text: Print POEMS syndrome care at Mayo ClinicYour Mayo Clinic care teamAt Mayo Clinic, a multispecialty team of doctors works together to develop a personalized treatment plan for you based on your needs. Advanced diagnosis and treatmentResearchers at Mayo Clinic study how to improve the diagnosis and treatment of people with POEMS syndrome. Specific efforts include defining criteria for diagnosing the disorder, evaluating the effectiveness of radiation treatment and using stem cell transplants. Extensive experiencePOEMS syndrome can be difficult to diagnose. Mayo Clinic has doctors who specialize in diagnosing and treating protein disorders of the blood, including POEMS. Mayo Clinic patients also have access to clinical trials and the latest research. The Mayo Clinic experience and patient stories Our patients tell us that the quality of their interactions, our attention to detail and the efficiency of their visits mean health care like they've never experienced. See the stories of satisfied Mayo Clinic patients. Comprehensive Care for a Complex Diagnosis Offers New HopeWhen Travis Morris first came to Mayo Clinic, he had no explanation for the debilitating symptoms that had brought him to Rochester, Minnesota. By the time he left, however, Travis not only had a diagnosis, he had a treatment plan that's now helping to significantly improve his quality of life. Travis Morris had waited a [...] Expertise and rankings Access to the latest research. Mayo Clinic doctors are actively involved in research on POEMS syndrome risk factors and outcomes. POEMS syndrome-specific experience. Although POEMS is an uncommon condition, Mayo Clinic doctors have experience diagnosing and treating people with POEMS syndrome. Nationally recognized expertise. Mayo Clinic's blood and marrow transplant program is certified by the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy and accredited to perform unrelated donor transplants by the National Marrow Donor Program. Locations, travel and lodgingMayo Clinic has major campuses in Phoenix and Scottsdale, Arizona; Jacksonville, Florida; and Rochester, Minnesota. The Mayo Clinic Health System has dozens of locations in several states. For more information on visiting Mayo Clinic, choose your location below: Mayo Clinic's campus in Arizona Mayo Clinic's campus in Florida Mayo Clinic's campus in Minnesota Mayo Clinic Health System Costs and insuranceMayo Clinic works with hundreds of insurance companies and is an in-network provider for millions of people. In most cases, Mayo Clinic doesn't require a physician referral. Some insurers require referrals, or may have additional requirements for certain medical care. All appointments are prioritized on the basis of medical need. Learn more about appointments at Mayo Clinic. Please contact your insurance company to verify medical coverage and to obtain any needed authorization prior to your visit. Often, your insurer's customer service number is printed on the back of your insurance card. More information about billing and insurance: Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Florida and Minnesota Mayo Clinic Health System By Mayo Clinic Staff Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic Doctors & departments June 23, 2017 Print Share on: FacebookTwitter POEMS syndromeSymptoms & causesDoctors & departmentsCare at Mayo Clinic CON-20305518 Patient Care & Health Information Diseases & Conditions POEMS syndrome


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There are schools offering sports medicine degrees in Pennsylvania!
Schools Offering Sports Medicine Programs in Pennsylvania
Nearby States
Around 0.1% of Pennsylvania's graduates graduate from sports medicine degree programs every year. In other words, every year an estimated 343 sports medicine professionals graduate from Pennsylvania's 18 sports medicine schools.
Top Schools
Temple University, which is located in Philadelphia, is the top-ranked school in Pennsylvania that has a sports medicine program. It received a ranking of 24th in the country in 2010. 14 students graduated with a degree in sports medicine from Temple University in 2010. Temple University charged in-state students $12,424 in tuition fees per year.
Duquesne University, which was ranked 29th nationwide in 2010, is the second-ranked school in Pennsylvania that has a sports medicine program. It is located in Pittsburgh. In 2010, 9 students graduated from Duquesne University sports medicine program. The tuition rate at Duquesne University was $27,502 per year.
The third-ranked school in Pennsylvania with a sports medicine program is West Chester University of Pennsylvania, which is located in West Chester. In 2010, it was ranked 32nd nationwide. In 2010, 30 students graduated from West Chester University of Pennsylvania sports medicine program. The tuition rate at West Chester University of Pennsylvania was $7,680 per year.
Tuition at Pennsylvania's sports medicine schools ranges from $27,502 per year to $3,270 per year. But, the average tuition is $15,637 per year. In 2010, the sports medicine schools that charged the highest tuition rates in Pennsylvania were:
- Duquesne University - located in Pittsburgh, students are charged $27,502 per year
- Messiah College - located in Grantham, students are charged $27,480 per year
- Marywood University - located in Scranton, students are charged $27,150 per year
The sports medicine schools in Pennsylvania that charged the lowest tuition rates were:
- Northampton County Area Community College - located in Bethlehem, students are charged $3,270 per year
- Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania - located in Bloomsburg, students are charged $7,456 per year
- Lock Haven University - located in Lock Haven, students are charged $7,540 per year
A sports medicine degree from a Pennsylvania school... what next?
Many Pennsylvania sports medicine graduates become a sports medicine coordinator , physical therapy professor, coach, physical therapist, and physical therapist assistant. Pennsylvania had 42,290 sports medicine professionals in 2010. 13,930 of these sports medicine professionals were sports medicine physicians, 1,030 were sports medicine coordinator s, and 6,160 were physical therapy professors. The Pennsylvania counties with the largest populations of sports medicine professional are:
- Bucks County - 12,860 sports medicine professionals
- Allegheny County - 8,800 sports medicine professionals
- Warren County - 2,450 sports medicine professionals
Projected Growth
According the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, the number of sports medicine professionals is expected to grow by 12% by 2018. There are projected to be 26,550 sports medicine professionals working in Pennsylvania then. Of these 26,550 sports medicine professionals, the government predicts that an unknown number will be sports medicine physicians, 1,200 will be sports medicine coordinator s, and an unknown number will be physical therapy professors.
On average, sports medicine professionals earn a salary of $80,503 per year in Pennsylvania state. But, salaries for sports medicine professional can vary. In 2010, sports medicine professional made as little as less than $15,540 per year or as much as more than $150,980 per year in Pennsylvania. The following counties in Pennsylvania have the highest average salaries for sports medicine professionals:
- Lebanon County - $138,485 per year
- Blair County - $113,577 per year
- Adams County - $89,163 per year
The Pennsylvania counties with the lowest average salary for sports medicine professionals are:
- Lycoming County - $22,590 per year
- Lancaster County - $59,203 per year
- York County - $65,030 per year
The sports medicine professionals with highest average salaries in Pennsylvania were:
- Sports Medicine Physician - $178,610 per year
- Physical Therapy Professor - $114,840 per year
- Physical Therapist - $76,220 per year
On average, the lowest paid sports medicine professionals in Pennsylvania were:
- Sports Medicine Coordinator - $38,260 per year
- Coach - $32,310 per year
More Information
Take a look at the graphs and charts below for additional Pennsylvania statistics regarding a career in sports medicine and to compare salaries with a variety of related fields such as physical therapy or sports medicine.
Here are the different levels of study available for you to explore.
- Associate's Degree in Sports Medicine in Pennsylvania
- Bachelor's Degree in Sports Medicine in Pennsylvania
- Master's Degree in Sports Medicine in Pennsylvania
- Doctoral Degree in Sports Medicine in Pennsylvania
Want to study at your own time and pace?
Consider Online Schools as a great alternative flexible option to earn a degree!View Online Schools
Featured Online Schools
Kaplan University
Narrow Your Results
Curious what studying Sports Medicine gets you?
Check out the different options and how they're looking in Pennsylvania
|Employment Number
|Avg Salary
|Job Growth (past 5 yrs)
|Physicians and Surgeons, All Other
|Physical Therapists
|Coaches and Scouts
|Health Specialties Teachers, Postsecondary
|Physical Therapist Assistants
|Athletic Trainers
Got your degree? Time to find a job!
Below are sports medicine related jobs in Pennsylvania

subset: commoncrawl


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Insta-Friday #155
Let's recap the holidays through my iPhone photos and video!
Let's recap the holidays through my iPhone photos and video!
In honor of the Cubs playoff run this year, we took our official Christmas portrait in front of the Cubs tree in our Cubs gear. Happy Holidays to all who are celebrating from Andrea, Pug and Molly!
My week in iPhone photos and videos. Follow me on social media (This Pug Life everywhere) for more updates throughout the week!
This weekend Pug and Molly made the journey to our local Petco to visit the big man himself. Our last visit with Santa was all the way back in 2009, so we had some catching up to do.
It's that time of year which means only one thing – it's time for my annual Holiday Gift Guide for Dogs! It's one of my favorite posts of the year. I'm always on the lookout for new and innovative pet products and my gift guide is a chance to showcase my favorites. And this year […]
All year I keep my eye out for great gifts for the pet obsessed person – aka people like me! Below is a list of the top ten giftable items I found. If you're a pet person yourself and need gift ideas for your pooch, make sure to check back on Monday for my annual […]


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Upscale Blue Mountains Resort Hiring Chefs
13 Augposted by Alliance Abroad Group
Categories: Jobs in Australia
Tags: australia culinary scene, Australia Travel, blue mountains, chefs, culinary jobs, new south wales
Comments: 0
Available Positions:
Commis Chef
$23.23/hr M-F
20% more on Sat
40% more on Sun
Demi Chef
$24.60/hr M-F
20% more on Sat
40% more on Sun
Chef de partie
$25.35/hr M-F
20% more on Sat
40% more on Sun
Start Date
October 2013
Blue Mountains
(1.5 hrs west of Sydney)
Chefs Needed for Genuine Gourmet Destination
Overlooking the bush land of the Jamison Valley in the World Heritage-listed Blue Mountains National Park, this Resort brings upscale contemporary accommodation in the Blue Mountains, one of Australia's most treasured wilderness areas.
Located only one-and-a-half-hours drive west from Sydney, the holiday accommodation in the Blue Mountains has emerged as a genuine gourmet destination renowned by Sydneysiders in search of a peaceful setting in which to relax, rest and rejuvenate.
In recent years, a new generation of internationally-acclaimed chefs and fine-food purveyors, including this Resort's own executive chef, have settled in the surrounding villages and revitalized the region as a must-visit center of regional gastronomy.
At home in the charming upper-mountains Leura village, the Resort is surrounded by a range of gourmet experiences that are ripe to explore. This is you opportunity to add prestige to your culinary resume while enjoying the beautiful Blue Mountains landscape.
Resort Facilities:
- Indoor And Outdoor Pool And Spa
- Games Room
- Playland for kids
- Golf
- Tennis And Squash Courts
- Billiards
- Gymnasium
- Spa Treatments
- Bushwalking
Eligibility Requirements
- Must be 18-30 years old
- Be a citizen of: United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Chile, Republic of Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Republic of Ireland, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Taiwan, Thailand, Uruguay or Turkey
- Kitchen and Chef experience
Score this job for free!
U.S. & UK citizens can defer the program fee by using our TaxBack option. Your only upfront fee will be the small application deposit and your ticket to Australia, which will be recovered with your tax refund at the end of your work experience, making this a zero cost endeavor!
More information on the program fee deferment and tax refund can be found at:
Australia Program Fee Deferment & Expected Tax Refund


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Forest Champions
During the six years we worked to secure ownership of the forest We enlisted two extra supporters for our efforts. Noted conservationist Sir John Lister-Kaye and land reform campaigner and historian Professor James Hunter both put their full weight behind Aigas Community Forest and agreed to act as Forest Champions.
Sir John Lister-Kaye has a 30 year career in nature conservation and is a successful author and businessman. As Environmental Forest Champion he endorses the community's plans for managing the forest; - 'I firmly believe that imaginative community ownership would permit creative management of the forest for the best interests of nature conservation, environmental education and local recreation ......
Professor Hunter is a historian and writer and has been an active campaigner for land reform for many years. As Social Forest Champion he believes that community ownership of Aigas Forest will bring a range of benefits; - 'Over the last twenty or so years, many Highlands and Islands communities have taken ownership of local land and other assets. The people involved in the Aigas Community Forest initiative are anxious to have exactly this sort of responsibility......
Read the full text of their statements of support:
Help Aigas Community Forest
Make a donation to Aigas Community Forest securely on-line at Virgin Money Giving.


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To View Your Photos Click Here
Trust McNeil Photography to capture all of your most cherished memories such as graduations, class reunions, weddings, corporate photography, portraits, youth sports photography, and other various events. Based in Houston, Texas, we are event photographers providing portraits and candid photos for all kinds of special life events. We offer professional photography services at competitive prices.
We offer a wide variety of photography options, including black and white, color, sepia prints, candid portraits, wedding albums, and digital pictures. Our photographers use only high-quality Fuji™ and Nikon™ Professional cameras for photos that are as technically sound as they are creative.
McNeil Photography captures your graduation, wedding, and many other special events. Contact us at (713) 451-5200 in Houston, TX.
More Than 20 Years of Experience
Thank you for your interest. Please reach out with questions or comments using the information below. We look forward to hearing from you.
Phone(713) 451-5200
Service Area: Proudly Serving the Greater Houston Area
Hours of Operation:Monday – Friday: 10:00 a – 8:00 pSaturday & Sunday By Appointment


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|The ZIMBABWE Situation
thoughts and prayers are with Zimbabwe
- may peace, truth and justice prevail.
770 commuter omnibus operators arrested, fined
BULAWAYO -- About 200 people expelled to rural areas under the governments controversial urban clean-up campaign have flocked back to squatter camps near Bulawayo city because there is no food in the villages.
Church leaders in Zimbabwes second largest city on Tuesday said dozens of families forcibly evicted by the government from Killarney and Ngozi Mine squatter camps, just outside Bulawayo, were back at the sites rebuilding their destroyed shacks.
A spokesman of Churches in Bulawayo (CIB), grouping together several religious organisations helping the displaced people, predicted many of the people evicted from shantytown homes and city backyard cottages would return to the city in the coming days.
At the moment, about 200 people are back in these camps (Ngozi and Killarney) but the number is likely to rise as we continue to get reports of people literally struggling to make ends meet in the rural areas, the CIB official Paterson Netha, said.
He added: Those that we have spoken to say there is no food where they had been resettled. Others say local chiefs met them with a hostile attitude.
The church official urged the government to abandon rhetoric and appeal to the international community for food aid for the displaced people.
According to United Nations envoy Anna Tibaijuka, at least 700 000 people were left homeless and without food or income after the government destroyed thousands of homes and informal business kiosks in a campaign President Robert Mugabe has said was necessary to smash crime and restore the beauty of Zimbabwes cities and towns.
Tibaijuka said another 2.4 million people were also affected by the clean-up campaign codenamed Operation Murmbatsvina (Operation Drive out Filth) by the state.
The UN envoy, who said the government exercise may have violated international law, said it had also worsened the humanitarian situation in Zimbabwe where four million people or a third of the countrys population were already facing starvation after a poor harvest last farming season.
The Harare administration has complicated the hunger situation by placing obstacles to outside help for the victims of its clean-up exercise. More than 30 tonnes of food donated by the South African Council of Churches took more than a month before the food could be handed over to hungry people because the authorities would not timeously clear the aid.
Mugabe, who earlier this week criticised the United States for focusing on the Zimbabwe home demolitions while neglecting its own victims of Hurricane Katrina in the US Gulf Coast, has also blocked efforts by the UN to raise US$30 million worth of aid for victims of the clean-up campaign.
But the UN is expected to send a top official to Harare in the coming weeks to negotiate with Mugabes government to let in humanitarian aid from the world body. - ZimOnline
|HARARE The Zimbabwe dollar on Tuesday lost heavily
against the United States dollar on the countrys foreign currency parallel
market as the hard cash-spinning tobacco auction season came to a close on a
dull note.
The parallel market, thriving on the back of deepening forex shortages, is illegal but remains the only reliable source of hard cash in the troubled southern African nation.
The embattled dollar shed 18 percent to trade at $65 000 to the greenback while it sold for marginally above $26 000 on the official market which as usual was dry of hard cash.
The gap between official and parallel market rates has continued to widen on the back of rising demand for hard cash amid declining output in foreign currency-earning products.
For example, the tobacco selling season, which normally brings relief to the forex-starved Zimbabweans, came to a close yesterday after 116 days of trade and with only 70 kilogrammes of tobacco worth US$114 million sold.
The tobacco auction floors shall however re-open for mop-up sales later in the year. But data from the floors showed that the 2005 season was just 1.5 percent above the 2004 selling season when a 69 million kg valued at US$137 million were sold.
This year's earnings were 17 percent less than last year due to the poor quality of leaf which fetched less on the market.
Meanwhile, a 30 percent decline in tobacco seed sales ahead of the 2005/2006 season is a sure sign output will plummet further.
Shortages of seedbed chemicals, fertilisers, tractive power, fuel and oils and the availability of cost-effective coal were other obstacles to increased tobacco production next year.
Production in Zimbabwes mainstay agriculture sector has dramatically dropped since President Robert Mugabe began seizing land from white farmers five years ago. - ZimOnline
HARARE Zimbabwes top official in charge of land redistribution on Tuesday said Harare would now disregard bilateral agreements protecting foreign-owned property to seize all land owned by foreigners in a fresh faster-track land reform exercise.
State Security Minister Didymus Mutasa, who also oversees land reform and food aid distribution, said most of the land still not in the hands of the government was owned by mostly white foreigners.
Harare will repossess land from foreigners, in disregard of agreements with other governments protecting their nationals investments in Zimbabwe, Mutasa told ZimOnline.
He said: "Most of the land not in our hands is under the ownership of foreigners. Most of them are white so why should we do them any favours?
We will now move to disregard any bilateral agreements and take over those farms because the owners are absentee landlords anyway. We are now in a mode called faster-track land reform."
No new laws will be enacted to empower the government to seize foreign-owned land after President Robert Mugabe earlier this month signed into law constitutional amendments giving his administration sweeping powers to grab land and bar owners from contesting in court seizure of their land by the state.
The planned land seizures, which Mutasa said would affect all foreign land owners regardless of their country of origin, are most likely to anger regional powerhouse South Africa which repeatedly assured its nationals owning land in Zimbabwe that their property was protected under a Bilateral Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement with Harare.
We are blind to nationality. What we just want is enough land for Zimbabweans, said Mutasa, who has already visited Masvingo and Manicaland provinces and is set to visit remaining provinces to tell governors and administrators to speed up seizure of farmland still outside state hands, including that owned by foreigners.
South Africa, which is Mugabes most important regional ally, does not agree with the veteran leaders land redistribution method but has refused to publicly condemn the land seizures.
Zimbabwe has grappled severe food shortages for the last five years which are largely blamed on Mugabes chaotic and often violent seizure of productive land for redistribution to landless blacks. Mugabe denies his farm seizure programme caused food shortages instead blaming poor weather. - ZimOnline
|KAROI Police on Tuesday arrested a newly resettled
farmer in Karoi town 204km north-west of Harare after he fatally assaulted a man
for allegedly stealing his maize.
The farmer, Tendaupenyu Nyahoda, is expected to appear in court soon to face a murder charge.
Sources in the small farming town of Karoi said yesterday that Nyahoda severely assaulted the deceased Choice Nyamasunzu, who was part of a three-man gang, after they were caught stealing three buckets of shelled maize.
Nyamasunzu is said to have died of his injuries after the severe assault. His other two colleagues, Vheka Tafirei and Knowledge Kapesa are still recuperating at Karoi hospital in the town.
Police spokesperson for the area Chief Superintendent John Masuka confirmed the incident saying: We have arrested a farmer in connection with the murder and he will appear in court soon."
One of the assaulted suspects, Kapesa, who is still recuperating at Karoi hospital after the assault, said they had been driven by hunger to steal.
I had to go there because I needed to feed my wife and brother, said Kapesa.
At least four million Zimbabweans are facing starvation after President Robert Mugabe disrupted the key agricultural sector five years ago through his violent seizure of white-owned commercial farms. Mugabe denies the charge blaming the countrys food shortages on drought.
The Zimbabwean leader at the weekend insisted that there were no food shortages in the country saying his people were very, very happy. ZimOnline
|HARARE British-based property baron Nicholas van
Hoogstraten continues to increase his stranglehold on the tottering Zimbabwean
economy amid revelations that he now controls a large chunk of shares in one of
the countrys biggest agro-industrial firms, CFI Limited.
A close ally of President Robert Mugabe, van Hoogstraten now owns about 7 percent of the export-oriented CFI Limited through his United Kingdom-based Messina Investments. That makes him the second largest shareholder after SMM Holdings, which controls almost 40 percent of the Harare-based CFI.
According to stockbrokers, the British businessman controls more than 34 million shares or 6.97 percent of CFI. The shares have been acquired during the past few months as van Hoogstraten tries to wrestle control of key economic sectors.
It looks like he is using his links to the political establishment and the economic crisis in the country to establish himself as a dominant business force here, a stockbroker told Zimonline yesterday.
Van Hoogstraten was in the news a few months ago after he again snapped huge chunks of shares to become the single largest shareholder in NMB Bank Limited and Hwange Colliery. He controls 32 percent of coal producer Hwange and about 20 percent of the up-market NMB.
A businessman who once described Mugabe as 100 percent decent and incorruptible, van Hoogstraten has courted controversy in the past due to his open support for the Harare authorities.
For his support of the Mugabe regime, his farm has been spared from the land grab that affected thousands of other white landowners. - ZimOnline
|HARARE Three months after their shanty homes and
backyard cottages were razed down in a ruthless government urban clean-up
campaign, residents of Harare are still battling to come to terms with the sheer
amount of rubble left behind by the military-style operation.
Walking through many of the capitals low-income suburbs, hardest hit by the controversial urban renewal exercise, one would be forgiven for thinking they were walking through Americas New Orleans city after Hurricane Katrina.
For example, at one spot in Harares oldest suburb of Mbare an assortment of grey cement bricks and pieces of broken furniture rises to as high as two metres.
But ones eye is quickly drawn away from the brick and broken wood monument to a mountain of rotten garbage of what used to be an informal vegetable market that was knocked down by government bulldozers.
To many here, the rubble and rubbish rotting in the open is a constant reminder of how in one stroke the government wrecked apart their lives when it destroyed their homes and informal business kiosks in a campaign that the United Nations says cast at least 700 000 people onto the streets without shelter, food or income.
But to many others, the rubble is also a reminder that the objective of the government exercise was never really to clean up cities and towns.
Otherwise if the government and municipality were serious about cleaning up, then we would not be having all this rubbish piled up for over three months now, an elderly-looking Esnath Phiri from Mbares Beatrice Cottages section said with a sweeping wave at the garbage heap.
Phiri is not alone in seeing an unholy ulterior motive in the clean-up exercise that was condemned by the UN, Western governments, local and international human rights groups as a gross violation of poor peoples rights.
President Robert Mugabe has defended the clean-up exercise as necessary to smash crime and an illegal black market that was thriving among informal traders. The campaign was also critical to restoring the beauty of Zimbabwes cities and towns, the veteran leader insists.
But ask the next man or woman on the streets of Harare or any of Zimbabwes cities and with all the conviction they can muster, they will tell you that the clean-up exercise was merely a pretext to punish urban residents for rejecting Mugabe and his ruling ZANU PF party in last Marchs disputed general election.
This strongly held perception is by no small measure also because the main opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) party, which enjoys more support in urban areas, has publicly claimed the government exercise was a vengeful campaign against its supporters.
Mugabes ZANU PF party won a landslide victory in the election, garnering 78 out of the 120 contested parliamentary seats against the MDCs 41.
The ruling party however dismally lost in Harare and other major cities such as Bulawayo, Mutare, Gweru, Chitungwiza and Masvingo where the MDC virtually swept all the seats in the six cities where the governments clean-up campaign was harshest.
The government rejects claims it destroyed homes in urban areas to punish residents for voting for the MDC.
To prove the campaign was not selective, government officials often cite the case of Whitecliff Farm settlement on Harares south-western border where police bulldozers razed down homes belonging to veterans of Zimbabwes 1970s independence war who are known to support Mugabe and ZANU PF.
And more important, according to a massive propaganda campaign directed by the mandarins at the state information desk, the government has a fresh campaign cynically code-named Operation Garikai (Stay well) to build homes for all who were left without shelter by Operation Murambatsvina (Clean-Up).
This is despite the fact that the government is virtually broke and does not have enough money to build houses for the 700 000 homeless people.
At Harares Town House administrative headquarters, one is however quickly disabused of any notion that the authorities out of remorse will somehow find the resources to clean up the rubble and even do more by building houses for people whose homes they destroyed.
Here one comes face to face with that same cold arrogance that characterised the home demolition campaign.
For example, this is how Harare city council spokesman Leslie Gwindi curtly explained the municipalitys solution to the rubble problem: Where we find that people have not been creative in removing rubble, we have fines.
Tell this to Boniface Mangwiro, another Mbare resident, and he is left even more convinced there was more to Murambatsvina than merely cleaning up the neighbourhood.
He explains: The city council should have removed the rubble as quickly as they ordered the destruction of the buildings. They cannot expect us poor property owners to hire trucks to remove this especially with the current fuel shortages. We cannot afford it. - ZimOnline
|HARARE A bright morning sun cut a shining path across
the clear sky. Its soft rays picked out a queue of vehicles parked
bumper-to-bumper, as Zimbabwes fuel-starved drivers would put it.
It was still very early on a Tuesday morning. But there were already several hundred vehicles of all makes from the latest Mercedes Benz and BMW 4 x 4 sport utility vehicles to the old and creaky French-made Peugeot jalopies, once Zimbabwes first choice public taxis a few years ago.
The queue of vehicles snaked along from the entrance to the garage along the busy Samora Machel Avenue, wriggled past a dirty cluster of buildings and kept going for several hundred metres. It was literally growing by the minute.
Welcome to Wedzera Service Station, a few kilometres outside central Harare and one of only a handful of garages with special permission to sell scarce fuel in hard currency.
We had set out very early, several hours before daybreak, on assignment to gauge the extent of Zimbabwes fuel troubles that began after the International Monetary Fund withdrew financial assistance to the country six years ago and have worsened in recent months.
After checking out several garages, including some owned by senior politicians of President Robert Mugabes government but all which did not have fuel, we ended at Wedzera which by the look of things seemed the only one selling fuel in town.
We must have been more than a hundred cars away from the pumps when we joined the queue at around 8 oclock in the morning. But the queue was moving at a surprisingly brisk pace.
At this rate by midday, we will have filled up our cars, optimistically predicted, Samson Chirunga, the old man we befriended on the queue.
For several hours it looked like Chirunga was right, until the garage supervisor appeared just as the hour hand stroke 12.
We have no more petrol or diesel, the supervisor announced. His cold and casual demeanor giving the impression he was so used to disappointing motorists with these sort of announcements.
We expect more supplies before the end of the day, he said, apparently uninterested whether his audience believed it or not.
By 6pm, still no fuel had been delivered to the garage. We kept waiting. In fact, the queue kept growing with more cars pulling up despite the fact that there was no fuel at the garage and no one knew when exactly it would be available it can get that desperate for Zimbabwes long suffering motorists.
Finally, just before midnight, a fuel tanker pulled up to replenish the stocks. That however did not mean immediate respite for the waiting motorists because there was no one to serve us since the fuel attendants had knocked off about fours hours earlier at 8pm.
We had to endure the long night by the garage!
At 7.30am on the dot, when the garage opens for business, the jostling began as we moved bumper-to-bumper to the pumps, all the while holding ones breath that yesterdays misfortune when the pumps ran dry before we had our turn to fill up would not be repeated.
We entered the garage courtyard by 10am and thirty minutes later, we handed in our fuel coupons to have our 60-litre car filled up at US$1 per litre and what a relief!
As we drove off past the long queue of hundreds of cars waiting their turn to refill, one could not help but wonder at the irony of it all.
Zimbabwes deepening fuel crisis was itself a result of an acute shortage of foreign currency. Apart from fuel, food, essential medical drugs, electricity, machine spares for industry and almost every other basic commodity is in critical short supply in the country because there is no hard cash to pay foreign suppliers.
Mugabe and his government may not have any foreign currency reserves to speak of. But clearly, ordinary Zimbabweans are awash with foreign currency if the near-stampede to pay US dollars for fuel at Wedzera is anything to go by. - ZimOnline
|Iden Wetherell's opinion piece "Where is the yellow
card?" in the Mail and Guardian (3 September) cannot go unanswered. It is argued
that we should have given the Mugabe regime a yellow card prior to making the
collective decision to suspend participation in all elections pending its
compliance with the principles agreed to by SADC in Mauritius. We disagree;
countless yellow cards have long since been issued.
Since the June 2000 parliamentary elections the MDC has used the courts to expose flaws in Zimbabwe's electoral system. In parliament the MDC caucus has, for the past four years, done all in its power to urge the ruling party to support the need for legislative and constitutional reforms aimed at restoring the integrity of the electoral process. This fell on deaf ears. Similarly, in the aftermath of the disputed March 2002 Presidential election, the recommendations contained in the reports compiled by the South African Observer Mission, the Commonwealth Observer Mission and the SADC Parliamentary Forum, which called for urgent reforms to restore transparency and fairness in the electoral process, fell on deaf ears. These were symbolic yellow cards issued by the international community yet the regime opted to bury its head in the sand. The clear lack of political will on the government's part to take the necessary steps to restore genuine democratic elections in Zimbabwe prompted the MDC, earlier this year, to publish its document entitled 'Restore', containing the party's minimum standards for elections. The party made it clear to the regime that its participation in the March 2005 parliamentary elections was conditional on the government's satisfactorily implementing these minimum standards. In the absence of these fundamental benchmarks, the MDC concluded, it would be inadvertently legitimising another flawed election by participating under the current conditions. This would be a betrayal of the people of Zimbabwe who fought a liberation war to gain the basic right to freely choose a government of their choice in a free and fair election and thereby influence the type of society in which they wish to live.
"Restore", not only sets out the political reforms necessary to create the democratic conditions for a legitimate poll but also sets
out the electoral reforms necessary to create a legal, institutional and administrative electoral framework that harnesses transparency and fairness. Since the publication of "Restore" the MDC has conducted a vigorous campaign both inside the country and within the region to bring pressure to bear on the regime to implement the MDC's minimum standards. On 20th July, Mugabe, in his speech marking the opening of parliament, announced that a number of electoral reforms would be introduced that would level the electoral playing field. Mugabe and Zanu PF disingenuously claimed that these reforms
(which include the establishment of a new Zimbabwe Electoral Commission, the reduction of polling days from two days to one and the counting of votes at polling stations) would address the MDC's demands. As we said at the time, these proposed reforms only partly address our minimum standards pertaining to improving the transparency and fairness of procedures governing the polling day. On the whole they are woefully inadequate and fail to even touch on the crucial issue of opening up the political space and ending political violence. What the ruling party's proposals clearly demonstrate is that they view an election as an event as opposed to a process.
It is this politically expedient definition of what constitutes an election that received an unequivocal "yellow card" in Mauritius.
The comprehensive set of guidelines and principles that were agreed upon in Mauritius captured the essential elements of "Restore", in particular the recognition that a free and fair election is not possible when the political space has been all but closed down. This was a symbolic victory for the MDC. When Mugabe signed the protocol he was technically committing himself to implementing the MDC's minimum standards. In theory at last, our "yellow card" in the form of "Restore" produced a very positive result indeed. The reality, however is different. In the immediate aftermath of his return from Mauritius, Mugabe and his regime quashed any hopes that they would act in the spirit and letter of the agreement by gazetting a draft NGO bill containing provisions which continue the government's sustained determination to crush all organised centres of opinion opposed to the regime. This for the MDC was the final straw. In the absence of any evidence that the government intends to comply in
full with the SADC elections charter the MDC decided to draw a line in the sand and say enough is enough. With less than 7 months until the elections there is insufficient time to wave any more yellow cards. Moreover, the timing of our decision was also influenced by the fact that nomination day for a by-election was due on September 3 and we had to make a decision prior to that day. Had we not made a decision before that day the region could have assumed that we believed that the Mauritius principles were in the process of being implemented in Zimbabwe.
The timing also has to be seen in the context of what has been stated in the region about the issue of negotiations between Zanu PF and MDC. For over a year we have been told that we are engaged in informal negotiations with Zanu PF when that is not true. A real fear we had was that Zanu PF's compliance, or rather non compliance, with the Mauritius principles would be fudged, as would our "acceptance" that Zimbabwe's electoral system now complied with the Mauritius principles. We had to make it clear, emphatically, urgently and unequivocally, that our electoral system does not, and will not, even in the event of Mugabe's proposed changes being implemented, comply with the Mauritius principles. Aidan Wetherell's article suggests that we should have used the next few months to prove that Zimbabwe's electoral environment does not comply with the
Mauritius principles. That however is precisely what the Mugabe regime wants us to do. It would, no doubt, be happy to implement meaningful reforms a month prior to the elections which would not result in a free and fair election. Zimbabweans have been deeply traumatised during the last 5 years and need a peaceful period of at least 6 months prior to the elections to feel confident to exercise their vote meaningfully. For all the government's claims that the MDC is dead and that they can run an election without us, Zanu PF can never claim legitimacy unless the MDC participates. Whilst the MDC could have been ignored in 2000 it is now recognised regionally and internationally as a credible political party and to that extent its participation in the 2005 election is critical to both Zanu PF and SADC if Zimbabwe's crisis is to be resolved.
To that extent it was critically important that we indicated to SADC as soon as possible that we were not prepared to participate in this charade any longer and that they should bring the Mugabe regime to book as quickly as possible to resolve the crisis. The onus is now on SADC to ensure that the Mugabe regime fully complies with its obligations under SADC elections' protocol. A failure to do so would put SADC's credibility on the line. It is suggested that what is required is for the MDC to test the water. That precisely is what we will be doing. We will be testing the regime's sincerity in the course of the next few months in Parliament, in the courts and in the media. At every turn we intend explaining to the Zimbabwean
electorate and SADC why it is that the NGO bill, Zanu PF's proposed reforms, and existing draconian legislation that severely curtails our fundamental rights are wholly incompatible with the Mauritius principles. Finally, Wetherell's article suggests that we are somehow disengaging from the political discourse. Nothing could be further from the truth. We are suspending our involvement in the electoral process pending Zimbabwe's compliance with the Mauritius principles. That is very different to suspending our involvement in the political process. We are actively identifying candidates for the 2005 parliamentary election. We will be vigorously participating in Parliament and organizing our structures in anticipation of the Mugabe regime being forced to comply fully with these wonderful new SADC standards.
David Coltart is the MDC's secretary for Legal Affairs and Shadow Justice Minister
|Assuming there was a Nobel Prize for hypocrisy and
arrogance, Prof. Jonathan Moyo, the Zimbabwe Minister of State for Information
and Publicity in the Office of the President would qualify with a distinction.
He deserves the biscuit for abandoning his earlier crusade as an opponent of
government's propensity to stifle media freedom.
In his yesteryears as an academic, Prof. Moyo accused the government-controlled media of failing the nation. "Their brief is to report ZANU PF affairs as if the ruling party is greater than the nation" Prof. Moyo wrote in the then privately owned Financial Gazette in 1992, adding that this journalistic docility sometimes took on disgusting proportions, "as when the media reports whatever Mr. Mugabe says and wherever he says it without analyzing its contents. Presumably, this is in keeping with the ZANU PF doctrine of presidential infallibility," he lamented.
The paradigm has changed for Prof. Moyo. His new pre-occupation with ZANU (PF) is like reading Dr. Faust's classic tale about the highly intelligent professor who signs a pact with the devil in return for infinite wisdom and power; more like doing a bad thing for a good reason.
First, he surprised many by joining ZANU (PF), the party he once denounced as authoritarian and for this bold move, Prof Moyo was rewarded. Today, he is ZANU (PF)'s information and publicity secretary, a presidential appointee to parliament and government minister solely responsible for policy and regulation of all media in Zimbabwe.
Ironically, in his short term as a minister, Prof. Moyo has authored media laws considered by many commentators as the most repressive in the history of post-independence Zimbabwe. A case in point is the enactment of the Access to Information and Protection of Privacy Act (AIPPA), without any broad consultation with the 'nation'. AAIPA was an offer that the majority of freedom loving journalists in Zimbabwe couldn't possibly accept and for this the scribes are paying a heavy prize. AAIPA has put more and more journalists in prison, a great number of them for crimes related to their professional livelihood. The Zimbabwe Chapter of the Media Institute for Southern Africa (MISA) reports that more than thirty- (30) journalists were detained or charged from January 2003 to date, for contravening sections of AAIPA. This is intriguing, given Prof Moyo's well documented past as a 'freedom loving academic'. His turn-around logic translates to a 'Thank you very much. It was important that you were mobilized then, but now that l am in power on your behalf, you either shut-up or face-up".
According to MISA-Zimbabwe, AAIPA does not provide the public with access to any real and relevant information. "In reality the Act's purpose is protecting the institution of the government from scrutiny by prohibiting and heavily penalizing public/media inquiry and scrutiny into its affairs, and in addition by an unrestrained control over journalists and media companies", argues MISA.
Prof Moyo posits that unless the police and courts aggressively crack down what they term 'anti-government press', social cohesion would degenerate into anarchy. He argues that even the constitutionally contested legal provisions such as journalists not registering with the MIC, contribute to an anything goes atmosphere in which serious social disobedience would proliferate.
In all Prof. Moyo has said or done, he has claimed adherence to the treasured philosophy of 'public or national interest'. However, it is precisely his definition of what is in the public interest that is contested.
Further, Prof. Moyo has positioned himself as the embodiment of the nation or the public's negotiator, who represents the nation's interests, our interests. But who really should define for media operators and journalists what is in the public or national interest? In the case of Zimbabwe, Prof. Moyo has claimed the right to singularly define the national or public interest. He then expects the media to uphold his definition without question. This attitude confirms the most lurid of scare stories about party functionaries running out of control. Sadly for Prof. Moyo, it has been hard to find Zimbabweans who do not see AAIPA as a repressive legislation that is either undesirable or unjust. What is worse is that several prominent ZANUPF supporters, recognizing that AAIPA threatens the sustainability of their own media enterprises, the party and government, are slowly distancing themselves from Prof. Moyo's position.
Certainly, hope is not all lost. First, if in the past, Prof. Moyo was able to change his mind, he can do it again. Second, much as lasting damage has been inflicted to Zimbabwe's reputation as a thriving democracy, it seems there has not been much success in destroying the hopes of all freedom and peace-loving journalists who now realize that defending the public or national interests may mean challenging the government and public officials of the day. That is precisely what Prof. Jonathan Moyo did in his past life.


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HARRISBURG – Ninety-five schools, universities, non-profit groups and conservation districts will receive more than $382,000 in Environmental Education grants for projects that will educate Pennsylvanians about important issues such as renewable energy, water conservation, air quality and climate change, Department of Environmental Protection Secretary John Hanger said today.
"It's important that we make environmental education a life-long learning experience," said Hanger. "These grants will fund innovative projects and workshops aimed at conservation and resource management that provide young adults, families and communities with the tools and resources they need to be successful stewards of our environment."
Grants announced today will fund such projects as conducting teacher workshops and developing curricula on alternative energy, installing rain gardens and barrels to demonstrate stormwater management practices, and coordinating native plant workshops for homeowners to promote the use of native plants in residential landscaping.
The grant program was established by the Environmental Education Act of 1993, which mandates setting aside 5 percent of the pollution fines and penalties DEP collects annually for environmental education in Pennsylvania. Since then, DEP has awarded more than $7 million in grants to support the environmental education efforts of schools, county conservation districts and other nonprofit organizations throughout Pennsylvania.
For more information on environmental education, visit www.depweb.state.pa.us, keyword: EE Grants.
Media contact: Susan Rickens, 717-787-1323
Editor's Note: The following is a list, by county, of the $382,158 awarded in Environmental Education Grants:
Adams County
Gettysburg College, Gettysburg — $5,368 for the college's Advancing Science program to coordinate workshops for K-12 teachers on alternative energy. The college also will conduct a workshop for teachers and students on the Chesapeake Bay watershed.
Allegheny County
Forbes Road Career and Technology Center, Monroeville — $7,500 to develop a renewable energy curriculum and implement a wind and solar energy training system with online monitoring. The center will publish the curriculum online and facilitate renewable energy field trips.
Pittsburgh Regional Center for Science Teachers, Pittsburgh — $7,244 to coordinate a professional development program for K-12 teachers on climate change and its environmental health impacts.
Urban League of Greater Pittsburgh Charter School, Pittsburgh — $3,000 for the school to design, use and maintain an outdoor learning area for students with the help of teachers, parents and other volunteers.
Group Against Smog and Pollution Inc., Pittsburgh — $6,903 to coordinate a program to increase awareness about the health hazards of wood smoke, including developing a table display for community events; creating brochures, posters and fact sheets; conducting educational presentations for municipal leaders and police officers; and coordinating Christmas tree recycling events.
Earth Force Inc. (dba Three Rivers Earth Force), Pittsburgh — $6,800 to coordinate a teacher workshop titled "Where Does the Water Go: A Watershed Experience for Teachers and Students." Three Rivers Earth Force also will conduct classroom visits and field trips related to water quality monitoring and nonpoint source pollution in the Nine Mile Run watershed area.
Chatham University, Pittsburgh — $6,285 to develop a rainwater management education program by installing a rain barrel and rain garden, creating a campus map of stormwater management practices and developing a course.
Zoological Society of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh — $3,750 for the Pittsburgh Zoo & PPG Aquarium to develop and coordinate workshops for grade kindergarten through sixth grade teachers to increase the understanding of pollinators as an integral part of ecosystems.
Nine Mile Run Watershed Association Inc., Wilkinsburg — $3,750 for the Nine Mile Run Watershed Association and the Western Pennsylvania School for the Deaf to create a program that provides watershed-related environmental education opportunities with active involvement for deaf and hard-of-hearing students.
Beaver County
Beaver County Conservation District, Independence Township — $3,886 to install working examples of stormwater management techniques, including a rain garden, small green roof demonstration, rain barrels and accompanying educational signage. The conservation district also will coordinate stormwater management workshops.
Pennsylvania Association of Environmental Educators, Beaver Falls — $7,500 for a program titled, "No Student Left Indoors." PAEE will offer three seminars to instruct teachers in best practices for taking students outdoors for environmental education classes.
Berks County
Reading Area Community College, Reading — $2,976 to college to develop and implement six self-directed outdoor activities using GPS technology focused on Berks County's forest resources for students in environmental science classes along with two half-day faculty workshops.
Maiden Creek Watershed Association, Kutztown — $2,000 for the association to install a demonstration rain garden and rain barrel with accompanying educational programs to educate students, teachers and residents about stormwater management.
Berks Solar LLC, Mertztown — $2,500 to provide home electricity conservation kits for loan in county public libraries, the Governor Mifflin High School library, the Berks County Community Foundation and the Nolde Forest Environmental Education Center, along with coordinating training workshops on home electricity auditing, conservation and solar electricity.
Blair County
Blair County Conservation District, Hollidaysburg — $3,000 for the conservation district to work with sixth grade students to plant a riparian buffer area with city officials, monitor the water quality of Mill Run and coordinate a riparian buffer workshop.
Bucks County
Delaware River Shad Fishermen's Association, Inc., Solebury Township — $1,794 for the association to implement the "Shad in Schools" program where teachers and students hatch and raise American Shad in classrooms for release into the Delaware River.
Bucks County Conservation District, Hilltown — $3,750 to coordinate an equine environmental stewardship short course for horse operations to identify feasible solutions for water quality and pasture management issues.
Butler County
Cranberry Township, Cranberry Township — $3,750 for the township to partner with the Seneca Valley School District and the Haine Middle School to develop a portable rain barrel demonstration and conduct rain barrel classroom programs.
Stream Restoration Inc., Adams Township — $3,750 to coordinate the Port of Pittsburgh-Ohio River Watershed Celebration: Imagination Cruise, an annual watershed educational event for students, parents and educators.
Cambria County
Saint Francis University, Loretto — $3,000 for the university's Renewable Energy Center to install energy monitoring software with web-connected meters into campus residence halls; coordinate an energy conservation competition with educational presentations to students; and incorporate program into Environmental Engineering and Environmental Science classes.
Carbon County
Panther Valley School District, Summit Hill — $3,000 for the school to expand its recycling program, develop recycling educational lessons for student peer-teaching, establish a recycling and environmental curriculum for classroom instruction, and increase recycling awareness.
Centre County
St. John Evangelist School, Bellefonte — $3,000 for the school to create an outdoor environmental sustainability center by installing rain barrels and composting bins, along with other activities.
Penn State University, University Park — $3,000 for a summer research experience in green chemistry. In partnership with the Upward Bound Math and Science Center, students will conduct hands-on research and make public presentations related to environmental/green chemistry as part of a six-week residential program.
Young Scholars of Central Pennsylvania Charter School, College Township — $2,570 for the school to develop and implement a hands-on educational unit about watersheds and wetlands for the fourth and eighth grade students.
Chester County
Coatesville Area Public Library, Coatesville — $3,000 for the library to coordinate a carbon-cutting outreach program in the schools along with mini-grants for student-led service learning projects.
Clarion County
Clarion University of Pennsylvania, Clarion — $3,750 for hands-on activities to be incorporated into the university's Physics of Energy and the Environment course.
Clinton County
Trout Unlimited Inc., Lock Haven — $3,750 to coordinate a series of classroom education programs and field trips for middle and high school students about abandoned mine drainage problems, remediation activities and their economic benefit.
Columbia County
Bloomsburg University, Bloomsburg — $7,100 for the university to expand its biodiesel production facility to showcase alternative energy technologies for students and other businesses and organizations.
Crawford County
Allegheny College, Meadville –$3,000 for the college to install a demonstration aquaponics system in the Meadville Market House with presentations, school field trips and an increased awareness of how local foods and businesses contribute to environmental sustainability.
Crawford County Conservation District, Woodcock Township — $3,501 to coordinate hands-on conservation education programs into classrooms for kindergarten through second grades.
Cumberland County
Carlisle Area School District, Carlisle — $3,000 for students to participate in educational programs and activities on solar and wind energy, alternative transportation fuels and green building practices.
Mechanicsburg Area School District, Upper Allen Township –$7,500 for the district's Trails and Trees Environmental Center to develop a small batch biodiesel production operation and coordinate accompanying educational programs.
Camp Hill School District, Camp Hill — $3,000 for sixth grade students to participate in a hands-on outdoor education program focused on various environmental science topics, including energy and water conservation, alternative energy, ornithology, ecology, geology and more.
Dauphin County
Lower Dauphin School District, Hummelstown — $3,000 to enhance an on-site rain garden by installing rain barrels and coordinating a composting program.
Pennsylvania Organization for Watersheds and Rivers Inc., Harrisburg — $3,750 to develop an online resource for watershed associations and the public to learn about water resource topics and organizational development.
Ned Smith Center for Nature and Art, Upper Paxton Township — $3,000 to create watershed conservation and aquatic ecosystem teaching kits that will be available on loan with materials, lesson plans and activities for elementary and middle school teachers.
Delaware County
Stratford Friends School, Newtown Township — $3,000 for the school to create a native woodland garden with related educational lessons and field trips for students.
Delaware County Conservation District, Upper Providence — $3,000 to partner with the Pennsylvania Resources Council to offer workshops for homeowners, businesses and municipal officials on water conservation and stormwater management.
Erie County
Northwest Tri-County Intermediate Unit #5, Erie — $7,500 to partner with Gannon University to coordinate a two-week program on environmental health issues and career opportunities for 50 high school students.
Northwest Tri-County Intermediate Unit #5, Mill Creek — $3,650 to offer scholarships to cover transportation for environmental field trips for school districts in Erie, Crawford and Warren counties.
Erie City School District, Erie — $3,000 to coordinate field trips and purchase light and watt meters to conduct energy audits in Erie City School District buildings.
Earth Force Inc. (dba Lake Erie-Allegheny Earth Force), Millcreek Township — $6,773 to conduct educator workshops and classroom presentations on sustainable energy sources and technologies.
Fayette County
Fayette County Conservation District, North Union Township — $3,750 to coordinate "Exploring the Wonders of Water," where students in kindergarten through eighth grades participate in water-related classroom and field trip programs.
Franklin County
Chambersburg Area School District, Chambersburg — $4,500 to design and install a rain garden on school grounds to manage stormwater and integrate it into the curriculum.
Greene County
Carmichaels Area School District, Cumberland Township — $3,000 to coordinate field trips where students will assess biodiversity at various nature centers, including forest composition, soil properties, wildlife signs and water quality.
Lackawanna County
Marywood University, Scranton — $3,000 to coordinate a multi-day watershed workshop for middle and high school teachers in northeastern Pennsylvania.
Lackawanna Heritage Valley Authority, Scranton — $3,750 to host a workshop, "Land and Water Choices in the Lackawanna Heritage Valley — A Workshop for Educators," and develop and circulate an accompanying "Watershed and Land Choice Traveling Trunk" with educational resources.
Lackawanna County Conservation District, Mayfield — $2,025 to work with regional partners to coordinate a watershed bus tour for county, municipal officials and the general public.
Keystone College, La Plume — $3,750 to update the Tunkhannock Creek Watershed Atlas website and classroom maps, distribute watershed stewardship education materials to schools and update the Watershed Explorers Course.
Lancaster County
Ephrata Area School District, Ephrata — $3,000 to purchase air quality monitoring equipment and education resources to conduct ozone level studies for the chemistry and environmental science classes.
Thaddeus Stevens College of Technology, Lancaster — $7,500 to develop a portable laboratory to demonstrate solar electric technologies and train technicians.
Lancaster Investment in a Vibrant Economy, Lancaster — $7,500 to coordinate a series of four workshops and distribute 200 trees to promote native tree plantings in Lancaster.
Brubaker Farms, East Donegal Township — $3,750 to conduct educational sessions for Lancaster County students and businesses, including farmers and municipal leaders, focusing on farm conservation practices and renewable energy solutions.
Lawrence County
Lawrence County Conservation District, New Castle — $5,800 to coordinate a pharmaceutical collection and outreach program to educate and ensure proper handling and disposal of unwanted medicines.
Westminster College, New Wilmington — $6,990 to enhance sustainability education for students in kindergarten through sixth grade with its "Sustainability in Motion" program that includes resources such as curriculum materials and solar energy activity kits, which are available to instructors and students at all levels.
Lebanon County
Jonestown Borough, Jonestown — $3,000 to partner with Jonestown Elementary School on a service learning project focused on air quality and watersheds.
Palmyra Area School District, Palmyra — $3,000 to coordinate Watershed Awareness Day for fourth grade students with hands-on water-related activities.
Lehigh County
Wildlife Information Center Inc., Washington Township — $2,901 to coordinate native plant workshops for homeowners to promote the use of native plants in residential landscaping.
Luzerne County
King's College, Wilkes-Barre — $6,502 to educate approximately 100 low-income children, in grades one through nine, about environmental topics and future careers through a series of workshops and field trips.
Center for Landscape Design & Stewardship, Butler Township — $3,000 to develop and maintain a pollinator demonstration garden at Butler Township along with conducting a related workshop for educators.
Lycoming County
East Lycoming School District, Hughesville — $6,426 to implement an environmental education course with a focus on sustainable energy sources and technologies.
Lycoming County Conservation District, Loyalsock Township — $2,800 to coordinate wetland workshops for elementary and secondary level teachers.
McKean County
University of Pittsburgh at Bradford, Bradford — $2,523 to develop a Renewable Energy Unit and lab; coordinate an accompanying teacher workshop; and conduct student programs to enhance student learning about renewable energy.
Penn State University, McKean County Cooperative Extension, Keating — $3,747 to coordinate after school clubs with hands-on activities, nature-themed games and local ecosystem explorations for youth.
McKean County Conservation District, Keating — $7,500 to develop and implement a volunteer water quality monitoring program by recruiting volunteers and coordinating educational training sessions.
Mercer County
Mercer County Conservation District, Coolspring Township — $2,605 to coordinate stormwater management workshops for homeowners.
McKeever Environmental Learning Center, Lake Township — $2,895 to establish a web-based monitoring system to educate students, teachers and the general public about solar and wind energy applications.
Thiel College, Greenville — $7,500 to coordinate a sustainability campaign to increase recycling and decrease energy use.
Mifflin County
Community Partnerships Resource Conservation & Development Council, Lewistown — $2,125 to coordinate an environmental education area as part of an annual Pennsylvania Canal celebration.
Montgomery County
Pottstown School District, Pottstown — $4,675 to participate in environmental science workshops, field trips and activities.
Perkiomen Watershed Conservancy, Perkiomen Township — $2,952 to coordinate programs for Girl Scouts on water quality as part of World Water Monitoring Day.
Montgomery County Commissioners, Norristown — $7,500 to create a climate change "wiki" as part of an ongoing effort to implement and educate about the county's Climate Change Action Plan.
Riverbend Environmental Education Center, Lower Merion Township — $6,250 to coordinate summer enrichment programs, "Exploring Our Watershed," for at-risk urban children from the Norristown Area School District and ACHIEVEability program.
Upper Moreland Township School District, Upper Moreland Township — $3,000 to develop model field lessons and experiments, purchase educational supplies and coordinate student service learning projects.
Friends' Central School, Lower Merion — $3,750 to coordinate a watershed education program, including workshops for community residents and student service learning projects and water quality monitoring.
Northampton County
Lehigh University, Bethlehem — $2,984 to promote alternative electricity generation, energy efficiency and conservation and alternative transportation fuels with eighth grade students and teachers at selected middle schools in the Bethlehem Area School District.
Northumberland County
Northumberland County Conservation District, Coal Township — $3,000 to coordinate a digital nature photography workshop for teachers along with developing the Center for Outdoor Area Learning Site by installing signage, rain barrels, and other activities.
Philadelphia County
Susquehanna Clean Up/Pick Up Inc., Philadelphia — $3,000 to create an open space classroom where youth and adults can learn about stormwater management, composting, gardening and native plants.
Sustainable Business of Greater Philadelphia, Philadelphia — $3,750 to educate business professionals about practices to reduce the amount of energy and waste.
Pike County
The Pocono Environmental Education Center, Lehman Township — $3,000 to coordinate an air quality education program with a hands-on student component.
Schuylkill County
Schuylkill Technology Center, Norwegian Township — $5,437 to integrate a hands-on solar electric program into its residential and industrial electricity course.
St. Ambrose School, North Manheim Township — $1,031 to coordinate a student educational program on climate change with classroom activities, presentations and a field trip.
Snyder County
Snyder County Conservation District, Franklin Township — $3,650 to coordinate workshops on home composting and conservation.
Lower Penns Creek Watershed Association, Franklin Township — $2,615 to conduct rain barrel workshops for homeowners to reduce nonpoint source pollution.
Selinsgrove Area School District, Selinsgrove — $3,400 for the intermediate school's fifth graders to participate in an outdoor education camp program.
Somerset County
Southern Alleghenies Conservancy Inc., Windber — $3,000 to coordinate a pilot service learning program in one school district integrating year-round environmental education programming through service learning projects.
Southern Alleghenies Conservancy Inc., Windber — $3,750 to conduct the Allegheny Mountains Sustainability Fair during Outdoor Heritage Month 2011. The conservancy will provide education on current environmental issues and promote sustainable practices in the region.
Tioga County
Tioga County Conservation District, Wellsboro — $3,250 to coordinate a comprehensive watershed tour for teachers and watershed association members.
Union County
SEDA-Council of Governments, East Buffalo Township — $3,750 to coordinate educational seminars as part of its "Building Green and Energizing Our Region Seminar" series.
Warren County
Warren County Conservation District, Conewango Township — $3,750 to organize and coordinate an Agricultural and Natural Resources Awareness Week for Warren County fourth grade students.
Westmoreland County
Westmoreland Cleanways, Hempfield — $3,000 to develop and coordinate a county-wide comprehensive composting education program for middle and high schools.
Saint Vincent College, Unity Township — $3,000 to coordinate a hands-on nature workshop for elementary and early childhood education teachers.
University of Pittsburgh at Greensburg, Hempfield Township — $5,779 to develop GIS-based watershed maps and related activities for sixth grade students.
York County
West Shore School District, Fairview Township — $2,996 to purchase water quality testing kits that fifth grade students will use as part of a stream study program.
Southern York County School District, Glen Rock — $700 to coordinate a Watershed Day Exploration program for fourth grade students.


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Something I've recently discovered about myself: my mood is directly correlated with what I watch. I don't know if this is the case for any of you, but if it is–weird right? The themes of what I watch rubs off on me, and that has the potential to be both good and bad.
For instance, sad movies can stick with me for a few days, maybe even a few weeks. (Nicholas Sparks is my arch nemesis). A while ago I tried watching a movie called "6 Years" and damn, that shit got real. It was mostly just following the life of these two kids in college who had been dating for–you guessed it–6 years. It was just really real raw emotions and I couldn't finish it. BUT I've been in a great mood recently, so I've been binge watching "Friends" for the second time and the occasional episode of "Futurama", though that show is watched by me through happy and sad times.
Another thing I do when I watch movies or shows is pick up some traits of certain characters and get in the mindset of "if they can do that I can too". Today before school, I watched an episode of the show "The 100" and my mindset has been "I will survive," even though I'm not facing any problem that challenges my survival… It can be a pretty gnarly process. I mean, sometimes it makes me more strong-willed or more empowered, like it did after I watched "Syrup". The female lead in that movie is a kick ass CFO who hires a man to help her with advertising. She is independent and powerful and damn, she makes me want to wear high heels and kick ass.
Let's see light-hearted movies now. So, one of my all time favorite go-to's for happy day movies is, of course, comedies. One that I watched recently for about the third time was the movie "That Awkward Moment" with Zac Efron, Michael B. Jordan, and Miles Teller. It's always funny, casual, life lesson-y movie. Plus, Zac Efron is in it and that definitely does not hurt. Miles Teller is one of my favorite people though, I'm not going to lie. He was in the movie "Whiplash" which got AMAZING reviews, but I have yet to see it because it looks rather intense but it's definitely on my list.
I'm going to try to get over that and be able to branch out more. But, I've just been so so happy, and I don't want to risk it. So, that just leads to happy movies and a happy life! All the movies I suggested ("the 100", "6 Years", "Friends", and "Syrup") can all be found on Netflix, but I always have to rent "That Awkward Moment" from Amazon Prime… 🙂


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The term cocktail party effect was coined by a British Cognitive scientist Colin Cherry, in the 1950s. He was interested in understanding how people listened, by conducting a few experiments. In his first experiment, he played two different overlapped messages recorded in the voice of the same person, through headphones. The participants were asked to listen carefully and try to write one of the messages on paper. If they put in enough concentration, the participants usually succeeded.
Now, if someone asks you to describe the cocktail party effect. The formal Cocktail Party effect definition is as follows:
Cocktail Party Effect Definition:
The cocktail party effect is the phenomenon of being able to focus one's auditory attention on a particular stimulus while filtering out a range of other stimuli, much the same way that a partygoer can focus on a single conversation in a noisy room. Continue reading The Cocktail Party Effect


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TopoColour uses graph theory to colour polygon layers. Furthermore it can save the adjacency as a DOT format file and create a layer showing the adjacencies.
QGis plugins must be installed and then activated from the plugin menu. TopoColour adds one option to an entry in the Plugins menu. Start by running it from there.
You'll need a polygon layer to work on. Here I'll show you how to colour the countries of Africa so that no two adjacent polygons are in the same colour. I load my Africa shapefile and it looks like this:
When I start the plugin it asks me for a layer and attribute. I use the CNTRY_NAME attribute which is unique for countries.
Once I've selected the attribute the plugin computes the adjacency between polygons in the layer. This may take some time, so a progress dialog allows you to cancel it. Beware that large layers may be very slow at this point, or even crash QGis if memory becomes a problem.
When the adjacency is computed, the main tabbed dialog appears. The first tab is the Graph Colouring tab.
Graph colouring, or vertex colouring, is an operation in graph theory. In our case the graph nodes are countries and the graph edges represent adjacencies between countries. Our colouring algorithm assigns numbers to the nodes so that no two directly connected nodes have the same number.
The plugin may eventually have a selection of colouring algorithms. Choose one from the dropdown box and click 'Compute Colouring'. This will then work out how many colours are needed for the graph and display this on the dialog. If the algorithm has randomness in it, you could try computing it again to get a different number of colours. For example, the current Greedy algorithm chooses which node to work on randomly. In the text below the algorithm buttons you'll see a list of the adjacencies in the map.
When you are happy with the graph colouring you can move on to the Layer Style tab
This dialog lets you choose a colour scheme and style for the layer. The colour palettes are derived from Color Brewer qualitative palettes. You can also choose the line width, style, and colour. When happy with your choice, hit 'Apply'.
Now you can see the result - a map of Africa with no adjacent countries the same colour.
If you click the "Add Adjacency Layer" button then a new layer will appear on your map. This shows which features are adjacent to which other features. Note that the point used for a feature is the centre of the bounding box, so there's no guarantee that it will lie within the feature's polygons. Each line has an attribute giving the attribute values of the nodes it connects. Here's what the African adjacency layer looks like: The layer is kept in memory, so save it as a shapefile to preserve it.
This button lets you save the adjacency as a DOT format file. This is not a map or GIS format, and only stores the connections between polygons. DOT files can be visualised and mapped in various ways. Check out GraphView for more information.
This operates as follows:
start with all nodes uncoloured repeat: pick an uncoloured node at random colour this node with the smallest integer not contained in the set of adjacent node colours for all nodesThis algorithm has randomness, so repeated application may result in different numbers of colours needed.
In theory, all polygon maps without overlaps or exclaves should be colourable with 4 colours or fewer. This is the famous (infamous?) Four-Colour Theorem. In practice GIS data sets will probably need more, and anyway an algorithm to find a four-colouring could be complex. Given that a GIS data set might not even be planar because of features being non-contiguous (e.g. having islands).
Written by Barry Rowlingson <email@example.com>


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If you're a fan of rock'n'roll, you no doubt heard the sad news of Chuck Berry's passing today after 90 years at full throttle.
Many thanks to SWLing Post contributor, Mike Hansgen (K8RAT), who notes that a number of pirate stations have been playing Chuck Berry tributes tonight; these will, no doubt, continue into tomorrow night, as well.
Mike's message prompted me to trigger a spectrum recording, as I'm currently on the road. I'll pull out a portable tonight and listen live, but it'll be nice to catch up with Chuck later as I play back my spectrum recordings. (This is why I love SDRs.)
Many thanks to the pirates who are paying tribute to the legend.
Rest in peace, Chuck. A toast to the grandfather of rock'n'roll.


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