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About Athboy/Ráith Chairn
Athboy (Baile Átha Buí, meaning "Town of the Yellow Ford"), is a small agricultural town in County Meath. The town is located on the Yellow Ford River, in wooded country near the County Westmeath border.
Ráth Chairn (anglicized as Rathcairn) is a small village and Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking area) in County Meath, Ireland. It is about 55 km northwest of Dublin.
Ráth Chairn Gaeltacht was founded in 1935 when 41 families from Conamara were settled on land previously acquired by the Irish Land Commission. Each family was provided with a Land Commission house and a farm of approximately 8.9 hectares (22 acre), a sow, piglets and basic implements. A further 11 families joined the original settlers in 1935. In all, 443 people moved from Connemara to the Ráth Chairn area. In 1967 Ráth Chairn received official recognition as a Gaeltacht, following a local campaign.[1] Today, it and the nearby village of Baile Ghib make up the Meath Gaeltacht.
A cooperative (the "Ráth Chairn Cooperation Society") was formed in 1973. Ráth Chairn has since grown into a village with a Catholic church, community hall for dramas, Corchumann Ráth Chairn and RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta (also used by Coláiste na bhFiann during the summer months), sports facilities, an all-Irish primary and secondary school, a library and a pub (An Breadán Feasa).
Several facilities in Ráth Chairn host children and adults wishing to learn Irish, and residential Irish language courses, Coláiste na bhFiann, are run for teenagers in the summer months.
Getting Here
Athboy is serviced by Bus Eireann 111 operating out of Bus Áras. Click here for timetable.


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|Series cast summary:
|Richard Hammond
|Himself - Presenter / ... 231 episodes, 2002-2018
|Jeremy Clarkson
|Himself - Presenter / ... 230 episodes, 2002-2018
|James May
|Himself - Presenter / ... 220 episodes, 2003-2018
|Ben Collins
|The Stig / ... 104 episodes, 2003-2012
|The Stig
|Himself / ... 114 episodes, 2003-2019
Top Gear is a British television series about motor vehicles, primarily cars, and is a relaunched version of the original 1977 show of the same name, airing since 2002, and becoming the most widely watched factual television programme in the world. Written by paul keeling
On IMDb TV, you can catch Hollywood hits and popular TV series at no cost. Select any poster below to play the movie, totally free!
Explore popular action and adventure titles available to stream with Prime Video.

subset: commoncrawl


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SAN FRANCISCO (MarketWatch) -- Shares of Biogen Idec Inc. plunged in late trading Wednesday after the biotech firm said that it has been unable to land any acquisition offers.
Biogen Idec BIIB, -1.57% shares dropped 27% to $55.15. The Cambridge, Mass.-based firm announced that it will remain an independent company after not having received any purchase offers during its review of strategic alternatives.
The company said that its business strategy "is working" and aims to have 100,000 patients on its multiple-sclerosis drug, Tysabri, by the end of 2010. Biogen backed its full-year 2007 forecast.
Shares of Irish drugmaker Elan Corp. ELN, +0.00%, Biogen Idec's partner on Tysabri, were down 9.9% at $22.10.
At the same time, stock in Martek Biosciences Corp. MATK surged 13% to $27.55 after the company posted stronger than expected results. Its fourth-quarter net income rose $18.3 million, or 55 cents a share, from $100,000 or break-even on a per-share basis last year, boosted by a $10.8 million tax benefit for the reversal of its deferred-tax asset valuation.
Pro forma earnings rose to $7.5 million, or 23 cents a share, from $3.1 million or 10 cents a share. Revenue rose more than 22% to $82 million from $67.2 million a year ago. Analysts polled by Thomson Financial forecast 20 cents a share on revenue of $78 million.
Also higher was ADC Telecommunications Inc. ADCT, +0.00%, up 8.9% at $18.21. The Minneapolis-based communications company said that despite some liquidity issues with certain securities, it expects that its existing cash resources are sufficient to meet anticipated needs for its current business plan. It also forecast fiscal first-quarter sales to be lower than fourth-quarter sales by 3% to 7%, but expects second-quarter sales to be sequentially higher.
For its fiscal fourth quarter, ADC's sales increased to $329.6 million from $307.3 million. Analysts expected revenue of $318 million. The company swung to a fiscal fourth-quarter net loss of $6 million, or 5 cents a share. Last year, it earned $40.1 million, or 33 cents a share, due largely to a $29.4 million impairment on its investment portfolio. Its loss from continuing operations was $7.2 million, or 6 cents a share.


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Our Team
Mark Killeen - email@example.com
Managing Director, Mark Killeen, started KELMEC LTD over 3 years ago as one man in a van. He has since developed the business into a team of 8 with a customer database of over 200, and a fully equipped commercial premises. Mark has worked in the commercial and industrial sector for over 19 years. He has both considerable technical and commercial experience in the water industry and associated sectors.
In his previous role he worked as a senior engineer of a major pump maintenance company, carrying out both routine maintenance, fault finding and installation work on a vast array of pumping equipment.
His former role was a Senior Maintenance Management position for many years for a large manufacturing company which also included experience in product R&D.
Mark is highly aware of the importance of customer relations and is focused on his team getting the job right first time. Our philosophy is very simple; to take pride in our work and be open and honest with all our customers.
Sean Martin - firstname.lastname@example.com
Sean is Contracts Director of Kelmec Ltd. He has almost 10 years' experience in the water industry and also has experience in valve and actuation to the oil and gas industry. Sean has acquired many mechanical and electrical qualifications along the way, including a degree in mechanical engineering. Having dealt with such customers as Shell UK, NAM, Cofely GDF Suez and Northumbrian Water he understands the importance and priority of the customers' requirements. He strives to get it right first time, every time.
Stacey Killeen - firstname.lastname@example.com
Stacey is Assistant Director of Kelmec Ltd. This encompasses a number of roles such as Administration, human resources and accounting duties. Stacey has just under 3 years' experience in the waste water industry, but having worked alongside her husband and a great team she has picked up things pretty quick. Stacey is primarily office based, and has achieved relevant qualification to attend site and work alongside the engineers, and doesn't mind getting her hands dirty. Working alongside her husband on a daily basis, Stacey is proud of the company that they have built and is even prouder of the team they have.
Paul Garbutt - email@example.com
Paul is Service Director of Kelmec LTD. Starting out as a armature winder, he has nearly 20 years experience within the pumping industry, and has 10 years experience in the water and waste water industry. Along the journey Paul has picked up many qualifications, and has experience in many aspects of the water and waste water sector. Paul has been responsible for servicing and maintaining many environmentally critical sites throughout the country, highlighting his range of experience within the industry.


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It's unfair, no? Pitching a pocket-friendly commuter against motorcycles that are ten times its cubic capacity or price. The TVS Victor 110 finds itself in just such a predicament here. Evaluating the Victor 110 around a 'power-circuit' in the company of big bikes from Triumph, Ducati, Harley Davidson, et al, is akin to taking a knife to a gunfight. And it's no katana either – but more of an everyday butter knife. So, you might assume that it was left unattended amongst a sea of bigger and fancier machines here. But that was not the case.
You see, the Victor was a very successful motorcycle for the TVS brand a decade ago – so expectations from the new model were inevitably high. In fact, before bringing the Victor nameplate back to showrooms early this year, TVS had to ensure that all the bases were covered with the new model. And this is clearly evident in the end product. For a motorcycle that's aimed at commuters, the TVS Victor is really well made – the quality of materials and the fit-and-finish is simply impressive. The styling may not grab many eyeballs, but it's a pleasant looking motorcycle. And on top of that it looks and feels quite big for an 110cc motorcycle. The saddle is supportive and the riding position is comfortable.
Speaking of the powertrain, the Victor comes with a new air-cooled 110cc single-cylinder '3-valve EcoThrust' engine that develops 9.46bhp at 7,500rpm and 9.4Nm of torque at 6,000rpm. Fuel is fed to the engine using a CV-type carburetor. On the move, the engine is supremely refined and the power flows with linearity.
Performance wise, it feels quite brisk too. The engine revs freely and speeds of up to 80km/h come up easily on the digital speedo.
What we really love about the Victor, though, is its ride and handling balance. The ride quality is stellar, and while it may not be an outright corner carver, the chassis is surprisingly stiff and stable around bends. Bite from the front disc is phenomenal as well, allowing you to go faster than you intend to.
While the Victor was not able to get top honours here, it was over 8 seconds faster than its direct rival – the Hero Splendor iSmart 110. So, you could say that it's quite fast too – well, relatively speaking!
<< BACK TO: BEST OF 2016NEXT>>: Mahindra Mojo


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Product Description
Nutoras Mozzarella Cheese Shreds
This cheese is firm yet creamy with a fresh, milky flavour that stretches upon heating or cooking, giving the food a rich look and taste. These shreds are an ideal ingredient for pizza, pasta etc. Net weight – 200 gm (per piece).
Precautions –
1. Inside contents not to be sold loose.
2. keep under refrigeration.
3. Best before 15 days from packaging. (stored at 4 degree)"


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Posted on December 21, 2014, in Affiliates, Contests, Games and tagged 12 Days of Christmas, Activision, addict, Addicts, Blizzard, collectibles, collector's, comic books, contest, contest winners, contests, Darn Technology, earth trap giveaway, entertainment, facebook, figures, fun, funnybone, games, giveaways, gnarly treerex, hot toys, IDW, Instagram, kids, lj the toy addict, metallic gill grunt giveaway, Midtown Comics, mini comics, news, skylander addicts, Skylander Addicts & Collectibles, skylander addicts and collectibles, skylanderaddicts, skylanders, skylanders 4, skylanders comic books, skylanders giants, skylanders mini comics, skylanders spyros adventure, Skylanders Swap Force, skylanders trap team, slam bam, special edition gill grunt, swap force, toys, toys for bob, toys r us, toys r us exclusive micro mini comic packs, trap team, Vicarious Visions, video games, wave 3. Bookmark the permalink. 3 Comments.
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Odd Jacob Fritzner
Managing Director
20 years shipbroking experience starting as sale and purchase broker with P.F. Bassøe Shipbrokers. Previous experience includes 5 years Manager position with Odin Marine in Connecticut and Managing Director of P.F. Bassøe and Pareto Shipping/BRS.
Julius Biermann
4 years of experience as a shipbroker from RS Platou and Grieg Shipbrokers. Graduate of the University of Bergen with a Master of Laws (LL.M) degree, and one year LL.M degree in shipping law from the University of Cape Town.
Petter Moxnes Harfjeld
3 years of experience as chartering shipbroker and operations analyst from Steem1960/Inge Steensland and DHT, respectively. Graduate of BI Norwegian Business School in 2015 with a Bachelor in Shipping Management.
Pål Hvitstein
30 years shipbroking experience from Fearnleys, Partner at P.F. Bassøe Shipbrokers and Senior Partner with R.S. Platou Shipbrokers. 10 years experience as Director Shipping and Managing Director with RS Platou Asia in Singapore.
Razaq Jadgal
More than 10 years of experience in shipping from shipowning and shipbroking starting his career in the Middle East. Started as shipbroker with P.F. Bassøe focusing on tank chartering before joining Lorentzen & Stemoco as sale and purchase broker, and later on with Pareto Shipping and RS Platou.
Jakob Kvalheim
15 years experience within the shipbroking scene and was formerly a partner of Lorentzen & Stemoco and Grieg Shipbrokers, always focusing within Sale and Purchase. Holds a Master of Science Degree in Shipping Trade and Finance from City University London.
Arvid Nesse jr.
18 years shipbroking experience starting at R.S. Platou Shipbrokers followed by 10 years at RS Platou Asia in Singapore focusing on the Asian market. Moved back to Norway in 2012 and continued his role as Senior Partner with RS Platou Group and thereafter Director in Clarksons Platou.
Synøve E. Jahren
27 years of experience within administration in shipping from shipowning and shipbroking. Worked as secretary for almost 20 years for RS Platou sale and purchase department. Office operations.


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I'm looking into getting my first supplement. I'm not sure what kind to buy or what is best. I've always been a skinny guy that could eat anything and not gain weight. I've read its harder to put on muscle when someone is like that. Which is okay.
Here is my current workout
If anyone could recommend a good supplement for me that would be great.
Also, when would be the best time to take the protein shake?
Last edited by ragegriffith; 09-30-2014 at 11:22 PM.
As Robertrogo stated, diet comes first, exercise second and supplements third. No supplement will be able to give you instant results without putting in the effort (nothing legal or healthy anyways). That being said, I also agree that a protein supp is the best place to start. A complex mix will be slightly cheaper, but the isolate is more pure and generally gives you a larger hit without as many calories. I'd try experimenting with both to find which one works better for you.
Hey man, I was in your shoes some time ago too.
The one supplement that is going to make you grow stronger, better, bigger, leaner, and healthier.........
Would have to be Whey protein.
Being able to meet your dietary protein intake is pretty much the only thing that will help you get stronger, and build more muscle. A lot of people working out do not meet their protein requirements and often just spin their wheels.
Don't be that person. Make sure you're getting enough protein my friend. its super important. Whats the [URL="http://onlinestrength.com/whey-protein-powders/"]best whey protein powder[/URL] though? Good question..so many products out there..i personally drink optimum's whey protein. I've been taking it for nearly 5 years. My only supplement aside from my pre-workout.
A few articles that can get you going:
Effect of protein-supplement timing on strength, power, and body-composition changes in resistance-trained men:
The best whey protein powder:
Ingested protein dose response of muscle and albumin protein synthesis after resistance exercise in young men.:
As a first supplement goes, I would recommend protein. Whether you want to put serious mass on or not will affect which protein to buy. I remember my first supplement I bought. [url]http://www.samedaysupplements.com/optimum-nutrition-100-whey-gold-standard-cookies-cream-2lb.html[/url] Taste was good up until the ending. ON is a good brand to start off with in my opinion.
Def get a protein to either drink immediately following your workout or during your workout. I like to use Optimum Nutrition Gold Standard Whey and the reasons why are: you get a lot of servings for the price you pay, it tastes good, and it gives you the perfect amount of protein that is needed. 1 serving contains 25g of protein, which many experts say is the most that one should consume in a single serving. They say over 25g of protein in a single serving can overload the kidneys.
MHP Up Your Mass - Fudge Brownie
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Relativisation of the Ustasha crimes violates the fundamental values of the Constitution, with a lack of reaction opening room to hatred
Condemnation of fascism, in Croatia inaugurated in the form of the Ustasha regime of the Independent State of Croatia (ISC), a puppet state created under the aegis of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, is a fundamental value of the modern democratic world, with particular recognition given to anti-fascist struggle in those countries that once found themselves under fascist rule, including Croatia. According to the historical foundations of the Croatian Constitution, which not only carry immense symbolic and political significance and include the legal grounds, goals, purpose and basic values of the state and society, but are also important for understanding and interpreting the Constitution, in the course of the Second World War the Croatian national sovereignty manifested itself in decisions of the Territorial Anti-Fascist Council of the National Liberation of Croatia (Cro. Zemaljsko antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja Hrvatske, ZAVNOH), and in opposition to the proclamation of ISC.
The international human rights system was established after the Second World War as a response to the horrors of fascism and Nazism, and a guarantee that such evil shall never happen again. It is through adhering to the principles and values, but also obligations, from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the EuropeanConvention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR), and other international documents in this field, that realisation of human rights and freedoms is guaranteed to all citizens irrespective of their race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, political opinion, religion, disability or other characteristics.
Despite this, explicit Ustasha or Nazi symbols, or those associated with the Ustasha movement, continue to be present in the Croatian public sphere. In recent years, books have been printed, articles and interviews published, panels held, documentaries made and television programmes broadcast that deny or downplay the criminal character of the ISC. Except in inflammatory and nationalist-oriented media, such statements are made in the official newspaper of the Catholic Church, and have also penetrated the mainstream media, including the public broadcaster.
With reactions from the government often lacking or being inconsistent, the impression is created that such statements are tacitly tolerated, creating an atmosphere in the society that encourages the bolstering of revisionist views about the character of the ISC, which was founded on racist and nationalist ideologies and, following the Third Reich model, adopted and implemented its own racial laws, as well as about the scale of crimes committed in its name.
The importance of official reaction was stressed by the European Parliament in the October 2018 Resolution on the rise of neo-fascist violence in Europe, which called upon the European Union member states to condemn and counteract all forms of Holocaust denial, including trivialising and minimising the crimes of the Nazis and their collaborators, and take further measures to prevent, condemn and counter hate speech and hate crime. Among other things, the Resolution expressed concern at the rise of right-wing extremism and neo-fascism in Croatia, and pointed at the acts of violence or promoting extremism in Norway, the United Kingdom, Italy, Poland, Greece, Germany, France, Spain, Sweden, Latvia and Ukraine.
Displaying Nazi and Ustasha symbols in the public sphere and the government's inconsistency in their unambiguous condemnation
Symbols and slogans of the so-called Axis powers can be found written or drawn on bus stops, building walls, stadiums and posters, but also on monuments to the Anti-Fascist Struggle. The Ustasha "U", the salute "For Homeland – Ready" (Croatian: Za dom spremni) and its acronym "ZDS", as well as swastikas, are present throughout Croatia. These emblems are also used in comments on websites or social networks and offend or humiliate, even incite hatred towards the Roma, Serbs, Jews and others. Sympathies for the ISC and the Ustasha legacy are increasingly expressed in slogans alluding to this state and movement, such as on T-shirts inscribed with the expressions "Ostaše U Hrvatskoj" (Eng. They stayed in Croatia, with the word "Ostaše" pronounced as Ustasha), the character of "Ujko Smješko" (Eng. Uncle Smiley – a letter U asn Ustasha is put on the face of a smiley) or the slogan " ZDS – Znamo Da nekima Smeta" (Eng. We know this bothers some), thus becoming a way of expressing opposition to the government, but also to the highest values modern Croatia is based on, according to its constitutional definition. It is particularly worrying that such symbols are displayed by young people. For instance, during the celebration of the end of the last school year, several monuments to the Anti-Fascist Struggle were defaced with swastikas, the Ustasha "U", and the letters "ZDS".
"For Homeland – Ready" was the official salute of the ISC, used at the closing of documents depriving members of non-Aryan peoples of civil rights, ordering their internment to camps and seizure of their property, and is inseparable from the crimes committed in the Second World War. It is therefore wrong to link it to the positive connotations of defending the Republic of Croatia during the Homeland War, which is being done nevertheless, particularly by using the insignia of the Croatian Defence Forces (Cro. Hrvatske obrambene snage, HOS) which includes the Ustasha salute "For Homeland – Ready". These forces, originally formed outside the regular military of the Republic of Croatia, with an acronym identical to that of the Croatian Armed Forces (Cro. Hrvatske oružane snage, HOS), an army created by merging the Ustasha and Croatian Home Guard forces at the end of the Second World War, also named some of its units after prominent Ustasha leaders.
It was the unveiling of a memorial commemorating the fallen members of HOS bearing the inscription "For Homeland – Ready" in Jasenovac, on the very building where the command of the Ustasha concentration camp had been located, that served as the immediate motive for the Croatian Government to form a Council for Dealing with the Consequences of the Rule of Undemocratic Regimes in March 2017, which was tasked with drafting recommendations on facing the past and on legally defining the use and display of symbols, emblems and other insignia of undemocratic regimes. After working for a year, the Council adopted the Dialogue Document in February 2018 as a platform for considering the direction on how to legally define the use of symbols of totalitarian regimes and movements from the 20th century Croatia. Though not legally binding, the Dialogue Document, having been adopted by a council formed by the Government, was expected to be backed with the political will to fulfil the recommendations it contained.
The Dialogue Document states that the existing criminal and misdemeanour legislation contains mechanisms for effective prevention and sanctioning of public use of hate symbols but, guided by the principles of legal certainty and legal predictability, still recommends a clearer normative regulation of their public use so that anyone who publicly uses certain insignia is in a position of certainty to predict the consequences of their actions in practice. Additionally, it explicitly states that, due to a failure of competent authorities, for more than a quarter of the century, the salute "For Homeland – Ready" has been de facto and de lege (also) linked to the Homeland War, which today serves (also) as proof in social discussions that the meaning of the disputed salute, that originated in the Ustasha regime, became ambiguous because of its use in the context of the just and legitimate Homeland War, and that the proposition is not acceptable because it does not take into account the fact that even during the Homeland War this salute was contrary to the Constitution. However, there was a lack of a proper official response, thus today we are faced with this salute as given. The document stressed, however, that public use of this salute may be allowed in exceptional circumstances, when those who were killed during the Homeland War fighting for the Republic of Croatia under these insignia are honoured. Even so, after the Council adopted such conclusions and recommendations, a question arose in the public whether the salute, deemed unconstitutional by the Council itself, can even be used on an exceptional basis, and whether its use in such cases would still contravene the Constitution. However, institutional disregard for public use of the salute "For Homeland – Ready", even in cases outside the said exception, caused, inter alia, by a failure to adopt appropriate legislative amendments, continued in spite of the conclusions and recommendations made by the Council.
Although the High Misdemeanour Court and the Constitutional Court had already taken a stand that the salute "For Homeland – Ready" was contrary to the principles on which the independent, sovereign and democratic Croatia is based, judicial proceedings have failed to be initiated and legal remedies sought. Member of the Croatian national football team Josip Šimunić was convicted by the Zagreb Misdemeanour Court ruling PpJ-4877/13 of 8 December 2015 and the High Misdemeanour Court ruling Jž-188/2016 of 27 January 2016 for shouting "For Homeland" at the Maksimir stadium after the match between Croatia and Iceland, inviting the audience to reply "Ready". The ruling by the High Misdemeanour Court clearly highlighted the racist character of the ISC, explaining that this salute symbolises hatred of people of other religion or ethnicity, manifestation of racial ideology, and disdain for victims of crimes against humanity. The Constitutional Court agreed with this explanation in decision U-III-2588/2016 of 8 November 2016, which rejected a constitutional complaint filed by Šimunić. Moreover, the High Misdemeanour Court ruling Jž-2824/2014 of 3 December 2015 convicted the vice-president of the Croatian Pure Party of Rights (Cro. Hrvatska čista stranka prava, HČSP) Josip Miljak and two more defendants for using this salute, raising the right hand to salute, and signing Ustasha songs. Their appeal was rejected by decision U-III-1296/2016 of 2 May 2016, with an explanation that the Constitution clearly shows that the Republic of Croatia is not based on the historical attainments of the ISC, and that freedom of expression is limited by the Act on Offences against Public Order and the Constitution, in order to protect the rights and freedoms of other people, as well as public order.
Apart from this, the Constitutional Court decision U-II-6111/2013 of 10 October 2017 nullifying the naming of a street in the village of Slatinski Drenovac after 10 April, the date when the ISC was proclaimed, explained that it is a well-known historical fact that the ISC was a Nazi and fascist puppet-state, and as such represented an absolute negation of the legitimate aspirations of the Croatian people for their own state, a grave historical abuse of those aspirations, and that the Republic of Croatia is no successor to the ISC on any grounds. The Constitutional Court further emphasised that their positions do not refer only to names of streets, towns, symbols etc., but rather represent the principles the Constitutional Court holds about the character of the ISC as a negation of fundamental values of the constitutional order of the Republic of Croatia, reiterating its view that the Constitution, as the fundamental legal act of the Croatian state, is not value-neutral, and that democracy based on the rule of law and protection of human rights is the only political model the Constitution takes into account and the only one it accepts.
Notwithstanding these decisions by the High Misdemeanour Court and the Constitutional Court, and despite initiating misdemeanour proceedings for shouting the salute "For Homeland – Ready" during the performance of the song "Bojna Čavoglave" (Eng. Čavoglave Battalion) by Marko Perković Thompson, the police decided not to appeal the first-instance acquittal judgement from May 2018, thus preventing the High Misdemeanour Court from stating its position. Additionally, the police justified their decision not to press new misdemeanour charges after the singer repeated his action in 2018 on account of the earlier acquittal passed by the first-instance court, which had become final only due to their own decision not to seek legal remedies at their disposal.
In justifying the song "Bojna Čavoglave" by explaining that it had been performed many times in its original form – including the salute "For Homeland – Ready" – the first instance court based its decision on the wrong assumption that something that had been unlawful from the beginning could, with the passing of time and being (tacitly) tolerated by competent authorities, become lawful. Such reasoning by the first-instance court is concerning, as is the lack of counter-reaction by the police as the plaintiff. The court explained its decision, among other things, by stating that, according to data from the Croatian Composers Society, this song had been played in its original form on radio and TV stations several hundred times from 1998 to 2017. However, the police should not create case law making this salute permissible by failing to use existing legal mechanisms, contrary to the above positions of higher courts.
Moreover, when members of the 9th HOS Battalion bearing the name of the Ustasha leader Rafael Boban lined up in Split on the date of proclamation of the ISC to mark the alleged anniversary of the unit's establishment and honour their veterans fallen in the Homeland War, they wore black uniforms and shouted the salute "For Homeland – Ready". Their lineup was attended by representatives of the City of Split, the Split-Dalmatia County and the Ministry of Croatian War Veterans. However, the police pressed no misdemeanour charges, drawing on the acquittal by the first-instance court in an identical case a year earlier, in which they failed to appeal, too.
In both of these cases, the police created case law, together with the first-instance courts, to which they later referred to, but one which should not constitute a basis for acting in future cases. Namely, the police and the courts are due to act based on the Constitution, international agreements, laws and other valid sources of law, taking into account earlier judgements of high courts, and not positions taken in particular cases by lower-instance courts. For this reason, we asked the Ministry of the Interior and the Police Directorate to provide explanations for the legal reasons, including criteria from the Dialogue Document,that led them to decide not to appeal to first-instance rulings, or press charges, in the above cases. We also requested additional information about possible similar cases of (not) processing persons shouting the disputed salute and/or drawing symbols or slogans of the Nazi, fascist or Ustasha movements. Unfortunately, at the time of writing this analysis, we have not received any reply from the Ministry of the Interior yet.
Along with the above mentioned, it is not clear why there was no reaction from the State Attorney's Office, as the authorised prosecutor pursuant to Article 109 para 1 of the Misdemeanour Act. As the police did not appeal the first-instance acquittal, and decided not to press any charges in similar situations in the future, the State Attorney's Office could, or even should, reconsider its practice of not pressing charges in misdemeanour proceedings.
This year's Bleiburg commemoration proved that tolerating hate symbols certainly contributes to their displaying, with the Austrian authorities arresting and later sentencing several Croatian citizens who raised their right hands and shouted "For Homeland – Ready". While such incidents are not prosecuted in a consistent and systematic way in Croatia, and are treated, if processed, as misdemeanour cases, with modest fines imposed, mostly under HRK 1000, these perpetrators were sentenced to 15-month prison terms with a probation period of 2 or 3 years. What's more, in order to define illegal symbols in this country even more specifically, thereby contributing to greater legal security, the Austrian Interior Minister announced extending the list of illegal symbols to explicitly include those linked to the Ustasha regime.
Unlike the Austrian or German legislations, which precisely define illegal symbols, the Croatian legislation allows sanctioning such form of expression, but leaves assessing its (un)acceptability to case law. It is obvious, however, that the practice of lower-instance courts, as well as state authorities, points to the need for a clearer normative regulation in this area. In Croatia, shouting the salute "For Homeland – Ready" or displaying Nazi, fascist or Ustasha iconography is processed as a misdemeanour case, in line with special regulations, such as the Act on Offences against Public Order, Public Assembly Act, Act on Prevention of Violence at Sports Events, or Anti-Discrimination Act, which do not expressly define illegal symbols. With regard to rulings by first-instance misdemeanour courts where defendants were acquitted because their actions were not expressly described in the above laws, it is clear that illegal symbols must be defined more precisely.
This is further evidenced in actions taken by some state administration offices, which registered the statutes of organisations including the salute "For Homeland – Ready" in the course of 2017, explaining it by stating that this salute is not expressly forbidden by any regulation. In addition, the Ministry of Public Administration instructed the Zagreb City Office for General Administration in 2017 to register such statutes as long as the Council for Dealing with the Consequences of the Rule of Undemocratic Regimes has put forward its recommendations. Even though over eight months have passed since the Council made its recommendations and adopted the Dialogue Document, the Ministry of Public Administration has yet to propose amendments to relevant provisions of the Non-Governmental Organizations Act, and also failed to reply to our questions if they were planning to do it. Still, it remains to be seen how other competent ministries will integrate the conclusions from the Dialogue Document into proposed new legislation, such as the Act on Undesirable Communication on the Internet, the Graveyards Act, and the Homeland War Memorials Act.
Along with the aforementioned, some actions taken by other state authorities and government representatives are also contentious, as well as their inconsistency in a clear condemnation of the criminal Ustasha regime and its symbols. For instance, the Croatian President said in 2017 that she considered the salute "For Homeland – Ready" an old Croatian greeting. Her speech in Buenos Aires in March 2018 also provoked a lot of criticism, when she said that after the Second World War many Croats had searched and found space of freedom in Argentina, where they could express their patriotism and make legitimate assertions for liberating the Croatian people and its homeland. However, in May, when she visited the Jasenovac Memorial Site with the Israeli President Rivlin, she stated that the Republic of Croatia was established based on the Anti-Fascist Struggle and the Homeland War.
In addition, the Ministry of Croatian War Veterans has for years financially supported several pronouncedly revisionist-oriented organisations, such as the NGO Croatian Home Guard (Cro. Hrvatski domobran) which issues a paper with the same name, where the Ustasha regime is celebrated and the scale of the crimes they committed denied. Moreover, burials of discovered and exhumed victims of crimes perpetrated by Partisans – civilians as well as Ustasha and Croatian Home Guard soldiers – are given military honours. For this reason, we asked the Ministry of Croatian War Veterans, based on what legal grounds and what criteria the remains of 55 victims exhumed on the territories of municipalities of Plitvička Jezera and Rakovica, which included members of the Ustasha armed forces, had been buried at the local cemetery in Vaganac with military honours. At the time of writing this analysis, we received no answer to this, or to the question whether there had been other burials of victims killed during and after the Second World War with military honours in 2018.
There is no doubt that victims of crimes perpetrated by Partisans at the end and after the war were disregarded for decades, and that they deserve to be found, exhumed and buried with dignity. However, burying members of the defeated army with military honours can be interpreted as giving official state legitimacy to the puppet-state and the ideology entirely contrary to the values the modern Republic of Croatia is based on.
Denying (the scale of) crimes in historiography – freedom of scholarly research or a criminal offence
Revisionist, even negationist views about the character of the Ustasha state and the scale of the crimes it committed are particularly present in historiography. Some historians and various researchers, including some Catholic priests, claim that the Jasenovac camp, which represents an undisputed symbol of crimes committed in the ISC, was merely a labour and internment camp, thus reflecting its official name used by the Ustasha administration. They argue that Jasenovac was not a "death camp" where inmates were brought to be killed, and that there were no mass murders there. They contend that it was a camp for opponents of the ISC, for most part communists and their collaborators, and for some Jews excluded from deportations to German camps. They deny that the camp was established for the concentration, isolation, forced labour and liquidation of Roma, Serbs and Jews, the population discriminated against by racial laws. In addition, they claim that opponents of the communist regime and Cominform supporters were incarcerated there after 1945, with some arguing that the most victims were actually killed after the war by the post-war regime.
Many of them are clearly motivated by the decades-long silence about the crimes committed against soldiers of the defeated ISC, by personal histories and persecution experienced in communist Yugoslavia, and by Yugoslav historiography which claimed, until the late 1980s, that about 700,000 people had been killed in Jasenovac. Though exaggerated several times, this estimate was not permitted to be questioned in the former state, and the Greater Serbia ideology used it to mobilise a part of the Serb population during the 1990s rebellion. Furthermore, these historians unanimously contest the list of individuals, put together by curators of the Jasenovac Memorial Site Public Institution (Cro. Javna ustanova spomen područja Jasenovac, JUSP) and containing more than 83,000 names of victims, claiming that it had been multiplied several times. Some argue, for instance, that only 1000 people probably died in the Jasenovac camp of all causes, most of them by natural death, mainly due to typhus and similar diseases. They deny that children were also murdered in this camp, although there are over 20,000 of them on the official JUSP list of victims, while some distort the facts and circumstances surrounding the suffering of Serb children separated from their parents in Jasenovac and other camps or detention centres in the ISC.
It is possible, even likely, that there are individual errors in the JUSP list of victims, but it is even more likely that not every victim has been included in it. Light can only be shed on individual fates by further researching, whereas each such research must be conducted in a scholarly and objective manner, with compassion for victims and respect for the feelings of members of affected communities. Despite this, these historians think that history of the 20th century Croatia should be researched anew, denying the credibility of numerous written proofs and testimonies about the scale of the crimes committed or ignoring them, while using selective evidence to support their assertions and taking things out of context in order to present the camp in a positive or much more benign light then it really was.
Additionally, publicly stated views about the ISC, such as those expressed by the secretary of the Association for Researching the Triple Camp Jasenovac (Cro. Društvo za istraživanje trostrukog logora Jasenovac), which is financially supported by the Ministry of Croatian War Veterans, that, if the fact was accepted that much fewer people were killed in Jasenovac than is officially claimed, that would change the assessment of the character of the ISC1 and that dispassionate discussion and future research would prove that the ISC and ZAVNOH should change their positions in the historical foundations of the Croatian Constitution2, lead to the conclusion that their ultimate goal is a reinterpretation of history of the ISC in order to rehabilitate this Quisling puppet state, in full or to a certain extent.
The question therefore arises whether, and to what extent, it is legally permissible to deny established historical facts about the crimes committed in the ISC, or where the limit is between the freedom of speech and a punishable offence. In each specific case, only the court can decide if an expression is allowed or not, based on the Constitution, international agreements, laws and other valid sources of law. The Croatian Constitution guarantees freedom of thought and expression, which includes freedom of the press and other media, as well as freedom of speech and expression. However, this freedom is not unlimited, as shown in the case Garaudy v. France (2003), when the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) took the position that denying the Holocaust, pursuant to Article 17 of the ECHR, constitutes an abuse of freedom of speech, and as such, a threat to democracy and human rights.
Apart from this, the Republic of Croatia is a party to the 1966 International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, according to which member states are obliged to condemn all propaganda and all organisations which are based on ideas or theories of superiority of one race or group of persons of one colour or ethnic origin, or which attempt to justify or promote racial hatred and discrimination in any form. Furthermore, the EU Council Framework Decision on combating certain forms and expressions of racism and xenophobia by means of criminal law from 2008 obliges EU member states to declare as punishable criminal offences publicly condoning, denying or grossly trivialising crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes and aggression, when the conduct is carried out in a manner likely to incite violence or hatred against a group or a member of a group that has been a victim of such crimes.
In deciding about impermissible expression (hate speech), the ECtHR makes an assessment whether specific statements may lead to violence or affect public order, with reasonable doubt that public order may be violated being sufficient in this respect. Along with establishing whether denial of crimes constitutes inciting hatred of members of communities that have been victims of such crimes, it is important to establish if the actual purpose of such speech is to rehabilitate the regime, i.e. if it has a decidedly revisionist agenda, and how damaging a particular speech may be for the groups it targets, both in terms of eroding their self-esteem and with regard to incitement to discrimination, violence or other impermissible actions against them. Only in case of a clear and present danger, i.e. probability that that it will incite violence of unlawful action, it is considered impermissible. However, when it comes to the Holocaust, the ECtHR is very resolute and consistent, and has rejected all requests attempting to justify Holocaust denial or relativisation as free speech3 Additionally, the ECtHR refrains from providing opinions on purely historical facts, that being outside its jurisdiction, but can still accept certain well-known historical truths and base its explanations on them4.
Article 325 of the Criminal Code, stipulating public incitement to violence and hatred as a punishable offence in Croatia, is aligned with the EU Council Framework Decision on combating certain forms and expressions of racism and xenophobia, and speech would meet the criteria laid down only if it could incite to violence and hatred against groups of members of such groups. Since it is difficult to directly link denying the character of the ISC and the scale of its crimes with specific cases of violence or immediate threat of violence against members of the minority communities – victims of the Ustasha regime, advocates of such views are not criminally prosecuted. Following a citizen's report about statements made by Igor Vukić at a panel held on the premises of the Serbian Business Association Privrednik in October 2016, when he claimed that there had been no genocide of Serbs in the ISC, we contacted the State Attorney's Office, which replied that the County Attorney's Office in Zagreb, after considering the case, concluded that no elements of a criminal offence had been established that would constitute a basis for further action, without explaining the reasons for its decision in more detail. Nevertheless, denying the criminal character of the ISC and the scale of crimes it committed, along with explicitly propagating racist and nationalist ideas, mainly against Serbs, who are, by a part of the society, still collectively blamed for the Homeland War and the crimes perpetrated in it, cause a lot of harm to the society, as they certainly exacerbate hate and affect the sense of security of members of affected communities.
Freedom of expression is one of the key democratic rights, and any restrictions of it should be considered with utmost caution, yet it also includes responsibility. Long covered-up and poorly researched communist crimes doubtlessly caused huge frustrations to those citizens whose family members had been killed, but it is entirely wrong to use them to deny or minimise the Ustasha crimes that preceded them. Therefore, only objective historiographic research and disclosure of historical documents can contribute to establishing the truth about past events. Moreover, the racist character of the ISC and the massive scale of its crimes is a reality that nobody, with a minimum sense of decency and respect for the victims, should not put into question, let alone publicly downplay or deny.
Effect on the communities persecuted by the Ustasha regime
Revisionist interpretations of the character of the ISC and haggling over the number of victims of the Jasenovac camp are a grave affront to living members of the victims' families and to members of the communities that were victims of the Ustasha regime.
Representatives of the Roma, Serb and Jewish communities, as well as anti-fascist organisations, have for years expressed concern, warning of the rise of neo-Ustasha sentiments and a revision of history in the Croatian society. They are outraged at the government's treatment of these incidents and symbols of the Ustasha regime, stressing in particular the unacceptability of using the Ustasha salute "For Homeland – Ready" in any context. They consider it necessary to change the current exhibition at the Jasenovac memorial, as it does not properly reflect the true nature of the camp, obscuring the cruelty that inmates were subjected to and failing to show that victims belonged to the communities persecuted by the Ustasha regime. For these reasons, representatives of Serb and Jewish associations and anti-fascist organisations have refused to participate in the official state commemorations since 2016, commemorating the dead on their own.
On top of that, the genocide of the Roma, who remain the most exposed to social exclusion and discrimination even today, is still insufficiently remembered. It was only in December 2014 that the Samudaripen – the international day of remembrance of Roma genocide victims – was proclaimed, of which the public should be additionally informed and sensitised. The Serb National Council, however, has been recording cases of historical revisionism, violence and hatred of Serbs, and pointing at the rise of these phenomena, since 2014. Representatives of the Jewish community believe that a monument to be erected in Zagreb should commemorate the victims of Ustasha crimes, and not all European victims of the Holocaust, since that would undermine the crimes committed by the Ustasha.
Another thing that concerns is that revisionist works are promoted in organisations run by the Catholic Church, and that persons denying or downplaying the character of the Ustasha state and the scale of its crimes include individuals in high positions in the church hierarchy. For instance, Stjepan Razum, a priest and department head at the Zagreb Archdiocese Archives, and president of the Association for Researching the Triple Camp Jasenovac, claimed back in 2012 that one side had been for independent Croatia, for which the Home Guard and Ustasha had fought, assisted by the Germans, and the other one against Croatia, which included the Partisans, Chetniks, Italians and others5 denying mass killings in the Jasenovac Ustasha camp, while the Bishop of Sisak, Vlado Košić, said in 2017 that the Ustasha regime could not be equalled to fascism, but rather to an organised military effort to defend Croatia as a state6.
In addition, dissatisfaction is voiced with the public broadcaster (Croatian Television), whose role should be to provide objective information, but which, among other things, promoted negationist publications by Igor Vukić and Roman Leljak in its programme, which was also condemned by JUSP Jasenovac. Vukić's book Radni logor Jasenovac (Eng. Jasenovac Labour Camp) was promoted on Croatian Television on a daily basis, which continued even after the Programme Board denounced the views put forward by the author during the programme.
The occurrences of denying the character of the ISC and the scale of crimes committed by the Ustasha regime, as well as displaying symbols in public or using syntagms expressing sympathies for it, have become so commonplace in the Croatian society that they are almost tacitly accepted. Findings of the Study of Croatian secondary school graduates' political literacy (September 2015), according to which as many as half the students were not sure if the ISC was a fascist creation, point to the necessity to not only educate, but also foster tolerance and the culture of historical remembrance. Apart from this, in a report sent to the Republic of Croatia in 2018, the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) recommended introducing mandatory education on human rights, as part of civic education, in all curricula, especially when it comes to the right to equality and prohibition of discrimination.
Therefore, all responsible members of society have the important role to continuously react to the occurrences of relativising the character of the Ustasha state, to prevent them from being an important factor in the creation of public opinion. However, the greatest responsibility is on the government, which must stand up for the respect and implementation of the Constitution and the rule of law, putting an end to actions that symbolically or directly support or glorify the ISC and deny or play down the crimes it committed.
It must be clearly stated that, according to the Constitution, the Croatian national sovereignty manifested itself in opposition to the proclamation of the ISC, that the ISC is incompatible with modern Croatia, and that the Croatian Parliament confirmed in its 2005 Declaration on Anti-Fascism the anti-fascist democratic grounds and commitment of the Republic of Croatia, calling on the need to affirm and cultivate anti-fascist values.
Requests by representatives of the Roma, Serb and Jewish communities and the anti-fascist organisations need to be taken into consideration, to create conditions for a joint commemoration which would pay respect to victims in an appropriate way and express solidarity with the communities persecuted by the Ustasha regime, allowing the Jasenovac Memorial Site to fulfil its role – serve as a reminder of the horrors man is capable of doing to another man.
Denying the crimes committed in the ISC, or their scale, means denying a past full of hatred and violence against the Roma, Serbs, Jews and political opponents of the Ustasha regime. It encourages, and sometimes constitutes, hate speech leading to discrimination, even violence against members of these groups. This serves to cultivate a continuity of hate – and violate the values of equality, rule of law and human rights the Croatian Constitution is based on.
1 http://novilist.hr/Vijesti/Hrvatska/Bauk-pogurao-registraciju-udruge-koja-zeli-dokazati-da-Jasenovac-nije-bio-logor-smrti
2 https://kamenjar.com/igor-vukic-ndh-i-zavnoh-u-ustavu-bi-trebali-zamijeniti-mjesta/
3 M'bala M'bala v.France (2015), Garaudy v.France (2003), Marais v. France (1996), Honsik v. Austria (1995).
4 Ždanoka v. Latvia (2006).
5 Hrvatski list, 9 August 2012
6 https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/biskup-kosic-na-promociji-knjige-o-thompsonu-ustastvo-nije-fasizam-foto-20171026
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text:
Dreams of Unity (Short Story)
|Nick Kyme
|Black Library
|Horus Heresy
|December 2017
|Collected in
|Heralds of the Siege
Dreams of Unity is a short story that is part of The Horus Heresy series by Nick Kyme. It was published as Day 12 of the Advent 2017 Subscription.
Cover Description
It has been many long years since the fall of the Thunder Warriors. After the last battles of Unity, the legions of genhanced warriors were slaughtered by the Emperor's Custodian Guard on the Master of Mankind's orders. But a handful survived... Now one of the last few Thunder Warriors gets caught up in dangerous events that engulf the Throneworld – even as he is hunted by one of the Emperor's praetorians.[1]
|This page contains spoilers for:
|Dreams of Unity (Short Story)
The story begins inside of a gladiator's pit in The Maw near the end of a match between a chrono-gladiator, owned by Radik Clev, and the Thunder Warrior Kabe. Although Kabe fought in many battles for unity, including against the Kievan Rus at the Sibir ice plain at Urhs, against the Hoth Grendal clans at Albia, and at the siege of Abyssna, he was unable to bring down his opponent and fell. After Tarrigata, his blind, aged master, cursed at the loss, Dahren Heruk, a fellow Thunder Warrior who was also part of Tarrigata's ludus, jumped down into the pit to battle the chrono-gladiator. After a quick match, Heruk defeated the chrono-gladiator then gave the dying Kabe an "Honoured Death" by stabbing him in the heart.
After the battle, Heruk carried Kabe's body back with Tarrigata as the old man remarked that the fights were drawing smaller crowds. After Heruk tried to argue that the Thunder Legion was still great, Tarrigata reminded him that there was no legion after Ararat, and Vezulah Vult, another Thunder Warrior, chimed in that they were just gladiators now. As the group prepared to leave, they discussed Tarrigata's past as an astropath and that they were all hunted now before Vezulah became lost in a flash back to the battle at Sibir against Kalagann before Heruk could snap him out of it.
They traveled to Tarrigata's home in the run down part of the Outer Palace districts, and situated above The Maw, known as the Swathe, where they dispose of Kabe's body. While harvesting his organs to help preserve their own lives, Heruk and Vezulah reflected on their prior glory as the worked. After finishing, Tarrigata told Heruk that the warrior owed a debt to Clev for interrupting the fight then ordered him to find what happened to Gairok, another Thunder Warrior who was missing and due to fight. As Heruk left, the Custodian Tagiomalchian, an Ephroi, departed in a Coronus grav-carrier from the Tower of Hegemon on orders by Valdor to hunt down someone dangerous.
Heruk experiences a flashback to the battle at Abyssna, with Vezulah calling a charge for the Thunder Legion to battle. Gairok pointed out that the Custodians were fighting besides them as they took down the northern tower. The Thunder Legion was able to penetrate the tower and enter into hand to hand combat, routing the defenders but Heruk takes a shot to the head in the dream and wakes up at the Silo, a bar in the Swathe, with Gairok standing above him. Looking around, Heruk saw the many bodies that he assumes Gairok cut down in his hallucination. Unable to wake Gairok up, he comes under attack before Heruk stabs Gairok in the chest with his sword. As Heruk leaves the bar with Gairok's body, Tagiomalchian drops from his ship, near his prey in the Swathe, and he receives his order to kill his prey.
Arriving back at Tarrigata's home, Heruk finds it aflame. As he enters the place, he immediately starts experience flash backs to Arat, Hy Brasil, Urhs, and Albia before pulling himself back to reality. Busting into the place, he was able to find Tarrigata, rescuing him as the preserved organs of the Thunder Warriors were destroyed. Before dying, Tarrigata gave Heruk a rad pistol but was unable to answer any questions. As Heruk assumes it was Vezulah who caused the destruction, Tagiomalchian arrives at the Silo and examines the destruction, finding chaos markings on a body.
Heruk left in search of Vezulah, hoping to end him and the madness he suffered. Soon, Heruk came upon the lightning bolt representing the Thunder Legion in a stairway down into the Flood, the catacomb beneath the Swathe. Heruk found Vezulah, wounded across the stomach and with broken weapons nearby. He was also blind from acid attack after having been attacked by Legionaries who were in the Swathe. In his dying moments, Vezulah made it clear that he was attacked and not responsible for the deaths. Suddenly, Heruk could hear a battle and he ran towards it. Elsewhere in the catacomb, Tagiomalchian was wounded by his prey, but he also had wounded it. In his conversation with his handlers, he reflected on other incidents on Terra after the Alpha Legion attack before acknowledging that the source was near him. He then shut off communication as he entered into a hall to find a possessed Alphia Legion warrior waiting.
Tagiomalchian attacked the possessed legionary and its 8 cultists, attempting to stop the sacrifice. As Heruk arrives, Tagiomalchian was on his back and being attacked by the possessed legionary. As he charged the cultist, he reflected on Tarrigata's paranoia at a conspiracy as being correct. The fight was messy, and Heruk received many wounds as he cut down the cultists. Eventually, he dispatched all but one, who killed herself. Finally able to battle the legionary, he witnessed the daemonic for the first time, and he recognized that evil behind it. Heruk charged the legionary, giving oaths to his loyalty and to unity as he battled. He was beaten back, partly drifting to his past as he tried to fight. Wounded and dying, he fought raggedly until he was able to blast it with the rad pistol. Once wounded, Heruk was able to slash it with his sword and partially behead it. It still lived, and Heruk was too weak to continue fighting. This allowed the Custodian to recover and behead it fully before ripping out its heart.
As Heruk was dying, the Custodian gave him thanks for the aid before questioning if he was of the Thunder Legion. After admitting he was, the Custodian was surprised to see that they still existed. Then, Heruk asked for one last favor, to be given an honoured death, which was granted.
- 1 Black Library (last accessed 1 November 2018)
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text:
Like some adults, babies do not have control over their bowel movement. They poop a lot and pee even more. With the number of babies born all over the world, billions and billions of disposable diapers are manufactured and used each year. If one baby uses up to 8000 before being potty trained, think about how much money families spend on disposable diapers. Especially if they have more than one child… 2… 3… or what if they have 4 children? That is up to 32,000 diapers used! These families often cut back on other necessities just to buy the much needed diapers. This, however, is not the only struggle if you use or have been using disposables. You also have to constantly deal with the amount of trash that you have at home and that at times, very unpleasant smell.
These diapers can be convenient to many parents. But it is very uncommon for people to ask what is in that diaper or how it is made. Not many people realize how these could pose a threat to there little ones considering that these babies are pretty much wearing disposables at least 24 hours a day. You would be surprised at what's inside.
What's In A Disposable Diaper?
Disposable diapers generally have three layers. The inner layer is what comes in contact with your baby's skin. The absorbent layer is what absorbs the fluid and the outer layer has a waterproof material so it doesn't leak. It sounds pretty simple but what you need to know are the chemicals that are found in just one diaper.
Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP), also known as sodium polyacrylate, is found inside the absorbent layer of the diaper because it has the ability to trap the liquid. This secret absorbent material has been linked previously to toxic shock syndrome although some experts think that SAP was not the root cause.
Chlorine is used in order to whiten the disposable diaper material. Unfortunately, chlorine emits this toxic chemical called DIOXIN. According to studies, this toxic chemical can cause cancer, it can damage your little one's immune system and it can cause developmental and reproductive problems.
Some disposable diapers also have certain perfume fragrances added to probably mask the smell of the poop. Some diapers have dyes just like the ones used as a wetness indicator. Both the dyes and the fragrance could possibly irritate your baby's skin, causing skin rash or dermatitis.
Phthalates, the plastic ingredient found in baby bottles, could also be found in your disposable diapers. This is a substance that increases the flexibility and durability of the diaper and is used to create the waterproof outer layer of the diaper. If an infant is exposed to this toxic substance, it can possibly affect the his or her endocrine and reproductive system.
So What Can We Do About This?
We don't know how much of these harmful substances could affect our babies or how long the exposure is. But is it even worth the risk? No? Then maybe it's time that you consider looking for better options. If you can find diapers that are chlorine-free, fragrance-free, phthalate-free or dye-free then that's great. If not, there is a far better option – cloth diapers for newborns or hybrid diapers. Cloth diapers generally have far less chemicals and contain no fragrances. Which is great for your little ones health. So we recommend cloth diapers for newborns. Check out our best cloth diapers for newborns recommendations here.
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text:
And again, from NYE 2007 - I don�t
think any more people could have fit in the French Quarter:
Something associated with New Orleans that we all know and love - FOOD!
/nola/food/food.htm mostly superseded by here: LouisianaFood
Think I need to schedule another trip soon so I can get my fix!
Thanks yall!
P.S. Wasn�t sure where to put this, but Carnival helped with some
temporary shelter for the first responders. Two Carnival ships in New
Orleans just look so natural!


text:
|Junior Member
I have carried a P 239 and a 10mm match elite both have some rust on one side in the barrel near the muzzle on the left side which would have been on the side where my body was. I am thinking that this was salt from sweat. I always eipe them down, but did not think to worm a corner of the cloth in the barrel muzzle. Question: Do replacement barrels have to be fitted or just drop it in?
They should drop in.
Why not refinish?
"I cannot spare this man. He fights!"
-Abraham Lincoln
"At the core of liberalism is the spoiled child — miserable, as all spoiled children are, unsatisfied, demanding, ill-disciplined, despotic and useless. Liberalism is a philosophy of sniveling brats."
-PJ O'Rourke
"It is just as difficult and dangerous to try to free a people that wants to remain servile as it is to try to enslave a people that wants to remain free."
-Niccolo Machiavelli
|Oriental Redneck
Yes, have them refinished in CPII from CCR. You will likely not have to worry about rusting again.
* P228 factoids *
The original PROTO-1 Auction
|Junior Member
It is the rifling that is pitted inside the barrel at the most important part of the barrel, near the muzzle on both barrels.
I have always been able to just drop in Sig barrels made by Sig, don't remember any one mentioning otherwise on the forum. Barsto replacement barrels are different even the semi fitted ones don't always just drop right in. They are cheap enough still to have a couple on hand though are creeping up to the Barsto barrels. Check around prices do vary.
Mundus Vult Decipi
Sig barrels may or may not drop in. I've had two (220 and 226) that required fitting. Have you tried grouping the guns? The reason I ask is I purchased a police trade in P220 that whoever carried never bothered to punch the bore. Ring of lint (aka moisture collectors) pitted a nice ring at the muzzle. The pistol was still very accurate. I ended up replacing the barrel just because of my own OCD, but it wasn't necessary.
Well that is a first for me, have you heard of others? My CZs required fitting but not much. I am guessing it didn't take too much to do the Sig barrels or did it?
Mundus Vult Decipi
|Junior Member
Ok. I confess. I am also OCD. I probably should forget about the pitting and just go on and shoot the 10 mm match elite and the p 239. Thanks all of you for the info.
|and this little pig said:
Just recently acquired a Bar-Sto conversion barrel for my P239 to convert from .40S&W to 9mm. It was not a drop-in conversion. I needed to get a competent gunsmith to rework the barrel.
Lots of issues with this barrel that will need to be worked out: timing issues, lock-up, etc. Would probably have been more cost-effective to buy a used P239 in 9mm. In all, I'll have spent over $400 for the conversion and I still need to buy 9mm mags. What a cluster f**k!
Sorry for your trouble don't hear much bad about bar sto barrels. I have 3 of them all trouble free. That doesn't help you. A recent purchase?
Mundus Vult Decipi
Sorry you did say recent acquisition. Well maybe this thread will uncover other problems not that I Would be happy to hear that but if they are having QC issues would be better for us all to know.
Mundus Vult Decipi
I only have experience with the two. Both were Sig combat model barrels (phosphate finish, chrome lined) so I don't know if it was that type in particular. They wouldn't drop into the slide (seemed the hood was oversized somewhat) and the feed ramp would catch on the locking block. Both were sent to Sig for fitting so I'm not sure how much work was needed to fit them.
On a 239 you can use a factory barrel to get to 9mm so not sure why there was a barsto barrel in the first place to the post above about the barsto barrel? But in any case if it won't fit barsto charges $65 for fitting (or at least they did when I had to have one go back to them), so its not a big expense. In all these cases a few of them need some TLC to work, production tolerances etc. I've had mostly good luck with both factory and barsto over the years.
"So in war, the way is to avoid what is strong, and strike at what is weak."
I did the same, a .40 to 9mm barsto conversion barrel for my P239. My semi-drop in also did not drop in. A local gun smith fit it and 50 FMJ's and 20 JHP later, it seems to work fine using my .40 mags.
Are the 9mm mags that necessary? I thought they were loose fitting.
Still $65 for fitting and test fire.
|and this little pig said:
Will use the one .40S&W mag I have for the 9mm conversion. Sig did not have a 9mm barrel for the 239 available. That was my first choice. Most of the other gun parts sellers did not have a conversion barrel either.
Still looking for 9mm mags. If I can only use my .40S&W mag, that OK.
- odin
Not sure about 239 but I use 40 for 9 on the range not issues so,far 226 and 229
Mundus Vult Decipi
|I'm Fine
BarSto sells a video regarding the fitting. I used it to fit my 9mm conversion barrel into my 239SAS DAK. Works great. I have some 9mm mags, but the .40 mags work just fine as do the .40 springs and such.
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Have you noticed blood on your toothbrush or dental floss? If so, you may have gingivitis, an infection in your gums that should be treated by the dental professionals at Midtown Dental Care in Manhattan, New York, to prevent periodontitis and possible tooth loss. If you suspect you may have gingivitis and you live in the Greater New York area — including Queens, Rego Park, Manhattan, and New York City — book an appointment online or call Midtown Dental Care.
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If you don't brush and floss your teeth after meals, you may develop gingivitis. Brushing and flossing remove plaque — a sticky film made up of bacteria. When plaque stays on your teeth, it hardens into crusty brown tartar. The tartar protects bacteria, allowing them to attack your gums and teeth.
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You may not notice any bleeding until you brush or floss your teeth. Sometimes, gingivitis occurs when you miss a few days of flossing. If the condition doesn't resolve within a day or two of resuming a healthy brushing and flossing habit, see your Midtown Dental Care dentist.
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Your Midtown Dental Care dentist treats gingivitis by removing all plaque and tartar buildup from your teeth with a professional cleaning.
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You can avoid gingivitis by maintaining good dental habits, including regular brushing, flossing, and a biannual cleaning at Midtown Dental Care. Call now or book an appointment online.


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Is client conflict less of a problem in a recession?Posted: January 13, 2009 Filed under: client conflict 2 Comments
Apparently some clients are worrying less about client conflicts these days. I heard of two cases recently where clients are turning a blind eye to conflicts that a year ago they'd have made a huge deal about. One involves two major PC manufacturers that are both working with the same agency in China. The other involves major players in the anti-virus software market who are again using the same agency, this time in the US. I take my hat off to the agencies involved for persuading the clients that it is OK. I for one have long believed that with effective Chinese walls, clients should be able to work under the same roof albeit with totally different teams. Many large companies have taken a different view. I'm therefore encouraged to see this attitude changing.
2 Comments on "Is client conflict less of a problem in a recession?"
I'm also pleased with this development. I think the problem historically has been that people put up any old wall, as opposed to Chinese ones. It's very important that they are Chinese, although I have to admit I personally don't know what particular quality Chinese walls have that enables competitive account teams to work alongside each other. I wonder if there's a link to Chinese whispers? Or Chinese burns? Ouch!
Amen to this concept, Tim. Some clients even get a benefit from such arrangements, in terms of the "shared" agency's improved credential with their sector's media.


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Monday, August 29, 2011
Plants not only add beauty to a room, but also make it a friendly, inviting place to live or work; they appear to have a calming, spiritual effect on most people. This perhaps explains why plants play such an important role at key stages in our lives, such as weddings, funerals, periods of illness, and birthdays. People feel relaxed when they are near or tending to living plants. Businesses install interior landscaping to increase worker productivity, and reduce absenteeism. Top hotels, restaurants and other commerical premises use plants to help attract customers. Bill Wolverton, Ph.D. has written a book "How to Grow Fresh Air: 50 Houseplants That Purify Your Home or Office" that I highly recommend.
I'm sure you have a favorite too. You will definately find more after viewing and reading Dr. Wolverton's book. Cheers everyone!!
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Arthur Welter Transports is proud to be part of the Luxembourg Fresh Hub
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Arthur Welter Transports will present his cool chain expertise beside Cargolux, Luxair Cargo, Grosbusch and Dupont de Nemours. Thus the whole luxembourgisch cool chain will be present.
This film shows an overwiew of our fresh hub in Luxembourg.
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Troop 940 Awards
Troop 940 Distinguished Service Award
The Troop 940 Distinguished Service Award ( formerly The Thurber Award) was created to recognize the significant contributions of an adult Scouter in Troop 940.
The Award: Silver Statue of "The Boy Scout", (formerly Porcelain Statue of Norman Rockwell's "The Scoutmaster" and Name recorded on a permanent plaque.)
The Requirements:
- Always exemplifies the Scout Oath and Law.
- Exemplary Scouter providing motivation to and sparking the interest of Troop 940 Scouts.
- Responsible for creating, leading, and implementing significant additions or improvements to the Troop Program and Operations.
- Provide significant financial contributions to Troop 940.
- Active in Troop 940 for a minimum of 8 years.
- Hold Significant Adult Troop positions for a minimum of 5 years. (Positions such as Chairperson, Scoutmaster, Ass't Scoutmaster, Quartermaster, etc.)
- The candidate(s) must be approved by a sub-committee established by the Chairperson and consisting of up to 5 people who were recipients of this award or are knowledgeable of the functioning of the troop.
Troop 940 Award Recipients
Bob Thurber 1998
Al Coutinho 1998
Bill Leach 1999
Gary Bolte 2000
Matt & Terri Baroch 2002
Dale Obermeyer 2008
Mike Byrne 2009
Bill Peck 2010
Dave Neidich 2011
Bill Sieber 2011
Mary Lynn Neidich 2014
Mike Dye 2014
Paul Harper 2016
Jay Needleman 2016
1998 Troop 940 Distinguished Service Award
He was a Scout as a youth where he first understood the principles of Scouting. He loved the outdoors-all of it-from camping to sailing and every activity between. And to top it all off, he was blessed with two sons who also loved the outdoors. He wanted them to grow and love Nature and he understood that Scouting was the way to accomplish this goal.
He volunteered to be the Weblos Den Leader. Every event was filled with discovery as he turned his basement into a learning experience. His patience was overwhelming, but he wanted outdoor adventure.
He started off as our Troop Outdoor Adventure Chairman. Of course that also includes the position of Troop Quartermaster. The Troop bought a trailer, actually a converted pop-up camper. It had no brakes and was very heavy. He brought the 4 wheel drive truck from work to tow it. Over the years it needed 4 sets of brakes. Several years later the Troop bought a new trailer, again his truck was the only vehicle that could move it. At Venturama, the brake wiring was blowing fuses, so he rewired the entire system. He also kept the trailer registered in his name and paid all the license fees and insurance. He built three additional Patrol boxes and a table out of plywood and he even rented a garage to store everything. He never accepted reimbursement. (He felt that his participation was repayment enough).
The Outdoor Chairman would always take off Friday to insure that our campsites were reserved. It didn't matter if we went to Pigion Forge for Fly-a-Way, Hocking Hills or Morgan Canoes, when the troop arrived, the campfire was burning.
In 1987, our rappelling program was limited to a 20 foot hill at Hocking hills. The adults were terrified of that cliff. It would take all day to get 15 scouts down. Of course we only had one rope, Swiss seat harness, beaner, gloves and a helmet. Each Scout was belayed from the top and bottom. While we were working on the rock, he moved down 50 feet and found a 30ft high cliff and set up shop. He was fearless. He soon bought his own equipment and started after the higher cliffs. He would hang off the edge of the cliff so he would be under each rappeller saying come on down, I'm right here, you'll be OK. That's a lot different from pushing someone off a cliff from the top telling them to hang on, they will be fine. His Rope Captain concepts created the Rappelling Program we have today with Scouts rappelling off 160 foot waterfalls or into 140 foot caves. Some people thought that we were sacrilegious calling him the ROPEGOD. It was just our way of showing respect and absolute awe.
He brought his SCUBA equipment to a YMCA lock-in for everyone to try. He patiently took each Scout down to the deep end to go under. What an experience! 15 people have been SCUBA certified since then.
The Troop went caving-commercial caves that you walk though-with electric lights. He lead us Spelunking to Pine Hill Cave in Kentucky, rappelling into 140 foot "wet" caverns. This also redefined the words "dirty clothes".
Once while canoeing at Morgans, he found a cemetery headstone in the river that some vandals had dumped. He got it into his canoe and brought it back to Morgan.
At Eagle Courts of Honor, we used to have a microphone off stage for someone to read the Voice of the Eagle. He recorded it over music making it professional and very meaningful. This recording has been used at more than 35 Courts of Honor including District Ceremonies.
At Camp Randsburg, he found several sailboats in desperate need of hardware and several sails were torn. The staff was too busy and inexperienced to fix them. He went to a local hardware store and purchased the required fittings. He then asked his wife to bring out their sewing machine so he could mend the sails. The catamaran was beautiful in it's new rigging.
Every summer the PLC gets together and plans the next years activities. Most of the time we met at a local hotel and had donuts, pizza and swam in a pool. He decided to go to Lake Cumberland. He rented a speedboat and took everyone skiing. Of course he was the best skier in the troop. Everyone else tubed. Not to be outdone, the following year he took the PLC Whitewater rafting. He initiated the first PLC Training session.
The troop adults went trough the Camp Friedlander COPE Course. He climbed the rope/timber ladder in record time. At Camp Crooked Creek, he again best the entire camp staff.
For one Scoutarama Demonstration he brought a complete TV Studio and let Scouts film one another. What fun. Another Scoutarama, we were displaying Rappelling, guess who rented the scaffolding. After two Scoutarama's, the Family Jamboree was started and for the past several years he lead the Rappelling demonstration. Approximately 4000 people have rappelled off our towers. Many troops in the area have used our program as their guide.
During the District Flight of Eagles Camporee "Campfire" we needed additional equipment for the stage show. He brought us speakers and lights and helped run the video and sound. This helped make the show very professional.
When our Scoutmaster of 7 years (Bill Leach) said it was time to find a replacement, no one wanted to try to the shoes. In an effort to show that it wasn't too bad, he wrote down his duties. The two-page list that resulted was a 40 hour per week job. The search became even harder. Then we decided to break down the job into smaller bits. He organized and wrote the first set of job descriptions for the Troop handbook and documented all the required duties which could be broken down and more adults could share the responsibilities.
He was responsible for many other high adventures, from climbing Mt. Washington to canoeing in Canada, but the bottom line is that if he was there, everyone in the troop has a sense of security because our ROPEGOD was present.
Troop 940 has instituted a new award. Tonight, we present the first THURBER AWARD In honor of Mr. Bob Thurber's outstanding contributions to Troop 940.


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Neal Ascherson has found geological origins for Scottish nationalism. This is not as mad as it sounds but it is still no reason to abandon the Unionby Malcolm Rifkind / October 20, 2002 / Leave a comment
Book: Stone Voices Author: Neal Ascherson Price: Granta, £16.99
Did you know that, in the 20th century, Scotland went through the equivalent of "the uprooting of Russian and Ukrainian society in the 13 years between Stalin's first Five-Year Plan and the Nazi invasion of 1941?" Writing as a survivor (or, perhaps, as a perpetrator) of the Scottish gulag, I must express surprise at such an awesome revelation. I don't know whether to protest that we never knew what was being done in our name or to assert that we were only obeying orders.
Apart from that lapse, Neal Ascherson's new book Stone Voices is, for the most part, a fascinating account of the history and current affairs of Scotland. Ascherson is a left-wing nationalist. I am a right-of-centre unionist, but I have long admired his writing. If I have a criticism, it is that he often cannot decide whether he is writing as a historian, as a journalist or as a political activist. In Stone Voices he does all three and the result is slightly unsatisfactory, although never dull.
The purpose of Stone Voices is an exploration of Scottish identity, weaving together deep time and modern politics. He begins by linking geology to history. Starting with the prehistoric stones of Argyll, he leads us on to the Antonine Wall and then the Stone of Destiny, stolen by the dreadful English 700 years ago and returned by the equally dreadful Tory government in 1996.
The central theme of the book is that the Scots-their character, achievements and prejudices-are the result of the land they live on and the way they have interacted with their neighbours, mainly the English. As a believer in devolution and independence, one might have expected Ascherson to share the old Scottish prejudices about the English. In fact, he is graciously fair. Passing over the unfortunate comparison of Scots to Ukrainians, he is at pains to correct some hoary myths. He reminds us that the highland clearances were not undertaken by absentee English landlords but by middle-class Scots (many of them Whigs and Liberals) who saw the highlanders as savages and thought a bit of ethnic cleansing would do the country good.
Likewise, he refers to the "dogged public assumption that racial prejudice was an English problem to which the Scots-for reasons of superior intelligence-were immune." He has discovered an extraordinary report accepted, in 1922, by the…