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Steven Ashe sent this in:
4 Years of THIS?!
Inter Species Wrestling 4th Year Anniversary.
We are living in the strangest, most unprecedented week in Quebec Wrestling history. We started the week with a beginning that no one saw coming and we will end the week with an ending that no one ever expected to see.
On one hand, tomorrow during the International Wrestling Syndicate show Hardcore Heat, the Green Phantom and PCP Crazy F'N Manny will face each other in a Burning Tables Match, and the loser of the match will be FIRED in every sense of the world.
So at ISW, we are about to experience an ending as one of the Hardcore originals will be banished from the promotion. Meanwhile over at Inter Species Wrestling, Sunday saw a new and completely unexpected beginning during the ISW 4th Year Anniversary as Giant Tiger became the ISW Champion, beating Player Uno in an impromptu match to end the show.
4 Years of THIS?!
Results Quick and Dirty
Most Valuable Zombie Match: Zombiefied beat Michael Von Payton in 6:48.
Quebec Co-Ed Match: Steve beat Addy Star in 4:52 by Submission to Sodomy.
Three Way Dance Alco-Brawl: Sexxxy Eddy beat Viking in 6:26 by Submission to Sodomy.
Fans Bring the Lego Weapons Death Match: Stinky the Homeless Guy beat Flip in 9:43 after two Stink-Bombs into a massive pile of Lego.
Inter Species Wrestling Other Title Match: Moohammad the Terrorist Cow defended his title, beating James Stone in 9:02 after a belt shot.
Impromptu Match: Maximus Primal beat Moostafa in 20 seconds.
Zombie vs. Panda?!: Izzy Deadyet beat El Hijo del Bamboo in 6:53.
Number One Contender Match: Kevin Steen beat Twiggy with a Package Piledriver after 15:04 to become the Number One Contender to the ISW Title.
Inter Species Wrestling Title Match: Player Uno defended his title, beating El Generico in 14:42
Giant Tiger Match: Giant Tiger beat Player Uno to become the Inter Species Wrestling Champion..
4 Years of THIS?!
Detailed Results
Here is how the Inter Species Wrestling 4th Year Anniversary show started for me: I was helping the ISW big-breasted merchandise girl at the gimmick table when the ISW music went off and I realized that I was in completely the wrong place to start the show. I White-Rabbited around the crowd heading for the stage, until I ran up the stairs leading to the stage and banged my head off the metal ceiling of the staircase.
My head was still ringing when Giant Tiger hit the ring to call out Mike Rotch for his match. When Rotchy refused to come out, Giant Tiger threatened Rotchy promising to ruin Inter Species Wrestling. After he left, I introduced our ring announcer and left to find some aspirin.
4 Years of THIS?! began with a match between the world's fastest zombie, Zombiefied and Michael Von Payton. M.V.P. started the match pretending to be Zombiefied's friend, shaking his hand, slapping him and then trying the same trick thirty seconds later. Unfortunately for M.V.P. while Zombiefied may have lost some brain function, he is not a complete idiot and Zombified does have a long memory. While M.V.P. was able to use a series of back-breakers to slow Zombiefied down, it wasn't enough to stop him from going up top to flip his way to victory.
I have been waiting in dread for the sexual harassment paperwork from Addy Star after this match. Steve may be even more sexually aggressive than Sexxxy Eddy. A desperate Addy was forced to deliver more low blows than a Ric Flair "Dirtiest Player of the Game" high-light reel. Disturbingly, after losing the match to Sodomy, Addy did an about-turn and started chasing after Steve.
Before their planned three-way dance started, Viking and Sexxxy Eddy sat in the crowd drinking beer while Beef Wellington got on the mike and denounced ISW management for allowing wrestlers to get drunk before and during a match. Beef said that he had only agreed to do the match because he was paid in advance, but Beef refused to work in such unsafe conditions and quit not just the match but the whole promotion.
One quick historical point: ISW's origins lie in Beef's famous match against A Bear during the IWS Fifth Anniversary show V in June 2004. ISW would not exist without Beef Wellington.
Without Beef Wellington, the three-way dance became an Alco-Brawl between Viking and Sexxxy Eddy. They killed themselves through the crowd with Viking having the edge outside teh ring, but Eddy regaining control every time they got back into the ring. In a move that could basically be described as a raised middle finger to ISW on behalf of his fellow member of the League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Sexxxy Eddy secured his victory against Viking by stealing Steve's Sodomy submission which we had seen just moments before. A furious Viking retaliated by hitting Eddy with a cock-slam after Eddy's submission victory was announced.
Stinky and Flip damn near killed each other in the World's first ever Fans Bring the Lego Death Weapons Match. It was by no means an easy victory for Stinky: he had to overcome Flip's allies bovine overlords, Moostafa and Moohammad. Having done that, Stinky had to recover from a series of Lego-assisted curb stomps. The tide turned when Stinky pulled out a cardboard D-Lo Brown vest covered in Lego and Stinky sealed the deal with two massive Stink Power-Bombs into a huge pile of Lego.
After the match, Stinky tried to shake Flip's hand and his former best friend appeared to want to take Stinky up on the offer, but Moohammad yanked Flip away with his leash.
After the intermission, James Stone tried to win the ISW Other match in a sequel to his match against Moohammad the Terrorist Cow from our Vans/Warped show. In their first match, James went up top and paid the price when Moohammad pushed from off the top head-first into the crowd (and the guard-rails between the crowd and the ring.) In a reprise, James dominated the match but lost when he went up top, only for Moostafa to unexpectedly save his brother by tossing Moohammad the ISW Other belt which James hit head-first.
Moostafa sometimes seems to be living in his own world. He was in a surprisingly good mood on Sunday despite not making this year's roster of Dancing With the Stars having been rejectred for being neither a star nor human. During his brother's match, Moostafa was having his own match with an imaginary opponent leading to an imaginary victory for the ISW Other belt. Flushed with that victory and with having done the right thing for once and saving his brother's belt, Moostafa issued an open challenge… answered by Maximus Primal who destroyed the Dancing Cow in twenty seconds. Maximus Primal then announced that he was gunning for the ISW Other Title which he would win for himself and the fans.
Izzy Deadyet ran his winning streak up to five victories defeating El Hijo del Bamboo by Shining Wizard with That Zombie Move. In a nauseating twist, Izzy kept regaining the advantage in teh match by ripping his own ear off and stuffing it down either the ref's throat or the Puroresu Panda's throat. Fortunately, Izzy contented himself with merely beating Bamboo Jr. rather than also devouring the Panda's brains as Izzy did with Dan Paysan and Pinkie Sanchez during his current reign of terror.
Has Twiggy ever had a bad match in ISW? M.V.P. may have the initials, but Twiggy is Inter-Species Wrestling's Most Valuable Wrestler. Here is why I love Twiggy as a wrestler: There is no way in hell that Twiggy should ever be able to beat Kevin Steen, but Twiggy had the crowd convinced, had himself convinced and almost had Kevin Steen convinced that Twiggy's victory was inevitable.
In one of the many great moments of the match, Steen (who had previously stolen and worn Twiggy's bandanna) tried to put on Twiggy's leather jacket, got trapped with it halfway on. After Steen finally got loose, he gave the jacket an elbow drop and kicked it into the crowd. The closest Twiggy came to pinning Steen came after Twiggy ambushed Steen while he was kicking the leather jacket out of the ring.
The key word is almost. When Steen realized that he was in danger of losing the match, he found that extra gear that makes him one of Canada's best and finished Twiggy off. With the victory secure, Kevin Steen praised Twiggy just long enough for Twiggy to drop his guard, at which point Kevin – like a total dick – stomped Twiggy down.
It seems hard to believe that Player Uno and El Generico have never faced one another in a singles match. Both men are very similar in style and in their appeal to the fans with Generico being faster and Uno having a bit more power. With both men being fan favourites, the crowd simply cheered the good wrestling and there was a lot to celebrate. Uno had the tiniest sliver of an advantage that he exploited to win the match, giving the 8-Bit luchadore successful title defences against Kevin Steen, Twiggy, Hallowicked, Viking, El Generico and M.V.P.
But Uno had no time to celebrate his hard-won victory. Giant Tiger came out of nowhere to whack Uno with his walking stick and waving his open contract at the referee, demanded that a title match start right away. While Uno was woozy from the cane shot, he refused to allow himself to be pinned quickly and easily. Uno rallied to attack Giant Tiger, but before he could pin the Gingerbread Man, Sexxxy Eddy hit the ring and clobbered Uno with the title belt. One no-hands pedigree later and the unthinkable had happened: Giant Tiger had gone from joke to evil genius and ISW champion and the League of Extraordinary Gentlemen have taken control of Inter Species Wrestling.
Eddy and GY attacked Uno after the bell. Stunned by what happened, I foolishly got into the ring, only to be attacked in-turn by Giant Tiger, suffering a mild concussion when either Tiger or Eddy sat on my head still ringing from the whack that I gave myself earlier in the show.
In a not-an-apology phone call this week, Giant Tiger explained to me that he had attacked me, partly because I got in-between him and Uno, and partly because he was worried that I "was about to Jack Tunney the belt away!" Truthfully, I would like nothing better. Sadly, Giant Tiger had a legal contract to wrestle anyone he wanted at any time, for the stakes of his choice and under the rules of his choice. Making matters worse, Uno had a long-standing policy that he would accept any challenge. Under those circumstances, I have no choice but to recognize Giant Tiger as the legal Inter Species Wrestling Champion.
God help us all.
Hardcore Heat Card to date:
For a full breakdown per match, check out My Blog!
IWS Title Match: The Challenger El Generico vs. IWS Champion Beef Wellington
IWS Tag Team Title Match: The Challengers EXesS and Heavy Maxx Fury vs. IWS Champions The Untouchables Dan Paysan and James Stone
IWS Canadian Title Match: The Challenger Sexxxy Eddy vs. IWS Canadian Champion Shayne Hawke
Six Man Scramble Fatal Four-Way Match Urban Miles vs. Mike "Speedball" Bailey vs. Twiggy vs. Jagged
Burning Tables Match Loser Gets FIRED: PCP Crazy F'N Manny vs. The Green Phantom
Canada's Greatest Athlete! Nic Paterson brings Canada's Greatest Athlete to the IWS.
Fred vs. The World WonderFred vs. "A World-Class Opponent"
IWS DVD & Ticket Special
I now have copies of the IWS Tenth Anniversary show X in my office. They are $20, or you can get the DVD and a VIP ticket to Hardcore Heat for $30. You can pay by paypal: firstname.lastname@example.com or contact me at that e-mail address for more details.
International Wrestling Syndicate presents Hardcore Heat on Saturday, August 29th, at the Just For Laughs Museum Studio, 2101 Saint-Laurent, Montreal. Doors open at 8:00PM, Bell rings at 9:00PM. VIP Tickets are $20, Regular Tickets are $15.00. 18+ Card and Times subject to change.
Follow WrestleView.com on Twitter: twitter.com/wrestleview
Send us news/results: click here


text: Nation's first conference center celebrates 45th year By von Rabenau Media Tarrytown House Estate on the Hudson turns 45 this year. To celebrate, the country's first conference center is offering guests a 1964 Getaway Package, which includes an overnight stay, retro-style dinner for two in Cellar 49, two retro beers at Cellar 49's bar, breakfast for two and a CD of classic 1960s music, for $196.40.An aerial view of the Tarrytown House Estate's 26 acresFor more information, visit the Tarrytown House's Web site. 0 comments Labels: news

subset: commoncrawl


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Issue 47, Summer 1969
Silly girls your heads full of boys
There is a last sample of talk on the outer side
Your stand at last lifts to dumb evening
It is reflected in the steep blue sides of the crater
So much water shall wash over these our breaths
Yet shall remain unwashed at the end. The fine
Branches of the fir tree catch at it, ebbing.
Not on our planet is the destiny
That can make you one.


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As a fresh owner of a new MacBook Pro 15″ 2017 model with Touch Bar, I would like to protect this expensive machine with quality covers, cases or notebook backpacks. Because the product line ofRead more
Gig In Switzerland – Day Two – TADEY VLOG S02E02
Creating vlogs is somekind of a meditation. If only I would have all the time in the world to edit all my footages with my camera. Doing regular vlogs is just my wish. Daily maybe?Read more
Gig In Switzerland – Day One – TADEY VLOG S02E01
Making vlogs is just so much fun. The main problem is time, it is always lack of time to edit videos. Now I have managed to do this. I hope I`ll do this regulary fromRead more
Hannover Day 2 and 3 – VLOG #35
As I have promised… here it is. Second and third day in Hannover and also the concert day. Both days were great, but the concert was just amazing. Amazing audience and such a great energyRead more
Hannover Day #1 – VLOG #34
New vlog is here… this time special edition that is coming in more episodes. It is all about our concert and trip to Hannover, Germany (Deutschland). With Perpetuum Jazzile we have a concert in HannoverRead more
New Double Decker Bus to Villach – VLOG #33
Amazing day with two concerts in Villach in Austria. We had a new double decker bus to Villach so the ride was extremly comfortable. In the video check out how our two concerts were, whatRead more
I am back! Showtime! – VLOG #32
Well that is a vlog after a long long time. So much was going on that I couldn't even shoot any vlogs or edit them. Now I am back. This one is about lot ofRead more
Celebrate Good Times – VLOG #31
It was just an ordinary day. NOT! At the end of the day… I was totaly tired! It started as a normal day, but after the live performance at the television at Channel A (KanalRead more
How to make an epic free intro for videos?
Video intro maker! How to start a video? How to make epic intro for my video? For FREE! Where to find great intro for my video? Amazing intro tutorial! This is tutorial how to makeRead more
How to vlog in public? – VLOG #30
How to vlog in public? How not to scared while vlogging? Vligging is fun. How to start filming yourself? Creating a camera slider DIY! Soon! I of course answer to some of these question butRead more


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A recent study found a link between physical activity and enhanced academic performance.
The researchers found that, after a period of physical activity, children scored higher on tests measuring how well they paid attention, suggesting that physical activity increases a child's ability to focus, even in the presence of distractions.
Read the full article: Study Finds Link Between Physical Activity and Enhanced Academic Performance
I think we all know this intuitively - kids who are active are better learners. They need someplace to put all that physical energy if they're going to pay attention in school. What has your experience been?


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D23: Star Tours 2 Announced!
Here's Brian, live from D23.
Since George Lucas took the stage at Celebration 3 in 2005 and announced Star Tours 2 everyone has been speculating what the story is going to be. But the wait is over! Star Tours 2 just got announced for 2011! Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Chairman Jay Rasulo came with the surprise at the end of the show:
"I'm sorry to tell you that as of October 2010, Star Tours will be closing," followed by an invasion of stormtroopers on-stage (with the Imperial March of course. Then the Dark Lord Of The Sith, Darth Vader himself, came on a video link, to bring the Disney crew "back on schedule."
"You didn't let me finish! We're closing Star Tours in order to create a spectacular new adventure. We're going to do things with Star Tours that have never been done in any theme park attraction, at any theme park anywhere," added Rasulo.
The new experience will be in 3-D, an all new ride that includes many of the new worlds and elements from the more recent Star Wars movies. Rasulo introduced a Disney Real-D 3-D clip that threw the Starspeeder 1000 (yes, not 3000, the released promo images showed us a brown/gray tinted Starspeeder 1000) into the thick of the Boonta Eve Podrace. Disney fans in attendance were also given one of three exclusive numbered Star Tours II preview poster, one with the iconic mask of Darth Vader topped with the title, "JOIN ME." The Yoda poster with the title, "THE FORCE IS STRONG IN THIS ONE." The third poster features C-3P0 with the classic line "HERE WE GO AGAIN."
For now, the updates only will only hit California and Florida, with no word on Paris or Tokyo.
Comments 3
whoahhh!! I almost died when the news broke Wow 3d hmm should be interesting? Well the Pod racing idea came through I'm just so happy it's still a starspeeder who seems to be lost! The logo looks Cool!, I ordered the c-3po poster on ebay. Now captain Rex better get his 2nd flight!
RX-24 must come back!
Paul Reuben's Better do the voice of rex again because I will get pissed off if they dont.


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Hall-Of-Famer Bobby Doerr Who Died On Monday November 13 Was the Last Living Major Leaguer Who Played in the 1930s
Shades of 1946- Three stars of the last Red Sox American league championship team of 1946 (L-R) Bobby Doerr, Johnny Pesky and Ted Williams are working together in the Red Sox 1963 training camp in Scottsdale, Arizona to bring the Red Sox back to the position where they will seriously challenge the Yankees again for the pennant. photo: Sporting News April 1963
When Bobby Doerr passed away at the age of 99 this week, he had been the last ballplayer to have played major league baseball in the 1930s. At the age of 19 Doerr debuted in the major leagues on April 20, 1937.
Think about that for a moment. That was over 80 years ago. Doerr played against Lou Gehrig, Mickey Cochrane, Rogers Hornsby, Goose Goslin, Ossie Bluege and Mule Haas.
Doerr was a nine time all-star who had to retire prematurely at the age of 33 due to back problems. As great of a player Doerr was, he was an even better human being.
You get that assessment from the many people in and out of baseball who knew the man.
If you love baseball and have never read David Halberstam's book, The Teammates (Hyperion) 2003, you should. This will give you a sense of Bobby Doerr, the man.. Continue reading


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1. set up the 2nd system from within the 1st win system. I.e., boot into the 1st win 7, and run win 7 setup there. The setup program should create the boot loader menu you need. There will be only one boot loader, residing on the 1st win system's base hard drive.-mwang (September 10, 2009, 06:51 AM)
Try using EasyBCD to create a second boot entry from within the bootable installation. You need to set the path of the second installation to the drive letter recognised by the running system (eg. your running system is on drive C: but the non-booting version appears as drive E: then set the path in EasyBCD to E:\).
Thanks for your ideas I will keep trying until I make it work . Or another ram might also be a solution -czb (September 10, 2009, 01:54 PM)
It would by far be the most comfortable solution - virtual machines (especially with disk snapshots!) are so much easier to maintain than dualbooting, and it's much nicer just booting the VM than having to reboot your system.-f0dder (September 10, 2009, 03:48 PM)
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You've probably been here: Teacher says "open-note" test and you rejoice in anticipation of an easy grade. Until you open your notebook and see … no notes, or really bad ones.
Taking notes is an essential skill – not only for nailing open-note tests, but for processing information you'll later need for class, essays and final exams. Knowing how to take good notes is so, so important, no matter what type of learner you are (visual or auditory), what type of class you're taking (lecture or interactive), or how you prefer to take notes (paper, tablet, or both). The strategies below should help you refine your note-taking habits so you'll nail that open-notebook test, and every single one after that.
How to take notes during class
1. Figure out your note-taking style. Do you like paper and pen? Tablet or iPad? It doesn't really matter the tool you use to take the notes, as long as it works for you. Some students like the idea of using tech, but then get so overwhelmed with the mechanics of it (how to heck to use it) that they end up with sloppy or incomplete notes. Some students prefer taking notes on paper during class, but then get overwhelmed with how to organize the bazillions of papers they end up with. Figuring out what works for you may take some time, but I'd recommend trying both ways before you settle on one. And you might even end up using both methods, depending on the class and other factors. For example, you might use tech for an English or history lecture, but paper and pen for a science class where your notes might include diagrams and pictures.
If you prefer to take notes on your tablet or iPad, there are some excellent note-taking apps out there, many of them free. (Check out Notability, Paper and Note Taker.) Some only allow you to input text, but most let you draw diagrams and other free-form objects. With some apps, you can even "write" your notes with your finger or a stylus instead of using the keyboard.
2. Capture the information. Once you've chosen your tool, you need to capture what your teacher is teaching you, as he or she is teaching it. This can be tricky, as some teachers talk so fast, without pausing to ask class questions, that you have a hard time listening and writing notes simultaneously. In fact, this was one of my biggest problems in college too: I once had a college chemistry teacher who spoke with such a thick accent that it took all I had just to figure out her words, let alone her lesson, let alone take decent notes. Not a good class for me! (And it didn't help that I was emotionally allergic to the sciences, either.) But assuming that your teacher speaks your native language, and assuming that he or she isn't talking a mile-a-minute, capturing the lesson in your notebook or tablet should be fairly simple. Not easy, but simple.
Here are some key strategies for taking notes as you listen to a lecture:
a) Date and title your notes. Sounds obvious but it's important. Don't title notes from Monday's biology class "Biology," because that tells you nothing about what the lesson is. Instead, be as specific as possible. Try something like "Reproductive organs in flowers" or "How genes mutate" or whatever your teacher tells you the class is going to be about. If he or she doesn't state in the beginning of class what the lesson is, then ask!
b) Create your own symbols and abbreviations for words or concepts that your teacher keeps repeating. For example, if you need to write the word "heterogeneous" more than a few times, use an abbreviation such as "HeteroG" or "HetG" instead of spelling out the whole word. Doing this saves so much time!
c) Use a bullet or numbered-bullet format, writing fragments whenever sensible. Bullet points are an awesome time-saving technique, and are a great way to organize key points. Here's how to work a bullet system:
- Start with the largest idea. Let's say the whole lesson is going to be about reproductive organs in flowers. That would be your main title. But under that, your first subtitle might be "Reproductive organs of female flowers." Under that, using bullets, write down all the smaller details about female flower parts – perhaps what they are, how many there are, etc.
- Once your teacher begins talking about the reproductive organs of male flowers, you create a new subtitle, because you've now moved onto a slightly different subject. Keep going in this manner, creating new titles and subtitles as the topic narrows or changes.
- Tip: When in doubt, and you can't figure out whether to continue with one subtitle or create a new subtitle, go ahead and create a new subtitle. It's better to have too many than too few.
- During the capturing phase, you might occasionally miss what your teacher says, either because you didn't hear it or didn't understand it. If you didn't understand something, or didn't hear it, just raise your hand and ask him or her to explain or repeat the point. If that's not possible, put a question mark (?) in your notes to indicate that information is missing. You'll come back to this in the next step, step 3.
- Pay attention to your teacher's cues. If your teacher says something like, "OK, this is really important," or "Now, what this all means is … " or other similar expressions, be sure to star this part of your notes. (As in, literally draw a star in your notebook next to what you're writing down.)
- Leave enough space between bulleted lists, in case you need to add more items later.
d) If you really struggle with note-taking during class, you could always record the lecture using a voice memo app or something similar. (Most teachers should be fine with you doing this – of not, then explain your situation to them, or, um, hide your phone!) You can start and stop the recording whenever you need to – no need to record every minute of the class. Getting an audio recording of the lesson frees up your mind to actually listen to what the teacher is saying, instead of scramble to keep up with note-taking. However, if you're easily distracted, you could find yourself getting even more distracted with this method, as you might falsely think you can zone out and just listen to the recording later. If that sounds like you, then try taking notes and recording your teacher, thinking of the recording as a backup in case you miss something.
3. Review your notes and fill in the gaps. This is such an awesomely important step. I have advised so many students to try this method, and every single one has said it has worked wonders. Try it! No, like, really try it.
Here's what you do: Remember in step 2, when you are capturing information as your teacher talks, you are taking notes as fast as possible, using mostly fragments and bullets. This third step is where you complete the sentences. Later, but definitely on the same day you take the notes, go back into your notebook and fill in any missing information: fill out abbreviated words, complete your sentences, clean up your bullets, make your titles and subtitles more accurate, and figure out what information should replace any question marks. To do this, consult your textbook or Google. If you have a question mark in your notes next to "Flowers that cross breed with other flowers are called … ?" you could totally Google that and get the answer "hybrid."
Referring to the image above, you would type out flwr to flower. You would research to see if there are any more male flower parts you missed during class. Google an image of the flower parts to better visualize the material. Put all definitions in one particular color. Etc.
If you use pen and paper to collect your notes, try typing up your notes at this point, or at least rewriting them to make them cleaner and more organized. (Paper can get messy when you're editing, erasing, and rewriting things.) If you used tech to take your class notes, then you don't have to retype them entirely, but definitely clean them up, edit, and re-read what your wrote. There are multiple benefits to taking this extra step. The first benefit is obvious: you'll have neater notes. The second benefit is that by rewriting your notes, you're actually studying, processing, and learning them. Learning happens when we repeatedly revisit information — that's like a scientific fact. So by typing up your notes, you're already one step closer to committing the information to memory.
If you exclusively used an audio recorder to capture your notes, then now would be the time to transcribe everything to paper. Play the recording while writing or typing up (only) the important material from the recording. If you just used the recording method as a backup, but still took notes during class, then use the recording to "fill in the gaps" on any parts you missed.
4. Organize and store your notes. If you use a spiral bound notebook to take notes during class, typing them up in step 3 means you'll be using loose-leaf paper. So logically, you need a place to store your revised, clean notes. I'd recommend a 3-ring notebook for each class (if you take a ton of notes) or one larger 3-ring notebook where you could store your notes for all your classes, separated by tab dividers. Using a 3-ring binder allows you to reorder your notes, remove notes to make photocopies (you could totally charge your friends $2 a page), and add in relevant class handouts and worksheets.
5. Study! When it's time for your test, you'll be amazed at how much easier the studying process will be. You'll know exactly what to study, you'll know where all the information is, and you'll actually be able to read it. Of course, you still have to put in the hours of studying the information (learn how to study anything, here), but you won't have to waste any time finding what you're looking for. And you might even get to shave a little bit off your study time, because you'll have started the "learning" process back when you typed or rewrote your notes back in step 3.
I hope my strategies for how to take notes help you to feel more organized and more in control of your note-taking system. It's never too late or too early to improve your school habits, so whether you're in seventh grade or college, you can benefit from following my five steps to better notes. And honestly, if there is anything I can explain more, or if you have any questions at all, let me know!


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innovationXchange is DFAT's development innovation hub.
A celebration of Australia delivered in a country or region of strategic significance.
Ensuring Australia continues to build soft power and exercise influence effectively.
To help Australians avoid difficulties overseas, we maintain travel advisories for more than 170 destinations.
The Australian Passport Office and its agents are committed to providing a secure, efficient and responsive passport service for Australia.
Guide to using JAEPA to export and import goods [PDF 678 KB]
Sample JAEPA origin certification document [DOCX 28 KB]
The Japan-Australia Economic Partnership Agreement (JAEPA) delivers substantial benefits for the Australian economy, making it easier to do business with Japan, our second-largest trading partner. JAEPA is the most liberalising bilateral trade agreement that Japan has ever concluded, providing Australian exporters, importers, investors and producers a significant advantage over their international competitors.
JAEPA eliminates or reduces barriers to trade in goods between Japan and Australia. This benefits Australian businesses that seek to export Australian goods to Japan or want to import Japanese goods for sale in Australia or for use as inputs into further manufacturing.
A key impediment to importing and exporting goods is tariffs (customs duties) – taxes imposed by governments on goods arriving from overseas. On full implementation, JAEPA will provide 97 per cent of Australian exports (by 2013 import value) with customs duty-free or preferential tariff access to Japanese markets. This includes rapid reduction of prohibitive tariffs on agricultural products and elimination of tariffs on 99.7 per cent of Australian resources, energy and manufacturing exports on day one of JAEPA's operation.
This step-by-step guide seeks to assist Australian exporters and importers in taking advantage of preferential tariff treatment under JAEPA.
This guide will help you answer the following questions:
Step 1: WHAT goods am I exporting or importing? (tariff classification)
Step 2: HOW are these goods treated under JAEPA? (tariff treatment)
Step 3: WHERE are my goods produced? (rules of origin)
Step 4: CERTIFY the origin of my goods
Top of page
Determining how JAEPA treats a particular good requires correct identification of that good.
In JAEPA, as in all trade agreements and the WTO, goods are identified by reference to an internationally-recognised system known as the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, commonly referred to as the Harmonized System (HS). The HS is a broad classification system of around 5000 six-digit product categories. Typically, countries further sub-divide the six-digit HS product categories into eight-digit or more tariff lines for greater specificity (Australia uses eight-digit tariff codes and Japan uses nine-digit codes).
There are multiple ways to find out the HS code applicable to your product:
If in doubt about the HS classification applicable to your goods, it is a good idea to seek an advance ruling from the appropriate customs administration. Under JAEPA, Australian exporters or producers can directly request an advance ruling from Japan's Customs Service on the tariff classification of the goods intended for export. More information is available at http://www.customs.go.jp/english/c-answer_e/imtsukan/1202_e.htm
Australian and Japanese customs authorities are required to provide written advance rulings on tariff classification, valuation and origin in response to requests by importers, exporters or producers in the either Party. This gives greater certainty to businesses.
Advance rulings can cover the HS classification applicable to your goods, the method the relevant customs authority will use to assess the value of your goods or whether your goods are considered 'originating' for the purposes of JAEPA (see Step 3).
Once you have the tariff code, you can determine how your goods will be treated under JAEPA. Both Japan and Australia have set out their commitments to reduce duty rates on goods in lists, called tariff schedules.
The schedules contain thousands of rows of tariff lines that show in a column the base duty rate on which reductions occur (if required). In a separate column a code is used to indicate the tariff staging category for that product. A further column indicates any specific notes applicable to that tariff line.
You can check how your goods will be treated by either country by reading their tariff schedules, both of which form Annex 1 to the Agreement and can be found here.
If you are exporting to Japan, you will need to check Japan's tariff schedule. Japan's JAEPA tariff schedule can be difficult to navigate and contains a great deal of variation and detail in terms of staging categories relating to the treatment of products (see box on page 4).
To assist Australian exporters, an unofficial 'explanatory' schedule has been prepared, which reflects outcomes at Japan's nine-digit tariff line level. This document is for guidance only; you should rely on Japan's original tariff schedule as the authoritative document.
Under JAEPA, Australia also has access to exclusive Australia-only tariff rate quotas for a range of agriculture products (see page 6 for more information).
JAEPA exempts Australian exports from its automatic global 'snapback' beef safeguard, but does include a discretionary lower tariff rate safeguard measure on fresh and frozen beef (see box on page 6).
If you are importing from Japan, you will need to check Australia's tariff schedule. Australian staging categories range from 'A' – indicating that existing duty free access will be maintained – to 'G', indicating gradual elimination of the base duty rate over 5 equal annual stages, beginning in the fourth year of JAEPA's operation and falling to 0 by year 8.
When reading the tariff schedules, it is important to know the year of JAEPA's operation. JAEPA entered into force on 15 January 2015, making the first year of the Agreement 2015. JAEPA then measures each year of operation from 1 April, thus:
Japan's staging categories can appear complex and detailed. The following is a quick guide to the effects of the different staging categories:
The Australian and Japanese tariff schedules look slightly different, but each schedule contains the following information:
The Japanese schedule also contains a column referencing notes that provide more information about the treatment of those specific goods (column 5).
In the above examples, Australian tariffs on screwdrivers, in staging category B, will be eliminated on entry into force. Tariffs on oil or petrol filters for combustion engines, in staging category C, will be eliminated in three equal annual stages so as to be free of duty by year three of JAEPA's operation.
In the above examples, Japanese tariffs on mineral waters, in category A, will be eliminated on entry into force of JAEPA. Accordingly, no base rate has been specified. Cotton dresses, in category B4, will be reduced from a base rate of 10.9 per cent in five equal annual stages.
Fresh or chilled beef will be reduced (but not eliminated) from a base rate of 38.5 per cent in accordance with the provisions of Note 3. As this product falls in the PS category, this reduction is subject to further review within five years of JAEPA's entry into force. Sausages, in category Q, are subject to a quota, the details of which are set out in note 45.
Under JAEPA, Australian exporters have access to exclusive Australian-only tariff rate quotas (TRQs) on 19 agricultural products. These products are identified by a "Q" or "QS" in the staging category column on the schedule. Some of these agricultural TRQs are administered by Australia, and some are administered by Japan.
Information about how to apply for a certificate of TRQ for these Australian administered TRQs may be found at: www.agriculture.gov.au/japanquotas
Information about how to apply for a certificate of TRQ for these Japan administered TRQs can be found at: www.maff.go.jp/j/kokusai/boueki/triff/t_aus/06/01/h26/h261225/index.html (Japanese only).
In a first, JAEPA exempts Australian beef exports from Japan's automatic global beef "snapback" mechanism, where it has the right to raise tariffs up to 50% if there is a surge in imports. The snapback mechanism remains in place for other beef exporting countries.
JAEPA does include a discretionary Australia-specific agricultural safeguard measure on fresh and frozen beef. Agricultural safeguard measures are generally used to protect domestic industry from sudden surges in imports.
Under the safeguard measures Japan has the right to apply the higher non-preferential tariff rate on beef (currently 38.5%) if import volumes exceed a set trigger level for a given year. The trigger levels for frozen and fresh/chilled beef are treated separately – but both trigger levels are set well above current trade and will grow. The trigger levels are set out in Annex 1 of JAEPA.
If the trigger level is exceeded, and Japan chooses to apply the safeguard, Australian beef exporters will continue to be able to export beef but will no longer benefit from the prevailing reduced tariff rate provided by JAEPA on those beef exports above the trigger level. Any product in transit between Japan choosing to apply the safeguard and its implementation will still receive the reduced rate.
Japanese authorities will notify the Australian Government if they intend to apply the safeguard, after which the Government will notify relevant peak industry bodies as a priority.
JAEPA preferential rules of origin (ROO) are agreed criteria used to ensure that only goods that originate in either Japan or Australia enjoy preferential tariff rates. These criteria are required to prevent transhipment, where goods from a third party are redirected through either Japan or Australia to avoid paying higher tariffs. Any imports into Japan or Australia that do not comply with the ROO set out in Chapter 3 and Annex 2: Product Specific Rules (PSRs) will be subject to the general rate of duty applied in Australia or Japan instead of the preferential tariff rates available under JAEPA.
In general, a good will qualify as 'originating' under JAEPA if it is:
Wholly obtained goods are goods which are exclusively derived from one country. Typically these are agricultural goods and natural resources (90% of Australia's current exports to Japan fall within this category). The table on page 12 sets out the categories of goods which JAEPA treats as wholly obtained.
However, JAEPA also treats goods that are made exclusively from wholly obtained goods (from either Japan or Australia) as being wholly obtained (Art. 3.3(l)).
Goods made from inputs sourced from outside Japan or Australia may still qualify as originating, as long as they have undergone a 'substantial transformation' in Japan or Australia (or both).
PSRs, set out in Annex 2: Product Specific Rules, provide rules by which Japanese and Australian customs will determine whether a good has undergone substantial transformation. If your good contains inputs from outside Australia or Japan, you will need to check the applicable PSR to determine whether your good qualifies as originating.
Most PSRs in JAEPA apply a change in tariff classification (CTC) rule. A CTC rule requires that any non-originating inputs/materials that are incorporated into the final good undergo a specified change in tariff classification (HS code) in Australia or Japan.
For example, pure, unwrought gold (HS 7108) has a different classification to gold jewellery (falling within articles of jewellery in HS 7113). In the process of being incorporated into jewellery, the tariff classification of pure gold changes. This means that jewellery manufactured in Australia or Japan from imported gold would count as 'originating', regardless of the origin of the unwrought gold.
Different products may be subject to different CTC rules. There are three types of CTC rule which could apply:
In JAEPA, Australia and Japan agreed, for simplicity, to consolidate (where possible) the list of PSRs. This means that, where whole groups of products are subject to the same PSR, they are listed as a group only. For instance, all 26 sub-headings in Chapter 10 (Cereals) are subject to a CC rule, so Chapter 10 is listed as only one line in the PSR schedule.
A CTC is not the only way to identify substantial transformations. Some PSRs require a product to have undergone a specific amount of value-add in Japan or Australia, measured by the 'qualifying value content' (QVC) of the good. Some PSRs provide a QVC rule as an alternative to a CTC rule; others require a QVC in addition to a CTC rule.
A QVC approach stipulates that originating materials and processes must represent a specific proportion of the product's final value. More information about calculating QVC is provided on page 12.
Although the term 'Qualifying Value Content' or QVC was used for the official text of JAEPA, the term has the same meaning as 'Regional Value Content' (or RVC), used in other trade agreements Australia has concluded. For the purposes of providing consistency for traders, a QVC requirement under JAEPA is listed as RVC in Australia's domestic legislation and Australian Customs and Border Protection's instructional materials.
Using the tariff classification from step 1, you can check Annex 2: Product Specific Rules.
Using your good's tariff code, identify the relevant entry in the schedule. Recall that some goods will only be listed by chapter or tariff heading, not down to the six-digit sub-heading level. Once you have found the relevant entry, the third column identifies the relevant PSR, for example:
In the above example, non-originating inputs into soya sauce must undergo a change in chapter (change in the first two digits of the HS classification).
Gas-fuelled cooking appliances, on the other hand, must either have all non-originating materials used in production undergo a change in the tariff classification at the four-digit level (change in tariff heading or CTH) or be made with a QVC of at least 40 per cent.
PVC piping must undergo a change in tariff classification at the six-digit level (change in tariff sub-heading or CTSH). The letters in the fourth column refer to specific notes which apply to the PSRs for that product. These notes apply to goods produced through specific processes (such as chemical reactions). More information can be found in the headnotes to Annex 2 or by contacting your customs broker.
There are other important factors to take into account in understanding whether your good qualifies as 'originating'.
Where a good contains a small amount of imported inputs, but those non-originating inputs fail to meet the necessary CTC rule once incorporated in the final good, the product may still be considered originating. If the value of all non-originating materials used in producing the good does not exceed 10 per cent of the customs value of the good, the product will count as originating under this rule. There are exceptions to this rule – for example, for textiles goods the 10 per cent measurement is applied by weight. Further, non-originating materials of goods in HS Chapters 1-24 must also have undergone a CTSH (change at the six-digit level) to be able to apply the 10 per cent rule.
Goods seeking to use this rule must comply with any other applicable requirements of the ROOs. Further information can be found in JAEPA Art. 3.4(3). Box 3 on page 12 provides details on calculating a good's adjusted value.
The rule of accumulation provides that goods which are originating in one country are considered originating in the other for the purposes of JAEPA. Thus, if Australian-originating goods were incorporated into a product made in Japan, that input would be treated as if it originated in Japan.
Fungible goods are those which are identical or interchangeable, because they are of the same kind of commercial quality, possess the same technical and physical characteristics, and, once mixed, cannot be readily distinguished. Examples include natural gas, grain, or simple parts (e.g. rivets). Specific accounting rules apply to exporters wishing to demonstrate that fungible goods are originating under JAEPA. More information is available in Art. 3.10.
Goods will not qualify as 'originating' if they have only undergone a simple process such as packaging, simple assembly or preservation methods. A full list of processes that will not confer origin is available in Art. 3.7.
Materials used in the production of a good, but not physically incorporated in the good, are not counted in determining whether a good is originating. Examples include fuel and energy, tools, moulds, catalysts and solvents. A full list is available by reading Art. 3.11 in conjunction with Art. 3.1.
The origin of accessories, spare parts or tools presented and classified with a good
will not be taken into account to assess whether a good has complied with applicable CTC rule, provided that the quantity and type of accessories are customarily supplied with those finished goods and they are not invoiced separately. The value of accessories, spare parts and tools is taken into account, however, in assessing a good for the purposes of a QVC rule.
For the purposes of the CTC rule, retail packaging materials are not taken into account to determine whether a product incorporates non-originating materials. However, the value of retail packaging materials is considered in assessing the value of a good for the purposes of a QVC rule, where one applies. Further information can be found in JAEPA Art. 3.13. Packing materials for shipping and transport are not considered in determining origin.
JAEPA is designed to reflect modern trading practices, including the use of transport and distribution hubs for consignments of goods. Under JAEPA Art. 3.8, goods that are transhipped through a third-party (e.g. Singapore) will not lose their originating status so long as they do not undergo any operation other than storing, repacking, relabelling, splitting up for transport reasons or any operation necessary to preserve the goods in good condition to be transported on to Japan or Australia.
However, goods shipped through a third-party must remain under customs control, or they will lose their originating status.
Once you have completed the first three steps and determined that your goods will qualify for preferential tariff treatment under JAEPA, you will need to have the appropriate origin documentation to demonstrate this, should you be asked, to the importing customs. There are two ways to do this.
Certificates of Origin (COOs) are one means of demonstrating the originating status of your goods. COOs can be obtained from organisations authorised by the Australian or Japanese Governments.
For Australian exporters, the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ACCI) and the Australian Industry Group (Ai Group) are authorised to issue COOs. Contact details for these organisations can be found on page 15. Charges will apply for a COO from ACCI or Ai Group.
Alternatively, an importer, exporter or producer may choose to complete an Origin Certification Document (OCD). This is often referred to as self-certification.
An OCD may be in any format but must, as a minimum, include information under five different headings ('data elements') to enable customs authorities to assess the goods. These data elements are set out in JAEPA Annex 3 and as an annex to this document. To assist traders, a 'sample' OCD has been agreed by Australia and Japan [DOCX 28 KB].
Both COOs and OCDs remain valid for a year, and apply to a single consignment.
Exporters or producers must maintain all records necessary to demonstrate goods' origin for five years from the date the COO is signed or the OCD is completed. Art. 3.20 provides further detail on record keeping requirements.
A COO may not always be required. For certain goods, Australia and Japan have waived the requirement altogether. Neither country will require a COO or OCD for goods where the total customs value is less than $1000 AUD (for Australia) or ¥100,000 (for Japan).
Customs authorities may need to verify the information contained in a COO or an OCD. The approach for such processes is outlined in Art. 3.21. Verification activities may involve:
Where information is requested, an importer, exporter, producer or authorised body has 45 days to respond. When a visit is requested, an exporter or producer should provide written consent within 30 days from the receipt of notification. Arts. 3.21 and 3.22 provides further information.
If you are unhappy with a decision made by a customs administration at any point in seeking a preferential tariff under JAEPA, you are entitled to appeal that decision in accordance with JAEPA Art. 1.6.
DFAT does not guarantee, and accepts no liability whatsoever arising from or connected to, the accuracy, reliability, currency or completeness of any material in this Guide or any linked Australian Government website. Users of this Guide should exercise their own skill and care with respect to the information and advice in this Guide.
Data elements
Exporter or producer details
The name and address (required), and other contact details (optional), of the exporter or producer.
Certification number
A unique number assigned to each Certificate of Origin issued by the authorised body or other certification bodies of the exporting Party.
Description of good(s) and HS tariff classification number
Description of good(s) including HS tariff classification number (six digits); number and kind of packages; marks and numbers on packages; weight (gross or net weight), quantity (quantity unit) or other measurements (litres, m3, etc.); invoice number(s) and date(s), or sufficient details to identify the consignment.
Applicable origin criterion (WO, PE, or PSR). The rules of origin are contained in Chapter 3 (Rules of Origin) and Annex 2 (Product Specific Rules).
NOTE: In order to be entitled to preferential tariff treatment, each good must meet at least one of the criteria below.
Preference criteria:
WO - The good is wholly obtained in the Party, as provided for in Article 3.3 (Rules of Origin - Wholly Obtained Goods) of this Agreement.
PE - The good is produced entirely in the Party exclusively from originating materials of the Party.
PSR - The good satisfies all applicable requirements of Annex 2 (Product Specific Rules), as a result of processes performed entirely in one or both Parties by one or more producers, and the last process of production of the good, other than the operations provided for in Article 3.7 (Rules of Origin - Non-Qualifying Operations) of this Agreement, was performed in the exporting Party.
Name and address.
Description of good(s) including HS tariff classification number (six digits) (required); number and kind of packages; marks and numbers on packages; weight (gross or net weight), quantity (quantity unit) or other measurements (litres, m3, etc.); invoice number(s) and date(s), or sufficient details to identify the consignment (if known).
Certification, and its date of completion, by the importer, exporter, or producer, that, based on the evidence and records maintained, the goods specified in the origin certification documents meet all the relevant requirements of Chapter 3 (Rules of Origin) and are originating goods for the purposes of the Australia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement.
Name and address of the importer, exporter or producer who has completed the origin certification document.


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December 12, 2019Dan Vallie, National Radio Talent System - "Young talent goes after it and wants it as bad as we did when we were getting in."
The National Radio Talent System helps cultivate the future of our industry by encouraging college students to pursue a career in radio. As you talk with young people, what themes consistently emerge about their interest in radio?
Dan: In many ways, it has not changed from when I got into the business, so the answers include, they love music, they have their favorite radio stations and favorite air talent. Doesn't that sound familiar?
And many today want to pursue sports broadcasting, and some want to do news and talk radio, opportunities that were not there as much as when I started.
Just earlier today I got an email from a student who was in one of the Radio Talent Institutes this past summer and graduated this year. He wanted me to listen to his most recent air check. He got his first job this summer and is working in the promotions department. He is passionate about being on the air and that is his goal, he loves being in the radio station environment, loves the music and in this case its country radio. I am very impressed with his attitude, passion, determination and his early love for the business.
Many broadcasters don't believe it happens today, but young talent goes after it and wants it as bad as we did when we were getting in. Often, they just don't know how to connect with a radio station when they are in the entry level stage, and they slip through the cracks. With the Radio Talent Institutes, we work to keep that from happening. The industry wants and needs young talent and the Radio Talent Institutes we deliver on these college campuses have become that campus to career connection.
Today too, many of the students are naturally attracted to social media and the digital aspects of the industry that didn't exist in the past including podcasting and videography. Some of the same opportunities that exist in other industries, but when they are exposed to, and realize they could do the kind of work they want to do and can do it in this fun industry, many would rather apply their skills to a radio career that some other industry. Not all want to be on the air, but want to find a way to work in the industry.
November 14, 2019John Frost, Goodratings Strategic Services, "What most distinguishes a Christian station from its secular competition during Christmas is what happens between the songs."
We're once again in the midst of the annual extravaganza known as Christmas music. What makes this such an important programming strategy for many stations? John: Broader audience. Love the brevity. For all the positives associated with going Christmas, stations are ...
October 17, 2019Keith Hill, The UnConsultant, "The tighter the library, the more certain you can be of every song."
For decades, radio has proven to be resilient. With the growth of digital/social/mobile platforms during the last 10-15 years, what programming strategies have emerged and helped radio maintain its audio dominance? Keith: Think of radio as the really gigantic fish and ...
September 19, 2019RJ Curtis, Country Radio Seminar: Country Music by Ken Burns: "This film is intoxicating and addictive."
What's your reaction been to the "Country Music" documentary by Ken Burns? RJ: This film is intoxicating and addictive. It's the book I can't put down; an obsession. I'm glued to every word, fascinated by the images on screen, and mesmerized by the artists they recruited ...
September 5, 2019iHeartMedia EVP/Programming Tony Coles: "Our stations know how to mobilize quickly and respond instantly."
iHeartMedia has stations from Miami to the Carolinas. With Hurricane Dorian placing such an unusually large part of the country in harm's way, how are your hurricane preparations different for coastal vs. inland communities? Tony: The overall focus is the same. Provide ...
August 21, 2019RCS Worldwide Pres./CEO Philippe Generali: "Great programmers are not afraid of data ... but this never replaces the creativity."
You have a unique global perspective on radio. Can you highlight the key strengths of radio that transcend language and geography? Philippe: In various countries, radio is measured differently. Electronic measurement (as in the top U.S. markets) is spreading slowly ...
August 8, 2019WRAL (Mix 101.5)/Raleigh PD Michele Williams: "DJ U is a reminder of how much impact a radio station can have and how much excitement we can generate for our listeners."
WRAL (Mix 101.5)/Raleigh, NC is proud to be a live, locally owned station. Can you describe the impact you've seen from DJ U, where your evening talent, Doug Miller, puts a local kid on the air, each Thursday from 7-7:30p? Michele:We have gotten great response from DJ ...
July 25, 2019Coleman Insights' Warren Kurtzman: "We need to unleash the creative capabilities of our people and have them build compelling personality content."
In your research across markets and formats, you've seen firsthand the impact radio has on listeners. As you look at the feedback, what themes consistently emerge? Warren: When it comes to the research we conduct for radio stations, while things have changed dramatically ...
July 11, 2019PromoSuite VP/Sales Rachel Field: "If sales, programming and promotions are all working together towards two common goals - to make money while resonating with the station's brand - summer events can provide a huge boost to radio."
Contesting and on-air giveaways are baked into radio's DNA. Whether it's a $25 gift card or a brand new car, listeners love to win. What makes radio so good at incorporating contesting into the listening experience? Rachel: Radio offers a unique opportunity to integrate ...
June 13, 2019Duncan Stewart, Deloitte: "Why do people think that nobody listens to radio anymore? Because there is a narrative that new media kills old media, so nobody bothers to look at evidence that doesn't fit the narrative."
Deloitte's Technology, Media, and Telecommunications is a global practice that has been publishing its annual Predictions report since 2001. For 2019, the report features important insights on rapid growth industries such as machine learning, 5G as well as ...


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This is a research-backed, evidence-based programme which will support you in both overcoming emetophobia (the fear of being sick and/or of vomit) and learning the skills to thoroughly make the most of your life.
I offer a programme for adults and a separate programme for young people aged 11-18. Please note both programmes are not therapy and do not involve exposure therapy. Instead they are research-based training programmes which help you build the psychological foundations necessary to completely and permanently rewire the way you feel, think, behave and react. The aim of the programme is not to just learn to live with your symptoms, it is to overcome emetophobia and change your life for the better.
Over a course of usually 6-8 weekly sessions, I will support you in building strong psychological foundations. This work is supported by a workbook, written by Rob Kelly who devised the Thrive Programme based on his unique insights gained during twenty five years of clinical experience teaching people with emetophobia to take control of their beliefs, thinking, feelings and imagination. Having this workbook, along-side your weekly sessions with me, really brings the Thrive programme "to life" to maximise your success.


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AesleticismOn the left-hand side of the page is column A.
On the right side is column B.
Column A is a list of authors and composers.
Column B lists various sporting activities that are associated with these artists.
Column A:
Samuel Beckett
Albert Camus
William Faulkner
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Ernest Hemingway
Charles Ives
Arnold Schoenberg
Column B:
Fishing and Hunting
Here's how they match up:
Albert Camus was a serious rugby player.
Of course, we know from his books that Ernest Hemingway was a notorious
fisherman and big-game hunter.
Arnold Schoenberg was an avid tennis player.
Charles Ives played baseball at Yale. He was a left-handed pitcher.
Samuel Beckett was a star cricket player.
F. Scott Fitzgerald played football at Princeton.
William Faulkner was a semi-pro golf instructor at the Country Club in Oxford,
Writer Pat Conroy said 'Athletics is mercilessly fair.'
The same could be said of art.
Art and sport are also complementary.
At its best, art requires a total commitment of emotional and intellectual resources.
While sport demands complete physical and emotional dedication.
Other theories on the relationship between art and sport?


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Well, I'm at it again…
Yet again I'm assembling the dream that's so dear to my heart. One of the parts was relocation and I've taken a step in that direction.
Actually, a whole lot of steps and that direction is northwest.
I awoke on Monday to make my drive. The wind was blowing, the temperature was -21F with the windchill, and there was ice/snow everywhere.
Okay, I'm crazy…and determined.
I knew driving anywhere would be a challenge so I left at 3:30AM.
Good thing I did.
The first 65 miles were ice with snow blowing across the road. I could barely see. The heater in my little car was struggling with the frigid temperatures so the upper half of my windshield remained ice. Finally, the road improved.
Of course, near Billings, Montana I had a nosebleed while wearing my new coat. So, there I was trying to stop the flow, working frantically to save my coat, and drive at the same time. I managed to accomplish all three.
Anyway, Monday afternoon, after 10.5 hours driving, I reached beautiful Missoula, Montana! Yup, I drove over 620 miles to see the city I hoped would be my next home.
One hundred miles from Missoula I entered a broad valley that slowly narrowed. Sixty-five miles from Missoula the road began snaking around mountains with the Clark's Fork River beside it. It was an amazing drive.
I love it here. Absolutely love it.
I'm already breathing better (lower altitude). There's no wind (I still step outside and brace myself for wind that isn't there). There are added bonuses, too. I've discovered that the city is unbelievably flat despite the mountains surrounding it. That's great news for someone who loves to walk and bike (and needs to for her lungs). The other bonus is the people. There's an atmosphere of positivity and energy that's impossible to miss.
So, the next step…?
Well, I found an apartment! It's a small, modest place beside a walking/biking path and within a few minutes of the path along the river/downtown. Tomorrow morning I'm delivering the needed paperwork, which will take a few days to process, but I'm 99% sure it's mine. Too, I found a vet…a "cats only" vet. I'm really excited about that.
Because I was so busy I haven't taken many pictures (business before pleasure) but did manage a brief walk downtown around sunset. We'll see what tomorrow brings.
Thursday I'll make the return drive and will continue packing. The actual move will come in early to mid February.
I have no idea how often people come upon that place that they know in their heart is just right for them, but I know this is that place for me. I'm bursting with excitement at the same time there's the inner peace that comes with gratitude. One half of me wants to jump for joy and the other half wants to sit, smile, and contemplate.
I'll do a little of both.


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We're whimsical by nature. We never let this relationship get boring. We keep it fresh and spicy with new confections at the farmers markets. Don't worry, we will remain steady with our croissants (almond, chocolate, ham & cheese) and heavenly morning buns, but we will do our best to titillate your taste buds with something new.
You are our heart's delight and we love to surprise you. Just when you think you've figured us out, we reveal something new. Stop by and see what we have for you next.


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Karen MacNeil, Author of the Wine Bible
Today our guest is wine and food educator, writer and consultant, Karen MacNeil. Karen is arguably one of the most well known personalities in the wine industry.
Karen has received the prestigious Outstanding Wine and Spirits Professional of the Year ( James Beard Foundation) and the 2005 Wine Educator of the year. Karen is the author of the award-winning book "The Wine Bible". This book has been called the most comprehensive and authoritative book on wine written by an American author
Karen also treated PBS viewers to the Emmy winning TV series "Wine, Food & Friends with Karen MacNeil". Additionally, she and her husband own and operate the winery, Fife Vineyards.
Karen and GrapeRadio share the same philosophy that wine is fun and should be enjoyed by all.
Learn more about Karen MacNeil: www.winefoodandfriends.com
Buy Karen's great book: "The Wine Bible"
Sponsor: The Center for Wine Origins: Click Here to Learn More
Click Below to Play the Show:
(36:50min 17 MB)
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(Ignoring the lecture notes because in this case they weren't helpful)
Algorithm complexity is important in order to get the balance of time efficiency, memory efficiency and simplicity.
Big O Notation, Theta Notation and Omega Notation are all Asymptotic bounds, meaning they deal with very very large inputs (as behaviour may change for low inputs, we concern ourselves solely with behaviour after a random magical point of input size).
Wikipedia Table for the visual amongst us
Where n0 is the point we're judging input as being big enough, T(n) as being the function itself and its actual running time and cg(n) as being our upper bound (i.e. O(cg(n)))
Big O and Big Omega
Big O and Big Omega are complexity classes
- O contains all classes less than it, like O(n2) contains O(n) and O(logn) and O(1)
- i.e. A constant time function will never be worse than n2
- Ω contains all classes greater than it, like Ω(n2) contains Ω(n3) and Ω(n!)
- i.e. A factorial function will never be better than n2
That's where tightness comes in - saying everything is O(n!) and Ω(1) might be true, but it is useless. We want the most exact upper and lower bounds we can find.
Big Theta
Theta is slightly different in that it's a more exact bounding. Θ(n) means that the time will always be better than k(n) and worse than l(n), where k and l are positive constants. (e.g. n2 is worse than 0.1n2 and better than 1000n2).
Most Common Complexities
In approximate order of fastest to slowest
|Constant Bound
|Log n Bound
|Linear Bound
|n Log n Bound
|e.g. n2 or n3 Bound
|n to the power of n
Difference between O(1) and constant time
O(1) says that a function is bounded by a constant, but the individual input times may fluctuate beneath that.
Constant time means that a function runs at the same speed for all inputs.
Constants and Lesser Complexities
We always ignore constants, as xn2 is always less than n3 for n > x. Hence if we pick our n0 as being bigger than x, n2 is significantly less than it.
We also ignore lower powers, for instance in n3 + n2 + n we ignore the n2 and n, as they are significantly smaller such that they have little impact.


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Independent Contractor Status: A Different Perspective
Monday, July 14, 2014 - Filed in: Court Cases
As most businesses are now aware, the choice between using independent contractors and employees to provide direct service is complicated and often done poorly. For years, our courts have defined and redefined the tests used to determine who is, in fact, an independent contractor and who is an employee. The two most recognized and influential decisions are 1671122 Ontario Ltd. v. Sagaz Industries Canada Inc. (SCC) and Wiebe Door Services Ltd. v. Canada (Minister of National Revenue) (FCA). These decisions and those which follow clearly confirm that, notwithstanding the parties' intentions, the essence of the question is whether the person is performing services "as a person in business on his/her own account." Our courts will typically review and consider:
- the level of control exercised by the businesses over the worker's activities;
- whether the worker performs services exclusively or almost exclusively for one business and is "economically dependent";
- whether the worker provides his/her own equipment, expertise and helpers;
- the level of integration between the worker's services and the business;
- the degree of financial risk to the worker; and
- the worker's opportunity for profit.
Essentially, our courts look at the day-to-day control, integration and supervision over the worker's activities and the differences or distinctions between the worker and the persons clearly identified as employees of the business.
One of the obvious reasons why our courts have not been prepared to give paramountcy to the parties' stated intention or subjective belief of the type of contractual relationship they have or want to have is because the classification, as contractor or employee, has other implications with respect to taxation and social policies such as those under the Canada Pension Plan, Workers' Compensation, Labour Relations and Employment Insurance legislation. In this context, an objective reality check makes sense and is an important part of our judicial system, protecting both individuals and our tax base.
That said, for years, employers have also been frustrated by employees who choose to consider themselves as independent contractors and take full advantage of that relationship until it no longer suits their purpose. This usually happens at the time of the termination of the independent contractor's relationship with the business. At that time, the individual has a sudden reversal of opinion that the relationship was never really a true independent contractor relationship but rather was throughout an employment relationship with the concomitant termination benefits afforded to employees.
Recently, however, the Federal Court, in a decision entitled Rennie v. VIH Helicopters Ltd. has, in certain circumstances, changed the question which must be asked and answered. Rather than asking if the person is in fact an employee, the proper question may be instead, is it fair or appropriate to allow a person to assert retroactively that he/she was an employee?
Mr. Rennie was a helicopter maintenance engineer and maintained helicopters owned by VIH Helicopters Ltd. Both Mr. Rennie and VIH Helicopters considered Mr. Rennie to be an independent contractor. Other similar individuals chose to be employees. Mr. Rennie took the position that it was to his advantage not to be an employee. For the purpose of filing his income tax returns Mr. Rennie reported business income and deducted the expenses associated with running his business. In matrimonial proceedings with his former spouse, affidavits were filed which expressly stated that Mr. Rennie was self-employed, which apparently suited his purposes during those proceedings too. Upon termination of his business relationship with VIH Helicopters, however, Mr. Rennie came to the opposite conclusion and stated that he was really an employee. Mr. Rennie sought certain legal remedies available only to employees under the Canada Labour Code.
In its decision, the Court clearly disapproved of Mr. Rennie's duplicity in referring to his relationship with VIH Helicopters as an independent contractor for some purposes, but as an employee for others. The court decided before answering the question of whether Mr. Rennie was or was not an employee at law first whether or not Mr. Rennie was "estopped" from asserting that he was an employee. That is: (1) did Mr. Rennie lead VIH Helicopters to understand that their relationship was not that of an employer and employee? (2) Could he change his position?; and, (3) Did VIH Helicopters alter its legal position to its own detriment as a result?
The court found that there was clear, unequivocal and consistent evidence that Mr. Rennie represented himself to VIH Helicopters and others that he was not an employee. Accordingly, VIH Helicopters was entitled to raise and establish the defence of estoppel and Mr. Rennie was not permitted to argue that he was now an employee.
This decision is important in that it brings back into play the argument that where an individual wants to be an independent contractor and represents him/herself as an independent contractor, the employee should not then be able to avoid the negative consequences of choosing that relationship. Individuals cannot necessarily pick and choose when they want to consider themselves to be independent contractors and when they want to consider themselves to be employees.
This case is not by any means a licence for businesses to arbitrarily elect to treat some people as independent contractors and others as employees. Canada Revenue Agency, the WSIB and the Ministry of Labour will still have very little regard to the stated intentions of the parties where the facts are contrary to that intention. However, where it is clear that an individual clearly desired to be an independent contractor for reasons of self-interest, and then subsequently attempts to change that position for self-interest, it appears as though our courts are prepared to provide some relief.
Note: This is a reprint of an article by Bill Anderson of Blaney McMurtry LLP.


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Students have the option to sign up for a summer meal plan in conjunction with University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Food Services that is operated at the UH Atrium Cafe and UH Einstein Bros. Bagels (off the atrium), from May 26 - August 18, 2019. Meal plan participation is optional for any student residing in university summer housing, or in off-campus or Greek housing. The chosen dollar amount will be deposited onto a separate summer meal plan card, which will be used as a declining balance at the UH Cafeteria. Students are expected to use their entire dollar amount as no refunds will be given for unused dollars at the end of the summer term.
Students will be able to choose from the following amounts:
- $800
- $700
- $600
- $500
- $400
- $300
- $200
Students can add additional dollars to an existing meal plan by contacting Housing through July 1, 2019. Requests to cancel or reduce plans for students remaining in university-operated housing will be considered on a case-by-case basis at the sole discretion of Housing.UH Cafeteria
UH Atrium Cafe is open 7 days/week from 6:30 a.m. to 8 p.m. (M-F) and 6:30 a.m. to 7 p.m. (Sat-Sun and holidays). UH Einstein Bros. Bagels is open 6:30 a.m. to 2 p.m., Monday though Friday only. Students can use their summer meal plan during all hours of operation. The UH Atrium Cafe offers numerous different stations including:
- Deli
- Grill
- Entree (only open until 3 p.m.)
- Innovations
- Pizza
- Salad bar
- Simply To Go
Vegetarian and vegan options are also available daily. Students can cal the menu hotline for details: 216.844.7474.
For students living on campus, summer meal plan charges will go directly onto their SIS summer account, via the housing application. Students living off campus should contact Housing to discuss payment options. All questions about the summer meal plan should be directed to email@example.com or 216.368.3780.
Students will also be able to sign up for CaseCash through the summer housing application. It can be used at all locations that accept CaseCash. Questions about CaseCash should be directed to Auxiliary Services at 216.368.5844. View the following locations where CaseCash can be used.


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We have all had trouble with the clear skin at some point of our life, whether its environmental, hormonal or diet. I am not one to shy away from skin problems. I have a quick guide to how I cleared my skin after changing setting into living as well as an allergic reaction to a medication.
Using A Cleanser That Fits Your Skin Type.
You know what they say everything doesn't work for everybody and they are 100% right. For instance, I have very Oily/Combination skin. My best friend has very dry skin & she can't use the same cleaner I use because it will dry out her face to a point shes flaking like she's a snake shedding for a new layer. I Use Pure African Black Soap. It can be found at your local Beauty Supply Store. When cleansing my face I always use my Spin For Perfect Skin Vanity Planet Spin Brush
Give Your Skin Some Extra TLC
During the week on the days you might need to a paper or you get off work early give your skin so TLC. You can Opt for a DIY or You can use a mask from the store that is geared for your skin's needs.
Exfoliate The Extra Layers Away
On the days you don't use a face mask you should be exfoliating your skin. Exfoliating gets rid of dead skin cells and excess. When Exfoliating you can use 3 things. Scrubs, an Exfoliating Spin Brush or Exfoliating Pad. I personally have used all 3 & I tend to Pull for my Pink Pearl Naturals Coffee Scrub. , To Learn More About Pink Peal Naturals Click Here
Toning Your Skin
Finding the right toner is very crucial to skin care. Toner helps kill bacteria that causes your acne as well as helps bring back the color and Ph Balance into your skin for an even skin complexion. It is best to use a toner while your pores are open so the Toner can do its magic with your pores. I personally love using to toner because I know after is use it my skin 150% clean.
Moisturize, Moisturize, Moisturize
I can not stress enough how important it is to MOISTURIZE YOUR SKIN. Moisturized skin is a major key to healthy glowing skin. Not moisturizing your skin can even be a reason your skin isn't clear. When you're not moisturizing your skin you are not giving your skin the nutrients that it needs, so it over produces your oil glands. I personally love using Coconut Oil & Shea Butter at night so my skin and soak up the nutrients it needs at night & in the morning I like to use any lightweight oil-free moisturizer.
Opt for Healthy Diet & Lifestyle
Switching my diet has changed my skin not just on my face but the skin on the rest of my body. I have switched milk products from instead of drinking whole milk I drink 2% or 1% milk. I have read that whole milk & dairy can be the cause of acne so I personally have cut down on it. I have a lot drink a lot of Lemon Water. Lemon water is not only tasty but it's a natural detoxing drink. To Learn More About How My Diet Has Changed CLICK HERE.
Clean Hands Are A Must
I don't know if I need to explain this but yea CLEAN HANDS ARE A MUST. A number of bacteria and dirt you touch every day could be a MAJOR reason you are breaking out. No matter if it's washing your hands or using hand sanitizer Keeping your hands clean is a serious must.
Spot Treat Your Breakouts
Spot treating breakouts can help target breaks out before they become a full acne spot. I fight the bacteria before it can get to the full disgusting acne that we all. One of my favorite ways to spot treat is using Tea tree oil overnight.


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Mark B. Ganz
Mark Ganz is a member of PGE's Audit Committee and the Compensation and Human Resources Committee.
Ganz is president and CEO of Cambia Health Solutions, a health solutions company. Cambia's growing family of companies ranges from software and mobile applications, health care marketplaces, non-traditional health care delivery models, health insurance, life insurance, pharmacy benefit management, wellness and overall consumer engagement.
He has been with Cambia Health Solutions, Inc. since 1992, holding various positions, including president, chief operating officer, chief legal officer and secretary, and chief compliance officer. He was previously president of Regence BlueCross BlueShield of Oregon.
Ganz also serves on the boards of America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP); Blue Cross Blue Shield Association (BCBSA); Oregon Business Council (also executive committee member); Greater Portland Inc.; University of Portland Board of Regents; Boy Scouts of America-Cascade Pacific Council; Jesuit High School; and The Conversation Project. He earned both his undergraduate and law degrees from Georgetown University.


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The students will showcase their prototypes, learn product development and skills, and get exposure to the world class startup ecosystem in Silicon Valley, Facebook said in a statement.
"At Facebook, we believe the student community has a central role to play in helping build a world class startup ecosystem in India. We are pleased to support the Start-in-college program that cultivates a sense of purpose amongst students and enables them to build meaningful projects from their college campus," said Satyajeet Singh, Platform Partnerships, Facebook India.
SV.CO's startup program, for first-time, is supported by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, the US Embassy in India along with Paytm and Freshworks which are also providing scholarships and mentorship to the students.
Kerala Startup Mission (KSUM) is sponsoring 19 of the students as part of its international programme for startups.
"The Silicon Valley visit is to give the students, a world class global exposure very early in life so that they can be more confident, motivated and get the ability to dream bigger than ever before as they immerse in the startup culture in Silicon Valley" said Sanjay Vijayakumar, Chairman, Startup Village Collective.
"This is just the beginning of our bigger dream. Our aim is to take 300 students in a full flight next year so that more students from across India get an opportunity to become job creators and contribute to the growth of the nation" he added.


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Irish author and physicist Laurie Winkless will be in the gallery to talk to Claire O'Connell about Science and the City, her new popular science book about the remarkable technologies that keep the world's great metropolises moving. She'll be signing copies (we'll have books for sale in our shop) and answering some of your biggest questions about everyday city problems — from why the Luas works take so long to how we can future-proof our cities with yet-to-be-developed technologies.
Science and the City is a window into the hidden science and engineering marvels that are the backbone of our cities. Cities are built using some of the most creative and revolutionary science and engineering ideas in the world, but how often do we stop to think about what makes our cities work? Science and the City is a guidebook to that hidden world, showing how cities in six continents are dealing with the challenges of feeding, housing, powering and connecting more people than ever before. Meet urban pioneers from history, today's experts, and explore the cutting-edge research from labs across the world.
Laurie Winkless is a physicist with an undergraduate degree from Trinity College Dublin, and a master's degree in space science from University College London. Laurie has been communicating science to the public from more than a decade, working with schools and universities, the Royal Society, Forbes, and the Naked Scientists, amongst others. She's given TEDx talks, hung out with astronauts, and appeared in The Times Magazine as a leading light in STEM.


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Valley Central School District
Student Dress Code
The Board of Education requires students to attend school in appropriate dress that meets health and safety standards and does not interfere with the learning process.
The BOE prohibits attire bearing an expression or insignia which is obscene or libelous, which advocates racial or religious prejudice, or which displays and/or encourages the use of drugs, alcohol or tobacco.
Footwear that marks or damages floors, halter tops, tube tops, bare midriffs, revealing sheer clothing, tight shorts, short-shorts, tight high slit skirts, tank tops with thin straps, pajamas/pajama bottoms are not allowed.
Students may not wear hats or bandanas.
Various colored beads and bandanas worn on belts, pants, pockets, as head bands, etc. are expressly forbidden given their association with gang activity.
Chains of any kid, spiked collars, head or wrist sweat bands, and oversized rings are prohibited.
Outerwear (coats) are not to be worn during the school day.
Administrators shall have the authority to require a student to change his/her attire should it be deemed inappropriate or offensive.


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The Law Shop is now closed. Please click here to find out more.
The Law Shop is now closed. Please click here to find out more.
Search our Legal Questions and Answers
Q: My tenant is not paying rent. Only £92 of £750 of December's rent has been paid and no more since. She has housing benefit payments, but has not passed them on. I have asked her for the property back early and she agreed for the end of this month (February) but the council have claimed they cannot help without a Section 21 which, if issued, would state the end of June. What should I do?
A: I would advise you to go through and serve a section 21 notice and section 8 notice based on grounds 1, 8, 10 and 11. It would also be advisable to seek professional advice in respect of repossession and rent recovery.
My neighbour's roof has caused my flat to become flooded. My insurance company have said that I should be claiming against the council who owns the building because my neighbour does not have insurance. I am not sure if the council are to blame. How should I proceed?read more
My property has been repossessed and my deposit has not been paid back to me. I am worried that my agent did not protect my deposit. There is nothing in the contract to say that the agent can take the money I may owe them from the deposit. What should I do?read more
My tenants have handed their keys back today and want a deposit but there is some damage to parts of the property, including graffiti on the garage door inside. What should I do?read more


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I was inspired to organize our Songapalooza after reading about a songwriting game going on in Texas. This challenge requires members to write a song around a given phrase in a short period of time. Journalist Jon Lewis gave our group their first songwriting assignment: "love's simmering" and we had two weeks to come up with a completed song using the phrase.
I worked on one song for ten days and wasn't at all happy with it, but last Monday I unwrapped a bowl my sister gave me and was immediately inspired. I wrote, recorded and rewrote over the next two days and finished "Good Days" this morning.
Good Days
Words and music by Erin Friedman
She bought a bowl because she thought
It would be pretty filled with apricots
Seems like summer's nothing but a winter dream
She tries to be her own best friend
But she knows where it hurts and then
Sometimes that girl can be so mean
On Good Days she sees
Both forest and the trees
On Good Days she believes
The best is yet to be
A poor excuse
But Lord, it's true
Good Days are few
And far between
Her morning prayer's a plea for grace
Wipes the slate of her mistakes
Heals in the spirit of love's simmering song
Then the music fades away
As she stumbles through her day
Shouldering the blame for what went wrong


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February 18, 2013
HOME AGAIN, HOME AGAIN, JIGGITY-JIG: So I drove home from Bentonville, Arkansas in 11 hours, 15 minutes today, courtesy of Hertz and not courtesy of US Air, who not only couldn't honor my ticket today, but who couldn't even promise to get me home by Tuesday. I rented a Mazda 6 — nice car, surefooted and easy to drive — and it wasn't bad. But jeez, airlines really suck today. Perks and first-class upgrades are okay, but the bottom line is, can you rely on them to get you where you're going? Not so much. . . .


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Log In
Discussion about this site, its organization, how it works, and how we can improve it.
The events category is for announcing, planning and discussing events in the region. Community members are encouraged to submit any events that they are interested in, whether there will be project participation or not. The submissions will help us to build a shared calendar.
This forum is developed and funded by the Sci-GaIA project, funded from 2015 to 2016 in the Horizon2020 framework. However, it serves communities all across Africa and Arabia, and will live after the end of the project. There are also other projects which are important to this community, especially TANDEM and MAGIC.
Science Gateways
If you ask google to define: science gateway, you'll likely see a quote from an NSF-funded project :
DevOps is a term which includes ideas such as automation, abstraction and co-design. Commonly used in the startup and IT services world, this refers to a change in culture of developing services and platforms. In Open Infrastructure:
This category is for discussing e-Science applications and specifically issues related to their usage on the public computing infrastructure in Africa.
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Open access (OA) means unrestricted online access to peer-reviewed scholarly research and is one of the lynchpins of the Sci-GaIA project, as well as many others. Openness is a methodology and a culture, which implies certain tools and techniques - this category is for discussing aspects of these.
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This category is created as a forum for projects in which environment monitoring stations, such as weather stations, are deployed or planned to be deployed in Africa.
One such project, the NORAD funded WIMEA-ICT project, has a category of its own and other such projects are welcome to request its own category. WIMEA-ICT is focusing on Uganda, Tanzania and South Sudan. Somalia is becoming an associate partner.
Examples of possible topics to explore together include cooperation on
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Determine the revenue per unit
This content was COPIED from BrainMass.com - View the original, and get the already-completed solution here!
A civil engineer has been promoted to manager of engineered public systems. One of the products is an emergency intercept pump for potable water. If the tested water quality or volume varies by a preset percentage, the pump automatically switches to preselected options of treatments or water sources. The manufacturing process for the pump had the following fixed and variable costs ovr a 1-year period.
Fixed Costs, $Variable Costs, $/Unit
Administrative 30,000 Materials 2500
Salaries and Benefits 20% of 350,000 Labor 200
Equipment 100,000 Indirect Labor 2000
Space, Utilities 55,000 Subcontractors 800
Computers 1/3 of 150,000
(a) Determine the minimum revenu per unit to break even at the current production volume
of 5000 units per year.
(b) If selling internationally and to large corporations is pursued, an increased production of 3000
additional units will be necessary. Determine the revenu per unit required if a profit goal of $500,000
is set for the entire product line. Assume the cost estimates above remain the same.
Solution Summary
Determine the revenue per unit in the case.


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A new cookbook from Mary McCartney, acclaimed photographer and daughter of the famed ex-Beatle Paul McCartney and his late wife Linda, combines vegetarian food and visual art.
This McCartney great in the kitchen, behind the lens
A new cookbook from Mary McCartney, acclaimed photographer and daughter of the famed ex-Beatle Paul McCartney and his late wife Linda, combines vegetarian food and visual art.
The uncomplicated recipes for her first book, Food: Vegetarian Home Cooking (Sterling Publishing, $35.95) are inspired by her upbringing in a vegetarian family. Read on for McCartney's comments, sent by email, about food and family.
In the kitchen: I was involved in the experience of cooking from a very early age. The kitchen was the centre of the universe and Mum got us involved, helping cook and tasting … lots of tasting.
Influence: My main cooking influence was my mother, Linda. She described herself as a peasant cook and had the ability to transform whatever she found in the pantry into delicious meals. Her love of food was infectious, but never precious. She never seemed to write anything down, a trick I inherited, but which made the creation of this book particularly testing!
Style: I favour uncomplicated cooking, I enjoy meals that are bright, tasty and satisfying and not too time consuming to make.
Food favourites: When we were young, Mum let us choose our favourite meal on our birthday. I often chose her cream of tomato soup and fluffy quiche with a large mixed salad. (The cookbook includes her versions of the dishes.)
Food at its best: I love cooking for friends and family, getting everyone around the table together to enjoy the banter around informal meals, and for me, the satisfaction of wiped-clean plates is worth the effort.
Mexican Bean Tortilla
2 tbsp vegetable oil OR light olive oil
1 medium red onion, halved and thinly sliced
6 cremini or button mushrooms, thinly sliced
½ red pepper, seeded and chopped into bite-sized pieces
1 red chili, seeded and finely chopped OR ½ tsp chili flakes (optional – leave out if you do not want the heat)
15-oz. can refried beans, OR 14.5 oz. can pinto beans, drained
4 corn OR flour tortillas (approximately 7 inches each in diameter)
2 ripe Hass avocados (with dark green, bumpy skin)
2 limes
Sea salt and freshly ground pepper, to taste
3 cups mixed greens, washed, dried and roughly chopped
1 tbsp extra-virgin olive oil, for drizzling over the lettuce leaves
¼ cup sour cream OR crème fraiche
2 tbsp fresh cilantro, chopped, optional, to taste
Recipe serves two to four people, with one or two tortillas per person. McCartney describes the recipe as a medley of flavours, colours and textures that can provide a bright, satisfying meal.
Preheat the oven to 350 F, for heating the tortillas. In a large frying pan over medium heat, sauté the red onion in the oil for three minutes, then add the mushrooms, red pepper, and chili, and sauté for a further 5 minutes, until nearly cooked through.
Mix in the beans and stir well, until nice and hot, which will take about 5 minutes.
Prepare the tortillas by wrapping them in aluminum foil and heating for about 10 minutes in the oven, until they're nice and hot.
Halve the avocados, remove the pits, then scoop out the fruit with a spoon and cut it into bite-sized cubes. Put them into a medium mixing bowl. Squeeze the juice of 1½ limes over the avocado, and sprinkle a pinch of sea salt over, then mix well.
In a separate salad bowl, toss the greens with a drizzle (one tablespoon) of olive oil and the juice of half the remaining lime. Season with sea salt and black pepper.
To assemble: Put a warm tortilla on each serving plate. Spoon the bean mix onto each one and spread it across the base of each tortilla, about 3⁄4 inch thick. Top with the salad, and then the diced avocado. Dollop a spoonful of sour cream on top and follow with freshly ground black pepper. Garnish with some chopped cilantro (if you like it). Eat immediately!