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Mourinho angered by Costa treatment
Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho accused Everton's players of trying to get striker Diego Costa into trouble during their manic 6-3 victory at Goodison Park.
The Spain international scored in the first and last minutes but in between was booked for an altercation with Seamus Coleman, having previously upset his opponents by apparently goading the Republic of Ireland international for his own goal to make it 3-1 in the second half.
Mourinho said he was disappointed with some of Everton's attempts to aggravate his £32million signing from Atletico Madrid.
"The only thing I didn't like in this game - apart from some of our defensive mistakes - was the way some Everton players were trying to create problems for him," said the Portuguese.
"I don't think this is English football. There is a good tradition with Everton teams because everything is good, everything is positive: the manager, the quality of their football.
"But to be chasing cards to a player who once more had good behaviour and was just here to play football is disappointing.
"At the end of the story Diego is maybe the best player in the Premier League in the first three matches and he has two yellow cards; one against Burnley where he didn't simulate - it was a penalty and today when everyone was chasing him to get him in trouble. That is disappointing."
Everton manager Roberto Martinez's response was to suggest Costa's behaviour showed he had yet to learn the standards associated with English football but refused to be drawn into a slanging match.
"I am disappointed if a manager who has won a game away from home complains about the attitude of players," said the Spaniard, who said his side showed fear when the ball came anywhere near their penalty area.
"There are certain foreign players who come to the Premier League who need to understand the ethics and the culture as the behaviour in the British game is unique.
"The last thing you want to see is disrespect from a player to another player and I am sure he will learn that very quickly.
"There is a real professionalism and respect in the league so you can understand why the players weren't happy with that, in the same way of trying to buy free-kicks with the way he plays.
"I will not fall in to that trap of being disrespectful."
Mourinho described Costa's performance as "fantastic in every aspect".
"In the first half he was tackling Coleman on the edge of our box, he recovered balls, he held the ball up, went face to face with Howard two times and scored two goals - his movement, his quality was really good.
"But we made defensive mistakes. It is difficult to believe Wednesday afternoon we trained one and half hours and did only two things: defensive corners and defensive free-kicks.
"So imagine how happy I am with the result of our work. It was better Wednesday to give them free time, stay at home with my wife and kids rather than train when they come here and concede the second goal, which is ridiculous."
Branislav Ivanovic made it 2-0 inside three minutes after Costa's opener and after Kevin Mirallas pulled one back on half-time Coleman's own goal restored Chelsea's cushion at the start of a mad 11-minute spell which also brought further goals for Steven Naismith, Nemanja Matic, Samuel Eto'o on debut, Ramires, and finally Costa.
PA Media


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Jason Schwartzman Gossip
Jason Schwartzman gossip, latest news, photos, and video.
Cannes 2012: Heavy on Hollywood
(Lainey: I'm still catching up after flying overnight to Cannes. Trying to rush out a few new articles but let's start first with Sarah's Cannes preview since they're all starting to arrive. I screen Moonrise Kingdom tonight. Attached - the cast at the photo call today.) The Cannes Film Festival is always glamorous and Hollywood is always well represented, but this year seems particularly heavy on the star power, headed, of course, by the Brange. Full Story
A close cast
Scott Pilgrim vs the World was all over Comic-Con. It was plastered all over the Hilton Bayfront. It was hyped like almost no other feature. And it is also getting a lot, a LOT of love from critics and fans and nerds and herds. They say that Edgar Wright's (director) work is incredible. They say that the effects and the story are original and resonant and at once entertaining and moving. Full Story

subset: commoncrawl


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Booz Allen Hamilton: The Leadership Challenge Helps Achieve Performance Excellence
As a leading global strategy and technology consulting firm, Booz Allen Hamilton is continually working to improve the lifeblood of its business: employees. Seizing the opportunity to facilitate leadership, the company integrated The Leadership Challenge® Workshop into its work culture nine years ago. Since then, more than 2,500 leaders at the Virginia-headquartered company have attended the class, which espouses the philosophy of Jim Kouzes and Barry Posner, the foremost experts in leadership development who penned the best-selling book of the same name.
The 90-year-old organization generates annual sales of $3.3 billion; works with major international corporations and government clients; and employs more than 16,000 people on six continents. This year, it earned second place in Training magazine's "Top 100" list and was named one of the "100 Best Companies to Work For" in FORTUNE magazine.
"The primary reason we implemented The Leadership Challenge was to give leaders an opportunity to see how others perceive them and how they see themselves," says Senior Director Ed Cohen. "It also helps them develop an action plan."
Cohen oversees Booz Allen Hamilton's Center for Performance Excellence, which builds and expands the company's learning culture through workshops, online self-study courses, a virtual online campus, and more.
In 1996, the three-day workshop's rollout began with the firm's partners. Then it cascaded to the principals and eventually evolved to the senior-management level. A 360-degree assessment instrument, The Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) serves as the foundational feedback tool for the workshop.
LPI is the best-selling aid that approaches leadership as a set of behaviors. This comprehensive leadership-assessment tool measures behaviors and guides leaders-in-training through the process of applying Kouzes and Posner's The Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership" model.
At Booz Allen Hamilton, follow-up coaching is held one month after The Leadership Challenge® Workshop. During this one-on-one post-session, the individual's action plan is reviewed and each leader can consider his or her progress.
Sometimes leaders will also participate in Leadership Challenge triads, where individuals identify and isolate specific areas of their LPI that they judge needs improvement. Then the participants work as a team, interacting collaboratively and sharing knowledge, skills, success, and failure to help improve competencies and attain a performance level of strength.
Booz Allen Hamilton measures the workshop's success in two ways: end-of-course reviews by attendees and the number of referrals to the course.
"Though not a mandatory program, every single person who qualifies—senior associates, principals, and partners—has attended," says Cohen. "They see attendance at this program as key to their development as leaders, and we want our leaders to be better leaders."
This highly valued workshop is viewed as a privilege. Those who qualify are asked to wait at least one year after their promotion or hiring to a senior-level position before attending. "This one-year period gives them a chance to perform in a leadership role before being assessed," says Cohen.
The Leadership Challenge® Workshop is part of the firm's ongoing, whole leadership-training program and culture that combines mentoring and apprenticeship. Last year alone there was an average of 500 new hires each month. Keeping stride with the workforce's rapid growth, the Center for Performance Excellence expanded nearly 50 percent from 49 to 72 trainers.
"We know that our leaders inherently want to do better," says Cohen. "The Leadership Challenge® Workshop and subsequent follow-up sessions are opportunities to reflect on where they see themselves and if their perceptions are in alignment with others. If not, they can take guided measures to create alignment and agreement."
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Scientists discover special class of natural fats stimulates immune cells to fight diseases
An international research team led by scientists from Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) under the Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) discovered that a special class of fatty molecules is essential for activating a unique group of early-responding immune cells. This study sheds light on how recognition of fatty molecules by immune cells could protect from infection, allergic reactions, autoimmune diseases and cancer. More importantly, it offers new opportunities to exploit the use of these stimulatory fatty molecules in therapeutic interventions, such as the development of new vaccines and drugs targetted for autoimmune diseases.
The early-responding immune cells investigated in this study, called the invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, are important as first line of defence against infectious and foreign agents. When stimulated, iNKT cells secrete large amounts of biological chemicals, and are capable of influencing the responses of other immune cells in the body.
It is well established that iNKT cells recognise and are activated by fatty molecules from various sources, including those from diseases-causing bacteria and those that are naturally produced in the thymus. This study identifies for the first time, the actual type of fatty molecules that stimulates the development of iNKT cells in the thymus. This discovery came about through systematic biochemical and structural analysis of fatty molecules extracted from the thymus.
The team, co-led by Professor Gennaro De Libero and Dr Lucia Mori, Senior Principal Investigators at SIgN, found that the fatty molecules produced in the thymus which were able to stimulate iNKT cells all have the chemical linkage called ether bonds.
To validate the stimulatory activity of these special class of self-generated fatty molecules, the scientists artificially manufactured ether-bonded fatty molecules through synthetic chemistry, and found that they were similarly able to activate iNKT cells, promoting their development in the thymus.
In addition, the scientists uncovered that these ether-bonded fats were the same type of fatty molecules which are produced by the peroxisome, a sub-compartment that specialises in fat metabolism, found within all cells of the body. Using a mouse strain that is lacking in the peroxisomal enzyme, and hence unable to make ether-bonded fatty molecules, the scientists found that such mice could not produce the complete repertoire of fully functional iNKT cells.
Dr Mori said, "We are very excited to have identified the type of fatty self-molecules that stimulates T cells. This discovery sets a new paradigm for understanding the rules that govern development and activation of frontline immune cells of the body."
Professor De Libero added, "With fresh insights from this study, we now have new tools to explore novel therapeutic strategies for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases where such fatty molecules are key to disease development."
Scientific Director of SIgN, Professor Paola Castagnoli said, "Our focus and mission at SIgN has always been to study human immunology, in particular the underlying mechanisms of inflammatory responses in human diseases. This discovery is a breakthrough for the field of lipid immunity, a new niche area in immunology that SIgN has recently been developing. I would like to congratulate Gennaro and Lucia for this excellent piece of work that has done SIgN, A*STAR proud at the international scientific level. I am confident that with more in-depth understanding of the role of lipid immunity in human diseases, we will find novel ways to cure many types of immune diseases, from autoimmune to infectious diseases, for the benefit of patients in the future"


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Check our out full written review of the Samsung Galaxy S3.
The news is out. Samsung has revealed that it has managed to strike deals with all four major US wireless carriers and a fifth, for good measure. AT&T, Sprint, T-Mobile, Verizon, and US Cellular will all offer the Galaxy S3 at some point in June with a retail price of $200 with a two-year contract. The news is good for everyone who might want a S3, but may also be monumental in its own right.
Big progress in one year
The news shows the progress Samsung's Galaxy brand has made in less than a year. Though carriers beg for the chance to sell an iPhone, it took many months for Samsung to convince US carriers to accept the Galaxy S2 last year. The phone was released in Europe around May 2011, but didn't hit the US market in force until October. And even then, it was hardly a unified launch. Verizon passed on the device entirely, and the three carriers that did accept the phone — AT&T, Sprint, and T-Mobile — each required ridiculous customizations and name changes to make their versions seem unique. Sprint and T-Mobile even had the S2's screen enlarged to 4.5 inches. Internal processors, the curvature and outward design of the phone, and many other traits varied between models. Sprint even refused to call it a Galaxy S2, instead renaming it to the "Epic 4G Touch." Release dates varied between mid September and mid October.
The Galaxy S3 appears to be a different story. The name ("Galaxy S III"), internal specs, price, screen size (4.8 inches), weight (4.7oz), and thickness (8.6mm) appear to be standardized.
The first simultaneous phone launch?
This may be the first phone to be released on all four US carriers with the same name and branding since, well, the original Motorola Razr. Don't hold me to that. There may have been other huge phones that I'm forgetting, but it is extremely rare for a brand to be big enough that US carriers want it enough that they will all accept it without branding changes. Even in the case of the Razr, it took a long time for it to extend its reach outside of AT&T, and was slightly redesigned for Verizon and other carriers (for the better). The iPhone is slowly building its footprint, but still isn't available on T-Mobile.
Will other phones follow suit?
Could this be the shape of things to come? We certainly hope so, but probably not. HTC and Nokia have tried to unify their smartphone offerings around the One X and Lumia 900 as well, but both have had to settle for releasing on a single carrier first. HTC has gotten the One X on Sprint and T-Mobile as well, but extensive sacrifices had to be made. T-Mobile got its own phone, pretty much, in the One S, and Sprint has required a complete rebranding of the phone, calling it the EVO 4G LTE.
Odds and ends
The European launch of the Galaxy S3 was plagued by delays in the 'Pebble blue' Galaxy S3. Judging by the mention of the blue model in the press release, we are hopeful, and suspect, that both white and blue will launch in the US.
For a detailed look at the Galaxy S3, check out our Galaxy S3 impressions piece and our in-depth comparison between the HTC One X and Galaxy S3
Editors' Recommendations
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- AT&T 5G comes to five more U.S. cities just in time for the new year
- Best folding phones of 2020: What's available now and what's coming soon
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- The best MVNOs for 2020


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Dave's Rating:
The blue won't hurt you.
There'll come a moment in this franchise's life (the third one is already planned) when the creative team realizes that Neil Patrick Harris's ongoing angst-ridden storylines are the least interesting and necessary part of the package. We didn't need to know about his ambivalence toward fatherhood in the last film and we don't need to know about his daddy issues in this one. Nobody cares. He and movie wife Jayma Mays are just extremely tall, not-blue people cluttering up the screen. In a more perfectly executed entertainment product for kindergarten-aged cinephiles they should be mere helpers to the Smurfs, human props that fall down and get bonked on the head sometimes, not legit characters with special feelings.
But then again, if these sorts of stupid human tricks weren't in the film we'd never get to see Brendan Gleeson turn into a talking duck.
Gleeson plays Harris's estranged stepfather, which is where the daddy issues come in. And it's not like he was an evil stepfather or anything, he just existed in the wrong place at the wrong time, rubbing Harris the wrong way and leading him to announce that he has no father at all. But when Gleeson turns into a duck (do you actually care why? of course you don't, it's enough that it happens) that plot thread perks right up and every word out of the veteran character actor's mouth suddenly because much more entertaining. Now if only Harris would turn into a chimp and Mays an armadillo, it would be no more or less confusing and nonsensical than it is now and we'd be spared hearing Patrick call his feathered stepfather "Martin Luther Wing."
Elsewhere, a parallel father-trauma is taking place as Smurfette (the voice of Katy Perry) gets kidnapped by the man who created her, the Smurf-hating Gargamel (Hank Azaria, always on point), and shown what her life would have been like had she not become good and gone off to live with the rest of the Blues. Obviously, she must be rescued before she turns naughty like Gargamel's two new Smurf-esque creations, Vexy (Christina Ricci) and Hackus (J.B. Smoove). More importantly she needs to be retrieved before she forgets that Papa Smurf (the late Jonathan Winters) is the father who truly loves her and raised her.
Notwithstanding these wanna-be-about-something-more-than-adorable-blue-antics detours, Smurfs 2 is a step forward from the first film. If you can ignore the Nutella cameo -- which is still crepe-based and therefore sort of forgivable in the context of it being set in France and all -- the product placement hate-crime of the first installment has given way to more pressing Smurf stuff: jokes about flatulence and testicles (you'll never think of the 80's breakfast cereal Smurfberry Crunch the same way again). Kids love that sort of thing. There are also runaway ferris wheels and candy trolleys and more screen time for the mean-spirited Gargamel, who's always finding himself movie-spanked for his crimes against Smurfs.
It's still a chaotic mess, of course, grinding itself to a screeching halt for bromides about the importance of family and forgiveness, then exploding like a confetti grenade of Smurf-chasing and slapstick violence. But it easily and energetically leaps right over the low standards bar, one set in place by so many other grating and offensive children's films. And if that's not the same thing as being good, it's plenty far removed from being truly bad. Draw the short straw, accompanying parent, it won't hurt that much.
34 out of 100 Metascore®
Read other critic reviews
You can fly. Eventually.
Songs about butts.
Death to the patriarchy.
Stay home.
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WASHINGTON, Dec. 8 (UPI) -- Last week's eye-popping demonstration by Amazon.com of its proposed method of delivery -- packages dropped on doorsteps by little helicopter drones -- has become an Internet sensation.
The company uploaded a video demonstration of drone delivery on YouTube, and raked in more than 11 million hits in less than a week.
Amazon's drones are warm and friendly, like the heroes of a Disney movie. Others coming your way, not so much.
Analyses in 2012 and earlier this year by United Press International and others predicted tens of thousands of drones will populate U.S. air space in the near future.
But the drones, many of them launched by different levels of government or law enforcement, most launched by the private sector, will present a privacy challenge that inevitably will make a landing in federal courts, and ultimately in the U.S. Supreme Court.
Coincidentally with the Amazon demonstration, the Federal Aviation Administration last month released its "Final FAA Privacy Policy for UAS Test Sites" -- UAS stands for unmanned aircraft systems.
"In connection with the UAS test site selection, the FAA is sending a final privacy policy to the Federal Register that requires test site operators to comply with federal, state and other laws on individual privacy protection, and take other measures related to privacy," the agency said.
The agency has taken applications from 25 teams in 24 states for the six test sites, which are meant to help integrate drones into U.S. air space. The FAA is expected to announce its selections this month.
"The FAA's mission is to provide the safest, most efficient aerospace system in the world and does not include regulating privacy," the agency policy statement said. "At the same time, the FAA recognizes that there is a substantial debate and difference of opinion among policy makers, industry, advocacy groups and members of the public as to whether UAS operations at the test sites will raise novel privacy issues that are not adequately addressed by existing legal frameworks."
Later the policy said, "Although there is a long history of placing cameras and other sensors on aircraft for a variety of purposes -- news helicopters, aerial surveys, film/television production, law enforcement etc. -- the FAA is not, through awarding and supervising these test sites, taking specific views on whether or how the federal government should regulate privacy or the scope of data that can be collected by manned or unmanned aircraft."
Congress has set a September 2015 deadline for FAA regulations, but that appears to be slipping.
The Electronic Frontier Foundation, a digital privacy non-profit headquartered in San Francisco, estimates there will be about 30,000 drones in U.S. skies in the next decade.
The American Civil Liberties Union for one is sounding alarm bells about the introduction of drones to U.S. skies.
"U.S. law enforcement is greatly expanding its use of domestic drones for surveillance," the ACLU said on its Bill of Rights blog. "Routine aerial surveillance would profoundly change the character of public life in America. Rules must be put in place to ensure that we can enjoy the benefits of this new technology without bringing us closer to a 'surveillance society' in which our every move is monitored, tracked, recorded and scrutinized by the government. Drone manufacturers are also considering offering police the option of arming these remote-controlled aircraft with [non-lethal for now] weapons like rubber bullets, Tasers and tear gas."
The ACLU proposes allowing law enforcement to deploy drones only with a warrant or in an emergency, an issue the FAA ducks even though such a requirement came up in public comments to the agency.
Conservative commentator Charles Krauthammer also sees pitfalls, to say the least.
On Fox News' "Special Report," Krauthammer said he doesn't "want regulations, I don't want restrictions, I want a ban on this. Drones are instruments of war. The Founders [of the country] had a great aversion to any instruments of war, the use of the military inside even the United States. ...
"It ought to be used in Somalia to hunt bad guys but not in America. I don't want to see it hovering over anybody's home. Yes, you can say we have satellites, we've got Google Street View and London has a camera on every street corner, but that's not an excuse to cave in on everything else and accept a society where you're always ... being watched by the government."
The ACLU looks to the federal courts and Congress to rein in the drones, but Krauthammer sees people resorting to the family long gun.
Krauthammer predicted "that the first guy who uses a Second Amendment weapon to bring a drone down that's been hovering over his house is going to be a folk hero in this country."
A report released early this year by the non-partisan Congressional Research Service raises a number of questions.
The report said the 2012 FAA Modernization and Reform Act makes drone safety a primary concern, but it "fails to establish how the FAA should resolve significant, and up to this point, largely unanswered legal questions."
Would a drone overflight in the United States, the report asks, "constitute a trespass? A nuisance? If conducted by the government, a constitutional taking? In the past, the Latin maxim cujus est solum ejus est usque ad coelum [for whoever owns the soil owns to the heavens] was sufficient to resolve many of these types of questions, but the proliferation of air flight in the 20th century has made this proposition untenable. Instead, modern jurisprudence concerning air travel is significantly more nuanced, and often more confusing."
The CRS said courts "have struggled to determine when an overhead flight constitutes a government taking [or appropriation] under the Fifth and 14th Amendments. With the ability to house surveillance sensors such as high-powered cameras and thermal-imaging devices, some argue that drone surveillance poses a significant threat to the privacy of American citizens. Because the Fourth Amendment's prohibition against unreasonable searches and seizures applies only to acts by government officials, surveillance by private actors such as the paparazzi, a commercial enterprise or one's neighbor is instead regulated, if at all, by state and federal statutes and judicial decisions.
"Yet, however strong this interest in privacy may be," the report said, "there are instances where the public's First Amendment rights to gather and receive news might outweigh an individual's interest in being let alone."
The report said there are "a host of related legal issues that may arise with this introduction of drones in U.S. skies. These include whether a property owner may protect his property from a trespassing drone; how stalking, harassment and other criminal laws should be applied to acts committed with the use of drones, and to what extent federal aviation law could pre-empt future state law.
"Because drone use will occur largely in federal airspace, Congress has the authority or can permit various federal agencies to set federal policy on drone use in American skies," the report said. "This may include the appropriate level of individual privacy protection, the balancing of property interests with the economic needs of private entities, and the appropriate safety standards required."
The report concluded: "The legal issues discussed in this report will likely remain unresolved until the civilian use of drones becomes more widespread. To that end, the FAA has been tasked with developing 'a comprehensive plan to safely accelerate the integration' of drones into the national airspace, which focuses on the safety of the drone technology and operator certification."
There is no explicit right to privacy in the U.S. Constitution.
But in 1965's classic 7-2 decision in Griswold vs. Connecticut, a U.S. Supreme Court majority led by Justice William O. Douglas found a state law "forbidding use of contraceptives violates the right of marital privacy, which is within the penumbra of specific guarantees of the Bill of Rights."
"Penumbra" aside, the high court has consistently recognized implicit constitutional privacy rights, particularly in the 7-2 decision in Roe vs. Wade, which recognized that a right to privacy extended to a woman's right to have an abortion.
Privacy rulings culminated in 2003's Lawrence vs. Texas.
In Lawrence, a 6-3 majority led by Justice Anthony Kennedy struck down the Lone Star State's anti-sodomy law and basically told government to get out of the bedroom.
But in the legal mind, certainly in the minds of the justices, the right to privacy in the Fourth Amendment hinges on a reasonable expectation of privacy. In other words, you may have a reasonable expectation of privacy in your bedroom, but have no such expectation when attempting to board an airliner.
Is that expectation reasonable when tens of thousands of drones populate the skies over the United States, as they surely will within the near future, many of them conducting surveillance?


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1968 flu pandemic
|Influenza (Flu)
|See also
The 1968 flu pandemic was a category 2 flu pandemic whose outbreak in 1968 and 1969 killed an estimated one million people worldwide.[1][2][3] It was caused by an H3N2 strain of the influenza A virus, descended from H2N2 through antigenic shift, a genetic process in which genes from multiple subtypes reassorted to form a new virus. Because it originated in Hong Kong, the pandemic is also referred to as Hong Kong flu.
The 1968–1969 pandemic[edit]
The first record of the outbreak in Hong Kong appeared on 13 July 1968. By the end of July 1968, extensive outbreaks were reported in Vietnam and Singapore. Despite the fatality of the 1957 Asian Flu in China, little improvement had been made regarding the handling of such epidemics. The Times newspaper was actually the first source to sound alarm regarding this new possible pandemic.
By September 1968, the flu reached India, the Philippines, northern Australia and Europe. That same month, the virus entered California from returning Vietnam War troops but did not become widespread in the United States until December 1968. It would reach Japan, Africa and South America by 1969.[4] The outbreak in Hong Kong, where density is about 500 people per acre, reached maximum intensity in two weeks, lasting six months in total from July to December 1968, however worldwide deaths from this virus peaked much later, in December 1968 and January 1969. By that time, public health warnings[5] and virus descriptions[6] were issued in the scientific and medical journals.
In comparison to other pandemics, the Hong Kong flu yielded a low death rate, with a case-fatality ratio below 0.5% making it a category 2 disease on the Pandemic Severity Index. The pandemic infected an estimated 500,000 Hong Kong residents, 15% of the population.[4] In the United States, approximately 33,800 people died,[7] including conjoined twins Daisy and Violet Hilton in January 1969.
The same virus returned the following years: a year later, in late 1969 and early 1970, and in 1972.
Fewer people died during this pandemic than the two previous pandemics for various reasons:[8]
- some immunity against the N2 flu virus may have been retained in populations struck by the Asian Flu strains which had been circulating since 1957;
- the pandemic did not gain momentum until near the winter school holidays, thus limiting the infection spreading;
- improved medical care gave vital support to the very ill;
- the availability of antibiotics that were more effective against secondary bacterial infections.
Clinical data[edit]
Flu symptoms lasted four to five days (some symptoms lasted up to two weeks).[4] Those over the age of 65 were most likely to die.
The Hong Kong flu was the first known outbreak of the H3N2 strain, though there is serologic evidence of H3N1 infections in the late 19th century. The virus was isolated in Queen Mary Hospital.
In the 1968 pandemic vaccine became available one month after the outbreaks peaked in the US.
Both the H2N2 and H3N2 pandemic flu strains contained genes from avian influenza viruses. The new subtypes arose in pigs coinfected with avian and human viruses and were soon transferred to humans. Swine were considered the original "intermediate host" for influenza, because they supported reassortment of divergent subtypes. However, other hosts appear capable of similar coinfection (e.g., many poultry species), and direct transmission of avian viruses to humans is possible. H1N1 may have been transmitted directly from birds to humans (Belshe 2005).[9]
The Hong Kong flu strain shared internal genes and the neuraminidase with the 1957 Asian Flu (H2N2). Accumulated antibodies to the neuraminidase or internal proteins may have resulted in much fewer casualties than most pandemics. However, cross-immunity within and between subtypes of influenza is poorly understood.
"Three strains of Hong Kong influenza virus isolated from humans were compared with a strain isolated from a calf for their ability to cause disease in calves. One of the human strains. A/Aichi/2/68, was detected for five days in a calf, but all three failed to cause signs of disease. Strain A/cal/Duschanbe/55/71 could be detected for seven days and caused an influenza-like illness in calves."[10]
See also[edit]
- ^ Paul, William E. Fundamental Immunology. p. 1273.
- ^ "World health group issues alert Mexican president tries to isolate those with swine flu". Associated Press. 25 April 2009. Archived from the original on 27 April 2009. Retrieved 26 April 2009.
- ^ Mandel, Michael (26 April 2009). "No need to panic ... yet Ontario officials are worried swine flu could be pandemic, killing thousands". Toronto Sun. Archived from the original on 27 April 2009. Retrieved 26 April 2009.
- ^ a b c Starling, Arthur (2006). Plague, SARS, and the Story of Medicine in Hong Kong. HK University Press. p. 55. ISBN 962-209-805-3.
- ^ Jones, F. Avery (1968), "Winter Epidemics", British Medical Journal, 1968 (4): 327, doi:10.1136/bmj.4.5626.327-c, PMC 1912285.
- ^ Coleman, Marion T.; Dowdle, Walter R.; Pereira, Helio G.; Schild, Geoffrey C.; Chang, W. K. (1968), "The Hong Kong/68 Influenza A2 Variant", The Lancet, 292 (7583): 1384–1386, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(68)92683-4.
- ^ "Pandemics and Pandemic Threats since 1900". U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Archived from the original on 31 March 2009.
- ^ Pike, John. "1968 Hong Kong Flu". www.globalsecurity.org. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
- ^ Chapter Two : Avian Influenza by Timm C. Harder and Ortrud Werner Archived 2016-05-10 at the Wayback Machine from excellent free on-line Book called Influenza Report 2006 which is a medical textbook that provides a comprehensive overview of epidemic and pandemic influenza.
- ^ Campbell, Charles H.; Easterday, Bernard C.; Webster, Robert G. (1977), "Strains of Hong Kong Influenza Virus in Calves", Journal of Infectious Diseases, 135 (4): 678–680, doi:10.1093/infdis/135.4.678, PMID 853249.
External links[edit]
- Influenza Research Database – Database of influenza genomic sequences and related information.


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Heather at Tuesday's Child! Heather is bringing home little Sophia Esther from the DRC very soon. I got to meet the little cutie when I was in Kinshasa. (And I am going to try to arrange a marriage with either of my sons to her because she is a looker!) Sophia and Miles grew up in the orphanage together and traveled across the Congo together to go and stay with the same amazing foster family. See- she and Miles are meant to be...
Heather- send me your address and I'll send you your goodies! Congrats!
And thanks to SO many of you playing along. It was great to "meet" so many new friends. I am just overwhelmed with the bloggy love this week. Y'all really know how to make a girl feel appreciated!
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They Said It: Peyton Manning, other Broncos weigh in on win vs. Ravens
A roundup of quotes from Peyton Manning, coach Gary Kubiak and others following the Broncos' 19-13 victory over the Ravens.
On the defense's control of the game:
"It might be the greatest defensive football game I've ever been a part of as a coach — on both sides of the ball. It was just tremendous. It was a battle all day. Offensively, early in the game, we had a chance to make a couple big plays we didn't make. Then it was battle from then on, but (we) found a way to be at our best at the end with a huge drive. Defensively, like I said, we were at it all day long and then make the great play there at the end. That was (Darian Stewart). Just a tremendous play between he and David (Bruton Jr.) in the back end."
On his rhythm with QB Peyton Manning:
"It's got to be better than it was today. I've got to help him out better. Obviously, we've got to play better than we did offensively. Whether it's run or pass, it doesn't matter, but he kept battling and had us in the right situations there at the end of the game and made some big third downs. That's part of this league — got to keep battling — but we've always got to get better."
On why Manning was sacked more today than usual:
"I think it's a combination of things. Obviously, we can't get him hit like that. I'm thinking of three sacks right now. One was a play-action pas and one was a max protection that we busted. I want to say two of them might have been max protection. I'm thinking of three of the sacks; I don't know if there was four or not. We're in the best possible protection we can be in and we're getting sacked. I've got to go back and look at it. We're going to have to play a lot better. We as coaches have got to figure out how we can help them play better up front because we've got to protect them."


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Chevrolet C10 Brake Upgrade - Low-Buck C10 Upgrades
Swapping Out Front Drums For Discs
Although Chevrolet's popular C10 series pickup trucks are considered new by some truck enthusiasts, they are still old enough to often be equipped with drum brakes. Drum brakes may have been thought to be sufficient 40-plus-years ago, but they really leave a lot to be desired. Especially now that we are accustomed to front disc brakes (and commonly four-wheel disc brakes) on our late-model drivers. For those who may be too young to be familiar with drum brakes, they will usually stop adequately under normal conditions, however, they can quickly (slowly?) prove to be less than adequate in a panic stop situation. Additionally, they do not disperse heat as quickly as discs, so their performance tends to fade when used frequently over a short period of time. While there are disc brake upgrade kits available from a variety of aftermarket sources, some of us prefer to avoid the cash outlay that is involved with that choice of modernization and safety. We will address installing four-wheel disc brakes on Chevy C10 trucks in a few months, for this issue however, we'll address a relatively low-buck process of upgrading to front disc brakes on a '68 Chevy Stepside.
Starting in 1972, front disc brakes were standard equipment on GM light duty trucks. After all, U.S. lawmakers and auto manufacturers were especially focused on safety in the early '70s. Factory installed seatbelts had been mandatory for a few years and pickup trucks now required a "big" rear window as standard equipment. So, it made sense to add disc brakes, especially to trucks that may be carrying a heavy load.
Since many of these disc brake-equipped trucks are still around, they are a good source for spindles, rotors, calipers, and a master cylinder for a budget swap. You may need to purchase new rotors, and should plan on replacing consumable items such as bearings, seals, brake lines, and brake pads. You will also need to replace the master cylinder with one that is designed for a disc/drum combination. Even with new rotors, this swap is low-buck compared to an aftermarket kit, and provides a substantial improvement in stopping ability. Swapping to five-lug rotors also broadens the candidates for wheel choices if you are interested in doing more personalization to your vintage ride ... and who isn't?
To make this much needed upgrade to my C10, I took it to Morfab Customs. I could have probably done the work myself in my garage, but then who would take the photos? Read that as it is relatively easy if you have any mechanical skills. It will be necessary to use a ball joint press, so if you don't have one, plan to borrow, rent, or purchase one.
Photos with captions will provide the details, but the overall concept is as follows: Remove the existing wheels and tires, disconnect brake lines from each drum brake, and then remove the existing brake drums and spindles. The spindles from'72-or-newer trucks are a good source for the necessary mounting brackets for the disc brake calipers. Grease the wheel bearings and install them with the seal into each rotor, then slide the brake rotor onto the spindle and secure with the appropriate hardware. With the rotor in place, install the brake pads into the caliper and then mount the caliper with the appropriate hardware. Repeat all of this for the opposite side and then remove the brake lines from the proportioning valve (including the rear lines, even though you are not changing rear brakes). Remove the proportioning valve and existing drum/drum brake master cylinder from its mount and then install a disc/drum brake master cylinder and proportioning valve. Now reconnect front and rear brake lines to the proportioning valve and to each front caliper. Bleed the brakes, install the wheels and tires, and then have your truck aligned. When all of that is completed, you should take your truck out for a testdrive and be able to relax quite a bit more when you are behind the wheel.


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Climate Change
Ga. Tech researcher links hurricanes to global warming, attacks climate skeptics
An increasing number of scientists say there is a connection between rising ocean temperatures and stronger hurricanes, with major studies on the subject published recently in journals such as Science and Nature. In today's OnPoint, Judith Curry, a professor at Georgia Tech's School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and the co-author of a recent study, explains some of her findings. Curry also addresses criticism of her research and the heavily politicized world of climate science. Plus, she claims that a recent hearing on global warming chaired by Sen. James Inhofe (R-Okla.) excluded key members of the scientific community.


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Jennifer and the rest of her "groovy" staff at AvantGarb have been a pleasure to work with over the years. The quality, and service that goes with it can't be matched in the industry. Much love from Grand Rapids!
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If you want your mascot to come to life – only go with the best mascot creators in the business – Avant Garb!
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Today's sports marketers realize that a strategically designed and integrated mascot (a true character brand) is more than a diversion during lulls in a game, an attraction in itself. Most colleges and professional teams have adopted costumed mascots to patrol the stands and make community appearances.
We will walk you through the process from the top of the head to the bottom of the mascot shoes. From the germ of an idea to design to completed mascot.


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The Tornado Tower, aptly named for its 'spiral' design, offers stunning views of the city and the Corniche. This premium tower is equipped with the latest security systems, 16 high speed elevators, a gym on the 27th floor and a café and fine dining restaurant on the 28th floor.
Located on the 22nd floor, our offices in Tornado Tower provide spectacular 360 degree views over the city and sea. A number of 5 star hotels such as the Sheraton, Marriott, W. Hotel and a few shopping malls are only a short stroll away.
20 minutes by car from the Doha International Airport.
Within 5 minutes walking distance:
Recommended lunch places:
Ipanema ( Brazilian Grill)
(+974) 4419 6100
Open Mon-Sat 6:30 pm – 11:00 pm
La Veranda (Italian restaurant)
(+974) 4485 4444
Open 12:00 pm – 3:00 pm and from 7:00 pm – 11:30 pm
Gordon Ramsay (Contemporary European)
(+974) 4446 0105
Open daily 6:00 pm – 11:00 pm


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West End Restaurant & Sand Bar (Sea Isle)
Benefiting Texana Children's Center for Autism
Auction, Drawings, Live Music, Live Weigh-In!
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Nerdfighters – the North American release for The Fault in Our Stars film is a month away and Fox has been busy with promotion. Entertainment Weekly's recent edition of the magazine has a major feature covering the film and some beautiful portraits of Shailene Woodley and Ansel Elgort were released along with it.
EW also exclusively released five new stills from the film that give us a closer look at the beginning of Hazel and Gus' relationship. their romantic evening in Amsterdam, and Hazel's relationship with her dad. Plus, we also get a closer look at two very emotional scenes involving a certain funeral (those of you who read the book know what we mean):
What do you think of these new stills? Are you excited to see The Fault in Our Stars movie when it finally hits theaters on June 6?
Sources: Entertainment Weekly and Page to Premiere


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Vintage Flyer / Poster 3Promote any kind of music event. Gig, Concert, Festival, Party or weekly event in a music club and other kind of special evenings. Help File included.
- 1 psd File
- Print Ready
- A4 29,7×21 CM + bleed
- 300 dpi
- Well Organized Layers
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- Help File
Fonts Used
Open Sans – http://www.fontsquirrel.com/fonts/open-sans
League Gothic – http://www.fontsquirrel.com/fonts/League-Gothic
Airstream – http://www.fontsquirrel.com/fonts/Airstream
SF Movie Posters – http://www.dafont.com/sf-movie-poster.font
Social Logos – http://www.dafont.com/social-logos.font
Photos in preview are NOT included. They're only for illustration purpose. You can quickly replace the default image with the photo you want!