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Stalin's Last Crime — The Plot Against the Jewish Doctors, 1948-1953 by Jonathan Brent and Vladimir P. Naumov is an in-depth study in psychological survival in a nightmarish police state — Stalin's Russia, circa 1948-1953. The untangling of this Gordian knot of conspiracies and plots is the convincing achievement of the authors of this suspenseful, historical drama. They accomplished an almost inscrutable task, the successful unraveling of Joseph Stalin's (photo, left) byzantine, evil plot against the Jewish doctors.
The problem for the protagonists and antagonists in this Stalinist nightmare is that of survival. The moral conundrum is how to survive without denouncing other innocent persons, as this Kafkaesque drama unfolds. And yet, perceived survival, or at least the delaying as long as possible of the loss of life or limb by the avoidance of physical torture, could only be attained at the expense of denouncing and putting in jeopardy the lives of others. And, what is one to confess to without divining what was being formulated in Stalin's monstrous mind?
Thankfully for some, there was the critical issue of timing, the clock was ticking rapidly, and time was running out. Some of the victims beat the clock and survived; others did not and perished.
Jewish Bolsheviks and the Anti-Cosmopolitanism Campaign
During the period 1945 to 1947, overt anti-Semitism was suppressed in the USSR. Why? Firstly, because Stalin was considered the savior of the Jews, the man who defeated Hitler and had liberated the Eastern European concentration camps from the Nazis. Moreover, during those years Stalin needed the Jews for propaganda purposes. Secondly, many of the old Bolsheviks were Jewish, Leon Trotsky, Lev Kamenev, Gregory Zinoviev, Lazar Kaganovich, Maxim Litvinov, Yakov Sverdlov, Polina Zhemchuzhina (the wife of Molotov), etc. Jewish communists, such as the legendary founder of the Cheka, Felix Dzerzhinsky, and his successors, Abram Slutsky, Sergei Shpigelglas, and Genrikh Yagoda, had led the intelligence and security organs of the Bolsheviks and subsequently the Soviet state. And there were still many Jewish cadres in the cultural organs, the Party, the intelligence services, and the security apparatus. Thirdly, Stalin had initially supported the creation of the Jewish state of Israel.
But then in the fall of 1948 Golda Meir visited the Soviet Union. Russian Jews had been too festive, too enthusiastic, and had shown too much admiration for the Israeli Prime Minister! The U.S. and Israel also seemed to be developing closer ties of friendship and cooperation. Many Jews in Russia had families and acquaintances in the U.S. and the West. And then there was the matter of the Jewish Antifascist Committee (JAC). Many of its "cosmopolitan" members had traveled extensively outside the USSR, and the vozhd ("the great leader") had become suspicious of this as well!
乐动体育APPSo by 1948, Stalin had become convinced that Israel and Jewish internationalists, including Russian Jews, were a threat to the Soviet State. He cautiously began his anti-cosmopolitanism campaign that soon developed a life of its own in Mother Russia, the land of pogroms and antisemitism.
Suddenly, all Jews were potential traitors, enemies of the Soviet state, spies in the service of American and British Intelligence. On Stalin's direct order Solomon Mikhoels (photo, left), leader of the JAC, was assassinated in Minsk in January 1948, and by August 12, 1952 virtually all of the members of JAC had been arrested and shot.
乐动体育APPAs Talleyrand so well stated, treason is only a matter of timing. And 1948 was that pivotal year, not only for the formulation of the Soviet Jewish question, but also for Stalin's belief that the old guard in the MGB (i.e., the feared Soviet repressive security organ and precursor to the KGB) and its Minister, Viktor S. Abakumov, could no longer be trusted.
The Soviet Security Organs — "Waiters in White Gloves, Ordinary Nincompoops"!
Viktor Abakumov, the former head of SMERSH (i.e., Russian acronym for "Death to Spies"; the counterintelligence, death-squad units) during World War II, knew too much. He was, like his predecessors, Nikolai Yezhov and Genrikh Yagoda, simply expendable now. He was arrested and charged with being a sympathizer and protector of the nonexistent, criminal Jewish underground — even though, just recently, Abakumov had arrested and wiped out the Jewish Antifascist Committee!
乐动体育APPThe once feared Abakumov (photo, right) was thrown unceremoniously in the pot, linked to the Jewish Doctors' Plot, and likewise accused of working for the American and British intelligence services!
For good measure, names of former communist officials previously involved in the "Leningrad Affair" were added to the developing plan and linked to the Jewish Doctors' Plot as well. These party officials had already been arrested in 1949 and then executed in 1950, simply because they had had the temerity of staging a trade fair in Leningrad without Stalin's permission!
乐动体育APPStalin believed that there was a malaise in Russia. The citizens of the USSR were becoming stagnant. The Russian people had been overcome with "thoughtlessness," losing sight of "wreckers" and failing to "unmask the enemies of the people" living in their midst. Even the members of the Politburo, his close inner circle, "could no longer see the enemy in front of their noses." Vyacheslav Molotov, Lavrenti Beria, Georgy Malenkov, Nikita Khrushchev, and Anastas Mikoyan — all had been dressed down at one time or another. Stalin even rhetorically asked them, the supposed "collective leadership": "When I am gone, the capitalists will drown you like blind kittens…what would you do without me? The country will perish because you do not know how to recognize enemies."
For their part, the MGB security officers had become merely "waiters in white gloves." And when the interrogations seemed to be going too slow, Stalin harangued the MGB Minister, Semyon Ignatiev (who had succeeded Abakumov) that the MGB "see nothing beyond their noses," and yelled, "If you want to be Chekists, take off your gloves. You are degenerating into ordinary nincompoops!" Stalin demanded and insisted that torture be used to obtain the necessary confessions. He sensed the clock was ticking, and that he needed results quickly.
"Criminal (Jewish) Doctors...Wreckers," and "Medical Saboteurs"
The trigger for the inception of the master plan against the Jewish physicians was the death on August 31, 1948 of A. A. Zhdanov (photo, below) from a heart attack. Stalin had already sacked and secretly disgraced Zhdanov, a leading member of the Politburo and Minister of Culture and the Arts. Zhdanov had fallen from grace because his son, Yuri Zhdanov, a young scientist, had openly criticized the Soviet geneticist, Trofim D. Lysenko, who was then in high favor with Stalin. The vozhd was still hoping that the charlatan Lysenko would deliver on his promise to produce a large harvest of the genetically engineered "potato-tomato" crop that would revolutionize Soviet agriculture.
Unhappily for Zhdanov's doctors, Dr. Lidia Timashuk, an MGB operative and EKG specialist in the Kremlin hospital, the Lechsanupra, wrote letters of denunciation to Stalin, alleging that Zhdanov's medical treatment was criminal. The Kremlin doctors led by Professor P. Yegorov were implicated in the letter. These physicians, as it turned out, were not Jewish but Russians, part of the Soviet nomeklatura乐动体育APP, which even included Stalin's personal physician, Professor V. N. Vinogradov.
But fortune had not smiled on the old venerable physician. Recently, Professor Vinogradov had had the temerity to recommend to Stalin that he should step down as head of government because of his failing health and high blood pressure, a grave mistake!
As the accusations mounted and the nightmare unfolded, imaginary plots were uncovered (under torture, of course) and members of the Soviet intelligentsia were arrested. Gradually the denunciations came to include the necessary Jewish physicians. Prestigious doctors, such as Sophia Karpai and Yakov G. Etinger, the latter the most eminent physician in Russia, were arrested. Dr. Etinger, both Jewish and outspoken, became the obvious and necessary link in the plan. But unfortunately for Stalin, Dr. Etinger died a few weeks later during interrogation and torture. His confession was incomplete and not credible.
乐动体育APPAnother Jewish physician had to be found. Dr. Sophia Karpai, a young cardiologist, became the next link in the plan, but the seemingly delicate, EKG specialist turned out to be a hard nut to crack. Incidentally, Dr. Karpai was the only doctor in this horrible nightmare who did not crack, even under intensive, prolonged, physical torture. (The other notable exception was Viktor Abakumov, who knew first hand that his confession would not help him.) Her failure to admit complicity in the nonexistent plot gave many doctors the time they needed to survive the ordeal.
Nevertheless, as Stalin's diabolical plan evolved, all through the period of July 1951 through December 1952, more and more people were caught in the net of denunciations in the Doctors' plot. And Stalin was careful to unwrap his master plan circumspectly, fostering the illusion of a slow, piece-by-piece collection of evidence being uncovered by the security police (MGB).
A "Pygmy" Terrorist at the Helm
Stalin also appeared to have conceptualized the full dimensions of his plan after the arrest of the prominent Jewish physician in 1951, which conveniently connected Dr. Etinger back in time, however tenuously, to both the Zhdanov (1948) and the Shchervakov (1945) cases.
A. S. Shchervakov was a party member who had died of a heart attack during the World War II Soviet Victory celebration in 1945. Nevertheless, his case provided another necessary link to the plot of the "medical saboteurs."
乐动体育APPPast closed cases, then, were no obstacle, and even the doctors who ministered to Maxim Gorky and his son were again denounced for having poisoned them in the 1930s. Stalin was trying to tell the people "there was a pattern to this deviltry," going back in time and extending into the future!
The torture and death of Dr. Etinger coincided with Abakumov's removal from office and arrest on July 12, 1951. The secret letter of the Central Committee (zakrytoe pismo乐动体育APP) in acceptance of Stalin's Doctors' Plot was a direct result of the MGB operative Mikhail D. Ryumin's letter of July 2 denouncing his boss Viktor Abakumov and the rest of the Jewish leadership in the MGB.
Mikhail D. Ryumin (photo, right) was a short, balding man with a paunch, who did not mind getting his hands dirty or bloody during interrogations. He had preserved his job in the MGB (where he was about to be fired for corruption and incompetence) by denouncing Abakumov. By that denunciation, Ryumin had provided Stalin with the evidence the vozhd needed to proceed with his master conspiracy plan.
乐动体育APPFollowing Abakumov's arrest, Ryumin quickly became Deputy Minister of the MGB and Head of the Investigative Unit. But Stalin was no fool, and recognized Ryumin for what he really was, calling him "pygmy." Nevertheless, from now on it would be MGB Deputy Minister Ryumin, who would be uncovering plots and extracting the necessary confessions, until he too (near the end of the conspiracy) was replaced by S. A. Goglidze, and both men eventually executed.
A Multi-Dimensional Conspiracy Conceived in Stalin's Mind
乐动体育APPOne could see the workings of Stalin's mind. Shortly after the death of Georgi Dimitrov, the communist leader of Bulgaria, Stalin was vacationing at Sochi, his favorite resort in the Black Sea. It was the winter of 1949 and he had a conversation with his friend, Minister of Health Security Yakov Smirnov. Stalin was in an unusually jovial mood showing his citrus fruit trees, when suddenly, he turned to Smirnov and said, "Isn't it strange, the same doctors treated Zhdanov and Dimitrov, and they both died?" Smirnov was shaken and tried to defend the doctors.
Not long after this incident, Minister Smirnov was sacked and arrested, enmeshed in the plot. But it is instructive of the workings of Stalin's mind that he was pondering the question of "medical sabotage" and "medical wrecking," two full years ahead of complete conceptualization. He needed time, though, to build his case, while remaining in the background, just as he did in the 1930s during the kangaroo trials. The working of his hands could not be seen until the very end.
The plot was not only multi-dimensional in time but also in space. Vertically it now extended up the chain of command to implicate the head of the MGB, Victor Abakumov, his deputies, and a slate of Jewish MGB officers, as well as the head of the Directorate of Kremlin Guards, Lieutenant General Nicolai S. Vlasik, who had been Stalin's loyal, longtime bodyguard. It extended back in time to include the already executed members of the "Leningrad Affair," A.A. Kuznetsov and N. A. Voznesensky (both shot in 1950). Horizontally, the plot expanded to include the imaginary Jewish underground, Jewish bourgeois nationalists, the medical wreckers, all controlled by the proverbial American and British intelligence services. And it was still expanding.
Ryumin's torture was yielding results. Dr. Yegorov, the Kremlin doctor and head of the Lechsanupra, was said to have sold out to Kuznetsov for a mess of pottage. Jews were said to have "wormed themselves into the MGB," and Stalin told Ryumin's new boss, MGB Minister 乐动体育APPSemyon D. Ignatiev (photo, left), that he "no longer trusted the old guard in the MGB." In other words more arrests were needed, the security organs needed to be further purged.
The Plot to Blow Up the Kremlin
乐动体育APPTo go from the strange to the bizarre, the MGB further uncovered the "Plan of the Internal Blow," an enemy plan confessed to by a newly arrived prisoner named Varfolomeyev. The prisoner was a White Russian arrested in China as a spy and brought to Moscow for interrogation at Lefortovo prison, the same prison where many of the doctors and MGB personnel were held.
Varfolomeyev claimed to be part of a plot hatched by American intelligence to blow up the Kremlin and the Soviet leadership. MGB interrogators did not believe him; time, people, and places did not add up. The MGB concluded that Varfolomeyev's side plot was implausible and contrived. But Stalin thought otherwise; it could be a useful addition to the Jewish conspiracy. He sternly told the MGB interrogators, "it was the job of the MGB to make it believable," and that the enemy plot needed to be weaved into the tapestry of the Doctors' Plot.
Stalin had to connect the dots and weave the threads is his own mind, and the MGB still had to do more of his bidding before he could reveal it to the Russian people. More months of denunciations and confessions followed. But by December of 1952 and January of 1953, Stalin was ready to act, and he ordered the arrest of the remaining doctors, mostly Jewish physicians, only tenuously connected to the alleged plot. Stalin called them "criminals in white coats." The vozhd ordered the MGB to "beat them with death blows," until they confessed of being part of his invented, world Jewish conspiracy.
Members of the Politburo were not privy to all of Stalin's intentions. He told an assistant, "If this matter is successful, I myself will tell them." And so the alleged Jewish Doctors' Plot (dyelo vrachey) was not revealed to the Politburo until November of 1952, and not to Russia and the rest of the world until January 1953, when it was announced in Pravda.
Conspiracies and Kangaroo Court Trials that Failed to Materialize
乐动体育APPThe trial against Viktor Abakumov and the MGB "nincompoops" (most of them, but not all of them, Jewish) was to take place in closed session, while the doctors' were to be used in open show trials to make the "thoughtless" nation aware of the vast conspiracy that was threatening Mother Russia. The trials were planned for late March 1953.
What was this final conspiracy? A vast plot by a Jewish underground network directed by the American and British intelligence services to annihilate the Kremlin leaders, including Comrade Georgy Malenkov (photo, left with Stalin From Life Magazine, 1953); Stalin, the vozhd乐动体育APP himself; Stalin's son, Vasili; and Stalin's daughter. Svetlana — and ultimately overthrow the Soviet government.
乐动体育APPHow this vast conspiracy was invented by Stalin and unraveled by the authors is the subject of this book. I don't want to reveal more of the fine interconnecting details of the plot because I don't want to spoil it by unwrapping the diabolical enigma contained within the dark recesses of Stalin's multi-dimensional mind. Suffice to say, the Jewish Doctors' Plot was an invention concocted by Stalin, and directed not only against the Jewish physicians but also against the Russian nation — for Stalin's own ulterior and political motives. It was not just anti-Semitism and paranoia. Stalin had wanted to unleash a new reign of terror in Russia and, perhaps, even commence World War III before his own health failed him.
Let us only say that Stalin had several conspiratorial threads and objectives going on simultaneously in his own mind. Only he was privy to how and when they would become interconnected in his master plan. These threads were separated in space and time, but they were meant to converge when the time to act was right. And then heads would begin to roll, and a new holocaust would engulf Russia and the world.
According to Dmitri Volkogonov in Stalin—Triumph and Tragedy (1991), the night before Stalin became ill, he inquired from Lavrenti Beria (photo, below) about the status of the case against the doctors and 乐动体育APPspecifically about the interrogation of Professor Vinogradov. Beria responded, "Apart from his other unfavorable qualities, the professor has a long tongue. He has told one of the doctors in his clinic that Comrade Stalin has already had several dangerous hypertonic episodes."
乐动体育APPStalin responded, "Right, what do you propose to do now? Have the doctors confessed? Tell Ignatiev [Minister of the MGB security organs] that if he doesn't get full confessions out of them, we'll reduce his height by a head." Beria reassured Stalin, "They'll confess. With the help of Timashuk and other patriots, we'll complete the investigation and come to you for permission to arrange a public trial." "Arrange it," Stalin, ordered. And so, to the last moments of his conscious life, Stalin was thinking of completing his sinister master plan. Only his death averted the unfolding catastrophe.
Why Unleash a Soviet Jewish Holocaust in 1953?
乐动体育APPStalin wanted not only to eliminate potential political opponents, but more grandiosely, to replicate the times of the great purges and the Red Terror, the terrible days of the 1930s. He needed to arouse the stagnant Soviet nation to action, the surveillance, and the terror, the "unmasking "of "wreckers, spies, and saboteurs," while exercising further his already absolute power. Stalin abided by the old revolutionary precept of Nikolai Chernyshevsky, subscribed to by Lenin himself: The worse the conditions of the people, the better. And illegitimate power can only be preserved in a climate of such fear and terror, in an atmosphere of perpetual crisis in which an autocrat must exert his iron hand of order and eliminate the real or imagined "enemies of the people."
Stalin was a master at creating such terrible conditions for the exertion, potentiation, and perpetuation of power. Fortunately for some of the doctors, the world, and the Russian people (although most of them did not appreciate it then) — it was the vozhd, who had run out of time! He was, after all, mortal. In the end, only Stalin's death on March 5, 1953 saved the doctors, the Jews, and possibly the world from an impending holocaust — and even a third World War!
After Stalin's death, Lavrenti Beria quickly (but briefly, as it turned out) took over the reins of Soviet power. He released the imprisoned doctors and MGB officers, who were been prepared for the trials (that never took place). The doctors were fully exonerated. Beria was embarking on a liberalization program, when in June 26, 1953 he was suddenly arrested (along with his close security personnel) and subsequently executed on December 23, 1953. Beria could not be trusted by the collective leadership. Eventually, Nikita Khrushchev emerged as the leader, and in 1956 after the 20th Communist Party Congress secret speech, he began his de-Stalinization program and admitted that the Doctors' Plot had been wholly and fully contrived by Stalin.
乐动体育APPI highly recommend this book for history buffs, Soviet scholars, and avid readers of Stalin and his time, as well as students and academicians in the field of the social and biological sciences. Doctors, nurses, and health personnel will be mesmerized with this book and pleased with the incorporation of the secret document entitled "The History of the illness of J. V. Stalin." This bonus material, summarized in the penultimate chapter, describes the clinical course of Stalin's final illness and death (March 1-5, 1953). As a final treat, this document adds forensic evidence to the lasting suspicion that Stalin was poisoned by members of his own inner circle, who also feared for their own lives.
乐动体育APPThe only detractions in this otherwise highly recommended book is that, at times, it is slightly repetitive, and although it is well-annotated and contains a nice index, glossary, and chronology, it has no illustrations — for which I have, regrettably, given it 4 stars rather than 5 in the Amazon Book Review section. The illustrations in this review are my own. Additionally, I have found that no book today is publishable without an obligatory claim to political "fairness," and so we find the following statements irksome and misplaced in an otherwise unblemished and moral book:
"While Jews in the Soviet Union were accused en masse of being 'a spying nation,' in the United States, Ethel, who was innocent, and Julius Rosenberg, who was guilty, were in prison sentenced to death for betraying the United States to the Soviets. As McCarthyism spread recklessly throughout American society, confusing authentic patriotism with demagoguery..."
乐动体育APPThese statements should have been omitted as misleading and as to tending to give moral equivalence to the plight of the Jews in both countries, a minor slip up, but needed to be pointed out. As the authors demonstrated, there was no comparison between the evil system of the USSR under Stalin and the American Republic under Dwight D. Eisenhower.
But these are minor detractions, and I again recommend the thoughtful readers of this website to hunt for this treasure and read it!
Reviewed by Dr. Miguel Faria
Dr. Miguel A. Faria, Jr. is a former Clinical Professor of Surgery (Neurosurgery, ret.) and Adjunct Professor of Medical History (ret.) Mercer University School of Medicine; Former member Editorial Board of Surgical Neurology (2004-2010); Recipient of the Americanism Medal from the Nathaniel Macon Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) 1998; Ex member of the Injury Research Grant Review Committee of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2002-05; Founder and Editor-in-Chief of the Medical Sentinel (1996-2002); Editor Emeritus, the Association of American Physicians and Surgeons (AAPS); Author, Vandals at the Gates of Medicine (1995), Medical Warrior: Fighting Corporate Socialized Medicine (1997), and Cuba in Revolution: Escape From a Lost Paradise (2002).
This article can be cited: Faria MA. The Jewish Doctors Plot — The Aborted Holocaust in Stalin's Russia! kutahyaevdeneve.com, August 3, 2012. Available from: http://www.kutahyaevdeneve.com/articles/jewish-doctors%E2%80%99-plot-...
A shorter and unillustrated version of this book review also appeared on Amazon.com. Moreover, the photographs used to illustrate this longer, exclusive essay for Hacienda Publishing, came from a variety of sources and do not necessarily appear in Brent's and Naumov's book, Stalin's Last Crime.
This article was featured in RealClearHistory.com on March 11, 2013.
Copyright ©2011 Miguel A. Faria, Jr., M.D.
乐动体育APP"Russia marks 60th anniversary of Stalin's death"
乐动体育APP"MOSCOW — Devotees of Soviet dictator Josef Stalin, whose brutal purges killed millions of innocent citizens and made his name a byword for totalitarian terror, flocked to the Kremlin to praise him for making his country a world power Tuesday, while experts and politicians puzzled and despaired over his enduring popularity.
"Communist Party chief Gennady Zyuganov led some 1,000 zealots who laid carnations at Stalin's grave by the Kremlin wall in Moscow, praising him as a symbol of the nation's ''great victories'' and saying that Russia needs to rely on this ''unique experience'' to overcome its problems.
"Stalin led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death on March 5, 1953. Communists and other hard-liners credit him with leading the country to victory in World War II and turning it into a nuclear superpower, while critics condemn his repressions. Historians estimate that more than 800,000 people were executed during the purges that peaked during the Great Terror in the late 1930s, and millions more died of harsh labor and cruel treatment in the giant Gulag prison camp system, mass starvation in Ukraine and southern Russia, and deportations of ethnic minorities...
Max Seddon, , March 6, 2013, The Boston Globe
乐动体育APPReply: As I stated in last year:
It is a frightening prospect that in 2008, a widely conducted poll in Russia found that the number one spot for "the Greatest Russian" went to Joseph Stalin, distant second and third place went to the legendary Aleksandr Nevsky, and surprisingly, the assassinated Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin (1911), who served under Nicholas II, the last Czar of Russia!
The Russian people must break away from the spell and divest themselves of the mistaken notion of the "good old days" of communism and nostalgia for "Stalin's greatness." Likewise, their elected leaders must rid themselves of their imperial ruling and authoritarian legacy. They must learn to follow the rule of law, serve well the people they represent, and respect civil liberties, while promoting economic liberty and the free market. The elections of March 4, 2012, could be a new beginning, even if Vladimir Putin is re-elected. There is still time for him to listen to the voice of reason and the dictates of freedom. Let us hope so! Hope should spring eternal because miracles still happen, even in Russia. Whoever expected the collapse of the evil empire and the fall of soviet communism in 1991?
In the meantime, I propose that Americans adopt a "wait and see" attitude, while we give moral support to those Russians who genuinely seek freedom and a brighter future for their country. The US would be wise to give moral support to the democratization process in Russia, while at the same time do all we can to remind and inform the world of the utter perversity of collectivism and authoritarianism, invariably and in any of their incarnations, whether fascism, socialism, or communism!
乐动体育APPRussian and American researchers, and historians from all over the world must continue to bring forth historic truths, as in the infamous cases of the Katyn forest massacre by the Russians, the murder of Raoul Wallenberg, the mass raping of German women by Red Army troops during the invasion of Germany and the assault on Berlin, deportation of Chechens and Tatars...
The evil legacy of collectivism, the politics of envy and class warfare hatred are still out there, ostensibly trying to force the equally evil prospect of false equality at the expense of real personal dignity and individual liberty that conquers all! — MAF


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Tissue Rights and Ownership: Is a Cell Line a Research Tool or a Person?
To doctors, the HeLa cell line is an invaluable tool in the treatment of disease; to the Lacks family, it is an invaluable piece of their mother. The HeLa cell line, the first "immortal" cell line, is the solution to overcoming many impediments in biomedical research, and a key tool in developing certain cures and drugs that have the potential to improve the lives of millions of people. That collection of cells derives from the Continue Reading →


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rosst necesitaba un nuevo diseño de logotipo y lanzó un concurso de diseño en 99designs.
Un ganador ha sido elegido entre 30 diseños de 16 diseñadores freelance.
** Our client is now looking at 3 of the logos as the potential winner so please don't create any new entries for this contest as we are now in the final selection stage. Only reworkings of logos still in contention are being presented to the client now, so I wouldn't want you to spend time working on a new logo that won't get a fair chance. Thanks for reading. **
Unleash Marketing
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Maybe blues based on the wave idea, but no absolute musts
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contemporary (but not so fashionable itÂ's out of date next year!), professional, motivating, involving, approachable and energetic. For use on the web and printed documents so should reduce to grayscale well.
Accepted File Formats:
The logo should be contemporary and convey the following feelings/ideas about the company: motivating, involving, approachable,energy. Will be used for web and print.
The name is Unleash Marketing as in unleashing the potential of businesses through marketing. We would like the logo to convey this message.
There will be two target markets for the business: SMEs and also Professional Organisations/Associations so the logo should also have a professional feel.
As mentioned before, we would like the logo to be contemporary (but not so fashionable its out of date next year!), motivating, involving, approachable and energetic.
We would like to investigate the possibility of using a wave or waves (i.e. ocean waves) within the logo to convey this message, but are not necessarily strictly tied to that.
Descubre cómo funciona un concurso de diseño u obtén más información sobre nuestros servicios de diseño de logo.


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Our roads are filled with terrible drivers and the driving test isn't helping anyone driver safter, better, or faster. What can you do to make yourself better behind the wheel?
Before you start to learn any technique, first put your phone down and stop texting. No matter how capable you are when you're focused, you're going to crash if you're not looking at the road. Cutting down on distraction is just step one. What else can you do to become a better driver?
(QOTD is your chance to address the day's most pressing automotive questions and to experience the opinions of the insightful insiders, practicing pundits, and gleeful gearheads that make up the Jalopnik commentariat. If you've got a suggestion for a good Question of the Day, send an email to tips at jalopnik dot com.)
Photo Credit: Lindsey Turner


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A fun and exciting alternative to the traditional diamond pendant, our designer pendant collection merges diamonds with a fresh design that lets you wear diamonds every day.
Worn singularly as a statement piece or worn with other jewellery, these designer pendants are available in a variety of shapes and sizes in order to make diamonds accessible to all ages.
The designer pendants make for the perfect gift for a loved one, or the best way to treat yourself. Affordable and fashionable; they are guaranteed to bring a smile to the face of the wearer.
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There are 10 different shapes to choose from to suit every personality and style. The Round Brilliant continues to be the world's most popular due to its fire, brilliance and classic look. If you are searching for something unique, opt for a fancy shape.
The size of a diamond is mainly influenced by its weight or carat (ct). Generally, the larger the carat weight the bigger the diamond. Carat is simply another unit of weight (where 1 carat is 0.2 grams).
This measure determines how much colour is in a diamond. It is considered better for the stone to have as little colour as possible so we recommend grade D to H for a whiter diamond.
The colour scale runs from D to Z, with D being the highest (whitest) grading. As you go down the scale toward Z the diamond develops a yellow or brown tint. The differences between D to G are barely visible to the naked eye but can offer 20 to 40% better value. For a yellow or rose gold setting, you can be more flexible and opt for a colour such as J as they metal colour 'hides' the color tint of the diamond.
This grade measures the amount of imperfections in the diamond. We recommend you purchase an 'eye clean' diamond, meaning grade VS2 and above, where imperfections are not visible to the naked eye and would require magnification to be seen.
Flawless and Internally Flawless diamonds are extremely rare, so have premium prices. Although SI1 and SI2 are in general not eye-clean, the impurities may be light in colour or scattered and so in up to 20% of cases, SI1 graded diamonds may appear to be eye-clean. That number falls to just 5% for SI2s
All our diamonds are independently certified from one of the world's leading labs. Always ensure you are purchasing an independently certificated diamond to validate its quality, as many diamond retailers self-certify.
Above, we have listed the organisations in order of reliability and strictness. GIA is the most reliable certification body and sets the benchmark for the diamond industry. For example, HRD graded stones can appear to be about one colour grade lower than GIA and an EGL graded stone, can be up to four colour grades lower than GIA.
Carat weight is one of the fundamental factors in determining the price of a diamond. Opting for a 0.90ct diamond can offer 10-20% better value than a 1ct diamond of the same quality and looks almost the same in size.
You do not need to select the highest quality to get something that is equally as beautiful. Colour G still looks white to the eye and can offer 20-40% better value than D. In most cases, there are no visible imperfections in VS2 diamonds and are priced lower than VVS2 upward. To the naked eye, there is little difference between very good and excellent cuts. Fancy shape diamonds also offer better value compared to round brilliants.
Often confused with a diamond shape, the cut actually determines how well the diamond sparkles. We recommend a cut grade of Excellent or Very Good as the sparkle for each grade looks similar to the naked eye.
The cut grading currently only applies to Round Brilliant diamonds as they are technically easier to measure in terms of light performance. Other shapes do not have an official cut grade, but 77 Diamonds provide an estimated cut grading based on equivalent parameters. An excellent cut grading will have the best light performance, mainly influenced by the relationship of surface table and the depth of the diamond (not too deep or too shallow).
This grade category indicates the overall condition of a finished diamond's facet surfaces. We recommend a polish grading of Excellent or Very Good to ensure a smooth finish.
After a diamond is cut, each facet must be polished. The process can leave surface scratches or marks. If a diamond has no scratches or very minor ones, the polish is of a high degree. Scratches, lines, burn marks created by excessive heat, or rough girdles could downgrade the polish rating of a diamond.
This grade category considers the evenness of a diamond's outline according to its shape category, as well as the placement and proportions of its facets. We recommend a symmetry grading of Excellent or Very Good to maximise sparkle.
When the facets of a diamond are well balanced and aligned, the stone has symmetry, which is critical to creating optimal brilliance and scintillation. Errors in symmetry include facets that are not properly aligned, improperly shaped facets, or an off-centre table reduce brilliance.
Diamonds that are said to be fluorescent contain particles that emit a visible (usually blue) glow when exposed to UV lighting. None is considered the best, followed by Faint, Medium, Strong and Very Strong, we recommend None to Medium.
In rare cases, high levels of fluorescence can make stones appear milky or hazy, although for the most part fluorescence does not generally impact beauty or sparkle and can even make some lower colours (I, J, K, L, etc.) appear more colourless or white. Nonetheless, fluorescent diamonds are usually cheaper and provided the effect is not readily visible may offer good value for money.
The ratio denotes how the formation of a diamond's shape. A round diamond has a ratio of approximately 1, but the larger the ratio, the longer and thinner a diamond shape will become.
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Who owns Qwest's headquarters building?
Qwest said Friday that it won't renew the existing lease on its headquarters.
The company, however, would not disclose who owns the building, citing a confidentiality agreement with the owners.
Property records show that the land is owned by Mile High Remainderman Limited and the building, constructed in 1982, is owned by Resources Capital Management.
Remainderman doesn't show up on a search of the Colorado Secretary of State's website. A search for "Resources Capital Management" turns up "CAPITAL MANAGEMENT RESOURCES, LLC." The registered agent for Capital Management Resources is attorney Doug Brown.
Brown didn't return a call late Friday, and I just reached out to him again today to see whether Capital Management Resources is connected to the building at 1801 California St.
Qwest is negotiating a new lease with the owners and appears to want – or need – just roughly half the space it is currently occupying. It would be nice to hear from the other side of the negotiating table.
The existing agreement gives Qwest the rights to the high-profile signage atop the 52-story structure, but requires the company to lease the entire 1.3 million-square-foot building.
What company could displace Qwest as the main tenant in the building and take over perhaps the most prominent display in downtown Denver?
That company wouldn't necessarily need to employ 2,600 in Denver, which is Qwest's current headcount at the building. (At that headcount, Qwest is only using 850,000 square feet of the building, subleasing the rest).
The building's owners could sell the "signage rights." A law firm leased only eight and a half floors of a 52-story building in L.A., but also secured the signage rights, according to this WSJ story from 2002.
Qwest could do something similar, which wouldn't be surprising since it could be expensive to replace the Qwest sign. The WSJ article states that the costs could run in the "mid six figures" to create and put up a new sign for a tower.
But what if a local company like EchoStar or TeleTech wanted to take over the high-profile signage? It could make sense for EchoStar to place its DISH brand on the Denver skyline.
Boston Properties reportedly paid $1.5 million in 2008 for the signage rights of the 59-story Citigroup Center, one of the tallest skyscrapers in New York City.
Qwest's existing lease expires June 30, 2012.


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How to get to Zaragoza
Getting to Zaragoza is easy. The capital of the Region of Aragon has a strategic location in Spain, almost equidistant (some 300 km) from other major cities such as Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia and Bilbao. This means there are various different ways to get here.
Points of interest
By road Zaragoza's road connections include the AP-2 (to Barcelona) and AP-68 (to Bilbao) motorways, the A-2 motorway (to Madrid), the A-23 Mudéjar motorway and the N-330 (Levante to France motorway via Zaragoza) and the N-232 (linking Santander, Logroño, Zaragoza and Vinaroz) national roads. Zaragoza also has two ring roads: the Z-40 ring road and the Z-30, which gives improved access to the various districts. The city has a bus station inside the Zaragoza Delicias transport depot, where various passenger transport companies offer services which connect to a wide range of destinations.
Points of interest
На самолете
The International Airport is 10 kilometres from Zaragoza, with scheduled services to Spanish and European cities. You can reach the centre from the airport quickly using a taxi (the fare is about €25), and by bus (€1.85).
Points of interest
На автобусе
The city has a modern multi-transport depot, Zaragoza Delicias Intermodal Station, which can be reached from the centre in a few minutes on various city bus routes.
Points of interest
На поезде
Zaragoza is connected by high-speed train (AVE) to Madrid (approximately 1 hour 20 minutes travel time), Guadalajara Yebes, Calatayud, Tardienta, Lleida, Huesca, Barcelona and Camp de Tarragona. The Malaga-Barcelona and Barcelona-Seville AVE lines also make a stop in Zaragoza. The city has a modern multi-transport depot, Zaragoza Delicias Intermodal Station, which can be reached from the centre in a few minutes on various city bus routes. Zaragoza also has intercity rail services to major cities in Spain, and regional rail services. Renfe Spain Pass This pass allows non-residents to travel around Spain by train. This system is very practical, as it can be used on all AVE long-distance and mid-distance high-speed trains. The Renfe Spain Pass is valid for one month from the first trip and comes in two formats (Business/Club and Tourist). It can be purchased up to six months in advance, and is available for 4, 6, 8 or 10 journeys. More information: Renfe Spain Pass


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Outside of your home, one of the biggest investments that you are likely to make will be your vehicle. The best way to protect that investment from the outside elements is with Coast to Coast Carports in Illinois. Here at Coast to Coast we have the best metal carports in Illinois that you can find. Our facility provides quality, deluxe carports which can be custom manufactured to your specifications. We offer twelve different colors and trim. With your Illinois metal carport you will never again have to scrape a windshield or burn your hands on a piping hot steering wheel.
Some of the features that we offer on our metal carports in Illinois include a twenty year warranty (on our 12 gauge products) good on rust through of framing on roofing material assuming normal user care and maintenance. We even offer free delivery and installation on your property. Illinois metal buildings are available in a wide selection for your various needs.
Coast to Coast Carports builds steel buildings all over the country, however each state has specific building needs and codes. Carports in Illinois are available with components that comply with local codes and area needs. Coast to Coast builds metal buildings in Illinois with Illinoisans in mind.
Any carport deals in Illinois will be listed here.


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Effective Date: 3/1/2011
(a) Intervention of Right. On timely motion, the court must permit anyone to intervene who:
(1) is given an unconditional right to intervene by a statute; or
(2) claims an interest relating to the property or transaction that is the subject of the action, and is so situated that disposing of the action may as a practical matter impair or impede the movant's ability to protect its interest, unless existing parties adequately represent that interest.
(b) Permissive Intervention.
(1) In General. On timely motion, the court may permit anyone to intervene who:(A) is give a conditional right to intervene by a statute; or(B) has a claim or defense that shares with the main action a common question of law or fact.(2) By a Government Office or Agency. On timely motion, the court may permit a federal or state governmental officer or agency to intervene if a party's claim or defense is based on:(A) a statute or executive order administered by the officer or agency; or(B) any regulation, order, requirement or agreement issued or made under the statute or executive order.(3) Delay or Prejudice. In exercising its discretion, the court must consider whether the intervention will unduly delay or prejudice the adjudication of the original parties' rights.
(c) Notice and Pleading Required.
(1) Procedure. A motion to intervene must be served on the parties as provided in Rule 5. The motion must state the grounds for intervention and be accompanied by a pleading that sets out the claim or defense for which intervention is sought. The same procedure must be followed when a statute gives a right to intervene.
(2) Constitutional Question. A party questioning the constitutionality of a legislative act affecting the public interest in an action in which neither the state nor any agency or officer is a party must notify the attorney general. On timely motion, the court must permit the attorney general to intervene on behalf of the state.
Rule 24 was amended, effective March 1, 1990; March 1, 1994; March 1, 2011.
Rule 24 is derived from Fed.R.Civ.P. 24
Rule 24 was amended, effective March 1, 2011, in response to the December 1, 2007, revision of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The language and organization of the rule were changed to make the rule more easily understood and to make style and terminology consistent throughout the rules.
Subdivision (a) was amended, effective March 1, 1990. The amendment is technical in nature and no substantive change is intended.
Subdivision (c) was amended, effective March 1, 1994, to provide that a party challenging the constitutionality of a state statute must notify the attorney general of the lawsuit.
SOURCES: Joint Procedure Committee Minutes of September 25, 2008, page 20; October 29-30, 1992, page 9; April 20, 1989, page 2; December 3, 1987, page 11; September 20-21, 1979, page 18; Fed.R.Civ.P. 24.
CROSS REFERENCE: N.D.R.Civ.P. 5 (Service and Filing of Pleadings and Other Papers), and N.D.R.Civ.P. 19 (Joinder of Persons Needed for Just Adjudication).


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Object Results
record 1 of 1
View: text list image & label object description
George Inness
American, 1825 - 1894
Early Moonrise in Florida, ca. 1892-1893
American Painting
Oil on canvas
24 3/8 x 36 1/4 in. (61.9 x 92.1 cm), without frame
George Eastman Collection of the University of Rochester, 36.61
Currently on View
Portfolios in which this object can be found
About the Object
For George Inness, an adherent of the mystical Swedenborgian faith, landscape elements and colors had specific symbolic qualities. For example, he wrote that the moon is a 'natural emblem of faith,' reassuring the faithful that divine light still exists even though it is not directly visible in the night sky. In Inness's philosophical system, blue is the color of faith.
[Gallery label text, 2007]


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My Satellite radio stopped orbiting after 1500 miles. It would show Linking,but never would. They replaced the satellite Base unit to no avail. BMW is sending a new radio with hope of sending my satellite radio back into orbit and function. We shall see.
My Ipod is still a no go. Perhaps the new radio will allow it to work more than 25 minutes before it shows no USB connection and becomes silent. I'am using the BMW 2/1 Auxilary Cable/USB cable that is necessary to access the USB function on the radio. Again.we will see.
That is all..........
PS,still the nicest motorcycle I have ever owned.


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Dilys Gartside
Dilys Gartside
Having been discouraged from cycling as a child, at aged 10 Dilys learnt to cycle on a friend's bike. Her head was turned from car to cycle at Law College and at 26 bought her first bike, commuting to work for a decade and disregarding jokes and jibes about inappropriate behaviour for a female solicitor in Thatcher's 1980s.
She continued her 'inappropriate behaviour' when raising a family: 'sharing lifts' meant going by bike. Dilys taught many children to ride under the Council's cycling proficiency scheme but, her offer to do more being declined, she retrained to National Standard and set up CycleWise in 2005, going full-time with it in 2008. She teaches in schools and also adults with and without learning difficulties.
She regularly writes on cycling in her local paper: as media co-ordinator for Southampton Cycling Campaign, she goes on local radio and challenged BBC ladies to ride 'Five Miles to Fabulous' making it the largest such event in the country in 2008. In November, she persuaded BBC1 to choose her road from a nationwide search to find a street willing to go car free and make a documentary exploring alternative modes of transport; as part of the programme, she taught her neighbours to cycle and her passion for cycling is infectious - one neighbour told the producer he could make the documentary about Dilys alone!
She advises highway engineers on local road schemes and participated in a study tour of Holland's cycling infrastructure in May, giving talks and presentations at events such as the Go Green Fair.


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Who are you?
That was no doubt the question on the minds of both a 7-year-old girl and her father after The Who's Pete Townshend swore at the young lady during a performance of the band's rock opera, Quadrophenia, in Ontario on Feb. 19.
As seen in the above YouTube video, the legendary rocker became annoyed after seeing the girl hold up a sign that reportedly read, "Smash Your Guitar, Pete!"
U.S. & World
The day's top national and international news.
Justin Bieber won't be fined for late London show
"Go away with that sign please, just go away with it," Townshend said to them from the stage. "Don't bring your children [and] use them. I want to tell you two words, but I can't because you've got a child there."
He then seemed to mouth the words "f--k off."
Now Townshend, with the help of a local Toronto DJ, has issued a letter of apology to both father and daughter, the Toronto Sun reports.
"Apologies and condolences from my side, and very best wishes to you and your family," Townshen wrote. "I asked my friend Mike Tyler to find you so I could tell you that I am so sorry the story about us blew up the way it did, but also to tell you that I sympathize with you both, and your daughter's mother, and that I am most certainly not angry. I was not angry on stage either. I was in rock star mode, the big mouth."
Florence Welch stops concert midsong, climbs down into audience to break up fight
"I could have handled it differently," he noted. "I thought your placard was fun...I was also worried that your daughter looked a little frightened as the crowd started to follow you down the aisle. The ushers should not have let you leave your seats and walk forward. All that said, you did nothing wrong."
Townshend has reportedly made arrangements to personally meet with the father and daughter privately in April.


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|1 of 20
This page
The Accounting Historians Journal Vol. 17, No. 1 June 1990 John Richard Edwards CARDIFF BUSINESS SCHOOL, U.K. George Hammersley EDINBURGH, U.K. and Edmund Newell NUFFIELD COLLEGE, OXFORD, U.K. COST ACCOUNTING AT KESWICK, ENGLAND, c. 1598-1615: THE GERMAN CONNECTION Abstract: The growing literature on the history of cost and man-agement accounting has left virtually unexplored the developments prior to the British industrial revolution. Recently the business notebooks of Daniel Hechstetter, the German manager of an En-glish copper works from 1597 to 1633, have been transcribed and published, making available what is probably the most detailed set of business records for a British-based industrial enterprise in this period. This paper examines Hechstetter's background and role at Keswick, and translates a sample of the calculations into modern English. These calculations show that a number of modern cost accounting concepts and procedures were in use by c. 1600. The significance of this in relation to our understanding of the de-velopment of cost and management accounting is assessed, and it is shown that there is a strong case for claiming that German enterpreneurs involved in this enterprise were responsible for introducing a range of cost accounting techniques to Britain. It is evident from the growing number of published works on the subject that accounting and business historians are showing renewed interest in the origins of cost and management accounting. Furthermore, the findings of these studies are al-tering our understanding of the development of accounting procedures. For instance, until recently it was widely held that little or no progress was made in cost and management ac-counting in British industry before the end of the nineteenth century [e.g., E. Jones, 1981, pp. 111-16]. A growing body of evidence shows this view to be mistaken, and it is now accepted that a number of firms employed relatively sophisticated cost The authors are grateful to the Historische Kommission der Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften for permission to reproduce material from Ham-mersley, 1988, and thank two anonymous referees for their comments.


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HONEYLOVER OF THE MONTH: Susan
BEES RESCUED FROM: Water Meter in Marina del Rey!
SUSAN: "I am thoroughly enchanted with the bee world—-its history, organization, evolution with mankind, and tenacity in the city. Now, everywhere I go I talk about bees and beekeeping and converse with others about the importance of bees. I love how the bees complete a relationship I already had with botany and plants, food and animals—-a wider world all connected."
ROB (HoneyLove): "One of the things I love most about beekeeping is mentoring new-bees and getting to watch them fall in love with bees. It makes you fall in love all over again. Getting to experience this with Susan was especially great due to her tremendous passion, and capacity to learn and innovate. She has been one of the most active HoneyLovers, joining us at a spectrum of events, from our 2011 National Honey Bee Awareness Day, to our Honey Tasting workshop. Since then, Susan has been seen buzzing all over town, rescuing bees from every conceivable location and situation. I'm proud to say that Susan has become a tremendous beekeeper, mentor, and HoneyLover."


text: Ann Coulter turns 50 today! We didn't get her a gift since she's basically the worst, but Snakkle.com has put together a slideshow of Coulter's different looks throughout the years, coupled with some of her most notable quotes, such as, "Even Islamic terrorists don't hate America like liberals do. They don't have the energy. If they had that much energy, they'd have indoor plumbing by now." And there's more willfully ignorant racism where that came from! Take a careful look at the photos of Coulter's early years, and see if you can pinpoint the moment when she started priding herself on having a shriveled black thing in her chest where her heart's supposed to be.


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Product Description:
6" Aglaonema Romeo - Aglaonema are also known as Chinese evergreens. They are slow growing but can last decades. Aglaonema, Spathiphyllum and Dieffenbachia are in the same family. Chinese Evergreens prefer moderate to low light, do not put them in direct sunlight. Although new Elite varieties tolerate lower temperatures ideal temperatures are above 60 degrees. Aglaonema do best with moderate watering, do not let the soil dry out and do not over water. - Yellow leaves can mean under or over watering. For an accurate diagnosis call on the services of local professional interior landscape technicians.
Category Information:
|Plants - Growpot Size - 5-6" pots
|agreenplanet, Plants, ,agreenplanet, Plants, Growpot Size,Plants, Growpot Size, 5-6" pots
Item Number:


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So many of the foods we eat everyday are sprayed again and again with pesticides before landing on our table. There are a growing number of studies which have associated certain pesticides with increased cancer risk and with diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, especially amongst those with high exposures. In addition unborn children are especially vulnerable because pesticides have also been associated with birth defects.
What most people don't know is the connection between GMOs and pesticides: The surge in genetically engineered crops in the past few decades is one the main causes of the increasing use of pesticides and chemicals in agriculture. As a matter of fact, GE crops directly promote an industrial and chemical intensive model of farming harmful to people, the environment and wildlife.
Because of corporate pressure, millions like us are denied the right to know about where GMOs occur in the food chain. Mandatory GMO labelling is the rule in only a handful of countries. Giant ag firms insist that GMO crops are not harmful to humans, but the world simply doesn't have enough evidence to make that absolute claim. GMO crops have only gone mainstream in the past 20 years.
Beyond that, giant ag firms should not have the right to own the genetic makeup of a particular strain of corn or soy or, in essence, patent nature. We shouldn't accept a world where chemical giants go after small farmers because a patented seed accidentally blew into their field and transformed their crops. GMOs threaten the independence of farmers to provide food to us all be ensuring their sovereignty over what to grow.
Mandatory GMO labelling is the rule in 64 countries, but major markets like the United States, Canada, Argentina and most of continental Africa do not require it.
Monsanto is the world's top producer of GMO seeds, which are designed to resist the toxic weedkiller RoundUp, also sold by Monsanto. As a result, the use of toxic herbicides like Roundup has increased 15 times since GMOs were introduced. Glyphosate, the active ingredient of RoundUp, was reclassified as a probable carcinogen by the World Health Organization.
Pesticide use has increased by 404 million pounds from the time genetically engineered crops were introduced back in 1996.
Jump-start an eco-food revolution by sharing this page. Then click to see What You Can Do now.


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How to install Apache server on CentOS
Apache Server is an HTTP server that's available for many modern operating systems, including CentOS. It has an open source that's developed and maintained by the Apache Software Foundation, an open community of developers. Apache Server was originally based on HTTPd, which was developed by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications. Development on HTTPd stalled in 1995, and Apache Server quickly overtook HTTPd as the most popular HTTP server in the world. The procedure for installing Apache Server generally includes starting the server and testing the installation.
|Basic - 1 | Medium - 2 | Advanced - 3
|10 min
|CentOS-based VPS or dedicated servers
Here is a quick tutorial on how to install Apache server on CentOS. You must be logged in as root to complete these steps.
Install the server
Apache Server is typically installed on CentOS by default. Install it manually with the following command:
Configure the apache service to start each time your machine boots with this command:
Your screen should like the following screenshot at this point:
Start the server
Start Apache Server with the following command:
Test the server
Go to http://localhost in your web browser. You should see an Apache test page if you have installed Apache Server correctly. The Apache test page for CentOS appears as follows:


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Discussion in 'FINISHED SPACE BIKES' started by Wildcat, Feb 28, 2009.
It still needs a few small things, but it is done.
very nice! i like that wood tank and the stars theme carried throughout the whole bike!
Easy E
Like it! CLEAN and mean.
The more I look at it, the more I don't like the tank. And I spent a lot of time on that tank.
Without the tank:
I really like the stars on the forks, reminds me of a JCH. Beautiful!
Man all that star power i hope your bike lets you ride it, ya know with all that star ego :mrgreen:
Thanks, I actually got the idea from my JCH.
I really love this one. Those frames are sweet.
And the tank board was FANTASTIC! Wish you had kept it,
but I know how we will always be our own worst critics. :wink:
Great resurrection! :mrgreen:
I agree with JoeyMac... Love the tank!
just thought of something, what if the star shapes were cut out of the board the same way they are cut out of the sprocket? That might look cool too. Just sayin.
Looks good. I would try cutting out the stars on the tank plate.
I picked up a small jigsaw at the thriftstore last month, so I guess it'll get a workout on the tank. I'll need a week or two, as the next couple weekends are filled with activities, this weekend my ratboat gets it's trailer modified to fit the "new" configuration,
then next weekend it's the Concours D'elegance big car show. I'm tasked to provide a needed service there for insurance purposes, and I plan to show up on my Clubman and avoid the parking hassles.
I had thought of cutting out the stars when I first imagined the starcruiser, but the time needed before the deadline ruled it out. Now it seems like a much better idea, and I've got another idea to add also. And I might go back to the color I wanted before they ran out.
I did have a problem with the Starcruiser that was never resolved. The seat stem isn't the right size. No stem I have is the right size, and I've got a dozen of them. Would the Coast King bike have a peculiar size? The frame didn't look tampered with, and I didn't get the original stem with it. All the stems I have that should fit are a tiny bit too small in diameter. I may just have to make up a sleeve to get it right.
Wildcat, that is a very sweet looking ride. It does look similar to Goldy! The fork crown looks the same and the holes in the head tube are identical to the Ross bicycles at my house. Does the serial number start with an R? My dad has two Ross bikes and they both have a serial number that starts with an R. Again, nice looking bike.
I couldn't find a serial number. Where is it on your Ross bikes? Maybe we can compare and figure out the year of our bikes or come close.
I think there may be something under the cranks that showed up after I painted but I don't want to scrape the paint off if there's a different place for the serial numeber.
The serial number is under the crank. It sounds like you'll have difficulty seeing the engraving. Are those 20" tires? If so, I'd say your bike looks very close to a Ross Barracuda.
Those are 26 inch tires. Someone had posted their Coast King Riviera on another thread, viewtopic.php?f=16&t=13208#p132997
and I'm pretty sure thats what it is. Probably made by Ross.
I'm hacking up the wood tank now.
what make of frame is that? it looks like my bike which I can't identify...
It didn't have a name on it, but I finally found the serial number, it starts with an R. The numbers are small compared to other bikes serial numbers. The original sprocket and everything else looks like Ross, so I would be confident in saying it's a Ross. Did you get a look at the Coast King Riviera mentioned earlier? I believe that's the same bike, made by Ross for the department stores. This is the original sprocket:
Here's the Coast King Riviera thread:
Can you post a pic of your bike?
I'm going to post a full set of pics in my bike build thead tomorrow, thanks man.
I POSTED PICS OVER IN THE BIKE BILD SECTION...UNDER "mY FIRST BUILD...EVER"
Separate names with a comma.


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Developmental Disabilities
The Foundation supports an array of programs that historically has supported housing, life skills and supportive employment programs. The intended impact of the Foundation's funding is for individuals in the Chicago metropolitan area with developmental disabilities to experience a higher quality of life and increased self-determination through success in their work, comfort in their home and satisfaction across the varied stages of their lives. As vocational and residential outcomes are central to achieving this vision, Foundation funding concentrates in these areas. Foundation funding strategies are intended to enable grantees who serve such individuals to discern their vocational and residential goals and facilitate the efforts to achieve them. Individuals who have options for both housing and employment opportunity are more likely to achieve higher quality of life and greater self-determination.
In recent years, the Foundation has developed a focus on catalyzing collaboration between organizations that serve individuals with developmental disabilities. Significant financial and staff resources have been deployed to establish and support Intersect for Ability, a collaborative network of eleven agencies located in the Chicago Metropolitan area that serve individuals with developmental disabilities. This group has worked to develop programming for professional development for staff; programs to aid in transitions between life stages; and efforts to expand meaningful employment for individuals with disabilities. By advancing these programs through collaboration, Intersect for Ability is emerging as a leader in resource development for the local disability community.
The Foundation's Impact Plans should inform potential grantees as to the particular strategies the Foundation seeks to fund. The Foundation welcomes potential grantees to review the Developmental Disabilities Impact Plan to determine the best possible strategy to meet the Foundation's intended impact. Potential grantees should also review the grantmaking process which is available on this website to assess the appropriate fit for submitting a letter of inquiry, as the first approach to the Foundation.


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NEW YORK (AP) - The plaintiffs in a legal fight over emergency contraceptives complained Wednesday that the government has fallen short with its proposal to comply with a judge's order to lift all restrictions on sales of the drugs.
President Barack Obama's administration had notified U.S. District Judge Edward Korman earlier this week it had decided to reverse course and comply with his order to make morning-after pills available to buyers of any age without prescriptions.
Lawyers for women's rights advocates, in a letter filed in federal court in Brooklyn on Wednesday, argued that the plan is flawed in part because it limits the unrestricted sales to the Plan B one-pill version of the drug. They said the judge ruled the two-pill version must be available as well.
'Women are not fooled by the Administration's latest move which continues to unnecessarily restrict access to a safe and effective form of birth control,' one of the lawyers, Andrea Costello, said in a statement. 'It's a political choice to put only the most expensive product over the counter and not comply with the court's order to make two-pill emergency contraceptives available without restriction.'
The Department of Justice, in its court filings this week, has claimed that its proposal 'fully complies with the district court's judgment in this action.' It also has offered to voluntarily drop an appeal of the judge's order if he signs off on the plan to fast-track the Food and Drug Administration's approval of unrestricted Plan-B sales.
It was unclear when the judge would respond to the latest exchange in the long-running legal dispute over access to morning-after pills. His office has declined to comment.
The judge has been critical of the government's previous attempts to prohibit over-the-counter sales to teenagers, calling the efforts 'politically motivated, scientifically unjustified and contrary to agency precedent.' He also found that there was no legal basis to deny the request to make the drugs widely available.
The morning-after pill contains a higher dose of the female hormone progestin than is in regular birth control pills. Taking it within 72 hours of rape, condom failure or just forgetting regular contraception can cut the chances of pregnancy by up to 89 percent, but it works best within the first 24 hours. If a girl or woman already is pregnant, the pill, which prevents ovulation or fertilization of an egg, has no effect.
The FDA was preparing in 2011 to allow over-the-counter sales of the morning-after pill with no limits when Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius overruled her own scientists in an unprecedented move. White House officials have claimed that the FDA and the Department of Justice were acting independently of the White House in deciding how to proceed.


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Advanced Search
Amazon Web Services (AWS) has picked up another security accreditation from the federal government, which should allow it to further penetrate the public sector with its popular infrastructure services, as well as give it more credibility with businesses.
The U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) last week gave Amazon the green light with its Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) Moderate level authorization and accreditation.
"The door is now open for a much wider range of U.S. government agencies to use AWS as their cloud provider," said AWS evangelist Jeff Barr in a blog post. "Based on detailed security baselines established by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), FISMA Moderate certification and accreditation required us to address an extensive set of security configuration and controls."
The accreditation covers Amazon's Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), Simple Storage Service (S3) and Virtual Private cloud services and their associated infrastructures, the company said.
Amazon's security and compliance framework already covered FISMA Low, PCI DSS Level 1, FIPS 140-2, ISO 27001 and SAS-70 type II, and is set up to comply with HIPAA regulations.
Posted by Jeffrey Schwartz on September 19, 2011 at 11:58 AM
Here's your guide to all the IT training sessions, partner meet-ups and annual Microsoft conferences you won't want to miss.
Microsoft is aiming to become "carbon negative" by 2030 thanks to a companywide carbon-reduction initiative it announced on Thursday.
The first "stable" release of Microsoft's Chromium-based Edge browser is now commercially available, Microsoft announced on Wednesday.
The 10-year-old Windows 7 operating system fell out of support this week on Jan. 14, 2020, marking the end of an era.
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Illinois Democratic Gov. Pat Quinn holds up the signed Illinois Religious Freedom Protection and Civil Union Act during standing-room-only ceremonies this afternoon in Chicago. Applauding behind Quinn is openly-gay State Rep. Gregory Harris, who introduced the bill in the House and made the signing ceremony announcement last week on Facebook.
"We believe in civil rights, and we believe in civil unions," Quinn said. "We believe in liberty and justice for all."
Watch ABC Chicago's report, AFTER THE JUMP ...
More from the Sun-Times:
The new law provides more than 650 spousal benefits and protections. If you enter a civil union, you can now visit your loved one in the hospital to make medical decisions and not be turned away. You can take time off to care for your partner and not lose your job," Attorney General Lisa Madigan said. "You can build and protect your family. This legislation represents a giant step toward equality."
Illinois becomes the sixth state to allow civil unions. Five states and the District of Columbia recognize same-sex marriages. The law will take effect on June 1.
Watch ABC Chicago's report, AFTER THE JUMP ...


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A detailed view of the Green Lantern rollercoaster from the series "The Architecture of Amusement", which captures the architecture found in amusement parks.
Photo ID: COLARCHAMUS-2041
Print Sizes:
Edition Type: Limited edition print
Categories: Amusement Parks Photos Limited Edition Prints Photos of Rollercoasters Architectural Details Architectural Photography New Jersey Photography Street Photography
Fine Art Prints: Our fine art prints are renowned for their clarity and detail. High-definition large-scale prints on paper or metal are available up to 150 inches wide.
Mounting + Framing: We offer acrylic float-mounted, float-framed, and matted / framed prints with a broad selection of solid wood and metal frames.
Image Licensing: A selection of our ultra high-resolution images are available for editorial and commercial use.


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MADACC announces new executive director
The Milwaukee Area Domestic Animal Control Commission announced new leadership Wednesday.
The commission said that Karen Sparapani will serve as MADAAC's executive director beginning in mid-February.
"I am thrilled to have the opportunity to be a part of an organization with a strong history of protecting animals and serving Milwaukee County," Sparapani said.
Sparapani has served as executive director of the Elmbrook Humane Society in Brookfield since 2008. She originally joined EBHS as community outreach director in 2006.
"There is no question that Ms. Sparapani's experience, skills, training and deep dedication to animal welfare will be tremendous assets to MADACC," said Ron Hayward, president of the MADACC Board of Directors. "We are delighted that she has agreed to come onboard."
MADACC provides animal regulation and care services to animals in Milwaukee County, caring for nearly 13,000 animals each year.


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IMF Staff Papers, Volume 55, No. 3
- Mundell-Fleming Lecture: Exchange Rate Systems, Surveillance, and Advice
- Estimation of De Facto Exchange Rate Regimes: Synthesis of the Techniques for Inferring Flexibility and Basket Weights
- Exchange Rate Policy Attitudes: Direct Evidence from Survey Data
- Fear of Declaring: Do Markets Care What Countries Say About Their Exchange Rate Policies?
- A Micro-Empirical Foundation for the Political Economy of Exchange Rate Populism
- Global Rebalancing with Gravity: Measuring the Burden of Adjustment
Global Rebalancing with Gravity: Measuring the Burden of Adjustment
- International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
- Published Date:
- August 2008
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Free information booklets and CDs
Order or download free, reliable information that is easy to understand. Our booklets cover signs and symptoms, diagnosis, cancer types, treatments and living with cancer.
Find information, articles and activities relevant to you.
If you're struggling to find what you need, call our Support line on 0808 808 0000 (7 days a week, 8am-8pm)More ways to contact us
Watch videos about emotional and practical aspects of living with cancer including living with cancer and another disability.
Find videos about some of the feelings you might have during your cancer journey and advice on talking to family and friends.
Find videos about common practical issues like lifestyle changes, finances, work and travel.
Find videos about coping with cancer when you have an additional physical or learning disability.
Try our YouTube channel or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Please tell us what you think about our videos. If you would like to comment about one video in particular, please make sure you tell us which video.
Order or download free, reliable information that is easy to understand. Our booklets cover signs and symptoms, diagnosis, cancer types, treatments and living with cancer.
Visit The Source and search for tips to help you support someone with cancer.
Meeting new people is one of the best things about volunteering. Browse our volunteering opportunities and see if it could open doors for you.
What's happening near you? Find out about support groups, where to get information and how to get involved with Macmillan where you are.
Read Imogen's blog about her experience as a Macmillan support line volunteer. She highlights the benefits of talking about cancer and looks at some of the different ways people can start talking.
If you've just joined the Community and aren't sure where to start, this is the group for you. Tell us what brings you here, and don't be afraid to ask questions. Someone will be on hand to welcome you and point you in the right direction.
We rely on a number of sources to gather evidence for our information. If you'd like further information on the sources we use, please feel free to contact us on: email@example.com
All our information is reviewed by cancer or other relevant professionals to ensure that it's accurate and reflects the best evidence available. We thank all those people who have provided expert review for the information on this page.
Our information is also reviewed by people affected by cancer to ensure it is as relevant and accessible as possible. Thank you to all those people who reviewed what you're reading and have helped our information to develop.
You could help us too when you join our Cancer Voices Network – find out more at: http://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancervoices
Need to talk? Call us free* 0808 808 00 00 7 days a week, 8am-8pm
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We make every effort to ensure that the information we provide is accurate and up-to-date but it should not be relied upon as a substitute for specialist professional advice tailored to your situation. So far as is permitted by law, Macmillan does not accept liability in relation to the use of any information contained in this publication or third party information or websites included or referred to in it.


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Music Careers
Most people struggle to create a career in music. They simply don't know how to get from where they are to where they want to be. In order to create a music career, you'll have to understand the details and know what to expect. In other words, you'll need a road map. Use this site as a resource and a training center. We want to help make you a success!
Select from these music careers, sorted by most popular.
Some people are not sure why they might attend a music school? After all, plenty of musicians (and non-musicians) develop music careers without the aid of attending a music college. The reason is simple: learn your craft quickly, and from experts. Also, surrounding yourself with others who have the same passions and goals as you do is powerful. It creates momentum. It secures your identity as someone who will have a music business career.
Getting the music school training you need can help launch your music career because it reduces the often inefficient time we spend trying to learn a skill on our own. For example, it's much more efficient for many people to get an audio engineer job after they have attended a music school to learn the trade, than to find the job with little or no prior experience and training. In short, attending a school or college can really propel your career in music.
Career Search
What do you want to become?
Is your school looking for Education Lead Generation assistance? We can help. Please contact Generation-Z.


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Anna B. G. Dunlop SCOTTISH COMMITTEE ON ACCOUNTING HISTORY
A copy of De Morgan's Arithmetical books from the invention of printing to the present time dated 1847 in the Antiquarian Collec-tion of The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland contains the passage: "The most worthless book of a bygone age is a record worthy of preservation. Like a telescopic star, its obscurity may render it unavailable for most purposes; but it serves, in hands which know how to use it, to determine the places of more im-portant bodies."
Although the number of books published since then has made us more selective today, there is still a lot of truth in that comment. All types of accounting records are potential sources of economic and accounting history. Each type (manuscripts, company records and statements, and published books) has value and should be carefully preserved.
Manuscript Materials
Manuscript accounting material may have considerable side-value, for social or political history. As R. Waldron said recently in his article, "The Necessity of Preserving Accounting Records":
"Accountants . . . are . . . the diarists of their time".
Old manuscript accounts may also aid language studies. A strik-ing example of this was a Scots tailor's MS account book dated 1629 in the Scottish Institute's Antiquarian Collection. This was lent for several months to the staff of the Scottish National Diction-ary of the old Scots language, at Edinburgh University. At that time the dictionary project had been going for 30 years; yet this book yielded 200 more "new" old words: it was full of tailors' jargon.
*Based upon a paper delivered at the Second World Congress of Accounting Historians.


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Landmark in Hopkinsville, KY
This photo was taken from the parking area at Lorenzo Johnson's Body Shop. The bridge in the foreground crosses the train tracks on Walnut Street.
I visited Lorenzo's shop a few times in recent weeks because Isaac's car was there. We had a bit of bad luck with it. Shortly after we purchased the car, we took it to Frank, our mechanic, to check it over. While the car was at Frank's garage, someone backed into it in the parking lot! Fortunately, Frank was headed for lunch at that very moment, witnessed the accident, and stopped the driver as he was about to drive off.
Sometimes, unexpected little complications seem to fill my life. But this complication did include an unexpected opportunity to photograph the grain elevators from a less-familiar angle.


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In addition to her goal, Goodman-Bacon contributed on the defensive end to help Harvard post the shutout (photo courtesy David Silverman).
ITHACA, N.Y.-Senior co-captain Elizabeth Goodman-Bacon scored the game's lone goal early in the second half to lift the Harvard field hockey team to a 1-0 road win against Cornell Saturday afternoon at Dodson Field.
Freshman Cynthia Tassopoulos made eight saves to earn the first shutout of her career and help the Crimson (5-7, 2-2 Ivy League) even its conference record. Goodman-Bacon scored in the fifth minute of the second half. Following a penalty corner, she took a pass from sophomore Carly Dickson at the right post and tipped the ball past Cornell goalie Melanie Jue for her second goal of the season.
Tassopoulos made four saves in each half, while Jue stopped two in the first half and three in the second. Goodman-Bacon got another ball past Jue later in the second half, but Stephanie Sanders made a defensive save to keep the Big Red (8-3, 2-2) in the game. Cornell held a 15-10 edge in shots and a 9-5 advantage in penalty corners.
The win lifted the Crimson into a tie with Cornell for third place in the Ivy League standings. Harvard handed Cornell just its second loss in 12 home games since the Big Red made Dodson Field its home field at the start of last season.


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Filing starts for primaries for Kane County positions
A longtime friend of Kane County Board Chairman Chris Lauzen is running for a county board seat against incumbent Melisa Taylor, who had supported Lauzen in his bid for the chairmanship.
Bill Lenert, who graduated with Lauzen in 1970 from Marmion Military Academy, filed his petitions Monday at the Kane County clerk's office, as did Taylor.
Taylor was one of the most vocal supporters for Lauzen during his run to become Kane County Board chairman one year ago. She also worked on Lauzen's campaign team when he ran for Congress.
Taylor said she has no doubt Lauzen recruited Lenert to run against her because she has publicly questioned some of Lauzen's initiatives during his first year as chairman.
"I'm angry, and I'm sad," Taylor said. "Mr. Lenert is a nice guy, but this will cause division in the Sugar Grove community. Chris doesn't live in my community. He is just going to watch this happen from afar."
Taylor said Lenert was recruited to challenge her as away to scare county board members away from questioning anything Lauzen wants.
"I ask a lot of questions on the county board, but that's nothing new," Taylor said. "I did the same thing during Karen McConnaughay's tenure."
Lenert owns the Lenert Insurance Group. He has been Lauzen's personal insurance agent for more than 20 years, according to endorsement from Lauzen on the business' website. Lenert's son, Michael Lenert, is an attorney at Kinnally, Flaherty, Krentz and Loran. Partner Pat Kinnally was recently appointed as a special Kane County State's Attorney to the county board.
"Government should be run more like a business," Lenert said. "Property taxes need to stay in check."
He also said he is concerned about unemployment in Kane County being higher than the statewide average.
Lauzen said he is aware of Lenert's candidacy. However, as both candidates are fellow Republicans, he won't make a decision on endorsing either candidate until later in the race, he said. But when asked specifically about Lenert, Lauzen had nothing but glowing commentary.
They served together on the Holy Angels Catholic School board for about 10 years, Lauzen said.
"He's one of the finest human beings I've ever known in an entire lifetime," Lauzen said. "He is very devoted to his wife. He has raised three children that all of us are so proud of. He's employed people in his insurance agency for more than 25 years and taken very good care of clients. In fact, I joke that when I grow up, I'd like to be just like him."
Republican Kevin Williams, a lieutenant with the Kane County Sheriff's Department, will be first on the March 18 ballot in the primary for sheriff. His opponent, Don Kramer, who retired from the department in 2009 as a lieutenant, also filed his papers Monday. Willie M. Mayes, a sergeant with the sheriff's office, filed for the Democratic nomination.
Sheriff Pat Perez is not seeking re-election.
Kane County Board member Mark Davoust and incumbent Jack Cunningham filed for the Republican nomination for clerk.
Also filing Monday for the Republican primary were John Martin of Geneva for District 11, and incumbents T.R. Smith for District 9, Maggie Auger for District 23, Rebecca Gillam for District 21, Phil Lewis for District 13 and Barb Wojnicki for District 15. Myrna Molina filed for District 1, Jennifer Laesch for District 3, and Deb Allan for District 17, on the Democratic side. All three are incumbents.
The odd-numbered board seats are up for election due to redistricting after the 2010 Census. Winners will serve four-year terms.
District 11 incumbent Mike Donahue is not running for re-election.
Also up for election next year is the county treasurer.
Filing ends Dec. 2.
DuPage County
On Monday, Sheriff John Zaruba, county board Chairman Dan Cronin, county Treasurer Gwen Henry and county clerk candidate Paul Hinds filed their paperwork. All are Republicans.
Zaruba, who has been sheriff since 1997, needed to collect roughly 1,500 signatures to get his name on the March ballot. He turned in about 7,000.
Cronin, who submitted his nominating petitions after the initial rush of filings, said he's seeking a second term to continue efforts to reform and consolidate local government.
"We've started something here that, I think, is significant -- reducing the size, scope and cost of local government," Cronin said. "I'm honored to carry on this big challenge. We've had some success. We've got a lot more work to do."
Three of the forest preserve commission's six members -- Shannon Burns, Linda Painter and Marsha Murphy -- are up for election. Painter and Murphy both filed on Monday.
• Daily Herald staff writer Robert Sanchez contributed to this story.
The following people filed petitions for the 2014 election as of Monday:
Mark Davoust, St. Charles; *Jack Cunningham, Aurora
Don Kramer, Geneva; Kevin Williams, Geneva
Willie M. Mayes, Aurora
Board District 1
*Myrna Molina, Aurora
Board District 3
*Jennifer Laesch, Aurora
Board District 5
*Melisa Taylor, Sugar Grove; Bill Lenert, Sugar Grove
Board District 9
*T.R. Smith, Maple Park
Board District 11
John Martin, Geneva
Board District 13
*Phil Lewis, St. Charles
Board District 15
*Barb Wojnicki, Campton Hills
Board District 17
*Deborah Allan, Elgin
Board District 21
*Rebecca Gillam, West Dundee
Board District 23
*Maggie Auger, Algonquin


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Steady as she goes for our vines this week; our Lytton Springs vine has been pruned, and is now settling back into its pre-spring routine, whereas our Monte Bello vine is still to go under the clippers; I'm told we're about two weeks away at this point, but stay tuned!
And in just writing the sentence above, it occurs to me that every time I write about these lovely vines, I get irritated about how to refer to them: "it" seems far too impersonal, almost demeaning, but arbitrarily assigning gender seems odd; is one a she, the other a he? Are they both male? Both female?
And to just keep calling them "vine" seems kind of … well … boring. The vine did this, the vine did that …
So, perhaps we should give them names?
And perhaps we should have YOU give them names?
In fact, perhaps we should have a CONTEST for you to give them names?
Whaddya think?
Just look …
Shall you name them? Should we have a contest? Would YOU win?
Please stay tuned as we follow our lovely vines through the 2013 vintage!
We're onlyfour weeks in so far, but for a quick look back, please enjoy the links below:
Week 2-Lytton Springs
Week 2-Monte Bello
(if you're following #RidgeVineyards on Twitter, you can also track VineWatch 2013 by specifically filtering for the following hashtag: #VineWatch13)
Categories: Lytton Springs, Monte Bello


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Our Best Wishes go out to Jessica and Mike who were married here at Pheasant Field B&B on Saturday! Transportation to the ceremony was provided by "All the King's Horses" and white doves were released at the end of the ceremony. Sorry - I missed that photo op - but the real photographer, Cindie Leer, will have that shot!
The paper lanterns were decorated with some wonderful bling! These pictures will you give some idea of how colorful the decorations were.
Even the buffet tables followed the pink & purple color scheme. It was just beautiful! We wish the happy couple lots of love, laughter, and joy in their new life together!
If you are looking for a destination wedding and reception, remember we include five guest rooms for overnight accommodations in most wedding packages here at Pheasant Field Bed & Breakfast.
Happy Holiday to all of you!
Sunday, September 2, 2012
Wedding and Reception in Carlisle PA
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