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[These materials have been excerpted by the author from Jerome Bump, "The Family Dynamics of the Reception of Art," Style 31.2 (1997): 328-350]
book of literary criticism has finally been devoted to using family dynamics in the services of literary criticism: Paula Marantz Cohen's The Daughter's Dilemma: Family Process and the Nineteenth-Century Domestic Novel (1991). Cohen places Richardson's Clarissa, Austen's Mansfield Park, Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights, Eliot's The Mill on the Floss and James's The Awkward Age in the context of the family system theory that emerged from schizophrenia research, represented by Kerr and Bowen. Believing that the "cross-sexual, cross-generational relationships of father and daughter functioned as the core of the nuclear family" (22), Cohen focuses on the sick daughter's role in the family as the bearer of the family's symptoms. She traces the ways in which psychosomatic illness performs a regulating function, maintaining the closed family system, and on the relationship between "the novel's thematic drive to establish a closed family system" and "its formal drive to closure" (29).
While family systems theory is but one of three contemporary psychologies John V. Knapp relates to literature in Striking at the Joints: Contemporary Psychology and Literary Criticism (1996), he adds many dimensions to the approach pioneered by Cohen. He presents thorough, convincing defenses of interdisciplinary literary scholarship, especially integration of contemporary psychology and literary criticism, and of mimetic or "realistic" literary characterization in the age of postmodernism. He shows us how to reconstruct "a fictional family's system and its emotional life" (61) in terms of the "mimesis" discussed by Tallis (In , 69), Phelan (50), Graff, Hochman and Wachs. He convinces us that we are "inhabitants of a world not entirely or primarily constituted out of parts of speech" (Tallis, Not 63), a world in which language is not self-sufficient but embedded in society and history, especially the history of individual families (6).
Moreover, he brings to literary study the family systems theory that informs the practices of the thousands of family and marriage therapists (who greatly outnumber practicing psychoanalysts). He demonstrates the relevance of this widely effective contemporary psychology to Lawrence's Sons and Lovers and Roth's Call It Sleep. Like Cohen he discusses triangulation and scapegoating, but explores the marital, parental, and sibling subsystems as well. In his subtle exploration of the families of origin of the parents in Call It Sleep, he demonstrates that we do not truly comprehend an individual character unless we understand his entire family system, including the legacies of previous generations. He shows not only the source of dysfunction in the secrets, blame and denial in that family system, but also how that family began to break the bonds of the repetition compulsion by cultivating openness, intimacy, and emotional expressiveness. Knapp concludes with a call for more research "relating family systems ... to literary works from every time and culture" (245).
Family Dynamics and the Limitations of Psychoanalytic and Postmodern Conceptions of Self
- Introduction: Family Dynamics and the Limitations of Psychoanalytic and Postmodern Conceptions of Self
- Object Relations Theorists
- Family Dynamics, Family Systems Theory, and Literary Criticism
- Family-Systems Theory, Addiction, and the Novels of the Brontës
- Family-Systems Theory, Addiction, and Emily Brontës Wuthering Heights
- Family-Systems Theory, Addiction, and Thomas Hardy's The Mayor of Casterbridge
- Family-Systems Theory and Great Expectations
- Works Cited
Last modified 1999


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Orin Thomas
Orin Thomas is an MVP, an MCT and has a string of Microsoft MCSE and MCITP certifications. He has written more than 30 books for Microsoft Press on topics including Windows Server, Windows Client, System Center, Exchange Server, Security, and SQL Server. He is an author at PluralSight and is a contributing editor at Windows IT Pro magazine. He has been working in IT since the early 1990's and regularly speaks at conferences in Australia and around the world. Orin founded and runs the Melbourne System Center, Security, and Infrastructure Group. Follow him on twitter to check out his most recent tweets.

subset: commoncrawl


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Cosmetics, Hair Products, Creams and More... |
Cosmetics - Hair Product - MakeUp - Anti-Aging Cream Face Cream - Skin Cream - Younger Skin - Organic Cream Listen to Coronavirus Patient Zero To Keep Makeup Looking Fresh, Take A Powder Beauty expert and renowned makeup artist Sonia Kashuk, who has worked with the world's top models, answers your questions and offers tips, tricks and tools to help you look your best. Q: My makeup always looks great right after I've applied it but after a few hours it fades. How do you make your makeup last throughout the day? A: The answer may surprise you…whether the product says "long-wearing" or not, you can keep your makeup looking fresh from dusk 'til dawn by using proper application techniques. The greatest trick I have learned over the years: Loose powder is your complexion's best friend! • Concealer-Gently dot concealer and blend using your finger or concealer brush around the under-eye area. Seal coverage by lightly sweeping the area with a small powder brush dusted with sheer, loose powder. To try: Sonia Kashuk Barely There Loose Powder in Translucent Matte. • Cream Blush-I am a firm believer that less is more…especially with cream products. Because of its consistency, it is the nature of cream blush to move on the face. One way to prevent this from happening is to apply a dusting of sheer loose powder over the cheeks after you have applied the blush to keep it where it belongs-on your cheeks. To try: Sonia Kashuk Crème Blush Duo in Color My World or Brighten My Day. • Eyeliner-Eyeliner smudges by nature, but tends to look sexier when slightly imperfect. Rather than using black, which can look harsh, I often recommend trying navy blue. To try: Sonia Kashuk Eye Definer in Midnight. Tip: For a strong, solid line, use a liquid liner for precision and stay-put finish. • Lipstick/Lip Gloss-There are products on the market made specifically to prevent feathering, and a secret trick of mine that I always use if I don't have my Lip Glossing/No Feather Pencil on me is to dab foundation on your fingertip and smooth it over your lip line. This smooths out any lines around the mouth and provides an even surface for lip color to adhere…and stick to. Q: How do I know what makeup colors work best for my coloring? A: Here's a surprising tip: To identify colors that will work for you, use your hair as a guide, not your eyes! If you're blonde, go with creams and taupes. Brunettes look great in mochas and chocolate browns. If you're auburn or a redhead, choose shades of copper and peach, or cool tones like pinks and lavenders. Gray hair looks gorgeous with tones of grays, soft purples and blues. If you're unsure about colors, stick to neutrals. You can still achieve drama and variety with neutral tones-they're actually my favorite to work with. Or, to make it really simple, pick up one of my new Face Palettes, which are designed to correspond to your specific hair hue for expertly coordinated, complementary colors. Sonia Kashuk Beauty is available exclusively at Target stores. Do you know your best makeup colors? Beauty Expert Sonia Kashuk can help. Search Cosmetics, Hair Products, Creams and More... Articles
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text: Selene last edited by Omega Helix on 08/30/21 07:19PM View full history OriginBirth of Selene"After the oceans swallowed Atlantis and before the rise of the Sons of Aryas is when my journey began. My mother was a mere child when she gave birth to me... When she presented me to her tribe. But she would be dead before I uttered my first words. She was the first to sacrifice her life to insure my survival, but she would not be the last. The tribal elders recognized me for what I was and instructed my mother's people to offer their lives to me until there were none left to give. I am all that remains of those people. But sustenance was not all that they provided. They also gave me a name... The name of a goddess."--Selene explaining her origin to to her inner circle in X-Necrosha.CreationSelene was created by Chris Claremont and Sal Buscema and first appeared in The New Mutants Vol.1 issue 9 (1983).Major Story ArcsAncient RomePrior to the events in Necrosha, Selene attempted to become a goddess several millennia ago. During the Roman Empire, Selene promised her lover Eliphas her love and eternal life in exchange for every soul in Rome. Eliphas, who at that moment was not an evil man, agreed to help Selene but he was captured and ruined Selene's plan. She cursed him, granting him immortality but life of eternal pain. Eliphas swore he would gain forgiveness from his goddess. He spent centuries searching for a way to recompense what he lost for Selene.Nova RomaFor years Selene's origin went unrevealed. She claimed to have lived for several millennia, and to have been a foe of the ancient sorcerer Kulan Gath. In her attempt to ascend into goddesshood, Selene explained that she was born in Central Europe seventeen thousand years ago.In ages past, Selene was renowned as a sorceress whose power was feared and respected by practitioners of black and white magic alike. Selene then came to live in the ancient Roman Republic. Fearing that Rome's republican government would be replaced by an imperial monarchy, numerous Roman citizens, including Selene, fled Rome in the First Century BCE and sailed to the New World where they founded Nova Roma, or "New Rome", in a concealed valley in the Amazon rainforest, in what is now Brazil. At first Selene claimed that she found herself unable to leave Nova Roma, where she remained for roughly two thousand years and led the dreaded Cult of Fire as its Black Priestess.It was later explained that the creation of Nova Roma was an elaborate rouse concocted by the Hellfire Club using kidnapped British and American tourists brainwashed to believe themselves descendants of Roman expatriates. In her initial appearance, Selene was the wife of Nova Roma senator Marcus Domitius Gallio plotting to abolish the republican government and insert Gallio as the Imperial Ruler. The intervention of the New Mutants both thwarted Senator Gallio's schemes and led to Selene's apparent destruction. However, Selene not only survived, she followed the New Mutants to the United States, and New York.In New York City, she encountered Juggernaut at a nightclub. She planned to seduce and murder him, absorbing his life essence. She was prevented from doing so when Wolverine manipulated a bar-room brawl between Juggernaut and Colossus, which led to her discovery of the existence of Rachel Summers, whom Selene sought to enslave, only to be defeated by the X-Men. Prior to the X-Men rescuing her, Rachel had been invited to platonically spend the night at the home of Nicholas Damiano, a young club owner. Selene ambushed and ruthlessly murdered Damiano, causing Rachel to swear vengeance against her.Hellfire ClubSelene approached the local High Priest of her world-wide Cult of Fire, Friedrich von Roehm, to assist her in securing accommodations where she could practice her dark arts safely and discreetly. A member of the Hellfire Club, von Roehm introduced Selene to Sebastian Shaw, the Black King, who was seeking powerful recruits for his Inner Circle.When Shaw asked Selene for an audition she effortlessly used her immense power to capture both Shaw and his throne in pure concrete. Had Shaw not previously collected enough kinetic energy to barely break free he would have been suffocated and killed by Selene's attack. Selene then repaired Shaw's throne and sat on it herself. Shaw correctly interpreted this as Selene showing Shaw his place.From Selene's attack Shaw concluded that Selene knew Shaw's weakness, and would not have hesitated to kill Shaw right then and there. Shaw, being no fool, immediately recognized Selene's unmatched power and of what she could do to him if he ever dared to cross her. He realized that he had no choice but to accept Selene as his new Black Queen.Shaw personally conducted an official ceremony to welcome Selene. However, Selene was not impressed, as she mocked the ceremony to Shaw's face. Shaw once again recognized her clear attempt to challenge him and his right to rule, and realized that Selene was not only more powerful than him, but also more ambitious.Selene did not stop there. After officially becoming the new Black Queen, she continuously found ways to slight Shaw's authority, such as openly listening to his private conversations, and using her magic to enter and exit his chambers as she pleased.Mocking Shaw's Little CeremonyShaw knew that it was only a matter of time before Selene made her move to end his reign, so he and Emma Frost conspired to kill Selene by training and manipulating the young mutant Firestar to assassinate her. Their plan failed when Firestar realized what they were plotting.In the aftermath of the Days of Future Past story arc in Uncanny X-Men The Past of Future Days, Selene and the Hellfire Club's relationship with the X-Men came to a crescendo with Rachel Summers making an unauthorized assassination attempt against Selene. Wolverine felt honor-bound to prevent Rachel from becoming a murderer and saved Selene's life by critically injuring Summers. Selene was enraged. She used the incident to force the Lords Cardinal to hunt and kill Rachel. A pitched battle commenced between the X-Men and Lords Cardinal but was unexpectedly halted when it drew the attention of Nimrod the Super-Sentinel, who then killed Selene's pawn von Rhoem. Nimrod next targeted both the X-Men and the Lords Cardinal. Both teams hastily agreed to a truce and fought well enough to cause Nimrod to flee, though at the cost of the life of Harry Leland, the Black Rook.After this battle, in the pages of New Mutants, much was made about Selene having secret plans involving Nova Roma and Magma. Due to her love for Empath, Magma left the New Mutants to join the Hellions, only to be called home by her father to enter into an arranged marriage with a resident there. Magma was escorted home to Nova Roma by Empath, who ultimately decided to remain in the city with her. The two became lovers and eventually Magma was freed from her betrothal so that she could be with him. Unknown to Magma, however, Selene was secretly manipulating events during the time that the New Mutants were being reorganized into X-Force.Return to Nova RomaEmpath revealed in New Warriors #31 that the history of Nova Roma was an elaborate lie, concocted by Selene several decades prior. In a desperate bid to recreate happier times from her days in ancient Rome, Selene arranged for numerous people to be kidnapped and taken to the jungles of the Amazon, to a city constructed per her designs, where she could brainwash them into believing themselves antecedents of ancient Roman emigrants living in the Amazon. Magma was one of these kidnapped and brainwashed souls. The city was abandoned and the residents returned to their previous lives across the globe. Years later, due to Chris Claremont wishing to undo writer Fabian Nieciza's dismantling of the concept of Nova Roma, Claremont ignored said story and wrote Magma as he had originally imagined her.He later had Magma offer cryptic references to having been manipulated into believing Nova Roma was a lie by parties unknown that sought to hurt Magma by taking away her childhood home. This was haphazardly followed up by later writers, who implied that Empath used his powers to either destroy the city by brainwashing the inhabitants into believing they were victims of Selene, or to brainwash the kidnapped victims and create the illusion of Nova Roma in the first place, as the pawn of Selene himself.Gamesmaster and UpstartsGamesmaster and UpstartsSelene's was the deciding vote to oust Sebastian Shaw from the Hellfire Club when tension between Shaw and the newly recruited White King Magneto came to blows. Unknown to Magneto or Emma Frost however, Selene had decided that she no longer had any need for the Club and began plotting its destruction. With help from the mutant omnipath called the Gamesmaster, she gathered a cadre of young mutants known as the Upstarts. Under Selene's authority, the Upstarts engaged in a competitive killing spree that led to many presumed deaths, including Magneto, Sebastian Shaw, Donald Pierce, and the Reavers; to mortal injuries to Emma Frost, and the outright deaths of the Hellions. Selene manipulated her young followers with the promise of a game where each murder committed would earn points that would ultimately lead to being granted a prize, which was described as "being the next best thing to immortality" by the Gamesmaster. However, with another writer change, Selene's involvement with the Upstarts was cut short as she herself was betrayed by Trevor Fitzroy. Selene was restrained in a torture device that continuously spooled her flesh from her body then restored her, only to begin the cycle anew. This garnered the attention of the Gamesmaster who took advantage of the situation to proclaim himself the new leader of the Upstarts. Selene would eventually be freed by Amanda Sefton, then of Excalibur, though the torture left her weak and scarred.Externals and X-ForceNeeding to replenish her power, Selene first attacked and killed the other surviving Externals. Though she was opposed by X-Force, she managed to complete the slaughter and defeat the mutants, until Cable's timely intervention. Selene's attempt to absorb Cable's life backfired when she touched his techno-organic arm and was forced to flee to maintain her power. Shortly afterwards, she attempted to access the power of a Celestial convergence using a Runestaff made from the roots of Yggdrasil, the World Tree of Norse cosmology. She arrived at the Exploding Colossal Man festival in New Mexico, but was again opposed by X-Force who managed to wrest the Runestaff from her and destroy the Colossal Man mannequin it animated. Selene missed her opportunity for power and vowed vengeance on X-Force.She next appeared back in Brazil, where she had tracked Sunspot along with Deviants posing as S.H.I.E.L.D. agents. She lured Sunspot to her defense, offering him a position of power in the Hellfire Club. He refused, regardless of the illusions with which she tempted him. However, Sunspot went along with Selene to stop the Deviants in the Damocles Foundation from activating a Celestial Gatherer. Selene was attacked by the S.W.O.R.D. strike team, but she managed to cast a spell that devolved them to lizards. With aid from X-Force, Selene was able to usurp control of the machinery that activated the Gatherer but Moonstar and Arcadia destroyed the Celestial artifact before Selene could access its power. Selene then returned to her post as the Black Queen of the Hellfire Club. After striking a deal with the demon Blackheart and exiling out the rest of the Inner Circle, she offered Sunspot the position of Black Rook, which he initially refused but accepted when Selene and Blackheart revealed that his doing so would allow them to resurrect the spirit of Juliana Sandoval, the girl who died saving Sunspot's life prior to his joining the New Mutants. Sunspot accepted Selene's invitation and became her protégé.Return to the Hellfire ClubThe New Hellfire ClubSelene was soon constrained to the catacombs beneath the Hellfire Club mansion by Margali Szardos and the Shadow Hunters. She gained limited mobility, however, from an alliance with Donald Pierce. When the X-Men, including Emma Frost and Rachel Summers, arrived during a membership change in the Hellfire Club, Selene plotted to use Rachel to completely free herself. She followed Rachel to Hong Kong via a transmat device and saved her from being corrupted by a telepathic agent of Courtney Ross, who was vying to become the next White Queen. This was only a prelude to Selene possessing Rachel's mind, but Marvel Girl proved too strong for Selene and expelled her, keeping Selene trapped for a time beneath the Hellfire Club headquartersM-DayIn the events following M-Day, Selene retained her powers. She befriended Wither in Mutant Town while in disguise as an old woman and informed him that his unrequited love, Wallflower, was dead. When Selene was attacked by the police, she killed two of the officers and prompted Wither to kill the third who was trying to escape. She then revealed herself as an immortal mutant and wished to be romantically linked with him.NecroshaIn her castle on GenoshaSelene's ancient lover Eliphas returned, calling himself Eli Bard, a rogue member of the Purifiers. He had originally intended to sacrifice the Purifiers to Selene but changed his mind upon witnessing Bastion re-program the progeny of Magus. He came before Selene at her headquarters in New Orleans with the deceased Apache tribe of her enemy Warpath, that he had resurrected using the Technarch Transmode Virus. Selene proclaimed she had no need of them but Bard corrected her; they were not his offering. He then presented the infected Caliban, whose powers can track any mutant upon the planet. Bard explained that he would use Caliban's powers to locate and re-animate dead mutants across the world, and then he graciously offered her their souls. She ordered Bard to resurrect several mutants associated with the X-Men, friend and foe alike, to invade Utopia with Blink in the lead. One of the resurrected mutants was Destiny, of whom Selene asks what her future portends.Selene then resurrects the Hellions and Shinobi Shaw to taunt Emma Frost and Sebastian Shaw, respectively, as she felt that they betrayed her during her time with the Hellfire Club. She commanded her Inner Circle to slaughter the entire New York branch of the Hellfire Club. Afterward, she traveled to Genosha and commanded Bard to resurrect the millions of mutants who died in Cassandra Nova's genocide years before. She then dubbed the island "Necrosha". The resurrected mutants then began to rebuild the capital. Selene needed only her Athame, the ceremonial dagger carved from the bones of her mother, in order to complete the blood ritual she had planned with Eliphas in Rome. However, in a twist the dagger had been appropriated by Warpath. Blaming Bard for his ineptitude, Selene dispatched her Inner Circle to Utopia to retrieve it.She is next seen with the resurrected Thunderbird and Frost's former pupil Negasonic Teenage Warhead discussing the fate of her disciples. As Selene concludes the conversation, her Inner Circle returns with both the Athame and Warpath in custody. Bard proceeded to implore Selene's forgiveness for his betrayal those many lifetimes ago while proclaiming his undying love. Selene regarded him endearingly, at first, then admitting that Eliphas had always been her true love and also her greatest disappointment. With that scathing reprimand still on her lips, she stabbed Eliphas through the heart with her ceremonial dagger, to the great delight of her current lover Wither.The Death of SeleneAthame in hand, she consolidated her re-animated army to contend with X-Force, who was coming to finish the battle, and Selene. With X-Force occupied against the attacking dead, Selene summons her Inner Circle to commence the ritual that will at long last transform her into the dark goddess she had long desired to be.The ritual succeeded as the resurrected mutants physically disintegrate, their silvery-blue essence coalescing, drawn towards the epicenter of Necrosha, and Selene herself. At the end of the issue, Warpath confirms that she has indeed become a goddess - but she is not invincible, as Warpath was told by his dead bother Thunderbird a way to destroy her. With the aid of his team, he impaled the dark goddess with her own Athame, ironically fulfilling her destiny to ascend her physical form as she exploded with her accumulated life energy.ReturnPowersSelene's shadow form (seen in three story arc's)Selene is considered both a mutant and a powerful sorceress. She possesses a wide range of superhuman abilities, but it has never been clearly defined which are a result of mutation and which are skills derived from magic or other sources.Selene's primary power is to psionically drain others of their lifeforce energy, absorbing their essence into herself. Selene is a "psychic vampire" with the ability to sustain herself by psionically expropriating the life energy of other living beings through physical contact. Should she absorb the totality of her victim's life, that person decays and crumbles to dust in seconds. When Selene drains only a portion of the victim's life energy, she assumes a measure of psychic control over her victim's mind, thereby subverting them to her will. Through unknown means, Selene can transform another into a psychic vampire like herself, but be subordinate to Selene's own will.Selene's continued vitality and youthful appearance are contingent upon her absorbing the life energy of one or more persons on a regular basis. This restores Selene to a youthful and healthy appearance whenever she has been injured, or has over-exerted her other powers, as well as to sustain her centuries-long life. As a side-effect of this process, Selene experiences the life and memories of whomever she consumes. Although she does so by physically touching her victim, the process is psionic.Selene metabolizes the absorbed energy that sustains her to enhance her physical strength and durability, speed, agility, stamina, and reaction time to superhuman levels. The degree of energy she retains from her victims directly correlates to her physical strength and resistance to injury. She can momentarily move at superhuman speeds, though doing so requires a considerable energy expenditure and can cause her to age rapidly and require additional life energy immediately. It is not known how often Selene must absorb another's life essence in order to survive at baseline.She appears to be immune to most forms of conventional injury, as she has survived impalement with both knife and crossbow bolt through the heart with no apparent pain or lasting effect. While not indestructible, she has survived and completely recovered from molecular dispersion, although it required considerable time and effort to resurrect herself.Selene's most direct weapon is the psychokinetic power to manipulate inorganic matter by projecting part of her absorbed lifeforce into it. She can affect nearly anything on a molecular level that is within her line of sight, and can warp and alter the molecules of the inanimate object to her caprice, causing objects to wrap around and constrict others, creating lifelike humanoid constructs to combat her opponents, or simply reducing objects to dust. She can use this power in more standard ways, such as the creation of powerful psi-shields and levitation but cannot truly fly. She can also control and manipulate fire in a variety of ways, although she cannot conjure the fire herself. Whether this is a facet of her psychokinesis or a separate power is unclear.Selene possesses formidable psychic powers with which she can to blend her own psychic signature into the background thoughts around her, making her difficult for other psionics to locate or track. She can also project substantial telepathic defenses, potent psi-bolts of psionic energy, telepathic commands, and can alter the minds of others to initiate a sort of paralysis of the mind. She often uses telepathy to induce a hypnotic trance in witnesses in order to manipulate them or to slip away at superhuman speed, leaving them with the impression that she simply vanished. She can survive unaided on the astral planes in astral form. Selene is not as telepathically powerful as some other high-order psi's such as Charles Xavier, Jean Grey, Emma Frost, or Elizabeth Braddock and she is vulnerable to psionic attack should she be located.Selene possesses considerable sorcerous abilities and extensive knowledge of the arts arcane, enabling her to cast and counteract a variety spells and rituals. While the full extent of Selene's magical skills is unknown, her greatly extended lifespan has given her sufficient time and experience to be considered a threat to Kulan Gath.In more recent appearances, Selene has been depicted as a being of semi-substantial living darkness with the ability to appear and disappear at will and, similar to Blackheart, imprison people in the dark energy which appears to comprise her physical form. Selene has been shown to manipulate darkness and transform into darkness, such as a dark mist or cloud, or manifesting tendrils of darkness while remaining partially intangible.CharacteristicsHeight: 5'10''Weight: 130lbsHair: BlackEyes: Dark blue (apparently)Alternate RealitiesIn an alternate reality, New York was changed into medieval-like era by Ghost Rider. Selene was released from a black marble to kill a shopkeeper who heard of Spider-Man, who hadn't been changed by the spell. This presented a problem, as people would start to see the truth. In this reality, Selene was well enough known to thoroughly scare the shopkeeper just by looking at her. She was also referred to as the Black Queen. When the Exiles were being attacked by some of the Ghost Rider's guards, Selene used her powers to phase them through the floor. She retrieved the talisman that Ghost Rider used in order to revert New York to its previous state.New Mutants ForeverIn Chris Claremont's re-imagining of the New Mutants, Selene was more of an antihero, the result of her time aiding in the teaching of the New Mutants. She teamed up with the New Mutants to save her granddaughter Amara from the Red Skull. Unfortunately, Amara had been brainwashed and freeing her from the Skull's influence would be more difficult than she had originally anticipated. During a fight against Amara and an altered Cypher, Selene was injected with a drug that would systematically transform her into one of the Skull's servants but before the transformation was complete, a man in Nova Roma who was still loyal to Selene offered his life to her. She accepted with the promise to rid Nova Roma of the Skull's tyranny and honor his memory. Their lips meet and he was reduced to a withered husk, his life-energy transferred to Selene. She returned to her normal imposing extravagance, vitality surging through her body. Satiated, Selene returns her focus and attention toward Nova Roma and her granddaughter.Other MediaTelevisionAnimatedWolverine and the X-MenWolverine and the X-MenSelene was a member of the Inner Circle, with aims to release the Phoenix from Jean Grey. She and the Stepford Cuckoos fulfill the role Mastermind played in the original Dark Phoenix Saga. She often argues with Emma Frost and is dubious about her loyalty to the club. She confessed to Scott that Emma and her Cuckoos were responsible for the mysterious explosion at the Institute that separated Jean from Scott and also stated that Emma betrayed the Club in her love for Scott. Selene was voiced by April Stewart.Video GamesSelene also made a few appearances in a few Marvel-based computer and video games. Her first appearance was in the 1992 game Spider-Man/X-Men Arcades Revenge, where she was mechanically duplicated in gigantic form and was the final boss of Gambit's level. A clip can be found here. The Black Queen's second game appearance was in Marvel's 1994 effort Wolverine: Adamantium Rage, where she must battle Wolverine; she is seen using her traditional powers of inorganic telekinesis and pyrokinesis. A a clip can be found here. Her most updated appearance was In 2005's X-Men Legends 2: Rise of Apocalypse where Selene (voiced by Jeannie Elias) appears as a NPC character that had been taken captive by Apocalypse, and is to be rescued by the X-Men. A clip is here.Marvel: Avengers AllianceMarvel: Avengers AllianceSelene is a recurring villain in the game, making her debut in Season 2, Chapter 1: Excalibur.Her bio says: Selene Gallio can psionically drain the life force of others, rejuvenating herself and controlling her victim's mind. She has used this power to live for thousands of years, all the while cultivating her mastery of dark sorcery.X-Men: Battle of The AtomX-Men: Battle of the AtomEmma is featured in the mobile card game "X-Men: Battle of the Atom" based on the comic book story with the same name. Her cards are:[Apocalypse's Chosen] Selene[Black Queen] Selene[Death Goddess] SeleneSelene's Inner Circle Font-sizeParagraphHeader 4Header 3Header 2 Quote Link Img Table TweetClean sizeSMLpositionLCRUDchangeCreditDeletesizeSMpositionLRUDchangetitle 1title 2captiondelete×Edit Image TitleTitle: ×Embed ImageWhat size image should we insert? (This will not affect the original upload) Small Medium How do you want the image positioned around text? 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Dwight Eisenhower on War & Peace | |
By saying that, Eisenhower did something that he did rarely--he alarmed the nation. Whatever was meant by "tactical" nuclear weapons, the public was not likely to discern much difference between the bomb dropped on Hiroshima and a thermonuclear device capable of obliterating entire cities.
Since leaving office, Ike was still beloved; and when it came to questions of war and peace, no one spoke with more authority. So it was something of a surprise when the former president in 1966 said, "I'd take any action to win" in Vietnam, adding that he would not "automatically preclude anything," including automatic weapons. That was enough to set off multiple alarms.
A few days later he said, "This is silly. How could you use nuclear weapons in Vietnam?" But at the core of Ike's "clarification" was something more interesting than a rejection of nuclear weaponry. What he did say was that the US needed to end the war quickly because otherwise "it will grow in costs, both in money & lives, and the nation's morale will be lowered."
We must expect British and French intervention. In fact, they appear to be ready for it and may even have concerted their action with the Israelis.
Under the 1950 agreement the US was pledged to support the victim of an aggression in the Middle East. The only honorable course was to carry out that pledge.
"The prestige of the US and the British is involved in the developments in the Middle East," I said. "I feel it is incumbent upon both of us to redeem our world about supporting any victim of aggression. Last spring, when we declined to give arms to Israel and to Egypt, we said that our word was enough."
The whole design of the defense against Communism could not be completed with guns alone. For freedom was menaced by the poverty that Communism exploits. We could not fight poverty with guns.
During the next few days I had ample occasion to reflect at length on Berlin. I had lived with this problem intermittently for the past 13 years. Inevitably, despite intimate acquaintance with it, the question kept coming back to me: "How, or rather why did the Free World get into this mess? How did we every accept a situation in which our only feasible response to an attack on a 13,000-man garrison surrounded by numerous Communist divisions would likely mean the initiation of WWIII?
With the desire for peace to universally and deeply felt, the obvious question is "Why do wars occur?" The answer is not to be found in peoples themselves (save where they have been deliberately misled), but in the blind arrogance and conflicting ambitions of governments, especially those whose philosophy is essentially hostile to others and whose objective is nakedly imperialistic.
But in the meantime, there were moves we could make. It was silly, for example, to continue to give Cuba favored treatment regarding its sugar exports. A proclamation was issued cutting the 1960 quota by 700,000 short tons. (Later I set the quota for the first three months of 1961 at zero). "This action," I remarked on the day I signed, "amounts to economic sanctions against Cuba. Now we must look ahead to other moves--economic, diplomatic, strategic."
The only answer to a regime that wages total cold war is to wage total peace. This means bringing to bear every asset of our personal and national lives upon the task of building the conditions in which security and peace can grow.
Only a brief time back, we were spending at the rate of only about $1 million dollars a year on long range ballistic missiles. In 1957 we spent more than $1 billion on the Arias, Titan, Thor, Jupiter, and Polaris programs alone. But gratifying though this rate of progress is, we must still do more! Our real problem, then, is not our strength today; it is rather the vital necessity of action today to ensure our strength tomorrow.
LBJ: What do you think we ought to do in Vietnam?
KNIGHT: I never thought we belonged there. I think President Kennedy thought at one time that we were overcommitted in that area.
LBJ: Well, I opposed it in '54. But we're there now, and there's one of three things you can do. You can run, or you can fight, as we are doing, or you can sit down and agree to neutralize all of it. But nobody is going to neutralize North Vietnam, so that's totally impractical. And so it really boils down to one of two decisions: getting in or getting out.
The administration is giving immediate increased attention to the development of additional Republic of Korea forces. The citizens of that country have proved their capacity as fighting men and their eagerness to take a greater share in the defense of their homeland. Organization, equipment, and training will allow them to do so. Increased assistance to Korea for this purpose conforms fully to our global policies.


text:
Here's the .zip file for the Personal Flight Recorder project from the Maker Workshop in Episode 9 of Make: television. Check out the PDFfor full instructions on how to build your own Personal Flight Recorder. Share your questions or comments in the comments section below.
Watch the Maker Workshop – Personal Flight Recorder segment.
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Construction Equipment Guide
470 Maryland Drive
Fort Washington, PA 19034
Mon June 20, 2011 - National Edition
In a landmark case that has major implications for certification organizations nationwide, the National Commission for the Certification of Crane Operators (NCCCO) recently prevailed in a lawsuit brought against it in California Superior Court by California Crane School (CCS) and its owner, John Nypl. After deliberating for less than one day, a 12-member jury returned a complete defense verdict for NCCCO, awarding CCS and Nypl nothing.
In the suit, Nypl claimed that NCCCO and its testing services provider, International Assessment Institute (IAI), intentionally interfered with certain business relationships of CCS and Nypl, with the intention of causing them harm. Nypl sought more than $5 million in damages.
"NCCCO vigorously defended this action in the firm knowledge and belief that its treatment of CCS and Mr. Nypl has been fair and appropriate," stated NCCCO President John M. Kennedy. "The decision of the jury in favor of NCCCO is a vindication of the steps NCCCO was obliged to take to prevent damage to the quality and integrity that has become a hallmark of CCO certification over the past fifteen years."
CCS and Nypl originally demanded more than $30 million from NCCCO. The plaintiffs filed their initial complaints in Oakland and Nevada City, Calif., but NCCCO filed successful motions to transfer the litigation to Sonora. The original case also asserted claims for alleged violations of California's antitrust and unfair competition laws, but those claims were thrown out before trial. Eventually, the case went to trial only on two surviving claims for alleged business interference.
"Whenever there is evidence of inappropriate conduct by firms or individuals who desire to participate in CCO certification programs, NCCCO has an obligation to ensure they comply with all prevailing policies and procedures," said NCCCO Executive Director Graham Brent. "To do otherwise could undermine the integrity of CCO certification and put at risk those who rely on it to mitigate the hazards associated with working around cranes."
Last year, in a separate action brought by NCCCO, a federal judge found that CCS and Nypl were in civil contempt for violating
This suit is actually the third that NCCCO and CCS have been involved in.
According to NCCCO, in the first suit, brought by NCCCO against Nypl and California Crane School in federal court in 2005, NCCCO asserted that Nypl paid an examiner to obtain copies of questions from NCCCO's confidential written examinations, and that CCS used the confidential information in its test preparation materials. NCCCO discovered that its examinations had been misappropriated when a whistle-blower, who worked for CCS, turned over various materials to NCCCO. The materials included NCCCO's confidential exam questions and answers, as well as some of CCS's training materials that incorporated NCCCO's confidential information (even down to typographical errors). As a result, NCCCO filed the first lawsuit in 2005 with legal claims including copyright infringement, unfair competition, and misappropriation of trade secrets.
Nypl and CCS quickly agreed to settle the lawsuit and to accept entry of a Stipulated Permanent Injunction against them. As part of the Settlement Agreement, Nypl and CCS agreed to return the examination materials to NCCCO and to pay $25,000 to NCCCO. In addition, the Stipulated Permanent Injunction prohibited Nypl, CCS, and their representatives from using the "CCO" acronym in any form without express written permission, among other things. Later, NCCCO discovered that Nypl and CCS had continued to use the "CCO" acronym in at least 14 domain names, some of which were also set up to re-direct Internet users to CCS' main website.
In the second suit, filed in 2008, the same federal judge from the first suit found that Nypl and CCS had breached the previous Settlement Agreement and violated the Stipulated Permanent Injunction. Among other things, the judge ordered them to pay nearly $300,000 to NCCCO as a penalty for their contempt of court, and the judge entered a final judgment that NCCCO was the prevailing party. So far, Nypl and CCS have refused to pay that penalty and are appealing the judgment.
In the third suit, brought this time in state court by Nypl and CCS, a 12-member jury found in favor of NCCCO after a four-week trial in Sonora, Calif. In the Sonora case several claims made by CCS, including claims under the Cartwright Act, were dismissed by the judge at an earlier stage of the case, and then the jury decided the remaining claims in favor of NCCCO.


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GUS G. Releases 'My Will Be Done' Solo Video
Guitar virtuoso Gus G., well known in rock and metal circles for his work as Ozzy Osbourne's guitarist and as leader of his own band FIREWIND, has set a March 18, 2014 release date for his debut solo album, "I Am The Fire", in North America. The CD will be released internationally on Century Media Records, and will come out March 17 in Europe.
A first song from the album can now be heard via the video for the album's opening track, "My Will Be Done" (featuring Mats Levén), which was produced by Patric Ullaeus of Revolver Film Company, who has previously worked with DIMMU BORGIR, LACUNA COIL, IN FLAMES, SONIC SYNDICATE and KAMELOT, among others.
Says Gus G. of the song and album: "I hope you all enjoy the first taste of things to come.
"'My Will Be Done' is a cool rock track with a modern edge to it...
"Looking back, I can't believe all the great musicians that got on board for this album. Everybody brought in their unmistakable style and talent and they really lifted the songs! Check it out and enjoy the music!"
Gus G. will attend the 2014 NAMM convention, which runs January 23-26 in Anaheim, California. In addition to signing sessions at ESP Guitars (January 24 at 2 p.m.) and Blackstar Amps (January 25, 1 p.m.), Gus will also appear as guest at the Randy Rhoads Remembered tribute concert at The Observatory in Santa Ana on January 25. Other guests include Nuno Bettencourt (EXTREME, RIHANNA), Phil Demmel (MACHINE HEAD), Marty Friedman, Ron "Bumblefoot" Thal (GUNS N' ROSES) and more.
Gus handles all guitar, bass and keyboards on "I Am The Fire", and is joined by a roster of friends and guests that help bring his vision to fruition: drummers Jeff Friedl (A PERFECT CIRCLE, PUSCIFER, DEVO) and Daniel Erlandsson (ARCH ENEMY), bassists David Ellefson (MEGADETH), Billy Sheehan (MR. BIG, DAVID LEE ROTH) and Marty O'Brien (TOMMY LEE, WE ARE THE FALLEN, LITA FORD), and vocalists Mats Levén (CANDLEMASS, ex-YNGWIE MALMSTEEN, THERION), Blake Allison (DEVOUR THE DAY), Michael Starr (STEEL PANTHER), Alexia Rodriguez (EYES SET TO KILL), Tom S. Englund (EVERGREY), Jacob Bunton (ADLER) and Jeff Scott Soto (TRANS-SIBERIAN ORCHESTRA, TALISMAN, ex-JOURNEY, YNGWIE MALMSTEEN).
"I Am The Fire" was mixed by Jay Ruston (ANTHRAX, STONE SOUR, STEEL PANTHER) and was recorded between Los Angeles and Gus' home country of Greece through the latter half of 2013. A few of the album's tracks include "Eyes Wide Open", "Redemption", "End Of The Line" and "Blame It On Me". The album showcases a well-balanced mix of active rock, classic hard rock, traditional metal and guitar-driven instrumentals, taking listeners on a diverse journey and opening doors to Gus G.'s soulful playing.
The album's first commercial single — title track, "I Am The Fire" — will be released digitally February 25 in North America.
Gus G. has had an amazing rise within the worldwide rock and metal scenes and has amassed an impressive body of work, both in studio and touring. He emerged as an up-and-coming talent with the groups DREAM EVIL (Sweden), MYSTIC PROPHECY (Germany) and NIGHTRAGE (Greece), but it is his work with his own band FIREWIND (who have released seven studio albums and two live releases) and as a member of Ozzy Osbourne's band that have helped him emerge as one of the world's top metal and rock guitarists. His work on Ozzy's "Scream" album led to a Grammy nomination in 2010, and his list of accolades includes Guitar Player magazine's "Best Metal Guitarist," the "Dimebag Darrell Shredder" award at the Metal Hammer Golden Gods Awards, and Metal Hammer Greece "Best Guitarist" on four separate occasions.


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The Clubsplosion Begins!
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The Clubsplosion Begins! (Japanese: ドンナマイト開幕!ズルッグVSヤナッキー!! The Donamite Gets Underway! Zuruggu VS Yanakkie!!) is the 70th episode of Pokémon the Series: Black & White, and the 727th episode of the Pokémon anime. It first aired in Japan on March 15, 2012 and in the United States on July 14, 2012.
As our heroes arrive with their friend Stephan at Pokémon Battle Club Stadium for Don George's Clubsplosion Tournament, they soon discover that many of their rivals are there to compete as well: Bianca, Trip, Burgundy, and Georgia!
Stephan takes down his first-round opponent without much trouble—but after the battle, he gets into a heated exchange with another competitor named Montgomery, whose impressive Throh tries to pick a fight with Stephan's Sawk. Cilan is victorious in his first battle as well, much to Burgundy's dismay.
Ash and Scraggy go up against Angus and his Simisage, and things look dire when Simisage pins Scraggy down and unleashes a relentless series of kicks—but then, under pressure, Scraggy learns how to use Focus Blast! The tide turns quickly, and Ash wins!
Next up, Iris and Burgundy are about to face off in the fourth match. Will it be the aspiring Dragon Master or the Pokémon Connaisseuse who moves on? Find out next time!
Ash and his friends are on their way to Ambiga Town for the upcoming Clubsplosion tournament with Stephan. Ash states that would be great training for his seventh Gym match, so he decides to enter. Iris and Cilan also decide to enter. Suddenly, Bianca rushes in, knocking Ash and Pikachu into a canal before coming to a stop on Stephan's chest. Cilan dries Pikachu while Ash dries himself which the two aren't so happy about. Bianca apologizes, explaining that she was in a hurry to sign up for the tournament. Ash tells Bianca they were just on their way to the Clubsplosion tournament as well, so all five Trainers head to the stadium where it is being held.
There, they run into Ash's other rival, Trip. Bianca eagerly asks what kind of Pokémon he will enter with and he sends out Conkeldurr. After scanning it with the Pokédex, Ash concludes that Trip must have evolved Gurdurr since he last saw it during the Club Battle. Stephan states that many Trainers enter the Clubsplosion tournament with Fighting-type Pokémon due to their intense passion for combat. Ash seems surprised and Trip begins taunting him for not knowing that. When Ash tries to confront him, Conkeldurr gets in his way. Trip returns Conkeldurr to its Poké Ball, then leaves the group before Iris remarks what a kid he is. Stephan announces he plans to use Sawk and Ash settles on using his own Fighting type, Scraggy.
Moments later, Cilan and Stephan hear a familiar voice from behind and turn to see Burgundy. Cilan looks pleasantly surprised to see her and asks if she'll be entering the tournament as well. She affirms it and also says that as a Connaisseuse she will battle and win against him this time. Cilan asks if she manage to increase her level and she replies glumly that she's still a C-class. She goes on the defensive, saying that she was too busy with training to study for another Connoisseur's test. Cilan says that it's a shame, which only angers Burgundy, causing her to stick her tongue out at him before leaving. Iris, Ash, and Bianca also hear a familiar voice and look up to see Georgia. She knew that Iris would want to participate in the Clubsplosion tournament, which is why she entered earlier so she could defeat her. The two get into a petty argument before Georgia breaks it off and leaves, vowing that she'd show Iris what a real Dragon Buster can do. Iris only refers to her as another pain but Cilan thinks the mixture of different personalities makes for a good flavor. Ash also says that things will be interesting from here on out.
Soon, the tournament opens up and the participants all gather in the stadium. Freddy O'Martian welcomes everyone and introduces the manager of the Battle Club, Don George. Don George explains that the winner of the Clubsplosion tournament will receive a year's supply of Vitamins, containing HP Up, Calcium, Zinc, Carbos, Protein, and Iron. He gives words of encouragement before opening the Clubsplosion tournament officially. Freddy O'Martian calls for everyone's attention to the screen and then announces the first round match-ups. They are Stephan and Edmund first, Flora and Cilan second, Angus and Ash third, Burgundy and Iris fourth, Betty and Getty fifth, Gail and Georgia sixth, Montgomery and Delbert seventh, with Trip and Bianca being the final match.
After Freddy O'Martian announces he will give live coverage of the battles while Don George will commentate, the first battle gets underway; the gloomy rain man named Edmund and the brawny young man who loves heated battles named Stephan. However, Stephan is annoyed that Freddy and the audience are pronouncing his name incorrectly. Suddenly, dark clouds appear in the sky and rain begins to fall. Edmund's frown turns into a smile while Freddy announces that it is known to rain every time Edmund battles. Stephan is the first to send out his Pokémon for the tournament, Sawk. Upon his appearance, Montgomery takes notice immediately. Next Edmund sends out his Pokémon, Seismitoad. The referee signals for the battle to start and Stephan is the first to make a move. He commands Sawk to start with Karate Chop. However, Seismitoad quickly dodges the attack.
In an unsettling tone, Edmund explains that Seismitoad's Ability is Swift Swim which increases its speed when it rains. He commands Seismitoad to use Drain Punch which hits Sawk in the face dead on before he has a chance to dodge it. Sawk is sent flying and crashes along the field but quickly recovers. In order to slow Seismitoad down, Stephan tells Sawk to use Low Sweep. But first he has to dodge a barrage of Mud Shot attacks coming from his opponent. He is successful and lands his Low Sweep right on Seismitoad's left leg, causing it to cry out in pain. Afterwards, Edmund tells Seismitoad to attack with Brick Break and it slams its arm right into Sawk's gut which he also recovers quickly from. The two Pokémon become locked in combat using Karate Chop and Brick Break on one another. However, Edmund notices that Seismitoad is moving slower than usual and asks what's wrong. That's when he finally notices the wound on its leg caused by Sawk's Low Sweep. Before he can do anything about it, Stephan decides to wrap up the battle and tells Sawk to use Bulk Up followed by Close Combat. Seismitoad remains standing after the attack but falls down unable to battle seconds later. Sawk appears triumphant and the clouds in the sky disappear letting the sun shine through. Stephan is declared the winner and the entire audience begins cheering for him, pronouncing his name incorrectly, causing him to yell out that they are pronouncing it wrong.
Stephan and Sawk join the other competitors in the balcony of the stadium as Cilan prepares for his match. Ash remarks that Sawk is an incredible fighter. Stephan explains that he and Sawk go through rigorous training together, in the hot sun, the freezing snow, and even the pouring rain. Sawk shows off the result of his training by flexing his muscles which charms Bianca. She reveals that she loves Pokémon with muscles and asks Stephan if she could poke Sawk's. He agrees and she pokes at one of Sawk's brachialis muscles causing her to go into a fit of giggles. Stephan looks cocky afterwards saying that Sawk is the best there is. A voice from behind remarks that by his looks, he would not make it pass the second round. Immediately, Stephan whips around angrily and sees Montgomery standing behind him, Poké Ball in hand. Montgomery says that he should not go around saying Sawk is the best until he has defeated his Pokémon. He opens his Poké Ball and a Throh emerges. Bianca was also interested in poking Throh's muscles but Montgomery would not allow her to. He calls for Throh to follow him while passing Stephan and the others. Intentionally or not, the Judo Pokémon bumps his shoulder into the Karate Pokémon's, causing the latter to become angry. But his Trainer calms him down and Montgomery and Throh leave the scene. Stephan remarks that things are becoming interesting.
Meanwhile on the battlefield, Cilan has already begun his battle with Flora. He has chosen Pansage for the tournament while she has chosen Gothorita. Pansage is commanded to use Bite but Gothorita dodges then counterattacks with Double Slap. Burgundy goes into a rage and starts yelling at Cilan not to lose just yet as she wanted to be the one to defeat him later on. Cilan assures her that he will not lose and announces that it's "evaluating time". Everyone seems excited about it except for Iris. Cilan tells Flora that Gothorita excels in both speed and technique but wasn't sure of its power. Pansage's eyes glow yellow and Cilan commands him to use Solar Beam and Flora tells Gothorita to counter with Psyshock. The two attacks colliding causes the field to become covered in a dust cloud. Cilan takes advantage of the situation and tells Pansage to use Dig. He is able to land a sneak attack on Gothorita and it is knocked out of the tournament. Cilan and Pansage smile and wave to the cheering audience while Burgundy is annoyed that he's being so "cocky" about the win.
Ash prepares for the third battle. He gives Scraggy some words of encouragement, but Angus claims that his Simisage will not lose against him. Right after some encouragement given from his friends, the referee starts the battle and Ash tells Scraggy to use Leer on Simisage. However, Angus's appearance confuses Scraggy and he uses the attack on the Trainer instead of the Pokémon. Angus isn't fazed at all, combs his pompadour and then commands Simisage to attack with Seed Bomb. Simisage throws the Seed Bomb at Scraggy but he quickly dodges it. It is instructed to use Low Sweep once Scraggy lands but Ash tells him to guard himself. Scraggy pulls up his saggy "pants" which acts as a shield against Simisage's attack. Angus tells Simisage to attack with Shadow Claw which stretches across the ground to Scraggy but he dodges that attack as well. After another dodge and miss on both parts, Angus is determined to make the next move land. Again, Simisage gets ready to use Low Sweep again but this time steps on Scraggy's pants so he can't move and lands the hit directly and he is sent across the field. Angus does not wish to give him a chance to recover and tells Simisage to attack with Giga Impact. However, Scraggy counters with High Jump Kick which lands right on Simisage's face which sends it flying backwards.
Seeing how well it worked, Ash tells Scraggy to use High Jump Kick again. This time though, Simisage dodges it and Scraggy bashes his knee into the ground, causing him to wallow in pain from the crash damage. Using it to his advantage, Angus tells Simisage to use Low Sweep repeatedly on the downed Scraggy. Ash's friends are worried that Ash will lose at this right while Axew cannot stand to watch it go on. Finally Angus decides to end the battle by having Simisage attack with one last Giga Impact. Ash cries out to Scraggy begging him to focus himself. Suddenly, a ball of energy begins to form is Scraggy hands and he is able to ward off Simisage's Giga Impact. He was starting to learn Focus Blast, which surprises his Trainer. Off the field, Iris and Pikachu praise Scraggy while Axew watches on proudly. Once again, Simisage is sent flying and Ash tells Scraggy to finish it with another Focus Blast. However the move swerves uncontrollably before disappearing altogether, revealing that Scraggy cannot aim it properly. Not even flinching at the failed move, Scraggy runs up to Simisage and Leers at it which drop its defenses. Then he wraps it up with one final Headbutt knocking out his opponent. Angus is shocked by the outcome and his pompadour goes flat. Meanwhile Ash and Scraggy celebrate while Iris, Pikachu, and Axew cheer for Scraggy's learning of Focus Blast. She realizes that it's her turn to battle.
The fourth match gets underway and the battlers are on the field; the wild child who is one with nature, Iris, against the "evaluating princess" and Pokémon Connaisseuse, Burgundy. Both girls soon send out their Pokémon and Excadrill and Dewott appear on the field. Seeing Iris use Excadrill instead of Dragon-type Pokémon causes Georgia to go into a fit but Iris tells her it's part of her strategy. The Dragon Buster says she would not forgive Iris if she lost now. Meanwhile, Burgundy tells Cilan to watch the battle carefully to see how strong she has become and he tells her that he looks forwards to it.
Major events
- Ash, his friends, and Stephan arrive in Ambiga Town and reunite with Bianca, Burgundy, Georgia, and Trip, all entering the Clubsplosion.
- Trip and Bianca meet each other for the first time.
- Trip's Gurdurr is revealed to have evolved into Conkeldurr.
- Stephan and Cilan defeat Edmund and Flora, respectively, advancing to the second round.
- Ash's Scraggy learns Focus Blast, although it is not perfected.
- Ash defeats Angus and advances to the second round.
- Iris and Burgundy begin their battle.
- For a list of all major events in the anime, please see the history page.
Pokémon debuts
TV episode debuts
- Ash
- Iris
- Cilan
- Don George
- Trip
- Bianca
- Burgundy
- Stephan
- Georgia
- Freddy O'Martian
- Montgomery
- Edmund
- Flora
- Angus
- Betty
- Getty
- Gail
- Delbert
- Referee
Who's That Pokémon?: Conkeldurr (U.S. and international) Simisage (Japan)
- Pikachu (Ash's)
- Axew (Iris's)
- Scraggy (Ash's)
- Excadrill (Iris's)
- Pansage (Cilan's)
- Gurdurr (Trip's; flashback)
- Conkeldurr (Trip's; debut)
- Dewott (Burgundy's)
- Sawk (Stephan's)
- Throh (Montgomery's)
- Simisage (Angus's; debut)
- Gothorita (Flora's)
- Seismitoad (Edmund's)
- Timburr (fantasy)
- Pignite (fantasy)
- Mienfoo (fantasy)
- Gurdurr (fantasy)
- Scrafty (fantasy)
- Sawk (fantasy)
- Professor Oak's Pokémon Live Caster: Bouffalant
- Professor Oak presents a trailer for the fifteenth movie as well as some additional promotions instead of the usual Professor Oak's Pokémon Live Caster.
- Iris and Georgia narrate the preview for the next episode.
- This episode begins the four-part Clubsplosion arc.
- Iris breaks the fourth wall close to the end of the episode by shoving a split-screen featuring Georgia away.
- While Bianca is fawning over Montgomery's Throh, the shading on her hair flashes to gray multiple times.
- During the final shot of all of the Clubsplosion competitors, the side of Throh's nose is colored red instead of black, and Scraggy's arms are colored orange.
- During Stephan's battle against Edmund, Sawk was seen using five different moves during his battle against Seismitoad instead of only four.
- In the Polish dub, the HP Up is omitted when the Vitamin drinks are introduced, thus other Vitamins are referred to as Max Calcium, Zinc, etc.
Dub edits
- In the original Japanese version, Montgomery says that his Throh will make the entire competition deplore him, which causes Bianca to laugh, thinking that he was making a pun using "ナゲキ (Nageki)", Throh's Japanese name, and "嘆く (nageku)", the Japanese word for "deplore". In the English dub, she mistakes his comment "they don't want to be thrown by Throh" for a pun instead.
In other languages
Language | Title | |
Mandarin Chinese | 東·喬治格鬥大會開幕!滑頭小子對花椰猿!! | |
Danish | Klubsplosionen begynder! | |
Dutch | Het Explodon Toernooi Begint! | |
Finnish | Ottelupamaus alkaa! | |
European French | Que le Donamite commence ! | |
German | Großer Krach beim Explodon-Turnier! | |
Greek | Το Τουρνουά Ντοναμίτης Αρχίζει! | |
Italian | Ha inizio il torneo Donamite! | |
Korean | 돈너마이트 개막! 곤율랭 VS 야나키! | |
Norwegian | Klubbsplosjonen begynner! | |
Polish | Pora na Kluboeksplozję! | |
Portuguese | Brazil | Começa o Clube-Explosão! |
Portugal | Começa o Clubestrondo! | |
Russian | Донамит начинается! | |
Spanish | Latin America | ¡La Clubexplosión Comienza! |
Spain | ¡Comienza el Clubombazo! | |
Swedish | Klubbsplosionen kan börja! | |
Thai | เปิดศึกดอนนาไมท์! ซุรุกกุ ปะทะ ยานักกี!! | |
Vietnamese | Giải đấu Donamite bắt đầu Zuruggu đối đầu Yanakkie! | |
This episode article is part of Project Anime, a Bulbapedia project that covers all aspects of the Pokémon anime. |
- Pokémon the Series: Black & White episodes
- Episodes focusing on Ash
- Episodes focusing on Stephan
- Episodes written by Yukiyoshi Ōhashi
- Episodes storyboarded and directed by Kazuomi Koga
- Episodes storyboarded by Kazuomi Koga
- Episodes directed by Kazuomi Koga
- Episodes animated by Kunihiko Natsume
- Episodes in which a main character's Pokémon learns a new move


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text:
Duke countersues Jackson
Duke Energy has fired back at Jackson County's attempt to seize the Dillsboro Dam with a counterclaim of its own.
Duke claims that it is the victim of abuse of process by the county and is seeking damages.
Despite the county's claims that it wants the dam and adjacent river shore to create a park, Duke alleges that Jackson has an "ulterior purpose." Jackson County has long been an opponent of dam removal, fighting tooth and nail to save the dam before the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Seizing the dam through eminent domain was seen as a trump card and last resort held by the county.
Duke argues the condemnation move is "solely for the purpose of interfering with and circumventing" dam demolition, not a true desire to create a park. Duke claims the county has "willfully misused" its condemnation powers.
Duke further took issue with the miserly sum of $1 Jackson County has offered to pay for the property it hopes to seize. The county would be required to compensate Duke for the monetary value of the dam and shoreline property if condemnation is successful. The county argues that $1 is sufficient, since Duke would be saved the trouble and expense of tearing it down, an undertaking that would have cost more than $1 million. That savings should more than suffice as the monetary compensation Jackson would otherwise owe Duke, the suit argues.
Duke said the snub is "further evidence of the county's bad faith and improper purpose for bringing this action."
Duke's counterclaim filed last week seeks an unspecified sum covering attorneys' fees and monetary damages.


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As Adam Wagner reports, the family courts have just published a Guide to Media Access and Reporting. It was produced in conjunction with the Judicial College and the Society of Editors and was written by two barristers, Adam Wolanski and Kate Wilson.
The report is really handy and readable, and will be invaluable to any journalists (or even bloggers...) wanting to understand how to gain access to family law proceedings, and what they can lawfully report. The report is helpfully broken up into different sections, depending on the type of hearing. What is immediately striking, reading the report, is that the Court of Protection is subject to an almost entirely different regime to the Family Courts. For cases relating to the inherent jurisdiction of the Court of Protection (so those are cases that do not concern the Mental Capacity Act 2005 - e.g.. concerning vulnerable adults who have capacity), there is no statutory regime in place, but the court has powers to exclude the public or the media at its discretion. Furthermore, s12(1) Administration of Justice Act 1960 does not apply, as the inherent jurisdiction is beyond the scope of the Mental Capacity Act 2005; therefore 'In the absence of an injunction there would appear to be no restraint upon reporting'.


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Excessive Sweating - How to Stop Excessive Sweating Naturally
Do you suffer from excessive sweating, or hyperhidrosis? If you do, you know how embarrassing it can be. You can be in the middle of an important business presentation when you suddenly realize your hands or underarms are covered in sweat. Maybe you're sitting down with your relatives at a holiday and your armpits become uncomfortably damp. Or maybe you always feel the slight tingle of sweat. No matter what triggers it, everyone who experiences this wants to know how to stop sweating.
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Hyperhidrosis, or excessive sweating, is actually more common than you'd think. What triggers it tends to vary from person to person. Some find themselves sweating during moments of stress, especially work related. Others find themselves suffering from excessive sweating at night. Sleeping with no blankets and with a fan blowing cool air at them doesn't help—they still wake up covered in sweat. Others don't sweat until they're out in the heat. Many of these people are perfectly healthy otherwise, and they find themselves very stressed and annoyed that there is little they can do to stop excessive sweating.
How can you tell if you have excessive sweating and need to find a way to stop it? Well, it's hard to tell just how much sweat is too much. The basic definition of excessive sweating is when it goes from being normal to causing you distress. It generally begins during adolescence, and it usually affects the armpits, hands, and feet. Hyperhidrosis has several special names depending on where the sweating occurs:
- Axillary hyperhidrosis: sweating from the armpits.
- Palmoplantar hyperhidrosis: sweating on the soles of the feet or the palms
While it's not life-threatening in any way, hyperhidrosis leads to embarrassment and difficulty with life. Many avoid social situations, won't shake hands, have trouble forming romantic relationships, and may even have trouble writing or using anything that requires gripping items since the sweat makes it hard to hold items. A lot of people simply assume that they will have to live with this sweating.
How to Stop Excessive Sweating. Antiperspirants.
However, there are many different ways to control sweating, and some work better than others. The first way to stop excessive sweating is to purchase powerful antiperspirants. Those who suffer from excessive sweating will start fighting it by purchasing standard antiperspirants. However, these antiperspirants may not work, especially if your excessive sweating is truly excessive. There are, however, some more powerful antiperspirants out there. They're designed to combat excessive sweating, and while they are more expensive, some say they really do work. These prescription strength products all include aluminum chloride hexahydrate, a powerful antiperspirant.
Oral Medication That Helps Control Sweating
However, for many people, these antiperspirants aren't that useful. That's because some people don't have excessive sweating in their armpits. Instead, they may experience it in other places, including the hands, feet, and even their chest or back. For them, the answer to how to stop sweating doesn't involve antiperspirants at all. Instead, they can take some oral medication that helps control sweating. Called anticholinergics, this medication may help those who experience excessive sweating on their hands. They include products like Robinul. However, they do have a lot of side effects like burred vision and dry mouth. Because of this, they are not often used to stop sweating.
Botox Injections - Cure or Nightmare?
Botox injections are another option, even though it is more often used in cosmetic surgery. Given under the arms, Botox can help close up the sweat pores. However, Botox injections aren't exactly pleasant. Each armpit needs at least 20 different injections per treatment. Also, you have to have repeated treatments about every 4 months or so. Botox has been used for excessive sweating of the hands and feet, although it has not as effective. These injections are more painful-hand injections often require pain killers.
Iontophoresis - Is it a Myth?
One of the oldest methods used to control excessive sweating is called Iontophoresis. It's been used for over 50 years, but few understand exactly why it works. Studies have concluded that it most likely stops up the sweat ducts in some way. Iontophoresis uses water to conduct a light electric current over the patient's skin. It's not painful, despite what it sounds. However, it doesn't work long-term, sometimes it doesn't work at all. In fact, patients usually have to have two to three sessions a week, with each session lasting up to 20 minutes. After that, patients have to return for another session once every few weeks, depending on how well their body responds. Some may need treatments once a week, while others may need a repeat treatment once a month or so.
Thoracis Sympathectomy - The Most Dangerous Method
For some, none of these methods work. They may have to resort to expensive surgery. This surgery, called Thoracis sympathectomy, actually involves interrupting the sympathetic nerves that cause sweating. The doctor will insert a small endoscopic instrument into the body just below the armpit. This device is then used to actually destroy a small part of the nerve that connects to the sweat glands. While it is very effective, it is also very risky. Part of this risk comes from the fact that the patient's lung is actually momentarily deflated so that the surgeon can see the nerves better. Side effects can actually involve causing excessive sweating in other areas of the patient's body, nerve damage, and breathing complications. These issues are often very serious and cannot be reversed. Because of this, sympathectomy is seen as a last resort for those with excessive sweating.
Natural Methods - The Best Choice To Stop Excessive Sweating
There are many natural treatments for hyperhidrosis. One of these remedies was baking soda. I used this method myself and that is how it work. After thorough washing, I applied cornstarch and baking soda under my arms. I waited 25 minutes and then washed the mixture off with water. Baking soda has the ability to absorb excess moisture, so no arm pit circles can be found on your clothes. I also added essential oils into the mixture to act as a deodorizer. The method seemed affordable and super simple, but it still did not give me the needed cure. Do not forget to wash and shave your underarms before using this method else it will not help you.
While all of these methods can help deal with excessive sweating, many of them are not permanent. While taking medication, using prescription antiperspirants, and having Botox injections can help stop sweating, you have to spend money on repeat treatments, you have to feel pain, you have to suffer from serious side effects which can seriously harm your health. However, if you really want to know how to stop excessive sweating permanently, there is one really effective natural way. It's a little known scientific method that can actually help you stop your excessive sweating forever. Want to know about it? Visit the link below to find out how to stop excessive sweating and vanquish this embarrassing condition from your life.


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The Cassini spacecraft looks past the cratered south polar area of Saturn's moon Rhea to spy the moon Dione and the planet's rings in the distance.
Dione's "wispy" terrain can be seen on the trailing hemisphere of that moon. See PIA10560 to learn more.
This view looks toward the south polar area of the anti-Saturn side of Rhea (1,528 kilometers, or 949 miles across) and the Saturn-facing side of Dione (1,123 kilometers, or 698 miles across). North on the moons is up.
This view looks toward the northern, sunlit side of the rings from just above the ringplane. The rings, closer to Cassini than Dione is, obscure the view of the south of Dione.
The image was taken in visible light with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera on Jan. 11, 2011. The view was acquired at a distance of approximately 61,000 kilometers (38,000 miles) from Rhea and at a Sun-Rhea-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 15 degrees. The view was acquired at a distance of approximately 924,000 kilometers (574,000 miles) from Dione and at a Sun-Dione-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 15 degrees. Image scale is 358 meters (1,175 feet) per pixel on Rhea and 6 kilometers (4 miles) per pixel on Dione.
The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C. The Cassini orbiter and its two onboard cameras were designed, developed and assembled at JPL. The imaging operations center is based at the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colo.
For more information about the Cassini-Huygens mission visit http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/. The Cassini imaging team homepage is at http://ciclops.org.


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Just days after guiding a Colorado marijuana-legalization initiative to an unprecedented victory, longtime Denver marijuana activist Mason Tvert scored another win: a new job.
Tvert is now the communications director for the Marijuana Policy Project, the national lobbying group that is the parent organization for Tvert's SAFER Colorado and was the main funder for Colorado's Amendment 64.
"I'm simply in a new role there, where I will be able to work on these issues around the nation," Tvert said.
Tvert's move underscores the national interest focused on Colorado in the wake of Amendment 64′s passage. Not only are marijuana activists around the country eager to see how legalization will work in the state, they are looking forward to take what worked about the Colorado campaign and export it nationally.
"Let's move forward in other states, but let's do so patiently and strategically," MPP executive director Rob Kampia wrote in a commentary on The Huffington Post about three weeks after the election. "The path is there for us to follow."
It's an ambitious itinerary.
At a marijuana business conference in Denver the day after the election, Kampia outlined a campaign to advance marijuana-friendly laws in 14 states.
The sequential strategy will look familiar to Coloradans: first, pass a medical-marijuana law; then put dispensaries in place; then go for recreational legalization.
Looking to presidential election yearKampia said his organization is pushing medical-marijuana laws in New York, Illinois and New Hampshire, along with contemplating a ballot initiative in Idaho. MPP is working for dispensary laws in Michigan, Montana, Nevada and Hawaii, Kampia said. He is hopeful the legislatures in Rhode Island and Vermont will pass marijuana-legalization bills.
But the true test for marijuana activists will come in 2016, the next presidential election year. That is when Kampia hopes to run legalization initiatives in California, Massachusetts, Oregon and Maine.
"There's a lot of young voters who only come out for presidential elections," Kampia said at the conference. "The reason we had such a large margin of victory in Colorado and Washington was because it was a presidential election."
In his Huffington Post commentary, Kampia outlined other factors behind the successful Colorado campaign. Initiatives must be drafted inclusively and come after years of groundwork, he wrote. Their campaigns should stick to a simple message, focusing, for instance, on potential tax revenues or allocation of law enforcement resources.
And he stressed the importance of raising money early to buy ads early. That last strategy enabled the pro-64 campaign to buy television ad spots when they were relatively cheap and plentiful; opponents, meanwhile, found that TV ad spaces were too few and too expensive to make a difference by the time they had money for them.
"We were smarter and more organized than them on that issue," Brian Vicente, another leader of the pro-64 campaign, said about TV ads.
Marijuana opponents, though, are also learning lessons from the defeats in Colorado and Washington.
"I'd say the No. 1 lesson we learned was that we need more resources to get the message out that the only alternative to current policies isn't legalization," Kevin Sabet, a former White House drug-policy adviser who was against Amendment 64, wrote in an e-mail. "To be against legalization surely is not to mean that you are OK with the status quo."
The problem for marijuana opponents, though, is money. The No on 64 campaign raised just shy of $700,000 during the campaign. That's only about a quarter of the $2.5 million the two main campaigns backing Amendment 64 raised. Other groups contributed hundreds of thousands of dollars more in support of Amendment 64.
And much of that pro-64 money came from out of state. Eighty-eight percent of the monetary contributions to the two main pro-64 committees were from outside Colorado — suggesting that the fundraising haul is replicable in other states.
By contrast, the anti-64 campaign relied more on local money, gathering 55 percent of its funding from inside Colorado.
Legalization opponents say they are disadvantaged in other ways too. The most powerful endorsers against marijuana legalization — in Colorado, they included Gov. John Hickenlooper and Attorney General John Suthers — are often hamstrung by their day jobs in how much they can campaign.
"The government does not spend any money fighting ballot initiatives," said Calvina Fay, the executive director of Florida-based Save Our Society From Drugs. The organization was the biggest single donor to the No on 64 campaign, giving about $285,000.
Sabet said the legalization victories in Colorado and Washington have "rudely awakened" marijuana opponents, who are now working to form stronger organizations to fight back against legalization.
Individual state laws are a challenge, but legalization advocates face other challenges in exporting the Colorado model.
For starters, only 24 states have a citizen-initiative process. And each of those states comes with its own unique stew of local laws and politics that prevents simply taking a standardized campaign from state to state.
The Taxpayer's Bill of Rights, for instance, prevented activists in Colorado from directly including an excise tax in Amendment 64, as activists in Washington did in their initiative. Meanwhile, the Washington initiative doesn't allow people to grow marijuana in their homes, as the Colorado measure does.
"The biggest impact this is going to have is the amount of discussion it has forced around the nation," Tvert said.
While Tvert believes increased conversation about marijuana policy inevitably leads to increased support for marijuana reform, Sabet isn't so sure. Widespread support for more lenient marijuana laws in the late 1970s hit a backlash, he said. It could be that the experiences of Colorado and Washington with legal marijuana will provide fodder for those arguing against greater acceptance of the drug.
"Time will tell if legalization will follow the same crash-and-burn course," Sabet wrote in an e-mail, "or if it will succeed to a greater degree in other states and nationally."
John Ingold: 303-954-1068, email@example.com or twitter.com/john_ingold
(Colorado Legalization Used as Blueprint for Other States)


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I'm happy to join in on this special giveaway this week. Everyone can use a little extra cash these days that's why Mom Powered Media has teamed up with 50 wonderful bloggers to bring you a weekly chance to win $100 to one of our favorite retailers!
Hosted by: Mom to Bed by 8 and Real Mom Reviews
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Disclosure: I received no compensation for this publication. My opinions are my own and may differ from those of your own. Life Is A SandCastle is not responsible for sponsor prize shipment.


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Saturday, March 31, 2012
Meet My Doggie!!!
If you're one of my facebook friends you know how much I love my dog pooch. I've been trying to think of ways to include her on the blog and it hit me last night. So I dug up a photo we took this past winter and tried to think how I could combine illustration with her picture. Of course it had to be a penguin - my favorite bird! I think every dog wants to be ridden by a penguin. Photo shop is just so fun to play with and so all I did was import the photo to my iPad - do a little doodle on an overlay layer in "brushes" and then painted it in photoshop. This might be a fun way to illustrate an ebook or app about her in the future....you never know right?
Friday, March 23, 2012
Painting Demo
This was an acrylic painting demo I did for my media tech class at UVU a few weeks ago. I still love to paint traditionally even though I don't do it for my freelance or personal project work any more. I don't think it's a any big secret that I have an extreme love affair with photoshop however working in acrylics is my first love - and I'll never forget her. The method I used on this piece is the same one that was taught to me by Rob Colvin 20 plus years ago in school. I painted this on a piece of 12x18 masonite - gessoed with lines from brush - pencil sketch - acrylic washes for under painting in burnt sienna - add value with ivory black and burnt sienna and then a series of acrylic paint layers that gradually get dryer and dryer as I work the lightest lights last. I actually even made a video tutorial of this process and you can check it out right here: http://folioacademy.com/samplec.html
Sunday, March 18, 2012
I Got To Speak At Ringling !
Wow! What a week! I was asked to speak and jury the student show at Ringling College of Design by Octavio Perez (Illustration Faculty) -an amazing artist. It was a very flattering experience and rewarding to be able to visit an institution committed to excellence in teaching students good design and art fundamentals.
They have a really nice campus in a resort area - I don't know how they manage to get their work done with so many distractions available.
I spoke about the necessity to become indispensable and to open their minds to new possibilities in the creation of their own digital properties.
A group of illustrators hung around after to chat - one of them had me sign 1313 Dead End Drive - the Hasbro board game I illustrated years ago - first time I ever signed it!
They told me there were over 2000 entries in the student show - crazy! My job was to whittle it down to about 60-80 pieces - not an easy task - there were so many really good pieces.
Here are a few of the pieces that made the cut.
Bonus! My sister has a house in Sarasota and I met up with her and her husband for some wonderful dinners and even had a chance to hit the #1 beach in the US - Siesta Key!
And this is what I flew home to yesterday!
Tuesday, March 13, 2012
Nasty Bugs!!!
It's so nice to have a part in seeing a project go from beginning to end. I was privileged to work with the great Lee Bennett Hopkins - THE poet anthologist for kids. He's basically won all the poetry awards and even holds a Guinness world record for most prolific poetry anthologist. My editor at Penguin was like, "Do you know how famous Lee is?" and I had to apologize because I'm not well read in poetry- so I looked him up and holy cow! Anyway - he seems like a really nice guy too and in Nasty Bugs he's gathered some of the best poets from around the country and spun a web of YUCK!!!...for the boys...and the girls who are more brave than I.
This was a very fun book to work on - a dream project really because each illustration is a stand alone. When I finished one I could take on the challenge of new characters for a new nasty poem. One of the challenges in illustrating a traditional book is that often the story takes place in one or two locations which means that backgrounds have to be similar - which means similar colors. You have to constantly dream up new ways to keep the images fresh and avoid redundancy.
I sure hope I get to work with Lee and Dial again - Jason Henry did a fabulous job designing and laying out the book. I've always wondered why the designers don't get their name on the cover as well - they do so much work.
Wednesday, March 7, 2012
Rockin on My Ipad Apps!
So, if you've been following my blog for more than a few months you'll notice that I was working on a monster app and then I kind of went silent on that front. Well, the project was going really well and still is however I started feeling like it was becoming larger than I wanted to tackle at this time. The amount of work was becoming overwhelming and so I've set it aside for now because I really want it to reflect my vision. I was afraid that if I kept working on it I would be tempted to cut corners.
Good news however - I'm about half way through my next app creation and am working with a talented and very accomplished writer Rick Walton and programer Mike Bohman to produce what we think will be a really fun______ (insert category here). We don't really know what to call it because it's not a story app but it has a story. It's not a game either in that you can't beat it or win...or even compete against the computer or another player. No - it's just a thing - a widget - a whobadeewhatee and so we might call it an iPad toy or digital toy or something like that. Anyway above is one of the illustrated characters for my ebook/app - just wanted to let you know that I'm actively working on several ideas right now - it's sooooo exciting to be able to concept, rough out, design, render, and publish anything you can think of!!!
Friday, March 2, 2012
My Plea To You....
I don't recall ever asking you for anything so I'm going to call in a favor right now. I want you to read or listen to Linchpin by Seth Godin. I believe this is the most powerful argument for rethinking "the system" that I've ever heard before. Why should you re-think the system? Because all of us want to make art that's not only relevant but we also like the idea of making money. This book will tell you what you need to be doing to compete in the next decade and beyond. Please please please take the time to read or listen to Linchpin - I believe every H.S. senior and college student should read this as well!
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