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Blood donations in Macedonia through times
In Republic of Macedonia, the roots of transfusion medicine date back to 1935 when the young doctor Pance Karagjozov, and later doctor Jovan Panovski introduced the so called direct transfusions. From a universal blood donor with Blood Type O ( in that time the Rh factor was not known), by means of Tsankov syringe, small portions of blood ( 20 ml) were directly transfused to the patient.
Formally, legal constitution of organized transfusion service was made on 1 July 1946 with the Act no. 1363 which stated: " In order to ensure blood for the necessities of patients, the Ministry of Public Health in National Republic of Macedonia passes the following resolution in the Public hospital in Skopje, to form blood donating services. I assign d-r Branimir Simonovikj as a manager to the blood service center. This resolution comes in force on the day it is acknowledged – signed D-r Vukasin Popadikj ( then a Minister of Public Health)". This set the foundations of transfusion services in the Republic of Macedonia.
After made preparations, on 13.07.1946, blood donating service started working. First employees together with d-r Branimir Simonovikj were nurses Branka, Magda, Penka and nurse Kosara. These five took the burden of the initial drawbacks in the work of the blood donating service. In this period first amounts of blood were collected and conserved.
This event was marked with а special featured article in the newspaper "Nova Makedonija" on 27 July 1946. In the period from 1946-1949, the scope of work of the unit was small and reached 206 liters of blood from 205 registered blood donors. These were mainly donors who received R1 cards for procurement of consumer goods. Taking and conserving of blood was in non-standard bottles, then the blood was filtrated through sterile gauze, and it was transfused to the patient through a unique rubber system sterilized before each use. In that period blood typing was made on a plate with 2 antiserums.
On 1 January 1949, after completion of the course for Managers at Transfusiology institutions in Belgrade, doctor Miko Karcovski was assigned a new manager and was preforming well in this role. 20 January, 1949 was the date when acting upon the suggestion of the new manager, the blood donating unit within the Public Hospital in Skopje, with the Resolution passed by the Ministry of Public Health on NRM was declared a STATE TRANSFUSION SERVICE working on newly given tasks- to provide blood, blood products and serums all health institutions in Macedonia, both civil and military.
In 1951 development of this service commenced throughout Macedonia, forming Transfusiology Cabinets in Bitola, Shtip and Prilep. The scope of work increased and in 1950 1.612 blood donations are registered, as in 1951 their number increased to 2.587.
In 1952 with the Resolution of NRM Government, The State Transfusion Service was declared to be a TRANSFUSION INSTITUTE OF NRM. Its first manager was doctor Miko Karcovski. This Institute contacted and later established a cooperation with National front, AFZH (Anti-Fascist Front of Women), Alliance of fighters, Youth Organization, Red Cross, Sanitary Service of YA, all with one cause; to conduct organizational and health education activities with the purpose to motivate the population to donate blood.
In 1953 the Red Cross of Yugoslavia was engaged in popularizing blood donation activities. In March 1953 first blood donating activities were organised following the newly established principles of VOLUNTARISM, ANONIMITY AND GRATUITOUSNESS. One of the organizers, apart from the Macedonian Red Cross and Macedonian Doctor Association was the Transfusion Institute. The same year, supported by the Belgrade Institute, first mobile teams started functioning and were directed to Titov Veles and Kumanovo. That year blood donations reached the number of 3.756.
In 1954 Transfusion Institute of NBRM formed its own mobile team that worked all over the country. Part of the collected blood was sent to Belgrade for the Yugoslav plasma program.
In 1955 the Institute was dislocated in the basement of today's Surgical clinics in newly adjusted premises at its current location. The expansion of laboratory activities took place in new conditions: determination of Rh type was introduced, personal anticoagulant production for conservation of donated blood started, as well as preparation of infusion solutions and transfusion equipment. The number of employed people counted 22, among whom doctor Berisav Vujasin and doctor Nadezda Stojcevska- both full time doctors working hard on advancing transfusion services and integrating Transfusion within Clinical Medicine. The number of blood donations increased and reached 5.100. In 1958 first personal test serums were being increasingly prepared, also reagents for determining blood groups. Pregnant women were systematically tested at the Institute and in cooperation with the Gynecological Clinics first exsanguino transfusions were planned. This greatly contributed in decreasing neonatal mortality. Direct influence on the progress of the expert work had the joining of the new doctors to the team of the Institute: doctor Ljubica Sotirovska, doctor Vasil Zahariev and doctor Ivan Dejanov. Their zealous participation showed great effect in the progress of blood donatiing activities, where in the year of 1960 blood units rose to 15.447.
Premises became small to house the expanded activities of the Institute ( compatibility tests and coagulation examinations) which led to an additional building where 40 employees were employed, 5 of them- doctors. The Institute organisation was put to test when in 1963 the tragedy caused by the catastrophic earthquake hit Skopje. These were the moments when each and every employee showed their dedication. For the extraordinarily successful work in the period after the earthquake, the Institute was awarded the Order for Merits with silver rays. However, this catastrophe was also an invaluable lesson for better organisation in times of mass catastrophes, and better approach when responding to such mass disasters.
The importance of the Transfusion Service was noted in the highest circles in the country, especially the State Transfusion Institute. Therefore, in 1964 the procurement of, at the time, modern equipment for lyophilization, was assisted, so in 1965 plasma was successfully lyophilized as well as other blood products, which enabled the creation of the first blood reserves for emergency and war situations. In the following period of 20 years 1966-1986, the Institute and the transfusion activities in our Republic developed in yet greater speed. The first bone bank was formed and the cooperation with the Orthopedic Clinic became more profound. Autologous serum was prepared routinely, aimed for adjustment of cadaver cornea, for patients listed for corneal transplantation at the Clinics for ocular disorders. In 1968, the leading role in the State Transfusiology Institute was given to professor doctor Jonce Nedelkovski. The Institute consolidated both in personnel and finances. This development was especially stressed in the eighties when the new part of the building was finalised in the location of, at that time, the buildings of Transfusiology and Hematology Institute. Laboratories gain much more modern look purchasing highly sophisticated equipment. The efforts invested in development of specialized staff brought remarkable results.
Modern technological methods were introduced for blood cells separation, plasma fractioning and obtaining albumin, cryoprecipitate, fibrinogen, immune antiserums, plastic utensils for blood processing and its transfusion. Along with the improvement of production technology, laboratory work was also upgraded for introduction of immunological, immunochemical and immunogenic analyses. The Institute was working as a team and had cooperation with the Clinics within the Medical Faculty, especially with the Hematology Clinic due to their mutual ten-year long development.
Not only the development of the Transfusiology Institute was taking place but also the entire transfusiology services throughout Macedonia. Personnel and finance management as well as spatial planning, made these centers modern units where basic doctrines and methods were taught to others; such conditions provided modern and equal treatment for the citizens in all parts of Macedonia. Thanks to the Institute development, transfusiology exceeds the dimensions of a service, and rises to a level of equal, scientific and medical discipline without which sophisticated health care is not possible.
In 1974 the Congress for Transfusiologists and Hematologists from Yugoslavia was organized and held in Ohrid. In the eighties the Director of the State Transfusion Service is Primarius doctor Dragan Ivanovski. In this period the number of blood donors increased dramatically. Development based on the extremely professional work was supported by the state, especially by the Ministry of Health and Science.
With the Ministry of Defense intensive cooperation was established in the domain of stabile product preparation, first in the form of dry plasma, then 5% albumin. At the Department of serum and pheresis, doctor Bozidar Trajkovski mastered the production of hyperimmune serums from human origin, as well as serums from animal production and vegetable origin.
Prim. doc. Vladimir Milenkov introduced cell separation, therapeutic plasma and cytopheresis as a routine work. Doctor Risto Dukovski founded the laboratory for hemodynamic examinations and also introduced plethysmography and Doppler examination of blood vessels.
Prim. doc. Dragan Ivanovski was in charge of the Blood Products Section for longer period of time; he was awarded with the Order of Labour with silver wreath in 1979. Together with the ass. doc. Olga Damevska he introduced ionexchanging chromatography in the production of highly purified albumin. The number of blood units sent to further processing reached 90%. New quality was the establishment of the laboratory and later, the Section for histocompatibility and cell immunology by professor doctor Perko Kolevski. He was awarded Order of Merit for people with a silver star, for his expertise and hard work, in 1987. Professor Kolevski is the first minister of Health in the independant Republic of Macedonia ( 1991-1992).
Prim. doc. Milos Grubovikj worked continually on increasing the number of blood donors even in areas that were unsuccessful in the blood donating activities; he managed to achieve remarkable results, which brought him the Order of Labour with silver wreath.
Department of thrombosis, hemostasis and immunochemistry led by Prim. doc. Ivan Dejanov- awarded the Order of Labour with golden wreath in 1982- became a modern complex of laboratories where production of appropriate diagnostic reagents and hemostatic disorders therapy took place.
Immunohematology has a continual growth. This is the laboratory that welcomed the first PhD Thesis " Alloimmunization to erythrocyte antigens", a doctoral dissertation defended by doc. d-r Voskresija Stefanovska. Based on this long term project work the first erythrocyte panels were prepared and the same later were incorporated as a routine practice. For the development of the Pharmaceutical Section undoubted merits are addressed to M-r Petar Zafirovski. Section for staff issues as well as economic and financial matters was under the managmenet of the graduated economist Slobotka Nedelkovska. She has efficiently been working since the Institute foundation.
In the early eighties, Transfusiology became a major subject at the Faculty of Medicine. Senior University lecturer doctor Ivan Dejanov received special merits for the very beginning of this important benefit for the State Transfusiology Institute, as the first professor of Transfusiology. In the period that followed, professor Perko Kolevski and docents Voskresija Stefanovska and Stojanka Kostovska were assigned professors at the Faculty of Medicine. The teachers and the ten assistants conducted regular classes at the Department of Transfusiology and immunology within the Faculty of Medicine.
Association of Hematology and Transfusiology incorporated within the Macedonian Medical Association also performed certain actions regarding scientific and educational activities. Here the latest information was presented and exchanged in the area of hematology and transfusion medicine. In 1984 Yugoslav Hematological-transfusion days were successfully organised in Skopje. Apart from several defended doctoral dissertations, the number of PhD thesis published by the transfusiologists in the country and abroad was enormous. It cannot be precisely stated though, the same as the level of quality which was undoubtedly high. However, the fact is that Macedonian transfusiologists showed outstanding results, equal to those from other centers of former Yugoslavia, even broader.
For such progress and work, the State Transfusiology Institute was repeatedly honored as a collective. We mentioned the Order of Merit awarded after the earthquake in 1964. In 1986 due to 40 years of successful work after its foundation, the State Transfusiology Institute received an Order of Merit for the People with silver rays. One year later, as the best organization on the teritory of Republic of Macedonia, the Institute was awarded a plaque " D-r Trifun Panovski". Besides professional and educational thought, most heartening were the results in the field of blood donations.
After a long and gradual development followed with occasional stagnations, 50 year long efforts brought about great harvest. So, in 1989 the number of blood donations reached its record- 61.000, or 3,1% from the total population donated blood. Today, blood donating activities are based on a great cooperation among the Institute of Transfusion and Macedonian Red Cross as well as the Ministry of Health of RM. Their work proved especially valuable in 1994 where from 45.889, blood units in 1995 rose to 49.152. Primarily, the increase was due to the coordinated work of all the three parties stated above, as well as the formation of the Council of Transfusion within the Ministry of Health.
Major activities of the Council apart from satisfying the needs for blood and blood products, and efficient work of the Transfusiology service is also inroducing new ways for attracting mass population to donate blood and a new Law on Transfusion, as well as some supporting Acts which will regulate all activities related to transfusion medicine.
Today in Republic of Mаcedonia 320 employees are involved in transfusion activities, 147 employed in the Institute for Transfusion Medicine in Skopje. From 60 doctors all over the Republic, 54 are specialists tranfusiologists, 4 biologists, 2 specialists pharmacologists, one economist and one literature professor, more than 170 lab technicians…all these contribute to professional collection, control, processing, storing and distribution of blood and blood products.
Cooperation with transfusion centres from former Yugoslavia has been on a high level and still without interruptions till the present day. Great number of experts/professionals completed their trainings in Belgrade, Zagreb, Ljubljana, Athens, Sophia, as well as Budapest, Paris, Koln, Hamburg, Odessa, Copenhagn, Amsterdam, Moskow, Leningrad, Obninsk, Upsala, Oslow, Linkeping, Helsinki, Pitsburg, Chapelhill, Sydney, Melburn etc. However, the Council was also a place where many doctors and technicians from the country and abroad were educated. For example, after the formation of the Section for albumin preparation, experts from Brasilia and China were trained/educated to work on the problem of plasma fractionation with ionexchanging chromatography.
Within the gained international scientific-technical assistance 4 doctors and 9 lab technicians were residing and working in Dern, Musurata and Benghazi-Lybia, in the period from 1979 to 1987.
Looking retrospectively, the results of the Transfusiology Service are indisputable and represent a great support for further work: 1.228.760 blood units have been preserved, more than 1.100.000 plasma units have been prepared as well as 8.580 litres of serum and reagents for work in the Institute, more than 7.600.000 units of solution have been made and applied, more than 35.000.000 different laboratory procedures have been created.
These are only general numbers that speak about the work scope of State Institute and Transfusiology Service as a whole. This is the effort of more than 400 hardworking and humble employees that in the time span of 50 years have faced great number of problems from different nature, yet they have found a solution always in favor of the patient. We would like to list the name of those who are not among us any more: Branimir Simonovikj, Dragica Jovanovska, Ivan Kirovski, Trajko Anchevski, Pance Vucidolov, Jordan Atanasovski, Vebi Lija, Aleksandar Beldzigeroski. Transfusion service of RM, keeps pace with contemporary achievements and medical principals in general, using the standards and the recommendations of World Health Organization (WHO) and the Council of Europe for safe blood and blood product, as well as principles of transfusion medicine for rational usage of the same.
From January, 2011 pursuant to Law on Security in blood supply (September 2009), the Institute for Transfusiology and the remaining transfusiology services within the hospitals thoughout RM became an integrated service. The Statute of the Institute was changed; from a state institution it became the Institute for Transfusion medicine, where regional centres exist in Stip, Tetovo,and Bitola, also 18 services for transfusion medicine out of which 2 in Skopje and 16 in the other towns in the Republic.
Transfusion medicine in the following 100 years is seen as a major part in the chain that links laboratory and clinical medicine, the healthy and the sick. In the achievement of this aim, we had, we have and still expect further support from the Parliament of Republic of Macedonia, Ministry of Health, from the employees and activists from Macedonian Red Cross, from all health care workers, from the media, from the educational and scientific institutions and from all the citizens-blood donators in the Republic of Macedonia.
We warmly thank all.


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HA NOI (VNS) — More than 15,000 of 20 million children were reported to have suffered minor side effects after being injected with the measles – rubella vaccine from late 2014 to May 2015.
The children, ages 1 to 14, reported side effects, including fever and headaches, said officials.
Information about side effects was released by the General Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, on Sunday.
Tran Dac Phu, Director of General Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, said the vaccination process correctly followed normal standards for vaccinating children.
Additionally, eight children suffered serious reactions, including convulsions and anaphylaxis shock. However, this was a small number, compared to 20 million children being injected with measles vaccine, Phu said.
The cases of children suffering serious side effects were treated and the patients fully recovered, said officials. — VNS.
High-quality education ecosystem contributes to improving the quality of human resources for Viet Nam

subset: commoncrawl


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Dextromethorphan or DXM is the posh name for cough syrup. But increasingly people are glugging it down, even if they don't have a tickly throat. Why? And what are the dangers?
What is dextromethorphan (DXM)?
It's common in cough syrups, but dextromethorphan is also taken recreationally to induce a variety of highs. DXM creates several 'plateaus' of effects, meaning different doses produce different experiences. Users usually ingest it by drinking over the recommended dosage of over-the-counter syrup, swallowing gel caps, or snorting pure DXM powder. The drug is a semi-synthetic derivative of morphine, a chemical found in opium.
What are the effects of DXM?
- When you take DXM recreationally, you are effectively overdosing on medicine and it is impossible to predict exactly what will happen to you. Regular DXM users report that different doses create different effects. Typically, a low dosage is supposed to create a mild stimulant effect or an intoxicated effect similar to alcohol or cannabis.
- In higher doses it can cause a dreamlike feeling of separation from your body with visual hallucinations and can be similar to taking ketamine.
- It can cause a euphoric good mood with uncontrollable giggling and laughing.
- DXM can cause bad coordination, zombie-like walking, reduced agility and involuntary muscle spasms.
- It's an appetite suppressant, and gives you a racing, pounding heart.
- Effects usually last for about four to six hours.
What are the risks of taking DXM?
- If you take too much it can suppress your central nervous system. This can result in your brain forgetting to tell your lungs to breathe, and yes, you could die.
- The high can make users feel disorientated, confused, and isolated from others. This unpleasant feeling can last for days after taking the drug.
- It is common to experience nausea, diarrhoea and projectile vomiting. Lovely.
- Chronic use may cause depression, psychological dependency, and in extreme cases, even brain damage.
- There is a concern it can cause small holes in the brain – called Olney's Lesions.
DXM and the law:
Cough syrups containing DXM are available in almost every chemist or high street pharmacy, so it is perfectly legal to buy. However, some stores put controls on how much of it you can buy at one time.
DXM is also known as:
Robo, skittles, triple C, tussin, dex.
If you are planning on taking DXM:
- Read the ingredients label carefully and don't take any product containing any active ingredient other than dextromethorphan as it can be very dangerous. Added ingredients to avoid entirely include acetaminophen, which can cause fatal liver damage when taken in high doses; guaifenesin, which can cause severe nausea and vomiting; and chlorpheniramine maleate, which in high does can cause life-threatening seizures, bleeding and loss of consciousness.
- Do not drive or operate heavy machinery. It even warns you on the label, and that's for people who are only taking a spoonful rather than chugging the entire bottle.
- Don't mix it with alcohol or antidepressants.
- Don't take DXM if you are pregnant, unless you want to sabotage the brain development of your foetus.
Next Steps
- Addaction helps people recover from drug and alcohol addictions.
- Chat about this subject on our Discussion Boards.
- Need help but confused where to go locally? Download our StepFinder iPhone app to find local support services quickly.
Updated on 29-Sep-2015
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S: Putting the Pieces Back Together
BC: Political Cartoon | This cartoon shows a rather large President Andrew Johnson kicking a bureau down a flight of stairs. The Bureau also has the word "freedmen" inscribed on the front of it with tiny black men falling out of the bureau. Above the President there is a sign on the building which reads "The Veto". This political cartoon is describing Andrew Johnson's decision to veto a bill that would have increased the power that the Freedmen's Bureau had. The picture also shows that Johnson was a more powerful or bigger than the tiny black people that are falling out of the tumbling bureau. the cartoon is portraying Johnson's unfair and unwise use of power.
FC: Putting the Pieces Back Together: A Plan for Reconstructing Gampistan By: Alixe Wiley & Danielle Brown
1: Proposal For Mr. President | Proposal For Mr. President | Dear Mr. President, It is evident that you have been elected amidst a situation of turmoil in the nation of Gampistan and have been left both aimless and burdened with the responsibility of piecing this nation back together. Therefore, we of Gampistan's Congressional branch have decided to assist you by compiling an analysis of the American Reconstruction Era as a way to guide you towards success. We believe that by studying American history, you will be able to learn from the past mistakes of men before you and build upon your own ideas for the rebuilding of this nation. It is vital that you select influential people to help lead this country towards a bright and progressive future, as well as establish basic civil rights for every and all peoples existing in Gampistan. Furthermore, you must create laws that will remain forever true and just. We of Congress trust your judgement and wish you the best of luck in your creation of a reconstruction proposal. | Pg. 2-7, 10, 15-16 -- Danielle Brown Pg. 8-14, 17 -- Alixe Wiley
2: The Proposals | Created during the Civil War, by Abraham Lincoln, it decreed that a state could be reinstated into the Union when 10 percent of the 1860 vote count from that state took an oath of allegiance to the U.S. and pledged to abide by emancipation. The next step in the process would be for the states to formally create a new state constitution. It also had to abolish slavery forever. This plan, if put into effect, would offer a moderate period of peace by compromising between both the North and the South. This policy would also further plans for the emancipation of oppressed peoples in Gampistan by insisting that the new governments abolished slavery in ever state that desired to rejoin the Union. | 10% Plan | 10% Plan | The Proposals
3: 1866-1873 Republicans in Congress took control of Reconstruction policies after the election of 1866. Johnson ignored the policy mandate, and he openly encouraged southern states to deny to ratify the 14th Amendment. Radical Republicans in Congress believed blacks were entitled to the same political rights and opportunities as whites. They also believed that the Confederate leaders should be punished for their roles in the Civil War. Led by Pennsylvania representative Thaddeus Stevens and Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner, they opened the way to suffrage for male freedmen. They were generally in control and vigorously opposed Andrew Johnson's lenient policies, although they had to compromise with the moderate Republicans (the Democrats in Congress had almost no power). If Gampistan were to put Radical Reconstruction into effect, black codes and other actions that intervened with black people's rights would be ignored. The Reconstruction Act of March 1867 would disregard the independent state governments that existed in the West of Gampistan, divided the West into five districts, and place them under military rule. Escape from permanent military government would be open to those states that established civil governments, took an oath of allegiance, ratified the 14th Amendment and adopted black suffrage. | Radical Reconstruction | Radical Reconstrustion
4: Presidential Reconstruction, 1863-1866, was controlled by Presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson, with the goal of quickly reuniting the country. It's aid begun with the Emancipation Proclamation. President Lincoln chose Andrew Johnson, a Democratic senator from Tennessee, to be his Vice President, hoping that by selecting Johnson he would appeal to Southerners. He railed against "slaveocracy" and a bloated "southern aristocracy". Following Lincoln's assassination, Johnson believed the Southern states should decide the course that was best for them. He also felt that African-Americans were unable to manage their own lives and did not deserve to vote. This form of Reconstrution would not be beneficial towards Gampistan because it would return all property to Western members of Gampistan who pledged loyalty to the Union and agreed to support the 13th Amendment. This would be too lenient and too easy of a plan that would allow ex-Union members to rejoin Gampistan without punishment for their acts in the Civil War. | Presidential Reconstruction | Presidential Reconstruction
5: Many former Western Gampistan leaders would regain their Congressional seniority, meaning very few Western leaders would be persecuted. White Gampistan members would attempt to subjugate enslaved Gampistanians through the use of harsh, oppressive laws (similar to black codes. Radical Eastern Gampistanians would probably want the rights promised in the Declaration of Independence extended to include all free men, including those who were formerly slaves.
6: Carpetbaggers was a derogatory term Southerners gave to Northerners (also referred to as Yankees) who moved to the South during the Reconstruction era. The term referred to the observation that these Northerners tended to carry carpet bags, which were a common type of luggage at the time. It suggested opportunism and exploitation by the outsiders. The relocated northerners (or carpet baggers) often formed alliances with freed slaves and southern white Republicans. Together they are said to have politically manipulated and controlled former Confederate states for varying periods for their own financial and power gains. In sum, carpetbaggers were seen as sinister outsiders with questionable objectives meddling in local politics, buying up plantations at fire-sale prices and taking advantage of Southerners. The usage of derogatory terms should be avoided if at all possible in Gampistan. It would only encourage separatism within the nation and fuel the distrust between Western and Eastern Gampistanians. | Carpetbaggers | Carpetbaggers
7: The 13th amendment officially abolished slavery and involuntary servitude (except as a crime punishment). Ratification was complete on December 6, 1865. The 14th amendment was ratified on July 9, 1868. It is composed of 3 main clauses. The Due Process Clause prohibits state and local governments from depriving people of life, liberty, and/or property which certain steps being taken to ensure fairness. The Equal Protection Clause requires each state to provide equal protection under the law to all people within its jurisdiction. The Citizenship clause reversed the Dred Scott v. Sanford decision make all people born or naturalized in the US, citizens of the US (not property). The 15th amendment was ratified on February 3, 1870 and prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen suffrage based on a person's race, color, or previous condition of servitude". Amendments such as these should definitely be enacted and enforced by Gampistan's government in order to protect the rights of all members of the nation (mostly, the oppressed members). Without these laws, white Gampistanians would continue to oppress black Gampistanians. | 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments | 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments
8: Following the incompetent Andrew Johnson, former Civil War general Ulysses S. Grant was elected into office as a Republican President. He remained in command of the armed forces and often sent in troops to protect African Americans from the violent acts of the Ku Klux Klan, as well as white mob attacks. Grant supported the ratification of the 15th amendment, which would give black citizens the right to vote. Furthermore, he planned to hold government elections featuring black voters and candidates in 1867. A man like Ulysses S. Grant would be a great aid to Gampistan's Reconstruction by controlling military operations in resisting areas and supporting laws that would give black Americans their rights. | Two Presidents | When Grant was President during the Panic of 1873, a time of economic depression, he became known for dismissing the corrupt behavior of his cabinet members, who were chosen on the basis of trust and familiarity as opposed to experience and skill level. This political corruption should be avoided in the nation of Gampistan order to keep the vote from the public and maintain a good reputation.
9: One Problem | Andrew Johnson took office as a Democratic president in 1864 after the unexpected assassination of Lincoln. He was then left with the responsibility of creating a policy that would decide how the Union would be reconstructed after the Civil War. Johnson supported the idea of creating a plan that would allow the Southern states to rejoin the Union easily, an idea that would neglect the rights of former slaves. Republicans (at the time, they were considered radical) attempted to pass reconstruction bills, which were often vetoed by Johnson. They then began to take initiative without the approval of the President, which resulted in Johnson firing the Secretary of State in an attempt to stop the Republican's plans. This action violated the Tenure of Office Act, which prevented the President from removing cabinet members. | The lenient plans of President Johnson should be avoided and would only serve to easily admit Western states that were not entirely loyal to Gampistan. Also, a man like Andrew Johnson would never approve of the civil rights given to oppressed Gampistanians and would not work well with Gampistan's Congressional body.
10: Black Codes were unofficial laws that limited the basic human rights and civil liberties of newly freed African Americans during the Reconstruction period. They were used to labor migration and other activities on newly freed slaves. Codes such as these would only reflect the unwillingness of many white Gampistanians to accept black Gampistanians as equals. These codes would bring about unfair oppression. | Things To Avoid | Things To Avoid | The Panic of 1873 was an event of economic depression in both Europe and the United States. When the demand in silver decreased in Germany, the economies of several nations were severally damaged. The silver industry was one of the largest employers besides agriculture and many miners relied on profits made from mining silver. The Coinage Act of 1873 was put into effect as a way to de facto gold standards. This crisis prevented the boom in railroad construction from progressing, as well as hurt the economy. Gampistan should not rely on a risk business like mining and instead focus on industrial pursuits and exports.
11: The KKK was an organization was established in Tennessee by a group of Confederate veterans in 1865. They became a vast terrorist organization that opposed many of the social and political changes that occurred during Reconstruction. Although they originally were not a hate group, they acted violently towards anyone who was not a white, Protestant American, blacks in particular. This group would be negative to Gampistan's Reconstruction because it would create local, independent groups of white Gampistanians who woulc commit acts of violence and terror. Even the Democrats in America did not want to be associated with their criminal acts (which would tarnish their reputation). If this group were to come about in Gampistan, an act similar to The Klan Act of 1871 would have to be put into effect as a way to dissolve the group or a Habeas Corpus would have to be issued. That would call for military interference to arrest the members accused of violence. This group should be avoided most of all because they would oppose any plans initiating radical changes. Also, they would not support the rights of blacks and would be the cause of terrorist attacks.
12: Influencial Republicans | In 1870 and 1871, Hiram Revels served as the first African American Senate member and U.S. Congress member. He represented the state of Mississippi as a Republican during the period of Reconstruction. Although he had little experience, Revels was intelligent and an eloquent speaker. Many Southern Democrats opposed to his election and argued that before the 14th amendment was ratified, Revels was not a free citizen of the United States (because of the Dred Scott Decision). In other words, he had not be a citizen long enough to serve. Republicans retorted back that Revels was not of full African blood and therefore was exempt from the law. During his time in office, Revels wanted to restore Southern loyalty to the Union. Electing black officials to the Gampistan government could prove to be benificial and would give African Americans their rightful participation in a democratic government. | Influencial Republican
13: A politician statesman and politician from Massachusetts, Charles Sumner was considered to be a radical Republican because of his ideas about Reconstruction. he believed that former Confederacy should be treated as conquered territories controlled by Congress and not as a part of the Union. Sumner advocated the rights of African Americans, which is evident in his proposal of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 (an act that suggested that blacks were entitled to the same treatment in public places). Also, Sumner rigorously prevented the ex-Confederates from gaining political offices. A man like Charles Sumner would be a positive aspect of Gampistan's Reconstruction because he would hold many modern beliefs and concepts involving the given rights of African Americans. He would be a strong ally to the Eastern Gampistanians and would make it difficult for Western Gampistanians to gain office and influence.
14: Civil Rights For African Americans | The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was the foundation for the 14th amendment that would be drafted two years later. It stated that all people born in the United States are granted citizenship regardless of race of previous conditions. Besides protecting the rights of black Gampistanians, all white Gampistanians could be able to sue or be sued, represent a case in court, inherit, purchase, lease, or sell property, and enforce labor contracts if this act was implemented. This law would also positively contribute to the Reconstruction of Gampistan because it would give black Americans many societal rights gained through citizenship. | As previously mentioned, the Civil Rights Act of 1875 was proposed by Charles Sumner and Benjamin Butler (a fellow Republican politician) and passed in 1875. It was intended to provide equal treatment and accommodations to African Americans in public places. This law would, if enforced regularly, would be successful in Gampistan. What made it unsuccessful during American Reconstruction was that it was rarely enforced in Southern society and was later declared unconstitutional because it was regulating the conduct of citizens.
15: Sherman's General Field Order 15 Special Field Order No. 15 was a military order issued following Sherman's March to the Sea on January 16, 1865, by General William Tecumseh Sherman. It provided for the confiscation of 400,000 acres of land along the Atlantic coast of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida and dividing the land into 40-acre parcels, on which were to be settled by approximately 18,000 freed slave families and other blacks then living in the area. They were intended to address the immediate problem of dealing with the tens of thousands of black refugees who had joined Sherman's march in search of protection and sustenance. If this order were implemented in Gampistan, it would provide much land for black Gampistanians to settle, work, and flourish independently. It would have to be enforced heavily and protected so that Western Gampistanians would not take this land away from them. | Sherman's General Field Order 15
16: Port Royal Experiment The Port Royal Experiment was a program during the American Civil War in which former slaves successfully worked on the land abandoned by plantation owners. In 1861 the Union liberated the Sea Islands off the coast of South Carolina and their main harbor, Port Royal. The white residents fled, leaving behind 10,000 black slaves. Several private Northern charity organizations stepped in to help the former slaves become self-sufficient. If this experiment were to take effect in Gampistan, the result would be positive. African Americans members of Gampistan would be able to demonstrate their ability to work the land efficiently and live independently of white control. They would assigned themselves daily tasks for cotton growing and spent their extra time cultivating their own crops, fishing and hunting. By selling their surplus crops, the locals acquired small amounts of property. If the experiment were not to be discontinued, then blacks could maintain control of the land and even found their own towns and settlements, preventing white Gampistanians from interfering with their lives.
17: The Amendments in Court | The U.S. v. Cruikshank case was very significant because it involved the newly established 14th amendment. After the Colfax Massacre, many black and white casualties were inflicted. The courts ruled that the indictment against white mob attacks under the Enforcement Act (an act which prevented white mobs from taking rights away from blacks) was faulty. Due process and equal protection under the 14th amendment was only applicable to states and not individuals. This would be a negative contribution to the Reconstruction of Gampistan because it would limit the rights of individuals under the 14th amendment and only apply to states as a whole. The Slaughterhouse Case was another Supreme Court case that dealt with protection under the 14th amendment. A group of butchers attempted to sue against a company that was leasing out property to safely butcher on without contaminating water supply. The butchers argued that they were being deprived of rights and due process because they couldn't get their own property. The courts ruled that the 14th amendment could not be broadly applied and only effected rights of citizenship. This would be a negative contribution to Reconstruction because it once again it would limit the rights of the individual under the amendments.


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Startseite » Output Management » Additional Services » Printer Management
Our expert Debra Garls is happy to answer your questions!
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Tag Archive for: Franklin County
Green Party candidate Bob Fitrakis is running for Franklin County Prosecutor in 2016.
He promises to prosecute polluters, rogue cops, and corporate criminals.
What I hope to accomplish as Franklin County Prosecutor?
* Prosecute any police using excessive force
* Prosecute polluters poisoning the people, soil, water, or air
* Prosecute individuals involved in scandals, such as Redflex and data-rigging within Columbus City Schools
* Set up a whistleblower's hotline
* Prosecute anyone involved in vote tampering or voter suppression, including elected officials
* Make Franklin County a Bill of Rights Enforcement Zone
* Arrest any individuals or government officials illegally spying on the people of Franklin County
* Guarantee due process and equal protection for all people, especially immigrants, minorities, and the poor who are targeted unfairly by the police
* Advocate for decriminalization and legalization of marijuana and hemp
* Provide treatment and diversion programs rather than jail sentences for drug addicts and abusers
* Go after the real drug dealers with ties to the CIA who bring drugs in by the planeload – wealthy, well-connected cartels
Bob Fitrakis Biography
Bob Fitrakis is currently the co-chair of the Ohio Green Party and the Franklin County Green Party. He ran as the Green Party Lt. Governor with Anita Rios in 2014 when the Green Party received over 100,000 votes in Ohio. He was also a candidate in the 3rd congressional district in 2012 and as the Green Party endorsed candidate for governor of Ohio in 2006. He has been a member of the Green Shadow Cabinet as the Federal Elections Commissioner since 2013 after he worked with Jill Stein, the 2012 presidential candidate.
Fitrakis is a Political Science Professor in the Social Sciences department at Columbus State Community College, where he won the Distinguished Professor Award in 2012. He has a Ph.D. in Political Science from Wayne State University and a J.D. from The Ohio State University Moritz College of Law. He was a Ford Foundation Fellow to the Michigan State legislature and currently serves as a Near East Area Commissioner. He co-authored "What Happened in Ohio: A documentary record of theft and fraud in the 2004 election" (New Press, 2006), and has authored or co-authored 12 other books including six on election integrity. Fitrakis is the editor of the Free Press, freepress.org and columbusfreepress.com.
Fitrakis was admitted to the Ohio Bar in 2003. In his first major case, he sued Ohio State University for violating students' civil rights who were organizing the annual Hemp Festival, and won. He represented anti-fracking activist madeline ffitch, arrested for civil disobedience at a fracking well in southeastern Ohio. He also had charges dismissed against Kevin Egler in Kent, Ohio for posting an "Impeach Bush" sign on public property. He was served as the attorney for the Columbus NAACP, Rev. Jesse Jackson, Congresswoman Cynthia McKinney, the Ohio Green Party, the Ohio Rights Group, Columbus Film Festival, The Neighborhood Network, Columbus Institute for Contemporary Journalism, among others.
Fitrakis has been an election protection activist since March 1994, when he served as an international observer for the national elections in El Salvador. He co-wrote and edited the El Salvador election report for the United Nations. Fitrakis was an election protection attorney on November 2, 2004 in Franklin County. After witnessing election suppression, he called the first public hearings on voter suppression and election irregularities and was one of four attorneys to file a challenge to Ohio's presidential elections results: Moss v. Bush and Moss v. Moyer. In 2006, Fitrakis was co-counsel in the King-Lincoln-Bronzeville lawsuit against the Ohio Secretary of State's office seeking to end racially discriminatory electoral practices in Ohio and to ensure free and fair elections. He authored a 50-point consent decree to ensure election integrity in Ohio submitted to the current Secretary of State. Many of these proposals have been adopted by the state of Ohio.
In December 2004, Fitrakis testified before the Judiciary Committee of Congress at the request of Rep. John Conyers in both Washington D.C. and Columbus. The information gathered from the Fitrakis' investigations and hearings resulted in the Conyers Report, "What Went Wrong in Ohio?" released January 5, 2005. Fitrakis spoke to the National Press Club in Washington D.C. on Ohio's election issues. Fitrakis briefed John Kerry, worked on election reform with Rep. Maxine Waters (D-LA), and briefed the Democratic Party Senate leadership. He later briefed the Congressional Progressive Caucus as well as the Congressional Black Caucus and the Senate Democratic leadership. Dr. Fitrakis testified at the Election Assessment hearings in Houston, Texas in 2005, which became part of the Carter-Baker Commission Report on federal election reform.
Candidate Forum – Franklin County Prosecutor September 14, 2016
Candidate Forum – Franklin County Prosecutor
September 14, 2016, 6 – 8pm
Mt. Olivet Baptist Church
428 E Main St
Columbus, OH 43215
Fight Back – Episode: 01/08/16 The Torture case of Robert Krutko, Franklin County, FBI
2009 Robert Krutko story states business in Key West was destroyed/stolen mob style was to be extradited then tortured in Franklin County Jail on a civil case.
Fight Back – Episode: 01/08/16 The case of Robert Krutko – See more at: http://www.talktainmentradio.com/shows/fightback.html#sthash.3vRBDnTF.dpuf
Free movie Thursday night – Mobilize to Save Civilization
Journey to Planet Earth Plan B: Mobilizing to Save Civilization
Thursday, August 15 – 7pm
Northwood-High building, 2231 N. High Street, Room 100, parking in rear.
This film provides audiences with hopeful solutions — a road map that will help eradicate poverty, stabilize population, stabilize climate, and protect and restore the earth's forests, soils and fisheries. It includes ways of protecting and restoring soils, forests, rangelands, and oceanic fisheries, plus conserving the earth's biological diversity. It also features case studies that clearly show signs of a new energy economy emerging.
Hosted by Matt Damon, which features Lester Brown, environmental visionary and author of "Plan B" this documentary delivers a clear and unflinching message – either confront the realities of climate change or suffer the consequences of lost civilizations and failed political states.
Brown, together with other notable scholars and scientists, including Nobel Laureate Paul Krugman, Pulitzer Prize winner and New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman, former Governor and Secretary of the Interior Bruce Babbitt, provides a glimpse into a new and emerging economy based upon renewable resources as well as strategies to avoid the growing threat of global warming.
This is the third in a 3-part movie series by the Franklin County Green Party and Environment Ohio. email@example.com


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WASHINGTON — The bad news for the Heat is that Justise Winslow and Wayne Ellington will not play against the Wizards on Saturday night. The good news for the Heat is that Winslow and Ellington are both making progress toward a return.
Winslow will miss his third consecutive game with a sprained left wrist, but said after Saturday's shootaround session held at Georgetown University that he's feeling "less pain for sure." Winslow still feels the effects of the injury when he eats and even drives, though.
"It's getting better. But I'm not doing anything. I'm not taking any chances with it," Winslow said. "I haven't done anything with my left hand for a couple days now."
The 20-year-old sprained the wrist early in the season and played through the pain. But the decision was made Tuesday for Winslow to shut it down and get it right after shooting 33.1 percent to start the season.
Meanwhile, Ellington participated in "parts of shootaround" on Saturday for the first time since suffering a right thigh contusion in Miami's final preseason game on Oct. 21.
"It felt great actually," Ellington said of taking part in portions of shootaround. "It got me excited just to get back out there running around with my teammates and go through some of shootaround and just kind of be back on the floor. I'm excited, man. I'm making some serious progress."
Ellington is hopeful he'll be able to make his regular-season debut on the Heat's current four-game trip, which spans seven days. But he's still waiting to start sprinting again.
"I haven't been on my leg and running like that for some time, so I'm still trying to gain the strength back," Ellington said. "It's still a little bit of a feeling in my leg there where it happened at. But it's something that you got to kind of play through and run through and get the blood flowing and hopefully it will get out of there."
[Miami Heat players appreciate second-degree black belt James Johnson having their backs]
[Miami Heat guard Dion Waiters says he's 'in a great situation']
[Want more Heat news sent directly to your Facebook feed? Make sure to like our Heat Facebook page]


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Timeline for business list by repairindia
http://www.davekovach.com/vitamix-5200/vitamix-5200-deluxe/ - Vitamix 5200 Deluxe is Vitamix's Premier 5200 Model with incredible bonus packages... #vitamix_5200_deluxeFriday, 01-Feb-13 22:52:17 PST from api at 28°27'36"N 77°1'34"E
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Fast, local, affordable - domestic appliance repair engineers from Repair India. Repairs or Installation for your television, lcd tv, refrigerator, washing machine or other home appliance in delhi, gurgaon or ncr areas. http://ttlink.com/url/278755Monday, 28-Jan-13 06:31:16 PST from web at 28°27'36"N 77°1'34"E
Repair India provide you a complete assistance for all your Home and Office appliances. The appliances repairing includes repairing of refrigerators, television, lcd tv, microwave oven, washing machine, geyser, dishwasher, air conditioner etc in all over Gurgaon, Noida Delhi-NCR. We are having a well trained team of electricians/ mechanics who will come at your door to provide you the required service. just call to Repair India and find Fast, local, affordable, domestic appliance repair services. Repair India - 9212 322 322 http://www.repairindia.inMonday, 28-Jan-13 06:27:18 PST from web at 28°27'36"N 77°1'34"E


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The leakage loss due to TM–TE mode coupling of TM-like whispering gallery mode in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) thin-ridge disk resonators is investigated for the first time to the best of our knowledge. We show that the propagation losses of TM-like mode in thin-ridge SOI disk resonators are significantly impacted by the radius of the disk. This behavior is predicted by a simple phenomenological model as well as a rigorous mode matching simulation.
© 2009 Optical Society of AmericaFull Article | PDF Article
OSA Recommended Articles
Thach G. Nguyen, Ravi S. Tummidi, Thomas L. Koch, and Arnan Mitchell
Opt. Express 18(7) 7243-7252 (2010)
Masanori Koshiba, Kuniaki Kakihara, and Kunimasa Saitoh
Opt. Lett. 33(17) 2008-2010 (2008)
Naser Dalvand, Thach G. Nguyen, Ravi S. Tummidi, Thomas L. Koch, and Arnan Mitchell
Opt. Express 19(6) 5635-5643 (2011)


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Marks & Spencer Leading Ladies of Britain
Marks & Spencer is launching "Leading Ladies of Britain", an advertising campaign featuring twelve British women from diverse backgrounds and professions, photographed by fashion photographer, Annie Leibovitz. Launching across the UK on 3rd September, the campaign is designed to connect the Autumn season with the brand's quality and style credentials. The women are shown in strong tableau style shots across four quintessentially British backdrops, showcasing different hero product categories from the Autumn collection. Despite being very different people, their strong sense of personal style and inspirational achievements which have propelled them to success, are the common threads which bind them together. Be it physical strength, dedication to helping others, overcoming adversity, or simply sheer determination to be the best they can, each woman is truly inspiring.
A boat on the River Thames, overlooking the beauty of iconic London landmark Tower Bridge, is the setting for the all important winter coat. The offering is diverse, with luxe fabrics in pretty blush pink shades, soft faux furs in animal prints and clean simple shapes in pale tones for a modern take on effortless dressing. Attention to quality and style is key, with noble yarns featuring across the range as well as several distinctive silhouettes adding variation.
The British countryside with its lush green rolling hills is the perfect backdrop for the ultra feminine per una range. From the chic cream statement coat and head turning bold print wrap dress to a timeless soft leather jacket, it's the considered detailing of the per una range that exudes a touch everyday glamour.
A London artist's studio sets the scene for the rebellious yet playful 'London Calling' trend, a combination of bold checks, relaxed textured wools and sleek leather trims captures the creative spirit of individuality in a palette of reds and blacks.
A traditional country house is the setting for the dresses scene, with quality fabrics and innovative design taking precedence. Feminine lace detail, assorted sleeve lengths, and structured panelling hero the collections.
The campaign will launch from 3rd September 2013 in print, online and on outdoor sites across the UK. Selected shots from the campaign will also feature in M&S' ten international flagship stores in Paris, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Gurgaon, Dubai, Istanbul, Moscow, Prague, Singapore and Amsterdam.
The Leading Ladies campaign was developed at RKCR/Y&R, London, with M&S Executive Director Marketing and Business Development Patrick Bousquet-Chavanne and creative director Steve Sharp. Photography by Annie Leibovitz was supported by stylist Hannah Teare, hair stylist Julien d'Ys and make up artist Val Garland.
The Leading Ladies of Britain are Olympic gold winning boxer Nicola Adams, award-winning author Monica Ali, 2011 nurse of the year Helen Allen, retired Royal Ballet ballerina Darcey Bussell, US Vogue creative director Grace Coddington, supermodel and singer Karen Elson, artist and Royal Academy Professor of Drawing Tracey Emin, singer/songwriter Ellie Goulding, actress Helen Mirren, singer/songwriter Laura Mvula, television presenter, burns survivor and charity campaigner Katie Piper, and Save The Children International CEO Jasmine Whitbread.
Filed under: Marks & Spencer, Print
Tagged: Annie Leibovitz, RKCR/Y&R, Tracey Emin, Y&R London
Location: UK


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Reporting Services tool set in Management Studio goes real-time
SQL Server 2005 integrates Management Studio with Reporting Services to offer real-time reporting never before available. Edgewood Solutions' Jeremy Kadlec offers a glimpse into this tool set.
In SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Manager, the Task Pad view was really the only native-reporting interface available and it was limited to database and object-related information. In SQL Server 2005, Microsoft integrates Management Studio and Reporting Services to provide snapshots of real-time performance and database metrics.
If you installed SQL Server 2005 Reporting Services sometime after the relational engine on the same server, you may have been surprised to see the Reports button transition from gray to color. When this button is enabled, you can select reports from the drop-down list and view native reports directly in Management Studio. These reports are context sensitive to the Management Studio interface selected, and they are generated in real time with snapshots of both real-time and historical data. Much of this data is generated from Dynamic Management Views, another new feature in SQL Server 2005 used to get a real-time view of the performance by querying the relational engine and SQL Server 2005 components (Notification Services, Service Broker, Common Language Runtime, etc.).
Database reports
The screen shot to the right outlines the reports available in context of a database environment, which include:
- Disk usage
- Backup and restore
- All transactions
- All blocking transactions
- Top transactions by age
- Top transactions by blocked transactions count
- Top transactions by locks count
- Resource locking statistics by objects
- Object execution statistics
- Database consistency history
- Index usage statistics
- Schema changes history
- User statistics
These lucky 13, commonly used reports, offer a detail and summary view of the data in both graphical and textual formats, and you can drill down from the summary information to the detailed data. These reports are a good first step when you troubleshoot items like blocking and locking in a real-time manner. They also provide a superb tool set for DBAs who want a snapshot of core operations, such as disk usage, backups and schema changes.
Keep in mind that these reports are only the tip of the iceberg; Management Studio has 45 reports that ship by default with the relational engine. At a high level, reports are based on one of the following seven categories accessible via Management Studio:
- Top-level node of the Management Studio interface
- Individual database
- Login
- Service Broker
- Management
- Notification Services
- SQL Server Agent
Examples of three key reports from SQL Server 2005 Management Studio, below, serve as a general baseline from a content and formatting perspective for all 45 reports.
|SQL Server 2005 Management Studio – Sample Reports
|Screen Shot
|Server Dashboard report from the top-level node of the Management Studio interface outlining SQL Server configuration details (Edition, Server Name, etc.) and Activity Details (CPU, IO, etc.)
|One of many top queries (CPU, IO, Memory, Queries, etc.) with the average and total figures in addition to the T-SQL syntax.
|Report across all databases outlining the DDL (Data Definition Language) and DML (Data Manipulation Language) changes in the SQL Server instance.
The native reports in Reporting Services for Management Studio are valuable and offer access to data that's not available via the native tool set. I encourage you to explore Management Studio and these reports to see how they can help answer your questions about everything from locking and blocking to schema changes and backup events. Good luck!
About the author: Jeremy Kadlec is the principal database engineer at Edgewood Solutions, a technology services company delivering professional services and products for Microsoft SQL Server. He has authored numerous articles and delivers frequent presentations at regional SQL Server users groups and nationally at SQL PASS. Kadlec is the SearchSQLServer.com Performance Tuning expert. Ask your performance tuning questions here.
More Information from SearchSQLServer.com


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Decorate your wall with this fantastic pair vintage Match Point wood tennis racquets. They would make a great wall display in a rustic sports themed room.
Great vintage condition. See photos.
Price includes tracking. Browse our other items to combine your order for multiple-item shipping rates. Items are shipped from downtown Toronto. If you are in Toronto, a pick up can be arranged. Our new storefront Second Voyage is located at 246 Queen Street East. www.secondvoyage.ca
Follow us on Facebook for more great updates and photos: https://www.facebook.com/secondvoyagevintage/?fref=ts
Find us on Instagram as @SecondVoyageVintage
And if you have any questions, please feel free to ask!
You can check out all of our Etsy listings here: https://www.etsy.com/ca/shop/riceandpotato?ref=listing-shop-header-item-count
1-2 business days
I'll do my best to meet these shipping estimates, but can't guarantee them. Actual delivery time will depend on the shipping method you choose.
Buyers are responsible for any customs and import taxes that may apply. I'm not responsible for delays due to customs.
Just contact me within: 7 days of delivery
Ship items back to me within: 14 days of delivery
But please contact me if you have any problems with your order.
Because of the nature of these items, unless they arrive damaged or defective, I can't accept returns for:
Buyers are responsible for return shipping costs. If the item is not returned in its original condition, the buyer is responsible for any loss in value.


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TV Land's first big success in original sitcoms is aiming to stay hot by starting a season live.
"Hot in Cleveland" begins its fifth round the same way it came back in the middle of its fourth, with stars Valerie Bertinelli, Wendie Malick, Jane Leeves and Betty White performing the episode as viewers see it (in the Eastern half of the country) tonight. Immediately after, Season 3 of the "Cleveland" spinoff "The Soul Man" will debut the same way, with Cedric the Entertainer and his cast also going live.
Linking the halves of the event, White and Cedric will appear in both series, to be shown on tape on the West Coast but with no modifications.
"Hot in Cleveland" normally is done in front of a studio audience, as was the comedy that made Bertinelli famous, "One Day at a Time," but she confirms that the live-telecast aspect doesn't mean less nerves.
"Oh, heck, no," she says with a knowing laugh. "The jitters already started a month ahead. I love it because the energy is amazing, and then the show is done, then there's just fun afterward, but it's a little heart-pounding while you're doing it."
Bertinelli recalls that the first "Hot in Cleveland" live shot "went extremely well."
"There was one moment where Wendie had to get from one set to the next within 5 seconds, literally, and you could hear her running in the background to try to get to her entrance in time," she says. "It was actually quite funny, and it was hard for Jane and me not to giggle. Then at the end, we all just let go and had a big smile on our faces."
Moreover, "the script was written as a farce," Bertinelli reports, "so timing was everything. We didn't have the luxury of really messing up, because it would break all the timing of each joke. I have a feeling that this time, if there are moments that give us the giggles, they'll let that go to see what happens. I think most people were disappointed that we didn't mess up."
According to Bertinelli, White remains the engine that powers the train on live-show nights.
"She's her own animal, just a freak of nature, bless her," Bertinelli muses. "There is no way we can ever complain about anything – then again, why would we? – because that woman works her butt off.
"She's always going over her lines, being the ultimate pro. I've said this a million times and I'll say it a million more, but it's like being in a master class with the best comedian ever. The woman knows what she's doing, and I'm just really holding onto her wings and trying not to let go."
Continuity is an extra challenge for the live "Hot in Cleveland" episode, since the cast already has filmed several new-season stories that take place later. Moreover, those involve developing plots, such as Melanie's pregnancy that was revealed in the Season 4 finale.
"It's interesting to have this as a stand-alone show," Bertinelli confirms of the live episode, "because we can't really talk about anything else. It was confusing for us last year, too, because we had finished shooting the season in April, and we came back in June to do the live episode, which was the first episode of the last half of the season, so we were all discombobulated. Maybe that's a good thing."
The live show isn't the only special occasion slated for Season 5, since another episode will be largely animated, taking the ladies on a global journey and sending up such entertainment ventures as "The Walking Dead" and "Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory" in the process.
"I was so excited," Bertinelli says of getting the news that episode would be done. "Animation is so much fun, with all the talent that goes into it.
"The ('Cleveland') story is live action that goes into animation, and working on that has been kind of good, because it's made me not think so much about the live episode," she said.
It's not the first time Bertinelli has done a cartoon voice: She spoke the words for a version of herself named "Valerie Bertandernie" on Fox's "Family Guy," but she laments never being asked back by creator-producer Seth MacFarlane, though the character continued, voiced by others.
"I think I was going through my divorce" from Eddie Van Halen, Bertinelli reflects, "and I was just not happy about anything. I probably didn't make the best impression on Seth, so I probably ruined my relationship with him, and I'm a little disappointed – actually, a lot disappointed – about that. He didn't really get to know the 'me' me, just the miserable me at that time. I really wanted to go back and do more 'Family Guy.' "
Being such a haven for familiar faces, TV Land has sent a parade of famous guest stars through "Hot in Cleveland." Carol Burnett, Mary Tyler Moore, Shirley Jones, William Shatner and Regis Philbin are just a few who passed through the show last season.
Bertinelli is pleased to work with so many home-screen veterans, including her regular "Cleveland" co-stars.
"I'm the lucky one who keeps trying to dog-paddle behind them and learn from them," she says. "I'm just trying to stay afloat."
Another measure of the series' success is its launch in syndication this fall, giving it the potential to be seen beyond the home it's always had at TV Land.
"I'm in my 50s," Bertinelli says, "and I never thought I would get a show this good this late in my career. Women my age don't get this kind of opportunity a lot, so all of us feel so blessed and so happy to be working on this."


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MADISON, Ala. – The Alabama Law Enforcement Agency has revealed the identity of a woman who died in a vehicle wreck on Cecil Ashburn Drive on Friday.
ALEA says that Etta Fine Dean, 80, died after the 2017 Jaguar she was driving left the roadway and struck a concrete wall. Dean was pronounced dead at the scene.
The crash occurred around 4:43 PM on Cecil Ashburn Drive. Alabama State Troopers are still investigating.


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Save the Date: October 13
The 13th Annual Diocesan Assembly will be held Saturday, October 13th at Marshall School in Duluth. Colin MacIver, international speaker from Ascension Press, will present "Made in His Image…Made for Love." 50 Years after Humanae Vitae, rediscover God's plan for love. Registration will open soon at www.dioceseduluth.org.


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Unless you're a developer, this post will make very little sense to you. But if you're interested in Toggl mobile apps' inner workings, then we're happy to share what we've learned working on them.
This is my first post for the Toggl Blog since joining the mighty Toggl Mobile team and I'm really excited about the opportunity to tell you about our work to improve the mobile apps and help you be more productive. That said, keep in mind I won't be introducing any fancy new features in this post – instead I'll be talking about the inner workings of the app.
So be warned, this post may get a bit technical. But I hope it can help out some of you fellow developers.
As any development team, at one point we had to face a group of classes growing unwieldy but with purpose rather simple – insert or remove elements from the time entries' list. I know, any programming language has multiple methods to manipulate lists, but we couldn't use just any method as there's something that has become a requirement for any mobile app aiming to stand out: animations. To have them, we need to tell the view exactly what elements have been added or removed (or moved) and from which positions.
This is not as easy as you may think, especially because even if the update requests are always the same we already have two ways to show the time entries (single or grouped) and more may come in the future. Add to equation that lists must also include items other than time entries, like date headers. At the end, we had to write a lot of code to deal with many particular cases. And the more code you write, the more the chances to introduce bugs.
We decided to solve the problem by replacing the classes with a Diff Algorithm – in our case, building a new list of elements from scratch is much simpler (LINQ helps us a lot here, see here a great introduction by one of our colleagues) than applying the update operations one by one. However, we still need to know exactly what has happened in order to notify the UI (add, remove, replace and move events) and trigger the animations. And for this, we delegate the responsibility of calculating a posteriori the diffs between the old and new lists to a generic algorithm which can be reused with different kind of elements sharing an interface.
There are many great Diff Algorithms out there but none could serve all of our needs – particularly detecting moves. Adding this feature wasn't difficult (essentially, a move is just an insert and a delete), but when you need to apply the diffs to update the list this becomes a bit tricky, as you need to apply some offset to the diffs' indices to make sure you're updating the elements in the right places. We also wanted to prevent some elements from moving (like date headers) and for that we had to make up a SoftUpdate to tell the algorithm which elements can be updated, but not moved.
After a lot of trial-and-error, we ended up with an algorithm that's working fine for our needs and saves us a ton of needless coding. Chances are this situation is frequent in many other mobile apps, so feel free to adopt and tweak our example as you see fit – maybe it'll solve your problems too.
So where can you find it?
In case you didn't know yet, the code for Toggl mobile apps is open source and fully available at GitHub! Have a look at our Diff class and adapt it as you see fit. If enough people find it helpful we may create a package for it.
So that's it for now. I hope you enjoyed reading the post as much as I did writing it. We are working every day to improve Toggl mobile apps so expect more technical articles to come!
And of course, any comment or suggestion is always welcome.
Happy toggling!


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A Michigan school district has removed a clause in their written policy giving hiring preference to non-Christians after they say they recently discovered it.
The clause in a teachers union contract in Ferndale Public Schools had been in effect for more than 30 years, but never invoked, officials said, according to Fox News.
"Any teacher may apply for a vacancy in a position considered to be a "Promotion" as defined in Section 2 above," the clause read. "Special consideration shall be given to women and/or minority defined as: Native American, Asian American, Latino, African American and those of the non-Christian faith."
Image source: Michigan Capitol Confidential
A spokeswoman for the school district apparently became aware of the clause after it was reported by the Education Action Group when Mackinac Center for Public Policy discovered it while reviewing teacher contracts, Fox News reported.
"Earlier this week, Ferndale Public Schools learned of antiquated language in employee contracts that we somehow missed when recently bargaining contracts," Ferndale Public Schools spokeswoman Shelley Rose said in an e-mail.
"This language dates back to at least 1979, and is not in compliance with current legislation. Fortunately, the district also has newer and strong anti-discrimination language in the contracts and has never, in our known history, enacted this now out-of-date language," she continued.
[sharequote align="center"]"Discovery of this antiquated language and the ensuing media storm is embarrassing to the district..."[/sharequote]
"Discovery of this antiquated language and the ensuing media storm is embarrassing to the district, but has afforded us an opportunity to update our contracts to reflect current law and long-time anti-discrimination practices," Rose concluded. "Ferndale Public Schools takes the issue of discrimination seriously and has acted swiftly to resolve this unfortunate contract language issue."
Nevertheless, a Mackinac spokesman says it's possible the clause could have cost someone a job at some point in time.
"I think it definitely is possible that it either cost someone a job change or at one point dissuaded someone from changing jobs if they knew that clause existed," he told Fox News.
Follow Oliver Darcy (@oliverdarcy) on Twitter


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If you have reason to believe that your account has been compromised in any way, please change your password and security question within the 'Account' menu. If this does not resolve the issue, please contact our friendly customer support team via email@example.com or +34 931 221 396 and state your request.
To further increase the security of your account, we recommend that you change your password at regular intervals.


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Less than a year after saying three hospitals in North Wales will have emergency vascular surgery provision, the troubled health board will now only have one hospital offer the service for the whole region.
Previously, emergency and inpatient treatment was to be kept in Bangor's Ysbyty Gwynedd, Wrexham Maelor Hospital, and Bodelwyddan's Ysybyty Glan Clwyd, with only the latter now providing it.
This followed an online petition signed by 3,000 people and the issue being raised in Prime Minister's Questions.
In September, Ysbyty Glan Clwyd and Wrexham Maelor recorded the worst A&E statistics on record as only 52.9% and 49.7% of patients were seen within four hours, respectively, against a Welsh Government target of 95%, which hasn't been met in over a decade.
Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board has been in special measures – and so under direct Welsh Government control – for over three and a half years.
Commenting, Aberconwy AM Janet Finch-Saunders, said:
"This u-turn is another slap in the face for the people of North Wales. Our health board has been recklessly mismanaged by the Welsh Labour Government and, as a consequence, Betsi Cadwaladr UHB have had to take this dreadful decision.
"What we're talking about here is emergency surgery; this will mean those that need immediate vascular treatment in Holyhead will have to travel twice as long as before and those in Wrexham have to travel 45 minutes rather than to the hospital in their own locality.
"I want to know what impact assessment has been made prior to this decision on patient safety and health outcomes, especially when we know that every second counts in an emergency.
"Although I am pleased to see Glan Clwyd have received £3.5m to build a state-of-the-art specialist centre to provide this care, it will not halt the sense of dread in North Wales where people are seeing their services shrinking – and not just for healthcare."


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Breast Cancer Channel
Topics & Medications
Related Channels
Related MultimediaClick on an icon to view.
The dose of Aredia your healthcare provider recommends will vary, depending on a number of factors, including:
- The condition being treated
- Other medications you may be taking
- Other medical conditions you may have.
As is always the case, do not adjust your dose unless your healthcare provider specifically instructs you to do so.
(Click Aredia Dosage for more information.)
As with any medicine, side effects are possible with Aredia. However, not everyone who takes the drug will experience side effects. In fact, most people tolerate it quite well. If side effects do occur, in most cases, they are minor and either require no treatment or can easily be treated by you or your healthcare provider. Serious side effects are less common.
Common side effects include but are not limited to:
- Nausea
- Anemia
- Vomiting
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Insomnia (see Aredia and Insomnia).
(Click Aredia Side Effects to learn more, including potentially serious side effects you should report immediately to your healthcare provider.)
Aredia can potentially interact with a number of different medications (see Aredia Drug Interactions).
Aredia for Cancer
List of references (click here)
Aredia [package insert]. East Hanover, NJ: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation;2005 April.
Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Electronic orange book: Approved drug products with therapeutic equivalence evaluations. FDA Web site. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/ob/. Accessed August 15, 2007.
Red Book: Pharmacy's Fundamental Reference. 2007 ed. Montvale (NJ): Thomson Healthcare; 2007.
Written by/reviewed by: Kristi Monson, PharmD; Arthur Schoenstadt, MD
Last reviewed by: Kristi Monson, PharmD


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Summer may be over, but that doesn't mean kids should stop playing. Play builds active minds as much as it builds active bodies, and by playing together, children gain social competence that is vital to their development and growth. In short, play helps to build the 21st-century skills that children will need to thrive in the workplace and to navigate our complex, ever-changing world.
These five studies illuminate just how integral play is to children's learning, achievement, and success:
How has play helped your child learn?
As a critical driver of positive educational outcomes for kids, play will be a topic of discussion with Education Secretary Arne Duncan and Aspen Institute CEO, Walter Isaacson, at the inaugural Playful City USA Leaders' Summit later this month in Baltimore. Learn more.


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02 Mar Welcome March-Let's Get Growing!
|A small part of my tomato harvest last year, along with melons, peppers, and garlic. In the background are seed packets of carrots and late crops that are about to be sown in the late July garden.
Arugula self seeds from seed heads in my garden every year.
Diane will teach you how to raise monarch butterflies and why it is SO important that you do so in your ORGANICALLY grown garden.
Real life veggie garden plans will be shared- from my own garden and those of my staff.
One of my favorite tricks to extend the growing season and double the harvest in a small area is to plant seedlings AND seeds of the same plant at the same time. Shown above is my escarole bed in late August. You can do the same with lettuce of all kinds. Start your lettuce seedlings now and plant them out in April; plant seeds between the plants and voila! Double the food harvest.
|Our red witch hazel is in bloom at the shop!
'Diane' red witchhazel in full bloom as well as our yellow 'Arnold's Promise' variety by the front of the shop. Along the driveway, the winter aconites and snowdrops are flowering. In the shade garden, there are Hellebores in bud and flower everywhere you look. At home, my pussywillows are popping and I am
The bees found my snow crocus the minute they opened.
starting to harvest them to make bunches, and perhaps a few wreaths, for when we open in a few weeks. As I took a walk around the neighborhood, I saw daffodils up and buds showing. My snow crocus are blooming in my courtyard and by my driveway. The buds are swelling on my Lonicera fragrantissima (winter honeysuckle). The winter pansies have come to life and buds are visible on them as well. Check out the article below about the things you CAN be doing in your garden in early March. We all want to take full advantage of every nice day and get outside.


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Chainmail running shoes – PaleoBarefoots for modern-day knights
// January 9th, 2013 // Products for Sale
Made in Germany and constructed from hundreds of tiny 4.0 mm stainless steel rings, the PaleoBarefoots Delinda are modern-day shoes made of chainmail. The PaleoBarefoots Delinda, a self-described piece of foot jewelry, works best for hiking on natural surfaces in and around water. It is GoSt's lightest model. For running and more intense walking, the closed instep of the Anterra is more suitable. Like all PaleoBarefootsa consistently purist minimalist shoe, which guarantees maximum barefoot feeling, freedom for feet and toes, immediate Kneipp effects and reflexology massage. They are ideal for jogging and other sports activities in the great outdoors. For true backcountry adventures across tougher and changing terrains, the Pronativ steps up to meet its wearer's rugged pursuits. If you are keen to "feel" what is happening under your feet, far away from roads and usual trails, these shoes are made for you. All shoes come with a choice of 6 lace colors.
Purported health benefits of PaleoBarefoots:
- Reflexology – depending on the terrain, feet receive a massage from the underlying soil.
- Constant stimuli – direct contact with the earth leads to more precise foot and body movements.
- Kneipp temperature and moistures effects – instant perception of surroundings and changes therein.
- Biomechanics – challenges and trains the entire foot in a natural way.
- Injury – PaleoBarefoots' comprehensive foot training reduces the risk of injury.
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Files with pni extension are used by Pognoggin software.
Software that open pni file
PNI file extension - Popnoggin image file
What is pni file? How to open pni files?
File type specification:
The pni file extension is associated with Popnoggin a learning software for Microsoft Windows which adds pop-up flashcards to any computer game. The .pni file stores graphics image stored in the picture image format especially used by Popnoggin.
The default software associated to open pni file:
Company or developer:
Popspring LLC
Popnoggin is education software for Microsoft Windows. Popnoggin makes any computer time educational by challenging kids while they play. Popnoggin's pop-up questions make kids 'pay-to-play' their computer games.
List of recommended software applications associated to the .pni file extension
Recommended software programs are sorted by OS platform (Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android etc.)
and possible program actions that can be done with the file: like open pni file, edit pni file, convert pni file, view pni file, play pni file etc. (if exist software for corresponding action in File-Extensions.org's database).
Unspecified and all other actions for computer programs working with pni file - Popnoggin image file
Click on the software link for more information about Popnoggin. Popnoggin uses pni file type for its internal purposes and/or also by different way than common edit or open file actions (eg. to install/execute/support an application itself, to store application or user data, configure program etc.).


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We provide a wide range of creative services, ranging from video production to graphic and web design to web and mobile app development. Our team of multimedia designers and developers aim to provide our clients with high quality creative services.
Web Design
Sharp designs with a focus on usability and conversions. From content management systems to custom high performance web applications, we have exactly what you are looking for. We use the newest tools and today's cutting edge technology.
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Managed website hosting for customers who need reliable, backed-up services with a suite of options. Our support staff goes above and beyond the standard level of support that most web hosting companies provide.
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Visual storytelling is what we're all about. We thrive on taking the complexity of your product or service and boiling it down to the highest impact video or presentation.
Web Marketing
Effective marketing strategies that get results. When you need your content to reach more users, we can help. We have over a decade of experience helping companies reach their marketing goals.
© 1997-2018 LOOK media International LLC. All Rights Reserved.


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Every time I try and type Bobbi Brown, I type Boobi brown. It just sounds better that way, non?
Regardless of typos, the new art sticks are something to write home about… chunky matte lip crayons in awesome colours – yes. I knew I wanted these but then Stacey did a post and I *knew*.
They get rid of the need for a liner, and as they are so chunky they are ridiculously easy to just draw around your lips. Like a crayola crayon.
The finish is matte, but not drying at all. More moisturising than the NARS matte pencils, and almost creamy when you first apply them. The cons would be that most of the shades seem bright – which is a plus for me – but not if you love nude colours. Also the inevitable sharpening will waste a bit of products, but that doesn't really keep me up at night.
Bright Raspberry is a blue-toned deep pink shade. It's similar in tone to MAC Girl about town, but it looks a lot less vibrant on the lips. Yeah, it's bright but it's not neon bright, and it's pretty wearable. It's a standard pinky colour that leans red a little bit, which I love. This is definitely my kind of shade.
Sunset Orange is an orange-red, without being too vibrant or too orange. Super wearable for an orange lip product. It's not a clean orange, and is by no means unique but this is something I will wear a lot in summer.
Each pencil comes with a chunky sharpener, which is so useful and definitely something that all brands that make lip crayons should consider doing. I guess you need a special sharpener with these pencils, as they are really chunky/substantial.
For comparison I've shown it next to the NARS velvet matte pencils – you can see how much bigger the Bobbi Brown ones are! They feel so much chunkier and seems like you get more product.
Overall, I am majorly loving these at the moment!


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The National ProStart Invitational® is the country's premier high school competition focused on restaurant management and culinary arts. The 14th Annual National ProStart Invitational was held in Anaheim, California from April 18-20, 2015.
Top ProStart® students from from across the globe competed in the event. This talented group of students showcased their passion and skills in front of nearly 1,000 friends and family, educators and industry leaders. Congratulations to all of the teams!


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What do you know about the Occitan Culture?
A brief guide for reference
In my book, "The Mayor that was Me" I describe the life of my previous life, who was an Occitan poet. What does it mean to be Occitan?
For a long time France was divided into northern France, where the word for "yes" was oui, and southern France, where the word for "yes" was oc. The south became known as Occitania. The people there spoke Occitan and not French. Occitania stretched from Bordeaux to the Italian border, from Narbonne to Clermont-Ferrand.
Until the wars with the Cathar Lords were resolved in 1272, all of the south of France spoke a Latin-based language; there were however many different dialects, Provençal in Provence, Occitan in today's Languedoc and the department of Ariège, and Catalan in the department of Pyrenees-Oriental and northern Spain. All these languages are now being revived as are others, for example, the Breton tongue in Brittany and the Basque tongue of the Western Pyrenees.
I asked my friend Luigi Oliviero to explain further. (For more about Luigi, click here.)
For a long period there was a great difference between written language (Latin) and spoken one. A Council of Tours in 813 decided that priests should preach sermons in the "rusticam romanam linguam aut teutiscam" (romance language or german) understood by the people, instead of the classical Latin as the common people could no longer understand the latter. It is commonly considered as the death of Latin as a live language and the birth of Vulgar languages. We have a very important document showing this dated A.D.842: the oaths of Strasbourg (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oaths_of_Strasbourg ) where, just in the beginning we have for the French "Pro Deo amur et pro christian poblo et nostro commun saluament..." and for the Germans "In godes minna ind in thes christiānes folches ind unsēr bēdhero gehaltnissī" (For the love of God and for Christendom and our common salvation). The first literary text in romance ( the language derived from latin) is the "Séquence de sainte Eulalie" (Buona pulcella fut Eulalia, Bel auret corps bellezour anima; good girl was Eulalia, she had a beautiful body and a beautiful soul) manuscript 150 of the town library in Valenciennes. It was written in langue d'Oïl. The Great Italian poet Dante Alighieri, in "De Vulgari Eloquentia" (the vulgar languages) divided the romance languages on the basis of the way each language says the simple word "Yes". So we have the "Langue d'Oïl" (French), the "Langue d'Oc" (Provencal) and the "Lingua del Sì" (Italian). Starting from the XI century vulgar (that is, for the people) literature flourished in France with Chansons de Geste in the north (Langue d'Oïl) and the Troubadours (Langue d'Oc) in the South. In Italy, the vulgar literature started much later with the "Canticus or Laudes Creaturarum" (circa 1226) by S. Francis from Assisi whose mother was, not surprisingly, Occitan.
But Occitan is more than just a revival of the language. It is also an interest in the old Occitania with its culture of the troubadours and the Cathars. The region is still thought of as a separate country and government from Paris is often despised. There is a great north-south divide in France and great patriotism among Occitan people.
The Occitan people are artistic, literary and musical. Their illuminated manuscripts are breath-takingly beautiful. Their music, with its unique minor chords and tonalities, came from India through Spain and was developed by the troubadours of Carcassonne.
The Occitan culture is heavily linked to the history of the Cathars, symbolised by the fortress of Montségur.
Here are three links to look at. The first is a film with English sub-titles. http://vimeo.com/67129799 25 minutes
The second is French, but with the beautiful illustrations you will follow the story and understand the music. In just ten minutes it will give you a moving insight into how Occitan people feel about their history.
The third is a 3-minute clip of the Occitan symphony with beautiful images. Click here.
A 12th century prayer in Occitan and in French, discovered at Duilhac in the Corbières.
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visit dexknows.com to read more reviews or write your own reviews.
Also see our company profile on the BBB website and leave a review.
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