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Cyber security
What you can do to protect your computer and your privacy
Hackers and new computer viruses seem to be in the news more frequently, along with regular warnings to update your virus protection and protect your privacy. The task of keeping your computer safe can seem overwhelming. So, what can you do to safeguard access to your computer and to protect yourself and your family from cyber intrusion?
Know the terminology
The first step is to recognize the risks and become familiar with some terminology. Hackers, attackers or intruders are terms applied to the people who seek to exploit weaknesses in software and computer systems for their own gain. Their actions can range from mischief (creating a virus with no intentionally negative impact) to malicious (stealing or altering information).
Malicious code includes code such as viruses, worms and Trojan horses. Although some people use these terms interchangeably, they have unique characteristics:
- Viruses — This type of malicious code requires you to actually do something before it infects your computer. This action could be opening an e-mail attachment or going to a particular Web page.
- Worms — Worms propagate without you doing anything. They typically start by exploiting a software vulnerability (a flaw that allows the software's intended security policy to be violated). Then once the victim computer has been infected, the worm will attempt to find and infect other computers. Similar to viruses, worms can propagate via e-mail, websites or network-based software. The automated self-propagation of worms distinguishes them from viruses.
- Trojan horses — A Trojan horse program is software that claims to do one thing while, in fact, doing something different behind the scenes. For example, a program that claims it will speed up your computer may actually be sending your confidential information to an intruder.
- Spyware — This sneaky software rides its way onto computers when you download screensavers, games, music and other applications. Spyware sends information about what you're doing on the Internet to a third-party, usually to target you with pop-up ads.
Minimize access to your information
As long as you have a computer and connect it to a network or the Internet, you are vulnerable to someone or something else remotely accessing or corrupting your information. Here are some tips to make it more difficult for someone to do this:
- Lock or log-off your computer when you are away from it. This prevents another person from then sitting down at your computer and accessing all of your information.
- To be really secure, disconnect your computer from the Internet when you aren't using it. The likelihood that attackers or viruses scanning the network for available computers will target your computer becomes much higher if your computer is always connected.
- Evaluate your security settings. Many, but not all Internet providers offer free security software. If you don't receive free software, you should consider buying a commercial product that includes virus scan, firewall and pop-up blockers. You should also be aware of your Internet cookies setting. Cookies are short pieces of data used by Web servers to identify users. Some cookies are useful for storing images and data from websites that you frequent, but others are malicious and collect information about you. You'll have to decide how much risk from cookies you can accept.
- Browsers enable you to block pop-up ads. You can also install anti-spyware to block them.
- Look for signals that you are using a secure web page. A secure site encrypts or scrambles personal information so it cannot be easily intercepted. Signals include a screen notice that says you are on a secure site, a closed lock or unbroken key in the bottom corner of your screen, or having the first letters of the Internet address you are viewing change from "http" to "https."
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New business school moving forward, thanks to alumni and Waco residents
Last summer, Paul Foster, BBA '79, and his wife, Alejandra, gave one of the largest gifts in Baylor history to support a new home for the Hankamer School of Business, the Paul L. Foster Campus for Business and Innovation. Preliminary groundwork is now underway where the facility will go up, at the intersection of 3rd Street and Bagby Avenue, near the McLane Student Life Center and the new East Village.
Over the past two months, five other large gifts have been announced that will also help support the business school's new home:
- A $1.5 million gift from Paul and Carol McClinton will name the McClinton Family Auditorium, a 350-seat room for guest lectures, special events and the school's largest classes.
- A $2.5 million gift from the Paul and Jane Meyer Family Foundation will establish the Paul and Jane Meyer Conference Center, providing space to host large events on topics shaping today's business landscape.
- A $1 million gift from Steve and Penny Carlile will create the Steve and Penny Carlile Plaza, an attractive outdoor space that will welcome students, faculty, alumni and friends to the Foster campus.
- A $1 million gift from Ed and Denise Crenshaw will support the Ed and Denise Crenshaw Student Commons, an open and flexible space that will be able to accommodate study groups, student-faculty meetings and collaboration, career fairs and other such events.
- A $1 million gift from the Carlton Family Foundation will create the Carlton Family Foundation Dean's Board Room, which will be located in the dean's office suite and provide meeting space for up to 40 people.
Momentum for the project continues to attract supporters for the $100 million, 275,000-square-foot Foster Campus for Business and Innovation, which will provide a new home for Baylor's Hankamer School of Business. An 18-month construction schedule is slated be completed in time for Fall 2015 classes.
Sic 'em, Baylor supporters!

subset: commoncrawl


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Geithner: Debt limit is at hand
WASHINGTON - The government will reach the $16.4 trillion debt limit Monday, Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner told congressional leaders Wednesday, adding a possibly dramatic wrinkle to negotiations aimed at averting the fiscal cliff.
WASHINGTON - The government will reach the $16.4 trillion debt limit Monday, Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner told congressional leaders Wednesday, adding a possibly dramatic wrinkle to negotiations aimed at averting the fiscal cliff.
The news came as President Obama and the Senate prepared to return to Washington on Thursday, and House Republican leaders conferred by phone Wednesday on strategy.
If no alternatives are adopted, Bush-era income tax rates will expire at the end of the year and $109 billion in automatic spending cuts will take effect Wednesday.
In his letter, Geithner said the Treasury "will shortly begin taking certain extraordinary measures authorized by law to temporarily postpone the date that the United States would otherwise default on its legal obligations."
These could include a temporary halt on payments on federal pensions and a temporary suspension of sales of special-purpose securities issued by the Treasury and often purchased by state governments.
It was unclear what impact this news would have on negotiations to avert the fiscal cliff, the term used to describe the combination of Bush-era tax cuts expiring and automatic spending cuts taking effect unless alternatives are adopted.
Geithner explained that the special measures "can create approximately $200 billion in headroom under the debt limit. Under normal circumstances, that amount of headroom would last approximately two months."
But, he said, "given the significant uncertainty that now exists with regard to unresolved tax and spending policies for 2013, it is not possible to predict the effective duration of these measures. At this time, the extent to which the upcoming tax filing season will be delayed as a result of these unresolved policy questions is also uncertain."
Last year, negotiations to extend the debt ceiling dragged on for eight months, damaging the economy and resulting in an embarrassing downgrade of the U.S. government's creditworthiness by the debt rating agency Standard & Poor's. Its competitor, Fitch Ratings, recently warned that it, too, would knock down the government's credit rating if there were no resolution soon on raising the debt ceiling, which amounts to allowing new borrowing in order to pay for past borrowing.
The Treasury Department is expected to have significantly less leeway this time, according to the Bipartisan Policy Center, a research center that estimated this month that $112 billion will be going out the door as income tax refunds in February alone.
Earlier Wednesday, House GOP leaders met and said afterward that they would wait for the Senate to act on legislation to avoid the fiscal cliff.
The Republican-controlled House passed a bill in August that would extend all the Bush-era tax cuts for one year. The House also approved legislation last week that is an alternative to the automatic spending cuts.
The Democratic-run Senate passed a measure this summer that would extend the tax cuts only for individuals who earn less than $200,000 a year and families that make less than $250,000.
In a statement after its meeting Wednesday, the House GOP leadership said: "The House has acted on two bills which collectively would avert the entire fiscal cliff if enacted. Those bills await action by the Senate. If the Senate will not approve and send them to the president to be signed into law in their current form, they must be amended and returned to the House," which would then decide what to do.
Reacting to the House Republicans, Adam Jentleson, a spokesman for Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D., Nev.), said the Senate had rejected the GOP's "tea party bills, and no further legislation can move through the Senate until Republicans drop their knee-jerk obstruction."


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D-Lib Magazine
In Print
The Internet Under Crisis Conditions: Learning from September 11, a workshop report, Computer Science and Telecommunications Board
"How the Internet does and can respond to a disaster is of great interest to relief agencies and other crisis responders, governments, national security entities, businesses, and the general public. To better understand exactly how the Internet [responded] to September 11th, the National Research Council's Computer Science and Telecommunications Board convened a workshop on March 5-6, 2002 in Washington, DC, organized by a small committee of Internet experts."
"The committee is currently preparing a short summary and synthesis report based on the workshop...The report will be available online on November 20, 2002 at 4 p.m." CSTB will mark the release of this report with a public seminar at 10:00 a.m. on November 21, 2002 at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C. If you would like to attend this event, please RSVP by November 18 to D.C. Drake (202.334.3967 or <[email protected]> ).
For further information, please see <http://www7.nationalacademies.org/cstb/project_crisisconditions.html>.
The Digital Library: A Biography, published by CLIR and DLF
"Digital libraries, once project based and largely autonomous efforts, are maturing. As individual programs have grown, each has developed its own personality, reflecting the circumstances of its creation and environment, and its leadership. A new report from the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) and the Digital Library Federation (DLF) draws on the results of a survey and case studies of DLF members to reveal how these influences have molded a range of organizational forms that we call the digital library."
For further information, please see <http://www.clir.org/pubs/press/2002_pub109_pr.html>.
Dimensions and Use of the Scholarly Information Environment: Introduction to a Data Set Assembled by the Digital Library Federation and Outsell, Inc., Amy Friedlander, Council on Library and Information Resources
"Users' expectations of libraries are changing as they find and obtain more information directly from the Web. To better understand how usage patterns are changing, the Digital Library Federation (DLF) and Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) commissioned Outsell, Inc., to conduct a large-scale study of undergraduates, graduate students, and faculty members from a wide range of academic institutions."
"This report includes 158 of the 659 data tables, a few summary observations, and a brief discussion of some possible implications of the findings. In addition to publishing this report, all 659 tables will be posted to the Web and CLIR will deposit the raw data tapes with the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR)."
For further information, please see <http://www.clir.org/pubs/abstract/pub110abst.html>.
ERCIM News, Special Theme: Semantic Web, October 2002, No. 51
Organized under the following four categories, the October 2002 issue of ERCIM News offers 42 articles discussing the special theme, the "Semantic Web":
For further information, please see <http://www.ercim.org/publication/Ercim_News/enw51/>.
New Publications from the Netherlands Digital Preservation Testbed
For further information, please see <http://www.digitaleduurzaamheid.nl/index.cfm?paginakeuze=185&categorie=2>.
Distance Education: Growth in Distance Education Programs and Implications for Federal Education Policy, Statement of Cornelia M. Ashby, Director, Education Workforce, and Income Security Issues. Testimony Before the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, U.S. Senate. GAO-02-1125T, United States General Accounting Office
The following has been excerpted directly from Ms. Ashby's statement.
"About 1 in every 13 postsecondary students enrolls in at least one distance education course, and the Department of Education estimates that the number of students involved in distance education has tripled in just 4 years. As the largest provider of financial aid to postsecondary students, the federal government has a considerable interest in distance education."
"My testimony will provide information on (1) the demographic characteristics of distance education students and the institutional characteristics of postsecondary schools that offer distance education; (2) federal student financial aid issues related to distance education; (3) the use of distance education at Minority Serving Institutions; and (4) the role of accrediting agencies in reviewing distance education programs. A major part of my testimony today is based on our analysis of data from the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS), an Education database covering more than 19 million postsecondary students."
"Overall, about 1.5 million out of 19 million postsecondary students took at least one distance education course in the 1999-2000 school year. These 1.5 million distance education students differ from other postsecondary students in a number of respects. Compared to other students, they tend to be older and are more likely to be employed full-time and attending school part-time. They also have higher incomes and are more likely to be married. Most students take distance education courses at public institutions, with more taking courses from two-year schools than from four-year schools. The Internet is the most common mode of delivery for providing distance education."
To access the full statement, please see <http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d021125t.pdf>.
Preparing for the Revolution: Information Technology and the Future of the Research University, Panel on the Impact of Information Technology on the Future of the Research University, Policy and Global Affairs, National Research Council. Published by The National Academies Press.
"Reflecting their broad interest in the health of America's research enterprise, the National Academies launched a study in early 2000 on the implications of information technology for the future of the nation's research universitya social institution of great importance to our economic strength, national security, and quality of life."
"The premise of this study was a simple one. Although the rapid evolution of digital technology will present numerous challenges and opportunities to the research university, there is a sense that many of the most significant issues are not well understood by academic administrators, faculty, and those who support or depend on the institution's activities."
The study had two major objectives:
For further information or to access the publication online, please see <http://www.nap.edu/catalog/10545.html>.
Point to Point
An Internet Index to the National Trust Sites and Monuments Record, Archaeology Data Service
"The National Trust Sites and Monuments Record (often referred to as the NTSMR) is a resource and repository for information on the Archaeology and historic landscapes within National Trust land. The Sites and Monuments Record includes not only a sophisticated computerised database but an extensive supporting archive."
"The ADS is now providing Internet access to an index of the complete SMR, providing details of some 36,000 archaeological sites, monuments and events associated with National Trust properties. The index includes details of site location, bibliographic references, status and reference numbers to aid research. Also, because the NTSMR is included in ArchSearch 2, it is possible to search the NTSMR independently, or to cross search the record with other important historic environment datasets."
For further information, please see <http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/collections/blurbs/328.cfm>.
Scholarly Electronic Publishing Bibliography, Version 45, by Charles W. Bailey, Jr., October 11, 2002
Developed and maintained by Charles W. Bailey, Jr., Assistant Dean for Systems, University Libraries, University of Houston, this selective periodical bibliography presents over 1,550 articles, books, electronic documents, and other sources and is focused on scholarly electronic publishing efforts on the Internet and other networks. Where available, Bailey provides links to sources listed in the bibliography.
Located at <http://info.lib.uh.edu/sepb/sepb.html>, the bibliography is available in HTML, PDF, and Microsoft Word formats.
Calls for Participation
2003 LITA National Forum: Putting Technology Into Practice, 1 October 2003, Norfolk, Virginia, USA. Call for Proposals. The deadline for submission is 21 December 2002.
"Providing effective service in libraries today is all about putting information technology into practice, to serve remote and on-site library users, search and manage collections, and create digital collections. The Forum Committee is particularly interested in presentations that highlight specific technology implementations in any type of library. Proposals on all aspects of library and information technology are welcome."
"Possible proposal topics include, but are not limited to:
"Presentations must have a technological focus and they must pertain to libraries and/or be of interest to librarians. Concurrent sessions are approximately 75 minutes in length."
"For the first time, Forum 2003 will also accept a limited number of poster session proposals. Presenters should indicate their interest in a poster session on their proposals."For additional information, please see <http://www.lita.org/forum03/propcall.html>.EUNIS 2003, 9th International Conference of European University Information Systems, Beyond the network: Innovative IT Services, 2 - 4 July 2003, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Call for Papers. The deadline for submission of abstracts is 1 January 2003.
"EUNIS 2003 is organised by the Informatiseringscentrum, which is the Central Computing Services of the Universiteit van Amsterdam, and the SURF Foundation. This will be the 9th in a series of conferences initiated in 1995, under the framework of the European University Information Systems Association (EUNIS, http://www.eunis.org)."
"EUNIS 2003 is a multidisciplinary conference that aims to provide managers, researchers, teachers and practitioners from academia, with a forum to report on and to discuss the latest developments, applications and impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on all aspects of university activities...The conference will provide a unique opportunity for dialogue and synergy between academics and professionals from ICT companies."
Papers should address one or more of the following topics:
For additional information, please see <http://www2.ic.uva.nl/eunis2003/>.
ICICTE 2003, 4th International Conference on Information Communication Technologies in Education, 3 - 5 July 2003, Samos Island, Greece. Call for Plenary Sessions Papers. The deadline for submission is 6 January 2003.
Hosted by the Research and Training Institute of the East Aegean (INEAG) and the University College of the Fraser Valley (UCFV, British Columbia, Canada), with the participation of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "the conference will provide a forum for education and training for practitioners in social, industrial and economic areas...Those attending ICTE Samos 2003 will leave with an excellent overview of current thinking and practices in applications of technology to education."
Thematic streams will include:
This is a call "for papers for plenary sessions examining the theoretical and practical applications of technology in education at all levels in both the public and private sectors."
For additional information, please see <http://www.ineag.gr/ICICTE/>.
LIDA 2003, WWW and information retrieval & WWW and libraries, 26 - 30 May 2003, Dubrovnik and Mljet, Croatia. Call for Papers, Workshops, Demonstrations and Posters. The deadline for submission is 10 January 2003.
LIDA aims to "address the changing and challenging environment for libraries and information systems and services in the digital world, with an emphasis on examining contemporary problems, advances and solutions...LIDA seeks to bring together researchers, practitioners, and developers in a forum for personal exchanges, discussions, and learning, made easier by being held in memorable locations...The course is oriented toward professionals and researchers in librarianship, information science, and informatics, as well as from other disciplines interested in this topic...In particular, the course will be useful for practicing librarians and information scientists, for students of library and information science, and for system administrators, system operators, web page managers, and related personnel in library and information systems."
Each year a different hot theme is addressed, divided in two parts; Research and Development and Applications and Practice as indicated below for 2003:
I. Research and Development: World Wide Web and Information Retrieval (IR)
"The Web is huge, highly diverse, for the most part poorly organized, hard to search, and more often than not overwhelming for a great majority of users. For these reasons, effective search and retrieval techniques are critical for use of the Web. Information retrieval (IR) has become an important, even integral, component of the Web. But the problems encountered are also an ongoing challenge for research, development and applications." Invited contributions cover the following and related topics:
II. Applications and Practice: World Wide Web and Libraries
"A great many libraries worldwide have entered the Web an even greater number is using the Web. Yet, libraries are building on their values, strengths, tradition, and trust to engage with the Web and enter into a new environment for themselves and their users. Among others, digital libraries are making available their collections and services in unique ways through the Web. The Web is providing libraries and librarians with opportunities to foster a significant library evolution in new directions, if not even a revolution. But challenges are significant as well." Invited are contributions covering the following and related topics:
For additional information, please see <http://knjiga.pedos.hr/lida/>.
CAIS/ACSI 2003, Bridging the Digital Divide: Equalizing Access to Information and Communication Technologies, 30 May - 1 June 2003, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Call for Papers. The deadline for submission is 15 January 2003.
"Information and communication technologies (ICTs) offer the promise of an information society in which virtually unlimited quantities of information are globally available. Realizing this vision of a global, decentralized, user-controlled medium poses many challenges, but among the most fundamental of these is the challenge of equitable access."
"Each paper to be presented at CAIS/ACSI 2003 will relate to at least one of the following areas:"
For additional information and submission details, please see <http://www.cais-acsi.ca/papers2003.htm>.
ELPUB 2003, 7th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, 25 - 28 June 2003, Guimarães, Portugal. Call for Papers. The deadline for submission of abstracts is 15 January 2003.
"The 7th ELPUB attempts to keep the tradition of the six previous international (annual) conferences on electronic publishing, which is to bring together researchers, lecturers, developers, industrials, businessmen, entrepreneurs, managers, users and all those interested on issues regarding electronic publishing in the most different contexts. These include human, cultural, economic, social, technological, legal, commercial and any other relevant aspect that such an exciting theme encompasses."
The conference welcomes authors on the following topics. However, this list is not meant to be exhaustive and submissions on any topic within the overall conference theme will be considered.
General Track
Technical Track
For additional information, please see <http://piano.dsi.uminho.pt/elpub2003/>.
IASSIST 2003, Strength in Numbers: Co-operating for a Better Tomorrow, International Association for Social Science Information Service and Technology, 27 - 30 May 2003, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Call for Papers. The deadline for submission is 24 January 2003.
"The IASSIST 2003 conference theme carries two important messages in today's world of data, whether quantitative or qualitative."
"One message is associated with the influence or power of data as evidence in scientific investigation or in policy making. 'Strength in numbers' in this context refers to the contribution of data in the formation of knowledge and policies defining our world. Access to and preservation of data are critical in the role of data in science and policy making. An important focus of this conference will be on the issues of data access and preservation."
"A second meaning associated with 'strength in numbers' is to express the importance of working together in collaboration. In this sense, the greater the number of people and organizations working together, the more that can be accomplished. Our sub-theme emphasizes channeling collaboration into building of a better future in social science data services and provides another theme for papers."
"The conference also presents opportunities to discuss the collaboration among data professionals and researchers in the metadata life cycle and on projects that have employed emerging standards for integrating data and documentation."
"Presentations are also welcome that address issues of statistical and data literacy and the instructional uses of data in substantive, mainstream courses. One aspect of creating 'strength in numbers' is building a data culture in which all of society is enfranchised in the use of numeric evidence. The following list provides some ideas for the sessions, papers, and presentations that we see flowing from the themes of this Conference and for which we are seeking submissions."
For additional information, please see <http://iassist2003.ssc.uwo.ca/>.
ALT-C 2003, 10th International Conference of the Association for Learning Technology, 8 - 10 September 2003, Sheffield, United Kingdom. Call for Papers. The deadline for submission is 1 March 2003.
"The integration of learning technology into tertiary education has led to the development of special interest networks to promote good practice in research and implementation. ALT-C 2003 will focus on communities of practice growing around these networks, with the following sub themes:
"The conference is aimed at established practitioners and researchers and those interested in introducing technology at all levels in further and higher education. ALT-C 2003 will promote reflection, evaluation and interactivity."
"A distinctive feature of ALT-C 2003 will be its research strand for refereed papers on e-learning and the use of learning technology."
For additional information, please see <http://www.shef.ac.uk/alt/index.html>.
Goings On
HICSS-36, Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 6 - 9 January 2003, Big Island, Hawaii, USA.
"There are nine tracks offered at HICSS-36:
"Papers in each of these tracks have in recent years made significant contributions to the application of information systems technology. Many have been republished in various journals, transactions and magazines, or have appeared as chapters in books."
"The objective of HICSS is to provide a unique environment in which researchers and practitioners in the information, computer and system sciences can exchange ideas, techniques and applications. To realize this objective and to facilitate lively discussion and interaction, the number of available registrations is limited...There is a high degree of interaction and discussion among the conference participants because the meeting is conducted in a workshop-like setting. All registrants are expected to attend the entire conference and actively engage in these discussions."
For additional information, please see <http://www.hicss.hawaii.edu/>.
Maintaining Momentum and Making Progress, 2nd Annual EDUCAUSE Mid-Atlantic Regional Conference for Information Technology Professionals in Higher Education, 15 - 17 January 2003, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
"The conference theme for 2003 is Maintaining Momentum and Making Progress. As an IT professional in higher education, you're challenged with balancing the demands of technology with the unique mission of your institution, in a time of constrained resources. Don't miss this chance to build the skills and vision you need to keep your organization strong and productive (whether your institution is large or small, public or private), and also to build a successful and fulfilling career."
"At the center of the conference are its practical how-to sessions that offer valuable, region-specific information and ideas to help you manage and lead IT at your institution. Join us for preconference seminars on January 15 and the full conference program January 16�17. The sessions will follow 6 key tracks:
"Whether your focus is administrative services, information resources, teaching and learning, technology infrastructure, or management within higher education, you'll find opportunities to learn, share, and connect with others in your field and from your part of the country."
For additional information, please see <http://www.educause.edu/conference/marc/2003/>.
VDA 2003, Visualization and Data Analysis, 20 - 24 January 2003, Santa Clara, California, USA.
"This conference covers all aspects of visualization and issues affecting successful visualizations. The conference has grown rapidly over the years and has attracted participants from throughout the world...Quality papers covering research results as well as works-in-progress [have been invited]. The papers from this conference will be published in a bound proceedings available from SPIE." The strongest conference papers have been offered the option of having extended versions of their papers reviewed for publication in the Journal of Electronic Imaging or a future special issue of the Journal of Electronic Imaging focusing on visualization.
"Example topics include, but are not limited to:
For additional information, please see <http://vw.indiana.edu/vda2003/>.
Open Forum on Metadata Registries 2003 , 20 - 24 January 2003, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA.
"This is the sixth in a series of international conferences on this topic. Participants will explore the capabilities, uses, content, development, and operation of registries and related technologies. Emphasis is on managing the semantics (meaning) of data that is shared within and between organizations or disseminated via the World Wide Web."
"This Open Forum will concentrate on the following technologies:
"Tutorials will be given on these technologies and on the relevant standards. A theme will be cooperation and interoperation of these technologies."
"This Open Forum will highlight ongoing efforts with tracks that describe and demonstrate the practical use of the technologies. The tracks will gather standards developers, software developers, and practitioners in these fields to demonstrate accomplishments and to discuss experiences. The tracks are:
"The level of the presentations will vary from high-level descriptions to technical-level specifics. Presentations and discussions will cover tutorials, implementation plans and experiences, and software capabilities."
For additional information, please see <http://metadata-stds.org/OpenForum2003/>.
11th Information Online Conference and Exhibition, Information Specialists Group of the Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA), 21 - 23 January 2003, Sydney, Australia.
"Come and exchange information, explore new developments and major issues concerning online and multimedia information and communications. Come and socialise with librarians, information professionals and others in our region interested in online information."
"From a wonderful range of papers offered to us by colleagues, we have chosen papers on a wide range of topics we hope you will find interesting, challenging, stimulating and useful. Topics include:
"Speakers from most states in Australia and different working environments will be presenting papers. We have also invited some top speakers from other countries. Many are well known in Australia; others are probably less well known, but they are all knowledgeable and interesting. Several special satellite events are being held to make it even more worthwhile to visit Sydney for Information Online."
"The exhibition will be in the much bigger Hall 5 and, in addition to over 100 booths, will include a large Internet lounge as well as a theatrette for over 100 people to hear Product Reviews and Tips and Tricks sessions. The caf� in Hall 5 will be open for the entire event, and delegates will enjoy sit down lunches in Hall 5!"
For additional information, please see <http://www.alia.org.au/conferences/online2003/>.
Open Access to Scientific and Technical Information: State of the Art and Future Trends, 23 - 24 January 2003, Paris, France.
This two-day seminar jointly organizing by the Institute for Scientific and Technical Information of the French National Center for Scientific Research (INIST-CNRS), the French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), and the International Council for Scientific and Technical Information (ICSTI), will bring together international experts from the public and private sectors to discuss the impact of Open Access initiatives.
"The seminar, which has a European focus, concerns authors/researchers, publishers, specialized libraries and document centers, funding bodies, information service providers, technical standards developers, public authorities, policy makers and international development agencies. Its objective is two-fold:
For additional information, please see <http://www.inist.fr/openaccess/index_en.php>.
NLII Annual Meeting: Teaching, Learning, Technology, and the New Academy, 26 - 28 January 2003, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
"Since the feedback from the 2002 Annual Meeting, the NLII has been experimenting with conferences and meetings that are more participatory and interactive. For 2003, we will offer only two plenary sessions. In addition, small group working sessions will be scheduled on Tuesday afternoon. Finally, we continue to offer two types of sessions introduced in 2001:
"Another element to help you get the most out of the conference is continuing our tradition of supplemental readings for before and after the meeting. We've asked our plenary and featured session speakers to recommend white papers, Web sites, articles, and other resources that would be helpful to attendees with an interest in a particular topic. These readings will be listed on this Web page as we receive them."
For additional information, please see <http://www.educause.edu/nlii/meetings/nlii031/>.
Deadline Reminders
ASIST 2002: Information Connections and Community, 18 - 21 November 2002, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. For additional information, please see <http://www.asis.org/Conferences/AM02/index.html>.
CCS 2002: 9th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, 18 - 22 November 2002, Washington, DC, USA. Workshops held in conjunction with CCS 2002:
For additional information, please see <http://www.acm.org/sigs/sigsac/ccs/>.
ICONIP'02, SEAL'02, FSKD'02, 9th International Conference on Neural Information Processing, 4th Asia-Pacific Conference on Simulated Evolution And Learning, 2002 International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, 18 - 22 November 2002, Convention City, Singapore.
For additional information, please see <http://www.ntu.edu.sg/home/nef/>.
Archiving - whose problem is it?, ALPSP 9th Publishing and the Internet Seminar, 29 November 2002, London, United Kingdom. For additional information, please see <http://www.alpsp.org/s291102.htm>.
ACM MultiMedia 2002, 1 - 6 December 2002, Juan Les Pins, France. For further information, please see <http://mm02.eurecom.fr/>.
Online Information 2002, 3 - 5 December 2002, London, United Kingdom. For further information, please see <http://www.online-information.co.uk/online/>.
2nd Workshop on Open Access to Hidden Resources, The Open Archives Forum, 5 - 7 December 2002, Lisbon, Portugal. For additional information, please see <http://www.oaforum.org/workshops/lisb_invitation.php>.
WEDELMUSIC 2002, International Conference on Web Delivery of Music, 9 - 11 December 2002, Darmstadt, Germany. For further information, please see <http://www.wedelmusic.org/wedelmusic2002/>.
ICDM '02, the 2002 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining. The conference date has been changed to 9 - 12 December 2002, Maebashi City, Japan. For additional information, please see <http://wi-lab.com/icdm02/>.
ICADL 2002, Digital Libraries: People, Knowledge & Technology, 11 - 14 December 2002, Singapore. For additional information, please see <http://www.cais.ntu.edu.sg:8000/icadl2002/>.
WISE 2002, 3rd International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering, 12 - 14 December 2002, Singapore. For additional information, please see <http://www.cais.ntu.edu.sg:8000/wise2002/>
EBL 2003 (Evidence Based Librarianship), Improving Practice Through Research: Current Perspectives, Future Prospects, 4-6 June 2003, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Call for Papers and Posters. The deadline for submission is 13 December 2002. For more information, please see <http://www.ualberta.ca/~pryan/EBL2003.html>.
MW2003, Museums and the Web, 19 - 22 March 2003, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. Call for Demonstrations. The deadline for submission is 15 December 2002. For more information, please see <http://www.archimuse.com/conferences/mw.html>.
CALIBER-2003: Mapping Technology on Libraries and People (MTLP), 10th National Convention for Automation of Libraries in Education and Research Institutes, INFLIBNET. Please note that the conference dates and location have changed to 13 - 15 February 2003, Ahmedabad, India. Call for Papers. The deadline for submission has been extended to 15 December 2002. For additional information, please see the D-Lib July 2002 Call for Participation or <http://www.inflibnet.ac.in/calibers/caliber03.html>.
DECABES 2002, International Symposium on Distributed Computing and Applications to Business, Engineering and Science, 16 - 20 December 2002, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China. For further information, please see <http://www.dcabes2002.net/intros.htm>.
(Unless otherwise noted, text enclosed in quotation marks above is quoted from the web sites for those items or events or from press releases received by D-Lib Magazine from the hosting or event-affiliated organizations.)
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DOI: 10.1045/november2002-clips


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ESC 429: Language, Literacy, Technology
Writing in the Majors Guidelines
Professor David Hyman
Role of Writing
The general aim of the writing-intensive sections of ESC 429 is to engage undergraduates in writing as a form of professional practice and scholarly inquiry. In order to achieve this level of engagement, students need to write frequently throughout the term within the discursive frameworks of multiple genres and audiences. Students need to be given ample opportunity as individuals and as a community to discuss the work they are doing as writers in order to reflect on and improve their work as writers and prospective teachers. Therefore, students will have multiple writing tasks both in class and for homework every week.
Disciplinary Writing
In this course students will gain facility with the following genres or types of writing:
- Writing as part of the daily practice of teaching
- Prospective teachers need to learn how to compose curricula, activities, and assignments. Writing-intensive sections strive to contextualize these writing genres within the rhetorical strategy of audience awareness: How does an awareness of audience impact textual production? Teachers compose learning activities for audiences of other teachers, administrators, parents, and students, to name a few reading communities.
- Teachers also write a great deal in response to student work. Among the genres in this category are rubrics, grades, report cards and other evaluations, comments on student assignments, and letters. As above, awareness of purpose and audience play key roles in the composing processes for these genres.
- Writing as scholarly practice/reflective inquiry
- Types of research: case studies, articles, reflective inquiry, classroom observation, responses to published scholarship.
- Teacher self-assessment: journals, e-portfolios, statements of pedagogy.
- Writing about and through new technologies: participation in professional on-line networks via blogs and discussion forums; consideration of the role of social networks in education.
- Writing as Community
- Discussion posts on Blackboard.
- In-class, low-stakes, writing-to-learn activities.
Expectations of Students in a WIM Course
In this course students will:
- Demonstrate an awareness of audience for each writing assignment.
- Articulate expectations for their own future students in the writing activities that are designed for use in middle and high school classrooms.
- Engage in various activities that address different stages of the writing process (brainstorming, revision, peer- and instructor- feedback).
- Use the fieldwork requirement to document the types of activities/writing going on in the classrooms being observed.
- Submit multiple drafts of at least one key high-stakes assignment during the semester. Each draft should show evidence of thoughtful revision based on the professor's comments and on the student's reflections.
- Submit final drafts of high-stakes assignments that have been proofread and corrected.
- Demonstrate a good-faith effort to complete writing assignments on time.
Expectations of Faculty in a WIM Course
In this course, the professor will:
- Provide students with opportunities to write for different audiences and different purposes.
- Connect activities/assignments to course goals and expectations.
- Respond to student writing promptly.
- Design writing activities that provide opportunities and support for student revision.
- Devote time in class to working on writing projects.
Criteria for Assessing Student Writing
Since developing assessment criteria is a significant element of teacher preparation, this course will introduce, develop, and model several forms of summative and formative assessment strategies. These strategies will be clustered under the three different modes of assessment outlined in Daniels and Zemelman's (1988) A Community of Writers: Response, Evaluation, and Grading.


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To clarify, he's the least popular incumbent in his home state among the many states that PPP has polled this year. This is a survey of Arizona, not of the entire U.S., in case that makes a difference to you. And maybe it should: A former national nominee would probably poll better nationally, based on pure name recognition (and maybe some sympathy for his defeat), than he might among locals who are following his Senate votes day to day.
But let's not let the fine print spoil this. At last, my friends, people of all partisan stripes have found something they can agree on:
If you don't understand how a politician can be nearly equally obnoxious to voters across the spectrum, check this out. It's not quite equal once you delve into ideology:
McCain's endless boosterism for amnesty and for aggressive interventionism abroad has landed him in an unusual sweet spot with voters. He's far too disdainful of Obama to earn much goodwill from Democrats for his moderation on immigration, especially liberal Democrats who aren't as comfortable with hawkishness as many Obama fans are. And he's far too disdainful of "tea party hobbits" and "wacko birds" to earn much goodwill from conservative hawks, especially after his cheery partnership with Chuck Schumer on the Gang of Eight bill. Imagine how difficult it is to be a war hero, a former party standard-bearer, and an elder statesman in the Senate and be this universally disliked. Choosing the wrong policies isn't enough, I think; you need to alienate people on a gut level with your attitude too. Somehow Maverick's pulled it off. I'm impressed.
Here's my favorite data point. How many years has McCain been pushing immigration reform now? I know, I know, he became a border hawk temporarily from 2008-10 in order to win his primaries, but no one took that very seriously. And besides, voters are interested mainly in what politicians have done for them lately. McCain's been a warrior for amnesty fans ever since immigration reform got going last year. You'd think Latinos in Arizona would be softer on him than other groups. Not really:
He trails by more than 40 points among Latinos in head-to-head hypothetical Senate match-ups with Democrats Gabby Giffords and Richard Carmona. Head to head against Janet Napolitano, whom he leads overall by eight points, he trails among Latinos by 25.
Exit question: Is it time to start the McCain retirement watch in earnest?


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Here are new additions to The Best "Words Of The Year" Features For 2012:
What new words were created in 2012? is a video from The BBC.
25 wonderful words and phrases we learned in 2012 is from The Week.
Let's Double Down On A Superstorm Of Malarkey: Picking 2012's Word Of The Year is from NPR.


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LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION ACROSS AUSTRALIA LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATES(a) FOR MEN AND WOMEN (a) For people aged 15 years and over. Source: ABS 1986-2006 Censuses of Population and Housing. By age and sex The labour force participation rate of both men and women varies over the life course. For both sexes, participation in the labour force tends to be lower in the teenage years, before rising in the twenties as people complete educational qualifications and begin a career. The rate for men tends to stay quite high until they reach their sixties when many men retire. For women, the labour force participation rate tends to dip during the peak childbearing years between ages 25 and 44 years. Delayed childbearing and an increased propensity for women to combine work and family has seen this dip become later and less pronounced than in the past. The decline in the participation rates of women in the older age groups occurs at a younger age than for men, reflecting the fact that women tend to retire earlier. LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATES OF MEN AND WOMEN BY AGE - 2006 Source: ABS 2006 Census of Population and Housing. By Remoteness Areas Labour force participation can also be examined from a geographic perspective as economic and social circumstances may vary from cities to regional and remote areas. In 2006, the labour force participation rate in Major Cities was 66%, slightly above the national average of 65%. The labour force participation rate was lower in Inner Regional (61%) and Outer Regional (64%) areas and higher in Remote (70%) and Very Remote (68%) areas. In part these differences reflect the different age structures across Remoteness Areas. In particular, since the labour force participation rate is based on the entire population aged 15 years and over, areas that have a relatively high proportion of people aged 65 years and over, many of whom are retired, will tend to have lower rates of labour force participation than will areas with a relatively small share of their population aged 65 years and over (see Australian Social Trends 2008, Population distribution). After adjusting for age differences, the labour force participation rates between the different areas converge, indicating that to a large extent differences in observed rates of labour force participation between Remoteness Areas are explained by differences in the age structure of their populations. The age-standardised labour force participation rates for Inner Regional (63%) and Outer Regional (65%) areas increased slightly from the unadjusted rates, reflecting the older age profile of these areas. By contrast, the age-standardised labour force participation rates for Remote (68%) and Very Remote (63%) areas were lower than the corresponding unadjusted rates, reflecting their younger age profiles. The age-standardised rate for Major Cities (65%) was also slightly lower than the unadjusted rate. Between 1996 and 2006, the age-standardised labour force participation rate increased by a similar magnitude across all Remoteness Areas. Overall, the age-standardised labour force participation rate increased by four percentage points in each Remoteness Area, with rates increasing by one to two percentage points for men, and by six to eight percentage points for women. LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATES(a) BY REMOTENESS AREAS (a) Rates have been age standardised and are for people aged 15 years and over. Source: ABS 2006 Census of Population and Housing. PARTICIPATION ACROSS PARTICULAR GROUPS Strong economic growth between 1996 and 2006 saw a considerable increase in the labour force participation rate and a marked decline in Australia's unemployment rate. These trends were widespread and benefited a broad cross-section of groups, including men and women aged 55-64 years, women with young children and Indigenous people. LABOUR FORCE STATUS OF SELECTED POPULATION GROUPS(a)
(b) Worked between 1 and 34 hours in the week prior to Census night. (c) Proportion of all employed people, including those who worked 0 hours in the week prior to Census night. Source: ABS 1996 and 2006 Censuses of Population and Housing. People aged 55-64 years The labour force participation rate of people aged 55-64 years has traditionally been lower than for younger age groups as many people retire from the labour force around this age. A number of policy initiatives have been introduced in recent years, such as the Mature Age Workers Tax Offset in 2004, to encourage older workers to delay retirement. 3 According to Census data, between 1996 and 2006 there was a rise in the labour force participation rate of both men and women aged 55-64 years. While the participation rate for women overall rose in the ten years to 2006 (from 53% to 58%), the increase in the participation rate for women aged 55-64 years was considerably larger (up 17 percentage points, from 31% to 48%). The participation rate among men aged 55-64 years rose seven percentage points to 68% between 1996 and 2006, while the overall rate for males remained steady at around 72%. Although the increase in the participation rate of women has been much more pronounced than for men, almost half (48%) of women aged 55-64 years who were employed in 2006 were working part-time, compared with one in five (20%) employed men of this age. The large increase in labour force participation among women aged 55-64 years was evident across all Remoteness Areas, but particularly in Very Remote areas (up from 30% in 1996 to 56% in 2006). The increases for men aged 55-64 years over this period were relatively modest across most areas, with the exception of Very Remote areas where the participation rate rose by 15 percentage points to 73% in 2006. For this age group, the rise in labour force participation rates was coupled with a considerable fall in the unemployment rate for both men and women. LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATES OF MEN AND WOMEN AGED 55-64 YEARS BY REMOTENESS AREAS Source: ABS 1996 and 2006 Censuses of Population and Housing. Women with young children Women with young children have also been identified as a key focus of policies aimed at lifting labour force participation in recent years. 4 The Child Care Tax Rebate, for example, first introduced in 2004-05, aimed to encourage the labour force participation of mothers with young children by increasing the affordability of child care. According to Census data, between 1996 and 2006 the participation rate of mothers with children aged 0-14 years rose from 59% to 64%. The rise was particularly pronounced among lone mothers (up from 50% to 59%). In 2006, employed mothers with children aged 0-14 years were much more likely to be working part-time (59% of both employed lone mothers and employed mothers in couple families) than were employed women overall (45%). The labour force participation rates of mothers also varied according to the age of their youngest child. In 2006, the participation rate among mothers with children aged 0-4 years was lower (52%) than those whose youngest child was aged 5-9 years (71%) and 10-14 years (77%). Mothers in Major Cities were slightly more likely than those elsewhere to be in the labour force when their youngest child was aged 0-4 years (53% compared with 51%). However, mothers in Major Cities whose youngest child was aged 5-14 years were less likely to be in the labour force than were their counterparts in Inner Regional, Outer regional or Remote areas (73% in Major Cities compared with 76% in each of the other areas). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples Indigenous Australians benefited to some extent from the economic prosperity of the period from 1996 to 2006, with a slight rise in the labour force participation rate (from 53% to 55%) and a considerable fall in the unemployment rate (from 23% to 16%). The Indigenous labour force participation and employment figures from the 2006 Census include people participating in the Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) scheme. The CDEP scheme enables members of Indigenous communities, particularly in Remote and Very Remote areas, to exchange unemployment benefits for opportunities to undertake paid work and training in activities managed by a local Indigenous community organisation. As the age profile of the Indigenous population is much younger than that of the non-Indigenous population, a comparison of specific age groups is more informative than a comparison of the standard labour force participation rate for all people aged 15 years and over. In the 2006 Census, the participation rate of Indigenous people aged 25-44 years was 62% compared with 83% for the non-Indigenous population of the same age. For those aged 15-24 years, the rates for Indigenous and non-Indigenous people were 51% and 67%, respectively. Among all people aged 15-64 years, the difference in labour force participation was around 19 percentage points (57% for Indigenous compared with 76% for non-Indigenous Australians). Higher levels of education or qualifications, in terms of both years of schooling completed and non-school qualifications, are generally associated with increased employment opportunities. Although the proportion of Indigenous Australians aged 15 years and over with non-school qualifications doubled from 12% to 24% over the decade to 2006, it remained low compared with the non-Indigenous population (46% in 2006). When looking just at those people with non-school qualifications, the Indigenous labour force participation rate is roughly comparable with that of non-Indigenous Australians. In 2006, the participation rate of Indigenous Australians aged 15-64 years with non-school qualifications was 81%, compared with 86% for non-Indigenous people. LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATE OF PEOPLE WITH NON-SCHOOL QUALIFICATIONS BY INDIGENOUS STATUS AND AGE - 2006 Source: ABS 2006 Census of Population and Housing. LOOKING AHEAD Labour force participation increased among the groups discussed in this article over the decade to 2006. There is still potential for participation rates to increase further. Such increases could occur in response to increased demand for labour and be facilitated by flexibility in working arrangements, allowing people to better balance work and other activities, especially caring (See Australian Social Trends 2008, Barriers to work). Opportunities to maintain a highly skilled and adaptive workforce through ongoing education and training will also help shape the characteristics of the Australian labour force into the future (see Australian Social Trends 2008, Adult learning). MORE INFORMATION Data sources and definitions Data presented in this article are mainly from the most recent Census of Population and Housing, conducted in August 2006. Data presented are based on place of usual residence. Census labour force data presented in this article are different to August 2006 Labour Force Survey estimates due to a number of factors, including differences in collection methodology (see Australian Labour Market Statistics, October 2007 (cat. no. 6105.0)). However, these differences have minimal impact on the analysis in this article. Census data, particularly data relating to Indigenous Australians in Very Remote areas, are affected by undercount (see Census of Population and Housing - Details of Undercount (cat. no. 2940.0)). In 2006, the net undercount (i.e. people missed in the Census, minus those counted more than once) rate for the whole of Australia was estimated at around 2.7%. This may have an impact on data presented for Very Remote areas. In addition, around 5.7% of people did not report their Indigenous status on the Census form. Despite these issues, census data are used in this article to allow for more detailed analysis of variations between smaller population groups and small geographic areas than is possible with Labour Force Survey data. Employed people are those aged 15 years and over who worked for payment or profit, or as an unpaid helper in a family business, during the week prior to Census night, or had a job from which they were on leave or otherwise temporarily absent, or were on strike or stood down temporarily. Unemployed people are those aged 15 years and over who were not employed during the week prior to Census night and had actively looked for work in the previous four weeks and were available to start work in the week prior to Census night. The labour force consists of all people who are employed or unemployed. The labour force participation rate is the proportion of all people 15 years and over who are in the labour force. People employed part-time are those who worked between 1 and 34 hours in the week prior to Census night. Geographical classifications Remoteness Area (RA) is a structure of the Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC), covering the whole of Australia. It is intended to classify areas sharing common characteristics of remoteness into broad geographical regions (Remoteness Areas). The remoteness of a point is measured by its physical distance by road to the nearest urban centre. As remoteness is measured nationally, not all Remoteness Areas are represented in each state or territory. There are six RAs in the structure: Major Cities of Australia; Inner Regional Australia; Outer Regional Australia; Remote Australia; Very Remote Australia and Migratory Australia. The Remoteness Area names used in this article are abbreviated versions of these official terms, with 'Australia' omitted. For further information see Statistical Geography Volume 1 - Australian Standard Geographical Classification (ASGC), 2006 (cat. no. 1216.0). ENDNOTES 1The Treasury 2007, Intergenerational Report - 2007. 2Australian Bureau of Statistics 2005, Australian Labour Market Statistics, January 2005, cat. no. 6105.0, ABS, Canberra. 3Australian Taxation Office 2008, Mature age worker tax offset - overview. 4Abhayaratna, J and Lattimore, R 2006, Workforce participation rates - How does Australia compare?, Productivity Commission working paper. Articles in Australian Social Trends are designed to provide an overview of a current social issue. We aim to present an interesting and easy-to-read story, balanced with appropriate statistics. The articles are written as a starting point or summary of the issues, for a wide audience including policy makers, researchers, journalists and people who just want to have a better understanding of a topic. For people who require further information, we aim to provide references to other useful and more detailed sources.


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Story highlights
Shaven-headed star of J-pop sensation AKB48 makes tearful admission on YouTube
Apology does not prevent her demotion within the ranks of wildly popular Japanese girl bands
Producer Yasushi Akimoto denies accusations he is sexualizing young girls
Bands have been a goldmine, grossing 16.28 billion yen ($212 million) in 2011
If Japanese starlet Minami Minegishi's shaven head and tearful mea culpa looked more like a disgraced samurai trying to retrieve his honor, then it owes much to Japanese pop phenomenon "AKB48's" military structure.
Complete with four main divisions of girl performers, the J-pop sensation have their own theater training camps, a sub-corps of as many as 14 sister groups, a rigid order of succession and a strict code of conduct.
READ: Attending a North Korean school … in Japan
The bubblegum empire even has foreign territorial ambitions, with a base set to be established in Singapore and sister groups now located in Indonesia, Taiwan and China.
But on Friday, Minegishi's tearful admission that she had broken the group's "no romance" bushido revealed serious cracks in the façade of J-pop's standing army.
Shaving her head – considered a ritual act of contrition in Japan – Minegishi described her actions as "thoughtless and immature" in a four-minute video posted on YouTube that was viewed more than 3 million times. The Japanese weekly tabloid Shukan Bunshun had earlier reported that she spent a night at the flat of Alan Shirahama, a member of the boy band, "Generations."
"If it is possible, I wish from the bottom of my heart to stay in the band," she said. "Everything I did is entirely my fault. I am so sorry.
"I don't believe just doing this means I can be forgiven for what I did, but the first thing I thought was that I don't want to quit AKB48," she said before concluding the admission with a deep bow.
The apology did little to assuage management, who withdrew Minegishi's commission, demoting her to "trainee status," according to the band's blog. Meanwhile, the scandal has been avidly taken up by Japan's voracious tabloid media.
"It's perfect. It's an endless source of fodder to fill magazines and now they have one that went all Britney," said an industry source who asked not to be identified.
AKB48 comprises four teams of around 20 members who rotate to play at the AKB48 theater in Tokyo's Akhibara, where the group takes its name. The concept allows one team to perform while the others tour, promote or record. With 88 members in the band, it is registered in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest band in the world.
The brainchild of the group's Yasushi Akimoto, the bands have been a goldmine, grossing 16.28 billion yen ($212 million) in 2011 in CD and DVD sales alone, according to compiler Oricon.
With American Idol style auditions that continually renew the ranks of the teams, the girls aged from14 to 20 either "graduate" to become solo artists within Akimoto's swelling stable of performers, or they simply take early retirement. "Misbehavior," as it's deemed in the group, merits expulsion or in the case of Minegishi, demotion.
The groups are now so popular that tickets for the daily performances are allocated on a lottery system. Akimoto says he wanted to create a concept where the audience could meet their idols, and the groups regularly hold "handshake events" where the audience gets to "high-five" the performers on the way into the show.
While AKB48 may seemed to be pitched at Japanese teens, the audience is usually made up of Japanese salarymen – a phenomenon not lost on Akimoto who has been criticized for sexualizing young women. Video clips show performers in skimpy miniskirts, passing food from mouth to mouth or taking baths together.
"It's the same as art versus obscenity," Akimoto told CNN. "It's up to personal judgment on how we perceive it."
But with song lyrics that run: "I want to take off my school uniform, I want to misbehave, You can do whatever you like, I want to experience adult pleasure," Akimoto has been accused of feeding the teen schoolgirl fetish.
"They're not reading their diaries," said Akimoto, defending the performers. "It's about acting.
"For example, there's a song called Despised Love. This song is asking why junior high school kids kill themselves … unless I take up the issues these girls are facing as a songwriter the issues won't get addressed.
"There are kids out there who want to take off their school uniforms and misbehave, and I'm depicting realities in their lives in which they wonder whether it's okay to think that way.
"I'm not forcing them. I'm picturing their private lives partly based on my imagination or newspaper articles or TV news reports. I watch what their generation is doing – the issues of bullying, suicide, or traps with sugar daddies."
CNN's Alex Zolbert contributed to this report.


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The Washington Redskins announced today that they have named Ben Kotwica (COT-wee-kuh) as Special Teams Coordinator.
Kotwica is entering his eighth NFL season after spending the first seven years of his NFL career in various coaching capacities with the New York Jets.
Before assuming the role of coordinator in 2013, Kotwica assisted with the Jets' special teams in multiple roles across the 2007-12 seasons.
The Jets accounted for 10 combined kick and punt return touchdowns during his time as an assistant, tied for most in the AFC and tied for second-most in the NFL.
The Jets averaged a league-best 24.6 yards per kick return in those six seasons and had a kick returner finish in the Top 5 in the NFL in kick return four times (Joe McKnight, 2012; Joe McKnight, 2011; Brad Smith, 2010; and Leon Washington, 2007).
Kotwica helped Leon Washington earn his first career Pro Bowl berth as a kick returner following the 2008 season.
In addition to his football career, Kotwica's background includes his time as a decorated officer who spent eight years in the United States Army after graduating from the United States Military Academy at West Point.
His military career included operations in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Korea and Iraq. In 2004, he was deployed as part of Operation Iraqi Freedom II, serving as a Combat Attack Helicopter Commander and flying more than 1,000 combat hours in support of five maneuver Brigades within the 1st Calvary Division.
During his service, Kotwica was awarded with the Army Achievement Medal, the Army Commendation Medal, the Meritorious Service Medal and the Bronze Star.
Kotwica played at Army from 1993-96 and was a three-year starter at linebacker.
He was the captain of the only 10-win team in Army history, leading the Black Knights to a 10-2 record and the program's most recent Commander-in-Chief's Trophy in 1996.
*1993-96: * Linebacker, United States Military Academy (USMA) at West Point
2005-06: USMA Prep School, Defensive Coordinator
*2007-08: * Quality Control – Defense/Special Teams, New York Jets
2009-12: Assistant Special Teams, New York Jets
2013: Special Teams Coordinator, New York Jets 2014: Special Teams Coordinator, Washington Redskins


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France favors India for reformed UNSC, says India, Germany, Japan, Brazil "Absolutely needed"
India and nations like Germany, Brazil and Japan are "absolutely needed" as permanent members of a reformed and enlarged UN Security Council to better reflect contemporary realities and the addition of these key members to the UN high-table is among France's "strategic" priorities, the French envoy to the UN has said.
"In terms of policy, France and Germany have strong policy which is to work together to enlarge the Security Council and to succeed in terms of the negotiations that should lead to the enlargement of the Security Council that we consider absolutely needed to better reflect the world as it is. There is no question about it, France's Permanent Representative to the UN Fran ois Delattre told reporters here last week.
Speaking alongside German envoy to the UN Christoph Heusgen at the end of Germany's Presidency of the Council for April, Mr Delattre emphasised that France considers that "Germany, Japan, India, Brazil and a fair representation of Africa in particular are absolutely needed at the table to get towards a fairer representation of the Security Council. This is for us a matter of priority."
He underlined that Paris believes the enlargement of the Security Council with the addition of a few key members is "one of our strategic priorities."
Noting that when France and Germany launched their alliance for multi-materialism, he said it signifies that the two nations strongly believe in the UN as the core of today's global governance and that they strongly believe in "multi-lateralism and means that we are actively working to reform and in some respects to refound, reinvent multi-lateralism so that it is really efficient for the decades to come."
India is at the forefront of efforts at the UN to push for the long-pending reform of the Security Council, emphasising that it rightly deserves a place at the UN high table as a permanent member.
India's Permanent Representative to the UN Ambassador Syed Akbaruddin, speaking at the informal meeting of the Plenary on the Intergovernmental negotiations on the question of equitable representation on and increase in the membership of the Security Council earlier this year, had said that on the issue of 'Categories of Membership", a total of 113 Member States, out of 122 who submitted their positions in the Framework Document, support expansion in both of the existing categories specified in the Charter.
"In short, more than 90 per cent of the written submissions in the document are in favour of expansion in both categories of membership specified in the Charter," he had said.
Mr Akbaruddin had said that while reform at the UN is a process rather than an event, "there is no process known to us here that has traversed winding pathways in the manner as this process of the Reform of the Security Council."
"In terms of inertia too, it has no peer. While the world is not what it was when we began the process, the objections to moving forward remain the same. While the global challenges of the 21st century have multiplied, we remain divided even about the process to adopt in order to move forward," he had said.
France has maintained that if the crises of recent times have confirmed the centrality of the UN, they have also reinforced the need to make the organisation more effective and more representative of the current balances in the world.
"That is why France pushes for the expansion of the Security Council by supporting the accession to a permanent seat of Germany, Brazil, India, Japan, as well as a greater presence of African countries," according to the Permanent Mission of France.


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Worst Cooks, Episode 7: He Said, She Said
After each elimination on Worst Cooks in America this season, chefs Anne Burrell and Robert Irvine share their candid impressions of the booted recruits with the FN Dish . In the last challenge before the finale, they bid farewell to Kelsey from Robert's Team and Carlos from Anne's Team .
Anne on Carlos: This is when their families came! It was a little fire; it boosted them. They were really lonely; it had been a long time. I can't imagine doing what they did, quite honestly. They completely had a breakdown when they saw their family members. Carlos was really cute; his sister came and he cried. We asked them what do they like to eat, and Carlos's sister said a Thai dish. I gave him a lob; that's how easy this dish was. I was begging him the entire time: Show us your personality. Let it come out. This is the time to let it rip. I remember saying that to him so many times. He's like, "I love spicy food," and then he made the drippiest, personality-less Thai dish. There was no spice, no big flavors. He was great; his mise en place was always so good; his shrimp was cooked perfectly. I really thought for a while that Carlos was going to be my guy.
Robert on Kelsey: I was shocked that Anne sent Carlos home. I thought this was going to be her soldier. Kelsey's husband came. He was deer hunter guy. He loves to hunt, so she wanted to make him venison. She went from burning everything to serving it raw, still bleeding. And it was such a shame because she knew how to cook it. She did well when she moved over to my team; she turned a corner. The pan wasn't hot when she seared it; all the things that she had been taught, she didn't do. That was heartbreaking. She was so afraid of burning everything, so she overcompensated.
Don't forget to vote for your favorite Worst Cooks recruit in our Fan Vote, up to 10 times per day.


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It wouldn't be a mischaracterisation to equate the cloud computing industry to the wild, wild west.
Read Network World's other tech arguments.
There is such a variety of vendors gunning at one another and the industry is young enough that true winners and losers have not yet been determined. Amazon has established itself as the early market leader, but big-name legacy IT companies are competing hard, especially on the enterprise side, and a budding crop of startups are looking to stake their claims, too.
In its latest Magic Quadrant report, research firm Gartner lists 14 infrastructure as a service (IaaS) companies, but Network World looked at four of the biggest names to compare and contrast: Amazon Web Services, Rackspace (and OpenStack), Microsoft and Google.
FREE CLOUDS! 12 Free cloud storage options
Amazon Web Services
It's hard to find someone who doesn't agree that Amazon Web Services is the market leader in IaaS cloud computing. The company has one of the widest breadths of cloud services - including compute, storage, networking, databases, load balancers, applications and application development platforms all delivered as a cloud service. Amazon has dropped its prices 21 times since it debuted its cloud six years ago and fairly consistently fills whatever gaps it has in the size of virtual machine instances on its platform - the company recently rolled out new high-memory instances, for example.
There are some cautions for Amazon though. Namely, its cloud has experienced three major outages in two years. One analyst, Jillian Mirandi of Technology Business Researcher, has suggested that continued outages could eventually start hindering businesses' willingness to invest in Amazon infrastructure.
That sentiment gets to a larger point about AWS though - the service seems to be popular in the startup community, providing the IT infrastructure for young companies and allowing them to avoid investing in expensive technology themselves. But Mark Bowker, a cloud analyst for Enterprise Strategy Group, says Amazon hasn't been as popular in the enterprise community. "Amazon's made it really easy for pretty much anyone to spin up cloud services or get VMs," he says. Where is Amazon getting those customers from? Some are developers and engineers who get frustrated by their own IT shops not being able to supply VMs as quickly as Amazon can, so they use Amazon's cloud in the shadows of IT. "Taxi cabs pay for a lot of VMs," says Beth Cohen, an architect at consultancy Cloud Technology Partners, referring to users expensing Amazon services on travel reports. The point is there's a hesitation by some enterprises to place their Tier 1, mission critical applications in a public cloud.
Amazon is looking to extend its enterprise reach though. In recent months the company has made a series of announcements targeting enterprises and developers. It rolled out Glacier, a long-term storage service, while it's made updates to its Elastic application development platform and its Simple WorkFlow Service, which helps developers automate applications running in Amazon's cloud.
It has expanded partnerships as well, including with private cloud company Eucalyptus, allowing customers to create hybrid clouds that span their own data center and Amazon's cloud. Amazon has also forged new agreements with BMC and F5, which add on top of the robust marketplace of software applications that are already available on Amazon's cloud. More partnerships expected into the future could push Amazon further into the enterprise market.
Behind Amazon, the rest of the market could be described as "everyone else," but there are some leading candidates to take on Amazon in the cloud and one of the strongest is Rackspace. Powered by the OpenStack cloud computing platform, Rackspace is positioning itself as the open source alternative to Amazon, and the company's executives make no shame in aiming critiques directly at its chief competitor.
Bowker, of Enterprise Strategy Group, says Rackspace has a leg up on many of its other competitors because of its history as a managed hosting and collocation provider. It's been in the enterprise business before.
Others believe that Rackspace's OpenStack involvement allows it to compete at the scale and capacity of Amazon. Rackspace is attempting to build a cloud that can scale to just about anyone's needs, says financial analyst Pat Walravens, and he believes with the OpenStack backing the size of deals that Rackspace is able to land will only continue to increase.
"If Amazon is going for scale, cost and breadth of services, Rackspace is going for its services, including what it calls its fanatical support for customers," says Forrester analyst Dave Bartonelli. "They're really trying to make the play that they're the safer enterprise choice and with OpenStack, they want to be known as the non-Amazon."
The open source aspect of Rackspace's cloud appeals to customers concerned about vendor lock-in, Bartonelli says. An open source architecture may give customers additional freedom to move workloads among OpenStack-powered clouds, although Gartner has disputed the significance of that.
One Rackspace strength is its ability to roll out the latest and greatest OpenStack features. The latest OpenStack code, for example, incorporated virtual networking capabilities, which Rackspace has since rolled out, and hopes to advance the functionality of it in the coming months.
There is a view by some though that Rackspace has married itself to OpenStack, perhaps to its own detriment. As the Gartner report on OpenStack states, OpenStack can be successful independently of Rackspace's success now that the company has ceded control of the project to a foundation. Overall, Bartonelli says Rackspace's involvement in OpenStack is positive for the company and will only help to position it as a leading alternative to Amazon.
And for good reason, he says. Microsoft owns a lot of back office IT operations for enterprises between Office, Exchange and SharePoint. Because of that real estate the company already has in the enterprise market, Microsoft has an opportunity to extend those customers into its cloud, Bowker says. Microsoft has been more aggressive than ever in recent months about encouraging customers and partners to join its cloud. Earlier this year the company rolled out on-demand Windows and Linux-based virtual machines and cloud storage to accompany its platform as a service as well.
Combined with the release of Windows Server 2012 and Windows System Server this year, Microsoft is also making a play for powering private clouds behind a company's firewall. That will help Microsoft craft a story for customers to have hybrid cloud deployments all powered by Microsoft and its Hyper-V virtualization software. "Amazon doesn't have as strong of a play in the hybrid cloud conversation," Bartonelli says, which - combined with Microsoft's strong relationships with a large number of enterprise IT shops - could be an advantage for the company moving forward.
If anyone can compete with Amazon on scale, it's Google, says George Reese, founder of enStratus, a cloud management company. Amazon may have the largest scale in the industry, which Rackspace is attempting to match. But Reese says Google has a lot of data centers that are optimized for massive scaling, which is heavy artillery in cloud battles.
Google's play thus far has been focused on application development and hosting. It got into the game with Google App Engine, a development platform, and has since - like Microsoft - expanded into the infrastructure-as-a-service space with Google Compute Engine, giving customers an on-demand virtual machine and storage service. It also has a consumer cloud-facing service in Google Drive, seen as a competitor to Microsoft's SkyDrive.
"Google's not trying to displace Microsoft or Windows developers, nor are they necessarily trying to displace Rackspace," Barontelli says. "They're really going directly after Amazon on pricing and capacity saying 'Hey, we've got scale too.'"
But Amazon's been in the cloud game longer than Google, and both companies suffer from a lack of perceived support for users. But the strengths of Google's platform, and its activities in the startup community, could make it a viable competitor in the cloud market.
Network World staff writer Brandon Butler covers cloud computing and social collaboration. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com and found on Twitter at @BButlerNWW.


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11 Jun 2007 Health Insurance is Not Health Care
David Hogberg reminds politicians of something they should already know in an op-ed in the Washington Times today:
Politicians and pundits lump the terms "health care" and "health insurance" together as though they are the same thing. For example, Sen. Max Baucus, Montana Democrat, recently said, "One in 6 Americans does not have access to health care. And in my home state of Montana, an even greater percentage of people have limited access to health care: 1 in 5 Montanans lack health insurance."
In reality, however, health care and health insurance are quite different. Health care is the products and services used for the prevention, treatment and management of illness. Health insurance, on the other hand, is a way of paying for health care. Specifically, it is an agreement whereby the insurer pays for the health care costs of the insured.
Believing health care and health insurance are the same thing easily leads to some mistaken, if not dangerous, notions. It leads to the beliefs that (1) universal health care and universal health insurance are the same; and (2) that if a nation has universal health insurance, where the government pays for every citizen's health care, that nation will have universal health care, where citizens will have ready access to health care whenever they need it. As the experience of other nations shows, however, universal health insurance often leads to very restricted access to health care…
David goes on to give examples of people in countries with universal health insurance who had to do without health care — sometimes with fatal results. He concludes:
As the debate over the future of the U.S. health-care system proceeds, it is important that we — and especially lawmakers who will craft health policy — understand the very real difference between health care and health insurance. It is vital we realize universal health insurance is not the same as universal health care. Universal health insurance provided by the government leads to rationing of health care that has adverse impacts on health, including death. Thus, we should be highly skeptical of politicians promising to improve our health care system with universal health insurance.
Labels: Government Health Care, Health Care


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Hatin' Larry Krystkowiak: Christmas Edition
Posted by Connor Pelton (@ConnorPelton28) on December 20th, 2013A Pac-12 adaption of Every Day Should Be Saturday's Hatin' Steve Spurrier character.
- Well, Barry Hinson, you may have gone viral and put Southern Illinois on the map for the first time in a while, but you're not going to like what's in your stocking on Wednesday.
- Washington's two-game winning streak will likely come to an end this weekend against Connecticut. Will we see another two straight wins for the Dawgs this season? Are Idaho State and Tulane on the schedule again? The answer is in there somewhere.
- Oregon State's celebrating Christmas in Hawaii for the Diamond Head Classic, meaning it will have played games in the DC area, Chicago, and Honolulu in the first two months of the season. Someone tell Craig Robinson he doesn't have to schedule every city inhabited by President Obama at some point or another.
- Time to brag about my team. Nine wins y'all. What's that you say about the third easiest schedule in the nation? Haters gonna hate.
- It sucks that Roberto Nelson was ejected for throwing a punch (skip to 1:07 of the video to view) against Towson on Wednesday, but at least that's the toughest defense the Beavers have played all season. Regardless, Nelson makes Santa's naughty list.


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