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NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR TRUSTED IDENTITIES IN CYBERSPACE. Enhancing Online Choice, Efficiency, Security, and Privacy
- Emily McKinney
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1 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR TRUSTED IDENTITIES IN CYBERSPACE Enhancing Online Choice, Efficiency, Security, and Privacy APRIL 2011
5 Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 Introduction 5 Guiding Principles 11 Identity Solutions will be Privacy-Enhancing and Voluntary 11 Identity Solutions will be Secure and Resilient 12 Identity Solutions will be Interoperable 13 Identity Solutions will be Cost-Effective and Easy To Use 14 Vision 15 Benefits 17 The Identity Ecosystem 21 Goals and Objectives 29 Commitment to Action 37 Role of the Private Sector 37 Role of the Federal Government 37 Role of State, Local, Tribal, and Territorial Governments 39 Role of International Partners 40 Implementation Roadmap and Federal Government Actions 40 Benchmarks 40 Conclusion 43 Appendix A Fair Information Practice Principles (FIPPs) 45
7 Executive Summary A secure cyberspace is critical to our prosperity 1 We use the Internet and other online environments to increase our productivity, as a platform for innovation, and as a venue in which to create new businesses Our digital infrastructure, therefore, is a strategic national asset, and protecting it while safeguarding privacy and civil liberties is a national security priority and an economic necessity 2 By addressing threats in this environment, we will help individuals protect themselves in cyberspace and enable both the private sector and government to offer more services online As a Nation, we are addressing many of the technical and policy shortcomings that have led to insecurity in cyberspace Among these shortcomings is the online authentication of people and devices: the President s Cyberspace Policy Review established trusted identities as a cornerstone of improved cybersecurity 3 In the current online environment, individuals are asked to maintain dozens of different usernames and passwords, one for each website with which they interact The complexity of this approach is a burden to individuals, and it encourages behavior like the reuse of passwords that makes online fraud and identity theft easier At the same time, online businesses are faced with ever-increasing costs for managing customer accounts, the consequences of online fraud, and the loss of business that results from individuals unwillingness to create yet another account Moreover, both businesses and governments are unable to offer many services online, because they cannot effectively identify the individuals with whom they interact Spoofed websites, stolen passwords, and compromised accounts are all symptoms of inadequate authentication mechanisms Just as there is a need for methods to reliably authenticate individuals, there are many Internet transactions for which identification and authentication is not needed, or the information needed is limited It is vital to maintain the capacity for anonymity and pseudonymity in Internet transactions in order to enhance individuals privacy and otherwise support civil liberties Nonetheless, individuals and businesses need to be able to check each other s identity for certain types of sensitive transactions, such as online banking or accessing electronic health records The National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace (NSTIC or Strategy) charts a course for the public and private sectors to collaborate to raise the level of trust associated with the identities of individuals, organizations, networks, services, and devices involved in online transactions 1 Cyberspace is the interdependent network of information technology components that underpins many of our communications; the Internet is one component of cyberspace 2 National Security Strategy The White House May 2010, p 27 Web 17 Dec whitehouse gov/sites/default/files/rss_viewer/national_security_strategy pdf 3 Cyberspace Policy Review: Assuring a Trusted and Resilient Information and Communications Infrastructure The White House May 2009, p 33 Web 2 Jun whitehouse gov/assets/documents/cyberspace_policy_ Review_final pdf 1
8 nat ional STraTEgy for T rusted iden T i T i ES in C yber S pace The Strategy s vision is: Individuals and organizations utilize secure, efficient, easy-to-use, and interoperable identity solutions to access online services in a manner that promotes confidence, privacy, choice, and innovation. The realization of this vision is the user-centric Identity Ecosystem described in this Strategy It is an online environment where individuals and organizations will be able to trust each other because they follow agreed upon standards to obtain and authenticate their digital identities and the digital identities of devices The Identity Ecosystem is designed to securely support transactions that range from anonymous to fully-authenticated and from low- to high-value The Identity Ecosystem, as envisioned here, will increase the following: Privacy protections for individuals, who will be able trust that their personal data is handled fairly and transparently; Convenience for individuals, who may choose to manage fewer passwords or accounts than they do today; Efficiency for organizations, which will benefit from a reduction in paper-based and account management processes; Ease-of-use, by automating identity solutions whenever possible and basing them on technology that is simple to operate; Security, by making it more difficult for criminals to compromise online transactions; Confidence that digital identities are adequately protected, thereby promoting the use of online services; Innovation, by lowering the risk associated with sensitive services and by enabling service providers to develop or expand their online presence; Choice, as service providers offer individuals different yet interoperable identity credentials and media Examples that illustrate some potential benefits of the Identity Ecosystem can be found throughout the Strategy within the Envision It! callout boxes The enhancement of privacy and support of civil liberties is a guiding principle of the envisioned Identity Ecosystem The Identity Ecosystem will use privacy-enhancing technology and policies to inhibit the ability of service providers to link an individual s transactions, thus ensuring that no one service provider can gain a complete picture of an individual s life in cyberspace By default, only the minimum necessary information will be shared in a transaction For example, the Identity Ecosystem will allow a consumer to provide her age during a transaction without also providing her birth date, name, address, or other identifying data In addition to privacy protections, the Identity Ecosystem will preserve online anonymity and pseudonymity, including anonymous browsing These efforts to enhance privacy and otherwise support civil liberties will be part of, and informed by, broader privacy policy development efforts occurring 2
9 ExECu T ive Summary throughout the Administration Equally important, participation in the Identity Ecosystem will be voluntary: the government will neither mandate that individuals obtain an Identity Ecosystem credential nor that companies require Identity Ecosystem credentials from consumers as the only means to interact with them The second guiding principle is that identity solutions must be secure and resilient Trusted digital identities are only one part of layered security, and online security will not be achieved through the establishment of an Identity Ecosystem alone However, more secure identification and authentication will both ameliorate existing security failures and provide a critical tool with which to improve other areas of online security The Identity Ecosystem must therefore continue to develop in parallel with ongoing national efforts to improve platform, network, and software security and efforts to raise awareness of the steps, both technical and non-technical, that individuals and organizations can take to improve their security The third guiding principle of the Identity Ecosystem is to ensure policy and technology interoperability among identity solutions, which will enable individuals to choose between and manage multiple different interoperable credentials Interoperability will also support identity portability and will enable service providers within the Identity Ecosystem to accept a variety of credential and identification media types The fourth guiding principal is that the Identity Ecosystem must be built from identity solutions that are cost-effective and easy to use History and common sense tell us that privacy and security technology is most effective when it exhibits both of these characteristics The Strategy will only be a success and the ideal of the Identity Ecosystem will only be fulfilled if the guiding principles of privacy, security, interoperability, and ease-of-use are achieved Achieving them separately will not only lead to an inadequate solution but could serve as a hindrance to the broader evolution of cyberspace Specifically, achieving interoperability without the appropriate security and privacy measures could encourage abuses of personal and proprietary information beyond those that occur today However, this risk is more likely to be realized if we take no action: identity solutions in cyberspace are already evolving One key role for the Federal Government in the implementation of this Strategy is to partner with the private sector to ensure that the Identity Ecosystem implements all of the guiding principles The Federal Government s role is also to coordinate a whole-of-government approach to implementation, including fostering cooperation across all levels of government, to deliver integrated, constituent-centric services The Strategy emphasizes that some parts of the Identity Ecosystem exist today but recognizes that there is much work still to be done The Strategy seeks to promote the existing marketplace, encourage new solutions where none exist, and establish a baseline of privacy, security, interoperability, and ease of use that will enable the market to flourish Central to the Strategy s approach is the conviction that the role of government in achieving the Identity Ecosystem is critical and must be carefully calibrated On the one hand, government should not over-define or over-regulate the existing and growing market for identity and authentication services If government were to choose a single approach to develop the Identity Ecosystem, it could inhibit innovation and limit private-sector opportunities On the other hand, the current market for interoperable and privacy-enhancing solutions remains fragmented and incomplete, and its pace of evolution does not match the Nation s needs 3
10 nat ional STraTEgy for T rusted iden T i T i ES in C yber S pace The private sector will lead the development and implementation of this Identity Ecosystem, and it will own and operate the vast majority of the services within it The Identity Ecosystem should be marketdriven, and it should provide a foundation for the development of new and innovative services The Strategy s approach is for the Federal Government to promote the emergence of an integrated landscape of solutions, building on a number of existing or new public and private initiatives to facilitate the creation of the Identity Ecosystem The role of the Federal Government is to support and enable the private sector; lead by example in utilizing and offering these services; enhance the protection of individuals; and ensure the guiding principles of privacy, security, interoperability, and ease of use are implemented and maintained in the Identity Ecosystem The Federal Government is initiating two short-term actions to implement the Strategy These are to: Develop an Implementation Roadmap that identifies and assigns responsibility for actions that the Federal Government can perform itself or by which the Federal Government can facilitate private-sector efforts Establish a National Program Office (NPO) for coordinating the activities of the Federal Government and its private-sector partners The NPO will be hosted at the Department of Commerce and accountable to the President, through the Secretary of Commerce The complete Identity Ecosystem will take many years to develop, and achieving this vision will require the dedicated efforts of both the public and private sectors The Federal Government commits to collaborate with the private sector; state, local, tribal, and territorial governments; and international governments and to provide the support and action necessary to make the Identity Ecosystem a reality With a concerted, cooperative effort from all of these parties, individuals will realize the benefits of the Identity Ecosystem through the conduct of their daily transactions in cyberspace The Way Forward The National Program Office will continue the national dialog among the private sector, public sector, and individuals on the implementation of the Strategy Shortly after the release of the Strategy, the NPO will hold a series of meetings to highlight the existing work in this area and to support the private sector s standardization of policies and technology for the Identity Ecosystem Representatives from industry, academia, civil society organizations, standards-setting organizations, and all levels of government are encouraged to attend and collaborate on the design of the Identity Ecosystem Together, we will work towards technology and policy standards that offer greater identity security and convenience; create new commercial opportunities; and promote innovation, choice, and privacy 4
11 introduction Imagine a world where individuals can conduct sensitive business transactions online with reduced fear of identity theft or fraud and without the need to manage scores of usernames and passwords They can seamlessly access information and services from the private sector, other individuals, and the government When they need to assert their identity online, they can choose from a number of different types of credentials They can choose to obtain those credentials from a range of different identity providers, both private and public Individuals can better trust the identities of the entities with which they interact; as a result, they can conduct a wider array of transactions online to save time and effort All of these activities occur together with enhanced privacy protections that are built into the underlying processes and technologies At the same time, individuals will retain their existing options of anonymity and pseudonymity in Internet transactions In this world, organizations efficiently conduct business online by trusting the identities and credentials provided by other entities They can eliminate redundant processes associated with managing, authenticating, authorizing, and validating identity data They can reduce loss due to fraud or data theft, and they can offer additional services previously deemed too risky to conduct online A Platform for Security, Privacy, and Innovation For our Nation to continue to drive economic growth over the Internet, we must provide individuals and organizations the ability and the option to securely identify each other When individuals and organizations can trust online identities, they can offer and use online services too complex and sensitive to have been otherwise available Some of the technologies needed to solve this problem are emerging For low-assurance transactions, individuals can already choose from a number of private-sector identity providers 4 Using these services, individuals can use a single username and password to log in to many different websites, and the website trusts a third-party identity provider to check the username and password Although these technologies provide a glimpse of the future, they have not addressed many of the significant shortcomings of the current environment Most of today s identity providers use relatively weak usernames and passwords, and most individuals are unable to obtain high-assurance credentials with an acceptable level of security, privacy and interoperability Almost no existing solutions allow individuals to assert their actual identities online, so the government and private sector are unable to offer online versions of many high-value or more sensitive services 4 The level of assurance in a transaction is the degree to which the parties need to know each other s identity In a low-assurance transaction, you may not need to know exactly who the other party is For a high assurance transaction, you may want to know their true identity 5
12 nat ional STraTEgy for T rusted iden T i T i ES in C yber S pace Acknowledging this need, the President s Cyberspace Policy Review stated that: The Federal Government in collaboration with industry and the civil liberties and privacy communities should build a cybersecurity-based identity management vision and strategy for the Nation that considers an array of approaches, including privacy-enhancing technologies The Federal Government must interact with citizens through myriad information, services, and benefit programs and thus has an interest in the protection of the public s private information as well 5 This Strategy answers that call An interagency team received vital input from the private sector through eighteen critical infrastructure/key resource sectors, nearly seventy different non-profits and Federal advisory groups, and a public comment period to develop the National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace (NSTIC) The Federal Government is already seeking to create this world for its own operations by executing the Federal Identity, Credential, and Access Management (FICAM) Roadmap 6 The Strategy seeks to accelerate those activities and to foster the development of an Identity Ecosystem in which trusted identities are available to any individual or organization Motivation The Nation faces a host of increasingly sophisticated threats to the personal, sensitive, financial, and confidential information of organizations and individuals Fraudulent transactions within the banking, retail, and other sectors along with online intrusions into the Nation s critical infrastructure, such as electric utilities are all too common As more commercial and government services become available online, the amount of sensitive information transmitted over the Internet will increase Consequently, the probability of loss associated with data theft, unauthorized modifications, fraud, and privacy breaches will also increase Although the total amount of losses both financial and non-financial due to online fraud and cybercrime is difficult to quantify, the problem is real and it is increasing 7 Furthermore, the online environment today is not user-centric Individuals tend to have little ability to manage their own personal information once it is released to service providers, and they often must calculate the tradeoffs among security, privacy, and gaining access to a service they desire In addition, individuals have limited ability to use strong digital identities across multiple applications, because 5 Cyberspace Policy Review: Assuring a Trusted and Resilient Information and Communications Infrastructure The White House May 2009, p 33 Web 2 Jun whitehouse gov/assets/documents/cyberspace_policy_review_final pdf 6 See Federal Identity, Credential, and Access Management (FICAM) Roadmap and Implementation Guidance Federal Chief Information Officers Council and the Federal Enterprise Architecture, Web 2 Jun idmanagement gov/documents/ficam_roadmap_implementation_guidance pdf 7 The 2009 Internet Crime Report states, From January 1, 2009, through December 31, 2009, the Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) Web site received 336,655 complaint submissions This was a 22 3% increase as compared to 2008 the total dollar loss from all referred cases was $559 7 million up from $264 6 million in Internet Crime Report Internet Crime Complaint Center IC3 12 Mar 2010, p 14 Web 2 Jun ic3 gov/media/annualreport/2009_ic3report pdf Over 10 million Americans are also victims of identity theft each year The Department of Justice s Efforts to Combat Identity Theft U S Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General Mar 2010 Web 2 Jun justice gov/oig/reports/plus/a1021 pdf A Federal Trade Commission survey found that some victims of identity theft can spend more than 130 hours reconstructing their identities (e g, credit rating, bank accounts, reputation, etc ) following an identity crime 2006 Identity Theft Survey Report Federal Trade Commission Nov 2007 p 6 Web 2 Jun ftc gov/os/2007/11/synovatefinalreportidtheft2006 pdf 6
13 i n T roduction application and service providers do not use a common framework Instead, they face the increasing complexity and inconvenience associated with managing the large number of usernames, passwords, and other identity credentials required to conduct services online with disparate organizations Finally, the collection of identity-related information across multiple providers, coupled with the sharing of personal information through the growth of social media, increases the opportunity for data compromise For example, the personal data that individuals use as prompts to recover lost passwords (mother s maiden name, the name of a first pet, etc ) is often publicly available or easily obtained The benefits of a widely-deployed, broadly-adopted Identity Ecosystem are as significant as the drawbacks of continuing along the current path Widespread fraud, data breaches, and the inefficiencies of authenticating parties to online transactions impose economic losses, diminish trust, and prevent some services from being offered online These tradeoffs and shortcomings are not necessary; innovative technologies exist that can provide security and privacy protections while simultaneously granting individuals access to services they desire 1. Envision It! Mary is tired of remembering dozens of user names and passwords, so she obtains a digital credential from her Internet service provider that is stored on a smart card Now that she has the smart card, she is also willing to conduct more sensitive transactions, like managing her healthcare, online One morning, she inserts the smart card into her computer, and uses the credential on it to run some errands, including: Logging in to her bank and obtaining digital cash; Buying a sweater at a new online retailer without having to open an account; Signing documents to refinance her mortgage; Reading the note her doctor left in her personal health record, in response to the blood sugar statistics she had uploaded the day before; Sending an to confirm dinner with a friend; and Checking her day s schedule on her employer s intranet portal In just minutes, she is done with her errands and has plenty of time to stop at the local coffee shop on her way to work 7
14 nat ional STraTEgy for T rusted iden T i T i ES in C yber S pace Scope The Strategy focuses on ways to establish and maintain trusted digital identities, which are critical for improving the security of online transactions Online transactions are electronic communications among two or more parties, connected via networks, systems, and computers Technology and processes for identification (establishing unique digital identities) and authentication (verifying the identity of a user, process, or device) are at the forefront of this Strategy In addition, the Strategy focuses on ways of providing trusted and validated attributes to enable organizations to make decisions about authorization (approving or giving consent for access) Identification, authentication, and authorization provide the information and assurances necessary for the parties within a given transaction to trust each other Individuals, organizations, hardware, networks, and software are all participants in an online transaction; therefore, each of these may be identified, authenticated, and authorized The Strategy recognizes that trusted digital identity, authentication and authorization processes are one part of layered security Improvements in identification and authentication are critical to attaining a trusted online environment; however, they must be combined with other crucial aspects of cybersecurity They must develop in parallel with ongoing national efforts to improve platform, network, and software security and to raise awareness of the steps, both technical and non-technical, that individuals and organizations can take to improve their security While the Strategy does not address these other essential efforts, it anticipates that many co-evolving solutions in these areas will need to use trusted identities and improved authentication if we are to improve the security of cyberspace 2. Envision It! A power utility remotely manages Smart Grid software deployed on an electricity meter Secure authentication between the power company and the meter prevents criminals from deploying fraudulent meters to steal electricity Trusted hardware modules ensure that the hardware and software configurations on the meter are correct The meter validates that instructions and periodic software upgrades actually come from the power company Trusted interactions among hardware, software, and organizations reduce the threat of fraudulent activity and the deployment of malware within the Smart Grid The identity aspects of securing online transactions are a subset of the overall identity management sphere The Strategy does not explicitly address identity and trust issues in the offline world; however, offline and online identity solutions can and should complement each other Identity proofing (verifying the identity of an individual) and the quality of identity source documents have a profound impact on establishing trusted digital identities, but the Strategy does not prescribe how these processes and documents need to evolve Lastly, the Strategy does not advocate for the establishment of a national identification card or system Nor does the Strategy seek to circumscribe the ability of individuals to communicate anonymously or pseudonymously, which is vital to protect free speech and freedom of association Instead, the Strategy seeks to provide to individuals and organizations the option of interoperable and higher-assurance credentials to supplement existing options, like anonymity or pseudonymity 8
15 i n T roduction Public-Private Collaboration The private sector and all levels of government, working together, can foster both economic prosperity and cybersecurity by overcoming the barriers that inhibit the adoption of more trustworthy identities in cyberspace 8 Such barriers include: Concerns regarding personal privacy; Lack of secure, convenient, user-friendly options for authentication and identification; Uncertainty regarding the allocation and level of liability for fraud or other failures; and The absence of a common framework to help establish trusted identities across a diverse landscape of online transactions and constituents To bring this world to fruition, close collaboration between the public and private sectors is crucial 8 In this document, all levels of government includes Federal, state, local, tribal, and territorial government 9
17 guiding principles The Strategy specifies four Guiding Principles to which the Identity Ecosystem must adhere: Identity solutions will be privacy-enhancing and voluntary Identity solutions will be secure and resilient Identity solutions will be interoperable Identity solutions will be cost-effective and easy to use These principles form the foundation for all of the Strategy s goals, objectives, and actions The Strategy will only be a success and the ideal of the Identity Ecosystem will only be fulfilled if these Guiding Principles are achieved Identity Solutions will be Privacy-Enhancing and Voluntary 3. Envision It! Antonio, age thirteen, wants to enter an online chat room that is specifically for adolescents, between the ages of twelve and seventeen His parents give him permission to get a digital credential from his school His school also acts as an attribute provider: it validates that he is between the age of twelve and seventeen without actually revealing his name, birth date or any other information about him The credential employs privacy-enhancing technology to validate Antonio s age without informing the school that he is using the credential Antonio can speak anonymously but with confidence that the other participants are between the ages of twelve and seventeen The offline world has structural barriers that preserve individual privacy by limiting information collection, use, and disclosure to a specific context For example, consider a driver s license: an individual can use a driver s license to open a bank account, board an airplane, or view an age-restricted movie at the cinema, but the Department of Motor Vehicles does not know every place that accepts driver s licenses as identification It is also difficult for the bank, the airport, and the movie theater to collaborate and link the transactions together At the same time, there are aspects of these offline transactions that are not privacy-protective The movie theater attendant who checks an individual s driver s license needs to know only that the individual is over age 17 But looking at the driver s license reveals extraneous information, such as the individual s address and full date of birth Ideally, identity solutions should preserve the positive privacy benefits of offline transactions while mitigating some of the negative privacy aspects The Fair Information Practice Principles (FIPPs) are the widely accepted framework for evaluating and mitigating privacy impacts The eight FIPPs are transparency, individual participation, purpose specification, data minimization, use limitation, data quality and integrity, security, and accountability and auditing 9 9 See Appendix A to this document for details on the Fair Information Practice Principles 11
18 nat ional STraTEgy for T rusted iden T i T i ES in C yber S pace The envisioned Identity Ecosystem will be grounded in a holistic implementation of the FIPPs in order to provide multi-faceted privacy protections For example, organizations will collect and distribute only the information necessary to the transaction, maintain appropriate safeguards on that information, and be responsive and accountable to individuals privacy expectations In circumstances where individuals make choices regarding the use of their data (such as to restrict particular uses), those choices will be automatically applied to all parties with whom that individual interacts Consistent with the FIPPs-based approach, the Identity Ecosystem will include limits on the length of time organizations can retain personal information and will require them to provide individuals with appropriate opportunities to access, correct, and delete it The Identity Ecosystem will also require organizations to maintain auditable records regarding the use and protection of personal information Moreover, a FIPPs-based approach will promote the creation and adoption of privacy-enhancing technical standards Such standards will minimize the transmission of unnecessary information and eliminate the superfluous leakage of information that can be invisibly collected by third parties Such standards will also minimize the ability to link credential use among multiple service providers, thereby preventing them from developing a complete picture of an individual s activities online Finally, service providers will request individuals credentials only when necessary for the transaction and then only as appropriate to the risk associated with the transaction As a result, implementation of the FIPPs will protect individuals capacity to engage anonymously in cyberspace Universal adoption of the FIPPs in the envisioned Identity Ecosystem will enable a variety of transactions, including anonymous, anonymous with validated attributes, pseudonymous, and uniquely identified while providing robust privacy protections that promote usability and trust Finally, participation in the Identity Ecosystem will be voluntary: the government will neither mandate that individuals obtain an Identity Ecosystem credential nor that companies require Identity Ecosystem credentials from consumers as the only means to interact with them Individuals shall be free to use an Identity Ecosystem credential of their choice, provided the credential meets the minimum risk requirements of the relying party, or to use any non-identity Ecosystem mechanism provided by the relying party Individuals participation in the Identity Ecosystem will be a day-to-day or even a transaction-to-transaction choice Identity Solutions will be Secure and Resilient Identity solutions and the processes and techniques used to establish trust must be secure against attack or misuse Security ensures the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of identity solutions and, when appropriate, the non-repudiation of transactions The use of open and collaboratively developed security standards and the presence of auditable security processes are critical to an identity solution s trustworthiness Identity solutions must have security built into them so that whenever possible, the security is transparent to the user Identity solutions will provide secure and reliable methods of electronic authentication Authentication credentials are secure when they are (a) issued based on sound criteria for verifying the identity of individuals and devices; (b) resistant to theft, tampering, counterfeiting, and exploitation; and (c) issued only by providers who fulfill the necessary requirements In addition, the ability to support robust forensic 12
19 g uiding p rinc iples capabilities will maximize recovery efforts, enable enhancements to protect against evolving threats, and permit attribution, when appropriate, to ensure that criminals can be held accountable for their activities Reliable identity solutions will also be available and resilient Identity solutions are available when they meet appropriate service-level requirements agreed upon by the individuals and organizations that use them Credentials are resilient when they can recover from loss, compromise, theft and can be effectively revoked or suspended in instances of misuse Another contributor to resilience is the existence of a diverse and heterogeneous environment of providers and methods of authentication In a diverse ecosystem, a participant can easily switch providers if their existing provider becomes insolvent, incapable of adhering to policies, or revises their terms of service Identity solutions must detect when trust has been broken, be capable of timely restoration after any disruption, be able to quickly revoke and recover compromised digital identities, and be capable of adapting to the dynamic nature of technology Identity Solutions will be Interoperable Interoperability encourages service providers to accept a variety of credential and identity media, similar to the way ATMs accept credit and debit cards from different banks Interoperability also supports identity portability: it enables individuals to use a variety of credentials in asserting their digital identity to a service provider Finally, the interoperability of identity solutions envisioned in this Strategy will enable individuals to easily switch providers, thus harnessing market incentives to meet individuals expectations This guiding principle recognizes two interoperability ideals within the Identity Ecosystem: There will be standardized, reliable credentials and identity media in widespread use in both the public and private sectors; and If an individual, device, or system presents a valid and appropriate credential, any qualified relying party is capable of accepting and verifying the credential as proof of identity and attributes To achieve these ideals, identity solutions should be scalable across multiple communities, spanning traditional geographic borders Interoperable identity solutions will allow organizations to accept and trust external users authenticated by a third party Identity solutions achieve scalability when all participants in the various identity federations agree upon a common set of standards, requirements, and accountability mechanisms for securely exchanging digital identity information, resulting in authentication across identity federations Identity solutions will achieve at least two types of interoperability: technical and policy-level Technical interoperability (including semantic interoperability) refers to the ability for different technologies to communicate and exchange data based upon well-defined and testable interface standards Policylevel interoperability is the ability for organizations to adopt common business policies and processes (e g, liability, identity proofing, and vetting) related to the transmission, receipt, and acceptance of data between systems There are many existing standards and standards organizations that address these issues, and the Identity Ecosystem will encourage the use of existing, non-proprietary solutions When new standards 13
20 nat ional STraTEgy for T rusted iden T i T i ES in C yber S pace are needed, the Identity Ecosystem will emphasize non-proprietary, international, and industry-led standards In addition, identity solutions will be modular, allowing service providers to build sophisticated identity systems using smaller and simpler sub-systems This implementation philosophy will improve the flexibility, reliability, and reuse of these systems, and it will allow for simplicity and efficiency in change management: service providers can add and remove components as the Identity Ecosystem evolves Identity Solutions will be Cost-Effective and Easy To Use From the individual s perspective, the increasing complexity and risk of managing multiple credentials threaten the convenience associated with online transactions 4. Envision It! Parvati uses a credential, issued by a third party and bound to her existing cell phone, to access online government tax services She can log in with the click of a button: she no longer has to remember the complicated password she previously had to use She views her tax history, changes her demographic information, files her taxes electronically, and monitors her refund status The Identity Ecosystem will promote identity solutions that foster the reduction and elimination of policy and technology silos that require individuals to maintain multiple identity credentials Individuals will be able to establish a small number of identity credentials that they can leverage across a wide variety of service providers Organizations will no longer have to issue and maintain credentials for each of their users Individuals, businesses, organizations, and all levels of government will benefit from the reduced cost of online transactions: fewer redundant account procedures, a reduction in fraud, decreased help-desk costs, and a transition away from expensive paper-based processes Furthermore, reusable identity solutions promote operational efficiency and will further reduce the cost of implementing online services The use of existing identity solutions that align with the Strategy is one way of quickly achieving these efficiencies Identity solutions should be simple to understand, intuitive, easy-to-use, and enabled by technology that requires minimal user training Many existing technology components in widespread use today, such as cell phones, smart cards, and personal computers, can be leveraged to act as or contain a credential Whenever possible, identity solutions should be built into online services to enhance their usability Identity solutions must also bridge the digital divide ; they must be available to all individuals, and they must be accessible to the disadvantaged and disabled 14
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text:
Bastard store is located in a former cinema from the '40s, which can be recognized by the entrance and, just after the main hall, by the stairs to what used to be the balcony and by the liberty style lamps that decorate them.
The first hall looks like a normal shop, where you can find any item related to skating from clothes to shoes and skateboards, but if you go to the "balcony" area, after a glass wall, you can discover a hidden world: the former orchestra now hosts the creative team offices, where the designers create new skates, clothes and decorations; the former stage is used partly for storing and partly for hosting art and photo exhibitions (all related to the skaters world of course). At the top of the storage area, an indoor skate park has been created, where anyone can go and skate while the shop is open, where skating courses are held for adults and children in the afternoon and competitions take place during the weekend. A bar with good beers and some chairs outside is usually open, in the inner court, during the events.
This place, a mix of sport, art and shop, has been created after a very long and detailed renovation. Pictures of it are hanging on the walls and are printed on the steps that lead to the skating tracks. It is worth a visit, even if skating is not your hobby (but don't say it).

subset: commoncrawl


text:
"Because of my time at Trinity, I feel well-prepared for college both academically and socially. Academically, Trinity has prepared me for college through the rigor of the IB program. Socially, the all-girls environment has made me a confident individual who will lead in the classroom.
When I leave for college this fall, I will miss the friendships that I formed at Trinity. I am excited to travel to a new city and explore it, but I will always miss my home and family, and that includes the people at Trinity. At Trinity, I met people I would never have the possibility to know if I went to my local public high school. That's why I will always be thankful that I chose Trinity for my high school experience."
Franki Gillis, Roosevelt Middle School, River Forest
Macalaster College, Minnesota


text:
An archive of art writings from across the prairies. Circa 2007 - 2012. Est. by Amy Fung.
Monday, August 24, 2009
Summer Update on Edmonton*
Sunday, August 23, 2009
Clark Ferguson: In Search of Desire, REVIEWED by Noni Brynjolson
For the past month, the offices at Plug In ICA (my current place of employment) have been permeated by the abrasive howls of a hypnotized Matt Mullican. The video documentation of a performance features Mullican pacing around on stage, repeating nonsensical words ad nauseam and performing irrational actions that are usually constrained by one's consciousness. The piece is conceptually interesting, but hard to watch for more than a few minutes, let alone listen to for eight hours while trying to work. Looking for a respite during a recent lunch break, I visited Clark Ferguson's exhibition down the street at Platform Centre for Photographic + Digital Arts. Consisting of three videos with accompanying photographs and models, the works in Ferguson's In Search of Desire are both entertaining and engaging.
Ferguson, who describes his age as "twenty-fourteen," brings a teenage boy sensibility to his work. It's as if he and his buddies were sitting around in his bachelor pad one day, and hatched a plan to make an awesome video out of whatever they had lying around. How else would Ferguson have decided, in "Teenage Wasteland," that it would be a good idea if he created a harness that he would hang upside down in, in his underwear, while twirling his condom-covered fingers around and around in front of a photograph of his bedroom to look like seductively dancing legs? The finger-leg dance cuts to shots of Ferguson looking guiltily seduced, and we only find out at the end that he has been seducing himself with his own hand (masturbation, which Graham and Jaimz Asmundson discuss avidly in an essay accompanying the exhibition).
All of Ferguson's videos deal with male sexuality in some way. Ferguson has described himself as "not gay but not quite straight." This resistance to heteronormativity results in a complete lack of females, female body parts or other objects of desire. It's about the search for Ferguson, not the catch. In "Dead Meat," a hunky blonde boy goes on a journey from the wintry prairies (Ferguson lives in Saskatoon) to the desert. Arriving at his destination, the boy sheds his clothes, which turn into animals - fur hat bunnies, pants owl, leather jacket raven. The pants owl beckons him forward, and the boy pushes his head through a slit where he sees a glass of water, the form his desire has taken. He asks in a typically dudish way, "is that a tall, juicy, glass of water?" To which a voice tells him that the water is not actually there, but is a metaphor meant to teach him about "self discovery, life, and...stuff."
Image Credit: Platform Centre for Photographic + Digital Arts
The third video is "The Ratspectacla," possibly my favourite because of the absurd plot, hilariously lo-fi aesthetic and catchy soundtrack . The video again features constructed models and inserted photographic cutouts that simulate reality. It begins with a miniature circus designed for rats. Then, Ferguson and his friend Darryl realize that they've lost one of the rats, which becomes human-sized and starts to chase them. The climax comes when Darryl enters a room with a table filled with cream covered donuts. The rat finds him hiding, and starts to eat him. Cream erupts out of poor little Darryl, filling up the screen in an obvious reference to ejaculation. Like "Teenage Wasteland," "The Ratspectacla" ends with Ferguson revealing his magician's hat of tricks, and we are shown the models he has used in creating the giant rodent-filled fantasy.
Conceptual artists such as Matt Mullican have produced valuable works examining language and the subconscious. It seems as if the work that Ferguson makes is miles apart, and more influenced by the aesthetics of music videos, popular culture, home video and even comic books than by serious aesthetic concerns coming from the art world. Ferguson certainly connects his work to larger aesthetic ideas, though, by examining the mediated ways in which spectacle is constructed. Engaging with an audience is essential to Ferguson, and he has succeeded in doing this with these works. I'm sure his videos could play on Much Music, or the Comedy Network, and get a positive response. However, In Search of Desire is not just about entertainment and visual appeal, but also deals with desire and male sexuality in an honest, inquisitive and very personal way.
-N.B. Winnipeg
Thursday, August 20, 2009
Prairie Artsters: Infinite Fest*
Heritage Days
By far my favourite festival of the summer, Heritage Days is the ultimate conglomeration of cultures, where each nation's best exports in the smells and sights of food and dance fill out all of Hawrelak Park. A friend and I used to take the festival extremely seriously, mapping out countries explored and yet to explore, and charting an ongoing rating system of places visited. Pressed for time this year, I bypassed the line-ups for tickets and food and just took in the performances. With the highlight of an all-female Cuban band just in town for the festival and sporadic performance pavilions showcasing hokey to brilliant ensembles, it's really the only place I can think of where anyone and everyone can watch dance from Uganda to Bolivia, eat gelato, tamales, pick up a Nikola Tesla t-shirt and devour meat and mangoes on a stick—often all at once.
Edmonton Folk Music Festival
A reunion occurs every year at Folk Fest as you run into those good people that you only ever see on Gallagher Hill. As the mecca of volunteers descend for Folk Fest with people streaming in or coming back for the sole purpose of the festival, Folk Fest is and always has been a great extended long weekend spent catching up between the beer garden and a tarp.
Missing it this year, I felt the constant stream of texts, mobile uploads and Facebook/Twitter updates kept me more than-in-the-know of what was going on from one end of the hill to the other. Although the music should be primary, my clearest memories from Folk Fest exist in moments where everything comes to a meeting point: often sitting on the hill, looking towards the downtown skyline as you feel completely engulfed by the people, the music, and you're happy.
Edmonton International Fringe Festival
Rarely a Fringer, this August week is often spent staying clear of the Strathcona area. Catching only one or two theatre shows a season, the Fringe has become increasingly overwhelming for someone who just wants to drop in and take a chance on a random show. With no more tickets at the door, it's not really a fringe environment, but with Bring-Your-Own Venues sprouting up across the river, North America's oldest and largest Fringe looks to be gaining back some of its grassroots practice.
Deciding to catch just one show this year, I went to Grandma Rosie and Lily's Grandpa Sol on its opening night at Acacia Hall. I first heard about the show earlier this summer in Winnipeg, where individuals I just met raved about this one-woman puppet show. Then a friend in Saskatoon e-mailed, saying that I should really go see this show that's coming to Edmonton, this puppet show by her old friend Lana Schwarz from Melbourne.
Charming, funny and just twisted enough to be slightly magical, the one Fringe show I saw this year was worth it, but leaving the theatre at 12:30 pm on a Thursday night, I realized that I only go to support the people behind the show and that I'm not there because I'm interested in the form or art of theatre.
*First published in Vue Weekly, August 20 - 26, 2009
-A.F. Edmonton
Friday, August 7, 2009
Lyndal Osborne, Ornamenta, July 30 - August 29, Harcourt House
Drawing a range of audience members from curators to farmers to her artist talk, Osborne's approach to art has increasingly turned towards an installation-based method that renegotiates fine art techniques into an often political contemporary practice.
Image credit: Detail from "Garden" Lyndal Osborne, 2005
Taking meticulousness to a whole new realm, the organic discards from Osborne's personal refuse has been painted, dyed, chine colled with lithograph drawings, painted, paper mached, and distorted beyond natural perception. Transformed to habitat in Osborne's modified ecosystem(s), these estranged roots, seeds, and pods are at once wondorous and alarming--much like their symbolic counterparts.
Building upon Osborne's persistent research into GMO's by bringing together Garden and Archipelago, curators Linda Jansma and Virginia Eichhorn allow for the artist as researcher to continue on a line of thought by encouraging the works speak back to one another.
Thursday, August 6, 2009
Allyson Mitchell: Ladies Sasquatch, REVIEWED by Noni Brynjolson
Do Sasquatches really exist? Are there actually ape-like beasts lurking in forests, occasionally sighted but always escaping scientific discovery? Or do they belong in the space of myth, folklore, religion, popular culture? Linda Nochlin asked "Why have there been no great women artists?" It could be said that Allyson Mitchell's current exhibition at the Winnipeg Art Gallery revolves around the question, "Why have there been no women Sasquatches?" Mitchell's show features a cast of lesbian feminist monsters. Attractive, yet intimidating, their presence loudly declares an intrusion of different (scary, to some) voices into public discourse.
To visit the Sasquatches, one has to pass by several different areas. In Canada on Canvas, one might spot numerous Masterworks by the Group of Seven. Next is Four Centuries of Silver, a beautiful show of gleaming, delicately crafted objects. Ladies Sasquatch is tucked away in a small corner gallery, much like a cave. The juxtaposition between the fine silver and the Sasquatch room is quite amusing - especially because the first thing that greets you is a pink, fuzzy, stuck-up Sasquatch bum. Mitchell was certainly aware of the way this placement would bring up questions surrounding gender, material, and craft-making - not to mention gallery politics and the clashing of histories and disciplines within a large institution such as the WAG.
Image Credit: Winnipeg Art Gallery, Installation view, 2009
The female monsters Mitchell creates are made of taxidermy fur, kitschy bathroom mats, afghans and other discarded domestic materials. They are simultaneously hideous and sexy; monstrous and feminine. They are also hand-built, crafted, embroidered and dressed up by Mitchell. Each one has a wig (arranged by Mitchell in "classic lesbian" styles), some have tattoos, and all unashamedly flaunt their furry sexual parts. The figures dominate the gallery space, appearing to be deeply engaged in conversation around a campfire which casts menacing shadows on the surrounding walls.
The creatures were inspired by Mitchell's vision of radical feminism. Mitchell, who has a PhD in women's studies, coined the term Deep Lez to refer to her personal philosophy, which "acknowledge[s] the urgent need to develop inclusive liberatory feminisms while examining the strategic benefits of maintaining some components of a radical lesbian theory and practice." Mitchell was inspired by visiting the Michigan Women's Music Festival, an event completely organized and run by women. Watching them work together, free from a society in which many felt powerless and unaccepted, Mitchell was moved to create an homage to their strength and solidarity.
At a discussion at the WAG that accompanied the exhibition, the existence of Sasquatches was brought up. Joining Mitchell were two Aborginal women: Lynnel Sinclair, a Sasquatch researcher, talked about the numerous sightings she had had in the Manitoba wilderness, while artist Melissa Wastasecoot discussed the role of the Sasquatch within Aboriginal spiritual traditions. The talk brought a new dimension to Mitchell's work, one based on systems of knowledge, power and belief. While I will forever remain a skeptic about entities that lack convincing documentation (Sasquatches, God, Aliens, etc.), it was still intriguing to hear stories of Sasquatches placed within cultural and spiritual contexts.
Both Sasquatches and lesbian feminists have eluded scientific classification - neither fit neatly into rational, western (historically masculine) systems of knowledge, but instead belong to different, and marginalized, discourses. Mitchell's Sasquatches appeal to one's sense of play. The inclusion of a soundtrack makes it seem like you are entering a bonfire party at a girl's camp. But they are not toys, they have sharp teeth and an intimidating presence. You can enter their circle, but you'll have to check your disbelief at the door if you want to join the conversation.
-N.B. Winnipeg
Wednesday, August 5, 2009
Prairie Artsters: QuickDRAW*
The Hotel Cecil sat boarded up, abandoned, squatted and forgotten for years on the corner of Jasper and 104th Street before it was torn down 101 years after it first opened. Once a prestigious hotelier on the then-western edge of downtown Edmonton, the Cecil was designed by architect Roland Lines (Alex Taylor School, Union Bank Inn) during a decade of immense urban development that included the inauguration of Edmonton as the provincial capital. Left off the official list for Heritage Buildings, the functioning hotel and bar eventually degraded into a seedy dilapidated dive before permanently closing in 2003 and being demolished in 2007.
As a prime location on the city's main drag, the corner of Jasper and 104 continued to ride the whitewashing wave of another boom of urban development. A glass tower with a street-level Sobey's took shape on the site with a design nod to the heritage district, but no physical trace of the Cecil remained. A transient town with a mentality of transient architecture, memories of public space blur, but the site of Jasper and 104 remains a meeting place of expectations.
Signifying the status of a somewhat urban density, the demolition and reconstruction of the new building was accompanied by the first "Make It Not Suck"—a DIY initiative led by a group of Edmontonians that saw many of our construction site scaffoldings wheat-pasted with pre-made visual works and text. As an attempt to mark the city with something other than construction-in-progress, the MINS group—along with and often in opposition to—the architects and developers were all staking a claim to the city they each called their own. A city expresses itself, but its expressions are regulated, or inspired, by a few.
This past weekend, gathering just north of Jasper on 104 at midnight, a group of friends and strangers arrived en masse with buckets of chalk and no greater plan than to draw on their city streets. QuickDRAW was the first night of Latitude 53's now annual event of drawing, and the Friday night event was proposed by local artist Sarah Patterson. The idea was to draw on the site of the next morning's City Market, connecting the act of drawing beyond just the gallery area. It was also a fine excuse to take advantage of our summer nights in an area that has been revitalized on the surface, but had yet to generate any real sense of self-sustenance.
"It's just to engage spontaneously with art and make fun in a non-destructible way," says Patterson, a tried-and-true downtown resident who regularly sees the action going on in and around the core.
With cars careening past that either apologized or honked, various individuals from a diverse background picked up a piece of chalk and drew whatever came to mind. Some came prepared with notebooks, others engaged with the street fixtures of stop signs and park benches, and others just freestyled large creatures real and imagined. Curious onlookers and midnight dog walkers looked on as if it was a spectacle, and the market shoppers the next morning smiled at the drawings that had been made for them.
Although QuickDRAW holds the same motivation of graffiti, which has been deemed illegal and unsafe in our city, nobody, not even the passing police cruiser, showed any signs of distress at this gesture to decorate public property for free. Perhaps chalk's temporary nature makes it more digestible, but when entire buildings can be torn down, pressure to remove spray paint seems more like a diversion.
As an event, QuickDRAW was neither here nor there, but as a concept, it marks an entry point for anyone to express themselves, as this city belongs to all of us. As Patterson continues, "It's accessible to anyone. Children do this all the time."
*First published in Vue Weekly
- A.F. Edmonton
A Three Day Tour of Winnipeg
First up was Platform Gallery, an artist run center that focuses on digital and photographic arts. Saskatoon-based Clark Ferguson's In Search of Desire was present on the walls inside the Artspace Building. First encountering Ferguson's short video "Farmer Jeans" last summer, the same glossy aesthetic remains present, but his brand of humour remains elusive.
(We would also run into visual artist Sarah Anne Johnson here and elsewhere that day. Johnson, whose works I first encountered during a Banff open studio visit, and where that work materialized into a show at the Illingworth Kerr, and whose reputation in the contemporary art world is steadily climbing with prestigious acquisitions and awards, would be an art star in any other scene, but in a city void of even hipsters, self-aggrandizing may be the only thing more socially awkward than the city itself.)
Next up was aceart, where Montreal-based Alexandre David's Over Here filled the space with a voluminous architectural sculpture made entirely of soft wood. At first appearing as an indoor skateboarding ramp, once on the ramp that ascends close to the ceiling in a gentle curve, the give under one's weight, the scent and almost flavour of the fresh cut wood, and naturally the reverberation of sound it causes within the space reveal themselves and reconfigure how we engage and organize space.
Speaking with artist and aceart administrator Liz Garlicki, I was also gladly informed about the center's series of critical publications, essays, and artist books that are an integral part to aceart's mandate to produce and disseminate dialogue from contemporary cultural producers.
In the same building, we stopped in on Urban Shaman, where Cliff Eyland had curated Manitoba-based artists Peter Prince and Jackie Traverse together for a mediocre painting show. While one or two mixed media canvases by Traverse shone with honest brutality, the show as a whole did not necessarily speak to each other, and certainly not to the viewer about why these works belonged with each other. As Manitoba's only Aboriginal artist run center, I was expecting more text and information from and about contemporary practitioners, but save for a darkened corner of books and a table over stacked with outdated postcards, there was no visible or accessible information about the center and its activities.
On to Plug In, where Pandora's Box was currently showing. Curated by Amanda Cachia, the show and tour was organized by the Dunlop Gallery in Regina, where I first saw it in its original presentation. Featuring ten international female artists from a multitude of backgrounds and disciplines, the show had far more room to breath in the gorgeous Plug In venue, but very notably missing was the Kara Walker short film (which was unfortunately replaced with editioned stills from her gallery in New York).
Brief stops were made at MAWA, a mentoring center for women artists where Dempsey and Lorri Millan have been working as co-Executive Directors for this past year. More of a resource space than a gallery space, MAWA seems to be an emblem of Winnipeg's cooperative spirit that espouses help and mentorship far more than competition and rivalry.
A stop was also made at Videopool, where a stack of Poolside publications, information about their various programming throughout the year, and a members' DVD catalogue later, completely affirmed its reputation as what a media arts center should be. As a meeting space for its members, Videopool is first and foremost a resource center that generates new avenues and accessibilities for distribution, technical facilities, archives, residencies, annual publications, funding possibilities, and programming initiatives. Attracting Andrew Harwood to step in from Toronto as the new Executive Director, he will follow a dynamic era led by Sandee Moore, who once again returns to her own artistic practice.
The final space visited was of course the Winnipeg Art Gallery. Sheltered entirely in tyndall stone since 1912, the WAG is just one more heritage building that continues to survive in downtown Winnipeg, though they continue to have their fair share of demolitions and renovations.
There primarily to find Allyson Mitchell's Ladies Sasquatch behind the silver antique selection, I was surprisingly taken a back by the Joe Fafard retrospective. Having seen his work countless times, the retrospective was the first time I have appreciated his work. With focus on his early works, which stand out in their curiosity, Fafard's impeccable note for the mundane detail is certainly on display as you walk by each pedestal. Placed outside of the market value context, Fafard's genuine compulsion with re-figuring ordinary folks and familiarities shine through, giving a face to the world he knows to a world that may otherwise forget.
- A.F. Edmonton
Anthea Black, Surrender No Surrender, July 23 - Sept 5, SNAP
Opening up the perspective and entry point of printmaking as both form and as message, Black's working exhibition was coordinated in conjunction with Camp Fyrefly, a queer youth camp where participants were given printmaking workshops along with queer art history seminars by Black. From the opening image of Wonder Woman and Big Barda joining hands and forces, there is a focus of collaboration and intertextuality.
Image credit: Anthea Black, 2009.
Playing off the iconic DC Marvel character comics and their extensive character histories and their social historical relevances, Black also plays up their medium in the imperfect pasting and peeling edges. The creases may be seen as irritating to the perfectionist, but their presence emphasizes the action of putting up the works, which when combined with the history lesson provided by "I Saw This & Thought of You", remains the single most important fact in the entire exhibition.
- A.F. Edmonton
Tuesday, August 4, 2009
Real Life, Ron Mueck and Guy Ben-Ner, June 20 - September 7, Art Gallery of Alberta*
Image credit: Ron Mueck A Girl 2006
Photo credit and copyright: National Gallery of Canada
In the main gallery, Mueck's 17-foot-long figure A Girl lies frozen and alone, her giant baby fists clenched and her enormous newborn eyes struggling to open for the first time. Known for using scale to distort viewer perception of his subjects, Mueck crafts his sculptures out of proportion in order to elicit a psychological presence of frailty or dominance.
Demonstrating the monstrosity of birth and the beginning of life with A Girl, Mueck's exaggeration of size and life situation swings to the other end of the spectrum with Old Woman in Bed, a diminutive sculpture (less than a foot in length) of an old woman nearing the end of her days. Situated in the room next to A Girl, the woman is seemingly curled up asleep underneath a swath of blankets. But upon closer viewing, her eyes and mouth are half-open, with heavy lids barely able to blink and thin lips parted as if taking a last gasp.
Paired head-to-head, it seems almost reductive to render death as diminishing and birth as colossal. And for all his visual realism and attention to surface detail, Mueck's subjects are not about the realistic portrayal of life and death; rather, they address mortality through the rendering of the face and body—inspiring humanity rather than recreating it. Hyperreality, here and elsewhere, in fact reaffirms the power of the false, just as to appear real primarily asserts the power of apparition. Mueck's sculptures are, ultimately, haunting in the way that they estrange us from the monumental and minute moments of real, everyday life and death.
The theme of real life is equally questionable in Ben-Ner's video works, but in a wholly different manner.
Image credit: Guy Ben-Ner Stealing Beauty 2007
Shooting candidly in several Ikea stores over the course of two years and various countries, Ben-Ner and family created Stealing Beauty. It's a satirical narrative framed as a television sitcom, one structured on the loose plotline of young Amir caught stealing at school. Ben-Ner's directions to his kids and wife were edited into subtitles during post-production, and the artist also chose to include moments of the public finding his hidden cameras.
The discontinuity in Stealing Beauty is heightened by editing the same scene's dialogue across many different Ikea showrooms, a move that goes beyond simple sleuth-style artmaking. Because Ben-Ner underlines the construction process behind the work, his piece ceases to be about real life. (Notably, his sound choices include the clanking of invisible dishes and the turning on and off of unplumbed showroom water faucets.)
As demonstrated in past works like Treehouse Kit, Ben-Ner is a master of playing the straight man in his own world of make-believe. Both then and now, his works mainly serve to exacerbate the absurdities of our everyday realities, rather than reflect them accurately.
*First published online at Canadian Art


text:
Imagine a day of pure excitement, listening to the thundering hooves, ticket in hand, as the crowd leans forward in anticipation – Killashee's racing pedigree goes back many years, making it the perfect place for anyone who enjoys a bracing day out at the races. Over the years we've forged strong connections with some of the nearby racecourses.
Since 1827, Punchestown has been at the beating heart of Irish National Hunt racing. With acres and acres of green pastureland as a base, it hosts many of the country's most exciting racing events.
This stunning expanse of Kildare's rolling green countryside is dedicated to some of the world's most famous races. As well as holding an undeniable reputation for holding events such as the Darley Irish Oaks, the Curragh is also a great place to socialize with great Family Days and glamorous Ladies Days.
There's something for everyone at Naas Racecourse. They love to host fun Summer BBQ evenings, wild nights with the best live bands and fun themed racedays. That's on top of the important racing events already held there such as the National Hunt and Flat Racing.


text:
I just got a new 6300 and sold my Icom. I have used 60 meters in the past and it seems 60 meters is disabled for TX. How can I get this opened up?
I tried all the modes and the TUNE and MOX button stay grayed out, the only mode it does not stay grayed out is CW.
What is your call or QTH Nick?
Oh, and my QTH is Hopewell junction NY
All radios sold in the US have the 60m band enabled. However, you must be within a designated channel in order for TX to be enabled. I suspect your slice is tuned to a frequency that is outside of the 60m channel.
Tim, i have the same problem i live in canada at 5.370mhz 60m it's not activated
Double check your TX bandwidth. It should be less than 2.8 khz
3000khz it's ok thank's :)
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International Connections
Kewoba Carter provides key supports to international students at Dalhousie. Her goal is to see them thrive. Kewoba Carter is often one of the first connections international students new to Dalhousie make when they arrive in the city. She's an international student advisor at the International Centre at Dalhousie University …Read More »
Blazing a trail Mercedes Ruiz works to make the path to Halifax easier for Mexican newcomers!
A few years ago, Mercedes Ruiz and husband Carlos Berumen decided to leave Mexico and build a new life elsewhere. It wasn't a new concept for Ruiz's family; her aunt had moved to Nova Scotia years before, and her mother had lived in the U.S. when she was younger. It …Read More »
Growing Together
Charlene and Emmanuel Anom bring together the best elements of their culture By Chris Muise Emmanuel Anom is senior pastor at Community Life Church and a food scientist with Perennia Food & Agriculture, wife Charlene is a teacher with the Chignecto-Central Regional School Board. They're deeply involved with both …Read More »


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Football fan or not, there's still a lot to look forward to this weekend when the Seahawks take on the Broncos. Namely, some huge new sci-fi trailers.
With the Super Bowl less than a week away, the commercial spots are all locked up and word is starting to trickle out about which movies will, and won't, be a part of the game. The future blockbusters that made the cut include Captain America: Winter Soldier, Amazing Spider-Man 2 and Transformers: Age of Extinction. For those wondering: Yes, this will mark the debut for the latest Transformers sequel.
Noticeably absent: That rumored debut trailer for Guardians of the Galaxy, X-Men: Days of Future Past, Godzilla and Dawn of the Planet of the Apes. It looks like Disney only wanted to pony up for one Marvel flick, and Cap is the safer bet, while 20th Century Fox has decided to sit out the super-expensive Super Bowl season with X-Men and Apes. Per Variety, we can probably look for that marketing push to pop up during the upcoming Winter Olympics.
Over the past several years, the Super Bowl has become the de facto place to introduce a buzzy commercial — and it's nice to know we'll have no less than three huge sci-fi flicks sprinkled in along with all the beer and Doritos promos. Of course, this list doesn't include the several commercials we can surely expect that'll have some nice sci-fi cameos and franchise tie-ins, just the ones with straight-up trailers on the way.
The game is set for Sunday at 5:30 p.m. (Central) on Fox. Will you be watching to see Peyton vs. Russell, or just for the commercials?
(Via Variety)


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Doha Bus
Our open-top tour takes you on a vivid journey that reveals Qatar's vibrant past, present and future.
Doha, Qatar is a fast changing city that has it's feet plantend in tradition and its eye on what's to come.
Enjoy the ability to hop on and off at any of our stops or stay on-board for the fill tour provided in 7 different languages.
Opened in 2013
Welcome to Doha's first Hop-on Hop-off sightseeing bus tour.


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Surgical CureA Surgical Cure for Excessive Underarm Sweating
For many years, the surgical treatment of choice for excessive armpit sweating was wide excision of the axillary skin, with or without removing subcutaneous tissue. This procedure left the patient with large scars and was subject to prolonged wound healing, uncomfortable wound care, and limited motion of the shoulders and arms for a long period of time. It also caused total hair loss of the underarm area.
Retrodermal Curettage
We, now, have a "new-old" surgical method for the treatment of excessive armpit sweating and underarm odor, which is far less invasive and traumatic to the patient. This method of treating excessive underarm sweating and excessive armpit odor is called Retrodermal Curettage. The goal of this surgical procedure is to thin the skin at the affected area while causing a minimal amount of discomfort to the patient.
The "old" aspect of the surgical technique relates to surgery that was performed over 40 years ago, which "thins" the skin under direct vision and extended exposure - i.e. large incisions.
The "new" aspect of the Retrodermal Curettage technique uses minimal incisions and scrapping of tissue with small instruments that are capable of curetting and aspirating the content at the affected area (Two small incisions-one centimeter long on the side of the chest wall and in front of the armpit). This approach to Retrodermal Curettage results in far less pain and discomfort to the patient and healing times are much less than with the "old" method.
What to Expect
The patient is put to sleep with a general anesthetic. The underarm area is then infiltrated with a solution containing saline and local anesthesia (lidocaine) that assists with the surgery and reduction of post-operative pain. Both underarm areas are then operated on during the same visit using the "new" Retrodermal Curettage method.
Following surgery, the patient rests for a few hours in the recovery room and is then discharged with instructions related to wound care and activity. The patient is advised to avoid exercise for about 3-4 weeks and is prescribed pain medication and antibiotics to prevent infection. Post-operative pain is relatively minimal to moderate and typically lasts for two to three days.
In 2-3 days, the patient is scheduled for a follow-up visit at Dr. Pnini's office for wound evaluation and removal of sutures.
If you have any questions regarding the Retrodermal Curettage proceedure, please contact us and we'll be glad to assist you.
|Armpit Sweating Home | Contact Us | SiteMap | Disclaimer
|© Dr. Pnini 2009
|Designed By Mission Web Marketing


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Warding off Life Threatening Conditions with Bariatric Surgery
Warding off Life Threatening Conditions with Bariatric Surgery
Though the dangers of severe obesity are well-known they simply cannot not be overstated. The significantly increased risk of heart attack and stroke are life threatening, and they reduce the lifespan of someone suffering from severe obesity by up to 20 years. Here at Dr. Feiz and Associates, we're dedicated toward helping severely obese individuals fight off these conditions and work toward a healthier lifestyle without these risks. We utilize bariatric procedures which have been proven to be safe and effective, and consistently able to produce these important results.
Whether you're interested in pursuing a Lap Band vs. sleeve procedure, you'll receive the same excellent treatment from Dr. Michael Feiz, a highly respected and skilled surgeon. Both of these operations yield results that stand the test of time, and are critical for improving the quality of life for someone suffering with severe obesity. Recent studies consistently support evidence that patients who experience successful bariatric surgery dramatically reduce their chances of developing these life threating conditions. In addition, as a direct result of weight loss from weight loss surgery, many patients who have certain illness like diabetes even have those conditions go into remission. Whether you're interested in receiving bariatric surgery for the first time, or are in need of adjusting a previous operation through lap band revision surgery, Dr. Feiz is the go-to choice for world class treatment. The journey to a healthier you begins with a first step, and our team will help you get there. Whether you're in need of band to sleeve procedure, or a Lap Band Dr. Feiz has the resources and the talent to deliver.


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a Lifetime
As a team we have made a financial comitment to our goal, this means that whatever you purchase on this page, 100% of the money you spend will go directly toward fighting breast cancer!
Please visit our Cafe Press store at www.CafePress.com/ItsMyBattleCry to view more of our awesome merchandise! Again, 100% of what we make is committed to our team goal and fighting breast cancer!
If you would like to purchase one of the shirts viewed below please email us at our contact page to place your order and to check on size availably as we are running low on stock in these two items. If you are interested in ordering a paracord lanyard or key ring we ask that you also email us to place an order specifying style and color.
All of our shirts have the same design on the back, as seen here:
It reads as follows:
Every THREE minutes
a woman is diagnosed with breast cancer
Lets do something about it!
Arizona Breast Cancer 3 Day
|got boobs?
Ask it loud and proud, you got 'em? Protect 'em! Front is pictured here, back is pictured above. 100% Cotton, Machine washable, and pre-shrunk. Sizes S through XXL.
|every THREE minutes ...
It happens on average every 3 minutes, lets do something about it! Front is pictured here, back is pictured above. 100% Cotton, Machine washable, and pre-shrunk. Sizes S through XXL.


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Sworn to secrecy. G-14 classified. Top Secret and this message will self-destruct.
Every manager has been stuck between the proverbial rock and hard place when it comes to "sharing" information. We all (hopefully) know when to share and when not to…employee personal health info, investigation-worthy stuff, etc., but when should we break that code? When is it ok to let some people know what's going on in the office or org and when is it not?
There's no concrete rule of course, as every situation is different. But I will tell you this Mr./Ms. Leader, the respect that your employees have or don't have for you can all be hinged on how you make this call. I'll go as far as saying that knowing when to hold or fold them is one true trait of a leader that can't necessarily be taught, as that type of discernment must already be apart of that leader's DNA. If it's not, then you need trusted counsel that knows the climate of the organization and can partner and guide you though this delicate time. If you don't have that type of Business Partner, then dang it, you just need to take the chance.
When info affects your team directly…
Are you leaving, being promoted, being demoted, re-organizing, changing direction? Well, while the people reporting to you shouldn't necessarily be privy to every little detail surrounding a change, it's best to at least communicate the basics 1) before they find out from someone else that isn't as concerned about keep secrets as you or 2) being totally blindsided when you could have given them a heads up.
Trust and communication go hand in hand. Can't have one without the other. Weak managers feel that employee engagement is all about delivering happy messages and trying to keep a smile on everyone's face. On the contrary; however, engagement comes from people believing that you can deliver the good and the bad news, with the ability to keep enough not to give away all of the plans but enough so that employees will know what they need to do to roll with it or to roll out gracefully and how they fit into the plan.
Information hoarders end up with no one that's willing to listen when they do decide to talk…to anything at anytime. So while you're sitting in that meeting having classified info funneled into your head, be sure that strategy and how, when and who to communicate it is at the top of the priority list. If it's not, the original intent of the news can fall flat and never make it off the ground. Buy-in can make or break your office, and transparency, fairness and discernment is the glue that will keep it all together.


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In 1837, Catholic priest Father John Joseph Therry [1790-1864] received a land grant of 47 acres in an area called 'Bark Huts' [now Strathfield South]. Therry was a prominent figure in the establishment of the Catholic Church in the early colony. Fr Therry's intention was to create a village with a Catholic Church at its' centre. Though this plan was never fully implemented as land was subdivided and sold to pay for the building of St Ann's Church, the village square conceived by Fr Therry is still in evidence today.
The church stands in centre of the village square and was built between 1859-64. The streets of the Village of St Anne's were named for prominent ecclesiastics of the time. The current St Anne's Church was built in 1966.
© Cathy Jones 2005. This article is subject to copyright and may not be reproduced without permission of the author.


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Au's Acupuncture and Herb Clinic
4070 Monterey Road
San Jose, CA 95111
Phone: (408) 363-8388
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Or use our contact form.
Open Monday to Saturday
9:30 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
Sunday Closed
New Website
Check out our new website for information about us and all of our services.
All messages


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Hosted by Authorized RUPES Distributor, CarCandy Automotive Detail Products, and led by RUPES Southwest Area Sales Manager, Alberto Quiroscabrera, this training session will focus on the performance benefits and proper use of the BigFoot random orbital polishing system with a focus on the soon to be released LHR21 and LHR15 Mark III tools along with a basic understanding of the LK900E Mille gear driven polisher and the LH19E rotary.
The class will feature a combination of both classroom theory and hands-on training with the BigFoot polishing system. Each attendee will also receive a Rupes Certificate of Completion direct from Rupes USA!
This event is limited to 20 students, so book early to reserve your spot!
When: Monday April 1, 2019 from 9am-4pm
Location: CarCandy Training Facility- 4860 Drane Field Rd, Lakeland, FL 33811
Class Fee: $100 per person which includes a $50 voucher to use towards ANY Rupes products the day of the event. Breakfast and Lunch will be provided.


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A superior padded black single rider seat with ribbed stitched detailing and finished with contrasting white piping.
Additional information:
- Features embroidered Triumph logo
- Also available in brown.
For all non-bikes, delivery is FREE on all baskets over £75. Under £75 we charge a flat rate of £6 to any address in the UK including Northern Ireland for a signed for, 24 hour courier (assuming the item in in stock for immediate dispatch).
We don't ship outside of the UK yet - sorry.
Other than bikes, you have up to 90 days to return your goods if they are unused for any reason. Please refer to our returns policy by clicking here.
We're in the process of changing our finance providers and online solution. Please contact the shop directly if you want finance on any of our clothing and we'll be able to process an application with Santander on your behalf over the phone.
Finance is subject to status and affordability checks, and credit agency searches. We're a broker, not a lender.