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Housekeeping for Classes
- Classes are limited to 6 students. A minimum of 3 students is required in order for the class to run.
- Registration is confirmed when class has been paid in full.
- Unless a class is cancelled by The Loop, no cash refunds will be made. If a change is made within 5 days prior to the class, then we will be happy to provide a store credit.
- By purchasing your supplies at The Loop, we are able to provide classes at a nominal cost, therefore, all supplies must be purchased in-house. Please note: students are responsible for providing their own supplies, unless otherwise stated.
- We appreciate your timely arrival. Because of scheduling we will not be able to hold the classes for late arrivals.
- A 10% discount will be provided for class materials.
- You must be able to meet the minimum skills criteria to register for a class or workshop. If it is determined that you require more assistance than is offered in a class, the teacher may move you into a more appropriate class at her discretion.
- Beginner students may not register for more than one "major" class at the same time.
- Our instructors have a set of skills they need to teach you, and a finite amount of time in which to do it, if you are unable to attend the first class of a 101 class, we ask you to please register for a different session as catching up one person will take time away from the other students. Please discuss any other absences with your instructor.


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Acoustics is defined as the scientific study of sound especially of its generation, transmission, reception and reduction. Due to differing legislation, no one standard fits all geographical regions. Therefore, the focus in this report is mainly an overview of acoustics in the area of noise, noise pollution and noise reduction
Environmental noise is a worldwide problem. Common sources for noise are automotive and truck traffic, airplanes, trains, sirens, generators, air compressors and air conditioning units. Noise can have adverse health effects such as diminish hearing, disturb sleep, disrupt conversation, and diminish one's quality of life. Immediate safety factors should also be considered. The fact that you can't see, taste or smell noise may help explain why it has not received as much attention as other types of pollution, such as air pollution or water pollution.
Noise is typically defined as "unwantedsound" or the human sensation of pressure fluctuations in the air. For noise to exist, there must be three components: Source, Path and Receiver.
The frequency of sound is the number of times in a period of one second that the pressure changes from zero to maximum to minimum to zero, thus completing a cycle. Amplitude refers to the loudness level of the noise and is measured in decibels (dB). Decibels (dB) are logarithmic units, where 5 dB is nominally the threshold of hearing" and 130 dB is nominally the "threshold of pain".
Since decibels are logarithmic, multiple dB cannot be added by ordinary arithmetic means. For example, if one automobile generates 70 dB when it passes an individual, two cars passing simultaneously would not produce 140 dB. In fact, they would combine to produce 73 dB. The following shows how to add two decibel values:
|When Two Decibel Values Differ By:
Add this Amount of the Higher Value:
0 or 1 dB
3 dB
70 + 69 =73
2 or 3 dB
2 dB
74 + 71 = 76
4 to 9 dB
1 dB
66 + 60 = 67
10 dB or more
0 dB
65 + 55 = 65
Both the frequency and amplitude of sound are significantly altered by the physical variables in the path to the receivers. For example, walls, structures, ground absorption, atmospheric conditions such as temperature, humidity, wind and rain all contribute to changes in source noise levels before it reaches the receiver
Our main concern with sound is the effect it has on the receiver…..when a sound becomes an unwanted annoyance. Variations between sound power levels from the source and the characteristics of the path between the source and the receiver determine the sound levels upon the receiver. The most critical element, however, in determining the sound levels upon the receiver is the individual sensitivity of the human receiver.
Using Sound Walls to Control Unwanted Noise
Noise levels can be lowered by eliminating or reducing the noise at the source with the use of noise-control walls and enclosures. Sound walls are most effective when built close to the source or close to the receiver. The height of the wall should interrupt line-of-sight between the source and the receiver.
Sound walls are classified as reflective or absorptive. Hard surfaces such as masonry or concrete are reflective. This means most of the noise is reflected back towards the noise source and beyond.
A barrier wall with a surface material that is porous with many voids is said to be absorptive. This means little or no noise is reflected back towards the source. Sound-absorptive walls installed between the noise source and the receivers are effective in reducing reflective noise.
In evaluating the effectiveness of a barrier or enclosure, criteria such as local, state, and federal requirements must be considered. These codes cover a large range of situations from vehicle, industrial and residential boundary noise. In order to be in compliance with these criteria, octave band frequency analysis is typically required to investigate the noise source in order to calculate the amount of reduction that will be required in order to merit the criteria that is trying to be achieved. Individual octave measurements is also critical in determining the amount of 'aer the fact' reduction is required in order to meet the desired results in the most cost effective manner. Individual octave band measurements are a detail procedure that requires precautions from false measurements such as wind and increases in ambient noise levels. The procedure itself is more in-depth than this introduction allows.
Sound walls are performance rated in two categories Sound Transmission Class (STC) and Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC). The STC is a single number rating of a material's or assembly's barrier effect. A higher STC rating blocks more noise from transmitting through a wall. The NRC is a single number index for rating how absorptive a material is. A material with an NRC of .8 will absorb 80% of the sound that comes into contact with it and will reflect 20% of the sound back into space. A good sound wall is a sound-absorbing wall with a STC rating of 30 or more and a minimum NRC rating of .85.
ABSORPTION: A property of materials that allows a reduction in the amount of sound energy reflected. The introduction of an absorbent into the surfaces of a room will reduce the sound pressure level in that room by not reflecting all of the sound energy striking the room's surfaces. The effect of absorption merely reduces the resultant sound level in the room produced by energy that has already entered the room.
ABSORPTION COEFFICIENT: A measure of the sound-absorbing ability of a surface. It is defined as the fraction of incident sound energy absorbed or otherwise not reflected by a surface. Unless otherwise specified, a diffuse sound field is assumed. The values at the sound-absorption coefficient usually range from about 0.01 for marble slate to almost 1.0 for long absorbing wedges oen used in anechoic rooms.
ACOUSTICS: (1) The science of sound, including the generation, transmission, and effects of sound waves, both audible and inaudible. (2) The physical qualities of a room or other enclosure (such as size, shape, amount of noise) that determine the audibility and perception of speech and music within the room.
ACOUSTIC TRAUMA: Damage to the hearing mechanism caused by a sudden burst of intense noise, or by a blast. The term usually implies a single traumatic event.
AIRBORNE SOUND: Sound that reaches the point of interest by propagation through air.
AMBIENT NOISE: The total of all noise in the environment, other than the noise from the source of interest. This term is used interchangeably with background noise.
ANECHOIC ROOM: A room in which the boundaries absorb nearly all the incident sound, thereby, effectively creating free field conditions.
ANSI: The American National Standards Institute.
ATTENUATION: The reduction of sound intensity by various means (e.g., air, humidity, porous materials…).
AUDIO FREQUENCY: The frequency of oscillation of an audible sound wave. Any frequency between 20 and 20,000 Hz.
AUDIOGRAM: A graph showing individual hearing acuity as a function of frequency.
AUDIOMETER: An instrument for measuring individual hearing acuity.
A-WEIGHTED SOUND LEVEL: A measure of sound pressure level designed to reflect the acuity of the human ear, which does not respond equally to all frequencies. The ear is less efficient at low and high frequencies than at medium or speech-range frequencies. Therefore, to describe a sound containing a wide range of frequencies in a manner representative of the ear's response, it is necessary to reduce the effects of the low and high frequencies with respect to the medium frequencies. The resultant sound level is said to be A-weighted, and the units are dBA. The A-weighted sound level is also called the noise level. Sound level meters have an A-weighting network for measuring A-weighted sound level.
BACKGROUND NOISE: The total of all noise in a system or situation, independent of the presence of the desired signal. In acoustical measurements, strictly speaking, the term "background noise" means electrical noise in the measurement system. However, in popular usage the term "background noise" is oen used to mean the noise in the environment, other than the noise from the source of interest.
BAND. Any segment of the frequency spectrum.
CALIBRATOR (ACOUSTICAL). A device which produces a known sound pressure on the microphone of a sound level measurement system, and is used to adjust the system to Standard specifications.
COCHLEA. A spirally coiled organ located within the inner ear which contains the receptor organs essential to hearing.
CYLINDRICAL WAVE. A wave in which the surfaces of constant phase are coaxial cylinders. A line of closely-spaced sound sources radiating into an open space produces a free sound field of cylindrical waves.
DAMPING. The dissipation of energy with time or distance. The term is generally applied to the attenuation of sound in a structure owing to the internal sound-dissipative properties of the structure or to the addition of sound-dissipative materials.
dBA. Unit of sound level. The weighted sound pressure level by the use of the A metering characteristic and weighting specified in ANSI Specifications for Sound Level Metere,
DECIBEL. A unit of sound pressure level, abbreviated dB.
DIFFRACTION. A modification which soundwaves undergo in passing by the edges of solid bodies.
DIRECTIVITY INDEX. In a given direction from a sound source, the difference in decibels between (a) the sound pressure level produced by the source in that direction, and (b) the space-average sound pressure level of that source, measured at the same distance.
DOPPLER EFFECT (DOPPLER SHI). The apparent upward shi in frequency of a sound as a noise source approaches the listener or the apparent downward shi when the noise source recedes. The classic example is the change in pitch of a railroad whistle as the locomotive approaches and passes by.
DOSIMETER. A device worn by a worker for determining the worker's accumulated noise exposure with regard to level and time according to a pre-determined integration formula.
ECHO. A wave that has been reflected or otherwise returned with sufficient magnitude and delay, so as to be detected as a wave distinct from that directly transmitted.
* Effective Percieved Noise levels This is the result of applying tone and duration corections to the PERCIEVED Noise Level based on one third octive band data
EQUIVALENT A-WEIGHTED SOUND LEVEL (Leq): The constant sound level that, in a given time period, would convey the same sound energy as the actual time-varying A-weighted sound level.
FREQUENCY: The number of times per second that the sine wave of sound repeats itself, or that the sine wave of a vibrating object repeats itself. Now expressed in hertz (Hz), formerly in cycles per second (cps).
HAIR CELL: Sensory cells in the cochlea which transform the mechanical energy of sound into nerve impulses.
HEARING: The subjective human response to sound.
HEARING LEVEL: A measured threshold of hearing at a specified frequency, expressed in decibels relative to a specified standard of normal hearing. The deviation in decibels of an individual's threshold from the zero reference of the audiometer.
HEARING LOSS: A term denoting an impairment of auditory acuity. The amount of hearing impairment, in decibels, measured as a set of hearing threshold levels at specified frequencies. Types of hearing loss are: 1. Conductive: A loss originating in the conductive mechanism of the ear; 2. Sensor-neural: A loss originating in the cochlea or the fibers of the auditory nerve; 3. Noise induced: A sensor-neural loss attributed to the effects of noise.
HEARING THRESHOLD LEVEL (HTL). Amount (in decibels) by which an individual's threshold of audibility differs from a standard audiometric threshold.
HERTZ (Hz): Unit of measurement of frequency, numerically equal to cycles per second
* IMPULSE NOISE pilr drivers punch presses transient noise vehical and aircra pure tones blowers electrical generators, power transformers
INFRASONIC: Sounds of a frequency lower than 20 hertz.
INTENSITY: The sound energy flow through a unit area in a unit time.
INVERSE SQUARE LAW: A description of the acoustic wave behavior in which the mean-square pressure varies inversely with the square of the distance from the source. This behavior occurs in free field situations, where the sound pressure level decreases 6 dB with each doubling of distance from the source.
ISO: The International Organization for Standardization.
LEVEL: The logarithm of the ratio of a quantity to a reference quantity of the same kind. The base of the logarithm, the reference quantity, and the kind of level must be specified.
LOGARITHM: The exponent that indicates the power to which a number must be raised to produce a given number. For example, for the base 10 logarithm, used in acoustics, 2 is the logarithm of 100.
LOUDNESS: The subjective judgment of intensity of a sound by humans. Loudness depends upon the sound pressure and frequency of the stimulus. Over much of the frequency range it takes about a threefold increase in sound pressure (a tenfold increase in acoustical energy, or, 10 dB) to produce a doubling of loudness.
LOUDNESS LEVEL: Measured in phons it is numerically equal to the median sound pressure level (dB) of a free progressive 1000 Hz wave presented to listeners facing the source, which in a number of trials is judged by the listeners to be equally loud.
MASKING: 1. The process by which the threshold of audibility for a sound is raised by the presence of another (masking) sound. 2. The amount by which the threshold of audibility of a sound is raised by the presence of another (masking) sound.
MASKING NOISE: A noise that is intense enough to render inaudible or unintelligible another sound that is also present.
MEDIUM: A substance carrying a sound wave.
NEAR FIELD: The sound field very near to a source, where the sound pressure does not obey the inverse-square law and the particle velocity is not in phase with the sound pressure.
NOISE: 1. Unwanted sound. 2. Any sound not occurring in the natural environment, such as sounds emanating from aircra, highways, industrial, commercial and residential sources. 3. An erratic, intermittent, or statistically random oscillation.
NOISE ISOLATION CLASS. (NIC): A single number rating derived in a prescribed manner from the measured values of noise reduction between two areas or rooms. It provides an evaluation of the sound isolation between two enclosed spaces that are acoustically connected by one or more paths.
NOISE LEVEL: For airborne sound , unless specified to the contrary, it is the A-weighted sound level.
NOISE REDUCTION (NR): The numerical difference, in decibels, of the average sound pressure levels in two areas or rooms. A measurement of "noise reduction" combines the effect of the sound transmission loss performance of structures separating the two areas or rooms, plus the effect of acoustic absorption present in the receiving room.
NOISE REDUCTION COEFFICIENT (NRC): A measure of the acoustical absorption performance of a material, calculated by averaging its sound absorption coefficients at 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz, expressed to the nearest multiple of 0.05.
NON-IMPULSIVE NOISE: all noise not included in the definition of impulsive noise.
OSCILLATION: The variation with time, alternately increasing and decreasing, of (a) some feature of an audible sound, such as the sound pressure; or (b) some feature of a vibrating solid object, such as the displacement of its surface.
OSHA: The Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
PEAK SOUND PRESSURE: The maximum absolute value of the instantaneous sound pressure in a specific time interval. Note: in the case of a periodic wave, if the time interval considered is a complete period, the peak sound pressure becomes identical with the maximum sound pressure.
PERIOD. The duration of time it takes for a periodic wave form (like a sine wave) to repeat itself.
PERMANENT THRESHOLD SHI (PTS). A permanent decrease of the acuity of the ear at a specified frequency as compared to a previously established reference level. The amount of permanent threshold shi is customarily expressed in decibels.
PHON. The unit of measurement for loudnes level.
PITCH. The attribute of auditory sensation that orders sounds on a scale extending from low to high. Pitch depends primarily upon the frequency of the sound stimulus, but it also depends upon the sound pressure and wave form of the stimulus.
RANDOM NOISE. An oscillation whose instantaneous magnitude is not specified for any given instant of time. It can be described statistically by probability distribution functions giving the traction of the total time that the magnitude of the noise lies within a specified range.
REFLECTION. The return of a sound wave from a surface.
REFRACTION. The bending of a sound wave from its original path, either because it is passing from one medium to another or by changes in the physical properties of the medium, e.g., a temperature or wind gradient in the air.
RESONANCE. The relatively large amplitude of vibration produced when the frequency of some source of sound or vibration "matches" the natural frequency of vibration of some object, component, or system.
RESONATOR. A device that resounds or vibrates in sympathy with a source of sound or vibration.
REVERBERATION. The persistence of sound in an enclosed space, as a result of multiple reflections, aer the sound source has stopped.
RMS SOUND PRESSURE. The square root of the time averaged square of the sound pressure.
SABIN. A measure of the sound absorption of a surface; it is the equivalent of one square foot of a perfectly absorptive surface.
SHIELDING. The attenuation of a sound, achieved by placing barriers between a sound source and the receiver
SONE. The unit of measurement for loudness. One sone is the loudness of a sound whose loudness level is 40 phons. Loudness is proportional to the sound's loudness rating, e.g., two sones are twice as loud as one sone.
SOCIOCUSIS. Loss of hearing caused by noise exposures that are part of the social environment, exclusive of occupational-noise exposure, physiological changes with age, and disease.
SOUND. 1. An oscillation in pressure, stress, particle displacement, particle velocity, etc., in an elastic or partially elastic medium, or the superposition of such propagated alterations. 2. An auditory sensation evoked by the oscillation described above. Not all sound waves can evoke an auditory sensation: e.g. ultrasound.
SOUND LEVEL. The weighted sound pressure level obtained by the use of a sound level meter and frequency weighting network, such as A, B, or C as specified in ANSI specifications for sound level meters (ANSI Sl.4-1971, or the latest approved revision). If the frequency weighting employed is not indicated, the A-weighting is implied.
SOUND LEVEL METER. An instrument comprised of a microphone, amplifier, output meter, and frequency-weighting networks which is used for the measurement of noise and sound levels.
SOUND POWER. The total sound energy radiated by a source per unit time. The unit of measurement is the watt.
SOUND PRESSURE. The instantaneous difference between the actual pressure produced by a sound wave and the average or barometric pressure at a given point in space.
SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL (SPL). 20 times the logarithm, to the base 10, of the ratio of the pressure of the sound measured to the reference pressure, which is 20 micronewtons per square meter. In equation form, sound pressure level in units of decibels is expressed as SPL (dB) = 20 log p/pr.
SOUND TRANSMISSION CLASS (STC). The preferred single figure rating system designed to give an estimate of the sound insulation properties of a structure or a rank ordering of a series of structures.
SOUND TRANSMISSION LOSS (STL). A measure of sound insulation provided by a structural configuration. Expressed in decibels, it is 10 times the logarithm to the base 10 of the reciprocal of the sound transmission coefficient of the configuration.
SPECTRUM. The description of a sound wave's resolution into its components of frequency and amplitude.
SPEED (VELOCITY) OF SOUND IN AIR. 344 m/sec (l128 /sec) at 70 degrees F in air at sea level.
STEADY-STATE SOUNDS. Sounds whose average characteristics remain relatively constant in time. A practical example of a steady-state sound source is an air conditioning unit.
TEMPORARY THRESHOLD SHI (TTS). A temporary impairment of hearing acuity as indicated by a change in the threshold of audibility.
THRESHOLD OF AUDIBILITY (THRESHOLD OF DETECTABILITY). The minimum sound pressure level at which a person can hear a specified frequency of sound over a specified number of trials.
THRESHOLD OF PAIN. The minimum sound pressure level of a sound outside the ear that will produce a transition from discomfort to definite pain.
THRESHOLD SHI. A change in the threshold of audibility at a specified frequency from a threshold previously established. The amount of threshold shi is customarily expressed in decibels.
TINNITUS. Ringing in the ear or noise sensed in the head. Onset may be due to an acoustic trauma and persist in the absence of acoustical stimulation (in which case it may indicate a lesion of the auditory system).
TONE. A sound of definite pitch. A pure tone has a sinusoidal wave form.
ULTRASONIC. Sounds or a frequency higher than 20,000 hertz.
VIBRATION. An oscillatory motion of solid bodies described by displacement, velocity, or acceleration with respect to a given reference point.
VIBRATION ISOLATOR. A resilient support for vibrating equipment designed to reduce the amount of vibration transmitted to the other structures.
WAVE. A disturbance that travels through a medium by virtue of the elastic properties of that medium.
WAVELENGTH. For a periodic wave (such as sound in air), the distance between analogous points on any two successive waves. The wavelength of sound in air or in water is inversely proportional to the frequency of the sound. Thus, the lower the frequency, the longer the wavelength.
WEIGHTING.: Prescribed frequency filtering provided in a sound level meter.

subset: commoncrawl


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One of the major challenges facing the international development community is creating a capacity development (CD) architecture built on solid evidence. ... Exibir mais + In this CD brief, the authors argue that, although a significant body of evidence on CD is being produced, the knowledge is poorly captured and managed. As a result, CD practice and policies fail to take full advantage of lessons and experiences that can lead to better results. Addressing these challenges is the basis of the three-year strategy of the learning network on CD (LenCD), a broad partnership of practitioners and donors dedicated to improving the outcomes of CD initiatives. The strategy has three key pillars: evidence, practice, and policy. The aim is to create a more professionalized CD practice and transfer CD learning into the mainstream of development. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 92591 JUN 01, 2009
Awimbo, Janet; Nelson,Mark; Theisohn, Thomas Disclosed
This capacity development brief summarizes the results of a multi-donor team review of four examples of post-crisis capacity development interventions in the Solomon Islands in 2005-08 whose performance was frequently cited as successful by local stakeholders. ... Exibir mais + Although not based on post-project evaluations, the review found a number of patterns and potential lessons: (1) responding to immediate needs fosters national ownership; (2) 'quick wins' can lay the basis for wider system impact; (3) being clear on 'capacity for what' is key to project success, (4) critical mass in capacity means taking a team approach; (5) training must be grounded in time-relevant and actively operational tasks; (6) a coaching and partnering style is essential and, certainly, not optional; and (7) leadership becomes catalytic in capacity development when a broader coalition is engaged, and in some cases supports a 'heroic individual' as its leader. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 68668 MAY 01, 2009
Bailey, Laura Disclosed
Efforts to develop capacity are being hindered by disparate methodologies, insufficient focus on outcomes and indicators, and a lack of concrete results to show improved capacity. ... Exibir mais + The authors examine the need for a new resource to guide, capture, and communicate capacity development (CD) efforts. They outline a results-driven and systematic framework - based on rigorous needs assessment, innovative change process logic, and participatory implementation that is driven by local ownership, adaptive management, and measurable results. This resource can fill a critical gap in CD design and reporting, as well as fuel further discussion in the development community. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 92590 APR 01, 2009
Agapitova,Natalia; Fisher,Sharon Beth; Gold,Jenny R.; Otoo,Samuel K. E. Disclosed
In response to a growing demand for evidence of effectiveness, scalability, and accountability in international development initiatives, the international development community has begun to ask increasingly hard questions about the costs, risks, and assessment challenges associated with its capacity development (CD) initiatives. ... Exibir mais + The delivery of CD services through networks represents an important and growing segment of the engagement strategy being embraced by development practitioners. Despite this growing interest and application, the understanding of how networks for capacity development operate and how to maximize their impact remains limited. This CD brief suggests applying a value chain approach to network development and explores how it can be used to build systematic partnerships to solve social problems. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 92589 FEB 01, 2009
Bloom,Evan Jonah; Leonard,Aaron; Reeves, Matt Disclosed
Strong leadership from developing countries is essential to ensure the success of capacity development (CD) initiatives. Billions of dollars have funded so-called CD projects during the past several decades, but the results have been mixed. ... Exibir mais + A major reason for this lackluster outcome is that these initiatives have been largely designed, implemented, and driven by donors and have often lacked buy-in and support from Southern leaders. This brief outlines the importance of Southern leadership in capacity development and its impact on development outcomes. Evidence suggests that strong Southern leadership requires mobilizing political champions to integrate CD in national and sector development strategies and facilitating coordinated CD initiatives with Southern policy makers and practitioners. It also requires enhancing South-South and triangular cooperation and promoting wider outreach by sharing experience and good practice where CD is not yet a priority. The author envisions a Southern-led capacity development alliance that could serve as a catalyst in reinforcing Southern leadership and representation during creation of national development strategies and that could also engage with the wider international development community. Exibir menos -
Informativo 92588 JAN 01, 2009
Abdel-Malek, Talaat Disclosed
Networks are emerging as an important delivery mechanism for sustainable development; however, reliable network diagnostics are necessary to ensuring accountability and quality to donors and stakeholders and to monitoring, evaluating, and learning from networks. ... Exibir mais + In this brief, the authors examine current practice around networks for development. They describe organizational network analysis, a tool applied by pacts capacity building services group in multiple international settings, which can help identify opportunities and improve network effectiveness. The authors conclude by emphasizing that a networked approach can provide innovative solutions to todays development challenges. Exibir menos -
Bloom,Evan Jonah; Nyhan Jones,Veronica R.E.; Reeves, Matt; Sunseri, Amy Disclosed
The Government of Japan has been supporting capacity development through the World Bank for 17 years. It has provided grants under its Policy and Human Resources Development (PHRD) Fund to support graduate scholarships, training activities, and preparation and implementation of loans and credits. ... Exibir mais + Various evaluations have shown all three types of assistance to be effective, and grants to support project preparation in particular have generally been judged highly successful, because they have contributed to rapid and high-quality preparation of lending operations. A recent independent evaluation has shown that these grants have also contributed substantially to human capacity development in recipient countries, because recipient execution has led to strong ownership, the nature of project preparation has put a premium on capacity development needs, and the design of the program has favored capacity development activities. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 44889 JUN 01, 2008
Potten, David Disclosed
Parliaments play a crucial role in improving governance and public service delivery. Those countries with strong parliamentary oversight have been able to shape policy directions and priorities. ... Exibir mais + This article explores the growing role of parliaments in crafting poverty reduction strategy papers (PRSPs) since the process was first launched in 1999. Although the parliaments of many developing countries still have a long way to go before they will maximize their ability to strengthen the outcomes from country-level poverty reduction strategies (PRSs), the first decade of the poverty reduction strategy process has produced some important examples of the ways that parliaments can get involved, shape the debate, and learn from the experiences of legislatures in other countries. The cases of Tanzania and Malawi illustrate how parliamentary committees and parliaments can develop in terms of policy leverage and leadership. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 44888 MAY 01, 2008
Kroon, Cindy; Stapenhurst, Rick Disclosed
This Capacity Development Brief explores the experience of describes some of the findings of the diagnostic, which was completed in 2006. The indicators measures of governance are: voice and accountability, rule of law, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, control of corruption, political stability, and absence of violence. ... Exibir mais + The author have started to work to strengthen state structures and consider the legal and regulatory reforms needed in order for this endemic disease to disappear from our institutional practices, in politics as in business. Although Haiti's governance problems are fairly widespread, release of the survey has already started to have some impact, at least in terms of growing understanding and consensus on the nature of the problems the country faces. The survey served to focus minds on a set of critical areas that are impeding the country's economic and political stability. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 42386 DEC 01, 2007
Carrillo, Susana Disclosed
In Niger, where only a fifth of the population is literate and poverty is rife, radio has taken on an extraordinarily important role in the lives of its citizens. ... Exibir mais + Radio programs are not only the means through which people entertain themselves and get the daily news, they are also playing a proxy role for the health clinics, schools, social support networks, and continuing education needed for economic progress. Women debate their role in society; citizens call in to complain about poor local services; radio reporters, microphones in hand, chase down politicians and demand answers on the air. Although Niger has a long way to go in creating a viable and free media market, radio has nevertheless flourished in a remarkable way in this landlocked francophone country of 13 million and given people a taste of democracy. Providing the citizens of Niger with perspectives from around the world, radio is a major instrument in the process of capacity development in the country. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 41865 OCT 01, 2007
Peter, Luc; Barbey, Stephanie; Tejasvi, Ajay Disclosed
For many developing countries, capacity development means donor-sponsored training programs and outside experts. But a noteworthy example in Uganda shows that capacity development may work better and be more sustainable when local market forces are unleashed to provide for local capacity needs. ... Exibir mais + The Uganda case spotlights an approach supported by the World Bank and other partners that has focused on improving the capacities of Uganda's local governments, which since the 1990s have been part of one of Africa's most ambitious decentralization processes. In that program, Uganda's ministry of local government has used World Bank and other donor financing to create a set of incentives aimed at improving the performance of the country's local governments. Part of the approach was not only a system to reward high-performing local governments, but actions aimed at stimulating both supply and demand for capacity development at the local level. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 53324 JUN 01, 2007
Nelson, Mark Disclosed
This work on a review of non-lending approaches, which for the purposes of this brief is defined broadly as activities that have a stated goal of improving individual, organizational and broader institutional capacities in a country, is spread widely throughout the Bank. ... Exibir mais + It includes specific, well-defined Bank products, such as non-lending technical assistance, training, some economic and sector work, as well as some research and other knowledge-sharing activities that the Bank facilitates for its partner countries. World Bank units directly carry out much of this work. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 40431 JUN 01, 2007
Constantinou, Nansia Disclosed
In this brief, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, President of the Republic of Liberia, shares lessons learned from her experience in leading a post-conflict country. ... Exibir mais + She emphasizes the importance of taking a broader view of the national leadership system while building national leadership capacities and cautions against adopting a one size fits all approach. Drawing from Liberia's recent turnaround, she identifies key capacities that need to be developed. Fragile states pose a challenge for good leadership-for renewal and reform. States in the grip of poverty with broken socioeconomic infrastructure and a political culture of impunity, require courageous leadership, one that is unafraid of risks and able to challenge itself to be innovative and look toward the future. She points out that consciousness of ethics forces the setting of standards and requires leaders to lead by good example, particularly when it comes to demonstrating and imparting honesty, tolerance, participatory democracy, work ethics, and understanding. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 40429 MAY 01, 2007
Johnson-Sirleaf, Ellen Disclosed
A growing body of evidence suggests that learning and cooperation among developing nations is increasing n both frequency and complexity and expanding from just economic cooperation to include a variety of topics: health, education, communication, research, and development. ... Exibir mais + Due to shared backgrounds and challenges, people in developing nations are banding together as peers to find new and innovative solutions to development issues. Reviews of technical cooperation suggest that South-South learning is often more effective in developing capacity than one-way knowledge transfers from the North. This brief identifies trends in this phenomenon for practitioners of capacity development and highlights some successful cases of South-South learning and cooperation. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 38916 FEB 01, 2007
Tejasvi, Ajay Disclosed
Achieving rapid development calls for improved capacity in the public and private sectors to support development policies and projects. The World Bank recognizes that capacity building is a long-term process requiring a systemic approach. ... Exibir mais + That is why many Bank projects in Africa and elsewhere include capacity development activities. But three drawbacks have limited the effectiveness of these efforts: many operations do not -- but need to -- take an integrated view of solutions involving the individual, organizational, and institutional contexts; individual, organizational, and institutional links vary greatly across sectors -- not addressing these differences has led to less effective capacity building; and capacity goals as they relate to this understanding of the individual, organizational, and institutional aspects have not been explicit. This Capacity Brief discusses and illustrates the importance of integrating capacity-building efforts at all three levels, and addressing differences among sectors in their integration, while setting forth explicit capacity goals and monitoring and evaluating progress toward them. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 38915 DEC 01, 2006
Vinod, Thomas Disclosed
As articulated in the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness (2005), country capacity is at the core of sustainable development. The concepts of capacity and capacity development (CD) are so all-encompassing, however, that practitioners have often found it difficult to make operational sense of them. ... Exibir mais + Practitioners should focus on the specific capacities needed to reach well-defined goals, while keeping in mind several basic principles: (a) capacity development is a long-term process and requires a long-term view, (b) it must be country led, (c) donors should coordinate their CD support activities, (d) good diagnostics should inform the program design, and (e) learning activities must be comprehensive. This brief looks at how three ongoing World Bank projects in the transport sector worked to put these ideas into practice. Within very different country contexts, all incorporate three or more of these core principles. All are country led and based on good diagnostics; all are being carried out in a five-year period with ample time and budget for capacity development; all focus on developing capacity simultaneously at the individual, organizational, and institutional levels; and all use local expertise, including private sector expertise, wherever possible. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 38914 OCT 01, 2006
Davis, Deborah Disclosed
Evaluation skills are central to effective development work. Evaluation captures real results, leads to feedback and learning, and identifies areas where more capacity is needed. ... Exibir mais + It is also an essential tool for making mid-course corrections in ongoing programs, developing appropriate indicators, tracking an individual's or organization's capacity to deliver on its mandate, and guiding the design of future programming. Donors now expect countries to be full partners in the development process, which means that they need to have the capacity to evaluate their own progress and to use the findings to continuously improve their performance. The evidence suggests that these changes can potentially have a transformative effect on governance and make poverty reduction efforts dramatically more effective. The World Bank, in partnership with Carleton University in Ottawa, is currently providing evaluation capacity development through its International Program for Development Evaluation Training (IPDET), which has already trained more than 850 practitioners from 100 countries. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 38913 JUN 01, 2006
Morra-Imas, Linda; Rist, Ray C. Disclosed
In the past year, the donor community has paid unprecedented attention to the subject of capacity development. From the World Bank task force on capacity development in Africa to the Paris Declaration on aid effectiveness, donors have signaled both the importance of the issue to African development and a new determination to improve results on capacity development interventions. ... Exibir mais + For African practitioners, however, whether this new attention will result in real changes is still unclear. This brief examines some of the African reactions, gathered through a series of consultations in the past year, to growing attention on capacity development among donors. Unless the new commitments lead to real changes in behavior on the ground, the African practitioners say, the latest commitments will simply be remembered as yet another missed turning point. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 38912 MAY 01, 2006
Missika-Wierzba, Bathylle; Nelson, Mark;; Nelson, Mark Disclosed
This article examines the available evidence about training as an instrument of capacity development and asks whether it works and under which conditions it is most optimally pursued. ... Exibir mais + The first part of the paper considers evidence from the World Bank and other international donors, which spend considerable sums on training in developing countries. The second part of the paper looks at the record of private sector firms to see what can be learned from company training programs, which have tended to be better documented and followed from a cost-effectiveness standpoint. The article then considers what conclusions from the private sector can help us toward a better understanding of the optimal conditions for training in a development context. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 38911 FEB 01, 2006
Nelson, Mark Disclosed
Achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and poverty reduction objectives of developing countries requires a substantially greater investment in capacity development. ... Exibir mais + This translates into action at three levels: improving the skills of individuals, developing organizational processes and systems, and creating an enabling environment that can support the achievement of these goals. The process of planning and implementing strategies for strengthening capacity can seem overwhelming for development practitioners. Unbundling the capacity elements into actionable components at the institutional, organizational, and individual levels and linking them to specific results can eliminate much of the perceived complexity that often accompanies the planning process. One way to begin is by using a capacity-results matrix to work through the process. Such a matrix is designed to help prioritize results, disaggregate capacity constraints, determine needed capacity interventions, and agree on indicators to measure progress. Exibir menos -
Documento de trabalho do WBI 38910 DEC 01, 2005
Alameddine,Chirine; Hart-Poliquin,Moira Disclosed
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Yuliya Nemtseva
Managing partner AdConsul
In my opinion, such events are great platforms where we can discuss problems, develop industrial approaches and create projects aimed at applications and solutions. The more business representatives and experts take part in such discussions, the better industry can formulate offers to address certain issues.
In general, Betting Trends Forum may well become a permanent professional platform to discuss industry issues.
Alexey Tkachuk
editor in chief BookmakersRating.ru
In my opinion, the forum was held perfectly. There were a lot of visitors including representatives of major domestic betting companies. There was a feedback after our performance. I dare to say on behalf of my colleagues Artur Petrosyan and Konstantin Genich that it was a pleasure to speak to such an audience. I would like to thank representatives of Smile-Expo for their support.
Irina Krasnova
Marketing Manager UBGAMING
UB|GAMING thanks organizers of Betting Trends Forum for excellent organization of event. We were glad to participate in such a reputable and useful event of betting industry, where we had a unique opportunity to represent our most in-demand betting solutions to business society and to unveil our exclusive training "Marketing start up". We got acquainted with and talked to industry peers and potential customers not only from Russia, but from foreign countries as well.
We would like to express sincere gratitude to all speakers of the forum for comprehensive and quality presentations.
UB|GAMING will be glad to take part in the forum next year, and hopes to meet all participants of the conference at upcoming exhibition RGWeek 2016 in Sokolniki Centre on 02-03 June near the company booth №С2.
Results of Betting Trends Forum: preparation for 2018 FIFA World Cup and anti-match fixing
On March 31, Moscow hosted Betting Trends Forum, Russia's only event for bookmakers dedicated to the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The forum brought together 120 participants: executives of betting companies, lawyers, journalists and representatives of professional unions.
Smile-Expo, the forum organizer, expresses gratitude to sponsors and partners for participation. A special thanks to such companies as BetConstruct, GoldenRace, Betgames.tv and UbGaming.
Discussion topics
A key forum topic was the forthcoming FIFA World Cup. Participants were discussing bookmakers' preparations for the event, features of football betting, new technologies and marketing.
Mariya Lepschikova, a well-known lawyer in the betting industry, prepared market players for the competent work during the championship and told about trends of industry legal regulation.
The lawyer commented on the law on mandatory contribution of bookmakers towards sports development. According to her statements, bets on the 2018 World Cup can be accepted without agreements on purpose-oriented deductions, because the event is organized by FIFA and not referred to the subjects of Russian professional sport.
As to agreements, Mariya Lepschikova believes that betting shops are ready to conclude them; however, the government has not adopted the calculation base and procedure for the conclusion of contracts. Besides, the law does not stipulate sanctions against those who do not pay a bench mark of 15 million RUB.
According to Leonid Oboznyy, the head of First Gaming, bookmakers have every reason to rely on revenue increase during the World Cup, yet they should know behavior patterns of players.
He also recalled that since 2012, the football relative share in the total amount of sports bets had decreased from 43.5% to 38%. But despite this fact, each even-numbered year brings foreign and Russian bookmakers a record income.
"I will cheer for Russian bookmakers," Leonid Oboznyy summarized.
Konstantin Makarov, President of Bingo Boom, dedicated his presentation to law-abiding operations during the championship. He stressed the double person identification issue – via the center of tracking the interactive bet transactions and bookmakers – and offered its solution.
According to Konstantin Makarov, the 2018 World Cup is both a challenge and great opportunities for Russia, particularly, in terms of betting legal regulation.
Alexey Tkachuk, the chief editor of BookmakersRating.ru publication, shared his optimistic forecasts. He believes that the amount of bets during the championship will increase twice. Moreover, some operators can increase the amount sixfold or even eightfold.
Maxim Kleiman (Nielsen Sports representative), Elena Rasskasova (head of UB|Consulting training center) and Valery Bollier (Oulala Games co-founder) also shared their forecasts.
The separate block of presentations was dedicated to anti-match fixing and fraud in betting business.
In the first case, one should determine high-risk players and officials and appoint surveillance specialists, according to Josef Hosmaj, a director of integrity and development at Indexxdata Sport Security Consulting.
The presentation of Thanos Marinos, CEO at Entergaming Platform, was dedicated to a modern trend – artificial intelligence in betting – and risk management.
Artificial intelligence should become a tool for marketers focusing on players segmentation. It is required to adjust marketing campaigns and risk management. AI-based solutions can give a concept of typical behavior of each player and accurately predict their actions, Thanos Marinos believes.
Besides, artificial intelligence won't replace a team of traders, and decision-making will remain a human task, Entergaming Platform CEO adds.
Valery Bollier, CEO at Oulala Games, told the audience about offers segmentation. He called upon operators not to be afraid of changes and to apply new technologies while working with millennials. "We are observing an alternation of generations, consuming fantasy games. The main growth driver of this segment will be DFS," Valery Bollier said.
We would like to recall that Moscow Betting Trends Forum is held every year. The forum program is constantly expanding and corresponding to relevant issues.
Smile-Expo team is always ready to cooperate with speakers, sponsors and partners. See you next time!


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The Stryker Secure II hospital bed is a adaptable bed featuring a open customizable frame, intermediate side rails to assist patients in entering and exiting the bed, a built-in scale, and Stryker's Chaperone Bed Exit System that utilizes the patients body weight distribution in zones to alert care staff of changes in patient positioning, reducing patient risk of falls.
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text: chenault Posted July 4, 2019 I talked to a person from Leupold a couple months ago and they said that they were working on a fix for the DPP issue. Does anyone know when this is supposed to happen? I've gone through two brand new ones this month. Same issue as all the others. The contact slips with it's sticker so the battery can't make contact anymore. I've also noticed that the DPP is sold out from most places, makes me wonder if they are about to release the ones with the fix. Quote Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


text: This is a list of the top 50 (fifty) most popular baby names for the year 2003 in the United States of America. The information is taken from the the US Social Security Office and all rights are acknowledged. The list contains the most popular boy names and the most popular girls names. For the meanings of these names feel free to browse the site or use the baby meanings search page


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* Ammended article : Mar 2015
The latest and final court case against myself, Chistina Chorianopoulou and Kallia Xatzigianni for 'slander' against ACTUP/Kostadis Kaburakis was delayed yet again whereby ACTUP failed to attend court on the 17th of March – (as expected).
It's of little concern anyway as this final case by Kostadis Kaburakis is just a formality now all the other false cases he brought out against us for exposing him and the NGO's Directors have been thrown out, and the new date is to correspond after the numerous Penal cases against ACTUP whereby the details will have finally been put to rest and the facts exposing them for what they are have been judged and sentenced, and the lies to which they have told in and out of Court will finally fall on deaf ears.
This time was particularly memorable as even their own lawyer failed to attend, showing just how little concern they have for the Justice system despite hypocritically claiming to be victims for so long, a fact made clear by the Judge. . .
It's hardly surprising in fairness, who wants to turn up at a Court hearing for slander knowing that all you said was a lie, and to which most of the illegal material given in evidence was submitted by the idiot claiming to be the victim, and proven to be lies as well?
Not a wise move after the last case whereby the NGO made itself a laughing stock, (yet again I might add), so not turning up and being ridiculed in Court as usual was probably the better move in their eyes.
Either way, somewhat irrelevant now knowing that the next time it probably goes to Court, most of the Board of Directors if not all of them will quite probably already be in Prison anyway.
At least then we won't have to worry about them not turning up!!!
This case is one whereby we exposed them as criminals for fraud, providing false documentation to the Ministries and having been found guilty by YDAS for misappropriation of funds whilst two of the Board of Directors illegally masqueraded as Doctors to run the NGO and gain access to funds for trafficking, this malpractice highlights the President Kostadis Kaburakis who abused the trust and confidentiality of those unfortunate to have dealt with the NGO under the guise of their titles as he abused his position at the key HIV/Aids Hospital in Athens and whilst attending and presenting himself as a Doctor in conferences and at meetings whereby he parades himself as a Doctor.
The case now is set to occur after the current Penal case against ACTUP which is underway for exactly such crimes, and which further exposes how the NGO and the Directors only sought to damage ourselves for exposing them whilst using the lie and the deception of being victims which were always known to have been lies from the beginning.
The many other cases against us by ACTUP have already been thrown out of Court or we were acquitted and found innocent of anything other than exposing these lying thieves for what they are, and the more recent case by IKA highlighting them for stealing Insurance during 2008/2009 only confirm what many knew already about the immoral and unethical parasites who run this NGO and who have abused the Health sector here for their own gain for their entire careers.
Fortunately nearly 20 years of embezzlement, fraud, providing false documentation, theft, illegally pretending to be Doctors and abusing the people, patients and responsibilities falsely gained through taking over this NGO have been reveaed and the Courts now pursue these people for what they have done.
All details below go into depth about the many activities uncovered by ourselves and those who fought to expose them for what they are, and the latest information suggests that the Case has been taken up by the highest legal Authority here in Greece due to the severe nature and the 15+ year history of this NGO and those guilty of abusing it.
More inevitably to follow. . .
* Ammended article : Oct 2014
The non legal case for slander in which Kostadis Kaburakis (the President of ACTUP) attempted to sue myself and two others for exposing his career of lies was thrown out of Court earlier this year (2014), we were subsequently acquitted and found innocent of any wrong doing whereby the testimony in which we quoted his own lie about him illegally pretending to be a Doctor and numerous other facts raised in the report covered by Journalists in the press surrounding this Joke of an NGO are now being investigated further at the request of the Magistrate's ruling.
This case and the subsequent lies told by the President of ACTUP and it's board of Directors became an integral part of their defence over the last 5 years, whereby after being exposed as having defrauded the Ministry of Foreign Affairs here in Greece they then set about trying to damage myself and the other people who sought to reveal the true nature of those in charge, and something they could always hide behind as so called 'victims' awaiting Justice.
Despite these battles in court dragging out for 5 years, often due to them failing to appear in court or trying to pass off anyone of a hundred or so different lies at each and every turn, Justice was indeed done.
Another bullsh*t court case against myself whereby the Board of ACTUP tried to claim that I had forged my work contract, (despite having a witness), and never worked there for 2008-2009 was also thrown out and it was made clear by the ruling of the Judge that the Board of ACTUP had deliberately lied and set out to damage myself for refusing to steal state funding and exposing the world to their 20 year web of lies. Furthermore, their claims of a Graphologist report proving that my claims were false were based on a two year lie whereby they claimed they had proof by an authority a graphologists report prior to having one, and then basing their findings on a photocopy provided by ourselves in our defense. . .
In December 2014, my work tribunal case with IKA (insurance) will similarly be finished, exposing them yet again as criminals who set out to lie and take advantage of an employee, and the monies owed to me and the state, when they deliberately set out to cause as much pain and misery as possible. The hearing is now just a formality as the verdict was given quite some time ago, however, this as usual has dragged on due to them failing to attend in person when required. Pretty good for people who apparently fight for the workers rights, and the security of immigrants. Something else they have been found guilty of abusing when possible.
The clear and concise manner in which the Courts so far gave their findings, reiterated the reality to this selfish, fraudulent and self gratifying NGO and the people who have abused the state, the sector and the people who have gone to them for help over the years.
The medical confidentiality which is and has been so freely violated by these people over the years clearly shows how little they have ever cared for anyone other than the person providing the opportunity, and the lengths to which they will go to to protect their web of lies has no bounds.
As of November 2014, I am pleased to announce that after 5 years of investigations, the case against ACTUP ΔΡΑΣΕ HELLAS and it's Board of Directors begins. This is tied to numerous other relevant cases by several authorities and people such as myself for the malpractice, fraud and slander of all who have been abused by the people in charge of this Organisation.
The pathetic and shameful manner in which they have built careers at the expense of those in such a difficult and vulnerable predicament is testimony to what these people are truly like, and the threats, lies and non legal cases whereby they have built their identities on being the 'victims' has been proven to be nothing more than just another lie in a 20 year career of lying. . .
SO far all the events articles and facts presented by myself and the newspapers which exposed them have turned out to be true, and interestingly, everything that they've said has turned out to be a lie. . .
They have hidden behind the UNAids banner, and others whilst using international Organisations without validation or to further gain access to projects whereby claiming to be medical Doctors has given them access to HIV/Aids medical data to which they have used for their own gain. The recent case whereby the women were exposed in the papers highlights the very dangers faced by people who allow this sector to have access to their details, and shows how on one hand they can 'claim' to protect the people suffering with the illness, only to then use them as a tool in the press when the need arises.
Who leaked the names? Who went out of their way to gain access to such data in the first place, and who had no right to having such access anyway. . . ?
Illegally pretending to be Doctors is bad enough, but this all shapes a very sinister image of a sector run by elements within the CDC, who are allowed to work for NGO's who in principal 'supposedly' oppose state practice, only to do what they want with impunity.
Add to the fact that most of the NGO's within this sector here knew about this and allowed it to happen for so long is just shocking.
* Ammended article : Dec 2013
Since many of these articles were written, legal action and further proof about the people covered within this blog have come to light to vindicate the facts about this unethical NGO and the behaviour of it's board of Directors including those who attempted to cover up the reality of the corruption and malpractice exhibited by those in charge of ACTUP ΔΡΑΣΕ HELLAS.
Our plight to expose the two faced thieving scumbags as per the ones highlighted within this blog have all now come to the attention of the respective authorities whereby they now face penal action for their roles in much of what has been revealed. This will be further covered once the courts have given their verdicts and whereby the crimes committed have been dealt with.
Meanwhile, the case of Slander against myself and the two others who valiantly fought to expose these people was thrown out by the courts and we were acquitted and found innocent, and the activities whereby the President of the NGO, his partner and the secretary and other board members who acted unlawfully in their running of this NGO have been passed onto the District Attourney for further analysis due to the severity of the actions committed by those covered in the article in which they attempted to sue us for, when it rightly revealed the true horror of the NGO and it's members as backed up by the information obtained from the NGO itself and the Ministries connected with it.
On a lighter note, what kind of no brained halfwit tries to sue you for slander when he himself provides Ministries with the documentation he then spends most of his lifetime boasting, about when it's a lie. . . Well, you can ask him yourself if you want, its just still too funny. . .
For more information feel free to visit my latest link, An 'Ode to Kostadis'.
Needless to say that all the evidence provided by ourselves was given to us by the Ministries concerned and highlighted the fact that all 5 members of the board of Directors, Kostadis Kabourakis, Chrysoula Botsi, Kostandinos Zikkas, George Papachristou and Andreas Grilleas all were found guilty of defrauding the state, not to mention some of who illegally claimed to be Doctors and abused the access this gave them to by gaining privvy to highly sensitive medical data, illegally obtained by decieving their way into hospitals and key HIV / Aids projects.
This was overseen by the one genuine member of the Greek CDC who worked for KEELPNO and was the financial Director (Chrysoula Botsi ),not only responsible for the financial issues currently under further investigation by Ministries, but who covered and was part of the deliberate deception whereby other members of the board could illegally pretend to be Doctors and provide false documentation to whoever required it over (now) a 15 year period.
The lies and slander go on by the afore mentioned people in their last ditched attempt to blame others and provide a smokescreen for what has been a very elaborate and deliberate opportunity by immoral people who took advantage of the HIV & Aids sector for their own gain.
——————————————————————————————- Original Post.
Its time the truth about ACTUP ΔΡΑΣΕ HELLAS came out as for over a year and a half whereby faced with the truth, the facts and the reality of their actions, they have openly lied, threatened and abused those who have sought to reveal the facts.
The presidents most recent bout of lies (Feb 2011) are highlighted here with links to the facts found on most posts on this blog.
Many of the proof's required are already online and covered in my latest blog entry which provides links to where the president has openly claimed to be a Doctor and other issues raised : https://fckdupathens.wordpress.com/2010/12/06/then-came-%CE%B8upermalaka-the-creation-of-an-uber-fckwit/
ACTUP ΔΡΑΣΕ HELLAS was formed in 1993, originally a HIV/Aids awareness group run by genuine members, activists and people suffering with the illness till 1995. For whatever reason it disappeared till 1999 whereby it was hijacked by two people who had ambitions of their own, who still coincidentally control and have been the source of the majority of problems recently discovered. Kostadis Kaburakis (Κωσταντής Καμπουράκης) and Chrysa Botsi (Χρυσούλα Μπότση), as well as other members that have since appeared to have elected themselves in charge and carried on with the Organisation, choosing to do so by abusing the name of a once respected organisation and their positions within the Ministries which they were connected to which allowed them the security and ability to act with impunity for nearly a decade.
From 2002 – 2010 they managed comfortably to lie and deceive their way into funding which they then treated as their own, provided false documentation and bogus receipts for projects, illegally had members claiming to be Doctors, whilst failing to provide any accountability for their actions secure in the knowledge that their Ministries, contacts and friends would all cover it up. Two members of the Board of Directors, (K Kaburakis and Andreas Grilleas) having pretended to be Doctors for nearly ten years, have illegally deceived people with HIV/Aids into trusting them and gained access to highly sensitive medical records through working for KEELPNO (the Greek CDC), Andreas Siggros Hospital (the main HIV/Aids Hospital in Athens), and by running non legal projects which jeopardized the confidentiality and safety of those who sought help.
They then having put themselves in a position to Blackmail people with these highly sensitive results accuse others who neither had the opportunity or the access to such records of committing such crimes. C Botsi and K Kaburakis, the Financial Director and President of this NGO who are known to be in a relationship, also work for the same ministry which employs them and funds them… Subsequently several receipts from the Island where C Botsi has her summer-house were handed in to an Investigation concerning financial Irregularities whereby the outcome revealed that the documentation and accountability of such evidence by ACTUP was neither satisfactory or valid, and as a result they have to pay back over 170,000.00 euro's to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (YΔΑΣ).
K Kaburakis and ACTUP for the last year have denied such an Investigation was ever ongoing and subsequently filed an illegal court case against myself to try to suppress the information by claiming that my report on SKAI Radio was false and to claim I didn't actually work there. In part the broadcast was wrong as I estimated that they had stolen about 50,000.00 euro's, 120,000.00 euro's short of what was actually discovered by the Investigators at ΥΔΑΣ. Since IKA have judged that ACTUP are also guilty of their Legal obligations with regards to my contract which subject to their own Investigation (371 / 14 / 06 / 2010), states that I was employed with ACTUP ΔΡΑΣΕ HELLAS for the duration I stated and they have been found guilty of failing their legal responsibilities, withholding my Insurance to which I knew all along, contrary to them stating that my Broadcast highlighting that they were under Investigation was lies, and that I have been holding them to ransom by claiming I worked there.
Justice in part is now being served at least, and with each new month brings new news. The details and all relevant documents discovered by myself and those who have sought to expose these criminals has now been handed over to the respective authorities and the outcome will be shortly decided upon. Since then other members of the Board of Directors, Kostantinos Zikas, Andreas Grilleas and George Papachristos have all tried to cover this up, and along with ACTUP ΔΡΑΣΕ HELLAS have filed illegal Lawsuits against those such as myself for exposing this information, and have been proven guilty of stealing funds which they have lied and deceived people about for the last ten years while they tried to persecute me and others for claiming that the story highlighted on the Radio broadcast was false.
For over a year now myself and several concerned colleagues & friends have been fighting to highlight several serious matters about this Non Governmental Organisation (NGO), despite being threatened, falsely sued for exposing the truth and several Ministries and News agencies trying to cover it up, and more recently slandered for doing so.
Well, you can't hide from the truth, freedom of speech and the facts, over a year and a half of fighting to expose those involved has proven that, and so far everything they themselves have done has exposed them further for the criminals they are. Should they like the chance to openly debate these issues, then this is an open site whereby we look forward to engaging with the subject matter we now have, we don't lock ourselves away behind hidden groups slandering innocent people, denying people the right to free speech, claiming to be something that we are not, and we don't fail to provide documentation to validate our claims and we neither make accusations which we can't prove unlike Kostadis Kaburakis and the other members of ACTUP have done for over a year now to ourselves, and for over ten years to everyone else.
Several online articles and National newspapers have confirmed what evidence we have gathered and many authorities involved have now also begun the steady process of Justice being carried out. It started out with Kostadis Kaburakis putting myself and a volunteer in a position whereby he expected us to fraudulently create documents to defraud the Ministry of Foreign Affairs here in Greece. We refused and upon returning to work some days later to discuss the matter with the rest of the Board of Directors discovered that they had changed the locks and denied us access to our place of work.
I was already owed money for several months and had been lied to and treated appallingly throughout my duration working there as it was. Having never been paid on time and forced to starve and nearly lose my house on several occasions whilst they robbed money from a number of sources to use as their own, enough was enough.
Myself and a volunteer (Christina Chorianopoulou) who was the backbone of ACTUP during my experience working their, had also seen a number of problems and between us we decided to tackle them to try to improve the way the organisation was being run. We first discovered that funds from a Jennifer Lopez concert had seemingly gone missing and having been told by K Kaburakis that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs also owed us money, it seemed strange to be in a position whereby our electricity and phones were being cut off, the Refuge centre next door had no water for over a month, forcing the people under our protection to suffer unnecessarily whilst we seemed helpless to do anything, and as we had a Lawyer acting on behalf of the Landlady threatening us with legal action for nearly a Years worth of Rent that was due. After a meeting between C Chorianopoulou and (YDAS) the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, we were informed that ACTUP had actually failed to provide any receipts or documentation for over 5 years.
We pushed K Kaburakis for these documents as we needed them to be resolved so we could actually discover what state our finances truly were in, whereby he claimed that they'd already lost the receipts, the previous accountant had caused them problems and had run off, as well as a number of other lies to try to absolve himself from the reality he now faced himself in. After two weeks or so of pushing him, he turned up to work with several carrier bags full of faded, old, illegible, non valid receipts. After we'd been through them and discovered how bad they were, he then asked us to help him fabricate a number of receipts to cover up what we estimated to be about 50,000 euro's.
We refused and after a heated argument between ourselves, whereby we explained in no uncertain terms that was he'd asked of us, and what he'd brought us was neither valid or acceptable, we left to discuss it further. The next few days we tried in vain to speak to the Financial Director, C Botsi whose job it was anyway, however the opinion of the other member we could discuss it with, K Zikas was that it was none of our business and that we weren't welcome any more doing what we did. At this point they changed the locks and the fight begun. Since K Kaburakis has claimed that the receipts were interfered with and that ACTUP had to re request several of these which is why it took so long for them to provide evidence to YDAS. Having been witness to the actual receipts at YDAS along with several of my colleagues who have been fighting this, we can all verify that the very same bullsh*t receipts he provided for us for cat food, dog food, sun tan lotion, champagne, trips to their summer-house, were in fact the very same ones they'd handed into YDAS, the ones he has many times denied, stating that he is 'no English lord' and has no problem accounting for what they chose fit to do with you, the tax payers hard-earned money. As it happens, yes you did have to worry about it and your blatant disrespect for the people who made you what you were, the ones who tried to help and those who funded you, who you in turn stole from, want to see the Justice you claim to be so eager to see.
Had you have ever turned up and presented yourself to the many trials at which you or others failed to attend, we wouldn't have to still be listening to your lies, however as with everything – all things good come to those who wait, and how we wait…
The articles and many reports upon ACTUP ΔΡΑΣΕ HELLAS :
SKAI radio ran a broadcast (In Greece) detailing the basics of what we had discovered already and this begun the ball rolling.
SKAI Radio Broadcast – 16th May, 2009 – (In Greek). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IRTbXitqrWE&feature=channel_page
First Story in Kathermini – 28-10-2009 – (In Greek). http://news.kathimerini.gr/4dcgi/_w_articles_ell_2_28/10/2009_335153
Verification of the demand by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs :
An English summary of the article covered in the National Newspaper & previous summary :
http://kallia-xa.blogspot.com/2010/05/odyssey-of-english-citizen.html http://kallia-xa.blogspot.com/2009/11/act-up-drase-hellas-how-non.html
As reported in Elethrotypia 23rd, May 2010 – (In Greek).
More Information will be posted shortly revealing the extent of the lies and deception deliberately carried out by these individuals, as will all relevant documentation to prove what has been discovered to be true by those who fought for Justice to prevail.
Latest News :
30th September, 2010. Confirmation has arrived from IKA (371 / 14 / 06 / 2010), stating that the Investigation surrounding ACTUP failing to uphold their legal obligation to my Insurance (IKA)whilst working there has been decided upon and that they have been found guilty and are now being subject to prosecution for withholding my Insurance and failing to submit the respective details during my contract of Employment.
Other links covering this subject can be found here :
External Sources & World media :


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News Room
Attend Southwest 8's Legislative Round Table!
Posted by Aubury Krueger on 11/20/2012
Attention Southwest Iowa seniors, family caregivers of seniors and service providers: Please plan to attend a Legislative Round Table Discussion with the newly elected and re-elected state representatives and senators from southwest Iowa. This important event will take place on Wednesday, November 28, 2012 from 10:00 - 11:30 am at the American Red Cross building on the Charles E. Lakin Human Services Campus in Council Bluffs, located at North 16th Street and Avenue G. Join legislators from southwest Iowa as we start the conversation on aging issues as our elected officials prepare for the new legislative session in January in Des Moines. Please call Kelly Butts if you would like to attend so that we can provide ample seating for all.
Kelly: 712-328-2540 ext. 1013


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Learn how to create a heterogeneous multicore system consisting of the ARM Cortex A9 processor on the processing system and a Microblaze processor on the programmable logic using Vivado. Then we will export the hardware to the software development kit and move through the step-by-step process on how to use the system debugger.


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