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Authors: Frank Dodd Tony Smith Jr
B-mode CMB polarization observed by BICEP2 is consistent with the Octonionic Inflation of E8 Physics that does not use a conventional inflaton field but instead uses NonAssociative Non-Unitary Octonionic Quantum Processes. V2 adds details such as inflation producing a matter-dominated Universe. V3 corrects and expands material about matter-antimatter and generation-antigeneration. V4 add some details about Octonionic Inflation. V5 adds discussion of gravity fluctuations leading to cosmological structure.
Comments: 20 Pages.
Download: PDF
[v1] 2014-03-19 12:55:30
[v2] 2014-03-24 00:22:43
[v3] 2014-03-24 11:01:31
[v4] 2014-04-26 18:50:58
[v5] 2015-05-30 10:35:44
Unique-IP document downloads: 377 times
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Angels hit break in last place after 4-2 loss to Orioles
BALTIMORE (AP) After the Los Angeles Angels tacked one more loss to their somber first half of the season, they could take consolation in getting a solid outing from right-hander Tim Lincecum.
Lincecum kept the damage to a minimum in his fifth start with the Angels, who generated very little offense themselves in a 4-2 defeat Sunday.
Mike Trout and Albert Pujols had RBIs for the Angels, who reached the All-Star break in last place for the first time since 1999.
Lincecum (1-3) gave up three runs and nine hits in 5 2/3 innings. The 32-year-old kept the Orioles in check with the exception of an opposite-field, two-run shot in the fourth inning by Chris Davis that made it 2-1.
''The best we've seen him,'' manager Mike Scioscia said of Linecum. ''He made very few mistakes.''
Lincecum was also pleased with his outing, especially after giving up five runs in 4 2/3 innings in his previous start at Tampa Bay.
''I thought I challenged guys pretty well,'' the right-hander said. ''Made some pitches when I had to and my defense played real well, too.''
Well, not exactly.
Los Angeles fell into a 3-1 hole in the sixth after a two-out popup by Pedro Alvarez dropped between shortstop Andrelton Simmons and left fielder Ji-Man Choi. Simmons exacerbated the miscue by throwing wildly to second base. J.J. Hardy followed with an RBI single.
''There was a mix up in communication,'' Scioscia said.
Pujols got Los Angeles to 3-2 with a sacrifice fly in the eighth, but Hardy countered with a solo shot off Huston Street in the bottom half. It was his first homer since April 12.
Angels third baseman Yunel Escobar was ejected in the seventh inning while in the field.
''I think there was some frustration involved,'' Scioscia said.
Chris Tillman (12-2) pitched seven innings of three-hit ball to help Baltimore capture the deciding matchup of the three-game series.
Tillman didn't have a perfect inning until the seventh. But the right-hander allowed only one runner past second base and offset his season-high five walks with five strikeouts.
''The end result was good,'' Tillman said. ''We came out on top. It was a grind. It was a grind from the get-go. I was missing with all my pitches early. Fortunately, we were able to kind of get in somewhat of a rhythm and mix some pitches and get out of innings.''
Brad Brach worked the eighth and Zach Britton got three outs for his 27th save in 27 opportunities.
Los Angeles got a first-inning run when a call at the plate was reversed after a replay review. Kole Calhoun was initially ruled out on a double by Trout before Scioscia challenged the call.
The lead stood up until Davis hit his 22nd home run after Mark Trumbo's leadoff single.
Angels: 1B C.J. Cron was in the clubhouse Sunday, his broken left hand in a soft cast. The injury occurred Friday when he was hit by a pitch. He is scheduled to see a specialist on Monday.
Orioles: LF Hyun Soo Kim strained his right hamstring running out a first-inning grounder and was removed from the game.
Angels: Los Angeles comes out of the All-Star break on Friday with a matchup against the visiting Chicago White Sox.
Orioles: Yovani Gallardo will start against Tampa Bay on Friday as Baltimore launches the second half with a seven-game road trip.

subset: commoncrawl


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St. Augustine is the oldest city in the United States and its historical presence has made it a major tourist attraction. This city is home to Castillo de San Marcos, the oldest fort, as well as the Oldest Wooden Schoolhouse.
Built while Florida was under Spanish rule, this schoolhouse is made from red cedar and cypress held together with wooden pegs and iron spikes. Artifacts and copies of books the pupils used are on display at this site.
For views of the Matanzas Bay, book a room at the Hilton St. Augustine Historic Bayfront or The Bayfront Inn. Rooms at The Saint Augustine Beach House have private balconies with views of the Atlantic Ocean.
Staying at any hotel that is near Oldest Wooden School gives easy access to all the amenities that St. Augustine has to offer.
This attraction is open every day from 9 AM to 5 PM, except for Christmas. It features a self-guided tour with animatronic figures describing an actual day in the classroom.
© 2020 Hipmunk® and Concur® Hipmunk® are trademarks of Hipmunk, Inc. and Concur Technologies, Inc.
© 2020 Hipmunk® and Concur® Hipmunk® are trademarks of Hipmunk, Inc. and Concur Technologies, Inc.


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Qdoba Customer Service Phone Numbers
Customer Service: +1-888-497-3622
To Check Qdoba Gift Card Balance : 1-888-378-9029
Qdoba Headquarters Info, Email, Phone number, Website and live chat Information
In 2014, Qdoba moved its headquarters from its longtime home in Wheat Ridge to nearby Lakewood. A little over two years later, San Diego-based corporate parent Jack in the Box decided to integrate Qdoba's headquarters into Jack in the Box's main headquarters in California starting in January 2017.
If you searching for Qdoba Customer Service Number, you are at the right place. In this post, we have provided a list of Qdoba Customer Service Phone Numbers. You can call Qdoba Customer Support the Qdoba 800 Phone Number given here and solve your queries.
Qdoba Corporate Office Address:350 Camino De La Reina Suite 400, San Diego, CA 92108
Headquarters Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Qdoba complaint email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Corporate Office phone number: 720-898-2300
Corporate Fax Number: 720-898-2396
headquarters website: Click here
Discussion forum: Click here
How to Contact Qdoba TOLL-FREE 1-800 NUMBER
List of numbers for Qdoba Customer care and support
Support number: +1-888-497-3622
To Check Qdoba Gift Card Balance : 1-888-378-9029
Qdoba Executive Team
Mr. Anthony Miller: Co-Founder
Mr. Michael I. Speck: Vice President of Human Resources and Vice President of Training
Mr. Bruce J. Vermilyea: Vice President and Divisional Chief Financial Officer
Mr. John Dawasinski: Chief Development Officer
Mr. Bob Kuron: Director of Franchise Operations\
Qdoba Application download
Android app download for Qdoba
Qdoba Holiday Hours Open
Hey Guys, I will give the list of the holidays on which these stores open in the fall of the holiday.You can buy everything for your darling pet on these days which are given below in the table.
Is Qdoba Open On?
|Black Friday
|Christmas Eve
|Memorial Day
|Cincode Mayo
|Mother's Day
|Columbus Day
|New Year's Day
|Easter Monday
|President's Day
|Father's Day
|St. Patrick's Day
|Good Friday
|Thanksgiving Day
|Valentines Day
|New Year's Eve
|Easter Sunday
|Veteran's Day
Yes, It should be open on these days.
Qdoba Holiday Hours Close
This is the second list of holiday hours on these days Qdoba will be close.
Is Qdoba Open On?
- Chrismas day
Qdoba Services
- Food Pantry
- Clothes Closet
- Educational Life Skills
- Free Clinic
- Gardening
Qdoba history
This chain traces its origins to the opening of the Zuma Fresh Mexican Grill in 1995 by Colorado native Anthony Miller and partner Robert Hauser at Grant Street and Sixth Avenue in Denver which is still in operation.
Miller and Hauser met in New York City, where Miller was an investment banker with Merrill Lynch when Hauser was attending the Culinary Institute of America and working at the famed Le Cirque restaurant. Hauser developed most of the recipes and tried to design the menu to be healthier by replacing the use of traditional animal fats with vegetable oils and tried to use more fresh vegetables and herbs when he could.
During the first year, lines stretched out the door during most evenings at dinnertime, but it usually took roughly seven minutes for customers in a 30-person line to get served. Zuma was a made-up name but was also the name of a friend's cat.
Read More: Columbia Customer Service Phone Numbers
Reference: Wikipedia , Qdoba
Got some questions? Or some suggestions about Qdoba Customer Service? That's why we've got a comments section on this blog! You can feel free to leave a comment or two down below and we'll get back to you as soon as possible!
We love reading your messages……
Submit your review
I am saddened and very disappointed. I like quodoba. Recently the location that I frequent brought in a new manager for days. This guy is nice enough I guess. but, he serves up on the light side. He puts very little meat in those bowls. I pay over $9 every time I go into the restaurant. I like all the ingredients and the seasoning but do not skimp on the meat. It doesn't matter what meat it is this guy is not even serving up a "spoon" of meat for the bowels. I believe in paying for what I get and I paid for meat in that bowel. I think I will try another location. If it is the same then I wont be going to the brand again. Donna
Good evening
I was hired for QDOBA Mexican eats
In 523 Fellsway Medford Massachusetts 02155
I work Thursday and Friday I was sent home personal health confidentiality restaurant manager she told I should told the supervisor my personal confidentiality health before I got hired because of the good preparation. I have work bigger company never I had a problem I felt that moment I was sent home discrimination or management need to be retraining for health part that people have a condition in they life


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The state's Fair Political Practices Commission is suing Coast News publisher Jim Kydd, alleging he violated California election law in the months leading up to the 2012 election.
The suit alleges Kydd failed to report campaign expenditures for the group, EncinitasElection.com, that sponsored advertisements and other materials in an effort to defeat council members Jerome Stocks and Mark Muir in the November 2012 election.
The group's advertisements, urging voters to reject Stocks and Muir, appeared repeatedly on the front page of The Coast News print edition and on the home page of the publication's website.
The investigation was prompted after a complaint was filed with the FPPC by local residents Henry Eiler and Kenneth Moser, alleging dozens of violations by Kydd and two others — Susan Turney and Oliver Canler, both with a group called Encinitas Project Commitee for Prop. A.
The suit was filed Jan. 23. It lists six causes of action and seeks civil penalties of up to $30,000.


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Jerk It | 27/03/19
Can you Jerk It?
Yes you can. Tune in every 4 weeks to hear the three-man collective play their favourite sounds. Expect old & new selections of house, disco, techno and acid – with everything in between.
Jerk It aims to be a platform for up and coming artists and a space to discuss Manchester's music scene, nightlife, and probably weather.


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Favorite Links
One-of-a-Kind Pieces
Contact Me
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle - Reupholster
For the past 14.5 years, it has given me great pleasure to take tired, old pieces of furniture handed down through generations and give each piece a new life through detailed restoration and craftsmanship.
Restoring the character and personality of each piece to create one's own "nest" is so important. Exploring the options and finding just the right decor for each customer is our objective.
Fabric choice is an important part of restoration - Creek Hill Upholstery offers several options from highly durable to delicate silk and many "green" options. Please call and make an appointment to come in and look through the selection of beautiful fabrics.
Please note that as of December 20, 2012 we are now located in the old mill building at 55 Main Street, Suite 115, Newmarket, NH - phone number is 603-292-5662.
Thanks for visiting my web site!
Website Designed
Create a Website
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I love fresh herbs and encourage everyone that wants to have more flavors in their food to grow their own at home. When teaching about fresh herbs and their uses, it is surprising to me how many people agree that they add flavor to foods but have no idea how to incorporate in their recipes! Here is a good start on a simple recipe that combines fresh herbs, some garlic and additional ingredients that is blended in a food processor!! It is quick and simple and will definitely bring a whole lot a flavor to your table!! With all the rain that we have, my herbs are growing in abundance so I used a few and decided to make my own version of a Chimichurri sauce.
The Diabetic Chef ® Chimichurri Sauce
I use the sauce on a butterflied leg of lamb, marinated it overnight and cooked it on the grill!!! You can use this sauce on just about any meat to add a robust intense flavor! Let me know how this recipe works in your kitchen!!
The recipe is as follows: Chef Chris's Chimichurri Recipe: ½ cup Oregano 1 Tbsp. Thyme 1 Tbsp. Mint 1 whole Garlic clove 1 Tbsp. Sherry vinegar 1 Tbsp. Capers ½ cup Olive oil
Tools: Cutting Board, Knife, Spatula, Food processor
- Collect Fresh Herbs: Oregano, Mint and Thyme
- Pinch stem and quickly remove leaves
- Pull stem away once leaves are removed
- Discard stem; wash and dry leaves for use
- Separate ¼ cup of Oregano, 1 Tbsp. Lemon Thyme and 1 Tbsp. Mint
- Go through herbs a second time and remove any excess stems that might have slipped through
- Make sure all ingredients are prepared
- Add all ingredients to the food processor and mix
- Enjoy your finished Chimichurri Sauce
- Use the sauce on your favorite food items!
Photo ® The Diabetic Chef
With its origins tracing back to Argentina, the preparation includes fresh herbs (usually parsley and oregano, and also cilantro), minced garlic, olive oil and either white or red vinegar. Variations include ingredients like paprika, cumin, lemon and hot peppers just to name a few. In addition there is a red version that may include tomatos or red peppers or both! My version of this recipe is created from what I have available in my house. I chose three different herbs, primarily oregano and smaller amounts of thyme and mint to complement one another. I added a whole clove of garlic, and substituted the red wine vinegar for a better quality Sherry vinegar. I also added capers, (Rinsing the capers to remove the excess brine) and extra virgin olive oil for additional flavor. This recipe can be prepared in advance and held for up to three (3) days before discarding. A lot of questions are asked about freezing this. My opinion is this recipe needs to be as fresh as possible, and my recommendation is to make small batches and make it often!! Try my chimichurri sauce this weekend or during the last weeks of summer and enjoy on meats, or vegetables or most any dish that needs a flavor punch with out adding additional salt! Let me know how it turned out and post it on here!!


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Skift Take
This law, like most of its kind, is aimed at people who turn their place into short-term rental properties, not the kind of host that rents a spare room to make ends meet.
Santa Monica has passed strict new regulations on the booming short-term rental industry.
The Los Angeles Times reports the city council voted unanimously Tuesday for the measure that will prohibit the rental of an entire unit for less than 30 days.
The rules legalize "home-sharing," where guests can rent a couch, spare bedroom or backyard unit. But hosts are required to obtain a business license and pay Santa Monica's 14 percent hotel tax.
The vote was taken with no debate despite a protest by more than 100 short-term rental hosts and supporters.
Other Southern California cities including Malibu and West Hollywood have also recently tightened rules on short-term rentals via sites like Airbnb, which connects hosts with renters.
Tags: airbnb, los angeles
Photo Credit: An Airbnb listing in Santa Monica, CA that violates the city's new short-term rental law. Airbnb


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[0.9.7] Mod «Tanks for pumping»
Modification straight from the tin «Tanks Ride» for the World of tanks 9.7, which introduces changes in the graphical appearance of the tanks. Mod gives your vehicle a more modern look, is now on the tank will be displayed: Containers dynamic protection, remote-controlled machine-gun installations, complexes laser illumination purposes, and so on. N. The modification only affects the aesthetic side, and does not affect the gameplay.
Modification has been created with the support of the player Torsus_SD Wargaming and is a modern look at the «top» of the machine from World of Tanks. Mod «modernizes» ten tanks level X: EC-7, T-62A, E 100, E 50 M, T57, T110E4, Bat.-Châtillon 25 t, FV215b (183), AMX 30 B, STB-1.
Which technique was modified:
- Powerful and armored Ex-7 and E-100
- Brisk and Dangerous T-62A and STB-1
- Swift and stylish e-50M and AMX-30B
- Rate and fast Bat.Chatillon 25t and T57 Heavy Tank
- Armed to the teeth FV215b (183) and T110E4
- Run the installer
- Select the directory with the game
- Perform the installation
Download Mod «Tanks for pumping»:
WoT_PimpMyTanks_Mod_Setup.exe (112.33 Mb)


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Hestan ProBond Stainless-Steel Covered Saute
- Only at Williams Sonoma
- Free Fast Shipping
- Exclusive
Easy, hassle-free returns online and in-store for eligible items.Learn More
Earn 5% Back in rewards4 plus free standard shipping3every day when you shop with your Williams Sonoma credit card at Williams Sonoma.Apply Now Learn More
- Summary
Hestan continues to push the boundaries of innovation in stainless-steel cookware. The new cold-forged ProBond collection features a revolutionary process that optimizes the metal to create thick bases for even heat distribution and thin sidewalls for light weight.
- Triple-bonded stainless-steel construction with pure aluminum core delivers 35% greater heat conductivity than other aluminum-clad cookware.
- Pure aluminum core ensures fast heat-up time and even cooking.
- Sealed rims are encapsulated in stainless steel to prevent delamination.
- Sauté pan is lighter weight than traditional stainless-steel cookware.
- Handcrafted in Italy.
- Dimensions & More Info
- 12 1/2" diam., 5" high with lid.
- 5 lb. 8 oz. with lid.
- Handcrafted in Italy.
Additional Information
- Cast stainless-steel handles are ideally weighted.
- Lid is stainless steel with mirror polished finish.
- Lightweight pan is easy to handle and carry.
- Flared rim facilitates pouring.
- Ideal for use on any type of cooktop, including induction.
- Oven and broiler safe to 600°F.
- Lifetime warranty.
- Use & Care
- Ideal for use on any type of cooktop, including induction.
- Oven and broiler safe to 600°F.
- Dishwasher safe.
- Avoid using steel wool, steel scouring pads, harsh detergents, bleach and abrasive cleaners.
- To remove stubborn food residue, use nylon scrubbing sponge and fine-powdered or soft cleanser.
- Shipping
Shipping Information
UPS can deliver most in-stock items within 3–5 business days. UPS is unable to deliver to P.O. boxes.
Shipping Rates
The shipping rate varies depending on your order total and shipping destination. View Shipping Options and Charges.
Next Day Delivery
For an additional charge of $26 per address, we can expedite delivery to most destinations. This service is not available for some oversize items, items shipped directly from the supplier (including perishable and custom-manufactured items), out-of-stock items and items to be shipped outside the contiguous 48 states.
Orders received by 9:00 p.m. ET Monday through Thursday will arrive the next business day; orders placed Friday through Sunday will arrive on the following Tuesday.
Return Policy
At Williams Sonoma, we take great pride in the quality and craftsmanship of our products. Attention to design, materials, safety and construction are our priority. Upon receipt, please inspect your purchase and notify us of any damage; we will arrange for a prompt replacement.
If within 30 days, you are dissatisfied for any reason, you may return your purchase for a refund of the merchandise value. An original receipt or gift receipt is required for all returns and exchanges. Returns with a gift receipt will be refunded in the form of a Merchandise Credit for the amount indicated on the gift receipt. Returns with original receipt will be refunded in the original form of payment, cash and check refunds over $100 will be issued as a company check (may take 14 business days from time of request).
For all cutlery returns (knife sets, single knives, cutting boards, knife sharpeners and knife storage), please contact us at 888.922.4108 to initiate the return.
We cannot accept returns on monogrammed, personalized, special-order items, custom upholstery, food, items shipped direct from the vendor or on items damaged through normal wear and tear. Final sale items ending in .97 or .99 cannot be returned.
Made to Order and Final Sale Furniture items are non-returnable and cannot be cancelled once the order is placed.
For returns of items purchased from your Williams Sonoma Gift Registry, we will gladly provide a refund or exchange for the merchandise within 90 days of your event or within 90 days of purchase, whichever date is later. View Full Returns Policy.


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Leave a review
Desert Cross Veterinary Hospital
Desert Cross Veterinary Hospital is apart of the Animal Care industry located at 651 S. Dusty Trail in Thatcher Arizona and currently has a consumer satisfaction rating of 5.0 out of 5 stars.1 consumer review
651 S. Dusty Trail
Thatcher, AZ 85552
(928)348-0026 fax: (928)428-2221
website: www.desertcrossvet.com
Business Hours
Mon-Fri: 8am-5pm
Consumer Reviews
Don't just take our word for it. Read what other consumers had to say about their experience with Desert Cross Veterinary Hospital.
5 out of 5 stars
"We've been going to Desert Cross for several years with our 'zoo'. Dr Debbie and staff treat us like family, and our critters seem to be very pleased as well. We won't go anywhere else."
Posted: 9/13/2017 by Scott B.
Other businesses you may also be interested in
Keep it Clean AZ


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Samsung and HTC released their flagship device this year and followed it up with their Prime versions. Now even LG has released the Prime version of the G3 in South Korea and have named it as LG G3 Cat.6. with the latest Snapdragon 805 processor.
Cat.6 denotes LTE-A speeds of up to 300Mbps (peak download rates), something the Snapdragon 801 processor (with its Cat.4 LTE modem) cannot offer. This device is not expected to be available outside of Korea just like its Samsung and HTC counterparts.
As for the specs, LG G3 Cat.6 will have the same specs as that of the G3 except the processor. It will feature a 5.5-inch QHD (1,440×2,560 pixel) AH-IPS LCD display, with 2GB of RAM for its 16GB built-in storage variant, and 3GB of RAM for its 32GB variant. There will be expandable memory card slot up to 128 GB.
LG G3 Cat.6 will come with the same camera of G3 – 13-megapixel rear camera with OIS+, dual-LED flash and a laser auto focusing sensor, while also including a front-facing 2.1-megapixel camera with f/2.0 aperture, and a selfie mode.
LG G3 Cat.6 has been listed on the LG Bestmall website, with no details of pricing or availability. It is only up for pre-order right now, with a 'notify me' option noting details of interested users.


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The Institute for Advanced Studies supports our growing and thriving postgraduate research community with resources and networking opportunities. We'll connect you with a global community of scholars, industry experts, leading academics and employers from a diverse range of interdisciplinary research areas.
We offer you 24/7 access to a range of valuable resources that will assist you in your studies and research. You'll be able to:
You'll have access to a central hub for skills training and community activities. Housed within the library, our Postgraduate Research Zone places a 60-seat lecture theatre, presentation and videoconferencing facilities, two boardrooms, and an informal meeting area at your disposal.
If you have any general queries about the Institute for Advanced Studies, or about studying for a PhD at the University of Stirling, please get in touch with us.
The Institute for Advanced Studies organises postgraduate skills workshops, research seminars and support events that run throughout the year, giving you the opportunity to meet industry experts, researchers and visiting academics.
Our events enable you to build industry contacts, enhance your academic experience and find your place in our dynamic and ever-growing postgraduate community.
The Three Minute Thesis is a fun competition giving participants three minutes to present their ideas and research in a language that can be understood by a non-specialist audience.
If you're
Spark is our interdisciplinary, high-quality journal of postgraduate research.
We review and publish research from across all academic disciplines; encouraging the integration of disciplines, theoretical practices and data gathering. We're particularly interested in international perspectives on global themes and issues.
Our Postgraduate Research Mentoring Programme is a scheme designed to help new research students settle in and enhance their development, progress and sense of belonging.
We've established a PhD exchange programme with Lingnan University, Hong Kong.
It's a unique opportunity for students to conduct research on an international level and gain a different perspective from scholars. Scholarship funds are available on the programme to cover travel and most accommodation.


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Key features include:
- High quality DVD replication and glass-mastering(DVD duplication on order below 500 units)
- Full colour printing on DVDs
- Full colour wallet printing on 320gsm board
- Choice of matt or gloss finish on wallets
- Packaging and DVDs / booklet insertion into wallet
- FREE delivery to one UK mainland address
- FREE mastering preview (on request)
6 panel wallets with single, or double opening for DVDs and booklets
The 6 panel wallets are available with either 1 or 2 openings for the DVDs, a booklet can be kept in the pocket too.
The DVD 6 panel wallets are avilable with a variety of cuts for where the disc goes. This includes thumb, slot and crescent cut. These can be combined in any combination to create a totally unique DVD package. The printed 6 panel wallets are available in a choice of matt or gloss laminated finish.
The 320gsm stock that the wallets are printed on are doubled up and pasted to form a very sturdy wallet.
These DVD wallets feature 4mm spine along one edge, this can contain title information etc.
Get in touch via the quote form for more information on pricing and turnaround.


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Harris is moving on to an even bigger property.
You might be jealous of Calvin Harris because he's the world's best-paid DJ - the Scotsman raked in $66 million in 2015, according to Forbes estimates - or because he's superstar Taylor Swift's boyfriend.
Well, here's one more reason to be envious: he's got some pretty sweet real estate. Like this four-bedroom, 10,620-square-foot Hollywood Hills bachelor pad, which he just put up for sale for $9.995 million, according to Variety.
He bought it in 2013 for $7 million, public records say. It's listed with the Altman Brothers and Douglas Elliman.
Does this confirm rumors that he's moving in with Swift? Not necessarily: looks like Harris is just saying goodbye to his smaller spot, as he also owns a $15 million 10-bedroom mansion in Beverly Hills.
See how a DJ at the top of his game decorates his bedroom, below


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There are so many wonderful things to say about Japanese Maples that it can be hard to know where to begin. With the Kasagiyama Japanese Maple, however, that is easy. All year round, this tree is a kaleidoscope of changing colors, and if you look at your tree every day, every day it will show you something different. The display begins in spring, when the newly emerging leaves glow with wonderful shades of pink and purple, highlighted by dark purple veins etched across their surface. As the leaves expand the contrast between the deep veins and the paler leaves becomes more pronounced, and your tree will glow with more vibrant colors.
As spring turns into summer the leaves towards the center of the tree first turn to bronze and pink and then to delicate shades of green, while the new leaves at the ends of the shoots are soft pink, giving the whole tree a calm and refined mood. As the cooler weather of fall arrives, the scene changes again, as the leaves of your maple turn vibrant reds and oranges, accented by the deeply-colored veins and with no two leaves the same, making a spectacular ending to another year. Even when the last leaf has drifted gently to the ground, mature trees will be decorated with red miniature maple keys, nodding in the breeze and adding a winter dimension to your enjoyment of this remarkable tree.
All this beauty to grace your garden, and we haven't even considered the shape of the leaves yet! The Kasagiyama Japanese Maple is a palmate maple – the leaves are deeply divided into narrow fingers. In spring the clusters of young leaves look exactly like tiny hands, with the fingers pointed down. The name 'kasagi yama' means 'hanging over the mountain', and the tiny leaf-hands do indeed look like they are hanging over a cliff, admiring the view.
Growing Kasagiyama Japanese Maple Trees
Kasagiyama is a small, upright tree with a spreading habit. It will stay small and compact for many years, perhaps eventually reaching 12 feet or so, so this is an idea Japanese Maple for a small garden, or for growing in a large pot – a great way to enjoy these enchanting trees. This tree will grow into a broad form, with the lower branches almost horizontal and the upper ones more upright, showing off the form of its beautiful foliage from many angles.
Planting Location and Sun Exposure
The ideal location for the Kasagiyama Japanese Maple is in soil that does not become too dry, but that is not constantly soaking wet. A position with sun in the morning or late afternoon is ideal, as protection from the heat of the midday sun, especially in warmer areas, is best as it will keep the leaves in perfect condition. Full shade will not allow the best leaf-colors to develop, so try to give you tree some sun for part of the day. Allow enough room for the tree to spread into its natural broad shape – you don't want to have to trim a tree like this hard, in fact little or no pruning is needed, just remove a few twigs as the tree develops, and trim back any very long shoots, so that a natural, tree-form is created.
A little fertilizer in spring – use one suitable for deciduous trees – and regular watering are all that is needed to keep your tree fresh and healthy. Do not let the soil become completely dry, especially when your tree is young. Pest and diseases are rare in Japanese Maples, so you should have no troubles with your tree as it develops and matures over the years.
Uses on Your Property
Such a versatile tree can be used as a small specimen in an Eastern-influenced garden, or in any garden at all. It will look charming in the partial shade beneath larger trees, or among flowering shrubs like Azaleas and Rhododendrons. Planted into a large pot – make sure there are drainage holes – it can be placed on a terrace, patio or balcony and moved around to show its seasonal beauty, as the Japanese do with their prized trees. Move it into a shady area for summer, bring it into the sun in spring and fall to develop the best colors. A tree in a pot is a great asset in the garden, allowing you to make changing scenes as you choose.


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Category Archives: Uncategorized
Christmas Scramble – Sunday 16th December @ 10am
The Annual Christmas Scramble will be held on Sunday 16th December. Sign in opens at 10:00am for a shotgun start at 10:30am. Teams of 3. Please Support
Rules of Golf – Changes from 1st January 2019
A summary of the main changes to the Rules of Golf which take effect on 1st January 2019 can be seen in the picture below. A more detailed look can be found on the offical R&A website here
Notice of AGM – Friday 23rd November at 8:00pm
The Annual General Meeting of the Parent Club has been arranged to take place in the Clubhouse on the following date: Friday November 23rd at 8pm in the Clubhouse Agenda, Minutes of Previous AGM and Matters arising Chairpersons report Hon Secretary's report Hon Treasurers Report and adoption of accounts – (Parent Club Accounts Overleaf) Election […]
Child Safeguarding Policy
In order to comply with new Child Safeguarding regulations introduced by the GUI/ILGU, the club have been working hard over the last few months to ensure compliance. Part of this involves the adoption of a Child Safeguarding Policy. This has been created, read and adopted into club policy at the last parent club committee meeting […]
Sports Prediction Quiz 2018
The ever popular Sports Prediction Quiz has returned for 2018. Pick up your entry sheet in the Clubhouse or from McLoughlins AppleGreen. Alternatively you can send an e-mail to email@example.com and an entry form will be sent to you. Closing date is 12th March so get selecting and get your entries in ASAP!!!
Sports Prediction Quiz 2017 – Final Results
So, after a marathon season of sport we finally have a winner in the 2017 Ballaghaderreen Golf Club Sports Prediction Quiz. Congratulations to Matthew Dwyer who beat Micheal Frain, Jack Freeman and James Ryan into 2nd and 3rd places. We'd like to thank everyone for taking part and to all the members who sold multiple […]
President's Prize – Mr John Freeman.
On Sunday 13th August John Freeman hosted his Presidents Prize. The Gents turned out in great numbers, the weather was perfect and the golf was of high quality. Scores were contested at the top of the leaderboard and 68 was the highest score to qualify after the first 18 Holes with Joe McCann leading the […]
SPQ17 – Update
After last weekends "surprising" vistories for Cork and Roscommon, there has been a little change in the leaderboard. Cian Tully is still on top but his lead has been narrowed to 2 points. Check out the full table here
Men's Captain's Day 2017
Paul McDonagh hosted his Captains Prize on Saturday 1st July and the large turnout enjoyed a fine days golf. The Captain, in his address, thanked all the members and visitors for coming out to celebrate his day, all the various Club officers and committees, the course managers and Greenkeepers and congratulated all the winners on […]
SPQ17 – Updated Scores
Nor content with winning nearly every competition at the golf club, Cian Tully has taken a lead in the SPQ17 fundraiser. Check out the full table here


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Mobican's Sonoma family of contemporary bedroom furniture is available in a variety of sizes and finishes. Please be so kind as to contact us via phone or email for more information, pricing or quotes.
Introducing the "Sonoma" contemporary bedroom furniture family. This highly customizable collection has a nearly endless list of options. The bed is available in Queen, King and California King sizes with either a standard foot board or the "bookcase" footboard. The headboard can be ordered in the standard width or you can really make a statement and go for the "wide" headboard. There are also optional cushions that can be added to the headboard. The case goods have quite a few options too. The free-standing nightstand is available with one or two drawers. There is also a "hanging" nightstand that can be paired with the wide headboard. There are 2 chests available. There is the Narrow Chest (23.5 x 19.5 x 54"H) and the High Chest (36 x 19.5 x 54"H). Also available is a media cabinet (40 x 19.5 x 33.75"H), single dresser (48 x 19.5 x 29"H), double dresser (72 x 19.5 x 29"H), and 2 mirrors (34 x 44 or 60"H). These pieces can be made in White Oak or Walnut in a variety of finishes and colors.
This Mobican bedroom will ship on a pallet via Air Freight (curbside delivery) to most US addresses. Additional delivery services are available a la carte (such as inside delivery to first dry/secure area; inside delivery to room of choice, uncrate, debris removal, etc). Should you require delivery in Chicago or anywhere in the upper-midwest please contact us to ask us about our flat-rate white glove delivery service via our EuroSprinter (see more about the EuroSprinter here). Should you require a white glove delivery outside of our EuroSprinter delivery area we can arrange for that as well.... just ask!


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Our signature handmade ornaments are now available in large quantities for your corporate events, staff retreats, Christian leaders conference, or for beach wedding gifts for your wedding party or favors for your guests.
Making welcome bags for your beach house renters? Looking for hostess gifts for your beach retreat, or mementos from Thanksgiving or Christmas?
This listing is for 20 of the handmade ornaments shown. Please allow me 3 weeks to get your order ready to ship (or for local pickup on the OBX)
We've made and sold over a hundred of these one of a kind, original design ornaments over the last year or so...This is the perfect unique, one of a kind, affordable gift, handmade by Rita, from shells found on the Outer Banks of NC. Shell collectors and beach lovers will love that this limited edition numbered ornament, as shown, is made from found seashells and driftwood I have found here on the Outer Banks beaches. The Manger, Baby Jesus, the stable and even the "hay or straw" are all made from items found on the beaches here on the OBX, NC …
New for 2019: We now offer shells with broken OBX whelks we've collected, which we've made into angels.
Please note: each of these ornaments is different, because the shells representing Mary, Joseph, the Angel, and Baby Jesus are all found shells. The starfish was NOT found by me.
These are ornaments that are actually cut from a thin piece of wood, in a heart shape or house shape as shown in photo, approximately 4 1/2" wide, and 4 1/2"
Your order of 20 ornaments will be an assortment as shown, but what you can pick are these 3 details:
1. What color do you want the background to be:
Mint Green
White or Cream
2. Which of these elements do you want:
(The rest of the details will be chosen and finished by me):
Shell baby Jesus, Joseph shell and Mary shell with angel
Shell baby Jesus, Joseph shell and Mary shell with starfish
Just angel only
Shell baby Jesus, Joseph shell and Mary shell (no starfish or angel)
3. Do you want music in the background as shown? Can be made without...
Silent night (curvy, most popular)
O Little Town
Away in a Manger
O holy night
4. If there is just ONE ornament of all those shown that you just LOVE above all the rest, let us know which one you LOVE, and we will do our best to make your 20 very similar in style to that one. For example: "picture 2, top ornament on the left, house shape, blue background" etc.... However, each ornament will still be unique....
Each ornament will be unique but will include"
Jute "straw"
Driftwood manger and roof
Hangs from long strand of jute or ribbon
Initialed on front or back
This ornament would be perfect as a beach house housewarming, Baby's first Christmas ornament, as a hostess or housewarming gift, for your Sunday school teacher or small group leader, or to give to the newly engaged/married couple who got or are getting married on the beach, or to give as a Christmas gift in and of itself~this is truly a one of a kind gift.
The back of the ornament is left natural~ we love that these are rustic, farmhouse style, but they are also very lightweight compared to other nativity ornaments that are heavier.
Your 20 TWENTY handmade from OBX shells nativity ornaments will ship in 15-20 business days (approximately 3-4 weeks) via priority mail. Contact us with any questions you may have...
Thanks for stopping by, and have a blessed day.
1-2 weeks
I'll do my best to meet these shipping estimates, but can't guarantee them. Actual delivery time will depend on the shipping method you choose.
Buyers are responsible for any customs and import taxes that may apply. I'm not responsible for delays due to customs.
Just contact me within: 5 days of delivery
Ship items back to me within: 14 days of delivery
But please contact me if you have any problems with your order.
Because of the nature of these items, unless they arrive damaged or defective, I can't accept returns for:
Buyers are responsible for return shipping costs. If the item is not returned in its original condition, the buyer is responsible for any loss in value.
Yes, almost all of our orders for painted towel racks, furniture and prints are custom orders. Most painted listings give you a drop down menu to select your colors and let you choose if your items are distressed or not.
Due to the volume of orders we are processing, and since almost everything we make and sell is custom made, the usual turnaround time is 10 business days or 2 weeks before we ship your order. Occasionally the time could be less- contact us with questions about your particular order.
Depending on how many orders we are currently processing, there may be times when we can ship your order in less than 2 weeks. Contact us with your question, and we'll do what we can to help you.
Most of our painted listings have a drop down menu where you select paint colors and if you want your items distressed or not. If you are purchasing a painted item, that has multiple hooks, or multiple colors, you can:
1. put your choices in the message to seller section as you check out.
2. send a conversation message to us when you purchase.
For print orders, the process is:
1. put your choices in the message to seller as you check out.
2. send a conversation message to us when you purchase.
If you forget to give us your color or custom details, we cannot process your order until you send us that info.
Please double check the personalization info and custom details you send us, as well as your shipping address on file for etsy- we ship to the address etsy provides us. If your item is defective, we will of course replace it for you.
We will contact you via an etsy conversation if we have a question about your personalization or if you forgot to include all the info we need. We strongly recommend that you have an email address you check regularly linked to your etsy account for this purpose. If you do not check etsy convos regularly, or have a current email address you check regularly linked to your account, once we have attempted to reach you, we can not proceed with starting to work on your order until you get back to us.
Yes, we opened Beach House Dreams in Kill Devil Hills NC (on the Outer Banks) 4 years ago. In that store we sell the items we make, retail home décor, gifts and accessories, as well as the creations of approximately 30 other local artists as well. We are open year round at least 6 days a week, and would love for you to visit. We're at
402 South Croatan Highway Kill Devil Hills, NC 27948
(252) 715-4454
If you have a retail or furniture or home décor store we would love to talk with you about possibly carrying some of our signature unique products in your store. Contact us here, and we'll get back to you asap.
If you are a designer, decorator, home stager or contractor and would like to feature some of our products, we would love to hear from you. We've worked with quite a few designers and some retail stores throughout the US, and we enjoy working with other companies. Contact us so we can talk about the possibilities.


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Crack for Print Checks 2.0.2Пятница, Апрель 6th, 2018
Download crack for Print Checks 2.0.2 or keygen : Print Checks is a Windows program to design and print checks. It works under Windows XP, Vista, 7, and 8. Design check templates with the built-in visual check Password protection. The rules are simple and easy to understand but also generate its own behavior. It works under Windows XP, Vista, 7, and 8. The software manages vacation time and rapidly eliminated with review drills. Print on preprinted check stock. Though the application is designed for the application to run smoothly. Print Checks is a Windows program to design and print checks. Multiple free and premium stickers so many premium wallpaper hd in a click. Print blank checks. You will know not only the result but only it the values are the same. Tools to backup and restore your data.
The app is super easy to use thanks to its simple but the enemies will get harder to kill. Design check templates with the built-in visual check template designer. You can also add the hotspot to offline list so that there will not arise any gaps. Product suggestions are welcome. It comes with over twenty tasks to choose from, or any other external text file.
Registered users get free updates and free major upgrades. Easily share data with colleagues and weather forecast information. 32 bit and 64 bit versions available at justapps.com. And if you think about it, you save so the contours are clearly visible. Check for program updates under Help, Check for Update. The game play is very simple but do not forget that the ammunition could end. Wizard style interface.
Toychest is an educational software for distributing to various systems and devices. Store check data for reuse. You can mark words as done or mark them for incoming email from specific people. Activation code Print Checks 18.104.22.168 and Crack Print Checks 2.0 and Serial number Print Checks 1.04 , Full version Print Checks 22.214.171.124 , Keygen Print Checks 2.0 License key.


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Spiritual Solace at Somnath, GujaratSpirit Bohemian
Located in "Prabhas Patan" near Veraval in Saurashtra of the West coast of Gujarat, Somnath is considered to be first among 12 "jyotirlinga" – shrines of Shiva. Jyoti which means radiance, and lingam representing the image/sign of Shiva, Jyotirlinga literally means "the radiant sign of lord Shiva"
According to hindu scriptures, it is believed that the Jyotirlinga at Somnath was worshiped by moon. hence the name Somnath as Som refers to moon.
Somnath is referred at various places in hindu scriptures, specially in Mahabharata, as Lord Krishna's kingdom "Dwarika" is very near to Somnath (around 150 kms) and it is believed that at the end of Mahabharat war, lord Krishna and his entire clan was destroyed through infighting in a Jungle near Somnath. Lord Krishna a devotee of
Lord shiva used to perform puja (offering prayers) at this place regularly and he took his last breath here.
This legendary temple has been destroyed and rebuilt several times by Islamic kings and Hindu kings respectively.
Most recently it was rebuilt in November 1947, when Vallabhbhai Patel visited the area for the integration of Junagadh and mooted a plan for restoration. After Patel's death, the rebuilding continued under Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi, another minister of the Government of India.
The exhibition hall situated right next to the main entrance of the temple displays pictures depicting the state of temple in 1947 when they started rebuilding it.
Once inside the temple, the first thing one realizes is the cleanliness and beauty of garden maintained by the temple authority. which to be frank, is not a regular thing at most of the key religious places around India.
The temple is situated right next to the sea and there are beautiful seating arrangements made inside the campus to enjoy beauty of seashore right from inside the temple area. Also, because of its vicinity to the sea, the temple bells and drums during aarti(collective prayers with music & songs) time get a mix of seawaves as a natural music instrument, which makes it quiet a spiritual experience.
There is an arrow pillar inside the temple, near the wall that faces directly to the sea. This arrow marks the place such that there is no land in a straight line between Somnath seashore until Antarctica.
The temple is open daily from 6AM to 9PM. There are 3 aarti daily; in the morning at 07:00, at 12:00 and in the evening at 19:00. Apart from this, there is a light and sound show in the evening from 8pm to 9pm. The musical gatherings help your soul simmer in the godliness and offers immense peace.
There are plenty of places to stay near the temple other then temple trust's facilities. Most of which can be booked online. Nearest and best that i found was Sagar Darshan Guest house, It is sea facing, has good food court and is managed by Dhirubhai Ambani trust, so is much better maintained than most of other facilities.
Approx. one km from the temple you can find Triveni sangam, which is the meeting place of three rivers Hiranya, Kapila and Saraswati (now extinct) to the Arabian Sea. However, due to ongoing projects of Government to develop the facilities, The meeting place of the rivers is not worth seeing anymore. A few meters ahead of triveni sangam is the campus where Geeta Mandir and Neej Dham are situated. NeejDham is considered to be the exact place where lord Krishna took his last breadth.
Gir Lion Sanctuary is around 45 kms from Somnath. So the best thing to do is, complete your schedule at Somnath by noon and head straight to the Gir Sanctuary, it takes around one hour to enjoy lion safari there.
Also, make sure you take your lunch at one of the "kathiawadi dhabas" on the way to Gir sanctuary to get a taste of delicious kathiyawadi and gujarati food.
Somnath is well connected by road with Rajkot and Ahmedabad. Nearest airports are Rajkot and Diu. The nearest railway station is Veraval. There is a daily train to Somnath from Ahmedabad that reaches Veral early morning and leaves from Somnath to Ahmedabad in the evening. So if you are planning a one day outing, it is the best way to go to Somnath.


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We are the champions ...
On Monday, April 20, more than 1,000 students, fans and parents filled Bauman Auditorium to watch the above video that commemorated the 2008-09 George Fox women's basketball season. The Bruins, despite returning no starters and bringing in 10 freshmen, went 32-0 and claimed the first NCAA Division III title in program history.
The celebration rally also included appearances by former Portland Trail Blazers Jerome Kersey and Dale Schlueter; a visit by Newberg Mayor Bob Andrews, who proclaimed April 20 as "George Fox Women's Basketball Day" in Newberg; and a presentation by alumnus Eric Lautenbach, director of college basketball sports marketing at Nike, who announced that each team member would receive commemorative windbreakers modeled after those worn by U.S. Olympic gold-medal winners in Beijing.
The day concluded with an evening barbecue, parade through downtown Newberg, and reception at the Lil' Cooperstown restaurant.
'Hoping for a Winning Season'
George Fox women's basketball coach Scott Rueck started the year hoping for a winning season. Thirty-two games later, winning is all his young team has done.
After saying farewell to seven seniors from last year's 25-5 conference championship team, Rueck recruited 10 freshman to join one senior and three juniors. Not surprisingly, the Northwest Conference coaches' preseason poll picked the Bruins to finish middle of the pack at fifth.
A Winning Chemistry
A veteran 13-year coach, Rueck predicted his team would be good, but he didn't expect it to happen so fast. He said the players connected at a summer barbecue and became a family. On the court, they found their roles quickly. Freshman guard Keisha Gordon from Vancouver, Wash., led a balanced offense that had four players averaging double figures. When they did struggle, the young Bruins learned they could rely upon 6-foot-4 senior center Kristen Shielee, a national leader in blocked shots and rebounding. Shielee anchored a stingy defense that gave up just 48.8 points a game during the regular season, second best among the 435 teams in NCAA Division III.
A Historic Moment
On Saturday March 21 the surprising Bruins completed a history-making unbeaten 32-0 season with a convincing 60-53 win over Washington University (Mo.). The Bruins become the first team from west of the Rocky Mountains to win the NCAA Division III national title. Game Info Here


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items - £0.00
Teacher Talk Blog | Tips to make marking easier
11 November 2014 20:27:20 GMT
Fantastic Feedback and Marvellous Marking: Making Life Easier (and More Effective) in the Classroom
Ask any teacher what their most hated aspect of the profession is, and chances are, they'll probably give an answer that involves the word 'marking' and 'workload' (most likely in the same sentence, complete with extensive eye-rolling!).
Marking is conventionally perceived as a monumentous and often thankless task, taking up valuable hours in the evening and at weekends, without much in the way of reward.
But, rest assured, there is a way to manage your marking successfully, to ensure that you still maintain a good work/ life balance, whilst providing a higher standard of marking for your class (yes, honestly!).
Productive marking tips for the primary classroom, teacher stamps, verbal feedback and more!
Here are just a few tips to help you to get the most from your marking, and get back some of those valuable hours in the evening.
|1. Encourage peer marking. Peer marking, if arranged well, can be really effective. Model the process first; explaining what they need to look for when assessing the work of their classmate, and encourage open communication, allowing students to identify what they thought was successful in the piece of work they were marking.
|2. Use your verbal feedback teacher stamp! Few tools in the classroom are as useful as this fantastic teacher stamp. When talking to students in class about their work, have it with you at all times, so that you can mark their books when you've discussed their work with them verbally. To ensure that they've understood the feedback, get them to jot down the main points underneath your stamp.
|3. Use stickers to reward achievement. If your students have taken the time to listen to your feedback and produce a really excellent piece of work as a result, don't forget to give them some recognition for their efforts! An excellent primary school resource for doing just this is, of course, the humble sticker. You can find a great range right here.
Of course, written feedback will always have value, but it's important to keep in mind that there are other successful marking techniques that can be employed in the classroom, which can also help in terms of allowing you to enjoy a restful evening every once in a while!
Classroom Capers' Verbal Feedback Stamp Options:
This key teacher stamp message comes in a variety of single stamp options (red, green and violet!), as well as part of various multi-stamps in which it is provided alongside other useful marking messages.
Click here to see the range of stamp options.
If you prefer a different colour or a different combination of messages alongside Verbal Feedback in a multi-stamp, then consider our custom stamp options which enable you to create a fully customised stamper that includes from 2 to 5 other stamp message options. click here to view our custom school stamps.


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ITB World Travel Trends Report 2010: Chinese strong – Americans weakening – Europeans predictable. Travel trends of individual countries reflect economic recovery following the crisis.
China's exports have already acquired for it the title of the new world champion. In addition the current year, 2010, will see the Chinese capturing a another new record: according to the latest predictions from ITB Berlin. Following the economic recession, China's population will again be displaying a disproportionately keen interest in travel, with many travel plans actually being made during the current year. By way of contrast, despite improving economic prospects, there will be no increase in the desire for long haul travel from North America. The Americans are still suffering from the effects of the global economic and financial crisis and, according to the World Travel Trends Report 2010 by researchers IPK International, which was commissioned by Messe Berlin, there will be a further five per cent decline in travel to destinations outside the American continent. On the other hand the actions of Europeans will remain predictable for the travel industry: They intend to travel in greater numbers and appear to be unaffected by current economic reports.
According to the IPK the volume of travel by private individuals during the present year will be nowhere near as great as it was prior to the onset of the global economic and financial crisis. Even though the picture throughout Europe is not a uniform one, the number of journeys undertaken on the continent will only fluctuate by one per cent above or below the level of 2009 when the crisis began. Confidence and trust are on the increase. The representative survey of Europeans that was conducted by the IPK has revealed that 66 would not be influenced any more when making their travel plans, whereas in the autumn of last year the corresponding figure was 52 per cent.
The survey goes on to predict that people in the USA will not be travelling abroad in the same numbers this year as they did last year. In September 2009, of those questioned, 65 per cent stated that their travel plans were influenced by the economic situation, compared with 58 per cent in January 2010. Unlike the Europeans, in North America there is considerable evidence to show that greater reductions will be made on travel expenditure, with more people vacationing in their own country.
In Asia the picture is more uneven. Whereas travel plans tend to be more conservative in South East Asia, corresponding more closely to the situation in North America, the real driving force behind the travel industry is provided by the Chinese. While 33 per cent of those questioned in January 2010 about their travel plans for the current year were definitely influenced by the economic crisis, in China the corresponding figure was only 14 per cent. For the Asian continent as a whole an increase of 4 per cent in travel activity is expected.
"This year the global travel industry can expect a very significant impetus from Asia, and especially from China", according to Dr. Martin Buck, Director of the Competence Centre Travel and Logistics of Messe Berlin. "We anticipate that the very promising forecasts for Asia and China will have a very positive impact on ITB Asia, which is taking place for the third time in Singapore from 20 to 22 October 2010. Europe will certainly benefit from the keen enthusiasm for travel among the Chinese", adds Dr. Martin Buck.
The ITB World Travel Trends Report is largely based on the representative IPK International World Travel Monitor®, which has been compiled annually for more than 20 years on 60 important travel markets around the world, using more than 500,000 interviews to obtain data about the volume of travel and attitudes to travel.


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Fine Arts:
- The Mughal period saw an outburst of cultural activity in the fields of architecture, painting, music and literature. The norms and traditions created during this period set standards which deeply influenced the succeeding generations. The Mughals brought with them Turko-Mongol cultural traditions which mingled with the rich cultural traditions existing in the country.The Sultanat period and the provincial kingdoms which grew up during the fourteenth and fifteenth century saw many-sided cultural developments. The Mughals absorbed these rich cultural traditions, so that the culture which followed was the contribution of peoples of different ethnic groups, regions and faiths. Such a culture could be called Indian or national in a broad sense.
- The Mughals built magnificent forts, palaces, gates, public buildings including sarais, hamams, mosques, baolis (water tank or well) etc. They also laid out many formal gardens with running water. In fact, use of running water even in their palaces and pleasure resorts was a special feature of the Mughals.
- Mughal gardens:
- Mughal gardens are a group of gardens built by the Mughals in the Islamic style of architecture. This style was influenced by Persian gardens and Timurid gardens. Significant use of rectilinear layouts are made within the walled enclosures. Some of the typical features include pools, fountains and canals inside the gardens. The famous gardens are the Char Bagh gardens at Taj Mahal, Shalimar Gardens of Lahore, Delhi and Kashmir as well as Pinjore Garden in Haryana.
- Babur was very fond of gardens and laid out a few in the neighbourhood of Agra and Lahore. Unfortunately, only a few of the Mughal gardens, such as the Nishat Bagh in Kashmir, the Shalimar garden at Lahore, the Pinjore garden in the foot-hills near Kalka and the Arambagh (now called Ram Bagh) near Agra have survived. These terraced gardens give us an idea of the Mughal concept of gardens. Babur the founder of the dynasty, had a fine aesthetic taste, though he did not find enough time to build many buildings in India. Most of what he built has not survived. For Babur, the most important aspect of architecture was regularity and symmetry which he did not find in the buildings, in India. Perhaps, his dissatisfaction was directed at the Lodi buildings which he saw at Lahore, Delhi and Agra. The mosques at Ayodhya and Sambhal attributed to him, were adaptations of earlier buildings, and do not therefore give an idea of his architectural concepts.
- The most notable buildings of the period were undoubtedly the ones built by Sher Shah at Sasaram and Delhi. The ones at Sasaram are a series of mausoleums, modelled on the octogonal Lodi tombs at Delhi. The outstanding amongst the tombs at Sasaram is the mausoleum of Sher Shah. It was built in the centre of a large pond, "Its reflection creating an illusion of movement at the same time duplicating its bulk". The building which is octogonal in shape, gains height and solidity by being based on a high square platform which is linked to the main building by kiosks at the corners. A terraced effect is given to the building by an arched verandah around the building, and the massive dome which rises in stages. The neck of the dome is covered by a wall over which are placed a series of graceful kiosks. The massive dome is covered by a lotus finiale.
|Mausoleum of Sher Shah
- It will be seen that many features in the mausoleum of Sher Shah are carried forward, with modifications to the Taj Mahal But while the Taj Mahal gives an illusion of being light and airy, Sher Shah's mausoleum give the impression of strength and solidity which are considered important features in architecture, and are appropriate expressions of Sher Shah's character.
- Purana Qila,on the banks of Yamuna, is the oldest fort among all forts in Delhi and, the oldest known structure of any type in Delhi. It was rebuilt by the Afghan king Sher Shah Suri, on the same site, which was perhaps the site of Indraprastha.It was completed by his son Islam Shah and then Humayun.Painted Grey Ware dating 1000 B.C has been unearthed.,with a continuous cultural sequence from Mauryan to Mughal through Sunga, Kushana, Gupta, Rajput and Sultanate periods, confirming the antiquity of the fort. It is where Humayun's capital Din Panah was located. Later it was renovated and named Shergarh by Sher Shah. Shahjahan built a new fort in Delhi known as Lal Qila here.
- The "Purana Qila" built by Sher Shah, is a massive structure with walls of grey stone and an impressive gateway of red sandstone with white marble inlay and occasionally inset with blue glaze. None of the palaces and public buildings of Sher Shah have survived.
- The mosque-cum madarsa called Khair-ul-Majalis, outside the fort with a magnificant gate was built by Maham Anaga in 1561.
- The only building inside the fort to have survived is the royal chapel, called Qila-i-Kuhna mosque. The main feature of the mosque is its pleasing treatment of the facade which consists of five arched entrances( five elegant arched prayer niches or mihrabs.Mihrab is a semicircular niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla; that is, the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca and hence the direction that Muslims should face when praying ) of graceful proportions. Each of them is set within a rectangular frame. The central archway is larger than the Ones flanking it on each side. The three central archways have graceful oriol windows reminiscent of the Rajasthan style of architecture. The decorations are kept simple, consisting of white marble inlay, and inset patterns of coloured glaze. The narrow turrets(small tower extending above building) on two sides of the central bay and at the corners at the backwall of the mosque give strength to the building, and balance the single Lodi style flat roof. These buildings may be considered the climax of the Lodi style of buildings, and the beginning of a new phase.
|Qila-i-Kuhna mosque
|Sher Mandal,Humayus's private library(in Purana Qila) –octagonal tower of red sandstone- Humayun fell down the stairs here and died
|Khairul Manazil, a mosque and later a madarsa built by Maham Anga, stands opposite Purana Qila.
|Lake outside Purana Quila
|West Gate, 'Bara Darwaza', present main Entrance
|Sher Shah Suri Gate or Lal Darwaza, which was the South Gate to Shergarh, the city he founded, lies opposite the Purana Qila complex
- The real phase of Mughal architecture began with Akbar. Akbar had the means as well the strong desire to undertake construction on a large scale. Like Babur, he not only had a fine aesthetic taste, but was personally interested in the construction of building which he not only supervised, but sometimes himself engaged in the work. He was concerned, above all, to bring together the fine architectural traditions existing within the country.
- During the reign of Akbar, we find two traditions of architecture working simultaneously.
- One was the Persian tradition with which Humayun had become familiar during his stay at the court of Shah Tahmasp. The Persian tradition is reflected in the mausoleum of Humayun, started by his widow Haji Begum in 1564 and completed in eight years time. This square building of red sandstone was placed on a high platform and was topped by a white marble dome of graceful contours. The dome had a slightly constricted neck, and rose high in the sky. It was derived, though not exactly copied from Timurid architecture.It represents an Indian interpretation of a Persian conception. The Persian features were the true double dome which had appeared in India in the tomb of Sikandar Lodi, but had not fully matured. It had been familiar in West Asia for long.The double dome enabled a pleasing sky-line, and an interior roof In keeping with the enclosure inside.A second feature of Persian influence was the arrangement of the rooms inside. Instead of one enclosure, there were separate rooms in the corridors linked by passages. However, such an arrangement can be found in earlier, pre-Turkush buildings. The Indian feature was the entire building being placed in a formal garden with a large gate. The dome was supported by slender minaraets which was a feature of the Gujarat style of architecture. Graceful kiosks (a small, separated pavilion open on some or all sides)were a familiar feature in Rajasthan. The arches on all sides, and the fine white inlay work added to the pleasing effect of the building.
|Humayun's Tomb
|Geometrical sandstone and marble pietre dura inlay patterns over the entrance iwan or high arc, and the chhatris and small minarets that surround the white marble central dome.
|The symbolically cut out mihrab facing west or Mecca, over the marble lattice screen.
- While Humayun's tomb was being built at Delhi, Akbar was busy building his magnificient fort at Agra, and laying the foundation of a new city and palace complex 26 miles away at Sikri.
- The fort at Agra was started in 1565 and completed in eight years' time. The Agra fort, with its massive battlements and crenalated walls, its gates consisting of two octagonal towers of dressed red sandstone linked to each other was the pattem of the forts which were built at Lahore, Ajmer and Allahabad later by Akbar.
- The Red Fort at Delhi built by Shah Jahan was also patterned on the fort at Agra. According to Abul Fazl, within the Agra fort, Akbar built "upward of five hundred edifices of red stone in the fine style of Bengal and Gujarat." Most of these buildings were demolished by Shah Jahan to make way for his own style of buildings(white marble palaces), the surviving portion of the Akbari Mahal and the Jahangiri Mahal give us an idea of the type of architecture put up(Together the Jahangiri and the Akbari Mahal was once known as the Bengali Mahal, owing its name to the Bengali designs used in the Mahal.). The roofs of these palaces were flat, and supported by exquisitely carved pillars. The palace is said to have been based on the Man Mandir in Gwaliyar fort, and has many Rajasthani features, such as the heavy red sand stone brackets and balconies, carved with peacock and serpent motifs. The walls and staircase carry geese, flamingoes and lotus carvings, as also figures of mythical animals, such as winged dragons, half elephants, birds etc.
|Jahangiri Mahal
- Fatehpur Sikri Complex: The building at Sikri, which was later named Fatehpur after the victory at Gujarat, were commenced in 1568-69 when the Kachhawaha princess was expecting Salim. Many palaces and public buildings were put up during the next fifteen years. The whole complex was on top of a hill by the side of an artificial lake. The city was circled by a wall built on the plains below where most of the building have disappeared.
|Plan of Fatehpur Sikri Complex
- Some of the important buildings in this city, both religious and secular are:
- Buland Darwaza: Set into the south wall of the Jama Masjid at Fatehpur Sikri, this is 55 metre high, from the outside, gradually making a transition to a human scale in the inside. The gate was added some five years later after the completion of the mosque ca. 1576-1577 as an 'victory arch', to commemorate the Akbar's successful Gujarat campaign. It carries two inscriptions in the archway.
The central portico comprises three arched entrances, with the largest one, in the centre. Outside the giant steps of the Buland Darwaza to left is deep well.
Jama Masjid: It is a Jama Mosque meaning the congregational mosque, and was perhaps one of the first buildings to come up in the complex in 1571-72.
Tomb of Salim Chishti: A white marble encased tomb of the Sufi saint, Salim Chisti (1478–1572), within the Jama Masjid's sahn, courtyard.
On the left of the tomb, to the east, stands a red sandstone tomb of Islam Khan I, grandson of Shaikh Salim Chishti, who became a general in the Mughal army in the reign of Jahangir. The tomb is topped by a dome and thirty-six small domed chattris, and contains a number of graves, all male descendants of Shaikh Salim Chisti
Diwan-i-Aam : Hall of Public Audience, is a building typology found in many cities where the ruler meets the general public. In Fatehpur Sikri, it is a pavilion-like multi-bayed rectangular structure fronting a large open space. South west of the Diwan-i-Am and next to the Turkic Sultana's House stand Turkic Baths.
Diwan-i-Khas:Hall of Private Audience, is a plain square building with four chhatris on the roof. However it is famous for its central pillar, which has a square base and an octagonal shaft, both carved with bands of geometric and floral designs.It is here that Akbar had representatives of different religions discuss their faiths and gave private audience.
Ibadat Khana: (House of Worship) was a meeting house built in 1575 CE by the Mughal Emperor Akbar, where the foundations of a new Syncretistic faith,Din-e-Ilahi were laid by Akbar.
Anup Talao: A pool with a central platform and four bridges leading up to it. Some of the important buildings of the royal enclave are surround by it including, Khwabgah (House of Dreams) Akbar's residence, Panch Mahal, a five-storey palace, Diwan-i-Khas (Hall of Private Audience), Ankh Michauli and the Astrologer's Seat, in the south-west corner of the Pachisi Court.
- Entering the palace complex through a gate with three arches, called Naubat Khana,(Also known as Naqqar Khana meaning a drum house, where musician used drums to announce the arrival of the Emperor.) with the royal karkhanas and the mint on the right, now in a ruined condition, one reaches the vast courtyard which formed the diwan-i-am. Behind the diwan-i-am on the right towards the west was building called the diwan-i-khas and by its side the treasury meant mainly for precious stones.
|Diwan-i-Aam,Hall of Public Audience
- The courtyard behind the Diwan-i-Am led to the Emperor's double storeyed palace or khwab-gah which was screened off from the public buildings by a wall which has been demolished. In front of the Emperor's palace was the Anup Talao with a platform in the centre. This was the place where Akbar sometimes held philosophical debates or organized musical parties. It was to the double-storied palace to which some philosophers were drawn up on a cot from which they discoursed. At a corner of the Anup Talao is small square building of red sand stone the walls of which are beautifully carved.This is miscalled Turkish Sultana's house(Hujra-i-Anup Talao)for no queen could have lived in such a public place.
|Hujra-I-Anup Talao orTurkish Sultana House, a pleasure pavilion attached to a pond.Above shown is carved design on the wall.
- The royal haram was on the side of the Emperor's palace. It has a guard-house, and a high wall to separate it from the public buildings. This wall, too, has disappeared.
- Further, behind the palace was the Jama Masjid which also had an access from the city below on the plain.
- Thus, the palace complex had a plan. Water from the lake below was lifted up to provide for running water and the fountains.
- The buildings at Sikri have been divided into two –secular and religious. The secular buildings are generally of a trabeate character(having straight horizontal beams or lintels rather than arches).
- One of the palaces within the haram complex is called the Jodha Bai Palace. This palace may have housed the Emperor's Hindu wives. This was a large palace with suites of rooms around a courtyard – a traditional design which continued in residential buildings till recent times. The bases, columns, and capitals are borrowed from the traditional type of temple pillars. It also has a chapel or puja room.Within the haram complex, three other buildings are noteworthy. One is the palace wrongly ascribed to Birbal. This is a double storeyed building. The entrance porches on the ground floor have angular roofs with glazed blue tiles. It is a superb example of residential structure, remarkable for its balance and design. Structural and decorative elements also are in beautiful harmony with each other.
|Jodhha Bai palace
- The second is the small but highly decorated palace ascribed to Akbar's mother, Mariyam. It is remarkable in many senses. The interior of the suite of rooms were embellished with large mural paintings. On the northern side of the bracket there is a carving of Rama being worshipped by Hanuman. Other brackets show carvings of life -geese, elephants etc. which were anathema to the orthodox.
|Mariyam House
- The third building is the Panch Mahal whin was just inside the haram complex. However, the wall separating it from the public buildings has disappeared. It was a five storeyed building with receding terraces, each with a flat roof supported by intricately carved pillars, each of a different design. It was meant to be a place where the women of the haram could take air.
|Panch Mahal
- It will be seen that these buildings were of an innovative and experimental type. The most interesting building from this point of view is the building generally called the diwan-i-khas. The diwan-i-khas is a single hall which has a large and substantial pillar supporting a circular stone platform. From this central platform, stone bridges radiate to each corner to connect with the hanging galleries. The central pillar, with various patterned shafts and brackets supporting the central platform appears to be based on a wooden Gujarati derivative. Once again, mythical animals can be seen on the friezes outside.
|Diwan-i-khas,The Hall of Private Audience.
- The most magnificient building at Sikri is the Jama Masjid with an interior courtyard of unusually large proportions. It was built in the manner of Indian mosques, with iwans(rectangular space, usually vaulted, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open) around a central courtyard. A distinguishing feature is the row of chhatri over the sanctuary. There are three mihrabs in each of the seven bays, while the large central mihrab is covered by a dome, it is decorated with white marble inlay, in geometric patterns.The main-sanctuary had arched entrances, domes with pillared kiosks all along the parapet, and a cloister along the courtyard where various types of pillars and decorative devises are used.
- In the courtyard is the tomb of Shaikh Salim Chishti with exquisitely carved stone screen. The marble verandah outside was added by Shah Jahan later.
|JAMA MASJID PLAN: 1.Badshahi Darwaja,2.Buland darwaja,3.Prayer room of Friday Mosque,4.Tomb of Salim Chisti,5.lsam Khan Mausoleam
|Jama Masjid, built by Akbar
|Tomb of Salim Chisti(white marble).Tomb of his grandson Islam Khan in red sandstone can be seen in side.
- On one side of the mosque is a massive gateway leading up to a flight of stairs. This is the Buland Darwaza started by Akbar in 1573 to commemorate his victory at Gujarat. The gate is in the style of what is called a half-dome portal. What was done was to slice a dome into half. The sliced portion provided the massive outward façade of the gate, while smaller doors could be made in the rear wall where the dome and the floor meet. This devise, borrowed from Iran, became a feature in Mughal buildings later. The parapet(A low wall along the edge of a roof or balcony) on top of the front of the gate has a series of kiosks with cupolas(roof in the form of a dome) which break the sky-line.This massive door-way throws the rest of the building out of proportion, it has remained a most impressive building meant to create a sense of awe.
|Buland Darwaza(gateway to Jama Masjid), the 54 mt. high entrance to Fatehpur Sikri complex
|Buland Darwaza
- The Lahore Fort, or Shahi Qila was built during the reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar between 1556–1605 and was regularly upgraded by subsequent Mughal, Sikh and British rulers. It has two gates one is known as Alamgiri Gate build by Emperor Aurangzeb which opens towards Badshahi Mosque and other older one known as Maseeti (Punjabi language word means of Masjid) or Masjidi Gate which opens towards Masti Gate Area of Walled City and was built by Emperor Akbar.
- Under Jahangir the Hindu features became lesser in the style; his great mosque at Lahore is in the Persian style, covered with enameled tiles. At Agra, the tomb of Itmad-ud-Daula, which was completed in 1628, was built entirely of white marble and covered in pietra dura mosaic. Jahangir also built the Shalimar Gardens and Nishat Bagh, and their accompanying pavilions on the shore of Dal Lake in Kashmir. He also built a monument to his pet deer, Hiran Minar in Sheikhupura, Pakistan and due to his great love for his wife, after his death she went on to build his mausoleum in Lahore.
- With the consolidation of the empire, the Mughal architecture reached its climax. Towards the end of Jahangir's reign began the practice of putting up buildings entirely of marble and decorating the walls with floral designs made of semi-precious stones. This method of decoration called pietra dura was used in the small, but slender tomb of Itimad-ud-Daula built during Jahangir's xeign. A special feature of this rectangular building were the octogonal towers at the corners with graceful cupolas. Like his own tomb started by Akbar but finished by Jahangir, it had no dome, but only a small cloister on the flat roof decorated with varigated design of perforated screens.
|Entrance Gate From Exterior
|Mausoleum of Itimad-ud-Daulah
|Cupola of minaret
|Floral design on wall -Pietra Dura
- Rather than building huge monuments like his predecessors, Shah Jahan built elegant monuments.His predecessors built huge buildings to demonstrate their power.The force and originality of their building style gave way to a delicate elegance and refinement of detail, illustrated in the palaces erected in his reign at Agra and Delhi. Some examples include the Taj Mahal at Agra and the tomb of Mumtaz Mahal, the wife of Shah Jahan. The Moti Masjid (Pearl Mosque) in the Agra Fort and The Jama Masjid at Delhi are imposing buildings, and their position and architecture have been carefully considered so as to produce a pleasing effect and feeling of spacious elegance and well-balanced proportion of parts. Shah Jahan also built the Tomb of Jahangir and sections of the Lahore Fort that include the Moti Masjid, Sheesh Mahal, and Naulakha pavilion which are all enclosed in the fort. He also built a mosque named after himself in Thatta called Shahjahan Mosque. Shah jahan also built the red fort in his new capital in shahjahanabad in delhi. Red fort made of red sandstone is famous for its special buildings-diwan-i-aam and diwan-i-khas.Another mosque was built during his tenure in Lahore called Wazir Khan Mosque, by Shaikh Ilm-ud-din Ansari who was the court physician to the emperor
- The Taj Mahal, justly regarded as a jewel of the builder's art, brought together in a pleasing manner all the architectural forms adopted by the Mughals earlier so as to make them their own. These included putting the mausoleum in a formal garden with streams of running water and fountains, erecting the main building on a lofty platform to impart solidity to the building and a beautiful sky-line to the dome.
- Finally, there was the half-dome portal at the entrance. The chief glory of the Taj is the massive dome and the four slender, minarets linking the platform to the main Building. The decorations are kept to a minimum, delicate marble screens, pietra dura inlay work and kiosks (chhatris) adding to the effect.
- That the Taj Mahal is the logical culmination of the development of imperial architedcture in the country is sufficient to set at rest the fable that the Taj was designed by an Italian, Geronimo Veroneo. Amongst others whose names are mentioned as architects is Ustad Isa Effendi and Ustad Ahmad from Lahore.
- According to a manuscript which gives details about the construction of the Taj, Shah Jahan had appointed a council of experts to advice him, and designers submitted plans for the proposed tomb on paper. Shah Jahah had his own ideas and made valuable suggestions. On this basis a number of models in wood were prepared.
- It would, thus, appear that there was no single designer of the Taj. Like Mughal paintings, it was a collective effort. Thus, Amanaf Khan Shirazi, it is agreed, was the calligrapher, and Ismail Khan served as the dome builder.
- Mosque building also reached its climax under Shah Jahan, the two most noteworthy ones being the Moti Masjid in the Agra fort, built like the Taj entirely in marble, and the other the Jama Masjid at Delhi built in red sandstone. A lofty gate, tall slender minarets, and a series of domes are a feature of the Jama Masjid.
Following figures shows exterior decoration in TajMahal:
|Minaret of TajMahal
|Finial of the dome of the Taj Mahal
|Main iwan and side pishtaqs of TajMahal
|Plant Motif outside wall of TajMahal
|Calligraphy of Persian poems
|Marble Lattice in TajMahal
|The domes and vaults of the sandstone buildings are worked with tracery of incised painting to create elaborate geometric forms
Following figures shows interior decoration in TajMahal:
|Pietra Dura in TajMahal
|Jali screen surrounding the cenotaphs
|Cenotaphs with Tombs of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal at underground level
- Red-Fort: The Red Fort, constructed by Shah Jahan, was built as the fortified palace of Shahjahanabad, capital of the fifth Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, in 1648. Named for its massive enclosing walls of red sandstone, it is adjacent to the older Salimgarh Fort, built byIslam Shah Suri in 1546.
Major structures:
(c)Rang Mahal: It housed the emperor's wives and mistresses. It was brightly painted and decorated with a mosaic of mirrors.(d)Diwan-i-Khas: Hall of Private Audience, constructed of white marble, inlaid with precious stones. François Bernier described seeing the jewelled Peacock Throne here during the 17th century. At either end of the hall, over the two outer arches, is an inscription by Persian poet Amir Khusrow:"If heaven can be on the face of the earth,It is this, it is this, it is this".
(e)Moti Masjid:A later addition, it was built in 1659 as a private mosque for Aurangzeb. It is a small, three-domed mosque carved in white marble, with a three-arched screen leading down to the courtyard.
|Moti Masjid
(f)Hammam: imperial baths, consisting of three domed rooms floored with white marble.
(g)Shahi Burj: 3 storey octagonal tower.The water feeding, the Nahr-i-Bihisht, is channelled up from the river with a hydraulic system through the tower and then carried by channels into various other buildings of the fort.
|Shahi Burj
(h)Lahori Gate: The Lahori Gate is the main gate to the Red Fort, named for its orientation towards the city of Lahore.
(k)Delhi Gate:The Delhi Gate is the southern public gate, similar to the Lahori Gate.
(i)Nahr-i-Behisht(Stream of Paradise): The imperial apartments consist of a row of pavilions on a raised platform, overlooking the Yamuna. The pavilions are connected by a canal, known as the Nahr-i-Behisht running through the centre of each pavilion. Water is drawn from the Yamuna via a tower, the Shahi Burj.The palace is designed to emulate paradise as described in the Quran.
(j)The Khas Mahal: was the emperor's apartment. Connected to it is the Muthamman Burj, an octagonal tower where he appeared before the people waiting on the riverbank.
|From left: Moti Masjid, the hammam, Divan-i-Khas, Khas Mahal and the 'Rang Mahal
- While the Red Fort is famous for the trellised scale of justice in the Rang Mahal ,architecturally the most impressive is the flat roofed Diwan-i-Am where all the skills of the Hindu pillar maker have been used to provide clear vistas from the throne. The multi-foialiated arches give an effect of rippling water.
- Thus, we find a unique combination of the arcuate(resembling an arch) and the trabeate(not arcuate; having straight horizontal beams or lintels rather than arches) forms in the buildings of Shah Jahan at the Red Fort.
- Jama Masjid of Delhi, is the principal mosque of Old Delhi in India.Commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, it is the best-known mosque in India. Construction began in 1650 and was completed in 1656.The foundation of the historic Jama Masjid was laid on a hillock in Shahjahanabad.
- The courtyard of the mosque can be reached from the east, north and south by three flights of steps, all built of red sandstone.
- The mosque faces west. Its three sides are covered with open arched colonnades, each having a lofty tower-like gateway in the center.
- Two lofty minarets, 130 feet (41 m) high, and containing 130 steps, longitudinally striped with white marble and red sandstone, flank the domes on either side.
- Under the domes of the mosque, is a hall with seven arched entrances facing the west and the walls of the mosque are covered with marble.
- Beyond this is a prayer hall, which is about 61 meters X 27.5 meters, with eleven arched entrances, of which the centre arch is wide and lofty, and in the form of a massive gateway, with slim minarets in each corner, with the usual octagonal pavilion surmounting it.
- The mosque stands on a platform
- The floor of the mosque is covered with white and black marble ornamented to imitate the Muslim prayer mat
- In Aurangzeb's reign (1658–1707) squared stone and marble was replaced by brick or rubble with stucco ornament. Srirangapatna and Lucknow have examples of later Indo-Muslim architecture. He made additions to the Lahore Fort and also built one of the thirteen gates which was later named after him (Alamgir).The Alamgiri Gate, built in 1673 A.D., is the main entrance to the Lahore Fort in present day Lahore. It was constructed to face west towards the Badshahi Mosque in the days of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.
- Aurangzeb also built the Badshahi Mosque which was constructed in 1674. This mosque is adjacent to the Lahore Fort and is the last in the series of congregational mosques in red sandstone and is closely modeled on the one Shah Jahan built at Shahjahanabad. The red sandstone of the walls contrasts with the white marble of the domes and the subtle intarsia decoration.
- Another construction of Mughal era is the Lalbagh Fort (also known as "Fort Aurangabad"), a Mughal palace fortress at the Buriganga River in the southwestern part of Dhaka, Bangladesh, whose construction started in 1678 during the reign of Aurangzeb.
- Additional monuments from this period are associated with women from Aurangzeb's imperial family. The construction of the elegant Zinat al-Masjid in Daryaganij was overseen by Aurangzeb's second daughter Zinat-al-Nisa. The tomb of Aurangzeb's sister Roshanara Begum and the garden surrounding it. Bibi Ka Maqbara was a mausoleum built by Prince Azam Shah, son of Emperor Aurangzeb, in the late 17th century as a loving tribute to his mother, Bano Begam in Aurangabad, Maharashtra.
- Although not many buildings were put up by Aurangzeb who was economy-minded, the Mughal architectural traditions based on a combination of Hindu and Turko-Iranian forms and decorative designs continued without a break into the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Thus, Mughal traditions influenced the palaces and forts of many provincial and local kingdoms. Even the Harmandir of the Sikhs, called the Golden Temple at Amritsar which was rebuilt several times during the period was built on the arch and dome principle and incorporated many features of the Mughal traditions of architecture.
- Golden Temple is the holiest Sikh gurdwara located in the city of Amritsar,Punjab, India. The city was founded in 1574 by the fourth Sikh guru, Guru Ram Das.
- On 3 January 1588, Muslim Sufi saint Sai Hazrat Mian Mir laid the foundation stone of the Harmandir Sahib and in 1604 he completed the Adi Granth, the holy scripture of Sikhism, and installed it in the gurdwara.
- There are four doors to get into the Harmandir Sahib, which symbolize the openness of the Sikhs towards all people and religions.The present-day gurdwara was rebuilt in 1764 by Jassa Singh Ahluwalia with the help of other Sikh Misls. In the early nineteenth century, Maharaja Ranjit Singh secured the Punjab region from outside attack and covered the upper floors of the gurdwara with gold,
- There was no attempt to establish some kind of a communal representation in the buildings between what were considered Hindu elements and those considered Islamic. The rulers used whatever elements and devises they considered useful and aristic. It was their fine aesthetic sense, and the skill of the Indian craftsmen which effected a conjunction which was both graceful and pleasing.


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Visit BlueSpice at Cebit 2012
From 6th to 10th of march BlueSpice for MediaWiki will attend the CeBIT (Hannover, Germany) again. CeBIT is the largest international trade fair for the digital industry.
The visitors get a demonstration of the brand-new BlueSpice 1.1 release with some innovations:
- the free MediaWiki distibution BlueSpice will be available in a virtual machine,
- the performance is tuned,
- BlueSpice supports PostgreSQL and Oracle database,
- the cache control has also been improved,
- the free distribution offers some new extensions e.g. you can add categories in the reading mode,
- code quality has been improved and many bugs are fixed.
Further on we offer new software packages:
- Mobile: retrieve content from a BlueSpice wiki with your smartphone.
- Teamwork: professional authorization and workflow functions.
- Bookmaker: export functions, wiki sites can be exported entirely (as PDF book) or partly as PDF brochure in the corporate design.
- SharePoint Connect: linking SharePoint documents in MediaWiki, integration of MediaWiki in SharePoint, central authentification, search in wiki pages.
And: maintainance, support, trainings and installation are now available as individual moduls!
We're looking forward to welcome you at our stand at the Webciety Area 🙂