text: UFDC Home | Help | RSS TABLE OF CONTENTS HIDE Title Page Table of Contents Letter of transmittal Part I Preface List of the author's Siouan... Myths, stories, and letters Ponka historical texts Myths Omaha historical texts Letters dictated by Omahas and... Part II Additional myths and stories Additional letters Index Group Title: Contributions to North American ethnology Title: The Cegiha language CITATION THUMBNAILS PAGE IMAGE ZOOMABLE Full Citation STANDARD VIEW MARC VIEW Permanent Link: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00081811/00001 Material Information Title: The Cegiha language the speech of the Omaha and Ponka tribes of the Siouan linguistic family of North American Indians Series Title: Contributions to North American ethnology Physical Description: xviii, 794 p. : ; 30 cm. Language: English Creator: Dorsey, James Owen, 1848-1895La Flesche, Francis, d. 1932 Publisher: Govt. Print. Off. Place of Publication: Washington Publication Date: 1890 Subjects Subject: Dhegiha language ( lcsh )Omaha Indians -- Folklore ( lcsh )Ponca Indians -- Folklore ( lcsh )Legends -- Great Plains ( lcsh ) Genre: federal government publication ( marcgt )non-fiction ( marcgt ) Spatial Coverage: United States of America -- NebraskaUnited States of America -- KansasUnited States of America -- OklahomaUnited States of America -- South Dakota Notes Language: In English, some some stories in the Dhegiha language. Statement of Responsibility: by James Owen Dorsey. General Note: At head of title: Department of the Interior. U.S. Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region. J. W. Powell, in charge. General Note: The corrections and contributions by Frances La Flèche are especially noted by the collector. Record Information Bibliographic ID: UF00081811 Volume ID: VID00001 Source Institution: University of Florida Rights Management: All rights reserved by the source institution and holding location. Resource Identifier: oclc - 01847460lccn - 02027770 Table of Contents Title Page Title Page 1 Title Page 2 Table of Contents Page v Page vi Page vii Page viii Page ix Page x Letter of transmittal Page xi Page xii Part I Page xiii Page xiv Preface Page xv Page xvi List of the author's Siouan publications Page xvii Page xviii Myths, stories, and letters Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Ponka historical texts Page 368 Page 369 Page 370 Page 371 Page 372 Page 373 Page 374 Page 375 Page 376 Page 377 Page 378 Page 379 Page 380 Page 381 Page 382 Page 383 Myths Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 Page 21 Page 22 Page 23 Page 24 Page 25 Page 26 Page 27 Page 28 Page 29 Page 30 Page 31 Page 32 Page 33 Page 34 Page 35 Page 36 Page 37 Page 38 Page 39 Page 40 Page 41 Page 42 Page 43 Page 44 Page 45 Page 46 Page 47 Page 48 Page 49 Page 50 Page 51 Page 52 Page 53 Page 54 Page 55 Page 56 Page 57 Page 58 Page 59 Page 60 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Page 519 Page 520 Page 521 Page 522 Page 523 Page 524 Page 525 Page 526 Page 527 Page 528 Page 529 Page 530 Page 531 Page 532 Page 533 Page 534 Page 535 Page 536 Page 537 Page 538 Page 539 Page 540 Page 541 Page 542 Page 543 Page 544 Page 545 Page 546 Part II Page 547 Page 548 Additional myths and stories Page 549 Page 550 Page 551 Page 552 Page 553 Page 554 Page 555 Page 556 Page 557 Page 558 Page 559 Page 560 Page 561 Page 562 Page 563 Page 564 Page 565 Page 566 Page 567 Page 568 Page 569 Page 570 Page 571 Page 572 Page 573 Page 574 Page 575 Page 576 Page 577 Page 578 Page 579 Page 580 Page 581 Page 582 Page 583 Page 584 Page 585 Page 586 Page 587 Page 588 Page 589 Page 590 Page 591 Page 592 Page 593 Page 594 Page 595 Page 596 Page 597 Page 598 Page 599 Page 600 Page 601 Page 602 Page 603 Page 604 Page 605 Page 606 Page 607 Page 608 Page 609 Page 610 Page 611 Page 612 Page 613 Page 614 Page 615 Page 616 Page 617 Page 618 Page 619 Page 620 Page 621 Page 622 Page 623 Page 624 Page 625 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S. GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION J. W. POWELL IN CHARGE THE (EGIHA LANGU BY *. -:*A" : -... . *.. . . *,'*.': 'AMES OWEN DO: E'~. "::'. **. ** *"*'.' S* *. . ** :* . *c S WASHINGTON gOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, 1890 AGE CONTENTS. PART I Page. Letter of transmittal................................................................. xi Preface.................................-- --------................... ......................... xv List of the author's Siouan publications ....................- .................................. xvii MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. Introduction to the Texts....................-..........................-..................... 1 Authorities..................-------------------- ------ --- ------------------................ List of sounds in the (egiha Language ....................... ................................ 4 Abbreviations ........................................................ ........................ 7 MYTHS. How the Rabbit killed the male Winter ....................................... ................ 9 How the Rabbit caught the Sun in a trap .....................--............... ........... .... 13 How the Rabbit killed the Black bears. First version.... 7 .................. ................ 15 Second version ................ .-........-........-... 20 How the Rabbit killed a Giant......................................................-- .......... 22 How the Rabbit went to the Sun.-................... ......-...............-- ........ .......... 525 'How the Rabbit killed the Devouring Hill ............................ ........................ 32 How the Rabbit cured his wound .......--...................-.....................-- ........ 335 The Rabbit and Ictinike ..................................................................... 3 8 The Rabbit and the Grizzly bear ................................................. ............ 43 The young Rabbit and Ictinike ............................................................... 50 SiQemakan's adventure as a deer ..---.............--.......-.. .-.....-----------------.......... 57 Ictinike, the Turkeys, Turtle, and Elk ..................................................... 60 Ictinike and the Elk.......--....---..----..---- ----.--........-.-----..- ..........--.........- 70 Ictinike and the Buzzard ..................................- ...-............ ----... -......- ... 74 Ictinike, the Brothers, and Sister ............................................................. 79 Ictinike and the Deserted Children ........................................................- 83 Ictinike, the Coyote, and the Colt...... ......... ................................-............ 96 The Puma and the Coyote .................................................................... 99 The Coyote and the Buffaloes ................................................................. 102 Wahan4icige's adventure as a rabbit .....................................-------................. 107 Wahan icige and Wakandagi. First version .............................. .................... 108 Second version ................................................ 116 Wahanficige and the Buffalo-woman. First version........................................... 131 Second version ......................................... 140 Third version.......................................... 142 The Corn-woman and the Buffalo-woman ..................................................... 147 The adventures of Hinqpe-agee .........................................- ...... .............. 162 The Chiefs son and the Thunders ............................................................ 176 The Chiefs son, the Snake-woman, and the Thunders.......................................... 189 Two-Faces and the Twin Brothers ............................................................ 207 V vl CONTENTS. Page. The Brothers, the Sister, and the Red bird..................................................... 219 The adventures of Haxige. First version .................................... ............... 226 Second version .................................................... 244 How the Big Turtle went on the war-path..................................................... 254 The Man and the Snake-man ..................................... .......................... 277 The Bear-girl........ .................. .............. .... ... ..................... ... 287 The adventures of the Badger's son ........................................ ................. 294 Adventures of the Puma, the adopted son of a man .........................................-. 303 The Raccoons and the Crabs. First version .................................................. 310 Second version ---.....-.....-..---....--....................... 313 The Warriors who were changed to snakes ...............................-................. 317 The Warriors and the Three Snakes.....----...... : ........................................... 324 The Sun and the Moon.......................................................................... 328 The Suitor and his Friends--..---. ......... .................................................. 329 The Orphan: a Pawnee legend .................. ..... .......... ...... ... ............... 334 The Youth and the Underground People ....................................... ........... .. 345 A Yankton Legend ....-.... ...........-----------........................ ............... --355 The Lament of the Fawn over its mother............................ ..... ........... ...... 358 A Ponka ghost story...................................................................... 359 A Dakota ghost story .........-----.......................................................... 360 The adventure of an Omaha...--...................................... ...................... 361 The Dakota who was scared to death by a ghost ..................- ......- .................... 362 The hands of the dead Pawnee ............ ....................................... ............ 363 How the ChiefPs son was taken back .......................................................... 367 PONKA HISTORICAL TEXTS. The war-party of Nudan-axa's father ..........................-............................. 368 Nuda-axa's account of his first war-party ..................................................... 372 The defeat of the Pawnees by the Ponkas in 1855 ............................................ 377 OMAHA HISTORICAL TEXTS. History of Icibaji ............................................................................. 384 The story of Wabaskaha ..............................-......-............................... 393 The first battle between the Omahas and the Ponkas (two versions)............................ 399 Battle between the Omahas and the Pawnee Loups..........-- .........--.................... 402 The second fight with the Ponkas ............................................................. 405 Battle between the Omahas and the Dakotas-..........................---..................... 406 How the Dakotas fought the Pawnees ....................... ........................... ..... 409 How Joseph La Flche lost his goods .................. .....................-................. 415 Battle between the Dakotas and the Omahas in 1847 .......................................... 418 Fight between the Omahas and Dakotas (two versions)---....----.............................. 425 How Mawada"Oin went alone on the war-path...................................-.......... 432 cIain-nanpaji's War-party in 1853............................ ............................... 434 Two Crows' War-party in 1854 ..................................... ...----- ..... .... ....... .. 452 Battle between the Omahas and Dakotas in 1855 .............................................. 462 My first buffalo hunt. By Frank La Flche.................................................... 466 Sacred Traditions and Customs .............................. ................................. 468 LETTERS DICTATED BY OMAHAS AND PONKAS. cahe-jap'6 to Cude-gaxe and Mantcu-waoihi ................................. ................ 475 Haxe-oanba to Manteu-waoihi ............-.....- ............................................. 475 Jabe-skf to Wahe'ae .................. ................... ............................. ....... 476 Jabe-ski to Waqa-najin..... ...... .............. ...................... ....................... 477 Namamana to Ma tcu-watihi ............................ ..................................... 477 CONTENTS. vii Page. Uhan-jifiga to Gacudi4a=.................................................................... 478 Kicke to Mantcnu-afiga .............................................. ........................ 478 Mantcu-nanba to Agitcita-.................................................................... 479 Mantcu-nanba to Ws'a-lafiga ....................-...... ........ ............................ 479 [izi- ifge to Minxa-ski, Qugahunajin, and Qifa-ska .......................................... 480 cahe-jap't to Qi a-sk- .................. ..................................................... 480 xe-baha to Ws'a-afiga ........ ........................... ............................ 481 Si-qan-qega to Edaana (Antoine Roy) ......................................................... 482 Wajin-skA to Mantca-wa ihi and Anpan-lafga ..... ........................................... 483 Cantan-jifiga to Mantcu-wa ihi.................... .................. .......................... 484 Maqpiya-qaga to Mantou-najin ................................................................ 485 Joseph La Flbche to his brother Frank ............ ............................................ 47 -Gabige to Qifa-skg and jenuga-najn. .............. ............................................ 489 Cafige-sk t to Qi a-ska -........---............................................................. 4490 Wanacekit)abi to Wajina-gahiga .-----.------. -----------....... --..----...-......--......... 491 Duba-ma"'in to jande-naf8quge (Macdonald)--.........------......---- ...............---.......... 492 Mactin-'ansa to Na'anbi .-------.... -------......- ...... ......... ...... ..................... 494 Mafigitiqta to Jahe-ag i ..... ............................ .. ...................... .. ........ 495 Ictaabi to Acawage.....-.. ------........---- ...-- ..........----.....---..- .............. .. 495 Gahige to Acawage ..-..............-- ...--- .------------------------ ..............----- .. 496 Maqpiya-qaga to Matc-naji ..--....---..........---.........----- --------....... ............... 497 Maqpiya-qaga to Mantou-naji- ..................... .............. -.......................... 498 Watan-naji= to Cage-skA ...................................... ..- ....................... 499 Watan -najin to Jifiga-nudan. ..........-.........-...-........................................ 500 Maqpiya-qaga to Ceki ..............................................----.. ................. 501 Cafige-skt to Matou-waiihi .................. ..--..........................--...---.......... 502 Wajia-gahiga to Matcu-afiga .............................. ---.................-------..---....... 504 Jabe-ska to Gahige-jinga, Waqa-najin, and Acawage..... ................ .................. 505 Jide-tan to Acawage ......................................................................... 506 je-un[anha to Mantcu si-afiga-...-...-.........................................-............... 507 Duba-manoin to jgande nafi3uge (Macdonald) ................................................. 508 ain-nanpaji to jaa faiga-naji ...........-- ...................... ........................... .. 510 IctaQabi to Manteu-wafihi and Acawage ..................................................... 511 Waqpeca to Cahiea- .... .............................................................. ...... 512 Wanita-waqe to Gahige .........--.....................-------------------------------..................... 512 He-wanjioa to Gahige-wadafifige................................................................ 514 Ja(tin-nanpajI to jaqafiga-najijifga ------.....--.......................................--....... 515 Jai--nanpajI to his son, Nindahan ............................................................. 516 He-wanjica to Heqaga-najin..... .................................................. 517 Cude-gaxe to Ws'I-lafiga...-...............................--............-----........--...... 518 Cafige-hin-zi to W6s'a-tafiga .................-- ..----..-.....- ..........--..------------------ 519 Duba-manoin to ,enuga-nikagahi (Macdonald) ................................................ 521 Jaaiu-nanpaji to lalafiga-najin-jifiga.......................................................... 522 Hnpe;a to Ceki..............................------------------------------------...............------------..----.---...------...--------.. 523 Appendix to Ceki................. ................... ................................ ............ 525 Appendix ..............-.....................--------------------------------------------- 525 PART II. ADDITIONAL MrYTIIS, STORIES, AlNTD LETTERS. Ictinike and the Chipmunk......................--------------- --------......------....------ 549 Ictinike and the Four Creators---..---..--......---....----..----- ----------------- ------------ 552 Ictinike, the Women, and Child .........................----.----.-------------.------------.. 559 Ictinike and the Turtle.......--- .--- .....--- --- ---- ---.------ ---------------------------.. 563 The Coyote and the Snake. First version.......................-- -----....------....------------ 566 Second version...............................-..-- .....-- ..-----. 568 Vili CONTENTS. Page. The Coyote and the Gray Fox ................................................................ 570 ow the Rabbit lost his fat...............----...........------....--..------......----....... 571 How the Rabbit killed a Giant. Second version .....--- ............--.................-...... 573 The Rabbit and the Turkeys--..----..... .............--- ......---...........--- .....--------... 577 The Bird Chief ........................... .... .............- ... ... ... ....--- ......... 580 The Buffalo and the Grizzly Bear ................ ................... ........................ 582 Adventures of the Orphan .................................. ......... ...........-.......... 586 Legend of Ukiabi .....-......... .... ................................. ................... 609 Ukiabi the suitor: a Ponka legend ................ .................---------...............---... 613 Dakota story ................. .............. .. -..-...........---. --. ..- .........--..... 618 Yankton story ................................. ................-...-... ..... ...... 624 - Address to young men ....................... .. ................................ ........ 628 ADDITIONAL LETTERS. jnenuga-najin to his friend, Gray Hat.-........................................................ 629 Heqaga-sab6 and jLaanfga-najin to Betsy Dick.........-....................................... 633 Heqaga-sab6 to Kucaca..........-.................--............--.......................... -635 Heqaga-sabe to Ceki... -........--- ..- .-----........-......... -----. -- ----.............- 6,35 Heqaga-sab to Dr. Potter ....-...--......... ............-------- ..------..----...........- 636 Feqaga-sabt to Kucaca.--............--....-- ......---- .. -------------- ............--..... 637 Uhafige-jan to Hiram Chase.---............-..................-------------- .......---......- 638 Uhafge-jan to Mantcu-naji"l............................................. ...........-....... 638 Heqaga-sabB and others to an Omaha ...........................--.....----.---............... 639 Uhange.jan to Cange-sk --------......... ...... .-..--....-.--.- .......--.-- .---- .......--.. 640 Uhafige-jat to C. P. Birkett .....--- .....-....---------- ..................... ..........-..... 641 Frank La Flche, sr., to his daughter Susanne .----------.................. -.............--.. 642 Waqpeca to Mr. Provost..-.......-...-- .. .--- ......----........-....... -----.......----- .. 643 Maqpiya-qaga to Ca-ku-nu fa-ki-ta-we ..................-..........................-......... 644 Two Crows to the Winnebago Agent..........................................------------.............. 647 Cafge-skA to Wiru3ran-nie ...........--....... ..--- ------ -------------.------.............. -648 Maqpiya-qaga and others to Wiru3jra-nine .............................. ..................... 649 Mantcu-nanba to Wiyakoi ........................--- --- ---------.. -------.------ .... --- 650 Mactin-an"sa to jenuga-waji-----.....-----------... .....-.....---------.. --.......-...-........ 651 Mantcu-nanba to Pawnee Joe.................................................................. 652 Spafford Woodhull to John Heron .--...........-- .... ....-------.----------.................. 655 Waqpeca to Tatanka-mani ................... ................................. ............. 656 Gahige to Wiyakoi ......................-............ ...--..---..---------. ------- ...... 657 Mantcu-nanba to Heqaka-mani and Tatanka-inyaike ............................-...--.. ..... 659 Waqpeca to Tatanka-mani .-..................--- -.. .-..------ -----------.- .............. 661 Ictatabi to Heqaga-sab ..................................................................... 662 Lion to Battiste Deroin, and the Oto cliefs..............-----------------............------------.....--........ 663 Ckajoe-yine to Battiste Deroin ............................... ........ ........ .... --- 664 Maqpiya-qaga to Ca-ku-*u ta-ki-ta-we ......................-- -- ------... ...................---.. 665 Mantcu-nanba to Battiste Deroin -...-................................ ...................-..... 667 Ki-wi-gu-ti-dja-#i-ci to Ci-,e-fi-ta-we........-.....---.......................................... 668 Mantou-nanba to Heqaka-mani and Tatafika-inyafike .......................................... 669 Lion to Battiste Deroin and the Oto chiefs .................................................... 670 Mattcu-nanba to Battiste Deroin and the Oto chiefs...-....-..- .........-..-..................... 672 Jabe-skA to Gactagabi.............. ........................................................ .. 673 jafiga-gaxe to Icta-man5e ....-................................-....................--...... .. 673 Duba-man in to Heqaga-sab ...--.........- ..............-........ ..----. ......---........... 676 Joseph La Fbeche to A. B. Meacham ......-..-...----...............-....................---.. 677 je-u3nanha to A. B. Meacham ...-..-.................--............................-.......... 682 Hnpea to A. B. Meacham ............... ...................................... .............. 683 Mawadanin to A. B. Meacham ................................................................ 684 CONTENTS. ix Page. Jain.-nanpajI to the Pawnee agent............................................................ 685 Hupeea to (Pi-qki-da-wi 6ecaus .............................................................. 686 Tanwan-gaxe-jifga to Heqaka-mani and Icta-janjan............................................ 687 Ta wan-gaxe-jifga to Mingabu ..............-.. .......- ......- -...--......-..-- ........--.... 688 Mantcu-nanba to Panyi-naqpaoi .................................. .......................... 689 Ictaeabi to Heqaga-sab6, Macan, and Mawatanna.............................................. 690 Le-min-wa'u to Mary Napeca ................---- ...... .......... ........... ........... ........ 690 Louis Sanssouci to Hangacenu.............. ...............................- ................ 691 Cantan-jiBga to T. L. Gillingham ............................................... ............. 693 ain-nanpajI to Nindahan ...--..--..---......--.........................-.................... ... 695 Mantcu-nanba to Wiyakoin...............................................................-..... 696 anga-gaxe to Icta-man6e ...............................................................-...... 698 jenuga-wajin to WajinskA, an Oto ......................................-....---.............. 700 Mantcu-nanba to Wiyakoi"....-...... ........................................................ 701 Caige-ska to Battiste, the Pawnee interpreter ................................................ 704 Wajinga-sabd to Battiste Deroin and Ke Iere5e ................................................ 705 Unajinska to Gahige ..................................................... .................... 705 Unajin-skt to Wes'a-tafga.................................................................... 707 Lion to Battiste Deroin ................ ...................................................... 710 Ja4in-nanpaji to Heqaka-mani, Icta-janjan, and Pte-wakan-inajin............................... 713 Mantcu-nanba to Mato-maza .................................................................. 714 Louis Sanssouci to William Parry............................................................. 715 Ictababi to Ci5u[iqowe ................................... .................................... 716 Tanwan-gaxe-itiga to A. B. Meacham ......................................................... 717 Minxa-skg to Maza-nap'in .................................................................... 719 Cafige-ska to Wiyakoin ....................................................................... 720 Mantcu-nanba to Wiyakoi .................................................................... 721 Cude-gaxe to Louis Roy and Mantcu-inc'age. .................................................. 722 Edward Esau to Joseph Esau................................................................. 723 cJain-nanpaji to Nindaha"n .................. ..........................-....................... 724 Mantcu-nanba to Ictaaabi..-................................................................... 725 Richard Rush to Unajin-ski ................................................................... 725 Jain"-nanpaji to Mintce-qanoe ................................................................ 726 Hupeia to Inspector J. H. Hammond ......................................................... 727 jaain-nanpajI to Inspector Hammond ......................................................... 728 Mazi-kide to Inspector Hammond ............................................................. 728 Waqpeca to Unajin-ska ....................................................................... 729 Mantcu-nanba to Wiyakoin............-....................................................... 730 dafin-nanpajI to Mintce-qalnoe ................................................................ 732 Tanwan-gaxe-jifga to Mawatanna ........ ..... .............................................. 733 Hupeta to A. B. Meacham ..................................................................... 734 John Springer to John Primeau......................................... ..................... 737 Anpan-aniga and others to Inspector J. H. Hammond .......................................... 738 Man'e-gahi to Louis Roy ........................... ........................................ 739 Two Crows and others to Joseph La Fleche ............................-..-.................. 740 Fred. Merrick to G. W. Clother............................................................ ... 741 Homna to Heqaka-mani, Icta-janjap, and Manatceba........................................... 742 Nanzandaji to James O'Kane................ ........... ..................................... 744 Waqpeca to Unajin-skA .................................................................. .... 745 John Primeau to Rev. A. L. Riggs ...................................................... ...... 746 Mantcu-nanba to Unaji"-ska................................................................... 747 To Inspector J. H. Hammond, from several Omahas ........................................... 750 Waqpeca to Unaji"-skk ....................................................................... 755 To the Cincinnati Commercial, from several Omahas .......................................... 755 je-je-bale to Rev. A. L. Riggs................................................................ 762 X CONTENTS. Page. Nnda=-axa to Rev. A. L. Riggs................................................................ 763 Le-je-baee to Wajin ga-da ..................................................................... 765 Manton-datin to Waiiqe-qaci.................................................................. 766 Gahige to Cude-gaxe ...................-............................. ....................... 766 Waqpeca to Unajin-skg ........................................................................ 767 Nanzandajt to T. M. Messick ................................... .............................. 768 jle-je-bate to Unajin-skr ...................................................................... 769 Betsy Dick to Waiqe-qaci ....-................-.............................................-- 770 Nudan-axa to Cude-gaxe ............................. ..................................... 772 jede-gahi to Silas Wood............................................. ......... ............... 773 Min3a'6-jifga to Ke-ire6e .................................................................... 774 ,Le-u:ia"ha to UnajilskA and He-wanjia a.............-- ..................- ........ ............. 775 Nudan-axa to Miss Jocelyn .................................................................- 776 Waqpeca to Unajin-sk-....................................................................... 777 Pahafga-mainin to Silas Wood................................................................ 778 Pahafiga-maniin to Cude-gaxe ................................................................ 779 Appendix .................................................................................... 781 Index .......... .................................................................. 785 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. WASHINGTON, D. C., September 4, 1890. SIR: I have the honor to submit to you the accompanying monograph, entitled "Contributions to North American Ethnology, Vol. VI, The (egiha Language." Yours, respectfully, J. OWEN DORSEY. To Hon. J. W. POWELL, In charge of the Geological and Geographical Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region. XI THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE. PA-RT I. MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. XIII PREFACE. "The (egiha Language" as used in this volume refers to the speech of the Omaha and Ponka tribes of the Siouan linguistic family of North American Indians. The author is responsible for "( egiha," first as the name of a group in the Siouan family, and, secondly, as the name of a particular language in that group. (egiha means, "Belonging to the people of this land," or, "Those dwelling here," i. e., the aborigines or home people. When an Omaha was challenged in the dark, if on his own territory, he usually replied, "I am a (Pegiha." So might a Ponka answer under similar circumstances. A Kansas would say, "I am a Yegaha," of which the Osage equivalent is, <'I am a (eyiiha." These answer to the Oto "joiwere" and the Iowa "jodyiwdre." The (egiha linguistic group may be divided as follows: Languages. Tribes. Dialects. 1. gih ............... Omaha........ Omaha (Uman'ha,). SPonka ........ Ponka (Pai'ka). 2. Yegaha................. Kansa......... None found. 3. (eqgha................ Osage......... Five or more. 4. Name not yet gained.... Kwapa........ Uncertain. The material in this volume consists of myths, stories, and letters epistless) obtained from the Ponkas, to whom the author was missionary from 1871 to 1873, and from the Omahas, with whom he resided from 1878 to 1880. The letters in Part I are those sent to the Ponka reservation in the Indian Territory. T r PREFACE. After his return to Washington in 1880, the author arranged for several Indians of the Omaha and Ponka tribes to visit Washington for'the purpose of aiding him in the revision of his work. From these Indians and Mr. Frank La Fleche (see page 525) he gained additional myths and stories, which, with numerous letters recorded chiefly at the Omaha Agency, form Part II. It has been decided to publish the remaining letters in a bulletin of the Bureau of Ethnology, under the title of "Omaha and Ponka Letters." This bulletin, with the present monograph and the publications named on pp. xvii and xviii, will contain all the (egiha texts, phrases, and sentences collected by the author. The texts will be followed by a (egiha-English dictionary, an English- (egiha dictionary, and a grammar. Up to July, 1885, over 16,000 (egiha- English entries for the dictionary were arranged on slips in alphabetical order after they had been transliterated into the present alphabet of the Bureau of Ethnology. It was decided in 1882 that the present volume, the dictionaries, and grammar should be published together. But in -November, 1889, another conclusion was reached by the Director, resulting in the author's devoting most of his time to the preparation of the additional texts which form Part II. It will require at least one year, if not longer, for the completion of the (egiha-English dictionary. In the final revision of the slips for that dictionary there will be many references to words and phrases in the texts by page and line. The English-(egiha dictionary and the grammar must be deferred for a few years. In translating personal names the author has proceeded according to the following rules: In compound names, such as Wajinga-sab6 (bird black), capitalize each part as far as possible, thus: "Black Bird." In names which can not be resolved into two or more primitives use but one capital, as Maingiqta, Blackbird; Wasab6, Black bear (not "Black Bear"); Ma"tcu, Grizzly bear (not "Grizzly Bear"). xvi LIST OF THE AUTHOR'S SIOUAN PUBLICATIONS. 1. Ponka I A B C wabgru. | Missionary Jurisdiction of Niobrara. I New York, | 1873; Pp. 1-16, sq. 160. Primer in the Ponka dialect. The alphabet used differs from the present alphabet of the Bureau of Ethnology in the following particulars: c of the primer= tc of the Bureau alphabet; of the former = 0 of the latter; q of the former = k' of the latter; r of the former=q of the latter; x of the former=c of the latter. The characters for gh, final n as in French bon, and ng as in sing are wanting. No distinction is made between the surd and its corresponding medial sound, which is known for the present as a sonant-surd." 2. The Sister and Brother: an Iowa tradition. By J. O. Dorsey. In American Antiquarian, vol. 4, pp. 286-289, Chicago, 1881-'82. 80. Contains an Iowa song, six stanzas, with free translation. 3. The Rabbit and the Grasshoppers: an Oto Myth. By Rev. J. Owen Dorsey. In Our Continent, vol. 1, p. 316, Philadelphia, 1882. Folio. 4. Omaha Sociology. By Rev. J. Owen Dorsey. In Bureau of Ethnology, Third Annual Report, pp. 205-370, Washington, 1884. 80. Contains several hundred Omaha proper names, words, and sen- tences, passim. Omaha songs, pp. 320, 322, 323, 325, 331. 5. Siouan Folk-lore and Mythologic Notes. In American Antiquarian, vol. 7, pp. 105-108, Chicago, 1884-'5. 80. 6. An Account of the War Customs of the Osages. Illustrated. In American Naturalist, vol. 18, No. 2, February, 1884, pp. 113-133. 7. Mourning and War Customs of the Kansas. By the Rev. J. Owen Dorsey. Illustrated. In the American Naturalist, July, 1885, pp. 670-680. 8. On the Comparative Phonology of Four Siouan Languages. By Rev. J. Owen Dorsey. In Smith- sonian Institution Annual Report for 1883, pp. 919-929, Washington, 1885. 80. Languages of the Siouan Family, pp. 919-920. The Siouan Alphabet, pp. 920-921. Classification of Consonants, pp. 921-923. Vocabulary of the Dakota, q(egiha (204 words of Ponka and Omaha, Kansa and Osage), joiwere, and Hotcangara, pp. 924-927. Notes, pp. 927-929. A paper read before the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Montreal, August, 1882. Separately issued as follows: 9. On the I Comparative Phonology I of Four ] Siouan Languages. [ By I Rev. J. Owen Dorsey, I of the Bureau of Ethnology. I From the Smithsonian Report for 1883. 1 Washington: I Government Print- ing Office. I 1885. Pp. 1-11. 80. (Smithsonian Catalogue No. 605.) 10. Indian Personal Names. By Rev. J. Owen Dorsey. In American Ass. Adv. Sci. Proc., vol. 34, pp. 393-399, Salem, 1886. 80. Examples from the Omaha, Ponka, Iowa, Oto, and Missouri. 11. Migrations of Siouan Tribes. With maps. By Rev. J. Owen Dorsey. In American Naturalist, vol. 20, No. 3, March, 1886, pp. 211-222. 12. Songs of the He|ucka Society. Journal of American Folk-lore, vol. 1, No. 1, April-June, 1888, pp. 65-68. 13. Ponka Stories. In same number, p. 73. 14. Abstracts of Ponka and Omaha Myths. In same number, pp. 74-78. 15. Abstracts of Omaha and Ponka Myths. In Jour. Amer. Folk-lore. vol. 1, No. 2, 1888, pp. 204- 208. 16. Omaha Songs. In same number, pp. 209-213. 17. Teton Folk-lore. American Anthropologist, vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 143-158. Extracts from a paper read before the Anthropological Society of Washington, in November, 1888. Translated from the texts recorded by George Bushotter in the Teton dialect of the Dakota. xvii VOL VI--II XV11i LIST OF THE AUTHOR'S SIOUAN PUBLICATIONS. 18. Osage Traditions. By James Owen Dorsey. In Bureau of Ethnology, Sixth Annual Report, pp. 373-397, Washington, 1888. 80. Tradition of the Tsiou wactaie gens, a fragment of 107 lines, with interlinear and free translations, pp. 381-390. Tradition of the Bald Eagle sub-gens, a fragment of 63 lines, with interlinear and free translations, pp. 390-395. 19. Teton folk-lore Notes. Extracts from a paper read before the Anthropological Society of Wash- ington. In Jour. Amer. Folk-lore, vol. 2, No. 5, April-June, 1889, pp. 133-139. Part of this paper (" Teton Folk-lore") appeared in Science. 20. Winnebago Folk-lore Notes. In Jour. Amer. Folk-lore, vol. 2, No. 5, p. 140. 21. Omaha Folk-lore Notes. In Jour. Amer. Folk-lore, vol. 2, No. 6, July-September, 1889, p. 190. 22. Camping Circles of Siouan Tribes. In Amer. Anthropologist, vol. 2, No. 2, April, 1889, pp. 175-177. 23. The Places of Gentes in Sionan Camping Circles. In Amer. Anthropologist, vol. 2, No. 4, October, 1889, pp. 375-379. 24. Ponka and Omaha Songs. In Jour. Amer. Folk-lore, vol. 2, No. 7, October-December, 1899, pp. 271-276. 25. Omaha Clothing and Personal Ornaments. By J. Owen Dorsey. In Amer. Anthropologist, vol. 3, No. 1, January, 1890, pp. 71-78. 26. Indian Personal Names. By J. Owen Dorsey. In Amer. Anthropologist, vol. 3, No. 3, July, 1890, pp. 263-268. A description of a monograph in course of preparation. It will treat of about four thousand personal names, arranged according to tribes and gentes. 27. A Study of Sionan Cults. (Nearly ready.) To appear in the Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology. Illustrated by numerous sketches colored by Indian artists. Referred to in the Amer. Anthropologist, vol. 3, No. 1, January, 1890, p. 50. THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE. BY J. OWEN DORSEY. PART I. MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. INTRODUCTION. The myths, stories, and letters in the present volume have been obtained directly from Indians. They were dictated in Qegiha, and written in that language by the collector. A brief account of each of the Indian authorities for these texts may not be considered out of place. 1. Joseph LaFl6che is a gentleman to whom I am indebted, not only for myths in (egiha and j6iwere, but also for a knowledge of the latter tongue, a collection of ethnological notes, etc. I regard him as my best authority. By birth he is a Ponka, but he has spent most of his life among the Pawnees, Otos, and Omahas. He has acquired a knowledge of several Indian languages, and he also speaks Canadian French. While Frank, his younger brother, has remained with the Ponkas, and is now reckoned as a chief in that tribe, Mr. LaFlBche has been counted as an Omaha for many years Though debarred by Indian law from member- ship in any gens, that did not prevent him receiving the highest place in the Omaha governmental system. He has some influence among the Paw- nees, and when the Yankton Dakotas wished to make peace with the former tribe, it was effected through the instrumentality of Mr. LaFlBche, 2 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. who accompanied Struck-by-the-Ree to the Pawnee village. Mr LaFl4che is the leader of the "citizens" party among the Omahas. The names of two of his children, Susette (Bright Eyes) and Frank (Wood-worker, or Carpenter), are familiar to all who have read of the Ponka case. 2. Mrs. Mary LaFlBche is of white descent on the father's side. She learned Oto by a residence among her mother's people. She was known in former years as "the beautiful Omaha girl," having been adopted by the latter tribe 3. Frank LaFlBche is the eldest surviving son of Joseph. He has a fair knowledge of English, writes a good hand, and is devoted to reading. I have had many opportunities of testing his skill as interpreter, and I did not find him wanting. He is the only Omaha who can write his native dialect. 4. Susanne LaFleche is Frank's youngest sister. She is still a child, and was not over thirteen when she gave me an abstract of a myth told her in Omaha by her Oto grandmother. 5. CAi"n-rian-pAj (He who fears not a Pawnee when he sees him) is a full-blood Omaha, who has passed middle age. He belongs to the "citi- zens" party, and is one of my best informants His articulation is rapid; but after he repeated a sentence I had no difficulty in writing it. 6. HIpefa" is a full Omaha, one who refuses to join either political party in the tribe. He has not given me much information. 7. Mantci-nan'ba (Two Grizzly Bears) is the aged ex-chief of the Hanga gens of the Omahas, which keeps the two sacred tents and regulates the buffalo hunt. He has been a medicine-man, and is the head of the old men's or chiefs' party. He was always friendly to me, and was the first Omaha to pay me a visit. Owing to his rapid articulation, common to Omaha orators, I was obliged to revise his myth, with the assistance of Mr. LaFleche, who gave me the corresponding Oto version. 8. MawAda"ei" (Mandan) is a full Omaha. He is short, and of a nerv- ous temperament (the opposite of Hupeea"), his utterance being thick at times. While he means well, his information is not equal in any respect to that given by Jafin-nanpaji. He belongs to the "citizens" party. 9. jLe-dan"ha (Sentinel Buffalo apart from the Herd) is head of a sub- INTRODUCTION TO THE TEXTS. gens of the Thunder and Reptile gens of the Omahas, being keeper of the sacred pipe of his gens. He is full of fire as a speaker; and his enjoyment of the burlesque was shown when he told me the myth of the turtle who led a war party. He declared that he had added a little to it, but only such parts as he thought were needed to make the myth complete. The songs in the myth point to an Oto derivation. je-3[a"ha is one of the "citizens" party and a good farmer. 10. Can'-ge-ska (White Horse) is head of the Wolf gens of the Omahas and a member of the chief's party. He understands the Kansas (Kaw) dialect of the (egiha as well as his own. 11. A"'pa"-jan'-ga (John Big Elk), an Omaha, is one whom I regard as a dear friend, a good example to his tribe. He is the authority for sev- eral myths and most of the Omaha historical papers The Indians call him "The man who is always thinking about the Great Spirit." He is a full Indian, a nephew of the Big Elk mentioned by Long and others. He is an adherent of the "citizens" party. 12. Id-da-6 iqaga (Dried Buffalo Skull) is head of the Singers, a sec- tion of the Black Bear subgens of the Omahas. He is half-brother to gJai"-na"-paji, but he is so far advanced in life, and his articulation is so rapid, that it was impossible to record all his words, which he would not repeat. 13. Nuda'-axa (Cried to go on the War-path) is a Ponka chief. He is head of a part of the Thunder-bird gens. I have known him since 1871, whereas I did not become acquainted with the Omahas until 1878. Nuda'- axa has furnished me with eleven myths, three historical papers, and some valuable ethnologic notes. He is a very patient man, and is deserving of sympathy and encouragement in his efforts to become self-supporting. Among the Omahas who sent letters elsewhere are Two Crows, Lion, and Duba-ma"nif. Two Crows is now a chief; he has been a leader of the young men for several years, though he is a grand-parent. He was the leader of the tribe on the hunt and war-path, and is still feared even by the chiefs' party. He says just what he thinks, going directly to the point. He is regarded as the speaker of the purest Omaha, and one has no difficulty in understanding him. 4 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. Lion is the head of the first subgens of the Deer people, and is keeper of the sacred pipe of his gens. He used to be a government chief, but was set aside at the election in 1880. The Omahas do not put much confidence in him, and he is regarded by some as a mischief-maker. Duba-ma"n'in (Four Walking) is one of the young men's party. He was elected chief in 1880, with Two Crows and five others. He was usually the first speaker when the young men had a council. LIST OF SOUNDS IN THE OEGIHA LANGUAGE. The alphabet which follows is substantially the one suggested by Maj. J. W. Powell, in the second edition of his Introduction to the Study of In- dian Languages, Chap. I. A number of sounds not used in (egiha are given because they are found in Loiwere (Oto, Iowa, and Missouri), Winnebago, and other kin- dred languages, to which occasional references are made in the explanatory notes. Therefore, the alphabet may be regarded as including all the sounds known to exist in (egiha, Loiwere, and Winnebago When any Dakota word is given, it is written first in this alphabet, then in that adopted by Mr. Riggs in his Dakota Grammar and Dictionary, published by the Smithsonian Institution in 1852. a as in father; German, haben. a+ a prolonged a; always a final sound. a" a nasalized a a"+ a prolonged nasalized a. 'a an initially exploded a. 'a" a nasalized 'a. a nearly as in what; German, man. 'a an initially exploded a, as in w&s'A, a snake. V" a nasalized a. Ii as in hat. b as in blab; French belle. Not used in j~iwere. c as sh in shall. o a medial sh, between sh and zh. Not synthetic. INTRODUCTION TO THE TEXTS. 9 as th in thin (not heard in O(egiha). Used in joiwere. 6 a medial th (not heard (egiha) Used in Loiwere. Not synthetic. as th in the, then. (See r.) d as in dread; German, das; French, de. Used in (egiha. (See r.) e as in they; German, Dehnung; French, d&. e+ a prolonged e. 'e an initially exploded e. 6 as in then; German, denn; French, sienne. g as in go; German, geben. h as in he; German, haben. i as in pique, machine; German, ihn; French, ile. i+ a prolonged i. 'i an initially exploded i. i" a nasalised i. i"+ a prolonged nasalized i. 'in a nasalized 'i. I #s in pin; German, will. In a nasalized i. j as z in azure; j in French Jacques. k as in kick; German, Kind; French, -quart. I[ a medial k (between k and g). Modified initially; not synthetic. k' an explosive k. m as in mine; German, Mutter. n as in nun; German, Nonne; French, ne. hn a modern sound used instead of cn (shn). The initial part of this sound is expelled from the nostrils, not from the mouth, and is but slightly audible. S as ng in sing, singer. In Loiwere it is often used when not followed by a k-mute. o as in note; German, Bogen; French, nos. Not used in (egiha. o+ a prolonged o. Not used in (egiha. ,'o an initially exploded o. Not used in (egiha. o" a nasalized o. Not used in Q(egiha. o0+ a prolonged nasalized o. Not used in (egiha. 6 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. 'o" a nasalized 'o. Not used in (egiha. p as in pipe; German, Puppe; French, poupe. d a medial p (between p and b). Not a synthetic sound. The modi- fication is initial. p' an explosive p. q as German ch in ich; Hebrew, kh. r as in roar; German, riihren; French, rare. Not used in (egiha; it is synthetic in Loiwere and Winnebago. a as in sauce; German, Sack; French, sauce. Corresponds to the jLoiwere 9. s a medial s (between s and z). Not synthetic; modified initially. t as in touch; German, Tag. I a medial t. Not synthetic; modified initially. t' an explosive t. u as in rule; German, du; French, doux. u+ a prolonged u. 'u an initially exploded u. u" a nasalized u; rare in (egiha, common in Loiwere. u"+ a prolonged nasalized u. 'u" a nasalized 'u; rare in (Oegiha, common in joiwere. ii as in pull, full; German, und. uii a nasalized i; rare in (egiha, common in joiwere. w as in wish; nearly as ou in French oui. x gh; or nearly as the Arabic gain. (The sonant of q.) y as in you; j in German ja. Not used in (egiha. z as z and s in zones; German, Hase; French, zele. dj as j in judge (rare). tc as ch in church, and c in Italian cielo; Spanish, achaque. to a medial tc (between tc and dj). Not synthetic; modified initially. Not used in (egiha, common in jLoiwere. te' an exploded tc. hw as wh in when; Spanish, huerta. (An interjection.) m+ a prolonged m (An interjection.) c+ a prolonged c. (An interjection.) INTRODUCTION TO THE TEXTS. ai as i in fine, aisle. ei as i in ice, twice; trice, fice. au as ow in how; German, Haus. yu as in use, feud. ui as in German, pfui. In one myth is given: "t-t-t-t-t-t." In some cases, when u is pronounced very rapidly after a or e, an o sound is heard, resembling au in the French aujourd'hui. Thus, in gaqa ugici, when thus pronounced, the au has a sound between that of ow in how and the sound of o in no; while in je-i3[a"ha both vowels are heard, being pronounced almost as if the name was le-63[aha. Every syllable ends in a vowel or diphthong, pure or nasalized. When a consonant appears at the end of a word or syllable, it is a sign of contraction. Another apparent exception is the (egiha interjection wi"h, in which the final h denotes an expulsion of the breath through the nostrils Almost every sound in this alphabet can be prolonged; but when the prolongation is merely rhetorical, it is given in the notes and omitted in the text. Prolongations in the text are usually interjections. One interjection of admiration, etc., is designated for the present by "t!". It is made by drawing the tip of the tongue backward from the upper front teeth, causing a sucking sound. The reader is requested to consult the Appendix after examining each text. Brackets mark superfluous additions to the texts, and passages which seem to be modern interpolations. Words within parentheses were omitted by the narrator, but, in most cases, they are needed to complete the sense. The following abbreviations are used in the interlinear translations:- sub subject. my. moving. ob. object. recl. reclining. st. sitting Ig. long. std. standing. pl. plural. 8 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. sing. singular, cl. classifier. F. Frank La Fleche. L. Louis Sanssouci. G. George Miller. W. Wadjepa. or Samuel Fremont. J. Joseph La Fleche. The following sounds should be added to those given on the preceding pages: '6 an initially exploded 6, as in ukit'6, foreigner, enemy. q an evanescent h, a sound heard in some Pawnee words ny as the Spanish n in canon, found in Loiwere and Kwapa words. Mr. Joseph La Fleche was alive when this introduction was stereo- typed. He died in September, 1888. Susanne La Fleche mentioned on page 2 is now a woman. She was graduated in 1886 at the Hampton Agricultural and Normal Institute, Vir- ginia. She attended the Women's Medical College at Philadelphia for two years, and returned to the Omahas in 1889. She is practicing medicine among her people, paying special attention to the diseases of women and children. 10, 18, et passim. When A"ha" means consent, read A"ha"'; but when assent is intended, read A"'ha". 228, 8. See important note on page 541. The Appendix referred to on page 7 is that of Part I, beginning on page 525. Some time after that Appendix was stereotyped additional information was obtained from Omahas visiting Washington, and also from members of the Osage, Kansa, and Kwapa tribes. Consequently the reader is requested to consult the Appendix to Part II for a few errata, etc., which refer to Part I. 368 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. TRANSLATION. Some Dakotas had camped. At length the chief's son had wandered off to hunt. Behold, when it was night, a man came back to tell the news. Calling the chief by name, he said, "In that land they have killed your son." And the chief; having gone out of doors, sent a crier at once, saying as follows: "Ye young Dakotas who have always desired to be stout-hearted, I desire to see my son this very night. Go after him for me. If you bring him back, I will give you a very swift horse, also a mule." All the Dakotas hesitated, because they feared to see the corpse. And one Dakota, who, perhaps, was stout-hearted, thought, "Let me see! I will go after it." And he went after it. Yet he did not think, "When I arrive there I shall fear to see him!" At length, when he arrived there, he was very much afraid. And still he touched it. At length, when he was carrying it back, the body was constantly falling off the horse which he made carry it. He was crying all the while, as he feared to carry it to the tents. When it fell again and again, he thought, "If I go back without it, I am afraid that they would laugh at me," so he wished to take it back. Notwithstanding it fell, he took it up and made the horse carry it. And when he reached the tents with it, the chief gave him the horse and mule. Referring to his having brought the corpse back, he said, Though the deeds of others have been difficult to perform, I have done a deed which was exceedingly difficult." PONKA HISTORICAL TEXTS. THE WAR PARTY OF NUDAN-AXA'S FATHER. TOLD BY NUDAn-AXA. IPdAdi aka nuda"' agaf to. Ga"' wa'a"'-hna" ca"'ca". Mai"' ma"ji"' My father the to war went. And he sang regularly always. Walking he walked t6 wa'a"'-hna" ca"'ca"; han' ja"' go ga"' wa'a"'-hna"i cdnujin'gai t6'di. when he sang regularly always; night he lay the so he sang regularly he was a young when. down (pl.) man 3 Eigie wadanebe ahi-biamA. Nikaci"ga sfgie wda-biamA wada"'be aggaf At length to see they arrived, they Man trail they found them, to see they went say. they say back t6. Nidanhaniga, 8gi(e, nfaci"ga d'dba ag~ai ke ha', a-biamA. Ahad! when. 0 war-chief, behold, man some have gone home- said they, they Oho! wardin a long line say. A-biama. Wackan'egafi-ga. Qub[i&f -bi i"hA, A-biama. gife nlaciga said he, they Do persevere. To make one's self be sure, said he, they At length man say. sacred say. 6 fAbfi" wena'Aqtci ihe amAma. K4, nAda"haflgA, dama a"wafi'gaqfi taf, three very close beside were passing, they Come, 0 war-chief, these let us kill them, them say. a-biam.. Ede nuda"'hanga aka uff'agai t6. Egife ha"' ama, ugAhanadAze said they, they But war-chief the was unwilling. At length night they dark say. (sub.) say, THE WAR PARTY OF NUDANAXA'S FATHER. 369 dga". Hu! hu! hu! hu! 0dxe-gay'i utin'-bi amd6 h,. cA(i ama. Na'an'-bi like. Hu! hul hu! hu! drum theyhit (not they're Pawnee the Heard it, them seen) theones (sub.). they say ega"', indAdi akA cnujin'ga jidge (ifkd 4iqi-biama. 4bhan-ga, A-biamA. having, my father the young man he with the (ob.) he aroused them, Arise, said he, they (sub.) him they say. say. Ci uifa ag f t6. Nuda"hafing, 04xe-ga3[ uti"' amA wafonai. GAqtci ama 3 And to tell they came war-chief, drum they hit the they are mani- Those who are it to him back. (sub.) fest. near g@u agif fi, A-biamA. An'ba ugan'ba tihA amA. Egine nikacinga nf k1 at that they have said he, they Day light it came again, At length person water the place comeandcamped, say. they say. (ob.) uhaf agf amAma. Ga"' wdoa-bAji Akusande AkiAggai t6. KI wi"' agf- they fol- were coming back, And they did not through they had gone home And one was com- lowedalong they say. detect them again. ing back biamA. Hau! A-biamA. T ni" At'ean'ki. taf, A-biamA. IndAdi akA wadan'be 6 they say. Ho! said they, they This one let us cause him to said they, they My father the to see say. die with us, say. (sub.) atf. Vhe kU Ackaqtci-biamA. IndAdi aka ufia agof-biamA nuda"'hanga he Path the he was very near, they say. My father the to tll came hack, they war-chief came. (ob.) (sub.) him say ifinko'a. I"didi bufga waa"`'a a4af to, an'sagf-biamA. Uq0A-biamA CAiAn to the. My father all left them he went, he was swift at run- He overtook him, Pawnee ning, they say. they say ni". j Ain in waiin' giant' a-bi egan', gaqfan' wAgikibanan'-biamA. I"didi 9 the Pawnee he who robe threw his away, having, migrating he ran back towards his (people), My father (ob.). moved they say party they say. akA uq0A-biamA. Kfde-hna"i t6, ma"' ikide t0; 'di nasiqti Ada" kidai t6. the overtook him, they He shot regu- when, arrow he shot at to every time there- he shot at him. (sub.) say. at him larly him with; wound him (') fore Gafi'ki Wacice akA 6'di ahfi t6, jan-witin kU fgaqoi-biamA. Uctd ami And Brave the there arrived when, wood to hit the he killed him with, Remainder the (sub.) with (ob.) they say. (sub.) hacfda" ahfi t6. Gan'te-jin'ga [q, iihe agoafn'kaIhan wAnasai t6 Pan'ka amA. 12 afterward they arrived. A little while when, path on both sides surrounded them, Ponka the. Egioe dA in amA a"'he bacfbe, wApin dinte Pafi'ka an'ka. Gaf'ki indadi At length Pawnee the fleeing forced a they had it may Ponka the(pl.ob.). And my father (sub.) way out, them be akA majan' an/' agoai 0an'di ca'ca" gin"'-biamA. Ga"' ina'uqtci a-i-biama. the land the they went at the continuing he sat they say. And very close be- they were com- (sub.) left hm back side him ing, they say. Wakide ganq ai ctdctewan' wAkida-bAji-hnan'i te. Anfia kan'boa an"'cti; 15 To shoot at he wished notwithstanding he shot not regularly. I live I wished heretofore; them 4gite anPan/'ai qi, dgi e t'da"0n taf, af t6 i"dAdi akA. cA in ni'acinga Akicuga behold they find me if, behold they kill will, said my father the Pawnee. men standing me (sub.). close together man"i"' 4 wakaf, nfacinga wi"Aqtci Ii'ji ga"' t'dai etiga". (6 Qu'd-rnma"i"' they that he meant, person only one if so they kill apt. This Roarine-as-he- walked him walks (CAge-ska i(Adi) dj4i"-mA Ahigiqti t'dwaAh-biamA, wasisige hdga-bajf- 18 (Hoof white his father) the Pawnees very many hekilled them, they say, brisk not a little biama. 1Egie nxacinga diuba ((cdj i" #ankAf ) C wadan'bai t6 t'dwa eqtia"'i. they say. Behold man four (Pawnee theob.) that they saw them when hereally killed them. Qu'd-manui"' ehna"' wat'606 akd, i"dadi akA ea ba; wat'6a-baji Pan'ka Quic-muia*i" lie alone slayer it was he, my father the (sub.) he, too; were not slayers Ponka VOL. VI- 24 370 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. icte ama. Gan' niacinga (Pan'ka) ddoabi"n can'ka 'da"ct6a"' .t'cwanlni remainder the. And man (Ponka) eight nine perhaps killed thou jAi" amA. Pan'ka uctd anikA cinawaoai t6 (JAgi" amA. SAta'qti-ega': Pawnee the Ponka remain- theones exterminated them, Pawnee the About five: (sub.). ing who (sub.). 3 Nackf-jan'ga, Qu'd-man"in', Le-jd-ba14 i Adi, in"ddi, ki Wactice ni"'ia Head big, Qu'e-maniin, Buffalo-Dung-in- hisfather, myfather, and Wacuce alive Heaps agoii to ha. Wafi'gioe an'ha u'60ai to, utcfje kU i[inaqe ga"' u'4eai to. came home All fleeing they scattered, thicket the hiding them- so they scattered. (oh.) selves tgasAnidau can' u ewwiflix.ai t6, Akikipai t0. Ga"' nan'ji"ctc6'qtci akf- During the next yet they assembled them- they mot each other. And barely they day selves, reached home 6 biamA, na"pdhinqtian', nua4inqtian'. they say, very hungry, altogether naked. NOTES. In 1880, Wacuce, who was -then 70 or 80 years of age, was the only survivor of those who belonged to this war-party. 368, 5. qub64lia-bi in"h (Nudanaxa), or qfibekio. -bi pin1h6 (Frank La Flhche), "Be sure to make yourselves sacred," i. e., by means of the animals that you saw in your dreams as you fasted. See ioa6l6 in the Dictionary. 369, 6. at'eaiiki4~ tai. Sanssouci gave as the corresponding joiwere, "ate'ehiikii tanyi ke." He said that "At'eafikioe tai" is equal to "T'e juangce tai, Let us die with him." He also gave another Loiwere equivalent for the whole phrase: "Tc'e nahtire tc'dhin taho, hi"tc'6 hi"rfctanwi k6, Let us kill this one moving along; we have finished dying:" i. e., "We are bound to die, so let us cause him to die with us." 369, 7. uhe kU ackaqtci-biama. The path in which the Pawnee was walking was not more than fifteen or twenty yards distant. 369, 7. indadi - ui(a agci-biama, etc. His father returned to the chief just as they made the remark about the Pawnee. When they ran towards the Pawnee, he (Nuda"-axa's father) left them all behind, as he was a swift runner. 369, 9. wagikibanan-biama. The Pawnee called to his friends to come half-way and meet him. 369, 13. Sanssouci read, "E'gife jaiin amd an"he bacibe waidini to h6 Paii'ka ama." He gave the corresponding joiwere, which means, "Behold, the Ponkas being the cause, the Pawnees broke through their ranks and fled, carrying the Ponkas along as the pursuers." He substitutes amal for afika," as the Ponkas were the cause of the flight. The fullest expression would be: "Egioe PaI'ka ama 6wani 6gan, gd in ama an'he bacibe wAQini t6 hai Pail'ka eail'ka," answering to the loiwere. 369, 14. ano agoai, contraction from an a agoai. 369, 19. e wadanbai te. The Ponkas saw him kill them. 370, 2. ucte afilka. These were the eight or nine mentioned in the preceding sen tence. So the whole party of the Ponkas numbered but fourteen warriors. THE WAR PARTY OF NUDA"AXA'S FATHER. TRANSLATION. My father went on the war-path. And he sang all the time. He always was sing- ing as he walked. When he was a young man, he was always singing when he lay down at night. At length they went as scouts to a certain place. When the scouts were going back, they discovered the trail of men. "O war chief, some men have gone homeward in a long line!" said they. "Oho!" said he, "do persevere. Be sure to make yourselves sacred by the aid of your guardian animals." At length three men were passing along very close beside them. "Come, O war-chief, let us kill these!" said they. But the war-chief was unwilling. At length it was night and somewhat dark. "Hu! hhu!u! hu!" They were those who beat the drums. They were Paw- nees. When my father heard it, he aroused the young man who was with him. "Arise!" said he. And they came back to tell it to the war-chief: "O war-chief, they who beat the drums are manifest. Those who are in that place near by came this way and camped." At day it became light again. At length the men were coming back, fol- lowing the course of the stream. And without detecting the presence of the Ponkas, they went far beyond them on their homeward way. And one was coming back. "Ho!" said they, "let us cause this one to die with us." My father went as a scout. The path was very near. My father returned to the war-chief to tell it to him. My father left them all behind, as he was a swift runner. He overtook the Pawnee. The Pawnee having thrown away his robe, ran back towards his people in the camp. My father overtook him. He shot at the Pawnee repeatedly, wounding him with the arrows; he wounded the Pawnee every time, therefore he shot at him. And when Wacuce arrived there, he killed the Pawnee with a blow from his war-club. The rest of the Ponkas arrived afterward. After a little while the Ponkas intercepted their retreat on both sides of the path. At length the Pawnees in fleeing forced a way through the ranks of the Ponkas, carrying the latter along in pursuit. And my father remained sitting at the place where they had left him. And the Pawnees were coming very close beside him. Notwithstanding he wished to shoot at them, he never shot. "Hereto- fore have I wished to live; and behold, if they detect me, they will kill me," said my father. He referred to the Pawnee men who were walking- in a dense body; if they found one man belonging to the foe they would be apt to kill him. This Qu'6-mafill (White Hoof's father) killed very many of the Pawnees; he was very active. Behold, the Ponkas saw him kill four men of the Pawnees; he really killed them. Qu'6-man- i"n was the only slayer besides my father; the rest of the Ponkas were not slayers. And the Pawnees killed eight or nine Ponka men. The Pawnees exterminated the remaining Ponkas. About five:-Nacki-4ail'ga (Big-head), Qu'6-mar"i", the father of je-j6-baj6 (Buffalo-dung-in-heaps), my father, and Wacuce, came home alive. All fled, and scattered in the thickets; they scattered and hid themselves. During the next day they met each other, and assembled themselves. And they barely reached home; they were naked and very hungry. 371 372 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. NUDAN-AXA'S ACCOUNT OF HIS FIRST WAR PARTY Ajin'ga tG'di pahan'gaqtci a# 'ia-biama KI i"d4di akA ga"', Dadiha, Me small when at the very first going they spoke of, And my father the so, 0 father, they say. (sub.) gAamA4a bd6 kan'boa, eh6 (to), Ai'kaji ha, af. Ifaban' dgian"'ji-ga. Anjin'- to those (out I go I wish, I said (when), Not so he A second do not say it to Me small of sight) -said. time (any one). 3 gadi, nisiha, uAgacan-hnan-man' ide tdqi i( pahan-hnan-man', af. (ijin'g when, my child, I used to travel but difficult I used to know, he said. You small egan' edadan tdqi A iakip4 3[, oaxAge iwihiuh6, af. iganja, nfacinga amA AnaskA because what difficult you meet if, you cry I fear it for he Though so, person the howlarge you, said. (pl.) ctWwa"' nd Itjigifgcani dgan, ugAcan-hnan'i, eh6. Adan dgiman. UAgacan' soever man decidefor them- as, they always travel, I said. Therefore I do so. I travel selves 6 kan'bOa, eh I Hau! af. 'di hn6 te, at. Nfacinga Akiki I wish, I said. Ho he said. There you go will, he said People attack one the time when, another comes baza"'aqti hnd tatd, af. Nfacinga uhnan'-de ga"' t'd6iF6 ctdct~wa"' uda", pushing in you go shall, he said. Man you while so he kills you notwithstand- good among them hold him ing ai Ga"' nfacinga a-figi" amA k6'di pf. Egioe nfacinga nan'-hnan ami. he And man those who came at the I ar- Behold person grown only they say. said. and sat place rived. ! (Niaci"ga ukdin 6 fa"qtidgani 3[id amA) Hau! at. Can' ha, ijil'ge in' (Indian common that he is a great man he is they say.) Ho! they It is his son the by means of wounded said. right (my. one) 4de tf ha, A-biamA. NaPban'wanfa'i. Gan' agaf. Min' u dagge man"i"'i. but he has said they, they They shook hands with And they went. Moon throughout they walked. come say. me. Igiqe mi"' k6 t'd, ugAhanadaz6'qti. Hau! af. Najinjin'ga ti-mA-an" wai" At length moon the dead, very dark. Ho! they .Boys of various those who bring ye (ob.) said. sizes came 12 gii-gA. IjAje ita`niadi g6 gianl'a taf. Ijin'ge finkd ain"' gfi-ga, af. Wi them hither. His old the let them throw His son hewhois bring him hither, they Me' name (pl. ob.) away their, aid. awafikai, indAdi ijAje (adaf. Gan' anp'i akfi. E'di hnd te, af. Cdde- they meant me, my father his name they pro- And having they went There you go will, they Smoke- nounced. me back. said. gAxe, Nan'ge-tft a, Mi"xA-ska, ca"' uctd amA b liaga u6ici pan'di giinl'ankig ai. maker, To-run-ho-starts, Goose-white, in fact the rest all center in the made me sit. 15 Ahau! ijije (agfanhna td, ai Egi"e, ikAge ijAje win' agi"' tat6; t'a"qtia"', Oho! his name you will abandon they Behold, his friend his name one he shall have it; there is a great your, said. abundance, af. IkAge 6 nuda"' afiga-i t6 Axa amA ha, af; Adan a1i"' tatd, af. Nuda"'- the Hisfriend this to war we were when he cried for it they there- he shall haveit, they To-war-he- said. coming said; fore said. axa, af. Ga"' Cide-gAxe u(A (efai. W akan'da-ma u A (dai. Ga"' ijAje cried-for, they And Cudo-gaxe called aloud to The deities he called aloud to And his said. tell it. them to tell it. name :8 te gia"' a 'fY6 finkd Aa, u+! af. Nuda"'-axa ijAje ain' 'f1e (inke Aga, the to abandon he is speaking of indeed, halloo! he Nudan' axa his name having he is speakingof indeed, his said. NUDANAXA'S ACCOUNT OF HIS FIRST WAR PARTY. 373 u+! ai. jaAge anfigdga" egi"cd ctwwa"', fanA'an tigan uwiboa cuteae6 haloo! he Headland somewhat you whomove soever, you hear it in order I tell you I send to you said. large that mifnki 6a, u+! QAde banan'nan ji"nc ct wa"', pand'a" tigan uwifba I who indeed, halloo Grass in clumps youwhomove soever, you hear it in order that I tell you cuuda6 minki aa, u+ Ja"n' 4anggan 4 Ai"cd ct' wa"', anA'a" tdgan uwfboa 3 I send to you I who indeed, halloo! Wood somewhat you who soever, you hear it in order I tell you large move that cu&da06 mink6 Aga, u+! Wajin'jinga beugaqti 4an'de ucka'ckan mnanhni"' I send to you I who indeed, halloo! Birds of various all ground stirring on re- ye who sizes peatedly mAce, oanA'an tdgan uwfbpa cuda4 rniinki6 ga, u+! Wanfla jinjin'ga, walk, you hear it in order I tell you I send to you I who indeed, halloo Animal small on.-s of that various sizes, lan'de ucka"'cka" manhnin' mdcO, anA'a" tigan uwiboa cuda6 -minkd Aoa, 6 ground stirring on re- ye who walk, you hear it in order I tell you I send to you I who indeed, peatedly that u+! GAtega"' uwiba cuoafaf, wanifa mi ce. Watifa fdanbadiqti niacinga halloo! Thus and thus I tell you I send to you, ye animals. Rank of in theverymiddle man warriors wasd:anqti wi"' t'6 ai i, ui a" gi Oiink6d Aa, u+! ai. Ga"' ijAje.itan'iadi very quick one he kills when, holding he is coming indeed, halloo! he nd his old him him back said. name cti umai. Najin'-ti 6 an'l 'i 4ga", Nuda"'-axa ai 'ife cinkd A6a, u+! 9 too he told. To-rain-begins to aban- he as, Nuda~-axa to have he is speaking of indeed, halloo I don it speaks of it af. Ga"' anjan'-hnani. j(IAin 4f ahf-bdji dgan, waAta-baji'qtia"'i; nanpdhin he And we slent regu- Pawnee tent theyhadnot as they did not eat at all: hunger larYy. wakan'diAqtian'i. they were very impatient from. ]gije, Cai'ge ta" At length, Horse the (ob.) Can' Agjin 'fiai Yet to sit on it he spoke of. reached Ga"' ahli JcAi fi. Ha"' [i, i11 kU egaxd ida"'0 And they Pawnee tent. Night when, the line to surround it arrived of tents (ta" Aagoin tA mifike, af to windgi akA. Af'kaji, this I sit on will I who, he said my mother's the Not so, (ob.) him brother (sub.). Cai'ge Agoin tan an'sagi h6gaji. Gan' if 0ke 6 Horse he sat on the swift very. And tent this (ob.) (line) ataf. they went. eh6. 12 I said. gaxe they iga"'oai to nanpan"hin. WahAba a"man/'an aniga e taf, eh. Nijinga win' surrounded when me hungry. Ears of corn we steal let us go, I said. Boy one dkinaskAqtci juAgge; 6 cti iian'ckad& Ga"' ujai'ge k6 anguha afigAai. 15 just as large as he I with him; he too I had as a sister's son. And road the (ob.) we followed we went. Watcicka win' 6ga" ujao a naji"' akA. gamu ang8Aai tW'di d'e win' ddi aka. Greek one like forked it was standing. Down-hill we went when field one it was there. j.ji amA waga"' g6 Akast itggiAe-hnan/i. Waa"n' Ahigi a"nizai, watan'zi Pawnee the (sub.) squash the (pl.) inheaps theyused toplacetheir. Squash many we took, corn k6 edAbe Ahigi anpfzai. Gan' 'i'n anfgAki, hdga-bpji. Ena-a"'n/an anwan"ii. 18 the also many we took. And carry- we reached a great many. In equal shares we gave to (ob.) ing there again, them. Nean'0ai. jd de k6 zi [i jean'ji. Egioe an'ba akA ma"'ciAha tihaf. Wain ca-i We kindled a Fire the yel- when we At length day the on high it passed. Yonder they. fire. low roasted it. (sub.) come with the pursuers ha, af. Wateicka kig#Aja nea"' angi"'. Ga1' 6gioe, ubisandg'qti wAoi" they Creek at the bottom we kindled we sat. And behold, pressing into very they came sail. a fire close quarters atfi. UmAha amA edAbe (da i" ~inike'di edufhai to. Egioe ga"' an'he amd, 21 and had Omaha the (pl.) also Pawnee at the (vil- joined in it. At length so theywerefleeing, us. large) 374 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. wabaaza'. Ma"' na"'cudai. jam' wa4i" 6dfqti win' t'6dai to Pan'ka *ankA. they were Soil they made dust Down-hill having justthere one they killedhim Ponka the scared off. by running, them (pl. ob.). AtatAdi ci wi"' ua"'i te. Ganf'ki ci win e'di t'd6ai te eduata". Gan'ki Far beyond again one they took hold of. And again one there they killed him the next. And 3 wa'u win' (izaf t6, ja-saba-wi", UmAha wal'. Egioe win6gi akA change woman one they took, Deer-black-female, Omaha woman. At length my mother's the horse brother (sub.) tan ini'jn'jn aki, a"nan/wahh6gan. Wackan'-gg ha, ai. Niacinga ama hdga- the having mine he ar- having followed me. Do your best, he People the a great (ob.) for me rivedagain said. (sub.) bdji, ai. Ga"' an/'an"a agiaf. WinAqtci anwan"cte. CAnakAgge 6agoa" n i many, he And leaving me he went I alone me remained. Saddle I put it on when said. homeward. for (the horse) 6 aag i". jamdqti ag46; w6kantan uniq aqiai b eicta" go6dai Egioe wdahide I sat on it. Down a very I went lariat holding loosely I let him I sent him At length at a distance steep hill homeward; go homeward suddenly. akf. Sinddhadi Agginga, ehd; Mde uoi'agaf. Ga"' aki, ujafl'ge Akicuga, I reached By the tail sit on it, I said; but he was unwill- And I arrived road standing thick, again. ing. again, uklhange oingd. Utan'na jin'ga te'di tha ak. Ga"' cdna. Waiictan'i, masAni bounds none. Space small by the follow- I ar- And enough. They let us go, the other between two ing it rived side again. 9 angAkii [qi. gioe wi"' aiin' akii, -Axe-jin'ga. ji i"n win' wabasna" hid6 we reached when. At length one they came back Crow- young. Pawnee one seapula bottom it again with him, to'di ui, ci hidealadi iii; ci 0pxande pahAci ian'di uii. uass'i". Ga"' at the wounded agt the the bottom he was again cheek above on the he was it stuck in. And him, wounded; wounded, niahinsi' gfiionilde. Gau' angai"t angAggai. Ha"' io4ugoe anman'lini. Ha"' arrow-head he pulled out for And we had him we went home- Night throughout we walked. Night him. ward. 2 t6 ci 6gau i(iuge anman/'ini. Can'qti annan'hani. Egioe 6 gasAni diba jan" the again so. throughout we walked. We walked even till night. At length thenextday four shlep cac'qti anna'anbaf. A"'ba wEsatan t6 aingkii, Niub0A6a ka,'a. Egioe nfaci"ga wewalked till broad daylight. Day the fifth the we reached Niobrara at the. Behold man home, pahan'ga amA niacinga g 6ba. Egiegan, Can' ha, af ega"', aga.ai Egie before theywho man ten. At length, Enough said having, they wet At length homeward. 5 nmaci"ga ifadita" ddba 40anbe ati. Egite pahan'ga agtif i", jnasif-ingd. person from the four in sight they Behold before lie came the Top-branch- lodge came. (my. one), without. Wijin'oe pahan'ga ma"nin' ama dduatan. Niacinga bilgaqti fwagikifge. My elder before he walked the next. People all kissed them, their brother own. Winaqtci ian'gikflg a-bAji. Aki tW'di indadi aka g6iuFin'gai: Wa! marn in'-ga. Me only they kissed not me, Ireached when my father the said as follows Why! walk their own, home (sub.) to me: 18 ha. Nikacinga t Abiin wAqQi-m4 wacta"'b di"te, edi ieat'd et 31i, af. j~adi Men three those whowere you may have seen there you die ought, he To the killed them, said. tent ckf te ubif'age, af. E cka"'hna, af. Utan'nadi agudi na"phhin Oat'd youhave the I am unwilling, he That you desire, he In some space in what hungry I ou die come back said. said, place ct6ctewan' 6 uda", af. AnqgAqtci aki. I"'na"ha aka umin'je uda" win' even if that good, he Me very lean I reached My mother the couch good one said. home. (sub.) 1 1 NUDANAXA'S ACCOUNT OF HIS FIRST WAR PARTY. 375 ingaxai ha. E'di ajan' ha. IPddi akA waAte a"'ii ha (0ink6 Nuda"'- madefor me There I slept My father the food gave to me This one Nuda1'- axa ugaca" hi 6de ifinge t'G gif. Da"'be i-ga, ai. P'dadi aka cafn'ge axa traveling arrived but tired to death he has To see him be com. he My father the horse there come home. ing, said. (sub.) wi"' 'fi t6, waii"', uta"', hi"be, ca"' bu'ga inc'Age giba"i in ke 'fi t. one he gave, robe, leggings, moccasins, in fact all old man he was the one he gave called who to him. NOTES. 372, 9. -if--Nudan'-axa. yifi, to wound himself; but i3iu, to be wounded; wounded- Frank La Fleche. 372, 11. ugahanadaz6qti, pronounced uga+hanadaziqti by the narrator. 373, 10. watata-bajiqtiani, pronounced waga+ta-bajiqtiani. 373, 12. winegi aka. This was Wasabe-4afi'ga (Big Black bear) or TukaBa. 373, 19. dede k6, said of much fire, as in a long line. 373, 19. wapi" ca-i ha. Said by those who peeped over the hill. 374, 1. waiin ediqti win t'eVai t6. This was Waha-afi'ga (Big Hide). 374, 2. atatadi ci wi" una"i te. This was He-jaa (Forked Horns). 374, 2. gailki ... eduatan. This was Uhan"-naiba (Two Boilings or Two Kettles), a name borrowed, perhaps, from the Dakota Oohe-no"pa (Oohe-norpa). 374, 13. Niubyaia keqa. It was where Westermann's store now stands in the town of Niobrara, Neb. 374, 15, dasi-iilge, or Wegasapi (Whip) was the father of White Eagle, the pres- ent head-chief of the Ponkas. 374, 16. wijine. This elder brother was Ubi-ska, sometimes called Wackan'-ma"- i"n (He who makes an effort in walking), the second head-chief, who shared the power with Wegasapi. PLAN OF THE BATTLE AND FLIGHT. 1 >t4 Phaonee comahas C.-Tho route by which most of the Ponkas fled. .- ff near the Pawnee village, which Nuda-some of the Ponas seed to view the fighfled. B.--Pouka camp, where Nndan'axa and the other non-combatants were nearly surrounded. C.--TIh route lby which most of the Ponkas fled. D.--The route by which Nudan/-axa fled. 376 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. TRANSLATION. At the very first, when I was small, they spoke of going on the war-path. And when I said, "Father, I wish to go to those people," he said, "No! Do not say that again to any one. When I was young, my child, 1 used to travel, but I used to know difficulties. Because you are young, I fear you would cry if you got into trouble." "Nevertheless," said I, "persons of any size at all who decide for themselves invaria- bly travel; therefore I do that. I wish to travel." "Well, you shall go thither. When they attack one another, you shall go among them. Even if they kill you while you take hold of a man, it would be good," said my father. So I went to the persons who had assembled. Behold, they were all grown. (It is customary among Indians for the wounded ones to become great men by means of their suffering.) "Ho! it is right. It is his son, but he has come." They shook hands with me. They departed, travel- ing throughout the month. At length the moon was dead, and it was very dark. "Ho! bring ye hither the boys of different sizes who have come. Let them abandon their old names. Bring his son hither," said they. They meant me, and they called my father's name. The messengers took me thither. "You shall go thither," said they. Cide-gdxe (Smoke-maker), Nafi'ge-tioa (He-starts-to-run), Minxd-skl (White Swan), and the others made me sit in the center. "Oho!" said they, "you shall abandon your name. Behold, his friend shall have a name, for there is a great abundance of them. When we were coming hither on the war-path, this one, his friend, cried for it; therefore he shall have Nuda"'-axa (He-cried-for-the-war-path) for his new name." And Cfde-gaxe lifted his voice to tell the deities. "He is indeed speaking of abandoning his name, halloo! He is indeed speaking of having the name Nuda"'-axa, halloo! Ye big headlands, I tell you and send it to you that you may indeed hear it, halloo! Ye clumps of buffalo-grass, I tell you and send it to you that you may hear it, halloo! Ye big trees, I tell you and send it to you that you may indeed hear it, halloo! Ye birds of all kinds that walk and move on the ground, I tell you and send it to you that you may indeed hear it, halloo! Ye small animals of different sizes, I tell you and send it to you that you may hear it, halloo! Thus have I sent to tell you, ye animals. Right in the ranks of the foe will he kill a swift man, and come back after holding him, halloo!" He also told the old name. "He speaks indeed of throwing away the name Najin-tiQ6 (Starts-to-rain), and he has promised to have the name Nudan'-axa, halloo!" said he. We slept regularly each night. As we had not reached the Pawnee village, we had eaten nothing at all, and we became very impatient from hunger. We reached the Pawnee village. When it was night, they went to surround the village. My mother's brother said, "I will ride this horse." "No," said I. Still he spoke of riding it. The horse which he rode was very swift. And when they went to surround these lodges I was hungry. Said I, "Let us go and steal ears of corn." 1 went with a boy who was just my size. I called him my sister's son. We followed the path. One stream forked. When we went down hill, a field was there. The Pawnees had placed their squashes in heaps. We took many squashes and ears of corn. We returned to camp, carrying a great many on our backs. We distributed them in equal shares. We kindled a fire. The coals were bright, and we roasted the corn. At length it was broad daylight. Those on the hill said, "Yonder they come in hot pursuit." We sat THE DEFEAT OF THE PAWNEES BY THE PONKAS IN 1855. 377 below the hill, kindling a fire at the stream. At last they came close upon us, getting us into a tight place. The Omahas joined the Pawnees. The Ponkas fled, being scared off. They raised a dust with their feet. Just as the foe went down hill after the Ponkas, one of the latter was killed. Beyond that the Pawnees captured another. Next they killed Uhan-nanba, and an Omaha woman, La-saba-wil", was captured. At length my mother's brother brought back my horse, having followed me. "Do your best. The people are very many," said he. lie went homeward on foot, leaving me alone. I put the saddle on my horse, and mounted him. As I went down a steep hill, I loosened my hold on the lariat, giving him full rein. At length I arrived at a great distance from the foe. "Sit behind," said I to my mother's brother; but he refused. The paths stood so thick that they were without spaces between them. I went a little distance by another way, joining the rest after making a detour. When we reached the other side of a stream, the Pawnees let us go without further pursuit. At.length one was brought to us, Haxe-jin'ga (Little Crow), whom a Pawnee had wounded in two places on the shoulder and in the upper part of the cheek. The arrow-head stuck in the cheek, so they pulled it out for him. We took him along homeward. We walked throughout the night, and when it was day we walked till night. We walked four nights after that, and until broad daylight. On the fifth day we reached home at Niobrara. The foremost were ten men: Having said, "It is enough,"'they went to their respective homes. At length four of the people from the lodges came in sight. The first one who came home was iasi-ifige, and my mother's brother was the next in rank. All the people kissed them. Me alone did they not kiss. When I reached home, my father said as follows to me, as if in reproof: "Why! Go! You have seen the three men who were killed, and you ought to die there. I am unwilling for you to come back to this lodge. You desired that. It would be good for you even to die from hunger in some lone place." I came home very lean. My mother made a good couch for me. I slept there. My father gave me food. He said, "This Nudan'-axa went traveling, but he has come home tired to death. Come to see him." My father gave a horse, a robe, leggings, and moccasins to the old man who was called. THE DEFEAT OF THE PAWNEES BY THE PONKAS IN 1855. IAOIn WAQpI TE. PAWNEE THEY WERE THE. KILLED DICTATED BY NUDAn'-AXA. JAi"n amA iiAug 'qti winuda" can'ca". Ki 04i" Agaha-.man' i" inc'lge Pawnee the throughout made war on always. And this one Over (them) he walks old man (sub.) us ilan'ge dde nagoe pizaf &ai"n amA. Ki Agaha-ma"'Oin akA ga"' giian'be his sister but a captive took her Pawnee the And Agaha-ma'4i, the (an ex- to see his (sub.). (sub.) pletive) can" ga"' t'd 'fia-biamA. Ha"'egantce'qtci 4i, ifinga-bitdam. Ki-hna"' .ga"' 3 at any rate to he spoke of, they Early in the morning when, he was missing, they And only (exple- die say. say. tive) 378 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. 64utan majan' in a straight land line with hnan ja"'i tj . regularly he slept. gfi"' cjii" amA sat Pawnee the (sub.). Ga"' gAke Atih'ai te ca"'ca". And that he passed on always. EgR ie ha'ega"tce'qtci &'di ahf-biamd. At length early in the morning there he arrived, they say. Uta"'nadi- In a lone place Uta"'-biamA dJAi" Took hold of him, Pawnee they say EAtan manhnin', A-biamA. Why you walk, said they, they say. Ga"', Min'jinga uAkiji 5de nAgge hnizai; And, C.irl lam nearly but captive you took related to her;. ki Agudi t' eapaf d6i"te &'di t'da2"A e kan'bta. E'di cinudan an'(ate taf ega" and in what you killed her it may there you kill me I wish. There dog to eat me in order that place be manbin"', A-biama (aqubewaa-biamaitjAi" anma. I abit'a-biamA. Wuhu+! I walk, said he, they Spoke in wonder they say Pawnee the Mouth they pressed on, Really say. (sub.). they say. 6 t'6 nan'paji, a-biamA. jA in ama uewimhnjip -biamA, b~ugaqti. U#4ciaia to die he fearsnot, said they, they Pawnee .the assembled they say, all. In the center say. (sub.) g4i'-biamA. Pi tmaxal to. he sat they say. Anew they asked him. EAta" ma"hnin', A-biamA. Why you walk, said they, they say. V(ta"qti ug ery straight tell your (story), N7.! Min'jinga uAkiji dde nAgge hnizai; O6u in"'ahni" cld. Ki Why! Girl Iam nearly but a captive you took here you had her yonwere Ant related to her; for me coming home. 9 Awaoan'di t'6aaai tl'di t'dauna4 ai kan'bta. where you killed her at the you kill me I wish. manbi"', A-biamA. I walk, said he, they say. gAhiakAia ai"', A-1 at yonder (camp) they said have her 12 A-biamA. said they, they say. f(a-biamA. found him, they say. Ga"' t'l And to kill him E'di cinudan a"'nate taf cga" There dog to eat me in order that Ga"', Win'ke te, A-biamA. Ga"', (ilan'ge if hideama And, Ho told the truth, said they, they And, Your sister lodge down- say. stream biama. they, they say. A"n'i We give her to you Ga"' egasAni yi, 6'ta aq And the next when, thither he day taitd, a-biama. Gasani e'ia hnd te, shall, said they, they To-morrow thither you go will, say. ai t6. E'di ahi-biamA 3'i, niacinga ama went. There le arrived, they when, people the say (sub.) U(a"'i t&. Ga"' u i wi"' 6giha a"i"' Aia. ai yi, u6wi"fi -biama.. They took hold And lodge one headlong they had taken when, they assembled, they of him. him say. ifa-biamA. Ga"' i ) pahan'ga uan'si amiadi ama ahi-baji Slci; they spoke of, And lodge before li alighted by those the they did not for a they say. in (sut.) arrive longtime; 15 Adan' a"'li" t'6fa-bAi" to. kkikinAqM in'-biamA, pahan'ga t'de6 gan'lai dgan. therefore he came very near being put Each one hastened to anticipate the first to kill he desired as. to death, the rest, they say, him Eganqti agi"' akama. Just so they were keeping him, they say. .jig(fpiqti g#i"'i to. he pulled well he sat. around himself KI Amaha-ufci akA cdeict6wa"'j g ai"'i te; waiin' And Unwilling-to-share- the not heeding at all sat; robe his-lodge-with-one (sub.) Ga"' cA i" eqitan-ma wi"' ahii tE. And Pawnee those from (the one he arrived. other camp) Hau! kd, can'- Ho! come, cease 18 gaxAi-ga. Waiate #icta"', ni eti fatan' icta"', ninf cti i"' picta"', af to. ye. Eating be finished, water too drinking he finished, tobacco too using he finished, le said. Ga"' gi'i 'fa-biama. And to give they promised, his back they say. (i4an'ge aa.ggahnii' u age' tate, a-biamA. Ga"' Your sister you have yours you go slall, said they, tIhey And homeward say. 3 amA. the (sub.). a-biama. said they, they say. ' THE DEFEAT OF THE PAWNEES BY THE PONKAS IN 1855: 379 a"'ba dilba gf(adaf to g(W tat4. Gan' cenan tdfihi [i ga"' agoai te. d oai" day four they pro- when he go shall. And enough arrived when so he went Pawnee nouncedtohim homeward times there homeward. na"'ba edabe jdwag 4-biamA. Gan' Agiagoai te. An'ba g(dba Aboin" ja"'- two also went with them, they say. And they passed (the other Day ten three sleep. camp) on theirway home. qti-dga" akfi te. Gan' cd@in-ma jlwagoe akii te, hin"b, uta"' ge, waii"', 3 about they reached And the Pawnees with them reached when, moccasin, leggings the robe, home. home (ob.), change ctfi kina wa'fi te, ci gd6waki(af to. Ki ga"' edfta" ga"' lkit'a" ai te horse too equally they gave to again they sent them home. And then from that (exple- they hated one them, time tive) another. Ga"' Agaha-ma"'in" cenujingai t6di te. Ga"' wahaba iisW' (icta"'i te odi. And Agaha-maFin he was a young it was when. And cars of corn to pull they finished it was man off then. Q6 iicta"'i to, gaq(a"' agai to. Ga"' 14 wAnase-hna"'i Nfub(Aoa ke'di. 6 to they finished when, migrating they went. And buffalo they sur- regularly Niobrara at the. bury rounded them EgiA e dizeqtci niacinga d'uba sig4A-bikdama, h6gaji. Egioe if ama At length late in the person some they left a trail in a long a great Behold the tents evening line many. sakfbanwa"(af te. Mactcin'ge aki da(in" oanki w4ai to. Min' (an" hfd- we had them side by side. Rabbit the (sub.) Pawnee the (pl.ob.) found them. Sun the at the qtci te'di, 6gi(e, Mactini'ge ti amar a fkima"n'in aPai 4de agi amAma, af to. 9 very when, behold, Rabbit tent to the as a visitor he went but he is coming back, said bottom they say, they. Wii"h! wnih! af te. Nikacinga amA za'af 6ga" can'ge amia a"ha-biamA. WilSh! witnh! he said. People the making as horse the fled they say. (sub.) an uproar (sub.) Pan'ka ama nika(iqe aeaf to. Mactcin'ge 6dufhai te. (:iAi" (ankA gpi"'i Ponka the to chase the foe went. Rabbit joined in it. Pawnee. the (pl.) sat O(an'di ahfi te. Ga"' dgax ita"'waeai ga"' 6diqti ahi [i, 6gioe ifingaf to. 12 at the they arrived. And around it they placed them so just there they when, behold, there were none. arrived Niaci"ga fliniqpai te. Uman"e 'i", hinb6, utan', can'ge w6kantan ain"'i People had hid themselves. Provisions carried, moccasin, leggings, horse lariat they had g6' ctewa"', fiona"'i ega a a"'0ai to hegaji an"izai to. Ga"' Waii"'-quide ama tlb sever, they dropped as they aban- as a great we took. And Robe-gray the (pl. b.) doned many (sub.) eca"' Ifi. Ga' nikacinga ama dahi bFilga unal sig(4 cttwan' wd6a-baji 15 near camped. And people the hill all hunted trail in the least they found not. Gau" afi'gu an'ga(indfta" niacinga na"'ba 6'di uiwagioA ahii to, wiji"'(e Cdi And we wewho moved from man two thdre to tell them theyarrived, my elder his brother tent to'ta. Nfacinga d'uiba gaiandi w6oa-biama dgan, wenaxifa ati-bi 6de sig#4 at the. People some in that (place) they found them, as, to attack them i. came, but trail they say r ,. say ctowa"' (ingaf; uman"e b(iigaqti wAca-biamA. Adan ata"' ma"oni"' to ceta" 18 in the last there was provisions all they snatched from Therefore when you walk the tothat none; them, they say. time cafi'ge cd-ma, wA4akihfde te, af Ada, u+! Ha"' ge' ctewan' waakibide te, horse those you watch them will, he indeed, halloo I Night the soever you watch them will, says (pl.) at Aia, u+! a-biama. Ga"' 6 uwagi(a ahf-biarnm af ana1'a. Ga"' a"wa"'- he indeed, halloo! said they, And that to tell them they arrived, they I heard. And we sur- says they say. they say said rounded 380 THE (qEGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. nase-hna" ca"'can. the regu- always. herds larly Pafi'ka amA wan Ponka the (sub.) poll 3 Hau! ca"' ha, af. Hot enough they said. edabe wanAse. also surrounded the herd. Egiae Ca At length Da] a"' d'uba ati anmA. kota some came the (sub.). Ki E'di angAhii. Ki And there we arrived. And Ace wAxai. WanAce amA nfkagahi edAbe ukfkiai tw. ce made them. Police the (sub.) chief also they talked together. Gan' 4d-ma idnaxfiai. Miwahdga-baji. Ga"' Caan' arnm And the buffa- they attacked. They shot down a great And Dakota the loes many. (sub.) Va 'in' Carrying them akii dga", cka"'ji gei"' tW'di, egi e, Ca-i cangaghi" reached having, motionless they when, behold, Yonder riding a horse home sat he comes win' hau, al. Egioe fbahan-lina'i. UOA'i-bi 6 akA hau, af. Ati ha. one I they At length they all knew him. Pours much h it is I they He came said. water from his said. mouth into (something) 6 Ga"' Waiin'-quide amaq4ta". ( xe-ga[yu akA e'di ahf; ekioe akd. A"wa"'- And Waiin'-qdde from them. Drum the there arrived; the two were We sur- (sub.) related. nasai, af UfA'i-bi aka. je-nuga g#6ba-nan'ba ki e'di nan'ba wan'ganasai, rounded said UdA'i-bi the Buffalo bull ten two and there two we surrounded them, them, (sub.). Mde cdnaanwan/qi qtian'i, af. but we utterly destroyed them, he said. Ede d6a"baqti-dgan je-niga amA t'dawa af, But about seven buffalo bull the they killed us, (pl. sub.) 9 af. Ki HiI-boan amA, Ebd-hnan i"td, eedga" dga", wakan'diodgan wand'an he And Fish-smeller the Who only it may they as, impatiently they hear it said. (sub.), be, thought tait4. NAzandaji t'40ai, af. Nan'ge-tfA e t'dai, af. Na"bA-ma"nin' t'iai, af. shall. Seeks-no-refuge is killed, he To-run-he-starts is killed, he Two-walking is killed, he said. said. said. Muxa-nAjin t'edai, af. CAnugAhi t'd6ai, al. Na"'ba uctaf au'ja ijAje awA- Stuck in he is killed, he Big-head is killed, he Two remained though his name Ire- obliquely stands said. said. 12 siia-m ji ha. Gal: Ca(in g4dba-na"'ba ki 6'di 'nan'ba weAnaxfiai Mde member Inot e said Pawnee tens two and there two they attackedus but thom as follows: c6nawa4Aqtia"'i, af. Ga"' ni"n a anwan'danbai, zanf gini"', wi"'ect t'A-bAji. they were utterly he And alive we saw them, all recovered, even one he died not. destroyed, said. ijai" amA hdgaji Pawnee the a great (sub.) many amdgan they were, as wdahid6qti to a very great distance wAni" ahfi, cdnawatA-biamA. NanbA- they went after they exterminated them, By them, they say. 15 (a"na"' cti t'dwataf t0, ikiAwatanta' winAqtci-an" an' wAqoi wai" aeai t6. twos too they killed them, one after another by ones killing them they went after them. Ga"' wan'gakiji. And we came together again. Waiin'-quide-ima watcigaxe-hna" Waiin'-qdde the they danced regularly (pl.) ca"'can. without stopping. Wijin'pe My elder brother akA the (sub.) pahan'gawi"' t'4p6 akA. Ga"' wa'an' uheai te: the first one the one who killed. And song they carried it around: Ai+ Hi-af-o-hi+, Hi-a-o-hi+, -Ii-af-o-hi+. U-bf-ska 18 Hi-ai-o-l rw P, 4K I 1 II I '~'''''''''''~---' W - I I THE DEFEAT OF THE PAWNEES BY THE PONKAS IN 1855. 381 ct6 he+ Pa-han'-ga-qtci ke+, CA-goe-ia-ji a-he+, Gan'-ki na"-wa-pe+, The very first, He did not send him And they fear us, home to you C&-na-wa- 5 a-he+. C'tde-gAxe ijin'ge 6'di gi'i" ahi-bi egan', chd i" Theyweroexterminated. Culde-gSxe his son there carrying shearrived, having, Pawnee him they say wi"' t'd6ai ko gaha tankia tnkaa. Ci wi"' gaha Atafkitai t6. Na"'ba 3 one he was the upon he caused him to Again one upon he caused him to Two killed (ob.) tread on. tread on. Atafkioaf t6. Ga"' Na"b-wata"' ijdje aifi'kieaf te. he caused him to And Two-he-trod-on-them his name he caused him to tread on. have it. NOTES. Sanssouci says that this occurred in the summer, and he thinks that it was earlier than 1855. 378, 6. bougaqti, pronounced b u+gaqti by the narrator. 378, 16. eganqti a i" akama. He sat between two men, who held him. Each of them had one hand on a knife, to kill him if he stirred. 378, 16. Amaha-upici is another name of Agaha-maunin, meaning, "He who is un- willing to share his lodge with another." See "amahe" and wamahe" in the Dictionary. 379, 7-8. ji ama sakibanwa"nai. The camps of the two parties of Ponkas, the Waii"- qude and the Hu-bia", were placed side by side. The Hu-boan chief sent two messen- gers to UbiskA, to put him and the Waiin-qude on their guard. As the two camps were close together, it was very easy for NudaP'-axa, who belonged to the Hu-bWa", to hear what the criers proclaimed. 379, 8. Mactcinge was a brother of Hidiga (Myth-teller), Anhaji (Flees not), or amini-wa'u (Pawnee woman) of the Wacabe gens. 379, 16. 64i t~ia-Nudan-axa; e pii te'a.-Frank La Flbche. 380, 1. Caan d'uba. These were about forty lodges of Yanktons, with whom the Hu-bean camped. 380, 5. Uea'i-bi or Mantcu-kinanpapi was a member of the Wajaje or Reptile gens. 380, 7. By "buffalo bulls" he meant the Pawnees. 380, 16. waligakiji, from wakiji, refers to the two parties of the same tribe. When two tribes come together again and camp, and then travel together, Akikiji is used. Sanssouci says that when the Omahas were on the Platte River, in 1855, the Ponkas and Yanktons attacked the PawneeF, some of whom were opposite Fremont, Neb., the others being about five or six miles distant. The former were the a4jin- mAha" and the PitahawiratA. Several Omaha messengers were there at the time of the attack. The Omahas had sent word to the Pawnees to come in on a friendly visit. Indt-snede (Long-Face) killed an Omaha Wejincte woman who was among the Ponkas; and Black Crow, the head of the Ponka Nika-ddona gens, was wounded. Two Omahas, 382 THE (EGIHIA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. Mazi-kide (Shot at a Cedar), and Mik&-qega, rushed into the Ponka ranks. The Ponkas questioned them as to the numbers of the Pawnees, and then sent them back, saying, "The Yanktons would like to kill you." Returning, they told the Pawnees that the enemy were few. The Pawnees charged and routed the Ponkas and Yanktons, driving some of them into the Platte River. This was in the fall of 1855, and after Ubi-ski's victory. TRANSLATION. The Pawnees warred on us incessantly. And this old man, Agaha-ma" qi" (He walks over them), had a sister who was captured by the Pawnees. And Agaha-mai,, wished to see her, and he spoke of dying. Early one morning he was missing. The Pawnees dwelt in a land which was in that direction. He continued passing thither- ward. He slept in lonesome places. At length he arrived early one morning. The Pawnees arrested him. "What is your business?" said they. "I have a girl as a near blood-relation, but you have taken her captive. I wish you to tell me where you have killed her. I walk so that the dogs may eat me there," said Agaha-ma" i". The Pawnees were astonished. They pressed their hands against their mouths. "Really! he does not fear death," said they. All the Pawnees assembled, Agaha-mani"n sitting in the center. They questioned him again, and he answered as before. Said they, "He told the truth." Then addressing him, they said, "Your sister is held by those who are in the village over yonder, down the stream and out of sight. We will give her to you. You shall go thither to-morrow." On the morrow Agaha-man"in went to the other Pawnees, who arrested him when they found him. They carried him at once into a lodge, and then they assembled. They spoke of killing him. The Pawnees whom he met at the first were late in arriving, so he came very near being put to death. There was a contest, as each one wished to be the first to wound him. Just so they were keeping him. And Amaha-unici sat as if unconcerned, with his robe wrapped around him, the ends held by his hands, and with his arms crossed on his breast. One came from the other Pawnees. "Ho! cease that. He has already taken food and drink, and has smoked," said he. They promised to restore his sister to him. "You shall take your sister home," said they. And on the fourth day which they mentioned to him he and his sister were to go home. And when the full time had come, they went home, two Pawnees also going with then. And they passed the other Pawnee camp on their homeward way. In about thirty days they reached home. And when they reached home with the Pawnees, they gave the latter equal numbers of moccasins, leggings, robes, and horses, and sent them home. And from that time the Ponkas and Pawnees hated one another. This was when Agaha-ma"qfin was a young man. It was when they finished pulling off the ears of corn. When they finished burying them in caches, they departed on the hunt. And they sur- rounded the buffaloes at the Niobrara. At length, late in the evening, a great many persons left a trail in a long line. Then we placed the tents of the two parties of Ponkas side by side. Mactciiige (the Rabbit) detected the Pawnees. When the sun was at the very bottom of the sky, behold, they said: "It is said that Mactciige went to the tents as a visitor, but he is coming back." "Wtinh! wiunh!" said Mactciilge. As the people made an uproar the horses fled. The Ponkas went to chase the foe. Mactcifige took part in it. They reached the place where the Pawnees dwelt. And when they surrounded them and had arrived just there, behold, the Pawnees were missing. THE DEFEAT OF THE PAWNEES BY THE PONKAS IN 1855. 383 They had hid themselves. We took a great many of the things which they dropped and left: provisions in packs, moccasins, leggings, lariats. And the Waiin-qude (Gray- robes) camped very close. The Ponkas searched over all the hills, but they could not find the slightest trail. And two men from our party went to the tent of my.elder brother to tell about the affair. He sent out criers who said: "They report that they found some people in that place, and when they went to attack them, there was not even the slightest trail; but they deprived them of all their provisions, etc. So be on your guard and watch your ponies. Watch them even at night." And I heard one say that they had been there to tell it. And we continued surrounding the herds. At length some Dakotas came. And we went thither. And the Ponkas made policemen. The policemen and the chiefs talked together. lo! That will do," said they.. And they attacked the buffaloes. They shot down a great many. And the Dakotas also sur- rounded them. When they sat still after carrying the meat to the camp, they said: "Yonder comes one on horseback!" At length they recognized him. "It is Ufa'i- bi!".they said. He came from the WaiiE-qude. He reached the tent of Drum, the two being related. "We surrounded the herd. We surrounded twenty-two buffalo bulls, and we utterly destroyed them. But the buffalo bulls wounded about seven of us," said he. And as the Hu-bla" (Fish-smellers) thought, "Who can they be?" they were impatient to hear about them. Said he, "Seeks-no-refuge is wounded. Starts-to- run is wounded. Two-Walking is wounded. Standing-with-bent-legs is wounded. Big-head is wounded." Though two remained, I do not remember the names. He said as follows: "Twenty-two Pawnees attacked us, but they were utterly destroyed." And we saw them alive; all recovered, not even one died. As the Pawnees were a great many, they chased them to a great distance before they exterminated them. They killed them by twos; they killed them by ones, one after another, as they went along. And we, the Hu-boan and Waiin-qude, came together again. The Waiin-qude danced continually. My elder brother was the first to kill one of the foe. So they passed the song around: "Hi-ai-o-hi+! Hi-ai-o-hi+! Hi-ai-o-hi+! Hi-ai-o-hi+! U-bi-ski~ was he! The first one was he! He did not send him home to you! And they fear us! They were exterminated!" Smoke-Maker's new-born son was carried to the battle-field by an old woman, and was caused to put his feet on two dead Pawnees. Therefore they made him have the name, Trod-on-Two. MYTH S. HOW THE RABBIT KILLED THE (MALE) WINTER. OBTAINED FROM FRANK LA FLICHBE. Mactcin'ge-i"' ami Rabbit the p4 amama. was going, they say Egioe Usni oinke'di ahf-biama. Ahai! It came to Cold the-at he ar- they say. Well! pass rived qati-aji-qti-hna" pa"'cti. CUgedi g tin'-ga. E'a"'qti mananin' (j i"cd a, you have very as a rule heretofore. Those things sit. What great you have been waking ? not come by matter a-biam6 Usni akA. A"'ha", negiha, wilimi mdgan, wiban' aka a"'aqff-qti-an"i 3 said, they say Cold the. Yes, 0 mother's my father's likewise, my grand- the knocked the life out of brother, sister mother me altogether ega"' waji"'cte pf acin"h ha. Xagd gi"n'-biamA Mactcin'ge-i'n aka; uan's having in a bad humor I have'been Crying he sat they say Rabbit the; hopping coming iOa"nta" gtin'-biamA; cka"'aji ctbwan' gfin'-bajf-biamA Mactcin'ge-i"' aka. suddenly and he sat they say; motionless at all he sat not they say Rabbit the. repeatedly Cka"'aji 4gan gtin'-ga ha, i-biamn Usnf ak4. An'kaji, negiha de 4gima" 6 Motionless so sit he they say Cold the. Not so, 0 mother's this I do it said brother can'can. Egide Usni akA 'Abae aq6 'fia-biamA. Negiha cubd6 tA mike, always. It came to Cold the hunting going he they say. 0 mother's I go with will I who pass spoke of brother you A-biamA Mactcin'ge-i"' akA. TenA! (at'd te ha, a-biama Usni akA. he they say Rabbit the Why! you die will he they say. Cold the said said Af'kaji ha, negiha, Aqta at'd tada". Not so 0 mother's how pos- I die shall? brother, sible 6gan ga h6, 4-biama Usni aka. so do he they say Cold the. said Ca"' cubtd ta mike ha. At any I go with will I who rate you Hin'dakd! 9 Let us see ! Usni akA Aci aAb ega"' Hw! hw! Cold the out he went having Wh! Wh! they say a-biama qi igacude gaxA-biamA, usni hdgaji amA. Ki aoA-biama Ni he they say when blizzard he made they say, cold very it was, And he went,,they say when said they say. jugie atA-biama Mactcin'ge-in' akA. with him went they say Rabbit the. amA: ita"ninahA-qti cti naf'ge ao( say: forward very too running he wen Mactcin'ge-i"' akA wasisige-qti-bi- 12 Rabbit the active very they !-hna"-biamA: habitu- they say: t ally qAfa cti agoi-hnan- back too he came habitu- again back ally biamA: Usni cin nan'ge cti uican-hnani'-biam64. Niacinga ni"' wasisige they say: Cold the running too he went habitu- they say. Person the active I around him ally 10 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. inahi" Aha", eqdga"-biamA Usni akA. Egioe 4aqti win" ihf-biamA. UhI! truly I he thought they say Cold the. It came to deer one he soared up, they Oho pass say. negiha, laqti wi" cuhi ha. Kida-ga ha, A-biamA Mactcin'ge-i" ama. O mother's deer one has reached Shoot it he they say Rabbit the brother, you said 3 An'kaji ha 4ga' uAna-mAji ha, A-biamA Usni akA. Gan'ki indada" und SNot so indeed such I do not seek he they say Cold the. And what he seek said etdda" eqega"-biamA Mactcin'ge-in' amA. I~gie nfacinga d'diba wBda- can? he thought they say Rabbit the. It came to person some he found pass them biama Mactcin'ge-i" ama. UhA! negiha, niacinga d'dba cuhfi ha. they say Rabbit the Oho! O mother's person some they reach brother, you 6 An'ha", 4ga"-hnan uane ha, a-biama Usni aka. Gan" t'waoA-biamA. Yes, such habitually I seek he they say Cold the. And he killed them they say. said Niacinga kU wa'i"' ag4A-biama. Wa'i"' aki-biamA qi uhan-biamd niacin- Person the carrying he went they say. Carrying he reached when he cooked them, per- them homeward them home, they say they say ga anfka. (ijicka gfiikdfa-ga hA, nanpdhi"-qti-an eb*dga", A-biamA son the Your brother's work hurriedly for hungry very I think, he they say son him said 9 Usni akA. Nin'deoA-biamA uqpd ufji-biamA niacinga jani[a' t6. Wi Cold the. Cooked till done they say dish she filled for him human fresh meat the. I they say dgan wabhata-mAji-hnan-ma"' ha, A-biamA Mactcin'ge-in' akd. Wd'i-biama. such I eat not habitu- I do he they say Rabbit the. He gave it they say. ally said back to them Uman'e t a (0asnin'-biamA [i ci 'Abae a+A 'fca-biamA Usni akA. Angdae Provisions the swallowed they say when again hunting going he they say Cold the. We go spoke of 12 taf Mactc 'ge-i"', A-biamA Usni akA. An'kaji, negfha, 0i-hna" ma'- will Rabbit he they say Cold the. Not so, 0 mother's thou alone walk said brother, tin'-ga, A-biamA Mactcin'ge-i"' akA. Usni akA ci usni gaxAb ega"' ci thou he they say Rabbit the. Cold the again cold he made, having again said they say ati-biamA. Iof amA [i! Mactcin'ge-in' akA Usni igaqan ikd imaxA- he went they say. He had they say when Rabbit the Cold his wife the he ques- gone tioned her 15 biamA. jimiha, windgi IndAdan na"'pe a. tindgi nan'pe ihng&d h6. they say. O father's my mother's what fears he ? Thy mother's to fear has nothing sister, brother brother Af'kaji, mimfha, wiect na"'pe at'a" ha: Aqtan windgi na"'pe cing4 tAda". Not so, O father's even I to fear I have : how pos- my mother's to fear have noth- shall? sister, (something) sible brother ing (irigi na"'pe fingdf hU, A-biamA wa'u akA An'kaji, 4imiha, wfect6 Thymother's to fear has nothing she they say woman the Not so, O father's even I brother said sister, 18 nan'anxi a-hnan-man/ ha: Aqtan windgi na"pe mingf tAdan. Anha", oindgi me soared habitu- I use : how pos my mother's to fear havenoth- shall? Yes. thymother's ally sible brother ing brother dactan'ga-da na"'pe h6. An'han, 4gan 4skan eb4dgan ha, A-biamA Ma- Rocky Mount- head he fears it Yes, so it might I thought he they say Rab- ain sheep be said HOW THE RABBIT KILLED THE (MALE) WINTER. ctcin'ge-i"' aka. Wi" itab ega"' t'd) a- bit the. One he found, having he killed they say it ag#-biamd. Usni akA aki-biamA. ried it they say. Cold the he they say. homeward reached home I"'tcaNqtci Aci aeaf, A-biama wa'ui al Nc w very out he went, she they say woman th said biamA. da 0an mAsab ega"' 'in they say. Head the he cutoff, having he car- they say Mactcifi'ge-in' wiu'anwAia 06 A. Rabbit in which direction went he ki. Egioe dAze i akf-biama 3 he. It came to" evening when he reached pass home, they say. Mactcin'ge-i"' aka. Negiha, ceoa" dactan'ga-dd wi"', A-biama. Gian"'a Rabbit the. 0 mother's that the Rocky Mount- head one, he they say. Hethrewit brother, ain sheep said to him 0(a-biama i[i t'6-qti aoA-biamd Usni aka. Wa'u ifink enA-qtci uctg he sent they say when dead very he went they say Cold the. Woman the alone very re- it forcibly mained amA. Ada" edita" usni-qti-~ji-hnan" ama. Ceta"'. they say. Therefore from that cold very not habitu- they say. So far. cause ally NOTES. The accompanying version of this Omaha myth was given me by Mr. Frank LaFlche. Mr. Sanssouci says that it was not the Winter, but Igacude (Storm-maker), who was killed by the Rabbit. Igacude used to go each day to a lofty bluff, and gaze in all directions till he spied a party of hunters. When he discovered as many as he could carry on his back, he used to take up a ball of snow and blow off the particles till he made a snow-storm, in which all the men were sure to perish. Then Igacude gathered the bodies and car- ried them to his lodge. 9, 1. Mactciilge-in, or Mactcifge, the name of a mythical hero of the Ponkas and Omahas, answering to the Iowa and Oto Mictcine. His other name was Sii6- makan (see myth of the Turkey, in the first version; also that of Si&6-maka's advent- ures as a deer). The distinction, if any, between Mactcifige and Mactcifge-i" has been forgotten. 9, 2. e'an-qti ma"oni" 4aoiuce a. The use of "ea".qti" shows that there must have been some great trouble or important business which forced the Rabbit to wander from his home at such a time. 9, 10. asa-b egan, contr. from afa-bi egan. 9, 11. igacude gaxa-biama, usni hegaji ama. Frank said: usni he+gaji ama, It was ve - ry cold. 10, 7. niacinga k6, "the long line of men's bodies," in this case. 10, 13. gaxa-b ega", contr. from gaxa-bi ega". 11, 6. ada" editan usn-qti--iji-hnan ama. Before that it was much colder than it is now. Now we have the female Winter. TRANSLATrON. The Rabbit was going somewhere. It came to pass that he reached the place where the Winter was dwelling. "Well! you made it a rule not to come hither at all in the past. Sit by those things near you. On what very important business have you been traveling?" "Yes, O mother's brother, and my father's sister! my grand- 12 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. mother has altogether beaten the life out of me; so I have been coming hither in a bad humor" (said the Rabbit). The Rabbit sat crying; he continued hopping to and fro; the Rabbit did not sit still at all. "Do sit still," said the Winter. "0 mother's brother, I always do thus!" At length the Winter spoke about going hunting. ''O mother's brother, I will go with you!" said the Rabbit. "Why! you would be apt to die," said the Winter. "No, O mother's brother! how is it possible for me to die? I will go with you at all events." "Let us see! Do so," said the Winter. The Winter, having gone out, said: "Wh! Wh!", and made a fine driving snow-storm (blizzard). It was very cold. And when he departed, the Rabbit went with him. The Rabbit was very active: he continued going and running very far ahead (of the Winter); and he was coming back repeatedly; he also went running many times around the Winter, as he moved along. "The person in motion is truly active!" thought the Winter. By and by he (the Rabbit) scared up a deer. "Oho! O mother's brother! a deer has reached you; shoot it!" said the Rabbit. "No, such I do not seek," said the Winter. And the Rabbit thought, "What can he be seeking?" After a while the Rabbit (in moving along) discovered some men. "Oho! O mother's brother! some men have come to you." "Yes, such only do I seek," said the Winter. And he killed them. He carried the (dead) men homeward on his back. When he reached home with them on his back, he boiled the men. "Hurry for your nephew; I think that he is very hungry," said the Winter (to his wife). She cooked them until they were done. They filled for him (the Rabbit) a dish with the human fresh meat. " I am not accustomed to eating such (food)," said the Rabbit. He gave it back to them. When the provisions had been devoured, again the Winter spoke of going hunting. "Let us go, Rabbit," said the Winter. "No, O mother's brother! you go alone," said the Rabbit. The Winter, having made cold (weather) again, went again. When he had gone, the Rabbit questioned the Winter's wife. "O father's sister! what does my mother's brother fear ?" "Your mother's brother has nothing to fear." No, O father's sister! even I have something to fear. How is it possible for my mother's brother to have nothing to fear?" Your mother's brother has nothing to fear," said the woman. "No, O father's sister! even I am used to being scared. How is it possi- ble for my mother's brother to have nothing to fear?" "Yes, your mother's brother fears the head of a Rocky Mountain sheep." "Yes, just so I thought it might be," said the Rabbit. Having found one, he killed it. Having cut off its head with a knife, he carried it homeward on his back. The Winter reached his home. "In which direction has the Rabbit gone ?" "He has just gone out (of the lodge)," said the woman. After a while, when it was dusk, the Rabbit reached home. "0 mother's brother! that round object by you is the head of a Rocky Mountain sheep," said he. When he had thrown it suddenly toward him (the Winter), the Winter became altogether dead; only the woman remained. Therefore, from that cause (or, from that time), it has not been very cold, as a rule. HOW THE RABBIT CAUGHT THE SUN IN A TRAP. HOW THE RABBIT CAUGHT THE SUN IN A TRAP. OBTAINED FROM FRANK LA FIACHE. Egife Mactcin'ge akg i[a"' (inkd ena-qtci ifge jiigig~ -biama. Ki It came to Rabbit the hi grand- the (st. only very he dwelt he with his they say. And pass (sub.) mother ob.) in a lodge own han'egantc6'-qtci-hnan' 'abae ahf-biama. Ha"'egantco'-qtci a#a-bi ctwwa"' morning very early habitually hunting he went thither, Morning very early he went, they notwith- they say. say standing nikacinga wi"' si sned6'-qti-hna" sfgie aiA-bitiamA. Ki fbahan gan"A- 3 person one foot long very habitu- trail had gone, they say. And to know he wished ally him biama. Niacinga i"n in"ta" witan in bto tA mike, eodgan-biami. Ha"'- they say. Person the now I-first I go will I who, he thought they say. Morn- (my.) egantc6'-qtci -X han-bi egao' aoA-biama. Ci igide nikacinga amA sigte ing very early he arose they having he went, they say. Again it came to person the (my.) trail say pass aA-bitdama. Egide aki-biam6. GA-biama: [a"nh, witan"i" b6 a[fdaxe 6 he had gone, they say. It came to he reached home, He said as follows, 0 grand- I-first I go I make for pass they say. they say: mother, myself ctiwa"' nikaci"ga wi"' a"'aqai aai te a"'. XanhA, uqfanoe dAxe tA notwith- person one getting ahead he has gone. 0 grandmother, a snare I make will standing of me mike, ki boize ta mike ha. Atan jan tada"', A-biamA wa'uijinga akA. I who, and I take will I who Why you do should ? she they say old woman the. him it said Niaci"ga ifAt'ab04 ha, A-biamA. Ki Mactcin'ge aoA-biamA. AOA-bi [i 9 Person I hate him he they say. And Rabbit he went they say. He went, when said they say ci sigte 0d t- amA. Ki ha"' t6 ioApe jan'-biama. Man'de-[a"n an ukinacke again train it had gone, they And night the waiting he lay they say. Bow-string the noose say. for gaxA-biamnA If, sige (d-hnan t6 6'di iean' a-biamA. Egioe han'egantc6'- he made they say when, trail went habitu- the there he put it they say. It came to very early in the it ally paks qtci uNia"ee Oan gila"'be ahi-biama. Egioe Mi"n an izd akAma. Tanin"'- 12 morning snare the to see his own he ar- they say. It came to Sun the e had taken, they Running rived pass say. qtci u0A agoA-biami. Ia"hA, indAdan dinte boize 6dega" an'baaze-hna"' very to tell he went they say. 0 grandmother what (thing) it may I took but me it scared habitu- homeward be ally ha, A-biamA. XHa"h, man'de-[a"n an agofze kan"bodegan an'-baaze- he they say. 0 grandmother, bow-string the I take my I wished-but me it soared said own hna"'i ha, A-biamA. MAhi" agin-bi ega"' 6'di a&a-biamA. Ki eca"'-qtci 15 habitually he they say. Knife he had they having thither he went they say. And near to very said say it ahi-biamA. Pfiaji ckAxe. EAtan Igan ckAxe A. E'di gi-adan in"'ickA-ga he ar- they say. Bad you do. Why so you do I There be com- and untie it for me rived ing back hA, A-biamA Mi"' akA. Mactcin'ge akA 6'di aoA-bi ctewan' nan'pa-bi egan' he they say Sun the. Rabbit the thither went they notwith- he feared the seen having said say standing danger, they say 14 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. hdbe ihe afd-hna"-biam. KI :qu'6' af6-bi ega"' m4sa-biamA man'de-qa" partly he he went habitu- they say. And rushing he went, they having he cut it they say bow-string passed ally with say bent head fan. Gan'ki Mi"' akA manciAha Ai64a-biami. Ki Mactcin'ge akA Abatqu the. And Sun the on high it had they say. And Rabbit the space be- gone tween shoulders 3 hi"' fan nazi-biamA, AnakadA-bi egan'. (Mactcif'ge ama aki-biamA.) I-tci- hair the burnt they say, it was hot on they having. (Rabbit the reached they say.) Itci- yellow it say home tcf+i! [anha, nafing6-qti-ma"' ha, A-biamA. j~ucpafan+! in'na~ing/'-qti-ma"' tciI 0 grand- burnt to very I am he they say. 0 grandchild! for me is burnt very Iam mother, nothing said to nothing eska"'+! A-biamA. Ceta"'. I think I she they say. So far. said NOTES. 13, 7. afai te a". The conclusion of this sentence seems odd to the collector, but its translation given with this myth is that furnished by the Indian informant. 13, 11. han+egautce-qtci. The prolongation of the first syllable adds to the force of the adverb "qtci." The translation may be given as e - ry early in the morning." 14, 1. hebe ihe afe-hnau-biama. The Rabbit tried to obey the Sun, but each time that he attempted it he was so much afraid of him that he passed by a little to one side. He could not go directly to him. 14, 2. manciaha aiafa-biama. When the Rabbit rushed forward with bowed head, and cut the bow-string, the Sun's departure was so rapid that "he had already gone on high." 14, 3. Itcitci+, an intj., showing that the speaker was in pain, caused in this case from the heat of the Sun's rays. See myth of the Sun and Moon. The sentence at the end of the translation was given in (egiha by the narrator; but the collector failed to write it. Hence it has no equivalent in the text. TRANSLATION. Once upon a time the Rabbit dwelt in a lodge with no one but his grandmother. And it was his custom to go hunting very early in the morning. No matter how early in the morning he went, a person with a very long foot had been along, leaving a trail. And he (the Rabbit) wished to know him. "Now," thought he, "I will go in advance of the person." Having arisen very early in the morning, he departed. Again it happened that the person had been along, leaving a trail. Then he (the Rabbit) went home. Said he, "Grandmother, though I arrange for myself to go first, a person anticipates me (every time). Grandmother, I will make a snare, and I will catch him." "Why should you do it?" said she. "I hate the person," he said. And the Rabbit departed. When he went, again had the footprints gone along. And he lay waiting for night (to come). And he made a noose of a bow-string, putting it in the place where the footprints used to be seen. And it came to pass that he reached there very early in the morning for the purpose of looking at his trap. And it happened that he had caught the Sun. Running very fast, he went homeward to tell it. Said he, "Grandmother, I have caught something or other, but it scares me." "Grand- mother I wished to take my bow-string, but I was scared every time," he said. He went thither with a knife. And he got very near it. "You have done wrong. Why HOW THE RABBIT KILLED THE BLACK BEARS. have you done it? Come hither and untie me," said the Sun. The Rabbit, although he went thither, was afraid, and kept on passing partly by him (or, continued going by a little to one side). And making a rush, with his head bent down (and his arm stretched out), he cut the bow-string with the knife. And the Sun went on high. And the Rabbit had the hair between his shoulders scorched yellow, it having been hot upon him (as he stooped and cut the bow-string). (And the Rabbit arrived at home.) "I am burnt. 0, grandmother! the heat has left nothing of me," said he. She said, "Oh, my grandchild I think that the heat has left to me nothing of him!" (From that time the rabbit has had a singed spot on his back, between the shoulders.) HOW THE RABBIT KILLED THE BLACK BEARS OMAHA VERSION, BY J. LA FI~CHE. Mactcin'ge amA i[a"' ea"ba 6df akima ligge jdigigAe. Rabbit the his grand- too there was, they he dwelt with hi mother say in a lodge own faoa% t~ji-A h6', i[a"' akA egA-biam&. WasAbe amA nikaci"ga the to go not his grand- the she said that to Black bear the (pl.) men mother him, theysay. h6. E'di daji-a h6'. I'iqqa taf he. WasAbe nikagahi inkB There go not They laugh will Black bear chief the at you Wasabe fi Black bear vil- lage waw4qaqai they are laughers at them IAhe cdhioe- 3 hill that dis- tant Oan'di 4fi hM, A-biamA. E'la aji-a he', A-biamA. Egife man'de gfiza-bi the (cv.) he she they say. Thither go not she they say. It came to bow he took his at pitches said said pass own, they say his tent ega' 6'di a~A-biama Mactcin'ge. WasAbe nikagahi having there he went they say Rabbit. Black bear chief the-to Rabbit amA 6'di abi-biama. jijdbe 6'di a-f-najin' xag4 gaxa-biamA Mactcifi'ge. 6 the there ar- they say. Door there he came to when crying he made they say Rabbit. (my.) rived and stood at Mactcin'ge, eAta" faxAge 4, A-biamA Wasabe akA. An'han-negiha-wa- Rabbit, why you cry I he they say Black bear the. Yes 0 mother's old said brother 'ujinga aka--inigi-Wasabe-ifink6'a-malnin'-A h--af 4gan-anala/husai woman the your moth- Black bear the--to walk thou she having she scolded me her's brother said egan'-pi hl, A-biamA Mactcinf'ge akA. Egi e nan'de masAniala gifi'-gA 9 having I have he they say Rabbit the. It came to side of the on the other side sit thou been coming said pass lodge ha, A-biamA WasAbe akA. igife Mactein'ge 6'di gfi" fink amA. Ha"' he they say Black bear the. It came to Rabbit there he was sitting, they say. Night said pass w3i Mac tcin'ge Aci a A-biama. Aci ahf-bi ega"' !ij4be dgax6'-qti jA-biamA when Rabbit out of he they say. Out of ar- they having door round very dunged, they doors went doors rived say about say Mactcifi'ge akA. Hail ifig4 wiwila, a"'ba wfujafi'ga uAg a'A'a tal ha, 12 Rabbit the. Well feces my own, day as soon as you give the scalp- will yell 16 THE 3EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. A-biamA Mactcin'ge aka. he they say Rabbit the. said biam.A. they say. A"'ba wfuafiga ggife niaci"ga hggaji-qti ug6'a'A- Day as soon as it came person not a few very gave the to pass s calp-yell Negiha, nikacinga h4gact Iwan'ji cka"'awafaf ha, A-biami Ma- O mother's person a few-not at all they cause us to said they say Rab- brother move 3 ctcin'ge akA. bit the. Waskbe akA. Black bear the. u skdwa"-qti ajan' an'ja 6'be cka"'an1 tA, A-biamA a long while very I lie though who make me move shall said, they say ]de niacinga hdgaji-qti ug~A'a'a-biamA bgdiga-qti. But person not a few very gave the scalp- they say all very. sell Gafi'ki And Aci afa-biama Wasabe ama, nikaci"ga-bi e6gan-bi ega"'. Aci hi wiuan- out of went they say Black bear the (my.), person (See Note). thought they having. Out of ar- as soon doors say doors rived ti gA-qti WasAbe t'da-biamA Mactcifi'ge akA. Negfha, t'~ i6-qti-an'i, A-bi- as very Black bear he killed, they say Rabbit the. O mother's they kill very said, they brother thee amA Mactcin'ge akA. say Rabbit the. T'[ a-bi ega"' agfa-biama. Killed they having he went they say. him say homeward Ki 1i tW'ja aki-biama. And lodge at the he reached home, they say. )aa"nh, WasAbe nikagahi t'da6A ha, A-biamA. Aqtan t'6wa#A~ ta. T'4c6 te O grand- Black bear chief I have he they say. Howpossi- you kill them shall? Killing the mother killed him said ble 9 pibaji hb, A-biamA. XanhA, t'fao ha. Angaoe tai, A-biamA. (See W aji"- bad she they say. O grand. I have We go will, he they say. said mother, killed him said ska's version.) W a'ifjinga e'di jigpe ahi-biamt Xa"ha, ced ha, a-biama. Old woman there she with arrived, they say. 0 grand- that he they say. him mother is it said A"'han icpaea"', ca"' hU, A-biamA. cAda-bi ega"' 'i"' agfA-biama. Yes O grandchild, enough said they say. Carved they having carry- theywenthome- she, it say ing on ward, they say. the back 12 bi 3I Mactcin'ge afA-biamA WasAbe can'de ain:'-bi ega'. Was they when Rabbit went they say Black bear scrotum he had they having. Black say say Akf- Reached home ibe fii bear vil- lage fa"nA ahi-bi qi, Mactcin'ge tf ha, Mactcif'ge ti ha, A-biamA. Za'6'-qti- the--to ar- they when, Rabbit has I Rabbit has said they say. Uproar very rived say come come a"'-biamA. An'ha", atf ha. Iubja at they say. Yes, I have I tell I ha come news comn 15 Mactcin'ge fu a ti 46 ha, A-biamA. Rabbit to tell has he said they say. news come says i ha, A-biamA Mactcifi'ge akA. ve said they say Rabbit the. 0e Had ! Well! WasAbe bd6ga-qti 6'di ahi-biamA. Black bear all very there ar- they say. rived Akid-qti ahi-biamA Standing very ar. they say closetogether rived ifala. at the lodge KE, fu(-ga ha', A-biamA. Come, tell the news said they say. they A"'ha", iub a tA Yes, I tell will news mike ha, A-biama Mactcii'ge akA. WasAbe nikagahi uiju fink6 nikacinga I who .said they say Rabbit the. Black bear chief princi- the person pal 18 Ahigl-qti 6'di ahi-bi ega"' t'dfa-biamA, A-biamA Mactcin'ge akA. Nikagahi many very there ar- they having they they say, said they say Rabbit the. Chief rived say killed him anguiai t'da-biamA, A-biamn WasAbe ami. our they have they say, said they say Black bear the (pl.) killed him WasAbe amA bdAga-qti xagA- Black bear the (pl.) all very cried HOW THE RABBIT KILLED THE BLACK BEARS. biamA. Nikagahi -iju t'd~ikifai hnankicg, can'de (an c6 ha, a-bi ega"', they say. Chief princi- they killed for y who are, scrotum the that is said they having, pal you it say wkti"-biamA. Hau he hit them with it, Well they say. ! Mactcin'ge dwani ha. Rabbit caused it (liqa-ba t' ai-ga ha, A-biam6. Chase and kill him .said they say. him Wdahid6'-qti-Aiahi uqoA-bi ega"' t'(da-biamA. Jiga bfaga ficpAcpa-qti Far away very at it ar- overtook they having killed they say. Body whole pulled into very riving him say him small pieces egan' a"'fa-biamA. I[a"' aifinkdi [Aci kf-iaji ama Mactcifnge Ga" iyan' having threw they say. His grand- the-to a long reached they Rabbit. And hisgrand- away mother while home, not say mother aka ugine a(p gan"a-biamA. Wa'iujinga aka uqdqaha an' giza-bi ega"' the to seek to go wished they say. Old woman woma nomans bag the took her they having her own own say Mactcin'ge ugine a(A-biamA. Rabbit to seek went they say. her own Agudi t'di t'qdai t6 3anbe tdgan uAne b46d 6 In what the-in theyilled the I see it in order I seek it I am place him that going he, A-biamA wa'ijinfga aka. E'di ahf-bi ega"' (icpAcpai gO bahi-bi ega"' said they say old woman the. There ar. they having pieces pulled the picked they having she rived say apart up say uq iqaha fa" uji maniin-bi t'di, A"'ha", Mactcin'ge, naxfde- ifin'ge. j1i woman's bag he filling walked they when, Yes, Rabbit, inner-ear hee-none. Lodge say gAama naxfde-(in'gai dga" 'di (aji-A h e, eh (a ca"' cf gan tc'diai. 9 those they are disobedient as there go not I said i the yet you as they killed past went you. Ag(A-biamA wa'ujinga, uqfiqaha (a"' gi'in'-bi ega"'. Aki-bi ega"' ijiha Went homeward, old woman, woman's bag the carried on they having. Reached they having sack they say her back say home say fa"n gamu-bi egan' Mactcifi'ge nin'a-biama. f.a"ba"n (ji-a hM. Ifi a"n the emptied by having Rabbit alive they say. A second time go not Village the pouring out naxfde-in'fgai hM, A-biamA. Mactcin'ge akA, B, o tA mike, eega"-biam6. 12 they are disobedient said they say. Rabbit the, I go will I who, he thought they say. she Man'de gifza-bi ega"' apA-biama Wasabe 4fi a"n ahi-bi tW'di Wasabe Bow took his they having went they say. Black bear village the arrived, when Black bear own say they say wi" han'bpa-biama. Wasabe xag6'-qti-hna"' naji'-biamA. Ci, ata" aja"', one had a dream, they say. Black bear crying very habitu- stood they say. And why you do ally it? A-biamA. Ha"'abt4-de piaji hegaji if.hanbf4 ha. B i^ga-qti t'awaoaf said, they say. I had a dream but bad not a little I dreamed about it All very they killed us i6Ahanbfd ha. A"'ha", wi cti 't'da"n ai ia hanb(4 ha, A-biamA. tJan"ii'ge I dreamed about Yes, I too me-they I dreamed about said they say. To no purpose it killed it he haneabdI ha. Aqta" bfiga t'dawA 6 tAba. Wasabe ama nfkacinga end- you hada How possi- all they kill us shall? Black bear the (pl.) human beings alone dream ble qti wApata-biamai; Ada" Mactcin'ge nikaci"ga wiuki-bi eg'' b(pfga-qti 18 very theyate theysa ththerefore Rabbit mankind sided with them, having all very them they say t'ewae6 gan ia-biama. Wasabe iii (a" 'di ahf-bi ega"' ha"'da" 4ii fa" to kill them desired they say. Black bear village the there arrived, having night-during village the they say dgax6-qti jA-biama Mactcin'ge aka. round very dunged, they Rabbit the. about say VOL. VI-2 Hait! ingg4 wiwifa, an'ba sa"' tihe Well! feces my own, day distant ap- white preaches suddenly 3 18 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. 1[i ug#A'a'i-gA, A-biama. Wasabe bfiiga t'danwa"'Q tai ha A-biami. when give ye the scalp-yell, said, they say. Black bear all we kill them will said they say. Wita~ i"n'-qti wa'i"'aba" tA mike hA. Rikita" ugfa'a'Ai-gh ha, a-biama. I at the first very I give the attack- will I who At the same give ye the scalp- said they say. ing cry time yell 3 An'ba 'waiafiga wa'i"'ban-biama Mactcin'ge aka. Bfiga-qti ugfA'a'a- Day as soon as he gave the at- they say Rabbit the. All very they gave the tacking cry scalp-yell biamA niaci"ga amA. WasAbe b iUga Aci ahi-biama. B iiga-qti t'gwaai- they say person the (pl.). Black bear all out of they came, they All very they killed doors say. them biama Wasabe-mA. Nuga wi" ni"'iga win edAbe ugacta-biami. WasAbe they say Black bear the Male one female one also remained they say. Black bear (pl.). 6 na"'ba-mA Mactcin'ge Afau -biama. two the Rabbit them he took hold (pl.) of, they say. Mactcin'ge ama iwakiA-biama Wa- Rabbit the talked with they say Black (my.) them sAbe-mA (ipibaji ega"' wag~icka ena-qti wahnAte taitd, A-biama. bear the You bad being insect only very you eat shall surely, said they say. (pl.). he WanAxi fifin'ge taitd. I"'nanhA windgi edAbe ( fate taitd. Wasabe Spirit you have shall surely. My mother my mother's also they eat shall surely. Black bear none brother you 9 epfge taitd. they say shall to you surely. Mauin'i ga. Walk ye. NOTES. 15, 2. ega-biama, fr. ege: to be distinguished from ga-biama. 15, 3. dahe cehileandi. Let A denote the place of the speaker; B, dahe ceke, that visible long hill, a short distance off; b, dahe cea", that visible curvilinear hill, a short distance off; C, dahe cehike, that visible long hill, reaching a point farther away; c, dahe cehiau" ditto, if curvilinear; D, dahe cehieek6, that visible long hill, extending beyond dahe ceke, and dahe cehike; d, dahe cehifefa", that visible curvilin- ear hill, extending beyond dahe ce an and dahe cehifa". A (line of vision) B. - -- - - DI ; A (line of vision) - - B ----- D ; or, A (line of vision) --- -- -- ------. 15, 7. aehan--negiha, etc. The Rabbit spoke as children sometimes do when crying. 16, 1. hegajiqti, pronounced he+gajiqti by the narrator. 16, 2. hegactewa"ji, pronounced he+gactewanji by the narrator. 16, 4. bfugaqti, pronounced bfu+gaqti by the narrator. 16, 5. niacinga-bi efegan-bi egan. The -bi after niacinga shows that the Black bear, while he thought that there were men outside, had not seen them. See the Oto version of this myth, to appear hereafter in "The jaiwere Language, Part I." TRANSLATION. There was a Rabbit and his grandmother, too; he dwelt in a lodge with her. His grandmother said that to him: "Go not to the village of Black bears. The Black bears are abusers of men. Go not thither. They will abuse you. The Black bear Ceta"'. So far. HOW THE RABBIT KILLED THE BLACK BEARS. chief has a lodge on a hill extending beyond that one in sight. Do not go thither," said she. And taking his bow, the Rabbit went thither. The Rabbit reached the chief of the Black bears. When he got there, and was standing by the door, the Rabbit pretended to be crying. "Rabbit, why do you cry?" said the Black bear. "Yes,-O mother's brother-the old woman-said-' Go to-your mother's brother- the Black bear'-and, having-scolded me-I have been coming hither," he said. At length the Black bear said, "Sit by the side of the lodge on the other side of (the fire- place)." And it came to pass that the Rabbit was sitting there. At night the Rabbit went out of the lodge. Having gone outside, the Rabbit dunged all around the door. "Well, my own fecess" said the Rabbit, "you will please give the scalp-yell as soon as it is day." As soon as it was day, behold, a very great multitude of persons gave the scalp-yell. "0 mother's brother! an exceedingly large number of men dislodge us," said the Rabbit. "Though I should lie here a very long period (or, for many years), who could possibly dislodge me (or, cause me to move)?" said the Black bear. But every one of a large number of persons gave the scalp-yell many times. And thinking that it was people, the Black bear went out of the lodge. The Rabbit killed (wounded) the Black bear just as soon as he got outside. 0 mother's brother! they have indeed killed you," said the Rabbit. Having killed him, he went home ward. And he reached his home at the lodge. "0 grandmother! I have killed the Black bear chief," said he. '"How would it be possible for you to kill him? To kill him is bad (or difficult)," she said. ".Grandmother, I have killed him. Let us go (thither)," said he. The old woman arrived there with him. (See Waji"ska's version.) "Grandmother, this is he." Yes, my grandchild, it will do," said she. Having cut up the body, they carried it homeward on their backs. When they reached home, the Rabbit departed, carrying the scrotum of the Black bear. When he reached the village of the Black bears, they said: "The Rabbit has come! The Rabbit has come!" They made a great uproar. "Yes, I have come to tell news," said the Rabbit. "Halloo! the Rabbit has come, he says, to tell news." All of the Black bears went thither (to the lodge where the Rabbit was). They were at the lodge in great crowds. "Come, tell us the news," said they. Yes, I will tell the news," said the Rabbit. "A great many persons, it is said, went to the principal chief of the Black bears, and killed him," said the Rabbit. "Our chief has been killed," said the Black bears. All the Black bears cried. "Ye who have had your head-chief killed, here is his scrotum." Having said this, he struck them with it. "Halloo! The Rabbit is to blame. Chase him and kill him," said they. They got to a place at a very great distance, and overtaking him, they laid hold of him, and killed him. They tore all of his body into small fragments, and threw them away. When a great while had elapsed, the Rabbit had not come home to his grandmother. And his grandmother wished to go and seek for him. The old woman took her bag, and went to search for the Rabbit. Said the old woman, "I go to search for him, that I may see the place where he was killed." Having reached there, she picked up the scattered pieces; and as she walked along putting them into the bag, she was saying: "Yes, Rabbit, you were disobedient. I-said 'Those villagers are disobedient, so do not go thither'. Yet you went, and they killed you." The old woman went homeward, carrying the bag on her back. When she reached home, she poured out on the ground the contents of the bag, and the Rabbit was alive. "Go no more. The villagers are disobedient," she said. "I will go," thought the Rabbit. He seized his bow and 20 THE (OEGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. departed. When he reached the Black bears' village, one Black bear had dreamed (or, had had a dream). The Black bear stood crying bitterly. They said, "Why do you do it?" Said he, "I dreamed, but I dreamed about something extremely bad. I dreamed that we were all killed. Yes, I dreamed that I too was killed." "You dreamed to no purpose. How could we all be killed?" The Black bears ate only human beings; therefore, the Rabbit, siding with mankind, wished to kill all of them. The Rabbit, having reached the Black bears' village, dunged all around it during the night. "Well! my own faces," said he, "give ye the scalp-yell at early dawn. Let us kill all the Black bears. I will at the first give the signal for the attack. Do ye, at the same time, give the scalp-yell." As soon as it was day, the Rabbit gave the signal for the attack. The whole party of men gave the scalp-yell. All the Black bears came out. All of the Black bears were killed. One male and one female were left. The Rabbit took hold of the Black bears. The Rabbit talked with the Black bears: "You were bad, so you shall eat nothing but insects. You shall have no spirits (minds). My mothers and my mothers' brothers (that is, men and women, the whole human race) shall eat you. You shall be called Black bears (wa-sabe, the black animals). Walk ye (or depart ye)." -HOW THE RABBIT KILLED THE BLACK BEARS. OMAHA VERSION, BY WAJIn'SKA. Mactcin'ge iqan"' finkk jiigig e ahf-biamA Rabbit his grand- the he with his ar- they say. mother own rived k6 'in'-ga, a'-biamA. j'icpaoa"+! wakan'da-i the carry on said they say. 0 grandchild he makes himself a your back, he 3 ja"'i. A"nan'-qiqfxe taf. Ub i'age, A-biamA. he lies. Me with crnsh many will. I am unwilling, said they say. his leg times she 'in'-ga ha, A-biamA. WijucpA! ig(an'(in, A-bi carry on said they say. My grandchild! you are silly, said th your back he she taf; skige ho, A-biama. Qa-f! A-biamA, 4wafa' will; heavy said the say. What! said they say, where-the she he Gan'ki, yanhA, ;e-jiga And grand- buffalo thigh mother, (upper leg) ai Adan na"pewaA'-qtci deity therefore dangerous very a Le K6', 3[anh4, can ee-ftin Come, grandmother, then buffalo rib mA. 'id i an a nbiteitcfje y say. Side the me pressing on break in a a'i"' te, A-biamA. you carry will, said they say. on your back he Gan, And, 6 dA (an 'in'-ga ha, ci A-biama. jficpaan"! hi k6 pai, dgie au"'aqiqfxe taf, head the carry on again said they say. 0 grandchild! teeth the sharp, beware, me they crush will, your back he lest by biting A-biam4. Nan'-ape tcabe, a-biama. Ki,Ha a a"nha, ie-man'ge ko 'il'-ga said she, they I am afraid of very said they say. And, Ho! grandmother, buf- breast the carry on say. them she falo your back ha, a-biamA. jficpa an'! c46 h6, a-bia.m Gan'ki jd k6 ui4ha gaxA- said they say. 0 grandchild! that is it said they say. And mem- the joined to it he made he she brum virile HOW THE RABBIT KILLED THE BLACK BEARS. biama. ]i gfia-biama wa'tijifga. Gan, ke', ianhA, mang ifn'-gai h~. they say. That she re- they say old woman. And, come, grandmother, begone joiced 'In'-adan mafgfif'-ga ha, A-biama Mactcif'ge akA. [Egife min'dabe na"b . Carry and begone said, they say Rabbit the. [At length hour two it on your back tW'di] uqfd cakf ta mike, A-biama. Iba"' akA 'i"' aga-biamA. Ki gafiki 3 at the] quickly I come will I who, said I who. His grand- the carry- went homeward, And then home to mother ingon they say. yon herback uqfiiqa dami ddega" gasnin g ifa"' agfaf gan'ki j6 k6 u[fdahA-qti i"je fan hollow going down but slipped suddenly went and mem- the pushed itswayvery vagina the hill brum irie far i#f#e-hnan'-biamA. U-ii+! e-hnan-biamA. Gan'ki i~pcpa 6'di agfA-biama. went habitu- they say. Oh! oh! said only they say. And her arand- there went homeward, suddenly ally child, they say. Egife fgifA-biamA. Gija"'ba-biama. Ibeta" ag4A-biama. Pfiji inahi" 6 It came to he found they say. He saw his they say. Passing went they say. Bad truly pass his own own wa'ujinga gAxai, edigan agai-biamA. old woman did, thinking went homeward they say. ctceifge-i"' amA. bit the. manhni"', A-biamA. you walk, said they say. he around homeward Gafiki 4f tola akf-biamA Ma- And lodge the-at reached home, Rab- they say Gafi'ki iian' amA gan't -qti akf-biama. Gan, Eatan And his grand- the a while very reached home, And Why mother (my.) they say. ILlcpagan+! C ji"n jifi'ga ikAgewaoage ama af'kipai 9 0 grandchild! Pawnee young you have them for the (pl.) they met me friends ega"' juan'gfe adk; waqatankidaf ega"' ag~f-maji. having with me they they caused me to eat having I did not come reached home; home. Gafnki ki amA [i And reached they when home say gan'ki iha"' inkd wakdga, 6-biamrA. then his grand- the sick, she said, they say. mother 1[a"' #ifikd wami-4g~an gi6xa-biami. His grand- the blood diaper (?) he made they say. mother for her Wamf hdbe gianfa Blood piece he threw on her Nanhd, pfijI'-qtci Grandmother, bad very tta-biama. sent they say. forcibly ekdxe. Aci 12 you d(id. Out of doors ma"~in'-ga. walk. ga ha, A-bias own said they XanhA, aci uhan'-ga. CU-an wa.4 i'i"n e-man'ge Aci gAta- Grandmother, out of cook. That (ev. you carried it buf- breast out of eat your doors ob.) on your back falo doors mA. j;icpaca."+! t'eAgiAi'-qti-ma" enA, A-biami Ega" tatd, say. O grandchild! I kill my own very I do 1 said they say. So it shall be, ifign"'+! A-biamA Mactcif'ge i[an' akA. O first son! said, they say Rabbit his grand- the. mother NOTES. The above fragment of this myth was given by Wajin/ska, an Omaha. Mr. La- F1lche admitted that there was such a part, but thought it could be omitted. 21, 2. egife mindanbe nanba tedi. This is evidently a modern addition, made by the narrator. 21, 11. wami hebe, etc. The Rabbit took some coagulated blood from the piece of the Black bear, and threw it suddenly against his grandmother, causing thereby the first attack of the catamenia. From that time women have been so affected; and, as in the case of the old woman they have been compelled to stay out of the lodge during that period. 22 THE 4EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. TRANSLATION. The Rabbit arrived there (where he had killed the Black Bear chief) with his grandmother. And, "Grandmother, carry the thigh on your back," he said. "O grandchild! he made himself a god, therefore he is very dangerous, even when he is lying down. He might crush me with his leg. I am unwilling," said she. "Come, grandmother!" said he, "then carry the ribs on your back." "My grandchild, you are foolish. The ribs will break in my side; they are heavy," she said. "What! where is the part which you will carry on your back?" he said. And, "Carry," said he, the head on your back." O grandchild! the teeth are sharp, and they might crush me," she said. "I am very much afraid of them," said she. And he said, "Come, grandmother, carry the breast on your back." "O grandchild! that is it," said she. And he made the membrum virile to be with it. The old woman rejoiced on account of that. And the Rabbit said, "Come, grandmother, begone. Carry it on your back and begone." "By and by [in two hours] I will come home to you quickly," said he. His grandmother went homeward carrying it on her back. And then she would have gone down hill at a valley, but she slipped suddenly as she went homeward, and the mem- brum virile penetrated as far as the os tince. U-ii+ !" she continued saying. And her grandchild came to her on his way home. At length he found her. He saw her. He passed around (avoided) her, and went homeward. "The old woman has done very wrong," thought he as he went homeward. And the Rabbit reached his home at the lodge. And after a great while his grandmother arrived at home. And he said, "Why have you been walking?" (Or, "What was the matter with you ") "O grand- child! some young Pawnees, your friends, having met me, went home with me (that is, they took her to their home). As they made me eat, I did not come home." And when they reached home his grandmother said that she was sick. He threw pieces of blood on her with sudden force. He made a catamenial cloth for his grandmother. "Grandmother, you have done very wrong. Go out of doors. Grandmother, cook out of doors. Eat your own piece out of doors, that breast which you carried on your back," said he. "O grandchild! I have killed my own (relation or property)!" said she. "It shall surely be so, Ifngaan," said the Rabbit's grandmother. HOW THE RABBIT KILLED A GIANT. OBTAINED FROM FRANK LAFL~CHE. TLAqti-gikidabi aka Odedi akama. Wanila dadan t'dwadai ctgwa"' Deer-the-shoot-for- the there was, they Animal what they killed notwithstand- him say. ing inaIpe-hnan/i 'f-biama. Ki ma tfhe amai 1 cka"n'e aa-biama. Ki fearing him habitu- they gave to him, And snow was lying, they when to dislodge went they say. And on account ally they say. say (game) of it 3 Mactcif'ge-i"' amA cti 6'di aa-biama. Gata"'-qti t'dwa4e etgga"i aha" .Rabbit the (my.) too there went they say. At last to kill them apt I HOW THE RABBIT KILLED A GIANT. e 'egan-bi pi 6'di aft-biami LAqti-gikidabi akA. thought they when there be went, they say jaqti-gikidabi the. he say Ki Mactcinge-i"' ama And Rabbit the (my.) quci wan 'an-bi egan' a'di aa-biama. igif e nfacinga nan'ba iaqti kfde sound of he heard they having there went they say. It came to person two deer shooting shooting say pass t'd6 akAma, dAda-bAji naji"' akAma. Kagdha, didegan'i-gg ha. Eata" 3 had killed it, they say, cutting it not were standing, they say. Friend, do cut ye it Why (anajini a, Ab ega" d6ade Atiae-q~'ti-a -biam Kagdha, 4ga"i 6degan doye stand ? said, they having to cut it lie began very they say. Friend, it is so but say up quickly jaqti-gikidAbi arn wia"nanpaf ha. Ci+cte! A-biama Mactcin'ge-i"' akA. jaqti-gikidabi the we fear them Fie! said, they say Rabbit the. Laqti-gikidAbi it'e ifg4 ada" nan"'apaf a. JAdai-ga. WaA'in taf ha, 6 Laq'i-gikidabi death hehasnone there- you fear him I Cut ye it up. You carry it will fore on your backs a-biamA. said they say. he gikidAbi gikidabi tl Gai'ki dadab ega"' u'i" [i xa-biami. (icta"'-qti-bi 3qi JL qti- And cut it up, having packs made for they say. They fin- very they when jaqti- they say themselves ished sa. amA ati-biamn KIi ~iqti duiba mf-wagan"-mAma. jLckahi e (my.) had come, they And deer four he was carrying them in his Oak tree say. belt, as he moved. janga-qti man'do a.in' amama. Anuan"'ana"'pa-bdji ifanahin'i large very bow he was having, they Are ye not afraid of me ye truly say. hnankac' donini a. ye who ye are that ? Cdaka Mactcin'ge-i"' akA dAde wAgaji That one Rabbit the to cut it told us up ha, A-biamA nanbA aka. Eatan an" c'aj6'-qtci-i a, 6-biamA. said, they say two the. Why do ye take it in my pres- I said they say. enee. without hesitation he pqji'-qtci! ict afnn'ga peji'-qtci! i jAa p6ji'-qtci! Ean'- bad very! eye big bad very! mouth forked bad very What gi A-biamA Ma.ctcin'ge-in' akA Q~iiji najin'-ga. said, they say Rabbit the. Uttering stand. nothing Ci+cte! wami anwan'bitafi'ga. (ikli a-gA, #i] Fie I blood press me down in. Hurry, a"wa"'bitanf'-g ehi ha, jaqti-gikidjabi-a. press me down in I say Iaqti-gikidabi O! biamnl jfaqti-gikidAbi aka. they say laqti-gikidabi the. Rushing Wami A6ahahI-qtci Blood streaming from him in all directions aka. Ci+cte! ab ega"' ci aki a-biam& LAqti-gf the. Fie I said, they having again he attacked him, iaqti-g say they say q rea (person) a. Wi"'avwa 9 ? Which ega"' a"ddadi having we cut it up Mactcin'ge-i"' Rabbit ti donin" Ada", 12 t that yo ? are Egite wami uwidita" td. Beware blood I press you lest. down in k6ia-ga eh6 ha. Wami hurry, I say Blood a(ab ega"' wami ubitan- 15 went, they having blood pressed say him down in n/" n paha -biamA Mactcif'ge-iu' arose they say Rabbit ikidabi akA. (Vdama nan'- ikidabi the. These fear thee because they do not attack habitu- I I fear the not because I attack thee will I who. thee ally Q fliiji naji"'i-ga. Egige maxe widijan te ha. MAxe a"wa"'bijafn-ga. Uttering stand ye. Beware, sky I blow you lest Sky blow me into. no sound into (ikAua-gr j aqti-gikidabi-A. Hurry, ILaqti-gikidabi 01 Mactcin'ge-in' iiz4b egan' mixaja bihib a Rabbit he took, they having into the sky he blew say -him 24 THE JEGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. i a-biam6. NanjAjadje Ougf amA. Ki kaIf'g-qtci gf 3! ci bihifa with sud- they say. Kicking out his he coming And near very b h when again he blow den force legs hack. come back him ioda-biama. Can' dgan bihfia i060 najin'-biamani Lqti-gikidabi akA. with sud- they say. For some time he blew him withsud- he stood theysay asqti-gikidabi the. den force den force 3 Atan'-qti tan'de aata" otictcwan t'dwiA tA mike, A-biamA Mactcin'ge-i"' Whenever ground I tread soever I kill thee will I who, said, they say Rabbit on it akA IRgioe jAqti-gfkidAbi akA uj4da amA. Mactcif'ge-i"' akA tan'de k6 the. It came to laqti.gikidabi the was weary they say. Rabbit the ground the pass Ata"-biama. Ki man'd6 kg gifza-biama. Ki LAqti-gikid4bi kida-biama. trod on they say. And bow the took his they say. And iaqti-gikidabi he shot they say. own at 6 Ki ictd-qti 0an 'u-biama. Ki LAqti-gikidAbi t'4 amA. Ki 0ama ta"'- And eye very the he wounded him, And laqti-gikidabi was dead, they And these na- they say. say. wainga"' amA gfg-qti-an'-biamA. Ki Mactcin'ge-i"' ama aggA-biami. tions the rejoiced very they say. And Rabbit the (my,) went homeward, they say. Akf-bi i'ji ila"' ak ededi akAma. )an"h, jAqti-gikidabi t'&dag hi, Reached when his grand- the there she was, Grandmother, inqti-gikidabi I killed home, they say mother they say. him 9 A-biamA. IctA pdji-qtci! ce t'06 fimakA-qtci-baji, A-biamA iba" akA. said they say. Eye bad very! that to kill easy very not, said they say his grand- the. he she mother Ia"nlh, t'fae-ga" che ha, a-biamAt Mactcin'ge-i' akA. Grand- I killed him so I say that said, they say Rabbit the. mother, NOTES. This is but a fragment of the original myth, being all that Frank remembered. He said that more followed the killing of the giant; and Mr. Sanssouci related a part that precedes what is given here. 23, 3. dadegani-gA, contr. from dade ega"i-gd. So ab egan, from a-bi ega"; dada-b egan, from dada-bi egan; apa-b ega", and piza-b ega", in this myth. 23, 11. apnac'aje, equal to ie t6 anonajuaji (in the 9th myth). TRANSLATION. There was (a giant called) laqti-gikidabi (He-for-whom-they-shoot-Deer). No mat- ter what animals they killed, they always gave them to him, being afraid of him (that is, afraid not to give him the game). And when snow was lying (on the ground), they went to dislodge the game from their coverts. And the Rabbit too went thither. And when he thought "At last they will be apt to kill him (jaqti-gikidabi)!" ;Laqti-gikidabi went thither. And the Rabbit heard the sounds of shooting; so he went thither. It came to pass that two men had shot and killed a deer; and were standing without cutting it up. "Friends, do cut it up. Why do you stand?" Having said this, he commenced very quickly to cut it up. "Friend, it is so, but we are afraid on account of jaqti-gikidabi." "For shame!" said the Rabbit. "Do you fear Ljaqti-gikidabi because he is immortal? Cut it up. You can carry it on your backs," said he. And having cut it up, they made packs for themselves. Just when they had finished it, HOW THE RABBIT WENT TO THE SUN. Laqti-gikidabi came. And he carried four deer in his belt. He walked, having a very large oak tree for a bow. "Are ye not truly afraid of me when ye see me? Which kind of persons are ye?" (said the giant). "That one, the Rabbit, commanded us to cut it up, and so we cut it up," said the two. "Why do ye take it before me, and that without hesitation?" said he. "You very bad Rabbit! You very bad big-eyes! You very bad forked-mouth!" "What great (man) are you (that you talk so? or, what is the great trouble that affects you, that you talk thus) "Stand still, else I will press you down in the blood" (said jaqti-gikidabi); "Shame on you! Press me down in the blood. Hurry, hurry! I say, you 1aqti-gikidabi!" Rushing on him, laqti-gikidabi pressed him down in the blood The Rabbit arose with the blood streaming from him in all directions. (The Rabbit) having said, "Shame on you!" lgaqti-gikidabi attached him again. "These fear you, so they do not attack you! I do not fear you, so I will attack you" (said the Rabbit). "Stand ye still, lest I blow you up into the sky" (said the giant). "Blow me up into the sky! Hurry, O jaqti-gikidabi!" Having seized the Rabbit, he blew him up into the sky with sudden force. He was coming down (hither, to earth) with his legs kicking out repeatedly. And when he (the Rabbit) had come back very near (to earth), he (the giant) blew him up again with sudden force. And so Laqti-gikidabi stood for some time, blowing him up into the sky again and again with sudden force. Whensoever I tread on the ground again I will kill you," said the Rabbit. It came to pass that jaqti-gikidabi was weary. The Rabbit trod on the ground. And he took his bow. And he shot at jLaqti-gikidabi. And he wounded him right in the eye. And Laqti-gikidabi was dead. And these nations rejoiced very much. And the Rabbit went homeward. When he arrived at home, his grandmother was there. Said he, "O grandmothlert I have killed gaqti-gikidabi." "You very bad eyes! It is not at all easy.to 1~ll'lhatpi d," o fii his grandmother. "Grandmother, I say that because I hv'W i1 h]im'," siid'the Abbit;.. =*', **'* '**. .** . .. :*. *..* .."*:*:.,. .::. :-. :. :: -..: :'...'OW TIFE *AiB'ITI'I WEINT TO THE SUN. "OBTAINED FROM NUDAn'-AXA. Pahafi'ga t'di a4A-biamA Mactciin'ge ama. y)a"h, mAca" uA[ine Before when went they say Rabbit the (my.). Grandmother, feathers I bunt for myself bd ta mike, a-biama. I~iatc' fciatc'd+! macan AwakO'di Amaki-qtci I go will I who said, they say. (Fern. inj. of wonder, &c.) feathers in what place easy very i ,a$, tadan'+, a-biamn Gan agA-biama, tan'de aoiti-qtci snao'snan-qtci 3 you find will said they say. And he went they say ground going by very level very she a near way ga" xag4 agA-biamd. Nigi-hau+!! ndgi-hau+!! d-hnan aoA-biami. Unai so crying he went they say. Mother's brother 0!l mother's brother 0 say- only he went they say Seeking ing him ama QioA am'a e ma"'xe ibisande atA-qti gawin'xe amnma. Ma"i"n'- the ones Eagle the (pl.) that sky pressing far very were flying round and round, They walked who against (beyond) they say. 26 THE Q(EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. biamA akiwa ca" 5i-dab|uwinxe ga" mani(i'-biamnl. (damA an'(ize tA they say both and turning themselves so they walked they say. These me-take will around amA, A-biamA. Hitan-hna"'-biamA Qifa ama: T-t-t-t-t, 6-hna"-biama. ]gi(e the (pl.) said they say Crying they say Eage the (pl.) said only they say. It came he they to pass 3 Ama amA idnaxife a-i-biama pahAciala. Ga" AizA-biama. Ga" a ui"' agpai' other the to attack was they say up above. And took they say. And having went one (my.) him coming him him homeward. tM. Ga" api"' aki-biama. Man'xe k6 pahAciala agin' aki-biamA. Egipe And having they reached home, Sky the up above having they reached home, It came him they say. (horizontal) him they say. to pass. ji. ededi td ama IndAdi wanAgee Adan inahin ai"n' gfi ha, A-biamA (Qi(A- lodge it was there they say. My father domestic ani- good truly having has come said they say (Eagle mal him home he 6 jinga aka). Ga", Jin"dha, qta"'ni6 tcAbe, a-biamA Qiijifnga akA. Ga"'- little the). And, 0 elder brother, we love thee very much, said, they say Eaglet the. I (mv.)- aiI"hd-hna" (a"'ja Obe qta"'1( tc6, A-biama (Mactcin'ge akA.). Ga" man 'goe for some only though who love me will, said they say (Rabbit the). And erect he jd-musnade ga" g#in'-(biamA). E qta4ai Qiiajinga ama, 1idan-qti-hnan/- on his hind legs thus sat (they say). That they loved Eaglets the (pl.) good very only 9 biama. Ga" gA-biamA: E awateta" (ati, A-biamA (Qipajinga aka). Ca"' gan' they say. And said as follows: That whence (?) have you said they say (Eaglet the). For no special they say: come he reason tan'de Ai4a manbi"n'-de (iadi gan a2'izai, A-biama. Gan, (PiAdi an'ba ata"' ground across by I walked when your thus took me, said they say. And, Your day what a near way father he father time te'di geif-hnai A, A-biama (Mactcin'ge aka). I"dAdi amA mi" Apa'ab6'-qti at has come habitu- ? said they say (Rabbit the). My father the sun going slanting very back ally he .* .., (mv.) 12 hi t'di 6'di ag(f-hna"i, maqpil. jiW'i. i& ia. ~ Bia.qtc6'-qtci editan ni arrives when then has come habitu- " there back ally '.* . wi`-0a,' -qtci uqpaAe.-hN an" 6gan.,.t'di .agf.fhnani, -'bi'am Egige one at a time very EWl4g so 1, tSvbf, .1uisTmne habitu- saidmt y.say. It came ..* : ,bc-i i ly he to pass ga-biama: Jiu6dha, Awatiga" pi cd egija", a-biama. A"'han,'-'biamA, e said as follows, 0 older brother, of what sort when that you do that said, they say. Yes, said, they say, this they say: 15 ancta"'bai t6 da (t a in"' an'kigpasan'dai, A-biama. Jin"dha, dga" wAxai-gA, me ye see the head the stone they lit me between said they say. 0 elder so treat us, (two stones) he brother, A-biami (Qi ajinga aka). said, they say (Eaglet the). tai, A-biama. will, said they say. he Wan'gipe ce pagpi"' te, a-biama. All that you sit will, said they say. he Gan" gan waxA-biama. And so he treated they say. them 18 isai'ga ifink ci 4gan his younger the again so brother gaqpi-biamAi. he killed they say. by hitting Ega" afgcin' So we sit Win' (ink tta,"1in gaqfxe p(pa-biamn ; One the him first he crushed sent they say; by hitting forcibly Ga" mica" w4AionudA-biama. Ki And feathers ho pulled them they say. And out u(fqpa(p (4a-biamA tan'de k6'qa. making fall by he sent they say ground to the. pulling forcibly Ga" mAcan te ka"tan-biaman . And feathers the he tied they say. u( a etigan ama: i(Adi amA agi AtiAg a-biamA. Ega" (isaf'ga mdga" c6- theytold it was as (?): his father the was com- suddenly they say. So your younger likewise that him (my.) ing back brother time Ga" c6 And that HOW THE RABBIT WENT TO THE SUN. kB- 4izAi-ga ha, a-biama. the take ye said they say. (lg. ob.) he 3[ gaqfx6-qti (d6a-biamA. when crushing very he sent they say. him in forcibly We's'a kU amdga" a4i"' aki-bi [i ubdha"-biama Snake the them-like (?) having it reached when he pushed they say (1g. oh.) home, his wayin they say Ga"' amA ihan' amA ugAhanadaze uhan'ge k0 After a while his the (my.) darkness (first) end the mother dkita"hA-qtci agi AtiAgga-biama. (Pisan'ga megan ce6ke izai-A, a-1 at the same very was corn- suddenly they say. Your younger likewise that (1g. ob.) take ye, said time ing back brother she Ci 6gan we's'a win aiu"' aki-biama. Ga" gaqvf-biami ci iha"' Again so snake one having it reached home, And he killed her, they say again his they say. mother Ga" macan ci (ionide gi"n'-biama, ka"'tan gin"'-biama, ki gan'ki And feathers again pulling out of he sat they say, tying he sat they say, and also gi"U'-biama. Maca" 'iu-bi ega"' a#A-biama. Ga" xag6 a@6 ar he sat they say. Feathers he carried having he went they say. And crying hewas going, they say )iama. 3 they say. inklk . the. xag'e crying nm a. 6 they say. Egioe 4i wi" ededi te amA. E'di ahi-biamA Gan xag6 naji"' tan amA. It came lodge one there it was, they say. There he arrived, they say. And crying he was standing they to pass say. Wa'i aka ugas'i" ama; 6gioe iba"n akAma. Ga"' akama, M+! A-biamA. Woman the peeped they say; it came his grand- was, they Aflor standing awhile, M+! said she, they to pass mother say. say. Eata"-qtci ma"hnin' a, A-biama. Gan, Macan un [ine ahigia fi ki gan'ki 9 Why very you walk ? said they say. And, Feathers I seek for I made many for and also she myself myself age6 tatd akiqib4a Adan axAge-hna"'-ma"', A-biamA. M+! A-biamA wa'a I go shall I hesitate, fear- therefore I have been doing nothing said they say. M+! said they say woman homeward ing failure but cry, he she akA. Niaci"ga wi" juawag.e-de pibaji. Uq#6 the. Person one I with them but bad. Quickly you go will. Hasten thou homeward a-biama. jejin'hinde 6eanska-qtci nggi"'-biamA Mactcin'ge akA. Mgcan tedi 12 said they say. Woven yarn that size very sat in it they say Rabbit the. Feathers to the she (turban) ka"'ta"-biama. (e agd te an'ja *aki ta'di bade i"ni"'waUji te, A-biamA. he tied it they say. This you go will though you reach when red-oak put in it for me said she, they homeward home acorn please, say. Tan'de k6 ,atan 3i hnip'ande t6, A-biamA. Gan #icta"' geia-biam A. Ground the you tread when shake it by pull- will said they say. And letting him sent him back sud- on ing she go denly, they say. Aki-biamA c ftewaI-biamA Mactcin'ge am. (Pa'6waaf inki iqta- 15 He reached home, when he was hateful they say Rabbit the (my.). She pitied him the one he abused they say, who her biamA, rijiha ujA-biami. Gan'ki pip'an'da-biami gan'ki goizai te. Ki they say, bag he dunged in, they And he shook it they say, and she took her own. And say. ga" m acan gi'i"'-bi egan' ag? d-biami. Gan'ki akl-biamA. -a"h ,' ag thus feathers carrying his having lie went homeward, And lie reached home, Grandmother, I have own, they say they say. they say. come home hau, a-biamd. (aqaba-biama: Ifiatc' Ifiate'6+! a-biamnA. M aca" to, Na"ha, 18 said they say. She spoke in they say: said they say. Feathers the grand- he wonder she mother a'in' ag~f, a-biami. Ki gA-biamA: (indgi ahigi-qti man gaxewaki(A-A hA, I car- I have said they say. And she said as fol- Your moth- many very arrow cause them to make ried come he lows, they say: or's brothers A-biama. Egige ga-biama, ja" ha, eita" adan, a-biamA. said they say. It came lie said as fol- Grandmother, where- ? said they.say. she to pass lows, they say: fore he K! ga-biamA: And she said as fol- lows, they say: 28 THE 4EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. cJah wi"' edi akA nikacinga ~d ca" ihe qi" (alnlni-hna"'i, A-biama. Ga, Hill one there the person going and passing the draws into habitu- said they say. And by (my.) its mouth ally she GA a"n'be tA mifike, A-biama. fIiate' foiatc'e+! cka"'aji gi"'-a hU, A-biamn i. That I see will I who, said they say. still sit thou said they say. (unseen) he she 3 Af'kaji, ca" ia"'be tA mike, a-biamA. Uff'ag6-qti ca"' dan'be agA-biamn . Not so, at any I see it will I who, said they say. She unwill- very still to see it he they say. rate he ing went EgiL e 6'di ahf-biamA. 6 jahd-wafahuni hni"', 6df hninki ama, a-biami. It came there he arrived, they his Hill that devours you are, there you who they say, he they say. to pass say. said A"nahini-ga, a-biama. -IAci-qti $ga" #asnin'i-biamA. Egife [ihA a-f akrma. Draw me into your said they say. A long very so he was they say. It came down he was coming, mouth he while swallowed to pass they say. 6 Egife niaci"ga wAoasni" itan'iadi wahi q ga-qti, gan'ki jaji 6aaskAb6 It came person he swallowed formerly bone dried very, and flesh sticking to to pass them niAsage-mA, ki i'tca"-qtci t'e-ma ctl, t'e tW'di afin' ahf, df fan-hna"' nf4a dried hard them- and lately very dead, them- too, dead unto having reached liver the only alive who who (it) gAxe jan'-biam4. Gai'ki tnija was6da" am4 ahi-biamA Mactcin'ge-i"' ami. made lay they say. And alive (and) active ones he reached, they Rabbit the. say 9 OC-ci-cf-ci! (fma djuba, A-biama Mactein'ge-in' akA. cahb -waf huni Ci-cic-ci-ci these few, said they say Rabbit the. Hill that devours he i6-nande waci"'-qti u'4'8-qti g"i"'-biamA. buf- heart fat very dangling very it sat they say. falo A-biamA. MAqa"-biam4, ;d-nande mncpacpA-biami. said they say. 'He cut it off, they say, buf- heart he cut into many they say. he falo pieces TUng'! gAge hnAte tai-dde, Why! those you should have eaten jah6 kI bpaz/ae Hill the it split open 12 amA. qe nikaci"ga amA was6 a"n ama dah6 ko boazA4e 4kita" wasisigA- they say. This person the quick the hill the split open at the active (pL) (pL) same time biamA. Ki gA-biamA: Mactcin'ge tan'wanifn'ga" tai, 4-biamA. Nfawaoaf, they say. And they said as fol- Rabbit we make a nation for will, said they say. He made us live lows, they say: him they A-biamdn Ki, If uginai-ga, Agudi (at di"te, A-biama. Mangci"'i-ga, said they say. And, Lodge seek ye your own, where you have may said they say. Begone ye, they come hither he 15 4-biamA (Mactcin'ge-i"' akA). Ga" n gan-biamA. Ga" aggA-biamA Mact- said they say (Rabbit the). And so it they say. And he went homeward, Rab- he was they say cin'ge amA. xanhA, cakf, a-biamA. 1tiatc' igiatc'd+! A-biamA. bit the (my.). Grandmother, I come said they say. said they say. backtoyou, he she jahd-waiAhuni uhnA kefa"' Hill that devours you told in the past of t'dae6, I have killed him 4-biamA. said they say. he M+! c6 tc'4ea M+! that to kill it -)a"hl Grand- mother id'a" good 18 akama-oa"'. EAtca"-qtei tc'dwa Ac6 tc6i"te, A-biamA. T na'! Na"ha, t'6ae, he was in the past. How very you kill them may be, said they say. Why! grand- I killed she mother him a-biama. Nikaci"ga edi-hna" edf-ma Mactcin'ge ta"'wanifn'gan taf, ai said they say. Person there only there, those who Rabbit let us make a nation for him, they he said Mde ubif'age. 1i ugine waagaji, A-biama. but I was unwill- Lodge to hunt I told them, said they say. ing his own he HOW THE RABBIT WENT TO THE SUN. NOTES. 25, 2. iqiatc ifiatc'e+, an interjection used by females, denoting surprise. L. Sans- souci gives i iat'e+. The corresponding man's word is qa-i-na. L. Sanssouci makes ifiate' ifiatc'e+, equal to the joiwere hinfiqciie, or hiniqciiie, but the latter appears to the collector to be nothing but a variation of hindqciie or inaqciiie, "an old woman" (in ,ciwere). Tada'+, is equal to tada" (used by males). 25, 4. negi-hau+ equals negiha. The last syllable shows that the voice was raised to call a distant person. Sanssouci says the Rabbit crossed level prairies, and called on the ground." Immediately after that he said "negi-hau+, refers to the Eagle." But that is inconsistent with the kinship system; for the Eaglets called the Rabbit "elder brother." Hence the Eagle must have been the Rabbit's father, and the female Eagle his "mother." Perhaps this myth originated among a people who called a "mother's brother's" sons, brothers." 25, 5. ma"xe - gawi'xe amama. To the eye of the Rabbit, the Eagles were pressing very close to the sky, which, was supposed to be a horizontal solid, and the roof of this lower world. 26, 5. 4i ededi te ama. This lodge was said to be in the Sun. 26, 7. maiigee, etc. The Rabbit sat erect (maigge) on his.haunches with his legs thrust out towards the Eaglets, who were looking at him. Je-musnade differs from je-muxa. 26, 9. awatita", was given; but it was probably intended for awatO-jata". 26, 12. maqpi - agfi-hna"i. "It is his custom to come home when water is fall- ing drop by drop from small clouds of different sizes (?)" 26, 14. What follows is not expressed very clearly. It is probable that part of the conversation was omitted in what was given by Nudae-axa. 27, 1. Sanssouci gives instead of wss'a - aki-bi NI, two expressions: wes'a k6dega" a i"' aki-biama (equal to the Ioiwere wakan' iya"~ anyi iri, anye kW), and ws's'a am6gan k6de ain" aki-biama (equal to the loiwere waka"' 6nahb-9k6 iya"' anyi iri, anye k6). If Sanssouci be right, the former phrase is "they say that he has come back with a snake"; and the latter "one of the class of snakes he brought home, they say." 27, 12. eea"ska-qtci, that is, about the size of a hat. 27, 14. hnip'ande, you shake the rope or cord by which I let you down. 27, 15. aki-biama qi it'afewafa-biama. "Ki" here denotes that the subject had returned to his native place, the earth as distinguished from the upper world, whence he had been lowered by the old woman. He did not reach his home till he had gone some distance. 27, 19. finegi ahigi-qti ma", etc. Your mother's brothers, men. 28, 5. egife 3liha a-i akama. Sanssouci reads, ahi akama, he was going or arriving there. 28, 8. inila wasea"n ame. Sanssouci gives three joiwere equivalents for this: "those who were yet a little strong;" "those who stirred a little;" and "those who, as they say, stirred, or were alive, with a little strength." 28, 18. eata"-qtci tc'ewaf4a6 tcei"te, a corruption of eata"-qti t'ewafaa6 tei"te. Such corruptions are frequently used by old women and children. 30 THE (QEGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. TRANSLATION. In the former time the Rabbit departed. Grandmother, I will go to hunt feathers for myself," said he. "Iiatc' i iatc'e+!" said she, "in what place (do you think) you will find feathers very easily?" And he went. Going across the ground by a very near way, on very level prairie, he went crying: "0 - -mother's brother! 0 - mother's brother!" he continued saying as he went. Those whom he sought, the Eagles, were flying round and round, pressing very closely against the (top of) the sky. Both went along, and they turned themselves around as they went. "These (moving ones) will take me," he said. The Eagles were crying and saying "T-t-t-t-t." It came to pass the other one was coming (this way, to earth) from above to attack him (or, dash on him). And he seized him. And he carried him homeward. And he reached home with him. He took him home to the sky up above. And there was a lodge. "My father has brought home a very good animal as prey" (said the Eaglet). And the Eaglet said, 0 elder brother (Rabbit) we two love you very much." "Though for some time I have been doing nothing but move, who will love me?" said (the Rabbit). And he sat erect on his hind legs. The Eaglets loved that; it alone was very good. And he (the Eaglet) said as follows: "Whence have you come?" "When I was just walking across the ground by a near way, your father seized me," said he (the Rabbit). And he said, "At what time of the day does your father usually get home?" "My father," said he, "is accustomed to come home when it is very late in the afternoon, and when water is falling one drop at a time from small round clouds of different sizes." It came to pass that he (the Eaglet) said as follows: "O elder brother, of what sort is it when you do that?" "Yes," said he (the Rabbit) "thus, as you see me, they strike my head with one stone, when it is resting on another." "O elder brother, treat us so," he said (the Eaglet). "You all shall sit in that place," said he (the Rabbit). "So let us sit," said he (the Eaglet). And so he treated them. The one he crushed with a violent blow, and he killed his younger brother with a blow in like manner. And he pulled out the feathers. And he made them (the Eaglets) fall violently to the ground. And he tied up the feathers. And that which they told him was apt to be the case (did occur): the father came back suddenly. "Do you and your younger brother take that," he said. When he had reached home with a snake, and pushed his way into (the lodge) he (the Rabbit) crushed him with a violent blow. After a while, precisely at the beginning of darkness, the mother came home suddenly. "Do you and your younger brother take that," she said. Again in like manner she had brought home a snake. And again he killed the mother with a blow. And again he sat pulling out the feathers, he sat tying them up. And he also sat crying. He departed, carrying the feathers on his back. And he was going along crying. At length there was a lodge. He arrived there. And he was standing crying. The woman peeped at him. Behold, she was his grandmother. After she stood a while she said "M+! on what very important business are you traveling?" And he said, "I sought feathers for myself, and have many. And moreover, I hesitate about start- ing homeward, fearing failure; therefore I have been doing nothing but cry. "M+!" said the woman, "I am with a person, but he is bad. You must go quickly to your home. Hasten," she said. The Rabbit sat in a bag of woven yarn the size of a hat. He tied the feathers to it. "Though you will go homeward this time, when you reach home, put a red-oak acorn in (the bag) for me," said she. "When you tread the HOW THE RABBIT WENT TO THE SUN. ground, you must give it (the rope) a slight pull," she said. And letting him go, she sent him back suddenly (to the earth, his home). When he reached home (the earth), the Rabbit was hateful. He abused the one who pitied him, he dunged in the bag. And pulling (the rope), he shook it a little, and she took her own. And so he went homeward carrying the feathers on his back. And he reached home. "O grand- mother, I have come home---!" he said (raising his voice). She spoke in wonder. She said, "Iiato' ipiatfe+!" "Grandmother," said he, "I have brought home the feathers on my back." And she said as follows: "Cause your mother's brothers to make very many arrows." And then he said as follows: "Grandmother, for what reason?" And she said as follows: "There is a hill that is accustomed to draw into its mouth the person going and passing that way." And he said, "I will see that." "Ifiatc' ifiatc'e+!" said she, "sit still." "No, I will see it at any rate," said he. (Though) she was very unwilling, still he went to see it. At length he arrived there. "You are this hill that draws into its mouth. They said that you were there. Draw me into your mouth," said he. He was swallowed for a very long time. At length he got down (to the bottom). And it.happened that (there were) the very dry bones of the persons whom it had swallowed formerly, and those who had the flesh dried hard and sticking (to the bones), and those, too, very lately dead, brought unto the dead, lay with the liver alone made alive. And the Rabbit reached those who were alive and quick. "Ci-ci-ci-ci! these are few," said the Rabbit. The fat on the heart of jahe-wafahuni was dangling very much. "Why! you should have eaten that," said he. He cut it off with a knife, he cut the heart into pieces with a knife. The hill split open of its own accord. And these men who were quick (alive, stirring) became active at the very time that the hill split open of its own accord. And they said as follows: "Let us put the Rabbit at the head of the nation." He saved us," said they. And he said, "Seek ye your own lodges, from whatsoever places ye may have come hither." "Begone ye," said he (the Rabbit). And so it was. And the Rabbit went homeward. "0 grandmother, I have come back to you," he said. "IJiatc i4iatc'e+!" said she. "O grandmother," said he, "I have killed the hill that draws them into its mouth, of which you told in the past." "M+! It was said that it were good to kill that one. How could you have been his slayer?" said she. "Why! grandmother, I have killed him," said he. "Of the persons that were there, there were those who said, Let us make the Rabbit the head of the nation,' but I was unwilling. I commanded them to seek their own lodges," he said. 32 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. HOW THE RABBIT KILLED THE DEVOURING HILL. OBTAINED FROM J. LAFLCHIIE. dAhe-wAiahuni win edi kd amA. Hill that devours one there he was lying, they say. biamA. cAhe win" di kide pfiji. E they say. Hill one there it lies, bad. B but Ki Mactcin'g And Rabbit giwe e'di ond t ware there you go w 3 a-biama Ki, an"ha, etan" Ada", A-biama.. Nfac said they say. And, Grandmother, where- I (in said they say. Per she fore word) he (an'di wA4ahini-hnan'i hi, A-biam&. Ki Mactcifi when (in it drew them habitually said they say. And Rabbit the past) into its mouth, she Mdan. E'di b6d te-na, eqdga"-biamA. Ga" 6'di a I (in There I go will (in he thought, they say. And there h thought). thought), 6 6'di ahi-bi Ipi j4he-w6aahuni akA ibaha"'-biama. there reached, when Hill that devours the ha knew they say. they say (sub.) him hi q[i, (ahe-waahuni, a "'ahuni-gA, a-biamA M reach- when, Hill that devours, draw me into your said they say ed mouth, he e aka ia" akA jugigig- the his grand- the he with his mother own ;e h6; O'di onaji te ho, ill there you go will not i"nga ami 6'di hi-hna" son the (my.) there arrived only (as a rule) 'ge amA, Hinda! eata" the (mv.) Letme see! where- fore i4A-biamA. Mactcin'ge e went, they say. Rabbit Ibaha"-bi ega"' 6'di He knew him, having there they say ictcin'ge akA. Rabbit the. wASahuni waonahuni-hna"' ama, an"'iahini-gA. KI cAhe-wiaahuni akA that devours them you draw habitn- they say, draw me into your And Hill that devours the into your mouth ally mouth. 9 Mactcin'ge iba-han'-bi ega"' 0ahuni-bajf-biamA. Egioe nikacinga h6ga- Rabbit he knew him they, having drew him not they say. It came to person by no say into its mouth pass ctewanji A-iAmama gaq an'. Egioe 6'di ahi-biamA. Ki dahe-wa, ahuni means a few they were coming, a hunting It came to there they arrived And Hill that devours they say party. pass they say. aka iahixA-biami, ki nfacinga amA upA-biama dAhe f to. Ki Mactcifi'ge the opened its mouth, and person the (pl.) entered they say hill mouth the. And Rabbit they say, 12 akA 6 cti upA-biama. Egihe AiAa-biamA Mactcifi'ge cd he-waiahuni nixa the he too entered, they say. Onward he had gone, they Rabbit. Hill that devours stomach without say hesitation ma"'tala hi [i nan'de4sabajf-biami dahe-wAtahuni akA. inside arrived when heart not good by they say Hill that devours the. means of Gan Mactcin'ge And Rabbit cghe-wiathuni aka ifgEeb-biamA. Ci gaqpa"' d'dba A-iAmama. Gaqtan' Hill that evours the it vomited they say. Again hunting party some they were approach- Hunting him up ing, they say. party 15 6'di ahi-bi [i ci dc he-waoahuni akA ioixA-biama. Ci nfaci"ga upa-biama there arrived, when again Hill that devours the opened its they say. Again person entered, they say they say month i to. KI Mactcin'ge ama ci upA-biami. Edihi j6he-waiahuni wd4geba- mouth the. And Rabbit the again entered; they say. At that Hill that devours vomited them (my.) time up 6cahe- Hill HOW THE RABBIT KILLED THE DEVOURING HILL. bAji ama. tgie nikaci'ga pahan'ga hi-mA t'e-ma wahi kU san kU amA, not they say. Behold person before arrived, the dead, the bone the (1g. dis- theywere ly- ones who ones who line) tant ing, they say, white qi"q u4Ahaha-ma 3aci-jin'ga t'e-ma cti ju u~As'i"-ma, ci n"'tcan-qtci t'e-mi tissue adhering to the a great little dead, the too flesh adhering the again now very dead, the each one ones while ones who with it ones ones who who ago who cti, ki nin'a-mA cti. too and alive, the ones too. who 1Lenan'de gAge waci"'-q Buffalo heart those (un- fat ve seen and scattered) Mactcin'ge akA gA-biama: EAta" hnAta-bajii A. 3 Rabbit the said as follows, Why you eat not I they say: [ti onAt etai-dde; wfebi" n V boAte te, A-biama. cry you eat shall but; I am he if I eat it will said they say. he Ki mAhin goiza-biamd Mactcin'ge aka. MAhin gl iza-bi i qe-nan'de mAqa"- And knife he took his own, they Rabbit the. Knife he took his when buf- heart he cut with say own, they say, falo a knife biama. Ki Abhe-w6ahluni amA, Ha"! ha"! ha"! &-hnan-biamA. Ki Mactein'ge 6 they say. And Hill that devours the, Ha" ha"l ha"! he said it they say. And Rabbit regularly akA, Ha"! ha! han! A-ji-ga ha, A-biamA. the Ha'! ha= 1 hau say not said they say. he KY 4e-nan'de And buffalo heart updwi"waoai Mactcin'ge akA. jAhe k6 boazdaa-biamA. he collected them Rabbit the. Hill the split of its own accord, they say. waci"' g6 edAbe fat the (scat- also tered) Nfacinga bfiga- Person all qti gacibe agoA-biam&. Ag -A-biama [i niaci"ga b6iga udwifni:3iA-biamA. 9 very out of it went homeward, Went homeward, when person all assembled themselves, they they say. they say say. Mactcin'ge nikagahi angAxe tai, a-biamd. Gafi'ki gA-biamA: Mactcin'ge Rabbit chief we make will, said they say. And he said as follows, Rabbit they they say: nikagahi ckaxe taf A-bi 4Aa. chief you make will he says, indeed. they say. walgta" (atf dinte mafigcin'i-ga. from you have it may begone ye. come be Wf nikagahi kan"ba A6inhdinte. I chief I wish I who move, it maybe. Wi cti wi[an' waci"' I too my grand- fat mother Winanl- Which ifigdgan aaga ati. 12 had none, as Iformy Ihave own come. Ga" agn A-biamA Mactcin'ge amA waci" 'in'-bi ega"'. 'I"' aki-bi ega"' And went homeward, Rabbit the (my.) fat carried, they having. Car- he reached having they say say trying home, they say Aciaja itdoa-biamA. Xa"ha, cjhe-waiahuni t'daO 6aa, A-biamA. Hin+! outside he put it, they say. 0 grandmother Hill that devours I have indeed, said, they say. Oh! killed him si-jan'ga peji'-qtci! i-cpAcpa peji'-qtci! cd t'~ti uda" aka-cnan"-a"' t'dwaa6 te, 15 foot big bad very! mouth, pieces bad very that to kill good the one only in the you have been his out of one past slayer, A-biama. xa"hA, t'daodga" cehe ha. Guida tB dan"b-ga hI, A-biama. said they say. Grandmother, Ikilledhim, as I said that Beyond the see thou said they say. she (farther off) (pile) he Wa'ujinga akA Aci ahi-bi ega"', Hin+! jucpaa"n+! win'ke tedd, a-biama. Old woman the out of arrived, having, Oh! my grandchild told the truth did-but, said they say. doors they say she Wacin' t6 (iza-biama. 18 Fat the she took they say. VOL. I--3 34 IHE )EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. NOTES. See the preceding myth: How the Rabbit went to the Sun; also, J. La Flbche's Oto version of this myth, to appear hereafter in "The joiwere Language, Part I." 32, 2. k6de, contraction from kB, dde. 32, 9. hegactewanji, pronounced he+gactewaji. 33, 2. qinq contraction from qi'q6, dried flesh or meat next the bone. (For the speech of the men and the Rabbit's reply, see the Oto version.) 33, 11. mactciige - abi daa, the words of the crier going through the camp, quoted by the Rabbit. kanlb a ai"h6i"te (i. e., ka"bWa aPi"he ei"te) is not in the form of a question, though it implies one, according to Sanssouci. 33, 12. mafigi"' i-ga, begone ye! "Go to your respective homes," is meant, but it is not expressed. 33, 12. dagef ati, I have come for my own property. The Rabbit talks as if he had a prior claim to the hill's heart, etc. 33, 14. The words of the old woman are not to be taken literally. She was proud of what the Rabbit had done, and was praising him. Even if he was deformed, he had done what should have been done long ago by others. 33, 17. wiftke ted6, feminine of win'ke tede, contraction from wif'ke t6, 6de, he did tell the truth but," an elliptical expression, which would be in full, wii'ke t6 6dehna" ew6ja fan'cti, he told the truth, but I did nothing but doubt him at the first. TRANSLATION. There was a Hill that drew (people) into its mouth. And the Rabbit was with his grandmother. "A Hill is there, but it is bad. Beware lest you go thither. Go not thither," said she. And he said, "Grandmother, wherefore ?" She said, "Whenever people go thither, it draws them into its mouth." And the Rabbit thought, "Let me see! Why is this? I will go thither." And he went thither. When the Rabbit arrived there, the Hill knew him. As he knew him when he arrived there, the Rabbit said, "dahe-wafahuni, draw me into your mouth. dahe-wapahnni, you who, as they say, are used to devouring, devour me." And aahe-waFahuni knew the Rabbit, so he did not devour him. And it came to pass that a great many people belonging to a hunting party were coming to that place. And they arrived there. And dahe-wafa- huni opened his mouth, and the people entered the mouth of the Hill. And the Rabbit entered too. The Rabbit pressed onward. And when he reached the stomach of the Hill within, aahe-wafahuni was not pleased by it. And lahe-wafahuni vomited up the Rabbit. Again some members of a hunting-party were approaching. When the party reached there, dahe-wafahuni opened his mouth again, and the people entered the mouth. And the Rabbit entered again (as a man, this time). And then dahe- waqahuni did not vomit him up. And there were lying in the distance the whitened bones of the people who had entered first and had died, the dried flesh next to the bones adhering to them; also those who had been dead but a little while, with the flesh (on the bones); and those, too, who had just died, and the living ones too. And the Rabbit said as follows: "Why do you not eat? You should have eaten that very fat heart. Were I (in your place), I would eat it," he said. And the Rabbit seized his knife. When he seized his knife, he cut the heart. And dahe-wanahuni HOW THE RABBIT CURED HIS WOUND. 35 said, "Han! han! ha"!" And the Rabbit said, "Do not say 'Han han! ha!'" And the Rabbit gathered together the heart and the scattered pieces of fat. And the Hill split open of its own accord. All the people went out again. When they went homeward all the people assembled themselves. Said they, "Let us make the Rabbit chief." And he said as follows: "It is said 'You shall make the Rabbit chief.' As if I, for my part, had been desiring to be chief!! (Or, Have I been behaving as if I wished to be chief?) From whatever places ye may have come, begone ye (to them). I too have come hither to get some of the fat belonging to me, as my grandmother had none." And the Rabbit went homeward, carrying the fat on his back. Having brought it home on his back, he put it outside. "0 grandmother! I have killed iahe-wafahuni," he said. "Oh! You very bad big-foot! you very bad split-mouth! Have you killed him who only should have been killed in the past?" "Grandmother, I say that because I have killed him. See the pile farther away," he said. The old woman having gone out of doors, said, "Oh! my grandchild told (nothing but) the truth (though I did doubt him at first)." And she took the (pile of) fat (meat). HOW THE RABBIT CURED HIS WOUND. OBTAINED FROM NUDAu'-AXA. Mactcif'ge akA i[a"n ink jugig&e gfi"' akAma. Ki ugacan ahf- Rabbit the (sub.) is the (ob.) he with was sitting, they say. And traveling he grandmother his own arrived there biamA. Q6ki w4dixuxuii ca"'qti gan' AkicugA-qti ja"'-hna" egan amA they. say. Under prickly-ash just as it happened very dense lay only thus they the bluffs (habitually) say (utcije 6 wakai). Ga" niacinga sigaif k'di si ke snedeAqti-hnan'i k6, 3 thicket that he meant. And person trail () at the foot the long very habit- the (1g. ob.) ually was (Ig. ob.) A-biama. Egife 6gasAni [i, an"hA, walan"be bgo tA mike, a-biama. said they say. It came. the follow- when Grand- I see I go will I who said they say. he to pass ing day mother he Egie ha"'egan'tce a6A-biamA. A#A-biamA& 3i gi& e agi AtiAgga- It came in the morning he went, they say. He went, they say when it came they were suddenly to pass to pass returning biama. (j niacinga gAhieeami ama, eqga"-biamA. Uh6 a ai ukan'ska 6 they say. This person those who moved are he thought, they say. Path e in a straight yonder they (course) went line with ita"'ciaa ja"'-biama. Egife e'di ahf-biamA -5 iWai-baji-biamA, sig&e ke ahead he lay they say. It came there ar- they say when he was not they say, foot the to pass rived found prints (Ig. ob.) Ahigi gdxe ga" ifai-bajf-biamA Akiha" l idaai te. Gan'ki ci pi itan'"iaa many he made so he was not found, they say beyond he had the. And again anew ahead gone afai t6, itan'-iiaja ijan-biamA. Cete wi" cuqd te haii, A-biama Anase 9 he went, ahead of him they say. That one will come said they say. To head he lay (ob.) to you he him off 36 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. najin'-gA hait, A-biama kiAqpaqpAgge. Egiie wi"' ama uhafn'gala ma"ni"' stand thou I said they say walking back and forth It came one the at the end was walking, they among themselves, to pass (mv. sub.) ama. GAte cu.e te hau, A-biama, e anas6 naji"' ufia $4ai te. Ki they say. That will come I said they say, this to head to stand telling he sent it. And (unseen ob.) to you he him off him 3 utcfje baza"' aA-biama. Igi"e gan' akama ipa-bAji gaxai te uba-hata thicket pushing went they say. It came after standing be not he pretended at the side among to pass awhile found him inajin ki ma" kU gfizai t. Ga" mande k6 gan idan'i te. (e cud of it he and arrow the he took his And bow the so he pulled it. This coming stood (1g. ob.) own. (1g. oh.) to you te utfxida-ga, a-biama, gactaf'ka t.. Ga" man k6 icifbai to Mactcifge which look out for it, said they say, he tempted him. And arrow the he pulled when Rabbit he (1g. ob.) and let go 6 kIsand6'-qti ian"'0ai te. Gan xag4 ama Mactcin'ge. IP'! in"'! i"'n ! through and he put it (the And he was crying, they Rabbit. (the rabbit's cry), through arrow). say A-biama Mactcin'ge aka. Kagdha, t'dYaf, A-biama. Kagdha, a'in' tA said they say Rabbit the. 0 friend, you killed said they say. 0 friend, I carry will he him, he it on my back mike hau, A-biama. Macteif ge ua"'si ai*ga-biamA. Ki man' k6 (ionida- I who said they say. Rabbit leaping he had they say. And arrow the he pulled he gone out of 9 biamA. Ki afi"' at6-biamA. Ga" n iqa-biamA. Mactcin'ge wami ma ke they say. And having he they say. And they they say. Rabbit blood snow the it went chased him (Ig. oh.) ji-de kd amAma diqaf te. Ma"can'de ugidaaza-biamA, fgat'a"-biamA. red was lying, they say as they chased. Den theyscaredhim they say, he they say. into his own grunted xa"hk, t'dan"f'-qtci-an'i, A-biamA. HUin! hin'! A-biamA. Ia"' igaskan"0- Grand- they have altogether said they say. Hfi! hil said, they say. His tried him (sic) mother, killed me, he grandmother 12 biamA. Naxide-oiiini'ge ianahi" ehan'+. (f-hnan upfna-bi, ehd P[i, Oaxaga- they say. Disobedient you are you-truly I You only they sought you, I when you cry it was reported said ji'-qti gan' (agoi"' et6de, A-biama. Ga", )janhi, makan" ufne man ifi'-g6, not at so. you sit should said they say. And, Grand- medicine to seek walk all have, she mother, it (for one) A-biamA. Wiliucpa, maka"' i4Apaha" da"'et6-ma"' Ainh, A-biama. Ia"ha, said they say. My grandchild, medicine I know it (dubitative sign) I who move said they say. Grand- he she mother, 15 na"'pa-hi ge-oan' win' i'injn gf-g_ a-biama. I[an' akA ai"' akf-biama. choke- bush the in the one bring back for me said they say. His the having reached home, cherry (pl.) past he grandmother (sub.) it they say. Gan" atA-biamd. Ga" igini-biamA. And he ate it, they say. And he recovered by it, they say. NOTES. 35, 2. w64ixuxii. Nudan-axa, a Ponka, gave it thus; but it may be intended for w6oixuxfi-hi, as the Omahas use wefixtxu-hi k6. anl'-qti gan is a phrase which scarcely admits of a brief translation. It' seems to imply for no reason whatever, at any rate, etc. 35, 8, et passim. aiaiai t6, a ai to, ui a oefai t0, etc., denote certainty on the part of the speaker, or that he was cognizant of the acts referred to, hence it would have been better to say, aia-fa-biama, afa-biama, ui1a fe, a-biama," denoting what was not observed by the narrator. HOW THE RABBIT CURED HIS WOUND. 35, 7. itaniapa jan-biama. The Rabbit went ahead of their trail and lay con- cealed, lying in wait for them. 35, 7. sigfe k6 ahigi gaxe, etc. He made so many tracks that the people did not know which way to turn to search for the Rabbit. 36, 3. i a-baji gaxai t6. This man pretended that he had not discovered where the Rabbit lay concealed. He pulled the bow in one direction to deceive the Rabbit, and then turned around suddenly and shot him, sending the arrow through his body. 36, 11. igaskan" seems to be used here in the sense of chiding. 36, 14. iqapahan danct6-ma"' Ainhe implies doubt: I may know it as I go along, and I may not know it. 36, 15. na~pahi gefa"', the choke-cherry bushes which had been (full of sap, etc.). It was winter at the time he sent the old woman after one. TRANSLATION. The Rabbit was dwelling with his grandmother. And while traveling he reached a certain place. At the foot of the bluff the prickly ash was very dense. It was thus all along. And he said, "Persons have been on the trail, all of whom had very long feet." And on the next day he said, "Grandmother, I will go out to see (that is, to act as a scout, suspecting the presence of foes)." And he went in the morning. When he departed, at length they were coming back suddenly. "These persons are the ones who were moving there," thought he. He lay ahead in a straight line with the path they went. It came to pass that when they reached there (where the Rabbit was) he was not found. He had made many footprints, so he was not found, and they went beyond the place. Then again he went ahead, and lay ahead of him (of one of the men). That one thing will come to you," he said. "Stand and head him off." They were walking back and forth among themselves. At length one was walking at the end. "That unseen thing will come to you," he said. This he communicated (to those at a distance), telling (them) to stand and head him off. And he went pushing among the undergrowth, etc. And then, after standing awhile, he pretended that he had not found him (the Rabbit). He stood at the side (of the thicket) and took his arrow. And so he fitted it to the bow-string. "Look out for this which is coming to you," he said, as he tempted him (the Rabbit). And letting the arrow go he pierced the Rabbit through the body (the arrow appearing on the other side). And the Rabbit was crying. The Rabbit said, 'Ina! ida! ina!" "Friend, you have killed him," said they. "Friend, I will carry it on my back," said (one). The Rabbit had gone with a leap. And he pulled out the arrow. And he carried it away. And they pur- sued him. As they chased him the Rabbit's blood was lying along (in a long line) on the snow. They scared him into his burrow. He grunted. "Grandmother," said he, "they have altogether killed me. Hiin! hii"!" said he. His grandmother chided him. "You were truly disobedient. When I said that it was reported you alone were sought after, you should have sal without crying at all," she said. And he said, "Grandmother, go to seek for medicine." Said she, "My grandchild, I doubt whether I know the medicine." "Grandmother," said he, "bring me back one of the choke- cherry bushes." And his grandmother took it home. He ate it, and it made him recover. 88 THE THE RABBIT AND ICTINIKE. OBTAINED FaOM NUDAm'-AXA. Ictinike amA Iotinike the (my. sub.) Hu+! A-biamA. K Hu + said, they say. 0 y bro aed amAma. Gai'ki Mactcin'ge amA gan' was going, they say. And Rabbit the so, (my. sub.) agd6 A-biamA. Uh-i+! A-biamA. O ai-da" hunger said, they say. Uhu+! said, they say. It was when other! I told 3 ka"b 6ga" dga" agilanbe Aha", A-biamA. I hoped and so I see my own I said, they say. Ga"'afi"hd-hnan I move for some only time Aa th amAma. was my., they say. walan'be I see it "'ja W'be ough who qtan'6 td, A-biamA. Gf-ga, A-biamA. EAta" Adan, A-biamA. Ca"' gi-g1 , love me will said, it is said. Come said, it is said. Where- I said, they say. At come, fore any rate A-biamA Ictinike akA. i'di akf-biama. Kagd, a-biamA, eddhe ctdctewa"' said, they say Ictinike the There he reached home, O younger said, theysay, what I soever (sub.). they say. brother, say 6 a'ha" ec6 te, A-biamA. Anha", A-biamA Mactcif'ge akA. Kagd, A-biam-- yes you will said, they say. Yes, said, they say Rabbit the 0 younger said, they say- say (sub.). brother kagd, witcf tA mike, A-biamA Ictinike akA. An'kaji, A-biamA, wftan" in Younger teeimcoeoo will I who, said, they say Ictinike the (sub.). Not so, said, they say, I first brother, (te- cum co- i- bo) witfc tee, A-biamA Mactcif'ge akA. Na'! an'kaji, kag4, na"' amA edAd tecum coibo, said, they say Rabbit the (sub.). Psha not so, O younger adult the what brother, (pl. sub.) 9 'fiai uhd-hnani, A-biamA. Na'! an'kaji ha, jinedha, A-biamA. Jifng amA, they they have their said, they say. Psha I not so O elder said, they say. Younger the speak of way, habitually, brother, (pL) ji"nfdha, edAda" 'fai tW'di 6d actan'-bAji 4ga" 6 uhd-hna"i, A-biamA 0 elder what they when that stopping not so they have habitu- said, they say brother, speak of talking their way ally, (Mactcif'ge akA). Hind6ga, kagd, dgaf-gA ha. Gan' Ictinike akA bas'i"' Rabbit the (sub.). Let us see, younger do so And Ictinike the (sub.) upside brother, .down 12 ifa"n'a-biamA. Mactcin'ge akA ga"' tcff t. (ictan'-biamA qi ua"'si AiAia- he placed they say. Rabbit the (sub.). so cum eocoiit. Finished they say when leaping he had it gone biamA Mactcii'ge amA. GI-gh, kag4, 4-hna"-biamA. Egitan-hnan' amA they say Rabbit the Come, 0 younger said habit- they say. Said to habit. they (my. sub.) brother, ally him ally say ei Mactcif'ge amA an'he-hnan' amA. Can' utcije ci'ga dgihe Aia a- when Rabbit the -was fleeing they say. And thicket dense headlong he had (my. sub.) into it gone 15 biamA. Wahu+1 A-biamA Ictinike akA. Wf-hnan nfacinga iiAkite-de they say. Wahu+! said, they say Ictinike the (sub.). I only person I cheated while ma"'tihda$6 ata"he a"'cti. Mactcin'ge pji'-qti! si-ani'ga peji'-qtci! ictcA- I was putting it inside heretofore. Rabbit bad very foot big bad very eye- si-afi'ga peji'-qtcil ja"'xe Ahigi pEji'-qtcil 'Agfean"&ufA tcAbe Aha", A-biamA ballbig bad very! strong much bad very youhavemade verymuch I said, they say odor me suffer THE RABBIT AND ICTINIKE. Ictinike akA. Ga"' a6a-biamA. Ictinike cdi" b fje atfc tcAbe hau, A-biami. Iotinike the And went, they say. Ictinike that one eacare cumeo very I said, they say. (sub.). (my. ob.) fedi coii Ga"' Ictinike akA waggan'gan amA ci. Ci wag afi'g an-biama. Ictfnike And Ictinike the (sub.) reviled him they again. Again reviled him they say. Ictinike say amA aA-biam6 gia-bajf-qti. GApu ahf-bi Vi jdtiinfge can ja-biamA. Ja'- 3 the went they say sorrowful very. In that he ar- they when cacatdrlit and ca- they say Oaca- (my. sub.) place rived say cavit vit biamA [i mactcin'ge jin'ga wi" naf'ge-qtci a4-biamA. Gd-d-ia"n A-qti they say when rabbit young one ran ver went they say. It is put further very Aha"! WuhA! A-biamA Ictinike akA. E ci gA u ahf-bi 3[i jdtipin'ge can S Wuhul said, they say Ictinike the That again in that hear- they when cacartit and (sub.). place rived say jA-biamA. Ci mactcin'ge jin'ga win nan'ge-qtci a#A-biamA. Ci fdatai-te. 6 eo- they say. Again rabbit young one ran very went they say. Again peperit. cavit fast Ci dgiqani to, WAhu+'a'l 'Aggean'f6 tcAbe Aha", A-biamA. Ga"' a#A-biami. Again he said to him, Really he has made me very I said, they say. And went they say. suffer much Ci gAou ahi-bi qi jdtiinfge can jA-biamA. CI mactcin'ge jin'ga win Again in that he ar- they when cacattiirt and ca- they say. Again rabbit young one place rived say cavit ci qu'%' aA--biamA. Ci 6gioa"-biamA. Iaban hn6 tiganji, a-biamA. Ci 9 again with a went they say. Again he said they say. A second you go not apt said, they say. Again rush to him time ega" w da 6 ifqiquhA-bi ega"', cgife je hifai tedi waii"' fan can' so pardre he feared they having, at length cacans he made it when robe the at any for himself say reach (the rate ground) utfpupA-bi egan' AnasA-biamA. W *iin' san ca"' ansif-biamA. Waii"' *an hebent it around having he hin- they say. Robe the in spite on it he they say. Robe the over (the rabbit) dered it of leaped ifigd ugfna"skAbe aan' amA. WuhA+! gdid-isa"cA-qti a"'axe Aha", 12 feces it was made to adhere to it from his feet, Wuhu+ I it is put further very made me I they say. A-biamA (nu6Ai"n giaxai t 64 wakA-bi ega"'). Hau. Ga"' a&A-biamA. said, they say naked he made for him that he they having. Well. And went they say. meant say Can'qti gan nu[A in afA-biamA. Egime nAjinga d'Aba man"in'bagi a i" mAma. In spite of so naked went they say. It came boy some were throwing sticks as they to pass walked, it is said. WAkipA-biamA. Had! kag6, a-biamA Ictinike amA. Had! A-biama nijifga 15 He met they say. Ho O younger said, they say Ictinike the Ho! said, they say boys them brother, (mv. sub.) amA. IndAdancti6 ga" l anA'an-bAji, kag6, A-biama. A", A-biamA. Ca"' the Whatever so you have not, O younger said, they say. Yes, said, they say. Still (pl. sub.). heard brother, dAda" ct6cte fanA'an di"te inwin"'ai-ga, A-biamA Ictinike akA. An'han, what soever you heard mayhave tell ye to me said, they say letinike the (sub.). Yes, A-biamA. T na'jI Mactin'ge amA-hna" Ictinike amA tci-biamA af, ann6'ani, 18 said, they say. Why I Rabbit the only Ictinike the sum eo it is re. they we heard (mv. sub.) (my. one) coit ported say A-biamA nAjinga amA. Wuhu+! AAci-qti a"wa"'na'an am6de, eedga"- said, they say boys the Wuhu+! a very long of me they they are the thought (pl. sub.). while ago have heard ones, but biamA Ictinike akA. Ci a0A-biamA. Ki ci d'dba masni"'bagf asin' amAma. they say Iotinike .the. Again went they say. And again some were throwing sticks as they walked, it is said. 40 THE (EGIIIA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. Ci wakipd-biamA. Kagd, indada" ctcte inwin"'ai-gg. hafi A-biama. Again he met they say. 0 younger what soever tell ye to me I said, they say. them brother, Indida" afigufiia tafte ifig4 iga", a-biama. Tena'! Mactcii'ge ama- What we tell you shall there is like said, they say. Why Rabbit the none (my. sub.) 3 hna" Ictinike amA tci-biama al, annAa"i, A-biama nijifiga ama. Ga"' only Ictinike the cameo it is re- they we heard, said, they say boys the And (my. sub.) coiit ported say, (pl. sub.). aaf tM." Wuhu+! 3&ci-qti-dgan un 'a"aann 6 ahan, eodgan-biamA. Ga"' ci he went. Wuhu+! a very long time he made me to thought they say. And again ago be heard of d'iba 6iAmama. Ki ci egan wdmaxa-biam6. Kagd, IndAda" ctWete i"wi"'- some were approach- And again so questioned they say. O younger what soever tell ing. them brother, 6 Oai-gg haA, a-biama. Indidan afguIifia tafte Oing46 ga", A-biama. ye to me 1 said, they say. What we tell thee shall it is nothing like said, they say. Tena'! Mactcin'ge amA-hnan Ictinike ama tcf-biamA ai, annA'a"i, A- Why Rabbit the only Ictinike the cum eo it is re- they we heard, said, (my. sub.) (mv. sub.) coiit ported say, biamA. Wuhu+! Aciqti-dga" unAanan/anA Ahan, et4gan-biamA Ictinike they say. Wuhu+ a very long time he made me to be I thought they say Ictinike ago heard of 9 aki. CT aoa-biama. Egioe jdadigpa" pe'ji goiza-bi 4gan wdza-hnan aa- the Again went they say. It came breech-cloth bad he took they having to give the went (sub.) to pass his own say alarm, only biamA. RIgife ii 64anbe ahf-biamA. I"c'lge tdoa ni" idnaxipai 4i", A- they say. At length lodge in sight of ar- they say. Venerable this one the he is attacked said rived man behind (mv. oh.) they biamA. k'di ahf-biamn Akicuga-qti-a'-biama Cif'gajif'ga uan'he they say. There he ar- they say. They were standing they say. Children a place of rived very thick retreat 12 uiwaginAi-ga. An"a"'naxfi ai 6de hdgact6wan-bdjI, A-biamA Ictfnike akA. seek ye for them. Me theyAttacked but by no means a few, said, they say Ictinike the (sub.). In~oAge waiin' panl ctawan' gacaf tan, a-biama. An"han, gan-qtian' (A-biama). Venerable robe the even he is deprived of said, they say. Yes, so very said, they say. man by chasing him, Gaski wakan'di&'-qti naji"'-biamd, wactanka akdga". Anwandanbe taf ha. Panting excessively he stood they say, a tempter he was like. We see them will 15 K4, uAwagi6ai-ga, A-biama. An'kaji ha, A-biamd Ictinike aka. Waii"' Come, tell us about them, said, they say. Not so said, they say Ictinike the (sub.). Robe ge wi"' i"'nli gii-ga, A-biamA. Wi wala"'be b04 tA mike, A-bianm the (pl.) one bring ye to me, said, they say. I to see them I go will I who, said, they say Ictinike akA. Inc'age win'k6-qti Aha", A-biam .. Ga"' waiin' fa 'fi- Ictinike the (sub.). Venerable tells the very I said, they say. And robe the was man truth given 18 biamA, waii"' ckibi-qti j4ha 'fi-biamA. Watcicka k6 uhA aoA-biamA. they say, robe thick very summer was they say. Creek the follow- he went, they say. (hair) robe given ing Haha+'! a"'ba win'/an an' gaawaki'a" ata"'he l"a'cti. Nfacinga win' Hal ha I day one by one have I been doing that to them heretofore. Person one a"f'ijuctwan'ji, A-biamA (Mactcin'ge 4 wakA-bi ega"'). did not treat me wel said they say Rabbit that he meant they having. at a, he say THE RABBIT AND ICTINIKE. NOTES. 38, 5. 6di aki-biama. It was some place where the Rabbit had been on some pre- vious occasion, or else it was on the way to the Rabbit's home: "he reached there again," or "he reached there on his way home." 38, 16. mantihea n atanhe a"cti. Hitherto, Ictinike placed his plot within his head and concealed it there. Mantihea06 refers to the plot, not to the victim. 39, 1. bfije atci tcabe. "B1ije" is from ij?." 39, 4. gud-ioan"a-qti aha", a phrase occurring only in this myth. 39, 10. je hifai, a case of "hapax legomenon." 39, 12. uginanskabe fa" ama. The young Rabbit leaped upon the robe of his relation, Ictinike, soiling it with the "ifigfe" sticking to his feet. 40, 9. jeidigea" piji gfiza-bi ega'. He took his own breech-cloth which he had on to use in giving the signal of alarm. Hence he was not "naked" in the strict sense of the word before he took it off. 40, 12. hegactewanbaji, pronounced he+gactewapbaji. 40, 13. ic'age waiin a" et 6wa" gacai tan. The people said, "They chased the venerable man so closely that he had to drop his robe? 40, 18. wail ckube-qti 4eha 'ii-biama. Though this means "a'very thick summer robe," jeha (buffalo robes of animals killed in summer) were not covered with thick hair, as were the meha or winter robes. TRANSLATION. Ictinike was going, and so was the Rabbit. "Hu+! O younger brother! Uhu+!" said Ictinike. "When it was told, I hoped to see him, and so I see my own (rela- tion)," said he. "Though I am only moving for some time, who will love me?" said the Rabbit. "Come," said Ictinike. "Wherefore," said the .Rabbit. "Never mind, come," said Ictinike. He reached there. "0 younger brother," said he, "what- soever I say, you must say 'Yes.'" "Yes," said the Rabbit. "O younger brother, tecum coibo," said Ictinike. "No," said the Rabbit, "prior tecum coibo." "Psha! O younger brother," said Ictinike, "when the elder ones talk about anything, they generally have their way." "Psha! Not so indeed, elder brother. The younger ones, elder brother, when they speak about anything, do not stop talking about that, so they usually have their way," said the Rabbit. "Let us see, do so, younger brother." And Ictinike turned upside-down. The Rabbit cum eo coiit. Coitu complete, the Rabbit leaped and had gone. "Come, O younger brother," said Ictinike repeatedly. When he was saying it to him the Rabbit was fleeing; and he went headlong into a dense thicket. "Wahu+-!" said Ictinike, "While I alone cheated a person, I used to keep (the plot) inside (my head). Yofi very bad Rabbit! You very bad big-foot! You very bad big-eyeballs! ,You very bad much strong odor! You have made me suffer very much." And the Rabbit departed. Gum isto prior coii et feci ut eaca- ret," said the Rabbit. Ictinike reviled him again. Again he reviled him. Ictinike departed very sorrowful. When he reached a certain place cacaturiit et cacavit. Ictinike eacante, a young rabbit departed, running very rapidly, "It gets worse and worse!" Again, when he reached a certain place, cacaturiit et eacavit; and 42 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. a young rabbit departed, running very swiftly. Iterum peperit. Again he said to him, "Really! he has made me suffer very much." Again, when he reached a cer- tain place, cacatifriit et cacavit. Again a young rabbit departed with a rush. "You will not be apt to go again," said Ictinike. Quum iterum partre timuit, as he stooled and caused it to reach the ground, he held the robe down on the feces and the rabbit, to hinder the escape of the latter. In spite of the effort the young rabbit leaped over the robe. He soiled the robe with the "ifigee" on his feet. "Wuhu+! It gets worse and worse." (He meant his being naked.) Well, he departed. In spite of (his condition) he went naked. It came to pass that some boys were playing with mapninbagi as they walked. He met them. "Ho! younger brothers," said Ictinike. "Ho!" said the boys. "Have you not heard anything at all, younger brothers?" said he. "Yes," said they. "Then, whatsoever ye have heard, tell me," said Ictinike. "Yes," they said. "Why! they say that it is reported that the Rabbit alone cum Ictinike coiit. We have heard it." "Wuhu+! They have heard about me for a very great while," thought Ictinike; and he departed. And again some were playing manjinbagi as they walked; and he met them. O younger brothers, tell me something or other," he said. "What we shall tell you is as noth ing. Why! we have heard it said that it is reported that the Rabbit alone cum Icti- nike coiit," said the boys. And he departed. "Wuhu+! I was caused to be heard of a very long time ago," thought he. And again some were approaching. And again he questioned them. "O younger brothers, tell me something or other," said he. What we shall tell thee is as nothing. Why! we have heard it said that it is reported that the Rabbit alone cum Ictinike coiit," said they. "Wuhu+! I was caused to be heard of a very long time ago," thought Ictinike; and he departed. It came to pass that he took his bad breech-cloth and went to give the alarm. At length he came in sight of a lodge (village ). "This venerable man behind us is one who has been attacked by the foe," they said. He arrived there. They were standing very thick (around him). "Seek ye a place of retreat for your children. They attacked me, and they were a great many," saidJctinike. "The venerable man is deprived (by their chasing) even of his robe," said they. "Yes, it is just so." He stood panting excessively, as he was a tempter. "We will see them. Come, tell us about them," said they. "Not so indeed,? said Ictinike. "Bring to me one of the robes. I will go to see." "The venerable man speaks very truly," they said. And the robe was given him; a thick summer robe was given him. He departed, following the stream. "Ha! ha! Day after day have I been doing that to them heretofore. One person did not treat me well at all," he said (meaning the Rabbit). THE RABBIT AND THE GRIZZLY BEAR. THE RABBIT AND THE GRIZZLY BEAR; OR, THE BIRTH OF THE YOUNG RABBIT. TOLD BY NUDAn'-AXA. Mantcd akA Mactcin'ge ifikd wagfda"be aki-biama. Gan' amA, Grizzly bear the Rabbit the (st. ob.) to scout for his reached home, And went they (sub.) own they say. say wdnaxioA-biama Mactcin'ge akA. j4 win ci"'-qti t'da-biamA Mactcin'ge attacked them they say Rabbit the Buffalo one fat very he killed, they say Rabbit (sub.). aka. Ch anwan'*a manlgifin'-ga, A-biama Mantci akA. Ma"tci icta-jide 3 the To come to tell about begone, said, they say Grizzly bear the Grizzly bear eye red (sub.). forthemeat me (sub.). ufhe tioAbi-ga haut, A-biamA Mactcin'ge akA. Hi"+! wici'~, wi"an'waa, to come pass ye on I said, they say Rabbit the Oh! my husband's in which place for the meat (sub.). brother A-biama Ma"tc min'ga akA. Ga"' aoA-biamA. 'I' akf-biamA 46 .ke said, they say Grizzly bear female the And went they say. Brought home they say buff lo the (sub.). on their backs (meat) boiga-qti. Ki Mantci jin'ga aka ddba-biami Gan' jingA haci-qtci aki 6 all. And Grizzly bear young the four they say. And young last very the (sub.) Mactcii'ge ta'de-hna"'-biama. Wasatai te hdbe 84i" ahf-hna"-biama Rabbit he pitied habitu- they say. What they ate part having he ar- habitu- they say ally for him rived ally manian'-hna". Ci dgasani V ci Ma"tci akA ci dgioan-biam6A: Mactcin'ge, by stealth habitu- Again the next when again Grizzly the again said to him, they say: Rabbit, ally. day bear (sub.) unase ifita uglpi ha, a-biamA (Mantcd aka). Ji"'n ehA, hi"bd dagian" ha, 9 chasing- your own is full said, they say Grizzly bear the (sub.). 0 elder moccasins I put on my place brother, own A-biamA (Mactcin'ge akA). Ga"' wdnaxiOA-biami. Ci 6 wi" ci"-qti said, they say Rabbit the (sub.). And he attacked they say. Again buffalo one fat very them . t'doa-biamA. E'di ahf-biamA. tihe anwa"'n a mangoin'-ga, A-biamA (Mantcd he killed, they say. There arrived, they say. To come to tell of me begone, said, they say Grizzly bear for meat akA). Ga"' agfd amAma Mactcin'ge ami. Ma"tci ictA-jide ufhe tioAbi-ga 12 the And was going homeward, Rabbit the Grizzly bear eye red to go pass on, (sub.). they say (my. sub.). for meat had, A-biamA Mactcin'ge akA. Hin+! wici'4, wina"'waA, A-biama Ma"tcA I said, they say Rabbit the Oht my husband's in which place ? said, they say Grizzly bear (sub.). brother, mi"ga akA. Ga"' uihe apA-biamA. Ci boAga-qti 'i" akf-biami. Ki 4 Mantce female the And togofor went they say. And all very brought home on their And that Grizzly (sub.). meat backs, they say. bear jif'ga akA ci hbbe dii ahf-biamA. Ki Mantci akA gA-biamA: Hdbe 15 young the again a piece having he arrived, they And Grizzly bear the said as follows, A piece (sub.) for him say. (sub.) they say: w6ahni" cf djanmin', A-biamA. Igasani qi wadan'be agi-biamA Ma- you took for you I think, said, they say. The next day when scouting was coming back, Rab- some one went they ay. 44 THE (QEGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. i-nase chasing- your own is full said, they say Grizzly bear the place (sub.). Jin',ehe, hi"bd O elder brother, moccasin uagia"n' ha, A-biami Mactcin'ge aka. Ga"' wdnaxioi-biamA. Ci 4d win I put on my said, they say Rabbit the And he attacked them, they say. Again buffalo one own (sub.). 3 ci"'-qti t'4da-biami. E'di ahi-biamA. lhe anwan'pa mangifi'-ga, a-biami fat very he Idlled, they say. There arrived, they say. To come to tell of me begone, said, they say for meat Mantci akA. Jin"dha, hdbe agi'in ta mike, a-biami Mactcin'ge ak4. Qa-i! Grizzly bear the O elder brother, a piece I carry will I who, said, they say Rabbit the Qai! (sub.). mine (sub.). wa'i"' gan'a Ahan. Jhe a"wAn' a mafigifl'-ga, A-biamA. Gan' wamAka-baji- to pack he wishes I To come to tell of me begone, said, they say. And he got out of patience for meat with him 6 biamA hdbe gi'in te AhucigA-bi egan' Mactcif'ge akA. Ga"' ja g6 they say a piece to carry the. he insisted on, they having Rabbit the (sub.). And meat the his own say (pl.) mdonuonudA-biam&. Ki Mactcifi'ge ak wami hdbe (izA-bi ega"' ijfgpa"- he cut and disjointed they say. And Rabbit the blood a piece he took, having put it m his several times (sub.) they say belt biam6. Inddda" hnize egan, A-biamA Mantcd aka. Jin"$ha, indAdan bfiza- they say. What have you taken, said, they say Grizzly bear the 0 elder brother, what took (sub.). 9 maji, A-biama Mactcin'ge akA. Abaqu pan uaan-/bi ega"' wamf ubita nta"'- I-not, said, they say Rabbit the Nape of the the he held him, having blood he pressed in it (sub.). neck they say repeatedly biama Mantcu aka. they say Grizzly bear the (sub.). Uihai 4ga" To come so for meat 12 Mactcin'ge Rabbit atf-biamd they have come they say. XagA-biamA Mactcin'ge aka. Gan' the u0 f-biami. Cried they say Rabbit the And to come to tell he was com- (sub.). to pack ing, they say. Gan' 40a" wami Oizai *an nan'dala iian'a-biamA And this (ob.) blood he took the one at the side of he put it they say which the lodge ak4. Han' amd. Egioe Mactcin'ge akA gA-biamA: Rskana, the Night they say. It came Rabbit the said as follows, I hope, (sub.). to pass (sub.) they say: winisi, cin'gajinga ukfai fe tigodgpa-ma 4ga" ka"', a-biama. my child, children they talk speech they begin the ones so I hope, said, they say. with each suddenly who other oicta^'-bi q A"', a-biamA wamf oinkd cin'gajifga dgan. Ki he finished, when, Yes, said, they say blood the (one infant like. And they say sitting) Ki 4gia"n And said'to it 4ga"-biama. so they say. 15 Ki ci dgioa"'-biamd. Eskana, winisi, cin'gajinga ukfai Yi edd6aanan-ejf-qti- And again said to it they say. I hope, my child, infant they talk when they speak very plainly, with each making no mistakes, other ma 6ga" ka"', A-biamA. Ki iga"-biami. Ki, Gan'-hninkk e'be udakie hat, the ones so I hope, said, they say. And so (it they say. And, You sit for a while who you talked i who was) with A-biamA Ma"tc aka. said, they say Grizzlybear the (sub.). Na'! ji"eha, eb6ct uAkie-maji, wf-hna" ud3ikid ga"' Why O elder who at all I talked I-not, I alone I talked with so brother, with myself 18 gin' minkd, A-biain Mactcin'ge aka. Ci 4gican-biama. Eskana, winisi, I was sitting, said, they say Rabbit the Again said to they say. I hope, my child, (sub.). him nijinga maunfdan wakan'dagi ta"'oi" tig(aa-hnan 6ga" kan', A-biamA, Ki boy pulling the bow wonderfully well to run starting habitu- so I hope, said, they say. And repeatedly ally ctcin'ge, bit THE RABBIT AND THE GRIZZLY BEAR. dga"-qti atiagja-biamd. Ci edfhi ggAhe-fa nan-kiM A-biamA. Eskana, wi- so very became sud- they say. And then he caused him to do it repeatedly, they say. I hope, my denly nisi, nujinga nan-qti-hnan manfdan wakan'dagi wasisig6-qti-hna"' gan kan', child, boy grown very alone pulling the wonderfully well active very habitu- so I hope. .bow ally A-biama. Ga"' 6ga"-biamai. Eskana, winisi, cnujinga ma"'jiha 'i"' waa"'be- 3 said, they say. And so (it they say. I hope, my child, young man quiver car- them I have was) trying seen hnan'-ma dgan ka"', A-biama. Gan' fgan-biam Ki an'ba amA Kd, Ma- habitu- the ones so I hope, said, they say. And so (it they say. And day was, they Come, Rab- ally who was) say. ctcin'ge, -inase ioffa .ugfpi ha, A-biamd Ma"tct akA. Nanhdba-ga, jin(dha, bit, surround- your own is full said, they say Grizzly bear the Wait, elder brother, ing place (sub.). hinbd uA4an ha, a-biamA. Wandqoifi-ga, edada" hinbd Gagajji onilnk 6 moccasin I am put- said, they say. Hasten, what moccasin you have not you who, ting on put on si-langa! jan'xe Ahigi! ictca-silafnga icpAcpa! A-biamA. Wuihu+'a'! nAji! big foot I offensive much! eye-ball big mouth in splits said, they say. Aha 0 the odor villainy I dgan-qti in'/in (skan nAji! a-biamA Mactcin'ge ijin'ge akA. An'ha", nisiha, like it very he treats I think 0 the vil- said, they say Rabbit his son the Yes, my child, my own lainy I (sub.). dga"-qti-hnan an'/in, 'Agpa-qti, nisiha, an'in", A-biama Mactcif'ge akA. 6 9 like it very habitu- he keeps suffering very, my child, he keeps said, they say Rabbit the e ally me me (sub.). goes t0 wAnanAse (an damui must wiTan'be ajan' tA mifnke, A-biama. Hdbe the they surrounded where down hill right above I see you I lie will I who, said, they say. A piece many times (agi'in 'ifa(e td, A-biamA Mactcin'ge ijin'ge akA. Ga"' wdnaxilai te 16 you carry you speak will, said, they say Rabbit his son the And he attacked them when buf- your own of (sub.). falo wi" t'da-biama. Mantcu amA 'di ahi-biami. LOhe anwan"'/a mafiginf'-ga, 12 one he killed they say. Grizzly bear the (my. there arrived, they say. To come to tell of me begone, it sub.) for meat A-biama. Na! jind4ha, an'kaji ha, a-biama. Hibe agi'i kan'b a, jin"dha, said, they say. Why elder brother, not so said, they say. A piece I carry I wish, elder brother, mine a-biama. Qa-f+! wa'"' ga" 'a inahi" a. Mhe anwan/"a mangpinl'-ga, said, they say. Qa-i+! to carry he wishes truly To come to tell of me begone, for meat a-biama. Na! jindha, hdbe agf'in kan'bpa, jin~"ha, a-biamd. NM! Ma- 15 said, they say. Why! elder brother, apiece I carry mine I wish, elder brother, said, they say. Why! Rab- ctcin'ge ie t0 egijan'ji-hnau" de wapfsisige, A-biama. Ni! ji" ha, bit speech the you have not habitu- but you are active, said, they say. Why! elder brother, done that ally an'kaji ha (ca"'ja wi cti jin"4ha, nanpa"'hi"-hna"-man' 6gan h6be ag'i" not so though I too elder brother, I am hungry habitu- I have so a piece I carry ally mine kan'b(a, A-biami. Na! wi"'ake, Mactcin'ge upinaji" (at'an' ebdgan 6Ada" 18 I wish, said, they say. Why! I tell the Rabbit to depend on you have I think there- truth, fore ie anonajuAji ga" Aha", A-biamA Mantci akA. Gan"' ed gia"' ama speech you have treated some- said, they say Grizzly bear the And again said to him they me ill in talking what (sub.). say 3i ma"'asaoa ain"'-biamA, bab jij6-qti (d6a-biama. Mactcinf'ge ijin'ge aka when on his back re- had him, they say, pushed him very suddenly, they say. Rabbit his son the peatedly over (sub.) 46 THE (EGIHA LANGUTAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. agfi t6. Ga"' ma"' t6 gfsni"snin'de agf-biamA, man'dO k6 ugfnanqpA-biamn was coming And arrow the pulled out several of was coming, they bow the he strong his own, they say back (col.) his own say Mactcin'ge ijin'ge aka. Kag4! a-biama, diaga" gi'if'-ga, A-biama Rabbit his son the O younger said, they say, the (meat) on carry your own, said, they say (sub.). brother I this side of you 3 Ma"tc aka. jLant [a #a" hbe anl'a dai te. Ubif'age ha. 'In'-ga, Grizzly bear the Fresh meat the a piece he threw away suddenly. I am unwilhng Carry it, (sub.). A-biamA Mactcin'ge a KI iji'ge amA 'di ak-biami. Naji! igan-qti said, they say Rabbit the And his son the (mv. there came home, they 0 the vil- like it very (sub.). sub.) say. lainy i"'f ahnin eska"', A-biamA Mactcin'ge ijin'ge aka. Na! nisiha, iUdi ag gi'in' youhavebeen I suspect, said, they say Rabbit his son the Why! my child, your this carrying treatingmyown (sub.). father his own 6 te. Ri'i hB waf'giqe, A-biamA Mantcd akA. Na! 'ifi'-ga ha, A-biamA Ma- will. I have all, said, they say Grizzly bear the Boshl carry it said, they say Rab- given back (sub.). ctcin'ge ijin'ge aka, Man'tci 4 wakA-bi ega"'. Ga"' ma"'an a a ai"'-bi ega"' bit his son the Grizzly bear that he meant, having. And on his back re- he had him, having (sub.), they say peatedly they say Ma"tc 'i" kida-biamA Mactcin'ge ijin'ge akA. Ma" na"'ba f'u-biamd Grizzlybear the (my. shot at, they say Rabbit his son the Arrow two wounded with, ob.) (sub.). they say 9 Ma"tc. Ga"' t'fea biama. IgAq an ifikd ihe uhna te eddce-hnan' a, Grizzly bear. And killed him, they say. His wie the one to come you told when what said habitn- I who for me you ally A-biamA Mactcif'ge ijin'ge i Adi fgta"xa -bi egan'. An'ha", A-biamd, said, they say Rabbit his son his father he asked his own, having. Yes, said, they say, they say Mantci6 ictA-jide ufhe tipAbi-ga haii, eh-hna"-ma"', A-biamA. ggifa"-biama. Grizzly bear eye red to come pass ye on I I said habitn- I have, said, they say. He said to they say. for meat ally him 12 E'di aki-biamA. jfjebe te ubAha" basnin'dihb amA e4aebe hi to. Ku- There reached home, Door the tent-front he passed in head they when he came in sight. (Sound they say. foremost as he lay say of bow) biamA. Ga"' Ma"tcl wa'tijinga t'dY a-biamA Mactcin'ge ijin'ge akA. Ma- they say. And Grizzly bear old woman he killed they say Rabbit his son the Rab- her (sub.). ctcif'ge Awahnafnk ce fa'din"in"akifaf a, A-biamA. Wf, wi, wi, a-biama. bit where are you who you pitied mine for me I said, they say. I, I, I, said, they say. 15 Za'd-qti-a''-biama. Ki jingA hAci akA, Wf-hnan ct 6dudha-maji to, A-biama. A great confusion they say. And young last the I alone even I did not follow them, said, they say. (sub.), Gan' dakA fAbin zanf t'dwagA-biama. Ga"', (fadi nf 6dacki fanaji" te And his (col.) three all he killed them, they say. And, Your water you go for you stand as father him tifA-ga, A-biamA Mactcin'ge ijin'ge akA. HA! jinadha, A-biamA Matcid pass on, said, they say Rabbit his son the 0! elder brother, said, they say Grizzly bear (sub.). 18 jin'ga um-icte ifikd. Ga"' AjawA-qti iAdi ifink jfgigOa-biamA. Dadfha, young left from he who. And having a very his father he who he with his they say. O father, shooting good time own man' d'liba irigAxa-ga ha, A-biamA. Ga"' man' gia xa-biamA, higaji ma"' i- arrow some make for me said, they say. And arrow made for they say, a great arrow un- him many ctan'-biamA. QitA-macan 'dna-sfqti io a-biami. Ga"' gan'-akAma gA-biamA: ished they say. Eagle feathers all alike he put on, they say. And after he sat awhile said as follows, they say: THE RABBIT AND THE GRIZZLY BEAR. 47 Dadiha, wA aha -idan-qti ka"'ba, A-biamA. A"', a-biama Mactcii'ge aka. 0 father, clothing good very I wish, said, they say. Yes, said, they say Rabbit the (sub.). Ga"' waAge win giAxa-biamA, danuhu wi"' amn. Can' wajin'ga ukidate juiga And hat one made for they say, owl one they say. In fact bird sewed body him together bfiga-qti wAaaha-biama. Ci hi"bd dgan danuhu akiwa unan'-biama. Si- 3 all very he clothed they say. Again moccasin so owl both he put they say. a on (wore) (ize man"in'-bi t0'di, Hi! hu! hu! 6-hnan-biami. d(nuhu wanan'huta"- step walked, they say when, Hh hul hu! said habitu- they say. Owl he made them hoot as ally hna"'-biama. Ca"' wajin'ga bfiiga hitan za'e'-qti-a"'-biamA. he walked, they say. In fact bird all crying made a great noise, they say. NOTES. The Grizzly bear went out very early each morning in search of buffalo. Having found the game, he used to get home by sunrise, when he informed the Rabbit. The Rabbit, who was very swift, could chase the buffalo and kill them; but the Grizzly bear was unable to do this, so he kept the Rabbit as his servant, calling him his younger brother. 43, 3. uh anwan$a mafigfiiL-ga. Uh, a contr. of ithe, to go out from camp to meet the hunters and help to bring the fresh meat home. "Begone, and tell them about me, so that they may come out for the fresh meat, and pack it into camp." The Bear took all the credit to himself. 43, 4. Sanssouci and F. LaFleche gave "tifAi-gh haft" instead of tifabi-gl hafi. The Kwapa egiha (Kansas, etc.) uses -bi" as a plural sign, where the Omaha egiha has "-i." 43, 6. b ugaqti, pronounced bfu+gaqti by Nudae-axa. 44, 7. wami hebe - -iigian-biama. The piece of clotted blood was about the size of two fingers. 44, 9. aba-u an ufan-bi egan, etc. The Bear got out of patience with the Rabbit, who insisted on carrying a piece of the meat. 44, 12. eskana, winisi, etc. The growth of the young Rabbit was as follows: (1) He commenced talking, saying words here and there, not speaking plainly or con- nectedly. (2) Next, he spoke without missing a word or syllable. (3) He became like boys who pull the bow and shoot very well, and who run a little now and then, but not very far. (4) He was as a youth who can draw the arrow, and who runs swiftly for ,some time. (5) He became a young man, one of those who carry the quiver and take wives. 45, 7. naji, a word implying anger on the part of the speaker. 45, 10. hebe agi'i" 'iQaog t6. "You must speak to him for a piece that you can carry yourself." 45. 16. ie t6 6gijanji-hnan, etc. Why, Rabbit, you have not been using such lan- guage, but (now) you are active." 45, 19. an"onajuaji, equal to afAc'aje---dai"-napaji. See fifth myth, 23, 11. 46, 1. uginanqpa-biama. Omahas, etc., carry their bows, when not in use, with one end of the string loose. When they wish to string the bow, they bend it with the foot, and put the string on the other end.-L. Sanssouci. 48 THE pEGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. 46, 4. naji, 6gan-qti inahnin eskan. "I suspect that you have been treating my father just so." 46, 12. ubahan basnindih6 ama. A case of hapax legomenon. F. La Flbche would read "Kida-biama, he shot at her," instead of "Ku-biama," which is not plain to him. 46, 16. 4iadi, etc. The Rabbit's son adopted the kind young Grizzly bear as his younger brother; hence the elder Rabbit became the adoptive father of the Grizzly bear. 46, 19. hegaji, pronounced here as he+gaji. 46, 20, ifa a-biama. Instr. from afa, to stick on, as with glue. TRANSLATION. The Grizzly bear came home, having been 'scouting for the Rabbit. And the Rabbit went to attack the herd. The Rabbit killed a very fat buffalo. "Begone and tell about me, that they may come after the meat," said the Grizzly bear. "Pass ye on to the red-eyed Grizzly bear, to help him pack the meat!" said the Rabbit. Oh! my husband's brother, in which direction?" said the female Grizzly bear. And they departed. They brought home all of the buffalo meat. And there were four young Grizzly bears. And the youngest one pitied the Rabbit. He used to bring him by stealth a part of what they ate. And on the next day the Grizzly bear said to him again: "Rabbit, your chasing-place is full of game." "0 elder brother!" said the Rabbit, "I am putting on my moccasins." And he attacked them. Again he killed a very fat buffalo. The Grizzly bear went thither. "Begone and tell about me, that they may come after the meat," said the Bear. And the Rabbit was going homeward. "Pass ye on to the red-eyed Grizzly bear, to help him to pack the meat!" said the Rabbit. "Oh! my husband's brother, in which direction?" said the female Grizzly bear. And they went to pack the meat. And they brought home all the meat on their backs. And the young Grizzly bear brought him a piece again. And the Grizzly bear said as follows: "I think that you took a piece to-some one." The next day he was returning from scouting. "Rabbit, your chasing-place is full," said the Grizzly bear. "0 elder brother! I am putting on my moccasins," said the Rabbit. And he attacked them. Again he killed a very fat buffalo. The Bear arrived there. "Begone and tell about me, that they may come after the meat," said the Grizzly bear. "O elder brother! I will carry my own piece," said the Rabbit. "Qa-i! He wishes to carry meat! Begone and tell about me, that they may come after the meat," said he. And he got out of patience with him, as the Rabbit insisted on carry- ing his own piece. And the Rabbit cut the meat several times with a knife, causing pieces to come off. And the Rabbit seized a piece of blood ard put it into his belt.- What have you been taking," said the Grizzly bear. 0 elder brother! I have taken . nothing," said the Rabbit. Holding the Rabbit by the nape of the neck, he pressed him repeatedly in the blood. The Rabbit cried. And he approached to tell them to go after the meat. Having gone after the meat, they came to the lodge. And the Rabbit put at the side of the lodge this piece of blood which he had taken. It was night. And the Rabbit said as follows: "I hope, my child, that you may be as children who begin to talk suddenly, saying a word now and then." And when he had finished speaking to him, the blood said "Yes," like an infant. And it was so. And he said to him again: "I hope, my child, that you may be like children who speak plainly without missing a word." And it was so. And the Grizzly bear said, "With whom were you THE RABBIT AND THE GRIZZLY BEAR. 49 talking, as you sat for a while?" "Why, elder brother, I was talking with no one at all. I was sitting talking to myself," said the Rabbit. Again he said to him: I hope, my child, that you may be like boys who pull the bow wonderfully well, and run now and then for a short distance." And it became so very suddenly. And then he made him do it repeatedly. I hope, my child, that you may be like the youth who are grown, who pull the bow very well, and who are so active that they run a great distance." And it was so. "I hope, my child, that you may be like the young men whom I have seen carrying the quiver." And it was so. And it was day. "Come, Rabbit, your chasing- place is full," said the Grizzly bear. "Wait, elder brother, I am putting on-my mocca- sins," said the Rabbit. "Hasten, you who have not put on any moccasins, big-foot! much offensive odor! big eyeballs! mouth split in many places!" said the Bear. "Aha! 0 the villainy! I suspect that he treats my relation very much like that," said the Rabbit's son. "Yes, my child, he is used to treating me just so. He keeps me in great suffering, my child," said the Rabbit. "When he goes, I will lie looking at you, right above the descent of the hill where they have surrounded the herd from time to time. You must speak to him for a piece for you to carry," said the Rabbit's son. And when he attacked them, he killed a buffalo. The Grizzly bear arrived there. "Begone and tell about me, that they may come after the meat," said he. Now, elder brother, not so indeed," said the Rabbit. "I wish to carry a piece of my own, elder brother," said he. Qa-i! He truly wishes to carry! Begone and tell them about me, that they may come after the meat," said he. "Why! elder brother, I wish to carry my own piece," said the Rabbit. "Why! Rabbit, you have not been using such language, but you are active (at present)," said the Bear. "Why! elder brother, though it is not so, I too, elder brother, am used to being hungry, so I wish to carry my own piece (of meat)," said the Rabbit. "Why! I speak truly, Rabbit, you have some one to depend on, I think, therefore you have been abusing me somewhat in speech!" said the Grizzly bear. And when he said it to him again, he sent the Rabbit on his back repeatedly; he pushed him over very suddenly. The Rabbit's son was coming. And he was pulling several arrows out of his quiver as he was coming. The Rabbit's son strung his bow. "O younger brother, carry your own (meat), that which is on this side of you," said the Grizzly bear. He threw away suddenly the piece of fresh meat. I am unwilling, carry it (yourself)," said the Rabbit. And his son had come back thither. "0 the villainy! I suspect that you have been treating my relation just so," said the Rabbit's son. "Why! my child, your father can carry this. I have given all back to him," said the Grizzly bear. "Bosh! Carry it (your- self)," said the Rabbit's son, meaning the Grizzly bear. Having sent the Grizzly bear on his back repeatedly, the Rabbit's son shot at the Grizzly bear, wounding him with two arrows. And he killed him. What are you used to saying when you go to tell his wife to go and carry the meat?" said the Rabbit's son, questioning his father. "Yes," said he, "'Pass ye on to the red-eyed Grizzly bear, to help him to pack the meat,' I am used to saying," And he said it to him. He reached home. When he came in sight, and lay stretched out (on his stomach) at the front of the lodge, he pushed in head foremost at the door. "Ku!" (sound of the shooting). And the Rabbit's son killed the old woman Grizzly bear. "Where are you who pitied my relation, the Rabbit?" said he. "I-I-I," they said, making a great uproar. And the youngest one said, "I, alone, did not join with them (in maltreating him)." And the Rabbit's son killed these VOL. VI--4 50 THE (pEGIHA LANGUAGE--MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. three. And the Rabbit's son said, "Pass on (undisturbed), as you continue to fetch water for your father." Thank you, elder brother," said the young Grizzly bear who was left after the shooting of the others. And the Rabbit's son was with his father, having a very pleasant time. "Father, make some arrows for me," said he. And he made a great many arrows for him. He finished the arrows, fixing eagle feathers on all alike. And after he sat awhile, he said as follows: "Father, I wish very good clothing." Yes," said the Rabbit. And he made a hat for him; it was a great owl. Indeed, he clothed his whole body, sewing birds together. And he put on moccasins, both of which had great owls on them. When he walked a step, they used to say, "Hu! hu! hu!" He made the great owls hoot as he walked. And, in fact, all the birds cried and made a great uproar. THE YOUNG RABBIT AND ICTINIKE. TOLD BY NUDA"t-AXA. Mactcin'ge amA ggife Ictinie Akipa-biamA sabdji. Wuhu+! hA jucpa, Rabbit the at length Ictinike met they say suddenly. Wnhu*! 0 grandchild, (my. sub.) hA iucp4, A-biama. I"c'4ge, ed4ce tAda", a-biamA Mactcin'ge akA. lucp6ha, 0 grandchild, said, they say. Venerable what would you said, they say Rabbit the 0 grandchild, man, say (sub.). 3 wajif'ga wi" g infl'ke t'ean'kita-gq, A-biami. Ga"' kida-biamA. Kusan- bird one going homeward, cause me to kill it, said, they say. And shot at it, they say- Through the one that d6'-qti iean'qa-biama. UqpAB6 f amA. UAA ama jducpDaa", A'eanf'gi"A-ga. and through he put it, they say. Falling coming, they Lodged they 0 grandchild, pity me. say. (in a tree) say. HA jucpA, hA jucpA, pf-qti (A'ean'gi A-ga, A-biama. Ai'kaji, i"c'Age, aa"'boa 0 grandchild, 0 grandchild, again very pity me, said, they say. Not so, venerable I abandon man, it 6 tA mike; &ize man"in'-ga, A-biamA. Af'kaji, uucpAha, ma"' k6 Aida" tcabe will I who; to take it walk thou, said, they say. Not so, grandchild, arrow the good very (ob.) de hnizaji. ii B'be agi"' tAda", A-biama (Ictinike akA). Wiuhu+' -biama, but you take it if who have it shall said, they say Ictinike the (sub.). Really said, they say, not inc'Age uhd ga"'oa Inahin Aha". Ga"' wAgaha t6 Oionuda-biamA b gdga venerable to have wishes truly I And clothing the pulled off they say the whole. man his way 9 Q4abd t6 Ane aA-biamA. CBdu ct6 AoaskAbe te ha', A-biama. Eddcegan & Tree the climb- went, they say. There even stick will said, they say. What were you ing saying i"c'Age, A-biamA. Na! jicpaga.n eddha-mAji. Xaci wdahide i"'hi Aha", venerable said, they say. Why I grandchild what I said I not. A long far he has I man, time back gone for me eh4 mifnk, A-biamA. Ga"' 64 amega" ci 6 ga"-biama. C6u ct0 A6 askAbe I was saying, said, they say. And as he was going again so they say. There 'even let him stick THE YOUNG RABBIT AND ICTINIKE. te ha', a-biamA. Eddcegan said, they say. What were you saying a i"c'Age, a-biama. I venerable said, they say. man Na! iicpaea", eddha-.mjl. Whyl grandchild, what I Inot. said HAci wdahide in'hi Aha", ehd minkd, A-biama. Ga"' pd amtga" ci gga"- A long far he has I I was saying, said, they say. And as he was going again so time back reached for me biamA. Cdfu ct6 AoaskAbe te ha', a-biamA. Ed4cega" a incAge, A-biamA. 3 they say. There even let him stick said, they say. What were you I venerable said, they say. saying man Na! pIcpafan, eddha-mAji. Kan'ge i"'hi Aha", Why grandchild, I said what I not. Near at hand has reached for me ehi minkd, ing 6, A-biamA. I was saying, 0 first said, they say. born, Ga"' ci 0 amA ci egan-biamA. COdu ct6 a askabe te ha', A-biamA. Eddcega" And again he was again so they say. There even let him stick said, they say. What were going you saying a i"c'Age, A-biamA. Cdu ct6 A askabe, ehA A-biamA (Ictinike akA). 6 I venerable man, said, they say. There even he sticks, I said, said, they say. Ictinike the (sub.). Mactcin'ge akA jan' t6 Aaskaba-biamA. Rabbit the (sub.) tree the stuck to it they say. (ob.) Ga"' wafaha t6 a4aha-bi egan' And clothing the he put on, they having say ta'wafngan win 6'di ahi-bi ega"' nikagahi ijan'ge wi" gan/'-biam4. nation one there arrived, having chief his daughter one he married, they say. they say jinga akA waji"'cte aoA-biamA. young the in a bad humor departed, they say. (sub.) Egi e man'ciala uifxidA-biamA ixi dgioe 9 It came to on high she gazed they say when at length pass niacinga ga"' ta" amA, qfabd Aaskabe najin' ta" ifa-biami. person he was stand- they tree sticking to it who was stand- she found him, ing awhile say, ing they say. qfabd tM. GaqifaI-bi egan' jan' ko 6Autan-qti ndfa-biamA tree the Made it fall they having wood the straight towards made a fire, they (std.ob.) by cutting say (Ig. ob.) say. (ai to. Ga"' jdgge g'in-biamA dc de tedi. it to melt. And with her he sat they say fire at the. cuGd, A-biama. A' went to said they say. you he jigfe agoA-biamA. with him she went they say. homeward 'ha", e 'di ahfi Mde Yes, there he ar- but rived d6amA This one Ga"' gasA-biamA And she cut it, they say Egife nAqpan- At length she caused Nfaci"ga win 'Agfean'f Person one caused me to suffer wija ne my elder sister akA aixai, A-biamA. the married said they say. (sub.) him she tcAbe 12 very much Gan' And wAoixe uqi"'a fd ama an' Mactcin'ge ijin'ge to marry a sulky about go who did, they Rabbit his son man say juige agff, d-hnan-biamA, sahide-hnan'-biamA. with him she has said habitu- they say, ridiculing habitually they say. come home ally her Ga"' ahi-biamA. COdi" qiA 15 And he ar- they say. That eagle rived (my. ob.) win cusd hau. Mactcii'ge ijin'ge da"be 4gan te, A-biamA. one goes to you I Rabbit his son do let him be coming in said, they say. sight Kfde Agaji- To shoot theycom- at it mended biama. (Mactcin'ge ijin'ge akA kai'g6-qtci ahi-bianmA 31 wA4aha akA they say. Rabbit his son the near at hand very arrived they say when clothing the (sub.) 'sub.) wajifiga igidahani te fi t6, huitan-biamA Ictinike akA gA-biamA: GAqtan- 18 bird knew its own coming cried they say. Ictinike the said, as follows, They always the (hooted) (sub.) they say: hnani ha. Qfiji dga" gfin'i-ga, A-biama.) do so Silent so sit ye said, they say. Cuao qiA wi" halid, A-biamA. Goes to eagle one said, they say. you 52 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES. AND LETTERS. Mactcif'ge ijif'ge 6anbe Agajii-ga hau, A-biama. Ictinike amA d(a"be Rabbit his son to come in command ye said, they say. Ictinike the (my. comng\in sight sub.) sight ahf-biam. AimustA-qti ihe ama. Kida-bi egan' muonan-biamA. &Uakn arrived, they say. Directly above it passed they He shot at it, having he missed it, they say. this one say. they say 3 Ama akA 6anbe ahi-biamA. Ga'te-qti q5i danbe ahi-bi [i hifuga fda"- the other one in sight arrived, they say. A great while when in sight arrived when tribal circle right they say beajA-qti gawi xe mani"'-biamA qi ami. K de ( da-biama 3i t'da- through the circled around walked they say eagle the (my. Shot at with they say when killed middle sub.). him force him biamA. Wubh t'dfai hau, A-biami. T nai'! Mactein'ge ijin'ge 4 aka 3i, they say. Wuhul he killed I said, they say. Why! Rabbit his son that the one when, him (I) 6 A-biama. T'& ai t6 ucka"' dan'di ahi-bi [i hinqpd wi" uifqpa0A-bikdamA. said, they say. He killed it deed the (place) arrived, when fine feather one had fallen, they say. where they say 9 (iza-biam O. GAk6 ihdU a-ga, A-biama, wa'u d waka-bi ega"'. Qi A fkinA- He took it, they That put it away, said they say, woman that he meant, having. Eagle contended say. (Ig.ob.) he they say for biamA nfaci"ga b(Alga. Igasani q [ an"ba amA MAca" ihdoa06 ko da"bA-ga they say men all. The next day when day they say. Feather you put away the look at it ha, A-biamA. Da"ba-biama. Hi"+! A-biamA. (oaquba-biamA. J( inki said, they say. Saw it, they say. Oh! said they say. Spoke in wonder, they This one she say. who qiA biiga-qti-a"' inkd, A-biamA. Inc'Age di"n ma"nin'-gA, A-biamA. Ga' eagle the whole the one said they say. Venerable take it to him said they say. And who, she man he d6in ahi-biamA. Egasani T, Cue d qi~A wi" had, A-biamA. Mactcin'ge ijin'ge having she arrived, they The following when, Goes eagle one I said, they say. Rabbit his son it for say. day to you him 12 doanbe Agajfi ga hau, A-biama. Ictinike amA 4danbe ahf-biamA. Amusta- to appear command ye said, they say. Ictinike the (my. in sight arrived, they say. Directly sub.) qti fhe amA. Kida-bi ega"' muona"-biamA. (tIakA Ama akA Oa"be ahi- above it they He shot at it, having he missed it they say. This one the other one in sight ar- passed say. they say. rived biamA. Gan't6-qti i[i da"be ahi-bi 31 hliiuga fdanbeaa-qti gawin'xe they say. A great while when in sight arrived, when tribal circle right through the circled around they say middle 15 ma"nin'-biama qi0A ama. Kide (6da-biamnA [i t'da-biamA. Wuhi! t'dfai walked they say eagle the (my. Shot at with force, they when he killed him, they Wnhun he killed sub.). him say say. him hau, A-biamA. T na'I Mactcin'ge ijin'ge 6 akA 3i, A-biamA. T'doai t6 I said, they say. Whyl Rabbit his son that the one when, (?) said, they say. He killed it ucka"' oan'di ahi-bi :i hi"qpd win uifqpaA-bikdamA. (izA-biamA. GA- deed the (place) arrived, when light feather one was falling they say. He took it, they say. That where they say 18 ko ihd8a-ga Egasani i an'ba ama. MAca" ihdoaSe kU da"bA-ga ha, (lg. ob.) put it away. The next day when day they say. Feather you put away the look at it (lg. ob.) A-biama. DanbA-biamA. Hi"+! A-biamA. (aquba-biamA. (eoinkd qi said, they say. Saw it they say. Oh said they say. Spoke in wonder, they This one eage she say. boiga-qti-a"' ifink, A-biami. e whole the one said they say. who she Inc'Age 6jin man"iff-gg, A-biamA. Venerable take it to him, said they say. man he Ga"' d i" And hang it for him THE YOUNG RABBIT AND ICTINIKE. ahf-biamA. egasani VY, Cud qitA win hau, A-biamA. Mactcifi'ge ijin'ge arrived, they say. The next day when, Goes to eagle one said, they say. Rabbit his son you ianbe Agajfi-ga hail, A-biama. Ictinike amA 6qanbe ahi-biamA. AmustA-qti to appear command ye I said, they say. Iotinike the (my. in sight arrived, they say. Directly above sub.) ihe amA. Kfda-bi ega"' m'ona"-biama. ( akA Ama akA da"nbe ahi-biamA. 3 it passed, they He shot at it, having he missed it they say. his one the other one in sight arrived, they say. say. they say Gai't6-qti Ti &da"be ahi bi 3[i hIIuga idanbeajA-qti gawin'xe man in'-biamA A great while when in sight arrived, when tribal circle right through the circled around walked they say they say middle qig t amA. Kfde 04da-biamA !i t'6da-biama. Wuhu! t'd.ai hau, A-biamA. eagle the (m. He shot with force, they when he killed him, they Wuhul he killed I said, they say. sub.). at him say say. him Tan'! Mactcin'ge ijin'ge 4 akA 3[i, A-biamA T'dfai t6 uckan' &an'di ahi-bi 6 Why! Rabbit his son that the when said, they say. He killed it deed the (place) arrived (sub.) (1) where they say ifi hi"qpd win upiqpajA-bikdamA. (izA-biama. GAkU ihta-gA. Igasani when light one was falling, they say. He took it, they say. That put it away. The next feather (1g. oh.) day San'ba amA. MAcan ihh4ae 6 k dan"b-ga hla', A-biama. Da"bA-biamA. when day, they say. Feather you put away the look at it said, they say. Saw it they say. (1g. ob.) Hin+! A-biamA. (aquba-biama. (dfinki qi(A bfiga-qti-a=' inkd, 9 Oh! said she, they say. Spoke in wonder, they say. This one eagle te whole the one who, A-biamA. Inc'Age 6di" manuin'-gg, A-biamA. Ga"' din ahi-biamA. Egasani said they say. Venerable take it to him, said they say, And having arrived, they say. The next she man he it for him day ai, Cued qi0A win ha-t, A-biamA. Mactcin'ge ijin'ge 6fanbe Agajfi-ga ha6, when, Goes to eagle one said, they. Rabbit his son to appear command ye I you A-biamA. Ictinike ama d6a"be ahf-biamA. AmustA-qti ihe amA. Kida-bi 12 said, they say. Iotinike the (mv. in sight arrived, they say. Directly above it passed they He shot at it sub.) say. they say egan' muonan-biamA. Ama akA d6a"be ahi-biamA. Gan't6-qti qi d(a"be having he missed it they say. The other in sight arrived, they say. A great while when in sight ahf-bi II hduuga fda"beajA-qti gawin'xe manpin/-biamA qiA amA. Kide arrived, when tribal circle right through the circled around walked they say eagle the (my. He shot they say middle sub.). at him 4 f a-biamA qi t'dfa-biamA Wuhub t'dgai haii, A-biamA. Tr na'! Mactcifnge 15 with force, they when he killed him, they Wuhul he killed I said, they say. Why I Rabbit say say. him ijif'ge 6 akA 3[i, A-biamA. T'dai t6 ucka'' Can'di ahi-bi qi hinqpi win his son that the when, said, they say. He killed it deed te (place) arrived, when light one (sub.) (0) where they say feather uqfqpaoA-bikdamA. (izA-biamA. GAk6 ih(da-g. iegasani f4n an'ba was falling, they say. He took it, they say. That(lg. ob.) put it away. The next day when day amA. MAca" ihdca kU danbA-ga ha', A-biamA. DanbA-biamA. B[in+! 18 they say. Feather you put away the look at it said, they say. Saw it they say. Oh! (1g. ob.) A-biamA. (aqiba-biamA. (JX4ink qipA boAga-qti-an' ginkd, A-biamA. said they say. Spoke in wonder, they This one eagle the whole the one who said they say. she say. she Inc'Age din ma"fin/-gq, A-biamA. Gan' d4in ahi-biami. Ki, Ahad! A-biamA. Venerable take it to him, said they say. And having arrived, they say. And, Welll said, they say. man he it for him 54 THE QEGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS, (dxe-gan iu cdtW i"c'age wawAci-de i"'i" agi te, a-biama. Ga"' ean'ba ama Drum that venerable employ some one, for me let him said, they say. And that day it was, (ob.) man and bring it home they say Yi Ictinike akA lahipezi poji'-qti A6ahA-bi t6 ama. Ki Mactcin'ge ijin'ge when Ictinike the an old, worn bad very he had put on, they say. And Rabbit his son (sub.) piece of tent-skin 3 e w6Aaha A ahai Mde gi'i tA akama. Ga"' nanonuida-biamA wan'gife. Ci that clothing he wore but he was about to give it And he kicked it off, they say all. Again (one) back, they say. Ahnaha tiga" Ahnaha g#iza-ga ha, cet6, A-biama Mactcin'ge ijifi'ge aka. you wear in order that you wear it take your own that said, they say Rabbit his son the (ob.) (sub.). Ga"' 'i-biamA. e wAggizA-biamA. A paha-bi ega"' 6ginaji"'-biama, hinbd And he gave it to hat he took his own, they Put on, they having ho stood in his own, they moc- him, they say. say. say say, casi 6 cti ulan'-biama. Ga"' Mactcifi'ge ijin'ge akA dxe-ga-[y utin'wakiA-bi egan' too he put on, they say. And Rabbit his son the drum caused them to strike having (sub.) Ictinike ma"'ci e4kioA-biamA. Ictinike high sent him they say. biamA. Ga"' gat'd amA. they say. And died by falling, they say. Ga"' wdahide hi 3i el~ta" uqpqa6 giki4a- And far arrived when thence to fall caused him to be returning NOTES. This myth follows directly after the preceding one, in which the elder Rabbit gives his son the wonderful clothing. Ictinike is doubtless the joiwere Ictinike. The lowas say that Ictinike was the son of Pi, the Sun. Ictinike was guilty of the sin of Ham, and was therefore expelled from the upper world. He is usually the deceiver of the human race, and once he is the benefactor of a few persons. The Iowas say that he taught the Indians all the bad things which they know. According to an Omaha myth, he taught all the war customs. In one myth (No. 13) he is himself overreached by other animals. In the myth of Haxige Ictinike assumes the form of Hega, the Buzzard. 50, 9. ceou ct6 agaskabe te ha (let him) stick even there where you are. 51, 4. ifigoo, contraction by degrees from iligoan hal; ifig hau; ifng af; iligfo Compare the pronunciation of gaqa-uyici (almost "gaq64ici"). 51, 7. Ictinike took the Rabbit's son's clothing while he was up the tree; and ran away with it, pretending to be the Rabbit's son. 52, 5. Mactcifige ijfige 6 aka [i. Sanssouci said that it denoted the surprise of the people, who did not know that it was the Rabbit's son who had come among them: "Why, when that one is the Rabbit's son (we did not recognize him at first)I" 52, 6. hi"qpe wi" u4iqpaaa-bik6amd, literally; fine feather, one, it lay (ke), they say (biama), having been caused to fall (uoiqpa 6). 52, 7. qifa ikina-biama, etc. All the men contended for the Eagle, each one struggling to get the most feathers, and to keep the others away. The whole Eagle was there, the Rabbit's son having turned it into a light feather on the preceding day by magic. 54, 1. iPin agf te denotes that the men who brought the drum lived in the lodge with the Rabbit's son. Sanssouci prefers to read, "i" i" a-i tai," let them who live THE YOUNG RABBIT AND ICTINIKE. elsewhere, not here, bring it to me; or, "i"9i"wakif to ha," let him cause them to bring it to me. 54, 1. i'c'Age, his wife's father. 54, 3. ci ahnaha tega ahnaha gfiza-gA hb, ce te. It refers to Ictinike's old cloth- ing, which he had left when he ran off with the good clothing of the Rabbit's son. 54, 5. figinajin-biama implies a plural animate object, i. e., the birds on his cloth- ing. Ordinarily, uginajin-biama is the proper word. The first day that Nudan-axa told this myth, he said as follows: "The old men beat the drum once, and Ictinike jumped up. When they beat it the second time, Ictinike leaped higher. Then he leaped still higher when they struck it the third time. ".Stop! stop!" said Ictinike to the Rabbit's son. But the Rabbit's son made the men beat the drum the fourth time, when Ictinike jumped so high, that when he came down he struck the ground and the shock killed him." Sanssouci never heard this of the Rabbit, but of Wahawicige, the Orphan, as Mac'awakude told me once. TRANSLATION. At length the Rabbit met Ictinike suddenly. "Wuhu+! O grandchild! O grand- child!" said Ictinike. "Venerable man, what would you say?" said the Rabbit. " O grandchild, kill for me the one bird that is sitting down on its way homeward," said he. And the Rabbit shot at it. He shot it through the body, the arrow coming out on the other side. It came falling. It lodged in a tree. "O grandchild! pity me, your relation. O grandchild! O grandchild! pity me, your relation, again," said he. "No, venerable man, I will abandon it. Go thou and take it," he said. "No, O grandchild, the arrow is very good, but if you do not take it, who shall have it?" said he. "Really!" said he, "the venerable man truly wishes to have his way!" And he pulled off all of his clothing. He went climbing the tree. "Even there where you are, let him stick!" said Ictinike. "What were you saying, venerable man?" said the Rabbit. "Why, grandchild! I said nothing. I was saying 'He has gone far for me for a long time!'" And as he was going (up the tree) it was so again. "Stick even there where you are!" he said. "What were you saying, vener- able man ?" said he. "Why, grandchild! I said nothing. I was saying He has gone far for me for a long time!'" he said. And as he was going it was so again. "Stick even there where you are!" he said. What were you saying, venerable man?" said he. "Why, grandchild! I said nothing. O first-born son! I was saying 'He has nearly reached it for me!'" he said. And again as he was going, it was so again. "Stick even there where you are!" said he. "What were you saying, venerable man?" he said. "I said, 'Stick even there where you are!"' The Rabbit stuck to the tree. And having put on the clothing, Ictinike went to a village, and married one of the chief's daughters. The younger one departed in a bad humor. It came to pass that she gazed on high, and behold a person was standing awhile; she found him standing sticking to the tree. And she cut down the tree. And having made it fall by cutting, she made a fire all along the (fallen) tree. And she caused (the glue?) to melt. And he sat with her by the fire. "A person who made me suffer very much went to you," he said. Yes," said she, he arrived, but my elder sister took him for her husband." And she went homeward with him. This one who was sulky about marrying a man, and went away, has come back with the son of the Rabbit," they 56 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. were saying, ridiculing her. And they arrived. "That moving animate object, an eagle, goes to you! Do let the Rabbit's son come in sight," they said, referring to Ictinike. They commanded (some one) to shoot at it. When the Rabbit's son arrived very near at band, the birds on the clothing knew his coming, and cried out. Ictinike said as follows: They always do so. Sit ye in silence," he said. "An eagle goes to you.!" said they (the villagers). "Command ye the Rabbit's son to appear," they said. Ictinike came in sight. It passed directly above him. He shot at it and missed it. This other one (the Rabbit's son) came in sight. When he had been in sight a very great while, it (the eagle) went circling around at the very center of the tribal circle. When he shot at it with force, he killed it. Wuhu he killed it. Why! that one is the Rabbit's son," they said (or, that one ought to be the Rabbit's son). When they reached the place where it was killed, a fine feather had fallen. He took it. Put that away," said he, meaning the woman (i. e., as the one he addressed). All the men contended for the eagle. On the morrow it was day. Look at the feather which you put away," said he. She looked at it. She said, "Oh!" She spoke in wonder. "This is the whole eagle," said she. "Take it to the venerable man (your father)," said he. And she took it to him. On the following day, they said, "An eagle goes to you! Command ye the Rabbit's son to appear." Ictinike came in sight. It passed directly above him. He shot at it and missed it. This other one came in sight. When he had been in sight a very great while, it went circling around at the very center of the tribal circle. When he shot at it with force, he killed it. "Wuhu he killed it. Why, that one is the Rabbit's son!" said they. When they reached the place where it was killed, a fine feather had fallen. He took it. Put that away," said he. On the morrow it was day. Look at the feather which you put away," said he. She looked at it. She said, Oh!" She spoke in wonder. This is the whole eagle," said she. "Take it to the venerable man," said he. And she took it to him. On the following day they said, "An eagle goes to you! Command ye the Rabbit's son to appear." Ictinike came in sight. It passed directly over him. He shot at it and missed it. This other one came in sight. When he had been in sight a very great while, it went circling around at the very center of the tribal circle. When he shot at it with force, he killed it. Wuhu! he killed it. Why, that one is the Rabbit's son," said they. When they reached the place where it was killed a fine feather had fallen. He took it. Put that away," said he. On the morrow it was day. Look at the feather which you put away," said he. She looked at it. She said, "Oh!" She spoke in wonder. "This is the whole eagle," said she. "Take it to the venerable man," said he. And she took it to him. On the following day they said, "An eagle goes to you! Command ye the Rabbit's son to appear." Ictinike came in sight. It passed directly above him. He shot at it and missed it. This other one came in sight. When he had been in sight a very great while, it went circling around at the very center of the tribal circle. When he shot at it with force, he killed it. Wuhu! he killed it. Why, that one is the liabbit's son!" they said. When they reached the place where it was killed, a fine feather had fallen. He took it. Put that away." On the following morning it was day. Look at the feather which you put away," said he. She looked at it. She said, Oh!" She spoke in wonder. "This is the whole eagle," she said. Take it to the venerable man," said he. And she took it to him. And he (the Rabbit) said, "Well! Let the venerable man employ some persons SIQEMAKAN'S ADVENTURE AS A DEER. 57 to bring the drums hither for me." And on that day Ictinike had put on a very bad and worn-out piece of an old tent-skin. And he had worn the clothing of the Rabbit's son, but he was about to give it back to him. And he kicked off all (i. e., the Rabbit kicked off what he had on, Ictinike's former clothing.) "Take that your own again in order to wear it," said the Rabbit's son. And he gave it to him. The Rabbit took that, his own. Having put it on, he stood in his own (clothing), he also put on (his) moccasins. And the Rabbit's son having caused them to beat the drums, sent Ictinike up high in the air. And when he reached a distant point, he caused him to come back falling thence. And Ictinike died by falling. SI(EMAKA`'S ADVENTURE AS A DEER. TOLD BY JIA4I-NA"PAJI, AN OMAHA. Sid4maka" i[a"' jig&e jugig#A-biami enA-qtci. Egife wa'- faAbfi" Sitemaka his dwelt in he with his they say alone. It happened woman three grandmother a lodge own aed amama. Sifimaka"-d, wa'4 afigae taf he, A-biama. Hin+! winan, were going, they say. Si emaka 01 to hoe we go will said they say. Ohl first daughter they, fdk6 wakdg edegan' (AfuhA-qtci in't'e hd, A-biami i:yan' akA. (ajAi V 3 this sick but nearly dead to said, they say his the Yo doubt if (1g. oh.) me grandmother (sub.). dan"bi-a hd, fdk7, a-biama. Dan"b-bi qi maqide a"n'ha kW'di ca"'-qti look at him this the said they say. They saw they when ashes edge by the just so (1g. ob.) she him say uifdatan ja"'-biamA, xagd ja"'-biamA Si emaka" akA, Ha"! han! ha"! turning himself he lay they say, crying he lay they say Sitemaka" the (sub.), Ha hal ha'! DanbA-biama wa'ui Abfin akA. Hin+! ci[a"', wi'ke-qtci-a"' wa'djifga. 6 They saw they say woman three the (sub.). Oh! husband's she told the exact truth old woman. him sister, (a uha-qtci t'd kd, a -biamA. AgA-biamA wa'ui abi"n amA. An"'a- Nearly very dead he lies, said, they say. Went they say woman three the (sub.). They left him biamA. An"'a a4A-bi [i Si dmaka" akA pahan AtiAfa-biama. NanhA, they say. Leaving him they they when Sisemakas the (sub.) arose suddenly they say. Grand- went say mother. cdk6 Iaornin'g#ickahA ijiha in't"i -g6 A-biamA. Gi'i dfa-biamA. Sid-- 9 that spotted fawn skin bag band to me said they say. Gave suddenly they say. Site- (lg. ob.) he, him makan bfiga uginajin'-biamA, lAqti gaxA-biamA. Egan id baha'-qti maka" the whole stood in his own they say, deer made they say. So side middle of very rounded part a"n ma"' win ubAxa" gaxA-biamA, i wamf gaxA-biamA. Naf'ge ga" the arrow one sticking in made they say, mouth blood made they say. Running so (ob.) afA-biamA Wa'i Abfin wa'd-ma-,a ahf-biamA. Hanbifi'ge wa'd man2i"'- 12 he went, they say. Woman three those hoeing to arrived they say. Beans hoeing waed biamA wa'ui amA. Hin+! cihan', ~Aqti win (e t'dP -qtian' f i" he, A-biama. they say woman the (sub.). Oh! brother's deer one this badly wounded he is com- said they say. wife ing she 58 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. Ai"u' a#A-biama. Ca"' wani'gi-qti wa'A am4d iqa-biam4. Afi"' afA-bi Having they went, they say. And a very woman the (sub.) chased it, they say. Having they went him him they say, ga"' utin' i1 gaona'gi ga"' wdahid6'-qti wA ni" ahi-biama. so they hit when missed when it so far very having he arrived, they got to him them say. Wiubeni agi- Going round coming them back 3 biamA Sildmaka" ama. Agf-bi ega"n' jiha ginan'onudd-bi ega"' hanbqin'ge theysay Si4emaka" the (sub.). Coming back, having bag pulled off they having beans they say say itdgi06 uji-biamA ujiha k6. 'I"' #d#a-bi ega"' ag~A-biam6 i[an"' ifikd putting put in they say bag the Carried sud- they having he went they say. his the (ob.) together (ob.). denly say homeward grandmother gilad6. I[a"' ifik6'di 'i' aki-biamA. drew near His to the carrying he reached home, his own. grandmother they say. 6 ihdUa-ga, A-biamA. QAde nan'de ki put away, said they say. Grass side of tent at he biamA. KI wa'ui oAbqin agf-biamA. they say. And woman three coming back, they say. Ha"ha, diaka Ajiha Grand- this one sack mother, here Anaqq hiding i'a dgih id0a-biama, Anaqo ihdta- the headlong she sent they say, hiding she put it suddenly Na! wa'Ajinga ijciepa ha"ba ii'ge Why! old woman your grand- beans cluld aflif'ai ta"'cti waf'gice'-qti wd'in agfi t6 hd, A-biama. we hoed for heretofore all very carrying was coming said, they say. ourselves for us back she 9 an'kaji'-qti-an hd. not so very Hin+! winan', Oh! first daughter, (Qdk wakdge ctanbai t6 ca"can'-qti-an hd, a-biamA. This sick you saw as he continues very said they say. (1g. ob.) she Da"bA-biamA N[i, Hin+! cia"', wifn'k-qti-an hd, n44uhA-qtci t'd ke hd, They saw they say when, Oh! brother's she told the exact truth nearly very dead helies wife, A-biamA. Ag4A-biamA wa' said they say. Went they say woman she homeward 12 Wa(Ate juigiggA-biama xa Eating he with his they say. Grand own A amA. HanhA, kd, uhan'-ga, a-biama. an the (sub.). Grandmother, come, cook them, said they say. he "hA, uAgacan btd te, a-biamA. Man'd& k6 mother, I travel I go will said they say. Bow the he (ob.) gofza-bi egan' atA-biamA. Can'-qti qAde ckube siddhi ckAbe Adan-qti took his they having hewent, they say. All at once grass deep siduhi deep good very own say an e'di ahf-biamA. QAde *ibdi ian"'-biamA. Can'-qtci ag 4 amA. Akf- the there he they say. Grass he made it round they say. All at once he went they say. Reached (ob.) arrived homeward home 15 bi ega"' xagd-hna" gAxe gin'-biamA. E ta" (axAge A, a-biami iNa"' they having crying regu- made he sat they say. Why you cry I said they say his grand- say larly she mother akA. the (sub.). An'ha", [anhA, Acka" wi" an/bahi dde tdqi higaji, a-biamA. EdAda" Yes, grand- deed one Iam picked but difficult not a little, said, they say. What mother, out he tdqi qi ga"' uond te hd, A-biamA. [anhA, watefgaxe an'bahi, A-biama. difficult if so you tellit will said, they say. Grandmother, to dance I am picked said, they say. she out, he 18 Ede, 5[anhA, A aze jAwigigpe te af, A-biamA. Awate tdqi tW ga"r' 'di But grandmother, to chorus I with you will they he they say. Where difficult the still there said, said (ob.)' angAie td, A-biamA wa'Ajinga akA. E'di ahf-biamA i, )"ganh, e dde we go will, said, they say old woman the (sub.). There arrived, they say when, Grandmother, this but SIJEMAKAN'S ADVENTURE AS A DEER. 59 nan'te ~ictan' AkiAgoai ke, A-biama. Ca"'-qti ga" man'd6 jin'ga gifza- dancing finished they have gone saidthehey say. All at once bow little took his homeward he own bi ega"' nanti-biamn. 14a"' i inkW azA-biamA. Iyan"' ifik uiiggiqi- they having he danced they say. His grand- the chorused they say. His grand- the he made sport say mother (st. one) mother (st. one) of his own biamA. 3 they say. NOTES. Sanssouci said that Mactcinge-i", the Rabbit, was Sifemakan. The latter name cannot be translated, the meaning being unknown. 57, 9. laonifgfickaha, i. e., paqti jifiga, ha k6 gfeje, the spotted skin of a fawn. 57, 10. fi6 baha'', the projecting part of the side of an animal. The side of a human being cannot have this term applied to it. 58, 2. uti" gacnan'gi to strike at an object, missing it when the weapon reaches it. 58, 3. ujiha gina"onuda-bi, he pulled off his skin (or sack) by the feet. 58, 4. 'i" oeqa-bi, he put it on his back suddenly. Gijade shows that his lodge was near the place where he stole the beans. 58, 8. The reply of the old woman to the three was in a quavering voice. 58, 13. siduhi. See Dictionary. 58, 14. Qade fibul ifan-biama. F. La Fleche read, QAde ki'di fibu4 ifa"-biama: Grass, on the, he became round (by pulling his legs and body together as he lay down). 58, 16. anbahi, from bahi, to pick up, gather up; used here instead of a"a"ha, I am selected. 59, 3. gafin-na"paji said that the rest of this myth was "shameful," so he would not tell it. TRANSLATION. Sifemakal dwelt alone in a lodge with his grandmother. It came to pass that three women were going (along). "O Sifemakan," said they, "we are going to hoe (our ground)." "Oh! first daughter, this one lies sick and he is nearly dead to me," said his grandmother. "If you doubt it, look at him as he is lying." When they saw him, just so was he lying, turning himself by the edge of the ashes. Site- makan lay crying, "Ha"! han! ha"!" The three women saw him. "Oh! husband's sister, the old woman told the exact truth. He lies very nearly dead," said one. The three women departed. They left him. When they went and left him, Sifemaka" arose suddenly. "Grandmother, hand to me that spotted fawn-skin bag," he said. She tossed it to him suddenly. Siiemakan stood in the whole of it, he became a deer. He made an arrow sticking right in the middle of his side; he made his mouth bloody. So he went running. He reached the women who were hoeing. The women went along hoeing beans. "Oh! brother's wife, this deer is coming badly wounded," said one. They went along with it. And all the women chased it. Having gone along with it, they hit at it and missed it, the weapon striking in the air. So he took them to a very great distance. Going around them. Sifemakan was return- ing. Having returned he pulled off his sack at the feet, and collecting the beans he put them in the sack. Putting it on his back suddenly, he went homeward to his grand- mother, who was near by. He carried it home to his grandmother. "Grandmother, put this sack in a hiding-place," said he. She plunged it suddenly under the grass at 60 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. the side of the lodge; she put it away and hid it. And the three women returned. "Why! old woman, your grandchild was coming back hither carrying away from us all the beans that we had been hoeing for ourselves," they said. "Oh! first daughter, it is not so at all. This one lying sick continues just as you saw him," said she. When they saw him they said, "Oh! brother's wife, she told the exact truth. He lies very nearly dead." The women went homeward. "Grandmother, come, cook them," said he. He ate them with her. "Grandmother, I will go traveling," said he. Having taken his bow he departed. All at once he arrived at the very good and deep siduhi (deep grass). He became round, lying curled up in the grass. All at once he went homeward. l having reached home, he sat pretending to be crying. "Why do you cry ?" said his grand- mother. "Yes, grandmother, I am selected for a deed, but it is very difficult," said he. "If anything is difficult, still you will tell it," said she. "Grandmother, I am selected for a dance. But, grandmother, I must take you with me to sing the chorus," said he. "Let us go where the difficult thing is," said the old woman. When they arrived there he said, "Grandmother, this is it, but they have finished dancing and gone homeward." All at once he took his little bow and danced. His grandmother (sitting) sang the chorus. He made sport of (deceived) his grandmother ........ ICTINIKE, THE TURKEYS, TURTLE, AND ELK. TOLD BY dA In-NAnPAI. Zizika d'uba 6di amama higact6wan"ji. Man" edg ma"'ciadf-qti man'sa- Turkey some there were, they by no means a few. Ground edge very high arrow- say qti ma"'tadf-qti wabdhi amAma. Ictinike amA 6'di 4 amA. Wia-bi ega"' weed altogether within they were feeding, they Ictinike the there went they Foundthem, having say. (sub.) say. they say 3 can'-qti bamimaxe qA a agf-biama. Eita" aman wi boAt etida", e44ga"-bi at once bending his head back he was coming, How I do I I eat apt thought, they repeatedly again they say. say ega"' wdigea" gaxA-biami. Can'-qti mib[-ha waii"' betan'tan-bi ega"' f'i" having decision he made they say. At once raccoon-skin robe rolled up several having some- times, they say thing for carrying gaxA-biamA. 'In'-bi egan' ca"'-qti 1ai0'-biama. Zizika wabahi-ma he made, they say. Carried, having at once he ran they say. Turkey feeding the they say ones 6 wina'u-qtci an"i"'-biamA. Wuhu+! i"c'age 'a"' egan. Da"bai-gt, A-biamA passing close by he ran they say. Wuhu. old man something is See him, said, they say tnem tue matter. Zizika amA. NA! inc'Age 'an' dinte, A-biamd. A"'han, ga"- Turkey the Why venerable something may said they, they Yes, it is (sub.). man be the matter say. Ictinike akA. Ta"'wang a" d'dba ewdquqa te ai Sga", Ictinike the (sub.). Village some I sing for them will said having, 9 wa'a"' t6 agi'i" Ai"hd A a, a-biama. Uhd! inc'age, afigu' song the I have been carrying indeed, said they say. Oho! venerable we (ob.) mine he man. -qti-au', A-biama just so, said, they say afi'gi-ahi 4ga" come for me having cti annan't dga" too we dance some- what ICTINIKE, THE TURKEYS, TURTLE, AND ELK. tai, A-biamA Zizika amA. An'kaji, awAnaq i'-qti ma"b i"', A-biamA Ictinike will, said, they say Turkey the (sub.). Not so, I in a great hurry I walk, said, they say Ictinike akA. Angd cti inc'Age anna"'t 6ga" [i hnd te, A-biamA Zizika ama. Wuhu+! the We too venerable we dance some- when you go may, said, they say Turkey the Wuhu+! (sub.). man what (sub.). dada"', awAnaqoi" tcAbe da"'cti fana"'te ctd ctewa" jan' tai, A-biamA Ictinike 3 what, I in a hurry ver heretofore you dance notwithstanding you do will said, they say Ictinike much it aka. the (sub.). Haul kd, indakU, ul4win gii-ga, A-biamA Ictinike akA. Ho! come, let us see, collecting come ye said, they say Ictinike the hither, (sub.). Updwin Collecting agi-biamA they were coming, they say. A-biama. said they say. he A-biamA Ic said, they say I Gafi'ki waii"' ufib a-biamA. And robe he pulled they say. open Bay[uwixe anwan'(ica"'i-ga, Banding around go ye around me, LafigA-qti A t in"c, e "an'na'd-qtci ihe anwan'pica" na"tai-ga, 6 Big very ye who move passing very close to passing to go around me dance ye, me by :tinike akA. Ict-gip'i"zai-ga Egife ictA iAbfai [i ictA [ctinike the Eye shut ye Beware eye you open if eye (sub.). qijfde taf, A-biamA Ictinike akA. you red lest, said, they say Ictinike the (sub.). I"'be (fab Tail the (ob.) (imafi'ga-ba lift up and Oi'a'anfi-ga, spread ye out repeatedly A-biamA. Hau I kU, said, they say. Ho I come, na"tAi-gg, A-biamA. dance ye, said they say. he H wa-da"'-be oin-kw, Ho looker the one who _ I I I--- u- 4- i cti-ji-dd, eye red, jafigA-qti-ma dA Big very the head ones gOin'-biamA Ictinike akA. sat they say Ictinike the (sub.). i cth-ji-dd Hin'-be-hna" ni-'A-ni, hin'-be-hnan" i-'A-ni. eye red. Tail regularly flirt up, tail regularly flirt up. a"n iaan-bi ega"' d6 a" n waiqaqa"'-bi ega"' iijiha ujf 12 the he held them, having head the them he pulled offre- having bag filling (ob.) they say (ob.) peatedly, they say ljiha gata"'ha uji-biamA, uske'-qti ujf-biamA. Bag that high he filled, they say, full very he filled, they say. Zizika jin'ga snutA-bi Mde ibahan tA amAma, ictAxa xan gaxe main -biama. Turkey small half-grown, but was about to know it the eyes opened he made he walked they say. they say as he moved, a little now and then jganggg ai'gain"' cenAwaoo apaf. DAdan basklte. Big some- we who destroying us he goes. What angry. what A-biama. K't! An'he aoA-biamA. Haha+1 ga"'b said they say. (Sound of Fleeing they went, they Hal hal how he wings.) say. amA Ictinike akA. Iqa gaski wakan'diOA-biamA. say Ictinike the Laugh- panted excessively they say. (sub.). ing Gaf'ki ja"'jinfga nAqpe gasA-biamA. d( de t6 dga And stick roasting- he cut they say. Fire the all stick Ictinike akd akddega", 15 Ictinike the it was he stand- (sub.) ing, but idan wgnandeLaiOe, A-bi- asy I fill myself to reple- said, they tion, tJjiha k6 baqtA-biamA. Bag the he bound up, they say. ixe'-qti wAbasnan-biamA 18 around he put them to they say. roast 62 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. Nin'dewa6'-qti qi jan' win gakidha" dgan, 'I! A-biama. WabgAte t6'4a Almost done when tree one raised by the a little, 'I-, said. they say. I eat on ac- wind count of wAjeAji mifnk. Eata" aja"' a"'oastAge 6, A-biamA Ictinike akA. (e-hna"' I am roasting the collec- Why you do you cluck at me 9 said, they say Ictinike the This only tion. that (sub.). 3 egijan i cubed ta mike, uwitin tA mike, A-biama. E'di ahf-bi 311 you do it if I go to will I who, I hit you will I who, said they say. There he arrived, when you he they say can'-qti ijijinjidA-biamA. Gaf'ki nanbd t6 Anasanda-biami. Kagdhd, at once thrust in his they say. And hand the it closed on they say. Friend, arm repeatedly (ob.) itAqa kan'bqa gan cd-ma Kagdha, an' ictan'-ga, A-biamA. Ki fictan'-bji I laugh I wanted so those. Friend, let me go, said he, they say. And let go not 6 cancan/-biamA. Cd-ma hau+! wadfagiji. GddihehAi-gh hau+! a-biamA, continued they say. Those halloo I put my own pieces Go ye further away I said he, they say, there for safety. Ca"'aniga 4 waka-bi ega"'. Ictinike wadfji 4, A-biamA. Pahan'ga hi Big wolf that he meant, having. Ictinike he put pieces he said they, they Before reached they say away for says say. safety amA 4ehdqbabe iiabetan n att 'ffa-biamd. Inaxfia a0A-biamA. Akibina" the ones fat on stomach wrapped to eat spoke of it, they Dashing they went, they Running a race who around it say. say. 9 (6fa-biamA. i'di ahi-bi ega"' 0aqta-biamA. (asnin'-biamA. (Oasnin'-bi they went suddenly, There arrived, having they bit it they say. They swallowed it, they They swallowed they say. they say say. it, they say ega"' edaAia aA-biamA. Gaf'ki Anasan'de t6 yigficibA-biamA. having in different they went, they And closed on the it opened itself, they say. directions say. Gan'ki hide ki dga" can-qti jan'jinga k6' gisnibe ihUA gin"' And bottom got home having at once stick the (ob.) licked his putting was sit- own ting 12 akAma Ictinike aka. (bS amA niifi* ca ni blbuja ioa"'n k6 an"'ha ko they say Ictinike the e they say lake water several round put the border the (sub.). went ones (line of) (ob.) uhA man"in' amA. Egife 5jd1afiga nf a"n'ha k'di 6dedf ifik ama. following he walked they sag. It happened big turtle water border by the there was sitting, they say. (izA-biamd sin'de uan"'-bi egan'. Gacibe ain"' ahf-biama. Wdnandea[ig Took they say tail took hold of, having. Out from having he arrived, they I make myself full they say it say. 15 tatd Aha" gafi'iji, a-biamA. Jan fiqan'-biama ci. Jan AkastA-qti u'an'- shall I and then, said he, they say. Wood he broke they say again. Wood piled up high he put in biamA (Cdde to nAhegaji ga.x-biama. Ganf'ki gafiga maqide t6 they say Fire the (ob.) burning much he made, they say. And big turtle ashes the (ob.) mate ioda-biamA. Jdgea"-biamA Ci fatd tA akAma. Nin'deoo kan'ge under he sent suddenly, He put in the ov. ob. Again he was about to eat it. Cooked near they say. to roast, they say 18 qi'ji Ictinike akA ja"'tiifi/ge amA. Ajan'ta' an' ,fige. Nin'de 1i went when Ictinike the (sub.) sleepy they say. I am sleepy. Cooked when a"'hniqi te, ijan'xehA, A-biama. Jant'6 amA. Ja"tn' amA 3i nikacinga you awaken will, 0 ane, said they say. He was they say. He was they say when person me *he sound asleep sound asleep win' 6'di ahi-biamA. -aNdanga #iza-bi egan' #atA-biamA nikacinga akA. one there arrived, they say. Big turtle took, they say having ate it, they say person the (sub.). ICTINIKE, THE TURKEYS, TURTLE, AND ELK. 63 (asnin'-bi [i can'-qti sihi kU Neha ubAdanda"'-biamA. Na"be t6 Swallowed, they when at once feet the (ob.) turtle he thrust them against it, Hand the say shell one after another, they say. (ob.) onin'onind6'-qti giaxa-biamA, I t0' ctt oni"'onindo'-qti giAxa-biama. greasy (smeared) very he made for him, they mouth the too greasy very he made for him, they say, (ob.) say. Nikacinga aoA-biamA. Ictinike f iaA-biamA. GidAhan tie amA. 3 Person went they say. Ictinike awoke they say. He arose suddenly theysay. Wajedaiji in'najub6'-qti-a" td-ana, A-biamA. Sihi ke pionuda-bi egan' I roasted the col- it has been cooked entirely said they say. Feet the he pulled out, having election for myself too much for me he they say agi-biama. Wanaduge'-qti kd, A-biamA. Na! agoAte ate', 6 ama. Na! he was coming, (See note.) said they say. Why! I must have eaten said they say. Why! they say. he mine, he agoasnim" ajan' ate', amA. Na"be t6 gilan'be ega"', An'ha", agAsnin 6 I swallowed when I must have said they say. Hand the saw his own having, Yes, I have swal- mine slept he (ob.) lowed mifikd, A-biamA. Nixa *a" git'a" ihdoa-biamA. A"'ha", iAnand6'-qti- my own, said they say. Stomach the he felt his own lengthwise, they Yes, I am very he (ob.) say. ma"' mifnk, A-biamA. AOA-biamA 3[1 giae An'pa" hegactawan/ji edf- full indeed, said they say. He went, they say when it came Elk not a few by any means were he to pass there mAma. UgAs'i"-bi ega"' wioa-biamA Ictinike akA. HindA! (~-ma 9 they say. Peeped, they say having found them, they say Ictinike the (sub.). Stop! these awActafika te-ana, e*dgan-biamA. A 'npan Ama fia-bi ega"', (0 aka I tempt them will I (in hethought they say. Elk the (sub.) found him, having, This one thought) they say Ictinike akd akA, A-biama. KAge-safi'ga, wiebi"n aFinhU Aa, A-biama. Ictinike is the one said they, they Friend younger I am he I who move indeed said they say. say. brother, he KAge-safi'ga, 'a"' manhni"' t0 dga"-qti j gwigig(e manbi"' kan'boa, 12 Friend younger how you walk the just so I with you my own I walk I wish, brother, kAge-san'ga, A-biama Ictinike aka. Hau! inc'Age, uoAde Oing6'qtoi friend younger said, they say Ictinike the (sub.). Hol venerable cause for none at all brother, man, complaint Aha", A-biamA. QAde ddji p'a g6 3I'ji Auta" beAte ma"boi". Aqta" said they say. Grass weeds bitter the when straight I eat I walk. How pos- he (ob.) along sible tatd nan'de itisa tabAda", A-biamA. An'kaji ha, kage-san'ga, ma"hni"' 15 toeat heart thee good shall said they say. Not so friend younger you walk he brother, t0 ga-qti jiwigige manb ij' kan"'ba ab a, A-biamA. Upfhe tatd an'ja the just so I with you my I walk I wish indeed said they say. You shall have your though own he way nikacinga ukt ei" cka"' wecpaha" ja"' ga" cif'gajiiga uhg dwafagihnixide person common ways you understand so children path you seek for them at our request tate, A-biamA. An'ha", 6cai t dgima" tatd, A-biama Ictinike akA. 18 shall said, they say. Yes, you say the I do that shall said, they say Ictinike the he (sub.). Haul He-gAzaza, ife-ga, A-biamA. Ahau -biamA. Hau! giidugAq e Ho! Split-horn, you try it, said they say. Ohol said they say. HoI facing the other he he way najifn-ga, a-biama. (id k6 itin ga" apA-bi [i i'a-biamA, Ictfnike stand, said they say. Side the to hit so went, they when failed they say, Ictinike he (ob.) on say 64 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. anha-bi ega"'. Wuhi +! ugAxe fingg fnahin, inc'Age, A-biam6. Af'kaji fled, they say having. Wuhu.! to be done nothing truly, old man, said they say. Not so he ha, kUge-saf'ga, an'ginan'ge iq [ubd ga" aa"'he ha, A-biama. Ci .ga" friend younger running over me Ifeared so I fed said they say. Again so brother, he 3 duba"' gaxA-biama. Wdduba"' tedihi, Hau! tc ~'ji, can'-dAxe ta mike, four times he did it, they say. The fourth time when it Ho tis when, I stop will I who, arrived, A-biamA. An'han, kge-san'ga, aa"nha-maji tA mfnke, a-biamA Ictinike said they say. Yes, friend younger I flee I not will I who, said, they say Ictinike he brother. akA. (id iti"-bi egan' dkiga"'-qti jigge aA-biamA, Ictinike a"'p ifan' the Side hit on, having just like him with him he went, they say, Ictinike elk became (sub.). they say suddenly 6 ama. IIijil-bi ega"' nanstAstapi manin"'-biami, nikacinga w46 gAxe they say. Proud, they being stepped lightly, making walked they say, men discov- made say very little noise ering (pretended) man"in'-biama 'In/l 6-hnan-biamA. walked they say. 'I I said regularly, they say. he WAspegaf-ga, i"c'age, dgife dgijan-hnan' te, A-biamA A"'pa" ama. Do behave, old man, beware you do that regularly lest said, they say Elk the (sub.). 9 Ai'kaji ha, kAge-safl'ga, ifAyijii gan can' Aa, kage-safi'ga, A-biamA Not so friend younger brother, I am proud as all right indeed friend younger brother, said, they say Ictfnike akA. Kan'bpa to kAge-san'ga, gga"-qti manbji"' ckan' to, Ictinike the (sub.). I wish the friend younger brother just so I walk deed the, A-biama. Can'-qti wafAte manfin'-bi p'a ge fa'i'i gan tciitcu-hna"'- said they say. All at once eating walked they say bitter the (ob.) he spit out as he spit regularly he large pieces rapidly 12 biamA. Wa! watite piajiaji'-qtci OatW amidega" n duehe, A-biama. Wa! they say. Wf! food bad not very those who did eat 1 follow, said they say. WlI he i"c'Age, ed4cega"-hnan' 6, a-biama. Eddha-maji. WaoAte ida" Oatd amd- venerable man, what were you saying I said they say. I said what I not. Food good those who he dega" 6dudhe a ea, eh ah inh inAa, A-biami. Egioe baxd-qti Ahe A.a-bi did eat I follow indeed I was saying (as indeed said they say. It came to flat-top very went went, they I moved) he pass hill over say 15 -i'ji nikaci"ga wdfa-biamA An'pan ama. 'In! A-biama. Hau! Ictfnike, when person they discovered them, Elk the (sub.). 'I! said, they say. Ho! lotinike, they say gfda"bi-ga, A-biamA. E'di afA-bi [i egife nikacinga akama. E'di ahf- look at for him, said they, they There went they when it came men they were, There arrived say, say to pass they say. biamA. Wai" agfi te ece paki te ha, A-biamA jiji ufia-biamA they say. Having them he is the you say you reach will said they say whisper. told him they say coming home he ing 18 Ictinike aka nfacinga afnkA Wia inclAge ed4cega" a, a-biamA. 'An Ictinike the (sub.) person the (pL ob.). Wl I venerable man, what are you ? said they, they What is saying say. the matter eddhe ta. Skdwan-qti mahin' baI gfin (an iciki~af eh 4a~i"nh aa, what I shall? A very long time weeds lump sitting the gave needless I was saying as indeed say (ob.) trouble I went a-biama. Egife baxu wi"n ahe afa-bi V 6 gie A"'pan wi" a"'he agi- said they say. At length flat-top hill one passing went, they when it happened Elk one fleeing was he over say coming ICTINIKE, THE TURKEYS, TURTLE, AND ELK. biam6 ci. Hau! Ictinike, Agudi i-dicpa gfda"bA-gA, A-biamA. E'di they say again. Ho Ictinike, where your grandchild look at for him said they, they There say. ahi-bi ega"' dgife nfkaci"ga akama. Nfkaci"ga wd~e t6 win'k6-qti-a"' te, arrived, having it came men they were, en found the he told the truth indeed, they say to pass it is said. them A-biamA. Ci widaji wi" wdia-biamA. Hau! ti dcpa ci gfda"ba-gA, 3 said theysay. And elsewhere one found them theysay Hol your grandchild again look at for him, he A-biamA. E'di aa -biama. Ci nikacinga akama, wag#Ade-hna"' amA said they, they There went they say. Again men they were, crawling np on them they say. it is said say An'pa"-ma. Ci win'kg-qti-a"', A-biamA. Haul Ictinike, cingajifiga uh4 Elk theones Again he told the truth said they say. Ho! Ictinike, children path who. indeed he uwagiidxfda-gE, A-biamA. Ahad! A-biamA. Pahan'ga bi"' a"n'ja dgioe 6 look out for them, said they, they Ohol said they say. Before m though beware say. he u'eda hnin' tai. 'A"' manb in' t0 a"~ an/wanpahI manhnin' tai, A-biamA. A *i scatter- you will. How I walk the you follow me you walk shall said theysay. Ridge ing he ki Ada zage ga"' uhA-biamA. Nfkaci"ga Akiciiga ga"' wina'axe ga"' fhe the headland so he went they say. Men standing thick so passing close to so passed along along adA-biamA Wfebfin, wieb in, g manin"'-biamA Ictinike akA. Bdiga-qti 9 went, they say. It is I, it is I, said walked they say Ictinike the (sub.). All t'dwatA-biamA. A"'pa" dabiin umitdta-bi Ictinike inioa-hnan'-biamA. they killed they say. Elk three remained from when Ictinike took refuge only they say. them shooting, they say with him Can'-qti hd pan (ioniide e(da-bi egan' wdtin odoa-biamA. An'pa" eifge All at once horn the pulled off sud- they having hit them sending them off, Elk they call denly say with them they say. you taf. Guidiha maninf-gs, A-biama 1 will. Further off wal ye, said they say. he NOTES. Some say that it was the Orphan or Sieemakan who caught the turkeyA with the assistance of his grandmother, and that Ictinike killed a bear and roasted it, not the turkeys. The jehuqcabe shows this, as turkeys have none.-(L. Sanssouci.) The fol- lowing version of Sifemaka" and the Turkeys is probably of Oto origin. The Dakota version of this myth makes Ufktomi, the mythical Spider, play the part of Ictinike (see lapi Oaye for December, 1880). SIOEMAKAN AND THE TURKEYS. [Told by Susanne LaFl~he.] Once there was a young man, named Sifemakan, who lived with his grandmother. And she told him to get something to eat. "Well, I will get some food, grandmother," said he, if you will have the fire ready." So he took his bow and arrows, and also a bag filled with grass. By and by he saw some Turkeys. "HBo! Sifemaka", what have you in your bag said they. "I have songs." "Sing us some," said the Turkeys. "Come and dance for me, and I will sing for you," said he. "But, while dancing, it VOL. vi-5 66 THE QEGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. will be necessary for you to keep your eyes closed; for if any of you open your eyes, all of you shall have red eyes." And he commenced to sing: A H6! wa-da"'-be infi-k6 (an, I-cte -ji-de! I-ctcae-ji-de! In'-be fi-ae- dje! In'- be fi- ar'-dje! "Beware! he who has seen, Eyes red! Eyes red! Spread your tails! Spread your tails!" The Turkeys danced while he sang this over and over; and as they danced, he grabbed first one and then another, putting them into his game-bag. But one Turkey, suspecting something wrong, opened one eye and cried out, "He is killing us all." Then the surviving Turkeys flew away. The youth took the sack home, and said: "Grandmother, now I have something. Keep the bag while I go out and get some water." But the old woman's curiosity proving too great, she opened the bag, and all the Turkeys but one got away. The old woman, who was blind, held the Turkey by both legs. When the young man returned, she called out, "Come quickly and help me. I have two of them." The young man was angry, and reproved her, not allow- ing her to eat any of the Turkey. And from that time Turkeys have had red eyes. 60, 3. bfat eteda", contracted from bfate etedan. 60, 9. anna"t ega", contracted from annante ega". 61, 13. gataha uji-biama. About four feet deep. 61, 14. zizika jifiga snuta. According to L. Sanssouci, it was not the young Tur- key that opened its eyes and gave the alarm, but one of the TaPi"'-si-sn6de, the Long- legged ta"i", a species of snipe. These birds danced with the Turkeys, and they, not the Turkeys, had their eyes changed to red ones. 61, 16. k'it is whispered. 62, 1. gakiaha". Two branches rubbed against each other, being moved or raised by the wind. 62, 4. kageha, ioaqa. ... cema: My friend, as I wished to laugh (I said) those (words). 62, 6. ce-ma hau+. The voice is raised and prolonged, it being a call to the wolves in the distance. 62, 6. wadiagiji-F. LaFleche; but wadiagiji-daai"nanpaji. 62, 6. gddihehdi-g6, contracted from gidiha ihai-g6. 62, 7. pahaiga hi ama, etc. The Wolves agreed among themselves that whoever was the first to reach the place, could eat the "1ehuqfabe i4abetan." 62, 13. egife qegafiga, etc. White Eagle's (Ponka) version of this myth tells how Ictinike caught the Big Turtle. "When Ictinike saw the Big Turtle, he drew back very quietly, and went to a little distance. Then he raised his voice, and called to the Big Turtle. 'Ho, you over there!' 'What is the matter, venerable man?' said the 1 ICTINIKE, THE TURKEYS, TURTLE, AND ELK. Turtle. 'You are in great danger,' said Ictinike. 'The Wakanda have determined to make a great flood, and the ground will be covered, and you will be drowned.' But I can live in the water,' said the Turtle. 'But I tell you that there will be great danger this time for you,' said Ictinike. This time you cannot live in the water.' At length, after much talking, Ictinike persuaded the Turtle to leave the place where he was near the water, and to go to the hills. Ictinike went ahead and hid himself in a ravine. And when the Turtle came crawling along after a while, Ictinike hit him on the head with a stick as he came up the hill, and killed him." 62, 19. nikacinga win. The person who stole the turtle meat was Mi3asi, the Coyote, according to the Omaha and Ponka versions; but the Dakota version makes him Dokcintca, the Mink. White Eagle says that Ictinike found out who was the thief, and when he met him, he punished him-cum eo coiit. 63, 4. t6-ana. Te is the classifier te, which is lengthened in such expressions. 63, 5. wanadugeqti ke is the Omaha pronunciation of the Oto waqqo3'qtci ke, the equivalent of the Omaha nindeqtia"' hg. This points to a joiwere original. 64, 19. sk6wa"qti, etc. "I was saying, 'A bunch of weeds was always there, and deceived them.' "-(Sanssouci.) 65, 1. agudi Oiuucpa gidanba-gg. See for your grandchild where it (the danger) is.-(Sanssouci.) 65, 7. agin kI Adagage ga" uha-biama. The ridge was of a curvilinear form. The men were in ambush all around, and Ictinike led the Elk all around inside the line of ambush. TRANSLATION. There were some Turkeys, a great many. They were feeding on the very high edge of the ground among the arrow-weeds. Ictinike went thither. Having discov- ered them, he bent his head-at once, and was coming back again (to the place whence he had started). "How shall I do in order to eat them?" he thought. And he made a decision. Immediately he rolled up a raccoon-skin robe several times, making it- a pack for carrying something. He carried it on his back, and ran at once. As he ran, he passed very close by the Turkeys who were feeding. "Wuhu+! Something is the matter with the old man. See him," said the Turkeys. "Why! venerable man, what is the matter?" said they. "Yes, it is just so," said Ictinike. Some villagers having said that I was to sing dance-songs for them, and having come after me, I have been carrying my songs (on my back)," said he. "Oho! venerable man, we too will dance a little," said the Turkeys. ."No, I go in a very great hurry," said Ictinike. "We too, venerable man, will dance a little, and then you can go," said the Turkeys. "Wuhu+! what a bother! I was in very much of a hurry, but if you wish to dance, you shall do it," said Ictinike. "Well! Come, let us see! Come hither in a body," said Ictinike. And they came in a body. And he pulled open the robe. "Turn in your course and go around me. Ye very large ones who are moving along, pass very close to me as ye go dancing around me. Shut your eyes. Beware lest you open your eyes, and your eyes become red," said Ictinike. Lift your tails erect, and spread them out repeatedly (by opening and closing). Well! Come, dance ye," he said. Then he sang: "Alas for the gazer! His eyes shall be red! His eyes shall be red! Flirtup your tails! Flirt up your tails!" Having caught hold of the very large ones, and 68 THE (EGIHA LANGUAGE-MYTHS, STORIES, AND LETTERS. having twisted off their heads in succession, Ictinike sat filling the bag. The bag he filled that high; he filled it very full. A small half-grown Turkey was about to comprehend (the situation as he moved along), he walked with his eyes open a little now and then. "He is destroying the largest ones among us. There is cause for anger! It is Ictinike who is standing (here), but (we did not recognize him)," he said. "K'ii!" They went fleeing. "Ha! ha! How easy it is to fill myself to reple- tion," said Ictinike. He laughed till he panted excessively. He bound up the bag. And he cut sticks (as) roasting-sticks. He put them (the birds) to roast all around the fire. When they were almost done, the branch of a tree raised by the wind, said, "'In!" "I am roasting them on account of my eating. Why do you cluck at me?" said Ictinike. "If you do this any more, I will go to you and hit you." When he arrived there (up the tree) he thrust in his arm several times. And it closed on his hands. "Friend, I wished to jest, so those things (I did and said). Friend, let me go," said he. And it continued so without letting him go. "Ho!! those yonder! I put my own pieces there for safety. Go ye further off!" said he, referring to the Big Wolves. "Ictinike says that he has put the pieces away for safety," said they (the Wolves). They promised that those who should be the first to arrive were to eat the fat wrapped around the stomach. They went dashing towards it. They went suddenly, running a race. Having arrived there, they bit it. They swallowed it. Having swallowed it, they departed in different directions. And what closed on (Ictinike) opened itself. And having reached home at the bottom again, Ictinike was soon sitting and putting down the sticks as he licked them. He departed and walked along the shores of a row of round lakes. It happened that a big turtle was sitting there, by the shore of the lake. He took it, catching hold of the tail. He took it off to one side. "I will make myself full in a while!" said he. He broke wood (branches ?) again. He piled up the wood very high, and put it in (the fire). He made the fire burn very fast. And he put the big turtle very quickly into the ashes. He put it in to bake, and he was about to eat it. When it was nearly done, Ictinike was sleepy. "I am sleepy. When it is cooked, you shall awaken me, 0 ane," said he. He slept. While he slept a person arrived there. The person took the big turtle, and ate it. When he had swallowed it, immediately he took the feet and thrust them (in their places) against the turtle-shell. He made Ictinike's hands very greasy for him; he also made his mouth very much smeared with grease. The person departed. Ictinike awoke. He arose suddenly. "What I roasted for myself is cooked too much for me!" he said. He pulled out the feet and they were coming to him. "It is done," said he. "Why! I wonder if I have eaten mine," he said. "Why! I must have swallowed it and then slept." Having looked at his hands, he said, "Yes, I have swallowed my own." He felt his stomach lengthwise (that is, running the hand all along it). "Yes, I am very full indeed after eating," said he. When he departed, it came to pass that there were a great number of Elk. Having peeped, Ictinike discovered them. "Stop! I will tempt these!" he thought. The Elk having discovered him, said, This one is Ictinike." "Friend younger brother, it is I. Friend younger brother," said Ictinike, "I wish to live just as you do." "Well, venerable man, there is no reason at all for this!" said one. "When the vegetation consists of bitter weeds, I eat straight along as I walk (rejecting none). How is it possible for your heart to feel good when you eat them?" 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