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Major Offensive against Taliban Begins
Helicopter-borne U.S. Marines and Afghan troops swooped down on the Taliban-held town of Marjah before dawn on Saturday, launching a long-expected attack to re-establish government control and undermine support for the militants in their southern heartland.
The attack on Marjah climaxed the biggest joint Afghan-international offensive of the war and is the largest combat operation since President Barack Obama ordered 30,000 U.S. reinforcements here last December to turn the tide of the war.
Marine commanders say they expect between 400 to 1,000 insurgents to be holed up inside this southern Afghan town of 80,000 people in Helmand province, including more than 100 foreign fighters. Marjah is the biggest southern town under Taliban control and the linchpin of the militants' logistical and opium-smuggling network.
"The first wave of choppers has landed inside Marjah. The operation has begun," said Capt. Joshua Winfrey, commander of Lima Company, 3rd Battalion, 6th Marines, which was at the forefront of the attack.
Several hundred U.S. Marines and some Afghan troops were in the first wave of troops, flying over minefields the militants are believed to have planted around the town, 360 miles southwest of Kabul.
The operation, codenamed "Moshtarak," or Together, was described as the biggest joint offensive of the Afghan war. Maj. Gen. Nick Carter, the commander of NATO forces in southern Afghanistan, says 15,000 troops were involved, including some 7,500 troops fighting in Marjah and British forces to the north in the district of Nad Ali.
The helicopter assault was preceded by illumination flares which were fired over the town about 2 a.m. In the pitch darkness of a moonless night, the roar of helicopters could be heard overhead, flying in assault troops from multiple locations.
The white flash of Hellfire and Tow missiles could be seen exploding over the town as flares illuminated the darkness to help assault troops spot targets in the town.
But winning the battle is only the first step, reports CBS News correspondent Mandy Clark. The key to victory here is to maintain control of the city for the long term, which is why the Marines are already reaching out to the local population. Once the town is secured, NATO hopes to rush in aid and restore public services in a bid to win support among the estimated 125,000 people who live in Marjah and surrounding villages. The Afghans' ability to restore those services is crucial to the success of the operation and to preventing the Taliban from returning.
Tribal elders have pleaded for NATO to finish the operation quickly and spare civilians - an appeal that offers some hope the townspeople will cooperate with Afghan and international forces once the Taliban are gone.
At the Pentagon, a senior U.S. official said Afghan president Hamid Karzai had signed off on the attack.
Another defense official said Karzai had been informed of planning for the operation well in advance. The official said it marked a first in terms of both sharing information prior to the attack and planning collaboration with the Afghan government.
Both officials spoke on condition of anonymity because there were not authorized to speak publicly.
The second official said the number of Afghan security forces in the district have roughly doubled since Obama's first infusion of some 10,000 Marines in southern Afghanistan last year.
The Marjah offensive involves close combat in extremely difficult terrain, that official said. A close grid of wide canals dug by the United States as an aid project decades ago make the territory a particularly rich agricultural prize, but complicate the advance of U.S. forces.
On the eve of the attack, cars and trucks jammed the main road out of Marjah on Friday as hundreds of civilians defied militant orders and fled the area ahead of the assault. For weeks, U.S. commanders had signaled their intention to attack Marjah in hopes that civilians would seek shelter.
Residents told The Associated Press by telephone this week that Taliban fighters were preventing them from leaving, warning the roads were planted with land mines to slow the NATO advance.
Still, many people fled anyway for the provincial capital of Lashkar Gah, 20 miles to the northeast. They told journalists they had to leave quickly and secretly to avoid recrimination from Taliban commanders.
Some said they slipped out of town when Taliban commanders weren't watching.
"We were not allowed to come here. We haven't brought any of our belongings; we just tried to get ourselves out," said Bibi Gul, an elderly woman in a black headscarf who arrived in nearby Lashkar Gah with three of her sons. She left three more sons behind in Marjah.
Police searched vehicles for any signs of militants, in one case prodding bales of cotton with a metal rod in search of hidden weapons.
"They don't allow families to leave," Marjah resident Qari Mohammad Nabi said of the Taliban. "The families can only leave the village when they are not seen leaving."
Provincial spokesman Daoud Ahmadi said about 450 families - an estimated 2,700 people - had already sought refuge in Lashkar Gah. Most moved in with relatives but more than 100 were being sheltered by the government, he said.
Ahmadi said the local government was prepared to shelter 7,000 families in nearby towns, providing them with food, blankets and dishes.
In advance of the attack, Afghan officials urged community leaders in Marjah to use their influence to persuade the Taliban to lay down their weapons and avoid a bloodbath. In return, the officials promised to improve the lives of the people there.
During a meeting Thursday, Helmand's governor, Gulab Mangal, urged tribal elders from the town to "use any avenue you have, direct or indirect, to tell the Taliban who don't want to fight, that they can join with us," according to the chief of Helmand's provincial council, Mohammad Anwar Khan.
For their part, the elders begged for limited use of airstrikes because of the risk of civilian deaths, Khan said Friday.
Another of the elders at the meeting, Mohammad Karim Khan, said he would not dare to approach the Taliban and tell them to give up their guns to the government.
"We can't talk to the Taliban. We are farmers and poor people and we are not involved in these things like the politicians are," said Khan, who is not related to the provincial council chief.
Instead, a group of 34 elders sent a letter Friday to the provincial government urging NATO forces to finish the operation in Marjah quickly and to avoid harming civilians. Abdul Hai Agha, an elder from Marjah, said local people were frightened and feared they would not be cared for after the Taliban are gone.
"We said in this letter that if you are doing this operation in Marjah, do it quickly," Agha told the AP by phone from the town.
The fact that the elders did not demand U.S. and Afghan troops call off the operation offered a glimmer of hope the townspeople will cooperate with the pro-government forces - if the Afghan leadership is able to fulfill its promises of a better life without the Taliban.
U.S. officials have long complained that Afghan government corruption and inefficiency have alienated millions of Afghans and paved the way for the revival of the militant group after it was driven from power in the 2001 U.S.-led invasion.
One of the main drafters of the letter to government officials said he and others had been reaching out to local Taliban commanders.
"We have talked to some of the Taliban over the phone and we have told them: 'This is your country. Don't create problems for your fellow Afghans and don't go on a suicide mission,"' said Abdul Rehman Jan, an elder who lives in Lashkar Gah.
However, Jan said most of the Afghan Taliban have already fled the area. Militant commanders from the Middle East or Pakistan have stayed on "and they want to fight," he said.


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ABC News white house political correspondent Karen Travers was at Nationals Park this week, trying to get to the bottom of why Teddy never wins.
Check out the story today at 3:00pm on ABC News Now (Comcast, Fios, and RCN) or on the ABC World News Webcast. The companion story is up now on ABCNews.com.
Filed under: The Movement | Tagged: ABC News |

subset: commoncrawl


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Here it is guys, tutorial number 1,000. This next drawing lesson is going to be remembered for all time because it is the one that made the sites quota of having a total of one thousand drawing tutorials. I am very proud of DragoArt and of all the artists, members and visitors that come and contribute, learn, comment, and critique because each one of you helped to bring this site where it is today. As time goes on hopefully there will be more and more members uploading tutorials to show how better you've gotten over time since you have been a member here. For this lesson you will learn how to draw Charmeleon from Pokemon step by step. Yes I am submitting another Pokemon character because it was suggested that I complete the collection of having all three characters that evolved from each other. First I submitted a lesson on how to draw Charizard, and then I showed you how to draw Charmander. This lesson will complete that series for all three Pokemon in the same family group. Now Charmeleon is a flame Pokemon and is from an evolution from Charmander which starts at level 16. After that he them evolves from Charmander to Charizard when he reaches level 36. Like his fellow evolutions, Charmeleon is a reptile and like the other two the tip of his tail also has a burning flame. His forearms are bolder and bigger than the other two and his three claws are very much exposed. Even though he has no wings, he looks much meaner than Charizard. This tutorial was also a request by a few different members and now that it is going to be submitted you too will now learn how to draw Charmeleon from Pokemon step by step. I will return to break the one thousand mark in a bit so stay tuned gang I shall return.
DragoArt members upload artwork and drawing tutorials! They are also allowed to leave comments on tutorials, profiles, etc. Many more features, as well; it's way better than just being a boring guest! Register Now!


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Kim Kardashian defended Jessica Simpson's body and ripped those responsible for an animated short that mocked the songbird's fluctuating figure
The curvy brunette reality TV starlet said she was relieved to hear that NFL Fox Sunday apologized to Simpson after it featured a cartoon that showed animated members of the Dallas Cowboys mocking her waistline in front of the team's quarterback and the songstress' ex-beau, Tony Romo.
"I'm glad they apologized," Kardashian told PopEater. "Fox shouldn't be making fun of Jessica Simpson, who has such an amazing body."
U.S. & World
Stories that affect your life across the U.S. and around the world.
"She's clearly not overweight and laughing about that gives young girls the wrong message," she told PopEater.
The stunner, who has reunited with former beau New Orleans Saints running back Reggie Bush, said its difficult dating a sports star. Kim's sister, Khloe, has come under fire by critics who have called into question her shotgun wedding to NBA star Lamar Odom.
"Now Khloe's in the same boat," Kim told PopEater. "There's no secret to (avoiding the attacks). Wer are just supportive to our boyfriend and husband. And we just live our lives . That's all you can really do."
In the clip that aired on Oct. 11, the animated versions of Dallas Cowboys players Jason Witten and Marion Barber are shown sitting together in the team's locker room.
"Man, I still can't believe Tony dated Jessica Simpson, even after she blew up bigger than Flozell Adams!" said a cartoon Barber.
"Unlike Tony, at least Jessica comes up big when it counts!" Wittens says.
Romo adds, "Guys, I'm standing right here."
"Sorry Tony," coach Wade Phillips says. "Say Tony, is Jessica around? We could use a defensive tackle!"
The 5-foot-3 singer packed the pounds onto her 110-lbs. frame earlier this year and despite shedding a number of pounds has been unable to shake criticism of her body.


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I know, I know… I haven't published a thing on this site in almost a year, but here I go again with my Black Friday/Cyber Monday deal list! What can I say? It's still something I get asked about all the time in November and it still — without fail — helps me with my own shopping during the holidays.
As always, this list is focused on online sales ONLY and will continue to be updated through December 1st. This is meant to be a compilation of some of the best fashion and beauty deals found online that people might otherwise miss, but please let me know if I have missed any major sales. If you are a TOM FORD fan and looking for some deals on the brand, you may want to check out this post as well.
A recommendation: don't forget to go through ebates when you buy for extra savings – they are already offering up to double cash back on many sites and that will continue through Cyber Monday!
Check out the list and let me know if you take advantage of any of these!


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Oct. 27, 2017 – When Bobbie Jo Sparks was near her lowest, four words changed her life.
"Call Angie with BCAP," Sparks remembers being told.
BCAP* is the acronym for Breast Cancer Assistance Program, a 501(c)(3) charity that assists women affected by breast cancer. Sparks is a breast cancer survivor who in 2012 was diagnosed with cancer, then lost her mother and her job within a span of about two months.
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Securities and Insurance Products: Not Insured by FDIC or any Federal Government Agency, May Lose Value, Not a Deposit of or Guaranteed by a Bank or any Bank Affiliate.


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|Sinking Spring, Pa.
|High School:
|House Affiliation:
Member of Harvard record holding 200 free relay team
Personal Records
50 Free: 20.31 (Ivy League Championships, 3/7/13)
100 Free: 44.45 (Ivy League Championships, 3/7/13)
200 Free: 1:39.40 (Ivy League Championships, 3/7/13)
200 Back: 2:00.37 (Columbia, 11/16/12)
200 IM: 1:50.42 (at HYP, 1/29/11)
400 IM: 3:54.90 (at HYP, 1/29/11)
Junior 2012-13
Was a member of the winning 400 free relay team and also placed second in the 100 free against Cornell and Dartmouth Nov. 10 ... Was victorious in the 50 free by posting a time of 20.70 at Penn Feb. 16 and placed second in the 100 free ... Earned first team All-Ivy for contributions in the 200 free relay victory ... Earned second team All-Ivy in the 200 medley relay ... At the Ivy League Championships completed the 200 free and 200 medley relays, finishing first and second, respectively ... Competed in the 50 free (20.31), 100 free (44.76) and 200 free (1:39.40) at the Ivy League Championships (March 7-9) ... Part of the 200 yard free relay team (1:18.82) and the 800 yard free relay team (6:28.35) that finished 19th and 22nd, respectively, and also competed in the 200 yard medley relay at the NCAA Championships (March 28-30).
Sophomore 2011-12
Placed third in the 100 free in 46.90 and took sixth in the 200 IM in 1:56.36 against Cornell and Dartmouth Nov. 12 ... Took part in the 200 and 400 free relays at the UNC Invitational Nov. 19.
Freshman 2010-11
Earned second team All-Ivy honors as part of the second-place-finishing 800 free relay team with time of 6:34.95 and as a member of the 400 free relay team in a time of 2:57.95 at the 2011 Ivy League Championship.
Before Harvard
Was a four-year letterwinner on the water polo and swim teams … Served as captain of the water polo and swim teams as a senior … Named the Pennsylvania water polo freshman of the year … Named to the All-Berks and all-state water polo teams as a junior and senior and received fourth-team All-America honors as a junior … Named to swimming All-Berks and all-state teams all four years and was a 14-time All-American in swimming … Named Central League MVP as a senior … Helped water polo team to state championships in 2008 and 2009 and helped swim team to runner-up finish at state meet as a senior … School record holder in four events … Academic All-America as a senior … Member of National Honor Society … Recipient of the Hope Johnson Award and a nominee for the Annie Sullivan Award … Father, Forest, was a decathlete at Princeton.


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The Academic and Career Advisement Center equips students with the tools they need to reach their goals.
We understand that being a college student can be stressful and even overwhelming at times. That is why we have created resources to assist you with developing positive study habits, test-taking skills and a good sense of time management.
Look through these with your academic adviser or with a tutor from All Campus Tutoring.
Academic and career enhancement services (ACES) are available for students to help them on their journey to reaching their academic and career goals.
College Success Strategies
- 10 Easy Ways to Earn Academic Probation
- Advising--Tips for Students
- Best Classroom Practices
- Get Involved!
- Get the Most out of Tutoring
- NMU Graduation Checklist
- Know Your Campus Resources
- Letters of Recommendation--Guidelines
Academic Skills Resources
Note Taking/Reading Improvement
- Active Reading Strategies
- Bloom's Taxonomy
- Concept Mapping
- Cornell Note Taking Method (printable)
- Effective Memorization Techniques
- Note Taking...Dos and Don'ts
- SQ4R Method
- SQ4R Method (printable)
Time Management
- Time Management...The Basics
- Blank Week Scheduling Grid
- "How To" Use Outlook
- Get Organized
- Sample Week Schedule
- Citing Your Sources (APA, MLA, Chicago, Turabian)
- Develop Your Critical Thinking Skills
- "How To" Facilitate Your Own Study Group
- "How To" Facilitate Your Own Study Group (printable)
- Know Your Learning Style
External Resources
- www.studygs.net
- Cornell Learning Strategies Center
- Khan Academy


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Choose which way to you want to go
Spain is divided into Communities -
Search by Community
Spain is divided into Costas and Regions -
Search by Area
Search the area around an airport -
Search by Airport
New Event added
MASCC ISOO 2020 25-27 June Seville
in Sevilla, Sevilla Province
Thursday, 25th Jun 2020
New site with thousands of properties for sale across Spain now online at
Spanish Homes Online.com
Find out what is happening here in Spain. Plan your holiday in Spain, or find your ideal home in Spain from our extensive property list. Book your discount hotel in Spain with our online booking system. In fact, everything you need for a vacation in Spain, moving to Spain - or living in Spain.
On the Hot Costa site, you can find:
As in every country, there are different ways to view the regions. The official way, is via the Communities.
Spain is divided up into a number of autonomous communities (see the map of Spain on the right), each with its own regional assembly, giving each one a certain amount of independence from the central government in Madrid. The amount of independence gives cause to many political arguments.
An alternative view might be to consider the regions by their commercial activities. The two powerhouses are Madrid, and Barcelona. Barcelona tends to attract the more 'arty' types of business. The north and west of Spain are wet, by comparison, so this differentiates it from the central areas, which tend to be drier and flatter. And of course, the coasts, or costas, attract holidaymakers.
Have a look at these sites about Spain that we have recently come across. Firstly, there's "Helpful and friendly real estate on the Costa del Sol", which we have entered into our Property Sale in Spain section. Jo and Paul have lived in La Cala de Mijas for almost 10 years. As property developers and investors both here in Spain and back in the UK, as well as working in an Estate Agency in London for many years, they have both the experience and passion to find you exactly what you're looking for. Located in Mijas Costa
Then, there is "Save over 80% on your heating bills with Nordic Energi by installing our Thermodynamic panels", which we have entered into our Home and Garden in Spain section. Nordic Energi
Wouldn't you rather spend money on fun things instead of heating the water in your house?
Nordic Energi´s Thermodynamic panels heats water up to 55°C in any weather, day or night, 365 days a year and have no need for direct sunshine – So, how is this possible?
The panels contain natural refrigerant, a harmless and amazing liquid which evaporates at very low temperatures. Once the liquid inside the panel has evaporated, the temperature of the resulting gas is greatly increased by compressing it. The location is Marbella
Finally, take a look at "Twitface Open", which we have entered into our Golf in Spain section. Find them in Casares


text:
Maureen Taylor
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Co creation. Encyclopedia of corporate reputation.(In Press).
Have global ethical values emerged in business communication practice?. Journal of Business Ethics.(In Press).
Image repair in a Chinese brand identity crisis: Will the real herbal tea company please stand up?. Risk and Crisis Communication Textbook .(In Press).
NGO's, Organizing, and Health. Organizations, communication, and health.(In Press).
Public diplomacy in a networked society: The Chinese government-NGO coalition network on AIDS prevention. The International Communication Gazette. 76,(In Press).
Connective Journalism: Syrian Activists. Association of Educators in Journalism and Mass Communication.(2015).
Helping Students Help Themselves. Association of Educators in Journalism and Mass Communication.(2015).
Looking over, looking out, and moving forward: A network ecology framwork to position public relations in communication theory. Communication Theory. 25, 91- 115.(2015).
"Towards Legitimacy and Professionalism: A Call to Repeal the Gillett Amendment". National Communication Association (NCA).(2015).
Dialogic Engagement as a Foundational Concept in the Practice of Public Relations. Journal of Public Relations Research. 26(5),(2014).
Dialogic engagement: Clarifying foundational concepts. Journal of Public Relations Research. 26, 384- 398 .(2014).
"Dialogic Engagement: Explicating Foundational Public Relations Concept". International Communication Association (ICA).(2014).
Engaging for change: Exploring social media in social change. International Communication Association (ICA).(2014).
Engaging for change: Exploring social media in social change. International Communication Association (ICA).(2014).
Ethical Convergence, Divergence or Evolution? An Examination of Public Relations and Journalism Codes of Ethics. National Communication Association (NCA).(2014).
A global perspective on public relations professionalism: Mapping the structure of public relations associations' international networks. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly. 91, 508- 529.(2014).
Have global ethical values emerged in communication practice? Evidence from national and international professional public relations associations. International Communication Association (ICA).(2014).
International public relations codes of ethics: The nexus of global networks and local contexts. International Communication Association (ICA).(2014).
Non- Governmental Organizations in a Globalizing World: Communication Netowrks, Culture, Opportunities and Challenges.(2014).
Plenary Speaker: Social Media in public relations: Reflections on extending and narrowing relationships. International Forum on Public Relations and Advertising.(2014).
"Problematizing Social Media in Public Relations: Scholars Misremember the Past and Forget About the Future". International Academy of Business Disciplines (IABD).(2014).
Problems with social media in public relations: Mis-remembering the past and ignoring the future. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research. 3(2),(2014).
Reflections on using monitoring and evaluation to enhance information interventions for peace. Communication for peace: Charting an emerging field. 179- 191.(2014).
Social Capital Theory Past and Present: Developments in Public Relations Research and Contributions to External Disciplines. National Communication Association (NCA).(2014).
Social media in public relations. 7th International Forum on Public Relations and Advertising.(2014).
The value of social media for pushing activist organizations social agendas: Implications for public relations theory and practice. Quarterly Review of Business Disciplines. 1(1),(2014).
"The value of social media for pushing activist organizations social agendas: Implications for PR theory and practice". International Academy of Business Disciplines (IABD).(2014).
Building and measuring sustainable networks of organizations and social capital: Post war public diplomacy in Croatia. Relational, networked, and collaboratieve approaches to public diplomacy. 103- 116.(2013).
Civil society. Encyclopedia of public relations II. 120- 122.(2013).
The effects of organizational twitter interactivity on organization- public relationships. Public Relations Review. 39, 213- 215.(2013).
"From Homo Economicus to Homo Dialogicus: Rethinking Social Media Use in CSR Communication. National Communication Association (NCA).(2013).
A Global Perspective on Public Relations Professionalism: Mapping the structure of Public Relations Associations' International Networks. International Communication Association (ICA).(2013).
Government relations. Encylopedia of public relations. 402- 405.(2013).
Hearings. Encyclopedia of public relations. 416- 418.(2013).
Intercultural communication. Encyclopedia of public relations. 462- 464.(2013).
Mitigating media incitement to violence in Iraq: A locally driven approach. United States Institute for Peace.(2013).
Non-governmental organizations. Encyclopedia of public relations. 614- 616.(2013).
Political public relations in advocacy: Building online influence and social capital. International Communication Association (ICA).(2013).
Political public relations in advocacy: Building online influence and social capital. Public Relations Journal. 7(4), 1- 35.(2013).
Public diplomacy in a networked society: The Chinese government- NGO coalition network on AIDS prevention. National Communication Association (NCA).(2013).
The relationship between the professionalization of public relations, societal social capital and democracy: Evidence from a cross- national study. Public Relations Review. 39, 257- 270.(2013).
Using Inoculation Theory in public relations messages: Preparing the audience for arguments to be made later. Casing Persuasive Communication. 127- 144.(2013).
Activist practitioner perspectives of website public relations: Why aren't activist websites fulfilling the dialogica promise?. Public Relations Review. 38(2), 303- 312.(2012).
Beoynd a dyadic understanding of public diplomacy: Understanding relationships in a multipolar world. Public Relations Review. 38, 652- 664.(2012).
Corporate social responsibility communication campaigns. Communication campaigns. 261- 274.(2012).
The Effects of Organizational Twitter Interactivity Organization- Public Relationships. International Communication Association (ICA).(2012).
Organizational influences and constraints on community colleges' Web- based media tactics. Community College Journal of Research and Practice. 36(2), 93- 110.(2012).
Toward A Model of Contextualizing Organizational Relationships: A Network Exology Framework. National Communication Association (NCA).(2012).


text:
BikeHPS-OnlineStore | Motorcycle Wheels | Kineo Wheels | Kineo Wire Spoked Motorcycle Wheels for Ducati | Ducati 695 Monster 2007-2008
Ref: KINMN695
GO TUBELESS ...with Classic Beauty, Modern Dynamic Performance and Safety CombinedThe unique and proven Kineo system enables the 'Classic Spoked Look' to be available for your Ducati Monster 695... but with all the dynamic handling and safety benefits provided by modern tubeless tyres. They are also fully compatible with tubed-type off road tyres too.Built to order in your chosen colour combination - and supplied complete and ready for easy installation, after simply mounting your discs and tyres - Kineo wheels are an extremely straightforward upgrade.
Price:Ł2,268.34 (Ł2,722.01 Inc. UK Inc. VAT at 20%) Total Price: ( Including Inc. VAT at 20%)
Ref: 60523
Protect Your Expensive Wheels & Discs - For Less Than the Price of a Tyre! Professional Cordura Foam Cell Padded Heavy Duty Motorcycle Race Wheels Transport & Storage Bags, made in the UK.Transporting and storing spare pairs of complete motorcycle wheels (with discs and tyres, etc., installed) has always been a problem.They can be heavy, are often dirty and they can fall and/or roll around in your van/vehicle, often suffering expensive damage or causing damage to your bike.So... for less than the price of a front tyre ...HPS now has the solution for you with our ultra heavy duty, padded wheel and tyre transport bags.
"Top quality these wheel bags masses of room left. These are for a set of wets for my minitwin but they would easily take my Hayabusa wheels. When I need new tyres I will throw them in the back of the car in these beauties."DM, Derbyshire
Price:Ł108.30 (Ł129.96 Inc. UK Inc. VAT at 20%) Total Price: ( Including Inc. VAT at 20%)
5 star service excellent qualityGavin - Lincoln
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5*PT - Yamaha YZF-R6 2010
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Only the Best Motorcycle Parts, Spares & Accessories for your Bike. Phone UK: 01773 831122International +44 1773 831122Email Us Find us on...Privacy Policy / Returns & Refund Policy All offers are subject to availability and HPS terms and conditions of sale and may not be used in conjunction with any other offer or discount. Images are for display purposes only. Prices are in UK Pounds Sterling (Ł) ; however, they may fluctuate and we therefore reserve the right to amend them without notice. Prices exclude delivery options which can be specified at the customer's request. All motorcycle dealer/manufacturer's trademarks acknowledged. Calls may be recorded for training/security purposes. All rights reserved. E.&.O.E. © 2001 - 2020 Harwood Performance Source Ltd


text:
carsDirect needed a new button or icon design and created a contest on 99designs.
A winner was selected from 10 designs submitted by 5 freelance designers.
Need basic buttons with 'off' and 'over' states that represent the various vehicle body types. Nothing fancy required, just icons that work and represent the body types appropriately.
Cars Direct
Require buttons for 'Hatchback', 'Coupe', 'Convertible', 'Sedan', '4WD', 'Wagon', 'Sports', 'People Mover', 'Pick up', 'Other'. Basic design, don't require shadows or gradients but open to options.
I'd like the off state to be '#666666' and the over state to be '#b30000'.
- Off state to have more of "#666666", if not entirely "#666666"
- Over state to have more of "#b30000", if not entirely "#b30000"
- Required in RGB and in .PSD format
- Prefer if the icon didn't specifically resemble an actual make/model. Eg. the convertible icon should not specifically resemble the actual image of a convertible BMW.


text: In print and in person, one voice in Britain's chattering classes talks louder, faster and with more clarity than any other. And yet, somehow remarkably, not a word goes to waste. Here, the journalist and author displays her verbal dexterity on cyber-ethics, pornography and the cults of Corbyn and Kardashian.


text:
Max Drafting Chair by Symple Stuff No Copoun
Reference: 77484aa74d76d4e3b910d089189d7c34
Read reviews (21 ) Write a review
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Max Drafting Chair product by Symple Stuff
These fabric upholstered chairs adjust to fit most body types and workstations. Ergonomic benefits include a contoured waterfall seat cushion and an adjustable backrest with lumbar support for increased comfort during extended sitting durations. Fabric chairs are constructed of highly durable molded polyurethane foam cushioning covered with heavy-duty olefin fabric.
- Armrest Type: Adjustable
- Swivel: Yes
- Lumbar Support: Yes
- Seat Height Adjustment: Yes
- Locking Back Angle Adjustment: Yes
- Security policy (edit with Customer reassurance module)
- Delivery policy (edit with Customer reassurance module)
- Return policy (edit with Customer reassurance module)


text:
Posts tagged "basedgod"
Lil B @ The Cabooze
Lil B @ The Cabooze
September 28th, 2012
Berkeley, California rapper Lil B took the stage a few minutes after 8pm Friday night at the Cabooze in what will undoubtedly go down as one of the most unusual concerts of 2012. He was joined by nobody but a bouncer. No DJ, no live instruments. No stage design or props. Such a large stage might seem awkward to be occupied by only one person, but his personality immediately filled the entire room.
Time for some background info. Lil B is the alias of Brandon McCartney, a 23 year old rapper who first achieved success as a member of The Pack, whose 2006 song "Vans" became an anthem for the Bay Area hyphy movement. Since then he's fashioned himself in to one of the most unique and original players in the 21st hip-hop game. He calls himself The BasedGod, championing a state of mind of being "based". He's released dozens of mixtapes, including one with 855 tracks in July. He's spoken at NYU. He's recorded probably over 2,000 songs by now. Just stating these things doesn't even come close to illustrating his persona, so I'll just get to reviewing the show.
You don't have to be a hardcore fan of the BasedGod to know that he has two distinct personalities - warped pseudo-charicature of hip-hop stereotypes (the side that gets the YouTube hits) and deeply personal visionary with a sense of wonder at all around him (the side that makes good albums). The two are polar opposites. Most of his releases tend to be distinctly one or the other. Friday night he was unquestionably the first of the two. He was happy to play viral favorites such as "Ellen Degeneres" and "Swag Jerry Rice", which got multiple hundred people to chant "I think I'm Jerry Rice!" in unison. He trotted around stage with a huge smile on his face and would occasionally strike triumphant body-builder poses. Between songs he seemed to adopt the second of the aforementioned personas. Shortly after his set began he acknowledged the show's All Ages status and apologized for using profanity while there may be youngsters in the crowd (and there were a few). Shortly after he mentioned that this would be a friendly concert and he didn't want to see anyone in the crowd fighting. Later on he got the crowd to repeat after him: "I love life!" "I'm happy with my life!" "I love you!" Towards the end of the performance he told the audience to appreciate their parents ("shouts out to parents!")
This was when the show took an unexpected turn. He had just begun playing one of his signature songs and what was presumably one of his last of the evening, "Wanton Soup", when he invited the crowd to join him on stage. It wasn't long before it was so packed that he didn't have enough room to actually perform the song. A moment later he cut the song and asked where his sunglasses had gone - apparently someone had taken them off his face. He mentioned that although he loves all of us, he couldn't go on performing without his sunglasses (kind of like Belushi in The Blues Brothers, he only took them off during the performance once for one particularly heartfelt message of his appreciation for the audience). The house lights went up and he promptly exited the stage. He re-emerged a few minutes later with the sunglasses on and apologized for being so "Hollywood" and that he'll never do such a foolish thing again because he realized how insignificant sunglasses are compared to his adoring fanbase. With the house lights still on he went through a few more songs but it wasn't long before he set down the microphone as instrumental tracks played so that he could sign various items being thrust at him by his rabid crowd. He got down in the crowd for a few minutes to take some photos before finally exiting.
Aside from the slight hiccup towards the end, this was a thoroughly exciting performance with as much positive energy as you can find at a hip-hop concert in 2012. For those who have been familiar with Lil B's internet presence for a number of years it was simply surreal to finally see him performing in front of us. Just once, internet nerds and hardcore hip-hop heads united for one evening of peace, love and swag.
Written by Tom Steffes, Radio K volunteer


text:
Pacific Union College is concerned about the safety and welfare of all campus members and guests, and is committed to providing a safe and secure environment. Because no campus is isolated from crime, Pacific Union College has developed a series of policies and procedures that are designed to ensure that every possible precautionary measure is taken to protect the campus community. To prevent such incidents, a competent residence life staff, the Public Safety Department, the Physical Plant Department, the faculty, staff, and students are responsible for a number of measures to ensure that they and their possessions are adequately protected.
The Department of Public Safety is the security department for the college. It reports to the Vice‑President for Student Services and is open 24‑hours a day for emergencies, providing around the clock protection and services to the campus populace. The department aids in enforcement of federal, state, and local statutes, as well as Pacific Union College regulations. The primary objective of the department is to provide a safe and healthy environment that enhances the campus learning experience, thus complementing the college's educational mission.
The Department of Public Safety is responsible for emergency response at Pacific Union College. It is also responsible for providing support services tailored to meet the needs of the campus community. Some of the services are:
To report a crime, all individuals are encouraged to call the Department of Public Safety at 965‑6551, or x7111 for emergencies. Dispatchers are available 24-hours a day to respond to emergency calls. Public Safety officers will respond to calls for service, and/or a report of the incident will be made. On‑campus telephones are located in the lobbies and corridors of most campus buildings. Using these easily accessible telephones, the Department of Public Safety can be contacted by dialing either of the above numbers.
In addition to reporting a crime to the Department of Public Safety, crimes should be reported to local law enforcement officials for report and follow‑up. The Department of Public Safety directly works with the local law enforcement authorities as the liaison for the campus. When criminal offenses are reported to the department, the Napa Sheriff's office is notified for their involvement and investigative authority. The Department maintains a close working relationship with all appropriate law enforcement agencies and elements of the criminal justice system. Crime statistics are exchanged with the Napa County Sheriff's Department.
Almost every violation committed on campus is preventable. As part of the college's educational mission, the Department of Public Safety attempts to teach members of the campus community how to reduce their chances of being the victim of crimes of property or person. The college's crime prevention program is based upon the dual concepts of eliminating or minimizing criminal opportunities, whenever possible, and encouraging students and employees to be responsible for their own security and the security of others. The following is a listing of the college's crime prevention programs and projects:
Numerous efforts are made to advise members of the campus community on a timely basis about campus crime and crime‑related problems. These efforts include the following:
|Crime Statistics
|Murder & Non-negligent manslaughter
|Forcible sex offenses
|Non-forcible sex offenses
|Aggravated Assault
|Motor Vehicle Theft
|Negligent Manslaughter
|Arrest Statistics
|Liquor Law Violations
|Drug Abuse Violations
|Weapons Violations
For a statement of policy regarding possession, use, and sale of alcohol and illegal drugs, please reference the Student Guide.
The Physical Plant Department maintains the college's buildings with a concern for safety and security. The department inspects campus facilities regularly, promptly makes repairs affecting safety and security, and responds immediately to reports of potential safety and security hazards such as broken windows and locks. They also maintain the college's fire alarm system, including the replacement batteries in residential smoke detectors twice yearly.
The campus is well lighted, and further lighting improvements are being made with regards to lighting, including high intensity sodium vapor lights on buildings, in parking lot areas, in areas with heavy landscaping and trees, and along pathways frequently traveled by students.
The Department of Public Safety assists Physical Plant personnel by reporting potential safety and security hazards. Students as well as faculty and staff are also encouraged to call Physical Plant (x7150) to report any safety or security hazard.
Except for residence halls, most college facilities are open to the public during the day and evening hours when classes are in session. During the times that the college is officially closed, college buildings are generally locked and only faculty, staff, and students with proper ID are admitted.
Services and programs intended to enhance the quality of life and to assure the security and safety of the resident student body are a major priority for the residence life administrators. Each men's dorm includes a desk receptionist from 10 am to midnight. Women's dorms include a 24-hour desk receptionist. All facilities are served by live‑in deans and resident assistants. At least one professional staff member is on duty at all times, 24‑hours a day, 7 days a week.
Security and safety policies and procedures, especially regarding locking individual rooms, building entrances, and related precautions, are discussed with residents in crime prevention meetings conducted by the residence life staff and Public Safety.
Public Safety provides educational programs to promote awareness of sexual offenses to both men and women. Should a sexual assault occur, students should follow the procedures below:
If a person is attacked: There is no single best way to react. Scream, kick, bite and try to get away, especially if you are in an area where there are other people close by. If you are in a remote area or your life is in danger, cooperate with the attacker. Survival is your goal.
After a person is attacked: Immediately tell someone of the attack. Point out your attacker if possible. Don't shower or change clothes. Don't disturb anything at the scene of the attack. Report on campus attacks to Public Safety. The incident will be reported to the Napa Sheriff's office. A report of the incident will be made. Public Safety will provide assistance in notifying counseling services if requested. Counseling services are also available to you through Napa County Sexual Assault Services.
Pacific Union College will also assist (if requested) in services relating to changes in the victim's academic and living situations, procedures for campus disciplinary actions, and sanctions that may be imposed by campus disciplinary proceedings. Please see the Office of Student Services for more information.
The cooperation and involvement of students themselves in a campus safety program is absolutely necessary. Students need to assume responsibility for their own personal safety and the security of their personal belongings by taking simple, common sense precautions. For example, although the campus is well lighted, any student, male or female, may feel more comfortable using the college escort service when returning to the residence halls late at night. Room doors should be locked at night and when the room is unoccupied. Valuable items such as stereos, cameras, and televisions should be marked with engraving instruments. Bicycles should be registered with Public Safety and should be secured with a sturdy lock. Students with cars must park them in their assigned areas and keep their vehicles locked at all times. Valuables should be locked in the trunk or out of sight. Students should report any suspicious looking individuals whom they feel do not belong on campus, along with any unusual incidents to Public Safety.


text:
Published in 2012 by Wendy Lamb Books. 192 pages.
I absolutely loved this children's novel by the 2010 Newbery Award-winning author of When You Reach Me!
It's about bullying and about being afraid. It's about family and about friendship.
With a feel similar to Ellen Potter's Slob (which was one of my favorite reads of 2010), Liar & Spy is part coming-of-age story and part mystery, and it reminded me a bit of Harriet the Spy, a favorite from my childhood. I highly recommend Liar & Spy both for middle grade readers and for grown-ups who care about middle graders.
Lucinda Rosenfeld reviewed Liar & Spy for The New York Times here. Rebecca Stead's website has additional information about the book here. Other book bloggers who have reviewed Liar & Spy include the following:
- Confessions of a Book Habitué (August 9, 2012)
- Beth Fish Reads (October 2, 2012)
- Becky's Book Reviews (October 8, 2012)


text:
If you're having trouble finding that perfect gift for family and friends, look no further than the gadget world. From the Microsoft Surface that Oprah loves to the dual-screen Nintendo Wii U to the iPad that 48 percent of kids apparently want, the options are plentiful.
All of these items and more are available online, where items are 16-to-44 percent cheaper across all categories. It looks like shoppers are already spending more dough on the Internet than last year, with comScore reporting that $10 billion already spent online (compared to $8.7 billion at this time last year). Will you join them?
We want to know how much you plan to spend online. Some of us might not know until our bank accounts are fully dented on December 26th, but take a few seconds and try to tally up your planned online purchases.


text:
Beginning Programming With C++
eBook (PDF), 259 Pages
Price: $4.99
Essential C++ Skills-Made Easy–Without Fear! This C++ Programming book gives a good start and complete introduction for C++ for Beginner's. It has been comprehensively updated for the long-awaited C++Beginner's from the Best selling Programming Author Harry.The primary aim of this book is to help the reader understand how the facilities offered by C++ support key programming techniques.The aim is to take the reader far beyond the point where he or she gets code running primarily by copying examples & emulating programming styles from other languages.Anyone can learn C++ through This Book I promise. Most Imp. Feature of this book are- 1) Learn C++ without fear, 2) This book is for everyone, 3) 160 End of book examples, 4) 200 Practical Codes, 5) At last it goes to Expert level topics such as: *Software Design & Development Using C++*, 6) 101 Rules, for Software Design & Development using C++ @ the end of this book. 7) Very Easy Definitions for each topic... More > with code examples,output.< Less
Available in PDF Format
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Product Details
- 9781312504646
- Copyright
- Harry H. Chaudhary. (Standard Copyright License)
- Edition
- Special Bestselling Edition.
- Publisher
- Programmers Mind.
- Published
- September 10, 2014
- Language
- English
- Pages
- 259
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- Product ID
- 21799553
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|Any PDF Reader, Apple Preview
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Hi all, I am new to java and what I have learned so far I thoroughly enjoy! I am currently stuck on direction for this code I have to write. I am not looking for someone to do the work for me, but I am truly having a problem even getting started. Any help would be awesome!
Here are the instructions:
Implement a program to read and search the text database for a furniture store.
1. Use the following classes:
o Store
o Furniture
o Manufacturer
2. Use the ArrayList class to hold instances of Furniture and Manufacturer. Be sure to use generics appropriately.
3. Use a text data file with the following format - which you may extend, and may be extended in the later projects
All the
classes should be provided with appropriate:
o constructors
o toString implementations
o additional methods
o instance variables connecting the class to appropriate instances of other classes
4. A GUI that will display allow the user to minimally:
o search on furniture or manufacturer index
o search on type
o seach on style
5. The GUI class(es) should be distinct from the other classes in the program.
SO... I've written the GUI class, which I can provide (I've also created the other classes but they are practically empty), and here is the database sample text I have
M:<32>:<Junior LLC>:<10 binary St>:<Binaryville>:<MD>:<20853>:<(301)-123-4567>
M:<37>:<Macy's Inc>:<8 Spring Lake>:<Old Town>:<MD>:<20906>:<(301)-193-4767>
M:<38>:<Java Corp>:<19 Duke Pl>:<O Town>:<SC>:<30210>:<(301)-945-3218>
I'm unclear on what information the classes (Store, Furniture, Manufacturer) should hold and how to link them to the database. Like I said, I'm new to this!


text:
Three Strikes Is Out? UK Judges Rule Internet Ban Is 'Unreasonable', Even For Sex Offenders
from the it's-a-human-right dept
Last week, Techdirt wrote about a US teenager being banned from using the Internet until his 21st birthday as punishment for his involvement with some Web site break-ins. That seems incredibly harsh, and as Mike noted, earlier bans have been tossed out on the grounds that they were unreasonable.
And that is exactly what has just happened in the UK, as the Guardian reports:
Banning anyone from the internet is an "unreasonable" restriction, two appeal court judges have ruled, suggesting that access to a computer at home has become a basic human right.
What makes this judgment even more interesting is that, as with cases in the US, it concerned a sex offender. Normally, these result in especially severe sentences. So for an Internet ban to be held to be "unreasonable" even here means that for far less serious offences -- unauthorized sharing of copyright works, say -- it is hard to see Net disconnection imposed by a lower UK court being upheld upon appeal.
The decision by Mr Justice Collins and Judge Nicholas Cooke QC signals judicial recognition of how pervasive digital communications are in an era when a multitude of services can be obtained online.
That would seem to spell the end of the "three strikes and you're out" approach in the UK. Of course, there are still plenty of other unjust ways of exacting collective punishment on families -- throttling their Internet connection rather than cutting it off, for example -- but it is nonetheless a hugely important decision. In particular, it seems bound to impact the UK's Digital Economy Act, whose detailed implementation is still being discussed.
Follow me @glynmoody on Twitter or identi.ca, and on Google+
Filed Under: bans, human right, internet access, three strikes, uk


text:
Sewing Tools You Need
- Any Sewing Machine (we recommend the Janome 2160DC)
Fabric and Other Supplies
- Scraps of your favorite fabrics: we used Color Defined Aqua and Brown Zebra Stripe from Faye Burgos for Marcus Brothers Fabrics, and two pieces from our leftover stash: Heather Bailey's Bijoux in Gold Tiled Primrose, and Heather Bailey's Pop Garden in Lime Sway
NOTE: Each flower takes one strip 2" x apx. 45". You could seam together smaller pieces to get a long enough strip. Use a ¼" seam if you decide to do that.
- Small button for the flower's center (optional): we used vintage buttons
- All purpose thread to match
- Hand sewing needle
- Thimble (optional)
- Scissors or rotary cutter and mat
- Straight pins
Getting Started
At Your Sewing Machine & Ironing Board
- Fold in each short end of the strip ¼", wrong sides together, and press.
- Fold the entire strip in half lengthwise, wrong sides together, and press.
- Set your machine's stitch length for a long basting stitch.
- With the edge of your presser foot running along the folded edge of your strip, stitch the length of the strip. Do NOT back tack at the beginning or end.
- Remove the stitched strip from your machine, leaving the thread tails long.
- Pull the bobbin thread to gather the strip to about half its original size.
- Use your fingers to even out the ruffles. Because the strip is so long, it tends to want to twist and turn. Before you start to 'roll' your flower, make sure your strip is untwisted.
- Thread a hand-sewing needle with thread that best matches your fabric.
- From one end, start to roll up the strip. Just like your making a cinnamon roll, only without the calories. The folded edge should be toward the center; the raw edges toward the outside.
- Insert your hand needle and thread into the beginning of your roll, hiding the knot.
- Continue rolling, stopping at each rotation to make a stitch with your needle and thread to secure the fabric into its spiral.
- When you get to the end of the roll, take a few extra stitches to secure the end of the strip (because we folded in the edges when we originally pressed the fabric, the end of the strip is finished). Knot off your thread.
Back of flower
Front of flower
- Working from the front of the flower, spread out the spirals of the roll with your fingers – these have now become your flower's 'petals.' The more you pull apart the petals, the softer the flower appears.
NOTE: The original length of your strip and the tightness of your roll are the two things that determine the final look of your flower. Want a bigger flower? Use a longer strip. Want a softer, fluffier flower? Roll more loosely. Want a smaller flower? Reduce the length AND width of your original strip.
- The rolling technique makes a nice, neat center, so you don't have to use a button.
- We like the extra dimensional accent the button provides, and so added one to ours. Simply spread out the spirals (the petals), and nest the button in the center. Stitch in place from front to back with your hand sewing needle.
- The flower is now ready to be used as an embellishment. You can stitch it in place as-is, or attach a jewelry pin or safety pin to the back, which is what we did.
NOTE: We decided on the safety pin option because our flower was going to be used as an embellishment on an item that might need to be washed. These flowers can NOT be washed, so we wanted ours to be able to be removed prior to laundering.
- Open up the safety pin (or jewelry pin) and whip stitch in place.
- The name 'Tattered Flower' comes from the frayed raw edges. At this point, you can simply clip any long, dangling threads and call it good. Or, for more tatters, gently pull a few more threads from the raw edges, clipping as necessary.
Other machines suitable for this project include the Elna Sew Fun and the Brother XL-2610.


text:
Diphtheria Toxoid, Tetanus Toxoid, Acellular Pertussis Vaccine, DTaP; Haemophilus influenzae type b Conjugate Vaccine; Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine, IPV
Diphtheria Toxoid Adsorbed, Pertussis Vaccine, Acellular , Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated, Tetanus Toxoid Suspension for injection, Haemophilus B Conjugate Vaccine Suspension for injection
What is this medicine?
DIPHTHERIA TOXOID, TETANUS TOXOID, ACELLULAR PERTUSSIS VACCINE, DTaP; HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZA TYPE B CONJUGATE VACCINE; INACTIVATED POLIOVIRUS VACCINE, IPV is used to help prevent diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, haemophilus influenza type b, and polio infections.
This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.
What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?
They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
blood disorders like hemophilia
fever or infection
immune system problems
neurologic disease
take medicines that treat or prevent blood clots
an unusual or allergic reaction to Diphtheria Toxoid, Tetanus Toxoid, Acellular Pertussis Vaccine, DTaP; Haemophilus influenzae type b Conjugate Vaccine; Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine, IPV, other medicines, neomycin, polymyxin b, albumin, polysorbate 80, foods, dyes, or preservatives
pregnant or trying to get pregnant
How should I use this medicine?
This vaccine is for injection into a muscle. It is given by a health care professional.
A copy of Vaccine Information Statements will be given before each vaccination. Read this sheet carefully each time. The sheet may change frequently.
Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. While this drug may be prescribed for children as young as 6 weeks for selected conditions, precautions do apply.
Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.
What if I miss a dose?
Keep appointments for follow-up (booster) doses as directed. It is important not to miss your dose. Call your doctor or health care professional if you are unable to keep an appointment.
What may interact with this medicine?
medicines that suppress your immune function like adalimumab, anakinra, infliximab, rilonacept
medicines to treat cancer
steroid medicines like prednisone or cortisone
This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.
What should I watch for while using this medicine?
Contact your doctor or health care professional and get emergency medical care if any serious side effects occur.
This vaccine, like all vaccines, may not fully protect everyone.
What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?
Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
breathing problems
fever over 103 degrees F
inconsolable crying for 3 hours or more
unusually weak or tired
Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
bruising, pain, swelling at site where injected
loss of appetite
low-grade fever
This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Where should I keep my medicine?
This vaccine is only given in a clinic, pharmacy, doctor's office, or other health care setting and will not be stored at home.
March 21, 2017
U.S. FDA-approved Package Insert


text:
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN River Falls
Enter your best essay(s)!
DEADLINE — Friday, Mar. 22, 2019
(Hard copies only—in Dr. Kiril Petkov's mailbox)
ELIGIBLE — All History & Philosophy majors & minors
PRIZES — Top entrant in each category wins a free banquet ticket ($27 value) and an additional prize.
Winners will be notified before Apr. 12, 2019 (the banquet reservation deadline). Banquet details
Up to two prizes (1st and 2nd) in each category may be awarded as merited.
Other benefits:
2016 no award-winners
From Dr. Kiril Petkov...
The UWRF History and Philosophy Department invites submissions for its already established annual "Outstanding Essay in History" Award. If you ever wrote and submitted an essay for a history or philosophy class you took at UWRF your work is eligible.
Winners will receive a free dinner reservation for the annual History and Philosophy Banquet. Each prize carries a Letter of Award that will be personally bestowed to the author at the banquet and publicized on campus and the department web site. First prize winners will also receive an additional prize.
So hurry up, dig up that essay your instructor marked as brilliant, or print that cherished paper of yours which you always thought was so good, but never truly appreciated! This is your chance to get recognized and add a distinction to your job application portfolio!
We expect your submission and hope to see you at the banquet!
Winning essays
Nicholas McGrath (History)
Elie Wiesel
Essay Contest
Prizes $500 - $5,000
Deadline: Early December


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© Turismo de Córdoba
Practical information
- When?: Apr 26, 2020
- Where: Cordoba
- More information : http://www.turismodecordoba.org
- Theme: Popular
Every year Cordoba, in Andalusia, hosts this unique parade featuring flowers as the key elements, and which heralds the beginning of a month of festivities in the city.
This event offers the perfect excuse to discover Cordoba at its most festive, and features a procession of numerous carts and wagons through the historic centre of the town, from which women, in traditional flamenco dress, throw petals and flowers to the spectators. This parade marks the start of a period of celebrations.
Practical information
- Date: Apr 26, 2020
Córdoba (Cordoba. Andalusia)
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Schedules and prices
- Apr 26, 2020
* Information may be subject to modifications


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Last year, the AIDS world was rocked when news came that the South African Medicines Control Commission had halted a study of an experimental HIV drug after two women in the trial died and several others developed severe liver disease. Coming in the months leading up to the International AIDS Conference in Durban, this episode catapulted the problems of bringing HIV treatments to South Africa into the international spotlight.
The experimental drug in the trial was FTC, a compound in the same therapeutic class as AZT and ddI. But blame for the women's deaths came to rest on one of the other drugs the women received in their combination cocktail: Nevirapine, an approved, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor already at the center of another raging controversy about access to treatment in South Africa.
A Breakthrough for Treatment in Africa?
A widely hailed study (HIVNET 012) reported in 1999 that, for only four U.S. dollars, a single dose of nevirapine (Viramune) given to a pregnant woman about to give birth and another dose to her baby could dramatically reduce the chances that the infant would be infected during labor and delivery. For the first time it seemed a grip had been gained on the intractable problem of treating HIV in poor countries. Nevirapine for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission was effective, it was practical and it was relatively affordable. But was it safe? South African government officials, reluctant to spend scarce resources on saving the babies of HIV-infected mothers, claimed there was too little known about the side effects of nevirapine to make it widely available. Ominously, the FTC trial deaths seemed to back them up.
A close look at the experience with single-dose nevirapine finds little cause for concern. In the HIVNET 012 study, 310 pregnant women received single-dose nevirapine and another 308 women received AZT just before giving birth. The rates of adverse events and drug-related toxicity were observed to be similar in the groups. The incidence of laboratory abnormalities was also similar in each group. Mild to moderate rash was reported for four mothers in the nevirapine group and five in the AZT group. Among the babies, nine in each group had a mild or moderate rash. No serious rashes were reported for any participants.1 In another large trial of nevirapine involving 652 pregnant mothers in South Africa who each received two doses of the drug, there were no episodes of liver toxicity or serious rash reported.2
Because no placebos were used in these trials, one cannot conclude that the risks of adverse events are any greater or lesser for mothers who do not receive antiretroviral drugs just before birth. And the long-term effect upon the development of treated children can only be determined by years of follow-up. But the low rates of serious adverse events observed suggest that these treatment regimens are safe, at least in the short term. So safe, in fact, that the HIVNET authors proposed that presumptive treatment of all pregnant women with single-dose nevirapine may be justified in settings where HIV testing and pre-test counseling are not affordable.
But what caused the deaths and liver disease in the FTC trial and was nevirapine responsible? In a complicated stratified trial design, participants received FTC or lamivudine (3TC, Epivir) plus, depending on their baseline viral load, either nevirapine or efavirenz (Sustiva/Stocrin, another drug in the same class as nevirapine). Participants also received stavudine (d4T, Zerit) as a background nucleoside analog to round out the cocktail. All participants were monitored for elevated liver enzyme levels, the standard laboratory markers for the development of hepatitis. There were no reported differences in the incidence of severe (Grade 4) liver enzyme elevations between those who received 3TC and those who received FTC. Nor were any differences observed in these enzyme levels between blacks and non-blacks in the study. But of 385 patients receiving nevirapine in the trial, 36 (9%) had Grade 4 liver enzyme elevations while no such liver enzyme abnormalities were observed in 83 patients receiving efavirenz. This clearly pointed the finger at nevirapine. And, as we later learned from a report at the Fifth International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection in Glasgow, Scotland last November, women in the trial were twice as likely as men to experience a Grade 4 elevation of liver enzymes during the first four weeks of taking nevirapine. This is compelling evidence from a randomized trial that there may be a sex difference in the likelihood of liver disease for those who receive nevirapine.3
PEP Tragedies
About the same time as the nevirapine crisis was developing in South Africa, in the United States an HIV-negative African-American healthcare worker suffered a needle-stick accident as she was drawing blood from an HIV-infected patient. She was placed on a post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) protocol containing AZT, 3TC and nevirapine. Fourteen days after starting the drugs, she developed malaise, fatigue, fever and chills. At 20 days, the HIV drugs were halted after her liver enzyme levels increased dramatically above the normal range. A week later she developed liver failure and went into a coma. She subsequently received a liver transplant, recovered and remained HIV-negative six months after the accident.4
Two more tragic case reports involving post-exposure prophylaxis were presented at the Glasgow conference. Two women who had been raped were treated with a PEP regimen containing nevirapine. Both women required liver transplants after liver disease developed within a month on the regimen.5 And in yet another needle-stick accident, a female health-care worker in Chicago complained of nausea and anorexia eight days after starting a PEP regimen containing nevirapine. She subsequently developed a severe rash despite discontinuing the drug after the first symptoms occurred.6 Due to these and other cases, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in January 2001 warned against the routine use of nevirapine in post-exposure prophylaxis regimens.7
Background to the Warnings
January 2001 marked the tenth anniversary of the first use of nevirapine in humans. The problems with skin rash and liver enzyme abnormalities were detected during the earliest trials of the drug. These eventually led to manufacturer recommendations that patients start nevirapine treatment at a lower dose for two weeks until it was clear the full dose could be safely tolerated. After several years of clinical experience with nevirapine and a mounting number of serious adverse reactions, culminating in the South African deaths, the European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA) issued a strong public statement in April of 2000 drawing sharp attention to the risk of liver disease. The statement stressed the importance of following the two-week lead-in period, intensive monitoring during the first eight weeks of therapy and immediate discontinuation of nevirapine if certain symptoms occur. Of particular concern are symptoms of severe rash, hypersensitivity reaction or hepatitis, including elevated liver enzymes.8
These warnings were strengthened six months later when the manufacturer sent a letter to U.S. health care professionals extending the critical initial period of close monitoring to 12 weeks. Yet, as noted in that warning, approximately one-third of adverse events have been reported to occur after 12 weeks.9
Despite the strength of these warnings to the medical community, despite the doubled rate of hepatitis among women in the FTC trial, and despite an apparent preponderance of case reports about severe and fatal adverse events involving women, there have been no official cautions about any particular danger for women starting nevirapine.
Sex Differences in Nevirapine Rash
Recently, additional evidence was published that says women may have more frequent skin-related adverse events when starting nevirapine. An article in Clinical Infectious Diseases (January 2001) reports on a retrospective cohort study that finds likely significant differences in the incidence of nevirapine-associated rash between men and women.10
The researchers examined the medical records of all patients from three large U.S. HIV clinics who received nevirapine for at least 30 days during the period from 1993 through September 1998. Patients who discontinued nevirapine due to severe skin rash prior to 30 days on treatment were also included. The patients studied had been treated in clinics at Washington University in St. Louis, the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill and at UCSF in San Francisco. The primary outcome of interest was a report of severe (Grade 3 or 4) rash during the first 90 days of nevirapine treatment. A secondary outcome was discontinuation of nevirapine due to any degree of rash.
The search of medical records found 358 individuals (95 women; 263 men) from the three sites that met the entry criteria for nevirapine use. The overall incidence of severe rash during the first 90 days after starting nevirapine was 3.4 percent. But women were eight times more likely to have had severe rash than men, with an incidence of 9.5 percent compared to 1.1 percent for the men. Also, women were five times more likely to have discontinued nevirapine due to any degree of rash than were men.
When any rash (from mild to severe) was counted, about 16 percent of women and 8 percent of men were affected. Two women and two men experienced Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a life-threatening form of severe rash in which large sheets of skin die and peel off. Because of the smaller number of women treated with nevirapine, the two cases represent a larger proportion of women with Stevens-Johnson syndrome than men. There were apparently no deaths reported due to nevirapine in this sample. The incidences of elevated liver enzymes and liver disease were not collected.
While the sex of the patient was strongly associated with the development of severe rash in this study, other possible factors were also identified. Individuals with higher CD4 counts when starting nevirapine tended to have more episodes of severe rash and had to stop therapy due to rash more often. Patients younger than 35 years tended to discontinue nevirapine more often than older patients but did not have significantly more cases of severe rash. Of 23 women who took birth control hormones, 4 (17%) experienced severe rash compared to 5 of 72 (7%) women not taking contraceptive hormones. In this population, 76 percent of the women were African-American compared with 43 percent of the men. The authors report, however, that no association was observed between race and the incidence of rash in the study.
Rash Decisions
Although the key clinical trials that led to the approval of nevirapine uncovered a risk of having skin reactions when starting the drug, none of those studies examined the differential risk between men and women. One company-sponsored report also presented at the Glasgow conference last year described an early, large (2,249 patient) trial comparing nevirapine with placebo. The authors reported an equal incidence of elevated liver enzymes in each comparison arm and a greater number of liver-related deaths in the placebo arm. Overall, women comprised 20 percent of that study population although, once again, the adverse event rates for men and women were not reported separately.11
There is a small amount of provocative evidence that women may experience more adverse reactions to medications in general. Though not HIV-specific, two surveys of hospital inpatients performed in the 1970s and 1980s found a generally increased risk of drug-related skin reactions among women, reporting an incidence in women 35 to 50 percent higher than in men.12, 13 But the authors of the nevirapine sex differences study caution that, while the differences they found in the incidence of severe rash between men and women are statistically significant, the overall number of episodes of rash in their study are small and could possibly be due to other, unexamined, factors. Another limitation of the study is that the observations were not pre-planned but were collected from medical records after the fact. Retrospective studies of this sort can contain undetected biases if, for example, different staging systems for rash were used at different times or at different sites. One limitation in particular is a lack of information about any additional medications patients may have been taking while they were receiving nevirapine.
Despite these caveats, the authors conclude, it is at least safe to say that the risk of nevirapine rash cannot simply be extrapolated between sexes, as is commonly done. This is a particular problem since our knowledge of adverse reaction rates is drawn from study populations with small proportions of women. As demonstrated by the sex-differences study, overall incidence rates of rash may be similar to the rates for men, but rates for women may appear dramatically higher when they are isolated. Since no previously published study of nevirapine has differentiated adverse reaction rates by sex, clinicians and patients have no choice but to judge expected rash episodes by published overall incidence rates or by anecdotal experience.
Although most nevirapine-associated deaths have been liver-related, the sex-differences study only reported on the relative incidence of rash. Yet, mild to moderate rash may be one of the warning symptoms of liver disease. In the South African FTC trial, rash was temporally associated with Grade 4 liver enzyme elevation in 25 percent of cases. If this association is common, then an increased incidence of rash may possibly warn of an increased risk for liver disease among women starting nevirapine. Compounding the risk for black women, it's been suggested that the appearance of rash on darker skin may be more difficult to diagnose than on lighter skin.14 Add to this an increasing trend among physicians to "treat through" mild nevirapine rash when initiating therapy, and the need for close clinical management and frequent monitoring of liver enzymes becomes crucial.
The evidence of sex differences in the incidence of drug-associated rash and liver disease suggests that women, with whom most U.S. clinicians probably have less overall experience, need vigilant monitoring and extra counseling about possible treatment-associated adverse events -- including rash -- when initiating an antiretroviral regimen containing nevirapine.
Guay LA, et al. Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: HIVNET 012 randomized trial. The Lancet. 1999 254:795-802.
Moodley D, et al. Evaluation of safety and efficacy of two simple regimens for the prevention of mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV infection: nevirapine vs lamivudine and zidovudine used in a randomised clinical trial (the SAINT study). (Abstract TuOrB356) XIII International AIDS Conference, Durban, South Africa, July 9-14, 2000.
Sanne I, et al. Severe liver toxicity in patients receiving two nucleoside analogues and a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. (Abstract) Fifth International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, Glasgow, UK. AIDS. 2000;14(supplement):PL 9.3.
Sha BE, et al. Adverse effects associated with use of nevirapine in HIV postexposure prophylaxis for 2 health care workers. (Research Letter) JAMA. 2000;284:21.
Henderson D. Post-exposure prophylaxis. (Abstract) Fifth International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, Glasgow, UK. AIDS. 2000;14(supplement):PL 6.1.
Johnson S, et al. Adverse effects associated with use of nevirapine in HIV postexposure prophylaxis for 2 health care workers. (Research Letter) JAMA. 2000;284:21.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Serious adverse events attributed to nevirapine regimens for postexposure prophylaxis after HIV exposures -- Worldwide, 1997-2000. MMWR. 2001 Jan 5.
European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products. EMEA Public Statement on Viramune. April 2000; EMEA/11260/00.
Roxane Laboratories. Important Drug Warning Re: Severe, life-threatening and fatal cases of hepatotoxicity with Viramune. November 2000.
Bersoff-Matcha SJ, et al. Sex Differences in Nevirapine Rash. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2001;32:124-9. (This study was first presented as a poster at the 6th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in 1999).
Cahn P, et al. Hepatic safety with nevirapine (NVP) and two nucleosides in patients with advanced HIV infection, from a placebo (PBO) controlled clinical endpoint trial (1090). (Abstract) Fifth International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, Glasgow, UK. AIDS. 2000;14(supplement):PL 8.6
Arndt KA, Jick H. Rates of cutaneous reactions to drugs: a report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program. JAMA. 1976;235:918-22.
Bugby M, et al. Drug induced cutaneous reactions: a report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program on 15,438 consecutive inpatients. JAMA. 1986;256:3358-63.
Gilden D. Liver Failures Spark Nevirapine Warning. (Statement by Franck Rosseau, V.P. for Medical Affairs, Triangle Pharmaceuticals, sponsor of the FTC trial). The amfAR Treatment Insider. August 2000;1(4).
But Is It Really, Really Safe?
Although no severe rashes or liver problems have been reported for single-dose nevirapine given to pregnant women, the original Phase I study of nevirapine in pregnant women may be worth taking a closer look at. In a trial conducted at seven hospitals in the United States and Puerto Rico, seventeen women in active labor were given single doses of nevirapine (either 100mg or 200mg) when they arrived at the hospital. The women had previously been enrolled in the study and were receiving a standard course of zidovudine to prevent HIV transmission to their infants. Blood samples were drawn at frequent intervals after the nevirapine dose and daily after delivery. The levels of nevirapine in the blood samples were charted to find the peak concentration and the rate of clearance from the body.
Nevirapine has a relatively long life in the blood (ideal for preventing mother-to-child transmission) but the amount of time nevirapine remained in the bodies of these pregnant women varied dramatically -- both between the women on the study and from historical data in men and non-pregnant women. One woman, who received a 100mg dose, still had more than half the nevirapine in her blood after seven days. Considering that one of the needle-stick victims who started prophylactic nevirapine (see PEP Tragedies above) developed symptoms within 8 days, it's not unimaginable that there may eventually be a rare adverse event resulting from single-dose nevirapine. Yet, this scenario is highly unlikely because, as in the needle-stick case, symptoms have only developed after several consecutive days of daily dosing.
If nevirapine is slower to clear from women's bodies, whether pregnant or not, then the increased incidence of rash and liver problems among women on daily-dosing regimens may be due to a gradual accumulation of the drug to toxic levels. The wide variability of drug concentrations seen in pregnant women and reports of slower clearance of nevirapine from non-pregnant women point to the need for additional pharmacokinetic studies of nevirapine in women.
Mirochnick M, et al. Pharmacokinetics of Nevirapine in Human Immnodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Pregnant Women and Their Neonates. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 1998;178:368-74.
Lamson MJ, et al. Effects of gender on the single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of nevirapine. Pharm Res. 1995; 12:S-101.
|Representation of Women in Key Clinical Trials of Nevirapine
|Clinical Trial Investigator, Journal, Year
|Total NVP Enrollment
|Number of Women Enrolled
|De Jong, JID 1994
|Havlir, JID 1995
|Havlir, JID 1995
|Cheeseman, JAIDS 1995
|D'Aquila, Annals 1996
|De Jong, JID 1997
|Henry, JAIDS 1998
|Montaner, JAMA 1998
|Floridia, JAIDS 1999
|Barreiro, AIDS 2000
|Podzamczer, 7th Retro 2000
|Cahn, Glasgow 2000
|~ denotes estimation
Back to the GMHC Treatment Issues January 2001 contents page.