text:
Core Competencies
- Decision Support services that help large enterprises clarify complex choices. Services include
- Operations Research
- Data Science
- Modeling and Simulation
- Descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analytics, the latter being an area of special expertise
- Custom solutions for investigating exceptionally complex decisions
Areas of Expertise
- Optimization of Large Enterprises
- Inventory Management and Logistics
- Revenue Management
- Stochastic Models
- Data Visualization
- Test and Validation
Why Our Customers Choose Us
- We are trusted agents. We have no conflicts of interest and work solely for the customer's benefit.
- We begin by constructively questioning assumptions. We help customers refine and validate the questions they want answered to ensure realistic results.
- We employ Ph.D.-level experts in multiple disciplines. We work on flexible teams created to match customer needs, whether descriptive, predictive, or prescriptive analytics.
- We build prototype models for the customer to own and grow. We do not sell proprietary, fee-based, or packaged software.
- We provide ongoing services at the customer's request to explore evolving areas of analytic interest.
Why Our Services Stand Out
- We are already experts in prescriptive analytics. According to Gartner, as of 2016 only 10% of organizations are using prescriptive analytics. That portion is expected to grow to 35% by 2020,* underlining the importance of this advanced field of analytics.
- We are extremely sensitive to an organization's culture. We view ourselves as visitors to a worksite and do not "camp." We do not require undue time commitments from the customer. Our expertise in operations research allows us to learn a customer's business quickly and effectively.
- Our analytical products dig deeper than packaged software programs. For example, we prepare stakeholders for seeing the effects of different decisions when multiple stakeholder positions are valid. Our analysis moves an organization away from turf protection and into in-depth discussion about what is best for the organization.
- We document our work and are transparent about our methods (no black boxes). Our work stands up to independent scrutiny.
* https://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/2016/08/20/roundup-of-analytics-big-data-bi-forecasts-and-market-estimates-2016/#513802de6f21
Past Performance
- Over the last 6 years, multiple ongoing, successful contracts providing unique support to naval aviation fleet management. Cost savings in the tens of millions.
- In the latter half of 2016, successful initial fleet management work with the USAF F-35 program. Ongoing work expected.
- Since early 2016, successful, growing work in US Navy human resources, developing a model for right-sizing and scheduling the complex training program for new recruits.
- Completed phase 2 of developing a unique, physics-based model for evaluating the condition of solid rocket motor fuel. Work performed through the Small Business Innovative Research program/Air Force Research Lab.
Available Facilities
- Virginia office convenient to Washington, D.C., the Pentagon, and Tysons Corner
- Utah office covering West Coast customers
Veracity is committed to helping customers maximize the long-term value of resources––human, industrial, or otherwise––in ways that are smart, efficient, and cost-effective.
Cage Code 6QP03
SB/SDB Status: Small Business
POC: Darryl Lenhardt; email@example.com

subset: commoncrawl


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A flare fitting is a type of connection fitting used on hard lines, such as steel and aluminum brake lines. Commonly comprised of a hard line that has been flared out to mesh against a fitting and a nut, the flare fitting sits snugly against the fitting and is held tightly in place with the nut. The flared end of the hard line matches the angle on the end of the fitting so exact that gaskets or sealers are not required to prevent leaks. Most flare fitting connections are created by home mechanics with a flaring tool. The key to creating a good flare fitting is to not crack the tubing and avoid over-tightening the connection.
One benefit in using a flare fitting is the amount of line pressure the connection can withstand. By eliminating the gasket, the connection is virtually leak-proof. In severe duty connections, a double flare will be used that actually doubles the material in the flared line, making it possible to be tightened even tighter; this squashes the flare into the steel fitting even tighter. The action practically eliminates any possibility of fluid passing the union.
The angle of the flare in a Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) flare fitting is 45 degrees. All related fittings and connections used with a flared line are also 45-degree angles. While the flare fitting gives a high-pressure rating and is used on critical systems such as brake lines and fuel lines, the system does not provide the same level of strength and cannot be combined with the AN fitting. The Army Navy (AN) fittings use a 37-degree flare and undergo a much more stringent quality control and safety testing procedure. While commonly used on aircraft and very high-performance racing applications, the AN fitting is overkill for most non-military or street-driven applications.
When creating a flare fitting, a flare nut is placed over the hard line before the line is placed into the flaring tool. The hard line is then placed in a size-appropriate collar in the flaring tool, with the end of the line being flush with the tool before it is tightened in place. A tapered mandrel is then positioned on the flaring tool directly centered over the exposed hard line. As the mandrel is tightened, it begins to drive into the tubing, and the flared shape of the mandrel forms the flare. A little lubrication typically prevents any galling or cracking of the tubing as it is stretched into shape against the walls of the flaring tool.
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About Rick
About Rick
D. F. "Rick" Miller, Captain U.S. Navy (Ret.)
Born to Lead…
A Life of Service to the Country and Texas
Graduate of the United States Naval Academy
Masters Degree from National Defense University
30 Year Career as a Naval Officer, Carrier Aviator
Served in Top Senior Leadership Positions
Business Owner
Member of the 1968 Olympic Exhibition Baseball Team
A Career of Accomplishment
Successfully led numerous Navy units to #1 ratings of performance
Commanded a Squadron, Air Wing and Air Station
Carrier jet pilot with experience in nearly all carrier aircraft
Served as Senior Fellow on the Navy's Strategic Studies Group, designing the Navy's capabilities of 2030 and 2050
Consistent top rated personal evaluations throughout military career
#1 in competitive ratings on personal evaluations
Experienced in designing major budget issues with Congress, State of Texas, Church and Business
Executed budget authority for billions of dollars in operational assets and expenditures and successful in each case
Held top-level positions in two public companies before starting a business focused on leadership development
Chairman of the Republican Party of Fort Bend 2007-2011
Getting Results for the people of District 26, Fort Bend County and Texas
The Veterans' Voice in the Texas House/Legislature
Member of the Appropriations and
Health and Human Services Committees
Vice-Chairman of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Articles I, IV and V of the Biennial State Budget
85th Legislative Session:
Passed a Fiscally Conservative 2 year Budget
Strengthened Pro-life and Family Laws/Values
Passed Article V, Convention of States, for Texas Sovereignty and Reigning in the Federal Government
Significant Reform of the Texas Foster Children System
Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for Veterans with TBI and PTSD
Strengthened Anti-Sanctuary City Laws
Passed Significant legislation for Fort Bend County and Sugar Land
Enabled Economic Development for Port of Freeport, Fort Bend County and Texas
84th & 83rd Legislative Sessions:
UH Sugar Land Campus – Transferred 16 acres of land from TxDOT for the purpose of building additional facilities
Transferred Owens Road to Fort Bend County to facilitate safe travel and mobility
Authorized Fort Bend County to regulate license and inspect games rooms to curb illegal gambling
Reformed Judicial Bypass process for minors seeking abortion
Addressed end of life issues for hydration and nutrition in a natural death process
Pastor protection regarding lawsuits and criminal prosecution regarding their religious beliefs
About Rick
P.O. Box 17102
Sugar Land TX 77496
Paid for by the Rick Miller Campaign, Bruce Bond, Treasurer
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text: If you're a regular reader around here, you might recall that in 2015, I failed miserably at a Bananas Foster bread pudding recipe. It was going so perfectly, but I just had too much moisture going on and it was a big huge soppy mess. The top layer was so good, but under that? Awful….


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, an
Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino
( ), is an
automobile manufacturer
engine manufacturer
group based in
in the
Fiat was founded in 1899 by a group of investors including
Giovanni Agnelli
. Fiat has also manufactured
. As of 2009, Fiat is the world's 6th largest carmaker as well as Italy's largest carmaker.
Fiat-based cars are constructed all around the world, with the largest number produced outside Italy being built in
(best seller).
It also has factories in
Fiat has a long history of licensing its products to other countries regardless of local political or cultural persuasion.
Joint venture
operations are found in
Agnelli's grandson
Gianni Agnelli
was Fiat chairman from 1966 until his death on 24 January 2003; from 1996, though, he only served as an "honorary" chairman, while Cesare Romiti served as chairman. After their removal,
Paolo Fresco
served as chairman and
Paolo Cantarella
as CEO.
Umberto Agnelli
then took over as chairman from 2002 to 2004. After Umberto Agnelli's death on 28 May 2004,
Luca Cordero di Montezemolo
was named chairman, but Agnelli heir
John Elkann
became vice chairman at age 28 and other family members are on the board. At this point,
Giuseppe Morchio
immediately offered his resignation.
Sergio Marchionne
was named to replace him on 1 June 2004.
Fiat Group revenues by sector in 2007
The group's activities were initially focused on the industrial production of cars, industrial and agricultural vehicles. Over time it has diversified into many other fields, and the group now has activities in a wide range of sectors in industry and financial services. It is Italy's largest industrial concern. It also has significant worldwide operations, operating in 61 countries with 1,063 companies that employ over 223,000 people, 111,000 of whom are outside Italy.
For Fiat branded cars see
Fiat Automobiles
Global locations of Fiat Group automobile production sites.
(Including own plants, joint ventures and license production)
Fiat Group is the largest vehicle manufacturer in Italy, with a range of cars starting from small Fiat
city cars
to sports cars made by Ferrari, and vans and trucks ranging from the
commercial trucks.
Besides Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A, the Fiat Group automotive companies include
Ferrari S.p.A.
Iveco S.p.A.
Maserati S.p.A.
The Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A. companies include:
Abarth & C.
Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A.
Fiat Automobiles S.p.A.
Fiat Professional
Lancia Automobiles S.p.A.
Ferrari S.p.A.
is 85% owned by the Fiat Group, but is run autonomously.
European Car of the Year
award, Europe's premier automotive
for the past 40 years, has been awarded twelve times to the Fiat Group, more than any other manufacturer. Most recently the
Fiat Nuova 500
has won the award for
European Car of the Year 2008
List of Fiat Group models which have won European Car of the Year:
Fiat 124
Fiat 128
Fiat 127
Lancia Delta
Fiat Uno
Fiat Tipo
Fiat Punto
Fiat Bravo/Brava
Alfa Romeo 156
Alfa Romeo 147
Fiat Panda
Fiat 500
Agricultural and construction equipment
Fiat Group owns
CNH Global
(which includes Case Construction, Case IH, Flexi-Coil, Kobelco,
New Holland
, New Holland Construction, and Steyr); and Fiat-
Construction. CNH is the second largest agricultural equipment manufacturer in the world after
Deere & Company.
It is also the third largest producer of construction equipment after
Caterpillar Inc.
. CNH accounts for around 20% of revenues.
Commercial vehicles
Commercial vehicles (
Seddon Atkinson
), buses (
) and firefighting vehicles (
). For information on their military vehicles, see
.On 17 April 2007 "Fiat Veicoli Commerciali" was rebranded as "
Fiat Professional
". Some of Fiat's Light Commercial Vehicle products include;
Fiat Ducato
Fiat Scudo
Fiat Doblò
Cargo. See
Fiat Professional
for more details on Fiat Commercial Vehicle Products.
Motorcycles and aeronautics
In 1959,
came under the control of the Agnelli family. Resultantly, in 1964 the aeronautical and motorcycle divisions split to become independent companies; the aeronautical division was named IAM Rinaldo Piaggio.
Today the aeronautical company
Piaggio Aero
is controlled by the family of
Piero Ferrari
, which also still hold 10% of the carmaker
thrived until 1992, when Giovanni Alberto Agnelli became CEO — but Agnelli was already suffering from cancer, and died in 1997. In 1999,
Morgan Grenfell Private Equity
acquired Piaggio .
Fiat G91T training aircraft
Fiat, as Fiat Aviazione, was an important aircraft manufacturer, focused mainly on military aviation. After
World War I
, Fiat consolidated several Italian small aircraft manufacturers, like
. Most famous were Fiat biplane
fighter aircraft
of the 1930s,
Fiat CR.32
Fiat CR.42
. Other notable designs were fighters
and a bomber, the
Fiat BR.20
. In 1950s, the company designed the
light ground attack plane. In 1969, Fiat Aviazione merged with
to create
The major Italian component maker
Magneti Marelli
is owned by Fiat, and in turn owns the other brands Carello, Automotive Lighting, Siem, Cofap, Jaeger,
, Veglia Borletti, Vitaloni, and
; other accessory brands include Riv-Skf and Brazilian Cofap.
Metallurgical products
Production systems
Production systems are made mainly through
Comau S.p.A.
(now Comau Systems), which bought the American Pico, Renault Automation and Sciaky and produces industrial automation systems. In the 1970s and 1980s, the company became a pioneer in the use of industrial robotics for the assembly of motor vehicles. Fiat assembly plants are among the most automated and advanced in the world.
An insurance company, Toro Assicurazioni, allowed Fiat to control a relevant part of this market (also with minor companies like Lloyd Italico) and to interact with some associated banks. Toro Assicurazioni was acquired by the giant insurance company
Assicurazioni Generali
and is no longer related to the Fiat Group. Fiat still retains control of
Augusta assicurazioni
Ingest Facility and Fiat Engineering work in various fields of construction, while IPI is a mediation company that also deals with the management of real estate properties.
Information technology
Fiat Group is present in
fields and in communications with ICT — Information & Communication Technology, Espin, Global Value, TeleClient, and Atlanet.
The Fiat Group owned the
skiing facilities; the village in the
is a creation of the Agnelli family.
The Sestriere skiing facilities were sold by the group in 2006.
Publishing and communication
Fiat group also owns important editorial brands, like
La Stampa
(created in 1926 for the famous newspaper), Itedi, and Italiana Edizioni. Some national and local newspapers are owned or otherwise controlled by the different companies. A specialised advertising space reseller is Publikompass, supported by the Consorzio Fiat Media Center.
Other activities
Fiat Gesco, KeyG Consulting, Sadi Customs Services, Easy Drive, RM Risk Management and Servizio Titoli are minor companies that work for public services, delivering services in economics and financial fields. Other activities include industrial securitisation (Consorzio Sirio), treasury (Fiat Geva), Fiat Information & Communication Services.
Fiat supports the
Fondazione Giovanni Agnelli
, an important foundation for social and economic research.
Palazzo Grassi
, a famous ancient building in
, now a museum and formerly supported by Fiat, was eventually sold to the french businessman François
in January 2005.
Fiat has recently begun sponsoring the Jamaican bobsledding team and promoting this sponsorship through commercials. Many like Jamaican athletes because they see them as underdogs and as people who enjoy life. While Volvo sponsors golf, Mercedes tennis, and Hyundai soccer, Fiat is trying to look unique and more light-hearted. Further, the team is relatively cheap to sponsor.
The group is present in many countries, not only in the West.
Notably, it was one of the first companies to build factories in
territory, with the best known examples in
The Russian government later continued the joint venture under the name
(known as
outside the former USSR). The venture was most notable for the
Lada Riva
Fiat also has a subsidiary in Poland at
, (formerly called FSM) where Fiat's small cars (the
and now
) are made.
Fiat also has factories in Argentina, Brazil, and Italy. In addition, its cars are produced through licensing and
agreements in China, Egypt, France, India, South Africa, Turkey, and Vietnam. Local variants of Fiats are produced at these factories as well as a world car, the
. As of 2005, the company holds the first position in the Brazilian automobile market with a market share close to 25%.
Fiat has articulated that it wishes to focus on expanding into third-world markets because, in the words of former chairman Paolo Fresco, "those are the only markets where you can expect growth. And it is true that Fiat's specialization in smaller cars puts it at an advantage in those markets, but cars sold in third-world countries tend to be much simpler than those sold elsewhere (e.g., most lack air conditioning), and thus require much less money to develop.
Fiat is also present in the combat vehicle sector through a consortium between
OTO Melara
, their most notable product being the
B1 Centauro
Fiat 3 ½ CV (1899)
Giovanni Agnelli founded Fiat in 1899 with several investors and led the company until his death in 1945, while
Vittorio Valletta
administered the day-to-day activities of the company. Its first car the
(of which only eight copies were built, all bodied by
of Turin) strongly resembled contemporary
, and had a boxer twin engine. In 1903, Fiat produced its first truck. In 1908, the first Fiat was exported to the US. That same year, the first Fiat aircraft engine was produced. Also around the same time, Fiat taxis became somewhat popular in Europe. By 1910, Fiat was the largest automotive company in Italy — a position it has retained since.
That same year, a plant licensed to produce Fiats in
, NY, made its first car.
This was before the introduction of Ford's assembly line in 1913. Owning a Fiat at that time was a sign of distinction. A Fiat sold in the U.S. cost between $3,600 and $8,600, compared to US$825 the
Model T
in 1908.
Upon the entry of the U.S. into
World War I
in 1917, the factory was shut down as U.S. regulations became too burdensome. At the same time, Fiat had to devote all of its factories to supplying
the Allies
with aircraft, engines, machine guns, trucks, and ambulances. After the war, Fiat introduced its first tractor, the 702. By the early 1920s, Fiat had a market share in Italy of 80%.
Corso Dante plant
Mirafiori plant
In 1921, workers seized Fiat's plants and hoisted the red flag of communism over them. Agnelli responded by quitting the company. However, the
Italian Socialist Party
and its ally organization, the
General Confederation of Labor
, in an effort to effect a compromise with the centrist parties ordered the occupation ended.
In 1922, Fiat began to build the famous
car factory — the largest in Europe up to that time — which opened in 1923.
It was the first Fiat factory to use assembly lines; by 1925, Fiat controlled 87% of the Italian car market. In 1928, with the
, Fiat included insurance in the purchase price.
Fiat made military machinery and vehicles during
World War II
for the
Regia Aeronautica
and later for the Germans.
Fiat made obsolete fighter aircraft like the biplane
, which was one of the most common Italian aircraft, along with
, as well as light tanks (obsolete compared to their German and
counterparts) and armoured vehicles.
The best Fiat aircraft was the
fighter, which arrived too late and in too limited numbers. In 1945 — the year
was overthrown — the
Italian Committee of National Liberation
removed the Agnelli family from leadership roles in Fiat because of its ties to Mussolini's government. These were not returned until 1963, when Giovanni's grandson,
, took over as general manager until 1966, as chairman until 1996.
Gianni Agnelli
Among the younger Agnelli's first steps after gaining control of Fiat was a massive reorganization of the company management, which had previously been highly centralized, with almost no provision for the delegation of authority and decision-making power. Such a system had worked effectively enough in the past but lacked the responsiveness and flexibility made necessary by Fiat's steady expansion and the growth of its international operations in the 1960s. The company was reorganized on a product-line basis, with two main product groups — one for passenger cars, the other for trucks and tractors — and a number of semi-independent division and subsidiaries. Top management, freed from responsibility for day-by-day operations of the company, was able to devote its efforts to more far-reaching goals. In 1967, Fiat made its first acquisition when it purchased
; with sales amounting to $1.7 billion, it outstripped Volkswagen, its main European competitor, and in 1968 produced some 1,750,000 vehicles while its sales volume climbed to $2.1 billion. According to
in 1968, Fiat was "the most dynamic automaker in Europe...[and] may come closest to challenging the worldwide supremacy of Detroit." Then, in 1969, it purchased controlling interests in Ferrari and Lancia. At the time, Fiat was a
, owning
, toll highways, a typewriter and office machine manufacturer, electronics and electrical equipment firms, a paint company, a civil engineering firm, and an international construction company.
Following up on an agreement Valletta had made with Soviet officials in 1966, Agnelli constructed the
plant in the new city of
on the
This began operation in 1970, producing a local version of the
Fiat 124
as the
On his initiative, Fiat automobile and truck plants were also constructed in industrial centers of
, Poland,
, and
In 1979, the company became a holding company when it spun off its various businesses into autonomous companies, one of them being Fiat Auto. That same year, sales reached an all-time high in the United States, corresponding to the
Iranian Oil Crisis
. However, when gas prices fell again after 1981, Americans began purchasing
sport utility vehicles
, and
pickup trucks
in larger numbers (marking a departure from their past preference for large cars). Also, Japanese automakers had been taking an ever-larger share of the car market, increasing at more than half a percent a year. Consequently, in 1984, Fiat and Lancia withdrew from the United States market. In 1989, it did the same in the Australian market, although it remained in New Zealand.
In 1986, Fiat acquired Alfa Romeo from the Italian government. Also, in 1986 15% of Fiat company stock was owned by Libya, an investment dating back to the mid-seventies. U.S. foreign policy under President Reagan's administration canceled a Pentagon contract to produce earth-movers with Fiat and pressured the company into brokering a buyout of the Libyan investment. In 1992, two top corporate officials in the Fiat Group were arrested for political corruption. A year later, Fiat acquired Maserati. In 1995 Alfa Romeo exited the U.S. market. Maserati re-entered the U.S. market under Fiat in 2002. Since then, Maserati sales there have been increasing briskly.
Paolo Fresco
Paolo Fresco became chairman of Fiat in 1998 with the hope that the veteran of
General Electric
would bring more emphasis on shareholder value to Fiat. By the time he took power, Fiat's market share in Italy had fallen to 41% from around 62% in 1984. However, a Jack Welch-like management style would be much harsher than that used by the Italians (e.g., precarious versus lifetime employment). Instead, Fresco focused on offering more incentives for good performance, including compensation using stock options for top and middle management.
However, his efforts were frustrated by union objections. Unions insisted that pay raises be set by length of tenure, rather than performance. Another conflict was over his preference for informality (the founder, Giovanni Agnelli, used to be a cavalry officer). He often referred to other managers by their first name, although company tradition obliged one to refer to others using their titles (e.g., "Chairman Fresco"). The CEO of the company, Managing Director Paolo Cantarella, ran the day-to-day affairs of the company, while Fresco determined company strategy and especially acted as a negotiator for the company. In fact, many speculated the main reason he was chosen for the job was to sell Fiat Auto (although Fresco fervently denied it). In 1999, Fiat formed CNH Global by merging New Holland NV and Case Corporation.
Recent events
Partnership with GM
Over time, most automotive companies around the world have become
holding companies
of foreign as well as domestic competitors. For example,
General Motors
owned a
controlling interest
Saab Automobile
and, until recently, in
. Fresco signed a joint-venture agreement in 2000 under which GM acquired a stake in Fiat Auto. This made it appear as if Fiat was next, although GM has made joint ventures with other companies (such as Toyota) without acquiring them. Nevertheless, Fiat did not see the GM partnership as a threat, rather as an opportunity to off-load its automotive business. The agreement with GM included a
put option
, which held that Fiat would have the right to sell GM its auto division after four years at fair market value. If GM balked, it would be forced to pay a penalty of $2 billion. When Fiat tried to sell GM the company, GM chose the penalty. On 13 May 2005 GM and Fiat officially dissolved their agreement.
The current CEO however views alliances such as these as the deciding factor of the future success of Fiat. In 2005 Fiat was courting Ford. In more recent events Fiat is in the process of acquiring 20% of
(with possibilities of increasing this share) and has expressed an interest in acquiring
GM Europe
(Opel and Vauxhall).
As part of the recent divestitures, in 2003 Fiat shed its insurance sector, which it was operating through Toro Assicurazioni to the DeAgostini Group. In the same year, Fiat sold its aviation business, FiatAvio to Avio Holding. In February 2004, the company sold its interest in Fiat Engineering, as well as its stake in Edison.
Fiat faces a multitude of threats, including rising steel prices (up by 16-30% beginning of 2008), a strong Euro, and increased competition from Japanese and South Korean car manufacturers in Europe. Although the light-vehicle market share of Japanese and South Korean automakers in Europe is less than in the U.S. (12.5% and 3.9%, respectively versus 30% and 3.9% in the US), it has been increasing steadily at about a half a percent a year.
Fiat has drawn criticism within New Zealand for an advertisement it ran in Italy, which a
New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
spokesman described as "culturally insensitive and inappropriate". The advert showed women performing the
beside the new Fiat car and crowd noise is in the background to simulate the atmosphere in an
All Blacks
rugby union
match. As the haka is finished a woman drives away in the Fiat car and a boy in the back of the car pokes out his tongue, which is the action used to finish the haka.
Potential Takeover of GM Europe
In April and May 2009, the possibility of a take over of GM Europe, a subsidiary of
General Motors
, was being discussed between the two companies.
GM Europe owns
On May 30, 2009, German officials named [Magna] International, an Austro-Canadian car parts manufacturer, to take over Opel. The Opel/Vauxhall partnership is the largest of GM Europe's operations.
Sergio Marchionne
Fiat 500
Sergio Marchionne has impressed investors since taking over as CEO in June, 2004. Losses have fallen steadily since 2002, and Q4 of FY2005 saw its first profit in 17 quarters, and had a profit of €196M for the first 9 months of FY2006. Mr. Marchionne has reduced Fiat's managerial bureaucracy and changed its tone to a focus on markets and profit. While the chairman, Luca di Montezemolo, dealt with politicians and unions, Marchionne rebuilt the car business. The success of the Grande Punto model has in large part been responsible for the turnaround in Fiat's fortunes, but the quite successful Bravo (successor to the Stilo) and the award winning 500 have really cemented it. Fiat has formed a joint venture with India's
TATA Motors
and China's
Chery motors
. Under Marchionne it has also re-entered several large markets that it had exited years before, such as Mexico and Australia. Marchionne has recently confirmed that Fiat plans to return to the United States market by 2010 with the new 500.
Partnership with Chrysler
On 20 January 2009, Fiat S.p.A. and
Chrysler LLC
announced that they were going to form a global alliance. Under the terms of the agreement, Fiat would take a 35% stake in Chrysler and gain access to its North American dealer network in exchange for providing Chrysler with the platform to build smaller, more fuel-efficient vehicles in the US and reciprocal access to Fiat's global distribution network.
The new equity holder would have the option of increasing that to as much as 55%. Fiat, the stronger of the two, would not immediately put cash into Chrysler. Instead it would obtain its stake mainly in exchange for covering the cost of retooling a Chrysler plant to produce one or more Fiat models to be sold in the U.S. Fiat would also provide engine and transmission technology to help Chrysler introduce new, fuel-efficient small cars.
The deal is the latest maneuver by Fiat's chief,
Sergio Marchionne
, who has pulled the Italian company back from the brink of collapse since taking over in 2004. The partnership would provide each company with economies of scale and geographical reach at a time when both are struggling to compete with larger and more global rivals like
and the alliance of
Renault S.A.
On April 30, 2009 Fiat announced the alliance with Chrysler, at first Fiat will get 20% stake and it can become the majority owner once the government loans are repaid.
Fiat would not have to pay any money for its 20% of Chrysler. On June 7, 2009, the Indiana State Police Pension Fund, the Indiana Teacher's Retirement Fund, and the state's Major Moves Construction Fund asked the U.S. Supreme Court to delay the sale of Chrysler to Fiat while they challenge the deal. The funds argued that the sale went against U.S. bankruptcy law because it unlawfully rewarded unsecured creditors ahead of secured creditors. On June 9, 2009, the Supreme Court lifted the temporary hold, clearing the way for Fiat to acquire Chrysler. See
Indiana State Police Pension Trust v.
for more information. On Wednesday, June 10, the Supreme Court announced that Fiat was now an owner of the new Chrysler Company a.k.a
Chrysler Group LLC
. Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne has been named CEO of the "New" Chrysler, and Jim Press, who has been with Chrysler since 2007, will probably be in charge of day-to-day operations of the company as Deputy CEO when Marchionne is in Italy.
Enterprises outside Italy
See list of
Fiat Group assembly sites
Fiat was a key player in developing motor industries for a number of countries from the 1950s, particularly in
Eastern Europe
, Spain,
state works
products in Tolyatti (Togliatti), Russia, were Fiat based, as were SEAT products of Spain. Lada now is controlled by Renault, and SEAT by Volkswagen. A small number of Fiats were also constructed in Bulgaria. Among Fiat's earliest foreign assembly plants was one in Poughkeepsie, New York, between 1910 and 1913. The building is now part of the Marist College campus.
Fiat Automóveis, Brazil
Fiat Automóveis s.a., a subsidiary of Fiat S.p.A., began making automobiles in
in 1976 beginning with the production of the
Fiat 147
, the Brazilian version of the Italian
Fiat 127
, produced until 1986.
A total of 1,269,312 units were produced in Fiat Automoveïs factory in
, plus 232,807 units in the Fiat Argentina plant of
This car also were built in the CCA plant in Bogotá, Colombia.
Launched in July 1979, the 147 was the first mass produced car that run on
as fuel instead of
. The performance slightly increased and fuel consumption was 30% higher but the cost of the alcohol was a quarter of the gasoline because, at that time, petrol had become expensive as a consequence of the
1979 oil crisis
. This version was nicknamed
) because it had the smell of that Brazilian drink.
In October 1984 Fiat Automóveis introduce the
Fiat Uno
, as a 1985 model. Currently, the car is sold as the Fiat Mille, as a budget entry-level model, and received its most recent facelift for the 2004 model year. From 1984 until 2006, up to 2,000,000 Fiat Unos were made in Brazil. The production of the world car — the
Fiat Palio
- began in 1996.
After the successful 2003 introduction of
flexible-fuel vehicles
in the Brazilian market, Fiat Automóveis launched its first flex model in March 2004, the
Fiat Palio
, followed by the
Palio Weekend
. Fiat sold 665,514 vehicles in Brazil in 2008, allowing the carmaker to continue as the market leader for seven years in a row. Flex fuel automobiles represented almost 100 percent of the car sales in 2008, and 92 percent of all light-duty trucks sold.
In 2006 Fiat introduced the
Fiat Siena Tetra fuel
, a four-fuel car developed under
Magneti Marelli
of Fiat Brazil. This automobile can run as a
on 100% ethanol (E100); or on
E20-E25 blend
, Brazil's normal ethanol gasoline blend; on pure gasoline (though no longer available in Brazil since 1993, it is still used in neighboring countries); or just on
natural gas
. The Siena Tetrafuel was engineered to switch from any gasoline-ethanol blend to CNG automatically, depending on the power required by road conditions.
Fiat Argentina
Fiat has been present in Argentina since the beginning of 20th century. There was a Fiat manufacturing plant in Córdoba at least as far back as 1954 when Fiat entered into a joint venture with two local companies for the manufacture of tractors.
In 1959 the construction of a car plant in
was approved, and 1960 saw the production there of the first Argentinian produced Fiat passenger car, a
Fiat 600
By 1978 a car manufacturing facility was well established in
, producing
Fiat 128s
as well as two models which from the Italian perspective belonged in earlier decades, the
and the
The current day automobile manufacturing started with a new factory opened in
on December 20 1996.
From April 1997 the Siena and Palio models production started.
Production was suspended in the early 2000s as the Argentinean economy went downhill, however in 2008 Fiat invested new money and the production of Fiat Siena saloon was started. The Fiat Auto Argentina S.A. is Fiat S.p.A. owned company.
Zastava, Serbia
Its first enterprise came in 1955, when it agreed a deal with
to assemble Fiats for Eastern Europe. The first cars to be produced by Zastava were its versions of the
Fiat 1300
Fiat 1400
. By 1970, Zastava was producing parts for the newer
Fiat 124
Fiat 125
models, although these cars were actually assembled in Poland. The
Zastava 750
, launched in 1962, was Zastava's version of the iconic
Fiat 600
. It outlived the car on which it was based, with production not finishing until 1981.
Zastavas were not popular outside of Eastern Europe before the 1980s, although they were exported to the United States under the Yugo brand as long ago as 1973.
The most famous product launched by Zastava is the
Zastava 101
, a front-wheel drive car based on the
Fiat 128
, also available as a
version never sold in Italy. Despite numerous bad press about build quality and reliability, it sold well in Yugoslavia thanks largely to its low asking price, cheap maintenance costs and simple mechanical design.
With the demise of the aged
Zastava 750
in 1981, the minicar gap in the Zastava range was filled by the
Zastava Koral
, which was best known in
and America as the Yugo Tempo.
It was based on the 1971
Fiat 127
, which was due to be replaced by the
Fiat Uno
in 1983. It was among the cheapest cars on sale in both countries, and it was well received in its class in Britain, but not so much in the more competitive U.S. market. But hostility towards Yugoslavia in the wake of the 1992 civil unrest saw a swift ceasure of imports to both Britain and America.
The Zastava factory in
was later bombed, but was rebuilt once the war was over, and production continued at another factory in
In 1987, Zastava came up with a new car design. The
Zastava Florida
- known in other markets as the
Yugo Sana
- was styled by
Giorgetto Giugiaro
at the
studio, featured a range of refined
engines, and was mechanically similar to the forthcoming and highly acclaimed
Fiat Tipo
. It was sold in Britain from 1988 to 1992, but was withdrawn from sale for a number of reasons — particularly the domestic upheavels in Yugoslavia and the fall in popularity of the whole Yugo range in Britain. Sales continued in its homeland, with an update at the end of the 1990s.
Zastava did not launch another new car for another 16 years. The 2003
Zastava 10
model was another Fiat design — this time the second generation
. It boasts similar features to the Punto and other cars in its class such as the
Volkswagen Polo
. It is competitively priced compared to other similar-sized cars, including the Punto on which it is based.
Four years after its launch, the
Zastava 10
has not yet been sold outside of the
former Yugoslavia
According to Fiat sources a new memorandum of understanding between Fiat and the Serb ministry of economic and regional development about the acquisition of Zastava's Kragujevac plant foresees a new company being set up in which the Italians would have a 70 percent stake and the Serb government 30 percent. Several models are to be introduced to the plant once its upgrade is complete, including possibly the Fiat 500 and the new low cost vehicle that Fiat is introducing to compete with Renault's Dacia brand.
Polski Fiat/FSO (Poland)
Fiat automobiles have been made in Poland since 1920. In 1932, the
Polskie Zakłady Inżynieryjne
started the production of
Fiat 508
, produced until 1939 also as a military vehicle. In 1936 the licence was extended to include the
Fiat 518
In 1965, the Polish communist government signed a deal with Fiat to produce selected Fiat models in Poland at the
factory in
that had been built in 1951.
Production of the new car — the
Polski Fiat 125p
- began in 1967. It was visually identical to the
Fiat 125
, but it made use of older Fiat mechanicals which dated back to 1960. The car sold very well in its homeland and was soon exported to
Western Europe
. In 1978 it appeared on a new five-door hatchback, the
FSO Polonez
, that made use of Fiat 125p
running gear
.After 1982, Fiat withdrew its licence and since then FSO badge was reinstated.
Polski Fiat 125p
design survived until 1991, by which time almost 1,500,000 had been made in less than 25 years. It was a cheap competitor for similar Eastern European budget cars, and by the time of its demise, many Eastern European carmakers were adopting modern Western style designs in place of the archaic three-box saloons that had barely moved out of the 1960s.
FSO was taken over by
of South Korea in 1995, by which time the
FSO Polonez
had been replaced by the
, which was little more than a
of the 1978 design with underpinnings dating back to 1960. This car was sold in Western Europe until the end of the 1990s, and production finally finished in 2002.
FSO had become independent again in late 2000, after Daewoo went
and was taken over by General Motors. Despite this, FSO continued to build versions of the
Daewoo Matiz
Daewoo Lanos
. These cars remain in production to this day, although the target of the factory is to focus on the production of the
Chevrolet Aveo
which has already been introduced.
The Fabryka Samochodów Małolitrażowych (FSM) in
started the output of the
Fiat 126
in 1973 and the Cinquecento (see
Fiat Cinquecento
)in 1991 .
In 1992 90% of stock of FSM (Fiat Auto Poland, since 1993) was purchased by Fiat Auto. since then it produced Cinquecento, Uno, Seicento, Siena and Palio Weekend (see
Fiat Cinquecento
Fiat Uno
Fiat Seicento
Fiat Siena
Fiat Palio Weekend
) models with the capacity up to 200.000 cars a year. In 2003, FSM become the sole producer of
Fiat Panda
, and in 2007 of new
Fiat 500
model. The capacity was increased to ca. 280.000 cars a year, and due to new investments in 2006-2007 will reach over half a million in 2008. This will enable Fiat Auto Poland to include a new model of the
Ford Ka
, a joint Ford-Fiat project, in its production. It is worth noting both Panda and 500 were selected
European car of the year
, respectively in 2004 and 2007.
Fiat 500 & 126
Other Fiat investment in Poland is a joint Fiat-GM venture of
, producing multijet (see
JTD engine
) car engines both for Fiat and GM models.
AutoVAZ Lada (Soviet Union/Russia)
In 1966, Fiat helped U.S.S.R. state industries build a new car factory (
) on the banks of the
A planned city called
(named after
Palmiro Togliatti
, former
Italian Communist Party
) was developed around the factory, which started producing a "people's car" similar to the
Volkswagen Beetle
Citroën 2CV
of Germany and France.
The new Soviet car, called the Lada, however, was a more spacious offering, in
four-door saloon
five-door estate
Fiat installed British-built machine tools supplied by Herbert-BSA of
for the manufacture of many Lada parts.
The 124's design was mechanically upgraded to survive treacherous Russian driving conditions and extremely cold winters. Imports to Western Europe, Canada, and some third world countries began, and by the early 1980s, the cars began to sell fairly well thanks largely to their low asking price. This car was upgraded to become the
Lada Riva
(marketing name in some markets) in 1980.
In 1977 the
four-wheel drive
Lada Niva
was introduced which used some proprietary Fiat based components from the car (eg engine and gearbox), but the body and four-wheel drive system were VAZ designs. The Riva and Niva are still in production as of 2008.
In June 2008, Fiat and
Sollers JSC
have formalised a number of joint ventures announced last year to make and sell Fiat cars and engines in Russia. They will make up to 90,000 diesel engines and up to 50,000 Fiat Linea sedans a year. Production was scheduled to begin in 2008.
1967-1971 produced
Tofaş, Turkey
is joint venture owned by Fiat SpA and Koç Holding (37.8% Fiat Group Automobiles, 37.8% Koc and 24.3% others). The Fiat 124 was produced under licence by
as the
Tofaş Murat
. This was replaced by a version of the
Fiat 131
, known as the
Tofaş Şahin
. Today the Fiat Linea car is amongst those manufactured by the Fiat-Tofas joint venture in Turkey, and the company has 12.1% of the Turkish car market as of 2007.
SEAT, Spain
In Spain,
) was set up with Fiat assistance, producing Fiat models under its own brand name until 1981, when Fiat withdrew its support. However, production of the Fiat-based models continued, with the final Fiat-based SEAT (the
) not finishing until 1996. By this stage, SEAT had become part of German manufacturer
after several years of ownership by the Spanish government.
South Africa
In South Africa, the
Fiat Uno
was assembled under licence by
, which marketed it through its dealerships as the Uno, with only limited Fiat branding.
Fiat 131
, known as the Holland Car DOCC.
Helwan, Egypt
Following the
Egyptian Revolution of 1952
, President
Gamal Abdel Nasser
ordered the EGID (General Intelligence Agent) to establish a state owned automobile company.
was founded in 1960 in Helwan, Egypt. It began producing some Fiat based models, but later on produced the
Tofaş Şahin
under license by Tofaş. Until today, both the Fiat 128 and the Şahin are in production in Egypt.
Premier Automobiles, India
Premier Automobiles Limited
is a Mumbai-based manufacturer of vehicles founded in 1944. In 1951, the company began producing versions of the
Fiat 500
for the Indian market. This was followed by the
Fiat 1100
in 1954. In 1973, the Premier name was used on its vehicles for the first time, the Premier President, based on the
Fiat 1100
Premier Padmini
. In 1984, they launched the
Fiat 124
-based Premier 118 and 138D models.
Fiat India Automobiles Private Limited (FIAPL)
is a joint venture between Fiat and
Tata Motors
. It was founded in 1997. Fiat builds the Palio Stile and Palio Stile Multijet in India and imports its Fiat 500 into India from Italy, whereas Fiat has many cars under its hood planned for India like the internationally acclaimed Linea, Grande Punto and Bravo, of which the Linea was released in January 2009 and the Punto in June 2009, both the cars have been well received both by the press and by the public. Bravo will follow in mid 2009. The Fiat plant is situated in Ranjangaon near Pune in Maharashtra and also manufactures the Tata Indica.
Sri Lanka
In 1964-65, the
Ceylon Transport Board
contemplated production of buses in
Sri Lanka
in collaboration with FIAT.
However, with the change of Government in 1965, the CTB opted for a deal with
British Leyland
In 1973, entrepreneur
Upali Wijewardena
's Upali Motor Company began assembly of the so-called 'Upali-FIAT' 128. However, production ended with the introduction of the open-market economy in 1978.
North Korea
The North Korean car manufacturer and dealer
Pyeonghwa Motors
assembles two Fiat models under licence since 2002: Hwiparam - based on the
Fiat Siena
, Ppeokkugi - based on the
Fiat Doblò
See also
Automotive industry crisis of 2008-2009
List of Italian companies
Automotive industry
List of aircraft piston engines
External links
The Fiat Group
The Fiat car company
The official Fiat Commercial Vehicles website
Fiat (Malta)
Fiat UK
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text:
One can only look at so many dreary House of Cards apartments before nodding off, only to be woken up hours later by one of Cashew the Guinea Pig's wheeks. Falling asleep is as much a part of the binge watching experience as drinking too much and ignoring your family and annoying calls from your boss who doesn't understand how close you are to FINALLY finishing season five of Murphy Brown. The obvious drawback, though, is missing everything that happened after you passed out into your pile of Lone Star cans.
SCIENCE has an answer for that.
Netflix held itself a little hackathon, and one of the ingenious hacks to come out of the 24-hour key-clacking jamboree involved a wearable Fitbit device capable of detecting when a user had fallen asleep. With its motion-sensing capabilities tied into Netflix's playback controls, it could then pause the movie. When the user went to play the movie back later, an option appeared for resuming the stream at the point he or she nodded off.
Even though this was a Netflix-backed hackathon, Netflix says that's no guarantee we'll ever see such a feature implemented. (Via)
It should be. God forbid we should miss even one Kevin Spacey eye roll.


text:
I'm hoping that your Holy Week and Easter celebrations were filled with the power of faith and that you arrived at Easter dawn with a sense of wonder and awe at the amazing power of God to do even the most incredible things. A clergy friend of mine, Rev. Patricia Felletter wrote this poem on the first date of Easter-tide, with only 49 days left before Pentecost Sunday. The poem is shared here with her permission:
Forty Nine Days of Easter
Yesterday we remembered Jesus rose from the dead. It was a very powerful day.
Organs, choirs, chimes, a trumpet. The violin. Classical music,
Old familiar hymns. Potted plants filled the church with the splendor Easter brings.
Communion was served. Easter offerings consecrated. A thoughtful message co-existed with scripture before a packed sanctuary. Later when the clock struck midnight
Easter people slept in their beds with Work clothing laid out for the morning.
Today chocolate is on sale. Easter eggs are put in the fridge out of sight
Easter baskets are emptied and cast aside.
Peeps are at bargain prices in a shopping cart.
Tears shed at the foot of the cross are dried. The disciples are getting on with life.
And as they do, they will offer Jesus' message and healing
For forty-nine more days of Easter.
We will struggle to keep Easter alive
So that yesterday's renewal will not get old.
We will return to a sanctuary where infrequent visitors no longer are present.
It will be harder now to maintain our Lenten promises
And live out the challenges our Savior made
Because the euphoria in Easter morning's gathering will dissipate
Therefore let us tell all the familiar stories and sing all the post-Easter hymns
and be reminded that we are still Easter people, undiminished.
Our lives no longer quite as ordinary as they were throughout the long preparations in Lent.
We invite users of this website to post comments in response to posts published here. In order to maintain a respectful community, we insist that comments be polite, respectful and tolerant of opposing viewpoints. We reserve the right to remove comments that are hostile, hateful or abusive to others, or that constitute personal attacks. In the interest of transparency, we highly recommend that users comment using their full names. For those who feel a need for more anonymity, however, we will allow posts using first names and last initial.


text:
Flüge Palermo
- Home
- Reiseziele
- Palermo
Flüge nach Palermo von €79.99
Sun-drenched beaches, natural parks and cultural cities: western Sicily will surprise you. Not only is Palermo the capital of the island, it is also a city rich in art with its Arabic, Moorish, Baroque and Art Nouveau architecture. Book your seat on one of our flights to Palermo and come and explore this city!
Flights to Palermo: that's why!
• A blend of sun, beach and culture
• Rocky coasts, beaches, creeks, vineyards, mountains and so much more
• Palermo: the capital of Sicily as well as a major city of the arts
• A fascinating island with innumerable myths and legends
Flights to Palermo: that's why!
• A blend of sun, beach and culture
• Rocky coasts, beaches, creeks, vineyards, mountains and so much more
• Palermo: the capital of Sicily as well as a major city of the arts
• A fascinating island with innumerable myths and legends
Tipps für Ihren Aufenthalt in Palermo
Flights to Palermo: must-sees!Palermo
Palermo: as the Italians say, 'the only real Sicilian metropolis'. The city boasts the largest harbour of Italy and is the economic and cultural centre of the island. With flights to Palermo you will stumble upon numerous sights. Our top three:
1. La Martorana (official name: Santa Maria dell'Ammiraglio) was built in 1143 and is an impressive combination of Byzantine and Baroque architecture. The church is especially famous for its colourful and unique mosaics. A feast for the eyes!
2. The Capuchin Catacombs, home to a collection of mummies from the 16th century. Thanks to the Capuchin monks, the bodies of the dead have been preserved so well that you can still see about 8,000 of them. It is a bit macabre, but certainly worth a visit.
3. The Palazzo dei Normanni (Palace of the Normans) has been Sicily's political centre of power for a thousand years. The Sicilian Regional Assembly still meets in this building. The Palatine Chapel featuring elegant mosaics, the courtyard and its various halls are all good reasons to book those flights to Palermo.
Valley of the Temples, Agrigento
Agrigento, then called Akragas, was founded by the Greeks in 581 BC and their temples have been very well preserved. This archaeological site is an absolute must-see in Sicily, boasting the temple of Hera, the temple of Zeus and the temple of Concordia, one of the best-preserved Greek temples in the world. With flights to Palermo, Ancient Greece is within easy reach.
Sicily is perfect for a day at the beach. The gulf of Castellamare is home to several cosy villages along vast sandy beaches. Picturesque Cefalù, one of the villages located in Madonie Regional Natural Park, is more than just a seaside resort thanks to its beautiful historical centre. The azure sea is absolutely tempting.
Natural Park Parco delle Madonie
The hilly Madonie Regional Natural Park covers about 35,000 ha and is home to 15 villages. This green lung is not only laced with walking trails and mountain bike tracks among the magnificent wildlife, it also boasts several museums, an adventure park, a golf course, etc. enough to get lost in Sicily's beautiful nature for hours.
Cheap Tickets
* Preise pro Person, Hinflug, einschließlich der Flughafensteuern. Buchungen möglich vom 07/11/19 bis zum 08/11/20. Abreise möglich vom 07/11/19 bis zum 08/11/20. Die zu diesen Sonderpreisen angebotenen Flugtickets sind beschränkt erhältlich. Die Sonderaktion gilt nur, solange der Vorrat reicht. Diese Angebotsliste wird regelmässig aktualisiert. Den Zeitpunkt der letzten Aktualisiering finden Sie untenstehend neben 'zuletzt bearbeitet'. Tickets zu diesen Minimumpreisen sind daher immer begrenzt verfügbar und nur solange der Vorrat reicht. Danach können höhere Preise gelten.
Flüge nach Palermo an folgenden Tagen
Brüssel (BRU) Palermo, Italien (PMO)
|27/04/20 - 03/05/20
|04/05/20 - 11/10/20
Flüge nach Palermo an folgenden Tagen
Lille (LIL) Palermo, Italien (PMO)
|06/04/20 - 11/10/20


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Blackout Blinds
Blackout blinds made to measure to your bespoke requirements. The specifically engineered materials prevent light from entering any room where strong sunlight is present, an excellent choice for the bedroom or bathroom where privacy is a primary decision maker in the selection of which type of window blind to buy. Do you have a problem with light reflecting on a flat screen tv, then a blackout roller blind is the solution, easy to use, can be pulled up out of view then lowered when required. Need a roller blind that's easy to clean, gives ultimate privacy with protection against moisture then any of the PVC roller blinds in Kao, Toro, Sahara or Unilux are the perfect solution. Order online to have a bespoke blackout blind delivered direct to your home, made to measure with quality materials and components, with easy to follow how to fit instructions.


text:
InfoTrack helps manufacturers and their channel partners develop and implement high
impact sales strategies. Integrating needs assessment, competitive analysis, pricing
strategy, audits and feedback from channels and customers, we work with our clients
to improve underperforming marketing programs as well as to launch new campaigns.
We provide the following to our marketing support clients:
Successful sales strategies often require two perfectly executed campaigns, one
to capture and maintain mindshare of the sales channel, the other to meet the needs
of the target market. At InfoTrack, we have a long history of helping our clients
succeed at both.


text:
Finding the perfect climate for inventory levels
Success Storyback to overview
Kampmann GmbH develops, manufactures and distributes a range of innovative air-conditioning solutions. With increasing product variety and the development of new production facilities, Kampmann contends with a growing number of challenges. However with help from INFORM and the add*ONE Inventory Optimizer software solution, Kampmann was able to reduce stock levels by up to 40%.
Request a copy of the complete success story here.


text:
Search News
IDB Group launches Open Innovation Challenge to reduce plastic use
September 26, 2019
Washington, D.C. — The Inter-American Development Bank Group together with MIT Solve launch an Open Innovation Challenge that seeks to find the most innovative solutions that substantially reduce or eliminate single-use plastic and plastic waste in Latin America and the Caribbean. The Rethink Plastics Challenge offers the selected solutions prizes totaling 60,000 USD.
Advances in key fiscal expenditure to finance climate change
August 29, 2019
SANTIAGO, Chile – Advances on the basic elements to build a methodology that identifies public spending on climate change and produces information for decision makers, has been the main result of a regional workshop conducted by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and the Ministry of Finance of Chile, in collaboration with regional and international institutions and with governments of Latin America and the Caribbean.
Multilateral banks reaffirm pledge to support resilient, sustainable infrastructure
October 13, 2018
IDB President Luis Alberto Moreno participates in the opening session BALI, Indonesia - The heads of the leading multilateral development banks (MDBs) meeting at the Global Infrastructure Forum 2018 (GI Forum) today expressed their condolences following the tragic loss of lives and livelihoods in Sulawesi, Indonesia and reaffirmed their commitment to work together to deliver infrastructure that is resilient, inclusive, and sustainable.
IDB launches report detailing steps to help avoid social conflicts
September 10, 2018
A new report by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) identifies ten key elements that can help projects improve their sustainability and reduce potential social conflicts, from proper community engagement and legal foundations to adequate monitoring of results.
Artificial intelligence to boost Latin American and Caribbean economies: IDB study
August 29, 2018
Study also urges governments to anticipate consequences of artificial intelligence in labor markets BUENOS AIRES – Artificial intelligence can facilitate trade negotiations and add one additional percentage point of growth to Latin American and the Caribbean economies, according to a study by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB).
IDB Group and Civil Society discuss sustainable development challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean
November 07, 2017
More than 500 civil society representatives from 26 nations and international experts share knowledge on innovation from the perspective of future jobs, intelligent cities, the digital economy and social innovation SANTA CRUZ, Bolivia – More than 500 representatives from Latin American and Caribbean Civil Societies organizations met in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, with senior Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) officials to discuss ways to put innovation at the service of sustainable development.
The trade slowdown in Latin America and the Caribbean is more intense than in the rest of the world
November 17, 2016
South American and Caribbean countries were the most affected. Following two years in a downward trajectory, the value of Latin American exports fell 14.8 percent in 2015, and 8.5 percent in the first seven months of 2016, according to the Trade and Integration Monitor 2016 of the Inter-American Development Bank.
IDB President, experts to talk to members of media accredited to the Habitat III Conference in Quito, Ecuador
October 15, 2016
Habitat, the main global conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development, is being held for the first time in Latin America The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) will have a strong presence in the Habitat III Conference to be held in Quito, Ecuador, Oct. 17-20, 2016.
Canada funds IDB Program for Better Natural Resource Management in the Americas
March 31, 2016
CAN $ 20 million grant from Canada will improve transparency and sustainability in the extractive industries sector The Government of Canada has donated CAN$20 million to establish the Canadian Extractive Sector Facility (CANEF) at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). The Facility will support knowledge generation activities and technical assistance throughout Latin America and the Caribbean.
Key emerging markets attract record $126 billion in clean energy investment
November 23, 2015
Latest Climatescope study from the Inter-American Development Bank's Multilateral Investment Fund and Bloomberg New Energy Finance shows 2014 clean energy activity mainly occurred in developing countries, led by China, Brazil and Chile


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LCA's wastewater system in the City of Allentown is the "central hub" of the regional system that provides wastewater collection service to municipalities in western Lehigh County. The Kline's Island Wastewater Treatment Plant provides treatment services for more than 150,000 people throughout Lehigh County, treating about 32 million gallons of wastewater each day. Wastewater is treated to the highest possible environmental standards, with treated water discharged to the Little Lehigh Creek, immediately before its confluence with the Lehigh River.
Click here to view a map of the regional system.
In Allentown, we provide direct sewer service to more than 33,000 residential and commercial properties, as well as municipal treatment services to many more communities throughout Lehigh County. Municipalities connected to this regional network include:
Borough of Alburtis
Borough of Coplay
Borough of Emmaus
Borough of Macungie
Hanover Township
Lower Macungie Township
Lowhill Township
North Whitehall Township
Salisbury Township
South Whitehall Township
Upper Macungie Township
Upper Milford Township*
Weisenberg Township*
Whitehall Township
In most cases,* we charge the municipalities for their connection with our interceptor system, and the municipalities run their own sewer network. Municipalities own and operate their own sewer systems and send bills to residents and businesses according to their own municipal rate structures.
* In Upper Milford and Weisenberg townships, LCA is the designated wastewater service provider. In these townships, we own and operated the sewer network and send bills directly to the residential and commercial customers that are connected to our system.


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Hope 2016 is treating you well.
After watching countless of 2015 favourite videos, I thought that I should share my own!
Starting with base products:
Starting from left:
Holika Holika Clearing Petit BB Cream: This Korean BB cream comes in 4 different types, and it is one of the best products for oily/combination skins [it works for me!] Love the price, the packaging, the product. I've reviewed this back in 2013 [read it HERE] and you can get yours from HERE.
Etude House Goodbye Pore Ever: Another Korean product, this time a makeup primer. This should target pores, however I find that it's not such a great pore filler [but maybe that's because my pores are HUGE]. This works really well as a normal primer though. Read my full review HERE and get it from HERE
Rimmel Stay Matte Liquid Mousse Foundation: One of my makeup staples - I've bought this countless of times. Love the coverage, the finish, and the price! Read my full review HERE.
L'Oreal True Match Foundation: Another one of my holy grails, however I love the old formula better than this new version. I need to go out on a look out on Maltese stands to check if I can still find this! It's not dewy, it's not matte - it gives you healthy looking skin without looking too OTT. Read my review HERE
L.A. Girl Pro Conceal: Numerous beauty gurus rave about this concealer, and now I know why! I love it, my mum loves it, everyone does! There's a huge variety of shades, super coverage, cheap price. I've compared it with the MAC Prolongwear in this review HERE and I get mine from HERE
Catrice Cosmetics Prime and Fine Mattifying Waterproof Powder: What an amazing powder! So amazing that when it came out that it would be discontinued, a lot of my friends went out to buy backups. I've had more than 5 of these throughout 2015. It's perfect for setting your undereye or your entire face, gives a lovely smooth finish, good at oil control. Really inexpensive. Not sure about the waterproof claim though. If you see this on a Catrice stand, trust me and get it [and back ups!]
Collection Lasting Perfection Concealer: Another amazing drugstore concealer which unfortunately isn't available in Malta. So I either get it through send on, or when I'm over in the UK [or if somebody I know is over there]. Love the finish, love the consistency, I really WISH this was available locally!
Sleek Trio of Blushers in 'Pink Sprint': One of my favourite things to collect is blushers - I never go out of the house without having any on. My most used blush in 2015 is undoubtedly this trio by Sleek. Love the pink tones, super highly pigmented [use with caution!] use each shade separately or mix them to get your own custom shade. Check out my review HERE.
Essence Soo Glow Cream to Powder Highlighter: 2015 has been the year of strobing and highlighting and contouring. It is very difficult to find a good drugstore highlight, and I normally use a normal shimmery eyeshadow instead. However, I love layering powders on creams. This Essence highlighter has a good payoff, nice finish, and nice shade too! Read my full review HERE
Essence Lash Princess Mascara [the Green Version]: I LOVE both versions of this mascara [both the green pictured here, and the peach] It gives such a nice effect to my lashes: longer and fuller. It also doesn't take a long time to dry, and does not smudge or budge. And for the price ... Wow. Definitely try this one out girls!
Max Factor False Lash Effect Mascara: Even though this mascara claims to give a false lash effect, I find that on me the effect is more natural. Still, I have used it ever since I got it, and I'm using it still. Love the formula, like the brush. Check out my review HERE
Essence Liquid Ink Eyeliner in Waterproof: What an amazing liquid eyeliner! The colour payoff, the longevity, the price, the brush. 10/10 from my behalf. I've heard that this is going to be discontinued though ... must stock up! I have kept 2 empty tubes because I love the brush so much.
Ebay 15 Eyeshadow Matte Palette: I must admit that I don't really use drugstore eyeshadows [I love UD too much!], however when I couldn't find a nice warm toned brown shadow, I turned to Ebay. And the shadow in the middle of this palette is the reason to why I got it. This palette has ok pigmentation, and it isn't that hard to blend. See swatches in my review HERE and get yours from HERE
Catrice Eye Brow Pencil: My most loved eye brow pencil of 2015 [and last year's too!] I've re-purchased this a number of times: lovely pigmentation, it's a good shade for my brows, stays on throughout the day, awesome price.
Etude House Color My Brows: This brow mascara comes in 5 different shades, so you'll probably find a good match. Love the finish, does not give my brows a plastic-y, hard feel. It also has a good sized wand. I use it both in combination with the Catrice pencil, or on its own for a more natural effect. Get it from HERE
2015 has undoubtedly been the year of the liquid lipsticks. Everyone and their mother came out with their versions: from high to low end. from Sephora to Ebay.
MeNow Generation Liquid Lipsticks: These are, I think, one of the best Ebay finds of 2015. I have eight of them [check out my review with full swatches HERE]. Love the price, love the pigmentation, love the longevity. There's a wide range of shades [30+] Totally check them out. Get yours from HERE. [Sidenote: They've gone a bit up in price, ever since they've been raved about. A lot of US and UK sellers are selling them for a more expensive price. so do your homework carefully!]
Imagic Beauty Lipgloss Liquid Lipstick: A while back I also stumbled across these cheap Ebay liquid lipsticks. They're also super matte with a nice finish and a nice pigmentation, however their consistency is on the thinner side. There are 12 shades in all, I have 3 of them [my review with swatches HERE. Get yours from HERE
Pupa Milano I'm Lipsticks: If you love soft touch feel lipsticks with a hint of shine, than you should totally check the I'm range by Pupa. There's a wide shade range, the finish is gorgeous, longevity is amazing, packaging is really chic, and pigmentation superb! Check out my reviews HERE and HERE
Rimmel London Apocalips: Another liquid lipstick, but this one comes with a gloss/balm on the other end. Really amazing pigmentation, does not dry out the lips, super staying power. The only downside to these is that there aren't many shades [around 6 I believe]. If you want to try out liquid lipsticks but you prefer having a gloss applicator because you suffer from super dry lips, go for this one.
Milani Easy Liner in Sugar Plum: Ever since Carly Bybel talked about this shade, I was sold! Love the fact that you don't have to sharpen this, love the smooth application, love the color payoff. This shade is truly an amazing one - and perfect for Autumn and Winter! I use this dark shade both with vampy lip colours, reds and dark pinks for a subtle, ombre look.
Etude House Soft Touch Auto Lip Liner: Another Korean favourite, these lip liners are gorgeous and a bargain! Mine is in a dusty rose shade, and I normally use this as a lipstick - it's that soft and creamy. Really good longevity too! This shade is my lips but better shade, seriously gorgeous. Can also be used under nude and pink lipstick shades. Get yours from HERE
So that's it chicas! Of course this post could have gone on forever - there are so many products that I've used and re-used during 2015. But I feel that these were staples in my makeup bag! Hope this post helps you out,


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This Lazarus Naturals high potency, blood orange CBD oil (0.5 oz, 15 ml) has been naturally infused with blood orange extract for a pleasant flavor. It also contains a high-quality CBD for effectiveness. Graduated droppers come included with each product to provide accurate measurements. You get 50 mg of CBD extract for each one milliliter that you consume. A full spectrum product that contains various terpenes and cannabinoids, this product is blended with hemp seed oil, fractionated coconut oil and avocado oil.
This is the product for you if you want something that has a higher concentration of CBD. Each batch of product is third party tested to ensure potency and consistency.
Suggested Use:
Take 1ml (50mg) as needed, or as directed by your healthcare provider. May take up to 2 hours for full effect. Serving may vary greatly by individual
Consult your doctor before use if you have been advised against eating grapefruit.


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Bank of America Survey Phish Is a Good One
I've been around long enough that I almost always see a phish for what it is immediately. This one caught me off-guard for a moment. It arrives as an e-mail with an HTML file attachment:
Dear Bank of America Cardholder,
You've been selected to take part in our quick and easy 6 questions survey
In return we will credit $50.00 to your account - Just for your time!
Please spare two minutes of your time and take part in our online survey
so we can improve our services.
Don't miss this chance to change something.
Please download the form attached to this email and open it in a web browser.
Once opened, you will be provided with steps to Take the survey.
© 2009 Bank of America Corporation. All rights reserved.
* If you received this message in your SPAM/BULK folder, that is because of the
restrictions implemented by your ISP
* For security reasons, we will record your ip address, the date and time.
* Deliberate wrong imputs are criminally pursued and indicted.
Once I saw the HTML file attachment I knew what was up, but the e-mail and the HTML form (click on the nearby graphic for a full-size image) are reasonably well-written, save the one typo in the e-mail ("imputs"), which I only just noticed because of my own spell-checker. Of course there's no reason they'd need your social security number and credit card details for this. I hope you all know to think about such inquiries before answering them.
Originally posted to the PCMag.com security blog, Security Watch.


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Vote for BT in the DJ Mag Top 100!
A Grammy-nominated producer and live-DJ is amongst us. Known as one of the most cutting edge artists not only within EDM, but in an array of musical styles, is BT. His 8th studio album is coming up, and with incredible live-shows leaving us in awe, we can't help but to campaign for him in the DJ Mag Top 100.
BT has left an indelible mark on electronic music and the technology and techniques that make it possible. The architect behind classics such as 'Flaming June', 'Every Other Way' and 'Love Comes Again', was nominated for the DJ Mag Top 100 for the first time in 1998, and continues to be featured in it, despite him being more of a live act than an actual DJ.
If you love his sounds, and would love to have him in the DJ Mag Top 100 again, then head off to the voting poll and cast your vote!


text:
RiaTech™ 2m Long Top Quality Multi Purpose Security Cable Lock With Number for Notebook/Laptop Bicycle Bike Hand Bag Trolley Bag
Brand : RiaTech
Colour : Silver
Length :200cm- 6.5feet-2metre
Method For Using Number Lock :
Initial Password of Lock is 0000
To Set Your Personal Combination (Password), Follow These Steps:
Step 1:
Push the number-adjusting Rod of Lock Inward(The Original Number is 0-0-0-0
Set Your Secret Combination by Turning the digits.
Step 3:
Decontrol Number-adjusting Rod and Let it Return to the Original Postion.
Step 4:
Open the Lock again; Now Your Personal Code is Set.
Step 5:
Make Sure You note Your Code Carefully and Check that the Lock Functiond Correctly.
Step 6:
If You Want to Change to a New Combination; Repeat Step 1 to 5.
You can also refer Product Packaging to Set Password with reference of Images.
Note: This security Cable is Very Useful to Protect Your important things from Thieves.
Warranty: 1 Year Warranty By SaiTech IT PVT LTD
Additional Info
Additional Info
|Featured Product On Home
Do You Have Any Question ?
* required fields


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It seems, as we close out the year, the final gag of 2016 has been just how bad 2016 has been. From a recent rash of devastating celebrity deaths to a number of global disasters, this year has become outright notorious. That hasn't stopped the world from turning, though, and the entertainment industry in particular has kept on in its tireless effort to offer us all the occasional on-screen escape - something many of us took advantage of, if 2016's record breaking box office numbers are any indication.
Films have offered viewers a brief break from their daily lives since the dawn of cinema. In recent decades, the industry has only been able to further capitalize on this concept, providing escapist journeys into sci-fi and fantasy worlds that grow more and more elaborate as technology allows them to further develop. 2016 was no exception, as mainstream theaters played a fair number of garden-variety comedies and dramas, but sci-fi/fantasy franchise films dominated the box office. One supercut of some of the year's best-known films highlights this fast-paced year in cinema.
Yesterday, Screen Junkies released a video called "The Year in Movies: 2016 Cinema Supercut" to their YouTube channel. The six-minute montage, assembled by Josh "JTE" Tapia, brings together clips from a number of 2016 movies spanning multiple genres. The first half of the montage is dedicated entirely to the year's more action-packed movies, from Deadpool to Star Trek: Beyond, while the second half branches out into genres like comedy, drama, and animation. Check out the full supercut, above.
The montage does appear to reference films specifically for their popularity and cultural specificity, as it's worth noting that this is mainly the year in American cinema, and even then the montage only scrapes the surface. Though it offers a glimpse at some of the year's independent films, they're mainly ones that played in major theaters. And, though the video's description calls this a "best of 2016 Cinema" tribute, the video does not shy away from showcasing films that were critically panned - though they were likely included because of their impressive box office numbers.
Though this montage is certainly representative of this year in popular cinema, it would have been nice to see a few more films that diverged from the 2016 CGI-fueled norm. One of the year's most renowned films, Florence Foster Jenkins, didn't even make the (super)cut, despite its four Golden Globe nominations. The montage is also dominated by images of and conversations between men, which flies in the face of some of the year's most praiseworthy, female-led films. For instance, Felicity Jones and Emma Stone don't get their close-ups, despite leading up recent smashes Rogue One and La La Land, but Ben Affleck and Michael Fassbender get plenty of screen time. Hollywood's gender problem is hardly a well-kept secret, but it seems ridiculous for a montage of all things to feed into that representational void.
This is an entertaining trip down recent memory lane, and a well-cut montage on its own. It just may not be the best representation of cinematic 2016, depending on who you ask.
Source: Screen Junkies


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Miracle Ear of Ormond Beach
location on Google Maps.
in new tab.
on social media.
As America's most recognized brand of hearing aids, Miracle-Ear® should be your top choice when you need hearing aids in Ormond Beach, FL. Our experienced specialists will make you feel at home as they test your hearing and show you all of the hearing aids that are available to you. We understand that your needs are unique, and we'll work hard to help you find the hearing aid that best matches your personal situation.
Business Hours
Monday 9:30 AM - 4:30 PM
Tuesday 9:30 AM - 4:30 PM
Wednesday 9:30 AM - 4:30 PM
Thursday 9:30 AM - 4:30 PM
Friday 9:30 AM - 4:30 PM
Saturday By appointment
Sunday By appointment


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The new Friday the 13th game started as something else: a game titled "Slasher Vol. 1: Summer Camp", being developed by Gun Media. Summer Camp was meant to be an homage to the 80's horror explosion. The original teaser was a gritty standard definition trailer for a cheesy horror movie in which the narrator warned that, at this summer camp, "Your sleeping bag will be your body bag."
I was very excited about this game and devoured every scrap of news I could find, so you may be able to imagine the levels of hype I was feeling when the website changed to host an image of a bloody VCR with a 23 day countdown. No one knew what it meant – we just had to wait. It was a mixture of excitement and worry that I awoke to after 3 weeks of waiting. I found out that the game I had been holding my breath for had become the first Friday the 13th game since 2007, which was a mobile game, so does it really count? (In 2007 it was cool if your phone could play Tetris.) After my initial unjustified sense of betrayal, I became excited.
Now a Kickstarter page has been posted. Gun Media is asking for $700,000 to help finish the game and make the necessary changes to turn the homage into the real thing, but they aren't doing it alone. Sean S. Cunningham directed the original Friday the 13th and helped create the horror icon that is Jason Vorhees. Tom Savini, who has credits to his name that include Day of the Dead, Dawn of the Dead, and Friday the 13th, will executive produce and be in charge of cinematography. Harry Manfedini will be composing the music, which makes sense because he composed music for 9 of the 12 movies in the franchise. The final horror alum to be added to the team is Kane Hodder, who will be the Mo-Cap/Stunt Coordinator. He is, and will be, the man behind the mask, and considering he played Jason in movies 7-10, I would say he has more than enough experience.
Gun Media is trying to keep the game as authentic as possible. One way they want to do that is by avoiding a publisher. Publishers might have hang ups about the violence, gore, and nudity needed to make the game feel like Camp Crystal Lake, but Gun Media considers those things to be necessities. The Kickstarter will also contain stretch goals going all the way up to 4.5 million dollars. Rewards range from wallpapers all the way to being in the game as a counselor, but the latter will set you back 10 grand, and at the moment, there are only 2 spots left for that reward.
As far as gameplay goes, it will be 1 VS 7 asymmetrical multiplayer – one person as Jason trying to kill the 7 camp counselors/players. Jason himself will be a nearly unstoppable force, who will have a multitude of abilities to harass, terrify, and dispatch the counselors, while the counselors will be divided into classes that so far have been announced as The Jock, The Nerd, The Girl Next Door, and The Edgy Guy. Gun Media is implementing several win conditions for the camp counselors. If you don't want to run, you can attempt to stop Jason once and for all, but it won't be easy.
Fear will also play a big part in the game. Jason could be lurking behind every corner, and the player will have to mitigate that fear in order to keep their character from suffering adverse effects, such as hallucinations.
At the end of each match, the game will compile the most nail biting moments into a video, like your own little Friday the 13th trailer. Players will then have the option to share these videos with other players. There will also be a unified player progression system that unlocks skins from the long history of this franchise.
Single player was not going to be included in Summer Camp, but now with Jason attached, the team can't pass up the option of allowing players to experience classic moment from the movies as both Jason and the counselors. Head over to the Kickstarter to support this game, or even if you are just interested in reading more about what they have in store for us!
For more gaming news check out the Games and Games podcast.


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New Hampshire's northeastern climate presents some challenges for the herb gardener. A short growing season combined with cold winters limits the choices, but with persistence and creativity, gardeners can enjoy a well-stocked herb garden. A mix of in-ground perennials combined with containerized annuals and tender perennials will yield the largest harvest.
Kitchen Herbs
Herbs are most commonly used in cooking, and many popular types can be grown in the New Hampshire area. Oregano (Origanum vulgare), a small, shrubby herb, thrives throughout the region. Put out a pot of basil (Ocimum basilicum) after all danger of frost is passed and you will have the classic Italian cooking combination.
If French dishes are on your menu, consider planting tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) in a large container. Tarragon will thrive outdoors in the mild New Hampshire summers and can be brought indoors for year-round use.
Plant sage (Salvia), thyme (Thymus) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum) near your kitchen door for fast, fresh additions to chicken, fish and vegetable dishes. Ornamental as well as edible, these herbs can improve your landscape and your cooking.
Often overlooked as an old-fashioned condiment, horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) is a pest-resistant garden plant that adds bite to recipes. Plant horseradish in a container; it can be invasive.
Herbs for Tea
A cup of chamomile (Matricaria recutita) or peppermint (Mentha piperita) tea is delicious, but when you've grown the leaves yourself, it might taste even better. Chamomile and mint teas are often taken after dinner to sooth an over-full stomach. Use caution when planting mint; it can be invasive. It is best grown in a plastic container sunk into the dirt.
Catnip (Nepeta) may make your cat crazy, but it has the opposite effect on humans. Taken as a tea, catnip is mild and soothing. Related to mint, catnip can be grown in buried containers. Bring a small pot indoors in winter, but keep it out of reach of the cat.
Medicinal Herbs
Hyssop (Hysoppus officinalis) sends up long flower spikes in red, blue and pink. Its leaves can be eaten fresh or preserved by drying or freezing. Hyssop leaves can be made into a throat-soothing tea. Leaves can be boiled and used as a compress for bruises. Hyssop is a perennial in all parts of New Hampshire.
Horehound (Marrubium vulgare) is a common ingredient in many herbal cough drops. Fresh leaves can be boiled and steeped to brew a tea that relieves coughs.
Insect Repelling Herbs
Rue (Ruta) repels fleas and grows to a height of 18 inches in New Hampshire gardens. Fine, bluish-green leaves can be crushed and rubbed on your dog's fur to repel fleas. Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is hardy to USDA zone 5 (southern New Hampshire) but can be grown with protection in areas further north. Cut and dried, the flowers and stems of this aromatic plant are believed to repel clothing moths.
More Articles
- What Herbs Are Good to Grow in Kansas?
- Herbs for Ground Cover
- Care for a Chocolate Mint Plant
- Plant the Herb Fennel
- Catnip Plant Care
- Use Fresh Mint Leaves
- The Best Flowers for Pots in Zone 5
- List of Mint Plants
- Freeze Mint Leaves
- Keep Fresh Cut Mint Fresh
- Plant a Rosemary Hedge
- Basil: Variations on a Favorite Herb


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Rihanna ruffled feathers this week when she released a pretty sexually explicit video for her track with Drake, Work.
The pair performed the song together tonight, where Rihanna crotch grabbed and gyrated on the rapper.
In the second video for the track, which starts immediately after the first on YouTube, the 28-year-old twerks on Drake, grinding against him in a steamy sequence.
At one point, viewers reckon Drake, 29, is supposed to be simulating a sex act with the star as she lap dances while he reclines on a sofa.
YouTube put an age restriction on the video, as it was deemed inappropriate for younger viewers. Her nipples are visible throughout.
Fans blasted the video for being "degrading" and "using sex to sell" online.
It's not the first time Rihanna has been deemed too raunchy – she drew requests to cover up on Instagram over risque images from near-naked magazine shoots in 2014.
She broke away from Nivea in 2012 after their new parent company deemed her too steamy for the brand.
But in 2011, Ofcom ruled that while Rihanna's pre-watershed X Factor performance "featured some gentle thrusting" it was "suitably limited". Her S&M video also had complaints, after she suggestively ate a banana.


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Help Wanted
Webmaster for B-52 Association Web Site & Forum
The Association is accepting applications from Members and/or Spouses for a new Webmaster.
The applicant should be internet savvy and have the interest and time to monitor our website activity and keep it current. It is highly desirable that he/she have previous webmaster experience, with basic knowledge of HTML, and have some knowledge of the B-52 in order to be able to answer or appropriately refer questions.
The website was built using Dreamweaver and some Dreamweaver experience is necessary for making changes. The forum is using PHP BB3. This person will be technically supported by Mary Johnson, President of Web Site Helper LLC, who built the website and forum.
Duties would include:
- Work with President and Board in regard to changes to website pages (e.g. updated list of displayed aircraft, reunion info, etc.).
- Receive the "Contact Association" queries and answer when possible, referring others to a knowledgable third party, handle press inquiries, post pertinent news articles on the website, etc.
- Work with the "Forum" manager in screening spam and inappropriate content.
- Act as the Association interface with Web Site Helper, Avectra (our membership database company), Paypal (our payment company), Amazon, and others as necessary.
- Ongoing Website development and improvement.
For that certain candidate with the right technical knowledge and experience, the Association is prepared to offer some compensation and expense reimbursement, exact terms to be discussed confidentially with the individual.
Applications and informal resumes should be submitted via either email or U.S. mail to:
Jim Hooppaw,
President, B-52 Assn,
W 13518 Meadowview Lane
Nine Mile Falls, WA 99026-9321
Applications to arrive no later than 31 March 2014.


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Kitchen. Thursday , May 23rd , 2019 - 01:58:54 AM
Appliances in your new kitchen need not be the most recent release from a major appliance company. While having the fancy new refrigerator or the hottest new 5 burner cook top may be nice, does it fit into your overall decorating scheme and budget? Believe it or not, a retro refrigerator, if working properly, could be the right fit for your new kitchen. Even your kitchen hood exhaust fan from a different time period can work, as long as it functions fine and does not pose a danger to the rest of your house.
Modern art is made up of everything from the last of the impressionist paintings to Andy Warhol's soup cans and everything that came between them. Something that got painted five minutes ago could be considered modern. Thankfully, when it comes to figuring out whether your chairs are modern chairs in your kitchen. There are just two criteria to keep in mind: are the chairs multi functional and are they artistic enough to be appreciated on their own while not serving any practical purpose? What does that mean?
For the purposes of this article, we will use the terms modern and contemporary interchangeably. While in terms of art history the two are very different, when looking at furniture, there is not a lot of difference between the two.
Some people might scoff at the idea of a chair being a work of art but contemporary kitchen chairs are often exactly that. The sign of the modern kitchen chair is that it does not have to serve any real purpose for people to appreciate it on an artistic level. Are your hairs artistic enough to fulfill that requirement? Could you sit one of your chairs in the living room, not put anything on it and still have people admire it for its artistic merits? If so, then you have modern kitchen chairs!
In addition to the reality that technology is on the rise, life has actually changed significantly and so have people and their requirements. Modern homes have actually also gone with lots of modifications to give you the ideal contemporary cooking area. The trend today has actually seen kitchens transform from just a store to cook food to a place of bonding with your loved ones. This modifies the means functions are performed in the kitchen area and calls for additional functions to suit the various needs which you might have. Right here are simply a few of the vital aspects of contemporary kitchen areas.
Modern kitchens today are really efficient and make life simpler for all the various users. Modern cooking areas are likewise really purposeful about every detailed detail of the strategy and design of the room. The kind of lighting discovered in modern-day kitchens keeps all the corners of the space well lit.
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When Missoula, Mont.-based bus service, Mountain Line wanted to improve its ridership numbers and efficiency, it removed the biggest barrier to entry for riding a bus — its fare. As of January of this year, the transit system implemented a zero-fare program for all of its services, including standard, evening, paratransit, senior van and high-frequency.
The move is a three-year demonstration project, funded in part by 14 community partners that Mountain Line hopes will grow ridership by 45% over the life of the project. If it proves successful, the agency will increase the number of community partners to as many as 20 and continue the fare-free system past the slated initial three-year mark.
Mountain Line is a small urban transit system operating in a large rural service area. Missoula is the second-largest city in Montana with a population hovering around 70,000. Its university and resort town mix happens to comprise the two main demographics that generally attract zero-fare systems, said Bill Pfeiffer, community outreach coordinator for Mountain Line.
Related: Is the future of transit free?
"Our ridership was pretty decent before zero-fare was implemented," said Pfeiffer. "[It] was growing, just not very quickly."
Through Fiscal Year 2013, Mountain Line's ridership amounted to just under 900,000, Pfeiffer said. In 2014, when Bolt, a high-frequency service for its busiest bus route was added, ridership grew by about 14,000.
"Barriers don't have to be very large to discourage ridership, whether it's frequency-of-service, amenities, or rider cost, a barrier, even if its small, is still a barrier for some people," said Pfeiffer.
When Mountain Line launched the zero-fare program, ridership for the month of January nearly reached 100,000. And, as of September, every month, except January and August, has seen ridership numbers clearing 100,000 riders.
Those record months have led to a 37% growth in ridership since the transition to a zero-fare system.
Nine months into the demonstration project, not only has Mountain Line nearly reached its initial goal of 45% more riders, but it's nearly matched the level of growth that the City of Corvallis, Ore., saw during its first year of fareless service for its transit system.
It is Corvallis' success that inspired Mountain Line to try their hand at a zero-fare system, Pfeiffer said.
The transit service in Corvallis has been fare-free since 2011. The idea of offering free bus fares originated from discussions by a local sustainability coalition on how to make the community more sustainable, explained Tim Bates, transit coordinator of the City of Corvallis.
In its first year of its program, the City saw a 39% boost in ridership, said Bates. Since then, public transit ridership has stayed consistently around 1.1 million every year.
So far, Mountain Line has experienced similar success. It recently surpassed one million riders for the first time in a fiscal year.
Like many transit systems, fares did not make up the majority of Mountain Line's total funding, only amounting to about $430,000 a year — most of it coming from local, state and federal funds.
SEPTA fare collection system gets 'smart,' retires tokens
To gather the funds necessary to transition to a fareless system, Mountain Line reached out to 14 community organizations, many of which it had already worked with before. "That's basically the goal we set with our community partners, to raise that amount in order to cover the cost of fares," Pfeiffer said.
The biggest contributor is the City of Missoula, accounting for nearly 25% of the $430,000. The rest is covered by the other community partners. Residents of Missoula expressed certain concerns and trepidation over making buses fare-free. They worried the city's buses would be perpetually full of homeless, that overcrowding would become a problem or that crime rates on the bus would go up.
So far, Pfeiffer said that those issues haven't really been a problem. Crime has stayed at pretty much the same level as when it accepted fares, and while there has been an increase in homeless riders, it's been outpaced by the total amount of choice riders that are now riding the bus. Community feedback has become mainly positive after the switch, Pfeiffer said.
In addition to ridership growth, other benefits resulting from the program was an improvement in on-time performance since riders don't need to spend time at the fare box anymore. Going fare-free also did away with any costs associated with money collection.
The order includes four ABB 150 kWh depot chargers purchased from New Flyer Infrastructure Solutions.™
Different from biodiesel, the fuel is refined from a mix of more than 10 different wastes and residues and various vegetable oils.
Calif.'s Royal Coach celebrates its 60th anniversary with a new J4500, while Proterra lands first N.M. electric bus contract.
In Fiscal Year 2019, FTA has made available more than $12 billion in funding.
New offerings will be built on Ford Transit and F550 chassis.
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