text:
Search results for: Solid waste
90 Production and Recycling of Construction and Demolition Waste
Authors: Vladimira Vytlacilova
Abstract:Recycling of construction and demolition waste (C&DW) and their new reuse in structures is one of the solutions of environmental problems. Construction and demolition waste creates a major portion of total solid waste production in the world and most of it is used in landfills all the time. The paper deals with the situation of the recycling of the building and demolition waste in the Czech Republic during the recent years. The paper is dealing with questions of C&D waste recycling, it also characterizes construction and demolition waste in general, furthermore it analyses production of construction waste and subsequent production of recycled materials.
Keywords: Recycling, Construction and demolition waste, Recycled rubble, Waste management.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 11
89 Quantification of Biomethane Potential from Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste at Vaal University of Technology
Authors: Kgomotso Matobole, Pascal Mwenge, Tumisang Seodigeng
The global urbanisation and worldwide economic growth have caused a high rate of food waste generation, resulting in environmental pollution. Food waste disposed on landfills decomposes to produce methane (CH4), a greenhouse gas. Inadequate waste management practices contribute to food waste polluting the environment. Thus effective organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) management and treatment are attracting widespread attention in many countries. This problem can be minimised by the employment of anaerobic digestion process, since food waste is rich in organic matter and highly biodegradable, resulting in energy generation and waste volume reduction. The current study investigated the Biomethane Potential (BMP) of the Vaal University of Technology canteen food waste using anaerobic digestion. Tests were performed on canteen food waste, as a substrate, with total solids (TS) of 22%, volatile solids (VS) of 21% and moisture content of 78%. The tests were performed in batch reactors, at a mesophilic temperature of 37 °C, with two different types of inoculum, primary and digested sludge. The resulting CH4 yields for both food waste with digested sludge and primary sludge were equal, being 357 Nml/g VS. This indicated that food waste form this canteen is rich in organic and highly biodegradable. Hence it can be used as a substrate for the anaerobic digestion process. The food waste with digested sludge and primary sludge both fitted the first order kinetic model with k for primary sludge inoculated food waste being 0.278 day-1 with R2 of 0.98, whereas k for digested sludge inoculated food waste being 0.034 day-1, with R2 of 0.847.
Keywords: Anaerobic digestion, biogas, biomethane potential, food waste.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 96
88 Analyzing Irbid's Food Waste as Feedstock for Anaerobic Digestion
Authors: Assal E. Haddad
Food waste samples from Irbid were collected from 5 different sources for 12 weeks to characterize their composition in terms of four food categories; rice, meat, fruits and vegetables, and bread. Average food type compositions were 39% rice, 6% meat, 34% fruits and vegetables, and 23% bread. Methane yield was also measured for all food types and was found to be 362, 499, 352, and 375 mL/g VS for rice, meat, fruits and vegetables, and bread, respectively. A representative food waste sample was created to test the actual methane yield and compare it to calculated one. Actual methane yield (414 mL/g VS) was greater than the calculated value (377 mL/g VS) based on food type proportions and their specific methane yield. This study emphasizes the effect of the types of food and their proportions in food waste on the final biogas production. Findings in this study provide representative methane emission factors for Irbid's food waste, which represent as high as 68% of total Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Irbid, and also indicate the energy and economic value within the solid waste stream in Irbid.
Keywords: Food waste, solid waste management, anaerobic digestion, methane yield.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 122
87 Influence of Plastic Waste Reinforcement on Compaction and Consolidation Behavior of Silty Soil
Authors: Maryam Meftahi, Yashar Hamidzadeh
In recent decades, the amount of solid waste production has been rising. In the meantime, plastic waste is one of the major parts of urban solid waste, so, recycling plastic waste from water bottles has become a serious challenge in the whole world. The experimental program includes the study of the effect of waste plastic fibers on maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC) with different sizes and contents. Also, one dimensional consolidation tests were carried out to evaluate the benefit of utilizing randomly distributed waste plastics fiber to improve the engineering behavior of a tested soils. Silty soil specimens were prepared and tested at five different percentages of plastic waste content (i.e. 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1% and 1.25% by weight of the parent soil). The size of plastic chips used, are 4 mm, 8 mm and 12 mm long and 4 mm in width. The results show that with the addition of waste plastic fibers, the MDD and OMC and also the compressibility of soil decrease significantly.
Keywords: Silty soil, waste plastic, compaction, consolidation, reinforcement.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 108
86 Waste Management in a Hot Laboratory of Japan Atomic Energy Agency – 1: Overview and Activities in Chemical Processing Facility
Authors: Kazunori Nomura, Hiromichi Ogi, Masaumi Nakahara, Sou Watanabe, Atsuhiro Shibata
Chemical Processing Facility of Japan Atomic Energy Agency is a basic research field for advanced back-end technology developments with using actual high-level radioactive materials such as irradiated fuels from the fast reactor, high-level liquid waste from reprocessing plant. In the nature of a research facility, various kinds of chemical reagents have been offered for fundamental tests. Most of them were treated properly and stored in the liquid waste vessel equipped in the facility, but some were not treated and remained at the experimental space as a kind of legacy waste. It is required to treat the waste in safety. On the other hand, we formulated the Medium- and Long-Term Management Plan of Japan Atomic Energy Agency Facilities. This comprehensive plan considers Chemical Processing Facility as one of the facilities to be decommissioned. Even if the plan is executed, treatment of the "legacy" waste beforehand must be a necessary step for decommissioning operation. Under this circumstance, we launched a collaborative research project called the STRAD project, which stands for Systematic Treatment of Radioactive liquid waste for Decommissioning, in order to develop the treatment processes for wastes of the nuclear research facility. In this project, decomposition methods of chemicals causing a troublesome phenomenon such as corrosion and explosion have been developed and there is a prospect of their decomposition in the facility by simple method. And solidification of aqueous or organic liquid wastes after the decomposition has been studied by adding cement or coagulants. Furthermore, we treated experimental tools of various materials with making an effort to stabilize and to compact them before the package into the waste container. It is expected to decrease the number of transportation of the solid waste and widen the operation space. Some achievements of these studies will be shown in this paper. The project is expected to contribute beneficial waste management outcome that can be shared world widely.
Keywords: Chemical Processing Facility, medium- and long-term management plan of JAEA Facilities, STRAD project, treatment of radioactive waste.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 182
85 Waste Management in a Hot Laboratory of Japan Atomic Energy Agency – 3: Volume Reduction and Stabilization of Solid Waste
Authors: Masaumi Nakahara, Sou Watanabe, Hiromichi Ogi, Atsuhiro Shibata, Kazunori Nomura
In the Japan Atomic Energy Agency, three types of experimental research, advanced reactor fuel reprocessing, radioactive waste disposal, and nuclear fuel cycle technology, have been carried out at the Chemical Processing Facility. The facility has generated high level radioactive liquid and solid wastes in hot cells. The high level radioactive solid waste is divided into three main categories, a flammable waste, a non-flammable waste, and a solid reagent waste. A plastic product is categorized into the flammable waste and molten with a heating mantle. The non-flammable waste is cut with a band saw machine for reducing the volume. Among the solid reagent waste, a used adsorbent after the experiments is heated, and an extractant is decomposed for its stabilization. All high level radioactive solid wastes in the hot cells are packed in a high level radioactive solid waste can. The high level radioactive solid waste can is transported to the 2nd High Active Solid Waste Storage in the Tokai Reprocessing Plant in the Japan Atomic Energy Agency.
Keywords: High level radioactive solid waste, advanced reactor fuel reprocessing, radioactive waste disposal, nuclear fuel cycle technology.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 186
84 An Integrated Solid Waste Management Strategy for Semi-Urban and Rural Areas of Pakistan
Authors: Z. Zaman Asam, M. Ajmal, R. Saeed, H. Miraj, M. Muhammad Ahtisham, B. Hameed, A. -Sattar Nizami
In Pakistan, environmental degradation and consequent human health deterioration has rapidly accelerated in the past decade due to solid waste mismanagement. As the situation worsens with time, establishment of proper waste management practices is urgently needed especially in semi urban and rural areas of Pakistan. This study uses a concept of Waste Bank, which involves a transfer station for collection of sorted waste fractions and its delivery to the targeted market such as recycling industries, biogas plants, composting facilities etc. The management efficiency and effectiveness of Waste Bank depend strongly on the proficient sorting and collection of solid waste fractions at household level. However, the social attitude towards such a solution in semi urban/rural areas of Pakistan demands certain prerequisites to make it workable. Considering these factors the objectives of this study are to: [A] Obtain reliable data about quantity and characteristics of generated waste to define feasibility of business and design factors, such as required storage area, retention time, transportation frequency of the system etc. [B] Analyze the effects of various social factors on waste generation to foresee future projections. [C] Quantify the improvement in waste sorting efficiency after awareness campaign. We selected Gujrat city of Central Punjab province of Pakistan as it is semi urban adjoined by rural areas. A total of 60 houses (20 from each of the three selected colonies), belonging to different social status were selected. Awareness sessions about waste segregation were given through brochures and individual lectures in each selected household. Sampling of waste, that households had attempted to sort, was then carried out in the three colored bags that were provided as part of the awareness campaign. Finally, refined waste sorting, weighing of various fractions and measurement of dry mass was performed in environmental laboratory using standard methods. It was calculated that sorting efficiency of waste improved from 0 to 52% as a result of the awareness campaign. The generation of waste (dry mass basis) on average from one household was 460 kg/year whereas per capita generation was 68 kg/year. Extrapolating these values for Gujrat Tehsil, the total waste generation per year is calculated to be 101921 tons dry mass (DM). Characteristics found in waste were (i) organic decomposable (29.2%, 29710 tons/year DM), (ii) recyclables (37.0%, 37726 tons/year DM) that included plastic, paper, metal and glass, and (iii) trash (33.8%, 34485 tons/year DM) that mainly comprised of polythene bags, medicine packaging, pampers and wrappers. Waste generation was more in colonies with comparatively higher income and better living standards. In future, data collection for all four seasons and improvements due to expansion of awareness campaign to educational institutes will be quantified. This waste management system can potentially fulfill vital sustainable development goals (e.g. clean water and sanitation), reduce the need to harvest fresh resources from the ecosystem, create business and job opportunities and consequently solve one of the most pressing environmental issues of the country.
Keywords: Integrated solid waste management, waste segregation, waste bank, community development.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 350
83 Sustainable Geographic Information System-Based Map for Suitable Landfill Sites in Aley and Chouf, Lebanon
Authors: Allaw Kamel, Bazzi Hasan
Municipal solid waste (MSW) generation is among the most significant sources which threaten the global environmental health. Solid Waste Management has been an important environmental problem in developing countries because of the difficulties in finding sustainable solutions for solid wastes. Therefore, more efforts are needed to be implemented to overcome this problem. Lebanon has suffered a severe solid waste management problem in 2015, and a new landfill site was proposed to solve the existing problem. The study aims to identify and locate the most suitable area to construct a landfill taking into consideration the sustainable development to overcome the present situation and protect the future demands. Throughout the article, a landfill site selection methodology was discussed using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). Several environmental, economic and social factors were taken as criterion for selection of a landfill. Soil, geology, and LUC (Land Use and Land Cover) indices with the Sustainable Development Index were main inputs to create the final map of Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) for landfill site. Different factors were determined to define each index. Input data of each factor was managed, visualized and analyzed using GIS. GIS was used as an important tool to identify suitable areas for landfill. Spatial Analysis (SA), Analysis and Management GIS tools were implemented to produce input maps capable of identifying suitable areas related to each index. Weight has been assigned to each factor in the same index, and the main weights were assigned to each index used. The combination of the different indices map generates the final output map of ESA. The output map was reclassified into three suitability classes of low, moderate, and high suitability. Results showed different locations suitable for the construction of a landfill. Results also reflected the importance of GIS and MCDA in helping decision makers finding a solution of solid wastes by a sanitary landfill.
Keywords: Sustainable development, landfill, municipal solid waste, geographic information system, GIS, multi criteria decision analysis, environmentally sensitive area.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 336
82 Analysis of Construction Waste Generation and Its Effect in a Construction Site
Authors: R. K. D. G. Kaluarachchi
The generation of solid waste and its effective management are debated topics in Sri Lanka as well as in the global environment. It was estimated that the most of the waste generated in global was originated from construction and demolition of buildings. Thus, the proportion of construction waste in solid waste generation cannot be underestimated. The construction waste, which is the by-product generated and removed from work sites is collected in direct and indirect processes. Hence, the objectives of this research are to identify the proportion of construction waste which can be reused and identify the methods to reduce the waste generation without reducing the quality of the process. A 6-storey building construction site was selected for this research. The site was divided into six zones depending on the process. Ten waste materials were identified by considering the adverse effects on safety and health of people and the economic value of them. The generated construction waste in each zone was recorded per week for a period of five months. The data revealed that sand, cement, wood used for form work and rusted steel rods were the generated waste which has higher economic value in all zones. Structured interviews were conducted to gather information on how the materials are categorized as waste and the capability of reducing, reusing and recycling the waste. It was identified that waste is generated in following processes; ineffective storage of material for a longer time and improper handling of material during the work process. Further, the alteration of scheduled activities of construction work also yielded more waste. Finally, a proper management of construction waste is suggested to reduce and reuse waste.
Keywords: Construction waste, effective management, reduce, reuse.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 393
81 The Integration of Cleaner Production Innovation and Creativity for Supply Chain Sustainability of Bogor Batik SMEs
Authors: Sawarni Hasibuan, Juliza Hidayati
Abstract:Competitiveness and sustainability issues not only put pressure on big companies, but also small and medium enterprises (SMEs). SMEs Batik Bogor is one of the local culture-based creative industries in Bogor city which is also dealing with the issue of sustainability. The purpose of this research is to develop framework of sustainability at SMEs Batik Indonesia case of SMEs Batik Bogor by integrating innovation of cleaner production in its supply chain. The approach used is desk study, field survey, in-depth interviews, and benchmarking best practices of SMEs sustainability. In-depth interviews involve stakeholders to identify the needs and standards of sustainability of SMEs Batik. Data analysis was done by benchmarking method, Multi Dimension Scaling (MDS) method, and Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat (SWOT) analysis. The results recommend the framework of sustainability for SMEs Batik in Indonesia. The sustainability status of SMEs Batik Bogor is classified as Moderate Sustainable. Factors that support the sustainability of SMEs Batik Bogor such is a strong commitment of top management in adopting cleaner production innovation and creativity approach. Successful cleaner production innovations are implemented primarily in the substitution of dye materials from toxic to non-toxic, reducing the intensity of non-renewable energy use, as well as the reuse and recycle of solid waste. "Mosaic Batik" is one of the innovations of solid waste utilization of batik waste produced by company R&D center that gives benefit to three pillars of sustainability, that is financial benefit, environmental benefit, and social benefit. The sustainability of SMEs Batik Bogor cannot be separated from the support of Bogor City Government which proactively facilitates the promotion of sustainable innovation produced by SMEs Batik Bogor.
Keywords: Cleaner production innovation, creativity, SMEs Batik, sustainability supply chain.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 331
80 Integrated Waste-to-Energy Approach: An Overview
Authors: Tsietsi J. Pilusa, Tumisang G. Seodigeng
This study evaluates the benefits of advanced waste management practices in unlocking waste-to-energy opportunities within the solid waste industry. The key drivers of sustainable waste management practices, specifically with respect to packaging waste-to-energy technology options are discussed. The success of a waste-to-energy system depends significantly on the appropriateness of available technologies, including those that are well established as well as those that are less so. There are hard and soft interventions to be considered when packaging an integrated waste treatment solution. Technology compatibility with variation in feedstock (waste) quality and quantities remains a key factor. These factors influence the technology reliability in terms of production efficiencies and product consistency, which in turn, drives the supply and demand network. Waste treatment technologies rely on the waste material as feedstock; the feedstock varies in quality and quantities depending on several factors; hence, the technology fails, as a result. It is critical to design an advanced waste treatment technology in an integrated approach to minimize the possibility of technology failure due to unpredictable feedstock quality, quantities, conversion efficiencies, and inconsistent product yield or quality. An integrated waste-to-energy approach offers a secure system design that considers sustainable waste management practices.
Keywords: Emerging markets, evaluation tool, interventions, waste treatment technologies.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 506
79 Laboratory Investigations on the Utilization of Recycled Construction Aggregates in Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Farzaneh Tahmoorian, Bijan Samali, John Yeaman
Road networks are increasingly expanding all over the world. The construction and maintenance of the road pavements require large amounts of aggregates. Considerable usage of various natural aggregates for constructing roads as well as the increasing rate at which solid waste is generated have attracted the attention of many researchers in the pavement industry to investigate the feasibility of the application of some of the waste materials as alternative materials in pavement construction. Among various waste materials, construction and demolition wastes, including Recycled Construction Aggregate (RCA) constitute a major part of the municipal solid wastes in Australia. Creating opportunities for the application of RCA in civil and geotechnical engineering applications is an efficient way to increase the market value of RCA. However, in spite of such promising potentials, insufficient and inconclusive data and information on the engineering properties of RCA had limited the reliability and design specifications of RCA to date. In light of this, this paper, as a first step of a comprehensive research, aims to investigate the feasibility of the application of RCA obtained from construction and demolition wastes for the replacement of part of coarse aggregates in asphalt mixture. As the suitability of aggregates for using in asphalt mixtures is determined based on the aggregate characteristics, including physical and mechanical properties of the aggregates, an experimental program is set up to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of RCA. This laboratory investigation included the measurement of compressive strength and workability of RCA, particle shape, water absorption, flakiness index, crushing value, deleterious materials and weak particles, wet/dry strength variation, and particle density. In addition, the comparison of RCA properties with virgin aggregates has been included as part of this investigation and this paper presents the results of these investigations on RCA, basalt, and the mix of RCA/basalt.
Keywords: Asphalt, basalt, pavement, recycled aggregate.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 477
78 Studies on the Mechanical Behavior of Bottom Ash for a Sustainable Environment
Authors: B. A. Mir, Asim Malik
Bottom ash is a by-product of the combustion process of coal in furnaces in the production of electricity in thermal power plants. In India, about 75% of total power is produced by using pulverized coal. The coal of India has a high ash content which leads to the generation of a huge quantity of bottom ash per year posing the dual problem of environmental pollution and difficulty in disposal. This calls for establishing strategies to use this industry by-product effectively and efficiently. However, its large-scale utilization is possible only in geotechnical applications, either alone or with soil. In the present investigation, bottom ash was collected from National Capital Power Station Dadri, Uttar Pradesh, India. Test samples of bottom ash admixed with 20% clayey soil were prepared and treated with different cement content by weight and subjected to various laboratory tests for assessing its suitability as an engineered construction material. This study has shown that use of 10% cement content is a viable chemical additive to enhance the mechanical properties of bottom ash, which can be used effectively as an engineered construction material in various geotechnical applications. More importantly, it offers an interesting potential for making use of an industrial waste to overcome challenges posed by bottom ash for a sustainable environment.
Keywords: Bottom ash, environmental pollution, solid waste, sustainable environment, waste utilization.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 968
77 Low Energy Technology for Leachate Valorisation
Authors: Jesús M. Martín, Francisco Corona, Dolores Hidalgo
Landfills present long-term threats to soil, air, groundwater and surface water due to the formation of greenhouse gases (methane gas and carbon dioxide) and leachate from decomposing garbage. The composition of leachate differs from site to site and also within the landfill. The leachates alter with time (from weeks to years) since the landfilled waste is biologically highly active and their composition varies. Mainly, the composition of the leachate depends on factors such as characteristics of the waste, the moisture content, climatic conditions, degree of compaction and the age of the landfill. Therefore, the leachate composition cannot be generalized and the traditional treatment models should be adapted in each case. Although leachate composition is highly variable, what different leachates have in common is hazardous constituents and their potential eco-toxicological effects on human health and on terrestrial ecosystems. Since leachate has distinct compositions, each landfill or dumping site would represent a different type of risk on its environment. Nevertheless, leachates consist always of high organic concentration, conductivity, heavy metals and ammonia nitrogen. Leachate could affect the current and future quality of water bodies due to uncontrolled infiltrations. Therefore, control and treatment of leachate is one of the biggest issues in urban solid waste treatment plants and landfills design and management. This work presents a treatment model that will be carried out "in-situ" using a cost-effective novel technology that combines solar evaporation/condensation plus forward osmosis. The plant is powered by renewable energies (solar energy, biomass and residual heat), which will minimize the carbon footprint of the process. The final effluent quality is very high, allowing reuse (preferred) or discharge into watercourses. In the particular case of this work, the final effluents will be reused for cleaning and gardening purposes. A minority semi-solid residual stream is also generated in the process. Due to its special composition (rich in metals and inorganic elements), this stream will be valorized in ceramic industries to improve the final products characteristics.
Keywords: Forward osmosis, landfills, leachate valorization, solar evaporation.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 542
76 Management of Municipal Solid Waste in Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Ayad Sleibi Mustafa, Ahmed Abdulkadhim Mohsin, Layth Noori Ali
The deterioration of solid waste management in Baghdad city is considered as a great challenge in terms of human health and environment. Baghdad city is divided into thirteen districts which are distributed on both Tigris River banks. The west bank is Al-Karkh and the east bank is Al-Rusafa. Municipal Solid Waste Management is one of the most complicated problems facing the environment in Iraq. Population growth led to increase waste production and more load of the waste to the limited capacity infrastructure. The problems of municipal solid waste become more serious after the war in 2003. More waste is disposed in underground landfills in Baghdad with little or no concern for both human health and environment. The results showed that the total annually predicted solid waste is increasing for the period 2015-2030. Municipal solid waste in 2030 will be 6,427,773 tons in Baghdad city according to the population growth rate of 2.4%. This increase is estimated to be approximately 30%.
Keywords: Municipal solid waste, solid waste composition and characteristics, Baghdad city, environment, human health.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 688
75 Impact of Long Term Application of Municipal Solid Waste on Physicochemical and Microbial Parameters and Heavy Metal Distribution in Soils in Accordance to Its Agricultural Uses
Authors: Rinku Dhanker, Suman Chaudhary, Tanvi Bhatia, Sneh Goyal
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), being a rich source of organic materials, can be used for agricultural applications as an important source of nutrients for soil and plants. This is also an alternative beneficial management practice for MSW generated in developing countries. In the present study, MSW treated soil samples from last four to six years at farmer's field in Rohtak and Gurgaon states (Haryana, India) were collected. The samples were analyzed for all-important agricultural parameters and compared with the control untreated soil samples. The treated soil at farmer's field showed increase in total N by 48 to 68%, P by 45.7 to 51.3%, and K by 60 to 67% compared to untreated soil samples. Application of sewage sludge at different sites led to increase in microbial biomass C by 60 to 68% compared to untreated soil. There was significant increase in total Cu, Cr, Ni, Fe, Pb, and Zn in all sewage sludge amended soil samples; however, concentration of all the metals were still below the current permitted (EU) limits. To study the adverse effect of heavy metals accumulation on various soil microbial activities, the sewage sludge samples (from wastewater treatment plant at Gurgaon) were artificially contaminated with heavy metal concentration above the EU limits. They were then applied to soil samples with different rates (0.5 to 4.0%) and incubated for 90 days under laboratory conditions. The samples were drawn at different intervals and analyzed for various parameters like pH, EC, total N, P, K, microbial biomass C, carbon mineralization, and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) exactable heavy metals. The results were compared to the uncontaminated sewage sludge. The increasing level of sewage sludge from 0.5 to 4% led to build of organic C and total N, P and K content at the early stages of incubation. But, organic C was decreased after 90 days because of decomposition of organic matter. Biomass production was significantly increased in both contaminated and uncontaminated sewage soil samples, but also led to slight increases in metal accumulation and their bioavailability in soil. The maximum metal concentrations were found in treatment with 4% of contaminated sewage sludge amendment.
Keywords: Heavy metals, municipal sewage sludge, sustainable agriculture, soil fertility, quality.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 736
74 Qualitative and Quantitative Characterization of Generated Waste in Nouri Petrochemical Complex, Assaluyeh, Iran
Authors: L. Heidari, M. Jalili Ghazizade
In recent years, different petrochemical complexes have been established to produce aromatic compounds. Among them, Nouri Petrochemical Complex (NPC) is the largest producer of aromatic raw materials in the world, and is located in south of Iran. Environmental concerns have been raised in this region due to generation of different types of solid waste generated in the process of aromatics production, and subsequently, industrial waste characterization has been thoroughly considered. The aim of this study is qualitative and quantitative characterization of industrial waste generated in the aromatics production process and determination of the best method for industrial waste management. For this purpose, all generated industrial waste during the production process was determined using a checklist. Four main industrial wastes were identified as follows: spent industrial soil, spent catalyst, spent molecular sieves and spent N-formyl morpholine (NFM) solvent. The amount of heavy metals and organic compounds in these wastes were further measured in order to identify the nature and toxicity of such a dangerous compound. Then industrial wastes were classified based on lab analysis results as well as using different international lists of hazardous waste identification such as EPA, UNEP and Basel Convention. Finally, the best method of waste disposal is selected based on environmental, economic and technical aspects.
Keywords: Spent industrial soil, spent molecular sieve, spent normal ¬formyl -morpholine solvent.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 443
73 Municipal Solid Waste Management Using Life Cycle Assessment Approach: Case Study of Maku City, Iran
Authors: L. Heidari, M. Jalili Ghazizade
This paper aims to determine the best environmental and economic scenario for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management of the Maku city by using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. The functional elements of this study are collection, transportation, and disposal of MSW in Maku city. Waste composition and density, as two key parameters of MSW, have been determined by field sampling, and then, the other important specifications of MSW like chemical formula, thermal energy and water content were calculated. These data beside other information related to collection and disposal facilities are used as a reliable source of data to assess the environmental impacts of different waste management options, including landfills, composting, recycling and energy recovery. The environmental impact of MSW management options has been investigated in 15 different scenarios by Integrated Waste Management (IWM) software. The photochemical smog, greenhouse gases, acid gases, toxic emissions, and energy consumption of each scenario are measured. Then, the environmental indices of each scenario are specified by weighting these parameters. Economic costs of scenarios have been also compared with each other based on literature. As final result, since the organic materials make more than 80% of the waste, compost can be a suitable method. Although the major part of the remaining 20% of waste can be recycled, due to the high cost of necessary equipment, the landfill option has been suggested. Therefore, the scenario with 80% composting and 20% landfilling is selected as superior environmental and economic scenario. This study shows that, to select a scenario with practical applications, simultaneously environmental and economic aspects of different scenarios must be considered.
Keywords: IWM software, life cycle assessment, Maku, municipal solid waste management.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 592
72 A Comparative Analysis of Solid Waste Treatment Technologies on Cost and Environmental Basis
Authors: Nesli Aydin
Waste management decision making in developing countries has moved towards being more pragmatic, transparent, sustainable and comprehensive. Turkey is required to make its waste related legislation compatible with European Legislation as it is a candidate country of the European Union. Improper Turkish practices such as open burning and open dumping practices must be abandoned urgently, and robust waste management systems have to be structured. The determination of an optimum waste management system in any region requires a comprehensive analysis in which many criteria are taken into account by stakeholders. In conducting this sort of analysis, there are two main criteria which are evaluated by waste management analysts; economic viability and environmentally friendliness. From an analytical point of view, a central characteristic of sustainable development is an economic-ecological integration. It is predicted that building a robust waste management system will need significant effort and cooperation between the stakeholders in developing countries such as Turkey. In this regard, this study aims to provide data regarding the cost and environmental burdens of waste treatment technologies such as an incinerator, an autoclave (with different capacities), a hydroclave and a microwave coupled with updated information on calculation methods, and a framework for comparing any proposed scenario performances on a cost and environmental basis.
Keywords: Decision making, economic viability, environmentally friendliness, stakeholder, waste management systems.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 726
71 Solid Waste Management Challenges and Possible Solution in Kabul City
Authors: Ghulam Haider Haidaree, Nsenda Lukumwena
Most developing nations face energy production and supply problems. This is also the case of Afghanistan whose generating capacity does not meet its energy demand. This is due in part to high security and risk caused by war which deters foreign investments and insufficient internal revenue. To address the issue above, this paper would like to suggest an alternative and affordable way to deal with the energy problem. That is by converting Solid Waste to energy. As a result, this approach tackles the municipal solid waste issue (potential cause of several diseases), contributes to the improvement of the quality of life, local economy, and so on. While addressing the solid waste problem in general, this paper samples specifically one municipality which is District-12, one of the 22 districts of Kabul city. Using geographic information system (GIS) technology, District-12 is divided into nine different zones whose municipal solid waste is respectively collected, processed, and converted into electricity and distributed to the closest area. It is important to mention that GIS has been used to estimate the amount of electricity to be distributed and to optimally position the production plant.
Keywords: Energy problem, estimation of electricity, GIS zones, solid waste management system.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1129
70 Seasonal Influence on Environmental Indicators of Beach Waste
Authors: Marcus C. Garcia, Giselle C. Guimarães, Luciana H. Yamane, Renato R. Siman
Abstract:The environmental indicators and the classification of beach waste are essential tools to diagnose the current situation and to indicate ways to improve the quality of this environment. The purpose of this paper was to perform a quali-quantitative analysis of the beach waste on the Curva da Jurema Beach (Espírito Santo - Brazil). Three transects were used with equidistant positioning over the total length of the beach for the solid waste collection. Solid wastes were later classified according to their use and primary raw material from the low and high summer season. During the low season, average values of 7.10 items.m-1, 18.22 g.m-1 and 0.91 g.m-2 were found for the whole beach, and transect 3 contributed the most waste, with the total sum of items equal to 999 (49%), a total mass of 5.62 kg and a total volume of 21.31 L. During the high summer season, average values of 8.22 items.m-1, 54.40 g.m-1 and 2.72 g.m-2 were found, with transect 2 contributing the most to the total sum with 1,212 items (53%), a total mass of 10.76 kg and a total volume of 51.99 L. Of the total collected, plastic materials represented 51.4% of the total number of items, 35.9% of the total mass and 68% of the total volume. The implementation of reactive and proactive measures is necessary so that the management of the solid wastes on Curva da Jurema Beach is in accordance with principles of sustainability.
Keywords: Beach solid waste, environmental indicators, quali-quantitative analysis, waste management.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 910
69 Quantification of E-Waste: A Case Study in Federal University of Espírito Santo, Brazil
Authors: Andressa S. T. Gomes, Luiza A. Souza, Luciana H. Yamane, Renato R. Siman
The segregation of waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) in the generating source, its characterization (quali-quantitative) and identification of origin, besides being integral parts of classification reports, are crucial steps to the success of its integrated management. The aim of this paper was to count WEEE generation at the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Brazil, as well as to define sources, temporary storage sites, main transportations routes and destinations, the most generated WEEE and its recycling potential. Quantification of WEEE generated at the University in the years between 2010 and 2015 was performed using data analysis provided by UFES's sector of assets management. EEE and WEEE flow in the campuses information were obtained through questionnaires applied to the University workers. It was recorded 6028 WEEEs units of data processing equipment disposed by the university between 2010 and 2015. Among these waste, the most generated were CRT screens, desktops, keyboards and printers. Furthermore, it was observed that these WEEEs are temporarily stored in inappropriate places at the University campuses. In general, these WEEE units are donated to NGOs of the city, or sold through auctions (2010 and 2013). As for recycling potential, from the primary processing and further sale of printed circuit boards (PCB) from the computers, the amount collected could reach U$ 27,839.23. The results highlight the importance of a WEEE management policy at the University.
Keywords: Solid waste, waste of electric and electronic equipment, waste management, institutional generation of solid waste.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 854
68 Impact of Egypt's Energy Demand on Oil and Gas Power Systems Environment
Authors: Moustafa Osman Mohamed
This paper will explore the influence of energy sector in Arab Republic of Egypt which has shared its responsibilities of many environmental challenges as the second largest economy in the Middle East (after Iran). Air and water pollution, desertification, inadequate disposal of solid waste and damage to coral reefs are serious problems that influence environmental management in Egypt. The intensive reliance of high population density and strong industrial growth are wearing Egypt's resources, and the rapidly-growing population has forced Egypt to breakdown agricultural land to residential and relevant use of commercial ingestion. The depletion effects of natural resources impose the government to apply innovation techniques in emission control and focus on sustainability. The cogeneration will be presented to control thermal losses and increase efficiency of energy power system.
Keywords: Cogeneration, energy indicators, power plant, electricity, environmental loads, environmental impact assessment.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1044
67 Method of Estimating Absolute Entropy of Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Francis Chinweuba Eboh, Peter Ahlström, Tobias Richards
Entropy, as an outcome of the second law of thermodynamics, measures the level of irreversibility associated with any process. The identification and reduction of irreversibility in the energy conversion process helps to improve the efficiency of the system. The entropy of pure substances known as absolute entropy is determined at an absolute reference point and is useful in the thermodynamic analysis of chemical reactions; however, municipal solid waste (MSW) is a structurally complicated material with unknown absolute entropy. In this work, an empirical model to calculate the absolute entropy of MSW based on the content of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, and chlorine on a dry ash free basis (daf) is presented. The proposed model was derived from 117 relevant organic substances which represent the main constituents in MSW with known standard entropies using statistical analysis. The substances were divided into different waste fractions; namely, food, wood/paper, textiles/rubber and plastics waste and the standard entropies of each waste fraction and for the complete mixture were calculated. The correlation of the standard entropy of the complete waste mixture derived was found to be somsw= 0.0101C + 0.0630H + 0.0106O + 0.0108N + 0.0155S + 0.0084Cl (kJ.K-1.kg) and the present correlation can be used for estimating the absolute entropy of MSW by using the elemental compositions of the fuel within the range of 10.3% ≤ C ≤ 95.1%, 0.0% ≤ H ≤ 14.3%, 0.0% ≤ O ≤ 71.1%, 0.0 ≤ N ≤ 66.7%, 0.0% ≤ S ≤ 42.1%, 0.0% ≤ Cl ≤ 89.7%. The model is also applicable for the efficient modelling of a combustion system in a waste-to-energy plant.
Keywords: Absolute entropy, irreversibility, municipal solid waste, waste-to-energy.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1253
66 Co-Disposal of Coal Ash with Mine Tailings in Surface Paste Disposal Practices: A Gold Mining Case Study
Authors: M. L. Dinis, M. C. Vila, A. Fiúza, A. Futuro, C. Nunes
Abstract:The present paper describes the study of paste tailings prepared in laboratory using gold tailings, produced in a Finnish gold mine with the incorporation of coal ash. Natural leaching tests were conducted with the original materials (tailings, fly and bottom ashes) and also with paste mixtures that were prepared with different percentages of tailings and ashes. After leaching, the solid wastes were physically and chemically characterized and the results were compared to those selected as blank – the unleached samples. The tailings and the coal ash, as well as the prepared mixtures, were characterized, in addition to the textural parameters, by the following measurements: grain size distribution, chemical composition and pH. Mixtures were also tested in order to characterize their mechanical behavior by measuring the flexural strength, the compressive strength and the consistency. The original tailing samples presented an alkaline pH because during their processing they were previously submitted to pressure oxidation with destruction of the sulfides. Therefore, it was not possible to ascertain the effect of the coal ashes in the acid mine drainage. However, it was possible to verify that the paste reactivity was affected mostly by the bottom ash and that the tailings blended with bottom ash present lower mechanical strength than when blended with a combination of fly and bottom ash. Surface paste disposal offer an attractive alternative to traditional methods in addition to the environmental benefits of incorporating large-volume wastes (e.g. bottom ash). However, a comprehensive characterization of the paste mixtures is crucial to optimize paste design in order to enhance engineer and environmental properties.
Keywords: Coal ash, gold tailings, paste, surface disposal.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1026
65 Landfill Failure Mobility Analysis: A Probabilistic Approach
Authors: Ali Jahanfar, Brajesh Dubey, Bahram Gharabaghi, Saber Bayat Movahed
Abstract:Ever increasing population growth of major urban centers and environmental challenges in siting new landfills have resulted in a growing trend in design of mega-landfills some with extraordinary heights and dangerously steep slopes. Landfill failure mobility risk analysis is one of the most uncertain types of dynamic rheology models due to very large inherent variabilities in the heterogeneous solid waste material shear strength properties. The waste flow of three historic dumpsite and two landfill failures were back-analyzed using run-out modeling with DAN-W model. The travel distances of the waste flow during landfill failures were calculated approach by taking into account variability in material shear strength properties. The probability distribution function for shear strength properties of the waste material were grouped into four major classed based on waste material compaction (landfills versus dumpsites) and composition (high versus low quantity) of high shear strength waste materials such as wood, metal, plastic, paper and cardboard in the waste. This paper presents a probabilistic method for estimation of the spatial extent of waste avalanches, after a potential landfill failure, to create maps of vulnerability scores to inform property owners and residents of the level of the risk.
Keywords: Landfill failure, waste flow, Voellmy rheology, friction coefficient, waste compaction and type.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1627
64 Reduction Conditions of Briquetted Solid Wastes Generated by the Integrated Iron and Steel Plant
Authors: Gökhan Polat, Dicle Kocaoğlu Yılmazer, Muhlis Nezihi Sarıdede
Iron oxides are the main input to produce iron in integrated iron and steel plants. During production of iron from iron oxides, some wastes with high iron content occur. These main wastes can be classified as basic oxygen furnace (BOF) sludge, flue dust and rolling scale. Recycling of these wastes has a great importance for both environmental effects and reduction of production costs. In this study, recycling experiments were performed on basic oxygen furnace sludge, flue dust and rolling scale which contain 53.8%, 54.3% and 70.2% iron respectively. These wastes were mixed together with coke as reducer and these mixtures are pressed to obtain cylindrical briquettes. These briquettes were pressed under various compacting forces from 1 ton to 6 tons. Also, both stoichiometric and twice the stoichiometric cokes were added to investigate effect of coke amount on reduction properties of the waste mixtures. Then, these briquettes were reduced at 1000°C and 1100°C during 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min in a muffle furnace. According to the results of reduction experiments, the effect of compacting force, temperature and time on reduction ratio of the wastes were determined. It is found that 1 ton compacting force, 150 min reduction time and 1100°C are the optimum conditions to obtain reduction ratio higher than 75%.
Keywords: Iron oxide wastes, reduction, coke, recycling.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 951
63 A Global Perspective on Urban Environmental Problems in Developing Countries: The Case of Turkey
Authors: Nükhet Konuk, N. Gamze Turan, Yüksel Ardalı
Abstract:Cities play a vital role in the social fabric of countries and in national and regional economic growth worldwide; however, the environmental effects of such growth need to be assessed and managed better. The critical and most immediate problems faced by cities of developing countries are the health impacts of urban pollution that derive from inadequate water, sanitation, drainage and solid waste services, poor urban and industrial waste management, and air pollution. As globalization continues, earth's natural processes transform local problems into international issues. The aim of this study is to provide a broad overview of the pollution from urban wastes and emissions in Turkey which is a developing country. It is aimed to underline the significance of reorganizing the institutional tools in a worldwide perspective in order to generate coherent solutions to urban problems, and to enhance urban quality.
Keywords: Environmental pollution, developing countries, environmental degradation, urban environmental problems.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1599
62 Viability of Eggshells Ash Affecting the Setting Time of Cement
Authors: Fazeera Ujin, Kamran Shavarebi Ali, Zarina Yasmin Hanur Harith
This research paper reports on the feasibility and viability of eggshells ash and its effects on the water content and setting time of cement. An experiment was carried out to determine the quantity of water required in order to follow standard cement paste of normal consistency in accordance with MS EN 196-3:2007. The eggshells ash passing the 90µm sieve was used in the investigation. Eggshells ash with percentage of 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% were constituted to replace the cement. Chemical properties of both eggshells ash and cement are compared. From the results obtained, both eggshells ash and cement have the same chemical composition and primary composition which is the calcium compounds. Results from the setting time show that by adding the eggshells ash to the cement, the setting time of the cement decreases. In short, the higher amount of eggshells ash, the faster the rate of setting and apply to all percentage of eggshells ash that were used in this investigation. Both initial and final setting times fulfill the setting time requirements by Malaysian Standard. Hence, it is suggested that eggshells ash can be used as an admixture in concrete mix.
Keywords: Construction Materials, Eggshells Ash, Solid Waste, Setting Time.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1650
61 Acoustic and Thermal Isolation Performance Comparison between Recycled and Ceramic Roof Tiles Using Digital Holographic Interferometry
Authors: A. Araceli Sánchez, I. Manuel H. De la Torre, S. Fernando Mendoza, R. Cesar Tavera, R. Manuel de J. Briones
Abstract:Recycling, as part of any sustainable environment, is continuously evolving and impacting on new materials in manufacturing. One example of this is the recycled solid waste of Tetra Pak ™ packaging, which is a highly pollutant waste as it is not biodegradable since it is manufactured with different materials. The Tetra Pak ™ container consists of thermally joined layers of paper, aluminum and polyethylene. Once disposed, this packaging is recycled by completely separating the paperboard from the rest of the materials. The aluminum and the polyethylene remain together and are used to create the poly-aluminum, which is widely used to manufacture roof tiles. These recycled tiles have different thermal and acoustic properties compared with traditional manufactured ceramic and cement tiles. In this work, we compare a group of tiles using nondestructive optical testing to measure the superficial micro deformations of the tiles under well controlled experiments. The results of the acoustic and thermal tests show remarkable differences between the recycled tile and the traditional ones. These results help to determine which tile could be better suited to the specific environmental conditions in countries where extreme climates, ranging from tropical, desert-like, to very cold are experienced throughout the year.
Keywords: Digital holographic interferometry, nondestructive testing, recycled, sustainable, thermal study.Procedia APA BibTeX Chicago EndNote Harvard JSON MLA RIS XML ISO 690 PDF Downloads 1273


text:
Hi all!
I'm a pro footballer (soccer) in Australia and have been Paleo for approximately 3 months now. Am as lean as ever, fit as ever and enjoying the lifestyle in combination with my training. I have one problem though. I still have a fear of being glycogen depleted going into matches as obviously football is an extremely glycogen depleting activity, especially at a pro level and I'm afraid of crashing late in games and my repeated sprint ability decreasing. Thus, in the lead up to games I turn to my old ways and consume grains/pasta/rice etc.
Can anyone put my mind at ease or tell me if their are any other ways to fuel glycolitic activity?
asked byPinger (35)
Last Activity
Get FREE instant access to our Paleo For Beginners Guide & 15 FREE Recipes!
6 Answers
on January 14, 2012
at 12:52 AM
Hey fellow soccer player. I played soccer the last 4 months of last year on a VLC, extremely high fat diet, and although I felt great at first I soon crashed and ran into various hormonal, sleep, and libido problems. I suggest you switch to a high carb version of the paleo diet, similar to the Kitavan way of eating. Remember, Paleo doesn't necessarily have to be high fat low carb.
Try to get most of your carbs from sweet potatoes, white potatoes, yucca, taro, green plantains, bananas, tapioca, chestnuts and fruit. The fructose in fruit won't do much because as soccer players we are constantly depleting our liver glycogen. Soccer is a highly glycogen depleting sport and you are going to need carbs whether you like it or not! Just stick with the safer sources of carbohydrates.
If you find you have issues with a high carbohydrate diet, than you should only consume carbohydrates around practice, and eat high fat the rest of the day. Many people find their insulin sensitivity greatly increases the more carbohydrate they consume.
on January 13, 2012
at 10:23 PM
Potatoes and white rice would be your best choices. Strong preference for potatoes of the two. Even though white rice is not paleo it is the better of the other items listed.
on January 13, 2012
at 11:03 PM
The good part is that by training while depleted, you'll increase your endurance and make 'crashing' less likely. However you still want to maximise performance on match day. Obviously daily training and regular professional feats of athleticism aren't exactly paleo, but there's a range of compromises available. So in your situation there's nothing particularly non-paleo about carb-loading before the big event, you just want to try and stick to better carbs.
First off the list should be gluten-containing grains. The only reason to eat these is the convenience of the established wheat industry, but they're really not worth it for your health. Other grains have a lesser negative impact on your nutritional absorption, but you probably don't need to worry too much about the hormonal effect in the condition you're in. So the big hitters that are best value are rice and potatoes. Other veg as well can do the job. Try to build up your stores over the 24 hours before the game rather than binging it all at once. Fully loaded, you should be capable of storing in excess of 2500 calories worth of glycogen - you're unlikely to run out in the space of a game if you start off on full. Have a glucose/dextrose drink on the touchline should ensure that's not your limiting factor.
I can go for days working out and not eating anything at all and still be able to sprint, so it's well worth exploring your limits in the off-season. But there's little reason not to get some carbs in before a game. 3 cups of rice a meal for 3 meals could pretty much max you out. For recovery you probably want to eat some paleo carbs after the game as well, so you're unlikely to ever be fully depleted coming in to the next one - so you'd probably be surprised at how few carbs you need to be in top condition for the match. But concentrate on just eating the better carb sources first, and then see how you do with a one meal with rice, and one with potatoes, along with some glucose drink during the game. I'd be surprised if that wasn't more than enough.
on January 14, 2012
at 02:05 AM
I did recently read about this subject. That Paleo Guy MDA Plus elsewhere that I don't recall atm.The result was that you can achieve great results if you carbo load the day before a match. You need not have a high carb diet at all times and it is actually beneficial to train low some of the time. Also it is important not to wait until the day of the match to ingest your carbs.
on January 13, 2012
at 10:43 PM
Do you have all the Gatoraide type drinks during your games like the pros in the US do? I'm kind of wondering how that works out for Paleo low carb athletes, since I don't know that they have regular water at the sidelines.
on January 13, 2012
at 10:42 PM
Yuri Elkaim .. has a program on footbal and nutrition. actually he promotes a high plant based diet.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Asked if other shale operators are likely to join Pioneer in an 'extreme belt-tightening' regimen and what it would mean to future energy supplies, Berg cited the industry's continued efficiency gains.
"That bodes well for future production growth, capital investment and job creation in the Permian," he said. He added that the company also has an eye towards the Permian's Future by being heavily involved with the Permian Strategic Partnership, especially its efforts in attracting and retaining talent.
The Permian, Berg said, "is Pioneer's future. We have a significant drilling inventory on our existing acreage that will allow us to be active in the Permian for decades to come."


text:
On his way to the strike team, Solomon ordered the auxiliary control centre manned and ready, as soon as Oleksandra gave word, he wanted them to fire the laser across the alien ship's bow. After those orders were in place he let the men help him suit up. Although Johannes was clear that the aliens breathed the same air and dwelled in the gravity as humans, they might have donned spacesuits themselves and released all the atmosphere from the tube.
"Your canons on beta are ready Admiral! Arming those on alpha could alert the aliens, they might be monitoring the datalines running through that part of the ship."
"Tell the auxiliary control centre. I'm not in a position to do anything with the lasers." He wondered if they could even be turned towards the ship. Designed to take out any potential space debris and asteroids, they were designed to fire in outward directions.
"Sir?" He looked through his glasses and the displayed data at a young woman, probably in her early twenties. "Yes Private?"
"Excuse my boldness, permission to speak freely?"
With a sighing nod he gave her permission. "You should remain, in case anything happens to you we'd be without an Admiral for the time being. Your place is in the command centre." Stunned Solomon had no reply ready. "She's right Sir." Her immediate superior closed his helmet, thinning his voice to what was audible over the radio. "But if you insist, we're not objecting."
Letting his hands sink again Solomon looked at both of them fully suited. Again he felt the crushing weight of his position upon himself. "You're right." He admitted in a grunting voice, but he wanted to do something. "Alright, you folks continue, I will go to the command centre." He stepped back, as he was the last to donn the helmet, the officer now in command of the strike team closed the door to the maintenance cab. "Just help me outvof this thing, please." He turned to the two privates still in the hallway with him.
"Adjustment complete." One of the laser gunmen sighed in relief just as the Admiral entered the auxiliary control centre. "Perfect!" He yelled.
"Targeting systems can't lock on however. I'll have to aim manually with only the whiskers video feed."
Install cameras on top of the lasers. "Do it then. Be careful and take your time, I know we run the risk of hitting the alpha ring."
The officer just mumbled "Aye Sir." while adjusting the laser.
Invisible to the naked eye, but flashing brightly on the screens, the laser shot missed both the alien vessel and the alpha ring. Within seconds the cigar shaped vessel disengaged, retreated to a distance.
"Reading a power buildup." Solomons temporary second in command, a lieutenant of the name Nikolai Assanov stated. "Engines or weapons?"
Staring at the view screen Solomon silently cursed their inability to scan, or rather interpret the scans of, the alien technology. "Targeting is back online." The cannonier yelled with delight. "Subalpha is too. Rotation will commence within minutes." Nikolai exclaimed.
"Lock on the Harpies, hold your fire for now, but keep ready." Annoyed, but curious Solomon accepted the incoming call from Johannes. "The suit the harpy wears started beeping, but stopped a moment later. If you ask me, they checked her vital signs."
"They just disengaged, and retreated from our ship. Makes sense to check their boarding party's vital signs," pausing he watched in terror the power buildup in the alien ship sky rocket, a shot of some sort destroyed the tube they were connected to a moment ago, but didn't sever the ship. "Spine intact, return fire?" Nikolai asked.
"Be my guest."
Again flashing brightly a laser beam crossed the void of space, striking the cigar where its fire had been shot from. Another bright flash filled the view screen. "Reading a power surge in the damaged section!" Nikolai yelled, everyone braced for an impact that could very well spell disaster for the Horizon.
Instead the weapons of the cigar they obviously had destroyed began exploding. "Piking up another power spike!" Hastily Nikolai looked at around his readings. "Not the weapons this time." All eyes in the room turned from back to the damaged ship on the view screen.
The visual light emitted by the damage faded away and suddenly all trace of it was gone, even the infrared sensors revealed nothimg but empty space. "They're gone sir."
"Call up every and any scientist on this ship, we have a lot of work for them."
Slowly leaving the auxiliary control centre, Solomon received a report that the strike team had returned, most of them however were dead or dying from some sort of radiation exposure.
Johannes included his suspicion that the harpys had figured that their missing crewmate was still in that section so they wanted to destroy any genetic evidence, after receiving confirmation from her suit that she was dead.
Slowly he paced through the hallways towards the hospital where the wounded were treated, where his best friend was working.
"Sir?" Oleksandra appeared seemingly out of nowhere. "When the systems came back online, we received this. It is a repeating call." Glum in his heart he took the offered tablet computer. He listened to the message.
Stared at the tablet, turned his attention to Oleksandra, repeated the message. Explorer had informed them of Ericsson, the automated relaystation and drones. "The crew of the pod on Ericsson is still alive!" Maybe there was a little hope.
With a playful smile Oleksandra nodded. "I was thinking that they might help us. We need reinforcement on our exterior plating, our weapons need more power and I thought that perhaps they could mine some other useful stuff too." With a touch of her finger she drew up a list of minerals and ores she thought useful for their purposes. After going through the list the two exchanged a long glance. "Do it, send a reply."
Struggling with the patients of the strike team, Johannes felt great relief that Solomon had decided otherwise than to go with them. On his display he noticed the test results of the genetic material lifted from the Harpy were ready for review, but he had no time for that just now. Too many casualties that needed treatment.
"Attention all rings, all decks. This is Admiral Solomon Grienberg speaking. After the recent events, which you will be informed about using channel One's news feed, inter-ring transport is suspend unless absolutely necessary. Each ring will be designed to function autonomously. Outter sections of all rings are off limits as of now, details for this measure will be explained in the news reels on chanel One. Thank you for your attention." Not wanting to wait for a resolution from the elected officials, eh? Looking into the results of the genetic analysis Johannes sat down in the break room after most of the casualties had been treated.
For more convenience he had transferred the data to his tablet computer, the data goggles gave him a headache.
"I was looking for you." Solomon had two cups with him, that meant he had gone to one of his secret coffee stashes. Eager for the hot brew Johannes greeted him. "I meant to look for you after finishing this!" He held up the tablet for Solomon to see, after he had sat down on the other side of the table.
In silence the two drank their coffee. Before he had come to find Johannes, Solomon had watched the helmet camera footage of the strike team.
The harpys had been lying in wait for them. Had they not found cover in the maintenance cab, the harpy strike team, in full suit and armor, they would've died in their weapons fire.
"I thought about growing some in my quarters. But I haven't got a green thumb." He desperately needed distraction from the situation.
Nodding Johannes gazed at the tablet, still displaying the results. Unwillingly he kept reading.
Suddenly his eyes widened, his jaw dropped. "Hope you like my coffee?" Trying to distract himself from the situation Solomon kept stuck to the coffee topic.
"My god, they are from earth! Descendants of dinosaurs I recon."
"The Harpies? Are you sure?" Suddenly his interest in the current situation was reawakened. "Birds evolved from dinosaurs, these things share genes with them. I thought they looked similar concerning their physiology, light bones, ovaries but no womb and all, but the harpys are from earth, originally!"


text:
Secret Little Lairs
Posted on Thu Mar 9th, 2017 @ 8:27am by Commander Mercia Kavi
Location: Some Random Area in Space... tbd
When it came up on the sensors of his shuttle, he admitted that he was surprised. Arvix was now staring at a pretty good sized asteroid through the window of his shuttle, and he glanced down at the readings on the console before heading for a set of coordinates on the rocky surface. The sensors also showed the same camouflage mechanism they used in his universe, at the same place. They had to be here. Adjusting his heading, he couldn't help but worry as the nose of his craft crept closer and closer to the asteroid's surface. The disguising cloak was good, as it was fooling him and making him worry that he was going to crash onto the surface of the rock. As he got closer still, he waited for a proximity alarm but heard nothing, and he relaxed as he passed right through it. It was dark inside for a moment until his shuttle's external lights flickered on, and once they did he saw a cavernous space and what looked like a landing platform of some sort up ahead.
As he landed, he noticed that there was an atmosphere inside the asteroid, something his sensors did not pick up outside, and once the shuttle touched the ground he powered it down before rising from his seat and heading for the door. On his way out, he paused at the back of the shuttle and opened a bio compartment, smiling a little at his gift to the Queens, before shutting it and going down the ramp.
Granted, he still expected to asphyxiate the second he left the shuttle, but when he didn't feel the air rush from his lungs he knew it was safe. They had impressive technology to pull off a secret base like this. As he wandered further from the shuttle he spotted a door and headed for it, nodding to himself as he heard the door of the shuttle close behind him. Once at the door, however, he saw it was locked and required a passcode, and he frowned. "Well, now what?" he asked, not expecting any answer. He was, after all, alone, or so he thought.
"Now, your shuttle will be compounded and you will step back and surrender." a cold older voice said tightly.
Arvix turned his head when he heard a voice addressing him, seeing a figure but unable to make out any features because of the dim light. Feeling like there was a weapon aimed at him he raised his hands to shoulder height. "Oh, that won't be necessary. I yield no weapons, I just would like to speak with your superiors."
"Who the hell are you?" the voice demanded.
"Someone who can help them retrieve what was lost sixteen months ago," Arvix responded, his voice taking on a colder tone.
The figure stepped a bit closer, her white hair cut in to a stylish bob. Her black coat wrapp around her and dropped below her knees. "What exactly did they loose?" she demanded.
When Arvix was able to see the woman as she approached, he couldn't keep the smirk from sliding onto his features. "My dear, I extend no hostility toward you. I think lose is a little harsh... more like stolen, from what I presume is a mutual enemy of ours." Making his movements with care, Arvix slowly reached into his pocket and pulled out what initially looked like a piece of white cloth, but upon closer inspection it looked like a doll, with a head and arms formed from the cloth itself with knots. "This look familiar to you?" he asked, holding it up for her to see.
The woman tipped her head, "It looks very familiar. How did you get it?" she demanded still not trusting the man.
"There was one rather interesting young woman in my custody, by the name of Mercia Kavi, who was very stubborn and rather violent," he responded. If he was truthful to her, to some extent, then perhaps he could gain her trust. "The type of loyalty she had was to a false cause and a corrupt government. I don't think I need to tell you about her affiliation with Starfleet." Extending his hands outward just slightly, he finished with, "use your technology to determine if I am telling the truth. I can tell you anything you want to know, but I was hoping that we would be able to combine our strengths and work together... Frost, is it?"
"Bliz actually." The woman in white hair said as she strolled forward and snatched the doll from his hand. She looked identical to Frost, except that she prefered victorian curls in her hair where Frost prefered short hair. "Frost will be quite interested though... Kavi cost us a lot. Get up." she ordered motioning with her gun. "Inside the air lock." she commanded.
The door opened and a few guards stood inside and aimed their weapons at the young man. Bliz led him inside and allowed the guards to take over the aiming their weapons, and she tucked hers away. Inside the airlock was hollowed out all ways, leading in every which direction. Most of the asteroid was hollow, and made for a very nice safe house and base.
"How did you find this place?"
Arvix did as he was told, offering no resistance. "Where I come from, Bliz, your names have a chilling reputation of their own. Because of the... dynamics of parallel universes, I believe most of your histories will coincide with mine. Unfortunately, Starfleet had discovered this location and destroyed it during the search for Miss Kavi. I figured that it wouldn't hurt to see if this base was still standing. If there is one thing you Queens are consistently remarkable at," he smirked a little, "it's not wanting to be found."
Bliz turned and looked at the man. "What the devil would you are you talking about?" she demanded. "Where do you come from, where this base is gone?" she demanded.
Arvix's smile remained. "I come from a parallel universe, my sweet. According to Project Bluebird, written history between this universe and my own are similar, but certain key events were different." He folded his hands calmly behind his back and continued. "The Bolians were wiped out by a... catastrophic event shortly after First Contact. The Klingons won the Cold War against the Federation back in the year 2223, and later gained control of the entire Archanis sector by 2287. The neural parasites that attempted to take control of Starfleet back in 2364, although stopped like in this universe, managed to invade several hundred Federation colonies before defeated. I would go on, but I think I've made my point."
Bliz frowned, "What proof do you have other than these wild stories that this is true?" she demanded. He was led in to an office and pushed in to a chair by her guards. She moved around her desk and sat down, looking at him. "This is a pretty wild story." she said.
She touched a control on her desk, "Check out the intruders ship." she said. "Tear it it apart, and examine the computer core." she ordered. "Any booby traps my men need to know about?" BLiz demanded.
His smile turned into a frown when he was pushed into the chair, and he straightened himself a little before replying. "Just internal security. It is a personal shuttle, after all. The panel is just inside on the right, and the code is 49316." He paused, noting the wary expression of one of them, before adding, "I have no reason to lie to a potential coworker. Or boss, if you prefer." Keeping his eyes on Bliz, he finished with, "the computer core of the shuttle will have an historical record of events from my universe. If you want additional proof, scan me. I should be emitting a slight phase variance."
Bliz narrowed her eyes, as she stood up after grabbing a tricorder out of her drawer. She ran a scan over the man while one of the guards headed out to begin examining the shuttle. "Alright, so if your story proves true, what have you to offer us?" she asked him, folding her arms. She leaned back against her desk, her sisters may be livid, or ecstatic. What he said next would determine that.
"Primarily technology," Arvix replied, leaning back in his chair a little. "When you examine my shuttle you will find a very nicely updated sensor array, among other things. You can use it to find Miss Kavi and continue your... inspiring work. Now you may be wondering if I want anything in return. Fortunately, my subject will be on the same ship as yours. To gain access to the ship should be no challenge, for I have people undercover on board the Gladiator who can gain access to shielding frequencies." He paused before adding, "if anything, I would like a space to continue my research on Project Bluebird, and perhaps we can share our... techniques."
"What is project Bluebird?" Bliz asked as she steepled her fingers. Her sisters might be very interested in this, Frost in particular, who had to have been talked out of putting a bounty on Kavi's head several times. Eventually the sisters would not be able to stop her, but it would likely be a waste. They couldn't seem to get any one to go after the blue skinned monster that Kavi was so keen on, and had killed 11 of the Snow queens.
Arvix smiled. "An ongoing research project involving a rather unique specimen not found in my universe. Remember what I said about the Bolians?" Pausing long enough for her to recall, he continued, "our databases do not have much information on the Bolian species, so to be able to observe one in such detail is an opportunity I simply cannot pass up. Unfortunately she escaped, with the help of a rather... annoying nurse, but she has a specific biosign and will be easy to identify and retrieve."
"What is so special about this Bolian? If you want Bolians I can get you bolians. the slave markets have plenty." Bliz asked as she folded her arms.
"I am sure that the other scientists working for the Order would greatly appreciate that to expand the database," he replied sincerely. "But I am interested in this specific one because she's a hybrid. Half Bolian, and half Human. Quite an intriguing one, and it is something that would never be encountered in my universe. A truly rare specimen. I also tend to think of the specimen more as a... possession, of mine, and I want her back before the Federation destroys months of hard work."
Bliz chuckled, "I can understand that. Alright, I'll spread the word among the sisters. We'll put you up in a room until we've explored your shuttle and connected with my sisters." she said.


text:
At-Risk Students: Transforming Student Behavior For Kindle
Want to have a good book?Please visit our website at : Students: Education and Evolution details the warning signs of disturbing behaviors, which are often overlooked byeducators and/or misdiagnosed by mental health professionals.Educators will be provided with the tools to: expeditiously identify at-risk characteristics; incorporate policies that support and monitor their achievement; implement research-based strategies designed to create a positive school culture that promotes teaching and learning. At-risk Students was written for district and school administrators, department heads, teachers, individuals employed in a traditional public or charter school system, staff in an alternative school working with at-risk students, as well as anyone looking to incorporate a comprehensive behavior system into their strategic school improvement plans as a response to intervention. At-risk Students is a must-read supplement for graduate students seeking a degree in educational administration.Happy reading and good luck, hope you feel at home :)


text:
Custom Web Design & Development Services In Lethbridge, Alberta
MediaLabz is Lethbridge based, full service internet marketing agency that you need for expanding your online presence. We specialize in search engine optimization, web design, social media marketing, Mobile app development, WP maintenance, Google AdWord, and Google remarketing. With expert strategy and extensive knowledge of successfully launching brands, we are a company that is driven by performance and results.
Our team of professionals has the expertise to understand your business and provide a customized online marketing strategy to meet your goals. Whether you run a small or large business, MediaLabz offer unique and creative solutions to help you grow your business in Lethbridge, Alberta.
Web Design Portfolio
Looking for experienced web designers to create appealing websites?
Come to us!
A Package of Our Services
Web Design
We love designing websites that are search engine friendly, functional and responsive.
Search Engine Optimization
We help to increase your visibility and sales through improved search engine ranking.
Social Media Marketing
Our professionals create effective social campaign to spread the world of your business.
Google AdWords
Let us find your targeted customers and increase sales through PPC online advertising.
eCommerce development
Sale your products and services online through a responsive eCommerce website.
Mobile app development
Allow your customers to catch you through their smartphones by developing mobile app.
WP development
Our professionals deliver you stunning, feature rich, and responsive WordPress website.
Facebook Ad
Bring more traffic to your site through targeted Facebook advertisement.
What Makes Us Different From Others
You talk, we listen
Our professionals strive to understand client's business goal and then made all the decisions with those goals in mind.
We value integrity
We believe in providing services with honesty and full integrity. We treat our clients with kindness and respect.
We use WordPress
We develop all business websites with the best open source CMS in the world called WordPress.


text:
Old Members
Content Count
Content Count
Ravels Radical Rivalry
Content Count
Content Count
Popular Content
Showing content with the highest reputation on 04/25/2018 in all areas
1 pointHi all, So, I've been away from this site for a few years - long enough that I find it has changed and my profile is completely empty! It's time to change that. In February, I had the opportunity to perform a recital of my own works, this trio among them. My colleagues and I decided afterwards that it would be worth the trouble to do a house recording of it. This is the result. My personal musical preferences lie squarely in the conservative German branch of the 19th century, and I've always believed that a composer should write the sort of music he or she likes to hear. That's what you can expect from this trio with respect to form, harmony, rhythm, and so forth. It's in four movements. The first movement is a traditional sonata-allegro with slow introduction. The second movement is a scherzo and trio. The third is a theme and variations, based on a melody I wrote when I was 13 or 14 (side note - NEVER throw away the ideas you compose when you're young!) The fourth movement is rondo-like arch form. I hope you enjoy listening to it as much as we enjoyed performing it! I have decided against posting the score. I hate to have to take this stance, but as an essentially unknown composer, I am deeply reluctant to post my scores to an internet site that is open to the world when I know colleagues who have been victimized by thieves stealing their works and claiming them as their own. Even with a legally copyrighted work, it is stressful, time-consuming, and expensive to take these people to court. I apologize to those who would have liked to see it.
1 pointI started this new one-man post-rock project, and this is the first single track I composed for this project. It's available to download from bandcamp : https://mangrovelakeswans.bandcamp.com/track/far-away-in-the-dark
1 pointI really like your peice!
1 pointSo I started writing a third symphony, with the same instrumentation as the previous two. I remembered that I have a lot of unused material that I wrote years ago. Some of it is probably 5 years old or older at this point. I took two things that I wrote, and put them together to create what is intended to be the intro to Movement I. The originals, "composition" and "Symphony," are included below for reference (I imported the original MIDIs, and Musescore messed up the triplets). I took them and tried to improve upon them, including taking them out of the full orchestra zone and condensing them into the chamber orchestration. I wasn't comfortable with the full orchestra back then and I certainly am not now. Overall, the only thing I can say so far about it is that it is very repetitive. I guess that's just part of my style.
1 pointThanks Gustav Johnson, Ampnoe, and pateceramics for your reviews and criticisms. I appreciate them. Gustav Johnson, it is true I haven't been composing as frequently of late. Great to hear that you always enjoy hearing my work! pateceramics, actually if you look closely there are some subtle variations between the four other parts. But even then, there are times when the character of a piece would requires less counterpoint and/or harmony and a more monophonic texture. That is why I do not worry about the way every piece develops. The pieces have their character; and as a composer, I have my character (including strengths and limitations, inclinations). It is about negotiating between those two, about balancing the character of the given piece with the character of the composer. Art can never be entirely objective, if at all; therefore it should never be judged by objective standards. Thanks Ampnoe for your positive words and encouragement!
1 point@pianist_1981 Thank you for your statement with regard to variety in composing styles. I couldn't agree more.
1 pointThanks for taking the time to listen, Willibald - I'm glad you enjoyed it. Regarding the composer competition, I certainly agree with you. I've seldom found much enjoyment in listening to mid to late 20th-century art music. The peculiar thing is that the general market is not actually especially interested in academic music. There's interest among performers and composers, but the vast majority of concert-goers would prefer listening to a Brahms, Bach, or Mozart over a Boulez, Babbitt, or Cage, for instance. Modern composers are often quite removed from this market, partly because it is incredibly difficult to gain a foothold against the established repertoire, and partly because there simply isn't enough demand for classical music to allow most composers to make a living of it. Thus, they pursue it as a hobby in the way that Ives did, while earning their living doing something else. I think what's really at play here is that most post-secondary composition instructors of the past couple of generations grew up in the academic climate of the 50s through 70s - an era that was marked by a striking intolerance for utilizing stylistic elements from past eras in an effort to advance music in the same way that all other fields were advancing - and they push their students to continue this tradition. Most composers are intelligent people, and they pride themselves on this intelligence. They do not want to be regarded as unoriginal, nor as individuals incapable of handling the complexities of highly advanced modern music. Those who did dare write more traditional music (Barber, for instance) often received scathing criticism from the proponents of the new style, and students who were not lucky enough to have an open-minded professor at school were likewise scolded for their lack of originality. This peer pressure can be extremely persuasive, and in my opinion is the primary reason that avant garde styles came to dominate the art music world. Unfortunately, this played a significant role in killing off demand for serious art music (which was seen as necessary by many of the chief proponents of the avant garde movement). The effects are still very much present to this day. A few years ago when I was checking in here more regularly, I remember seeing numerous examples of composers in this forum posting nicely written music in traditional styles who were admonished that they should be "finding a fresh, original voice" rather than imitating styles of the past. Invariably, these detractors were modernists, and ironically, their music was seldom any more creative or original than the composers they scorned - they were just imitating a somewhat more recent style of music. The idea they persisted in advancing - that one MUST employ the tools of the modern era in order for his or her music to be relevant to the modern era - always struck me as deeply flawed. If older musical styles are no longer relevant, why do we still listen to and adore them? Why are they still, to this day, more popular among the concert-going public than modern art music styles? The argument only makes sense if one feels that the primary purpose of music is to advance and evolve. All that said, it also makes no sense to me that anyone would claim the world would be better off had avant garde music never been explored. There are some musicians who genuinely believe that this is the most beautiful and expressive music in the world, and they should not be scorned for it. There are also many who find a real sense of fascination and intellectual fulfillment in the process of writing in serialist, aleatoric, and other avant garde styles. I actually think that for many of them, that is of much more importance and relevance than the resulting sound. And there can be no denying that such music is a greater communicator of certain emotions than the tonal system could be. I suppose, in a nutshell, that I wish people would stop trying to pressure each other into writing in their own preferred style. Write what you enjoy - not what you're told you should write. Unless, of course, you make a living writing music for other people, in which case what you write should probably be something they want to hear. :-)
1 pointI fully understand your stance towards publishing scores. This is really a high-quality work and could easily tempt others to pass them as their own. (I worry far less for my own forays into music as the worst that could happen is that some hapless student tries to hand them in as his own work at school and gets the deserved bad grade for supposedly writing such a sloppy piece.) I really enjoyed listening to your trio; in my purely subjective opinion, it could need a tad more variety -- probably without changing anything except dynamics and tempo markings in the score, just by modelling the contrasts more like Harnoncourt would have done. All in all, this is close to half an hour of music, so you need to keep people engaged. Of course, this is also a matter of taste. The scherzo is really fine, energetic and full of the sort of contrast I mean; the rondo is also very effective. I look forward to other compositions from you! -- The other day, I listened to the winners of a competition for string quartet, and I wonder if those composers really write music they themselves enjoy to listen to. The market for modern "classical" music is stylistically very focused on a certain type of academic late 20th-century compositions (except for film music, which is much more colourful and varied) that does not work very well for long pieces. It was a very tiresome experience.
1 pointHi All, I am looking for a few testers who will help me find issues with Music Jotter. For those of you who don't know, Music Jotter is a music notation software created by Young Composers. Testing is easy. Just use the software like you would any software! And as issues arise, just let me know so I can address them right away. Issues may include bugs, or user interface problems (in case something doesn't make sense or is not clear) Please note that this product is for Windows only. If anyone here is interested, I am eagerly awaiting your responses! Thanks!
1 pointOk, you have had me all over Adam Neeley's youtube page all day long. His black midi of jessie j's domino is insane and so much work. I love all of it.
1 pointI am a fan of a ton of different styles of music. I have gone through a Zedd phase. The one called Find You is perfect in my opinion. I love it even though it isn't very "sophisticated" or "proper music. I also really love progressive indie jazz. I love the bizarre indie electronic stuff too. So, this being a combination of all of that is pretty cool.


text:
Wild Bird Energy Cake Feeder
Product details
- Bird Species
- All
- Accessorytype
- Feeders
- Description
- Specially designed to hold Topflite Wild Bird Energy Cakes. Hang in a tree or from a post in your garden.
Choosing the right food for your pet is important to set them up for life and their overall health (inside and out). We'll provide you with some helpful information below on Superior Nutrition food, and why we recommend a Superior Nutrition diet for the wellbeing of your pet.
Christmas is a joyous occasion for all but can bring serious hazards for our fur-friends. We've listed some of the main hazards to keep an eye out for over this Christmas period.
Plants not only enhance the beauty of your tank but they also provide a great deal of benefits for your fish. A well planted tank can be a stunning sight.


text:
- All sports: Friday, July 12 – Sunday, July 28, 2019
- Pool swimming: Sunday, July 21 – Sunday, July 28, 2019
- The Nambu University Municipal Aquatics Center, Gwangju, Korea
- Meet site
- FinaTV Live Stream
- Entry Lists
Earlier this week we reported how a record number of FINA national member federations are participating across the 6 sporting disciplines at this year's Aquatics World Championships. 194 of 209 federations are expected to compete in Gwangju over the entire competition, with a total number of athletes expected to reach 2500.
For the first time in the 46-year history of the FINA World Aquatics Championships, the nations of Bhutan, St. Kitts and Nevis and Eritrea will be participating.
Bhutan, a nation located in the Eastern Himalayas in South Asia, will see 2 pool swimmers contest events in Gwangju, while St. Kitts and Nevis will also be sending a pool swimmer. St. Kitts and Nevis is an island country in the West Indies within the Commonwealth realm.
Finally, Eritrea, an African nation bordering Sudan, Ethiopia, and Djibouti, will see 2 swimmers represent the country in Gwangju.
With the official entry lists now having been published for pool swimming, below are the lineups for the debuting nations of Bhutan, St. Kitts and Nevis and Eritrea.
Bhutan (BHU):
- Kinley Lhendup – men's 50m fly & 200m IM
- Sangay Tenzin – men's 50m free & 100m free
St. Kitts and Nevis (SKN):
- Jennifer Harding-Marlin – women's 100m free & 50m back
Eritrea (ERI):
- Daniel Christian – men's 100m free & 100m fly
- Ghirmai Efrem – men's 50m free & 50m back