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Looking to discover more about your favourite audio company or for translations of technical, headphone related jargon?
Find out in our helpful FAQs, collected from years of interaction with our customers and answered by our audio experts. Use our helpful jump to section above to quickly find the relevant topic for your query. If your question isn't answered below, please contact our customer care team for a direct response.
We are an independent British audio company. Engineering products that transform the way people interact with sound, technology and each other. We believe in providing value and quality without compromise, which is why we offer an industry-leading 3 year warranty with all of our headphones.
RHA was founded in 2011, in Glasgow, UK. For more about RHA then please visit our Inside RHA section.
The RHA head office is located in the west end of Glasgow, UK.
To take advantage of free delivery you can purchase directly from the RHA website in many countries, check out our latest headphones. You can also see our complete list of authorised retailers for stores near you.
Since our founding we have become in-ear headphone specialists; focusing on ensuring our products are both innovative and of the highest possible quality. As we grow we hope to carry those values into other product ranges.
To hear about our new product launches first, sign up to our Newsletter.
Our newsletter notifies you of everything new at RHA including upcoming new product releases, as well as weekly original content such as Spotify playlists and interviews. For a taste of the exciting content contained in our newsletter please see our blog and the RHA Spotify.
If you wish to leave feedback on your experience with RHA then please see our TrustPilot page, for UK and US customers. Alternatively tag us in your feedback on social media. See our social media links at the bottom of the page.
If you are a UK or US customer and purchased directly from our website we will send you an email inviting you to leave a product review on Trustpilot. If you purchased via Amazon then please feel free to leave a review there. Alternatively you can review your product on our Facebook page.
If your question isn't answered by our FAQs then please use our live chat for quick advice or help choosing a suitable RHA product. If our live chat is unavailable or you have a warranty issue then please use our customer support contact form.
To enquire about a career at RHA please send us an email via our general enquiries contact form.
The correct ear tip fit should be both comfortable and noise isolating. A good noise isolating fit should reduce the sound of background, ambient noise, for example traffic, by a significant amount. Noise isolation is achieved by sealing your ear canal with the ear tip. Some ear tips cover the outside of the ear canal such as our dual density ear tips, whilst others fit into the ear canal like our double flange ear tips.
To read more about the importance of a good noise isolating fit and the differences between noise isolation and active noise cancelling (ANC) please read the 'Audio & Technology' section of this FAQ page.
Our ear tips are designed to fit securely on the headphones to avoid them falling off and will naturally loosen over time. The simplest way to fit the earbuds is to roll them in your hands for a few seconds to heat them up and allow the silicone to expand slightly. Hold the ear tip between your thumb and index finger, pinching the ear tip slightly and then apply the sound pipe of the earphone at a slight angle. Then apply gentle pressure to the ear tip, towards the sound pipe, as you straighten up the earphone.
Comply Foam develop military standard, memory foam ear tips which offer superior noise isolation to silicone ear tips due to their increased thickness. The softer memory foam also expands to provide a more comfortable fit.
All of our headphones are playback compatible with devices utilising a 3.5mm socket. In most cases the microphone will remain compatible with all devices utilising TRRS & CTIA jack configurations. However as the internal chip used to communicate with your device is supplied by Apple, we are unable to guarantee compatibility with other manufacturers' devices.
If you are looking for a product with full Android compatibility, check out our MA650 for Android or any of our >wireless headphones.
By utilising a one-button remote and microphone combination we avoid the requirement for a manufacturer specific chip and instead simply use universal functions. The remote functions are listed below:
These universal functions are possible with any mobile device using a standard CTIA, TRRS jack configuration. Nearly all modern mobile devices, with jack plugs, use these configurations such as the iPhone 6, Samsung Galaxy S6 and Google Pixel.
Yes, all of our headphones include clothing or sports clips to help secure the cable during active use and our wireless earphones are sweatproof and splash-resistant for added sports durability
DualCoil drivers are RHA's trademarked driver technology which features two independent voice coils, each responsible for producing part of the frequency range. With a lower workload on each coil than a standard single coil driver there is greater room for detailed audio reproduction.
The crossover occurs at 2.2kHz which means one voice coil is responsible for bass and lower-mid frequencies whilst the other is responsible for upper-mids and treble frequencies. To read more in depth information about our DualCoil drivers please see our blog post.
Tuning filters allow you to adjust the sound signature of our T Series products to suit your taste by changing the filter covering the sound pipe. Each filter has a different effect on the sound produced and also protects the housing from debris and dirt.
Reference filters maintain the naturally balanced sound signature of the T20 for true sound reproduction. Bass filters boost frequencies below 200 Hz, and treble filters boost those above 1kHz, both by up to 3dB.
You can purchase replacement tuning filters directly from our website.
Aerophonic is a trademarked RHA term that describes our signature housing design used in MA Series products. The design reflects that of an inverted trumpet and achieves unrivalled clarity by avoiding any obstructions between the drivers and the listeners ear.
You can read more about our Aerophonic design in our blog post.
Of course! Please contact our customer support team using the contact form and they will arrange to send you a complimentary set. These are self-adhesive for simple fitting.
Please see our Bluetooth help page or our downloadable user manuals for wireless pairing instructions.
Resetting your headphones will erase all memorised devices from your MA Wireless in-ear headphones, each device will require pairing again.
To reset the headphones, turn on the headphone, then simultaneously hold the power, volume up and volume down buttons down for 10 seconds.
To re-pair to a source device, it is recommend to first 'forget' the headphone in the device Bluetooth settings.
All of our wireless products will provide over 1 hour of audio from 15 mins charging time. For product specific charging times please see below.
To pair your wireless headphones using NFC please ensure your mobile device features NFC technology and follow the steps on our wireless help page.
For more instructions including pairing via Bluetooth, please see our downloadable user manuals.
Yes, all devices using Bluetooth technology communicate with our wireless headphones in the same "language" and therefore are universally compatible, including volume control and microphone functionality.
Our MA Wireless in-ear headphones and the wireless neckband of the CL2 Planar use Bluetooth 4.2. The TrueConnect earbuds use Bluetooth 5.
An in-ear headphone is similar in size and portability to an earphone however they utilise ear tips which fit within your ear canal. This provides superior noise isolation and sound quality to a standard earphone design.
The headphone frequency range is the minimum and maximum frequencies produced by the speaker within that particular headphone. The human hearing range varies greatly, but falls within 20 Hz to 20,000Hz. Hi-res audio rises beyond 40,000+ Hz.
Headphone sensitivity is the relationship between power supplied to the driver and the output volume. A headphone with 90dB sensitivity will play music at a louder volume at 50% output from your playback device than headphones with a 70dB sensitivity at the same output percentage.
If your headphones have a suitable impedance for the device they are used with then the volume control on your device should be able to adequately provide desired volume levels regardless of headphone sensitivity.
Impedance relates to the resistance of the headphone driver to the power supplied by the playback device. The higher the impedance, the more power is required to power the headphone.
Headphones with impedance of below 50 ohms can easily be played by all mobiles, PCs etc. Headphones between 50 ohms and 200 ohms will still be playable by most modern mobiles and PCs but may not reach their full potential. Headphones above 200 ohms require more powerful input devices to power them, such as headphone amps and certain high powered mobile phones.
Noise isolation is the passive reduction of ambient noise achieved by physically blocking out background noise. For in-ear headphones the fit of the ear tip is crucial to the amount of noise isolation achieved.
The reduction of ambient or background noise is incredibly important to sound quality due to auditory masking. Auditory masking occurs when our ears hear two sounds at similar frequencies, and - particularly with bass frequencies - the louder sound will mask the quieter one. This is why we struggle to hear conversation over loud music or industrial equipment.
Reducing the volume of this background noise reduces the masking of your music and the need to increase your music's volume.
Noise isolation passively reduces ambient noise by creating a clear path between the headphone and the ear canal whilst physically blocking all external noise. The quality of the isolation relies upon the fit of the ear tips.
Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) uses microphones to capture ambient noise and then adds the opposite noise to the audio played by the headphones. This has the perceived effect of 'cancelling out' the background noise, similar to math: -1 + 1 = 0
HiFi or high-fidelity audio is a term used to describe high-quality sound reproduction, it has no measurable criteria however usually HiFi audio is balanced, flat sound with little or no distortion. The term is used most frequently by audiophiles and experts to distinguish high-quality audio from low-quality.
Although there is no universal standard criteria for high resolution audio, the common definition refers to audio with a greater or equal frequency range than CD quality. Hi-Res music features less file compression meaning less loss of sound. Many of our earphones are Hi-Res certified by the Japan Audio Society.
Reference audio or sound is a term used to describe audio which replicates the original recording as closely as possible. A flat or balanced frequency response is key to producing this sound in order to reproduce the sound as the music artist intended with minimal tuning.
Audiophiles are individuals who are enthusiastic about high fidelity audio. Audiophiles pride themselves on technical knowledge of audio reproduction and the products within the market. Audiophiles may or may not also be musicphiles but their passion for audio is undoubtable.
Developed by Qualcomm®, aptX™ audio is a method of compressing files for transmission via Bluetooth developed specifically for audio.
This allows high-quality audio files be sent more easily within the limits of Bluetooth's bandwidth with no perceptible drop in quality.
AAC is a codec designed to effectively transmit audio, similar to aptX however it is most commonly used by Apple products.
A DAC or Digital to Analogue Converter's function is to convert digital information into analogue audio signals for speakers and amplifiers. The more efficient and diligent the conversion process, the greater the sound quality provided to your amp or speakers.
Many playback devices such as laptops and mobile phones still contain relatively poor quality DACs and amplifiers due to cost or space constraints. Therefore they may not be able to play your music to a satisfactory quality or volume level and you require an external amplifier.
When paired with a DAC, a headphone amplifier provides far superior audio output than the default components within most standard playback devices.
Oxygen Free Copper cables contain less than 0.001% oxygen due to their electrolytic refinement manufacturing process. This lack of oxygen produces greater conductivity, audio purity and longevity.
Balanced cables feature a complex design which eliminates the small amount of distortion present in unbalanced audio cables for absolute sonic precision. The ground wires within unbalanced cables have a slight antenna effect which produces small amounts of distortion.
To negate this balanced cables send the original audio signal to one wire and an exact inverted copy of that signal to the other (positive and negative signals). Both of these signals travel independently to their destination and experience the same distortion effects. The inverted signal is then reversed back to its original state. As the distortion from one of the cables is now reversed, each cables distortion effect will be equally opposite from the other. Thus, once the two signals from each wire are combined again, the distortion will cancel itself out and only the original sound signal will remain.
Apple remotes feature certified processing chips provided by Apple. These chips communicate your commands directly with your device, Apple products speak their own unique 'language', therefore are not compatible with other manufacturer's devices such as Android.
To check which countries we ship to, select the country tab located at the bottom right of your page. This will display all of our regional websites; those with a shopping bag logo are eligible for online purchase on our site.
Yes! Shipping is free for all headphones or orders above £19.95. Orders utilising free shipping are sent via Royal Mail First Class delivery in the UK and Europe.
RHA uses both Royal Mail and UPS courier services. Royal Mail is used for our free shipping services and we offer UPS express as a paid shipping method.
Please note that Royal Mail use international partners to ship products globally and tracking may be affected by these 3rd party services.
Royal Mail First Class mail aims to deliver 93% of their UK packages the next working day, for international shipments they usually arrive with 3-5 working days.
UPS express is a tracked and secured service. Packages are delivered the next working day in the UK and most international countries however some countries may be 2 working days.
We offer a full 30-day refund policy on used or unused products. If you wish to request a refund please use our customer contact form.
Unfortunately we don't offer a part-exchange or trade-in service for functioning or broken products. However if you purchase is within the 30-day refund period we would be happy to assist you in returning your purchase so that you can buy another model.
Klarna 'Buy Now, Pay Later' is a third-party payment process that allows you to securely purchase a product and delay payment by up to 14 days.
Amazon Pay is a payment platform that uses the shipping and payment details associated with your Amazon account to quickly and securely complete the checkout process.
Stripe is a payment platform used by RHA to receive card payments. It is secure, tokenised and accredited.


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They have good music. The people (generally) are pretty nice. The food is...frightening but surprisingly tasty (lookin at you, poutine). And they have a huge-ass tower with my initials. Sure, they speak French or whatever, but hey, no country is perfect.
So how to explain all the players dropping like a mountie confronted with true actual crime?
Kim retired while up a set in her match against Zheng Jie, suffering from an ab tear. Domi retired in the third set against Benesova, still suffering from the ab injury she sustained in Stanford. Snot Rocket called it a day after two games against Bojangles with a right shoulder injury.
Meanwhile, some of the players who actually were fit to play just weren't...fit to play. Mono crashed out to Voskoboeva, Sveta rusted it up in losing to Halep, Pavs went on a snack break against MGMT, Wicky goes down to Vinci, and then there's a JJ thing that's not a surprise at all unless you are the type of person for whom a sunrise is a surprise.
The boys haven't been quite as ridiculous. Then again most of their OOP got rained out today so it's just a matter of time. In addition to Andy booking an early flight to Cincy, we can pile, Gilles, Nalby, and Misha to the set. That's a whole lot of inconsistency on one plane.
Oh, and what's up with Team Berdych/Mayer? They bounced Rafa/Marc yesterday and Bhupati/Paes today. Weirds.
But before we get all crazy, Serena is still doing her best to bring order to chaos. She dropped a 60 63 on A-Bond in 46 minutes.
Can we dispatch her to London? Pretty sure she could chill them muthafuckas out.
(Pics: Getty)

subset: commoncrawl


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Truth-O-Meter travels back in time
AJC PolitiFact Georgia went back in history last week on its search for the truth. Way back.
Like a century ago -- the dawn of our nation's dependence on fossil fuel. That's when wooden pipelines were used to transport natural gas. We found out whether they're still in use today.
And two decades ago, when Georgians debated whether to institute the lottery that now funds the popular HOPE Scholarship for college-bound high schoolers. Did former Gov. Roy Barnes, who's trying to reclaim his seat, oppose the scholarship?
The Truth-O-Meter's other jaunts into the past had to do with more recent history. Think five years ago, when the state argued over whether to toughen its voter ID laws. Or the turn of the millennium, when Barnes, a Democrat, was governor. Republicans claimed he was weak on education and jobs back then.
It's also when a DeKalb County school board member said she started handing over to the county what totaled $30,000 in unused travel money. Did she?
This is how we ruled.


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|Manchester, England
|High School:
|Millfield School
|House Affiliation:
Sophomore • 2012 •
Named second team All-Ivy ... Played in all 16 games ... Led the team in shots (47) and shots on goal (27) ... Recorded an assist in Harvard's 1-0 season opening win against Holy Cross (Sept. 1) ... Had a nifty back pass to Caroline McNeill that led to the Crimson's only goal in a 2-1 (2 OT) loss to Sacred Heart (Sept. 3) ... Contributed her third assist of the season on a Noel Painter goal vs. Yale (Sept. 15) ... Picked up an assist at Penn (Sept. 22) ... Scored her first goal of the year Sept. 25 to tie the score at 1-1 against Bryant in an eventual 4-1 victory ... Tallied two shots on goal in a 1-0 win over Brown (Sept. 29).
Freshman • 2011 • Stats
Scored her first collegiate goal and logged two assists in 3-2 overtime win against Colgate (Oct. 23) ... Recorded first career point with assist to Noel Painter in 4-1 win against Penn (Sept. 24) ... Made Harvard debut in season-opening 4-0 win at Holy Cross (Sept. 2).
Before Harvard
Attended Millfield School and played field hockey for the Bowdon Hockey Club and various national, regional and county teams … Member of the England Under-16 squad during the 2008-09 season, making her international debut against Ireland in Dublin in June 2009 … Won English indoor hockey title and English outdoor cup as part of the Bowdon ladies senior team in 2010-11 … Captained the Greater Manchester County U18 Team in 2010, the Bowdon U18 squad in '08 and Altrincham Grammar School for Girls teams in '05 and '08 … Named Altrincham's Field Hockey Player of the Year in 2008 and its most promising athlete in any sport in '06 … Helped teams win county national championship in 2010 and both outdoor and indoor school girls national championships in '10 and '11.
Brother, Christopher, has played for U21 England and USA as a goalkeeper.


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For the HYPE competition. Cover by the wonderful TheTravelli...
See Me1592545
- by Swantiquity Vaircome
- Rating:
- Published: 4 Nov 2014
- Updated: 5 Nov 2014
- Status: In Progress
My NaNo entry. I don't usually do trigger warnings, but this contains graphic violence and is really disturbing. Note: NaNo is still going on so anything in here could change at any point, sorry. © 2014 Antiquity Vaircome
Join MovellasFind out what all the buzz is about. Join now to start sharing your creativity and passion
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ANTI-WHALING group Sea Shepherd says Japanese whalers have harpooned a large minke in Australian Antarctic waters.
The group says the Yushin Maru No 2 harpooned the whale shortly before 6pm (AEDT) inside Australia's Antarctic Territory, some 92 kilometres from Australia's Davis research station.
The Sea Shepherd's SSS Bob Barker has positioned itself between the whale and the mothership Nisshin Maru.
"The Yushin Maru No 2 has made nine unsuccessful attempts to transfer the dead whale, coming as close as 10 metres to the Bob Barker," the Sea Shepherd said in a statement.
"The Bob Barker has not moved."
Activists in small boats are protecting the anti-whaling ship against possible attempts to damage the vessel's propeller with long lines.
The group fears that once the minke is transferred to the whale factory ship, the Yushin Maru No 2 will move on to kill more whales.
Japan and some other countries do not accept Australia's claim over Australian Antarctic waters.
Opposition environment spokesman Greg Hunt told AAP late yesterday that the government had "turned a deliberate blind eye", despite receiving multiple warnings about the possibility of a confrontation between the Japanese fleet and activists.
"Allegations that a whale has been slaughtered in Australian waters are deeply disturbing," he said.
"We are against whaling anywhere but if the Australian government is unable to protect our waters, that is a double blow."
The coalition has pledged to send a Customs vessel to monitor next year's hunt if it wins the September election.
Environment Minister Tony Burke has been approached for comment.
The confrontation comes the same day the US Supreme Court upheld an injunction ordering Sea Shepherd to keep away from Japanese whaling ships in the Southern Ocean.
Sea Shepherd appealed to the court to lift the injunction, issued in December, which bans the group and its former head Paul Watson from attacking or endangering the whaling ships.
The injunction was sought by the Institute of Cetacean Research which undertakes the Japanese government's whaling program through a loophole in International Whaling Commission rules that allows whales to be killed for research.
Originally published asJapanese whalers in Aussie waters - Sea Shepherd


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Welcome to Camber Garage Doors – The only name you need for automated garage doors in Hampshire, Surrey and the surrounding areas!
Here at Camber Garage Doors we specialise in supplying and fitting a variety of high quality automated garage doors throughout Surrey, Hampshire & further afield. Our high quality range of electric garage doors includes canopy, retractable, sectional, side-hinged and roller garage doors so you're sure to find the right door for your needs.
Retractable and canopy garage doors work especially well with automated electric opening as the door is lifted with springs which makes for a smooth opening and closing action. Sectional and roller garage doors are ideal for people with smaller garages and minimal space. They're also better suited to garages in areas that are prone to extreme weather conditions like strong winds and heavy snow as they open without an outswing.
What's Your Garage Used For?
When thinking about your new garage door it's important to consider what the garage is used for and how much insulation you'll require. Insulated garage doors can help to keep the temperature within your garage comfortable as well as having a positive effect on any adjoining rooms in your home. A well insulated garage will help you to keep your overall heating costs down.
Here at Camber Garage Doors we are proud of our high standard of workmanship and hassle free garage door installation. Our professional and knowledgeable team will ensure that you get the right garage door for your needs; your satisfaction is our priority.
If you require any further information or would like to discuss your garage door needs with us then please don't hesitate to contact us and we'll be more than happy to help.


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Dancing With the Stars Tom Bergeron Will Join "Golden Sisters" For Year-end Countdown
According to Today, Tom Bergeron will help the "Golden Sisters" reflect on their best moments this past year in a tv special which will air Friday, Dec. 27 at 10 p.m. ET on OWN. Here is some more info and thanks to Lori for sending. This is sure to be a hoot!
It's been a year packed with amusements, shockers and a whole lot of twerking, and now the gals from the "Golden Sisters" are ready to put their unique spin on all of it in their first year-end special.
"Golden Sisters 2013 Countdown: Best Pop Culture Moments" will see Mary Bartnicki, Josie Cavaluzzi and Teresa Dahlquist joined by host Tom Bergeron ("Dancing With the Stars," "America's Funniest Home Videos") and a special celebrity guest for night of sassy reflection, TODAY is revealing.
The ladies will offer "irreverent reflections on the newsmakers that made headlines" as only they can.
Visit NBCNews.com for breaking news, world news, and news about the economy


text: Left Navigation Contact Data Management Data Quality Management Analysts and Senior Quality Data Analysts are the frontline support for any data submission, error correction or data issues. They can help insurance companies:Ensure timely, accurate and complete reporting of dataCo-ordinate test submissionsConduct data analysisConsult on data improvementsImprove the data submission processInterpret edit rule documentationConduct user trainingReview submitted data to detect accuracy problems and anomalies andHelp companies correct previously submitted data using the historical data correction mechanism.For assistance with data management or submissions under the Automobile or Commercial Liability statistical plans, contact one of the Data Quality Analysts below at 416-445-5912 or 1-800-761-6703, or fax 416-644-3138. Extension Email Data Quality AnalystBeverly firstname.lastname@example.com firstname.lastname@example.com firstname.lastname@example.com email@example.com Patrick email@example.com Senior Data Quality Analyst Betty email@example.com email@example.com firstname.lastname@example.com Khatai firstname.lastname@example.com firstname.lastname@example.com, Data QualityMichele firstname.lastname@example.com, Industry Data Education Services Lynn email@example.com The Data Quality Analysts – Financial Information are responsible for the collection and analysis of Financial Information (FI). Please send all FI inquires to firstname.lastname@example.com. The Industry Data Analyst group are the back-end support for special projects and analysis. They assist the Data Quality Analysts with any ad hoc requests.Extension EmailData Quality Analyst – Financial InformationMichelle email@example.com Sean email@example.com Senior Industry Data Analyst Yong Seok email@example.com email@example.com Manager, Industry Data Analysis Gina firstname.lastname@example.com you have questions or comments about the Data Management team, contact Bruce Johnston, Director, Data Management & Exhibit Production Services at 416-445-5912 ext. 2248 or firstname.lastname@example.com. Useful LinksContact UsIBC has consumer information centres in each of its regional offices to address your specific questions. If IBC's information officers do not know the answers to your questions, they will direct you to someone who does.Media ReleasesRead some of our recent news releases. Each year, IBC responds to more than 700 requests from the media for information and interviews. IBC works to increase Canadians' understanding of the home, auto and business insurance industry.EventsIBC events give IBC – and our industry – an opportunity to share expertise and insights about national and regional insurance imperatives that affect the lives of Canadians. Learn more about upcoming events across Canada.


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By Marlena De Lacroix a.k.a. Connie Passalacqua Hayman
Although I am decades older than the target audience, I enjoyed the first four episodes of the new Hollywood Heights. It's the new teen soap on Nick at Nite, created, written, produced and acted by several daytime veterans. What I really admire about this show is that it has good soap bones.
Hollywood Heights is a multi-generation show based on relationships, not on the shock and schlock plots we are so used to in daytime. The kids and their parents actually seem to care about and even love one another, as daytime characters did in days of old. Brittany Underwood (ex-Langston, One Life to Live) stars as high school senior and young aspiring songwriter Loren, who, along with her close friend Melissa (Ashley Holliday), really digs rock star Eddie Duran (Cody Longo), a very cute nice guy who comes to town to do a concert, and later sponsors a song-writing contest. We meet Loren's mom, Nora (Jama Williamson), Melissa's family and Cody's girlfriend, bad girl Chloe (Melissa Ordway) as they prepare for the big event. The hour long daily show has [Read more…]


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Cancer or its treatment can affect your emotions and the way you feel about yourself sexually.
Find information, articles and activities relevant to you.
If you're struggling to find what you need, call our Support line on 0808 808 0000 (7 days a week, 8am-8pm)More ways to contact us
Your sexuality and sex life may be affected by cancer treatment. Whether you're single or have a partner, we have advice for you.
Sexual therapist Isabel White discusses some common sexual problems for younger and older people affected by cancer.
Sexual therapist Isabel White discusses some common sexual problems for younger and older people affected by cancer.
Cancer or its treatment can affect your emotions and the way you feel about yourself sexually.
It's normal for cancer to affect how you feel about sex. There are things that can help.
Changes in your relationships can have an impact on your sexuality.
You may have questions about how having cancer may affect your sex life.
Going through cancer can make relationships stronger, or cause extra strain. We have a range of booklets and advice that could help.
Worrying about cancer can have a big impact on your feelings. Read our advice to help you cope with your emotions.
We all need support. Have a look at our volunteering opportunities to see if you could help.
What's happening near you? Find out about support groups, where to get information and how to get involved with Macmillan where you are.
Read about ways in which our Community users managed their emotions following their diagnosis. They talk about yoga, meditation and counselling.
Cancer can be emotionally draining, but sharing your feelings can help you and others in your situation. Talk about it here.
We rely on a number of sources to gather evidence for our information. If you'd like further information on the sources we use, please feel free to contact us on: email@example.com
All our information is reviewed by cancer or other relevant professionals to ensure that it's accurate and reflects the best evidence available. We thank all those people who have provided expert review for the information on this page.
Our information is also reviewed by people affected by cancer to ensure it is as relevant and accessible as possible. Thank you to all those people who reviewed what you're reading and have helped our information to develop.
You could help us too when you join our Cancer Voices Network – find out more at: http://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancervoices
Need to talk? Call us free* 0808 808 00 00 7 days a week, 8am-8pm
© Macmillan Cancer Support, registered charity in England and Wales (261017), Scotland (SC039907) and the Isle of Man (604). Also operating in Northern Ireland. A company limited by guarantee, registered in England and Wales company number 2400969. Isle of Man company number 4694F. Registered office: 89 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7UQ. VAT no: 668265007
We make every effort to ensure that the information we provide is accurate and up-to-date but it should not be relied upon as a substitute for specialist professional advice tailored to your situation. So far as is permitted by law, Macmillan does not accept liability in relation to the use of any information contained in this publication or third party information or websites included or referred to in it.


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The mysqladmin and mysqldump clients now have
--plugin-diroptions for specifying which authentication plugin and plugin directory to use. (Bug #58139, Bug #11765201)
sql_priv.hnow includes an
OPTION_ALLOW_BATCHflag for the
transaction_allow_batchingfeature of MySQL NDB Cluster. (Bug #57604)
Boolean system variables can be enabled at run time by setting them to the value
OFF, but previously this did not work at server startup. Now at startup such variables can be enabled by setting them to
TRUE. Any other nonnumeric value is interpreted as
OFF. (Bug #46393 improves on this such that
OFF, and
FALSEare recognized, and other values are invalid.) (Bug #51631, Bug #11759326)
References: See also: Bug #46393, Bug #11754743.
In the audit plugin interface, the
MYSQL_AUDIT_CONNECTION_CLASSevent class was added, and the
MYSQL_AUDIT_GENERAL_STATUSsubclass was added to the
MYSQL_AUDIT_GENERAL_CLASSevent class. The new symbol definitions can be found in the
plugin_audit.hheader file.
Security Fix: A security bug was fixed. (Bug #57952)
Incompatible Change: When
auto_increment_incrementis greater than one, values generated by a bulk insert that reaches the maximum column value could wrap around rather producing an overflow error.
As a consequence of the fix, it is no longer possible for an auto-generated value to be equal to the maximum
BIGINT UNSIGNEDvalue. It is still possible to store that value manually, if the column can accept it. (Bug #39828, Bug #11749800)
Important Change; Partitioning: Date and time functions used as partitioning functions now have the types of their operands checked; use of a value of the wrong type is now disallowed in such cases. In addition,
EXTRACT(WEEK FROM, where
col_nameis a
DATETIMEcolumn, is now disallowed altogether because its return value depends on the value of the
default_week_formatsystem variable. (Bug #54483, Bug #11761948)
References: See also: Bug #57071, Bug #11764255.
Performance; InnoDB: An
UPDATEstatement for an
InnoDBtable could be slower than necessary if it changed a column covered by a prefix index, but did not change the prefix portion of the value. The fix improves performance for InnoDB 1.1 in MySQL 5.5 and higher, and the InnoDB Plugin for MySQL 5.1. (Bug #58912, Bug #11765900)
Performance; InnoDB: Synchronization inside InnoDB frequently involves the use of spin loops: while waiting, InnoDB executes a tight loop of instructions repeatedly to avoid having the InnoDB process and threads be rescheduled by the operating system. If the spin loops are executed too quickly, system resources are wasted, imposing a performance penalty on transaction throughput. Most modern processors implement the
PAUSEinstruction for use in spin loops, so the processor can be more efficient.
InnoDB now uses the
PAUSEinstruction in its spin loops on all platforms where such an instruction is available. Previously,
InnoDBused the
PAUSEinstruction only on Windows systems. Use of the
PAUSEinstruction increases overall performance with CPU-bound workloads, and provides the added benefit of minimizing power consumption during the execution of the spin loops. (Bug #58666)
Performance: Queries involving
InnoDBtables in the
KEY_COLUMN_USAGE, or
REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTSwere slower than necessary because statistics were rechecked more often than required, even more so when many foreign keys were present. The improvement to this may be of particular benefit to users of MySQL Enterprise Monitor with many monitored servers or tens of thousands of tables. (Bug #43818, Bug #11752585)
InnoDB; Partitioning: The partitioning handler did not pass locking information to a table's storage engine handler. This caused high contention and thus slower performance when working with partitioned
InnoDBtables. (Bug #59013)
InnoDB: The presence of a double quotation mark inside the
COMMENTfield for a column could prevent a foreign key constraint from being created properly. (Bug #59197, Bug #11766154)
InnoDB: When multiple
InnoDBbuffer pools were enabled,
SHOW ENGINE INNODBstatements displayed information about each one, but not summary information combining statistics for the entire buffer pool subsystem. Now, the aggregated information is displayed in the
BUFFER POOL AND MEMORYsection, and information about individual buffer pool instances is displayed in a new
INDIVIDUAL BUFFER POOL INFOsection. (Bug #58461)
InnoDB: The command to create a debug build (
cmake -DWITH_DEBUG ...) now automatically sets the
InnoDBdebugging flag
UNIV_DEBUGon all platforms. Formerly, the
UNIV_DEBUGflag might not be set for Windows platforms with Visual Studio and not on OS X with Xcode. (Bug #58279)
InnoDB: In
InnoDBstatus output, the value for
I/O sum[]could be incorrect, displayed as a very large number. (Bug #57600)
InnoDB: The server could crash with an assertion error, if a stored procedure, stored function, or trigger modified one
InnoDBtable containing an auto-increment column, and dropped another
InnoDBtable containing an auto-increment column. (Bug #56228)
InnoDB: It was not possible to query the
information_schema.INNODB_TRXtable while other connections were running queries involving
BLOBtypes. (Bug #55397, Bug #11762763)
InnoDB: When the
lower_case_table_namesvariable was set to 2,
InnoDBcould fail to restore a
mysqldumpdump of a table with foreign key constraints involving case-sensitive names. (Bug #55222)
InnoDB: The
OPTIMIZE TABLEstatement reset the auto-increment counter for an
InnoDBtable. Now the auto-increment value is preserved across this operation. (Bug #18274)
Partitioning: Failed
ALTER TABLE ... TRUNCATE PARTITIONstatements were written to the binary log. (Bug #58147)
Partitioning: Failed
ALTER TABLE ... PARTITIONstatements could cause memory leaks. (Bug #56380, Bug #11763641)
References: See also: Bug #46949, Bug #11755209, Bug #56996, Bug #11764187.
Replication: While an
INSERT DELAYEDstatement with a single inserted value does not return any visible warnings, such a warning could be still written into the error log. (Bug #57666, Bug #11764793)
References: See also: Bug #49567.
Replication: When closing a session that used temporary tables, binary logging could sometimes fail with a spurious Failed to write the DROP statement for temporary tables to binary log. (Bug #57288)
Replication: Due to changes made in MySQL 5.5.3, settings made in the
max_binlog_cache_sizeserver system variables affected both the binary log statement cache (also introduced in that version) and the binary log transactional cache (formerly known simply as the binary log cache). This meant that the resources used as a result of setting either or both of these variables were double the amount expected. To rectify this problem, these variables now affect only the transactional cache. The fix for this issue also introduces two new system variables
max_binlog_stmt_cache_size, which affect only the binary log statement cache.
In addition, the
Binlog_cache_usestatus variable was incremented whenever either cache was used, and
Binlog_cache_disk_usewas incremented whenever the disk space from either cache was used, which caused problems with performance tuning of the statement and transactional caches, because it was not possible to determine which of these was being exceeded when attempting to troubleshoot excessive disk seeks and related problems. This issue is solved by changing the behavior of these two status variables such that they are incremented only in response to usage of the binary log transactional cache, as well as by introducing two new status variables
Binlog_stmt_cache_disk_use, which are incremented only by usage of the binary log statement cache.
The behavior of the
max_binlog_cache_sizesystem variable with regard to active sessions has also been changed to match that of the
binlog_cache_sizesystem variable: Previously, a change in
max_binlog_cache_sizetook effect in existing sessions; now, as with a change in
binlog_cache_size, a change in
max_binlog_cache_sizetakes effect only in sessions begun after the value was changed.
For more information, see System Variables Used with Binary Logging, and Server Status Variables. (Bug #57275, Bug #11764443)
Replication: By default, a value is generated for an
AUTO_INCREMENTcolumn by inserting either
NULLor 0 into the column. Setting the
NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZEROserver SQL mode suppresses this behavior for 0, so that it occurs only when
NULLis inserted into the column.
This behavior is also followed on a replication slave (by the slave SQL thread) when applying events that have been logged on the master using the statement-based format. However, when applying events that had been logged using the row-based format,
NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZEROwas ignored, which could lead to an assertion.
To fix this issue, the value of an
AUTO_INCREMENTcolumn is no longer generated when applying an event that was logged using the row-based row format, as this value is already contained in the changes applied on the slave. (Bug #56662)
Replication: The
Binlog_cache_disk_use statusvariables were incremented twice by a change to a table using a transactional storage engine. (Bug #56343, Bug #11763611)
References: This issue is a regression of: Bug #50038.
Replication: The
BINLOGstatement modified the values of session variables, which could lead to problems with operations such as point-in-time recovery. One such case occurred when replaying a row-based binary log which relied on setting
foreign_key_checks = OFFat the session level to create and populate a set of
InnoDBtables having foreign key constraints. (Bug #54903)
Replication: mysqlbinlog printed
USEstatements to its output only when the default database changed between events. To illustrate how this could cause problems, suppose that a user issued the following sequence of statements:
CREATE DATABASE mydb; USE mydb; CREATE TABLE mytable (column_definitions); DROP DATABASE mydb; CREATE DATABASE mydb; USE mydb; CREATE TABLE mytable (column_definitions);
When played back using mysqlbinlog, the second
CREATE TABLEstatement failed with Error: No Database Selected because the second
USEstatement was not played back, due to the fact that a database other than
mydbwas never selected.
This fix ensures that mysqlbinlog outputs a
USEstatement whenever it reads one from the binary log. (Bug #50914, Bug #11758677)
Replication: Previously, when a statement failed with a different error on the slave than on the master, the slave SQL thread displayed a message containing:
The error message for the master error code
The master error code
The error message for the slaves error code
The slave error code
However, the slave has no information with which to fill in any print format specifiers for the master message, so it actually displayed the message format string. To make it clearer that the slave is not displaying the actual message as it appears on the master, the slave now indicates that the master part of the output is the message format, not the actual message. For example, previously the slave displayed information like this:
Error: "Query caused different errors on master and slave. Error on master: 'Duplicate entry '%-.192s' for key %d' (1062), Error on slave: 'no error' (0). Default database: 'test'. Query: 'insert into t1 values(1),(2)'" (expected different error codes on master and slave)
Now the slave displays this:
Error: "Query caused different errors on master and slave. Error on master: message format='Duplicate entry '%-.192s' for key %d' error code=1062 ; Error on slave: actual message='no error', error code=0. Default database: 'test'. Query: 'insert into t1 values(1),(2)'" (expected different error codes on master and slave)
(Bug #46697)
Replication: When an error occurred in the generation of the name for a new binary log file, the error was logged but not shown to the user. (Bug #46166)
References: See also: Bug #37148, Bug #11748696, Bug #40611, Bug #11750196, Bug #43929, Bug #51019.
OS X: On OS X, a configuration error caused the preference pane to fail. (Bug #51264)
Solaris: On Solaris, the MySQL build failed if it was configured with debugging enabled. (Bug #58699)
Solaris: On Solaris, time-related functions such as
SYSDATE()could return a constant value. (Bug #42054)
Comparisons of aggregate values with
TIMESTAMPvalues were incorrect. (Bug #59330, Bug #11766259)
DIVexpressions, assignment of the result to multiple variables could cause a server crash. (Bug #59241, Bug #11766191)
References: See also: Bug #8457.
MIN(could return an incorrect result in some cases. (Bug #59211, Bug #11766165)
mysqlslap failed to check for a
NULLreturn from
mysql_store_result()and crashed trying to process the result set. (Bug #59109, Bug #11766074)
In a subquery, a
UNIONwith no referenced tables (or only a reference to the
DUALvirtual table) did not permit an
ORDER BYclause. (Bug #58970, Bug #11765950)
-DBUILD_CONFIG=mysql_releaseon Linux previously required
libaioto be linked in. Now it is possible to specify
-DIGNORE_AIO_CHECKto build without
libaio. (Bug #58955, Bug #11765940)
Configuring MySQL with
-DWITHOUT_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1caused build failures. (Bug #58953)
Several Valgrind warnings were fixed. (Bug #58948, Bug #59021)
OPTIMIZE TABLEfor an
InnoDBtable could raise an assertion if the operation failed because it had been killed. (Bug #58933, Bug #11765920)
max_allowed_packetwas set larger than 16MB, the server failed to reject too-large packets with "Packet too large" errors. (Bug #58887, Bug #11765878)
NOT INpredicate with a subquery containing a
HAVINGclause could retrieve too many rows, when the subquery itself returned
NULL. (Bug #58818, Bug #11765815)
Release builds on Linux now are compiled with
WITH_FAST_MUTEXESenabled. (Bug #58766, Bug #11765769)
EXPLAINcould crash for queries that accessed two derived tables. (Bug #58730)
EXPLAIN EXTENDEDfor a query that would use condition pushdown could cause mysqld to crash. (Bug #58553, Bug #11765570)
An assertion could be raised for queries for which the optimizer could choose between Index Merge range access or const ref access methods. (Bug #58456)
If MySQL was built with Visual Studio Express, the project wixca was not built. (Bug #58411)
EXPLAINcould crash for queries that used
GROUP_CONCAT(). (Bug #58396)
CMake polluted the source tree by writing installation-related temporary files there. (Bug #58372)
Security context references in
sp_head.ccwere rewritten for improved DTrace compatibility. (Bug #58350)
ucs2character set does not support characters outside the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP), but converting to
ucs2a string containing such characters did not produce a conversion-failure warning. (Bug #58321)
A Valgrind failure occurred in
fn_formatwhen called from
archive_discover. (Bug #58205, Bug #11765259)
CMake did not add
libmysqld. (Bug #58158)
An assertion could be raised if the server was closing a session at the same time the session was being killed by another thread. (Bug #58136)
Condition pushdown optimization could push down conditions with incorrect column references. (Bug #58134, Bug #11765196)
Configuration with maintainer mode enabled resulted in errors when compiling with icc. (Bug #57991, Bug #58871)
ORDER BYclause was bound to the incorrect substatement when used in
UNIONcontext. (Bug #57986)
BIT_AND()function could return incorrect results when a join returned no matching rows. (Bug #57954)
If the set of values aggregated with
AVG(DISTINCT)contained a
NULLvalue, the function result could be incorrect. (Bug #57932)
In rare cases,
LIKEexpressions failed for an indexed column that used a collation containing contractions. (Bug #57737)
Unnecessary subquery evaluation in contexts such as statement preparation or view creation could cause a server crash. (Bug #57703)
View creation could produce Valgrind warnings. (Bug #57352)
NULLgeometry values could cause a crash in
Item_func_spatial_collection::fix_length_and_dec. (Bug #57321)
It was possible to compile mysqld with Performance Schema support but with a dummy atomic-operations implementation, which caused a server crash. This problem does not affect binary distributions. It is helpful as a safety measure for users who build MySQL from source. (Bug #56769)
cp1251character set did not properly support the Euro sign (
0x88). For example, converting a string containing this character to
utf8resulted in
'?'rather than the
utf8Euro sign. (Bug #56639)
Some unsigned system variables could be displayed with negative values. (Bug #55794)
CREATE DATABASEand
DROP DATABASEcaused mysql --one-database to lose track of the statement-filtering context. (Bug #54899)
An assertion could be raised during concurrent execution of
DROP DATABASEand
REPAIR TABLEif the drop deleted a table's
.TMDfile at the same time the repair tried to read details from the old file that was just removed.
A problem could also occur when
DROP TABLEtried to remove all files belonging to a table at the same time
REPAIR TABLEhad just deleted the table's
.TMDfile. (Bug #54486)
After compilation from source, all header files were installed in the same directory, even those that should be installed into subdirectories of the installation include directory. (Bug #51925)
When mysqld printed crash dump information, it incorrectly indicated that some valid pointers were invalid. (Bug #51817)
On FreeBSD, if mysqld was killed with a
SIGHUPsignal, it could corrupt
.ibdfiles. (Bug #51023, Bug #11758773)
An assertion could be raised if −1 was inserted into an
AUTO_INCREMENTcolumn by a statement writing more than one row. (Bug #50619, Bug #11758417)
If a client supplied a user name longer than the maximum 16 characters permitted for names stored in the MySQL grant tables, all characters were being considered significant when checking for a match. Historically, only the first 16 characters were used for matching; this behavior was restored. (Bug #49752)
my_tell()functions ignored the
MY_WMEflag when they returned an error, which could cause client programs to hang. (Bug #48451)
During assignment of values to system variables, legality checks on the value range occurred too late, preventing proper error checking. (Bug #43233)
If the remote server for a
FEDERATEDtable could not be accessed, queries for the
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLEStable failed. (Bug #35333)


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Sierra Leone: Risk Assessment
Country Risk Rating
Business Climate Rating
- Significant mineral resources (iron, diamonds, rutile, gold)
- Coffee, rice and cocoa production
- Tourism potential
- International financial support
- Significant port activity that is set to expand
- Vulnerable to weather events
- Highly dependent on commodity prices
- Corruption; inadequate protection of property rights
- Risk of renewed Ebola outbreak
- Inadequate infrastructure; failing healthcare system
- Difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to access credit
- Extreme poverty and high unemployment
Current Trends
A Hampered Post-Ebola Recovery
After a decline in economic growth in 2017 due to a rise in inflation and the moderate recovery in iron ore extraction, growth is expected to stagnate in 2018. Mining activities are set to be constrained in particular, largely due to the temporary closure of the Tonkolili iron mine, which is the largest in the country. This follows high production costs and the low quality of iron ore produced, the price of which is declining. In contrast, although the Tongo and Tonguma sites are not anticipated to begin production in 2018, diamond production is expected to rebound in 2018 after being halved in 2017. These mixed outcomes in the mining sector should result in a limited contribution to growth from the secondary sector, which continues to suffer from electricity supply constraints and the unfavorable business environment. Elsewhere, the primary sector – notably agriculture – should continue its recovery thanks to mild weather conditions. In addition, the tertiary sector will be supported by the recovery of tourist activities.
Nevertheless, this latter sector will continue to suffer from the country's high inflation, which will also continue to dampen household consumption, specifically consumption by the +70% of Sierra Leonians who live on less than one US dollar per day. Fuelled by the depreciation of the leone in late 2016 and early 2017, as well as higher fuel prices at the pump, inflation will remain a threat to growth prospects in 2018, especially as the most recent fuel and rice subsidies has been lifted.
A Delayed Budgetary Consolidation Freezes International Aid
In April 2017, Sierra Leone committed to a number of reforms as part of a three-year program with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Under an Extended Credit Facility arrangement for USD 224 million, the country had to reduce its budget deficit so as to reach a primary deficit of 2% of GDP in 2021 (4% in 2017). However, Sierra Leone did not meet its targets in terms of public expenditure, which resulted in a widened budget deficit in 2017. Consequently, the first tranche of IMF aid was not disbursed and the arrival of external assistance from other funders was also postponed. Nevertheless, negotiations between the new government of President Julius Maada Bio (elected in March 2018) and the IMF could lead to a new program in September 2018. In a budget amendment, the government stated that efforts will be concentrated on boosting revenues as a way of reducing the deficit. Measures include the removal of tax loopholes, the application of a mining tax based on market prices, and the introduction of a customs duty of 20% on luxury vehicles. These steps were already included in the draft budget law submitted to parliament in 2017, aimed more generally at improving the efficiency of tax collection. However, their implementation was delayed. The country is also committed to containing current spending. As a consequence, the evolution of the public sector wage bill is expected to be limited. The unpopular liberalization of fuel prices at the pump, promised as part of the earlier agreement with the IMF, was also implemented.
The current account, mainly hampered by a sizeable trade deficit, is set to stabilize in 2018. Exports and imports are expected to decline to the same extent, while the balance of transfers will remain stable with a still large surplus.
Political Alternation at the Head of the Country
On the 31st March 2018, Julius Maada Bio was elected President of the Republic of Sierra Leone, a sign of the desire for political renewal. The Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP) candidate succeeds Ernest Bai Koroma (All People's Congress – APC), who retired after two constitutional terms. A former soldier, President Maada Bio had already been in power as Vice President after a coup in 1996. Now, President, his priorities are access to education and the fight against corruption. However, he will have to face the challenge of collaborating with the APC, which won the majority of seats in Parliament during the March parliamentary elections.
Both elections took place in a relatively peaceful atmosphere in a country where poverty, unemployment, and corruption remain widespread, providing grounds for social frustration. For example, the liberalization of fuel prices as implemented by the new president has provoked a wave of demonstrations in a country that is among the poorest on the continent. The poverty rate is explained, in particular, by a very poor business climate, which continues to slow investment and job creation. In recent years, structural and governance reforms have been slow to materialize. As a result, Sierra Leone dropped to 160th place in the Doing Business 2018 ranking (out of 190 countries) –a fall of 12 places.


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251 Events Found
Speaker: Professor Kenneth Bartlett
How did a fiery, apocalyptic preacher take control of 1490s Florence, a Renaissance city of culture, art and humanist values? How many priceless works...
750 Spadina Ave. (at Bloor), Toronto Ontario M5S 2J2
Speaker: Irvin Studin
Guest speaker: Irvin Studin, President of the Institute for 21st Century Questions, and Editor-in-Chief & Publisher of Global Brief Magazine
What ...
Speaker: Prof. Sharika Thiranagama, Stanford University
For exact location of the event on campus, please follow this link: http://map.utoronto.ca/utsc/building/204
160, Arts and Administration Building, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, ON, Canada M1C 1A4
Speaker: Michael Enright, Host Of CBC Radio One's "The Sunday Edition", And Robert Bothwell, Professor Of International Relations, Munk School Of Global Affairs
Two days before the US election, listen and ask how Canada will be affected by who moves into the White House.
Speakers: Michael Enright, host of CBC ...
St. Mark's Church, 51 King Street, Port Hope, ON L1A 2R6
This event collaborates with the Internet Archive's End of Term 2016 project, which seeks to archive the federal online pages and data that are in d...
Bissell Building, 4th floor, 140 St. George Street
Speaker: Prof. Max Bergholz Associate Professor, Department Of History, Concordia University
During two terrifying days and nights in early September 1941, the lives of nearly two thousand men, women, and children were taken savagely by their ...
Room 108N, North House, Munk School of Global Affairs, 1 Devonshire Place, Toronto, ON M5S 3K7
Speaker: Sami Khatib (AUB), Jens Hanssen (NMC/History)
Two 30 minute talks:
Sami Khatib (AUB) "On Violence: Benjamin and Beyond"
Jens Hanssen (NMC/History) "Palestinian Nachträglichkeit: Walter Benjamin...
Room 115, Old Vic, Victoria College, 73 Queen's Park Crescent, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1K7
Speaker: Steve Penfold, Associate Professor, Department Of History, University Of Toronto
The "Ten Minute Talks" series will be afternoon events held during the winter semester, and led by faculty from the History Department. Light refresh...
Room 2098, Sidney Smith Hall, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3
Speaker: Prof. Susan Hill (Associate Professor Of History, And Director Of The First Nations Studies Program At Western University)
We're pleased to be welcoming Professor Susan Hill to the Centre for Indigenous Studies for a public lecture and two lunches where we will have the...
Turtle Lounge, North Borden Building, 2nd Floor, 563 Spadina Ave, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7
Speaker: Prof. Joshua Sanborn (Lafayette College)
Joshua Sanborn is Professor and Head of the Department of History at Lafayette College (Pennsylvania, USA). He is a historian of violence, society, an...


text:
The chowder is easy, ready in about a half hour, and the ultimate comfort food. The smaller you dice the vegetables, the faster it'll be ready. I recommend 1/4-inch dice. It's loaded with tender potatoes, juicy chicken, sweet Vidalia onions, carrots, celery, and corn which all add texture and flavor. Even with chowder I need texture and a variety of vegetables to keep me interested and this does the trick. It's thick, creamy, rich, and wonderfully cheesy. Grate your own cheese because pre-grated convenience bags of cheese are resistant to melting. We couldn't get enough of the chowder. The savory, cheesy broth is my ultimate weakness.
YIELD: about 10 cups PREP TIME: 10 minutes COOK TIME: about 30 minutes TOTAL TIME: about 40 minutes
- 3 to 4 tablespoons olive oil
- 2 cups sweet Vidalia or yellow onions, peeled and diced small (about 1 medium/large onion)
- 1 cup carrots, peeled and diced small (about 2 large carrots)
- 1 cup celery, diced small (about 2 stalks)
- 4 garlic cloves, finely minced
- 1/4 cup all-purpose flour
- 32 ounces (4 cups) low-sodium chicken broth
- 3 cups milk, or as needed (I use Silk Unsweetened Cashewmilk)
- 3 cups Russet potatoes, peeled and diced into 1/4-inch cubes (about 3 large potatoes)
- 1 teaspoon dried thyme
- 1 teaspoon dried oregano
- 1 teaspoon salt, or to taste
- 1 teaspoon pepper, or to taste
- pinch cayenne pepper, optional and to taste
- 2 cups cooked shredded rotisserie chicken (use storebought to save time)
- 3/4 cup corn (I used frozen and added it straight from the freezer)
- 8 ounces extra-sharp cheddar cheese (grate it yourself, pre-grated cheese in plastic bags is resistant to melting)
- 1/3 cup fresh flat-leaf parsley leaves, finely chopped
1-To a large Dutch oven or stockpot, add the oil and heat over medium-high heat to warm.
2-Add the onion, carrots, celery, and sauté for about 7 to 9 minutes, or until vegetables begin to soften. Stir intermittently.
3-Add the garlic and sauté for another 1 to 2 minutes.
4-Add the flour and whisk constantly until lightly browned, about 1 minute.
5-Add the chicken broth, milk, and whisk constantly until slightly thickened, about 1 to 2 minutes.
6-Add potatoes, thyme, oregano, salt, pepper, optional cayenne, and bring to a boil. Allow chowder to boil fairly rapidly for about 15 minutes or until potatoes are fork-tender; stir intermittently. At any time while the chowder is boiling, if the overall liquid level is lower than you like and the chowder is too thick, adding a cup of extra milk is okay. At the end you will adjust the seasoning levels.
7-After potatoes are soft, add the chicken, corn, and boil for 1 to 2 minutes to warm the chicken and corn through.
8-Reduce the heat to low, add the cheese slowly, and stir continuously until melted and combined.
9-Add the parsley and stir to combine.
10-Taste chowder and add salt to taste. I added another teaspoon but this will vary based on how salty the brand of chicken broth used is, how salty the rotisserie chicken and cheese are, and personal preference. Make any necessary seasoning adjustments (i.e. more salt, pepper, herbs, etc.) and serve immediately. Chowder will keep airtight in the fridge for 5 to 7 days; reheat very gently prior to serving so it doesn't 'break'. I haven't tried freezing the chowder.


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GoPro App Available on Android
Use your Android device as a live video remote allowing for live video of your shot and full camera control. You can download it from Google Play.
GoPro App Features:
- Full control of your HD HERO2 camera's setting + features
- Live preview makes framing your shot easy
- Access to GoPro's Photo and Video of the Day
Download the GoPro App Now
The GoPro App is now available at the Apple App Store and Google Play.
NOTE: HD HERO2 cameras and Wi-Fi BacPacs require a software update before using the GoPro App. Visit gopro.com/update for a free software update. The GoPro App is not compatible with the original HD HERO camera.
You will need a Wi-Fi BacPa or Wi-Fi Combo Kit to use the App with your GoPro HERO2 camera.
The GoPro App is not compatible with the original HD HERO cameras.
Demo video may showcase features to be released with future versions of the app.


text:
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cultural life of every Lower Manhattan neighborhood.
Cultural Enhancement Funds
For information on funding and institutions, please click on the numbers below.
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text:
Windsor, Stonehenge & Bath, Saturday 28th March 2020
On this tour, we take a journey into Berkshire, Wiltshire & Somerset to visit 3 popular sightseeing locations in a day.
Small group tour, water provided, entrance to Windsor Castle now included.
Please note this tour is designed for those short on time but still want to visit Stonehenge, Windsor and Bath – free time visits can be brief to fit in the 3 locations and the journey in a day.
During the day we'll take visits to the historic town of Windsor where we will visit Windsor Castle. (Entrances included in tour price.)
The castle's history spans almost 1000 years and still remains a working palace.
We'll also visit the World Heritage Site at Stonehenge, the world famous Stone Circle in Wiltshire. Stonehenge has attracted millions of visitors from all over the world and is one of the first places for any visitor to England to see.
The third location on the list on this day tour includes a visit to the Roman City of Bath where you'll have a brief orientation tour by your tour manager followed by free time to explore the city.
Tour Includes:
• Entrance to Windsor Castle
• Entrance into Stonehenge with audio guide
• Visit to Bath with free time to explore
• Luxury coach travel throughout
• Services of an Anderson Tours Tour Manager
- Day 1 - Saturday 28th March 2020
- 07:30 London Pick ups. London Bridge (7.30am), Victoria (8.00am), Earls Court (8.30am)
- 08:30 After our London pick ups, we head to our first destination - Windsor.
- 09:30 Arrival at Royal Windsor .
On arrival at Windsor we will walk up the hill to the castle. Entrance included.
- 11:30 Approximate departure time from Windsor for Stonehenge. (Journey time is approximate 1 hour 30 minutes)
- 13:00 Entrance is included at Stonehenge. You'll have free time (approx 1 hour 30 minutes) to explore Stonehenge and the visitor centre.
Audio guides, available in a variety of languages provided by the Stonehenge site, subject to availability by the site are included, which give you more information on the history. During busy periods you can download a free copy to your smartphone using the Stonehenge free WiFI.
- 14:30 We leave Stonehenge and head for the city of Bath, which is approximately an hour drive away.
- 15:45 Approximately arrival in Bath. On arrival in Bath, your tour manager will take you on a short orientation tour of Bath pointing out the sights and attactions to visit.
You will then have free time to explore.
- 18:00 Approximate departure time from Bath.
- 20:30 Approximate arrival back into Central London. The coach will drop off at Earls Court only.
All times shown are local times.
Please note the itinerary is intended as a guide and some details may be subject to change.
Book Now
To book please click below
- Adult Price from £119
- Child Price from £109
Other tour dates
- Fully inclusive tours with entrances included
- No hidden extras
- Enjoyed by all ages and nationalities
- Great value for money
- Luxury travel on our own vehicles
- We employ our own professional guides
- Superb hotel accommodation offered on all overnight tours


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Just a quick question. I just want to use this these like buttons for a gallery page that I'm creating for pics and videos. And I found the shortcode to put under the items and it seems to work fine.
However I noticed that the like buttons are on the footer of my webpages as well. I have the shortcode, but anyone tell me how to remove like button from the footer of my webpages? Thanks.


text:
$250 Disney Gift Card
$250 Disney Gift Card
Enter for your chance to win a $250 Disney Gift Card!
Get social with us – follow us on Twitter, subscribe to us on YouTube, or sign up for our newsletter to enter this contest.
*This is a multi-market contest. Contest ends June 27, 2018.
This contest has expired.


text:
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2009 Calendar
Jan 30, 2009
Add to 2009 Resolutions…
...Don't procrastinate.
Today I FINALLY got a 2009 calendar up on the fridge. Up until this point I've had to remember everything in my head which is just asking for trouble! Perhaps you are also like me and have yet to get a calendar. Maybe you're just holding out until the calendars go on sale, like I had considered doing. Or maybe this year your grandmother didn't end up sending you one of the many free calendars that she got in the mail. Whatever the reason, it's never to late to put up a unique and fun calendar.
I found a printable calendar including a tutorial on how to make it at knick knacks & ric rac. The calendar covers half a sheet of paper so it's not very large. It's a good size for me because we don't have a very hectic schedule but if you keep a lot on your calendar then you'll need to print some calendars about the size of a whole piece of paper.
While I like the idea of using pictures, I decided to do use drawings made by Emma instead. There's just something genius about children's artwork. If you have young children, grandchildren or if you know any children, get them to draw a picture for you. Children seem to generate a LOT of artwork and this will give you a way to use some of it. You can have the child draw one picture to use all year-round or have them draw a new picture each month. Emma has a set of oil pastels that she is allowed to use to make "extra-special" pictures. The combination of lighter pastels and black paper gives a nice chalkboard look.
Posted In: Parenting | Crafts • Comments (1)
Valentine Tree
Jan 30, 2009
Because the Christmas season was so short this year we decided to make our tree into a Valentine tree. When I was a kid my mom did this with our Christmas tree and I loved it! Once married I tried this with our live Christmas tree and was in for quite a surprise! I was sitting on the floor one night working on a craft project when I noticed there was a LOT of dirt under the tree! Only…
...it wasn't DIRT!
...it was millions of teeny tiny BUGS!
Unbeknownst to us there was evidently a nest of bug eggs that had hatched. This probably happened because we had the tree in the warm indoors so long. It was SO disgusting getting that tree out of the house. The whole way out the door bugs were dropping EVERYwhere! Needless to say we no longer buy live trees because of that incident! :)
Posted In: My Life • Comments (1)
Book Review: Healthy Sleep Habits, Happy Child
Jan 27, 2009
Getting your baby into a healthy sleeping pattern is important not only for your sanity and rest but for the health of your baby as well. Studies have shown a strong correlation between the quality & quantity of sleep that children get and their ability to learn and adapt. In his book, "Healthy Sleep Habits, Happy Child" Doctor Marc Weissbluth gives us guidelines in helping our children to get the right kind of sleep. It is well known that poor sleep makes children irritable but he goes further and shows how it can actually lead to labels like ADD and hyperactivity. He explains that while children may have hereditary blocks to sleeping well, parents can have a huge impact in helping our children sleep properly. He first gives us a picture of what healthy sleep and healthy awake time looks like and then gives guidelines for establishing healthy sleep at each stage of a child's development from infancy to adolescence. While he focuses on prevention of sleep problems, he also gives an age-appropriate action plan for correcting them. For families with two careers, multiples or other obstacles to establishing good sleeping routines he gives practical tips to help.
This book is full of helpful information. With that being said, I will say that not all of his recommendations work. According to his book my daughter should have been sleeping through the night at 9 months old. It wasn't until she was 13 months old though before that became a reality. Until this happened my daughter would wake up a couple times a night and was obviously very hungry. She definitely has a fast metabolism and I think that contributed to it. She would go to sleep right after eating even if she wasn't asleep when I laid her down. My recommendation is to take the info in the book and combine it with your parental instincts to create the best situation for your child.
While he does mention SIDS, he doesn't explain what causes it. I would recommend reading my earlier article on that, "SIDS Prevention."
Posted In: Parenting | Book Reviews • Comments (0)
Roller Skating
Jan 27, 2009
This month I started taking Emma to the home-school roller skating event. It's been such a blast from the past! When I was home-schooled years ago we used to go roller skating quite regularly. It was one of my favorite home-school outings. Emma was so tipsy at first but started getting pretty stable by the time the two hours were up. We had a lot of fun and it was great exercise! It was especially nice to spend some one on one time with Emma. Since Katie has been born it's been harder to do things together so it was good to connect.
Posted In: Parenting | My Life • Comments (0)
Quote: World Peace Begins at Home
Jan 24, 2009
"Everybody today seems to be in such a terrible rush, anxious for greater developments and greater riches and so on, so that children have very little time for their parents. Parents have very little time for each other, and in the home begins the disruption of peace of the world."
~Mother Teresa
Posted In: Inspirational Quotes • Comments (0)


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Chris Kuper deal should help Elvis Dumervil
On balance, the new six-year deal for right guard Chris Kuper should help pass-rusher Elvis Dumervil.
Granted, right guard money doesn't approach the market value of a pass rusher. If Kuper got, say, $30 million, Dumervil's deal could wind up being at least twice that.
Still, it shows the Broncos are willing to reward their own. Like Dumervil, Kuper was drafted by the previous Mike Shanahan regime. Like Dumervil, Kuper was hoping to become an unrestricted free agent as a fourth-year player, but instead was trapped into restricted free agency status.
Kuper wound up getting his long-term contract, anyway. I thnk Dumervil will, too.
The Kuper contract was a strong message sent by Broncos coach Josh McDaniels. To wit: He doesn't just like his "own" players. He likes good football players, period.
The moral of Kuper's contract story: Stay healthy and keep quiet. He is the Broncos' only full-time, starting offensive lineman from last season who is both returning, and not injured. Ben Hamilton and Casey Wiegmann are gone. Ryan Clady, Ryan Harris and Russ Hochstein are recovering from surgerically repaired, lower-extremity injuries. Tyler Polumbus is back subbing for Clady at left tackle after starting eight games at right tackle last season.
Up front, the Broncos' offseason blocking unit has come down to Kuper and the Kids. And now the kids know that Kuper is worth following.


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'Dragon' stokes up box office with $43.3M debut
LOS ANGELES (AP) -- "How to Train Your Dragon" has breathed a bit of box-office fire with a $43.3 million opening weekend and a No. 1 debut.
Yet the DreamWorks Animation adventure came in well behind the studio's last cartoon comedy, "Monsters vs. Aliens," which opened with $59.3 million over the same weekend last year.
Disney's "Alice in Wonderland," which had been No. 1 the previous three weekends, slipped to second place with $17.3 million. It raised its domestic total to $293.1 million.
John Cusack's raunchy comedy "Hot Tub Time Machine" had a lukewarm No. 3 debut of $13.7 million.


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akw144 needed a new coded website design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 26 designs submitted by 14 freelance designers.
See brief
Desired Color Scheme:
Black back ground
Desired Style:
Uber cool, minimalist, professional
Accepted File Formats:
Standard Web Formats (.jpg, .gif or .png); Vector Formats (.eps, .pdf or .ai); Layered Formats (.psd or .tiff); HTML
The company is called Umesh K Solanki Optometrist.  The site requires NO advertising space. The shop's are uber cool, very minimalist, and the website should reflect this. The back ground/majority of the site should be black (like logo). The very basic logo can be found here (Black background woth Times New Roman white font):  http://www.climaxcleaning.com/logo.jpg
Use what appropriate images you feel like.Â
The site details are below:
7 Page HTML site, with possibility of including flash animation
- Home page - Welcome paragraph
- News headlines with links to full story
- Stunning image
- News - An archive of all the news stories
- About us - Images of store's
- Services - Overview and detailed paragraphs on: - Sight test
- Contact lenses
- Spectacles
- Products - Overview with links to manufacture sites - Porsche
- TAG Heuer
- Scandinavian Eyewear
- Lindberg
- Silhouette
- Rodenstock
- Contact us - Both branch details with a contact formWill give feedback on all designs, and payment upfront. I look forward to seeing your desgns! If the design exceeds my expectations expect a little bonus $$$! Any questions please do not hesitate to ask.Â


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Please call us for pricing: 818-597-7800
This Mid Century Modern chair design takes a cue from its distant cousin Scandinavian Modern with a sleek and symmetrical piece that optically opens up the look of the room. Conically-tapered wood legs, also a favorite of Mid Century Modern Design, feature a warm wood finish that pairs well with the glamorous, faux silk fabric.
The TAKE FIVE Chelsea Mid Century Modern Arm Chair with Gold Faux Silk Fabric by Lexington at Reeds Furniture in the Los Angeles, Thousand Oaks, Simi Valley, Agoura Hills, Oxnard, Calabassas, Malibu, California area. Product availability may vary. Contact us for the most current availability on this product.
If you think that retro means tacky and kitsch, you're missing out on the definitive, fresh looks of Mid Century Modern. Far from being a blast from the past, Mid Cenury Modern designs still resonate today with their chic simplicity yet iconic and expressive edge. The Take Five collection enhances the quintessential Mid Century Modern lines with luxurious touches of gold leaf, hand-applied gold striping, and Carrera marble veneers for an unforgettable take on sophisticated home decor. Adding depth and high end elegance to this collection is a rich combination of meticulously chosen wood veneers, featuring cathedral rosewood tabletops and quartered Zebrano paneling. Brass hardware and bejeweled brass table bases add further depth and elegance to this contemporary look. You can see the quality in every facet of the Take Five group, from self-closing door and drawer mechanisms to the hand-applied gold stripe motif, making this a group that you can love just as much after the first year as the first day you take it home. Signature pieces in the Take Five collection include an upholstered headboard in ivory, top-grain leather, multiple choices of dining table and modern upholstered chairs, and two, super-mod cocktail ottomans including the sheepskin bench ottoman.
The TAKE FIVE collection is a great option if you are looking for Mid-Century Modern
Contemporary furniture in the Los Angeles, Thousand Oaks, Simi Valley, Agoura Hills, Oxnard, Calabassas, Malibu, California area.
These images are representative of this group as a whole and may differ from this item.
Browse other items in the TAKE FIVE collection from Reeds Furniture in the Los Angeles, Thousand Oaks, Simi Valley, Agoura Hills, Oxnard, Calabassas, Malibu, California area.
This item has been tagged as: Dining Chair, Dining Room Chairs, Arm Chair, Dining Arm Chair, Side Chair, Dining Side Chair, Dining Room Set, Dining Table and Chair Set, Kitchen Chair, Kitchen Dining Chair, Dining Room Furniture
Nothing on this page may be copied or reproduced without explicit permission.


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Nacho Figueras Gossip
Nacho Figueras gossip, latest news, photos, and video.
Nacho crusades for polo
Peter Ash Lee c/o NUVO
Peter Ash Lee c/o NUVO
I get requests all the time for more coverage on Nacho Figueras. The truth is, I don't know much about him beyond him playing polo all the time with Princes William and Harry, mostly Harry. Figueras covers the new issue of NUVO. The man has great hair. Full Story


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Energy. Where will it come from? How much will it cost? Will new resources be available for our use in the years ahead? These are questions of vital concern to the public utilities industry, since the answers will determine how we all live and work in the future. Pacific Gas and Electric Company, a client of our San Francisco office, is attempting to find solutions today to the potential energy problems of tomorrow. In an age in which it has become necessary to develop as many alternative energy-producing technologies as possible, this is the only company in the country that generates electricity from geothermal steam as well as from water, oil, natural gas and nuclear sources. PG&E also is engaged in numerous research ventures to explore the potential of other power-producing methods. By most standards of measurement, Pacific Gas and Electric is the largest investor-owned gas and electric public utility in the United States, providing gas and electricity to more than five million customers in forty-eight counties of northern and central California. Operating revenues for 1975 were approximately $2.2 billion, roughly 29 percent higher than the previous year. The gain was largely due to higher rates granted to offset the rising prices of natural gas and fuel oil. There was an increase of nearly 70,000 customers last year as well. San Francisco partner Benton Coit heads the engagement. When he retires next year, partner Gary West will take charge of the three managers and fifteen staff accountants on the audit team. According to Gary, the structure of the utilities industry results in interesting accounting situations. He cites as an example the recent use of PG&E subsidiaries like Natural Gas Corporation of California, Alberta and Southern Gas Co., Ltd. and Pacific Gas Transmission Company to support gas-exploration efforts on the North Slope of Alaska, in Canada and in a number of northern and central Rocky Mountain states. In 1970 the company launched a seven-year project to integrate completely its electronic data-processing system. With EO partner Gordon Murray providing consulting assistance, four H&S people worked closely with a ten-member team from PG&E to create an inclusive definition of the system intended to replace the earlier, more-segmented version. Today PG&E's computer system is capable of a variety of functions. The largest single application involves customer service, but the computer also is used for property taxes, payroll and inventories. It also provides, as one example, analysis of the optimum point of efficiency for using hydroelectric power by rapidly evaluating factors such as storage-water evaporation and peak power demand in summer. The history of Pacific Gas and Electric is tied in with the frontier past of northern California. PG&E is a direct descendant of the San Francisco Gas Company, which in 1852 pioneered gas service in the western United States by manufacturing gas from coal, and the California Electric Light Company of San Francisco. The latter in 1879 began the country's first central-station commercial electric service. By late 1905, only a few months before the disastrous earthquake, PG&E had evolved through the merger of the two San Francisco-based utilities and many other systems. Later mergers in the 1930s—with Great Western Power Company and the San Joaquin Light and Power Corporation—expanded PG&E's service area to its present boundaries. PG&E today is the result of the merger of more than five hundred companies into a single, efficient operation. The company now employs more than 25,000 people and has seventy-seven generating plants, 94,000 miles of electric transmission and distribution lines and 31,000 miles of gas pipelines. Its total system generating capability at annual peak is fourteen million kilowatts from a combination of its own plants and contracts with other producers. The quality of its management has been responsible in great measure for the company's success. Shermer L. Sibley, chairman and chief executive officer, holds a degree in electrical engineering and has been with the utility since 1936. Richard H. Peterson, vice chairman of the board and a graduate of the University of Cali- Copyrighted -- License from Black Star
Object Description
Pacific Gas and Electric Company: A Report on a west coast client
Moore, Charles
Pacific Gas and Electric Company
|Personal Name
West, Gary R.
Skinner, Stanley T.
Peter, Frank A.
Doudiet, James T.
Coit, Benton C.
Murray,Gordon L.
West, Gary R.
Skinner, Stanley T.
Peter, Frank A.
Doudiet, James T.
Haskins & Sells. San Francisco Office
Haskins & Sells. Executive Office
H&S Reports, Vol. 13, (1976 summer), p. 20-24
|Originally published by: Haskins & Sells
|Copyright and permission to republish held by: Deloitte; Photographs by Charles Moore, Black Star
|PDF page image with corrected OCR scanned at 400 dpi
|Deloitte Digital Collection
|Digital Publisher
|University of Mississippi Library. Accounting Collection
|Date-Digitally Created


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Alcoa and Landsvirkjun, the National Power Company of Iceland, finished negotiating a Power Contract today for a new greenfield 320,000 tpa aluminum smelter at Reydarfjordur, East Iceland.
Alcoa and Landsvirkjun, the National Power Company of Iceland, finished negotiating a Power Contract today for a new greenfield 320,000 tpa aluminum smelter at Reydarfjordur, East Iceland.
Landsvirkjun received the following bids for the projects Kárahnjúkar dam (KAR 11) and headrace tunnel (KAR 14).
On Nov. 20, 2002, Standard & Poor's Ratings Services revised its local and foreign currency outlooks on the Iceland-based electricity transmission and generation company Landsvirkjun to stable from negative following a similar outlook revision on the Republic of Iceland (local currency AA+/Stable/A-1+; foreign currency A+/Stable/A-1+).
Landsvirkjun recently signed an agreement with Statoil and Statnett of Norway to conduct a feasibility study for the laying of a submarine cable between Iceland and Norway, which would be completed in the space of half a year.
Landsvirkjun has decided to explore new and unconventional ways to lower operational and development costs for the electricity transmission network.
On September 2 the Minister of Industry grated Landsvirkjun a permit to build a hydropower facility of up to 750 MW at Kárahnjúkar.
The Planning Agency has approved the construction of the Nordlingaalda reservoir at an elevation of 575 and 578 m a.s.l., as presented in documents submitted by the developer, with six conditions.
Landsvirkjun and Nordurál have signed a memorandum of understanding on delivery of power for the first phase in the expansion of Nordurál's Grundartangi smelter to an eventual 240,000 tpy, which will involve an expansion from 90,000 to 180,000 tpy.
The building of a smelter in Reydarfjordur and the Karahnjukar hydropower station have been in the pipeline for some time.
A memorandum of understanding has been signed by the Icelandic government, Landsvirkjun (The National Power Company of Iceland) and Alcoa, formalizing their cooperation in building a low emission aluminium smelter in Eastern Iceland.
An open meeting presenting the details of a new action plan.
Landsvirkjun's results for the first nine months of the year 2019.
According to Moody's, the upgrade reflects the continued improvement in the company's credit profile.
Outstanding companies build their business on a strong foundation and are focused on the interests of investors and shareholders.
Kristín Linda has participated in various international co-operations on environmental issues.
Strong cash generation and a historically high equity ratio.
Follows successful placing of a USD 200m green bond in 2018
The original power contract between the companies dates from the year 1975.
Net debt continues to decrease and the equity ratio strengthens.
The assets and transfer of the shares have negligible effect on the balance sheet and operations of Landsvirkjun.
Jónas Þór Guðmundsson re-elected chairman of the board.
S&P Global Ratings revises Landsvirkjun's rating outlook from stable to positive on improved financial position.
Landsvirkjun owns 64.7% of Landsnet.
The Green Bond Pioneer Awards are the premier annual recognition of achievement by organisations, financial institutions, governments and individuals who have demonstrated leadership through pioneering initiatives and green issuance and have provided positive examples of climate resilient and low carbon investment in a diverse range of nations and markets.
Another record year for power generation and operating performance.
Operations have already begun in Blönduós and construction work to expand the data center is currently underway.
Revenue, EBITDA and profit increase between periods.
Landsvirkjun is number three on Creditinfo's list.
The EFTA Surveillance Authority (ESA) has concluded that state guarantees for Landsvirkjun's hedging derivatives did not involve state aid.


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Norway Shooter's Twitter Account Hacked
The Twitter account widely believed to belong to right-wing Norwegian terrorist Anders Behring Breivik was hacked on Sunday by a person or group claiming affiliation with Anonymous Norway.
The account—which hasn't been confirmed as belonging to Breivik, though seems likely to be his—seems to have been seized at around 3:30 p.m. ET, at which point the hackers Tweeted out two really hilarious jokes about prison rape (you can see above; the Tweets were later deleted). The hackers called Breivik a "sick disgusting fuck" and announced that the account had been "seized by NORIA."
And then, having gotten the rape jokes out of their systems, the hackers turned to the obligatory incoherent statement of intent: "We want Anders to be forgotten. Labels like "monster", or "maniac" won't do either. Media should call him pathetic; a nothing. #Forgethim." (Okay, guys! Whatever!) "This twitter account will be deleted soon. Forget Anders," they finished.
As of the writing of this post, the Twitter account still exists.


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About the Priest Lake Historical Photograph Collection
The 380 photographs in this collection depict scenes across seventy years (1880-1950) of Priest Lake area history. The Priest Lake Museum Association built the collection in the early 1980s after putting out a call for historical photographs of their region. With the help of grant funding provided by the Greater Inland Empire Foundation and the Association for the Humanities in Idaho, members of the association went about gathering photographs from those who answered their call. These photographs were eventually hand-delivered to the University of Idaho Library's Special Collections & Archives Department, where they were photographed, reprinted, and then returned, via the Museum Association, to their original owners.
This is a collection depicting family, community, and business life in the Priest Lake area. Earlier photos show homesteads as well as Prater Ranch, aka "half-way house," where, during the regular trips from Priest River to Priest Lake, the stage stopped to exchange horses and provide a place for its passengers to have a mid-day meal. Many images also depict logging activity: There are images of logs on sleds drawn by horses, log booms pulled by steamboats moving from Priest Lake to Priest River, and logs on multi-trailer trucks traversing snow-covered roads.
This rugged, outdoorsman's wonderland was the perfect calling card for adventurist and silent film star Nell Shipman, who brought her production company and zoo to the area. Shipman made her outdoor adventure movies in the region, starring in them with her own wild animals. This ruggedness also lent itself to the production of moonshine in the hills during Prohibition.
In the 1930s, the federal government found itself fighting Blister Rust Disease in the area's national forests. To combat the disesase, the government used manual labor from the newly founded Civilian Conservation Corp(CCC). The men in the CCC not only worked on disease control and fought fires, they also built fire lookouts, campgrounds, and roads. The Federal Government later used these camps to house German and Italian internees during World War II.
Wikipedia Entry for Priest Lake - A thumbnail sketch of the area and history.
The Priest Lake Museum Association Newsletter - A PDF that describes how the collection came about. See page 2.
Blister Rust Disease - Information on what the Blister Rust Disease is, how it spreads to white pines, and the economic impact for the United States.
Wikipedia Entry for the CCC - A history of the CCC.
Wikipedia Entry for Nell Shipman - An overview of Nell Shipman who she was and what she did.
Priestlake.org - The Priest Lake Chamber of Commerce home page.
The following books were also consulted:
Pioneer Voices of Priest Lake Edited by Kris Runberg Smith. Day-NW F.782 P75 2007
Priest River and Priest Lake: Kaniksu Country Author(s): Marylyn Cork, Jeanne M. Tomlin, Diane E. Mercer Copyright 2012
Questions? Comments?
Contact Devin Becker, digital initiatives librarian at email@example.com.
This site is built using the CONTENTdm-modified version of CollectionBuilder, which is a project of University of Idaho Library's Digital Initiatives as part of the Lib-STATIC toolkit. It uses the open source static site generator Jekyll built into hosting from GitHub Pages. The basic frame work is created using Bootstrap and jQuery. Metadata visualizations are created using DataTables, Leafletjs, and Lunr.js. Document metadata is exposed using Schema.org and Open Graph protocol standards.
Questions can be directed to firstname.lastname@example.com
Get the Source code for this site!
Last build date: 2019-10-18.


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For the purposes of regulating certain fisheries the legislature recognized the historic division of the state into saltwater and freshwater areas based on the variations of flora and fauna found within these two divisions. The legislature further recognized that the exact line of demarcation cannot be precisely located due to constant changes in water salinity caused by winds, tides, and rains. The legislature therefore legally defined the freshwater and saltwater areas by describing a line from the Texas state line, easterly to the Mississippi state line. The areas south of the described line, plus a number of saltwater lakes and waterways, were designated as saltwater areas and all other areas north of the described line were designated as freshwater areas.
Louisiana Saltwater Line Definition
Title 56, Section 322-The Intracoastal waterway from the Texas- Louisiana boundary to its junction with Louisiana Highway 27 at Gibbstown, and then south to Louisiana Highway 82 and then east to its junction with the Intracoastal Waterway at Forked Island, the Intracoastal Waterway from Forked Island to Bayou Barataria to the Harvey Canal, the Harvey Canal to the Mississippi River, the Mississippi River to the Industrial Canal, the Industrial Canal to the Intracoastal Waterway, the Intracoastal Waterway to the Rigolets in Orleans Parish to the Louisville & Nashville Railroad bridge, the Louisville & Nashville Railroad right-of-way from the Orleans Parish line to the Mississippi state line.
The areas south of the above described line, plus the saltwater lakes known as Lake Maurepas, Lake Pontchartrain, Lake St. Catherine, Chef Menteur Pass (except that seven- tenths of a mile section from Bayou Sauvage south to the Intracoastal Waterway), the Rigolets, Unknown Pass, Pass Manchac, Intracoastal, and that portion of the Calcasieu Ship Channel from the Intracoastal Waterway south to the Gulf of Mexico, shall be designated as saltwater areas.
Persons fishing and/or possessing saltwater fish in these areas are required to have in addition to the basic fishing license a saltwater fishing license.
Federal Waters (EEZ)
A very easy way to tell if you are in state or federal waters is to pull up to the nearest platform. If the platform is in state waters it will have a placard with a State Lease Number. If the platform is in federal waters it will be designated with an OCS number. By utilizing a block map you can alsoestimate your position. The platform will be designated with an area and block number. For instance if you see ST-128 X, OCS 00498 you will be in federal waters at South Timbalier 128 platform X.