text:
Northwest Arkansas
Northwest Arkansas
|Fayetteville–Springdale–Rogers MSA
Historic downtown Rogers
Northwest Arkansas, AR-MO Metropolitan Statistical Area
|Coordinates: 36°4′35″N 94°9′39″W / 36.07639°N 94.16083°WCoordinates: 36°4′35″N 94°9′39″W / 36.07639°N 94.16083°W
|United States
|Largest cities
|Other Municipalities
|Bella Vista
Elm Springs
Siloam Springs
|• Total
|3,213.01 sq mi (8,321.7 km2)
|• Total
|525,032 [1] (105th)
|• Density
|153/sq mi (59/km2)
|Time zone
|UTC−6 (Central Time Zone (CST))
|• Summer (DST)
|Area code(s)
|Highest elevation 2515 ft/767 m
Lowest elevation 800 ft/244 m (sea level) at Beaver Lake.
|Part of a series on
|Regions of Arkansas
Geographic Regions
Administrative divisions
Northwest Arkansas (NWA, officially designated by the United States Census Bureau as the Fayetteville–Springdale–Rogers Metropolitan Statistical Area) includes Fayetteville, Springdale, Rogers, and Bentonville, the third, fourth, eighth and tenth largest cities in Arkansas. These cities are located within Benton and Washington counties; NWA also includes Madison County, Arkansas.
As per the 2016 United States Census Bureau estimates, NWA is the 105th largest metropolitan statistical area in the U.S. (525,032 residents)[2] and the 22nd fastest growing in the United States. The MSA covers 3,213.01 sq mi (8,322 km2), located within the Boston Mountains and Springfield Plateau subsets of The Ozarks.
Northwest Arkansas doubled in population between 1990 and 2010. Growth has been driven by the three Fortune 500 companies based in NWA: Walmart, Tyson Foods, and J.B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc., as well as over 1,300 suppliers and vendors drawn to the region by these large businesses and NWA's business climate. The region has also seen significant investment in amenities, including the Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, the Walmart AMP, and the NWA Razorback Regional Greenway.
- 1 Etymology
- 2 Geography
- 3 Culture and contemporary life
- 4 Demographics
- 5 Economy
- 6 Human resources
- 7 Infrastructure
- 8 See also
- 9 Notes
- 10 References
The term "Northwest Arkansas" is commonly used to refer to the rapidly growing cities of Benton and Washington counties in the geographic corner of the state. Northwest Arkansas, often abbreviated NWA, has become known as a cohesive region due to the efforts of the Northwest Arkansas Council, an association of community and business leaders formally organized in 1990 to promote regionalization and cooperation among area stakeholders. The first major initiative using the region's name was the Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport (often referred to by its IATA airport code, XNA), which opened in 1998. Other regional ventures include the Northwest Arkansas Community College (NWACC), the Northwest Arkansas Naturals minor-league baseball team, and the Northwest Arkansas Razorback Regional Greenway 36 miles (58 km) hard-surface trail.
The region is also sometimes known as "the 479" after the telephone area code that serves the region, though the Fort Smith metro also uses the 479 area code.[4] Occasionally, the Fort Smith metro is included in "Northwest Arkansas", though it is within the geographically distinct Arkansas River Valley region and separated from the subject region by the sparsely populated Boston Mountains.
Northwest Arkansas is located in the Southern United States. It is within the Upper South, characterized by the Ozarks. The southern part of NWA is a high and deeply dissected plateau, full of sparsely populated oak-hickory forest, separating the region from the Arkansas River Valley to the south. The United States Census Bureau definition includes Benton, Washington, and Madison counties in Arkansas. Until 2018, the Census Bureau also included McDonald County, Missouri
Most of the region is within the White River watershed, with western portions within the Illinois River watershed.
Fayetteville is the county seat of Washington County and home to the University of Arkansas. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 76,899.[5] The city is the third most populous in Arkansas and serves as the county seat of Washington County. It's also known for Dickson Street, perhaps the most prominent entertainment district in the state of Arkansas, which itself contains the Walton Arts Center. Blocks from Dickson Street is the Fayetteville Historic Square, which hosts the nation's number one ranked Fayetteville's Farmer's Market.[6] Fayetteville was also ranked 8th on Forbes Magazine's Top 10 Best Places in America for Business and Careers in 2007.[7] Business insider named Fayetteville the 2nd best place to live in the South in 2016.
Springdale is a city in Washington and Benton Counties. According to the 2010 census, the population of the city is 73,123. Springdale is currently Arkansas's fourth-largest city, behind Little Rock, Fort Smith, and Fayetteville. Springdale is the location of the headquarters of Tyson Foods Inc., the largest meat producing company in the world, and has been dubbed the "Chicken Capital of the World" by several publications. In 2008, the Wichita Wranglers of AA minor league baseball's Texas League moved to Springdale and play in Arvest Ballpark as the Northwest Arkansas Naturals.
Rogers is a city in Benton County. As of the 2010 census, the city is the eighth most populous in the state, with a total population of 58,895. Rogers is famous as the location of the first Wal-Mart. In June 2007, BusinessWeek magazine ranked Rogers 18th in the 25 best affordable suburbs in the South. In 2010, CNN Money magazine ranked Rogers as the 10th Best Place to Live in the United States. Two of the city's biggest attractions are the outdoor concert venue the Walmart AMP and the open air shopping mall the Pinnacle Hills Promenade. The city is the home town of American country music singer/songwriter Joe Nichols, and Marty Perry, as well as David Noland. It is also where comedian Will Rogers married Betty Blake.
Bentonville is the county seat of Benton County. At the 2010 census, the population was 38,284, up from 20,308 in 2000 ranking it as the state's 10th largest city. It is home to the headquarters of Walmart, which is the largest retailer in the world, and Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art. Crystal Bridges, founded by Sam Walton's daughter Alice Walton and designed by world-renowned architect Moshe Safdie, is home to some of America's finest works of art as well as Frank Lloyd Wright's Bachman-Wilson House[8]. Southern Living magazine recently cited Bentonville as "the South's next cultural mecca."[9]
NWA is located within the Ozark Mountains, a deeply dissected plateau within the U.S. Interior Highlands, the largest mountainous region between the Appalachians and the Rocky Mountains. Although the topography varies widely within the region, the Ozark geology is present throughout. Roughly at Fayetteville, the geology splits between the Boston Mountains to the south and the Springfield Plateau to the north. The Ouachita orogeny exposed the older limestones of the Springfield Plateau, resulting in a softer terrain, while the Boston Mountains retained steep, sharp grade changes. The Ozarks are covered by an oak-hickory-pine forest, with large portions of protected forestland remaining NWA. Approximately 25% of this forest has been cleared for development and agricultural uses.[10]
Most of NWA is within the White River watershed, with the western portions being contained within the Illinois River watershed.
Within NWA, the White River is impounded at several locations, the most important of which is at Beaver Dam, forming the 13,700 acres (5,500 ha) Beaver Lake. This reservoir was created in the 1960s for flood control, recreational, and energy production uses. It also serves as the water supply for most of NWA, with Beaver Water District treating potable water and selling it directly to the four largest NWA municipalities.
The Illinois River watershed is a sensitive watershed that has been the subject of controversy within the area for many years. The phosphorus load of the Illinois has been subject of controversy, eventually resulting in litigation between Oklahoma and Arkansas reaching the United States Supreme Court in 1992. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified the Illinois as Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act, listing it as an "impaired and threatened water" due to the high phosphorus loads.[11]
The Northwest Arkansas region is known for its natural environment, and outdoor recreation.[citation needed] Devil's Den State Park, located outside of Fayetteville in West Fork, Arkansas, is a park with facilities for camping, climbing, fishing, caves, trails, and hiking through the Ozark Mountains. The park is located just off Highway 74.
The most popular[citation needed] water destination is Beaver Lake. Beaver Lake has approximately 487 miles (784 km) of natural shoreline, with limestone bluffs, natural caves, and a variety of trees and flowering shrubs. Paved access roads wind through twelve developed parks, all of which have campsites offering electricity, fire rings, drinking water, showers, and restrooms.[citation needed] Other facilities, such as picnic sites, swimming beaches, hiking trails, boat launch ramps, and sanitary dump stations are also available.
The Botanical Garden of the Ozarks opened in 2007, and includes seasonal plantings in a small area, a wildflower meadow, a lakeside hiking trail, and a self-guided tree identification tour.
State parks and areas[edit]
The region contains three state parks. Hobbs State Park - Conservation Area, the largest state park in Arkansas, is jointly managed by the Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism, Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission, and the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission. Devil's Den State Park is a popular hiking and camping destination near Winslow. Prairie Grove Battlefield State Park preserves the history of the Civil War Battle of Prairie Grove.
The three-county region also contains two natural areas, Garrett Hollow Natural Area, Sweden Creek Natural Area, and four wildlife management areas (Beaver Lake WMA, McIlroy Madison County WMA, Wedington WMA, White Rock WMA).
Culture and contemporary life[edit]
Art and entertainment[edit]
The Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art in Bentonville opened in 2011.[12] The museum, funded by Sam Walton's daughter, Alice Walton, and designed by world-renowned architect Moshe Safdie, is home to a permanent collection of works, as well as rotating exhibits throughout the year. The Walton Arts Center is Arkansas' largest performing arts center. It is located in Fayetteville near the campus of the University of Arkansas and serves as a cultural center for the Northwest Arkansas area. The theater was opened in 1992 and was funded largely by the Walton family (of Wal-Mart). The center is host to many musicals, plays, and other artistic and educational events throughout the year. The Walton Arts Center is also home to the Symphony of Northwest Arkansas, currently under the direction of Paul Haas.[13]
TheatreSquared is Northwest Arkansas's regional professional theatre. Its four-play season and annual Arkansas New Play Fest are attended by an audience of 22,000, including educational outreach program to approximately 10,000 students and their teachers. The company was recognized by the American Theatre Wing in 2011 as one of the nation's ten most promising emerging theatres.
The Arts Center of the Ozarks is the region's oldest community theatre. Since its inception in 1967, the ACO has grown from a small arts organization into a cultural center of regional significance. Located in downtown Springdale, the ACO offers a full season of mainstage plays and musicals, children's programs, visual arts exhibits, and classes in a variety of creative outlets.
The Bentonville square features the Wal-Mart Visitors Center. Located in Sam Walton's original Bentonville variety store, the Wal-Mart Visitors Center traces the origin and growth of Wal-Mart. The center was created as an educational and informative facility as well as a museum.
Dickson Street and the surrounding area in downtown Fayetteville is the main entertainment district of the region, located just off the University of Arkansas campus. The area is dense with restaurants, bars, and shops. Dickson Street is home to the Walton Arts Center, the Bikes, Blues, and BBQ Festival, and many parades.
Depending on the source, Fayetteville's Bikes, Blues, and BBQ Festival is the third to fifth largest motorcycle rally in the United States. The festival drew 350,000 visitors in 2006 and 75,000–100,000 bikes. The festival includes live bands, a parade, a bike show, bike giveaway, and barbecue contest, among other events.[14]
Since 1974, the Dogwood Festival has brought around 30,000 people to Siloam Springs and its parks for a 3-day event. Food, crafts, entertainment, flea market items, and KidZone activities make for a fun day for all ages. Held the weekend of the last Sunday in April each year.[15]
In 2009, the City of Fayetteville began assisting in the sponsorship of All Out June, Northwest Arkansas' pride festival for the LGBT community. The event is considered Arkansas' largest, and is organized by the NWA Center for Equality and the NWA Pride Parade Organization.
In 2015, Bentonville began hosting the Bentonville Film Festival the first week of May. Over 85,000 attendees take part in this week-long event.[16]
The sporting scene is large in Northwest Arkansas, primarily due to the presence of the University of Arkansas Razorbacks, Arkansas' most successful, followed, and loved sports teams. The Razorbacks have a huge economic impact on the area, drawing fans from every corner of the state during football, basketball, and baseball seasons.
The Razorbacks currently field 19 total men's and women's varsity teams (8 men's and 11 women's) in 13 sports. The men's varsity teams are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, tennis, and indoor and outdoor track and field; the 11 women's varsity teams are basketball, cross country, golf, gymnastics, soccer, swimming and diving, indoor and outdoor track, tennis, softball and volleyball. The Razorbacks compete in NCAA Division I (Division I FBS in football) and are currently members of the Southeastern Conference (Western Division).
Facilities include: Reynolds Razorback Stadium, Bud Walton Arena, Baum Stadium, Randal Tyson Indoor Track Center, and the John McDonnell Outdoor Track.
In early 2008, Northwest Arkansas welcomed a Double-A minor league baseball team, formerly known as the Wichita Wranglers, to Springdale, where they became the Northwest Arkansas Naturals. The Naturals play at the newly completed Arvest Ballpark.
|Region compared to State & U.S.
|2010 Census[17][18]
|Total population
|Population change, 2000 to 2010
|Population density (people/sqmi)
|Median household income (2016)[19]
|Bachelor's degree or higher[20]
|Foreign born (2016)
|White (non-Hispanic)
|Hispanic (any race)
Northwest Arkansas is the second-largest population center in the state, behind Central Arkansas. The two regions rank as 104th and 78th nationally by population, respectively. The region is the fastest-growing in the state, and the 15th fastest-growing in the United States, with a 16.03% growth rate between 2010 and 2017.[21] Rather than a central city with suburbs model, Northwest Arkansas emerged as a unified region as small, disconnected cities grew and amalgamated over time. Thus, the official Census Bureau name Fayetteville–Springdale–Rogers Metropolitan Statistical Area does not reflect traditional "Fayetteville as a principal city, with Springdale and Rogers as suburbs" model; rather a listing of the three largest cities in the region at the time of naming.[22]
Over half of Northwest Arkansas's population resides within the largest four cities, Fayetteville, Springdale, Rogers, and Bentonville, with each having demographic characteristics congruent with its largest employer. Fayetteville, home to the University of Arkansas, contains the highest proportion of adults over 25 with a bachelor's degree or higher, at 44.8%, significantly above the other communities, and in line with major metropolitan areas. Bentonville, home to white-collar workers at the Walmart Home Office and the ancillary vendor community, has the highest per-capita income in the region.[22] Springdale and Rogers contain significant manufacturing and construction industries, and a corresponding high percentage of Blue-collar workers and major foreign-born populations.[23] Over 10% of businesses in Springdale and Rogers are Hispanic-owned.[22]
Approximately half of Northwest Arkansas residents are transplants from a different state or country.
|Benton County[24]
|Washington County[25]
|McDonald County[26]
|Madison County[27]
|Northwest Arkansas
Race and ethnicity[edit]
The region is less diverse than Arkansas and United States averages, with a 1.9% black population accounting for much of the proportional difference. The national trends of an increasing non-white proportion of the population and migration from rural areas to urban areas has also been seen in Northwest Arkansas and statewide since the 1990s, though the non-white population growth has lagged national averages.[28] Historically, the northwestern half of the state was predominantly settled by whites in small farms for subsistence agriculture due to the hilly terrain and rocky soils, rather than the slave-intensive labor of plantation agriculture typical in the fertile and flat Arkansas Delta.[29]
Northwest Arkansas institutions have placed different priority on diversity within the region. University of Arkansas Chancellor John A. White designated diversity the top institutional goal in 2010, seeking to create a campus community in line with state and national averages.[30] The Northwest Arkansas Council listed "Promote racial, cultural, and ethnic diversity in Northwest Arkansas" last among priority placemaking objectives within the 2015 strategic plan.[31]
The city of Gentry has a dense community of Hmong Americans, many resettled by the United States after the North Vietnamese invasion of Laos and subsequent Indochina Migration and Refugee Assistance Act.[32] Hmong National Development, a subsidiary of Hmong American Partnership, has an office in Fayetteville and Fairview, Missouri, one county north of the official Northwest Arkansas boundary. Gentry School District was the epicenter of cultural conflicts among Hmong, Hispanic, and white residents in the early 2000s.[33]
A 2016 study of blacks and Hispanics in Arkansas cities found median incomes rising for blacks and declining for Hispanics in Bentonville.[34]
Sexual orientation and gender identity[edit]
The Northwest Arkansas Center for Equality has sponsored the Northwest Arkansas Pride parade since 2006. The parade runs from the Fayetteville Historic Square down Dickson Street in Fayetteville.[35] A state poll in 2017 showed 84% of Arkansans believe LGBT residents should have equal employment rights, and 78% believing equal rights to housing should be afforded. Arkansan support for equal treatment in adoptions (43%), and gay marriage (35%), were significantly below national averages, 61% and 64%, respectively.[36] Arkansas is one of three states which does not prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity.[37] Fayetteville and Eureka Springs have recently worked to provide legal protections for LGBT residents. Fayetteville has worked legislatively and through the court system since 2014 to establish protections for LGBT residents in the city.
The Fayetteville City Council passed Ordinance 119 in August 2014 by a 6-2 vote at 3:20 am, after an extended public comment period, which included testimony from LGBT residents who had encountered discrimination.[38] Ordinance 119 extended protections, including against termination and eviction, and created a Civil Rights Commission to investigate violations. An opposition group gathered enough signatures to put repealing the ordinance to the voters of Fayetteville, who repealed the ordinance by a 52-48% margin.[39] The City Council put a similar measure, the Uniform Civil Rights Protection Ordinance 5781, to a public vote in September 2015, which passed 53-47%.[40] In the interim, Republican State Senator Bart Hester, who represents northwestern Benton County in Northwest Arkansas, proposed the Intrastate Commerce Improvement Act in response to the Fayetteville Ordinance, which prohibited municipalities in Arkansas from creating new protected classes in Arkansas.[41] The Arkansas General Assembly passed the act, known as Act 137.[42] In February 2017, the Arkansas Supreme Court declared Ordinance 5781 unconstitutional for violating Act 137, but did not rule on the act's constitutionality, which has been questioned.[40] The ruling drew national attention to Arkansas, and comparisons to HB 2 in North Carolina.[37]
Northwest Arkansas' All Out June, a pride festival for its LGBT community, is considered Arkansas' largest, and is organized by the NWA Center for Equality and the NWA Pride Parade Organization.
As of the census[43] of 2000, there were 347,045 people, 131,939 households, and 92,888 families residing within the MSA. The racial makeup of the MSA was 89.70% White, 1.22% African American, 1.53% Native American, 1.19% Asian, 0.29% Pacific Islander, 4.03% from other races, and 2.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.32% of the population. Over the past decade or more, Northwest Arkansas has been one of the fastest growing regions in the South.
The median income for a household in the MSA was $32,469, and the median income for a family was $38,118. Males had a median income of $27,025 versus $20,295 for females. The per capita income for the MSA was $16,159.
Booming prosperity accompanying a tremendous increase in the area's population has made Northwest Arkansas a recognized economic success. Many migrants come from Northeast Arkansas, South-Central Arkansas, and North Central Arkansas, to work in this booming area. The area is now seeking residents from places like Southwest Arkansas, and even Southeast Arkansas. The state's population grew 13.7 percent between 1990 and 2000, but the two-county metropolitan statistical area accounted for one-third of that growth. Benton and Washington counties grew 47 percent between 1990 and 2000. Almost all of the people who moved to those counties then were from California, Oklahoma, Missouri, Kansas, Texas and other parts of Arkansas.[44] Estimates put the two-county population at roughly 373,055 by December 2004. Even during national economic turmoil, Northwest Arkansas has experienced 8.2 percent job growth. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in February 2008 the Northwest Arkansas region as a whole had an unemployment rate of 4.1%.[45] This unemployment rate gave Northwest Arkansas a rank of 41 out of 369 metropolitan areas in the United States. Per capita income in Northwest Arkansas is $31,191, according to the most recent figures from the United States Census Bureau.[46] This is approximately $7,000 below the average per capita income.[46]
Bentonville is world-renowned as a retail capital of the world, as it is headquarters to Wal-Mart Stores Incorporated. Springdale is home to Fortune 75 company Tyson Foods, the world's leading producer of poultry and beef, and second-largest producer of pork. J.B. Hunt Transport Services in Lowell, is the nation's largest publicly owned truckload carrier, with international networks in Canada and Mexico.
The region has been noted for income inequality, as rapid growth and inflow of professionals have come to a historically poor region in a poor state. Multinational companies have struggled to find a local workforce with the education, skills, and talent large enough to fuel the growing headcounts. The result has been a large number of transplants moving to the area from larger metropolitan areas in pursuit of jobs and amenities at a lower cost of living.[47] Wealthy enclaves such as Pinnacle in Rogers and amenities built to cater to transplants to the area have transformed the economies and cultures of Northwest Arkansas's formerly small, quiet towns.[48]
Human resources[edit]
Northwest Arkansas has a strong tradition of education. Cane Hill College was founded in western Washington County in 1834; the first college in Arkansas, and Arkansas College was founded in Fayetteville in 1850.[a] Though both colleges are now defunct, these institutions laid the groundwork for establishing the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville in 1871, today the largest and best-known university in the state. Seven of the top ten school districts in Arkansas are within Benton or Washington counties, including Haas Hall Academy, a top 100 high school nationwide.[49]
As of July 2016, 85.3% of Northwest Arkansas residents over age 25 held a high school degree or higher and 30.9% holding a bachelor's degree or higher. The Northwest Arkansas rates are above Arkansas averages of 84.8% and 21.1%, and near national averages of 86.7% and 29.8%, respectively.[b]
Primary and secondary education[edit]
Northwest Arkansas public school districts range from small, rural districts to some of the largest districts in the state. Among the four large cities, each district contains two high schools, with the exception of Fayetteville Public Schools: Bentonville and Bentonville West, Rogers and Rogers Heritage, and Springdale and Springdale Har-Ber. These schools, combined with Fayetteville (and Van Buren from the Arkansas River Valley) constitute the 7A West Conference for athletics, the largest class in the state. The region's growth has led to many new schools throughout the region, including high schools. Rogers Heritage High School was established in 2008, Rogers New Technology High School, and Bentonville West High School opened in 2014.
There are also several private, charter, parochial, and secular schools, including Shiloh Christian School in Springdale.
Higher education[edit]
- University of Arkansas
- The University of Arkansas (UA) is a public co-educational land-grant university. It is the flagship campus of the University of Arkansas System and is located in Fayetteville, Arkansas. It is noted for its strong architecture, agriculture (particularly poultry science), creative writing, and business programs. Sports are also important to the university, as they are home to the Arkansas Razorbacks.[51]
- John Brown University
- Northwest Arkansas Community College (NWACC)
- Ecclesia College
Public library systems[edit]
The Fayetteville Public Library is the largest library in Northwest Arkansas. The other libraries in Washington County have formed the Washington County Library System (WCLS).
Surface transportation[edit]
The region is mainly served by Interstate 49. I-49 has been the cause of much frustration in the area due to frequent traffic jams and accidents caused by the sudden growth of the area. In addition, cities' infrastructure investments did not keep pace with the population growth so streets are frequently congested. A widening of I-49 to six lanes and improvements to interchanges, including Arkansas's first single-point urban interchange at Exit 85 [2], are currently in the final stages [3]. Other major highways that serve the area include US 62, US 71, US 71B, and US 412.
Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport (often referred to by its IATA airport code, XNA) is the primary commercial service airport in the region. The facility opened in 1998, supplanting Drake Field in Greenland, which remains as a general aviation facility. XNA has one concourse, with twelve gates. The three most popular destinations for the year-long period ending June 2017 were Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, and O'Hare International Airport, hubs for American Airlines, Delta Airlines, and United Airlines, respectively.[52] The Northwest Arkansas Council has prioritized attracting a low-cost carrier to the airport, and has had relative success with Allegiant Air, which offers three permanent and three seasonal destinations.
The region has seven smaller, public use general aviation airports, including Drake Field, Rogers Executive Airport, Springdale Municipal Airport, Bentonville Municipal Airport, Siloam Springs Municipal Airport, Crystal Lake Airport, and Huntsville Municipal Airport. Beaver Lake Aviation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Walmart, is based in Rogers.
Mass transit[edit]
Two public transit agencies serve the area; Ozark Regional Transit is a general transit agency with around a dozen local routes, plus commuter, paratransit, and special purpose routes. Razorback Transit primarily serves University of Arkansas students, is fare-free, and has a service area limited to Fayetteville. It is also open to the general public.
See also[edit]
- ^ Not the same institution as Lyon College, also founded as Arkansas College but in Batesville in 1872.
- ^ Calculated using the percentages and overall populations to total for the four-county area.[50]
- ^ "Northwest Arkansas clocks in at No. 22 for fast-growing U.S. metro areas". Arkansas Democrat Gazette. 2017-03-23. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
- ^ "Northwest Arkansas clocks in at No. 22 for fast-growing U.S. metro areas". Arkansas Democrat Gazette. 2017-03-23. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
- ^ Della Rosa, Jeff (November 18, 2018). "XNA marks 20 years in business, connects region to the world". Talk Business & Politics. Retrieved July 15, 2019.
- ^ "Area Codes Map AR - Arkansas". North American Numbering Plan. Retrieved July 15, 2019.
- ^ "U.S. Census Bureau Delivers Arkansas' 2010 Census Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting". United States Census Bureau. February 10, 2011. Archived from the original (URL) on May 23, 2012. Retrieved 2011-09-14.
- ^ "America's Current Favorite Farmer's Markets ™: Top 20 Large". American Farmland Trust. Retrieved 2013-03-05.
- ^ "Best Places For Business And Careers, #8 Fayetteville, AR". Forbes, Inc. 2007-04-05. Retrieved 2011-09-14.
- ^ Ashley, Amanda. "Frank Lloyd Wright House dismantled, headed for new home at Crystal Bridges". nwahomepage.com. NWA. Retrieved 23 July 2014.
- ^ "Is Bentonville The South's Next Cultural Mecca?". Southern Living. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
- ^ "Primary Distinguishing Characteristics of Level III Ecoregions of the Continental United States". U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 2000. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
- ^ "Illinois River Watershed". Environmental Protection Agency. May 22, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
- ^ http://www.nwanews.com/adg/News/205722/
- ^ 3W Magazine, [1], Symphony of Northwest Arkansas Announces Paul Haas as Music Director August 25, 2010
- ^ Bikes, Blues & BBQ
- ^ Annual Dogwood Festival – Siloam Springs, Arkansas
- ^ "BFF Announces Continued Growth & 2019 Dates! - Bentonville Film Festival". bentonvillefilmfestival.com. 2018-05-22. Retrieved 2018-06-10.
- ^ QuickFacts for New Yory City / New York State / United States, United States Census Bureau. Accessed February 9, 2017.
- ^ New York City Population Projections by Age/Sex & Borough, 2010–2040, New York City Department of City Planning, December 2013. Accessed February 9, 2017.
- ^ "Selected Population Profile In The United States". American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates. United States Census Bureau. 2016. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
- ^ "Educational Attainment, United States, Arkansas, Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO Metro Area". American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates. United States Census Bureau. 2016. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
- ^ "Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2017" (CSV). 2016 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. March 2016. Retrieved June 12, 2018.
- ^ a b c Gascon, Charles S.; Varley, Michael A. (January 2015). "Metro Profile: A Tale of Four Cities: Widespread Growth in Northwest Arkansas". The Regional Economist. St. Louis, Missouri: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
- ^ Monroe, Jill (1999). Hispanic Immigration in Arkansas (PDF) (Honors Undergraduate thesis). Arkadelphia, Arkansas: Henderson State University. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
- ^ U.S. Census Bureau (July 1, 2016), Benton County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau: State and County QuickFacts, retrieved December 17, 2017
- ^ U.S. Census Bureau (July 1, 2016), Washington County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau: State and County QuickFacts, retrieved December 17, 2017
- ^ U.S. Census Bureau (July 1, 2016), McDonald County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau: State and County QuickFacts, retrieved December 17, 2017
- ^ U.S. Census Bureau (July 1, 2016), Madison County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau, U.S. Census Bureau: State and County QuickFacts, retrieved December 17, 2017
- ^ Hamilton, Gregory; McLendon, Terre; Wingfiel, Vaughan (February 2006). "Arkansas 2020 - Arkansas Population Projections and Demographic Characteristics for 2020" (PDF). Little Rock, Arkansas: University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Donald W. Reynolds Center for Business and Economic Development, Institute for Economic Advancement. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
- ^ Graves, John William (August 16, 2017). "African Americans". Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture. Butler Center for Arkansas Studies, Central Arkansas Library System. Missing or empty
- ^ Robinson II, Charles F.; Williams, Lonnie R. (February 20, 2015). Remembrances in Black: Personal Perspectives of the African American Experience at the University of Arkansas, 1940s–2000s. Fayetteville, Arkansas: University of Arkansas Press. p. 279.
- ^ "Greater Northwest Arkansas Development Strategy" (PDF). Northwest Arkansas Council. January 27, 2015. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
- ^ "Arkansas Community Sees Changing Face of Immigration". NPR. August 20, 2008. Retrieved October 4, 2017.
- ^ Krupa, John (June 19, 2006). "Culture clash reaches a boiling point in quiet town of Gentry". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette. Retrieved October 4, 2017.
- ^ "Examining the Status of African Americans and Hispanics in Arkansas" (PDF). University of Arkansas, Sam M. Walton College of Business, Center for Business and Economic Research. 2016. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
- ^ Lanning, Curt (June 25, 2015). "Fayetteville To Host Pride Parade". Fort Smith, Arkansas: KFSM-TV. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
- ^ Parry, Janine A. "The Arkansas Poll, 2017 Summary Report" (PDF). University of Arkansas J. William Fulbright College of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
- ^ a b "Arkansas Supreme Court strikes city's LGBT protections". Little Rock, Arkansas: CBS. February 23, 2017.
- ^ Gill, Todd (August 20, 2014). "Fayetteville passes civil rights ordinance". Fayetteville Flyer. Wonderstate Media, LLC. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
- ^ Thomas, Dillon; Sitek, Zuzanna (December 9, 2014). "Voters Repeal Fayetteville Civil Rights Ordinance". Fort Smith, Arkansas: KFSM-TV. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
- ^ a b Ryburn, Stacy (September 22, 2017). "Judge denies state's motion to stop Fayetteville civil rights ordinance". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
- ^ "Intrastate Commerce Improvement Act (Act 137) Arkansas Passes Statute Prohibiting Local Governments from Creating New Protected Classifications". Harvard Law Review. Harvard Law School. Dec 10, 2015. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
- ^ "Act 137 of 2015" (PDF). Arkansas Code. State of Arkansas. February 24, 2014. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ Forbes https://www.forbes.com/special-report/2011/migration.html. Missing or empty
- ^ Unemployment Rates for Metropolitan Areas
- ^ a b http://nwanews.com/nwat/Business/67899/
- ^ Dunham, Kemba J.; Stringer, Kortney (February 10, 2005). "Wal-Mart Fosters A Region's Rise, But Not All Benefit". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Co. Retrieved October 24, 2019.
- ^ Nassauer, Sarah (March 8, 2018). "Walmart's Arkansas Hometown Is a Mecca for Luxury-Home Buyers". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Co. Retrieved October 24, 2019.
- ^ "Arkansas High Schools". Washington, D.C.: U.S. News & World Report. 2017. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
- ^ "American Community Survey". United States Census Bureau. July 1, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
- ^ University Of Arkansas
- ^ AR: Northwest Arkansas Regional&carrier=FACTS "RITA – BTS – Transtats" Check
|url=value (help). Retrieved November 11, 2017.


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December 18, 2013
Watch: Local TV Report About Online News From 1981Filed by John M. Becker | December 18, 2013 | 4:00 PM |
It's a fascinating look back to a time when the Internet was in its infancy and downloading a newspaper's worth of text took more than two hours.Read More
Indian Politician Wants Gay US Diplomats' Partners JailedFiled by John M. Becker | December 18, 2013 | 2:30 PM |
A powerful politician in India suggested arresting and prosecuting the partners of gay U.S. diplomats in retaliation for the arrest of an Indian consular official in Manhattan.Read More
Elderly Louisiana Duck Hunter Hates Gays Because JesusFiled by John M. Becker | December 18, 2013 | 1:00 PM |
Phil Robertson, star of A&E's hit show "Duck Dynasty," says gays should be interested in vaginas if they want to go to heaven. But he doesn't mean any disrespect.Read More
New Film Exposes Offshore Evangelical Torture SchoolFiled by John M. Becker | December 18, 2013 | 11:30 AM |
A forthcoming documentary shines a light on offshore evangelical "Christian reform schools," where youth are abused for such "offenses" as being gay.Read More
Nellyka: Some Electric Guitar for ChristmasFiled by Bil Browning | December 18, 2013 | 10:00 AM |
Nothing says holiday spirit like a Thai woman playing Joy To The World on the electric guitar, amirite? Well, today is your lucky day. It's about to feel a lot like Christmas.Read More
Russian TV Star: Burn Gays Alive In OvensFiled by John M. Becker | December 18, 2013 | 9:00 AM |
"I don't want my children to think that being a [fa***t] is okay. It's queer fascism!"Read More

subset: commoncrawl


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Effects of Prefeeding Oral Stimulation on Feeding Performance in Preterm Infants
|The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01649362
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : July 25, 2012
Results First Posted : December 18, 2013
Last Update Posted : March 12, 2014
- Study Details
- Tabular View
- Study Results
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
|Condition or disease
|Preterm Infant Oral Feeding Performance
|Other: prefeeding oral stimulation program
|Not Applicable
Show Detailed Description
|Study Type :
|Interventional (Clinical Trial)
|Actual Enrollment :
|101 participants
|Intervention Model:
|Parallel Assignment
|None (Open Label)
|Primary Purpose:
|Official Title:
|Effects of Prefeeding Oral Stimulation on Feeding Performance in Preterm Infants Born Between 26 and 33+6 Weeks' Gestational Age: a Case-control Study
|Study Start Date :
|June 2011
|Actual Primary Completion Date :
|November 2012
|Actual Study Completion Date :
|December 2012
No Intervention: Control group
No prefeeding oral stimulation
Infants in the control group received neither oral stimulation nor a pacifier before or during gavage feeding.
Experimental: Oral stimulation, interventional group
Infants in the interventional group received pre-feeding oral stimulation. The intervention started on infants born within 32 gestational weeks when the patients were stable and tube-fed, receiving more than 100 ml/kg/day of milk. On infants born after 32 weeks, the intervention started immediately after clinical stability was achieved.
The pre-feeding oral stimulation program consisted of a 15-minute stimulation program delivered by one of the eight trained nurses or one trained member from the medical staff in accordance with the stimulation program proposed by Fucile, Gisel and Lau.
The stimulation program was administered 15 to 30 minutes prior to tube feeding, once daily for at least 10 days. The program was stopped when the infants attained more than three oral feedings per day. The program was interrupted if the infants were medically unstable and/or had episodes of desaturation, apnoea and/or bradycardia during the intervention
Other: prefeeding oral stimulation program
The intervention will start at 32 weeks PMA in a medically stable infant feed by gavage feeding for the infants born before 32 weeks' gestational age, and, as soon as clinical stability is acquired, for the infants born after 32 weeks.
The prefeeding oral stimulation program consists of a 15-minute stimulation program, delivered by the nurse or the medical staff, according to the stimulation program proposed by Fucile, Gisel and Lau. The program is going to be administered once a day for 14 consecutive days (for infants born before 32 weeks' gestational age), 15 to 30 minutes before a tube feeding. In infants born after 32 weeks' gestational age, stimulation program is going to be stopped when the infant attains 3 complete oral feedings by day.
- Length of Transition Period [ Time Frame: participants were followed from date of randomization until full enteral feeding was acquired,an expected average of 5 weeks ]transition period was defined as the period from the introduction of enteral feeding to full enteral feeding
- Length of Hospital Stay [ Time Frame: participants were followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 5 weeks ]
- Breastfeeding Rate at Discharge [ Time Frame: hospital discharge, an expected average of 5 weeks from the beginning of oral feeding introduction ]
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|Child, Adult, Older Adult
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- preterm infants from 26 to 33+6 weeks' gestational age, as determined by date of last menstruation and first-trimester ultrasound, hospitalized in our neonatal unit.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Congenital malformations (chromosomal disorders, malformations of head and face, neurological, cardiac, digestive or pulmonary malformations)
- Severe asphyxia (hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy)
- Presence of third or fourth degree intracranial haemorrhage
- Severe periventricular leukomalacia
- Severe chronic lung disease
- Severe hospital infection during the study period
- Necrotising enterocolitis during the study period
- Feeding interruption for more than 10 days during the study period
- Death during the study period
- Transfer to another hospital before discharge.
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01649362
|Service de néonatologie, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg
|Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 1210
|Study Chair:
|Marie-Lise Lair
|Luxembourg Institute of Health
|Responsible Party:
|Dr Manon BACHE, Paediatrician, Centre Hospitalier du Luxembourg
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT01649362 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|First Posted:
|July 25, 2012 Key Record Dates
|Results First Posted:
|December 18, 2013
|Last Update Posted:
|March 12, 2014
|Last Verified:
|February 2014
preterm infant
feeding difficulties
prefeeding oral stimulation
Premature Birth
Obstetric Labor, Premature
Obstetric Labor Complications
Pregnancy Complications


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L'Occitane 250Ml Cherry Blossom Shimmering Body Lotion
Envelop your skin with the fresh, delicate, fruity floral scent of springtime in Provence. Our Cherry Blossom Shimmering Lotion contains shea butter and pearl pigments, and has a magically light texture. It is easily absorbed leaving skin soft and with a scented, iridescent glow.
Delivery to Channel Islands only. Next day delivery in Jersey on orders placed before 12 noon, for Guernsey please allow 3-5 days. For more details please see here
Item: 9000551241
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In stock
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You can also...bookmark and share print this page add to wish list ask a question write a review


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Discipline: Economics
An economic system under which the means of production and distribution are owned by the state, and not the individuals.
In a socialist economy, the state owns the industrial plants, and centrally controls production.
The idea of socialism was enunciated by Karl Marx.
Socialism is different from communism, which, in fact, is the ideal and final stage of socialism where the state is no more, and the people are equal as proletarians.
Also see: capitalism, communism
Discipline: Political Science
Theory of the social nature or aspects of production and of its consequences.
Socialism is characterized by enormous variety. It generally involves the argument that economic production has an essential social element as distinct from individual element, and that this requires public investment and justifies a public share in and distribution of rewards.
David Miller et al., eds, The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Political Thought (Oxford, 1987)


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Well ….. now that we've had our vacation from our vacation, it's time to wrap-up our trip with a summary of "bests":
buy modafinil vancouver Best city ….. Venice, followed by Barcelona, Verona, Lucerne, Florence, Paris and Milan.
buy herbal viagra online uk Best restaurant ….. Florence "Osreria del Cinehiale Bianco",
Best hotel …. Verona "Palazza Victoria",
Best site …. Barcelona "Sagrada Familia",
Best tour …. Lucerne to Pilatus, Verona wine tour,
Best new Friends …. We met so many wonderful people
Best internet …. Barcelona (we got a live feed of the Rider "Labor Day Classic" from Canada)
Best TV …. Milan
Best weather …. Venice and Verona (despite some rain)
Best "catch & release" …. Verona (scarves, etc), Lucerne (coat), Venice (watches)
Best street act …. Barcelona "New Orleans Raggamuffens",
Other Observations:
French internet …… this is the third trip we've tried to use our personal, Canada-based email in France and it hasn't worked properly. It worked in Holland, Italy and Spain …. but not France.
Train stations ….. remember they are generally open to the elements ….. in other words if it's cold outside, the station will be cold.
Our wine arrived! We bought 12 bottles of white and 12 bottles of red when we were on the wine tour near Verona, Italy. We had it shipped home, and it finally arrived ….. party time!
The back label of the Amarone bottle is quite interesting ….. again a picture is worth a thousand words.
One last thing – when we left Europe to return home, everything was lush and green. Back home the colors have already changed, with a touch of fall in the air …. several times this week I've had to scrape frost off my car windshield. Mother Nature saying "Welcome home!" …….
Time to start planning our next adventure!
The older you get, the more precious every moment becomes, so learn to use your time wisely to clear your "bucket" list and do the good things you choose to make this world a better place.
Til next time ………..


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In May of 1990, a group of Mt. Washington families came together to share their vision of creating a childcare center for the community. The founding group included parents of young children, Pat Griffith, was elected as president of the board of directors and spearheaded the vision of having the baby-sitting co-op grow into a child care center. At the time, this had not been attempted by any parent group, so the Mount Washington founding group was setting an example for other parent groups with similar child care dilemmas. Everyone collaborated to develop policies and a philosophy for the agency, researched possible sites and created by-laws. The group filed incorporation papers and in May, 1991 became the Mt. Washington Preschool and Child Care Center, Inc.
The Center's non-profit status was finalized in January of 1992. The group held a series of fund-raising events over several years. In June of 1993, the Mt. Washington Preschool and Child Care Center became a reality. It opened in the St. Mary Coptic Orthodox Church at the foot of Mt. Washington and served the Mt. Washington and Highland Park communities. From its inception, the Center has counted on strong parent involvement and has been an active presence in the community.
In 1996, the Center left its space in the Church and moved to the campus of the Hathaway Family Resource Center. The move was accomplished with the help of two grants from the Parsons and Weingart Foundations and the assistance and volunteer labor of parents and community members as well as the participation of L.A. WORKS and the L.A. Conservation Corp. Altogether, nearly 3000 hours of volunteer time went in to the creation of the new site. Shortly after establishing its present site, the Center took Highlands Children's Center as its facility name. Highlands Children's Center served children from 2-6 years old and operated an after-school program for children from local public schools. Hathaway required their space, so the center was closed Dec., 2004.
As part of a collaboration, MWPCCC participated in the First 5 School Readiness program. This program offered school readiness in five neighborhood elementary schools and guided parents, providers and children ages 0-5 in an introductory program to the school environment. The program also had a collection of books, toys, materials and a resource van readily available to family home day care providers and childcare programs that they served.
In 2001, MWPCCC was asked by the Child Care Director of the City of Los Angeles to take over management of the Joy Picus Child Development Center in City Hall South. MWPCCC assumed management of the Joy Picus Center in June, 2001. The Joy Picus Child Development Center served children from 6 weeks through 5 years. In July 2008, Para Los Niños assumed management of the center in place of MWPCCC until 2009 when MWPCCC took over management once more.
In April of 2002, after many years of negotiations and a lengthy renovation period, MWPCCC opened an Infant and Toddler Center in the Ziegler House, a historic estate located at 4601 N. Figueroa in Highland Park. In 2007, a preschool was added to the infant and toddler program. The program, now called La Casita Verde Child Development Center, currently serves children 6 weeks through 5 years from low income to moderate-income families in North East Los Angeles.
In 2003 MWPCCC took over the management of the Harry Pregerson Child Care Center. This center serves families employed by the federal government, and is located near the Civic Center in downtown Los Angeles. This center also serves children 6 weeks through 5 years of age.
MWPCCC is dedicated to providing high quality childcare and related services to the communities of North East Los Angeles and to serving low- and middle-income families. All three centers have specific childcare subsidies from federal and state programs for financial aid or may qualify for a MWPCCC Board Scholarship.


text:
|By Alan Young, Alisa Thompson
Article Rating:
|October 4, 2013 11:00 AM EDT
Inside the world's companies and government departments, IT organizations have traditionally focused on delivering to internal customers. This has created an environment where IT is expected to align the services it delivers with age-old business processes that have evolved over years of operation, and is focused on efficiency. Delivering innovation and new ideas has become fraught with unnecessary complexity and internal politics, and strategically IT remains a back-office function.
Meanwhile, in the outside world, things have changed. IT is now front of house, delivering to consumers via online and mobile apps, whose expectations are higher. IT is part of the customer relationship and, as a result, it is expected to deliver its service promise and for problems not to occur. Social media has meant that when there are problems, they occur publicly. In the time it can take to raise a trouble ticket on a service management system, a consumer problem can surge on Twitter and reach thousands, damaging an organization's reputation. At the same time, organizations now have access to more information about their customers and services than ever before, which provides huge potential for transforming their services.
As a result, IT is moving from being a back office overhead to the front office where it is a means of creating value. At the same time, it is being expected to provide much higher levels of service and meet more flexible requirements, and deliver all of this for a lot less.
As consultants, we are seeing an increased interest in companies rethinking their IT and designing it around the service experience; that is IT designed and delivered for the benefit of external customers. This is more than just being responsive; it is about taking responsibility for the delivery of service.
As you might expect, this shift is taking place in organizations that rely on fast-moving technology to deliver their services to consumers. These include technology organizations, mobile telecoms, utilities, and financial services. However, we are also seeing similar signs of change in companies which sell to businesses as well as forward-thinking government departments.
When we talk to people about designing IT organizations in a digital environment, the following themes recur:
Designing IT operations around service
There have been great strides in making IT organize itself around the concept of "services," in the sense of the services to underpin existing business processes. There are many advantages to this way of thinking, as service levels allow us to organize coherently and manage costs. At the same time, this thinking is fundamentally based on IT as an overhead.
Consumers, on the other hand, only know one service level: "do I like it?" When IT is key to delivering the service the customer receives, surely this should mean changing attitudes, behaviors and competencies to focus on service? And by service, we don't mean service levels. After all, when was the last time you were quoted SLAs when you booked a holiday or hotel room?
Of course, there is much more to service experience than simply delivering great customer service. Organizations need to make a step change in how they design and deploy their services. We can all name organizations with a reputation for offering world class services, from Apple and Amazon, to Disney and John Lewis. Organizations like these will put as much effort into the design of their services as they do to the products that underpin that service.
They understand that how their customers feel about their services, i.e., their experience of using those services, is just as important as what they deliver. By taking an outside in approach and understanding what really matters to their customers, it is possible to revolutionize services.
In any environment, great service people are proud of their ability to solve customers' problems and make customers feel great. If you know an IT service manager, try asking them if they're proud of what they do. I'm willing to wager that although they may want to be proud of the service they provide, they're not right now.
Knowingly delivering service
IT managers typically know where they're not delivering. Ask any big organization about their IT services, and they will probably talk about incidents and problems, change and configuration management. These processes all start from the premise of IT services as risky and expensive things that break a lot. IT is too often focused on the avoidance of problems, which is not helped by a hero culture that puts more emphasis on getting that critical service back up and running, rather than questioning the fundamental design of that service.
IT organizations know a lot less about how the business as a whole is delivering IT. We are seeing a growing emphasis on managing end-to-end processes from an IT viewpoint, and in particular in understanding where services are actually being delivered, rather than not delivered. In some organizations, this has meant the introduction of process monitoring and providing service performance information to manage the experience at points where IT services impact external customers. In other organizations, particularly with processes that span multiple suppliers, this has been about introducing stronger governance and decision-making to manage end-to-end processes.
In today's digital world, we are seeing more and more organizations turning to IT to solve business problems. This means IT organizations need to get better at understanding where services are being delivered to customers, and where they are not. In some organizations, this has meant the introduction of process monitoring and providing service performance information to manage the experience at points where IT services impact external customers. Increasingly, IT organizations are able to alert the business of potentially damaging service problems through applying predictive analytics to monitoring information.
Getting service right first time
When companies launch new products and services, consumers are less inclined to be forgiving because services are new. Expectations are that services will work the first time and be simple to use. For IT, where services are often more complicated and involve more suppliers and partners, far more effort must be put into the design and launch of services. Getting service right the first time has traditionally played second fiddle to day-to-day operations - but in the world of service experience, both are equally important. Just ask Richard Williamson, the manager of Apple's Map division, who was running the maps services when iOS 6.0 came out. As consumers found errors in the mapping data, and compared the new service unfavorably with Google Maps, he found himself very publicly without a job. At the same time, Apple lost several billion dollars from its market capitalization, and re-arranged its top team.
In the new world of technology services, and service experience, consumers expect services to work the first time. At the same time, IT services are typically being delivered by more than one organization, often including multiple outsourced contracts. The sourcing community often talks about the need for "service integration" as a layer of process and governance to make multi-sourced services work, which is true. Just as true, but not mentioned as often, is the need for a much stronger emphasis on service design across all parties involved. IT organizations are increasingly responsible for both.
Earning the right to deliver great service
IT operations is a tough field where in many executives' eyes, you're only as good or as bad as your last outage. Or to put it another way, IT should be seen and not heard.
Perhaps the hardest challenge in moving to a new model is IT earning the right to have a voice. Our clients tell us that earning that voice can come from two sources. IT, and indeed organizations as a whole, need to be really clear on where IT makes a difference to external rather than internal customers. Where it doesn't make a difference, IT needs to be ruthlessly simplified and standardized. This, of course, fits well with the external pressures on cost reduction and, in these troubled times, it is easy to make the case for cost reductions. At the same time, standardization shines a light on some of the most deeply entrenched views within IT organizations themselves. As soon as IT is held against a benchmark of external value, talented people will be at risk of realizing that they're not adding value. While addressing this will help IT address its cost base, it's not necessarily a positive experience.
At the same time, as standardization and cost reduction, IT needs to make a difference visibly to service and take responsibility for what is delivered to customers. This is perhaps the biggest change - just taking ownership. As one of our clients from mobile telecommunications put it: "Earning the right to deliver great service is also about earning the right to be recognized for being more than a responsive org. It's about changing people's attitudes that you are around just to fix stuff. You are also a custodian of service."
Moving to service experience
In the move to a world where IT provides the service experience, there is much to change. IT leaders need to make themselves relevant to external customers by understanding where they deliver value and cut away activity where this isn't the case. They need to build a vision where IT takes ownership for delivering service and has a culture of responsiveness. They need to change the way that IT services are designed and deployed to guarantee service.
Any one of these changes is significant and difficult, and instinctively we know that Rome wasn't built in a day. At least, that's the way it was back when Rome was built. Today, in the modern world of technology, the rules are different, and large parts of Rome are built every day. The time to move is now.
- The i-Technology Right Stuff
- The Top 150 Players in Cloud Computing
- The Top 250 Players in the Cloud Computing Ecosystem
- "Virtualization Is Now a Key Strategic Theme," Says Citrix CTO
- Cloud People: A Who's Who of Cloud Computing
- As IBM Jumps On Board, There's Just No Stopping AJAX Now
- Cloud Computing Expo 2009 West: Call for Papers Now Closed
- Cloud Expo New York Call for Papers Now Open
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- Bill Scott: Real-World AJAX Was a Blast


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Stephanie, Justin, Julie, and Ryan visited
We gathered at my place for a small pot luck followed by a easy going game of POP 5… love the game + the people. Followed by a random photo shoot.. not really.. just us and my imac. It was my last chance to see these ppls for a long time. too bad Katrina H. couldn't make it.
Random Lunch- see ya'll in 2009 from Thomas on Vimeo.


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By Sunny Simon
I could almost feel the joy jump off the screen as I read my client's email. It went like this: "Good news! I ask for and got my raise last Friday. I didn't get what I initially requested, but I received it in the end. I was happy about the increase, but really proud of myself for speaking up. This was a first. I've never before had to ask for a raise."
It was good news indeed! Several weeks prior we discussed her salary situation. My client, Diana, a CPA, has been with her employer for about fifteen months and worked extremely hard through two tax seasons. We both knew she deserved a salary increase, but it was up to her to make her voice be heard. To do that, took composure, confidence and a few other elements. Thinking of asking for a raise? Read on.
Your chances for getting a salary increase are good if you understand the three key elements. Scoring a win in any negotiation requires preparation. Know your numbers. Diana researched what other CPA's were making in her city. She also reviewed HR's data on salary structures. If you need help with gathering figures, try GlassDoor or PayScale.
Timing is essential. One of the questions I asked Diana was how the firm was doing financially. She knew they had a good year and there was money in the coffers for key players. Another important aspect of timing is selecting an opportune time to hold the meeting. Don't ask to convene with your boss when she is knee deep in preparing a major presentation. Perfect timing is something I learned long ago. Whenever I needed to negotiate with my Dad, I arose at 5:00am and joined him in our kitchen for breakfast. He was a morning person, and since no one else in our family was up at that hour, I had his undivided attention.
The most crucial element to fattening your paycheck is evidence. Take the time to build a case of how you added value in the past year. Did you save the company money? Win a key contract? Bring new clients to the firm? Perhaps you mentored other employees, created a more efficient work process, or developed an idea for a new product.
Prior to the day you sit opposite the key decision maker, practice your script. Do you sound confident or are the words spewing out of your mouth? Keep perfecting your pitch. Then take a deep breath, conjure up your most confident attitude and present your case. Good luck!
Sunny Simon is the owner of Raise the Bar High Life and Career Coaching. More about Sunny at www.raisethebarhigh.com


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Another Successful Volunteer Event is on the books! On February 7th, six volunteers helped restore an unauthorized OHV route in the Bottlehill area of the Georegtown District. This group restored an impressive 0.5 acres! We had so much fun and great company. Our next Volunteer Event will be Thursday February 22nd in Mosquito. You can meet us at the Placerville Raley's to leave at 9am or the intersection of 193 and Rock Creek Road
Email firstname.lastname@example.com to RSVP!


text:
Please view our video presentation below
Klean Keepers have a well established window cleaning service, serving all of London. We clean windows in and out for:
(We can do one off or on a regular basis.)
We are happy to visit you and prove a free quotation with no obligation to use us.
All our cleaning operatives are trained and CRB checked for your security. Our operations manager ensures everything runs smoothly during your window cleaning.
If you would like a free no obligations quote
for window cleaning services
please Call us on 0207 978 2004
Email: email@example.com
We are also on Skype: id is kleankeepers
or complete your enquiry on the web form
We are also on Live chat so chat to us below where you see the sign
We are on Skype and our id is kleankeepers


text:
Get all gussied up with the San Juan Symphony as they present Gershwin and the Roaring Twenties!
Featuring award-winning pianist Roberto Plano, the Symphony explores the upbeat and lively personality of America's most iconic composer, with audience favorites like Rhapsody in Blue, "Summertime," and "It Ain't Necessarily So." Enjoy the Roaring panache of the French capital in Gershwin's An American in Paris—complete with taxi horns and jazzy saxophones—plus a symphonic portrait of Irving Berlin and a sassy foxtrot from Harbison's The Great Gatsby.
Located in Historic Downtown Farmington Studio 116 offers an Art Gallery, Art Studio, Kids Art Classes, Adult Art Classes and Art Parties!Learn More »


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If you are raising twins or are a parent of multiples, you may feel extra pressure to treat them as individuals as opposed to grouping them together. Some parents that don't feel any pressure have no problem dressing them alike, giving them names that are similar, or allowing them to …Read More »
Are Your Multiples in Different Classes?
Some of you may not even be at this point, but we've all thought about it. Will I put my twins in the same class or different classes when they're in school? The Crazies were just finishing up their 3's program at our beloved preschool. I sat down with their teacher …Read More »
My Victory Twins and Autism
When I was 6 weeks pregnant, I learned that I was pregnant with twins. This was, to put it mildly, a real shock, as this was a spontaneous pregnancy and there are NO (known) twins in my family. But, my husband and I were more excited than words can express …Read More »
Back to School Tips
*I ran this post at the beginning of school last year, and decided to run it again this year!* The end of August practically screams back to school. For some of you, your kids have already started back and you may or may not have done the happy dance in …Read More »
QOTW: Back to School Clothes
Image Credit: She Speaks As a child this time of year was hands down my least favorite. No, not because of going back to school, but back to school shopping. UGH. Nothing made me cringe more than the drive out to the outlets, or the uniform store when I was …Read More »
Multiples in the Kitchen: Oat Breakfast Muffins
My girls are starting Kindergarten at the end of the month, so school will be five days a week (as opposed to every other day like preschool). So I needed to come up with some alternatives for breakfast that are also quick to serve during the morning rush. I found …Read More »
QOTW: Back to School
While flipping through my local store ads I noticed all of the back to school sales are starting. Um, didn't summer vacation just start? Well, seeing that next week is August (AH!) school is just around the corner. My kiddos will start VPK this year and I'm pretending it's not …Read More »
Question of the Week: How do you get ready for Back to School?
Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself. ~John Dewey Back to School is here whether we're ready or not. For a lot of us this is our first time sending our kids to school and there is a lot to learn before school starts. This week we're …Read More »
Let's Get Ready Series Review and Giveaway!
When I was growing up I was "that kid" that loved to play school over the summer. I relished pretending to be the teacher and having my niece be the student. Now that I'm a MoM I enjoy passing on the love of learning to my kids. I want them …Read More »
Multiples and More Question of the Week: Back to School
That magical time of year is upon us, well some of us, back to school. I'm sure many of you are up to your eyeballs in notebooks, pencils (#2 of course) and new school clothes, while the rest of us are worried about whether or not our kids will get …Read More »


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Bitcoin Cold Storage Using a Bitcoin Core Wallet
Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency
This article describes how to:
- Create a cold-storage wallet using Bitcoin Core in a live offline Tails session
- Generate and collect public Bitcoin addresses for the cold wallet
- Manage the wallet and wallet passphrase
The cold wallet is created by running Bitcoin Core in an offline Tails session. Once created, keep the wallet cold - never enter the passphrase within anything other than an offline Tails (or similar) session.
I've written these guidelines for myself as an aid to memory - please use them with caution. If you're not comfortable using the command line, get a Trezor, Ledger or other hardware wallet.
Don't keep your funds on an exchange: Loads of exchanges have been hacked, so you're better off holding funds in a cold wallet of some description.
You'll need a USB drive with a working copy of Tails: download the Tails ISO, verify it, then install Tails on a USB drive using the Tails installer. You'll then be able to boot into a very secure live environment. Detailed instructions on Tails installation for Linux Debian, Ubuntu and Mint can be found here.
You will also need the Bitcoin Core binaries, which you can get here. Once you've downloaded Bitcoin Core, you should verify that the file hasn't been tampered with.
To run Tails, power down your PC, insert the Tails USB drive and boot from the USB. Tails is surprisingly usable - it's based on Debian and comes bundled with a load of utility and privacy focused software. On a modern computer (and decent USB drive) I find it stable, quick-booting and responsive.
Encrypted Persistence Volume
Note that Tails is amnesiac by design (The "a" in Tails stands for amnesiac) - nothing will be stored from your session unless you set up an encrypted persistent volume.
The first time you boot into Tails, create an encrypted persistent storage partition on the USB drive - this is straightforward, just follow the instructions here. Carefully store the passphrase for your encrypted persistence volume - I recommend KeePassX for generating and storing strong passwords/passphrases. KeePassX is actually bundled with Tails.
The encrypted partition (
/Persistent) provides a persistent location for:
- Bitcoin Core binaries
- Storing the cold wallet
- Storing a CSV formatted file listing public Bitcoin addresses to receive funds
Once you've added a persistent storage partition, power down the PC. Mount the USB drive in your regular distro - for which you'll need the encryption passphrase - and add the Bitcoin Core binaries to the Tails USB drive's
/Persistent volume.
Run Bitcoin Core in an Offline Tails Session
Temporarily disconnect the computer's ethernet connection and/or disable the Wifi connection. Boot into your Tails USB disk.
- Open a terminal and
cdto the Bitcoin Core binaries directory:
cd ~/Persistent/bitcoin-x.x.x/bin
- Run
- Hide the pop-up warning about recent transactions - the instance does not need to sync to the network for our purposes
- At this point, a new
wallet.datfile will have been created in the root of the data directory(e.g.
- Encrypt the wallet: in the Bitcoin Core client, click "Settings > Encrypt Wallet"
- Enter a strong passphrase at the prompt (use diceware, or generate a strong passphrase using KeePassX)
- Store the passphrase in a secure location - KeePassX is ideal for this
View Receiving Addresses
At this point, Bitcoin Core will have created two receiving addresses that are managed by the wallet. Access these addresses via the Bitcoin Core File menu:
- Click "File" > "Receiving Addresses"
- Click export to export in CSV format
- Save this file on the persistent drive
"Label" Refers to the "Account" Name. Two unnamed accounts are created by default during wallet setup. Rename these if necessary - right click the label field in the Receiving Addresses view and click "Edit".
Note that "accounts" are deprecated in Bitcoin Core, but you'll find numerous references to accounts in online tutorials and documentation. The API still has lots of references to accounts - for example, to list out addresses, the
getaddressesbyaccount method is required.
Save the Wallet!
IMPORTANT: Save the generated wallet to your persistent volume.
I recommend a logical file naming protocol that involves the date and the words "cold-wallet":
If you don't explicitly save the wallet file, when you close your Tails session, the wallet will be lost. If you were to send funds to a public address controlled by this wallet, they would be irretrievable.
Double Check
Before sending Bitcoin to addresses managed by the new wallet, Open the saved
*.dat file in an offline Tails session and double check:
- It is managing the correct public addresses
- The encryption passphrase is correct (enter
walletpassphrase "yourpassphrase" 5in console - the correct passphrase should return "null")
You can open a wallet by passing in the
-wallet option when opening Bitcoin Core - BUT the wallet must be located in the Bitcoin core data directory. You can add a symlink to set this up:
You can now launch Bitcoin core and reference the cold wallet:
I've written a utility script that connects up the cold wallet: https://github.com/DavidCWebs/bitcoin-cold-wallet-setup.
Transfer Funds
Transfer Bitcoin to one of the public Bitcoin addresses managed by the cold wallet.
Don't unlock the cold wallet on any internet-connected machine, or on any machine that might be infected with malware.
Backup Private Keys
If required, you could dump the private keys of the cold wallet. If you do this, you'll need to keep these extremely safe. Access to the private keys equates to full control over the Bitcoin. On the plus side, you could store these keys on paper which would ensure that you will always be able to import keys.
Personally, I have decided not to backup private keys - instead relying on multiple copies of a cold wallet encrypted with a strong passphrase. The wallet can then be safely stored online, since it is effectively useless without the encryption passphrase. Note that if someone gained control of your encrypted wallet without the passphrase, although they would not be able to transfer funds they would be able to access your transaction history. The passphrase should be stored securely (for example, in multiple copies of an encrypted KeePassX database in more than one location).
Accessing the Wallet
To access funds managed by the wallet, you just need to open it in a "hot" Bitcoin Core client. To do this in Ubuntu:
- Move the cold wallet into the Bitcoin Core data directory
- Run
bitcoin-qt, passing the wallet filename to the "wallet" option
For example:
This will load your cold wallet into your Bitcoin Core client. Once you've entered the passphrase, it's good practice to consider the wallet "warmed-up" - so you could transfer any remaining funds to a new cold wallet.
If you're managing cold wallets like this, be very careful to:
- Encrypt wallets with a strong passphrase
- Secure your passphrase and your wallet - there is NO password reset option if you forget!
- Bitcoin Wiki: Setup secure offline savings wallet
- Detailed instructions on Tails installation in Linux Debian, Ubuntu and Mint
- Download Bitcoin Core
- Bitcoin Wiki on Cold Storage
- Bitcoin Core APIs
- Bitcoin Core GitHUb issue on Accounts discusses replacing account concept with simple labels
- Utility script to set up cold wallet for offline viewing
- Diceware - easier if you use gedit displaying line numbers for ease of lookup - do this offline if you're paranoid!
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Train-The-Trainer sessions
Mitarbeiter in diesem Projekt:
- Dr. Frederic Malter (Assistant coordinator (operations) / Head of ) (Ansprechpartner)
- Dr. Michael Bergmann (Head of Unit)
- Yuri Pettinicchi, PhD (Operations)
- Dr. Karin Schuller (Head of Unit)
- Dr. Gregor Sand (Operations)
- Jeny Tony Philip, MBA (Operations)
- Dipl.-Soz. Sabrina Zuber (Database management)
- Dr. Melanie Wagner (Operations)
- Dipl.-Biol. Luzia Weiss (Biomarker project)
Since the inception of SHARE in 2004, the Train-The Trainer (TTT) program has been integral in achieving one of the philosophical pillars of SHARE, its much-hailed ex-ante harmonization of procedures. Initially crafted by colleagues from SRC at the University of Michigan, the TTT is being continuously developed further to accommodate three constantly evolving aspects of SHARE: first, the electronic contact protocol "Sample Management System" (SMS) and CAPI software are constantly improved over waves and necessitate the introduction of new training content. An example would be new fieldwork disposition codes and its meaning and how these codes are meant to be used by interviewers. Likewise, new survey items or new questionnaire content are introduced every wave and need extensive training. A prominent example woul dbe the collection of dried blood Spots (DBS) during wave 6 or the life history questionnaire of wave 7 or the added cognition measures tpo tbe fieldwed ion wave 8. Also, the modalities of the training are being improved continously to reflect best practices derived from current empirical evidence on adult learning. For example, a lot of training modules now contain more engaging modalities such as role play or small group exercises rather than straight-up presenting slides in every session. The basic pedagogic approach of the TTT, however, has been unchanged for all waves of SHARE: the TTT is the template for national training sessions in the participating countries. Survey agencies have to translate the slides and implement the training the way it was done at the TTT, including the teaching modalities. This is essential for corss-national harmonization of procedures. In order to assess how well this implementation was accomplished, we changed the SHARE model contract in two significant ways: we made the delivery of training slides in national language a contractual deliverable. In wave 4, we took the effort and investigated all training slides in all national languages if they represented the content of the TTT. The second change was the introduction of yet another deliverable, a standardized report on the national training sessions to be completed by the respective university teams after attending the national training sessions. Likewise, all other procedural changes in an upcoming wave are instructed at the TTT and expected to be relayed to interviewers at national training sessions.
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High-speed data acquisition with a streaming rate of 400 MB/s
With the GEN7tA, HBM Test and Measurement (HBM) offers one of the fastest data acquisition systems and transient recorders of its kind, and thus a solution for measurements that are both continuous and extremely fast.
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There are also three connections for digital inputs, timers/counters, which can be used for example to connect up to six torque transducers for acquiring torque and rotational speed. The GEN7tA is designed for easy integration into a 19-inch rack, a very useful feature for test bench applications.
To ensure a high level of data security with local storage on the device, a removable SSD is available on request which can reach data transmission rates of 350 MB/s. The number of available channels of the GEN7tA can be extended simply by synchronizing it with other basic devices of the Genesis HighSpeed family.


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Many of Burnside's native plants and animals still survive, but the natural woodlands and grasslands that once supported them have almost been lost.
The vegetation of the Burnside area before European settlement was dominated by a range of vegetation communities termed grassy woodlands.
The Environment and Biodiversity Strategy defines and articulates the City of Burnside's strategic commitment to working with our community to achieve the Council's vision.
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Beat all free and commercial competition in PCMag's malware cleanup test. Very quick installation with zero problems. Corrects malicious changes to Windows settings. Includes real-time protection, malicious URL blocking, and scheduling of scans and updates.
Realtime protection component scored very poorly in PCMag's malware blocking test. Didn't block all malicious URLs. URL blocking log shows IP addresses only.
Bottom Line
Malwarebytes Anti-Malware Pro 1.70 has the same slick, high-powered malware cleanup ability as the free edition. However, the Pro-only realtime protection component just doesn't come close.
Quite a few antivirus companies run on a "freemium" model, giving away free antivirus protection but encouraging users to buy their commercial product for improved protection. Malwarebytes Anti-Malware Pro 1.70 ($24.95 direct; $59.85 for three licenses) does include the powerful malware cleanup technology found in the company's free tool. It adds real-time protection, malicious website blocking, and scheduling of scans and updates, but the added components really aren't worth the price. On the plus side, if you do buy the Pro edition you don't need to pay again, ever.
Similar Products
Malwarebytes Pro looks virtually identical to the free edition. It still focuses strongly on malware cleanup, opening directly to the scanning page rather than to a home page of status and statistics. But in the Pro edition the controls on the Protection tab are live, and the buttons to buy or activate the commercial product aren't present.
Top-Notch Malware Cleanup
Malwarebytes is widely known as the go-to product when entrenched malware prevents installation of your commercial antivirus. Tech support agents from other companies may resort to running Malwarebytes when customers can't get their software installed.
I frequently find that just getting a product installed on my twelve malware-infested test systems takes days of back-and-forth with tech support. Malwarebytes installed without a hitch; I finished all twelve installations in less than an hour.
In my malware cleanup tests, Malwarebytes beat all of the competition, free and paid, by a wide margin. Comodo Internet Security Complete 2013, Webroot SecureAnywhere Antivirus 2013, and Norton AntiVirus (2013) all scored 6.6 points for malware removal, while Malwarebytes scored 7.1.
Looking specifically at free products, AVG Anti-Virus FREE 2013 came quite close to the previous top trio, with 6.5 points for malware removal.
The last time I tested Malwarebytes, it wasn't very effective against rootkits. This time around, it detected every single sample that uses rootkit technology to hide and scored 8.2 points for rootkit cleanup. Comodo holds the current best score for rootkit cleanup, with 9.8 points, and Kaspersky Anti-Virus (2013) managed 9.4 points, but Malwarebytes's score is still quite good.
For an explanation of my testing and scoring techniques, see How We Test Malware Removal.
Malwarebytes Anti-Malware Pro 1.70 malware removal chart
Zero Lab Results
Most antivirus vendors submit their products for testing to various independent labs. A great score in these tests can be a real boost. However, in most cases vendors must pay to participate, and it's tough to justify that when the product is free. AVG is one exception; they submit their free product for testing specifically to show that it contains their top-tier protection. Malwarebytes relies instead on word of mouth and reputation; none of the labs I follow test Malwarebytes.
The Best 2012 Security Suites
The Best Antivirus for 2012
Security Product Guide
Security Watch
The chart below summarizes how the labs have treated other recent products. For more about the labs and their tests, see How We Interpret Antivirus Lab Tests
Malwarebytes Anti-Malware Pro 1.70 lab tests chart


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