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Effect of Surface Conditioning and Resin Cements on the Adhesion of Fiber Posts
Citation:Renato Roperto (2013) Effect of Surface Conditioning and Resin Cements on the Adhesion of Fiber Posts. J Dent Oral Health 1: 1-2
Purpose: This study evaluated the influence of surface treatments on the microtensile bond strength between a glass fiber post surface
and resin cements.
Methods: Forth-five posts (Reforpost, Angelus, Londrina, PR- Brazil) were assigned to three groups with different surface treatment: Group 1: No treatment and silane application only (G1); Group 2: immersion in 96% ethyl alcohol for 10 minutes followed by silane application (G2); Group 3: immersion in 24% H2O2 for 10 minutes followed by silane application (G3). Each group was divided into 3 subgroups according to the resin cement used: UniCem/3MESPE (UN); BisCem/Bisco (BC); and Panavia F/Kuraray (PN). Posts were placed in a square-shaped matrix, in which it was held in place by the resin cement and subsequently photo-cured. Blocks were obtained, serially cut into sticks and then loaded onto a micro-tensile testing machine.
Results: ANOVA indicated significant differences among surface treatments (p< 0.05) and resin cements (p< 0.05). The Tukey test revealed that the group G3 had greater bond strength than group G2 without a statistical difference (p>0.05). Group G1 had lower bond strength values (p< 0.05). The values for group BC and group PN were significantly higher than group UN (p< 0.05). The type of surface treatment and resin cement influenced the microtensile bond strength.
Hypothesis: The use of different surface treatment can improve the chemical-mechanical interaction between fiber posts and resin cements, thus improving the performance of clinical application of these materials in endodontic treated teeth.
Clinical Significance: Within the parameters of this study, the bonding capability of conventional and self-adhesive resin cements to fiber posts were affected by different post surface pre-treatments. Post surfaces treated with 24% H2O2 or 96% ethyl alcohol showed significantly stronger bond interactions to resin cements than only silane application.
The use of restorative fiber posts for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth is currently a common practice in dental offices due to good mechanical properties of the fiber posts when compared to traditional metal cast posts [1-3]. Some common advantages for these posts are: better aesthetic for the final restoration when used in combination with full ceramic crowns; and one single visit to the dental office for both post and core, once there is no additional laboratory step involved. It has been mentioned that fiber posts can also increase the transmission of light within the root canal, thereby increasing the degree of conversion of monomers to polymers (resin cements) and also eliminating the problem of curing deeper areas of the root when using resin cements [4]. Others have also mentioned that fiber posts provide their modulus of elasticity and diametral tensile strength similar to the dentin, therefore, diminishing the risk of root fracture. Clinical studies have been proving the high success rates of restored teeth with fiber posts without the occurrence of root fractures [5-9].
Glass fiber posts are basically composed of glass fibers, inorganic filler, and a resin matrix covering the whole thing. They are usually cemented inside the root canal with a conventional or a self-adhesive resin cement to increase their retention and improve the mechanical performance of restored teeth once the resin cement is able to dissipate the stress when tooth is in normal function [10-12]. Monticelli et al. [13] have also suggested the use of silane coupling agents in coating application on the post surface before using the resin cement in order to promote adhesion between the post surface and the polymeric molecules of the resin material. However, in many cases interfacial failure has been attributed to chemical incompatibility between the post surface and the resin cement. As mentioned before, the core (fiber post/resin cement) is responsible to dissipate the stress when the tooth is in normal function and the durability of a composite core restoration depends on the formation of a strong bond between the composite resin and the residual dentin, as well as the composite resin and the fiber post, enabling sufficient resistance to the interface stress under functional loading [13].
Chemical surface treatments are well known methods of improving the general adhesion properties of a material, thereby enhancing chemical and micromechanical union between different components. As an example, the chemical surface treatment of the enamel and dentin before applying the resin adhesive. The adhesion of a composite resin to the surface of a fiber post is not an exception. There is no chemical interaction between methacrylate-based composite resin and the epoxy resin matrix present on the surface of fiber posts [14,15]. Recent studies have demonstrate that in order to improve the bond strength between the post surface epoxy resin and the composite resin cement, many surface pre-treatments for posts are available using different chemical agents[2,5,9,14-18]. The idea is simple: chemical treatment is aimed to roughening the post surface, thus enhancing the mechanical interlocking between the post and the composite resin cement. Several chemical solutions have been used for post surface treatment, however, the hydrogen peroxide has been shown to significantly increase the bond strength between fiber posts and flowable composite resin materials used for core build-up [9].
The present study was aimed to evaluate the fiber post surface treatment on the microtensile bond strength between glass fiber posts and composite resin cements. The changes in postsurface characteristics following the different pre-treatments were also observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Forth-five fiber posts (Reforpost, Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) with a maximum diameter of 1.5 mm and 20 mm length were used in this study. The posts are composed of longitudinal oriented fibers covered with epoxy resin and one steel filament inside the post. Three different superficial chemical surface treatment were performed as follows:
Group 1 (G1) consisted of only one application of a single layer of silane (Silane Component, Bisco, Schaumburg, IL, USA) for 60 seconds followed by gentle air drying for the equivalent time.
Group 2 (G2) consisted of three successive steps: a) immersion of the fiber post in a 96% ethyl alcohol solution for 10 minutes; b) extensive rinsing with tap water for one minute and; c) application of a single layer of silane for 60 seconds followed by gentle air drying for the equivalent time.
Group 3 (G3) the treatment also followed three successive steps: a) immersion of the fiber post in a 24% hydrogen peroxide solution for 10 minutes; b) extensive rinsing with tap water for 1 minute and; c) application of a single layer of silane for 60 seconds followed by gentle air drying for the equivalent time.
Conventional resin cement (Panavia F - Kuraray, Tokyo, Japan) and two self-adhesive resin cements were used in this study (UniCem [3MESPE]- St Paul, MN, USA; BisCem [Bisco] - Schaumburg, IL, USA). The composite resin cements (conventional and self-adhesive) were mixed according to the manufacturer instructions.
Each fiber post was positioned into the central part of a square shaped cavity made in a silicon matrix with the following dimensions: 10mm (L) x 15mm (H) x 1.5mm (W). The silicon matrix was subsequently filled completely with composite resin cement. The excess of composite resin cement was removed and a plastic Mylar strip placed on top of it. Subsequently, a glass slide was placed onto the matrix and light-curing was performed through the square area using a halogen light (Spectrum 800 Light Cure Unit, Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) with an output of 600 mW/cm2 for 40 seconds. This resulted in a cured block of uniform thickness, with the post in the center and the resin cement on both sides. Using a sand paper (400um grip) each block was then serially polished to obtain a more uniform thickness of 1.5mm.
After storing the specimens in distilled water for 24 hours, each block was fixed with wax onto acrylic blocks and mounted on the holding device of a slow-speed diamond saw (Isomet Buehler, Lake County, IL, USA) to be serially sectioned to obtain 5 sticks with dimensions of approximately 10mm(L) x 3.0mm(H) x 1.5mm(W), (Figure 1). Each stick was attached to the grips of a special device designed for the microtensile bond strength test using cyanoacrylate glue (Zapit, Dental Ventures of America, Anaheim Hills, CA, USA) and stressed to failure with a µTBS testing machine (BISCO).
Means and standard deviations were calculated, and the data was analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using a factorial design in which post surface treatment and resin cement acted as the independent variables. Multiple comparisons of means were performed by the post hoc statistical test. SPSS 15.0 software was used for statistical analysis.
Additional posts were also made for SEM analysis. Two extra posts of each group were randomly selected for SEM examination of the superficial aspect of the post following surface pretreatment. The posts were observed longitudinally. Each post was mounted on a metallic stub, platinum-sputtered (Polaron SL 515 machine, Watford, Herts, U.K.) and observed under a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi S2500, Tokyo, Japan) at different magnifications (35X, 500X, 1000X and 2000X).
Statistical analysis (one-way ANOVA) revealed that both the post surface treatment and the type of resin cement had a significant influence on microtensile bond strength (p< 0.05). (Table 1) and (Graph 1). Regarding the post surface treatment, the bond strength achieved of G3 had significantly higher values than G1 (p< 0.05), and higher, however, with no statistical difference than G2 (p>0.05). The G1 group showed the lowest strength values and the difference was statistically significant compared to G1 and G2 (p< 0.05).
For the resin cements used in this study, a statistical significance was observed between the different groups. The resin cements Panavia F and BisCem, demonstrated higher values of bond strength with no statistical difference (p>0.05). The UniCem resin cement showed the lowest values of bond strength (p< 0.05) SEM analysis.
SEM evaluation revealed that the post surface morphology was modified following treatment with alcohol and hydrogen peroxide. Both surface treatments produced similar changes in the ultrastructure of the post surface. At a lower magnification (35x) without treatment, the complete coverage of the fibers by the epoxy resin was evident. After exposure to 96% ethyl alcohol for 10 minutes or 24% hydrogen peroxide solution for 10 minutes, a uniform distribution of micro-spaces was apparent among the exposed fibers (Figure 2 and Figure 3).
Nowadays, restorative procedures are based on a variety number of steps using a variety number of different materials in order to achieve a desired result: good longevity for the restoration. However, incompatibility between materials is still a common problem in dental practice. The use of fiber posts in combination with resin cements in endodontic treated teeth should be strong enough to support the occlusal stress and the mechanical load of the post and core/crown restoration [14,19-22]. Lack of proper adhesion between the fiber post surface and the resin cement as well as the resin cement and the intra-coronal dentin are clearly the most challenging aspects and clinical failures are common outcomes. Methods to improve the adhesion between the post surface and the resin material used for cementation haven't been extensively investigated, and dentists are still looking for a simple protocol using common chemical solutions available in the dental office able to create a better adhesion between the fiber post surface and the resin cement.
One simple method was demonstrated by Monticelli et al. [16] to improve this adhesion. It consisted of the use of 24% Hydrogen Peroxide applied for 10 min on the post surface followed by a silane compound application. The use of a silane compound is indicated to increase the bond strength between the cement and the exposed fibers.
Some authors explain that the coupling action of silane involves the formation of covalent bonds from the reaction of the organo-functional group and the hydrolyzed alkoxy group, respectively, with the resin matrix and the mineral substrate (glass or silica) of the composite material [13,16]. Thus, with the removal of the superficial layer of epoxy resin via chemical treatment, additional exposed glass fibers, in terms of surface area, are available to be in contact with the silane molecules. The increased chemical union between the silanized glass fibers and the methacrylate-based resin material would significantly improve the interfacial bond strength [17].
Other authors also demonstrated that the epoxy resin covering the fibers can be selectively dissolved by the action of an oxidizing solution [9,13,17,23]. The use of an oxidizing solution as a chemical pre-treatment (i.e. the hydrogen peroxide and the ethyl alcohol) can easily break the epoxy bonds. Removing the epoxy resin is not the only desired function of a chemical treatment. The fibers should also be selective dissolved in the surface in order to provide an irregular pattern of micro-spaces, in other words, providing better micro-adhesion to the silane coupling agent. This may increase the surface area and facilitate the penetration of the composite into the microretention of the etched post surface [9]. Our SEM investigation illustrated that the both pattern of dissolution in the post surface are the same when using 96% ethyl alcohol or 24% hydrogen peroxide over the epoxy resin. Our results were similar to those obtained by Vano et al. [2] in which the exposed fibers did not appear to be damaged by the action of hydrogen peroxide, and no defects or fractures were evident on the surface.
Even though some scientific papers have reported different techniques to etch the post surface, some authors are also mentioning the use of more aggressive procedures, such as the use of a gel of hydrofluoric acid7 and air blasting technique with zirconia or silica oxide [9,23]. However, these techniques can deeply affect the integrity of the fiber post and microscopic analysis has revealed an uneven removal of the epoxy resin matrix and extensive damage to the quartz fibers. Monticelli et al. [16] suggested that hydrogen peroxide, on the contrary, is a considerably milder technique because the exposed quartz fibers remain smooth and leave the underlying epoxy resin matrix intact after the etching procedures.
Two different resin cement materials were evaluated in this study: regular resin cement, which is commonly employed for this purpose, and two self-adhesive resin cements. Although it has been reported that resin cements have good mechanical properties and adaptation to the post surface [24], it can be seen from the interfacial strength results that one self-adhesive resin cement investigated did not differ significantly from the regular resin cement. It can be speculated that, because of its etching capability, the self-adhesive resin cement was able to penetrate optimally within the post surface irregularities, taking the greatest advantage of the increase in surface area available for bonding following the post surface treatment, within the thick zone of denuded glass fibers. This could enable the self-adhesive resin cement to achieve a bond with the post that was as solid as other resin cements.
In the present study, differences in bond strength between the post surface treatments might be explained by the diverse composition and properties of resin cements. Nevertheless, further long-term clinical studies should be conducted to evaluate the survival rate of fiber posts with this kind of treatment under clinical conditions.
In conclusion, the post surface pre-treatment with ethyl alcohol and hydrogen peroxide significantly increased the bond strength between silanized glass fiber posts and resin cements. The bond strength was also significantly affected by the type of resin cement used.
The materials investigated in this experiment were generous gifts from Bisco (USA), 3MESPE (USA), Kuraray (Japan) and Angelus (Brazil).


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Please check out my previous Storytelling posts here. And my 365 Reviews here.
Part of the stories that I get to experience comes right from my students. I get offered suggestions for films, comics, and television shows all the time. And I try to do a decent job of watching or reading those suggestions. I dig that my students feel comfortable sharing with me, so I want to imbibe the media and have a conversation about it when I can.
This week, with the exception of Wednesday (NCBD) and Sunday (Sunday's For Teachers), I will be reviewing comics that this semester's students have given me to read. Today's title is one that I would recommend to any teacher looking to teach with comics/graphic novels or any person looking to break into the genre as a creator.
Title: Locke & Key – Small World (Hardcover)
Author(s): Joe Hill and Gabriel Rodriguez
Publisher: IDW (2017)
Age Rating: Suggested for Mature Readers
This initial story was published by IDW as a one-shot single-issue, expanding the world of the smash series Locke & Key; however, the hardcover version that hit the shelves in 2017 is much more than a single-issue comic book.
The book contains the original story from the issue, but it is followed by a conversation with Joe Hill and Gabriel Rodriguez, a cover gallery, a note from Joe Hill about his "script to page process," 18 handwritten pages of the initial script, pages of the typed script, initial page drawings from Gabriel Rodriguez, and more notes.
This hardcover treat is a straight-up lesson in comics construction.
Most powerful is the introduction to the handwritten pages by Joe Hill. He describes his process of using the notebook over the PC in a way that makes sense to those of us that often find ourselves blocked at the keyboard: "For whatever reason, the notebook puts me at ease with my tendency to err. Maybe because the medium doesn't allow me to go over a line again and again until it's polished and perfect, as one might on a computer."
Seeing Hill's notes and edits on his initial script hammers home the process of it all. Its good for us, and our students to see that the process is work, even for the most skilled.
The rest is a solid example of the entire process. When my students ask about the process of making comics, I will start by showing them this book. I am getting a class set in the near future.
I had no idea that this version of the story existed. It's a blessing that I turned my students on to the Locke & Key series, and that they have expanded their love to search out more from Hill and Rodriguez. This sharing of art and media is a prime example of what can happen when we share our passions and are open to having student passions shared with us.
Great experience. Great book. Teachers of the medium need this one.
Come back tomorrow for New Comic Book Day reviews from my students!
Happy reading!
Twitter: @comics_teacher
Instagram: comics_teacher
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On the first day of the week, very early, Mary Magdalene came to the tomb while it was still dark. She saw that the stone had been rolled away from the tomb.
Here we go again.
Genesis 1
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was formless and empty, and darkness covered the deep waters. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters.
Then God said, "Let there be light," and there was light. And God saw that the light was good. Then he separated the light from the darkness. God called the light "day" and the darkness "night."
And evening passed and morning came, marking the first day.
(with insights by N.T. Wright)
In the beginning is chaos. The void. Then the Holy Spirit breaks in and brings light and life. Fast forward to the sixth day when humans are created. Except this time the ultimate human, breaks into creation.
John 1
In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God…
Who is this Word?
None other than Jesus.
…The Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we saw His glory, the glory as the only Son of the Father, full of grace and truth.
The flesh speaks and brings light and life and Creation is complete. The sixth day and God saw all he had made and it was very good.
But then the flesh dies and chaos reigns again…And darkness descends upon creation as he is buried in a tomb beginning a long sabbath rest.
Now, in the middle of darkness, the first day of the week. The new week. The new creation. The eighth day, we can call it.
Or the first…
Mary Magdalene and the other women come to the tomb. We don't know why exactly. Perhaps they will add more burial spices. Or maybe it is just a chance to weep and mourn and think about what could have been.
The tomb is open. What in the world does that mean? Mary stoops down and the chaos breeds more chaos.
What does the new creation mean to you?


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|zhong guo you se jin shu xue hui
|zhong guo you se jin shu xue hui hui kan bian ji bu
|This publication reported that non-ferrous metals (including advanced materials) Materials Science and Engineering, non-ferrous mineral processing, metallurgy and chemical and chemical disciplines of the new theories, new technologies and new methods and development trends. Publication by the U.S. SCI, EI, CA, UK INSPEC retrieval system and other international and domestic well-known "Chinese Science Abstracts," "China Academic Journals" (CD), "Articles" and retrieval system / database included in the materials, metallurgical industry enjoys a high reputation. (Translated by machine.)


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June 24, 2010
It seems like an odd time to start this blog. I am sitting at my computer on the twelfth floor of an apartment building in Arlington, Virginia. All I can see around me are office buildings, more apartments, condos, highways, and some of the landmark government buildings like the Washington monument and the Pentagon. It is 95 degrees today, and I was just told by one of the local news channels that this has been the hottest June here in history. In the daytime the air is thick with auto exhaust, even at this height, and last night my nose and throat were assaulted by the pungeant odor of burning garbage from a trash to energy incinerator six miles to the southeast. How I long for the fresh air of my own backyard forest!
Is this the fate of mankind? As our numbers continually increase, are we destined to transform the natural beauty and nourishing, sustaining substance of the entire earth into an artificial world of concrete, steel, and plastic?
Click the link below for a very moving video... - Mike
While there are a few trees and some small patches of grass scattered here and there between buildings and along roadways, it is the man-made structures, smells, and sounds that dominate this landscape.
June 2010
Share your comments, photos, and personal backyard wilderness experiences here. All info pertaining to promoting nature and caring for the earth is appreciated!
Click here to send your info.
June 26, 2010
Spent all day Saturday walking the grounds of George Washington's home at Mount Vernon, Virginia. Of course, my favorite part was exploring the small forest preserve there!
The National Arboretum in northeast Washington is more than 450 acres of fields, forests, and display gardens right in our nation's capitol! How refreshing it was to walk in the quiet of the woods in the midst of this huge metropolitan area, Sunday. It was also encouraging to see lambsquarters, that tasty and nutritious cousin to spinach sneaking into some of the flower beds! Found a few paw-paw trees growing near the edge of the forest trails, too. Tasting like a mix of banana and mango, paw-paws grow throughout the eastern U.S., and into Quebec, Canada.
For more information on visiting this arboretum click below. - Mike
This is Asimina triloba, the common pawpaw, sometimes called a custard apple. - photo taken at the U.S. National Arboretum 6/27/10.
All photos are copyrighted and may only be used with permission.
email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Backyard Wilderness Blog


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This 1920s Jewelry Styles was related with this topics.
The history of common styles of 1920s jewelry including necklaces earrings bracelets bangles and rings. Where to buy vintage and new 1920s jewelry.Popular womens 1920s hat styles include the beret toque turban Tam OShanter and Musketeer hat but the cloche hat was the most iconic of the decade.1920s fashion was the perfect bjewelryd between style and function. Beautiful clothes that allowed women to move.
Find Art Deco jewelry from the 1920s and 1930s flapper necklaces art deco rings art deco earrings art deco marcasite jewelry art deco stickpins and hatpins art Shop Unique Vintages large jewelryortment of vintage-inspired jewelry hats fascinators gloves purses and other flapper accessories for affordable prices every day.The roaring twenties a historical snapshop of life in the 1920s. What was it like to live in the 1920s Learn about Flappers Fashion Music Politics the Stock
Remembered in America today as the Roaring Twenties the decade began with the enactment of Prohibition in 1920 and ended with the Stock Market Crash of 1929.1920s Womens Fashions including Dresses Hair Underwear and much moreShop the selection 1920s style clothing and fashion at ModCloth. Find 1920s style dresses tops bottoms swimwear and other fab womens clothingCultural changes after World War I were vast and mens fashion in the 1920s went through as radical a transformation as womens although its much less discussed in
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See the latest hair makeup and fashion trends and what the stars are wearing. Then enhance your own style with fashion tips and beauty secrets.How to Be a Flapper Girl. Being a flapper was a trend in the Roaring Twenties 1920s where some women rebelled against some of societys strict expectations of jewelrys.Greens Blue Flame Gas is a locally owned and operated propane company that is as established as its native Houston owners and family of loyal employees.
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Shop outdoor lighting at Lumens.com. Guaranteed low prices on outdoor wall lights Related Products. The Hinkley Lighting Sawyer Outdoor Chandelier will add Products MORE Whats New Whats New Chandeliers Pendant Lights Ceiling lights Floor lamps Table Lamps Spotlights Wall lights Lamp Shades Light bulbs Home Products Chandeliers Whats New Chandeliers Pendant Lights Ceiling lights Floor lamps Table Lamps Spotlights Wall lights Lamp Shades Light bulbs
1920s fashion reflects societys rapid movement and change. No longer were women willing to trade their mobility for the old stodgy customs of the Victorian era.History of ladies 1920s handbags purses and shopping bags. Including favorites like the clutch beaded reticules tooled leather bags and shopping carts.T he following PDF eBooks can be read with Adobe Reader (Free software which is already on most computers) or with a PDF app on a smart phone or tablet.


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How do I submit immunization data to the Oregon Alert Immunization Information System (Alert IIS)?
1. Register with Alert IIS
To begin the on-boarding process, your practice must register with Oregon's immunization registry by going to the following website and filling out the Registration of intent: https://ophdmu.health.oregon.gov/
Note: if you are a Medicare clinician participating in the Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS), additional guidance for new registrations has not yet been provided. If you have already completed Alert IIS registration previously, your active engagement will continue. If you are a new registrant, please contact Alert IIS directly for information.
2. Sign up for an integration through Practice Fusion in Immunization registry settings
Ensure that the following information has been accurately entered into the EHR in the applicable areas: Provider name, Primary facility address, and NPI. Note: For instructions on editing your EHR Settings, click here.
Navigate to Settings --> Vaccines and immunizations--> Immunization registry.
Under Step 2: Connect, select Connect an EHR facility to your state registry.
Select the facility name with which you are registering.
Select "Oregon - ALERT IIS" from the Receiving Registry drop-down menu. Enter your organization code in the Production alnumber and Testing alnumber fields. Select the "i" icon for additional information about each credential. Contact Alert IIS if you do not know your organization code.
Click Register to begin the testing and validation process.
3. Activate your immunization integration in the Immunization registry settings page
After registering for electronic integration, wait 24 hours before activating your connection.
Visit the Immunization registry settings page and activate your integration.
4. Submit immunization records directly to your local registry
Once activated, you will be able to electronically submit immunization files to ALERT IIS for each patient.
Go to the Immunizations section of the chart and click Transmit all. Alternatively, click the Actions button and select Transmit to state registry.
You will need to submit a large batch of data (2-3 weeks' worth, or 100+ immunizations) to pass testing successfully. This is also the workflow you will now use to submit any patient immunization file to ALERT IIS moving forward.
5. Request a go live status from the registry
After successfully sending at least 100 messages, send an email to your contact at ALERT IIS similar to the following example:
Hello, we have successfully connected to the registry and have sent XX messages with patient data successfully to the testing environment. Are we able to move to the next step and request production status at this time?
Thank you,
Save the confirmation of your live status for your records.
More Information
The Help Desk can be reached via phone at 800-980-9431.


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Pembroke Studios
- Free WiFi in lobby
Very nice and clean room everything very handy and easy friendly staff great location for…
Great, helpful staff member at reception who was very accomodating with early check-in…
More great choices
What's around Pembroke Studios
- Heart of Liverpool
- St. George's Hall - 8 min walk
- World Museum Liverpool - 8 min walk
- Walker Art Gallery - 8 min walk
- Cavern Club - 17 min walk
- Liverpool ONE - 18 min walk
- Merseyside Maritime Museum - 22 min walk
- Beatles Story - 23 min walk
Getting around
- Liverpool (LPL-John Lennon) - 30 min drive
- Manchester (MAN) - 48 min drive
- Liverpool Lime Street Station - 9 min walk
- Liverpool Central Station - 10 min walk
- Moorfields Station - 17 min walk
At a glance
Key facts
- 35 apartments
- 24-hour check-in
- Check-out time is 11:00 AM
Required at check-in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
- Minimum check-in age is 18
Travelling with others
- Pets not allowed
- Free WiFi and wired Internet access in public areas
- No parking
- Self parking *
Payment types at the property
- Cash
Other information
- Smoke-free property
At the property
- Breakfast (surcharge)
- 24-hour front desk
- Luggage storage
- Multilingual staff
- Elevator
- English
- Hungarian
- Latvian
In the apartment
- Washer/dryer
- Private bathroom
- Free toiletries
- Flat-screen TV
Recommended hotels
Pembroke Studios's small print
Also known as
- Pembroke Studios Apartment Liverpool
- Pembroke Studios Apartment
- Pembroke Studios Liverpool
- Pembroke Studios Apartment Liverpool
- Pembroke Studios Apartment Liverpool
- Pembroke Studios Liverpool
- Apartment Pembroke Studios Liverpool
- Liverpool Pembroke Studios Apartment
- Pembroke Studios Apartment
- Apartment Pembroke Studios
- Pembroke Studios Liverpool
Mandatory fees
Deposit: GBP 50 per stay
Optional extras
Self parking is available for an extra charge
Parking is available nearby and costs GBP 10 per day
We have included all charges provided to us by this property. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the unit you book.
Recent reviews
Exceptional 9.6 From 37 reviews
Clean and well equipped.Comfortable.
Had a few issues with self-check in email going to junk mail, but staff were very helpful and contactable easily outside of office hours. Rooms was very clean and had everything I needed.
Excellent check in. Room well decorated and excellent TV. String smell of bleach when entered the room but I knew it was clean!
Really comfortable stay. Convenient for Lime Street Station. Very comfortable bed and handy to have kitchen facilities. Complimentary bottle of Prosecco a nice touch. Friendly check-in.
Our stay at Pembrooke Studios was amazing! I could not fault it. We went for a 3 night stay, and we couldn't have wished for anything more, on arrival the man at the desk was lovely and welcoming. Our room was modern and clean, it had so much storage and looked just like the pictures. We had complimentary Prosecco and Pepsi, which they stocked up every day along with fresh towels.
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


text: At Morgan Sindall we know that our success comes from the talented people who work with us. That's why we're committed to developing our employees, providing them with the training they need to reach their full potential and to offer the highest level of service to our customers. There is opportunity for internal moves and progression as well as formal training – we offer you all the tools and guidance you need to help you reach your own personal career goals.


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With an extremely generous donation from BT, organised by family friend Karen Bonnett, the Royal Berkshire Hospital was able to introduce and trial its first wireless network.
Installed on three wards - a general surgical ward, an urgent care medical ward and the intensive care unit – the network allows feasibility studies in patient bed management details, electronic discharge information (which is sent directly to the GP) and hospital email (which has become a very effective route for communication). The network also enables feasibility studies on medical IT applications such as VitalPacs, which allows bedside nurses to upload patient vital signs, which in turn can be accessed remotely. If the patient has deteriorated this triggers more urgent care.
The trials have been so successful that the hospital is now looking into having wireless networking as part of its forthcoming EPR (electronic patient record) project.
Atul Kapila
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Byron Bay Cookies will be exhibiting at the One Fine Day Wedding Fair at the Royal exhibition
Building in Melbourne on 20-21 February. Grab your tickets now and receive a FREE Byron Bay Cookie pack when you register as a VIP!
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InterSystems products (IRIS, Caché, Ensemble) already include a built-in Apache web server. But the built-in server is designed for the development and administration tasks and thus has certain limitations. Though you may find some useful workarounds for these limitations, the more common approach is to deploy a full-scale web server for your production environment. This article describes how to set up Apache to work with InterSystems products and how to provide HTTPS access. We will be using Ubuntu, but the configuration process is almost the same for all Linux distributions.
Installing Apache
I assume that you have already installed let's say Caché to /InterSystems/Cache.
By default, Caché is supplied with a plugin for Apache, so you can simply go to /InterSystems/Cache/csp/bin and select the corresponding file:
- CSPa24.so (Apache Version 2.4.x)
- CSPa22.so (Apache Version 2.2.x)
- CSPa20.so (Apache Version 2.0.x)
- CSPa.so (Apache Version 1.3.x)
If several are available it's better to choose the latest one.
Now it's time to install Apache. For Ubuntu execute
apt-get update apt-get install apache2 zlib1g-dev
In some OSes, there's no apache2 package (you'd get an "unable to locate package" error) and it's named httpd instead.
If there's no apache build for your OS in the default repositories, I recommend searching for a repository against building apache yourself. While it's possible, it's fairly challenging and binaries generally could be found.
Once the installation is complete, make sure that the installed Apache version meets the requirements:
apache2 -v
Then open the full list of modules to check whether 'mod_so' is on the list:
apache2 -l
So, Apache is now up and running. To test your Apache installation, type the IP address of your server in a web browser and see if the following page appears:
Apache config structure
Again, this can change depending on your OS and Apache versions but usually, Apache has the following configuration structure:
In here:
- apache2.conf - main config file, loads first and loads everything else
- envvars - default environment variables for apache2ctl
- ports.conf - ports that apache listens (usually 80 and 443)
- conf-available/conf-enabled - configuration snippets that are available or enabled
- mods-available/mods-enabled - mods (for example we need to add CSP mod to work with InterSystems products)
- sites-available/sites-enabled - sites (i.e. on port 80, on port 443, on host test.domain.com and so on)
There are also several utilities to run and configure Apache:
- apache2 - main program (can be used to run apache2 in debug mode)
- apache2ctl - Apache control interface
- a2enconf, a2disconf - enable or disable an apache2 configuration file
- a2enmod, a2dismod - enable or disable an apache2 module
- a2ensite, a2dissite - enable or disable an apache2 site / virtual host
- service apache2 - manages apache2 in service mode
Linking CSP to Apache
Now that Apache is up and running let's connect it to Cache. To do this, make some changes to the Apache configuration. Edit the following files:
1. /etc/apache2/envvars contains the environment variables. Set the variables APACHE_RUN_USER and APACHE_RUN_GROUP to cacheusr or (irisusr for InterSystems IRIS)
2. In a mod directory /etc/apache2/mods-available create a new mod - a file named CSP.load:
CSPModulePath /InterSystems/Cache/csp/bin/ LoadModule csp_module_sa /InterSystems/Cache/csp/bin/CSPa24.so AddHandler csp-handler-sa csp cls cxw zen
3. Enable CSP module using a2enmod programm
4. Create a new site in /etc/apache2/sites-available named Cache80.conf:
<IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost _default_:80> ServerName test.domain.com DocumentRoot "/InterSystems/Cache/csp" ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined LogLevel info <Location /> CSP On SetHandler csp-handler-sa </Location> <Location "/csp/bin/Systems/"> SetHandler csp-handler-sa </Location> <Location "/csp/bin/RunTime/"> SetHandler csp-handler-sa </Location> DirectoryIndex index.csp index.html index.htm </VirtualHost> </IfModule>
5. Using a2dissite/a2ensite disable old site on port 80 and enable Cache site
6. Restart apache with: service apache2 restart
7. Open http://<ip>/csp/sys/UtilHome.csp and see if the system management portal appears:
If apache didn't start, check the logs - it usually points to the problem line in configuration.
Run apachectl configtest to check your configuration.
If there's no pointer to error or configtest says that everything is fine, try starting apache in a foreground
apache2 -DFOREGROUND -e debug
If you're getting "application path" error it means that apache is unable to access CSP\bin directory and CSP.ini file inside.
Now let's set up https. To do this, you need a domain name, they start at $2/year. After you bought your domain name and configured DNS A record to point to your IP address go to any certificate authority for certificates. I'll show how it can be done with Let's Encrypt for free.
1. Using a2dissite/a2ensite disable Cache site on port 80 and enable default site
2. Restart apache with: service apache2 restart
3. Follow these instructions (I recommend forcing http->https redirect)
4. Create new site combining SSL configuration and Cache site:
<IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost _default_:443> ServerName test.domain.com DocumentRoot "/InterSystems/Cache/csp" ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined LogLevel info <Location /> CSP On SetHandler csp-handler-sa </Location> <Location "/csp/bin/Systems/"> SetHandler csp-handler-sa </Location> <Location "/csp/bin/RunTime/"> SetHandler csp-handler-sa </Location> #DirectoryIndex index.csp index.php index.html index.htm DirectoryIndex index.html SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/test.domain.com/fullchain.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/test.domain.com/privkey.pem Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf ServerAlias test.domain.com </VirtualHost> </IfModule>
Make sure that 'Server Name' matches the 'commonName' parameter in the server certificate, and that the paths to all keys (server key 'SSLCertificateKeyFile', server certificate 'SSLCertificateFile' issued by the certificate authority) are valid.
5. Enable it, disable default SSL site, enable Cache SSL site
6. Restart apache with: service apache2 restart
7. Check whether the system management portal is now available at https://<ip>/csp/sys/UtilHome.csp
8. Enable auto-updating certificate. Edit crontab with: crontab -e and add a line there:
0 0 * * 0 certbot renew
It's easy to start running Apache server with InterSystems products. Increase security by implementing HTTPS on your sites.


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Peeping Toms Get New Tool
Remember that phrase "Smile, you're on Candid Camera?"
Well today, it's "Smile, you're on candid camera-phone." But after you see what people are doing with these camera-phones, smiling may be the last thing you want to do. CBS News correspondent Tracy Smith reports.
What happens when cell phones, the mouths and ears of the 21st century, suddenly get eyes? In a snap, everyone's an amateur photographer.
What the pictures lack in quality, they make up for in convenience. You can take a photo and within seconds, send it anywhere.
There are even entire Web sites - created by "mobile maniacs" – called, mo-blogs, where people document every step of their own lives and those of others.
Privacy expert Daniel Solove says, "Everyone now has their own camera that they can whip out and snap a shot and that makes everyone to some extent a little paparazzi."
From personal to practical, this mobile technology also has some noble uses. In New Jersey, a teenager scared off a kidnapper by taking his picture. And in Pennsylvania, St John's basketball players accused of rape in a hotel proved their innocence with a camera-phone. In those instances, it helped.
But what about those times you don't want your picture taken - like when you're at the gym? That's the problem with these little camera phones. The same things that make them fun and useful also make them an ideal tool for peeping toms. They're small; they're easy to hide; and when you take a picture, there's no sound no flash.
So many gyms have a new rule: No phone use at all.
Tonya Jacobs of L.A. Sports Club says, "With a camera phone you really don't know where they're going to take their cell phone. More specifically, our biggest concern is with locker rooms, the sauna, steam room - people are changing."
Schools are also cracking down after a California student was caught taking a photo of a test and sending it to a friend. And some companies, like Texas Instruments, have banned cam-phones to prevent the pilfering of trade secrets. But there are still plenty of spots where you can get snapped without even knowing it.
The supermarket is one place where most of us wouldn't expect our privacy to be violated. But last year in Washington State, a man got arrested when he tried to use a camera phone to take a photo up a woman's skirt. The practice of taking dirty pictures of unsuspecting women has become such a phenomenon there's even a couple of names for it: Downblowsing and upskirting.
And it's surprisingly simple.
One thing Congress is trying to do: Pass a law to protect people's privacy.
Rep. Mike Oxley, a former FBI agent, who wrote the cam-phones legislation says, "If they use the phone and they take a picture of a person undressing, for example, put it on the Internet they could be fined and served up to a year in jail under the statute."
Though the measure would affect only people on federal property - like the Mall in Washington - it's aimed to serve as a role model for states to follow.
Privacy expert Daniel Solove says, "There has to be a penalty for taking people's pictures when they're expecting privacy, even when they're out in public."
And while most people use the cameras for this kind of snapshot, those who don't, might end up posing for a mugshot instead.
Earlier this week, an Australian newspaper reported that Secretary Of Defense Donald Rumsfeld has banned cam-phones from military installations in Iraq, over concerns that some of the prison abuse photos were taken with camera phones.


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You can see what coupons you can expect this weekend in the 10/25 Sunday Coupon Preview. This is great for planning your menus.
Remember each region is different so the values may be slightly different but this will give you an idea of what will be there.
If you want more coupons you can print coupons here and you can read about different places to find coupons here.


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CRYSTAL LAKE – There has been a lot of talk about the consolidation and abolishment of McHenry County townships and road districts.
Count Gov. Bruce Rauner as one of the movement's biggest backers.
"What I stand for is local control," the Republican told the Northwest Herald Editorial Board on Friday morning as he visited McHenry County to pitch why voters should elect him for a second term. "The people of McHenry should be empowered to make their own choices very easily."
Rauner spoke to the Editorial Board for about 30 minutes, discussing property taxes in McHenry County, pensions – and why voters should be able to consolidate or dissolve local governments at the polls.
"If we find that we free up local residents to determine themselves what they want to consolidate, and which services they want to share, we will come to a good solution and over time will bring down our costs," Rauner said. "What's clear is Illinois is an outlier. ... We have way more units of government than any other state – and is it a coincidence that we have the highest property taxes in America? I think it's probably not a coincidence."
Rauner's push for local control and consolidation comes at a time when the attack on townships is as intense as ever. Voters and homeowners tired of high property taxes and the state's worsening economic climate have been looking to cut anything from anywhere they can.
Several bills have moved through Springfield to give voters the power to change what their government looks like.
On Jan. 1, House Bill 607 became a state law – a measure that allows township trustees to ask voters whether they want the road district abolished and its responsibilities given to the township supervisor. A majority vote would push that plan into motion, eliminating the road district at the end of the current highway commissioner's term. McHenry Township officials voted Feb. 13 to put a referendum to voters on the November ballot.
State Rep. David McSweeney, R-Barrington Hills, filed a bill in January that would give voters an opportunity to eliminate township government with a majority vote. The move would shift the services provided by townships to local municipalities and the county.
McSweeney shifted his focus to Algonquin Township, which recently has endured unruly in-house lawsuits, budget-busting legal fees and numerous corruption allegations leveled against the former leader of the highway department.
Rauner stands behind efforts such as McSweeney's.
"Let's empower local residents to figure it out," Rauner said. "Let's free up the people of Illinois and give power to the people to decide, and I'll think we'll get to a good solution."


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GAME OF THRONES Propaganda Posters by Olivia Desianti
Game of Thrones isn't coming back to HBO for a bit, but we've got you covered. Check out these sweet Game of Thrones propaganda posters by Olivia Desianti aka BruceLovesYou. You can buy me these posters on Society6 and get free international shipping through January 12th.
What did you think of the Game of Thrones propaganda posters?
For more cool art, visit:
Facebook: http://facebook.com/brucelovesyou.com
Twitter: http://twitter.com/brucelovesyou
Etsy: http://www.etsy.com/shop/brucelovesyou
Society6: http://society6.com/brucelovesyou
Redbubble: http://www.redbubble.com/people/brucelovesyou


text: Your logo design is the single most important graphic design purchase you'll ever make. Packed into that little symbol is a volume of information. A well designed logo conveys your company's personality and establishes a sense of professionallism, integrity, and stability. We don't subscribe to the cookie cutter approach to logo design that is all too prevalent today; Your logo will be carefully crafted to achieve the highest impact in your target demographic.


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I am a 21 year old computer science student with passion for video games. On this page you can see my projects, this is more of a personal blog or portfolio than a storefront. They are mostly prototypes, but feel free to try them, I put a lot of time into them.
I am interested in all things related to games - programming, game design, modelling, drawing, music making, etc. If you have an interesting project I could be a part of, contact me here.


text: Don't know if you like the hipster aesthetic just yet? Express your individuality with the VIBE beanie while keeping it cool and staying warm in either Black or Grey colours. Featuring a tight knight design to perfectly fit on your head, make sure you're ready to be showered with compliments when you're out!


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DOTT is a nice little piece you can put on your desk, wether it's at work, at school or home. With everything being purely digital nowadays, I wanted to bring back noting using handwriting and sketches, while still being able to save them all in one place. That way you would never again misplace sketches for ideas that you scribbled down long ago.
It works like this: You write/draw or scribble on the blank paper area, and when you are done you use the tip of your pen to dot inside the circle in the aluminium frame. This triggers a pressure sensor which tells the arduino to start the small servo engine up. (Here you can see the code)The 360 degree servo then spins one round and stops. While the servo spins, the thought is that a small scanner located at the back of DOTT, scans and uploads what you have scribbled to your profile on DOTTs homepage.
The project was done by me alone.


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Abortion Rate in NYC a Staggering 41%
Late last week, New Yorkers learned the crushing news that in 2009 the Big Apple had an abortion rate of 41%. In other words, in 2009, four out of ten children were denied the right to life in New York City. And if you happened to be African-American, it was statistically more likely that you would be aborted than born in 2009 (60% of black children were aborted).
These numbers are staggering, even to abortion advocates. One pro-choice New Yorker had this to say, "The rate reflects an epidemic of irresponsible sexual behavior that has serious social and economic impacts… When you consider that nationwide, about a quarter of pregnancies end in abortion, it's clear that New York City has too many men and too many women who are engaging in sex without thinking through the consequences." The title of her article was "You don't have to be anti-choice to believe far too many abortions are performed in New York."
In truth any abortion is one too many. Abortion not only takes the innocent life of a defenseless baby growing in its mother's womb but scores of studies continue to show that this violent procedure also deeply wounds the mother psychologically and physically.
Pregnancy Resource Centers (PRCs) are one of the few groups who work to decrease the number of abortions in New York City by tirelessly (and gratuitously) helping women who are facing unexpected pregnancies. Sadly and ironically these very groups are now the political target of an anti-life piece of legislation introduced by New York City's Council Speaker Christine Quinn (D) and Councilwoman Jessica Lappin (D) and written by NARAL New York. For more information on NYC Bill 371 and to sign a petition opposing this bill click here: www.savethelifecenters.com.


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Game description
Vote: Did you like this game? 9231
Kanjar Ro has built a device that warms the planet Earth. Batman went on a mission to stop that device before it is too late but first he must find the Green Arrow to get help from him in this difficult mission. Are you ready for adventure with Batman and Green Arrow?
Game controls:
Use arrow keys to move.A to attack.S to throw.Space bar to climb building
FightingAdventureActionBeat 'em UpPlatformsSide ScrollingSuper HeroAdverBatmanHeatNight


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Liverpool 0-1 Stoke City (agg 1-1, pens 6-5) Capital One Cup RESULT: Jurgen Klopp guides Reds to final after shootout win
- Liverpool defeated Stoke City 6-5 on penalties, despite losing 1-0
- Goalless additional 30 minutes forced penalty shootout at Anfield
- Stoke triumphed 1-0 in 90 minutes to force extra time
- Marko Arnautovic scored controversial opener in first half stoppage time
- Liverpool starting XI: Mignolet, Flanagan (Ibe), Toure (Allen), Sakho, Moreno, Lucas, Can, Henderson (Benteke), Milner, Lallana, Firmino
- Stoke starting XI: Butland, Johnson, Wollscheid, Muniesa, Pieters, Whelan, Afellay, Walters, Bojan (Adam) (Van Ginkel), Arnautovic (Shaqiri), Crouch
- Capital One Cup semi-final kick-off at Anfield is from 7.45pm
- Click here for the full match report from the League Cup semi-final
Liverpool are Wembley bound after beating Stoke City on penalties in the second leg of the Capital One Cup semi-final at Anfield.
Marko Arnautovic scored the only goal, in somewhat controversial circumstances, as he slotted home Bojan's pass in first half stoppage time but replays showed the Austrian was stood in an offside position.
Both sides struck the woodwork as the game went into extra time but neither side could find a winner and it went to penalties, with Joe Allen scoring the decisive spot-kick to send the Reds through.
Click here for the full match report
Dan Ripley
Host commentator
We will find out tomorrow. Either way it's going to be a mouth watering final as they could face Merseyside rivals Everton or Premier League title contenders Manchester City.
The duo will collide at the Etihad Stadium on Wednesday, with the Toffees holding a 2-1 advantage going into the game.
That's all from me here though. Thanks for following folks and remember to catch the post-match reaction from Anfield on the homepage. Cheerio.
Anfield nearly loses its roof as fans cheered Joe Allen's winning penalty which secures Liverpool a spot in the Capital One Cup final.
It's a sad end for Stoke City though, who having restricted Liverpool to just one shot on target in two hours at Anfield, miss out on a Wembley trip.
Liverpool are through to the Capital One Cup final
Joe Allen scores
Marc Muniesa has penalty saved
Lucas scores
Marco van Ginkel scores
James Milner scores
Xherdan Shaqiri scores
Roberto Firmino scores
Ibrahim Afellay scores
Christian Benteke scores
Glenn Whelan scores
Emre Can misses
Peter Crouch has penalty saved
Adam Lallana scores
Jon Walters scores
Despite my fears about shots not being on target in the shootout, both sides have good records.
Stoke have won their last five, Liverpool their last 10 of 12.
The match will go to a penalty shootout
119min: Stoke clear though and as Firmino misreads the flight of a ball to control it, perhaps the concentration is fading from both teams now.
On the evidence of just three shots on target in two hours, I'm worried that these teams might not even be able to hit the target in a penalty shootout.
118min: I don't even think away goals matter any more. It's pretty much golden goal rules ('next goal wins' for those who are not familiar with that former rule).
Liverpool are back on the attack as they win a corner. Big roar from the Kop which is where the set-piece will be taken in front of.
115min: We are five minutes away from penalties, and they look dead certain right now as Jordon Ibe slices well wide across goal from inside the box.
114min: Half-chance for Stoke. Erik Pieters darts down the left before his near post cross for Crouch is intercepted by Sakho.
A better chance follows moments later as Crouch heads the ball down for Van Ginkel who fires straight at Mignolet.
That's just our third shot on target tonight and Stoke's first since scoring this game's only goal at the end of the first half.
111min: Plenty of possession for Liverpool and one thing that cannot be questioned is Firmino's fitness.
The forward is still pressing in attack and is slightly unfortunate not to reach a long ball played over the top as it rolls out for a goal kick.
108min: That small break has breathed new life into Liverpool, some of it fresh with Ibe, as they begin the half on the front foot. Anfield has gone rather quiet since full-time. A lot of tension with a Wembley final on the line it seems.
Flanagan's batteries are indeed in need of a recharge and he is replaced by Liverpool's goal scorer from the first leg, Jordon Ibe. The substitutions are done, will we now get a winning goal in the final 15 minutes?
A brief team-talk, some quick treatment (if needed) and a switch of ends as we prepare for the final 15 minutes.
105+1min: We are in one added minute and now it's Stoke pressing for a priceless goal, which at this stage would be worth two to them given the away goal rule.
104min: Chance for Stoke! Crouch comes into his own to flick on a long ball into the box, but as Van Ginkel races across the target to leave two Liverpool defenders standing, his near post shot hits the post and bounces wide.
101min: It's all Liverpool so far in extra-time but they really are labouring in creating any real chances.
There is very little pace in their game, but that's perhaps forgiveable at this late stage in a match where the hosts have already been pressing keenly.
98min: Stoke don't though. Charlie Adam has picked up a knock and is forced off as he limps down the tunnel with assistance from the Potters medical team.
Marco van Ginkel is on to replace the midfielder who only came on in the 71st minute.
96min: A big concern for Liverpool in this additional 30 minutes will be Jon Flanagan. This is his first start since 2014 and there were doubts over his fitness for 90 minutes - let alone two hours.
He is on a booking and having just clattered into Glenn Whelan is rather fortunate not to pick up another. Liverpool do still have one more change.
93min: Nervous times in the Liverpool defence again. Former Reds players Charlie Adam and Peter Crouch combine, the latter heading wide back across goal from a corner.
91min: Liverpool straight out the blocks but Jack Butland dives low to save from Roberto Firmino.
Just one shot on target each, but as we prepare for the start of extra time only the current scoreline can takes us to a penalty shoot-out. Away goals will now count.
Extra-time to be played at Anfield
90+4min: Charlie Adam whips the second corner towards the far post where Peter Crouch heads over, but the striker was already penalised for a foul on Emre Can.
90+3min: Suddenly, Stoke are going for it! They win successive corners...
90+2min: Taking one for the team. Afellay leads a Stoke counter on the right and wins a free-kick on the touchline after Allen slides through the midfielder to pick up a straight forward yellow card.
90min: Into the final minute and as James Milner over hits a cross there will be four added minutes for one of these teams to grab a winner and prevent an additional 30 minutes of extra time.
Right now, only Liverpool look like scoring - only by default though. Stoke can't get out their own half...
87min: Meanwhile, Flanagan is booked following another clumsy challenge, this time on Afellay, who is back up and running again following treatment.
86min: Liverpool fans for the second time in this half scream for a penalty but they are once again denied.
This time a cross appears to strike the raised arm of Pieters but replays show the defender's arm was in a natural position and he had his back to the ball.
85min: Second change for Liverpool and on comes Joe Allen as Kolo Toure departs. Lucas will now slot into the back four for the Reds.
83min: Extra-time seems to beckon. Firmino has options to both sides 25 yards out, but he decides to try his luck from distance where he follows the pattern of the night by firing over the bar.
81min: Liverpool are enjoying one of their best attacking spells of the game now. They still haven't had a shot on target though.
In fact Arnautovic's dodgy opening goal is the only shot on target either team has had.
78min: Second change for Stoke. Arnautovic, who has gone down a few times this evening, is replaced by Xherdan Shaqiri. Liverpool are back on the front foot in the closing stages of the second half.
77min: Chance for Liverpool! Alberto Moreno's ball to the far post misses Benteke but finds an unmarked Flanagan who after cutting inside is immediately crowded out and denied a shot on goal. Should have shot first time!
74min: Flanagan last started a game nearly two years ago - and it's starting to show.
Stoke win a free-kick on the left after the full-back makes a tired looking trip to bring down Arnautovic. Erik Pieters' cross from the dead ball though is cleared.
71min: First change for Stoke City and there are now three former Liverpool players on the pitch as 2012 League Cup winner Charlie Adam replaces Bojan.
70min: Lovely play from Liverpool. Benteke finds Jon Flanagan with a superb low pass on the right, but the full-back's low cross is gathered well by Jack Butland.
67min: They can't defend set-pieces, but at least Liverpool look a threat while trying to attack them.
Milner's free-kick towards the back post is headed down into the ground and just off target by Sakho.
64min: Better from Liverpool...to a point. The Reds are at least seeing more of the ball now as Adam Lallana shoots well wide of the near post from 25 yards.
63min: It's not just Liverpool's defence looking rocky...
James Milner threads through a pass for Roberto Firmino after hesitancy in the Stoke back four but before the striker can shoot, Glen Johnson cuts across to intercept and clear against his former side.
61min: Liverpool's bright start to the half looks to have quickly faded away. Stoke have found a second wind and win a free-kick out on the left.
Erik Pieters' cross is cleared by Emre Can but the ball soon comes back in and Walters is denied a shot on target by a crucial sliding tackle from Mamadou Sakho.
58min: As Glen Johnson fires over from 35 yards out, Jurgen Klopp already makes his first change as Jordan Henderson departs in favour of Christian Benteke. Will it be a long ball festival now?
56min: But the Stoke threat remains. Arnautovic's magnificent ball catches out Sakho as he finds Walters on the edge of the box, but before the striker can shoot, Simon Mignolet is quick off his line to fumble the forward.
Stoke recycle the ball but after the ball finds Walters again, his strike is blocked.
54min: Plenty of urgency from Liverpool in this half but let's not forget they are not behind in this tie.
As it stands we will be going to extra-time and then if no more goals are scored, penalties. Bit early for spot-kick talk though...
51min: Huge boos from the Liverpool fans as they believe the Reds are denied a penalty after Walters barges into James Milner to leave the latter collapsing to the turf.
Referee Jon Moss waves play on and it's the correct call. Walters was simply the stronger in a mutaul shoulder barge.
49min: Off the woodwork! Fantastic start to the half from Liverpool as Stoke fail to clear a corner which results in Henderson's clever lay-off being smashed against the near post by Roberto Firmino.
47min: Early chance for Liverpool as Alberto Moreno wins a soft free-kick out of Jon Walters on the left, but the set-piece comes to nothing as the home fans get a little frustrated.
'Stoke deserve to be winning. Liverpool have been awful but the linesman should be getting that decision right,' Sportsmail's Jamie Carragher told Sky Sports.
'That's not acceptable in a semi-final for a first half performance, they [Liverpool] are playing like the away team on the counter attack.'
45+1min: Well there is our talking point - and it's a biggie! In first half stoppage time, Bojan squares a pass into the box for Marko Arnautovic who converts neatly at the near post.
Just one problem, he looks offside...
Either way this cup tie is now all-square.
Click here for more maps and stats with our excellent Match Zone
45min: The law of averages might fall for Afellay soon. With another long range effort, the Stoke midfielder controls a bouncing ball before unleashing a similar shot to Henderson's wide of the goal.
42min: A token effort from Jordan Henderson sees his 35-yard shot bounce wide of Jack Butland's goal, but such is the way this match has gone, that's actually one of Liverpool's best attacking moments.
39min: Six minutes before the break and this game doesn't feel like it has got started. It's a concern for Stoke boss Mark Hughes. His side just haven't made this game that uncomfortable for the Liverpool defence.
36min: Head in hands stuff from Mark Hughes as he watches his side miss out on scoring from a set-piece.
Pieters' free-kick from the left is flicked on by Bojan towards the far post but Peter Crouch doesn't have the legs there to make a crucial touch.
34min: That was close though! Emre Can shoots across goal towards the top corner from 25 yards out, and it only just clears Jack Butland's crossbar.
Ibrahim Afellay tries his luck at the other end but his effort only warrants ironic cheers rather than gasps from the crowd.
31min: Well one third of the job is done for Liverpool. No goals conceded equals a place at Wembley and I'm starting to think we won't even have a shot on target the way this match is going...
28min: Stoke have improved in the last 10 minutes and survive a minor injury scare as Walters is up and running again having gone down appearing to need some treatment. Still no shots on target, folks...
25min: First yellow card of the game and it's a straight forward one for the referee Jon Moss to give as Marc Muniesa chops down James Milner, making his 550th senior appearance, on the touchline.
'Not the cauldron you would expect for a semi-final at Anfield and maybe it has something to do with nervous tension.
'Stoke have been playing excellent football recently but tonight they are powering everything forward, aiming to exploit Liverpool's defensive frailties.
'Jack Butland's first inclination is to pump balls up to Peter Crouch. So far the tactic has not troubled Liverpool unduly.'
22min: Chance for Stoke! It's a long ball but it's a skilful one from Erik Pieters who spots a fabulous run from Jon Walters.
The Stoke forward gets in behind the defence but his shot across goal just creeps wide.
20min: Of course slow and non-eventful suits Liverpool down to the ground and they are controlling this game right now even if they are not showing too much of a threat.
17min: Well this really is a slow old start. Still no shots on target - not even a real half-chance to speak of as Marko Arnautovic plays a rather hopeless pass forward and wide.
14min: First real moment in front of goal and it comes from Stoke who create a shot on goal only for it to be blocked behind for a corner - which Liverpool clear. There's a first for everything...
12min: Still no chances but a show of respect from the Liverpool fans who applaud after 12 minutes for Owen McVeigh, with the 11-year-old having sadly passed away from leukaemia recently. There's even a banner for the Reds fan.
9min: There is the expectant Stoke long ball, but it's not Crouch that is the target, it's Marko Arnautovic on the left.
The forward brings the ball down well on control but eventually concedes a free-kick for a foul on Jon Flanagan.
6min: Stoke need the goals but it's Liverpool looking most likely to get them in these early moments. The visitors can't piece together their passes, not helped by Liverpool's intense pressing, as Adam Lallana darts past Glen Johnson before seeing a dangerous cross headed clear.
3min: Even enough start and Stoke are actually rather content to keep the ball on the ground at the start of this match.
Not always the best option as Glen Johnson's poor squared pass on the halfway line is cut out but Liverpool fail to properly build a counter attack from it.
Remember to get the most out of our live coverage by following all the action with Sportsmail's excellent Match Zone.
It features the latest line-ups, formations, match stats and a handy player comparison tool.
In addition there are heat zones for EVERY player as well as detailed maps of all the goals as they go in. Click on the above link for more.
The Kop is covered with flags from the home supporters and there is hardly a spare seat inside the house as the teams are greeted on to the field.
The Stoke fans are making sure they are heard though - booing the start of 'You'll Never Walk Alone.'
'Peter Crouch has shown decent form and we need that outlet he gives,' Mark Hughes told Sky Sports. 'He has great experience and I think he is the right choice tonight.
'We have to look at strengths and weaknesses, we do that with every opponent. We think we have good threats and we need to win.'
'It's a big challenge tonight, and not because of Peter Crouch starting,' Jurgen Klopp told Sky Sports. 'Jon Walters will be dangerous on the right and they will play long balls.
'We must fight for the second ball. They have changed their plan a bit. It may be a heading festival!
'Nobody knows if Jon [Flanagan] can play 90 minutes. He's ready for everything. [Nathaniel] Clyne is not available as he has a knock on the knee. It's not too serious.'
Jurgen Klopp should beware of the League Cup curse... seven out of the last 10 bosses to win it quickly lost their jobs
JOE BERNSTEIN: Jurgen Klopp, Mark Hughes, Manuel Pellegrini and Roberto Martinez will be going all out to reach the Capital One Cup final this week – but history shows it might be the worst thing for their careers.
In six of the last nine seasons, the triumphant managers to have lifted the trophy have all left their clubs within months. In Jose Mourinho's case, it's happened twice.
The Capital One Cup might represent a great day out at Wembley for supporters and fleeting glory as medals are collected, but evidence suggests it really doesn't satisfy club owners for very long.
'This is a bigger match for Liverpool, they've got to start winning trophies again,' Sportsmail's Jamie Carragher told Sky Sports.
'Get a trophy in the bag, get the monkey off the back and look at top four for the future.'
Having finally made his comeback in the win over Exeter in the FA Cup, Jon Flanagan is handed his first Liverpool start since May 2014 as one of two changes in Jurgen Klopp's team.
Adam Lallana also comes into the side as Nathaniel Clyne and Jordon Ibe drop out the team who won 5-4 at Norwich City on Saturday.
Stoke City meanwhile make four changes, with Peter Crouch starting against his former side.
Marc Muniesa, Bojan Krkic and Marko Arnautovic also start as Ryan Shawcross, Xherdan Shaqiri, Joselu and Mame Diouf are dropped from the team who lost 3-0 at Leicester City on Saturday.
Liverpool: Mignolet, Flanagan, Toure, Sakho, Moreno, Lucas, Can, Henderson, Milner, Lallana, Firmino.
Subs: Ward, Lovren, Benteke, Allen, Ibe, Teixeira, Smith.
Stoke City: Butland, Johnson, Wollscheid, Muniesa, Pieters, Whelan, Afellay, Walters, Bojan, Arnautovic, Crouch.
Subs: Haugaard; Bardsley, Joselu, Wilson, Van Ginkel, Adam, Shaqiri.
Referee: Jon Moss
Butland, Johnson, Wollscheid, Muniesa, Pieters, Whelan, Afellay, Walters, Bojan, Arnautovic, Crouch.
Mignolet, Flanagan, Toure, Sakho, Moreno, Lucas, Can, Henderson, Milner, Lallana, Firmino.
Although Lucas looks like he has packed for a weekend away rather than a football match. Full team news should be on the way shortly.
The other semi-final sees Everton hold a 2-1 advantage over Manchester City heading into the second leg at the Etihad Stadium tomorrow.
So as it stands it could be an all Merseyside final at Wembley...tasty.
Click here for more fixtures, tables and results with our excellent Match Zone
Liverpool only need a draw at Anfield to secure a place in the Capital One Cup final thanks to Jordon Ibe's strike in the first leg at the Britannia Stadium.
Of course that means Stoke City have to win this evening. But they do have one rule on their side - and that concerns away goals.
Should Stoke City win by scoring two or more goals they will progress to their first League Cup final since 1972.
One crucial factor is that unlike in Europe, away goals only count AFTER extra time though. Worth remembering...
And that's not because he has now got some new glasses following the demolition of his previous pair while celebrating Liverpool's 5-4 win at Norwich City on Saturday.
With a 1-0 advantage in the pocket, Liverpool have a second leg semi-final in front of their home fans as they look to seal a Capital One Cup final spot at the expense of Stoke City.
What could go wrong? Well, given Liverpool's defending recently, a lot... maybe an awful lot.
Strap in folks, this could prove a cracker so welcome to Sportsmail's live coverage of Liverpool vs Stoke City.
Follow Sportsmail's coverage of the Capital One Cup as Liverpool host Stoke City at Anfield in the second leg of their semi-final hoping to book a trip to Wembley.
Liverpool have the advantage heading into the Merseyside clash, with Jordon Ibe's strike in the first leg enough to give the Reds a 1-0 win at the Britannia Stadium.
It means Stoke City must win on the night to reach their first League Cup final since 1972 and also deny the Reds a first Wembley visit for four years.
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Baby shower games get your guests mingling, especially if you step up your party game from melted candy bars in diapers and measuring mom-to-be's belly. Try these 10 creative and clever activities to please all your friends and family. Bonus: Add to the fun with these printable party games of bingo, Mad Libs and more!
ABC Baby Book
The prize for this game goes to the mom-to-be, who gets a homemade alphabet book crafted by her guests. Add a book theme (it can even match the shower theme) or give guests free rein to choose what image to draw for each letter. Stop by the cuppacocao blog for a free template and full instructions.
What are your go-to games for baby showers? Post in a comment.
— Katie L. Carroll


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Venus enters Aquarius December 20, 2019 at 1:41 am ET
Venus will be in Aquarius until January 13, 2020.
Now that Venus has left Capricorn, it's time to think about your financial hopes and wishes for the future. However, this can also be a time where spending a lot on flashy and sparkly items is more alluring than usual.
Your relationships to your peers and bringing love to your social life is especially important now. What kind of people do you feel most kinship with? Who makes you feel loved and free? Attracting the right people into your life can work well at this time. This is a placement that attracts admirers. Intelligence is especially attractive.
Looking and feeling a bit more glamorous increases attractiveness. Splurging on makeup and forward thinking clothes is likely to feel more right than ever.Wearing turquoise clothes and jewelry is especially fitting now.
This is a great time to entertain and socialize to meet new people. Those that you feel a strong affinity for are worth considering further. It's a great time to develop friendships and develop a larger network of peers and acquaintances. This is also great if you are looking to raise money for a special cause, especially humanitarian concerns. It's a great time to add more love to the collective consciousness.
Aquarius does love independence though too, so with magnetism and attractions in the air playing hard to get when you want your space could create a conundrum.


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SWEET Savage - Belfast pioneers of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal - are coming home to bring their classic metal sound to the Spring and Airbrake on Friday, 3rd October.
It has been widely noted that it was the influence of the music of Sweet Savage were among those that inspired the young members of Metallica to start the band in the early 80's.
The energy and sound of Sweet Savage proved to be what they were looking for in a band of their own. With Metallica being named as the most inspirational Heavy Metal band in this years Kerrang! Awards, perhaps Sweet Savage could claim the inspiration to the Inspired Award...
Sweet Savage formed in 1978 with band members including Vivian Campbell on guitar, Trev Fleming on guitar, David Bates on drums and Ray Haller on bass and vocals.
In 1980 Sweet Savage released their first single " Take No Prisoners " Which included the NWOBHM classic track " Killing Time " reaching No. 1 in the NWOBHM charts.
During this period they toured Britain with bands such as Budgie, Motorhead, Wild Horses, Wishbone Ash, Ozzy Osbourne. They also toured with Thin Lizzy and was the opening act at the first Slane Castle Concert which included U2 and Thin Lizzy. In fact Sweet Savage was the first act ever to play at Slane!
After recording two further singles ( never released ) Vivian Campbell left the band to pursue other music projects including DIO and Whitesnake, finally settling in as a lead guitarist for Def Leppard after the tragic death of Steve Clark.
It has been widely noted that it was the influence of the music of Sweet Savage that inspired the young members of Metallica to start the band in the early 80's, the energy and sound of Sweet Savage proved to be what they were looking for in a band of their own.
In the late 90's Metallica covered Sweet Savage track "Killing Time" for their Garage Inc. record, after its mainstream release and performance live in concert, there was large interest in music of Sweet Savage and as a result the band released 2 new studio records. The first full length studio release was 1996's Killing Time, the second release was 1998's Rune, both of which were brought out on UK label, Neat Metal Records. Despite this initial success, the band later split up.
Sweet Savage has now reformed, as a favour to a promoter and since then things have unexpectedly began to bloom for the boys, the current lineup included two of the founder member and is in full: Ian Wilson on guitar, Trev Fleming on guitar, Jules Watson on drums and Ray Haller on bass and vocals.
As well as being invited over to London as special guests of Saxon as part of their St George's day celebrations, Sweet Savage have been playing some of Europe's Premier music festivals.
If you are don't remember them from first time arouund (I'm old enough to remember a raucous Queen's set and some excellent Belfast Hall support slots) and are into no nonsense Heavy Metal then Sweet Savage is the band to see!
Wednesday, September 03, 2008
Savage coming home
Labels: Budgie, Metallica, NWOBHM, Ozzy, Sweet Savage, Thin Lizzy
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The MTV VMAs happened on Aug. 30 and was definitely an event that the world watched on repeat. A particularly pop-cultured based evening, star host Miley Cyrus laid everything on the line, just like her performance with Robin Thicke during the 2013 VMAs. The VMAs are an event that goes through rigorous rehearsal and planning but sometimes, live shows like these, leave audiences shocked.
The evening kicked off with a high octane, tribal-infused performance by rapper Nicki Minaj and closed with a surprise performance by the host. Everything in between was just pure craziness, something very common in the VMA world.
If you didn't watch the yearly awards show, you can catch up with our 10 craziest moments from this year's MTV VMAs.
10 Taylor Swift and Kanye - Apology Or Not?
Taylor Swift and Kanye's feud, or beef as some like to say, was resolved after the two hugged it out and the female superstar presented Kanye West with the VMA's prestigious Video Vanguard Award.
Kanye seemed to apologize for ruining Swift's 2009 VMA award win, only to question - yet again - why Justin Timberlake and CeeLo didn't win the award in her stead. If that wasn't enough, he also questioned MTV's process when awarding the video of the year to Swift back in 2009.
9 Taylor Swift and Nicki Minaj - New BFFs
Another Taylor Swift-involved beef was resolved Sunday night. Nicki Minaj opened the show with a tribal performance of new single Trini Dem Boys and The Night Is Still Young. Taylor rose from the ground and audiences screamed at home and at the event. Taylor joined Nicki to perform the last bit of Minaj's performance and then gave a little homage to her song Bad Blood - a representation of the resolved bad blood between the two.
When the VMA nominations came out, Nicki took to twitter to campaign for her own nomination as she thought she got snubbed. What ensued was a heated back and forth between Taylor and Nicki over a complete misunderstanding.
8 Miley's Outfits
Miley definitely gave everyone something to talk about after the event when she took the stage multiple times, dressed in different, yet equally strange outfits. Everything from bubbles to the pride flag were on her body at one point during the night. Even afterwards, she had literally nothing on her body when she was caught flashing the camera back stage.
To start the award ceremony, Cyrus quipped that the VMA producers chose her to host the event so as to prevent her on-stage shenanigans. Guess she proved them wrong!
7 Bieber Breakdown
Justin Bieber took to the stage to sing (but mainly to dance) to his single "What Do You Mean" as well as the hit "Where Are U Now," a collaboration between him and Jack U. After performing at the VMAs for the first time in 5 years, Justin broke down on stage following his performance.
He was then taunted and teased by Miley right after. Given Cyrus's behavior all night, what else did you expect?
6 Macklemore's "Downtown" Performance
Only mere days after debuting their double-drop single Downtown accompanied by a music video, Macklemore and Ryan Lewis took to Downtown, Los Angeles to perform "Downtown"- how clever. Bringing rap icons into the mix, Macklemore stunned everyone with the 5 minute performance and had everyone talking about it afterwards.
So how shocking was his performance? A photo of Kanye West visibly expressionless is currently circulating the internet.
5 Demi Lovato Is Cool For The Summer
4 The Weeknd Can't Feel His Face
The Weeknd killed his VMA performance with fire - almost literally. In a ring of fire while dancing to his smash single Can't Feel My Face, The Weeknd gave everyone in the audience a chance to dance it out - particularly Taylor Swift.
Unlike the other performers of the evening, The Weeknd went solo on stage, providing one of the more authentic performances in recent VMA history.
3 A$ap Rocky and Twenty One Pilots - Collaboration
The trio sang and rapped their way into the audience's hearts with their performance at the VMAs this year. Bringing a simple approach to the stage direction, A$ap Rocky and the Twenty One Pilots both gave reason for a lengthy applause following their 6 minute performance. Their performance once again goes to show how rap and rock can unite.
2 Nicki vs Miley
Probably the most iconic thing to happen this year was Nicki awkwardly took the time from her speech for best Hip Hop video to bash Miley on live TV. A beef that scared the employees so much that they took liberties to try to get them away from each other, fearing they might actually physically fight. Nicki called out Miley saying "Back to this B**** who had a lot to say about me in the papers the other day. Miley what's good?"
The beef spawned from an interview where Miley called Nicki a bad person after being prodded with the question about the fight between Nicki and Taylor.
1 Kanye For President
Kanye took home the Video Vanguard Award and gave a speech instead of a performance. In the past, artists like Justin Timberlake took the 15 minute slot to perform a medley. Just last year, Beyonce killed her VVA award with a medley of her surprise album.
Instead, Kanye decided to take the full 15 minutes to apologize and to vindicate himself from everything that everyone thinks of him. And after the 15-minute, swear-filled speech, Kanye said that he would run for president in 2020 before dropping the mic and walking offstage. Oh Kanye.


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NAFDAC destroys N1 billion estimated fake drugs
As part of efforts to sanitised the drug and other regulated products, the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) yesterday destroyed fake, substandard and expired drugs estimated at N1 billion at Shagamu dump site, Shagamu, Ogun State.
The agency's Acting Director-General, Mrs Yetunde Oni, who led the exercise, said the action would help to curb the menace of fake drugs in Nigeria.
Oni, who was represented by the Director, Investigation and Enforcement, Kingsley Ejiofor, said some of the products were seized by the agency investigation and enforcement directorate in Lagos and its environs while others were handed voluntarily to NAFDAC by some firms between December 2014 and last month.
She described drug counterfeiting as an act of economic sabotage and terrorism against public health.
Nigerians, she said, should be watchful of drugs, food and other regulated product they buy, especially as they go into the
Easter season., adding that suspicious activities should be reported to the agency.
She praised the agency for ensuring that a counterfeiter was sentenced to seven year jail term without an option of fine.
"We commend the judiciary for its support in the protection of public health," Oni said.
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