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Federal agents go undercover to break up prescription drug dealings
A drug bust at a Pennsylvania-based Boeing plant that makes aircraft used in Afghanistan has resulted in 37 arrests, reports BBC news.
The FBI raided the facility after managers were warned by current employees of an apparent drug ring that allegedly dealt in the buying and selling of prescription drugs, the article said.
In a statement, Boeing praised authorities for "a rigorous and thorough investigation" and insisted that the quality of the [aircraft] production line was never compromised.
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Despite the moniker, Tallahassee MediocreGA can get quite competitive, and not just at golf. I will resist the urge to revisit last year's Rivals Power Rankings as it almost led to a sibling rivalry escalating into a sibling cage match. The beauty of the TLH MGA is that its members all bring something unique to the table that, until now, was hard to quantify. With the wide acceptance of advanced statistics and how they can show us sides of sports we never knew existed, let's take a look at how these tools can help us rank this week's field.
1. Streaks: consecutive top 5s CL Ian Kawas has done an excellent job of avoiding the tips by skillfully throttling back on the final holes as to avoid having to carry around a trophy or big check. This week they all take a round trip in the Tesla.

subset: commoncrawl


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- 3rd annual #MLKday breakfast sponsored by our #BlackStudentAffinityGroup 👏🏽👏🏾👏🏿 Big cougar growls to all students and faculty who helped bring this to fruition! #rawr🐾 Who are some of your #moderndayMLK heroes? Share in the comments below. #CannonSchool #youbelonghereSpanish 5 students enjoyed a day at the NC Museum of Art exploring the Frida Kahlo / Diego Rivera exhibit 🎨 and learning about Mexican Modernism. Some of us also checked out the @scottavettofficial exhibit, #Invisible.Congrats to #CTizzyAndTheMawb for winning today's Advisory trivia!! 💵Lots of movement on this leaderboard! Who's it gonna be??!?!?! #advisorytrivia #CannonSchool #studentlifeAs seen in the student parking lot. Someone made the nice list! #tistheseason 🎅🏼🎁#naughtyornice
Category Archives: Upper School Dean's Core Values
ADVISORY AGENDA 1.17.20 (No Drop)
"Kindness is loaning someone your strength instead of reminding them of their weakness." -Unknown Gossage Cup 88 10 91 49 Marielle Bumgarner Riley Glasgow John Luke Godino Esther Burlington and Nicky Thompson exhibited COURAGE when they ventured out of … Continue reading
ADVISORY AGENDA 1.16.20 (No Drop)
"Stop being afraid of what could go wrong, and start being excited of what could go right." -Tony Robbins Gossage Cup 88 10 91 49 Shritan Reddy Caeden Otey displayed KINDNESS as he helped a staff member carry something to … Continue reading
ADVISORY AGENDA 1.15.20 (Social Studies Drops)
"Your only limitation is your imagination." -Zig Zagler Gossage Cup 88 10 91 49 Andy Harris Jackson Maynor Caeden Otey displayed KINDNESS as he helped a staff member carry something to her car. *** The Halfway There Winter Dance is … Continue reading
ADVISORY AGENDA 1.14.20 (Math Drops)
"Today is a new day that has been handed to you for shaping. You have the tools, now get out there and create a masterpiece." -Steve Maraboli Gossage Cup 88 10 91 49 Mrs. Reulbach Nicky Thompson, Alicia Equan, Helen … Continue reading
ADVISORY AGENDA 1.13.20 (English Drops)
"The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that one is loved; loved for one's own self, or rather, loved in spite of one's self." -Victor Hugo Gossage Cup 88 10 91 49 Today: Hannah Rosa Birthdays celebrated over the … Continue reading
ADVISORY AGENDA 12.19.19 (No Drop)
"I cannot give you the formula for success, but I can give you the formula for failure–It is: Try to please everybody." -Herbert Bayard Swope Gossage Cup 88 10 91 49 Nick Reulbach Jake Seeber Grey Mills Colin Bullard, Robert … Continue reading
ADVISORY AGENDA 12.18.19 (No Drop)
"Fall seven times and stand up eight." -Japanese Proverb Gossage Cup 88 10 91 49 No birthdays. Will Zandhuis and Lia Easton demonstrated Teamwork in organizing and leading the Eye to Eye Winter Celebration for middle school mentees and … Continue reading


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ht,e dme
0 m&1h1 m&2 h2
MERGEFORMAT ()where the total enthalpy ht has been approximated by enthalpy (i.e. negligible mechanical energy againstthermal energy), and means output minus input.Although heat flows from hot fluid to cold fluid by thermal conduction through the separating wall(except in direct-contact types), heat exchangers are basically heat convection equipment, since it is theconvective transfer what governs its performance. Convection within a heat exchanger is always forced,and may be with or without phase change of one or both fluids.When one just relies in natural convection to the environment, like in the space-heating hot-water homeradiator, or the domestic fridge back-radiator, they are termed 'radiators' (in spite of convection beingHeat exchangers
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dominant), and not heat exchangers. When a fan is used to force the flow of ambient air (or when naturalor artificial wind applies, like for car radiator) the name heat exchanger is often reserved for the casewhere the ambient fluid is ducted. Other names are used for special cases, like condenser for the casewhen one fluid flow changes from vapour to liquid, vaporiser (or evaporator, or boiler) when a fluidchanges from liquid to vapour, or the cooling tower dealt with below.Devices with just one fluid flow (like a solar collector, a spacecraft radiator, a submerged electrical heater,or a simple pipe with heat exchange with the environment) are never named heat exchangers.The basic designs for heat exchangers are the shell-and-tube heat exchanger and the plate heat exchanger,although many other configurations have been developed. According to flow layout, heat exchangers aregrouped in: Shell-and-tube heat exchanger (STHE), where one flow goes along a bunch of tubes and the otherwithin an outer shell, parallel to the tubes, or in cross-flow (Fig. 1a shows a typical example ofSTHE; details presented below). Plate heat exchanger (PHE), where corrugated plates are held in contact and the two fluids flowseparately along adjacent channels in the corrugation (Fig. 1b shows details of the interior of aPHE; more details are presented below). Open-flow heat exchanger, where one of the flows is not confined within the equipment (or atleast, like in Fig. 1c, not specifically piped). They originate from air-cooled tube-banks, and aremainly used for final heat release from a liquid to ambient air, as in the car radiator, but also usedin vaporisers and condensers in air-conditioning and refrigeration applications, and in directlyfired home water heaters. When gases flow along both sides, the overall heat-transfer coefficient isvery poor, and the best solution is to make use of heat-pipes as intermediate heat-transfer devicesbetween the gas streams; otherwise, finned separating surfaces, or, better, direct contact through asolid recuperator, are used. Contact heat exchanger, where the two fluids enter into direct contact (simultaneous heat and masstransfer takes place). Furthermore, the contact can be continuous, i.e. when the two fluids mixtogether and then separate by gravity forces, as in a cooling tower, or the contact can bealternatively with a third medium, usually solid, as in regenerative heat exchangers (RHE), likethe rotating wheel shown in Fig. 1d (the hot gas heats the wheel whereas the cold gas retrieves thatenergy). When the heat-exchange process between the hot and the cold fluids is delayedsignificantly, the term 'thermal energy storage' is used instead of RGE. There is always somecontamination by entrainment of one fluid by the other, although many times it is irrelevant (as inair-conditioning heat-recuperators), or even intended (as in cooling towers). Notice also that, if themixed-up fluids do not separate, as in open feed-water heaters or in evaporative coolers, thedevice is not named heat exchanger but just heater or cooler.
Heat exchangers
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Heat exchangers are used to promote thermal energy flows at intermediate stages in process engineering,or as a final heat release to the environment, ambient air in most cases, which renders non-contact devicesas STHE and PHE) rather inefficient and recourse is to be made of contact heat exchangers as the wetcooling towers treated aside. A special case is that of marine engineering, where seawater is plentyavailable in the environment, greatly alleviating the thermal problem for heat-exchangers, but at a cost inmaterials compatibility (cupro-nickel or titanium must be used instead of copper or aluminium), sinceseawater is very corrosive and plenty of microorganisms. In order to mitigate the effects of seawater onheat exchangers, and to minimise hull-pass-throughs, only one central heat exchanger is cooled byseawater (a PHE usually), and all other required heat exchangers use clean fresh-water as an intermediatefluid loop to finally discharge the energy at the seawater exchanger (centralised cooling system); differentfluid loop layouts can be used, normally grouping several thermal loads by proximity of location and bytemperature level. For the latter, two levels are considered: high-temperature level (HT-circuit), say at >50C like for engine cooling circuits (main engine and auxiliaries), and low-temperature level (LT-circuit),say at <50 C like for engine-oil-lubrication cooling, air-conditioners and refrigerators, electronicequipment, and so on; instead connecting the HT-circuit to the LT-circuit by means of a heat exchanger, itis better to use a partial mixing of the streams (regulated by a thermostatic valve). The standard designvalue for final heat release in ships is a seawater temperature of 32 C, to allow for operation in all seas,in spite of fact that the largest share of operating time for most ships takes place in seas at 15 C to 20 C(initial cost cannot be avoided, but operation costs can be minimised by adjusting the seawater flow).
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Heat exchangers are widely used in process control to promote or quench chemical reactions (by heatingor cooling, respectively). The food industry makes use of heating to kill pathogen microorganisms(sterilisation), either after canning, or before packaging; the latter is most conveniently made for liquidstuff in heat exchangers. Sterilisation, i.e. the inactivation of all microorganisms, requires hightemperature processing, typically at 120 C or more (i.e. under pressure, for aqueous stuff); to kill eventhe most resistant spores. In the pasteurisation process, however, a quick heating to 60 C or 70 C isapplied to kill most bacteria without protein denaturising, but other microorganisms remain, what impliesthat quick cooling after pasteurisation is required (what makes heat pumps so convenient), and thatvacuum or refrigeration is needed afterwards. The time-for-pasteurisation (or for sterilisation) depends onthe microorganisms and the holding temperature; tabulated values are usually given for a processingtemperature of T0=120 C, and can be extrapolated to other temperatures with the logarithmic lawln(t/t0)=m(TT0)/T0, with m100.
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Fig. 3. Shell-and-tube heat exchangers (STHE): a) Small mounted STHE (in copper); b) Cut-out of asimilar STHE; c) Schematic diagram of a STHX with one shell pass and one tube pass; d)Construction details with one shell pass and one tube pass (legend: 1, Tube-fluid exit; 2, Gasket; 3,Shell-fluid entrance; 4, Tubes; 5, Shell; 6, Buffles; 7, Purge; 8, Expansion diaphragm; 9, Tubeholding plate; 10, Gasket; 11, Tube-fluid entrance; 12, Head cover; 13, Shell-fluid exit; 14, Drain;15, Fastener; 16, Tube holding plate; 17, Head cover); e) Construction details of a STHX with twotube-passes and one shell-pass.As can be seen in Fig. 3, each fluid can flow along several passes. In the tube-side, every set of tubes thatthe fluid travels through, before it makes a turn, is considered a pass. In the shell-side, a pass accounts foreach main flow direction change. A standard code of practice in heat exchanger design and operation isthat of TEMA (Tubular Exchangers Manufacturers Association). Other important source of standards areASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers; Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code), and, for heatingand cooling loads, ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air ConditioningEngineers).
BoilersBasically, a boiler is a closed vessel or arrangement of enclosed tubes in which water is heated to supplysteam (to drive an engine or turbine, or to provide heat); when other liquid than water is used, the boiler ismore often named vaporiser (or evaporator). A second meaning of boiler is a domestic device burningHeat exchangers
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solid fuel, gas, or oil, to provide hot water, especially for central heating (better called a heater). Closelyrelated to boilers are pressure cookers, i.e. strong hermetically sealed pots in which food may be cookedquickly under pressure at a temperature above the normal boiling point of water (in this case the intentionis not to supply steam but to generate it for pressurising; the higher the pressure, the higher the boilingtemperature).Most boilers are fuel-fired, thus, they can be viewed as shell-and-tube heat exchangers (Fig. 4), where thehot fluid is the burnt gases, and the cold fluid the water stream. Heat transfer by radiation is important inboilers (and in furnaces) because of the high temperatures (some 2000 K). In most boilers, the air forcombustion is previously heated by the exhaust gases in the stack. Typical efficiencies, measured as waterenthalpy change divided by the combustion enthalpy (most often based on the standard low heating valueof the fuel), are around 100% in modern condensation boilers (where part of the water vapour dissolvedin the flue gases is condensed), around 90% for large non-condensing boilers, and around 80% formodern small non-condensing boilers. A boiler is often the largest energy consumer both at domestic andat industrial level, thus, great savings may be obtained by their proper selection, operation andmaintenance.
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MPa being common (up to 2 MPa in large heavy-fuel carriers). Boiler energy efficiency is in therange 0.75..0.9, increasing with size.Heating the load. For semi-solid substances: asphalt (>100 C), heavy-fuel-oil (>50 C),molasses (>50 C), etc.Heating its own fuel. For day-service store of marine fuel, and for main and day-service storesof heavy fuels. Fuel heating used in all diesel ships with more than 10 MW engines.Heating the oil for the engine lubrication ('lub-oil'). Also for heating lub-oil/fuel mixtures forstowage or separation (bilge mud).Space heating for crew and passenger.Cleaning steam for inert spaces (hold compartments, engine room), and for habitable spaces(kitchens, laundry, lavatories).
CharacteristicsBoiler specification is made in terms of several variables, among which the most important are: Capacity (mass flow rate production). Most common boilers are in the range from 2 kg/s to10 kg/s of steam, supplied at typically 0.5 MPa to 5 MPa. Pressure level:o High pressure boiler (HPB, p>0.1 MPa), that may be Power-HPB (if D>0.4 m) orMiniature-HPB (if D<0.4 m).o Low pressure boiler (LPB, p<0.1 MPa). Sometimes, high pressure water-heaters(with p>1 MPa) are considered as steam-LPB. Fuel used (gas, oil, coal, nuclear, electrical). Water flow arrangement (water must always be pressurised to get high-temperature steam):o Pressure-vessel (Watt-1785) with water externally heated by the flue gases.o Pyro-tubular (Scotch boiler). The flue gases penetrate or are created inside thepressure vessel with water. Evans-1800. pv<2 MPa. Tubes work at compression, andshell at expansion.o Aqua-tubular (drum boiler, Parsons-1894-TV-'Turbinia', 1.2 MPa, 1.5 MW). A nonpressurised vessel lodges the flame and flue gases, inside which pressurised pipescarry the water and/or its vapour. Tubes work at expansion, and shell does not work. Cost (first cost, running cost). Etc.In a fire-tube boiler (Fig. 5), hot flue gases from the burner are channelled through tubes that aresurrounded by the fluid to be heated. The body of the boiler is the pressure vessel and contains the fluid.In most cases this fluid is water that will be circulated for heating purposes or converted to steam forprocess use. Fire-tube boilers are relatively inexpensive, easy to clean, and more compact than water-tubeboilers (although of smaller steam capacities, and not suitable for high pressure applications (up to 2 MPaonly).
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Besides safety devices, some pressure regulation device may be required for use or added for safety.Contrary to safety devices, these relief valves open proportionally to excess pressure.
Fig. 6. Simple annular heat exchangers: a) sketch and temperature profile in a counter-flow configuration,b) sketch and temperature profile in co-flow, c) cross-section sketch, d) detail across the separatingsurface.Heat transfer from one fluid to the other is a combined convection-conduction-convection process acrossthe separating surface, as detailed in Fig. 2d, where the hotter fluid is subscripted '1' and the colder one '2'.The fact that the colder flow surrounds the hotter one in Fig. 6 is irrelevant to the results here developed,although it may be advantageous in practice to minimise heat-losses to the ambient (if its temperaturedifference to the ambient is lower than that of the hotter one), here neglected.
T1 T2 h2 dA1 T2 T2 KdA T1 T2 Ls
MERGEFORMAT ()Heat exchangers
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where the latter identity serves to introduce the local overall heat-transfer coefficient, K (traditionallynamed also U), associated to the actual choice of transfer area dA (either the internal one, dA=dA1, theexternal one, dA=dA2, or an appropriate average dA=dAm, although in most circumstances the separatingsolid is so thin that all areas are practically the same, dA=dA1=dA2=dAm).If one introduces additional transfer factors to account for possible extended surfaces (e.g. fins orgrooves) in terms of fin efficiency associated to root area, fin (defined aside), and possible degradationsin the convective coefficients due to fouling, measured by an additional fouling resistance, Rf (oftennamed 'fouling factor', although in that case should be treated as another efficiency term like the finabove), to be explained below, one gets for the overall heat-transfer coefficient, K:K
1L11 Rf 1 s Rf 2fin1h1ks fin2 h2
To a first approximation, the conductive thermal resistance, L/k in 3, can always be neglected (except inlow efficiency cases like distillers made of glass), and the convective resistance of liquids can also beneglected against that of gases. Table 1 below presents some typical K-values.In practice, however, what matters is the average overall heat-transfer coefficient for the whole heatexchanger, K, defined in 3, instead of its local value defined by 2; we are using the same symbol for boththe local and the global value, and some ambiguity also in temperature naming, since from now on T1 andT2 are going to be the bulk temperatures of the flows at a certain cross-section along the heat exchanger,i.e. what was named T1 and T2 in Fig. 6c, instead of the temperatures at the wall.Notice, by the way, that the overall heat-transfer coefficient, K, is also very convenient in the study ofheat transfer between two fluids by natural convection, like for windows and radiators, where typicalvalues are K=1 W/(m2K) for a double-glass window, K=3 W/(m2K) for a single-glass window, K=6 W/(m2K) for a planar solar collector, or K=10 W/(m2K) for a heating 'radiator'.In the case of plate heat exchangers, the overall heat-transfer coefficient, K, is poorly defined becauseonly the product KA enters into the equations, and the contact area, A, between the two fluids is difficultto define and measure due to the corrugations.
FoulingOne generic problem of heat transfer is the effect of surface contamination on heat-transfer rates, that maybe due for instance to chemical attack at the interface between solids in heat conduction, crust build-up atwalls in heat convection flows, or dust deposition in heat radiation surfaces. Fouling (i.e. dirt anddepositions) is detrimental within heat exchangers because it adds a thermal resistance to heat, it adds afluid-dynamic resistance to flow, and it is difficult (sometimes impossible) to clean.
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Typical fouling factors used in heat transfer analysis are Rf=0.002 m2K/W for fuel oil, Rf=0.001 m2K/Wfor flue gases, Rf=0.0004 m2K/W for air and refrigerant vapours, Rf=0.0002 m2K/W for normal liquids,and Rf=0.0001 m2K/W for steam and for water (or sea water) below 50 C. If one fluid is a gas, foulinghas a negligible effect on transfer rates.Fouling is typically due to algae growth on cold surfaces, to salt deposition on hot surfaces, and tounfiltered dirt clogging. All industrial circuits cooled with natural fresh or sea water, are subjected tobiological fouling (a bio-film settlements of living organisms). Although physical screening, physicalcleaning and chemical dosing can manage to get a long trouble-free operation, nowadays environmentalrestrictions may impinge on that; e.g. chemical dosing with chlorine concentrations up to 10 mg/L werecommon in the past, but now chlorine discharge to the water environment have been severely restricted.
&where dQ is, as in 2, the transversal heat flow from hot (T1) to cold (T2) flows across a differentialm&cm&cannulus of length dx, 1 1 and 2 2 the thermal-capacity rates of each stream (the perfect-substancemodel is assumed to ease writing, but phase changes would be equally treated in terms of enthalpiesinstead of temperatures), and dA the wetted annular are of length dx (either internal, external, or someaverage area) The negative signs associated to dT in 4 come from the negative slopes of the temperatureprofiles in Fig. 6a.Integrating 4 from one end (x=0) to the other end (x=L) along the heat exchanger (Fig. 6a) yields:Q& m&1c1 T1,in T1,out m&2c2 T2,out T2,in KAT12,mean
where T12,mean is an appropriate average, defined by 5 in terms of the overall heat-transfer coefficient Kand the choice of wet area A. This average temperature approach can be obtained by integration of acombination of the three equations in 4, and ulterior comparison with 5; i.e., from 4:dQ&
dT1 dT2dT1 dT2
KdA T1 T2 1111
m&1c1 m&2c2m&1c1 m&2c2
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Q&Q& T12,mean T1 T2 x 0
m&1c1 m&2 c277\* MERGEFORMAT ()which finally yields:T12,mean
T1 T2 x L T1 T2 x 0 T T ln 1 2 x L T1 T2 x 0
what shows that, for the counter-flow configuration in Fig. 6a, with constant-thermal-capacity fluids, theappropriate mean-value of the temperature jump across the separating wall, is the logarithmic meantemperature difference (LMTD) defined by 8, which nearly coincides with the arithmetic mean when theapproach at both ends is of the same order (the singularity for this case in 8 can easily be circumvented).In an analogous manner, it can be demonstrated that the LMTD also applies to the coaxial heat exchangerin co-flow shown in Fig. 6b, but not in a more general case of multi-pass or cross-flow heat exchangers,neither to the case of highly-varying thermal capacities (as in two-phase mixtures); in those cases, anempirical correction factor, F, can be defined to get an appropriate average approach,T12,mean=FT12,LMTD,in terms of the LMTD defined in 8.Thus, the thermal modelling of a heat exchanger reduces to the three equations 5 with the eight variables:Q&, m&1c1 , T , T , m&2 c2 , T , T , and KA. Notice that K and A do not appear separately (as for m& and1,out1,in1,out1,outc). Although a brute accounting would yield 876/(32)=56 possible combinations for the trio of solvableunknowns, in practice there are only a few interesting cases, namely: Testing problem. This is the case where an actual heat exchanger is bench-tested by measuring allm&cm&cinput and output flow variables: 1 1 , T1,out, T1,in, 2 2 , T1,out, and T1,out. We have the three equations&5 but only two unknowns Q , and KA, meaning that there is one redundancy in the measurement(what might be used to check that the overall heat losses were really negligible). As in general,only the product KA can be computed, but it is not difficult to get an estimate of A from theexternal dimensions and the knowledge of the number of plates in a PHE or the number of tubesin a STHE. Conversely, K might be estimated by heat-convection correlations in terms of the typeof fluids, their velocities, and the geometry of flow, or even based on typical values for the overallcoefficient (e.g. K2000 W/(m2K) for water-to-water heat exchangers).m&cm&c Performance: problem. Given the entry conditions for the two flows ( 1 1 ,T1,in, 2 2 , and T2,in),and the size (measured by the transfer area, A), and assuming the overall heat-transfer coefficient&known, K, determine the heat rate exchanged, Q , and the output temperatures (T1,out and T2,out), i.e.three unknowns for the three equations in (4), if the LMTD approach is applied (otherwise, see theNTU approach below).
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m&cm&cDesign problem. Given the entry conditions for the two flows ( 1 1 ,T1,in, 2 2 , and T2,in), and the&heat rate exchanged, Q ,.and assuming the overall heat-transfer coefficient known (K), determinethe size (measured by the transfer area, A) and the outlet conditions: i.e. three unknowns for thethree equations in 5. The step-by-step procedure to solve the design problem is:1. Establish the governing equations 5 and perform the analysis of data and unknowns.2. Compute the outlet temperatures from the flow-rate capacities and heat load.3. Estimate the required transfer area using typical values of overall heat-transfer coefficients(e.g. Table 1) and the TLMTD from 8, or other averaged approach. This order of magnitudemay be good enough for non-critical designs, and will help to check more refined analysis, asfollowing.4. Select a type of heat exchanger based on type of fluids and expected loading conditions.5. In the case of STHE, select which fluid goes on the tube-side: either the dirtiest one (becauseshells cannot be cleaned), or the high-pressure one (because small tubes resist pressure betterthan large shells). In the case of other types of heat exchangers, do it in a similar way.6. Select tube diameter, d, according to available tube sizes.7. Estimate the required flow cross-section, A m&/( v) , assuming a typical speed of v=1 m/s forliquids, or v=10 m/s for gases.8. Estimate the number of tubes, N, from A m&/( v) N dL assuming a typical Reynoldsnumber, Re=vd/, of 5000.9. Find if several tube-passes are needed by estimating the shell diameter, D, by D 2d N , andchecking that the resulting overall slenderness is around L/D6.10. Estimate pressure losses in the tube side (drag on pipe flow can be found in Forced andNatural Convection, but other losses in bends and fittings may be relevant too).11. Consider that the uncertainty in the above procedure may be 50%, and guess if a morerefined design is needed at that stage (in that case, one must resort to more specific literature,or to experimentation, as a last recourse).
Table 1. Order of magnitude values of global or overall heat-transfer coefficients, K, for heat exchangers.ConfigurationTypical valueTypical rangeK [W/(m2K)]K [W/(m2K)]Gas-to-gas heat exchanger at normal pressure205..50Gas-to-gas heat exchanger at high pressure20050..500Liquid-to-gas or gas-to-liquid heat exchanger5010..100Liquid-to-liquid tubular heat exchanger1000200..2000Liquid-to-liquid plate heat exchanger2500500..5000Condenser, to a gas5010..100Condenser, to a liquid3000500..6000Vaporiser, to a gas5010..100Vaporiser, to a liquid5000500..10 000Vaporiser, to a condensing gas3000600..6000Exercise 1. A hot water stream of 0.2 kg/s at 80 C is to be cooled in an annular counter-flow heatexchanger with 0.5 kg/s of ambient water at 15 C. The inner tube is made of stainless steel and has 20Heat exchangers
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mm internal diameter and 1 mm thickness, whereas the internal diameter of the outer tube has 30 mm indiameter. Find the convective coefficients, the overall heat-transfer coefficient, the heat flow-rate, and theexit temperatures.Solution. A rough typical-value analysis yields h=5000 W/(m2K) from Table 6 in Heat Convection, witha corresponding overall heat-transfer coefficient of K=h/2=2500 W/(m2K) from 3, having neglectedconductive resistance across the separating tube wall, and all kind of fouling; notice, however, that thetypical K-value suggested in Table 1 above for liquid-to-liquid tubular heat-exchanger is just K=1000 W/(m2K). With the latter, and taking the temperature difference at inlet points instead of the correct LMTD&15) 7.8 kW , where the transfer areavalue, the heat flow rate would be Q KAT 1000 0.12 (80 2has been approximated by the internal one, A DL 3 0.02 2 0.12 m . From the energy balance of& T ,Q& mceachstream,wefinallygettheoutlettemperatures:&& ) 80 7.8 (0.2 4.2) 71 C Tcold,out Tcold,in Q& (mc& ) 15 7.8 (0.5 4.2) 19 CThot,out Thot,in Q (mc,.But the expected uncertainty in the h-values and K-values assumed above, some 50% or more, are onlyacceptable for an order-of-magnitude analysis. A more refined analysis requires a more precisedetermination of the convective coefficients h, what is done through the empirical correlations presentedunder Forced and natural convection, aside. Assuming the hot stream runs along the inner tube (thetypical case), its bulk speed is u=0.64 m/s, Re=12 700, Pr=2.7 (evaluated at 80 C), and using DittusBoelter correlation for turbulent flows (12700>2300), Nu=0.023Re0.8Pr0.3=60, and h=kNu/D=1800 W/(m2K). For the cold stream, the hydraulic diameter must be used, Dh4A/p=D2D1=3021=9 mm, whatyields a bulk speed of u=1.53 m/s, Re=12 200, Pr=7.7 (evaluated at 15 C), Nu=0.023Re0.8Pr0.3=97, andh=kNu/D=7260 W/(m2K). The proper K-value is now K=1/(1/h1+/k+1/h1)=1300 W/(m2K), and the heat&flow-rate taking the temperature difference at inlet points instead of the correct LMTD-value, Q =10.7kW, what yields Thot,out=67 C and Tcold,out=20 C. With these values, we can compute a betterapproximation to the logarithmic mean temperature difference using 8, TLMTD=56 C (instead of the&8015=65 C former approximation), and new, more accurate values for Q =9.2 kW, Thot,out=69 C andTcold,out=19 C. We could go on with further iterations, correcting the computed material properties at anaverage bulk temperature between inlet and outlet (instead of the assumed inlet values), and so on, butthere is usually no need to better fit final figures when the initial data uncertainty is not well defined.
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KA& min mc
Two other non-dimensional parameters complete the new model: the heat-exchanger effectiveness, (sometimes denoted ), and the heat capacity ratio, c, defined by:m&1c1 T1,in T1,out m&2c2 T2,out T2,in KAT12,meanQ& &
MERGEFORMAT ()& min mcc& max mc
The heat capacity ratio, c, ranges from c=0 in the case where one fluid changes of phase (vaporisers orcondensers, because then the energy change in that fluid is without temperature change and thus its& -value, as inthermal capacity tends to infinity), to c=1 in the case where both flows have the same mc& -value for the gasmost regenerative heat exchangers. When one fluid is liquid and the other gas, the mcstream is usually much lower than its counterpart for the liquid, and c0.
&The efficiency of a heat exchanger is the ratio of heat-flow actually exchanged, Q , to the maximum heat&flow exchangeable for given input conditions if the length were infinity, Qmax .With this notation, the three equations 5 that govern heat-exchanger modelling, can now be stated as(assuming that the flow subscripted '1' has the lowest thermal capacity):
T1,in T1,out
T2,out T2,in
T1,in T2,in
c T1,in T2,in
T12,meanT1,in T2,in
()where the latter equation has been set in the generic functional form =(N,c), instead of in terms of asuitable averaged approach (which was demonstrated to be the LMTD in the case of simple coaxial-tubeheat exchangers, to be modified with the F factor for other configurations). We can now find the explicitform of =(N,c) in the case of the counter-flow configuration in Fig. 6a, as done for the LMTD, namely,byln
T1 T2 x L T1 T2 x 0
T1,out T2,inT1,in T2,out
N, c
T1,out T2,in11
N 1 c lnT1,in T2,out m&1c1 m&2c2 T1,out T1,in T1,in T2,in ln 1 N 1 c ln T1,in T2,in T2,out T2,in 1 c
1 e N 1c N 1 c1 ce
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Thus, instead of the three equations 5 helped with 8 and an F-factor correction, now we have the threeequations 12 helped with 13 and another correction as before for multi-pass or cross-flow configurations,which in this NTU-method can be established analytically in some cases as a particular (N,c)-functionsother than 13, as here presented analytically in Table 2, or presented in graphical form in most HeatTransfer texts. Of course, instead of using special (N,c)-functions, the old correction factor, F, to bemultiplied by the counter-flow (N,c)-functions 13 can be used, similarly as for the LMTD-approach.Table 2. Effectiveness relations of some heat exchanger configurations.
= (N,c)
1 e N 1 c1 ce 1 e N 1c
1 c
N=N(,c)11 cNln1 c 1
N 1 c
21 c 1 c
1 e
1 e N
1 c 2
exp cN 1c
11 c 1 exp N 1 e c
1 e N
2 1 c2 1 c 1
Nln21 c2 1 c2 1 c
ln 1 c 1
ln c ln 1 1
N ln
cln 1 c 1
N ln 1
The variety of flow configurations in a heat exchanger may be very wide, as depicted in Fig. 7 for a nonstandard STHE, where the temperature profiles have been sketched. And not only heat-flow correlationsare needed, but friction correlations too, to know the pressure losses on each fluid. In actual practice, aftera preliminary analysis using the models presented above, recourse is made to the particular data suppliedby the manufacturer (once selected).
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Preliminary sizingIt is important to have simple dimensioning procedures to allow for preliminary analysis of thermalsystems with heat exchangers. For instance, when studying a new heat-pump application, one has tochoose appropriately the operating temperatures, based on the heat source and heat sink temperaturesavailable; from these condenser and vaporiser temperatures selected, and the selected working fluid, onecan solve the heat-pump cycle and compute the mass-flow and power requirements for the equipment,what serves for dimensioning the compressor and make a sound selection among the available offer. Butif the fluid working temperatures are chosen too close to the heat source and heat sink values, veryefficient and expensive heat exchangers will be required to achieve that goal, and it ample margin is let,there will be no problem to find a cheap heat exchanger to do the job, but at the expense of over-sizing theheat-pump compressor.In conclusion, there is the omnipresent trade-off between saving on first cost at the expense of operationcosts (by choosing cheap components with high consumption), and saving on operation costs at theexpense of initial cost (by choosing more expensive components with lower consumption). But onecannot optimise everything at once, and engineers should not, because many times their results are not tobe implemented in the final product but just iterative inputs to the design process, to be discarded after anoverall view of the process dictates new changes for the next iteration. That is why the modelling effort(be it of a heat exchanger or of another device or process), should be a proportional share of the wholeeffort at a time. In our case, the recommendations, from simplest to more complex modelling of heatexchangers, are: Just account for a reasonable minimum temperature approach between the two fluids, e.g.T12,min=5 K (1 K approach might be enough with good plate heat exchangers for liquids, but 50K may be required for gas-to-gas heat exchangers). At a later stage, use the LMTD-method or the
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NTU-method to find the required contact area of the heat exchanger, A, for a typical overall heattransfer coefficient, K, guessed from Table 1.A better model may be to account for a reasonable heat-exchanger efficiency, e.g. =0.8, and use12 to find the outlet temperatures. At a later stage, use the LMTD-method or the NTU-method tofind the required contact area of the heat exchanger.A more accurate model considers the system of equations (5 or 12, plus specific relations for theF-factor or for (N,c)-function as in Table 2), and the unknowns as a separate procedural-moduleto be computer-solved in conjunction with the rest of the thermal problem.As the last resort of theoretical analysis, the overall heat-transfer coefficient, K, can be computedusing 3 with the convective coefficients, h, at each side computed with appropriate forcedconvection correlations found aside, plus additional fouling data (see above) if necessary. Beyondthis analysis, one may conduct detailed numerical simulation using a CFD package, andexperimental testing.
A final remark is that we have just focused on the thermal analysis and design of heat exchangers, i.e. ontheir heat-transfer duty, trying to incorporate general economic criteria always present in any kind ofengineering project, but, as said in the beginning, there are many other important aspects in heatexchanger analysis, as pressure-loss calculations for pumping needs, materials compatibility with thefluids, structural design, maintainability, cost...Back to Heat and mass transferBack to Thermodynamics
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text:
Slow Horse Luke
Neck: margin between horses - about the length of a horse's neck (unsurprisingly). Slow horse luke works accurately with the lay betting strategies in which it has gained more strength in making high profits. If you never let your horse lope for extended periods on a relaxed rein, he never has a chance to figure out for himself that it's best for him to conserve his energy and use his body efficiently to carry you in the most comfortable way possible. Luke pell is said to be one of the bachelors on abc's. For this exercise, do not over bend on the shoulder-in; it will throw the horse's weight to the inside shoulder. Some horses also benefit from an addition of omega-3 fatty acids to their diet. Mini hay pillow is designed specifically for miniature horses. A number of feed buckets have been designed to slow down horses that bolt their feed. the horses eat easily from it and it keeps them busy longer. Ms batty said despite the tragic circumstances of luke's death she believed he had not died in vain. The last decade has been spent roughing out the horse's head — it's 22 stories high. It has multiple slow horse luke across the country and 3 members of staff in the office. " and he took the reins in his teeth and pulled the other saddle revolver, and drove his spurs into the flanks of his strong horse bo and charged directly at the bandits. How hay bags and slow feeders affect horses. Unique features about slow horse luke:. Also, we would gurantee you legality of the slow horse luke along with its credibility. Hubby made me a slow feeder out of a barrel with a hockey net on the bottom. How does a horse lose a race. And sometimes the horse will only slow in the circle and not on the rail. Exercise benefits all horses no matter the age, breed, health condition and/or body score. Genetics affect your horse's feet. Riders around new zealand are to mount their horses for the country's biggest simultaneous road ride: the national ride for road safety. I was thinking of providing 1 of the home-made box slow feeders, and perhaps 2 other nets at other area's of the property and changing the location regularly so they are always thinking they should explore around for their hay. Some have confused this image with the one in revelation 19, also a rider on a white horse. The climax of the story had to be when the greeks came out of the giant horse and invaded troy. And luke comer certainly knows how to manage the purse strings. It's painstakingly slow and makes you wish for a softer cinema seat, yet it's deeply emotional - the type of a film that lingers with you for days and days. Kentucky equine research has developed kerx equishure, a hindgut buffer to prevent acid build-up in the large intestine and maintain normal digestive function for horses on high-grain diets or those requiring weight gain. After a while, luke and his friends reunite and start travelling the world once again. The climax was when simon opened a secret door at the bottom of the horse and killed the gaurds to get in which worked very well. The hay bags arrived before my departure from the farm, which is incredibly helpful to the people who will be caring for my horses in my absence and a great relief to me knowing feeding will be much easier. The climax of the story is when the giant wooden horse is placed in the trojan's hands. i will sometimes circle, then counter canter, then go back into a circle until i feel my horse "balance up" underneath me. Horses and mules can only be rendered obedient by restraints that are unworthy of a rational creature. You will also want to make sure that your horse is still comfortable drinking from the bucket with the ball in it. Clinton anderson has some dvds specifically for the barrel racing horse. · metal grates can damage teeth; horses can even get a tooth caught in this type of grid. , ridden her in parades, won in horse shows with her, and won at obstacle competitions with her. Waking up when the bus breaks down, she apologizes to luke for the breach in professionalism. Crazy horse did not buy it. The mower runs too slow,it needs the rpm. And if c-3po broke down in jabba's palace and was unable to translate for leia, luke and leia confront vader together in the emperor's throne room, with a wildly different conclusion. " a short-coming to this approach is that horses often waste hay when they have a surplus of it. Lowers insulin response to feeding (important for horses with metabolic issues);. What is slow horse luke. Hay can be soaked in hot or cold water for a shorter or longer period of time to remove some of the water-soluble carbohydrates, giving the horse plenty of fiber with fewer calories. To be honest, they don't recommend them for showing, but they allow them, rather than having riders sit and fight their horses into flexion with a snaffle. Another type of slow feeder comes in the hay net variety. I can also leave bags for them when i travel and not worry that the person who takes care of our horses while i'm gone is feeding them the appropriate amounts. Luke was aware vader had killed millions, yet in return of the jedi, refused to kill him. However, times have changed and an equine slow feeder is a great alternative. I trained him to run barrels and he has great pattern but is a little slow. The horse should also be kept in as dark an. Hay nets are not the same as slow-feeder nets. Like all good-natured sheriffs, luke has to take out all the bad guys. My "destroyer of all things" horse has only ruined one so far, and even that lasted four or five months. On average horses can gallop at around 35 to 40 mph. Luke oliver is a progressive trainer who is dedicated to providing the best training service to his clients. The protective layer in the corner of a horse's eye, called the nictitating membrane helps prevent irritation from dust and objects like grass seeds and stems. Horse's head if it starts to leave the float without permission. Most people hang their hay bags high because they do not want to have their horses legs get hung up in them, the smhb do away with this because the diameter of the holes is much smaller than a regular hay bag. The explanation is that the fast releasing energy from oats can raise certain hormone levels, which causes the over-energetic behaviour of the horse. It has literally taken over two years to get this horse more pumped about life. Not have our avid horse lover 5-year-old take the reins and our 6-year-old. Longer the horse is worked. After starting a new game with "titles" purchased in the grade shop, if luke wears a costume title when he heads back to his room in the beginning, guy comments whether he has cut his hair while luke insists that the short hair is a wig. I admire those horses who manage to cope with this, and manage to move forward into this kind of contact with just some "added leg aids". Con: if improperly used horses may become injured. Riders who opt for a bosal should place it at the end of the horse's nose bone," harris says. Step 1: important: add this page to your favorites before downloading slow horse luke. To crazy horse's chagrin, the sale of ammunition to the lakotas was halted on august 4, and the next day the buffalo hunt was postponed. Slow feeders for underweight horses are intended to provide forage that is always available, not to slow them down as is the case with overweight horses. luke may have to check this lunger into a sanatorium out west but i refused to be denied by a dude in easy spirit's and dark dress socks. we have trained everything from good broke trail horses to performance horses. While it may be arguable that she only attacked the people that were currently in the courtyard of fabre mansion at the start of the game (and only made luke, van and guy kinda groggy, at that), it's somewhat unlikely that. This slow horse luke aims to allow you make earnings with horse betting if that is to help you as the newbies or develop on the real profits you are making in it. They also broiled fish (luke 24:42). Brian is an enthusiastic golfer and bought a house on a course in hertfordshire, the county where luke also has a home. As in all of these good systems, horses react and. The twelve-sided slow-roll one-edge-at-a-time design prevents this dispenser from randomly rolling away, providing hours of fun while focusing your horse's attention on what's inside. Luke cage thrive in its details, with its villains cottonmouth (beautifully played by mahershala ali) and mariah dillard (a commanding alfre woodard) spouting long, open-ended monologues about the history and future of harlem to each other. Repeat until the horse's movement is straight. The three nutrients which can supply energy to increase the caloric content of the diet in the horse are fiber, starch and fat. Basically work toward getting your horse to maintain the same speed without any contact with its mouth. These results demonstrate that the small or medium nets were effective in decreasing rate and amount of forage consumed and increasing the total time of forage consumption by adult horses. Feeding in relation to the character of your horse/pony. University of minnesota – my horse university – cummings school of veterinary medicine . Luke, thank you for saving their lives. Luke cage to be more than a typical superhero series—in a wonderful interview with. "it was balance controlnot enough engagement on the hind end," jean luc said of the horses needing this exercise. Parker is far more suspicious of a grain-plus-molasses "treat" fed to his 11-year old american quarter horse gelding. Luke perry is back in business with hallmark movie channel. The horse can then be ridden by the player. The rider should feel in the middle of the horse's back. ) in training horses, one trains himself. According to him, what is considered the earliest horse did not evolve into a higher form. Comments: i use 8 - 10 bags/day to feed my 4 horses, 4 of the bags are nibblenets. You're relaxed because you're confident you can control the horse, slow him down, stop or turn him at any time… in any situation… without a fight or struggle. Stay connected with this review and know more about how to start off with the horse betting to lose a race rather than win. Slow horse luke racing tipsters will benefit everyone who wants to make money and/or improve their profitability horse betting. Kirk has a variety of horses, including the wild mad jack and kindly blackie, but i think my favourite of his is mr nubs. I start stopping from trot and later on from canter, only after my horse can stop reliably from the slower gait first.
Even if you cannot bet in a week, you can still bet on saturdays and sundays, and still reap huge benefits from this elite slow horse luke formula. However, the concept is definitively accurate when it comes to a horse's injury. In the northern hemisphere (united kingdom, ireland, france, usa and canada) horses celebrate their birthday on the 1st of january each year. That has held up great, though the horses find it easier to eat through than the other which has a rigid metal grid in it. If you decide to buy slow horse luke. Is not how it is with pulling or rushing horses, especially i would say, thoroughbreds. "by a coalition of trots, tree huggers, anarchists, tories and a nasty little clique over-excited about my hair colour" - luke akehurst. No fighting, 3 horses can eat out of one easily. Since the colon is so large, it is another place where the horse anatomy makes the digestive system delicate -- there are so many twists and turns that it is easy for it to get kinked or twisted, causing various types of colic. If you're training an older horse, warming up with the basics creates an association in your horse's mind between their "usual" ride and how this "new" ride is connected. Or the act of betting on a horse to lose on a betting exchange like betfair. The solid poly bottom reduces the time your horse is eating off the ground dramatically reducing the possibility of colic. Many horse owners don't believe in feeding treats at all. As a result of the pain related to the situation, the horse had developed serious behavior problems. As with stolen horses, they must subsequently be hitched before becoming the player's trusty steed. Extending the length of time horses spend foraging has been linked to improvements in horse health and wellbeing, including reductions in unwanted behaviors, ulcers, choke and insulin and glucose responses after a meal. Hey, i just read the slow feeder topic that's pinned on here. The hay saver is an equine slow feeder that is the first slow feeder to be manufactured in the uk. At least with the gelato and sorbet, slow lane has left well-enough alone. I thought it was a very large tick, a stone or some other foreign object but the horse simply would not allow me to get near enough to it to see what it actually was at the time. In an imax theater full of ticket-savvy twenty-and-thirty-something men last night, i felt the many sitting and fuming, perhaps waiting for luke to lightsaber battle snoke on a catwalk somewhere or for a lengthy info dump of shocking, unrevealed mythology. He was to be my last and forever horse. The horse has its own agenda. Variations of lateral gaits from horse. Horses need to use their lips and teeth while eating – when fed meals they gulp and wear back teeth versus incisors which can become overgrown when not using them to tear grass. The equine digestive tract should be at peace because it receives a slow but continuous supply of fiber. Then they put wheels on the horse and destroyed everything. Also, you'll want to ask the attorney if you can publicize the name of the seller and the pedigree of your horse online everywhere. The food can then become lodged in the horse's throat, causing choke. The diller hay saving large bale horse feeder was designed with feedback from experts in the equine industry. Sign material choices for your: slow down sign with horse symbol. Another exciting episode was when sinon was trying to persuade the trojans how this horse was an offering and there was treasure in it – if they bring it inside the gates before night falls. Along the way, holly awakens in her bus seat to find luke, a cowboy sitting next to her. To get the horse soft and supple and easy going, and to help the horse be calm and under control. ) i have seen soldiers panic at the first sight of battle, and a squire pulling arrows from his body to fight and save his dying horse. Some are designed to be on the ground, allowing the horse to eat in a more natural position. Slow feeding for better digestion. After a visit from his sick mother, arletta (jo van fleet), luke becomes more optimistic about his situation. "speed" into your horse's mind. The other slow hay feeders inside are round when full which makes them much more durable. How to get your horse a lot lighter and more responsive. The hay saver is a slow feeding solution that promotes healthy eating and allows the horse to eat at a natural level. |title=luke skywalker, last hope for the galaxy. However, this may present challenges when unloading as it may cause the horse's hind legs to slip when backing out. Horse owners may experience an enormous weight lifted off their shoulders when they are not concerned about feeding times. In general, slow horse luke is an extensive and very reliable benefit generating international horse racing system that's been developed by luke-glovers. This is the start of luke's slide. The mesh size is fine, though the horses still prefer angie's nets with the cutout holes to having to pick the hay out of this larger mesh without the holes. But then i applied the kind of tension that one sees others ride with from time to time, and i all of a sudden understood why some riders have a hard time "getting their horses used to" the double bridle. In addition to straight wagers, they offer bettors an opportunity slow horse luke gambling to incorporate the placement of different horses in one or multiple races. To use a horse deed, open the satchel, select the deed, then whistle, and the horse will run to the player. As the ball floats and moves about the water's surface, it helps to slow down the formation of ice. And the glory of god, that he did not know where he was, and sat on his horse. Nibblenet slow feeder hay bag 2" openings blue - availability: 1. The continual slow feeding throughout the day is the more natural way for a horse to eat. Last time we saw rooster cogburn he was caught under a dead horse. "even if he goes a little bit too slow, that's not bad," jean luc said. Continuous slow feeding will, in most cases, eliminate vices such as cribbing, weaving, aggression, and feed anxiety. Chewing with the head low is more in line with the horse's natural physiology, creating even pressure on the teeth and allowing the jaw bone to move freely in all directions. Behavior of horses which suffer from this condition suggests that the horses. It is one part of the horse anatomy that makes the digestive tract of the horse so delicate. Shortly after the first order breached the base, luke skywalker appeared and kylo ren, in a futile attempt to eliminate his uncle, ordered all of his forces to fire at him. The conclusion about slow horse luke:. In conclusion, i hope you will be thrilled with slow horse luke review. 75 inches for a full-sized horse; anything smaller may cause undo frustration. a good rule of thumb for a herd is to create one more feeding station than you have horses. Few lines about slow horse luke. Luke tells asch, that he should be the one to die since he is a replica. Because 99% of the horses we rescue are very injured, sick or lame, humanity for horses is really just a very large hospital. A slow grazer will also slow down your horses consumption of hay. With respect to the improved racing times observed for horses on lasix, the researchers suggested this benefit may be due to lower body weights of horses on lasix rather than reduced bleeds. Johnny runs a nearby golf resort, and wouldn't you know it, will take exactly seven days to repair luke's truck, which is how long johnny needs to work his spells on the young man. Horse on the butt with a whip. Fast for our horses, and that's what precisely what prior, proper preparation is all about. We love our savvy feeder and highly recommend it for any horse. It means we have to get the horse to slow or stop and then we can teach him the cue, the code word for what we want. After all, the wooden horse was dedicated to grey-eyed athena, the great goddess of wisdom, and nobody wanted to feel her wrath. Horses are grazing animals but unfortunately the pastures we have today are not the same as what they evolved to eat. An added advantage is that feeding damp hay reduces the number of airborne dust and mold particles released into the horse's breathing space. A really bad spook can get of control on even the most obedient and quiet horse. Depending on your horse's current fitness level, continue to canter for at least ten minutes, and up to twenty minutes. Subverted: while luke's mother is natalia's father's sister,. Luke morris driving the ever willing marsha who seemed to be accelerating in the last 100 yards to snatch glory in the shadow of the post. Slow feeders provide a natural feeding environment whereby they can eat small amounts frequently without running out of food which is very stressful for them. The player must then find another horse, or use a horse deed, because the horse will be permanently lost for the player. There is an individual that is, oddly enough, respected by some as an accomplished horse trainer. I've tried using spurs and over unders but he is still slow. Limited gag offers leverage to help a rider lift and balance the horse's. I quickly realized how important the nag bag is going to be for my horses well being, both physically and emotionally. Luke metz is a ceramic artist and potter, he currently lives in sedona, arizona with his wife and roshi, his cat. When a warrior shouted that he was a coward, crazy horse lunged at him, but little big man held crazy horse back. Luke cheats by inviting not just his family to meet his lady (who wore her cowboy boots for the occasion) but also invites the entire town (except for probably one woman who ticked off his mom at a church potluck four years ago). Allow the horse to graze whenever he wants, thereby encouraging the horse to. It allows you to slow horse luke more than 75% of every time. Throw in some quivering little space-moles for cut-away fun, a dumb space-horse chase, whatever works. Can you devote some initial set up time so your horse can learn to use one. A platform collapses and separates the party into three pairs: luke and tear, guy and natalia, and jade and anise. Your goal should be to lead the horse calmly, not to drag the horse to the trailer. (it helped both me & the horse learn what was needed). A harsh bit shares the same problem (though in an opposite context); your horse might slow down some due to the increased pain, but you're not actually increasing his comfort factor or respect for you. Some equine conditions that have been associated with insulin resistance may therefore be more likely in obese horses, such as laminitis, cushing's disease, osteochondrosis, hyperlipemia and inflammation. I just don't get it, it's going to ruin the stock horse breeds. In human terms, the 'mother' of a horse. Two sets of heavy duty stainless steel d-rings make hanging the back from a wall or fence easy while also allowing easy and secure closure of the top, preventing the horse from pulling hay from the top. I feed a 14% protein to horses i rope off of or work cattle on.
Lower both hands and slightly square your shoulders to his. Slow horse luke review official website members area youtube training course reviews get it now get started now horse betting system free download app application scams really scam or legit video books download pdf does it work make money slowhorseluke. Slow feeding mimics a horse's natural eating habits in the wild, allowing small amounts of forage to be eaten over a long period of time. But the whole package, with its bizarre fondness for slow motion, feels correspondingly sluggish. Horse model will hold approximately 3 hay bales. My horse has muscle cramps all the time, i can't trail ride him far because he just ties up, i have him in pasture and on the recommended high fat/low suger/carb diet and it is a constant struggle to keep him healthy and happy. Horses' rider and his inseparable companion. When i first started doing this the first time it also helped me develop a better feel for my horse and better hand and leg aides. It's all about faith. He's been ridng with andre dignelli and heritage farm this summer and fall. And there are those masses in the middle—neither naive nor cheaters but rather honorable souls—who know the industry is more crooked than it ought to be but who still don't do all they can to fix the problem. Blood in urine: if you see your horse urinating blood, a severe infection or bladder injury is a possibility. (is the rancher's ability to communicate with the horse linked to his unhurried manner. "i discovered the importance of nutrition for not only me but my horses. We spoke to luke comer about their plans. That a horse has difficulty seeing things directly in front of them means that when they are negotiating jumps, a narrow bridge or other obstacles they may be doing it 'blind' for a very brief moment. But what has the biggest impact on the horse is how the reins are used. The ancient tradition, that our lord was born in a grotto or cave, is quite consistent with this, the country being rocky. He reportedly said, "my lands are where my dead lie buried. Of the weight down hill. Western pleasure might be a whole different ballgame. A shark and smashing it's head on the side of the float or on the head division. Slow horse luke needs a little patience and time. The low point of all these was trace adkins' brown chicken brown cow, an actual song about hooking up in a barn whose entire purpose was to evoke the "bow chicka wow wow" sound associated with filmed sex scenes. Knocked up: describes a horse that weakens noticeably in the concluding stages. Would last longer than that week did. A statistician and analyst by trade i would look over… read more…. Sometimes they even put their hand on the horse. Again, you can mount the horse without any trouble. "that became kind of the m. Everyone thinks that star lifestyle is so sexy, but in reality it's very difficult to keep a long-term marriage going and keep the fire going. The climax is when the greek soldeirs come out f the wooden horse. Gobbo, the peevish, vindictive stable hand, hates the smelly, messy barnyard work — so much so that he refuses to believe that giuseppe is first overjoyed to be assigned to the stables, and then crestfallen when he is ultimately removed from his favored office and the stables reassigned again to gobbo. 1,799 of respondents were involved in an accident in england,. And explain why each is unsafe. This hay bag also helps reduce mess and waste. Apply positive reinforcement when working with your horse. Katy perry for their collaboration, "dark horse. Her horse's long, slow stride let her make subtle adjustments and she found each jump perfectly. Slowing consumption, reducing waste while providing a safe and durable product. - if a player starts a multiplayer free roam session in blackwater and whistles for their horse, there is significant chance that their currently saved single player horse will respond instead of their multiplayer unlocked horse. They are also active in the london office market and have seven large development projects under way. Despite no one being able to tame it, léod attempted to mount it, but was killed when the stallion threw him. If you have a hole that has been left and is now very large and cannot be pulled together without making the bag too small, you will need a repair patch kit. In a matter of minutes, luke will succumb to hypothermia under our understanding of physiological limits. But you can't, yeah man. Slow horse luke review-is this scam or legit. Step 2: next, draw a vertical line down the center of the oval and a horizontal line near the top of the oval. So while it gets off to a slow start, "defenders" is definitely worth your time, especially if you're already a fan of any of the standalone shows. Nice slow feed net and the 1. This slows consumption, making a ration of hay last longer and keeping horses busy over a greater period of time. The corner feeder holds about 30-40 pounds when filled fairly loosely with partially shook-out flakes. Meanwhile, while figuring out which wedding to attend, becky must also learn to deal with his own issues with his disinterested, unsupportive mother. The signal doesn't make the horse stop, any more than the blue light slowed traffic. With 8 goals and 8 assists in 29 games on one of the worst teams in the nhl at the moment, it seems almost guaranteed he could do big things on a contender. Luke was next hired by jasper brunt, to investigate the "phantom of 45th street". It is fucking bleak though. So it actually puts an even pressure across the tongue, that is only relieved by the horse moving the lower jaw closer to the hand that pulls the rein. Slow horse luke review luke glover betting gambling master racing tipster bet pointer betting anyone worth results coupon facebook worth syndicate picks twitter worth review scam login picks blog is legit reviews value racing system blog horse racing youtube work forum income related service. If you are consistent with your cues and practice often, pretty soon your horse will learn that the seat squeeze means slow down. The smaller holes mean it is harder for your horse to get caught up so they are safer to use and perfect for using in the horse float. The seats had patterns and splashes of body color, and are comfortable too. When you feel like there's a sign there on your back. first cutting season with my. If the horse moves backwards, just increase the. You'll want to be careful when using this brush on or under areas of the face and below the knees and hocks, as these areas have little muscle, and are sensitive areas. A small number of flock animals were housed, not in attached exterior sheds, but inside the house in one of the ground floor rooms. slow feeding is proven to improve the digestive process, which leads to better overall equine health. I've found the variable speed features are terrific, enabling nearly an infinite number of custom settings--from a very, very slow, creeping-along speed (which i use for maneuvering over the tops of exposed tree roots) all the way to almost having to jog to stay the pace. the horse's digestive system is designed to process food all day long and the lack of small amounts of continual hay can cause havoc on a horse's body; ranging from their stomach to their hooves. Your sole and giving in to the horse. Mark hamill talks about luke skywalker's return to star wars, how the last jedi is full of tragedy and setbacks, and how much he misses his on-screen sister and off-screen friend, carrie fisher. And still a younger generation which will never know him at all. When approaching the back of the trailer and getting the horse in position to load, tap the horse on the rump/upper hip to give it the "go forward" command. This often leaves dietary restriction as the only means for weight loss, making it increasingly more difficult. On the other hand, if the hole is too large, the horse will typically eat as much as if the hay were loose on the ground. If this rider just lowers the bit 2 holes, the horse will instead try to pull the tongue up and over the bit to avoid pain. Many people believe that feeding hay before grain slows feed intake. Horses are naturally programmed to spend the majority of their time consuming forage, such as hay and grass. Christ, and has indeed in a measure believed in him but when at last that. Welcome to slow horse luke review; on this page we have reviewed slow horse luke for your success. In the old testament earthquakes were also regular features of divine visitation. Why would one want to use such hideous pony club like-things on a horse ever. Then the transmission started slipping so i brought it back. Alexander also defeated and conquered persia. An individual horse's value is outside the society's jurisdiction. Basal and pentagastrin stimulated gastric secretion in young horses. When his actions result in what amounts to an entire town being massacred, he's uniformly blamed by his party members, and. he absolutely refused to give me a refund. When the horse is standing still and not working, you are supposed to be able to rattle the noseband because it is un-engaged. Don't encourage speed hoping to tire the horse so he'll go slowly it won't. 's) and fill the head chamber with water. I started out with a small batch of hay just to see if it would work and to get familiar with how to do it. Grooming: the process by which the dirt on the horse is transferred to the groom. Horses were acclimated to their assigned treatment for 2 days, followed by 3 days of data collection, and a wash-out period of 2 days. For the purpose of the story, luke has been binding her chest since twelve, but this is a story, and improper binding (which is anything without a binder, aka a piece of clothing specifically designed for binding) can and will cause. Both, advanced scientific studies and classical authors fault the driving aids. The changes include more rock left in place to support the outstretched arm and the horse's head. He needed something to protect the horse's mouth while the owner was learning to ride. Meanwhile, general crook, having retreated to fort laramie on the bozeman trail, outfitted for a winter campaign against crazy horse. A horse's stomach is small, l with only a 8-15 litre capacity and is designed to have a constant flow of roughage. …he was holding both hands down on his side. We offer consignment sales as well as offer our own hunter horses and ponies for sale. The horse will turn, but then reposition himself facing the original way down the trail. Han finishes a hologram of himself and hands it to c-3po so they can begin the plan. One door sends out orange. I had my horse in a plain 3 ring snaffle, and i felt that it wasn't doing enough for me, i knew my horses didn't need alot of bit just a smuge more than a plain snaffle. A week ago in indianapolis, when ware's right leg gruesomely snapped, most of the cardinals went to pieces. We always talk on the phone and i would come over by his house and we would make beats together. The result is that a militarily weak foe keeps "strong horsing" the most powerful nations in the world. i have also heard this be called partial anhidrosis. Their tolerance towards each other hasn't changed in shopaholic & baby, which becky banned her from being a part of minnie's life(despite luke's best efforts to convince ner not to). As quantities of seeds fed increases, consumption will frequently slow, sometimes to the point of total refusal. Allow your horse to begin his work with speed, that promotes fast work and gets. Your horses can now graze at their horse hay feeders 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. The client component is the portion of the malware that infects the end-user's computer. Demonstrated that horses took longer to consume their hay as the hole size was. ) horse sense – something that horses have that stops them betting on humans. Secure the trailer if you can so that the horse doesn't just dump it. In fact, in luke's gospel, the story of the lawyer's question and the parable of the good samaritan are essentially one story. Tom: ones that involved multitasking were the most challenging – where you had to jump off a galloping horse, get your cloak off in mid-air and draw your sword. Another example is the rage and fury aeneas exhibits when he kills turnus at the end of book xii, which some see as his final abandonment of "pietas" in favour of "furor". It also lets me readily engage and disengage the spool during slow retrieves. After jesus' day, and as jesus quoted, the end would not yet be, because this was just the. Don't let other people feed anything to your horse without your knowledge. If they keep quiet, the stones will cry out" (luke 19:40). Work is the most difficult for the horse to learn, so don't get in a rush. Otherwise, you will teach your horse than "whoa" can mean keep going). Commonly used in commercial horse feeds, soy hulls are slightly lower in digestibility than beet pulp. and since laminitis is the second-leading medical killer of horses, a grazing muzzle may just your horse's life. But without this explanation, the general reader, following the scientific view, would believe that moses had erred. That way the people brought in the wooden horse…and the trojans killed them all. But the ultimate result has been frustrating. Shod horses can trap a foot on the metal openings. You will find that the horse. If you don't know how to maintain his good training, he'll quickly degenerate into a poorly-trained horse. His methods parody those of the freudian school, even though freud's own pioneering work is still some years in the future. Everything leads me to believe that luke would identify as a transgender man. According to what luke wrote in acts, this is what happened:. For groups rather than individuals. If it were merely a matter of many scientific blunders, there would be little value in writing an article to point them out. Unfortunately this is my first negative review on trip advisor and fully justified. However, only a small proportion of a horse's diet should be comprised of "busy hay" high in ndf. That's why our 100% satisfaction guarantee lets you make a purchase in confidence: if you make a selection that does not suit you or your horse, you may return it for a full refund, replacement or an exchange. How many horses will use the feeder at once. We were supposed to get our money back and then switched to paying for them to check it out. Blue part is the strap used to shut it. From a trainer's perspective, i'd want any horse that entered the national to be naturally built for jumping and going the distance. "great multitude in heaven" break out in praise (19:1-2). Teach your horse to respond to the aids by releasing the tension in the rein as a reward. When he's with lean on pete, plummer's smile is radiant enough to power all the stadium lights at the racetrack, which makes the slow disappearance of that grin even more devastating. These feeds are called high glycemic index feeds," explains carey williams, phd, associate director of the rutgers university equine science center, in new brunswick, n. The gondola is a nice trip to the top of the mountain with views of lake louise and lake moraine. Paul knocked off his horse. Review written & published on criticalwrit. Not big enough for 4 horses, but i am using a cage i had. as she continued packing, becky got nervous when she started thinking about luke's anger when he returns to cyprus. In this spoiler-free review, helen o'hara offers her thoughts on the harlem superhero. That means if you put 10 pounds of pull on the reins, the horse will feel 30 pounds of pressure squeezing his mouth. (found out later) i layed out the netting, which is tricky because it's very soft. The images, captioned #willyouslowdownformyhorsenow, are being shared on the facebook page of the slow down for my horse campaign and it's certainly making an impression: over 6,000 likes and counting. To that fearful place together. Which of the apostles was it who saw this beautiful vision of heaven called. Selection & convenience: captain jack's tours is a day tour/events company and ticket broker specializing in the santa barbara area. The weapon's blades also crackled and arced like electricity and funneled like fire, giving the weapon a ragged, menacing appearance and a deep, growling hum. I think that the climax of the story was when the horse comes into the story. The horse tumbled 15 feet into the water when a rain-soaked riverbank gave way in franklin. Ask k8_cumbria about lucky luke horse riding. We are equally happy to provide a complete case review, as we are to undertake diagnostic imaging of a specific site. 3% where you can go crazy about it. You can read about some of the hazards in doing so here. Instead, redirect the horse into a behavior that you want to see. Could drive the at-ats, it would be slow and boring and if you screwed it all up it would be the most humiliating three-point turn in the history of galactic warfare:. The other feeder i'd bought (which i'll be selling) is a barrel-style that is quite deep. The morgan feels like a luxury item simply because itâs built of things cars donât seem to be made from anymore. The gods have rightly punished that wicked old priest for sending his spear into the wooden horse. Then go back to fast and back to slow. Is he all wires and junk. I may not have the most experience with mental illness, but i'm pretty sure that's not how it works. But suddenly, chocolate-wine lovers (and they are legion) have more than a dozen to choose from. Like this, self-carriage and proud expression become permanent features of the horse's own nature. Providing hay through small openings. Luke shows up and catches of glimpse of his father, who still refuses to speak. Who, then, is the rider of the white horse in revelation 6. " what is particularly meaningful to you about these songs (15:4). This slow horse luke program is an ideal service for you if you want to earn something a bit extra aside from what you are making right now from your present job. Mating season is generally around march-august. * not all nets created equal (some nets the horses could easily put holes in the mesh creating a much larger hole defeating the purpose of the net). A high number of dose -- yes, and some came close. 'tis manna to the hungry soul,. Clippings are super fine cut, no "dead brown grass" on top of my yard. Also reduces the chance of a horse getting a hoof stuck in the holes. The trojan priest, laocoön, saw through the greek plot and urged the horse's destruction, but he and both his sons were attacked and eaten by two giant sea snakes in an apparently divine intervention. But i wanted to separate it to show you that this sign alone reveals we. A hay net is the simplest and most economical tool for slow-feeding horses. It must have been scary to be inside the horse wondering whether the trojans would set the horse on fire or something worse. Luke just flatly said he would never turn. Not only do you get nervouse but the horse can sense it and sometimes get nervous as well. In the new jerusalem, in the future eternity, there will be no need for the sun, for the glory of the lord will illuminate it (revelation 21:23. Washington state veterinarian leonard eldridge said a horse that was treated at the washington state university veterinary teaching hospital in pullman tested positive for the virus. No it's not a nude jockey convention you haven't heard of — it's part of a campaign to encourage motorists to slow down when passing horses. that's a lot of wheels. It hangs at the mouth of a wooden manger in a stall, low enough the horse is eating with his head slightly down, but out of the way enough no one should every get anything caught in it.


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Dr. Ephraim Goodweather delves deep into the Masters history in an attempt to find the monsters origin site and kill him once and for all, but his path is uncertain. Meanwhile, the rebels secret base is under siege from a vast army of vampires. Will the Master finally wipe out the resistance?
If you have followed The Strain this far, then you are wholly invested and fully committed to reading its run. Though I have not been as impressed with The Night Eternal as the other two graphic books, I am fully into the struggles of the characters and am anxious to see where it all goes. Issue #12 helps to perpetuate me to that inevitable conclusion and gives me hope for a place of hopeless that I have been witnessing and reading for a pretty good while. The Master isn't quite against the ropes yet, but at least our heroes might have a strategy other than surviving to defeat this Night Eternal. Read Full Review
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Bradley will continue the series on World Champions with his lecture on Wilhelm Steinitz, the man who revolutionised chess thinking with his theory on chess positional play.
Come witness a great game where Steinitz puts his theory into action. You are not going to see fireworks but the methodical buildup of factors listed by the great World Champion.
We start at 8pm and this will last 1 hour. There will be no league game on March 18.
Please reply at email@example.com to reserve your seats. Members only.


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The name says it all. This room was designed with excellence and luxury in mind. Inclusive of a jacuzzi, together with ample space, this room can accomodate two guests, but we also offer space for a child up to 12 years, free sharing on a comfy folding bed. This room comes has a balcony with table and chairs overlooking the pool. And an ensuite.
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- Jacuzzi
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- Size: 26m2
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Capri Blue Guava Blossom 19 oz. Candle
$ 32.00
We now have the Capri Blue Guava Blossom scent in the beautiful blue signature jars! Guava Blossom is a delicious mix of tropical fruit with a hint of musk. You will feel like you're on a permanent vacation whenever you light this candle!
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- Burn Time: Up to 85 hours
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All shipping costs are free, being included in the price of the gift purchased!
Flowers and Baskets: Every flower or fruit basket order will be delivered within 24 hours after we have confirmed the address for delivery. The flowers will be cut fresh no more than 2 hours before they are sent for delivery and will arrive to the recipient within a few hours after that.
Chocolates and Plush Toys: All products other than flowers and baskets will be sent by special delivery within 24 hours of our having confirmed the address for delivery. Gift recipients living in major cities will receive their gift within 48 hours of it being sent, others will receive it within 3 to 5 days of being sent.


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Where we are and where we are heading.
2 Redskin TrlKnox, IN 46534-2238Phone: (574) 772-1600 Fax: (574) 772-1608Corporation Homepage
Superintendent: Dr William email@example.com of schools in corporation: 3
Starke County
Schools in Knox Community School Corp
Knox Community Elementary School (7845) PK - 04
Knox Community High School (7833) 09 - 12
Knox Community Middle School (7837) 05 - 08
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Graduate data are only displayed for high schools that report graduate data to the state.


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The Global Spine Congress will once again offer a packed schedule showcasing the very latest approaches to spinal care. Our renowed international Faculty will moderate and present an inspiring range of parallel scientific sessions and symposia, with original podium presentations where lively debates and discussions are guaranteed. The Scientific Programme will be complemented by multilingual session symposia led by local spine society delegates.
There will be two complementary pre courses on the first day of the congress. Participants can attend this pre-courses but there are limited places available and they would have to pre register in order to attend them.
Scientific paper sessions
Moderated by distinguished Faculty, the best peer-reviewed abstracts who have been accepted in the selection process will be delivered in 5-minute presentations, giving surgeons and researchers the occasion to present their ideas and innovations to the world; time for discussion will be reserved at the end of each session.
Abstract submission should be in English but the selected abstract submitters can present either in English or in Spanish.
Visit the abstract page to get more information of the different topics that will be presented and to submit your abstract.
Spanish speaking sessions - Sesiones en español
A Spanish speaking program with a specific room session in Spanish will be running in paralel to the English sessions.
Participants selected to present on-site could present their work in Spanish.
Some guest Latin American spine societies will run simposia in English and in Spanish.
Tendremos un programa paralelo a las sesiones en inglés completamente en español.
Los participantes cuyos abstracts hayan sido seleccionados podrán presentar sus trabajos en español.
Contaremos con la asistencia de diferentes asociaciones Latino Americanas que organizarán varios Simposio en español.
Society symposia
The congress offers multilingual sessions on the first and second day runned by guest spine societies from different countries. This sessions will be in English and in Spanish.
Participants will be able to select between eight different spine symposia. The symposia will cover the latest treatments and technologies for the management of spinal disorders. Lively debates and discussions on a range of hot topics are guaranteed.


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Job details
|NSW - Sydney
|7 months ago
Job description
This company is a large, well known organisation based in Sydney's Western Suburbs. A permanent full time position has become available for an Accounts Receivable Officer to join their friendly and dynamic team.
You will be focused on liaising with the Sales Managers and Senior Management to ensure all the monies owing is receipted in a timely manner, You will be successful in this role by demonstrating your superior problem solving and collection skills.
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About you
- 3-4 years experience working in collections/reconciliations
- Advanced MS Office skills, strong Excel
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If you think you would be good for this role, please send your resume to email@example.com or click 'APPLY'.


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Louise Curran, Samuel Richardson and the Art of Letter-Writing
Review by Rachel Sulich (University of Leeds) of Louise Curran, Samuel Richardson and the Art of Letter-Writing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. Pp 267. £64.99. ISBN 9781107131514.
Louise Curran; Eighteenth-Century Literature; Eighteenth-Century Literary Criticism; Interpretation; Samuel Richardson; Correspondence; Letter Writing; Epistolary Exchange; Authorship; Self-Fashioning; Publicity; Archives; Posterity
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Section Objectives
A quadratic function is a 2nd degree polynomial function. Every quadratic function can be written in the form , where , , and are real numbers with .
The graph of a quadratic function is a smooth U-shaped curve called a parabola. The turning point at the tip of the U is called the vertex, and the graph is symmetric about the vertical line through the vertex.
Any quadratic function can be written in the equivalent vertex form
by using a process called completing the square.