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It used to be independent advisors can only recommend shareholders to accept or reject a deal. Accept if its fair and reasonable, reject if its not. But somehow, in recent times there is a new category of qualification for them: fair but not reasonable. To me thats a bloody cop out. A shirking of duties from all sides.
Its like all MBA graduate employees insisting that we must do a market survey before launching a product. In reality, its not so much to gain more data on potential market - in the end its more to cover their ass ... if the product failed, they can say, "But, we did the survey before launching ....".
The "fair but not reasonable" is a bogus fortune teller kind of opinion ... "Mr. so and so, you will be rich soon, if not you might be poor ... RM500 thank you".
Can we go back to reject or accept ... pay a few hundred thousand just to get a "Yes, but maybe not ..." view sounds like such a waste of resources. If a deal gets that opinion, and say the deal goes through, the company gets privatised ... and 6 months later the same asset get relisted somewhere else at a 40% premium to takeover price .... end result is NOBODY gets into trouble, not the SC, not the independent advisors, .... oh but minority shareholders get shafted.
Just look at the last four or five opinions from independent advisors, most have taken the safe, insured route of "fair but not reasonable" ... what you are going to get from now ON is a lot of the same fucked up "yes but no" opinions. Apa value add? What can minority shareholders do? Basically you are telling MI, well, you can sell at this shafted price valuation but don't sue me.
I am in no way implying the offer for MISC is not reasonable or that the opinion is wrong by the independent advisor. I am arguing that the opinion would be worth so much more SALT if they can only tell us to ACCEPT or REJECT. In the MISC case, what do you think they will opine if they have only 2 options and not 3???!!!
I mean seriously, the offer for MISC is 1.1x book ... lets assume for a moment that book value is RM2bn .... hmmm why don't I fucking give Petronas RM2.2bn and they go and build another MISC from scratch??!! Can you see how ridiculous it is now ... you can cite downturns in sector but you try and build another MISC now and see how much it will cost you, not to mention the human talent, branding, goodwill attached with foreign clients, the network ...
"Absence of competing bid" ... OMG... its like advising your girlfriend to accept the marriage proposal because there seems to be no other guys wanting to propose to you.... cbmf...
Can we switch back to just reject or accept ... the current system is seemingly not fair and not that reasonable to minority shareholders.
Meanwhile back at the EPF/MISC stable ...
The Employees Provident Fund (EPF) is probing the reason for the sales of
1.494m MISC shares, weeks after its CEO Tan Sri Azlan Zainol said Petronas
should raise its buy-out price for the national shipping company. "The selling of the MISC shares were done by one of our external portfolio managers and was not from our internally-managed portfolio," EPF public relations general
manager Nik Affendi Jaafar said in a statement. As such, he said the EPF is
following up with the fund manager concerned to ascertain the reason for the
shares were sold, adding a total of 3.99mn shares were sold between March
MISC's stock price, which had fallen below the RM5.30 buyout price rebounded
yesterday to end the day at RM5.34. The concern though is that without a higher price, the deal could fall through considering the views expressed by the EPF which owns a 9.6% stake in MISC. EPF's chief executive Tan Sri Azlan Zainol has spoken out asking for a higher price than the RM5.30 per share offered which is at 1.1x MISC's book value. MISC's other big minority shareholder is Skim Amanah Saham Bumiputra with a 6.35% stake. Since the offer is conditional upon getting this 90% acceptance, the offer will lapse if Petronas does not get that level of acceptance.
The Minority Shareholder Watchdog Group has come out to say that the RM5.30 offer price by Petronas is "not compelling enough". Its chief executive, Rita Benoy Bushon said that "Petronas might do well to consider putting a larger carrot on the stick if its intention is to fully take MISC private."
Petronas' offer price to privatise MISC is "not fair but reasonable", said the
independent adviser to the RM8.8bn deal. The offer allows shareholders to
realise their investment at a premium of between 19.6% and 27.1% over MISC's five-day to three-month volume weighted average market price. Petronas owns 62.7% of MISC's total and paid-up share capital. (BT)
With the independent adviser on Petroliam Nasional Bhd's planned buyout
of MISC Bhd recommending that shareholders accept the offer, all eyes are on
the Employees Provident Fund (EPF). The provident fund has already said it
viewed the offer as being too low. And it has all the right to do so. Its decision to speak out sends the right message to millions of its members. Last Friday, AmInvestment Bank Bhd, the independent adviser to the minority shareholders of MISC, said while the offer was not fair, it was reasonable.
AmInvestment said the offer was unfair as it was priced at a significant
discount to MISC's sum-of-parts valuation (SOPV) but considered it reasonable due to a weak shipping outlook that may persist and the absence of a competing bid. So, it recommends that minorities accept Petronas' offer.
In EPF's case, this is very pertinent, because it holds the key in the MISC
buyout being the second largest shareholder and the largest
non-interested shareholder with a 9.63% block worth about RM2.44bn.
In a recent interview with Bloomberg, EPF chief executive Datuk Azlan
Zainol said the pension fund wants a higher price and that Petronas
should increase its RM5.30 per share offer. (StarBiz)


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Elizabeth Hainen, Harp
Patricia and John Imbesi Chair
Elizabeth Hainen
has earned an international reputation as one of classical music's great harp ambassadors. Hailed by the
Washington Post
for her "unusual presence with silky transparency" and by the
New York Times
for her "earthy solidarity," she has thrilled audiences throughout the world with programs showcasing the diversity—and virtuosity—of her modern-day instrument. As principal harp with The Philadelphia Orchestra for over 19 years, she has presented numerous featured performances to captivated audiences and has been praised by the
Philadelphia Inquirer
for "her ability to blend and color the musical line," and "to find transparency in an almost timeless atmosphere." In high demand as a guest artist, Ms. Hainen has collaborated with such eminent conductors as Charles Dutoit, Rafael Frühbeck de Burgos, Michael Tilson Thomas, and Wolfgang Sawallisch. In addition to The Philadelphia Orchestra, she has appeared as a featured soloist with the City of London Sinfonia, the Iris Orchestra, the Kennedy Center Orchestra, the Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional de Colombia, the Bulgaria National Radio Orchestra, the Camerata Ducale in Italy, the Chicago Civic Orchestra, the Mexico State Symphony, the Vienna Boys Choir, and in numerous recitals at Carnegie Hall. "She is a complete harpist who knows and uses her instrument's strength and brilliance and strikes its fire," says the
Miami Herald's
James Roos. "You miss nothing she wants you to hear."
As a contemporary and chamber music enthusiast, Ms. Hainen has launched major commissioning projects, including works by Pulitzer Prize-winners Bernard Rands and Melinda Wagner, the latter being a world premiere of
Pan Journal
with the Juilliard String Quartet for the Philadelphia Chamber Music Society. In 2013 Ms. Hainen gives the United States premiere of a new concerto commissioned for her by The Philadelphia Orchestra, written for her by acclaimed Beijing Olympics composer Tan Dun. She has performed at the festivals of Cartagena, Grand Tetons, Kingston, Marlboro, Sächsisch Böhmisches, and at the World Harp Congress, and she has appeared on concert series by Lyon & Healy, the Korean Embassy in Costa Rica, the French Embassy in Washington D.C., the Cleveland Museum of Art, and the Saratoga Chamber Music Festival, among others. "The guest appearance by Elizabeth Hainen could certainly be counted among the high points of this year," said the
Saxon Times
of her appearance at the Saxon-Bohemia Music Festival in Meissen, Germany.
Ms. Hainen's fourth solo recording,
Les Amis,
original works by Debussy and Caplet, will be released in 2013 on the Avie label. Her discography includes the lushly romantic
Music for Solo Harp
on the Naxos label and a recording series for Lyon & Healy harps on the Egan label. "Elizabeth Hainen is a wonderful embodiment of the 'new' Philadelphia Sound and a perfect example of how the best musicians can make their instruments become a symphony orchestra, even on their own," said
The Harp Column
Music for Solo Harp
. Her recently released
Harp Concertos
on the Avie label with Rossen Milanov and the Bulgarian National Orchestra was given a four-star review by the
(London): "The tonal range of Hainen's playing, coupled with her technical finesse and sense of style, bring allure to the entire disc."
A highly sought-after harp pedagogue, Ms. Hainen serves on the faculties of the world-renowned Curtis Institute of Music and Temple University, and she has been invited to adjudicate major international harp competitions in the United States and Europe. In 2004 she founded the Saratoga Harp Colony, in Saratoga, New York, which welcomes approximately 20 of the most promising young harpists for two weeks of intensive study each summer. Through her nonprofit foundation, the Lyra Society, she has provided educational outreach to hundreds of school children in urban Philadelphia and the surrounding area.
Born in Toledo, Ohio, Ms. Hainen began the harp at age 10. Her extraordinary progress took her to her mentor and teacher, Susann McDonald, at Indiana University School of Music, where she was awarded a "Performance Certificate" and two degrees in performance. Ms. Hainen has been the recipient of numerous awards, including winner of the American String Teachers Association and the Chicago Symphony Civic Orchestra competitions, and Silver Medalist at the First USA International Harp Competition.
Photo: Amanda Stevenson Lupke
This biography was most recently edited by...
1 Oct 2013
6 Aug 2013
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
As more women join the global workforce, new female-specific services have started to spring up, from cab services to female-only hotel floors.
As more women join the
global workforce, new services geared specifically towards female business
travellers are popping up, from cab services to female-only hotel floors.
According to a January 2012 study by Amadeus, a global travel technology group, the number of female business travellers across the Asia-Pacific region is expected to rise sharply over the next two decades, as corporations become more equal in their management structures.
The survey of more than 1,500 business and leisure travellers estimates that in 2011, roughly 4.5 million international business trips were made by women from Singapore, South Korea, Japan, India, China, Indonesia and Australia. By 2030, that number is expected to increase 400%, driven primarily by growth in the number of Chinese and Indian women climbing the corporate ladder.
Philip Ho is general manager of Asia Fast Track, a company that provides female-only meet, greet and chauffer services at airports from Macau to Manila. "We've seen a steady increase in enquiries from female executives flying around and into the region as they become more aware that these services are possible," he said.
But it's not just in Asia. Land in Dubai or Abu Dhabi and women can now hail a pink-roofed taxi at the airport or shopping mall to ensure there is a female driver behind the wheel. These cabs are for women and families only.
"In corporate travel, female executives are often interested in two specific areas: safety and connectivity," said Sonja Hamman, from London-based Wings Travel Management, which specialises in corporate travel. "Women want to know whether a hotel has security staff 24/7 and whether each floor requires card access so that people from the bar or off the street can't come up to their floor. These are features that will bring a level of comfort to a female traveller."
Around the world, women-friendly hotel rooms have sprung up as a response. Since late 2011, the Dukes Hotel near London's Piccadilly has been offering rooms with "feminine touches", such as glossy lifestyle magazines and a make-up mirror. On arrival you'll be met by female staff members who will show you to your room. And in 2012, the Four Seasons Hotel in Houston, Texas, launched its "Gal on the Go" programme; when a female guest checks in on business, the front desk will direct her to its women-only floor, whose rooms are equipped with extra amenities including yoga mats, jewellery boxes and a make-up kit.
There's even a traveller network dedicated to connecting and informing female business travellers. Maiden Voyage, which currently has around 2,000 members worldwide, aims to bring together female road warriors who might want to meet for dinner or a drink if they're travelling on their own. The website features female friendly hotels and offers tips on things to watch out for, from drink spiking in bars to double locking hotel room doors.


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About 6 months before I went on my big trip through Asia, I decided it was time to get serious about getting into shape, and ended up losing 19 pounds while adding a bunch of muscle. The best part? It was easy!
Which diet did you follow?
I don't have a "diet" – instead i focus on basic principles and stick to them as often as i can. That makes it sustainable. There are problems with every "diet" out there – Atkins, South Beach, etc. Note that I'm not a nutritionist – I've read a bunch from RD's and decided on a strategy, which has been phenomenally successful for me.
Was it difficult?
I've also stopped trying to change my lifestyle – I still go out drinking socially 4x per week (note – not recommended…) – that's not changing. And I'm lazy when it comes to cooking – that's unlikely to change (I cook, but very simple meals with minimal planning). Those were my "givens" – I was willing to experiment with changing everything else. Then i started reading up on ideas.
What did you cut out?
I generally don't eliminate behaviors, I determine "best practices" and follow as often as i can. Nutrition is about choices. Eat this, not that. I'd make a small change, and it was fine, so i made another. Step by step. The key for me is knowing what's the better decision at every meal choice, and then choosing it as often as I can. Some weren't a compromise at all, while others involved trying a variation and seeing if I good get into having it.
7.5 Nutrition Principles to follow:
- – Eat protein with every meal, including breakfast. This helps you stay full longer.
- – If possible, have veggies and beans every meal too.
- – Eat often, don't skip meals (including breakfast).
- – Portion control: I used to overeat too often. Moderation is key.
- – Drink lots of water. Reduce non-water drinking
- – Improve quality of snacks.
- – Eat fresher, less processed foods, less foods that come in a box
If you do one thing to improve your nutrition, make it that first principle:
>>> Eat protein, veggies, and beans, in every meal, if possible. This is ideal. I researched what would be ideal, and while I don't follow it at all times, at least i know what I'm striving for. This is what a "balanced" meal means to me – note that it's drastically different from the old food pyramid or even the new USDA plate.
Details in other notes below:
>> Eat Proteinwith every meal.
- Why? It helps build muscle but just as importantly, protein digests slowly, which keeps you full longer.
- Which is best? – grilled chicken is a wonder food – lean (low-fat) and incredible amounts of protein (26g per serving!). I eat it often. Learn to explore different marinades and sauces to keep it interesting.
- 1st Runner up are most fish options – the fat is typically the "good fat" and loaded with nutrients you want. Red meat offers lots of protein but fails in other areas so it should be more of a change of pace.
- Portion – should be about a fistful of a meat or fish. Don't count calories – learn once and you never have to count again.
>> Eat vegetables with every meal.
- Why? Nutrients from them are good for you,
- Veggies – most are good for different reasons.
- Hint: some canned peas actually have 4g/protein per serving. Who knew! This is an excellent and easy addition to breakfast.
>> Eat Beans – with every meal you make at home.
- Why? They're good for you and fill you up, meaning you'll consume less if you just eat more beans. Skip them and you're hungry too often.
- Hint – Draining them will also eliminate flatulence, the primary reason people avoid beans. I have digestion challenges so I never used to buy them – but I bought organic and drained them and now it's fine. I still don't order them out but if you don't have specific digestion issues, add them in your Chipotle burritos!
- Which kinds? Most are good – black, pinto, red, et al (except baked).
> Shopping/laziness – don't assume that you'll become a dedicated gourmet chef just because you decided to get serious about your nutrition. Fresh vegetables are considerably better, but canned veggies and canned beans are an adequate substitute. They're quick, portioned, and stores well so you don't have to plan. Done and done!
>> Drink water – lots of it. Keep a glass of water at arms-length with you at all times; you'll be surprised how much more you drink. After a while you'll subconsciously just grab the glass of water and drink. This fills you up and is good for tons of reasons.
>> Reduce non-water drinking, particularly soda. Even diet soda. It's wasted calories and ruins your metabolism. There are lots of other reasons non-water are bad. Artificial sweeteners trigger appetite in some, which doesn't help you. I wasn't a soda drinker but was drinking orange juice because I thought the vitamin C was so good for me – then I noticed the 22g of sugar! Now it's a change of pace. "Fruit" drinks aren't helpful – typically high sugar or high sugar substitutes (often worse) and doesn't add benefits. Dairy can add some protein and is ok overall, but isn't helpful in other areas. Lots of water. Learn to love it.
Portion control – don't overeat. Eat slowly, and stop when you feel full (instead of eating until your stomach feels like it's going burst), This is against my tendency so i had to train myself. The immediate result is that you'll want to eat more often (see below), which is counter-intuitive but is actually ideal. For snacks, take a portion and put the rest away. Instead of eating to try to fill yourself up for the day, just eat more often…
Turn your body into a fat-burning furnace!
eat small meals often, including protein and beans and veggies
Eat often. The more often you eat, the faster your metabolism will be. Eat often and your body knows it doesn't need to store anything as fat. Eat often and your body turns into a fat-burning furnace. Don't skip meals. When you skip a meal, your body stores more fat the next time you finally eat. This includes breakfast…
Eat breakfast within 30 minutes of waking up, hopefully with some protein as well as a small amount of veggies and beans.
- I like to grab a piece of fruit when I first wake up to "break the fast" and jumpstart my metabolism. Eating an apple will also contribute to waking you up.
- Then I make egg whites (usually 1 egg, 2 egg whites for me) with a few spoonfuls of veggies and beans (often leftovers from the night before). It doesn't seem natural with breakfast but it goes a long way to keeping you full throughout the morning.
- Oatmeal and cold cereal can be ok but not ideal – they'll fill you but don't include significant protein, and often I'm hungry shortly after. It's considerably better than nothing, since they're not bad, but they don't add nutrients, and they don't fill you up. If you go this direction, aim for low sugar cereals and get some whole grain.
- Baby steps. I used to make or order 3 eggs on a roll with cheese. Then went to 2 egg whites and an egg with cheese on a roll, and so on, until I got comfortable. You still have to like it! I still wander from this best practice but I know what I should be aiming for at all times. It's very similar to how a lot of families weaned themselves off of whole milk by going to 2%, and then later become a family that buys 1% milk. This was our pattern growing up, and now when I buy milk I'm getting skim milk.
- Foods that mostly help – fish, grilled chicken, vegetables
- Foods that fill you up but don't add significant nutritional value. These are usually things that are ok in moderation but don't really add much value. Fruits offer some nutrients.
- Foods that mostly hurt – most processed, frozen, packaged, foods are here. Fatty foods are here. Most breads. Really most things people eat are here.
- Ideal – have filling meals with protein, veggies, and beans, so you're not hungry.
- 2nd best – have another meal that fits the above criteria – easiest when you have leftovers.
- 3rd best – try to improve what you eat between meals so you're never hungry. Choose foods that help but in moderation.
- I tend to be a big fan of almonds, which are great as long as you don't over eat at once.
- I like yogurt; it's mostly good but not as effective.
- I like bananas as a filling option, and add cinnamon (surprisingly good and has lots of bene's). Other fruits work well here (yes, high in sugar, but natural sugar).
- I hard boil some eggs so i always have protein that i can grab and go.
- Thumbs down – all chips, even if it says "baked,"multi-grain" or "low fat" on the bag, but you knew that. In addition to the obvious, thumbs down on packaged breakfast bars, protein bars, fruit roll-ups, rice cakes (no nutritional value!), et al. I'm not suggesting you never eat them, but just realize these aren't your best choice. For some people, chips are a staple with lunch. If you can learn have a healthier alternative sometimes, it'll be better for you, and eventually your body might not crave it as much.
- Avoid white bread, pasta, potatoes, and actually just about any food that's white, or that could be white (egg whites and cauliflower are good, thumbs down on the rest).
- When buying bread – choose 100% whole wheat. If it doesn't say "100%" it's not any better than white bread. It's still not on the "plus" list for foods.
- There's obviously a long list. Importantly – I don't eliminate, I just make a conscious effort to have these less often. I still have sandwiches at lunch, but realize that the bread isn't helping. If I could replace the bread with veggies/beans, my meal would be much better.
"Good fat" is ok – in moderation, at the right times. Yah for avocado! Also, I'm still learning about this, but it seems like at the beginning of your day, and the beginning of a meal, eating "good fat" could be helpful (great news for fatty appetizers!). I'm still learning about this part because it's about glycemic response and don't have the details down yet.
Eat slower. I'm still terrible at this and keep reverting back to my typical tendencies, but this would be ideal.
It's about choices – identify what can be improved, find alternatives to the most detrimental choices you currently make, one by one.
Sandwiches – Ideally I wouldn't have any sandwiches, but they're practical for me. On sandwiches: realize that
- the average honey mustard is considerably better than mayonnaise, even light mayo, and often has a fraction of the fat and calories. This is true most of the time – you need to look.
- At deli's, honey mustard is a better blind bet if you're going the sandwich route.
- Turkey is easily the leanest deli meat you can choose.
- Grilled Chicken is easily the best choice at a deli counter.
Sustainability – make one change today, and see if you can live with the adjustment. The idea is to make little changes gradually that you can stick with as part of your new lifestyle. Losing weight for a month isn't helpful – making a body composition transformation that will last is the goal.
Every little bit counts – get out of the "all or nothing" mentality, and get into the "every little bit counts" mentality. This goes for both nutrition and fitness. Every tiny food choice matters. Every time you walk cross-town instead of a subway helps. Every time you choose a farther parking space to walk further actually helps. It all counts.
Take the challenge – some of my friends were skeptical that this could have made a big difference. I think these are the key changes I've made, and haven't even done them all the time. Does it work? Try following all 7.5 principles for 6 weeks – let me know if you see results. Most importantly, a year later, I've kept in the same range. I think you'll notice the impact, and your friends will too.
Fitness -I believe most of my impact was from nutrition, but fitness is of course an important component. If you don't change your diet, you're not going to see any of your fitness results. You'll have more muscle, but it'll be buried. For example – if you work on your abs every day, and have a gut, nobody's going to notice. You can't spot reduce fat. You can't choose where you lose it.
Getting there: For me it was baby steps, and the most important thing was finding parts of the gym that i liked and was comfortable with. Getting there (often) is most of the battle.
MED: Boiling = Boiling. I'm a big believer in MED – minimum effective dosage. Boiling is boiling – if water boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit, then 300-degrees isn't going to boil it faster, it'll just evaporate your water. I think it's the same thing with training. As soon as I've exhausted a muscle group I move on. A lot of people make this mistake.


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Would like to know how to eat when in the hospital. I told them I was vegetarian, but their food wasn't what I would call healthful, and also a sick person doesn't feel like eating just anything.
- dako asked 2 years ago
I had oats, cinnamon and raisins with boiled water for breakfast and plain jacket potato and salad for other meals. My family were great at bringing a variety of salads, home made soups, oil free houmous and fruit.
- rose answered 2 years ago
If possible have someone bring you food .Also bring oats , plenty of boiling water in the hospital.
- flora answered 2 years ago
Talk to a dietician and tell them exactly what you want to eat. Do not take their thought of what you should eat
- jenna answered 2 years ago
Your Answer


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Have you published a novel or a collection of your own short stories?
Written a play, film or TV series?
Or do you own a blog where you publish your own flash/microfiction?
If the answer to any of the above is 'yes', I want to hear from you!
I'm looking for authors (especially, but not limited to, new and/or indie authors) whose work I can feature here on Penstricken over the coming year. It will simply take the form of a few quick questions yourself and your work via private message or e-mail and, of course, a link to where we can all get a copy of your work.
I'm open to interviewing authors of almost any kind of story, provided your work is complete, original and of course, fictional. I will not consider individual short stories/micro-fictions, however I am happy to feature published anthologies or entire blog-sites of fiction, provided you are the author.
If you're interested, or want to know more, be to sure to drop us an e-mail or message us on Facebook/Twitter.


text:
As of 2019, women in Saudi Arabia must be informed via text message if their husbands have filed for divorce. more...
December 11 , 1946 : UNICEF was established. more...
Learn something new every day
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To become a landscape photographer, you should have a natural eye for scenery, an aptitude for photography and training in the field, and a passion for the craft, which can lead you to jobs as either a freelancer or full-time landscape photographer. Landscape photographers can work in a variety of industries, from media and publishing to education and the arts. Those working in this discipline of photography traditionally start out taking landscape photographs as a hobby or side job, and, through persistence and determination, land bigger and bigger gigs in the field.
The foundation to become a landscape photographer lies in your ability to identify scenes of natural beauty. This talent might be innate, but for many individuals, it is a learned process of awareness and recognition. Something as simple as pulling the car over to the side of the road to get a snapshot of the setting sun can do wonders toward opening your eyes to the beauty of the natural world. This awareness lays the groundwork for a future in landscape photography.
When looking to become a landscape photographer, you should consider your current knowledge of photography. All types of photography possess their own unique rules regarding light, color, distance, perspective, and composition; light is especially important in capturing memorable landscape photographs. Determine your comfort level with these aspects of the art. For some, the gift for taking unforgettable pictures is inborn, a natural talent to be further explored. In others, the desire is there but will require solid training in order for one to become a landscape photographer.
All photographers, regardless of talent, can benefit from a formal education in the craft. Most colleges and universities will offer concentrations in photography with an art degree. Specialized art schools and trade schools offer degrees, diplomas, or certificates in photography. You should research all your options thoroughly, and find the one that best suits your abilities, you career goals, and your budget.
Fortitude is a necessary ingredient to making it as a landscape photographer. Many starting out in the field take landscape photos as a hobby or as a source of supplemental income. This is an ideal way to begin your career as you can build up both your portfolio and your resume. As you gain more and more experience and have more and more pieces of work accepted for publication or sale, employers will be more apt to hire you for jobs. Ultimately, you may decide to work as an employee of a company, start your own business, or work as a freelance landscape photographer.
One of our editors will review your suggestion and make changes if warranted. Note that depending on the number of suggestions we receive, this can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days. Thank you for helping to improve wiseGEEK!


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Sakanoue no Tamuramaro
Sakanoue no Tamuramaro (坂上 田村麻呂, 758 – June 17, 811) was a general and shōgun of the early Heian period of Japan. He was the son of Sakanoue no Karitamaro.[1]
Military career[edit]
Serving Emperor Kanmu, Tamuramaro was appointed shōgun and given the task of conquering the Emishi (蝦夷征伐 Emishi Seibatsu), a people native to the north of Honshū, which he subjugated. Recent evidence suggests that a migration of Emishi from northern Honshū to Hokkaidō took place sometime between the seventh and eighth centuries, perhaps as a direct result of this policy that pre-dated Tamuramaro's appointment. However, many Emishi remained in the Tōhoku region as subjects of the expanding Japanese Empire and later established independent Fushu domains. After Emperor Kanmu's death, the general continued to serve Emperor Heizei and Emperor Saga as Major Counselor (大納言 dainagon) and Minister of War (兵部卿 Hyōbu-kyō).[2] He was the second man to be given the title of shōgun; the first to receive this title was Ōtomo no Otomaro.
It is said that the famous Tanabata festivals and parades of Aomori Prefecture (also celebrated in the city of Sendai in Miyagi prefecture), which draw over 3 million people to the prefecture a year, were popularised in remembrance of Sakanoue no Tamuramaro's campaign to subdue the tribal societies then living in Tōhoku; these annual matsuri are called the Nebuta festival in Aomori City and Neputa Festival (ねぷた祭り) in Hirosaki City. They feature a number of gigantic, specially-constructed, illuminated paper floats; these huge festival structures are colourfully painted with mythical figures, and teams of men carry them through the streets as crowds shout encouragement. Aomori's great nebuta lanterns are said to hark back to Tamuramaro's innovative strategy in that early ninth century campaign. According to legend, the taishogun is remembered for having ordered huge illuminated lanterns to be placed at the top of hills; and when the curious Emishi approached these bright lights to investigate, they were captured and subdued;[3] until the mid-1990s the prize awarded for the best float of the parades was called the Tamuramaro Prize. However, there is no historical record that Tamuramaro went farther north than Iwate Prefecture.
Tamuramaro's name is linked with payments for construction projects at Kiyomizu Temple (Kiyomizu-dera) in the late 8th century.[4]
- 811 (Kōnin 2, 3rd month): Tamuramaro died at age 54, to the great regret of Emperor Saga, who expressed his sense of loss by distributing large quantities of silk cloth, cotton cloth and rice in honour of his dead counsellor. His bow, arrows, quiver and sword were placed in his coffin by order of the Emperor.[5]
Tamuramaro is reputedly buried at Shōgun-zuka, and his spirit is said to be guarding Kyoto still; but even if part of that tale is only myth, the recorded final resting place of the old warrior was near the village of Kurusu (Kurusu-mura 栗栖村) in Yamashiro's Uji district.[5]
According to the Shoku Nihongi, an official historical record, the Sakanoue clan is descended from Emperor Ling of Han China;[6][7] the Sakanoue clan's family tree shows that Tamuramaro is a 14th-generation descendant of Ling.[8] Other research traces the origins of the Sakanoue clan from the Asian mainland, possibly through Baekje [9].
See also[edit]
- ^ Iwao, Seiichi. (2002). Dictionnaire historique du Japon, p. 2329.
- ^ Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, p. 272.
- ^ Boroff, Nicholas. National Geographic Traveler Japan, p. 156.
- ^ Kyoto University of Foreign Studies: Japan 101
- ^ a b Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 99.
- ^ Shoku Nihongi 延暦四年六月の条:右衛士督従三位兼下総守坂上大忌寸苅田麿ら表を上りて言さく、「臣らは、本是れ後漢霊帝の曾孫阿智王の後なり。漢の祚、魏に遷れるとき、阿智王、神牛の教に因りて、出でて帯方に行きて忽ち宝帯の瑞を得たり。
- ^ "Sakanoue no Karitamaro Drawing His Bow". Los Angeles County Museum of Art. Retrieved April 2, 2011.
- ^ 塙 保己一 [Hanawa hokii] 続群書類従 [Zoku Gunsho Ruiju Series] 従十八巻坂上系図 [Volume 18 Sakagami Clan's family tree]
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-07-29. Retrieved 2011-04-04. Cite uses deprecated parameter
|deadurl=(help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- Bornoff, Nicholas. (2005). National Geographic Traveler Japan. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society. ISBN 0-7922-3894-X
- Iwao, Seiichi. (2002). Dictionnaire historique du Japon (with Teizō Iyanaga, Susumu Ishii, Shōichirō Yoshida et al.). Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. ISBN 978-2-7068-1632-1; OCLC 51096469
- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō (1652)], Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.
- Varley, H. Paul, ed. (1980). [ Kitabatake Chikafusa (1359)], Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley). New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-04940-4
- Kameda Takashi 亀田隆之 (1967). Sakanoue no Tamuramaro. Tokyo: Jinbutsu Oraisha 人物往来社.
External links[edit]
Media related to Sakanoue no Tamuramaro at Wikimedia Commons
- Shōgun-zuka – Tamuramaro's reputed grave site overlooking Kyoto is at coordinates 35°00′01″N 135°47′16″E / 35.000261°N 135.787655°E


text: Here's my worklog for my Logitech G25 cockpit build-up. I wanted to teach myself welding and this is the project i chose to practice on. I love playing rFactor with the G25 just on my desk, so i recon a cockpit will be awesome. Here's what it should look like in the end: Click to view full size! doing some basic measurements. you can see the chair ive sourced is a leather jobbie - nice and robust. Its from a Hyundai Coupe of all cars! Bargain for $80. Click to view full size! 13m of 25mm SHS steel. Wont use all of it, but it came in 6.5m lengths, so i just got 2 lengths. Click to view full size! $20 angle grinder on a $20 stand...cheap, but does the job. Click to view full size! The base laid out prior to welding. Click to view full size! The base with some spot welds tipped on its side for some stronger welds in the crevices. Click to view full size! more to come over the next few days.


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- Easy 1 mile
Nothing fancy. Just keeping the streak going. 🙂 Yeah, for some reason Winchester really wanted a taste of my coffee on Monday.
- 4 Miles
- 30 minutes of blogilates ab videos
Note to self; Don't listen to a Rancid album on a run that's supposed to be easy. Seriously. I had planned on doing 30 easy minutes, but the first two miles ended up becoming a fartlek, then I had to stop at home real fast to put on a second pair of pants because the wind was going right through my fleece tights and freezing my lady parts, then I did two more super easy miles. So yeah, it was a weird time, but lots of fun. 🙂
- Easy 5k
- A few minutes of foam rolling in the evening
I'm loving the weather right now! Now we just need some snow. ❄⛄😄
- Easy 1 mile
So, I finished off the last .3 miles of this run without any shoes, and it was amazing! I talk more about that here.
- Easy 2 miles
- 15 minutes of stretching/foam rolling
Taking today's photo made me realize how ridiculous tight my hamstrings are. So I made a point to stretch and foam roll. My legs were super happy after that. Oh and I ditched my shoes for the last .3 miles of this run. Fun! 😄
- 4 miles
First snowy run of the season! Yay!! If I would have waited a little longer, there would have been more snow on the ground. Oh well, it was still fun. 😄
- Easy 1 mile
🎶Oh the weather outside is frightful, but a run would be so delightful, since it's Ashley's favorite weather for running, let's it snow let it snow let it snow🎶
lol I don't think my version of this song is going to get very popular. 😂 It seems to me like I'm one of the few people in the world who actually enjoys the cold. ❄⛄🏃🏻♀ Anyway, we aren't supposed to get anymore snow in the near future, which sucks, but the cold is supposed to stick around! Today during my run it felt like -9! Fun!! Just did an easy mile to keep #rwrunstreak though, I kinda felt like any more may be pushing it a little.
Total Weekly Mileage: 16.15
Slowly working my way back up to 20! Once I get back there I'm going to hold on there for a few weeks, then start making my way up to 25-30 miles a week. Ah, having a plan for things like this makes me feel awesome haha!


text:
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'If you do what you always did, you will get what you always got'.
Albert Einstein
We are mad about marketing - it's our thing.
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We provide a range of digital marketing solutions including:
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text:
Braille Monitor May 2006
The New GED Tests
by Doris M. Willoughby
From the Editor:
Doris Willoughby is a distinguished blindness educator, who lives in the Denver
area and teaches at the Colorado Center for the Blind. The following article
brings together valuable information for anyone interested in helping blind
people earn this important credential. She hopes other educators in this field
will contact her. This is what she says:
From time to time I plan to write an article about the GED (General Educational Development, or high school equivalency) Tests or Adult Basic Education. This article will describe materials and methods that we have been using at the Colorado Center for the Blind (CCB). The November 2002 Braille Monitor showed two of our graduates, and we frequently have students working toward the GED. I hope to contact other teachers and students with experience preparing for the GED.
The Test Itself
The GED test is available and recognized throughout the United States. It is actually a battery of five tests: Language Arts, Writing (partly multiple-choice, partly essay); Reading; Social Studies; Science; and Mathematics.
The GED Testing Service,
which is part of the American Council on Education, provides the test and its
rules. The individual states vary somewhat in details of how the test is administered.
In Colorado, for example, community colleges and other adult-education centers
give the test, but they are strictly regulated by the Colorado Department of
Education. If you do not know where to find a test site, inquire of your state
department of education.
Typical accommodations related to blindness include: Braille edition, audiocassette edition, large-print edition, talking calculator, scribe, private room, and extended time. On the old GED test (before 2002), the use of a live reader was expressly prohibited. We in the NFB made an effort to change this, but did not succeed. The manual for the new (2000) test, however, states that the use of a reader may be approved on a case-by-case basis.
One of my students did apply for use of a reader. We wrote a rather detailed "justification," and the request was approved. Unfortunately, however, that student ultimately did not proceed with the actual test.
I would like to know whether anyone else has successfully requested the use of a live reader, received permission, and proceeded with the test. A scribe, a live person to record answers, is typically approved without question.
As one might expect, misunderstandings and errors sometimes occur in arranging accommodations. A notable problem is that, since one-and-one-half the standard amount of time is typical for people with learning disabilities (and using inkprint), officials often specify this time increase for anyone asking for extended time--this in spite of the GED Examiner's Manual clearly stating that twice the standard amount of time is usual for a taped or Braille test. Some students have had to reapply, with a cover letter, in order to receive the accommodation they deserve. Since diabetes is a major cause of blindness, some applicants need to consider the possibility of a reaction during the test. The student would typically need to stop, eat something, and take some time to recover. One of my students applied for the accommodation of "frequent supervised breaks," enclosing a letter from his doctor. The approval came back to allow him to "test for fifteen minutes and then take a ten-minute break." In other words they want him to schedule his reactions according to their plan! We considered this incredible response and decided to ask for three times the standard testing time. This was approved, and I suggest this approach for anyone subject to frequent diabetic reactions or any other condition that is likely to require interrupting the test at unpredictable intervals.
Whether or not there are
disagreements, the process of receiving approval for accommodations is often
slow. The student is well advised to apply for accommodations as soon as he
or she decides to pursue the GED, rather than waiting until almost ready for
How to Go about Studying
Some GED applicants are very strong academically, having had circumstances or problems that kept them from receiving a diploma. Other applicants have had almost no education (like an immigrant from a developing country) or an education so poor that it takes years to reach the GED testing level. Most are somewhere in-between. In a community of any size, some schools will offer GED preparation to the general public.
Testing is available continually (in contrast with tests such as the ACT, which are offered only on infrequent, specific dates). Some schools, especially in urban areas, are accustomed to including blind students. Many, however, will have no experience with blindness. Moreover, it is increasingly common for there to be no actual classes--instead, the work is done individually on a computer (where accessibility may be doubtful).
Independent study is entirely possible, especially for stronger students. Students can take practice tests in each of the five areas, and then proceed with any indicated strengthening. GED study books are generally oriented toward independent study, with plenty of practice questions and answers.
Preparation--with or without
a teacher--needs to involve alternative techniques in addition to the kind of
preparation needed by everyone. How will the applicant handle long, detailed
passages with complex questions afterward? How will the essay be done?
Materials Available
January of 2002 brought a complete revision of the GED test battery. All old, partial scores became obsolete. A flurry of new study materials (in inkprint and on computer) followed the change. However, a considerable time lag has occurred in the production of study materials usable by blind students. Old study materials (from before 2000) are still usable in many respects, since the new version really brought relatively few changes in content. However, we certainly want to use new study materials whenever possible.
New tape-recorded study materials are available from Recording for the Blind & Dyslexic (RFB&D), which charges a modest fee for enrollment and for annual renewal.
Most study materials contain pretests and post-tests. Also, the Steck-Vaughn publishing company offers a set of official practice tests in taped form (as well as large and regular print).
Computer-based study materials are becoming increasingly common. I have not used these thus far and would like to hear from students and teachers who have.
New Braille materials have been slower in becoming available. There now is at least one: GED Basics (Third Edition), by Nancy Lawrence, published by ARCO. It is relatively compact for a book covering all five tests, having only 234 pages in inkprint. This book is available for loan through the National Library Service. It may also be purchased through the American Printing House for the Blind (APH).
The Minnesota State Services for the Blind has produced a number of Brailled study materials. Minnesota educational institutions are entitled to them, and those in other states can purchase them.
As a sighted teacher (although literate in Braille and able to use tapes) I find it convenient to obtain for myself an inkprint copy of the main materials used by my students. Also, of course, inkprint study materials can be read aloud or Brailled by anyone assisting the student.
Study materials labeled
"GED" generally assume that the student begins at essentially the
high school level—ninth grade or above. A student whose starting level is below
ninth grade will need materials called "Pre-GED" (or perhaps "Adult
Basic Education").
Let's Pool Our Resources
I would like to collect information about methods, materials, successes, and problems. I would also like to know of other teachers or agencies that have successfully prepared students for GED testing. Let's compare notes. Please write to me at Doris M. Willoughby, 1279 W. Ridge Road, Littleton, Colorado 80120; or telephone (303) 424-7373; or email <firstname.lastname@example.com>.
American Printing House
for the Blind (APH)
1839 Frankfort Avenue
Louisville, Kentucky 40206
(800) 223-1839
GED Testing Service
American Council on Education
One DuPont Circle NW
Washington, DC 20036-1163
4255 W. Touhy Avenue
Lincolnwood, Illinois 60712
Minnesota State Services for the
2200 University Avenue West
St. Paul, Minnesota 55114
(651) 642-0500
National Library Service for the
and Physically Handicapped (NLS)
Library of Congress
1291 Taylor Street NW
Washington, DC 20542
(Note that at least one affiliated local library exists for every state.)
Recording for the Blind & Dyslexic
20 Roszel Road
Princeton, New Jersey 08540
(800) 221-4792
Steck-Vaughn Company
P. O. Box 690789
Orlando, Florida 32819-0789
(800) 531-5015


text:
Bus from Sattur Bypass to Karaikal
A convenient mode of travel while commuting from Sattur Bypass to Karaikal is by taking a bus. The time taken to complete the bus journey is dependent on traffic, roads and climatic conditions.The bus companies adopt safety measures while running their buses from Sattur Bypass and Karaikal. The smooth availability of bus service creates travel convenience for many people travelling from Sattur Bypass to Karaikal.


text:
Dear Stephen Dubner
Love the Freakonomics podcast, would like to suggest a future episode.
Sometimes musician friends say to me "I'm going to write some hits, just make some money" as if writing a hit is as simple as using a certain structure, (which it is…but isn't), and if they wrote one then magically they would be rich.
They don't seem to grasp the fact that soft porn marketing accompanies whatever is called a hit or so it seems to me. Therein lies an interesting Freakonomics episode.
Bob Wiseman


text:
Rule of Law
- Created by: Hannah
- Created on: 30-03-13 21:34
The rule of law is a fundamental principle in our constitution. Put simply, it means that the state should govern its citizens in accordance with the rules that have been agreed upon.
A constitution is therefore a set of rules which details a country's system of government, often codified as a written document. It will define fundamental political policies establishing the structure, procedures, powers and duties of the government. It will generally also guarantee certain rights of the people. Essentially, it sets out broad principles about who can make the law and how.
Britain is different to other Western democracies in that it has an unwritten constitution, meaning that it is not found in a specific document. Nonetheless, Britain does have an equivalent constitution which is a product of historical development, laying down rules about who governs, the powers they have, and how that power is passed on or transferred. Sources that contribute to the constitution include: acts of parliament, judicial decisions and conventions/customs.
For a written constitution
- It would make the constitutional position clearer.
- More accessible for citizens.
- Greater protection of rights and liberties if the constitution were entrenched as it could only be altered after first satisfying a special procedure permitting change.
- An unwritten constitution is part of our heritage.
- An unwritten constitution allows for flexibility.
- A written constitution would be difficult to change.
Magna Carta 1215: marked the first attempt to set out constitutional powers and gave rights and freedoms to subjects.
Act of Settlement 1701: provision of judicial independence.
During the 19th and 20th Centuries, voting rights and democracy were extended.
European Communities Act 1972: UK joined the EU in 1973 and is therefore subject to EU legislation.
Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949: confirmation of HoC superior power when law-making.
Human Rights Act 1998: activation of ECHR into the English Legal System (1998 also saw devolution of powers to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland)
Constitutional Reform Act 2005: altered the position of the Lord Chancellor, created the Supreme Court, and introduced the Judicial Appointments Commission.
Magna Carta 1215: marked the first attempt to set out constitutional powers and gave rights and freedoms to subjects.
Act of Settlement 1701: provision of judicial independence.
During the 19th and 20th Centuries, voting rights and democracy were extended.
European Communities Act 1972: UK joined the EU in 1973 and is therefore subject to EU legislation.
Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949: confirmation of HoC superior power when law-making.
Human Rights Act 1998: activation of ECHR into the English Legal System (1998 also saw devolution of powers to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland)
Constitutional Reform Act 2005: altered the position of the Lord Chancellor, created the Supreme Court, and introduced the Judicial Appointments Commission.
Separation of powers
- o THE EXECUTIVE – Government – proposers.
- o THE LEGISLATURE – Parliament – creators.
- o THE JUDICIARY – Judges – enforcers.
The Separation of powers theory is usually attributed to Montesquieu when he suggested that democracy demands that no person serve in more than one branch of state, in order to avoid dictatorship.
The UK's system is described as having a 'fusion' of powers, whereby certain roles straddle different branches. Members of the executive (MPs) also sit in the legislature in the House of Commons and are answerable to it, whilst members of the judiciary (House of Lord judges) used to sit in the legislature, in the legislative House of Lords. (Labour Government created the new Supreme Court [October 2009], under the Constitutional Reform Act 2005.)
The Constitutional Reform Act 2005 also altered the position of the Lord Chancellor in order to complement Montesquieu's theory. The Lord Chief Justice (LCJ) is now the head of the independent judiciary. Additionally, the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 created the Judicial Appointments Commission to take on the responsibility for appointing the independent judiciary.
Parliamentary Sovereignty
Of the three institutional powers, the most supreme law making body is PARLIAMENT, as enshrined in AV Dicey's Parliamentary Sovereignty doctrine. Law passed by Parliament, in accordance with set rules and procedure, must be applied above all other sources of law by the courts as its members are democratically elected.
This has been taken to mean:
- 1. Parliament can make law on any subject it chooses (even retrospective laws: WAR CRIMES ACT 1991).
- 2. No Parliament can bind its successors.
- 3. No body (including the courts) can question the validity of Parliament's enactments.
Some reinforcements of this final point can be seen in the following examples:
- o Jackson & Others [2005] challenged the validity of the Parliament Act 1949, and therefore also the Hunting Act 2004, but did not succeed.
- o AV Dicey: "The judges know nothing about any will of the people except insofar as that will is expressed by an Act of Parliament."
- o Edinburgh and Dalkieth Railway v Wauchope [1842]: "All that the Court of Justice can do is to look to the Parliamentary roll."
Note some limitations:
- Membership of European Union: EU law takes supremacy in a conflict.
- Human Rights Act 1998: laws should be compatible with convention rights and judges should strive to interpret them in a compatible manner (s.3 HRA 1998). Where incompatibilities arise, the judiciary can issue a s.4 HRA 1998 declaration of incompatibility, but as this does not allow judges to strike out laws this has little practical impact on parliamentary sovereignty as it can be ignored by Parliament. However, in issuing a DI, judges are fulfilling the will of parliament.
Rule of Law
It is universally agreed amongst democratic states that the rule of law is a vital element in a free democracy. Although not enshrined in a written constitution, it is jealously guarded by our judiciary, and has been given legislative support in the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 s.1 which states: "...the Act does not affect...the existing constitutional principle of the rule of law."
A key starting point here is to note that there are differing opinions on what, precisely, is meant by "the rule of law". For example, it has been suggested that it is: "[t]he name commonly given to the state of affairs in which a legal system is legally in good shape"-John Finnis 1980
A constitutional law textbook summarises it as meaning: "that all power in a community should be kept subject to general rules and both government and governed should keep to those rules."- John Alder [2007]
And LORD BINGHAM – a leading authority on the rule of law in recent times – has suggested that it should be taken to mean that: - "all persons and authorities within the state, whether public or private, should be bound by and entitled to the benefit of laws publicly and prospectively1 promulgated2 and publicly administered in the courts"
Rule of Law
The rule of law is a symbolic ideal dating back to ARISTOTLE in the 4th Century BC. It is required in order to have a democracy. The idea that no-one was above the law was summarised by THOMAS PAINE, an 18th Century British revolutionary:
"For as in absolute governments the king is law, so in free countries the law ought to be king; and there ought to be no other." [1776]
19th Century theorist, AV DICEY, defended Britain's system of an unwritten constitution and popularised the concept. The rule of law is, therefore, a tool against which we can measure, comment on and sometimes criticise how our State operates.
- In Dicey's book "Introduction to the Study of Law of the Constitution" (1885) he stated that the Rule of Law has three main principles:
- Nobody should be punished by the state unless they have broken a law.
- The same laws should apply to officials of the state as the ordinary people.
- The rights of the individual are protected by the rulings of judges.
Rule of Law
Therefore, the Rule of Law clearly places limits on the exercise of powers by the Government and protects the rights of citizens. It emphasises the need for keeping the institutions and their processes within reasonable limits in order to avoid a totalitarian regime (oppressive / dictatorship), and provides for a system of checks and balances which check on the powers exercised by the Government in its decision making.
In Nazi Germany, for example, the evils of the system occurred because there were NO CHECKS OR BALANCES over all the powers of the State. The judiciary lacked the necessary independence and the executive controlled the legislature. The practical consequences were horrendous.
Critique of Dicey's Rule of Law
[1971] Essential component of RoL = absence of state exercise of arbitrary power. Thought Parliamentary Sovereignty had weakened RoL as legislation has to be followed: provided the State's actions are authorised by legislation, then any act in accordance with legislation is lawful.-FA Von Hayek.
[1970s] Saw RoL as a way of controlling, rather than preventing, the exercise of discretion by the state, and therefore viewed it in a negative way. He felt that the key point to emerge from the RoL was that the law must be capable of guiding an individual's behaviour.- Joseph Raz
[1970s] Thought that, although Dicey's ideas were "very influential for two generations… they no longer warrant detailed analysis."- SA De Smith
Critique of Dicey's Rule of Law
However, whilst Dicey's ideas did go out of fashion for a time, they have now come back into favour, particularly with senior members of the judiciary strictly following the Constitutional Reform Act 2005.
Perhaps the most famous case on the rule of law is that of Entick v Carrington [1765]. Entick sued the King's messengers who, "with force and arms", broke into his property and seized his private papers. Under a "general warrant" issued by the Secretary of State, they were searching for allegedly disloyal material. The defendant could not point to any statutory or common law authority for issuing general search warrants; therefore they had no valid law authorising their entry onto private property and it amounted to trespass.
This judgment established the limits of executive power; that an officer of the state could only act lawfully in a manner prescribed by law.
Operation of rule of law
The English and Welsh legal system attempts to meet the requirements of the rule of law and is largely successful. There are, however, concerns in some areas.
No punishment without law
Today, the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) lays down the rules under which the police may enter private property without a warrant.-NO
Additionally, vast discretion is given to MI5 and MI6 to enter private property under the REGULATION OF INVESTIGATORY POWERS ACT 2000 (RIPA). These discretionary powers are often virtually unreviewable by the courts and thus technically in line with the rule of law.- NO
During situations of crisis, such as terrorism, much wider powers tend to be given by law to the executive and thus the rule of law is 'stretched'. For example, the ANTI TERRORISM CRIME AND SECURITY ACT 2001 allowed for indefinite detention at Belmarsh prison without charge of non-UK nationals suspected of terrorism (however, A and others v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2004] held this to be illegal and a DI was issued under s.4 HRA 1998).-NO
Operation of rule of law
Police can arrest a person upon reasonable suspicion of having committed an offence under s.24 PACE 1984 and then hold them for up to 96 hours in police custody.- YES reasonable suspicion
Claims have been made regarding the involvement of UK Security Services in extraordinary rendition* and torture in relation to BinYam Mohammed.NO
Ministers and other executive bodies are often given wide discretionary powers by primary legislation to create statutory instruments – e.g. under the LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY REFORM ACT 2006.- NO
Rule of law- no punishment without law comment
Whilst there can be no punishment without there first being a law, where the courts have scorned the Government for their actions, this can easily be reversed by a new legislative proposal to the contrary. When enacted, this will be protected by parliamentary sovereignty and will therefore compel judicial adherence.
This happened in the summer of 2011 when rules relating to the "continued ticking" of the detention clock (relating to how long police can hold a suspect at a police station) were radically shaken in:
Hookway [2011] A district judge at Salford Magistrates' Court refused to grant a routine warrant to Greater Manchester Police to extend Mr Hookway's detention as it was decided that time spent on bail counted towards the 96 hour limit of pre-charge detention.
The police force sought judicial review, but this was upheld by the High Court. The force were prepared to take their case to the Supreme Court but government ministers said that they could not wait for this and so responded with emergency legislation to 'reconfirm' that police could continue to operate on the same basis regarding bail that they have done for the last 25 years. Soon after, the Police (Detention and Bail) Act 2011 was passed.
Equality before the law
- THE QUEEN: There is a presumption that the Crown is not bound unless a statute expressly says so, such as the Hunting Act 2004.-NO
- o SERVANTS OF THE CROWN: Government Departments and other executive bodies and institutions do not enjoy the same immunity.-YES
- o CHILDREN: No criminal liability for those under 10 years old.-NO
- o FOREIGN DIPLOMATS: Diplomatic immunity is a policy held between governments that ensure diplomats are given safe passage in the host country. If X has committed a crime in their home nation, s/he will not be prosecuted here in the UK, although they can be expelled/extradited – as in Pinochet.-NO
- Often, immunity will depend on the political relationship with that country. Whilst performing a diplomatic function, the level of immunity granted is dependent upon rank and ranges from immunity from criminal and civil to immunity for official acts only. A waiver can be requested in order to arrest or bring charges against someone. Even if immunity is not waived, the Foreign and Commonwealth Office may ask for the withdrawal of the individual and their family or declare them persona non gratae. Issues relating to diplomatic immunity were discussed in summer 2012 when it transpired that Julian Assange had sought asylum in the Ecuadorian Embassy in London.
Equality before the law
o MPs: MPs enjoy protection from defamation in Parliament (HC/HL) as what they say cannot be used against them. Liberal Democrat MP John Hemming used parliamentary privilege to name Ryan Giggs as the 'married footballer' that had taken out an injunction over his alleged affair with Imogen Thomas. He said "Mr Speaker, with about 75,000 people having named Ryan Giggs, it is obviously impracticable to imprison them all."
MPs also have parliamentary privilege allowing them to regulate their own affairs (e.g. expenses). This was why MPs were claiming they should not stand trial over the expenses scandal and that Parliament should discipline them. The judges disagreed with this! Whilst MPs have protection from defamation, they are not protected from other areas of law, as Labour MP Eric Joyce has found following his arrest after allegations of assaulting Conservative MP Stuart Andrew in a House of Commons bar on 22nd February 2012. It was announced on 24th February that he has been charged with 3 counts of assault and has been bailed to appear at West London Magistrates court on 7th March.
Chris Huhne has also been the subject of the media when he pleaded guilty to perverting the course of justice over claims that his ex-wife took speeding points for him over a decade ago, as he was in danger of losing his licence, having already accrued 9 penalty points.
Equality before the law
o JUDGES: Judges have immunity during legal proceedings.
Sirros v Moore [1974] Denning: "A judge of a superior court is not liable for anything done by him while he is "acting as a judge," or "doing a judicial act" or "acting judicially" or "in the execution of his office"...."What do all these mean? They are much wider than the expression when he is acting within his jurisdiction. I think [these mean]… that a judge of a superior court is protected when he is acting in the bona fide exercise of his office and under the belief that he has jurisdiction, though he may be mistaken in that belief and may not in truth have any jurisdiction. No matter that his mistake is not one of fact but of law, nevertheless he is protected if he in good faith believes that he has jurisdiction to do what he does."
Sirros v Moore [1974] D appealed to the Crown Court against a magistrate's recommendation for his deportation. The judge dismissed the appeal and, when he saw D about to walk out of his court, he called upon the police to stop him. Ds claims for damages for assault and false imprisonment failed. Although the judge's order was unlawful, as D had not been remanded in custody, the judge's immunity extended even to acts beyond his jurisdiction as long as they were done in good faith.
Independence of the judiciary
3) THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE JUDICIARY: Dicey's third principle requires the rights of individuals to be protected by the rulings of judges. For this to happen, they must be independent from the executive. "A judge should value independence above gold, not for his or her own benefit, but because it is of the essence of the rule of law."Lord Phillips
"The courts will treat with particular suspicion (and might even reject) any attempt to subvert the rule of law by removing governmental action affecting the rights of the individual from all judicial scrutiny." Lady Hale in Jackson & Others [2005]
As the courts can be asked by citizens to prevent the government from acting outside of their legal powers through the process of JUDICIAL REVIEW in the QBD High Court (ultra vires), judges therefore hold a position of CENTRAL IMPORTANCE in relation to the rule of law and are expected to decide on cases through strict application of the law, without allowing their personal preference or fear or favour of any of the parties to affect the outcome of the case- YES
Independence is therefore of paramount importance; something the HL recognised in Pinochet [1998] when they effectively reheard the case because of the possibility of bias due to links between Lord Hoffman and Amnesty International in the earlier hearing.-YES
Independence of the judiciary
The difficulty of reconciling the constitutional role of the Lord Chancellor with an independent judiciary was resolved by the Constitutional Reform Act 2005. This Act now promotes stricter adherence to separation of powers and clearly recognises the vital role played by the judiciary in upholding rule of law. The Act effectively abolished the position of Lord Chancellor as head of the judiciary and placed the role of appointing judges in the hands of the LORD CHIEF JUSTICE who is SEPARATE FROM THE EXECUTIVE-YES
Comments have recently been made by the LCJ, Lord Judgeexpressing concerns that these changes have eroded something important in that the judiciary are no longer directly represented in government. He says that 7 years on, it is now "right to take stock and consider whether the two branches of the constitution are yet back in equilibrium."
The new SUPREME COURT further promotes independent ideals as it provides greater clarity in our constitutional arrangements by further SEPARATING THE JUDICIARY from the LEGISLATURE in removing the Law Lords from sitting in Parliament. This move has enhanced independence of the judges and increased the transparency between the top levels of the UK judicial system and Parliament.-YES
Independence of the judiciary
The role of judges in upholding the rule of law has been given a new dimension by virtue of the HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998. Actions of public authorities must be compatible with the ECHR (s.6 HRA 1998); where incompatible, courts are able to award damages. Since the HRA came into force, judges have had a surge in power in relation to interpreting existing laws. They now have a DUTY to interpret ALL law in a way which is compatible with the broad principles laid down in the ECHR (s.3 HRA 1998).-NO
In addition, judges have a new power to openly declare that an Act of Parliament is incompatible with the ECHR (s.4 HRA 1998 DECLARATION OF INCOMPATIBILITY). Remember: where a DI is issued, it is for Parliament, in line with Parliamentary Sovereignty, to decide whether the law requires amendment. However, a DI, particularly when issued by the Supreme Court, will carry a great deal of weight.-YES
Independence of the judiciary
In A and Others v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2004] the indefinite detention of non UK nationals at Belmarsh prison under the ANTI TERRORISM CRIME AND SECURITY ACT 2001 was held to breach Arts 5 (liberty), 6 (fair trial) and 14 (discrimination). The HL held their detention contrary to HR on the narrow ground that it was unjustifiable racial discrimination: UK nationals were just as likely to be suspected of terrorism-YES
This led to the passing of the PREVENTION OF TERRORISM ACT 2005 which promoted greater involvement of the judiciary in the granting of control orders in relation to those suspected of terrorism. Following this, however, the control orders themselves were condemned by the courts for being contrary to HR in JJ & Others v Home Office [2007]. In this case a control order, issued by the Secretary of State under s.2 of the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005, which imposed an 18 hour curfew on the controlled person and closely restricted his social contacts, constituted a deprivation of liberty under Art 5 ECHR. Since the Secretary of State had no power to deprive liberty under the 2005 Act, the order was quashed.
The efforts of judges to maintain rule of law and protect human rights have led to CLASHES with government, notably with former Prime Minister Tony Blair, and successive Home Secretaries. It could be argued that neither judges nor the HRA 1998 are at fault, but rather the source of any problems lies with an enthusiastic executive who, when it suits, pays only scant (slight) recognition to the rule of law.
Supporters of a written constitution believe that, as society has had its liberties more and more encroached upon by government, the rule of law is more important now than ever. On the other hand, it is agreed, with some justification, that a modern society needs bodies such as MI5 and MI6 simply because there are a tiny number of individuals who wish to subvert (challenge) society and have to be dealt with accordingly. However, it continues to be imperative that the individual should know when state interference is likely and that official action is governed by rules.
Individuals implicitly accept that we cannot exercise the unbridled freedom enjoyed by Adam in the Garden of Eden, before the creation of Eve, and we accept the constraints imposed by laws properly made because of the benefits which, on balance, they confer. In turn, however, the state must also accept that it may not do all that it has the power to do but only that which laws binding upon it authorise it to do. The rule of law is neither a simple ideal nor an easy one to live up to. We should not abandon it but should continue to use it as a benchmark against which laws on individual freedom are measured.
"Wherever law ends, tyranny begins." John Locke, Second Treatise of Government 1690
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Property Tax bills for any address within Johnson County, Kansas, are available on the Johnson County Treasurer website.
Below is an example of how to calculate City Property Taxes on a home with an appraised value of $251,047 which is currently the average appraised value for a home in Shawnee.
Current Mill Levy: .026614
You pay $6 per month for stormwater utility fees and approximately $19.17 for franchise fees.
What do you get for $89 a month?
The APPRAISED VALUE represents the market value of a property. In Johnson County, the County Appraiser's office determines appraised value, taking into account the property's location, topography, size, shape, quality, age, and condition of building(s), as well as current market conditions for similar properties.
The ASSESSED VALUE is by law a fixed percent of the appraised value. The assessed value of a residential property is currently set at 11.5% of its appraised value.
The MILL LEVY is the tax rate that is applied to each $1,000 of a property's assessed value to determine the amount of taxes owed.
PROPERTY TAX is calculated by multiplying the ASSESSED VALUE by the current MILL LEVY.


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We've been crafting up a storm for Valentines Day this year so we decided to keep it simple for the actual Valentines that the boys will be passing out to fellow classmates. I created a few simple hearts and gave them a bit of personality with fun faces. The boys love them! Address the tops to fellow classmates then add a bit of candy and you're all set! Super simple, no-fuss Valentines.
Download the playful face Valentines cards here.
And if your little one is feeling extra creative, you can download this set and then have them create their very own faces on these hearts. Maybe even personalize them to match their classmates?
Download the blank heart Valentines cards here.
Happy Valentines Day Friends!! I hope it's filled with happy hearts, extra smoochy kisses and decadent chocolate. XO!


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Monday, April 4, 2011
Light Dreams
Easy to lose faith when you seem to lose everything,
Here today,gone tomorrow so does life even mean anything,
But all hope is not gone,remember you can turn one dollar into anything,
So we close our eyes and have light dreams,since nothing is what it seems,
Wake up the next morning,trying to chase our life dreams at any means,
Feels like you have to be perfect for people to stay around,feels like nothing moves right,the earth just continues to spin around,
Wish life would just slow down,and for things to to stay up and not go down,
Hardest part about it is to be close to the one you love,but your hearts never gets to make a sound,
Some of us 'beat quiet' and keep our light in the dark,While the rest lose control,act recklessly & behave like we live with no heart,
Life's harsh,but we all have to pay the price but can we afford the cost?
A lie to the the truth,how far would you go, You don't have to love in words,since your actions will always show,
But what will we do when all the time has stop?When all the birds flying high will just suddenly drop,
Then the internet goes off forever & never comes back,and for us to 'make it there' we have to work together and follow a map,
A map that would lead us to the answers to everything,
Right in front of the golden gates where you can have everything,
Where you can throw your worries & no longer have to worry about anything,
Because our love will be at the highest value,so we will not hurt or harm anything,
I open my eyes,guessed I was having light dreams,but you know what they say,nothing is what it seems,
Just another day we hustle hard,to one day be able to live out our dreams at any means....
2 comments:
I just came across your blog while looking for a graphic... but your thoughts sound just like a book in the bible. It says almost the exact same thing till the last verse. http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ecclesiastes&version=ESVReplyDelete
Hope all is well.
- Lukas
- AnonymousOctober 27, 2012 at 7:27 AM
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I've been talking for a while now about making brunch and inviting friends over to enjoy it. Last Saturday I was able to do just that, and I really can't wait to do it again. There's a minor problem here though: I didn't take any pictures. I know, who am I?!
I made the following recipes, which all come pretty highly recommended:
Fluffy Pancakes – I planned on lemon ricotta pancakes but the ricotta in my fridge had gone bad… uh oh. But these were classic and delicious!!
Bacon Cheese Frittata – I omitted the bacon and added broccoli!
Banana Banana Bread – If I'm being honest, this isn't my favorite banana bread recipe, but was still good.
I also made fruit salad (watermelon, strawberries & blueberries), bacon (the good stuff from the deli) and sausage. Everything was a hit and I can't wait to do it again.
I don't know what it is but I really just love to feed people. I was thinking recently about my Gramma Fowler (my mom's mom) who passed away about 5 years ago. She loved to be in the kitchen cooking and baking. She refused to attend any family gathering without bringing something along. I see more and more of her in myself these days. I'm starting to understand the joy that she found in that, yet I'm not sure I can articulate it very well. I really wish sometimes that she was still here and that I could share my love for cooking with her and learn from her in the kitchen. I'm thankful for the incredible recipes we have of hers and can't wait to try more of them in the future. They're recipes I hope I can pass down to my own children some day! And hey, if you're lucky, maybe I'll have the chance to share of few with all of you. :)


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What should you do if you are injured in a car accident?
Every year thousands of Marylanders are involved in automobile accidents which result in injuries or even death. For many of us, figuring out what to do immediatley following a car accident is confusing and scary. An experienced Maryland Accident Attorney can help injured Maryland citizens in the stressful days following an accident. If you or someone you know is injured in an automobile accident and has questions about what to do, please contact the Personal Injury Experts at 410-385-2225 or email@example.com
The most important thing to remember following an autombile accident is that if you are injured you should seek medical attention immediately. Delaying treatment can cause complications or cause unnecessary pain. Secondary to seeking treatment for your injuries, it is important to notify your insurance company and the insurance company of the at-fault driver of the accident. Opening a claim with the appropriate insurance company will begin the process of getting your car repaired, getting a rental vehicle and arranging for PIP(Personal Injury Protection) payments to help defray the cost of your medical treatment. As an experieced personal injury lawyer, I can help you with all these things. Insurance companies don't always act with an accident victim's best interests in mind and having the help of an experienced attorney can vastly improve the process for Maryland accident victims. A seasoned trial attorney can help negotiate with the insurance companies and resolve the matter in a timely manner to the satisfaction of their client. In almost all cases these matters can be handled on a contigency basis where no fee is charged to the client unless there is a recovery in the case.
To ensure proper handling of your personal injury matter, contact the Maryland Personal Injury Experts at 410-385-2225 or email@example.com


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In 2007, the US Citizenship and Immigration Services rejected the visa application of a Wharton graduate to stay on in that country and start a business, a decision that forced the young man to return home and start a business in India instead. That business is now called Snapdeal and the entrepreneur is Kunal Bahl.
Had Kotak opted then to sell soaps and shampoo for the then Hindustan Lever over pursuing his entrepreneurial dreams or if Bahl had been allowed to stay on in the US, the choices before a bunch of wise men seated around a long table in Mumbai's Trident Hotel to decide the winners of The Economic Times Awards for Corporate Excellence for 2015 would have been different and perhaps also poorer.
Fortunately for Kotak and Bahl, the choices they made and the detours forced upon them by fate years ago are paying back — and how.
Kotak was picked by the nine-member jury to be conferred the Business Leader of the year award for 2015, at the end of an intense brainstorming session that saw him pip another India Inc notable — Tata Consultancy Services CEO N Chandrasekaran, who was spoken of highly for the dexterity with which he has steered India's largest software exporter and the jewel in the Tata Group's crown.
"Uday has built something out of nothing," noted one jury member during the discussions that lasted nearly two hours. Another member paid tribute to his ability to deliver value to shareholders and to think and execute big, as exemplified by his Kotak Mahindra Bank's recent acquisition of ING Vysya. A third member noted his credentials as a worthy ambassador of India Inc at global forums and as a sounding board to many global CEOs looking at India.
Scale, solidity, quality, maturity and ability to deliver were some of the buzzwords that figured prominently during the jury discussions steered by two of India Inc's stalwarts — Aditya Birla Group Chairman Kumar Mangalam Birla and Bharti Group chief Sunil Mittal.
Other members of the jury included SoftBank President Nikesh Arora, HDFC Bank MD Aditya Puri, Adobe CEO Shantanu Narayen, Snapdeal founder Kunal Bahl, Ola's Bhavish Aggarwal, top corporate lawyer Cyril Shroff and Silicon Valley investor Vinod Dham.
Birla and Mittal stepped in to steer the meeting after Jury Chairman Vittorio Colao of Vodafone — who had come to Mumbai for the jury discussions — was unable to attend due to a sudden illness.
The ET Awards for Corporate Excellence are easily India's top business accolades, and seek to celebrate visionary leadership, exemplary performance and the promise of future greatness. Past winners have included the who's who of Indian industry, all of them picked by a group of illustrious peers and other high achievers.
At Friday's meeting, the jury had to pick winners in a total of ten categories, and during the course of the proceedings they collectively decided not to award a Best Startup of the year for 2015 — as an award of this name had been given to Ola at the recent Jio Economic Times Startup Awards on October 12.
The meeting also saw three members of the jury in contention for awards, and two of them in the end won in two categories, but not before they opted out of the proceedings so the rest of the jury could frankly discuss their suitability.
Kunal Bahl was one such, winning the Entrepreneur of the Year award, pipping a raft of posterboys of India's white-hot startup world as the jury recognised what one member termed was his "remarkable maturity" and skill in building Snapdeal into one of India's top three e-tailers. One jury member noted how Bahl had recently managed to raise money from top global investors at a valuation of $5.5 billion while another quoted a senior bureaucrat as saying, "Kunal is the next Sunil Mittal". The jury also discussed Vijay Shekhar Sharma of Snapdeal rival Paytm and Bhavish Aggarwal of Ola, but in the end went with Kunal.
Hindustan Unilever, one of the country's biggest multinationals, won the Company of the Year award, with the discussion swinging between it, Lupin and Axis Bank. But the jury finally settled for HUL, choosing its size, consistent track record, strong governance processes and its ability to soldier on with a strong array of brands in a tough market. "Sanjiv has steered HUL well from where it was since taking charge," noted one jury member, referring to the efforts of Sanjiv Mehta, HUL's CEO, who took up the job at a tough time. The doyen of the Indian software services industry and one of the architects of TCS' stunning growth, S Ramadorai, won the Lifetime Achievement award. "Ram is the rare person who has switched seamlessly from the UPA (United Progressive Alliance) to the NDA (National Democratic Alliance)," one juror said, referring to the Modi government's decision to continue with him to lead its ambitious skills development agenda.
Eicher Motors, led by Siddhartha Lal, was the top Emerging Company of the year. One jury member noted that Eicher was an old company that had "re-emerged", pointing to the difficult transformation it went through when it shed its tractor business. When one juror expressed doubts if Eicher was overly dependent on just one kind of product — the Royal Enfield motorcycles, another said it was not unusual. "The world's largest company (Apple) is also dependent on one product," this person remarked, and the rest of the jury agreed. Piyush Goyal, minister of state (independent charge) for coal and power, won the Business Reformer of the year award. The jury felt his ability to get things done in a complex and highly regulated industry merited this award. It lauded him for efficiently conducting the coal auctions. "For the first time in 20 years, there's no shortage of coal," said one juror, with another saying Goyal was "close to solving the discoms (power distribution companies) problem" and power availability was poised to improve sharply.
Nikesh Arora of SoftBank easily won the Global Indian award beating Prem Watsa and Google's Sundar Pichai. The jury noted his work in recognising startups in India and the work he has done in mentoring and scaling them up. Jurors spoke of Arora's "tremendous track record" at Google before joining SoftBank. Others praised how he was an excellent mentor to entrepreneurs, spending long hours with teams of his investee companies. His pick was in the end a unanimous choice.
Another unanimous choice was Amitabh Kant, the secretary in the department of industrial policy and promotion and one of the Modi government's most visible bureaucrats The jury picked him as its choice for the Policy Change Agent award, with members across the board lavishing praise on him. "He has done something," said one, while another noted, "He's a problem solver. He's very unlike a bureaucrat."
Infosys was selected the Corporate Citizen of the year, with the jury lauding the "quality of its effort" along with the scale. Among the shortlisted contenders, Infosys had the top spend at Rs 243 crore, most of it education-related.
This year's winners have something in common that has made them truly successful. They have the ability to fight, change, adapt and evolve to accommodate changing needs and standards. They also don't give up easily and are not scared of challenges and opposition — all of these hallmarks of effective leadership. That is what makes them leaders and worthy winners of India's finest corporate accolades.
The ET Awards for Corporate Excellence 2015 are presented by Standard Chartered Bank.


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Referral, Planning and Evaluation
A student may be referred to the Child Study Team for evaluation by teachers, parents/guardians, and I&RS team. Parents/guardians may request consideration for evaluation of their child by writing a request to the Child Study Team (CST) Coordinator.
The process begins with the parent being notified, in writing, of a meeting with the Team and receiving a copy of Parental Rights in Special Education, a booklet prepared by the NJ Department of Education advising parents of their basic rights and responsibilities in the process.
The first meeting is a planning meeting at which time all available information is reviewed with the parents/guardians, the CST, the child's teacher, and others who might have knowledge of the child and his or her difficulty in school. Following review of the material, a decision is made to either attempt interventions within the general education setting or move forward with a full CST evaluation. If there is agreement that an evaluation should be conducted, the nature and scope of the evaluation is discussed and written parent consent for the evaluation is required.
Members of the CST conduct individual evaluations based on their specialties. A written report is prepared and sent to the parents in advance of an Eligibility Meeting, held to discuss all of the evaluations and to receive the recommendations of the Child Study Team. Again, parent input is an important part of this process. Parents may bring others to any meeting if they wish.


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Independence Day
Independence Day Quote: "I picked a hell of a day to quit drinkin'." – Russel Casse
This "Independence Day," let's celebrate the 1996 cinematic dumpster fire that made Will Smith a blockbuster action hero and taught us Jeff Goldblum wasn't acting in "Jurassic Park." That's really him. He can actually hack alien computers. Join us as we fly our mother ship of skepticism through plot holes, wildly offensive performances and Randy Quaid's most annoying character ever.