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11 Solar Systems and 26 New Planets Found
11 Solar Systems and 26 New Planets Found! NASA's Kepler mission has discovered 11 new planetary systems - hosting 26 confirmed planets. These discoveries nearly double the number of verified planets and triple the number oRead MoreLeave a Comment
Astronomy Without A Telescope
Astronomy Without A Telescope As hobbies go, astronomy has a tough reputation. Too hard, too expensive is what I often hear. The problem is simply that people often start on the wrong foot. In particular, they imagine that theRead MoreView Comments (1)
Voice of 'Lost in Space' Robot Dies
Voice of 'Lost in Space' Robot Dies Will Robinson is on his own when he gets out of "danger" from now on. Dick Tufeld, whose vocal talents gave life to the Robot on the 1960s sci-fi classic "Lost in Space," dieRead MoreView Comments (2)
Space Adventures Planning For Lunar Tourism
Space Adventures Planning For Lunar Tourism Eric Anderson, 37, is the founder of Space Adventures, a company that acts as the middleman for rich people who want to go to space and the Russian space program that sells the seatRead MoreView Comments (9)
NASA's Manned Mission to Venus Scrubbed
NASA's Manned Mission to Venus Scrubbed In the mid-1960s, before any Apollo hardware had flown with a crew, NASA was looking ahead and planning its next major programs. It was a bit of a challenge. After all, how do you top laRead MoreLeave a Comment
Largest Solar Storm Hit Earth Since 2003
Largest Solar Radiation Storm Since 2003 Now isn't this interesting! I appeared on the ABC's program 'Star Stuff' a year or so back and made an announcement that the upcoming solar max and the period leading up to it wouldRead MoreLeave a Comment
Our 'Astronomy Nights' Still Thrill
Our Astronomy Nights Still Thrill. Last Tuesday night we had a fantastic night! A large crowd of people from 4 states and one overseas visitor enjoyed a 90 minute presentation and astro viewing by Astro Dave at our regularRead MoreView Comments (1)
Who Owns Space History?
Who Owns Space History? In Lovell's case, the checklist is so valuable because it contains Lovell's hand written calculations he used to navigate the crippled Apollo 13 spacecraft after its oxygen tank exploded. That'sRead MoreView Comments (2)
Earth Probably Has Two Moons
Earth Probably Has Two Moons As residents of Earth, we've grown accustomed to having just one moon. Let Saturn and its 62 moons be the solar system's showboat; that just leaves us on this planet to enjoy our single natural sateRead MoreLeave a Comment
NASA Designing a Comet Harpoon
NASA Designing a Comet Harpoon Comets are a source of endless fascination for astronomers. Those frozen balls of ice and dust could hold key information about the origin of the planets in our solar system, and of life itself.Read MoreLeave a Comment
What Happens When The Sun Dies?
What Happens When The Sun Dies? Our solar system is about 4.6 billion years old, counting from the time the Sun fully developed onwards. Still, someday, things will change, and the Sun will eventually reach the end of its burniRead MoreView Comments (2)
What To Do When Stuff Falls From The Sky
What To Do When Stuff Falls From The Sky In the past six months, it seems something has fallen from the sky every second minute. In September, the UARS satellite re-entered the Earth's atmosphere, causing a media frenzy. InRead MoreLeave a Comment
Proposal Would Keep Calendar Same Every Year
Proposal Would Keep Calendar Same Every Year Each year, Jan. 1 falls on a different day of the week, and the entire following year shifts accordingly. Schools, sports teams, businesses and banks spend many hours and millionsRead MoreLeave a Comment
Did the U.S. Kill the Ill-Fated Russian Mars Probe?
Did the U.S. Kill the Ill-Fated Russian Mars Probe? It sounds like a storyline lifted straight from the plot of a James Bond movie: The Russians launch a probe to Mars but, inexplicably, the spacecraft goes silent just as itRead MoreLeave a Comment
Psychic Fails On National TV
Psychic Fails On National TV Video: Psychic Char Margolis claims she has special gifts to see spirits, read thoughts and predict the future. We think that about covers what goes wrong with this segment on WGN Morning News. LaRead MoreLeave a Comment
Vote for Enabling City Kids to See Starry Skies
Vote for Enabling City Kids to See Starry Skies Now here's a refreshing idea: create a "dark sky oasis" in suburban locations where city-dwellers can gather to see the stars and learn about the night sky. The InternationalRead MoreView Comments (1)


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You are hereHome ›
Vadnais Heights City Council approves new park and ride facility
In a 3-2 vote, the Vadnais Heights City Council approved an application submitted by Metro Transit for a site plan, special use permit and preliminary plat to build a commuter bus park and ride facility at 850 East County Road E. Council members Terry Nyblom and Craig Johnson voted against the motion at the March 5 council meeting.
A 300-space surface parking lot will be built just east of Wal-Mart and west of Interstate 35E. The park and ride facility will include a widened shoulder along I-35E with a waiting station, where express buses will pick up and drop off passengers on their way to and from downtown St. Paul.
City planning consultant William Weber said five southbound buses would arrive from the park and ride facility in Lino Lakes during the morning commute between approximately 6:30 and 8:30. In the afternoon and early evening, five northbound buses from downtown St. Paul would drop off passengers between approximately 3:30 and 5:30. The buses will run Monday through Friday.
Metro Transit planner Julie Quinn said Vadnais Heights' new park and ride and the Lino Lakes park and ride will replace four smaller facilities in the north metro. The park and ride facilities to be closed are located at the Cub Foods in White Bear Township, the White Bear Township 17 Theatre, the White Bear Lake Shopping Center and Saint Genevieve Catholic Church in Centerville. Construction of the park and ride facility is scheduled to start in June and be completed in November.
— Joshua Nielsen

subset: commoncrawl


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American Dirtbags
An instant cult-classic! Americans Dirtbags is the story of six lovable degenerates traveling through the Atlanta subculture making one horrible choice after another. The consequences of their sins are always hilarious and sometimes tragic. A truly dark comedy that will have you laughing when you shouldn't and questioning the real definition of "bad people."
Starring Donnell Rawlings, Chris Franjola, Jim Florentine
Director Bob Place


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Coupon websites change their coupons throughout the month, but most of them make major changes at the beginning of each month. With that in mind, here's a list of printable coupons for October 2011 that I think you'll be interested in.
- Sweet Home Farms Granola $1/2
- Yoplait (can be used on simply Gogurt) $.75/2
- Fleischman's Pizza Crust Yeast $.40/1
- Scotch-Brite $.75/1 (can be used on "greener cleaner" product)
- Stonyfield 4-pack yo-yogurts $.75/1
- Clif ZBar 6-pack $1/1
- Clif Crunch $1/1
- Organic Valley Milk $.75/1
- Rudi's Organic Bakery $.75/1
- R.W. Knudson Juice $1/1
- Organic Valley Creamer $.75/1
- Organic Valley Orange Juice $1/1
- Lundberg Family Farms Pasta $.75/1
- Country Choice Organic Product $1/1
- Truvia $.75/1
- Wholly Guacamole $1/1
- You need to have a Upromise account, and you need to register your shopper card so the coupon will be embedded in the card. No paper coupon will print.
- Diamond Sea Salt - $.35/1
- Diamond Kosher Salt - $.35/1
All of these coupons are ready to print. You don't need to sign up for any newsletters, provide personal information, or jump through any other hoops.
- Earth's Best – Various coupons on organic baby food, infant formula and more
- Garden of Eatin - $1 off any bag of chips
- Imagine Foods - $1 of any two products
- Newman's Own – Various coupons a several Newman's Own products
- Organic Valley - Various coupons a several Organic Valley products
- Seeds of Change - $1 off any Seeds of Change Certified Organic product
- Simply Organic – Eight different coupons for spices, dip mixes and more
For more manufacturers that offer online coupons, but make you jump through a couple of hoops for them, check out Where to find coupons for natural and organic products.


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This (above) is the t-shirt. Why not?
Detroit Rock City is out and there are stories in there that my pal and fellow traveler Tim Caldwell has picked up on and carried away. He writes stories fed by experience and knowledge – which only occasionally are mutually exclusive – in a stream-of-brain feed fashion. All readable and filled with insight. Try this:
did jack/joker bob 'the knob/blob' madigan de-throne the king of shock rock alice cooper when he approached the rock star with a vial containing an aborted human fetus and asked him to autograph it? {to his credit (!?) i believe ac did sign the dead baby jar}. would this mean the man known for inventing shock rock theatrics held onto the title or thereby passed it onto a hard core gg allin fan mainly known for hooking up folks to a hand crank generator & giving the chain of hand holding fools in audience a collective jolt, his human ostrich side show talent of swallowing and regurgitating items, and fronting bands (slaughterhouse/cum dumpster) that made flipper sound like speed freaks in comparison? best, when one of madigan's hooligan band members let it be known they were going to gift me with a fetus/embryo i responded while one one level i could appreciate the inverse logic / symbolic gesture of an unborn gifted as a birthday present i graciously had to decline the offer as in good conscience could not accept the gift unless the proud folks who conceived it were the givers…
In the book, the great band Slaughterhouse gets a mention – vocalist Bob Madigan's love of pig porn, specifically – so that is the Bob that Tim refers to. The band was always surrounded by fringe players who should have all become famous in one way or another. More from Tim:
was thinking about madigan's band c.d. (appropriate acronym if i ever heard one) after re-reading drc. their second best show* i saw was at the red door after hours (former club house space). the band and a good portion of the audience were tripping. rachel nagy and cara lundgren (daughter of grande ballroom artist carl) were still like 17-19 yr old strippers (at silver cricket on mich by telegraph among other venues**). they both roomed at the monroe manor next to bronx bar. the gals were 1/2 to nearly naked while the band cum dumpster played their heavy dirges (to my mind sounding like a slower version of that groaning/droning vanilla fudge beatles cover) . they were psychedelic style body painting each other. there was dim lighting, maybe a strobe and gelled can or two, as one could thereby create moody atmosphere on the cheap. the ladies also cavorted in the shower with a large glass door situated in the middle of the room. that figured in their dance/grope fest perf ,too. steve shaw and joe s. took photos.
Then he refers to chatter in the book from a couple of players.
nawara and livingstone were right in their assessments of the excruciating power of the band to instill fear n loathing. their credo seemed to have been borrowed from flipper- we suffered for our art/ now it's your turn.
{max bummer stoner rock- the cheech & chong routine shtick about playing black sabbath at 16 rpm.s on 'cid & seeing god or satan in their case}
rachel used to be a butcher so her mentioning the stiletto in a dudes crotch would've been a serious threat. dress em out like a thanksgiving turkey and stuff their giblets in maw.
have you ever witnessed up close that mischievous/ maniacal glint in her eyes?
the cobras second performance was at the old miami after a dally in the alley. i showed a sound 16mm film clip of bessie smith before the band went on. that would set the bar pretty high intimidating many people but not rachel & co. when i complimented her on her performance she said 'yeah tim, you see i'm not just a whhhooooorrreee' cracking me up. she's a great performer, a classic beauty, sweetheart who'd as soon kiss ya as spit on ya &/or stick ya.***
the timmy v. mention of her having mooned the audience and writing on cheeks made me recall the post wedding reception (kev monroe) party of at the euclid tavern in spudville,oh. the cobras performed and she grabbed zoot's mgr. aaron anderson and jammed his face in her ass (with clothes on) whilst on all 4's onstage. at the end of the night it was the detroiters dressed in wedding formal finery vs the local yokels territorial stand off. And finally, Tim refers to a point in the book in which John Brannon talks about living near Michael Davis from the MC5 in Ann Arbor.
that chick that lived with hyenas on platt road that went out with mike davis was real odd. weird passive aggressive dead pan vibe. she had blunt cut bangs a long ass dark mane and wore a bullet belt like her dishonorably discharged guitar army/ trans love beau. pretty sure she was in a band called dog soldier. larissa and john were annoyed that she kept a dead pet parrot or parakeet in the freezer. through winter ,spring and summer refusing to plant it.
The best thing about getting anything from Tim is that it's true, no need for embellishment. He's part of Detroit Rock City with an eye for reality, and likely has more stories than anyone.


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Yiwu's daily floating population is above 200,000,boost the development of hotel industry.There are thousands of hotels distributing at the downtown.And among them there are 3 hotels under five-stars standard,9 hotels under four-stars standard and 11 hotels under three-stars standard. Yiwu Tian heng hotel ☆☆☆☆☆TianHeng Hotel is founded according to five-stars standard and furnished with the
Yiwu Railway Station 12 trains the Opening Time Changes
From Yiwu Railway Station yesterday morning, the reporter learned that in order to optimize the passenger train, according to the existing passenger train load factor, the Shanghai Railway Bureau adjust part of the passenger train from 00:00 on March 20th. In these changed trains, adjust passenger train operation section. Nanjing south to West Jinhua D5661
Yiwu import export
Yiwu import export Maybe you are a businessman in your country who owns one or some stores. You are thinking about getting more profits, so you would like to purchase commodities in lower price and good quality. How about search Yiwu import export? You will have your plan. Yiwu is not a big city, however,


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PCH is always looking for volunteers!
PCH is a non-profit organization run by three dedicated moms who donate their time and resources to bringing fun and educational opportunities to the homeschooling families of this beautiful county and beyond. We do a lot and we're glad to do it! But sometimes, we could use a little extra help.
How to Volunteer
Email us at email@example.com and let us know which area you'd like to volunteer for! We look forward to serving with you.
How can you help?
Collect & Organize Photos
Every event we have, we try to take photos. We have a volunteer who will be creating a year-book for us this year, but we are hoping to ease her burden by having someone else gather and organize the photos that are shared on FB and beyond into folders on our Google drive. It shouldn't take more than a few minutes each week. If this sounds like something you'd like to do, please let us know!
Help Out On Facebook
There's a LOT involved with promoting our events and something we haven't been great at in the past is consistently getting our events posted as Facebook Events. We would love it if you would be able to look at the schedule on our website and use that information to create Facebook Events on our FB page that link to the events on our website. Again, this should take just a few minutes per week if you commit to posting two events each week.
Be Our "Box Tops" Coordinator
We are about to be able to participate in the "Boxtops for Education" program and we would love to have one mom in charge of coordinating that effort. You'd be tracking submissions from each family, learning the rules of the BTFE program, and making sure PCH fulfills all of the requirements and disperses the funds appropriately. We will help wherever you need us to! You will not be alone! 🙂 But we would appreciate you taking the lead on this program to help it be the most successful we can make it.
Be a Fundraiser Coordinator
This is another position where you wouldn't be left all alone, but you would be the one taking the lead on things and encouraging participation, etc. We've been most successful with your donut fundraisers through Krispy Kreme. We are open to other ideas, though, and have no problem helping you make amazing things happen.
Be a back-up teacher
Sandra here. I've been teaching nearly every class since PCH started and I don't mind at all. I LOVE IT! 🙂 I love your kids and the topics are, well, fun! I have only missed ONE DAY in the last 2 1/2 years (it was due to an intense migraine that kept me stuck in bed!) and while I hope to continue this trend, the odds aren't really in my favor. 🙂 So I would sincerely love to have someone be a back-up teacher that I can call on in an emergency. If you know me at all, you know that it is really unlikely that I WOULD call you, but I'd love to have that peace of mind… You have to love kids, have lots of enthusiasm when teaching a lesson, etc.
Preschool Activity Coordinator
Our families often bring along toddlers and preschoolers who want to participate right along with their siblings. Of course, most of our projects don't work for them. We'd love to have one mom in charge of creating a bin or two of fun things for preschoolers to do while their family is enjoying the lesson of the day. Coordinate with other moms to collect things toddlers and preschoolers would love to play with, and help out by bringing some of these toys out during lesson and making sure they are cleaned up at the end. 🙂 You could also plan simple art activities if you'd like!
See a need?
Do you see us struggling somewhere that you think you can help with? LET US KNOW!
How to Volunteer
Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com and let us know which area you'd like to volunteer for! We look forward to serving with you.


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Hi Brian,
You can change it, when You open the recording-settings-menu and go to
source. There You can change internal Mic and line-in.
And the recording-screen is nice to use, because it has only four
1. is volume
2. is the line-in levol for the stereo
3. ist left input level
4. ist right input level
With the up and down keys You can select the parameters.
with right and left You can change the level.
When You want to go out of recordingscreen You must press the stop button.
Start a recording with the record button.
Hope it helps now.
Received on Fri Jul 7 08:07:50 2006


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Australia's first online car magazine
Issue 64 - McLaren P1 GTR2
Issue 64 - McLaren P1 GTR3
Issue 64 - McLaren P1 GTR4
Issue 64 - McLaren P1 GTR
Issue 64 - McLaren P1 GTR3
Issue 62 - Abarth 595 '50th Anniversary'
Issue 62 - Abarth 595 '50th Anniversary'
Issue 50 - Renault Twin'Run concept
Issue 50 - Renault Twin'Run concept
5 - 9
GoAuto's monthly magazine; sometimes irreverent, always creative and not afraid to have a good time
The Philips Motor Monthly magazine, under various mastheads, has been published for car enthusiasts for nearly 10 years.
It is GoAuto's monthly look at the creativity of car designers and automotive engineers around the world with an eye for the superb and a watching brief for the zany.
We scour the motoring world and haunt the motor show calendars looking for cars that break the envelope either in the areas of sheer beauty and engineering excellence or break the mirror in terms of "whatever were they thinking".
It has a loyal band of regular followers who enjoy the more light-hearted nature of the content combined with the inspired sculptures of the automotive artists who reside in the secret halls of the car makers worldwide.
GoAuto was the first publisher in Australia to turn the PDF on its side and create story spreads across the page in a magazine style.
The publication started life using using videos in picture placeholders and TV commercials nested in the advertising pages as a demonstration of what was going to be possible in publishing as print car magazines run out of steam.
~ Click thumbnail for preview ~
PO Box 18
Sandringham VIC 3191
Ph: 61 3 9598 6477
Fax: 61 3 9521 0264


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Have you been lied to or falsely accused? We can help. Book your test now.
Australian Polygraph & Lie Detector Services conduct lie detector and truth verification services in Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide, Brisbane, and Hobart for any member of the public.
Do you need answers? We give you answers and peace of mind that will end the pain and heartache. We provide truth verification and lie detection services worldwide for all issues including: homicides, thefts, frauds, fidelity & trust issues, sexual assaults, domestic disputes, false allegations, insurance matters, sexual harassment cases and dispute resolution. Australian Polygraph Services utilise the latest in computerised polygraph technology and provide the best value and lowest prices in the market. We get results FAST whilst providing peace of mind that will end the pain and heartache. Fast, efficient and cost effective. Don't suffer any longer. Call us for a free consultation now.
"If we had done this test earlier it would have saved a lot of pain & anguish!"
Results within 10 minutes after testing
We have been used by 60 Minutes, Sunday Night, A Current Affair, Today Tonight and various media outlets throughout Australia and New Zealand to provide lie detection services, truth verification & polygraph testing on numerous high profile cases including;
We can give you a result in less than 10 minutes after testing! We provide closure and peace of mind. Need the truth call us NOW!
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We provide peace of mind and closure
We accept major credit cards or electronic transfers
Highly trained, certified and qualified examiners
The first Australian Polygraph Company established in 1997
A wealth of experience in all areas of polygraph testing
Conducted polygraph testing for 76 homicide cases
Consulted by the media in numerous high profile cases
If you want answers we provide peace of mind. Call now!
Professional, experienced and discreet
I can't recommend Australian Polygraph Services highly enough. I was falsely accused and now I have proof that I was telling the truth!
Australian Polygraph Services are professional and highly credentialed I would highly recommend them to anyone
Our matter just continued to fester for years. I just wish we did this earlier
Well worth the price. Now I have closure & peace of mind
Thank you once again Steve for your utmost professionalism and empathy to our situation. This polygraph test has proven invaluable in helping me resolve some confusing and frustrating issues in my mind. I was so appreciative that you made my partner feel relaxed!


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The fiction that I am most attracted to serves Italo Calvino's definition of the existential function of literature as being "the search for lightness as a reaction to the weight of living." I think this is because my childhood and many of its accordant memories were (are) such a weight upon my spirit that I have spent my entire life trying to crawl out from beneath. When I think of writing, I think of a sense of release, as if the images/thoughts/feelings transfer from my soul to the paper to the air we breathe in a mysterious, ethereal manner. I picture my words like feathers or autumn-colored leaves lifted by a stiff wind and carried to a distant place: A place of tranquility, where sorrows can rest and cease to haunt.
Grief is heavy. Have you ever noticed someone in the midst of intense grief? Their posture reflects the burden placed upon them. Only during our dreamtime are we free, so that when we awake in the morning, we feel light. We have momentarily forgotten our seemingly unendurable reality. If you have recently lost someone, you know those pleasurable beginnings of each day when the possibility that that person is here on earth, where you are, swims before you.
Our spirits are free of our earthly bodies, planted by gravity, to wander the heavens. Have you ever felt a departed loved one's presence and how over time, their spirit moves away, moves to another reality? In James Agee's A Death in the Family, the family is visited by their recently departed loved one; they feel his spirit move through the house. Lightness is movement.
Virginia Woolf claimed that her parents were an obsession of hers until she captured them in To the Lighthouse. Is this why some of us are writers? Is it our purpose sometimes to capture, to bring back to life, those that have left? When my father passed, I couldn't escape the disturbing thought that he was utterly gone and what remained of him was in a photograph, a document, a worn baseball cap. This person that took up so much of my life and my heart now took up zero space on earth. Can our lives be reduced down to a few things that could be destroyed in a fire or a flood or lost to decay? Aren't we all searching for immortality?
Life is messy, muddy, sticky, heavy at times. In fiction, we primarily don't concern ourselves with the times in life when joy is pervasive. If there is no conflict in a story, we aren't interested. We already know how to survive those times that are gifts: those happy moments. What we're never sure of is how to get through the times that make us feel as if we are Sisyphus pushing an enormous boulder up a difficult mountainside. After all, we could lose our grip and be crushed beneath the boulder.
There has to be an element of lightness imparted to a work that has as its core a topic that none of us wants to push up the hill. Otherwise, the piece is too difficult to read. Lightness is not a happy ending or an insincere revelation that life is peachy or a decision to ignore pain, discomfort, sorrow. It is a technique in which the author: lightens language (the texture seems weightless), narrates with subtle and imperceptible elements or abstraction, and/or uses visual images with emblematic value.
I know that I am searching for lightness as a reaction to the weight of the life I have lived. I am searching for it in my own writing and in the literature I read. I think most people are.


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Moving to the DS provided the developers with an opportunity to right wrongs with the easily justifiable excuse of needing to cater to the hardware. Did they step to the challenge? Justin Potts of NoMoreGameBlogs gives an in-depth look after playing hands on with the newest Kingdom Hearts game.
I have no opinion on the game itself, but...what the hell kind of title is "358/2 Days"? How do you even say this?
Ouch, reading this preview just re-inforce some of my fears. In another thread I was expressing some reservations about a sequel to Okami being made for the DS because I could not see the 3D exploration and action working as well because of the lack of thumbstick. Someone said that Kingdom Hearts 358/2 was doing it so I had some hope but now reading this preview, I may have been right with my initial thoughts. When in doubt, rent do not buy.


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Words that end in gnaster
Found 1 words that end in gnaster. Browse our Scrabble Word Finder, Words With Friends cheat dictionary, and WordHub word solver to find words that end with gnaster. Or use our Unscramble word solver to find your best possible play! Related: Words containing gnaster
- Scrabble
- Words With Friends
- WordHub
- Crossword


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Contact Us
We are located in East Bloomington near the intersection of Veterans and Washington, about two blocks south of Jim's Steak House.
If you want to talk to us about your business needs, come vist us! If it's an upgrade or repair to your server, computer, laptop, or network, we can fix it right the first time. Give us a call or send us an email using the form below!
209 South Prospect Road, Suite 3 | Bloomington, Illinois 61704


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Text in social networking Web sites: A word frequency analysis of Live Spaces
by Mike Thelwall
Social networking sites are owned by a wide section of society and seem to dominate Web usage. Despite much research into this phenomenon, little systematic data is available. This article partially fills this gap with a pilot text analysis of one social networking site, Live Spaces. The text in 3,071 Englishlanguage Live Spaces sites was monitored daily for six months and word frequency statistics calculated and compared with those from the British National Corpus. The results confirmed the existence of common domainspecific words and a marked personal focus. Unexpectedly, however, there was no evidence of an unusual degree of experimentation with new words or word spellings — perhaps this behaviour is limited to other social networking environments. Also surprising was the existence of a marked male gender bias in the most commonly used words. This was probably caused by a significant number of newsrelated discussions involving predominantly male politicians and other male public figures.
Literature review
Research hypotheses
Results and analysis
Social networking spaces are Web sites that allow members to create their own personal Web profile and to discover and connect to other members through that profile. One example is MySpace.com, which apparently surpassed Google as the most visited Web site by U.S. users at the end of 2006 (Prescott, 2007). MySpace is one of the more informal social networking sites, with users who are primarily young, and with profiles typically including a 'cool' personal photograph, a pop song, a set of photographs of friends and funny messages from some of those friends (and pop groups). Other popular social networking sites include Facebook (emphasising students), LinkedIn (for business networking) and Digg (for news discovery).
This article focuses on general social networking sites like MySpace and Live Spaces. These are linguistically interesting because they encourage new forms of communication. In fact, there are multiple communication modes, particularly between people who are connected as friends within a site. These modes include the following:
- Friend messages. These are effectively email messages sent to registered friends and typically use an interface that encourages short messages.
- Wall postings, friend comments or testimonials. These are public messages placed on a friends Web profile page. This form of posting was apparently invented by early Friendster users (boyd, 2007a).
- Comments are publicly visible messages attached to a picture or video on a friends site, although this terminology is also used for wall postings.
In addition to the above, there are onetomany communication forms such as blog postings, personal statements and biographical details on the profile page and descriptions of any videos or pictures posted. Thus, social networking sites are a complex multimedia, multimodal communication environment, designed to facilitate interactions amongst friends and which presumably generate a range of evolving communication registers that combine aspects of text messaging, email and spoken styles.
It is important to research social networking language, not just as a widespread aspect of culture, but also to be able to teach it to English learners and to support and understand its use amongst children and young adults. Linguistic insights may also help to address current concerns about the amount of time that children spend online interacting with friends. This article focuses on one aspect of social network communication: onetomany messages in blogs or photo sets. This restricted choice was made for technical reasons, described below. The British National Corpus was selected as a baseline for comparison and Microsoft Live Spaces was chosen as the social networking site, again for technical reasons described below. The research question is explanatory: Which are the main ways that Windows Live Spaces blogging and photograph comments differ from standard and Web English, from a word frequency perspective?
Literature review
This research applies techniques from corpus linguistics to social networking, perhaps for the first time. Hence this literature review covers both content: social networking research; and methods: corpus linguistics.
Social networking
Research into social networks so far has tended to be qualitative, using ethnographic or similar approaches to gain insights into the culture of social networking, particularly with regard to teenage users. This research has been particularly useful for the way that it has addressed concerns raised by those in the media and elsewhere that have made false interpretations through superficial readings of the technology. The key concept of friend for example, does not match well with its widely used offline meaning. Users of social networking sites typically become friends by one sending a friend request and the other accepting it. Friendship confers to a set of rights, such as permission to view a full profile, to send a message, to post comments and to view photographs and blog entries. A users friends are normally listed on their home page, or on additional pages if there are too many.
The various social networking sites all have their own unique features or orientations. For example, MySpace emphasises music, Facebook originated in U.S. colleges, blackplanet.com targets a black U.S. audience and gaiaonline.com focuses on manga and roleplay. As such, it would be reasonable to expect significantly different user demographics. For example, it seems that Facebook users tend to be richer and better educated than MySpace members (boyd, 2007b). This and the tendency for social networking behaviour to evolve over time and for users to flock to different sites means that it is difficult to give general and definitive statements about social networking. Nevertheless, some research has yielded useful insights.
Users view friendship in different ways, ranging from equivalent to offline friendship to a totally meaningless relationship (boyd, 2006; Fono and RaynesGoldie, 2006). This can cause conflict when two friends have different interpretations and act within their own understandings. In such a situation one may be seen as betraying the friendship bond whilst the other is taking things too seriously. Nevertheless, it seems to be the case that most social networkers view friending as weaker than offline friendship, for example accepting friendship requests to avoid giving offence (boyd, 2006). Moreover, within friendships there can be hierarchies: for example, a persons closest friends could be listed on their home page with the remainder on other pages (boyd, 2006).
One of the few quantitative social network studies is a largescale analysis of Facebook traffic (Golder, et al., 2007). This showed that most Facebook friends were members of the same college and also that most messages were exchanged between people sharing a college. It seems that Facebook use was built into the daily routines of students and Facebook messaging was often used as part of normal offline friendships. This might be seen as surprising since one of the advantages of social networking sites is their support for long distance and more casual friendships, for example, between former classmates attending different colleges.
Corpus Linguistics
The field of corpus linguistics (McEnery and Wilson, 2001) is concerned with the construction and analysis of large bodies of language (corpora). Perhaps the most famous is the British National Corpus (BNC), which consists of a wide variety of genres of English language text (Burnard, 1995). Although predominantly containing written text, from novels to newspapers, it also contains some transcribed spoken language. Language corpora are useful sources of usage evidence, particularly for language teaching (Jaworski, 1990). For example, a list of the most frequent words a representative corpus could form the starting point for a core vocabulary for second language teaching. Similarly, corpora can be queried for examples of text containing any word (concordances) so that students can identify appropriate use contexts. A drawback of corpora, however, is that they can take a long time to construct and can continue in use after some of their language is obsolete. A partial solution to this problem is to use the Web itself as a corpus, at least for concordances (Kilgarriff and Grefenstette, 2003; Meyer, et al., 2003).
A second type of corpus linguistics analysis, one that relates closely to the current paper, is comparative. If at least two corpora are available, or a corpus naturally divides into separate sections, then it may be useful to compare language use between them. For example, previous studies have compared nineteenth century letter writing styles by gender (Geisler, 2003), spoken against written English in universities (Biber, 2003) and Indian against British English (Hosali, 1991). The purpose of such investigations can be linguistic, in the sense of finding out how language works, or nonlinguistic, for instance investigating gender divisions in society. Although there are many different ways by which the language can be compared across two corpora, one simple method is to compare word frequencies.
Word frequency analysis start by recording the number of times that each word occurs in the corpus. The distribution of these word frequencies is known to normally follow a Zipfian distribution (Zipf, 1949) or power law (Lotka, 1926; Thelwall, 2005a, 2005b) with a few words being very common and many words being rare. The classic shape of this distribution (see Figure 1) is consistent with a simple model of language use which posits that copying forms an important part of language. This implies that there is a positive feedback loop in language with people tending to use words that they have heard or read most often in the past. Comparing frequency distributions can be useful in two ways. First, differences in the rank order of the most common words illuminates stylistic differences. For example I is more usual in spoken than written English, although it is common in both. Second, any deviations from a perfect power law distribution indicate some kind of external stress on the language. For example a corpus of legal documents may be stressed by the necessity to repeatedly use official legal jargon. Both of these methods are used in this article.
Research hypotheses
The following four hypotheses drive this pilot study:
- Low frequency words will be unusually common in Live Spaces due to spelling mistakes and invented words.
- There will be a set of common domainspecific words related to Live Spaces features.
- In comparison to BNC English, text in Live Spaces will be more focused in the present and less in the past.
- In comparison to BNC English, text in Live Spaces will be more focused on the authors and their personal relationships.
- In comparison to BNC English, text in Live Spaces will be genderneutral.
In order to obtain reliable word frequency statistics from social networking sites, a large number must be monitored for an extended period of time. Some sites have a feature that allows this monitoring to be conducted efficiently in terms of minimising the total download size needed. This feature is the Rich Site Summary/Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feed (Hammersley, 2005), which contains the most recently updated content on a site. In order to identify all of the content posted to a site it is sufficient to periodically check its RSS feed without having to repeatedly download and check the entire site.
Unfortunately there is no complete list of social networking sites from which a genuinely random sample could be selected for monitoring, instead search engine searches were used to create as large a list as possible of feeds from which to sample. For this, Windows Live searches were used because this search engine supports the feed: command to identify feeds. We submitted 10,000 feed searches using random midfrequency words from blogs. The combined results included over 100,000 unique URLs, with a majority coming from Windows Live Spaces. Windows Live Search seemed to have particularly good coverage of Live Spaces, perhaps even comprehensive coverage, and hence it was chosen as the sole social network site for this research. From the set of Live Spaces feeds we selected 26,953 at random (the strange number is due to rejecting inactive feeds). These were then monitored daily for six months using the Mozdeh RSS monitoring software. The feed data was parsed to remove all of the XML and HTML tags as well as all URLs. The English language feeds were identified through first separating out nonASCII feeds and then using the bigram method of language identification on the remainder (Cavnar and Trenkle, 1994). This was chosen in preference to the common words method, which is less effective on small quantities of text (Grefenstette, 1995). The feeds were then manually checked, which removed about 200 incorrectly classified feeds and left 3,071 Live Spaces. A word frequency list was built from the tagfree text of these 3,071 Live Spaces.
For comparison purposes word frequency lists from the British National Corpus (BNC) and from U.K. university Web sites in 2003 were used from a previous article (Thelwall, 2005b). Neither of these are ideal as comparative corpora since Live Spaces members are presumably mainly from the U.S. but they form a useful baseline for broad comparisons.
Results and analysis
Table 1 reports the most common words in the English Live Spaces feeds in addition to the same results for two comparison corpora. It is interesting that although the top word is the same for all three, there is already a difference in the second most common word, with of being relatively rare in Live Spaces. There does not seem to be a plausible explanation for this result.
Table 1: The most common words in the English Live spaces feeds,
the BNC and U.K. university Web sites in 2003.
Rank BNC UK Uni 2003 Live Spaces (eng) 1 the the the 2 of of and 3 and and to 4 to to i 5 a a a 6 in in of 7 is is in 8 that for it 9 was on that 10 it be is 11 for that for 12 on this you 13 with with my 14 he by photo 15 be are was 16 i as blogentry 17 by it on 18 as you with 19 at or me 20 you from be 21 are at have 22 his an this 23 had will but 24 not not he 25 this have as 26 have which we 27 from university at 28 but i so 29 which if not 30 she can photoalbum 31 they was blog 32 or all are 33 an research all 34 her information more 35 were we entry 36 there was from 37 we one they 38 their may one 39 been your or 40 has but by
Low frequency words
The first research question hypothesised that low frequency words would be unusually common in Live Spaces text. Figure 1 is a frequency distribution of word frequencies in Live Spaces. In terms of low frequency words, the graph has a very straight line towards the left without a notably high number of words with frequency 1. Hence, although words that occur only once in the corpus are more numerous than words that occur more often, they are not more frequent than would be expected by a language that follows a natural powerlaw growth model. In conclusion, there is no evidence of the deliberate construction of new words in Live Spaces postings. A manual inspection of words with frequency 1 supported this conclusion: these words seemed rarely to be invented words.
Figure 1: A frequency distribution of word frequencies in English Live Spaces.
Domainspecific words
From Table 1 there are many domainspecific words in Live Spaces. Some of these are self-evidently domainspecific (blogentry, blog, photoalbum) and two more can be deduced to be domainspecific in that they relate to the contents of Live Spaces and are much more frequent than in the BNC or university corpora (photo, entry).
Temporal orientation
The occurrence of temporal participles gives a mixed pattern. The past participles was (BNC rank 9; University rank 30; Live Spaces rank 15) and had (BNC 23; university 136; Live Spaces 53) are rarer in Live Spaces than the BNC. Current participles is (BNC 7; university 7; Live Spaces 10), are (BNC 21; university 15; Live Spaces 32) and have (BNC 26; university 25; Live Spaces 21) are more mixed: two of the three are rarer in Live Spaces. The future participle will (BNC 41; university 23; Live Spaces 41) shows no difference. In conclusion, there is some evidence of less of an orientation in the past in Live Spaces in comparison to the BNC. This may be partly due to the incorporation of a body of narrative text in the BNC.
Live Spaces shows a pronounced orientation towards the writer in terms of the frequency of personal pronouns (high position for I: me and my missing from the BNC top 50). It also shows a wider tendency towards personal engagement in the higher position of the possessive pronouns you and your (although your is higher in the university set).
Gender orientation
Although gender norms in offline and online communication are often more in terms of content and style than oldfashioned inappropriate use of gendered words (Herring, 2003; Livia, 2003), the gendered words in the corpus show a clear pattern. The masculine words he (BNC 14; university 74; Live Spaces 24) and his (BNC 22; university 100; Live Spaces 46) are relatively rare in Live Spaces. The feminine word her (BNC 34; university 336; Live Spaces 63) and she (BNC 30; university 381; Live Spaces 62) are also rarer in Live Spaces. More importantly, however, the feminine words are much rarer than the equivalent masculine words in Live Spaces, and so there is clear evidence of a gender bias towards male pronouns. An investigation into a random sample of occurrences of he suggested that the main reason was the number of discussion of news or political events involving male politicians (e.g., George Bush) and other public figures. Presumably there is a predominance of men in the news. In addition, there were a number of other, apparently less common causes of gender bias:
- Religious discussions, using he for a God;
- Some storytelling, using male main characters, including animals;
- Hypothetical discussions of professional figures which are assumed to be male (e.g., what a lawyer would do in a divorce case); and,
- Discussions of events involving male police officers (e.g., receiving a speeding fine).
In summary, the gender imbalance seems to stem mainly from society but also to some extent from genderbiased linguistic conventions (gods and professionals tend to be discussed as male).
The results of the analysis supported two of the research hypotheses fully: the importance of domainspecific terms and the author/relationship focus of Live Spaces text. The results partially supported a hypothesis of a current temporal orientation in Live Spaces text: common past participles were rarer and future participles were equally as common but some present participles were more common and some less common.
Two hypotheses must be rejected. First, rare words, although common, were not more common than would be expected in a corpus following natural language laws. It seems that in Live Spaces text (mainly blogs and photojournals) there is little attempt to play with word creation and word spellings. It seems likely that a different result would have been obtained for other social network Web site text, such as MySpace comment sections. Hence it should not be assumed that all social networking text is equally innovative in its spelling and usage.
The second rejected hypothesis is the absence of a gender bias. Live Spaces text displayed a clear masculine orientation, although both masculine and feminine common words were less common than in the BNC. This bias seems to be predominantly due to discussions of news events, which are dominated by predominantly malelead professions, such as politics.
About the author
Mike Thelwall is Professor of Information Science in the School of Computing & Information Technology at the University of Wolverhampton.
Web: http://www.scit.wlv.ac.uk/~cm1993/mycv.html
Email: m [dot] thelwall [at] wlv [dot] ac [dot] uk
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d. boyd, 2007b. Viewing American class divisions through Facebook and MySpace, Apophenia Blog Essay (24 June), at http://www.danah.org/papers/essays/ClassDivisions.html, accessed 12 July 2007.
d. boyd, 2006. Friends, Friendsters, and MySpace Top 8: Writing community into being on social network sites, First Monday, volume 11, number 12 (December), at http://journals.uic.edu/fm/article/view/1418/13, accessed 23 June 2007.
L. Burnard, 1995. Users reference guide to the British National Corpus. Oxford: Oxford University Computing Services.
W.B. Cavnar and J.M. Trenkle, 1994. nGram-Based Text Categorization, Proceedings of SDAIR94, Third Annual Symposium on Document Analysis and Information Retrieval, pp. 161175.
D. Fono and K. RaynesGoldie, 2006. Hyperfriendship and beyond: Friendship and social norms on Livejournal, M. Consalvo and C. Haythornthwaite (editors). Internet research annual: Selected papers from the Association of Internet Researchers Conference. Volume 4. New York: Peter Lang, and at http://k4t3.org/publications/hyperfriendship.pdf, accessed 10 February 2008.
C. Geisler, 2003. Genderbased variation in nineteenth century English letter writing, In: P. Leistyna and C.F. Meyer (editors). Corpus analysis: Language structure and language use. Amsterdam: Rodopi, pp. 87106.
S.A. Golder, D. Wilkinson, and B.A. Huberman, 2007. Rhythms of social interaction: Messaging within a massive online network, Third International Conference on Communities and Technologies CT2007, East Lansing, Mich., and at http://www.hpl.hp.com/research/idl/papers/facebook/facebook.pdf, accessed 10 February 2008.
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B. Hammersley, 2005. Developing feeds with RSS and Atom. Sebastopol, Calif.: OReilly.
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A. Livia, 2003. One man in two is a woman: Linguistic approaches to gender in literary texts, In: J. Holmes and M. Meyerhoff (editors). The handbook of language and gender. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. pp. 142158.
A.J. Lotka, 1926. The frequency distribution of scientific productivity, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, volume 16, number 12, pp. 317323.
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Editorial history
Paper received 16 July 2007; accepted 15 January 2008.
Copyright © 2008, First Monday.
Copyright © 2008, Mike Thelwall.
Text in social networking Web sites: A word frequency analysis of Live Spaces
by Mike Thelwall
First Monday, Volume 13, Number 2 - 4 February 2008
A Great Cities Initiative of the University of Illinois at Chicago University Library.
© First Monday, 1995-2020. ISSN 1396-0466.


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* Taking Ownership: Congratulations are in order for Drake and Kimberly Nelson, who recently took over full operation and ownership of Oregon's Coos Bay Speedway. The couple in late January announced the deal with longtime owner/promoter Chuck Prather, who had rebuilt the multi-track facility over the past decade.
In fact, the Nelsons are no strangers to the role, having been involved in race promotion since the early 2000s. What's more, Drake's father and grandfather promoted Meridian Speedway in Meridian, Idaho, in the 1970s and '80s; Drake's brother runs the track today. And Drake himself has been associated with Chaparral Speedway in Eagle, Idaho, and Douglas County Speedway in Roseburg, Oregon. He spent five years with Prather at Coos Bay Speedway, and recently returned after two years of operating Macon Speedway in Macon, Illinois, which is owned by Bob Sargent and racing legends Ken Schrader, Kenny Wallace and Tony Stewart.
"The move to Coos Bay Speedway will definitely put a lot of work on Kimberly and me," Drake said, "but the Speedway is such a great place, and I want to see it continue with success just as it has with Karin and Chuck." Among other developments at Coos Bay Speedway in 2017 are a newly minted website (www.coosbayspeedway.us) and the return of its Pony Village Mall Car Display program, where competitors can show their cars inside the local shopping plaza from March 10–12. Best of luck for the upcoming season!
* A Hire Authority: As crew chief for both Jeff Gordon and Dale Earnhardt Jr.—including Junior's big victory in the 2014 Daytona 500—Steve Letarte scored more than a dozen wins in NASCAR's top series dating back to 2005. In recent years he's worked alongside race announcer Rick Allen and fellow analyst Jeff Burton in the NBC Sports broadcast booth during the network's coverage of Monster Energy NASCAR Cup and XFINITY Series races.
Yes, the man knows racing. So it made perfect sense when, just last month, Letarte rolled out a brand new website, RacingJobs.com, designed to match race teams with prospective employees. The site itself uses a smart, searchable database that creates anonymous but detailed online profiles for job candidates. Race teams can then narrow their searches based on criteria like education, work experience, skills and pay scale. And it's inclusive, incorporating a range of positions—from pit crews, road crews and race shops, to engineers, interior mechanics, fabricators and more—across multiple series and racing types, from NASCAR to drag racing to IndyCar.
By keeping profiles anonymous, the site strives to create a truly level playing field, where qualifications and skill sets are valued above "who you know" or word-of-mouth networking. "This project has been several months in the making," Letarte added, "and I'm excited about the site going live and making a positive impact in the industry."
* Island Drags: Efforts to bring side-by-side racing to Long Island (NY) received a powerful shot in the arm last month when Suffolk County lawmakers announced the formation of a committee to investigate potential sites for a drag strip. Demonstrating public-private cooperation, the committee includes members of the local drag racing community alongside county legislators and planning department personnel.
In addition to a site search, for the next 8 months committee members will study the negative effects of illegal street street racing on their neighborhoods, as well as the potential economic impact of a privately owned drag strip; at least one estimate indicates new jobs and tourism could bring upwards of $100 million in revenue.
Indeed, Long Islanders haven't had a drag racing facility to call home since 2004, when the Westhampton Drag Strip officially closed shop. And, as advocates are quick to note, a local track would prevent area racers from traveling to—and spending money at—out-of-town venues. For more information, visit the website for "Long Island Needs A Dragstrip" at www.lineedsadragstrip.org.
* Challenge Accepted: Billed as "Three Days Of Serious Car Fun," the 9th Annual Motor State Challenge and Optima Search for the Ultimate Street Car event has become a must-attend gathering for performance enthusiasts. This year's program, which takes place July 20–22, includes a cruise night and dinner, a track day at GingerMan Raceway in South Haven, Michigan, and a full day of autocross action at The Tire Rack in South Bend, Indiana.
Complete event details, including registration information, can be found at www.motorstatechallenge.com. Space is limited, however, so interested participants are encouraged to register ASAP.
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#B2BExpo17 - one week to go!
Businesses are set for an uncertain year in 2017 as the political landscape both here and abroad will see new faces and new ways of working. It is therefore even more important that businesses start the year on a high by attending one of the best business events in our region. The #B2BExpo17 offers networking, an expo and a range of seminars for both those business owners just starting up and those wanting to take their businesses to the next level.
Organised by FSB in conjunction with the Belgrade Theatre and Touch FM the #B2BExpo17 is on Tuesday 10 January here at the Belgrade. Last year the expo saw over 250 businesses come together for the best networking breakfast of the year and over 200 more attend throughout the day. The event will kick off with the free breakfast at 7.15am, followed by the expo and seminars running from 9am until 3pm.
This year's key note speakers include Emma Heathcote-James from The Little Soap Company and David Burbidge from Coventry UK City of Culture BID 2021. Emma set up The Little Soap Company in 2008 and has been on a roller coaster journey since then, from making soap at the kitchen table to selling hundreds of thousands of bars in the national supermarkets. Emma will share her story of how The Little Soap Company was the first company to be taken on by Waitrose within its first year of trading. David will tell us why Coventry is bidding to be the UK City of Culture 2021, how the bid team are developing the proposal, the economic benefits for the region and how businesses can support.
Throughout the day businesses can access some free advice by attending one of our eight seminars and workshops offering support with branding, protecting your business online, marketing, customer services and generally being more productive.
Edward Cunynghame, a Business Acquisition & Interim Manager who attended last year, said:
"The day was a perfect mix of learning, networking and inspirational talks. The list of speakers provided excellent entertainment but also valuable business ideas. Combined with a good number of stands, allowing new contacts to be made, the day was the ideal start to the year."
Attendance at the expo, breakfast & seminars is FREE and registration for the breakfast and seminars is via www.b2bexpo17.eventbrite.com.
Media contacts:
Paul M Rogers, FSB Warwickshire and Coventry Regional Chair: 07974 442 074
Ian O'Donnell, FSB Warwickshire and Coventry Policy Spokesperson: 07973 782 632
Linsey Luke, Development Manager: 02476 403895
For regional FSB contacts please go to www.fsb.org.uk/warwickshire


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Can I access my account information on my iPad?
Yes. Go to the App Store on your iPad and do a search for BancorpSouth. We have an app listed there specifically for the iPad. If you have any problems using the app, please call 1-888-797-7711 and we would be glad to assist you.


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The Peach Classic is McHenry Bowl's famous yearly tournament that puts major prize money up for grabs to fantastic bowlers age 18 and older.
This Handicap Singles Tournament, which runs every weekend May through July, draws bowlers from miles around eager for a shot at glory.
The overall first place bowler in the Peach Classic are guaranteed a $2,000 prize, 2nd place nets a $1,000 prize, 3rd place gets $750, and 4th place is guaranteed $500.
Many other prices are up for grabs for both men and women in a number of categories.
Entry into this USBC certified tournament is $60
If you would like to make a reservation to bowl the Peach Classic please call (209) 571-2695, or e-mail your name, phone number, and desired squad and time to firstname.lastname@example.com
Contact McHenry Bowl at (209) 571-2695 to sign up.


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New Mule, Software AG AlignSpace BPM environment, more
Product briefs for New Mule, Software AG AlignSpace BPM environment and more.
Backers of the Mule open source integration platform announced the release of Mule 2.2.0. The new version supports an expression language for querying Mule information at run-time, as well as Spring Security 2.0 as a Security Manager. Mule 2.2.0 also seeks to answer some of the complaints made about the previous version, including clarified and cleaned up message property scopes and precedence; simplified endpoint configuration and improved and expanded documentation, says blogger Jackie Wheeler on the "From the Mule's Mouth" blog.
Software AG has announced the release of its new SaaS product, AlignSpace. AlignSpace is a platform that offers collaboration for project participants in a Business Process environment. Data, documents and services produced within this environment are made available and reusable within or across company borders. AlignSpace is part of a Software AG effort to support collaborative process design and universal translation of BPM models.
Progress Software said that Sabre Holdings has selected Progress FUSE to be part its integration platform. According to a press release, Sabre Holdings - , whose businesses include Travelocity; Sabre Travel Network and Sabre Airline Solutions - chose FUSE to "maintain continuous uptime and stability and flexibility for our partners" as part of a pluggable architecture.
Protecode announced the release of its Software IP Audit service. The product identifies licensing and copyright attributes of open-source and other third-party content in the software assets of an enterprise, or detects similarities between two specific code portfolios.
Ivory Service Architect 4.1 from GT Software is a mainframe integration platform that offers support for the Integrated Facility for Linux, System z Integrated Information Processor, and the System z Application Assist Processor. The product aims to cut cost and provide a more agile application for mainframe SOA.
IBM announced that 1-800 Flowers selected IBM to provide its new e-commerce platform. 1-800-FLOWERS.com plans to transition most of its 14 brands to the platform over the coming few years. The company hopes the e-commerce platform will improve efficiency, especially during peak times like Valentine's Day and Mother's Day.


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Forms Jobs
Answer the questions, get a discount coupon for the Dixie Classic Fair!
In 1936, the widow of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company President Bowman Gray donated $30,000 to the city to build a stadium. A Work Projects Administration grant of $100,000 was approved and a 42 acre site was chosen. The property in part lay in a natural bowl-shaped depression. Less than a year later the stadium was named for Mr. Gray. The race track was built in 1949 by Bill France as a farm club for his Florida races. Fonty Flock won the first race. In 1954 6,000 seats were added to the south end, for a total capacity of 18,000.
The first Grand National (now Sprint Cup Series) event took place in 1958. Racing legends David Pearson, Junior Johnson and Marvin Panch all took the checkered flag. Richard Petty won his 100th race here, and team owner Richard Childress fell in love with racing as a teenage peanut salesman.
Wake Forest College played football at the stadium even before the school moved to Winston-Salem and continued to do so until Grove Stadium (now BB&T field) was built in 1968. For many years, high school teams and the Piedmont Bowl, which featured pro-football teams, also played there. In the 1960's it was a concert venue with Dick Clark's Cavalcade of Stars where sell out crowds of teenagers rocked to Gene Pitney, The Orlons, and Lou Christie. Today Bowman Gray stadium is the home of the Winston-Salem State University Rams football teams and summer Saturday nights are filled with the smell of fuel from the modified, sportsmen and street stock racers.
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MPR Communications Building brands and reputations with PR
MPR Communications offers a bespoke and highly personalised PR service, delivering intelligent and effective PR programmes, from one-off projects to cost-effective campaigns. With a range of services available, from writing a simple media release through to event organisation, MPR delivers on time and on budget.
About Us
MPR is a PR consultancy with a wealth of experience across a broad spectrum of clients and industries.
Meet The Team
Founded by Amanda Moorhouse, who has over 20 years' consumer, corporate and trade PR experience.
Our Clients
Black Cow Vodka, Malfy Gin, Pinkster Gin, Glen Moray Single Malt Whisky, Jawbox Gin, Lanique Liqueur.
"MPR provides excellent quality coverage, activation and PR strategy – one of the best, quickest and most responsive agencies with which I have ever worked."
Case Studies
Pinkster Gin in a Box
MPR was asked to help roll out the raspberry revolution and assist with the launch of 'Pinkster on Tap' as a must-have for the summer season.
Malfy Gin from Italy
The Drinksology Group, on behalf of brand owners Biggar & Leith, tasked MPR with launching two new Malfy Italian Gin expressions in the UK
Glen Moray Masterclasses
To celebrate Old Fashioned Week, MPR organised a programme of Glen Moray Whisky Cocktail Masterclasses hosted by World's Best Spirits experts Neil Ridley and Joel Harrison.


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Dana, Crescent pump $1bn in Kurdish oil projects
Sharjah, October 14, 2012
UAE-based energy firm Dana Gas and its key shareholder Crescent Petroleum, have invested nearly $1 billion in the oil and gas sector of Iraqi Kurdistan region till date, according to a senior company official.
"The total cumulative petroleum production to date has exceeded 67 million barrels of oil equivalent, making it the largest by the private sector in Iraq's oil and gas sector," said Majid Jafar, the CEO of Crescent Petroleum and member of the Dana Gas board of directors.
"We are proud to be the largest investors in the Kurdish oil and gas sector, and the highest petroleum producers since our first production four years ago, which enables electricity supply for millions of Iraqis and billions of dollars of ongoing fuel savings for the government," remarked Jafar while speaking at a ceremony to celebrate the 4th anniversary of production.
"We are working with the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) Ministry of Natural Resources on the next phase of development and expansion, to grow our operations and enable further progress and prosperity for the local community," he added.
Dana and Crescent Petroleum in their capacity as joint operator of the Khor Mor field have boosted the total production in their gas operations in the Kurdistan region to 80,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day, said Jafar.
According to him, the daily production includes 340 million cubic feet of gas per day and 15,000 barrels per day of condensate liquids, and there are also plans for further expansion.
In total, over 279 billion cubic feet of gas and 13 million barrels of condensate liquids have been produced by the companies since the start of production in October 2008, with the gas supply to local power stations enabling 1,750 MW of new electricity supply locally.
Marking the fourth anniversary, Rashid Al-Jarwan, the executive director and acting CEO of Dana Gas, said: "This important milestone has been achieved with the co-operation and support of the KRG, as well as our partners, contractors and local staff."
The project partners, he stated, had by the end of September invested a total of $975 million under contracts signed with the KRG for the Khor Mor and Chemchemal blocks in April 2007.
Major achievements of the project till date include: installing a 180km gas pipeline across challenging mountainous terrain that required the clearing of minefields; first gas production after only 16 months; drilling successfully to tertiary reservoir formations at depths of 2,300m and importing and installing over 64,000 tonnes of equipment.
Crescent and Dana have also implemented a corporate social responsibility programme to support the local communities, including providing school supplies, drinking water treatment, generators and fuel enabling 24 hour electricity for the local villages, mobile medical units, and youth sports facilities.
As a show of support for the region and to enhance business relationships, both Dana and Crescent are participating at the "Erbil International Fair 2012" as a member of delegation from Sharjah Government headed by Sheikh Sultan Bin Ahmad Al Qasimi, the deputy chairman, Sharjah Petroleum Council and a board member of Dana Gas.
The companies will join 30 other firms from UAE at the event which will take place from October 15 to 18.-TradeArabia News Service


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Frequently Asked Questions
Papal bull of St. Pius V
July 14, 1570
Below is the list of our informative FAQ videos from Our Catholic Faith Today series. Each video includes a resource page featuring links to related articles, news, books and media.
Introduction to SSPX FAQ series
The Society of St. Pius X is an international priestly society of common life without vows, whose purpose is to train, support, and encourage holy priests so that they may effectively spread the Catholic Faith throughout the world.
Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre was the founder of the Society of St. Pius X (SSPX).
A brief history: 1905-1991
November 29, 1905
Birth of Marcel Lefebvre to Rene and Gabrielle Lefebvre.
September 21, 1929
Marcel Lefebvre is ordained a priest.
Having become a Holy Ghost Father, he becomes a missionary in Gabon, Africa.
September 18, 1947
He is consecrated a bishop and appointed Apostolic Vicar of Dakar, Senegal.
The pope has never suppressed the SSPX: only the pope, not a local bishop, has the authority to suppress a religious order (1917 Code of Canon Law, canon 493 and 1983 Code of Canon Law, canon 616).
Timeline of the suppression
November 1, 1970
The SSPX is canonically founded.
Was Archbishop Lefebvre legitimately suspended from exercising his ministry as a bishop and superior general of the SSPX?
Rome has always, at least tacitly recognized the SSPX's legitimate continuation and the nullity of these suspensions: for example, in December 1987, Cardinal Gagnon did not hesitate to attend as a prelate the Pontifical Mass of "suspended" Archbishop Lefebvre.
The Second Vatican Council was a meeting of the world's bishops for four sessions between October 11, 1962 and December 8, 1965.
Pope John XXIII, in his opening speech to the Council (November 11, 1962), declared its aims to be the following:
Second Vatican Council in session:
The question of our attitude towards the pope is a delicate one, especially since there is much confusion amongst Catholics concerning this question.
The last 50 years have made this question more important than usual since we have witnessed the introduction of various theories and practices, often by the popes themselves, that run counter to the perennial teaching of the Catholic Church.
It behooves us then to look at the principles involved in this case:
A code is a collection of laws, each one being an order of the competent authority: each canon in the 1917 Code of Canon Law was a law of Benedict XV, and each canon in the 1983 Code of Canon Law (commonly called the "New Code") is a law of Pope John Paul II.
Do the priests of the Society of St. Pius X possess faculties to validly and licitly administer the sacraments? How does supplied jurisdiction apply to them in the context of the post-conciliar crisis?
Pope Benedict XVI's motu proprio, Summorum Pontificum, has changed the juridical situation of the Mass. Until recently, the traditional Mass was presented as being prohibited and allowed only under an indult, that is, a special, exceptional permission joined with special conditions.
Confusion often arises about Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre's 1988 consecration of four bishops without papal permission, which action Pope John Paul II pointed out carried with it the latae sententiae (automatic) penalty of excommunication.
However, according to canon law, a person who believes, like Archbishop Lefebvre did, that there is a moral necessity to break a law (i.e., for the salvation of souls) would not incur any automatic penalties, even if that person were to be incorrect in that assessment.
The Society of St. Pius X has always recognized and adhered to the authority of the pope, and, as noted by prominent Roman authorities (e.g., Cardinal Castrillon Hoyos), the SSPX is not schismatic.
Since the introduction of the new sacramental rites, Rome had allowed no religious society or congregation exclusive use of the older rites. Then on June 30, 1988, Archbishop Lefebvre consecrated four bishops to ensure the survival of the traditional priesthood and sacraments, and especially of the traditional Roman Mass.
This question illustrates the fundamental differences between the SSPX and the Conciliar "traditionalists" or conservatives. These latter are often seen defending both the traditional Roman Mass and the "new" Catechism but not openly attacking either the Novus Ordo Missae or Vatican II.
Due to the unorthodox actions and statements of several recent popes, some have been led to believe that these popes have separated themselves from the Church by heresy, ipso facto vacating the seat of the papacy (sedes vacans, literally, empty seat). However, the fact is that formal (obstinate, or willful) heresy, the only heresy bearing with it the effect of excommunication, cannot be claimed, much less proven in the case of the pope, as there is no higher ecclesiastical authority which may censure or reprimand him.
Please visit our list of articles. You can look for the topics which are closer to your question among all articles already published.
We apologize for the presentation of these articles. They are still hosted in our old website and we are working to offer them to you soon in an improved environment.
For a list of the SSPX's chapels in the USA District, click here.
The list also includes a number of recommended non-SSPX chapels.
The Novus Ordo Missae was introduced in April 1969 by Pope Paul VI. From the start, this new rite was intended to have an ecumenical nature as declared by its chief architect, Fr. Annibale Bugnini in 1965:
We must strip from our Catholic prayers and from the Catholic liturgy everything which can be the shadow of a stumbling block for our separated brethren—that is, for the Protestants."
A. Preliminary remarks


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Take A Step BACK
ok first thing's first before I forget, I collaborated with a book that has been recently published to kindle, Quick Paleo Meal Prep. And want some HONEST input. If I gift you the book will you post an HONEST review, it's a bit more professional/technical writing. But if you could help me out then just leave a comment with your email (I'll delete it as soon as I get it to avoid creepers).
I decided to get a friend to video my squat to see if there were any technique issues I needed to workout. In short, I pretty much hung up lifting for about two weeks. Between the rounding of upper back and butt winking (when your lower back curves), and the knees diving in, I basically looked like hammered dog poo in the bottom of my squat. This is especially rough for me since I've worked my way from a 285 one rep max, to 305 for somewhat easy working sets. All at a body weight of 173 lbs., but here we go.
Well after crying in a dark room for a few hours and eating my feelings, I came back to the gym with a goal to fix me. I started by subscribing to the Crossfit journal (only $30/year I think), and watched every video by jelly starrett that I could on fixing these issues. I started with ankle mobility and worked my way up. It's challenging to not go all out on stretches. After all, you see him glide in and out of these positions that I'm shaking and panting in like an uncontrollable furbie doll (aging myself with that reference).
I've mobilized the nasty tissue and now I'm strengthening the muscles that are probably on par with a 5th graders at this point. However the form though is looking much better, and I feel more solid in the bottom of the squat. So that's a plus! It's going to be a long journey back to the top, but I'm confident that it'll be a higher peak once I get there!
Video an exercise you enjoy and compare it to a professional with their technique. Analyze what they're doing that you're not, and how you can get better.
Your Opinion Matters!
Too many times in life we accept ourselves as someone with nothing to offer. We have things that we know, but shrink ourselves so as to not stand out. Nothing could be further from the truth!
Not in the literal sense of knowing everything, but your life has afforded you the unique experiences to grant you knowledge in different areas. You may have grown up in an area that is filled with wealth, therefore you have the inate knowledge of sophisticated living that others couldn't attain through years of study. The opposite is just as true, you could have bee so poor that you learned to appreciate life in it's most simple elements. Either way, you and your experiences MATTER!
There are things that you have a passion for that no one else does. You've taken the time to learn and grow your knowledge in this area, and that is an invaluable resource! Whether it's fashion, investing, history or door knob shining, you hold the key to that information. Without people like you this world would be filled with the same person multiplied hundreds of thousands of times. It would be LAME! So thank you for your interest and passions.
I wanted to share this with you because I was involved (hopefully we have more content headed your way!) with the writing of a short kindle book "Quick Paleo Meal Prep". It's in the Amazon kindle store, just search the title and it's either free or .99. But after it was done I couldn't help but realize that if it weren't for two people being passionate about something, things and information would never be shared like that. So anyway, you're special and I support you!
Find an area of your life that you've excelled in and take a moment to realize the joy it's brought you. Also how that knowledge has been able to affect others lives.
Eating Paleo For Muscle
Yea that paleo thing is fine if you wanna loose weight or stay lean, but I wanna get JACKED! If I had a nickle for every time I heard this I'd have a lot of nickles. "Paleo" isn't just a diet that people go on to loose weight, it's a lifestyle.
A diet is a short term way of eating that restricts calories to promote weight loss. There is certainly emphasis on the "short" term. Most people get to where they want to be and then go off the rails in a big way, gain all the weight back, and start the cycle over again in a year when they're heavier than the last year. It's a cycle that 80% of people subscribe to and accept.
So if a diet is a restriction of calories then weight gain is a surplus right? YUP, true you'll need to eat more, volume wise, if you're focusing on paleo, but your gains will have much more quality! So how I did it was about as simple as it gets. I ate balanced portions to total higher than average calories per day, but after my workouts I would have about a pound of mashed sweet potato and two cups of ground beef (fat drained).
Because that's the only time your body is willing to shuttle nutrients focused on muscle growth! Your muscle size is almost dead last on your bodies priority list, so when it's been pushed to the limit or close, that's when you need to cram all the QUALITY food in you can. Do a little home research on the glut4 compound and how it aids in muscle growth, you'll be glad you did. For now you need to focus on totaling up how many calories you need to gain weight (300-400 over normal per day), and make that post workout meal as big as you can stomach without throwing up your gainz. Don't factor in the post workout as your daily expenditure, as your body will put those foods to use ASAP.
If your goal is weight gain then put this to the test. However if you're focused on weight loss I would still add the post workout meal in there, just a whole lot smaller. This helps your body restore glucose stores after intense workouts and gets rid of the shakes of you're training on a deficit. Again these calories basically don't count if you put in a high quality workout, cause your body will put them to use right away.
Cheat Day: Mission Complete!
You have been maintaning a paleo diet for six days, nothing but the paleo all day every day. And then God said "let there be calories!", and there were and they were good…soooo good :P.
My Saturday began just as any other would, eggs with spinach and black beans in the morning (kept under 450 calories), but then something changed. I drove to Waffle House at 8am, and before I went in I downed 6 oz. of grapefruit juice (to reduce insulin spike and promote fast passing). Then I walked in and ordered the all star breakfast with an extra waffle (two eggs, two sausage, hash browns, toast and a waffle). After I ordered I went to the bathroom and did 60-90 sec. Of high intensity cardio. I came back and squeezed lime juice into my water (reduce insulin spike further), and proceeded to gorge myself for the next 10 min. syrup flowing and smiles all around!
I'm not sure if you "can", but I did. Yup, two quarter pounder delux with cheese! This was the point where I didn't want to look at myself for about 3 hours. Luckily we were on a road trip to Baton Rouge, so I sat in the back and questioned if I was going to live or not. But then we arrived…
6 lbs. after a big plate of dip and fruit, the dip must have been a Paula Dean recipe due to the pools of butter at the edges of the dish. After I push away from the table I smell something in the air….CAKE!! Suddenly I find room for two large pieces of chocolate and strawberry cake. At this point I'm not sure if I'm over-doing it, but I like to push the limits so let's go!
I questioned my future after saying I would go, but my friend who was allergic to most of the food served was hungry and wanted a dinner buddy. So we saunter over to the barrel, and wanting to test my bodies limits, I order the chicken fried steak with two orders of mashed potatoes and green beans (after the plate of cornbread and apple butter). I was half way through my plate and was seeing spots so I decided to live to gorge another day. We waddle back to the hotel, and hugging my belly I roll into bed and pray I wake up tomorrow.
Nope, I weighed 174.6 lbs. Friday, weighing Monday morning I was a bloated 175.3 lbs. just one pound over where I started. So all in all I would say that cheat day was a success and I look forward to next Saturday already :)) just FYI as well, I lost 4.6 lbs. that first week on this regimen.
Your challenge: starting today, even if you've downed a few donuts already, start the paleo diet with the intention of pigging out Saturday to restart your body. It's amazing!!
It's All About The 80/20 Folks!
It's Friday!! That means that tomorrow (and a little Sunday) is my day to go as wild as I want with my food, and I don't even feel bad about it! No one can do the same thing over and over day in and day out, we just aren't wired that way. So I encourage you to think as you read over this about what areas in your life you're not giving the propper amout of rest to.
12,000 Calorie Day
That's my goal every Saturday, and even though I never hit it, I satisfy every craving I had during the week. If you are following the Paleo Diet for weight loss, it's reasonable to assume that you're dramatically underfed most days. So balance this out with at least one day of the nastiest cheating you can stomach! This will not only fix the cravings, bring you to a reasonable amount of calories and bring you back mentally; this will reset your body to burn fat faster in the next week! That's right, eating like a pig for one day has the potential to reset your body and enhance the fat shreddage!
GO NUTS…responsibly
I know after all of that you're wanting to schedule your cheat day ASAP, wake up and dive headfirst into the tallest stack of panckakes you can find for breakfast, but let's pump the breaks first. You need to set your body up to succeed on these days. Not only is this going to shock your metabolism, but your digestive track will be the primary casualty if you don't take the necessary steps. First start the day with 40 grams of protein, some small beans and caffine on an empty stomach, this will boost metabolism and start your tummy off easy. Then before the first encounter with the enemy, drink 6 oz. of grapejuice to minimize the insulin spike for the rest of the day. Follow this with 16 oz. Herbamate tea, cooled to room temp., before every meal thereafter. This will promote fast exportation of whatever you put in, all the goodies with out the baggage!!
One Last Thing
And this could mean the difference between success and failure on these days. Imediately prior to every meal after the breakfast do 60-90 sec. of intense exercise, preferably out of sight and not at the table. This will open the glucose pathways to muscle that has been stimulated, that way the calories can go to a good cause, the swole patrol :). If you are diciplined enough to follow a mostly paleo diet for 6 days this shouldn't be close to an issue, unless you're a weenie, you're no weenie are you??
Protein Powder or Paleo Prep
We've all seen them in the gym, frosted protein shake in hand, without it they probably wouldn't be here. They hustle towards the weight rack, blaring jams to grind through their 20 sets of 8-12 reps. With a grunt of satisfaction they pump out the last rep and down the protein cocktail they put all their trust in… Cool story bro.
Why is it held as "common knowledge" that this is the ritual that we are to follow to have a successful workout? Why the powder instead of the real thing? I believe it's mostly due to marketing and the lack of willingness to believe that maybe re supplement industry doesn't have our best internet in mind (but that's just me). Or maybe it's because you had such a hard workout that you need the hydro isolate anabolic homeostatic protein to make it to your ripped muscles so fast because you might loose your gainzzzzz….no.
If so then you would have opened your muscles glucose receptor stores and anything you put in will be shuttled to the needy parts. This is of course assuming you did have an intense session and not just a jaw grinder with the bros. So put the food in that you need! The truth is that once you tax the body to the point of needing to grow new muscle the only things the muscles need aren't JUST protein. It needs nutrients only found in whole foods. Carbs, proteins and fats to restore and improve what you've broken.
After every workout I have I have a pre prepped meal of one large sweet potato and a cup and a half of ground beef with the fat drained in hot water. This will satisfy every need the muscles could have if ingested right after workout. Also you get all the benefits of the post workout without the major insulin spike! And since insulin causes fat storage, you'll get all the gainz without the fluff, or roughly 75% muscle and 25% added weight. But this ratio is better than the 3 times average dose of sugar in most protein shakes which basically undoes all the work you put in to lean out!
Hope this helps and let me know if you get the same benefits or have other advice in the comments 🙂
The Ice Age progress
I started the Tim Ferris inspired "Ice Age" experiment last week to gain a little more aesthetics. It's been a miserable and mentally challenging few days to say the least…
I started out around 178 lbs. with reasonably viewable abs. Now I've got a few veins showing on the sides and the lower 4 abs popping out at 175 lbs.! It's been a great transformation for the time and effort that I've put in!
I'm going to keep up with what I have been getting results from, maybe up the calories a little bit at certain points so I don't risk taxing my energy. All in all though this has been a reasonably successful experiment. Challenging to say the least, but certainly successful!
I posted in this blog two days ago what I'm doing, you're more than welcome to look at it and please leave comments with results if you do attempt! I think everyone should since this has been the greatest stones tester (and shrinker) I've ever done. I certainly appreciate a hot shower now!
Good luck!


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Sekaido Art Shop
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OCCCDA_AMAZONSMILE http://smile.amazon.com/ch/20-4984694 Your shopping makes a difference. Do your regular Amazon shopping at smile.amazon.com/ch/20-4984694 and Amazon donates to Oxford Circle Christian Community Development Association Inc.
Community and Economic Development State Grant
Community and Economic Development: Our purpose is to develop opportunities for sustainable employment and business development.
2017 Annual Report
What does OCCCDA believe…
Check out this great article highlighting OCCCDA & Carnell!
Excellent piece by Next City. ""I live now only for my kids. They are my life, they are my life," Amin tells me, softly crying, in the lobby of the Oxford Circle Mennonite Church, less than a block from her home. She's received a lot of support here at the Family Resource Center run by the Oxford […]


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