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Mental Health
Related Topics
- Mental Health (79)
- Health, Illness and Healing (1020)
The pressure subtly built a reality around me that I could not achieve. If the dream of that success failed, then everything was lost.
A metaphorical description of my personal inner battles
Divine distraction does not mean being apathetic to what is truly important, such as issues related to danger or morality. What it does mean is we can build our "distraction muscle" by consciously choosing the focus of our attention in order to remain faithful, functional and grateful in trying times.
My Battle with Depression
As my sisters, my boyfriend, my friends and my students rallied to help me cope with physical illness, my mind was being warped by something more insidious. Realizing that I would live the rest of my life as a disabled person, I started to wonder whether or not life was worth living...
I can't blame my mother, whose illness and family history prevented her from being able to mother, nor can I blame my grandmother for raising a daughter unable to mother...
A Personal Account
PPD would never happen to me. I was too "happy"! I was always the type of person that people viewed as so capable, energetic, and positive. But I suddenly realized that PPD could happen to anyone, even me...
Many women are depressed after childbirth; at least 80% suffer in some way! However, there are differences in how individual women respond. This article describes the range of depressive symptoms a woman might feel after childbirth...
I wondered how she could look me in the eye and think that I had been stripped of my humanity and my agency. I wondered how she figured that any person with mental illness could somehow get by without humanity or agency...
The Pain of Mental Illness
All that was left of Matt's beautiful bride was a medicated shell of a human being whose brain had short circuited and whose soul had somehow disconnected...
How do we deal practically with the anxiety in our lives, the difficulties that come our way, the very things that make us feel like we are stuck in a rut and unable to overcome basic life challenges?
Maybe you know a woman who checks her stove three times before leaving the house. Or, perhaps you have a friend who refuses to fly on a plane, or who seems to worry excessively about her children's health...
There is a lot of misunderstanding and misinformation when it comes to mental illness. Read about the common myths and learn the truth behind something that affects us all, directly or indirectly.
For those who have never been affected by Postpartum Illness, it is difficult to fully comprehend how the excitement and anticipation of a new birth can turn into depression...
I often found myself standing at the kitchen counter, mindlessly eating one piece of cake after the next. I wasn't even hungry, but I kept on eating...
Winter brings a certain hopelessness and fatigue, irritability towards other people, and a desire to stay in and dissociate to daytime television with a jar of chocolate spread and a spoon. But this year was different...
Working with Anorexia
A year ago I started working with young women who have Eating Disorders. It is not an easy job. I have moments where I want to quit. I tell myself, "I'm not qualified for this. I'm not strong enough for this. I just can't do it." My boss tells me, "If you don't, who will?"


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|Power Rangers Turbo
|"The Wheel Of Fate"
|Original Air Date: 09/15/97
|Based On:
Carranger #20 - Shijou saikou no meisha!! (Test Drive The Ultimate Famous Cars!!)
Regular Season
(Same as the Season by Series)
*Official Fox Kids Show Number PR-505
*21st episode of PRT
*226th total Power Rangers episode
|Writer: Jackie Marchand
|Director: Blair Treu
|Starring Cast:
Tracy Lynn Cruz _AS_ Ashley (Yellow Ranger)
Blake Foster _AS_ Justin Stewart (Blue Ranger)
Patricia Ja Lee _AS_ Cassie (Pink Ranger)
Roger Velasco _AS_ Carlos (Green Ranger)
Selwyn Ward _AS_ T.J. (Red Ranger)
Carol Hoyt _AS_ Divatox
Gregg Bullock _AS_ Lt. Jerome Stone
Paul Schrier _AS_ Farkas "Bulk" Bulkmeier
Jason Narvy _AS_ Eugene "Skull" Skullovich
|Additional Cast:
Donene Kistler _AS_ Alpha 6
Katerina Luciani _AS_ Alpha 6 (voice)
Kenny Graceson _AS_ Elgar
David Umansky _AS_ Elgar (voice)
Ed Neil _AS_ Rygog
Scott Page-Pagter _AS_ Porto (voice)
Steve Kramer _AS_ Dreadfeather (voice)
In the Subcraft, Elgar's arrived with a couple of Piranahtrons holding a large treasure chest, telling Divatox it was right where she said it'd be. They head in through the hatch, Elgar going over the directions of going to the Slaton sea, make a left, down about twenty-thousand leagues and then jackpot! Divatox has the P-Trons put the chest down and open it up to see what they've got, everyone happy (even Rygog, who's speechless). Diva inspects the booty (not Elgar's thankfully), finding the usual mix of gold & jewels not too impressive, one such golden necklace-chain she calls 'so last year' before chucking it aside. The creamy surprise inside the box of goodies comes in the form of a large piece of parchment, taking a look at it to reveal an interstellar map with the pictures of two vehicles upon it. Divatox is giddy, saying this has been missing for eons, ordering Porto to bring her Dreadfeather, he waddles to get him right away. Elgar wonders what the paper is, asking if it's her birth certificate. She tells him no and calls him a dunderloaf, telling him this star chart shows the location of the Lightning Cruiser & Storm Blaster! He has no idea what they are, she angrily states they're only the two most powerful vehicles in the universe, if she possess them nothing will stand in her way. Porto brings Dreadfeather onto the bridge, he's ready to tackle any big job the Pirate Queen Of Evil has in store for him. She shows him the map, and begins to tell him the plan. the scene padded out with her evil laughter.

subset: commoncrawl


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Top Tip: If you aren't registered and confirmed with a RCB and SARS, you will be limited in the services you can perform on eFiling.
Please note: Some tax practitioners may receive a new tax practitioner reference number, both the old and new numbers may be used. See Tax Practitioner Number for more information.
Please note: Large Businesses will need to contact Large Business directly.
Top Tip: A client can visit a SARS branch and ask an agent to merge the various tax types to the company/entity's profile, giving a single view of the company/entity profile. Please note – LBC clients will have to do this through the LBC.


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[Richt Sunday: Enjoying these wins, this season]
[15 stats, notes facts about Miami-Notre Dame]
[Five things we learned from Miami-Virginia Tech]
[UM No. 7 in AP poll for first time since 2013]
[Canes open as a home underdog to Irish]
Recruits have been watching and waiting for Miami to be good again.
Miami (8-0, 6-0 ACC) is good again.
How's recruiting going?
"It's great," Mark Richt said. "It's great. You tend to be able to measure your success … by how many times does a great player come to your campus or one of your ballgames? It's week after week after week."
He said there's a "roll call of guys" that come to Sunday night practices, and the 2018-20 players who came to last week's game was "amazing. It's going to happen again next week."
"If you go by that, we're going to be in pretty good shape for a while."
The Hurricanes, who are ranked No. 7 by the Associated Press and host No. 3 Notre Dame this week, have the fourth-ranked recruiting class according to 247Sports. The most recent public development was the flip of four-star quarterback commit Artur Sitkowski to Rutgers. However, Sitkowski has struggled in his senior year at Bradenton-IMG Academy, and UM is pleased with the development of 2017 four-star signees N'Kosi Perry and Cade Weldon. Starter Malik Rosier will return for his redshirt senior season.
More of what Richt said on WQAM on Monday morning:
* The fans made a difference in Saturday's win over Virginia Tech, and crowds have been a factor during this UM run (after UM beat Florida State on Oct. 7, the home crowds have been fired up, to this eye). Richt has noticed, and is thankful.
"When you come to Miami you know there's some challenges to get people excited about the program. They are excited about the program. … It means to much to the players.
"It's tough on the opponent to function and think clearly and know that things are going to be OK. I can't thank everybody enough. It was wonderful."
* The offensive line performance was "the best by far" of the season. "The D-line obviously did a great job as well."
* Rosier's three interceptions against the Hokies aren't a major concern for Richt. "We knew we were going to have to be aggressive against this defense," he said. He didn't sense Rosier was gun-shy after the picks, one of which came on a tipped ball. Quarterbacks coach Jon Richt, his son, told the quarterback "don't flinch."
* Rosier's touchdown run was a set play. It has passing options, but UM saw run all the way. Of the quarterback runs that looked like they could be a draw, it's probably "50-50 by design," Richt said. He mentioned Rosier running for a first down on another play just because he instantly recognized a coverage and took off.
* Jaquan Johnson "never ceases to amaze me," Richt said, with how he tackles much bigger players.
* Richt on the Turnover Chain: "It has really gone berzerk." He said "all the Little League teams around South Florida have their own version." He also noted that if "we we're 5-5 with seven turnovers" people would be making fun of it.
* As coaches, "you don't have time" to pay attention to the social media criticism that came with close wins.
* Ahmmon Richards, is he OK? "I think he's getting better as we go." He said Richards' hamstring and ankle have made 2017 tough for him, but UM still has confidence he can make a big play when they need him. Richt praised Richards, Braxton Berrios and Jeff Thomas in particular for their downfield blocking, which was excellent all around.
* What was Richt thinking on the fourth-down call early? "I'm Mr. Kick a Field Goal No Matter How Bad it Hurts … but you know what, I got so mad we couldn't get that darn thing in there" that UM went for it. "It wasn't a good call. … It was bad, but I was mad. We went into this game saying, 'We can't flinch.'" It didn't work, but he wasn't upset Virginia Tech's offense had to try to go 95 yards against UM's defense.
* On Notre Dame: "It's exciting. We talk about, this is why we come here. This is why I came back to my alma mater, these types of moments." He wants to "embrace the moment, without getting carried away with all the type of things that won't help you win."


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Rallies and Events News – 14 July 213
The McMichael Rally and Boot Sale is being held today at Reading Rugby Club, Holme Park Farm Lane, Sonning Lane, Sonning on Thames, Reading RG4 6ST, just off the A4 east of Reading. There is free car parking and the doors open at 9.30am, with admission costing £2. There will be trade stands and a car boot sale. Details from Pete, G8FRC on 01189 695 697.
Also today, the Stockport Rally is taking place at Walthew House, Shaw Heath, Stockport SK2 6QS. Doors open at 10am and admission is £2. More information from Bernard, G3SHF on 01625 850 088 (day).
On Friday 19 July the SSC/AMSAT-UK Cubesat Workshop will take place at Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH from 9am to 4pm. This marks the start of the AMSAT-UK International Space Colloquium weekend mentioned earlier. Details are on the AMSAT UK website, http://amsat-uk.org.
Amateur Radio in the Country takes place next Sunday, 21 July, at Upton Bridge Farm, Long Sutton TA10 9NJ. It offers amateur radio, QRP & homebrew in a country setting. Details from Tim Walford, G3PCJ, by email to email@example.com.
If you have any rally or event information you'd like to appear in future editions of the News and in RadCom, please email details to firstname.lastname@example.com.
Category: GB2RS Rallies and Events


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Sunday, Jan. 2, 2011
11:50 a.m.
By John Mullin
They were the new guys back in 2006, the young guys, and it came almost too easily.
And now, Devin Hester and Danieal Manning, rookies in 2006, and Chris Harris, who went to the playoffs as a rookie in 2005 and a Super Bowl the next year, are in a position to do what many of the greats of the game, including many, many Bears never did: return to a Super Bowl.
Dan Marino went in his second, lost and never went again. Wilber Marshall and Ron Rivera went to playoffs as rookies, a Super Bowl in their second year, and never got back there.
Its tough, Harris said. You have some guys with great careers, Hall of Fame players, who never played in a Super Bowl.
Hester didnt think getting to a Super Bowl was necessarily easy but I didnt think it would go like that, he said, shaking his head at the memory and at the thought of not even getting back to the playoffs since then. The team we had the Super Bowl I thought would be good for a long time.
Its a long season and every year something happens, every year it seems like theres a different team.
Julius Peppers, Brian Urlacher, Lance Briggs, Charles Tillman, Olin Kreutz, Tommie Harris all know what it means to reach a Super Bowl and lose there.
And they are part of the reason why the Bears are unlikely to make the mistake of not treating the Green Bay game and the two weeks that follow as critical steps toward a goal that will never be taken for granted.
Its a long journey for this team, Hester said. This year, weve been doing pretty good. The record is looking pretty good right now. The bye, and everything is starting to show up. Our team is starting to do some great things, as far as offense, defense and special teams. We got a good shot.
Arguably the single most important player in the Bears playoff saga, Jay Cutler, has never been in uniform for a playoff game. He has never had the experience of anything beyond regular-season playing speed.
But his motivation should be perhaps greater even than for his teammates who have been there but lost.
I dont think anybody in that locker room is gonna be satisfied until we win a Super Bowl, Cutler said. So theres a lot to be done yet. But weve got to keep getting better. Weve got to keep working. Weve got to keep coming to work. Keep the drive.
That makes Sunday in Green Bay important. If the Bears lose the drive, they will lose before they ever make the Super Bowl that some thought would have come again by now.
Gone but
If the Bears were hoping to see more of Juaquin Iglesias in the future, theyll likely have their wish after the 2009 third-round pick was signed off the Bears practice squad Saturday by the Minnesota Vikings. Iglesias showed flashes back in training camp but was unable to demonstrate enough consistent playmaker ability to warrant a spot of the regular roster. Iglesias was inactive for all but one game in his rookie season.
Iglesias joins fellow No. 3 pick Jarron Gilbert on the former-Bears list, leaving the Bears with neither of their top 2009 picks. Its unlikely the organization is going to have serious laments on a bad draft, however.
Henry Melton (fourth round) is a force in the defensive-line rotation and possible successor to Tommie Harris as the three-technique in the Bears scheme. D.J. Moore, the Bears second pick in the fourth round, is the No. 1 nickel back and has 4 interceptions. Johnny Knox (fifth round) needs just 40 yards Sunday to pass 1,000. Guard Lance Louis has settled into a backup role but has shown some promise.
And the Bears No. 1 and first No. 3 picks of that draft? They went for Jay Cutler, who has begun to look every bit like the franchise quarterback the trade was intended to secure.
And one more thing.
I didnt make a call on this game earlier because I really didnt know how much the Bears would put into it, in terms of effort, personnel and both. The Bears really dont have anything to play for except what really matters, that being playoff preparations.
They have a quarterback who has never played beyond a regular season since high school and needs to not only stay sharp, but also needs to be better than he has been, because thats what playoffs are about quarterback play. The only player close to a starter that the Bears made inactive was receiver Earl Bennett and that because of an injury.
The other thing that playoffs are about is play on defense, and the Bears group has played progressively worse into this fourth quarter of the season. The Bears kept linebacker Pisa Tinoisamoa active despite his chronic knee issues, if thats any indication of intent. The Bears had their usual list of inactives: defensive backs Craig Steltz and Joshua Moore; running back Khalil Bell; offensive linemen Herman Johnson and Edwin Williams; and defensive lineman Marcus Harrison.
The Bears will definitely take this game seriously, at least through the first half. But I dont think thatll be enough to beat a resurgent and overall very good Green Bay team.
Packers 27 Bears 21
John "Moon" Mullin is CSNChicago.com's Bears Insider, and appears regularly on Bears Postgame Live and Chicago Tribune Live. Follow Moon on Twitter for up-to-the-minute Bears information.


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Start Date: January 2003
Status: Completed
PDF version
Fritz B. Prinz, Professor, Mechanical Engineering; Ryan O'Hayre and Minhwan Lee, Graduate Researchers, Stanford University
The aim of this project is to investigate the conductivity of assemblies consisting of micron and submicron catalyst particles on polymeric electrolyte membranes. Platinum catalyst particles are deposited with the help of a Focused Ion Beam (FIB) system. The FIB allows fabrication of prescribed patterns of platinum particles, which in turn enables systematic studies of particle geometry and its effect on fuel cell behavior. The smallest catalyst particles created by FIB are of the order of hundreds of nanometers. To study fuel cell behavior with catalyst particles of less than 10 nanometer diameter, nano-indentation of platinum coated AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) tips onto a Nafion electrolyte surface is employed. The platinum tips are connected to an impedance spectrum analyzer to measure fuel cell performance.
Fuel cells offer the promise of cleaner electricity with less environmental impact than traditional energy conversion technologies. However, today fuel cell technology is not economically competitive with traditional energy conversion technologies. Recently, fuel cell costs have declined due to technological successes wrought by the incorporation of nano-structured materials. In spite of this success, greater cost reductions and other significant challenges remain. We are still far away from possessing a scientific understanding of processes at nano-scale inside fuel cells. Such understanding is critical for further progress.
The present research pioneers novel electrochemical techniques to study fuel cells at the sub-micron length scale. A first technique employs platinum microelectrodes to examine the Triple Phase Boundary (TPB) properties of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. By constructing geometrically simple, well-defined electrocatalyst structures of various sizes, a relationship between electrocatalyst geometry and electrochemical behavior is clearly delineated. This study provides perhaps the most direct experimental validation to date of the TPB theory. Extending characterization abilities to the nano-scale, a second technique, called AFM impedance imaging, is also developed. AFM impedance imaging allows highly localized measurements of electrochemical properties to be acquired across sample surfaces. The technique is used to qualitatively visualize sub-micron variations in the electrochemical properties of Nafion (fuel cell electrolyte) samples. The AFM impedance technique is further refined by the development of a quantitative measurement methodology. This methodology is validated by AFM impedance-based studies of the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) at nano-scale platinum/Nafion contacts. Use of the quantitative AFM impedance technique provides perhaps the most direct measurement yet of ORR kinetics at nanometer length scales.
While the techniques explored in this research are employed to study the electro-chemical behavior of fuel cells, characterizing and understanding nanostructures is a challenge that extends far beyond the fuel cell realm. Many other devices, such as solar cells, sensors, and thermoelectric converters are expected to benefit from nano-structured materials as well. The parallels between these systems and fuel cells make them highly amenable to the same type of nano-scale visualization and measurement techniques, offering rich opportunities for further research.
The micro-scale platinum features pictured in Figure 1 are fully functioning fuel cells. Truly micro fuel cells, they may in fact be some of the world's smallest Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) ever evaluated. Not surprisingly, the larger the fuel cell, the greater absolute current it delivers. Normalization indicates that fuel cell performance scales with the perimeter of the catalyst particles or the length of the triple phase boundaries. For very small catalyst particles, the particle length scaling switches to an area-based scaling law. This observation provides insight into the diffusion mechanism of oxygen from the perimeter towards the center of the catalyst particles.


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Television star turned Bollywood actress Prachi Desai is one of the rising stars in the Indian film industry. Born on 12 September 1988 in Surat, Gujarat, Prachi has a sister named Esha Desai. Her acting life began with the lead role in Ekta Kapoor's Kasamh Se in the year 2006. Her popularity soared after that and Prachi Desai Photos became popular owing to her cute and bubbly look in the show.
Check out the following collection of beautiful Prachi Desai photos in HD:
She won numerous awards including the Indian Telly Award for her performance in the show. She then participated and won the dancing reality show Jhalak Dikhla Jaa. After doing a cameo in Kasauti Zindagi Ki, she switched over to movies.
Also Read: How To Make your Husband Happy in Bed
Related: Top 10 Best Looking Hot Female Politicians Across the World
Her transition to film industry was initiated with Rock On!! opposite Farhan Akhtar and the movie was a big hit. Then she did Life Partner in 2009. Once Upon a time in Mumbai alongside Emraan Hashmi, Ajay Devgan and Kangana Ranaut was a huge hit and her acting in the movie earned good reviews too.
She won several awards including the Stardust Award for her role in the movie. Bol Bachchan starring Abhishek Bachchan, Ajay Devgan, Prachi Desai and Asin was her career's biggest hit. Then she did I,Me Aur Main and Policegiri. Her item number in Ek Villian starring Shraddha Kapoor, Siddharth Malhotra, and Ritesh Deshmukh was a fan favorite.
Prachi's upcoming movie is Azhar starring Emraan Hashmi and Nargis Fakhri. The movie is the biopic of cricketer Azarudin and she plays the role of his wife in the movie. She is also slated to star in Rock On!! 2. She is rumored to have dated Rohit Shetty but she denies that.


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space exploration has fired the imagination ever since jules verne penned from the earth to the moon and "space, the final frontier…" was uttered on television. images of humans whisking their way across the stars appeals to the romantic notion of exploring the unknown cosmos. but today we're rather hamstrung by our mother planet's stubborn gravity. lifting material into orbit is fantastically expensive, on the order of us$10,000 per pound.
costs like this have kept all but a few humans on the ground permanently, but there are a number of ideas floating around that could revolutionize space travel and bring costs down to the point where anyone could go into space. chief among these ideas is the concept of a space elevator.
right now, to get a pound of anything into orbit requires hundreds or even thousands of pounds of fuel, all exploding in a somewhat controlled, but extremely dangerous, fashion. space elevators would do away with all of this. instead of rockets, a cable would be suspended from a geosynchronous satellite down to a point on the earth's surface near the equator. anything destined for orbit would climb this cable more or less like a conventional elevator. no excessive g-forces, no exploding rockets, no massive aerodynamic stresses, just a smooth ascent to about 50 miles (83 km). space elevators have been featured in science fiction for a while, but scientists recently gathered in santa fe, california to discuss how such a device could actually be built.
oddly enough, we may already have the technology in place to do so. the biggest hurdle in constructing a space elevator is the cable itself. a geosynchronous satellite would orbit at an altitude of 64,800 miles (108,000 km). even if made of the lightest, strongest metals known, a cable this long would snap under its own weight, to say nothing of transporting cargo.
carbon nanotubes, however, have the requisite tensile strength, stiffness, and lightness to make such a cable. experiments indicate the cable would be a hollow cylinder, as little as 3 feet (1 m) wide and as thin as a sheet of paper.
formidable obstacles remain, however. thus far no one has fabricated a carbon nanotube larger than microscopic size, although no one sees any reason why larger ones can't be made.
you can read more about this fascinating idea at the guardian.
eric's opinion
i'll admit it: i'm a space exploration nut. i've followed everything there is to know about the mercury, gemini, apollo, soyuz, and other manned space programs. hubble pictures grace my desktop. i'm a star trek afficionado. if it has anything to do with space and technology, i'm interested in it.
space elevators, as i said above, will revolutionize the entire concept of space travel and might finally open up the stars for the largesse of humanity. it could be one of the best things that's every happened to this tiny blue orb.
nasa's commiting funds, but a paltry few million. nasa spends billions on such flawed programs as the shuttle and the iss. it's a pity nasa's vision no longer extends to the stars. it's instead rooted in lucrative government contracts and good ole boy networks. the spirit that fired apollo is dead.
while writing this article, a darker thought intruded into this grandiose idea: terrorism. building a space elevator would be incredibly expensive and time consuming. what a tempting target that would make for another plane filled with religious fanatics! forget killing thousands of civilians by toppling skyscrapers, you could cripple a national space infrastructure quite easily by slicing the cable with an airliner, a fighter plane, or maybe even a small civilian aircraft.
such a thing as a space elevator could enrich and enliven all of humanity, but i have no doubt that there's some wacko, some thug, or some fanatic out there right now who would cheerfully destroy it all out of sheer malice. such is the reality of our world.
it is my sincere belief that opening space to cheaper exploration and exploitation will lead to a more stable, more prosperous global environment. even our own solar system contains a virtually inexhaustible supply of resources and energy that's there for the taking. we need to get out there.
user comments 81 comment(s)
|and when the cable breaks (1:49pm est wed sep 17 2003)
if they can create such a cable, it comes crashing down killing thousands. – by the shaft
|no (2:00pm est wed sep 17 2003)
it goes flying out into space – by cfour
|redundancy (2:07pm est wed sep 17 2003)
if you can make a single cable, you can make 3 or 4 spaced apart. so long as a single cable survives life is good.
it might also allow the maintenance/repair of an active elevator.
space has always been a hostile environment, redundancy is always part of the equation.
|well……. (2:21pm est wed sep 17 2003)
i believe that we need some way to colinize other planets. i am also fascinated by space travel and exploration. but i don't think that suspending cables into space and creating an elavator is engineering or economically possible at this time in science. i'm sorry to say that this new idea does not create a fesible alternative of transportation to space. and i also concurr with eric when he says it's a terrorists gift. im afraid the only way we can reach the stars fornow is by rocketry. – by alpha
|plus (2:22pm est wed sep 17 2003)
i am sure this would be heavily secured with rocket launchers and lasers and such – anything trying to get near would have it's ass blown off without second thought. i think one thing that 9/11 has shown all of us is that there are idiots in the world trying very hard to undermine thier children.. trust is earned and i don't think many people are willing to trust first anymore. sad.. – by ai-joe
|correction (2:23pm est wed sep 17 2003)
i misspelled colonize and didnt space between for and now – by alpha
|going down… (2:26pm est wed sep 17 2003)
it reminds me of an aerosmith song… – by steve
|skeptical at best… (2:33pm est wed sep 17 2003)
let's consider the required tensil strength required. the cable must be able to withstand the weight of the cable, the strength of the winds, thermal expansion/contraction plus the weight of any freight. this is all in addition to whatever exiting forces are on it due to the centrifical force that keeps the cable in place to start with.
so, say we can build it (which i think is a huge leap of faith). consider the surface area exposed to the next huricane, thunderstorm or simple gust of wind. if it flexes, does the constant flexing set up a standing wave? how about elastic degradation? oxidation? lightning strikes? – by hodar
|wow, so much fear (2:38pm est wed sep 17 2003)
relax guys, stop watching fox news, something. the thing doesn't even exist, and already you are afraid of what it might do or what might happen to it.
it is far more likely that when an elevator is built, it will be coopted for military use, that is my fear.
but why focus on fears in the face of something with so much positiver potential. we can be aware of the dangers even as we are supporting this endevor, and hopefully we can see this in our lifetime. – by stinky pete
|aaaaaaaaaaaaaahhhhhhh!!!!!!!! (2:43pm est wed sep 17 2003)
sigh sigh sigh sigh sigh….. – by john
|isn't this (2:47pm est wed sep 17 2003)
an old arthur clarke story? the sequel to 2010? as i recall, the south pacific, or indian ocean are ideal locations. the human urge to explore can't be stopped, only delayed. – by darwin
|worth to note… (2:50pm est wed sep 17 2003)
i think it's worth to note arthur c. clarke's novel "a space odyssey: 3001" in which he described huge towers dubbed "space elevators". also, in a later press conference about said book reporters asked him when he thought these space elevators would be developed. to which he replied, "probably about 50 years after everyone quits laughing."
looks like we've stopped laughing because nasa (among others) has been researching this idea for some time now.
also, nicely said pete. americans are the most fear-bent group of people on this planet. stop watching american news… start watching canadian news.. shit… you'll probably live longer. ) – by johny-d
|stinky pete (2:55pm est wed sep 17 2003)
hmm, does this mean you have to relax as well? you are already thinking about it getting coopted for military use and it hasn't been built yet.
everything is speculation until it's been built. but that's what this thread would be for.
another case of the pot calling the kettle black. – by ww
|ahh…. (3:02pm est wed sep 17 2003)
once we make this cable….how do we get it out to the satelite? a ladder? tie it on the back of the shuttle? – by doc_stihl
|how to assemble? (3:16pm est wed sep 17 2003)
i imagine it would be in sections. starting from the satelite they slowly build it towards the ground. – by maybe?
|space elevator is cool (3:18pm est wed sep 17 2003)
i truly think this is the next big thing….mars here we come…i hope i ride up with sting…
adoodoodoo adaadaadaa – by eric r
|hey (3:18pm est wed sep 17 2003)
who will make the huge "out of order" sign that will be required for an elevator this big? -)) – by d0geek
|ummm…. (3:36pm est wed sep 17 2003)
if there's an elevator pulling something up from earth is it not also pulling itself down? will there be huge engines on this thing or what? – by b0zak
|elevators (3:37pm est wed sep 17 2003)
first reference was by a russian (mid 1930's i think)
the clark book is "fountains of paradise".
hit it with an airplane… it will cut the plane in half or thirds. and not be severly hurt.
at low altitudes where fire is supported (0-20,000 feet) there might be some damage. not likely since the fuel and plane would be falling away from the ribbon unless it hit the building at the base. in which case, a few thousand feet of ribbon might evaporate (it's only 2 atoms thick unless woven of multiple ribbons…).
nothing else happens. doesn't fall (it's held up by that stretch on the other side of geosynchronous orbit).
the bigger problem is the junk in low orbit (though that could be eliminated by carring water to a level above low orbit and venting to the vaccum. as the frozen droplets fall they would be hit by the junk slowing it down out of orbit as well as deflecting it to the side).
it would be nice.
read the book.
|this is a joke (3:41pm est wed sep 17 2003)
this won't solve anything. it will just put a bunch of junk into space.
we need to reinvent propulsion. it's our only method to escape the planet.
nasa is a joke! they won't do anything thing significant in out lifetime.
the thing is reinventing propulsion is a cache 51. it's a threat to national security. imagine a nuke or some other object achieving destination within mins. there goes central intelligence.
bottom line, humanity is on the eve of destruction. we can choose for something unknown to end without the technology to escape or we can provide the tech ourselves to end it.
it's sad, but i can't see it any other either way. our real problem is socialism. we can't get along on the internet. – by mpeg3s
|by the way (3:47pm est wed sep 17 2003)
there are other methods related to space elevators that can be done sooner…
one is to use a 120 mile long ribbon in orbit. the ribbon rotates like a wheel such that the end toward the earch is moving at near 0 speed relative to the earth. use this end to attach to a transport pod (at 70 miles altitude). the pod then rotates away from the earth. at the high end of the rotation it lets go (60 miles above the center of rotations) to reach a high orbit. reverse the procedure to come down.
momentum must be maintained, so some fuel will still be needed by the hub (center of rotation) to maintin orbital speed.
other writeups use a hub with spokes attached to a wheel for the same thing.
|catapult (3:52pm est wed sep 17 2003)
don't you think a space catapult would be more fun? plus we'd have the added bonus of using it to hurl giant rocks at countries like canada. -)
seriously, it's a cool concept but i think it's more likely that we'll come up with better propulsion systems before we could get a project like this 'off the ground' (no pun intended) plus, independent spacecraft have the advantage of being a lot more versatile. – by jmac
|re: b0zak (3:54pm est wed sep 17 2003)
"also pulling itself down.."
yes and no. yes momentum must be maintained, but not a problem for 10-15000 years. the engine keeping the elevator up is the earths daily rotation.
momentum is conserved when incoming traffic matches outgoing.
more outgoing would reduce the earths rotation, makeing a day last longer (not detectable on any single transfer). incoming traffic would speed up the rotation, reducing the length of a day. – by old sampler
|old sample (3:58pm est wed sep 17 2003)
thanks for the reply :) – by b0zak
|gravity sucks (4:05pm est wed sep 17 2003)
what keeps the elevator car from pulling the satellite and the bulk of the cable back down to earth?
could it be that the centrifugal force at a given distance from earth to space is a stronger counter agent to gravity?
fortunately we have that big moon so we have a lower gravity place to jump off from when its time for deep space exploration.
i read they could use a monorail to launch stuff off the moon so maybe they should just invent a giganto monorail for slinging stuff off of the earth..
– by geekzilla
|antecedents (4:09pm est wed sep 17 2003)
first, arthur c. clarke was the **scientist** who wrote the paper inventing geosynchronous communications satellites.
secondly, arthur c. clarke was the **scientist** and popular writer who — based on his ideas expanded from the work of a soviet **scientist** about a "space elevator" — published the novel _the fountains of paradise_ in 1979.
thirdly, fellow **scientist** and popular writer charles sheffield [who was a friend of mine as well as the chief scientist of the earth satellite corporation] published his novel _the web between the worlds_ about a "beanstalk" also in 1979.
both of these men held double firsts in mathematics and physics [our equivalent of simultaneously acquiring double master's degrees as undergraduates] from the most prestigious universities in england.
i would also suggest reading david gerrold's _jumping off the planet_ series for a fully realized [and delightfully entertaining] exegesis of the dynamics and engineering problems inherent in a space elevator. – by jj brannon
|re: mpeg3s (4:12pm est wed sep 17 2003)
"this won't solve anything. it will just put a bunch of junk into space.
we need to reinvent propulsion. it's our only method to escape the planet."
you must learn to crawl before you can walk or run. right now there's very little incentive to develop long-distance space transportation because of the enormous costs of just getting into orbit. you're missing the whole point of the space elevator by being shortsighted here.
a rocket, any rocket, will use 90% of its fuel load just getting into orbit. a space elevator would eliminate this phase. once in orbit, going at least orbital velocity (18,000mph) escaping orbit will be far easier. a space elevator could even be used to "slingshot" rockets on their way somewhere. remember, the counterweight for the elevator will be in a geosynchronous orbit, moving at many times the orbital velocity of low-earth-orbit satellites. any craft lauched from the counterweight would receive this velocity for free, not needing any rocket power whatsoever. far from your prediction, it would eliminate much of the need for more radical propulsion discovery!
but we still need better propulsion technology, which is where the space elevator comes in again. right now, the best theoretical propulsion ideas revolve around nuclear principles. unfortunately, you can't launch a fission (or a theoretical fusion) rocket from the earth's surface without lots of environmental contamination. aha! but if you didn't have to launch from inside earth's biosphere, this limitation is removed! nuclear propulsion, making use of an orbit-elevator slingshot, could make the earth-mars transit in just a month, but conventional chemical rockets launched from earth need a year!
you need to think bigger, and longer term. your "space junk" characterization shows you're thinking shallowly. – by j. eric smith
|air defense! (4:24pm est wed sep 17 2003)
a simple soloution to this. definitly install devensive missiles and restrict airspace around this thing. then no religious fanatic #@#*($@#5t can get near it, it would be great to see such a thing built, and im still young so i believe i will see this come to reality before 2030.
on planes to stop them crashing into builings, infustructures they should have the capability to be overrided somehow , how an automatic long range sensor to avoid these objects giving no control to the user of the plane
– by matt
|matt (4:27pm est wed sep 17 2003)
sorry mistake in last post,
planes should be overrided by computer control or high security override if they were to head for a building, installing a smart computer into a plane shouldnt be a problem , should it?
– by matt
|no engine required (4:36pm est wed sep 17 2003)
addressing the points of "what keeps this thing up in orbit"…have none of you ever twirled a rock at the end of a string? what keeps the rock whirling around instead of falling down? centrifugal force, of course! or, as purists would call it, inertia.
a space elevator would require a ground station situated somewhere near the equator and an orbit station placed in a geosynchronous orbit. any object in a geosync orbit *stays* there. it orbits the earth at the same speed the earth rotates, thus keeping it over the same spot on the ground. orbital mechanics would keep the orbit station up, not rockets or any other propulsion. thank isaac newton.
as for those of you bemoaning "what happens when a hurricane this this thing"…again, you're not thinking too far along, are you? there aren't a lot of desirable land-based spots along the equator, but who says the earth station has to be land based? the most feasible plans call for an ocean-based earth station. this has a number of advantages. first, you don't worry so much about national sovereignty. second, the platform can be movable to a certain extent. hurricane coming? move the platform. the orbit station counterweight could change orbit (within limits) to accomodate movements of the ground station.
lastly, someone up there griped about the cable falling down and killing a lot of people. if it's in the middle of the ocean, it's not going to kill anyone, but in reality the cable would not fall — at least, not completely. if a terrorist sliced the cable at, say, 30,000 feet, the bottom 30,000 feet would indeed fall down, but the upper 424,080,000 feet would remain in place, anchored to the orbit counterweight.
in fact, this points out the logical way to design the system in the first place. cable would not be made on the ground and towed up, it would be made in orbit and lowered down. if something catastrophic were to happen to the cable, more cable could be made, attached to the orbit end of the existing cable, and lowered down. – by j. eric smith
|ways to defend the cable against terrorists (4:44pm est wed sep 17 2003)
missles and such might be of some use to defend the cable, but i don't see it doing much good from a short range perspective. unless you completely destroy the plane a good distance away from the cable, any terrorist might have a chance to glide or crash-land a crippled plane into the cable.
what would most likely work is a large hemispherical "no fly" zone around the cable. any aircraft entering this zone would be instantly intercepted and, if needed, shot down. if the ground station were located on land, this would not be too much trouble because it would have to be on the equator. there aren't a lot of really big cities near the equator. if the ground station were in the ocean, you'd have to send passengers and cargo via boats in order to preserve the no-fly zone. i suppose some radical fanatic yearning for his particular 72 virgins in paradise might try to sneak a nuke onto an ocean transport, but rigorous screening would likely make such an endeavor difficult to pull off — far more difficult than hijacking a plane. – by j. eric smith
|saturn v (4:47pm est wed sep 17 2003)
forget space elevators, just build a more powerful, modernised saturn v! space elevators are extremely boring! at least with the saturn v you get plenty of noise and excitement, which you will never get with space elevators!!! space elevators will completely take out the thrill of space exploration! – by dominic pledger
|conservation of… (5:16pm est wed sep 17 2003)
angular momentum. could you really move your object up the cable all the way to the counterweight "for free"? by conservation of angular momentum, shouldn't moving a massive object farther out from the axis of rotation require the rotation as a whole to slow down i.e. counter weight no longer at orbital velocity unless you kick it up a notch? i'm supposing you could use more efficient electrical means for moving objects up and down the cable, but wouldn't getting that weight to go faster require the same old chem rockets needed for propulsion in space? i suppose the fuel could be pumped up the center of the pipe or carted up, but it doesn't seem like it would be "free". i might be wrong since this just occured to me, but it seems that the advantage of a space elevator would be potentially more efficient means of getting stuff up, but not getting stuff up without imparting the energy to that stuff one would otherwise have to have done. – by binarius
|another idea (5:34pm est wed sep 17 2003)
sorry, a bit off topic perhaps…but…
…the big expense with the space shuttle is that it needs such vast volumes of fuel (of course the enormous fuel tanks are extremely expensive as well). i think it should be possible to make space travel cheaper if you could launch the shuttle from some high mountain and with some high initial velocity attained by some cheap means(thus reducing the need for fuel, making smaller fuel tanks possible and everything gets cheaper).
my suggestion is to build a vertical tunnel inside some big mountain with some kind of vertical maglev track (needs only "cheap" electricity). the track will start at sea level and go to the top of the mountain (perhaps 5000 m asl) the shuttle will then be loaded on the maglev train/elevator which accelerates it to the top of the mountain and there releases the shuttle at 5000 m asl and with a very high velocity. a reasonable upward acceleration would be perhaps 5 m/s^2 which would give the shuttle an initial velocity of 220 m/s (800 km/h) when it leaves the elevator track. during every launch the tunnel should be pumped so the air pressure is the same as at 5000 m (perhaps 60% of sea level pressure). maybe it would even be possible to create a vacuum in the tunnel so that the elevating vehicle won't experience any air resistance at all, thus making it alot easier to reach the needed velocity. as a safety precaution the shuttle itself should probably turn on its engines already at the bottom of the tunnel, but not give full gas until it is clear out of the mountain.
of course this would be extremely expensive to build but since you could use it for thousands of launches it would be worth it. – by svitjod
|why use a cable? (5:40pm est wed sep 17 2003)
if the cable is the main sticking point, why not use a hydraulic lift instead? – by dust
|read the published info (5:42pm est wed sep 17 2003)
what happens if?
edwards and his colleagues working on the concept have well-researched answers to your questions/objections already. go to the isr website () and read the papers.
|liftwatch.org (5:53pm est wed sep 17 2003)
we've just started liftwatch.org, a news/portal site dedicated to discussion of space elevators and related technologies. come check it out!
– by chris
|re: svitjod (6:01pm est wed sep 17 2003)
first off, the highest mountains on the planet represent the merest fraction of the altitude needed for orbit and space travel. sure, a 15,000 foot peak puts you three miles closer to orbit…but orbit requires you to be about 54 miles up! increasing the altitude won't help enough to matter.
further, launch sites for anything leaving the earth's surface need to be close to the equator. nasa doesn't launch shuttle from florida because they like they weather. they do it because they use the earth's rotation to "boost" rockets leaving the surface. this is why almost all rockets are launched in trajectories that follow the earth's rotation instead of counteracting it. if you look on a map, you'll see there aren't a lot of mountainous regions located near the equator, and those that are don't exactly seem very hospitable.
the maglev launch system you mention is a viable technology, though. it would work, but has a number of drawbacks. first and foremost, there's earth's atmosphere. anything being fired from your electric launcher would have to overcome aerodynamic friction as well as the earth's gravity. the payload would have to either be very small or the launcher would have to be very big — too big to be any more cost effective than current launch technologies.
really, until we master an efficient form of antigravity, there's not going to be a more cost-effective way to get into space than the space elevator. it's just got too much going for it. – by j. eric smith
|a hydraulic lift? (6:07pm est wed sep 17 2003)
care to comment on how you'd construct a hydraulic lift 62,000 miles long? – by j. eric smith
|elevator music? (6:44pm est wed sep 17 2003)
the idea of magnetic launching is something that has been toyed with. the military has experimented with magnetic guns. the problems are
1. the power required to operate the magnets
2. getting the magnets to temperatures low enough to become super conductive.
also there used to be a program for using a giant gun to shoot small (150lbs) payloads into space.
one thing does scare me about the space elevator idea. space elevator music. can you imagine listening to elevator music for the length of time it would take to get 50 miles up? – by chris
|discovery channel program (7:22pm est wed sep 17 2003)
there is a discovery channel program that i saw a few months ago that described space elevators.
to call this thing a cable or a ribbin is an understatement. the show i watch depicted this cable similar to the main support cables of the golden gate bridge, they looked like they were the thickness of a greyhound bus. the lift was huge, it looked like you could put the whole space shuttle inside of it.
the show i watched also said the there are suspention bridges on the planet today that have as much cable in them as such a space elevator would.
i think the big hurdle is getting the strength to wieght ratio as high as possible for this to be practical. hence the use of some super material to get it done. the article estimated around $7 billion, given that a submarine, a semiconductor fab, or a really big sky scraper cost about $1 billion i think $7 billion would be a bargan. much better deal than a fleet of space shuttles at several billion apiece…
|50 miles up @ 50 mph = 1 hr (7:24pm est wed sep 17 2003)
i don't think going up 50 miles would take as long as people might think. if you elevator hit a top speed of 50 miles per hour (not hard to do), it wouldn't be that much longer than my daily commute… – by 50 miles
|classical forces (7:41pm est wed sep 17 2003)
hmmm… i'd like to see the balance-of-forces equation for this thing, i bet it's pretty nasty. – by mathhead
|discovery and 50 miles (7:48pm est wed sep 17 2003)
read edwards' paper rather than trusting the discovery channel. (which i enjoy, but that's not the point.) the proposed elevator is about 3 ft wide at the widest point and about a micron thick. this much mass can be orbited by a few eelvs. a cable the width and density of a bus would require star trek technology to orbit, and in that case the elevator would be superfluous, hmmm? :)
but you are right, the only major question mark in the proposal is manufacturing a carbon-nanotube composite cable with the necessary strength, durability and light weight. everything else is standard aerospace engineering, pretty much.
secondly… where did the 50-mile figure come from? the elevator as proposed can take payloads to, and release them from, any point along its 62,000 mile length. payloads released from the end would have enough energy to go to the outer planets.
patrick – by patrick
|one more nit (7:55pm est wed sep 17 2003)
while the cable is 60-something thousand miles long, most of it is above geosync, which is at about 22,000 miles rather than 64,800 as stated in the article. – by patrick
|lol (8:02pm est wed sep 17 2003)
and when the cable breaks (1:49pm est wed sep 17 2003)
if they can create such a cable, it comes crashing down killing thousands. – by the shaft
no (2:00pm est wed sep 17 2003)
actually, the cable comes down killing thousands (maybe), the satellite remains in its geosynchronous orbit.
i like this idea for anti gravity, but this doesn't bring us any closer to a technology to be used for nasa space exploration. i doubt this thing would be able to bring up a spacecraft to transport astronauts to mars or the moon for example. it would primarily serve as a tourist attractions. sure, i would go, but would it really be anymore useful than the statue of liberty? and how would you stop a terrorist from simply going and blowing up the wire or flying into it with a plane? just my 0.02 – by mystix
|gut level mtbf (8:14pm est wed sep 17 2003)
every system has a mtbf (mean-time between failures) that is estimated in part by the number of things that can go wrong. the 5m sqft fabric area and corresponding number of molecular bonds must surely* exceed the complexity of the relatively tiny space shuttle with its reliability-challenged o-ring seals and heat-deflecting tiles. which would you rather inspect? how would it hold up under isabel? k.i.s.s. (keep it simple stupid.)
*but not necessarily – by electron
|this idea doesn't make any sence (8:51pm est wed sep 17 2003)
think how big this object has to be to maintain orbit while elevating things into orbit
unless you use something really big and heavy it will be using a lot of fuel just to maintain orbit.
i guess you would be pumping the fuel from the ground
well – that might work even if its small – by bill
|re: j. eric smith (10:10pm est wed sep 17 2003)
i don't think i'm shallow. i just look at our oceans, etc.
anyways, if you think i mean based fuel propulsion your thinking nasa caveman technology.
crap fuel propulsion, it won't get it out of the solar system. – by mpeg3s
|re: eric j. smith (10:49pm est wed sep 17 2003)
i don't know, it might need to be patched because of a buffer overflow problem. – by uneedavacation
|ramp (11:15pm est wed sep 17 2003)
what happened to the ramp idea? the one where the object to be sent into space is launched off a ramp (sling shot???) i forget the term. – by aggg
|re:bill (11:41pm est wed sep 17 2003)
why would it need to use fuel to maintain orbit? the moon seems to do a good job without fuel, and i think it is bigger than anything involved in any plans for a space elevator. or how about the earth, it doesn't seem to need fuel to orbit the sun. – by someoneelse
|carbon nanotubes are stronger than airplanes (12:29am est thu sep 18 2003)
why are we worried about people flying planes into this thing. if it can support 10000km of its own weight + counterweight it wouldn't cost much extra to make the bottom few km a little thicker to survive aircraft impact. a aluminium aircarft would be cut in half. – by mmdcnt
|re:lol (12:59am est thu sep 18 2003)
"i like this idea for anti gravity, but this doesn't bring us any closer to a technology to be used for nasa space exploration. i doubt this thing would be able to bring up a spacecraft to transport astronauts to mars or the moon for example. it would primarily serve as a tourist attractions. "
i think you miss the potential here. wouldn't they be able to dock space ships at the station that the cable leads up to? passengers could take the elevator up to the station and then board an already orbiting space craft. the only problem now is fueling it. – by elite
|ignorance (1:58am est thu sep 18 2003)
the elevator pad will be built int he middle of the ocean far from any airline routes. this has been said so many times in the history of the project. besides an airliner hitting a cables as hard as diamond would result in a sliced in two airliner with a nice guitar note emiting from the cable. (or something like that).
if the cable ever snapped, it would launch out in space nver to be seen again, like someone stated above, tie a rock to an end of a string and swing it around…. what happens when if the string breaks? does the rock and string come to you? no.
obviously the cable station would have defences, the only real threat regarding location is submarines. – by simplistic minds
|answer (2:02am est thu sep 18 2003)
"i think you miss the potential here. wouldn't they be able to dock space ships at the station that the cable leads up to? passengers could take the elevator up to the station and then board an already orbiting space craft. the only problem now is fueling it. – by elite"
an already orbiting shuttle would require very little energy for momentum while in space. a docked shutle could use solar power perhaps, or the same system that will power the elevator, laser. the elevator will be powered by laser being shot at a unit that will collect the energy from the laser beam. no reason a "space ferry" couldnt do the same. – by simplistic minds
|what about such a "elevator" as a power-source? (3:10am est thu sep 18 2003)
couldn't one use the different electrical potentials between ground level and the upper end to harvest big amounts of energy?
i read something like that about future satellites using long "tethers" to get power…
– by frontiersrock
|the final frontier (3:56am est thu sep 18 2003)
we're getting closer and closer to a star trek universe. – by captain kirk
|sponsored by great adventurestheme parks (4:41am est thu sep 18 2003)
ok if it fails, i hope great adventures bids for this elevator thingy to be the worlds (universe) longest free fall ride there is! what fun….comming down to earth with charcoal griddles on our cheeks! hahaha – by lmb
|engine noise (5:44am est thu sep 18 2003)
there is nothing like the noise of five f-1 engines at full thrust!!! resurrect the saturn v at once!!! – by dominic pledger
|isn't it rocket science? (5:50am est thu sep 18 2003)
ok, let's suppose it is all buildable now, including the lift "cable". would it really be more efficient?
as the load is lifted will it not attempt to pull the top station down, thus affecting it's orbit and therefore it's geo-stationaryness (to possibly coin a new term). if the top station is to maintain it's position it will have to use fuel. how is this fuel any different to the fuel used in getting a standard rocket into orbit? i first thought "a rocket has to lift the payload as well as the fuel". but wait a minute, this fuel is already up there in space, so it had to be lifted up there.
so, how about the earth end of the cable is not fixed to anything. the payload is attached (using a scoutish application for knot tying) to the end and the top station alters it's orbit to move away from earth. would this be any more efficient? the load is lifted from earth, but energy has to be imparted at the top end to make it happen.
where are the energy savings? – by confused
|whoa (7:35am est thu sep 18 2003)
now i see what they are going to do. this huge lump of space station will be whizzing around tied to planet earth via the cable or ribbon. so as long as the climbing load doesn't impart more downward force than is already apparent as an upward force in the cable itself……
hmm, i hope they can release the cable from the bottom end pretty quick, cos if the top station goes walkabouts it will be like a conker on the end of a piece of string.
|i repeat… (10:48am est thu sep 18 2003)
go read _jumping off the planet_, _fountains of paradise_, & _web between the worlds_ if you don't want to slog through technical papers.
these highly entertaining novels all do an excellent job of informing one of the engineering constraints, physics, and energy production capabilities of beanstalks.
david gerrold said to me just before christmas last year that he regularly taps the expertise of a nuclear engineer he knows who looks like someone's kid brother.
when people see them together they ask david who his friend is and he's always confusing them when he says his buddy's a military officer and nuclear engineer, with a ph.d. in nuclear physics.
i advised david, "just say he's my muclear physics expert and ask, where's yours?" – by jj brannon
|tower of babel? (11:59am est thu sep 18 2003)
sure got some babel goin on here…
is is possible?…most likely.
should it be done?…i don't know.
i really think it would be a short sighted solution to the problem and clean, safe, efficient vehicles will be around before it could be done. but that is just a guess. i am assuming that the future holds technologies that will be far more efficient at getting payloads in to orbit and beyond. technologies that involve vehicles. all really speculation. the engineering problems are enormous, complex, and even the expets do not fully appreciate all of them yet i am sure. it will be interesting to see how this develops.
there will be commercial flights to space soon and not long after that commercial orbital flights. the engines (clean burning by the way) have already been full burn tested. with such things on the horizon it is hard to justify such a huge engineering exercise. but it is interesting. – by astronut
|i love this stuff (12:10pm est thu sep 18 2003)
i love this stuff.
building a space elevator, the sooner the better. designing the technology to build it, the sooner the better.
a mound of a city apearing from nowhere centered on this artifact. new economies, new social structures, new possibilities. yes terrorism will always be a threat but it will be just another problem to be solved. the technology that can build such a thing will also be able to break it. if one is built more will be built thereafter.
oh by the way, it will probably have to be built all in one piece, in space. once the first is deployed why would the builders stop with just one? why would they stop with earth? they will sprout from our moon, mars, venus, mercury, io and all the engineering problems for each will be solved.
i love this stuff, the sooner the better. – by big al g
|re confused (12:29pm est thu sep 18 2003)
that was exactly my point
they will have to use fuel and rockets anyway – by bill
|"the spirit that fired apollo is dead." (1:24pm est thu sep 18 2003)
i'm suprised no one has commented on this yet.
the soviet union is indeed dead.
let's not forget in our "noble space exploration" fervor that the reason we got to the moon so quickly was simply to beat the soviets there. there has been little or no competition in space exploration for over a decade.
the idea (idealistic concept?) of a space elevator in the middle of the ocean (so there are no soverignty issues) is nice, but that means no nation will fund it. that leaves corporations or a group af nations as the only possible backers, neither of which will happen without the (exclusive) economic benefits being shown long beforehand. – by jrink
|i have an idea (1:43pm est thu sep 18 2003)
why not nuke all of the middle east, flatten it out and build the elevator there?? – by wd
|hello (3:37pm est thu sep 18 2003)
this idea has been around since the 1950s, but has been firmly beyond our reach until the bucky-ball was discovered in the early 90s. the biggest problem to this plan is of course weight, since this elevator would have a total length of 60,000 feet. thanks, got to go. the damn professor is making me leave
bye- – by joe
|confused (4:04pm est thu sep 18 2003)
.. please do what jj brannon said in the earlier post…
but in a nutshell – do elevators in large building need huge amounts of fuel and rockets… anyways – same principle – counterweights and balance – could be done in two ways – with a counterweight that would be lowered and raised at the end of the rope (beyond the satellite) or exactly like an earth elavator works – one comes down while another goes up. – by snipe
|bill, i explained the how it works.. (4:23pm est thu sep 18 2003)
this idea doesn't make any sence (8:51pm est wed sep 17 2003)
think how big this object has to be to maintain orbit while elevating things into orbit
unless you use something really big and heavy it will be using a lot of fuel just to maintain orbit.
i guess you would be pumping the fuel from the ground
well – that might work even if its small – by bill
they will have to use fuel and rockets anyway – by bill
now why would rockets and fuel be needed? the space elevator will have its own motors, it will climb the ribbon with potentially large rubber rollers that grip the ribbon. it will not have any power cords, cables, pulleys or counter weights or any sort. it will be an independent climber. its power will come from a laser at the base station that will beam power into a power converter onboard the elevator.
snipe, this is how it will work, none of the ways you mentioned. ) they are all way too impracticle.
– by simplistic minds
|re: j. eric smith (4:49pm est thu sep 18 2003)
about my "maglev elevator" idea. you are probably right that it wouldn't make a very big difference just putting the launch a few kilometres asl. and the initial velocity will only carry the shuttle another 2-3km up or so, so it wouldn't matter much. probably the cost of building such a thing would be as expensive as rebuilding iraq, so it won't happen. about equatorial mountains. the himalayas are at about the same latitude as florida and surely there must be some high mountains in indonesia and south america. perhaps you could even use the volcano kilimanjaro in kenya! )
about the space elevator idea, i agree it's a really cool concept. however, i would be gladly surprised if it was built during my lifetime. i believe that if it's ever built it will be built by red china which i think will be the real super power in this world some 30-50 years ahead. i've heard that the chinese are planning to send some men to the moon in a few years time. at least they are willing to put some money into space research, and their economy is getting stronger for every day (which is hardly true for the us and europe). – by svitjod
|simplistic (4:54pm est thu sep 18 2003)
it will not have any power cords, cables, pulleys or counter weights or any sort.
assuming that the weight of the elevator car is insignificant in proportion to the weight of the cable then you could be right – however i don't think it will be that simple..
if you simply took a weight and 'wizzed' it around the earth it would take a hell of an anchor to keep it grounded (read impossible) surely it would be easier if you let the cable below the geosync orbit balance the part above the geosync orbit – then it would simply float above ground. – by snipe
|pulleys (5:08pm est thu sep 18 2003)
btw: i did not mention any pulleys – i simply said as one weight goes up another most move down the cable (if both are below the geosync point – if you put one weight above the geosync point then you would move both up or down though at different rates to keep the total cable balanced around the geosync point) – by snipe
|snipe, and others… (6:20pm est thu sep 18 2003)
why don't you save yourself a lot of head scratching and useless speculation, and go read the paper?
perhaps you will convince yourself that los alamos physicists really can do physics. :) also it's a fun read. – by patrick
|re: patrick (9:21pm est thu sep 18 2003)
thanks for that link…
while i am convinced that los alamos physicists can do physics i also believe they do make mistakes…
what i wrote is correct. the cable has to be in gravitational balance between the earth pulling it down and it's rotation pulling it away. it is not simply matter of taking a heavy object and twirling it above earth.
however, with statements such as
so while it may be armchair science, i rather like to debate and discuss and i still don't appreciate being told to shut up and let the 'real' scientists figure everything out. – by snipe
|i got the solution (7:07am est fri sep 19 2003)
this is a joke, ok?
why don't we tie the cable to the moon?
– by mpeg3s
|snipe (9:29am est fri sep 19 2003)
your last statement [and the interpretation of the excerpt from which derives] seems to miss the concepts.
[once again, this is all covered in the novels i mentioned, and in charles sheffield's non-fiction borderlands of science.]
the nanofilaments are grown/extruded up and down from a geosynch satellite so that the mass-centroid lies in a stable orbit.
the spinning string example is accurate, requiring >40k miles unless a large counter-mass — such as a small asteroid is added to the orbital terminus.
geosynch doesn't change, but to balance the mass-velocity equations, the closer the counter-mass is to the geosynch fulcrum, the larger it must be.
imagine a seesaw/teeter-totter with a 70-lb kid 4' feet from the swivel-axis [280 ft-lb] and yourself with on the opposite shrinking torgue-arm.
neglecting friction, at 2' you need 140#, at 1'->280#, 6″->560#, 3″->1120#, 1″->2240#, and at 0″-> infinity.
no, you don't fuel. a beanstalk collects a stupendous amount of energy not only from kinetic effects, but from whipping through earth's magnetic field at >1000 mph[surface] or >7000 mph [geosynch]. we will neglect extra-atmospheric solar cell surfacing as trivial compared to the other effects.
a beanstalk is a power-generator able to support several small nations.
once a beanstalk is built, the fuel needs for a lunar trip are reduced by a factor of 1000 at least.
however, the construction cost will probably be in excess of four trillion dollars. – by jj brannon
|hey snipe… (1:53pm est fri sep 19 2003)
no offense didn't mean to say you should shut up. just that there is a lot of available information that clears up many of the questions posed on this forum.
the swinging-string analogy is not complete, because other forces are at work with the space elevator–namely, the earth's gravity. the elevator isn't just held up by centrifugal force, it's in orbit around a massive gravity-generating body. a guy swinging a bucket on a string doesn't exert sufficient gravitational force on it to noticeably affect its motion. (theoretically, yes practically, no.)
there's a lot of math involved in describing orbits, but for the se it boils down to the fact that for any planet, there is only a single orbital altitude at which an object can be geosynchronous, and for the earth that is at about 22,400 mi. or so. anything lower, and a posigrade object drifts to the east as seen from the ground, because its angular velocity is greater than the rotating earth's anything higher, and the object drifts to the west as seen from the ground, because its angular velocity is lower than the earth's. (this is why the moon is 15 degrees further west in the sky every night.) and an object that stays motionless in the sky with respect to north/south must also have zero inclination to the equator–geostationary (geo). the se is actually a satellite in geostationary orbit–a very looonnnggg satellite, sufficiently long that its bottom touches the ground. to pull that off it must have a counterweight above geo such that the center of mass remains in geo. – by patrick
|insert a semicolon (1:56pm est fri sep 19 2003)
this site doesn't seem to like semicolons, and i like them a lot. so in my above post, insert semicolons where things seem to run together–for instance, after "no offense" and "rotating earth's." – by patrick
|machenics (6:13am est mon oct 02 2006)
tell me more about torgue and angula velocity – by lain


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Art, architecture and culture
Europe has traditionally been considered the centre of the art world. The cities of the continent are virtually artworks themselves, full as they are of contrasting architectures, green spaces and monuments, whilst further afield, the New World is the setting for many avant-garde movements past and present. The tours in our range are hosted by specialists, sometimes celebrities known in their field such as Eric Knowles and provide a fantastic opportunity to learn, appreciate and meet fellow travellers with similar interests to you.
Art, architecture and culture
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Staff Picks Everything you've ever... The lowdown on a joyous Jewish tradition that's celebrated around the world


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Shadow communications spokesman Malcolm Turnbull has announced his intention to introduce a private members bill to Federal Parliament seeking a "detailed 10-year business plan" for the NBN.
In a brief statement issued today, Turnbull said he had Coalition joint party room support for the National Broadband Network Financial Transparency Bill 2010.
In addition to requiring NBN Co to produce a decade-long business plan, the bill also attempts to compel the Productivity Commission to "conduct a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis of the NBN and report back to Parliament by 31 May" next year.
NBN Co indicated last week it would hand up a three-year business plan to the Government by the end of the month. Parts of the plan were expected to be released publicly.
Turnbull is also expected to move an associated motion to create a Joint Select Committee drawn from both houses to oversee the rollout of the NBN.
"The proposed Committee would include Government, Opposition and cross-bench Members and Senators," he said.
"The Coalition will be seeking Government and cross-bench support for the private members bill and motion in both houses."
Turnbull was critical last week of NBN Co chief Mike Quigley's lack of focus on financial justifications for the project in a speech to the telco and ISP communities.
Communications Minister Stephen Conroy criticised the private members bill, saying the Coalition was "only interested in delaying the National Broadband Network, not delivering real reforms for Australians.
"Australians have already had to wait 12 years for action while the former Howard Government did nothing to improve broadband services across the country," Conroy said.
"They don't deserve to put up with further delays."
Greens communications spokesman Senator Scott Ludlam said the party would consider the Bill before committing to a vote.
"The Australian Greens Party Room will consider whether this is a serious bid for relevance and transparency, or another in a long line of Coalition delaying tactics designed to destroy the network," he said.


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Stop Commotion is a global collective of the one true form that connects everyone – storytelling.
Stopworthy features
Browse through our categories
- Features unique stories from all around the world
- Odes to one's home city
- Stop Commotion recommends. Playlists, jam sessions and more.
- Interesting created and curated finds!
- Stories about volunteering for a cause
- Written pieces, book reviews, poems and more!
- Photographs that tell stories untold
- Stories from travellers' escapades


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Jun 17, 2017
My gift to you, a hypnosis track to those experiencing worries,
doubts and fears around recent events. This a a
sleep/night version (The day version is #326).
Share it to those who need it.
By #1 Bestselling Author Joseph Clough. (Over 200 hours of free audio, downloaded 200,000 downloads a month).
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Contact Us
PLEASE NOTE: We do not manage any of the apartments listed on this site and we do not provide a service to find an apartment for you. What we do is provide you with the list of pet friendly properties. You have to contact each building yourself using the contact information listed on the property detail page.


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Cat Ba Island Trekking is a half day tour, provided by our local partner in Cat Ba offers you the chance to venture into another area of Cat Ba, unseen by many tourists. Unearth the island's hidden beauty, far from the beaten path. With your local guide you'll safely explore the depths of the jungle, to the heights of limestone-mountains, before emerging from the canopy for a view of the island. Our unique trekking opportunity is a must-see for anyone who wants to discover Cat Ba's astounding natural beauty and local culture.
08:50 AM – 09:00 AM: Met up in our local shop and brought to the small farming village of Lien Minh.
A local villager from Lien Minh will whisk you away from our local shop on a scenic motorbike ride along the winding coastal roads of Cat Ba Island into the rural farming village of Lien Minh.
Accompanied by your guide, take a slow stroll through the village before venturing into the canopy of the verdant jungle. You will happen upon numerous summits and see astonishing views of the valley below. The length and difficulty of the trek is up to you. Don't forget to pack your camera and hiking shoes!
12:30 PM – 01:00 PM Return to Cat Ba Town. End.


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BABSON PARK, Mass. -- After going undefeated at the second doubles position this week, Babson College first-years Victor Vu (Los Angeles, Calif.) and Roberto Perez (Pozuelo de Alarcon, Spain) have been honored as the New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference (NEWMAC) Men's Tennis Doubles Team of the Week.
Perez and Vu posted a perfect 3-0 record at the number two spot this week, helping Babson win two of its three contests. They teamed up for an 8-0 win over Suffolk's second duo of Calixto Romero and Dashuan Zhu on Wednesday, and then trumped Clark's number two tandem of Daniel Stein and Zach Goodstein, 8-3, on Saturday. The first-year pairing finished the week by defeating Alex Kim and Justin Hendrix of 17th-ranked Amherst, 8-6, on Sunday, to improve to 6-3 on the season.
Babson will enter this year's NEWMAC Tournament as the second seed, and will face third-seeded Clark in the semifinal round at top-seeded MIT on Saturday, April 27, at noon. The winner will then advance to Sunday's championship match at 1 p.m., also at MIT.


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Cape Town
UAV Industries' ground school is based in Observatory, Cape Town and can facilitate up to 15 students at a time. UAV Industries believes that a maximum of 10 full-time and 5 part-time students per intake is the correct class size to ensure personalised attention by the two onsite instructors.
UAV Industries ground school in Johannesburg is based in Midrand at Grand Central Airport. Make use of the convenient Gautrain while doing theory training; UAV Industries will even reimburse your weekly travel ticket (up to a maximum of R500).


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Susaye Greene ~ Co-Founder & Executive Director
Rain비- Cloud America Worldwide
West Coast Branch ~ Los Angeles, California, USA
SusayeArt ~ Susaye's Beautiful Paintings
To Download & Save to your computer as personal wallpaper Susaye's RainArt .
If you share or use Susaye's paintings/art, we ask only that you give her credit. Thank you.
Video Credit: MOTOWNJIM37
Susaye @ Sheraton Gateway 5 July 2014
[Click on Photo]
Source: The Hollywood Reporter


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Kenworth, Peterbilt and DAF are field-testing battery electric, hydrogen fuel cell and hybrid powertrain vehicles with customers in North America and Europe.
DAF Brasil was honored in 2018 by Fenabrave, Brasil's industry dealer association, as Truck Brand of the Year for the third consecutive year.
PACCAR opened a new 160,000 square-foot distribution center in Toronto, Canada in 2018 to enhance parts availability for customers in eastern Canada.


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Our six-year-old awakens before 6 a.m. each day. I don't know about you, but that's early. It's certainly earlier than my wife and I would like to get up every morning. We've done just about everything we can think of to push back his wake-up time to no avail.
What we've had to do is come up with a workaround. Like many parents whose children wake up early, here are some ways to ease the burden on the household.
1. Give Them a Plan
Young kids are driven by their impulses. As soon as they open their eyes in the morning, they are often ready to play, watch television, and have fun. However, at that time, there may be others in your house who are still sleeping soundly and you don't want them awakened. It's important for your early riser to know what they should do once they wake up. Show them how to turn on the TV and leave it tuned to a kid-friendly channel with the volume at an appropriate volume. You can also station books, magazines, or small toys near their bed so they can play quietly in bed or in their room.
2. Enforce the Rules
Make sure your child knows the rules of the morning — they should not wake up their siblings or parents and there are toys that are off-limits, particularly the extremely noisy ones!
3. Give Them an Alarm Clock
Another option is to put an alarm clock in their room and set it for a reasonable hour. You can tell your child that if they awake before the alarm goes off, they need to stay in their room until it sounds. At that point, it's okay for them to come out and begin their day.
4. Tell Them They Can Stay in Bed
You can remind your child that just because they wake up early, it does not mean that they have to start their day at that time. Maybe your child could catch another 30 minutes of sleep if they just roll over and try to go back to sleep.
5. Prep the Night Before
There are things that you can do the night before to make early mornings more palatable. For instance, you can make a cup of juice for your child or prepare a morning snack so they're not waking you up at the crack of dawn to help them. If your child is old enough, you can also teach them to make their own cereal or other simple breakfast.
6. Make Sure Everyone Goes to Bed Early
If this persists and the entire family is waking early, you can try to make sure that everyone in is going to bed early. Everyone's sleep needs might differ and it's likely that these early mornings will take a toll on all who are waking up earlier than normal. If you set a bedtime for the kids — and for you — try to stick to it.
7. Offer Rewards
If your child adheres to your suggestions and stays in bed or keeps quiet in the morning, allowing everyone to get their sleep, make sure that you reward them. This is a big deal and you want your child to know that if they follow your instructions, they'll get rewarded and recognized for it. That will not only please them in the moment, but it will also entice them to continue to behavior. That's a win-win.


text: Millie is one noisy four month old! She's constantly screaming into her hands...not upset screams, but happy ones. She squeals and coos, too. And, she's full of motion, much to my dismay. She's getting better at getting on to her knees. This video isn't that great at showing it, but she does get up on her knees and rocks forward... I have a feeling we'll be crawling within a month!


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The liver is one of the most important organs in our body. It is located on the right side of the abdomen and is responsible for purifying the blood of toxins. Besides this, the liver plays a part in more than 400 body functions and releases bile as well which is important for our digestion. The liver produces important proteins that assist the blood clotting process and other vital body functions.
Due to the numerous functions, keeping our liver healthy at all times is a must. However, most of us have various unhealthy habits which harm the liver every day – smoking, alcohol and drug abuse and poor diet are just some of the things that can harm the liver beyond repair and destroy your overall health. When the liver's function is impaired, it can easily be overloaded by toxins, resulting in a sluggish liver and a slew of health problems.
Here are the main symptoms of a sluggish liver:
- Skin problems such as eczema, acne or pimples;
- Allergies;
- Headaches;
- Digestive problems such as excess gasses, diarrhea, constipation;
- Lethargy, brain fog and lack of energy;
- Fatigue;
- Negative emotions;
- Muscle ache and joint pain;
- Hormonal imbalance;
- Excessive sweating;
- Problems digesting fats;
- Anxiety and depression;
- Chemical sensitivity;
- Bad breath;
- Gallbladder problems.
Since we're living in a time where toxins have become quite a big part of our environment and we're also eating pretty unhealthy foods, it's a great idea to give our liver a break every now and then. There are plenty of ways to do this – first and foremost, you must start leading a healthier lifestyle that involves the consumption of healthy foods and drinking plenty of water as well. You also need to start using healthy and organic cosmetics and products instead of commercial ones.
Here are a few tips which will support your liver:
Eat healthy
A healthy diet includes whole foods and grains, nuts and seeds, healthy fats, fruit and vegetables as well as animal protein and fermented foods.
Avoid consuming GMO foods
GMO foods can seriously harm your health, so you should stay away from them.
Eat foods rich in sulfur
Eat more garlic, Brussels sprouts, asparagus, kale, broccoli and onions to stock up on sulfur which supports proper liver function.
Avoid consuming processed foods and sugar
If you want to keep your liver healthy, you need to stop eating processed foods as well as brown or white sugar.
Consume foods rich in fiber
Consuming 35 gr. of fiber every day will improve your digestion and stimulate your liver. Fiber can be found in flaxseeds, chia seeds, apples, lemons, avocados, Brussels sprouts, etc.
Eat leafy green veggies more often
Leafy green vegetables are a great source of vitamins B and C, as well as magnesium and folate which can stimulate your liver.
Consume plant and animal-based foods
To support your liver, you should eat more grass-fed chicken meat and eggs, cabbage, bone broths, parsley, spinach and beets.
Consume more healthy fats
Healthy fats can be found in avocados, ghee, red palm oil and coconut oil.
Control your fructose intake
Never consume more than 25 gr. of fructose daily – this natural sugar can harm your liver and affect its function.
Avoid cooking with inflammatory oils
Vegetable oils such as canola, corn or soy oil are highly inflammatory and can harm your liver function.
Drink plenty of water
In general, you should drink half of your own weight in ounces of water every day.
Avoid drinking too much alcohol
Alcohol abuse is among the worst things you can do to your liver. Drinking too much alcohol frequently can impair your liver function and cause life-threatening diseases.
Here's a list of 3 simple herbs which can detox your liver and improve its function:
Milk thistle
Milk thistle is probably the best herb for your liver. It can clean it easily and contains silymarin, a compound with powerful anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. Milk thistle has long been used as a natural remedy against liver damage. Too much alcohol, drug abuse and a poor diet can significantly harm the liver, but luckily, this herb can reverse the damage and restore your liver function. Milk thistle can be consumed in the form of tea or taken as a supplement.
Globe artichoke
This plant is a member of the milk thistle family, but unlike the previous herb, it can be consumed fresh or cooked. Globe artichoke will increase your bile production and support and protect your liver, and it's also rich in fiber which stimulates the production of bile and regulates your cholesterol levels. Globe artichoke is even better consumed cooked as the process increases the amount of antioxidants in the herb.
Turmeric is a healthy and flavorful spice that is rich in curcumin, a special antioxidant that offers numerous health benefits and can stimulate the enzymes responsible for eliminating carcinogens in the body. Adding turmeric in your diet can prevent damage to the liver and regenerate its cells. However, our body can't really absorb turmeric well, so in order to boost its bioavailability, you should take it mixed with a pinch of black pepper.
Article and image source: organicfoodmedicine.com


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"Marching to Zion" Restoration Project [Donation]
Since the After the Tribulation Restoration Project was such a success we have decided to do the Marching to Zion Restoration Project next! This project is about double the amount of work as the ATT Project, as it involves double the amount of interviews. It will be cool, however, to watch the full interviews - especially the rabbis
For this project I'm trying to raise $8000 to help us with the editing costs of this project. With Patreon, we have received a lot of funding towards this. But we're still short. If you believe in what we are doing - please consider donating to us. We will be adding all donor names at the end of every interview and sermon we release. Also if you donate you will be getting a HARD COPY of the DVD-USB combo when it's released.
ASSOCIATE PRODUCER - Donate $1000+. You will get your name at the beginning and end of every interview. You will also receive 5 hard copies of the final product.
FUNDING PARTNER - Donate $200-$999. You will get your name listed at the end of every interview. You will also receive two hard copy of the final product.
SPECIAL THANKS FUNDER - $50-$199 You will get your name listed at the end of every interview. You will also receive one hard copy of the final product.


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doublespeak, it looks like Xbox Live is finally up and running with no lingering issues or caveats. According to Major Nelson, the entire Live team has been working "day and night" to get things sorted, and while we appreciate their efforts over the holidays, we're still of the opinion that Live members should be getting a free week or month -- you gotta deliver when you run a paid service.
Update: Now it's down again! Status message gives the old line about intermittent issues and engineers working on fixes. Ugh, could the timing on these outages be any worse?
[Thanks to everyone who sent this in]


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Harrison Ford has been offered the chance to reprise his iconic role as Rick Deckard in the upcoming sequel to Ridley Scott's Blade Runner.
"We believe that Hampton Fancher and Michael Green have crafted with Ridley Scott an extraordinary sequel to one of the greatest films of all time," said Alcon Entertainment bigwigs Andrew Kosove and Broderick Johnson, according to Variety. "We would be honored, and we are hopeful, that Harrison will be part of our project."
The storyline of the sequel is a closely guarded secret, but will certainly be set several decades after the Academy Award-nominated original, which took place in a dystopian 2019 Los Angeles.
Ford has already agreed to return as Han Solo in Disney's Star Wars Episode VII, and Sci-Fi fans are desperately hoping the same will be true for Blade Runner, which is based on the Philip K. Dick's novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?


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Welcome to the Earth Day Giveaway Hop, hosted by The Pistachio Project and Green Moms Network!
Each of the participating blogs will be giving away a prize to help you go green and celebrate Earth Day! Earth Day is just one day out of the year, but we want to give you ways to go eco-friendly all year long. After entering my giveaway, be sure to hop around and enter all of the other giveaways listed on the link at the bottom of this post!
$75 Gift Certificate To Pronounce Skincare & Herbal Boutique
Hey there! Scratch Mommy Founder, Jess, here. I would love for you to head over to Pronounce Skincare & Herbal Boutique and see the beautiful products we've been handcrafting for over 4 years and shipping around the globe.
Below you can enter to win a $75 gift certificate toward any of my Pronounce Skincare products (handcrafted with certified organic ingredients you can…pronounce) &/or certified organic raw ingredients from my Pronounce Herbal Boutique that you can use in your own DIY creations! #DIYorBuy
PS Like what you see over in the shop? Don't forget to sign up for my weekly newsletter and instantly receive my free eBook PLUS 20% off your first Pronounce purchase! Click the image below and sign up…
Now that you've entered my giveaway, make sure to check out the following bloggers who also have eco-friendly prizes for you to win!
This contest will run thorough April 22, 2017 at 11:59 EST. No purchase necessary. US entries only. Must be 18 years or older to win. Sponsors may have provided free samples of products to the bloggers. This promotion is in no way sponsored, endorsed, or administered by or associated with Facebook. You understand that you are providing your information to Scratch Mommy® + Pronounce Skincare®, and not to Facebook. Please note that Scratch Mommy® + Pronounce Skincare®, The Pistachio Project, Green Moms Network, and the Earth Day Giveaway Hop bloggers are not responsible for sponsors that do not fulfill their prizes. We have represented each sponsor with the expectation they will fulfill their prize in a timely manner. We will contact the sponsor regarding your prize(s). The sponsors, in most cases, are shipping their items to you directly. I will make every effort to assist you obtaining your prize. If there is an issue with a sponsor, please notify the blog you won a prize from within 4-6 weeks for assistance, after that we may be unable to assist you.


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Great article! In my book, I talk about the foundation of leadership is trust. Thanks Randy for being the champion of Trust Leasership!
When it comes to building trust in relationships, someone has to make the first move. One person has to be willing to step out, be a little vulnerable, and place trust in another person. Is it risky? Yes! Without risk there isn't a need for trust.
So in a work setting, who makes the first move, the leader or the follower? Some would argue that trust has to be earned before it is given, so that places the responsibility on the follower to make the first move. The follower needs to demonstrate trustworthiness over a period of time through consistent behavior, and as time goes by, the leader extends more and more trust to the follower. Makes sense and is certainly valid.
I would argue it's the leader's responsibility to make the first move. It's incumbent upon the leader to extend, build, and sustain trust with his/her followers. Why? It's the leader's job to create followership. It's not the follower's responsibility to create leadership. In order to create followership – influencing a group of people to work toward achieving the goals of the team, department, organization – trust is an absolute essential ingredient, and establishing, nurturing, and sustaining it has to be a top leadership priority.
When you make the first move and say "I trust you," through word and deed, you accomplish the following:
Let me make an important point – I'm not suggesting that leaders extend trust blindly. It's foolish to give complete trust to someone who isn't competent or hasn't displayed the integrity to be trusted. I'm talking about extending appropriate levels of trust based on the unique requirements and conditions of the relationship. Leaders have to use sound judgement in regards to the amount of trust they extend and it usually begins with small amounts of trust and grows over time as the person proves to be trustworthy. But the point is, someone has to make the first move to extend trust in a relationship.
Leaders – It's your move.
Great article! In my book, I talk about the foundation of leadership is trust. Thanks Randy for being the champion of Trust Leasership!
Thank you Randy for sharing Your thoughts on this topic. Trust its always a key factor in any relationship. I can understand that the big companies leaders of today, were able to grow in the same proportion they were able to trust and empower those who cooperated with them in building the vision of the business at each stage of the process. But what about those people in business who are still holding their growth potential, not because they don't trust others but because they are failing to let go micromanaging. What would you suggest when you see so much potential to grow but you also see managerial behaviors that are expressing fear to loose control and at the same time show resistance to people's competences, instead of helping people to use their gift and competences for the benefit of the company.
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Well absolutely agreed with the content and concept of the article, but i want to know how much a corporate culture affect upon practicing trust. I mean, when there is shabby org. culture in which considering decentralization and showing trust in subordinates to encourage them to make decision and take initiatives being the incompetence of the manager. What one can do? How to react, I had an experience of the same thing in my previous organization and left it. Is it all that option available to a leader, who made all its efforts, build the teams, trained subordinates and made decision makers and one day he found himself misfit in the environment of conservatism and orthodox. Please suggest.
Mansoor Ahmed


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Classical Guitarist and Experienced music teacher in the Blue Mountains
If you are looking for an experienced music teacher in the Blue Mountains and Springwood, then Mitchell Newton can be your number one choice. He is a classical guitarist in the Blue Mountains who is well-adept at various forms of guitar like Rock, South American, Classical, Jazz, Blues, Metal, Folk music (of both Western and Eastern cultures) and more contemporary popular music. He also imparts quality music education in the Blue Mountains and Springwood apart from performing for various events like wedding music in the Blue Mountains.