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How to Calm Your Imagination Before Sleep
Explore this Article Calming the Mind Distracting Your Imagination Relaxing the Body Show 1 more... Show less... Article Summary Questions & Answers Related Articles References
There are 27 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page.
Having an active and creative imagination is a great gift. At night, though, it's not always so great, especially if it's keeping you awake. Don't despair! This article will introduce a few ways to help you fall asleep when your mind is over-active.
Calming the Mind
1Establish a pre-sleep routine. It's difficult to calm your imagination and your mind if you are going until you try to fall asleep. Keeping your body and mind active before bed makes it nearly impossible to shut it off so you can sleep. To help this, establish a pre-sleep routine. This helps wind your body down so that it and your mind is relaxed when you finally crawl into bed. Plus, routine helps your body know what's coming when you do those activities or when it's that time of day. Start your routine at least 30 minutes you plan on falling asleep.[1]
- Try reading, doing light stretches or yoga, listening to relaxing music, or watching some light, calming television.
2Write down what's on your mind. One way to help calm your imagination is to write down what's in your head before bed. Keep a journal by your bed. An hour or so before bed, write down the thoughts whirling through your head. Try to be as detailed as possible. Think about emptying your head of any thoughts so it will be clear when you go to bed.[2]
- This can also work with any anxieties. This can help you get out your worries before bed so you're not lying there and stressing.[3]
3Breathe out of your left nostril. Breathing out of only your left nostril is supposed to help relax your sympathetic nervous system.[4] This can calm your mind and imagination and help you fall asleep.
- Close your right nostril with the thumb of your right hand. Breathe in slowly and deeply through your left nostril. Hold, then exhale. Repeat, letting the tension release from your body as you calm your mind.[5]
4Read. Engaging in a calming activity, like reading, before bed can help the body start to relax as it prepares for sleep.[6] Since you don't want to stimulate your imagination too much, make sure to read a book that won't get your adrenaline or mind racing. Try something fun and soothing, or something you have read before.
5Meditate. Take up meditation. Try meditation before you go to sleep. Meditation calms the mind, and some types of meditation teach you how to clear your mind completely. Try these tricks when you're starting:
- Concentrate on each breath you take. Breathe slowly and enjoy each breath. Concentrate on how good it feels to be able to breathe. When you slow your breathing, this tends to slow your heart rate as well, which ultimately calms you down.
- Clear your head of all thoughts and focus on how good it feels to have your mind completely empty. If a thought comes into your mind, refocus, and just relax.
- Clear your head by throwing away the thoughts that keep you awake. Imagine a garbage bag. Lift up the predominant thought that keeps you awake from your head, and imagine that you put it in the bag. Now that this thought is out of your head, you can notice a previous thought popping up in your head. Throw this in the bag as well. Keep doing this until your head feels clear of thoughts. Then, tie up the bag and throw the bag as far away as you can imagine. You have now let go of the things that keep you awake, and you are ready to start falling asleep.
- Try progressive muscle relaxation. Starting at your feet or your head, single out each muscle group. Tense that muscle group, then relax it.[7]
6Listen to relaxing music. If your imagination won't calm down, try turning on some relaxing music. This helps keep your mind from focusing on what is in your head and more on the music which in turn relaxes you. Make sure you listen to the music at a low volume. Listen to music that is soothing, like instrumental.
Distracting Your Imagination
1Visualize. Imagine a scene where you are being swept off to sleep. Maybe you are a leaf on the wind, maybe you are walking into a pool of fog, or maybe you are sinking down in a soft cloud. Visualizing scenes like this can help focus your imagination and draw it away from distracting, emotional thoughts.[8]
2Count something. Engaging your mind in repetitive mental exercises can help you fall asleep. Sheep are very popular for this purpose, but almost anything will do, as long as you can picture it clearly and keep counting.[9] This repetition and refocusing can help quiet your imagination.
3Alphabetize. This is another mental exercise that can distract your brain and help promote sleep. Go through the alphabet and think of items in a single category, A to Z.[10]
- For example, you could list fruits or animal names from A to Z, such as aardvark, bumblebee, crayfish, dog and so on.
4Picture an object or scene. Focus on a very specific object, like a box. Think about the color of the object, the shape, the size, what it looks like from each side, and its use. Or try walking yourself through a scene. For instance, imagine that you're riding a bike. Picture a particular route in your neighborhood that you frequently walk, drive, or bike. Imagine you are biking along this road, and think of it at exactly the same pace as it would take if you were actually on a bike.[11]
- While you are biking, have a look around and imagine all the streets, houses, shops, and other things that you pass along the road. Try to remember as many small details as possible.[12]
5Recite lyrics or quotes. Another mental exercise that might distract your imagination is reciting the lyrics to your favorite song or quoting your favorite movie. Repeat the lyrics over and over, like a mantra. This helps focus your brain on something repetitive so that your imagination can calm down and let you sleep.[13]
- Try recreating a familiar movie from any point in your mind. Follow through the plot, think about the dialogue, and try to focus on specific details from the movie.[14]
6Create a story in your mind. Come up with a story to occupy your mind. Create a character, or use a familiar character. Tell a story in your mind about what happens to this character. Focus on details, like what the character is wearing, what the room looks like, and what they are doing.
- If you can't think of a story, use yourself. Walk yourself through your favorite hobby. Imagine that you are sailing a boat around a lake or decorating a new room.[15]
Relaxing the Body
1Lower your body's temperature. One way to promote sleep and help calm the mind down is to cool yourself down. Being too hot can disturb your sleep, which can keep your imagination going. Lower the temperature in the room or remove a blanket to help cool yourself down.[16]
- Keep your room between 60-75 degrees Fahrenheit.[17]
2Take a bath. Taking a bath raises your temperature, and then going into your cool bedroom lowers it. This change in body temperature causes you to be drowsy because of a decrease in metabolic activity.[18]
- Try burning scented candles or using aromatherapy bath salts or body wash. Or burn essential oil or place it in a diffuser. Lavender and Roman chamomile oil both promotes sleep.[19]
3Exercise. Exercise helps you fall asleep more quickly and sleep better. It can help tire your mind and body so you can hit the pillow and drift off. Make sure that you exercise at least 3 hours before bedtime. If you have trouble falling asleep, try exercising even earlier in the day.[20]
4Try deep breathing. Deep breathing can be effective in calming the body and the mind. Sit up straight on the floor just before bed. Make sure the lights are off and the room is quiet without any distractions.
- Close your mouth and inhale through your nose for a count of 4. Hold your breath for a count of 7.
- Exhale completely through your mouth for a count of 8.
- Do this for a total of 4 times.[21]
5Drink tea. Some teas can have a calming effect on the body and the mind. An hour or so before you want to fall asleep, brew a cup of chamomile, Valerian, or lavender tea. Some tea companies also sell blends specifically for helping sleeping.[22]
- Don't put sugar in the tea. This can help you stay awake.
Removing Disturbances
1Reduce the amount of light in your room. One reason your imagination may be active is because of the amount of light in your room. Light at night, and while you're trying to sleep, throws your body's natural circadian rhythm off. Turn off all lights when you are sleeping. This includes electronics. Lights can confuse your body and mind, making your mind work overtime. Start dimming the lights an hour before bed so your body starts producing melatonin.[23]
- If you need a little light at night, go for red lights instead of blues. Blue tones increase energy and attentiveness, which disrupts sleeping patterns,[24]
- Avoid looking at bright screens for 2-3 hours before bed.
- If you can't get away from the light, try wearing an eye mask.
2Reduce caffeine intake. Caffeine is a stimulant. Drinking too much caffeine too close to bedtime can make your mind and imagination work overtime. Try limiting the amount of caffeine you drink throughout the day, or don't drink so much tea close to bedtime.[25]
3Go to sleep when you're actually tired. One reason your imagination may run away with you and keep you up at night is because your body and mind aren't actually tired. Staying in bed and tossing and turning just causes your imagination to keep working. Instead of lying there and being frustrated at your mind, get up and go to another room. Do a relaxing activity for 20 minutes, like light reading or listening to calming music. Then return to bed.[26]
4Use your bed only for sleep. When your imagination is in overdrive, don't lie in bed tossing and turning. This makes your body start to believe that the bed is a place to think and be mentally awake. Instead, move yourself to another room.[27]
Community Q&A
QuestionWhat can I do if I can't focus on something for more than 10 minutes?Community AnswerMeasuring attention span has been a difficult task for psychologists with results varying from 10 – 20 minutes considered 'normal;' however, there is little consensus in the field. If you are able to focus for 10 minutes, take a break, then refocus. No one has the ability to focus for hours at a time.
QuestionWhen I think of something stressful, my head feels hot and my body starts shaking. Why is this happening?Community AnswerThere could be many different reasons for feeling hot and shaking. Start by seeing your family doctor to rule out any illness then schedule to see a counselor or psychologist to talk about psychological causes.
QuestionWhat do I do if I wake up at 2 AM every night?Bananagrams2006Community AnswerClose your eyes again and try and fall asleep. Don't try and make up a story or imagine something as this is not relaxing to your brain. Try and think of something you have already done. Don't get out of bed as this is training your mind to get up at 2 AM. When it becomes the time you want to wake up, get up right away. This is the time you want your brain to be trained to wake up.
QuestionWhat do I do if there's a clown apocalypse at the moment and I can't sleep?Community AnswerKeep a baseball bat on hand. You never have to reload a baseball bat. Just think of the clown apocalypse as a free game of whack-a-mole.
QuestionI know I shouldn't, but homework is easier in bed. I know I am only supposed to sleep in bed, so what should I do?Community AnswerTry getting a lap desk, that way you write while sitting in a comfy chair or on the couch. You don't want to give your brain the wrong idea about what the bed is for. You could probably get away with sitting up straight on the edge of the bed, but this probably won't be too comfortable.
QuestionHow do I forget worries and to-do-lists running through my brain so I can sleep?Community AnswerWrite the things you feel are so urgent to be done down before bed. Or, try to think of something else. Writing down thoughts, feelings, secrets etc, can actually help too. If writing down isn't an option, sit/stand in front of the mirror and pour out what's going on in your head. It may feel a bit odd, but you might get used to letting it all spill out in this way. You can always talk to someone about it, or try to think in a positive way about it.
QuestionHow can I stop weird thoughts from popping into my head when I try to sleep?Community AnswerTry to put on some calm music. If it's raining outside, try to focus on the noise while you are trying to sleep. Focus on a specific thought, like where you'd like your next vacation to be and what you'd do.
QuestionWhat if I am scared about being the last one to fall asleep?Community AnswerTry reading something or listening to some music. Both will make you feel less alone and as if you aren't the only one awake.
QuestionWhat if my dreams wake me up?Community AnswerDon't make a big deal about it and try to fall back asleep again. It is natural that certain things happen in dreams and wake you up.
QuestionHow do I fall asleep if I'm addicted to technology?Community AnswerHide the electronic so you can't see it and distract yourself. Think about your dream house or car.
- If you find that you have consistent sleep problems, consult a doctor.
- ↑ http://psychcentral.com/lib/12-ways-to-shut-off-your-brain-before-bedtime/6577/
- ↑ http://www.besthealthmag.ca/best-you/sleep/6-ways-to-quiet-your-mind-for-better-sleep?slide=2#hGesr3JbaSDSqArw.97
- ↑ http://psychcentral.com/lib/12-ways-to-shut-off-your-brain-before-bedtime/6577/
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8063359
- ↑ http://www.grdhealth.com/yogameditation/leftnostril.php
- ↑ http://healthysleep.med.harvard.edu/healthy/getting/overcoming/tips
- ↑ http://psychcentral.com/lib/12-ways-to-shut-off-your-brain-before-bedtime/6577/
- ↑ https://medium.com/@missafayres/how-to-put-your-mind-to-sleep-79f3495c80b7
- ↑ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/23/shut-off-brain-cant-sleep_n_5161774.html
- ↑ http://psychcentral.com/lib/12-ways-to-shut-off-your-brain-before-bedtime/6577/
- ↑ http://psychcentral.com/lib/12-ways-to-shut-off-your-brain-before-bedtime/6577/
- ↑ http://www.besthealthmag.ca/best-you/sleep/6-ways-to-quiet-your-mind-for-better-sleep?slide=4#p5ezcm9MsbwgCoVj.97
- ↑ http://psychcentral.com/lib/12-ways-to-shut-off-your-brain-before-bedtime/6577/
- ↑ http://www.besthealthmag.ca/best-you/sleep/6-ways-to-quiet-your-mind-for-better-sleep?slide=4#p5ezcm9MsbwgCoVj.97
- ↑ http://www.besthealthmag.ca/best-you/sleep/6-ways-to-quiet-your-mind-for-better-sleep?slide=4#p5ezcm9MsbwgCoVj.97
- ↑ https://medium.com/@missafayres/how-to-put-your-mind-to-sleep-79f3495c80b7
- ↑ http://healthysleep.med.harvard.edu/healthy/getting/overcoming/tips
- ↑ http://greatist.com/happiness/tip-take-warm-shower-bed-help-sleep
- ↑ http://www.aromaweb.com/articles/aromatherapyandinsomnia.asp
- ↑ http://healthysleep.med.harvard.edu/healthy/getting/overcoming/tips
- ↑ http://www.drweil.com/drw/u/ART00521/three-breathing-exercises.html
- ↑ http://www.nosleeplessnights.com/tea-that-helps-you-sleep-looking-beyond-chamomile/
- ↑ http://shapefitness.us/index.php/blog/2014/06/7-useful-sleep-tips
- ↑ http://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/blue-light-has-a-dark-side
- ↑ http://healthysleep.med.harvard.edu/healthy/science/how/external-factors
- ↑ http://healthysleep.med.harvard.edu/healthy/getting/overcoming/tips
- ↑ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/23/shut-off-brain-cant-sleep_n_5161774.html
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Article SummaryX
To calm your imagination before sleep, take a few long, deep breaths before you lie down for bed, which can help you relax so it's easier to sleep. You can also put on some relaxing music or sing a calming song in your head to stop your mind from racing. If you're struggling with negative thoughts, try to refocus your attention on something positive, like a peaceful scene in your head or a story with made-up characters and settings. Also, try to do something relaxing right before bed, like taking a bath or drinking a cup of tea. To learn more from our Professional Counselor co-author, like how to remove any disturbances from your room before bed, keep reading!
Article Info
Categories: Featured Articles | Bedtime Routine
In other languages:
Italiano: Calmare la Tua Immaginazione Prima di Dormire, Español: calmar la imaginación antes de dormir, Deutsch: Die Gedanken zum Einschlafen abstellen, Português: Acalmar a Imaginação Antes de Dormir, Русский: успокоиться перед сном, Français: calmer votre imagination avant de vous coucher, Bahasa Indonesia: Menenangkan Imajinasi sebelum Tidur, Tiếng Việt: Tĩnh tâm trước khi Ngủ, 한국어: 자기 전에 상상력 진정시키는 법, Čeština: Jak zklidnit svoji představivost před spaním, العربية: تهدئة خيالاتك قبل النوم, ไทย: ทำให้จินตนาการที่แล่นอยู่ในหัวสงบลงก่อนที่จะเข้านอน, Nederlands: Je verbeelding kalmeren voor je gaat slapen, 中文: 在睡前平静思绪, 日本語: 就寝前に心を落ち着かせる


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University of Oregon researchers have published a study showing that an institution's response to a sexual assault can have a big effect on the victim's mental health.
U of O researchers Carly Smith and Jennifer Freyd conducted a random survey of 345 students at an unnamed Northwest university. Two-thirds of them had been victims of a sexual assault, or of an unwanted sexual experience.
The authors say those numbers are consistent with previous studies. The new finding is that nearly half of the students who had an unwanted encounter got an unhelpful or even punitive response. U of O professor Jennifer Freyd says those responses constitute a "betrayal" — and can cause further harm.
She explained, "What we found is the extent of that negative outcome was increased by 'institutional betrayal.' So, it exacerbated the negative impact of sexual trauma."
And she says those students had higher rates of depression, anxiety, and dissociation.
The study is in the Journal of Traumatic Stress.

subset: commoncrawl


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Categories // Disease Area
A combination of 5-azacytidine and the HDAC inhibitor butyrate has demonstrated efficacy in targeting cancer stem cells in a preclinical breast cancer model. These findings, published this week in Cancer Research, present a treatment option that could be explored in the disease.
The 5-azacytidine/butyrate duo was observed to reduce the number of stem cells in a mouse model and also improved survival. According to the results of the study, neither agent alone was effective against the disease.
"Most current chemotherapy does not kill the stem cells, which are the cells of origin, only the tumor mass," commented Muthusamy Thangaraju, the study's corresponding author of the Medical College of Georgia and Georgia Cancer Center at Augusta University (GA, USA). "This combination might need to be considered for all breast cancer patients because their common denominator is cancer stem cells."
Currently, azacytidine/butyrate are utilized in combination alongside tamoxifen, where they have been proven to aid in reduction of disease recurrence.
In terms of cancer stem cells, Thangaraju and team suggest that the combination targets two traits that are key to their ability to drive cancer development and spread. 5-azacytidine inhibits DNMT1 – a gene that has previously been shown to aid in the maintenance of normal breast stem cells and healthy breast tissue, as well as cancer stem cells.
High levels of DNMT1 reduce the expression of the ISL1 gene, a natural tumor suppressor and control mechanism for stem cells. When the DNMT1 gene was knocked out in a breast cancer model, it eliminated approximately 80% of breast tumors, particularly the most aggressive ones.
Also overexpressed in breast cancer are the signaling molecules RAD51AP1 and SPC25, which normally help repair the DNA damage; however, in cancer they instead enable growth and spread of cancer cells. Butyrate, which is present at high levels in breast milk, blocks excessive levels of these cancer-driving molecules.
Thangaraju highlighted how it is most likely the vulnerability to these so-called epigenetic changes that enable cancer that is resulting in cancer stem cells being susceptible to the combination 5-azacytidine/butyrate therapy.
Source: Medical College of Georgia press release via EurekAlert!


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Jeremy McConnell faces new police probe after latest row with Stephanie Davis
Merseyside Police last night confirmed a new investigation into fresh allegations
JEREMY McConnell is facing a fresh police probe following his latest row with on-off girlfriend Stephanie Davis.
The reality TV pair's romance is over again after their latest fall out – with former Hollyoaks star Steph making a formal complaint to the authorities who have now opened an inquiry into their latest dispute.
Former pair Jeremy, 27, and Stephanie, 24, have since become embroiled in a bitter stand-off which friends say will keep them from rekindling their fiery romance.
And Merseyside Police last night confirmed a new investigation into fresh allegations against Celebrity Big Brother star Jeremy, which a spokesman described as "ongoing."
A source said: "The latest row has been a really bad one - it got so fiery that the police have even got involved, and there's no sign of them smoothing things over this time.
"They may well want to speak to him about her complaint – and it's the second time the authorities have had to get involved in their relationship.
"Her family really feel that this time they should call things a day for good, for everyone's sake."
Most popular
'I'm trying everything'Britain's most famous porn star Ben Dover reveals he is battling bladder cancer
Jeremy is understood to be aware of the complaint made against him – but has yet to comment.
The full details of the complaint are currently being kept under wraps for legal reasons.
Jeremy and Stephanie split at the end of last week - after he accused her of cutting up all his clothes and "slagging" off his late parents in a vile Twitter rant.
The Irish model took to social media to blast his ex girlfriend in a scathing tweet as he declared the romance is over for good.
Jeremy and Steph have had a turbulent relationship ever since they met on Celebrity Big Brother last summer.
They endured an on-off romance upon their evictions from the reality show - with Stephanie discovering she was pregnant within weeks of leaving the reality show.
Stephanie is currently enjoying a holiday in Tenerife following her split from Jeremy.


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Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Noninvasive Detection of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Using Clinical Markers and Circulating Levels of Lipids and Metabolites
Zhou Y, Oresic M, Leivonen M, et al. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;14:1463-1472.
Clinical factors such as age, sex, liver enzymes, components of the metabolic syndrome, as well as circulating markers of inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix components are associated with NASH. Genetic factors, especially the I148M variant in patatin-like phospholipase domain containing protein 3 (PNPLA3), also confers susceptibility to NASH. In this study, using mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods, the authors identified a set of lipids and metabolites that significantly associated with NASH in a liver biopsy cohort of 318 patients. They subsequently developed models based on 1) clinical parameters and the PNPLA3 genotype alone (NASH Clin Score); 2) MS-based profiling (NASH Met Score); and 3) all data (NASH ClinLipMet Score). They found that the NASH ClinLipMet Score identified patients with NASH with significantly higher accuracy than the NASH Clin Score or NASH Met Score. A score based on MS (glutamate, isoleucine, glycine, lysophosphatidylcholine 16:0, phosphoethanolamine 40:6) and knowledge of AST, fasting insulin, and PNPLA3 genotype may be a useful tool to improve noninvasive diagnosis of NASH.
Journal of Hepatology
Definition and Risk Factors for Chronicity Following Acute Idiosyncratic Drug-induced Liver Injury
Medina-Caliz I, Robles-Diaz M, Garcia-Muñoz B,et al. J Hepatol. 2016; 65:57-65.
The best definition of DILI chronicity remains a matter of debate. This study prospective, long-term follow-up study analyzed 298 out of 850 patients in the Spanish DILI registry and concluded one year is the best cutoff point to define chronic DILI. In this cohort, 28 patients (8%) were chronic DILI. Risk factors for chronicity include old age, dyslipidemia, and severe DILI. Compare to acute DILI, chronic DILI group had significantly higher mean values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin (TB). In addition, elevated ALP and TB in second month from DILI onset may predict chronicity. Main drug classes associated with chronic DILI were statins, and anti-infective.
Prevalence of Sclerosing Cholangitis Detected by Magnetic Resonance Cholangiography in Patients With Long-term Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Lunder AK, Hov JR, Borthne A, et al. Gastroenterol. 2016;151(4):660-669.
This study examines MRCP findings in 756 patients with IBD 20 years after initial diagnosis to examine the prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Findings of PSC were seen on imaging in 26 cases (8.1%), of which only 7 (2.2%). PSC-related findings correlated with extensive colitis, history of colectomy, and persistent symptoms. In asymptomatic cases with PSC-like changes, the MRCP findings increased on follow-up. In this study, prevalence of PSC was 3-fold higher compared to that detected based on symptoms. Subclinical PSC and no biochemical abnormalities were seen in 65% of cases.
Shifting Paradigms: What Is the True Prevalence and Clinical Course of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis?
Weersma RK, Lindor KD. Gastroenterol. 2016;151(4):590-3.
This is an editorial that accompanies the previous article. The review highlights the important findings of the paper:
-Biochemical abnormalities are not always present in PSC.
-Severe colitis and prior colectomy are risk factors for subclinical PSC.
-The natural history of subclinical PSC detected by MRCP will requires longer follow-up studies; the present data indicates that these cases progress in a subset of cases.
Human Pathology
Arginase-1 is frequently positive in hepatoid adenocarcinomas.
Chandan VS, Shah SS, Torbenson MS, et al. Hum Pathol. 2016; 55:11-6.
The morphology and immunohistochemical findings in hepatoid adenocarcinomas are similar to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study performed immunohistochemistry for Arginase-1, Hepar-1, Glypican-3, CK7, CK20, CK19, polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen, ɑ-fetoprotein, CDX2, and TTF-1 in 8 cases, and albumin in situ hybridization in 4 of cases of hepatoid adenocarcinoma. Arginase-1 was positive in 5 (62.5%) cases, 2 of which had diffuse staining. Hepar-1 was positive in all 8 cases; glypican-3, CK7 and AFP were each positive in 4 (50%), CK19 in 3 (37.5%); polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen (canalicular staining) in 3 (37.5%) and albumin in situ hybridization was positive in 3 (75%); CDX2 in 2 (25%); CK20 in 1 (12.5%); TTF-1 was negative in all cases. Arginase-1 cannot be used to distinguish HCC from hepatoid adenocarcinoma.
Bihari C, Rastogi A, Sen B, et al. Hum Pathol. 2016; 55: 63-71.
Fibrosis quantification was done in 964 cases of chronic hepatitis B by image analysis on Masson's trichrome-stained sections. Median quantitative fibrosis (QF) was F0, 1%; F1, 3.03%; F2, 7.1%; F3, 12.7%; F4, 26.9%. METAVIR stage, liver stiffness measurement, and hepatic vein pressure gradient correlated with QF. After adjusting for stage, QF, albumin and ALT were predictors of outcome.
Giedl J, Büttner-Herold M, Wach S, et al. Hum Pathol. 2016; 55: 101-7.
Prostate adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can present with bone metastasis and typically negative for both CK7 and CK20. This study performed immunohistochemistry for arginase-1 and HepPar-1 using tissue microarrays in 557 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Positive staining with HepPar-1 was seen in 64 (11.5%) cases showed with variable expression (1-75%) in tumor cells. HepPar-1 staining in >10% of tumor cells was present in 13 (2.3%) cases. Arginase-1 showed nonspecific cytoplasmic staining in 19 (3.4%), which was different from combined nucleocytoplasmic staining seen in normal liver and HCC. This pattern with Arg-1 was used with one antibody lot, but not the other. Nucleocytoplasmic pattern was seen in Arg-1 only 1 case. In conclusion, HepPar-1 is common in prostatic adenocarcinomas and Arg-1 expression is more reliable for distinction of HCC and prostatic adenocarcinoma.
American Journal of Surgical Pathology
Clearance of Hepatic Spingomyelin by Olipudase Alfa is Associated with Improvement in Lipid Profiles in Acid Spingomyelinase Deficiency
Thurberg BL, Wasserstein MP, Jones SA, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2016; 40(9):1232-42.
Acid spingomeylinase deficiency/Niemann-Pick disease (ASMD/NPD) is a lysosomal storage disorder due to abnormal intracellular accumulation of spingomyelin (SM). In NPD type B, SM accumulation within Kupffer cells and hepatocytes eventually leads to hepatomegaly, a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. In addition to abnormal LFTs, most patients also have abnormal lipid profiles (high LDL-C, low HDL-C), known risk factors for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. In this study, the investigators demonstrate the effects of escalating doses of olipudase alfa (OA), a recombinant human ASM that has shown promise as enzyme replacement therapy in previous phase 1 trial data. Histomorphologic (including MetaMorph digital analysis), biochemical and electron microscopic parameters were evaluated after 26 weeks of therapy. Compared to baseline, 4 out of 5 patients (tissue insufficient for analysis in 1 subject) showed significant reductions in SM by all 3 methods of measurement, and normalization of AST/ALT. Additionally, all patients showed decreases in LDL-C and increases in HDL-C. OA continues to show promise but therapy is still investigational and effects on long-term outcomes remain unknown.
Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Practical Applications in Immunohistochemistry: Evaluation of Rejection and Infection in Organ Transplantation
Troxell ML, Lanciault C. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2016; 140(9): 910-925.
This review article summarizes applications and limitations of C4d and other infectious organism immunostains in the setting of solid organ transplant. With regards to the liver and ABO-compatible grafts, recipients with preformed lymphocytotoxic donor-specific antibodies (DSA) are at increased risk for developing antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). Microscopic changes suggestive of ABMR include bile ductular reaction, periductal neutrophilic infiltrates, portal edema, fibrin deposition around or within vessels, lobular neutrophils, and sinusoidal injury with parenchymal hemorrhage in severe cases. When C4d immunohistochemistry is performed to assess for ABMR, staining of portal veins/capillaries and/or sinusoids is considered supportive of ABMR; however, staining of the sinusoids is thought to be more specific. C4d immunohistochemistry result reporting should indicate if there is positive staining and which compartment stains; more than 50% staining is termed diffuse and has the highest correlation with ABMR. However, C4d immunohistochemistry must be interpreted in context with histologic changes, DSA titers and the clinical situation, as C4d staining alone is not specific and can be seen in approximately 50% of cases with cellular rejection as well as conditions not related to rejection (chronic hepatitis, vascular injury, biliary injury). Likewise, when performing immunostains for infectious agents, we are reminded that a negative stain does not exclude infection (organisms can be patchy, false-negative sampling, some antibody clones may react with only a limited range of viral serotypes) and more than one infectious agent may coexist in a case.
American Journal of Pathology
Pathogenesis of Kupffer Cells in Cholestatic Liver Injury
Sato K, Hall C, Glaser S, et al. Am J Pathol 2016; 186: 2238-2247.
This is a detailed review of the pathogenic role of Kupffer cells in chronic liver inflammatory injury, with a focus on chronic cholestatic disease.
Albumin expression distinguishes bile duct adenomas from metastatic adenocarcinoma.
Moy AP, Arora K, Deshpande V. Histopathol. 2016;69(3):423-430
AIMS: Bile duct adenomas may be difficult to distinguish from metastatic carcinomas, particularly well-differentiated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Prior studies have evaluated the utility of various immunohistochemical markers, although these markers are notable for low sensitivity and/or specificity. The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of albumin and BRAFV600E expression in distinguishing between metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma and bile duct adenoma.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 26 bile duct adenomas, three bile duct hamartomas, and 158 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Branched-chain in-situ hybridization (bISH) for albumin was performed; bISH is based on the branched DNA technology, wherein signal amplification is achieved via a series of sequential steps. Additionally, BRAFV600E immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on a subset of cases. Twenty-three of 25 (92%) bile duct adenomas were positive for albumin; 18 (72%) showed diffuse staining, and five showed focal staining (20%), including two challenging examples. Two bile duct hamartomas also stained positively. All pancreatic adenocarcinomas were negative for albumin. Seven of 16 (44%) bile duct adenomas and five of 106 (5%) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas were positive for BRAFV600E by IHC. The sensitivity and specificity of expression of albumin, as detected by bISH, for distinguishing bile duct adenomas from metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinomas were 92% and 100%, respectively; the sensitivity and specificity of BRAFV600E IHC for distinguishing bile duct adenomas from metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinomas were 43.8% and 95.3%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostically challenging examples of bile duct adenoma may be distinguished from metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma by the use of albumin bISH.
Treatment with Optifast reduces hepatic steatosis and increases candidacy rates for living donor liver transplantation.
Doyle A, Adeyi O, Khalili K, et al. Liver Transpl. 2016; 22(9):1295-1300
This study used paired liver biopsies to document improvements in steatosis levels in liver living donors, who subsequently successfully donated portions of their liver. Optifast is shown as a viable intervention for improving donor liver pool.
Prepared by:
Editor, Daniela Allende, MD, Cleveland Clinic
Oyedele Adeyi, MD; University of Toronto
Wenqing Cao, MD; New York University
Cindy Guy, MD; Duke University
Sanjay Kakar, MD; University of California, San Francisco
Jingmei Lin, MD, PhD; Indiana University
Rish Pai, MD, PhD; Mayo Clinic Arizona
Eric Yee, MD; University of Oklahoma
Nafis Shafizadeh, MD, Southern California Permanente Medical Group


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December 31, 2011
The Oakmark Global Select Fund returned 5% for the quarter ended December 31, 2011, underperforming the MSCI World Index's return of 8%. For 2011, the Fund and the MSCI World Index declined 6%. More importantly, the Fund has returned an average of 3% per year since inception, outperforming the MSCI World Index, which has averaged -1% per year over the same period.
FedEx, a U.S.-based worldwide package delivery business, was the top contributor to performance this quarter, returning 24%. We purchased FedEx for the Fund in the third quarter of 2011, when fears of a slowing economy caused the share price to fall to what we thought were extremely attractive levels. These fears have subsided, and the stock rebounded in the fourth quarter. Also during the past quarter, FedEx reported earnings that topped estimates and maintained its fiscal year 2012 forecasts. The company's investments during this extended downturn have set it up for what we think is an enormous amount of earnings power in an industry with extremely high barriers to entry. FedEx is taking significant share in the domestic ground market and is developing into the top U.S.-to-Asia parcel carrier. We believe FedEx offers considerable long-term earnings potential.
Intel, a U.S.-based microprocessor and semiconductor components manufacturer, was the top contributor to performance for the 2011 calendar year, returning 18%. Intel is the world's foremost semiconductor maker, holding about 80% of the market share for microprocessors that go into desktop and notebook computers and computer servers. Intel also makes embedded semiconductors for the industrial, medical-equipment and networking-gear markets. Most computer makers use Intel processors, with Dell and Hewlett-Packard being the firm's largest customers. In September, the company announced a new partnership agreement with Google that enables Intel's x86 Atom processors to work in Android-powered tablets and smartphones. Intel expects all future releases of Android to include a version optimized to run on Intel architecture products. More recently, Intel reported solid third-quarter results and set a new record for microprocessor units shipped. Third-quarter earnings and revenue increased 33% and 29%, respectively, from the same period last year, and gross margins also expanded. During the third quarter, Intel generated over $6 billion of cash and spent $4 billion to repurchase shares. In addition, the board authorized another $10 billion for future share repurchases. We believe Intel will continue to provide positive long-term returns for our shareholders.
Daiwa Securities Group, Japan's second-largest brokerage firm, was the largest detractor from performance for the quarter, falling 17%. Daiwa has been hurt in the past by numerous factors, including a particularly weak Japanese stock market and decreased equity and capital-markets activity. We met the new CEO, Takashi Hibino, for the first time this summer and came away impressed. He was very engaged in the discussion and communicated specific goals necessary for Daiwa's future success. New management is aggressively addressing losses in the wholesale business and has placed new priorities on other business lines. Mr. Hibino's focus will be on the retail banking and asset management divisions – the retail bank that recently went into operation seems to be a game changer. Daiwa spent three years researching this venture and came up with an Internet bank that gives customers access to Daiwa branches. The company aims to attract customers with higher rates and a better platform than competitors in hopes that customers will move a lot of these deposits to investment products. The retail bank has attracted over 1.5 trillion yen (nearly U.S. $20 billion) in deposits after only one year of operation. Daiwa's balance sheet remains well-capitalized, and we continue to believe Daiwa has a powerful franchise.
Adecco, the world's largest employment agency, detracted the most from performance for the 2011 calendar year, falling 35%. The stock has been hurt by general macroeconomic concerns and weakness. Despite a relatively lackluster recovery in employment across most of the developed world, Adecco's revenue has increased more than 20% organically since 2009 because employers value the flexibility that temporary staff provides in today's more volatile world. Adecco has also been able to grow via mergers and acquisitions, and it has used approximately €1 billion of the €1.25 billion in free cash flow it generated over the past three years to buy other professional staffing businesses, including MPS in the U.S. Even with its M&A spending, Adecco returned nearly €250 million to shareholders by way of dividends without increasing leverage. During the downturn, management focused on improving gross margins and reducing costs. These changes enabled the firm to withstand the recent market conditions and have helped the franchise maintain its long-term direction. We believe Adecco is run by an excellent management team that has a proven track record for creating shareholder value.
Geographically, we ended the quarter with our European holdings increasing slightly to 33% and our Japanese holdings decreasing to 17%. The remainder of the Fund's investments, excluding cash, are in North America. We did not add or remove any names from the Fund during the quarter.
Due to the U.S. dollar's weakness relative to other global currencies, we currently hedge three underlying foreign currencies. At quarter-end, approximately 60% of the Fund's Swiss franc and Japanese yen and 14% of the Fund's euro exposures were hedged.
We thank you for your continued confidence and support and wish you all a healthy, happy and prosperous 2012.
William C. Nygren, CFA
Portfolio Manager
David G. Herro, CFA
Portfolio Manager
Average Annual Total Returns (12/31/11)
Since Inception (10/06) 2.81%
5–year 1.39%
1–year -5.87%
Expense Ratio as of 9/30/10 was 1.29%
Past performance is no guarantee of future results. The performance data quoted represents past performance. Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance data quoted. The investment return and principal value vary so that an investor's shares when redeemed may be worth more or less than the original cost. The performance of the Funds does not reflect the 2% redemption fee imposed on shares redeemed within 90 days of purchase. To obtain the most recent month-end performance data, view it here.
As of 12/31/11, FedEx Corp. represented 4.7%, Intel Corp. 5.1%, Dell, Inc. 4.7%, Hewlett-Packard Co. 0%, Google Inc., Class A 0%, Daiwa Securities Group, Inc. 5.0%, Adecco SA 5.6%, and MPS Group 0% of the Oakmark Global Select Fund's total net assets. Portfolio holdings are subject to change without notice and are not intended as recommendations of individual stocks.
The MSCI World Index (Net) is a free float-adjusted market capitalization weighted index that is designed to measure the global equity market performance of developed markets. This benchmark calculates reinvested dividends net of withholding taxes using Luxembourg tax rates. This index is unmanaged and investors cannot invest directly in this index.
Because The Oakmark Global Select Fund is non-diversified, the performance of each holding will have a greater impact on the Fund's total return, and may make the Fund's returns more volatile than a more diversified fund.
Investing in foreign securities presents risks that in some ways may be greater than U.S. investments. Those risks include: currency fluctuation; different regulation, accounting standards, trading practices and levels of available information; generally higher transaction costs; and political risks.
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CUSIP identifiers have been provided by CUSIP Global Services, managed on behalf of the American Bankers Association by Standards and Poor's Financial Services, LLC, and are not for use or dissemination in a manner that would serve as a substitute for any CUSIP service. The CUSIP Database, © 2011 American Bankers Association. "CUSIP" is a registered trademark of the American Bankers Association.
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Date: Thursday, March 7th, 2019
Place: ICC (Binyanei HaUmah), Jerusalem
Booth: 76, Agam Exhibition
Come visit Watergen at Our Crowd Global Investor Summit – the must-attend event for the global startup ecosystem.
At Our Crowd event entrepreneurs, venture capitalists, corporations, investors come to network, learn, do business, and discover the most historic city in the most exciting country in the world:
- Interactive, front-row seat to formerly closed world of startup venture capital – cutting-edge technologies, entrepreneurs behind them, corporate leaders deploying them
- Anchors a week of events and activities in Israel and beyond – insider's look at innovation ecosystem, tech events, workshops, VC forums, CEO interchanges, press tours, legendary parties
- Sponsors and partners gain powerful access and branding with a broad cross-section of decision-makers and engaged stakeholders.
The Summit Theme: "Startups – Making a Global Impact"


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An Open Access Journal
The Journal of Rare Disorders considers manuscripts that conform to the established guidelines of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), as described in "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Writing and Editing for Biomedical Publication." These guidelines are available at http://www.icmje.org.
As stated in the ICMJE Uniform Requirements, credit for authorship requires substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; drafting of the manuscript or critical revision for important intellectual content; and final approval of the version to be published.
Authors are required to disclose, in writing, any financial interests (e.g., employment, consultancies, stock ownership or options other than mutual funds, honoraria, expert testimony) in the materials or subject matter dealt with in the manuscript.
All manuscripts should be in English, typed, and double-spaced, with the pages numbered. The title page of the paper should include a concise title of the article; the full name(s) of the author(s), highest academic degree(s) (eg, MD), and professional affiliation; and complete contact information – including mailing address, telephone, fax, and e-mail address – of the corresponding author.
Footnotes and uncommon abbreviations should be avoided whenever possible. When abbreviations or symbols are used, they should be defined in the text the first time they appear; any tables and figures should be referred to in the text. Graphics that have been published elsewhere must be accompanied by written consent from the original author and publisher for print and electronic reproduction.
Should contain the following components:
The abstract should be divided into the following sections: 1. Background Information, 2. Methodology, 3. Results, 4. Conclusions and 5. Key Words. Length should be less than or equal to 350 words.
This is meant to provide the reader with relevant clinical information on the disease state of interest and review the current understanding of the subject matter to be presented. When possible, the unmet needs that exist within this therapeutic area should be included and specifically how this research contributes to increasing the body of knowledge in this field.
This section should include a detailed description of the study design, relevant information on study participants, and type of statistical analysis if appropriate. When mentioning drug names, generic names as well as dosage and route of administration should be included.
For all manuscripts involving human subjects, it should be noted that appropriate ethical standards were maintained while conducting the research and that consent was obtained from all study participants.
Results should be presented in tables with accompanying diagrams whenever possible. When applicable, p-values as well as risk reductions should be included.
This section should provide clinical relevance as to the implications and impact that the study findings have on management of patients with the condition of interest. Any limitations of the study design or results should also be mentioned.
This should be a brief statement of the main results and how they answer the original research objective. In addition, the implications this information has for future areas of research may be mentioned.
Less than or equal to 5000 words
Less than or equal to 50 references
Less than or equal to 6 tables, figures, or illustrations
Typically should be based on a comprehensive analysis of currently available literature. Clinical practice guidelines and meta-analyses are also welcome.
All submissions should include a concise title; an abstract; an introduction that states the specific purpose of the article; a review of the currently available literature and understanding of the therapeutic area of interest, and conclusion. If applicable, a section on methods that identifies the databases that were searched as well as key words or phrases and inclusion/exclusion criteria for identified articles; an assessment of the validity of reviewed studies; and a summary that includes future directions for studies in this area should be included.
Less than or equal to 350 words
Less than or equal to 150 references
Case reports describe observations of new or unusual events (eg, relating to a clinical condition, association, reaction, or treatment) in one or more patients that can advance basic understanding of a medical condition, increase clinical skills, or suggest the usefulness of further research. These reports typically include rare, unexpected associations or events and should include data that describe the salient features of the case. The report should be factual, concise, logically organized, and clearly presented. Consistent with ICMJE guidelines, no identifying information–including patients' names, initials, or healthcare facility identification numbers – should be published in case studies to protect patient privacy and confidentiality.
The case report should include a concise title, a structured abstract, an introduction, a description of the case, discussion, summary, and any relevant references.
Tables or figures that present data in a readily interpretable form may be included. The introduction should announce the subject and purpose of the report, including statements of why the case is important. The case description should include a narrative account of the case with pertinent clinical, laboratory, and medication information. Discussion may include evidence that the case is new or unusual and consider possible alternative explanations for case features. The summary may include questions for further consideration, request for input from other experts in the field, and preliminary conclusions of the author.
Less than or equal to 150 words
Less than or equal to 1500 words
Less than or equal to 15
Less than or equal to 2 tables, figures, or illustrations
These are opinion pieces of papers published in a previous issue of The Journal of Rare Disorders. These letters are meant to provide the author's interpretation of the mentioned article and authors are encouraged to present a firm case to justify a point of view. All accepted letters will be sent to the author of the original paper for a response.
Less than or equal to 1000 words
Less than or equal to 10
The Editorial Board will solicit authors to comment on a specific research article that may or may not be published in the same issue of the journal. These are meant to provide readers with an insightful and thoughtful interpretation of the original published article by providing clinical relevance as well as highlighting any strengths or weaknesses deemed relevant by the author.
Any contributions to the research or assistance in manuscript preparation by any person(s) other than the authors must be acknowledged in this section.
The accuracy of all references cited is the responsibility of the author. References should be numbered in the order in which they appear in the text and the full references listed in the corresponding order at the end of the manuscript. The listing of references should comply with the format set forth in the American Medical Association Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors. (see following samples for journal articles, books, and Web sites). Data on file and material that has been "submitted for publication" should not be included in the references.
Reference to a journal article should include the last names and initials of the authors; full title of the article; title of the journal (as per AMA style), italicized; year of publication; volume number; and inclusive pages of the article.
For example: Pereira MA, Kartashov AI, Ebbeling CB, et al. Fast-food habits, weight gain, and insulin resistance (the CARDIA study):15-year prospective analysis. Lancet. 2005;365:36–42.
Reference to a book should include the last names and initials of the authors and/or editors; chapter title; book title, italicized; edition number; place of publication; publisher; year of publication; and inclusive pages.
For example: Anderson RM, Funnel MM, Carlson A, et al. Facilitating self-care through empowerment. In: Snoek FJ, Skinner TC, eds. Psychology in Diabetes Care. West Essex, UK: John Wiley& Sons, Ltd; 2000:69–97.
Reference to a Web site should include its name, article title, Web site address, and date the Web site was accessed.
For example: World Medical Association. Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Available at: http://www.wma.net/e/policy/pdf/17c.pdf. Accessed July 1, 2005.
All graphics, tables or illustrations must be submitted on disk or electronically and in the appropriate format discussed below. In addition, a hard copy must accompany all electronic files.
Files can be emailed to: firstname.lastname@example.com.
Hard copy files should be mailed to:
Cindy Jablonowski, PublisherThe Journal of Rare Disorders33 Brandon Ave.Monroe Township, N.J. 08831
Each Table should be prepared in Microsoft Word. If more than one table is to be submitted, each should be printed on a separate page. The location of each table should be referred to in the text and numbered in the order of appearance. In addition, a short descriptive title should be included.
Figures should be submitted in jpg, tiff, or eps format; photographs and photocopies are not usable. Figures submitted in any other format may be redrawn and forwarded for review to authors who will be responsible for the accuracy of the new illustrations. Use arrows indicating the top of the figures where needed.
Each figure should be referred to in the text and numbered in the order of appearance. If more than one figure is to be submitted, each should be printed on a separate page.
Submit Manuscripts To
Cindy Jablonowski, PublisherThe Journal of Rare Disorders33 Brandon Ave.Monroe Township, N.J. 08831mailto:email@example.com
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Brown wants to show students AVMA is their organization
"I want to make sure I fully understand every aspect of the veterinary students' concerns, their fears, their passions, and their image of the future of veterinary medicine. Then, I can be certain that the AVMA understands and reacts to these appropriately."
As the only candidate for the office, Dr. Brown is likely to be declared the winner during the AVMA House of Delegates' regular annual session in July. A 1984 graduate of the University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Dr. Brown was president of the West Virginia VMA from 2004-2006 and is his state's representative in the HOD.
Dr. Brown recently spoke to JAVMA News about why he's running for AVMA vice president and what he hopes to achieve while serving in that office.
Q: Why are you running for AVMA vice president?
A: While the AVMA vice presidency is one of the most admired positions of our organization, it is also one of the most challenging with its demanding travel and commitment. I selfishly like being around those who make you better. The highly motivated students and the AVMA leaders charge you to do your best and then improve. I feel the vice president office suits my ability to communicate to the wide array of veterinarians and students. I am also fortunate that my wife, current associates, and staff are ready and very capable to take the increased load my travels and absence will cause.
Q: What do you want to accomplish in the office?
A: I want to make sure I fully understand every aspect of the veterinary students' concerns, their fears, their passions, and their image of the future of veterinary medicine. Then, I can be certain that the AVMA understands and reacts to these appropriately. Also important is making sure the students know just as much about the AVMA and what it does to benefit members. I want to make sure the future AVMA fits and represents the future veterinarian.
Q: What skills and experience do you bring to the job?.
A: Enthusiasm, thirst for learning, and a sense of humor. I have been involved with local, state, and national organized veterinary medicine for many years. Not all students or veterinarians want to be a part of the House of Delegates' formality, but all want to be represented as if they were. I feel that I can communicate well with most veterinarians and students, regardless of their differing interests. I have the desire to devote more than enough time and effort to make sure the future AVMA is the right AVMA.
Q: What are some of the challenges facing veterinary students and recent graduates?
A: Probably the first seven challenges on that list would involve student loans and debts. Others would be career direction, optimal education, job satisfaction, and balancing work and family, as just a few. The list is constantly changing and is individual to each new and future veterinarian.
Q: What will you tell veterinary students about why they should be part of the AVMA?
A: The AVMA wants to improve ALL aspects of veterinary medicine. Students and recent graduates have such an important and unique voice in the future of the AVMA. The AVMA can represent and help them better if they not only become a member but also become an integral part.
Q: What are your thoughts on the low number of veterinary students seeking careers in food supply or public health medicine?
A: I would amend the question to say "the critically low numbers." As the numbers of food animal and public health veterinarians dwindle, the career opportunities in these areas are expanding. I am not sure students have been made aware of all these wonderful opportunities available in these careers. AVMA President Hammer and others continue to be a strong voice in this shortage.
Q: In addition to being the AVMA's liaison to SAVMA and student chapters, you would be a voting member of the Executive Board. What do you see your responsibilities to be in that capacity?
A: I guess I could quote the bylaws, but the Executive Board has the responsibility to feel the pulse of the entire AVMA. Together, all the board members—who represent every single AVMA member—help guide the AVMA and its obligations to its members.


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Do you avoid trying something new because it takes time? Time you can't spare?
There's a way to make big changes, with big dividends, without investing any more of your time.
The trick is to switch your thinking from mission to vision. They are two different views or attitudes. You'll be amazed at the difference this mental shift will make.
Vision is what attracts people to your cause. As Simon Sinek says in his famous TED Talk, "Start with Why." When people hear WHY you are doing what you're doing they care.
Caring leads to donating, joining, volunteering and advocating.
Chances are you have been talking about WHAT you do. I don't blame you, what you do is important, but it's not what attracts followers.
Think of religious leaders or politicians. They paint the big picture. Sinek points out that Martin Luther King said, "I have a dream." He didn't say, I have a plan.
How do you make the switch?
First, make sure you are clear on your vision. What is it your organization exists to do or change? How would the world look if you succeeded?
Then talk about that. Stay away from the details – the what and how – until your listener shares your vision and is eager to find out how to be part of your mission.
You're the visionary, they're the missionaries.
You inspire, they follow.
Try leading with your vision at your next networking event. Or even your next board or staff meeting. This new practice will change the conversation.
Your vision is your dream. Make it come true by sharing it with more and more people. Together you will make it happen, you will be a visionary.


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Midsummer Meals
In northern climes--Sweden, Norway, and Germany--Midsummer, traditionally held this weekend, is one of the biggest annual holidays. Celebrating the midpoint of the year, there is, apparently, dancing about a maypole of sorts, no doubt to exercise off the vats of potatoes, pickled herring, and schnapps they've consumed.
Not to be outdone, Seattle celebrates with a naked cycle race (nothing says summer like...nude biking? and no, I won't link to photos from it), while Lindsborg, Kansas, aka, Little Sweden USA, already celebrated last weekend by serving and eating copious amounts of a Swedish delicacy called varm korv med brod--warm sausage with bread. What food says summer to you?


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These versatile, flexible premium themes and templates are available in PHP mode and are based on responsive bootstrap principle. They are well-documented and customised. They also contain an option of multiple currencies and features like on-line chat, admin panel, sample data-installer and more.You may also check Travel Blog Themes.
If you are looking for the best theme to start your own travel gear shop and website, then the travel gear presta shop PHP theme template will be your ultimate choice.
The travel magazine PHP template is a simple designed travel PHP theme template that looks really beautiful and will be able to satiate your need for the best travel magazine theme.
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The travel word press blog PHP template is a beautifully designed travel PHP theme template that uses a flat design and beautiful pictures to create the best travel website.
The bon voyage presta shop PHP template is a colorful and elegant looking travel theme template that will be best option for all the travel websites to display their stories.
Give an account of your travel adventures using this Paris enabled theme. It has slides and menu tabs against a white background. Users can upload high resolution images and publish content in mixed media with this theme. It has an attractive layout for travel websites.
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Coders who are in love with the PHP scripting language can use this theme to extend the functionality and features of this template. Available with built in support for forms, search, social media plug-ins, and documentation, the code can be optimized for varied functionality.
Available only with a grid layout and menu tabs on the top of the homepage, this template is suitable for travel photographers. It is scripted in PHP and with customization options for code. Users can post high quality pictures and link them to blog posts.
A fun theme with vivid shades of red, pink, violent, and peach, suitable for female travel bloggers, has a dynamic layout. Available in dynamic grid design, different kinds of posts and content can fit into a single page layout. You can customize the fonts and background pictures with this theme.
A blue and white travel theme with all the aesthetics in place is suitable for hotels, tours and travel agencies. With simple menu tabs and a contact form, it has complete functionality and features in place. You can add picture and video backgrounds to this theme.
Are you a solo traveler? You can use this theme to jot down all the hiking and trekking travel adventures. The home page has an option to display high resolution images. The menu tabs are present in the middle of the page, and the grid layout helps you post snippets of text.
Frequent fliers who take pleasure trips can use this template. All the travel anecdotes along with pictures can be posted using this theme. This is a two column theme that also has a grid layout. Available with a teal background and a white and black text, gives an understated look.
There are plenty of coding options available as well. Web forms include contact forms, newsletter submissions among others. Download these multipurpose themes and templates after going through our free demos and enjoy free lifetime support and 100% satisfaction. Be it for fun travel, Paris travel, camping, Bermuda travel, fun travel, Oriental travel or for a travel agency, the choices are numerous. Above is a choicest list of best travel templates with well-structured layouts and option of customization. Superb graphics, logos, easy to use functional features make these templates the preferred ones.


text: Hi, I'm getting some weird colour artifacts when I open larger images with PIL. Can't seem to find anything relevant in the archives. The code to replicate is pretty simple so I should just post that. #begin code block from PIL import Image, ImageWin filename = "Sumida_river05s3200.jpg" #http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Sumida_river05s3200.jpg im = Image.open(filename) im.load() print im.mode w = ImageWin.ImageWindow(im) w.mainloop() #end code block The image is about 1.7 megabytes. I'm using PIL 1.1.6 with Python 2.5 on WindowsXP. If I shrink the image to half size in the GIMP, the colour distortion decreases. Shrink the original to a quarter size and the artifacts disappear. I thought this might be associated with CMYK problems from the archives, but none of the patches in the list changed the behavior, although they did fix the CMYK images linked. The image looks normal with other viewers. Any advice would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, Eric.


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HPS Affiliate: Mirion Technologies
Affiliate Website: http://www.mirion.com/
Services Offered
- Health Physics Consultation
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Suite 15
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770-432-2744; Fax: 203-235-1347
Mirion Technologies is a leading provider of innovative products, systems and
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The company delivers high quality, state of the art solutions that constantly
evolve to meet the changing needs of its customers. With the addition of the
Canberra brand in 2016, Mirion expanded its portfolio and the breadth of its
expertise to bring a new solution to the market. Every member of the Mirion
team is focused on enhancing the customer experience by delivering superior
products, exceptional service and unsurpassed support


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The huge DEVASTATION event is a mere two weeks away and this Saturday will yield a nice platter of events for Arizona gamers to get in the last smidgens of practice before the big competitions kick off.
First off is Team Haz-Mat with their DEVASTATION Boot Camp event on Saturday. The boot camp is $5 for a venue fee and $5 entry fee for each tournament being held at Team Haz-Mat's spot in Laveen. Competitions will start at 7 p.m. with Marvel vs. Capcom 3, then continue with Street Fighter III: Third Strike at 9 p.m., and finish up with Super Street Fighter IV: Arcade Edition at 10 p.m. Read the rest of this entry »


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« ADN TEN » was the gala of the ten-year history of the company. Dancers and musicians from Switzerland and Europe regained their artistic family for 3 days to plunge into choreographic concepts of the company, while presenting extracts of DNA Dialect's pieces.
Team & Credits © ADN Dialect
Avec: Angelo Dello Iacono, Marion DIL, Philia Maillardet, Charles Pietri, Kim Nam Kyung, Pierre Pietri, Nathan Freyermouth, Malo Vattoux, Gilles Schwab, André Uger, Fred Monnoye, Luc Baghdassarian, Mc Person, Fabien Vodoz & virtual guests Julien Feltin, Pierre Audetat, Pascal Auberson
Photo: Edouard Curchod


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|This says "Nug Lyf"
The Nugs = Chicken Nuggets = dinner of my babies in the henhouse if he can get
to them (which he hasn't)(but keeps on trying).
|He does look a little grumpy here, but I think he was just having a Bad Hair day!
(Yes I know we live in mild Northland and he has lots of fluff but he still does get cold!! Being an indoors AND outdoors farmdog means he gets bathed several times a day!)
I have some left over soup for lunch today so I'm off to heat that up now. Hopefully there'll be some more sewing time before cow and calf time later this afternoon :-)


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Glossier, aka. one of the most popular beauty brands in the community for the past couple of months? The brand who had a huge (to say the least) hit with the nation when it launched its UK site late last year? The brand every single person seems to rave about? Yes, that brand. I only recently tried some products and I know, I know, I'm a little late to the scene. Am I beating myself up about that fact? Let me tell you.
Glossier are a brand that blew up in the beauty-sphere when it launched its first UK site last year and at first I didn't really want to jump on the hype. Little did I know how much I'd love the products otherwise… I would've been the first to jump right on that bandwagon.
Thinking back to early 2017, I used to be a beauty hoarder. Don't get me wrong, I still can be at times, but it got to a point where I had nowhere to store what I was purchasing and I realised I only had one face to use all of these products. So, when Glossier was everywhere – all over Instagram, blogs, magazines and whatnot I tried my hardest to hold back and tell myself I didn't need anything. Then, I made an order and now it's a brand I'm so glad I bought into. It's affordable but amazing quality, aesthetically pleasing and like nothing I've ever tried before.
Let's begin with the one product I wish embraced my life sooner.
Balm Dotcom
Glossier's Balm Dotcom was the one product I saw everyone raving about and at first I really didn't understand what it was. I still didn't when I made the purchase. Now, I so get it.
The Balm Dotcom is a universal skin salve that you can use on your lips or skin to hydrate and repair dry or chapped skin. It has a very dense waxy texture that I was a bit iffy about at first but after a few uses I totally understand why it's so thick. The waxy balm stays in place no matter where you put it, in order to work its magic and repair your skins needs. I use this most on my lips, but have also used it on my elbows and knees when they're feeling a bit dry and this works wonders.
It makes my lips feel incredibly soft and also gives a super juicy finish. As it's a balm its not sticky at all and actually lasts a heck of a long time. So if you're not into glosses, lip products or simply cba to wear anything else, this is your answer.
This comes in five flavours and one original, non-scented flavour. The five mood-enhancing flavours include – cherry, birthday, rose, mint and coconut. Next time I'm definitely trying coconut as I bet it smells dreamy.
Priming Moisturizer
When looking for a primer I always look for something that will give me that 'your skin but better' look. That is exactly what I get with this.
I don't wear foundation anymore, I hardly wear concealer on a day-to-day basis so a primer is my ultimate go to and best friend.
The Glossier Priming Moisturizer is one of those products that brings out the best in your skin and leaves you with a glowing that is ready for a day with or without makeup. I love to use this straight after my skincare routine as it plumps my skin and makes it feel more awake without much effort at all.
Its lightweight creamy texture allows your skin to breathe whilst it evens out your skin tone, any blemishes and redness to leave you with a smooth, dewy base. I really love Glossier's 'dewy finish' motto as I'm all about that natural glow.
This can be used as a primer or a daily face moisturizer as it contains five key ingredients to help your skin as well as prep it for makeup. These include Hyaluronic Acid (to plump), Mushroom Super Hydrator (adds moisture), Anti-Redness Complex (reduces redness and calms), Oxygenating Agent (supplies stressed cells with oxygen) and an Antioxidant Blend (three vitamins to protect the skin). All this science just blows my mind, anyone else?
Super Glow
My first ever skincare routine consisted of a lot of vitamin C products and since, my skin has craved that energising vitamin. As I was running low on my vitamin C products and had become admittedly lazy with them, I knew the Super Glow serum was what my skin needed.
As I say, I am all about the natural dewy look and that is exactly what this product gives. When my skin feels tired and dull I know that I can rely on this, even after those sleepless nights after scrolling my phone at silly hours of the night.
Overtime (I'd say it took about 2-3 weeks to notice), the Super Glow brightens your skin, evens out skin tone and creates a 'lit-from-within' complexion that lasts and lasts, as long as you stick to using it.
I use it every morning, when I remember to, and this has kept my skin feeling and looking brighter and more awake. Although its classed as a serum, it has a very watery texture, which means you need a minimal amount as it spreads so easily and absorbs into the skin leaving no residue. I'm now yet to try the other two sisters of The Supers squad – a pact of three super concentrated serums that work to strengthen your skin and attend to its needs.
Glossier, it's time to try some more. Shop the range here.
Has anyone got any recommendations I have to try asap?
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At Standard Foundation schools we recognize that to be successful learners, we need to develop children's emotional intelligence and self-esteem. Hence we encourage the children to develop their personal qualities. We aim to enable the children to become successful learners who:
- -Believe in themselves and others.
- -Take risks and dare to make difference.
- -Have courage and faith.
- -Reflects and think critically.
- -Transit from primary to secondary academy.
We aim to enable children to become creative thinking who: - Communicate - Reason - Reflect - Apply - Imagine
This academy comprises of Grade 1 – 5 with teachers that have right attitude to work and a conducive environment, learning is made easy. Classrooms are well equipped with teaching and learning materials. The classrooms are not over crowded to make teachers give proper attention to learners and aid effective teaching and learning.
The Crèche academy is fun. It offers day-care services that run within the hours of 8am – 12noon from Monday to Friday. There are lots of toys to play with, cradles or sleeping, cartoon, conducive and well ventilated atmosphere. The babysitters and caregivers are second to none.
This comprises of Pre-Nursery, Nursery 1 and 2. The classrooms are well equipped for learning and fun, with teachers and caregivers giving their best to aid learning and proper up bring of the pupils. The Nursery academy runs within the hours of 8am – 1pm, Monday to Thursday and 8am – 12noon on Friday.


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Tacos. Everywhere.
That sounds dirty…
M: Ok this entire taco situation recently is starting to drive me mildly crazy. I know they're all the rage. The last issue of Food Network Magazine has a taco night theme. Real Simple has an entire taco section. I know that they can be quite delish, my sister introduced me to tacos with tilapia, but I just can't get fully into it. At the end of the day it's a glorified sandwich with an ethnic kick. WHY all of a sudden are they served in every restaurant as if they were the chef's miracle? HOW can they be considered an entire concept to base restaurants off of? Too much.
A: UM, not too much! Well maybe the magazines are being slightly too trendy and the repeat exposure is peeving, but I don't mind them being everywhere in restaurants. They're delicious. A well-made sandwich with some variety is yummy, and it's the variety that makes them all the rage. It's like having all mac and cheese restaurants with crazy flavor combos that make you warm and happy inside. Sis, you're hating hard! I may order a taco the next time we go out to dinner just to spite you. Muahahahaha.
photo source: Food Network


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Birmingham Public Library
East Lake Branch Library (205) 836-3341
#5 Oporto-Madrid Blvd. S.
Birmingham, AL 35206
|Hours: Mon.-Sat. 9-1 & 2-6; Sun. closed
|Holiday Hours/ Days Closed
|Directions: I-59 North to exit #131 turn south. Continue across 1st Av North. Library 1/2 block on right.
Map of Libraries
|Library Catalog
|Contact the Branch Head


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The London Stock Exchange (LSE) announced this week it had delayed the opening of an office in Moscow, planned for this year, following a drought of IPO issuance from the country."Plans to open an office in Russia remain under consideration," an LSE spokeswoman said. "For the time ...
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When to go back
Returning to work if you've had to take time off for cancer treatment can feel like a big step forward. But it's important not to rush it – and not to expect too much of yourself, too soon. Where reasonable, your employer has a duty to make changes to help you do your job during and after treatment (as long as you've told them about your diagnosis). So when you feel ready, talk to your boss, your doctors or your clinical nurse specialist about what's possible, and ease yourself back in gently.
Telling your boss
Legally, you don't have to tell your employer if you've been diagnosed with cancer. But if you don't tell them, they don't have any obligation to make reasonable adjustments to help you.
Reasonable adjustments can include things like giving you time off to go to hospital or doctor's appointments, giving you extra breaks and letting you return to work gradually. These are all covered under the Equality Act, which classifies everyone with cancer as disabled (even though you might not think of yourself as disabled). The Disability Discrimination Act covers people in Northern Ireland.
Once you've told your employer about your diagnosis, it's also illegal for them to discriminate against you. So think carefully if you're not planning on letting them know.
Tips for going back
You might find you get tired more easily at first or sometimes struggle to concentrate. Try not to worry – that's totally normal. It can help to:
- Go back part time. You could talk to your boss about working fewer days or shorter shifts.
- Take your breaks. Make sure you don't miss them – and relax when you have them.
- Adjust your routine. Ask if you can arrange your day around the times you feel at your best.
- Be honest if you're struggling. Your boss might be obliged to make reasonable adjustments to help you succeed.
- Go easy on yourself. It takes time to recover from cancer and cancer treatment, so listen to your body and don't stress if you can't do everything you used to straightaway.
The people you work with will probably be curious about your treatment and how you're feeling, so it's worth thinking about how much you want to let them know. You might want to talk to everyone together, or you could speak to a few people and ask them to let others know.
Looking for work
Searching for a new job is tricky at the best of times. After you've had cancer it can seem even trickier. But if you're qualified and physically able to work, there's no reason that having had cancer should stop you landing the job you want.
In fact, there are very few reasons that an employer can question your health in an interview. It's OK for employers to ask about your health to check if you're able to complete a task that's fundamental to the role, or to make sure the recruitment process isn't discriminating against anyone, or to help them take 'positive action' (which might mean, for instance, improving their recruitment of people with disabilities).
But it's up to you how much you tell any potential employer. Try and resist any temptation to be dishonest, though – false answers have a habit of coming back to haunt you in the future.
And remember that, while you might not think of yourself as disabled, the Equality Act and the Discrimination Act consider everyone with cancer to be disabled. So if you're asked if you're disabled, you should say yes, even if it doesn't feel quite right.
Look out for the 'positive about disabled people' symbol on job ads. If you meet the basic conditions for the job, you'll definitely be asked in for an interview.
My Plus Students is an organisation that offers specialist careers advice to students who have a disability or long-term health condition (including cancer). Youy can register with them for jobhunting tips, legal advice and information about companies who are committed to employing people with disabilities.
Changing career
A lot of people decide to try something different after going through cancer treatment. It can change your perspective and make you feel like the path you were on might not have been the path for you. If you're feeling like that, make sure you take time to think about your options.
This could be the start of something brilliant, but there's no rush. Take time to think about what you really want to do. Chat to your friends and family. And then start shaping your future – exactly how you want it to be.


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There is speculation on a regular basis that Joe Biden could challenge Trump in 2020. According to this, we're talking about it again. By the way, Joe Biden will be 75 this year. Astounding for a group of people who seem to dislike old white men.
I'm not real sure what's going on with the democrats these days, but every time you turn around they have someone else who is going to save the party. Maxine Waters (yeah, no, really). Elizabeth Warren. Bernie Sanders. Now Joe Biden.
Stay vigilant, folks. We all know the left expects the right to do and be things they themselves are not willing to do. They refuse to accept the results of a legal election. They are making excuses for their own failures. They are accusing us of doing what they themselves are doing (restricting free speech, for example).
Next week they'll have yet another savior of their party. Anyone want to wager a guess to who they'll pick?


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Black Stripe Print Halter Puff Sleeve Crop TopSKU: 027052
DescriptionPull off the 90's look every time with this chic top. This piece features stripes printed, halter neckline, puff sleeves. Pair with a midi skirt and killer heels for a lust worthy evening outfit to get those hearts racing.
Fabric: Polyester
Neckline: Halter
Sleeve Length: Half Sleeve
Embellishment: Printed
Pattern: Stripe
Style: Casual
Size Chart(Inch) S M L Bust 33.9 35.4 37 Length 11 11.4 11.8 Sleeve 6.7 7.1 7.5 Waist 26 27.6 29.1 Size Chart(CM) S M L Bust 86 90 94 Length 28 29 30 Sleeve 17 18 19 Waist 66 70 74
The dimensions data from the measurement of the product, "click here" to see the measuring methods details, and allow 1-2cm (0.4-0.8") differences due to manual measurement, thanks.
Actual fabric colors may vary slightly from online colors due to variations in screen color settings.
30 Days Return + Shipping PolicyShipping & Delivery
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Note: In orders with more than one item, the processing time will be based on the item with the longest processing time.
We will prepare your order after it have verified. Such as: strict quality control, arrange the suitable carriers.Return Policy
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The No. 10 ranked Barton Community College Wrestling team rolled through fellow conference opponents Tuesday night, as the Cougars sent off their sophomores with a sweep of three matches in their lone meet of the season. Barton opened up the action with a 55-0 shutout over an outmanned Colby Community College squad before taking nine of the final weight classes against Cowley College for a dominating 48-6 win. The Cougars' final dual of the evening was a battle of nationally ranked teams as Barton won six of the ten matches for a 28-13 victory over No. 14 ranked Northwest Kansas Technical College. The Cougars will next compete this Sunday in the Kansas Cup beginning at 9:00 a.m. held at Newman University in Wichita, Kansas.
Barton's victories ran the Cougars dual record to 7-1 in outscoring its opponents 262-119. No. 2 ranked Kade Sander ran his dual record unbeaten mark to 8-0 while brother No. 5 ranked Keaton Sander and No. 5 David Kelly have just one loss in duals with 6-1 and 7-1 records respectively.
Barton shuts out undermanned Colby 55-0 (Complete Results)
The Cougars received five forfeited victories against the Trojans while back pinning three other matches in the first period of the big victory. Andres Duron (125), No. 2 ranked Kade Sander (157), and No. 5 ranked David Kelly (174) earned six points each in the falls, while Gage Gomez rolled up a 12-4 major decision for four additional team points. The match of the dual came at the 133 weight division as No. 5 ranked Keaton Sander trailed 1-0 to the Trojans' Chris Deters into the third period but an early period penalty against Deters tied the match up. With time winding down in the match, Sander's reversal was the deciding points before a late Deters escape was not enough as the Great Bend freshman came away with the 3-2 win.
Cougars take ten unanswered victories in 48-6 win over Cowley (Complete Results)
The Tigers took just one of the ten matches, getting off to a 6-0 start as Marcelino Lopez caught Andres Duron early on for a twenty second fall. Gomez piled up the points in a 18-9 major decision in the 141 with Ke. Sander giving the Cougars the lead earning his second victory of the year in a 8-2 decision over Cowley's Justice Circle. Following Emmanuel Perralta earning a 10-7 decision, Barton rolled through the remaining six weight classes with Ka. Sander getting his second pin of the night and Ethan Dean (197) and No. 8 Brix Brickey earning their first competitive victory of the night as each ended their matches on first period back pinnings. Gage McBride (165) and Trent Miles (184) also made the most of their first competitive matches, as McBride piled up a 16-3 major decision while Miles' followed up Kelly's 174 victory by an identical 18-0 technical fall.
In exhibition matches, Barton also came on top in both as Kelton Suchy came through with a first period fall with Keegan Pride earning a hard fought 2-0 victory.
Barton wins battle of nationally ranked teams in 28-13 win over Northwest Tech (Complete Results)
Duron bounced back from his early loss in the previous match to the Cougars out to a 3-0 lead with a 7-2 decision over Northwest Tech's John Kuhan. No. 3 ranked Muuji Bat-Erdene would even the dual but it wouldn't be easy as Gomez' third period rally fell short in a 8-5 score. Ke. Sander put Barton out to a four point lead with a 10-2 major decision in the ensuing match but Perralta's third period rally fell also fell on short in a 5-4 decision.
Barton would take the next three matches as Ka. Sander and Kelly each pinned their Maverick opponents in the first period. Sandwiched between the matches was a tight 165 division match with McBride getting a second period escape and takedown for a 3-0 win.
With Barton leading 22-6 going into the 184 division, a crazy match ensued with the Cougars' Miles and the Mavericks' Joseph White. Miles took the early lead getting a take down and a four point near fall before White could escape. White began the second period on bottom, getting a reversal but Miles pulled his own reversal to build the lead back to five. Again White came back, getting an escape then connected on a takedown as Miles clung to an 8-6 edge but was outscored 6-3 in the final period to drop the match 12-11.
Dean received a forfeit in the 197 to clinch the dual headed to a battle of nationally ranked wrestlers for 285 division bragging rights. The Mavericks' No. 3 ranked Odgerel Batkhishig jumped out to an 8-3 first period, tacking on a second period escape, before handling the Cougars' No. 8 Brickey with a 17-5 major decision making the final dual tally a 28-13 Barton win.
The five-team eight-match Cougar Duals came to a conclusion with a 285 exhibition match as Pride picked up his second victory of the day getting a late takedown to increase his final margin to 4-0.
Other Cougar Dual Results:
Cowley def Colby 45-9
#14 NW Kansas Technical def #21 Pratt 28-21
#14 NW Kansas Technical def Cowley 26-21
#21 Pratt def Colby 45-9
#21 Pratt def Cowley 30-17


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After 16+ hours of travel from Portland, a group of 18 Central Catholic students and 3 chaperones arrived in the Dominican Republic early in the morning of July 24th. We stopped at a hotel near the airport to catch a few hours of sleep before heading off to our final, court building destination – the community of Los Guineos. Los Guineos is a small village of about 300 people on Laguna Limon; it's located about 11 miles east of Miches (if you haven't heard about this area of the country, you will. Within the next few years, it's poised to be another hotspot of Dominican tourism, hopefully of the inclusive and sustainable kind).
When the bus pulled up to the elementary school in Los Guineos, our home for the next week, the games and community interaction began almost immediately. The balls brought by Cental Catholic were pumped up and right away started to get kicked, volleyed and bounced around! Despite the language barrier, laughter, smiles and competition filled the air.
A few hours later, when the materials starting arriving, we got to work – there was a lot of land prep to be done before we could even start laying cement. Carrying buckets of sand, gravel and fill from the front of the school to the construction site was a routine that continued for a few days. Between truck loads, at meal times and after work, we took time out to play games, build friendships and explore the community.
Despite not having a cement mixer, but with a lot of volunteer labor from the community, we finished the land prep and the laying the court floor in 4 days! As Hunter put it, "it was extremely satisfying seeing all of our hard work pay off." While we waiting for the welder to finish up the basketball column and backboard, we were able to enjoy some of the natural beauty in the area – we went to the top of Montaña Redonda, spent a few hours at Playa Esmeralda, and kayaked and boated to Playa Limon.
On our last day in Los Guineos, we put in the basketball columns and cemented the volleyball tubes in tires. While we waited for the backboard to dry in place, we hung out on the court – talking, laughing, hitting around a volleyball. Once the sun went down and the stars came out, the dance party began! Community members taught the Central Catholic group how to dance bachata and merangue and the group from Portland showed off some of their own dance moves. Before heading out on Thursday morning, we signed the backboard and sunk a few baskets on the new court!
"The most difficult part about going home is having to say goodbye to the kids in the town. We all created close relationships and the idea that I would never see my friends again broke my heart. I don't want to leave the locals and their community because they made us feel so close to them." – Fiona Lindsey
"I learned that I don't need many things to live. For one week I lived out of one suitcase. I didn't have the luxuries I live with at home and I found out that I don't need them to survive." – Eilise Shannon
"I learned a lot, especially from the kids. They taught me that there is always a way to have fun. Whether it had to do with hand games or games with random objects, they always seem to turn it into a game. They taught me to value what I have in the US." – Marina Ramirez Egan
"This trip truly taught me that the things I have at home that I thought were normal are all actually a huge luxury here, simple things like drinkable water to flushing toilet paper. It has not only given me a new perspective but also taught me that the things I thought were "necessary" to life are really not at all." – Natalie Hansen
"I think these trips are so important and everyone should try and help one another even if you don't speak the same language. The world is so big but it can become small if we chose to help and connect with one another. A group from Portland, Oregon and Los Guineos, Dominican Republic became inseparable in a matter of a week. I truly believe that could happen with anyone if they let it." – Kendall Kriska
"All in all this is seriously the most amazing experience I have ever had and probably will ever have. I am so incredibly grateful to have gotten this opportunity, our group was amazing … I absolutely loved it and will remember it for the rest of my life. " – Alexandra Hallman
"The most difficult part of going home was leaving the community because of the close connections that I made with the locals. I will miss their presence and they affected me in a way that makes me want to see what they can accomplish and what they do with their lives. I also will miss living in a community that is so close and looks out for each other in a way unique to them and one that I can't experience at home." – Kai Henderson
"Watching the kids interact and play around daily brought me so much happiness. I specifically remember walking down to the lagoon one day and Leodi and Norberto climbing trees, chasing cows and doing flips down the road. They just live so fully in every moment and do not have a strict schedule or anything to worry about. Being a part of the Los Guineos community for the past week has really taught me how important it is to not rush through life and really embrace every moment. It has also taught me how simply we can really live. Throughout this entire experience, the biggest thing I learned about the world was how people come from a variety of different backgrounds, cultures and ways of life but despite all that, humans have a special connection." –Ashley Laber
"I felt like the trip changed me because I feel more confident in my Spanish and also in myself. It felt really empowering to just be working hard for the entire trip. I felt stronger and happier at the end of the trip and I felt more worldly. I was definitely impacted by this trip in a good way." – Sydney Spencer