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About twelve years ago, I gave a paper at a conference on "Women's Health and Human Rights" at the Vatican. A highlight of the event was a special audience for the conference participants with Pope John Paul II. To the surprise and delight of his listeners, he benignly proclaimed "Io sono il Papa feminista"— "I am the feminist pope." And Pope John Paul II meant it. In 1988, he had issued an apostolic letter, Mulieris Dignitatem, with the English title On the Dignity and Vocation of Women. He repeatedly called for the development of a "new feminism" which would honor and celebrate the "feminine genius" in all walks of life, public as well as private, in the work world as well as the domestic world.
A Feminist Church?
More broadly, if feminism is ultimately about affirming the dignity and well-being of women, we must applaud the many crucial ways in which the Roman Catholic Church as a whole is a feminist Church. It has done an enormous amount of good for women in precarious circumstances throughout the world, Catholic and non-Catholic alike. For example, the Catholic Agency for Overseas Development, Gender & Women runs programs around the world that help women organize into cooperatives for the production and marketing of goods; provides shelters for basic needs; educational programs in literacy; and training in business knowledge and empowerment. The Mother Teresa School for Girls in Ghana educates over 550 girls from preschool through high school. At the same time, it is safe to say that many people don't share the late Pope's easy association of feminism and the papacy. In fact, there are some—both feminists and Catholics—who would bristle at the association.
Secular feminists have frequently decried Catholicism as opposed to the flourishing of women, in particular its opposition of contraception and abortion. For their part, officials in the Vatican have regularly published broad denunciations of feminism, castigating its destructive effects on society and the family, particularly children, both born and unborn. Sometimes, Catholic women find themselves caught in the middle, loving their Church and their faith, but dispirited by occasional statements that suggest that the Vatican views them as disordered or defiled, simply by virtue of their being women. I am thinking here, of course, of the public relations firestorm raised by the Vatican's recent announcement of two sacramental crimes: clergy sexual abuse and the attempt to ordain a woman. Even women who support the Church's restriction of the priesthood to males winced at the grouping of these two acts in the same document.
So how do we sort out the convergences and divergences between Catholicism and feminism? There will, of course, be the need for nuanced historical, cultural, and geographic studies. Neither Catholicism nor feminism can be encapsulated in a bullet point on an outline. The tensions between the two are not the same in the United States as they are in sub-Saharan Africa. At the same time, nuanced rigorous comparative analysis of the normative frameworks of Catholicism and feminism sorely needs to be undertaken. Facilitating this sort of analysis, of course, is a central purpose of the "Contending Modernities" project, which will unfold over a period of several years.
Here and now, however, I can only briefly suggest that we give some consideration to three normative polarities within the Roman Catholic framework itself, polarities which help illuminate how John Paul II could honestly and truly say that he is a feminist pope, on the one hand, and there could also be significant points of strain between Catholicism and feminism, on the other. These three polarities are: 1) Equality and Difference; 2) Nature and Nurture; and 3) Complementarity and Collaboration. Many Catholics see these tensions as creative, and affirm the importance of holding onto both poles in each polarity. Catholics want to affirm, after all, that men and women are equal—and that are not the identical in every significant respect. So, for that matter, do many feminists. What, then, is the root of the antagonism? In my view, a significant part of it is attributable to fear. Each party fears that the other is in danger of letting go of one pole, to the detriment of women and indeed, to the detriment of all of society. So in order to help feminists and Catholics to come to a better understanding of each other, we need to examine the fears of each group.
Equality and Difference
On the one hand, the Catholic tradition has long held that all human beings are made in the image and likeness of God, equal in dignity, possessing the same human nature, no matter their sex, race, ethnicity, or social status (Gal. 3:28). On the other hand, the Church does not see human persons as purely spiritual bundles of reason and will. We don't merely have bodies, we are embodied, and that embodiment s part of the goodness of God's creation. In particular, our different embodiment as either male or female is a divinely ordained aspect of the created order, which needs to be honored and respected if humanity is to flourish. In a nutshell, the Vatican worries that some strands of secular Western feminism are emphasizing the first point—equality—to the detriment of the second point—difference. It worries that this obscures the ontological difference between men and women, and the goodness of that difference for both individuals and society. In particular, it fears that an insufficient appreciation of difference will denigrate women's unique power as mothers, who shape and nurture the next generation.
But the Vatican isn't the only one who has worries. Feminists are worried too. The way in which some Vatican documents—and some supporters of papal feminism—try to specify these differences between men and women concerns feminists, because it can seem as as if certain character traits are being defined and imposed as either "male" or "female" without any regard for empirical study or individual difference. And that definition and imposition, they believe, contributes to inequality. Consider, for example, the position of papal feminist Gloria Conde: Quoting Judith M. Bardwick, she writes: "The 'masculine' is equivalent to the objective, analytical, active, inclined to thought, rational, indomitable, interfering, one who obstructs, independent, self-sufficient, emotionally controlled, and self-assured. With his mind, the man distinguishes, analyzes, separates, and perfects. The 'feminine' corresponds to the subjective, intuitive, passive, tender, sensitive, easily influenced, docile, receptive, empathetic, dependent, emotional, and conservative. Her mind picks up relations, she possesses intuitive perception of sentiments, and she tends to unite rather than divide."
The trouble with this sort of sharply dichotomous understanding of the difference between men and women is that it undermines women who are doing jobs that don't correspond in every respect to the traditional "feminine" virtues. In the beginning of my teaching career, for example, a young man came to me about a grade; he was upset that he got a B+ in my class. Couldn't I see how he was really an A student; how the low grade I gave him marred the perfection of his transcript, how important it was to him to get an A for his future career? I told him I could see—but I still couldn't change the grade. It wouldn't be just. As he left the office in frustration, he offered a final reproach: "But you're a woman. You're supposed to be nice!"
Nature and Nurture
Where do these differences between men and women come from, anyway? This question brings us to a second flash point between Catholicism and feminism: the polarity between nature and nurture. On the one hand, the Catholic tradition recognizes that human beings are essentially social—our understandings of who we are, of our place in the world, are shaped and transmitted by the languages, cultures, and societies in which we live. On the other hand, that tradition also proclaims that there is some irreducible core of "human nature" that remains constant across time, place, and culture. Let me emphasize the importance of the Church's commitment to the notion of a common human nature. It forms the basis not only for the proclamation of equal human dignity, but also for the tradition's confidence in the possibility of articulating some basis for a universal morality that transcends particular religious and cultural traditions.
In our cosmopolitan and fractious world, I believe that commitment to human nature will be increasingly indispensable. The Vatican believes that the secular West has gone too far in endorsing the first pole—nurture—to the detriment of the second pole—nature. It worries that the idea that human nature, including sex and gender, are completely malleable does not give enough weight to the created order, whose intricate pattern is embedded in the physical and psychic structure of human beings. The Vatican is making an important point. Nature matters. Some differences between males and females seem ingrained, not imposed. That point is brought home immediately and intuitively to anyone who has ever beheld an eighteen-month-old boy cheerfully repurposing a Barbie doll as a hammer.
More scientifically, we know that endocrinologists are making great strides in understanding the way in which male and female hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen, affect our brains, and therefore influence our ability to reason and to choose. The mind and the body are not separate entities. It is a serious anthropological mistake to think of human beings as androgynous minds encased in male or female bodies. For their part, however, feminists worry that what some people view as the designs of nature are in fact not natural at all, but are in fact the deceptive mask worn by ingrained patterns of sexism. Consider, for example, the article on "Woman" in the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia, in which one of the authors maintains that the education of women should be directed toward their roles as wives and mothers. The author hastens to observe that "the Catholic Church places here no barriers that have not already been established by nature." While a few women might go on to earn higher degrees, he asserts that "the sexes can never be on an equality as regards studies pursued at a university." Ironically, that assertion may be turning out to be correct—just not in the author supposed. A recent study showed that women outnumber men at every degree level in higher education in the United States—even, since last year, with respect to Ph.Ds. Men still outnumber women in some fields, such as engineering, but overall the educational gap between men and woman has closed, and even begun to reverse itself.
Complementarity and Collaboration
With all these women flooding the educational system, men find themselves competing for advancement and academic honor not only with other men, but also with women. Is that worrisome? Pope Benedict XVI has expressed concern about the increasing relationship of competition between men and women, and calls instead for a collaborative relationship between the sexes. (See, e.g., Joseph Ratzinger, "On the Collaboration of Men and Women in the Church and in the World.") In his view, the basis of a collaborative relationship is the recognition of the complementary gifts and skills of men and women. Men and women should view themselves and their roles as complementary, not as competitive; women in particular should not aim to emulate the strengths of men, but should instead nurture their own distinct gifts. Complementarity, in his view, is most clearly visible in the roles that men and women play in marriage and family life, but it is also should be visible in other contexts as well. One of the hallmarks of papal feminism, in fact, is an effort to define the "feminine genius" in all spheres of women's existence in terms of the virtues of motherhood.
For their part, feminists are worried about the call to complementarity, not necessarily because they are opposed to the idea that both men and women bring some distinct and important gifts to human society, but because of the way that idea tends to work out in practice. In fact, they fear it undermines collaboration, which in Latin means "working together, " because it tends to promote both separation and practical inequality. The great Protestant theologian Karl Barth explicated male-female complementarity in terms of A and B; one need not be a psychic accurately to guess which sex is assigned to the B position. The way the concept of complementarity works in geometry also reveal the potential problem: Two angles are complementary if they add up to 90 degrees. If we begin with a 68 degree angle, then the complementary angle must be 22 degrees. The complementary angle is all and only that which the primary angle is not.
Analogously, if we begin with a man, then a woman must be all and only that which a man is not—her role is to fill in the gaps. If complementarity is taken too far, then, it does not facilitate collaboration, but rather fosters entirely separate spheres of interest and specialization. The concept of complementarity notion rightly affirms the importance—and unique demands—of motherhood on women. But how does it account for the gifts, ambitions, and concerns that men and women share in common? How does it account for the fact that men and women have many of the same talents, as well as different talents? It ought not, in my view, to be considered a destructive form of competition for men and women to strive for excellence—together—in the many areas and interests which they share. The common pursuit of excellence—or virtue—is also a type of collaboration. In fact, it is a key element of the classical definition of friendship.
My larger goal for Notre Dame's Contending Modernities Project is that it will broadly exemplify the collaboration spoken of so movingly by Pope Benedict XVI. I look forward to collaboration among Catholics, Muslims, and secular thinkers, collaboration between men and women, and collaboration between papal feminists and secular feminists. I anticipate collaboration in the pursuit of excellence and in furtherance of the common good. Most importantly, I hope for collaboration as we address our fears, build our trust, and cultivate our friendship.
This post is the text of the remarks Prof. Kaveny delivered at the public launch of Contending Modernities on November 19, 2010.


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454 words in 5 posts over 33 weeks, 6 days
166 words by attila written on 2013–01–24, last edit: 2013–01–24, tags: mexico, pigs, wod
Civilians arm themselves to police 2 Mexican towns leading officials to promise more security - The Washington Post.
I dislike pointing at WaPo and it's a fairly shit article but the headline really says it all. Americans are all talk. All of this … read more
49 words by attila written on 2012–11–05, last edit: 2012–11–05, tags: banks, capitalism, drugs, empire, mexico, pigs, wod, zh
How a big US bank laundered billions from Mexico's murderous drug gangs | World news | The Observer.
This is not news and the article is not recent but I don't have a pointer to a source on this anywhere and this is as good as any. … read more
89 words by attila written on 2013–08–30, last edit: 2013–08–30, tags: budget, narco, numbers, pigs, wod
Latin American Herald Tribune - Government Report Exaggerated Mexican Cartel Presence in U.S. Post Reports.
It turns out that inflation is everywhere not just at the grocery store. According to the DOJ those rascally Mexican narcos are EVERYWHERE now - why you can just throw a rock in any direction and hit one … read more
15 words by attila written on 2013–01–04, last edit: 2013–01–04, tags: capitalism, drugs, env, mexico, wod
Mexican drug gangs dig into mining industry - Features - Al Jazeera English.
We are all narcos. … read more
135 words by attila written on 2012–05–31, last edit: 2012–05–31, tags: empire, latin, wod
Nicaragua's 'revolutionary' drug war - Opinion - Al Jazeera English.
My favorite bit is the first paragraph under the heading Legalise It :
"Legalisation doesn't make sense " Ortega remarked around the same time other leaders in the region were talking decriminalisation in … read more
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The 1880s were a time of great change. The Industrial Revolution was speeding along with all its technological wonders!
Can you imagine? Before this time, people were used to only living their evening hours by candle-light or oil lamps. That encouraged early bedtimes for sure!
But now - the electric light was on its way! Thomas Edison was establishing his electric power plants. Cities could soon provide lighting to streets and homes. What other amazing things were happening?
In Tombstone Arizona, some of these events affected life more than others. When we walk around town and look at the historic buildings, we think about that! What were the specifics of the 19th century in the Wild West, in Tombstone and in Arizona?
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In the 1880s Native Americans inhabited areas surrounding Tombstone AZ.
Original Native Peoples resided in what's currently Cochise and Santa Cruz Counties and up into Pima County. They were the Sobaipuri, residents before the invading Europeans arrived. Sometimes they're referred to with the Papago name Rsársavinâ which essentially means "spotted." Mostly found living in the San Pedro River Valley up to the river's source in the Huachuca Mountains. They ranged as far West as the Santa Cruz River, and in Southeastern Arizona possibly to the New Mexico border.
The Apaches were nomadic, and had intermittent bases in the area. There were several bands which populated Southeastern Arizona. As a raiding peoples, they likely forced the Sobaipuri further Westward. This aggregated them along the Santa Cruz River, intermingling with other Papago bands.
In the 1800s people were motivated to move West to begin new lives. After the Louisiana Purchase in the early part of the century, the government's plan for Western migration encouraged them. The principle of Manifest Destiny, influenced by religious beliefs also promoted this Westward movement.
Economic interests for land use motivated others. Homestead Acts offered land to be worked and improved. Many families came West to take advantage of that. People tended to settle in areas where land was offered, where other family members or known cultural groups settled, and where frontier towns provided opportunity. Their major mode of transportation was by horseback, Conestoga Wagon (Prairie Schooner) and in Stagecoaches.
But the railroad was changing the ability for people to travel the country. To be able to move around a little easier. The first Transcontinental Railway was completed in May 1869.1
These early towns were usually built around mining, railroads, protective army forts or water access. Initially they lacked typical organizational amenities such as a government with law enforcement or banking. Inns were available, but typically established in large canvas tent buildings. Quickly lawless elements entered.
Gamblers, Old West Gunfighters, Western Outlaws, and Bordellos all became a part of these frontier towns. As more families moved into an area, concerned citizens wanted to improve life. Lawmen were appointed. City governments and town banks were established. Laws were enacted regulating firearms and guns in town.
Tombstone, Arizona, where we became modern-day residents, is a good example of such a town!
When visiting town, your Tombstone exploration will find historic buildings still here from the 19th century. We love roaming through the historic parts of town. If you're interested in early American history, we really recommend a trip to Tombstone Arizona.
Here are local city guide suggestions, reflecting 1880s Tombstone, of places you can see today:
1 Bowman, J.N. (1957, Sept.) Driving the last spike at Promontory, 1869. California Historical Society Quarterly, Vol. XXXVI, 3. Retrieved from http://cprr.org/Museum/Bowman_Last_Spike_CHS.html
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- 2 medium egg
- 3 regular slice crust not eaten Whole Wheat Bread
- 1/4 serving (serving = 1 cup) Silk Pure Almond Milk - Unsweetened Original
- 1/2 serving (serving = 1 scoop) Muscle Milk Vanilla Creme Protein Powder
- 1 serving (serving = 1 bar) Quest Cookies & Cream Bar
- Quest cookies and cream French toast cinnamon rolls
- 3 slices whole wheat bread with crusts cut off
- 1/2 scoop vanilla protein
- Almond Milk, as needed
- 2 eggs
- 1 quest cookies and cream, rolled out flat
- In a small bowl, combine your protein powder with your milk until thick in consistency.
- Set aside.
- In another bowl, whisk your eggs with about 1/4 cup milk and also set this aside.
- Remove crust from your bread then line the bread slices up next to each other.
- Tightly pinch the ends together so your 3 pieces of bread are one long, continuous piece.
- Spread protein mixture on top then lay the quest bar as evenly on top of the bread as you can.
- You may have to cut it up to get it fit.
- Careully roll up the bread, like you would with cinnamon roll dough, and cut off pieces.
- Cook like regular French toast on a skillet, making sure to flip so it cooks evenly on both sides.
- Top with desired toppings.


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Roughly 9 million Americans lost their health insurance as a result of the economic downturn, according to a new report*. In all, an estimated 52 million Americans are currently without health insurance.
Report: 9 Million Americans Lost Health Insurance Due to Unemployment
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In committee.
Clause 1.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: The Hon. Tammy Franks raised a couple of questions during her second reading contribution for which I have answers, and I indicated that I would take time at clause 1 to provide those answers. In relation to the Hon. Tammy Franks's question about the provision of evidence where the public interest test, as it currently stands, has failed and whether there has been evidence of policy failure, there is a significant need to reform this very out of date area of legislation. The government receives correspondence from members of the public about security cameras that are pointed towards adjacent properties, sometimes intentionally or unintentionally, depending on whether neighbourhood disputes are involved or not.
In relation to the Hon. Tammy Franks' question about the scope of the definition of 'media organisation', the government has proposed amendments to the definition of 'media organisation' and will enable those that would not fall within the scope to be included in regulation if the government is of the opinion that they are legitimate media organisations. Furthermore, the definition was never intended to cover all areas of the industry. Organisations that do not fall within the scope of the definition will still be able to apply for a judicial order.
In relation to the Hon. Tammy Franks' question about consultation with various industry groups, the government did not consult with these groups prior to the introduction of the 2015 bill but has considered their concerns in this and previous iterations of the bill. These matters have been considered for many years. Like animal welfare groups and other interest groups, industrial organisations will be able to use the various methods provided in the bill to communicate and publish information that is in the public interest.
In relation to the Hon. Tammy Franks' question about what model the government has based this bill on, I have been advised the government has based this bill on several interstate acts as well as included its own provisions that it considers appropriate. The bill is considered by the government to be an appropriate middle ground between interstate acts that are both more or less restrictive in nature. Examples include those in New South Wales, Victoria and Western Australia, and in those states the act appears to work, I am advised, without any significant issues.
The Hon. K.L. VINCENT: I indicate very briefly that Dignity for Disability also has significant concerns about the current drafting of this bill, particularly the requirement to get a court order to pass a public interest test. We have a question about how this would affect not only animal welfare organisations but, say, individual workers in a residential care setting—in an aged care home, for example—or even at a disability service provider where abuse is often not uncovered until a particular individual films it. If you need any examples of this, look at the Yooralla case in Victoria or even the Winterbourne View case in the UK where a journalist got a job undercover as a disability support worker and, with a secret camera, uncovered horrific abuse which led to the shutting down of that particular home. So, we have significant concerns about what this could lead to and, for that reason, we will support the Greens' amendment.
The Hon. A.L. McLACHLAN: I thought I might quickly outline the plan of attack from the Liberal Party's perspective. The Liberal Party will be pursuing its amendments. We understand and are thankful that the government is agreeing to support our amendments Nos 2, 3, 4 and 5. We will be supporting the government's amendments in relation to the removal of the RSPCA. The government and the Liberal opposition have not come to a meeting of minds in relation to clause 3 and the definition of 'media', and we will have that debate in this committee stage.
I flag to the committee that I may be seeking to move a motion to recommit back to clause 3, depending on the outcome of the committee, potentially to enable more time for parties and members of the Legislative Council and the relevant ministers in the other place to potentially come to some sort of agreement. Otherwise, obviously the bill will ultimately have to pass.
Clause passed.
Clause 2 passed.
Clause 3.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: I move:
Amendment No 1 [EmpHESkills– 1 ]—
Page 5 , line s 26 and 27 [clause 3 (1) , definition of media organisation, (b) ]—Delete paragraph (b) and substitute:
(b) any other organisation prescribed by the regulations;
This amendment addresses concerns raised by the opposition and media groups that there will be some media organisations which do not fall within the definition of the clause as it is currently written. By allowing organisations to be prescribed by a regulation the government will be able to include genuine media organisations.
The Hon. A.L. McLACHLAN: The legislative mechanism to be moved by the government and proposed by the Attorney, of course, is that by regulation a list of relevant media organisations will be incorporated, effectively, by reference through the regulations. It is our understanding from those bodies that have made representations to us that this is unacceptable to them at this stage.
We have proposed a different amendment which we will come to which has, obviously, a broader definition within the act. So, at this point in time the Liberal Party's view is that it would prefer to have a definition of 'media organisation' rather than a list incorporated by regulations. Accordingly, I now move:
Amendment No 1 [McLachlan–1]—
P age 5, lines 21 to 27 [clause 3(1), definition of media organisation ]—Delete the definition of media organisation and substitute 'media organisation means an organisation whose activities consist of or include the collection, preparation for dissemination or dissemination of the following material for the purpose of making it available to the public:
(a) material having the character of news, current affairs, information or a documentary;
(b) material consisting of commentary or opinion on, or analysis of, news, current affairs, information or a documentary;
Our definition is broader than the definition that is currently in the bill. So, the question for members of the chamber is what is the scope of what they want to define as 'media'.
Certain media organisations complain and have submitted to us that they do not come within, necessarily, the definition that is set out in the original drafting of the bill as tabled by the government. This is broader and is taken from the commonwealth Privacy Act, and is expansive, and would include the capture of anyone that is in modern media and modern contribution to the internet, as we would understand its drafting.
There have been some counterarguments expressed that the 'new media', if I could call it that, should not be included. So, the debate we are having is: should it be restricted to particular media, and the government say, 'Yes, those which are recognised'—and I should say probably traditional media—and whether it should extend to new media where people are making contributions to discussion groups, for example, on the internet. Also, this broader definition captures material which would be delivered to traditional media.
We are really debating on this clause the dividing line between what is media; and the government says 'traditional media'. Because of the representations made to them, they have sought to allay concerns of particular industry groups by saying that they will consider a list incorporated by regulation, which is why they have moved their amendment. At this point in time, our position is that we consider a broader definition of media.
It really depends on your personal heuristics, where you view who should be an actor under this bill when it is enacted, and if you take the narrow view because you wish restricted, then you would probably seek a narrower definition. If you are minded, as we are at the moment, that more individuals or organisations should be included then you would perhaps side towards the position of the opposition. I will not speak on behalf of the Greens, but there is a further view, of course, of an even more broader approach.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: I would like to put on record that, yes, the Greens do have an amendment in this clause but first I would like to note that the opposition has indicated that they will probably seek to recommit this clause. The Greens welcome that approach, and we call on the government to explain to the chamber how we can trust them to get this right in the regulations when they could not get it right in the bill itself. Why did they leave the West Australian newspaper out? Why they leave The Guardian online out of their original definition? Why did they leave Yahoo7? Those three organisations are well recognised, reputable media organisations. Can the government clarify whether or not InDaily complied with the previous definition?
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: The government rises to oppose this amendment. We believe that the amendments we have filed in terms of the way we propose to deal with this through regulation more than adequately deal with this issue, and the amendment proposed by the Hon. Andrew McLachlan is just far too broad and we do not support that. For instance, I have been advised that anyone who is a blogger could describe themselves as media and would be able to have access through the Hon. Andrew McLachlan's amendment. Clearly the government does not believe that all bloggers, just by virtue of the fact that they blog, should have right to be considered to be media.
With the issue Hon. Tammy Franks raises, the government in its first consideration of these matters made a decision to have a narrow group of media eligible to apply, and that is why some of these other organisations were left off. It has now gone away, listened to what people have said, reconsidered its position and has now come forward with a compromise position, that is, to use regulation to allow any genuine media outlet to have access to this. We believe we have done the right thing, we have listened to the concerns of people and we have made provisions and compromises accordingly.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: Can the government explain why they left out the West Australian, Yahoo7, The Guardian online and possibly InDaily, and confirm whether or not InDaily did or did not fall within their previous definition, noting that their previous definition actually covered many hundreds of media organisations, many of which would equate to quite localised, very small operations.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: I have already answered the question and that is that when we first looked at it we looked at a much narrower range and made a selection accordingly.
The Hon. D.G.E. HOOD: I thank the Hon. Mr McLachlan for explaining his amendment. As he explained it was my understanding of it, but I thank him for that. I am inclined to support the Hon. Mr McLachlan's amendment, the reason being that, in an age of expanding media, it will be increasingly difficult under regulation to nominate each individual organisation that is considered. The onus, as I understand it, under the government's amendment, is for them to apply, but they may not know that they need to apply, which is the problem with it. As it stands I am open to negotiation on this. To be honest, I am probably not completely convinced by the Hon. Mr McLachlan's amendment either, but I think it provides the best way forward at this point. We may end up recommitting, as the Hon. Mr McLachlan has indicated, in which case there may be agreement between the government and the opposition, but as it stands I will support his amendment.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: The government is prepared to make the assurance that it will make it publicly known that this exemption is available for genuine media outlets.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: I move:
Amendment No 1 [Franks–1]—
P age 5, lines 21 to 27 [clause 3(1), definition of media organisation ]—Delete the definition of media organisation
This amendment seeks to delete the definition of 'media organisation'. It does so because if consequential amendments, the removal of clauses 9, 10 and 11 in amendments 20, 21 and 22, were to be successful we could simply be reverting to the status quo. We have a system at the moment where the public interest is served, where we have a robust and healthy fourth and fifth estate, and the system is not broken. We are still not convinced of why Attorney-General Rau is seeking to fix and possibly bugger up something that works perfectly well at present.
In doing so, I indicate obviously the Greens have grave concerns about the government's foray into this area. We have already seen, in the first raft of debate in this, the government miss quite legitimate, quite well-known media organisations such as Yahoo7, one of the biggest media organisations in the country. We have grave concerns about whether the government will get it right in regulations, and we know it is difficult for regulations to then have parliamentary scrutiny.
The government has not been able to get this bill right without the upper house having a look at it and without feedback from its constituents. We note that the feedback from some constituents from Free TV, from the RSPCA, may have been listened to by the Attorney-General, but it certainly was not heard, it certainly was not acted upon and, indeed, he acted contrary to their requests.
We of the Greens believe, as I say, that the system is working perfectly well. When I first looked at this issue a week ago, I had similar amendments to those that the Hon. Andrew McLachlan puts this week but they were actually the second best option. The first best option is simply to leave the system as it is. It is not broken, let's not try and fix something and possibly bugger it up.
So the Greens will support the Liberal amendments today. We welcome a reopening of this clause and a recommittal of this clause. We look forward to the government providing further information about how they will approach this issue. We do not understand why the government simply did not use the Commonwealth Privacy Act in the first place—it is a commonwealth act, it has been well consulted on—rather than trying to create their own definition which has already been shown to have massive holes in it.
With those few words, we look forward to further information being forthcoming from government about how they will define media organisations, and how they will ensure that they get it right in regulations since they could not get it right in this legislation.
The Hon. D.G.E. HOOD: I will not prolong matters but I think another issue with the government's proposal is—and correct me if I am wrong, but I understand that the mechanism for this chamber or for the other chamber would be to disallow the regulation should either house disagree with the government's listing of an individual or group of proposed media organisations.
The problem with that, according to my understanding, is that it would potentially knock out others as well that the chamber did not agree with. It is a blunt instrument is my point. So I think it creates a difficult situation. I think the government is on the right track of expanding those included, but I do not think the instrument being chosen is reliable or efficient enough, frankly.
The Hon. J.A. DARLEY: I will be supporting the Liberal amendment.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: The government rises to oppose the Hon. Tammy Franks' amendment, and we consider this to really be a test clause for her further amendments because they are all sort of related. The amendment and many other of the consequential amendments proposed by the Hon. Tammy Franks are opposed on the basis that they radically alter the effect of the bill. These amendments would seek to remove several clauses of the bill and provide a limitation to the public interest and lawful interest tests for the communication or publication of information and material derived from surveillance devices.
The government believes that these clauses are necessary to ensure that information and material derived from surveillance devices and, in particular, footage of private activities, is communicated and published in a responsible manner. An individual has a right to privacy that must be balanced against a broader public interest matter. The best way to do this is by requiring some form of oversight and in this case it is judicial oversight to the process of publishing material that is often obtained covertly. Given the enormous damage that can result to an individual's life and reputation when such material is published, it is only just that they are afforded some measure of protection.
The CHAIR: If there are no further speakers, there are three amendments here all doing various things so if you are supporting the government's amendment I will put the question that all words down to and including paragraph (a) of the definition of media organisation stand as printed. If you support that, you support the government's amendment.
The Hon. Ms Gago's amendment negatived.
The CHAIR: I will put the question—these are both amendments from the Hon. Mr McLachlan and the Hon. Ms Franks—that the remaining words in the definition of media organisation stand as printed.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: To clarify, I only moved my first amendment because the other two reflect the same as the Hon. Andrew McLachlan's, so I did not bother to move them.
The CHAIR: Yes, there will be a further step. If you support the Hon. Mr McLachlan and the Hon. Ms Franks you need to vote against this.
Question—that the remaining words in the definition of media organisation stand as printed—negatived.
The CHAIR: The question now is that the new definition of media organisation as proposed to be inserted by the Hon. Mr McLachlan be so inserted.
The Hon. Mr McLachlan's amendment carried.
The Hon. A.L. McLACHLAN: I move:
Amendment No 2 [McLachlan–1]—
Page 6, lines 27 to 29 [clause 3(1), definition of private activity , (a)]—
Delete '(but does not include an activity carried on in circumstances in which the person ought reasonably to expect that it may be observed by some other person); or' and substitute:
, but does not include—
(i) an activity carried on in a public place; or
(ii) an activity carried on or in premises or a vehicle if the activity can be readily observed from a public place; or
(iii) an activity carried on in any other circumstances in which the person ought reasonably to expect that it may be observed by some other person; or
Amendments Nos 2, 3, 4 and 5, standing in my name—even though I appreciate we are only on amendment No. 2—relate to refining some of the definitions and also relate to some of the applications of the act but they are supported by the government, as indicated by the Leader of the Government in this chamber.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: The government supports all three amendments.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: I have a question for the government as to why its definition defined a private activity as an activity carried on by only one person. Does the government not believe that a private activity can be carried on by more than one person?
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: You need to go to paragraph (b), one paragraph below that. Paragraph (a) deals with issues to do with one person and (b) more than one.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: Why did the government feel it needed to define a private activity in (a) as carried on by only one person? What is the nature of something being carried on simply by one person that denotes it as somehow private: why did the government choose that definition? Why did it insert that clause into its legislation? I would just like the government to give us an explanation as to what the history was, given there was a lack of consultation on this bill.
An honourable member interjecting:
The CHAIR: Order!
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: I am advised that we included paragraph (a) to clarify that private matters may only involve one person. The 2014 bill lacked that clarity. It only talked about more than one person, so it could have been argued that if only one person was involved it may not have been captured. To ensure that it was, it was dealt with in paragraph (a).
Amendment carried.
The Hon. A.L. McLACHLAN: I move:
Amendment No 3 [McLachlan–1]—
P age 6, lines 32 to 35 [clause 3(1), definition of private activity , (b)]—
Delete '(but does not include an activity carried on in circumstances in which all parties to the activity ought reasonably to expect that it may be observed by a person who is not a party to the activity);' and substitute ' but does not include— '
(i) an activity carried on in a public place; or
(ii) an activity carried on or in premises or a vehicle if the activity can be readily observed from a public place; or
(iii) an activity carried on in any other circumstances in which a party to the activity ought reasonably to expect that it may be observed by a person who is not a party to the activity;
Amendment carried; clause as amended passed.
Clause 4.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: I move:
Amendment No 4 [Franks–1]—
P age 9, line 28 to line 35 [clause 4(1)]—Delete subclause (1) and substitute:
(1) Subject to this Act, a person must not intentionally use any listening device to overhear, record, monitor or listen to any private conversation, whether or not the person is a party to the conversation, without the consent, express or implied, of the parties to that conversation.
Maximum penalty:
(a) in the case of a body corporate—$75 , 000;
(b) in the case of a natural person—$15 , 000 or imprisonment for 3 years.
(d) a corresponding surveillance device (emergency) authority.
This amendment seeks to replace the proposed prohibition with a more simplified offence and excludes situations in which the consent of the parties to the conversation has in fact been provided. Use of the word 'intentionally' requires an element of deliberateness which is more appropriate for offences and avoids application to inadvertent acts.
I note that amendments Nos 4, 5 and 6 of mine follow on from this. What I would say is that this was advice from Free TV Australia and its legal team. They advised the Greens, and I believe other members, including the Attorney-General, that the language we have included in this amendment is more appropriate to cover the field.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: The government opposes this amendment, for the reason that it has already been put on the record.
The Hon. A.L. McLACHLAN: The Liberal Party will not be supporting this amendment.
Amendment negatived.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: I move:
Amendment No 7 [Franks–1]—
P age 11, line 14 [clause 4(3)]—Delete 'from subsection (1) that applies under subsection (2) or section 6' and substitute ' under this section that applies '
This amendment removes the reference to clause 6, as that is no longer needed if the public interest is inserted into specific clauses as proposed. The clause still seeks to ensure that an exemption applies to a person in relation to the installation, use or maintenance of a listening device for the purposes of the investigation of a matter by an investigating agency. It extends to another person who for the purposes of the investigation installs or maintains that advice. Again, this has been put to us by Free TV Australia.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: The government opposes this amendment for the reasons already outlined.
The Hon. A.L. McLACHLAN: The Liberal Party will be opposing this amendment.
Amendment negatived; clause passed.
Clause 5.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: I move:
Amendment No 9 [Franks–1]—
P age 11, line 22 [clause 5(1)]—Delete 'section and section 6, a person must not knowingly' and substitute ' Act, a person must not intentionally '
This deletes the term 'a person must not knowingly' and substitutes 'a person must not intentionally'. Again on advice from the legal team at Free TV Australia, this amendment deletes that word 'knowingly' and substitutes it with 'intentionally', as it is more appropriate for an offence under the act to require intention as an element. Amendments Nos 9, 10 and 11 match this amendment and are consequential.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: The government opposes this amendment. We believe that it narrows the clause and will only serve to provide a technical loophole for people to exploit.
The Hon. A.L. McLACHLAN: The Liberal Party opposes the amendment.
Amendment negatived.
The CHAIR: Amendments Nos 10 and 11 would be consequential?
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: Yes.
The CHAIR: We now have amendment No. 1 [Franks-1] clause 5. Is it consequential, by any chance?
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: My understanding is that it is consequential.
Clause passed.
Clause 6.
The Hon. A.L. McLACHLAN: I move:
Amendment No 4 [McLachlan–1]—
P age 9, line 28 [clause 4(1)]—Delete 'knowingly'
Amendment No 5 [McLachlan–1]—
P age 9, after line 35—After subclause (1) insert:
(1a) It is a defence to a charge of an offence against subsection (1) to prove the defendant did not knowingly use a listening device to record the private conversation to which the defendant was or was not a party.
The recording of the private conversation took place accidentally or in circumstances where the defendant did not know that conversations were being recorded.
The amendments are supported by the government, as indicated in the government's summing up of the second reading debate. The existing exemption contained in clause 6(1) allows for the use of a listening device wherein the public interest only applies to a party to the private conversation. The proposed amendment removes this requirement and permits the exemption to be applied to anyone who uses a listening device to overhear, record, monitor or listen to a private conversation if the use is in the public interest.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: The government supports the amendments.
Amendments carried; clause as amended passed.
Clause 7.
The CHAIR: Amendment No. 17, the Hon. Ms Franks?
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: This one certainly is consequential.
Clause passed.
Clause 8.
The CHAIR: Amendment No. 18 [Franks-1]. Is this consequential?
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: This one is obviously consequential.
Clause passed.
Clause 9.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: The Greens can see the writing on the wall that the Labor government and the Liberal opposition have indeed come to an arrangement on this bill. I indicate that I will be seeking to divide on the issue of whether or not we keep the definition of animal welfare within this bill and will not be moving the other amendments. I note that I do not actually have a current amendment specifically, but I will be seeking to delete all words after animal welfare where the Liberal opposition and the government have sought to remove the reference to the RSPCA.
Clause passed.
Clause 10.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO: I move:
Amendment No 1 [EmpHESkills–2]—
P age 16, line 10 [clause 10(2)(b)]—Delete '; or'
Amendment No 2 [EmpHESkills–2]—
P age 16, lines 11 to 15 (inclusive) [clause 10(2)(c) and (d)]—Delete paragraphs (c) and (d)
Amendment No 3 [EmpHESkills–2]—
Page 16, lines 16 to 18 [clause 10(3)]—Delete subclause (3)
These amendments are part of a series of amendments that will remove the RSPCA as the exempted organisation to the requirement for a judicial order to publish in the public interest. This has been done at the RSPCA's request for material and information that relates to issues of animal welfare. One will still be able to provide such material to a media organisation or apply for a judicial order.
The Hon. A.L. McLACHLAN: I would like to indicate the Liberal opposition's support for these amendments of the government.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: As I indicated, given the agreement that has been made between the Liberal opposition and the government on this matter more broadly, and the Greens do in fact support the removal of the reference to the RSPCA, which of course the RSPCA never requested, never desired and never supported. However, I move to retain the words in paragraph (c) in this clause 'the information or material relates to issues of animal welfare' and then insert a full stop before the reference to the RSPCA, and I indicate I will divide on that.
The CHAIR: Did you move some words then, Ms Franks?
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: Yes, I did move some words, Mr Chair. I apologise for not circulating an amendment in written form. However, this is retaining the government's original language of: '(c) the information or material relates to issues of animal welfare' and then stopping it before the reference to the RSPCA. I would think that the government had no problem with the reference ensuring that this was not an ag-gag bill, ensuring the protection of animal welfare issues, but indeed respecting the will of the RSPCA not to be the arbiter of what could or could not be published or broadcast.
The CHAIR: We just need to get some formal words here at the moment.
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: My learned colleague advises me it is possibly a semi-colon, not a full stop.
The CHAIR: This is a test case for the government's amendments and for the Hon. Ms Franks' amendments. We are going to put amendment No. 1 from the minister: clause 10, page 16, line 10, to delete '; or'. The government will agree to that and the Hon. Ms Franks will oppose it.
The committee divided on the Hon. Ms Gago's amendment No. 1:
Dawkins, J.S.L.
Gago, G.E. (teller)
Gazzola, J.M.
Hood, D.G.E.
Hunter, I.K.
Kandelaars, G.A.
Lee, J.S.
Lucas, R.I.
McLachlan, A.L.
Ngo, T.T.
Ridgway, D.W.
Stephens, T.J.
Wade, S.G.
Darley, J.A.
Franks, T.A. (teller)
Parnell, M.C.
Vincent, K.L.
Amendment thus carried.
The Hon. Ms Gago's amendments Nos 2 and 3 carried.
Clause 10 as amended passed.
Clause 11.
The CHAIR: One last amendment: Amendment No 22 [Franks‑1].
The Hon. T.A. FRANKS: This is consequential; the test has been made. The Greens will not be moving this amendment.
Clause passed.
Remaining clauses (12 to 41), schedule and title passed.
Bill reported with amendment.
The Hon. A.L. McLACHLAN ( 11:57 :25 ): Mr President, as I flagged in clause 1 of committee, I move:
That the bill be recommitted in respect of clause 3.
My reasoning, as I set out in committee, was that there are still some discussions going on, and perhaps there can be a meeting of minds between the government and the opposition.
Motion carried.
The Hon. G.E. GAGO (Minister for Employment, Higher Education and Skills, Minister for Science and Information Economy, Minister for the Status of Women, Minister for Business Services and Consumers) ( 11:58 :18 ): I move:
That the bill be recommitted on the next day of sitting.
Motion carried.


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What defines a virtuoso musician? It is more than just musical technique or artistic inspiration. It's about expanding the boundaries of music. I think that one of these two musicians had that special quality. People will pay attention (and money) to hear a man with no arms play a violin. Or a banjo. Or a guitar. A true virtuoso makes an audience sit up and marvel at a sound that before seemed impossible. This virtuoso was named John T. Owen.
Wearing a tight fitting theatrical costume, he is seated in a photographer's studio next to a guitar, a banjo, an autoharp, and with his bare feet he holds a violin and bow. He has no arms. Standing next to him is a woman holding a second guitar, and she appears to be able-bodied. She is his wife, Matilda.
This report appeared in The Salt Lake Herald on January 12, 1892.
John T. Owens, the armless man gave an exhibition of his wonderful skill last evening.
He is an accomplished musician and a fine and rapid writer. A ball was given in his favor.
His violin and banjo playing gave every satisfaction to the most fastidious.
Specimens of his writing are held by a good many of his patrons as mementoes of the occasion.
He does his own tuning of the instruments and can use his feet with incredible dexterity.
This cabinet card came from the Wendt studio of Bonton, New Jersey which had a specialty in making souvenir photos of the many entertainers performing in the music halls, circuses, traveling shows, and curiosity museums of the late 19th century.
This excerpt from the Cleveland Plain Dealer of October 24, 1893 gives a good description of what could be seen at one of these exhibitions of strange and wonderful oddities.
The leading features this week are John Owens, the armless wonder,
who is endowed with such phenomenally nimble toes
that he plays well on the violin, guitar, banjo, autoharp
and other instruments, and is a dead shot with rifle and pistol;
the genuine and only Albino Indian child;
the three-horned cyclopian dwarf bull;
and Hamlin, who walks honestly, if gingerly on the sharp edges of a double row of swords.
The craze to show fate-lined palms to the gypsy free fortune teller shows no sign of abating.
Prof. Hugo gives an unusually entertaining exhibition of magic in the upper auditorium
and the vaudeville theater offers a varied and artistic bill.
Crowds swarm around the big window at the museum entrance, fascinated
by Frank Rallston's fearless familiarity
with sixteen venomous rattlesnakes.
Under the long list of Chicago amusements found in the March 3, 1895, Chicago Inter-Ocean was this listing.
Kohl & Middleton's Dime Museum
... In the curio department will be seen the oddest of married couples,
Miss Lizzie Strugeon, the armless pianist,
who plays skillfully with her toes;
and John T. Owens, the armless, who is an expert rifle shot,
holding his weapon with his toes;
"Whale Oil Gus," the Arctic traveller, wit, and story teller;
accompanied by "Monday," the only boy ever born on board a whale ship;
"Polly," the wonder talking seal;
the Russian lady orchestra; and the Yankee whittler.
The State Street Globe Museum will have
the Midway dancers, acrobats, musicians,
and other Orientals as one of its principal features.
Professor J. King, lightning calculator;
Hubin, the king of magic; Mlle. Betra, snake enchantress;
Jules Carr and his troup of wrestling bears,
and Miss Mabel Milton, long haired beauty.
On the back of the photograph is the distinctive signature of John T. Owens under a fanciful doddle of a bird. Was he left footed or right?
Much of his history is now lost, but one website specializing in circus oddities and freak show performers, www.Phreeque.com posted a short biography giving his full name as John Timothy Owens, born 1865 in Pattonsburg, Missouri to a large family. His wife's name was Matilda Fry and they had three children. John Owens died in Missouri in 1918.
On April 5, 1903 the Ardmore OK Ardmoreite ran this short report which corroborates much of this information. By this time he has acquired the title of Professor which was commonly added to the names of bandleaders and solo musicians.
The Armless Man
Prof. J. T. Owens, the armless wonder, who has been on our streets for some days, has gone. The marvelous man is really a curiosity. He is 35 years old, born without arms or hands, belonged to a family of seven or eight brothers and sisters,
reared in the Grand Valley of Colorado, herded cattle with his brothers,
fell in love and married and now has two children.
The professor plays the violin, banjo, guitar and autoharp, writes, sews, whittles, shaves, strings and tunes his own instruments and is an expert rifle shot.
I could only find John T. Owens in the 1880 census when he was 14, but no other records of his adult life. In the photo he appears to be about 30, so it was likely taken around 1895. Except for these few newspaper accounts, his name shows up only on a few more vaudeville notices in the 1900s. Lemar, Iowa in 1900. Albuquerque, New Mexico in 1902. Bemidji, Minnesota in 1904. Tulsa, Oklahoma in 1913. And in 1915, in between the feature films at a Moulton, Iowa cinema.
In this era it must have been a challenge to tour the country as a disabled man. There was actually quite a lot of competition from similarly handicapped circus and carnival performers who had developed various footwork skills that the public would pay to see. Almost all seemed to be presented in a dignified manner that promoted the "armless wonder" for their inspiration at overcoming adversity. Many were very adept at feats of skill and sport, and learned to play several musical instruments too.
I doubt that John T. Owens saw himself as having any handicap. He probably thought he could do anything he set his mind to. And I think he knew he had a gift. That gift is what a virtuoso knows will make us wonder to see and hear.


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I've tried several new recipes that we have enjoyed recently. Sometimes my motivation for trying a new recipe is to try to use up things that I have on hand. Two of the following recipes met that criteria. I checked out a book of Middle Eastern cookery from the library and saw a picture of a salad which looked very colorful and tasty and which would also use up a few radishes that I had on hand. Here is my version of the recipe:
Jerusalem Salad
2-3 small (mini) cucumbers
3 roma tomatoes
1/2 of a sweet red pepper
4-6 radishes
1/2 of a red onion
1/4 cup chopped fresh parsley
5 Tbsps. olive oil
zest of one lemon
2 Tbsps. lemon juice
1 1/2 Tbsp. rice vinegar (could use red wine vinegar or cider)
1 clove garlic crushed or sliced
1 tsp. sugar
1 can or about 2 cups cooked chick peas
Clean and dice all the vegetables into about 1/2 inch pieces. Mix in parsley. In a bowl whisk together the olive oil, lemon zest, lemon juice, vinegar, and sugar. Add salt and pepper to taste. Pour over vegetables. Serve on plates topped with some of the chick peas. You could also add Feta Cheese and/or black olives if desired.
I tried this recipe for white bean dip because I had some sun dried tomatoes in the freezer that I wanted to use. It went together very quickly and we enjoyed eating it with fresh vegetables and some pita chips. Please keep in mind that dips and casseroles rarely photograph well, but be assured both of these recipes taste very good. 🙂
I tried this recipe for Crunchy Beef Casserole from the Southern Plate website because it had rave reviews and because I had everything the recipe called for including a can of French fried onion rings. Rob really enjoyed it and encouraged me to be sure to make it again. That's always a good sign. 🙂
Do you ever search for recipes to use up ingredients that you have on hand? Have you found any new favorites that way?
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"My life has been one great big joke,
A dance that's walked,
A song that's spoke,
I laugh so hard I almost choke,
When I think about myself."
– Maya Angelou
As I pick up my pen to write this article and look down my timeline, I experience a series of emotions revisiting my life- changing incidents. A lot of people keep their feelings to themselves because they're tired of pouring their hearts out to the wrong person. Therefore, according to me, putting down all your spirits on a sheet of paper resolves the problem. I was an ambivert, but there occurred such episodes that made me an introvert for life.
During adolescence, friends become the highlight of a person's life. With friends, life seems like a roller coaster ride. And when sentiments like jealousy enter a relationship, it ruins everything. It is said that when a person achieves success and gradually reaches the top, it is only then that one gets an opportunity to analyze who is a true friend. When at school, my hard work helped me touch the sky; I'd find people clinging on to me only for the sake of advantages that my company got them. That was when I finally woke up and smelled the coffee. Breaking away all the threads that attached me to hypocrites, I stood proud of my decision yet I stood alone. Those two years I rested in the company of a single person who I loved to call my only friend in school. However, one fine day even she decided to talk behind my back and join the others' club. In school, we were told that humans have one face, two hands, two legs, two eyes and two ears, but they were wrong about the face. Although I hate to re-enter those moments but I am thankful to all of them for helping me understand who not to talk to in life. Napoleon once said – "The world suffers a lot, not because of the violence of bad people but because of the silence of good people." Nonetheless, I forgave everyone, not because they deserved forgiveness, but because I deserved peace.
From the social person that I was, I ended up curling back into my safe and secure cocoon. I became a soul who was reclusive and fearful of facing the world and of facing any more rejections. This fear became so overwhelming that my family and relatives were able to sense my uneasiness.
Performance at school deteriorated, grades dropped, friends went away, teachers became anxious and I became secluded. Before every exam, I had to fight the examination anxiety, henceforth even if I knew the entire syllabus, I ended up scoring low. I stopped going out with friends and felt like remaining somewhere near my parents all the time. I got a feeling that there is someone out there trying to grab my foot and take me away from the world, in the dark. Days passed and the fear got submissive. Then I saw the light, a new ray of hope in the form of my admission in college. That fear of moving away from everyone grew even stronger as I decided to part ways from my family and move to the hostel. Things got difficult and it once so happened that I ran away from the hostel. Nevertheless, I came back and decided to make a fresh start. I said to myself that I have spent past two years scared and frightened of things that could happen, might happen, and might not happen. I used to wake up at 3 in the morning, especially a night before an exam, and used to cry, thinking about the consequences of giving a bad performance. But ever since I've undergone introspection, sound sleep has returned to me. I have now realized that it's the fear that is the real enemy. I thought that it's high time for me to stop being afraid of what could go wrong and start being positive about what could go right. I am a changed individual now. There were times when I used to walk in a room full of people and wonder if they like me. Now I walk into a room full of people and wonder if I like them. That fear does return sometimes, but in miniature. I am trying and shall do that till it goes away completely.
I started to put my focus on other things that amuse me so that I don't think about the anxiety again. I went back to reading. Books truly are our best friends; with them we enter into a different world altogether. I went into the realm of self-help, fiction, and thrill. I could relate to the motivational writings of self-help books instantly. Not just this, I recognized that I could summarize my entire life by way of a string of quotes. It amuses me when I read some random quote or saying on a website or in a book and it reminds me of my personal incidents. At times, these quotations have certain hidden connotations which teach us a lot about life. It is incredible how someone can say so much in so little words.
Eighteen years of my life have taught me more than anybody else can; experience truly is the best teacher. There have been years that left absolutely no imprints on the carpet of my memory while there have been some that taught me lessons for life. Although I giggle at every petty thing, have inside jokes with myself that leave me in splits and act like a kid, nonetheless the most prominent instances that occurred in my life matured me in a way that nothing else could. Not the passing years but the experience ripened me step by step. False friends taught me to not be like them; failures taught me to never get depressed because they're just unfinished success; and fear taught me to have big, scary dreams. Life would've been perfect if we had its remote control in our hands, but things don't work the way we want them to, we have to make them work. All we need to remember is that we all are stories in the end and we just need to make it a good one.


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Cerebra Learning Disabilities Autism and Internet Safety Parent Guide
E-Safety Campaign Parent and Carers Letter
Internet Advice
Keeping your child safe online
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President Barack Obama has won re-election to the White House. But facing a deeply divided Congress and a looming fiscal crisis, many describe him as starting off his second term as a lame duck president. Essentially it means he will find it difficult to implement his programmes. Although not quite in line with the dictionary definition, the description in this case might be much closer to the truth.
Summarising the dictionaries' definitions, one could say that it is generally understood that the expression lame duck refers to an elected official who is approaching the end of his or her tenure. It most typically arises as a description for office-holders who have lost an election but have not yet left office.
The American electoral system regularly lame duck. The election of a new president and other officials takes place in November, but the elected candidates are only inaugurated early in the new year.
The most dramatic example of the effect that such a situation can have occurred between late 1860 and early 1861 during the transition from president James Buchanan to successor Abraham Lincoln.
Buchanan held the view that states did not have the right to secede from the US, but also that it was illegal for the Federal government to go to war on the matter. Between November 6, 1860 and March 4, 1861when Lincoln was inaugurated, seven states used the opportunity to go their own way. The end result was the American Civil War between the northern and southern states.
The situation of a lame duck, however, is not unique to the US. There are examples in history, such as the New Zealand constitutional crisis in 1984, when the outgoing lame duck Prime Minister, Robert Muldoon, refused to follow the wishes of a new incoming government led by David Lange.
Under the Australian system, where the fixed term of office in the Senate does not always fully coincide with the elections for the House of Representative which can be called at any time, a crisis arose as recently as 2004. After the election of that year the governing coalition of the Liberal and National parties was set to gain a majority in the Senate come July 2005. In May 2005 the lame duck Senate refused to pass new tax laws adopted by the House of Representatives.
The notion of a lame duck has its roots in nature, where the duck who falls behind when the brace or flight is on the move is the most likely to fall victim to any predator.
It was first used in a political sense in the 19th century when, in the official record of the US Congress on January 14, 1863, it was written, "In no event . . . could [the Court of Claims] be justly obnoxious to the charge of being a receptacle of lame ducks or broken down politicians".
Over time it came to be used more broadly to describe a person, official or institution that has lost the ability to function properly, especially one that was previously proficient. And, most generally, to those politicians who are known to be in their final term of office, when colleagues and electors look toward a successor.
In the case of president Obama, the term is now surfacing despite the fact that he has just been re-elected for another four-year term in office. The reason for this is that he does not enjoy the support of the majority in the US Congress at a time when the country faces huge problems in coming to grips with an annual budget deficit in excess of $1 trillion and counting. As America's sovereign debts mount, this situation has given birth to a new term in the world of government finance, fiscal cliff.
In president Obama's case it would seem that the lame duck" is going back to its roots. It turns out that the world of politics was actually a century late in adopting the term. It was in the 18th century, in 1761 to be exact, that the term surfaced for the first time.
And president Obama should take note, it was used to describe a London stockbroker who defaulted on his debts.
The first known mention of the term in writing was made by Horatio Walpole, 4th Earl of Oxford and historian, in a letter in 1761 to Sir Horace(or Horatio) Mann, a member of parliament. "Do you know what a Bull and a Bear and a Lame Duck are?" he asked.
And, 30 years later, someone wrote about the Duchess of Devonshire's loss of £50 000 on stocks and that "the conversation of town" was that "her name is to be posted up as a lame duck", not being able to settle her debts. No wonder that the relationship between president Obama and the American Congress has become the proverbial talk of the town as being the " situation of a lame duck!


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Post-Trial Juror Interviews
After a verdict, jurors often tell you what they think you want to hear, or filter their comments through social considerations. Where allowed by law, post verdict interviews conducted by one of our consultants allow jurors to relate their true feelings. You can discover why and how the jury reached its verdict and how jurors evaluated specific evidence, witnesses, arguments and theories. You can also develop insight and strategy for future trials and similar cases. In some cases, post-verdict juror interviews allow you to compile information that may be relevant in an appeal.
An experienced interviewer will use a systematic protocol of open-ended questions designed to elicit information about the process and content of the jury deliberations as experienced by each juror. Both general and case-specific items will be covered. Jurors are interviewed individually either by telephone or in-person. The post-trial juror interview should be done as soon as possible after the completion of the trial, while the case facts and deliberation process is still fresh in jurors' minds. Some courts prohibit or restrict post-trial juror interviews. Care must be taken to ensure all local and state rules are followed, and juror's rights are respected at all times.
Counsel will be provided with a report summarizing the findings, and the nature of the contact of each juror (interviewed, refused, unable to contact, etc.). Verbatim transcripts of each juror's post trial interview responses to the debriefing questions may be provided at additional cost, if requested.
You provided on an extremely prompt basis a very thorough report, and as I reviewed that report shortly before trial and again in writing this recommendation, I realized how insightful your comments were and how closely they were borne out by the verdict and the juror interviews following the very lengthy 2-1/2 month trial in federal district court.Heidi A. Timken, Walnut Creek, CA


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A gentleman's ensemble will find the perfect match in these timeless glasses. Simple rectangular eye rims emerge confidently in a stylish bronze tone, while the clean lines of the bridge and temples support a minimalist look. Adjustable flexi hinges connect the slimline frames to the wider sides, which lead to plastic coated tips for practicality and comfort. A neutral satin finish completes the understated feel of these everyday frames, which are completed with delicate checkerboard patterning on the inset. Wear with flair from the bar to the boardroom.
53 mm▫
18 mm-
140 mm
Product details
Comes with standard single vision lenses, a scratch-resistant treatment, case and cloth.
Frame measurements
53 mm
18 mm
33.1 mm
140 mm
Lens options
These lenses are compatible with this frame
- Single vision
- Varifocals
- Bifocals
You can also get extra lens treatments and options to protect or enhance your glasses; browse the options below.
Features and Materials
Frame Type: Framed
Frame Shape: Square
Finish: Satin
Material: Metal


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Features of GPS for motorcycle tracking, CA-V4
◆ Through the real-time positioning of the vehicle tracking, at any time to grasp the actual location of the vehicle, the car
◆ Real-time positioning of the car / motorbike, the owner can quickly find the vehicle location.
◆ built-in backup battery, battery charging can continue to work.
◆ installation of the vehicle when the ACC ignition line connected to their own vehicle to detect whether the ignition, flameout, the vehicle automatically disarmed after ignition, stalled after the automatic garrison, eliminating the need for artificial fortification, disarm trouble.
◆ This is a full-featured GPS anti-theft device, do not have to tangle each anti-theft function is complete: vibration alarm, displacement alarm, electronic fence alarm, cut line alarm, low battery alarm, speed alarm
◆ SMS can also query!
◆ In practical applications, we found that the vehicle was stolen, off the oil power is not a wise choice, it will not affect the thieves transport vehicles, will only remind the thief your vehicle installed anti-theft equipment and quickly removed. Only GPS remains silent. Quickly retrieve the vehicle, capture the thieves is the right solution.
GPS for motorcycle tracking, SPECIFICATION.


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This week I did quite a bit of painting, as my husband is away in the field (for those of you who are not military, that's Army camping/training). I did two small daily paintings and then worked the rest of the week on the dailypaintworks.com challenge of painting values in black and white.
I've been wanting to paint portraits ever since I can remember, but so far I have found it very difficult to capture the likeness in drawing and especially in painting. When I decided to paint a photo of my grandmother, Rita, I was very nervous because I did not want to "mess it up" and be discouraged from trying again, especially because she was a very important person to me and I wanted to do her justice.
Although I did not capture her likeness, there was something magic about spending this time with her. I have always wished I looked more like her, but as I tried in vain to capture her features exactly, I noticed that I did inherit more than her artistic ability: the shape of my face, jawline and cheekbones, is very like her, and we both have an "outline" around our lips that defines the shape. And although I did not know my grandmother this young, there is something about the proud lift of her chin and the strength in her gaze that makes me feel I would have really liked her as a person in addition to the love I feel as her granddaughter.
I was blessed with the best grandparents, and although I miss them every day, I know I am lucky to have had them in my life. While painting this portrait of my grandmother, I realized that I will not have a problem making more attempts at painting them until I am finally happy with the results, and I am very fortunate to have this special way of spending just a little more time with them. I only wish I could show them how much I'm learning…they were always my biggest fans and supporters, and my grandmother's appreciation of my artistic efforts gave me such joy growing up. I'll keep painting you until I get it right, Grandmommy, I promise!


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