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The Winnipeg Free Press By Elizabeth Sheehy 14 April 2011
When does prison become a desirable alternative? Nicole Patricia Doucet's case provides a chilling example.
On March 29, Doucet's legal ordeal ended when the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal upheld her acquittal on charges of counselling murder for trying to hire someone to kill her ex-husband. She testified that she took this step — thwarted because she made the overture to an undercover police officer — because she was terrified that she or her child, or both, would be murdered.
Poignantly, she also said she was grateful to be placed in detention in a hospital for assessment on her arrest, while her daughter was protected by social services. For the first time she and her child were safe, and she could breathe. She asked to stay longer, in fact.
Doucet was acquitted by Justice David Farrar of the Nova Scotia Supreme Court (now a justice of the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal) on the basis of duress. Duress recognizes that sometimes people act in the face of unbearable pressures that would cause any ordinary person to succumb.
Duress as a common-law defence requires that the person acted in response to threats of death or serious bodily harm to herself or another; the threats must be so grave that anyone would have taken them seriously; the person must have had no safe avenue of escape; and the crime committed must be proportionate to that averted by her act.
Justice Farrar heard volumes of testimony by Doucet, much of it quoted in the Court of Appeal's decision. The detailed reproduction of her testimony and the factual findings of the trial judge provide a window into women's experiences of entrapment and the failure of police to respond to the danger faced by women and their children. Doucet described how she was isolated, controlled, assaulted and threatened by her husband over 13 years.
She finally broke free. But, she testified, he would not let her go. He continued to stalk her, showing up at her place of work, and providing morbid details about how he would kill and bury her and their daughter. She went into hiding and contacted victim services, who told her that peace bonds are "worthless." On nine occasions, police declined to help her because it was "a civil matter." Tellingly, perhaps, the Crown did not call her former husband as a witness to contradict her evidence.
Chief Justice Michael MacDonald for the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal commented on the fact an undercover officer called her "to offer to do the job" as part of a "sting" operation when Doucet was in an acutely vulnerable state: "It is ironic … that one of the agencies she had appealed to, the police, was actually the avenue which presented itself to her to solve her problem."
The unanimous decision of the appeal court upholding her acquittal accepts that, for some women who experience battering and coercive control, there may be "no reasonable avenue of escape." Of course, Doucet's verdict rested on her individual facts, "including the history of Mr. Ryan's violence towards others, his manipulative and controlling manner, his access to firearms, the threats which he made, and the lack of response by any persons in authority," to quote the trial judge.
But we know from the Ontario domestic violence death review committee that actual or threatened separation from abusive male partners is one of the most significant risk factors for the intimate killing of women. Doucet had every reason to be afraid, even seven months after leaving him.
Her acquittal extends a lifeline — the defence of duress — to battered women who might otherwise end up in jail for trying to free themselves. Unlike the usual duress situation, Doucet's did not involve threats by a third party but instead threats by the target himself.
Rightly, the court said that there was simply no principled reason not to extend the same compassion to Doucet as was extended in 2001 by the Supreme Court of Canada to Marijana Ruzic, who imported heroin to Canada under threat that her mother in Belgrade would be harmed by thugs if she did not comply.
The Nova Scotia judgment is a very humane reading of duress, one that does not try to measure the impossible. That is, whose life is worth more?
Rather than demanding that the criminal act be demonstrably less serious than the harm avoided to make out duress, the court said that proportionality is satisfied by "threats of such gravity that they might well cause a reasonable person in the same situation as the accused to act in the same manner."
Although four Nova Scotia judges agreed that this battered woman's act did not warrant criminal condemnation, what this decision does not resolve are her continuing safety concerns and the real limits on her freedom and equality rights.
To compound this tragedy, Doucet lost custody of her daughter to her former partner back in 2008 when she was charged.
Who now will protect Nicole Doucet and her child?
Elizabeth Sheehy is an author and law professor at the Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa.


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text: Clayton Farms Listing Category: Vegetable FarmListing Tags: Baltimore and Organic Profile Small scale suburban organic spin farming. We are certified naturally grown organic produce farmers in Baltimore and Carroll County MD. Non GMO, no chemicals, grown with love. Related Map No Records FoundSorry, no records were found. Please adjust your search criteria and try again. Google Map Not LoadedSorry, unable to load Google Maps API. Driving Walking Bicycling Public Transport Miles Kilometers


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Meetings and Events
Your stakeholders experience your business through meetings and events.
Whether it's a national sales meeting, a product launch, a trade show, or a board retreat; valuable resources are allocated to bring people together for some intended purpose. Done well, these meetings are a wise investment of time, energy, and financial resources. Done poorly, meetings are a colossal waste of time, energy, and financial resources. Call us if you'd like to discuss how we might help you design, develop, and produce meetings that matter.
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Watch As This Huge 'Loch Ness Monster' Is Sighted Swimming Through Icy Waters
The Loch Ness monster is about as elusive as the talent of a Kardashian or political prowess in the upcoming Presidential election.
Still, that doesn't stop people around the world trying to figure all this shit out, and the myth of Nessie is no different. We might be gullible but we're a curious bunch, to say the least.
The most recent footage thought to show the Loch Ness Monster was released by the Alaskan Bureau of Land Management yesterday and, to the absolute shock and amazement of us all, it's not at all unconvincing.
The footage has Nessie hunters convinced the Loch Ness Monster exists, and is alive and swimming.
However, a few concerns have been raised. Namely, this footage was taken at the University Avenue bridge on the Chena River… In Alaska.
What Nessie is doing over there in this chilly weather, I don't know, and don't get me started on how the creature managed to escape her naturally-formed Loch-prison in the Scottish highlands.
The videographer, Bureau of Land Management Fairbanks District Office Public Affairs Specialist Craig McCaa said:
I initially thought, and several people thought, it could be some rope that snagged on the bottom of the river with chunks of ice.
Other people have mentioned everything from sea monster to giant sturgeon.
Nessie or not Nessie? Either way, I'm questioning whether this is really necessary at all.
Topics: News


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- August 20, 1923 - March 30, 2015
- Avoca, New York
of Gloria's Passing
Share This Obituary
Make a Memorial Donation
Tributes.com partners with over 100 national charities. It's easy and secure.Donate
Gloria was born on August 20, 1923 and passed away on Monday, March 30, 2015.
Gloria was a resident of Avoca, New York at the time of passing.
Gloria was married to Leonard.
There will be an hour of calling from 7-8 p.m. Thursday at the Bishop & Johnson Funeral Home, Inc., 285 Main St. Hornell. There will be no funeral service. Interment will be at St. Mary's Cemetery, Town of Fremont, at the convenience of the family.
Those wishing may contribute in her memory to either the Steuben County RSVP, 3 E. Pulteney Square, Bath, N.Y. 14810, or to Faith In Action, P.O. Box 117, Hornell, N.Y. 14843. Envelopes for memorial contributions will be available at the funeral home.


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Day 1
|Inntel Room
|On the canal tour
We spent the rest of the day walking around the city visiting the Dam Square and Red Light district before having some Thai food for dinner and calling it an early night.
Day 2
|Portuguese Synagogue
Next we moved on to the Jewish Historical Museum which is housed in a series of interconnected buildings which were four former synagogues and told the story of Jews in Amsterdam. Then we went onto the Portuguese Synagogue which manage to avoid destruction during WWII and is still in use today.
After a delicious lunch at a cafe, we moved on to the Hortus Botanicus (Botanical Garden), which had nice greenhouses and was pretty because it was snowing, but I wouldn't recommend visiting in winter if you don't have the iAmsterdam card (free admission). Then, to end our afternoon we went to Het Scheepvaartmuseum (The Ship Museum), which has a cool 350+ year old ship that you can tour as well as some temporary and permanent exhibits on the Holland ship industry and even a fun simulator ride.
|Butterfly exhibit at Hortus Botanicus
|Xtra Cold Ice Bar
At least for dinner we had one of the best meals of the trip at a restaurant called Dubbel.
Shariously stay tuned for Part 2!
Shariously stay tuned for Part 2!


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Weitere Empfehlungen zu Le Roux and Müller's Field Guide to the Trees and Shrubs of Namibia
Trees and Shrubs of the Etosha National Park and in Northern...
Trees and Shrubs of the Okavango Delta. Medicinal uses and n...
How to Identify Trees in Southern Africa
First Field Guide to Trees of Southern Africa
Palgrave's Trees of Southern Africa
Field guide to common trees and shrubs of East Africa
Photo Guide to Trees of Southern Africa
Making the most of Indigenous Trees
Book title: Le Roux and Müller's Field Guide to the Trees and Shrubs of Namibia
Authors: Piet le Roux; Mike Müller; Coleen Mannheimer; Barbara Curtis
Publisher: MacMillan Education
Windhoek, Namibia 2009
Softcover, 17x24 cm, 526 pages, throughout colour photos
This is an indispensable handbook for plant enthusiasts in Namibia. Revised and expanded by Coleen Mannheimer and Barbara Curtis this photographic guide to trees and shrubs of Namibia includes descriptions of and keys to over 400 species.
Many of the species, particularly the shrubs, are not covered by other tree guides for the region. As far as possible, photographs of every aspect of each plant - habit, bark, leaf, flower and fruit - have been included to facilitate species identification. Keys to families, genera and species are provided, as well as hints on field identification, habitat and uses.
As long ago as 1973, Mr Piet le Roux, the first Professional Forester in the then South West Africa wrote a detailed guide to the trees and larger shrubs of Namibia. He was based in Grootfontein, and found the felling of an estimated 4 million indigenous trees for the Tsumeb and Abenab mines of particular concern, noting that they were speedily replaced by invasive species such as Dichrostachys cinerea and Acacia mellifera. […]


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- Home
- Witch Dolls
Witch Dolls
We offer the largest selection of witch dolls and witch figurines in North America. Here you'll find kitchen witch dolls, collectable witch dolls, pretty glamour witch dolls, witch fairy dolls by Mark Roberts - even La Befana and Strega Nona Witch dolls. We are the only US source for the famous Pendle Witch Dolls of England and we've convinced them that it's high time they agreed to grace the kitchens and homes of their American friends. And so, fresh from their flight o'r the Atlantic - we are happy to present the infamous Witches of Pendle!


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Looking for something that would help in making teeth more beautiful? Well, these days, there has been an addition of new technology in the dental field in the form of laminates and veneers. These are basically the shells that would have the color of the tooth material and they are bonded on the front areas of the teeth so as to make them look pleasant.
Porcelain laminates or porcelain veneers are commonly known as dental veneers. They are a lifelike material that creates smile that is natural looking. They are usually wafer-thin, customized shells of material that is same as the color of the tooth specially designed and made to cover the front teeth surface so as to improve the smile and appearance of the people. These shells are mostly bonded to the front teeth as per the color, size and structure.
There is a complication in porcelain laminate veneers that it has a very thin ceramic layer that helps in replacing the enamel of the tooth along with an adhesive layer. So, in order to fix the dental veneers a small amount of enamel from the tooth is removed so as to make space for fixing the porcelain laminate veneers. This helps in restoring the natural function of the teeth and helps in enhancing the overall appearance of the individual.
The bond that is made between the tooth and the porcelain veneers is critical as it helps in providing the desired appealing faultlessness. Light-sensitive resin is usually placed between the tooth and the veneer and then hardened using a special curing light.
Porcelain veneers are a very successful in treating situations where the tooth has developed poor color, shape, and forms. It acts as a good option for teeth that are fractured, have gaps between them or have minor bite related problems. Porcelain veneers also act as a best option for people whose teeth do not respond well to tooth whitening or bleaching.
If you are quite worried about the price of the treatment then we would like to clear that we do provide the dental treatments including this one at an affordable price. We would look into the case and decide as to whether direct laminates would work or indirect laminates would work out in your case. Direct laminates are to be worked upon directly in the patient's mouth. Indirect laminates are made at the lab and then fitted in the patients' mouth.
If you have the question in mind that do dental veneers and laminates look natural then the answer is that, we work upon the best quality materials so as to give your teeth the natural look which gives a smile makeover. In fact, no one can recognize as to you are using laminates for teeth. We would discuss with you all the options as available in case of the materials used and guide you as well. In most of the cases these are the materials used for laminates:
Just approach BEST DENTAL CLINIC IN GURGAON, the Dental hub for more queries and doubts. Take an appointment and see how we can change your look.
© Ichelon All Rights Reserved 2018


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250 g/9 oz
Shortcrust Pastry
75 g/3 oz butter or margarine
50g/2 oz soft brown sugar
30 ml/2 tbsp milk
250 ml/8 fl oz/1 cup condensed milk
3-4 bananas, thickly sliced
Lemon juice
300 ml double (heavy) cream
Roll out the pastry and use to line a 3
cm/9 in deep loose-bottomed flan tin (pan). Cover with baking
parchment and fill with baking beans and bake blind in a preheated
oven at 200°C/400°F/gas 6 for about 10 minutes. Remove the paper and
beans and bake for a further 5 minutes until light golden.
Meanwhile, heat the butter and sugar in a pan and stir until
dissolved. Bring to the boil and boil for 1 minute, stirring
continuously. Remove from the heat and stir in the milk and condensed
milk. Return to the boil for 2 minutes or until the mixture is golden
and very thick, stirring continuously. Arrange the bananas in the
pastry case and sprinkle with a little lemon juice. Cover completely
with the fudge and leave to cool. Chill for 45 minutes until set. Whip
the cream and pile on top of the pie. Decorate with extra banana,
sprinkled with lemon juice, if you wish. Serve within 2–3 hours.
More Tarts Recipes


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It's your support that makes the difference.
More from
We drive change in Europe.
Open Europe's 'EU Wargames' – a unique simulation of both the UK-EU renegotiation and what might happen if there was a referendum result in favour of Brexit – illustrate the key challenges that UK negotiators are likely to face both in seeking reform of the EU but also a comprehensive economic agreement if there is a Brexit.
17 February 2016
Credits: Claire Greenway, Getty Images
Ahead of this week's crucial EU summit meeting, at which Prime Minister David Cameron hopes to finalise his EU renegotiation, Open Europe has published a new report setting out the conclusions and lessons of its 'EU Wargames' – a unique simulation of both the current UK-EU renegotiation and what might happen if there was a referendum result in favour of Brexit.
Open Europe's EU Wargames, which assembled 'players' including former prime ministers and cabinet ministers to represent their countries or the EU institutions, took place in front of a live studio audience rather than behind closed doors – they are the closest the public can get to being inside the negotiating room. The simulated negotiations provided a number of lessons which are now being borne out in reality.
Despite the consensus view in the UK that all the demands outside of those on EU migrants' access to welfare are easy, our wargame suggested that there could yet be a number of stumbling blocks. We are now seeing disputes arise around the safeguards for non-Eurozone countries and, in particular, concerns around differential regulation between those inside the banking union and those outside. Of course, the debate around how long the 'emergency brake' on EU migrants' access to benefits will apply for remains open, as does the exact nature of access to in-work benefits which will be eased over time. Despite these stumbling blocks a deal still looks on the cards. However, other EU states should be very careful about watering the deal down or they could very well be facing the reality of a Brexit in a few months.
A growing question is why the deal has seemingly focused on the minutiae. The wargame may provide further lessons here. Ultimately, the EU has shown a lack of willingness to have a discussion about fundamental, structural reform. When the UK embarked on this process, there was a view that the Eurozone would also be undergoing serious structural changes. While that still seems possible and even likely, the discussion has been delayed until after the French and German elections in 2017. Ironically, after months and even years of the UK trying to talk of EU reform and linking its own concerns to the broader challenges facing the EU, other member states are actively pushing towards a narrow UK-only deal.
There was also an acute sense in the negotiations of the constraints which other governments are working under in terms of their own public opinions – there is a significant amount of concern (justified or not) around whether a deal for the UK will be sellable or encourage 'populist' forces in other states. Finally, there is also a sense that those involved still do not fully understand where one another is coming from, with many of the UK demands (for example on migration) not well understood and much of the other states resistance equally coming as a bit of a surprise. These lessons help to explain in part why the current negotiations have been so difficult.
But here is where the lessons from the simulated Brexit negotiations might be of use to both sides. If people believe the reform negotiations are difficult, irrational and emotional, then Brexit negotiations could well be even more challenging.
In putting forward the framework for life outside the EU, the UK player, former Chancellor of the Exchequer Lord Norman Lamont, shied away from the obvious templates to be found in Norway and Switzerland's relationships with the EU in favour of something new. He decided the best approach would be to seek a comprehensive free trade agreement, citing the EU deal with Canada as a good starting point.
For an organisation dealing with the Eurozone and refugee crises, Brexit could provide another existential threat. Some countries warned that doing a post-Brexit deal with the UK would not be a top priority – perhaps as a negotiating ploy – but the player representing the EU institutions, disagreed, saying that in reality a new trade deal with the UK would become the EU's "top political priority." This did not mean the UK would get an easy ride though.
Of all the individual member states, Ireland has the most to lose from a Brexit. Open Europe research has found that Ireland could see a permanent loss to GDP of between 3.1% and 1.1% if there were a Brexit. There could also be further complications for Northern Ireland, for example around the creation of a customs border and uncertainty about the free movement of people. As a result, Ireland was keen for a post-Brexit deal to be sealed with the UK as quickly as possible and potentially for a special arrangement to take into account the special nature of the Anglo-Irish relationship. While other countries expressed a desire for "solidarity" with Ireland, how far this would go was unclear.
#euwargames is now trending TOP in UK. Visit https://t.co/p5dFsOlJmE for Top trends in your area pic.twitter.com/wT5ijuf1pX
— TrendsinUK (@TrendsinBritain) January 25, 2016
#euwargames is now trending TOP in UK. Visit https://t.co/p5dFsOlJmE for Top trends in your area pic.twitter.com/wT5ijuf1pX
— TrendsinUK (@TrendsinBritain) January 25, 2016
If you cannot see the PDF reader below, please see here for the full report.
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Making the choice to become a veterinarian and enter into a profession defined by serving the health needs of companion animals comes with many responsibilities. Most notably, ensuring our clients' pets receive the medical care they need is more than just a 9-to-5 job.
We understand that emergencies can happen at any hour and when they do; our clients rely on us to be available and ensure they receive timely emergency care. During our regular office hours, Pet's Friend Animal Clinic is fully prepared to handle any medical emergency your pet may encounter.
Once your pet's condition is stabilized, our advanced diagnostics, expertise in internal medicine, modern surgical suite, and all of the resources of our hospital are available for the care of your pet. In order to provide 24 hour/ 7 days per week coverage to our clients, we partner with a local veterinary emergency center. Not only do they provide after-hours coverage, but our partnership ensures that there is an open line of communication between our two facilities so there is continuity of care for your beloved pet.
For after-hours emergency care:
Sage Centers for Veterinary Specialty & Emergency Care
(408) 343-7243
907 Dell Avenue, Campbell
United Veterinary Specialty & Emergency
(408) 371-6252
905 Dell Avenue, Campbell
South Peninsula
(650) 494-1461
3045 Middlefield Road, Palo Alto
What to Do in an Emergency
- Remain calm.
- Phone your veterinarian.
- Do NOT attempt home remedies.
- Discuss the emergency with the staff on duty.
- Be cautious when handling injured animals. Animals in pain often bite.
- Be sure you know how to get to the hospital.
When Should I Seek Emergency Care?
- Difficulty breathing
- Acute abdominal swelling
- Electric shock
- Excessive vomiting or diarrhea
- Excessive bleeding
- Exhibits symptoms of heat stroke
- Repetitive and prolonged seizures
- Snake bites
- High or low temperature (more than 104 or less than 100 degrees)
- Unable to urinate or defecate


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Super under utilized. Large white feathers, similar to astilbe, sit atop an almost shrub like base. Blooms for the majority of the summer. Brightens any shade garden. Can be large, but plant breeders are coming out with more dwarf varieties.Care
Post a picture of your Goats Beard (Aruncus aethusifolius) and tag us @dennis7dees on Instagram to be featured on our feed!


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You may have noticed something unique about our 2016 Parade of Homes Showcase home, the Earth. This home proudly features a luxurious living space off the main house and across the courtyard—and the space, known as a casita or little house, is perfect for families in a variety of living situations.
Take a look at today's blog to see just how versatile this "little house" can be, with six smart ways to use your own!
Mother-in-law suite
A mother-in-law suite is an excellent use of your home's casita. For parents who move in with their families for added comfort and convenience, there's no better way to blend independent living with an easily accessible main house (and, of course, the people in it!).
Guest space
If you have the spare space on hand, you probably love treating your house guests to the luxury experience—and a casita is perfectly positioned to let you do just that. Your friends or visiting loved ones can relax and feel right at home with a bedroom, closet and bathroom that's just for them, while still joining you, their host, for fun, meals, entertainment and more during the day. And of course, the beautiful poolside view is sure to be reminiscent of their favorite hotel visits.
Home office
Do you work from home, or want to devote more time to your studies or a special project? A casita turned home office will let you spend hours focusing on your task when it counts the most—then you get to walk across your home courtyard and return to the comfort and relaxation of your main house. For those who struggle with separating work and home life, a detached home office might be just the thing you need.
Independent living
If your teenager craves more independence, a casita lets them enjoy a space of their own—without actually leaving home! It will let them learn the basics of home maintenance and responsibility in real time. Adult children who are returning home after college are also sure to enjoy the sense of separation while still being close to the ones they love.
What's your passion? Whether it's creating beautiful music or painting portraits of the people you love, your casita might be able to serve as your at-home studio. It's a quiet place where you can hone your craft—and the beautiful view is sure to inspire your creative streak!
Family game room
Turn your casita into a family game room and entertainment space, where you, your friends and loved ones can enjoy game nights, movie marathons and more. Your child might also love using the space for parties and sleepovers of their own! Add a popcorn machine and a few tabletop games, and it will be a room poised to be the most fun spot on the block.
Which of these great uses do you plan to put in place for your own casita? Let us know!
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Cybersecurity: Selected Issues for the 115th Congress
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Cyber Round Up: Cyber Command Strategy; Cyber Crime Suspect Arrested in Spain; U.S. Far Behind Russia and China in Cyber Operations
United States Cyber Command's New Vision: What It Entails and Why It Matters (Lawfare): Yesterday, I posted a document from U.S. Cyber Command here. Dr. Richard J. Harknett wrote a piece assessing the document for Lawfare on Friday, in which he labels the strategy a significant evolution in both strategy and operations for cyber. Harknett lists […]
Cyber Command Strategy Document: Achieve and Maintain Cyberspace Superiority
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Actual Indictment – Iranians Charged with Hacking 144 Universities and Lots More
Nine Iranians Charged With Conducting Massive Cyber Theft Campaign on Behalf of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Mabna Institute Hackers Penetrated Systems Belonging to Hundreds of Universities, Companies, and Other Victims to Steal Research, Academic and Proprietary Data, and Intellectual Property Please follow and like us:
The Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data (CLOUD) Act
This blog usually does not cover legislative proposals because they too often never progress through the process. But as Steve Vladeck first pointed out via tweet earlier this evening, the latest spending bill includes a provision worth addressing here. The Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act (CLOUD) Act, addressed the use of stored data […]
US military cyber group tried to 'manipulate the thinking' of ISIS followers
A few weeks ago, I wrote a post on the difference between cyber and information warfare and U.S. policy in this sphere. The idea was sparked by a lecture from Gen. Michael Hayden this past fall at Syracuse University, when I realized that many people have likely conflated these two concepts. Cyber operations can be […]
Encryption Policy in Democratic Regimes: Finding Convergent Paths and Balanced Solutions
Below is a report from the East West Institute titled "Encryption Policy in Democratic Regimes: Finding Convergent Paths and Balanced Solutions." The organization's own press release states that the report "provides nine normative recommendations on encryption policy to ensure strong cybersecurity while enabling lawful law enforcement access to the plaintext of encrypted information in limited […]
Cyber Round Up: Germany Calls Russian Cyber Attack 'warfare'; Cyber Command Not a 'Bully'; New SEC Guidance Comes Up Short
Russia cyber attack on Germany a 'form of warfare' (The Telegraph): A story last week discussed a recent and then still ongoing cyber attack against Germany. The report said that while government officials weren't saying much, many expect there to be a lot more damage than those officials were initially letting on. The story suggested that the […]
Blockchain: Background and Policy Issues
Below is a Congressional Research Service report released last week that provides some basic background regarding blockchain technology and related policy issues. Please follow and like us:
Cisco Systems 2018 Annual Cybersecurity Report
Below is Cisco's annual cyber report. An article with commentary on the report from Forbes can be found here. Please follow and like us:


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To achieve a target/goal, directions and instructions plays very vital role for your success. As I've written in my previous post that I've started learning shell programming. So I am preferring two books for that; one is Unix Shell Programming and one book of Sumitabha Das. I have started through Sumitabha Das but afterward I shifted over to Unix Shell Programming book. After reading couple of chapters, I directly jumped to shell programming chapter and started reading the programing tact. I thought that after finishing this I will be able to write some script. But I was wrong; came to know through one my friend who practiced linux system administration in Satyam. He suggested that basic is first brick of any strong building so first learn unix and after that learn shell scripting. It will give you robust start in shell programming. So now I've totally focused on Unix.
"In your way one instruction and direction can change everything"


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African American Studies
With a minor in African American Studies from University of Detroit Mercy, you'll gain a deeper understanding of the African American experience as you explore the relationship between race, diversity and society. No matter your background or major, this minor will add richness and depth to your education.
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Your Boundless Future
Students who minor in African American Studies are able to apply their knowledge in a wide variety of fields, including politics, public policy, law, media, education and social services. Graduates are activists in their community and the voice of diversity in the workplace.


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Brooches designed and handmade in Britain
At The Cat's Miaou we have a great range of unusual brooches by British craftspeople. In fact many are made right here in Edinburgh. From pretty floral hearts and cute animals, to wooden skulls or Harris Tweed, we have something to suit all tastes and budgets.
Zixiao brooches
Cute animal, bird, heart and butterfly brooches by Zixiao Chang. From £6. We also have a large range of her earrings and pendants. Zixiao's work has been a bestseller since The Cat's Miaou began trading in 2009. She also designed our carrier bags.
Kat Hayes
Crazy fimo animals, gnomes, toadstools and weather symbols hand made in Edinburgh by Kat Hayes. We also stock her earrings, hair slides and cards.
Alexis southam
Bird brooches, earrings, and necklaces lovingly hand created by Alexis Southam. £7-£15. She is a local silversmith who lives just a few minutes walk from The Cat's Miaou.
We have recently started stocking some of her sterling silver leaf studs and swallow necklaces
Designer amber/sterling silver brooches from Poland.
Mon - Fri 10.30am-7pm
Saturday 10.30am-7pm
Sunday 11.30am-5.30pm
Contact Details
The Cat's Miaou
36 Elm Row
0131 557 1277


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A simple way to reduce the friction, lessen wear on the engine and extend the life of your vehicle.
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As authorised Isuzu service agents, we're able to assist with all vehicle service and repair work on Isuzu derivatives. Our service centre technicians undergo regular product specific training and our workshops comply with tooling standards as set by Isuzu South Africa.
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A simple way to reduce the friction, lessen wear on the engine and extend the life of your vehicle.
Maintaining your brakes is very important in ensuring the safety of you and your passengers. Check them regularly.
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Our service and repair technicians regularly undergo product and brand specific training. All our workshops across the Western Cape comply with the tooling standards that vehicle manufacturers have set.
Should you wish to make a parts or accessories enquiry, make sure to contact us today!


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Music by Lewis D. Edwards, 1858-1921
Arrangement by Paul Cardall
String/Choral Arrangement by Marshall McDonald
Music © 2016 Works by Stone Angel Music (BMI)
What comfort this sweet sentence gives,
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I know He lives.
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He lives, my Savior, still the same.
Oh, sweet the joy this sentence gives:
"I know that my Redeemer lives!"
I know, I know He lives.
He lives!


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Last night Phoebe was out of the room for a while, and Beatrice had a look-in with the Crinkle Cat Bag. It didn't last long, but she did have fun with it, rolling over and showing off her very pretty spotty tummy!
Today we've been playing with Phoebe, using the Flying Frenzy toy. No video yet, but I'll get my hubby to help soon. That's an awesome toy! At this rate Phoebe will soon be shedding her extra weight. She's rather tired after her exertions tonight, and is using the Crinkle Bag as a bed!
These new toys are proving to be a great success.


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At your fingertips: A wealth of information on your donors and other constituents. See in-depth data on giving history, touches, connections to your organization, volunteer activity, and more, all in a view that your organization can tailor to meet the needs of front-line fundraisers' needs.
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Research the Best Options for Residential Solar Panel Installation and What It May Do for Your House
Solar panels hold a great deal of value and help with the reduction of household energy and utility costs every year. With heating and cooling making up over half of all utility expenses in most homes, there is much to gain from the cost reduction that comes with the installation of solar energy systems. Solar power is the largest renewable energy source worldwide, has grown incredibly over the last couple of decades.
How Do Solar Panels Work?
A great deal of concern exists regarding the ability of residential solar panels to provide enough energy to keep homes powered 365 days a year. So, with residential solar panel installation, you can stop questioning those short days, or even the rainy seasons where the sun is not out very much, consumer concern exists for the quality of solar panels. So, there are a number of details about these systems to remember when considering the choice of residential solar panels, or commercial solar energy as well. The placement of solar pa
When and Why to Get Some Gravel Delivered
Landscaping is the act of modifying terrain to make it more useful and/or more attractive, and a landscaped piece of property may have natural and/or man-made features added to complete this work. Parks, office lawns, and of course residential lawns may have landscaping done, and for good reason. No one likes a patch of bare, ugly dirt or weeds, so landscaping may be done both for the owner's benefit and to impress guests and future buyers alike. Landscaping varies widely, but some of the easiest materials to install may be natural features ranging from landscaping rocks and crushed gravel to commercial sand, trees, bushes, flowers, and more. Gravel delivery may be requested, and a company that does gravel delivery may bring the supplies that a landscaper needs to get started. The suppliers of landscaping goods and the workers who use them may be different, but the end r


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Train tough. Live fierce.
A blend of Olympic lifting, strength training and athletic movement with serious nutrition, an inspiring community and an extremely engaged coach. You will master new skills, be part of a team, and have some fun.
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Box jumps, ball slams, sled pushing, kettlebells. You will quickly know your way around a weight stand. Dumbbells. Barbells. Battle ropes and recovery. Encouragement from all.
Dumbbells, Resistance Bands, ViPRs, Suspension Training, Tires, Battle Ropes
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60 Minutes
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Alpha Strong is a complete program that covers lifting, functional movements, overall lifestyle and mindset. Training in various phases allows the body to be challenged and helps prevent plateau. The basic movements may remain the same, but we change up reps, load, tempo and intensities to keep the body guessing.
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You want to improve your athletic performance. Take your fitness to a completely new level and push your body to its highest potential. This is the program to achieve these goals.
Going beyond exercise, this foundational program focuses on nutrition, new routines and healthy habits. Your group quickly becomes a community that feels like family.
An enthusiastic coach knows your goals and keeps you motivated. Your desire to try new things allows for progressive improvement through more advanced movements.
Always consult your physician before beginning any new exercise program.


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Which is the best direction to point your solar panels?
It's an interesting question and you would think the answer is pretty simple – NORTH.
In many cases you'd be right, a north facing solar array will generate more electricity than an array that faces east, west or south. In Geelong, putting panels on an east or west roof will normally result in a loss of around 15%, compared with a north facing array on a 30 degree pitch. Many people are surprised by how small this loss is and it certainly doesn't rule out these options. It's recommended however to steer away from south facing panels where possible, where losses are in the range of 30-40% on a standard home's roof pitch.
With the introduction of lower feed in tariff (FIT) rates for your solar electricity that's exported to the grid, an interesting discussion about solar panel orientation has come about. Should we be facing our panels west?
Sure a north facing array generates more electricity than one that faces west, but it generates the peak of it's generation for the home in the middle of the day. For the average working family that has a low electricity consumption during the day it could mean that a lot of the electricity generated is being exported to the grid at the current FIT rate of 8c/kWh. The theory is, that if you were to face your panels west, they would generate more electricity later in the day, when you are more likely to be using the power. In this case you would be able to offset the cost of buying electricity from the grid at the going rate (often over 30c/kWh), which is more valuable to you. This is true particularly in summer when solar production is higher and the daylight hours are longer extending into dinner times.
Another related argument for pointing panels west comes from a Renew Economy article where Adam McHugh, a lecturer in energy economics and energy policy at Murdoch University, where he suggests that pointing solar panels west, would correlate the systems output with times of peak demand on summer afternoons. On hot sunny days when everyone turns their air conditioners on, west facing solar panels would be producing electricity. West facing solar has the potential to compete with the distribution network and expensive peak generators by reducing the cost of supplying electricity particularly during peak demand events.
The orientation of your roof and available space may be the deciding factor in the end, but it's good to know that there are normally a couple of options. A good solar installer will give you a comprehensive analysis of your solar systems production as part of your quote. This should show average daily kWh estimates broken down monthly and for the year based on your roofs orientation and pitch.
For more info on panel orientation or the potential of you roof give Green Energy Options a call on 1300 931 929.


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Bike rests are located next to row D (Dove) of our Lodge (North) car park. If you are planning to cycle please bring your bike lock, to secure your bike to our rests.
We hope this answers your question.
View this in our help center | Still need help, get in touch
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History Of Kington St Michael
(Please scroll down to see recent history)
(For a more comprehensive history of the parish, kindly composed by Tim Storer, please click on the icon )
Kington St Michael was originally called Kington, indicating a royal farm or manor, and was first recorded in a Saxon document in 934 AD.
The Village is sited on a brash limestone outcrop and remains a Street Village in pattern to this day. The church of St Michael and All Angels dates back to the twelfth century. (To read the story of St Michael click on the icon: ) There used to be a sheep market held in the area in front of the Almshouses, and other markets held in enclosures nearby (the area in front of 77 and 78 Kington St Michael, for example). "The Jolly Huntsman" pub was originally called "The White Horse" and contained the brewery at the back of its premises. The wells supplying the water are 80 feet deep and are still accessible to this day. It is reputed that there was a tunnel between "The White Horse" and "The White Hart" opposite (today a private dwelling house). A smaller hostelry on the main street was located at what is now 75 Kington St Michael.
Please click here for Domesday map details.
(an old postard showing the Alms Houses, circa 1920s- kindly provided by Tim Storer)
The Manor House was rebuilt in the 1860's by Squire Herbert Prodgers. He also gave the village its school and schoolhouse, which was used until the late 1970's until the current school was built. The village undertook a fourteene year battle to save the old school premises for the benefit of the Parish, and is probably one of the very few in the country which retained their premises once they ceased to be used for educational purposes. The Reversioner for the property, a Mrs Roberts, gave the building back to the Village in the 1980's. The Parish Council was subsequently able to gain hold of the schoolhouse and the playground land, with a change in the law with regard to charities. A major fund raising exercise in the village enabled the whole building to be converted into a well-used Parish Hall, which was given charitable status by the Parish Council at that point. The complex of old and new Parish Halls will be of major benefit to the area in the years to come. For a history of the acquisition of the village hall please click here.
Squire Prodgers and his gatehouse
The old Manor House, demolished in the late 1800s The old Manor House (Circa late 19th century)
(Thanks to David West for providing the picture on the left from the Parish Plan)
Originally Kington St Michael included the the hamlet of Kington Langley, but this became a seperate parish in 1865. The burial grounds are maintained in the Parish Church, and the two villages retain responsibility for the six Almshouses located in Kington St Michael. Lands in the parish were bestowed upon Glastonbury Abbey and a house of Benedictine nuns was established at The Priory. For further information visit Wiltshire County Council's website.
Sketch of The Priory, published in The Gentleman magazine, August 1803
Sketched by JB (John Britton?)
(Reproduced by permission of Linda Durno, who owns an original magazine print).
The hamlet of Easton Piercy is now part of the parish of Kington St. Michael but until late in medieval times was a separate village and parish with its own small chapel, graveyard and cross. The chapel was taken down around 1610. The early name was Easton Piers from the Piers family who owned the manor in the mid 12th century. Easton Piercy was part of the Malmesbury Hundred.
In 1221 a house for paupers was built in the parish at The Priory - click here and enter "Kington St Michael" in the search box for details.
Another interesting website to explore is compiled by Duncan & Mandy Ball and contains 229 photographs of Kington St Michael church & churchyard. Do have a good look around it, as there are lists of those buried plus photos of gravestones.
To view an image of "The Annunciation to Mary", which was once held in the Benedictine Priory at Kington St Michael, click here.
Visit www.wiltshiretreasures.org and enter "Kington St Michael" in the search box to view artifacts related to the village.
For local historical information visit Wiltshire & Swindon History Centre's website www.wshc.eu
To view Wiltshire Community Histories on Wiltshire Council's website (which includes Kington St Michael) please click here, then select the parish you wish to view.
To view the Wiltshire On-line Parish Clerk's website click here - you will need to log in before searching for Kington St Michael. This has details of baptisms, marriages and burials from as early as 1791 to around 1911.
To view the Wiltshire On-line Parish Clerk's supplementary pages for Kington St Michael click here.
The Rev J E Jackson wrote about Kington St Michael in the The Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society Magazine No. X, Vol. IV, June 1857, which is available to read on-line. Please click here to go to the article on the Biodiversity Heritage Library website.
Kington St Michael World War I Records of the Fallen
Please click here to view the records of war graves of those from Kington St Michael who lost their lives in World War I.
Memories From KSM WI Members
Coal was delivered once a week. Apparently someone was having some of their coal stolen, so they made a hole in a piece of coal and put some explosive in it. The culprit was soon exposed by the bang when he put it on his fire!
The owner of Kington Manor used to arrange an annual outing for the children of the village and as a treat they were each given an orange to eat.
Wartime (WWII)
Some bombs meant for Hullavington were dropped behind Priory Cottage and people from all around came to see the craters big enough to put a house in. Barbara Tinson recalled coming out of school at midday and a German bomber flying low overhead machine-gunning, so she quickly hit the floor. Many unexploded incendiaries were collected up and kept on Mr Lee the shopkeepers lawn, which was behind the club!
Italian prisoners of war were held in Chippenham and used to come to the village to join the local men doing vital agricultural work.
The village also housed evacuees during the war.
Winter Memories
1963 was probably one of the most sever winders in recent memory and there was deep snow through the village. Some children walked through snow drifts from behind The Plough to school, only to be told that the toilets were frozen so they must return home! Later when the snow melted, they realized theyd walked on top of the hedges.
A Bride's Tale from the 1960s
Sylvia Hyland (who now lives in Whitley Bay) has very kindly sent in her memories of her time in Kington St Michael in the 1960s, when she lived at Kington Manor and then at Tor Hill. At that time her husband worked for the Heidelberg Printing Company, which owned the Manor and its grounds. Please click here to read Sylvia's story.
Memories of Kington St Michael by Charlene Ellis (née Morse)
Many thanks to Charlene Ellis who has sent in her childhood memories of Kington St Michael and a
history of her family's connection with the village. Please
The village celebrated the Queen's Diamond Jubilee in great fashion.
Click here to see the programme of events and click on the Diamond Jubilee page tab for all the goings-on!
George Horatio Sealy Memorial
George Horatio Sealy The group attending the dedication on 12th July, 2010
The memorial stone
George Horatio Sealy was born 1846, in Kington St Michael to William and Elizabeth Sealy and together with his wife Annie, raised their family in the village. In 1904-06 the family emigrated to Canada to start a new life there, homesteading in the southern part of Saskatchewan. Today, many Sealy families and their descendents live throughout Canada.
On July 12th 2010, twenty-one of his descendants met at the Macrorie Cemetery, Saskatchewan, Canada, to honour him and dedicate the grave marker that had been installed at his resting place. These descendants had travelled from Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba, some to meet for the very first time, others to renew acquaintances from times past. Present in the party was Betty Goodwin, granddaughter and oldest living descendant of George Horatio Sealy.
Introductions were made in the Macrorie Rink, followed by a ceremony of prayers, hymns and Bible readings. Lunch, provided by the village ladies, came next and with it an opportunity to view the displays which Ted and Barb Sealy had made featuring the family tree, many photos of both ancestors and descendants and the picturesque village of Kington St Michael. It is hoped that many will visit Wiltshire in the future to experience for themselves.
Unlike the days preceding and following the event, the gathering was blessed with perfect weather, if a little windy, to make their way to the cemetery where a marble stone had been installed. Once again this provided an opportunity for people to reminisce, and contemplate the lives of those early settlers to the area, and give thanks that indeed they did settle there. (With thanks to Ted and Barb Sealy).
Pte Jack Sealy. Jack's grave in Villiers, Frence, with descendants of George Horatio Sealy. Jack was George's eldest son.
(In the photo: Garth Hampson, great grandson from Canada, with his daughter Diana and grandaughters Jessica, Abby and Chelsea).
Duckett Family Ancestral Gathering, 17th July 2009
After spotting Robbie Duckett's name on this website, various descendants of Richard John Duckett 1821-1896 & Elizabeth Ayres 1821-1889 e-mailed the website administrator. Having been put in touch with each other, the family members decided to meet up at The Jolly Huntsman on 18th July for lunch and to share their family trees and other information.
10th March 2009 - the website has received the following information, via Chippenham Museum (which had an exhibition on the village at the beginning of the year), from Mr Gordon Lewis, who believes that he has solved the mystery of the Spanish coins found on the recreation field:
"I've just read about the Kington St Michael exhibition that recently ended, and may be able to give one possible solution to the mysterious central American coins. It very much depends where they were found as to whether my theory is likely to have any weight.
My 6x great grandfather, Francis White, was born at Kington St Michael in 1726/7 - most likely at Kington Manor as his family were Lords of the Manor until the early 19th century. Around 1746 Francis White was a Lieutenant in the Colonel Trelawney's regiment and was sent to Jamaica (formerly a Spanish colony until the English took control) to fight against a slave uprising.
His military career was short lived, and by 1748 he had married Elizabeth De Lyon, the daughter of John De Lyon; a Physician and Hispanic Jew living in Jamaica. De Lyon's ancestors were expelled from Spain around 1495 as part of the Spanish Inquisition, although the period from the late 15th century through to the very early 18th is undocumented as most Spanish Jamaican records were destroyed by the English!
In September 1760, Ayliffe White, the father of Francis, became ill and made his will, stating that Francis would only receive an inheritance on his return to England. This suggests that Ayliffe was not in support of his son's adventures! A message was presumably sent to Jamaica that Ayliffe was dying, as Francis together with his own 11 year old son, were back in Kington St Michael by early 1761 when Ayliffe died. By March of the same year, Francis had also died and was buried alongside his father in Wiltshire.
Henry Boswell White, son of Francis, was placed in the guardianship of his uncle, also named Henry Boswell White, and never saw his mother or baby sister again, as they had remained in Jamaica. However, there appears to have been some communication between Jamaica and Wiltshire, as Henry's baby sister later named a slave after her brother and Henry was also aware that his widowed mother had remarried. Henry eventually farmed at The Plough.
With Jamaica formerly being a part of the Spanish empire, this definitely links the village with that part of the world. The De Lyon's were also very wealthy, as indicated in the will of John De Lyon, and so it is not improbable to suggest that the coins made their way to Wiltshire through one of my ancestors.
Hopefully this will be of assistance to both yourself and the village, and please feel free to forward this as appropriate.
Best wishes,
Gordon Lewis"
Mr Lewis has very kindly said that he is quite happy for any villagers to contact him if they have additional information or wish to know more about his own connections; e-mail email@example.com.
In 2008 the playing field was levelled in order to provide a suitable football pitch. During the works parishioner Tim Storer carried out metal detection on the site. Please click here to view his report and photographs taken. Items found included Roman artifacts, Elizabethan half groat, medieval buckles and spanish coins - causing much thought as to how they arrived in ington St Michael.
On Monday 3rd June 2002 Kington St Michael celebrated Queen Elizabeth II's Golden Jubilee, with a fancy dress parade, a street party, a go-kart race and various tournaments amongst other things. Click here to view the programme of events for the day and a selection of photos.
In 1991 villagers were notified that their telephone numbers would be changing - click here to read the letter from BT.
In 1985 the late journalist, Miles Kington, visited the village and in particular the church. Click here to read his ponderings, published in The Times on 17th January 1985.
The Pond Area, Stubbs Lane
Have you ever why the pond area is called that when it really looks more like a stream? Years ago the land there and Tor Hill and Home Farm (now Home Farm House) all belonged to Kington Manor. Home Farm had a herd of Jersey cattle which were led down cobbles to water at the pond. Subsequently the pond area has reduced in size and, presumably, the cobbles hidden beneath. (Thanks go to Robbie Duckett for this information).
Excerpt From "A Topographical Dictionary of England"
Author: Samuel Lewis (editor); year published 1848
"KINGTON (St. Michael), a parish, in the union of Chippenham, N. division of the hundred of Damerham, Chippenham and Calne, and N. divisions of Wilts; containing, with the tythings of Easton-Piercy and Langley, 1173 inhabitants, of whom 531 are in the tything of Kington, 3 miles (N. N. W.) from Chippenham. The parish is situated on the road from Chippenham to Malmesbury, and comprises by measurement 4000 acres; the soil is clay, sand, and stone brash, and the surface is flat, but not subject to inundation. There are several quarries of good building-stone. A fair for cattle and sheep is held on the 6th of October. The ancient manor-house near the church was the country residence of the abbots of Glastonbury. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books at £8. 9. 4½., and in the gift of the Earl of Mornington. The church, of which the tower and north aisle have been rebuilt within the last 60 or 70 years, has some fine Norman details. There are places of worship for Baptists and Independents. Isaac Lyte, alderman of London, who died in 1659, erected six almshouses, which he endowed with £20 per annum; and Mrs. White, in 1821, bequeathed the interest of £200 for their further endowment. In the parish are considerable remains of three religious houses, the principal of which, a Benedictine nunnery, in honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary, was founded before the time of Henry II., as a cell to the abbey of Glastonbury; the revenue, at the Dissolution, was £38. 3. 10.: the remains have been converted into a farmhouse. Mr. Britton, the antiquary, is a native of the parish."
For more information on Kington St Michael's history visit www.british-history.ac.uk
and enter Kington St Michael in the "search" box.
Damerham Hundred
A Hundred was an administrative area, a group of several parishes. Up to the 15th Century a Hundred had its own court to deal with minor offences. The courts continued with very few functions until 1886. The names of the hundreds were often used for Poor Law Unions and for Rural District Councils. You will find some tax records grouped by hundred in record offices, notably Land Tax. The Victoria County History, which has individual histories of the towns, parishes and hamlets of a county, is arranged by Hundred.
(Kington St Michael was in the Damerham Hundred, however Easton Piercy was in the Malmesbury Hundred)
Village Postbox
The postbox down by Stanton Lane is an Edward VII one. To find out more visit www.lbsg.org
(Photo courtesy of Niki Willows)
Kington St Michael Phonebox
In July 2007 the Parish Council heard from English Heritage that, following the PC's application, the Secretary of State has decided to list our one and only telephone box (Grade II). The listing took effect immediately and means that it is protected against unauthorised demolition, alteration or extension. There are now over 25 listed kiosks in North Wiltshire District with over 65 in total in the whole of Wiltshire. All are the K6 model with similar list descriptions, which do not generally differentiate between the pre-1952 structures and the post-1952 structures. Kington St Michael's appears to be post 1952 based on the crown. Nationally, over 2258 kiosks are listed and about 2,100 of these are the K6 type.
Our kiosk hasn't always been situated outside the old village hall - it was previously outside what is now the old post office (85 Kington St Michael) and was moved at some point in the 1950s or replaced by a new one:
Kington St Michael's Old Businesses
The village has had three pubs! At 3 Kington St Michael was the White Hart, which took its name from an earlier White Hart at 76 Kington St Michael. Now there is The Jolly Huntsman (previously called the White Horse). The village bakery was located at 85 Kington St Michael and this later became a post office and shop. There was a blacksmith next to the White Hart at 3 KSM and the village carpenter lived in Wheelwright Cottage (fomerly Woodbine Cottage?), 48 Kington St Michael. For some years there used to be another shop in the unit next to Kington St Michael Club.
In the early days there were no houses between the Old Chapel (built in 1830 as the Bethesda Baptist Chapel) and Stanton Lane, so the village was divided into "top" and "bottom".
Nostalgia from the Files of the Gazette Newspaper
August 1985: "Lead levels on the playground equipment are 12 times the acceptable limit, the parish council has told the company which supplied the equipment six years ago. In reply, the Kettering-based firm which supplied the slide, swings, climbing frame and rocking horse said there was no legal obligation to reduce lead levels in paint. The parish council decided to get the equipment stripped and repainted. It is now obtaining quotes for the work, which is expected to cost nearly £1,000."
May 1911: At the Chippenham Rural District Council on Monday, Dr Briscoe reported a serious outbreak of diptheria at Kington St Michael. There were eight cases and one death. As far as he was able to make out, a child attended school for four days whilst suffering from the disease and infected the other children. Accompanied by the surveyor, Dr Briscoe found at the back of the school [now the village hall] was an open drain and two heaps of stable manure. The drain ought to be connected with the sewer and the owner was willing to do that.
December 1907: "A most excellent entertainment was given by the school children on Tuesday. Although the programme was long and varied, everything went without a hitch, the energy of the children and promoters carrying all before it. There were some first-rate recitations and dialogues by boys and girls of all ages, including a little girl of three, whose reciting powers were simply extraordinary."
October 1901: "Kington St Michael - Owing to there being no means of flushing, the village sewer is said to be an elongated cesspool and at every corner of the street there is a horrible smell. There is no means of flushing in the school lavatories and it is feared the school will have to be closed owing to the want of sanitary arrangements. The water in the wells is also said to be impure."
Thank goodness times have changed!
John Aubrey & John Britton:
Click on the icon to read about these famous sons of Kington St Michael:
John Britton's Cottage (from a book by David Burnett called A Wiltshire Portrait 1568-1856)
(With thanks to Matt Bridger)
The interior of John Britton's cottage in 1777
This stood where the old village hall now stands (next to the 'phone box).
John Britton Esq
The interior of the cottage in which John Britton, the Wiltshire topographical writer, was born in Kington St Michael in 1777. The single downstairs room served as a hall, parlour and kitchen. Brittons gather was the village baker and shopkeeper, and Britton was later to explain his rise from such humble beginnings as proof of what may be affected by zeal and industry with moderate talents and without academic learning.
Britton was instrumental in the founding of the Wiltshire Topographical Society (now The Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society). He was also the author of The Beauties of Wiltshire and The History and Antiquities of the Cathedral Church of Salisbury.
Links with Francis Kilvert, the Diarist: Bibliography:
The mother of Francis Kilvert was a member of the Snell family who had bought the manor of Kington St. Michael at the Dissolution of the monasteries. Kilvert himself was a close friend of Charles Awdry, the vicar of Kington St. Michael, and he deputised for him in 1864-5, living in the village for several months. In the years 1874 and 1875 Kilvert made several visits to the village which he recorded in his diaries:
Around lay the rich undulating country, the emerald meadows in their setting of golden cornfields, and below nestled the Kings town, the home of my forefathers with the grey Church tower embosomed amongst its limes, and the long village street climbing the gentle slope beyond.
[15th August 1875]
He also relates that when the church bells were rung people in Kington Langley used to say, A hen has laid an egg at Kington. This was a saying, which indicated the local supposition that Kington inhabitants were too ready to ring their church bells without reason.
Kilverts Diary edited by William Plomer. Various editions
Links with Francis Kilvert, the Diarist:
Kington St Michael "At Home" Day 8th September, 1991
Back in September 1991 the village held an "At Home" day to raise money for village organisations.
Please click here to view a copy of the programme.
The photo above is of some representatives of St Nicholas Playgroup (now Acorns Pre-School).
(Left to right: Libby Baggett, Linda Amos (now Durno), Alexander Amos, Lauren Amos, Sue Baggett & Christopher Baggett)
Moorshall Cottages
Moorshall Cottages, derelict in the summer of 1979 (x 2 LH photos) and renevated by 1985 (above)
(Photos courtesy of Linda Durno)
Back in the summer of 1979 Moorshall Cottages, on the road out towards Grittleton, lay derelict but by 1985 had been bought and renevated.
Please click on the icon to view some old photos, which were kindly supplied by Ivan Balmforth: . If you can put a name to a face please e-mail the website firstname.lastname@example.com.
Former Headmaster visits village
Elfreda & James Frapwell
Mr James Ivor Frapwell, former Headmaster at
Mr Frapwell, who now lives in Chippenham, was Headmaster from September 1954 to May 1956. Whilst teaching, he was approached by the management of The Heidelberg Printing Company, which used to be situated at Kington Manor, and subsequently left to work for them. He has fond memories of his time in the village and recounted several names of village families; Duckett, Doughty and Sealy amongst them.
Kington St Michael's Shop
Thank you to Sam Homes of Kington Antiques & Interiors for providing this old photograph that was
given to her of the main street and shows the shop at no. 13 as it was then.
The shop at 13 Kington St Michael was next to the Club and was one of two in the village at
the time - the above photos was taken in 1989. (The other being a Post Office & shop at the corner
of Stubbs Lane - look closely in the wall there and you can see where the post box used to be!
This one then closed in 2003 and re-opened in part of the vilage hall in 2004).
After the shop above closed no. 13 became Typegrafix printing company and then offices.
By 2008 it was a catering company and in 2011 Kington Antiques & Interiors :
Ivy Cottage, 4 KSM
Ivy Cottage used to belong to Margaret Lawrie's grandfather, William Gainey (the 4th son of Mr & Mrs Jones Gainey). The Gainey's were an old KSM family. William married Bertha (formerly Bertha Gale, daughter of the late Mr & Mrs John Gale) also of KSM. Many thanks to Margaret for providing the photos (the one of Ivy Cottage was taken in the 1920's) and the following information:
"Ivy Cottage was a ramshackled cottage when my Grandfather purchased it for £76 c1911. He had to go to the Squire at Kington Manor to speak for him to buy the cottage. I understand that he was the first person to buy a property in the village (apart from the wealthy who already had homes there). He restored it using the original materials and roof tiles but unfortunately c1940 the rain started to come in and the roof was replaced with modern tiles. In c1932 he was the first person in the village to have electricity.
From memory I believe there is a photo of my Grandfather with his bicycle. He was the first person in the village to have a bike and was very proud of it."
Below is a photograph of Bertha Gainey:
Bertha Gainey


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Spring and summer are the seasons of brightness, new revelations in nature and within oneself, opening doorways to creativity and a breath of fresh air. It is the time to play around a little bit with your wide array of imaginations and tug out some fun making some cute household stuff.
You hardly need any reason for trying your hand at these fun ideas. Just any reason will do - even no reason as well! It is one of the best ideas to spend a holiday weekend. It can be the cutest gift to your mother on Mother's day as well. It can not only turn into your favorite hobby, but a healthy pastime it is for the whole family. What more, to make these sweet little nothings, you just don't have to invest a fortune. These craft ideas are quite inexpensive too. You can get your materials in local thrift stores in pre-assembled kits. And to guide you through, there are a number of online sites that will give you step by step guidelines on your project.
Now, if you are thinking of what you are going to make for yourself and your family this summer, here are some ideas of quite a few of them.
You can create the ambience of some really magical light for a beautiful summer evening with this innovative glass candle-stand ornated with colorful glass nuggets. Collect a combination of glass-nuggets, both opaque and transparent, and fix them with glue on the outside wall of an old glass that your mom is no more using, in the design of your liking. When the candle light will shine through the little spaces between the nuggets, it will just look mesmerizing. Use different colors for a totally new look.
Arrange terra cotta clay pots, inverted, and in a descending order, larger ones at the base and the smaller ones at the top. Make a clay saucer sit in to catch the drained water. Set this saucer on the bottom of the stack of the inverted pots. Paint the pots in the colors of your imaginations. For making your bird-bath more enjoyable for the winged folks, add a mister, for birds love playing with water. They are surely going to love it.
You can use a chipped pot for the purpose. You can paint it according to your liking and a toad abode is ready!
It will not stop just being a summer craft idea. Try to make it a tradition. Personalize with memorable items of the year (even toys will do). Mark the stone with the year. A footprint each year will symbolize the journey through life. Even kids will like recording their growth from summer to winter season of the year.
Letter beads (with your initials), a charm or two, or an funky earring (if you have lost the second one of the pair) tied to a black and gold thread or added in a simple chain makes personalized necklace for you, your cousins, what more, even for your mother and grandmother. Watch their smile as you gift them your hand-made jewelry.
Use paper, dried flowers, ribbons, beads and charms connected to a thick yarn to create your own bookmarks.
Add zing to your throw pillow with fabric colors, and embellishment. Use cloth glue adhere funky buttons. You can use 3D fabric tubes and create beautiful embossed impressions. You can also use tie-dye, iron-on colored side or reverse dying using a darker cloth. Use bleach to make many artistic designs to dream-paint any pillow or any piece of fabric.
It is also a lot of fun to hold gatherings with friends for tie-dye sessions on late summer afternoons. You will not only end up exchanging a lot of ideas and artistic imaginations, but will also enjoy a lot with you peers!
This summer unwind yourself to have a dip into that whole sea of artistic craftsmanship, a trip to creativeness with all your imaginations.


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To get began, it's essential master the fundamentals of rowing machine exercises and a rowing machine mimic the actual expertise of rowing a boat minus the water. It's such a fantastic exercise for all the main muscle groups in the physique for immediate the arms and the legs. The resistance degree could be increased to stretch the muscle tissues as well as adjusting the rowing pace to swimsuit you.
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Equipment #5 ($12.99): Pros: With a number of application of Deer Antler Velvet already unearthed, many researchers are nonetheless in the means of discovering still extra uses from this precious natural substance. Does the Bender Ball benefit full body training?
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You will be very confident if you go the Energy Half Hour route that rising train science will probably be working exhausting in your best possible outcomes. Copyright (c) 2007 Irene Levy Is the … Read More


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The Black Hills of South Dakota and Yellowstone National Park of Wyoming offer the best of America's western national parks.
Join us this season for a celebration of America's great national parks. From the man-made wonder of Mount Rushmore to the extraordinary geysers, mud volcanoes and wildlife of America's first national park, this ten-day itinerary provides an outstanding western experience. Rendezvous at Jackson Hole, home of the uniquely American tradition of legendary Mountain Man and myth, follow the tracks of the Oregon Trail pioneers in Nebraska, experience the thrill of the Black Hills gold rush, and glory in the splendor of Colorado's Rocky Mountains.
Begins and ends in Denver.
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The Caribbean's most anticipated carnival is over for this year.
Over the past two days, thousands of revellers descended on the streets of Port of Spain for the colourful parade of masquerade bands to climax the 2017 Trinidad and Tobago carnival ahead of the Ash Wednesday observance.
No amount of rain could have stopped the fun.
Some Barbadians who could not be there in person, watched the revelry on computer screens. Many Barbadians, though, reportedly took the trip down to T&T.
The masqueraders in their beautiful costumes paraded across the stage and then on to the streets to many of the season's biggest soca hits, but the song of choice seemed to be Full Extreme.
Up to the time of writing, the Road March winner had not yet been announced but Full Extreme seemed to be a strong contender for the title.
Here are some scenes from the Carnival Monday and Tuesday jamming in T&T.
As you take them in, you can take comfort in the fact that our very own Crop Over is just a few months away.


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the answer, secret and truth of the great gas conspiracy theory is the miracle carburetor that supposed to get 300 miles per gallon but actually that's thing has just make your car fuel-inefficient so the oil supply is deplete faster than usual and big oil company(particularly private ones!) get vast amount of net worth and the conclusion is the oil company secretly league with car manufacturers to produce fuel-inefficient vehicle by equip these cars with miracle carburetor in the hope car engine produce more energy however it just waste the fuel.
and that conclude this conspiracy theory was solved (thanks to mythbusters for answers).
however vast majority of other conspiracy theories are unsolved problem due to mass media cover-ups since almost all of mass media outlets are largely owned by racist, brutal, and greedy zionists that seeks one world totalitarian goverment and reduce life on earth to extinction.
they also keep everyone from find the truth and answers of the conspiracy theories and they also declare and treat almost all of the conspiracy theories as silly hoax, fantasy and science fiction.
everytime we talks about conspiracy theories, secret societies, and UFOs we must forgot about fantasy and science fiction for find their truth and answers.
Wednesday, May 21, 2008
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The last five years of my National Guard career were spent at a guard unit in Salina. There I had a friend who was from England and lived on the outskirts of Manhattan, KS. The land across from his street was farm land, and he came home one day to find the wheat stubble field there engulfed in flames. The farmer was merely burning the wheat stubble, but this was a foreign concept to my friend who thought it was a wildfire and called 911. He watched from his house as the fire truck roared past, turned around at the end of the street and headed back, having seen that the fire was indeed a controlled burn of the wheat stubble. My friend walked out to the end of his driveway to meet the truck and see what was going on. He said the fire truck rolled to a stop in front of him and the fireman leaned out the window and said "You're not from around here are you."
I really couldn't laugh too hard at my friend because not having grown up around here, the mid-summer Kansas sport of burning wheat stubble was new to me too. There is another form of burning fields known as "prescribed burning" that often happens in spring and we are smack dab in the middle of that season now. Prescribed burning of prairie grasses, pastures and road ditches is done now in early spring to catch woody invasive plants and brush while still dormant, making them easy to burn, and to precipitate nesting season for most ground nesting birds like pheasants and quail so as not to destroy their nests and eggs.
As always, there are two sides to the science of prescribed burns, but it seems most public land managers, ranchers and farmers believe prescribed burning to be the best tool to control invasive plant growth on large tracts of prairie pastures. Unlike mowing, burning prairie pastures kills and destroys invasive grasses, brush and woody vegetation which all have shallow roots, and allows the native grasses which have very deep roots to thrive again. In mere days after a controlled burn these native grasses will already be green and lush, and this new green growth is much more nutritious than before. The ash left after the burn is rich in potassium and calcium and becomes rich fertilizer for the surviving grasses, plus the blackened soil absorbs sunlight quickly to warm the ground and encourage the new growth. The new succulent green growth also becomes much better cover for the aforementioned ground nesting birds.
Native Americans were used to prairie fires, usually started by lightning, and noticed that bison and deer flocked to graze on the new rich green patches that resulted. It is believed they learned to purposely set fire to portions of the prairie to help them stock up on meat and hides as the deer and bison became much easier to find and kill when they came to graze. Native Americans also learned to use these first recorded prescribed burns to clear tall grass and brush from around their villages for easier visibility and to keep wildfires from destroying the villages. They also noticed that burned areas produced more blackberries and blueberries once the tall grass and brush were gone.
In a couple weeks, all of will be burned. Usually a large portion of prairie that size will be burned in smaller sections over two or three years, but it's been long enough since its been burned that lots of woody brush and tall invasive weed species have gotten a foothold in many of the valleys and draws. The buffalo and Elk will be in no danger at all and will simply head for the trees until the burning is done. The young bison and elk born this year will greatly benefit from the lush new grass that results. …Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors.
Steve can be contacted by email at [email protected]