text:
Fill in the form above to get offers from the companies below:
FindTransfers is a quick and easy way to compare taxi companies and book your private transfers from Arabba to Venice Marco Polo Airport.
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We are a Taxi and coach company which is operating in the whole of Europe. We can transport from 1 - 500 passeng... More information
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Alpinbus provides reliable, well priced Private airport Transfers in the ALPS! Based in Aarau Switzerland, Lande... More information
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Fiss/Serfaus to Munich airport. April 19 Good communication before pick up. Driver arrived on time and helped load...
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Our transfer from Salva Gardena was smooth and safe. Service of TaxiGo was excellent!
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
My wonderful year in Iceland
Hi everyone,
My name is Chantal, I´m 23 years old and I´m from Holland. Last year I went to Iceland to work there as an au pair. This has been one of the best decisions ever since I´ve had the time of my life. I´ve met so many nice people and I´m sure I´ve made friends for life!
During my stay in Iceland I lived with two different families. The first family lived in Reykjavik and had two kids for me to take care of, a boy and a girl. When the kids were at school I took care of the household and also I was babysitting a gorgeous baby from the family. When the kids got home from school I gave them something to eat and played with them or just let them play with friends. I really liked these kids and I loved spending time with them. In my free time I went to a language school to study Icelandic. That was great because this way I got to know new people from all over the world and I was also able to understand the family conversations during dinnertimeJ More...
Like to be an Au pair in Iceland?
You will live with an Icelandic family, taking care of young children and the household. It is an opportunity to learn about Icelanders, their culture, the language and at the same time develop relationships that will last a lifetime.
What about all that other stuff?
- Pocket money is ca. €110 per week (15.000 ISK).
- Private bedroom and meals each day.
- Work hours are 30 hours per week, approximately 6 hours per day.
- Two free days per week. At least one full weekend off each month.
- Some overtime might be needed and is paid extra.
- After 6 months stay with the same host family the flight ticket one way is reimbursed (max. 35.000 ISK), and both ways after 12 months (to/from Iceland).
- Health, travel and liability insurance arranged and paid by the host family.
- The duration is 6 to 12 months. Occationally families need Au pair for shorter period eg. during summer school holiday.
- Possibility to attend a language course.
- Age limit 18 to 25 years old (18-30 years in Europe)
- Experience with childcare is a must.
- English knowledge is required.
- Driving license is normally required.
When to apply?
Ninukot accepts applications for Au Pair positions on a continual basis. Please contact Ninukot for more information about Au pair in Iceland, fill out a pre-application on our website and/or request an application form.
Got some questions about how to become an Au pair in Iceland?
We might already have answered your questions in our FAQ. If not, please contact us and we'll do our best to answer them!


text:
Could you proof read and highlight the changes so I know where im going wrong grammar wise?It's because I don't proof read and rush to put my ideas to paper
My internet travel talesMy name is Michael. I've been a link analyst for around 6 months now. In that short time I have been travelling throughout the world of the internet in search of links. My experiences during this time have been both good and bad. I have rejoiced as fellow analysts have accompanied me on my never ending quest and I have been saddened as I passed by the collapsed fortresses long since destroyed by spam-bots. This story is to share my experiences with everyone, my journal if you will. This is the only autobiography I will ever write. I am Michael; this is my story so far.The First DayOn my first day I was shown into the office where I would spend the next 6 months of my life, sat searching through the internet for possible link targets. A couple of months ago I had no idea what SEO was all about. I was one of those casual internet users. You know the type, Facebook and a few forums & flash game sites. Occasionally, whilst talking to friends or playing games, I would notice a spam-bot wander by. But the establishments I frequented were well respected and the security was always top notch. Any spam-bots were usually shot down before you could say "cheap tramadol online". The people who did the shooting were the 'Mods'. The internet Elite corps(?), you never knew if they were there or not. Some would come out and say 'hi' join in the conversations we had, whereas some stayed in the shadows never showing their faces in the light. I was seated at my desk, it was spacious and I had two screens as opposed to the measly one I had back at home. Little did I know the confusion of two screens, that I would whipping my head back and forth repeatedly lost in the panic of losing where I'd put my e-mails only to realised I had closed outlook. I was kitted out, given all I would need for the road, for setting off on my journey into the unknown.UpdateAfter only 5 minutes I decided to look through the many items I had been given. Sitting down I pulled the backpack I had aptly named "My Computer" from my back and set it down, ready to be rummaged through. After opening the double click clasp I was amazed to see how much had been packed into such a small space. I began to search through the bag and finally found what I was looking for. I pulled out a shiny new "Outlook 2010". I quickly strapped it to my wrist and, after figuring out I had to press the on button twice in quick succession, turned it on. I fiddled about with some new settings; previously I had been using the older model "Outlook 2007" and was eager to try this new gadget out.
Corps = Corporations? Mayybe
It's also a word for arms of the military.
Quote from: DevilsGreen on July 14, 2011, 06:50:54 PMCorps = Corporations? MayybeIt's also a word for arms of the military.


text:
- This event has passed.
Chamber U
December 4, 2019 @ 12:00 pm - 1:00 pm
|Recurring Event (See all)
An event every month that begins at 12:00 pm on day First of the month, repeating until December 2, 2020
Educate yourself and your business with these unique seminars!
Chamber U will take place the 1st Wednesday of the month. We ask that you please register~
Register NOW!
Contact below on more information!
For additional information call:
Modesto Chamber of Commerce (209) 577-5757 or
email: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
An American journalist working for an Australian music magazine talking about music. Disclaimer: Files linked on this site are for sampling purposes only, if you like the music support the artist and buy the album, a T-shirt, coffee mug, something. If you are the owner of any file posted or linked to on this site and would like it removed, just say the word and it will be done promptly. If you are at any point offended while consuming this website, please complain to anyone other than me.
Monday, August 10, 2009
All Points West 2009 Photo Journal
I'm sure most of you who weren't there heard about how it rained and everything was as Chris Martin eloquently put it on Sunday night, a "mud jacuzzi". Despite the fact that every time your foot would hit the ground the mud would swallow you up to a little bit above your ankle, and the resulting suction every time you tried to step forward made it incredibly exhausting and near impossible to "hurry" anywhere, it was an overall enjoyable experience. Despite the general awesomeness, one thing that I did not enjoy was the fact that they postponed the festivities for nearly four hours on Sunday, corralling hundreds of festival patrons in a dilapidated train station until the festival promoter's "cleared the area of mud", whatever that was supposed to mean. The delay resulted in me missing out on a number of bands that i would have liked to have seen, but they simply were canceled so as to maintain the predetermined time schedule. Oh well, there's always next year (hopefully).
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)


text: > > I did this for my favorite proposal, and ended up with the list shown > > further down below. > > > > I think they all looks great! > > > The fact that so few were found in whole of the standard library does > put the use case into question, though, no? Though I am sure more could > be found with a more thorough scan. There's lots of code in it that looks like this: def __init__(self, foo = None): if foo is not None: self.foo = foo else: self.foo = self.getFooDefault() With if/else it can be written: def __init__(self, foo = None): self.foo = foo if foo is not None else self.getFooDefault() However, I'm convinced that the latter version is less readable than the former. Often the line becomes more than 80 characters so there's no gain in translating it to an if-else expression because you would still have to split the line, other times the condition is so complex that it deserves its own line. Many opportunities for uses, but atleast as many for abuses. -- mvh Björn


text: An American Traditional styling offered in your choice of a White or Molasses finish. Matching case color and nickel color hardware options. Constructed of Hardwood Solids and Birch Veneers. English Dovetail drawer fronts, lap join backs. Dust bottom on lowest level. UV Stained drawer interiors. Side mounted, full extension metal guides.


text:
Lock out part of isolator handle that keeps breaking.
These handles keep breaking when using a hasp and locks to isolate them. In order to replace them we have to purchase the whole handle kit from ABB at around $90 depending on the size of the circuit breaker. These can be printed solid for strength at a cost of $1 depending on material.
Designed in Onshape


text:
Patchable Guitar/Synth Pedal
Patchable Guitar/Synth Pedal
The push.pull pedal is a synth effect based upon the PLL (Phase Locked Loop) IC, in which the PLL has been "unlocked" and let loose through joysticks, switches, and a pushbutton. It is hard to describe the sounds I have already heard: distorted, glitchy, fuzz, bass synth, drone, full of clicks, 8 bit, and erratic synthetic hyperdrive.4 Non-Return to Center JoysticksA green LED pushbutton that "unlocks" the pedal, allowing it to spiral out of control.4 switches:Capacitor Envelope (Slow, Slower, Bypass)High/Low Tone SelectFeedback Select (Audio, Voltage, Bypass)True BypassIn/Out/PowerPainted in Blurple Colorshift and coated in a thick bar top-type epoxy
Low profile aluminum enclosure
starting @ 85$ to 289$
Enveloppe filter:
Noise Generator:
Pocket puss envelope filter:
Tourette pedal
Taking orders firstname.lastname@example.com
Here is my hand made Tourettes pedal, so called because you just don't quite know what's going to come out the other end. The best way to describe it is Weird/Fuzz/Octave/Noise/Randomizer.
The output sound is determined by the level and frequency of the input, so rolling off the guitar's volume or tone control changes the way the pedal processes the sound.
The lower the note, the more synth like tone. Bass guitar works particularly well. The higher notes generate either arpeggiated runs based on the original note or octave overtones.
Tourettes is a low current consuming battery powered stomp box with 1 output level control, an input connection on the right, and output connection on the left, and a heavy duty bypass switch.
OSC02 v2
Homicid Noodle


text:
Davy Crockett
|David "Davy" Crockett
|Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Tennessee's 12th district
|In office
March 4, 1833 – March 4, 1835
|Preceded by
|District created
|Succeeded by
|Adam Huntsman
|Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Tennessee's 9th district
|In office
March 4, 1827 – March 4, 1831
|Preceded by
|Adam Rankin Alexander
|Succeeded by
|William Fitzgerald
|Personal details
|David Stern Crockett
August 17, 1786
Greene County, Tennessee (then in the State of Franklin)
|March 6, 1836
(aged 49)
Alamo Mission, San Antonio, Republic of Texas
|Political party
|National Republican (a/k/a: Anti-Jacksonian)
|Polly Finley (1806–1815; her death)
Elizabeth Patton (1815–1836; his death)
|Pioneer, soldier, politician
David "Davy" Crockett (August 17, 1786 – March 6, 1836) was a 19th-century American folk hero, frontiersman, soldier and politician. He is commonly referred to in popular culture by the epithet "King of the Wild Frontier". He represented Tennessee in the U.S. House of Representatives, served in the Texas Revolution, and died at the Battle of the Alamo.
Crockett grew up in East Tennessee, where he gained a reputation for hunting and storytelling. After being made a colonel in the militia of Lawrence County, Tennessee, he was elected to the Tennessee state legislature in 1821. In 1825, Crockett was elected to the U.S. Congress, where he vehemently opposed many of the policies of President Andrew Jackson, most notably the Indian Removal Act. Crockett's opposition to Jackson's policies led to his defeat in the 1831 elections. He won again in 1833, then narrowly lost in 1835, prompting his angry departure to Texas (then the Mexican state of Tejas) shortly thereafter. In early 1836, Crockett took part in the Texas Revolution and was killed at the Battle of the Alamo in March.
Crockett became famous in his own lifetime for larger-than-life exploits popularized by stage plays and almanacs. After his death, he continued to be credited with acts of mythical proportion. These led in the 20th century to television and movie portrayals, and he became one of the best-known American folk heroes.[1][2]
- 1 Family and early life
- 2 Tennessee militia
- 3 Legislative career
- 4 Texas Revolution
- 5 Death
- 6 Legacy
- 7 In popular culture
- 8 See also
- 9 Footnotes
- 10 References
- 11 Bibliography
- 12 Further reading
- 13 External links
Family and early life
The Crocketts were of Irish, English, Scottish, and French-Huguenot ancestry.[3] The earliest known paternal ancestor was Gabriel Gustave de Crocketagne, whose son Antoine de Saussure Peronette de Crocketagne[4] was given a commission in the Household Troops under French King Louis XIV. Antoine married Louise de Saix[5] and immigrated to Ireland with her, changing the family name to Crockett.[6] Their son Joseph Louis[7][6] was born in Ireland and married Sarah Stewart.[8] Joseph and Sarah immigrated to New York where their son William David was born in 1709.[9] He married Elizabeth Boulay.[10] William and Elizabeth's son David[11] was born in Pennsylvania and married Elizabeth Hedge.[12] They were the parents of William, David Jr., Robert, Alexander, James, Joseph and John,[a] the father of David Crockett who died at the Alamo.
John was born c.1753 in Frederick County, Virginia.[13] The family moved to Tryon County, North Carolina c.1768. In 1776, the family moved to northeast Tennessee, in the area now known as Hawkins County.[15] John was one of the Overmountain Men who fought in the Battle of Kings Mountain during the American Revolutionary War.[16] While John was away as a militia volunteer in 1777, David and Elizabeth were killed at their home near today's Rogersville by Creeks and Chickamauga Cherokees led by war chief Dragging Canoe.[17][18] John's brother Joseph was wounded in the skirmish. His brother James was taken prisoner and held for seventeen years.[19]
John married Rebecca Hawkins in 1780.[20] When their son David was born August 17, 1786,[21] they named him after John's father.[b] David was born in what is now Greene County, Tennessee, close to the Nolichucky River, near the community of Limestone.[c] John continually struggled to make ends meet, and in 1792, the Crocketts moved to a tract of land on Lick Creek.[28] Selling that tract of land in 1794, John moved the family to Cove Creek and built a gristmill with partner Thomas Galbraith.[29] A flood destroyed the gristmill and the Crockett homestead. In 1792, the Crocketts moved to Mossy Creek in Jefferson County. John forfeited his property in bankruptcy in 1795.[30] The Crocketts moved onto property owned by a Quaker by the name of John Canady.[d] At Morristown in the Southwest Territory, John built a tavern on a stage coach route.[e]
When David was 12 years old, his father indentured him to Jacob Siler to help with the Crockett family indebtedness. David helped tend Siler's cattle on a 400-mile trip to near Natural Bridge in Virginia. He was well-treated and paid for his services, but after several weeks in Virginia decided to return home to Tennessee.[35] The next year, John enrolled his sons in school. After an altercation with a fellow student, David played hookey from school. Upon learning of this, John attempted to whip David but was outrun by his son. David joined a cattle drive to Front Royal, Virginia for Jesse Cheek.[36] Upon completion of that trip, he joined teamster Adam Myers on a trip to Gerrardstown, West Virginia.[37] In between trips with Myers, he worked for farmer John Gray.[38] After leaving Myers, he journeyed to Christiansburg where he apprenticed for the next four years with hatter Elijah Griffith.[39]
In 1802 he journeyed by foot back to his father's tavern in Tennessee.[40] His father was in debt to Abraham Wilson for $36, so David was hired out to Wilson to pay off the debt.[41] Later, Crockett worked off a $40 debt to John Canady.[42] Once the debts were paid, John Crockett told his son he was free to leave. David returned to Canady's employment where he stayed for four years.[43]
Marriages and children
Crockett fell in love with John Canady's niece Amy Summer, who was unavailable to him due to her engagement to Canady's son Robert.[44] While serving as part of the wedding party, Crockett met Margaret Elder. He persuaded her to marry him, and a marriage contract was drawn up on October 21, 1805.[45] Margaret had also become engaged to another young man at the same time and married him instead.[46]
He met Polly Finley and her mother Jean at a harvest festival.[47] Although friendly towards him in the beginning, Jean Finley eventually felt Crockett was not the man for her daughter.[48] Crockett declared his intentions to marry Polly, regardless of whether the ceremony was allowed to take place in her parents home or had to be performed elsewhere. He arranged for a justice of the peace and took out a marriage license on August 12, 1806. On August 16, he rode to Polly's house with family and friends, determined to ride off with Polly to be married elsewhere. Polly's father pleaded with Crockett to have the wedding in the Finley home. Crockett agreed only after Jean apologized for her past treatment of him.[49] The newlyweds settled on land near Polly's parents, and their first child John Wesley Crockett, who became a United States Congressman,[50] was born July 10, 1807.[51] Their second child William Finley Crockett was born November 25, 1808.[51] In October 1811, the family relocated to Lincoln County.[52] Their third child Margaret Finley (Polly) Crockett was born on November 25, 1812.[53] The Crocketts then moved to Franklin County in 1813. He named the new home on Beans Creek "Kentuck." [54] His wife Polly died in March 1815,[55] and Crockett asked his brother John and sister-in-law to move in with him to help care for the children.[56] That same year, he married the widow Elizabeth Patton who had a daughter Margaret Ann and a son George.[57] David and Elizabeth's son Robert Patton was born September 16, 1816.[58] Daughter Rebecca Elvira was born December 25, 1818.[59] Daughter Matilda was born August 2, 1821.[60]
David Crockett family tree
|Crockett family tree
Source: Crockett Descendants genealogy formum, unless otherwise noted.
Tennessee militia
Andrew Jackson was appointed major general of the Tennessee militia in 1802.[66] The Fort Mims massacre in Mobile, Alabama on August 30, 1813 became a rallying cry for the Creek War.[67] On September 20, Crockett left his family and enlisted as a scout for an initial term of 90 days with Francis Jones's Company of Mounted Rifleman,[68] part of the Second Regiment of Volunteer Mounted Riflemen.[69] They served under Colonel John Coffee in the war, marching south into present day Alabama and taking an active part in the fighting.[70] Crockett often hunted wild game for the soldiers, and felt better suited to that role than the killing of Creek warriors and families.[71] He served until December 24, 1813.[72] After the Treaty of Fort Jackson in August 1814, Andrew Jackson wanted the British forces rousted from Florida,[73] and asked for assistance from the Tennessee militia. Crockett re-enlisted as third sergeant for a 6-month term with the Tennessee Mounted Gunmen under Captain John Cowan on September 28, 1814.[74] Because they were days behind the rest of the troops, Crockett's unit saw little of the main action and was focused mostly on foraging for food. Crockett returned home in December.[75] He was still on a military reserve status until March 1815, so he hired a young man to fulfill the remainder of his service.[76]
Legislative career
In 1817, Crockett moved the family to new acreage in Lawrence County, where he first entered public office as a commissioner helping to configure the new county's boundaries.[77] On November 25, the state legislature appointed him county justice of the peace.[78] On March 27, 1818, he was elected lieutenant colonel of the Fifty-seventh Regiment of Tennessee Militia, defeating candidate Daniel Matthews for the position.[79] By 1819, Crockett was operating multiple businesses in the area and felt his public responsibilities were beginning to consume so much of his time and energy that he had little left for either family or business. He resigned from the office of justice of the peace and from his position with the regiment.[80]
Tennessee General Assembly
In 1821, he resigned as commissioner and successfully ran for a seat in the Tennessee General Assembly,[81] representing Lawrence and Hickman counties.[82] It was this election where Crockett honed his anecdotal oratory skills.[83] He was appointed to the Committee of Propositions and Grievances on September 17, 1821, and served through the first session that ended November 17, as well as the special session called by the governor in the summer of 1822, ending on August 24.[84][85] He favored legislation to ease the tax burden on the poor.[86] Crockett spent his entire legislative career fighting for the rights of impoverished settlers whom he felt dangled on the precipice of losing title to their land due to the state's complicated system of grants.[87][86] He supported 1821 gubernatorial candidate William Carroll, over Andrew Jackson's endorsed candidate Edward Ward.[88]
Less than two weeks after Crockett's 1821 election to the General Assembly, a flood of the Tennessee River destroyed Crockett's businesses.[89] In November, Elizabeth's father Robert Patton deeded 800 acres of his Carroll County property to Crockett.[90] Crockett sold off most of the acreage to help settle his debts, and moved his family to the remaining acreage on the Obion River, which remained in Carroll County until 1825 when the boundaries were reconfigured and put it in Gibson County.[91] In 1823, he ran against Andrew Jackson's nephew-in-law William Edward Butler [92] and won a seat in the General Assembly representing the counties of Carroll, Humphreys, Perry, Henderson and Madison.[93] He served in the first session, which ran from September through the end of November 1823, and in the second session that ran September through the end of November 1824, championing the rights of the impoverished farmers.[94] During Andrew Jackson's election to the United States Senate in 1823, Crockett backed his opponent John Williams.[95]
United States House of Representatives
On October 25, 1824, Crockett notified his constituents of his intention to run in the 1825 election for a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives. He lost that election to the incumbent Adam Rankin Alexander.[96] A chance meeting in 1826 gained him the encouragement of Memphis mayor Marcus Brutus Winchester[97] to try again to win a seat in Congress.[98] The Jackson Gazette published a letter from Crockett on September 15, 1826, announcing his intention of again challenging Rankin, stating his opposition to the policies of President John Quincy Adams, Secretary of State Henry Clay and Rankin's position on the cotton tariff.[99] Militia veteran William Arnold also entered the race, and Crockett easily defeated both political opponents for the two-year term March 4, 1827 – March 3, 1829.[100][101] He arrived in Washington D.C. and took up residence at Mrs. Ball's Boarding House, where a number of other legislators lived when Congress was in session.[102] Jackson was elected as President of the United States in 1828. Crockett continued his legislative focus on settlers getting a fair deal for land titles, offering H.R. 27 amendment to a bill sponsored by James K. Polk.[103]
I believed it was a wicked, unjust measure ... I voted against this Indian bill, and my conscience yet tells me that I gave a good honest vote, and one that I believe will not make me ashamed in the day of judgement.
He was re-elected for the March 4, 1829 – March 3, 1831 session,[105] once again defeating Adam Rankin Alexander.[106] Crockett introduced H.R. 185 amendment to the land bill on January 29, 1830. The amendment was defeated May 3, 1830.[103] On February 25, 1830, Crockett introduced a resolution to abolish the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York,[107] because he felt it was public money going to benefit the sons of wealthy men.[108] He spoke out against Congress giving a lump sum amount of $100,000 to the widow of Stephen Decatur, citing that Congress was not empowered to do that.[109] Crockett opposed Jackson's 1830 Indian Removal Act, and was the only member of the Tennessee delegation to vote against it.[110] Cherokee chief John Ross sent him a letter on January 13, 1831, expressing his thanks for Crockett's vote.[111] His vote was not popular with his own district, and in 1831 he was defeated in the election by William Fitzgerald.[112]
Crockett ran against Fitzgerald again in the 1833 election and was returned to Congress, serving until 1835.[113][85] On January 2, 1834, Crockett introduced the land title resolution H.R. 126, but it never never made it as far as being open for debate on the House floor.[103] He was defeated for re-election in the August 1835 election by Adam Huntsman.[114] During his last term in Congress, Crockett collaborated with Kentucky Congressman Thomas Chilton to write his autobiography which was published by E. L. Carey and A. Hart in 1834 as A Narrative of the Life of David Crockett, Written by Himself .[115] Crockett went east to promote the book. In 1836, newspapers published the now-famous quote attributed to Crockett upon his return to his home state. He said, "I told the people of my district that I would serve them as faithfully as I had done; but if not, they might go to hell, and I would go to Texas."[116]
Texas Revolution
By December 1834, Crockett was writing to friends about moving to Texas if Van Buren were elected President. The next year he discussed with his friend Benjamin McCulloch raising a company of volunteers to take to Texas in the expectation that a revolution was imminent.[117] After the election results became known in August, his departure to Texas was delayed by a court appearance in the last week of October as co-executor of his deceased father-in-law's estate, and he finally left his home near Rutherford in West Tennessee on Nov. 1, 1835, with three other men to explore Texas.[118]His youngest child, Matilda, later wrote that she distinctly remembered the last time she saw her father: "He was dressed in his hunting suit, wearing a coonskin cap, and carried a fine rifle presented to him by friends in Philadelphia ... He seemed very confident the morning he went away that he would soon have us all to join him in Texas."[119] From his home he traveled to Jackson, arriving there with 30 well-armed men, where he gave a speech from the steps of the Madison County courthouse, and then rode southwest to Bolivar, where he spent the night at residence of Dr. Calvin Jones, once again drawing crowds who sent him off the next morning.[120] He arrived in Memphis in the second week of November with a much-diminished company, and ferried over the Mississippi River the next day and continued his journey on horseback through Arkansas.[121]
On November 12, 1835, Crockett and his entourage arrived in Little Rock, Arkansas. The local newspapers reported that hundreds of people swarmed into town to get a look at Crockett, and a group of leading citizens put on a dinner in his honor that night at the Jeffries Hotel. Crockett spoke "mainly to the subject of Texan independence," as well as Washington politics.[122]
He arrived in Nacogdoches, Texas, in early January 1836. On January 14, 1836, Crockett and 65 other men signed an oath before Judge John Forbes to the Provisional Government of Texas for six months: "I have taken the oath of government and have enrolled my name as a volunteer and will set out for the Rio Grande in a few days with the volunteers from the United States." Each man was promised about 4,600 acres (19 km2) of land as payment. He also sold two rifles to Colonel O'Neal for $60. (After his death there was a claim for his heirs for $57.50. In 1854 his widow received a payment certificate for $24.00 from Texas.) On February 6, Crockett and about five other men rode into San Antonio de Bexar and camped just outside the town. They were later greeted by James Bowie and Antonio Menchaca, and taken to the home of Don Erasmo Seguin.
Crockett arrived at the Alamo on February 8.[123] On February 23, to the surprise of the men garrisoned in the Alamo, a Mexican army led by General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna arrived. The Mexican soldiers immediately initiated a siege.[124][125] Santa Anna ordered his artillery to keep up a near-constant bombardment. The guns were moved closer to the Alamo each day, increasing their effectiveness. On February 25, 200–300 Mexican soldiers crossed the San Antonio River and took cover in abandoned shacks approximately 90 yards (82 m) to 100 yards (91 m) from the Alamo walls.[126][127]The soldiers intended to use the huts as cover to establish another artillery position, although many Texians assumed that they actually were launching an assault on the fort.[128] Several men volunteered to burn the huts.[129] To provide cover, the Alamo cannons fired grapeshot at the Mexican soldiers, and Crockett and his men fired rifles, while other defenders reloaded extra weapons for them to use in maintaining a steady fire. Within 90 minutes, the battle was over,[128] and the Mexican soldiers retreated.[130] Inside the Alamo, the stores of powder and shot were limited. On February 26, Travis ordered the artillery to stop returning fire so as to conserve precious ammunition. Crockett and his men were encouraged to keep shooting, as they were unusually effective.[131]
As the siege progressed, Alamo commander William Barret Travis sent many messages asking for reinforcements. Several messengers were sent to James Fannin, who commanded the only other official group of Texian soldiers. Fannin and several hundred Texians occupied Presidio La Bahia at Goliad. Although Fannin ultimately decided it was too risky to attempt to reinforce the Alamo, historian Thomas Ricks Lindley concludes that up to 50 of Fannin's men left his command to go to Bexar.[132] These men would have reached Cibolo Creek, 35 miles (56 km) from the Alamo, on the afternoon of March 3. There they joined another group of men who also planned to join the garrison.[133]
That same night, outside the Alamo, there was a skirmish between Mexican and Texian troops.[134] Several historians, including Walter Lord, speculated that the Texians were creating a diversion to allow their last courier, John Smith, to evade Mexican pickets.[134] However, in 1876, Alamo survivor Susannah Dickinson said that Travis sent three men out shortly after dark on March 3, probably a response to the arrival of Mexican reinforcements. The three men, who included Crockett, were sent to find Fannin.[135] Lindley stated that just before midnight, Crockett and one of the other men found the force of Texians waiting along Cibolo Creek, who had advanced to within 20 miles (32 km) of the Alamo. Just before daylight on March 4, part of the Texian force managed to break through the Mexican lines and enter the Alamo. A second group was driven across the prairie by Mexican cavalry.[136]
The siege ended on March 6, when the Mexican army attacked just before dawn while the defenders were sleeping. The daily bombardment by artillery had been suspended, perhaps a ploy to encourage the natural human reaction to a cessation of constant strain. But the garrison awakened and the final fight began. Most of the noncombatants gathered in the church sacristy for safety. According to Dickinson, before running to his post, Crockett paused briefly in the chapel to say a prayer.[137] When the Mexican soldiers breached the north outer walls of the Alamo complex, most of the Texians fell back to the barracks and the chapel, as previously planned.[138] Crockett and his men were too far from the barracks to take shelter.[139] and were the last remaining group in the mission to be in the open. The men defended the low wall in front of the church, using their rifles as clubs and relying on knives, as the action was too furious to allow reloading. After a volley and a charge with bayonets, Mexican soldiers pushed the few remaining defenders back toward the church.[140] The Battle of the Alamo lasted almost 90 minutes.[141]
Once all of the defenders had been killed, Santa Anna ordered his men to take the bodies to a nearby stand of trees where they were stacked together and wood piled on top.[142] That evening, a fire was lit and the bodies of the defenders were burned to ashes.[143]
The ashes were left undisturbed until February 1837, when Juan Seguin and his cavalry returned to Bexar to examine the remains. A local carpenter created a simple coffin, and ashes from the funeral pyres were placed inside. The names of Travis, Crockett, and Bowie were inscribed on the lid.[144] The coffin is thought to have been buried in a peach tree grove, but the spot was not marked and can no longer be identified.[145]
All that is certain about the fate of David Crockett is that he died fighting at the Alamo on the morning of March 6, 1836, at age 49. According to many accounts of the battle, between five and seven Texans surrendered during the battle, possibly to General Castrillon.[146][147]Incensed that his orders to take no prisoners had been ignored, Santa Anna demanded the immediate execution of the survivors. Although Castrillon and several other officers refused to do so, staff officers who had not participated in the fighting drew their swords and killed the unarmed Texians.[148]
Weeks after the battle, stories began to circulate that Crockett was among those who surrendered and were executed.[147]However, Ben, a former American slave who acted as cook for one of Santa Anna's officers, maintained that Crockett's body was found in the barracks surrounded by "no less than sixteen Mexican corpses", with Crockett's knife buried in one of them.[149] Historians disagree on which story is accurate. According to Petite, "every account of the Crockett surrender-execution story comes from an avowed antagonist (either on political or military grounds) of Santa Anna's. It is believed that many stories, such as the surrender and execution of Crockett, were created and spread in order to discredit Santa Anna and add to his role as villain."[150]
In 1955, Jesús Sánchez Garza self-published a book called La Rebelión de Texas—Manuscrito Inédito de 1836 por un Ofical de Santa Anna purporting to be memoirs of José Enrique de la Peña, a Mexican officer present at the Battle of the Alamo. In 1975, the Texas A&M University Press published an English translation of the book, called With Santa Anna in Texas: A Personal Narrative of the Revolution. The English publication caused a scandal within the United States, as it asserted that Crockett did not die in battle.[151] Historians disagree on whether any or all of the book has been falsified.[151][152] Because the original book was self-published, no editor or publisher ever vetted its authenticity.[153] Sánchez Garza never explained how he gained custody of the documents or where they were stored after de la Peña's death.[154]
Some historians, including Bill Groneman, found it suspicious that Sánchez Garza's compilation was published in 1955, at the height of interest in Crockett and the Alamo caused by Walt Disney's television miniseries about Crockett's life, Davy Crockett. Groneman also points out that the journals are made up of several different types of paper from several different paper manufacturers, all cut down to fit.[154] Historian Joseph Musso also questions the validity, likewise basing his suspicions on the timing of the diaries' release.
In de la Peña's narrative, he adds a footnote which may align both versions. He states that "All of the enemy perished, there remaining alive only an elderly lady and a Negro slave, whom the soldiers spared out of mercy and because we had established that only force had kept them in danger." (Perry 1975) This implies that the summary execution of the survivors may have occurred prior to the releasing of Dickinson and Joe, so that they observed Crockett as dead, lending credence to their testimony. De la Peña describes the disposal of the dead and wounded as an ongoing process that took some time.
First, no other accounts of Crockett's surviving the Alamo have surfaced besides de la Peña's diary. No documentation in the archives of the Mexican government, nor any of the personal records of others present at the Battle of the Alamo, give any hint of survivors amongst the defenders, much less any claiming Crockett as a survivor. Secondly, there is some speculation that de la Peña's account may have been a deliberate fabrication, with the intention of presenting Santa Anna in a far more diabolical light than American (and especially Texan) historians have given him since the fall of the Alamo.
The written account by de la Peña, even if a legitimate writing, has also been questioned in that many doubt his abilities to identify any of the Alamo defenders by name. It is a popular belief by many historians that de la Peña may have witnessed or been told about executions of some Alamo survivors, but in fact neither he nor his comrades would have known who these men were. Part of the reason that de la Peña's memoirs are questioned comes from his detailed account of Col. William Travis' death in With Santa Anna in Texas. In that account, he describes with detail how Travis was heroic in his final moments, turning straight into the Mexican soldiers and facing his death with honor. The problem with this: how would de la Peña have been able to distinguish Travis from any of the other defenders of the Alamo? The freed former slave to Travis, Joe, claimed Travis died early on in the battle, on the north wall. In addition to this, the Mexican Army had not breached the walls of the Alamo when Travis was killed, therefore they would have been seeing him from an area below the walls, while being fired down upon by the defenders. To add to this, Travis was killed before daybreak, meaning it was still dark. Therefore, it is believed that de la Peña either created the scenario of Travis' death, or he saw another of the defenders after breaching the walls, and took him to be Travis.[155]
One of Crockett's sayings, which were published in almanacs between 1835 and 1856 (along with those of Daniel Boone and Kit Carson), was: Always be sure you are right, then go ahead.[156]
While serving in the United States House of Representatives, Crockett became a Freemason. He entrusted his masonic apron to the Weakly Lodge in Tennessee before leaving for Texas, and it still survives today.[157]
In 1967, the U.S. Postal Service issued a 5 cent stamp commemorating Davy Crockett.[158]
- Davy Crockett Birthplace State Park, Greene County
- David Crockett State Park, Lawrence County[159]
- Crockett County, Tennessee; its county seat is Alamo[160]
- Crockett County[161]
- Crockett, Texas, Houston County[162]
- David Crockett High School, Austin Independent School District[163]
- Davy Crockett Lake, Fannin County [164]
- Davy Crockett Loop, Prairies and Pineywoods Wildlife Trail – East [165]
- Davy Crockett National Forest, Angelina County[166]
- Davy Crockett School, Dallas Independent School District[167]
- Fort Crockett, Galveston County[168]
- M28 Davy Crockett Weapon System: a small Nuclear weapons system, the smallest developed by the U.S. which could be fired from a light vehicle, or even from a Shoulder-mounted launcher.[169]
- Alamo Cenotaph, San Antonio, sculptor Pompeo Coppini, west panel of the Cenotaph features a Crockett statue and a statue of William B. Travis in front of other Alamo defenders[170]
- David Crockett Statue, Ozona, Texas, sculptor William M. McVey [171][172]
- LIfe-size statue Colonel David Crockett, Public Square, Lawrenceburg, Tennessee, W.M.Dean Marble Company of Columbia[173][174]
In popular culture
In television
Crockett's legend was reborn in a 1950s TV show by Walt Disney, which also introduced his legendary coonskin cap. In 1948, Disney told columnist Hedda Hopper that it was "time to get acquainted, or renew acquaintance with, the robust, cheerful, energetic and representative folk heroes".[175]
Discovery Channel
A seventh-season episode of the Discovery Channel series MythBusters explored a story of Crockett's backwoods exploits: that he could stick an axe into a tree trunk, fire his long rifle from 40 yards away, and hit the edge so precisely that the bullet would split in two. After some practice, Tory Belleci was able to duplicate the feat from 20 yards with the gun resting on sandbags and declared the myth "Confirmed," reasoning that Crockett could have consistently made the 40-yard shot with enough experience.
"The Ballad of Davy Crockett"[176] from the Disney TV show had four different versions of the song hit the Billboard Best Sellers pop chart in 1955. The versions by Bill Hayes, TV series star Fess Parker, and Tennessee Ernie Ford charted in the Top 10 simultaneously,[177] with Hayes' version hitting #1.[178]
In films
In films, Crockett has been played by:
- Charles K. French, Davy Crockett – In Hearts United (1909), silent[179]
- Hobart Bosworth, Davy Crockett (1910), silent[180]
- Dustin Farnum, Davy Crockett (1916), silent[181]
- Cullen Landis (Davy Crockett at the Fall of the Alamo, 1926, silent)[182]
- Jack Perrin (The Painted Stallion, 1937)[183]
- Lane Chandler (Heroes of the Alamo, 1937)[182]
- Robert Barrat (Man of Conquest, 1939)[184]
- George Montgomery (Davy Crockett, Indian Scout, 1950) [a different person, cousin of the famous Davy Crockett][185]
- Trevor Bardette (The Man from the Alamo, 1953)[185]
- Arthur Hunnicutt (The Last Command, 1955)[182]
- Fess Parker (co-starring with Buddy Ebsen as Georgie Russel in Davy Crockett, King of the Wild Frontier, 1955, and Davy Crockett and the River Pirates, 1956, both on ABC's Walt Disney Presents)[182]
- James Griffith (The First Texan, 1956)[186]
- John Wayne (The Alamo, 1960)[182]
- Brian Keith (The Alamo: Thirteen Days to Glory, 1987)[182]
- Merrill Connally (Alamo: The Price of Freedom, 1988)[187]
- Johnny Cash (Davy Crockett: Rainbow in the Thunder, 1988)[188]
- Tim Dunigan (Davy Crockett: Rainbow in the Thunder, Davy Crockett: A Natural Man, Davy Crockett: Guardian Spirit, Davy Crockett: Letter to Polly, 1988–1989)[188]
- David Zucker (The Naked Gun 2½: The Smell of Fear, 1991 [a very small cameo role])[189]
- John Schneider (James A. Michener's Texas, 1994)[190]
- Scott Wickware (Dear America: A Line in the Sand, 2000)[191]
- Justin Howard (The Anarchist Cookbook, 2002)[192]
- Billy Bob Thornton (The Alamo, 2004)"[182]
- Davy Crockett, musical play (unfinished), January, 1938-April, 1938, Kurt Weill[193][194]
See also
- ^ Historians believe there were more children of William David and Elizabeth, but that not all the records have yet been found.[13][14]
- ^ The number of David's siblings is not fully known. Nine children of John and Rebecca have been verified by historians and Crockett descendants: Nathan, William, Aaron, James, David, John, Elizabeth, Rebecca and Margaret Catharine.[22][23][6][24]
- ^ At the time of David Crockett's birth the surrounding area was part of an autonomous territory known as the State of Franklin. John Crockett was active in local politics and an advocate of the independent State of Franklin.[25][26] A replica of David's birthplace cabin stands near the site, now situated in the Davy Crockett Birthplace State Park[27]
- ^ John Canady's name was erroneously spelled as Kennedy in Crockett's autobiography, and in some books where the author used Crockett as the source.[31][32][33]
- ^ A museum now stands on the site of a reconstructed tavern.[30][34]
- ^ Abramson, Haskell & Lofaro 2006, pp. 300–301.
- ^ Lofaro, Michael A (December 2010). "David "Davy" Crockett". Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ Winders 2001, p. 9.
- ^ Antoine de Saussure Peronette de Crocketagne at Find a Grave
- ^ Louise de Saix at Find a Grave
- ^ a b c d e f DRT 2001, p. 43.
- ^ Joseph Louis Crockett at Find a Grave
- ^ Sarah Gilbert Stewart at Find a Grave
- ^ a b William David Crockett at Find a Grave
- ^ Elizabeth Boulay at Find a Grave
- ^ a b David "the Elder" Crockett at Find a Grave
- ^ Elizabeth Hedge Crockett at Find a Grave
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Wallis 2011, p. 19.
- ^ Winders 2001, p. 12.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 22–24.
- ^ Jones 2006, p. 1796.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 26,34.
- ^ Fulgham 2000, p. 102.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 26,27.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 21.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 32.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 11–12.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 11,12.
- ^ Hasday 2010, p. 7.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 33.
- ^ "Greene County". The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Tennessee Historical Society. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ "David Crockett Birthplace State Park". Tennessee State Parks. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 38.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 42.
- ^ a b Wallis 2011, p. 43.
- ^ Boylston & Wiener 2009, pp. 163–164.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 61.
- ^ Groneman 2005, p. .34.
- ^ Jones 2006, p. 1797.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 46–49.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 49–51.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 52.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 53.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 55–56.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 57–58.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 60.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 62.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 63.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 67.
- ^ "Davy Crockett's Marriage License Back in Rightful Place". The Blue Pages (Office of the Secretary of State of Tennessee) 1 (3). May 2010. Retrieved November 2, 2013.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 70.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 72–73.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 74.
- ^ a b Wallis 2011, pp. 76=77.
- ^ "John Wesley Crockett". United States Congress. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
- ^ a b c d Wallis 2011, p. 81.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 90.
- ^ a b c Wallis 2011, p. 93.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 94.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 131.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 133.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 134.
- ^ a b Wallis 2011, p. 146.
- ^ a b Wallis 2011, p. 156.
- ^ a b Wallis 2011, p. 162.
- ^ Mary "Polly" Finley Crockett at Find a Grave
- ^ Elizabeth Patton Crockett at Find a Grave
- ^ Rebecca E. Crockett Halford at Find a Grave
- ^ Matilda Crockett Fields at Find a Grave
- ^ Redden Fields at Find a Grave
- ^ Remini & Clark 2008, p. 24.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 103–104.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 106.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 107–108.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 111.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 114.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 118.
- ^ Bense 1999, p. 45.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 123.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 128.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 130.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 152.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 154.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 154–156.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 158.
- ^ "Members of the Tennessee General Assembly 1794 – 2010". Tennessee State Library and Archives. Retrieved November 7, 2013.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 159.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 159,160.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 163.
- ^ a b Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 326.
- ^ a b Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 16.
- ^ "Early North Carolina and Tennessee Land Grants". Tennessee State Library and Archives. Retrieved November 7, 2013.
- ^ Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 15.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 165.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 169.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 177,190.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 183–185.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 186.
- ^ Boylston & Wiener 2009, pp. 19,326.
- ^ Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 18.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 188–190.
- ^ "Marcus Brutus Winchester". Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 194–196.
- ^ Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 147.
- ^ "Credential of election for David Crockett, 09/18/1827". U.S. National Archives and Records Administration ARC Identifier 306597. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
- ^ Wallis 2011, pp. 199–200.
- ^ Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 14.
- ^ a b c Boylston & Wiener 2009, p. 327.
- ^ Crockett 1834, p. 206.
- ^ "Crockett, David, (1786–1836)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
- ^ Groneman 2005, p. 95.
- ^ "Congressman Davy Crockett's Resolution to Abolish the Military Academy at West Point, 02/25/1830". U.S. National Archives and Records Administration ARC Identifier 2173241. Retrieved October 20, 2013.
- ^ Groneman 2005, pp. 96,97.
- ^ Groneman 2005, pp. 97,98.
- ^ Groneman 2005, p. 97.
- ^ Boylston & Wiener 2009, pp. 198–199.
- ^ Groneman 2005, pp. 98–99.
- ^ Groneman 2005, pp. 106–107–99.
- ^ Wallis 2011, p. 275.
- ^ Groneman 2005, pp. 109–110.
- ^ *Crockett quote from the Niles Weekly Register newspaper, April 9, 1836
- ^ Cobia 2003, pp. 21–22.
- ^ Derr 1983, pp. 225–226.
- ^ Cobia 2003, p. 25.
- ^ Cobia 2003, pp. 28–29.
- ^ Cobia 2003, pp. 29,36.
- ^ Cobia 2003, pp. 40–44.
- ^ Hardin 1994, p. 117.
- ^ Edmondson 2000, p. 299.
- ^ Todish, Todish & Spring 1998, p. 40.
- ^ Todish, Todish & Spring 1998, pp. 42–43.
- ^ Tinkle 1985, p. 118.
- ^ a b Tinkle 1985, p. 119.
- ^ Lord 1961, p. 109.
- ^ Nofi 1992, p. 83.
- ^ Hardin 1994, p. 132.
- ^ Lindley 2003, p. 137.
- ^ Lindley 2003, p. 138.
- ^ a b Lindley 2003, p. 143.
- ^ Lindley 2003, p. 140.
- ^ Lindley 2003, p. 142.
- ^ Edmondson 2000, p. 363.
- ^ Todish, Todish & Spring 1998, p. 53.
- ^ Lord 1961, p. 162.
- ^ Edmondson 2000, p. 368.
- ^ Petite 1999, p. 114.
- ^ Edmondson 2000, p. 374.
- ^ Petite 1999, p. 139.
- ^ Petite 1999, p. 131.
- ^ Petite 1999, p. 132.
- ^ Edmondson 2000, p. 373.
- ^ a b Petite 1999, p. 123.
- ^ Hardin 1994, p. 148.
- ^ Tinkle 1985, p. 214.
- ^ Petite 1999, p. 124.
- ^ a b Todish, Todish & Spring 1998, p. 120.
- ^ Groneman 1999, p. 133.
- ^ Groneman 1999, p. 128.
- ^ a b Groneman 1999, p. 136.
- ^ Michael Lind's, The Death of David Crockett
- ^ Groneman 2005, p. 201.
- ^ Crockett, Davy. "Grand Lodge of Texas". Masonic Research. Grand Lodge of Texas. Retrieved 29 July 2012.
- ^ "Stamp Series". United States Postal Service. Retrieved October 2013.
- ^ "David Crockett State Park". Tennessee Dept of Environment and Conservation. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ "Crockett County, Tennessee". Tennessee Encyclopedia. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ Smith, Julia Cauble. "Crockett County". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ Long, Christopher; Bishop, Elize H. "Crockett, Texas". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ "David Crockett High School". Austin ISD. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ "Davy Crockett Lake". Texas Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ "Davy Crockett Loop". Great Texas Wildlife Trails. Texas Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ "Davy Crockett National Forest". U.S. Dept of Agriculture. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ "Davy Crockett School". Dallas City Hall. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ Darst, Maury. "Fort Crockett". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ "The Davy Crockett". The Brookings Institution. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
- ^ "Alamo Cenotaph". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ "David Crockett Statue, Ozona, Tx". Crockett County Museum. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
- ^ Little 1996, p. 348.
- ^ "Lawrenceburg Public Square". City of Lawrenceburg. Retrieved 25 January 2013.
- ^ "D Crockett Statue, Lawrenceburg, Tn". Waymarking. Retrieved 25 January 2013.
- ^ Roberts & Olson 2001, p. 238.
- ^ "The Ballad of Davy Crockett". U.S. Copyright Records Database. United States Copyright Office. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
- ^ Whitburn 2000, p. 732.
- ^ Whitburn 2000, p. 282.
- ^ The Moving Picture World, Volume 4. Moving Pictures Exhibitors Association. 1909. pp. 653, 690, 734, 760, 769, 780, 811, 885.
- ^ Langman 1992, p. 108.
- ^ Cozad 2002, pp. 229–230.
- ^ a b c d e f g Niemi 2006, pp. 10–16.
- ^ Michno, Michno & Michno 2008, pp. 53–55.
- ^ Langman & Ebner 2001, pp. 52–53.
- ^ a b Williamson 1995, pp. 278–279.
- ^ Langman 1992, p. 107.
- ^ Curtis, Gregory (May 1988). "The myth of the six-story Alamo". Texas Monthly: 5, 6.
- ^ a b Marill 2011, p. 22.
- ^ he Naked Gun 2½: The Smell of Fear at the Internet Movie Database
- ^ New York Media, LLC (April 17, 1995). "John Leonard's TV Notes". New York Magazine: 157.
- ^ Dear America: A Line in the Sand at the Internet Movie Database
- ^ Monush & Willis 2005, p. 190.
- ^ "Davy Crockett musical play". Allmusic.com. Retrieved 25 January 2013.
- ^ "Davy Crockett : piano score / Kurt Weill". U.S. Copyright Records Database. United States Copyright Office. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
- Abramson, Rudy; Haskell, Jean; Lofaro, Michael (2006). Encyclopedia of Appalachia. Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Press. ISBN 978-1-57233-456-4.
- Bense, Judith A. (1999). Archaeology of Colonial Pensacola (Florida Museum of Natural History: Ripley P. Bullen Series). Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-1661-0.
- Boylston, James R.; Wiener, Allen J. (2009). David Crockett in Congress: The Rise and Fall of the Poor Man's Friend. Houston, TX: Bright Sky Press. ISBN 978-1-933979-51-9.
- Cobia, Manley F., Jr. (2003). Journey into the Land of Trials: The Story of Davy Crockett's Expedition to the Alamo. Franklin, TN: Hillsboro Press. ISBN 978-1-57736-268-5.
- Cozad, W. Lee (2002). Those Magnificent Mountain Movies: The Golden Years 1911–1939. Lake Arrowhead, CA: Rim of the World Historic Society. ISBN 978-0-9723372-1-2.
- Crockett, David (1834). A Narrative of the Life of David Crockett. Baltimore, MD: E. L. Carey and A. Hart. OCLC 1306778.
- Derr, Mark (1983). The Frontiersman : The Real Life and the Many Legends of Davy Crockett. New York, NY: William Morrow. ISBN 978-0-688-13798-4.
- DRT (2001). Daughters of Republic of Texas – Vol II. Paducah, KY: Turner Publishing. ISBN 978-1-56311-641-4.
- Edmondson, J.R. (2000). The Alamo Story-From History to Current Conflicts. Plano, TX: Republic of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-585-24106-7.
- Fulgham, Richard Lee (2000). Appalachian Genesis: The Clinch River Valley from Prehistoric Times to the End of the Frontier Era. Johnson City, TN: Overmountain Press. ISBN 978-1-57072-088-8.
- Groneman, Bill (1999). Death of a Legend: The Myth and Mystery Surrounding the Death of Davy Crockett. Plano, TX: Republic of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-585-26267-3.
- Groneman, William (2005). David Crockett: Hero of the Common Man. New York, NY: Forge Books. ISBN 978-0-7653-1067-5.
- Hardin, Stephen L.. (1994). Texian Iliad. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-73086-1.
- Hasday, Judy L. (2010). Davy Crockett (Legends of the Wild West). New York, NY: Chelsea House Publications. ISBN 978-1-60413-592-3.
- Jones, Randell (2006). In the Footsteps of Davy Crockett. Winston-Salem, NC: John F. Blair. ISBN 978-0-89587-324-8.
- Langman, Larry (1992). A guide to silent westerns. New York, NY: Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-27858-7.
- Langman, Larry; Ebner, David (2001). Hollywood's Image of the South: A Century of Southern Films. New York, NY: Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-31886-3.
- Lindley, Thomas Ricks (2003). Alamo Traces: New Evidence and New Conclusions. Lanham, MD: Republic of Texas Press. ISBN 978-1-55622-983-1.
- Little, Carol Morris (1996). A Comprehensive Guide to Outdoor Sculpture in Texas. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-76036-3.
- Lord, Walter (1961). A Time to Stand. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-7902-7.
- Marill, Alvin H. (2011). Television Westerns: Six Decades of Sagebrush Sheriffs, Scalawags, and Sidewinders. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8133-4.
- Michno, Gregory; Michno, Gregory F.; Michno, Susan (2008). Circle the Wagons!: Attacks on Wagon Trains in History and Hollywood Films. Jefferson. NC: McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-3997-3.
- Monush, Barry; Willis, John (2005). Screen World: 2004 Film Annual. New York, NY: Applause Theatre & Cinema Books. ISBN 978-1-55783-638-0.
- Niemi, Robert (2006). History in the Media: Film And Television. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-57607-952-2.
- Nofi, Albert A. (1992). The Alamo and the Texas War of Independence, September 30, 1835 to April 21, 1836: Heroes, Myths, and History. Conshohocken, PA: Combined Books, Inc. ISBN 978-0-585-19807-1.
- Petite, Mary Deborah (1999). 1836 Facts about the Alamo and the Texas War for Independence. Mechanicsburg, PA: Savas Publishing Company. ISBN 978-1-882810-35-2.
- Remini, Robert V.; Clark, Wesley K. (2008). Andrew Jackson (Great Generals). New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-60015-7.
- Roberts, Randy; Olson, James S (2001). A Line in the Sand: The Alamo in Blood and Memory. New York, NY: The Free Press. ISBN 978-0-684-83544-0.
- Tinkle, Lon (1985). 13 Days to Glory: The Siege of the Alamo. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 978-0-89096-238-1.. Reprint. Originally published: New York: McGraw-Hill, 1958
- Todish, Timothy J.; Todish, Terry; Spring, Ted (1998). Alamo Sourcebook, 1836: A Comprehensive Guide to the Battle of the Alamo and the Texas Revolution. Austin, TX: Eakin Press. ISBN 978-1-57168-152-2.
- Wallis, Michael (2011). David Crockett: The Lion of the West. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-06758-3.
- Whitburn, Joel (2000). Top Pop Singles 1955–1999. Menomonee Falls, WI: Record Research, Inc. ISBN 978-0-89820-142-0.
- Williamson, Jerry Wayne (1995). Hillbillyland: What the Movies Did to the Mountains and What the Mountains Did to the Movies. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4503-5.
- Winders, Richard Bruce (2001). Davy Crockett: The Legend of the Wild Frontier. New York, NY: Rosen Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8239-5747-7.
Further reading
Numerous books have been written about David Crockett, including the first one that bears his name as its author.
External links
|Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Davy Crockett
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
- Davy Crockett at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Crockett, David". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press
- Online books, and library resources in your library and in other libraries about Davy Crockett
- Online books, and library resources in your library and in other libraries by Davy Crockett
- David Crocket: His Life and Adventures by John S. C. Abbott (1805–1877) public domain audiobooks from LibriVox
- Official site of the descendants of David Crockett
- David Crockett from the Handbook of Texas Online
- "An account of Col. Crockett's tour to the North and down East, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty-four ... written by David Crockett, and published 1835, hosted by the Portal to Texas History."
- First Hand Alamo Accounts
|United States House of Representatives
|Preceded by
Adam Rankin Alexander
|Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Tennessee's 9th congressional district
|Succeeded by
William Fitzgerald
|Preceded by
District created
|Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Tennessee's 12th congressional district
|Succeeded by
Adam Huntsman
- 1786 births
- 1836 deaths
- Alamo defenders
- Members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee
- Members of the Tennessee House of Representatives
- People of the Creek War
- People from Tennessee
- American people of Anglo-Irish descent
- American people of Scotch-Irish descent
- American people of English descent
- American people of Huguenot descent
- People of the Texas Revolution
- People from Greene County, Tennessee
- Tennessee National Republicans
- Tennessee Jacksonians
- People from the State of Franklin
- American autobiographers
- 19th-century American writers


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Lights of Hope
At this time of year, our hearts and thoughts turn to those who bless our lives today and those who have brightened our lives in the past. This year, celebrate by honouring a special loved one with a gift in honour of someone still with us or with a memorial gift to the Chinook Regional Hospital Foundation.
Each gift is recognized with a personalized Christmas light ornament that will be placed in the hospital atrium from December 1st to 31st, 2019. Donor names will be listed on our website for the month of December. Additionally, a special supplement listing of all donors, memorials and tributes will run mid-January in the Lethbridge Herald.
We thank you again for celebrating the spirit of giving this year by honouring your loved ones. Last year, the Lights of Hope Campaign raised over $123,000.00. This Annual December Tradition not only brightens the Hospital Atrium but proudly shows that giving and generosity in our wonderful community is alive and well.
The ongoing goal of the Chinook Regional Hospital Foundation is to raise, receive and to distribute funds for equipment and programs that will enhance patient services and health programs in our community. Monies raised from this year's Lights of Hope Campaign will support the ongoing renovation and redevelopment of the Mental Health Facilities at the Chinook Regional Hospital.
We sincerely thank you for your gift, your support and your generosity in this season of giving.
Make a donation to the 2019 Lights of Hope
View the 2019 Lights of Hope Donors
Make a donation to the 2019 Lights of Hope
View the 2019 Lights of Hope Donors


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The minimum ages vary depending on the group - most are for adults, but there are some open to under 18s. If you have specific queries about any teams for young people, just drop us a line.
Here's a break down of which teams are open for ages 13-17:
Gems 13+
Pebbles 14+
Groundbreakers 15+
Rock Solid 15+
Boulder Gang 15+
Stepping Stones 15+
Club One 16+


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First, Microsoft and Nokia. Then, Apple sending out its iPhone 5S invites. And now, just in case you hadn't had enough, Google announcing that the next iteration of Android (version 4.4) will be known as Android KitKat, not Key Lime … Continue reading
Monthly Archives: September 2013
Microsoft to acquire Nokia's devices & services business for around EUR 5.44B ($7.2B)
In a surprise move, Microsoft announced Monday evening that it has inked a deal with Nokia to acquire "substantially all of Nokia's Devices & Services business, license Nokia's patents, and license and use Nokia's mapping services." Nokia chief Elop, a … Continue reading


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Scientific publications
Increased serum concentrations of procollagen peptides in essential hypertension. Relation to cardiac alterations
Díez J., Laviades C., Mayor G., Gil M.J., Monreal I.
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
Magazine: Circulation
Date: Mar 1, 1995Biochemistry [SP] Cardiology
The serum concentrations of two procollagen-derived peptides, procollagen type III amino terminal peptide (PIIIP) and procollagen type I carboxy terminal peptide (PIP), have been proposed as useful markers of the tissue synthesis of collagen type III and type I, respectively. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate fibrogenic activity in patients with essential hypertension by measuring serum PIIIP and PIP. Furthermore, since hypertensive heart disease is characterized by myocardial accumulation of collagen type III and type I, a second aim of the study was to assess whether some relation exists between the serum concentrations of PIIIP and PIP and several parameters of left ventricular anatomy and function in hypertensive patients.
The study was performed in 50 patients with never-treated essential hypertension and in 30 normotensive control subjects. Measurements were repeated in 43 hypertensive patients after 6 months of treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril. The serum concentrations of PIIIP and PIP were measured by specific radioimmunoassay. Two-dimensional, targeted M-mode and Doppler ultrasound recordings were obtained in every subject to determine several parameters of the left ventricle anatomy and function. Ambulatory ECG monitoring was performed in each patient, and the recorded ventricular arrhythmias were categorized according to Lown-Wolf classification. Baseline serum PIIIP and PIP were increased (P < .001) in hypertensive patients as compared with normotensive subjects. An inverse correlation was found between serum PIIIP and the ratio between maximal early transmitral flow velocity and maximal late transmitral flow velocity measured during diastole (r = .3786, P < .01) in the group of hypertensive patients. Serum PIP was correlated directly with the left ventricular mass index (r = .3277, P < .05) in the group of hypertensive patients. Serum PIP concentrations increased in parallel with the increase in the grade of ventricular arrhythmias in the group of hypertensive patients. Treated patients attained normalization in blood pressure, amelioration of diastolic filling, regression of left ventricular mass index, and a diminution in the number of daily ventricular extrasystoles. In addition, serum PIIIP and PIP concentrations decreased significantly (P < .001) to normal values in patients treated with lisinopril.
These findings suggest that tissue synthesis of collagen type III and type I is abnormally increased in essential hypertension and can be normalized by treatment with lisinopril. On the other hand, our results suggest that serum PIIIP and PIP are related to several anatomic and functional alterations of the hypertensive left ventricle. Serum procollagen peptide measurements may therefore provide indirect diagnostic information on the myocardial fibrosis associated with arterial hypertension.
CITATION Circulation. 1995 Mar 1;91(5):1450-6
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I just started this blog: https://vegan244.wordpress.com/
, enjoy
I just started this blog: https://vegan244.wordpress.com/
, enjoy
Posted in Nutrition, Food, Recipes, Health | Leave a Comment »
Hello Dear World. Every piece we learn on the journey to a food revolution can be one more step on the journey. Going vegan seems to be taking me decades and recently I came much further on the journey. All the work I did writing this raw food blog has paid off and once again I encourage everyone to write a blog on anything you're interested in learning more about or sharing.
This has become a summer for decluttering myself from habits I was so curious about being free from. How would it feel to no longer have to have coffee? It feels really free. Gluten free? Amazing. And free from eating dead animals? Very natural. It's an unusual opportunity to have a choice about going vegan. In human history we always went for what we could find to eat of course. And while we found it's easier to sneak up on a plant, if there were no plants available…like I think about Eric the Red who founded Greenland – he must have lived off fish?
On going vegan, if you're interested, you can pick an interest and let that be your motivation: Health, Environment, Philosophy, Curiosity, etc.
Curiosity sparked my going vegetarian in the 80's. Health was why I quit dairy over 16 years ago. And when I saw "A Life Among Whales" I was astonished at what the people in charge of killing the animals may be watching all day. Do we really want to support this industry? or do we want people to have healthier jobs? Now I learn it takes 2,000 gallons of water for every gallon of milk (Pearce, When the Rivers Run Dry: Water–The Defining Crisis of the Twenty-first Century, 2007). And I learn there are Farm Sanctuaries (where farm animals are rescued and cared for). Joel Furhman ("Eat to Live") writes if there was any one food he could take away from the American diet to save the most lives, it would be cheese. I understand from T. Colin Campbell ("The China Study") casein (milk/cheese protein) is a carcinogen. If you're looking for a site, you might check out http://nutritionfacts.org/.
Clothes and going vegan…that's like a final frontier. There are companies putting to use some great materials (pleather replacing leather, primaloft replacing down, etc). It seems to me, someone is going to make a mint in this field. As people start figuring out things like we've been destroying rainforests to grow fast food hamburgers (and while they sold billions, they threw away exponentially more right in the trash, due to: The policy to keep the bins full and quickly ready to sell to customers and the law against selling them after a few minutes of having been cooked). Just now we learn thru NPR that China and Europe don't add a muscle growth chemical the U.S. regularly uses in pigs:
<iframe src="http://www.npr.org/player/embed/432102733/432192451″ width="100%" height="290″ frameborder="0″ scrolling="no">
People are getting ready to move on. It will take lots of starts but the change is coming. A close friend (in her 60's) went on Atkins and for the first time had to take cholesterol pills. When she later became vegan (in her 70's), guess what? no need for the pills anymore. People are finding out on their own. No matter how many billions get pumped into selling misinformation, we're finding our way and it is a big thanks to the doctors helping us by writing books that point to the evidence they are seeing and inspire us to try a little something different this time. Just experiment, your body is your laboratory.
On BookTV I saw a lawyer who was also a doctor speaking about sugar. (Sugar, the other white powder as Dr. Julie Holland calls it in Moody Bitches.) Anyway his point was we can pass laws locally, the way we have with alcohol. There are little stores near schools all across the country where kids walk in on their way to and from school to buy sugar. You could card for the sugar consumption during certain hours, the way we do alcohol.
Sugar addiction is so difficult to overcome and extremely expensive for our healthcare system. He pointed out diabetes is so expensive because unlike smokers people living with diabetes live with care for it a much longer time (many getting diabetes starting very young now), the smokers passed at about the time of retirement when they would have collected federal benefits. Isn't it sad to think of it like that? I hope it's just the point that we see and that we are extremely compassionate with ourselves and any others we know suffering from anything.
It is compassion that will help us. Shaming and blaming do not inspire the kind of courage, strength and hope it takes to make authentic change for ourselves and others. My best wishes to everyone. And one more thing – huge thanks to Ed Brown for his dear cookbook that I find comforting and inspiring – The Complete Tassajara Cookbook.
Posted in Food, Nutrition | Leave a Comment »
I want to encourage you to write a raw food blog or a blog about anything you want to get going on/form a habit with/learn about. Writing this blog over the years helped me find ways to bring more and more raw fruits and veggies into my daily life. Reading books like Eat to Live and journal articles cited here, the comments, it all helped normalize eating for example 2 pints of blueberries in a day (which I did yesterday; one pint was blueberry cereal). Anyway think about it. When I started this blog I really was just starting the rawfood journey only having occasional contact with a rawfoodist friend of ours as my initial inspiration. This blog became a notebook.
Now that our gardens are in full bloom, I see kale is very hardy and came back from last year like it owns the place, even growing between our vegetable garden boxes. Smooth leaf kale varieties are simple to wash. Pluck the leaves toss them into a high speed blender (like a ktech or vitamix) with a can of pineapple (fresh pineapple isn't sweet enough) and even the pickiest eaters will enjoy drinking in the fresh life of kale.
Posted in Nutrition, Food, Recipes, Health | 1 Comment »
I don't know why I think its so exciting to think we have all the gut bacteria friends working together with us like a very huge and very diverse team! Some notes from Discover magazine (Jan/Feb 2013) re: recent research by: NIH's Human Microbiome Project and MetaHIT
Apparently more than 1,000 species were found, "…each person's body supports many different microbial ecosystems. The vagina, for example is like a sparsely populated prairie, where as…'The distal gut of a human is one of the densest microbial ecosystems on the planet.' says Stanford University microbiologist David Relman…" We're diverse like a rainforest.
"People are very different from one another, but they are consistent with themselves. Two healthy Americans' microbial communities can differ by as much as 90 percent, but an individual's distinct ensemble of bugs tends to stay stable over many years…Already doctors are having success treating diseases like colitis with fecal transplants to reestablish gut flora in patients who have received intensive rounds of antibiotics" (Discover magazine, Jan/Feb 2013; p.21).
In case you missed the (MetaHIT organized) conference held in Paris last year:
"…the International Human Microbiome Congress, which we think will remain a landmark event in the field of human microbiome research. Here are a few Take Homme Messages we feel are among the most important elements to remember after the Congress:
In this video Stanford and NYU Med. Ctr. researchers discuss their research: ASM Live — Antibiotic Exposure, The Microbiome and Obesity. ASM is the American Society of Microbiology. There is some talk on diet in the said video see minute 14:12; and probiotics ~18:30; interesting points also after ~23:30). I see they're trying to find where the bacteria are coming from, which is why they are interested in babies and how their biomes get their start.
I'd like to see more research on the notion that eating processed sugar and white flour products creates an aggressively growing population of bacteria that then crave more sugar and make you crave eating more sugar. Is it like a yeast festival that kind of takes over in your gut? Edging out the life of the "good" bacteria that are just kindly waiting for your next salad? lol
Here is an excellent lecture on microbe communication by Dr. Bonnie Bassler at Princeton (starts at 3:30). WOW bacteria have been around for 4 billion years and were the first organisms on earth! Some of our bacteria digest our food, make our vitamins and inform our immune system. Bacteria communicate and chemicals are their words. They do so "bi-lingually" with a kind universally known language among various kinds of bacteria. They can sense when there are plenty of their type around and this helps them know if they have enough to take over an organism. So our intercepting their ability to communicate seems to hold promise. "They eavesdrop, they cheat, they free ride…" lol she's awesome.
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Here are some deets I found on Dr. Pawlak who holds her Ph.D. degree in biochemistry, and has done post-doctoral studies in the fields of immuno-biology, chemistry, genetics and the biochemistry of the brain.
Books (She's been publishing since the 1990's on nutrition and brain)
This looks like a site she smoshed together in 2001.
Wasn't able to find even a single radio interview (much less a video) online for this gal, argh! I may have to go to one of her seminars where she will talk about gut bacteria's extensive effects on us, see lecture topics for FOOD, MOOD & COGNITION :
ated Brain Inflammation – Promoting Addictive Behaviors?
Common Denominator?
Signals That Impact Overeating, Mood and Cognition. Gut Dysfunction, Inflammation and Brain Health.
to Stress.
Arthritis, Autism, ADD/ADHD, Obesity, Eating Disorders, Depression, and Other Chronic Disease States.
Health? Dangerous Grains: Who Could Benefit From a Gluten Free Diet?
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Chris's cancer survivor blog has some interesting info and survivor stories (here is his Youtube Channel link). Below is a short video of his 2012 talk in New York. Below that is a summit on the topic of natural treatments for cancer. I was just interested because I have heard generally about this without having specific resources, so I wanted to note a couple. FYI, I really don't know anything about this topic; this blog is really my notebook of sorts, a place to plunk things.
Posted in Nutrition, Food, Recipes, Health | Leave a Comment »
Why is a raw food blogger writing about CVS? What is CVS? Here is NIH's ideas on it. It's a complex and rare digestive gig and little is known about it. While I am hesitant to self-disclose I also feel an obligation to get the word out and who knows maybe connect with people who have new solutions. I already participated in one study, sending my genes to California. I have lived with CVS since 1997. It was only in Oct 2011 that I stumbled upon a medical journal article and then other helpful resources, like CVSA (thank you!) that I discovered a name for it.
After acting on recommendations and realizing others, I found that maybe I can eliminate the recurrence from my life (holding my breath here, my last event was July 2011). This, my longest remission, came in spite of it being a high stress time of my life; this makes me think the measures I take are all the more remarkable. There were no new stress reducing habits acquired during this time. I have been doing yoga (3-4) hours a week for 3 years and Mindfulness meditation practice for 9 years.
CVS is a great puzzle at its best. I'm still learning. It seems it may have a neurological component. One gastroenterologist told me it may be as if your digestive system has gone to sleep. That sounded absurd and simplistic at first. Although now, years later, I think this may be a key. Another gastroenterologist, who claimed to be one of the specialists in CVS, told me a trauma can trigger the start of CVS. While I'm not a firefighter I was in a fire once and he felt that event triggered it for me.
Any who, what to do if this is your deal or for anyone you know with this. This is my experience of what is working. Raw simple fruits and vegetables turns out to be one of the keys in eliminating CVS from your life. De-complicate your meals; I have lots of little meals in the day: an ounce of walnuts, or an avocado, that's a meal; eat 8 ounces of greens with healthy omegas in your dressing, that's a meal.
Cheese and chocolate are repeatedly advanced as culprits in the literature – these can trigger episodes, and it's as though by a build up in your system. I think its the casein. Even non-dairy cheese like soy-cheese almost always has casein and soy-cheese definitely contributes to causing an event. So also for example coconut based chocolate is a better option than milk based chocolate. Skipping chocolate all together is the best option.
Casein is the basis for a wood-glue and it is in dairy products (making up 80% of the proteins in cow milk) and basically gunks up your system. Try washing the side of your car with a slice of pizza as Dr. Fuhrman (this link goes to an excellent, dense interview) says. People always say to me then, but I like cheese. You can always juxtapose the experience of your liking to be skinny or healthy or free from disease and suffering caused by obesity. I am starting to think it is possible that Americans just may get rid of cheese the way they did cigarettes. Americans can find their way out of the obesity epidemic. Stephan Guyenet shows 4% of American white men age 40-49 were obese in 1892; in the year 2000 its 25%. Can we get it back down to 4% with all the science and information access we have today? Is there something you can do to help? With ideas for anyone, please leave a comment or do anything you think could be useful.
Moving on, fried anything is terrible for you. I think it belongs to the complicated food problem; use the KISS principle (Keep it Simple Stupid), a lead auto-mechanic once told me that! Combinations of foods all mixed in a dish seem to be too complicated to work with. When you heat up oil it creates tons of free radicals which oxygen has to carry out of your system. Free radicals are capable of causing mutations in your DNA (Brain Rules, John Medina, p.20). Alcohol also apparently is also not helpful to people with CVS. Interesting aside, apparently alcohol is measurably destructive for your brain (see Daniel Amen's lecture based on 63,00 brain scans: Change your brain, Change your life). His institute also found the following hurt your brain: obesity, SAD diet, lack of exercise, diabetes)
The key ideas I found online that REALLY helped with CVS: Never eat large evening meals; take CoQ-10 (not sure if that is helping or not, however I have been taking it daily since Oct 2011); if an episode is coming on take very long hot showers (sounds cray cray doesn't it? It works. And I have no idea why.); take a migraine pill. Deep breath and massage your stomach, try to wake up your digestion kindly and compassionately; don't go to sleep with an abdominal migraine, instead mindfully stay awake to your experience and fill yourself with oxygen. I use mindfulness practice to bring myself towards the experience; applying mindfulness skills is VERY helpful.
Sorry I just have the one medical journal article citation handy (see below), I believe there is a good one in one of the Nature journals and there are others, just search Pubmed. Take great care of yourself and those around you!
Two Common Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphisms are Highly Associated with Migraine Headache and Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2008.01793.x Cephalalgia July 2009 vol. 29 no. 7 719-728 authors: EA Zaki,
T Freilinger, T Klopstock, EE Baldwin, KRU Heisner, K Adams, M Dichgans, S Wagler and RG Boles; Author Affiliations
Posted in Health, Nutrition, Food, Recipes, Health | Tagged Cyclic Vomitting Syndrome (CVS) | Leave a Comment »


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Cruising in luxury boats is one of the fastest growing leisure activities around the world. Though in India it's a relatively new concept, many Indians started seeking new luxury statements in water. With an idea to make 'leisure boating' affordable in India, Captain Mathew and his son Donny Mathew, from Kochi have set up their firm — Nautilus Yachts, in Dubai and Kochi. Nautilus Yachts deals with world's leading yacht brands for the Indian as well as foreign markets.
Being worked as a Master Mariner for 35 years, Captain Mathew had a wide exposure to projects across the globe. With his yacht enthusiast son around, along with his companion Joseph, they decided to start Nautilus Yachts. Donny Mathew was previously employed as the General Manager with a leading yacht manufacturer in the Middle East and prior to that had spent 3 years in the business development of a leading automotive group in the Middle East. Their diverse experience imparted a question in them "Why don't we have yachts in India"? Donny Mathew speaks about yachts and his company to Small Enterprise India.
Please tell us something about your company.
Nautilus Yachts started in Dubai in 2006 and has expanded its operations in India, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and Oman with both sales and service centers.
We are the leading luxury yacht dealers in Asia-Middle East-Africa and exclusively represent the top 16 yacht brands worldwide, including- hi-speed ferries, specialised vessels and boat brands from Italy, USA, Norway and Spain, besides our own brands. Our yacht and mega yacht portfolio is the widest in the world with boats starting from 17 feet and going over 200 feet Mega Yachts.
We have also launched a range of luxury hotel yachts and luxury house boats from USA. These offer a very unique concept in the hospitality industry.
Please tell us about the brand Nautilus?
A range of boats under our own brand name is being manufactured from our offshore facility in Bangkok with an Italian team. Yachts made in Bangkok are being shipped to India. Our idea is to make 'leisure boating' affordable in India.
Why did'nt you choose India for your manufacturing units?
We are dealing with clients world wide. So an international standard has to be made for our products. Indian market is in the blooming stage. So there is lack of highly experienced people. But we do have a plan to have manufacturing units in India soon.
Does yachting in India have huge growth potential?
There is a visible change in people's lifestyle choices and attitude towards leisure. This growth is being fuelled by an upbeat Indian economy as disposable incomes and aspirations are rising. We have clients even in Delhi where there is no space for water rides. Along with all this there is the linking of yachting and the hospitality industry.
With its vast coastal lines and backwaters, India has huge potentials.
Is it true that next to Mumbai, Kerala is fast growing in this segment?
Kochi has the natural resources, a steady development of infrastructure. Only Kochi in India is having a marina with international standards. This also is a boost to the industry keeping away parking blues.
We find builders showing interest in yachting as a value-added entity for their projects. We have already got lots of orders from city-based customers. The more moving models in India are the one's ranging from 5mnto 4bn, still we have a client in Kerala who booked one with 40bn tag.
New Models / Features and Ranges?
Some luxury models like N 36 Cruiser and N 27 Coupe Cruiser, are specifically designed for Indian waters. The former can accommodate 12 passengers and the latter, eight people.
Ranging from 20 ft to 200 ft, the prize varies on size as well as brands. There are yachts starting from 50 lakhs to 250 crores. The base model is a 70ft Absolute, an Italian company. These are like five-star hotels, many with gyms, jacuzzis, office space and a party room.
We have introduced a new range of Luxury Hotel Yachts from USA. These yachts open up a whole new area of business opportunity for an existing hotel group or anyone who is entering the hospitality business.
What are the challenges you face?
People are not being aware of this beautiful leisure and its business potentials especially in the hospitality industry. Secondly there is a notion that it is rich man's game.
What are your marketing techniques?
Luxury boats are addictive, so if someone gets one, there is a great possibility that in a few years, they will want a bigger boat. So customer satisfaction holds utmost priority and importance in our marketing tool.
Also we publish a magazine Yachting Times with top news in yachting industry circulated among the business class. This is intended to create an interest among people.
We also have Authorised Dealers (NAD) with local knowledge, experience and local service support to ensure our global presence.
Future plans
As Indian market is rapidly growing we expect a 20% growth in business every year. We are doing our best to provide our customers with tailor made yachts for Indian waters, at a competitive price. Along with our promise for effective after-sales service we have also located private Marinas where owners without a private jetty can moor their yachts. Manufacturing unit in India is also being taken up.