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Brain Surgery Today
Brain surgery continues to instill enormous fear in everyone, even the most placid of individuals. Perhaps these fears can be allayed with some of the facts offered here.
The true miracle of the past 40 years regarding brain surgery is based on the following advancements:
- Diagnostic accuracy allows the surgeon to work precisely where he or she wants to work with amazing efficiency and reliability, each and every time. The result is that the surgical incision has been reduced to an absolute minimum. Smaller incisions, less tissue trauma, and better surgical planning have reduced the risk of brain surgery from almost 90% in the 1940's to about 2% in the 1990's.
- Anatomic visualization (CAT scan, spiral CAT scanningMRI, MRAngiography, digital angiography). These three dimensional reconstructions all use improved computers. These imaging techniques include: Transcranial doppler, S.P.E.C.T. (single photon emission tomography), Xenon cerebral blood flow studies, blood flow MRI etc. Thus, the surgeon can predict and avoid blood supply problems prior to surgery.
- "Functional" Imaging Studies (Functional MRI, Magnetoenceph-alography, EEG mapping studies, angiographic "stress" tests, e.g. the Wada test). All of these studies can help the surgeon avoid trouble after the patient wakes up from surgery. He can safely work through the "quiet" brain on his path to the problem with full confidence knowing that he will not damage the patient.
- Better lighting. Seeing is always believing, especially if you're a surgeon with a lot of experience and extensive knowledge of what can go wrong during an operation. With current lighting technology, even a very small and extremely deep approach to a brain lesion can be seen in the equivalent of broad daylight.
- The operating microscope. Magnification in three dimensions allows the surgeon to see every thing with astounding clarity. Recognition of vital structures is now routine, no matter how small they might be. The result has been a dramatic reduction in operative error.
- Coagulation instrumentation. Bleeding is almost never a problem for the brain surgeon. The need for blood transfusions has been almost eliminated, except for certain vascular lesions (e.g. brain aneurysms and certain rare tumors). The surgeon can stop bleeding reliably and easily with such instruments as the "bipolar forceps" (electric coagulation between the two ends of a fine instrument, ensuring no damage to surrounding brain), clotting agents such as "gelfoam," "avitine" (microfibrillar collagen), oxidized cottons and microvascular metallic clips of all shapes and sizes.
- Intraoperative guidance systems. Just as the space shuttle is guided in mid-flight, so the hand of the surgeon can be guided in mid-operation. Stereotactic guidance systems (involving surface markers or "frames," computers), three dimensional computer-assisted guidance systems (via infrared lights, lasers, mechanical arms, radiotelemetry), even real-time imaging such as intraoperative ultrasonic guidance systems and MRI, and finally computer-guided mechanical arms (hands free) are all available to today's surgeon.
One of the most beautiful ironies of this technology is that it allows the surgeon to minimize everything. It is now possible to do all of the following, in a more complete and accurate manner:
- Shorten the time of operation. Operations that used to take 12 hours now routinely take 1 – 2 hours, with better results!
- Spare the normal brain. In other words, the down side of brain surgery has been greatly reduced. "Exploratory" surgery no longer exists. The "music lessons" are almost always preserved. Patients rarely wake up with new neurologic problems.
- Do a better job. Total removal of tumors and vascular lesions is now possible. With primary brain tumors, 90-99% removal is now really possible with preservation of surrounding eloquent brain. (This was only a dream in the past).
- Improved patient outcomes. Risks are reduced, and patients do much better. You don't need to be "wiped out" by brain surgery anymore. It is not uncommon for patients to leave the hospital two days after their surgery. In other words, brain surgery does not have to be traumatic; furthermore, it is a most successful tool in the treatment of brain diseases.
NEW SURGICAL DEVELOPMENTS FROM BRAINLAB, USING THEIR NEW COMPUTER GUIDED SYSTEMS IN THE O.R. Watch Below

subset: commoncrawl


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I used to live near St. Clair & Bathurst, and more than once had the opportunity to stroll through Wychwood Park, a small private neighborhood just North of Davenport between Bathurst and Christie. Passing the gates into this place is like walking through some portal into a 19th century English hamlet. Unlike those surrounding it, its streets and property lots don't conform to a grid pattern. The approximately 60 houses line the hilly and winding single street that circles through the area, some of them adorably quaint, some of them astonishingly modern. I don't have even have the remotest familiarity with architecture or the history of building design, but the feeling of those few blocks brought up images of the English countryside, reading the Romantics by the fire, and reflective walks through green, idyllic landscapes; and it turns out that's exactly what it's supposed to feel like.
In 1874, a Toronto artist named Marmaduke Matthews (Who is the recipient of the Hogtown Crier Award for the best name in Toronto's history) built a house on his newly purchased land north of Davenport Road. At the time, it was not technically part of Toronto proper, but did form a small part of Yorkville, a township that bordered the city which was slowly annexed into Toronto.
This map is from 1877. Matthews' property was the vertically-running #6 on lot 26 on this map and was comprised largely of forest on all sides. Matthews named the house he built "Wychwood" after Wychwood Forest, a park with its own amazing history that was near his childhood home in England. (This is a pretty distant footnote, but the name Wychwood comes from "huiccewudu", a name derived from the kingdom of Hwicce, an early Medieval Anglo-Saxon Kindgom where the forest was located. Using a few degrees and a millennia or two of separation, it's safe for me to say there's basically a Medieval kingdom in mid-town Toronto).
Soon after Matthews built his house, him and his friend Alexander Jardine bought another plot of land to the West (#5 on that map above), where Jardine built his own house, named Braemore (presumably after the region in Scotland, but that's my own conjecture). Matthews and Jardine had a vision for this newly acquired land: They wished to create a pastoral haven for artists such as themselves, with the property private and the aesthetics established and maintained at a proper standard. They soon set about dividing their property into smaller lots with the hope of attracting their friends and colleagues from the art world who were sympathetic to and excited for what Wychwood Park could become.
In 1891 Matthews and Jardine proposed the subdivision to the city, with 38 properties split up throughout their land. In their trust deed they also stipulated a number of land use rules, ranging from how much each house should cost (at least $3000, which is about $80,000 current dollars), to claiming the right to shut out the public to their streets, to setting a minimum frontage for each house, to the materials that houses should be built with. This was actually even before Toronto had zoning by-laws in place. They started attracting new residents by 1905, and over the following decade or so they had sold most of those initial 38 properties to artists who were friends of Matthews and his other friend George A. Reid, who was apparently a well-known and influential artist at the time.
Most of the early houses were designed by an architect named Eden Smith, who also designed and built his own house in Wychwood Park. The vision for the aesthetic of the community was to have "a landscape with houses in it," with houses that were "intimately related to their landscape settings, blending in." Taddle Creek ran through the property and was eventually dammed up to create a pond at the centre of the community. Marmaduke Matthews passed away in 1913, and a group of trustees living in the park took over its organization. More houses were built throughout the 20s, and a few more in the 50s to bring the number up to around 60. The restrictions on materials and frontage and cost were different at that point, so those more modern houses weren't necessarily in keeping with the rest of the building styles, a trend that has continued into our current day.
Many of these houses passed down through families for a few generations, but almost all the houses are now owned by a wider variety of Toronto elite, with less interest in the original hope that Matthews had for Wychwood Park, and more interest in the natural beauty, the uniqueness of the neighborhood and its properties, and the ingrained exclusivity the Park provides. Some of the original houses have been torn down in order to make room for places like this or this, but the feeling in the place remains. That's not to say its always been a picturesque place to live, there have been some odd occurrences in Wychwood Park's more recent history (see this story from the National Post and this one from the Star). But in 1985 the area was designated, both municipally and provincially, as a Heritage Conservation District under the Ontario Heritage Act of 1975, becoming the first such district in Toronto. Over its 120+ years of existence, some of the other famous residents have included Charles Currely, the first director of the ROM, and Marshall McLuhan. While they may have been more historically influential and had access to one of Toronto's more beautiful residential enclaves, unfortunately none of them will ever rival Marmaduke Matthews on my list of Torontonians with the best names ever. Nice work, Marmaduke.


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[Q] dowload "watch later" youtube
hi all
i'm interested in downloading my "watch later" video's directly to my handset while on a wifi connection for later viewing while i'm commuting to and from work.
this used to be possible but the latest update has removed this option.
the use case:
identify a youtube video i want to watch
add it to watch later
if my handset is on wifi, it should start to download the video direct to the phone.
(a nice feature would be to only download the audio if possible)
does anyone know if this is possible ?


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For a knife you can get a real grip on and give your fingers some protection get the Knuckle Saver Cobra Knife. With the stainless steel construction, cord wrapped handle and finger protecting rings this knife is easy to use, hard to lose, and once you pick it up you will feel it is almost impossible to put down. With a swept back blade it is great for slashing and well as piercing. This knife features a cobra graphic and also includes a nylon sheath for carry on the go and safe storage. Get the Knuckle Saver Cobra Knife today for the ultimate in handheld offence and defense.
We want you to be 100% satisfied with your purchase. We know that when you buy online, you expect a great deal and we feel that you deserve it which is why we offer our Price Match Guarantee. If you find the same product that we sell somewhere else on the internet for less than what we sell it for, we will try to either beat that price or match it - GUARANTEED. The product must be in new condition and have the same model number, manufacturer and be posted on the competitor's website. We strive to give you the very best customer service with the lowest priced, quality products.
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|Application Service Providing (ASP)
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ASP means that you only pay for your services as long as you actually need them. You only pay a small setup fee and then a monthly service charge, that includes all software updates and necessary training.
Using NAPEX, the web content management system, all your services are used and managed on the web - no local installation is necessary!
Our high-performance, high-speed, ultra-broadband servers make sure your services run with the feel of a local application.
Should you prefer to have your own in-house NAPEX server, we will set this up, deliver, install, and run it for you.
Any web hosting plan can be handled by us. Ranging from the single domain shared-server scheme to your own co-location dedicated server.
We will consult you with the right solution depending on your needs.
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We take care of all DNS services and integration with web and mail.


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The theme for next 3 days for BM# 8 will be "Cooking with 5 ingredients or less". I turned to Vegetarian Times magazine for inspiration, since they have a monthly feature called "5 ingredients". I wanted to try new recipes that make a meal or at least a filling snack and do not require any side dishes to go with it.
Today I made this simple rice dish with left-over rice and it seems it is made as a breakfast dish in the Philippines with lots of garlic. Eating rice for breakfast may sound strange to some of non-rice eating people, but for us rice being the staple grain it was served for all 3 meals in the day. I remember my mom making lemon rice or alu-bhath or tomato rice or some fancied up rice dish with left over rice, which kept us going until lunch time.
I did not count salt and pepper as ingredients, please use them as needed in the recipe.
Print Recipe
|Prep Time
|4 serving
|10 minutes
|Cook Time
|20 minutes
Sinangag (Filipino Garlic Fried Rice)
- 4 cups Rice Cooked
- 4 Eggs
- 3 tbsp Oil
- 5 cloves Garlic , thinly chopped (original recipe calls for 9 cloves, I cut it down to 5; but if you are a garlic lover, I would suggest you go with the full amount)
- 1 bunch Green onions - white and green parts finely chopped
- Whisk eggs with 1 tbsp water in a small bowl.
- Heat 2tsp oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add eggs tilting to coat the bottom of the pan, and cook 3-4 minutes until the eggs are firm like an omelet. Flip carefully and cook on the other side for another minute. Remove onto a cutting board and cut into 2" strips and set aside.
- Add the remaining oil to the same pan and keep the heat at medium. Stir in the chopped garlic and cook 3-4 minutes or until lightly browned, stirring often.
- Add the chopped green onions (reserve some green parts for garnish) and saute for another 2 minutes.
- Next add the cooked rice, increase the heat to high, and cook 3-4 minutes, or until the rice begins to brown.
- Season with salt and pepper, and stir in the chopped eggs and garnish with the reserved green parts of the scallions.
Lets check out what my fellow marathoners have cooked up for Day 5 of BM# 8.


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FMB or Pharmacy Got Talent is one of the series of the Anniversary Celebration of Faculty of Pharmacy UGM held on September 21, 2017. Bringing up a theme "Unity over Culture Diversity", the performance from each class is expected to be able to unite the diversities of ethnics, cultures, thoughts, and talents. Therefore, FMB also provides a chance to show the hidden talents in front of whole students of Faculty of Pharmacy UGM. FMB is officially opened by Dean of Faculty of Pharmacy UGM. "The faculty always supports various student activities to practice their soft skills and talents," said the Dean in his speech.
Like other talent seeking competitions, FMB also has some judges to assess every performance presented by each class. The judges are none other than lecturers in Faculty of Pharmacy UGM, and this time three appointed lecturers given chances to witness the extraordinary talents are Dr Hilda Ismail, M.Si., Apt.; Ratna Budhi Pebriana, M.Sc., Apt., and M. Novrizal, M.Eng., Apt. Besides, to make the atmosphere lively, each class has to send a fans club as a supporter and cheerleading, so all class members can take part actively in FMB even without directly performing on stage.
Not only does FMB offer interesting performances but also some free door prizes such as vouchers and goodie bags for the lucky performers and audience. As an appreciation of the performances, the Committee of Dies natalis provides a prize for first winner, runner up, most favourite performers, and best supporters in a form of cash money as much as 400,000 IDR; 300,000 IDR; 200,000 IDR; and 200,000 IDR respectively. The fortunate winners are Industrial Pharmacy Class of 2014 (1st winner), Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Class of 2014 (2nd winner), Class C of 2015 (most favourite performers), and Class C of 2016 (Best Supporters). Congratulations to the winners, and a huge cheer goes to those who have not won the competition, and see you on the next FMB (Student Executive Board of Faculty of Pharmacy)


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Location : Petite Ile / Sud
Holiday Rental
Independent gite with 3 bedrooms (2 double beds and 2 single beds), hot water, refrigerator, and terrace with views over the sea. Possibility to have set price for housecleaning.
一般设施洗衣机 烧烤 提供床单
房间设施冰箱 洗碗机
比较"Le Val'rie"类似的替代品
SALEM Willy
Location : Saint Pierre / Sud Holiday Rental Independent gite including one double bedroom and one twin bedroom with sea views. Situated 5 km from Saint-Pierre town centre and close to all amenities.
Orky Mel
Welcome, feel like at home ! The tone is given, wide smiles and cheeky eyes, Christine, Jean and their son Hoarau welcome you in their paradise. Farmers, beekeepers, orchidologists, it's in august 2008 that Christine and Jean opened the doors of their cottage named the Orky-mel. What a very pretty name to describe their shared passion for flowers and the honey reaping!
Case Beauregard***
In Petite -Île in the Sud Sauvage, Case Beauregard has 2 guesthouses available for rent including one triple and one double room. The rooms are equipped with fan,TV, heated towel rail and separate terrace. The accommodation offers a 180° panoramic view of the ocean from Grande-Anse to Saint-Pierre and over Piton Mont Vert. Fridge-freezer and microwave at guests' disposal.
Build: 2019/11/29 11:45:56, Host: online3core19, DB: o3.cbguide-6888.cbischannel-16961 online3data03.db.citybreak.com:8080, Controller: Accommodation, Action: showdetails


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Speculation? Clay and Gemma had been having a relationship on the side for some time after Gemma became John's 'Old Lady', possibly even being the true sire of one or both of Gemma's sons. John found out about this and in anguish aimed his Harley at the front grill of an oncoming semi.
- Unlikely, since Jax and his brother were born with the same heart defect as Abel, and Gemma calls it the "Teller family curse," suggesting that it was in JT's blood and not hers. She could have been lying about that, I guess, but why?
- I'm pretty sure she just says "the family flaw," and she has a heart surgery scar on her chest, which suggests strongly to me that it was from her.
- Apparently jossed in "John 8:32," when Gemma tells Nero that she didn't start growing closer to Clay until after Thomas died and JT had started cheating with Maureen. While it's true that Gemma is flexible with the truth when it suits her, the framing of the scene strongly suggests that she was being truthful (at least, from her perspective).
- There's also the fact that Jax is blond, while John Teller has brown hair. Clay, on the other hand...
- It's since been revealed that Clay definitely had Lowell Sr. tamper with JT's bike. If JT decided to end it himself, he sure picked a very coincidental time to do so.
- Piney also remarks on several occasions Jax bears a resemblance to JT. This could, however, be Piney seeing what he wants to see.
- Horatio — Tara
- Polonius — Piney
- Ophelia — Opie
- Laertes — Possibly Opie again.
- Rosencrantz and Guildenstern — I'm betting Bobby, and possibly Chibs or Juice.
- Fortinbras — Hale. The Nords may look like Norway, but Hale's the guy who's going to inherit Charming when the Sons are all dead.
- Except now, he's dead.
Kozik is gay and at some point in time (possibly after Tig was divorced from his wife) entered into a sexual relationship with Tig. The dog was something Tig purchased after his divorce and he saw it as a replacement for his daughters, who he may have been denied access to after the divorce. Kozik in turn also saw the dog as a surrogate child, in the way that many gay couples treat their pets as their surrogate children since they can not have children on their own. But the relationship fell apart, most likely because Tig isn't exclusively gay whereas Kozik is exclusively homosexual. And in the midst of the break-up, something happened to the dog while it was in Kozik's company.
It also explains why Kozik is constantly trying to start a fight with Tig/violence prone: as a gay man in the insanely masculine world of outlaw bikers, Kozik feels he has to be quick to violence in order to ensure no one thinks of him as a sissy incapable of holding his own due to his homosexuality. Tig might have also made homophobic remarks to Kozik, calling out his manhood due to him being gay and accused him of stalking Tig after the fact (which would explain the dialogue from Kozik's first appearance in terms of him getting into Tig's face).
- This seems incredibly unlikely and actually a little ignorant to me. There's a lot of assertions about gay men/couples here that aren't true.
- The show has a fairly long production time between seasons, but in universe the time between seasons is fairly short(matter of weeks), and a given season rarely covers more than a couple months. Barely a full year(if that) has passed since the first episode in show. Season 4 will bridge that gap.
- Confirmed. Season 4 picks up 14 months later with the cast getting out of jail, enough time for Abel to become a toddler and Tara to give birth and have a seven-month-old.
- She appears at random times and places and always to push one member of the Teller family in a particularly destiny laden direction.
- She showed up in Charming, just outside of Charming at the revival, in Ireland, and at the California/ Oregon border.
- She actually does say "Abel will help my boys." The second line "Able to help my boys," is a correction. That makes sense if one sees "her boys" as the members of the club.
- Her original appearance comes just after at the same time as Donna and Opie's decision to take the family to Abel's coming home party.
- Donna's appearance at the party led directly to her death at Tig's handswhich led to a number of other deaths throughout the series.
- Her second appearance leads Gemma to the conclusion that she is meant to be a "fierce mother." This leads her to follow Polly Zobell which leads to the deaths of Edmund and Polly and through those deaths, to the death of Half-Sack.
- Her blink and you miss it appearance in Ireland leads to the deaths of Abel's adoptive parents and pretty much everyone else connected to the kidnapping.
- Her most recent appearance keeps Jax from preventing Tara's career-threatening injury, which keeps Jax and his children in Charming and in the MC. If they are providing her with a steady body count why would she let them leave?
- As on John 8:32 we see her again watching a young girl who's mother was killed in a pileup caused by the semi that killed John Teller. Jax claims an old photo of her looks familiar and its insinuated that she is the homeless woman. Bear in mind, that the daughter herself suffers from bi-polar disorder as her late mother according to the father. The homeless claimed the same condition to Gemma.
- I'm not sure where Sutter is going with this woman. Right before this scene Tara is singing to Thomas a song about angels before the actual song fades in and we see these two. Maybe this woman is actually some sort of guardian angel.
- She also appeared in season 5 talking to a plush horse in a trash bin. This was during the big shakedown at the dog fights. I don't remember what she said, but Jax seemed to be the only on who noticed her. Right after this Jax set into motion his plan to set up Damian Pope and Clay Marrow.
- In the series finally she appears at the Courthouse and tells Jax "it's time" and gives him her blanket. Right after there's a scene showing what she was eating: bread and wine. It can't be much clear than that that she is either God or a servant of Him.
- It would explain the angel of death theory above, as he and John were "well acquainted," and lawlessness is sort of a family tradition for the two clans.
- Seriously, how else could she have shown up in Ireland?
- Will be to get Clay (or possibly Tig) to kill Damon Pope, then kill Clay (or Tig) and collect the bounty for killing Pope's killer. Then he and Tara will ride off into the sunset with their babies.
- Jossed, mostly. Jax did get Tig to kill Pope, but his play was to hand Tig over to Pope, kill Pope's goons and then grant Tig his vengeance, framing Clay in the process. The ride into the sunset was made impossible by Tara's arrest over the death of the nurse.
- The club owes Nero a lot of money, but he will not accept cash as payment. Seeing how Nero is slipping back into his old gang ways, this will most likely lead to him forcing the Sons to do things they don't want to.
- It's actually shaping up to be the opposite; with the club drawing more heat, Nero reflects on how small time he's always been and is intimidated by the weight of problems that SAMCRO has.
- At least until he found out about the things Jax has been doing behind his back...
- It's actually shaping up to be the opposite; with the club drawing more heat, Nero reflects on how small time he's always been and is intimidated by the weight of problems that SAMCRO has.
- He was at this stage the Big Good, if a Manipulative Bastard, and in light of the events of the events of season six so far it's hinted that the Rico case may be opened up again. With the school shooting and the Sons having to silence witnesses it seems that it will be something even the Galinda Cartel and CIA will have to let go of the deal they made. And with Lee Toric on a Roaring Rampage of Revenge who is to say he won't work with a like minded oddball, or at least bring him in?
- Otto, that's who.
- I did not see this coming. Well the door may still be open for Potter's return but somehow I think the series is going more into the destruction of Jax and the Sons instead. This Darker and Edgier direction is hinted at in clothing of a rifle firing reaper before the season began, so I would say now they Shoo Out the Clowns and if it ends with Kill 'Em All it would not be a big surprise.
- Since the ending of the quite eventful Season 6, things have cleared up quite a bit more, and this is how I think Season 7 will be set up: Unser will be Claudius, Juice will be Laertes, and of course Jax and Gemma are Hamlet and Gertrude. So, the layout might go something like this:
- Ghost of Hamlet's father: J.T. and his writings. Could also be the Homeless Woman, in a weird way.
- Polonius: Clay (Interesting note: In very early drafts of the script, he was to be the father of Tara, and throughout the series he has played a father-like figure to Juice.)
- Ophelia: Tara and Opie.
- Rosencrantz and Guildenstern: Hard to say at this point, but it will end up being two members of the club, maybe Tig and Bobby.
- Fortinbras: Again, hard to say, but it could end up being Chibs. After all, Chibs came from the Irish charter (In this instance, it could be seen as Norway), and his father (Keith McGee, in this case "King Fortinbras") was killed by someone close to Jax (Though not "Claudius" in this instance).
- Alternatively it could be Marcus Alvarez and the Mayans MC. Throughout the series they've always been looming in the back round and have always wanted Charming for themselves and now that Nero has allied with them against August Marks (which by extension means SAMCRO) and the fact that they're opening up a charter in Stockton (a move that threatens their new escort business) the stage is set for them finally settling their bumpy history with SOA.
- Best candidate for Fortinbras right now is Gaines, the new Indian Hills prez. Jury (old Norway) becomes a vassal to the Sons (Denmark). Then his Gaines becomes the leader and takes over when the club is at its weakest. Besides, while Fortinbras is a minor character, he's important to the finale. And you don't give a bit part to Tony Curran without there being a larger scope to the role.
- Horatio: Abel and Thomas, who are told of all this through Jax's journals. This role could also end up being played by Nero.
From what we've seen, Jax is definitely getting out of prison in the first episode and his main priority will be to find the person who killed Tara. We also know that something huge will happen by the third or fourth episode, and that Jax will take out his rage on the person he thinks did it. Of course he won't figure out that it was Gemma who did the act at first. From what we know, it seems like Jax will think Juice, who is on the run already, presumably for his betrayal, did it, and Gemma will back this up to avoid any heat being brought on her. Jax will kill him, and then the rest of the season will focus on all of the conflicts, primarily the war with the Mayans and possibly Biz-Lats, as well as the many arcs established by all the guest stars this year. The last few episodes, or possibly just the finale itself, will see Jax finding out the truth and, as he'd put it, "Getting to the bottom of things, bro."
If it isn't Juice, then it may be Unser who is framed, or maybe some kind of secondary character, although how either of those would work is beyond me. Chalk it up to Jax being blind with rage, I guess?
- Y'all know the Every Episode Ending of the emblem? Well given the direction the series is headed this had been on my mind ever since...Donna's death actually. What if for the Season Finale they have the reaper come up as normal, then we hear a Nightmare Fuel inducing sound and it turns blood red? Maybe even have it animated and come alive. Kurt Sutter take note, I think with the dark direction the show has taken that would be a powerful way to end the series.
- Either he gets out for good, or he checks out, as it were. I strongly doubt he will finish the series still at the gavel.
- It's unlikely both will be drawing air at the conclusion. But either way, he may never find out it was her who killed Tara.
- The Hamlet theme practically demands they both die.
- Confirmed for both.
- Jax just referred to him as a five year old instead of his proper age because he's a bad father and can't remember his own son's age. Think about it: A lot of dialogue from season six indicates that at most, only three years have passed since the pilot episode. Wendy mentions that Jax almost caused her to "throw away three years of sobriety" in an early season six episode, and she only sobered up after she gave birth to Abel, and Tara tells Nero that Clay was killed because he murdered Piney "a few months ago" in the eleventh episode of the same season. In addition to that, the math just doesn't add up. At most, eight months have passed during the first two seasons, with only a week passing in season three. Then fourteen months pass between three and four, and coupled with Tara's dialogue, only a few months passed between the deaths of the two First 9 members two seasons apart. So unless there was a huge unmentioned time skip prior to season four's eighth episode, or after the eleventh episode of season six, there's no way Abel could be five. Also, Thomas is only a year and a half younger than Abel, so if Abel was five, wouldn't Thomas be three and a half and capable of moving around on his own instead of being carried all the time like he is in the show? Jax is just a bad dad or one with a bad memory, and that's quite a depressing WMG.
- Jossed. Explicitly stated by several people that he's five. Writers Cannot Do Math
- With one episode left, five days to go, let's throw this out in the open. Ratboy is seen as a loyal member who had been given quite a bit of focus. Hints had been dropped a couple of times over him doing the right thing. What if for the last episode it turns out he actually is a rat and working towards taking down the Sons for another gang or the law?
- Jossed.
- After finishing his time at ICE, Vic became a trucker. Come on. How hasn't this been proposed yet?
- However, The Shield is shown to be fictional in the world of Sons of Anarchy....so maybe Milo is actually...Michael Chiklis whose acting career didn't continue in this universe?


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*As always, originally published on R/GA FutureVision. Happy reading!
Privacy Update: One Year After The Snowden Revelations
- Edward Snowden set in motion a series of revelations about NSA spying on June 5th, 2013. One year later, it's safe to say that privacy and personal data are top of mind for today's consumers: scandalous stories break on an almost daily basis about governments spying on citizens and companies misusing personal data, and mistrust and fear is growing after numerous attacks by criminal hackers. Just this week, we learned the NSA is collecting millions of photos around the web each day for facial recognition targeting and Vodafone revealed that government agencies can tap into phone calls in twenty-nine countries.
- With these (and many other) revelations, it's no surprise that 80% of Internet users believe privacy in the digital age doesn't exist anymore. Increasingly, individuals are trying to find ways to protect themselves online. Corporations are also making a more concerted effort to educate consumers on their online privacy, and give them the tools they need to protect their personal data. Google announced an encryption tool for Gmail this week, and the Reset the Net campaign is spreading the word about NSA-resistant privacy tool.
- But the privacy debate is a complex story, one complicated by the benefits consumers receive from giving their personal data to brands. The growing demand for personalized products and services is made possible by the influx of data; moving forward, consumers will have to balance the desire for personalization with the trepidation over being tracked. Is there a middle ground, and a way for brands to responsibly collect data while providing personalized products and service? The FutureVision team explores the issue in our latest trend brief, "Privacy, Personalization, and Earned Data."
The Connected Home: Apple 2014 vs. Microsoft 1999
- Among the slew of updates and announcements Apple announced at this year's WWDC, the company confirmed last week's rumor of an automated home platform. According to Apple, Home Kit attempts to solve one common challenge to the home automation market: standard communication protocol. "By promoting a common protocol for home automation devices and making a public API available for configuring and communicating with those devices, Home Kit makes possible a marketplace where the app a user controls their home with doesn't have to be created by the vendor who made their home automation accessories, and where home automation accessories from multiple vendors can all be integrated into a single coherent whole without those vendors having to coordinate directly with each other." In December of 2013, Qualcomm announced the AllSeen Alliance in an effort to create a standard for the Internet of Things, so Apple faces competition for defining the common communication protocol.
- Home Kit users will rely on Siri and voice commands to control the home, which is eerily similar to a 1999 Microsoft video, which imagined an smart home controlled by making commands to virtual assistant "Astro." Although Microsoft predicts that the control hub for a smart home is through a PC rather than a mobile device, the video was amazingly ahead of its time in technology predictions; identification through facial recognition, connected lights and thermostats, and a digital scanning tool that automatically adds grocery items to a list.
Must Read: The Emerging Global Web
- Take some time to flip through this great presentation, "The Emerging Global Web." The presentation highlights how the web is changing; 15 years ago, developed nations drove Internet traffic, but now it's traffic from emerging markets that are showing the real growth. Mobile is at the heart of this change, and has allowed consumers in emerging markets to connect to the web.
- Mobile is transforming how people shop (Commerce is huge on Instagram, Facebook, and messaging services, as well as virtual markets) and how people bank and pay for goods(MPesa and Alipay), and unlike in the West, QR codes are booming in popularity. And rather than be restricted by constraints like lagging infrastructure, brands in emerging markets are finding innovative solutions to reach consumers through mobile services.
FV Feed: Social Commerce 2.0?
In 2010, Mark Zuckerberg was famously quoted as saying, "If I had to guess social commerce is the next big area to blow up." Fast-forward four years, and social commerce has not yet lived up to the hype. Early experiments like Facebook Collections and Facebook Gifts largely floundered, and while Facebook is still far from figuring out social commerce, other networks like Twitter and Instagram are making strides:
Twitter has doubled-down on commerce, hiring former Ticketmaster CEO Nathan Hubbard as the head of commerce last year and Google's Philippe Dauman Jr. as a director of commerce partnerships to making Twitter an easier place to shop. Hashtags have emerged as a powerful shopping tool, with Amazon trialing #AmazonCart and Starbucks finding success with their recent Tweet-A-Coffee campaign.
One thing to note, however, is that commerce on Twitter (or any social platform) is still not a seamless, one-click endeavor… but one that Twitter could soon solve with a "Buy" button.
Instagram is also a burgeoning social commerce channel, and the platform's hurdles to commerce makes buying with a hashtag easy. Because Instagram currently doesn't support commerce, or even urls in posts, current attempts at commerce are completely manual and difficult. Yet the platform's visual nature and popularity with fashionistas has made it a hotspot for social commerce. Zappos is piloting a personal stylist service through Instagram and Vogue (along with a myriad of fashion bloggers) are experimenting with Like to Know It. In Kuwait, Instagram commerce is so popular, even grandmothers have an Instagram business, and in the US, small retailers like Fox & Fawn in Brooklyn are seeing up to 90% of daily transactions occur on Instagram.
Why, despite its clunkiness and ad-hoc systems, is Instagram commerce heating up? According to Connie Wang, Head of Style, Refinery 29, "[Instagram is] so much more personal. It's not a Facebook or Twitter where everything seems like an advertorial. On Instagram, it feels like a discovery because you aren't there to shop — but if something catches your eye and it's available, you're more likely to buy it."
Will 2014 be the year social commerce finally comes to fruition? We're still in the early stages, but it should be top of mind for retailers wishing to provide a seamless shopping experience for consumers.
World Cup Fever: Ad Watch
- All eyes are on Brazil as the World Cup officially kicks off next week. 3.2 billion people watched the 2010 World Cup, making it the world's most watched sporting event (in comparison, the 2012 Super Bowl only had 108 million viewers). Those numbers also make the World Cup a huge opportunity for brands to reach a global, engaged audience. But in 2010, Nike received the largest share of digital World Cup buzz… besting all official sponsors of the tournament without ever actually mentioning the World Cup.
- This year, Nike is building a similar level of buzz with its "Winner Stays" spot, and other non-sponsors like Beats by Dre are also making a splash with fans. This week's most powerful spot, however, comes from Banco de Chile, and features the rescued Chilean miners making a passionate speech about not fearing "The Group of Death."
Long Reads: On How We Work
- This article in the NY Times stirred up controversy this week: Why You Hate Work…
- While Sweden, perhaps recognizing that "The more hours people work beyond 40 — and the more continuously they work — the worse they feel, and the less engaged they become," (source: Why You Hate Work) gets ready to test a six-hour work day.
- The Atlantic takes a look at the open-office plan, and why they are particularly harmful for introverts.


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The DL&W Railroad operated a fleet of passenger and automobile ferrier between Manhattan and Lackawanna Terminal in Hoboken, NJ. I remember riding 'the boats' as a child with my late father and still can recall the aroma of the river's brackish water to this day.
Classic trains, stations, shops, yards, steam, diesel, traction, and more!
Welcome to Vintage Railroad Postcards!
Thank you for stopping by! This is the blog for the Russell P. Panecki Collection of vintage railroad-related postcards. The entire collection consists of nearly one thousand so far with images dating from circa 1904 to the 1950s. To leave a comment, ask a question, to contribute or correct historical information, a comment box is located to the left for your convenience.
Each page, including this homepage, has an index located in the lower portion of the page. In addition to the index, posts were updated with historical information, new postcards added from storage files, while some posts were completely rewritten or edited for corrections. Three articles have been added and are worth reading. They include how vintage postcards were made, the history of Pennsylvania Station, and the history of Grand Central Terminal.
My apologies, but the postcards in my collection and on this blog are not available for sale, copying, or for contribution to projects. Please keep in mind that I reserve all rights to the images and content of this blog.
Sunday, October 11, 2015
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FryAir Touch Black Digital
Fryair ...the Oil-Less Fryer - Uses air instead of Oil!!
The FryAir Touch is digital and our latest model. It has all the features of the classic model plus more.........Added features are
FRYAIR Air Fryer - the healthy, new way to enjoy all of your favourite foods! Roast chicken, pizza, french fries, steak, steamed vegetables and more....Cook all these delicious meals without the need to add oil. Cooking with the FRYAIR seals in the natural juices enabling you to make tasty air-fried food without the fat. Create delicious french fries, snacks and meals that are crispy on the outside and tender on the inside. With the FRYAIR you can fry nearly anything...and fast!
FRYAIR Air-Fryer uses a powerful combination of infrared heat, convection and conduction to cook your favourite foods without the oil in minutes! It does not require preheating and cooks quickly while retaining the mouth-watering juices of your favourite food.
In 3 EASY steps you can enjoy a healthy new way to cook in minutes with no mess! Simply place the food (fresh or frozen) into the FRYAIR oven, Select from the pre set menu or simply put time and tempreture in manually, it's that easy! It almost sounds too good to be true; that is, until you've tried it! Start cooking with your FRYAIR today and enjoy an oil free meal in no time!
What's in the basic AirFry package?
FryAir Digital Air Fryer/Oven
Tongs - for lifting hot food out of the FryAir
Baking Cage - Use the baking cage to cook french fries, wedges, roasted root vege's, prawns or any other foods that require constant turning to achieve even cooking.
Rack - The rack can be used in either the high or low position depending on how close you need the food to be to the heat source. The low rack is best for foods that require longer cooking while the high rack is good for quicker cooking foods such as chicken wings, pizza and prawns.
Rotisserie Set - Use for roasting your favourite meats and chickens evenly by rotisserie.
Free Deluxe Accessory Package - Promotion only!
Skewer Rack - 10 prong kebab wheel perfect for bbq kebabs all year round
Flat Rack - designed for fish and flat meats and great for toasting bread (uses rotisserie pole)
24cm Oven Tray - great for pasta, potatoes etc
24cm Steamer Tray - for steaming vegetables, fish etc
Some examples of how you can use your FryAir .
Pizza - Make delicious pizzas at home with your new FRYAIR. Set the timer to 15-20 minutes and cook at 200 degrees using the high rack.
Steak - The FRYAIR Oil-Less Fryer can also cook steaks. Set the timer to 12-16 minutes to cook steak at 190 degrees using the high rack.
Chicken Wings - Make tasty chicken wings in a matter of minutes. Cook for 15-20 minutes at 200 degrees using the baking cage/High rack and the baking tray.
Steamed Fish - Prepare a variety of different seafood dishes using the FRYAIR. Set the timer to 15-20 minutes and cook at 230 degrees using the high rack and steamer.
French Fries - Make delicious french fries with your FRYAIR. Cook fries for 25-30 minutes at 230 degrees using the baking cage.
Roast Chicken - Enjoy healthy roast chicken dishes without grease or oil. Just set the timer to 30-35 minutes and cook at 200 degrees using the fork or low rack. Size 12
- Voltage: 220v - 240v
- Power Consumption: 1200W - 1400W
- Temperature Range: 40°C -250°C
- Capacity: 10L
- Outside: 35cm Diameter
- Inside: 28cm Diameter
- Height: 36cm at it's highest
- Widest Point (from outside): 45cm
1 year warranty


text: Should You Invest in Exchange Traded Funds? There are hundreds of ETFs available. Should you invest in them? Share | Have A Question About This Topic? Name Email Address Question Thank you! Oops! Related Contents The Rule of 72 Do you know how long it may take for your investments to double in value? The Rule of 72 is a quick way to figure it out. Four Really Good Reasons to Invest There are four very good reasons to start investing. Do you know what they are? Keys to Investing for Retirement There are some key concepts to understand when investing for retirement.


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"They just want to throw peanuts at us. But the genie is out of the bottle. They will not be able to restrain our capacity."Akbar Al Baker, CEO Qatar Airways
Like Emirates and Etihad, state-owned Qatar Airways serves EU destinations with large aeroplanes, selling tickets at very low prices for flights namely to Asia-Pacific via Doha. Qatar Airways and government officials have not been fully transparent in demonstrating how much their growth (which far exceeds normal market patterns) is financed. Foreign companies doing business in Europe need to adhere to the same principles which apply to European companies doing business in Europe. European consumers benefit when there is a level playing field, with airlines competing fairly.
With the help of subsidies, Qatar Airways is able to offer unnecessary capacity at non-economical prices with the objective of gaining market share at the expense of airlines working under normal commercial conditions.
Government subsidies received by Qatar Airways totaling
€15.3 billion include:
Government subsidies received by Qatar Airways totaling
€15.3 billion include:
Government interest free loans- €575 million in avoided interest
Debt forgiveness – €7.2 billion in government loans, shareholder advances, and in kind contributions that are never expected to be repaid
Government loan guarantees
Outright, non-repayable grants and other non-monetary contributions
Airport tax exemptions and rebates
Government bestowal of free land valued at €421 million
Qatar Airways Aircraft on Order
0Subsidies can buy a lot these days
Learn about the other subsidized carriers
Etihad Airways
One of the subsidized carriers of the United Arab Emirates, Etihad Airways, has been collecting subsidies since it was founded in mid-2003. How else are they going to pay for all of their sports sponsorships?
Find Out Here
Emirates, the national airline of Dubai has collected subsidies from their government since 2004. Learn the different ways they have collected their subsidies from the United Arab Emirates.
Find Out Here
Take Action
Gulf subsidies are threatening European aviation jobs. Protect fair competition and sound aviation policies by signing the E4FC petition.
Take Action


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- Details
- Published: Thursday, 27 December 2018 08:03
- Written by aap
Congratulations on the Australian Federal Police for sending three innocent men and one courageous lady (Big brave police they are!), to be tried by the paedophile protecting family court judges.
By the way, great news press with the AFP's Debbie Platz saying


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Recycling non-ferrous metals
(Recyclers non-ferrous metal scraps)
Moogambigai Metal Recycling was started in the year 2000. It started its operations as a trading company and also as a scrap collection center for ferrous, non-ferrous and plastic scraps. Currently, we have our scrap collection centers available in various cities of Bangalore, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Mangalore and other centers in the southern region likely Kerala, Tamilnadu and Karnataka. we are recycling aluminium, copper and zinc scraps to make metal alloys and remelted ingots.
- Aluminium scraps
- Zinc scraps
- Copper scraps


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Managing Global Finance and Risk
Garry J. Schinasi, Burkhard Drees, and William Lee
The turbulence that swept through financial markets in the fall of 1998 was a wake-up call. It revealed that risk-management practices and supervisory and regulatory frameworks did not fully take account of the changing nature of private financial risk-taking, market dynamics, and systemic risk.
Russia's unilateral debt restructuring in August 1998 and the subsequent ruble devaluation sent shock waves through mature financial markets. Many investors experienced dramatic losses. One of the world's largest hedge funds, Long-Term Capital Management (LTCM), found itself near collapse in September 1998—setting off a chain reaction of further losses for financial market participants. Even though the U.S. authorities facilitated a private rescue of the fund, markets continued to be uneasy, causing a pullback in lending and raising the specter of a credit crunch.
The turbulence uncovered weaknesses in the international financial system and called into question the adequacy of existing defenses against systemic risk in light of changes that have transformed the world of finance. First, market discipline may have been undermined by the existence of financial safety nets such as deposit insurance and lenders of last resort, and many financial institutions may now be considered too important to fail. Second, modern risk-management practices—such as marking to market, margin calls, dynamic hedging, and frequent portfolio rebalancing to meet internal and regulatory capital requirements—allow institutions to make rapid adjustments in response to new information and reappraisals of risk. When such adjustments are made by large institutions with international operations, spillovers may occur between seemingly unrelated markets. Third, the growing use of off-balance-sheet transactions has made it easier for institutions to leverage their capital positions. During economic booms, the ability to leverage may encourage institutions to undertake activities that turn out to be unprofitable and unsustainable once markets change direction—as was the case with LTCM—and high leverage levels magnify the consequences of negative shocks.
Private financial institutions and public policymakers face a complex challenge. They must find ways to limit and manage risk taking and curb the buildup of financial excesses that can lead to the virulent market dynamics witnessed last fall, but without sacrificing the efficiency-enhancing potential of innovative financial instruments and techniques. Of paramount importance in averting future turbulence and crises are improvements in financial disclosure and transparency; greater awareness and better coordination of private, market, and regulatory incentive structures; a better understanding of the changing nature of systemic risk; and the reduction of moral hazard.
Financial disclosure and transparency
Adequate, timely disclosure by financial institutions and transparency of their risk profiles are fundamental for effective market discipline and regulatory and supervisory oversight. However, accurate information about risk exposures may be difficult to obtain in an environment in which risks can be unbundled, repackaged, and embedded in securities. Risk managers can estimate the capital at risk based on risk-management models and stress tests. Although this provides some understanding of a firm's exposure and how well the firm's portfolio might perform outside historically based scenarios of market stress and turbulence, it may not be sufficient. The financial industry has begun to develop techniques for more accurately estimating potential future exposure and assessing the possible impact of systemic disturbances on capital at risk.
A financial institution's external stakeholders—investors, depositors, creditors, and counterparties—are also challenged by the lack of transparency. Often, the only information available to them about risky off-balance-sheet activity is in footnotes in the firm's annual report.
The lack of transparency gives rise to systemic concerns related to the concentration of exposures within specific markets and linkages across markets. Without adequate information, it is difficult for officials to know where in the international financial system risks and vulnerabilities might be concentrated.
That last fall's turbulence was largely unanticipated suggests that risk-management and stress-testing systems may have been predicated on insufficient information about market dynamics and the possible repercussions of economic and financial shocks. Given that market participants are still learning about, and adapting to, structural changes, information and management control systems may not have fully taken into account the pace of financial innovation and the impact on market dynamics and cross-market linkages of the growing use of derivative financial instruments.
Incentive structures
Increased disclosure and transparency are necessary but not sufficient to prevent a buildup of vulnerabilities and unsustainably high levels of leverage. Firms must have incentives to seek information and act on it. Global financial institutions are faced with a complex composite of incentives consisting of their own internal incentive structures, internal and external corporate governance, a competitive market environment, and multiple supervisory and regulatory frameworks.
The internal discipline of firms is created by incentive structures and enforced by management. For effective internal discipline, the incentives of individual business units and decision makers must be aligned with an institution's overall objectives and supported by external stakeholders (and, to some extent, official supervisors). However, private incentive structures have not yet been adapted to account fully for financial modernization, securitization, and globalization, and may be neither consistent with, nor supportive of, market discipline. Therefore, public policy may need to play a greater role in ensuring that private incentive structures provide an appropriate degree of market discipline.
Private risk management and prudential oversight of financial institutions can be improved, and incentives strengthened for depositors, creditors, counterparties, and investors to exercise greater control over the activities of financial institutions with which they have business relationships. Moreover, because private and regulatory incentives jointly affect private financial decisions, existing regulations should be reviewed to ensure that they do not distort private incentives.
Reducing moral hazard
Moral hazard, which has the potential to significantly distort private incentives, is an inevitable consequence of ensuring financial stability. Because financial stability is a public good, the public sector must provide insurance to protect against systemic problems; otherwise, private market participants may collectively be unwilling or unable to take even acceptable risks, which could inhibit financial intermediation. Prudential oversight and other elements of official involvement constitute preventive and corrective mechanisms that provide a degree of insurance and stability to national financial systems as well as to the international financial system—so long as official involvement remains within reasonable boundaries and does not lead market participants to think they can take imprudent risks without suffering the consequences.
To limit moral hazard and maintain the welfare-improving equilibrium that insurance provides, the public sector must also monitor and curb risk-taking behavior that would impinge on the balance of welfare considerations—in particular, it must limit imprudent risk taking by those individual institutions that are most capable of exploiting the public sector safety net. Policymakers are therefore faced with the difficult challenge of balancing efforts to manage systemic risks against efforts to ensure that market participants bear the costs of imprudent risk taking and have incentives to behave prudently.
Understanding systemic risk
The nature of systemic risk has changed as national, bank-based financial systems have given way to today's globally integrated, market-based financial system. Most current defenses against risk are premised on a limited definition of a systemic disturbance as an episode in which problems at one institution might cascade through payment systems, affect interbank relationships, lead to depositor runs, or infect other institutions to the point of posing risks for the financial system itself. Given the expansion of opportunities for risk taking and the growing reliance on markets for financing, these defenses may no longer be adequate. In addition, because private financial practices change quickly, supervisory and regulatory frameworks are unable to keep up, and the ability of the private sector to capture the gains from technological advances may have outpaced the ability of officials to learn how to apply these technologies to measuring and managing systemic risk.
Financial safety nets are generally supported by prudential regulations that require banks to hold enough capital to absorb losses and by reporting and accounting standards and best business practices that ensure that losses are reflected in profit and loss statements. Although this approach has worked reasonably well in limiting systemic damage from financial excesses, it may lead to conflicts between the objectives of regulators, who, by providing insurance, want to reduce systemic risks, and those of the regulated institutions, which have incentives to take greater risks within internal and regulatory capital constraints. There are dangers both in excessively restrictive regulations, which may inhibit efficiency-enhancing risk taking, and in lax enforcement, which might encourage financial institutions to take risks that would not be worth taking in a different environment. There is no definitive solution to this problem, and it is neither possible nor desirable for financial supervisors and regulators to know as much about a financial institution and its risk-taking activities as its own management. Nevertheless, they must continuously reassess instruments for encouraging prudent behavior and risk management, recognizing that some instruments are likely to be imperfect.
Remaining challenges
Even before the turbulence in the fall of 1998 had fully dissipated, private market participants, national authorities, and international bodies had begun to consider reforms to address the weaknesses revealed by the episode. So far, proposals have focused on strengthening market discipline and bank risk management by increasing the transparency of financial institutions (see reference for details). The proposed measures for enhanced risk management are, by and large, appropriate, but several important areas have not yet been fully addressed.
Improving incentive structures. Current proposals do not directly address the role of incentive structures in preventing a buildup of financial vulnerabilities. Internal incentive structures could be improved through an integrated, firmwide, comprehensive approach to risk management and control that aligns the incentives of all players—from back office to traders to risk officers—with the incentives and risk preferences of senior management and shareholders. Screening and monitoring by stakeholders could be strengthened by providing market participants with additional market-based incentives that are more in line with public policy objectives.
Official proposals do not explicitly acknowledge the scope for improving regulatory incentive structures. A current proposal to revise the Basel Accord suggests there is likely to be greater flexibility in tailoring the regulatory burden (including capital requirements) to the effectiveness of a firm's risk-management and control systems, but this remains to be seen. Other possible adjustments to prudential regulations and supervisory oversight are still being discussed. This effort should include an evaluation of how regulatory and private incentives interact, and whether regulatory incentives are distorting private incentives.
Increasing disclosure and transparency. There were significant gaps in information in the run-up to last fall's financial turbulence. Official proposals do not clearly delineate what type of information should be disclosed, how often, or to whom. Although there is clearly a need to know more about risk exposures, off-balance-sheet activity, and over-the-counter derivatives markets, what form the information should take remains unclear.
Improvements in information on financial institutions' off-balance-sheet activities could prove useful for both supervision and surveillance. As supervisors intensify their information-gathering efforts and refine their methods of assessing individual institutions' risk exposures related to over-the-counter derivatives, a finer reporting network could be established for surveillance purposes. Those responsible for surveillance would be able to obtain timelier, more detailed information on off-balance-sheet activities, and this information would help supervisors see where the risks are.
Understanding modern financial systems. Many of the analytical frameworks now in use were designed to assess and monitor risk exposures and concentrations, leverage, financial fragility, and systemic risk associated with traditional banking activities. Credit risk needs to be better understood and modeled, especially because it has begun to take different forms—and is often off the balance sheets. Analytical frameworks that enable a better understanding of the benefits—and risks—of leverage, the gaps and incompatibilities between private and regulatory incentive structures, and changes in market dynamics are also needed. The public sector—central banks, in particular—could take a lead role in developing an informative analytical framework, which would be useful in shaping disclosure requirements.
Other challenges for the public sector
The stability of financial systems depends on the soundness of individual financial institutions. There may be unexploited synergies between macroprudential oversight, which is focused on systems, and microprudential oversight, which is concerned with institutions. For example, more extensive discussions between the supervisors of internationally active banks might have uncovered the large creditor and counterparty exposures to LTCM. Supervisors could benefit from market intelligence on the risks faced by individual firms, while those responsible for market surveillance could benefit from knowing about financial institutions' market-related activities.
Second, because of the way they use information and technology and their command of resources, financial institutions have informational advantages over regulators. Public authorities' capabilities for assessing the implications of financial innovations lag behind the private sector's exploitation of those innovations. Widening gaps between regulators and those they regulate limit officials' ability to monitor global markets, oversee financial institutions, and enforce regulations. Moreover, in view of the national orientation of supervisory, regulatory, and surveillance structures, the globalization of financial markets and the rise of financial conglomerates have also widened jurisdictional gaps. Continuing efforts are required to update supervisory tools and regulatory frameworks.
Third, there are close links between monetary stability and financial stability. Although it is unlikely that monetary policies in the major countries contributed directly to the buildup of vulnerabilities leading up to the market turbulence of the fall of 1998, they may have had an unintended impact on the global pool of liquidity. For example, while low Japanese interest rates of 0.5 percent may have been appropriate for promoting aggregate demand in Japan in 1997-98, they were associated with the heavy reliance on the yen carry trade, which supplied liquidity to several regions via swaps in international capital markets. National monetary policies may also at times support—if not encourage—a buildup of leverage and position-taking in international markets beyond prudent levels.
Going forward
The initial approach should be to identify concrete ways to bolster—and reform, if necessary—existing defenses against systemic problems. More information would enable financial institutions to strengthen their tools for managing risk, private stakeholders to price risks more accurately, and supervisors and those responsible for surveillance to exercise adequate oversight. The ability to understand, measure, monitor, and control the buildup of leverage and other risk-taking activities should be an important part of this approach. Regulatory reforms will undoubtedly be necessary, but first the existing rules of the game should be reexamined to see which of them still apply. It would also be beneficial to have a clearer sense of how incentives, risk taking, and market structure and dynamics interact in modern financial systems.
There can be little doubt that moral hazard also needs to be reduced. The appropriate balance between market discipline and official intervention involves difficult trade-offs between different objectives. On the one hand, financial safety nets appear to have significantly lessened the deadweight losses and real economic damage associated with financial crises earlier this century. On the other hand, these same safety nets may contribute to excessively risky behavior and involve potentially large costs to taxpayers. A factor that complicates attempts to increase reliance on supervision and regulation is that the large, globally active financial institutions are sometimes able to circumvent regulation by taking advantage of the information gaps that exist between them and supervisors. The buildup of financial vulnerabilities that became evident only after the turbulence occurred in the fall of 1998 was a warning: existing frameworks for banking supervision, official surveillance of markets, and management of systemic risk may not call for enough monitoring or provide adequate safeguards against systemic events.
Ultimately, each time the public sector intervenes to save institutions, it creates expectations that it will intervene on future occasions. Moral hazard is the obvious result. One way to limit moral hazard is to make more frequent decisions that reduce the perception that interventions are the rule and failures the exception—for example, by reducing the size and scope of the safety net. The more general objective would be to increase the involvement of private sector institutions in preventing systemic problems, not just through improved private risk management to protect themselves but also through greater awareness that their actions have systemic implications and are affected by systemic problems created by others. Given that the scope of official financial safety nets is unlikely to be reduced quickly or entirely, the ability to monitor and supervise modern financial systems remains critical. Vigilance and flexibility will be necessary to prepare for future financial problems, which will undoubtedly take different forms from those experienced in the past.
This article is based on Chapter IV of the IMF's International Capital Markets: Developments, Prospects, and Key Policy Issues (Washington, September 1999). A detailed analysis of the financial market turbulence and its immediate implications can be found in the IMF's World Economic Outlook and International Capital Markets: Interim Assessment (Washington, December 1998).


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"mental conflict is often the struggle between a wish and a fear"
Winter Solstice 2015
22 December 2015; sunrise: 8.02am; sunset: 3.52pm
Last week I went to a tattoo parlour in the suburb of a northern English city and, amid the porn photos printed off from the internet and the wall decorations of transfers of skulls and snakes and Nazi insignia, to a metalcore soundtrack by Parkway Drive, I had the number 326< tattooed on the back of my leg. I was born in 1971, the year that the number of parts per million of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reached 326.
In October 2013 I took part in the Liberate Tate performance Parts Per Million, in which a group of performers walked through Tate Britain's new chronological gallery exhibition, BP Walk Through British Art. In each room the performers arranged themselves around and among the artworks and in unison chanted together the rising numbers of parts per million of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere over the time period covered by that gallery. Then we moved slowly to the next, and chanted up the numbers for the next gallery's period, and so on.
From the outside, the piece made visible a hidden truth that is easy to forget, or deny. I took part because this feels to me like important work: the numbers and acronyms – ppm, CO2 – are too abstract to connect to, they don't seem relevant or real, and they're so easy to forget or deny.
As a performer I felt in my body how the shuffling, chanting human nature of the performance not only made the truth hidden in the esoteric letters and figures visible, it also made them flesh.
As we moved into the gallery 1970-1980 the group spread itself outwards – the map of the choreography of the performance shows a kind of starburst in that room, performers directed to spread outwards from the entrance to arrange themselves around the furthest edges along the walls of the long gallery. It was in that decade that the ppm of CO2 bust through the planet's 'safe limit' of 351. This was my first decade of life. In our slow, dignified way, we 'exploded' into the room and started chanting up the numbers. As we chanted up from the year of my birth (1971: 326ppm), towards – and then past – 351ppm, I felt the the numbers move inside me through my breath, vibrating my vocal chords, resonating in my skull, drowning out the low grade tinnitus that usually fills my ears. I felt the numbers become real. I noticed the hope that naturally rose in me with each in-breath – and felt the disappointment as each of my outbreaths chanted another number in the rising sequence. I noticed how the tightening of my belly in the contracting of muscles that occurs in exhaling mirrored the tightening of the belly that comes with anxiety – and I felt anxiety mount in me as our numbers rose towards and inexorably past 351ppm.
The experience of that performance has stayed with me ever since. I've found that with other 'ephemeral' artworks. Sometimes I forget that it's only the form of ephemeral art that is transitory – the real art is the ongoing, permanent changing that takes place as a result of the experience of the work.
I was changed by the performance. The earth connection I had long known to be integral to being human – the truth that we are each and all earth beings with stars and mud in our blood – now bore a dark shadow.
Since that day, I have carried everywhere with me the awareness of how we, humans, have marked the body of the earth, irrevocably, permanently. How we have scarred the flesh of the earth and poisoned the air and the waters. How we have enacted violence on the greater body of which we are all part. My joy at being a part of the earth, a limb of the greater being, a leaf on the huge tree of life, will now always include this understanding. This is not a transitory experience. This is permanent.
We are not working with nature, so much as we are nature, working. We are not defending nature, we are nature defending itself. We are not only scarring the beautiful earth, we are scarring ourselves.
"In many social transactions, marks of connection are only given to the 'owned'. It is time for a new ritual which marks the 'owner', one by which they are reminded of their power and their responsibility." – Billy Frugal
So: to mark my own body permanently, to go to a place of violence and inflict an act of violence on my skin, is my way of acknowledging the truth of the doing that we human beings have enacted, and taking my share of responsibility for that. It is an act of violence even to understand humans to be 'owners' of the earth. Surrounded by the symbolic violence of the tattoo parlour, I closed my eyes and in my mind revisited times and places when I have felt the joyful truth of being a part of the earth's body. On a mountainside in the Pyrenees hearing the wind through the poplars as breath. At dusk at a confluence of waters in Oxford hearing the chuckling of a little stream as it rushed to merge with the mighty Thames. On a dusty, noisy city street being briefly transported by the spicy scent of a thicket of mugwort discovered at the roadside one autumn afternoon. Bathing at night in warm sea on my 30th birthday as the skies turned heavy with the approaching monsoon.
"In order to bring about a nonviolent world, activists go to the heart of the place of violence and undertake an act of transformation." – Tomas Remiarz
Art transforms. When we take our art to the heart of the violence, we have the opportunity to make a kind of peace with the violent system, symbolically as much as materially; in doing so we carry out an act of transformation. With this act, with this scar, I make a kind of peace through acknowledging the violence of our human doings, and seal my commitment to live nonviolently in my relationship with earth.
This action was a part of #Birthmark, the latest performance from art activist collective Liberate Tate.
All photos by Tomas Remiarz.


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Toyo Tire USA has announced that its new Toyo Open Country H/T with Tuff Duty tire is engineered to meet the needs of high-torque diesel pickup trucks that tow trailers or occasionally haul heavy loads.
The manufacturer said the new tire should provide longer wear and increased tread mileage as a result of its new three-belt construction, less tread void and deeper tread depth.
Toyo said the "Tuff Duty" three-belt construction reinforces and stabilizes internal tire construction while less tread void results in a larger surface area for more rubber on the road. Also contributing to longer tread life and longer wear is a deeper tread depth of up to 17/32nds.
The Open Country H/T with Tuff Duty is available in five, 16- to 17-inch sizes for Chevy, Ford and Dodge 3/4 and 1-ton pickups. All are rated load range E.


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BBC Children in Need has awarded a total of £58,729 in new funding to two local groups working with children and young people across Dungannon.
This is the third time that BBC Children in Need has awarded new funding to projects across the UK this year, with further funding to be allocated throughout 2017. This latest boost of funding, from the charity's Small Grants programme, brings the total currently invested in County Tyrone to more than £446,000.
One recipient to receive funding in this round is DU Dance (NI).The company has been awarded £28,729 over three years, to deliver annual summer schools, weekly dance sessions and performances with young people who live in the area. The ongoing engagement through dance will give young people, of all abilities from across the community, the opportunity to explore issues and topics that affect them. The programme will help to develop essential skills, improve confidence and self-esteem, and raise aspirations for the future.
Louise Dempster-O'Neil, Company Manager at DU Dance (NI) said: "It's fantastic news to be awarded this vital funding from BBC Children in Need. With it we'll be able to give many more young people the chance to take part in meaningful creative activities that develop personal skills and aid community integration".
First Steps Women's Centre, Dungannon has been awarded £30,000, over three years, to provide a crèche service to disadvantaged children and their families from marginalised communities. The funding will help fund three bilingual childcare staff who will help the children to learn English, teach them how to play, encourage them to make friends and develop new skills ahead of starting school.
Fionnuala Walsh, BBC Children in Need Interim National Head of NI said: "DU Dance (NI) and First Steps Women's Centre, Dungannon are great examples of our Small Grants Programme in action and we're delighted to be supporting them as they work to make a difference to children and young people in the area. We're always looking for quality applications for our Small Grants programme and we are now able to support projects for longer, helping us maximise the impact. If your project is working with children and young people facing challenges, we encourage you to get in touch to find out more."


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A single page
Dearest buddy,
Yesterday, after a protracted battle over television rights, you managed to negotiate a one-hour deal for the afternoon. We obliged and retired to our room to read. I came out for a drink of water and was surprised to not hear the usual raucous sounds of Curious George or Yo Gabba Gabba. Instead, there was silence. A beam of afternoon sunshine streamed in through the window illuminating a small patch of floor where you sat quietly. Reading a book. Whispering each word along your steady and determined progress through the sentence. I remember not paying attention to what the book was about, I was simply transfixed by the sight I've just described. In a few short moments you took me back to some of my childhood's happiest memories.
You probably don't realize what an important moment this is, for you and for your parents. We started to get you to read words a short while ago. It was gratifying to see you work your way up from letters to sounds to rhyming words. Your grandparents were here when they taught you those. Everyone would be delighted when you'd shout out the word to the accompanying picture. Cat, mat, rat. But today, is something truly special. You've realized the power these innocuous groups of letters can summon when they become groups of words. Every word a small, yet stable stone that's leading you over a marsh of ignorance to the safety of land.
It's in books I've found entertainment, solace, learning, discovery and intrigue. And this was even before I turned ten. I devoured books at a rate that alarmed my parents. I remember spending summer vacations at my grandfather's place in Mumbai, waking up every morning with the eager anticipation of a trip to the local library. Let me assure you that the library was the closest thing to paradise I'd ever seen. It was full of musty books, the best kind in my opinion. Withered pages bearing colors of rust and overuse. And behind those wilting spines a treasure of juvenile adventures. The Hardy Boys, Nancy Drew, Agatha Christie (I still love Poirot, by the way), Famous Five. I used to start reading the book on my way back home, bumping into the merciless sea of humanity that is Dadar. Dad would be at the end of his tether by the time we returned. I'd bring back a book and be done with it by night. This went on for a week until dad decided to check if there was a point to wading through crowds every morning for my books. He picked up a Poirot I'd acquired that morning, randomly chose a page and asked me questions about the plot. I answered correctly. He was stunned. He never questioned me again and cheerfully accompanied me to the library after that.
Over time, that glorious habit has been replaced by staring at excel sheets and writing concise one-liners in a short span of time for important people with even shorter attention spans. I stare at screens all day and it seems books have kept pace with our robotization, for they too are an integral part of those screens. I stay informed through thousands of words flitting across my screen, neatly organized into 140-character morsels. I educate myself and analyze through longform articles or by reading the musings of some very smart people I'm privileged to know. But once in a while, I'll shut down those screens, settle into bed with a glass of scotch, a reading light and open a book. Not turn it on, or switch it on. Open it.
That's how I'd like you to read your books too. You're no stranger to iPhones and iPads and you even asked me what a "Kindle" is. It's only a matter of time. But there are some things about the books I knew that I want you to know. They are what we aspire to be. Books have a spine, and they give you one. Books are opened, and they do that to your mind. Each turn of a page is a symbolic act of moving onto something new and undiscovered, but never forgetting where you've come from. When you encounter a difficult word, I've taught you to "break it up", so you make a chopping gesture and bring your little hand down on the offender. But it stays there, resolute, challenging you to get through it. Remember, you cannot destroy words, so be careful of what you write and what you allow yourself to read.
A few days ago you came across the word "comfortable" and struggled to pronounce it. Eventually you settled on "confontable" and asked me what it meant. I told you it meant "warm and cozy". Tonight as I tucked you into bed you kept shuffling around restlessly. When I impatiently queried your motives, you stopped for a second and said you're "trying to get confontable". What made me feel very confontable was that you learned that from a book.
I want to share so many books with you. I'm delighted at the prospect of debating motives, the sanctity of events, the morality of characters in books both of us have read. Like I did when dad handed me a copy of Allen Drury's Advise and Consent. For a short while, I fell in love with politics because we debated it. Dad may not remember that conversation, but I do. I look forward to creating many such memories with you.
And so I hope a book always accompanies you wherever you go. Because those thousand miles always begin with a single page.
This post was featured on WordPress' Freshly Pressed page.
120 responses to "A single page"
Selena says :
tów wobec
ręką, rzuciła w niego obwarzankiem. Selena Oraz otóż to byczy, pomyślał, iż nie prowadzi akurat kramu rybnego.
Zabawa udała się
ponad wszystkie oczekiwania, z trudem 2 przecznice znaczniej widzi.
Alekh Khanna (@alekhkhanna) says :
Absolutely lovely read ! Gave me goosebumps (in a good way). This page has been bookmarked and will be shared with again and again. :)
Jenion says :
I loved this post – it brought back so many memories of my own incredible, bookish childhood. I have been blessed to have children in my life who have discovered the joy of books in spite of the lure of all things electronic. There are few things as satisfying as sharing that love.
Sharmila says :
"Books have a spine and they give you one." I so whole-heartedly agree. I've been a rabid reader since I remember being able to read and consumed books pretty much at a mako shark's pace.
One of the gravest tragedies of my life has been to connect with people as crazy about books as I am only on the Internet.
Manas Gupta says :
My child is still too young to read. But your post gives me hope that the treasure trove of books and comics that I leave her may generate a small semblance of affection for the written word. The love of reading is as precious a gift as can be. Thanks for writing this one dude. Cheers.
beena says :
was it the circulating library near the stn? i spent every vacation doing exactly what you did, borrow a book in the morning be done with it by noon and made full vasooly of the membership…a book a day! Esp coz i was not allowed membership once school reopened (for obviously it wd be a distraction!).
when i had my first kid, i bought books like crazy. he didnt take to reading though. maybe i pushed the reading bit too much, maybe he takes after my husband! by the time my 2nd one came along i had books for every age she would go through, and she pored over them like i did. in fact we were suspicious just like your dad was when she whizzed through books. she was amused when we quizzed her on the books! following tradition, this diwali, we allowed her to join the library down the lane, and she does the book a day thing, worrying if she misses a day!
Maria Muto-Porter says :
As a book addict since I started reading books with many more words than pictures, I dreamed of introducing my children to books. Well, no children of my own but my nephew absorbs books like I did at his age. An amazing thing to pass on to the next generation. Thanks for your artful sharing of this moment.
CechAndMate says :
Really well written sir. Brought back a host of good memories
CechAndMate says :
Really superb post sir. Something that everyone must read
Vijay says :
This is one post I would have loved to read on paper, the old fashioned way. I had to read it on an iPad so the irony, well, it remains. Your 5 para is the most beautifully worded education anyone can get about the value of a book. Bravo. There is one little thing I'd like to add though – nothing and nobody ages as gracefully as a book.
My dad got me the entire Hardy Boys collection – hard cover version – in 1982 – I still have it. Sadly though, to my kids, its a relic from my childhood.
This post is a perfect 10. I raise a toast to you Daddy San.
Atrisa says :
Your son doing the whole word chopping thing really got to me :') Super precious, so vividly and seamlessly transcended from his childhood to yours and back =)
L says :
I joined a new school in 6th std and was horrified to find that their librarian made kids in my grade read Disney picture books meant for early readers during the weekly library hour. I marched up to her on day 1 and demanded to be allowed to read the Nancy Drews I could see in another, locked bookshelf. She laugh-huffed in disbelief and promised to grant unlimited access to that cupboard if I could give her a summary of the Disney book she insisted I read first. Needless to say, I got me those Nancy Drews. :)
The incident with your father brought that memory right back. What a wonderful read.
'Typically' sane' says :
I love all your blog posts! But I love this one more than usual!
I was very late in starting my relationship with books and it's something I hope to remedy with my kids! Strangely enough, I look forward to enjoying the children's literature for the very first time with my children! :)
On a tangent though, I am a convert when it comes to kindle! Maybe you should give it a shot!
punchagan says :
Thanks daddysan, for all your posts. I really look forward to them! Keep writing! Keep inspiring!
Nonstopbakbak says :
It is always a matter of pride for parents when their child imitates, challenges, and relentlessly learns new things. We are now in the flash card and charts stage where she gets a peck on her cheek for any possible answer. It's funny how every little stage can also take us back to our memories as a child.
As always, what you write is a pleasure to read, and learn.
Best Wishes
chutzpahstic (@Chutzpahstic) says :
This is so brilliantly written! :)
Sriram says :
Truly beautiful, man. I'd feel exactly the same emotions many years down the lane. Lovely writing.
5idin 5unny 5adukut (@sidin) says :
May I recommend a trilogy of high quality fiction that you should buy for your child right away?
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Create an Account - Increase your productivity, customize your experience, and engage in information you care about.
We hosted an open house for the Independence Courthouse planning process at the Independence City Building on April 17th.
We are studying the current and future utilization of the Courthouse in Independence, and we have retained GRW Engineering to lead that process. Keeping in mind growth patterns, we want to plan a courthouse campus that will meet the current and long-term needs of the community.
Attendants were be able to learn more about the Independence Courthouse Campus Plan, talk to staff working on the project, and discuss ideas for additional services and changes.


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If you're looking for a piece of furniture that will let your house guests know just how wealthy and reckless you are, look no further. This coffee table by designer Molinelli Charly comes complete with a crashed Ferrari placed neatly underneath a pane of glass, which Charly describes as "a dead hero placed into a coffin." We couldn't agree with that description more and just can't help but wondering just whose living room this awesome, one-of-a-kind piece ended up in.
via Design


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Shop Announcement:
Welcome to my shop! I hope you enjoy your visit and that you find something you like. Do get in touch for Custom Orders!
Gift for Dad - Scottish sheep wool necktie - Olive green - Made in UK
Treat a man in your life to a handmade gift from Scotland!
I hand knitted this men's necktie using very fine sheep wool, produced and spun in Scotland. It measures about 4.5cm x 138cm (shy of 2in - 54.5in). The colour is a shade of olive green with hints of dark yellow and brown.
This stable necktie will look great with any wardrobe: formal outfit, tweed suit, business suit, jeans or wedding attire.
It makes a special gift for a wool wedding anniversary, Father's Day and a birthday.
For best care, hand wash and dry flat.
Instructions will be provided with your order.
:: Visit the Men's Range in my shop for pocket squares, lapel flowers and more.
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This item will be posted to you by BelaFarCrafts within 3 days of receiving payment.
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You have 14 days, from receipt, to notify the seller if you wish to cancel your order or exchange an item.
Unless faulty, the following types of items are non-refundable: items that are personalised, bespoke or made-to-order to your specific requirements; items which deteriorate quickly (e.g. food), personal items sold with a hygiene seal (cosmetics, underwear) in instances where the seal is broken.


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|1 lbs
Soup – Italian Lentil, 16oz
Satisfying soup high in Vitamin A, with Pardina lentils makes a hearty meal rich with flavor. These smaller lentils cook faster and are more tender than normal brown lentils. In Italy, it is believed that eating lentils as the first dish on New Year's day will bring good luck the whole year! All natural, vegan, vegetarian, and gluten free. All soups make approx. 8-10 servings.
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