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—Or Reasons why "Flood Geology" was abandoned in the mid-1800s by Christian men of science
by Edward T. Babinski
Flood geology bears all the signs of an idea that has not been properly thought through: its implications have never been carefully considered by its creationist exponents. For instance, conglomerate is a type of rock that looks kind of like a natural concrete. It has a matrix of sandstone or other fine-grained rock, but embedded in this are many rounded pebbles of various sizes, and even boulders… The Institute for Creation Research implies that Noah's Flood was responsible for all the great concentrations of conglomerates throughout the world. But they nowhere face up to the great problems that this idea creates. One major difficulty is that many large deposits of conglomerate lie on top of great thicknesses - often several miles - of fine-grained sedimentary rock. The great conglomerate sea cliffs near Marseilles, for instance, are hundreds of feet high and contain boulders more than a foot in diameter. What purely natural processes would enable the Flood to deposit a thickness of several miles of fine-grained sediments first, and then place the boulder-laden conglomerates on top? Have Flood geologists not heard the expression, to sink like a stone? Another problem for them is the clean, sharp lines often found at the boundaries between geologic layers. (The layers which face upward often have fossil limpets or barnacles attached to them. This shows that those layers had time to harden into rock and attract rock-clinging shellfish before the next stratum was laid down, which is hardly likely to happen in a flood that laid down a mile-thick layer of unconsolidated sediments in less than a year.) These sharp boundary lines are particularly troublesome in the case of conglomerate rock atop underlying sandstone. Clearly, the lower layer must already have hardened into rock before the conglomerate was dumped on top, as otherwise the stones would have sunk into it. If one flood deposited both layers in quick succession, how could the underlying sandstone have hardened so fast? Above all, there is the fact that the boulders inside conglomerate often contain fossils. How did they get there if, as Flood geologists assert, fossils are the remains of creatures that died in the Flood? And these boulders in conglomerate are nearly always rounded, as if they had been rolled around on a river or sea bed for long periods before being dumped in their last resting place. Of course, one can always argue that God specially created these rounded, fossil-laden boulders, and then miraculously caused the Flood to place them on top of the fine-grained deposits…
— Alan Hayward [old-earth creationist Christian], Creation and Evolution
Oyster-like creatures are found from bottom to top of the geologic record-strange for slow moving bottom-dwellers. In chalk deposits a definite succession of different species of the same type of creature are found, separate and unmixed, at different levels… If they all once lived together, why do whales, seals, placoderms and oricthyosaurs not appear with modern fishes in fossilized marine Devonian environments?… Why, if the flood took place rapidly, are sandstones nearly always void of fossils? Uniformitarians reasonably explain that, over a period, shells are oxidized and abraded out of existence by the sand - but is a year long flood enough time for that to happen?…
— Michael Pitman [Christian], Adam and Evolution
Flood geologists have proposed that hydraulic sorting explains the succession of fossils found in the geologic record. But such a proposal is clearly a non-starter. There are fossil ammonites, whose beautiful spiral shells contain buoyancy chambers, and are therefore very light - yet they're never found in the upper levels. And ammonoid species ranging in size from a fraction of an inch to several feet across are all found together in the same deposit… The proposal that differential mobility explains the order found in the fossil record loses all credibility too. Why is there not a single human fossil below the topmost layer? Were there no inhabitants of the coastal plains who were overwhelmed in their sleep? No cripples or sick folk unable to flee to higher ground? And why are the pterodactyl fossils all in the middle layers? You would think that at least one or two of them would have flapped their way to the hilltops… Another proposal is that the Flood scooped up hundred-mile tracts of marine and land surfaces complete with their inhabitants, and then neatly arranged them into one-mile deep stacks - and in the right sequence, and without intermingling… Even if the Flood could have achieved such results in one place, it could not possibly have done so all over the world. The average thickness of fossil-bearing rock throughout the world is about a mile. Yet the precious layer of soil in and on which all life must live (except for swimming fishes and floating plants) is never more than a few feet thick. Did the Flood pick up that thin layer and with it produce sedimentary rock one mile thick? Because, if so, God must have miraculously multiplied that layer of soil, like the loaves and fishes of Galilee!
— Alan Hayward [old-earth creationist Christian], Creation and Evolution
Even worse for the ecological zone stacking proposal of Flood geologists is the fact that it is often possible to trace such zones in the strata laterally (rather than vertically) over several kilometers and see them change from marine shelf, to beach, to terrestrial coastal plain, complete with rooted trees and coal. And there are sometimes volcanic ash beds which can be physically correlated over the same distance, confirming that the areas were synchronous - the ash bed was deposited by a single eruption (so the marine shelf and coastline at that lateral level existed at the same time in the past)… The empty shells of ammonites, like that of the modern pearly nautilus, float after the death of the animal. Nautilus shells are found over much of the Pacific and Indian oceans because they are transported after death by water currents. They sink when they are damaged and fill with water. How floating shells could be effectively sorted by their hydrodynamic properties I do not know, but the predictions of a hydrodynamic sorting model are blatantly inconsistent with everything about the distribution of shelled cephalopods and other fossils… The fossil succession of ammonoids having distinctive shell sutures is clear in the first appearance of each group… Flood geologists must somehow assume that (for example) oysters could run faster than (for example) the many other types of clam found in the Paleozoic. Considering the fact that most oysters are cemented to the bottom, this seems a little unlikely. There are some clams in the Cretaceous, known as inoceraminds, which get up to a meter in size. Why they got sorted into the Cretaceous, and not much lower, whether due to hydrodynamic, ecological, or differential mobility, I have no idea. There is a precise zonation of inoceramid clam species within the Cretaceous. Some are huge, some are small (fist-sized). They often co-occur. Even more paradoxically, for Flood geologists, is the fact that the juvenile (young) specimens, only a few centimeters in size and with much thinner shells, co-occur with the large, thick-shelled mature specimens of the same species. This is the normal situation in the fossil record… In fact, most fossil brachiopods (clam-like animals) are found in life position (cemented to the bottom of solid rock, and after they were buried and the rock hardened, another layer of brachiopods grew atop them)… The entire structure of Flood geology is nonscientific and is based directly on the creationists' religious beliefs. Neither are their ideas and proposals new. All can be found described in 19th century literature. They were wrong then,and are still wrong now, because of the geological evidence. Creationist Christian Bible-believing geologists of that period tossed flood geology models overboard for the sound scientific reason that such models were discovered to be completely inconsistent with the physical evidence. They did this despite their religious beliefs, because the evidence was so compelling. There is currently no scientific reason to bring Flood geology back. It has had its day in court. In fact, there is even more evidence falsifying it now than there was one hundred years ago.
— Andrew Macrae [non-Christian geologist], from an email at the talk.origins newsgroup
Is the detailed record of successive fossil species, from simple to more complex, from general to special, from fish to man, entirely an artifact of Noah's Flood? Not one human being, or horse, or cow, or fox, or deer, or hippopotamus, or tortoise, or monkey, was so slow, or so stupid, or so crippled, that it lagged behind the others, and thus got caught down at the bottom of the hill. Not one! Conversely, there was not one dinosaur, or trilobite, or mammoth, that was lucky enough, or clever enough, or fast enough, to climb up to the top of the hill, and thus escape the fate of its fellows. Not one! And this is sound science?
— Michael Ruse [non-Christian philosopher of science], Darwinism Defended: A Guide to the Evolution Controversies
A flood strong enough to move all the sediments of the earth would tend to mix the different types of animals and plants into one big mishmash… The fossils are in the right order for evolution but not for hydraulic selection. The light animals refuse to stay in the shallow rocks, and the dense animals refuse to stay in the deep rocks, where they belong according to creationism. For instance, trilobites, light, fragile creatures resembling pill bugs, tend to be found only in the deepest rocks… The rocks show that each distinct species usually has its own horizon absolutely distinct from the horizons of other species of the same size, shape, and weight.
— Christopher Gregory Weber, "Common Creationist Attacks on Geology," Creation/Evolution, Issue 2, Fall 1980
Flowering plants don't occur in the fossil record until early in the Cretaceous era. A forest of magnolias (a primitive tree) heading for the hills, only to be overwhelmed with the early mammals by the Flood, is unconvincing.
— Robert J. Schadewald, "Six 'Flood' Arguments Creationists Can't Answer," Creation/Evolution, Issue 9, Summer 1982
Flood geology doesn't explain why characteristic pollens and spores are found alongside animal fossils of each age (stratum), or why large, slow-moving mammals are invariably found in strata above flying pterodactyls and early birds like Archaeopteryx. Flood geology also fails to explain the fossil pattern for trees.
— Ken Nahigian [former young-earth creationist]
Can creationists seriously believe that their Flood geology accounts for the numerous macro-evolutionary trends so well documented in the fossil record? Is it really possible that horses, humans, cows, and rats were true contemporaries of the primitive mammals known from Mesozoic deposits, but somehow only small noneutherian, apparently transitional (and small primitive eutherian mammals) managed to be buried beside the giants of the reptile world?
— Laurie R. Godfrey [non-Christian scientist], Scientists Confront Creationism
If the worldwide sequence of fossils are the products of Noah's flood and its resultant fallout, why, then - at no place on this vast earth - do we find dinosaurs and large mammals in the same strata; why are trilobites never with mammals (not even marine mammals), but always in strata below? Surely some retarded elephant would be keeping company with dinosaurs, some valiant trilobite swimming hard for thirty-nine days and winning an exalted upper berth with mammals.
— Stephen J. Gould [non-Christian evolutionist], An Urchin in the Storm
Why are whales and dolphins only found at high levels, while marine reptiles of similar size are found only much lower?… Why were not most of the birds exhausted far sooner, since perching places would have been hard to find in the raging Deluge?… Sardines and swordfish (teleostean fish), appeared in late Triassic times (200 million years ago) and show up in the fossil record more frequently with the passage of time. This contradicts predictions of Flood geology: these deep sea fish ought to be found in the lowest strata. Besides, these fish had no special hydraulic features and they were not especially fast swimmers. Yet all these lucky teleostean fish managed to resist the flood waters for a long time, while large numbers of speedy fish are buried beneath them.
— Philip Kitcher [non-Christian evolutionist, but not a critic of religion], Abusing Science: The Case Against Creationism (MIT Press, 1982)
We might well ask whether the impressively huge carnivorous dinosaurs and other reptiles of the Mesozoic were weaker and less agile than the sheep and other grazing mammals that lay in the Cenozoic layers above them. Were the Mesozoic fish somehow less capable of avoiding burial in the hydraulic cataclysm than the Cenozoic corals and snails that are found above them in stratigraphic succession? We must conclude that the similarity between the known distribution of fossils and the prediction of the creationist model is insufficient to provide a basis for serious comparison.
— Brian F. Glenister and Brian J. Witzke, Professors at the Dept. of Geoscience, University of Iowa
Remember that Flood geologists emphasize the violence of the Flood and its global scale. Dead plants and animals would have been very thoroughly mixed and transported large distances. How, then, could the sequence in which they settled out possibly be related to the original elevations of their habitats, or their running abilities? And why would man be a special case? His running and climbing ability is inferior to that of many animals. In any case, all the animals, including man, would have been killed long before the Flood finally ended, so that their ability to temporarily escape death (not burial) would have been irrelevant in the long run.
— Willard Young, Fallacies of Creationism
Creationists like to dismiss evolution as only a theory. My favorite rejoinder is that creationism isn't even a theory. When examined in the light of well-known and thoroughly researched scientific phenomena, creationist flood geology fails the most basic and simple test known to forensic science: bodies don't pile up the way creationists insist they must.
— Walter F. Rowe, "Bobbing for Dinosaurs: A Forensic Scientist Looks at the Genesis Flood," Creation/Evolution, Issue 28, Winter 1990-91
Creationist Flood geologists are well aware of the second law of thermodynamics as it relates to the origin of life, but typically oblivious to it regarding the unlikely odds of so many fossils being segregated so perfectly in the geologic record… Like it or not, the association of certain types of fossils with certain strata, and the existence of trace fossils - like neatly laid eggs, tidy nests, rodent burrows and the footprints of air-breathing animals found deep within the strata - can only be explained by different types of animals and plants living at completely different times in the past.
— Neil Slater
The hydraulic engineer and co-author of The Genesis Flood, Henry Morris, not knowing that trilobites had a relatively light (non-dense) chitinous skeleton similar to that of crabs, has long said that trilobites were so dense they all sank to the lower layers during the Flood, and that's why they are found there. Actually they were much less dense than the clam-type mollusks which are found in great abundance in the higher layers of Mesozoic and Cenozoic rock systems; and both animal types lived in the same marine ecological zone (subtidal sea floor)… Scleractinian corals are found in abundance almost worldwide, and more actual volume of their fossils is present on the earth than of any other group of Cenozoic animal fossils. So it is inconceivable that they would not have become mixed into the lower strata - in fact, all strata - of the earth's sedimentary cover if the Flood geology hypothesis were correct. By reading any of Henry Morris's descriptions of the convulsive activities which he visualizes as having occurred during the Flood one can see how completely illogical it is to assert that the Paleozoic strata were formed by the Flood, with these dense calcified Scleractinian corals somehow being held up and not allowed to sink into the lower layers of sediment. Moreover, Scleractinian corals are as dense as the more ancient corals, because they are composed of CaCO3, the same as those orders were… If Morris and the folks as his Institute for Creation Research are correct, then God would have had to have performed a very specialized miracle to sink the trilobites and hold the more dense clam-type mollusks floating in the water above them. A similar miracle would have had to have been performed to keep the Scleractinian corals suspended while two other orders of coral settled beneath them. A third miracle would have had to have been performed to keep thick layers of microscopic diatoms all over the earth from mixing with the thick layers of microscopic radiolarians that settled in the strata beneath them! And so on and so forth. (I guess such specialized miracles were performed by God just to delude Christian geologists of the nineteenth century into rejecting the flood geology of their day? - Skip)
— Daniel E. Wonderly [old earth creationist Christian], Neglect of Geologic Data: Sedimentary Strata compared with Young-Earth Creationist Writings
There is a relative order to the fossilized species of plants found in the geologic record for which Flood Geology cannot account, unless you can imagine apple and orange trees with Nike sneakers on their roots, racing past the magnolias and primitive mammals, leaving the ginkgoes back therewith the dinosaurs when the Flood waters began to rise.
— Frank R. Zindler, "Creationism on the Rocks," Dial-An-Atheist, Greatest Hits from Ohio]
Under the Flood geology hypothesis, one would expect that lowland-loving plants, such as cattails, willow trees and lily pads (which live on or near the surface of water) would have been buried long before those plants which favor higher and cooler areas, such as pine trees and other conifers. This, however, is not what we find in the fossil record. Instead, the evolutionarily primitive conifers appear much lower in the column than do modern angiosperms such as willow trees and oak trees. What a miraculous Flood to have sorted such an incalculably large number of plant remains (and also their fine pollen grains) in such a precise manner! What are the odds that one, big, violent Flood could have accomplished such a miracle? How did the oak and willow trees manage to get to the top of the sediment layer along with all those mobile mammals? Did the trees run for the high ground too? What about the many nesting sites that have been found for terrestrial dinosaurs? Are we to assume that these animals, panicked by the rising flood waters and the torrential rain and fleeing for the high ground, suddenly decided to stop and dig huge numbers of nests in the Flood sediments and lay eggs, which apparently had time to hatch before the Flood engulfed them?
Apparently, Flood geologists would have us believe that the therapsid reptiles (who they assert were all contemporary and lived side by side) just happened to drown and become sorted by the Flood into a sequence which looks just like evolutionary descent; the forms with well-developed reptilian jaw joints and incipient mammalian joints just happened to be buried first, followed by those like Probainognathus with double jaw joints, while forms like the Morganucodonts, with functional mammalian joints and receding reptilian joints, just happened to climb a little higher or sink a little slower than the others (but not so high or so slow as the true mammals with no reptilian characteristics). Sea turtles violate every presumed sorting mechanism that Flood geologists have proposed; they live in the open deep sea, but are found high in the sediment layer— above such terrestrial animals as amphibians and dinosaurs; they are big and heavy and sink rapidly upon death, but are found in the upper layers, above such lighter organisms as jellyfish and seaweeds; they are clumsy and slow on land, but apparently managed to run to the higher elevations before the Flood engulfed them (since they are found in the same sediment layers as such speedy animals as saber-toothed tigers and horses). Again, what are the odds that one big violent Flood could have sorted all the dead sea turtles in such an evolutionary fashion?
— Lenny Flank, Can Noah's Flood Account For the Geologic and Fossil record?
What are we going to do with all those fossil fragments? After all, most animal fossils come in bits and pieces. Are we to believe that a dinosaur knee had the same hydrodynamic sorting properties as a dinosaur claw, a dinosaur tooth, a dinosaur skull? Did baby dinosaurs have the same hydrodynamic sorting properties as the adults? Did bone fragments of baby dinosaurs, dinosaur egg shells, not to mention whole eggs, all have the same hydrodynamic sorting properties as the bones of adult dinosaurs? Odd, don't you think, that in those rare cases where dinosaur skin is preserved, it is found at the same level as the bare bones? Funny, that all these diverse bits and pieces should find their way to the same level of the geologic record, species by species. I would think that at least some dinosaur teeth would wind up with the trilobites, that a few hollow leg bones would be found near the top of the geologic column. This hydrodynamic sorting principle, as used by Henry Morris, is not just wrong statistically; it is totally Fraudulent. It is Dishonest. It has no more explanatory power than the usual creationist miracles. Indeed, it is nothing more than a modern day miracle couched in scientific terminology.
— Dave E. Matson, April 12, 1999
In 1938 Harold Clark (a disciple of the Flood geologist, George Macready Price) was invited by a student to visit the oil fields of Oklahoma and northern Texas, where Mr. Clark saw with his own eyes why geologists believed as they did. Observations of deep drilling and conversations with practical geologists gave Clark a real shock that permanently erased any confidence he had left in Price's vision of a topsy-turvy fossil record. Clark wrote to Price: The rocks do lie in a much more definite sequence than we have ever allowed. The statements made in your book, The New Geology, do not harmonize with the conditions in the field. All over the Midwest the rocks lie in great sheets extending over hundreds of miles, in regular order. Thousands of well cores prove this. In East Texas alone are 25,000 deep wells. Probably well over 100,000 wells in the Midwest give data that has been studied and correlated. The science has become a very exact one. Millions of dollars are spent in drilling, with the paleontological findings of the company geologists taken as the basis for the work. The sequence of the microscopic fossils in the strata is remarkably uniform. The same sequence is found in America, Europe, and anywhere that detailed studies have been made. This oil geology has opened up the depths of the earth in a way that we never dreamed of twenty years ago.
— Donald R. Prothero, "Snake Handlers and Flood Geologists: A Review Essay of The Creationists by Ronald L. Numbers," The Skeptic, Vol. 2, no. 2
Many fossil bones found in terrestrial deposits show evidence of having been weathered for months and having been scavenged. In addition, many bones are preserved in calcareous fossil soils, i.e. the Badlands of North Dakota and the Karoo of South Africa. In marine deposits, the bones are frequently encrusted by organisms, bored by organisms, and have teeth marks from sharks and other scavengers. These are things that preclude the idea of rapid burial in a global flood. There exist almost innumerable examples in geological literature.
— Paul V. Heinrich, email@example.com
I'd suggest taking a look at the DNA of a specific animal, say a bat, as compared with the DNA of it's closest living relatives, then see when the bat and its nearest living relatives first appeared in the fossil record and show how near they are to one another in geological time. How could a FLOOD sort these creatures into the irrespectively close geological layers via their DNA? It took man a thousand years to come up with DNA comparison testing, but it took those muddy violent waters no time at all to sort species after species after species after species after species, all according to their DNA. Some Flood!
— Edward T. Babinski
A Relatively "Dry" Flood
The geologic record contains evidence of a wide variety of ancient environments, including ancient oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, soils and deserts, it is not a record of "a year-long Flood." There are desert strata, dried out lake beds and dried up river beds, paleosols (soil horizons), layers of rootlets at different horizons in the geologic record, layers of forests at different horizons, fossilized ant nests, termite nests, fragile wasp cocoons, cells from bees nests, dinosaur nests and eggs, reptile nests and eggs (in the Chinle Formation of the Petrified National Forest), bird nests and eggs (of a relative of the flamingo in the Green River Formation in Wyoming), fossilized worm holes, fossilized rodent burrows, tracks, trails and markings left by land-dwelling animals, even animal dung in its original position of deposition as it dried and cracked and hardened on solid ground. The geological evidence is clear that DRY land existed at many different periods throughout the past with land animals continuing to walk around, deposit dung, woo mates, build hives, nests or burrows, lay eggs, hatch those eggs ("empty hatched egg" fossils), then raise their young (then repeat the process), such evidence being found at different horizons in the geologic record. And of course, deserts formed, lakes formed and dried up, rivers formed and dried up, soils formed, layers of small rootlets had time to grow, then be wiped out and grow again at different horizons in the geologic record, even multiple layers of forests had time to grow, die and re-grow. According to young-earth creationists such evidence all accumulated during an alleged "year-long Flood" that kept the earth under water for a year, and whose incomparable violence pulverized rock to fine sediment, then piled that sediment at an average depth of one mile over all the earth that then hardened into solid rock overnight.
"Paleosols" are ancient soils that develop during periods of extensive sub-areal weathering and they are sometimes preserved in the geologic record. The key is that paleosols are found throughout the geologic column and represent periods of Earth history when the region they were found in was not covered by water. ~ Paleosols in the midst of a global flood are not possible.
—Joseph Meert, "Radiometric Dating, Paleosols and the Geologic Column: Three strikes against Young Earth Creationism"
(Original Verison Fall 1999, Updated July 3, 2002)
Other miracles of the "yearlong Flood" include the formation of layers of limestone and/or chalk many feet thick, which is made up of tiny shelled organisms that require time to reproduce, suck minerals from the water to form their shells, then die and settle. Not to mention layers of "pelletized limestone" many feet thick, which is the result of fish eating tiny shelled organisms, and then excreting them as fecal pellets that settle to the bottom. Try doing any of that in a single year. Trying to explain the entire geological record via a "year-long Flood" is itself a catastrophe of logic.
Experiment For Noah Enthusiasts:
1. Take one of your favorite household potted plants.
2. Water it like hell for 40 days and nights.
3. Observe rotted dead plant.
As a botanist I get extremely disgruntled when reading about Noah. You see, God appears only to be interested in animals. Noah received no instructions to take on board any plants (by plants I mean angiosperms, gymnosperms, pteridiophytes and bryophytes). Talk about shortsightedness. Could this be the root cause for Zoology always being more popular than Botany? Dear Flood supporters, pray tell how did plants survive the Flood? Waiting in anticipation.
— M. (Matto), University of Stellenbosch
Questions Concerning The Survival Of Plant Life After The Flood
After a year at sea, what is the likelihood:
That more than a handful of seeds miraculously survived the violence of "the Flood of Noah" — a flood that allegedly reduced rock to fine sediment overnight?
That such seeds did not sprout prematurely, which seeds often do in water, doubly so when their seed coasts are abraised which prompts them to begin sprouting.
That any surviving plant seeds would be dropped in an area where the temperature, rainfall, soil, and light would be suitable for the growth of that particular species?
Even after having reached a spot capable of supporting the growth of that particular species, how long would their flowers have to wait before the birds and insects arrived from Mount Ararat to cross-pollinate them?
Isaac Asimov observes that the ancient Hebrews did not regard plants as alive in the same sense animals are; therefore they had less of a problem than modern botanists do, imagining that an olive tree could endure a year's drowning and sprout immediately afterward. [As in the Biblical tale of the dove that returned to Noah's ark with a live "olive branch" in its mouth. — E.T.B.] Today's creationists should have learned some botany since then, but they still carry on about the "hardiness" of olives.
Creationists need to soak seeds in muddy salty water for a year [The water should also be "boiling" if "Flood geologists" are correct about the extent of the Flood's rock-pulverizing violence. — E.T.B.] and then plant them in unconsolidated, briny silt in an unfavorable climate without insect or avian pollinators to see what happens. Have their mathematicians, so skilled at calculating improbabilities for protein formation, ever determined the odds of plant survival?
— Robert A. Moore, "The Impossible Voyage of Noah's Ark," Creation/Evolution, Issue 11, Winter 1983
With the land bare of plants what did all the herbivores eat after they disembarked from Noah's ark? Oh wait, I forgot, they did not have time to eat; they were too busy fleeing from the hungry carnivores that disembarked after them.
The marsupial population of Australia contains animals found nowhere else on earth — not even in fossil form. Are we to suppose that those marsupials managed to travel from the landing place of Noah's ark to. Australia? What a long perilous post-Flood journey. I guess God guided them. But you don't hear about that miracle in the Bible. Why not? It's at least as good as the story about God herding the Israelites through the desert, only these marsupials were herded through a denuded post-Flood earth undergoing cataclysmic aftershocks. This menagerie of wombats and koalas, bandicoots and kangaroos (not to mention the flightless moa and kiwi birds of New Zealand) had to keep ahead of lions-ʻn-tigers-ʻn-bears all the way to Indonesia, and then — although the superior placental mammals could not manage it — reach the continent of Australia. As if this were not mind-boggling enough, it turns out that the types of marsupials that made it to Australia just happened to form an ensemble able to fill all the ecological niches available!
Thus, there were marsupial moles, marsupial ant-eaters, marsupial mice, marsupial grazers, marsupial carnivores, marsupial frugivores, etc. — not one of which can be found anywhere else in the world. If this highly diversified marsupial population evolved from one or a few primitive generalized marsupials that reached Australia millions of years before it separated from Indonesia (and before mammals had evolved on the mainland), then this peculiar situation is understandable. But if all these creatures had to journey from Turkey to Australia as an ensemble, it is incredible beyond computation.
— Frank Zindler, "The Kiwi Question," American Atheist, May 1988
(Note: Molecular biology and anatomy both demonstrate that, of living marsupial groups, koalas are most closely related to wombats. And both the living species and fossilized remains of koalas and wombats are found only in Australia. — E.T.B.)
Such fragile creatures as the platypus and the blind marsupial mole raced across the land bridge to Australia quicker than the Malaysian tigers and other robust placentals?
— Robert A. Moore, "The Impossible Voyage of Noah's Ark"
Can I suggest that there was a large sign, somewhere in South-East Java, reading something like:
Celestial Quarantine Zone NO placental land mammals may be transported or allowed to wander past this point. American marsupial species must take the Bering Straits route. Maps available at the quarantine station office. (Office hours 9:00 A.M. — 5:00 P.M.)
— Peter Lamb, talk.origins newsgroup, April 30, 1996
God made all the animals in a single day; he could have swept them all away in the flood and re-created them in one day when they were again needed. Therefore it was an odd idea to save specimens of them for eleven months in the ark, whilst aware that eight persons could not feed or water them by any human possibility. If they were to be preserved by miracle, the ark was not necessary — to let them swim would have answered the purpose and been more indubitably miraculous.
— Mark Twain, "God of the Bible vs. God of the Present Day"
Catastrophic flooding occurs in most areas of the world. However, if [flood] stories are gathered from around the world, one may be struck far more by the divergencies than by their similarities. It is important that such collections have been gathered without regard for their support for a single universal flood. It would be easy to rule out those that sound dissimilar and then to be amazed at how similar the remainder are!
Although flood stories from around the world vary widely in their content, those from Syro-Palestine and Mesopotamia (the so-called lands of the Bible) are strikingly similar. While it is difficult, if not impossible, to believe that flood stories gathered from around the world descended from a single source (or describe a single event), the reverse may indeed be the case in the Ancient Near East. It is, after all, an area given to regular and catastrophic flooding, for which adequate archaeological and geological evidence has come to light. Furthermore, it is an area through which the story of "the flood" could easily spread: it is geographically small and well defined (the so-called fertile crescent), its inhabitants spoke closely related Semitic languages, there was occasional political unity of the whole (under Assyrians, Babylonians, and Persians), and commerce was widespread throughout at all periods.
— Lloyd R. Bailey, Noah: The Person and the Story in History and Tradition
Dr. Howard M. Teeple of the Religion and Ethics Institute is the author of The Noah's Ark Nonsense in which he traced the movement in space and time of the "Flood" story in the ancient Near East from its first known location and earliest version, uncovered by archaeologists in Sumeria/Babylon, to its subsequent appearance in a civilization just north of Sumeria/Babylon. Then the tale apparently headed east, then south, and finally continued east till a version appeared in ancient Greece. Each civilization along the way adapted the "Flood" story to their culture by changing the names of the people involved and which mountain(s) the "boat" allegedly "landed on."
Additional Questions Related To "Noah's Flood"
The god of the Hebrews was so wise he couldn't think of anything better than flooding the whole earth to kill the people He was after? That's like burning down the barn to kill some rats, or using a sledgehammer to debug a rosebush. Even the world's dumbest surgeon doesn't use a guillotine to remove a mole on someone's neck.
I don't know who the worst sinners are on this planet, but I am quite sure that if a High Intelligence wanted to exterminate them, It would find a very precise method of locating each one separately. Carelessly murdering millions of innocent children and harmless old ladies and dogs and cats in the process is absolutely and ineluctably to state that your idea of God is of a cosmic imbecile.
A "God" intelligent enough to design even a molecule, let alone a whole universe, would, if he-she-or-it went loony and decided to take up murder, still be intelligent enough to murder only the people he-she-or-it disliked. Accepting the dubious Warren Commission Report, even Lee Harvey Oswald only hit one innocent bystander (the governor). The early Old Testament "God" appears not only as crazy as Oswald but clumsier, stupider and generally less civilized. King Kong is as convincing a portrait of God as that given in the Old Testament.
— Robert Anton Wilson
"Bible believers" are constantly telling us how wicked the pre-Flood generation was. In those Biblical movies you can practically feel the evil oozing out of such folks. By Jupiter, you can almost see it! But could they have done any wicked thing that hasn't been done just as wickedly by folks after the Flood? Conversely, if you examine the worst corner of the globe at its sorriest moment in history you will still find, by any reasonable standard of decency, a fair number of decent people. And, don't forget the children!
Die-hard Bible believers answer curtly that the children were part of the cancer which had to be cut out! Their poor limited God had no choice, I suppose. He couldn't let them corrupt the purity of post-Flood generations. Purity as exhibited by Noah's drunken state after the flood, which had to be preserved, no doubt, from the evil influence of pre-Flood children. And how horrible it would have been if a few pre-Flood children had survived and corrupted the folks of Sodom and Gomorrah.
— Dave Matson, "On Taking the Bible and Noah's Flood Literally"
The Deluge: A punishment inflicted on the human race by an all-knowing God, who, through not having foreseen the wickedness of men, repented of having made them, and drowned them once for all to make them better — an act which, as we all know, was accompanied by the greatest success.
— Voltaire, Dictionary of Theology
Why did God fill the world with his own children, knowing that he would have to destroy them? And why does this same God tell me how to raise my children when he had to drown his?
— Robert Ingersoll, Some Mistakes of Moses
Does The Bible Say That "Noah's Flood" Was Universal?
Or Was The Universality Of The Flood Merely A Literary Exaggeration Of Biblical Proportions?
The famine was over all the face of the earth…And all countries came unto Egypt to Joseph to buy corn; because the famine was so sore in all lands.
— Genesis 41:56,57
Don't the words, "over all the face of the earth, all countries, all lands" mean "over all the face of the earth, all countries, all lands?" If they mean what they say, then even folks in far off China and Japan and Australia and North and South America must have been "sorely famished" and had to go to "Egypt" to buy corn! Or else, "over all the face of the earth, all countries, all lands" is an exaggerated way of speaking, closer to a boastful lie than the truth.
[The Lord said to the Israelites when they were wandering in the desert] "This day will I begin to put the dread of thee and the fear of thee upon the nations that are under the whole heaven, who shall hear report of thee, and shall tremble, and be in anguish because of thee."
— Deuteronomy 2:25
Don't the words, "the nations that are under the whole heaven" mean "the nations that are under the whole heaven?" If they mean what they say, then even the distant nations of China and Japan and the Native American nations — to name just a few of the many "nations that are under the whole heaven" — must have been trembling in their boots, having "heard report of Israel." Or else, "the nations that are under the whole heaven" is an exaggerated way of speaking, closer to a boastful lie than the truth.
Exaggerated Promise
I have set my king upon the holy hill of Zion. Ask of me, and I shall give thee the heathen [as slaves] for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession. Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron.
— Psalm 2:6,8,9,12
The above psalm is believed to have been sung at the coronations of Hebrew kings. But giving a king, ".the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession" is an exaggerated promise to say the least. Though it must be admitted that this psalm later proved popular with both Catholic and Protestant kings who used it to justify their "breaking" of the "heathen," driving them into slavery and stealing their land in alleged fulfillment of this exaggerated Biblical promise.
[Jesus said] "The Queen of the South [the Queen of Sheba] came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon."
— Matthew 12:42
The Queen's residence, being probably on the Arabian Gulf, could not have been more than twelve or fourteen hundred miles from Jerusalem. If that is the "uttermost parts of the earth" then it is a small world after all.
All the kings of the earth sought the presence of Solomon, to hear his wisdom.
— 2 Chronicles 9:23
Don't the words "all the kings of the earth" mean "all the kings of the earth?" If they mean what they say, then even Incan and Aztec kings in South America must have begun paddling their long boats toward Israel the instant they heard how wise king Solomon was. Or else, "all the kings of the earth" is an exaggerated way of speaking, closer to a boastful lie than the truth.
The devil took him [Jesus] up into an exceedingly high mountain, and showed him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them.
— Matthew 4:8
Shown "all the kingdoms of the world" from an "exceedingly high mountain?" I suppose so, if the mountain was "exceedingly high" and the earth was flat. Verses in the Bible's book of Daniel presume a flat earth the same way that verses in Matthew do:
I saw a tree in the midst of the earth, and the height thereof was great. The tree grew, and the height thereof reached unto heaven, and the sight thereof to the end of all the earth.
— Daniel 4:10-11
Instead of an "exceedingly high" mountain from which "all the kingdoms of the earth" can be seen, Daniel pictures a tree "whose height was great," growing from the "midst" or center of the earth and "seen" to "the ends of all the earth."
Funny how such flagrantly flat-earth verses appear in both the Old and New Testaments. "Bible believers" will of course reply that such verses are only "apparently difficult" to explain, and not the "real truth" as they see it. But it is the "apparent difficulties" that remain in the Bible, as it was written, and will always remain there, regardless of all the ingenuity employed in explaining them away.
A decree went out from Caesar Augustus that a census be taken of all the inhabited earth.
— Luke 2:1
Don't the words, "all the inhabited earth" mean "all the inhabited earth?" If they mean what they say, then even the Chinese must have taken part in Augustus' census! Or else, "all the inhabited earth" is an exaggerated way of speaking, closer to a boastful lie than the truth.
And there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven.
— Acts 2:5
"Out of every nation under heaven?" A Jew from the nation of the Sioux Indians in North America was there too? Or maybe Luke was not talking about a very wide "heaven?"
A great famine all over the world took place in the reign of Claudius.
— Acts 11:28
Don't the words, "all over the world" mean "all over the world?" If they mean what they say, then the Chinese, Japanese and Native Americans who lived in the world during the reign of Claudius must have suffered the effects of that great famine. Or else, "all over the world" is an exaggerated way of speaking, closer to a boastful lie than the truth.
Their voice (of first-century Christian preachers) has gone out into all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world. The mystery is now manifested and.has been made known to all the nations. The gospel, which has come to you, just as in all the world. The gospel which was proclaimed in all creation under heaven, and of which I, Paul was made a minister.
— Romans 10:18; 16:25-26; Colossians 1:5-6,23
Sorry Paul, but the Gospel in your day had only reached a handful of churches in the Roman Empire, not "all the earth," not, "to the ends of the world," not, "all nations," and certainly not, "all creation under heaven."
The early church father, Iraenaeus, maintained Paul's charade when he wrote, "Now the Church, spread throughout all the world even to the ends of the earth," "…even though she has been spread over the entire world," "Anyone who wishes to see the truth can observe the apostle's traditions made manifest in every church throughout the whole world." (Iraenaeus, Against Heresies, 1.10.1, 1.10.2, 3.3.1-2) Not a very big "world," mind you, leaving out most of Asia and Africa, not to mention the continents of Australia, North America and South America.
If an all-wise God had inspired the Bible He would have been able to give its human authors a few inspired geography lessons, just to show them how big the earth really is. Instead the Bible contains the same exaggerated speech, boastful lies and holy hyperbole common for its day and age, i.e., rather than evidence of special inspiration.
Furthermore, if the Bible is not speaking absolutely truthfully when it speaks of "all the earth," "to the ends of the earth," "from the uttermost parts of the earth," "all the inhabited earth," "in all creation under heaven," "under all the heavens," "every nation under heaven," then how can anyone be expected to assume the truthfulness of the statement, "everywhere under the heavens," when it is found in the tale of the Flood of Noah in Genesis 7:19? "The water prevailed and all the high mountains everywhere under the heavens were covered." Could this be another instance of an exaggerated mythical way of speaking, closer to a boastful lie than the truth? Hmmm, do ya think?
Having run across so many instances of exaggerated speech in the Bible one even wonders what is to become of the central Christian boast, the exaggeration par excellence, that Jesus died "for the sins of the world?" Believers from every sacred tradition boast that their beliefs affect the "world" and must be taken seriously by the "world." Must they indeed? I find that I cannot take seriously many instances in which Biblical authors exaggerate (boldly lie about) the extent of a famine, a flood, a census, the distance to a queen's residence, the extent to which a message has been spread, etc. Indeed, didn't "orthodox" doctrines and theology arise via exaggerating the importance of some interpretations of the alleged sayings and doings of Jesus above others?


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Festival organizers are committed to producing a quality event for attendees with a unique assortment of exhibitors. If you are interested in becoming a vendor at the City of Kennesaw's 2019 pre-Independence Day celebration Salute to America, please read the following before completing the Vendor Application:
DO NOT COMPLETE A VENDOR APPLICATION IF YOU ARE PROMOTING OR SELLING A SERVICE, or if you wish to demonstrate a product and/or do not have merchandise for sale on-site during the festival. If you meet these criteria, booth space is available through sponsorship packages starting at only $350. Please refer to the Sponsorship Application for details.
- PERSONAL/BUSINESS CHECKS, CREDIT CARDS AND CASH ARE THE ONLY ACCEPTABLE FORMS OF PAYMENT. Money orders and certified checks will NOT be accepted.
- THE FESTIVAL IS A RAIN OR SHINE EVENT. No refunds will be issued due to inclement weather, due to the forecast of inclement weather, or due to circumstances beyond our control.
- ALL FOOD & BEVERAGE VENDORS WILL BE REQUIRED TO PROVIDE A CERTIFICATE OF LIABILITY INSURANCE in the amount of $1,000,000 naming the "City of Kennesaw" as an additional insured.
Additional Information:
- Submission of a Vendor Application does not guarantee festival participation. Vendors will receive confirmation of acceptance via e-mail.
- Fees listed on the Vendor Application are for a 10'x10' booth space.
- Vendors must provide their own tents, table and chairs.
Vendors will be expected to comply with all rules and procedures provided by festival organizers.
City of Kennesaw's 2019 pre-Independence Day celebration Salute to America Vendor Application.

subset: commoncrawl


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Play Minecraft Platform Unblocked game now fellows! A little yellow shape is jammed in a mysterious place, join in Minecraft No Download now and rescue him. Oh, I see the door, to get to this exit place you have to pass many dangerous traps and beasts. There are many doors you have to escape. Are you ready for this Minecraft Unblocked? Good, enter in Minecraft Platform now and help the cute shape.


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Skift Take
Alaska Airlines may be feisty and independent, but it has suitors who would love to end its independence.
Alaska Airlines is puny compared to the major carriers: it has 124 planes, while United Airlines has more than 700 and four times as many passengers.
… Although it started in a sparsely populated, meteorologically unwelcoming, financially challenging corner of the country, Alaska has built a successful franchise that is the envy of many rivals.
Tags: alaska airlines
Photo Credit: At Alaska Airlines gates in Terminal 6 at LAX, half the seats have power outlets for passenger convenience. Alaska Airlines


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Installing Chef Habitat
Below you'll find installation instructions for each platform and their requirements. The Chef Habitat CLI is currently supported on Linux, Mac, and Windows.
Download and Install the Chef Habitat CLI Tool
From building packages to running services, everything in Chef Habitat is done through the hab command-line interface (CLI) tool. To get started using Chef Habitat, you need to download and install the hab CLI tool that corresponds to your workstation OS.
Chef Habitat for Linux
Chef Habitat for Linux requires a 64-bit processor with kernel 2.6.32 or later. On Linux, exporting your Chef Habitat artifact to a Docker image requires the Docker Engine supplied by Docker. Packages from distribution-specific or otherwise alternative providers are currently not supported.
Once you have downloaded the package, extract the hab binary with tar to
/usr/local/bin or add its location to your
PATH (e.g.
tar -xvzf hab.tgz -C /usr/local/bin --strip-components 1).
Install Chef Habitat from the Command Line
Alternatively, you can install Chef Habitat via the command line by downloading and running the installation script:
Install Chef Habitat for Linux Kernel 2.x from the Command Line
Please note that support for Linux Kernel 2.x is limited. Not all core plans are available for Kernel 2.x, nor are there plans to backport all of the existing core plans to Kernel 2.x. Kernel 2.x is legacy technology by definition, and its use should be viewed as a stop-gap to provide interim solutions for old systems, as they are upgraded to more recent versions of the Linux kernel.
Chef Habitat for Mac
Requires 64-bit processor running 10.9 or later
Once you have downloaded the
hab CLI, unzip it onto your machine. Unzipping to
/usr/local/bin should place it on your
PATH. In order to use the Chef Habitat Studio, you'll also need to install Docker for Mac.
Install Chef Habitat Using Homebrew
Chef Habitat can also be installed with Homebrew, by running the following commands:
Chef Habitat for Windows
Minimum Windows version supported: Windows Server 2008 R2 or Windows 7 64-bit
Chocolatey is a package manager for Windows. You can use it to easily install, configure, upgrade, and even uninstall Windows software packages. We recommend using Chocolatey for installing Chef Habitat.
Install Chef Habitat with Chocolatey, by running the following command:
Install Chef Habitat using a Powershell install script
Alternatively, you can install Chef Habitat by downloading and running the installation script:
Installing Habitat for Windows using the dowloaded Chef Habitat package.
Downloaded the
hab CLI, unzip it onto your machine. We suggest unzipping to
C:\habitat, so that the full path to Chef Habitat is similar to
C:\habitat\hab-0.79.1-20190410221450-x86_64-windows. If you've downloaded a more recent version of Chef Habitat, you'll see a different set of numbers following
hab-. Replace the package name used in these examples with the filename you see on your computer. Next, add that folder to your
PATH variable so your computer will know where to find it. Here's how to do that with Powershell:
To use a Docker Chef Habitat Studio as an isolated environment, you'll also need to install Docker for Windows.
Docker for Windows requires 64-bit Windows 10 Pro, Enterprise, or Education editions (1607 Anniversary Update, Build 14393 or later) with Hyper-V enabledDownload Chef Habitat for WindowsDownload Docker for Windows
Accept the License
Please visit the license acceptance page on the Chef docs site for more information.
Configure Your Workstation
Once Chef Habitat has been installed, the
hab CLI makes it easy to get your workstation configured by guiding through the setup process. To set up your workstation, run
hab cli setup and follow the instructions.
Setup asks you to create a new origin and a set of origin keys.
Optionally, you can also provide a Chef Habitat personal access token to upload packages to the public depot and share them with the Chef Habitat community. See the access token documentation for details on generating and using your access token.
For more information about using Chef Habitat Builder, see the section on Using Builder.
You will also be asked if you want to register Supervisor control gateway secret (see Remote Command-and-Control of Supervisors for further details).
During setup, you may elect to provide anonymous usage data of the
hab CLI tool. This information is used by the Chef Habitat team to improve the CLI experience.
For information on the types of data we gather and how we intend to use it, see Analytics in Chef Habitat.
You can change your settings at any time by re-running the
hab cli setup command.
That's it. You're all set up and ready to use Chef Habitat to build and run packages!
Download and Install FAQ
This section tracks some questions that are frequently encountered when downloading and installing the
hab binary.
Q: Can I just download a GitHub release of Chef Habitat?
A: While we do cut releases in GitHub as part of our release process those archives are going to be a
.tar point in time of our source code. As the
hab cli is written in Rust, if you follow this approach you'll need to compile the source for your platform.
Q: Compile for my platform? Does that mean there aren't any OS native packages of
A: We publish compiled packages for OSX, Linux, and Windows.
hab has a requirement of either a Linux kernel >= 2.6.32, OSX >= 10.9, or 64-bit Windows 10 Pro, Enterprise, or Education editions (1511 November update, build 10586 or later) with Hyper-V enabled.
Q: What if I need an old version of
A: We've got you covered! The script we provide for doing curl-bash installations will allow you to specify a
-v flag to pull down a specific version of Chef Habitat, eg:
Q: Oh! A curl bash I (love||hate) those.
A: Indeed they are divisive, we know, that's why we provide a few different ways for you to download. If you'd like to take a look at the script before running it, you can find it in the core Chef Habitat repo.
If you're staunchly in the anti-curl-bash camp, you can get the latest packages from the download links listed previously.
Q: How do I install
hab across my server fleet?
A: For the most part, we leave that up to you. You could just use the aforementioned curl-bash with your provisioner of choice. If your app was dockerized with Chef Habitat then you won't even need to ask this question, because you'll have everything you need inside your container. We are working on first class Mesosphere DC/OS, Cloud Foundry, and Kubernetes integrations - which you can keep up to date on in our best practices section and blog.


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March 2008, Volume :38 Number 3 , page 27 - 27 [Free]
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In an online survey, researchers examined health risks to nurses who are regularly exposed to medications, cleaning and sterilization chemicals, and radiation. Focusing on 11 common exposure hazards, they polled 1,500 nurses from all 50 states working in various types of facilities. Here are some key findings:
* Nurses exposed to any type of drug at least once a week for 10 years or more (considered high exposure) had a 14% increase in cancer incidence.
* Nurses with a similar level of exposure to antineoplastic drugs had a 40% increase in cancer risk.
* Nurses with high exposure to disinfecting and sterilizing chemicals and latex were 50% more likely to have asthma, compared with those with little or no exposure.
* Pregnant nurses with high exposure to ethylene oxide (a sterilizing agent) and antineoplastic drugs reported a 20% higher incidence of miscarriage. Pregnant nurses who had high exposure to sterilizing agents and anesthetic gases and who carried to term were seven to nine times more likely to have children with musculoskeletal birth defects.
The survey was conducted by the Environmental Working Group (EWG) and Health Care without Harm. For more information, visit EWG's Web site, http://www.ewg.org.
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Recognizing Tech Industry's Lack of Female Representation, Information Age Salutes Next Generation of Female Leaders
GALWAY, Ireland and BURLINGTON, Mass. – May 25, 2018 – Cristina Ponce Fernández, International Sales Development Representative at Ipswitch®, producer of award-winning and easy to use secure file transfer and network management software, was named a finalist in the first Future Stars of Tech Awards, which inspire, celebrate and empower the next generation of UK technology female leadership. Over 100 finalists across 15 categories were announced by Information Age, striving to tackle the technology industry's lack of female representation and gender pay disparity at all levels.
"Cristina is a young, emerging talent who has achieved so much and exceeded the role expectations in her first ever commercial employment in such a short time," said John McArdle, EMEA Channel Director at Ipswitch. "She quickly became a trusted advisor for our sales partners and clients in her region, and continues to design, implement and share innovative new approaches to selling. I am delighted she has been recognized as a Future Star in Tech finalist."
Cristina joined Ipswitch's EMEA Centre of Excellence in Galway in June 2016 as a graduate from the Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology (GMIT) with a first class honours degree in marketing and business management. Initially, she joined the Inside Sales team to cover the Spain and Portugal regions with some sales support for Southern Europe. However, it quickly became apparent that she had tremendous innate talent, recognized by the senior leadership team. She has expanded her regional ownership to Latin America and Asia-Pac territories, among other responsibilities.
In November 2017, Christina was also named a finalist in the prestigious ITAG Excellence Awards in the category of New Talent, recognizing excellence in early career development in the digital sector. Sponsored by the IT Association of Galway (ITAG), in its 15th year, the awards celebrate companies and individuals who have achieved exceptional success.
Winners will be announced at an awards ceremony on June 20, 2018 at the Grosvenor House, JW Marriott Hotel in London. The event is designed to catalyze a movement and make technology a more inclusive environment for women.
For the complete list of finalists, visit: http://www.information-age.com/future-stars-tech-finalists-revealed-123472027/
For more information on the awards, visit: https://futurestarsoftech.uk/
About Ipswitch Galway
Galway, Ireland is home to Ipswitch's EMEA Centre of Excellence which includes cloud operations research and development, sales and technical support teams. The office provides technical and sales support to in-country partners and customers across Europe as well as central support for the company's in-country teams across Germany, U.K., Netherlands, France, Italy and the Middle East. The centre hosts a dedicated partner and customer demonstration suite for sales which facilitates events and training.
About Ipswitch
Ipswitch produces and sells file transfer and network management software for IT professionals. In business since 1991, Ipswitch has over 28,000 SMB and enterprise customers with over 1 million end users in 192 countries. Ipswitch's suite of network and security solutions includes WhatsUp® Gold for network monitoring and MOVEit® and WS_FTP® for secure file transfer. Ipswitch's focus on customer success is evidenced by an on-line community with over 115,000 members. To meet the varying needs of its customers, Ipswitch solutions support a range of environments including on-premise, hybrid and public or private cloud, via perpetual and subscription licensing. Ipswitch solutions meet the highest commercial and government data security requirements and are PCI, HIPAA and GDPR compliant.
The company has offices throughout the U.S., Europe, Asia and Latin America. For more information, visit https://www.ipswitch.com/ or connect on LinkedIn and Twitter. To learn about Ipswitch's strategic alliances or global network of partners, visit https://www.ipswitch.com/partners.
Media Contact:
Benedicte Ferrari


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2017 was a monumental year for our family but one I am grateful to put behind us. While it brought the birth of my sweet baby girl, it also was the final year for my grandfather. There were so many emotions and roller coasters Jake and I navigated together. It brought us closer together, stressed the importance of teamwork even more than we knew already and allowed us to experience the beginning of dreams we did not know existed.
number 1. The birth of Hadley Rose. I was able to experience the natural birth I had hoped for with Emmett. Her birth was healing for me as I realized (due to it) that I had experienced some trauma after Emmett's birth. Though shifting into life as a family of 4 was challenging (and still is often times!), we learned this year to slow down and take this year for what it is: a season.
number 2. We bought our first home! What not many people knew a year ago is that Jake and I were contemplating leaving western PA. We were given the opportunity to move back to New England and really wanted to (mainly because of family). But it was through praying and researching for the potential move that we felt God calling us to stay put. We spent ONE day with a realtor here and bought the fourth house that we saw. This house is a haven and most importantly the one we call home. (We moved in March.)
number 3. Hawaii vacation. We had the awesome opportunity to vacation on Oahu with Jake's parents. It was such a fun week complete with Hawaiian food, hiking, swimming and just being a family. What a beautiful island and place to be!
number 4. We started to pursue new dreams. I've said it before and I will say it again, becoming a stay at home mom has granted me more opportunities and ways to pursue my dreams…sometimes dreams I did not even know I had. So what does this look like? For me it was photography and writing. I started my own small photography business taking family photos. My Instagram exploded (in my terms) from 500 followers last November to 3000 in less than a year. The real clincher was when I started making money off of some posts. Jake and I then decided to really give this Instagram thing a "go." (Look out 2018!) For Jake he continued making his paint cans but also continued making drink openers. He also has another really, really huge idea but we are keeping that one a secret currently.
number 5. Two week vacation. Since before Jake and I said "I Do" we have never had a full two weeks off together. Even though I taught for a couple years and had my summers free, Jake still had to work. We were blessed with an awesome week long honeymoon and several other week long vacations, but this year topped it time wise. Jake had off a total of 16 days in a row….perks of him working for a college and getting Christmas week off! We spent it mainly in NJ and NH visiting a ton of family and some we hardly ever get the chance to see. It was so fun and Emmett had a blast with all his cousins. He was without want of a playmate for 2 weeks. Thankfully since being home he seems to be doing all right overall <3
[my brother with our kiddos]
2017 was a huge year for us, but it was also very trying. I think I will share those moments next time! Until then, See ya 2017!
Hello 2018.


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This is the story of how Blade Anthony found love and healing from a sweet puppy named DD after his return home from Iraq as a medic in the Marine Corps.
It's estimated that 20% of military vets suffer from post traumatic stress disorder. Pets for Vets is an organization that rehabilitates and trains rescue dogs so they can live in harmony with military veterans. Each dog is selected for a vet based on matching or similar personalities, and in the end, both a dog finds a loving home and the vet finds companionship. It's difficult for people to understand the symptoms of someone who's dealing with PTSD, and a pet is a source of unconditional love and assurance that may be needed when certain moments aren't so bright. Of course, a pet may not be the only source of assistance in dealing with PTSD one should seek, although having a loving furry friend may be a great additional source of healing.


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ClearChoice Portland is located in the Tigard Triangle Business Park, where Interstate 5 and Highway 217 meet in Willamette Valley. We have established a patient-focused, all-in-one center to provide you with new beautiful teeth in just one day. Our team of specialists looks forward to working with you and sharing their expertise.
A former professor of fixed, removable, and implant prosthodontics at Oregon Health and Sciences University, Dr. El-Ebrashi obtained his degree in dental surgery from the University of Newcastle upon Tyne in England. He subsequently completed training in prosthodontics and earned a Master of Science from the University of Michigan.
Dr. El-Ebrashi is a Diplomate of the American Board of Prosthodontics, a fellow of the American College of Prosthodontics, and a board member of the National Foundation of Ectodermal Dysplasia.
Dr. El-Ebrashi is a strong believer in the ethics behind the "team" approach to helping his patients, which makes him an ideal match for ClearChoice. He has a love for his profession and he constantly works to improve his skill set. Add to that his personable demeanor, good sense of humor and ability to relate to people and it's easy to see why he's well-liked by patients and colleagues.


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These are chat archives for arenanet/api-cdi
@ChieftainAlex, someone mentioned somewhere that the table of available prefixes on https://wiki.guildwars2.com/wiki/Experimental_Envoy_Helmet is actually missing the PoF stats, which made me think about the API having those itemstats available and also how you're using the API in several widgets.
Do you think that something like this PoC fiddle would be worth it as a widget? https://jsfiddle.net/71ncqaLn/


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Our first morning at Jeeva Beloam, we were woken up with sunrise peeking into our Beruga. Morning lights softly illuminate the room. It was glorious…peaceful…and just plain beautiful.
The generator set went off somewhere in the middle of the night and we were fully prepared for this so we opened the sliding door and let the cool ocean wind blew right into our Beruga. We were quite lucky we came in December where it's officially the rainy season.
No rushing, we took our time enjoying our first morning away together.
We decided to go and check out the beach.
It was a great decision to pack my tripod – now if only I did get that monopod for the cell phone – anyway, we had a great time taking pictures by the beach. Sands between our toes, the crashing waves…
It was just beautiful and to share it with the man I love? Precious!
After a delicious breakfast, we decided to go kayaking and snorkeling. You will have to tell the beach camp hosts so they can prepare everything for you. They even packed soft drinks and mineral water in a cooler box so we won't get thirsty.
Mind you, I'm not very good at snorkeling – no, I royally suck at it – when I went to Krakatoa I managed to drink more water than breathing properly underwater. So yeah, I was nervous about it and a bit worried to look silly in front of the man that I love.
We climbed up on the back of the Camp's small hooded pick-up truck and one of the guys sit with us. I forgot his name, but he was very friendly. The ride was bumpy.
A few minutes to what they called Tangsi Beach – better known now as Pink Beach. Yes, pink and the sand really looks quite pink because of the red corals fragments washes off to the beach. It was gorgeous!
Watch our bumpy short ride below.
We choose the two seaters kayak. I haven't kayaked in years and this is the first time I'll get on a tandem kayak! So my heart was pounding slightly nervous. No! My heart was beating like crazy. Did I say I was nervous?
Rachman – one of the beach camp's hosts – came with us. He kayaks well ahead of us.
Dan knows that I'm not a very good snorkeler yet he assured me he will be there with me, that I will be fine. That he won't push me, I just need to get comfortable with the breathing through the mouth idea. That he will follow my lead and we would just go at the pace I am comfortable with.
We got to a small island and Rachman went back to get us bottled waters.
We tried to snorkel a little and I was getting more confident when I forgot and suddenly tried to breathe through my nose and of course I panicked. Sigh. After several attempts, I decided I'll brave myself and hold Dan's hand as he took me a little further…a little deeper. And my heart froze.
Seeing those beautiful fishes just took my breath away. Literally! I loved it, but the panic came back. I snorted some salt water again.
We spent hours there. I had to force Dan to go ahead and snorkel alone to the deeper parts while I rest on the small island collecting some shells and got some tanned.
On our way back, I was more confident on the kayak. It was so much fun!
Too much fun that Dan got some pretty bad sunburn! While I just got dark. Poor Dan was really red around his back and legs.
We went to a different spot the next day. They call it Semangkuk Beach. It's not too far off the Pink Beach. We used the kayak again to get there.
It was such a big disappointment for us. Why? Because it was filthy dirty! Yes, the white sand secluded beach looks pretty but the floating garbage?! Plus the corals were pretty much dead. Really a sad situation that we both regretted, seeing how people use the ocean as a big garbage can is just very disturbing.
Learning to snorkel there was such a disappointment too. The dead corals scratched my thighs and legs. We got stings by marine stingers that left us pretty itchy. Didn't take us long before we made our way back to the beach to catch some sun and headed back to the beach camp.
On our third day, we decided to just practice by the beach in front of our Berugas. The waves were a little bigger, pushing sand all over the place. It was harder for me to learn to snorkel. I almost give up. I'm a fish who can't snorkel! Joy…NOT!
By the fourth day, we decided to just rest and didn't go snorkeling.
On our last day at the beach camp, we decided to return to the first spot. The little island off the Pink Beach.
While Dan thinks I did better this time, I still was a bit disappointed that I would start panicking after a few minutes and had to come up for air. What the heck is wrong with me?! Gah!
Dan came up with a brilliant idea to allow me to explore the deeper part of the ocean. He got on our kayak while I held on to the back of it. This time, I took off the snorkel's breathing tube and just use the goggles and flippers. It was brilliant! I grew more confidence even went down for a dive several times while holding my breath and just take all the magical underwater world in pure amazement. Now, I understand why people get hooked on diving! It really is magical.
Through this, I learned to trust my partner, even when I was scared and nervous. Knowing he will never leave me there was a comforting thing. Our little snorkeling trip taught me that we are pretty damn awesome as a team. To know we both can be both outdoorsy is really fun.
Jeeva Beloam also provided other activities such as tracking – which, unfortunately, we couldn't do due to the weather as it was raining every afternoon while we were there. Here's a list of activities provided by them.
Thank you Jeeva Beloam for taking good care of us for 5 days!
Jeeva Beloam Beach Camp
Jalan Pantai Beloam, Tanjung Ringgit, Sekaroh, Jerowaru East Lombok – Indonesia
Email : firstname.lastname@example.com
Reservation: email@example.com
[disclaim]This is a genuinely written review post after personal stays at Jeeva Beloam. For further details please refer to my PR Page.[/disclaim]


text:
by Dave
(Melbourne Australia)
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text:
Great River Health Systems of Southeast Iowa, successfully implemented over 50 integrated Cerner solutions across the health system in 2014.
Great River Health Systems of southeast Iowa, successfully implemented over 50 integrated Cerner solutions across the health system in 2014. While visiting the 2015 Ambulatory Summit in Kansas City, Great River learned about Cerner's Practice Management (CPM) solution, and again started looking to incorporate a more productive and practical solution to improve patient care and a happy work environment for their staff. CPM would provide a complete suite for physician practices, including registration, scheduling, patient accounting and reporting.
Great River made the decision to implement CPM in 16 clinics. Since implementation of Cerner Practice Management from October 2015 to August 2016, and after adding additional providers, the accounts receivable (AR) days have decreased by 13.4 days.
"CPM was designed from beginning to end with clinics in mind, so it's really physician practice management," said Director of Operations, James Bell. "CPM has many benefits, one in particular is that it has allowed Great River to improve clinic throughput. The efficiencies that start with registration and scheduling were felt all the way through to the nurses and physicians in the exam room, and ultimately our patient experience. Our decision to transition to CPM was partly driven by our passion to support physicians and staff, and to really make a great place to work so patients continue to come back and get healthier."
Soon after implementation, physician satisfaction started to climb.
"Cerner Practice Management has really helped us encompass the entire patient experience in one application," said Director of the Business Office, Jane VanFleet.
Sandy Hutson, one of Great River's registration and scheduling trainers, can vouch for the benefits of CPM.
"We use it 100% in registration," said Hutson. "CPM is so much faster with fewer clicks. We've gotten rid of a lot of hospital fields that were unnecessary for clinic registration, and it's a huge time saver. Staff satisfaction is over the top."
In addition to the staff, patients are also benefiting from the decreased wait times.
"It makes the registration process so much smoother, and it's wonderful for our patients because it takes less time," added Hutson. "When they come into the clinics, they already don't feel well, so they don't want to stand at the front desk and answer all these questions for us. Having CPM just makes the process go so much smoother for everyone involved."
Great River has seen so much growth and opportunity in what they have created.
"Our partnership with Cerner and CPM have really increased our ability to communicate effectively with the front-end, from the things we see on the back-end," said VanFleet. "I continue to see us setting goals and communicating back with the clinics, reducing the denial rates, increasing clean claim rates, increasing net revenue and ultimately collecting more money."


text:
"First he chained Westley up in a dank bathroom. Then he locked a bunch of people in a house. Then he died. Then he had an apprentice. Then she died. Then the movies just wouldn't stop. Now years later, Jigsaw's latest game is beginning to unfold. Dr. James Armstrong aboard the International Space Station finds himself an unwilling participant in a dangerous game of cat and mouse. Losing isn't an option for this headstrong, living large doctor. And he better not lose because the life of his wife also hangs in the balance. And his daughter. And his first cousin, Sam. And his parakeet, Sweety. And that other guy introduced in the third act. The action and chills will come so fast and furious you won't even have time to wonder how a dead killer from ten years ago was able to set up traps on a space station that isn't even done being built yet! Marvel at the intricacy of the latest ridiculous methods of torture and death! Be numb at the sheer amounts of blood and gore! Just be sure to be in theaters this October for Saw X. Remember, in space only HE can hear you scream... FOR MERCY."
Coming Soon - October 2013
Like it? Leave a comment.
Like it? Leave a comment.


text:
This story releases tomorrow from MLR Press.
Myles leaned in, and before Dyer could react, their lips touched. He jerked back, startled, but smiled when he saw the pleased expression on Myles's face.
He hadn't minded the kiss a bit. It had just taken him by surprise.
"I've been wanting to do that for the past hour or so," Myles said. "I hope it's okay?"
"Yeah, definitely okay." Dyer's smile broadened, and he felt as if someone had blown up a balloon in his chest.
A pink balloon.
And just like that, his mood dimmed.
He fought the depression that accompanied the reminder of the morning's incident. He refused to let it bring him down again. Not after he'd managed to not only put it aside but deal with the memories it had brought up. He'd had an incredible afternoon with Myles, and he was damned if he would let anything ruin it.
"Are you okay?" Myles wrinkled his forehead. Leaning closer, he lowered his voice. "You've had a really messed up day, and I just keep babbling at you."
"I liked the babbling," Dyer assured him. He took a deep breath and pasted a smile on his face. "Sometimes things get stuck, if that makes sense. I'm fine, and I'd like to decide where to go for something to eat. Most restaurants will probably be packed later, but it's still early enough we might be able to find a place."
"Yeah. That sounds good." Myles squeezed his hand. "Let's go."
They ended up at a Chinese buffet a few blocks away. Over plates heaped with a little bit of everything from the buffet, Myles said, "You know, the first time I saw you in the shop, there was something about you. I know that sounds like the world's biggest cliché, but I mean it. I wanted to talk to you more, but that's kind of hard to do at rush hour in a coffee shop."
"Yeah." Dyer tilted his head and studied the man across from him. "I never had a clue."
"I wasn't sure you'd be interested anyway. Mr. Strait-laced." Myles's cute grin took the sting out of the comment. "All dress shirts and ties and stuff. What do you do for work?"
"Computer systems. Not a big thrill, but it pays the bills." Dyer popped a sesame roll in his mouth.
Myles wasn't the type he would have expected to be attracted to either, with the piercings and rainbow hair, but looks weren't everything. He liked the guy too much to let a few pieces of metal and unnatural hair colors bother him.
He swallowed. "I live in Revere."
"East Boston." Myles chuckled. "We're neighbors and never realized it. That's awesome."
"Yeah." Dyer hesitated. "I live alone. If you ever want a place to hide out from your cousin and her guy, you're welcome."
Myles's eyes widened again, then his face relaxed into a pleased grin. "I'll definitely take you up on that. Maybe next time we go to the museum, we can order in at your place afterward?"
"Yeah, that would be awesome." They were going to see each other again. The last thing Dyer had expected.
The biggest thing he wanted.


text:
Bloody Nightmare
Cocktail recipe1 Cocktail PT2M PT2M cocktail, Vodka, Lime Juice, Cranberry Juice
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Rating: 1.98 / 51.98 stars based on 7 votes with 0 being the worst and 5 being the best
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Highball glass
3 Ingredients
- 1 oz. Vodka1 oz. Vodka1 cl Vodka1 ml Vodka1 oz. Vodka1 oz Vodka
- 2 oz. Lime Juice2 oz. Lime Juice2 cl Lime Juice2 ml Lime Juice2 oz. Lime Juice2 oz Lime Juice
- 7 oz. Cranberry Juice7 oz. Cranberry Juice7 cl Cranberry Juice7 ml Cranberry Juice7 oz. Cranberry Juice7 oz Cranberry Juice
Mix in a mixing tin, and then pour in a Collins glass with ice.
Microbadges (Expand)In A List Loads o' Lists Diffords 14 Key Ingredients
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- 1 oz. VodkaVodka ()
- 2 oz. Lime JuiceLime Juice ()
- 7 oz. Cranberry JuiceCranberry Juice ()
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- 2 oz. Lime JuiceLime Juice
- 7 oz. Cranberry JuiceCranberry Juice
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text:
Wednesday, 22 February 2012
Cartier or Tiffany?
17 comments:
Michelle, choose cartier as it is more classy (this is what my perspective on you)!!! second point, gold has more value than platinum! You gonna have more tiffany's at the coming years! You're going to look great in any ring, as long you and your husband likes it! Congrats!! :)ReplyDelete
p/s: i didn't know about breakfast at tiffany this movie until you blog about it! and now I'M LOVING THIS MOVIE! it's funny!ReplyDelete
So happy for you!! :) SIB KL is a nice place.. My fren when to attend their course also.. But her one is more for couple :)ReplyDelete
sophia! thank you for commenting! <3ReplyDelete
glad you love the movie, funny right?
btw, we plan to get the tiffany instead as we want to follow the theme,
or else the theme wouldn't match our cartier rings right? ehehe, hopefully i can get a cartier ring perhaps on our anniversary.
since all the decoration is tiffany colour, we don't want to spoil it by presenting a cartier ring hehe :D
but thank you so much for commenting, means a lot to me! i check your blog out, left a comment! :D
hey yeah SIB is awesome :)they have a couple course too? didn't know that! i just join coz its marcus church :) lovely church. very nice, kind and passionate people :)
Nice~ LOL din know Marcus is attending SIB..ReplyDelete
I have few friends attending SIB :) I'm attending Calvary Church @ Damansara Heights..
It was held in conjunction of V-day last year :)
thank you! i always read your blog, you know you have really good fashion sense! now, it sounds legit choosing a tiffany ring when it comes to match the whole wedding theme! michelle, pls promise to update your blog about your wedding when you're free. I feel so excited for you!! :DReplyDelete
i heard calvary is good as well :) marcus best friend is in calvary :)
YES i will! i shall update all the progress on my blog, hope to help people who are getting married later :) im excited as well! soon it will be 9 more months to go! and i have got lotsa planning to do! <3 wish me luck! :)
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text:
Peruvian Amazon
Peruvian Amazon
Cloaking nearly half the South American continent, the Amazon Basin is the largest tropical rainforest on Earth. Verdant and thriving, its mix of ecosystems, spectacular junglescapes and rare flora and fauna make it among the world's foremost nature zones.
Dense and nearly impenetrable Amazonian rainforest makes up nearly two thirds of Peru; east of the Andes, it covers an area of over 850,000km². It's an astonishingly undisturbed corner of the globe: only 5% of Peru's population live here including 15 "uncontacted" tribes, their way of life unchanged for centuries.
The Amazon has the highest biodiversity on the planet, an extraordinary range of flora and fauna. As part of a luxury tour, we'll introduce you to one of the word's most exceptional wildlife habitats. Beneath the jungle canopy, there are tapirs and jaguars, macaws and pygmy marmosets, hundreds of monkey species, squadrons of colourful butterflies and pink dolphins in the rivers. If you've ever wondered how the world would be without the influence of humans, a tour here may answer a few of these questions.
We'll have you staying in a luxury eco-lodge on your wildlife tour, deep in the jungle surrounded by all its evocative sounds and smells. From there you can explore the jungle trails through national parks and wildlife sanctuaries or try river kayaking or canopy climbing. Easily one of the most memorable ways to tour the Amazon is on a luxury cruise. Typically cruises start from Iquitos, the largest city in the world accessible only by plane or waterway.
With a tour of the Peruvian Amazon from Lightfoot Travel, you benefit from the expert knowledge and personal experience of our region experts. We'll create your own highly personalised luxury itinerary and offer impartial advice on the best accommodation for your needs.


text:
Mini Blueberry Bagels
Note: It's best to make these with sweet, fresh blueberries. Depending on type of berry (and time of year), some berries are tasty, but rather bitter. The sweeter ones work the best for flavor in this recipe because there is no sugar and only a little honey to sweeten the dough.
Line cookie sheet with silicon mat or parchment paper.
In a 1 cup measuring cup mix and let rest 5 minutes:
1/3 cup warm water
2 Tbsp honey
1 tsp rapid rise yeast (quick-rise yeast)
Add to yeast mixture:
1 egg
2 Tbsp oil
Set liquids aside, and mix together in a mixer:
2/3 cup tapioca starch
½ cup brown rice flour
2 Tbsp potato starch
1 ¼ tsp xanthan gum
½ tsp salt
Add liquids to mixer. Mix on low, until combined. Then mix on medium speed, scraping occasionally, for 2-3 minutes. Batter will be nice and smooth.
Fold in gently:
½ cup fresh & sweet blueberries (thawed or canned & drained would be okay, but you'll end up with very swirled/blue bagels – you've probably seen some like this before)
Put batter into a Ziploc (I like the freezer bags because they're stronger). Cut ½"- ¾" off one corner. Pipe 7-8 mini bagels onto prepared cookie sheet, leaving big holes in the center to account for rising and puffing up during baking. You can wet your fingers to help smooth any areas that need fixing. (If you have large blueberries, you may find you need to cut a larger hole and can make only 6-7 bagels. This is OK, but try to make no fewer than 6 bagels or it affects the final state of the bagel)
Let rise in a warm location, uncovered, for 30 minutes. They may not look like they've risen much, but they'll rise more in the oven.
Seriously, this is the bagels after 30 minutes of sitting on top of the warm oven. I find they look a bit smoother, but not noticeably bigger. (and I had rotated the pan a few times, so you're looking at the ones that were in the back compared to the picture above)
Bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes until browned. Cool on cooling rack. Once cooled, you can slice and freeze if you aren't planning to eat them right away. Enjoy!
Fresh out of the oven! Amazing how much they rise, right!?
Cooled, sliced and ready for cream cheese (or whatever you enjoy on your blueberry bagel).


text:
I think I did a decent job with this request. The only thing I could say is while you can tell that it is a cat, but I'm not sure about the lion thing.
As with my other two returns from NFL teams this was all that was inside the return envelope. What this means is unless the two remaining returns come with a business card inside. I will pass on sending out more requests to NFL teams. From there I will move onto NBA, and the remaining NHL teams still missing business cards.


text: As you likely know, Mad Men's fifth season won't air until 2012. But next week, American television screens will welcome The Hour, a British drama that also takes inspiration from the fifties and sixties. Except in England, and with some true maniacs: Specifically, those who run an hour-long news program (programme?) in London. We haven't seen the show yet, so who knows if the six-part series will be engrossing as Draper and Co. But we'll be tuning in next Wednesday, if only to see more clothes like the ones above. Compared to the sack suits and somber charcoal that the ad men prefer, the journalists in this show seem a bit swankier — well, if that was a word we felt comfortable using around here.


text:
- Services for business
- Recruitment
Green Recruitment Company
91 Waterloo Road LambethLondon SE1 8RT
020 3640 2130
Delivering a unique, ethically led approach to recruitment
The Green Recruitment Company has a unique, ethically led approach to recruitment and meets the Green industry's requirement for a truly sustainable recruitment solution. Their service is award-winning, delivering to clients throughout the globe and across the core sectors: Renewable Energy Generation, Energy Distribution and Energy Management. Green Recruitments bespoke approach is based on deep and lasting relationships with our candidates and clients. Their company operations revolve around industry-leading CSR.


text:
Overview of Vancouver, BC Neighbourhoods.
We invite you to explore some of the great neighbourhoods that Vancouver has to offer. We look forward to answering any questions you might have about the real estate market and opportunities in any of the below communities.
West Vancouver is a district municipality north of English Bay, adjoined by the District of North Vancouver to the east, and Howe Sound to the southeast. It is a distinct municipality from the city of Vancouver, separated by water but connected by the Lions Gate Bridge—only a 20-minute drive away from each other.Photo: Andrea Schaffer via Flickr
North Vancouver is a waterfront municipality north of the Burrard Inlet, across the City of Vancouver.Photo: Tal Atlas, via Flickr
More of a collection of different neighbourhoods, East Vancouver is bordered to the north by the Burrard Inlet, the Fraser River to the south, and the city of Burnaby to the east.Photo: Chris Huggins, via Flickr
The Westside of Vancouver refers to the area that extends from downtown through to the University of British Columbia; in general, it is west of Main Street, which separates it from East Vancouver.Photo: Kyle Pearce
Situated along the Burrard Inlet shore, Coal Harbour stretches from Vancouver Convention Centre to Stanley Park. Right next to the West End, it is home to some of Vancouver's most luxurious and expensive high-end condos.Photo: tdlucas5000, via Flickr
Located in the southeastern portion of the Vancouver peninsula, Downtown is Vancouver's business, arts, sports, and entertainment centre.Photo: Magnus Larsson via Flickr
The West End is located on the western side of the City of Vancouver, bordered by West Georgia to the north, Burrard Street to the east, Denman Street to the west, and Beach Avenue to the south.Photo: Socceronly via Wikimedia Commons
Kitsilano— "Kits" as it is fondly called by residents— is bordered by English Bay to the north, Burrard Street to the east, Alma Street to the West, and 16th Avenue to the south. Welcoming, charming, and fun, Kits has become one of the most livable neighbourhoods in Vancouver.Photo: Robert Wermer, via Wikimedia Commons
Bounded by Nelson, Homer, Drake, and Pacific streets, Yaletown is considered by many to be the "trendy" area in the city to work and live in. It has art galleries, retail stores, restaurants, offices, and residential developments, often as lofts.Photo: TOTORORO.RORO, via Flickr