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Windows XP SP2 and Event ID 4226April 29, 2005
Keywords: tcpip connection limit Windows XP SP2 Event ID 4226 patch lvlord
Update 10 April 2007
It looks as if Windows Vista comes with similar half-open outbound connections limit as Windows XP SP2 did. In fact Vista Home Basic is even more limited with only 2 connections allowed!
Torrentfreak has a great write up on how to patch Windows Vista (32/64-bit) to increase the TCP connections and improve your BitTorrent (p2p) experience.
If you are using Windows XP, you must have noticed all the fuss about Service Pack 2. It introduced an array of security "enhancements": dual direction firewall, several long overdue IE improvements, memory protection and the crippling of the TCP/IP stack.
Hang on, how is crippling of the TCP/IP stack a security enhancement?
Windows XP SP2 limits half-open connections (SYN) to a maximum of 10 (the previous limit was over 65,000). This is supposed to slow down certain viruses because their spreading strategy is to try to connect to a high amount of random IP numbers.
The drawback with this connection limit is that other legitimate network intensive applications can be slowed down as well. Applications like security network scanners, peer-to-peer (P2P) applications or a combination of network applications that a power user may be using (VPN, FTP, p2p, RDP, SSH, "Firefox on steroids" and more).
To me it sounds awfully lot like treating the symptoms instead of the cause which would have been to tighten up Windows security to prevent virus infections in the first place.
Related entries:
Vengy! Says:
May 27, 2005 12:58 PM
Nice. I've used the tcpip.sys patch for my global IP scanner website. Without the fix, it would take millenia to scan the entire IP address space.
I wish M$ didn't dumb down their products...also, the idea of slowing a worm is crazy... win2k/2k3 don't have any restrictions, so a worm targeting a server can still be hyper-virulent.
Anonymous Says:
June 3, 2005 05:25 AM
Juz wanted to ask whteher I can use the patch without downloading SP2??? Can I???
David sayz:
Windows XP BEFORE SP2 has no limit on half-open TCP connections.
There is therefore no need to patch a non SP2 Windows XP system (the patch will most likely fail).
akalias Says:
June 17, 2005 08:51 AM
I started to install the fix. The dos window indicated that the maximum concurrent half-open connections are 200.
the bottom line asked if I wanted to change the limit to 10...
I thought the fix was to increase the number of connections.... Am I missing something?
David says:
If you have a system with more than 10 allowed connections, the patch assumes that you want to restore the TCPIP.SYS to the default 10 open connections.
(You can always hit 'c' and manually enter the new amount of connections you would like)
Make sure to run the patcher after each windows update to ensure that the half-open connections were not restored to 10 with a new version of the TCPIP.SYS.
Dave Says:
July 5, 2005 11:49 AM
I installed this fix but "SFC /scannow" (which I run periodically as an additional security measure) copied the original MS version back. Is there any way to prevent this?
David says:
Try this. Search for all versions of TCPIP.SYS in your Windows dir, possibly on all of your computer.
Replace all version with the patched version. (You should still have a backed up version in Windows/system32/drivers).
Read up on the WFP at support.Microsoft.com
Windows update can over write your patched TCPIP.SYS so check it after each update.
Steve Says:
September 6, 2005 03:25 PM
Works awesome! Took me 10 seconds to install, and boosted me from 10 - 50 connections.
David says:
Make sure to run the patch after each Windows update to make sure tcpip.sys does not get replaced by Microsoft.
dmz Says:
October 1, 2005 08:38 PM
hi there is another way to tackle this problem
a software called XP ANTISPY can patch this file too apart from that it has lots of other great features for win xp
u can download the latest version from:
Robert Says:
October 23, 2005 05:05 PM
With the SP2 limit of 10, could this be causing a wireless networking to be dropping out multiple times per day? We are getting the 4226 warning each day. We've checking and there appears to be NO radio interference or lack of signal strength that could causing the drop out.
David says:
The 4226 is not related to WiFi outages.
Try a 'netstat -no | find "SYN"' to see if any specific process id is responsible. The time of the 4226 events may give you some hint.
It is hard to tell regarding interference since there can be nearby access points that are not broadcasting their SSID. Check with your neighbours or go through all channels. Are you from US and using a wireless home phone?
Jennifer Says:
November 5, 2005 09:26 PM
I'm having a problem trying to figure out whether or not the tcp cap in sp2 is my problem. i NEVER had issues using p2p applications before, but then a couple days ago i set up my internet on a router with my roommate and neither of us can use them anymore. I've opened ports on the router and firewall for them, but they still won't work. i can log into these programs, search, begin to download, but it won't go further than a couple minutes of downloading. everything I've looked up seems to point to this sp2 cap, except for the fact that I've NEVER had this problem before. any ideas?
David says:
What router is it? "Going for a couple of minutes" does not sound like a SP2 issue, more like a router problem. What exactly happens after couple of minutes?
Jennifer Says:
November 6, 2005 08:26 AM
it's a linksys NR041 (but on the portforward website it's listed under network everywhere NR041). the problem is with soulseek and azureus. soulseek will download one song when i start it and then every other attempt will say "initializing" forever and then fail. unless i close it and restart it. in which case it'll download one song again and then rinse wash repeat and so forth. azureus downloaded 5% of one album, and then quit on me, and nothing else has downloaded since. i HAVE been getting those 4226 error messages. i ran the patch this afternoon for my roommate (cause she's obviously been having the same problems, and asked me to go ahead and try). it worked just fine, everything's peachy now. when i got home from work tonight and ran it on mine, i'm still having the exact same problems.
David Says:
November 10, 2005 01:43 PM
I too am having the same problems as Jennifer.
Ran the patch and changed limit to 65336 connections. I also use P2P program Soulseek and have the exact same errors. There will be a couple of songs that download at great D/L speed (say, 76 KbpS) and then to the next song. it stalls, says initializing, starts downloading at say 0.2 kbps, then fails. Moves on to the next song and so on. The only way to fix it is to reboot the pc, and the downloads start flying again only to repeat what happened before. I have a NetGear ADSL Firewall DG834.
Robert Kendrik Says:
November 17, 2005 02:25 AM
Windows XP with or without SP2 does not allow concurrent connections to exceed 10. I just tried it with the LVLLORD patch with SP2 and that didn't work as well. Does anyone have something that allows more than 10 PCs connecting to a single XP machine for the intent of file sharing?
David says:
Lvllord DOES work (over 10 million happy customers and counting :-). Seriously, try disabling system restore before using lvllord. Make sure to restart your system.
Also, there is no limit on concurrent connections, only on HALF-OPEN concurrent connections.
The limit was introduced together with sp2, before sp2 it was unlimited.
RYoga Says:
November 18, 2005 04:45 AM
I was having conection problem prior to SP2, it stoped conecting to anything for an hour or two, restart helps, also i got this in SP2 now, i dont get the EventID 4226 or any otehr errors, my internet just stops, ANy modificiation of the tcpip.sys file (raise/lower the limit) fixes my conection for some time but then it stops again and i got to repatch the file, any idea what could be wrong?;)
This problems been buging me for a very long time id apreciate any help
Thanks alot
Sam Says:
November 28, 2005 09:38 PM
Hey, nice guide, thanks!
Unshaven Says:
December 13, 2005 12:44 PM
Hello, patched with lvllord 2.23 and still have 4226 in my event viewer.
is it possible that by each restart XP overwrites the patched file? how to prevent this?
David says:
How many connections did you up it to?
When you run the patcher, it tells you the current limit. If you run it a second time and it still reports 10 connections then Windows is probably restoring the tcpip.sys file.
nouhad Says:
December 14, 2005 04:20 PM
Hey there, i ran the patch and set the number to 70. Will this be ok?
David says:
With BitComet I once noticed that a single torrent was maxing out on 65 half-open connections. Of course this depends on a lot of factors (especially size of torrent swarm) but I would set the limit to 100 * n where n is number of concurrent torrents you plan to download!
Bob Dole for Prez Says:
December 18, 2005 11:41 PM
Will this have any negative side effects?
David says:
It may void your warranty :-) Seriously, if your computer is not secure, patching the tcip.sys will allow worms to spread faster.
jonas Says:
December 19, 2005 03:10 AM
hello! I have the patch on my desktop but i didn't used it because panda say that this is an Hacking Tool. Do you know anything about it?
David says:
Some malicious worms make similar changes to the tcpip.sys in order to spread faster on SP2 systems. This is why certain anti-vir software will warn about this.
The LvlLord patcher however let's the user decide exactly what limit should be applied and as such the user is in full control. Btw, my Symantec does not report the patcher as virus.
Keith Says:
August 15, 2006 09:58 PM
Hi, David!
I originally found out about Event ID 4226 on Utorrent's faq. Once clicking and downloading it, I unfortunately didn't read Lvllord's faq first.
I did two destructive recoveries and two manufacturer wipes, and Warning 4226 keeps coming back into my Administration's service files!
I remember when downloading it, I left the number of concurrent connections at 50. However, it has caused some problems already, slowing downloads from Utorrent and such.
Is there anyway of fixing this problem?
I'd appreciate your help.
David says:
When you run the patch it always tells you how many connections are possible with the current version of TCPIP.SYS so make sure to run the patcher after each update/restore.
When I run the patcher I have system restore temporarily OFF. When Windows tells me to insert original Windows CD I always click CANCEL to avoid a system restore of TCPIP.SYS.
good luck
Thanks, David.
I've downloaded the patch, but haven't made any changes. I called the company of my comp (HP) or Hewlett Packard. They said third party programs don't usually take to well their computers. I noticed when I downloaded the patch, it says I'm still at 10 concurrent connections. I aborted the patch after reading. I still get a number of these !Warning 4226 and see a DCHP 1003 Warnings in there as well.
If I want to rid myself of these warnings, should I maybe delete the patch, do a full system restore or Manufacturer's wipe, then download the patch again? Surprisingly, two full destruct restores and two Manufacturer wipes didn't stop these files from coming back. I thought for sure the manufacture wipe would since it wipes out your whole hard drive.
David says:
You get the 4226 warnings because:
1. You have Windows XP Service Pack 2 installed
2. You are a heavy network user (BitTorrent, servers, Firefox poweruser or similar)
There are various ways to get rid of the 4226 warnings. You can either roll back to SP1 but I would not recommend this due to risk associated with SP1 or you can use the LVllord patcher.
The patcher will replace the original TCPIP.SYS with a patched version so Windows will complain because TCPIP.SYS is a core Windows component and thus protected by System Restore and other means.
The patcher has decent instructions on how to install it: 1. disable system restore temporarily 2. hit OK on various Windows warning dialog boxes when patching 3. restart PC
(The other way to avoid the warning would be to use less networking resources which I think is a silly solution and which is why I say that Microsoft has "crippled" your TCP/IP stack)
good luck
I appreciate your info, David. Thanks!
If the warnings are coming up, but won't affect my computer usage or cause any problems then the warnings aren't that important. If this isn't fixed, is this something that could cause more problems for my computer in the future?
David says:
The 4226 warnings will not cause too much problems.
In some rare cases when browsing the Internet, using a mail client, using an FTP client or similar you will get a time out during heavy network usage.
A refresh/retry will solve the problem.
good luck
TonyB Says:
August 30, 2006 02:59 AM
Ad-Aware is reporting this patch as a Win32.Hacktool!
What's up with that?
David says:
This has been noted before, see jonas' comment above.
Gil Says:
September 4, 2006 12:47 PM
i'm working with 3COM Router.Wireless 11g.
each time i receive the 4226 warning, the router disconnect from the internet.
i updated the router software and the 4226 continue to appear and to disconnect the connection.
do you think that patch will solve the problem.
MsDD Says:
September 12, 2006 04:48 PM
Hi David.
I've used the LVL Lord Patch and everything was fine. I downloaded System Mechanic and it changed some security settings on my computer and now when I try to run the patch, I get a message saying the patch has been aborted and Kernelfunction could not be loaded. it says tcp/ip.sys could not be accessed and I should try using 64-bit system file unlock. (it says all these things + a lil more.) Can you help? For example, how do I do a system unlock, and where do I find the tool to do it Or, is there a way of undoing the changes that System Mechanic made?
David says:
Sorry to hear that but this seems to be an issue with System Mechanic. I am not familiar with System Mechanic and can only recommend to contact their support since the application is commercial.
Yeshe Says:
September 25, 2006 06:51 AM
Hey David,
Thanks for the great guide. I found out about the event 1d 4226 through using soulseek's faq. Awesome guide with great clarity.
Thanks heaps!
Ray Says:
September 25, 2006 08:56 PM
Is there a simple way to prevent Windows XP Pro SP2 from recreating original TCPIP.SYS?
BTW, using LVllord patcher, changing to 50 fails (TCPIP.SYS recopied by Windows), but changing to # > 100, i.e., 62000 succeeds.
Josh Says:
September 29, 2006 04:20 PM
Hi David. I installed the patch on my Windows XP SP2 and set the limit to 100 as you recommended above, I ran the patch a while later after I had rebooted and everything, and it verified that the settings were at 100 connections. However, event viewer still has those long lists of warnings for 4226 Tcpip. Should I think much of it? Also, as a fellow Symantec user, I wanted to ask you if Norton Internet Security 2006 slows down your internet speed. Thank you.
David says:
I have my limit set to 1000. You can still max out 100 connections if you are using BitTorrent so I can only suggest to raise your limit.
I have only Norton AV and have disabled worm protection (firewall takes care of that) and I have not noticed any slowdowns.
Josh Says:
September 29, 2006 07:30 PM
Thanks for that. I have changed my limit to 1000. I still have a fairly long list of warnings in event viewer regarding Tcpip 4226, is it ok to ignore those? Also, regarding my torrent client, what would be an optimal "Maximum Connections per task" and "Connections to keep per task" setting for a 512Kbps/128Kbps connection?
Sorry for all the questions, but I have tried vigorously to get them answered elsewhere and couldn't get a straight answer!
Thank you.
David says:
Now it might be time to run a thorough virus, trojan and adware check to make sure your PC is not being part of a DOS attack or spreading a worm.
This is exactly why Microsoft introduced the 10 half-open connections limit, to slow down any such activity.
If you are not noticing any time outs while using the net (browser, ftp, email and similar), you can most likely ignore the warnings.
Josh Says:
October 2, 2006 05:53 PM
Thanks for that David. According to Norton I had the "Troj/Zapchas" virus.
tom green Says:
October 3, 2006 09:12 AM
i have sp1 and my download speeds are horrible! how can I speed it up?
ARI Balusi Says:
October 6, 2006 03:05 AM
Hello David,
At the outset, thank you so much for your attention and caring to answer our good queries. Now, I would like to mention that I applied the speed optimisation patch and altered my torrent client's (Bitlord) half limits from the default 10 to 80. The only problem is, my upload speed is maintained at a range between 3-7 kb/s!!!
My question is, why the patch did not do the trick as expected and is there a missing procedure for me to take in order to improve upon my torrent client's upload speed? PN: I am using a (Fast Bridge) DSL connection.
Many thanks in advance and keep up the excellent work :-)
David says:
If after the patch you have observed improved download speeds but not upload speeds then there might be some issues with your networking equipment or connection.
There is no reason why more half-open connections would enable faster download but not improve the upload!
(What is your DSL upload speed, what new limit did you patch your Windows to and the limit in Bitlord is that per torrent or a global limit?)
Marcelo Says:
October 9, 2006 01:54 AM
Hi David,
Can you explain how Can I change the number of connections? I've tried everything that you post and the program keep saying that TCPip is unable to be rename. I've turned off the system restore and tried in safe mode also uninstalled system mechanic 6. I got a Dell precision with SP2 Pro, maybe is something with the system that they installed ?
Thanks for your attention.
Pablo Says:
October 9, 2006 09:08 AM
Hi David.
Ad-Aware Registers EventID as an Trojan/Hack Tool, and also NOD32 Registers this. I know that is not, but i can't use it without closing anti-virus. And it is not 100% stable, Keep the good work up.
David says:
What is not 100% stable? The llvlord patcher is a bit basic but very efficient.
Once you have patched your tcpip.sys, surely you can turn on anti-virus again?
no_pulse Says:
October 9, 2006 07:09 PM
After applying the patch and rebooted my machine, I noticed that my download rate for torrents has slowed down to a crawl. I was lucky enough to get maybe 10kb before the patch and now I'm lucky if I get 2kb. My upload is fine though! Btw, I'm running the latest ZA and the latest Azureus
Any help would be greatly appreciated!
dan szczerba Says:
October 11, 2006 08:53 AM
Hi. I need some help. Every time i try to install the 4226 patch, i get a warning "NO DISK IN DRIVE". When i click continue, the patch closes-no adjustments are possible. Any ideas? Thanks.
wrong Says:
October 11, 2006 10:53 PM
Hi, i ran the lvl Patch and now my car doesn't start anymore.......do you think i should buy a new car?
Justin a.k.a Soul187 Says:
October 16, 2006 10:09 PM
Is there any other good anti-virus free software that i oculd download to see if i have a virus?
David says:
Search for AVG, Avast Home edition, Housecall online scan from Trend Micro.
dragontree Says:
October 26, 2006 04:28 PM
Hi. I used the patch and set the limit to 100. When I run the patch again after restart it shows that the limit is 100. But the event viewer still gives me the warnings (14 of them). Isn't the patch working?
David says:
You may have to raise the limit even higher, try 1000. Also scan your system for viruses and adware as they can sometimes be a cause of many half open connections.
jc Says:
November 2, 2006 11:01 PM
hi i have xp sp2 and i downloaded the patch...the patch doesn't run. help please
David says:
Kim Possible!
Zurairi Says:
November 3, 2006 03:46 AM
I just want to asking, is it work well with Bitlord 1.1?
Mikkis Says:
November 3, 2006 08:09 PM
I have the same problem as has: "RYoga Says:
November 18, 2005 04:45 AM" in this blog.
When downloading anything of the net, when download rate starts to be fast, my internet connection just stops working totally. I don't get any error messages or such. It always happens when the download rate starts to rise. If I just browse the web there is no problem.
I am using XP SP2 and 5 connection hub. The proble is not on the internet SP because the same connection works fine with my other laptop.
Anybody have any ideas what causes this prob and how I could get on fixing it.
PLEASE E-mail me at jungler82 at hotmail tod com
Beaupj Says:
November 3, 2006 11:51 PM
Hello Mr infinte wisdom,
I'm currently having some problems with my UTorrent downloads.
I have a band width of 8 mb, and thios has been tested to show 7.91. When i downlaods i can reach download speeds of 400 kb/s per download but then at other times it slows to a mere 10 kb/s. I ran a port mapping program to try to fix this but i don't think it had any effect, i have just downloaded your ipsys thingy but havent run it yet, will this allow me to maintain the 400 kb/s or will i just have to live with it going down to 10 kb/s.
Sonic999 Says:
November 10, 2006 07:48 PM
This information if FALSE. MICROSOFT already came out and explained that the limit is "10 half-open connections per second", not "full connections" =these are something entirely different=. PER SECOND. In 10 seconds you get 100 connections, and so on. Get it? It won't cripple any P2P. Even eMule says it clearly in it's FAQ:
Bottomline, this so-called miraculous patch, will only allow you to "contact" (not connect) sources a bit faster than it's normal with SP2. But if you don't apply the patch, you end up contacting all the sources, only it takes a little more time (couple of minutes, nobody will die because of this). The patch DOES NOT let you download faster. Proof of this is that I never applied the "patch" (because I was intelligent enough to understand it wasn't really limiting anything), and eMule's running as fine as always, top speed of my broadband connection.
John Says:
November 13, 2006 02:06 AM
Does the TCPIP.SYS patch work on windows XP home or is the some other patch to use for it. I have tried the patch with out success. I have scanned for other files and replaced them as well. I also tried the manual install. If you could help it would be wonderful I am a small business with limited resources. I do have a free upgrade to the new window that is about to come out. Do you know if the new windows will have the same problem. I wish M$ would of not used a band-aid at my expense. Especially one that will not work I hope Bill over there can learn simple math cause this will not slow a worm down but for a few minutes.
psykosonik Says:
November 19, 2006 10:43 AM
This site www.lvllord.de is not opening in my browser . I have tried it many times , can somebody give an alternate link for this patch so that i can download it .
Thanks in advance .
kevnzilla Says:
December 3, 2006 02:16 PM
wow this program just dropped my download speeds to 3kbps from 1mbps thanks works a treat ,,,, don't download it waste of time , my uttorents were downloading at 1mbps and now its a measly 3bps , now i have to wait like 1 week for a 700mb file to be finished , usually take me a couple of hours thanks guys/
David says:
Sorry to hear that kevnzilla, you are the only one so far reporting this out of over 5 million visitors to LvlLord and many, many reporting how much it has helped them.
Have another look at speed optimization methods for torrents. Are you capping your uploads to 50% of your available (up) bandwidth?
pclearner Says:
December 21, 2006 10:12 AM
Hi, will it hurt the system or anything bad if i set back 65535 which is the SP1 version? This is because i set it 50 it is still so slow compared to my previous download. I am downloading at 1-10kbs compared to 30 - 60 kbs previously. I am using bit comet by the way.
David says:
It will not hurt your system in any way but it's unlikely that your system will be using such a high number of half open connections.
Some bittorrent applications show currently used half open connections. Then you can monitor whether your system is being stalled by a low number of half open connections or whether it is something else.
rob Says:
December 30, 2006 07:50 PM
Greetings, David.
I tried using that "EventID 4226 Patcher" but it didn't seem to resolve the problem I'm having.
I'll attempt to keep it as brief as possible. :)
So, I've been having a bit of a problem with my connection. Every hour or so, it would just die. I have two machines that are connected to a hub which is then connected to a cable modem.
For the past few days, my main machine has just been losing it's connection. The machine doesn't freeze or crash but webpages won't load, IMer programs disconnect, etc. Thing is, my other machine's internet access is fine so I know it's not the cable modem or my outside connection. As soon as I reboot the machine, the connection works just fine up until an hour or so when it repeats the same process.
After some trial and error, I found out that it might be an issue with P2P software. I didn't load Bitcomet and the connection seems just normal after 3 hours. I tried reducing my max upload speed to 20k (my cap is 40k) but the same problem happens. I tried to reduce it to 5k with the same results. I stopped Bitcomet from loading on startup and the connection stays up.
So, I figured it was with Bitcomet so I downloaded another torrent program, uTorrent. I started uploading my seeds with that program rather than Bitcomet thinking that the issue would be resolved but no, it has the same random disconnects.
I thing I have to mention is that I think this problem started happening when I uninstalled ZoneAlarm and downloaded Windows Defender (Malware detector) and turned on XP's own firewall. I can't confirm this problem started happening at this point but it was close to it.
I downloaded the "EventID 4226 Patcher" and increased it from 10 to 1000 just like you suggested. Same problem. Increased it to 3000. Same problem. Increased it to max at 65585. Same problem. I noticed in the event log that I get some "WinDefend" 3004 errors but I don't seem to get the 4226 errors anymore.
Disabling the Windows Defender program still doesn't resolve the issue. The next step is to try to uninstall Windows Defender but wanted to see if you had any insight. Thanks again!
David says:
Pretty good job at narrowing it down. It doesn't seem to be the cable modem nor an 4226 issue :-(
dave Says:
January 1, 2007 02:02 PM
I downloaded it and all. But everything remains the same
David says:
But did you install the patch properly? Restart your system and run the patcher again. It will report how many concurrent half-open connections are available.
Glen Says:
January 5, 2007 11:00 AM
We encountered problems setting up a network with file sharing from Windows XP and used the patch, but still we had problems with users connecting.
We thought it was a Mac thing as we have PCs and Macs on our network.
There is also a limit in XP Pro for the maximum number of users who can log into a computer. This limit is 10, I think it's 5 for XP Home?
Each Mac user connecting to a separate network share counts as another user, so with 5 people we still managed to go over the 10 user limit.
I guess this is a licensing / $$ issue because otherwise we would all be using XP rather than Windows Server.
Hope this helps people who still may have issues after applying the patch.
David says:
The connection limit of 10 to shared resources is different than what is discussed in this article.
You will have to look into a Small Business Server (SBS) or a different operating system (Linux?).
kidr Says:
January 6, 2007 12:03 AM
Hello David, I ran the patch and set it to 100, rebooted and ran it again and told me it was set to 100. Seems like it worked, but when downloading from bitcomet, I connect to 10 or less peers. What should I do?
Al Says:
January 16, 2007 11:23 PM
Can you set it lower than 50 or just reset to original settings?
David says:
You can set the limit to whatever you wish, for example the original 10.
Seth Says:
January 19, 2007 12:29 AM
Hello, I think I'm having a similar problem but not quite the same. I'm also having a lot of problems occasionally with connections. Already established connections work fine, indicated by IRC and MSN staying up. However, new connections to remote networks become impossible. The weird part is that local network connections are still possible. (For example, SSHing to a server on the local network)
It's the weirdest thing I've seen in ages. Sometimes it happens suddenly and later on it stops just as fast, usually lasting 30 minutes or so. If it helps, I'm currently using XP Pro 64 bit edition and to my best knowledge I'm not infected with any viruses or spyware, nor running any network-intensive programs such as a p2p program.
David says:
Could it be a DNS problem? When remote networks start failing, have you tried connecting to numerical IPs directly?
Doesn't sound like an Event ID 4226 and half open connections limitation issue.
iforget Says:
January 22, 2007 08:37 PM
Hey thanks for this, mate...
lol @wrong :)
anonymous Says:
January 25, 2007 08:02 AM
this is absolutly retarded.
do not download and install this patch.
do not put your computer at risk.
David says:
Thank you for your input even though a bit more constructive criticisms would have been better.
One has to always be very careful when installing software downloaded from the Internet; be it commercial or private.
If the software is open source and you can review the source code there is less risk of installing malware but even then how often would you comb all of the code?
In this case I made a judgement to install the Lvllord TCPIP.sys patch based on a) my frustration with the poor performance of my crippled Windows SP2 system, b) based on numerous reports from other users about the patch being safe and c) no (valid) reports about any malicious intent of the patch.
Hope that you change your mind about the patch in case you are experiencing connection time-outs.
db Says:
January 28, 2007 12:47 AM
Whenever i start the program it just says mcafee has found a suspect file on my computer and that windows cant access the files because i don't have permission even tho I'm the administrator. can you tell me what I'm doing wrong?
Shailesh Sawant Says:
February 5, 2007 01:17 PM
Hi ALL.
I have a strange problem I am using VPN and Symantec Firewall with symantec 10. with the latest update. OS Windows XP with SP2.
I have patched the TCPIP and tryed with it but it did not worked.
It shows me the syn_sent and the process ID. I kill the process from taskmanger with PID normally the process is DLLHOST.EXE and it starts working.
I have tryed several lavsoft Adware, windows update etc.
Could any one help me
[email protected]
userfromeast Says:
February 9, 2007 08:11 PM
David, I have this strange problem: After installing utorrent, and using it, I discovered that in the time interval of 3 or 4 hours my computer is crashing(rebooting). After each reboot I looked in Event Viewer, and saw 2 little red X signs. These 2 errors are:
1. The IPSEC Services service terminated with the following error: The authentication service is unknown. ( I've decided to set the IPSec service to manual start, because I really do not use any kind of IP security policy)
2. The infamous Event ID 4226. Downloaded the patcher you indicated, used it but not to patch tcpip.sys, just to show me the max half-open connections, wich is 10. I don't want to patch tcpip.sys because the infamous Event ID 4226 is not that frequent, only 2 or 3 times a day.
My problem is that rebooting thing. It's annoying,
So trying to fix it i did these 2 things:
1. in services.msc i've set the RPC service REcovery options no to restart the computer, but to restart the service. ( is that ok? - your advice would be appreciated)
2. right clicked MyComputer icon on desktop, then Properties>Advanced>Start-up and Recovery and there I've unchecked the Automatically Restart option(is that ok?)
utorrent (or µTorrent to be more exact) says that it can handle these restriction on tcpip.sys, my setting a bittorrent protocol variable to 8, wich is less than 10, wich is default in tcpip.sys, so i wanna know why my computer was rebooting? now it seem ok, no reboots for 6 hours. :d
anon Says:
February 13, 2007 06:23 AM
It's because some viruses use this patch so they can scan IPs faster, this is why some AV software detects it.
noluddite Says:
February 15, 2007 10:20 AM
hey David!! i was wondering if there was anyway to revert the changes..i.e. to bring back the max connections to 10....plz respond. i haven't used the patch yet.
David says:
Yes, you just restore the original TCPIP.SYS which is automatically backed up during the patch. Or you can run the patch again and select 10.
beaver Says:
February 28, 2007 11:46 AM
Cheers Dave been trying to sort out my p2p downloading for a while, gonna give this patch a try tonight! keep ya fingers crossed for me guys!
David says:
Fingers crossed for your dls. Don't forget to limit your upload to no more than 80% of your upload capacity, enable encryption with plain text fall back and change port away from the default 6881 which is often throttled by ISPs.
gt Says:
March 2, 2007 05:39 AM
I have a question, Azureus downloads fine but when I'm downloading something and uploading (max up is 90) and I begin to play WoW, every once in a while the connection seems to reset. I exit out and check azureus and sure enough download is dropping quick and upload is going to 0. In about 10/20 seconds it will start to down/up load again.
It gets annoying because it will keep doing it every 10-15 minutes as long as i stay on WoW i set my upload to 40 when i play online so i was wondering if installing this patch will help my situation. I know it's by going on and playing WoW because if i just surf the problem won't happen at all but if i go log into WoW 20 minutes later the same problem happens.
David says:
It sounds like it go be a router issue. Does it get hot? I don't think the patch will help in your case but it cannot hurt either if you have the spare minutes to install it!
XP Service Pack 2 Says:
March 2, 2007 01:59 PM
Is it better than I shut down windows xp firewall and buy zone alarm to protect my windows.
David says:
It depends a bit on your circumstances. ZoneAlarm is a bit more complex in setting up but in my opinion offers superior protection compared to the Windows Firewall. Sygate Personal is a great free firewall if you can find it.
XP Service Pack 2 Says:
March 2, 2007 02:02 PM
Once again me. if zone alarm is not good software for that purposle is there any other which you would recommend me or I should stay with windows firewall
Carl Says:
March 5, 2007 10:35 AM
There is a software utility that changes the connection limit in memory without changing the windows system files.
I have not tried it yet but am about to. I have not tried the patch that changes the system file either. Microsoft seems to keep changing the file with update and the patch has to be updated, I would assume the utility will not have that problem.
Kinkyfish Says:
March 22, 2007 07:50 PM
I was about to change the setting to 300 when it warned against going higher than 100. What is your opinion of this knowing that you are set at 1000? I'm using AVG and ZA as well as Spybot and AD Aware, so should I feel confident against worms or still be cautious and leave it at 100?
Thanks a lot!
David says:
300 is fine and so is 10,000. Remember that before SP2 the outbound connections were unlimited.
Windows XP Service Pack 2 Says:
March 25, 2007 05:19 PM
i have sp1 and my download speeds are horrible! how can I speed it up?
con Says:
March 28, 2007 05:40 PM
ok ive download this patch how the hell do you install the bloody thing how does it work i read that every ones that has worked you can change the limits i haven't seen any thing when i double click the exe file it comes in a RAR file do you double click on it or what as i get nothing and yes AVG says it a virus but ill take the risk as i down load lots of porn ..lol ..:)can you please tell me what im doing wrong ..lol
David says:
The original patch comes in a zip archive and NOT in a rar archive. Make sure to download only from the original source.
Yes, certain anti-virus software flag it as a virus. This is a false positive.
Max Says:
April 15, 2007 01:56 AM
Hi not sure what your name is but it appears you are really smart, my problem is this im using bitcomet but down load is slow , (winxp serv p 2 im using) I used the eventid patch to increase the limit , it worked , then I changed it back , it worked , then I tried changing it again it didnt, so I used the patch And clicked the uninstall option and it restored the original settings. The Problem now is it won't change anymore , what can I do to fix this?
SK Says:
April 16, 2007 10:12 AM
I m having an application which is network based.
When XP SP2 machine is used as a server, performance becomes very slow, when more than 10 clients try to tranfer data at the same time with it. But it works fine in XP SP1 and 2000.
Is it because of the security update in SP2 and EvID4226 :-( ?????....
If it is so,
What is the easiest way to handle the problem?
The above conversations talk abt a path in lvllord's site. Is it microsoft certified?
will Using this cause any problem?
Does Microsoft provide any option to switch off this security feature??? :-)
Pls lemme know if there is any other option to solve this problem apart from the patch.....
Any help would be appreciated... :-)
Thanks a lot in advance.............
paul Says:
April 30, 2007 08:23 AM
tried to download the patch to no avail is the download link down or is it just me
Diego Says:
May 6, 2007 05:11 PM
Hi there,
I just tried installing the patch but get a message saying the tcpip.sys has restricted access rights and to check if the windows directory is right (it is) or alternatively use the /W parameter. Do you know what this means or how can I get past this problem?
Thanks a lot!
Xichael Says:
May 16, 2007 03:16 AM
Apparently this is all totally unnecessary. See:
David says:
I have to disagree with you.
10 half open connections is not enough for a power user even when not using P2P. Add p2p to the mix and your connections will start timing out.
100 is a much more sensible limit both in regards to a power user and also limiting the spread of a virus.
Eddie Says:
May 16, 2007 10:54 PM
I tried the file but my original maximum half open was 1000 in stead of 10 or 50, what should I do ?
Jerome Says:
May 23, 2007 08:24 AM
Please advise:
We run a network where we have a computer that acts as a server (whereas it runs Windows XP not a server operating system).
We have 11 computers in total (one of those actually being a printer - but it counts as being a connection based on the configuration) which means we exceed the 10 connection limit. Will this patch work so as all 11 computers can simultaneously connect to the network drives that are stored on the server computer? We want to try and avoid the cost of a server, and was hoping that this would solve the problem. Also, we would only need to run the patch on the server based computer, not on all 11 computers, right?
Your advice would be much appreciated. Thanks.
Josh Says:
May 28, 2007 05:59 AM
Hello David,
My computer runs perfectly except recently I downloaded the music downloading program Soulseek and since then I have seen the blue screen and experienced stops with my tcp every time that I run soulseek (or attempt to) and one time when I didn't. The event 4226 and others that are similar or lead up to it are my problem (4201, 1003, etc.). By the way, I have Windows XP SP2. So now my question is this - is it easy enough to fix or if I do try and change the tcp JUST to run Soulseek am I opening up a can of problems and unforeseeable things that just aren't worth the hassle? Will this patch cure my problem? Thank you for your time.
David says:
I haven't seen 4226 issue causing BSOD. Not sure about the other event ids, have you tried researching Microsoft website?
Have you tried updating your network adapter drivers? Maybe Soulseek is using some advanced network features.
Jan Says:
May 29, 2007 08:54 PM
Hi, my pc rebooted suddently when i was using bitcomet to download. I looked in the System event log and that it also was the 4226 error.
BUT! It REBOOTED my pc??????
Has anyone else had that b4?
With kind regards
David says:
Not me personally but Josh seems to have some issues with soulseek!
Josh Says:
May 30, 2007 06:24 AM
I've tried looking it up and it seems to me that the limit of 10 tcp connections is what causes it to freeze when I run Soulseek. I found this explanation on the FAQ Section of the soulseek website as well when referring to XP SP2. I don't know how to update network adapter drivers, so what do you think I should do sir? Thanks!
L A Jensen Says:
June 1, 2007 07:02 PM
thank you - MS is really tickin us techs off - all these hot fixes for spk2 issues makes so much work and now this sneaky one. My clients are none too happy. One of my clients has started referring to MS as the "Microsoft Gnomes" and us "Computer Knights".
Brian Says:
June 13, 2007 06:25 AM
Well, this has been a very interesting read, and though I have exactly the same symptoms I don't have a 4226 ID error.
I tried the hack but it still did not help me any. I can browse local resources fine on the LAN but cant browse any sites. Wierd!
Anyway, thanks for the interesting read and Kudos to you David for putting up with all the whining.
David says:
That sounds like an issue with your router... unless you are connecting directly to the Internet.
Have you checked your DNS settings, tried tracert and ping to google and other basic networking tests?
Brian Says:
June 13, 2007 10:16 PM
Hi David,
Yes I am beginning to think it is my router, but somehow I am still not convinced though. Why I say that is because I have a laptop that sits right next to my desktop and it never has this issue of suddenly being unable to browse internet sites.
Also, I have a colleague that has the exact same issue as me, (desktop wont browse but his laptop will) and magically by itself it starts to work again.
Anyway, I need to tinker around some more.
P.S. Thanks for visiting my blog, I just started it and no the header photo is not mine, it came with the WordPress template. :)
Trip Doctor Says:
June 21, 2007 05:04 AM
Hi David,
I'd first like to thank you for the guide.
I seem to have the same problem as 'con' was above. I run the .exe (downloaded from the original source), but nothing happens. Am I supposed to get a window of some sort, or does it automatically patch, without popping anything up?
P.S. 'Con' might have had the original zip file, but thought it was a rar because winrar (and perhaps other rar extractors) opens zip files as well.
Nina Says:
June 27, 2007 05:08 PM
Hi David!
I'm currently having a problem with my Utorrent. It continually disconnects my internet at the most random moments, usually when it's running. Someone told me this sounds a lot like the even id 4226 but the thing is, I've never gotten a warning about it from my computer. Nothing to signify whats happened. I was hoping maybe you could help me out?
Thank you!
Clouds Says:
July 5, 2007 03:26 PM
Hello there, i have used this patch however i wonder are there any settings i need to alter in bit torrent, i use the original bittorrent. I have sorted out the port forwarding and as i said used this patch, the peer list is now quite long however i only ever seem to connect to about 2 of them at a time the rest are greyed out, this is extremely irritating. Can you help?
David says:
It is up to the peer to decide whether to connect to you or not.
By applying the TCP/IP patch you are ready for as many connections as possible but you cannot force other peers and seeds to connect to you.
I have seen that in uTorrent there is a setting for maximum global half open connections and by default it is 10 (same as Windows XP SP2). Obviously you would want to increase this to a higher number after applying the patch.
The Caretaker Says:
July 17, 2007 04:40 PM
Hey all,
Has anyone found a fix for Windows XP x64? The patch from lvllord is really old and I just get an 'Error detecting position to patch'. My TCPIP.SYS build is 5.2.3790.3959 (AA64). I run uTorrent and get 4226's all the time.
The Caretaker Says:
July 22, 2007 05:38 PM
Finally found the fix for XP x64 here.
Ramsey Says:
July 23, 2007 10:50 PM
Will this increase the amount of viruses i get? Windows started screaming at me half way through the patch, saying i needed the cd to re-instate the thing i just changed. I've got norton 2007 so not that scared about viruses and I don't go on porn so probably wont get any viruses. Any way just wanted to know if i was still safe, just thought I would say it in a long way.
David says:
The Event ID 4226 patch can NOT increase the risk of getting a virus. The prompt about restoring Windows files is a common issue when replacing system files and is described in the installation help of the patch.
Fear not, dear brother, you are safe.
chendy Says:
July 26, 2007 10:48 AM
Hi David, The TCP limit makes me crazy.. I've been try EventID 4226 Patcher and orbit to remove this limit. still not work. So can you help me to remove it or Can i remove sp2 with condition sp2 already installed from the first time.How? coz here i have 24 computer p2p to 1 computer as the data centre...the 11th connection had been rejected by windows. i'm stuck here..help me please david
David says:
This doesn't sound like an EventID 4226 issue. Are you getting the EventID 4226 errors in event viewer?
What operating system are you using on your "data centre". Windows XP has a limit on how many computers can connect to it.
moonlighting Says:
July 28, 2007 03:15 PM
Hi David, can I ask u 1 question?
In the Event Viewers there, I found that 4226 Event ID have Warning issue there. The other Event ID seem ok. It is the problem there? Thanks a lot!
Amadou Says:
August 8, 2007 01:20 PM
Hello! I use "uTorrent". In its FAQ I found a quote (and also a good advise of a friend) that stopped me from using the patch (I simply can't ignore notes like this):
"Does µTorrent work well on Windows XP SP2 systems with an unpatched TCPIP.SYS?
Yes, as of version 1.2, µTorrent will do 8 connection attempts by default to work with the 10 connection attempt limit on these systems.
Patching tcpip.sys to a higher value may help if you are having problems (such as trackers timing out when they're actually online), though setting it higher than the default may cause some routers to have freezing problems"
I think I've had a similar problem with my previous modem (even after restoring the original tcpip.sys, it just stopped downloading at all). I have now a different router (DSL). And I'm affraid to apply any patches. That aforementioned friend of mine (he deals with routers like one I'm using) told me that indeed the modem/router can freeze so I'd better not risk and just ignore those notifications.
What do you think about all that? (sorry for mistakes I probably made, I'm not an English speaker)
David says:
Yes, lower quality modems/routers may freeze or overheat due to the high amount of traffic but a decent router/modem should not have a problem with a high amount of traffic... that's what they are built for!
There should still be a safe limit, say 100, which is much better than the crippled 10.
mathijs Says:
August 14, 2007 11:29 AM
Thank you very much, this was very helpful!
jana Says:
September 4, 2007 06:08 PM
Hi David,
I am using XP home SP2 as webhosting server (www, email servel, ftp server, mysql..). Have aprx. 60 domains on it. I guess I should open my pc to more connections too ....
bobkey Says:
September 11, 2007 12:46 PM
I tried installing the patch but it aborted. I have windows x64 and an AMD64 processor. Is there anything I can do? In the changelog it says it should work on 64 bit machines...
Jimmy Says:
September 22, 2007 03:41 AM
Hey David,
Great blog entry. But I have some questions. I have patched my system and I started to roam Soulseek. I get knocked off still but at least now I can download things. When I get knocked off the connection of my whole DSL gets knocked off for a few seconds. I noticed my ip address & subnet mask go from numbers to 0.0.0.0 when soulseek disconnects. Is there a way to stop that?
Robert Says:
October 29, 2007 12:01 PM
hey david
i tried it, but it didnt do anything for me. I checked already and i dont see a problem. I have a number of questions:
Does it only work on one: LAN/Wifi
Does it work on XP
any other tips?
Jonathan Says:
November 22, 2007 09:33 PM
hello, I have got adsl: download 2.5 Mega, upload 256 kb. i have download the patch. Who shell i config the patch when he asks me to change the limit? i got the latest XP with sp2. 10x for the help. u'rs J.R. from Israel - Tel Aviv
David says:
Try with 100. That should be sufficient.
soundofsatellites Says:
December 4, 2007 11:49 PM
i'm having this weird problem with soulseek. i'm not so sure that is caused by the connection limit since i've been changed my pc, so SP2 wasd already installed, and for the last year soulseek was working fine. But for the last month, i'm having the same problems reported by Jennifer and David, posted in 2005 in this same post -just scroll upwards. I've already installed the patch, and increased my connections, but it doesn't seem to work. I been looking for a solution, but so far nothing. Jennifer and David are the only two people I been able to find with the same problem.
i've been reading soulseek forums, and there are people with similar problems, and every time pops up that it might be a problem with the isp provider, which in my case is the same, but upgraded to 1 mb. that's all, if anyone can help, thanx a lot
thatguy Says:
December 8, 2007 02:29 AM
hey great info guys. Im doing a system scan before I install the patch and Ive had it with my bitlord d/l and such being so crappy...Ill install and hope to give some feed back
H8ff0000 Says:
December 20, 2007 09:37 AM
Hey, I've used this patch before no problem. Recently did a reinstall, and for some reason, I can't run the patch. It just won't open. I've checked my processes and such, nothing there. Any help?
PeterD23 Says:
January 8, 2008 04:50 PM
I got the 4226 warning a few days before i installed the patch, do you know why? I'm afraid i may get infected, how can i be sure this wont break my computer? I have XoftSpySE, AVG Free, and Windows Defender
Ned Work Says:
January 20, 2008 03:30 AM
This isn't a "Microsoft should fix the problem and not the symptom issue"
This is a a failure by design of TCPIP. Unlimited syns (syn, syn-ack, ack) are legitmate DOS'es and have been known about long before Windows.
Unpatch your stack. But don't cry when your system is crawling due to tens of thousands of half open connections.
Omar Says:
February 18, 2008 02:27 PM
hey i downloaded the patch and it seems that its slowing down my torrent download...so plz can you help me and tell me how to remove the patch....thx
David says:
The patch will not be slowing down your downloads. It is likely your router that struggles with the high load of connections.
How many connections did you enable? You should not need more than 100-200.
Have you capped your upload to 80% of your available upload bandwidth?
The patch back-ups your original TCPIP.SYS to the following location: C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\TCPIP.SYS.ORIGINAL.
It should be a matter of deleting TCPIP.SYS and renaming TCPIP.SYS.ORIGINAL to TCPIP.SYS.
bill Says:
February 18, 2008 07:59 PM
The patch still works today? because of the new Microsoft updates... Thanks in advance.
David says:
How recent Microsoft updates are you talking about? Can you give KB (knowledge base) numbers?
bill Says:
February 20, 2008 06:36 PM
I am asking in general... an actual windows xp installation with all updates until today.. this patch works with zero problems? I had an Intranet and i need the most reliable tcpip connection. Thanks in advance.
David says:
Yes it will work on an up to date Windows XP system.
There have been a few updates to the TCPIP.SYS over the last few years that have restored the the half-open tcp/ip connections back to 10 but running the patch again has always helped increasing the half open connections to what ever value you decide your system needs to run efficiently.
Xtina Says:
March 1, 2008 06:45 AM
Hello David!
I installed the patch and set it to 100. Unfortunately, download speed remained constant before and after installing the patch (at around the measly rate of 41 kbps). What can I do to speed it up?
[email protected] Says:
March 9, 2008 11:46 PM
Ive downloaded this fix (im using azure as my torrent) however for some reason when i run the .exe nothing happens?? ive tried it in the systems32/drivers folder and still nothing happens.
I have gotten the 4226 errors and am wondering what can i do...
Dautic Says:
January 11, 2013 12:32 PM
I had to patch the tcpip.sys file, I've changed from 10 to 256, and the 4226 event is now no longer appear. Thanks

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Financial reporting obligations for limited liability companies (Accounting Directive)13 June 2013
by eub2 -- last modified 13 June 2013
The European Parliament on 12 June voted in new Accounting and Transparency Directives, a modernisation of financial reporting obligations, which should see costs reduced, in particular for SMEs.
1. What does this new Directive cover?
As part of the Responsible Business package, the Directive will reduce the administrative burden for small companies. To a certain extent, it will also improve the quality and comparability of the information disclosed.
2. What are the existing EU rules on accounting for limited liability companies?
A Directive for individual financial statements has been in place since 1978 (78/660/EEC), and one for consolidated financial statements since 1983 (83/349/EEC). These two Directives provide a complete set of rules for the preparation and content of statutory financial statements. They are often referred to as the "Accounting Directives". The new Directive merges and improves these two Directives. This change, together with the "think small first" approach reflected in the Directive makes this EU legislation better adapted to the present and future needs of preparers and users of financial statements.
3. What are the main benefits of the new Directive?
Unnecessary and disproportionate administrative costs imposed on small companies hamper economic activity and impede growth and employment. The Directive simplifies the preparation of financial statements for small companies. It introduces the obligation for each Member State to distinguish small companies from larger ones. Small companies will be those with less than 50 employees, a turnover of not more than €8 million and/or a balance sheet total of not more than €4 million. Member States may alternatively use thresholds for turnover and balance sheet total up to €12 million and €6 million, respectively.
The Directive reduces and limits the amount of information to be provided by small companies in the notes to the financial statements. For small companies only a balance sheet, a profit and loss account and notes are to be prepared to satisfy regulatory requirements. Member States may also permit small companies to prepare only abridged balance sheets and profit and loss accounts. Any small company remains entitled to provide more information or statements on a voluntary basis.
The Directive requires that in cases where there is a single filing system, the information to be prepared by small companies be similar to the tax returns if a Member State so wishes.
There will be no EU requirement for small companies to have an audit. In case a Member State would nevertheless see the need for assurance, the new Directive will allow for a more proportionate approach.
4. Why now?
During the past 30 years, amendments to the Accounting Directives have added many requirements, such as new disclosures and valuation rules (including detailed provisions on fair value accounting). This has not only made the rules more complex and increased the regulatory burden for companies, but also sometimes made financial statements less comparable across the EU. The impact of these new requirements has been greatest on small and medium-sized companies, which are the backbone of the European economy and the main job creators in the EU.
5. What is the relationship of this new Directive with Directive 2012/6/EU on accounting requirements for micro-entities?
Directive 2012/6/EU on micro-entities has been faithfully incorporated into the new Directive. Micro undertakings are those with less than 10 employees, a turnover of not more than €0.7 million and/or a balance sheet total of not more than €0.35 million.
Micro undertakings will at least be protected against complexity as much as small companies are. In addition, the Directive permits a micro undertaking to prepare a very simple balance sheet and profit and loss account with virtually no notes, if a Member State wishes so.
6. How will companies benefit?
The "think small first" approach of this Directive will enable companies to prepare profit and loss accounts, balance sheets and notes that are more proportionate to their size and to the information needs of the users of their financial statements. This is made possible as more undertakings will be considered as small. In addition, the Directive encourages Member States to distinguish between micro- and medium-sized undertakings, with a view to ensuring that administrative costs are appropriate to their size.
More than 90% of EU companies will be in the small category for accounting purposes. This is more than today, but this better reflects the actual structure of businesses in Europe. As a result, many companies which are currently seen as large will observe a reduction in the amount of information to be provided by ways of notes when they fall in the small category. Notes will include between 8 and 13 items, compared to 14 to 24 items or plus today. Also, there will be no need to specify extraordinary items in the profit and loss, as a simple explanation where appropriate in the notes will suffice. Some companies may not observe such simplification, but will at least benefit from single filing systems. The degree of simplification will depend on the Member State in which a company is registered, and on the situation of each company.
7. In which Member States will the effects be most significant?
Companies will experience benefits in many Member States, including Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden and Slovakia.
In addition, as the net turnover and balance sheet total thresholds will also be increased in line with inflation (they were last increased in 2006), more companies will be categorised as small in all Member States, and some large companies that currently exceed the thresholds only marginally will be re-categorised as medium-sized in the Member States where this category has already been recognised in national law (Austria, Cyprus, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Ireland, Luxemburg, Malta, The Netherlands, Slovenia and the United Kingdom).
8. Why will small groups be exempted from preparing consolidated financial statements?
Requiring the parent company of a small group to prepare consolidated financial statements, in addition to its individual financial statements, adds a considerable administrative burden. This is especially the case when only a small number of users is interested in the performance and financial position of a small group.
In fact, most Member States have already adopted an option into their national legislation that exempts small groups from preparing consolidated financial statements. Only Estonia, Greece and Romania do not currently use this exemption.
9. Why merge the Directives on individual and consolidated financial statements?
There were many cross-references between the two old Directives, so merging them is a logical step. Furthermore, in the public consultation on the review of the Directives, there was strong support for such a measure on the grounds that it would provide clarity, consistency and coherence to the accounting framework for non-listed companies. The old Directives dated from 1978 and 1983 respectively and, in any event, needed to be modernised and simplified.
10. Is action at European level really necessary? After all most SMEs do not even operate cross-border.
It is true that most EU micro companies have limited cross-border activities. However as companies become larger, they are more likely to expand across borders. Having a more harmonised accounting regime within the EU facilitates that process.
11. Will this not lead to fragmentation of the Single Market?
On the contrary, this Directive strengthens the cohesiveness of the Single Market. By keeping financial statements comparable, clear and easy to understand, cross-border activities are facilitated. This allows companies to find further funding outside their home Member States. The simplified regime for the smallest companies (micro undertakings) is not expected to have much impact on the Single Market, given that these firms generally operate at a very local level.
12. How are IFRS and IFRS for SMEs linked to this Directive?
IFRS (the International Financial Reporting Standard) for small- and medium-sized enterprises was published by the International Accounting Standards Board (1) in 2009 in order to meet the specific accounting needs of companies that are not publicly accountable (SMEs in IFRS terminology). When examining the various policy options available to replace the old Accounting Directives, the Commission examined and rejected the option to adopt the IFRS for SMEs at EU level. The Impact Assessment concluded that introducing the IFRS for SMEs would not appropriately serve the objectives of simplification and reduction of administrative burden. For instance, the Directive does not require preparation of a cash flow statement, whereas this is mandatory under the IFRS for SMEs.
Nevertheless, Member States are able to permit or require the IFRS for SMEs as their accounting standard for all or some of their unlisted companies provided that the Directive is fully implemented and the standard is modified to comply with any accounting requirement of the Directive that departs from the IFRS for SMEs. In order to comply with the simpler regime introduced by this Directive, IFRS for SMEs may be available only as a voluntary option for small companies in jurisdictions where the standard is used.
13. The Commission has brought forward a legislative initiative on a common consolidated corporate tax base (CCCTB). How does this new Directive fit with this initiative?
The CCCTB rules would not affect the preparation of individual or consolidated financial statements. The harmonisation proposed under the CCCTB would only involve the computation of the tax base. Therefore, Member States would be able to maintain their national rules on financial reporting as derived from the Directive, and the CCCTB system would introduce autonomous rules for computing the tax base of companies.
14. Why would the proposal not introduce electronic filing tools such as XBRL?
When preparing the proposal, the Commission considered whether to mandate the preparation of financial statements under an electronic format such as XBRL (2), for all EU limited liability companies. Whilst it is still worth considering a broader use of electronic solutions in the EU, it appeared neither necessary, nor proportionate at this stage to mandate the adoption of XBRL or similar formats for all EU companies.
However, for companies listed on a stock exchange, for their investors and competent authorities, a harmonised electronic format for reporting would be very beneficial, since it would make reporting easier and facilitate accessibility, analysis and comparability of annual financial reports. The European legislator has therefore agreed in the context of the Transparency Directive to mandate that from 1 January 2020 all annual financial reports shall be prepared in a single electronic reporting format. The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) should develop the necessary draft regulatory technical standards to specify the electronic reporting format, with due reference to current and future technological options and submit them to the Commission at the latest by 31 December 2016. It will carry out an adequate assessment of possible electronic reporting formats, conduct appropriate field tests and do a cost-benefit analysis.
15. Why prevent public interest entities (PIEs) from the benefits of any simplification?
PIEs (typically listed companies, banks and insurers) take money from the public at large, and there needs to be a high degree of transparency around their performance and financial position to allow fully informed decisions to be taken by members of the public before dealing with such an entity. Accordingly, the simplified and reduced accounting requirements for small and medium-sized privately-owned companies are considered inappropriate for PIEs.
16. What about "Banking" and "Insurance" Accounting Directives? Why are they not in the package?
The "Banking" and "Insurance" Accounting Directives build on the principles of the original Accounting Directives, introducing specific requirements for the financial statements of banks and insurance companies. Changes in the Accounting Directive have similar effects on the accounting formats used by banks and insurance companies. The new legislation includes a correlation table that allows users of the "Banking" and "Insurance" Accounting Directives to identify specific changes which would have consequential effects on these two Directives. This is also the case for other Directives that cross-refer to the original Accounting Directives.
Further information
See also MEMO/13/541 – New disclosure requirements for the extractive industry and loggers of primary forests in the Accounting and Transparency Directives (Country by Country Reporting)
See also MEMO/13/544– Transparency Directive
1 :
Based in London, the International Accounting Standards Board or IASB is an independent, not-for-profit private sector organisation working in the public interest. It is responsible for developing the International Financial Reporting Standards International Accounting Standards and promoting the use and application of these standards
2 :
XBRL stands for "extensible Business Reporting Language", a global standard for exchanging business information electronically.


text: Korean Job Discussion Forums :: View topic - african american teachers? Speak Korean Now! Korean Job Discussion Forums"The Internet's Meeting Place for ESL/EFL Teachers from Around the World!" FAQ Search Memberlist Usergroups Register Profile Log in to check your private messages Log in african american teachers? Korean Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> FAQ View previous topic :: View next topic Author Message ahammernikJoined: 02 Jun 2003 Posted: Thu Jun 05, 2003 8:37 am Post subject: african american teachers? okay, so they don't like fat teachers. what about african americans? Back to top waggoJoined: 18 May 2003Location: pusan baby! Posted: Thu Jun 05, 2003 10:29 am Post subject: A won Jang Nims nightmare teacher..... Probably A Fat ,Black One Parent Biker on Acid who has genuine teaching scruples. Back to top Hank ScorpioJoined: 18 Jan 2003Location: Ann Arbor, MI Posted: Thu Jun 05, 2003 5:43 pm Post subject: Re: A won Jang Nims nightmare teacher..... waggo wrote: Probably A Fat ,Black One Parent Biker on Acid who has genuine teaching scruples. With tattoos. Back to top GordJoined: 25 Feb 2003 Posted: Thu Jun 05, 2003 5:55 pm Post subject: The secret is the afro. Back to top Ryst HelmutJoined: 26 Apr 2003Location: In search of the elusive signature... Posted: Mon Jun 09, 2003 5:04 am Post subject: Americans that are black... Aham, Well, I've not first-hand experience, but had a co-worker that was Zimbabwe-American and he told me of overt prejudice he encountered. This was 5/6 years ago, but I doubt things have changed. Koreans seem to have a notion that them Amarykans are ____, _____, ____ and ____....you know, just as the movies, TV programs portray. In my discussion classes, I've found that my students (20's-30's) think that Af-Am are exactly like those in movies...with all the negative connotation that may render. I even had one academy director tell me that he wouldn't hire a black teacher, because their English level is not gut enuff. That is about it for my experience with the subject. Good luck. Shoosh, Ryst Back to top waterbabyJoined: 01 Feb 2003Location: Baking Gord a Cheescake pie Posted: Mon Jun 09, 2003 5:28 am Post subject: I've only known one African-Canadian person and she was very qualified as a teacher and she got a great job in Korea, great conditions and great pay. Hmmm, I don't know if this is saying more about being black or being well qualified ??? If you're interested, here is a thread about non white teachers in Korea (all five pages!)... http://www.eslcafe.com/forums/korea/viewtopic.php?t=3523 Back to top Tiger BeerJoined: 07 Feb 2003 Posted: Tue Jun 10, 2003 1:11 am Post subject: This is a difficult one to answer.. as most are going to be of a discouraging nature.. Try JW on this forum, as he's African-American.. I've met at least a half dozen or maybe a dozen African-American English teachers here in Korea.. they seem to stick around and do well.. I've known one of which has been here for 5+ years as was a director of a group of teachers.. he works for the Korean gov't regarding English training.. very nice guy.. i just met him a couple times as I was almost hired there.. I met another guy who was Ethiopian-British.. he had a great parttime job.. well, essentially, i mean he had a work visa to work parttime hours and fulltime pay and all the benefits.. he'd been around for while to get that.. I met another woman from the Carribean who had British citizenship who teaches at a university and been here quite a long time.. she seems to like it as she's been here for quite a long time now.. General consensus is Koreans don't like african pigmentation.. but many of the african-americans or british or whatever that i've met seemed to have overcome that quite easily as well.. if they decide they want to be here for whatever reason.. Anyhow, most people are going to probably post negative stuff.. which probably has alot of truth to it as well.. i'm not sure.. but if you are looking for positive words.. those are some that i can give.. Back to top HardyandTinyJoined: 03 Jun 2003 Posted: Thu Jun 12, 2003 1:01 am Post subject: It's good see so many positive posts about this issue. I do not teach in Korea but I live here and I do see, in general, a positive rapid progress towards eliminating racial stereotypes. Hey, one up for Korea on this one! Back to top logan2003Joined: 20 May 2003 Posted: Sun Jun 15, 2003 4:25 am Post subject: I too am African American I can tell you I have had little problems. Stupid comments from Kids do not bother me. I get along very well with the staff. But I think it takes a thick skin period to work here. If you are too tall, if you nose is too big, black, red, ,.....what ever they will ask you stupid questions or make dumb comments. Many here do not have the expousure to culture that we all have comming from the west. So it is not ONLY blacks. I too know of other teachers of African dissent. One recently finished...no two finished thier contracts. One really wanted to stay but her friends had gone home so she decided to go....it was a tough choice for her. It was not like she was thinking about bad Korea had been to her. ok so it is ok to be black just make sure you have extra time to look for a job. Also it is better if you are here in Korea with all of the docs you need for the e2 visa. I have worked at two places, and have signed a contract at the second. Back to top little mixed girlJoined: 11 Jun 2003Location: shin hyesung's bed~ Posted: Sun Jun 15, 2003 1:58 pm Post subject: ...Last edited by little mixed girl on Tue Apr 15, 2008 5:32 am; edited 1 time in total Back to top chi-chiJoined: 15 Jan 2003 Posted: Sun Jun 15, 2003 7:20 pm Post subject: They will probably be cool with it, and you'll probably get lots of compliments from the Koreans about how you look. Expect confused looks from the older generation/strangers. They will probably think you know the language and will go on and on at you in Korean when you first get there, it will be kind of funny. Back to top dulouzJoined: 04 Feb 2003Location: Uranus Posted: Wed Jun 18, 2003 6:54 pm Post subject: lmg, the phrase i hear from korean women is that when an anglo on korean have a kid, the kid is always "beautiful". well, they can test that theory out now. Back to top little mixed girlJoined: 11 Jun 2003Location: shin hyesung's bed~ Posted: Thu Jun 19, 2003 1:12 pm Post subject: ... Back to top Display posts from previous: All Posts1 Day7 Days2 Weeks1 Month3 Months6 Months1 Year Oldest FirstNewest First Korean Job Discussion Forums Forum Index -> FAQ All times are GMT - 8 Hours Page 1 of 1 Jump to: Select a forum Forums:----------------FAQJob-related Discussion ForumGeneral Discussion ForumOff-Topic ForumTravel ForumCurrent Events ForumTechnology ForumBuy/Sell/Trade Forum You cannot post new topics in this forumYou cannot reply to topics in this forumYou cannot edit your posts in this forumYou cannot delete your posts in this forumYou cannot vote in polls in this forum This page is maintained by the one and only Dave Sperling. Contact Dave's ESL Cafe Copyright © 2018 Dave Sperling. All Rights Reserved. Powered by phpBB © 2001, 2002 phpBB Group TEFL International Supports Dave's ESL Cafe


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I'd like to post my Instagram photos to my WordPress blog.
I cannot use one of the many existing Instagram plugins, though, because those plugins simply post the images on my blog but they are still hosted by Instagram. I'd like this to be a batch process that will actually upload the Instagram photo to my WordPress media library and then post it.
In summary: How do I automatically upload and post Instagram photos to my WordPress blog (not via a sidebar widget)?


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Trucks - large, medium, and small, hundreds of thousands of them - are on the move every day of the year.
Today, the truck transportation and warehousing industry is the largest sector within U.S. transportation, and is projected to need large numbers of new employees over the next 10-years.
And what might it take for you to become a working member of this industry?
Truck transportation employers often require that driver applicants be at least 18-years of age, have a good driving record, and have the ability to pass a written examination. Federal and state regulations also may require most drivers of large trucks to hold a Commercial Driver's License (CDL) from their state of residence. Employers often also prefer candidates who have graduated from high school.
Warehouse employers do not have as many specific requirements, but usually seek employees - laborers and hand freight, stock, and material movers - who are reliable and capable of doing physically demanding work quickly and accurately.
Today, nearly 2 million drivers, mechanics, warehouse workers, and others are part of the U.S. truck transportation and warehousing industry. Most work is full-time, but good part-time jobs are also available. Wages and benefits vary by the type of passenger transportation system and location, with local governments and urban transit systems often offering the highest pay scales. About 1 in every 10 truck transportation and Warehousing employees are union members or are covered by union contracts, with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters representing the most industry workers.
Between now and 2014 these opportunities should only get better, with hundreds of thousands of new workers needed, including:
So why wait any further to explore more fully what the truck transportation and warehousing industry might have to offer you!1
Three sites have information on trucking. We highlight the sites and the content we think you'll find useful as you explore your career options in this area of transportation.
For a quick overview of what each site below offers, click the link.
1 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics; American Trucking Association.


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Kathy Butterly
Posted by: admin
I work as an artist, making sculptures from clay. My work is represented by the Tibor De Nagy Gallery in NYC. I started working with clay while at Moore, so I would definitely say that Moore provided me with the opportunity to find what truly interested me, which is what I continue to do today.
I chose Moore because I wanted to go to school in a city. I grew up in the suburbs of northern New Jersey, and Philadelphia was just far enough where I could establish being on my own but close enough that I could visit my family easily.
I liked Moore because it was a small school and it felt intimate. I was part of a core group of fine art majors who really inspired and challenged each other. I still have very strong connections with some of my professors who are now my friends and peers. Moore helped me to grow intellectually and to find my identity as artist. In hindsight, being at an all woman's college was also very empowering.
I liked being in Philadelphia because I could walk everywhere. I could visit friends who attended other colleges in town and go to some of the city's great museums. Overall, Philly is a city which supports the arts and values its artists.


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Jo-Wilfried Tsonga continues his hot streak, following up a title in Bangkok (beating Nole Djokovic) with an impressive 6-3, 4-6, 6-4 victory against defending champ David Nalbandian at the BNP Paribas Masters Paris — the ATP season's final stop before the top 8 players head to Shanghai.
Tsonga took out Stepanek, Nole, Roddick, and Blake in previous rounds. His opponent, the Argentine, stayed with a pattern of peaking year-end (he won Paris last year) by overcoming phenoms Juan Martin Del Potro, Andy Murray, and Paris mainstay Kolya Davydenko before falling to Tsonga.
Tsonga wore a green adidas crew for his matches and this aqua Eiffel Tower-themed tee for the trophy ceremony. Unlike last year's nipple nightmare, the trophy ladies came out in amazing headdresses that only the Parisian ateliers could churn out. Still, not everything is well: tourney organizers still need to work on that trophy. (Bring back the tree!)
Nadia Petrova has racked up her second title of 2008 with a 4-6, 6-4, 6-1 win over Bethanie Mattek in the Quebec Challenge. For those interested, Mattek wore a black long-sleeved top.


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The Social Network for Innovators in Motion
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In the FORUM discussion on dance & technology and control I mentioned that i would like to re-visit a dance work i saw last week. in the blog ar large, cited here, the specific report is written on November 21: M o v e m e n t A.
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MINNEAPOLIS -- Some pretty remarkable things can happen to a young man simply by accepting that select invitation to perform at the Perfect Game National Showcase.
Remarkable especially when that acceptance requires a commitment quite different from the one made by the other 300-plus top prospects in attendance. Remarkable especially when that acceptance requires a 4,000-mile trip by airplane. Remarkable especially when there are no expectations whatsoever as to what the results the acceptance of that prized invitation will be.
Yet the only adequate way to describe the day Hawaiian left-handed pitcher Kodi Medeiros spent at the Perfect Game National Showcase at the downtown Metrodome is simply remarkable.
"It's been life-changing, really," Medeiros said Friday, just three weeks after celebrating his 17th birthday. "I didn't really expect the kind of things that are happening to me right now. Just from me pitching and everything, just from that it's really kind of changing my life."
Medeiros' life-changing moment came on Wednesday when he put on his No. 19 PG Purple jersey and walked out to the mound at Mall of America Field as the first pitcher to throw at the 2013 PG National. This was definitely one of those instances of a showcase putting its best foot forward right from the get go. Or, as Perfect Game managing editor Patrick Ebert wrote in his PG National Day 1 recap:
"Hawaiian lefty Kodi Medeiros kicked off the event with arguably the most impressive pure pitching performance on the day. He sat 91-93, touching 94, using a slinging, low three-quarters delivery that created a fair amount of deception and made him especially tough on left-handed hitters. The arm angle also complemented his low-80s slider, showing the ability to change speeds and throw strikes with both pitches."
With a couple hundred professional scouts and college coaches watching his performance, Medeiros -- a 6-foot, 180-pound senior-to-be at Waiakea High School in Hilo, Hawaii -- suddenly found himself in the national spotlight. He has not committed to a college yet so now both college recruiters and the Major League Baseball scouting community are worthy players at the table.
"This has been unbelievable," Robert Medeiros, Kodi's father, said Friday. "It brings tears to your eyes to see your son's dreams come true; it's just 'Wow!' His level of pitching -- and I thought I'd seen it all -- just keeps increasing. It gets a little better, a little better, a little better and I'm just, like, blown away."
It wasn't exactly like Medeiros had been pitching on a deserted island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean for the past seven years -- Hilo is on Hawaii's Big Island and there is a 21st century mass media presence, after all -- so baseball people in his home state were are aware of his ability. He has attended several local showcase events, including one in Maui in October where he performed in front of dozens of mainland scouts and was impressive enough to receive an invitation to this year's Area Code Games.
But it was important for Medeiros to make the effort to bring himself to the scouts on the mainland instead of the scouts coming to him on the Hawaiian Islands. He just needed to make sure he wound up in the right spot.
"Through the advice of David Matranga is how we got here," Robert Medeiros said. "With his knowledge of where we should go, we learned this was one of the biggest events that we should attend, and look what happened. It's just awesome."
Matranga works as the Medeiros' advisor; he is also the advisor for Hawaiian brothers Kolten and Kean Wong. Kolten Wong was an MLB first round draft pick of the St. Louis Cardinals out of the University of Hawaii in 2011 and Kean was scooped up in the fourth round of last week's 2013 MLB amateur draft by the Texas Rangers.
"These guys are all best friends and I've been hearing about Kodi for a lot of years," Matranga said Friday while in the company of Kodi and Robert. "I finally got a chance to see him throw in a tournament (in Hawaii) in February, and there were about 15 scouts there and a star was kind of born that day. And then he comes here, and now the star is really born.
"I got involved with them and they asked 'What should we do, where should we go?' and I said Minnesota. They said, 'Minnesota, where's Minnesota?' but I told (Kodi) this is where you need to go to get on the national map."
"That's exactly what he said and it's been life-changing," Robert Medeiros said.
Medeiros started playing baseball as a 10-year-old after previously being involved with judo while in early elementary school. He's a long way now from those judo classes of this youth, and although he's new at this showcase thing, he did say he came in with solid expectations.
"I kind of knew what to expect. I knew the competition was going to be very good with all the top (prospects) in the nation," Medeiros said. "When I first came in and got my jersey that's when I had some butterflies, but when I met all my teammates and everything and everyone would shake hands and stuff like that, that's when the butterflies kind of went away.
"Maybe when I was warming up I was a little bit nervous in the bullpen but then when I found the strike zone I knew that I should be fine."
When at home in Hilo, Medeiros works with veteran pitching coach Jerry Meyer, a former minor league player in the St. Louis Cardinals organization in the 1950s. Meyer, who is 79 years old, works with young pitchers on Hawaii's Big Island free of charge and, according to Medeiros, will adjust his own schedule to accommodate the pitching prospect's schedule.
"He's like a grandfather to (Kodi)," Robert Medeiros offered.
There has been a measurable progression in Medeiros' skill level and physical development in the time has worked with Meyers.
"My velocity has increased every year based on the mechanics and the workouts I do with him," Medeiros said. "The pitches that he's teaching me, we go step-by-step until I finally work one pitch really well, and then I learn a new one and I try to work with him twice a week."
Medeiros has reached the point in his development where he's comfortable throwing two- and four-seam fastballs, a changeup and a cut fastball, and he's working on a curveball.
The brief PG scouting report filed after his outing Wednesday noted that "nothing he threw in his two innings was straight" but the performance went straight into the members of the scouting communities' memory banks. All in all, it was simply remarkable; a life-changer.


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Water meant to irrigate fields is being diverted to coal fired power plants on a massive scale in Maharashtra. On the morning of May 22, Greenpeace activist climbers unfurled a 250 foot banner on the Upper Wardha dam in Amravati, Maharashtra to garner attention to this issue. To support this campaign ask the CM of Maharashtra, Prithviraj Chavan to return the water to the farmers. Click here.
The Upper Wardha dam in Amravati is considered to be a lifeline for surrounding cities and towns. But water resources in the state are quickly sliding away from those who need it the most and water meant for farmers is being diverted to coal fired power plants even from this dam.
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Delta Media, LLC needed a new coded website design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 40 designs submitted by 5 freelance designers.
I need my HTML newsletter to look more organized, less sloppy, less drab, more appealing! Just a one page template!
The Ultimate Resource for the Armed Citizen
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Fort Lauderdale's 15 Best Brunches For Boozy Bargains
Tacocraft is a semi-authentic boutique taqueria & tequila bar located in the middle of historic Himmarshee Village in downtown Fort Lauderdale. The name Tacocraft came about the by the way we make our tacos. Every tortilla is hand-crafted by Mexican senoras who have been taught by their mothers and grandmothers. Tacocraft features modern interpretations of street food classics and utilizes the best available local, seasonal and sustainable ingredients. Located directly in the heart of the vibrant downtown scene, tacocraft instills an urban feel while showcasing street art and hand painted murals thru out the space. Local Wynwood street artist Ruben Ubiera was commissioned to create urban elements and street-style graffiti art that makes the space playful and inviting.
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Restaurant Website Design by WEBDINER


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I've got a get well card to share with you today. I'm using the Mojo Monday sketch #228 for the layout, and the Color Throwdown #179 palette for the colors.
Boo Boo Bear image with Copics and added Glossy Accents to her nose and pads of her feet. You can see the shine pretty good in this photo.
Rolled Scalloped Flower die. One of them was made with cs and the other with felt. The third flower is a Recollections flower.
That's all for this card. I'll be back in a little while with an anniversary card I made with a new stamp I got at the convention last week.
Thanks for stopping by!
Stamps: Boo Boo Bear (Whipper Snapper Designs); Sunshine Cheer (Our Craft Lounge)
Paper: Sweetness (Pink Paislee); Garden Party (DCWV)
Ink: Copic markers; Distress Ink; Memento
Dies: Rolled Scalloped Flower (My Favorite Things); Crocheted Circle Die (Our Daily Bread); Fair Isle Pendants, Fancy Tags Two (Spellbinders)
Accessories: Bloom Dots embossing folder (Cuttlebug); ribbon (Michaels); pearls; flowers; sewing thread; foam dots; Glossy Accents; Liquid Pearls; Shimmer Sprintz
Size: A2 (4.25" x 5.5")
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