text:
I would like to find out the following information:
- What are they?
- Example usage in game development (the area they are used in)
About the following vector types:
A simple game development centric explanation would suffice.
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I would like to find out the following information:
About the following vector types:
A simple game development centric explanation would suffice.
Generally speaking, a Normal vector represents the direction pointing directly "out" from a surface, meaning it is orthogonal (at 90 degree angles to) any vector which is coplanar with (in the case of a flat surface) or tangent to (in the case of a non-flat surface) the surface at a given point.
A Tangent vector is typically regarded as one vector that exists within the surface's plane (for a flat surface) or which lies tangent to a reference point on a curved surface (ie. if a flat plane were constructed with the same normal from the reference point, the tangent vector would be coplanar with that plane).
The concept of a Binormal vector is a bit more complex; in computer graphics, it generally refers to a Bitangent vector (reference here), which is effectively the "other" tangent vector for the surface, which is orthogonal to both the Normal vector and the chosen Tangent vector.
With regards to how they are computed, this varies depending on the complexity of the surface and how precise you want the normal to be (in some cases, such as with smooth shaders, it is more desirable to calculate a normal for an approximated surface, when the actual information for a surface is not present), but there are several generalized formulas given here.
In terms of where they occur, the answer is EVERYWHERE. Normal vectors are used to position cameras and objects in 3D space, to determine trajectories, reflections, and angles in physics calculations, to map skins and textures to 3D models, to determine aim trajectory offsets in AI programming, to give hints to shaders about how to light, shade, and color points on a surface relative to lights, the camera, and other objects, and so on. They are possibly one of the most useful pieces of information to have in a 3D environment, and they even come in extremely handy in 2D as well.
Normal vectors are typically used for lighting calculations. It is a vector that is supposed to be perpendicular to the surface that is approximated by the vertices of a mesh. Normals are defined at each vertice position but can be calculated differently depending on how you want light to refect at that vertice or what you want to do with your light calculations in the shader.
Tangent and Binormal vectors are vectors that are perpendicular to each other and the normal vector which essentially describe the direction of the u,v texture coordinates with respect to the surface that you are trying to render. Typically they can be used alongside normal maps which allow you to create sub surface lighting detail to your model(bumpiness).
There are obviously other ways to utilize these vectors and I have just described the average use of them. For more technical information I would suggest you pick up a book on computer graphics or explore some articles on the internet. There is plenty of information out there about this.
The difference between the tangent and the binormal is less immediately clear on surfaces, but that shouldn't be too surprising - the binormal was originally defined not for surfaces but for curves, where the concept makes a lot more sense (and where it really lives as a 'normal' in that it's orthogonal to the direction of movement, thus the name). To be more specific, given a space curve of the form p = V(t) = (Vx(t), Vy(t), Vz(t)), then the tangent - which is a vector pointing in the direction of motion - is given by Tu = dp/dt = (dVx/dt, dVz/dt, dVz/dt). (I'm using the subscript here to distinguish 'unnormalized' since I don't have my MathJax here.) Then the (instantaneous) speed along the curve is just s = |Tu|, the length of the tangent vector, and the 'normalized' tangent vector is simply T = Tu/s.
Then the normal vector to the curve is the derivative of the normalized tangent vector over time, Nu=dT/dt; the reason that the normalized tangent is used here is to keep the speed along the curve from skewing the normal vector - you can show that with this definition, we always have T.Nu = 0. Note that Nu isn't necessarily a unit vector, any more than Tu is; in fact, its magnitude k = |Nu| is the (instantaneous) curvature of the curve at the given point, and the point p+Nu is the center of the so-called osculating circle (at the given point). The normalized normal is then just N=Nu/k, and the bitangent B is the cross product B=TxN; since T and N are both unit vectors and they're orthogonal to each other, then B is also a unit vector, and (T, N, B) is an orthogonal frame.
Note that by this definition the 'binormal' to a curve is closer to what we think of as the normal to a surface (it's the normal to the 'local' plane of the curve), and the normal to a curve is closer to what we think of as the bitangent to a surface.
(This image, sadly, doesn't really do the concept justice, but it's the best I could find on the web and I can't readily build my own...)


text:
The study of philosophy embodies the mission of Brescia University College, which seeks to produce liberally educated women who not only think critically but also consider the ethical implications of their decisions. Brescia's philosophy courses help students to acquire basic cultural literacy, enhance their abilities to articulate and reflect on fundamental issues such as happiness, justice and the meaning of life and to empower students to take their place as citizens capable of critically evaluating arguments that bear on public affairs. Philosophy certainly fits in well with Brescia's emphasis on women in leadership.
What Questions Does Philosophy Attempt to Answer?
Philosophy engages in critical and creative thinking about such fundamental questions as: What is important and worthwhile in life? Is there a sense to the universe? Does God exist? How can I best discover who I am and fulfill my potential as a human being? What moral obligations do people have to one another? What makes societies just? What can we know? Brescia offers courses in which these and many other philosophical questions are explored.
Why Study Philosophy?
There are many reasons for studying philosophy, both personal and practical. In terms of personal growth, philosophy provides unique and rewarding tools for our quest to live an examined life. Philosophy enables us to reflect on questions about who we are and how we should live. It is also worth noting that the study of philosophy, with its emphasis on writing and critical thinking skills, opens many doors for future careers. Philosophy is excellent preparation for professional training, particularly but not exclusively, in business, teaching, and law. In addition, philosophy is good preparation for careers in journalism, publishing, and government. Studies have shown that philosophy students not only score close to the top in graduate entrance exams but that they excel, relative to other disciplines, in the fields of business, law, education, and government after they have graduated. This is perhaps because people with abstract reasoning skills do better in applied fields, on average, than people who lack the ability to abstract from particular problem-situations. Also, there are careers in philosophy itself, such as teaching at the university and high school level and consulting within business, hospitals, and government. Besides these practical considerations, though, philosophy teaches you to think well — a gift that will continually enrich your life.
Major in Philosophy
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Contact us
If you have questions, please contact Dr. James Doelman,Chair, School of Humanities, at email@example.com or 519-432-8353 ext 28248.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Camelford water pollution incident
Coordinates: 50°37′01″N 4°40′59″W / 50.617°N 4.683°W
The Camelford water pollution incident involved the accidental contamination of the drinking water supply to the town of Camelford, Cornwall, in July 1988. Twenty tonnes of aluminium sulphate was inadvertently added to the water supply, raising the concentration to 3,000 times the admissible level. As the aluminium sulphate broke down it produced several tonnes of sulphuric acid which "stripped a cocktail of chemicals from the pipe networks as well as lead and copper piping in people's homes."[1][2] Many people who came into contact with the contaminated water experienced a range of short-term health effects,[3] and many victims suffered long-term effects whose implications remained unclear as of 2012[update]. There has been no rigorous examination or monitoring of the health of the victims since the incident, which is Britain's worst mass poisoning event.[4][5][6] Inquests on people who died many years later found very high levels of aluminium in the brain. Dame Barbara Clayton led a Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution enquiry into the incident.[7]
Immediately after the contamination the authorities said that the water was safe to drink, possibly with juice to cover the unpleasant taste. In an inquest in 2012 into the death of one of the victims, the coroner stated that South West Water Authority had been "gambling with as many as 20,000 lives" when they failed to inform the public about the poisoning for 16 days, a delay he called unacceptable.[5] In the aftermath of the contamination the public were reassured that there was no risk to health. There were allegations of a cover-up and West Somerset Coroner Michael Rose stated: "I found there was a deliberate policy to not advise the public of the true nature until some 16 days after the occurrence of the incident."[8] Following an investigation by the government's Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment, Michael Meacher, the former Environment Minister, claimed that "various associated bodies tried to bury the inquiry from the start." Meacher told one newspaper: "This has become a tug of war between the truth and an attempt to silence the truth."[9][10]
An April 2013 report by the Lowermoor subgroup of the Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment concluded that exposure to the chemicals was unlikely to cause "delayed or persistent harm" and was also unlikely to cause future ill health.[11][12] In September 2013 the government admitted that there had been a "manifest failure to give prompt appropriate advice and information to affected consumers" and offered an unreserved apology.[13]
- 1 Cause
- 2 Response
- 3 Reports and inquiries
- 4 Health effects
- 5 Legal actions against South West Water Authority
- 6 Allegations of a cover-up
- 7 See also
- 8 References
- 9 External links
On 6 July 1988, John Stephens, a relief tanker driver working for ISC Chemicals, a Bristol-based subsidiary of Rio Tinto Zinc, arrived at Lowermoor Water Treatment Works on Bodmin Moor and found it unmanned.[14] Being unfamiliar with the location, he had been given a key by another driver and told simply that "once inside the gate, the aluminium sulphate tank is on the left". However, the key fitted almost every lock used by the South West Water Authority (SWWA). After twenty minutes looking for the correct tank he tried the key on a manhole cover and when it unlocked believed he had accessed the correct tank.[14] He poured the load of 20 tonnes of aluminium sulphate, used to remove solid particles from raw water, into the tank, which actually held treated water prior to distribution to the consumers in Camelford. This immediately contaminated the water supply to 20,000 local people and up to 10,000 tourists.[15][16] The maximum recorded aluminium concentration was 620 milligrams per litre compared with the maximum concentration admissible at the time by the European Community of 0.2 milligrams per litre.[17]
For several days the water authority insisted the water was safe, and should be mixed with orange juice to disguise the taste of the as yet unknown contaminant. One customer who telephoned the authority the day after the contamination was told "there had been some acidity, but the water was perfectly safe to drink," and was no more harmful than lemon juice.[18] On 14 July 1988 the authority sent a circular letter to all customers "asserting that the water from the treatment works was of the right alkalinity and was safe to use and drink."[19] Within two days, the authority suspected the source of the contamination was the erroneous delivery, which was confirmed on 12 July when the driver was asked to return to the treatment works. However, it was not until ten days later on 22 July that the authority's chairman Keith Court authorised a public notice, containing the first mention of the aluminium sulphate, to be published in the sports section of a local newspaper, the Western Morning News.[20] Stephens stated that after the site meeting where he confirmed he had delivered the chemical to the wrong tank he was told by the authority "not to mention it to anyone else".[21] The SWWA district manager, John Lewis, said they had realised within 48 hours that aluminium sulphate was the likely cause of the contamination, but Lewis said he had been instructed by Leslie Nicks, the head of operations, not to tell the public.[22][23]
Douglas Cross, a consultant biologist based in Camelford, tested the water and found that it contained "not only aluminium sulphate but other noxious substances, too. As the acidic liquid travelled from the plant into people's homes, it corroded the copper pipes and their soldered joints, made of zinc and lead."[1] Official advice to boil the water before drinking was, according to Cross, "dangerous advice because it concentrates the contaminants. They kept flushing the pipes out for months after the incident. This will have stirred up debris in the bends and only have lengthened the amount of time the water was coming through the taps with all sorts of metals in it."
Sixty-thousand (60,000) salmon and trout were killed in the Camel and Allen rivers during the flushing out process.[24][25] The contamination was compounded by the failure of the authority to carry out the required six-monthly cleaning of the tank, which had not been cleaned for three years, leading to a build up of sludge.[26]
A month after the contamination, Michael Waring at the Department of Health (DH) wrote to every doctor in Cornwall saying that, "although he had no detailed information on what was exactly in the water or how much people might have drunk, he could assure them that no lasting ill effects would result."[27] G. K. Matthews, a senior toxicologist at the DH, suggested a team of medical experts should be sent to the area immediately, but a month later said he had been "overruled".[27] The National Union of Public Employees said that the procedure by which the driver had access to the site was common through the region and that they believed this was connected with reduced staffing levels and privatisation plans. They added that they were concerned about the three-week delay in reporting what had happened, and that SWWA district manager John Lewis had been "instructed at a very high level to say nothing". Lewis (not a member of the union) had been dismissed; the union said, "To single him out is unfair."[28]
Reports and inquiries[edit]
In August 1988 a highly critical report by Dr John Lawrence, a senior ICI scientist and non-executive member of the water authority, blamed lax procedures. He also criticised communication failures which kept information from the public.[28]
Lowermoor Incident Health Advisory Group report[edit]
The Lowermoor Incident Health Advisory Group (LIHAG) was set up in January 1989 to provide expert advice to the Cornwall and Isles of Scilly District Health Authority on the health implications for the population of the Camelford area.[29] In 1989 the LIHAG reported that there was no convincing evidence of a harmful build-up of aluminium and that there was no increase in ill health from poisoned water. A further enquiry by the same group in 1991 acknowledged the affair had caused "real suffering" in the community.[30][31] However, Dame Barbara Clayton concluded that this was because of sensational reporting of the incident. She stated that "In our judgment it is likely that these symptoms would have occurred in the normal course of events," and the symptoms were wrongly attributed to the contamination because of "inaccurate and exaggerated" claims of health damage by scientists and the news media.[32] When the Clayton report was released in July 1989, it caused "outrage in Camelford and wide disbelief in the scientific community."[33] One section was later amended to read "alarming statements by pseudo-scientists" rather than "...by some scientists".[33]
COT Lowermoor Subgroup report[edit]
In June 2000 Environment minister Michael Meacher announced that there would not be an independent public inquiry, and declared "All the facts are fully known and there is no reason to believe that a public inquiry could add to that."[34] In November 2000 the Environmental Law Centre [1] prepared a petition to the European Parliament calling for a Brussels-based inquiry.[35] On 14 August 2001 the government announced that an investigation – although not a full public inquiry – into the incident would take place.[36] The investigation was to be undertaken by the newly formed Lowermoor Subgroup (LSG) consisting of scientific and health experts and local resident representatives, chaired by Frank Woods, a professor of medicine at the University of Sheffield.[36] Woods was also the head of the government's Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment (COT), of which the Lowermoor team was a subgroup.[37] Its remit was to advise on whether the incident had caused, or was expected to cause, long-term harm to human health and examine whether the existing programme of monitoring and research into the human health effects was sufficient.[38]
2005 draft report[edit]
A draft report, published on 26 January 2005, was inconclusive, saying that the long-term health effects on the population were still unknown and that there was insufficient scientific information available to determine whether the health problems being experienced were caused by the contamination.[39] Woods called for further studies and said: "We will be putting the strongest possible case to the minister. I believe carrying out that work is important, it is not something which should be dropped and pushed aside."[39]
The following year, Meacher made several criticisms of the group:
- the requirement to examine the DoH's handling of the incident was removed from the terms of reference
- no independent expert on aluminium toxicology was included in the working group
- an attempt was made to include Waring as medical adviser to the group, even though he was the author of the original letter stating that no lasting ill effects would result
- no objective testing of the exposed population was carried out
- too much reliance was placed on the water sample analysis from the South-West Water Authority, the compromised party
- the amount of sludge reported to have been in the contact tank at the time was ignored
- experts were drawn on who had potentially vested interests in the aluminium industry
- the DoH pre-released a highly misleading statement of the findings two days before the draft report was due to be made public
- the executive summary, prepared without the group's approval, and which effectively concluded that the illnesses reported bore no connection with the water poisoning, was "misleading and biased".[27]
Two members of the LSG committee claimed in December 2007 that the DoH had known from the start that some people were at especially high risk from aluminium poisoning but deliberately suppressed this evidence to protect the government's plans for water privatisation.[40][41]
2013 final report[edit]
The final report was published in April 2013, and concluded that it was unlikely that the exposure to chemicals could have caused long-term health problems. Key findings of the report include:
- there is no evidence that the combination of metals which occurred as a result of the incident could have caused delayed health effects
- there was an increase in childhood infections in the area, but this increase occurred before the pollution incident
- a study of cancer incidence and mortality showed that there was no increase in cancer incidence in the area after the pollution incident
- a dermatologist investigated skin and nail problems reported by individuals affected by the incident, and reported that the problems are similar to those experienced by the general population
- there is no evidence that the contaminants can cause joint or muscle pain and/or swelling, and these complaints are common in the general population
- a Camelford resident who died of severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy was found to have higher than normal aluminium concentrations in the brain during an autopsy. However samples from the brain of a patient with similar neuropathology but unknown aluminium exposure found similar higher than usual concentrations. Research commissioned by the coroner compared 60 postmortem brains and found no correlation between aluminium or iron concentrations and the level of congophilic angiopathy or senile plaques[11][12]
Health effects[edit]
A diverse array of short term health effects was reported by members of the public who either drank the contaminated water or came into contact with it while bathing.[16][28][42] These included:
- urinary complaints,
- blistering and peeling of skin,
- hair turning blue or green,
- diarrhoea and vomiting, and
- joint pains.
A 1999 report in the British Medical Journal concluded that some victims had suffered "considerable damage" to their brain function.[43] This contradicted the 1991 LIHAG report telling residents that their symptoms were due to anxiety. The study was led by a consultant nephrologist at John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, and was the first large-scale clinical study of the affected residents. The report stated that their symptoms were similar to those of Alzheimer's disease, which has also been linked with large quantities of aluminium accumulating in the brain.[32] Rejecting the findings of the LIG, the report called for further research to determine the longer term prognosis for the affected individuals and led to fresh calls for a public inquiry into the pollution incident.[44] Although the study was carried out in 1991, its publication was delayed by the ongoing litigation between SWWA and the victims.[45]
Victims have reported:[31][35][42][46]
- fatigue,
- fibromyalgia,
- premature ageing,
- loss of short-term memory, and
- multiple chemical sensitivity.
Seven months after the contamination, one victim underwent a bone biopsy which "found a ring of aluminium like the rings you see in trees" that could not have resulted from normal aluminium absorption.[18][27]
Later deaths of victims[edit]
The husband of Carol Cross, who died of a rare form of dementia in 2004, said in 2006 that he believed that his wife and twenty other people had died as a result of the disaster, and that more cases were emerging.[16]
Victim Sarah Sillifant, who was in her twenties when she was exposed, hanged herself in 2005 after suffering dementia and other symptoms similar to those experienced by Carol Cross.[16] In June 2007, Irene Neal, who lived in Rock, near Camelford at the time of the incident, died aged 91. A post-mortem examination found an "unacceptable amount of aluminium in the brain".[47]
Carol Cross[edit]
In 2006 a post-mortem inquest into the death of Carol Cross at age 58, who was exposed to the contaminated drinking water aged 44, showed that her brain contained 23 micrograms of aluminium per gram of brain, compared to the normal brain levels of 0–2 micrograms per gram. Her death was caused by a form of early-onset beta amyloid angiopathy, a cerebro-vascular disease usually associated with Alzheimer's, which could be connected to the abnormally high level of aluminium in her brain.[48][49] Michael Rose, the West Somerset Coroner, said of the findings: "Further research will be needed before the significance of the elevated brain aluminium concentration in this case can be clarified. A scientific report on the case has been submitted for publication."[49] Daniel Perl, of New York's Mount Sinai School of Medicine said: "If additional similar cases were to appear among the 20,000 exposed individuals then the implications of this incident would become extremely important. Only time will tell. At the very least, increased efforts towards surveillance of individuals exposed in Camelford is certainly warranted."[50]
Rose had adjourned the inquests for Cross and Neal pending further studies, but in 2008 said the Government had refused "to either finance or assist" research to test the hypothesis of a link between exposure to aluminium and congophilic amyloid angiopathy. He said this research was necessary to determine the consequences of the deceased having such a high level of aluminium. He later sought support from Somerset County Council so that the work could go ahead and once more adjourned the inquest into the death of Carol Cross, although Neal's inquest went ahead.[51]
In July 2009 Rose announced that the inquest into Cross's death would resume in November 2010.[52] Rose said that "ongoing medical research would not be completed until late summer" 2010. He explained "This research is necessary to prove whether or not the high level of aluminium in Mrs Cross's brain causing her death through beta amyloid angiopathy (a form of cerebrovascular disease) on February 19, 2004, could be attributed to the aluminium sulphate placed in the public water supply at Lowermoor treatment works on July 6, 1988. This is the last adjournment I am able to agree and the inquest will commence on Monday November 1, 2010 at Taunton."[52]
When the inquest was reconvened Dr. Chris Exley, a reader in bioinorganic chemistry at Keele University, said "The brain aluminium concentration was so high that it is highly likely that it contributed to her brain pathology, probably being responsible for the aggressive form and very early onset of the disease." Neuropathologist Prof. Margaret Esiri, from the John Radcliffe Hospital, said "I have never seen a case such as this at this age. I have seen one case in a woman who died aged 81 but the literature shows only a handful of cases worldwide."[53] As a result of their evidence the inquest was again adjourned to allow South West Water Authority time to seek its own expert evidence.[54]
Carol Cross's inquest was finally completed in March 2012. The coroner returned a narrative verdict recording the circumstances without attributing the cause, in which he said the water supply company, South West Water Authority had been "gambling with as many as 20,000 lives" when they failed to inform the public about the poisoning for 16 days, a delay he called unacceptable. An expert said at the inquest that the levels of aluminium in her brain were "beyond belief".[5]
Rose stated: "I found there was a deliberate policy to not advise the public of the true nature until some 16 days after the occurrence of the incident," and that "[T]he failure of the authority to visit every house after the incident to advise them to thoroughly flush their systems [w]as a serious dereliction of duty. I can say that the incident may either have contributed to or possibly caused Mrs Cross's death, but I do not have sufficient evidence to say so conclusively."[55]
Legal actions against South West Water Authority[edit]
In 1991 the South West Water Authority was fined £10,000 and ordered to pay £25,000 costs at Exeter Crown Court for supplying water likely to endanger public health. The authority paid at least £123,000 to settle almost 500 initial compensation claims and in 1997 a further 148 victims accepted out-of-court damages totalling almost £400,000, approved by a High Court judge sitting in Truro. The settlements ranged from £680 to £10,000.[25][30][56] Some later claimed they were "railroaded" into accepting the out-of-court settlements after being told that their legal aid funding would be withdrawn if they continued with the lawsuit.[3] The judge, Mr Justice Wright, said: "If the case had been contested, there would have been awesomely complex argument over how much [water] they consumed" and that they were "extraordinarily well advised to accept the offer."[57] Cross later said: "The official medical claim from the health authority was that there was no known pathway for aluminium to be absorbed into the body. I would argue that this was a misrepresentation of scientific facts, however it was accepted by the judge [and he] instructed the jury that medical damages could not be awarded. The victims therefore received negligible compensation. This alone is adequate reason for a judicial review, since it resulted in a miscarriage of justice for the victims."[1]
Allegations of a cover-up[edit]
On 13 December 2007 Michael Rose announced that, in light of "a possible attempt to initially suppress the seriousness of the incident, I am asking the chief constable of Devon and Cornwall to hand me evidence gathered at the time of the original investigation," and for the chief constable to appoint a senior detective "to look into the allegations of a possible cover-up."[58]
At the time of the incident the water industry was about to be privatised by the Conservative government of the day; a letter written from a water official to Michael Howard, then Minister of State for Water and Planning, emerged which stated that a police investigation into the poisoning incident was viewed as "very distracting" and that any subsequent prosecution of South West Water would also "be totally unhelpful to privatisation... and render the whole of the water industry unattractive to the City".[59] The Western Morning News, using a Freedom of Information Act request, uncovered a briefing note to the then Environment Minister, Nicholas Ridley, warning: "Those of the South West board with a commercial background are deeply concerned by the investigation."[60] There was speculation in the news media that commercial concerns were given priority over public health.
The former North Cornwall Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament (MP) Paul Tyler also uncovered documents contradicting the water authority's claim that it had advised consumers not to drink the water, and that this advice had been given in a radio broadcast at 6 am on 7 July 1988 and subsequently. The documents, relating to the prosecution of South West Water, alleged that this "was not the advice given to the public on the 6th, 7th, 8th, or indeed on the 12th," and added that the prosecution would say that the authority "misled Mr Healey (the head of the drinking water division at the Department of Environment)... There is evidence that a deliberate decision was made to conceal the truth from the public."[60] Tyler said "I can't think of any comparable accident or mistake anywhere in Britain, particularly one involving what was a government agency, where there was no attempt to investigate what went wrong and why."[3]
In 2001 Environment Minister Michael Meacher claimed that the Government feared what an unrestricted inquiry might find, and that "There was then a great deal of shenanigans about the terms of reference and fighting at all levels in order to limit the ambit of the committee to get the result they wanted. This inquiry was always potentially hugely damaging and hugely worrying to the establishment in terms of the way they handled the incident and clearly there are elements that want to shut it down." No named individuals were ever prosecuted. The national water industry was sold, under the Conservative government, for £3.59 billion, with the sale of South West Water Authority raising around £300 million.[60]
See also[edit]
- ^ a b c Cross, Doug (22 August 2001). "Boiling water: Will a new inquiry on the Camelford poisoning get any nearer to the truth?". The Guardian. London. p. 7.
- ^ "Camelford Water Pollution Case". IrwinMitchell LLP. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
- ^ a b c Gibbs, Geoffrey (9 June 1999). "Still thirsting for justice". The Guardian. London. p. 4.
- ^ "'Very real possibility' that Camelford mass water poisoning contributed to Somerset woman's death | This is Somerset". thisissomerset.co.uk. 14 March 2012. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 14 March 2012.
- ^ a b c "BBC News – Camelford water poisoning: Authority 'gambled with lives'". bbc.co.uk. 14 March 2012. Retrieved 14 March 2012.
- ^ Hawkes, Nigel (20 April 2006). "Alzheimer's linked to aluminium pollution in tap water". The Times. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
- ^ Malcolm, Alan (1 June 2011). "Professor Dame Barbara Clayton Honorary Fellow". Nutrition Bulletin. 36 (2): 283. doi:10.1111/j.1467-3010.2011.01903.x. ISSN 1467-3010.
- ^ "Coroner attacks former water authority 'cover-up'". The West Briton. 22 March 2012. Archived from the original on 28 March 2015. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- ^ "Camelford: The truth will out". The Western Morning News. Plymouth. 26 January 2007. p. 10.
- ^ Russell, Ben (17 August 2001). "Ministers accused of Camelford cover-up". The Independent. London. p. 1.
- ^ a b https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-cornwall-22200035
- ^ a b http://cot.food.gov.uk/pdfs/lwpiapp811.pdf
- ^ "Camelford water poisoning: Unreserved government apology". BBC News. 19 September 2013. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
- ^ a b Wells, Jeff (2 November 2010). "Driver relives day of water poisoning". Western Daily Press. Bristol. p. 9.
- ^ "Public inquiry calls mark Camelford anniversary". BBC News. 6 July 1998. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
- ^ a b c d Lean, Geoffrey (16 April 2006). "Poisoned: The Camelford scandal". The Independent. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
- ^ Rowland, A; Grainger, R; Smith, RS; Hicks, N; Hughes, A (1990). "Water contamination in north Cornwall: a retrospective cohort study into the acute and short-term effects of the aluminium sulphate incident in July 1988". Journal of the Royal Society of Health. 110 (5): 166–172. doi:10.1177/146642409011000507.
- ^ a b Boggan, Steve (24 September 1999). "Day that left a bitter taste in the mouth". The Independent. London. p. 7.
- ^ "Exemplary damages in public nuisance (AB v South West Water Services Ltd [1993] QB 507)". The Times. London. 8 May 1992.
- ^ Greenwood, Andy (9 November 2010). "Water bosses too slow to go public over poisoning". Western Morning News. Plymouth. p. 7.
- ^ "Driver was told to "tell no one" about poisoning". Cornish Guardian. Truro. 3 November 2010. p. 13.
- ^ "Staff 'silenced' over poisoned water". The Daily Telegraph. London. 3 November 2010. p. 15.
- ^ "Water company's staff 'told to keep poisoning quiet'". Express and Echo. Exeter. 3 November 2010. p. 16.
- ^ Park, Chris (2001). The Environment: Principles and Applications. London: Routledge. p. 408. ISBN 978-0-415-21771-2.
- ^ a b Jury, Louise (6 May 1994). "Claimants consider 11th-hour pollution compensation offer". The Guardian. London.
- ^ Gerrard, Nicci (14 July 1996). "What's happened to the children?". The Observer. London. p. 6.
- ^ a b c d Meacher, Michael (26 April 2006). "A wash out: Lessons must be learned from the notorious Camelford water contamination incident". The Guardian. London. p. 8.
- ^ a b c Johnson, Dennis (1 October 1988). "Official dismissed over contamination: Cornish manager made a scapegoat, says union". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
- ^ "House of Commons Hansard Debates for 20 July 1989 (cc298-9W)". Hansard. 157. 20 July 1989. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
- ^ a b "Camelford poisoning hearings begin". BBC News. 3 April 2002. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
- ^ a b "Timeline: Key Events In Camelford Water Poisoning". Sky News. 13 December 2007. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
- ^ a b Rumbelow, Helen (24 September 1999). "Camelford spill damaged brains, says doctor". The Times. London. p. 12.
- ^ a b Vidal, John (15 August 2001). "New inquiry into water poisoning: Minister promises to look again at Camelford". The Guardian. London. p. 8.
- ^ Gibbs, Geoffrey (13 June 2000). "Camelford inquiry refused". The Guardian. London.
- ^ a b Harris, Paul (26 November 2000). "Water poison victims turn to Europe". The Observer. London. p. 15.
- ^ a b Graves, David (15 August 2001). "Camelford health inquiry starts: Campaigners denied public hearing into contamination but minister backs 'quick' investigation". Daily Telegraph. London. p. 6.
- ^ Woodcock, Andrew (15 August 2001). "Now Camelford waits for justice over 'poisoning'". Birmingham Post. Birmingham. p. 6.
- ^ "Draft Report Published into Lowermoor Water Contamination Incident, UK". Medical News Today. 26 January 2005. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
- ^ a b Brown, Paul (27 January 2005). "Camelford inquiry seeks new studies". The Guardian. London. p. 11.
- ^ Sturcke, James (13 December 2007). "Coroner orders police to reopen Camelford pollution case". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
- ^ "Police to investigate claims of water poisoning cover-up". Yorkshire Post. Leeds. 14 December 2007.
- ^ a b Kent, Ann (19 October 1999). "When the water supply to a small Cornish town was poisoned, residents were assured that their health would not suffer". Daily Mail. London. p. 52.
- ^ Altmann, Paul; John Cunningham; Usha Dhanesha; Margaret Ballard; James Thompson; Frank Marsh (25 September 1999). "Disturbance of cerebral function in people exposed to drinking water contaminated with aluminium sulphate: retrospective study of the Camelford water incident". BMJ. 319 (7213): 807–811. doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7213.807. PMC 314205. PMID 10496822.
- ^ Court, Chris (24 September 1999). "Brain damage found in pollution victims". The Scotsman. Edinburgh. p. 2.
- ^ Laurance, Jeremy; Norton, Cherry; Boggan, Steve (24 September 1999). "Contaminated water caused long-term brain damage in Camelford, say doctors study". The Independent. London. p. 7.
- ^ "Camelford health inquiry starts". The Daily Telegraph. 15 August 2001. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
- ^ "Camelford 'cover-up' claim probed". BBC News. BBC. 13 December 2007. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
- ^ Savill, Richard (16 December 2005). "Alzheimer's symptoms in toxic water woman's brain". Daily Telegraph. London. p. 11.
- ^ a b "Water link to Alzheimer's". Daily Post. Liverpool). 16 December 2005. p. 7.
- ^ Hawkes, Nigel (20 April 2006). "Alzheimer's linked to aluminium pollution in tap water". The Times. London. p. 26.
- ^ Morris, Steven (6 September 2008). "Inquests: Camelford coroner attacks lack of state cash". The Guardian. London. p. 8.
- ^ a b Greenwood, Andy (31 July 2009). "Coroner to quiz ex-water chief". Western Morning News. Plymouth. p. 1.
- ^ Greenwood, Andy (10 November 2010). "Experts: Highly likely that polluted water caused death". Western Daily Press. Bristol. p. 9.
- ^ Greenwood, Andy (10 November 2010). "Poison in water 'led to death'". Western Morning News. Plymouth. p. 1.
- ^ "Coroner attacks former water authority 'cover-up'". The West Briton. Truro. 22 March 2012. Archived from the original on 28 March 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2012. – via HighBeam Research (subscription required)
- ^ "Water claims settled". The Independent. London. 11 May 1994. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2011. – via HighBeam Research (subscription required)
- ^ Brown, Paul (11 May 1994). "Residents accept pounds 400,000 from water company for pollution". The Guardian. London.
- ^ de Bruxelles, Simon (14 December 2007). "Coroner fears toxic water was covered up". The Times. London. p. 25.
- ^ Reid, Sue (15 December 2007). "A Lethal Cover-up". Daily Mail. London. p. 36.
- ^ a b c Western Morning News, Was there a Camelford cover-up?, 14 December 2007. Available over the Internet Archived 5 May 2013 at Archive.today by subscription
External links[edit]
- Environmental disasters in the United Kingdom
- 1988 industrial disasters
- Disasters in Cornwall
- Water supply and sanitation in England
- History of Cornwall
- 1988 disasters in the United Kingdom
- 1988 in England
- 1980s in Cornwall
- 1988 in the environment
- 1988 health disasters
- Toxicology
- Mass poisoning
- Water pollution in the United Kingdom
- Camelford


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- bebero
- 6 years ago
- Wedding: April 2013
i've been going to the gym almost every day doing cardio and strenght training and i'm also doing a little bit of yoga (and tons of squats!). also i'm eating super healthy. i'm a little frustrated because i'm not losing weight as fast as i used to when i starved myself and dieted like crazy. I KNOW that it wasn't healthy, I KNOW that I'm doing it right this time, and I KNOW that sustained weight loss is best done slowly. But it is still a little bit frustrating.
How fast do you lose weight when you have to?
i don't have to lose THAT much. 10 pounds would be great but I'll be satisfied once I lose 5, which is what I weighed at this time of last year.


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Installing Vinyl Siding Tips
With a variety of colors and lap-widths to choose from, vinyl siding offers homeowners an inexpensive option when siding or re-siding a home. When installed correctly, vinyl siding provides an attractive low maintenance exterior that resists weather conditions, cracking and peeling. Having the correct tools and supplies is imperative when you're ready to install vinyl siding, and a few builder tips will make the installation process easier.
Start at the back of the house. This allows you to familiarize yourself with the installation process before you reach the front of a house. Also, by installing vinyl siding strips from the back edge and working forwards, the overlapped edges will not show from the front of the house, making the siding look seamless from that angle.
Hang vinyl siding but don't nail it tightly. This is a common mistake new installers make. Vinyl siding comes with a top factory edge that features nailing slots every few inches. Above the slots is a small ridge, approximately 1/4-inch deep. This ridge is your guide to where the head of the nail should rest. For a smooth look, hammer in 2-inch roofing nails no deeper than this ridge. The head of the nail will not be flush with the house.
Use a factory starter strip and level it. Before you put on the first piece of vinyl siding, install a starter strip that runs the entire length of the wall. The bottom lip of this strip should hang below the sill plate. Take your time and make sure this strip is perfectly level, using a long carpenter's level and popping a chalk string as a guide. If your starter strip is level, the rest of your siding will be level.
Install J-mold around windows and put vinyl corners on before running the siding up the wall. The most time consuming part of vinyl siding occurs before you hang the first piece of siding. Follow the manufacturer's directions when installing J-mold and corners.
Leave room for expansion. This tip corrects another common mistake: Vinyl siding expands and contracts with the temperature and if you don't allow expansion room, it will buckle. Leave 1/4-inch at the end of both sides of the siding strip when installing. For instance, if your measurement calls for a 96-inch piece of siding, cut a 95 1/2-inch piece and center it, leaving 1/4 inch on each end. The ends will not be visible as they tuck underneath the corners and J-mold.
Hit studs when you nail on the siding. On a typical house, the studs run 16 inches apart. The easiest way to make sure you hit a stud with each nail is to find the studs before you begin and make a vertical pencil line all the way from under the eave to the bottom of the wall for each stud. When you're nailing the siding on, the lines will show you where to place each nail.
Things You Will Need
- Vinyl siding
- Starter strip
- Corner trim
- J-mold
- Tin snips
- Measuring tape
- Hammer
- 2-inch roofing nails
- Chop saw (optional)
- Vinyl siding must rest loosely on the exterior of the home for a sleek look. If you accidentally drive a nail all the way in, use a nail bar and pull it back out. In addition, place your nails in the middle of the nailing slots to allow the siding to expand and contract without buckling.
- Measure and cut each piece separately. A chop saw is handy but you can cut each siding strip with tin snips.
- Observe safety precautions if you operate power tools.


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Scenario by Qasim Syed, PLE Team Volunteer
Legal Info by JFCY
The group discusses a prank they are attempting to pull.
does not like the sound of
the idea, but being new to the school, he would love the opportunity to make
more friends and be the cool kid. The kids discuss that they will go to a
factory and attempt to sneak in. Jordan
Later in the evening James and the group of kids go to the front of the factory. They see signs emphasizing the consequences of trespassing. Some of the signs are big and they say, "Trespassers will be prosecuted." As the kids walk in
very nervous and contemplates leaving, however he doesn't. Jordan
As the kids walk inside and observe the place they hear a security guard yelling and running towards them. When they look out the window they see two police cars. With nowhere to run or hide,
wonders the consequences of
trespassing. What will become of them? What will he tell his parents? Will he be in trouble? Jordan
Trespassing:The Law in Ontario
They could be charged by the police. The offence is outlined in the Trespass to Property Act and is called "enter premise where entry prohibited". They could be given a ticket to pay a fine, or the officer could give them a "summons", requiring the youth to attend court to deal with the charge. If a youth under age 16 is given a summons, his/her parents will be notified of the charge by the police. Either way (summons or ticket), the youth have the right to dispute the charge in court. They should talk to a lawyer about their individual situation.
Since these youth are breaking provincial law, the section of the Provincial Offences Act that applies to people under 16 would apply if they were charged. (This is different from being charged with a criminal offence, where the Youth Criminal Justice Act applies to people under 18.)
There are a number of differences between the treatment of adults who are charged with offences and young people who are charged with offences. One is that young peoples' identities are protected from publication. Another is a limit on punishments: even if the fine for a provincial offence is higher than $1000, the maximum person under 16 can be fined is $1000.


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Every month we update you on the highlights of what's happening in your union.
- San Diego MEC Meeting
The Delta MEC held its fourth and final Regular Meeting for 2017 in San Diego November 6-10. The MEC held elections for the Negotiating Committee and confirmed several committee chairs. The MEC passed resolutions, including LOA 17-02. There was significant discussion surrounding Delta's joint ventures as well as a special focus on retirement benefit options. Special guests, including ALPA President Tim Cannoll, gave presentations. Click here for the full meeting summary.
- Contract 2019 Negotiating Committee
The MEC elected the Contract 2019 Negotiating Committee at the November MEC Meeting. Captain Chad Smith was elected Chairman, and the Committee members include First Officer Eric Criswell, First Officer Brandon Conwill and Captain Kevin Collins. Their election officially marks the beginning of the preparation for the next Section 6 contract negotiations.
- LOA 17-02 Pilot Qualifications
The MEC unanimously passed LOA 17-02 at the San Diego meeting. The LOA provides PWA changes allowing pilots with less than 1000 Hours Part 121/transport category time to be awarded a Captain AE and trained once he/she is within the training footprint range of 1000 hours.
- Delta Pilot's Mid-Contract Survey
A mid-contract survey seeking pilot input on a number of issues began in November and will close January 17 at 12pm EST. Every pilot (in good standing) is encouraged to participate in the survey. Click the link here to take you to the survey.
- ALPA Membership Benefit Enrollment
Benefit enrollment for your ALPA membership benefits, including Compass Critical Illness and Accident Insurance plans, is open until December 31. Visit alpa.org for information regarding the ALPA benefits offered to you. You can also email email@example.com for any questions regarding your membership benefits.


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The kidneys are seen as crucially important to health in Traditional Chinese Medicien TCM. Cleansing the kidneys with energy excercises and simple practices will redouble your energy and life flow. SEE the video below…
Strong or Weak Kidneys
Weak Kidneys make you cold, tired, susceptible to illness, pale, fearful. Strong Kidneys lead to vitality, bodily warmth, warm hands, haleness and heartiness, courage, and wisdom. The Kidneys are also thought to feed and strengthen all the other internal organs. With weakened Kidneys, or Kidneys emptied of Qi through illness, lifestyle factors, or overexertion all other organs suffer, as does your health.
Strengthening the Kidneys is always good to do, and the whole body/mind benefits.
Psoas Muscle Lengthening
The hip joint has two main parts. The ball and the socket. The ball rotates within the pelvic hip socket. The ball of the hip is also called the "head" or cap of the femur (femur = thigh bone).
The head of the femur is supported by the angled "neck" which joins to the long vertical body of the femur (thigh bone). At the base of the femoral neck is a boney protrusion. There are two very large muscles which converge into a single attachment to this protrusion.
New health Practice:
Warm a glass of spring water until hot. Drink minimum of 2 glasses per day.
This cleanses the internal system, liver and kidneys.
Chi Gung for Kidney health
I have known for years about the two hour blocks each related to an internal organ and meridian channel. For instance 3-5am is the lung channel, and 5-7pm is the kidney channel.
Slant Fly position for Kidney stimulation
The defence application of Slant Fly… for those of you who ask me about this aspect of Tai Chi…
Related Articles
- A Guide to Hip Anatomy (everydayhealth.com)


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"It's complicated"
Really?? In my world, that's not a relationship status as much as it is a page out of the Book of DUH! Of course it's complicated ... it's a relationship!
St. Paul said in his first letter to the Corinthians that "we see through a glass darkly but soon we shall see face to face." He's speaking to the truth that so much of our lives and selves are hidden from the sight of others - never from God, but definitely from others.
We all wear masks to show our best selves off to the rest of the world. Nowhere is that more evident than on Facebook where everyone pumps up their profiles with how cool and hip they are - even as their lives are falling apart behind that computer screen. What we put on social media rarely hints as the broken screwed up parts of ourselves - the parts we fear, the parts others will reject, the parts we hate, the ugliness within. No, we put on our masks and pontificate about our brilliant lives, our stellar ideas (especially when those ideas can be positioned as superior to someone else's), our fantastic careers, etc. And yet all the while we are inside knowing this isn't the whole truth.
It's complicated, isn't it? When the public persona doesn't match the private despair. When the face we show everyone else doesn't match the one we show to our spouses or loved ones. Some people have a high degree of transparency and what you see is pretty much what you get. Others have mastered the repressed dual life and hide behind a mask so well that they really don't know they are doing it anymore ... until they are under duress and the mask slips. It's complicated.
Christ died for the whole of us ... but most especially he died for those ugly repressed parts of ourselves that we really don't want to show others - the complicated stuff. "By his blood he reconciled us. By his wounds we are healed."


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Community Dinner
Welcome to the Community Dinner!
The Last Tuesday of every month
Those are the words you will hear when you enter the church and proceed to the fellowship hall. On entering you will be greeted again and asked to pick up your table service and find a seat where a member of the team will come around, take your order and then personally serve you at your seat.
Members of the church are also encouraged to take advantage of this dinner and are encouraged to visit with our guests so they will feel at home. If there is a need that is identified, the team makes every attempt to help meet that need which includes the Parish Health Ministry Team. They are always on site with trained nurses offering a blood pressure clinic and help with medical issues.
When you leave, you will be invited to take some bread which can range from a loaf of wheat bread to English muffins and other speciality breads that are provided by a member of the community as a free service.
You too are invited to join us, so please come!


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There's nothing quite like seeing the guy who just broke your heart out with someone else.
It doesn't seem to matter how much time has passed; if you haven't moved on and he has, there's nothing that stalls your progress as quickly as that sight. Seeing him with someone else, in that place where you were supposed to be. It makes you experience that heartbreak all over again.
"It was supposed to be me", you think to yourself.
How does it happen? You want to know. Why her – and not me?
I, too, spent far too many hours of my life trying to find the answers to both of those questions. Because, after all, if we know the answer to that, then we feel like we finally have some control over our lives.
After all, we've all heard the all-too familiar story of the rare guy who's been in his fair share of long-term relationships, but never found a reason to commit – until suddenly, we get the news through a friend that he's found the "right" woman for him and his previous aversion to commitment has suddenly gone away.
You wanted this with him. Why couldn't this be happening to you?
Why weren't you enough for him?
These are the questions that play on our minds, giving us one more reason to doubt ourselves and believe yet again, that we're missing whatever it is "she" has that we don't.
"What's wrong with me?" we ask ourselves.
Yes, there's a reason he may commit to someone else instead of you.
The simplest answer? It's because she's not you.
But there's more to it than that. She's not you because she's either got her own commitment issues or she's genuinely not interested in anything more than a very independent kind of relationship where they both lead two different lives.
Whatever reason he may give for why she's got it and you don't if you were to ask him, the only reason is because he has enough space. This is the only reason why it works!
So yes, if you can genuinely give him that kind of space, he might commit. And I say genuine because you can't fake it if you can't live like this, if this isn't how you really want to live. It won't work that way - it has to be real.
But do you really even want to live like that?
Because what you don't see behind the Facebook pictures that show the two of them happily together, is the emotional side of their relationship that isn't there. He's free to do his thing and she's free to do hers, but there's a lack of real intimacy between them that makes him feel safe, and her, too.
They don't have to reveal too much beyond the surface part of who they are. Nothing ever gets too deep, too personal, too beyond the comfort level for both of them because it's not what either of them want.
She doesn't nag. She doesn't ask. She doesn't complain.
He doesn't have to look within.
It works because they're two people on the same page and this type of emotionally bereft relationship works for both of them. They both get their own needs met within their own separate lives so that neither one of them runs the risk of losing themselves in the relationship. For the emotionally unavailable man who doesn't want a real commitment, it's the perfect setup.
Why can't I be like that? It sounds perfect, doesn't it? From where you are, feeling all alone, it makes you wonder why you can't just be that woman. Oh you can be. But if you're not, it won't be sustainable.
Because you're you.
What makes him commit?
A woman who gives him enough space as he needs to be himself and not have to feel pressured into giving more. In a word? Space.
Yes. If he gets lonely enough, if he decides to do the work to do something about it, if he meets someone who has enough of her own life going on that he doesn't have to worry about losing himself in her. If she doesn't need anything more than he's comfortable giving her.
But is this you?
There's a reason these noncommittal types end up falling for someone other than us. It's because we weren't on the same page as they were – and they knew it. If we're honest with ourselves, we knew it, too. We sensed it, we felt it, it's why we're up all night Googling everything we can on the Internet to try to find some shred of hope to hold onto to give us a reason to believe it's not true. But it was and it is. You can fool yourself, but you can't fool both of you. One of you is going to eventually see it for what it is.
Two people on two different pages. Different needs, different requirements, different fantasies, different types of relationships you're looking for. He's not. You are. But there's nothing wrong with you! Just because he found what he was looking for doesn't negate who you are! It's why you've got to stop fighting what can't be because when you're with the one who is on your page, you're going to see this so clearly for yourself.
You can never be happy for long pretending that you can live with who he is and what he wants if you don't want that life for yourself.
You can never be happy for long trying to go along with the pace he's set for your relationship if you want so much more than that.
You have every right to! But don't put that on him. Take it back on yourself and find a way to get your own needs met outside of him. That's how this begins to change. By you looking to yourself, to your own beautiful life instead of him. Maybe one day you'll be the one he's looking for. But I have a feeling by then, you'll be so completely and utterly off of him, that the only attraction he'll hold is of some old fantasy of what could have been.
Do you see that? More fantasy. Come back to reality, Beautiful.
It's where you belong.
Have you ever been through this kind of heartbreak? Are you going through it right now? You're not alone! Share your story with us in the comments.


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Tobacco Companies Using Trademark Claims To Try To Avoid Putting Warning Labels On Cigarrettes & Cigars
from the your-health-is-less-important-than-someone's-trademark deptA bunch of folks sent in this bizarre trademark lawsuit in Australia, where tobacco giant British American Tobacco is suing Australian importer Trojan for trademark infringement. Where it gets bizarre is in what BAT claims is infringing on its trademark: it's claiming that since the mandatory health warning placed on cigar packages covers part of BAT's logo, it's trademark infringement. Think about that for a second. One of the readers who sent this in, Bruce, points us to a little bit of background as well. Apparently, Australia has a new rule coming into effect that says all such products must soon be offered in plain packages -- and some lobbyists in support of the tobacco companies have been claiming that plain packages violate trademark, and go against Australia's treaty obligations -- including its free trade agreement with the US. For years, we've noted that when lobbyists break out the "international obligations" claim, you know that they're really full of it, but this seems especially ridiculous. It's difficult to see how this is anything more than a massive twisting of trademark law.
Filed Under: australia, cigarettes, cigars, trademark
Companies: british american tobacco


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(Credit: Ronald Martinez/Getty Images)
He came out of Stephen F. Austin as an undrafted free agent, with little hope of making the roster. But with a couple of fortunate breaks, he was given extra opportunity to shine throughout the preseason. It's time to meet your next Texans rookie, Willie Jefferson.
Question? Comments. Complaints! Contact me on Twitter and Facebook.


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Determining the right technology solutions is an extremely complex endeavor and often involves a multitude of vendors for the perfect deployment. Customers depend on vendors, distributors and system integrators to help them make the right decisions, but they also need to see the solution from an objective perspective.
Fast Lane´s Seminar as a Service™ Team provides you with a turn-key solution to bring expert-driven events to your existing and potential customers. Rather than using traditional marketing to grow your customer relationships, let Fast Lane educate your customers on the latest solution designs addressing today´s pressing IT concerns.
Seminar as a Service is about making your seminars a success. We can develop the content for you and deliver a professional Webinar or Seminar event. We provide turnkey services including landing page development, pre-event messaging, tailored seminar design, event scheduling, registration management and online post event evaluation. We have honed the art of developing and delivering a professional road show, and now you can take advantage of this, driving deeper customer relationships while providing a valuable educational experience that will help technical decision-makers determine their best path to meeting business objectives.
Events can be delivered both Live Online or through a "Road Show" series. The workshops are flexible, allowing you to reach an audience of both technical and business decision-makers, giving time for theory as well as hands-on experiences that can help bring the value message home.
Contact us today to schedule your seminar series.
For further learning opportunities visit www.fastlaneus.com


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We offer unparalleled access to some of the world's most discerning buyers.
Sotheby's Auction House clients include:
- 71 of Forbes 100 World's Richest People
- 253 of Forbes 400 richest Americans
- 78 of Forbes 100 richest Americans
- 86 of Forbes top 500 CEOs
- 12 of Forbes 40 under 40 list
- 60 of Worth magazine Benefactor 100 list
Auction house clients and enthusiasts are digitally linked to real estate offerings.
The collaboration between realty and auction utilizes a combination of unique and exclusive marketing efforts that provide targeted exposure to a coveted and influential audience.
Experience Via This Link – the Extraordinary World of Sotheby's – Legendary collectors, iconic works of art, new markets and more…experience the glamorous world of Sotheby's in this original video.
Sotheby's reaches every point of the worldwide art market, including places like New York, Paris, Hong Kong and Doha that was first opened to international participation. With 90 locations in 40 countries, 8 sale rooms around the world and private sales galleries in New York, Hong Kong and London. Digital innovations allow clients to connect with Sotheby's any time, from any place, on any device.
What type of auctions does Sotheby's hold?
Sotheby's auctions generally comprise fine arts, antiques and decorative arts, books and manuscripts, jewellery and wine in sales dedicated to each collecting area. Occasionally, however, Sotheby's offers unusual items of great rarity or value—for example, the original rules of basketball or a perfectly preserved dinosaur skeleton — or sells the entire contents of magnificent homes or the estates of great collectors and luminaries.


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Any big news on a 24 movie screeched to a halt at the very beginning of this year, when the show's executive producer, Howard Gordon, revealed that Bill Ray's script had been turned down by Fox. Many agreed that the prospect of a feature film centered on more of Jack Bauer's exploits seemed less likely with this development. This either bothered you or it didn't; a TV-to-film project doesn't exactly leave a lot of middle ground for people.
There is hope for the series' fans, however, and it comes from Kiefer Sutherland. When talking to The Telegraph (via CinemaBlend), he had this to say about the movie's chances:
"We are coming very close to having a finished script. That's been the most difficult thing. You have to remember that we have 24 hours to explain the stories in 24 and so trying to condense that into a two-hour film version has been a real shift in gear for us. We were originally trying to make it too big and put too much into it – but once we relaxed, we found out how to tell that story. So yes we definitely do plan on making the film."
Who's been writing this screenplay? It's possible that Ray quietly returned after his initial draft was deemed unacceptable, or potential director Tony Scott could have gotten someone else on board. The former option is one I'd vastly prefer, as my excitement in a 24 movie — even as someone who watched the show from beginning to end — isn't terribly high. The involvement of a talented guy like Ray makes a big difference, though. But, a script getting completed won't necessarily lead to a film; Fox still has to approve it, after all. Much like Arrested Development, this is one transplant that I'll only believe when I see it.
Does a 24 movie seem like a strong possibility? Is there still any interest on your part?
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In the field of statistics, an antecedent (or 'antecedent variable') is a variable that explains the behaviour of another (subsequent) variable. Usually the antecedent is a chronologically preceding variable, as seen in auto-regressive and time-series models. In the context of simple regression, the antecedent variable would be one that would explain the behaviour of both the independent and the dependent variables.
The primary intention of using an antecedent in statistical models when applied to the field of social science is to explain the cause-effect relationship between the variables in a phenomenon. This helps to get a clearer picture of why and how that phenomenon occurs when the latter's mechanism is not fully clear.
However, it may so happen that the relationship so explained by use of an antecedent may not be realistic, even though statistically significant with high correlation. The well-known example of rhythmic increase of 'ice-cream sales' and 'level of crime' is one such situation. So use of only antecedents and regression models is not recommended for complete explanation of any phenomenon.
Hence, this concludes the definition of Antecedent along with its overview.
Browse the definition and meaning of more terms similar to Antecedent . The Management Dictionary covers over 7000 business concepts from 6 categories. This definition and concept has been researched & authored by our Business Concepts Team members.
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Ax Men, Season 2
- $19.99
- $19.99
The Ax Men are back, and they're bigger, badder and tougher than ever. For more than a hundred years, larger-than-life characters, many of whom are members of logging families that go back to the time when the West was being settled, have spent their days among towering trees and powerful machines and their nights in outposts far from the comforts of civilization. Snapped cables, runaway logs and treacherous machinery are among the many dangers that threaten their lives and safety today. Going deeper into the forest, high into the sky and even down into the sea, the new season follows two of last season's leading teams along with three new companies — including a team of diving loggers and another that uses helicopters to maximize its output — as they race to fall the most timber during logging's most dangerous season. A series of fighting mechanical failures, relentless weather and unpredictable terrain ensues — witness in Ax Men how these brave men battle the elements, picking up where their fathers and grandfathers left off, to conquer America's final frontier.


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Becoming a Member
Becoming a Chamber Member
The Walla Walla Valley Chamber annual membership fee for your business is based on your number of full-time (or full-time equivalent) employees, including regular employees, owners, managers, licensees, agents and commissioned sales people.
Member businesses with multiple outlets but having the same name and being under the same ownership, may enroll each outlet by combining the number of full-time equivalent employees for all outlets. Owners of multiple businesses with different names must enroll each business separately.
To view a Chamber Member Investment Schedule, please click here.
Ready to become a member?
Download an application and fax it to (509) 522-2038, or drop it off at the Chamber office at 29 E. Sumach with your annual investment payment.
Want to know more?
For more information about membership opportunities and benefits contact Greg Kettner at (509) 525-0850 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Heartland America discount products
We do a lot of our shopping for Christmas and birthdays through Heartland America catalog online at their website. They have so many different products with the great pricing. Some of their products are reconditioned models that you can't tell from the perfect brand new ones with extreme savings. One of the things recently that we purchased was a weed whacker. We saved forty dollars compared to the one at home depot.


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BALANCEaap affirmative action software is a secure, web-based application allowing users to create their own 100% technically compliant affirmative action plan. On March 9, 2017, system users are invited to Berkshire's training facility in Columbia, MD for a hands-on experience during Berkshire's one day class. Learning BALANCEaap is critical to the successful completion of your affirmative action plan. If you purchased software, we encourage you to register for training. This targeted training provides the skills you need to complete a plan year after year. During the session, an instructor offers practical guidance to automate the process through BALANCEaap software. This class is public, however private training sessions are available. Register for BALANCEaap training today!
For more information on BALANCEaap Software, click here or contact Berkshire at 800.882.8904 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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When I take a test I look like a scared, wet cat clinging to a tree branch. The anxiety causes my stomach to knot up, my eyes to bug out, and I become paralyzed. Talking myself down, I imagine scooching over in my chair, and having Jesus sit beside me so He can see my exam. I take deep breaths asking Him for help. I am a realtor, which requires continuing education courses from time to time. Well, it was time! After finishing my course exam, I took another deep breath and faxed it to my instructor. I felt good about the answers I submitted. Then, the phone rang. My instructor called to tell me I had failed the test! Confusion, doubt, and low self-esteem crept back into the crevices of my heart. I would have to take the test again! The following four days, I rehearsed what I might have answered incorrectly. I drudged up self-talks I promised myself I would never listen to again.
Can you relate? You know the ones? Self-talk that convinces us to grab a shovel, dig a hole, and bury ourselves with lies. Lies validating our insecurities and incompetence. Lies convincing us failure will always be our companion.
In those four days, I found myself engaged in a different kind of test.
A heart test … the kind God gives.
"The refining pot is for silver, and the furnace for gold, but the LORD test hearts." (Proverbs 17:3)
Silver and gold are refined through a purification process extracting impurities, which are then scraped away. The process is repeated until what is left shines in its purest form.
When God test hearts, impurities are exposed, as well.
Such as:
- Control
- Motives
- Perfectionism
- Lust
- Codependency
- Idols
- Covetousness
- Comparison
- Jealousy
Why does God test hearts?
- To purify us that we might walk in His ways.
- God tested Abraham with his son Isaac. (Genesis 22:1)
- God left King Hezekiah alone only to test him, that He might know all that was in his heart. (2 Chronicles 32:31)
- God tested the Israelite's as they wandered in the wilderness for 40 years. (Deuteronomy 8:2)
- "You have today declared the Lord to be your God, and that you would walk in His ways and keep His statutes, His commandments, and His ordinances, and listen to His voice. " (Deuteronomy 26:17)
- To teach us to love Him with all of our heart.
"…You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and all your soul, and with all your mind." (Matthew 22:37)
- To shape us to the image of Christ.
"And we know that God causes all things to work together for good to those who love God, to those who are called according to His For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son… (Romans 8:28-29)
- To prepare us to be light in a dark world.
To quote Lysa Terkeurst, "God often meets with us in the quiet darkness of adversity just before taking us out into the light. He must strengthen the light in us before the spotlight is placed on us."
You may not believe what I am about to share with you, but it really happened. On the fourth day, I received a second phone call from my instructor. With an electric excitement, he explained that there was a printing error on my exam and I had actually passed!
I told you that it's hard to believe! 🙂
All of the anxiety, negative self-talk, confusion… was not wasted. God tested my heart and exposed what did not belong.
He loves us too much to leave our hearts tainted with impurities. The pressures and afflictions of life not only expose the hidden crevices, they strengthen our walk with God, and allow us the opportunity to be light in a dark world.
Can you remember the last time you were tested by God?
Did it purify your walk with Him?
Did God teach you to love Him with all of your heart?
Did God reshape you to reflect His image?
Let's put down the shovel and not bury ourselves in lies any longer. Let's allow God to use our trials to refine us … becoming the people He designed us to be.


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Milkman Grooming Co
Beard Oil - Citrus Supernova
- Botanical Oils
- Moisturises + Softens
- Shines + Rejuvenates
- Fresh Citrus Scent
- Reduces Itch
What's the point of having a beard if it is dry, itchy, brittle or irritating? A beard is something that should be enjoyed, & there is nothing more enjoyable than stroking a soft luscious beard. This complex formulation of botanical oils by Milkman Grooming Co will impregnate & coat your hair to seal in moisture & make it soft like a feather. Not only will this keep it feeling good, it will also be itch-free, tangle free & easier to style.Read more...
- Use the dropper to dispense a small amount of the oil into your hand
- Comb through with a beard comb. Add more as required, a little goes a long way.
- This product should be used daily, ideally after a shower to help seal in the hair's hydration.
Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed Oil, Cathamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Seed Oil, Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil, Simmondsia Chinesis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil, Argania Spinosa Kernel (Argan) Oil, Cannabis Sativa (Hemp) Seed Oil, Camellia Sinensis Leaf (Cammelia) Oil, D-alpha-Tocopherol (Vitamin E), Glycine Soja Oil & a variety of essential & fragrant oils


text: This page is restricted to members of Norwegian Maritime Exporters. If you are a member and this is your first time logging in, please register below. You will then receive a confirmation from us! Existing Users Log InUsernamePassword Remember Me Forgot password? Click here to resetNew User RegistrationChoose a Username*Email*Password**Required field


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The Lignocellulosic Biorefinery Network (LBNet) is a Phase I Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Network in Industrial Biotechnology and Bioenergy (BBSRC NIBB). LBNet is an active community of industrial practitioners and leading academics dedicated to creating economic value by developing novel chemicals, materials and fuel using lignocellulosic biomass instead of petroleum-derived inputs. LBNet provides both access to a range of funding to kick-start innovation in the sector, and organises events.
LBNet provides access to a range of funding to kick-start innovation in the sector, and organises collaborative events:
- £10,000 in "Business Interaction Vouchers" to encourage initial collaborations between industry and academia
- Up to £50,000 in project initiation funding to help identify and scope commercial and scientific challenges
- A programme of consortium-building events to facilitate access to external funds such as the "Industrial Biotechnology Catalyst" call and "Horizon 2020"
Joining LBNet can get world-class researchers working to make your business more sustainable and competitive.


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Spectators are encouraged to also come to the "Victory" Party at Mountain Town Station, beginning at 10 a.m., just a quick jump from the finish line. Spectators will have a chance to watch the race unfold from the racer's perspective through web cams and cheer on the racers as they bask in the glory of completing the first ever Freaking Freezing Challenge.
Want to watch racers run by? Mountain Town Station will have their outdoor patio opened especially for the event so you can get a first-hand look as racers rush by as you stay warm and enjoy a local craft brew.
A few other spectator spots:
1. Why not cheer on the runners as they begin the challenge right at Island Park? We will be hosting a bonfire so you can watch as racers carry, run, and jump through a few obstacles as you stay warm by the fire.
2. Mill Pond at Adams Street - This area will be the half-way point of the race and we have created quite a challenge, with easy parking right at the park, you're bound to be inspired by the racers.
3. The finish line at City Hall. As racers run down Broadway they will come to the last "top secret" obstacle next to City Hall in Downtown. You can be the first to applaud all those brave enough to take on the challenge as they cross the finish line and head over to the Victory Party.
Please check back shortly for a spectator map!
To register by mail:
Click Here to download
a printable pdf.
Fax to:
Mail to:
Adrenaline Sports
c/o Freakin' Freezing
345 N Eric Dr
Palatine, IL 60067
To contact Adrenaline
Sports Management
e-mail us at:
or call us at


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Open Monday to Friday 8:30 - 4:30
In Cobourg, we are all about shopping local. If you operate a business in Cobourg and don't already have a business profile, let us know and we'll provide you with details on how to create and manage your profile. This will allow you to perform updates at any time, add your logo and advertise your in-store promotions.
If You Have A Question Regarding the Business Directory
Contact the administrator at firstname.lastname@example.com or 905-372-5481 ext. 303.
Full service pharmacy with a Diabetic Educator on-site and Certified Geriatric Pharmacist. Counseling is also available.


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Lame (kitchen tool)
A lame (/lɑːm, læm/) is a double-sided blade that is used to slash the tops of bread loaves in artisan baking. A lame is used to score (also called slashing or docking) bread just before the bread is placed in the oven. Often the blade's cutting edge will be slightly concave-shaped, which allows users to cut flaps (called shag) considerably thinner than would be possible with a traditional straight razor.
A slash on the loaf's surface allows the dough to properly expand in the oven without tearing the skin or crust and also allows moisture to escape from the loaf. It also releases some of the gas, mainly carbon dioxide, that is trapped inside the dough. Proper scoring also allows the baker to control exactly where the loaf will open or bloom. This significantly improves the appearance of baked breads. Scoring, finally, creates varieties in forms and appearance. It brings out the bread baker's artistic talent, allowing a unique signature.
- Jeffrey Hamelman (2004). Bread: A Baker's Book of Techniques and Recipes, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 978-0-471-16857-7
- REINHART, P. (1998). Crust & Crumb: Master Formulas for Serious Bread Bakers, Ten Speed Press
|This article about kitchenware or a tool used in preparation or serving of food is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
|This bread-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


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Project 52 Week 1,2,3 & 4
Project 52 is an attempt to capture life in a couple shots once a week. I learned about this from my friend Melinda over at Look What Mom Found and Dad Too (catch up on Melinda's Project 52 since she gave me the idea!) Yes, I know it is week 4 of 2011...but I guess it's better later than never, right? LOL !!! So here are a few pics from weeks 1-4, come back next week to see what we are up to in week 5 !
|Bryce's 4th Birthday Party on New Years day !
|Proud to be 4 !!
|Tyler's ROTC awards night !!!
|Just Chill'in


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There are schools offering nurse anesthetist programs in Arkansas!
Schools Offering Nurse Antesthesiology Programs in Arkansas
Nearby States
Each year, in the range of 0.1% of Arkansas graduates, graduate from Nurse Anesthetist degree programs.
The only accredited Nurse Anesthetist school in Arkansas is Arkansas State University-Main Campus. Arkansas State University-Main Campus, which was ranked 42nd in the country in 2010, is located in Jonesboro. Approximately 46 students graduated from Nurse Anesthetist programs at Arkansas State University-Main Campus, in 2010.
Arkansas State University-Main Campus charged in-state students taking Nurse Anesthetist courses, $6,640 in tuition fees per year.
A Nurse Anesthetist degree from an Arkansas school... what next?
Most people who graduate from Nurse Anesthetist school in Arkansas go on to work as a nurse anesthetist. In Arkansas, the largest numbers of nurse anesthetists work in the following counties:
On average, a nurse anesthetist earns a salary of $0 per year in Arkansas state. However, this number is only an average. nurse anesthetists in Arkansas had varying salaries from $44,150 to $74,620 per year in 2010. On average a nurse anesthetist earns the most in the following Arkansas counties:
On average nurse anesthetists earns the least in the following Arkansas counties:
More Information
Take a look at the graphs and charts below for additional nurse antesthesiology statistics regarding a career in Nurse Anesthetist and to compare salaries with a variety of related fields such as nurse practitioning or MSN.
Here are the different levels of study available for you to explore.
- Master's Degree in Nurse Antesthesiology in Arkansas
Want to study at your own time and pace?
Consider Online Schools as a great alternative flexible option to earn a degree!View Online Schools
Featured Online Schools
Kaplan University
Narrow Your Results
Curious what studying Nurse Anesthetist gets you?
Check out the different options and how they're looking in Arkansas
|Employment Number
|Avg Salary
|Job Growth (past 5 yrs)
|Health Diagnosing and Treating Practitioners, All Other
Got your degree? Time to find a job!
Below are nurse anesthetist related jobs in Arkansas


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long refers to time and little refers to what's done. . . if blog-space is a place to indicate or reflect what's done or being done by one in a period of time, then here's the truth - for so long its only so little.
all that's been done, sometimes cannot be judged by the visible evidence, for at times you cannot show it. It takes just a little longer even if what's done is so little . . .sometimes its just worth the wait. . . like we wait for another day to dawn, to be lived.
We don't wait or live in the hope of dying tomorrow. Do we? Am I being too optimistic in believing that there are others like me who believe there's hope of tomorrow? I live in the hope of living tomorrow, for I cannot live life like its my last day. I for one, cannot imagine myself living every passing day like its my last day. I for one, cannot live a hopeless life. I for one cannot live in hopelessness. . . and so, in the hope of all the tomorrows to come - so long from now there will be so much. . . . DONE!!!!


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Ryan Horton: Down 25 Pounds And Feeling Great After Personal Training
I came to MJ Fitness with two goals. 1.) Look good at the pool. 2.) Get to the point of working out 5 days a week on my own. At 33 I look and feel better than I ever have. MJ Fitness has changed my lifestyle completely.


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Dr. Amjad Moiffak Moreden - Orthopedic Surgeon
Department: Orthopaedics
Specialties: Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Medicine and Pain Management
Interests: Sports injuries, Knee injuries, Arthroplasty, Back injuries
Education and Fellowships:
- Trauma and Orthopaedic higher surgical training, Amman University Hospital, Jordan
- R&T Board, Damascus, Syria
- Fellowship trained in Sports Medicine & Knee Surgery & Arthroscopy ISAKOS (USA)
Professional Experience:
- Nine years experience working with UT Southwestern Medical Center & Parkland Hospital, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Four years experience working with University Hospital System, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Published numerous studies in well renowned medical journals
- Member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery, AAOS
- Trauma: fractures, dislocations, sprains
- Treatment of diseases and surgeries of bones, joints, menisci and ligaments
- Arthroscopy, meniscal tears repair and ACL reconstruction, retinacular release, synovectomy
- Back pain management
- Management of acute bony and soft tissue injuries of the hand and wrist and management of elective hand surgeries such as carpal tunnel release and trigger finger
- Shoulder, elbow, ankle and foot injuries
- PRP injection for joints, tendons and ligaments
- Knee and hip replacement surgeries
Languages: Arabic, English, French
Orthopaedic care involves the diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of injuries and diseases of musculoskeletal system of the body. Orthopaedic treatments may include both non-surgical and surgical methods.
General Orthopaedics focuses on the management of musculoskeletal injuries including fractures, overuse injuries, sports injuries, trauma, joint problems such as arthritis and other conditions affecting the bones, joints and supporting structures. Conservative, minimally invasive and open surgical treatment options are employed as necessary. These include splinting, braces, casting or surgical fixation of fractures, joint injections, arthroscopy, ligament and tendon repairs, rotator cuff repair in the shoulder, treatment of dislocations, hand and wrist surgery for trauma as well as congenital and acquired conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, foot and ankle surgery for fractures and deformities, joint replacement, revision surgeries and pain management.
Patient Testimonials
The service provided before, during and after my ACL operation were of the highest standard. I have recommended Harley Street to all my family & friends. And a special thanks to Dr. Amjad for his help throughout the whole process.
Laith A.
From start to finish Dr. Amjad has been very thorough, explained everything in detail and provided assistance and support throughout. While still in treatment, I am very appreciative of the work of Dr. Amjad and his team.
Marina Village
Villas A18, 19, 20, 21, 22
P.O. Box: 41475
Abu Dhabi - UAE
- (02) 613 3888


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About Ray Mack
Ray is one of KMSS's four founding partners. Ray earned his Bachelor of Commerce degree from the University of British Columbia in 1973 and attained his CA designation in 1975. Ray's primary focus at KMSS is general practice, providing financial consulting for his small-business clients. Ray's distinguished career includes being the President of DFK Canada from 1995-1998, President of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Alberta from 2000-2001, and President of DFK International from 2006-2008. Recognizing Ray's significant contribution to the profession, he received his FCA designation in 2000. Ray serves on the board of a TSX Venture listed company and is currently chair of the Audit Committee. He is also a board member of Covenant Health (Catholic Hospitals of Alberta).


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Create a stunning Halloween look with our fantastic range of specialist contact lenses. Our special effect technicians bring you the very latest designs. Fitting instructions are available online for all lenses. This unqiue selection of Halloween contact lenses was selected for Halloween ideas, parties and your special effects needs, all of the eyewear in this section is suitable for all eyes as they only change the appearance of your eyes and not your vision, so if you have always fancied the thought of changing your eye color now you can with ease.
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Copyright © 2018 Demon SFX. All rights reserved | Terms and Conditions
Valid XHTML • Web Design by Globalgraphics


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Bethenny Frankel Makes New York Times Best-Sellers List (Again!)
A Place of Yes holds steady in the top 5.
Bethenny Frankel's career karma is continuing to run on full blast. After struggling at times to pay her rent, the Housewife-turned-author-turned-Skinnygirl-turned-ice skater is now living comfortably on The New York Times Best-Sellers list.
"WOW!! A Place of Yes is on the New York Times best sellers list again this week! #5!! It's all thanks to you guys! Xoxo," B tweeted. This isn't Bethenny's first trip to the coveted literary spot – her book Naturally Thin first put her there and it's been one success story after another ever since. In the past month alone, Bravo confirmed a third season of Bethenny Ever After, the fitness guru sold her Skinnygirl brand for an undisclosed amount, and she launched a shapewear line. No surprise that the main thing on this mogul's mind are rest and relaxation. She recently tweeted, "This is my last tweet for the next 2 weeks. I'm going away on a VACATION.I need it!" Amen, sister!
Keep up with Bethenny's booming career. Follow the buzz on your favorite Bravo stars with our Tweet Tracker.
The Daily Dish is your source for all things Bravo, from behind-the-scenes scoop to breaking news, exclusive interviews, photos, original videos, and, oh, so much more. Subscribe to The Daily Dish podcast, join our Facebook group, and follow us on Instagram for the latest news hot off the presses. Sign up to become a Bravo Insider and be the first to get exclusive extras.


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Material: Man Made Leather Material.
Brand: Breckelle's
Heel Height: 5.25 inches Heel, 1.5 inches platform (Approx)
Product Code: Cilo-02 Black PT PU Color
Like this shoes? Please let your friends and us know
Must have a pair of these simple, yet elegant for dresses. Soft Faux Patent PU leather tone pleated wedge. Round toe front opening, lightly padded insole for comfort. Rubber outsole for non slippery.
- Item #: Cilo-02 Black PT PU
- Manufacturer: Breckelle's
- Condition: New
Breckelle's Cilo-02 Black PT PU Color Wedge Cork Wooden Heel
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Life at O8 Headquarters
We decrease your costs, consolidate knowledge, and drive efficiency
Too many vendors leads to chaos.
We are the rare breed who delivers excellence on the entire digital marketing picture,
which we call "DIO."
Excellence All Around
Our Process: Agile, Iterative and Incremental
Our Team's Expertise
CMS, Mobile, Tech
- Drupal and WordPress
- Mobile Apps and Responsive Design
- Salesforce, Other Tech
Digital Marketing
- SEO, PPC, CRO, Analytics
- Digital and Content Strategy
- Digital Marketing Optimization
Some Technologies and Platforms We Love
Origin Eight In the News
Open Source Contributions & Community
Our team loves open source! One of the projects we contribute to most is Drupal. Find out more about us and our contributions on our Drupal.org page.
One of the conferences we sponsor every year is the Twin Cities Drupal Camp. We love being a part of the community: speaking, learning, seeing old friends, meeting new people, and contributing however we can.
Who We Are
Headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota with a Midwest work ethic, we hire the best talent independent of location, allowing us to deliver the best expertise, scale quickly, and work just as well with you remotely as we do with our local clients.
Many reputable companies with mission-critical business needs put their trust in Origin Eight. Clients come to us from other vendors who weren't sufficiently responsive, failed to follow best practices, or did not deliver a solution that drives business value. We frequently rescue websites, often from digital agencies who focus more on creative than technical, who didn't have the tech savvy, technology specialization, and infrastructure to deliver a high-quality, functional, maintainable product.
Not only do we do things right, we do things better – best practices are right only 50% of the time. For the other 50%, we back up our assumptions with extensive data, analytics, split testing, optimization concepts, persuasive psychology principles, brain-based research, and conversion tactics. It's in our DNA.
We're good, personable people who care about our clients, the quality of our solutions, and each other. We're a fun, young-hearted team who places client services at the top of everything we do.
We incorporate expertise and elegance into our infrastructure, toolset, planning, processes, and the final solutions we create together.
Your Growth, Design, Support, and Strategy Team for Hire
As your growth team, we offer a holistic digital marketing and growth acceleration solution for new and existing websites, digital marketing campaigns, or your digital strategy as a whole, so that you can save time and focus on your daily responsibilities.
As your design team, we design websites, landing pages, and ads that convert. With Origin Eight, you don't just get beautiful designs – you get workable solutions that drive business value. We are truly user-centric and customer-focused, basing our design on neuromarketing and conversion optimization research. We do user testing, pull insights from analytics, implement surveys, look at heat maps, and watch "mouse movement recordings" of people trying to use websites. In short, we test our designs to ensure that they are highly-usable and actually working the way they are intended to.
As your proactive support team, we're just as adept at digital marketing as we are at technology, so our support becomes much more powerful, proactive, and time-saving than what you may traditionally imagine when you hear the word "support."
We're strategic and proactive advocates for our clients, helping you understand where to get started on your journey towards further business growth through digital media. We integrate tightly with client teams, augmenting your staff with ours. We sometimes say that one of our greatest offerings is our clients' ability to "rent our brains", essentially making their own "mind space" bigger and better, thus making our clients better at what they do and look great to their bosses!