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The Women's Fund of The Greater Cincinnati Foundation has become the region's expert on the status of women's economic self-sufficiency with the PULSE Studies.
In 2003, more than 30 executives of nonprofit organizations in our region that serve women and girls expressed the need for good and relevant data on the status of women and girls in our area. Among the benefits would be increased awareness of issues affecting women and girls, more regional cooperation and more focused programs and services, and a stronger case for support of those programs and services.
The results show significant disparities in men's and women's wages, even when controlling for variables like education, hours worked, age, marital status, and the presence of children. The remaining disparity amounts to a significant unexplained difference in wages between men and women. Over time, this disparity in wages leads to hundreds of thousands of dollars lost, forcing women to either work longer or retire with less. For women of color, the disparities are even more profound.
In this PULSE Briefing we outline policies which may have unintended consequences for low-wage workers and explore possible solutions and examples of companies that have made changes to support their workforce.
The Economics Center at the University of Cincinnati partnered with The Women's Fund of the Greater Cincinnati Foundation to explore disincentives to career advancement, educational investment, and increased hours worked caused by cliff effects and other socio-economics issues.
Download The Women's Fund's Summary with infographics [PDF]
Download the full report prepared by The Economics Center at the University of Cincinnati [PDF]
Design Impact, The Women's Fund and CityLink spent six months moving through a rich research process exploring the lives of benefit recipients, the experiences of caseworkers, and the policies that surround public assistance in order to better understand the impact of the cliff effect.
Having trouble? View on Youtube.
This report highlights a common stumbling block to self-sufficiency that has been raised across the country — the proportion of women in low-wage jobs. Our intent with this report is to shine a light on the fact that, based on current trends, job growth in our region is not likely to result in uniform prosperity for both genders.
This report is an analysis of one of the major hurdles women face on their climb up the self-sufficiency ladder - the Cliff Effect. The Cliff Effect is the paradox that as low-income families work harder and earn more, they can end up worse off financially.
This report presents data from the 1-year American Community Survey for poverty in our region, with a particular focus on how women are impacted by poverty.
In this PULSE update, we ask how do the bonds girls make with family, schools and peers affect their distress level and their engagement in 'deviant' behavior.
This report is an assessment of 48 existing Greater Cincinnati women/girl leadership programs to identify the scope, needs and gaps.
Leadership is the subject of this Pulse update, specifically how well women are represented among top leadership in our biggest corporations and professional practices.
The Pulse Report was conducted in hopes of providing increased awareness of issues affecting women and girls, more regional cooperation and more focused programs and services, and a stronger case for support of those programs and services.
"Do the best you can until you know better. Then when you know better, do better."
– Maya Angelou
If you'd like to dig deeper into our research, please contact:
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720 E. Pete Rose Way,
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Talk like a flapper!
Sometimes novels set in the 1920s can be great resources for anyone planning a 1920s wedding or party. Earlier this year I blogged about two YA novels about the 1920s that had a lot of great, authentic-feeling settings and clothing details. Recently I read the sequel to one of those novels (review coming soon).
At the end of the novel, I noticed that the series has its own website, TheFlappersBooks.com. I headed over to check it out, and was delighted by one of the features on the site: a glossary of 1920s slang. Anyone planning a 1920s party or wedding is sure to find this useful. You could use some of the slang to plan the text for invitations, or you could include a card with your own version of the glossary in the invitation, and encourage everyone to "talk like a flapper" at the wedding or party!
What were you surprised to see on this list? I had no idea that the term "putting on the Ritz" and words like "nifty," "ducky," and "swell" originated in the 1920s. What were you surprised about?
Labels: research

subset: commoncrawl


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|Photo by The Church of Almighty God
Scripture: Isaiah 9:6-7
For a child will be born to us, a son will be given to us; And the government will rest on His shoulders; And His name will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Eternal Father, Prince of Peace. There will be no end to the increase of His government or of peace, On the throne of David and over his kingdom, To establish it and to uphold it with justice and righteousness From then on and forevermore. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will accomplish this.
Insights: This final blog for this week and this year also contains this military theme of Isaiah nine. These two verses today speak of this new government formed from the conquest of this new King. This new King will have a government which rests on His shoulders. His kingdom will have no end. His kingdom will usher in peace because there will be no rival nation to combat against Him. His kingdom will have justice and righteousness upheld. His zeal is the very foundation by which He will accomplish all these objectives. Pondering the zeal of our Lord Jesus is not something I do very often and I believe is one of my downfalls in my spiritual pilgrimage Beloved, as we look at this new kingdom ushered in by this conquering King let me encourage you to think about His nature, power, and motives behind His activities. I think you will be amazed and awed as You ponder these areas of contemplation. I also hope you find a great deal of comfort in knowing you worship and serve a God who is a wonderful counselor. I hope you are comforted by a God who is mighty and eternal. I also hope His peace provides you with comfort as well. These attributes that describe this King are also the same attributes that describe His kingdom of which you are a part as a born again follower of Jesus. Even this weekend, let me admonish you to tell someone else about this amazing God who ushers in this amazing kingdom. May He always be brought glory!
1. Do the different names of Jesus give you comfort?
2. Do you ever ponder the idea of God's zeal and what ignites it?
Prayer: Father, You are perfect in every way and You accomplish all Your desires by Your zeal. Lord, as I close this 2016 year, help me to be reflective and filled with faith about the future. Your zeal accomplishes all You have called me to do. Grant me Your strength to walk in Your ways. Amen.
If you have found this blog to be helpful, please forward it in Facebook or retweet it in Twitter. I would also appreciate if you would tell your friends to read this blog. As always, if you have a comment you would like to make regarding this Thoughts by Scott, please feel free to leave your thoughts in the comment section. Thank you.


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I recommend the following book to get you up to speed: Deborah Davis's Party of the Century: The Fabulous Story of Truman Capote and His Black-and-White Ball which tells the story of who was Truman Capote and what he did that resulted in everyone who was anyone wanting an invite to his party. Great advice which I don't follow: write your thank you notes before you even go to bed that night.
Sauk Valley's premier bookstore/coffeehouse features fiction, non-fiction, children's & local interest books.
Open 7 days/week, we also have fine coffees & pastries, wooden puzzles, children's art supplies & other toys, handmade fair trade goods plus priceless conversation. Special orders welcomed.
Featured Post, or Blast from the Past
What Makes Books on First a Great Place to Visit
We are an equal opportunity great good place. We could have a physician, a millwright, a retired schoolteacher, an unemployed housepainter ...
13 January 2010
Have Fun Recognizing Main Street Dixon Volunteers
Josh Albrecht, Director of Downtown Dixon's Main Street Dixon program, posts even less blog entries than I do, but he just posted a very long one about the upcoming Black & White Martini Night, for which Books on First is helping to sell tickets. Get a few of your friends and buy a table to make it a very fun night. Martinis, cosmopolitans, a hypnotist, dressing up in black and white, just like for Truman Capote's spectacular party in 1966.
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Design of trip homes could be made in a contemporary and delightful impression by making use of design of modern and fresh house dwelling that uses pure and exquisite lake panorama surrounding a home as an extra value of home living concept. Hotel, Resorts & Villa.
Cape Cod Rental Homes Design
Contemporary Vacation Houses Constructed At Natural And Lovely Lake Panorama
Wednesday, April 12th 2017, 09:45:15 AM|


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Spotify is well known for discovery, and never leaving the user without a song to listen to.
There is currently not a company trying to be innovative with podcasts discovery…. Spotify is well known for music discovery, and I think they could add podcasts to their credentials!
A playlist that is driven by an algorithm to help users discover a new podcasts would be a welcomed feature by all podcast lovers.
Much like Discover Weekly and Release Radar, this would be a playlist that is updated every week.
It would include 4 shows, and display the most recent episode from each one.
Since many different podcasts cover many different topics, it would be best to keep the discovery on the shows, as opposed to individual episodes.
The characteristics of the algorithm are based on:
- Similar podcasts that the user already follows
- People that listen to similar podcasts also enjoy these ones
I've chosen 4 shows because having 30 shows (like Discover Weekly and Release Radar) would be a lot for users to listen to, and having less shows could encourage users to listen to more episodes from each show.


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Thinking of holding a party or event? Then look no further than The Hemsley, a unique venue set in the beautiful grounds of the University of Nottingham. If you have not yet had the pleasure of venturing inside the Campus walls, then do come and visit; you could hold your fantastic party here!
We can cater for any type of functions including retirement events, corporate events, birthday parties, christenings, anniversaries and many more.
The Hemsley has many rooms to suit your requirements and numbers. We can accommodate larger seated parties or we can provide an intimate and welcoming atmosphere for up to 100 guests.
There are a number of menus available or we can design a menu bespoke to your needs; maybe a barbeque for example.
Please contact us for further information and menu options.


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All Hail King Ezekiel!!!
A new The Walking Dead trailer has arrived and it is all about the man we've been waiting for: King Ezekiel (and, of course, his tiger Shiva). King Ezekiel (played by my new crush, Khary Payton) is the leader of The Kingdom, an enemy of Negan and the Saviors. Although I've read the comics, I'm not giving away anymore information about this character. Just watch the show and bow down to the King! The Walking Dead premieres October 23 on AMC. Continue reading All Hail King Ezekiel!!!


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Sloop Jones is an art studio located on St. John's pristine East End, 15 minutes past Skinny Legs and five minutes past Vie's. Sloop, aka Terry McKoy, is most well-known for his hand-painted clothing, whose distinct bright colors and tropical themes are easily recognized by those who live on and love St. John.
Sloop is a talented colorist, mixing all of his own colors by hand to create comfortable tropical clothing for women, men, and children, as well as housewares and hand-painted wood signs. He sells his wares from his East End studio and online at www.sloopjones.com.
To celebrate his 25th year in business, Sloop Jones now offers Shirt of Art workshops at his East End studio each Tuesday. Learn from Sloop's decades of experience while making your own hand-painted shirt. Space is limited and reservations are required.
Sloop Jones is open all season. Call 340-779-4001 for more information or visit www.sloopjones.com.


text: I'm so used to seeing DJs and MCs at Bar and Bat Mitzvahs and they always do such a great job. But this last event, Jill's Bat Mitzvah celebration, showcased Beantown. They brought a ton of energy to the party and as you can see it was a good time for everyone. The party was held at Temple Beth Avodah in Newton MA. Congratulations Jill!


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A Michigan woman is suing Kohl's after experiencing what she says were incessant and illegal debt-collection calls regarding an unpaid $20 credit card bill. Lisa Ratliff, 29, said she was going to pay the bill but decided not to because she was fed up with the frequent late-night and early-morning calls, which continued after she asked a Kohl's employee to stop, the Detroit Free Press reports.
Her bill has ballooned from $20 in November to $100 because of interest and late fees. It seems the debt is legitimate; she's refusing to pay because she says the company broke the law in its efforts to collect from her. Ratliff's lawyers claim Kohl's violated the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, which prohibits calls to cellphones using automatic dialing technology or a prerecorded voice without the recipient's consent.
It's unclear if the calls came from Kohl's employees or a third-party debt collector acting on behalf of the company, and Kohl's did not respond to a request for comment from Credit.com. If it was a third-party collector, Ratliff's story includes other violations: Under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, debt collectors cannot call people before 8 a.m. or after 9 p.m. unless the consumer agrees to the call.
Considering Ratliff doesn't seem to be disputing the debt, the account is likely having a negative effect on her credit: Collection accounts are detrimental to credit scores because people who have had such accounts in the past are more likely to fall behind on payments than someone who has never been sent to collections. If Kohl's is found guilty of Ratliff's accusations, she may be entitled to restitution, which would allow her to pay off her debt, but even paid collection accounts are negative in most scoring models. As they age, they have less of an impact on scores.
Ratliff's experience certainly sounds unpleasant, and it's unfortunately a common one for many consumers who deal with debt collectors. Even when a collector works by the book, they're unlikely to win the affections of consumers — it's just one of those commonly loathed professions — but consumers aren't without responsibility in these situations.
It's best to be proactive when dealing with a debt collector, by verifying the debt and being familiar with consumer rights. If collection calls are bothering you, you can send the collector a cease and desist letter, but you still need to make a plan for paying off the debt. Here are some tips for negotiating with creditors, which will help you get to a point where you can tackle the debt, move on and start rebuilding your credit. You can track your progress by getting your free credit scores and credit data each month through Credit.com.
More on Managing Debt:
- How to Pay Off Credit Card Debt
- Understanding Your Debt Collection Rights
- The Best Way to Loan Money to Friends & Family
Image: LamplighterSDV


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Monday, November 23rd, 2015
Just a CEO!!! Most of the people who work for you would be surprised to hear that sentence. In fact, I wish they knew how powerless you sometimes feel and how very human you are.
Still, all of us need to be as powerful as we can be in the ability to influence people—in a good way.
I think work matters tremendously to people. Not just jobs or roles, but using personal energy to do something that matters.
You, as a top leader have the ability/ power to:
—Create jobs
—Model fairness in power for people who may not ever have experienced it
—Give people voice
—Allow people influence over decisions that impact them
—Make work meaningful by including everyone in every way
—Create a system where people know how to work with and respect differences
—Inspire people to be the best self they can be
Yes, I'm thinking of Paris. JUST a CEO?


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On a mild Sunday afternoon in October, the Ice Bucket Challenge was nobly accepted by the Stanton-on-the-Wolds Golf Club Captains. With onlookers cheering them on all the way and a few ribald comments coming from some quarters, they rose (or in one case plodded) to the occasion with great aplomb.
Congratulations to all concerned - well over £300 was raised on the day for the Captains' charity - Guide Dogs for the Blind.


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In today's dynamic business environment, the public sector manager must continually assess their organization's ability to fulfill the commitments, goals and objectives that constitute its mission and purpose. A comprehensive evaluation of available resources and capabilities are essential in identifying the organizational changes needed to support strategic business goals. At OPM, we have organizational design and position classification professionals that can assist you in reviewing existing resources and processes and creating a foundation for organizational change.
We will partner with you to assess the current management of your organization's positions and to develop a framework for an effective position management program. In a position management analysis, we review the types, grades, and numbers of positions in comparison with functions and workload; review position descriptions for accuracy and clarity; compute supervisory ratios; and assess career paths, career ladders, and the balance between support positions and those assigned to perform the mission-oriented functions of the organization. We will deliver to you a written analysis of our findings along with recommendations for achieving greater efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
As part of the classification process, we can provide you an independent, third party analysis of your encumbered positions. We develop interview questions, in both survey and interview format, to capture in-depth information about the characteristics of the position that impact the classification; conduct interviews with the incumbent, supervisor, and other subject matter experts with knowledge pertinent to the proper classification of the position, and examine work samples and documents that illustrate the kind and level of work performed. We compare desk audit information and relevant information from the organizational assessment with criteria found in the appropriate Office of Personnel Management Position Classification Standards, appeals findings, and any Agency specific classification criteria. Based on results from this comparative analysis, we determine the proper title, series, and grade for the position and recommend a classification decision. We provide you a detailed evaluation statement that documents the basis for the recommendation.
OPM's organization design and position classification experts have an organization-wide perspective that will assist you in meeting your current challenges regardless of how large or small your organizational transformation needs may be. We always tailor our services and deliverables to meet our customer's requirements and will be happy to provide you additional information regarding any of services upon request.
For additional information on this topic, or to learn more about implementing the best strategies today for the best workforce tomorrow, contact us via email at email@example.com.


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Seasons and also style could transform yet long extravagant lashes are ageless. Every female desires them as well as every female strives to get them Longer lashes are classy and also produce a beautiful touch to any kind of face. Face features are very important to a lot of ladies and their desire to have complementary face features drives them ...Read More »
Eyelash Extensions Removal Articles
Make-up Tips and Tricks: Making Your Eyelashes Look Longer
Some are born with these attributes, yet many others have to work at making their eyelashes appear longer compared to they are normally. Eyelashes are not just fantastic for shielding eyes from dust and dust – they also supply a remarkable appearance when they are lush as well as complete. Lots of ladies use the strategy of applying false eyelashes ...Read More »
Home Remedies for Getting Naturally Thick and also Long Eyelashes
Females have actually constantly intended to obtain normally thick and also lengthy eyelashes because of the simple reason that they are considered to include in the beauty of the eyes and to the pizzazz of a female. It is therefore that those that are not gifted with long and also thick lashes naturally look to aesthetic enhancements like using the ...Read More »
A lot better Compared to Shu Uemura? Assessing the Tweezermans ProCurl Eyelash Curling iron
Just what is the Tweezerman ProCurl Eyelash Curler? Tweezerman ProCurl Eyelash Curling iron is an eyelash crinkling tool which intends to give you optimal lash curl with uncomplicated usage. It has revamped angles offering simpler access per of your lashes, being customized to have outstanding convenience and also unequaled take advantage of in addition to being made to go beyond ...Read More »
A Lash Stimulant For Longer Eyelashes
The first signs of thinning lashes can be a hard tablet to swallow. No female wishes to shed those long as well as gorgeous lashes of their youth, yet alas, the organic impacts of aging ultimately reach everyone. However, there is hope yet for women when it comes to thinning lashes through eyelash stimulants. Eyelash stimulants have actually been around ...Read More »
Vitamins in order to help Your Eyelashes Expand
It ought to come as not a surprise that the exact same nourishment that sustains general healthy hair development additionally support eyelash growth. A balanced diet plan of entire foods is essential to make your eyelashes grow and also stay healthy. There are some crucial minerals and vitamins that you wish to ensure you consist of in your diet plan ...Read More »
The Interesting World of Eyelash Tinting
Try Eyelash Tinting and Save Time. Fed up with using mascara each day? It might be time to try eyelash tinting. Some ladies have normally light colored eyelashes. Most of these ladies discover it essential to use mascara every day to make their eyes much more recognizable. Using mascara to go to the supermarket could be very inconvenient. There is ...Read More »
Eyelash Extensions – To Wear Eyelashes of Your Individual Preference as well as Selection!
That would not love to have eyelashes of their personal taste as well as selection? All will! Specially the contemporary chicks keeping an eye out for ways to stand out by looking different. As well as not to fail to remember the girls searching day and night for ways to look young and attractive. But is it feasible? Numerous dimension ...Read More »
The Background Of Cosmetic Eyelash Enhancement
3400 BC – The very first eyelash mascara was developed by the Egyptians using "kohl", which is mostly made up of the grindings of a naturally found soft, lead ore understood as "galena" (lead sulfide). Kohl is still extensively used today throughout India as well as the Center East as an eyelid shadow, brow shadow, eye liner and also mascara ...Read More »
Beautify Your Eyes When it comes to an Eyelash Curler
They could as well coil their eyelashes utilizing an eyelash curling iron. If you have less compared to excellent lashes, you can still boost their look by crinkling. Brief or long, curly eyelashes look warm and also trendy. There are many different means of doing that, including using eyelash extensions. If you like being all-natural and attractive, you could make ...Read More »


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The Role of the Care Manger seeks to define the roles and services provided to patients, which include medication management, transitions of care, care plan development and advance care planning. Additional tools and resources will be available thorughout the module.
The expected time to complete this module is 60 minutes.
CE Requirements: CE participants who successfully view the lesson of the module and complete the online CE request process including required evaluation with email address will earn 1.0 Nursing or Social Work CE contact hours
A Certificate of Completion is available for non-CE participants
Lesson 1: Role of the Care Manager
- Define Care Management
- Identify the goals of Care Management
- Identify the Care Managers's role and services
- Identify resources to support the Care Manager's development
Estimated Completion Time: 60 minutes
Request CE Credit or a Certificate of Completion
Upon completion of the lesson, click here to request credit in the form of CE Credit or a Certificate of Completion
Continuing Education and Disclosures
- Nursing CE Contact Hours: 1.0
- The planners have reported no relevant conflict of interest for the purpose of the "The Role of the Care Manager" module of the Basic Care Management Program.
- There is no commercial support for this activity.
- This module is available for CE credit until May 1, 2019.
- This continuing nursing education activity was approved by the Ohio Nurses Association, an accredited approver by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. (OBN-001-91)
Social Work:
Social Work CE Contact Hours: 1.0
"Michigan Care Management Resource Center is an approved provider with the Michigan Social Work Continuing Education Collaborative."
Approved Provider Number: MICEC 110216


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Latest Posts
A Lot Happening with the New Corrosion Module
This Friday, a training course in modeling corrosion is being run at the COMSOL Burlington office. Participants will be introduced to the new Corrosion Module and will be led through a number of different exercises.
AltaSim Takes on Surface Plasmon Resonance Modeling
We've just got another finished article and layout back for COMSOL News and it looks as great as the others, but for different reasons. We usually ask a couple of our partners to write an article for COMSOL News to provide users with some more technical background to modeling. AltaSim Technologies, who are certified consultants and even run courses in COMSOL, have written an article about surface plasmon resonance.
Design Materials to Exhibit Wanted Properties
I've just been reading my favorite news service, www.physorg.com, and noticed that cloaking is once again the topic of the day. While we have previously reported on a group out of Duke University, this article mentions a group from Ames Laboratory in Iowa. Similar to the Duke Group, Costas Soukoulis from Ames Laboratory also seems to have been at the forefront of this research.
What's coming in Particle Tracing for 4.3
It's been fun working with the next release. One of the great new features will be in the Particle Tracing Module and will allow particles to interact with each other, and not only with the macroscopic field they find themselves in. It also produces some pretty cool vids.
Therapeutic Heat, Electromagnetic and Electrochemical Treatment
A couple of days ago I blogged about the team at Lahey Clinic who are using COMSOL Multiphysics to model their neuromodulation therapy of patients. In their example, they place electrodes close to the spine and, through electric current, stimulate the area around these electrodes to relieve back pain. The reason why modeling is important for them is because it's quite difficult to actually access these treatments to measure their effectiveness and possible detriments.
Now There's Thermal Cloaking
As an avid reader of the physorg.com blog, I was pleasantly surprised to see a figure show up that could only have been made with COMSOL Multiphysics. Reading the article on thermal cloaking, I understood why.
What Is the Nature of Pain?
A second user story for the next COMSOL News is also reaching completion with exciting results (read about the first one here). This is an interesting case as it wasn't really a group of people traditionally associated with finite element that managed to perform some pretty sophisticated modeling. In fact two of them are medical doctors while the final one has his background in physics.
Lots of Things to Model in a Wind Turbine
Following up on my previous blog post about protecting wind turbines from lightning strikes, I got to thinking about other modeling aspects of wind turbines. Structural mechanics is of course important, and we have a couple of models that center on this.
- Chemical
- COMSOL Now
- Electrical
- Fluid
- General
- Interfacing
- Mechanical
- Today in Science


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What To Do After A Truck Accident
Sacramento Accident Attorneys
Big rigs represent a danger on our roadways because of their size. According to the California Vehicle Code (CVC), the average big rig, semi-truck, semi-trailer truck, tractor trailer, and 18-wheeler traveling on California roads can weigh up to 80,000 pounds and can be as much as 75 feet long, while the average passenger vehicle weighs only 4,000 pounds.
Truck Accidents
Truck accidents often result in severe injuries or death. The CHP reports there are roughly 5,000 injuries from semi-truck accidents, with approximately 250 deaths each year in California. These accidents are avoidable if the driver pays attention to traffic and roadway conditions, drives at a safe speed, and maintains a safe distance behind the vehicle ahead. Big-rig crashes resulting in injury or fatality are potentially caused by the following:
- Excessive/unsafe speed
- Distracted driving
- Driver fatigue
- Improper loading
- Drug or alcohol use
- Aggressive or reckless driving
- Mechanical failure
- Lack of training or experience
If you are involved in a truck accident, seek immediate medical attention if necessary. Your health is first and foremost. However, it is important to ensure your rights are protected. The following is recommended in the event of an accident:
File a report of the collision as soon as possible. Gather the following information:
- time and location where the accident happened
- driver license numbers
- license plate numbers
- insurance information
- Names, address and phone numbers of anyone involved in the accident including witnesses
Take pictures if possible.
- Documenting the scene of the accident, vehicles involved, and your injuries are valuable evidence when pursuing a claim.
- Do not admit liability or discuss the accident.
Do not speak with the other insurance company or sign any papers.
- The at-fault party's insurance company will call you after the accident. Before talking to an insurance company, contact an attorney first to discuss your legal rights. You do not want to make admissions of fault or liability to the other party. In addition, do not agree to any recorded statements or conversations with the insurance company. In the heat of the moment, things may have unfolded differently than you perceived.
- Keep all accident-related records.
If the truck driver and/or trucking company is found at-fault, the injured victims can seek compensation for accident related damages including:
- Medical bills
- Rehabilitation
- Pain and suffering
- Permanent injury
- Lost wages
- Loss of consortium
- Death
Victims of a trucking accident are advised to contact an experienced lawyer who will focus on their case and protect their legal rights.
Our lawyers are experienced and have the resources to handle these cases. Call us for a free case evaluation at (916) 520-6639, or fill out a contact form.


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EarthChem Home
Geochron Home
About Geochron
Submitting Data
Getting Data
Community Process
Search Geochron
General Search
Detrital Search
My Account
Submit Data
U-Pb ET_Redux
U-Pb ET_Redux Manual Upload
U-Pb SQUID/SQUID2
U-Pb ZIPS
Ar-Ar Calc
Ar-Ar Manual Upload
Fission Track
Submitting Data
Geochron is designed to accept data from a variety of
data reduction
programs that are used widely in the various geochronology and thermochronology communities. These programs have features to seamlessly upload data to Geochron, but do require a unique sample or aliquot identifier. You can access these programs under the
Data Reduction Software
part of the website. Many of these will accommodate legacy data or data not reduced by those programs. We are working on tabular forms for upload of legacy data for some of the methods.
Hosted at the
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
Columbia University
Site licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0
Part of the
IEDA Data Facility
. |
Funded by the
US National Science Foundation (NSF)


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Jewel tones
This year has said its goodbyes to earthy beiges and welcomes pure drama with open arms. Beautiful deep jewel tones such as emerald green, sapphire blue, amethyst and some pastel colors have emerged to bring life and richness in your home. By layering the colors and textures, a once cold space will definitely transform into a warm one, with just a few design elements! Your jewel tones do not necessarily have to match. So long as they are of a similar visual weight, then they will be visually harmonious. Let's take a look at how we can incorporate jewel tones into your home, besides on your walls or window coverings.
Accent chair:
The "Clarinda" accent chair is the perfect blend between a classic slipper chair and a traditional wingback chair. This beautiful modern design features tapered legs and clean lines, along with a subtle tufting for added flair. While the deep seat and winged back offer comfort, this accent chair's gorgeous sapphire blue color will surely make a statement in your room.
Are you looking for a piece that can add a lot of drama in your space? Then why not consider a jewel-toned sofa? The rich vibrant color of the "Sagen-Teal" sofa will awaken a certain regal vibe in your living room. You will feel like royalty when you have a seat on the plush cushions and bold shape of this contemporary design.
Turn up the warmth in your space with a beautiful burgundy "Ashton" throw. The woven herringbone pattern, along with the thick fringe will add visual texture to a bed, sofa or chair! In fact, since the throw has so much personality, it would be best to pair it with shades of gray as a backdrop.
As you can see, vibrant colors are here to stay. Jewels tones are not only meant to be worn! Dress your home in the colors of royalty, so that you feel a certain distinction right within your own space.
Content provided by: @tailbase


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Lightweight World Champions Mikey Garcia and Robert Easter Jr. are set to meet in a 135-pound title unification fight in Los Angles. Who will take the two titles for their own? You can find out by watching the potentially epic battle using a live stream of the boxing from anywhere you are.
Garcia vs Easter Jr - where and when?
The Mikey Garcia vs Robert Easter Jr. fight takes place on Saturday July 28 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles.
It's set for a 10pm start Eastern Time – that's 7pm Pacific and 3am BST in the early hours of Sunday for UK viewers.
This is it, the fight to determine who is the best lightweight boxer in the world. Mikey Garcia brings his WBC title while Robert Easter Jr. has his IBF belt backing him.
Garcia won his title in 2017 by knockout when he beat Dejan Zlatičanin in the third. Moving weight up to the 140-pounds category, he has now won a total of four world titles in four different weight categories. Easter Jr. nabbed his vacant belt from Richard Commey in 2016 and has defended it three times, winning each by beating Luis Cruz, Denis Shafikov and Javier Fortuna.
Garcia stands with a record of 38-0, 30 KOs while Easter Jr. is 21-0, 14 KOs. Is Easter going to finally stand tall as the world's best fighter in his category? Will Garcia's weight changes help or hinder him? This fight will tell all.
Even if there isn't a broadcast in your country, with our advice you could try using a VPN to live stream the Garcia vs Easter fight live - there's even a way to watch for free.
Live stream Garcia vs Easter Jr. from anywhere with a VPN
Below we've listed your live stream options for the Garcia vs Easter Jr. fight in the US, UK and Down Under. But if there is no official broadcast option in your country, you'll need to use a VPN to dial in to a country that does have one. A VPN is perfect for this as it allows you to change your IP address so you appear to be in a completely different location. We've tested hundreds of VPNs and can recommend these as the best three VPNs currently available:
1. Express VPN (comes with a 30 day money back guarantee)
This is the #1 rated best VPN in the world right now. You can watch on many devices at once including Smart TVs, Fire TV Stick, PC, Mac, iPhone, Android phone, iPads, tablets etc. Check out Express VPN
2. NordVPN: SmartPlay tech makes NordVPN a great choice for streaming.
3. VyprVPN: blazing speeds make VyprVPN a great choice for 4K video
How to watch Garcia vs Easter Jr: free US live stream
Showtime is home to the fight in the US
Those wanting to catch Garcia vs Easter Jr. in the US can do so my tuning into Showtime Sports. If you don't subscribe already, there's a seven day FREE trial but you'll need a US registered payment card to be able to use that. After the seven days it'll cost $10.99 a month, so be sure to cancel it if you don't want to keep it going.
Showtime has a variety of different streaming providers including an app for Android and iOS, but if you're travelling you may want to use a VPN to ensure you're able to stream it from anywhere.
Showtime's coverage is at 10pm Eastern and 7pm Pacific.
How to watch Garcia vs Easter Jr. fight in the UK
Using a VPN is the only way
Sorry UK fight fans, it doesn't look like either Sky Sports or BT Sport have decided to pick up the Garcia vs Easter Jr bout. The only way we can think of watching is by grabbing a VPN and trying to get hold of coverage in another country.
How to watch Garcia vs Easter Jr: Australia stream
Watch the fight using a VPN is the only way
Unfortunately Aus fight fans, it doesn't look like either a network has decided to pick up the Garcia vs Easter Jr bout. One way you may be able to watch is to get a VPN and try to find coverage in another country.


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tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post6997546310034260056..comments2019-12-10T08:11:49.309-05:00Comments on Reading Is Fun Again: 2014 Jane Austen ChallengeAnonymoushttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-36167097006028424172014-04-13T12:24:54.393-04:002014-04-13T12:24:54.393-04:00JA is awesome.....I haven't read her books in ...JA is awesome.....I haven't read her books in a while, but I love the idea of this challenge....when I have caught up with getting my latest book out there, I am getting back to writing. Honest :DJohn Hennessyhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-57091410560320301422014-03-15T21:44:04.185-04:002014-03-15T21:44:04.185-04:00You don't need to reread Emma in July & Au...You don't need to reread Emma in July & August. You can just link up your review when I do the Emma linkup in August. You can read S&S whenever you want or not at all. This is a very casual read-along. :)Pamela Dhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-4486338320265398832014-03-13T04:28:33.281-04:002014-03-13T04:28:33.281-04:00Hey ^^ Love the challenge just have a few questons...Hey ^^ Love the challenge just have a few questons;

I am currently reading 'Emma'.. will I have to read it again in July-August?
also I didn't realy have time to read 'sense and sensibility' in January-February.. is it okay if I still read it and get along with the challenge?Michellehttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-52010593607174271812014-03-01T01:25:38.640-05:002014-03-01T01:25:38.640-05:00Excellent! I can't wait to hear your thoughts ...Excellent! I can't wait to hear your thoughts on Northanger Abbey and Persuasion!Pamela Dhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-22618076077416225542014-02-27T11:12:22.101-05:002014-02-27T11:12:22.101-05:00I just found out about this and will most likely j...I just found out about this and will most likely join you at the end of the year for Northanger Abbey and Persuasion. Enjoy all the other Austen firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-21534229538461476252014-02-25T15:07:01.367-05:002014-02-25T15:07:01.367-05:00Yea! I'm glad that you are participating! :)Yea! I'm glad that you are participating! :)Pamela Dhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-17393207590520945292014-02-25T15:06:40.193-05:002014-02-25T15:06:40.193-05:00Fantastic! I'm glad to have you. :)Fantastic! I'm glad to have you. :)Pamela Dhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-73277002637268111102014-02-23T15:07:31.973-05:002014-02-23T15:07:31.973-05:00Without knowing it I signed up for this on Book Bl...Without knowing it I signed up for this on Book Blogging... I found out just now so I guess I am a bit behind :P but hey no worries! It is Jane Austen after all! There isn't one thing I would't do for her so of course I am going to participate! Michelle Lindstedhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-78181760837468967072014-02-23T14:50:41.675-05:002014-02-23T14:50:41.675-05:00I'm In. A little behind, but I'll get cau...I'm In. A little behind, but I'll get caught up and be right there with you. http://hoverbugonline.blogspot.com/2014/02/reading-again-in-2014.html
Christina Websterhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-6662577674087927422014-01-28T14:03:13.172-05:002014-01-28T14:03:13.172-05:00Persuasion is my favorite -- and so far Mansfield ...Persuasion is my favorite -- and so far Mansfield Park is my least. I just love to see what people think about each of her books, they are pretty distinct, even though there are a lot of similarities in plot and settings. I think its a pretty good indicator of a person's personality based on which book they love the most!A.M. email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-28208172566025154302014-01-27T19:40:24.915-05:002014-01-27T19:40:24.915-05:00You are way ahead of me thing. I have only read P&...You are way ahead of me thing. I have only read P&P and Emma. I am looking forward to read all of her completed books this year. :)Pamela Dhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-8539734537384020162014-01-27T15:21:30.689-05:002014-01-27T15:21:30.689-05:00Nice challenge, the only one I haven't read is...Nice challenge, the only one I haven't read is Northanger Abbey, and I plan on amending that soon! Looking forward to seeing your reviews.A.M. email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-39201192847221837642014-01-22T18:47:50.834-05:002014-01-22T18:47:50.834-05:00Well you can read whichever Austen book you want. ...Well you can read whichever Austen book you want. :) Emma is a great book. I read it back in high school.Pamela Dhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-76767614162166955252014-01-21T09:38:22.586-05:002014-01-21T09:38:22.586-05:00Fun challenge, I might join you only for Emma, I s...Fun challenge, I might join you only for Emma, I still need to read it :)

Ok, to be honest, I haven't read Mansfield Park, too, but I've never really wanted to, no idea why, but I've postponing reading Emma for years.

Happy reading!Aleksandrahttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-18573445531238034222014-01-20T21:47:35.520-05:002014-01-20T21:47:35.520-05:00That is fantastic! You rock! :)That is fantastic! You rock! :)Pamela Dhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-5551776440375432612014-01-20T21:00:33.847-05:002014-01-20T21:00:33.847-05:00I just finished "Sense & Sensibility"...I just finished "Sense & Sensibility"! Yea ME!!!
I'll work on my Cozy challenge before I start on the next Austen though.kec200https://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-58967916062283925252014-01-14T23:59:13.791-05:002014-01-14T23:59:13.791-05:00Thanks for sharing! I had searched for a Jane Aust...Thanks for sharing! I had searched for a Jane Austen read-a-thon, but clearly I didn't Google well enough. I will have to check it out!Pamela Dhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-77567022267068374862014-01-14T23:58:17.250-05:002014-01-14T23:58:17.250-05:00Do join in! You can link up a twitter post or just...Do join in! You can link up a twitter post or just comment on the posts to share your thoughts. :)Pamela Dhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-60740968204850850212014-01-14T02:11:04.586-05:002014-01-14T02:11:04.586-05:00How fun! I love Jane Austen even though I have a h...How fun! I love Jane Austen even though I have a hard time reading her books.

You know, Misty over at The Book Rat holds "Austen in August" event every year. It's super fun and a big project that she has going on. I participated last year and was also a guest blogger where I reviewed The Lizzie Bennet Diaries. Maybe this event will help encourage you with your Jane Austen goal?Vonnie Rhttps://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-35711738467832148142014-01-08T08:50:59.022-05:002014-01-08T08:50:59.022-05:00I love Jane Austen! I'm not a blogger just an...I love Jane Austen! I'm not a blogger just an avid reader so I think I'll join in. I haven't read anything other than Pride and Prejudice and Persuasion in ages. This will be fun! Amandahttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-19738158240736452192014-01-07T21:58:04.010-05:002014-01-07T21:58:04.010-05:00Hurray! I have multiple copies of her books on my ...Hurray! I have multiple copies of her books on my kindle too! I am glad that you are joining me! :)Pamela Dhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-25949956106732468502014-01-07T21:41:57.322-05:002014-01-07T21:41:57.322-05:00I'll give it a shot. I've got several of ...I'll give it a shot. I've got several of hers on my kindle.kec200https://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-71368824020256234642014-01-06T18:45:33.465-05:002014-01-06T18:45:33.465-05:00Excellent! I am happy for the company! I haven'...Excellent! I am happy for the company! I haven't read Mansfield Park either, so this will be an adventure. :)Pamela Dhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-89768884825258554692014-01-06T18:44:02.785-05:002014-01-06T18:44:02.785-05:00Thanks for the sign-up post. I appreciate you gett...Thanks for the sign-up post. I appreciate you getting the word out. :)Pamela Dhttps://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-131544436877841249.post-63584707654828564932014-01-06T18:43:28.471-05:002014-01-06T18:43:28.471-05:00Excellent! I am glad that you will be reading alon...Excellent! I am glad that you will be reading along with me. :) I don't think I would be following through if it wasn't for everyone joining in!Pamela Dhttps://email@example.com


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Ordinances to the 2009 Statutes (O2.2)
The following Ordinances were made at the College Meeting under the authority of Statute S2.3 on 3 March 2009.
|(1) Except as otherwise provided in these Ordinances, a College Meeting shall be summoned by the Master. (2) A College meeting shall be held once a year on 9th October (St. Denys's Day) or on a day within a fortnight preceding or following that date. (3) Except as provided in S2.2 (2) (annual meeting) and S8.6 (audit meeting), a College Meeting shall be summoned whenever the Master thinks fit. (4) Not less than seven clear days' notice shall be given of any College Meeting at which the business is to include: (a) any consideration or decision under S3.1 (4) (election of the Visitor), S4.2 (election of the Master), or the election of Fellows or College Officers, or the exercise of powers under Appendix A; or (b) the approval of audited accounts under S8.6 (3); or (c) the making or amendment of an Ordinance. (5) Where three members of the Society so request in writing, the Master and any other person having power to do so shall summon a College Meeting. If no such meeting is summoned within seven days, any three members of the Society may summon the meeting. (6) The quorum at a College Meeting shall be one half of all the members of the Society (i.e. the quorum does not include the student representatives). For the purpose of determining a quorum at a College Meeting those Fellows on leave and those who have recused themselves because of a conflict of interest shall not be included. (7) The Master shall preside at College Meetings. If the Master is absent, the President or, in his or her absence, the Senior Fellow present shall preside. (8) The conduct of College Meetings shall be prescribed in Regulations. Those Regulations shall include rules on conflicts of interest affecting members of the College Meeting. (9) Minutes shall be kept of proceedings at College Meetings.


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text: For general inquiries or to request a quote for your specific project, please fill out the form below. A member of our team will reach out to you within 3 business days. We would love to answer your questions and hear about your plans for using technology and the web to grow your business, so be sure to leave as many details for us as you can. Whether you're looking for a customized website from scratch or just a few minor changes to your existing site, we're looking forward to speaking with you!


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While Shruthi Haasan has been bagging a lot of big projects be it Welcome Back, Gabbar, Yaara, Rocky Handsome, she's been signing some interesting brands back to back as well.
Her latest commercial as the new brand ambassador for a electronic brand along with Ranbir Kapoor has already started to feature on television. This commercial has hit the right note and has received a big thumbs up from fans online and social networking websites. Most fans have expressed the desire to see the two good looking actors in a movie soon as a fresh pairing Shruthi has also recently been signed a brand ambassador for a clothing brand . She was initially the brand ambassador for this brand only in south but her success in Bollywood and impressive line up in hand has now made her the national ambassador of the brand.
Interestingly, she's also been signed as the brand ambassador for a leading German shoe brand considering her youth appeal. She'll be soon shooting a commercial for them for their latest collection.


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Posted on behalf of Arnold Law Firm on Oct 25, 2016 in Class Action Lawsuits
The death of a California woman last month has been confirmed as the 11th U.S. fatality related to defective Takata airbags.
A 50-year-old woman was driving a 2001 Honda Civic in Riverside County when a Chevrolet pick-up truck made a left turn, smashing into her car head-on. She was transported to a local hospital where she died from her injuries.
The woman's vehicle was among those identified in June by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) as having a high risk of an airbag rupture. The agency urged 313,000 Honda and Acura owners to discontinue driving their vehicles until repairs were made.
According to tests by the NHTSA, these vehicles have up to a 50 percent chance of experiencing an airbag inflator rupture.
A Honda spokesperson said the Honda Civic involved in last month's crash had been included in a number of recalls since 2008. Honda stated that it mailed more than 20 notices to the vehicle's registered owners regarding the recall, yet the repairs were never made.
Honda is unaware if the woman who was killed ever received the notices, as she had purchased the car late in 2015.
With more than 69 million airbag inflators recalled in the U.S., this is the largest auto recall in American history.
Studies indicate that over time and when exposed to high heat and humidity, Takata airbag inflators, made of ammonium nitrate, can break down and become volatile. If involved in an accident, the defective inflators can violently explode and send shards of metal throughout a vehicle, seriously injuring or killing those in the vehicle.
The total number of global deaths tied to Takata airbag malfunctions could be as high as 16, as there are reports of up to five deaths in Malaysia in addition to the 11 U.S. fatalities.
If you were injured by a faulty Takata airbag, you may be entitled to compensation. Contact the defective product lawyers at the Arnold Law Firm for a free consultation to determine if you have a legal claim.
Call our Sacramento personal injury lawyers at (916) 777-7777 or complete a Free Case Evaluation form now.


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By DAN FOX
The Southeast Conference, a nonprofit corporation active in the Southeast Alaska community, held its Mid-Session Summit in Juneau on Feb. 13 and 14.
One item brought to the table during those days was the reform of the Alaska Marine Highway System (AMHS). Southeast Conference is leading a statewide initiative to reform the AMHS, with the reform being one of its primary projects, said Robert Venables, executive director for the Southeast Conference.
"We have a number of other things ongoing as well, but the ferry system reform initiative is our most visible project and the one that has the most immediate impact right now," Venables said. A statewide steering committee has been guiding the effort, Venables said, made up of members from a wide range of Alaskan cities.
The goal would be to transition the ferry system into a public corporation, which would manage the AMHS, provide the transportation services connecting communities and provide a continuity of operations and public accountability, according a summary of the initiative on the Southeast Conference's website.
The public corporation would let private sector expertise spread through the system's board of directors and reduce exposure to political influence, the summary claims.
Following the Mid-Session Summit, representatives for the AMHS reform had an opportunity for a meeting with the legislature regarding the project.
"It went very, very well," Venables said. "In a nutshell, we're really trying to convey that there is hope for viability for the marine highway system and there are a number of steps that could be taken to reach that goal."
Venables said that there has been "study after study" done to identify problems with the AMHS, but that the reform push is the first comprehensive attempt at creating a solution addressing the ferry situation.
In addition to the local use, the summary mentions that non-resident travel makes up 30 percent of passenger traffic, and 40 percent of the AMHS operating revenue – that includes visitors, but also military and business travelers as well.
At the Mid-Session Summit and related to the state's visitors, the keynote speaker for Feb. 13 was John Binkley, president for the Cruise Lines International Association Alaska (CLIA Alaska), who announced cruise ship industry projections for the next two years.
"They are just very, very good for Skagway and for Southeast Alaska," Venables said about the cruise ship numbers.
A press release sent out by CLIA Alaska following the Southeast Conference stated there is an anticipated growth of 19 percent over 2017's numbers – meaning an estimated 1,310,000 cruise ship visitors in 2019.
"Over the next two years, we will see an increase of $137.5 million in annual passenger spending, which will generate significant revenues for local communities," Binkley said in the release.
The next annual meeting for the Southeast Conference will be in Ketchikan on Sept. 12-14.
More immediately, Venables said the AMHS reform committee will be looking at the steps needed for reform implementation and continue to engage legislators.
"But we need to get back out across the state to engage citizens, because the legislature is only going to make this a priority if it's the people's priority," Venables said.


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Rotation and selection policy
Table Tennis Canada Club Umpire Exam
Becoming a club umpire is a great way to contribute to table tennis! Umpires are the volunteers who sit at a match table, making basic match point decisions, and recording results.
• Becoming a club umpire can lay the foundation of future accreditation as a provincial umpire, national umpire, international umpire, and referee. You can click to find the Umpire and Referee career pathway.
• For young players, the umpire exam is a great tool to use to test your knowledge about finer rules of the table tennis!
Before you start:
– It is highly recommended that candidates should write the online exam AFTER a seminar organized by Provincial / Territory Table Tennis Association, but it is not a requirement.The seminar will not only help you understand the roles and regulations of basic table tennis competition, but also provides practical skills which can hardly be learnt by reading materials. For seminar information, please contact your provincial association.
– All candidates must fill in their REAL names, email address and other personal information in order to validate the exam results. If the candidate fails to provide valid contact information, then you will not receive the exam results".
Exam information for Candidates:
Time Limit: The Online exam has a time limit of 45 min. Once you entered your information, the counting will start.
– There is no fee for writing this online examination for those who are 15 years old or under.
– The exam fee is $15. If you took the exam online, please contact your Provincial / Territory Official Chairman to process the payment and receive the exam results.
– This is an open book examination. You may use any reference books in answering the questions, but cannot have the assistance of another person. You are reminded to read all questions carefully.
– The answer should be in accordance with the ITTF "Laws of Table Tennis" (Chapter two). The laws can be found on the TTCAN website under "Resource for Officials" session.
– The pass mark of this examination is 75%.
After exam:
– After your payment has been processed by the Provincial / Territory organization, you will be informed if you passed the exam or not.
– Those who fail will have 1 more chance to write the exam successfully. The province may place a time limit on when you can submit your next attempts.
– However, should the successful cadet candidate want to receive the umpire kit, he/she has to contact Provincial / Territory Association Umpire Chairman and pay the purchase fee.
– The following material will be sent to the successful candidate after payment received by his/her Provincial / Territory Officials' Chairman:
o The Table Tennis Canada Club Umpire Pin
o The Table Tennis Canada Club Umpire Certificate
o The Provincial Umpire Trainee Card and
o Umpire Kit consisting of net gauge, flip coin, Red/Yellow/White cards
Select your provincial association:
|British Columbia
|Nova Scotia
Resources for Officials
Officials In The News
Erica Ans – The Pride of Canada
Canada's Newest and Youngest Blue Badge in Progress (BPP) Umpire scored the highest mark on the Advanced Rules Exam that was held during the World Championships in Dusseldorf, Germany at the beginning of June 2017. Erica attended the seminar and the exam with 16 other International Umpires who also wrote the exam.
Reports from Officials
OFFICIALS – Table Tennis Canada present at 7th World Dwarf Games
The 7th World Dwarf Games took place in Guelph, Ontario and Table Tennis Canada was on site to umpire the Table Tennis component of the Games.
Report for the 2016 World Junior Table Tennis Championships in Cape Town, South Africa
I left Vancouver, British Columbia November 27 on a long journey to Cape Town, South Africa via London with a connecting flight to Cape Town (arriving November 29 in the morning). I attended the umpires' briefing at 8 PM that evening on November 29.


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It is being reported that Harley-Davidson is currently working on about a hundred new motorcycle models, to be launched within the next decade or so. Within that number, it seems that an electric prototype is in the works. Even more interesting is that the key component of focus on the bike, believe it or not, 'sound'.
MSN advised that as the great-grandson of William Davidson, founder of Harley-Davidson (who also happens to be the President of the Harley-Davidson museum), Bill Davidson recently relayed, gas Harleys have a signature sound that the company wants within an electric motorcycle as well. As he notes, Harley-Davidson wants the bike to sound and look like any of the other bikes offered by the brand. He went on to add that it is something quite cool, that he often says it sounds like a fighter jet.
Still, there is not specific time around when this electric bike will be introduced to the market, however as Davidson notes, the plan is progressing well. He also stated that the EV motorcycle will be released, well 'eventually'. He also did not provide any additional information around a 'line' or multiple electronic bikes.
So, Davidson isn't sure about a timeline or other models, he did note that self-driving could be beneficial to the sales for Harleys, however, not because this idea will stream into motorcycles, moreover, riding bikes will become more attractive to a newer market, as driving turns into a more automated routine.
As Davidson noted, in today's day and age, with electronics surrounding the public constantly, riding bikes allows a person to break free from technology and enjoy nature.
And for motorcycle enthusiasts, there is nothing better than hitting that open road and feeling that air hit your face. The even better idea with electric bikes is that riders will not only be able to enjoy that feeling, but they will also know they are doing their part to help the environment and potentially save costs on fuel.
(Photo courtesy of Charged EV's)Advertisement


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Limerick is located in Southwest Ireland. It is a pleasant, largely rural county. Limerick City (third largest city in Ireland) is located on the banks of the River Shannon, located just 50 minutes from the coastline and 20 minutes from Shannon International Airport.
Limerick boasts a number of tourist attractions, as well as numerous shops and a vibrant night life.
Local highlights include:
The Lough Gur visitor centre houses an audio visual show, exhibition of artefacts and display panels which interpret the story of man from the Stone Age, telling the story of pre-Catholic settlers of Ireland who farmed and lived in this peaceful valley.
Also home to Ireland's Mountain Biking Centre of Excellence – the Ballyhoura Mountain Bike Trails feature over 10 km of single track cross country trails, recognized as the finest trail network of its kind in Europe. All trails are free to use.
Limerick is a perfect base if you are planning on visiting the various attractions the South West has to offer. With a collection of galleries, theatres and museums is it the perfect location to soak up the Irish culture.
If history is more your cup of tea why not visit the many castles, round towers and medieval ruins the South West has to offer.
Everybody loves the breathtaking views Ireland has to offer, below is just some of what can be seen in the South West.
A Room Only stay at the Boutique, does NOT include Breakfast
You can opt in to breakfast just let Reception know upon your arrival.
There is a surcharge for this.
Complimentary Tea & Freshly Ground Coffee is always available in the Lounge; you can relax & Check you emails using our wifi hotspot.
Subject to availability.


text:
I need to send form-data with POST as per one of the Watson RnR API. How do I do that in node-red? This is similar to curl - F option.
Appreciate any help.
Answer by @chughts (13002) | Jun 01, 2016 at 01:04 PM
If you want to implement a POST, then output a form in a template node ala
<form action='/aaa' method='POST'>
Name: <input type="text" name="name" >
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
Then create an entry point using a http node with a route for /aaa in this case the input will be on msg.payload.name
For Retrieve and Rank, I think you are trying to send a solr configuration or a collection or documents, in which case you will need a multipart form. Unfortunately node-RED doesn't handle multi-parts. So as an alterntive you can use a http request node to fetch the document from a url; or use drop or dropbox. You will need to add drop or dropbox to your node red instance. If you are running on Bluemix follow the guidance here - https://github.com/watson-developer-cloud/node-red-labs/tree/master/watson_contribution_nodes only adding drop or dropbox. Then follow the guidance here - https://github.com/watson-developer-cloud/node-red-labs/tree/master/utilities to configure box / dropbox.
Answer by knolleary (2799) | Jun 01, 2016 at 03:46 PM
To make an HTTP Post using the HTTP Request node in node-red you should take the following steps:
Configure the node to do a POST and set the url as required
Pass the form properties you want to post as an object under
Set the
Content-type header to
The last two steps can be done in a Function node with something like:
msg.payload = { a: "one", b: "two" };
msg.headers = {'content-type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'};
return msg;
Thanks for the suggestion. I thought I had tried that option
Function Node as
msg.url= context.global.get("rnr.ranker_url"); training_data=msg.payload; msg.filename=""; msg.headers = { "Content-type" : "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" }; msg.payload = { "name" : context.global.get("rnr.ranker_name"), "training_data" : encodeURI(training_data) }; return msg;
And debug of msg object going to HTTP Request Node as follows (which seems correct)
{ "topic": "", "payload": { "name": "my_ranker", "training_data": "%0A3adb3210-abb3-4479-a222-0f0c42b16a71,3.175429,1.1403528,0.0301228,1.1403528,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.34409288,0.17796028,0.0,0.17796028,3.1426353,0.8621407,0.0,0.8621407,0.75,0,0.6931471805599453,6.6621575,2%0A3adb3210-abb3-4479-a222-0f0c42b16a71,2.8815708,1.9193405,0.0,2.008775,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.34409288,0.17796028,0.0,0.17796028,2.7896442,1.7535787,0.0,1.8618624,0.5,1,0.4054651081081644,6.015308,2%0A3adb3210-abb3-4479-a222-0f0c42b16a71,2.6475406,0.7798265,0.0,0.7798265,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.34409288,0.17796028,0.0,0.17796028,2.500342,0.42886937,0.0,0.42886937,0.5,2,0.2876820724517809,5.4919753,2%0A3adb3210-abb3-4479-a222-0f0c42b16a71,2.6794276,0.8554089,0.1291263,0.8554089,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.34409288,0.17796028,0.0,0.17796028,2.373835,0.52334654,0.16275938,0.52334654,0.75,3,0.22314355131420976,5.3973556,0%0A3adb3210-abb3-4479-a222-0f0c42b16a71,2.5948467,0.69 ....
But I get can error as:
{ "topic": "", "payload": "", "_msgid": "60b7828e.9f487c", "filename": "", "url": "https://gateway.watsonplatform.net/retrieve-and-rank/api/v1/rankers", "headers": { "x-backside-transport": "FAIL FAIL", "connection": "close", "transfer-encoding": "chunked", "access-control-allow-origin": "*", "access-control-allow-methods": "POST, GET, DELETE", "access-control-allow-headers": "Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept,X-Watson-UserInfo", "date": "Thu, 02 Jun 2016 13:42:57 GMT", "server": "-", "set-cookie": [ "Watson-DPAT=I9t5MeNdTbMny1rqMIhlxUqHIQZMm6XS5ANJlf2PCDRmUkw9p6u5SvmiHWB9HrmffvaXWCgODdBQmrM7bX270AR1Tk4PA8OCoqQ8bZuJkOME5ftNqV7rr8EDOgoVgpMvDtk%2Fy0gUAAOXdkUOnJMNWHRsoiBSx7yZo9GSWnLTdo78NKomKp2BiIr64UR9cX5ONBPvQy9xmWFRCmin0ekPvTS8LsV9YeKfrVt4zZr01Ljkocgak2AazhipOWmPYudmNzl2iO2edbXJzmCZSDy%2B0V5qW3Sdlz%2FDUkruogiqo41LPE5qLsavcKRnHdO3cxvSSDD2YEXbHwUn2UlnfemVF1uYk93havW2%2F8ULYroJHZEEFAYZMuW3O%2BnOM%2FtIk4mEIdBeioAZ9uOEAWyiyIxLSiccyJFXmi1jD0P4ZtRGYltMV ....
Appreciate any help?
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text:
Looking at the Nazca Lines from above it is hard to imagine that the Inca created them without guidance. Many believe it was extraterrestrials which remain an enigma. I believe it was the simulation creating formations much like some of the crop circles. The simulation and human creativity create it all.
Over 140 New Nazca Lines Have Been Discovered, And We Finally Have Clues to Their Use Science Alert - November 19, 2019
Scientists have discovered over 140 new geoglyphs known as Nazca lines: a mysterious, ancient cluster of giant figures etched long ago into the desert terrain of southern Peru. Archaeologists report that a long-term research effort conducted since 2004 has uncovered 143 previously unknown Nazca geoglyphs - with one carved figure, which had eluded human detection, being discovered by artificial intelligence. In all, the newly identified geoglyphs are thought to have been created between at least 100 BCE and 300 CE. While the purpose of these large motifs drawn by the ancient Nazca culture remains debated, we do at least know how they were constructed.
The Nazca lines contain more than 2,700 geometric shapes, lines and images of plants and animals etched into the sand. Daily Mail - June 20, 2019
Identifications of the specific animals drawn had relied on general impressions.
Experts compared the details of the avian figures with the features of real birds.
They found that the birds that they re-identified did not live in the Nazca region.
Better identifications may help experts work out why the figures were made.
Mysterious Etchings in Peruvian Desert Prove to Be Foreign Birds. What Did They Mean to the Pre-Incans? Live Science - June 20, 2019
The sprawling Nazca Lines have long been cloaked in mystery. The enormous geoglyphs number in the thousands and portray everything from animals and plants to seemingly mythical beasts and geometric patterns. Now, researchers have found some of Peru's massive creations depict non-native birds. Among the 16 massive bird carvings in the Nazca desert of southern Peru are a hermit (a forest species) and a pelican (a coastal denizen). No one knows why the Nazca Lines were made, and it's too early to say why the pre-Inca people who carved them would have been interested in non-native birds.
Stretching across the Nazca plains like a giant map or blueprint left by ancient astronauts, lie the famous Nazca Lines of Peru. Peru is associated with the Inca Civilization.
The Nazca Lines, mysterious geoglyphs that span a vast swath of the rugged Peruvian desert, remain an engima. No one has proof as to who built them and what their function was. Since their discovery, the they have inspired fantastic explanations from ancient gods, a landing strip for returning aliens, a celestial calendar created by the ancient Nazca civilization -- putting the creation of the lines between 200 BC and 600 AD, used for rituals probably related to astronomy, to confirm the ayllus or clans who made up the population and to determine through ritual their economic functions held up by reciprocity and redistribution, or a map of underground water supplies.
There are also huge geoglyphs in Egypt, Malta, United States (Mississippi and California), Chile, Bolivia and in other countries. But the Nazca geoglyphs, because of their numbers, characteristics, dimensions and cultural continuity, were made and remade throughout the whole pre-hispanic period, forming a most impressive, as well as enigmatic, archeological group.
The Nazca Lines are located in the Nazca Desert, a high arid plateau that stretches between the towns of Nazca and Palpa on the pampa (a large flat area of southern Peru). The desolate plain of the Peruvian coast which comprises the Pampas of San Jose (Jumana), Socos, El Ingenio and others in the province of Nasca, is 400 Km. South of Lima, covers an area of approximately 450 km2, of sandy desert as well as the slopes of the contours of the Andes. They cover nearly 400 square miles of desert. Etched in the surface of the desert pampa sand about 300 hundred figures made of straight lines, geometric shapes most clearly visible from the air.
The Nazca plain is virtually unique for its ability to preserve the markings upon it, due to the combination of the climate (one of the driest on Earth, with only twenty minutes of rainfall per year) and the flat, stony ground which minimizes the effect of the wind at ground level. With no dust or sand to cover the plain, and little rain or wind to erode it, lines drawn here tend to stay drawn. These factors, combined with the existence of a lighter-colored subsoil beneath the desert crust, provide a vast writing pad that is ideally suited to the artist who wants to leave his mark for eternity.
The pebbles which cover the surface of the desert contain ferrous oxide. The exposure of centuries has given them a dark patina. When the gravel is removed, they contrast with the color underneath. In this way the lines were drawn as furrows of a lighter color, even though in some cases they became prints. In other cases, the stones defining the lines and drawings form small lateral humps of different sizes. Some drawings, especially the early ones, were made by removing the stones and gravel from their contours and in this way the figures stood out in high relief. The concentration and juxtaposition of the lines and drawings leave no doubt that they required intensive long-term labor as is demonstrated by the stylistic continuity of the designs, which clearly correspond to the different stages of cultural changes.
There appear to be various designs consisting of figures of animals, flowers and plants, objects, and anthropomorphic figures of colossal proportions made with well-defined lines. An example of this is the drawing of a weird being with two enormous hands, one normal and the other with only four fingers. Also represented are drawings of man-made objects such as yarn, looms and "tupus" (ornamental clasps). All these figures have well-defined entrances which could be used as paths or to allow people to line together along the conformations of the drawings. The anthropomorphic figures are relatively few and are situated on the slopes. The most well-known being is The Astronaut at 32m in length discovered by Maria Reiche in the 1960s.
Ancient Astronaut?
The lines are many kilometers long and crisscross sectors of the pampas in all directions. Many of the lines form geometric figures: angles, triangles, bunches, spirals, rectangles, wavy lines, concentric circles.
Satellite Image NASA
The Monkey (Biogenetic Experiments)
Dog? Four-legged Animals
Wing (Ascension of Consciousness)
Spider - Spider Woman or Spiderweb Effect
Flower - Flower of Life?
The Lines were allegedly made by removing the iron-oxide coated pebbles which cover the surface of the desert. When the gravel is removed, they contrast with the light color underneath. In this way the lines were drawn as furrows of a lighter color. Off the Pampa, south of the Nazca Lines, archaeologists have now uncovered the lost city of the line-builders, Cahuachi. It was built nearly 2,000 years ago and mysteriously abandoned 500 years later.
The Nazca Lines were first spotted when commercial airlines began flying across the Peruvian desert in the 1920's. Passengers reported seeing 'primitive landing strips' on the ground below. Today people sometimes fly in hot air balloons to view the splendors of the Nazca Lines, their eneries awakening something within their souls.
It is difficult to keep the Nazca Lines free from outside intervention. As with all ancient ruins, such as Machu Piccu, weather by wind and rain, and human tampering will take their toll on these ancient Lines.
In recent years the Nazca Lines have suffered gradual destruction, as tomb raiders seeking pre-Inca artifacts scar the terrain with hundreds of burrows, garbage, among other waste material. A boom in copper and gold mining - including a mine built in 1997 a few feet from a 2,000-year-old, two-mile-long trapezoid -- is defacing parts of the Nazca Lines with tracks from truck traffic.
Over the past decade, advertisers and political campaigns have carved huge messages in the rock and sand between the ancient designs in this region 250 miles south of Lima.
In 1998, floods and mudslides from the El Nino weather pattern seriously eroded several figures.
As electricity reaches the growing local population, utility companies are running power cables over and around the site.
The damage to the Lines underscores Peru's desperate struggle to preserve its national patrimony. Archaeologists say they are watching helplessly as the quest for scholarship and conservation in a country viewed as the cradle of New World civilization is losing out to commercial interests, bleak poverty and the growing popularity of heritage sites as tourist attractions.
Toribio Mejia Xespe, a Peruvian doctor and anthropologist was the first scientist, in 1927, to show interest in what he called "great Incan ceremonial artifacts".
Erich von Daniken suggested, in his 1968 book, Chariots of the Gods, that the lines were built by ancient astronauts as a landing strip. But the soft clay soil and layer of brown and black rocks in the Nazca desert would seem an unsuitable site for landing and were blown away by the power of rocket propulsion. The aliens left - never to return - leaving the people confused. Like in the modern cargo cults they tried to call the Gods back by drawing lines, figures and trapezes.
Robin Edgar believed that the Nazca Figures were inspired by, and intended to be seen by, the (so-called) Eye of God that is manifested during total solar eclipses. An extraordinary series of solar eclipses coincided with the construction of the Nasca lines. Some Lines are aligned with the winter solstice, a less spectacular but more regular, death and rebirth of the Sun God.
Michael Coe believes the Nazca Lines are sacred paths to walk by specific rites. The primary lines were an offering for elders, heaven, and mountain deities who gave them water for their fields.
The Code of Carl Munck - The Ancient Geomatria of Numbers --The Nazca Line ground markings locate themselves on The Code Matrix system. Nazca Lines and Archaeocryptography The ancient sites around the world are very precisely positioned on a global coordinate system in relation to the position of the Great Pyramid at Giza. The positions of the sites are given in the geometry of their construction. A very ancient system of numbers was used in the system, which we will call Gematria. Gematrian numbers are found in ancient myths and religions, including the Bible. Gematrian numbers were used in systems of weights and measures by ancient peoples, including the Greeks, the Egyptians, the Persians, the Babylonians and the Romans. The Code system uses mathematical constants, such as pi and the radian. The system also uses conventions that are still in use, such as the 360 degree circle, 60 minute degree, 60 second minute, the base-ten numbering system, the 12-inch foot, and the 5280-foot mile.
The ancient Mayans used Gematrian numbers in their very accurate timekeeping.
Maria Reiche was a German mathematician and archaeologist who was famous for researching the Nazca Lines. She believed the lines were an Astronomical Calendar indicating the direction of the rising of important stars and planetary events like sun solstices. Formations like the spider and the monkey could show star constellations like Orion and Ursa Mayor. The problem with all astronomical theories is the unknowing of the age. The direction of stars changes within centuries, explained by the precession of the equinoxes.
Reiche led a determined effort to discredit theories of extraterrestrial visitors. She argued that the Nazca Indians constructed the Lines some time between 300 BC and AD 800. In support of this possibility, some scientists have put forward ingenious ideas on how the geoglyphs could theoretically have been designed from the ground. The more important evidence, however, is that which attempts to link the Lines definitively to the Nazcan culture. Here, neither of the two key pieces of evidence survive close scrutiny.
The first piece of evidence is a series of radiocarbon dates, based on ceramic and wood remains which were left at the Lines by the Nazca people. It is claimed that this proves that the Nazcans constructed the Lines. On the contrary, the dating of these materials tells us only that the Nazcans lived in the area of the Nazca Lines. Since the Lines themselves cannot be radiocarbon dated, the possibility remains that they already existed when the Nazcan culture emerged. The second piece of evidence is the alleged resemblance of the Nazca geoglyphs to certain features found on Nazca pottery. This is an important issue because it potentially offers proof that the Nazcans had either designed the images or at least viewed them from the air. Maria Reiche died in 1998 at the age of 95. She is buried in the arid valley she loved so well.
Professor Gerald Hawkins and his group went to Nazca to prove the astronomical Theory of Maria Reiche but was unsuccessful. In 1968, a study by the National Geographic Society determined that, while some of the Nazca lines did point to the positions of the Sun, Moon and certain stars two thousand years ago, it was no more than could be expected by mere chance. In 1973, Dr Gerald Hawkins studied 186 lines with a computer program and found that only 20 per cent had any astronomical orientation - again no more than by pure chance.
Simone Waisbard stated that the drawing of Nazca are a giant astronomical calendar. Further the Nazca-line-system was used to measure the precipitation value. Figures, especially seabirds, have a connection to the meteorological prophecy system of the Nazca-Culture. Her ideas for the trapezoid formations: places for holy animals before sacrifice them, or field claims connected with filter galleries, observatories or places for ritual ceremonies of the different clans.
Alan F. Alford concluded that the Nazca-Lines was made by Negroid Slaves of the Tihuanaco Culture. After a revolution the Negroid population destroyed some figure, this is the explanation for overdrawn zigzag-formations. Later this people went in northern direction and founded Chavin and the Olmec culture.
Robert Bast linked the lines to the Flood Stories in his book A Memory of the Deluge. The animal, plant and human-shaped figures are lying together on the ground as a memorial place of the big flood.
Gilbert de Jong wrote A Nazcan Zodiac. He traveled to Nazca and measured the GGF by GPS. He obtained a length of the square side of about 54,7 Meter. In the formation he recognized a Zodiac.
Markus Reindel's Dowsing Theory says that the Nazca Figures are markers for a subterranean waterflow. Trapezoides show the broadness of the waterstream, zigzaglines show where they end, lines show into direction of the puquitos. He explain the nature of the figures by rod-dowsing (to find the subterranean water) and shamanstic flights (to overview the figures).
On the pampa, south of the Nazca Lines, archaeologists have now uncovered the lost city of the line-builders, Cahuachi. It was built nearly two thousand years ago and was mysteriously abandoned 500 years later. New discoveries at Cahuachi are at last beginning to give us insight into the Nazca people and to unravel the mystery of the Nasca Lines.
In general, Nazca culture is considered to consist of three stages; Early, Middle, and Late stages, and also the Classic Nazca (approximately A.D. 250-750). One of the most famous and distinctive features of the Nazca culture is the polychrome pottery which has attracted attention because of its technological refinement and the exciting symbolism of its motifs. This pottery culture spreads in the area of the valleys of Chincha, Pisco, Ica, Nazca and Acari.
In the Early stage, these wares did not have much color, but Middle and Late Nazca polychromes are buff or red and are painted in three to eight colors. The most popular choices of color were red, black, white, brown, yellow, gray and violet with an outline in black. Bowls and beakers were common forms, but double-spout and head-and-spout jars are also found. Birds, fish or fruits were commonly drawn on the pottery, and Nazca's religious or mythological features were also used in its design.
Nazca Figurine depicts a Solar Eclipse and the Eye of Creation
Cahuachi was a major ceremonial center of the Nazca culture and overlooked some of the Nazca lines from 1 CE to about 500 CE. Italian archaeologist Giuseppe Orefici has been excavating the site for the past few decades, bringing a team down every year. The site contains over 40 mounds topped with adobe structures.
The permanent population was quite small, but it was apparently a pilgrimage center that grew greatly in population for major ceremonial events. These events probably involved the Nazca lines and the giant sand dune of Nazca. Support for the pilgrimage theory comes from archaeological evidence of sparse population at Cahuachi and from the Nazca lines themselves which show creatures such as killer whales and monkeys which were not present in the Nazca region. Trade or travel may explain the images. Due to the dry climate the finds are quite rich and include even such ephemeral material as clothing. Looting is the greatest problem facing the site today.
Their ancient technique of weaving, that the Nazca people developed, has given an insight into how the lines may have been made, and what they might have been used for more than 1,500 years ago.
Cahuachi, in Peru, was a major ceremonial center of the Nazca culture and overlooked some of the Nazca lines from 1 CE to about 500 CE. Italian archaeologist Giuseppe Orefici has been excavating the site for the past few decades, bringing a team down every year. The site contains over 40 mounds topped with adobe structures. It has also been studied by Helaine Silverman, who has written a book on Cahuachi.
The permanent population was quite small, but it was apparently a pilgrimage center that grew greatly in population for major ceremonial events. These events probably involved the Nazca lines and the giant sand dune of Nazca. Support for the pilgrimage theory comes from archaeological evidence of sparse population at Cahuachi and from the Nazca lines themselves which show creatures such as orca and monkeys which were not present in the Nazca region. Of course, trade or travel may explain the images. Due to the dry climate the finds are quite rich and include even such ephemeral material as clothing.
Looting is the greatest problem facing the site today. Most of the burial sites surrounding Cahuachi were not known until recently and so present a very tempting target.
Stunningly preserved in the dry soil of the Peruvian desert
are the mummified bodies of the Nazca people themselves.
Inca Skulls
Ancient Humanoid-Shaped Nazca Line Discovered in Peruvian Desert Live Science - November 19, 2019
A sprawling humanoid-shaped character etched into the Peruvian desert has just been discovered by a team of scientists using artificial intelligence. The geoglyph is one of hundreds of diverse shapes carved into a swath of Peru and called the Nazca Lines. The newly found Nazca Line is about 13.1 feet (4 meters) long and 6.6 feet (2 m) wide. It appears to depict a human-like individual with a rectangular head who is holding a stick and wearing a headdress, said scientists from Yamagata University and IBM who discovered the etching.
The Nazca lines contain more than 2,700 geometric shapes, lines and images of plants and animals etched into the sand. Daily Mail - June 20, 2019
Mysterious Etchings in Peruvian Desert Prove to Be Foreign Birds. What Did They Mean to the Pre-Incans? Live Science - June 20, 2019
The sprawling #NazcaLines have long been cloaked in mystery. The enormous geoglyphs number in the thousands and portray everything from animals and plants to seemingly mythical beasts and geometric patterns. Now, researchers have found some of Peru's massive creations depict non-native birds. Among the 16 massive bird carvings in the Nazca desert of southern Peru are a hermit (a forest species) and a pelican (a coastal denizen). No one knows why the Nazca Lines were made, and it's too early to say why the pre-Inca people who carved them would have been interested in non-native birds.
Drone survey reveals dozens of previously undiscovered Nazca Lines depicting warriors and animals carved into Peru's landscape 1,800 years ago Daily Mail - April 7, 2018
Archaeologists have discovered more than 50 mysterious new 'Nazca lines' in Peru, which were constructed nearly 2,000 years ago by ancient inhabitants who painstakingly arranged pebbles into massive shapes. Some are hundreds of years older than the most famous Nazca lines previously discovered. The researchers learned that while some of the geoglyphs were produced by Nazca people, others date back to a time before they lived in the region where the drawings can be found. The Nazca people lived in the area from 200 to 700 CE. Some of the designs are believed to be created instead by the Topara and Paracas people.
Truck driver plows into Peru's 2,000-year-old archeological enigma CNN - February 1, 2018
Peru's world renowned Nazca Lines were damaged when a rig plowed into the ancient site on Saturday, the country's ministry of culture said. Jainer Jesus Flores Vigo, 40, was arrested after he allegedly ignored warning signage and drove over UNESCO World Heritage site, the ministry said. Flores Vigo was released Monday after a magistrate said there was not enough evidence to prove that he had acted with intent.
Ring-Shaped Geoglyphs Found Near Ancient Town in Peru Live Science - September 23, 2016
Dozens of circular geoglyphs, some comprising several intertwined rings, have been identified and mapped near the ancient Peruvian town of Quilcapampa, revealing that these earthen designs were created near ancient pathways used for trade. Geoglyphs are designs, which often form shapes or images, on the landscape. They are found all over the world; the most famous examples are located at Nazca, where thousands of such designs - from real and imaginary creatures to geometric shapes - have been etched into the Peruvian desert. The newly mapped geoglyphs may have had symbolic significance, possibly representing the flow of people and goods through the town at the time.
New geoglyphs found in Nazca desert after sandstorm PhysOrg - August 8, 2014
The newly revealed figures discovered by de la Torre are of a snake (approximately 196 feet in length), a bird, a camelid (perhaps a llama) and some zig-zag lines. They are actually on some hills in the El Ingenio Valley and Pampas de Jumana near the desert floor. Archeologists have been alerted to authenticate the find.
Mysterious Nazca Lines Desert Drawings Form Labyrinth Live Science - December 27, 2012
Some of the Nazca Lines, mysterious geoglyphs that span a vast swath of the rugged Peruvian desert, may have once been a labyrinth with a spiritual purpose, a new study suggests. At the time the Nazca Lines, which span 85 square miles (220 square kilometers), were drawn, people were not looking at this stuff from the air, they were looking at stuff from the ground level. To appreciate what they might have meant to ordinary people, then you have to walk them.
Logging 'caused Nazca collapse' BBC - November 2, 2009
The ancient Nazca people of Peru are famous for the lines they drew in the desert depicting strange animal forms. A further mystery is what happened to this once great civilisation, which suddenly vanished 1,500 years ago. Now a team of archaeologists have found the demise of the Nazca society was linked in part to the fate of a tree. Analysing plant remains they reveal how the destruction of forests containing the huarango tree crossed a tipping point, causing ecological collapse.
Forest clearances sealed ancient civilisation's downfall PhysOrg - November 2, 2009
Archaeologists examining the remains of the Nasca, who once flourished in the valleys of south coastal Peru, have uncovered a sequence of human-induced events which led to their "catastrophic" collapse around 500 AD. The Nasca are probably best known for the famous "Nazca Lines", giant geoglyphs which they left etched into the surface of the vast, empty desert plain that lies between the Peruvian towns of Nazca and Palpa.
Nazca Fisherman
The Epoch Times, May 24, 2005
A group of about 50 drawings of giant figures recently discovered in the hills of Peru's southern coastal desert near the city of Palpa has been said to predate the famous Nazca lines nearby.
Mr. Johny Isla, director of the Andean Institute of Archaeological Studies, said the 'geoglyph' figures appear to have been created by the Paracas communities between 500 and 400 BC, whereas the Nazca culture developed after 50 BC.
Mr. Isla and his partner Dr. Markus Reindel from the Dutch Institute of Archaeology discovered the Paracas figures using aerial photography and land-based surveys. The figures of humans, birds, monkeys and cats vary in size from 10m to 50m across, and are also grouped together in areas up to 60 m to 90 m across.
The Paracas figures were created by removing dark stones in order to expose the lighter surface underneath. Some areas were cleared and others built up with rock, creating figures in high and low relief. With the Nazca lines though, the geoglyphs were only made by clearing low-relief areas. Until recently scientists believed that the figures in the Palpa and Nazca regions were only from the Nazca culture. Mr. Isla says cultural dating and style of the newly found Paracas figures sets them apart.
Mr. Isla told The Epoch Times, "Most of these geoglyphs belong to the Nazca culture but our recent studies demonstrated that there are at least 50 geoglyphs pertaining to the Paracas culture. These new figures are definitely different and older than those of the Nazca culture.