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how not to ask a question: how q&a websites contribute to denialism
You know I love the spirit of information-sharing that the internet has fostered. "Love" doesn't really describe it. Since I was in my 30s when the internet became widely used, I am both fully internet fluent and fully amazed by it. I adore that you can learn how to create, repair, cook, build, play - and a million other verbs - almost anything online. And I look up facts and jog my shoddy memory with Google and Wikipedia several times a day.
But these Q&A websites strike me as some of the worst the internet has to offer. Not only are the answers found there ridiculously unreliable, but it appears that people follow the sites without understanding how dubious they are. The crazy thing, to me, is that people ask questions of fact, the answers to which they could readily look up themselves. Someone comes along and answers the question, and that answer - regardless of accuracy or source - becomes The Answer. At Wiki Answers, an answer can be commented on or discussed, but not changed, and there can only be one answer per question. Yahoo! Answers asks users to rate answers with thumbs-up and thumbs-down, adding another layer of worthless opinions.
I recently saw a Wiki Answer (it turned up in a Google search) asking how many World Series rings a certain former baseball player has - meaning, how many championship teams he has played on or worked for. There was an answer posted. And it was wrong.
Now, why would someone go to Wiki Answers with that question, rather than check any number of baseball sites, or even the player's Wikipedia page?
I think I know the answer to that one: because they don't know how to get reliable information on the internet, and they don't recognize the difference between those two forms of information-seeking. (A bit of iSchool-speak there.) To that person, asking a question at a Q&A website is looking it up. I'm guessing the asker doesn't realize that a Q&A site isn't even as reliable as Wikipedia. Indeed, the asker may not even understand the concept of reliable sources.
Most net-savvy, educated people - and by that I emphatically include self-educated people - know that Wikipedia is to be used with a cautious and skeptical eye. It's great for a quick check of basic facts, such as a person's birth or death date, or the capital of a country, or the director of a film. For anything more in-depth, Wikipedia should be regarded as a jumping-off point at best. I often find it useful for finding sources, through an entry's footnotes.
But at least Wikipedia entries are written by someone who cared about a topic enough to do some research, however perfunctory, and write an entry. Wiki Answers and Yahoo Questions don't even require that minimal level of engagement.
There's a saying going around, attributed to Neil Gaiman: "Google can bring you 10,000 answers, but a librarian can bring you the right answer." Well, fine. But you can bring yourself the right answer, too - and good librarians want to teach you how. A lot of people clearly don't know how to find the right answer, and don't even realize their methods are not producing good results.
If any question can be answered by any person, and any answer can become The Answer, what are the implications for building a society based on ethics, justice and rational thought?
It seems to me that Q&A sites like Yahoo! Answers and Wiki Answers foster the mistaken, dangerous worldview that all points of view are equally valid, that expertise is "elitism", and that everything is "a matter of opinion". Even how many World Series rings a baseball player owns, or if climate change is caused by humans, or if the Earth is 5,000 years old.
37 comments:
- Amy said...
I have had the same experience with those pages. Lots of contradictory information, lots of answers with no attribution for any of the facts or opinions stated, and erroneous answers.
But it isn't just those type of pages. I often wonder how reliable lots of sources are on the web. Why should I trust WebMD or a website on particular products? How do I know what is reliable and what isn't?
I think that is one real challenge for researchers and those who support them (i.e., libraries)---to figure out a way to vet sources on the internet for their reliability and authenticity.
- Friday, November 18, 2011 5:15:00 PM
- Amy said...
What is denialism?
- Friday, November 18, 2011 5:17:00 PM
- James Redekop said...
Denialism generally means the rejection of historical or scientific knowledge for emotional or ideological reasons. The most famous form is probably Holocaust denialism, though evolution denialism is much more common (in the form of creationism). Also common (and harmful) these days are climate change denial and vaccination denial. On the fringes, there are less harmful sorts like Moon landing denialism and Shakespear denialism.
The efforts by tobacco companies to deny tobacco's carcinogenic nature were another form, now mostly gone -- but the same techniques developed by the tobacco companies then are still being used now against things like climate change science, in some cases by the very same people, now consulting for Exxon instead of Philip Morris.
Well, fine. But you can bring yourself the right answer, too - and good librarians want to teach you how
To be fair to Gaiman, I believe he said that as part of a "Save the Libraries" campaign. :)
- Friday, November 18, 2011 7:56:00 PM
- Jere said...
To me, "How is Babby Formed?" tells you all you need to know about Q& A sites.
- Friday, November 18, 2011 10:35:00 PM
- laura k said...
I was going to link to How Is Babby Formed, but as I thought I'd leave it for comments. :)
And absolutely no knock on Neil Gaiman! It's a great thought.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 4:24:00 AM
- laura k said...
Amy, I do think there are degrees of reliability. Q&A sites would be on the bottom of the list - worthless. Many other sites could be deemed reliable taken in conjunction with each other - using more than one site for corroboration (with caveats when multiple sites seem to be copy/pastes of each other).
I also think we have to ask, what is the research for? For buying a product, reviews online are probably adequate. But for serious legal or medical advice, nope! I'm amazed at how many people I see asking serious advice online (like on Craigslist, eg) and apparently taking the word of total strangers about their animal's health or their own health!
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 4:32:00 AM
- James Redekop said...
Yesterday's XKCD does a great job of covering the Forum Question Problem constantly faced by software developers.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 4:43:00 AM
- johngoldfine said...
I assign a research paper for my community college introductory composition course.
None of my students, not one, has what it takes to be a competent academic researcher: time and patience. When I talk to them about the need for skepticism, for refusing the first answer, for suspicion about some website that answers all their questions, for perspective, I am mostly shoveling sand against the tide.
I say all that stuff, show them the problems, but mostly I do it because professional ethics require it. The students have zoned out. They have questions, they find answers, what is my frippin problem! The don't want to hear about nuance, hierarchies of answers, or anything that would slow them down.
They've been taught, primarily, that research means they have to turn in a certain minimum amount of pages, which, in turn, means that their teachers only care about the heft of thing and its overall look, not about the content.
So, why bother!
The good news is that when they seriously want to find information on the internet, when they are freed from the school-forged shackles of self-doubt and stupidity--they are info-aces. They know how to proceed, where to go, what to ignore, what to grab on to.
Back in the early days of the web, I sent a class of extremely poor researchers to a website, let's call it janesmith.org, but instead of 'org,' in my own ignorance and naivete, I sent them to janesmith.com, which turned out to be a soft porn site.
The class, all male--not a rarity back in the day--hooted with glee and gave me a hard time, well-deserved, called me a dog, etc. One of the older students said, quite plaintively, "But how do you really find porn sites?"
He got an intense extempore five minute tutorial from the rest of the class in the art of scouting porn, which I didn't interrupt because I was so much enjoying watching my students display effortless expertise in an area (research, not porn) in which I had thought them dubs.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 5:00:00 AM
- Amy said...
Of course, there are degrees of reliability. But for the typical internet user, there is no easy way to determine except perhaps by sufficient use what sites are more reliable than others. There should be some system of ranking reliability by an objective judge/librarian or something. (Obviously, a totally impractical ideam but a nice fantasy.)
Perhaps some would say the same is true of print sources as well, but generally someone fact-checks works that get published in books or journals or newspapers. Any fool with a computer and an internet connection can post anything they want on the internet.
I do cross-check and corroborate, but as you point out, sometimes people just cut and paste from one site to another.
And it's one thing to rely on sites for things like product reviews or movie reviews and a whole other thing to rely on sites for medical, scientific, political or historical matters. I can only imagine how high school and college students do "research" these days...
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 5:44:00 AM
- laura k said...
John, thanks for sharing that. It partially answers the question Amy asked before she asked it.
Amy, I hear you, and I don't mean to be nitpitcky, but I don't know if there is a typical internet user - I don't think print sources are necessarily more reliable than internet sources, merely more static - and I would not want a supposedly objective rating system of websites, even if such a thing were possible.
I do think one of the misconceptions of our current time is that print sources are inherently more trustworthy than internet sources. It's never been easier to publish on paper than it is now, anyone can do it. And reputable publishing houses will publish anything that will sell, no validity is needed. The history section of any large chain bookstore is stocked with books purporting to be factual, but which are unsupported lies and propaganda. Not to mention the psychology and self-help section!
On the other hand, there's tons of reputable and important work that is only published online.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 6:01:00 AM
- Amy said...
Great, Laura, now I can't trust ANYTHING! :)
John, thanks for your answer. On an unrelated note, at a faculty meeting yesterday we were working on our sexual harassment policy, and someone posed the question of whether a professor could be disciplined for using pornographic material in class as a means of provoking discussion. Many of my colleagues worried that if the professor did not handle it well---for example, allowed students to make inappropriate remarks--that such conduct could create a hostile environment for other students. I wonder if that was an issue for you during your janesmith episode.
Sorry to go off-topic, Laura.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 6:07:00 AM
- laura k said...
No need to apologize, no problem.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 6:12:00 AM
- johngoldfine said...
Amy--this was a class of all guys and in the macho trades, so it was already a locker-room atmosphere, and I had no worries about hostile environment complaints. Maine, of course, did not enter the 20th Century until about 1955, the sixties until the early 70s, and sometimes still has trouble locating the new millennium. Another reason I wasn't concerned.
In the real world south of Kittery, I might have cut off the discussion, though it was a good intelligent discussion, even if on a 'risky' topic. Probably I would not have though because--
I understand that 'hostile environment' is a term of legal art and that schools are justifiably afraid of lawsuits, but I really have no patience at all with speech codes, academic freedom 'rules and responsiblities,' and general timidity or self-censorship in classrooms.
Amy, I grew discouraged about assuming librarian objectivity or expertise as a given when a librarian at school told my students that they could always trust official government websites like NIH, this at a time when NIH was embroiled in all sorts of scandals that affected its credibility. I don't like fomenting paranoia or taking cheap shots, but when I try to induce skepticism, I mention the NIH thing and ask my students, "Do you believe everything the goverment tells you--why would you be so quick to take the NIH as gospel?"
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 6:50:00 AM
- laura k said...
I'm a big fan of hostile environment workplace laws, but I also reject speech codes, especially in a classroom or library. Pornography in libraries is a huge issue - for patrons/users as well as librarians. A while back I posted my paper about that, written for a class on intellectual freedom in the library.
* * * *
No rating system can ever be objective. At the very least they will reinforce dominant norms and marginalize dissent. At worst... well, you know.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 7:14:00 AM
- Amy said...
John, that was exactly the issue we were debating: how do we draw the line between academic freedom and sexual harassment? As you might imagine, a room of 30 law professors had a lot to say about that.
It is very difficult for me at times to avoid things that will make at least one student uncomfortable in some way. We were discussing a cohabitation case the other day, and I am sure there were students who were uncomfortable talking about some of the issues raised (like whether one person in a sexual relationship should expect compensation for his or her services in that relationship), but how can I be a good teacher without making students uncomfortable?
I cannot imagine doing what you did in your class, not because I think it was wrong, but because it would make me very uncomfortable. I am not sure that is a good guiding principle, but I assume that if something makes me uncomfortable enough that I am not able to speak about it, then the students will feel both my discomfort and likely have their own. And yet there are issues that we should or must discuss that make us uncomfortable, and as educators, we are obligated at times to raise those very issues.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 8:19:00 AM
- allan said...
A teacher who goes out of her way to make sure none of her students are uncomfortable - and avoids any provocative subjects or opinions - is probably not a very good teacher.
Students need to be taken out of their comfort zone, beyond the boundaries of their thoughts, to consider other points of view, or to honestly confront the full measure of what they do believe. That would be true for the class instructor, as well.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 9:23:00 AM
- Amy said...
Allan, I agree with you completely. I think, however, that there are some situations that may chill discussion and make students so uncomfortable that it becomes counterproductive and unfair. For example, what if a teacher encourages or even allows racist, sexist or homophobic comments to go unanswered in a class? I sometimes will play devil's advocate on a point of view with which I disagree---for example, arguing that it is acceptable for companies to charge outrageous fees or interest to "high risk" purchasers in order to insure against the likelihood of default by some of those purchasers. If no student responds, I try to push them to see how unfair and discriminatory such conduct can be. But what if my students all chimed in, making racist comments about poor people? Do I stop those statements, or do I see them as "teaching moments" and hope that some student who is offended will speak up in response?
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 9:57:00 AM
- johngoldfine said...
Amy, I never reveal to students what I think about controversial topics because it isn't relevant to teaching writing.
My only job is to make them better writers, which does often mean cleaning up their logic, hassling them about using easy stereotypes, forbidding them to regurgitate last Sunday's sermon, and so on. But if they want to write about how all poor people are lazy leeches sucking the blood out of the bodies of the saintly, long-suffering rich, fine...as long as they do it with style, originality, individuality, panache, eclat, elan, and all that other good stuff.
Allan, believe me, my insistence on writing that can't be done on automatic puts most of my students in a zone (of discomfort) whose existence they had never before even suspected.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 12:09:00 PM
- laura k said...
That's the distinction between presenting challenging ideas that not everyone will feel comfortable with and providing a safe space where people can feel comfortable enough to learn. I think one is a precondition of the other.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 12:18:00 PM
- James Redekop said...
I think this qualifies as hostile from a teacher.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 12:29:00 PM
- Amy said...
That's the distinction between presenting challenging ideas that not everyone will feel comfortable with and providing a safe space where people can feel comfortable enough to learn. I think one is a precondition of the other.
That's what I aspire to do. Most of the time I believe that I succeed.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 2:32:00 PM
- Amy said...
John, I think there is a difference between what students express in writing and what they express in class. Would you let a student say something racist in class without making sure that there was some appropriate response either from another student or from you? If not, aren't you condoning what the student has said or at least leaving that impression?
What is a safe space for one student may be a very dangerous space for another. Although I never stop a student from expressing his or her opinion, I do make sure to find some way to provoke an appropriate response or make one myself if all else fails.
(Fortunately, this rarely happens in the subjects I teach, but sexism does have a way of seeping into more things than you can imagine. I rarely, OTOH, hear anything racist or homophobic.)
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 2:38:00 PM
- impstrump said...
I'm quite genuinely surprised that John's student had never found porn either on his own initiative or by accident. You'd think someone who is interested would have, at the very least, typed "sex" into a search engine to see what would happen even if they were a total n00b and weren't expecting porn.
On-topic, there was a brief period around 2003ish when a predecessor of Wiki Answers (whose name I now forget) was actually useful. Not all questions got answered, but those that did got decent answers. Then they instituted the one answer per question rule and went through a series of name changes, and it turned stupid.
The other problem on these sites, apart from people relying on them, is people answering questions when they don't know the answer. I've actually seen on Yahoo Answers someone post "I dunno LOL." Why would you do that?? And then there's people who answer outside the scope of the question. The question is "How do I get my hair to hold a curl for longer?" and they answer "You should wear it straight, that's the style."
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 3:01:00 PM
- laura k said...
"I dunno LOL." Why would you do that??
It's amazing. Whenever I read a news story online and make the mistake of looking at comments, there are people posting "Who cares?" Why would anyone bother to type that??
The question is "How do I get my hair to hold a curl for longer?" and they answer "You should wear it straight, that's the style."
I friggin hate this. I used to get those kinds of answers on this blog all the time. It got to the point where I would always include something in my post to try to stop those stupid answers in advance. I still fight the urge to do that!
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 3:40:00 PM
- johngoldfine said...
Hi Imp Strump--this incident probably happened 10 years or so ago, a different era, and the student was someone who had spent 30 years in a paper mill before its closing. He was computer clueless and genuinely, not disingenuously, needing help finding online porn.
Amy, I've heard some vile things in class. I always say, 'Not here, don't want to hear it.' Not exactly a proud teaching moment, but the best I can do with my anger, disgust, shock, dismay.
In conversations several times over the years students have explained to me that something is bad because 'jewy' or that they 'made out like a jew in a junkshop' or that Jews like money and run everything. They are not sophisticated big-city types who are aware that a name like mine is unmistakeably Jewish....
I suppose I should rise in my wrath and expound on prejudice, anti-Semitism, and mindless bigotry. We all know the word 'speechless' and use it in all sorts of metaphorical ways. But such remarks always leave me literally speechless. I wish it were otherwise, but it does not seem to be so, though I'm usually quick enough to tell people to FO and STFU while doing it.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 3:42:00 PM
- laura k said...
At the youth centre where I tutored and taught in the 90s, I had two students, brothers, from Sengal, Muslims, lived in Brooklyn. Very studious boys, very sweet and gentle, trying hard to find their place in the rough world of their hood.
One day one of them made a very anti-Semitic comment while we were working on something. Because I had such a good relationship with them, it was (for once in my life) easy to stay calm. I said, "I'm Jewish, and I'm not like that."
They were floored. Another teacher who all the students loved, a man, was also Jewish, and I pointed that out.
Months later there was some kind of tribute going on, I can't remember the occasion, but one of the brothers said a "thank-you to Miss Laura" for showing him that not all people who look a certain way or come from a certain background are the same, and you can't judge anyone until you know them.
It was a real lesson to me in what could happen if I didn't lose my temper and tried to teach by example. Not my strength! But those boys taught me a big lesson.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 6:34:00 PM
- Amy said...
John, I know what you mean by being speechless. It's exactly that feeling that I don't want anyone in my class to experience. Fortunately, I have never heard that kind of comment in my classes.
Laura, what a great story---not only that you were able to respond in a calm and helpful way, but that it actually had such an impact on your students.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 7:40:00 PM
- James Redekop said...
Just came across this example of being left speechless. :P
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 7:51:00 PM
- laura k said...
Not for nothing I remember it all these years later.
I sometimes think of those young people and wonder... how many are still alive, are in prison, are on the streets, did any "get out". They were teenagers and had seen more tragedy and sorrow and injustice than many of us will personally experience in our lifetimes.
Plus they were so cool and I loved being around them.
*Senegal, not Sengal
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 7:53:00 PM
- laura k said...
Just came across this example of being left speechless. :P
Oh good lord, someone actually said that? To a person's face??
Can this be???
("Oh it be...")
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 7:55:00 PM
- Amy said...
How awful, how sad that we still have people walking around who not only think this way, but see nothing wrong with thinking it and saying it.
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 7:57:00 PM
- impstrump said...
It never would have occurred to me that that could work! I always figured that if people are dissing X and I tell them I'm X, they'll start dissing me. I never imagined that could actually change minds!
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 8:01:00 PM
- laura k said...
Imp Strump, to be fair, I was older than him and in a position of relative power, and I knew he liked me very much. So I was in a very safe place.
But yes, it was a revelation!
- Saturday, November 19, 2011 8:10:00 PM
- johngoldfine said...
Thinking this over, I remember that when I worked at Job Corps, I was not speechless at vileness, and that's because I had an institutional tool to use that insulated me from my own emotion and adrenaline, the stuff that renders one speechless.
At Job Corps we were supposed to see all problems as aspects of corpsmembers' eventual employability. So, some random "Fucking spic/nigger/gook" got a practical, not a moral, response: "If you talk like that in the workplace, you're going to lose the job."
- Sunday, November 20, 2011 4:10:00 AM
- johngoldfine said...
Talk about denialism!
I saw 'Moneyball' last night. That great scene where all the scouts were sitting around going over prospects: classic swing, goodlooking young player, has all the tools, etc.--anything rather than examine the numbers, facts, and their own premises and prejudices.
- Sunday, November 20, 2011 5:56:00 AM
- James Redekop said...
I always figured that if people are dissing X and I tell them I'm X, they'll start dissing me.
It depends on the person, of course, but a lot of people who bad-mouth Xes are just repeating what they've heard, and have never knowingly met an X. So if they get to know and like an X without realizing it, the revelation forces them to choose between what they've heard about Xes, and what they know, first hand, about the X they know. For some, the prejudice is too keep, and they will turn on you; for others, they'll start to realize that what they've been told isn't necessarily true.
- Sunday, November 20, 2011 7:14:00 AM
- laura k said...
James, good analysis.
John, how true! I never saw the debate in that context. I wish Moneyball would come out on DVD already.
- Sunday, November 20, 2011 7:38:00 AM


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text:
Moist Lemon Tea Cakes
Total TimePrep: 30 min. Bake: 10 min./batch + cooling
Makes8-1/2 dozen
- 1-1/2 cups butter, softened
- 1 package (8 ounces) cream cheese, softened
- 2-1/4 cups sugar
- 6 large eggs
- 3 tablespoons lemon juice
- 2 teaspoons lemon extract
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
- 1-1/2 teaspoons grated lemon zest
- 3 cups all-purpose flour
- 5-1/4 cups confectioners' sugar
- 1/2 cup plus 3 tablespoons 2% milk
- 3-1/2 teaspoons lemon extract
- In a large bowl, cream the butter, cream cheese and sugar until light and fluffy. Add eggs, one at a time, beating well after each addition. Beat in the lemon juice, extracts and lemon zest. Add flour; beat just until moistened.
- Fill greased miniature muffin cups two-thirds full. Bake at 325° for 10-15 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean. Cool for 5 minutes before removing from pans to wire racks to cool completely.
- In a small bowl, combine glaze ingredients. Dip tops of cakes into glaze; place on waxed paper to dry.
Nutrition Facts1 each: 93 calories, 4g fat (2g saturated fat), 22mg cholesterol, 38mg sodium, 14g carbohydrate (10g sugars, 0 fiber), 1g protein.
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Nov 27, 2016
Delicious! Easy to Make! Love Them!
Feb 28, 2016
I think part of the problem is they left out 1 1/2 tsp baking powder. I started making these and thought recipe was missing something I looked up other recipes for mini lemon tea cakes and they all have baking powder. Made these with BP and they turned out great with time indicated. I also used 2 additional TBS more fresh lemon juice in cake. Glaze I used 1/2 cup lemon juice instead of milk and extract added lemon rind and a dab of cream.
Feb 3, 2015
not as "lemony"as I expected, I was desappointed
Jan 15, 2015
I made a batch of these yesterday and have mixed feelings about them. I thought with all the different types of lemon called for in the recipe, they would have a more defined lemon taste. I was a bit disappointed with the flavor. Also, I baked them much longer than called for and they still came out a pale yellow color (not golden brown like I expected). I made these for a church dinner which is tonight, so I will see how the tea cakes are accepted. This is a recipe that I could take or leave. All in all, if I am making something lemon, I want to really taste "lemon". I have other recipes that I like much better.
Jan 13, 2015
I made these and I found that the 10-15 minutes baking time is not enough. I kept them in for 10 more minutes and they still came out pale, although the glaze made them pretty. They were still delicious so I will make them again, but I will bake them at 350 and see what happens. They are the perfect size and so attractive on a plate!! :)
Jan 12, 2015
I just made 1/2 batch of these little Tea Cakes. I used my regular size cup cake pan and increased the temp to 350 deg. 20 minutes and my yield was 21 cakes. I filled each cupcake about 3/4 full. Without levening in the batter they did not rise real high just about level with the pan. Then I found they were pretty delicate so I actually made 1/4 recipe of glaze and took a teaspoon and dabbed about a 1/2 teaspoon of glaze on each tea cake. They still were small and just a couple of bites.
Jul 3, 2014
These are so good! The glaze recipe makes more glaze than you could possibly use unless you triple or quadroupled the tea cake recipe. The tea cakes are delicious on their own without the glaze too. The batter was a little thicker than I expected, so it was a little messy getting it into the mini muffin spots, but other than that, it was easy to make and very, very good.
Jun 22, 2014
They are so good and the glaze is not needed. I don't care for overly sweet . I made half the recipe and only 1 cup of sugar. YUMMY
Jun 17, 2014
Has anyone tried to make these using mini muffin paper liners?
Apr 29, 2014
These are absolutely delicious and are a treat for my family. I made half the recipe to test how they turned out. The 10-15 minutes at 325 degrees (gas oven) did not bake them sufficiently as they were still raw inside - did anyone else have this problem? I baked another batch close to 25 minutes to get them to look like the picture. Did anyone else experience this? The half recipe made about 54 tea cakes. Also, even cutting the glaze recipe in half resulted in too much glaze.. I intend to keep making these as they are a wonderful addition for parties and family get-togethers. If anyone has any advice as to the baking problem, please contact me online.


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Category : Form.
Topic : Mass form 1 instructions 2017. Author : Brookson Lang.
Posted : Sun, Oct 06th 2019 23:31 PM.
Format : jpg/jpeg.
You should create a checklist of everything you need in your application form so a template can be found to match your needs. This will help you to find a form that will suit your needs. If you do not mind paying for a template for your application form, you can actually pay to have one created expressly for you that will match everything on your list and create the perfect form you need.


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Grand National Roadster Show - Part 4
From Dragstrips to the Salt, Specialty Buildings Had It All
Throughout the weekend every square foot of the Grand National Roadster Show within the massive Pomona Fairplex was packed to the hilt with a dramatic combination of speed and culture, featuring many of the country's finest hot rods, customs, motorcycles, and muscle cars. Building 3, named the Millard Sheets Center for the Arts, offered an intimate museum-like setting with its carpeted floors, painted walls, and soft lighting. It was the perfect area for the Gassers presentation, which this year also included dragsters, Altereds, and competitive hot rods from back in the day. So real you could almost hear the announcer in the tower and smell the nitromethane and burnt rubber.
Building 9
One of the most noteworthy features of the GNRS is just how artfully everything is laid out by the promoters. Each building is expertly arranged with regard to groupings and styles presented for the viewer's pleasure. This is especially evident in Building 9 where its massive confines revolve around one particular theme. This year the focus celebrated the "Century of Speed", a presentation honoring 100 years of racing at the Bonneville Salt Flats. Upon entering the main doors you were greeted by an amazing array of everything from streamliners to belly tanks, competition coupes, roadsters, motorcycles, and everything in between, complete with sounds of the race cars echoing over the loud speakers.


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"We went to that Umschlagplatz. We were sitting three days over there, without water, without anything, for three days. And it was hot. On the third day they gave us water, and they said we're going to leave. Where we're going, we don't know. They put us on trains. I was together with my father, and with this man, and his wife, or his sister, was it? And they took us to Majdanek. Majdanek was a camp near Lublin, and over there was five fields. That means every field had eight or nine hundred people and it was barracks and there's nothing to do Majdanek. The only thing you were Majdanek you did, you sit sometime all day long, and sometime they took you out to work and a half of them never came back. They make you sit all day long and breaking up from big stones to make little stones, or digging holes, digging ditches, and covering the ditches up. That was the work. That's what you call, uh, a camp what actually is annihilation...they annihilate people, actually. Very little food. Very little food."
Source: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/media_oi.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005190&MediaId=1088


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Russell E. Palmer has been elected managing
partner of Touche Ross & Co. and will take office at
the time of the Firm's 25th Anniversary Partners'
Meeting in November. Mr. Palmer has been partner in
charge of the Philadelphia office for the past four
years. At age 38 he will be by far the youngest of the
managing partners of the Big Eight firms.
Mr. Palmer attended Michigan State University
where he graduated with honors. He was president of
the Beta Gamma Sigma, president of Beta Theta Pi,
chief justice of the All College Judiciary and a varsity
swimmer, among other activities.
He began his career with the Firm in 1956 in the
Detroit office. He transferred to the Denver Office in
1961 where he served as director of audit operations
prior to his appointment as partner in charge of the
Philadelphia Office.
He has had broad experience in Firm affairs
through service on the Board of Directors, the Accounting
and Auditing Executive Committee, the
Long Range Planning Committee, the Partner in
Charge Committee, the Technical Policy Committee,
the National Training Committee, and the Forward
Concepts Committee, among others. In these capacities,
he has worked with the Firm in Europe and
Mr. Palmer is a member of the AICPA and serves
on the Executive Committee of the Philadelphia Chapter
of the Pennsylvania Institute of CPAs. Previously,
in Denver, he served the Colorado Society on the
Board of Directors and numerous committees. He is
on the Board of Directors of the Timothy School, a
school for autistic children, the Board of Trustees of
the United Fund, is a trustee of the Pop Warner Little
League Scholars, treasurer of the Right Angle Club,
and serves on the Executive Committee and Board of
Trustees of the Philadelphia College.
Mr. Palmer is married to the former Phyllis
Hartung and they have four children.


text:
Now that Jon Chu (Justin Bieber: Never Say Never) has officially landed the directing gig on G.I. Joe 2, speculation now turns to the cast. Rachel Nichols, who portrayed Scarlett in G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra, recently sent out a tweet [via /Film] confirming that only a handful of the original film's cast will return for the sequel. And by a handful I mean Lee Byung-hun (Storm Shadow), Ray Park (Snake Eyes) and Channing Tatum (Duke). Nichols then followed the tweet up with this statement:
"… Thank you. After the GI JOE news I had Heavy Boots, but I'm smiling now!"
This seems to suggest that Paramount is sticking with the small handful of characters who actually worked in the original film – one of whom has plastic lips that don't move – and vetoing the likes of Sienna Miller, Marlon Wayans, Dennis Quaid, and even Joseph Gordon-Levitt who was clearly set up as the villain Cobra Commander in a potential sequel. This also suggests that Paramount is keeping the budget relatively smaller than the Cobra's $175 million price tag. Of course none of this has been confirmed by the studio, so file it under rumor for now. G.I. Joe 2 is being written by Zombieland scribes Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick.
Update: Paramount has settled on a August 10th, 2012 release date for the G.I. Joe sequel. More info here.


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Friday, September 16, 2011
Mount Terry Erupts!
They had this one coming to them. I'm sure some will have a problem with my assessment of DWright, but I think he's just a big baby. He really never turned out to be the leader this team needed. He says that Terry is wrong about folding. So then.. Bend down and stop those balls being hit your way David! Get a hit instead of striking out or popping out with the bases loaded. That's your job not Terry's.
All we need is 11 more wins for a .500 record. Let's do this!
7 comments:
I totally agree. David has to get losing out of his head. He is a great player that has played for a lousy team for his whole career and it has given him a losing attitude. Terry is trying to instill a winning mentality and David needs to get on the bandwagon. If he is going to be a leader, he can't just say the right things, he has to lead on the field. Frankly I think David is too nice a guy to be a true leader. You need someone with a bit of an edge to them to lead. I love David and hope he gets it together. The Mets should look to another player to be a leader on the team.ReplyDelete
I agree. If anyone has been paying attention this season...the most consistent and professional player that gives his all every game with no excuses when he fails or when the team fails him is R.A. Dickey!ReplyDelete
Was going to leave my own comment, but after reading the 2 above I will simply concur with their excellent assessments.ReplyDelete
Is it still baseball season? I've stopped following this team for the year. Another forgettable summer in Flushing MeadowsReplyDelete
The 2006 Mets should have won the World Series, but they were not a lousy team. Of course it's a herculean task to put aside the collapses of 2007-2008, but those were not lousy teams, either. And 2009-2011 have been full of injuries that have decimated the team. But I thought this was an exciting season (and it still can be if guys like Wright can pull their heads out of their ass*s). There was a lot to cheer at some points when by all rights there should have been nothing to cheer. Considering all the injuries and drama, if they can make it to .500, that would be a feat to cheer loudly.ReplyDelete
I'd add that Collins has been great and after a shaky start, so has Dickey. He's the new Santana when it comes to run support.ReplyDelete
I agree Rob! just get us to .500! Don't tarnish a season that was actually exciting to watch!ReplyDelete


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Heading into Thursday night's 6 p.m. rematch with UCLA, Colorado coach Tad Boyle wasn't short on praise.
"They are a unique team," he said this week. "Unlike any team in our conference, in my opinion."
He pointed out the size advantage, starting with the matchup nightmare of 6-foot-9 point guard Kyle Anderson. He then mentioned David and Travis Wear, 6-foot-10 forwards whose numbers haven't been eye-popping but can stretch defenses with open jumpers.
The list of names continued: sophomore guard Jordan Adams, the team's leading scorer at 16.8 per game; freshmen guards Zach LaVine and Bryce Alford, who have both alternated good games with bad. Until finally …
"And I didn't even mention Powell," Boyle finished.
Still somewhat unappreciated, junior guard Norman Powell has turned into a late-game catalyst for the Bruins over the past few weeks. He scored 21 and 17 points in UCLA's wins at USC and Oregon — performances that both included second-half scoring flurries.
The key has been more chances at the rim, something he said Steve Alford's offense encourages more. As a sophomore under Ben Howland, Powell was seventh on the team with 58 shots at the rim. With eight games left in this regular season, he has already taken 102 — nearly a fifth of UCLA's total.
"Driving the ball has always been my strength," he said. "Even playing in high school, that's what I was known for — using my athletic ability to get to the rim, get to the free-throw line. Definitely, this year, I feel like that's being put to use more.
"Coach likes that in his guards. That's my game. … The offense is geard towards that."
Colorado, which has won three straight, has seen a starting guard blossom too. After star guard Spencer Dinwiddie went down with a torn ACL, junior Askia Booker has embraced the vacated role of primary playmaker.
Through the 17 games he played with Dinwiddie, Booker had 2.1 assists per game, and had four appearances with zero assists. In a 69-56 loss to UCLA last month — the team's first full game without Dinwiddie — Booker stuck to that number and finished with two assists.
He has since found the switch. Over his past six games, the 6-foot-2 guard is averaging 5.67 assists. Extrapolated over an entire season, it would be good for third in the Pac-12 behind UCLA's Kyle Anderson and Cal's Justin Cobbs.
"It really hasn't been a problem at all," Boyle said. "Askia's really welcomed, and in many ways, relished that change. It's unfortunate that Spencer had to go down for him to realize that. He's playing the way we've always wanted him to play."
A sophomore forward has also shouldered an extra load. Xavier Johnson is averaging 18.2 points in his past five games, and scored a career-high 27 in last week's win over Washington. Couple that with Josh Scott's 15.3 points over the past seven, and the Buffs are hurting a lot less for offensive options.
"Those three guys, they have to produce for us to be successful," Boyle said.


text:
Highest energy density of all primary batteries
For modern electronic devices, it is a secure energy source with high cell voltage and energy density for maximum reliability even at high power consumption and in extreme temperature conditions.
Typical applications are the off-grid power supply of electronics in military and industrial applications, security technology, and utility meters. A wide range of sizes (round cells and prismatic cells) are available as a high-power battery.
The lithium thionyl chloride battery (Li − SOCl2) is a non-rechargeable lithium battery with lithium as an anode and a graphite electrode as a cathode, wherein the thionyl chloride is cathodically reduced and serves as both a solvent and an electrolyte.
The nominal voltage of such a cell is about 3.6 V, which remains nearly constant throughout the discharge time. Its maximum energy density among all primary batteries of up to 650 Wh/kg is outstanding. A particularly long shelf life and service life is achieved by the hermetically-sealed housing, using a glass seal for example.


text:
Apilco Beaded Hemstitch Porcelain Mugs
- Only at Williams Sonoma
Easy, hassle-free returns online and in-store for eligible items.Learn More
Earn 5% Back in rewards4 plus free standard shipping3every day when you shop with your Williams Sonoma credit card at Williams Sonoma.Apply Now Learn More
- Summary
The delicate beading that distinguishes this white porcelain dinnerware reminds us of the hemstitched borders of fine table linens. Produced for us by Apilco, one of France's leading manufacturers of porcelain dinnerware, the collection features a complete selection of open-stock pieces.
- Made of high-fired porcelain.
- Microwavable; oven and dishwasher safe.
- Set of four.
- Made in France.
- Dimensions & More Info
- 3 1/2" high.
- 9.4-oz. cap.
- Made in France.
- Use & Care
- Microwavable; oven-safe.
- Dishwasher safe.
- Shipping
Shipping Information
UPS can deliver most in-stock items within 3–5 business days. UPS is unable to deliver to P.O. boxes.
Shipping Rates
The shipping rate varies depending on your order total and shipping destination. View Shipping Options and Charges.
Next Day Delivery
For an additional charge of $26 per address, we can expedite delivery to most destinations. This service is not available for some oversize items, items shipped directly from the supplier (including perishable and custom-manufactured items), out-of-stock items and items to be shipped outside the contiguous 48 states.
Orders received by 9:00 p.m. ET Monday through Thursday will arrive the next business day; orders placed Friday through Sunday will arrive on the following Tuesday.
Return Policy
At Williams Sonoma, we take great pride in the quality and craftsmanship of our products. Attention to design, materials, safety and construction are our priority. Upon receipt, please inspect your purchase and notify us of any damage; we will arrange for a prompt replacement.
If within 30 days, you are dissatisfied for any reason, you may return your purchase for a refund of the merchandise value. An original receipt or gift receipt is required for all returns and exchanges. Returns with a gift receipt will be refunded in the form of a Merchandise Credit for the amount indicated on the gift receipt. Returns with original receipt will be refunded in the original form of payment, cash and check refunds over $100 will be issued as a company check (may take 14 business days from time of request).
For all cutlery returns (knife sets, single knives, cutting boards, knife sharpeners and knife storage), please contact us at 888.922.4108 to initiate the return.
We cannot accept returns on monogrammed, personalized, special-order items, custom upholstery, food, items shipped direct from the vendor or on items damaged through normal wear and tear. Final sale items ending in .97 or .99 cannot be returned.
Made to Order and Final Sale Furniture items are non-returnable and cannot be cancelled once the order is placed.
For returns of items purchased from your Williams Sonoma Gift Registry, we will gladly provide a refund or exchange for the merchandise within 90 days of your event or within 90 days of purchase, whichever date is later. View Full Returns Policy.
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Place Setting
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Rated 5 out of 5 by smittycdm from Beautiful & Durable Mugs (and Place Settings, Too) I bought 2 sets of the Aplico Beaded Hemstitch place settings eight years ago, and added extra mugs. We have never had a problem with the mugs, or any pieces. But, here's how we use our dishwasher: don't use 'citrus based d/w detergent' (it pits your silverware for one); don't use heated dry (I know that's a hassle, but you can hand dry the plates, silverware, glasses, etc.) After eight plus years of daily use, my plates, mugs, salad plates, bowls, look brand new.Date published: 2017-03-07Rated 4 out of 5 by YankeeMom from Gorgeous! Mug handles an issue? I bought 12 place settings of Apilco Beaded Hemstitch last December and have loved every day with them EXCEPT I have also had mug handles just snap off for no apparent reason. I now hid the mugs from my rough and tumble boys. Hopefully I won't have anymore disasters! I waited too long to have a gorgeous kitchen set to have them unreliable.Date published: 2015-11-10Rated 5 out of 5 by frenchie50 from love Aplico In 7 years these are like new - no chips, crackers nor breaks. Love the size, classy style.Date published: 2014-06-06Rated 2 out of 5 by cmt51 from Lovely mug, handles break easily! These mugs are lovely and a great size. My husband and I received 12 of these mugs when we were married less than 2 years ago. Unfortunately, now, only 7 remain! The handles on the other five broke off, sadly. We have never dropped one of them; we put them in the dishwasher carefully and do not crowd them. The mugs are supposed to be dishwasher safe so this is very confusing to us, to have porcelain mug handles break in under two years. These handles may just be too delicate to last.Date published: 2014-03-17


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stephoria needed a new logo design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 30 designs submitted by 12 freelance designers.
Creation of cartoon image from pictures
Desired Style:
Similiar to cartoon on http://www.esurance.com, edgy and sexy
Accepted File Formats:
able to be resized
This contest is for the creation of a cartoon image of Austin Texas Realtor, Stephanie Gentry.
The image will be used in the header area of her website and periodically throughout the site. Her branding will be "Austin Real Estate Detective".
She prefers the cartoon style/look of http://www.esurance.com - sexy and edgy. Her ideal image would be dressed in a black trenchcoat holding a magnifying glass looking over the Austin skyline...BUT she will entertain all creative ideas!
Image needs to be in a format so it can be re-sized without losing clarity.Â
She is currently using a generic Coldwell Banker website: http://www.stephaniegentry.com but has a contest underway for her homepage template. Additional pictures of her are at: http://www.austinrealestatedetectiv…s/site.htm
Find out how a design contest works or learn more about our logo design services.


text:
RIM blows on the dice, gets ready for its FINAL THROW
Desperate to get out of Last Chance Saloon crapgame
In a matter of hours RIM will reveal the pricing, specification and launch date for the new BlackBerry OS 10 device on which the future of the whole company depends.
The phone needs to be perfect but will live or die on RIM's ability to exceed, not merely match, the offerings of the competition.
The launch is scheduled for 10am New York time (7am PT), with a simultaneous unveiling in London at 1500 GMT. This will no doubt be followed by much debate about the casing and curves of the launch handset, despite the comprehensive leaking of product photographs and specs. The styling is important, to get product into pockets, but if it lives up to the pictures then it will be good and the widely-previewed UI has already impressed many.
So what we're really waiting for this afternoon is details of the services - which will be equally, if not more, important to the ultimate sucess of the platform.
RIM has always been an Over The Top player to some extent, in many ways leading the pack in offering services direct to users without recourse to network operators even if they were billed as part of the operator's tariff. Every BlackBerry user has a BBM (BlackBerry Messenger) account for sending and receiving free text messages, secured e-mail with push notifications and cloud-optimised web surfing (channelled through RIM's proxies) as well as access to customised Enterprise applications. The additional tariff for these things goes to RIM.
But all the mobile platforms offer that stuff these days, and the extension (and rebranding) of BlackBerry World into music and movies is just catching up with the competition. Apple, Google and Microsoft expect their mobile platforms to sell their cloud offerings too, and they (mostly) don't try to charge for them: which leaves RIM looking overpriced as well as out of date, so the rumours that the premium pricing will disappear are probably true.
But matching the competition won't be enough to carve out space in such a competitive market. RIM is going to have to innovate too, which is where things get interesting. We know the RIM device will support Near Field Communications (NFC) and that RIM has worked with lock manufacturers to create electronic instances of their keys which can be downloaded onto a phone. Add the ability to lock workstations and you have a combination which could be very attractive to enterprise customers. RIM's reputation in security would work in its favour, and the company is obviously hoping it can sell some NFC-management software on the back of increased use of the embedded secure tokens.
Pushing NFC would differentiate RIM's handsets and appease network operators who are looking forward to NFC taking off so they can rent out space on the SIM-embedded secure element - also supported by BlackBerry handsets - so NFC would seem an ideal technology to push.
And RIM does need something to push, as well as having everything else perfect. The hardware needs to be as slick as a freshly-oiled ice rink, the software to have all the bells and whistles of a traveling fair, but being as good as the competition won't be good enough. RIM needs something really special this afternoon and a bit of NFC bonking-technology action could just be it. ®
Sponsored: Detecting cyber attacks as a small to medium business


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AIEA, Hawaii -- A long line of men in uniform lunge from one end of a field to another, twisting their torsos with a "dynamic warm-up" in anticipation of physical exertion. Although this could be a scene from any Marine's physical training session, these warriors were not preparing to take the field of battle, but the field of play at the 2013 NFL Pro Bowl.
Marines and servicemembers from all other branches took part in the pregame and halftime show here at Aloha Stadium, Jan. 27, where they showed support for the players, fans and those watching at home.
After opening honors with the Hawaii state song and music by Train, joint-service troops marched on the field in service uniforms, followed by a joint-service color guard presenting Old Glory for the playing of "The Star-Spangled Banner." Marines also assisted with several logistical tasks, such as stage assembly, that made the event possible.
"We're out here for everyone who appreciates the military, show them that we're here for them," said Cpl. Charles Vallero, a military policeman with Marine Corps Base Hawaii's Provost Marshal's Office. "It's important because … a lot of military members grew up watching football."
Even though the Marines contributed to improve this all-star session of America's most popular sport, the players had a different aspect of military service that they were appreciative for.
"(NFL players) have the utmost respect for (our military), what they do for us on a day-to-day basis, sacrificing their lives, leaving their families and [especially] kids to go away and serve our country," said Washington Redskins linebacker Lorenzo Alexander. "It's amazing what they do. I'm out here playing football, hitting folks, but I could never take a bullet or shoot people and all that type of stuff. They do an awesome job protecting our country and we love them for what they do."
Along with their families, Marines and other servicemembers who recently returned from deployment were invited onto the field and gratefully welcomed home during the halftime show. Some Marines then had the opportunity to meet their favorite players who epitomize a certain shared foundation of being a Marine and playing football - teamwork.
"(Football) is all about teamwork, when people work together as a team, you can achieve the ultimate goal, same as a deployment," Vallero said. "You work together as a team and come back home safe."


text:
- Shop By Brand
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- Premium 2.5D Tempered Glass Screen Protector for Apple Watch 38mm
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Premium Tempered Glass Screen Protector is made with specially processed Tempered Glass to provide superior protection to your Apple Watch 38mm. The Premium Tempered Glass Screen Protector offers superior durability and scratch prevention, as well as shock, heat and chemical resistance. Unlike other, Premium Tempered Glass Screen Protector is extremely effective in absorbing impact and provides utmost sensitivity for your Apple Watch. This chemically treated screen protector eliminates oily fingerprints providing you a fluid touch screen experience and the shatter-proof glass minimizes risk of injury if the glass is broken. Get in touch with the cutting edge protection for your Apple Watch today!
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- Anti-shatter film with silicone coating.
- Compatible with Apple Watch 38mm.
Compatible Devices


text:
|General Discussion
|« Previous MessageNext Message »
|Bjorn Munch
|December 4 2013 8:24am
|MySQL Community Server 5.7.3 has been released (part 1/2)
|View as plain text
Dear MySQL users, MySQL Server 5.7.3 (Milestone Release) is a new version of the world's most popular open source database. This is the third public milestone release of MySQL 5.7. [Due to length restrictions, this announcement is split into two parts. This is part 1.] http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-development-cycle/en/development-milestone-releases.html As with any other pre-production release, caution should be taken when installing on production level systems or systems with critical data. Note that 5.7.3 includes all features in MySQL 5.6. For information on installing MySQL 5.7.3 on new servers, please see the MySQL installation documentation at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/installing.html MySQL Server 5.7.3 is available in source and binary form for a number of platforms from the "Development Releases" selection of our download pages at http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ The platforms and package formats available for MySQL 5.7.3 are the same as for 5.6. MySQL Server 5.7.3 is also available from our Yum repository for some Linux platforms, go here for details: http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/ Windows packages are now available via the new Installer for Windows Installer or .ZIP (no-install) packages for more advanced needs. It should be noted that the previous MSI packaging is no longer available and the point and click configuration wizards and all MySQL products are now available in the unified Installer for Windows: http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/installer/ 5.7.3 also comes with a web installer as an alternative to the full installer. The web installer doesn't come bundled with any actual products and instead relies on download-on-demand to fetch only the products you choose to install. This makes the initial download much smaller but increases install time as the individual products will need to be downloaded. We welcome and appreciate your feedback, bug reports, bug fixes, patches, etc.: http://bugs.mysql.com/report.php The following section lists the changes in MySQL 5.7.3 since the previous milestone. http://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/news-5-7-3.html Enjoy! On behalf of the MySQL Build Team at Oracle, - Bjorn Munch -------------------------------------------------------------------- Changes in MySQL 5.7.3 (3 December 2013, Milestone 13) Note This is a milestone release, for use at your own risk. Significant development changes take place in milestone releases and you may encounter compatibility issues, such as data format changes that require attention in addition to the usual procedure of running mysql_upgrade. For example, you may find it necessary to dump your data with mysqldump before the upgrade and reload it afterward. Optimizer Notes * The server no longer uses a temporary table for UNION statements that meet certain qualifications. Instead, it retains from temporary table creation only the data structures necessary to perform result column typecasting. The table is not fully instantiated and no rows are written to or read from it; rows are sent directly to the client. As a result, The result is reduced memory and disk requirements, and smaller delay before the first row is sent to the client because the server need not wait until the last query block is executed. EXPLAIN and optimizer trace output will change: The UNION RESULT query block will not be present because that block is the part that reads from the temporary table. The conditions that qualify a UNION for evaluation without a temporary table are: + The union is UNION ALL, not UNION or UNION DISTINCT. + There is no global ORDER BY clause. + The union is not the top-level query block of an {INSERT | REPLACE} ... SELECT ... statement. (Bug #50674, Bug #11758470) * The modified filesort algorithm now includes an additional optimization designed to enable more tuples to fit into the sort buffer: For additional columns of type CHAR or VARCHAR, or any nullable fixed-size data type, the values are packed. For example, without packing, a VARCHAR(255) column value containing only 3 characters takes 255 characters in the sort buffer. With packing, the value requires only 3 characters plus a two-byte length indicator. For data containing packable strings shorter than the maximum column length or many NULL values, more records fit into the sort buffer. This improves in-memory sorting of the sort buffer and performance of disk-based merge sorting of the temporary file. In edge cases, packing may be disadvantageous: If packable strings are the maximum column length or there are few NULL values, the space required for the length indicators reduces the number of records that fit into the sort buffer and sorting is slower in memory and on disk. Packing is not applicable if the filesort uses a priority queue for sorting, as is the case when an ORDER BY ... LIMIT optimization is applied (see Optimizing LIMIT Queries (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/limit-optimization.htm l)). If a filesort is done, optimizer trace output includes a filesort_summary block. For example: "filesort_summary": { "rows": 100, "examined_rows": 100, "number_of_tmp_files": 0, "sort_buffer_size": 25192, "sort_mode": "<sort_key, packed_additional_fields>" } The sort_mode value provides information about the algorithm used and the contents of the sort buffer: <sort_key, rowid>: sort using row pointers <sort_key, additional_fields>: sort using additional fields <sort_key, packed_additional_fields>: sort using packed additional fi elds For additional information about the filesort algorithm, see ORDER BY Optimization (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/order-by-optimization. html). For information about the optimizer trace, see MySQL Internals: Tracing the Optimizer (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/optimizer-tracing.html) . Packaging Notes * Previously, MySQL Server distributions included the MySQL Reference Manual in Info format (the Docs/mysql.info file). Because the license for the manual restricts redistribution, its inclusion in Community packages caused problems for downstream redistributors, such as those who create Linux distributions. Community distributions of MySQL Server no longer include the mysql.info file, to make the repackaging and redistribution process easier (for example, the source tarball and its checksum can be used directly). This change applies to all source and binary Community packaging formats. Commercial (Enterprise) distributions are unchanged. For those who wish to continue using the MySQL Reference Manual in Info format, we have made it available at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/. Performance Schema Notes * The Performance Schema now exposes metadata lock information: + Locks that have been granted (shows which sessions own which current metadata locks) + Locks that have been requested but not yet granted (shows which sessions are waiting for which metadata locks). + Lock requests that have been killed by the deadlock detector or timed out and are waiting for the requesting session's lock request to be discarded This information enables you to understand metadata lock dependencies between sessions. You can see not only which lock a session is waiting for, but which session currently holds that lock. The Performance Schema now also exposes table lock information that shows which table handles the server has open, how they are locked, and by which sessions. These specific changes were implemented: + The metadata_locks and table_handles tables list current locks and lock requests for metadata locks and table locks. + The setup_instruments table now has a wait/lock/metadata/sql/mdl instrument for metadata locks. This instrument is disabled by default. + The performance_schema_max_metadata_locks system variable configures the maximum number of metadata locks tracked in the metadata_locks table. For table_handles, the size is configured by the existing performance_schema_max_table_handles system variable. + The Performance_schema_metadata_lock_lost status variable indicates the number of times a metadata lock could not be recorded. For table_handles, tables that are opened but cannot be instrumented are counted by the existing Performance_schema_table_handles_lost status variable. For more information, see Performance Schema Lock Tables (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/performance-schema-loc k-tables.html). If you upgrade to this release of MySQL from an earlier version, you must run mysql_upgrade (and restart the server) to incorporate these changes into the performance_schema database. * The Performance Schema now instruments transactions. The information collected includes quantitative and qualitative data including transaction duration, transaction counts, and frequency of various transaction attributes such as isolation level and access modes. This information is collected in tables that contain current and recent transaction events, and is aggregated in summary tables across several dimensions, including user, account, and thread (client connection). These new tables store transaction events: + events_transactions_current: Current transaction events + events_transactions_history: The most recent transaction events for each thread + events_transactions_history_long: The most recent transaction events overall There are also summary tables that provide aggregated transaction information. Within the event hierarchy, wait events nest within stage events, which nest within statement events, which nest within transactions. To reflect this, the NESTING_EVENT_TYPE column, in those tables that have it, permits a new value, TRANSACTION, in addition to the existing values STATEMENT, STAGE, and WAIT. To permit control over configuration of transaction event collection, these changes were made to Performance Schema setup tables: + The setup_instruments table contains a new instrument named transaction. This instrument is disabled by default. + The setup_consumers table contains new consumer values with names corresponding to the current and recent transaction event table names. These consumers may be used to filter collection of transaction events. Only events_transactions_current is enabled by default. + The setup_timers table contains a new row with a NAME value of transaction that indicates the unit for transaction event timing. The default unit is NANOSECOND. For more information, see Performance Schema Transaction Tables (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/performance-schema-tra nsaction-tables.html), and Transaction Summary Tables (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/transaction-summary-ta bles.html). If you upgrade to this release of MySQL from an earlier version, you must run mysql_upgrade (and restart the server) to incorporate these changes into the performance_schema database. Security Notes * Incompatible Change: Previously, the --ssl option has been treated as advisory: When given, an SSL connection was permitted but not required. Also, several other --ssl-xxx options implied --ssl. Because of this, the option was usually not used explicitly as --ssl, but in its negated form as --ssl=0, which prevents use of SSL. This was true on both the client and server sides, and true for any synonyms of --ssl (--ssl=1, --enable-ssl) or --ssl=0 (--skip-ssl, --disable-ssl). Now the meaning of --ssl has changed on the client-side only. (There are no SSL changes on the server side.) When given on the client side as --ssl (or a synonym), the option now is prescriptive, not advisory: The client connection must use SSL or the connection attempt fails. In addition, other SSL options no longer imply --ssl. This is an incompatible change in the sense that MySQL client commands that use --ssl now will fail unless an SSL connection can be established. On the other hand, for a successful connection attempt, the connection is guaranteed to use SSL. Previously, there was no such guarantee. There is no change in the meaning of --ssl=0 (and its synonyms) to prevent use of SSL and override other SSL options. For more information, see SSL Command Options (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/ssl-options.html). Functionality Added or Changed * Performance; InnoDB: The log_write_up_to function, which writes to redo log files up to a certain log sequence number (LSN) and optionally flushes writes to disk, has been refactored to improve performance for workloads with heavy log_sys::mutex contention and where innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2. * Performance: The LOCK_thread_count mutex protected several independent internal server structures and variables, and was a bottleneck, particularly affecting server performance in the circumstance when many clients were connecting and disconnecting at once. This mutex was decomposed into more specific mutexes and atomic operations to alleviate the bottleneck and improve performance. As part of this work, the following status variables are no longer visible in the embedded server because for that server they were not updated and were not meaningful: Aborted_connects, Connection_errors_accept, Connection_errors_internal, Connection_errors_max_connections, Connection_errors_peer_addr, Connection_errors_select, Connection_errors_tcpwrap. * Incompatible Change: Several statement instruments in the setup_instruments table are used by the Performance Schema during the early stages of statement classification before the exact statement type is known. These instruments were renamed to more clearly reflect their "abstract" nature: Old Instrument Name New Instrument Name statement/com/ statement/abstract/new_packet statement/com/Query statement/abstract/Query statement/rpl/relay_log statement/abstract/relay_log In addition, statistics for abstract instruments are no longer collected in the following tables, because no such instrument is ever used as the final classification for a statement: events_statements_summary_by_thread_by_event_name events_statements_summary_by_account_by_event_name events_statements_summary_by_user_by_event_name events_statements_summary_by_host_by_event_name events_statements_summary_global_by_event_name Applications that refer to the old instrument names must be updated with the new names. For more information about the use of abstract instruments in statement classification, see Performance Schema Statement Event Tables (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/performance-schema-sta tement-tables.html). (Bug #16750433, Bug #17271055) * Incompatible Change: The EXPLAIN statement has been changed so that the effects of the EXTENDED and PARTITIONS keywords are always enabled. EXTENDED and PARTITIONS are still recognized, but are superfluous and have been deprecated. They will be removed from EXPLAIN syntax in a future MySQL release. EXPLAIN output differs as follows as a result of this change: + The filtered and partitions columns appear in EXPLAIN output regardless of whether the EXTENDED and PARTITIONS keywords are specified. This is an incompatible change for applications that expect to identify column information by position rather than by name, and such applications will need adjustment. + SHOW WARNINGS immediately following EXPLAIN shows additional execution plan information regardless of whether the EXTENDED keyword is specified. (An additional deprecation warning is included if the statement includes the EXTENDED or PARTITIONS keyword.) * Important Change; InnoDB: InnoDB now supports external full-text parser plugins. In order to support InnoDB full-text parser plugins that are called in boolean mode, a new "position" member has been added to the MYSQL_FTPARSER__BOOLEAN_INFO structure. If you plan to use an existing full-text parser plugin that is called in boolean mode with MySQL 5.7.3 or later, you must add support for the new "position" member, which is described in Writing Full-Text Parser Plugins (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/writing-full-text-plug ins.html). Altering a MyISAM table with a full-text parser plugin to use InnoDB is also supported. For additional information about full-text parser plugins, see Full-Text Parser Plugins (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/full-text-plugins.html ). * InnoDB: The InnoDB memcached plugin now supports inserts and reads on mapped InnoDB tables that have an INTEGER defined as the primary key. (Bug #17315083, Bug #17203937) * Replication: Replication filtering rules can now be set dynamically on the slave using the SQL statement CHANGE REPLICATION FILTER introduced in this release. This statement has the same effect as starting the slave mysqld with one or more of the options --replicate-do-db, --replicate-ignore-db, --replicate-do-table, --replicate-ignore-table, --replicate-wild-do-table, --replicate-wild-ignore-table, and --replicate-rewrite-db. For example, issuing the statement CHANGE REPLICATION FILTER REPLICATE_DO_TABLE = (d1.t2) is equivalent to starting the slave mysqld with --replicate-do-table='d1.t2'. CHANGE REPLICATION FILTER differs from the server options in that, to take effect, the statement requires only that the slave SQL thread be stopped beforehand and restarted afterwards, using STOP SLAVE SQL_THREAD and START SLAVE SQL_THREAD, respectively. This statement leaves any existing replication filtering rules unchanged; to unset all filters of a given type, set the filter to an empty list, as shown in this example: CHANGE REPLICATION FILTER REPLICATE_DO_DB = (); You can list multiple replication filtering rules in the same statement, separated by commas. When multiple instances of the same rule are found, only the last instance is used. For more information, see CHANGE REPLICATION FILTER Syntax (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/change-replication-fil ter.html); see also How Servers Evaluate Replication Filtering Rules (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/replication-rules.html ). (Bug #15877941, Bug #11752237, Bug #67362, Bug #43366) * Replication: Previously, with semisynchronous replication enabled, the master waited for a single slave acknowledgment per transaction before proceeding. A new system variable, rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count, enables the number of slave acknowledgments required per transaction to be configured. The minimum (and default) value is 1. The maximum is 65,536. Performance is best for small values of this variable. * Overhead for Performance Schema instrumentation associated with thread creation was reduced. (Bug #17539520) * The Performance Schema now instruments the read/write lock Delegate::lock, which is used for the following classes: Trans_delegate Binlog_storage_delegate Binlog_transmit_delegate Binlog_relay_IO_delegate A different instrument name is used for each subclass, to have distinct statistics for distinct uses. The instruments are visible in the schema.setup_instruments table and have these names: wait/synch/rwlock/sql/Trans_delegate::lock wait/synch/rwlock/sql/Binlog_storage_delegate::lock wait/synch/rwlock/sql/Binlog_transmit_delegate::lock wait/synch/rwlock/sql/Binlog_relay_IO_delegate::lock (Bug #17590161, Bug #70577) * Some dependencies between client-side plugin header files were removed: + The MYSQL_PLUGIN_EXPORT macro required by plugin declarations is now declared directly in mysql/client_plugin.h instead of getting the definition from mysql/plugin.h. That macro was the only thing required by client-side plugins and declared in server-side header mysql/plugin.h, so including mysql/client_plugin.h in an application no longer requires the application to also include mysql/plugin.h. + mysql/plugin_trace.h no longer uses C_MODE_START or C_MODE_END, so my_global.h. including mysql/plugin_trace.h in an application no longer requires the application to also include my_global.h. Applications might require mysql/plugin.h or my_global.h for other reasons, of course. (Bug #17582168) * It is now possible to enable the Performance Schema but exclude certain parts of the instrumentation. For example, to enable the Performance Schema but exclude stage and statement instrumentation, do this: shell> cmake . -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DDISABLE_PSI_STAGE=1 \ -DDISABLE_PSI_STATEMENT=1 For more information, see the descriptions of the DISABLE_PSI_XXX CMake options in MySQL Source-Configuration Options (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/source-configuration-o ptions.html). (Bug #17478068) * A new CMake option, WITH_ASAN, permits enabling address sanitization for compilers that support it. (Bug #17435338) * Several compilation warnings were fixed that occurred when compiling without debugging enabled. (Bug #17332094) * The implementation of condition variables specific to Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 was removed from the source code because MySQL is not supported on those platforms as of MySQL 5.6. (Bug #17332056) * A new ER_ENGINE_OUT_OF_MEMORY error code is available for use by storage engines to report out-of-memory conditions. (Bug #16807964) * For GRANT statements, ER_SP_DOES_NOT_EXIST errors for nonexistent stored procedures and functions now specify PROCEDURE does not exist or FUNCTION does not exist rather than the less-specific PROCEDURE or FUNCTION does not exist. (Bug #69628, Bug #17036976) * The hash function used for metadata locking was modified to reduce overhead. (Bug #68487, Bug #16396598) * Overhead for deprecation warnings was reduced. (Bug #70402, Bug #17497869) * The optimizer now is able to apply the range scan access method to queries of this form: SELECT ... FROM t1 WHERE ( col_1, col_2 ) IN (( 'a', 'b' ), ( 'c', 'd ' )); Previously, for range scans to be used it was necessary for the query to be written as: SELECT ... FROM t1 WHERE ( col_1 = 'a' AND col_2 = 'b' ) OR ( col_1 = 'c' AND col_2 = 'd' ); For the optimizer to use a range scan, queries must satisfy these conditions: + Only IN predicates can be used, not NOT IN. + There may only be column references in the row constructor on the IN predicate's left hand side. + There must be more than one row constructor on the IN predicate's right hand side. + Row constructors on the IN predicate's right hand side must contain only runtime constants, which are either literals or local column references that are bound to constants during execution. EXPLAIN output for applicable queries will change from full table or index scan to range scan. Changes are also visible by checking the values of the Handler_read_first, Handler_read_key, and Handler_read_next status variables. * When a connection is returned to the thread pool plugin, the connection thread context must be cleaned up. Previously, this was done using COM_CHANGE_USER (which is like the mysql_change_user() C API function). However, that operation reauthenticates, which is unnecessary network roundtrip overhead in this context. Now it is possible for client connection state to be reset in a more lightweight manner without causing reauthentication. The API is exposed publicly through these changes: + A new COM_RESET_CONNECTION protocol command (defined in mysql_com.h) + A new mysql_reset_connection() C API function + A new resetconnection command for the mysql client Resetting a connection has effects similar to mysql_change_user() or an auto-reconnect except that the connection is not closed and reopened, and reauthentication is not done. See mysql_change_user() (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql-change-user.html )) and see Controlling Automatic Reconnection Behavior (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/auto-reconnect.html)). For more information, see mysql_reset_connection() (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql-reset-connection .html) and mysql --- The MySQL Command-Line Tool (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysql.html). [ Part 2 will follow ]
|• MySQL Community Server 5.7.3 has been released (part 1/2)
|Bjorn Munch
|4 Dec


text:
Brown Greek Key Reversible Peruvian Flat Weave Rug
Additional Information
Reversible and Versatile.
This isn't your ordinary flat weave rug. Handmade in Peru by expert weavers sourced with help from Aid to Artisans—they're softer, thicker, and more dynamic—oh and did we mention they're reversible?
Traditional, yet totally fresh. In chocolate, our Greek Key Rug feels luxe and organic.
The process is steeped in tradition. Every step, from hand-dying the wool to hand-weaving the pattern on the loom, is done using traditional methods with our own proprietary twist, creating sublime colors and our signature reversibility. Our wool is sourced from llamas raised at high altitudes in the Andes, making our Peruvian Flat Weave rugs extremely soft, extra stain-resistant, and decidedly durable.


text:
The parents of two Americans killed in the 2012 terrorist attacks on U.S. diplomatic facilities in Benghazi, Libya, filed a wrongful death lawsuit in federal court Monday against Hillary Clinton.
In the suit, Patricia Smith and Charles Woods, the parents of Sean Smith and Tyrone Woods, claim that Clinton's use of a private e-mail server contributed to the attacks. They also accuse her of defaming them in public statements, NBC News reported.
Smith was an information management officer and Woods was a security officer, both stationed in Benghazi.
U.S. & World
In a speech to the Republican convention in Cleveland, Smith said, "I blame Hillary Clinton personally for the death of my son."
The parents were represented by Washington, D.C., lawyer Larry Klayman, a frequent critic of the Clintons.
Neither the Clinton campaign nor a lawyer for Clinton responded immediately to a request for comment on the lawsuit.


text:
Historical Audio Recordings Disappearing; Copyright Partly To Blame
from the yet-again... deptRecently, we pointed out that various film archives were disintegrating, and noting that perverse copyright laws were partly to blame. Now, Copycense points us to the news that experts are also quite worried about audio recordings degrading and disappearing -- including recent recordings, such as from 9/11 and the 2008 election. This is part of a study commissioned by the Library of Congress -- so it's not just some random researchers. Thankfully (unlike the article on films) the study and the reporting about it highlights the copyright issue:
A hodgepodge of 20th century state anti-piracy laws also has kept most sound files out of the public domain before U.S. copyright law was extended to sound recordings in 1972. The study found only 14 percent of commercially released recordings are available from rights holders. That limits how much preservation can be accomplished, Brylawski said.The full study (The State of Recorded Sound Preservation in the United States: A National Legacy at Risk in the Digital Age (pdf)) suggests that copyright laws be changed to deal with the archival problem. The study mentions the famous (and mostly ignored) UK Gowers study that found that extending copyright was a mistake (Gowers later admitted, separate from the report, that the economic evidence clearly indicated copyright terms should be shortened). The study also quotes many researchers, academics and archivists who point out how copyright law has made it quite difficult for them to do basic research and other useful things without violating the law.
While fair use is frequently invoked, there is little case law interpreting its application to specific situations. Some archivists believe the lack of applicable case law discourages institutional general counsels from authorizing preservation and access programs on the basis of fair use. Fair-use provisions in the copyright law (Section 107) permit use of excerpts of copyrighted materials, including recordings, for educational and scholarly purposes, for citation in news reporting and criticism, and for nonprofit activities. However, the courts have interpreted fair use to be an affirmative defense. In other words, the burden is on the defendant to prove fair use; the plaintiff does not need to establish that the use falls outside fair use. Besek further notes that "favored uses are not automatically deemed fair, and other uses are not automatically unfair. The determination depends on the facts of a particular case."Separately, the report notes that DRM and the DMCA's anti-circumvention provision is a real problem for researchers and archivists.
Most witnesses at the hearings conducted in support of this study who were affiliated with educational institutions expressed a belief that copyright law as it applies to sound recordings is too complex to interpret easily, too restrictive, or both. Section 108, for example, which limits access to digital copies made available under that section to library premises, is too narrow to address all educational needs. One witness called for "premises" to be expanded to include network domain, in order to accommodate "the manner in which students and scholars use information in the current academic and scholarly environment. Increasingly, learning is occurring off-site, that is, at home, in the dorm or just anywhere on campus, in addition to the classroom and library."
In the end, the study says that copyright law needs to change to deal with this very real challenge:
Creation of new copyright laws or licensing procedures that acknowledge best practices in audio preservation and assure access to audio heritage is essential to ensure the preservation of that heritage and its understanding and appreciation by generations to come.It then repeats five suggestions made by The Association for Recorded Sound Collections (ARSC), such as changing the fact that pre-1972 recordings are all limited under ancient state laws, rather than federal copyright law (meaning they won't be in the public domain for much, much, much longer than more modern recordings). They also suggest moving copyright term back (just slightly) to 50 or 75 years, supporting orphan works legislation, enabling compulsory licensing to copyright holders for anyone wishing to reissue "abandoned" recordings and allowing non-profits to backup and archive sound recordings without violating copyright. The recommendations are, frankly, a bit weak, but in an era where the government only seems to want to strengthen copyright, it's nice to see at least some effort to push back in some areas. Of course, the likelihood of the Library of Congress actually following through on any of these recommendations seems slim at best.


text:
Gender: Women
Length: Full Length
Fabric Type: Broadcloth
Pant Style: Harem Pants
Waist Type: High
Material: Polyester,Spandex
Front Style: Pleated
Style: Streetwear
Decoration: None
Fit Type: Regular
Pattern Type: Solid
Closure Type: Zipper Fly
womens winter pants : black pants
harem pants : women pants
winter pants women : sweatpants
pants : bottoms for women
green pants : black women trousers
high waist pants : hip hop pant
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