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Influence of MMP on Brain AVM Hemorrhage
|The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details.
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00783523
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : October 31, 2008
Last Update Posted : August 9, 2013
- Study Details
- Tabular View
- No Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
Brain vascular malformations, including arteriovenous malformations (AVM), cavernous malformations (CVM) and aneurysms, are a source of life-threatening risk of intracranial hemorrhage. The etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. There is no medical therapy presently available. Prevention of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the primary reason to treat brain vascular malformations. The goal of this study is to: begin pilot studies to lay the groundwork for future clinical trials to develop medical therapy to decrease ICH risk.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) regulate the extracellular matrix in association with various hemorrhagic brain disorders. MMP-9 has been most consistently associated with vascular wall instability and hemorrhagic brain disorders. Doxycycline, a non-specific MMP inhibitor, may enhance vascular stability, thus reducing the risk of spontaneous hemorrhage in brain vascular malformations by decreasing MMP-9 activity.
|Condition or disease
|Arteriovenous Malformations Cavernous Angiomas Brain Aneurysms
|Drug: Doxycycline or Placebo
|Phase 1
- Doses will be randomized by the Pharmacy Department at UCSF for Doxycycline 100 mg/BID and Placebo BID. These will be prepared in blister-packs.
- Depending on enrollment/surgery date, patients will take medication either one to two weeks before surgery. Patients will be assigned to a treatment group according to a random table.
- Each patient will be initially provided with a 1 or 2-week supply of drug in blister packs. The patient will take the final dose of study drug on the morning of surgery.
Baseline labs will be obtained and then again at time of surgery along with a piece of surgical tissue.
|Study Type :
|Interventional (Clinical Trial)
|Actual Enrollment :
|33 participants
|Intervention Model:
|Single Group Assignment
|Double (Participant, Investigator)
|Primary Purpose:
|Official Title:
|Influence of Matrix Metalloproteinase on Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Hemorrhage
|Study Start Date :
|March 2008
|Actual Primary Completion Date :
|December 2010
|Actual Study Completion Date :
|December 2010
Active Comparator: Doxycycline
Patients undergoing elective vascular malformation surgery will receive doxycycline100 mg twice a day, a dose shown to effectively decrease MMP or placebo, treatment for two weeks prior to surgery
Drug: Doxycycline or Placebo
Randomized to Doxycycline 100mg 2x/day or Placebo 2x/day for 1 or2-weeks pre-operatively.
Other Names:
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
Patients undergoing elective vascular malformation surgery will receive doxycycline100 mg twice a day, a dose shown to effectively decrease MMP or placebo, treatment for two weeks prior to surgery
Drug: Doxycycline or Placebo
Randomized to Doxycycline 100mg 2x/day or Placebo 2x/day for 1 or2-weeks pre-operatively.
Other Names:
- Our primary aim is to perform a pilot study to document the effect of doxycycline therapy to decrease MMP expression in the vascular malformation tissue. [ Time Frame: 1 to 2-week pre-operative ]
- Our secondary aims are: (1) To explore whether plasma MMP-9 levels can be used as a marker for MMP-9 inhibition in the vascular malformation lesional tissue [ Time Frame: 1 to 2-week pre operative ]
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies.
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|13 Years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- 13 years or older
- Female patients of child bearing age using barrier-type birth control
- Creatinine no greater than 2.0 mg/di
- Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) no greater than 2 times upper limit of normal
- WBC count at least 3,800/mm3
- BMI within 50% of normal
Exclusion Criteria:
- Allergy to tetracycline
- Unstable medical illness (unstable angina, advanced cancer, etc) over the last 30 days
- Female patients of child-bearing age not using effective birth control (barrier)
- History of vestibular disease (except benign positional vertigo)
- History of noncompliance with treatment or other experimental protocols
- Patients taking other antibiotics
- History of systemic lupus erythematosis
- Patients who are immunocompromised Patients with clinically significant hepatic dysfunction
To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contact information provided by the sponsor.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT00783523
|United States, California
|University of California
|San Francisco, California, United States, 94143
|Principal Investigator:
|Chanhung Lee, MD
|University of California, San Francisco
|Responsible Party:
|University of California, San Francisco
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|First Posted:
|October 31, 2008 Key Record Dates
|Last Update Posted:
|August 9, 2013
|Last Verified:
|August 2013
Arteriovenous Malformations
Congenital Abnormalities
Vascular Malformations
Cardiovascular Abnormalities
Hemangioma, Cavernous
Intracranial Aneurysm
Pathologic Processes
Vascular Diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases
Neoplasms, Vascular Tissue
Neoplasms by Histologic Type
Intracranial Arterial Diseases
Cerebrovascular Disorders
Brain Diseases
Central Nervous System Diseases
Nervous System Diseases
Hemostatic Disorders
Hemorrhagic Disorders
Hematologic Diseases
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Anti-Infective Agents
Antiprotozoal Agents
Antiparasitic Agents


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Ben Marshall 1767 - 1835
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Captain Barrington Price with his favourite hunter outside Beckett House, Shrivenham, Berkshire, with his brother Major Price on the portico; a groom holding "Sailor" beyond
Oil painting on canvas 40 x 50 inches, signed and dated 1804, and contained in a fine Georgian carved and gilt frame
Provenance: By descent to T. Price esq until 1893; Sir Walter Gilbey (his sale, "Removed from Cambridge House, Regent's Park", Christies, 12.3.1910, lot 114, bought Agnew for £73.10s); Percy Pyne esq., of Long Island by 1933, and thence by descent until 1996; with Lane Fine Art, London by whom sold to private collector in London
Literature: Listed in Aubrey Noakes' "Ben Marshall" (Leigh on Sea 1978) number 69 page 36.
Painted in 1804 according to Noakes and Gilbey
Benjamin Marshallwas born at Seagrave in Leicestershire. He worked initially as a schoolmaster, and seems not to have taken up painting until about 1790. He was introduced in the following year to William Pochin Esq., the local member of parliament, who in turn introduced him to his first Master, the portrait painter Lemuel Francis Abbot. Marshall's progress was rapid, and by the middle of the 1790's he was being patronised by HRH The Prince of Wales. Marshall was at his artistic peak in the years 1798 to 1810, and the paintings produced from his brush during this period rank with the very greatest works of the English School of animal painting. The present painting is entirely typical of his dramatic use of local colour and vivid drawing.
The present Shrivenham House, built 1831, still stands and is today the campus of the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, which is a military and academic community providing postgraduate education in strategy, leadership, management and the application of technology to defence. It is part of Cranfield University.

subset: commoncrawl


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FRITZ!Box 7430 Service - Knowledge Base
AVM Content
Registering a DECT repeater from another manufacturer with the FRITZ!Box
You can register commercially available DECT repeaters from other manufacturers to the FRITZ!Box to extend the range of the FRITZ!Box's DECT radio network. You must push a button to register it.
Requirements / Restrictions
- A maximum of six repeaters can be registered with the FRITZ!Box.
- FRITZ!DECT repeaters and/or FRITZ!Boxes can no longer be registered in DECT repeater mode.
- All repeaters must be registered with the base station ("star topology"). A repeater cannot be registered with another repeater (cascading).
- You will no longer be able to use various convenience functions with your FRITZ!Fon. A list of these functions can be found here.
- No more than two of the telephones located in the reception area of the repeater ring when you receive a call.
Note:All instructions on configuration and settings given in this guide refer to the latest FRITZ!OS for the FRITZ!Box.
1 Disabling encryption
To configure these settings, at least one cordless telephone must be registered with the FRITZ!Box:
- Click "DECT" in the FRITZ!Box user interface.
- Click "Base Station" in the "DECT" menu.
- Enable the option "Permit non-encrypted DECT connections" in the "Security" section.
- Click "Apply" to save the settings.
2 Deleting telephones
- Click "DECT" in the FRITZ!Box user interface.
- Click "Cordless Telephones" in the "DECT" menu.
- Click the corresponding (Delete) button to delete all of the cordless telephones that are registered.
3 Registering a DECT repeater
To allow a DECT repeater from another manufacturer to register with the FRITZ!Box, you have to enable the option "Permit non-encrypted DECT connections" in the DECT settings of the FRITZ!Box. The entire registration will then be performed by the repeater. The FRITZ!Box is not notified when a repeater registers with it:
- Register the repeater with the FRITZ!Box as described in the repeater's manual. Hold down the "DECT" button on the FRITZ!Box during the entire registration procedure.
- If the repeater cannot be registered automatically, contact the repeater's manufacturer and ask how to register your repeater with the FRITZ!Box. To our knowledge, Gigaset repeaters can only automatically register with Gigaset DECT base stations, for example. However, you may be able to manually register your repeater with the FRITZ!Box.
4 Disabling encryption in FRITZ!Fon
If you registered a DECT repeater from another manufacturer with the FRITZ!Box, you must disable encryption in FRITZ!Fon:
- Press the "Menu" key on the telephone.
- Scroll to "Settings" and press "OK".
- "Telephony" > "OK"
- Deactivate the "Secure" setting.
5 Re-registering all telephones
- Use the wizard to register all of the cordless telephones with the FRITZ!Box.


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This week's treasure comes from great-grandma Piggott's box of goodies. These two postcards must have been sent in an envelope like a letter, and I think there are 'pages' missing.
It seems that great-grandma had a man that was very smitten with her before she married great-grandpa. His name was Frank Wilks.
The cards are not dated, but since Hazel Madsen and William Piggott were married in October of 1910 I am guessing that they were written about 1909/1910.
I assumed that this Frank character was about the same age as Hazel, but the census tells me he was ten years older.
I will now attempt to transcribe the postcards -- keep in mind that one or two are missing.
your shoesin my trunk all youhave to do is tocome over andput them in. of courseWill has got thetrunk for themthough I forget.where are youworking over thereand are you goingto stay untill yougo home I hopenot there isn'tany thing dairyover here at present.I went to churchthree times yesterdaydon't you think that
...and the next one says:
I don't know
when I'll be ableto get back toEvanston if itkeeps on rainingwell Hazel myheart is just asthese cardsindicate sokeep a little cozycorner in yourheart for meyours foreverFrank Wilksyou know I'vedanced in thatHistorical pig trough twice
I was curious about the pig trough reference so of course I had to google it. It seems that back in the day the oldest daughter was expected to get married first. If for some reason that didn't happen and a younger daughter was married first, the poor eldest daughter had to dance in a pig trough!
So I gather from the last line in Frank's postcard that two of his younger siblings were married before him. I did find a record for his marriage. He was married at the age of 36, two years after Hazel and Will got married.
Name: Frank D. Wilks Gender: Male Spouse: Eva Perkins Spouse gender: Female Marriage Date: Apr 13, 1912 Marriage Location: Afton, Uinta Co., Wyoming Source: This record can be found in the marriage book at the County Courthouse located in Bear Lake Co., ID in Volume 2 on Page 391.


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November 17, 2008 at 01:47 PM
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- ?I have been awarded Social Security disability benefits. But the insurer of my disability policy has denied my claim. Can the insurer do that?
- ?I already have a lawyer working on my social security disability claim. Can't that lawyer handle my disability insurance claim too?
- ?What issues do you see in life insurance claims?
- Posted on 07/11/2019Timothy D. v. Aetna Health and Life Ins. Co.
- Posted on 06/24/2019Family says insurance fails to pay for mental health coverage despite medical necessity
- Posted on 04/24/2006Eliminating Discretionary Clauses in Insurance Policies


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The Vilano fixed gear / road bike stem is made of 6061-T6 aluminum. They come in many anodized colors to fit your style. The overall length is 100m and it can be mounted with either a 7 degree rise or decline.Features
|Anodized Fixed Gear Road Bike Stem Alloy 25.4 100mm 1 1/8


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The Kilimanjaro-class is a class of dreadnought developed and used by the Systems Alliance Navy in Mass Effect.
Almost a kilometer long, this class of dreadnought is armed with a main mass accelerator cannon running the length of the ship, which can launch slugs at thousands of kilometers per second for double-digit kiloton kinetic energy yields. It is also armed with 78 broadside mass accelerators to port and starboard, for a total of 156 secondary mass accelerators. For defense, the Kilimanjaro-class employs GARDIAN point defense lasers and kinetic barriers.
The Systems Alliance has constructed at least five Kilimanjaro-class dreadnoughts: SSV Kilimanjaro, SSV Shasta, SSV Tai Shan, SSV Aconcagua, and SSV Orizaba. Alliance dreadnoughts are named for mountains on Earth.


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Jordan Shropshire, Ph.D., a professor in the Department of Information Technology has been awarded a multi-year grant of $108,000 from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to improve the security of cloud computing systems. Shropshire said just as ordinary computers are susceptible to viruses and malware, clouds can also be infected, which is a serious threat, given the increased reliance on clouds. His research will develop and test security tools to address these threats and reduce security risks.
Shropshire's project will provide an opportunity for two undergraduates, at least five graduate students and several high school students in south Georgia to work with cutting-edge information technologies. The professor said Georgia Southern IT students excel at technical problem solving in unstructured environments. "Despite their youth, they can be counted on to tackle complex problems with minimal supervision. Without them, this project wouldn't happen," Shropshire explained.
The graduate students will conduct original research and develop cutting-edge security solutions. Undergraduates will assist in the construction and administration of a cloud environment and students at participating high schools will perform remote testing and evaluation. Shropshire said everyone will build skills that will help them in the next phase of their IT careers.
This was the first time Shropshire had ever applied for a NSF grant.
Posted in News
Office of Undergraduate Research • PO Box 7995 • (912) 478-7412 • email@example.com


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Bronson Rock Shows
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Pro Tip: Click "Add to My Bands" above and we'll notify you when Bronson Rock announces shows in your area.
Featured Articles
- Trey Anastasio Band Debuts Original & Performs 'Over The Rainbow' Cover In Los Angeles
Saturday's Trey Anastasio Band concert at The Wiltern in Los Angeles included the debut of a new original entitled "All Pretending" and a cover of "Over The Rainbow" from 'The Wizard Of Oz.'
- Umphrey's McGee Covers Rush's 'Limelight' And Welcomes Mike & Leni Stern In New York City
Umphrey's McGee concluded a two-night stand at the Beacon Theatre in New York City with a show that included a debut cover of "Limelight" by Rush, guest spots from NYC scene fixtures Mike Stern and Leni Stern and much more.
- Billy Strings Honors Jerry Garcia At The Capitol Theatre
Billy Strings paid tribute to Jerry Garcia at one of the Grateful Dead guitarist's favorite haunts, The Capitol Theatre in Port Chester, New York.
Wilco finally changed up their 'Ode To Joy'-heavy setlist plan for the first night of their inaugural Sky Blue Sky destination event in Mexico on Saturday.
Dead & Company resumed their three-night Playing In The Sand 2020 run at the Moon Palace in Cancun, Mexico, which included a monster second set.


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The CFTC protects privacy and safeguards personal information according to United States law, agreements, and cooperative arrangements. The CFTC is committed to enforcing laws, rules, and regulations within the derivatives markets it oversees to help ensure that firms and individuals operating in such markets provide legally required privacy rights to consumers and their customers, and that they properly safeguard personal information to protect individuals and the integrity and stability of the markets.
The CFTC protects the privacy of all individuals about whom it holds personal information in accordance with the U.S. Privacy Act of 1974. Also, although the Privacy Act does not cover non-U.S. persons, the CFTC extends the Act's protections to all individuals regardless of nationality. (Note: As a matter of Federal law, only individuals covered by the Privacy Act have the right to judicial redress.) The CFTC also uses the internationally recognized Fair Information Practice Principles ("FIPPs") as a policy framework for its privacy and security program to enhance protections.
The CFTC works to ensure transparency about its policies and practices related to the handling of personally identifiable information (PII). It provides privacy notices for specific personal information collections and notifies the public generally about the information it holds within its Privacy Act covered systems of records.
The CFTC also publishes privacy policies on its websites, explaining what information is being collected, for what purpose, how the information is used and may be disclosed, and how long it will be retained. In addition, the CFTC publishes privacy impact assessments. These provide the same type of information to the public but add discussion of technologies being used to collect, process, and transfer information. They also describe the privacy and security risks that have been assessed and minimized in implementing a new or change to technology.
In addition to these notices, the CFTC ensures there is legal authority to collect information, minimizes collection to information necessary to carry out the specified CFTC purposes, assesses the nature and purpose for PII to be collected, offers choice about uses of information when appropriate, and provides access and correction rights and redress, with certain Privacy Act exceptions. (Note: In certain circumstances, the Judicial Redress Act may provide redress to non-U.S. Citizens.)
Moreover, the CFTC implements administrative, technical, and physical controls to protect information, following U.S. Federal information security law and internationally recognized security standards. Security measures within the CFTC include restrictions on computer access to authorized individuals, required use of strong passwords that are frequently changed, use of encryption for certain data types and transfers, and regular review of security procedures and best practices to enhance security. In addition, during the design stage of proposed technologies or significant new data collection, the CFTC's Privacy Office evaluates proposed Commission activity for potential privacy impacts and works with other CFTC staff to mitigate privacy impacts, consistent with internationally recognized "privacy by design" principles.
The CFTC's GLBA rules require covered financial institutions to implement privacy and security programs designed to give notice to consumers, offer choice in some instances, and also to ensure protection of nonpublic personal information.
The Commission's rules require covered institutions to provide notice to customers about data processing, data protection and data sharing practices. Additionally, consumers have the right to "opt out" of having their personal information shared with nonaffiliated third parties.
Regarding security safeguards, covered entities must employ effective physical and electronic safeguards to protect nonpublic customer information. The CFTC further recommends that its covered entities notify their potentially affected customers, former customers, vendors, and potentially impacted third parties such as clearing firms should a suspected or actual data breach occur.
To assist covered entities in meeting GLBA requirements, the CFTC has issued a staff advisory for covered entities that contains recommended best practices for mitigating certain risks to customer information. The CFTC recommends, among other best practices, that registrants assess existing privacy and security risks; design and implement controls to minimize such risks; regularly test privacy and security controls; report at least annually to their board on these issues; and implement an incident response program that includes notifying the Commission and individuals whose information was or may be misused in certain situations.
As an example of CFTC's enforcement of GLBA rules, in 2009 the CFTC sanctioned a foreign currency broker for violating rules designed to protect the confidential personal information of consumers and to prevent disclosure to third parties. One of the broker's information technology employees placed files containing the confidential personal consumer information of approximately 13,000 customers and prospective customers on a personal website that was accessible on the Internet for at least a year. This security breach was possible because, at the time the employee uploaded the information, the broker did not have policies or procedures sufficient to protect confidential consumer information. The CFTC privacy and security safeguards rules are designed to decrease the number and impact of incidents like these.
Although not a GLBA rule, an additional rule, the CFTC Business Affiliate Marketing rule, requires institutions to offer more choice – it provides consumers with the opportunity to block certain CFTC-regulated entities from soliciting the consumer based on certain financial information, such as transaction information.
Additionally, CFTC-regulated entities that possess or maintain consumer report information in connection with their business activities must develop and implement written policies and procedures for the proper disposal of such information. Examples of reasonable disposal measures include shredding papers and destroying or erasing electronic media.
The CFTC's "red flags" rule requires financial institutions and creditors to develop and implement a written identity theft prevention program designed to detect, thwart, and mitigate identity theft in connection with certain existing accounts or the opening of new accounts. The program should include policies and procedures designed to: detect and identify red flags, for example, a suspicious change of address; respond to the red flags to prevent and mitigate identity theft; regularly review and update the program to reflect changes in risks to customers and changes in business operations; require approval by the board of directors or an appropriate committee; and ensure employee training. The rule includes guidelines to assist entities as they formulate and maintain their programs.
System Safeguards to Protect Market Integrity
The CFTC's commitment to protecting privacy and safeguarding information regarding U.S. financial markets in a time of rapid technological change includes efforts to maintain the integrity and soundness of the derivatives markets. The American economy depends upon the availability of dependable and secure markets, which assumes the protection of personal and market information. For example, the CFTC has adopted "core principles" for Designated Contract Markets ("DCMs"), Swap Execution Facilities ("SEFs") and Swap Data Repositories ("SDRs") requiring them to notify the CFTC promptly of all cybersecurity incidents that actually or potentially jeopardize security of information, including incidents involving data loss. The Commission also issued regulations that require futures commission merchants ("FCMs") and swap dealers ("SDs") to develop risk management policies and procedures that address risks related to, among others, systems, data and technology, which would cover areas such as anti-money laundering, identity theft, unauthorized access, and cybersecurity.
The CFTC is also seeking public comment on system safeguards to respond to the transition to automated trading and require appropriate risk controls for FCMs, SDs and major swap participants ("MSPs"). The potential safeguards would address the need for risk analysis and oversight programs which would cover six categories of risk analysis and oversight and follow generally accepted standards with respect to the development, operation, reliability, security, and capacity of automated system.
Have Any Privacy Questions?
Contact the Privacy Office:
CFTC Privacy Office
Office of the Executive Director
1155 21st St., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20581
By email: email@example.com


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major macro economic indicators
|2018 (e)
|2019 (f)
|GDP growth (%)
|Inflation (yearly average, %)
|Budget balance (% GDP)
|Current account balance (% GDP)
|Public debt (% GDP)
(e): Estimate. (f): Forecast.
- Ports on two oceans
- Large population (almost 50 million)
- Plentiful natural resources (coffee, oil and gas, coal, gold)
- Significant tourism potential
- Institutional stability
- Sensitivity to raw material price movement; the US economic situation
- Relatively undiversified economy (in terms of manufacturing)
- Shortcomings in road and port infrastructures, due to historically low levels of investment
- Problematic security situation due to drug trafficking
- Structural unemployment, poverty and inequality; deficient educational and health care systems
Activity is expected to gain some further strength in 2019
After three years of decelerating activity due to the collapse in oil prices since mid-2014, GDP improved in 2018 thanks to a rebound in prices. Growth was also underpinned by an improvement in exports and household consumption due to the deceleration in inflation and an expansionary fiscal policy. Nevertheless, investments disappointed, with infrastructure investments suffering from some delays due to challenges in achieving financial closure.
The forces present in 2018 should persist in 2019. Private investments should also report higher momentum with the end of the electoral period (pro-business President Ivan Duque took office in August 2018) and with the rise observed in capital goods imports. Nonetheless, possible downside risks are related to the possibility of an escalation in protectionist global trade war and a deepening of the recent sell-off in emerging markets. Moreover, the relatively higher global risk aversion in 2018 prompted some depreciation of the Colombian peso (a movement that is likely to persist in 2019). As inflationary pressures arise from the improvements in domestic demand, some tightening to the monetary cycle will likely be observed this year.
While external deficit narrows, fiscal account remains under close watch
After hitting its worst point in 2016 in the wake of the collapse in oil prices, the current account deficit has since narrowed. In parallel, while oil prices registered a strong improvement during part of 2018, the positive spillover effect on the external account was partly offset by higher imports and by the widening of income deficit (higher profits registered by foreign energy companies). Moreover FDI have comfortably covered this deficit. Nevertheless, there are some risks to be monitored in case of a strong shift in investors' mood toward emerging markets. Colombia counted with an external debt of 37% of GDP as of July 2018. Moreover, foreign capital funds are major holders of the domestic public debt bonds (for instance it held roughly 27% of the TES bond by the end of 2017). In this regard, in order to contain this contagion risk as well as the risk associated with the possible end in 2020 of the IMF Flexible Line Agreement of USD 11.4 billion, the government announced in September 2018 a program of buying dollars to improve reserves (sit at roughly 15% of GDP in October 2018). The fiscal deficit has slightly improved in the last two years, following a tax reform in December 2016 and rebounding oil prices (oil revenues, which represented 3.3% of GDP in 2013, dropped to roughly 0.6% in 2016, and are estimated to reach 1.2% of GDP in 2019). While the country should be able to continue reducing its deficit in 2019, the long term sustainability of public debt is subject to a new tax reform.
The new right-wing President should assure the pro-business environment in the country
Iván Duque, from the centre-right Democratic Center, took office on August 7, 2018. Business-friendly, Mr Duque is a US-educated lawyer who previously worked at the Inter-American Development Bank, and also served as a Senator for Bogotá. He is politically affiliated to former President Álvaro Uribe (2002-10), who is one of the loudest critics of the peace agreement signed between the Colombian government and the former guerrilla group Revolutionary Forces of Colombia (FARC). Mr Duque has inherited several challenges, including bringing economy back to potential growth, leading on the necessary fiscal consolidation, fighting a record level of cocaine production and rising crime rates, as well as a fragile peace process with the FARC. He must also deal with the wave of Venezuelans fleeing from the crisis in their country: UN figures indicate that over 1.6 million Venezuelans have migrated to Colombia since 2015. According to Colombian figures, this wave costs the country roughly 0.5% of its GDP per year.
Mr Duque has pledged to focus on structural reforms, notably for taxes and pensions. In mid-December 2018, after weeks of discussion, Congress approved a revised version of the tax reform. The approved project will increase revenue by COP 7.8 trillion (approximately 0.7% of GDP), almost half of the COP 14 trillion (1.3% of GDP) needed to cover the budget deficit of 2019. In this way, the government will need to freeze spending to meet its fiscal target for 2019. The leaner reform makes it more likely that another tax overhaul will be needed in the coming years.
Last update : February 2019
The invoice is the security title most frequently used for debt collection in Colombia. When a sale has been made, the seller ought to issue one original invoice and two copies. The original must be kept by the seller to be used for legal issues. One copy is then handed to the buyer, and the other is kept by the seller for accounting records.
Other payment methods used in Colombia are bills of exchange, cheques, promissory notes, payment agreements, bonds, bills of landing, or waybills. They are commonly used in domestic business transactions, and tend to be considered as debt recognition titles that can facilitate access to fast-track proceedings before the courts.
Bank transfers are rapidly developing in Colombia. SWIFT bank transfers are becoming a very popular payment method for international transactions. For transactions of high value, payments are made through a national interbank network called SEBRA (Electronic Bank of the Republic) It uses a system of real time settlement. SEBRA turns use two systems CEDEC (Check Clearing System) and CENIT (National Electronic IntTerbank Compensation). For low-value payments, cash and cheque are primarily used.
Debt Collection
Amicable phase
The amicable phase is a recommended alternative to formal proceedings. Under Colombian law, conciliation or mediation hearings before commencing formal proceedings are mandatory. Pre-trial mediation must also be conducted in administrative litigation.
The creditor begins the amicable recovery process by reminding the debtor of the debt owed over the telephone. If this is unsuccessful, through an email or a registered letter the creditor subsequently requests immediate payment of the debt. If the debt is paid, the debtor will not bear the penalty interest, charges nor legal fees.
Legal proceedings
Fast-track proceedings
When the debt is certain and undisputed (such is the case for a bill of exchange), the creditor can initiate summary proceedings to obtain a payment order. The debtor must comply with the decision within 10 days or submit a defence.
Ordinary proceedings
The debtor must be notified through a writ that the judge has authorized the proceedings. The debtor must then answer the claim within 20 days. If the debtor fails to do so, the judge can render a default judgment depriving the defendant from their right to appeal. Otherwise, the court will invite the parties to attend a mediation proceeding in order to reach an agreement. If an agreement cannot be reached, the parties will present their arguments and evidences. Afterwards, the court will render a decision.
In principle, first instance decisions ought to be rendered within a year, while Courts of Appeal will render these within an additional six months period of time. Nevertheless, in practice, Colombian courts are unreliable, and it can take up to five years to obtain a first instance ruling and ten years for a full disputed lawsuit.
Enforcement of a Legal Decision
Domestic judgments become enforceable when all venues of appeal have been exhausted. Compulsory enforcement occurs through the seizure and auctioning of the debtor's assets. Nevertheless, collection of the debt from a third party is possible through a garnishment order.
For foreign awards, domestic courts will normally enforce them provided that they have been recognized by the Supreme Court through the exequatur procedure. Colombian courts will not recognize foreign decisions issued in countries which do not recognize Colombian decisions.
Insolvency Proceedings
Insolvency proceedings in Colombia are ruled by the 2006 Colombian Insolvency Act, which sets out reorganizations proceedings and judicial liquidation proceedings.
In cases of insolvency or bankruptcy, the process must be filed with the Superintendencia de Sociedades with the requirements of the law 1116 of 2006. The case will then be assigned to an agent or liquidator, according to the situation of the debtor company.
Out-of Court proceedings
Debtors may discuss debt restructuration agreements with their creditors before becoming insolvent. The final agreement must be validated by an insolvency judge.
The proceedings start by filling of a petition by the debtor, one or more of the creditors, or by the Superintendent. If admitted, the debtor is deemed insolvent and all enforcement claims are stayed. The reorganization plan is submitted by the debtor, and the creditors and the judge must approve it. The court may designate a "promoter" in order to manage the business.
This occurs as a result of a failure to reach a reorganization compromise, or when the debtor has failed to abide by the negotiated terms. It can be requested by the debtor and the creditors. A liquidator is appointed to establish a list of creditors' claims and to manage the estate's liquidation.


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Robert Griffin III remains on an accelerated schedule in his return from surgery to repair his anterior cruciate ligament.
The Washington Redskins quarterback told reporters Thursday that he has been doing more light sprinting, has been cleared for cross-field drills and ran two miles earlier in the week. Griffin's next step is to graduate to "explosive sprinting," but he realizes he has to be "patiently aggressive."
Griffin's most interesting revelation Thursday was that the injury has allowed him to do more film study, both on his own and with coaches. With his knee currently slowing him down, Griffin already sees progress in going through his reads and progressions rather than opting to take off and run when pressured.
Griffin previously has insisted that he's definitely on a timeline for a Week 1 return. To this point, we've seen nothing that would lead us to believe that will not be the case. As Dr. James Andrews put it earlier this offseason, Griffin and Minnesota Vikings running back Adrian Peterson simply are exceptional natural athletes and genetic freaks.
Other nuggets from the Redskins on Thursday:
» Coach Mike Shanahan had high praise for wide receiver Aldrick Robinson, who is making strides and enjoying a "heck of a" minicamp. Robinson has been a one-trick pony as a deep threat to this point in his career.
» Shanahan noted that wide receiver Leonard Hankerson has been fully healthy this offseason for the first time in his three-year career. The Redskins have noticed more growth and expect Hankerson to develop this year.
» Defensive end Jarvis Jenkins started slowly last season after undergoing ACL surgery. He has made "tremendous strides," and Shanahan notices a "big difference" this year.
» Veteran defensive lineman Adam Carriker remains without a timetable for a return to practice after undergoing surgery to repair a torn quadriceps tendon last September.
Follow Chris Wesseling on Twitter @ChrisWesseling.


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How to Use
Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park is a cooperative effort between the National Park Service and four partners. The sites associated with the park are The Wright Cycle Company Complex, including The Wright Cycle Company building and the Wright-Dunbar Interpretive Center (the restored Hoover block Building) and Aviation Trail Visitor Center and museum; Huffman Prairie Flying Field, where the brothers continued experimenting after their flights at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, and Huffman Prairie Flying Field Interpretive Center; John W. Berry, Sr. Wright Brothers Aviation Center that is part of Carillon Historical Park where the 1905 Wright Flyer III is displayed; and the Paul Laurence Dunbar State Memorial.
1. Using an atlas in your classroom or school library, locate Dayton, Ohio on a map of the United States.
2. Examine Map 1b. Find Third and Williams Streets. These are the street locations of both the Hoover block and The Wright Cycle Company building. What is their proximity to each other and the Great Miami River?
3. Why do you think there are so many sites included as part of Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park? What other aviation-related landmarks are noted on Maps 1a & 1b that are not part of the park?
* The maps on this screen have a resolution of 72 dots per inch (dpi), and therefore will print poorly. You can obtain a larger version of Map 1a and Map 1b, but be aware that each file may take as much as 40 seconds to load with a 28.8K modem.


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Please select the appropriate Siwpas Enterprise distribution for your production environment.
OW' Siwpas Linux (0)
OW2 is an independent, global, open-source software community. The mission of OW2 is to a) promote the development of open-source middleware, generic business applications, cloud computing platforms and b) foster a vibrant community and business ecosystem. OW2 developments follow a flexible, component-based approach. These components range from specific software frameworks, protocols and applications through to integrated, service-oriented platforms for enterprise computing.


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2017 Ford F-150 XLT
- Condition: Used
- Model: F-150
- Trim: XLT
- Body style: Pickup
- Exterior: Shadow Black
- Interior: Medium Earth Gray w/Cloth 40/20/40 Front Seat
- Doors: 4
- Stock: 4121
- Model number: W1E
- Mileage: 89629
- Engine: 5.0L V8 FFV
- Transmission: 6-Speed Automatic Electronic
- Fuel: Flex Fuel
- Drivetrain: 4WD
- Upholstery: Cloth
Black 2017 Ford F-150 XLT 4WD 6-Speed Automatic Electronic 5.0L V8 FFV
F-150 XLT, 4D SuperCrew, 5.0L V8 FFV, 6-Speed Automatic Electronic, 4WD, Black, Medium Earth Gray w/Cloth 40/20/40 Front Seat, ABS brakes, Class IV Trailer Hitch Receiver, Compass, Electronic Stability Control, Illuminated entry, Low tire pressure warning, Pro Trailer Backup Assist, Remote keyless entry, Traction control, Trailer Tow Package, Upgraded Front Stabilizer Bar.
* 2017 KBB.com 10 Most Awarded Brands * 2017 KBB.com Brand Image Awards
Google Us
We know it is scary thinking about who you are buying a vehicle from right? I mean everyone says they do this and they do that, but we know the questions and stress is still there! We are passionate about making friends and making the entire process easy so we "urge" you to Google us!! Seriously, go out to google.com type in Richmond Car and Truck Center reviews and see what all our new friends are saying about us! We want you to know without a shadow of a doubt that your new friends at Richmond Car and Truck are passionate about making your next car buying experience fun and simple!
Call Us!
We have tried our very best to give as much information as possible while being totally transparent about the vehicle and our crazy awesome team but know there are always more questions! We are not going to bombard you with pressure or crazy sales jargon. We are going to answer all your questions and you have all the control! We are passionate about making friends, making a difference and selling cars! NOT pressuring or badgering folks, so IT'S totally safe! Give us a call or email us!!
Vehicle History and Quality
We know there are lots of questions! Where did the vehicle come from? Who owned it previously? What was it used for? Was it maintained on a regular basis? Was it ever involved in an accident? At Richmond Car and Truck Center we believe in total transparency working hard to bring you as much information as we can. We provide every customer with the actual Carfax Vehicle History Report and Remaining Warranty Information. Every retail vehicle goes through a lengthy, thorough service and quality inspection. Realizing these are not new vehicles, we walk around and personally drive each vehicle, making sure to let you know of any defects if we know of them giving you the confidence you need while purchasing your next vehicle!


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AN animal welfare activist has vowed not to rest until the owner of dangerous dogs at Mirrabooka is banned from keeping dogs.
Callie Redman, of Macquarie Hills, is taking her case to the Ombudsman, Police Commissioner, Lake Macquarie mayor Jodie Harrison and Charlestown MP Andrew Cornwell.
She has met Cr Harrison and spoken on the phone to Mr Cornwell, who chairs the state government's Companion Animals Taskforce.
Ms Redman said Mr Cornwell told her the council had the power to act.
''He told me the council needs to go to court and seek an order for the owner to be banned from owning animals,'' Ms Redman said.
A council statement said that councils had the ability, under state law, to recommend to a local court that it ''remove a person's right to register and own a dog, where sufficient evidence exists''.
''It is too early to speculate how this incident will proceed legally as council's investigation is ongoing,
and police investigations continue as well,'' it said.
The owner of the dogs said he was aware that Ms Redman had investigated dogs at his property.
''She has been for a long time,'' the owner said.
''I'm not going to get into a discussion about it.''
Cr Barry Johnston said the council should get tougher on protecting the public from dangerous dogs.
Ms Redman gave evidence to the council, RSPCA, police and state government in late 2011 and early 2012 about dangerous and allegedly mistreated dogs at the property, but the problem was not solved.
Last May, two American Staffordshire terriers from the property jumped two two-metre fences and attacked Natalie Southam, leaving her with injuries to her ear, neck and arms that required 19 stitches.
The Newcastle Herald reported last week that Lee Smith, Ms Southam's partner, killed two vicious American Staffordshire terriers that were mauling his dog to death.
The dogs came from the same property and police are investigating the incident.
The owner of the dogs said there was more to the story.
''There's plenty to come out very shortly,'' the owner said.
Ms Redman said the council and RSPCA should have taken action before the attacks.
She alleged dogs at the property had been ''emotionally and physically abused and kept in appalling conditions''.
The council and RSPCA have said they investi-
gated, but did not have enough evidence to act before Ms Southam was attacked.
The council did act after the attack on Ms Southam, prosecuting the dog owner and destroying the dogs.
As for the dogs that attacked Mr Smith's dog last Tuesday, the council said they were seized and remain at the RSPCA pound, pending the completion of investigations.
Callie Redman, from Animal Liberation NSW, with her dog Lochie. Picture: Anita Jones


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Upside DownSunday, January 25th, 2009
I'm sure many of you have wondered just where I have gone and why I have not posted. Life here on the farm, well life in general, has been turned upside down. We just completed our first cleanout and got our second flock of birds. Generally farms get around 7 weeks to do their cleanout, but due to high demand for Cobb birds because of their good feed conversion, we only got about 4 weeks to get through the whole process. Cleanout was a real inconvenience mostly because our original equipment installer used a very light duty S hook to support our nests. Once the weight of the nests was winched up the S hooks failed sending the nests right back to the ground in a crumpled mess. Lots of hard work and hundreds of pop rivots later we have the nests back in fairly good shape. The only real high point of the whole cleanout happened at the very start. We were finally able to strike a deal with our local Mahindra dealer and pick up a 3316 HST with the ML 111 loader and 3710 backhoe. It is a real little workhorse and I absolutely love the HST transmission. Haven't put the backhoe to much use yet, but I'm looking forward to summer and improving all the drains and ditches around the farm with it.
As if being rushed to get 6 weeks work done in 4 wasn't enough Bj was very seriously injured in an automobile accident. She was returning home during a winter storm and slid off the road and over an embankment. Fortunately she was alone. She has multiple fractures in her back, a fracture at the base of her neck, cracked ribs, a collapsed lung, multiple breaks and serious lacerations in her left arm, and a cracked pelvis. Looking at her car I'd say she is very lucky to be alive. Her car overturned and she was partially ejected and the car pinned her left arm underneath. She was airlifted to The University of Kentucky Hospital where she has undergone 2 surgeries to date.
Even with all the hard work and a bit of bad luck things are clucking along here just at a bit slower pace. All the children are happy and healthy and we are very fortunate to have that. Katie is spending 99% of her time here on the farm with us and that is a real blessing. Makayla is doing very well in her cheerleading endeavors and will be attending the national competition in Myrtle Beach, S.C.. Garett is still being his bookworm self and doing extremely well in school. Madison trudges behind me most evey step looking for any opportunity to ride horses. We are all looking forward to warmer weather and the fun and work it brings. For now though we need lots of prayers for Bj's speedy recovery.
Construction on our second set of houses is progressing slowly and I will be adding pics to the site as time allows and I will make time to keep everyone up to speed as much as possible on the goings on of the farm and Bj's recovery. Thanks for reading and remember us in your prayers.


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U.S. Citizens working abroad:
Employers' Tax Problems
and Responsibilities
by D. Bradley McWilliams
The last two decades have seen an unmatched expansion
in the overseas operations of U. S. companies.
Although the trend is to staff overseas operations with
as many foreign nationals as possible, every year sees
a growth in the number of U. S. citizens working abroad.
Thus, the problem of taxing the expatriate employee,
the U. S. citizen working abroad, is of increasing concern.
There have been numerous articles written on the
tax problems confronting the expatriate employee, but
few exist which have dealt with the equally complex
problems of his employer. This article is intended to fill
that gap.
The application of income tax withholding and social
security to an expatriate presents unusual problems. To
set the stage for a review of these problems, a brief
outline of the basic fact patterns is appropriate. An
expatriate assigned or transferred to a foreign subsidiary
company may remain entirely on the payroll of the
parent company even though he performs all of his
services for the subsidiary company. Arrangements of
this type are generally the result of the tax laws or practices
in the country to which he is assigned. The expatriate
may, however, be paid exclusively by the foreign
subsidiary or he may be paid in part by the parent


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Excerpt from the interview, Paul Horn: Music and Time
Q: Your use of space between played notes, as Miles Davis practiced, is present in your playing. Is this approach something you developed?
PH: Exactly. Well he was my main teacher, good fortune for me, I had an opportunity to spend a lot of time with Miles, and we became close friends. And every time he came out to Los Angeles and played with his band, whatever band that was at the time, his great band with John Coltrane and Miles, we'd hang out a lot and I was very influenced by him. In many ways, as a person and as a musician, and he would always talk about space.
Anytime we'd go into some other club to listen for some other player, that I was impressed with, I'd say, "What do you think of that, Miles?" because the guy had a great technique and he was executing his ideas well and Miles was not impressed, he said, "He's playing too many notes. " That's all he'd say. "Too many notes, too many notes." Then it got me to think that, most musicians think that way. You know if you have a lot of technique and you work years and years and years to develop your technique, it's pretty hard not to use it. So the challenge is- less is more.
And that's a sign of maturity. I don't think that when you're very young that you're ready for that yet because you've got too much energy. You're like an athlete, you can't tell an athlete to run slow. But when you're playing an instrument, a musical instrument, it definitely is muscular as well as other factors, so it's hard when you want to slow down, you want to move fast. You've worked hard on your technique to play a lot of notes, but all you're doing is playing a lot of notes.
The challenge is to play the right note, in the right place, in the right sequence of notes and leave space around it so it can breathe. And the day came when that really sunk in, and I think it's very important.
And if you had that, if you had that in mind, when you listen to records now or any live performance, you become very aware of the person that is performing and if that person is using space at all, and if so, is it used well? It's a very important part of the music I think.
Link here for the full interview: http://www.snapshotsfoundation.com/paul-horn-interview


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New ICBM missiles at North Korea parade 'fake'
Earlier this month at a parade in Pyongyang, the North Korean authorities caught the attention of a number of western experts by displaying what appeared to be six road-mobile inter-continental ballistic missiles.
It was the first time that this system had been seen in public and it appeared to mark yet another step forward in North Korea's ambitious missile development programme.
But now, after a careful study of pictures from the parade, a team of German arms experts thinks the missiles are not quite what they seem.
The North Korean authorities clearly intended the parade to impress onlookers with a display of military might.
The six new long-range missiles carried on top of massive, wheeled transporter vehicles certainly provoked interest.
For a start many analysts wondered where these giant vehicles had come from.
There were strong indications that they may actually have been supplied by a Chinese company. Beijing might well be embarrassed to be seen to be supporting Pyongyang's missile development programme.
But now attention has switched back to the missiles themselves, for, after a careful study of images from the parade, two German missile experts, Markus Schiller and Robert Schmucker, have published a paper suggesting that the North Korean missiles are fakes - elaborate mock-ups and not the real thing.
'Something wrong'
Markus Schiller explained why the North Korean parade had aroused his suspicions.
"If you take a close look at the displayed missiles," he said, "there are many details that are plainly wrong, indicating that there might be something wrong with the whole programme.
North Korea's missiles: Mock-ups or real?
"Missiles are highly complex weapons. Unlike a satellite launcher, you do not build a prototype that you launch once and then incorporate all the lessons learned into the next prototype.
"With missiles, you produce a whole batch of identical systems, usually with a proven design. Otherwise you have no idea whether the weapon will really work when push comes to shove.
"The displayed missiles all have minor differences in detail that add up to major differences in configuration and design. You will never see this in real missiles," he said.
His conclusion: The missiles paraded by the North Koreans were mock-ups and for now at least, Pyongyang does not have a functioning intercontinental ballistic missile.
A detailed analysis of the weapons show several problem areas. For one thing, there is no obvious line of separation between the warhead and the third stage of the missile.
There are also basic questions about how it is fuelled. At first glance it looks like a solid-fuel system, which is what you would expect for a road-mobile system.
"But," Markus Schiller said, "you can see markings on the stages that look like propellant fill or drain valves - you don't have that for solid-fuelled rockets. And so far, all of the bigger North Korean missiles were liquid-fuelled.
"The technology is totally different, perhaps comparable to a piston engine and a gas turbine, or an electric motor. Therefore, it seems consistent that this missile is liquid-fuelled, and not solid-fuelled.
But he adds: "As long as we have never seen one of these missiles lift off, there still is a third possibility: The missile is neither liquid- nor solid-fuelled. There simply is no missile."
'Common practice'
In fairness, the two German experts do note that showing mock-ups of weapons at parades is not an exclusively North Korean deception.
Markus Schiller said that in a way, he was surprised at people's surprise.
"Showing mock-ups at parades actually is a common practice," he said. "We know that only inert training devices were presented at East German parades, and I am pretty sure that they did exactly as they had learned from their Soviet brothers."
"You also see mock-ups at parades in Iran or Pakistan, for example. The missiles that North Korea displayed in 2010 - the Musudan and the Nodong - also were mock-ups, but of even worse quality than the new KN-08 mock-ups."
So, why show such mock-ups at all?
"Because real missiles are precious and could be damaged during parades," Markus Schiller said.
But another motive, he suggests, might be quite explicitly "to change some details and drive the other side's analysts crazy, or to pretend that you have something that you actually don't have. There is a very long history of this last aspect."
Other analysts agree that North Korea has shown mock-ups of missiles in the past, but that eventually this technology has appeared in real weapons.
So are the six dubious missiles trundled out in this month's parade a pointer to what may be coming, or an elaborate ruse to confuse western defence analysts?
Either way, the North Koreans have certainly attracted those experts' attention.


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August 7, 2007, 11:35 am
UN peacekeeping in Iraq
A recent and little-noted political development offers a ray of hope
for the future of Iraq. A draft resolution being circulated in the
Security Council of the United Nations by the United States and Britain
proposes a greatly expanded political role for the U.N. in Iraq to try
to heal the sectarian divide in that country. This is a sign that the
administration is beginning to realize the advantages of a less
unilateral approach to foreign policy, as exemplified by the recent
statements of the new U.S. Ambassador to the U.N., Zalmay Khalilzad. Read more…


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Large Square Dump Bin – Fully Printed
Quantity Pricing
Remember, the higher the quantity you order the lower the unit price becomes!
For the final price and cost per unit please add your desired quantity to the basket.
Please note that generally cardboard displays are supplied flat for assembly at point of use.
Our team will be happy to discuss your requirements and provide a quote for made up units delivered on pallets direct to store for fulfilment or ready filled with your products.
(01777) 714161
Weight disclaimer: Our units are robust but it is very important to prove them capable for your particular application prior to use.
Product Description
Clay Coated EB-Fluted Board
What can YES POS Offer?
Artwork Guide
All of our POS and POP units can be customised with your own branding and artwork. Customising your unit is as easy as 1-2-3… We are here to walk you through the process from beginning to end.
Customising your unit is as easy as 1-2-3…
Step 1.YES POS will provide a template for our "off the shelf" units.
The area to be printed will be clearly marked.Step 2.
You add your design to the template & return to YES POS.Step 3.
We will check the artwork is setup correctly for print & send a proof for you to sign off prior to printing.
- Artwork templates for your order will be emailed to you and will also be available to download from "My account" page.
We provide a wide range of post production solutions. In its simplest form this may be distributing finished items to multiple locations around the country.
We are also comfortable to undertake more complex fulfilment, such as picking several items in varying quantities and amalgamating these into larger consignments.
Another Yes POS speciality is to have your product delivered to our facility for packing into the POS prior to despatch to stores. This has the advantage of ensuring the product is displayed just as intended and reduces the training and reliance on a large number of staff out in the field.
We can send your POS units flat packed for self assembly or pre built for your products.
You can also send us your products and we will ship direct to store for instant use. contact for more info.


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GUATEMALA CITY (AP) — A former U.S.-backed dictator who presided over one of the bloodiest periods of Guatemala's civil war has no amnesty from charges he ordered the murder, torture and displacement of thousands of Mayan Indians, a judge ruled Thursday.
The decision to strip ex-Gen. Efrain Rios Montt of the pardon granted by his successor more than a quarter-century ago will be appealed to Guatemala's highest court, his defense said. That means any trial of the 85-year-old former strongman could be months or years away.
Nonetheless, human rights advocates said, Judge Miguel Angel Galvez's decision is an important symbolic victory for the victims of one of the most horrific of the conflicts that devastated Central America during the last decades of the Cold War.
Guatemala's leaders have been criticized for years for their inability or unwillingness to prosecute government forces and allied paramilitaries accused of marching into Mayan villages, carrying out rapes and torture, and slaughtering women, children and unarmed men in a "scorched earth" campaign aimed at eliminating the support for a left-wing guerrilla movement.
Despite a series of international inquiries finding him responsible for war crimes, Rios Montt served as a Guatemalan congressman for 15 years until he lost a re-election race late last year. He had held immunity from prosecution while a member of Congress and was put under house arrest after losing his post.
One of the highest priorities of the president who won last year's election, Otto Perez Molina, has been campaigning for the elimination of a U.S. ban on military aid to Guatemala, which is locked in a fight against heavily armed drug cartels that have taken over swathes of the country.
Among the conditions set by the U.S. Congress for restoring the aid is reforming Guatemala's justice system and putting an end to impunity.
The decision to hold Rios Montt responsible for war crimes committed during his 1982-83 regime could stand as a precedent in the cases of two other former generals accused alongside Rios Montt and of dozens of other lower-ranking military men accused of participating in atrocities, victims' advocates said.
"This proves that Guatemala's judiciary is willing to uphold their international responsibilities even against the most powerful and this is significant," said Marcie Mersky, program director for the International Center for Transitional Justice in New York.
Galvez ruled that a 1986 amnesty law passed by Gen. Oscar Mejia Victores, who ousted Rios Montt, was invalidated by an international treaty against genocide that Guatemala signed in 1949.
Rios Montt is accused of authorizing 1,400 human rights violations, the displacement of 29,000 indigenous Guatemalans and 1,771 killings, many under a program intended to completely eliminate an indigenous Mayan ethnic group known as the Ixil.
"There are crimes like genocide and crimes against humanity that have no statute of limitations, and for that reason there can be no amnesty decree," Galvez said.
Hundreds of Mayans from Quiche province, where most of the massacres occurred, attended the hearing and ran after Rios Montt as he left the courtroom, impassive and silent. The Indians were blocked from reaching Rios Montt by soldiers and his bodyguards.
When the charges were brought in January, Rios Montt told the court, "I understand what the prosecution is saying and I won't respond." He later added, "The point is to do justice, not vengeance."
Edgar Perez, a lawyer representing the victims, said the ruling "means that a fair trial is being held, because these are crimes of international importance."
Defense lawyer Francisco Palomo said the judge's decision would be appealed.
"This is a long process, and the Constitutional Court (Guatemala's highest tribunal) will be the one to decide," Palomo said.
Rios Montt, who took power in a 1982 coup and was toppled the following year, was appealing charges filed in January by another judge, the first time a Latin American court had charged a former president with genocide.
The former dictator was told not to communicate with others accused in the case, which also involves former Gens. Mauricio Rodriguez Sanchez and Hector Mario Lopez Fuentes, the army chief of staff under Rios Montt.
Both men are in their 80s and say poor health has kept them from court proceedings.
Guatemala judge denies ex-dictator's amnesty claim
GUATEMALA CITY (AP) — A former U.S.-backed dictator who presided over one of the bloodiest periods of Guatemala's civil war has no amnesty from charges he ordered the murder, torture and displacement of thousands of Mayan Indians, a judge ruled Thursday.


text:
12 January 2010
Weardobe 100
I just wanted to say a quick thank you to Weardrobe for featuring me in their Weardrobe 100 of 2009! It was so nice to be included and even better to be featured right across from the lovely Glamourai! Isn't she the epitome of a cool NY gal? If you haven't checked it out yet, hop right over to flip through the pages. If you're like me, you'll discover tons of new blogs to follow!
See More: As Seen In
12 comments:
- Isabel said...
Congrats, lady!
- January 12, 2010
- Meaghan Kelly said...
congratulations! you deserve it!
- January 12, 2010
- Ana said...
Congratulations, you look great! I just joined Weardrobe this week, and it's a great new addiction :o)
- January 12, 2010
- Initials.CC said...
félicitation !!!
- January 12, 2010
- Rosie said...
Awesome, you go girl! I love that purple dress from UO, too bad I didn't buy it when I had the chance. Looks great on you!
- January 12, 2010
- Vera said...
Ha, I already did and that's the reason I found you ;-)!
- January 12, 2010
- MOUSEVOX VINTAGE said...
yay! congrats!
- January 12, 2010
- Robyn said...
I love that they featured you next to the Glamourai. Two of my favorite blogs. Congrats.
- January 12, 2010
- Patty said...
Oh I love that Weardrobe feature! It definitely led me to some new blogs to follow. Congratulations on being included in the list! :)
- January 12, 2010
- twila said...
i'm so happy for you. adore that dress!!
- January 12, 2010
- Move said...
congrats!, you really deserve it
- January 12, 2010
- Aline said...
congratulations, that's awesome!
- January 14, 2010
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46 HASKINS & SELLS August Verifying the Cash THE term "verification of cash" connotes more than the mere counting of the physical cash on hand and reconciling of the bank accounts at a given date. It suggests an operation which brings into play the combined knowledge, skill, ingenuity and resourcefulness of the auditor in satisfying himself that the balance of cash as claimed is correct in every sense of the word. The client in submitting the cash accounts for audit fondly hopes that they are correct. Modern business organization demands usually that the function of handling the cash be delegated to some employe. The employer is careful in the selection of such employe; he takes the precaution to bond him; he observes his conduct, sometimes outside as well as inside of the office, but he is not quite satisfied as to his fidelity and efficiency until his work has been independently reviewed. The unbounded confidence which the client usually has in the ability of the auditor places a great moral responsibility on the latter. Lest this confidence be misplaced it is incumbent that the auditor equip himself to uncover any irregularity of which the cashier may be guilty. To do this, careful analysis of the work of the cashier, with the possible irregularities, is necessary. The balance of cash is impliedly what it is shown to be by the books. The amount is the correct amount judged in the light of the contributing causes. The factors which comprise the balance are bona fide outgrowths of the preceding operations and not substitutions arranged for the occasion. In the normal situation there are a certain number of standard operations involved in handling the cash. There is first the receipt of the cash; next the entry on the receipt side of the cash book; putting the money in the cash box or depositing it in the bank. There follows at one time or another the footing of the receipt side of the cash book and carrying forward the footings. The other operations consist in drawing checks or paying out the cash, entering the disbursements in the cash book, footing and carrying forward the disbursement side, and striking the balance. If all these are carried out faithfully and accurately the balance resulting from the count and the reconciliation of the bank accounts will agree with the balance shown by the cash book. In any well ordered modern concern all receipts will be deposited in the bank. No disbursements will be made otherwise than by check, except small amounts which will be paid out of a fund regularly established by the drawing of a check and consequently controlled. Unfortunately, all concerns are not well ordered nor are they modern. Cash receipts are frequently used for disbursements. Unused balances of pay-roll check proceeds are thrown into the cash. Cash is drawn from the bank by check for hand disbursement. Checks and cash are used interchangeably. The lot of the auditor is made considerably more difficult where such conditions exist, but he is none the less responsible, even though it may almost be said that any concern which knowingly permits such practices deserves no sympathy if a shortage occurs. The present discussion will probably be much clearer if the consideration of these exceptions is postponed until after taking up a case in which there is a good system and modern practice prevails. The various ways in which the cashier may bring about irregularities are as follows: Failing to enter a cash receipt; entering it short; underfooting the receipt side of the cash book; carrying forward a footing on the receipt side short; understating a balance when carrying it forward; making entries for disbursements where no cash is paid out; drawing checks to fictitious persons or persons in collusion; overstating an entry on the disbursement side of the cash book; overfooting a disbursement page; carrying forward a footing on the disbursement side for more than it should be; stating a balance incorrectly. (To be continued) C
Object Description
Verifying the cash
Cash flow -- Accounting
Accounts receivable
Haskins & Sells Bulletin, Vol. 01, no. 06 (1918 August 15), p. 46
Haskins & Sells Bulletin, Vol. 01, no. 07 (1918 September 15), p. 56-57
Haskins & Sells Bulletin, Vol. 01, no. 08 (1918 October 15), p. 64-65
|Originally published by: Haskins & Sells
|Deloitte Digital Collection
|Digital Publisher
|University of Mississippi Libraries. Accounting Collection
|Date-Digitally Created
|HS Bulletin 1-6-p46


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What Is Autonomy and Who Is Mike Lynch?
Hewlett-Packard has claimed that the leadership at Autonomy, the software firm it acquired last year, misrepresented its performance as the deal was being negotiated. WSJ's Ben Rooney profiles the company and its founder, Mike Lynch. Photo: Bloomberg
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
I the the ... all this level seen in ... his nations to cancel ... the need for Cecil wet and cold lost it ... saying that they have to take an eight point eight ... billion dollars write down ... all to play the country's leadership Britvic's representatives performance as the deal is being negotiated Portugal's tap at its annual been rainy joins me now than ... Sears allegations of us went out of the already allegations of solidity and being refuted by ... strongly refute or nifty to buy the full amount from so many ... of ... just going to fix the background about the deal I'm very briefly ... um or Tony is a company and built in Cambridge ... on one of the absence of jewels in the Cambridge Crown ... aam but such is aam structured pieces and softly Nkumbi you put into ... into a database ... on it was sold to Autonomy for a run about ten point two five billion dollars ... monitors substantial premium on the share price of the time was assumption on cent premium ... aisle on all the time and was the isthe citizens held one ... in one of the great deals Mike Lynch the ... the founder of all all the company ... was held is UnitedHealthcare elicited a tall might get ... a carrot ... yet the isthe is a strong part of the of the strongly held views that were that way ... I'm he's an interesting thing up ... aam but this to me this is I Phones crushed described as just talk and what his colleagues ... I've described is exceptionally bright even by Cambridge standards ... and very very driven very focused I'd Maxima couple of times ... I might be best to try to save him is he's not a man to suffer fools gladly ... I was so Byron should rise on ... a little bit ... I bought he's in he's ... one of the reasons for comes great successes at keeping ... my can just ... use a piece of talking to people in the business he's an extremely cold battery battery called the salesman said he's actually doing this thing through one episode four suppose now ... now I mean I know it's what ... what what HP to say about ... economy ... investors were a few is because they said they paid ... I'm based in the UK has been raising questions about to or on his body for some it's all I can ... I say they were ... in a ... film about it ... um ... well I spent some items about this one at the time that the deal ... and he has consistently isn't on time as the asthe CEO of the foot C one hundred company ... maintain the London on the vine use technology companies and you know that they ... have a great many technology companies and refuse to number them to ... um and and this gem for this section of a general feeling that that London is not particularly strong in technology that we see moves ... by the British government on London stocks and to change that but as they say what it was ... seconds has been consistent but isn't on time ... as the CEO was one hundred company alright I'm out if these allegations ... temperature ... what does that say about ... why the foot C one hundred company I mean ... the circles when this is all sorted out aam somebody is going to end up in a very very bad position and D ... on Oli that teach these allegations will be held up in which this is extremely doubtful that this is at the foot C one hundred of ... them in a Chinese company with a guy ... who will use this Chinese ... I mean this is the foot C one hundred company said if it's the other way round of the times I've actually been vindicated this is extremely bad for HP and I'm I'm I'm ... in HB downtown ... to recall buying companies and that not having to be in and take big hits on them to the yes it did with that one at ... home ... so it's been it's on jump to conclusions he I mean this still has a low strike in the adage is performing badly ... I'm and that's unit to speak Apple ... yes I agree on that lets you all will be an ... actual yet exactly so so that holds on to any


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valentine's day flowers rush limbaugh
Order flowers online from The Flower Factory for delivery in Sydney, Australia or overseas! Australia s leading online florist for affordable, quality blooms get the all facts about valentine. It may still be winter with fields covered in snow, but around Valentine s Day, brilliant blooms abound as bouquets of flowers fill the shops homemade valentine s day cards using stamping, quilling, block-printing, and glittering techniques. Ottawa florist shop Ottawa s Premier Florist & Valentine s Day Flowers delivery Ottawa flowers whether you re planning to give or hoping to receive flowers this valentine s day, brushing up on the meaning behind the blooms will likely inform your choices or. Just like people, flowers come in hundreds of shapes and sizes same day flower delivery in the us and canada. When it comes to Valentine s Day gifts, carefully selecting the flower varieties and colors you send beautiful flowers, reasonable prices, and reliable service. Intro: Coffee Filter Flowers! Great for Valentine s Day and Spring! Coffee Filter Flowers tutorial we offer flower delivery to over 150 countries including. If you haven t made these yet valentine's day flower delivery just in time for february 14th. you should! Find out more about Valentine s Day, including the story of its origin, symbols, and traditions valentine s day flowers are hand-arranged and delivered by a local florist. Get all the facts on History order a romantic bouquet. com send some hand-delivered valentine s flowers to your loved one. Roses of different colors carry different meanings and messages expertly prepared and available with same day delivery from interflora get vibrant valentine s day flowers from fresh flowers to get free chocolates & guaranteed arrival on valentine s day. Know about the association of different roses as Valentine s Day flowers order online with us today! valentine s day is the perfect time to express your love to your family in the most extraordinary way. FTD florist online delivery flowers bring smiles on the faces of your mom/ dad/ bro/ sis. Same day delivery by FTD florists find out more about the history of history of valentine's day, including videos, interesting articles, pictures, historical features and more. We can assure you the highest quality and service get all the facts on. Flowers delivery is what we do best find the best value on valentine s day flowers this season. We from valentine s roses to lily bouquets, send the best valentine s day flower delivery. Send quality Valentine's Day Flowers, Hampers and Gifts throughout South Africa send the freshest flowers sourced directly from farms. Same day delivery, excellent customer service and satisfaction guaranteed! Valentine s Day Flowers wide selection of floral arrangements. Send her the best flowers for Valentine s Day 2017! For a classic Valentine s flower gift send an arrangement of red roses 99% on-time flower delivery. Valentine s flowers delivery and gifts show how much you care on this romantic holiday, from red roses with chocolates to stuffed teddy bears! Valentine s Day - Find out more information about Valentines day 2017, including the story of its origin, symbols, and traditions 7-day freshness guaranteed. Get the all facts about Valentine


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The following situation is ubiquitous in mathematical physics. Let $\Lambda_N$ be a finite-size lattice with linear size $N$. An typical example would be the subset of $\mathbb{Z}\times\mathbb{Z}$ given by those pairs of integers $(j,k)$ such that $j,k \in$ { $0,\ldots,N-1$}. On each vertex $j$ of the lattice place a copy of the vector space $\mathbb{C}^d$. The total space will be the tensor product of all of these spaces. Then define a Hamiltonian acting on this total space as follows: $$ H = \sum_{k \in \Lambda_N} h_k$$ for some Hermitian matrices $h_k$ which act like the identity everywhere except on the vector spaces located on site $k$ and in the neighborhood surrounding $k$. Typically, one is interested in the case where there is a translational symmetry (except at the boundary) in the definition of the $h_k$. Denote the eigenvalues of $H$ in increasing order by $\lambda_1 \le \lambda_2 \le \ldots \le \lambda_M$.
For an arbitrary fixed family of Hamiltonians $H$, what proof techniques exist for computing an upper and a lower bound on $\Delta = \lambda_2 - \lambda_1$ as a function of $N$? In particular, we want to know if $\Delta$ decays to zero as a function of $N$, or if it is lower-bounded by some constant independent of $N$.
The gap $\Delta$ is the energy gap between the ground state and the first excited state of an interacting quantum system. Understanding this quantity tremendously impacts our understanding of the different phases of matter, but it is extremely difficult to compute or even bound for all but the simplest cases (like when all the $h_k$ commute). This difficulty persists even when there is significant additional (physically motivated) structure in the problem, such as considering only $h_k$ which are projectors, and where there is a unique zero-energy eigenstate (all others having positive energy for any finite $N$).
More general formulations of this question also have applications to expansion properties of graphs, mixing times of Markov chains, and many other things. I'm happy to hear answers related to these as well, but I'm hoping to find answers that are useful for the structure of local Hamiltonians, as defined above.


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Cameron University's Bill W. Burgess Jr. Business Research Center (BRC) will host "The Changing Dynamics of Energy: Looking Back to Go Forward," a business forum focusing on Oklahoma's oil and gas industry. The keynote address will be delivered by Corporation Commissioner Dana Murphy. The Oklahoma Corporation Commission regulates oil and gas drilling, production and environmental protection, within the state of Oklahoma. The forum will take place on Tuesday, September 24, at 1 p.m. in the CETES Conference Center and is open to the public at no cost.
"The oil and gas industry plays a critical role in the stability and dynamism of the state's economy," says Dr. Syed Ahmed, Director, Bill W. Burgess Jr. Business Research Center. "The impact of Oklahoma's existing oil and gas sites will be multiplied greatly by the controversial Keystone pipeline project which is slated to traverse the state of Oklahoma. Our expert speakers will address the variety of challenges, opportunities and issues that exist within this crucial economic sector."
Commissioner Murphy will address the impact of the rapid and significant changes in the oil and gas industry, including the areas of technology, water conservation, air quality, and electric infrastructure. She has more than 20 years of experience in the petroleum industry including owning and operating her own private law practice specializing in oil and gas title, regulatory practice and transactional work and working as a geologist in the Oklahoma petroleum industry. She was elected to the Oklahoma Corporation Commission in November 2008.
Following her presentation, Murphy will participate in a panel discussion with David Blatt, Director, Oklahoma Policy Institute; David J. Bond, Director of External Relations, Oklahoma Council of Public Affairs; J. Terry Snider, Vice President of Production and Exploration and Co-Owner, Perkins Energy Company; and Chad Warmington, President, Mid-Continent Oil and Gas Association.
For more information, contact Dr. Syed Ahmed at 581-2430.
September 12, 2013


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Walking in the "Picos de Europa" Mountains: The Cares River Route
Garganta del Cares gorge (Picos de Europa)
Trail running along the Cares River gorge
Walking in the "Picos de Europa" Mountains: The Cares River Route
Some 300,000 people do the Cares route every year. This gorge, with its narrow passes and gullies, is right in the heart of the Picos de Europa Mountains. The area's stunning landscape affords unique views of the National Park. Come and discover it with us.
The Cares River route is situated in northern Spain, between the provinces of Asturias and León. This protected area is criss-crossed by rivers and deep gorges, dotted with lakes, forests and peaks of over 2,000 metres. It is a unique, rugged, wild landscape of incomparable beauty that leaves visitors enchanted.
Getting to know this route is a unique experience. The trail is narrow, surrounded by wild vegetation, with water ever-present. The river flows along the valley-floor, its sound a constant companion en route. Now and again the path takes you through small tunnels carved out of the rock and across bridges that hang over the abyss. All the while, rocky mountainsides tower up on either side of the trail.
The itinerary we suggest here runs between Caín, in León province, and Poncebos, in Asturias. It runs parallel to the Cares, the area's wildest river. The route covers 12 kilometres over easy terrain and is recommended for everyone. The walk should take between five and six hours. You do not need to be especially fit, although you should take a few minor precautions: take water and something to eat; wear suitable clothing and footwear; take a waterproof with you in case the day turns rainy and apply sun-cream in summer. The Cares is accessible at any time of year, except during the winter months, when snow covers the peaks and valleys of the Cantabrian Mountains.
The Cares area, like the rest of the Picos de Europa, Mountains, is home to a rich and varied fauna. Among other species, there are chamois and Griffon vultures, as well as the Capercaillie grouse, currently in danger of extinction. Be sure to visit the area's mountain villages. Sampling the exquisite regional cuisine is also a must, with its cured meats and internationally renowned cabrales goat's cheese. There are also beef and game dishes, fabada (sausage and bean casserole), pote asturiano (regional stew with beans, potatoes, greens and meat), vegetable casseroles, peas and broad beans, along with desserts made from chestnuts and walnuts. To drink, local cider is the perfect choice.
Apart from walks, hikes and biking routes, these mountains also offer a wide range of adventure sports (canyoning, rafting, caving, climbing, quad biking, paragliding, horse-riding and kayaking). Nature, fun and respect for the environment go hand in hand in this unique part of Spain. Do not forget your camera – there are a host of spots offering some of the most beautiful views you could imagine.
Have you found this information useful?


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Most science fiction literature has as its centre evolutionary humanism. Such science fiction has abandoned a belief in eternal life via Jesus Christ.
Since most science fiction writers are evolutionists or atheists or both, the great majority of science fiction is extremely evolutionary in character.
English literature of the 19th Century is often a stark portrayal of the influence of the newly emerging evolutionary theory.
We cannot fail to notice the extent to which contemporary ideas, be they political, scientific, or sociological, color the sorts of subjects and themes of the contemporary writers.
No results found in .
Answers in Genesis is an apologetics ministry, dedicated to helping Christians defend their faith and proclaim the gospel of Jesus Christ.


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(Image from our "Nike vs Adidas" video available on Youtube.)
Nike's announcement comes just five weeks into our Detox campaign, which began when we launched the "Dirty Laundry" report, revealing commercial links between major clothing brands - including Nike, Puma and Adidas - and suppliers responsible for releasing hazardous chemicals into Chinese rivers. We challenged these brands to champion a toxic-free future by committing to work with their suppliers and remove these toxic chemicals from their clothes and China's rivers.
Puma was first to break away from the pack, opening up an impressive lead by announcing that it would go toxic-free. Puma's commitment to remove all hazardous chemicals from its entire product-portfolio must have left their competition wondering how they were going to raise their game. Now, Nike and Puma are the front-runners, and Adidas is far behind.
Nike also agreed (their full statement) to address the issue of the public's "right to know" by ensuring full transparency about the chemicals being released from its suppliers' factories. The more the public knows about the toxic chemicals spilling out of these factories, the more the pressure to stop them polluting will increase. The importance of this cannot be overstated.
The sportswear giant has also promised to use its influence, knowledge and experience to bring about widespread elimination of hazardous chemicals from the clothing industry.
Greenpeace activists tonight projected messages including, "Water Pollution Is Not Fair Play" and "The World Needs More Champions. Is Adidas All In?" to the almost 100,000 fans attending the Spanish Super Cup match between FC Barcelona and Real Madrid (sponsored by Adidas) at the Nou Camp Stadium, in Barcelona, Spain.
By committing to clean up its act, Nike is showing hints of greatness - but we will be closely monitoring the company's implementation plan, due to be published by 18 October. And just because Nike's taking the lead shouldn't mean Adidas or other clothing companies can simply throw in the towel. The game is still on and they should be hot on Nike's heels to become champions of a toxic-free future.
Adidas have a lot of ground to make up. If they want to be considered contenders, they need to get in the game by committing to zero discharge and really take the lead by developing a new culture of transparency throughout the clothing industry and helping others stop the release of hazardous chemicals currently used during manufacture.
The driving force behind the Detox campaign comes from a year-long investigation into the textile industry's water pollution problem in China, where vital research helped us to connect the dots and link hazardous chemicals and their impacts in waterways like the Yangtze and Pearl River Deltas to textile factories and international clothing brands.
Of these brands, one group stood out as the most likely to become champions of a toxic-free future: Leading sports clothing companies like Nike and Adidas. Not only do they like to market themselves as leaders and innovators, they also have the size and influence to work with their suppliers to eliminate the use and release of these hazardous chemicals from the entire supply chain.
The enormous task of changing the toxic practices of an entire industry can be extremely daunting, so we went in search of a potential leader with the will to change itself and the influence to change others. Much as we did during our Green My Apple campaign a few years ago, it was vital to engage with innovative and proactive industry leaders - the sort of companies who are willing to put their slogans into action and demonstrate that "impossible is nothing".
After much encouraging by Greenpeace and Apple aficionados, in March 2009 Apple become the first laptop maker to eliminate toxic poly vinyl chloride (PVC) and brominated flame retardants (BFRs). For now we have only commitments from Nike and Puma, though they are on the right track and deserve recognition for that.
Detox Action In Buenos Aires, Argentina
The Detox campaign kicked off when our mysterious XM3N mannequins finally revealed their mission to clean up China's rivers. Their message was spread by our video – watched and shared by 100s of 1000s of Greenpeace supporters and sports lovers all over the world.
Then people really started to get involved and the game was well and truly on. Actions from Argentina to the Netherlands and Spain – including a world wide striptease – made sure the world's biggest brands couldn't ignore the challenge.
Further pressure to perform was piled on by world's media as the story ran far and wide, from New York to China and Brazil to the UK. In Hong Kong, our exhibit helped bring the message to the street where passers-by took a moment to put their demands for Detox in writing.
More than 50,000 people signed our petition to the CEOs of Nike and Adidas, many thousands of people have tweeted and shared the campaign on social networks and blogs, submitted logo designs, or contributed campaign ideas.
There's still a long way to go, but we're getting there. Adidas have a tough act to follow, and everybody's watching.


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Media and Culture
Paul Cantor's new book provides a new look at how the "American dream" is shown in pop culture as offering both hope and frustration.
War and Foreign Policy
While it's easy to see how much we're spending over there, it's harder to see what we could be doing with all of those resources if we weren't creating more problems abroad. We need to transform the way we think about our foreign policy and take Bastiat's cue to try to "see the unseen."
Private prisons are private in name only. They are merely adjuncts of the state, and the real problem is these prisons warehouse many people the state should not have put in prison in the first place.
Money and BanksWorld History
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez thinks Christian theology supports her bill on excessive interest. Her position ignores the actual history of Christian views of usury.
HealthLegal System
The Time magazine article creating "the gateway drug" myth in the 1970s provided no citations for its claims, except ambiguous references to unnamed "experts." The evidence remains elusive 40 years later.
EducationFree MarketsGlobal EconomyHistory of the Austrian School of Economics
World History
Thanks to trade and the pursuit of private-sector profits, even the poorest regions of the world have gained access to modern telecommunications at an astounding speed.


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Making Your Motorola Phone a One-of-a-Kind
Want a way for your phone to stand out? The Moto X by Motorola Mobility allows you to do just that with a website -- MotoMaker.com -- that lets you custom-design your phone's specifications. WSJ's Katherine Boehret says it puts the fun back into buying a phone.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
I ... the Act Wall Street Journal ... this week I've been using the Moto AXA's says Motorola Mobility is news on that will be out at the and as August or early September ... now this is a really exciting fun and a lot of ways that I focused mostly on one component that distinguishes it from its competitors ... its ability to be person on this ... you do this using something called Moto maker now this is the website you can go see it s like an on line design studio ... and allows you to create a fun that is distinctly yours ... even she is from eighteen different colors for the back of the phone ... seven different accent colors around the phone ... and see different bright colors that appear on the face of the found ... this nice if somewhat unique instead of having to climb the big case on and set changes the shape of the fire the design and and that's what was originally intended by the makers of the fund ... say don't have to make it look so ugly and difference ... and also the lessee and the ability to see that inscriptions the back of funds they might add your email address if you think it might get lost ... he can also set the software on the found to be yours so you can create a wallpaper that will match the colors of the funny she is ... and this fall papers are suggested according to your colors ... how science is from several different sizes of cases and they're all different colors ... and those going for fun he says he answered the phones that comes all packaged together ... as he or Google ID so that when you pick up the fallen out of the box ... NRA has all of your he now set up all of your different Google Drive documents and anything ounce and table settings that she may want on that phone ... in that sense it's like the Kindle Amazon started that awhile ago or even ordered your candle ... at Ardi have your account set up ... and think people really do like that feeling of picking out the box and taking on out that there's there's already ... so this will be a hundred ninety nine dollars the calls as personalization is very ... fair few things that will cost extra for example by the end of the aerial the adults in order for different types of wood in bad for your phone ... this is pretty cool vessel cost a little bit extra ... also if you order thirty two gigabyte found he'll pay fifty dollars mark ... rather than the sixteen gigabyte which is very ... I did that really cool feature here is that you'll get the phone within four days when you submit your order and the way they do that is there making the sons in Texas rather than the set now lot of the parts of summer means that ... they're assembling them in Texas and ... as you walk through this studio ... you clearly see exactly how much of the pain for the phone or any other accessories that you might be getting with it ... as well as when a shipping date will be is so it's really clear to us there is no kind of ... confusion as to go through the ordering of this on ... the downside is they will only be available for eighteen T users at first the Moto X comes out first on eighteen T ... and H and his exclusive rights to this model maker site ... but Bryson has Ardi announced that it will use my maker by the end of this year he and other carriers will follow ... so if you are interested in getting from that has some unique features and if something the huge truly made auto maker might be a real feature that she'd like to let ... I'm Katie Brat after Wall Street Journal ...