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Pitfalls of Artificial Intelligence Decisionmaking Highlighted In Idaho ACLU Case
One of the biggest civil liberties issues raised by technology today is whether, when, and how we allow computer algorithms to make decisions that affect people's lives. We're starting to see this in particular in the criminal justice system. For the past several years the ACLU of Idaho has been involved in a fascinating case that, so far as I can tell, has received very little if any national coverage, but which raises fascinating issues that are core to the new era of big data that we are entering.
The case, K.W. v. Armstrong, is a class action lawsuit brought by the ACLU representing about 4,000 Idahoans with developmental and intellectual disabilities who receive assistance from the state's Medicaid program. I spoke recently with Richard Eppink, Legal Director of the ACLU of Idaho, and he told me about the case:
It originally started because a bunch of people were contacting me and saying that that the amount of assistance that they were being given each year by the state Medicaid program was being suddenly cut by 20 or 30 percent. I thought the case would be a simple matter of saying to the state, "Okay, tell us why these dollar figures dropped by so much."
What happens in this particular program is that each year you go to an assessment interview with an assessor who is a contractor with the Medicaid program, and they ask you a bunch of questions. The assessor plugs these into an Excel spreadsheet, and it comes out with this dollar figure amount, which is how much that you can spend on your services that year.
But when we asked them how the dollar amounts were arrived at, the Medicaid program came back and said, "we can't tell you that, it's a trade secret."
And so that's what led to the lawsuit. We said "you've got to release this, you can't just be coming up with these numbers using a secret formula." And then, within a couple of weeks of filing the case, the court agreed and told the state, "yeah, you have to disclose that." In a ruling from the bench the judge said it's just a blatant due process violation to tell people you're going to reduce their health care services by $20,000 in a year for some secret reason. The judge also ruled on Medicaid Act grounds—there are requirements in the act that if you're going to reduce somebody's coverage, you have to explain why.
That was five years ago. And once we got their formula, we hired a couple of experts to dig into it and figure out what it was doing—how the whole process was working, both the assessment—the formula itself—and the data that was used to create it.
Eppink said the experts that they hired found big problems with what the state Medicaid program was doing:
There were a lot of things wrong with it. First of all, the data they used to come up with their formula for setting people's assistance limits was corrupt. They were using historical data to predict what was going to happen in the future. But they had to throw out two-thirds of the records they had before they came up with the formula because of data entry errors and data that didn't make sense. So they were supposedly predicting what this population was going to need, but the historical data they were using was flawed, and they were only able to use a small sub-set of it. And bad data produces bad results.
A second thing is that the state itself had found in its own testing that there were problems—disproportionate results for different parts of the state that couldn't be explained.
And the third thing is that our experts found that there were fundamental statistical flaws in the way that the formula itself was structured.
Idaho's Medicaid bureaucracy was making arbitrary and irrational decisions with big impacts on people's lives, and fighting efforts to make it explain how it was reaching those decisions. This lack of transparency is unconscionable. Algorithms are often highly complicated, and when you marry them to human social/legal/bureaucratic systems, the complexity only skyrockets. That means public transparency is vital. The experience in Idaho only confirms this.
I asked Eppink, if Idaho's decisionmaking system was so irrational, why did the state rely on it?
I don't actually get the sense they even knew how bad this was. It's just this bias we all have for computerized results—we don't question them. It's a cultural, maybe even biological thing, but when a computer generates something—when you have a statistician, who looks at some data, and comes up with a formula—we just trust that formula, without asking "hey wait a second, how is this actually working?" So I think the state fell victim to this complacency that we have with computerized decisionmaking.
Secondly, I don't think anybody at the Medicaid program really thought about how this was working. When we took the depositions in the case I asked each person we deposed from the program to explain to me how they got from these assessment figures to this number, and everybody pointed a finger at somebody else. "I don't know that, but this other person does." So I would take a deposition from that other person, and that person pointed at somebody else, and eventually everybody was pointing around in a circle.
And so, that machine bias or complacency, combined with this idea that nobody really fully understood this—it was a lack of understanding of the process on the part of everybody; everybody assumed somebody else knew how it worked.
This, of course, is one of the time-honored horrors of bureaucracies: the fragmentation of intelligence that (as I have discussed) allows hundreds or thousands of intelligent, ethical individuals to behave in ways that are collectively stupid and/or unethical. I have written before about a fascinating paper by Danielle Citron entitled "Technological Due Process," which looks at the problems and solutions that arise when translating human rules and policies into computer code. This case shows those problems in action.
So what are the solutions in this case? Eppink:
A couple years ago after we'd done all that discovery and worked with the experts, we put it together in a summary judgment package for the judge. And last year the court held that the formula itself was so bad that it was unconstitutional—violated due process—because it was effectively producing arbitrary results for a large number of people. And the judge ordered that the Medicaid program basically overhaul the way it was doing this. That includes regular testing, regular updating, and the use of quality data. And that's where we are now; they're in the process of doing that.
My hunch is that this kind of thing is happening a lot across the United States and across the world as people move to these computerized systems. Nobody understands them, they think that somebody else does—but in the end we trust them. Even the people in charge of these programs have this trust that these things are working.
And the unfortunate part, as we learned in this case, is that it costs a lot of money to actually test these things and make sure they're working right. It cost us probably $50,000, and I don't think that a state Medicaid program is going to be motivated to spend the money that it takes to make sure these things are working right. Or even these private companies that are running credit predictions, housing predictions, recidivism predictions—unless the cost is internalized on them through litigation, and it's understood that "hey, eventually somebody's going to have the money to test this, so it better be working."
As our technological train hurtles down the tracks, we need policymakers at the federal, state, and local level who have a good understanding of the pitfalls involved in using computers to make decisions that affect people's lives.
Like tax law.
- reply
- June 2, 2017
This is NOT artificial intelligence. It is computerization of a decision making process, and a failed bureaucratic process, but it is NOT artificial intelligence. Please correct your false headline.
- reply
- June 2, 2017
An excel spreadsheet or even Access database is not an "artificial" decision making computer. It is a set of data variables the user interprets based on human decision making. Unfortunately, mostly only knowledge workers know this so the average human with basic computer understanding believes the "computer" is making all the decisions.
Come ACLU go after the right target, not Microsoft Office.
- June 2, 2017
I find it so odd that so many people reading this story seem more upset about a technology being criticized than people being harmed.
- June 7, 2017
What is AI if is not computerised decision processes? Is it just a mater of complexity in the decision process that makes it AI? Even machine learning end up as automated decision making.
Maybe you are thinking about a more Sci-Fi version of AI. Gibson is a great read but it is not what us in the field are working on.
- June 7, 2017
What is AI if is not computerised decision processes? Is it just a mater of complexity in the decision process that makes it AI? Even machine learning end up as automated decision making.
Maybe you are thinking about a more Sci-Fi version of AI. Gibson is a great read but it is not what us in the field are working on.
- June 7, 2017
This isn't AI, it's bad code.
- reply
- June 2, 2017
I don't believe, either, that the State of Idaho was ever using a real algorithm--rather, they were just using manually entered data and perhaps mindlessly applying Excel's sum function at the end, or something equally simple (and simple-minded). And whatever they were doing, it was a far cry from intelligence, artificial or natural. But Mr. Eppink and the ACLU are heroes for taking the case on. Private citizens made no headway whatsoever against the Idaho Department of so-called Health and Welfare, but a federal judge did.
- reply
- June 2, 2017
This absence of straightforwardness is unconscionable. The system is quite frequently difficult, and when you correlate it with human social and bureaucratic frameworks, this system just stops working right. That implies open straightforwardness is crucial and we can see it on the example of Idaho.
Expert at http://domyessay.today/dissertation-writing-service/ -Edward K. Almendarez.
- June 14, 2017
i must comment on the comments. AI is, in fact, this. The application of programmable intelligence by non-conscious, deterministic machines to derive a perceptibly useful result, within a given input boundary, is AI.
I suspect what most of the commenters are thinking of when they hear "Artificial Intelligence" is actually "Consciousness".
It is exactly this kind of "intelligence" that is used in target selection for drone strikes. "Business intelligence" platforms are easily able to produce AI Target Selection by integrating image recognition/analysis (from drone surveillance feeds) and integrating with other data defined by the algorithm - weather, time of day, etc. It's nothing that SAP, IBM, Oracle, etc., aren't doing everyday.
- reply
- June 2, 2017


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My Spilt Milk has two pairs of tickets to give away to see DJ Snake, Zeds Dead, and more when electronic music comes to Champions Square May 2.
"Turn Down for What" by DJ Snake and Lil Jon was the party jam of 2014. Lil Jon told Spin.com:
One thing I've learned over the years, having done so many different kinds of records and finding success with those records, is that a song's gotta capture a moment in someone's life. It's basically a movement of people that like to have a good time. This song is the type of song that gets you motivated to do anything. A lot of people tweet me like, "I was almost through my workout, 'Turn Down for What' came on, and it made me go even harder at the gym." I pitched the song to be used for a basketball team like the Miami Heat. It's amazing, because that's what I've been doing all my career: just getting people amped up and hyped up.
Spin wrote of the song and particularly its sound:
Lil John and DJ Snake's "Turn Down for What" is an undeniable force — the sort of club track that not only inspires ridiculous wilding out on the dance floor, but which also actually kinda sorta comes to define a moment. While trap music has spawned plenty of hits and its production typically feels epic, it's never had an anthem like this.
On Saturday, May 2, DJ Snake will headline Go Hard, part of the Hard Summer Music Festival tour. which brings one night of electronic dance music to Bold Sphere at Champions Square. DJ Snake and Zeds Dead top the bill, which also includes Rae Sremmurd, Big Gigantic, Tchami, Gta, Destructo, and Wax Motif. Go Hard is part of a national tour presented by Hard Events, and My Spilt Milk has two pairs of tickets to give away to the New Orleans show. Register here for a chance to win.
The contest closes March 25 at noon Central.

subset: commoncrawl


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As of last night, our plan was to spend another day here at Saba Rock and Bitter End Yacht Club. But the morning is going to be overcast with a few cloud systems and a little rain marching across the eastern horizon. I enjoy rain in these latitudes, its warm and refreshing, and as long as there isn't a big pressure change the wind isn't too much of a concern.
We decide to postpone the days activities til our next trip, and spend the morning sailing to our next destination, Marina Cay. I wanted to spend more time hiking up on Biras Hill, out to Jack and Burns Point, and then go spend a few hours snorkeling in Eustatia Sound.
With the $25 mooring fee at Saba Rock, sailors get a free water refill and bag of ice. After stowing everything securely below, we leave the mooring and motor over to the dock. Saba Rock's staff comes to meet us and helps tie us off.
This Beneteau 50 is well equipped for its 4 cabins, and with just two couple on board, we've only emptied one of the three water tanks. Clearly, this calls for longer showers from here on out.
One of the dock hands offered to snap a picture of us on the boat. In the photo of the four of us on deck, you can see the red main halyard has been pulled down and temporarily hitched to the boom vang. This was done during the night to help quiet the main halyard, but unbeknownst to us, the halyard had developed a little too much slack in it. As we headed out into North Sound, I discovered that the main halyard had wrapped around the upper spreader and steaming light. This is an undesirable situation on a 50 foot tall rigged boat. And its the kind of quandary a skipper would prefer to discover before leaving the mooring.Fortunately, and much to the delight of passing yachtsmen, I was able to perform a series of carefully choreographed aerobatics up on the boom which eventually, though arguably ungracefully, freed the halyard.
Mainsail raised, we sailed around Moskito Rock and into Sir Francis Drake Channel, following in the footsteps - er - wake, of so many famous pirates. (Though technically, Sir Francis Drake was a privateer, not a pirate.)
Our dinghy deserves special mention here. We named her Herbie, after the Disney movie car with a mind of its own. Before we sailed each day we tipped the outboard up so the propeller wouldn't drag. However when we arrived at Saba Rock and things quieted down near the mooring, the outboard had tipped back during our sail, and we could hear the outboard sputtering along as if the dinghy, with a mind of her own, had started her own outboard. It turned out that the slight current near Saba Rock was spinning the propeller just enough to turn the engine over, a lot like push-starting a car. So we named her Herbie. This explanation calmed the conspiracy theorists on board. Still, I kept a close eye on Herbie all the same. Last thing I needed was for Herbie the Dinghy to take off on her own.


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Liz Dore, Carers Bromley Choir member
Who do you care for?
My Mum, who has serious mobility issues and Alzheimer's.
How much of your time is dedicated to caring?
Mum lives in a flat underneath us so I pop in and out several times during the day. I help with all of her day to day needs and take her out shopping and to hospital appointments.
How did you hear about the Carers Bromley project?
It was in the Carers Bromley Newsletter; a really helpful document that lists events and courses and gives advice to carers.
Why did you decide to join?
I have sang with various choirs for many years but stopped when I started my family. I sing with my church music group and in local concerts every now and then, but I would love to sing in a choir on a regular basis.
How have you found the singing sessions so far?
Brilliant! Cathy is a fantastic choir master – encouraging, funny, talented and she is definitely getting the best out of us. I can't believe that in just a few weeks we are singing four part harmonies and sounding pretty good!
What have you enjoyed/not enjoyed so much?
Everyone is really friendly, the atmosphere is very supportive and I think we are all enjoying having this time each week to have fun, laugh alot and create something wonderful together.
What are you personally getting out of the singing sessions?
I think singing is a great tonic – physically and emotionally. It's a real joy to come together with a group of people who you know are going through similar trials at home but, with whom you can put your troubles aside for a couple of hours to do something completely different and totally uplifting.
What song would you most like to hear the choir sing?
We sing unaccompanied so I think it would be fun to try a madrigal or perhaps a carol, as it's nearly Christmas! 'Dulci Jubilo' would be perfect as it has such beautiful harmonies.
What word would you use to sum up your experience of the project so far?
Interview by Sarah Richardson


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Good morning stampers and paper crafters! Thank you for visiting my share of the Stamp It Blog Hop. This month's theme is one that everyone is very familiar with...Spring or Easter. Well, maybe anyone living in the Northeastern part of the U.S. may not be able to see any signs of spring with all the snow they got, but let's hope we can instill warm thoughts. There are so many ways to celebrate Spring and or Easter...with a card, banners, treat boxes, cupcake toppers, party favors...you name it.
If you have been traveling along the Stamp It Group Blog Hop, you may have come here from team blogger, Pam Nichol's blog. If this is your very first stop, I want to thank you so much for stopping to visit me. If you like to skip and hop and happen to get off track, the full blog lineup below will help you move along from blog to blog so you see all of the amazing creations.
My project share today displays a little of both....Spring and Easter. They kind of go hand-in-hand....like the Basket Bunch! Super CUTE stamp set that is available in the Occasions catalog (page 18), and it comes as a bundle with the coordinating Basket Builder Framelits Dies! I love it when all my work is 'cut out' for me! teehehe
Creative Tips:
- I have found myself doing this a lot lately....adding a coordinating cardstock layer with texture. The Brick Wall embossed layer is a separate piece of cardstock cut 1/8" smaller than the cardstock front. The reason I do this is so that my card front is clean and smooth when you open the card, instead of seeing the reverse side of the embossed layer. Just something about that makes me happy.
- The Sweet Sugarplum checkered piece of designer paper comes from the Succulent Garden Designer Series Paper pack. I tore the top and bottom edges to add a little rustic look and a change in texture from the Brick Wall embossing.
- The little Easter eggs were stamped using Tip Top Taupe ink and watercolored with my Aqua Painter brush using Sweet Sugarplum, Flirty Flamingo, So Saffron, Bermuda Bay and Peekaboo Peach Stampin' inks. NOTE: Tip Top Taupe is part of the 2015-2017 In Color family that is set to retire at the end of May 2017. If you don't have this color, I suggest you get it before quantities run out. I love the softness of this 'brownish' color, as you can see with the eggs and sentiment.
- If you like to add 'dimension' to your crafts, but not as much as a Stampin' Dimensional produces, add some Stampin' Glue Dots! That's what I did to the basket and handle. They have a little thickness to them that will raise your die cut 'just enough' off of the focal area.
- When there is no nice way to line up a sentiment, cutting it up to separate the words is a great solution. This sentiment was inked using Tip Top Taupe and popped up on the focal square using Stampin' Dimensionals. Solution solved! YEAH!
There are 29 images in the Basket Bunch stamp set. Sooo many ways to have creative fun. Don't you just love it when you have the freedom to create how you feel? LOVE it!
For more Spring and Easter themed inspiration, make sure you visit the other Stamp It Group members' blogs to see what projects they have to share. Thanks for stopping by....stop back again real soon.
Good Luck!! One very lucky person will win this awesome Oh Happy Day Card Kit...this give away includes the stamp set, too! To enter, you must leave a comment on any Stamp It Blog Hop Post....AND, you must include the correct hash tag...#stampitcontest.
Blog Hop Participants
Don't forget...when you leave your comment for your chance to win this amazing kit, I love to read them.
CONGRATULATIONS to our February Blog Hop Winner!
Diana Hernandez
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What supplies do you need to create these projects? All the items used are from Stampin' Up! and can be purchased through my online store HERE or click on the items below. A printable supply list is available as well!
Product List for Spring-Easter Basket Bunch card


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Montana Justice Department Warns of Healthcare Exchange Scams [AUDIO]
The Montana State Department of Justice Office of Consumer Protection is warning Montanans about possible identity theft scams related to medical and health insurance services like the new Affordable Healthcare Act exchanges.
Spokesman John Barnes said on Thursday, October 3, that scammers will use the confusion surrounding the healthcare exchanges to elicit personal information.
"From our Office of Consumer Protection, we've put out some tips to help citizens avoid some of these things," Barnes said. "If someone is interested in finding out more about the exchanges, they should go directly to the government website at healthcare.gov."
Barnes said it is important to never share personal information, such as bank account or social security numbers, unless you are familiar with the other party, or you are working with a trusted website.
"If you're on Medicare, this is important," Barnes said. "You do not need a new Medicare card. You might have scammers telling you that because of the new healthcare laws you need to obtain a new card to get services you've already been receiving, and that's also a red flag. It's also important not to share your Medicare number with anyone who says you need a new Medicare card."
Barnes has details on whom to contact if anyone has been scammed.
"If you've been scammed, or someone has been trying to scam them, you can call the Montana Department of Justice Office of Consumer Protection at 1-800-481-6806."


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By Sara M. Deats
Read Online or Download Antony and Cleopatra: New Critical Essays (Shakespeare Criticism) PDF
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Extra info for Antony and Cleopatra: New Critical Essays (Shakespeare Criticism)
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My friend, Seth, invited me for a media tasting at Chicken Up, a Korean Fried Chicken (yes, that is what the KFC stands for) restaurant at Tanjong Katong. It is situated right next to the famous 2D1N Soju Bang Korean BBQ.
The interior is of various shades of yellow and red, and for all you K-pop fans, there is a TV playing K-pop music videos continuously. As for those of you who do not appreciate such music, do not worry, it is neither deafening, nor is it exasperating.
The menu is pretty straight-forward, stating all the choices of chicken available. If you are a big eater, I would recommend that you opt for the buffet because you get to try more flavours and the chicken here costs about $5 a piece.
The first thing we had was the Watermelon Soju ($30). I must say that the display was very impressive! It came in half a watermelon, with dry ice. Then, the soju is poured in front of you into that gigantic bowl!
I am not much of a drinker but I did not feel the alcohol at all because the drink is very refreshing and the taste of the watermelon juice is very strong. We finished that whole bowl in no time at all!
And now, on to the chicken, which is what I think most of you are interested in.
We had the Yangnyum chicken ($22 for 4 pieces), one of the chef's recommendations. Crispy fried chicken with a spicy taste, coated with sweet and spicy sauce. This was finger licking good!
Next,we had Spicy Up ($18 for 4 pieces), another chef's recommendation. This promised crispy and juicy fried chicken with a spicy taste. However, to be honest, this was not spicy at all.
In between our chicken feast, we had a side of truffle fries ($8), which is a new item on the menu. The truffle flavour was quite substantial.
We then moved on to Andong Chicken Stew ($33 for half a pot), a Korean style soy sauce chicken stew with potatoes, carrots, noodles and rice cakes. This was good, but by then, I hardly had any space left in my stomach!
My favourite chicken of the night was the Soya Chicken Wings ($12 for 4 pieces). Very fragrant and delicious!
And I saved the best for last!
The most memorable item for me was the Pear Soju and Yakult Soju ($25). You cannot give this a miss! The Pear Soju hits the right spot for all you sweet tooth out there!
According to the owner, Luke, the meat is all freshly prepared and they do not pre-cook their chicken. Hence, you have to wait about ten minutes before your chicken can be served. When you get there, be prepared to use your hands, it is the best way to enjoy your chicken!
Chicken Up
48 Tanjong Pagar Roadn #01-01
Singapore 088469
Tel: 6327 1203
Opens daily from 1730-0200hrs.


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Tell your little one that L not only stands for his favorite lollipop! Tell him the names of many other words that begin with L like leaf, lamb, lion, leopard etc. It is a great way to teach name of animals that start with the letter L, he will remember the names better.
Now that your kid has learnt capital letters, it is time to teach him how to write small alphabets. He can easily learn how to write lower case alphabets as he colors the images in each block and simultaneously colors the alphabet as well. This is also a great aid in making his own ABC chart. This chart can also help you teach phonetics to your child, with the help of the simple images used for each alphabet.
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However, this tortoise in the picture looks very amiable and cute. You can show pictures of different types of tortoise and turtles in the internet, and help him to research more about tortoise and turtles. You can search about the Galapagos Islands, the home of giant tortoises. It is a fun way of teaching alphabets and different type of animals. Next time you go to the zoo don't forget to show your kid what a real turtle looks like.
This is a friendly and smiling snake peeping out from the letter S. However warn your little child that in reality snakes are far from friendly, they are dangerous and poisonous.
Your child will have a great time coloring the letters inside the hearts. Guide him so that he colors each heart with a different color and repeat the letters as he colors each little heart. This will help him to remember all the alphabets in the correct order.
Alphabet A for Ant Upper Case Letter B for Bear Uppercase C for Cat Uppercase Letter D for Dog Uppercase E for Elephant Uppercase Letter F for Fish Alphabet G for Giraffe Alphabet H for Hen Upper Case Letter I for Iguana Uppercase Letter J Uppercase Letter K for Koala Alphabet L for Lion Alphabet M for Meerkat Alphabet N for Numbat Alphabet O for Ostrich Alphabet P for Penguin Alphabet Q for Quail Alphabet R for Rhino Alphabet S for Seal Alphabet T for Toucan Alphabet U for Urial Uppercase V for Vulture Alphabet W for Whale Alphabet X for Xenops Alphabet Y for Yak Alphabet Z for Zebra Alphabet A for Acorn Animals Around Alphabets Small Alphabet Alphabet Letter Chart A to Z Alphabet Mnemonics Color As It Has Mention with Alphabet J Alphabet Jumbled Alphabet Alphabet L for Lamb and Leaf M for Mouse R For Robot Alphabet S for Snake Star Wars Alphabet V for Vegetables Alphabet for Little Ones Alphabet Train Alphabet for Kids to Learn ABC Alphabets Parade The Alphabets Inside Hearts The Alphabet Tree The Kids Coloring The Letters The P For Pizza The T For Tortoise The Alphabet Soup
Our free printables are strictly for personal use only. By downloading you are agreeing to our Terms of Use .
Your little one can identify with these two little kids who are painting the letters carefully. The letters act like a ladder for this little girl who is trying to color the letter A. You can tell him that like him these little children are also learning the letters.
Your child will like coloring this cute little tortoise. Guide him so that he colors the Tortoise correctly. You can also tell him the difference between tortoise and turtle. For that you need to be ready with an answer.
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Your child will be surprised to see a bowl of alphabet soup drawn in the picture. Ask him to use his imagination while coloring this picture, see what color soup he makes out of his imagination. You will definitely have a good laugh at the color of soup, if it is blue or pink. Correct him without rebuking that color of soup does vary from yellow to brown but is never pink. However, it is better not to find logic in what children do; after all they are small and innocent. In due time they will lean the correct things, so not to worry!
To make learning 'fun', associate it with something fun and then you can make your child master the most crucial blocks of his early learning life.
Your child might not know robot when he is small, but you can tell him what it means. Robot is an automatically operated machine that replaces human effort, though it might not look like a human for function in a human like manner. Also explain that all electrical equipment is not robots and it is not safe to play with electrical gadgets. You can purchase a robot toy to make the idea more clear.
Now that we have learnt alphabets coloring it's time to revise. This alphabet coloring page would be a great tool to get your kid to strengthen his association power. How about a fun game, after your kid is done coloring all the objects in the coloring sheet, both mom and kid can play a fun guessing game of which alphabet belongs to which image. Sounds fun, doesn't it?
Are you trying too hard to get your kid to learn the letters? Is your child too playful for you to get him to concentrate on the alphabets? Here are our pick of top 25 alphabet coloring sheets that will make ABC your child's best friends. Trust us when we say you will see your kid learn a lot more now, than what he would if you sat for hours trying to drill it down him.
Have you ever wondered how even very young kids are able to hum their favorite songs or the title track of their favorite animation series? It's because they want to remember them, and their desire has given them an incentive to associate these songs and tracks with something they like.
He will also love coloring the cute little lamb with a bow in its neck, as in the picture and the maple leaf.
Tell your little one to color the picture as instructed below to know what is hidden in the picture. He will find this coloring activity very rewarding because he will get to know what is picture is all about. There is a kind of suspense and a big mystery that needs to be solved. Appreciate him for unraveling the mystery once he completes coloring this picture. Pin it up in his room so he or she feels proud of the work completed on that day. Always add dates to the pages once completed. This will help you to know what you taught in the particular day.
You can teach him how to raise an alarm if he happens to see a snake. The best way is to let the snake goes on its way unless it is not inside the home. The snake should be removed; even if it is venomous, it is not necessary you have to kills a snake every time you spot it. Actually people have such deep rooted fear about snakes that they kill it no sooner they spot it.
You can tell how little mouse or mice loves to eat cheese. You can pick up Disney characters as well like Jerry, Mickey Mouse and Minnie Mouse as examples. However, make them aware that in reality mouse are not as friendly as it seems in cartoon and pictures, they are harmful and spread deadly diseases. It is best to stay away from a big mouse. Keep your home pest free always to ensure safety and good health.
This is a great way for your child to understand different words that start with the letter J. Coloring this one alphabet sheet will surely want your child to learn other words starting with different alphabets. Kids alphabet coloring pages not only helps developing coloring skills, but is also a great way to improve your child's vocabulary.
This is a very cute animal faced alphabet page, where tiny little mice are peeping and smiling at your little kid. Your little one will be compelled to smile back at the little mice. He would like to stick this cute coloring page in his room after he is dine with coloring the letters m, n, o, p, q, r. Learning was never so much fun isn't it!
Instruct your little one not to run after a mouse or try catching it because it might bite, like most rodents do!
Learn the alphabet and words while coloring with our printable alphabet coloring pages. The theme of each letter is from our popular alphabet flash cards. Coloring the alphabet is a good way to introduce the youngest learners to letters of the alphabet through an activity they like. It doesn't matter if they can't yet read it, they can still color in the shapes and gradually familiarize themselves with the letters and words, this helps with further learning later on.
Who doesn't love Star Wars? This alphabet sheet is both for your child and his daddy, after all it is your hubby who has seen it maximum number of times, isn't it? This sheet has all the star wars characters named from A to Z. Color the characters and the alphabets and your child can make his own star wars collage for his room.
Which child doesn't like to play with toy trains and what can be more fun than creating one on your own? Get your kid to color the alphabets on the train. Cut out these alphabets and stick them up on a hard surface something like thermocol sheets. You can make the train with small matchboxes and cut out small paper circles to show the wheels. Board the train with your little one reach the destination where learning meets fun.
You can explain why these snakes leave their home and come near a human habitat. The main reason being that tree and jungles are being cut down in the name of development, so these poor snakes are losing their homes and intruding poultry farms where it is killing little chicks for food or intruding homes as unwelcomed guests. It is always better to raise alarm and leave the snake alone to go on its way, if a snake is provoked it will bite surely. To ensure safety of all at home stay away from the creature and teach your child not to poke snakes with sticks by mistake.
We all know trees are a man's best friend for all the natural benefits they provide. But look what we found for your kid! A cute alphabet tree with its arms open towards your kid promising him a fun and learning time. Color the tree and its fruits, we mean the alphabets with bright and vibrant colors and cut it out and paste it on a bulletin board or your kid's room door just for some fun. We wish you a great coloring and fun time with the alphabet tree.
This picture is a great way of introducing different kinds of vegetables to your child. Teach him the name of each vegetable and ask him to repeat the names. Also guide him when he colors the vegetables, make sure he or she fills in the right color so that he is aware which vegetable looks like what. You can also take him to the vegetable market next time and ask him to help you out with shopping. This will help him to know all the vegetables all the more better. You can also tell him that eating vegetables will make him or her strong and healthy, because most children are very fussy and particular about the food he or she eats.
It's interesting to observe how kids put in a lot of effort into their coloring because they feel it is a great way for them to impress their parents and make them feel proud. So, do away with the old and boring styles of teaching alphabets to your kid and bring home the more fun, interactive and effective learning aids in the form of these interesting coloring pages.
As your child colors this picture ask him to point out at different letters and tell which one comes after what. It is a great way to test his alphabet knowledge and how much information he or she can grasp and remember.
Give this colorful printout to your kid and tell him how ABC are his new playmates who will open up a whole fun world for him. Get him to color up this sheet and cut out each of the characters and paste on top of ABC collage sheet. Fun characters and colors will soon make your kid want to go ahead and proceed from just ABC to A to Z.
So, if you want to educate your child, then you have to mask it as edutainment(education + entertainment). While there may be a number of charts and games available these days online and offline, there can be nothing more fun than giving your child a pack of colors and some fun coloring sheets which they can sit with for hours.
Your little one will love this robot with the letter R embossed on it. You can also teach him the other words that start with the letter R. If his name starts with R he will take special care in coloring the letter.
If your child has already tasted pizza, he will love coloring the picture even more! Familiarize him with other words that start with p like peas, peanut, pig, popcorn, prawns and pineapple. Ask him to repeat after you after he finishes coloring the page. You can also ask him to point at the objects on the coloring page and name them. After your child completes coloring the page stick it up in his room so that he remembers the letter. You can follow the similar teaching method for all the alphabets. It will make it easy to learn and memorize the alphabets. You can also draw many objects that begin with the letter in a page and give it to him. He will love coloring those objects and adding more words to his ever growing vocabulary.
Hope you will enjoy downloading these free printable alphabet coloring pages online. If you do come across more interesting coloring pages of alphabets do tell us about it in the section below. Happy coloring!
Why buy charts from stores to teach alphabets? There is a better way to do that – get your child to create his own alphabet chart using this coloring sheet. Not only does he get introduced to characters from A to Z but will also learn associations like his favorite ice cream starts from the letter 'I'. And yes, don't be too embarrassed the next time you are at a grocery store and you hear your kid shout "mom, my O for orange!"
By coloring each heart with a different color, he or she will be able to associate all the letters with the particular color. You must pin this coloring page where he studies, since by seeing the letters constantly in front of his eyes, he will remember them even better.
Tortoise is a land dwelling animal while Turtle is a water dwelling animal. Both are reptiles belonging to the family of Testudines. The bodies of both the Tortoise and Turtle are shielded with a shell, which gives them protection. The upper part of the Turtle's body is called Carapace and the lower part is known as Plastron. Both plastron and carapace are attached together by a bridge and can't be detached, but the head and limbs are withdrawn from the rest of the body. Both Turtles and Tortoise are very reclusive in nature; they withdraw their heads and limbs when touched.
It is important to tell your child that the alphabet series starts with the letter A, so that he doesn't make a mistake while singing ABCD. Here Elmo the Muppet introduces the letter A. He is holding on to acorns, an oak type nut, this nut has a single seed with a leathery shell. This nut looks unique because it is enclosed in a cup shaped cupule. Elmo is a furry red monster that appears in the children's television series 'Sesame Street'. If your child loves to watch Elmo's world, which is a fifteen minute segment which is aimed at toddlers, then she will love to color this page even more. In this series, even Elmo's age is three and half a years old, he is tiny just like your little one.
Here is a super fun activity that you and your child both can do as a team. First print this coloring page and get your child to color it well. Take a pair of scissors and cut out 26 pieces of thick paper or cardboard, now cut each alphabet along the outline. Tell your child to stick them up on pieces of cardboard. This is a great activity for your kid to take back to school and feel super proud that he and his mom made his own set of first flash cards.
Like us, did you also think alphabets can't look funny? Well, this coloring page proved us wrong. We bring to you these funny alphabet mnemonics which look like cute puppets for your kid to color and laugh as he fills in color for each of the letters. This is an interesting way under an alphabet peg system that helps the kids associate the letter with something that he can remember it with.
Your little one surely possess many polka dotted dress, she will be surprised to find polka dots on the letter Z also. She will probably color this Z like her favorite polka dotted dress. Tell her to pronounce the letter loudly as she colors this page.
Properly , if the coloring pages and books that Old People -- those of us past the age of twenty- five --used back in the days before they invented climate and once we all knew what a telephone cord was are fading out of mind , they`re being reborn on the Internet. Youngsters `s coloring pages are in all places online. A whole new dimension of coloring and drawing has been opened up with the arrival of the Internet.
When the Web was nonetheless fairly new-- anyone here old enough to remember these days? -- only some web sites provided free, printable coloring pages, and most of these merely contained some tough sketches or produced teeny weeny pictures. However at this time one can find a multitude of websites from which you`ll be able to print out high - high quality coloring sheets on nearly any subject you can imagine.
Why Kids `s Coloring Pages are Vital
At present `s kids nonetheless love coloring just as much as the Old People used to when they were children. Along with this reality , it is now recognized that coloring is a wondrous pre- studying exercise which helps children develop the hand-eye coordination they`re going to need for learning learn how to write. Dad and mom who encourage the usage of children `s coloring pages are also encouraging an array of other development skills together with determination making, endurance , persistence, and creativity.
Youngsters `s coloring pages on the Web supply a greater assortment of subject material than the books within the shops can, and if your youngsters want printed coloring books you`ll be able to fire up that printer of yours and create a custom-made , one of a kind coloring e-book for your child. It only takes a few minutes to print out several coloring pages, and these result in hours of leisure and brain stimulation on your child.
The Choices in online Youngsters `s Coloring pages
At some web sites you will find the basic youngsters `s coloring pages that may be printed and colored by hand with crayons, colored pencils, and whatever else. However , you may also discover web sites that provide interactive coloring pages that require you little one to work on the pc itself to fill in the photos with colors. Often times , these interactive coloring pages are part of a whole online community and the pages are just considered one of many issues available to do on the website.
For example , an internet site with these pages might be about dolls, and it could additionally include all shapes, sizes, and kinds of dolls for youngsters to play with and even create them. Their favorites can grow to be photos on coloring pages. There may even doubtless be articles, video games , quizzes, contests, and chat forums for doll lovers. Your child will love having the ability to study so much and be so artistic with something she has a love for already.


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RASC was established in 2007 by the Coordinator who was a registered Primary school teacher.
The RASC staff team are committed to giving friendly, individual attention to the children in a safe, positive environment.
A core group of regular children and the team of stable, committed staff provide consistency and stability in the programme.
RASC 2019 Information and Enrolment Form
Do your work demands and commitments create the need for quality child care?
Simply register and enrol with RASC for the term and your child will be well cared for under careful supervision.
RASC is a small, fun OSCAR programme for children from Roseneath School. It offers healthy afternoon tea, structured homework support and supervised activities or play.
This service operates in the Roseneath School hall, Monday to Friday, 3 – 6pm (excluding school and public holidays).
Forms are available below. They can be returned to the RASC Supervisor or the School office.
Fees / session (3-6pm) / child
Regular booking 1 child $25 incl. GST
Regular booking 2 siblings $45 incl. GST
Regular booking 3 siblings $65 incl. GST
RASC a/c number: 38-9007-0456474-00 (include name as reference)
All inquiries
Contact RASC Coordinator, Pyar
Mobile: 027 689 8845
Lunch Orders
Hell's Pizza is available on Wednesdays and Thaitara Thai (formerly Ban Mai Thai) is available on Fridays.
All can be ordered at school or via email. Yr 7 & 8 Students will be at the office waiting to take the orders on Tuesdays (the day prior) for Hell's Pizza and Thursdays (the day prior) for Thaitara Thai.
Gluten and dairy free are available. The Thai food has no MSG, can be made without any egg and the fried rice is gluten free
You can email me at firstname.lastname@example.com to place an order.
Alternatively you could place an order for the whole week or place a standing order for the whole term by emailing me.
We allow I.O.U.s from parents; they can be paid that afternoon or the next morning. We also allow for internet banking as long as the reference is 'Lunches" and paid to the school account 020560 0035404 00. If you order by email then you could fill in the appropriate form below by copying and pasting it to me and identifying the choices.
The School Day
Classes begin at 9:00am and final bell at 3:00pm.
10:30 – 10:50am: Students eat in their own room (Exceptions for some classes with children who have allergies)
at 3:00pm
Behind the hall and top of drive beyond house fence is out of bounds. Students are to stay within the fence line. Only Yr4 -8 allowed on front bank – saluting base – must stay within fence line. Students not to use climbing apparatus in wet weather.
12:30 – 1:30pm: Students to eat in their own room (Exceptions for some classes with children who have allergies). On a wet lunch hour Mon/Tues/Thurs/Fri. students will go to House groups at 1.00pm.
Cultural Assembly held on Friday mornings 9.05- 9.45. Parents/Caregivers most welcome.
In our School –
- We walk in classrooms and corridors.
- Ball games are played outside.
- We solve problems peacefully by talking things through.
We call people by proper names.
- We ask permission of the owner before using other's property.
- We put rubbish and other waste in the approved place.
- We clean up after ourselves.
- We encourage people when they are trying.
- We treat others as we would like them to treat us.
- We sit down to eat our lunch in the appropriate places in the classroom.
- We look after things we use at school.
Stationery can be purchased from the school office between 9.00 – 12.00pm.
The Board of Trustees meets monthly. Board meetings are open and parents and caregivers are welcome to attend. A staff representative is elected to the Board of Trustees by the staff.
The Year 7&8 children are bused off site once a week for technicraft training. This is a compulsory part of the curriculum. The Board of Trustees receives adirect grant for a portion of the costs of this programme. There is a charge toparents for the consumable items used in this programme. The actual costing ofthe programme is calculated by the Centre providing the service.
As the school does not have a pool, we use the facilities at the Kilbirnie Aquatic Centre. A swimming programme is scheduled for at least one teaching block ayear and the children will be bused to the pool. The details of the swimming programme will be published in a newsletter at the appropriate time.
Swimming is a compulsory part of the physical education programme and allchildren are expected to participate.


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Cortical.io has wrapped its Retina Engine into an easy-to-use, powerful platform for fast semantic search, semantic classification and semantic filtering.
The Retina Platform is an ecosystem that offers access to the core Retina Engine via the Retina Library (formerly called Retina Spark) and the Retina API. Both enable fundamental operations on text like text comparison, keyword extraction, segmentation or context identification. The Retina Library includes additional modules for semantic search, dynamic generation of classifiers and Big Data semantic processing.
Both Retina API and Retina Library are provided with a default database for general English which can be replaced with any other language or domain-specific semantic space.
Retina API and Retina Library serve as a central resource for a multitude of different applications that elegantly solve difficult NLU tasks where other approaches struggle.


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This rotation is designed to give the student the opportunity to participate in the activities of the health team in the primary care network of Costa Rica. The goal of the International Health Elective is to offer students an opportunity to learn about health and healing with a more global perspective by living and working in another country. Students will have the opportunity to live in a new and different culture, usually with little of the technical and medical facilities he or she is accustomed to using. The student will have a chance to see a different way of organizing health care to achieve good results in the health situation of the population, as is the case in Costa Rica. The resources that are taken for granted in the developed countries like USA, Canada and Europe may be lacking at times. The students have an opportunity to be of service to the community and to broaden their thinking about future medical practice.
Click HERE to apply for this program!
1. Overview
The goal of the international medical elective is to offer senior PAs students an opportunity to
learn about health and healing with a more global perspective by living and working in another
country living in a different culture, usually with little of the technical and medical facilities he or
she is accustomed to using. The student will have a chance to see a different way of
organizing health care to achieve good results in the health situation of the population, as is the
case in Costa Rica.
PA students will have the opportunity to participate in the activities of the health team from the
first to the third level of care of Costa Rican Health System (Caja Costarricense de Seguro
Social – CCSS). In the first level, preventative services are emphasized, including
immunizations, maternal child services, prenatal care, growth and development of children,
nutrition, community education, community sanitation and environment, as well as continuity of
care in cases chronic diseases. In the third level the experiences vary according to the
Program prospectus available at: https://drive.google.com/open?id=http://10tsY0LKGKHQxRYSY1wUbG5OzaCdIPpMY
Online application available at: https://forms.gle/rLQgpFVAoDD2vKX48
2. Rotation Identification
This rotation is designed to give the student the opportunity to participate in the activities of the health team from the first to the third level of care of Costa Rican Health System (Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social – CCSS).
The participant will only work directly with patients according to the country regulations for medical care, and the international regulations on bioethics for medical care for health professionals and students.
In the first level, preventative services are emphasized, including immunizations, maternal child services, prenatal care, growth and development of children, nutrition, community education, community sanitation and environment, as well as continuity of care in cases chronic diseases.
In USA, Canada and others countries, the Spanish speaking population represents an important number of people to whom the health professional must give appropriate care. To promote competence based medical education means to prepare the professional to face the reality of working, understanding, and communicating with this group. This rotation is competence based to expose the student to work with Hispanic populations, learn, and accept the culture differences as an important scientific and ethical principle of the medical practice.
3. Who is eligible to participate?
Program IHCAI P03 is for Physician Assistant Students from USA and Canada being regular students and with permission from their University.
4. Duration
This program may be adjusted to the participant's home institution's requirements. However, the minimum time to earn three credits is four weeks and the maximum is eight weeks which awards five credits to the participant. In order to receive the credits the student needs to fulfill all the requirements of the rotation and must obtain a passing grade.
5. Where are the locations?
There are several locations to work in:
- Urban metropolitan areas.
- Suburban areas.
- Other cities than the Metropolitan areas.
IHCAI Foundation offer rotations at:
- Clínica Carlos Durán
- Área de Salud Goicoechea I
- Área de Salud Goicoechea II
- Hospital de la Mujer CARIT
- Hospital Nacional de Niños
- Hospital Blanco Cervantes para el Adulto Mayor
- Hospital Regional de Grecia
- And others.
After submitting the application and send their records, students will be assigned to a health center based on availability, according to the regulations of the health system of Costa Rica.
6. IHCAI FOUNDATION policy for locations assigning
In the most of the cases IHCAI Foundation tries to give a position in the locations according to students' choices. However, the spaces are matched according to the registration completion date and space availability in the different areas of the Costa Rican Health System.
When completing the application form, it will match to next position available in any of the areas or clinics where IHCAI Foundation runs the program.
7. How is time organized? What are students' activities during the clerkship?
Students in the program IHCAI P03 will work for patients who normally visit the clinic. According to Costa Rica regulations and IHCAI Foundation ethics for medical practice and medical students work, this is only possible under direct supervision of an entitled physician.
Students receive support about the organization of the Health System, about medical Spanish, cultural issues, in accordance to the country where the student is doing the program. Of course that this has some variations and emphasis in different topics according to the country and area where the student is working.
Working hours are from Monday through Friday from 7am to 12pm and 1pm to 4pm. This schedule may vary according to the customs of the health site. It also depends on IHCAI Foundation and agreements with the students. In general, all students participate in the health team community work such as home visits for immunization, assessment of child growth and development, as well as monitoring and detection of chronic diseases.
Friday afternoons are off, in order to give the student an opportunity to travel or to undertake other activities. When the students are in the Hospitals they may have access to outpatient clinics in the afternoon as well as the emergency room this applies in some areas or countries and according to the local preceptor authorization.
8. Application dates and special requirements
According to space availability, the application deadline is 3 months prior to the rotation starting date. The starting date may be anytime during the year. IHCAI Foundation is in recess from December 15th to January 1st. Given the high demand between January and April, students are advised to complete their registration at their earliest convenience. IHCAI Foundation cannot guarantee space to those students who did not complete the registration process, even if they complete the online application and do not complete all the registration requirements.
It is mandatory to fulfill all the requirements stated as well as any others that IHCAI Foundation considers necessary in individual cases. IHCAI Foundation may request a recommendation letter from a faculty member or an advisor if it deems it necessary.
9. Spanish Proficiency
Students must have intermediate Spanish proficiency (Level 3 of 5). If you do not fulfill this requirement, please contact the main IHCAI Foundation office for more information at firstname.lastname@example.com. An intermediate level of Spanish is primordial to guarantee patient respect as well as for ethical reasons.
During the rotation, IHCAI Foundation offers medical Spanish tutorials with a tutor, assistance, and multimedia support, but this is not a Spanish course. The tutorials are oriented towards improving your skills in medical Spanish. Please note that IHCAI Foundation offers other options for students with a very small or no Spanish knowledge. The IHCAI Foundation Program P010A is an alternative to a rotation for students with very limited or no Spanish knowledge. If you need more information, please visit our web site at:
10. Are there any fees for this program? Where will I live?
Tuition Fee = $ 450 US (4 to 8 weeks program)
Accomodation fee: $ 160 per week
Home Family stay (Accomodation)
As part of the training program and the cultural immersion, student will stay with a Costa Rican middle class family. The family will be providing a single room, breakfast and dinner, laundry service and a moderate amount of local (Costa Rica or other Country territory) telephone calls (local phone calls are not free like in the USA), and other miscellaneous services. As a complementary service airport transportation is provided at arrival 24 hours and also gives transportation from the host family to the airport at departure.
11. Registration
The application form is available online at our homepage. Please read the information on the form carefully and make sure you fulfill all the requirements as indicated. Please submit your application registration form once you are sure that you will be doing the program. If you need more information please contact us at email@example.com we will be very pleased to assist you.
After complete your application you go to be oriented by the IHCAI Foundation Staff about the documents you need to present before your arrival according to the Costa Rican Health System regulations, like a copy of your passport, your personal resume, Immunization proof and others.
The application form can be completed online at P03: International Health Community Based Clinical Rotation for Senior Physicians Assistant Students
When the student completes the online application, IHCAI Foundation system would send a confirmation message. Please read this message very carefully because some changes may occur.
More information about How to Apply at: How to Apply
12. Course format and educational model
The IHCAI Foundation programs use a problem and competence based learning model (PBL/PBI/CB). These approaches place great emphasis on self-directed learning. The students are expected to find the necessary information to solve clinical problems with the guidance of a system of tutors and to acquire the appropriate competences to work with their patients and community according to their necessities and cultural background. Students are expected to work with the problem solving method for developing competences to work with patients using the Spanish language and to function in a different culture.
The student will participate in the everyday clinical rounds in the Internal Medicine or Pediatrics services for example, and health post in the clinics or hospitals. Sometimes the participant will have to work in the EBAIS (Spanish acronym for Basic Team of Health Care, this is the smallest health care unit in the Costa Rican health service). At the hospitals, students have access to the emergency room or at the service where the student is assigned. Students working at Clinics will do clinical work with the local physician and the health team.
An important component of the rotation is the work place, School, or home visits or for immunization, child growth and development, prenatal care, and control of patients with Chronic diseases or prevention and education activities. When the student works at the clinic he or she will participate in these activities at least once a week when they are scheduled.
The rotation will necessarily contain an important emphasis on language skills for comprehending, speaking, writing, and reading Spanish in order to assure an appropriate communication with the patient. It is important to us to improve the new physician's competences when working with Hispanic minorities in the home country. It is also primordial that a new physician can understand the inequalities and the determinant role of poverty in the prevalence and incidence of diseases and their burden in the developing countries. The community component as the space-population where the burden of disease has its origin and solution is an essential component of the rotation.
13. Tutorial
Students will have a three-hour medical Spanish tutorial at least once a week. The schedule may vary according to the student's needs. In addition there is a one-hour tutorial every week to discuss health problems. During this tutorial the student will do the case presentation in the last week of the rotation. The schedule will vary according to the IHCAI Tutor and/ or the local preceptor.
14. Evaluation and grading
IHCAI Foundation faculty of the Affiliate Hospital and Clinics will evaluate the student's work during the entire rotation and other optional and mandatory activities IHCAI Foundation will add the IHCAI seal and the Director's signature to all evaluations. A student's initiative will be recognized and highly appreciated in the final evaluation. IHCAI Foundation may use the evaluation form of the student's home institution or the IHCAI Foundation evaluation form. The students are advised to handle the Home School evaluation form to the IHCAI Foundation staff at arrival or within the next 2 days after the arriving day.
15. Health advice and insurance
Students are covered by a basic health insurance while in Costa Rica. If you want a more extensive coverage you may contact IHCAI Foundation for other health insurance options. The student must present a reasonable proof that he/she possesses travel health insurance protection.
You can get an online insurance quote for extending your travel health insurance protection. Find an online quote and information about the IHCAI Foundation insurance company for health insurance at: International Insurance Products
Costa Rica is safe for malaria, yellow fever and other tropical diseases. However, in some rural areas of the country the water is not completely safe. IHCAI Foundation advises all participants to take precautions and to drink bottled water when traveling outside of San José. The water is safe only in San José, but if you have a fragile stomach, you might want to drink bottled water as well.


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"Shark attacks in 2010 rose 25%!" screamed one headline. Below it was a picture of a sign posted at a tourist spot in the U.S.: "WARNING: Recent shark attack. Beach closed."
You all remember the summer of Sharkmageddon. There was an epidemic of shark bites on swimmers. Well, there was an epidemic of stories, anyway.
As you should know by now, numbers can lie just like pictures can lie. Here's the truth about the latest summer of Jaws. There were 79 attacks in 2010, up from 63 a year earlier. That is indeed a 25% jump. But you really don't care what the number of attacks was – the real question is: What are the odds that you will get chomped? Are the world's oceans really 25% more dangerous? We'll ignore the fact that 5 of the attacks in 2010 were the result of two angry sharks that had a human-eating orgy during a four-day stretch that year. Let's just put the data into a different context.
There are about 3 billion people on the planet. Let's say on any given day 1% of them swim … forget it, let's say in any given year, 1% of them swim in an ocean or body or water that might have a shark. That's 30 million people. Let's say these swimmers average five swims per year. That's 150 million treks into shark-infested waters.
2009: 0.0000042 attacks per swim (63/150 million)
2010: 0.0000053 attacks per swim (79/150 million)
In other words, 99.99958% of swims were shark-attack free in 2009, vs. 99.99947% in 2010. That's not really a 25% increase in risk, is it?
Risk-assessment is one of the most critical ways that humans process data, and we do it constantly. Is it too risky to drive in this snowstorm? Is it too risky to sleep with this person you met at the bar? Is it too risky to eat that leftover meat that's been in the fridge for four days? The problem is, most humans are terrible at making risk calculations, constantly choosing emotions over data. Far, far more people die driving to the airport than flying in an airplane, yet you don't hear much about airport taxi phobias, do you?
Even worse, we live in the age of Big Data, when single slices of facts are thrown around like Gospel, when in fact they contain more lie than fact. Executive suites and conference rooms alike are teeming with "Shark Attack"-like pronouncements from spreadsheet-wielding analysts who believe that only items worth counting are worth doing. That's one reason customer service has suffered so greatly in our time — it's a lot easier to count the number of minutes that agents spend on the phone than the way consumers feel after an interaction.
Bad risk analysis is really the function of bad data, which falls under the category of Data Idolotry in the eight reasons people get stuck. Workers are often afraid of taking the leap towards a new job, or a new career, but don't realize that sitting still carries with it even more risk.
There's plenty of reasons that people make ineffective choices over and over again. They get bad information. They get limited information – using only a scale to assess health, for example. Sometimes, they poorly weight the information – a doctor says have surgery, a neighbor says try drinking herbal tea every night for a month, and they consider both these inputs equally. And then, there's the most common problem: we react poorly to information we receive. We choose to ignore critical information that tells us we'll likely be laid off within six months, or that a new competitor has improved on our product and is stealing our customers. Here are five categories of data idolatry and poor risk assessment. The first, ignoring measurements, is probably killing your retirement savings. Here's why:
Ignoring Measurements
If the stock market collapse of 2008 proved anything, it's this: We stink at assessing risk. Not just Americans; everyone. There's no more direct, comprehensive or scientific experiment we could hope to conduct. Most of the world made bets, consciously or unconsciously, and most of us lost. In fact, we lost 45% of the world's wealth, countless trillions of dollars. That's quite a doozy.
Of course, the world is full of proof that we are terrible at risk assessment. We fear sharks but don't wear condoms — or wash our hands. We're terrified of turbulence but drive drunk. We subject grandmas to full-body frisking at the airport, but let terrorists on watch lists get onto airplanes. We buy lottery tickets, often described as a tax on the mathematically disinclined, despite knowing the odds.
Maybe you are above all that. And maybe you feel like you could blame all those market losses on other things – a lack of information, terrible advice, even criminal behavior. Those are perfectly good explanations, but they prove our point. We incorrectly assessed the risk that criminals giving bad advice and hiding data controlled the markets. We can do better. In fact, we have to.
These primal skills, sadly, have remained relatively primal. Brain studies show that when humans encounter risks, what's sometimes called the "reptilian" portion of our brains take over. The reptilian brain controls base functions we have in common with most of the evolutionary world – fight or flight responses. It was designed to optimize our ability to run away from dinosaurs in a crisis. Sadly, when faced with decisions about things like money and investing, many people's brains believe they are being chased by a dinosaur and act accordingly. That is, they run. Metaphorically speaking.
Our reptilian brains might be useful at assessing a trip down a double-black-diamond ski slope. But we're relatively awful at assessing the risk of a mutual fund, inflation or trusting our current place of employment. As a result, many people are overly risk-averse, not realizing how risky that is.
The reptilian brain, as you might imagine, is about as good with subtlety as a Gila monster. It can muster two thoughts: BUY and SELL. QUIT or STAY. It definitely can't come up with the advantages of dollar-cost averaging in a falling market. OK, it usually comes up with one additional thought when it comes to money: PUNT! They find a money manager, and they say, Please, Mr. Man in a White Shirt – take care of this for me so I don't have to think about it.
And trust us, Mr. Man in a White Shirt is happy to take your money while making sure you can't live without him for the rest of your financial life. He's going to send you long paper statements you can't really understand. Sometimes these statements will show your pile of gold is larger, and you'll be happy. Sometimes, it will shrink, and your reptilian brain will yell, "SELL!" You'll call, and he will calm down the reptile within you – that's his main skill, speaking to that part of your brain. And you'll decide to BUY again. You'll make that decision over and over, which really is the definition of insanity. It's also the definition of a plateau.
Or, you'll do what most Americans do and simply stop opening the monthly statements. Somewhere, someone told you (probably that Man in a White Shirt) that the best thing to do with your investments is to ignore them, to "set and forget" the money you're putting in your retirement account. Sometimes, your retirement planning can be one of those background tasks we discussed in the introduction. However, usually, it's not a good idea to punt on your future like that. But again, "Don't worry about it. I'll take care of it," is a secret message aimed directly at your reptilian brain. Just ignore it and everything will be fine! Can you imagine the gall of this advice? Thank God our ancestors didn't fall for this trick. Imagine if no one ever checked to see if insects were devouring the winter grain stored in the grain elevators!
Back in 2008, a majority of U.S. adults had put their money into set-and-forget mode. Clearly, that didn't work. How do you break free from this reptilian, all-or-nothing, buy-or-sell cycle? By measuring things, and listening to what the measurements tell you. Try managing some of your own money for a while, depositing it into an S&P 500 index fund, and compare that to the performance of the Man in a White Shirt over time. If you are doing better, than you really need to fire him. Real data is the key to moving the decision out of the part of your brain that made you choose whether you should or shouldn't jump off that high wall outside your elementary school when you were 8 years old.
Data is hardly infallible, however. It needs to be placed in proper context. It needs to be interviewed with hard questions. Otherwise, it simply creates a hall of mirrors. So here are ways that data can fool you.
1. Counting the Wrong Things
Why do airlines mess up one planeload's entire day when a single flight has a mechanical problem, rather than simply shift everyone one flight later? Because the FAA rewards that behavior. On-time performance is all about percentage of on-time flights. That's why it's OK to screw over hundreds of passengers, delaying them 24 hours or more. When you create a metric, people often simply conform to that metric. That's why so many of us are ineffective. It's why call centers reward the speedy over the effective. When you are deciding what to do with your money, or your career, the markers you pick are just as important as the goals you pick.
2. Opportunity Cost
Give most people a choice, and they will pick a known unpleasant experience over an unknown every time. Many folks are very bad at measuring what they are giving up whenever they make choices. Go on vacation here, and you can't go there. Take this job, and you can't take that one. Stay in place at work and…you'll never have an adventure. The way to avoid asking yourself "what might have been" is to carefully think about "what might be."
3. Magical Thinking
Remember that day you hit every light just right and got to work in 16 minutes? Well, that day is not today. In fact, it may never happen again. Yet you still leave with only 16 minutes to go to work. Why? You are a victim of magical thinking. Many folks get stuck – or they are perpetually late — because they can't help being overly optimistic in all their endeavors. Magical thinking leaves us wondering why one-hit wonders can't repeat their success. Never forget: Luck is quite a real phenomenon. Statisticians call it an "outlier." Chasing after an outlying event will leave you chasing your tail.
4. Overweighting Grandma
We used to joke that news is what happens to your editor on the way to work. No matter what reporters say, if an editor's block has potholes, the town has a major pothole problem. Everyone is like this. If your grandma says at dinner that there's too much color pink in TV these days, you'll suddenly shy away from using pink in your next design. It's human nature. A similar quality is called "recency." You might read 27 reports going into a big meeting, but if someone says something to you as you walk into the room, you will give that person's thought equal weight to all those reports.
5. Accidental Reinforcement
Imagine you've been put a rat in a trap maze. If the rat solves the maze, she gets a piece of food dispensed from above. The idea here is to teach the rat to solve the maze as quickly as possible. But let's say you work in a lab that's particularly hard-hit by funding cutbacks, and your rate maze hasn't been updated since the 1960s. It's been acting up lately, but you have a test to run, so you drop the critter into the maze. She's skittish, and so the first thing she does is panic and bang into a maze wall. Your aging trap shakes, and your food dispenser erroneously delivers a food pellet right where the rat is now seeing stars.
What happens next? The rat jealously scoops up the crumb, devours it with satisfaction, and then starts banging her head into the wall, expecting more food. You try explaining, cajoling, begging, even picking the rat up and putting her at the end of the maze, where more food awaits. No matter. She learned quickly that banging walls = food, and she's going to keep on trying that, again and again. This is the torture called accidental reinforcement.
Often, an early success is the worst thing that can happen to a person.
If you, like me, enjoy data, then you probably realize that many of these maladies are SOLVED by GOOD data. Understanding that grandma's observation represents a small sample size, you can burn out your observational bias with good data. However, good data is hard to find, and I hope you also recognize that in nearly all these flaws, dirty data is to blame. Given that we rarely have access to great data when making life choices, maintaining a healthy skepticism to the data you do get is essential to avoid falling into the data idolatry trap.
More Money-Saving Reads:
Image: Wavebreakmedia Ltd


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It takes as long as a half hour for your stomach to let your brain know that you are full which leads many of us to overeat even when we've had more than enough food. We can eat more filling and fiber-rich foods to feel full faster but another great trick is to sprinkle in more spices and herbs with powerful weight loss properties.
Don't discount the value in a teaspoon of spice on your meal, many spices can be as fiber-rich as regular whole foods and often add a good metabolism boost as well.
Psyllium: This fiber-rich compound is a main ingredient in pharmaceuticals like Metamucil but can also be found in cereals, frozen products, and can be added to baked goods. Psyllium is also good for lowering your cholesterol and improving bowel health.
Cayenne Pepper: Researchers at Purdue have found that just a half teaspoon of cayenne pepper can make you feel full longer and consume less calories at your next meal. Cayenne pepper also speeds up your metabolism which helps you burn more calories.
Cinnamon: This tasty spice helps you produce less insulin after your meal which prevents blood sugar spikes and cravings. Just three grams of cinnamon can help you feel full longer and it can be added to meals as well as coffee and snacks.
Black Pepper: According to researchers at the University of Oklahoma, your basic black pepper can help you burn fat faster and improve digestion. Researchers say black pepper alone can burn as many calories as a 20 minute walk.
Spices and herbs like oregano, rosemary, turmeric, cumin, and ginger also help you boost your metabolism and decrease blood sugar spikes.


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Innovating the industry with their Privileged Access Management Solution.
Check Point Software Technologies Ltd. (www.checkpoint.com) is a leading provider of cyber security solutions to corporate enterprises and governments globally.


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Our Laguiole with welded bee have a slim handle and the spring is chiseling die.
The horn pressed due to its nature is a fragile material which should not be absolutely wet.
Cf. our advice of maintenance at the bottom of page in the section " More information " or consult the page "Maintain his Laguiole knife"
|Blade engraving
Do not forget that you can add an engraving on the blade and one on the spring
Do you want to add this product to your cart without any engraving ?
No, let me add an engraving first Yes, add the product to my cart without engraving


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Livermore Art Association
LAA Gallery Membership Obligations
Work one day (Wed-Sat 11:30 am - 4:00 pm, Sun 10:00 am - 2:30 pm) a month. Additionally during Thursday Farmers' Market season, when artist must work two evenings (4:00 pm - 8:00 pm.)
Pay $50 annual fee to LAA. Fees due in January.
Pay LAA Gallery a 20% commission on each sale.
Livermore Art Association members are eligible to join the Livermore Art Association Gallery, as long as their work is juried in by members of the gallery and there is room for their work. The LAA Gallery displays both 2-D and 3-D work of both artists and crafters. Because of its limited size, only a small number of artists can be in the LAA Gallery at a time. If an artist is juried in and there is no room for their work, they can be put on a wait list and admitted at a later time.
For more information and to request an LAA Gallery Artist Contract, email LAA Gallery Director Peggy Kervin firstname.lastname@example.com
Join the LAA Gallery
LAA Gallery membership benefits include
LAA Gallery membership requirements
Livermore Art Association Gallery
Upstairs in the Historic Carnegie Building, 2155 3rd Street, Livermore. 925 449-9927
Open Wednesday-Saturday, 11:30 to 4:00 and Sunday 10:00 to 2:30
Copyright © Livermore Art Association. All rights reserved.


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CPSIA Architect Waxman to Retire from Congress
In some breaking news from Capitol Hill, 20-term Congressman Henry Waxman (D-CA) has decided not to seek re-election in 2014. As the former Chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, and its current Ranking Member, Rep. Waxman played an instrumental role in framing and driving the debate around consumer product safety issues. For example, after the "year of the recall" in 2007, Rep. Waxman was one of the primary authors of the controversial Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 ("CPSIA") along with Rep. Bobby Rush (D-IL). This law has had a profound impact on the regulatory regime governing product safety. In recent years, he was a leading proponent of reforming the Toxic Substance Control Act ("TSCA").
I had the pleasure of working on Rep. Waxman's staff for a semester as a law student and learned a great deal about the inner-workings of Congress from that experience. Whether you agree or disagree with Rep. Waxman's approach to enhancing the safety of consumer products, and other products not covered by the Consumer Product Safety Act, such as cosmetics, automobiles, and pharmaceuticals, his absence come next Congress will be felt by all of us who work in the product safety arena. This is a significant development for the future of product safety law and regulation.


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By Betsy Love on Mon 09/13/2010 03:12am
Except for hunt areas 5 and 6, black bear hunting season is closed for the entire area of the Bighorn Mountains. Warren Mischke with the Wyoming Game and Fish:
He says it is up to the hunter to confirm that the black bear hunt area he or she intends to hunt is open.
The status of hunt area closures is available 24-hours a day by calling 1-800-264-1280.


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