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Makeup Revolution 'Death By Chocolate' Palette Review
Sunday, 26 April 2015
21 comments:
Such pretty colours! I love how you've swatched them!ReplyDelete
Clare | www.clare-without-an-i.comReplies
Thank you Clare :) I hate reviews without swatches so I had to include them! xxDelete
The swatches look great, the pigmentation of each shade look so good.ReplyDelete
I agree with your thoughts on the packaging but as the price is really good I think I need to check it out.
Thanks for the review!
Leanne xxReplies
It is quite bulky and annoying, but definitely not something that would put me off buying it as you really can't beat the price! xxDelete
This looks amazing! I love anything chocolate related haha. I love the packaging.ReplyDelete
You'd probably love all of their chocolate palettes then! xxDelete
I like this palette too, the quality is just amazing for the price! (:ReplyDelete
It's one of my favourites that I own, even out of things like the Naked palettes! xxDelete
White Light & Lick Me look like pretty shades xReplyDelete
Emma | Emmys BlogReplies
They're stunning! Although I think Dipped and Fools Gold are my favourites xxDelete
I have a weakness for neutral palettes too! I have to admit I really like the look of this one, cool tones and taupes are right up my street! Great swatches by the way :)ReplyDelete
Tara | This Millennial Girl xoxReplies
Don't we all! My collection is getting a little out of hand now haha. Thank you! xxDelete
Some colours look similar to the Chocolate Bar palette by Too Faced. Have you swatched that one too? It also smells delish ;)ReplyDelete
Barbs, 300 days of EnglandReplies
I actually have all of the Makeup Revolution chocolate palettes and the Too Faced one - addiction much! Some of the colours in this palette are similar, but I think if you want a close dupe, then the "I Heart Chocolate' palette may be better! xxDelete
It does so sound so similar to the Too Faced palette, right down to the scent xReplyDeleteReplies
I know, I'm not sure how they get away with it! xxDelete
Ooooh this palette looks brill. The colours are gorgeous, I am such a sucker for neutral shades.ReplyDelete
Love Lucy xReplies
If you love neutral palettes then you definitely need this one! xxDelete
Looks palette looks so pretty!ReplyDelete
Emily x // EmGrace
I love the pictures of the swatches! Plus very helpful review as I was debating which to get! Great job! :) xxxReplyDelete
I love this brand! Not tried the chocolate palette but the iconic pro 2 palette is gorgeous! :DReplyDelete
Off to investigate now ;)
Bex x
Thank you for taking the time to comment, I would love to hear from you! However, if you are looking for a more instant answer please feel free to tweet me your questions @RDerbyshire93.


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The Killers have announced details of a V Festival warm-up gig in Liverpool.
The band will headline the O2 Academy on August 15 prior to their appearance at V Festival 2014, which takes place on the weekend of August 16-17. Ticket details for the one-off gig can be found below.
V Festival takes place in Hylands Park, Chelmsford and Weston Park, Staffordshire and also see sets from Lily Allen, Blondie, Chic featuring Nile Rodgers, Elbow, Bastille, Rudimental, Chase & Status, Kaiser Chiefs, Manic Street Preachers, Katy B, Miles Kane, The Wailers and The Stranglers.
Other acts on the bill include Ed Sheeran, Paolo Nutini, Example, Tom Odell, Sub Focus, Rizzle Kicks, John Newman, Sam Smith, Embrace, Janelle Monae, Kodaline, The Human League, Starsailor, The Strypes, Birdy, Foxes, Ella Eyre, The Stranglers, The Magic Numbers, Paul Heaton & Jacqui Abbot, George Ezra, M People, All Saints, The Wonder Stuff and The Rifles.
The Killers will also perform at Glasgow's Summer Sessions at Bellahouston Park on August 19 and Belfast's Tennents Vital on August 21.
To check the availability of The Killers tickets and get all the latest listings, go to NME.COM/TICKETS now, or call 0844 858 6765
To check the availability of V Festival tickets and get all the latest listings, go to NME.COM/TICKETS now, or call 0844 858 6765

subset: commoncrawl


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R2M! Is your class doing this?
What's R2M? Is your class doing it?
Thousands of students, whether young, teenage or adult love star wars! As such, its characters are a great way to inject some captivating, visual stimulus into your classroom.
So what is R2M? Inspired by the character's name R2-D2, R2M stands for 'Respond to Marking!'
This is simply time that teachers give to students on a daily basis (where possible) for students to reflect and respond to marking. This is an incredibly important step in the learning process and often missed due to timetable demands. However, I have found that simply adding this to your daily routine (approx 5-10 mins) is positive in many ways;
- Students take more time and care over their work by checking, correcting and evaluating.
- Students enjoy responding back to their teacher.
- Students appreciate their marking more.
- Student's discussions on learning outcomes are more proactive, positive and reflective.
- Student's understanding and knowledge of their progress is deeper as they identify their next steps.
Finally...they love it and even request this time. After all, what's the point in marking if they don't read it and learn from it; similarly, what's the point in doing the work, if they don't see the teacher responding to it effectively?
Try this and let me know how it goes for you! :)


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So if you're like me then you got a Mr. Beer homebrew kit as a gift. You brewed your first batch of #craftbeer and made a decent drinkable beer. Now you want to brew again, but are wondering if there's anything else that you need to order along with your next batch of ingredients. I was in the same boat, so I asked a lot of questions and came up with the essential upgrades for a new Mr. Beer brewer. Continue reading
Tag Archives: Home Brew
Hydrometer – what is it and why do I need one?
A hydrometer is a tool used to measure the weight of a liquid in relation to to water. This measurement is called the Specific Gravity (SG) of a liquid.
In home brewing we use a hydrometer to measure the Original Gravity (OG) and Final Gravity (FG) of our beer. These two measurements, and a little math, help us to determine when fermentation is complete and how to calculate the alcohol content of our brew. Pretty cool, eh? Continue reading
Mr. Beer Soaked Homebrewer – part 3
Bottle Day… finally!
So my first batch of Mr. Beer is ready for bottling. Actually it's more than ready. It's been fermenting for just over 5 weeks now. The timing of my elbow injury was unfortunate for a number of reasons, my brewing schedule was one of them.
I brewed the batch on May 29th, and got injured on May 30th. Days turned into weeks and weeks turned into a month… I need to get this stuff out of the LBK (little brown keg) and into the bottle to get the carbonation going. The general rule for home brewing is 2-2-2. 2 weeks in the primary fermentation, (LBK), two weeks in the secondary, (bottles), and two weeks in the fridge, (cold conditioning). So if I had kept to that schedule I'd be drinking my beer this week.
Call me Mr. Beer Soaked Homebrewer – part 1
I've been brewing beer for a few years now using the homebrew setups of my friends and family. I started off with my buddy Chris using extract methods and eventually moved to all-grain brewing with my cousin Jason. But I have never brewed on my own, and so this is going to be a new experience for me.
I just bought myself a gift… Continue reading


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Hearts of Stone Can Kill (and Other Melancholy Stories from Judea)
With municipal elections yesterday, the country seems neither sad, nor glad, nor even very mad, at the results. Incumbents won in the big cities. In Jerusalem a third of the population continues to disenfranchise themselves by refusing to vote despite their own interests and plain common sense. But at least the Arabs do it out of ideology. We're just too lazy to vote.
Also yesterday, on the Tekoa-Jerusalem road, the main road to Herodion, a national park and historical site of no small importance, 40 Arab men, women and children from the area showered Israeli-licensed vehicles with stones for 20 minutes before the army arrived and declined to pursue the attackers. Apparently the standing orders in the IDF are to treat rock throwing as a petty nuisance, certainly not as terrible as those price tag terrorists who put words on buildings. Those criminals are worth pursuing. Thank God, there were only minor injuries this time, despite the large scale of the attack.
A few dozen cars from Tekoa drove out to the site of the crime last night and blocked the entrance to Beit Sahour for about an hour in protest. But who are we protesting and to what end? I doubt the angry mob is intimidated by a road blockage, and the army is happy as long as nobody gets hurt. No paper work to fill out. How many people need to die from these attacks before we, Israelis, take them seriously, and what will it look like when we do? My neighbors say they drove by the nearest checkpoint with broken windows and alerted the soldiers, who continued allowing cars to go by the other way without warning. Were they sleeping? Maybe they were numb on the inside, but they acted alert. Anesthesia gone horribly wrong.
That seems to be how much of the country is responding to the current 'situation.' As we play pretend at the negotiating table, Israelis are suffering from slowly increasing violence. A rock here, a tractor driven into an army base there… Wait, really? Did that really happen? Yeah, and still we're asleep. We sleep as the PA plans the next intifada and warms up its troops on the ground with mischief. But that won't stop us from releasing prisoners. Why? Not doing it would break the fourth wall, destroying the illusion. Nobody blinks when the other side breaks character, but we have to keep up the charade, consequences be damned.
In the mean-time, when I drive that road nearly every day, should I be more afraid of stones, or of the judge who might put me in jail if I fight back? Absurdities pile on absurdities, and yet the center holds. We're still here, still growing, even thriving. It seems when God decides to bring his children home, not even their own stupidity and insolence can divert him from seeking their good. For the Guardian of Israel neither slumbers nor sleeps.


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Window for Nuclear Diplomacy on Iran Is Now Open but Not for Long
Window for Nuclear Diplomacy on Iran Is Now Open but Not for Long
Having delivered its latest quarterly report on Iran's nuclear programme to its board, the nuclear safeguards department of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) gave a technical briefing on Wednesday to an audience of ambassadors in Vienna about the same material but with some pictures to make the whole thing clearer. At such briefings, ambassadors can also ask questions to sound out the head of safeguards, Herman Nackaerts, on his impressions.
On this occasion, the main message western ambassadors came away with was that Iran appears to be just days away from starting feeding uranium hexafluoride gas into four new cascades of centrifuges at its underground enrichment site at Fordow. Those cascades, of 174 centrifuges each, are being vacuum tested which is usually the last step before piping in the uranium gas. The impression given at the technical briefing was that these new cascades would almost certainly be producing 20%-enriched uranium, which is the main proliferation concern and the leading source of international tension over the Iranian programme.
For the past six months Iran has been producing 20% uranium at the rate of 14 to 15 kg a month. It now has a stockpile of about 135 kg, while Israel has declared that 240 kg, enough to make a single warhead if further enriched, is its red line, implying it would take military action to stop Iran reaching that point. If the four new cascades work properly and starting spinning uranium, the production rate would go up to 25 kg a month, so the red line would be breached in about four months, rather than seven.


text: John Burroughs Small 257×320 Medium 513×640 Large 821×1024 Download TIFF Original 1925×2400 | (832.7 KB) Description American writer and naturalist. Keywords American Writer, essayist, John Burroughs, kauthor, naturalist, nature essay Galleries Biologists, Famous People: B Source: Ellsworth D. Foster ed. The American Educator (vol. 2) (Chicago, IL: Ralph Durham Company, 1921)


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A fifth of Canada's glaciers could be gone by the end of the century, a casualty of global warming that would drive a 3.5cm rise in sea levels, a study found on Thursday.
"Even if we only assume moderate global warming, it is still highly likely that the ice is going to melt at an alarming rate," said lead author Jan Lenaerts, a meteorologist at Utrecht University in the Netherlands.
And "the chances of it growing back are very slim," he said.
He said the process was both irreversible and self-reinforcing — because the snow and ice in the tundra and in the waters of northern Canada currently help reflect away some of the sun's heat.
As they disappear, a larger portion of the suns rays will be absorbed by the water and land, which will cause temperatures to soar.
If Canada's glaciers shrink by 20 percent, as under this scenario, that would correspond to an average global temperature rise of 3°C.
However, the temperature jump in the glacial regions of northern Canada would be far higher: 8°C, according to estimates by Lenaerts, who emphasized that this is not even a worst-case scenario.
The scientists urged policymakers to consider the prospect, saying that since 2000, the temperature in Canada's Arctic Archipelago has risen by 1°C to 2°C, and the volume of ice has significantly diminished.
Over the least 20 years, sea level has risen on average by more than 5.3cm. Most of that increase has been attributed to the thermal expansion of water, with just a fifth coming from the melting of the polar ice caps, according to an international study published in November last year in the US journal Science.


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Table of Contents
Psoriasis (psoriasis vulgaris) is a chronic-recurrent, relapsing skin disorder characterized by inflammation and hyperproliferation of skin cells of the epidermis. Patients present with patches of skin covered with silvery scales, which is why this disease is also called plaque psoriasis. This disease has many factors responsible for its manifestations including environmental, genetic and immunological.
Although psoriasis is spread over the entire globe, it is mostly fair-skinned people who are affected. The morbidity in Europe and North America is between 2 – 3 %; on the African and Asian continent, on the other hand, the disease is rarely found. For indigenous people, the disease is practically irrelevant.
The cause of psoriasis has not yet been determined conclusively; however, there is a clear genetic disposition. The disease probability for a child whose parents both suffer from psoriasis is about 50 %. In identical twins, it is even higher with 66 %.
In addition, the disease is associated with various HLA antigens. A connection with other immunological factors, such as T-lymphocyte activity, is considered likely. Since endogenous antigens stimulate specific groups of T-cells, and this ultimately leads to an increased division rate of the keratinocytes through a more complex pathomechanism, psoriasis is also associated with autoimmune diseases.
On the basis of these defective immunological and autoimmune responses, a huge increase in certain metabolic processes and cell division rates occurs. While in healthy skin, an average 0.4 % of the cells of the basal cell layer continuously undergo cell division, the skin of a psoriasis patient shows a division rate of 2.5 %.
In addition, the time of cell division substantially increases. If a cell of said layer normally needs 20 days to divide, this time is reduced to 1.5 days in psoriatic skin. Also, the transit time of the cell from the basal cell layer to the secretion of lamellar bodies in the horny layer is significantly lower. While it takes 28 days in healthy skin, the cells of psoriatic skin pass through the individual skin layers within 3 – 4 days.
In addition to these causal factors, there are other trigger factors that play a crucial role in the etiology of psoriasis. For example, the cross-reactive relationship between previous streptococcal infections and the severity of psoriasis has been proven. The same applies to staphylococcal skin. Another verified fact is the negative influence of various drugs such as beta-blockers, interferon or lithium have on psoriasis.
Other trigger factors are stress, alcohol and strong mechanical stimuli (Koebner phenomenon).
Histologically, psoriasis typically manifests acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and parakeratosis. The epidermis is enlarged, and the epidermal endplates are thinned. In the dermis, lymphocytic infiltration can be found. The cells of the prickle cell layer (stratum spinosum) are markedly enlarged due to the general increase in metabolic processes. At the same time, the accelerated processes result in an incomplete differentiation of the individual squamous epithelial layers of the epidermis. Thick, silvery scaling is the result.
Clinical Presentation
Main Symptoms
In general, the clinical picture of psoriasis is highly variable. Most common sites showing skin lesions are elbows, scalp, knees, lumbosacral region, natal cleft, and glans penis. The individual psoriatic foci usually do not itch, but at the same time, there are predilection sites such as the head and anal region that do tend to itch.
The typical lesion presents as a sharply defined, usually roundish, erythematous plaque with silvery scaling. Typical predilection sites are the extensor surfaces of the elbows and knees, the hairy areas of the head, the navel and the sacral region.
However, psoriatic lesions can appear on any part of the integumentary system. The size of the lesions varies widely, ranging from dot-like inflammations to confluent, plate-sized, scaly surfaces.
Also typical of psoriatic lesions are the following three phenomena that are present in each psoriatic lesion and thus may be diagnostically indicative:
1. Candle phenomenon
The thick, silver-gray scales scraped off of the inflamed skin resemble the scrapings of candle wax.
2. Phenomenon of the last epidermal layer
Below the thick scales, a cohesive, sheet-like membrane can be found, which corresponds to the deepest layer of the epidermis.
3. Auspitz's sign (bloody dew)
If the last layer is removed, punctuate bleeding spots are revealed.
Other symptoms
Nails: A rather common symptom (30 – 50 % of all cases) in psoriasis patients are changing on the nails. Typical signs are dotted or pitted nails, crumbling of the nails, a yellowish discoloration of the nail bed (oil drop) and distal onycholysis.
Mucous membranes: Less frequently than the nails, the mucous membranes are affected. Changes take the form of leukoplakia.
Joints: In some cases (about 5 – 8 %), immunological involvement of the joints (arthritis psoriatica) occurs. Through chronic inflammatory degenerations, the so-called psoriatic arthritis (or psoriasis arthropathica) develops. The central lesion in the joint is synovitis, which in turn causes cartilage destruction and bone erosion (Henz 1998, p. 178). Frequently affected are the large joints, but in the course of the inflammatory process, deviation of the fingers may occur as well.
Pustular Psoriasis
Skin irritations are often caused by an infection or as a response to a drug. While this may not cause any further problems in an otherwise healthy person, it can result in the massive formation of pustules in a psoriasis patient. These pustules are primarily filled with neutrophilic granulocytes. The generalized form (pustular psoriasis generalisata) therefore leads to a greatly accelerated ESR and leukocytosis with a left shift.
Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis
There are no specific lab investigations for psoriasis. In the majority of cases, the clinical picture is enough for a safe diagnosis, a biopsy can be taken in uncertain cases. The histological picture corroborates the suspicion.
With regard to differential diagnosis, several investigations like :
- blood tests for rheumatoid factor
- ESR- it is normal in case of psoriasis except in pustular type where it is raised
- uric acid
- Fungal studies
- Dermatological biopsy
- Radiological studies of joints
They are done to rule out other possibilities :
- Scaly fungal infection or seborrheic dermatitis should be considered.
- An acute exacerbation of neurodermatitis might also be confused with psoriasis.
- Since psoriasis can affect joints in some cases, the differential diagnosis has to take into account diseases of the rheumatic type.
The established treatment approaches only show a morbostatic effect, i.e., they are purely symptomatic. Except for rare cases of spontaneous healing, psoriasis turns out to be a protracted disorder that is difficult to treat.
Local Therapy
- Dithranol: The most important drug for topical treatment is dithranol (anthralin). With proper dosage and correct exposure time, it results in a long-lasting remission of the lesions.
- Vit D3: Vitamin D analogs such as calcipotriol or tacalcitol are very effective in the treatment of psoriatic hyperproliferation.
- Phototherapy: UV light therapy in combination with oral medications that make the skin more photosensitive (PUVA therapy) is another option. Alternatively, a combination of UV light with irritating the skin with salt water can be considered (PUVA bath therapy).
- Corticosteroids: Treatments with corticosteroids should be cautious, short-term and only carried out in special cases (risks: rebound phenomenon, atrophy, the proliferation of vessels). Corticosteroids prove to be especially helpful in the treatment of unfavorably located, itchy places, such as the head and anal area.
Systemic Therapy
- Acitretin: This is a retinoid and is usually used for pustular forms of psoriasis. Women of childbearing age and patients with liver damage are excluded from treatment with this medication.
- Fumaric acid ester: It is given in extensive cases of psoriasis vulgaris. Therapy should start with low dosages and increase slowly. Side effects occur mostly in the gastrointestinal area with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Due to the lymphocyte depression to be expected during this therapy, the medication has a significant immunosuppressive effect.
- Cyclosporine: This medication is used for all forms of psoriasis. Because renal functions might be diminished during this type of therapy, kidney function and blood pressure should be checked regularly (drug monitoring).
Psoriasis is based on defective immunological reactions (autoimmune diseases). Trigger factors include streptococcal infections, medications, stress, alcohol and mechanical stimuli.
The scaly, inflammatory lesions of psoriasis can be explained by an increased rate of mitosis of the basal layer (stratum basale), an accelerated cell division time and a reduced cell transit time.
Typical of psoriatic lesions:
- Candle phenomenon
- The phenomenon of the last epidermal layer
- Auspitz's sign
Major forms of psoriasis are:
- Plaque psoriasis (psoriasis vulgaris)
- Psoriatic arthritis (psoriasis arthropathica)
- Pustular psoriasis (psoriasis cum pustulatione)
Treatments are of local as well as systemic nature.
Psoriasis has two peak ages, first from 16 to 20 years, second from 57 to 60 years.
Psoriasis has a tendency for remissions with phases of improvement. Symptoms get flared up mainly by stress and other infections.
Dermatoses of the Pityriasis Group
Pityriasis stands for bran, which is why the term is used for the classification of dermatoses that are associated with scaling of the skin. The dermatoses of the pityriasis group include the pityriasis rosea, the pityriasis lichenoides chronica and the pityriasis rubra pilaris.
Pityriasis Rosea
Definition and Epidemiology
Pityriasis rosea is an acute inflammatory dermatosis with a time-limited progression. The usual onset age is between 10 and 40 years. It occurs most frequently in the autumn and winter months.
Although the cause is not fully understood, it is now believed that the disease probably has infectious origins. It is probably a virus, but the pathogen has not yet been identified.
An allergic background is also discussed, in which mainly the allergy type IV (delayed type) is associated with pityriasis rosea.
Histologically, edema in the upper dermis is typically present. Infiltrations of lymphocytes and a moderately widened epidermis are also apparent. The visibly noticeable scaling of the skin is histologically reflected in a parahyperkeratosis.
Clinical Presentation
Typically, the pityriasis rosea starts with a single, sharply defined, oval plaque. This is also referred to as primary plaque, primary medallion or herald patch.
It is of a pale red color and has desquamation with marginal scales at its center. Main location is the torso.
So-called secondary outbreaks develop within the following two weeks. They exhibit the same clinical picture as the primary efflorescence lesions. However, they are smaller, making it possible for the clinician to diagnose the latter even weeks later. In general, the secondary outbreaks occur symmetrically on the torso and proximal extremities and usually extend into the main lines of the body. Head, neck and distal extremities are not affected in the majority of the cases.
Flu-like symptoms may precede the skin manifestation but do not always occur. Itching is rarely a complaint. Cervically, it can sometimes lead to moderate lymphadenopathy.
After 4 – 6 weeks, pityriasis rosea usually dissipates.
Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis
Indicative for the diagnosis is the primary outbreak as well as the exanthematous distribution of secondary outbreaks (main voltage lines). A superficial tinea corporis, a macular syphilide, and an exanthematous psoriasis guttata should be considered as differential diagnoses.
Since the lesions regress on their own after at least six weeks, there is no need for treatment of pityriasis rosea. A rarely observed increased itching can be treated according to need with antihistamines such as cetirizine or Fenistil. A rehydrating therapy should be avoided as this worsens the disease.
Pityriasis Lichenoides Chronica
Definition, Etiology and Epidemiology
Pityriasis lichenoides chronica is a sub-acute to chronic inflammatory dermatosis for which papular or squamous lesions are characteristic. It occurs worldwide, most frequently in young adults. The etiology is unknown. An immune response due to infection and allergy is suspected.
Clinical Presentation
Typical of the pityriasis lichenoides chronica is brownish-red papules and plaques that can reach the size of a penny and which flakes can be lifted off with a spatula. Accompanied by itching (often minor), complete healing occurs within weeks or months.
It is mainly the reddish-brown lesions, combined with the corresponding scaling, which is crucial to the diagnosis. Hardly any other symptoms are present. Psoriasis, papulosis, and syphilis should be considered as differential diagnoses.
Pityriasis lichenoides chronica usually heals itself after weeks or months. As an accompanying measure—or when complications arise—a carefully dosed UV-B phototherapy and corticosteroids may be used.
Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris
Definition, Etiology and Epidemiology
The PRP is one of the papulosquamous dermatoses. A typical peak age does not exist. Men and women are equally affected. The etiology is unknown. Two forms occur in adults, the classic and the atypical PRP.
Clinical Presentations
The classic adult form (type I) is characterized by follicular, erythematous, hyperkeratotic papules. Common sites are the torso and extensor surfaces of the extremities. There may be extensive erythema with flaking, which can escalate up to erythroderma in scale. In its course, the PRP typically exhibits a cranio-caudal direction of development. Other symptoms include palmoplantar keratoses, thickened nails with distal splinter hemorrhages.
In 80 % of the cases, a spontaneous remission within 1 – 3 years is observed. Vitamin D3 analogs and retinoids are medications of choice.
Reiter Dermatosis (Reiter's disease)
Definition and Epidemiology
Reiter dermatosis is one of the main symptoms of Reiter's disease, which is characterized above all by the clinical triad urethritis, conjunctivitis, and arthritis. If dermatosis is also observed, this is called Reiter's tetrade.
Balanitis circinata, psoriasis-like lesions and keratoderma blenorrhagicum on the palms and soles characterize the cutaneous symptoms of this inflammatory, chronically relapsing disease.
A genetic disposition (HLA-B27) is suspected. At the same time, an infectious and allergic background is assumed.
Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis
Main symptoms of Reiter's disease are:
- Urethritis (urogenital inflammation)
- Conjunctivitis (iritis)
- Arthritis (oligoarthritis)
- Reiter's dermatosis (balanitis, keratoderma)
Possible accompanying symptoms:
- Fever
- Systemic inflammatory signs
- Iliosacral arthritis
- Internal organ involvement (carditis, pleurisy, etc.)
Symptoms of the skin
Dermatosis can be found in about 10 % of the cases of patients with Reiter's disease. The lesions are exudative. Since the exanthema may be pustular and confluent on the palms and soles of the feet, the so-called keratoderma blenorrhagicum develops. Since the hairy scalp and the nails may be affected as well, the lesions resemble those of psoriasis. Balanitis is found as both inflammatory and erosive efflorescence on the glans penis.
If a diagnosis cannot be ensured with the mentioned symptom triad, various laboratory tests can be used as further indications:
- No rheumatoid factors, no antistreptolysin titer.
- Bacteriological serological indication of past infections; for example, of the bowel or the urogenital tract.
- Immunogenetically, frequently associated with HLA-B27.
Truly effective treatment of Reiter's disease does not exist. Locally, corticosteroids or vitamin D3 analogs can be used, if possible in combination with PUVA or PUVA bath therapy. Methotrexate has been proven to be rather effective. For severe pustular lesions, acitretin can be applied. Urethritis is treated with tetracyclines.
Review Questions
The correct answers can be found below the references.
1. Which statement does not apply? The stratum germinativum of the skin…
- …is well supplied with blood.
- …allows regeneration.
- …is a blastema.
- …has a high mitotic index.
- …shows differential cell division.
2. Which statement about the skin and subcutaneous tissue does not apply?
- The corium is composed of the papillary and reticular layer.
- In the tela subcutanea, strands of connective tissue divide the fat tissue.
- The horny layer of the epidermis is composed of cells with clearly visible nuclei.
- The basal layer of the epidermis contains pulp cells.
- The cells of the stratum spinosum of the epidermis contain tonofibrils (tonofilaments).
3. The basal layer of the skin…
- …is a blastema.
- …has a high mitotic index.
- …shows differential cell divisions.
- …is callous.
- …is well supplied with blood.
- Only 1, 2, and 3 are correct.
- Only 1, 2, and 5 are correct.
- Only 1, 3, and 5 are correct.
- Only 2, 3, and 4 are correct.
- Only 2, 4, and 5 are correct.


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You know what they say… if you can't take the heat, pick a different flavor! A hint of habanero mixed into our fresh hummustir recipe, brings the spice that gives any dish life! What's more, habanero is naturally anti-inflammatory and packed with vitamins, minerals and fiber. Blazin' hummustir isn't only rich in flavor, but health too. Win, win!
Water isn't good for you, said nobody ever. It's essential for hydration, keeping your body and most importantly, your brain, functioning effectively. Water you waiting for?
Organic Chickpeas
A superb source of plant-based protein, chickpeas also contain exceptional levels of iron, vitamin B-6, dietary fiber and metabolism boosting manganese. The anti-inflammatory macronutrients contained in chickpeas are the icing on the cake. Yes peas!
Organic Sesame Seeds
Richer in plant-based protein than most nuts, sesame seeds, used as the one and only ingredient in our tahini, is an easy and delicious way to load up on calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin E and B. It's a tahini bit difficult not to love sesame seeds!
Organic Sea Salt
A moderate amount of the right salt in your daily diet, like sea salt, is essential for proper brain, muscle and nervous system function. Rich in minerals and electrolytes like magnesium, calcium and potassium, sea salt acts as both a digestive health aid and a nutrient enhancer. When you're in a pinch, shake it up!
Organic Habanero
What a habanero lacks in size in the pepper family, it makes up for in flavor. A habanero's health benefits are pretty handy too. The capsaicin, vitamin A and C gets your metabolism going, your cholesterol and blood pressure down and your taste buds tickled. We've got the hots for habanero.
Water, Organic Chickpeas, Organic Tahini (sesame), Sea Salt, Citric Acid, Baking Soda.
Nutrition Facts
Servings 7. Serving Size: 2 tbsp (28g), Amount per serving: Calories 45, Total Fat 3g (4% DV), Sat. Fat 0g (0% DV), Trans Fat 0g (0% DV), Cholest. 0mg (0% DV), Sodium 130mg (6% DV), Total Carb. 4g (1% DV), Fiber 1g (5% DV), Sugars 0g, Protein 2g, Vitamin D (0% DV), Calcium (2% DV), Iron (2% DV).
Step 1
Remove the top lid, grab your chickpea purée (the larger cup) and give it a good shake. Take out your spoon and pull until you hear it CLICK
Step 2
Peel off the lids from both the chickpea purée and tahini cups. Using your spoon, pour all the tahini into the chickpea purée. Every last drop
Step 3
Stir it all up until SUPER smooth. Enjoy!


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The Berkey Creamery at Penn State recalled frozen treats it made over a nearly three-month span after consumers reported finding small pieces of plastic and, in one case, a penny in their ice cream.
The recall announced Thursday affects ice cream and frozen yogurt made between May 16 and Aug. 11 by the on-campus Berkey Creamery. The products have BEST IF USED BY dates between Feb. 10, 2013 and Aug. 11, 2013.
University officials say no injuries or illnesses have been linked to the products but that they're "erring on the side of caution."
"The safety of the public is our No. 1 concern," said Creamery manager Tom Palchak. "Although by all accounts these appear to be isolated incidents, they are troubling to say the least. We have a longstanding reputation for safety at the Creamery and a product that consumers trust. We are erring on the side of caution with this recall and in taking the actions we are taking to prevent any recurrence."
The creamery first received a report about a penny in a half-gallon ice cream container in May. Penn State police thought it an isolated incident until three other customers complained of plastic in their containers.
The Centre Daily Times reports an independent investigation found the plastic pieces did not get into the product during manufacturing.


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Jasmine & Matthew
santa ynez
santa ynez
Photography: Brian Leahy Photography Coordinator: Encore Event Design Venue: Cielo Farms Catering: Contemporary Catering Cake/Desserts: Fantasy Frostings Florals: Blossom Floral Rentals: Premiere Party Rentals 2nd Photographer & Assistant: Brady Puryear & Michelle Stock
Photographer: Brian Leahy Photography Event Design: Ilana Ashley Events Production, Concept, and Catering: Modern Art Catering Venue: Triunfo Creek Vineyards Florist: Wisteria Lane Tableware: Dish Wish Dessert: Superfine Bakery Invitations and Signage: East Six Linens: Luxe Linens Calligraphy: Calligraphy Katrina…
santa barbara
If you haven't heard, I LOVE shooting Indian weddings, Arpna & Neil's was definitely no exception. Talk about an incredibly colorful, festive, and super fun weekend up in Santa Ynez with these two, not to mention I got to see my fav's Megan & Kyle there too! Big thanks to the ever amazing Rani Hoover…


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Teaching faculty
The Cardiovascular Invasive Specialist Program draws its faculty from clinical, scientific and technical staffs of Mayo Clinic. Faculty members are chosen for their commitment to teaching as well as clinical practice or research. Many have published and lectured extensively and are highly regarded in their fields.
You have direct access to these individuals throughout your training. This allows you the opportunity to learn directly from some of today's best practitioners of invasive cardiology.
The faculty and staff at Rochester Community and Technical College are highly qualified and willing to provide individual attention. Instructors have access to advanced learning technologies, as Rochester Community and Technical College continues to strive to be a local and global leader in education.
Visiting professors and lecturers
A hallmark of higher education excellence is the breadth and depth of information and experience provided students by the faculty and visiting experts. Many prominent professors visit Mayo Clinic to lecture on their areas of medical and scientific expertise each year.
As a student of Mayo Clinic School of Health Sciences, you are encouraged to attend all conferences, lectures and seminars prepared for students, residents, fellows and consulting staff.


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Interested in having your child apply to Prairie's 3k and 4k Early School program? If so, we invite you to attend an Early School Discovery Day in the spring of 2019!
Required as part of the application process, our Discovery Day affords your child a chance to be assessed for pre-kindergarten readiness. During the observation, parents are required to stay on campus for an important informational session during which they can ask questions about Prairie.
Please Note: Interested candidates should submit an application and contact the Admission Office to schedule a private tour and visit for their child.


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Safomar Aviation Maintenance offers short and long term hangarage facilities based at Hangar K, Grand Central Airport. With week-day, evening and weekend aircraft movement service for helicopter owners and operators.
Wingman Aircraft Maintenance offers short and long term hangarage facilities base at Hangar O, Grand Central Airport. With week-day, evening and weekend aircraft movement service for aircraft owners and operators.
To advertise in African Pilot, APAnews or on our website, contact Lara Bayliss
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#cover #coverpage #january #africanpilotmagazine #southafricanpilots #pilotsofinstagram #pilotlife #pilotstuff… https://t.co/9wu8MrfS0a5 days ago
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Today 25 July was yet another beautiful sunshine day in Oshkosh with
Yesterday (Tuesday) was a fantastic weather day with some clouds and a
The frozen body of a stowaway fell from a Kenya Airways passenger
By now most professionals in aviation will know that during December 2018


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The Importance of Reading to Your Baby
When should you start reading to your baby? How do you go about choosing the right books for your baby?
It is universally accepted that babies can hear outside the womb after about 20 weeks. By this time, babies are able to recognize their mother's voice, heartbeat and movements. The bonding process between them is well underway.
Since babies are not typically in daddy's tummy, it is highly recommended that men/partners use this time to read to the baby in the womb and start the bonding process by giving your baby an opportunity to hear and recognize your voice.
Reading to your partner's tummy may seem unusual at first, but you will get used to it. Not only will you be bonding with your baby, but this activity will enhance your relationship with mommy, too!
Read, Read, Read
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that you read to your baby every day until they enter kindergarten and beyond. Secondly, the AAP recommends no television until your baby is at least 2 years of age, so you may as well read, right?
In order to encourage your child to read, books should be given as gifts at every gift giving occasion.
A member of my extended family suggested buying boxes of used children's books on Craigslist. You will get books that you have never heard of or would never have purchased in the store, but you will also find some real gems.
For your reference, I have added the age when your child should understand the concepts in the book. But don't let that stop you … read, read and read some more!!!
Hot Tips From My Family and Friends
I turned to my family and friends and asked for a list of books they loved to read to their children.
My brother Pat's advice, "As far as a new born, read them anything because it is all about how you read it. I used to read the newspaper."
The Top Book
The book, "Love You Forever" (3+) by Robert Musch was mentioned most often as a favorite book of all. Based on responses, I would say that this book is a must for every child's book shelf.
I will start with the most popular authors and their most popular books.
I will be reviewing many of the books as I read them to DJ. I have read this book and my review is coming soon.
Books by Dr. Seuss
- Oh, Baby, the Places You'll Go! (written to be read to babies in the womb)
- The Foot Book (2+)
- One Fish Two Fish Red Fish Blue Fish (3+)
- Because a Little Bug Went Kachoo (3+)
- Go Dog Go (3+)
- Oh, The Places You'll Go! (4+)
- The Cat in the Hat (4+)
- Green Eggs and Ham (4+)
- Hop on Pop (4+)
- Mr. Brown Can Moo Can You? (4+)
- Dr. Seuss's ABC (4+)
- My Book about Me (4+)
- Fox in Socks (5+)
Books by Nancy Tillman
- It's Time to Sleep, My Love (1+)
- On the Night You Were Born (1+)
- Wherever You Are My Love Will Find You (4+)
Books by Eric Carle
- The Very Hungry Caterpillar (2+)
- From Head to Toe (5+)
Books by Shel Silverstein
- The Giving Tree (4+)
- Where the Sidewalk Ends (6+)
Book Series
- Sesame Street – various (2+)
- Berenstain Bears – Berenstain (3+)
- If You Give a (Mouse a Cookie) – Bonds (3+)
- Bear in the Big Blue House – Wier, Cherrington and Rillo (3+)
- Pete the Cat (I Love My White Shoes) – Eric Litwin (3+)
- Curious George – Rey and Rey (3+)
- The Frog and the (Toad) – Lobel (4+)
- Click Clack (Boom Boom) – Cronin (5+)
- The Magic Treehouse – Osborne (6+)
- Harry Potter – Rowling (9+)
- BOB Books – Maslen (various ages)
More great books you should read to your baby:
From the Womb and Beyond:
- Chicka Chicka Boom Boom – Martin and Archambault (2+)
- Where the Wild Things Are – Sendak (2+)
- Guess How Much I Love You – McBratney and Jeram (2+)
- I Love You to the Moon and Back – Hepworth and Warnes (2+)
- I Love You This Much – Hodges and Buchanar (2+)
- Good Night Moon – Brown (2+)
- Don't Let the Pigeon Drive the Bus – Willems (2+)
- Make Way for Ducklings – McCloskey (2+)
- Danny and the Dinosaur – Syd Hoff (3+)
- One Drowsy Dragon – Long (3+)
- The Big Red Tub – Jarman and Reynolds (3+)
- The Kissing Hand – Penn (3+)
- Harold and the Purple Crayon – Johnson (3+)
- Imogene's Antlers – Small (3+)
- The Very Cranky Bear – Kanellos (3+)
- The Day the Crayons Quit (3+)
- The Tale of Peter Rabbit – Potter (3+)
- The Napping House – Don and Audrey Wood (4+)
- The Story of Ferdinand (the Bull) – Leaf (4+)
- The Pokey Little Puppy – Sebring (4+)
- My Body is Private – Whitman (4+)
Special Circumstances:
(if your child is going to the hospital)
- Curious George Goes to the Hospital – Rey (3+)
(If a family dog passes)
- I'll Always Love You – Wilhem (3+)
Kindergarten and Beyond:
- Winnie the Pooh – Milne (5+)
- Personal Space Camp – Cook (5+)
- I just Don't Like the Sound of No! – Cook (5+)
- Stuart Little – White (6+)
- Charlotte's Web – White (7+)
- Frindle – Clements (8+)
- James and the Giant Peach – Dahl (8+)
- Moby Dick – Melville (8+)
- Swiss Family Robinson – Wyss (8+)
- The Wonderful Wizard of Oz – Baum (8+)
- Where the Red Fern Grows – Rawls (9+)
- The Princess Bride (10+)
- Treasure Island – Stevenson (10+)
- Old Yeller – Gipson (10+)
- 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea – Verne (12+)
- Around the World in 80 Days – Verne (12+)
Choosing and Reading the Right Books for Your Baby
I have added some links, which I believe you will find helpful.
The Grown-Up's Guide to the Best Children's Books
The 100 Best Children's Books of All Time
20 Best Baby Books for His First Library
The 100 Best Young Adult Books of All Time
Top 100 Children's Novels
By Bill Robertson


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It's giveaway time here again at Reckless Bliss and I couldn't be more thrilled to announce this awesome giveaway. Liz Sage Designs is giving away one these beautiful custom and personalized Family Trees to a lucky reader!
Printed on textured cardstock and customized with your choice of colors and fonts, these family trees make excellent additions to a baby nursery, a family room or as a great gift (with gift certificates available as well).
Included in this $50 value giveaway, Liz Sage Designs will work with you doing unlimited edits until you LOVE the finished product.
As an added bonus, Liz Sage Designs was kind enough to include everyone in this giveaway by allowing any readers who make a Family Tree purchase during this contest period a free second print ($5 value) by mentioning "RECKLESS BLISS SENT ME" in your order which is great if you want to have one tree framed and one tree in a photo album or baby book.
To receive special offers/discounted pricing on Liz Sage items become a fan on Facebook.
A little bit about the designer: Married mom of 2 little girls ( 5 and 3) - living in the western suburbs of Chicago. She started doing freelance photocards for fun - and has turned her hobby into her job! Most of her business has come from word of mouth or friend referrals....ETSY has really allowed her to share her creativity with the rest of the world. Her favorite creations include the family trees and invitations - because the possibilities are endless.
Aren't they fabulous? I am totally smitten over them! I know you guys are too so I'll hurry up and get to the best part which is
How to enter:
1.) You must first be a follower to enter, then use the entry form below. Go by the same name that you follow Reckless Bliss under and comment with an answer to the question:
"What's is your favorite item from the Liz Sage Designs store?"
The first entry is mandatory to be eligible for any of the bonus entries below.
Bonus Entries:
2.) Become a fan of Liz Sage Designs on Facebook here
3.) Add Liz Sage Designs to your favorite stores on your Etsy
4.) Add my "Reckless Bliss Button" to your blog (leave a link to your blog)
5.) Blog about this giveaway on your blog (leave a link to your blog)
6.) Make a purchase from Liz Sage Designs. Be sure to include to Liz Sage Designs that you were referred by Reckless Bliss so I can confirm it with the seller.
Anytime you do one of these bonus entries please be sure you come back and do another entry form with your follower name and correct email address (your address will not be visible to anyone else)
The contest will close on Thursday at 6:00pm pacific time and the winner will be announced the next day. The winner will have three days to respond and if they fail to do so a new winner will be chosen.
Good Luck Everyone!


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Finn Ryan, Scott Pauli, Pitch Interactive, Wisconsin Educational Communications Board
Learn more about Teaching Climate Literacy and Energy Awareness»
See how this Simulation/Interactive supports the Next Generation Science Standards»
Middle School: 2 Disciplinary Core Ideas, 4 Cross Cutting Concepts, 2 Science and Engineering Practices
High School: 5 Disciplinary Core Ideas, 2 Cross Cutting Concepts, 1 Science and Engineering Practice
Grade Level
Regional Focus
Climate Literacy
About Teaching Climate Literacy
Other materials addressing 6c
Other materials addressing 6d
Other materials addressing 6e
Notes From Our Reviewers
The CLEAN collection is hand-picked and rigorously reviewed for scientific accuracy and classroom effectiveness.
Read what our review team had to say about this resource below or learn more about
how CLEAN reviews teaching materials
Teaching Tips | Science | Pedagogy |
Technical Details
Teaching Tips
- While this map is exclusively for Wisconsin, educators can either use it as a case study or as an example of how to create something similar for their own state.
- There is a more advanced version of this map showing a range of future forecasts on this website: http://www.wicci.wisc.edu/climate-map.php.
- Wisconsin students could graph average temperature data for each decade at their specific location in Wisconsin.
About the Science
- A clear and easy-to-use interactive that students can use to compare average temperature change each decade, beginning with 1960, for selected cities in Wisconsin.
- Comments from expert scientist: This document clearly discusses relevant temperature projections for the state of Wisconsin. It's a quality summary with a clear message. I like the length, citations, and the flow.
About the Pedagogy
- Students are able to select two decades (from 1960 to 2090 ) and the location within Wisconsin to compare.
- Focused strictly on Wisconsin but could be of interest to other Midwestern states.
- There are teaching tips provided on this webpage.
- Additional video segments that support this topic can found on the bottom of the page. Educator should be encouraged to scroll down to the bottom to show students the impact of temperature change across different industries.
Next Generation Science Standards See how this Simulation/Interactive supports:
Middle School
Disciplinary Core Ideas: 2
MS-ESS2.D1:Weather and climate are influenced by interactions involving sunlight, the ocean, the atmosphere, ice, landforms, and living things. These interactions vary with latitude, altitude, and local and regional geography, all of which can affect oceanic and atmospheric flow patterns.
MS-ESS3.D1:Human activities, such as the release of greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels, are major factors in the current rise in Earth's mean surface temperature (global warming). Reducing the level of climate change and reducing human vulnerability to whatever climate changes do occur depend on the understanding of climate science, engineering capabilities, and other kinds of knowledge, such as understanding of human behavior and on applying that knowledge wisely in decisions and activities.
Cross Cutting Concepts: 4
MS-C1.2: Patterns in rates of change and other numerical relationships can provide information about natural and human designed systems
MS-C1.3: Patterns can be used to identify cause and effect relationships.
MS-C1.4:Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data.
MS-C2.2:Cause and effect relationships may be used to predict phenomena in natural or designed systems.
Science and Engineering Practices: 2
MS-P4.1:Construct, analyze, and/or interpret graphical displays of data and/or large data sets to identify linear and nonlinear relationships.
MS-P4.2:Use graphical displays (e.g., maps, charts, graphs, and/or tables) of large data sets to identify temporal and spatial relationships.
High School
Disciplinary Core Ideas: 5
HS-ESS2.D1:The foundation for Earth's global climate systems is the electromagnetic radiation from the sun, as well as its reflection, absorption, storage, and redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and land systems, and this energy's re-radiation into space.
HS-ESS2.D2:Gradual atmospheric changes were due to plants and other organisms that captured carbon dioxide and released oxygen.
HS-ESS2.D3:Changes in the atmosphere due to human activity have increased carbon dioxide concentrations and thus affect climate.
HS-ESS2.D4:Current models predict that, although future regional climate changes will be complex and varied, average global temperatures will continue to rise. The outcomes predicted by global climate models strongly depend on the amounts of human-generated greenhouse gases added to the atmosphere each year and by the ways in which these gases are absorbed by the ocean and biosphere.
HS-ESS3.D1:Though the magnitudes of human impacts are greater than they have ever been, so too are human abilities to model, predict, and manage current and future impacts.
Cross Cutting Concepts: 2
HS-C1.5:Empirical evidence is needed to identify patterns.
HS-C2.1:Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects.
Science and Engineering Practices: 1
HS-P4.1:Analyze data using tools, technologies, and/or models (e.g., computational, mathematical) in order to make valid and reliable scientific claims or determine an optimal design solution.


text: I am new to Windows 10 and have the i7 SB with the SB Dock. I understand that the SB has a huge display and that it is scaled to 200% as it was shipped. I have an Hp 2311x monitor that I want to use with the doc. The issue is that when I connect, I cannot get the monitor to keep the settings/scaling that I want that is different from the SB settings. If I do Win+p and choose extend, I configure both screens. However if I want to only show on the monitor, I have to do it all over again. Are there any tips or apps that I can use to easily switch display profiles? I would really not like to redo my settings every time undock and come back.


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Finance & Development, December 2002
- Letters to the Editor
- In Brief
- Eye of the Storm: New-style crises prompt rethink about prevention and resolution measures
- Assessing the Dangers: Spotting vulnerability to financial risks is key to preventing Crises
- Debt: How Much Is Too Much?
- The Bottom Line: Weaknesses in public and private sector balance sheets could be the sign of a crisis in the making
- Riding Out the Storm: Dealing with crises more effectively
- Financial Regulators Need Independence: Granting more operational autonomy to the agencies that keep an eye on the financial sector can bolster financial stability
- Picture this: How corruption holds countries back
- Managing the Fiscal Impact of Aid: Poor countries must find better ways to manage spending in the face of volatile and unpredictable aid flows
- Hawala: How does this informal funds transfer system work, and should it be regulated?
- Prolonged Use of IMF Loans
- Thinking Big: How can small states hold their own in an increasingly globalized economy?
- Common Currency: GCC countries face fundamental choices as they head for monetary union
- A Bigger Role for Legislatures: As elected representatives, legislatures should be involved in developing national poverty reduction strategies and overseeing their implementation
- The Elusive Peace Dividend: How armed conflict and terrorism undermine economic performance
- Book Reviews
- Straight Talk: Rethinking capital controls - When should we keep an open mind?
- Index: 2002—Volume 39
A Bigger Role for Legislatures: As elected representatives, legislatures should be involved in developing national poverty reduction strategies and overseeing their implementation
- International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
- Published Date:
- January 2003
Show Summary Details
You are not logged in and do not have access to this content. Please login or, to subscribe to IMF eLibrary, please click here


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Self-help measures
There are a number of things you can do yourself to help keep the symptoms of rosacea under control, including:
- avoiding things that trigger your symptoms – for example, by using sun cream and covering yourself up if direct sunlight makes your symptoms worse
- taking good care of your skin – for example, by using products suitable for sensitive skin
- using make-up – patches of persistent red skin can be disguised using specially designed camouflage make-up
- keeping your eyelids clean – if rosacea is causing your eyelids to become inflamed (blepharitis)
Read about self-help measures for rosacea.
Treating papules and pustules
If you have round red bumps that rise from your skin (papules) and pus-filled swellings (pustules) caused by rosacea, there are a number of different medications that can be effective.
These can be divided into topical treatments that are applied to the skin, or oral treatments, which are taken by mouth.
Topical treatments
Topical medications are usually prescribed first. These include:
- metronidazole cream or gel
- azelaic acid cream or gel
- ivermectin cream
Ivermectin is a relatively new medicine. There's some evidence to suggest it may be more effective and perhaps less irritating to the skin than metronidazole, although it's not currently available on the NHS everywhere and may only be recommended if the other treatments don't work.
You'll usually need to apply these topical treatments once or twice a day, taking care not to get them in your eyes or mouth. It may be several weeks before you notice any significant improvement in your symptoms.
Side effects of these treatments can include a burning or stinging sensation, itchiness and dry skin.
Oral antibiotics
If your symptoms are more severe, an oral antibiotic medication may be recommended as these can help reduce inflammation of the skin.
Antibiotics often used to treat rosacea include tetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycycline and erythromycin.
These medications are usually taken for four to six weeks, but longer courses may be necessary if the spots are persistent.
For example, a low-dose doxycycline capsule is available if oral antibiotics need to be taken long term.
Common side effects of these medications include:
- feeling and being sick
- diarrhoea
- bloating and indigestion
- tummy (abdominal) pain
- loss of appetite
Some of the medications used can also make your skin sensitive to sunlight and artificial sources of light, such as sun lamps and sunbeds.
As with the topical treatments mentioned above, these medications usually need to be taken once or twice a day and you may not notice a significant improvement in your symptoms for several weeks.
Oral isotretinoin
Isotretinoin is a medicine often used to treat severe acne, but at lower doses it's also occasionally used to treat rosacea.
As isotretinoin is a strong medication that can cause a range of side effects, it can only be prescribed by a specialist in treating skin conditions (dermatologist) and not your GP.
Common side effects of isotretinoin include:
- dryness and cracking of the skin, lips and nostrils
- inflammation of your eyelids (blepharitis) or eyes (conjunctivitis)
- headaches
- muscle or joint pain
- back pain
- blood in your urine (haematuria)
- mood changes
Isotretinion can also cause birth defects if taken during pregnancy.
Treating facial redness
Treating facial redness and flushing caused by rosacea is generally more difficult than treating papules and pustules caused by the condition.
But as well as the self-help measures mentioned above, there are some medications that can help.
Brimonidine tartrate
Brimonidine tartrate is a relatively new medication for facial redness caused by rosacea. It comes in the form of a gel that's applied to the face once a day.
The medication works by restricting the widening (dilation) of the blood vessels in your face. Research has shown it can start to have an effect about 30 minutes after it's first used, and this can last for around 12 hours.
Common side effects of brimonidine tartrate include itchiness and a burning sensation where the gel is applied.
Less common side effects can include:
- a dry mouth
- headaches
- pins and needles
- dry skin
A rebound effect, where flushing becomes worse, has also been reported with this medication.
Oral treatments
Alternatively, there are a number of oral medications that may help improve redness caused by rosacea.
These include:
- clonidine – a medication that relaxes the blood vessels
- beta-blockers – medications that decrease the activity of the heart
- anxiety medications – medications sometimes used to help calm the person and reduce blushing
It's not clear how effective these medications are at treating redness caused by rosacea, but they may sometimes be prescribed under the supervision of a dermatologist.
Laser and intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment
Redness and visible blood vessels (telangiectasia) can also sometimes be successfully improved with vascular laser or intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment. These treatments may also improve flushing.
A referral to a dermatologist is usually required before having these treatments and they're not usually available on the NHS, so you may need to pay for them privately. Around two to four treatments may be needed, so the overall cost may be significant.
Laser and IPL machines produce narrow beams of light that are aimed at the visible blood vessels in the skin. The heat from the lasers damages the dilated veins and causes them to shrink so they're no longer visible, with minimal scarring or damage to the surrounding area.
Laser treatment can cause pain, but most people don't need an anaesthetic. Side effects of laser treatment are usually mild and can include:
- bruising
- crusting of the skin
- swelling and redness of the skin
- blisters (in rare cases)
- infection (in very rare cases)
These side effects usually only last a few days and are rarely permanent.
Treating thickened skin
In some people with rosacea the skin of the nose can become thickened. This is known as rhinophyma.
If you have severe rhinophyma, your GP may refer you to a dermatologist or plastic surgeon to discuss ways the appearance of your skin can be improved.
A number of surgical treatments are available to remove any excess tissue and remodel the nose into a more pleasing shape.
This may be done with a laser, a scalpel or specially designed abrasive instruments using a technique called dermabrasion.
Treating eye problems
If rosacea is affecting your eyes (ocular rosacea), you may require further treatment.
For example, you may need to use lubricating eye drops or ointment if you have dry eyes, or oral antibiotics if you have blepharitis.
If initial treatment isn't effective or you develop any further problems with your eyes, you'll need to be referred to an eye specialist called an ophthalmologist for further assessment and treatment.
Read more about:


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From Angelina Jolie's reinvention of the wicked Maleficent to Kristen Stewart's heroic Snow White to Emma Watson's much anticipated turn as Belle in Beauty and the Beast, adding a star to a beloved Disney story is a well-known formula for movie magic. Fairy tales like Cinderella tend to be remade over and over again, but there are a few Disney classics that haven't found their way to a live-action transformation quite yet.
Emma Stone is in talks to bring one such neglected character, Cruella de Vil, to movie theaters, and Disney has a plethora of other untapped material that only needs the missing ingredient of a popular actor to help them onto the big screen. After all, everyone already knows the stories, so a studio only requires the right famous face to give these animated classics new live-action life.
Here are 12 Stars Who Should Bring Classic Disney Characters to Life.
If there was a safe and predictable choice for Ariel from The Little Mermaid, it was Chloe Grace Moretz. She's a young starlet with some big films under her belt and pretty well-established acting chops — one can see why a big studio like Universal would invest in the sure bet of a traditional fairy tale with Moretz attached.
However, predictable can easily bore audiences, and having the opportunity to see how Universal's The Little Mermaid performs may work in Disney's favor if they choose to make their own Mermaid reboot. One of the ways Disney could make a much bigger splash in their casting is by hiring one of their alumni who has been making a name for herself away from their channel, Zendaya. She would be an unexpected choice, but one that still comes with a lot of recognition, press, and fans.
Considering the incredible diversity problems the film and TV industries are still struggling with when it comes to casting black and Asian actors, it likely won't come as a surprise that Native American actors are even more severely underrepresented in Hollywood. So, while there's no A-list star that a studio could turn to for a guaranteed hit based on fame alone, the story of Pocahontas is still worth revisiting with talented actors who are able to tell the story.
Devery Jacobs impressed audiences at the Toronto Film Festival with her tour-de-force role in Rhymes for Young Ghouls. Since then, she's worked on other independent films, but has yet to hit the mainstream. From her work in Rhymes for Young Ghouls alone though, it seems that Jacobs would be more than capable of telling Pocahontas' history in an incredibly moving way.
Everyone who saw Jacob Tremblay's performance in Room last year would say that the kid's got a big career ahead of him. Although he didn't end up getting an Oscar nomination for his role of Jack, Tremblay has become an instant sensation in Hollywood. Jurassic World's Colin Treverrow cast Tremblay in his new movie, The Book of Henry; and, Tremblay will be starring alongside Julia Roberts in Wonder, an adaption of a best-selling novel.
If Tremblay is cast in the forthcoming Ron Howard helmed live action Pinocchio, his wide-eyed innocence and intense emotional range for his age could tell the story with a new level of depth. In the hands of Tremblay, the tale of the puppet longing to be a real boy could end up moving even the coldest of hearts.
Jamie Chung's performance as Mulan on Once Upon a Time could easily qualify as a multiple-episode-long audition for the feature film version of the Chinese warrior's story. And considering Mulan's character hasn't seen a significant amount of screen time on the show, Disney would still have a lot of freedom to tweak any plot elements they wanted for a live-action movie. Additionally, OUAT's Mulan is gay, which would be a big step for Disney to take if they (hopefully!) kept that character detail consistent in the feature film.
Chung has been on the verge of a breakthrough for years, from kicking ass as an action star in Sucker Punch to wrangling freshman in Resident Advisors. A starring role as Mulan, especially if she was the first openly gay Disney princess, would be sure to earn Chung some well-deserved praise.
Disney did a great job of rebooting the classic damsel in distress story of Rapunzel when they updated it with a capable and enthusiastic heroine who is so much more than her lengthy locks. Tangled's Rapunzel may not start out a very worldly character, but her bravery in the face of danger and eagerness to learn endear her to the audience and to all of the oddballs she meets on her journey to discovering her past.
In casting a live-action Rapunzel, one would need someone with equal spunk and joyousness to prevent the tale of the long-haired maiden from being stale. By this point, Maisie Williams is a pro at playing the unexpected badass female thanks to her fan favorite role as Arya on Game of Thrones. Arya and Rapunzel's skills are constantly underestimated, and Maisie Williams is an expert at making people regret making such quick assumptions.
Rebel Wilson's killer performance as Ursula in the recent live rendition of The Little Mermaid in L.A. certainly doesn't hurt her chances of being cast as the villainous sea witch in any future versions of the film. While it's possible that Wilson may have missed the boat on the Chloe Grace Moretz adaptation being made by Universal Pictures and Working Title Films, Disney has suddenly become interested in the property once again, giving Wilson another opportunity to snag the role.
Ursula's particular brand of cruel comes with a snarling and sarcastic personality, suited to Wilson's rowdy and off-kilter brand. Wilson's comedic chops are well documented in movies such as Bridesmaids, Bachelorette, and Pitch Perfect, but playing a Disney villain would really up Wilson's status as a star.
It's become unclear whether Disney is moving forward with a Genies movie ever since Robin Williams' passing put some roadblocks in their path to reviving his phenomenally funny blue character. And having someone attempt to recreate the comedic genius of the character that Williams made so iconic would be an uphill battle for whoever was charged with matching the fond memories people have of Williams' singular Genie. So, whether it is a new Genie character or a reimagining of Williams' work, it would take a universally liked comedian to release the Genie from the lamp once again.
Kevin Hart has been a comedy hit machine for the last several years, making a string of profitable movies like Ride Along and Get Hard that have turned him into a favorite of the film world. While copying Williams' Genie would almost certainly not work, Hart could bring his own energy and enthusiasm to the beloved role.
Despite the numerous versions of Hercules seen onscreen throughout the years, the world has yet to see the full story of his love interest (and fan favorite from the Disney film), Meg. And if there's an actress with some experience taking the spotlight away from bulky heroic types, it's Gal Gadot. The 31 year old Gadot stole the show from Batman and Superman in this year's Batman v. Superman: Dawn of Justice and revved up the excitement for her standalone Wonder Woman movie in 2017.
Even though it seems pretty unlikely that Gadot would do two such similarly Greek-influenced roles in a row, she's still at the top of the list of actresses who could truly pull off Meg's guarded and snarky attitude while rocking a toga.
Although Atlantis: The Lost Empire may not be one of Disney's most popular movies, its ensemble of oddball characters and deep-sea adventure could be just the ticket to a box office hit. Creating Atlantis with extraordinary effects and sets could be a chance for Disney to design another beautiful, mythical (most likely 3D) world that would immerse children and adults in the ancient legend.
Atlantis' central character, Milo Thatch, is a bookworm with a sense of adventure who is finally getting the opportunity to see if his years of research will result in a spectacular discovery. Joseph Gordon-Levitt's boy-like charm and sincerity would be the perfect match for Milo and his academic enthusiasm combined with social awkwardness. Gordon-Levitt is an actor who can handle comedy and drama with equal aplomb, and has grown into a serious leading man who could anchor this massive underwater exploration.
Ever since she broke our hearts with her brief stint in The Hunger Games series as the ill-fated Rue from District 11, Amandla Stenberg has continued to build up her acting resume. Most recently, she landed at the Sundance Film Festival with the little indie, As You Are, a grungy teen drama and was a part of Beyonce's recent Lemonade music project. But, the film world isn't the only place Stenberg is making her mark. The now 17 year old has spoken out about cultural appropriation, diversity representation in film, and the importance of self-acceptance as an LGBT teen.
As such a strong female figure, Stenberg could be the perfect fit to bring the first black animated Disney princess, Tiana from The Princess and the Frog, to life. The only downside may be that the character spends a lot of her time on screen in frog form.
Ever since he won the hearts of fanboys and fangirls alike as the underdog trainee spy, Eggsy, in Kingsman: The Secret Service, Taron Egerton has shot straight to the top of everyone's hot young actors list. He may have lost out on the chance to be young Han Solo, but his career still has plenty of momentum. Egerton landed the titular role in Lionsgate's Robin Hood: Origins and will be playing a financial bad boy alongside Ansel Elgort in Billionaire Boys Club.
Tackling the mischievous Jim Hawkins in a live-action adaption of Treasure Planet would be right in Egerton's wrong-side-of-the-tracks heartthrob wheelhouse. The lesser-known space pirate story could be a tremendously entertaining trip through the galaxy, with some stunning visual effects paired with the time-tested and beloved characters from Treasure Island.
As the star of one of the most talked about shows on television, Rami Malek sits in the envious position of being on the verge of a career breakthrough. Mr. Robot is adored by critics and audiences largely thanks to Malek's complex and compelling portrayal of Elliot Alderson, a hacking genius with more than a few eccentricities. It seems like it will only be a matter of time until Malek has his big break in one franchise film or another.
And nothing announces your arrival as a bankable star quite like Disney making you the lead in their latest reboot. Aladdin has remained relatively untouched -- aside from some straight-to-video sequels -- since its release in 1992. With a talented actor like Malek as the lead, it could be a great opportunity to do a bit of overhaul with the story and make something a bit more contemporary with all the same magic and fun.
Is there a Disney character you want to see brought to life? Have a specific actor in mind for the role? Let us know in the comments!


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İdil Sanat ve Dil Dergisi
Cilt 5, Sayı 24 Yaz II 2016 (ISSN: 2146-9903, E-ISSN: 2147-3056)
Ali Asker BAL
Makale Adı
Old societies used to express and pass on their own histories through myths. In the societies where writing didn't exist yet, there used to be a history telling easy to memorize in the forms of oral expression such as chants and poems, songs and ballads and thus it would be passed on from generations to generations. In the contemporary history, though, it is being collected and piled in digital lines and a virtual universe. Deluge, Sacrifice and Karbala myths have left deep signs in the Middle East and Mesopotamia where wars and devastations have been taking place continually. The images and photos that we come across on media everyday reminds us of this myths again and because of the meaning they bear, they leave traumatic impacts on people's minds. This study will focus on the topics in question accompanied with Claude Levi-Strauss's 'Myth and Meaning' and Martin Heidegger's 'Being and Time' accompanied with the visuals from the contemporary history. The distinction between myths and history can be understood only through regarding and researching myths as a continuation of history rather than discriminating between the two.
Key Words: Mythos, History, Deluge, Sacrifice, Karbala


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The Nirbhaya Effect: Justice at last !!
So, the death penalty has been declared. Finally.
Every one commented on it, the media channels are all about it, well circulated in the News, some putting in updates every two hours.. The Judges view, that there should be no leniency (the +The Times of India coverage) and the satisfaction on the mother of the deceased, finally being at peace.
For sure good coverage and not my thought for today. Had an earlier post on Nirbhaya, but the thought was more on another vote topic also discussed in the +The Times of India. Will the Death Penalty act as a Deterrent to Rape? Good thoughts no doubt, however though people believe that this will prove as one, have my doubts.
The death penalty in the Nirbhaya case, undoubtedly is what was deserved by the culprits, but the fact also remains that the judiciary acted more in fear of a backlash from the people, rather than give it on it's own accord. Whether the Sessions court in Delhi hand down the punishment fearlessly, is more known to the judges, but all said and done, a bold decision.
The verdict being a deterrent for future rape cases, may not necessarily act as one. The Nirbhaya case, was, is and remains a rare case that sparked a nation wide furore from K to K, probably never before seen. The sheer madness with which the act was done, was enough to provoke even the mildest of the mild to vent his frustration at the social structure in which India seemed to reside.
The rapists know this very well and probably understand the fabrics more than the educated masses. The amount of loopholes that the Secular structure provides, the caste system on which the entire country has been created, the anti community feelings that harbour within communities, the illiterate masses that are managed by shrewed guiltless politicians, who still live in the framework and the mindset of the invaders and communities that think that women are simply objects of fulfillment of pleasures known only to man, the ever increasing number of cases that are pending, collecting dust in the courts… Why will this verdict be a deterrent?
Fast track courts were supposed to deliver verdicts in short periods of time. The Nirbhaya case, took 9 months. Surely one would say, arranging proofs, evidences, etc, however considering the culprits were apprehended immediately, the verdict could have come in six months earlier. That, I feel might have sent in a stronger message, along with a Central decision to move all such cases to the fast track courts and taking it out of the regular courts. That might have sparked a fear among wannabe culprits, that the Government means business and is no longer in a mood of protection.
This will require change, a lateral shift in the thinking, and a willingness to put the electorate first over and above personal goals and the desire to stay in power indefinitely. No doubt, the verdict will see appeals, including possible mercy petitions to the President, however one would not be surprised that this too might be a political manoeuvre, to ensure that the timing if it does come to the President to be rejected (possibly already decided), should be at election time..
After all some Aces have to be managed close to the chest. Now whether the country sees beyond this single instance and insist on a justice path that is short and effective, or is buoyed by a single call and the rest forgotten, is our call.
I probably know how I will react and probably quite a few more, but do all is the perennial Million Dollar question..


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We have been in Idaho all week! We broke the road trip up into 2 days because it's such a long drive. Well, normally we just power through it in one day, but with the amount of snow the mountain passes have been getting, we just wanted to be on the safe side. And I'm glad we did, because we spent a total of 17 hours driving. Yikes. That is a LONG time to be in on the road. But it was worth it. This is the first Christmas we've spent with Philip's side of the family. The boys were so excited to see all of the Aunts, Uncles, and Cousins. And it was so fun for the kiddos to wake up Christmas morning with Grandma & Grandpa Chiappini!
And also, since we always make our trip to Idaho in the Summertime, it was fun to be greeted by snow as soon as we got into town!! And it snowed quite a bit while we were here, too, so we got plenty of use out of our snow gear!! We built a snowman named "Fred", went sledding, and even got to ride the tractor around in the snow. Seriously so much fun was had.
We're leaving tomorrow, and as always, I'm part sad & part ready to go. We'll all miss everyone so much, but least we have the memories! :)
Until next time, Idaho!!


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James Madison Academic Campus Social Studies Department Definition of Rigorous Instruction:
Background Fluency: Students are expected to have speed and accuracy in acquiring basic social studies related terms studied throughout K-8. Additionally, students are expected to think in terms of "historic time" chronologically. Teachers will construct preparatory assignments, use class time for students to study key terms or periods of time through repetition, and read through key terms or vocabulary associated with the topic of study.
Deep Understanding: Students can thoroughly understand and easily operate within a social studies related concept before advancing on. Students will learn facts, why people make certain decision, and the factors contributing to those in power making decisions. Students are able to use previously learned information to draw conclusions using cause and effect in both their topic of study and throughout different social studies disciplines.
Evaluation and Construction: Students are expected to synthesize content knowledge and historical background information in order to analyze multiple perspectives, form cohesive opinions, and take well-constructed positions on historical, theoretical, and present-day topics. Students are able to compare and contract different views, explain why they support a position, and why someone else may support a different position. They will also be able to demonstrate the relevance of their position across various social studies disciplines and over time.


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From The Terra-Cotta Dog: To judge from the entrance the dawn was making, it promised to be a very iffy day - that is, blasts of angry sunlight one minutes, fits of freezing rain the next, all of it seasoned with sudden gusts of wind - one of those days when someone who is sensitive to abrupt shifts in weather and suffers them in his blood and brain is likely to change opinion and direction continuously, like those sheets of tin, cut in the shape of banners and rooster,s that spin every which way on rooftops with each new puff of wind.
From The Snack Thief: He woke up in a bad way. The sheets, during the sweaty, restless sleep that had followed his wolfing down three pounds of a sardines a beccafico the previous evening, had wound themselves tightly round his body, making him feel like a mummy.
Death in Sicily, scheduled to come out in late May, is a volume containing the first three Inspector Montalbano mysteries. It has quite a long title. I received a review copy from Penguin, and was excited to read these Italian mysteries. In this post I will review the titles separately.
The Shape of Water: In The Shape of Water, the first mystery in the series, a man is found mysteriously dead in a car by the beach. He had been doing certain things before he died, but it appears that he has died from a heart attack. Inspector Montalbano, however, is suspicious. It's just a feeling that he has, but he somehow thinks that there is more going on than meets the eye. And of course, he is right. There are many secrets swirling around the death, and many people to be questioned.
The writing in these mysteries was certainly quite different than I was expecting. It wasn't particularly suspenseful, but there was a certain charm about it, and once I got used to it, I really enjoyed the snappy dialogue and quick turnaround of events. I didn't love it, but I did enjoy it, and I while I wasn't desperate to see what had actually happened, I did want to find out. The Shape of Water is the shortest of the three mysteries, and was definitely entertaining. Once you get into it, it goes by very quickly and is a pretty short read (153 pages). It was definitely a good introduction to the series.
The Terra-Cotta Dog: The second book in the series opens "with a mysterious tete-a-tete with a mafioso, some inexplicably abandoned loot from a supermarket heist, and some dying words that lead inspector Montalbano to a secret grotto in a mountainous cave where two young lovers, dead fifty years and still embracing, are watched over by a life-size terra cotta dog. Montalbano's passion to solve this old crime takes him, heedless of personal danger, on a journey through the island's past and into a family's dark heart amid the horrors of World War II." As you can see, The Terra-Cotta Dog began with a very long sentence. It was longer than The Shape of Water, and quite different, though still very enjoyable. In The Terra-Cotta Dog, Inspector Montalbano often pretends to be a bit slow in order to trick the suspects into revealing something or in order to surprise them, which is a very effective technique and a classic in mystery stories. But in other respects, these books are different from what most mysteries are like. Sometimes no one ends up arrested and sometimes there are multiple cases that Montalbano is dealing with in the story. They may or may not be connected. I really enjoyed it when Montalbano told off some not-so-nice people. The Terra-Cotta Dog was also very enjoyable, and I liked it more because there was more time for the story to develop, and there were a lot of little details about Montalbano that the reader learns. For example, he has synesthesia; smells have colors for him. We also learn more about his life and personality. I also really enjoyed the character of Catarella; he added some comedy to the story. 265 pages, 5 stars.
The Snack Thief: "In the third book in Andrea Camilleri's Inspector Montalbano series, the urbane and perceptive Sicilian detective exposes a viper's nest of government corruption and international intrigue in a compelling new case. When an elderly man is stabbed to death in an elevator and a crewman on an Italian fishing trawler is machine-gunned by a Tunisian patrol boat off Sicily's coast, only Montalbano suspects the link between the two incidents. His investigation leads to the beautiful Karima, an impoverished housecleaner and sometime prostitute, whose young son steals other schoolchildren's midmorning snacks. But Karima disappears, and the young snack thief's life-as well as Montalbano's-is on the line . . ." These books have such unique plots, and The Snack Thief was no exception. The characters are developed more, and there's another great mystery to read. 4 stars, 239 pages.
So overall, the first three books in this series are really good and highly recommended. This series is quite different from many other mysteries, but very entertaining and absorbing. You can, of course, buy the first three books separately now, but this volume of all three is coming out May 28th. Thanks again to Penguin.
Read Death in Sicily:
- if you like mystery
- if you like Italian fiction
- if you like this series
|Very Good! I would recommend this book!


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No Visas for St Petersburg
St. Petersburg Mayor Valentina Matvienko decided to allow all tourists into the city without visas for 72 hours.
If the project is successful, it could be repeated again and extended around Russia.
Sergey Korneev, vice-president of the National Association of Tourism Industry, said the plan was "revolutionary" explaining that "it's a brilliant decision to support the tourism."
St. Petersburg will attract about 30 million European tourists a day, spending 150 euro each, which will bring 13,5 million euro total earnings.
Russia already did waive visas in 2008 when Moscow hosted the UEFA Champions League football final in 2008. Instead of visas, fans were able to use their match tickets.


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Product Specs
- Topwood: Maple
- Body Core: Alder
- Fingerboard: Ebony
- Fingerboard Markers: n/a
- Nut: Ebony
- Bridge: Ebony
The F Series is designed for players that want to have the best features of a Stonefield while working at a lower price point than our handmade M and C Series instruments. Available with a Slimline string spacing of approximately 16mm or a Classic string spacing of 19mm at the floating ebony bridge. The F Series is built with a body core of alder, an ebony fingerboard, three-piece laminated maple neck sprayed satin lacquer finish.
Be sure to look into our Cases and Bags page to select either our lite flight case or gig bag to accompany the purchase of this bass.
When your order has been processed we'll be in touch to confirm your choice of Slimline or Classic string spacing and to work through shipping costs. Shipping method and costs will be determined by agreement and based on your location.
Floating Bridge
Geared Tuner
Twin Pickups
Grow with Your Bass
for players that can foresee their own growth on the instrument, the F Series is designed to grow as you do with these optional upgrades:
The remarkable Tomm Stanley™ Tuning System tailpiece.
A retrofit neck brings you the rest of the Tomm Stanley™ Tuning System
Weight can be reduced by ordering the same super-lightweight control knobs found on our M Series instruments
For the ultimate tone, our all-wood, three-piece floating bridge is a simple upgrade as well.


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Passenger Car Tire Treads
Solution SBRs are gradually replacing emulsion SBRs for summer and winter tire treads requiring low rolling resistance tires without compromising grip especially in the high performance sector. It is sometimes blended with NR and BR (Buna CB®) to improve the balance of properties of the final product.
As a component in the polymer blend of car tire treads, grip and rolling resistance will be enhanced by controlling the glass transition temperature and shape of the tan delta curve.
The LANXESS Buna® VSL portfolio offers solution styrene butadiene rubbers that have different styrene and vinyl levels which allows the glass transition temperature of the tread compound to be adjusted in order to steer the end properties required by the application.
A step forward has been taken with the introduction of the Buna® FX 3234A-2 HM grade, which is a functionalized S-SBR that enhances the polymer to filler interaction. This enhancement reduces internal frictions inside the tread compound thus improving the rolling resistance levels even further.
In combination with Buna® CB Neodymium Butadiene Rubber, abrasion resistance and low temperature flexibility can be improved to enhance the tread properties further.
Buna® FX, Buna® VSL and Buna® CB or Buna® Nd EZ grades are well suited for the production of high performance summer and winter tire treads requiring optimum fuel economy, safety and service life.