text:
From: eLinux.org
Memory Type Based Allocation
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Purpose of Feature
- 3 Feature Requirements
- 4 High Level Design
- 5 The MTA Config File and the Mtaconfig Script
- 6 Page Fault Exception Handler
- 7 Allocating Pages
- 8 Default Page Allocator
- 9 Allocating Pages With a Node List
- 10 Kernel API's
- 11 User API's
- 12 Tracing MTA with Linux Trace Toolkit
- 13 Additional Information
This specification describes the design for a Linux kernel memory manager that can locate a program's executable code and data in different physical memory devices.
Purpose of Feature
Embedded systems can use this feature to locate a program's text and data segments in specific memory devices. Shared library text and data segments can also be targeted to specific memory devices. For instance, frequently executed code, such as glibc or "ls", could be located entirely in a single specified memory device or a set of memory devices. Glibc text/data could be targeted to a fast static RAM bank for instance, while other less frequently referenced libraries and programs could be located in slower DRAM.
Feature Requirements
- All of a program's segments must be locatable in specified memory devices: text, initialized data (data), unitialized data (bss), heap (brk), and stack.
- The loadable segments of shared libraries (text and initialized data) must be locatable in specified memory devices.
- The ELF binaries of programs and shared libraries must contain memory device information for each of the binaries' loadable segments (text and initialized data). This must be in the form of mnemonic strings. For instance: "SRAM", "SDRAM", etc.
- A tool will be provided to mark the ELF binaries with memory device information for each of the loadable segments.
- A kernel API must be provided for kernel code (such as device drivers) to allocate whole page frames from specified memory devices.
- A kernel API must be provided for kernel code to allocate memory using the slab allocator (kmalloc()) from specified memory devices.
- A user-level API must be provided for User program's to create mappings, using the mmap() system call, that will allocate page frames for the mapping in specified memory devices.
- A /proc filesystem interface must be provided that prints the kernel's node configuration.
High Level Design
Memory devices in Memory Type Based Allocation (MTA) are based on discontiguous memory support. Traditionally, discontiguous memory is meant for platforms whose system memory is not contiguous in the physical memory map. Discontiguous memory in Linux in turn is based on Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) nodes. Each discontiguous memory bank is represented by a NUMA node. Therefore in MTA memory devices are also synonymous with NUMA nodes. Note: to execute a user program directly out of ROM, such as flash, requires a totally different approach from that described here.
To understand MTA, it's best to first describe the memory device type information contained in the ELF binary of programs and shared libraries. Then we describe how memory nodes are configured in the kernel. We then follow the path and morphing of the memorytype data from its source (the ELF binary) until it reaches the lowest level: when its used to allocate a page frame for the process during a page fault exception.
Memory Type Information in ELF Binaries and the Elfmemtypes Utility
In MTA, memory device type information is added to the ELF binaries of programs and shared libraries using the elfmemtypes utility. This information is then passed down to the mmap() and brk() calls to create new memory regions for the process. The elfmemtypes tool adds memory type information by adding a new NOTE section with the name ".memtypes" to the ELF binary. It does this by forking and running objcopy as follows:
objcopy --add-section .memtypes=[temp binary file] [ELF file]
The memory type mnemonic strings specified to the tool are copied to a temporary file, and that file is passed to objcopy, which copies the temporary file's contents to the new .memtypes section. Currently, the elfmemtypes tool allows specifying memory types for the text segment and data segment. The text segment includes code and read-only data sections, and therefore all these sections will be allocated to the memory types specified for text. Likewise, the data segment includes initialized data (data) and uninitialized data (bss), so all these sections will be allocated to the memory types specified for data. Also, although there are no heap (brk) and stack sections defined for ELF binaries, heap and stack regions for the new process currently use the memory types specified for data. A future enhancement will be to allow data, bss, brk, and stack regions to have their own memory types. The command line arguments to the tool are as follows to mark an ELF binary:
elfmemtypes [ELF file] [{text|data} [space-seperated list of mnemonics]]
An example command line might be:
elfmemtypes /bin/bash text SRAM SDRAM0 ANY data SDRAM1
In the example, /bin/bash is marked so that its text segment will have physical memory allocated to it from the memory node named SRAM. If allocation from SRAM fails, allocate from SDRAM0. If allocation from SDRAM0 fails, allocate from any available node. Finally, /bin/bash is marked so that its data segment only allows allocation of physical memory from the memory node named SDRAM1. A more detailed description of the algorithm for allocating physical pages using the above memory node lists is discussed later. Note that the mnemonics ANY, any, text, and data are reserved names, i.e. they cannot be used for memory type mnemonic names. If a .memtypes NOTE section already exists in the ELF file, the memory types specified in the section will be left undisturbed unless they are overriden on the command line. For example, if the existing .memtypes NOTE section lists memory types for both text and data, but the command line specifies only data memory types, the existing text memtypes will be left unchanged, but the data memtypes will be modified. The elfmemtypes tool can also be used to display the current memory type information in an ELF file, or clear out all memory types information from the file. The command line forsuch cases is as follows:
elfmemtypes [ELF file] [{show|clear}]
(or just elfmemtypes [ELF file] to display the current memory type information). When clearing an ELF file, elfmemtypes simply removes the .memtypes NOTE section by forking and running objcopy like so:
objcopy --remove-section=.memtypes [ELF file]
Note that a non-MTA configured kernel or non-MTA aware ld.so can still load ELF executables and shared libraries that contain a .memtypes NOTE section, since this section will just be ignored. Note also that elfmemtypes does not check whether a memory type name corresponds to any kernel node names. This is because the tool is meant to be a cross tool as well as a native tool. As a cross tool, elfmemtypes has no way of knowing the node names of the target kernel. See the "load_elf_binary()" section below to see how the kernel handles unknown memory mnemonics in the .memtypes NOTE section. As a native tool, it is possible for elfmemtypes to compare memory mnemonic names with kernel node names by reading /proc/nodeinfo (described later), and this could be a future enhancement. The structure of the new .memtypes NOTE section in the ELF file added by the tool is shown below:
typedef struct elf32_memtypes_note {
Elf32_Nhdr nh;
char note_name[16];
Elf32_Word num_text_strings;
Elf32_Word text_string_size;
Elf32_Word num_data_strings;
Elf32_Word data_string_size;
char memtype_strings[0];
} Elf32_MemTypesNote;
The nh member contains the NOTE header, note_name is the name of the NOTE ("memtypes"), and the rest specify the number and total size of the text and data mnemonic strings. The member memtype_strings then marks the start of the null-terminated mnemonic strings, beginning with text. The data strings immediately follow the text strings, so the data strings begin at &memtype_stringstext_string_size.
The MTA Config File and the Mtaconfig Script
The MTA config file (and its associated parsing script mtaconfig) is used for two purposes: defining nodes for building an MTA-enabled kernel, and marking ELF binaries with memory types for text/data. The MTA config file syntax defines two keywords for these purposes.
define_node keyword
To define nodes for configuring a kernel, use the following MTA config file line:
define_node [name] [start physaddr] [end physaddr] [0|1]
- name is the mnemonic name for the node.
- start physaddr is the starting physical address for the node, in hex.
- end physaddr is the end physical address for the node, in hex.
- 0|1 is a flag, 1 means allow allocation from this node when no list of nodes to allocate from is provided to the kernel page allocator. This flag is described in more detail later.
An example line in the config file might be:
define_node SRAM 20000000 2002E000 0
which defines a node with the name SRAM to be located between 0x20000000 and 0x2002E000 physical, and do not allow default page allocation from this node.
Node ID numbers are assigned in the order the define_node keywords appear in the config file. So if the above line was the first define_node line in the file, SRAM would be assigned node ID 0.
The mtaconfig script will output a C header file that can be used when compiling the kernel. For this purpose it is called as follows:
mtaconfig [MTA config file] makehdr
This command is used by the kernel Makefile's when confuring an MTA kernel. If the makehdr argument is not specified, define_node keywords in the config file are ignored and no header file is produced.
The content of the C header file produced by mtaconfig is an array of structures containing the same information as the define_node lines in the MTA config file. Each entry in the array is of type struct mta_node, and is defined as follows:
struct mta_node {
char * name;
unsigned long start;
unsigned long end;
int allow_def_page_alloc;
A macro in the generated header file called INSTANTIATE_MTA_NODES will instantiate the mta_nodes[] array. This is done in mm/numa.c in the kernel source.
tag_elf keyword
The second use for the MTA config file is to mark ELF binaries in a target file system with memory type information. This is simply a convenience, it allows a file system's memtypes configuration to be described in a single location, instead of having to invoke the elfmemtypes tool many times to configure the file system.
Use the following line to mark an ELF binary with memory type info:
tag_elf [ELF file path] [{text|data} [comma-seperated list of mnemonics]]
Notice that the command line is almost identical to the elfmemtypes tool command line, except that the memtypes list is comma-seperated rather than space-seperated. Also, text and data lists can be seperated on different lines. An example config file entry might be:
tag_elf /target_root/bin/bash
text SRAM,SDRAM0,any
data SDRAM1
The command line to the mtaconfig script to process the tag_elf lines is as follows:
mtaconfig [MTA config file] tag
The script will call the elfmemtypes tool once for every tag_elf line found in the config file. Unlike the elfmemtypes tool, mtaconfig can check if the memory type names correspond to any kernel node names, because the node names are listed in the MTA config file itself. If any memory names listed on the tag_elf line have not been defined in a define_node line up to this point in the config file, mtaconfig prints an error message and skips tagging the ELF file. Finally, a file system's memtype information can be completely cleared out with the following command line:
mtaconfig [MTA config file] clear
The script will call the elfmemtypes tool with the clear argument once for every tag_elf line found in the config file.
The function load_elf_binary() is an implementation of the load_binary() method of the linux_binfmt object, for ELF binaries. It is called by do_execve() when loading a new program for execution.
The job of load_elf_binary() is to read the executable file's program segments, and pass that segment info to do_mmap() for every loadable segment program header found, which then actually creates the file mapped regions. Loadable program headers are of type PT_LOAD.
For MTA, load_elf_binary() also locates and reads the .memtypes NOTE section containing the memory types list. It then converts the mnemonic names to node ID's and passes that information to new functions do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist(). The node ID's are inserted into a structure of type struct node_list and a pointer to the structure is passed to do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist(), and is described later.
If any of the mnemonic names listed in the .memtypes NOTE section do not match any of the kernel's node names, the node list is disabled for that segment (text or data). That is, the text/data memory region will not have node preferences, and will have pages allocated for that region from any available node.
Load_elf_interp() is called by load_elf_binary() when the latter function discovers a program header of type PT_INTERP. This header describes the interpreter program that is to be used to dynamically load the shared libraries that the program requires.
It's the job of load_elf_interp() to load the segments of the interpreter itself, so that when the program begins executing, the interpreter is actually the first code to execute.
For MTA, load_elf_interp() locates and reads the NOTE section containing the memory types list from the interpreter binary, converts the list to node ID's, and passes that information to do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist(). Just like load_elf_binary(), the node info is inserted into a structure of type struct node_list (described later).
The Program Interpreter (ld.so)
Ld.so is actually the first piece of code to execute when a new program runs. Ld.so runs in user space, and it's job is similar to load_elf_interp(). It loads (maps) the text, data, and bss segments of every shared object listed in the main program.
For MTA, ld.so reads the NOTE section containing the memory types list of every shared object binary, and passes that information to a new mmap_memtypes() system call. The memory types list passed to mmap_memtypes() is a buffer holding the null-terminated memory type mnemonic strings. The mmap_memtypes() system call is described in more detail later.
Because ld.so is part of glibc, a new version of glibc is required to load shared objects in the correct nodes.
The method that converts memory type mnemonics to a node list is memtypes_to_nodelist(), and it has the following interface: void memtypes_to_nodelist(struct node_list * nl, char * names, int size);
The names argument is a pointer to a buffer holding a packed list of null-terminated mnemonic strings. That is, each null-terminated string starts immediately after the previous string's null-termination character in the buffer. The size argument is the total size of the buffer in bytes, including the null characters. The buffer must be a kernel buffer, it cannot be a user-space buffer. If any of the names in the buffer do not match any of the kernel's node names, the node list is disabled by setting nl->depth to zero (see next).
The node_list Object
The struct node_list object is defined as follows:
struct node_list {
unsigned int nid[MAX_NR_NODES]; /* ID of nodes to alloc pages from,
in order of preference */
unsigned int depth; /* number of entries in above list */
The number of entries in the node list is limited to MAX_NR_NODES, which is the maximum number of nodes a system could contain, currently set at 16. Therefore depth must be less than MAX_NR_NODES. A depth of zero is valid, meaning the node list is empty or disabled.
In addition, each entry in nid[] must be a valid node ID, i.e. it must be in the range 0 to numnodes-1, where numnodes is the number of nodes in the system.
The following method checks these conditions, and returns -EINVAL if any are false:
check_nodelist(struct node_list * nl);
All of the kernel methods that take a node list as input (such as do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist()) call check_nodelist() to verify that the node list is valid. The section "Kernel API's" below describes how each method behaves when given an invalid node list.
do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist()
Load_elf_binary(), load_elf_interp(), and ld.so convert the .memtypes NOTE section from the ELF binary into a node list via memtypes_to_nodelist(), and pass the resultant struct node_list object to the new methods do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist(). From this point on in the data flow of memory type information, the memory types are in the form of node ID's rather than mnemonic strings.
do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist() have the same arguments as the original do_mmap() and do_brk(), with the addition of the struct node_list pointer.
The primary job of do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist() is to instantiate a new memory region descriptor for the requested range of program adddresses. In Linux the memory region descriptor is an object of type struct vm_area_struct, and is commonly referred to as a "VMA" (Virtual Memory Area).
In MTA, the node list information is added to the VMA with a struct vm_node_list vm_nodes member. The struct vm_node_list object contains a node list as well as information important to the VMA, and is defined as follows:
struct vm_node_list {
struct node_list nl; /* the node list */
unsigned long pgstart; /* if this node info belongs to a file mapping,
the start page offset in the file */
unsigned long pgend; /* and end page offset */
unsigned long flags; /* unused */
Two struct node_list object's are also added to a process' memory map descriptor (struct mm_struct), one each for the process' text and data regions (member names text_nodes and data_nodes in struct mm_struct).
After the new VMA is instantiated, do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist() copy the passed struct node_list object to the VMA, but only if the node list is valid as indicated by check_nodelist() (see Kernel API's below).
If the passed struct node_list pointer is null, or the list is empty (depth is zero), do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist() check to see if text_nodes or data_nodes in the calling process' struct mm_struct are enabled (depth is non-zero). If so, do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist() copy to the VMA either text_nodes or data_nodes depending on whether the region being mapped is text or data. This ensures that, even if the mapping doesn't pass a node list, the new region will still use any node preferences listed by the executable.
With the creation of the VMA, the program is now allowed to reference addresses within the memory region described by the VMA. However, no actual page frames for the region are available yet. The job of allocating page frames for the program's memory region goes to the Page Fault Exception Handler. This is part of Linux's demand paging mechanism: memory pages are allocated to the program only as they are needed (referenced) by the program.
The important point here however, is that the memory regions contain the node ID's needed by the page fault handler, so that it can allocate pages in the correct nodes for the region. This is described later.
Setup_arg_pages() is called by load_elf_binary() to create the memory region for the program's stack, which includes the program stack and also the argument strings to the program and environment variables that the program inherited. When setup_arg_pages() instantiates the new VMA for the stack region, it simply copies the struct node_list data_nodes from the memory descriptor to the new VMA.
However, there is one small glitch. Before load_elf_binary() was even called, in do_execve(), pages were already allocated for the argument and environment strings. These pages were allocated using the default node round-robin approach (because no node info was known at that time), so the pages almost certainly were not allocated from the correct node for the stack region. Therefore setup_arg_pages() needs to allocate a new page in the correct node for every page already allocated, copy the page contents from the old to new page, and then release the old page.
Page Fault Exception Handler
When the program references a valid address within one of the program's memory regions, a page fault exception occurs if the address is not yet listed in any of the process' page tables. The page fault exception handler goes about allocating pages for the faulting region, and creates the page tables that point to the new page.
For MTA, the exception handler will allocate the page from the correct node as described in the faulting region's vm_node_list object. This includes allocating pages in all of the following situations: anonymous mappings, private and shared file mappings, and copy-on-write pages for private mappings.
Allocating Pages
At the lowest level of page allocation, the buddy system page allocator _ _alloc_pages(), is passed a node descriptor pointer of type pg_data_t. This descriptor contains information related to the NUMA node, such as the number of "memory zones" contained in the node, the pointer to the start of the struct page * list of pages contained in the node, the start physical address of the node memory, and the node ID.
_ _alloc_pages() is used by both the standard/default page allocator _alloc_pages(), and by the MTA page allocator alloc_pages_nodelist(). Internally, _ _alloc_pages() attempts to allocate pages atomically (without blocking the calling process). If that fails and the _ _GFP_WAIT bit is set in gfp_mask, it "rebalances" the memoru zone within the node, and attempts the allocation again. If that fails, it blocks the calling process and yields to the kswapd daemon. When _ _alloc_pages() returns from kswapd, it returns NULL to allow either _alloc_pages() or alloc_pages_nodelist() to try again with a different node (the default non-MTA behavior is to again attempt to allocate pages from the same node in an endless alloc-kswapd loop until it succeeds).
Default Page Allocator
The default page allocator is _alloc_pages(). It attempts to allocate from any available node in a round-robin manner. This method has been slightly modified for MTA. Each configured node in MTA includes a flag specifying whether _alloc_pages() is allowed to allocate pages from that node. This flag can thus be used to reserve an entire node only for MTA allocation. An example use might be a node containing a very small number of physical pages. By reserving the node only for MTA allocation, it guarantees that it will only be used to allocate pages for process memory region's that specify node lists, or for any caller of alloc_pages_nodelist() (described next).
Allocating Pages With a Node List
A wrapper function is provided to _ _alloc_pages() called alloc_pages_node(), which takes as arguments the node ID of the memory node to allocate the pages from. It's interface is:
struct page * alloc_pages_node(int nid, unsigned int gfp_mask,
unsigned int order);
Alloc_pages_node() in turn is used by the MTA allocator, alloc_pages_nodelist(). It is this latter method that the page fault exception handler uses to allocate pages using the node information described by the struct vm_node_list object in the faulting VMA. It's prototype is:
struct page * alloc_pages_nodelist(struct node_list * nl, int gfp_mask,
unsigned int order);
The function is written so that plenty of opportunity is given for allocation from the first choice node (nl->nid[0]) to succeed if the gfp_mask includes the _ _GFP_WAIT flag. Note that if _ _alloc_pages() returns NULL when the _ _GFP_WAIT flag is set, it means kswapd was allowed to run, and therefore pages may have become free in the first choice node, so we should try again.
Alloc_pages_nodelist() accomplishes this behavior with an outer and inner loop (see the flow chart below for an illustration of the algorithm). The outer loop increments from zero to nl->depth, and the inner loop increments from zero to the current outer loop index. The inner loop attempts to allocate a page from nl->nid[j], where j is the inner loop index. The function returns on the first successfull page allocation. As described above, the underlying buddy system allocator, _ _alloc_pages(), will first attempt atomic allocation from the node, and if that fails, will yield to kswapd to free up pages, and then return NULL back to alloc_pages_nodelist().
As an example, suppose we have a node ID list containing {3,1} (nl->depth is 2), and the _ _GFP_WAIT flag is set in gfp_mask. Assuming alloc_pages_nodelist() ultimately fails, it will attempt allocation from the nodes in the following order: 3 3 1 3 1. In other words:
- kswapd runs after allocation from 1st choice node 3 fails.
- retry node 3 - fails again (kswapd runs again).
- try alloc from node 1 (2nd choice node) - fails (kswapd runs).
- retry first choice node 3 - fails again (kswapd runs).
- retry node 1 - fails again and giveup (return NULL).
It is also possible to attempt allocation from the first choice node many times by repeating the node in the node list. For example, with a node ID list containing {3,3,1}, alloc_pages_nodelist() attempts allocation from the nodes in the following order before finally failing: 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 1.
Note that if the _ _GFP_WAIT flag is not set, the inner loop is collapsed, and each node in the list is tried in sequence with no retries. So given the node list {3,3,1} from the example above, alloc_pages_nodelist() attempts allocation from the nodes in the following order before finally failing: 3 3 1.
Kernel API's
Allocating Whole Pages, alloc_pages_nodelist()
Device drivers or other kernel code that wish to allocate whole memory pages from a specific node can call alloc_pages_nodelist() directly. If the caller has a list of mnemonic strings, it must first convert the strings to a node list with memtypes_to_nodelist() before calling alloc_pages_nodelist().
For sake of speed in allocating pages during page faults, alloc_pages_nodelist() does not call check_nodelist() to check the validity of the passed node list. Instead, it does the following (refer to the flow chart above):
- if depth is greater than MAX_NR_NODES, fail immediately (return NULL).
- in the inner loop, if the current node ID in the list is invalid, skip this entry and move on to the next ID in the list.
Note that the passed node list will never be invalid if alloc_pages_nodelist() was called as a result of a page fault or a slab allocation, because kmalloc_nodelist(), do_mmap_nodelist(), and do_brk_nodelist() all check the validity of the list beforehand.
Slab Allocator, kmalloc_nodelist()
Device drivers or other kernel code that wish to allocate memory of arbitrary size from a specific node can make use of a new interface to the slab allocator, kmalloc_nodelist(), which takes as an extra argument a pointer to a struct node_list object. It's prototype is as follows:
void * kmalloc_nodelist (struct node_list * nl, size_t size, int flags);
There is also a new slab interface that allows creation of a new cache that includes a node list:
kmem_cache_t * kmem_cache_create_nodelist (struct node_list * nl,
const char *name, size_t size, size_t offset, unsigned long flags,
void (*ctor)(void*, kmem_cache_t *, unsigned long),
void (*dtor)(void*, kmem_cache_t *, unsigned long));
The new cache can then be used when allocating objects by passing it to kmem_cache_alloc(). The new objects will be allocated from the nodes listed in the cache objects node list.
Both of these new methods perform the following checks on the passed node list:
- if the node list pointer is NULL, or the list is empty, the new slab object or cache will not have any node preference.
- if the node list is invalid as indicated by check_nodelist(), both methods fail, returning NULL.
do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist()
Kernel code that wishes to create new mappings for a process can call do_mmap_nodelist() or do_brk_nodelist() directly. The current prototypes are identical to the original do_mmap() and do_brk(), with the addition of a node_list pointer as the last argument.
If the passed node_list pointer is non-NULL and enabled (depth is non-zero), but the list is invalid as indicated by check_nodelist(), the mapping fails, and both methods return -EINVAL.
User API's
Mmap_memtypes() and brk_memtypes()
These new system calls are implemented to allow creating memory maps from user space with node information. They essentially provides user-level access to the kernel methods do_mmap_nodelist() and do_brk_nodelist(). The prototypes are the same as the current system calls, with two additional arguments:
void * mmap_memtypes(void *start, size_t length, int prot,
int flags, int fd, off_t offset, char * memtypes,
int memtypes_len);
int brk_memtypes(void *end_data_segment, char * memtypes,
int memtypes_len);
The memtypes argument is a pointer to a user buffer holding a packed list of null-terminated strings. The strings represent the memory type mnemonics, and their order in the buffer is the order of node preference for the region. The memtypes_len argument is the total size of the user buffer in bytes.
Note that these new libc functions are not reserved by the POSIX standard. Applications that use them have to be compiled with -D_GNU_SOURCE.
The new syscalls are also used by the dynamic linker (ld.so) in MTA-aware glibc, to create the maps for a program's shared libraries. The following checks are made on the arguments passed to mmap_memtypes() and brk_memtypes():
- If the memtypes buffer pointer is NULL, or if memtypes_len is zero, the new mapping created will not have any node list preference, i.e. it will be as if the regular mmap() and brk() syscalls were used.
- If the copy of the user buffer to kernel space fails (for instance the memtypes pointer is invalid), the mapping fails.
- There is an upper limit of one page (4096 bytes) on the user buffer size. If memtypes_len is greater than PAGE_SIZE, the mapping fails.
- If any of the memory type mnemonic names in the memtypes buffer do not match any of the kernel's node names, the new mapping created will not have any node list preference.
- The usual conditions exist on the remaining arguments (for instance, for a file mapping the file descriptor must refer to a valid open file).
/proc Interface
There are two new entries in the /proc file system.
The first is /proc/nodeinfo, which lists the node configuration of the kernel, including the name, physical address range, and whether default page allocation is allowed, of each configured node.
The second is an extension of the Memory Accounting tool. If the kernel config option CONFIG_MEMORY_ACCOUNTING is enabled along with CONFIG_MEMTYPE_ALLOC, a new proc entry, /proc/[pid]/nodemap will be available. The information is similar to the Memory Accounting Tool' s /proc/[pid]/memmap, except that instead of displaying the page usage counter for every resident page in each region, the node ID of resident pages are displayed. Pages for a region that are not yet resident are shown with a dash character "-".
In other words, for every line (region) printed by /proc/[pid]/maps, /proc/[pid]/nodemap also prints a line, showing the node ID of resident pages for that region.
Tracing MTA with Linux Trace Toolkit
Important MTA events are captured by the run-time creation of Linux Trace Toolkit (LTT) custom events for MTA. The following events are defined in include/linux/vmnode.h, and are called at the appropriate locations in the kernel where the corresponding events occur:
An ELF executable or ld.so was loaded containing a .memtypes NOTE section.
Entry to mmap_memtypes system call with a non-empty memtypes buffer.
Entry to brk_memtypes system call with a non-empty memtypes buffer.
- TRACE_MTA_MMAP_NODELIST do_mmap_nodelist() was called with a valid node list.
- TRACE_MTA_BRK_NODELIST do_brk_nodelist() was called with a valid node list.
- TRACE_MTA_KMALLOC_NODELIST kmalloc_nodelist() was called with a valid node list.
TRACE_MTA_KMEM_CACHE_CREATE_NODELIST kmem_cache_create_nodelist() was called with a valid node list.
A group of contiguous pages were allocated for a slab cache object containing a node list.
A page was allocated for a copy-on-write, for an anonymous or file mapping containing a node list.
A page was allocated and placed in the page cache, for a file mapping containing a node list.
With these events, it's possible to trace MTA-related activity from the time a program was loaded, to the creation of its memory map, down to the allocation of memory pages for the program. The events can also trace the creation of new slab caches containing node lists, down to allocation of pages for the cache objects.
Additional Information
Porting MTA to other Architectures
At this time, only the ARM OMAP1510 Innovator platform has MTA support. To port MTA to other architectures:
- First of all, the architecture must support discontiguous memory.
Add the CONFIG_MEMTYPE_ALLOC option to arch/[arch]/config.in if CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM is defined. See arch/arm/config.in for example.
Add system call entry points for sys_brk_memtypes() and old_mmap_memtypes() and define their syscall numbers. See arch/arm/kernel/calls.S and include/asm-arm/unistd.h for example.
Implement old_mmap_memtypes() (sys_brk_memtypes() is implemented in generic kernel code in mm/mmap.c). See arch/arm/kernel/sys_arm.c for example implementation.
Configure the system's memory nodes using the start and end physical addresses of each node in the mta_nodes[] array. How discontiguous memory nodes are initially configured is very architecture specific. See include/asm-arm/arch-omap1510/memory.h, arch/arm/mach-omap1510/innovator.c, and arch/arm/mm/init.c for an example of how this is done for ARM and the Innovator platform.
In ELF binaries, the first file page offset of the initialized data segment is usually the same file page offset as the last page of text (the end of text and start of data share the same page). Because of this, the same allocated page frame in the kernel's page cache is shared between the last page of text and the first page of initialized data. Therefore, if the program references the last page of text after it references the first page of data (which is usually the case), the last page of the text region will be located in the node of the data region, not in the text's node.
The Innovator's SRAM is very small, and page allocations from SRAM will begin to fail very quickly. The text segment of ld.so happens to just barely fit in SRAM. Even then, the kernel will attempt to allocate a cluster of pages for a region instead of only one during a file mapping page fault, and if that many pages are not free in SRAM, the cluster allocation will fail.
Future Enhancements
- Expand maximum allowable nodes beyond 16.
- Allow separation of data/bss/brk/stack segments into different nodes.
- For native elfmemtypes tool, check mnemonic names against /proc/nodeinfo.
- Copyright 2002, 2003, 2004 Sony Corporation
- Copyright 2002, 2003, 2004 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
- Copyright © 2002?2004 by MontaVista Software.
Source Code
linux-mta-041004.tar.bz2 is a kernel soruce archive including MTA. Please someone isolate MTA funtion from the tarball. MTA util and mta-glibc-2.2.5.patch are also available.


text:
Please check the address bar in your browser to make sure the website address displayed is spelled and formatted correctly.
Otherwise, this page may be temporarily unavailable, its name may have changed, or it may have been removed.
If you believe there is a non-functioning link or tool on this site, please notify us at email@example.com. To help us assist you as quickly and effectively as possible, please mention your browser type and any error messages you encounter.
Helpful Resources
© 2012 Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
1425 K Street NW #800, Washington, DC 20005
phone: 800-487-1497 (Toll-Free) / 202-379-2200 | fax: 202-379-2299 | email@example.com
We welcome your feedback and invite you to complete a brief 5-question survey to help us improve your experience on CFP.net.
It's easy to participate and will take less than 2 minutes:
Click the "Yes" button below to continue your visit on CFP.net as intended. When finished, simply retrieve and complete the questionnaire that will appear in a new browser window.
Quick Links
Find a CFP® Professional
Verify Certification
Get Certified
Create an Account | Log In
Apply for the CFP® Exam
Center for Financial Planning
Career Center
Find CE Programs
Brochures & Publications

subset: commoncrawl


text:
By Michelle Andrews of Kaiser Health Network
We encourage organizations to republish our content, free of charge. We don't require much.
For those who need to know the legal underpinnings of using our content, we make it available under the Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license. Here's what we ask:
You must credit us as the original publisher, with a hyperlink to our site: Kaiser Health News. If possible, please include the original author(s) and "Kaiser Health News" in the byline. If you'd like to explain more about who we are, please use: "a national health policy news service that is part of the nonpartisan Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation." You may use our logo when linking to or posting materials on your site: Download high-resolution .PNG file
Please preserve the hyperlinks in the story.
It's important to note, not everything on khn.org is our original content or available for republishing. If a story is labeled "All Rights Reserved," KHN cannot grant permission to republish that item.
Have questions? Let us know at firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Principal Proposed Uses
Sulforaphane is a chemical found in broccoli sprouts, as well as other cabbage-family vegetables such as broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, and kale. Some evidence hints that sulforaphane might help prevent cancer.
Sulforaphane is not an essential nutrient. It is found in especially high levels in broccoli sprouts.
Therapeutic Uses
Numerous observational studies have found that a high consumption of vegetables in the cabbage family is associated with a reduced risk of cancer, especially breast, prostate, lung, stomach, colon, and rectal cancer. 1 On this basis, scientists have looked for anticancer substances in these foods. Sulforaphane is one such candidate substance ( indole-3-carbinol , I3C, is another). In test-tube and animal studies , sulforaphane exhibits properties that suggest it could indeed help prevent many forms of cancer. 2-23
However, it is a long way from such studies to reliable evidence of benefit. Observational studies are notoriously poor guides to treatment, sometimes leading to conclusions that are the reverse of what is ultimately found to be correct. 24,25 The problem is that they can't show cause-and-effect—they only show association. It is possible, for example, that people who consume more cabbage-family vegetables share other traits that are responsible for reduced cancer rates. Consider the history of hormone replacement therapy. In the 1990s, scientists had concluded that estrogen prevents heart disease, based largely on observational studies that showed menopausal women who use hormone replacement have lower heart disease rates. When double-blind , placebo-controlled studies were performed, however, they showed that hormone replacement therapy actually increases heart disease risk. For all we know, we could be making a similar mistake with cabbage-family vegetables.
Certainly, it is too great a leap to jump to one constituent of such vegetables and advocate that substance for preventing cancer. Thousands of substances show anticancer properties in the test tube and fail to pan out in real life. The beta-carotene story is another instructive example. Not only did observational studies show that people who consume foods high in beta-carotene have less lung cancer, test-tube studies found that beta-carotene has anti-cancer properties. However, subsequent large double-blind studies found that beta-carotene supplements do not help prevent lung cancer, and might even increase risk.
The bottom line: At present, we cannot recommend sulforaphane for preventing cancer.
Therapeutic Dosages
The proper daily intake (if there is any) of sulforaphane is not known. Typical recommendations range from 200 to 400 mcg daily.
Safety Issues
No major adverse effects have been reported with sulforaphane supplements, but comprehensive studies have not been performed. Maximum safe doses in young children, pregnant or nursing women, or people with severe liver or kidney disease are not known.
NOTE: Sulforaphane has shown the potential for interacting with numerous medications. 26 For this reason, we recommend that people taking any oral or injected medication that is critical to their health or well-being avoid using sulforaphane supplements until more is known.
Interactions You Should Know About
If you are taking any medication that is critical to your health, do not take sulforaphane supplements except under physician supervision.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO CAM Review Board
- Review Date: 12/2015 -
- Update Date: 12/15/2015 -


text: This collection contains materials published in Pennsylvania dealing with Pennsylvania history, biography of notable Pennsylvanians, Pennsylvania organizations and geography; and personal paper sub-collections including correspondence and ephemera of Pennsylvanians involved in the development of shorthand, in the American Civil War, and in Philadelphia's Main Line history. This collection also includes health statistics related to Pennsylvanians. Digitization Status: Ongoing.Show/hide more info.


text:
Fast Mache
Quick Hardening Formula Celluclay is a new fast setting formula for those times when you don't want the extended drying times. Still non-toxic, still 100% safe in every way. Just add water. Suitable for larger pieces and techniques requiring quick set up times. Fast Mache is especially suited for kids 3D work and is perfect to use for all of your kids projects at school. Minimal shrinkage. Air dry. Durable, paintable, and carvable when dry. Dries bright white.
?Ask a question about this product
Average User Rating: Based on (4 Reviews)
Ruthann J. from Rio Medina, TX says:
An easy to use product that gives excellent results! I use it for making myh otiginal doll-heads and have had wonderful results!
Share this Product
Enter Quantity & Click 'Add to Cart'
Please wait...
You May Also Like...
How to get VIP Club Prices
Anyone can be a VIP Member with:
Only $25/year
Learn More »
Tips For Your Question
Your email will not be shared. We will only use your email address to respond to your question. When asking your question, please be as descriptive as possible, it will allow us to give you the most accurate answer possible.


text:
Ian Parker and friends piano recital at Lord of the Mountains Lutheran Church in Dillon today
Ian Parker, 19, a Summit High grad and son of Sam and Paula Parker, will be performing a piano recital at Lord of the Mountains Lutheran Church in Dillon today beginning at 4 p.m. Parker is a student at the University of Denver. He has been playing the piano for 12 years and has attended several festivals and competitions, earning Top Performer on numerous occasions.
Parker started studying the piano in second grade with teacher Adrienne Sielaff, and subsequently in college with Alice Rybak and Heidi Leathwood. He hopes to graduate from a five-year program with degrees in music, Spanish and a master's in education.
Parker is also a Puksta Scholar through the University of Denver's Center for Community Engagement and Service Learning (CCESL). His work with CCESL includes programs aimed at the betterment of music education for all age groups and demographics. When Parker is not in school or practicing the piano, he races his bicycle for the University of Denver's club cycling team.
Start a dialogue, stay on topic and be civil.
If you don't follow the rules, your comment may be deleted.


text:
There's no shame in asking simple questions. The shame is in being too simple to understand the answers.
Use this control to limit the display of threads to those newer than the specified time frame.
Allows you to choose the data by which the thread list will be sorted.
Order threads in...
Note: when sorting by date, 'descending order' will show the newest results first.
Forum Rules


text:
Pay Per Click Advertising
Attracting new customers using paid ads on search engines, social sites and more.
Digital Media Planning & Buying
Finding & engaging with your most valuable prospects (wherever they are online!)
Search Engine Optimisation
Getting you to the top of the search results with best-practice SEO techniques.
Social Media Marketing
Using social to get real business results across Facebook, Twitter and the latest social channels.
Conversion Rate Optimisation
Turning more visitors into customers by improving your site's performance.
Content Marketing
Positioning your business as an industry leader with professional and authoritative content.
Email Marketing
Engaging with existing customers for proven results, no matter your industry.
Digital Consulting
Getting the strategy right from the start, resulting in better outcomes across the board.
What's right for me?
We can help you find the perfect solution
Some of our most recent and popular resources
Five Best Practices to Optimise Your Google Shopping Campaigns – Yotpo's Complete Guide
Reload Media Wins B&T Award for Best Digital Services 2019
Reload Media Among the First Marketing Agencies to Join the Shopify Plus Partner Program
Why Every Ecommerce Business Should Be Using Video
Top 5 Takeaways from INBOUND 2019
Brisbane Shopify Meetup Highlights – August 2nd
The Future of Commerce from Shopify Unite
Some of our most recent media exposure and news


text:
photo 1 of 38
Matt Serra
Training: Cardio in the morning, Sparring, Wrestling or Jiu-Jitsu in the evening.
Getty Images reserves the right to pursue unauthorized users of this image or clip. If you violate our intellectual property you may be liable for: actual damages, loss of income, and profits you derive from the use of this image or clip, and, where appropriate, the costs of collection and/or statutory damages up to $150,000 (USD).


text:
Because the number of influenza cases has significantly increased throughout the region, children age 12 and under may not visit patients effective Wednesday, January 8. This applies to all Wake Forest Baptist inpatient locations and will remain in effect until the number of flu cases decreases significantly.Learn More.
The happiness and love that your first baby brought into your life is beyond measure, and now you're thrilled to learn you are expecting another child. Although you've been through pregnancy and childbirth before, you now have added responsibilities and considerations in order to prepare for your second child.
Preparing for a second child can be as rewarding and special as the first time. Helping your older child understand what to expect can lessen anxiety for both of you, and being aware of the changes to come is the best way to prepare for this joyous event.
Having a second child and handling two kids can be a bit overwhelming at first. Getting organized before the baby is born is your best bet, even though that might be a bit more challenging than it was the first time around.
Because your time will be restricted, you'll be busier — your once organized schedule may be stretched to the limit. Sleeping and meal schedules will fluctuate and will depend on the age of your older child.
You also might tire more easily, even before the baby is born, since caring for your older child while pregnant takes a lot of energy. After the birth, the first 6 to 8 weeks can be particularly demanding, because your main job will be trying to get your infant on a feeding and sleeping schedule, while anticipating your older child's needs and changing emotions.
One positive change that a second child brings is an increased confidence in your own abilities, knowledge, and experience. The things that seemed so difficult with your first child — breastfeeding, changing diapers, handling illness — will seem like second nature to you instead of a full-blown crisis.
Bringing home a new baby will affect you in many ways — some physically and others emotionally. Increased exhaustion and mild anxiety is a normal occurrence after having a child.
The "baby blues" can be frightening, but you don't have to endure feelings of depression alone. Talk to your doctor about your symptoms. It's important to differentiate between a simple case of the "baby blues," which usually passes within a few weeks, and postpartum depression, a serious disorder that can lead to mood and sleep problems if untreated. If you begin to feel very depressed or anxious, or have thoughts about harming yourself or your baby, seek the help of your doctor immediately.
Physically, you are likely to be sore and very tired, particularly if you had a difficult birth or cesarean delivery. This makes late-night feeding sessions tough, especially if you have decided to breastfeed.
Seeking the help of a postpartum doula during the day can allow you to catch up on sorely needed rest and sleep. A postpartum doula is a specially trained woman who cares for mother and baby during the first couple of weeks after delivery.
If you work outside the home, you might be unsure about the future of your career. Making a decision about whether to return to your job is an important one; enlist the support of your family and friends when weighing all of your options.
Don't be surprised if you feel concerned about bonding with your new child. You might worry about whether you'll have just as much love for your new arrival as you do for your older child. You will — as moms and dads often report, a parent's love somehow doubles when another child is born.
You can expect to have little or no time for yourself during the first few months following delivery. Sleepless nights and everyday tensions can be overwhelming, so be sure to make "alone time" a priority for you.
Likewise, you and your partner will notice that you're rarely spending time together, so be sure to have an occasional date once things settle down.
Your first child may experience a range of emotions, from excitement to jealousy or even resentment. Younger toddlers are unable to verbalize their feelings, and their behaviors may regress after the new child is born. They might suck their thumb, drink from a bottle, forget their recent potty training skills, and communicate using baby talk in an effort to get your attention.
Older toddlers and kids might express their feelings by testing your patience, misbehaving, throwing tantrums, or refusing to eat. These problems are usually short-lived, and a little preparation can help an older child adjust to the idea of welcoming a new sibling.
Emphasize the important role an older sibling plays. Some tips to try:
The arrival of a new baby brings big changes to older kids, so you might want to hold off on introducing other major changes. This is probably not the best time to start toilet teaching, to begin the transition from bottle to cup, or to enroll your child in a program that means separation from you for the first time. Consistency will help make your child's adjustment easier.
Siblings play a very special role in a new baby's life, so don't leave your older child out of the decision-making. So much attention (new furniture, clothes, toys) is lavished on a new baby, making it easy for older kids to feel overlooked. Reassure yours by encouraging participation in the preparations.
To help manage the added responsibilities of a second child, try these tips before the big day comes:
Once everyone gets used to the reality of another child, you can all enjoy the many positive aspects of a larger family.
Reviewed by: Larissa Hirsch, MD
Date reviewed: October 2013
© 2019 Brenner | Site Policies & Statements
The information on this Website is for general informational purposes only and SHOULD NOT be relied upon as a substitute for sound professional medical advice, evaluation or care from your physician or other qualified healthcare provider. If you have a medical problem or a health-related question, consult your physician or call Health On-Call at 336-716-2255 or 1-800-446-2255.


text:
- Furniture
- Bedding
- Pillows & Throws
- Rugs
- Window Coverings
- Bath & Beauty
- Backpacks & Luggage
- Decor & Accessories
- Storage
- Lighting
- Dorm
All Clearance
At PBteen, we've thought of everything. We make it easy to turn an ordinary bedroom into a trendy space where you feel totally comfortable. Start out picking the bed that matches your personality the best. Our beds are stylish and are great for creating a customized look. That way you can make your room feel retro and sophisticated. Or, if you want a bright and open atmosphere when you wake up in the morning, choose furniture with a white finish and smooth lines. Decorate your room with distinctive wall art to put your personal touch on things.
For even more flexibility and comfort, use attractive duvet covers and sheet sets. Bright tones are always a good idea, and interesting motifs really spice things up. It's not hard to find the colors you need to complement your wall paint and room accents. Keep several different styles on hand so that you can switch decor whenever you feel like it. Another great way to add touches of color anywhere is with decorative pillows and throws. Of course, having a warm throw is also good for cool mornings. That way, you don't have to get completely dressed just to eat breakfast or watch TV. If you want to keep yourself extra toasty and chic, check out our selection of slippers and PJ's.


text:
Newtown kids to be featured on E! Grammy preshow
A group of children from Newtown, Conn. who recently recorded a version of "Over the Rainbow" are preparing for a live appearance during the E! Network's Grammy Awards preshow on Sunday.
"American Idol" host Ryan Seacrest will be flying a crew to Connecticut and plans to interview the children via satellite during the E!'s "Live From the Red Carpet" preshow, said Tim Hayes, who co-produced the recording.
The children also will be singing Carly Rae Jepsen's hit song, "Call Me Maybe," he said.
The group of 21 kids, some of whom attend Sandy Hook Elementary School, recorded "Over the Rainbow" last month with singer-songwriter Ingrid Michaelson at the Fairfield, Conn., home of Chris Frantz and Tina Weymouth, two former members of the Talking Heads and Tom Tom Club rock bands.
- Complete Coverage: The 55th annual Grammy Awards
- Complete coverage of the Grammy Awards at CBS.com
- Super Bowl 2013: Sandy Hook choir, Jennifer Hudson perform "America the Beautiful"
Sabrina Post, who runs a performing arts school in Newtown and directs the group, said the kids wanted to do something with their talent to honor their friends and neighbors who died in the Dec. 14 massacre at the school, and help the community heal.
"This opportunity to do something positive lets the kids know that although a lot of things happen in our world that are not pleasant, like this that happened with us in Newtown, there are many giving people and wonderful things that can come out of life, so don't get discouraged," she said. "It teaches them to use their gifts to work through things."
The children also have sung the song on ABC's Good Morning America and at a benefit concert that featured artists such as Paul Simon and Johnny Winter. Some of them are also appearing on Katie Couric's syndicated show this month, Hayes said.
He said they have no plans to record anything else, or have the kids make any more public appearances.
"We know the kids involved have had a wonderful experience, but we think this chapter is now done, and we want these kids to get back to being kids," he said.
Copies of their version of "Over the Rainbow" are being sold on Amazon and iTunes.
The proceeds from the download of the single benefit the United Way of Western Connecticut and the Newtown Youth Academy. The nonprofit sports center opened free programs to Newtown children after the shooting and hopes to expand free programming.
The Grammy performance follows Sunday's appearance by another group of Newtown children at the Super Bowl.
Jennifer Hudson joined a chorus from Sandy Hook Elementary School to sing "America the Beautiful" before the game. The emotional performance had some players on the sideline on the verge of tears.


text:
Marker Nibs
by Copic
Standard nibs for Copic markers can be replaced.
Used by manga artists, designers, and architects.
?Ask a question about this product
Be the first to write a review on this product!
Share this Product
Why is the VIP Price not displayed for this product? MisterArt.com's goal is to provide our customers the lowest prices on all products we sell. Some manufacturers restrict retailers from displaying or promoting certain products at any price lower than a Minimum Advertised Price (MAP). It is MisterArt.com's policy to offer these products at their MAP price as our Non-Member Price. VIP Members will see the VIP Price after adding the product to the cart without any purchase obligation.
Enter Quantity & Click 'Add to Cart'
Please wait...
You May Also Like...
How to get VIP Club Prices
Anyone can be a VIP Member with:
Only $25/year
Learn More »
Tips For Your Question
Your email will not be shared. We will only use your email address to respond to your question. When asking your question, please be as descriptive as possible, it will allow us to give you the most accurate answer possible.


text:
Take a look at our huge selection of Pop! Vinyl Figures, Action Figures, Construction Toys, Mini-Figures, Prop Replicas, and Statues!
Halo is a popular series of science fiction, 1st-person shooter video games developed by Bungie Studios and published by Microsoft. The games are set in the "Halo universe"-- a science fiction universe created by Bungie Studios exclusively for the series. Halo: Combat Evolved quickly became known as the 1st "killer application" for Microsoft's Xbox video game console when it was released in 2001, achieving both critical acclaim and financial success. Combat Evolved was later published on the PC and finally released for the Mac (for which it was originally developed prior to Microsoft's buying developer Bungie). In 2007, Halo 3 set a record by making 170 million dollars in its 1st 24 hours of sales.
|McFarlane Toys
|Product Type:
|Action Figures
|All Ages


text:
From: 2002Interests: foreign cultures, food & drink, outdoorsy stuffTiki Central Profile
I've ceased purchasing mugs unless I find them "in the wild" at a great deal or a good friend of mine designed the mug.
Mugs are being offered up to new homes. Sharing the joy.
New to Ooga-Mooga?
Learn how to get your mug collection in Ooga-Mooga -- it's fast & easy!


text:
Detroit Tigers tickets
Detroit Tigers tickets
We carry a great selection of Detroit Tigers tickets. Whether you are looking for a night of luxury, or looking to have a great time on a budget, we have the right Detroit Tigers tickets for you! See below for a full list of scheduled Detroit Tigers tickets. To purchase tickets, please click "View Tickets" or give us a call at 855-315-1603
SAVE 5% OFF YOUR Detroit Tigers TICKETS TODAY USE DISCOUNT CODE (5OFF)
Imagine the lights dimming, everything gets quiet for a moment. You've waited for this moment for awhile now. You've purchased Detroit Tigers tickets awhile back, counting down the days until you get to see Detroit Tigers live. The wait makes it even more special. Maybe you've been Detroit Tigers fans since you were a child, or recently just became one. The thrill of the lights coming up and the stadium filling with noise makes you realise you've purchased seats in the best place possible. You clearly bought Detroit Tigers tickets at the right place to make this such a memorable moment to cherish forever.
That's what we're known for. Finding you the best seats at the best prices, all in a safe buying atmosphere, so all you have to do is count down the days and enjoy your experience. We pride ourselves on repeat business and know that you will enjoy your experience buying Detroit Tigers tickets from us today.
What are you waiting for? Buy your Detroit Tigers tickets today.
Detroit Tigers TICKET GUARANTEE
We guarantee all Detroit Tigers tickets sold on this site 100%. We guarantee that your tickets are authentic, that they will arrive on time, and that your seats are together. For any questions you may have regarding your Detroit Tigers tickets, please call 855-315-1603 and we will happily assist you in any way possible!
Related Teams
NL West
Related Venue Tickets
Related City Tickets


text:
Effective Study Habits For College Students – 5 Surefire Tips
If you want to succeed in college, there are various essential good study habits that you need to have. Whether you are looking for the crucial senior or a beginner to boost productivity, the following tips will help any college student to raise his or her grades and also get on that respectable honor roll.
Stay Organized
Good college students should always keep a well detailed calendar that has all his or her commitments which include social events, extracurricular activities and class work. Having your class materials organized is also one of the most vital tips any college student should acquire. For you to remember how to keep your returned assignments, remember textbook pages that are important and also make some flashcards for the key terms.
Prioritize Your Time
A student can devote himself or herself to studying during the day for so many hours, no matter how short the day may seem. It is very important for a student to prioritize his time in every study session and even before you begin your studies. Begin with the tough assignments and material that you have for the study time. Most people find it easy to open to the tough material during the start of the session. You then get tired as the session wears and that is when you will want to spend your time on the material that you understand or at least have the basic tasks to finish an assignment or a project.
Do Not Cram
It is usually not easy to retain information, when you attempt to get everything during the last minutes. Pacing yourself is one good habit of studying. It is better to study in small amounts everyday rather than piling up all the work for the last week to your exams. To help do this make sure you do not chat on any social media during study time on class time. During or before an examination starts, all you have to do is to have a review of the short notes that you have been making during your daily studying. In any way, do not attempt to Cram.
Do Not Over Study
If you are the type of student who even camps out in the library, this could mean that you are doing more work than you should. Many students think that over-studying is probably impossible. Time management for all college students is one of the most important and essential study tips to keep in mind. Avoid mastering the useless information during a lecture and focus on the key ideas. If you feel you are not sure, ask your lecturer to see that you are practicing healthy study habits.
Always Ask For Help
Most students who are undecided about what they want to do end struggling with it. You may find that most students find it hard it to keep up with one or two classes maybe because the math is too advanced or the lecturer is too hard on them. As a student you should not let this frustration or fear of failing get the better part of you. Instead you should always ask for help from your fellow students from time to time or even your instructor. You have the right to ask any school sponsored tutor programs if you do not get the help you need from your instructor of fellow students. Accepting that you do not know a concept and seek help will help you pass your exams rather than not having any knowledge about that concept.
The above are just some of the tips to help a college student pass exams. As time goes by most students will realize how important these tips are. Following these simple tips may be the road to your successful career.


text:
You have no items in your shopping cart.
Bugaboo Accessories
We have been trading as a limited company since July 1989. B & H Distribution Limited. t/a Groovystyle, Company Reg number 2546433. We are a family run business and most of our staff have children, so hopefully we know our stuff.
Large stock holding
Great prices
Great customer service
Great aftersales
Call Us 01442 872888


text:
Hire a car with Europcar in Pampanga and discover its surroundings with mobility and flexibility. By choosing Europcar online for Pampanga car hire, you can benefit from our preferential online pre-paid rates. Europcar works with premier car manufacturers to ensure the best in quality and safety.
Our vehicles at the Pampanga car hire stations are recent models and each hire car is inspected and cleaned at the end of every hire.
Book your Pampanga car hire in 5 easy steps: /p>
1) Select the Pampanga car hire station that is most conveniently located for your trip from the list below. A click on the link "zoom to location" will centre map on the selected car hire station in Pampanga. /p>
2) Once you've found the station where you would like to pick-up your Pampanga car hire, click on the "Book" button. You'll then be directed to our booking page with the car hire station details pre-filled. /p>
3) Select the date when you will pick up your car hire in Pampanga. Then choose the return date and location. /p>
4) Select your hire car from our comprehensive choice of makes and models – from small to large, budget to luxury. Then add any extras (e.g. additional drivers, child seat, navigation systems) for your Pampanga car hire. /p>
5) Choose to pay online or on arrival at the station and confirm your car hire booking for Pampanga.
Latest deals on car hire in Pampanga. Great prices on your Pampanga car hire when you book and pay online
No matter why you're traveling to Pampanga, you can count on our fleet of new hire cars to get you there in comfort.
Whether you're looking for a small or medium car, an MPV or roomy family car, a luxury vehicle or an automatic, our friendly staff at our Pampanga branches can assist you. Book your vehicle online with Europcar today.
Same smart app. More mobility.
Download the Europcar mobile app for iPhone, iPad and Android now!
@ Europcar 2019


text:
Front Screen Outer Glass Lens for iPhone 7 Plus(White)
|2+ units
|5+ units
|10+ units
- Description
- Bulk Rate
- Payment & Shipping
- Write a Reviews
|(Retail) 1
|2 - 4
|5 - 9
|10 +
Small Bulk Order Discount:
Small bulk order discount is in order to offer customer more discount and lower price when each item quantity be more without any additional charge.
Our quantity rate is very small, you can get bulk discount even only buy 2 to 10 pcs, you get the discount from 2% to 30%, our system will update the price according to the quantity you choose in your cart.Large Volume Wholesale Order
Large volume wholesale order, we will offer even better quotation. Pls give us the Item # you want and exactly qty or requirements, we will reply you with lowest quotation in time
Get large volume quotation, Pls contact our Wholesale Dept:
1. We accept money by PayPal.
2. We'll send the order to your PayPal address when you make payment, please make sure the PayPal address is correct.
3. Normally order will be send out in 1 working day when payment received. if product out of stock, it will be take more 1-2 days to get in stock.
Shipping Method
We support multiple shipping methods.
Air Mail - No Tracking # (Free):
15-25 working days arrive
Air Mail - With Tracking # ($1.99):
15-25 working days arrive
3-5 working days arrive, Russia and Ukraine are not available
If you need other shipping methods for special requirement, please contact us by sending an Email to firstname.lastname@example.com, we will give you a reply in 48 hours.


text:
Siya namkela nonke, welkom, isibingelelo to all South Africans in Jakarta! Searching for other South Africans in Jakarta? Looking for reliable and useful insider tips from fellow South Africans for example, where in Jakarta can I find a South African restaurant? Or where in Jakarta can I find some bobotie?
Join InterNations today and become a member of our Jakarta community. By becoming a member, you will join our active group of South African expats, coming from all corners of South Africa, from Cape Town, Johannesburg, Durban, and many more.
Attend our monthly events and activities and join various interest-based groups to get to know like-minded expatriates and fellow South Africans in Jakarta.
Get trustworthy advice and local insights from fellow South Africans in our Jakarta expat forums.
InterNations is the perfect place for South African expats in Jakarta to find the help and resources they have been looking for. The "Big Durian" will soon become your new home with our InterNations community - we help you to take full advantage of your new life here!
Our Jakarta community is also very active offline. Our members get to enjoy a range of events and activities on monthly and weekly basis, e.g. a great dinner at Jakarta's fanciest restaurant organized by our InterNations Ambassadors, or a weekend trip to explore Indonesia's unique vibe. These events and activities are a perfect and casual way to get in touch with fellow South African expats in your city and South Africans in Indonesia. Interested? Simply sign up for membership and join the ranks of our South Africans living in Jakarta.


text:
Introduction to Programming with Lists
Last week, I described the fundamental data structure in Lisp. This data structure is similar to the C++ pair library template, except that it is dynamically typed. To recap, it entails five operations, which I have given C++like names rather than Lisp-like names:
- For any values
y, pair(x, y)is a single value that contains
first(pair(x, y))is
second(pair(x, y))is
ispair(x)is true if and only if
xis a
nilis a special value that is not a
pair, and is not equal to any other value.
Because we are assuming that we are working in a world in which values never change after being created, we will also assume that each of these operations runs in
O(1) time, regardless of the complexity of their arguments. The reason for this latter assumption is that there is never a need to copy an immutable value; rather, we can use a pointer to stand in for the value to which it points. In order for these data structures to be useful, we will also assume that there are values, such as integers, that are neither
pairs nor
It should not take too much thought to realize that the data structure I have just described is a binary tree. However, much of the time, Lisp programmers don't think of the data structure that way. Instead, they restrict themselves to a particular subset of binary trees, which they call lists. We can define a list this way:
A list is either
nil or a
pair whose
second element is a list.
So, for example,
pair(x, nil) is a list regardless of the value of
x, because it is a
pair whose second element is the list
nil. Similarly,
pair(x, pair(y, nil)) is a list, as is
pair(x, pair(y, pair(z, nil))), and so on. However,
pair(nil, x) is a list only if
x is
nil. In other words, a list is a tree on which successive calls of
second yield a
nil-terminated sequence of lists.
These restricted trees appear in so many contexts that Lisp has an abbreviated notion for them:
(x y z) is an abbreviation for
pair(x, pair(y, pair(z, nil))). If we view a list in this way, we can see that there is a natural way of talking about its length — so we can try our hand at writing a function that computes the length of a list:
int length(x) { int n = 0; while (x != nil) { x = second(x); ++n; } return n; }
This isn't quite a C++ program because of
x's dynamic typing, but you should get the idea. If
x is
nil, we return 0; otherwise, we follow the
second elements as far as we can and count how many times we did so.
Oops! This program violates our original assumption that all values are immutable. Let's try again:
int length(x) { if (x == nil) return 0; return length(second(x)) + 1; }
I find this function easier to understand than the earlier one, despite the recursion, because it is easy to verify that its results are correct. The length of
nil is obviously zero, and the length of a non-
nil list is equally obviously one more than the length of its
second part. However, this simplicity comes at a cost: The function makes a recursive call for each element of the list.
We can remove that cost by rewriting the function to use tail recursion:
int length_aux(x, n) { if (x == nil) return n; return length_aux(second(x), n + 1); } int length(x) { return length_aux(x, 0); }
Readers must decide for themselves whether this rewrite is easier to understand than the original iterative version.
This example should start to give a feel for what it's like to program with immutable lists. Next week, I'm going to show how to implement two algorithms that are part of the C++ standard library:
sort and
reverse. Between now and then, I invite you to think about how to do so.


text:
All-time greatest U.S. track and field stars
The U.S. has had many great moments on the Olympic track. Take a look back at some of the greatest U.S. track and field stars.
Jim Thorpe
Born on May 28, 1888, in Shawnee, Okla., Jim Thorpe is considered one of the greatest track and field athletes of all-time. When he attended the Olympics in 1912, he took first place in the decathlon and the pentathlon, as well as fourth place in the high jump and seventh in the long jump. However, Thorpe was caught playing semi-pro baseball in 1911, so his medals were revoked from his possession up until nearly 30 years after his death. After Stockholm, Thorpe played professional football and baseball, making his way into the U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame in 1983.
Jesse Owens
German dictator Adolf Hitler attained a propaganda success when it was decided that the 1936 Olympics would be hosted in Berlin. During the Games that year, track and field contender from Danville, Ala., Jesse Owens, came out on top. When Owens won four gold medals in the long jump, 100m, 200m and the 400m relay, Hitler stormed out of the Olympic Stadium so he wouldn't have to congratulate Owens on his victories. Despite Hitler's dissatisfaction with the achievements the athlete made, Owens proved himself to be one of the greatest track and field athletes of all-time.
Bob Mathias
Coming from the small town of Tulare, Calif., 17-year-old Robert "Bob" Mathias made a big name for himself at the 1948 Olympic Games. He was not only the youngest in history to win the gold medal in the decathlon, but also earned himself the title of the nation's top amateur athlete when he received the 1948 Sullivan Award. Mathias wasn't just successful in the Olympic Games, but in football as well. When he attended Stanford University, he played as the team's star fullback. Consequently, when he scored himself another spot at the Olympics in 1952, Mathias also became the first person to compete in both the Olympic Games and the Rose Bowl.
Wilma Rudolph
When she was just a young girl, Wilma Rudolph's doctor told her that her paralysis due to polio would prevent her from ever walking again. Despite these claims, Rudolph always had faith that she would prove her doctor wrong. One bronze and three gold medals later, Rudolph did just that. After competing in the 1960 Olympics, where she placed third in the 400m relay and first in the 100m, 200m, and 400m relays, Rudolph became one of the greatest track and field athletes of all-time.
Rafer Johnson
After excelling in football, baseball and basketball in both high school and college, Rafer Johnson took his athletic talents to the track. Johnson first qualified for the Olympic Games in 1956, where he took home a silver medal in the decathlon. The track star qualified again in 1960, where this time he took home the gold. In 1960, Johnson received the Sullivan Award as the nation's best amateur athlete. From there he began to work for President John Kennedy's Peace Corps and later became an actor and successful businessman.
Wyomia Tyus
Born in the small town of Griffin, Ga., in 1945, the talents of Wyomia Tyus certainly stood out on the track. In 1964, Tyus earned a spot at the Olympic Games where she placed second in the 4x400m relay and first in the 100m. In 1968, Tyus competed in the Games again, this time placing sixth in the 200m, and first in both the 400m relay and 100m.
Dick Fosbury
High jumper Dick Fosbury is considered one of the all-time greatest track and field athletes after developing what is now known as the "Fosbury Flop." Fosbury first started high jumping when he was in high school. At that time there were only three specific styles being used in the event: the scissors, the straddle, and the belly roll. However, when Fosbury started going over the bar headfirst and backwards while positioning his body parallel with the ground, his jump height improved by nearly a foot. In 1968, Fosbury set an Olympic record using his new technique. To the surprise of many, Fosbury reached a jaw-dropping height of 2.24 meters. Fosbury's "Flop" technique became increasingly popular and is now the approach of choice around the world.
Bruce Jenner
In high school, Bruce Jenner was a sports all-star. He played football, basketball, and track; however he truly proved his proficiency in athletics when he won the New York State championships in two events and received a football scholarship to Graceland College in Iowa that same year. Despite injuring his knee on the gridiron, Jenner would not give up until he made it to the Olympic Games. In 1972 and 1976, Jenner did just that. Competing in the decathlon both years, Jenner took 10th place in 1972 and first place in 1976. His accomplishments even landed him a spot on the cover of a Wheaties cereal box. Today, Bruce Jenner poses as a television personality, motivational speaker, actor, and an author.
Carl Lewis
Track and field star Carl Lewis has a remarkable number of achievements in both jumping and running. His talents are unsurpassed, as he is just one of two athletes to win nine Olympic medals. Lewis first got into athletics when he was in high school. By his senior year, his long jumping skills earned him the rank of No. 5 in the world. The next year, he qualified for his first Olympic Games. Although the Games were not held until 1984, Lewis did not stop working hard. For three years he held the title of No. 1 in the world in both the long jump and the 100-meter relay. When it was finally time for the Games to begin, Lewis showcased his talents yet again. In 1984, he won gold medals in the long jump, the 100m, 200m and the 4x100m relay. When he competed again in 1988 he placed first in the long jump and 4x100m relay. He also placed second in the 200m relay. His third time at the Games, he placed first in the long jump yet again, and took home the gold in the 400m relay. At the age of 35, Lewis competed in the Games one more time. There he won the long jump for his fourth and final time.
Florence Griffith-Joyner
Known for her long, flashy nails and her one-legged running outfits, Florence Griffith Joyner, or "Flo-Jo," is easily considered one of the all-time greatest track and field athletes. "Flo-Jo" has achieved greatness both on and off of the track. During her first Olympic Games, she placed second in the 200m relay. When she competed again in 1988, she placed second in the 1,600m relay, and took home gold medals in three events: the 100m, 200m, and 400m. Outside of the Games, Griffith- Joyner served as the co-chair of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports. She was a spokeswoman for the board who shared her love for athletics with people all around the nation.
Gail Devers
Track and field athlete Gail Devers had more hurdles to overcome then just those on the track. In 1991, Devers was diagnosed with Graves disease, an autoimmune system disorder where one's thyroid is overactive. Her illness even put her at risk of having both of her feet amputated. After radiation treatment, Devers recovered and was finally able to get back on the track. At the 1992 Olympic Games, Devers placed fourth in the 100m hurdles and first in the 100m relay. When she competed again in 1996, she placed first in both of her events, the 100m hurdles and the 100m relay.
Michael Johnson
Before competing in the 1996 Olympic Games, Michael Johnson was primarily recognized as just a 200m sprinter. However, Johnson showed the world he was more than that. In 1996, Johnson became the only male in history to win Olympic gold medals in not only the 200m, but the 400m as well. Today, Johnson is named the best 200m and 400m sprinter in the history of track and field. In 2000, Johnson competed in the Games a second time, placing first in both the 200m and 4x400m.
Jackie Joyner Kersee
Four-time Olympian, Jackie Joyner Kersee, has achieved more than just awards and medals; she also holds five world, and three American, records. At her first Olympics in 1984, she placed second in the heptathlon. In 1988, she place first in both the heptathlon and the long jump. In 1992, she placed third in the long jump and first in the heptathlon. At her final Games in 1996, she placed third in the long jump, coming in at 7.00m. Joyner Kersee's world records are all held in the heptathlon, and her American records are in both the long jump and the 50m hurdles.
Marion Jones
NCAA women's basketball standout Marion Jones, who played for the North Carolina Tar Heels, became an international track star. The U.S. sprinter set a single-Games record for women at the 2000 Sydney Games when she claimed five total medals, including three golds (100m, 200m, 4x400m relay) and two bronze (long jump, 4x100m relay). Later, Jones was stripped of her medals when in 2007 she admitted to using performance-enhancing drugs. She served time in federal prison for lying to federal investigators.
Jeremy Wariner
Born on Jan. 31, 1984, Texan Jeremy Wariner, better known as "Pookie," has worked his way up to one of the all-time greatest track and field athletes. Wariner has won a total of three Olympic medals in his lifetime. In 2004, he won the gold medal in the 400m and 4x400m relays. In 2008, Wariner placed second in the 400m, and first in the 4x400m relays.
Distributed by Internet Broadcasting. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
As the UK's leading cycling and motoring retailer, Halfords is your one-stop shop for exclusive brands in bikes, high quality car parts, and accessories, as well as the latest sat navs, and travelling equipment.
Browse the latest collection of mountain bikes , road bikes ,hybrid bikes and electric bikes plus our great range of kids bikes and scooters . If the shorter day and winter weather is stopping you from enjoying your bike rides, then check out our wide range of cycle clothing, suitable for all conditions.
We pride ourselves in offering the highest quality motoring products , so you can rest assured your vehicle will keep moving. For a small fee our professional colleagues are able to fit car batteries, wiper blades and car bulbs.
If you are planning a getaway then shop touring and camping for a wide choice of roof boxes, camping equipment, and bike racks, as well as TomTom and Garmin sat navs to ensure you safely arrive at your destination.


text:
Art Pencil Art
Giclee Prints
Christmas Cards
Note Cards
Commissioned Art
Contact Us About The Artist News Links FAQS Shows Workshops
Copyright © 1982-2018, Virgil C. Stephens, All Rights reserved. No part of this site, including but not limited to
the original artwork may be reproduced in any format without written permission.
Website design Emily Stephens email@example.com


text:
Daily Reward Bonus - August 2014
As of today (14-Aug-14) we've changed the logic around the ChessCube Daily Bonus rewards:
* Users will now be automatically topped up to 200 Cubits, instead of 100 Cubits per day
* Users who have 176 Cubits or more will get 25 Cubits per day, guaranteeing that everyone starts the day with at least 200 Cubits.
Feel free to use these Cubits to double up your games per day - 200 Cubits now gives you 13 games!
Thanks and regards,


text:
Turbo Air
0 products found
- Turbo Air
- Cabinet Capacity:1 cu ft
As with many manufacturers, Turbo Air has expanded its equipment offering to include a little bit of everything for the commercial kitchen. From refrigeration and air conditioning to cooking and food prep essentials, Turbo Air has you covered when it comes to keeping product cold or prepping foods for a meal. The company continues to innovate using advanced, digitally controlled technologies, and their commitment to high-quality construction is showcased in their easy-to-clean stainless steel offerings. With a desire to be the most respected company in the refrigeration industry, Turbo Air strives to impress customers and improve conditions in the commercial kitchen.
Browse Turbo Air
There are no items to display. Check back later!


text:
Product was successfully added to your shopping cart.
420 Skatestore opened the doors on the first store in Weymouth in March 2015. Selling thousands of products from skate hardware and clothing, to streetwear, footwear, headwear, go pro cameras, graffiti supplies, skins, vaporizers and plenty more.
Read More
Big shoutout to the Leeds shop!!! Brilliant shopping, brilliant service. Can't wait to visit again on our next trip to Leeds!!!
Superb shop !!!!! Great staff and everything you could ever need in stock
Bought few different bits here recently from Weymouth store got some great advice about products and great staff too
Outstanding selection of clothes and the staff were friendly and very helpful.
No products in the cart.
|40s & Shorties


text: Schedule a free in-home Design Consultation with one of our expert Design Associates by using the form below. Your Design Associate will arrive on time in our Mobile Flooring Showroom. Inside the Mobile Showroom we have thousands of flooring choices that make up our carefully selected Mobile Flooring Collection. Your Design Associate will then measure your floors, help you choose the perfect flooring solution for you and will provide you with an estimate.


text:
settlement (109 results)
"settlement " (109 results)
filter your search results by selected keywords
tap the image to start pricing, use lightbox or add to cart read more
PREMIUM 011840171Inca ruins of Pisac, Sacred Valley, Peru1358 1
PREMIUM 011840179The ruins of Pisac, Sacred Valley, Peru1366 0
PREMIUM 011840349Indian village, Maranon river, Peru1536 0
PREMIUM 011180133Panorama of Assisi, Umbria region, Italy677 0
PREMIUM 011840210The ruins of Machu Picchu, Sacred Valley, Per...1397 0
PREMIUM 011650175Tengboche Monastery, Khumbu region, Nepal914 0
PREMIUM 011840215The ruins of Machu Picchu, Sacred Valley, Per...1402 0
PREMIUM 011840218The ruins of Machu Picchu, Sacred Valley, Per...1405 0
PREMIUM 011840226Close-up of the Inca ruin, Machu Picchu, Sacr...1413 0
PREMIUM 011840204Tourist at ruins of Machu Picchu with Huayna ...1391 0
PREMIUM 011180031Ruins of a temple, Valley of the Temples, Agr...575 0
PREMIUM 011180034Temple of Concordia, Valley of the Temples, A...578 0
PREMIUM 011840203The ruins of Machu Picchu with Huayna Picchu ...1390 0
PREMIUM 011180175Monteriggioni, Val d'Elsa, Tuscany, Italy719 0
011840106Pinchollo village, Colca canyon, Arequipa reg...1293 0
011840172Inca ruins of Pisac, Sacred Valley, Peru1359 0
011840174Inca ruins of Pisac, Sacred Valley, Peru1361 0
011840194The ruins of Ollantaytambo, Sacred Valley, Pe...1381 0
011840195The ruins of Ollantaytambo, Sacred Valley, Pe...1382 0
011840319Traditional Indian house, Maranon river, Peru1506 0
Images are processed in accordance with color management rules.
All images offered in the photo stock library are processed in accordance with the principles of Color Management and all photo editing is completed on film scanners and graphic monitors, which are calibrated with professional spectrophotometers. Color adjustments are processed on monitors with minimal chromatic aberration, which achieves that the produced images being faithful reproductions of their original artwork. Each photo is professionally prepared for publishing in RGB color space, the setting of white and black point dot is optimized, while maintaining the tonal range as large as possible. The initially assigned color profile does not undergo any further changes and all conversion losses are minimized. Upon downloading, the client receives a product which is ready for use without having to do any further time and cost-demanding graphics work.
Your choice to download 16-bit high quality image or 8-bit jpg format.
A significant benefit for a client is the option of downloading either the 8-bit version of the selected photo with the usual JPG extension (smaller file size sufficient for web applications or presentations in digital media), or the 16-bit version at the lossless TIFF format. The latter option is of great importance for the more demanding clients when used for high quality printing as it allows a much greater range of adjustments than the 8-bit version of the same image. High-bit depth significantly reduces color distortion resulting from the loss of data occuring when editing photos. The benefits of having images with high color depth can only be realized if such a file is available right from the very beginning of the process. All images in our portfolio are captured on professional reversal films with extra fine granularity, which are then subsequently scanned into the native 16-bit depth.
We protect your rights: No sharing with any other stock collection.
Our photo stock library offers images exclusively and solely from our own portfolio. We do not share any image collections with other stock libraries and none of our photos are available in any other stock libraries or at other suppliers and distributors. We are the sole and exclusive owners of the film originals, therefore we have full control over the entire image processing, from the initial source file creation to the final photo adjustments and thus, we can guarantee the highest quality of the final product to the client. Equally important advantage of having our own portfolio is the thorough control over the copyright of each photograph, which nowadays in the segment of RM images takes on even greater importance. Full control over the history of the image use gives our clients the assurance that photos have never been used before being included in our portfolio and no copies of our images have ever been created.
Create own template with larger dimensions than original image.
Cleggstock offers Edit Friendly images, which allow the client to create a photo of a larger dimension than the one originally purchased without losing the image quality. Edit Friendly image has one or more edges defined as a solid color, i.e. constant and precisely defined RGB values, such a version will be provided to the client free of charge as a bonus when buying a photograph. You will find these values listed under My Account/My Purchases section next to the purchased image in the Edit Friendly section. It is possible to set RGB values as the background values in the graphics editor based on the needs of each client. Then, by extending the original downloaded image in the direction of the calibrated edge the client can set such a dimension and proportion for the final image, that will suit the purpose of its use.


text:
Total Downloads99
File Size2.79 MB
Release Date07/06/2013
Date AddedAugust 31, 2016
OSWindows 10 64 bit
File Nameepson15229
File Format.exe
Compatible ModelEpson LX-350
Epson LX-350 Driver Windows 10 64 bit
– Driver name: Epson LX-350 Driver Software
– Driver File Name : epson15229
– Driver Release Date : 07/06/2013
– Driver Version :1
– File size : 2.79 Mb
– Compatible Model : Epson LX-350
– File format : .exe
– Operating System: Windows 10 64 bit
– A numbers of older printer will not compatible with printer drivers on the original CD that came with the product. However, you can download Epson LX-350 printer driver on this website. This article provide to you, link download Epson LX-350 printer driver for Windows 10 64 bit and how to install driver Epson LX-350 for Windows 10 64 bit.
The role of Epson LX-350 driver for operation of the printer
– Communication with computer, receive and data processing.
– Printer management: number of copies, paper size, tray, duplex …
– Notify the user knows: what are you printing?, how many copies to print?, shown on error message when the printer does not print …
The installation guide Epson LX-350 driver
Epson LX-350 Driver Installation Guide on Windows 10 64 bit (Video)
Setup Epson LX-350 Driver on Windows 10 64 bit (Pictures)
Step 1: Power on Epson LX-350 printer and computer. You need to make sure devices working fine.
Step 2: Connect Epson LX-350 printer and computer by usb cable.
– Have so many ways to connect Epson LX-350 printer and computer. For example: ethernet gateway, bluetooth, wifi … But now, I will guide to you installation Epson LX-350 printer driver via USB connection.
Step 3: Extract Epson LX-350 printer driver file.
Step 4: Run to file setup Epson LX-350 printer driver by double click to it.
Step 5: Click to Manual.
Step 6: Select port Epson LX-350 printer in use and click OK
Step 7: Wait for moment and Epson LX-350 printer driver successfull
Driver Epson LX-350 Windows 10 64 bit search terms:
– Free Download Driver Epson LX-350 Windows 10 64 bit
– Download Driver Epson LX-350 Windows 10 64 bit
– Epson LX-350 Windows 10 64 bit Software
– Epson LX-350 Windows 10 64 bit Package Software
– Installing Driver Epson LX-350 Windows 10 64 bit without driver DISK


text:
Crystal Series Brushes
by Silver Brush
The Crystal Series from Silver Brush is the choice for painters working in watercolor, acrylics, and other waterbased media. The Flat Wash brushes in this series are mounted on clear acrylic handles with versatile belveled edges. All other Crystal brushes feature balanced, comfortable, matte-teal handles. Multi-diameter filament heads are designed to enhace color carrying capacity and maintain a perfect shape. Crystal is tough and holds up well on rough surfaces.
?Ask a question about this product
Average User Rating: Based on (3 Reviews)
E. N. from Monmouth Beach, NJ says:
Is your life out of control? Do you find that whatever you do there are messes and problems everywhere? Well, look no further. The 6800S Crystal Round is exactly what you need to help you regain your...[more]
Share this Product
Enter Quantity & Click 'Add to Cart'
Please wait...
You May Also Like...
How to get VIP Club Prices
Anyone can be a VIP Member with:
Only $25/year
Learn More »
Tips For Your Question
Your email will not be shared. We will only use your email address to respond to your question. When asking your question, please be as descriptive as possible, it will allow us to give you the most accurate answer possible.


text:
Put your Facebook performance into context and find out who's strategy is working best. Just add your page and get a free social media report that compares you to OLA.com.pk - اولا. Download the sample report or learn more about our Facebook benchmarking tool.
Enterprise, Mid-Market, and overall Leaders.
Best Return of Investment and Easiest Setup & Admin awards.
In the categories of Social Media Analytics, Management, and Monitoring.
G2 Crowd