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Apache Solar Dedication Receives Keynote From Congresswoman McSally
BENSON – Congresswoman Martha McSally (AZ-02) was the keynote speaker as Arizona G&T Cooperatives (AzGT) celebrated adding 20 MW of renewable solar energy to its energy portfolio during the dedication of the Apache Solar Project on Sept. 22, 2017.
The Apache Solar Project is on the east side of Highway 191, just north of the Apache Generating Station.
"This is a great example of a bottom-up, community-driven investment in innovation, and a community-driven commitment to energy diversity, as opposed to a top-down decision made by bureaucrats in Washington, D.C., telling everybody what to do in a 'one size fits all' way," McSally said.
"I really want to congratulate Arizona G&T Cooperatives for its decision, and the process, everything that was done here to get to this point. This is the model the rest of the country should follow," McSally said.
Planning began in 2015 and the construction permit was granted on April 13, 2016. Initially, the request for proposals (RFP) to solar contractors the following month was for a 2 MW, 6 MW, and 14 MW project. However, there was more interest than expected and AzGT contracted for a 17 MW project in August 2016. Working closely with the AzGT Class A Members Cooperatives, AzGT achieved full subscription and awarded a 17 MW contract on November 22, 2016. The AEPCO board of directors then decided to offer some of the solar project to other organizations and in February 2017 the project increased to 20 MW with Electrical District No. 2 (ED2) subscribing to 3 MW.
"Obviously, the more folks that are subscribing, the lower the cost, and that is the essence of cooperatives," AzGT CEO Patrick Ledger said.
"A lot of public power, a lot of co-ops are small. But when we get together, you're taking advantage of an economy of scale. And wherever we can do that, we should," Ledger said.
Preparation began with clearing the site in March 2017, and construction took approximately six months.
Apache Solar Project Fast Facts:
- 20 MW AC to the grid
- Total acres: 134 (all existing AEPCO property)
- Total number of panels: 77,053
- Each panel produces 320 watts
- Nine 2.5 MW inverters, which convert the DC power generated by the panels to AC power
- AEPCO designed and installed the 15/20/25 MVA 69/34.5 kVA step up transformer in the Apache 69 kV yard
About Arizona G&T Cooperatives
Arizona Electric Power Cooperative (AEPCO) and Sierra Southwest (Sierra) collectively make up Arizona G&T Cooperatives. AEPCO owns and operates the 605-megawatt (combined gross) Apache Generating Station, located at Cochise, east of Benson. AEPCO also owns and maintains more than 610 miles of transmission lines and 50 substations to provide wholesale electric power from Apache to six member distribution cooperatives in southern Arizona, western New Mexico, northwestern Arizona and California.
Sierra is the vehicle to develop new ways to serve the renewable energy needs of our Member cooperatives and customers, and helps maximize solar and other renewable tax credits that are available. Sierra has initiated two utility scale solar projects; the 20 MW Apache Solar project on AEPCO property adjacent to and northeast of AGS, and the Anza Electric Cooperative 2 MW solar array adjacent to the Anza EC headquarters in Anza, California. Sierra will play a key role as we adapt to the changing energy landscape.
Combined, the distribution cooperatives that receive AEPCO's wholesale power serve more than 150,000 meters representing more than 400,000 individual residential, commercial, agricultural, and industrial member/consumers.
The Class A member cooperatives that receive wholesale power from AEPCO include Duncan Valley Electric Cooperative, Duncan; Graham County Electric Cooperative, Pima; Mohave Electric Cooperative, Bullhead City; Sulphur Springs Valley Electric Cooperative, Willcox; Trico Electric Cooperative, Marana; and our California member, Anza Electric Cooperative, Anza, California.
These member cooperatives own the AzGT and, by extension, the G&T Cooperatives are owned by their members—the people at the end of the line who use the power.


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Folk Dance and Other Site Links:
AreYouDancing covers Swing, Ballroom, Latin, Jive and Folk dancing across the UK, together with international events. It is steadily expanding, so check for details near you and advertise your events for free.
Website: www.areyoudancing.com
Bridport & West Bay Community Website:
Website: www.bridportandwestbay.co.uk/
The local site for local events.
East Devon Hub:
Lists and promotes events in West Dorset, East & South Devon and Exeter.
Website: www.eastdevonhub.co.uk
English Ceilidh [Eceilidh]:
Register with eceilidh by sending a blank email to firstname.lastname@example.com to be able to send in events, and receive regular listings of events from Webfeet
Website: http://www.cix.co.uk/~net-services/ec/
Flaxey Green:
On line site which lists musicians, callers, folk events, dances, festivals for Devon (and occasionally strays over the border); linked to What's Afoot – see below.
For listings, see www.flaxey-green.co.uk/Pages/Whats_On.html click on the calendar date to view.
Radio Solent:
The Radio Solent guide lists local events.
Website: www.bbc.co.uk/radiosolent
SAD Folk:
The Somerset and Dorset Folk Diary (or SaDFolk) is based around a weekly email service, listing 'folk' events in Somerset and Dorset. The term 'event' covers concerts, barn dances, sessions, workshops and any other folk related activity.
Set And Turn Single:
The Set and Turn Single web site contains listings of all the national dance events that we know about. We list dances in the "English" tradition which includes English country dance, "Playford" style dances, contra dances and ceilidhs.
Webfeet – Dancing on the Web:
Webfeet is English Ceilidh, Folk Dance, Barn-dance, Contra, Cajun, French/Breton, Morris…
Index by County, Map, Links, Events listings
Website: http://www.webfeet.org/eceilidh/dates/
Publishes a local guide on-line and lists events for free.
Website: www.wessexfm.com/contribute/gig-guide
What's Afoot, Devon Folk:
Devon Folk is a voluntary, constituted body and is the only county-wide organisation promoting folk activities of all types (song, social dance, ritual dance, mumming etc.). Through a 4 – monthly publication "What's Afoot" (December, April, and August) and this website, it provides contact details for clubs throughout the county and across the borders.
Where Can We Go?:
A nationwide What's On event guide
Yahoo All Ceilidh Group:
allceilidh is an amalgamation of offtopic ceilidh and virtual ceilidh. This group follows the dictionary definition of ceilidh, being simply a gathering!
If you have something to say about folk music and dance, do it here. Everyone is welcome to speak, so if it's remotely relevant to the folk scene, allceilidh look forward to hearing from you.
Receive allceilidh digest emails from email@example.com

subset: commoncrawl


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We all hoped that companies had figured out that DRM and content do not mix after watching the transition of digital music from DRM infested files to unaltered tracks. But it looks like every new platform might have to go through that learning process including e-readers.
Amazon's Kindle is a case in point, but although Amazon may control the content it cannot control people playing with its Kindle device and trying to break the DRM. An Israeli hacker has managed to do just that and hacked the Kindle DRM effectively turning it into an open device free to transfer content to and from it. All content already on the device can be converted to PDF files and transferred elsewhere.
The hacker is only known by the name Labba and had some help from other users of an Israeli hacking forum known as Hacking.org (translated). The project actually started out as a challenge on the forums, which garnered interest and eventually a workaround for the DRM.
It is expected Amazon will investigate, close the security hole used, and automatically update Kindles to protect against it. That won't stop Labba though, and much like the iPhone and PSP before it, a new hack will be released to unlock the patched device again.
Read more at Boy Genius Report
Matthew's Opinion
So the Kindle has finally caught up to other device like the PSP and has an active community breaking the DRM. Amazon will now attempt to fight a losing battle to stop the hacks, but we all know once this starts there is no real end to it. A patch just means a new challenge for the hackers and eventually the device is opened again.
The music industry seems to be coping with selling music tracks that contain no DRM now, so why not the book publishing industry too? Do they really need to be educated as a totally separate entity to the music publishers? It certainly seems that way and all because there is a fear of lost revenue.
The fact is, if you have a solid platform like e-book readers, good e-tailers to back them up, and reasonable pricing, then people will buy the books. If you don't want to pay for a book the means already exist to get it for free so DRM doesn't really solve anything.
No doubt this hack will become widely available before too long and, if simple enough, could become quite popular. Would you consider using it on your Kindle?


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From ReadWriteMobile from "The iPhone Killed My Creativity", by Brian S.Hall, 29 March 2013
"I love my iPhone," writes Brian S Hall. "I take it with me everywhere. But I am starting to fear it may be killing my creativity.
"Numerous studies and much accepted wisdom suggest that time spent doing nothing, being bored, is beneficial for sparking and sustaining creativity. With our iPhone in hand – or any smartphone, really – our minds, always engaged, always fixed on that tiny screen, may simply never get bored. And our creativity suffers.
"Peter Toohey, author of Boredom: A Lively History, told the New York Times that boredom is the experience of "wanting to, but being unable to engage in satisfying activity." No wonder those of us with smartphones are able to avoid boredom so easily. We can always engage in some satisfying activity, no matter how trivial – snap a picture of our meal, play a quick game of Angry Birds, check-in on Foursquare or leave a tip. […] A study last year by UK carrier O2 examined the amount of time the typical user spends each day on their smartphone. It's a lot – more than two hours a day, everyday. Most of that is spent browsing the Internet, on social networking sites, playing games, listening to music, calling, emailing and texting – and not, for example, learning a new language."


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About Us
Contact Us
(029) 2077 7070
Industrial Painting Services, Highly Specialised
Surface Preparations & Protective Coating Systems
Our Services >
Port Painters: Industrial Painting Contractors
Based in Cardiff, South Wales, Port Painters are a team of
industrial painting contractors
with a reputation for top-quality work. We are capable of carrying out highly specialised surface preparations and applying a variety of protective coating systems. Our services include grit blasting, hydro jetting, and slurry blasting –
click here
for further details.
We have been providing high-quality services to Wales and the rest of the UK since 1971, when Port Painters was founded. As a modern, safety-conscious company, we provide ongoing specialist training for our operatives, along with performance reviews and periodic external audits.
Here at Port Painters, we subscribe to continuing investment, and we are committed to providing a quality-trained workforce that is able to satisfy the requirements of our important customers, both now and in the future.
We are Wales's leading industrial painters, and the Port Painters brand has become synonymous with safe, efficient work. We are known for providing the very highest quality at a fair and reasonable price.
Our fully trained, safety-aware painting contractors can provide site surveys, advice and recommendation reports, specifications, programming of works and method statements for every job they undertake. To learn more about our industrial painting services, give us a call on
(029) 2077 7070
Our Portfolio
Our painters have completed work on a number of stadiums throughout Wales and the UK.
Read More >
Chemical Plants
We have many years of experience providing specialist coating systems for chemical plants.
Read More >
New Steelwork
New steel structures require protective coatings. Our industrial painting specialists are fully trained and highly experienced in this area.
Read More >
Port Painters are committed to minimising their effect on the environment.
Read our Environmental Policy Statement for further information >
Read More >
Our Clients
Our Address
Port Painters
Unit 3 Ringside Business Park,
Heol-y-Rhosog, Cardiff CF3 2EW
(029) 2077 7070
(029) 2036 3023
Company Registration Number:
Terms & Privacy
Send us an enquiry
© Copyright Port Painters 2020 | All rights reserved
Website Design
by Designer Websites


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*(HETAS certificate of installation required in case of warranty claim)
The new 'Dante' Carron stoves have been Defra approved, which means that they can be used to burn wood in a smokeless zone.
The Dante stoves have a large glass window set into the round body, are fitted with ceramic firebrick linings and have an external riddling grate. The Dante stoves have primary and secondary air intakes built into the door.
The Carron stoves are suitable for burning all solid fuels.
Overall a great stove at an affordable price, highly recommended.
W - 420mm
H - 550mm
D - 365mm
Top flue
Flue Diameter - 150mm
Heat Output (wood)- Up to 5kW
Efficiency 76.9%
Controllable Airwash
Weight - 70kg
The riddling grate is operated externally on the right side.
Don't forget to order stove pipe when ordering your stove.
If your chimney leaks and requires a liner, order flue liner now.


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Thursday 17 May 2018
May 14, 2018
Pashinian Assures Putin 'Strategic Partnership' Not In Doubt
Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian has thanked Russian President Vladimir Putin for what he called Moscow's "balanced position" amid the political upheaval that brought him to power in Yerevan, and reassured the Kremlin that the "strategic partnership" between the countries is not in doubt.
May 13, 2018
Armenia's Pashinian Travels To Sochi For Likely Putin Meeting
Armenia's new prime minister, Nikol Pashinian, is traveling to the Russian resort city of Sochi, where he is expected to have his first face-to-face meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin since taking over the Caucasus nation's leadership.
May 10, 2018
Armenian Government Conducts First Shake-Up Under Pashinian
The Armenian government has conducted its first major shake-up since former protest leader Nikol Pashinian became prime minister on May 8, firing the country's top police chief and its national security adviser, while the acting finance minister announced his resignation.
May 10, 2018
'I Felt I Had To Be Here': The Armenian Diaspora Who Joined The Protests
Members of Armenia's large diaspora population came home to join the wave of mass protests that brought down the government. Armenia's population is around 3 million, but twice as many Armenians live abroad. (Photos by RFE/RL's Giorgi Gogua)
May 09, 2018
Armenia's Pashinian Calls For Karabakh Leaders' Involvement In Peace Talks
A day after being chosen Armenia's new prime minister, Nikol Pashinian has called for the de facto authorities in Nagorno-Karabakh, a region in Azerbaijan under the control of ethnic Armenian forces, to become a party in the internationally mediated talks to resolve the long-standing conflict between Yerevan and Baku.


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Located near Sanfu Port in western Liuqiu, Sanfu Ecological Path has a uniquely eroded coastal landform with a variety of features such as column-shaped coral formations similar to Vase Rock, small caves and potholes. The column-shaped coral formation looks like a mushroom because its lower part becomes thinner, like Vase Rock, as a result of being eroded by the sea over a long period of time.
The potholes on the eroded platform are formed by being continuously eroded by the waves and salt, so you can see salt crystals around some of them.
In comparison with other scenic spots on the island, Sanfu Ecological Path is richer in geological sights, especially the potholes which can be seen only here.


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Singer Justin Timberlake ridiculed Hugo Chavez as a gun-toting liability during an appearance as host of US comedy show Saturday Night Live.
Four days after Chavez died of cancer at the age of 58, Timberlake posed as Elton John to sing a parody of Candle In The Wind, referencing the late socialist leader's more outlandish statements and suggesting his belligerence encouraged crime and violence.
Timberlake sang: "You said the US causes earthquakes and you outlawed Coke Zero, and on your shoulder sat your parrot with a matching red beret." He later mocked Chavez's claim that capitalism may have ended life on Mars.
After recalling the press conference in which Chavez drew two pistols in front of his astonished audience, Timberlake referenced the spate of abductions that have blighted Venezuela in recent years, singing: "You helped make your country the kidnapping capital of the world."
Chavez's notorious television programme also attracted mockery, as Timberlake sang: "You had your own TV show, it was called 'Hello President'. It wasn't about politics, you sometimes danced and made up raps."
It was the fifth time Timberlake had hosted the show, and he was joined by actors Tom Hanks, Steve Martin, Chevy Chase, Dan Aykroyd and Alec Baldwin to be initiated into the "Five-Timers Club".
"There are so many exciting things about hosting five times," Timberlake said. "You get to see old friends, you get to try new things. You get to inevitably let everybody down due to incredibly high expectations - thanks internet."
The singer will headline this year's Wireless Festival in east London, where he will appear alongside Jay-Z.


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Gov. Rick Scott announced Wednesday that Jeffrey Bragg, his former pick for insurance commissioner who faced questions from Cabinet members about a Palm Beach Post story, has been appointed Secretary of the state's Department of Elder Affairs.
The appointment is effective Sept. 23. Bragg replaces Sam Verghese, who announced he will be leaving the agency to pursue opportunities in the private sector.
A former state ombudsman for long term care, Brian Lee, wondered how well Bragg's credentials, largely in U.S. flood and terrorism insurance, fit the job at hand.
"It would seem that the millions of seniors who call Florida home are tiring of elected officials who continually make a mockery of the agency that's supposed to best represent their interests to state leaders," said Lee, executive director of the advocacy group Families For Better Care.
"Florida can do a better job for seniors," Lee said.
Gov. Scott cited Bragg's more than 40 years of experience in the public and private sectors, and said he is "a proven leader who is uniquely qualified" for the job.
"His experience as well as his management skills will bring new ideas to the department," Scott said in a statement. "I am confident he will be a great advocate for the elderly in our state."
Bragg served as the executive director of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program at the U.S. Department of Treasury from 2003 until 2014. In addition to private-sector work in insurance, he served from 1981 until 1986 under the Reagan Administration as administrator for the National Flood Insurance Program.
Cabinet members deadlocked on a choice for insurance commissioner this spring after Bragg faced questions on a Post story about a lawsuit claiming he misled investors in a Florida flood insurance venture. The suit was later settled.
In response to another question, Bragg told Attorney General Pam Bondi he was unfamiliar with navigators, government-paid helpers under the Affordable Care Act. The Cabinet eventually selected deputy insurance commissioner David Altmaier for the top job.


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310 grams (10.93 oz)
140 grams (4.94 oz)
This sophisticated chocolate box is a sure hit during special occasions like anniversaries, birthdays, and Valentine's Day. Get the 'yes' you've been dreaming of with this valentines day chocolates delivery.
Feeling a bit romantic?
Why not give your significant other gift chocolates that will make their heart skip a beat?
One great find would be the Sottili Profumi. order chocolates online now for quick chocolate gifts delivery.
A luxury chocolate box that offers a fantastic range of 16 chocolate pralines that you wouldn't want to miss: 4 cremino, 4 croccantino pralines, 4 rose pralines, and 4 jasmine pralines. The luscious chocolate blends well with the aroma and unique flavours of rose and jasmine, while the texture of the croccantino praline make each bite quite unforgettable. If you're wondering how to get best tasting chocolate experience like an expert, today's the best time to find out!


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When you're not 'that' mom. The thoughtful, caring, happy-go-lucky, laid back mom. I'm not that mom. I'm the – I expect more, expect you to expect more, do your chores, suck it up and figure it out mom. I don't love sitting and chatting constantly but I do love hearing what you have to say. However if you start whining with zero intent of finding a solution – – this mama ain't got time for that.
Often I observe other moms super excited to be at every single practice, every school event, every playdate. Even planning events or activities for said play dates on a regular basis. I am not that mom. I'm too blunt. I enjoy my children's activities but have a hard time hiding when I'm done – over it – or annoyed. I feel that by being authentic, I'm showing my children that it's okay to be human. Demonstrating that that while I'm in love with being their mom, at times my brain is seeking something other than what we're doing at the moment.
Even shopping. God. I HATE to shop. Recently I took one of my girls bra and underwear shopping. Most moms would bond over this. We did the first time – I think. I know she wanted to – and I tried but —- but —- PICK A COLOR ALREADY. I don't want to spend 45 minutes in a store stinking of perfume while you decide between blush and baby blue. Because child – that bra will be under a shirt and if anyone can see any part of the baby blue or pink, you're not wearing the shirt properly….or out of my house!
I get jealous of moms that take/get such immense joy from each and EVERY LITTLE FREAKING thing their children do. I exist. I get through. I survive. I endure.
I don't always enjoy.
However I do find pleasure in a lot of things. Seeing my children succeed, smile, laugh, and yell with glee. These things make my heart SING.
But honestly, there are times I cannot take sitting through one more..practice…concert…play…whatever.
I wonder – what am I missing? What am I missing out on by not being 'that' mom? I worry I'm lacking something – that my children will grown up wishing they'd had someone else as their mama. Am I enough as I am?
Then I remember. I'm the best me I can be. I'm working on being the most I can be. I'm the mom I am and I love my kids deeply and with an unwavering intensity. I love them in my authentic way.
my way


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Waterfront Revitalization
"Vibrant Penticton" is more than just a revitalization project: it marks our community's time to shine.
Following a visioning process and creation of the City's Vision Statement, Council identified the revitalization of Okanagan Lake and Skaha Lake waterfronts as among the strategic priorities for the City. The waterfront walkway along Okanagan Lake from the Peach to the Sicamous was completed earlier this year.
Projects currently on the go:
The Waterfront Revitalization Select Committee was struck with the mandate of creating a strategy and action plan for the enhancement and improvement of waterfront areas.


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Throne Team Gloves
For long, warm-weather rides, Throne made its Team Gloves. They were created for the team riders' demanding stage races, which means they'll be perfect for any ride or race on your calendar this season.
With the Throne gloves, you receive the protection you demand from fingerless gloves, without any extra.


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Step aside, Seamless. You can now order food right on Facebook, the social network announced Friday.
The next time a friend's check-in at Chiptole has you hankering for some queso dip, order it without ever leaving the social network.
"People already go to Facebook to figure out what to eat by reading about nearby restaurants, and seeing what their friends say about them," Facebook VP of Local Alex Himel wrote in a blog post. "So, we're making it even easier."
Facebook has been testing this feature since last year, and is now rolling it out everywhere in the US on iOS, Android, and the desktop. You can order food for either pickup or delivery through services like EatStreet, Delivery.com, DoorDash, ChowNow, and Olo, as well as directly from restaurants like Papa John's, Wingstop, Panera, Jack in the Box, TGI Friday's, Denny's, El Pollo Loco, Five Guys, Jimmy John's, and, yes, Chiptole.
For a visual demo of how to order food on Facebook, check out the video below.
Food Ordering Posted by Facebook on Thursday, October 12, 2017
To view nearby restaurants, just visit the Order Food section in the Explore menu. Then, when you find something that sounds yummy, select Start Order. If the restaurant offers takeout and delivery from multiple services, you can select the one you want to use. If you already have an account for that service, sign in to complete your order; if you don't have an account, sign up without leaving the Facebook app.
Meanwhile, just in case you didn't already know, you can also order food right from Google search results and Google Maps.
Further Reading
- Byte: A New Vine In TikTok's World
- Majority of 'Fiancé Visa' Applicants Found Their True Love Online
- Instagram Realizes We Don't Love IGTV
- Twitter Allowed Ads Micro-Targeted at Neo-Nazis
- More in Social Media


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In the past week, I've signed up for WordPress, actually blogged here (twice now), linked that to Klout, posted 20 pics via Instagram on Facebook/Twitter/Flickr while doubling followers, tweeted every day, conversed with influencers (both ways) on Twitter, gotten way more than usual hits on a Facebook post, posted in a writing discussion at Ragan.com via Twitter, checked in & tipped like a fiend in multiple states on Foursquare…. and — not that I care, mind you — my Klout score goes down by 5 points. WTF, Klout?
I'm serious about not caring; I truly believe any kind of "score," rating or whatever of a person's online relevance should be based on quality, not quantity. And I've definitely gotten some good out of Klout, just from a personal branding angle — it's motivated me to align my online presences at Flickr, YouTube, etc.
For anyone not familar with this suddenly important metric in the world of new media, Stephanie Rosenbloom of the New York Times writes:
If you have a Facebook, Twitter or LinkedIn account, you are already being judged — or will be soon. Companies with names like Klout, PeerIndex and Twitter Grader are in the process of scoring millions, eventually billions, of people on their level of influence — or in the lingo, rating "influencers." Yet the companies are not simply looking at the number of followers or friends you've amassed. Rather, they are beginning to measure influence in more nuanced ways, and posting their judgments — in the form of a score — online.
So I have to wonder what they're factoring in over there when my engagement and sharing have actually been higher this whole week. Again, not that any of this matters whatsoever. Oh, and please be sure to like/ retweet/ reblog/ photograph/ screenprint/ yadda, yadda.
Update, 10/27: Apparently I'm influential to someone over at Klout, because since this post they have revamped scoring. The image of my monitor included here on this day now no longer even looks like how it did in the picture. Interesting. Klout now rewrites history.
Update, 11/16: The plot thickens! If you're concerned about privacy, you'll be very interested to read, "Klout Updates Privacy Features. Is it Enough?" by Tonia Ries over at The Realtime Report.
What do you think? Are you on Klout? Have you ever even heard of it? Or do you know your Klout score by heart and check it regularly/daily/hourly? Let us hear from you in the comments…
Related articles
- What Your Klout Score Really Means (Wired.com)
- Klout Scores, Edublog Awards and Other Things That Don't Matter (coopcatalyst.wordpress.com)
- Klout CEO "We Messed Up On This One and Are Deeply Sorry" (blogworld.com)
- Klout's CEO issues an apology for creating profiles of minors (thenextweb.com)
- Up for a Game of Klout? (jeffturner.info)
- My Life Without Klout (socialmouths.com)
- What Klout Really Measures (BrandSavant.com)
- What is Klout's Klout Score? (DIYBlogger.net)


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seafood barbecue
Posted: May 16, 2019Categories: Cooking Ideas, Cooking Inspiration
Grilling is the classic way to celebrate during the warmer months. That smoky charcoal-cooked flavor works wonders on so many proteins and vegetables, including seafood. Combine the two and you have the makings of the ultimate Memorial Day barbecue. If you haven't tried grilling lobster or crab before, no problem. These easy and delicious grilled seafood recipes are the perfect place to start planning.
Grilled Seafood Recipes
Sometimes keeping things simple is the best way to go. You can't go wrong with grilled lobster, crab legs, or mussels served with a side of fresh lemon and melted butter. Take a look at our selection of live Maine lobster as well as lobster tails, crab legs, and


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A new law signed by Gov. Jim Doyle this week allows nonprofits such as the University of Wisconsin Foundation and Marquette University more flexibility in tapping into endowment funds at a time when many have incurred losses because of the economic downturn.perhaps the key phrase here is "an informed judgment." the new law does not change, however, situations where specific spending instructions from the donor are already in place, likely the situation with the 2004 skylight endowment to support the position of artistic director.
Until now, organizations were typically barred from spending from an endowment fund when the value dipped below the historical dollar amount - the amount the endowment was originally set up with. They could spend only interest, dividends or appreciation.
Under Senate Bill 31, signed into law Monday, charitable organizations that manage endowments can make an informed judgment about whether to tap the original funding, said attorney Adam Wiensch, a partner at Foley & Lardner who specializes in trust and estates and lobbied for the bill.
(hat tip: a tuesdays commenter)


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Sally Stetson
One of the wonderful opportunities in being part of a global association is the chance to meet and build relationships with others around the world. Through Salveson Stetson Group's affiliation with IIC Partners, we have joined annual meetings in interesting places; last year, our meeting was in Thailand, and this year we met in Ireland.
I was excited about visiting Ireland, as I heard it is called the Land of 1000 Welcomes. I thought that was just a nice slogan made up by a marketing firm, but I was wrong. It truly is very fitting!
I've highlighted a few thoughts on what I learned during my visit in Ireland:
If you have an opportunity to visit Ireland – either exploring Dublin or the beautiful countryside – you should not pass it up. When you raise a glass at a pub, be sure you say "Sláinte" to endear yourself to the locals. They will appreciate you speaking their language and will invite you back to visit. After all, it is the Land of 1000 Welcomes.


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Nebraska Methodist College:
Nebraska Methodist College, located in Omaha, Nebraska and an affiliate of Methodist Health System, is a premier private health professions institution that has offered a caring, close-knit community to its students since it was established in 1891. With an enrollment of more than 700 students, NMC is small enough to really care about each student as an individual and large enough to provide outstanding undergraduate, graduate and certificate programs in nursing and allied health.
NMC students experience a holistic culture of caring while mastering the art and science of health care. They gain the skills and experience needed to become outstanding contributors to society through service-learning experiences, community-based education, and leadership development integrated throughout the curriculum.
"Choosing the right college was a huge decision for me," explains a third-year student. "I'm so glad I came to Nebraska Methodist College. I'm a better person and I'll be a better health care professional thanks to the people, programs, and culture here. The teachers really care about me, and they're teaching me how to care for others."


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Better stakeholder engagement and an increased number of inspectors are among key amendments backed for next Gas Safe Register contract that is currently being tendered
A tender to appoint a new five year contract to manage the Gas Safe Register scheme, which is currently managed by Capita, is now underway with figures from across the industry seeing room for improvement in a number of areas.
An increasing number of inspectors and improved awareness of the overall register scheme, which lists gas engineers registered to work legally in the UK, are among some of the recommendations that stakeholders hope to see.
Although the broad scope of the contract has already been set out in the tender, some industry figures have also called for better stakeholder engagement in future, along with the potential introduction of stricter controls on how boilers can be purchased.
Among the key changes that are being considered as part of the new contract tender are the introduction of an advisory panel that is made up of the register's membership and industry experts with the aim helping steer future initiatives through the register. This work would be supported through the use of webinars and online voting, according to the tender document.
The possible introduction of mandatory student registration has also been put forward.
Paul Hull, managing director of contractor PRHull, said he hoped that there may be greater accountability of the scheme to the HVAC sector and broader interaction with industry on how the register is managed.
This would include reviewing a current requirement that means concerns over illegal gas supply work can only be reported at present by a homeowner as opposed to a trained installer.
Mr Hull, who is also the co-founder of the Gas Safety Super Heroes campaign that seeks to improve awareness of safety issues involving boilers, said he would also back increasing the number of inspectors managing the register.
Paul Williams, a past president of the Chartered Institute of Plumbing and Heating Engineering (CIPHE) and owner of maintenance and installation group Gwili Renewables, said installers he had spoken to felt that promises made about the previous Gas Safe Register contract have not always been delivered.
He also raised concern about a lack of prosecutions for infringement of Gas Safe requirements, principally in the case of larger companies.
Mr Williams said he was warier of how some of the proposed changes under the new agreement will be implemented, particularly the proposed changes around introducing mandatory student registration put forward under the new five-year contract. One specific concern being whether the requirements will apply to full-time students alone, or via other training being offered too.
Mr Williams added that the Gas Safe Register team faced a significant learning curve when Capita took over the contract, yet he welcomed the team's presence at major conferences in recent years and their general level of engagement with industry.
He applauded some of the recent consumer campaigns focused on safety that the group had been running and hoped to see an expansion of this work going forward with whoever takes up the functions.
The full feature can be read on page 26 and page 27 of the March issue of H&V News. A digital edition is available here.
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Broncos' bests/worsts vs. Ravens: Brandon McManus and C.J. Anderson
The best and worst from the Broncos' 19-13 win over Baltimore in their regular-season opener on Sunday…
Brandon McManus is known for his power, but even he had to be pleasantly surprised to launch 57- and 56-yard field goals in the first quarter.
With his second make, McManus became the second player in NFL history (Greg Zuerlein, St. Louis in 2012) with multiple 56 yards-plus field goals in the same game. He also became the first Broncos kicker since 2011 to make multiple 50 yard-plus field goals in a game.
McManus changed his kicking technique in the offseason to improve his consistency. He also added 43- and 33-yarders in the second half, but those were child's play.
Starter C.J. Anderson was a non-factor Sunday, rushing for 29 yards on 12 carries. Ronnie Hillman came on strong late, adding 41 yards on 12 carries, most on the Broncos' final drive of the game. The Ravens haven't allowed an 100-yard rusher in 27 games, but with all-pro guards Louis Vasquez and Evan Mathis anchoring the running game, you would have thought Denver could average better than 2.8 yards per carry. During the offseason, Anderson said his role would be to take pressure off Peyton Manning. It's clear there's much to be worked out in the Broncos' new zone-blocking scheme.
–Cameron Wolfe
Offense: D
The Gary Kubiak offense was more of a Peyton Manning offense as the veteran quarterback took 44 of 65 snaps in the shotgun. The result? Hardly Manning-like: 24 of 40 attempts for 175 yards, zero touchdowns, and a pick-six to Jimmy Smith in the third quarter. He nearly had two other passes intercepted, was sacked four times and the offense racked up five penalties for a loss of 34 yards. The run game struggled against Baltimore's defense until a late burst in the second half, finishing with 69 yards on 25 carries.
Defense: A+
Wade Phillips' swarming 3-4 defense was in full effect. The team collected two sacks, but constant pressure, nine quarterback hits and a couple tipped passes could have led to many more. Inside linebackers Brandon Marshall and Danny Trevathan proved they're back to health, combining for 16 of the team's 51 total tackles. Aqib Talib scored the go-ahead 51-yard pick-six late in the third, and Darian Stewart's interception sealed the win in the waning seconds.
Special Teams: A+
Emmanuel Sanders made his debut as the Broncos' punt returner and averaged 6.7 yards on three returns. But the spotlight quickly turned to Brandon McManus. The Broncos' kicker booted 57-, 56-, 43- and 33-yard field goals to become the second player in NFL history with multiple 56-yard plus FGs in the same game.
Coaching: B
This was hardly how the offensive-minded Kubiak envisioned his first game back on the Broncos' sideline: A lot of shotgun, not much from the run game, four sacks allowed. But the Broncos' defense brought back memories of The Orange Crush and a win against Baltimore is no small feat.
Game balls
Brandon McManus
The Broncos' kicker quashed any doubt as to why he was chosen as their starter this year over Connor Barth, booting four field goals, including a 57 and 56-yarder.
Aqib Talib
His pick-six in the third gave the Broncos the go-ahead score and gave him his seventh interception returned for a touchdown since 2009, the most in the NFL during that span.
–Nicki Jhabvala


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Sunday, September 22, 2013
le rose de versailles
rose of versailles ( ベルサイユのばら ) is a shōjo manga created by riyoko ikeda; it also makes the best stickers for the app LINE - an alternative cross-platform mobile messaging app to whataspp. for a drama queen like me, a manga sticker with over the top expression makes my day. anyway, the manga's been adapted into takarazuka revue musicals, as well as anime television series. here's the story : oscar françois de jarjayes, a girl raised as a man to become her father's successor as leader of the palace guards, was torn between her double identity. drama! her relationships with marie antoinette & count axel von fersen were also full of ... drama. & the real show stopper was the love story between oscar & her best friend andré grandier. andré ( the grandson of the nanny of oscar ) & oscar learned fencing & horsemanship growing up together. he had a huge crush on her & their class difference was not helping. one day he finally manned up & told her about how much love he had for her when they started helping the insurgents at the dawn of the french revolution, but oscar was like, no. this champ never gave up though, he even lost his eye sight from saving oscar from some melodramatic danger the other day. then came the gut wrenching turn - andré was hit from a stray bullet & died the day after oscar finally changed her mind & accepted his love & loyalty ... sadness aside, the gif above simply sums up how hilariously epic this dra-manga can be & below you shall see all the purdiness from the story
Posted by we could grow up 2gether at 12:00 AM
4 comments :
- ai said...
I LOVED this manga as a kid, and I still friggin' do!
- Perpetua Ip said...
rose of versailles!! Oscar!! André!!! Drama!!!
- Perpetua Ip said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- michael said...
Circumstances are difficult. Try not to abandon life's little joys. Every single week this sommelier and wine lover will survey a $10 (or less expensive) jug of wine, blending it with sustenance and cheddar and give you his fair-minded conclusion, and bunches of data on the wine, the grape assortment, and the winery. You might discover a deal or spare your well deserved cash. Get your wine rack prepared.
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Linguistics is archaeology's cousin
Submitted by Sammy Smith (firstname.lastname@example.com)
Archaeology, in North America, is one of four sub-fields of anthropology. Anthropology is the study of humans and their cultural behavior from a holistic perspective. Archaeology is a sub-field of anthropology because it focuses on past human cultures. Archaeologists study material remains, that is sites and artifacts, that people have left behind. Sites are places that show evidence of human activity, revealed through artifacts and features. Artifacts are any object made, modified, or used by humans. Most recorded archaeological sites are places where people have lived, but they don't have to be.
The three other sub-fields of anthropology are: cultural anthropology, linguistics, and physical anthropology. Cultural anthropologists study living peoples. Physical (or biological) anthropologists are concerned with the development of the human species, including other primates, both living and fossil species and their behavior, adaptation, and evolution.
But what about linguistics? What is it?
Linguistics is the study of language, including meaning and structure. Meanings vary among languages. For example, in English, there are the words here and there. In Spanish, there are actually three words for these concepts, including one that conveys a distance intermediate between what here and there mean in English. Thus, here/there has somewhat different conceptionalization to speakers of these two languages.
Structure is how the words and phrases of a language are assembled. For example, in English, we commonly use a noun-verb pattern in sentences (e.g., she walks to school). In Latin, German, and some other languages, the verb is more likely to be at the end of a sentence (e.g., she to school walks).
Still, why is linguistics a sub-field of anthropology?
Fundamentally, despite considerable specialization, anthropologists are interested in culture and cultural variation. Language is central to culture. Culture, after all, is the learned beliefs and behaviors shared, and passed on, by the members of a society.
Cultural anthropologist Roy A. Rappaport, in his book Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity (1999; page 414) notes:
Flexibility is central to adaptive processes, and the enormous flexibility of the human species rests, of course, largely upon a property universal to and unique to humanity, namely language. Whereas the capacity for language must have a genetic basis, there seems to be no genetic specification for any particular language nor what can be said in any language. Their possession of language not only permits but requires human groups to stipulate linguistically the rules and most of the understandings in accordance with which they live. The rules and understandings of human groups are not genetically but only conventionally specified, and can thus be modified or even changed relatively quickly and easily, even overnight. Language has thus conferred upon humanity the ability to devise a great range of organizations and practices and to process, conserve, and transmit enormous quantities of information. These gifts have made it possible for the species to invade and dominate virtually all of the worlds regions.
In essence, Rappaport argues that humans as a species endure in part because of the tremendous advantages conferred by the ability to communicate with other people through speech. One of the most important things, he says, that we use speech for, is managing and transmitting information. This extends the capabilities of each individual by enabling them to readily obtain wisdom and basic data from others.
Do you think linguistics should be a sub-field of anthropology? Do you agree with Rappaport that language is extremely significant to how our species functions? Just how is language preserved in archaeological contexts?


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Wear your favorite tights with this cutout bootie crafted from high-quality leather, built on an everyday heel. Korkease Full-grain leather Leather lining Cushioned leather footbed Rubber outsole Back zipper Steel shank
This well-built bootie has a stacked heel, laid-on leather welt and refined toe shape. Look closely and you'll see this Italian leather was hand-finished to have a beautiful dimension! Kork-Ease Cushioned leather footbed Inside zipper Heel Height: 2 inches Runs large
The beauty is in the details. RYDER is crafted with the softest leather delicately cut in curved lines. The result is a refined little ankle bootie unlike any out there. Please note that the Ryder boot in Rum will vary slightly in color from pair shown. Kork Ease Suede or...


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Balancing the Book Budget June 2014
The RULES
- I can purchase up to $450 that I got in GC from Christmas/Birthday.
and $150 actual Book BudgetI have decided that I will spend zero dollars of my own money this year.
- I can purchase up to $102.95 in books from Amazon w/the Publisher Settlement
- I can use my audible credits (2 a month). If I buy extra credits or if I use "Add Professional Narration" that comes out of my budget
- I will track my review requests this year too
ANNOUNCEMENT: I have decided to use $200 of my Book Budget for my Home Improvements so that leaves me 34.02 for the rest of the year. This is actually a good thing because next year I am planning on only reading books off my shelf, review audiobooks, or library books. This will be good training!
Budget left after left May:$234.02 – $200.00 (Home Improvements)= $34.02
Books Purchased/Dollar Amounts:
- Worth the Risk (Entangled Indulgence) by Robin Bielman (Freebie)
- The Apple Orchard: Bella Vista Chronicles Book 1 by Susan Wiggs ($3.24)
- A Demon And His Witch (Welcome To Hell Book 1) by Eve Langlais (Freebie)
Total Spent: $3.24
Audiobook Credits used: I have 6 credits
- The Color of Hope: The Color of Heaven Series, Book 3 by Julianne MacLean (Won)
- The Color of Heaven by Julianne MacLean ($1.99)
Total Spent: $2.15
Review Books Requested:I canceled my NetGalley account (5 years but it was making book blogging a job) and kept my Edelweiss only to submit review to publishers (since you can do that for books you don't get for review there):
- None
Discover a New Love Credits (6): Can use until they are gone
- None
Audiobooks for Review (15):
- The Book of Life by Deborah Harkness, read by Jennifer Ikeda (Penguin)
- When Day Breaks by Maya Banks, read by Adam Paul (Penguin)
- Top Secret Twenty-One by Janet Evanovich, read by Lorelei King (Random House)
- For All Time by Jude Deveraux, read by Kirsten Potter (Random House)
- Shattered: The Iron Druid Chronicles by Kevin Hearne, read by Luke Daniels (Random House): LISTENED
- Rogues—Anthology edited by George R.R. Martin and Gardner Dozois, read by an ensemble cast (Random House)
- Accidentally Catty: Book 5 in the Accidentally Paranormal series | By Dakota Cassidy | Read by Meredith Mitchell (Tantor): Currently Listening
- Accidentally Dead, Again: Book 6 in the Accidentally Paranormal series | By Dakota Cassidy | Read by Meredith Mitchell (Tantor)
- Vixen in Velvet: Book 3 in the Dressmakers series | By Loretta Chase | Read by Kate Reading (Tantor)
- A Vision in Velvet | Author(s): Juliet Blackwell |Read by: Xe Sands (Tantor)
- Some Enchanted Eclair | Author(s): Bailey Cates | Read by: Amy Rubinate (Tantor)
- Then Came You | Author(s): Jill Shalvis | Read by: Karen White (Tantor)
- FACEOFF – By Lee Child; Michael Connelly; Dennis Lehane; David Baldacci; RL Stine; Read by Various (Simon & Schuster): LISTENED
- MR. MERCEDES – By Stephen King; Read by Will Patton (Simon & Schuster): My Current Car Listen
- GASP – By Lisa McMann; Read by Joy Osmansk (Simon & Schuster)
Books Won/Gifted (1):
- Must Love Pets: A Romance Box Set (Kindle Edition) by Theresa Weir (Thank You Wendy)
What I shopped off my Shelves (2):
- Gameboard of the Gods (Age of X, #1) by Richelle Mead (Audible)
- Air Bound (Sisters of the Heart, #3) by Christine Feehan (Audible)
What I borrowed from the library/friend (1):
- After I'm Gone by Laura Lippman
I only read 6 books this month! This is by far my worst reading month in YEARS!
Budget left starting next month: $28.63
Total Spent this month: $5.39
Total Spent this year: $324.32
Felicia S
During her non-reading time you can find her hanging with her rescue furr children named after book characters: Lizzie a beautiful cattle dog mix (Pound Pup), Cinder a beautiful Shep/Pitt mix (Pound Pup), and Minerva a beautiful Shep/Pitt mix (Foster Fail). Gathering with friends and family, attending conventions, watching movies/tv shows, rooting for the 49rs, and crocheting.
If you want to follow her DIY, Health, and Life adventures check out Mess to Best
My Google Profile
Latest posts by Felicia S (see all)
- Romance Authors of Color Spotlight: Rebekah Weatherspoon - January 15, 2020
- Narrator Spotlight on Andrea Emmes - January 9, 2020
- Romance Authors of Color Spotlight: @WOCInRomance - January 8, 2020


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Scotiabank Waterfront Marathon
On October 22nd, Black CAP and its team of runners and walkers will join other groups to raise funds for our work in addressing HIV and AIDS in our community, at the Scotiabank Toronto Waterfront Marathon. The funds we raise at the Marathon will support our emergency financial assistance program, the delivery of groups for people living with, or vulnerable to HIV and other practical assistance supports. This year, with your help, we hope to raise $5,000.00. If you are unable to participate in the marathon, you can still make a contribution to Black CAP by clicking on the donation link under our charity.
The deadline for registration to participate in the marathon is September 29th 2017 to get your name printed on your bib Otherwise, registration is open until October 16th 2017. For more information on how to register for the marathon or to make a donation click here. Once you have clicked on the link, Search for Black Coalition for AIDS Prevention.
You will notice that there will be three (3) options listed below the name of Black CAP Charity:
· Register – The full race registration & fundraising registration process through the Race Roster Race Registration system, which will allow you to transfer your information over to the Scotiabank sponsored Artez (FrontStream) fundraising system.
· Fundraise – This ONLY creates a fundraising account. This link is for those that have already registered for the race through Race Roster and decided to support a cause after the fact
· Donate – This allows a donor to make a one-time donation directly to Black CAP's charity
The cost for Registration is as follows:
• Marathon or Half Marathon ($80)
• 5k ($40)
• 5k with Stroller ($50)
Please note that you will be given an official tax receipt once you have registered for the event.
The direct link to BLACK CAP charity's fundraising landing page is here.


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Table of Contents
Spring Overview
What is Spring?
Spring is an open source development framework for Enterprise Java. The core features of the Spring Framework can be used in developing any Java application, but there are extensions for building web applications on top of the Java EE platform. Spring framework targets to make Java EE development easier to use and promote good programming practice by enabling a POJO-based programming model.
What are important features and advantages of Springs?
Some of the features of spring framework are:
- Lightweight and very little overhead of using framework for our development.
- Dependency Injection or Inversion of Control to write components that are independent of each other, spring container takes care of wiring them together to achieve our work.
- Spring IoC container manages Spring Bean life cycle and project specific configurations such as JNDI lookup.
- Spring MVC framework can be used to create web applications as well as restful web services capable of returning XML as well as JSON response.
- Transaction Management, JDBC operations, File uploading, Exception Handling etc with very little configurations, either by using annotations or by spring bean configuration file.
Some of the advantages of using Spring Framework are:
- Reducing direct dependencies between different components of the application, usually Spring IoC container is responsible for initializing resources or beans and inject them as dependencies.
- Writing unit test cases are easy in Spring framework because our business logic doesn't have direct dependencies with actual resource implementation classes. We can easily write a test configuration and inject our mock beans for testing purposes.
- Reduces the amount of boiler-plate code, such as initializing objects, open/close resources. For example JdbcTemplate class helps us in removing all the boiler-plate code that comes with JDBC programming.
- Spring framework is divided into several modules, it helps us in keeping our application lightweight. For example, if we don't need Spring transaction management features, we don't need to add that dependency in our project.
What is Spring IoC Container?
Inversion of Control (IoC) is the mechanism to achieve loose-coupling between Objects dependencies. To achieve loose coupling and dynamic binding of the objects at runtime, the objects define their dependencies that are being injected by other assembler objects. Spring IoC container is the program that injects dependencies into an object and make it ready for our use.
Spring Framework IoC container classes are part of org.springframework.beans and org.springframework.context packages and provides us different ways to decouple the object dependencies.
Some of the useful ApplicationContext implementations that we use are;
- AnnotationConfigApplicationContext: For standalone java applications using annotations based configuration.
- ClassPathXmlApplicationContext: For standalone java applications using XML based configuration.
- FileSystemXmlApplicationContext: Similar to ClassPathXmlApplicationContext except that the xml configuration file can be loaded from anywhere in the file system.
- AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext and XmlWebApplicationContext for web applications.
What are the common implementations of the ApplicationContext?
Below are 3 different implementations of ApplicationContext:
- FileSystemXmlApplicationContext container loads the definitions of the beans from an XML file. The full path of the XML bean configuration file must be provided to the constructor.
- ClassPathXmlApplicationContext container also loads the definitions of the beans from an XML file. Here, you need to set CLASSPATH properly because this container will look bean configuration XML file in CLASSPATH.
- WebXmlApplicationContext: container loads the XML file with definitions of all beans from within a web application.
What is the difference between Bean Factory and ApplicationContext?
In Short: use an ApplicationContext unless you have a really good reason for not doing so. For those of you that are looking for slightly more depth as to the 'but why' of the above recommendation, keep reading.
As the ApplicationContext includes all functionality of the BeanFactory, it is generally recommended that it be used in preference to the BeanFactory, except for a few limited situations such as in an Applet, where memory consumption might be critical and a few extra kilobytes might make a difference.
Find below a feature matrix that lists what features are provided by the BeanFactory and ApplicationContext interfaces
|Bean instantiation/wiring
|Automatic BeanPostProcessor registration
|Automatic BeanFactoryPostProcessor registration
|Convenient MessageSource access (for i18n)
|ApplicationEvent publication
Dependency Injection
What are the types of Dependency Injection supported by Spring?
- Setter Injection : Setter-based DI is realized by calling setter methods on the user's beans after invoking a no-argument constructor or no-argument static factory method to instantiate their bean.
- Constructor Injection : Constructor-based DI is realized by invoking a constructor with a number of arguments, each representing a collaborator.
Which DI would you suggest Constructor-based or setter-based DI?
You can use both Constructor-based and Setter-based Dependency Injection. The best solution is using constructor arguments for mandatory dependencies and setters for optional dependencies.
Spring Beans
What are Spring beans?
The objects that form the backbone of the users application and that are managed by the Spring IoC container are called beans. A bean is an object that is instantiated, assembled, and otherwise managed by a Spring IoC container. These beans are created with the configuration metadata that the users supply to the container.
What are the different bean scopes does Spring support?
The Spring Framework supports following five scopes, three of which are available only if the users use a web-aware Application Context.
- Singleton: This scopes the bean definition to a single instance per Spring IoC container.
- Prototype: This scopes a single bean definition to have any number of object instances.
- Request: This scopes a bean definition to an HTTP request. Only valid in the context of a web-aware Spring ApplicationContext
- Session: This scopes a bean definition to an HTTP session. Only valid in the context of a web-aware Spring ApplicationContext.
- Global-session: This scopes a bean definition to a global HTTP session. Only valid in the context of a web-aware Spring ApplicationContext.
What is Bean lifecycle in Spring framework?
Spring bean lifecycle is managed in below order:
- Instantiate: First the spring container finds the bean's definition from the XML file and loads the bean.
- Populate properties: Using the dependency injection, spring populates all of the properties as specified in the bean definition.
- Set Bean Name: If the bean implements BeanNameAware interface, spring passes the bean's id to setBeanName() method.
- Set Bean factory: If Bean implements BeanFactoryAware interface, spring passes the beanfactory to setBeanFactory() method.
- Pre Initialization: Also called post process of bean. If there are any bean BeanPostProcessors associated with the bean, Spring calls postProcesserBeforeInitialization() method.
- Initialize beans: If the bean implements IntializingBean,its afterPropertySet() method is called. If the bean has init method declaration, the specified initialization method is called.
- Post Initialization: – If there are any BeanPostProcessors associated with the bean, their postProcessAfterInitialization() methods will be called.
- Ready to use: Now the bean is ready to use by the application
- Destroy: If the bean implements DisposableBean , it will call the destroy() method
What are different ways to configure a class as Spring Bean?
There are three different ways to configure Spring Bean.
- XML Configuration: This is the most popular configuration and we can use bean element in context file to configure a Spring Bean. For example:
<bean name="myBean" class="com.learningsolo.spring.beans.MyBean"/>
- Java Based Configuration: If you are using only annotations, you can configure a Spring bean using @Bean annotation. This annotation is used with @Configuration classes to configure a spring bean. Sample configuration is:
public class MyConfiguration {
public MyService getService(){
return new MyService();
To get this above bean from spring context, we need to use following code snippet:
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfiguration.class);
MyService service = ctx.getBean(MyService.class);
3. Annotation Based Configuration: We can also use @Component, @Service, @Repository and @Controller annotations with classes to configure them to be as spring bean. For these, we would need to provide base package location to scan for these classes. For example:
<context:component-scan base-package="com.learningsolo.spring*" />
Are Singleton beans thread safe in Spring Framework?
No Singleton bean in Spring is not Thread Safe. The two concepts are not even related.
Singletons are about creation. This design pattern ensures that only one instance of a class is created at any point of time. Spring just manage the life cycle of singleton bean and maintains single instance of object.
Thread safety is about execution. Eventually thread safety depends on the code and the code only. And this is the reason why Spring beans are not thread safe.
What are inner beans in Spring?
When a bean is only used as a property of another bean it can be declared as an inner bean. Spring's XML-based configuration metadata provides the use of <bean/> element inside the <property/> or <constructor-arg/> elements of a bean definition, in order to define the so-called inner bean. Inner beans are always anonymous and they are always scoped as prototypes.
How to inject a Java Collection in Spring?
Spring offers the following types of collection configuration elements:
- The <list> type is used for injecting a list of values, in the case that duplicates are allowed.
- The <set> type is used for wiring a set of values but without any duplicates.
- The <map> type is used to inject a collection of name-value pairs where name and value can be of any type.
- The <props> type can be used to inject a collection of name-value pairs where the name and value are both Strings.
Explain different modes of auto wiring?
The autowiring functionality has five modes which can be used to instruct Spring container to use autowiring for dependency injection:
- no: This is default setting. Explicit bean reference should be used for wiring.
- byName: When autowiring byName, the Spring container looks at the properties of the beans on which autowire attribute is set to byName in the XML configuration file. It then tries to match and wire its properties with the beans defined by the same names in the configuration file.
- byType: When autowiring by datatype, the Spring container looks at the properties of the beans on which autowire attribute is set to byType in the XML configuration file. It then tries to match and wire a property if its type matches with exactly one of the beans name in configuration file. If more than one such beans exist, a fatal exception is thrown.
- constructor: This mode is similar to byType, but type applies to constructor arguments. If there is not exactly one bean of the constructor argument type in the container, a fatal error is raised.
- autodetect: Spring first tries to wire using autowire by constructor, if it does not work, Spring tries to autowire by byType.
What are the limitations with autowiring?
Limitations of autowiring are:
- Overriding: You can still specify dependencies using <constructor-arg> and <property> settings which will always override autowiring.
- Primitive data types: You cannot autowire simple properties such as primitives, Strings, and Classes.
- Confusing nature: Autowiring is less exact than explicit wiring, so if possible prefer using explicit wiring.
Is it possible to inject null and empty string values in Spring?
Yes, you can.
How to get ServletContext and ServletConfig object in a Spring Bean?
There are two ways to get Container specific objects in the spring bean.
- Implementing Spring *Aware interfaces, for these ServletContextAware and ServletConfigAware interfaces.
- Using @Autowired annotation with bean variable of type ServletContext and ServletConfig. They will work only in servlet container specific environment only through.
ServletContext servletContext;
Spring Annotations
What is Spring Java-Based Configuration? Give some annotation example.
Java based configuration option enables you to write most of your Spring configuration without XML but with the help of few Java-based annotations.
An example is @Configuration annotation, that indicates that the class can be used by the Spring IoC container as a source of bean definitions. Another example is the@Bean annotated method that will return an object that should be registered as a bean in the Spring application context.
What is Annotation-based container configuration?
An alternative to XML setups is provided by annotation-based configuration which relies on the bytecode metadata for wiring up components instead of angle-bracket (<>) declarations. Instead of using XML to describe a bean wiring, the developer moves the configuration into the component class itself by using annotations on the relevant class, method, or field declaration.
How do you turn on annotation wiring?
Annotation wiring is not turned on in the Spring container by default. In order to use annotation based wiring we must enable it in our Spring configuration file by configuring <context:annotation-config/> element.
Whats is the purpose of @Required, @Autowaired & @Qualifier annotations ?
- @Required : This annotation simply indicates that the affected bean property must be populated at configuration time, through an explicit property value in a bean definition or through autowiring. The container throws BeanInitializationException if the affected bean property has not been populated.
- @Autowired : annotation provides more fine-grained control over where and how autowiring should be accomplished. It can be used to autowire bean on the setter method just like @Required annotation, on the constructor, on a property.
- @Qualifier : When there are more than one beans of the same type and only one is needed to be wired with a property, the @Qualifierannotation is used along with @Autowired annotation to remove the confusion by specifying which exact bean will be wired.
What's the difference between @Component, @Controller, @Repository & @Service annotations in Spring?
- @Component is used to indicate that a class is a component. These classes are used for auto detection and configured as bean, when annotation based configurations are used.
- @Controller is a specific type of component, used in MVC applications and mostly used with RequestMapping annotation.
- @Repository annotation is used to indicate that a component is used as repository and a mechanism to store/retrieve/search data. We can apply this annotation with DAO pattern implementation classes.
- @Service is used to indicate that a class is a Service. Usually the business facade classes that provide some services are annotated with this.
Spring Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP)
What is AOP?
Aspect-oriented programming, or AOP, is a programming technique that allows programmers to modularize crosscutting concerns, or behavior that cuts across the typical divisions of responsibility, such as logging and transaction management.
Whats is Aspect?
The core construct of AOP is the aspect, which encapsulates behaviors affecting multiple classes into reusable modules. It is a module which has a set of APIs providing cross-cutting requirements. For example, a logging module would be called AOP aspect for logging. An application can have any number of aspects depending on the requirement. In Spring AOP, aspects are implemented using regular classes annotated with the @Aspect annotation (@AspectJ style).
What do you understand by Aspect Oriented Programming?
Enterprise applications have some common cross-cutting concerns that is applicable for different types of Objects and application modules, such as logging, transaction management, data validation, authentication etc. In Object Oriented Programming, modularity of application is achieved by Classes whereas in AOP application modularity is achieved by Aspects and they are configured to cut across different classes methods.
AOP takes out the direct dependency of cross-cutting tasks from classes that is not possible in normal object oriented programming. For example, we can have a separate class for logging but again the classes will have to call these methods for logging the data.
What is Aspect, Advice, Pointcut, JointPoint and Advice Arguments in AOP?
- Aspect: Aspect is a class that implements cross-cutting concerns, such as transaction management. Aspects can be a normal class configured in Spring Bean configuration file or we can use Spring AspectJ support to declare a class as Aspect using @Aspect annotation.
- Advice: Advice is the action taken for a particular join point. In terms of programming, they are methods that gets executed when a specific join point with matching pointcut is reached in the application. You can think of Advice as Spring interceptors or Servlet Filters.
- Pointcut: Pointcut are regular expressions that is matched with join points to determine whether advice needs to be executed or not. Spring framework uses the AspectJ pointcut expression language for determining the join points where advice methods will be applied.
- Join Point: A join point is the specific point in the application such as method execution, exception handling, changing object variable values etc. In Spring AOP a join points is always the execution of a method.
- Advice Arguments: We can pass arguments in the advice methods. We can use args() expression in the pointcut to be applied to any method that matches the argument pattern. If we use this, then we need to use the same name in the advice method from where argument type is determined.
What is the difference between Spring AOP and AspectJ AOP?
AspectJ is the industry-standard implementation for Aspect Oriented Programming whereas Spring implements AOP for some cases. Main differences between Spring AOP and AspectJ are:
- Spring AOP is simpler to use than AspectJ because we don't need to worry about the weaving process.
- Spring AOP supports AspectJ annotations, so if you are familiar with AspectJ then working with Spring AOP is easier.
- Spring AOP supports only proxy-based AOP, so it can be applied only to method execution join points. AspectJ support all kinds of pointcuts.
- One of the shortcoming of Spring AOP is that it can be applied only to the beans created through Spring Context.
What is Advice?
The advice is the actual action that will be taken either before or after the method execution. This is actual piece of code that is invoked during the program execution by the Spring AOP framework.
Spring aspects works with five kinds of advice:
- before: Run advice before the a method execution.
- after: Run advice after the a method execution regardless of its outcome.
- after-returning: Run advice after the a method execution only if method completes successfully.
- after-throwing: Run advice after the a method execution only if method exits by throwing an exception.
- around: Run advice before and after the advised method is invoked.
What is Weaving? What are the different points where weaving can be applied?
Weaving is the process of linking aspects with other application types or objects to create an advised object.Weaving can be done at compile time, at load time, or at runtime.
Spring Model View Controller (MVC)
What is Spring MVC framework?
Spring comes with a full-featured MVC framework for building web applications. Although Spring can easily be integrated with other MVC frameworks, such as Struts, Spring's MVC framework uses IoC to provide a clean separation of controller logic from business objects. It also allows to declaratively bind request parameters to business objects.
What is a Controller in Spring MVC?
Just like MVC design pattern, Controller is the class that takes care of all the client requests and send them to the configured resources to handle it. In Spring MVC, org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet is the front controller class that initializes the context based on the spring beans configurations. A Controller class is responsible to handle different kind of client requests based on the request mappings. We can create a controller class by using @Controller annotation. Usually it's used with @RequestMapping annotation to define handler methods for specific URI mapping.
What's the difference between @Component, @Controller, @Repository & @Service annotations in Spring?
- @Component is used to indicate that a class is a component. These classes are used for auto detection and configured as bean, when annotation based configurations are used.
- @Controller is a specific type of component, used in MVC applications and mostly used with RequestMapping annotation.
- @Repository annotation is used to indicate that a component is used as repository and a mechanism to store/retrieve/search data. We can apply this annotation with DAO pattern implementation classes.
- @Service is used to indicate that a class is a Service. Usually the business facade classes that provide some services are annotated with this.
What is DispatcherServlet and ContextLoaderListener?
DispatcherServlet is the front controller in the Spring MVC application and it loads the spring bean configuration file and initialize all the beans that are configured. If annotations are enabled, it also scans the packages and configure any bean annotated with @Component, @Controller, @Repository or @Service annotations.
ContextLoaderListener is the listener to start up and shut down Spring's root WebApplicationContext. It's important functions are to tie up the lifecycle of ApplicationContext to the lifecycle of the ServletContext and to automate the creation of ApplicationContext. We can use it to define shared beans that can be used across different spring contexts.
What is ViewResolver in Spring?
ViewResolver are used to resolve the view pages by name. Usually we configure it in the spring bean configuration file. For example:
<!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
<beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
InternalResourceViewResolver is one of the implementation of ViewResolver interface. prefix defines view pages directory and suffix location through the bean properties. So if a controller handler method returns "home", view resolver will use view page located at /WEB-INF/views/home.jsp.
For a complete example, please read Spring MVC InternalResourceViewResolver example
What is a MultipartResolver and when its used?
MultipartResolver interface is used for uploading files – CommonsMultipartResolver and StandardServletMultipartResolver are two implementations provided by spring framework for file uploading. By default there are no multipart resolvers configured but to use them for uploading files, all we need to define a bean named "multipartResolver" with type as MultipartResolver in spring bean configurations.
Once configured, any multipart request will be resolved by the configured MultipartResolver and pass on a wrapped HttpServletRequest. Then it's used in the controller class to get the file and process it. For a complete example, please read Spring MVC File Upload Example.
How to handle exceptions in Spring MVC Framework?
Spring MVC Framework provides following ways to achieve robust exception handling.
- Controller Based – We can define exception handler methods in our controller classes. All we need is to annotate these methods with @ExceptionHandler annotation.
- Global Exception Handler – Exception Handling is a cross-cutting concern and Spring provides @ControllerAdvice annotation that we can use with any class to define our global exception handler.
- HandlerExceptionResolver implementation – For generic exceptions, most of the times we serve static pages. Spring Framework provides HandlerExceptionResolver interface that we can implement to create global exception handler. The reason behind this additional way to define global exception handler is that Spring framework also provides default implementation classes that we can define in our spring bean configuration file to get spring framework exception handling benefits.
How to create ApplicationContext in a Java Program?
There are following ways to create spring context in a standalone java program.
- AnnotationConfigApplicationContext: If we are using Spring in standalone java applications and using annotations for Configuration, then we can use this to initialize the container and get the bean objects.
- ClassPathXmlApplicationContext: If we have spring bean configuration xml file in standalone application, then we can use this class to load the file and get the container object.
- FileSystemXmlApplicationContext: This is similar to ClassPathXmlApplicationContext except that the xml configuration file can be loaded from anywhere in the file system.
Can we have multiple Spring configuration files?
Yes, For Spring MVC applications, we can define multiple spring context configuration files through contextConfigLocation. This location string can consist of multiple locations separated by any number of commas and spaces. For example;
We can also define multiple root level spring configurations and load it through context-param. For example;
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml /WEB-INF/spring/root-security.xml</param-value>
Another option is to use import element in the context configuration file to import other configurations, for example:
<beans:import resource="spring-jdbc.xml"/>
What is ContextLoaderListener?
ContextLoaderListener is the listener class used to load root context and define spring bean configurations that will be visible to all other contexts. It's configured in web.xml file as:
What are the minimum configurations needed to create Spring MVC application?
For creating a simple Spring MVC application, we would need to do following steps
- Add spring-context and spring-webmvc dependencies in the project.
- Configure DispatcherServlet in the web.xml file to handle requests through spring container.
- Spring bean configuration file to define beans, if using annotations then it has to be configured here. Also we need to configure view resolver for view pages.
- Controller class with request mappings defined to handle the client requests.
How would you relate Spring MVC Framework to MVC architecture?
As the name suggests Spring MVC is built on top of Model-View-Controller architecture. DispatcherServlet is the Front Controller in the Spring MVC application that takes care of all the incoming requests and delegate it to different controller handler methods.
Model can be any Java Bean in the Spring Framework, just like any other MVC framework Spring provides automatic binding of form data to java beans. We can set model beans as attributes to be used in the view pages.
View Pages can be JSP, static HTMLs etc. and view resolvers are responsible for finding the correct view page. Once the view page is identified, control is given back to the DispatcherServlet controller. DispatcherServlet is responsible for rendering the view and returning the final response to the client.
How to achieve localization in Spring MVC applications?
Spring provides excellent support for localization or i18n through resource bundles. Basis steps needed to make our application localized are:
- Creating message resource bundles for different locales, such as messages_en.properties, messages_fr.properties etc.
- Defining messageSource bean in the spring bean configuration file of type ResourceBundleMessageSource or ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource.
- For change of locale support, define localeResolver bean of type CookieLocaleResolver and configure LocaleChangeInterceptor interceptor. Example configuration can be like below:
<beans:bean id="messageSource"
<beans:property name="basename" value="classpath:messages" />
<beans:property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
<beans:bean id="localeResolver"
<beans:property name="defaultLocale" value="en" />
<beans:property name="cookieName" value="myAppLocaleCookie"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="cookieMaxAge" value="3600"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="paramName" value="locale" />
Use spring:message element in the view pages with key names, DispatcherServlet picks the corresponding value and renders the page in corresponding locale and return as response.
What are some of the important Spring annotations that are frequently used?
Some of the Spring annotations that I have used in my project are:
- @Controller – for controller classes in Spring MVC project.
- @RequestMapping – for configuring URI mapping in controller handler methods. This is a very important annotation, so you should go through Spring MVC RequestMapping Annotation Examples
- @ResponseBody – for sending Object as response, usually for sending XML or JSON data as response.
- @PathVariable – for mapping dynamic values from the URI to handler method arguments.
- @Autowired – for autowiring dependencies in spring beans.
- @Qualifier – with @Autowired annotation to avoid confusion when multiple instances of bean type is present.
- @Service – for service classes.
- @Scope – for configuring scope of the spring bean.
- @Configuration, @ComponentScan and @Bean – for java based configurations.
Can we send an Custom Object as the response of Controller handler method?
Yes we can, using @ResponseBody annotation. This is how we send JSON or XML based response in restful web services.
How to upload file in Spring MVC Application?
Spring provides built-in support for uploading files through MultipartResolver interface implementations. It's very easy to use and requires only configuration changes to get it working. Obviously we would need to write controller handler method to handle the incoming file and process it.
<beans:bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- Maximum upload file size -->
<beans:property name="maxUploadSize" value="100000" />
Add MultiPartFile in you controller method parameter
@RequestMapping(value = "/uploadFile", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public @ResponseBody
String uploadFileHandler(@RequestParam("name") String name,
@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
<span style="color: #000000;">For a complete example, please read <a href="http://learningsolo.com/spring-mvc-file-upload-example-tutorial/">Spring MVC File Upload Example.</a></span>
How to validate form data in Spring Web MVC Framework?
Spring supports JSR-303 annotation based validations as well as provide Validator interface that we can implement to create our own custom validator. For using JSR-303 based validation, we need to annotate bean variables with the required validations.
What are Spring MVC Interceptor and how to use it?
Spring MVC Interceptors are like Servlet Filters and allow us to intercept client request and process it. We can intercept client request at three places – preHandle, postHandle and afterCompletion.
We can create spring interceptor by implementing HandlerInterceptor interface or by extending abstract class HandlerInterceptorAdapter.
The handler interceptor have to implement the HandlerInterceptor interface, which contains three methods :
- preHandle() – Called before the handler execution, returns a boolean value, "true" : continue the handler execution chain; "false", stop the execution chain and return it.
- postHandle() – Called after the handler execution, allow manipulate the ModelAndView object before render it to view page.
- afterCompletion() – Called after the complete request has finished. Seldom use, cant find any use case.
What is a Spring Application Context? What are some example usages of one?
An ApplicationContext is an interface extending BeanFactory's functionality. In addition to the BeanFactory's methods, ApplicationContext provides the ability to:
- Load file resources by extending the ResourcePatternResolver interface
- Publish events to registered listeners (via the ApplicationEventPublisher interface)
- Resolve messages supporting internationalization (with the MessageSource interface).
It's read-only while the application is running. The easiest way to create an ApplicationContent instance is:
ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("application.xml");
ctx.getResources(String locationPattern);
ctx.getResource(String location);
Also to Access the application context, There are a few methods for obtaining a reference to the application context. You can implement ApplicationContextAware as in the following example:
public class A implements ApplicationContextAware {
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
How do you load and inject properties into a Spring Bean?
Let's say we have a message.properties file that defines a database connection timeout property called connection.timeout. To load this property into a Spring context, we need to define a propertyConfigurer bean:
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.context.support.PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="/WEB-INF/message.properties" />
After that we can use Spring Expression Language to inject properties into other beans:
<bean class="com.learningsolo.spring.ConnectionFactory">
<property name="timeout" value="${connection.timeout}"/>
The same is available in the annotation based configuration, like so:
private int timeout;
What are the different ways to configure a class as Spring Bean?
There are multiple ways to configure Spring Bean: XML configuration, Java based configuration and annotation based configuration.
- XML configuration
<bean id="myBean" class="com.learningsolo.spring.MyBean"/>
- Java Based Configuration
ConfigurableApplicationContext context;
context.getBeanFactory().registerSingleton(name, obj);
- Annotation Based Configuration
A Spring Bean can be configured with the @Bean annotation, which is used together with @Configuration classes.
public class MyConfiguration {
public MyService getService(){
return new MyService();
- Annotations Based : Annotations @Component, @Service, @Repository and @Controller can also be used with classes to configure them as Spring Beans. In this case, the base package location has to be provided to scan for these classes, like so:
<context:component-scan base-package="com.learningsolo.spring" />
Spring Data Access
How can JDBC be used more efficiently in the Spring framework?
When using the Spring JDBC framework the burden of resource management and error handling is reduced. So developers only need to write the statements and queries to get the data to and from the database. JDBC can be used more efficiently with the help of a template class provided by Spring framework.
- JdbcTemplate : JdbcTemplate class provides many convenience methods for doing things such as converting database data into primitives or objects, executing prepared and callable statements, and providing custom database error handling.
- Spring DAO support : The Data Access Object (DAO) support in Spring is aimed at making it easy to work with data access technologies like JDBC, Hibernate or JDO in a consistent way. This allows us to switch between the persistence technologies fairly easily and to code without worrying about catching exceptions that are specific to each technology.
How would you achieve Transaction Management in Spring?
Spring framework provides transaction management support through Declarative Transaction Management as well as programmatic transaction management. Declarative transaction management is most widely used because it's easy to use and works in most of the cases.
We use annotate a method with @Transactional annotation for Declarative transaction management. We need to configure transaction manager for the DataSource in the spring bean configuration file.
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
How to use Tomcat JNDI DataSource in Spring Web Application?
For using servlet container configured JNDI DataSource, we need to configure it in the spring bean configuration file and then inject it to spring beans as dependencies. Then we can use it with JdbcTemplate to perform database operations.
Sample configuration would be:
<beans:bean id="dbDataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
<beans:property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/jdbc/MyLocalDB"/>
What are the benefits of the Spring Framework's transaction management?
The Spring Framework provides a consistent abstraction for transaction management that delivers the following benefits:
- Provides a consistent programming model across different transaction APIs such as JTA, JDBC, Hibernate, JPA, and JDO.
- Supports declarative transaction management.
- Provides a simpler API for programmatic transaction management than a number of complex transaction APIs such as JTA.
- Integrates very well with Spring's various data access abstractions.
Spring resolves the disadvantages of global and local transactions. It enables application developers to use a consistent programming model in any environment. You write your code once, and it can benefit from different transaction management strategies in different environments. The Spring Framework provides both declarative and programmatic transaction management.


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Allee Mead, Web Writer
Allee Mead has been a web writer for the Rural Health Information Hub since 2016.
Allee writes original content for the website, including RHIhub's Models and Innovations and Rural Monitor articles involving technology to improve rural health, community-level approaches to solving health problems, and the innovative people and approaches at work in rural communities with distinct cultures around the country. For Allee, a big piece of this role is identifying gaps in the available information and finding ways to fill them. Being able to highlight the way people in rural areas meet challenges allows her to do that, because even if the solution she's writing about isn't directly replicable, it may spark some new idea or innovation in another community.
Allee received her Bachelor of Arts degree in English and Spanish with a Secondary Education focus and her Master of Arts degree in English from the University of North Dakota. Before working at the RHIhub, Allee wrote for the Dakota Student, the University of North Dakota's student newspaper, and for her hometown newspaper in rural North Dakota. In these positions, Allee's focus was community involvement and Native American cultural stories. She has also worked as a teacher in several capacities at the high school and college levels, as well as a UND Writing Center consultant.
Shedding light on the issues faced in rural areas has shed light on her own childhood. Growing up in a rural
town in North Dakota, much of what she now recognizes as challenges faced by rural communities were simply
way things were, like having to drive an hour and a half for specialty care. That awareness has made her
efforts to fill those information gaps all the more rewarding because she's helping communities like her
Contact Allee at 701.777.0772 or by email at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Ride for Philippines
18 Mar 2014
Charity ride I've done with my guys.
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Charity ride I've done with my guys.
When the typhoon hit the Philippines, people needed help and it was us that can make things change for them. As lifes was dying and I know we had to help out some how! So we did what we can do Ride for Philippines.