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On December 26, 2004, a massive earthquake and cycle of tsunamis now known as the Sumatra-Andaman event devastated much of Southeast Asia. Coastal communities, especially in western Indonesia, were inundated with walls of water up to 19 metres high that penetrated over two kilometres inland. The death toll was (conservatively) estimated at 230,000.
West of the epicentre, and in the direct path of the radiating tsunamis, lies the small island nation of the Maldives. Despite sitting barely a few metres above sea level, they escaped nearly unscathed. Damage was limited to a few outlying islands; the death toll was considerably less than nearby Sri Lanka, and just one third that of Somalia, which was over 3000km further away from the tsunami's source. How could this low-lying set of islands escape major damage, when surrounding mainland populations were nearly annihilated?
The answer is coral reefs. To many, they are nothing more than an abstract marine beauty, devoid of function or practicality. But the numerous surge channels and rugged nature of corals buffer storms and large waves, protecting the land beyond. The Maldives, with their complete surrounding coral reef system, thus sustained much less damage than countries with more degraded reefs, like Indonesia and Thailand.
For people who respond to more financial persuasion, corals reefs were estimated (in 1998) to be worth $375 billion annually. They support tourism and encourage economic development in numerous countries, and are a crucial protein sources for millions of people (one third of commercial fisheries in Indonesia are conducted on coral reefs). In terms of value per hectare, coral reefs are the most important ecosystem on the planet.
But corals are dying.
Corals are recognised for their brilliant, variable colours and complex three-dimensional structure. However, this state is becoming increasingly atypical. Beginning in 2014, a massive bleaching event extended across the Pacific and Indian oceans, stimulated by an El Niño (basically a hot round weather ball). The El Niño hit its peak in 2015, decimating corals of the Great Barrier Reef where up to 90% of corals bleached. Significantly, this event also extended to the Indian Ocean, which had previously escaped massive bleaching.
The reefs of the Maldives, that had saved so many lives a decade earlier, suffered bleaching described by the surveying scientists as "haunting." When corals bleach, their colours disappear and they become a ghastly white. It also makes them more susceptible to strong waves and other stressors, and this weakness leads to frequent breakages. The result of this is what is known as coral rubble: a haphazard assortment of off-white coral bits laid across the bottom, a far cry from the gorgeous assemblages they can be.
Inside the cells of coral live small algae called symbionts, photosynthesising and providing up to 95% of the nutrients that corals require to survive. In extreme temperatures, this association breaks down and the symbionts are expelled: this is the mechanism behind bleaching and the reason for the appalling colour loss. Deprived of their major nutrient source, the corals will soon die.
El Niños, like the ones that caused the mass bleaching, are natural weather events, but in recent years they have become increasingly severe thanks to climate change. Some people (read: ignorant fools) object to the severity with which scientists treat this issue. They say that the world goes through temperature cycles, that it has been this hot before and corals adapted. All of this is true. So why can't they again?
The issue is pace. The rapidity with which average sea surface temperature is increasing leaves evolution no time to work. More favourable versions of heat-related genes in both corals and symbionts would need to develop (for example through mutation), and then be able to proliferate through coral communities. Additionally, while there are different species of symbiont, corals often host only one specific type — they can't just pick up random new symbionts, however beneficial they may be. Dealing with all these variables has been manageable for corals in the past, in the 10,000 year thermal cycles of the natural world. But the 50% increase of CO2 in the atmosphere in the last 100 years, and the associated temperature rise, means that evolutionary change is made redundant.
However, evolution can be fast-tracked. Hybridisation (sex and subsequent offspring between two different species) is a rapid way to make new genetic combinations, potentially allowing for the production of more thermally resistant coral types. This could also help corals take up better symbiont types — if half the genes come from a symbiont they would normally associate with, they may be more inclined to accept it.
And so in April I found myself travelling to Atauro Island, to explore the potential for symbiont hybridisation on the coral reefs there. Atauro Island is part of Timor-Leste, a small, recently independent country just north of Australia. This locale was chosen for two reasons. Firstly, some previous evidence of symbiont hybridisation has been found, but it was from Lord Howe Island — an atypical, low-latitude reef. Timor-Leste sits in the heart of the coral triangle, and so evidence from there is more widely applicable to other reefs. Secondly, Conservation International has recently named Atauro Island the most diverse reef fish community in the world, and the reefs there appear to be in pretty good nick (they have avoided much of the devastating bleaching that has occurred elsewhere). It will be useful to assess the diversity of symbiont communities there, and see if there is anything special going on. Actually, there's a third reason too — who wouldn't want to go do fieldwork in a tropical country?
Atauro Island lies roughly 30 kilometres north of Dili, the capital of Timor-Leste. Flying into Dili, I got a great view of where I would spent the next fortnight, and was struck by its emptiness. There are a few scattered villages on the east and west coasts, a mountainous centre, and that's about it. At that distance, I could see no evidence of infrastructure at all, which gave me a clue as to why their reefs are so high-quality. The reefs are visible from the air — rippling patches of pale blue-green encircling the island, with an occasional flash of reflected colour, even from a kilometre away. Anybody who has flown over a reef will know this description hardly does justice to their aerial appearance. Crossing over the Banda Sea from Dili, the effect of the reefs was immediate — the choppy water abruptly became placid and glasslike as we neared Atauro Island, the reefs beneath the boat buffering and absorbing the waves.
I really didn't know what to expect. Timor-Leste has had a turbulent recent history, fighting for independence from Portugal and Indonesia until 2002, and then more internal conflict until 2006. As such, the international scientific community has been largely excluded from the ecosystem until very recently. So in my preparation for the trip I found that literature on what may be out there was largely lacking.
I have had the privilege of snorkelling coral reefs in Rarotonga, Indonesia, and Australia, but the Atauro Island reefs were the best I'd seen by far. A couple of the sites we visited were the first I'd experienced where a coral reef was just all reef. There were no empty sandy patches, no coral rubble, just meadows of hard and soft coral as far as you could see. Also amazing was the diversity. Most reefs around the world have a few dominant species which appear again and again (normally of the genus Acropora). Here, every coral you saw was a new one.
This suited us well — we wanted to sample as much diversity as we could. One of us would go down and sample a small bit of the coral with a trusty pair of pliers, gently snapping off an end of a branch. For the rounded brain corals, a chisel was also used to chip away a small part of the base. The other person would take a photo so the coral could be identified later. These photos were taken up close (within 20cm) as many corals can only be identified through tiny variations in their skeletons.
This sampling method has caused a sticking point among many of my friends — surely I shouldn't be taking small bits of coral if I am trying to save them? But the bits we were taking were tiny and ecologically insignificant — an M&M size or smaller, from colonies bigger than most people. And anyway, that's an entirely useless point of view. It's like saying you shouldn't send up weather balloons to monitor global patterns because that will add a tiny amount of greenhouse gas to the atmosphere. Attitudes like that will get you nowhere.
After a full day sampling, we would add our coral bits to a DNA buffer — a liquid that keeps DNA stable, preserving samples until they can be processed properly. Following our week on Atauro Island, we travelled back to Dili, the capital of Timor-Leste. Shaun's wife is a diplomat, so we stayed in a diplomatic house for the next week. I spent the majority of the time in the spare bathroom. No, I didn't have some hilarious stomach bug — Shaun had set up a pretty thorough DNA lab in there. I extracted DNA from all our coral samples (600 of them), and brought the DNA back to New Zealand. Back here, I will do a whole lot of laboratory stuff, and hopefully be able to provide some useful comments on symbiont diversity, hybridisation, and how corals can best be helped.
Corals from top to bottom: Galaxea fascicularis ('octopus coral'); Montipora (unidentified species); Echinopora lamellosa ('hedgehog coral'); Acropora millepora; Acropora (unidentified species). April, 2017. Atauro Island.
After visiting Indonesia and now Timor-Leste, I feel a little cynical about my sort of research. Increasingly I feel it's like choosing to study a surgery textbook when someone is bleeding out in front of you. Climate change will harm coral, sure. But I have witnessed so many immediate impacts that are happening right now.
Litter physically abrades coral, and blocks light which stops the symbionts from photosynthesising. In Indonesia, I did a brief study of plastic on a reef near Jakarta — along one 50m transect, I counted 28 bits of plastic floating in the water. That was not per any unit area, that was just direct line of sight along 50m. At one point, a full-size discarded mattress, which had been carried by the current from Jakarta, slowly sank before my eyes and nestled among the coral. I will never forget that sight. Even on Atauro Island, with its tiny population, many of the beaches around the villages were covered in trash.
In order to compensate for lowered fisheries takes thanks to previous overfishing, increasingly destructive fishing practices are utilised. Bomb fishing is common, where "fishermen" simply throw dynamite over the side, killing swathes of fish which can easily be collected. The scars left on coral are abysmal to behold.
Even tourism, so important in developing economies, can be harmful. Inexperienced snorkelers kick the reef and can knock off whole branches, something I witnessed even in Australia where tourist education is a high priority.
As part of our sampling, we employed a Timorese man called Ricky, who helped us manage our gear and communicate with local chiefs. He was lovely and chatty. He told us about the history of Atauro Island, about his wife and children, about local customs. He told us how both his parents were tortured by the Indonesian authorities, and how he was born in an Indonesian prison. There are more pressing issues for some, than the degradation of coral reefs.
However, the overarching threat of climate change lingers over coral reefs. Despite their social issues, nations are acting in recognition of this fact. Last year, a forum was held in Lautoka, Fiji, to galvanise local action on climate change and to highlight to the international community that they will not give up their coral reefs without a fight. Programs of a similar theme are underway all around the Pacific. Samoa worked with Conservation International to produce a radio show that aired nationwide about the importance of the reefs and the threats they face. In Rarotonga, there has been a recent reintroduction of Ra'ui — traditional locally managed areas. These programs combine the knowledge of international scientists with locals, to bridge the gaps between science and society.
Our research in Timor-Leste was featured on the New Zealand Embassy Facebook page to communicate both the beauty of what we found and the danger that climate change poses. These programs are a start, but consistent collaborative action is required to ameliorate the greatest threat reefs have ever faced.
At this point, I would like to offer something substantive. Something constructive that you or I can do to help. But I can't. There is no easy fix, no simple action that can be taken to save reefs. Without a global response to climate change, there will be no reefs left to save. All I can do is try to raise awareness through my channels of the myriad issues that face corals. All I can do is highlight that social issues are as prevalent as scientific ones, and often these need to be addressed first. All I can do is try help corals adapt to climate change, and hope there are still enough reefs alive for it to count.
Sunset. April, 2017. Atauro Island.


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Discussion in 'Android Apps & Games' started by MAzboy, May 26, 2010.
What is everyones favourite web browser for Android 2.1?
Opera Mini saves bandwidth & is somewhat faster at loading pages on bad or slow connections since it compresses them on Opera's servers before sending it to the phone.
Currently sporting Dolphin HD. Nice features and I can use them if I want and leave them if I don't. Good UI IMO.
I'm an Opera fan but haven't installed it yet as I find the stock one very good.
Opera here. I use it also on my compu. Bookmark sync. rules.


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Someone use this and write a short story, please!
Here's one helluva what-if scenario writing prompt.
What if…
Millennials literally did die a little inside once their mortgage-sized student loan debts went into repayment? And those morsels of dead souls were then transmogrified into a symbolically fitting murder of crows? All of whom were hell-bent on revenge against the Big Banks?
That's what I saw when I looked at this picture.
If that gets your juices flowing, see where it takes you! Hell, you could even make Bernie Sanders a wizard responsible for bringing the murder to life!


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hmm by august 08, that will be a tall order indeed, the N+ is a slight possibility of completing by that time but you really need indepth on the job experience even to complete that really. I would suggest a trip to www.certforums.co.uk and have a chat to the people there. But no matter how tempting it is stay away from brain dumps just to get the certs done quicker. It wont help you in the long run because the holes that are left in peoples knowledge when using braindumps will be quickly exposed and will land them without a job just as quickly.
Register Hereor login if you are already a member


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The whole saga starts up again.
Microsoft is back after Yahoo!
Announced (rather bizarrely) on Sunday, the Redmond giant made the following statement:
"In light of developments since the withdrawal of the Microsoft proposal to acquire Yahoo! Inc., Microsoft announced that it is continuing to explore and pursue its alternatives to improve and expand its online services and advertising business.
Microsoft is considering and has raised with Yahoo! an alternative that would involve a transaction with Yahoo! but not an acquisition of all of Yahoo! Microsoft is not proposing to make a new bid to acquire all of Yahoo! at this time, but reserves the right to reconsider that alternative depending on future developments and discussions that may take place with Yahoo! or discussions with shareholders of Yahoo! or Microsoft or with other third parties.
There of course can be no assurance that any transaction will result from these discussions"
So the bad cop approach didn't work and now Microsoft is playing good cop. In all fairness the company "doesn't need" to buy the whole of Yahoo! (here's why), but it could benefit from acquiring some of its more pertinent technologies. Yahoo! itself may also relish the chance to refocus its core business while lining the pockets of major shareholders.
Expect something (far more sensible and constructive) to come from this over the next few weeks…
Press Release


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The shareholders of Grupo União have sold the company to Fortbras Group for US$115 million.
Founded in 1969, Grupo União is one the main aftermarket auto parts chain in Brazil, with 39 stores in five estates.
Fortbras Group is a leading distributor of aftermarket auto parts in Brazil. Founded in 1992, the company distributes auto parts to more than 25,000 customers, including repair shops, auto parts stores and car fleet owners. It also sells electrical and mechanical products for light vehicles, heavy vehicles and motorcycles, serving customers from 18 locations across 17 Brazilian cities. Fortbras Group is backed by Advent International since 2016.
Oaklins' team in Brazil advised the seller in this transaction.
Thiago Dias
Managing Partner
Felipe Toja
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- jhilliard
- 6 years ago
- Wedding: August 2019 - City, State
Hey Bees! So I got a bit crafty (and $10 later) and made this MR & MRS banner for our sweet heart table, its sorta heavy thanks to the wood slabs, but I am determined to have it on there! I know alot of people use push pins or safty pins but I am afraid that it might pull the cloth off the table (we are just having a small round two seater for our table). Has anyone used the tablecloth clips or even those purse hooks to attach their banners to the table?


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California Divorce
California's divorce laws are relatively streamlined. It's a no-fault state, so you and your spouse don't have to cast blame to obtain a divorce. After you file your documents to begin the divorce process, the state imposes a six-month waiting period before the court will finalize the divorce. You can use this time to negotiate a marital settlement agreement, but even if you complete and sign the agreement within just a few months, the court won't order a final decree until six months have passed. This gives you a little time to make sure you've covered all issues in your agreement, including your children's education.
Grade School
Child support does not cover educational costs in California. State law considers costs for school extra or discretionary expenses. If the parties can't reach a marital settlement agreement, the judge decides costs for schooling on a case by case basis because there's no statutory rule. If you want your child support order to cover the costs of private grade school, you'll have to convince the judge that private school is necessary and in your child's best interests. For example, if your child attends private school because of special needs, a judge isn't likely to pull her out and place her in a public school because this would not be in her best interests. But a judge probably won't make financial provisions for your child to begin attending private school for the first time after your divorce.
High School
If your child is a teenager at the time of your divorce and a year or two away from graduating from a private high school you and your spouse have traditionally paid for during the marriage, a judge might be reluctant to uproot her and force her to change schools. But regardless of whether your child attends private or public school, child support continues in California until she graduates from high school. The state's age of majority is 18 and child support will end on your child's 18th birthday if she has already graduated high school. Otherwise, it continues until graduation or until she turns 19, whichever happens first.
Unlike some states, California has no statutory provisions for college costs. Judges can't order child support to continue through your child's college years and they can't order you or your spouse to pay for post-secondary education expenses. You can include these provisions in a marital settlement agreement, however, and if you do, the court will uphold them. Because no state laws govern post-secondary education expenses, you can get creative -- your agreement can be tailor-made to your family's particular needs and incomes.


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Pop It Like It's Hot à la Rosie Huntington-Whiteley
Every once in a while there's a craze that takes the fashion world by storm and right now, it's all about Gucci. The sequinned collars, the coquettish dresses, the dandy jackets – there's no denying Gucci is having a major moment.
Lucky lady Rosie Huntington-Whiteley has quite literally bagged herself a slice of the action with this pink beauty of a bag. Formally known as Gucci's Marmont matelassé shoulder bag, it's the stuff fashion dreams are made of. It's all I can do not to paw at the screen.
The bag comes in three styles — white, pink and black — and you're bound to see it on the arms of countless editors and bloggers in every variety, especially with the fashion week rounds coming up. It may be a little too Elle Woods for some, but my Barbie predilections mean the candyfloss hue is the only one for me.
SHOP NOW: Rosie Huntington-Whiteley's Instagram Style >>
There's one issue: the price tag. You can make it your own for the princely sum of £1,400, which is pretty hefty unless you're one of the world's highest-earning models (which, you may have noticed, I am not).
But! This is what you call a trophy piece. It's totally worth saving the pennies for if you're on the hunt for a statement bag that will never go out of style. It would look amazing even with a basic Breton and jeans and you can guarantee that people will still be cooing over it when your daughter nabs it thirty years from now.
Either way, we can all take a cue from Rosie's peacocking. The model excellently punctuated her double denim look with the perfect colour pop — an easy way to bring an unexpected twist to your outfit.
Follow R-H-W's lead and give any outfit an instant zing with your own bright bag. We've got the must-have ingredients to help you along in the Shopping Edit as well as the Exact Match incase you're keen to splash the cash…
Exact match


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Bayou Classic Stainless Beer Bucket 6.5 GallonBayou Classic
The Bayou Classic Stainless Beer Bucket is a high quality beer bucket that will last a lifetime. Larger outer diameter at the top than the bottom, the Bayou Classic Stainless Beer Bucket will keep your ice longer and your beer cold. The Bayou Classic Stainless Beer Bucket has a bale handle made of stainless steel as well.
Stainless steel 6.5 gallon beverage bucket is great for entertaining a large group on the patio and keeping your beverages cool. It features all stainless steel construction with a carry handle. Keeps your favorite beverages deliciously chilled in style. From casual to elegant entertaining, Bayou Classic understands the importance of presentation. 15" diameter top x 11.4" tall, 10.75" bottom.
- 6.5 Gallon / 26 Quart
- Top: 15" O.D.
- Bottom: 10.75" O.D.
- Height: 11.4"


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Trans Packers and Moversread more
Trans Packers and Moversread more
Trans Packers and Movers in Esplanade help our clients at all stages, from packing their household good to unload to final destination. Packers and Movers in Esplanade has earned a reputation of being one of the most trusted relocating service providers in India. Trans Packers and Movers provide service from to all cities of India and the entire local places of India. We have highest capacity for relocation services of domastic relocation, office, household goods, furniture goods every day. We are initiate to create the long term relationship with our corporate and other clients.
We are taking care of your shifting goods as well as sharing information to you. Mostly people searches Trans packers and movers, it is brand packer mover Service Company across Indian. We provide all types of carriers and relocation services to our customer to guaranteed safe and in time relocate of their goods from one place to another place.
Trans movers in Esplanade is one of the best relocation company in the country in relocation of household goods, bike shipping, office equipments shifting, Cargo moving packing service across the India. Our branch office is at across all the major cities and local area of India.We provide you with the advantage of door to door services. Serving true honesty to our kindness.
We relocate almost everything from small household, office items, furniture, car, bike etc. Our Company have old experience in shifting relocating, providing storage space, residential shifting shipping and cargo services; etc. Our team provide to you perfect relocation solution to all belongings is moving & packing needs. Our Company provide services all the big & small cities in India.


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When it comes to running a home based or small business, you will run into a number of challenges. One of the biggest ones revolves around tax law and home business deductions. As a general rule, you can only take a deduction for your home business if you use the item exclusively for your business. In fact, a common problem for many small business owners when they are audited is that they cannot demonstrate clearly what their business assets are versus their personal assets.
What Difference It Makes
In the IRS's eyes, it makes an enormous difference whether your assets are for your business or personal use. Most of the time, the IRS will consider any item that is ambiguous to be a personal item. In other words, you can't get any deductions, and if you have claimed any deductions on that item, you may have to pay additional fees and penalties for past years you've claimed the item.
The use of the item is the primary method for determining whether it is a business or personal asset. However, it also has to be proven. One of the first steps in demonstrating how an item is used is to have clear documentation stating that it is a business asset or a personal asset. It is important that you do not lie as it will be corroborated, but if you do use something as a business item but do not claim it as such in your business activities, then you may have a hard time convincing the IRS.
The Best Way to Keep Track of These Things
Since it can make such a huge difference, it's important that you take certain inventory control measures to protect yourself and your business's assets. You could do this by hand or you could use software for inventory control. In fact, investing in a program is one of the best choices you can make. It can count as part of your business records. While pen and paper records may also count as business records, they are more difficult to update. It is also more difficult to transmit the files online.
Asset Panda is one of the best programs you can use. The software for inventory control is easy to use and intuitive. You can set everything up within a matter of hours to protect your business and separate out your business and personal assets. The other benefit to the program is that it allows for the natural development and transformation of your equipment or an item. After all, you might purchase a printer, claim it on your taxes in a number of capacities for a few years, and then decide that you need a new printer. You can then start using the old printer for personal use, but you must remember to remove it from your tax schedule and deductions at the end of the year. With just about any other method, you would have to remember all this, but with a good program you can go in, mark the item as inactive, and then remove it from your taxes as soon as you realize you're not going to use it for business.
Stay Honest
Remember that you need to be scrupulously detailed when it's time to take deductions. You need to take advantage of these, and the simplest way to accomplish this is to keep your business assets as separated from your personal assets as possible. If you are running a home based or small business, then you should keep the items in another room or office if possible. Don't loan it out unless you keep it on the books and record the use. If you are in doubt as to whether you can truly claim an asset for your business, then you don't risk it without consulting with an accountant or tax attorney.


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Why Choose POLYTECH Implants
POLYTECH Health & Aesthetics offers a wide range of products for reconstructive and aesthetic plastic surgery. The physical properties of the silicone implants, especially those of the mammary implants, have been optimised to resemble human tissue. Thus, they now perfectly meet the needs of this type of surgery. Additionally, all products are available in a variety of forms and sizes.
POLYTECH implants manufactured in Germany
- Logical Implant System for projections, shapes and sizes
- POLYTECH use: Silicone gel for the shell and complied Bound gel in the implant both of which are FDA approved
- POLYTECH use Nusil for the shell and Applied for the inner gel
- POLYTECH product is tested way to and far beyond set guidelines
- POLYTECH went to full production of implants in 2008
- Speciality and outsized implants have however been made in Germany for the last 15-20 years!
- POLYTECH have always sold Microthane in Europe
- All current data has come out of Europe
- All stock and quality control has always been done in Germany (for 25 years)
- All packing and sterilisation has always been done in Germany (for 25 years)
- POLYTECH use dry heat to sterilise
The design, production, distribution and customer service are controlled by a Quality Management System according to DIN EN ISO 9001 and DIN EN ISO 13485. The products are CE-certified and meet all European and other applicable standards.
All materials are tested and provide the appropriate quality and compatibility. Ongoing tests are carried out to control for example the mechanical properties such as elongation, tensile strength and circumstances for material fatigue. All sterile products are sterilised using a validated procedure which is carefully controlled and in which every batch must be certified as being sterile by an independent and renowned laboratory – Institute Fresenius – before the products are released for use.
Smooth-coated silicone implants have produced satisfying results for some 40 years. Especially with mammary implants, there exists the risk of capsular fibrosis. By choosing MicroPolyurethane-foam Surfaced mammary implants from POLYTECH Health & Aesthetics you can minimise this risk. Silicone implants with textured shells also produce less occurence of capsular fibrosis as both, MPS and textured implants, reduce the length and orientation of the capsular tissue fibres.
Why Use POLYTECH from Q Medical?
Medical devices for scar treatment, liposuction, micro-pigmentation and dermabrasion complete the POLYTECH Health & Aesthetics product range.
For further information contact UK suppliers Q Medical


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India Real Estate Property Site - Buy Sell Rent Properties Portal - Vizagacres.com
Search over 8 lakh+ properties on vizagacres.com. Buy, rent or sale of residential & commercial property.
Check real estate prices, property trends.
|Related Link: Click here to visit item owner's website (0 hit)
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Target City : Visakhapatnam
Last Update : Jun 06, 2019
Number of Views: 51
|Item Owner : Siva
Contact Email:
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|Friendly reminder: Click here to read some tips.


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MicroRNA-214 regulates immunity-related genes in bovine mammary epithelial cells by targeting NFATc3 and TRA
regulation of nuclear localization of NFAT is isoform-specific and dependent on nuclear export processes
data indicated that NRON alleviates atrial fibrosis via promoting NFATc3 phosphorylation.
NFATc3-deletion attenuated metabolism syndrome, reduced inflammatory regulators expression, inactivated NF-kappaB (p65), Caspase-3 and p38/JNK signaling pathway.
FZD5 is a receptor for SFRP2 and mediates SFRP2-induced angiogenesis via calcineurin/NFATc3 pathway in endothelial cells.
Redirected splicing of calcineurin A to the fetal isoforms in adult muscle and in differentiated C2C12 slows the timing of muscle relaxation, promotes nuclear localization of calcineurin target Nfatc3, and/or affects expression of Nfatc transcription targets.
Our study demonstrates that Orai1-Ca(2+)-calcineurin-NFATc4 signaling is an essential inflammatory pathway required for TNFalpha-induced endothelial cell activation and vascular inflammation. Therefore, Orai1 may be a potential therapeutic target for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Both NFATc3 knock-out mice and ILK conditional-knockdown mice (cKD-ILK) display symptoms of NDI (polyuria and reduced AQP2 expression).
we found that VIP inhibits NFAT nuclear translocation in primary human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC). Early activation of NFATc3 in IPF patients may contribute to disease progression and the increase in VIP expression could be a protective compensatory mechanism
the transcription factor NFATC3 binds to IRF7 and functions synergistically to enhance IRF7-mediated IFN expression in Plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
Ca(2+) influx through ASIC1 mediates chronic hypoxia and ET-1-induced NFATc3 nuclear import and 2) the scaffolding protein PICK1 is necessary for NFATc3 nuclear import.
AKAP150-calcineurin signaling dyad is essential for the activation of the phosphatase and the subsequent down-regulation of Kv channel currents following myocardial infarction.
Study defines the NFAT4/ miR-324-5p/Mtfr1 axis, which participates in the regulation of mitochondrial fission and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
Nuclear factor of activated T cells is activated in the endothelium of retinal microvessels in diabetic mice
Disrupting the calcineurin-NFAT axis by either genetic or pharmacologic approaches confers resistance to the development of social stress-induced voiding and dysfunction.
NFATc3 interacted in a SUMO-dependent manner with Trim17, an E3 ubiquitin ligase necessary for neuronal apoptosis
A calcineurin- and NFAT-dependent pathway is involved in alpha-synuclein-induced degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in a Parkinson's disease mouse model.
study demonstrates for the first time that NFATc3 is necessary for macrophage iNOS expression during sepsis, which is essential for containment of bacterial infections.
GRK5, acting in a kinase independent manner, is a facilitator of NFAT activity and part of a DNA-binding complex responsible for pathological hypertrophic gene transcription.
Low intracellular hydrogen peroxide contributes to NFATc3 activation in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle.
NGF facilitates depolarization-induced NFAT activation by stimulating PI3K/Akt signaling, inactivating GSK3beta, and thereby slowing NFATc3 export from the nucleus
Toxoplasma GRA6-dependent NFAT4 activation is required for T. gondii manipulation of host immune responses to maximize the parasite virulence in a strain-dependent manner.
Expression of the NFATC3-PLA2G15 chimera correlated with aggressive disease biology in murine patient-derived T-ALL xenografts, and poor prognosis in human T-ALL patients.
The NFATc3 first induced the expression of its interaction partner FosB before forming the heterodimeric NFATc3-FosB transcription factor complex, which bound the proximal AP-1 site in the TF gene promoter and activated TF expression.
NFAT1 is stimulated by subplasmalemmal Ca2+ microdomains, whereas NFAT4 additionally requires Ca2+ mobilization from the inner nuclear envelope by nuclear InsP3 receptors.
Calcineurin together with its upstream molecule, calpain 2, and its downstream effector, NFAT-c3, might contribute to the development of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart valve disease and diabetes.
two NFAT isoforms (NFAT4 and NFAT1) have shifted band-pass windows for the same receptor in the GPCR signaling pathway
Data indicate that RNA interference of NFAT isoforms NFATc1, NFATc2, NFATc3 and NFATc4 regulate gene expression differentially in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMEC).
Results show that two protein isoforms NFAT1 and NFAT4 are both cytosolic and stimulated by the same Ca2+ messenger but require distinct subcellular Ca2+ signals for activity.
Suggest nuclear NF-AT3 and NF-AT4 participates in atrial structural remodeling, and that PICP and TGF-beta1 levels may be sensitive serum biomarkers to estimate atrial structural remodeling with atrial fibrillation.
Microvesicles from tumor cells transferred TrpC5 to endothelial cells, inducing the expression of P-glycoprotein by activation of the transcription factor NFATc3 (nuclear factor of activated T cells isoform c3).
AP-1 and NFAT4 complex promotes miR-23a expression.
The closely related transcription factors NFAT1 and NFAT4 possess distinct nuclear localization dynamics in response to cell stimulation.
Data indicate that NFATc3 undergoes rapid dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation that are essentially complete within 20 min, although NFATc4 remains phosphorylated and localized to the cytosol.
Abeta-activated NFAT4 proteins were associated with astrocytic BACE1 gene expression via direct interaction with the BACE1 promoter region.
The authors report that NFAT4 and NF-kappaB interact at the KB element to co-operatively activate both human polyomavirus JC early and late transcription and viral DNA replication.
NFATc3 is specifically required for IL2 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) gene expression in T cells and for T-cell proliferation and NFATc3 regulates COX2 in endothelial cells
NF-AT affects neural convergent extension.
transcriptional control of morphological and electrophysiological properties of neurons is mediated by distinct NFAT interactions
The product of this gene is a member of the nuclear factors of activated T cells DNA-binding transcription complex. This complex consists of at least two components: a preexisting cytosolic component that translocates to the nucleus upon T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation and an inducible nuclear component. Other members of this family participate to form this complex also. The product of this gene plays a role in the regulation of gene expression in T cells and immature thymocytes. Several transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.
cytoplasmic nuclear factor of activated T-cells 3
, nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin-dependent 3
, nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3
, nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3-like
, NF-ATc3
, T-cell transcription factor NFAT4
, T cell transcription factor NFAT4
, nuclear factor of activated T-cells c3 isoform IE-Xa
, nuclear factor of activated T-cell


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Ardle's Grave
Mound (Period Unassigned), Standing Stone (Prehistoric)
Site Name Ardle's Grave
Classification Mound (Period Unassigned), Standing Stone (Prehistoric)
Alternative Name(s) Giant's Grave
Canmore ID 27581
Site Number NO06SE 2
Datum OSGB36 - NGR
Permalink http://canmore.org.uk/site/27581
- Council Perth And Kinross
- Parish Moulin
- Former Region Tayside
- Former District Perth And Kinross
- Former County Perthshire
(NO 0630 6279) Standing Stone and Ardle's Grave (NR)
OS 25" map (1867)
Ardle's Grave is known locally as the Giant's Grave. It is a mound 19 ft long, 2 ft 6 ins to 3 ft wide, and about 20 ins high; it is set NW and SE (see plan). A monolith 5 ft 4 ins high, 16 ins wide and 6 ins thick stands at its NW end. At the SE end is a rounded boulder about 20 ins thick and nearly 2 ft broad.
F R Coles 1908
Many human bones have been dug up in the peaty soil around the grave during planting operations.
J H Dixon 1925
Situated on what was a slight morainic mound, the Giant's Grave is generally as described, planned and illustrated by Coles. On the E face of the standing stone there are very faint traces of a possible incised cross. The name "Ardle's Grave" is not known, "Giant's Grave" being the local name in general use. No information on the bones mentioned by Dixon could be obtained.
Visited by OS (RD) 9 April 1968
NO 0631 6279. No change. This monument is within a private garden, and the mound, which has no obvious stone content, is covered by a flower bed. Nothing remains to suggest a once larger cairn structure. No trace of the possible incised cross was found on the weathered and lichen-covered standing stone.
Surveyed at 1:2500.
Visited by OS (JRL) 8 September 1980
This stone stands in the garden of the lodge to Dirnanean. It measures 0.4m by 0.15m in section and is 1.7m in height. On the SE face of the stone, 0.75m below the top, there is a shallow rectangular rebate, 290mm long by 90mm wide, cut across the face from the NE side. The stone is set at the NW end of a low mound (now a flower bed) which measures 5.8m in length by 1.8m in breadth and 0.4m in height. At the SE end of the mound there is a rounded boulder about 0.7m wide and 0.5m high. The date and purpose of these remains are unknown but it is not likely to be a prehistoric standing stone.
Visited by RCAHMS (SH) 29 February 1988.


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The landmarks are just as premeditated
in person—I collect as evidence
the clavicle bones of our inert museums,
the broad park I meet my little sister down
one toothless lunch hour like the soft
unfinished insides of her backpack.
She is knee-sick and fawning on her felt-tipped prize
for exceeding her bones in the sprinting test.
The children laughed how her torso
clatters like a chain-link fence,
red sugar from the jawbreaker
ringing their lips like aurorae.
Now they shake their names
from the vending machine, rueful.
The museum is taut and hollowed
as a gourd inside, a cavity of vaulted air,
and girls go out in the predatory air
seeking to communicate nothing
with freckled cheekbones,
the kink of a young ankle
in a roller skate, to no avail.
What medicine blue on the map
was living once? I tell you
neither the school nor the avenue,
the ocean with its annotated coasts,
the highway emptying numbers
in the ocean. For the park scene
the barest of all colors, the jawbreaker's
pastel strata—slight green of the green space,
little sister's white-blonde roller skates,
the sky alights tender as a coffee cup.
Alice Bolin's poetry appears or is forthcoming in Ninth Letter, FIELD, Blackbird, Hayden's Ferry Review, and Washington Square, among other journals. Her nonfiction is featured regularly on the arts and culture website This Recording, The Paris Review Daily, and elsewhere around the internet. She lives in Missoula, Montana.
Image courtesy hddod


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You can change the name of your channel(s) anytime and as often as you like.
Your channel name is what will be displayed in your app.
- Go to "Settings" from the user dashboard.
- Change your channel name.
- Hit "SAVE"
Attention! Changing subdomain names can cause issues:
No panic!
We just wanted to remind you that you should not change the URL name here, as it will cause a broken link to your channel. So, any Editors or Readers who had access to that channel before will not be able to access it anymore.
BUT, you can change the name of your channel as many times as you want.


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I HAVE had my complaints about air travel. However, I'm not sure that these are going to be addressed by buying a service that includes "bypassing the main terminals and other passengers" to be "whisked by luxury limousine" across the tarmac to the side of my airplane.
But according to the promotions for Heathrow Airport's V.I.P. Service, you or I may actually purchase this exalted level of service at the London airport, joining "the world's most discerning passengers," for a mere 1,500 pounds, about $2,500, before tax, every time you use the service.
In my own definition of discerning passenger, all I require is a sensibly priced seat that doesn't jam my knees aboard an airplane where the bathrooms, bins and entertainment systems work, on a safely operated flight that will arrive at a place that's reasonably close to where I ultimately wish to be (hopefully sometime the same day).
Call me a piker. Frankly, being whisked by vehicle across the tarmac to the foot of the airplane stairs sounds to me a lot like being luggage — but hey, the tarmac-whisking is only a part of Heathrow's V.I.P. Service, which includes a private lounge where you can mingle with the others among the discerning till a "V.I.P. Liaison" escorts you through security and to the airplane where said escort "will present you to the airline."
Yes, we may laugh. But the fact is, airlines and airports all over the world are profitably selling such exclusive services — which used to be quietly provided just for heads of state, diplomats and major celebrities — to the flying public.
Here's what's going on. For several years, airlines have been raising additional revenue by putting price tags on things that used to be included in the fare (checked bags, for example, or pillows), or offered as loyalty-program perks to elite fliers. In 2013, such extra charges yielded global airlines $42.6 billion in additional revenue, according to estimates by IdeaWorksCompany, a consulting firm that specializes in ancillary revenue for airlines.
In recent years, airlines and even airports have wrung money from even more perks and created fancy ones to sell. One result is a swell of dissatisfaction with elite-status mileage programs among airlines' most loyal customers.
Last week, IdeaWorks issued a fascinating report, "V.I.P. for a Fee," which describes the various V.I.P. services airlines offer at airports. The services often include airport curbside-to-plane personal escorts, priority check-in and even fripperies, such as being driven to the airplane by limousine. (By the way, that usually requires the fancy-pants passenger to climb steep stairs from the tarmac to the airplane.)
Jay Sorensen, the president of IdeaWorks, said that this marketing was "a way for an airline to reach deeper into the pockets of people who are willing to pay more for a higher level of service." Those people are typically high-spending travelers who are not beholden to strict company travel and preferred-airline policies, "a small portion of the marketplace," Mr. Sorensen said.
He said V.I.P. services that used to be provided quietly are now being openly marketed because: "Airlines are realizing that they can actually sell this. And we're going to see more and more of that, because it works."
The revenue is immediately seen by airline executives and investors on airline income statements, while the benefit of spending money on the perks of elite loyalty programs isn't as apparent, he said.
The successful marketing of the V.I.P. services "has alerted airline executives to the possibility that: Hey, we don't have to give all these things away for free. We can actually generate profits from selling them, as opposed to bundling them as some sort of elite-status perk," Mr. Sorensen said.
To me, this highlights a disconcerting trend toward imposing almost-medieval degrees of social stratification on air travel. This trend can be most easily witnessed in that absurd routine you see at airport boarding gates, where the agent invites premium and elite passengers to board along a blue or red carpet and then quickly closes that lane off with a rope and directs the nonprivileged to walk on a gray-carpeted lane next to it.
But that's only the stuff most of us see. For the right price, there's a whole new level of privileged service at the airport — not to be confused with the spectacular levels of in-flight service (private compartments, bathrooms with showers, sumptuous beds, haute cuisine) being marketed by international airlines in first-class and business-class cabins, all unseen by coach passengers shoehorned in the back into 10-across rows.
While continuing to sell basic coach travel at basic fares, airlines are focusing more on higher-value customers, including those who spend a lot using the airline-branded credit card and those who will pay a lot to be treated like V.I.P.s.
"It's a caste system," said Ralph Nader, the consumer activist. "It's all part of stratifying the consumer, which the computer makes possible. And they're going to keep doing this. They will appeal more and more to the top 10 percent that doesn't care about cost."
As Mr. Sorensen said, "There's no easier way to profit from a customer relationship than to establish the relationship with someone who can actually open up their wallet and decide what they're going to buy and who they're going to buy it from."


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The Disappearing Year
2014 is disappearing, like water down a plug hole. I have never known a year go so quickly.
That is probably why I am just catching up with blog writing at the end of September, when my last post was at Easter.
In my job, the summer is usually a quieter time – but it has not been so this year. I try not to use the language of 'being busy' and I work hard to manage my time so that I don't get into the' busy trap' but this year has been full – full of weddings, funerals, people, visiting friends and family, sharing in joys and sorrows and trying to keep on top of emails and desk work. These are mostly good things, but life has been full and I am tired.
Holidays have been short and scarce this year too. I want to take holidays, and try to take them, but in my current role I have to arrange cover for all my services and commitments before I can go away, and that has not worked out. There is simply no one to do that here. I have some possibilities for next year, so hopefully that will change.