the St Lawrence lowlands, the principles and processes governing climate-landform-water-soil-vegetation systems and their interactions will be examined in lecture and laboratory. Emphasis on the natural environment as an integrated system.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Begg, Caroline B (Fall)
Restriction: Not open to students who have taken SOIL 210
GEOG 305 Soils and Environment (3 credits)
Geography : Discussion of the major properties of soils; soil formation, classification and mapping; land capability assessment; the role and response of soils in natural and disturbed environments (e.g. global change, ecosystem disturbance).
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Moore, Timothy R (Fall)
3 hours and laboratory
Prerequisite: GEOG 203 or introductory course in biology or geology
One of:
BIOL 308 Ecological Dynamics (3 credits)
Biology (Sci) : Principles of population, community, and ecosystem dynamics: population growth and regulation, species interactions, dynamics of competitive interactions and of predator/prey systems; evolutionary dynamics.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Guichard, Frederic; Fussmann, Gregor (Fall)
ENVB 305 Population & Community Ecology (3 credits)
Environmental Biology : Interactions between organisms and their environment; historical and current perspectives in applied and theoretical population and community ecology. Principles of population dynamics, feedback loops, and population regulation. Development and structure of communities; competition, predation and food web dynamics. Biodiversity science in theory and practice.
Terms: Winter 2012, Summer 2012
Instructors: Buddle, Christopher (Winter) Timms, Laura (Summer)
Restriction: Not open to students who have taken WILD 205
Applied Sciences:
12 credits of Applied Sciences from the following:
* Note: you may take BREE 217 or GEOG 322, but not both; you may take FDSC 200 or NUTR 207, but not both.
AGRI 411 Global Issues on Development, Food and Agriculture (3 credits)
Agriculture : International development and world food security and challenges in developing countries. Soil and water management, climate change, demographic issues, plant and animal resources conservation, bio-products and biofuels, economic and environmental issues specially in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Globalization, sustainable development, technology transfer and human resources needs for rural development.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Monardes, Humberto (Winter)
Two 2-hour conferences
AGRI 435 Soil and Water Quality Management (3 credits)
Agriculture : Management of soil and water systems for sustainability. Cause of soil degradation, surface and groundwater contamination by agricultural chemicals and toxic pollutants. Human health and safety concerns. Water-table management. Soil and water conservation techniques will be examined with an emphasis on methods of prediction and best management practices.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Clark, Grant; Stämpfli, Nicolas; Schwertfeger, Dina (Fall)
3 lectures and one 3-hour lab
This course carries an additional charge of $13 to cover the cost of transportation with respect to a field trip. The fee is refundable only during the withdrawal with full refund period.
AGRI 550 Sustained Tropical Agriculture (3 credits)
Agriculture : Contrast theory and practice in defining agricultural environmental "challenges" in the Neotropics. Indigenous and appropriate technological means of mitigation. Soil management and erosion, water scarcity, water over-abundance, and water quality. Explore agro-ecosystem protection via field trips and project designs. Institutional context of conservation strategies, NGO links, and public participation.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Ajjamada, Kushalappa (Winter)
BIOL 465 Conservation Biology (3 credits)
Biology (Sci) : Discussion of relevant theoretical and applied issues in conservation biology. Topics: biodiversity, population viability analysis, community dynamics, biology of rarity, extinction, habitat fragmentation, social issues.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Green, David M; Chapman, Lauren; Gonzalez, Andrew (Fall)
BIOL 553 Neotropical Environments (3 credits)
Biology (Sci) : Ecology revisited in view of tropical conditions. Exploring species richness. Sampling and measuring biodiversity. Conservation status of ecosystems, communities and species. Indigenous knowledge.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Potvin, Catherine (Winter)
BREE 217 Hydrology and Water Resources (3 credits) *
Bioresource Engineering : Measurements and analysis of components of the water cycle. Precipitation, evaporation, infiltration and groundwater. Analysis of hydrologic data. Hydrograph theory. Hydrologic estimations for design of water control projects; flood control and reservoir routing. Integrated watershed management and water conservation. Water management systems for environmental protection.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Prasher, Shiv (Winter)
3 lectures, one 2-hour lab
Restriction: Not open to students who have taken ABEN 217.
BREE 322 Organic Waste Management (3 credits)
Bioresource Engineering : An introduction to engineering aspects of handling, storage and treatment of all biological and food industry wastes. Design criteria will be elaborated and related to characteristics of wastes. Physical, chemical and biological treatment systems.
Terms: This course is not scheduled for the 2011-2012 academic year.
Instructors: There are no professors associated with this course for the 2011-2012 academic year.
- 2 lectures and one 2-hour lab
- Restriction: Not open to students who have taken ABEN 322.
BREE 518 Bio-Treatment of Wastes (3 credits)
Bioresource Engineering : Special topics concerning control of pollution agents from the agricultural industry; odour control, agricultural waste treatment including biological digestion, flocculants, land disposal and sedimentation, pesticide transport.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: King, Susan (Fall)
One 3 hour lecture
Restriction: Not open to students who have taken ABEN 518.
ENVB 437 Assessing Environmental Impact (3 credits)
Environmental Biology : Theories and procedures of assessing environmental impact. An examination of the environmental impact of existing programs and projects to examine their accuracy in predicting consequences and attenuating undesirable effects.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Hickey, Gordon (Winter)
FDSC 200 Introduction to Food Science (3 credits) *
Food Science : This course enables one to gain an appreciation of the scope of food science as a discipline. Topics include introductions to chemistry, processing, packaging, analysis, microbiology, product development, sensory evaluation and quality control as they relate to food science.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Van de Voort, Frederik R (Fall)
3 lectures
FDSC 535 Food Biotechnology (3 credits)
Food Science : Developments in biotechnology as it relates to food production and processing concerning traditional food fermentations as well as novel food biotechnology enzymes, ingredients, genetic engineering, plant tissue culture and developments for microbiological and food analysis.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Kermasha, Selim (Fall)
GEOG 302 Environmental Management 1 (3 credits)
Geography : An ecological analysis of the physical and biotic components of natural resource systems. Emphasis on scientific, technological and institutional aspects of environmental management. Study of the use of biological resources and of the impact of individual processes.
Terms: Fall 2011, Summer 2012
Instructors: Meredith, Thomas C (Fall) Akman, Geraldine (Summer)
3 hours
Prerequisite: Any 200-level course in Geography or MSE or BIOL 208 or permission of instructor.
GEOG 322 Environmental Hydrology (3 credits) *
Geography : Quantitative, experimental study of the principles governing the movement of water at or near the Earth's surface and how the research relates to the chemistry and biology of ecosystems.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Lehner, Bernhard; Mehdi, Bano B (Winter)
3 hours
Prerequisite: GEOG 203 or equivalent
MICR 331 Microbial Ecology (3 credits)
Microbiology (Agric&Envir Sc) : The ecology of microorganisms, primarily bacteria and archaea, and their roles in biogeochemical cycles will be discussed. Microbial interactions with the environment, plants, animals and other microbes emphasizing the underlying genetics and physiology. Diversity, evolution (microbial phylogenetics) and the application of molecular biology in microbial ecology.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Driscoll, Brian T (Winter)
Restriction: Not open to students who have successfully completed NRSC 331
NRSC 333 Pollution and Bioremediation (3 credits)
Natural Resource Sciences : The environmental contaminants which cause pollution; sources, amounts and transport of pollutants in water, air and soil; waste management.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Whyte, Lyle; Hendershot, William H; Schwertfeger, Dina (Fall)
3 lectures
Restriction: Not open to students who have taken WILD 333
NUTR 207 Nutrition and Health (3 credits) *
Nutrition and Dietetics : Provides students who have a basic biology/chemistry background with the fundamental information on how macronutrients, vitamins and minerals are metabolized in the body, followed by application to evaluate current issues of maximizing health and disease prevention at different stages of the lifecycle.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Kubow, Stan; Agellon, Luis (Fall)
3 lectures
Corequisites: AEBI202 or CEGEP Objective 00XU or FDSC230 or CEGEP Objective 00XV
Restriction: Not open to students who take NUTR 200 or EDKP 292
Restriction: Science students in physical science and psychology programs who wish to take this course should see the Arts and Science Student Affairs Office for permission to register.
NUTR 403 Nutrition in Society (3 credits)
Nutrition and Dietetics : Sociocultural and economic influences on food choice and behaviour; health promotion and disease prevention through nutrition, particularly in high risk populations; the interaction of changing environment, food availability and quality as they affect health.
Terms: Fall 2011, Winter 2012
Instructors: Marquis, Grace; Gray-Donald, Katherine; Egeland Hovda, Grace (Fall) Johns, Timothy A (Winter)
3 hour conference
Prerequisite: NUTR 337
NUTR 420 Toxicology and Health Risks (3 credits)
Nutrition and Dietetics : Basic principles of toxicology, health effects of exposure to environmental contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticides and radionuclides and ingestion of food toxicants such as food additives and preservatives; natural toxins in plants and marine foods, human health, ecosystem health, safety evaluation, risk assessment, and current Canadian regulations.
Terms: This course is not scheduled for the 2011-2012 academic year.
Instructors: There are no professors associated with this course for the 2011-2012 academic year.
PARA 410 Environment and Infection (3 credits)
Parasitology : Infectious pathogens of humans and animals and their impact on the global environment are considered. The central tenet is that infectious pathogens are environmental risk factors. The course considers their impact on the human condition and juxtaposes the impact of control and treatment measures and environmental change.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Scott, Marilyn (Winter)
PHAR 303 Principles of Toxicology (3 credits)
Pharmacology and Therapeutics : Fundamental mechanisms by which toxic compounds damage a biological system (organelle, cell, organ, organism, ecosystem). Detection and quantification of toxicity and risk/benefit analysis are considered. Selected agents of current risk to human health or the environment are evaluated in depth.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Culty, Martine; Zorychta, Edith; Delbès, Géraldine (Winter)
PLNT 434 Weed Biology and Control (3 credits)
Plant Science : A study of the biology of undesirable vegetation as related to the principles of prevention and physical, biological, managerial and chemical control. Emphasis on the environmental impact of the different methods of weed control.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Watson, Alan K (Winter)
SOIL 315 Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Use (3 credits)
Soil Science : Plant nutrients in the soil, influence of soil properties on nutrient absorption and plant growth, use of organic and inorganic fertilizers.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Whalen, Joann Karen (Fall)
SOIL 445 Agroenvironmental Fertilizer Use (3 credits)
Soil Science : A sustainable, agroenvironmental approach to nutrient management planning at the farm scale, consistent with guidelines and laws governing fertilizer use in Quebec and other jurisdictions.
Terms: This course is not scheduled for the 2011-2012 academic year.
Instructors: There are no professors associated with this course for the 2011-2012 academic year.
- Winter
- Prerequisite: SOIL 315.
SOIL 510 Environmental Soil Chemistry (3 credits)
Soil Science : Soil chemical principles are presented in a series of problem sets covering basic concepts as well as applications to environmental and agricultural situations.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Hendershot, William H (Winter)
Prerequisite: A course in Soil Science or permission of instructor
Restriction: Not open to students who have taken SOIL 410.
WILD 401 Fisheries and Wildlife Management (4 credits)
Resource Development : Principles of fisheries and wildlife management are considered and current practices of research and management are discussed.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Solomon, Christopher; Bird, David M (Fall)
3 lectures, one 2-hour lab and one week field laboratory prior to fall term
Prerequisite: PLNT 358
A $400 fee is charged to all students registered in WILD 401, Fisheries and Wildlife Management. This fee is used to support the cost of excursions, accommodations, food and fees associated with visiting research facilities in Quebec and New York. The Department of Natural Resource Sciences subsidizes a portion of the cost of this compulsory activity.
Social Sciences/Humanities:
6 credits in Social Sciences and Humanities are selected as follows:
* Note: You may take AGEC 200 or ECON 208, but not both; you may take AGEC 333 or ECON 405, but not both.
** Note: If WILD 415 is taken, 1 additional credit of complementary courses must be taken.
AGEC 200 Principles of Microeconomics (3 credits) *
Agricultural Economics : The field of economics as it relates to the activities of individual consumers, firms and organizations. Emphasis is on the application of economic principles and concepts to everyday decision making and to the analysis of current economic issues.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Neubert, Thierry (Fall)
3 lectures
AGEC 320 Intermediate Microeconomic Theory (3 credits)
Agricultural Economics : An intermediate theory course in agricultural economics, dealing with economic concepts as applied to agricultural production and cost functions. Includes theory and application of linear programming as related to production decisions.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Henning, John C (Winter)
3 lectures
Prerequisite: AGEC 200 or equivalent
AGEC 333 Resource Economics (3 credits) *
Agricultural Economics : The role of resources in the environment, use of resources, and management of economic resources within the firm or organization. Problem-solving, case studies involving private and public decision-making in organizations are utilized.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Thomassin, Paul (Fall)
Prerequisites: AGEC 200 or equivalent
AGEC 430 Agriculture, Food and Resource Policy (3 credits)
Agricultural Economics : Examination of North American and international agriculture, food and resource policies, policy instruments, programs and their implications. Economic analysis applied to the principles, procedures and objectives of various policy actions affecting agriculture, and the environment.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Henning, John C (Winter)
3 lectures
Prerequisites: AGEC 200 or equivalent
AGEC 442 Economics of International Agricultural Development (3 credits)
Agricultural Economics : The course deals with economic aspects of international development with emphasis on the role of food, agriculture and the resource sector in the economy of developing countries. Topics will include world food analysis, development project analysis and policies for sustainable development. Development case studies will be used.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Naseem, Anwar (Winter)
ANTH 418 Environment and Development (3 credits)
Anthropology : Advanced study of the environmental crisis in developing and advanced industrial nations, with emphasis on the social and cultural dimensions of natural resource management and environmental change. Each year, the seminar will focus on a particular set of issues, delineated by type of resource, geographic region, or analytical problem.
Terms: This course is not scheduled for the 2011-2012 academic year.
Instructors: There are no professors associated with this course for the 2011-2012 academic year.
ECON 208 Microeconomic Analysis and Applications (3 credits) *
Economics (Arts) : A university-level introduction to demand and supply, consumer behaviour, production theory, market structures and income distribution theory.
Terms: Fall 2011, Winter 2012, Summer 2012
Instructors: El-Attar Vilalta, Mayssun; Dickinson, Paul (Fall) Dickinson, Paul (Winter) Forte, Sebastien (Summer)
ECON 225 Economics of the Environment (3 credits)
Economics (Arts) : A study of the application of economic theory to questions of environmental policy. Particular attention will be given to the measurement and regulation of pollution, congestion and waste and other environmental aspects of specific economies.
Terms: This course is not scheduled for the 2011-2012 academic year.
Instructors: There are no professors associated with this course for the 2011-2012 academic year.
- Restriction: Not open to students who have taken 154-325 or 154-425
ECON 405 Natural Resource Economics (3 credits) *
Economics (Arts) : Topics include: Malthusian and Ricardian Scarcity; optimal depletion of renewable and non-renewable resources; exploration, risk and industry structure, and current resources, rent and taxation. Current public policies applied to the resource industries, particularly those of a regulatory nature.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Cairns, Robert D (Winter)
ENVR 465 Environment and Social Change (3 credits)
Environment : Impacts of globalization upon coastal and resource-based communities in terms of relationships between the environment, new technologies and global market. Emphasis is on the complexity of change and the conflicts and compromises inevitable in global-local interactions.
Terms: This course is not scheduled for the 2011-2012 academic year.
Instructors: There are no professors associated with this course for the 2011-2012 academic year.
GEOG 404 Environmental Management 2 (3 credits)
Geography : Practical application of environmental planning, analysis and management techniques with reference to the needs and problems of developing areas. Special challenges posed by cultural differences and traditional resource systems are discussed. This course involves practical field work in a developing area (Kenya or Panama).
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Meredith, Thomas C (Winter)
3 hours
Prerequisite: GEOG 302 or permission of instructor
GEOG 410 Geography of Underdevelopment: Current Problems (3 credits)
Geography : An examination of the cultural, political, and economic mechanisms and manifestations of contemporary underdevelopment and the response to it from different regional and national peripheral societies within the dominant world economic system.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Akman, Geraldine (Winter)
3 hours
Prerequisite: GEOG 216 or permission of instructor
GEOG 498 Humans in Tropical Environments (3 credits)
Geography : Focus on understanding of inter-relations between humans and neotropical environments represented in Panama. Study of contemporary rural landscapes, their origins, development and change. Impacts of economic growth and inequality, social organization, and politics on natural resource use and environmental degradation. Site visits and field exercises in peasant/colonist, Amerindian, and plantation communities.
Terms: Winter 2012
Instructors: Coomes, Oliver T (Winter)
GEOG 510 Humid Tropical Environments (3 credits)
Geography : Focus on the environmental and human spatial relationships in tropical rain forest and savanna landscapes. Human adaptation to variations within these landscapes through time and space. Biophysical constraints upon "development" in the modern era.
Terms: This course is not scheduled for the 2011-2012 academic year.
Instructors: There are no professors associated with this course for the 2011-2012 academic year.
- Fall
- 3 hours
- Prerequisite: GEOG 203 or equivalent and written permission of the instructor
SOCI 254 Development and Underdevelopment (3 credits)
Sociology (Arts) : Competing theories about the causes of underdevelopment in the poor countries. Topics include the impact of geography, the population explosion, culture and national character, economic and sexual inequalities, democracy and dictatorship. Western imperialism and multi-national corporations, reliance on the market, and development through local participation, cooperation, and appropriate technology.
Terms: Fall 2011
Instructors: Locher, Uli (Fall)
SOCI 565 Social Change in Panama (3 credits)
Sociology (Arts) : Analysis of social change in Panama, particularly during the 20th century: demography, social and economic structures, rural and urban activities and landscapes, indigenous peoples, the effects of the Canal and the Free Trade Zone. Focus throughout on the interaction of human society and the environment.
Terms: This course is not scheduled for the 2011-2012 academic year.
Instructors: There are no professors associated with this course for the 2011-2012 academic year.
WILD 415 Conservation Law (2 credits) **
Resource Development : A study of the various federal, provincial and municipal laws affecting wildlife habitat. Topics include: laws to protect wild birds and animals; the regulation of hunting; legal protection of trees and flowers, sanctuaries, reserves, parks; techniques of acquiring and financing desirable land, property owner rights.
Terms: This course is not scheduled for the 2011-2012 academic year.
Instructors: There are no professors associated with this course for the 2011-2012 academic year.
- Fall
- 2 lectures
Revision, August 2011. End of revision.


text:
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text:
Louth Town's second-half fightback fell short as they slipped to defeat at in-form Immingham Town on Saturday.
The visitors found themselves 2-0 behind at half-time, and despite goals from leading scorer Michael Brown – his 15th of the season – and Frazer Chapman, they were beaten 4-2.
It was their third defeat in a tough sequence of five successive away fixtures in the Lincolnshire League and left them in ninth, four points behind eighth-placed Brigg Town Reserves.
Carl Forman's side will be happy to see their Saltfleetby home again where they play their next four fixtures, starting with the visit of out-of-sorts Grimsby Borough Reserves on Saturday (kick-off 2pm).
Borough topped the table back in November, but have slipped to sixth after a run of eight games without a win, six of which have ended in defeat.
The two sides met just over a fortnight ago in the reverse fixture where Rocky Rawlings' equaliser earned Town a point in a 1-1 draw.
* It was a miserable day for three of our East Lincs Combination Division One sides on Saturday with no goals scored and 18 goals conceded.
Both Louth Old Boys and Louth Town Reserves were dumped out of the Town Trophy at the quarter-final stage.
Old Boys were hammered 7-0 at Cleethorpes Town A, while the Reserves shipped four at Immingham Town Development.
Back in the league, meanwhile, bottom side Mablethorpe Athletic were also on the wrong end of a 7-0 drubbing, at home to North Somercotes United.
Town Reserves are the only side in action this weekend when they head to Healing, looking for only their third win of the campaign at third-placed All Star Panthers. Kick-off is 1.45pm.


text:
Official events photography courtesy Photographers' Gallery, Holt, Norfolk. Used with kind permission.
Official events photography courtesy Photographers' Gallery, Holt, Norfolk. Used with kind permission.
About the Class:
In this free class for teachers of ESL (English as a Second Language) we will look at how to get great results in an ESL class using the Talk a Lot Method. We will discuss some examples of student work that has been produced using this method, and you will have the opportunity to tell us about your teaching practice.
You can sign up for the class below:
You can now download our latest free MP3 audio lesson, entitled "You are the Course Book!" It was a really fun session on WizIQ.com this week, so I hope that you will get a lot out of it. Any feedback is of course very welcome!
Click to download the MP3 to your computer
If you do, we'd love to hear from you! Mobile internet is where it's at right now (and where it's increasingly going to be) and we would like to create a simple app that allows teachers and students to quickly find and download English Banana.com resources.
Please contact us if you are able to help with this project. Thank you! Click here to contact us.
English Banana.com features a wealth of free worksheets and resources for teaching and learning English, and everything is covered by our free licences! Click here for full details. People are free to do what they want to with the materials, and they are doing just that, if the recent examples listed in this post are anything to go by!
Example 1 – Material from Talk a Lot Elementary Book 1 has been used to make online quizzes:
Example 2 – Material from various English Banana.com workbooks has been used to make online quizzes for this Polish website:
Example 3 – A teacher from Jakarta, Indonesia has built a web page using material from Talk a Lot Elementary Book 1:
We're loving the way that you are being creative and using English Banana.com materials online (as well as in your classes offline!)… It is fantastic that people feel able to use the materials in this way. They are there to be used, so… go on! The world is your lobster! 🙂
You are very welcome to join me for my next FREE online lesson on WizIQ.com next Tuesday evening at 8pm CET:
For full details, please click here:


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For all of us in the Android community, patent battles or wars seem to be a common occurrence these days. Almost like it's a part of nature. However, Android lovers find these patents wars ridiculous, and just seem like companies are fighting each other to try to get to the top spot. For those of you who are not aware, Samsung and LG have started their own patent war, and LG has taken another 'swing' at Samsung.
Let us first recap how it started…..
Samsung was the original filer of the claim back in September where Samsung 'accuses' LG of stealing OLED technology. Samsung claims that LG "coerced 11 Samsung researchers into leaking secrets" about the OLED screens. The information supposedly leaked consisted of 18 pieces of technology and 21 "related documents."
What is Samsung asking for? Samsung wants 1 billion won ($87, 9771) to "compensate" for every piece of information that was leaked out.
How did LG feel about this accusation? They were not happy to say the least. They were being accused of theft, and no one enjoys being accused of such an act. LG shot back at Samsung saying the technology behind their screens is different from Samsung's by the fact they use "White OLEDs," whereas Samsung uses RGB.
So what happened next? Like any other patent battle, LG counter-sued and is now claiming that they are the 'victim' here and not Samsung. As part of the counter-sue LG is looking to get the Galaxy S III, Galaxy Tab, and Galaxy Note banned. Okay, that is where I draw the line and start getting upset. Is it really about patent infringement, or are they just trying to get rid of top-selling devices and be greedy?
This all leads to the now as in, "What is going on now?" LG has decided to now attack the Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1. They claim that the Note 10.1 "breaches 3 of LG's display patents" concerning "viewing angles." Really? Will this patent madness ever stop?
Samsung is not at all worried with this most recent development or 'accusation,' and has "dismissed it as 'unjustified'." They also aren't worried about the damages they are asking for, which is "nothing less than a billion won ($1 million) for each day the Note 10.1 continues to be made and sold."
I would guess that Samsung is pretty set that LG will have no evidence to prove this accusation, and let us hope for the time being this is true. We don't want another Samsung vs. Apple lawsuit where many of us were solid that Samsung would come out on top, but instead were surprised to see Apple come out victorious.
Since this patent debauchery I have stopped following the patent infringement news, because it's all ridiculous, and I would rather spend my time reading something much more enjoyable.
How about the Android community? How do you feel about this case? Does anyone feel concerned, or are you all just sick and tired of the patent drama?
Sources: Engadget


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Michael Pfitzer is Director of Music at First Parish Church of Stow & Acton in Stow, MA, Choral Associate at Harvard University, assistant conductor and manager of the Harvard-Radcliffe Chorus, and interim Music Director of the Wakefield Choral Society.
Mr. Pfitzer formerly taught at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and was previously music director of the Cambridge (MA) Community Chorus. He has been assistant conductor of the Madison (WI) Symphony Chorus, UW Concert Choir, Tufts Concert Choir, and Tufts Chamber Singers. More >
Saturday, May 5
Lord, How Long Wilt Thou Forget Me?
with the Harvard-Radcliffe Chorus
More >
Saturday, May 13
Classical Elements
with music of the air, water, wind, and fire
with the Wakefield Choral Society
More >


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Supplemental Security Income for Children with Disabilities
Supplemental Security Income benefits are not just for adults. If your child is under 18 years old, has a physical and/or mental condition that meets Social Security's definition of disability, he or she may qualify for monthly benefit payments.
As with SSI for adults, there are also income and asset requirements. Social Security will look at the child's income and assets, as well as your income and resources and those of family members' living in the home.
If your child has a special needs trust, you must be careful.
Some SSI distributions will reduce SSI benefits.
In addition to your child meeting the requirements for being considered disabled, and therefore eligible for SSI, your child:
- Must not be working and earning more than $1,090 a month in 2015.
- Must have a physical and/or mental condition that severely limits his or her activities.
- Must have a condition that is or is expected to be disabling, for at least 12 months, or the condition must be expected to result in death.
You can apply for SSI payments for your child by calling the Social Security office at 800-772-1213. You may also visit your local office. Be sure to have your child's Social Security number and birth certificate with you.


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A sustainable corporate strategy is one that has integrated principles of sustainability into the core business strategy of the organization. These principles include a
longer-term and wider outlook on value creation as well as the acknowledgement of ecological limits and a commitment to social advance. Wipro also encourages the community to recognize that sustainability is vital to business strategy, rather than an add-on, so that they are most likely to anticipate
and innovate to fuel future change.
Our approach to social change is not driven by 'check book philanthropy' but by direct engagement. A clear reflection of this is the fact within our organizational
structure; we have created distinct groups to focus on the chosen areas of engagement.
Environmental issues
Sustainability initiatives


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several new display technologies are emerging to give us higher quality displays, with the focus on small screens and video clarity.
new reflective lcd screens from motorola allow for brighter colors and better contrast than previous rlcd screens. rlcd screens are going to be phased into the market over the next three years for pdas and cellphones.
organic led (light-emitting diode) screens are promising to enable crystal clear video on pdas and cellphones. the picture of the display in the techreview article clearly shows a wide viewing angle. the first prototype screens were created by eastman kodak and sanyo electric. the displays are also very thin and require no backlight. organic led screens are expected to capture 40% of the third generation cellphone market by 2005.
for something a little further into the future, actuality systems has some photos up of its 3d display that looks like a big glass globe and displays images in three dimensions. the company refers to it as "floating 3-d." actuality is a startup company.
rob's opinion
when i look at the color screen on my ipaq pocket pc i don't see a stunning screen, but rather something that needs a lot of work. i'm glad that the issues are being addressed. lcd screens will most probably take over crt eventually on the desktop, but you really have to start looking at the small screens to see where the tech is coming from. after lcd and possibly some incremental upgrades to lcd, the next screen type will not require a backlight. it appears that organic led is a good candidate for this position. whether it can make it to the desktop is another question.
for now, it's easy for the desktop user to just buy a couple of 17″ or 19″ crt monitors and run them with a dual display card. those who demand clarity–and have the cash–can do the same with lcd screens. however, when you buy a cellphone in a few years it may have a nicer screen on it than you have on your desktop.
as for the 3d display, it sounds amazing (and looks good on my 2d crt), but the need for a housing around it will make it hard for small robots like r2d2 to bring messages from far away and display them holographically out of a single projection point. 3d displays still have a long way to go. i don't see them catching on until after we have mastered flat screen technology with no backlight, then moved to projection technology. however, projection technology is fairly annoying. if you stand in front of it you cast a shadow. that makes it useless for many applications, such as a desktop pc–not to mention the trapezoiding.
user comments 9 comment(s)
|re: actuality is a startup company (4:10pm est wed mar 28 2001)
yeah, but that concept is pretty solid! it appears as though x,y,z beams are projected upon a rapidly spinning semi-translucent card to produce an x frames per second 3d floating image.
well, at least fortune tellers will be psyched! i'm not sure how this concept will translate to a computer interface strategy, but it's certianly currently more tangible than trying to collide opposing-wavelengthed photons in a gas medium. we'll see… – by gropo
|why even have a monitor? (4:46pm est wed mar 28 2001)
hook me up directly into the computer. interface my optic nerves with the pc… i'll be quite happy then… – by god�
|re: god (4:54pm est wed mar 28 2001)
yeah, but by then we'll have replaced pop-up ads with pop-up virtual salesmen. boy, that could get annoying! – by thehayseed
|hayseed (5:44pm est wed mar 28 2001)
"yeah, but by then we'll have replaced pop-up ads with pop-up virtual salesmen. boy, that could get annoying!"
yeah, but by that point microsoft will have generated a new replacement for the "webwasher" utility called… "brainwasher xp", of course… oh no, wait… that's right, that product was originally released under the name windows 95!!! – by gropo
|have you seen this: (5:54pm est wed mar 28 2001)
will we ever escape this? – by god�
|roflmao!! (6:12pm est wed mar 28 2001)
i missed that pic!!
no, it appears our species is stuck with it, god�…
someday the alliance of intergalactic sentient beings will make fun of us for it, and refer to us as "species aybabtu"… – by gropo
|get rid of crts (6:24pm est wed mar 28 2001)
since this technology is focused on smaller screens, maybe they could use it for virtual reality glasses and let users toss their bulky crts. – by the truth
|i agree with the truth (4:01pm est thu mar 29 2001)
i think that we should just work on the virual reality glasses becuase you can get giant screens for cheaper! the only downside is that more tan on person can't see the screen at the same time. – by the agreer
|el's r cool (4:52am est fri mar 30 2001)
haven't seen rlcds, but doubt if it could compete with el's image quality.
el's are clear, bright, and pleasing to the eyes. uh.. just like the star trek's instrument panels–what r they called?
anyway, i see el's kicking butt everywhere from 3g and notebooks. – by twotoy


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In January I had wanted to make a blog about my birthday. Im always super psyched for it and have maximum levels of fun on my b-day. We had planned to go to the Wildlife Park to see my favourite Deer friend and "adopt" him, and then have a pizza party for lunch, and then watch movies with pop & chips party dance all night. But I woke up in the morning of the 11th and David Bowie had died.
It hurt instantly like being shot with sadness right in the guts. A cold hand squeezing hard on my soft pulpy heart. It really felt like losing a good friend… or a crazy uncle I hardly saw but loved and would send me weird presents from exotic locales… or a 5th grandparent maybe. It felt close to home, and it hurt more than I thought it would. David Bowie was one of my peeps. He was my Original Weirdo. When I felt like an alien, I knew at least he was from the same planet. I felt so sad that morning for all the freaky weirdos who I knew loved him for the same reasons as me, because now we will be that much more lonely.
When other little girls were dressing up as princesses, I was taking my fashion cues from the Thin White Duke. I bet you can't even tell who is who!?
One of my first memories is of being a baby Karalalala and sitting in the dark on my bedroom floor playing with a Fischer-Price casette player. Prized possession at the time, right up there with Squeeky Bear and my rock collection. Little red plastic microphone in hand, I was in the midst of recording an EPIC tale in flawless baby gibberish involving lava and monsters over top of one of my dad's tapes. A young hobby of mine after my dad showed me how to do it.. I don't think he realized he would soon lose many of his tapes to baby nonsense.
The tape was Ziggy Stardust & the Spiders from Mars and I remember pressing the wrong buttons and the song It Ain't Easy came on. Suddenly, I imagined myself on top of a mountain, looking out over the sea. Thinking about the places perhaps, where a young man could be.. and what is a hoochie-koochie woman? And then Lady Stardust came on… and I couldn't believe how much better that story was than mine. I stopped recording my crazy baby gibberish story and listened to the songs. And then my musical tastes broadened from Sharon Louis & Bram and Fred Penner to include this gorgeous glamrock space alien god. And then a few years later I saw The Labyrinth and had all kinds of confusing love and devotion to this androgynous King. I don't think there was ever a period on my life where I got tired of listening to Bowie, or fell out of love with him. He always had something for me, no matter what colour my hair was or what music or books I was into or what my personality at the time was. He was all the flavours. It's too bad some people can't just earn immortality.
Anyway, it was violently stormy out when we set off towards the Wildlife park. By the time we got there, the wind was gusting 120km/hr and I could barely see the road in front of me to get to the main building. Not a good day for taking pictures of chubby raccoons and derp-faced deer. So we turned around. The only bright spot of the sad morning was because he had passed, the radio played nothing but Bowie. Even though it kept making my eyes puffy and wet, I couldn't have asked for anything cooler than the radio to play nothing but back-to-back Bowie the whole day. As if I was controlling all radio stations. So I spent the morning of the 31st year weeping uncontrollably and driving through a hurricane to see a deer. You stupid old bastard, why did you have to go on my birthday??
A woman called in to the radio to say the weather around the Louisbourgh lighthouse was insane. Since we were about 20 minutes away with no plans now, we headed there. It was mind blowing. Huge green waves shook the ground as they arched forwards and crashed into the rocks. As we drove up, and the spray went clear over our car. I took some videos but you cant really appreciate the scale of it all in such a small video. We sat and listened to the radio and watched the weather. I kept thinking, here in the car we are dry and safe and 5 feet ahead of us, we would be dead, violently crunched against the rocks. I started to feel better.
That he was born and died around my birthday makes me feel like he's connected to it in a way, like I get to keep him, a bit. It was a strange, but kind of wonderful birthday in all its wild and sad ways.
To end on a lighter note, here is a picture of my sweet ass shit kickers. My birthday boots!! Shiny pink patent leather and red plaid laces, just like I dreamed of. They are perfect. Bowie approved, I like to imagine.