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If you have ever experienced acid reflux, you know it's no fun. The burning pain and indigestion that comes from acid in your stomach and moves up your esophagus are absolutely the worst. You can't get comfortable, it can be hard to sleep, and you may find you are constantly popping antacids.
After changing to an Ayurvedic anti-inflammatory lifestyle, all digestion problems have seemingly disappeared, and I want that for you too. So, let me tell you a little bit about Ayurveda.
It matches lifestyle, diet, and herbs and can help with skin, digestion, stress and fertility. With Ayurveda, it is said that acid reflux is a result of aggravation of pitta Dosha. Pitta is heat energy, but it is mainly located in the stomach. Heat producing foods then aggravate the stomach, increasing acid production.
For acid reflux, using the principles of Ayurveda, there are certain herbs that are known to aid digestion.
These include;
In small doses ginger can help alleviate acid reflux and other indigestion. It helps reduce acid moving up the esophagus and can help reduce inflammation.
Fennel seeds contain high does of flavonoid anti-oxidants. And for stomach issues, they are rich in fiber and improve stomach function.
Aloe Vera improves blood circulation in the blood vessels. This allows for proper digestion and optimal functioning of the digestive tract.
Coriander is in the same family as fennel seeds. The aromatic oil in coriander is a digestive aid and contains linalool and other terpenoids.
Turmeric has been used for centuries. Tt is believed the active component curcumin may be the reason for it's anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-oxidative properties.
You wouldn't think of lime because it is an acid. But when you mix lime with water, it becomes alkaline which helps to neutralize stomach acids and help with digestion.
Is a sap derived from a root of the perennial herb Ferula. Along with Turmeric, it has fantastic digestive properties and is widely used in India for digestion and gas.
The caraway plant has many plant chemicals such as carvone and limonene, and the seeds have the ability to stimulate healthy stomach action and reduce or prevent gas.
Garlic is a fantastic herb to use for acid reflux because it causes the growth and builds up the healthy bacteria in the stomach that destroy Helicobacter pylori, a microorganism that causes inflammation of the stomach lining which can lead to reflux.
Black pepper has been used to treat many problems besides digestion though it does help with that as well. It can also improve weight loss, relieve some cold symptoms, boost metabolism and help with skin problems.
Masala chai generally has cardamom and ginger which as both great digestive aids.
Along with these herbs and seeds, there are other things you should definitely not do when you are prone to acid reflux if you are living an Ayurvedic lifestyle.
Skipping meals, especially breakfast is not advised, if you skip meals by the time lunch time comes around the stomach acids. This governs the emotional heart and affects your overall wellbeing. Ayurveda believes that once agni (the digestive fire) starts increasing and also stomach acid, it is not great to have an empty stomach.
You may also feel irritable, angry, impatient and may overeat.
Avoiding high stress situations is also important as stress can increase acid reflux symptoms. And, is a common trigger for many people. Your gut is sometimes referred to as your second brain, and during high stress situations, drop-in hormone levels can affect the protection of the lining of the esophagus.
If you are prone to acid reflux, there are also certain foods in Ayurveda that you should most definitely avoid. Anything that is highly spiced, oily, fried, carbonated, preservative laden foods, dairy, caffeine, and tobacco.
The best things to eat are cooling foods like coconut, which you can drink and use in food preparation for foods such as vegetables, rice dishes or chutneys. Baked fennel seeds as mentioned above can be eaten, and if you eat a ¼ teaspoon of baked fennel seeds three times a day between meals, it can help significantly with digestion issues.
You can also drink pomegranate juice, organic rose water, mint lassi and green leafy vegetables, grains, watermelon, honeydew, lettuce, mangos are great choices.
Furthermore, Thank you so much for visiting! I hope you have found some valuable information, if so, I'd love to hear about it!
Please feel free to share this post with anyone who might benefit, and comments are always welcome!
I look forward to connecting with you next time!
And be sure to check out why you should order your family's next meal courtesy of Ki's Kitchen
From our kitchen to yours,
Love + Peace


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Caudalie Favorites Set
Caudalie Favorites Set
Product Description
✔ Normal
✔ Oily
✔ Combination
✔ Sensitive
What it is:
A set of travel-size essentials for a gorgeous glow.
Solutions for:
- Pores
- Dullness and uneven texture
- Dryness
If you want to know more…
All you need for a complete beauty routine from start to finish. The three-in-one, soap-free Micellar Cleansing Water removes makeup, cleanses, and hydrates skinwith no water needed. The Instant Detox Mask draws out accumulated toxins from clogged pores. In as little as 10 minutes, pores appear tighter for a revitalized complexion. The invigorating Beauty Elixir is ideal to use before applying makeup as a priming base, between layers of makeup as a setting spray, or to seal makeup for a long-lasting and smooth finish. Hydrate skin with Vinosource Moisturizing Sorbet, and soothe the delicate eye area with the antiaging treatment, Premier Cru The Eye.
This set contains:
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In a clinical test conducted under dermatological control over 21 days with 21 volunteers:
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Suggested Usage:
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Miscellar Cleansing Water:
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Instant Detox Mask:
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|Via: Simpel&Leuk
|Via: Etsy
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|Via: Lisanne van de Klift
|Via: VT wonen
|¡Muy Bien! Dutch Design Week 2012
|Via: 101 Woonideeën
|Via: Sukha Amsterdam
|Via: Dishfunctional Designs
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|Via: El hada de papel
Fair trade, goede doelen en vrijwilligerswerk worden steeds belangrijker.
|Pink Ribbon 2012 via: VTwonen
|Fair + Fair via: Moderne Hippies
Last October and November, I gave myself a present and followed the Trendwatching course at Second Sight. It was so nice and inspiring! During 8 weeks, I heard and saw a lot about new developments in work, food, fashion, advertising, technique and -of course-: Homestyling!
Therefore a sneak peek into the future, to trends which might be important in 2013...
I think the Maya's are right and a new period full of exciting challenges is dawning.
(of course at the end of this year I will look back to see which trends seemed to be so 2013!)


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Attention all passengers! Welcome aboard Delta Flight 6465 with service from Spokane to Atlanta.
You are about to embark on an epic excursion that will defy the laws of time and space. You will defy gravity, you will move ahead three hours in time, and you will travel at speeds not known to past mankind.
In the event of an emergency, your seat cushions can be used for flotation and you may pull oxygen masks from the ceiling. Save yourself before trying to save others, because it won't help your neighbor to cling to a dead body. Also, fasten your seat belt while in flight- just in case something crazy happens. Breaking the law is dangerous business, and it's no different with the law is gravity.
Now that we've got that out of the way, I will point out some features of the plane. As you can see, this craft is designed specially for people who are under 5'7 and 110lbs. If you exceed this size, we will not turn you away, but we also will not apologize. You have to realize, it would cost us too much money to make the plane large enough to suit all sizes and body types. For those of you who are within the target size range, your tray table may be used as a footrest. Additionally, your chair will facilitate a wide array of bodily positions, included but not limited to criss-cross-applesauce, feet perched on the edge like a bird, and if you are lucky enough to not have a seat mate, half-laying down sideways, and potentially even various yoga style poses. Enjoy!
As for those of you who are above our target size range, we hope that the constrained space will give you a sense of warmth and security. Please, resist the urge to stretch. You will only bring harm yourself.
Again, this is Delta Flight 6465. We hope you have safe travels!


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There may come a time in your life wherein you will need to have a car sent out or sent over to you. For instance, if you are relocating because you finally got your dream job somewhere else, you may want to take all your belongings with you including your beloved car. If it is just from one city to another where roads meet then that will not be much of a problem especially if you do not mind a long drive. However, if the situation calls for the vehicle to be sent out or sent over from a much farther place, a place which requires travelling by air or land, then you may need to get services from a car shipping company. Since we are talking about not just a luggage but your entire vehicle, you have to make sure that you know all the details about the shipping and the company that you will hire.
It Takes Time
First, you have to understand that you cannot rush to have your car shipped. It is not like sending a document wherein you can get in a day or a couple of days after. Usually, it will take weeks or even months depending on the location of the car and where it will be shipped. So, if you need a car immediately, you may want to look at other options like renting one or joining a car pool. Or better yet, know the ins and outs and familiarize yourself with the public transportation system where you are going. In this case, you will need patience until your car arrives.
Since your car will be with the shipping company for quite a while, it is important to get the best one that works around your budget. There are a number of vehicle shipping companies and majority, if not all of them, may have good advertisements so picking out the good ones can be quite challenging. What you can do is conduct your own research. You can start by getting relevant information from online sources as there are usually a lot of past customers who post their reviews and their experiences on shipping companies. There will be both positive and negative reviews so it will be more helpful if you read a lot of different websites and not just a few ones. It can be confusing and it may take some time but it is always better to be informed.
Shop for the Best Deal
Also, do not hesitate to get in touch with some companies and ask for quotations on pricing. It can help you make a comparison of the prices of your shortlisted companies and you can also prepare the cost once you have already picked a shipping company for your car. Another important thing to discuss with companies is the insurance coverage and their liability in case something happens to your car. It is also advisable to take some photos before the shipment and inspect your car for any marks or damages that were there before shipping and inspect once more once the car arrives.


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Ghastlord of Fugue
Sell This Product
NM-Mint, English, Buy qty 4
Extra Info
- Color: Multi-Color
- Card Text: Ghastlord of Fugue is unblockable. Whenever Ghastlord of Fugue deals combat damage to a player, that player reveals his or her hand. Choose a card from it. That player removes that card from the game.
- Rarity: R
- Cost: (U/B)(U/B)(U/B)(U/B)(U/B)
- Pow/Tgh: 4/4
- Card Type: Creature - Spirit Avatar
- Name: Ghastlord of Fugue
- Finish: Regular
- Set Name: Shadowmoor


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Today's Featured Artist: Michael Godard
Instaprints has expanded to 14 fulfillment centers in 5 countries!
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Live from New York... it's Anne Geddes! Watch Anne create one of her iconic holiday images live from her studio in NYC at 10:00 AM EST today.
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Wrap your gifts with a reusable holiday tote bag! Need your order in time for Christmas? Check out our Holiday Shipping Deadlines.
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Our weekender tote bags are chic and perfect for a day out on the town, a staycation, or a weekend getaway. The tote is crafted with soft, spun poly-poplin fabric and features double-stitched seams for added durability. The 1" thick cotton handles are perfect for carrying the bag by hand or over your shoulder. This is a must-have for the summer.
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This was part of a birthday gift for one of my beautiful, independant Nieces, I immediately thought of her. I shipped it out to her, it is perfect for her beach lifestyle and she loved it :-) I cannot be happier. the simplicity of the bag and the power of the words is what got me. Thanks for this nice gift option.
A picture of Twin Sisters Peaks during the fall, located in Estes Park, Colorado.
Our return policy is very simple:
If you're not happy with a purchase that you made on Instaprints.com, for any reason, you can return it to us within 30 days of the order date. As soon as it arrives, we'll issue a full refund for the entire purchase price. Please note - Instaprints does not reimburse the outgoing or return shipping charges unless the return is due to a defect in quality.
Instaprints sells thousands of pieces of artwork each month - all with a 100% money-back guarantee. We take great pride in the fact that hundreds of thousands of artists have chosen Instaprints to fulfill their orders, and we look forward to helping you select your next piece!
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All weekender tote bags ship from our production facility within 2 - 3 business days of your order.


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Image above from (Left) Palm Beach County Sheriff's Office, (right) AP
Eldrick Tont "Tiger" Woods was arrested Monday am for suspected DUI. Alcohol was not involved, but the 41 year old pro golfer was allegedly "asleep" at the wheel when he was found by law enforcement near his home in Jupiter, Florida.
He was allegedly taking four medications: Soloxer, Vicodin, Torix and Vioxx. These medications appear to be a muscle relaxant (may be a medication similar to Skelaxin), opiate, and two types of non steroidal antiinflammatories.
Monday evening he released the following statement, "I want the public to know that alcohol was not involved. What happened was an unexpected reaction to prescribed medications. I didn't realize the mix of medications had affected me so strongly.
"I would like to apologize with all my heart to my family, friends and the fans. I expect more from myself too. I will do everything in my power to ensure this never happens again.
"I fully cooperated with law enforcement, and I would like to personally thank the representatives of the Jupiter Police Department and the Palm Beach County Sheriff's office for their professionalism."
He had recently recovered from spinal fusion surgery on April 20 after he underwent multiple microdiscetomies for various back injuries throughout his career. Pain medications, such as opioids, can impair a driver, as well as a mixture of medications that may include muscle relaxants and anti-anxiety medications. Any of the above could make one appear he is driving drunk.
In response to fans asking if he would play soon, on his website Woods wrote, "I can't twist for another two and a half to three months. Right now, my sole focus is rehab and doing what the doctors tell me. I am concentrating on short-term goals."
In addition to being plagued with injuries, including an right knee ACL tear in 2008, his personal life left him bruised as well.
Thanksgiving Day, 2009, Tiger Woods crashed his Escalade outside his Florida home when his then wife, model Elin Nordegren , hurled a golf club at the car after learning of her husband's extra marital affairs.
At the time Tiger Woods admitted to having a "sex addiction" and admitted himself into rehab. In an interview in 2010, Woods said, "For 45 days from the end of December to early February, I was in inpatient therapy receiving guidance for the issues I'm facing. I have a long way to go. But I've taken my first steps in the right direction." He stated he had "repeated irresponsible behavior" and said, "I was unfaithful. I had affairs. I cheated."
More details have yet to be revealed regarding Monday's DUI arrest, but the New York Post reported he was driving his 2015 Mercedes-Benz "erratically, all over the road" before stopped by law enforcement.
Unfortunately, "sex addiction" and alcohol use, or impulse behaviors go hand in hand.
What is Impulse Control Disorder?
Impulse Control Disorder occurs when one hurts themselves or others by not resisting their temptations. These temptations could include sexual escapades, drinking binges, eating disorders, excessive gambling, stealing (kleptomania), setting fires (pyromania), and addictions to drugs.
A feeling of guilt comes after one acts on his/her impulse and will be seen especially after an intermittent explosive disorder which involves rage and anger.
Many who suffer from impulse control disorder suffer from mood disorders, substance abuse and/or addictions.
Treatment includes behavioral therapy, treating the underlying addiction, and at times, medications.


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Young Girl Holding a Doll by Fritz Zuber Buhler
Beloved, have you grown up with dreams of being a wife and mother someday? Has this vision become so heavy on your mind that it has caused you to become disillusioned and discontented with your life right now?
Jasmine Baucham Holmes puts it beautifully,
"Don't spend your discontent moments daydreaming about married life. It happens to all of us. We become discontent and harried and look out over that pile of dirty dishes and sigh about the day when you'll be able to be supper on the table for the man of your dreams- when there's a guy in your life who needs you, not just to change his diaper or feed him his applesauce.
"But…sowing habits of discontentment has two negative results. First, it takes our sights off of the here and now, and sucks the industry and joy out of today's service. Second, it becomes a part of our character and demeanor that is sure to hinder us later in life.
"Remember, this is not the only "waiting" season you will ever have to endure should the Lord bless us with husbands some day, we may wait for job transfers, moving opportunities, a biblically functioning church, the blessing of children…in every season of waiting, our response should be to rely on Christ as the true source of our joy."
So what is the good of worrying about the future? It will not make you strong; it will weaken your courage in the Lord and from doing God's will. It can never be an escape out of your perplexing life. Worry will spoil what could otherwise be beautiful and useful right now. Don't let the evil one steal your vitality and joy!
"I will lift up my eyes to the hills—
From whence comes my help?
My help comes from the Lord,
Who made heaven and earth."
~Psalms 121: 1-2
I pray you will seeking God's will, nothing more, nothing less. Put away fear. Confidently trust Him and rely on Him for your needs and your happiness. He knows your dreams – every desire and wish – in the same way He know everything about you! Won't you trust Him? Will you not put your full and devoted confidence in Him?
Stormie Omartian writes in her book, The Power of a Praying Woman,
"The more you get to know the Lord and understand who He is, the more you will reverence Him and fear His displeasure. This is called the fear of the Lord, and it makes you want to obey Him. It's what draws you closer to God and increases your longing for more of Him. It makes you forget all the things that cause you fear, because they pale in comparison to His awesome power. When you have the fear of the Lord, you fear what your life would be like without Him."
One thought. Are you praying for your future husband whoever he may be? Has he been in your prayers or just your dreams? Beloved, ask whether you should make a commitment to pray and pray earnestly. He needs your prayers. Pray for his day, pray for his relationship with the Lord, pray for his family, and pray for him to have strength and integrity. You don't know what he is doing today, but keep him in your prayers!
I don't mean for you to think about love and dream about the day you can be carried away on a white horse. I simply mean to pray for him – not dreams of you together – just him. You never know what God can accomplish through another person because of your faithful prayers.
"She does him good and not evil
All the days of her life."
~Proverb 31: 12 [emphasis mine]
Besides that, use the energy it takes for discontentment and faithfully pray for your father, mother, siblings and others in your life and in your church. Use this time to be set aside for God and His higher purposes. It is your reasonable sacrifice (Rom. 12:1, Phil. 2: 14-16).
Ever tempted to take off your purity ring? Read I Don't Wait Anymore.
I LOVE this quote:
"If you're single, and you want to know who to marry, run as hard and as fast toward Jesus as you can and if, out of the corner of your eye, you see somebody running in the same direction, take a second look."
~Pastor Tommy Nelson
Beloved, I am praying for you.
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Thanks for reading!


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Riptide Drown River Lions To Begin Road Trip
ST. CATHARINES, ON – The Saint John Riptide kicked off a five-game, 13 day road trip through the province of Ontario to visit all five central division teams. First on the docket was the Niagara River Lions on Sunday afternoon as former River Lion Chris Commons and Canadian Alex Campbell made their Riptide debuts.
As these two squads met for just the second time this season, the game started off as a tightly contested affair with both sides eclipsing the 2o-point mark in the first 12 minutes of the game. It was the visitors gaining the upper hand after one quarter leading 26-21.
The second quarter played out in a similar fashion but the Riptide did their best to expand their lead before the halftime break. Gabe Freeman paced the offence while Horace Wormley dished out dime after dime and the Riptide widened the gap to 13 points, 61-48 at the half.
In the third quarter the River Lions managed to outscore the Riptide, something they hadn't done all night. Kirk Williams Jr. lead the way as the home side tried to rally in front of their fans. Despite their best efforts, they were only able to trim their deficit by two points with Saint John maintaining an 11-point edge at the end of the third frame. Niagara started to push back in the fourth but the Riptide weren't having any of it. A late alley-oop dunk by Gabe Freeman was the dagger as the Riptide sealed the deal on a 117-106 road win.
Freeman was the high man for the Riptide scoring 28 points and pulling down seven rebounds. Horace Wormely continued to prove why size does not matter finishing with 17 points, seven rebounds, and nine assists. Olu Famutimi also had 14 points while Anthony Stover, Brian Addison, and Darin Mency all contributed 12 apiece. Williams Jr lead the River Lions with 31 points.
Next up the Riptide travel to Mono, Ontario to take on the Orangeville A's on Wednesday, April 5th. Tip-off is 7pm at the Athlete Institute.
1 Comment
It was awesome to be in attendance at this game to cheer on the Riptide. We came from London to see our guy Gabe and Anthony LA Stover. Love these guys.


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Let's Talk About Your Real Estate Needs
Extraordinary beauty graces this Mediterranean masterpiece nestled on 2.48ac of breathtaking views. Solid Cantera double doored entry opens into this stunning home where striking floor to ceiling windows provide a panoramic view of the entertaining patio, infinity edge pool & spa, outdoor fire place and stunning views of the lake and valley. Kitchen offers a chefs dream with Viking appliances, prep island with sink and commercial grade Viking double oven range. All downstairs bedrm have private full baths. Enjoy a game room, media and exercise room. Outside enjoy a full indoor kitchen, full bath and outdoor slate bar area with Fire Magic grills. For the golfer, your own putting green. Own a piece of paradise.


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LaCie, the premium brand of Seagate technology, designs world-class storage solutions for photographers, videographers, audio professionals, and other power users. With leading technology, performance, quality, and customer support, LaCie helps you realize your creative vision. We differentiate ourselves with a focus on design, unmatched technical performance, and long-term reliability. All LaCie professional desktop solutions feature durable aluminum enclosures, high-quality hard drives or SSDs, and components that are built to last.
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Hi all,
Consider I already have a 50mm f/1.4 and 17-55mm f/2.8...would it make more sense to get the 100mm rather than the 60mm? I understand I can't take macros with the other 2, but I feel like if I get a 60mm I'll have 3 lenses do the 50-60mm range...a little too much there?
THANKS for all the suggestions!


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Zodiac is a 2007 American mystery-thriller film directed by David Fincher and based on Robert Graysmith's non-fiction book of the same name. The Paramount Pictures and Warner Bros. joint production stars Jake Gyllenhaal, Mark Ruffalo, and Robert Downey, Jr., with Anthony Edwards, Brian Cox, Elias Koteas, Donal Logue, John Carroll Lynch, Chloë Sevigny and Dermot Mulroney in supporting roles.
Zodiac tells the story of the manhunt for a notorious serial killer who called himself the "Zodiac" and killed in and around the San Francisco Bay Area during the late 1960s and early 1970s, leaving several victims in his wake and taunting police with letters, blood stained clothing, and ciphers mailed to newspapers. The cases remain one of Northern California's most infamous unsolved crimes.
Fincher, screenwriter James Vanderbilt, and producer Brad Fischer spent 18 months conducting their own investigation and research into the Zodiac murders. Fincher employed the digital Thomson Viper Filmstream camera to photograph the film. However, Zodiac was not shot entirely digitally; traditional high-speed film cameras were used for slow-motion murder sequences.
Reviews for the film were very positive, lauded mostly for its writing, directing, acting and accuracy. The film grossed over $84 million worldwide against a production budget of $65 million.
On July 4, 1969, an unknown male attacks Darlene Ferrin and Mike Mageau with a handgun, at a lovers' lane in Vallejo, California. Mageau survives; Ferrin dies.
One month later, the San Francisco Chronicle receives encrypted letters written by the killer calling himself the "Zodiac" and taunting the police. Political cartoonist Robert Graysmith is not taken seriously by crime reporter Paul Avery or the editors and is excluded from the initial details about the killings despite his interest in the case. When the newspaper publishes the letters, a married couple is able to decipher one. At a local bar, Avery initially makes fun of Graysmith before they discuss the coded letters. Graysmith interprets the letter, which Avery finds helpful, and Avery begins sharing information. The Zodiac killer attacks law student Bryan Hartnell and Cecelia Shepard at Lake Berryessa in Napa County on September 27, 1969. Shepard dies two days later, and Hartnell survives.
Two weeks later, San Francisco taxicab driver Paul Stine is shot and killed in the city's Presidio Heights district immediately after dropping the killer off. The Zodiac killer mails pieces of Stine's blood stained shirt to the Chronicle, along with a taunting letter. San Francisco police detectives Dave Toschi and his partner Bill Armstrong are assigned to the Stine case, and work closely with Vallejo's Jack Mulanax and Detective Ken Narlow in Napa. The killer, or someone posing as him, continues to toy with authorities by sending more letters and speaks on the phone with lawyer Melvin Belli when he makes an appearance on a television talk show. Avery and Graysmith form an alliance, delving deeper into the case as time permits.
In 1971, Detectives Toschi, Armstrong, and Mulanax question Arthur Leigh Allen, a suspect in the Vallejo case. Allen behaves suspiciously during the interview. They ask to see his watch and notice that he wears a Zodiac brand wristwatch which has the same logo used by the killer. However, a handwriting expert insists that Allen did not write the Zodiac letters, even though Allen is said to be ambidextrous. Avery receives a letter threatening his life; becoming increasingly paranoid, he turns to drugs and alcohol. At one point, he shares information with the Riverside Police Department, angering both Toschi and Armstrong. The case's notoriety weighs on Toschi, who is bothered when Graysmith shows up at the theater where Toschi is watching a Hollywood film, Dirty Harry, loosely based on the Zodiac case, with his wife.
In 1978, Avery leaves the Chronicle, and moves to the circumstantial evidence seems to indicate his guilt, the physical evidence, such as fingerprints and handwriting samples, do not implicate him.
In December 1983, Graysmith tracks Allen down to a Vallejo Ace Hardware store, where he is employed as a sales clerk. The men have a brief encounter before Graysmith leaves. Eight years later, victim Mike Mageau meets with authorities and identifies Allen from a police mugshot. As the authorities walk by an airport book store, copies of Graysmith's book Zodiac are shown. Final title cards inform the audience that Allen died in 1992 before he could be questioned further. A DNA test performed in 2002 on an archived autopsy sample did not match a partial DNA sample gathered from the postage stamp on one of the Zodiac letters, but this does not rule him out as a suspect.
James Vanderbilt had read Robert Graysmith's book Zodiac in 1986 while in high school. Years later, after becoming a screenwriter, he got the opportunity to meet Graysmith, and became fascinated by the folklore surrounding the Zodiac Killer. He then decided to try to translate the story into a script.[2] Vanderbilt had endured bad experiences in the past, in which the endings of his scripts had been changed, and wanted to have more control over the material this time.[2] He pitched his adaptation of Zodiac to Mike Medavoy and Bradley J. Fischer from Phoenix Pictures, by agreeing to write a spec script if he could have more creative control over it.[2]
Graysmith first met Fischer and Vanderbilt at the premiere of Paul Schrader's film, Auto Focus, which was based on Graysmith's 1991 book about the life and death of actor Bob Crane.[3] A deal was made and they optioned the rights to Zodiac and Zodiac Unmasked when they became available after languishing at another studio for nearly a decade.[4] David Fincher was their first choice to direct based on his work on Seven. Originally, he was going to direct an adaptation of James Ellroy's novel, The Black Dahlia (later filmed by Brian De Palma), and envisioned a five-hour, $80 million mini-series with film stars.[5] When that fell through, Fincher left that project and moved on to Zodiac.[5]
Fincher was drawn to this story because he spent much of his childhood in San Anselmo in Marin County during the initial Zodiac murders. "I remember coming home and saying the highway patrol had been following our school buses for a couple weeks now. And my dad, who worked from home, and who was very dry, not one to soft-pedal things, turned slowly in his chair and said: 'Oh yeah. There's a serial killer who has killed four or five people, who calls himself Zodiac, who's threatened to take a high-powered rifle and shoot out the tires of a school bus, and then shoot the children as they come off the bus.'"[6] For Fincher as a young boy, the killer "was the ultimate boogeyman".[6] The director was also drawn to the unresolved ending of Vanderbilt's screenplay because it felt true to real life, as cases are not always solved.[7]
Fincher realized that his job was to dispel the mythic stature the case had taken on over the years by clearly defining what was fact and what was fiction.[4] He told Vanderbilt that he wanted the screenplay re-written but with additional research done from the original police reports. Fincher found that there was a lot of speculation and hearsay and wanted to interview people directly involved in the case in person to see if he believed what they were telling him. Fincher did this because he felt a burden of responsibility in making a film that convicted someone posthumously.[4]
Fincher, Fischer and Vanderbilt spent months interviewing witnesses, family members of suspects, retired and current investigators, the only two surviving victims, and the mayors of San Francisco and Vallejo. Fincher said, "Even when we did our own interviews, we would talk to two people. One would confirm some aspects of it and another would deny it. Plus, so much time had passed, memories are affected and the different telling of the stories would change perception. So when there was any doubt we always went with the police reports".[4] During the course of their research, Fincher and Fischer hired Gerald McMenamin, an internationally known forensic linguistics expert and professor of linguistics at California State University Fresno, to analyze the Zodiac's letters. Unlike document examiners in the 1970s, he focused on the language of the Zodiac and how he formed his sentences in terms of word structure and spelling.[6]
Fincher and Fischer approached Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer to finance the film but talks with them fell through because the studio wanted the running time fixed at two hours and fifteen minutes. They then approached other studios, and Warner Bros. and Paramount Pictures agreed to share the production costs and were willing to be more flexible about the running time. The film was a tough sell to the studios and the executives were concerned about the heavy amount of dialogue and the lack of action scenes, as well as the inconclusive nature of the story arc.[8]
When Dave Toschi met Fincher, Fischer and Vanderbilt, the director told him that he was not going to make another Dirty Harry (which had been loosely based on the Zodiac case). Toschi was impressed with their knowledge of the case and afterwards, he realized that he had learned a lot from them.[4] In addition, the Zodiac's two surviving victims, Mike Mageau and Bryan Hartnell were consultants on the film.
Alan J. Pakula's film All the President's Men was the template for Zodiac as Fincher felt that it was also "the story of a reporter determined to get the story at any cost and one who was new to being an investigative reporter. It was all about his obsession to know the truth".[4] And like in that film, he did not want to spend time telling the back story of any of the characters, focusing, instead, on what they did in regards to the case."[9]
Vanderbilt was drawn to the notion that Graysmith went from a cartoonist to one of the most significant investigators of the case. He pitched the story as: "What if Garry Trudeau woke up one morning and tried to solve the Son of Sam"?[4] As he worked on the script, he became friends with Graysmith. The filmmakers were able to get the cooperation of the Vallejo Police Department (one of the key investigators at the time) because they hoped that the film would inspire someone to come forward with a crucial bit of information that might help solve this decades-old cold case.[4]
While researching the film, Fincher considered Jake Gyllenhaal to play Robert Graysmith. According to the director, "I really liked him in Donnie Darko and I thought, 'He's an interesting double-sided coin. He can do that naive thing but he can also do possessed.'"[10] In preparation for his role Gyllenhaal met Graysmith, and videotaped him to study his mannerisms and behavior.[4]
Initially, Mark Ruffalo was not interested in the project but Fincher wanted him to play David Toschi. He met with the actor and told him that he was rewriting the screenplay. "I loved what he was saying and loved where he was going with it", the actor remembers.[11] For research, he read every report on the case and read all the books on the subject. Ruffalo met Toschi and found out that he had "perfect recall of the details and what happened when, where, who was there, what he was wearing. He always knew what he was wearing. I think it is seared into who he is and it was a big deal for him."[11]
When casting the role of Inspector William Armstrong, Fincher said he thought of Anthony Edwards because "I knew I needed the most decent person I could find, because he would be the balance of the movie. In a weird way, this movie wouldn't exist without Bill Armstrong. Everything we know about the Zodiac case, we know because of his notes. So in casting the part, I wanted to get someone who is totally reliable."[9]
Originally, Gary Oldman was to play Melvin Belli but "he went to a lot of trouble, they had appliances, but just physically it wasn't going to work, he just didn't have the girth", Graysmith remembers.[12] Brian Cox was cast instead.
The finished film has an unusually large cast of characters. In a May 15, 2007, film review, Variety noted, "Performances and casting are impeccable down to the smallest role."
Fincher decided to use the digital Thomson Viper Filmstream camera to shoot the film. Fincher had previously used the Thomson Viper over the past three years on commercials for Nike, Hewlett Packard, Heineken and Lexus which allowed him to get used to and experiment with the equipment. He was able to use inexpensive desktop software like Final Cut Pro to edit Zodiac. Fincher remarked in an interview, "Dailies almost always end up being disappointing, like the veil is pierced and you look at it for the first time and think, 'Oh my god, this is what I really have to work with.' But when you can see what you have as it's gathered, it can be a much less neurotic process."[13]
Zodiac was the first production to employ the Filmstream camera in its native Filmstream mode, which records an uncompressed video stream, allowing for exceptional quality.
Contrary to popular belief, Zodiac was not shot entirely digitally; traditional high-speed film cameras were used for slow-motion murder sequences.[14] Michael Mann's Miami Vice, as well as his previous effort, Collateral (a co-production of Paramount and its current sister studio DreamWorks, and which also starred Mark Ruffalo), were also shot with the camera but mixed in other formats.[15] Once shot on the Viper camera, the files were converted to DVCPro HD 1080i and edited in Final Cut Pro. This was for editorial decisions only. During the later stages of editing the original uncompressed 1080p 4:4:4 RAW digital source footage was assembled automatically to maintain an up-to-date digital "negative" of the film. Other digital productions like Superman Returns or Apocalypto recorded to the HDCAM tape format.
Fincher had previously worked with director of photography Harris Savides on Seven (he shot the opening credits) and The Game. Savides loved the script but realized, "there was so much exposition, just people talking on the phone or having conversations. It was difficult to imagine how it could be done in a visual way."[16] Fincher and Savides did not want to repeat the look of Seven. The director's approach to Zodiac was to create a look mundane enough that audiences would accept that what they were watching was the truth. The filmmakers also did not want to glamorize the killer or tell the story through his eyes. "That would have turned the story into a first-person-shooter video game. We didn't want to make the sort of movie that serial killers would want to own," Fincher said.[16]
Savides' first experience with the Viper Filmstream camera was shooting a Motorola commercial with Fincher. From there, he used it on Zodiac. Fincher wanted to make sure that the camera was more inclined towards film production so that the studio would be more comfortable about using it on a project with large budget. To familiarize himself with the camera, he "did as many things 'wrong' as I possibly could. I went against everything I was supposed to do with the camera."[16] Savides felt comfortable with the camera after discovering its limitations.
Fincher and Savides used the photographs of William Eggleston, Stephen Shore's work from the early Seventies, and actual photos from the Zodiac police files.[16] The two men worked hard to capture the look and feel of the period as Fincher admitted, "I suppose there could have been more VW bugs but I think what we show is a pretty good representation of the time. It is not technically perfect. There are some flaws but some are intended."[4] The San Francisco Chronicle was built in the old post office in the Terminal Annex Building in downtown Los Angeles. A building on nearby Spring Street subbed for the Hall of Justice and the San Francisco Police Department. Production began on September 12, 2005. The filmmakers shot for five weeks in the San Francisco Bay Area and the rest of the time in Los Angeles, bringing the film in under budget, wrapping in February 2006. The film took 115 days to shoot.[4]
Some of the cast was not happy with Fincher's exacting ways and perfectionism. Some scenes required upwards of 70 takes. Gyllenhaal was frustrated by the director's methods and commented in an interview, "You get a take, 5 takes, 10 takes. Some places, 90 takes. But there is a stopping point. There's a point at which you go, 'That's what we have to work with.' But we would reshoot things. So there came a point where I would say, well, what do I do? Where's the risk?"[6] Downey said, "I just decided, aside from several times I wanted to garrote him, that I was going to give him what he wanted. I think I'm a perfect person to work for him, because I understand gulags".[6] Fincher responded, "If an actor is going to let the role come to them, they can't resent the fact that I'm willing to wait as long as that takes. You know, the first day of production in San Francisco we shot 56 takes of Mark and Jake – and it's the 56th take that's in the movie".[8] Ruffalo also backed up his director's methods when he said, "The way I see it is, you enter into someone else's world as an actor. You can put your expectations aside and have an experience that's new and pushes and changes you, or hold on to what you think it should be and have a stubborn, immovable journey that's filled with disappointment and anger."[6]
Digital Domain handled the bulk of the film's 200+ effects shots, including pools of blood and bloody fingerprints found at crime scenes. For the murder of Cecelia Shepard that took place at Lake Berryessa, blood seepage and clothing stains were added in post-production. Fincher did not want to shoot the blood with practical effects because wiping everything down after every take would take too long so the murder sequences were done with CG blood.[17]
CG was also used to recreate the San Francisco neighborhood at Washington and Cherry Streets where cab driver Paul Stine was killed. The area had changed significantly over the years and residents didn't want the murder to be re-created in their neighborhood, so Fincher shot the six-minute sequence on a bluescreen stage. Production designer Donald Burt gave the visual effects team detailed drawings of the intersection as it was in 1969. Photographs of every possible angle of the area were shot with a high-resolution digital camera, allowing the effects crew to build computer-based geometric models of homes that were then textured with period facades. 3-D vintage police motorcycles, squad cars, a firetruck and street lights were added to the final shot.[17]
The film's establishing shots of the Bay Area were created by Matte World Digital. The "helicopter shots" of the fireworks-laden sky over Vallejo, the San Francisco waterfront, and the cab driving through San Francisco were CG, as was the shot looking down from the tower of the Golden Gate Bridge.[18]
A time-lapse sequence showing the building of the Transamerica Pyramid was a hybrid of 2D and 3D matte painting. The shot was initially created using reference photos of the Pyramid taken from the rooftop of Francis Ford Coppola's Sentinel Building. MWD's visual effects supervisor, Craig Barron, then researched the Pyramid's original construction techniques for accuracy in the animated sequence.[18]
The art for the Zodiac poster was also provided by Matte World Digital at Fincher's request. Barron and his crew shot digital photos of the city skyline at night and composited them with a stock photo taken from the top of the Golden Gate Bridge. Layers of fog were added for the final image.[19]
Originally, Fincher envisioned the film's soundtrack to be composed of 40 cues of vintage music spanning the nearly three decades of the Zodiac story. With music supervisor George Drakoulias, the director searched for the right pop songs that reflected the era, including Three Dog Night's cover of "Easy to Be Hard" because "it's so ingrained in my psyche as being what the summer of '69 sounded like in northern California".[10] Initially, Fincher did not envision an original score for the film, but rather a tapestry of sound design, vintage songs of the period, sound bites and clips of KFRC (an AM radio giant) and "Mathews Top of the Hill Daly City" (home of a prominent hi-fi dealership of the time).[20] The director told the studio that he did not need a composer and would buy various songs instead. They agreed, but as the film developed, sound designer and longtime Fincher collaborator Ren Klyce felt there were places in some scenes that could have used music.[20] So, he inserted music from two of his favorite soundtracks, David Shire's scores for The Conversation and All the President's Men. Fincher was eager to work with Shire as All the President's Men was one of his favorite films and one of the primary cinematic influences on Zodiac. He reminded Klyce of the deal that he had made with the studio.
Klyce got in touch with sound and film editor Walter Murch who worked on The Conversation and he got Klyce in touch with Shire. Fincher sent the composer a copy of the script and flew him in for a meeting and a screening in L.A. At first, Fincher only wanted 15–20 minutes of score and for it to be all based on solo piano. As Shire worked on it and incorporated textures of a Charles Ives piece called, "The Unanswered Question" and Conversation-based cues, he found that he had 37 minutes of original music. The orchestra Shire assembled consisted of musicians from the San Francisco Opera and S.F. ballet. Shire said, "There are 12 signs of the Zodiac and there is a way of using atonal and tonal music. So we used 12 tones, never repeating any of them but manipulating them".[4] He used specific instruments to represent the characters: the trumpet for Toschi, the solo piano for Graysmith and the dissonant strings for the Zodiac killer.[4]
An early version of Zodiac ran three hours and eight minutes. It was supposed to be released in time for Academy Award consideration but Paramount felt that the film ran too long and asked Fincher to make changes. Contractually, he had final cut and once he reached a length he felt was right, the director refused to make any further cuts.[9] To trim down the film to two hours and forty minutes, he had to cut a two-minute blackout montage of "hit songs signaling the passage of time from Joni Mitchell to Donna Summer." It was replaced with a title card that reads, "Four years later."[6] Another cut scene that test screening audiences did not like involved "three guys talking into a speakerphone" to get a search warrant as Toschi and Armstrong talk to SFPD Capt. Marty Lee (Dermot Mulroney) about their case against suspect Arthur Leigh Allen.[21] Fincher said that this scene would probably be put back on the DVD.[22]
To promote Zodiac, Paramount posted on light-poles in major cities original sketches of the actual Zodiac killer with the words, "In theaters March 2nd," at the bottom.[23] The film was screened in competition at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival[24] on May 17, 2007 with Fincher and Gyllenhaal participating in a press conference afterwards.[25] The director's cut of Zodiac was given a rare screening at the Walter Reade Theater in New York City on November 19, 2007 with Fincher being interviewed by film critic Kent Jones afterwards.[26]
The DVD for Zodiac was released on July 24, 2007[27] and is available widescreen or fullscreen, presented in anamorphic widescreen, and an English Dolby Digital 5.1 Surround track. There are no extra materials included.[28]
According to David Prior, producer of the subsequent two-disc special edition, the initial bare bones edition "was only reluctantly agreed to by Fincher because I needed more time on the bonus material. The studio was locked into their release date, so Fincher allowed that version to be released first. It had nothing to do with Fincher 'double dipping his own movie before it even makes it to stores' and everything to do with buying more time for the special edition".[29] He stated that the theatrical cut would only be available on the single-disc edition. Prior elaborated further: "Nobody wants fans feeling like they're being taken advantage of, and I know that double-dipping creates that impression. That's why it was so important to me that consumers be told there was another version coming. In this case it really was a rock-and-a-hard-place situation, and delaying the second release was done strictly for the benefit of the final product... But this is a very ambitious project, easily the most far-reaching I've ever worked on, and owing largely to studio snafus that I can't really elaborate on, I didn't have enough time to do it properly. Thus Fincher bought me the extra time by agreeing to a staggered release, which I'm very grateful for".[30] In its first week, rentals for the DVD earned $6.7 million.[31]
The two-disc director's cut DVD and HD DVD were released on January 8, 2008, with its UK release on Blu-ray and DVD announced for September 29, 2008. Disc 1 features, in addition to a longer cut of the film, an audio commentary by Fincher and a second by Gyllenhaal, Downey, Fischer, Vanderbilt, and Ellroy. Disc 2 includes a trailer, a "Zodiac Deciphered" documentary, a "Visual Effects of Zodiac" featurette, previsualization split-screen comparisons for the Blue Rock Springs, Lake Berryessa, and San Francisco murder sequences, a "This is the Zodiac Speaking" featurette, and a "His Name Was Arthur Leigh Allen" featurette. Other extras apparently originally intended for the set, including TV spots and featurettes on "Digital Workflow", "Linguistic Analysis", "Jeopardy Surface: Geographic Profiling" (Dr. Kim Rossmo's geographic profile of the Zodiac), and "The Psychology of Aggression: Behavioral Profiling" (Special Agent Sharon Pagaling-Hagan's behavioral profile of the Zodiac) were omitted. However, the latter three featurettes were made available on the film's website.[32] This new version runs five minutes longer than the theatrical cut.[33] For Oscar contention, Paramount distributed the Director's Cut DVD to the Producers Guild of America, the Writers Guild of America and the Screen Actors Guild, instead of the official release version. This was the first time that the studio had done this.[33]
Opening in 2,362 theaters on March 2, 2007, the film grossed US$13.3 million in its opening weekend, placing second and posting a per-theater average of $5,671.[34] The film was outgrossed by fellow opener Wild Hogs and saw a decline of over 50% in its second weekend, losing out to the record-breaking 300.[35] It grossed $33 million in North America and $51 million in the rest of the world, bringing its current total to $84 million, above its estimated $65 million production budget.[36] In an interview with Sight & Sound magazine, Fincher addressed the film's low gross at the North American box office: "Even with the box office being what it is, I still think there's an audience out there for this movie. Everyone has a different idea about marketing, but my philosophy is that if you market a movie to 16-year-old boys and don't deliver Saw or Seven, they're going to be the most vociferous ones coming out of the screening saying 'This movie sucks.' And you're saying goodbye to the audience who would get it because they're going to look at the ads and say, 'I don't want to see some slasher movie.'"[13]
Overall, reviews of the film were highly positive. [39] David Ansen, in his review for Newsweek magazine, wrote, "Zodiac is meticulously crafted – Harris Savides's state-of-the-art digital cinematography has a richness indistinguishable from film – and it runs almost two hours and 40 minutes. Still, the movie holds you in its grip from start to finish. Fincher boldly (and some may think perversely) withholds the emotional and forensic payoff we're conditioned to expect from a big studio movie."[40]
Some critics, however, were displeased with the film's long running time and lack of action scenes. "The film gets mired in the inevitable red tape of police investigations," wrote Bob Longino of The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, who also felt that the film "stumbles to a rather unfulfilling conclusion" and "seems to last as long as the Oscars."[41] Andrew Sarris of The New York Observer felt that "Mr. Fincher's flair for casting is the major asset of his curiously attenuated return to the serial-killer genre. I keep saying 'curiously' with regard to Mr. Fincher, because I can't really figure out what he is up to in Zodiac – with its two-hour-and-37-minute running time for what struck me as a shaggy-dog narrative."[42] Christy Lemire wrote in the San Francisco Chronicle that "Jake Gyllenhaal is both the central figure and the weakest link... But he's never fleshed out sufficiently to make you believe that he'd sacrifice his safety and that of his family to find the truth. We are told repeatedly that the former Eagle Scout is just a genuinely good guy, but that's not enough."[43]
In the United Kingdom, Time Out magazine wrote, "Zodiac isn't a puzzle film in quite that way; instead its subject is the compulsion to solve puzzles, and its coup is the creeping recognition, quite contrary to the flow of crime cinema, of how fruitless that compulsion can be."[44] Peter Bradshaw in his review for The Guardian commended the film for its "sheer cinematic virility," and gave it four stars out of five.[45] In his review for Empire magazine, Kim Newman gave the film four out of five stars and wrote, "You'll need patience with the film's approach, which follows its main characters by poring over details, and be prepared to put up with a couple of rote family arguments and weary cop conversations, but this gripping character study becomes more agonisingly suspenseful as it gets closer to an answer that can't be confirmed."[46] Graham Fuller in Sight & Sound magazine wrote, "the tone is pleasingly flat and mundane, evoking the demoralising grind of police work in a pre-feminist, pre-technological era. As such, Zodiac is considerably more adult than both Seven, which salivates over the macabre cat-and-mouse game it plays with the audience, and the macho brinkmanship of Fight Club."[47] Not all British critics liked the film. David Thompson in The Guardian felt that in relation to the rest of Fincher's career, Zodiac was "the worst yet, a terrible disappointment in which an ingenious and deserving all-American serial killer nearly gets lost in the meandering treatment of cops and journalists obsessed with the case."[48]
In France, Le Monde newspaper praised Fincher for having "obtained a maturity that impresses by his mastery of form," while Libération described the film as "a thriller of elegance magnificently photographed by the great Harry Savides."[49] However, Le Figaro wrote, "No audacity, no invention, nothing but a plot which intrigues without captivating, disturbs without terrifying, interests without exciting."[49]
As of June 2014, Zodiac has a rating of 89% on Rotten Tomatoes[50] dubbing it "Certified Fresh", and a 78 metascore at Metacritic.[51]
Only two 2007 films (No Country for Old Men and There Will Be Blood) appeared on more critics' top ten lists than Zodiac.[52] Some of the notable top-ten list appearances are:[53]
Paula Abdul, Rick Springfield, Madonna (entertainer), The Rolling Stones, The Motels
San Francisco, Zodiac Killer, Florida, California, True crime
Time Warner, Cartoon Network, Burbank, California, DC Comics, Pittsburgh
Frank Sinatra, Clint Eastwood, San Francisco Police Department, Don Siegel, John Milius
Paramount Pictures, Casino Royale (2006 film), Night at the Museum, Spider-Man 3, Icon
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Tarzan, Authority control, Zodiac (film), The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)
YouTube, Atonement (film), London, England, Empire Award for Best British Film
ER (TV series), Revenge of the Nerds, United States, Top Gun, Northern Exposure


text: The Papworth racer is stepping up the ladder after finishing as runner-up in the BARC Mighty Mini Championship in 2016. His performances in that class caught the eye of the Kimbolton-based Track Club team, who have given him a seat behind the wheel of their high-powered machine. And Tomlinson, a karting star in the past, is thrilled with how his first pre-season tests went. He said: Ive already managed to get to grips with the new car and I feel sure I can be challenging at the sharp end of the field. The early signs show I can be a podium contender and Ill set myself the initial target of trying to finish in the top five of the championship standings. This is an extremely high-profile series and one that will provide a great platform not only for myself, but also for my sponsors Skip UK, Camclad Steelworks and Bruce. The long-term plan is to try to make it into the British GT Championship. The Lotus Elise Trophy is made up of 16 races spread across eight rounds at tracks around the country. It gets underway at Norfolk circuit Snetterton on March 25.


text:
Beer And Pizza Three Barrel Brewing Del Norte Colorado -
When I arrived to Del Norte Colorado I was alerted to the fact that at any given moment Colorado would remind me of just how unpredictable she was. My day had started off sunny and warm, so I dressed accordingly, shorts and a short sleeve shirt. A logical pairing on … Continue reading →
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text:
County boards and commissions serve in either advisory, legislative, or administrative capacities. They consist of county residents and occasionally county staff or elected officials. County boards and commissions assist local government through citizen participation and leadership. County boards also facilitate the public comment process in local governance.
Board and commission meeting agendas are posted in the City/County Complex 48 business hours in advance. Meeting locations and times may change. Please call the board contact number or the Park County Commission/DeAnn Weickum at 406-222-4106 to confirm meeting information.
Most board and commission member terms run on a calendar year cycle. Applications are accepted for new members in anticipation of expiring terms. A notice requesting member applications is published in the Livingston Enterprise, on the Park County website, and in the City/County Complex. The call for members is open for one month usually in late fall (sometimes longer for newly created boards). An applicant interview may be part of the selection process.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the Board of County Commissioners of Park County, Montana, will receive applications for the Park County Fairgrounds & Parks Board.
The purpose of the board is to serve as an advisory board to the Park County Commission, represent the public's best interests, provide direction, guidance and oversight to ensure the success of Park County's Fairgrounds and Parks Department mission, vision and goals to provide quality agricultural, socioeconomic and recreational opportunities to residents and visitors by facilitating access, understanding and enjoyment or the natural and built assets and amenities of Park County, Montana.
There are nine positions available: four (4) original Board members shall serve a term of three (3) years, three (3) original Board members shall serve a term of two (2) years, and two (2) original Board members shall serve a term of one (1) year.
Application can be picked up at the Commission office or on the county website at www.parkcounty.org under departments/county-boards-committees. Closing Date May 2nd @ 4:30 pm. Please return applications to DeAnn Weickum in the County Commissioners office: 414 E. Calendar Livingston, MT 59047 or email at email@example.com.


text:
This is pretty much a follow-up from me asking about your haircare routine.
I must be going through something major subconsciously, it's the only way I can explain this massive overhaul and turning my bathroom into Sephora. I've completely fallen down the skincare rabbit hole again, after years of being satisfied with just Cetaphil cleanser, a sugar scrub a few times a week, sunscreen during the day and moisturizer at night. Now my routine has turned into this monstrosity.
- The Face Shop Herb Day Cleansing Wipes (Evening only)
- The Face Shop Rice Water Cleansing Oil (Evening only)
- The Face Shop Rice Water Foaming Cleanser
- Freeman Charcoal Black Sugar Scrub (1-2x a week)
- Thayers Witch Hazel and Rose Toner
- Tony Moly Intense Galactomyces Lite Essence
- Dermal Sheet Mask (1-2x a week) (Evening only)
- Garnier Skin Renew Dark Spot Overnight Peel (Evening only)
- Mizon Snail Repair Intensive Ampoule
- Scinic All In One Honey Ampoule
- Skin Food Salmon Brightening Eye Cream
- Ponds Moisturizer (Evening only. It's classic and it works just fine!)
- Neutrogena Clear Block Sunscreen in SPF 55 (Morning only)
I'm breaking out because of hormones right now, and I always know that's what it is since it's the same spots every damn month. But I have to say that the parts of my skin that are not my stupid hormonal jawline does look and feel fantastic since the overhaul. One day I expect to look like this.
So tell me about your skincare routine. I know we talk products a lot, but I'd really love to know your process from start to finish. Is anyone else completely vain and neurotic?
One more note: I have found my absolute favorite beauty blog. It's The Beauty Brains, which is actually run by two cosmetic chemists. They don't really do much in the way of recommendations like traditional beauty bloggers, but I love reading about the science of how products work or don't work.


text:
After reading the new story about Noxus... Am i the only one that'd want a separate game about it?
"Strength in variety". Just think of all the possibilities. The writing of the new lore just keeps getting better. I forget everything about League of Legends itself when i read these days - it's like i'm watching a movie through text, and i can practically see the possible gameplay in a class-based or customizable people of Valoran. Rito pls
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It seems pretty obvious to say that there're a lot of differences between Italy and the US. Going into study abroad I knew that there would be a lot of differences. I looked up manors and how to tip and all that before heading to Italy so to not put my foot in my mouth when eating out. However, looking back I didn't find anything specific to moving to Rome for a few months. Like what kinds of things, they do differently.
On top of that, there was also transitioning to not living so close to home. Honestly, I didn't think too much of it when I was leaving other than that I would miss my family. But there have been a number of things I've had to adjust to with that as well.
So on those topics, here are a few things I wasn't expecting (even if I should have) before studying abroad in Rome.
Adjusting to Rome:
- Walking and eating at the same time isn't a thing
- You can walk and eat gelato or Roman style pizza (they give it to you like a sandwich) but anything else is very odd and even rude. If I need a quick caffeine fix on my way to class I've figured out getting a coffee flavored gelato does the trick because it has real espresso in it so it works the same.
- Pharmacies are NOT where to buy toiletries like CVS is
- I made this mistake the first day and still feel like an idiot. They are CRAZY expensive and have no label on the prices so you don't even know until you check out
- Sweets for breakfast
- Honestly not that bad to transition to. But when you want eggs or some kind of protein for breakfast you'll need to make it yourself or search out an American breakfast bar
- Heat goes off midday
- Not an issue in warmer months but we had a really cold few weeks (even got snow!) so it's not so fun then. This is also really only in homes. They do this because the price to heat a house all day is crazy expensive so no one can really afford it.
- When you turn something off you're expected to unplug it
- This is for the same reason as the heat. It's just too expensive to have things using power when they're not being used
- Literally, no one has dryers (except some American university dorms)
- Again same reason as the last two. Everything is just hung up to dry
- Wifi kind of really sucks
- Not totally sure why on this one but really just everywhere it doesn't work too well. I have a theory it's something to do with how old the buildings are. Like the material make it had for the signal to get around or something like that.
- You have got to trust people on Vespas because jumping to the side is more likely going to get you hit than avoid getting hit.
- Everyone dresses so nice all the time
- I just wanna wear a sweatshirt and leggings and not feel like a bum
- Most places to eat have a sitting fee
- Usually a €2-3 per person depending on the place. a lot of places will put the cost on the menu.
- Ignoring people isn't rude it's the only way to not be harassed into buying a selfie stick
- Salt and vinegar chips aren't a thing here, same with Cheetos
- Really just a personal issue but I do really miss them.
- Eating or drinking (not water) in classes is actually really rude
- If you're going to an American university with American professors they probably won't really care but if they're Italian maybe ask
- Generally, multitasking isn't a thing
- As someone who's used to doing everything walking or eating or any other way of condensing everything I need to get done this was a rough one to transition to
- Very slow walking
- People just take their time getting where they're going
- Italians especially Romans dress for the season, not the weather
- This means in winter months (Dec-Feb) you wear your winter coat every day. Not matter what. I'd recommend having a lighter coat you can wear instead of your winter one when it's a warmer day. But I have literally seen people in parkas, scarves and hats and it's 65 degrees out. This extreme is pretty odd though
- You can't do an 'adventure trip to Europe' type of thing every day
- This doesnt mean you're wasting your time, give yourself time to recharge so you don't burn out
Adjusting to being far from home
- Not being a 3hr drive from my parents
- I got sick a few weeks ago and at the start of it, I wasn't sure if it was going to be a bad cold or the flu and I had this moment when I realized "oh my god. If I have the flu my parents can't just come pick me up and take care of me or bring me soup" maybe that sounds kinda babyish but just knowing that it's a possibility makes me feel better.
- You miss a lot of stuff when you're always so long
- Good and bad stuff happens and it's tough to miss out on big moments for friends or family but the best to help with this I found is to make sure you make time to facetime your family and freinds regularly.