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Tourism is a vital and most powerful software to promote nationwide integration and produce folks from completely different elements of the country or sub – continents close collectively. Over the last 20 years I've labored with extra particular education college students than I can keep in mind as a particular education instructor and a regular education trainer instructing inclusion classes. High quality and educational outcomes: It's difficult to generalize concerning the high quality of personal faculties.
Forty p.c of highschool college students do not make it to grade eleven. In response to UNICEF, Around 27 % of public colleges shouldn't have working water, 78 p.c are with out libraries, and seventy eight percent should not have computer systems. A distance studying course is a web based based mostly course that has helped individuals who might already be working or those that want to remain at home achieve a degree.
Later, DeVos' group toured the Southeastern Institute of Manufacturing and Know-how at Florence-Darlington Technical Faculty, where students be taught conventional manufacturing abilities but also apply newer technology, together with digital actuality, to their duties.
In the twenty first century, the proliferation, inculcation and improvement of information are at the core of recent life. As a substitute of all of the standardized exams college students are subjected to the lecturers should be able to write their very own tests based on the curriculum that students must know at every grade stage with the intention to have a powerful educational foundation.
Since 1909, the ratio of youngsters in the creating world attending faculty has increased. Some high and center faculty districts assign college students a laptop computer that they have to use inside the classroom. Preserving issues cleaner around the house, opting to lessen or give up smoking altogether, or exercising extra are just a few of the various alternative ways taught in public well being education to combat illness and improve one's way of life.
Let me say once more – there are many glorious teachers out there who sincerely care about their students and who're prepared to vary things as much as benefit the members of their classroom. Handicapped students, students that have to journey rather a lot, and college students with jobs can now full their levels wherever they go with a versatile schedule and infrequently at their very own tempo.
Every human being wants oxygen to survive on this planet. National Policy on Education (1986) felt that "the growing concern over the erosion of essential values and an growing cynicism in society has delivered to focus the necessity for readjustments within the curriculum with a view to make education a forceful tool for the cultivation of social and ethical values".
Russell would concur that content usually lacks context, which means that teaching often would not contain instructing college students find out how to decide the veracity, viability, worthiness and usefulness of what's discovered. In the meantime college students who've mastered the material move to enrichment learning or help with instruction of those who have not achieved mastery.
Some individuals travel to overseas nations with a view to acquire quality educational coaching. American youngsters are suffering due to the inadequacies of the individuals involved with the educational system. For busy individuals seeking flexibility, incomes a university diploma is simpler to realize with the convenience of online education.
The story "My Shadow" supplies the backdrop for this guided lesson on the letters I, M and J. Learning to read letter by letter allows kids to focus not solely on letter recognition, however on the sounds that the letters make in context. People within the society purchase new approaches in life that build opinions on the economical and social life.
Why Is Education Vital?
On this paper I'm going to have a look at the effect globalization has on education whether it is optimistic or detrimental. The result of this lack of a deeper understanding is beginning to be seen in highschool students today. Though many excessive and middle schools use the traditional approaches of educating they are now using digital primarily based instruction at a greater price.
If this is accomplished, education will equip graduates with the requisite expertise to survive the financial battles and challenges of real life. As we speak's children arrive at school with out breakfast and infrequently haven't had enough sleep, which results in issue specializing in their schoolwork.
Signal Up
Youngsters learn about completely different jobs and the way individuals assist their communities in this quiz. This lowers the morale of the lecturers in addition to the scholars.
Education has changed considerably in the last twenty years. However what I'm saying is that colleges have to have a better system of monitoring these placements and have the ability to rapidly remove students that are not figuring out, and are taking valuable learning time away from other students. Think about, for instance, if students had already discovered something concerning the artists or the historic context surrounding what they saw on the museum, or if they'd learn Twelfth Night time" before seeing a performance.
An educational system where students can fulfil their needs and never bow to transient trends is critical for proper growth and realization of one's full potential. In actual fact, education has change into a major cause of poverty, considering the truth that it has no provision for instilling the data of wealth creation rules in students.
Without the advantages of a public well being education, most individuals might feel healthy sufficient and never discover the need to go for a general test-up. As a substitute of getting ready for checks the teachers should be allowed to teach the basics that our children have to know to perform in society.
Being conscious that it is essential to see your doctor repeatedly is among the vital issues discovered in a superb public health education. So although arts education has many different benefits, she said, such as creative pondering, her research have focused on kids's reminiscence for educational topics, evaluating what kids remembered 10 weeks after material was taught.
Education is a crucial software that's applied within the modern world to succeed. Christianity educated people in colleges whereas inserting certain limits on the human development. They permit students to go off in teams on their very own and study educational concepts from permitted software or web sites. When the first settlers arrived to the USA, the faith they have been educating in colleges was Protestantism.
In modern instances, particularly in Western education models, students are seen as proverbial "empty vessels" sitting on the toes of "fuller," older, wiser, discovered professional educators who empty their knowledge into these empty heads thereby filling them with what anyone else is aware of.
Counting Pizza Party Sport
High school education, additionally known as secondary education in some international locations, is a continued for of imparting data and studying to college students who've finished elementary education. Secondary education has a longer historical past in Europe, the place grammar schools or academies date from as early as the sixteenth century, in the type of public schools , payment-paying colleges , or charitable educational foundations, which themselves date even further back.
86 For instance, in this system, a city's faculty system could draw school district boundaries so that almost all the scholars in a single college are from low-revenue families, and that almost all the students within the neighboring colleges come from more prosperous families, although concentrating low-earnings college students in a single college results in worse educational achievement for your complete school system.
education quotes in latin, education in indonesia today, education quotes for students
For years our schools have been lagging behind different countries. It's informed primarily by psychology , bearing a relationship to that self-discipline analogous to the connection between drugs and biology Educational psychology, in flip, informs a variety of specialties within educational studies, including tutorial design , educational technology , curriculum growth, organizational studying , particular education and classroom management Educational psychology both draws from and contributes to cognitive science and the educational sciences In universities, departments of educational psychology are usually housed inside schools of education, possibly accounting for the dearth of illustration of educational psychology content in introductory psychology textbooks (Lucas, Blazek, & Raley, 2006).

subset: commoncrawl


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No-fault divorce came to New York nearly two years ago to give couples the chance to end unhappy marriages without taking or assigning blame. Brian Cashman isn't that lucky, despite being general manager of the New York Yankees. Cashman's alleged, headline-grabbing affairs are costing him an "all-his-fault" divorce.
Cashman and his wife of 17 years, separated two years ago not long after rumors surfaced that Cashman was having an affair with a Westchester woman. The divorce action simmered until earlier this year when another woman was arrested.
The other woman involved had allegedly been stalking the Yankee boss in an attempt to extort money from him. Cashman's estranged wife filed divorce papers the day after the harassment arrest, when the other woman announced she had also been a mistress of Cashman's for over a year.
The complaint requested joint custody of the couple's 8- and 13-year-old children, a fair split of real estate assets and permanent alimony. The divorce case was recently set to open in a public court -- an expected knock-down, drag-out event sure to draw a strong media presence.
However, the high-profile, high-asset divorce may not require a trial after all. Cashman's soon-to-be ex-wife's attorney informed a judge finishing touches were being added to an undisclosed agreement.
Affairs don't carry the stigma they once did during divorce, but infidelity can still affect the outcome of a divorce settlement. Cashman's public image, and even his employment situation, could be marred by the revelation of sordid affair details.
Unfaithfulness can work as a tool on behalf of a wronged spouse. Cashman may have to forfeit valuable assets that he would otherwise fight to keep during the divorce process to keep his baseball reputation intact.
Source: nypost.com, "Yankees GM settles divorce to avoid messy trial," Reuven Fenton and Dareh Gregorian, Sept. 14, 2012


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GrayRobinson's customs attorneys help our clients handle and avoid problems with Customs and other governmental agencies at the border. Our customs attorneys and international trade attorneys regularly provides guidance on a wide range of issues related to the importation of goods into the United States, including:
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|« Preview: OFF! @ Reggies 7/17
|Canasta in Masks »
Review Tue Jul 12 2011
Review: Sundowner @ Bottom Lounge
Photo by Katie Karpowicz
In 2007 local label Red Scare digitally released Four One Five Two, a twelve-track debut from artist Sundowner. Four One Five Two was full of acoustic tracks ranging from whimsical jaunts to self-deprecating wallows, but the most notable element of this release was the voice that accompanied the music. The man behind this album was Chris McCaughan, guitarist and co-frontman of Chicago punk favorites The Lawrence Arms.
On Saturday, more than four years later, Sundowner aka McCaughan celebrated the vinyl release of Four One Five Two with a show in the intimate upstairs bar area of the Bottom Lounge.
Despite the relaxed atmosphere of the show--a gathering of Chicago punk fans and friends--McCaughan's set was still teeming with professionalism. While the show celebrated Sundowner's debut LP, there were still plenty of cuts from his follow-up album, 2010's We Chase the Waves, and even a couple Lawrence Arms' tracks--namely "The Revisionist" and "Fireflies"--worked into McCaughan's setlist. The songs were played in rapid-fire succession, eliminating almost all between-song banter. However, this pace wasn't necessarily a bad thing. After all, when your songs are as poetic and personal as some of Sundowner's hard-hitting tracks like the painfully wry "Mouth of a Tiger" or the somber croon of "In the Flicker" there's not much else to say.
Photo by Katie Karpowicz
About halfway through his set, after belting out the quirky minute and 36 second jam "Baseball's Sad Lexicon," McCaughan wrapped up the acoustic part of his set and--much to the audience's pleasure--plugged in an electric guitar to finish out the night with. McCaughan, who's been long regarded as the more polished voice in comparison to his Lawrence Arms co-vocalist Brendan Kelly, let his rich vocals drift out over the coarse distortion of his Les Paul, creating a hauntingly good time for reverent listeners. It was truly a treat for anyone expecting to hear the same acoustic versions of songs like "Midsummer Classic" and "What Beadie Said" that appear on Sundowner's records.
Sundowner delivered a fantastic set in both quality and quantity. The set lasted well over an hour, starting around 11pm and continuing into the new day. That duration seems even more impressive when considering only a handful of Sundowner's songs surpass the three-minute mark. The abundant setlist combined with McCaughan's flawless recreation of his solo productions made the late night trek out to West Loop more than worth it.
Vinyl copies of Four One Five Two will be available for sale on Red Scare's site on August 9.


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Kaiaka Bay Beach Park is not as well known as it's next-door neighbor Ali'i Beach Park, but that's a good thing! It's just as accessible and not as crowded!
Kaiaka Bay / Beach Details:
Park Location:
66-449 Haleiwa Rd, Haleiwa, HI 96712. From Haleiwa, head west on Haleiwa Road, past the boat harbor and Ali'i Beach Park. The entrance to the park is on your right, not far past the fire station.
You'll find designated parking the whole length of the park road.Swimming at Kaiaka Park:
Seasonal swimming. Stay away from the sharp exposed reef.Lifeguard:
None.Restrooms at Kaiaka:
There are public restrooms, and outdoor showers.
Kaiaka Bay Beach Park Images:
Love coffee?
We small-batch roast all our coffee here on the North Shore!
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Wednesday, 25 August 2010
A Living Word
Monday - Friday, 6.40am on RTÉ Radio 1
See the website here The podcasts seem to be very out of date though.
Contributions are very welcome. One week's output comprises five scripts in total, each of which should average 250 words at most. The five individual pieces may be a freestanding choice of topics or a thematised suite with a unitary concern. Personal and narrative material works well. The language should seek to be agile and vernacular, the tone companionable and even intimate.
Don't forget that the microphone (the Ancient Greek for 'a small voice') is the very opposite of the megaphone! Listen live or on the Website to editions of the programme as a good general guide.
Submissions for consideration should be sent to:
A Living Word, Arts and Features, Radio Centre, RTÉ, Donnybrook, Dublin 4
2 comments:
- Totalfeckineejit said...
(in hushed tones) Hello, ad you are very welcome to the quiet zone.Today we ...BOO!
- 25 August 2010 at 18:21
- Peter Goulding said...
I used to write for the Angelus but it got a bit monotonous.
- 25 August 2010 at 21:08
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text: Hello Will be moving a site to exchange in the coming months, not many of the users have a domain login that is when they log into win2k they only log into the actual PC. This is because all their existing settings (mail, desktop, mydocs etc)would be lost if we moved them all to domain logins. Does this affect outlook logging into exchange ? thanks Ryan


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Meg Tuite is the author of a novel-in-stories, Domestic Apparition, a short story collection, Bound By Blue, and won the Twin Antlers Collaborative Poetry award for her poetry collection, Bare Bulbs Swinging, as well as five chapbooks of short fiction, flash, and poetic prose. She teaches at Santa Fe Community College, is a senior editor at Connotation Press, an associate editor at Narrative Magazine, fiction editor at b(OINK) zine and editor of eight anthologies. Her work has been published in numerous literary magazines, over fifteen anthologies, nominated nine times for the Pushcart Prize, five-time Glimmer Train finalist, placed 3rd in Bristol Prize, and Gertrude Stein award finalist.
Website: megtuite.com
Twitter: @megtuite
Instagram: @crazyrabbitposse


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|The 14th June 2020 is the date for your diaries for the next Mini Cooper Register National Mini Day at Beaulieu. The time of year when the New Forest fills with the sound and sight of minis.
|Entry per person is only £11.00 in advance or £6.00 for a child and allows entry to the Beaulieu complex. Please book your advance tickets here. (Trade stall holders must now book their tickets through this link)
|This year sees the 60th anniversary of the mini. The MCR will be celebrating this milestone with a display of 60 minis, including pickups, vans and estates from an early 1959 saloon right up to a 2019 modern mini model. The cars will be displayed in a way to show the progression of 60 years of technology and design.
|Ex- works and competition cars
|As usual there will be a good line up of the ever popular Ex-works and competition cars presented by Robert Young. Robert is confident that many 'new to the scene' cars will be on display.
Giving their view of the events of the past decades of competition of the mini, will be many of the MCR's honorary members whose experiences span the years of the heyday of the mini.
Once again the concours will share space in the arena. Last year was again a good year with many classes full on the day, meaning our judges once again had a hard time finding the best, but eventually the winners of the prestigious trophies were found. Our classes were restructured a few years ago and now offer more of a chance to win whether you own a Cooper or a mini.
It is advisable to enter early to ensure that you receive a place. Concours entry in advance is only £5 plus the price of an entry ticket. Entry on the day (£7.50) is permitted providing there is sufficient room available in the chosen class.
|Our show at Beaulieu has long been associated with finding those hard to source items or new parts to enhance your car. This year will be no exception. As in previous years we will have a dedicated trunk trading area where non traders will be selling spare parts accumulated over the years (Contact 02380 560073 evenings only). The main trade area will be populated in equal measure with traders selling hard to find or desirable parts and those selling modern replacements and accessories.
Trade stands must be booked through this web site, just click this link to go to the site plan and click the stall(s) you would like to book.
|Club stands
|Club and regional stands can be booked, although tickets for club members should be bought in advance via the ticket line as below. MCR regions can also book by the same method. The booking form is here.
Graham Robson, who has not only been a competition manager, but has written many books on cars of all marques will interview our guests and give his view of the show from behind the microphone.
|The postcode for your satnavs is SO42 7ZN. For any other queries please email email@example.com


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Adapted Trojans unbeaten heading into state tourney
The New Prague Trojan adapted floor hockey team will compete in the Minnesota State High School League Adapted Floor Hockey Tournament, which will be held Friday and Saturday, March 15 and 16, at Bloomington Jefferson High School. The Trojan team, which includes players from New Prague, Tri-City United, Le Sueur-Henderson, Belle Plaine and Jordan schools, are 10-0 on the season, having defeated South Washington County in their regular season finale last week, 10-3, and then defeating Minnetonka/Wayzata in a state play-in game 12-2.
New Prague enters the tournament as the No. 2 seed from the South, despite its unbeaten record. Seeding was done prior to last week's game with South Washington County, which is 9-1 on the season, and South Washington received the No. 1 seed.
This is the Trojans' ninth trip to the state tournament, having qualified every year but one since 2010. They were state champions in 2014 and placed several other times, including last year when they won the consolation championship.
New Prague will face Anoka-Hennepin in the quarterfinals of the state tournament. This is the same team they lost to in the first round last season, 10-7. Game time is 6:30 p.m. Friday, March 15. Win or lose, they play at least one more game on Saturday. If they win, they play at noon Saturday against either defending state champion St. Cloud or Maple Grove. If they lose, they play in the consolation round at 9 a.m. If they win either or both of their first two games, they will play a third game on Saturday.
Trojans 10, Thunderbolts 2 New Prague hosted South Washington County in a twice-postponed game Tuesday, March 5.
Both teams were undefeated going into the game. In fact, neither team had even trailed in a game all season.
"Our kids came out with a ton of energy and dominated this game from the first drop of the puck to the last," said Coach Shellie Kriha. "We never trailed in this game, and it seemed like South Washington didn't have an answer for anything that we were doing."
Dylan Raaen led the Trojan offense with.....
To see more on this story pick up the March 14, 2019 print edition of The New Prague Times.


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Job Done Locksmith is locally owned and operated in Denver, and serves a wide range of surrounding communities along the Front Range. These include Arvada, Henderson, Littleton, Evergreen, Morrison, Mead, Washington Park, Commerce City, Idaho Springs, and many more. Day or night, if you're in the Denver area and in need of a 24-hour locksmith service, Job Done Locksmith is the one to call.
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Dr Samantha Caton BSc (Hons), M.Med.Sci, PhD
The University of Sheffield
Section of Public Health
School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR)
Regent Court
30 Regent Street
Office: 2037, 2nd Floor, Regent Court
Tel: +44 (0) 114 222 4198
Fax: +44 (0) 114 222 0749
email: email@example.com
ORCiD: 0000-0002-9096-0800
I am a biological Psychologist with an interest in the broad areas of obesity, appetite regulation and nutrition. My first degree was in Psychology (University of Leeds) followed by a Masters degree in Human Nutrition (University of Sheffield). I undertook my PhD at the University of Liverpool, studying the effects of alcohol on appetite regulation and energy balance. My PhD allowed me to combine both Psychology and Human Nutrition.
I joined the Section of Public Health as a Lecturer in October 2013. Prior to this I was a lecturer in Biopsychology and Neuroscience at the University of Bradford. I have held post-doctoral positions both internationally and nationally; Germany (Ludwig Maximillians Universität, Munich, Department of Endocrinology), USA (Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, Department of Psychology) and most recently in the UK (University of Leeds, Institute of Psychological Sciences).
Research Interests
Promotion of healthful eating in pre-school children.
Infant feeding behaviour.
Effect of alcohol on appetite and body weight regulation.
Teaching Interests
Public Health teaching in Phase 1 of the Undergraduate Medical Degree (MBChB)
Supervision of Masters dissertations
Supervision of Postgraduate research students
PhD Supervision
I am interested in supervising Research Students in topics/areas such as Obesity, Nutrition and Infant feeding.
Professional Activities
Association for the Study of Obesity (ASO)
Society for the Study of Ingestive Behaviour (SSIB)
British Feeding and Drinking Group (BFDG)
Current Projects
- Promotion of vegetable intake in pre-school children. I am currently involved, via my honorary fellowship at the University of Leeds, in an EU (FP7) funded project, "HabEat: Determining factors and critical periods in food Habit formation and breaking in Early childhood: a multidisciplinary approach" The work package that I am directly involved in is undertaken at the Human Appetite Research Unit Infant Lab, Institute of Psychological Sciences with Professor Marion Hetherington
- Early prevention: responsive feeding in pre-school children. This work is undertaken as part of an ESRC White Rose Collaborative studentship.
Key Publications
Caton SJ, Blundell P, Ahern SM, Nekitsing C, Olsen A, Moller P, Hausner H, Remy E, Nicklaus S, Chabanet C, Issanchou S, Hetherington MM. (2014) Learning to eat vegetables in early life: the role of timing, age and individual eating traits. PLoS One. 30;9(5).
Ahern SM, Caton SJ, Blundell P, Hetherington MM. (2014) The root of the problem: increasing root vegetable intake in preschool children by repeated exposure and flavour learning. Appetite. 9;80C:154-160.
Ahern SM, Caton SJ, Bouhlal S, Hausner H, Olsen A, Nicklaus S, Moller P, Hetherington MM. (2013) Eating a rainbow. Introducing vegetables in the first years of life in 3 European countries. Appetite. 71:48-56.
Caton SJ, Ahern SM, Remy E, Nicklaus, Blundell P, Hetherington MM (2012). Repetition counts: repeated exposure increases intake of a novel vegetable in UK pre-school children compared to flavour-flavour and flavour-nutrient learning, British Journal of Nutrition 109(11):2089-97.
Caton SJ, Ahern S, Hetherington MM. (2011) Vegetables by stealth: an exploratory study investigating the introduction of vegetables in the weaning period. Appetite 57(3):816-25.
Caton SJ, Bate L, Hetherington MM (2007) Acute effects of an alcoholic drink on food intake: aperitif versus co-ingestion. Physiology & Behaviour, 90 (2-3):368-375.
Caton SJ, Marks J, Hetherington MM (2005) Pleasure and alcohol: manipulating pleasantness and the acute effects of alcohol on food intake. Physiology & Behavior. 84(3):371-377.
Caton SJ, Ball M, Ahern A, Hetherington MM (2004) Dose-dependent effects of alcohol on appetite and food intake. Physiology & Behavior. 81(1):51-58.
Yeomans MR, Caton SJ, Hetherington MM (2003) Alcohol and Food Intake. Current opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. 6(6):639-644.


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Countdown to Camp: 80
As we look ahead to training camp in late July, we're going to take a daily retrospective look back at some random people, moments and games from Jets history...
The Current 80
Number 80 hasn't been worn since Wayne Chrebet retired, which probably means the team will wish to retire it at some point because Chrebet's rise from camp-tryout to leading receiver embodies a lot of the qualities the Jets desire from their players. A clutch possession receiver with terrific hands, Chrebet was a fan favorite even though he never made it to a pro bowl.
The Greatest
Although the number 80 jersey will be retired in honor of Chrebet, he's arguably not the greatest player to wear it. Defensive tackle John Elliott - undersized, but the fastest tackle in the league and with tremendous technique - played all seven years with the Jets and was a three-time pro bowler in addition to being an all-pro in the Jets' Super Bowl winning season.
The other 80's
Lam Jones, James Thornton, Mark Boyer...
The '80 season
The Jets were a bad team in 1980, losing their first five games and finishing up with just four wins.
Running back Bruce Harper led the team in receiving but Richard Todd had a rough year as the starting quarterback, throwing 30 interceptions. On defense, Ken Schroy and Darrol Ray combined for 14 interceptions and three fumble recoveries, racking up 298 return yards and three touchdowns.
Tackle Marvin Powell was the team's only representative at the pro bowl.
A big 80-yarder
A memorable 80-yard touchdown here from Mark Sanchez to Braylon Edwards in the 2009 AFC title game:
Let us know if there's any connections to 80 that we missed...


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February 11, 2019
How Goodness Empowers You
The ever-increasing speed of daily life has uprooted our need to align our values with how we consume food, products, and even information. We are increasingly surrounded by unsustainable and unhealthy practices that add no true value to our lives.
February 11, 2019
Enriched Lifestyle with Mindfulness
There is so much of hurry and speed in our lives today, it is difficult to have clarity. Clarity in thought, in intention and in action. We continue to do our daily tasks and routine without having to consider what
February 11, 2019
Can Social Consciousness Create Change?
We have two parallel narratives in our society today, on one hand, we are becoming more individualistic and our own personal welfare has become a priority, we are more narcissistic and driven by pressures of consumerism. But we also have
July 11, 2018
Top 5 Wellness Breaks this Summer
How has the year been treating you so far? Are you a little frazzled or stressed from the day-to-day of everyday life? As summer approaches and we begin to plan our annual holidays, our thoughts have turned to a different
July 11, 2018
The Importance of Clean Beauty
Are you aware of the ingredients used in all of the bottles and containers that fill your bathroom shelves? As ever, awareness is key to leading a more fulfilled, healthy and happy life. Over the past decade, the beauty industry


text:
Agência Superar Limitada is a local establishment with more than twenty years of experience in the industry. Since inception we are committed to our partners (customers and agencies) representing high quality products and service at fair prices.
Our business is primarily focused on Wine followed by Sake, Coffee and Chinese wine. An integrated solution of imported beverages to answer our customer's needs. We offer a professional service and we strive to keep strong and stable relationships with our partners.
Our portfolio shows wines at various price-points, styles and regions, including exclusive Portuguese wines imported directly from our Portuguese agencies. We supply only the best quality wine, at any price range.
Our clients are our friends and they are the center of our dedication. In order to keep Agência Superar Limitada a secure value in a thriving market such as Macau, we are committed to reply any enquires and to propose solutions according to your needs.
Now, after more than two decades of business, the passion is still very much alive and we certainly look forward to share it with you.
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text:
Tuesday, September 13, 2011
Resentments and Blame
Resentment... mine... toward my husband who is angry with me, resentful of the book, and blaming me for his unhappiness. He's not speaking to me since last evening. But he left me a note. Here's one thing it says: "Right now it seems like my part in your life is more of a distraction than a pleasure, and for that it's too bad "the book" has to be so all consuming, especially this month, and in the time we could have had before the October show. It's wearing me out feeling that disconnect with you... " So, he's resentful of me and the book, and I'm resentful that he's resentful. What a viscous circle.
The resentment builds when I think of some of my guest artists whose husbands help them with great enthusiasm and evident pride for their part in the book. This level of support is something I've never had from my husband. My work, whatever it is, just seems to get in the way of whatever it is he wants from me. Resentment. Yep, it's at a pretty high level right now.
Now thinking about OA and the spiritual foundation of the program and about how addiction is fueled by resentments. About clearing resentments away. I've never especially thought of myself as a resentful person previously. I let go of things pretty easily and I prefer the state of peace to the state of anger or resentment.
Because that's the way I am, Peaceful bird, I wrote my husband a reply saying I was sorry and had not anticipated the book and the deadlines would be so tough on us. I asked what he would like from me this month. I told him how much I appreciate his support so far with it (and by that I actually mean that he hasn't thrown any hissy fits about it until yesterday). He's still not talking to me.
More resentment. Thoughts of divorce. Angry and resentful thoughts toward him. Not good for book progress. Not good for me. Not good for getting a good night's sleep. Not good for him and not good for me. But how to end it? That I don't really know. Beyond eating humble pie, which is what I generally do (and have already done) to end these wars, what can I do to dump my own resentments????
Gratitude, maybe a little. But I'm in no mood for gratitude. Act as if... Hmmm... Yes, that's good wisdom. Act as if his resentments don't hurt me. Act as if he's fully supportive of me working on the book. Act as if our relationship is healthy and we are connected. Act as if I felt sure of his love for me. Act as if my love for him is as full and rich as ever it was. Act as if everything is OK. Act as if I can hear his blame and sarcasm and resentment and not take it personally, as if I can understand it and accept it as who he is right now and as the only way he knows to strike out at a world that doesn't seem to need or want him. Act as if my resentments drained away, leaving compassion and understanding and respect in their place. Maybe.... there's a little glimmer here now....
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
Gratitude for today: raspberries, Lunnette, blogging, my parents, early writing mentors, comfortable shoes.
8 comments:
This post makes me mad...at him..and sad for you because he cannot find joy in your work or support for you.ReplyDelete
Sad because you both don't seem to know or be able to achieve what makes you happy.
Resentment is certainly a hard thing to deal with from both sides. I know about humble pie too, and I don't like it.
I wish you peaceful mind, precious bird.
You know I can relate. I just had a similar 'conversation' about my own husband with my therapist Actually the entire session was about this very topic. (she works with my husband too and we've had couple's therapy with her).ReplyDelete
Her advice. He's telling you how you make him feel. So don't make him wrong about that. You need to be able to tell him how you feel-but also don't be made to feel that you are wrong. She also would say you both need to listen and hear each other and let the other one know we really do hear what the other is saying. Then try to work on a compromise in some way. Straight from the therapist's mouth, almost.
I'm sorry you are going through such a painful time. It's sad, because one would think this would be an exciting and fun time, with the book offer. But... this is reality, yes?ReplyDelete
PJ's therapist gave great advice. And in a perfect world, where BOTH parties took it and participated, it would work. But... I'd be willing to bet you will say that you've tried to talk to him before. And as you said, you just end up being the peace maker, and things don't really get resolved. That... I understand from personal experience. "The Book" isn't really the issue, as I'm sure you know... it just added pressure to an already strained situation.
I hope you find a way to find real calm and peace, and that you both can find that love again that you had in the beginning. I'm sure that would be your first choice. I hope that is still possible.
Blessings and peace to you.
I am always amazed at how frank and honest you are in your posts. I understand that the process only works if you are honest but I can't imagine laying myself so bare.ReplyDelete
I am also always amazed by how often things you write echo what I am thinking/feeling. The last two days, I have been full of anger and resentment and wondering how to deal with it.
When your husband is prepared to talk again, could the two of you agree a timetable that will allow you the time you need for the book and some quality time with him? Perhaps 2 hours a day when you garden with him or one day a week when you don't work on the book?
I'm so sorry that he is not supporting you. I am impressed with the calmness of your response to him in the face of the overwhelming emotion. Are you still seeing someone together? If so, this seems like something to discuss. For me, resentment can build if I don't say anything. And fester.ReplyDelete
I can see where you are coming from. So hard to deal with these emotions huh? Struggling with resentments myself, thoughts of divorce... not being recognized in ones needs is hard on everyone.ReplyDelete
I wish for you to be able to stay true to yourself, find peace within and in what you love. Thinking about you and sending good thoughts your way.
- AnonymousSeptember 14, 2011 at 4:28 PM
Just remember that often behind resentments is something called fear; and often behind anger is something called fear. Common denominator here? And often behind fear is lack of control and unmet expectations. Funny how when we let go of control and expectations, things often get better. The difficulty is keeping our side of the street clean in the process. -DBReplyDelete
none of us are therapists but it just seems if your hubby felt love, felt he was a partner, yada yada, then he would support your efforts. Same with you...I think when we each are insecure it's hard to support our mates. Hope you can both work through this...if not, then you need to do what you both need to do. Life's too short to make each other unhappy.ReplyDelete


text:
Meher Ramesh
Narendra, Prachod
Mani Sharma, Mano Murthy, Ranjith, Kannan, Rita
Prabhas, Krishnam Raju, Anushka Shetty, Hansika Motwani... more
Action, Thriller
Feb 14, 2016
Billa 2 is a Action, Thriller telugu movie, directed by Meher Ramesh, starring Prabhas, Krishnam Raju, Anushka Shetty, Hansika Motwani along with others. Here, on the movie page, you will find every thing that you need to know. Get the up-to-date news updates of Billa 2, as it happens. Watch the latest songs videos in full HD right here on gomolo. We recommend you to start with Billa 2 trailer to get a hang of the movie. Check out what others are saying about the movie on twitter.
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Difference between revisions of "Backup 1.9 conversion for developers"
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Great! Now we have all the information needed to start with coding.
Great! Now we have all the information needed to start with coding.
== Writing the conversion handler ==
== Writing the conversion handler ==
Revision as of 06:50, 27 May 2011
|Tutorial for developers on backup 1.9 conversion
|Project state
|Ready to use
|Tracker issue
|David Mudrak
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Getting familiar with the required changes of the structure
- 3 Writing the conversion handler
- 3.1 The backup conversion workflow
- 3.2 The handler library template
- 3.3 Setting-up the development environment
- 3.4 Data structure transformations
- 3.5 Writing the transformed data into the new XML file
- 3.6 On-path-start and on-path-end events
- 3.7 Writing a complete tree-ish structure into the XML file in one step
- 3.8 Finishing the job
- 3.9 Important notes
This page follows up the tutorial at Backup 2.0 for developers and describes how to implement support of Moodle 1.9 backup conversion into the new Moodle 2.x format.
In short, since Moodle 2.1 there is a new type of core component available called backup converters. Converter is a tool that takes a directory containing some Moodle course data and converts it into another format. At the moment we are working on converter called moodle1 that supports 1.9 => 2.x conversion path. In the future, more converters can be written (eg supporting custom formats, Blackboard, IMS CC etc). Converters can be chained so if there is a converter that supports IMS => 1.9 conversion and another one converting 1.9 => 2.x, Moodle can automatically restore IMS backups. The core of the moodle1 converter is implemented in backup/converter/moodle1/.
The moodle1 converter is under a heavy development at the moment still. The first milestone is to be able to convert all activity modules without user data.
Getting familiar with the required changes of the structure
For the purpose of this tutorial, the Choice module is used as an example as it allows to demonstrate the basic workflow of the conversion. Let us start with performing a backup in both 1.9 and 2.1. Create an empty course with a single simple Choice module instance inside in both 1.9 and 2.1. Choose backup mode without any user data, without roles, files etc and include just the instance of the module you created.
In case of Moodle 1.9, you will end up having once monolithic file moodle.xml. In Moodle 2.1, the module data will be stored in a file like activities/choice_x/choice.xml. The task of the converter you are going to write is to convert data contained in moodle.xml into choice.xml.
Getting the list of XML paths
Looking at moodle.xml in 1.9 backup, you can see that the module data are stored in XML nodes at /MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD and that you are interested only to those MODs having <MODTYPE>choice</MODTYPE>. To make your life easier, the core of the moodle1 converter injects one virtual node into the path so that to our module, it appears as if its data were in /MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE. That is as if all Choice data were wrapped by yet another tag in moodle.xml.
Now look into 1.9 Moodle code and locate the file mod/choice/backuplib.php. Reading its code you can see that the MOD element in moodle.xml (that will be presented as MOD/CHOICE element to our code) contains the following tags holding the corresponding fields from mdl_choice table:
ID $choice->id NAME $choice->name TEXT $choice->text FORMAT $choice->format PUBLISH $choice->publish SHOWRESULTS $choice->showresults DISPLAY $choice->display ALLOWUPDATE $choice->allowupdate SHOWUNANSWERED $choice->showunanswered LIMITANSWERS $choice->limitanswers TIMEOPEN $choice->timeopen TIMECLOSE $choice->timeclose TIMEMODIFIED $choice->timemodified
Below these, the choice options data are dumped into the OPTIONS section, with each option details being wrapped by the OPTION tag:
ID $cho_opt->id TEXT $cho_opt->text MAXANSWERS $cho_opt->maxanswers TIMEMODIFIED $cho_opt->timemodified
The file moodle.xml will be parsed by a progressive parser. That basically means it will be read in a sequential order and each time some interesting path is reached, the data contained by that element are dispatched to a handler (on contrary to DOM like parsers where the whole file would be converted into a huge in-memory tree structure). To catch the choice data in moodle.xml we will have to handle /MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE and /MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE/OPTIONS/OPTION paths
Getting know how data change during 1.9 => 2.x upgrade
Now let us open mod/choice/db/upgrade.php in your Moodle 2.1 code. It contains all the upgrade logic that is happening during the upgrade of 1.9 site to 2.x. Reading the code, we realize that:
- the database field text in the {choice} table is renamed to intro
- the database field format in the {choice} table is renamed to introformat
- a new field completionsubmit is added to the {choice} table with the default value 0
Getting know the structure of choice.xml
Finally look at mod/choice/backup/moodle2/ in your Moodle 2.1, particularly the file backup_choice_stepslib.php. Here you can see how the structure of the choice.xml is defined and what data it contains:
$choice = new backup_nested_element('choice', array('id'), array( 'name', 'intro', 'introformat', 'publish', 'showresults', 'display', 'allowupdate', 'allowunanswered', 'limitanswers', 'timeopen', 'timeclose', 'timemodified', 'completionsubmit'));
The <choice> element has a child element <options> that in turn contains set of <option> elements:
$option = new backup_nested_element('option', array('id'), array( 'text', 'maxanswers', 'timemodified'));
Great! Now we have all the information needed to start with coding.
Do not continue your task unless
- you have read the backuplib.php in 1.9 source of the module and you know how the <MOD> node in moodle.xml is constructed (do not rely on just looking at some example file)
- you have read the db/upgrade.php and you known all steps needed to perform
- you have read backup/moodle2/backup_xxx_stepslib.php and you know how the activity file in 2.0 is constructed (again, do not rely on examples)
Writing the conversion handler
Before we start, please make your own local branch that will track David's https://github.com/mudrd8mz/moodle/tree/backup-convert tree. That is the pre-integration branch where the development of backup conversion is happening and your work will have to be merged there before it gets into the moodle.git master (use Github's pull request feature once you want your work being included there).
To add this branch into your current moodle.git clone, you may want to use something like this:
$ cd ~/public_html/moodle21 $ git remote add mudrd8mz git://github.com/mudrd8mz/moodle.git $ git fetch mudrd8mz $ git checkout --track -b backup-convert mudrd8mz/backup-convert
Alternatively, if you want to create a pristine installation just for this project, you can simply run
$ cd ~/public_html $ git clone git://github.com/mudrd8mz/moodle.git moodle21convert $ cd moodle21convert $ git checkout --track -b backup-convert origin/backup-convert
The backup conversion workflow
To be able to write the module conversion handler, you should understand what's going on in the background. This is a simplified description of the workflow:
- In its constructor, the restore_controller instance detects the format of the data to be restored and if it realizes it is not the standard moodle2 format, it knows the conversion will be needed (grep for backup::STATUS_REQUIRE_CONV)
- The restore_controller::convert() method is called (@todo is it? where? by who?) and it in turn calls convert_helper::to_moodle2_format(). This helper method tries to find the most effective conversion path between the current format and the target moodle2 format as it constructs the chain of converters, though this is not much interesting yet as we have just one converter now ... well not yet even :-p
- For each converter in the chain, convert_factory::get_converter() creates new instance of it and its public convert() method is called.
- The core functionality of moodle1 converter is defined in backup/converter/moodle1/lib.php in the class moodle1_converter and its subclasses. When the class is instantiated, it prepares a progressive parser and a parser processor and it registers all available handlers of the parsed data. The incoming convert() call sets up the directory to write to and runs the instance's execute() method.
- The execute() starts up the parser of the 1.9 moodle.xml. That file is parsed sequentially and whenever it reaches a node to which some handler is attached, it dispatches the parsed data via dispatch_chunk(). The parser also triggers notify_path_start() and notify_path_end() when it is entering some registered path element and when it is leaving it.
- The parser processor re-dispatches the parsed data and events via path_start_reached(), process_chunk() and path_end_reached() methods defined by the moodle1_convert.
- Finally, the parsed data and events are re-dispatched once more and they are handled by moodle1_handler subclasses via their on_xxx_start(), process_xxx() and on_xxx_end() methods. These are the places where the actual conversion of data must happen and the new data are written into the new XML files.
- The moodle1_handler subclasses can use either xml_writer's begin_tag(), full_tag() and end_tag() method to construct the XML file contents. A helper method that dumps a complete tree-ish structure is available: write_xml().
After the end of the parsed moodle.xml file is reached, the working directory with the new XML files is renamed so that it replaces the previous format. If there was a chain of converters, it would be the next one's round now. For us at the moment, the job is done. Once the directory contains valid moodle2 format, normal restore process is executed as if the course backup come from a 2.0 server.
Highlights and places to look at
While working on the converter, always keep in mind:
- The file moodle.xml is parsed sequentially by a progressive parser. If the current node's data are available, the handler must either write them immediately into a new XML file or stash them for processing them later - either by the on_element_end() event handler method or by other instance of the handler that is being executed later.
- Minimise the memory footprint of the conversion job. Do not accumulate the incoming data in memory if it is not necessary. Especially those that may be huge (like all forum posts). Write the data to the new XML file as soon as possible (on-the-fly ideally but that is not always possible).
- Look at various examples of moodle1 handler classes in backup/converter/moodle1/handlerlib.php
The handler library template
The moodle1_converter itself converts just part of the moodle.xml file via handlers defined in handlerlib.php (for example the course sections, course modules etc). To convert module-specific data, moodle1_handlers_factory searches for the handlers in modules' (and generally plugins') directories. The Choice module conversion logic is stored in a library mod/choice/backup/moodle1/lib.php. The basic template for such a file is:
<?php // This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/ // // Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or // (at your option) any later version. // // Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the // GNU General Public License for more details. // // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License // along with Moodle. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. /** * Provides support for the conversion of moodle1 backup to the moodle2 format * * @package mod * @subpackage choice * @copyright 2011 Your Name <your@email> * @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later */ defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die(); /** * Choice conversion handler */ class moodle1_mod_choice_handler extends moodle1_mod_handler { /** * Declare the paths in moodle.xml we are able to convert * * The method returns list of {@link convert_path} instances. For each path returned, * at least one of on_xxx_start(), process_xxx() and on_xxx_end() methods must be * defined. The method process_xxx() is not executed if the associated path element is * empty (i.e. it contains none elements or sub-paths only). * * Note that the path /MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE does not * actually exist in the file. The last element with the module name was * appended by the moodle1_converter class. * * @return array of {@link convert_path} instances */ public function get_paths() { return array( new convert_path('choice', '/MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE'), new convert_path('choice_option', '/MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE/OPTIONS/OPTION'), ); } /** * This is executed every time we have one /MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE * data available */ public function process_choice($data) { } /** * This is executed every time we have one /MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE/OPTIONS/OPTION * data available */ public function process_choice_option($data) { } }
Let us look at this code template closer so that you understand the bits and will be able to use it as a template for your own work.
As you can see, the file defines a single class that extends moodle1_mod_handler. All moodle1 handler classes must define get_paths() public method that returns a list of convert_path instances. In our example, we declare that the handler is interested in those two paths we have identified above. We register them with "aliases" choice and choice_option. The developer can choose any reasonable alias here and provide it as the first parameter of the convert_path constructor.
For each convert_path instance, a corresponding processing method must exist in the class. This method must be named process_xxx() where xxx is the alias declared in the get_paths().
Setting-up the development environment
At this stage of the development, this seems to be the most effective way of testing and debugging your code:
- copy the moodle.xml file with the backup of the 1.9 course you created into $CFG->dirroot/backup/converter/moodle1/simpletest/files/moodle.xml (override the one existing there)
- modify the process_choice() method so that it just dumps the $data:
public function process_choice($data) { print_object($data); // DONOTCOMMIT }
- put the following into your config.php:
$CFG->keeptempdirectoriesonbackup = true;
- execute the unit tests in the path "backup/converter/moodle1", there is one test method that actually runs the conversion of the file you copied
If you are lucky enough, you should see an array dumped for each choice instance defined in moodle.xml file. Also look at $CFG->dataroot/temp/backup/ - there should be several directories created and one of the most recently created is the one that contains the converted backup in the unpacked MBZ format. For each execution of the convert process, a new directory is created. Do not continue unless this works for you.
Data structure transformations
As you can from the print_object() output, the process_choice() method is passed the data contained in the corresponding <MOD>...</MOD> part of the moodle.xml file. We know that we need to rename fields text and format, add a new field completionsubmit and drop the field modtype (that one was already used to expand the XML path so that it looks as if the moodle.xml defined the data inside <MOD><CHOICE>...</CHOICE></MOD>). These transformations are pretty common and the converter can do them on behalf of us.
You can provide so called recipes that will be applied to the element data before they are dispatched to the proces_xxx() methods. These recipes are used to "pre-cook" the raw data from moodle.xml. In fact, one such recipe has been already applied by default - converting the tag names to lower case. Three other types of recipes are supported at the moment: to add new fields, to rename fields and to drop fields. All you need to do is to declare what recipes and in what order should be applied on the parsed data. You can do so by adding the third parameter to the constructor of convert_path instances in get_paths() method:
public function get_paths() { return array( new convert_path( 'choice', '/MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE', array( 'renamefields' => array( 'text' => 'intro', 'format' => 'introformat', ), 'newfields' => array( 'completionsubmit' => 0, ), 'dropfields' => array( 'modtype' ), ) ), new convert_path('choice_option', '/MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE/OPTIONS/OPTION'), ); }
As you can see, the third parameter is an associative array. The keys of the array are the names of the recipes. The renamefields recipe will be applied first and will rename text to intro and format to introformat. The newfields recipe will add a new field completionsubmit with the value set to 0. And finally, the dropfields recipe will delete the field modtype from the data.
In case you would need to know how the data looked like before applying the recipes, your process_xxx() method can get them via its second parameter:
public function process_choice($data, $raw) { print_object($data); // DONOTCOMMIT print_object($raw); // DONOTCOMMIT }
This may be required if, for example, you need to calculate a value of a new field from the value of some field that was dropped by the recipe.
Writing the transformed data into the new XML file
Now we have the choice data transformed and passed to process_choice() method and we can write them into the new XML file in the MBZ format directory. As you know, the module instance data are saved in a file like activities/choice_x/choice.xml where x is the course moduleid of our current instance (note that we do not know this cmid yet). Following the principle "write data as soon as possible", let us go and write them into the file:
/** * This is executed every time we have one /MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE * data available */ public function process_choice($data) { // get the course module id and context id $instanceid = $data['id']; $cminfo = $this->get_cminfo($instanceid); $moduleid = $cminfo['id']; $contextid = $this->converter->get_contextid(CONTEXT_MODULE, $moduleid); // we now have all information needed to start writing into the file $this->open_xml_writer("activities/choice_{$moduleid}/choice.xml"); $this->xmlwriter->begin_tag('activity', array('id' => $instanceid, 'moduleid' => $moduleid, 'modulename' => 'choice', 'contextid' => $contextid)); $this->xmlwriter->begin_tag('choice', array('id' => $instanceid)); unset($data['id']); // we already write it as attribute, do not repeat it as child element foreach ($data as $field => $value) { $this->xmlwriter->full_tag($field, $value); } }
Let us look closely on what's going on here. At the top, we prepare the values needed for attributes of the <activity> tag that is the root element of the file. Our parent class defines a method get_cminfo() that returns a structure containing the needed cmid for our instance. The get_contextid() method is a bit more tricky. In Moodle 1.9 backup files, there is no context information stored at all. But Moodle 2.0 format contains it. So the converter must actually generate fictive context ids for various levels (course, modules, blocks, ...) as if they were stored in moodle.xml.
In the next step, we open a new XML file for writing. Then we use xml_writer's method begin_tag() to dump the first lines of the file. Then, in the foreach loop, we write all cooked data into the opened file. Note that we leave the file open so that other methods in our class can continue adding their own data to it.
The process_xxx() method should return the $data if it modifies them (so they could be used later by on_choice_end() method, if it was needed). But as long as we do not do any other transformation, we do not return anything. In that case, our $this->converter stores just the cooked data for eventual later processing.
On-path-start and on-path-end events
So far we've worked with the method process_choice() that is executed every time we have the attached element's data available. For each registered path, two more methods are supported in our handler. Assuming that 'xxx' is the alias for the path we declared in get_paths(), the methods on_xxx_start() and on_xxx_end() will be executed every time we reach the opening tag and closing tag of that path, respectively.
The on_xxx_start() does not accept any parameters and it is executed when the opening element for the given path is reached by the parser. The on_xxx_end() may accept one array $data that contains the element's data processed previously by the process_xxx() method. Typical usage for these two handlers is to write wrapping tags into the target XML file. Let us demonstrate this case.
Let us register yet another path in the get_paths() method (note the plural - choice_options)
... new convert_path('choice_options', '/MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE/OPTIONS'), ...
Note that the <OPTIONS> itself does not contain any data (leaves in the XML tree), it is just a wrapper for the nested <OPTION> elements. So there is no point of having process_choice_options() method because it would be never executed. However we register this path so that we can declare two event listeners for it:
/** * This is executed when the parser reaches the <OPTIONS> opening element */ public function on_choice_options_start() { $this->xmlwriter->begin_tag('options'); } /** * This is executed when the parser reaches the closing </OPTIONS> element */ public function on_choice_options_end() { $this->xmlwriter->end_tag('options'); }
As you can see, we use the on-start and on-end event listeners here to generate the wrapping <options></options> tag pair. And the next step is just to make sure that the inner <option>...</option> data are written into the file, too.
Writing a complete tree-ish structure into the XML file in one step
As the parser continues parsing the moodle.xml file, our handler's method process_choice_option() is called once there are data for a single <OPTION>...</OPTION> element available (because we registered it as a path we are interested in). In this case, the situation is much much simpler. There are no transformations needed (but converting tags to lower case and it is done automatically). Therefore we we can write the whole array including the closing </option> tag. In such case there is a nice helper method available:
/** * This is executed every time we have one /MOODLE_BACKUP/COURSE/MODULES/MOD/CHOICE/OPTIONS/OPTION * data available */ public function process_choice_option($data) { $this->write_xml('option', $data, array('/option/id')); }
This write_xml() method writes the given $data tree into the <option>...</option> element and $data->id will be written as the option's attribute instead of a child element.
Finishing the job
When all options are written, we need to generate the closing tags, close the file and release our xml writer. For this we can use the on-path-end event listening method again. This one is executed as the parsers reaches the closing </MOD> tag in moodle.xml (or rather think of it as if it reached the closing </CHOICE> tag in that virtual </CHOICE></MOD> path.
/** * This is executed when we reach the closing </MOD> tag of our 'choice' path */ public function on_choice_end() { // close choice.xml $this->xmlwriter->end_tag('choice'); $this->xmlwriter->end_tag('activity'); $this->close_xml_writer(); }
Note that this on_xxx_end() function can take a parameter $data that would contain the data returned previously by process_xxx(). If the processing method does not return anything, just the cooked raw data are available to the on_xxx_end() method.
And we are done! Execute the unit tests in the path backup/converter/moodle1 again and you shall find the choice.xml file converted correctly there. Was easy, heh? :-)
Important notes
- Note that you can't use on_choice_start() event listening method for the root <MOD> element itself. There is a reason for that described in the phpdoc of the dispatching moodle1 methods, if you are interested. Just live with that that the process_choice() in our example is the first executed entry point in your class.
- Note that in our case, there is actually no need to use on_choice_options_start() and on_choice_options_end() methods. We could simply write the opening <options> at the end of process_choice() and then the closing </options> at the top of on_choice_end(). We describe the start/end listeners here to demonstrate the feature mainly. And also, some may find the resulting code cleaner.


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When Caroline first brought up the topic of a "TV Do-Over," I immediately had a show come to mind and I was so excited to be a part of this blog hop so I could share!
If there is anything that can draw me into a television show and make me a loyal viewer, it is the pure drama of two people who obviously belong together facing every obstacle imaginable to keep them apart. My love for Lucas and Peyton on One Tree Hill and dire need for them to be together kept me watching all those seasons. The day they drove away in that Comet I cried, jumped for joy and finally stopped cursing the writers who kept them apart all those years.
Now, fast forward to a few years after the series ended and my newest obsession is "Hart of Dixie." (Spoilers ahead)
When I first started watching, I was rooting for Zoe and George.
BUT… that was BEFORE Wade Kinsella came along. I mean really, look at him
Wade is the bad boy, the guy you're not supposed to bring home to your mama, but deep down his heart is in the right place and man can he rock a white tee and throw you head over heels with that smile of his. There was just something about the way he fought his feelings for Zoe that drew me in. And then when they finally got together, it was all about his gentle, sweet, loving side that kept me there. That was until that awful, awful day that Wade did something he could never take back. And this is where my "TV Do Over" comes in!
I know we see infidelity on shows all the time, but why Wade why!?!? I waited pretty well into the second season for these 2 to finally end up together and before the season finale it was over! Ugh! Of all the things he could've done to break them apart. I would've preferred getting drunk and making a fool of himself in front of Zoe's mom or completely blowing off an important event to play a gig somewhere. But no, he had to cheat on Bluebell's beloved Dr. Hart. Now the couple that I was so badly rooting for is tainted. I mean how do you come back from that? Sigh!
I think I would've had Wade drunk somewhere, Zoe stranded in the middle of nowhere calling him for help and him not turning up until the next morning after George Tucker had to come to her rescue. Then maybe Zoe begins to think twice about whom she's supposed to be with and needs time away from Wade. This leaves the door open to maybe begin a relationship with George and continue that push and pull with Wade.
See, no harm done!
So there you have it! The story line I would do over if I could. This way I can always keep Wade in my good graces and not want to throw things at the TV every time I see him*.
*Side note: There is a whole other season after this where I fall back in love with Wade and he does redeem himself. This scene right here does it for me. But it's still hard sometimes because it's in the back of my mind. Hart of Dixie fans, who do you think of the do over?!?!?
And don't forget, the blog hop continues tomorrow with the lovely Deb Nam Krane! So be sure to head on over and see what her tv do over is!
Thanks everyone for stopping by!


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This post is sponsored by Softsoap.
I've heard people say, "Before I had kids, I was the BEST parent on the planet." It's funny how that works, isn't it? We all have the greatest intentions, and then life gets in the way. When I was pregnant with my first, I bought small-batch homemade lotion from a local boutique and stocked up on cloth diapers. Then kids came along, and we basically just tried to survive. Things got…cluttered. And confusing. I felt like I was drowning under the weight of it all and I just wanted to go back to a life that was simple.
The product decisions that I placed so much emphasis on initially got really tangled up for my husband and I. Our shopping responsibilities were split down the middle after we had kids, but differing priorities led to a strange mish-mash of brands and items crowding our home. Both of us remained minimalist, but with clashing approaches. I continued to invest my energy into sourcing products that had a select few ingredients and that fulfilled my desire to give back to the world (since I no longer had time to devote to making a direct impact in my community). Nate developed an almost isolationist focus on our family and our budget. He picked what was cheapest, easiest, and met our own needs in a way that was very effective, albeit not as thoughtful as I would have liked.
To be fair, Nate always thought my "crunchy" inclinations were a little…touchy-feely. He never signed up for any of that, and I knew going in that it would be my priority, not his. So we started veering into the drive-through more often than I'd like and shopping at the big box stores because I was tired and hello, have you ever tried to take kids into one of those fancy-schmancy shops? I have. It's not fun.
There was always this little voice in the back of my head, though, every time I reached for a product on a crowded shelf. I'd remember the latest article I read about dyes or parabens (the horror!) and I'd hem and haw and anxiously chew on the corner of one of my nails. Inevitably, one of my kids would start crying in the shopping cart and I'd shrug and get on with it because I was SO OVERWHELMED. Then our third son came along and he had some skin sensitivities, so I was forced to look at labels all over again. I special-ordered some of that "touchy-feely" stuff that Nate hated. Stuff that, admittedly, didn't work as well as the main brands in the big box stores. My whole family was frustrated and I was confused.
Progress is being made, though! I see changes being made to ingredient lists every time I go to the store. Softsoap just introduced their new Earth Blends line exclusively at Walmart to help meet the needs of families like our own! It's a paraben-free and dye-free line made from biodegradable cleaning ingredients, and it even helps retain skin's natural moisture. So I can get a trustworthy clean, and Nate can still find the effectiveness he's looking for.
#ColgatePartner RT this tweet for a chance to win a package of Softsoap's new #SoftsoapEarthBlends soap, available at @Walmart, so you can bliss out like me! pic.twitter.com/ahzcR37T7H
— Chelsea and Nate Day (@somedayilllearn) June 3, 2018
They have three product types: body washes, hand soaps and bar soaps. They come in cool scents like Pink Grapefruit & Cucumber, Coconut & Fig and Pomegranate & Plum, each made with less than 10 ingredients including real plant extracts. That's perfect because I've been looking for a way to replace our insanity-inducting mish-mash of product lines that inevitably ended up with Nate buying the wrong thinge. Now, he can just look for the familiar label or I can say, "Buy any of the ones that say Earth Blends." BOOM. Problem solved.
It also looks super cute next to my baby-fingerprint-smeared makeup mirror. Really rounds out the aesthetic here.
All this time and all these kids have taught me one primary lesson, which is that I have to choose what to put my attention towards. Am I the most hippie-ish mom to walk the planet? No. But that's not where I'm trying to earn expert status. Right now, I'm earning all the gold stars in blending everything into something that makes sense for us. I'm multitasking, list-making and prioritizing so that I can put my kids first and be a kick-butt mom. I'm trying to express the occasional "thanks" and shout out products that make my life better.
And once in awhile, when I get really lucky, I get to squeeze in a little me time. I draw a bath and light a candle.
Sometimes, I even manage to get one from that local boutique.
How do you stay conscientious about products you use in your busy life?


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By: Thomas, Angie
Price: $64.95
Publisher: U.S.A., Balzer + Bray: 2017
Edition: 1st Edition /Later Printing
Inscription: Signed by Author
Seller ID: 001328
Condition: New
Signed in person by Angie Thomas directly on the title page (NOT pre-signed on a tipped in page bound in by the publisher.) Not signed to anyone. Photos of Angie Thomas at the book signing event will be included with the signed book. First edition /Later Printing. Hardcover. Book is NEW and UNREAD, opened only for signing. No marks, no inscription. Not a book club edition, not an ex-library. Dust jacket is new, not price-clipped, in a removable, protective clear cover. This is a beautiful book. Makes a great gift. View more info


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- Pete Davidson appears to have a new tattoo dedicated to his fiancée Ariana Grande.
- The large tattoo, seen in new photos that show his ribcage, says "Grande" in cursive.
- Davidson also covered up a text tattoo on his chest that said "Jokes come and go but swag is forever" with new ink of a giant shark.
- Grande and Davidson already have matching tattoos — the number 8418 in honor of Davidson's father — and Davidson also has a tattoo of Grande's initials and bunny ears.
Pete Davidson has new ink dedicated to fiancée Ariana Grande. As spotted during a New York Fashion Week event, the tattoo is located on his ribcage and reads "Grande" in swooping cursive letters.
The new "Grande" tattoo, first spotted by Cosmopolitan, can be seen in photos of Davidson at a fashion week event, where he met up with Justin Bieber and Hailey Baldwin (who are also engaged).
Bieber was the subject of a famous Comedy Central Roast where Pete Davidson participated in some of the harshest barbs of the evening (including Davidson saying he was glad his own father was dead after meeting Bieber's dad).
This is the third tattoo Davidson has commissioned in honor of Grande, who he began dating in May of this year. The first two were of her initials and then signature bunny ears. Grande herself later got a tattoo of the number 8418 in honor in Davidson's late father. Davidson has the same numbers tattooed on his forearm.
They also both have tattoos that signify Grande's favorite phrase, "Honest to God, knock me out."
Davidson, who took off his shirt in the warm weather, showed off the new "Grande" ink. We rotated the image and zoomed in for a closer look:
But that wasn't the only tattoo revelation of the day. Davidson also prominently displayed his new shark tattoo on his chest, which is a cover-up of another piece of permanent ink he had done earlier in the year.
The original tattoo said: "Jokes come and go but swag is forever." As you can see in the latest photos, that message is now covered up with a giant shark and waves. According to a report from Refinery29, Davidson's tattoo artist London Reese posted about the cover-up tattoo on Instagram in a post that now appears to be removed.
"I guess swag isn't forever, Pete," the post reportedly said. "Congrats on getting that shark to cover that bad boy up."
This isn't the first time Davidson has had tattoos covered up. In May of this year, he had a tattoo that was dedicated to his ex-girlfriend Cazzie David concealed with a new design. His artist for that cover-up, Jon Mesa, told Page Six he warned Davidson against getting new ink connected to a girlfriend before he was married.
"After we were done, I told Pete, 'Hey, dude, let's just stop with the girlfriend tats until after [Grande's] you're wife,'" Mesa said. "Because relationships come and go, and Pete is a really young man. [But] I think that went in one ear and out the other."
For a complete look back at Davidson and Grande's relationship and tattoo history, read INSIDER's timeline of their courtship here.
Visit INSIDER's homepage for more.


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Racks » Topeak MTX Beamrack
(covers A, E and V type racks)
For MTB or heavy commuting use. Improved QR mechanism is more secure and easier to use. Compatible with all MTX Trunk Bags, 20 lbs. carrying capacity. Includes two rubber bungees and safety reflector.
Added Features Rubber Bungee
Safety Reflector
RedLite Mount
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Bag Compatibility
MTX Series
Clamp QR fits ø25.4~ø31.8mm (shims Incl.)
Material Aluminum Beam
Max. Weight Capacity 9 kgs / 20 lbs
Size (L x W x H) 54 x 12.7 x 8.1 cm / 21.3" x 5" x 3.2"
Weight 680 g / 1.50 lbs
Please rate this product: (no login required)


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Updated: 4th December, 2019 11:50 PM.
Xxxx Agate Shores Rd Crosby, MN
Real Estate | St. Cloud Times Powered by Placester


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There is nothing scarier than watching a character you love walk along a dark hallway with just a flashlight, all while knowing there is a monster lurking somewhere in the house. Nothing scarier, except controlling that character yourself.
Survival horror video games have been around since the late 80s and early 90s, with games like Atari's Haunted House and Capcom's Alone in the Dark kicking off the genre. These 3-D rendered games with puzzles and ghosts proved to gamers and critics alike that the orchestrated scares of cinema were possible to recreate in an interactive setting.
Since the early days, we have seen many changes in the genre. With improvements in graphics, game engines, and interactivity, puzzles have gotten more difficult, environments more intense, and the scares more frequent.
For those gamers that prefer sneaking and hiding to running and gunning, here are the 14 Scariest Video Games of All Time.
The odd one out of this list, The 11th Hour doesn't feature dimly lit hallways and characters with little-to-no ammunition. Instead Trilobyte's sequel to The 7th Guest includes delightfully macabre puzzles wrapped tightly in a sexy, spooky mystery.
This follow-up, while not as well-received as its groundbreaking predecessor, amped up the scares and included more difficult and engaging problems to solve. Both games were notable for their episodic structure divided into parts by short films with live-action actors. The 11th Hour certainly has its fair share of fear-inducing moments, in part due to the non-interactive video clips. While both the 3-D graphics and low-budget live-action "movies" were groundbreaking at the time, they haven't aged well. However, the core gameplay of puzzle-solving and the gothic plot hold up to this day.
In 2009, an internet forum called "Something Awful" issued a Photoshop contest where users competed to make normal photographs paranormal. A poster named Eric Knudsen came up with the idea of inserting an abnormally tall man in a suit with a white, blank face in the background of several photos. He included writings with his submission, dubbing the creature the Slender Man.
Knudsen's creation went viral, spawning cosplay, fan-art, films, and in 2012, a video game. Titled Slender: The Eight Pages, the game harkens back to older survival-horror works. The player is placed in forest at night with a flashlight and one objective: to collect eight pages while avoiding the Slender Man that follows you. It is a short and simple experience (approx. 10 min) but one that will keep you up all night. Made on a micro-budget by a freeware indie team – it is free to download online – the game nonetheless has some of the best scares in recent memory. The ambiance of the forest, the tread of footsteps on the grass, all contribute to an experience that truly captures the essence of what made Knudsen's Slender Man so horrific in the first place.
Taking the elements of survival-horror a step further, The Forest is a game that leaves the player with absolutely nothing. The survivor of a plane crash in the middle of a forest, the player must build shelters, hunt, and find their son. Unfortunately for the player, their son was kidnapped by a group of mutant cannibals.
While the player is relatively safe during the day from cannibal attacks, the night is full of terror. You can journey deep into the caves where the creatures live, hide at your base in the forest, crafting weapons and camouflage during the day; the method of play is entirely in your hands. The lack of plot or narrative drive is part of what makes The Forest so petrifying. Your only goal is to survive.
Though the game is still in its alpha version on Steam, it runs smoothly and looks phenomenal. The textures and atmosphere of the titular forest combined with the rewarding difficultly make the game endlessly playable. We can't wait until the official release on the PC and PS4 sometime this year.
A fantastical psychological thriller, Eternal Darkness was a different breed of horror game than the typical fare at the time. Developer Silicon Knights created it with the idea of making an experience opposite to the "b-movie" horror games like Resident Evil. They wanted to mess with peoples' heads.
The plot of the game follows multiple protagonists over thousands of years, across locations including Persia, France, and Rhode Island. Eternal Darkness replaces jumps scares with true dread, along with the addition of the Nintendo patented "sanity meter."
Whenever the player is spotted by an enemy or witnesses some supernatural event, their sanity decreases. This depletion effects the environment and the way the player views the world. From constant cries and whispers in the background, to a skewed camera angle, to simulated anomalies of the Gamecube or TV including a "blue screen of death," the game created new ways to terrify the player, and for that reason, it earns a spot on this list.
"I chose the impossible. I chose Rapture," – Andrew Ryan.
Both the city and the man who built it are the primary focus of 2K's BioShock, a genre-defying game. The player controls a man named Jack as he traverses the underwater dystopia of Rapture in an alternate reality 1960. In this world, a genetic modifier called ADAM has corrupted the citizens of the would-be Atlantis and turned them into zombie-like splicers.
BioShock is primarily a first-person-shooter, but it also includes many RPG and survival-horror elements. The player is very often low on supplies and health, and the city of Rapture is full of horrific villains. Fans of the game will remember the deranged Sander Cohen, a musician whose many tests for Jack become increasingly gory. The player also encounters Little Sisters and their Big Daddies: young girls mutated by ADAM, and the hulking monstrosities that protect them. It's a harrowing experience.
BioShock was widely praised upon release for its immersive story and beautiful, yet disturbing setting. Rapture remains one of the most terrifying places in gaming, but one we'd visit again and again.
A pizza restaurant a-la Chuck-E-Cheese seems like a walk in the park in comparison to a haunted mansion or dark forest. But what happens at night, when the animatronic animal characters come to life?
The point-in-click horror game Five Nights at Freddy's answered that question. You play a nighttime security guard at the delightful Freddy Fazbear's Pizza. By viewing the many security cameras, you can track the movements of the creepy animals as they march slowly towards your office, where you sit, unable to move. With limited electrical power, the player must decide when to turn on lights and lock doors to avoid being "forcefully stuffed inside a mechanical suit," i.e. killed.
The game doesn't sound particularly scary, but the design of the animatronics effectively haunts the player, and the gameplay is intense as it is terrifying. For those easily taken-aback by jump scares, or those with a fear of mascot characters, this game is best played with the lights on.
Taking a wholly unique approach to the genre, Fatal Frame sheds traditional weaponry, arming the character only with the Camera Obscura. The series of games sees the player in an environment filled with ghosts, their only means of defense a camera which, by capturing the spirits on film, pacifies them.
The games are credited for helping to revive the survival horror genre in the early 2000s. The original Fatal Frame took a unique premise and a slight alteration of gameplay aspects to deliver a harrowing experience. However, it's the sequel Fatal Frame II: Crimson Butterfly that earns the spot of the scariest among the series. It featured creepy twins, an unsettling environment, and a disturbing ending. The head of developer Naughty Dog (Uncharted, The Last of Us) called the game "the scariest kind of experience in any medium." We agree.
The first and only to truly capitalize on the "cabin in the woods" horror scenario, Until Dawn is a game like no other. It follows the story of eight teenagers who decide to vacation at Blackwood Mountain. Of course, things take a turn for the worse and a psychopathic killer starts to off them systematically.
As the player traverses the fictional Blackwood Mountain, they must help the eight friends survive, making ethical and moral decisions that impact the many possible branching storylines. With a campaign that lasts only nine hours, the game begs for you to play it again and experience something completely different. The gameplay itself is similar to Quantic Dream games like Heavy Rain or Beyond Two Souls, but the environment is far creepier.
There are many excellent scares in Until Dawn, and it is certainly the most cinematic of the entries on this list. Be warned: there are dozens of possible endings, and you might not like the one you get.
Outlast is the most horrifying game about journalistic integrity ever made. Capitalizing on the ever-popular found footage genre of movies, the game is seen through the first-person perspective of a video camera.
The player controls Miles Upshur, an investigative reporter who journeys to a psychiatric hospital after hearing about unethical experiments. When he arrives, he finds that the patients have become incredibly violent and have taken control of the hospital. Using the limited battery night vision, you travel the hospital grounds, looking for evidence as to what happened, and of course, a means to escape.
Outlast, on the surface is a very traditional survival-horror game. The player has no means of attack, and must hide and avoid any inmates they come across. However, the addition of the night vision camera, along with the spectacularly realized setting, help set this game apart.
These aren't your typical zombies.
While the monsters you encounter in Dead Space are technically reanimated corpses, they hardly resemble the ones Romero introduced us to and Call of Duty turned into Nazis. These "necromorphs" are absolutely horrifying, with long spider-like limbs and the ability to run, not just stumble, towards you.
Dead Space follows Isaac Clarke as he investigates a mining ship that sent out a distress signal. Oh, did we mention this is a mining ship in space? Yes, the player must battle these disgusting, near impossible to kill monsters while in zero gravity environments. With only mining tools at your disposable, limited health, and a seemingly endless horde of enemies, Dead Space is heart-pounding from start to finish.
By far the best video game based off of the Alien franchise, Isolation is set 15 years after Ridley Scott's seminal sci-fi film. The player controls Amanda, Ellen Ripley's daughter, who arrives on the Nostromo to find out what happened to her mother.
Unlike the other games on this list, Alien: Isolation only has one antagonist. The player is stalked and hunted by the vicious alien that we remember so fondly. Amanda is armed with several weapons, but nothing to kill the creature; you can only temporarily stun it, giving you enough time to escape.
You can sneak around, hide in lockers and vents, and use both a flashlight and motion tracker to check the whereabouts of the Xenomorph. The graphics and lighting effects on display here are incredible. In fact, developer Creative Assembly made an entirely new engine to accommodate these aspects. For fans of the films, or just plain horror in general, this game is a must-play.
What's scarier than only having a flashlight to protect you? Only having an old-fashioned lantern to protect you.
Amnesia: The Dark Descent arms the player character Daniel with an oil lantern and the occasional tinder box, as he searches for an answers to his past in a Prussian castle. Daniel, as the title suggests, has no knowledge of his past, only a note telling him to kill the Baron Alexander.
Amnesia borrows the excellent sanity effects from Sanity's Requiem, improving upon them greatly. With its physics-based puzzles and haunting sound design, Amnesia brings the nightmare directly to the player. There is hardly time to catch your breath while being stalked by monsters, searching for clues to your past in a castle that seems to have a mind of its own.
Amnesia: The Dark Descent is a joy to play for those that love a great gothic scare.
Known as Bio Hazard in Japan, Resident Evil is the most popular series of horror games on this list. The initial 1996 survival horror game has since spawned five live-action films, several comics and books, and an additional 20+ video game sequels.
The first game follows Chris Redfield and Jill Valentine, two S.T.A.R.S. agents investigating the disappearance of their team members in Raccoon City. They must battle mutants, giant spiders, and more with limited ammo and a tiny health bar. Puzzles throughout the game help to explain the origin of the virus that caused these creatures to appear, and divulge information about the mysterious Umbrella Corporation.
Though subsequent games dropped the puzzle aspects in favor of third-person shooting mechanics and crafting, they still kept the horror elements that made the first entry great. The stand-out here is Resident Evil 4. While it is arguably not the scariest in the franchise, it is often considered one of the best video games of all time. Period. Plus the bosses in the game are absolutely terrifying: Ramon Salazar's final form comes to mind and haunts our nightmares. The lack of ammo, save points, and a NPC that just won't do what you want her to do, Resident Evil 4 is a tense, terrifying, thrill-ride of a game.
When it comes to survival horror games, there is one series that consistently reigns supreme. The first in the franchise of 12 games was released in 1999 to critical acclaim. Most of the games feature an everyman protagonist in the foggy town of Silent Hill, where mysterious phenomena are known to occur.
Unlike Resident Evil, the Silent Hill games feature little to no weaponry, and focus solely on psychological horror scares rather than blockbuster moments. David Lynch and Stephen King are large influences on the plots and scenarios in many of the first entries in the series.
When it comes to picking the best in the series, we had to go with Silent Hill 2. You control James Sunderland, a man who receives a letter from his deceased wife, telling him to meet her in Silent Hill. Things only get creepier from there. James makes his way through the fog, encountering monsters such as Pyramid Head, a creature with, you guessed it, a pyramid head. The twists and turns in the narrative and constant aspirations along with the atmosphere and score make Silent Hill 2 the scariest game ever made.
From the mind of Guillermo del Toro. Just that phrase alone is enough to send shivers down the spines of the easily-scared everywhere. The P.T. is short for Playable Teaser, and P.T. is just that: a teaser. The game lasts a total of 30 minutes, and was meant to introduce players to the world of the next Silent Hill video game.
Unfortunately for fans of del Toro, Norman Reedus and P.T., that game was never made. Furthermore, P.T. is now no longer available for download, so you'll have to settle for watching someone do a "Let's Play" of it.
The game follows a player that walks through a series of halls in a suburban house in a continuous loop, over and over again, with things changing slightly with each progression. The time on the clock always reads "23:59." The player sees blood seeping from the walls, cockroaches scattering every which way, and several other apparitions which still give us nightmares. If a certain amount of clues regarding the backstory of the character are not discovered, they are treated to a jump scare that is pee-your-pants level scary.
Though the game is very short, it features so many memorable scares in its short playtime that it earns an Honorable Mention on this list. If only we had gotten the Silent Hill game we were promised. We will just have to deal with …
What other spooky games should be on this list? Did we miss anything? Let us know!