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When you're low on cash between paychecks or have an unexpected financial emergency, a payday loan can be a tempting option to help you make ends meet or access cash quickly. However, these short-term loans, which are usually due on the day of your next payday, are extremely risky. They come with very high interest rates and other charges. The payday loan interest rates in the United States ranges from 154% to 664%.
Equally troubling, payday loans are often marketed to those who can least afford them, i.e. people who earn less than $40,000 a year. Although this type of loan is marketed as a short-term loan, payday loans can create a cycle of debt that is difficult to break free from.
What is a personal loan?
A payday loan is usually a short-term loan, lasting two to four weeks, that does not require collateral to be obtained. These loans are generally supposed to be repaid in one installment with your next paycheck when you receive Social Security income or a pension payment.
In most cases, payday loans are granted for relatively small amounts, often $500 or less, with the average borrower getting a payday loan of around $375. In some cases, payday loans can be made for larger amounts.
To obtain a payday loan, borrowers are asked to write a personal check for the amount of debt plus finance charges. If the loan is not repaid on time, the lender will deposit the check to recover their funds. Some lenders may request authorization to electronically deduct the funds from your bank account instead of requiring you to provide a personal check.
Payday loans generally do not involve credit checks, and your ability to repay debt while continuing to pay your daily expenses is generally not considered part of the application process.
Who usually takes out a personal loan?
Payday loans are most often sought out by those with ongoing cash flow issues, as opposed to borrowers who find themselves facing a financial emergency. A payday loan study found that 69 percent of borrowers first used a payday loan to cover recurring expenses such as utility bills, rent, mortgages, student loan payments or credit card bills. Only 16% of borrowers use payday loans for unexpected expenses.
These loans are also widely used by people living in neighborhoods and communities that are underserved by traditional banks or who do not have a bank account with a major financial institution. Payday lenders operate stores in 32 states, although a handful of states recently passed reforms requiring payday lenders to switch from a model in which borrowers must repay the loan in full with their next paycheck. pays to a fairer and less risky installment repayment structure.
What are the risks of personal loans?
Due to the many risks associated with payday loans, they are often viewed as predatory.
For starters, payday loans often come with astronomical interest rates. Those who take out such loans have to pay between $10 and $30 for every $100 borrowed. A typical payday loan with a two-week repayment term and a fee of $15 per $100 equates to an APR of almost 400%.
Many payday lenders also offer rollovers or renewals, which allow you to simply pay the cost of borrowing the money on the loan's due date and extend the balance owing for a longer period. It can be a slippery slope that has borrowers quickly getting in over their heads with fees and interest piling up. According to recent data from Pew Charitable Trusts, the average borrower finds themselves in debt for five months to fully pay off what was supposed to be a one-time payday loan. In the process, borrowers pay hundreds of dollars more in fees than originally advertised for the loan.
Are payday loans really worth it?
With their high interest rates and fees, a payday loan is rarely a good idea. The fees alone cost Americans $4 billion a year. Because the costs associated with these loans are so high, borrowers often struggle to repay them and take on more debt, so it's a good idea to carefully consider your options before taking out a payday loan.
However, if you are in dire need or need cash quickly and are confident you can repay the loan with your next paycheck, a payday loan may be a good idea. These loans may also be worth considering if you have no other financial options or if you have no credit and would not qualify for a traditional loan.
Alternatives to payday loans
Before taking on the significant financial risks associated with a payday loan, consider other alternatives that may be less expensive. Some of the options to consider include:
- Borrowing money from family or friends: Payday loans should be a last resort. If you have family or friends willing to help you, it may be better to borrow money from your relatives than from a predatory lender.
- Home Equity Loan: Tapping into the equity in your home will give you a much more competitive interest rate than a payday loan. Home equity loans are a popular way to access cash to consolidate debt or pay for other large or unexpected expenses. However, to access the equity in your home, you will need to meet certain requirements, including having a good credit rating, a stable income, and a debt-to-equity ratio of 43% or less.
- Payday advance : Some employers may offer the possibility of taking a salary advance. This implies that the employer grants you a short-term loan which you will repay on your future salaries. Typically, the employer sets guidelines for how and when the money is to be repaid.
- Personal loan: For those with good credit, a personal loan can be a safer and more cost-effective borrowing option. Plus, if you need money fast, some online lenders can provide personal loan funds in as little as a day or two.
- Sell unwanted items: There are various online platforms that allow you to turn all kinds of unwanted items into cash quickly. Some of the better known options include eBay, Facebook Marketplace, Craigslist and OfferUp. If it's unwanted or used clothes that you want to convert into cash, there are also online resale platforms that specialize in this niche, including ThredUp, Poshmark, and TheRealReal. Many of these marketplaces deposit proceeds from sales directly into your bank account, while others, like OfferUp, allow you to sell locally and receive money directly from buyers.
- Lateral stampede: Thanks to the proliferation of apps and websites like Thumbtack, TaskRabbit, Rover, Uber, and Lyft, it's possible to do a few odd jobs in your spare time to quickly build up a side stream of income. TaskRabbit, for example, allows tasks to do everything from assembling furniture for extra cash to home delivery, gardening, and mounting TVs. Rover is a pet sitting and walking network where animal lovers can offer services.
At the end of the line
With high interest rates and tight repayment terms, payday loans are rarely the best choice when you need cash. Often, these types of loans trap borrowers in an inescapable cycle of debt.
Before resorting to a personal loan, consider the many alternatives. Borrowing money from family or friends, opening a home loan, or taking out a personal loan are far less risky options. And if you're not in a rush for the money, there are even more options, including selling items you no longer want or taking on a side job to earn the extra cash you need.


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Dear Editor,
I want to extend my personal thanks for helping make our first Community Shred Day such a huge success on Saturday, Feb. 22 in Santa Monica.
As a result, we recycled 1.22 tons of paper/cardboard, saved 20.8 trees, 5 megawatts of electricity and 7,332 gallons of water, eliminated the equivalent of 3.7 cubic yards of landfill waste, and prevented 33 tons of pollutants from entering the environment.
Equally important, by taking steps to shred confidential and personal information, each of you who participated helped strengthen your protection against identify theft, which according to the FBI is the fastest growing crime in the United States.
If you missed the Community Shred Day, you can still take steps to prevent your identity from being stolen.
Keep personal and identifying information locked in a safe. Take outgoing mail to the post office or to a mailbox.
Opt out of direct mail credit offers by calling the Federal Trade Commission's OPTOUT line at: 1-888-567-8688. Don't carry social security cards in a purse or wallet. Only write the last four digits of the account number on the memo line when paying bills by check.
Don't sign the back of credit and debit cards. Instead, write "PHOTO I.D. REQUIRED FOR USE".
Once again thank you for your participation, and keep an eye out for our next Community Shred Day!
Jeffrey Baker
General Manager
Gates, Kingsley and Gates Moeller Murphy

subset: commoncrawl


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They had fantastic food though, including Pretzel Buns, which I may have to figure out how to make myself, and a really neat "Fruit slaw." The "slaw" was grated apples, blueberries and strawberries, with whole milk yogurt and topped with sunflower seeds. It was surprisingly great- crunchy, sweet, tart- like Museli without the grains.
I met up with the woman (Karen? Carla?- I've got to start writing this down) who had told me about the bike cages at South Station on Wednesday. Today she was riding this awesome chopper bike, which I belatedly think is this bike. It's so incredibly cool to meet the people behind the bikes I stop and admire on the street!
Two others that I have run into at events and on the road before:
This elegant lady is Renata von Tscharner, an architect, urban planner and the founder of the Charles River Conservancy. She had a fantastic tweed skirt that would be perfect for the tweed ride, and had a lovely green and gold jacket, that she folded neatly and put into the milkcrate on her rack.
Because we were such a small group, I successfully advocated for us to leave at 8AM instead of 8:15 so that I had about 5 minutes at the bike rally on City Hall Plaza without being completely late to work.
Part of our convoy (and a randomly passing biker with a great pink bike and what I think might have been a dotted swiss dress).
Boy, I was exhausted before I even got to work, but it was sure fun to meet so many people and talk about bikes and how much we love them.


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"Gombin: The Life and Destruction of
a Jewish Town in Poland",
"Gombin: dos Lebn un Umkum fun a Yiddish Shtetl in Poylin"
Gombiner Landsmanschaft
in America, New York, 1969.
Rose Greenbaum - Dinerman
Survived as an "Aryan"
By Rose Greenbaum - Dinerman
(Pages 77-78 English part; pages 116-127 Yiddish part)
There were four of us siblings in the family, three brothers and myself, the youngest. My parents were well-known but only to the Jewish population of Gombin but among the Gentiles, as well. My father purchased wheat from peasants in surrounding villages and sent it to Kutno, Plock and Warsaw. In addition, my parents owned a motion picture theatre which they built themselves after the first World War. At the beginning, our cinema was called "Polonia", later renamed "Adria". In the building housing the cinema, there occasionally appeared Yiddish theatrical ensembles travelling through the province. My parents also had a food store in our Gombin house. Everything my parents did had one purpose: to achieve security and a better life for their children. But fate willed it otherwise...
The Greenbaum Family
of Gombin
(Yizkor Book page 28 Eng)
The summer of 1939 was a pleasant one. September appeared full of promise. But along with the splendour of nature, the bloody was suddenly burst over our heads.
The Germans fell upon Poland on the first day of September 1939. In spite of the fact that Gombin did not have military installations, they bombarded us for three days in a row, sowing death and destruction among the helpless populace.
When the bombs began to rain upon us, we ran to the fields for shelter. My father stayed behind, refusing to leave the house. He spent most of his time aiding the wounded and the maimed.
Then the Germans entered Gombin and transformed the life of the Jews into a Gehenna (inferno). Soon after their arrival, the Germans rounded up all Jewish males between the ages of fifteen and sixty-five and took them to the large synagogue, which had the reputation of being one of the finest in Poland. They put the synagogue to the torch and burnt it down. The assembled Jews were pushed and shoved toward the billowing flames, beaten savagely all the time. My brother, Stan, was among those beaten and tortured; he hardly escaped with his life.
Every passing day the Germans beat their drum and announced new disabling decrees aimed at the Jews. The Jews were ordered, from start, to turn in their gold, pay all kinds of fines and wear the yellow Star of David on the chest and shoulder. We were forbidden to walk on the sidewalks - only the middle of the road. We were ordered to clean up the debris caused by the German bombardment and to keep the business establishment closed.
The disabling decrees multiplied daily and life became unbearable.
One day, twenty German soldiers poured into our house, led by a young Gentile, Albert Fatt, the son of a German, who used to deal with my father. The Germans said they came to search for weapons; but this was nothing but a badly-disguised lie.
The Germans turned our house upside down, taking away all objects of value. Many of the things which they seized, Albert brought outside, where a crowd of Poles assembled to enjoy the pogrom. I had been away from home, returning in the middle of this scene. Seeing me approach, Fatt pointed the gun at me, threatening to kill my whole family, myself included, unless I revealed where we hid the weapons.
"You can search wherever you please," I told him. "You know very well we don't have any weapons."
Shortly, the Germans emptied my father's store room of the wheat and went through the legalistic ritual of signing for it. On the following Christmas it turned colder. On that day there arrived from Lodz a Gestapo man who walked the streets of Gombin and whenever he saw a Jew, beat him with a rubber truncheon. He broke into Jewish homes, ordered the women to remove all their clothes and beat them within an inch of their lives.
One day, accompanied by two other Germans, the Gestapo man entered Sala Luszinska's house, where the three of them got drunk; later they broke into the Rosen's dwelling, where the Tiber family who had a girl of eleven and a boy of six, lived. The besotted Germans ordered the little girl to accompany them. Pleas and tears proved no avail. They took the girl with them. The parents ran to the Jewish Committee, to the police, the mayor, pleading for her release. A day later, she was found in the field, dead naked, violated.
The despondent parents never recovered from the blow. The mother would not let anyone tear her away from the girl's grave; she died several months later.
The kidnapping of Gombin Jews on the streets to be pressed into work gangs, the beatings and the tortures became a daily occurrence. But the news trickling in from surrounding towns was even more gruesome. The Jews of Kutno were all ordered by the Nazis to abandon their dwellings and move into a vacant factory. Early in 1941, the Jews of Kutno, Kolo and other towns were deported to the Chelmno death camp. It was the first time we heard of vans in which Jews were being gassed to death, of mass graves, of Jews being forced to dig graves then being shot and buried in them. At the start, none of us let any credence to these stories, but daily the evidence increased that what we did not wish to believe was a fact of life.
Early in the fall, the finger of death began to point at Gombin. At first, the Germans deported a hundred young Jews to the Amsee forced labour camp. My brother, Albert, was among the first to be taken. They came for him in the middle of the night. His hands trembled when he got dressed to follow them. My brother, Stan, who was married, ran to the Judenrat, accompanied by our mother and myself, to plead for Albert. But it was to no avail. Despondent, we stood by, gazing at our loved ones being loaded onto open trucks and driven away to the camp.
In the fall of 1941, the Germans issued a decree interring the Jews of Gombin in two Ghettos. One of the ghettos was near the forest, the other was along both sides of Cobbler Street, not far from the cemetery. We were forced to leave our house and moved into dentist Greenboim's dwelling. Soon afterwards, the Germans issued another decree: head-tax. From two Jews who escaped from Kolo, we found out that the head-tax was the beginning of the end, that after this decree the deportations began.
One night we heard heavy foot steps nearby, blows and screams. Our door flew open and a German entered. His murderous gaze fell on my father whom he ordered to dress and accompany him. We knew they would send my father to a camp, but all our pleas and tears and words to the effect that our father was old and unsuited for heavy work proved to no avail. With the arrival of dawn, we made up a package of food and clothing and I took it to the town garage where the Jews were being held, pending deportation. I found my father deep inside the garage, sitting in the company of his friends: Zalman Kerber, Yankl Klinger, Yankl Tiber, the teacher Frenkel and others. When he saw me, my father's face became even more sombre, as my coming was a perilous thing and might end tragically for us both.
My father's last words to me were: "Don't lose courage, daughter, our enemy's end is near..." We embraced and I left. I never saw my father again.
My father's letters from the camp were comforting and uncomplaining. He seemed determined to cause us no anxiety. But from others we learned that conditions in the camp were unbearable. We sent food parcels, but he received only a couple of them, as they deported him to another place.
The last letter we received from my father, was from Libernu, a camp in Poznan.
One day we received a letter, but it was not from my father; it was from the Jewish congragation informing us briefly about my father's death. According to them, he died in the following manner: he had gone to the forest to chop wood for the camp; on the road he was struck by a Gestapo motorcycle and died of a hemmorrhage.
My father did not live to receive the last parcel we sent him, nor did he live to witness the enemy's demise, for which he so fervently hoped and prayed. Tragic was his death and sacred his memory.
The numbing frosts came early in the winter of 1941. It was so cold, each morning children were found frozen to death. During that period, my brother Albert, accompained by two young men, Rosenberg and Zalmen Bressler, ran away from camp and returned to Gombin. We sat in our house and talked about the possibilities of saving our lives. My brother and his friends brought up the notion about seeking shelter on the "Aryan" side, outside the ghetto. But we had heard not long ago about the four Zychlin girls who fled from the ghetto to the "Aryan" side and there, found by the Germans, were shot to death. Our mood was a despondent one. It occurred to us that instead of dying by the Nazi hand, we take our own lives. But we also knew that we must cling to life to the very end, no matter how small our chances of survival, to spite our enemy.
Soon afterward, it was decided that my brother Albert and myself try to break out of the ghetto, as our only chance of remaining alive. My brother left first and my turn came on March 17.
I rose early, said goodby to my mother. She wept, embraced me and said: "Remember, no matter what happens to us, you must do all you can to live." My brother's son, Izho. was asleep. I stood for a long time over his little bed, gazing at his bright, innocent face.
My eyes filled with tears, I left the house, accompanied by my brother and sister-in-law who took me to a waiting cart which was to take me to the peasant village of Szczegowo, in East Prussia. According to rumors, the Germans' murder gangs were less in evidence there than in the "Government General" ("Generalgouvernement") and chances of survival were better.
Riding on the cart along with me, was a Jewish couple named Glass, who had relatives in Szczegowo. They assured me that on arrival at our destination, their relatives would help me.
The day was cold, the sky seeded with dark clouds. Snow began falling on us who sat in deep silence, wrapped in our own thoughts.
After we'd covered ten kilometers without incident, there suddenly emerged from the blinding snow a man who stopped the cart in which we were riding and asked the driver: "Who are your passengers?"
"'Wealthy Jews," the driver replied.
The stranger measured us with a sharp gaze, left and soon returned, accompanied by a German policeman. The policeman ordered our driver to a nearby courtyard. The Glass couple trembled with fear and my heart beat wildly.
We were led into a room full of uniformed Germans: Their first order was for us to give them all we owned: money, gold; diamonds. They searched us but found nothing. After detaining us for hours, they took us back to the cart and said we would now be taken to the Gestapo headquarters. Hearing the word "Gestapo", my blood froze. But most frightened was Glass, who had a bad heart. He seemed crushed by the news, his face pale, his lips trembling. He appeard on the point of a heart attack.
The distance between the courtyard and the Gestapo headquarters was short. A German soldier led us inside. We saw behind a large, shiny desk a German who appeared to be in his fifties. He regarded us with his blue-green eyes, then turning to me inquired whether the Glass couple were my relatives. I replied in the negative and pleaded with him to have pity on my "old mother" and let me go back to her. He grew thoughtful for an instant and it seemed to me I noticed in his eyes a spark of human empathy.
Suddenly two young well-fed Gestapo men came in from another room. They did not come near us, but remained at a distance, gazing at us with disgust, as of our presence in the room made the air unclean. Gazing into the eyes of these men, made me shudder. These were the eyes of sadists and murderers. A moment later, they left the room. The older man who sat behind the desk, followed them. We heard them conversing behind the door, first in even tones, then shrilly and loudly. Soon the older man returned, his breath wheezing. A tall Gestapo man followed him and motioned with his finger to Glass. The sick old man rose and followed the Gestapo man; his wife who stayed behind, turned chalk white. An instant later we heard piercing cries of pain that chilled the heart. Then Glass came stumbling in, white foam at the corners of his mouth, his body trembling. The husky, red-headed Gestapo man turned toward me and roared: "Come here!" I followed him into a large room in the center of which was a large table, its top a forest of large spikes. On the floor were large metal chains. The windows were laced with iron bars. The four Gestapo huskies ordered me to take off my coat. One of them demanded I give them my gold, money, diamonds and other valuables; if I failed to comply and if any found anything on my person, they would beat me to death. I reached for a kerchief in which I had tied a watch and a gold ring and was about to give it to them, when one of the Gestapo men said: "put away that dirty handkerchief you dirty Jewess!"
I was ordered to bend over a chair. An instant later, the red-headed husky stood over me with a rubber truncheon in his ham-like hands. I fell on my knees and bent my body over the chair and the German began to beat me. Suddenly, goaded by the unbearable pain, I turned and grabbed the rubber truncheon and actually wrested it from him as strength surged through my body from some inexplicable source. His anger rising to fever pitch, he pulled the truncheon out of my hands and began striking me with the handle.
Each blow was a knife-thrust. The pain was maddening and I screamed wildly. When he stopped to rest, I rose to my feet, seized my coat and ran to the door. Nobody made an effort to stop me. I ran past the older German who sat behind his desk and the Glass couple who huddled in the corner. I plunged for the door and emerged on the street. Outside, I ran the length of two blocks before stopping exhausted, gasping for breath. A curious calmness possessed me as I turned a grievous glance at the Gestapo building.
Approximately an hour later the Glass couple emerged from the Gestapo building. They walked slowly, barely able to raise their feet from the ground. Their faces were tear- stained as they held on to each other like two children lost in a storm. The old woman was in a bad way; I thought her end was near. The cart in which we had been riding, was waiting for us. We got in and continued our interrupted journey to Szczegowo. The Glass relatives were on hand to greet them. That night, the woman died of a heart attack.
Life in Szczegowo was a little less hectic than in Gombin, but this did not last long. Jewish refugees began arriving from various towns, from Mlawa, Gostynin and Sierpce. Living conditions became progressively worse. The Germans rationed our water for which we stood in long lines. But one was more secure here than at home and I began thinking about bringing the family. After several inquiries, I found a young Jew who undertook to do it for me. Lindenbaum by name, a dental technician by trade, he planned to go to Gombin to buy instruments. On his return, he promised to bring my mother, my brother Stan, his wife and the seven-month old boy.
Several days later Lindenbaum did in fact come back, but instead of my family, he brought us the dreadful news that Gombin Jewry was no more.
The end came in the following manner: on the 17th of April, the ghetto was surrounded by the Germans. Then they went in, gun and truncheon in hand. They beat those who were well and shot to death the sick. Among their first victim were Leizer Kot and Helena Zychlinska. My mother was seen heading toward the deportation point, dragging a parcel of clothes. She threw away the clothes, as they were heavy. A German began raining blows on her, ordering her to pick up the package. The cries of the people as they were being driven to the deportation point, rose to heaven.
The Gombin Jews were held for three days near a forest, without food or drink. The men were separated from the women and the women from the children; the young from the old. From Christians I found out later that mother succeeded in escaping from the clutches of the Germans and hiding with a peasant family. But some Poles informed on her and she was dragged out, beaten murderously and brought back to the group held near the forest. On the following day, the people were taken by trucks to their death. The road was soaked with blood. In this manner did the Jewish town of Gombin come to an end.
Conditions in Szczegowo grew daily worse. People were being seized in the streets and put to work; they were arrested and murdered. One of the first victims was Lindenbaum whom the Germans wounded, then buried alive. He was twenty two years old.
The terror increased. One day, the Germans put up fifteen gallows in the middle of the marketplace. They hanged fifteen Jews in the presence of the whole populace which had been forced to witness the gruesome ceremony. One of the victims, an instant before the noose tightened, cried: "Long live freedom! Death to the murderers!" The man's defiant cry died in his throat as the noose tightened. Blood-curdling sobs and shrieks filled the marketplace as the Germans rained blows on the people and the families of the fifteen victims who watched them dangling from ropes.
It was then I began seriously thinking about running away to the "Aryan" side. My hair which was black, I dyed blonde and left Szczegowo for a nearby village. The first peasant household where I inquired, had a bed for me. The peasant who knew I was Jewish, entrusted me with the task of teaching his children. I also worked out in the fields and learned how to milk a cow. During my leisure time, I studied by myself, in privacy.
At the time, the Germans issued a decree forbidding Jews from leaving the ghetto under the penalty of death. On my part, I made up my mind that my only chance of survival was to go to the "Aryan" side and assume the role of a Christian. I could not go on staying with the peasant, who knew I was Jewish.
I put on several summer dresses, made a parcel of the rest, and started out. I recalled being told by a Jewish inhabitant of Szczegowo that in the vicinity of Koszcebrodi, not far from Sierpc, the Poles were less antagonistic toward the Jews than elswehere.
I asked one final favor from the peasant: to take me part way to my destination in his cart. He complied, trembling from fear the whole of our journey. Arriving at the road, where I was to proceed on my own, he urged me to get off and quickly disappeared.
I remained alone in the middle of the road. What was one to do? where does one go? In the distance, across a vast field, I saw a spot which I judged to be a house. I started across the field, in the direction of the house, my spirits buoyed. Nearing the dwelling, I pushed open the door, went in and called out in a loud voice: "Jesus be praised!" I paused, waiting for a reaction to my words on the part of the peope in the room. Had they recognized my being Jewish? But apparently they did not recognize it because they replied: "Through all eternity, amen!"
I told them I was on way to a funeral in Joniec, but lacked a German permission; could they tell me how to get there without attracting attention? They obliged by showing me a path and I left in a good frame of mind, having passed my first "Aryan" test.
Out on the road again, I approached a peasant with a cart and told him I was sick and on the way to a doctor. Would he take me along? I did in fact look sick, my hands trembling. The peasant nodded assent and I got on. We rode until we reached a forest. I thanked the peasant for the ride and got off. I entered the forest. Dark began descending. The thought uppermost in my mind was: where would I spend the night?
I spied a little tumble-down shack among the trees, went towards it and knocked. A voice from the inside asked: "Who is there?"
I opened the door and said: "Jesus be praised!"
The people in the room came back with the refrain: "Through all eternity, amen!"
I told them I was on my way to a funeral. Would they allow me to spend the night? Their friendliness surprised me. They fed me and put me up for the night. In the morning, they assured me I could stay longer if I wished. But I thanked them and left. Later, I regretted, not having accepted their kind offer to stay.
I spent the day walking across many roads and paths. The shadows of evening began to descend. I picked out one of the sturdier dwellings, knocked on the door and went in, saying: "Jesus be praised!" I then asked for permission to spend the night. I was invited to join them at the evening meal. After we ate, I was asked to show my identification paper. I took out a paper, one I wrote myself and signed with my assumed Christian name. Later, I retired for the night, but at two in the morning, my hostess woke me and said I must get up and leave; they could not let me stay as they did not know who I was. She told me to go to the German police and ask for written permission to stay. But before going to the police, she suggested I stop to consult the village head.
A sickening fear gripped me. All now depended on how I would do in my role as a Christian.
My hosts took me to the village head and left. The man was friendly and tried putting me at my ease. My hosts, he said, suspected I was Jewish. I struck a pose of one maligned. But the village head, maintaining his friendly tone, suggested it was best for me to leave the village without delay.
The night was cold and pitch black. I started across meadows and fields, gazing up at the sky thick with clouds. Around me the stillness was that of a tomb. My eyes filled with tears of despondency. All hope was drained out of me. My legs could barely carry me. Suddenly I perceived a small light. Coming closer, I realized it was a little mud hut. I knocked, the door opened. In front of me stood a woman of about thirty, with a Jewish appearance. The hut, I saw, consisted of one room, with a table in the center, a couple of benches and an oven.
I told her half the truth that the rich peasants with whom I was spending the night, had become suspicious of me and the village head ordered me to leave.
The woman beard me out and startled me by saying I could spend the night in her place, in fact, I could stay as long as I wished. She told me she had a son of eight. Her husband, a chimney-sweeper, travelled around in surrounding villages, coming home on Sundays. She worked for others, supplementing their income. She showed me the hut and the little alcove, where she kept a pig.
I will never forget her warm, friendly tone. But I declined her invitation to stay. Her dwelling was too near the village where they suspected me of being Jewish. I rose at dawn and left quietly, without a sound, not wishing to wake the others.
After walking several kilometers, I came to a body of water, spanned by a frail-looking little wooden bridge that groaned and swayed underfoot. I was afraid to cross it. Out of nowhere there appeared a young Pole who offered to help me across. Judging by his tone of voice, he harbored no suspicion of me.
The brief encounter boosted my sagging spirits and gave me the courage to go on. My goal was the village of Yavorovo, where I hoped to get in touch with the Polish family, Soldanski. I had been given the name by a Jew in Szczegowo who told me the Soldanskis were friendly toward Jews. I inquired after these people and was told where to find them. When I arrived there, two families lived in the house.
I knocked on one of the doors. It was opened by a young Pole. I greeted him in a calm tone of voice. I told him a fictitious tale about my family having been deported by the Germans to perform slave labor, while I escaped and was now seeking a place to stay for the time being. He asked me to come in. Inside, I met three of his younger brothers. I gathered from their conversation that they were five brothers, all living under this roof. Their parents were dead. The oldest brother, who came home several hours later, was not averse to helping out a Polish woman who managed to escape the German clutches. On the contrary, he deemed it a patriotic act. He volunteerd to provide me with false identification papers; as one who escaped German slave labor, I could not use mine.
The other half of the house was occupied by their uncle, his wife and two daughters, one seventeen-year old, the other - seven.
I concluded it would be a good idea to make myself useful to both families. As soon as I became part of the household, I began thinking about my brother.
This much I knew about my brother's circumstances: he was hiding in a peasant's hut in a village. I had his address and wrote him a letter. This was the first instance when he was provided with evidence that I was still among the living. Subsequently, all our ordeals notwithstanding, we maintained contact with each other through letters. We realized that we were the family's only survivors, that we were fate's play things. The letters we wrote to each others gave us courage and the will to survive.
My first few days in the Soldanski household passed without incident. It occurred to me that my life was entering a period of relative security; I might, in my new guise as a Christian, survive the Nazi deluge. But fate willed it otherwise.
Of the five Soldanski brothers, the oldest displayed the most kindness, while the youngest proved the most hostile. He began arousing his brothers against me, warning them of the terrible consequences owing to the fact that I did not possess the proper papers. The situation became so aggravated, the oldest one took me to a cousin of his who was reputed to be a communist. But it became immediately apparent, during our conversation, that the communist was at the same time a vicious anti-Semite. "The only positive thing the Germans are doing," he said, "is killing Jews." I did not remain there very long. The host told me to take my things and leave.
It was the middle of winter. Outside the house, the snow lay thick on the ground. Where was I to go? A young Pole - he was the peasant's son - took pity on me and told me of a family living nearby that needed a servant-girl. He showed me in what direction to go and left. Barely dragging my feet in the snow, I managed to make it to the hut, gasping for breath. I knocked on the door and when a woman opened it, told her I heard she needed help. She led me inside a large kitchen and told me to wait. She left and came back fifteen minutes later to inform me I could stay for the duration of the cold weather. On the following morning, I began doing my chores. I milked the cow, knitted sweaters and helped in the kitchen. Three weeks passed without incident or suspicion. But one Sunday, a friend of the household, a Pole named Tobtshinsky, came to call. This man, whom the Germans appointed manager of the dairy, did not take his eyes off me. After he'd had his fill of staring, he took aside my hosts and talked to them in whispers.
His visit sealed my fate. Several days later, the woman of the house informed me that I could not remain any longer; the neighbors were suspicious of me. However, she did not let me go empty-handed, giving me an address of a family that was seeking a teacher for their children. But in the new place, too, I remained a short time, the woman of the house telling me I must leave as a German search was in the offing.
I went back to the house of the Soldanski brothers and sought the eldest one's advice. What was I to do? During my absence, a Jew from the Szczegowo ghetto had come to the house and asked for me, unwittingly betraying me.
Soldanski led me out on the road and pointed to a house in the distance whose owners were always in need of help. The woman of the house hired me without any preliminaries. I worked very hard. I carted heavy buckets of water from the well, did the laundry and washed the floors. I fed the pigs and during my leisure time, knitted sweaters. The work exhausted me and I slept poorly. But here, too, my employment was brought to a sudden end by circumstances beyond my control. One day, returning from the shed where I milked the cow, I heard unfamiliar voices in the room, I stopped to listen. They were talking about me. My hands, they were saying, were very delicate; how come I never complained of the hard work? I must be Jewish, they concluded, with no other alternative.
I packed my few belongings and left. After covering a sizable stretch of road, I stopped near a house and knocked; they opened the door and shut it in my face. I had no more luck in the next house. I went back to the road. In the distance, a forest cast its vast shadow. I started walking again, letting my feet carry me across the desolated fields and meadows and I began thinking, for the first time, of suicide. I had not the strength to carry on the struggle; I was wrung out, physically and spiritually. I entered the forest and began seeking a stout branch from which to hang myself.
I removed the belt from my nightgown, plunging deeper into the forest. The prickly shrubs and twigs tore at my skin and drew blood, but I did not feel any pain. An inner compulsion drove me on, until I stumbled against a fallen tree and sat down. My feverish brain played tricks on me: I was surrounded by hostile peasants, by Gestapo men, by bloodhounds. I must get up and run. I closed my eyes but could not shut out the images of my pursuers, tormentors; they were gaining on me, coming closer and closer. My pulse beat wildly, my temples hurt. "You must be going out of your mind -" I said to myself. Suddenly I perceived my mother's face and heard her gentle but urgent voice: "No matter what happens to us, you must live... This is my last wish -"
I sat on the fallen tree for hours, unmoving, as though I'd turned to stone. Night spread a thick mantle over the forest. I possessed neither the strength to live or to die.
I don't know whether I slept or not, but when I opened my eyes, shafts of light stabbed at the damp ground near me. I raised my eyes and saw rays of the sun penetrating the thick foliage. It was morning. The birds were singing. The world was stirring, alive. I took out my little mirror and gazed at my own image. What I saw, shocked me. I did not recognize myself. My eyes were sunken deep in the caverns of my sockets; my face was pale, bloodless.
An urge to live seized hold of me. "You must live -" my mother whispered. I rose with great effort. My legs were stiff and I rubbed them furiously to restore the circulation of the blood. I seized hold of a tree to keep from falling. My eyes were filled with tears, but I felt a reawakened desire to live. I combed my hair, put on lipstick, pinched my cheeks to put the flush of life into them and started out of the forest.
After walking a short distance, I spied a house and knocked on the door. "Jesus be praised!" I said, when the door opened. I was invited inside and treated to a large bowl of food. Eating my fill, I thanked my hosts and left.
I walked a long time until exhaution overwhelmed me. I saw a trim little white house and started toward it. What made me feel salvation was there I don't know. Was it fate? An accident? But there, in that trim little house, I found what I was seeking. The wonderful people who lived there, took me in and gave me shelter.
I will not take up space here to describe my stay with the Polish family Ostrowski.
Pan Ostrowski
He saved my life!
During my stay with them, I was surrounded by warmth and friendship. Nobody in the family knew that I was Jewish, until the day the Russian patrols first entered the village and I revealed the secret to my hosts.
After the liberation of the village, I decided not to put off returning to Gombin. In our letters, my brother and I vowed to go back to Gombin, soon as the war ended, and wait for each other in my parents' house. Pan Ostrovski tried persuading me not to go; the highways were clogged with military vehicles and unsafe for a young woman. But I was very eager and found it impossible to put off. Old Pan Ostrovski escorted me to the highway and helped me get on a Russian military truck that was heading in the direction of Gombin.
The trip took several days. NightsI slept in villages. We passed through Sierpce and Mlawa. When the truck came near Gombin, I asked the driver to stop at the outskirts and let me off.
I was determined to make it the rest of the way on foot. It was a cold January day. All that I saw was familiar, part of my childhood and recent past: the woods, the meadows surrounding the town, the paths. A lump in my throat, I gazed through tear-filled eyes at the dwellings, my town. I walked slowly, hoping to arrive at the house at twilight, one thought alive in my mind to the exclusion of all else: was he alive? Was my brother there, waiting for me?
Entering Gombin proper, I lowered my head to avoid being recognized. It was evening. The streets were empty. My legs, as though posessing a will of their own, carried me nearer our courtyard. Reaching our house, I stopped and raised my eyes. The house looked neglected and empty. A door opened in a nearby house and a woman came out. She gazed at me and smiled in recognition. "Our Miss is back," she said, embracing me. "Quick, go inside the house, your brother is waiting!"
I plunged for our door and opened it. On the other side stood my brother, waiting for me...
Names Mentioned in the Testimony:
Bressler | Zalmen | |
Frenkel | A teacher | |
Glass | An elderly couple from Gombin | |
Greenbaum | Rosa | |
Greenbaum | Albert | Brother of Rosa |
Greenbaum | Yankev Leib | Father of Rosa |
Greenbaum | Stan | Brother of Rose |
Greenbaum | Izho | Baby of Stan and Helene |
Greenbaum née Ryster | Hena | Mother fo Rosa |
Greenbaum née Zajac | Helene | Wife of Stan |
Kerber | Zalman | - |
Klinger | Yankl | - |
Kot | Leizer | - |
Lindenbaum | - | From Szczegowo |
Luszinski | Sala | - |
Ostrowski | Jan | A Pole who saved Rosa's life |
Rosen | - | - |
Rosenberg | - | - |
Tiber | Family | - |
Tiber | Yankl | - |
Zychlinska | Helena | - |
The Encyclopedia of the Righteous Among the Nations, Rescuers of Jews during the Holocaust, Poland
Editor-in-Chief: Israel Gutman
Associate Editor: Sara Bender
Yad Vashem, Jerusalem 2004
Pages 570-571
Ostrowski, Witold
Ostrowska, Boleslawa
Soldanski, Jan
Grabarek, Helena
In March 1942, a short time before the liquidation of the Gąbin ghetto in the Warsaw district, Rosa Grynbaum and her brother Albert escaped from the ghetto. After considerable wandering throughout the countryside, they arrived in the village of Kocewo in Biezun county, Warsaw district. There they appealed for help to Jan Soldanski, a past acquaintance of their parents. Disregarding the danger to his life, Soldanski hid the two Jewish fugitives in his home and provided them with all their needs, out of a sense of moral obligation stemming from his religious faith. Grynbaum and her brother remained under Soldanski's protection until July 1943. However, because of the neighbors' suspicions, he was forced to move Rosa Grynbaum to the home of Witold and Boleslawa Ostrowski, good friends who owned a farm in the nearby village of Budy Piaseczne. She remained there until the Red Army liberated the area in January 1945. In the home of the Ostrowskis, she was treated with kindness and devotion in her time of terrible need and they neither asked for nor received anything in return. Albert Grynbaum hid in the home of Helena Grabarek, who lived in the village of Niedzieliska in nearby Lowicz county, where he remained until January 1945. After the war, Rosa and Albert Grynbaum immigrated to the United States and in 1987 Rosa visited Poland and met with her benefactors.
On March 9, 1994, Yad Vashem recognized Boleslawa Ostrowska, her husband, Witold Ostrowski, and Jan Soldanski as Righteous Among the Nations.
On March 13, 2000, Yad Vashem recognized Helena Grabarek as Righteous Among the Nations.
Albert Greenbaum (a Brother): Saved by a Peasant Family
The Yizkor Book of Gombin - List of Contents
The Righteous Among the Nations
Last updated May 4th, 2006


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KANSAS CITY, Mo. – The world is in the grips of the worst pandemic in more than a century, the country is going through the kind of social upheaval unseen in decades, and the vast majority of people would prefer 2020 just grind to an end.
Patrick Mahomes might be having the best year of anyone.
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The Chiefs quarterback began it by leading the franchise to its first Super Bowl championship in 50 years, a game in which he cemented his status as the league's premier quarterback by rallying his team past the San Francisco 49ers in the second half and earning the MVP award on a warm February night in Miami.
Mahomes proceeded to sign a record-setting 10-year contract extension that could pay him nearly a half-billion dollars, yet managed to structure it so that the Chiefs could continue to afford talent around him. He used some of that money to buy a piece of the Kansas City Royals, allowing the son of former major league pitcher Pat Mahomes to fulfill a baseball itch and simultaneously endear himself to his adopted hometown on a whole new level.
He played in the celeb-studded American Century Championship, finishing in a respectable tie for 38th in Lake Tahoe. His social media following has grown exponentially. He's become the face of the NFL after just two full years as a starter.
"It's been a crazy time for sure," Mahomes said in a wide-ranging interview with The Associated Press. "The pandemic and the movements across our country — it's been different. We won the Super Bowl. That was awesome. The parade and everything, and then the world changed. You're able to step back and think about a lot of different stuff, and then go out there and try to be the best person you can be every single day."
That isn't just hyperbole. And make no mistake: The year hasn't just been one long party.
As the new player representative for the Chiefs, Mahomes had a major voice in negotiations between the NFL and its players' union on return-to-play protocols. He has expressed his support for the Black Lives Matter movement, and along with Chiefs safety Tyrann Mathieu, he has spearheaded a voter registration effort in Kansas City.
"I think the whole point of 2020 is you never know what's going to happen the next day," Mahomes said. "You try to do your part to make the world a better place. It's a different time in the world. You have to talk about these things."
All of which makes the confines of Arrowhead Stadium a sanctuary these days.
The Chiefs are entering the meat of training camp, with veterans joining the rookies and full-contact padded practices about a week away. The moment Mahomes walks through the doors — and gets his temperature checked and picks up his tracking device and all the other things that football in the age of COVID-19 entails — he can be just one of the guys for a couple of hours.
He can joke with his wide receivers. He can throw behind-the-back passes to offensive linemen. He can throw out the most audacious suggestions for coach Andy Reid, who quite often turns those thoughts into equally audacious plays.
"He brings a different energy, a different style to the game that even I was a little more accustomed to, just going out and playing ball in the backyard-type football," said Chiefs tight end Travis Kelce, one of Mahomes' best friends on the team. "I think it's a fun time to be a Kansas City Chief and it's because 15 is in the building, for sure."
Not just be a Kansas City Chief, but be a fan of the Kansas City Chiefs.
"It's exciting to know that he's going to be here forever," Chiefs offensive lineman Mitchell Schwartz said. "Obviously, the Royals ownership stake just cements him more into the city. There's a pretty special connection."
Mahomes is not exactly a reluctant superstar. He bought a Ferrari 812 Superfast, which has a starting list price of about $350,000. He spent the summer months embracing the boating life with his longtime girlfriend, Brittany Matthews.
He hasn't let all the trappings go to his head, though. He grew up around professional athletes, often trailing his dad into major league clubhouses. His down-to-earth parents have made it a point to keep their high-flying son grounded, as if his very nature would allow Mahomes to think he's better than anyone else.
"You know how he's wired," said Reid, who couldn't help but grin when asked about the Royals purchase. "He loves baseball, so it's a match. I joked with him that he can't play and do both, but he can be part-owner of one and play the other."
Now that training camp has begun, Mahomes insisted that his focus is squarely on football. Even with a pair of starters opting out in running back Damien Williams and offensive lineman Laurent Duvernay-Tardif, the Chiefs return 18 of 22 who started during their Super Bowl run, and expectations are high for a repeat — or three-peat, or four-peat, or five-peat.
Tyreek Hill and several other players have made such a run of championships their goal this offseason.
Mahomes is the unquestionable linchpin for the Chiefs becoming a Patriots-like dynasty
"Obviously winning the Super Bowl and how fun it was, the adversity and overcoming, we're trying to have that same mentality. We understand it's going to be hard," Mahomes said. "I think the biggest thing is just starting over. You start with a blank slate. You go through the process of being the best quarterback you can be every day. You accept the challenges."
Then you get back to work.
More AP NFL: https://apnews.com/NFL and https://twitter.com/AP_NFL


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Remodeling work that requires any structural change, electrical or plumbing work requires a permit. Permits can be obtained through the Building Safety Department. Each sub-contractor must be registered with the City and they must obtain their own permits. All required inspections need to be completed and are included in the permit fee.
Show All Answers
View a list of monthly building permits issued.
Building permit fees are found in the City's Fee Schedule.
Non-Residential Buildings - All non-residential buildings require a building permit.Residential Buildings - One & two-family dwellings and townhouses one-story detached accessory structures that are 200 square feet or less used as tools and storage sheds, playhouses, and similar uses do not require a building permit. A building permit is required for accessory buildings that are more than 200 square feet or two stories.All accessory buildings, including those that do not require a building permit, must meet the zoning ordinance requirements including but not limited to setbacks, height, and lot coverage.
Yes. A permit must be obtained before holding a garage sale. Garage sales may last for a period of three consecutive days and can only be held two times per calendar year at any one address. Garage sale signs must not be posted on any sign, pole, tree, utility post, or in any street medians. View the Garage Sale Application.
Commercial Buildings - All commercial buildings require a building permit to re-roof. Commercial projects that include the removal of roof insulation must replace the insulation with thicknesses that meet the current energy code. An energy code calculation is typically required and generally results in an increase in insulation thickness.
Residential Buildings - One & two-family dwellings do not require a permit to replace shingles only. Permits are required for re-roofing projects that include the repair or replacement of roof decking, or structural members like rafters or trusses.
What is the code on decking? Decking is per 2018 IRC Section R803 and Table R503.2.1.1(1) Is drip edge required? Yes, if replacing decking per 2018 IRC Section R905.2.8.5 Ventilation requirements?Per 2018 IRC Section 806
All re-roofing projects, including those that do not require a building permit, must meet code provisions. Flashings and drip edges are required. Shingles must be completely removed before the installation of new shingles. Underlayment must also be replaced when re-shingling a roof.
The city does not require roof sheathing to be replaced if it is still in good condition. The 2018 International Residential Code (IRC) adopted by the City of Mansfield requires roof sheathing to meet Section R803 and Table R503.2.1.1(1). In addition Section R905 of the IRC requires asphalt shingles to be applied in accordance with the applicable provisions of the code and the manufacturer's installation instructions.
The 2018 International Swimming Pool and Spa Code Chapter 3 Section 305 outlines the pool barrier requirements.
No, the City of Mansfield does not inspect homes to tell you what is wrong with your home. Independent inspectors can be hired to do these types of troubleshooting inspections.
If you are planning to do any digging, you must call Texas 811, at least two working days, before you dig to arrange for utility companies to mark buried utility lines in your yard.
When looking for a contractor, find out how long the contractor has been in business in the area and check references. Contact the Better Business Bureau to see if complaints have been registered against the company. The City of Mansfield cannot recommend contractors.
To request an inspection complete the Online Inspections Request. Inspection requests submitted by 5 p.m. will be inspected the following business day.
To cancel a scheduled inspection complete the Online Inspection Cancellations Request. Inspection cancellations must be requested prior to 8 a.m. the day of the scheduled inspection.
Link: https://www.mansfieldtexas.gov/1221/Building-Safety-Inspection-Request-and-Cancellation
Yes, you must contact the Fire Department Fire Marshal's Office to request and schedule a fire inspection prior to obtaining a Certificate of Occupancy. The Certificate of Occupancy will not be issued until this inspection has been completed. You can request the fire department inspection online at https://www.mansfieldtexas.gov/FormCenter/Fire-Department-7/Fire-Department-Inspection-Request-52 if you have questions you can contact them at 817-276-4790.
In accordance with City Ordinance Chapter 50.50 and 50.60 waste haulers are required to have a franchise or license to operate within the City of Mansfield. Currently, only Frontier Waste is franchised as an operator. To set up service for your business, or to arrange a temporary roll-off container for a construction project, please contact Frontier Waste at 817-961-1125.
A building setback is a zoning term for the distance required from nearest point of wall of structure to a property line. The City Zoning Ordinance does not allow any structure to be built in the building setback (driveways and similar items are excluded). Contact Planning and Zoning department question about zoning setbacks.


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In hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), blood returning from the lungs must flow through an opening between the right and left side of the heart. The right ventricle pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery. Blood reaches the aorta through a patent ductus arteriosus.
Your child has a defect in the heart called a hypoplastic ventricle. This means that 1 of the ventricles is either too small or absent. The most common treatment is heart surgery. It is often done in 3 stages. The surgery does not fully repair the heart problem. But it can relieve symptoms. And it can increase your child's chances to live a more normal life. This sheet helps you understand the surgery that is done during stage III of treatment. Your child's healthcare provider can tell you more as needed.
Stage I. Make the single working ventricle the main pumping chamber of the heart and provide stable blood flow to the lungs. This will provide blood to both the lungs and the body.
Stage II. Decrease the workload of the single ventricle. This reduces the mixing of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood.
Stage III. Separate the circulation of blood in the heart. This is so very little oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood mix.
Risks and possible complications include:
Abnormal heart rhythm
Problems in the lungs
Problems with the nervous system, such as seizures or stroke
Abnormal buildup of fluid around the heart or lungs
This surgery is done when your child is 2 to 4 years old. Your child may stay in the hospital for 1 to 2 weeks. This part of the surgery is done to separate the circulation of blood in the heart. This is so oxygen-poor blood does not mix with oxygen-rich blood in the single ventricle. The surgeon will do one of these 2 repairs:
Intracardiac Fontan. The inferior vena cava (IVC) is a large blood vessel. It brings oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium. A tube is built within the right atrium to make a baffle (tunnel). This is so that blood flows from the IVC directly to the pulmonary artery. This sends blood straight to the lungs to get oxygen. Sometimes, a small hole is left in the tunnel (fenestration). This hole acts like a pop-off valve, preventing pressure from building up in the lungs too much after surgery.
Extracardiac Fontan. The IVC is sewn into a tube that is put outside the heart. The tube goes straight to the pulmonary artery. This lets oxygen-poor blood flow straight to the lungs to get oxygen. A fenestration may also be used in this case.
Call your child's healthcare provider right away if any of the following occur:
More redness, draining, swelling, or bleeding at the incision site
Fever 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, or as advised by your provider
Trouble feeding, poor appetite, or not gaining weight
Belly pain
Cough that won't go away
Nausea or vomiting that continue
Your child doesn't seem to be getting better
Cyanosis that gets worse
Call 911 right away if any of these occur:
Trouble breathing or breathing fast
Irregular heartbeat


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Ebenezer Rockwood Hoar
Ebenezer Rockwood Hoar served as attorney general of the United States from 1869 to 1870 under President ULYSSES S. GRANT.
Hoar was born February 21, 1816, in Concord, Massachusetts. His grandfather, Captain Samuel Hoar, was a Revolutionary War hero. His father, Samuel Hoar, Jr., was a Harvard graduate, a Massachusetts state senator, a U.S. representative—and a lifelong activist in partisan politics. Hoar's father was affiliated with the FEDERALIST PARTY until it disappeared after the WAR OF 1812, was associated with the WHIG PARTY in the 1830s, was an organizer of the Massachusetts Free-Soil party in the 1840s, and joined the REPUBLICAN PARTY toward the end of his life.
Hoar's educational path, professional career, and political interests closely mirrored those of his father. Hoar graduated from Harvard College in 1835 and from Harvard Law School in 1839. He was admitted to the bar in 1840 and he practiced law in Concord and Boston. His father's legal and political connections allowed him to try cases with leading attorneys of his day, including RUFUS CHOATE and DANIEL WEBSTER.
Like his father, Hoar began his political career at the state level. In the early 1840s, he was elected to the Massachusetts state senate. His chance remark that he would rather be a Conscience Whig than a Cotton Whig gave the former name to the antislavery arm of the Whig party. By 1848, he was working with his father to organize the Free-Soil party in Massachusetts. This party emerged in the late 1840s to oppose the extension of SLAVERY in newly acquired western territories and to curb the resulting legislative and electoral power that expansion would bring to southern cotton and tobacco interests.
From 1849 to 1855 Hoar served as a judge of the Massachusetts Court of Common Pleas. In 1859 he was named to the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts. During his early years on the bench, Hoar took a special interest in the skills of the young lawyers who appeared before him. He was known to write to them—or their mentors—critiquing their courtroom appearances. After hearing OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES, JR., for the first time, Hoar wrote to Holmes's father, telling him that Holmes "made a very creditable appearance." Hoar also noted that the young Holmes's argument in the case at hand had been "a little savoring of experimental philosophy."
In March 1869, Hoar was named attorney general of the United States by President Grant. Hoar was popular with the public and thoroughly qualified to serve but he was also independent and outspoken. As attorney general, he severely alienated patronage-seeking senators when he insisted on filling nine new circuit judgeships with competent judges rather than using the positions as opportunities for political paybacks.
When a vacancy on the U.S. Supreme Court occurred shortly after Hoar became attorney general, President Grant offered him the seat. Hoar's formal nomination in December 1869 drew expected opposition from the Senate. Citing Hoar's effort to eliminate government patronage, as well as his opposition to the IMPEACHMENT of President ANDREW JOHNSON, conservative Republican senators were especially vocal in their disapproval.
When a second vacancy on the High Court opened while Hoar's nomination was pending, the Senate moved quickly to see that President Grant named a candidate for that vacancy who was more to their liking. Their choice was the late president Abraham Lincoln's secretary of war, EDWIN M. STANTON. In exchange for Grant's nomination and support of Stanton, the Senate agreed to confirm Hoar.
The Senate pushed ahead on Stanton's nomination, confirming him in less than four hours, but Stanton never took his seat on the Court. Just four days after his confirmation, he suffered a fatal heart attack. Meanwhile, the Senate continued to debate Hoar's suitability for the position. "[R]egarding a dead Justice of its choosing to be an insufficient half of a bargain," it rejected Hoar by a vote of 33–24 on February 3, 1870.
The battle between President Grant and the Senate over Hoar's Supreme Court nomination remained a source of antagonism even after the vote. To end the fight and to cultivate Senate support for his other programs, Grant dismissed Hoar as attorney general in July 1870.
Hoar understood the political reasons for Grant's decision and he maintained a cordial relationship with the president. For his part, Grant remembered both Hoar's legal skills and his allegiance. Grant called on Hoar again in 1871 to serve on a joint commission to negotiate the treaty of ARBITRATION that eventually settled the United States' Alabama claims against Great Britain.
Following the Civil War, relations between the United States and Great Britain were jeopardized by U.S. claims that England should pay for damages done during the war by the Alabama and other Confederate ships—which had been accorded belligerency status by Great Britain. (In INTERNATIONAL LAW, belligerency refers to the status of de facto statehood attributed to a body of insurgents, by which their hostilities are legalized). Hoar served as the Grant administration's liaison with senators who urged a hard-line approach to settling the claims. He was influential in convincing Grant to deny belligerency status to insurgents in Cuba (as Britain had done to the Confederacy), because the action would weaken the U.S. bargaining position with England during the treaty negotiations.
Following his work on the treaty, Hoar returned to his home in Massachusetts. As a Republican candidate, he sought and won a seat in the U.S. House, which he subsequently held from December 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875. His brother, George Frisbie Hoar, was serving as a representative from Massachusetts at the same time, having been elected in 1868.
After leaving office, Hoar continued to be active in local and national Republican politics until his death, on January 31, 1895, in Concord.
Additional topics
Law Library - American Law and Legal InformationFree Legal Encyclopedia: Health and Safety Commission (HSC) to Hypothetical Question


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FCI recently boosted its power solution offerings with the introduction of the High Power Card Edge (HPCE) Board-to-board (BTB) connectors, which provides more options for customers looking for high current density board-to-board connectivity. Specifically designed for applications requiring a high current density and low power loss, this two-piece solution delivers up to 200Amps/linear inch, a low contact resistance of just 0.6mΩ per contact, within a compact design of just 7.5mm in height. The power contacts and housings are made for AC and DC power distribution applications and are ideal for next generation 1U/2U servers, switches, storage enclosures, telecommunications equipment, industrial PCs, controls and instrumentation equipment. The connectors are produced in a wide variety of configurations to serve a variety of applications and the integrated guide features enable 'blind-mating' which facilitates easy connectivity and precise alignment. The connector also features a highly ventilated housing design which enhances heat dissipation. This is a crucial feature in server and data storage applications, as it helps avert overheating issues, and increases the reliability of the end equipment.
FCI Electronics


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Mara Swan
Executive Vice President, Global Strategy and Talent, ManpowerGroup
Mara Swan was appointed ManpowerGroup's Executive Vice President, Global Strategy and Talent, in January 2009. In February 2014, Swan assumed global brand leadership for the Right Management business. Swan joined the company as Senior Vice President, Global Human Resources in 2005 and has had a significant impact on talent development and shaping the business strategy.
A recognized expert in Human Resources, Swan is regularly featured as a speaker at high profile events, including the Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum in Davos, where she has provided council on women in leadership. In recognition of her success, she was named HR Executive of the Year for 2012 by Human Resource Executive magazine. Swan was also named one of Diversity Journal's "Women Worth Watching" in 2010 and a "Women of Influence" in the Milwaukee Business Journal in 2008.
A veteran of the human resources profession, Swan joined ManpowerGroup from the Molson Coors Brewing Company where she served as Chief People Officer for its global operations. Prior to her tenure with Molson Coors, she was Human Resources Manager for Miller Brewing Company.
Swan was elected to the National Academy of Human Resources (NAHR) National Class of 2012, is on the Executive Committee of the Personnel Roundtable and the HR Policy Association, where she currently leads the Association's Talent Sustainability Initiative. Swan is a member of the National Executive Board of the Human Capital Institute, the global association for talent management and new economy leadership, and is on the Board of the Boys & Girls Clubs of Greater Milwaukee, the Advisory Board of the Alverno College School of Business and the Board of GOJO Industries, Inc.
Swan holds a bachelor's degree in business administration from the University of Buffalo and a master's degree in industrial relations from the University of Minnesota.
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Margo Lanagan is an artist, and Tender Morsels is a potent story, rich in magic and full of feeling. Liga, with a babe in arms and another on the way – both forced on her in the most unpleasant ways you care to imagine – is rescued from her miserable life by an elemental creature, removed to her Heart's Desire: her personal heaven, a world that narrowly overlaps her real pre-industrial, vaguely-historical, sort-of-European one. The boundary is firm for a while and Liga raises her daughters in peace and safety, but eventually people start poking their way through – in both directions. What follows is a meditative, surprising, totally unique tale of self discovery, familial and romantic love, magic, fear, and growing up. It's slow paced and knotted with complex, beautiful language. It's brilliant and mature and devastating, but uplifting at the same time. Tender Morsels is based on the fairy tale Snow White and Rose Red. It fills in the bones of that story, adding motivation to the characters and a reason to the movements of the plot, which always bends to fit the whims of the magic, and never the other way around.
"You are a living creature, born to make a real life, however it cracks your heart."
This book isn't for everyone: the plot hinges on violence and sexual abuse, so those who are uncomfortable with those topics will be unhappy with this book. It's written for a teenage audience, but the complexity of the writing and some mature content mean that it's better suited for older teens or adults who read YA.
Some more novels based on fairy tales:
- Spindle's End by Robin McKinley: based on Sleeping Beauty
- A Curse Dark as Gold by Elizabeth Bunce: based on Rumpelstiltskin
- Zel by Donna Jo Napoli: based on Rapunzel
- East by Edith Pattou: based on East of the Sun and West of the Moon


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This past week marks a sad period for thousands of Americans who were stunned by the sudden passing of Osama bin Laden at the youthful age of 54. Known by many simply by his first name – much like Cher or Madonna – the tall, tanned and lean charismatic leader of the terrorist organization Al Qaeda was admired by millions of fanatical male followers throughout the Arab world whose primary life ambitions involved owning 72 virgins in the afterlife.
Bin Laden's sudden passing is also cause for sadness among many Americans as well. True, there are a few Americans (this writer included) who are thrilled to see the nefarious mastermind of the 9/11 attacks get his long overdue justice. But thousands of Americans are despondent over the news of his passing – for a variety of reasons.
Thousands of Fox TV viewers are deeply disheartened over the news of Osama's passing, in large part because it has spiked President Obama's popularity ratings to his highest level in over 18 months. In a surprise counter-programming move, Fox News will be showing back-to-back episodes of Sarah Palin's Alaska for the next three weeks while they determine what impact this news story has on the 2012 presidential election.
It is being reported that large numbers of Birthers from South Carolina to Mississippi are troubled and confused over news of the killing of Osama bin Laden. Having long argued that President Barack HUSSEIN Obama is a Kenyan-born Muslim and an Arab-appeasing terrorist sympathizer, they are struggling today to make sense of why our nation's Muslim-in-Chief would order the execution of one of his own. Others simply expressed indifference about the killing, commenting "What difference does it make who died, Obama or Osama? They're both Muslim terrorists."
Republican presidential hopefuls, who have long argued that Obama is far too inexperienced and weak on defense and national security, were deeply upset by the shocking news about the President's decisive action to take out Osama, as it now makes it extremely difficult for his critics to question his military leadership qualifications anymore. But Donald Trump expressed understandable skepticism over whether Osama had actually been caught and killed. He tweeted earlier today "bin Laden's dead? Really? Show me the certified long form death certificate. Till then, I won't believe any of this bulls**t."
Sarah Palin was appalled at Obama's "cut and run" decision to stop the killing at just Osama, commenting at a press briefing yesterday, "What about all the other Al Qaeda members still on the loose? We must not stop until we have killed every last Al Qaeda terrorist. We should start by nuking all of Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran. And while we're at it, we might as well wipe Yemen off the face of the map. I hear there are Muslims there too. Better safe than sorry."
Political pundits speculate that the news of Osama's death and the sudden spike in President Obama's popularity may have prompted some Republican candidates to pull out of the presidential race entirely, despite their denials to the contrary. Former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee today announced he will not run for president in 2012, citing scheduling conflicts with his rock band Capitol Offense's concert tour, saying, "We're booked for a two-week gig at the Roanoke DoubleTree Inn in October, 2012. I just can't fit it all in." Meanwhile, presidential hopeful Newt Gingrich said yesterday he would really like to run for president in 2012, but he has some major home improvements to take care of in the fall of 2012, quipping, "Clogged gutters don't just clean themselves, you know."
Senator John McCain (R-Arizona) issued a somewhat mystifying statement in which he said that if had he been elected president in 2008, "Obama would have been caught and killed by my fifth day on the job." When informed that Obama was actually his presidential opponent, McCain later clarified his statement to mean that he would simply have applied aggressive water boarding.
A Halliburton spokesman expressed grave sadness over the loss of bin Laden and the potential impact on military defense spending in the years to come. "To be honest, our P & L projections did not have bin Laden scheduled for termination until at least 2017. Needless to say, this surprise change of plans is not going to sit well with our shareholders, who were counting on major defense spending increases in the upcoming year.
Popular radio host Rush Limbaugh was irate over what he termed an outrageously reckless decision to take out bin Laden, pointing out that it will unleash a wave of terrorist retaliations from the remaining 17 Al Qaeda operatives still holed up in the caves of Afghanistan. "Clearly, President Obama hates America. His decision to take out Osama bin Laden will only fuel other America-haters the world over." He then went on to suggest that for our national security, all Muslim Americans should be put on a terrorist watch list and subjected to TSA pat downs, and perhaps full body cavity searches, when entering public places such as Starbucks, Wal-Mart's or their dentist office for their semi-annual cleaning.
A spokesman for the Neo-Nazi white supremacist group, Aryan Brotherhood, issued a brief statement of jubilation that Osama had finally been taken out – and then later issued a retraction, clarifying that they had misread the initial press reports and had thought Obama had been taken out. News of President Obama's continued survival was greeted by anger and outright sobbing among the Aryan Brotherhood's distraught members.
Despite all of the understandable sadness, anger and frustration over President Obama's arguably reckless, ill-timed decision to take out the popular Al Qaeda leader, a small minority of Americans, estimated to number roughly 307 million, have found reason for optimism, jubilation and pride in their President, their soldiers and their country on the news that Osama bin Laden's final hideout is estimated to be 20,000 leagues under the sea.
It now appears that the president's catapulting approval ratings have caused Donald Trump to re-focus his energy on getting Celebrity Apprentice renewed for another season in lieu of pursuing a presidential bid. I for one am deeply saddened at this latest development. I was rather looking forward to Trump's next press conference when it was anticipated he would announce to the world that he was the Navy Seal who killed Osama bin Laden – with his bare hands, as he yelled, "You're Fired".
That's the view from the bleachers. Perhaps I'm off base.
© Tim Jones, View from the Bleachers 2011


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Sony Vegas Movie Studio 13.0 Build 185/186 x86 x64 Multilingual
Create stunning videos that beg to be watched again and again. Add professional style and energy with transitions, titles, and video effects. Easily upload your finished movies on YouTube™ and Facebook™ without leaving the application. Capture your world and share it — with Movie Studio.
Video editing
Movie Studio is the first step in making beautiful movies. Personalize your videos with text animations, scrolling credits, and more. You can adjust your video to play in slow or fast motion, or you can reverse your video, as well as apply advanced effects like green screen and picture-in-picture!Add movie magic
Add flair to your movies with transitions and text tools. Access built-in dissolves and wipes to stylishly transition from one scene to another, or use the new Titles & Text plug-in to animate your text events. Make your words drop from above or shake like an earthquake. It's easy to make your movies shine.
Shoot for perfection
Easily restore dull, washed-out footage, apply brightness and contrast, stabilize shaky video, balance colors, and remove red-eye from photos. Movie Studio includes sophisticated image-restoration and color-correction tools for a variety of tasks.
Real-time effects
Studio software includes over 500 customizable transitions, filters, and effects to add a professional look to your movies. All of the video effects can be adjusted over time. You can even animate the effect, so it changes with every frame on the timeline.
Easily importing
Quickly import digital photos and video from a variety of digital devices, including HDV and AVCHD™ camcorders, smart phones, and DSLR cameras.
Audio tools
Movie Studio includes powerful audio tools that enable you to create movies that sound as good as they look. Use the software to create custom music soundtracks, remove unwanted noise from video footage, apply effects to a single audio event, use track envelopes to control audio volume and panning, record and edit live audio, and more!
Add music
Use your favorite song to create a soundtrack for your movie! Simply import music from CDs or MP3 audio files directly into the program and then drop them on the timeline.
Restore audio
Remove clicks, pops, and other unwanted noise from your music and audio clips to ensure the highest fidelity soundtrack for your video project.
Easy live recording
Record your own audio such as voiceovers, music, and narration to be included in your project. Movie Studio provides ten audio tracks, any of which can be used to record. You can also create different versions of your recording that you can later choose from to include in your project.
ACID loop support
For easy video scoring and audio mixing, Movie Studio includes Sony Sound Series Loops & Samples support. Sony Sound Series features royalty-free music and sound samples that contain special metadata which allows them to automatically match the existing project tempo and key.


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Figure Drawing 2.2020
Figure Drawing Open Session
Join us for an open life/figure drawing session. This is held on the 1st Sundays of the month at Art Works.
February 2, 2020
Time: 1 pm – 3 pm
The sessions will have a nude model and will be moderated by accomplished figure artist, Bruce Winsor.
Meet us in the Centre Gallery at Art Works. Park on the street or in the reserved spaces on the lot at Stockton and 5th (see signs RESERVED for ART WORKS). Please bring your own easels/drawing materials as needed.
The fee is $10 at the door.
Let's Draw!


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If you've ever had to organize a bunch of resistors, you'll know why [Anthony] created EESpeak. It's a voice-controlled component look up tool that calculates a component value by listening to you read out color code bands.
In his demo video of EESpeak, [Anthony] reads off the color bands of several resistors whilst the program dutifully calculates and displays the value. [Anthony] also included support for calculating the value of capacitors and inductors by speaking the color bands, as well as EIA-96 codes for SMD parts.
In addition to taking speech input and flashing a component value on the screen, EESpeak also has a text-to-speech function that will tell you what a component without ever having to look at your monitor.
Even though the text-to-speech function seems a little cumbersome – it takes much longer for a computer to speak a value than to display it on the screen – using voice recognition to calculate component values is an awesome idea. With an extremely limited vocabulary the computer has to understand, the error rate of EESpeak is probably very low.
You can check out [Anthony]'s demo video after the break, and of course download the app on his blog.


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As a food blogger, an important part of any holiday (and well, any occasion really) is good food. This was definitely the case during our recent stay at Uma Ubud, a stunning 5 star resort where the food philospohy is all about being healthy and not eating all that differently from what you would when at home. And that's a good thing too- there's nothing worse than coming home from holiday to realise that you may have relaxed a little too much while away!
Under the guidance of Como Resorts' Executive Chef Amanda Gale, Uma Ubud's restaurant Kemiri offers a menu that showcases the various cooking techniques of Southeast Asia utilising local and indigenous ingredients of Indonesia. I was also interested to learn that Amanda earned her apprenticeship at Neil Perry's Rockpool. Meaning 'candlenut' in Bahasa (candlenut is also a key ingredient in Indonesian cuisine), Kemiri's day-to-day operations are overseen by Executive Sous Chef Nyoman Rai who helps create delicious, healthy meals for guests from Uma Ubud's 29 rooms to enjoy at breakfast, lunch and dinner.
Breakfast at Uma Ubud was a great way to start the day. We would start with a fresh juice of the day, followed by either a plate of tropical fruit, fruit salad with yoghurt, or some cereal/muesli. Then we would order from the a la carte menu that included multiple vegetarian-friendly options, such as an egg-white tortilla (delicious!), omlette, or even a balinese take on french toast or ricotta hotcakes.
We also dined at Kemiri on our final evening in Ubud, which is the focus of this post as it was a very memorable meal. It was our final evening to soak up the beautiful atmosphere of the resort's tranquil surroundings by night and to reflect on our holiday there. And it is a beautiful restaurant (see more photos in previous post).. it is open and airy, situated next to a pond with a waterfall, and beautifully lit by candles as we arrive for dinner.
My apologies for the quality of the photos to come, readers! Romantic lighting makes food photography slightly tricky! :P
We start with some vegetable crackers and a paw paw salsa as we peruse the menu.
First, we start with a vegetable amuse-bouche packed with invigorating southeast asian flavours.
Mr Ladybird tucked into his Handmade egg noodles, Asian greens, mushrooms & garlic chives, soy & sesame.
We rarely order dessert, but as it was a special occasion we decided to treat ourselves to something sweet.. For me, the Warm chocolate & cinnamon fondant with Bedugul strawberries. I didn't get a shot of it, but the oozy innards were good. I'm not used to my fondant being quite so sweet, but it was enjoyable nonetheless.
For Mr Ladybird, one of his all-time favourite cakes ... Orange and almond cake with dates and sorbet. It was delectably moist and very moreish.
All in all, a true culinary highlight from our Balinese getaway. Thank you to the team at Kemiri for such a lovely evening.


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Friday Buzz: Coaching carousel spins
*At one point Mike McCoy was seen as the hottest head coaching candidate, and the frontrunner in both Arizona and Chicago. But both teams backed off of McCoy, who ended up Chargers head coach. What happened? Our sources say he did not interview as well as other candidates.
*Don't be surprised if the Patriots let Wes Welker walk when free agency rolls around. As much as they love and appreciate him they won't pay a premium to keep him. Bill Belichick has a system which is designed to have interchangeable parts at most positions. Said a former Patriots wide receiver: "He will just go find the next Wes Welker."
*We hear if Jon Gruden wanted to return to coaching, he could have had multiple jobs with total control and a seven year contract worth close to $10 million per year. Gruden would have considered coming back for the right job, but he didn't think it existed this year.
*A source says Browns honcho Joe Banner is involved in all aspects of the operation, including hiring assistant coaches and running the scouting department. That's one reason some coaches were leery of the head coaching vacancy in Cleveland.
*The reports that Howie Roseman was turning off head coaching candidates may have been driven by the fact that Roseman doesn't always play ball with some members of the media. The truth, according to a former Eagles employee? "Howie is a coaches' GM. He will get his head coach whatever he wants."
*One of the reasons Chip Kelly did not appeal to all teams is they questioned his ability to put together a top flight NFL coaching staff. He has spent most of his coaching career at New Hampshire and Oregon, and has not had a chance to build a big, impressive network of coaches he can trust.
*Rumor has it that if Bruce Arians had gotten the head coaching job with the Bears, he would have brought Ken Whisenhunt as his offensive coordinator and Russ Grimm as his offensive line coach. He probably had to change that sell job when he was talking to the Cardinals, however, as Whisenhunt and Grimm were part of the old regime.
*Reports of friction between Ben Roethlisberger and Todd Haley were overblown, and Haley is not unhappy about returning to the Steelers. In fact, he loves it there. And if Roethlisberger had not missed time with a pretty serious rib injury, he would have had outstanding numbers.
*New Chiefs special teams coach Dave Toub will be allowed to work with defensive linemen in practice, which he also did when he worked for Andy Reid in Philadelphia. That could diversify his resume and put him on a fast track for a head coaching job. John Harbaugh also was Reid's special teams coach before being allowed to work with defensive backs. A year after that, he became head coach of the Ravens.


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Saturday, February 14, 2009
Moon Masquerade at the Luna Hotel Baglioni
Start time: 18:30
Place: Luna Hotel Baglioni
Organizer: Baglioni Hotels
We are waiting for you at the Luna Hotel Baglioni to celebrate together the first weekend of the Venice Carnival !
The evening will start at 6.30 pm in the warm atmosphere of the Fireplace Room with our Welcome Cocktail: just in front of the warmlighted-on fireplace you will savour the typical Venetian Canapés while sipping exquisite Cocktails, created for you by our Chef Carlo.
During the cocktail you will be part of the most famous and romantic Italian Operas, performed in occasion of Valentine's day by top-level artists, prouded boast the stage of the most famous Italian and International Theatres as well as La Fenice Opera Theatre.
Starting from 8.00 pm we will escort you to the elegant ambience of the Marco Polo Ballroom, with original frescoes by the Pupils of the Tiepolo School, where our Chef will amaze you with a refined Carnival Buffet Dinner. The Marco Polo Ballroom is in fact the perfect setting to experience the real Carnival of Venice and you will have the chance to parade your Venetian Carnival costumes and traditional Masks!
We will make you dance till late with Dance Music of our Disk-Jockey: international covers, rock, group dances, music by '60s and '70s… At the end don't miss the exquisite typical Venetian desserts: frittelle and galani, prepared by our Chef Carlo.
A sparkling and exciting evening is waiting for you in the elegant ambience of our Luna Hotel Baglioni to celebrate in the most unforgettable way the Carnival of Venice!
Dress Code: Carnival Costume (Costume d'Epoque or Cloak with Mask)
Rate: 250,00 Euro per person (VAT and Wine from Canova Selection included)
Cancellation Policy: by 12.00 p.m. of 6th February 2009, with the whole rate as penalty.
Partecipation costs: Euro 250
The Ridotto
Start time: 20:30
Place: Palazzo Dandolo, Hotel Monaco & Gran Canal
Organizer: C.C.I.
In the halls of the Ridotto, the heart of the XVIII Century magnificent Carnival of Venice, a music theatre show about the life of the young Casanova with singers, dancers acrobats and a live orchestra in the unique costumes of the Atelier Tiepolo. After dinner historical group dances and waltzes directed by a Dance Master. Dress Code: costume.
Partecipation costs: Euro 450
Serenissima Gran Ball, Duets of Love, Homage to Romeo & Juliet, Gala Dinner & Entertainment
Start time: 21:00
Place: Papafava Palace, reachable by its water door and by Calle Racchetta, 3764 Canareggio, vaporetto n° 1 Ca' D'Oro station stop
Organizer: Incentive Harmony di Nicolas & Jeanne-Bénédicte Arnita
The Ball will be located in the authentic Venice, in a 14th century Palace, Palazzo Pesaro Papafava, with its precious gothic facade & its elegant quadriform gothic windows overlooking the canal of the Misericordia. The palace will be illuminated entirely with candlelights to create a memorable atmosphere.
21.00 Elegant cocktail Quartetto Barocco and Soprano.
21.45 Seated Gala Dinner wines included
23.00 Spectacle of Lovers: Love Duets celebrating the most famous lyric operas such as La Traviata, Il Barbiere di Siviglia, La Serva padrona, La Bohéme, ecc…
Midnight: modern music and dances (Paying Open Bar)
Dress Code: costume and mask
Cost: 270 € per person
Do not hesitate to consult us for the rent of costumes
Our Atelier will be under your disposal for costumes, masks and accessories.
The Palace is reachable by 5 minutes walk from Ca D'Oro vaporetto stop: Calle Racchetta, Cannaregio 3764. Reachable also by its water door (in front of the Church of the Misericordia).
For further informations, contact our office:
Tel: +39 041 5201855 +39 041 7793002, Fax: +39 041 52 85914, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, Web: www.incentiveharmony.com
Partecipation costs: Euro 270