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...the man described by President Bush and others within his administration as a "top operative", the "number three person" in al-Qaida, and al-Qaida's "chief of operations" was never even a member of al-Qaida, much less an individual who was among its "inner circle".
The truth about Abu Zubaydah
The Bush administration's false claim that my client was a top al-Qaida official has led to his imprisonment and torture
This article was submitted to the CIA prior to publication. Passages redacted by the CIA are marked [...].
Zayn al-Abidin Muhammad Husayn, more commonly known as Abu Zubaydah, is my client. After being extensively tortured by the CIA and imprisoned in various black sites around the world, Zayn may finally be approaching his day in court. I and my co-counsel welcome that day. But what if we are successful and establish that Zayn is not an enemy combatant? Would any country agree to take our client? The Bush administration's misrepresentations about Zayn make that virtually impossible unless I am allowed to tell his side of the story. This article is the first step in that reclamation process.
For many years, Abu Zubaydah's name has been synonymous with the war on terror because of repeated false statements made by the Bush administration, the majority of which were known to be false when uttered. On 17 April 2002, [...] President Bush publicly announced that Zayn had been captured: "We recently apprehended one of al-Qaida's top leaders, a man named Abu Zubaydah. He was spending a lot of time as one of the top operating officials of al-Qaida, plotting and planning murder."
Zayn's capture and imprisonment were touted as a great achievement in the fight against terrorism and al-Qaida. There was just one minor problem: the man described by President Bush and others within his administration as a "top operative", the "number three person" in al-Qaida, and al-Qaida's "chief of operations" was never even a member of al-Qaida, much less an individual who was among its "inner circle". The Bush administration had made another mistake.
These facts really are no longer contested: Zayn was not, and never had been, a member of either the Taliban or al-Qaida. The CIA determined this after torturing him extensively and [...]. Zayn was never a member or a supporter of any armed forces that were allied against the United States. He had no weapon when he was taken into illegal custody. He never took up arms against the United States nor against its coalition allies. He was not picked up on a battlefield in Afghanistan at the time of his detention, but was taken into custody in Pakistan, where he was wrongfully attacked, shot, and nearly killed. So serious were his wounds that a surgeon from John Hopkins University was flown to Pakistan to perform emergency surgery to save the life of a man the Bush administration believed to be the number three man in al Qaeda.
[...] Pulitzer Prize winning author David Suskind has reported that a knowledgeable CIA source wryly told him: "We gave [Abu Zubaydah] the best medical help in the world so we could start torturing him." Abu Zubaydah was tortured so vilely that even attorneys who are familiar with the administration's illegal actions over the years would be appalled. The government will not allow me to tell you what techniques of torture it approved for use on my client, but suffice it to say that given Zayn's treatment, it is not surprising that the videotapes of his torture were destroyed. Just recently, the government revealed that 90 of the 92 videotapes that the CIA destroyed related to our client.
Much attention has been paid to the notorious secret torture memoranda signed by James Bybee and Alberto Gonzales, authored by John Yoo, and championed by Vice President Cheney and his aide-de-camp David Addington. [...]Â
The Senate armed services committee recently released a public report that establishes that almost immediately after Zayn's capture, a group of some of the highest-ranking government officials in the land met in the White House to orchestrate and oversee his torture, months before the now-infamous torture memoranda were issued in August 2002. The individuals involved in this activity included Vice President Cheney, former National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice, former Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, former Attorney General for the Department of Justice John Ashcroft, and former Secretary of State Colin Powell. Aghast at the enormity of the government's willingness to approve torture, Ashcroft has been quoted as saying: "Why are we discussing this here? History will not judge us kindly."Â
[...] but the public is prevented from seeing them due to policies of the administration that have nothing do with national security; instead they have everything to do with preventing embarrassment and shielding individuals from potential war crimes charges. Why is our client not allowed to tell his story? The government has admitted to waterboarding him, [...]. The government's description of what that entailed is categorically false, like so many statements about our client.
But why is it important that Abu Zubaydah be allowed to speak in his own behalf? If Zayn is ever to receive any form of justice, he must be allowed to proclaim his innocence and pave the way for his possible release. No country is likely to be willing to take someone accused of being the number three man in al-Qaida. It is possible, however, that with a new administration, some countries may be willing to consider accepting a man who always refused to join al-Qaida.Â
Who is Abu Zubaydah? He was born in Saudi Arabia, but is not a Saudi citizen. He was educated in India. Following his university training, he traveled through the United States, considering possible universities where he might pursue his master's degree. In an interview with ABC, former CIA agent John Kiriakou described him as "a very friendly guy" who wrote poetry and was keen to talk about current events and compare the differences and similarities between Islam and Christianity. That has been my experience as well.Â
Like many other young Muslims before him, Zayn ultimately embraced the teachings of the Qur'an and traveled to Afghanistan to fight against communist insurgents who remained after the withdrawal of the Soviet army. In 1992, while fighting on the front lines, he was injured in a motor attack that left him with two pieces of shrapnel that remain embedded in his head to his day. So severe were his injuries that he lost the ability to speak for more than one year. His memory is compromised even today. He cannot remember his mother's name or picture her face. He cannot remember his father's name, but recalls that he looked like a prominent movie star in the Arab community. Although Zayn ran a news agency with a partner, he cannot remember his former partner's name.
Later, when Zayn returned to the front lines, he was told that he was no longer fit for fighting because couldn't remember how to shoot a rifle. The Bush administration has widely alleged that Abu Zubaydah was the head of a military camp that trained terrorists. That allegation is false at all levels. Significantly, the camp in question, Khalden, was closed by the Taliban at the request of Osama bin Laden because the emir of Khalden (not Abu Zubaydah) refused to allow the camp to fall under the organisational control of bin Laden or al-Qaida. After repeated requests by the Taliban to require the camp to be controlled by bin Laden were refused, the Taliban ordered Khalden closed in 2000.
As with the weapons of mass destruction and the need for war in Iraq, it is no longer shocking to find that the Bush administration got it all wrong. Abu Zubaydah's supposed relationship with al-Qaida is a complete myth. In an ever-growing litany of horrors, the Bush administration tortured the wrong guy, just as it tortured my former clients, British residents Bisher al-Rawi and Jamil el-Banna and British citizen Martin Mubanga, who were returned to England without charge. But what additional evidence exists to support the assertion that Abu Zubaydah was never with al-Qaida?
First, my client has never been charged with any crime and is not facing a military commission trial as are, for example, most, if not all, of the individuals alleged to have played any roles in the attacks on the United States. If Zayn had been the chief operating officer for al-Qaida, it is virtually certain that he would be facing charges and the death penalty. Is it because he was tortured? That is not likely, because there is no real debate that all of the so-called "high value" detainees were tortured. The administration has admitted that it waterboarded both Khalid Sheikh Mohammed and Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri, both of whom are facing criminal charges and the death penalty. So the fact of torture is not an impediment to filing charges against our client.
More importantly, the government is conducting a surreptitious but systematic purging of any reference to my client from the charge sheets and factual returns of other prisoners whose cases were being prosecuted. Abu Zubaydah has been linked to nearly 50 prisoners and former prisoners through media accounts and official Guantanamo Bay documents. Of these, approximately two dozen have either had their charges dropped or have been released from custody, including British resident Binyam Mohamed, who was recently released to British authorities without any charges. Before charges were dropped against Binyam Mohamed, Sufyian Barhoumi, Ghassan al-Sharbi and Jabran Sard al-Qahtani, each had their charge sheets redrafted to remove every reference to Abu Zubaydah.
Internationally, several individuals alleged to have known Abu Zubaydah have had their charges dropped, been released, or received other relief from their handlers. Abousfian Abdelrazik was alleged by the State Department to be closely associated with Abu Zubaydah. In 2008, Canada asked the United Nations to remove Abousfian Abdelrazik from its terrorism watch-list. Another prisoner, Mohamed Harkat, was supposedly even more closely related to Abu Zubaydah. Mohamed Harkat's attorney sought access to Abu Zubaydah for testimony relating to Harkat's trial, but the US refused to respond to his requests. In Harkat's Canadian trial, after Michael Hayden admitted that Abu Zubaydah had been waterboarded, Canadian officials deleted all references to Abu Zubaydah's alleged statements in its public dossier.
Mohamed Harkat was later released by Canadian authorities.
These are a sampling of what I believe are many other cases in which the administration has airbrushed Abu Zubaydah out of history - because ultimately he could not have been privy to the information the government alleged he had provided. That such evidence was obtained from an individual under torture was not an issue in 2002 when our client was a prisoner in CIA black sites and the administration was taking the position that prisoners had no legal rights. But the legal landscape has changed since then. Following the Supreme Court's 2008 decision inBoumediene v Bush, the administration finally realised that evidence procured by torture from an individual who was never associated with al-Qaida and had renounced the activities of al-Qaida was problematic.
What becomes of Zayn depends on whether the truth can be revealed to the public. Consistent with its position on other prisoners who were seized in error, such as the Canadian citizen Maher Arar, who was mistakenly arrested and sent to Syria for torture; the German citizen Khaled el-Masri, who was tortured in Afghanistan at a prison called the "Salt Pit" and eventually dumped alone on a road in Albania and left to make it back to his wife and home; the Bush administration never admitted to making any mistakes. Doing so would have opened it to criticism for not affording prisoners some legal process to argue their innocence before they were tortured. It was much easier simply to assert over and over again that only the "worst of the worst" were housed at Guantanamo.
History will look back at Guantanamo and find precious little to justify that charge. My best guess is that at the end of the entire process, not more than 25-30 actual trials will take place, out of the more than 1000 prisoners who have made their way through the prison camp.
Unlike Maher Arar and Khaled el-Masri, whose countries championed their return, no country is extending a hand to help a stateless Palestinian, given the administration's public statements about him. Unless the Obama administration allows me to negotiate openly on his behalf and provide officials with an actual account of his activity, he will continue to fade from view, which is, I fear, exactly what the administration wants.

subset: commoncrawl


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Hey, that sounds familiar. The monster snake is getting some new attention, with a life-size replica installed in Grand Central Station, and to be featured in a documentary on the Smithsonian Channel (which I don't get, and never heard of until now) tomorrow.
The documentary might be a little bit cheesy, but it still looks fun.
OK, a lot cheesy.
(Also on Sb)


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CHARLOTTE, N.C. (AP) -** The Carolina Panthers wanted to eliminate talk of coach Ron Rivera's job security entering the bye week. So they earned their most lopsided victory.
Watch Highlights from Giants-Panthers View Game highlights from the Giants Week 3 loss in Carolina... Best Photos from Week 3 Instant Analysis: Giants lose 38-0 |
It was the largest margin of victory in Panthers history after they surrendered fourth-quarter leads in their first two games, losses to Seattle and Buffalo.
The Panthers (1-2) allowed Newton to run out of the read option, which helped open up an offense that had been mostly stagnant this season. Newton had 223 yards passing and threw two touchdown passes to Brandon LaFell and one to Ted Ginn Jr. He ran for 45 yards and his first TD of the season.
The Giants are in trouble: Of the 161 teams that have started the season 0-3 since 1978, only five made the NFL playoffs, according to STATS LLC.
The Giants came in with only 73 yards rushing in their first two games and managed just 60 yards on the ground. Manning, under pressure all day long, finished 12 of 23 for 119 yards with two interceptions.
The Panthers had started their first two seasons 1-5 and 1-6 under Rivera and there was plenty of speculation surrounding his job entering the game Sunday after their slow start this year.
But the Panthers left no doubt about this one.
Despite missing three defensive starters, the Panthers elected to defer to the Giants after winning the coin toss. Carolina's defense dominated from there.
The Panthers set the tone early, sacking Manning five times in the first quarter. They limited the Giants to 18 total yards - 1 yard passing - and two first downs in the first half and took a 17-0 lead to the locker room.
The Panthers turned to a read-option on their second possession, something they used frequently the last two seasons but haven't gone to much this year. Newton ran four times for 40 yards on the drive, with fullback Mike Tolbert scoring on a 2-yard run.
After a 53-yard field goal by Graham Gano, Newton found LaFell in the corner of the end zone with 12 seconds left in the half.
Carolina then put the game away with touchdowns on its first two possessions of the third quarter. Newton connected on a 20-yard strike to LaFell and then scored from 3 yards on a quarterback draw. Newton later connected on a 47-yard pass with Ginn.
The Giants have plenty of concerns as they prepare for next Sunday's game against the surprising Kansas City Chiefs (3-0), beginning with their offensive line. Carolina's seven sacks tied a franchise record.


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Best Sales Book of 2011 Now Released as eBook
[PRWeb] Bellevue, WA June 23, 2011
Brett Clay, author of the award-winning book, 'Selling Change, 101+ Secrets for Growing Sales by Leading Change,' announced that 'Selling Change' has been released in ebook format and is now available from all major ebook distributors and retailers.
The 'Selling Change' ebook is available for purchase from book retailers, including Amazon.com, Apple iBooks Store, BarnesandNoble.com, Borders.com, Google eBookStore, Kobo.com, Sony and others.
The 'Selling Change' ebook is also available for check-out from over 13,000 libraries using the Overdrive digital media service.
Author, Brett Clay, said, "The recognition the hard cover edition has received from the awards organizations has been incredible. Now, the same book will be available in digital form, greatly expanding its availability."
Awards for 'Selling Change':
"Best Sales Book of 2011" – Axiom Business Book Awards
"Best Business Book of 2010" – Independent Publisher Book Awards
"Best Sales Book of 2010" – USA Book News
Finalist—"Best Business and Economics Book of 2010" – ForeWord Reviews
Finalist—"Best Management and Leadership Book of 2010" – USA Book News
Finalist—"Best Business Book of 2010" – Next Generation Indie Book Awards
Finalist—"Best Business Book of 2010" – National Indie Excellence Book Awards
Praise for 'Selling Change':
"Do you think change is scary and borders on impossible? Think again. 'Selling Change' shows how to more effectively sell your ideas, products, and services to your employees, stakeholders, and customers. Author, Brett Clay, has translated the complex and abstract principles of change psychology into an easy-to-read, fun, and practical format that business leaders and salespeople are sure to find valuable," said Jim Barnes, awards director, Axiom Business Book Awards.
"'Selling Change' is a handbook that shows how to lead customers or stakeholders through change and create high value for them in the process—and that's why it's a must-read for salespeople and business executives in 2011," said Gerhard Gschwandtner, publisher, Selling Power Magazine.
'Selling Change, 101 Secrets for Growing Sales by Leading Change', by Brett Clay, Non-fiction; Hardcover $22.95, ISBN 978-0982295236 ; ebook $9.99, ISBN 978-0982295243; Available wherever books are sold.
About Change Leadership Group and Brett Clay
Clay is the author of "Selling Change," named the best business book and best sales book of 2010, and is the CEO of Change Leadership Group, LLC, a firm that helps clients improve their sales, marketing, and leadership capabilities. A veteran of 20 years in international sales and marketing management, most recently with Microsoft Corporation, he is an award-winning author, award-winning marketer, trainer, speaker, consultant, and business leader. http://www.ChangeLeadershipGroup.com
# # #
Press release: http://www.prweb.com/releases/changeleadershipgroup/sellingchange/prweb8591814.htm


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The Perelman family changed apartments four times during our Volozhin childhood. The first one was on Vilno Street. It stood near the Sazhelka, the shtetl water pond. The west part of the single story wood house belonged to my mother's parents, and was rented to the district court. We inhabited the east side, our parent's property.
Both of us, Sonia and I, were born in Vilno, the big city, where mother chose to bring us into this world. It was a whole day journey, by horse and by railway, one way pregnant, back with the newborn babies.
The apartment had four rooms: the sleeping room, the dining room, Papa's cabinet, two entrances, a waste kitchen with a huge oven. The fourth room was rented. Objects I recall include the wall-mounted telephone, the leather sofa kushetka, the hanging musical wall clock, and the large mirror.
Our house, undamaged remains, until now on Vilna (today Sovietskaya) Street
Four families (invaders from Ponizhe) are now living there.
The first event I am able to remember was my mother sitting on a jagged chair in the cabinet, beside the open fire of the high white stove. She sent me to get the iron rod (kocherke), to arrange the glowing coals. I was running fast out of the kitchen darkness, rod in hand, to mama, near the warm firelight, and I bumped hard into the chair edge. My face was covered with a mixture of blood and tears. The child has lost his eye! Feltcher Avrom Tsart, the shtetl medical authority, was alerted. He applied bandages and iodine. The eye was saved, but the scare and memory have been with me ever since.
In 1998, during our visit in Volozhin, we found the house. 4 families now occupied it. I recognized the oven with its original small wrought iron door, the place of my haunting first injury.
Russian was the first language I spoke. After the Russian revolution, our parents returned to Volozhin, which was under Polish rule, from Ukraine, where they both studied in Russian schools. Both of them, especially Mama, who was saturated by Russian literature, wanted boy to speak the language of Pushkin. Polish they did not know, and as for Yiddish, he'll manage to learn it in the shtetl courtyards. So the family members were named in the Russian manner, Mame Etl--Mama Etia, Tate Yosl--Papa Yosif, Mume--Tiotia, Feter--Diadia, Bobe--Babushka, ZeydeDiedushka, etc.
As for my true mame loshn, eventually it became Yiddish. I succeeded in becoming skilled in the beautiful Litvak Yiddish. It caused me many struggles, especially the RrrrEISH, which I turned on my tongue softly like the shkotzim, instead of pronouncing it roughly, from the throat, as my court comrades did.
I'm still astonished when I think about the linguistic problems of our childhood. At home I heard Russian, we played with the court comrades in Yiddish, and the housemaid's language was Belarussian--we called it Goyish. The main language in my Tarbut primary school was Hebrew, and the government authorities communicated with us, Polish citizens, in Polish. It is a bit strange to require six-year-old children to hear, to speak, and to understand five languages. Nevertheless goles is goles (Diaspora is Diaspora).
Jews, emigrating from Germany and other western countries, settled here starting in the 16th century. They formed self-governed congregations (kehila), lived in small burghs (shtetls), and preserved their style of life, speaking the Yiddish-Litvak dialect. As for me, I spent 15 years in Volozhin, a typical Litvak-land shtetl, but I have never seen a true Lithuanian goy (gentile), and never heard or seen a word in this language.
Nevertheless, to my knowledge, all my ancestors during the last two to three centuries were 100 percent Litvak born.
Yehoshua (Eliyahoo?) Perlman, our father's grandfather, was the Rov (Rabbi) of Vishnevo, a small village near Volozhin. Prior to WW I he made aliya to Eretz Israel, where he served as Rabbi of the town of Rehovot, changing his name to Margolis (Hebrew for Pearl). His son, Moyshe Perlman (I bear his name), married Malka Itskhaykin, Rabbi Hayim Volozhyner's great great granddaughter. Moyshe Perlman owned a wine shop and an insurance agency. They lived in the famous Volozhin Rabonim's house (Beys Harav), Grandma Malka's inheritance. Their children--our father Yosef, his sisters Haya Dina, Feygl (Fania), and brother Eli--were all born in this house. At the dawn of World War I, the whole family left Volozhin as the Germans approached the area. They spent the war in Nikopol, Ukraine, on the Dneipr River. The Perelman family returned to Volozhin at the end of the war. Feygl and Eli remained in Russia (Soviet Union).
Before the German-Soviet war (1941), Grandma Malka left Volozhin, and went to live with her daughter Feygl in Moscow.
My mother Etl (Etia), her sister Zinah, and brothers Osher, Itzhok (Izia), and Mordhay (Motia), were born in Volozhin. Her father, our Grandpa Hirsh Malkin, the son of Yoel-Moyshe Malkin (from Lunna), was married to our Grandma Haya-Riva, who was the daughter of Shmuel-Osher Marshak (from Alitus).
Hirsh Malkin as the head manager of the millionaire Heller's large forest exploitation company, which established its main office in Belokoretz, a forest hamlet near Volozhin. The family fled Volozhin in World War I to Konotope in Ukraine, and returned back home in the early twenties. Our mother Etia was exiled to Siberia, where she survived the war. Her sisters and brothers survived the war:
Our grandparents, Zvi Hirsh Malkin and his wife Haya Riva, lived in Volozhin at the breakout of World War II. They were transferred to the town ghetto. The Nazis and their associates murdered both of them at the second mass slaughter action, on Sunday, May 10th, 1942, inside Volozhin, near the ancient graveyard. May they rest in peace.
Zina, Izia, and Osher survived the war in France, Motia in Eretz Israel.
Our parents, Yosef and Etl Perelman, were married in 1923 and established their home in Volozhin. They lived in a wooden house on Vilna Street. In this house, my younger sister Sonia and I were born. The family's income came from the wood saw and steam driven flour-grinding mills that our parents erected and managed on the Volozhinka waterside. The Soviet authorities imprisoned our father Yosif Perelman and sent him to the Gulag. A month later they expelled his family, Mother Etia, my sister Sonia, and me, to Siberia.
The main entrance from the market side led to the apartment through a broad wood staircase. On the opposite side, going down to the Yeshiva and Beys Hamidrosh Synagogue were narrow steep steps. On the bottom were the cellars in which my grandfather stored wine bottles prior to the First World War. Everything was big in this house. The rooms were large, the walls thick, the windows, through which you had a view of the yeshiva, were high.
My cousin Monia was tall. He was nicknamed Monie der Greysser (the big), while I was called Monie der kleiner (the small). And also small, to my luck, was my grandmother Malka. But the house was really big, large by our shtetl's proportions.
Babushka Malka was a gracious, beautiful woman, with totally white hair. A piano stood in the main room. Dania learned to play. My grandma's epigram was frequently repeated by the family members: The teacher is already covered with gold and Dany never stops to play the octaves. The octaves saved Dany's life. The Soviets, arriving in 1939, invited him to play piano far inside Russia. Dania remained in Russia and escaped the shtetl's destiny.
Our cousin Monia was two years my senior. He owned a large postage stamp collection and had technical abilities. He constructed a radio receiver and he made it work 65 years ago in Volozhin. During Stalin's pre-war regime, when he was a student at the town high school, Monia jokingly erased the moustache of the Soviet leader on a wall-newspaper. The Soviets did not share his sense of humor. He was arrested and deported to Siberia. Monia had the chance to be free and to join the Polish (Anders) army as the war started. They left Russia, then went to Iran, and than to Eretz Israel. Here he encountered our cousins from Vishnevo (Tsherna and Bluma--Rabbi Perlman-Margolis' granddaughters). Monia did not remain here, in spite of the insistence of his cousins. He continued with the Anders army to Italy. Monia the Tall, Malka Perlman's grandson, the son of Yani Garber, the Volozhin Judenrat's head, soldier in the Polish army, fell at the Monte-Casino battle, fighting the Germans in Italy.
His father Yani was born in Ukraine. He had a perfect musical ear. When he joined the Beytar singing group taking the second voice, the song became real, multi layered and, in my memory, wonderful. The Nazis, after occupying Volozhin, nominated him to be Judenrat head. On October 28th 1941, the SS ordered him to assemble three hundred people in the cinema hall to do some work. Yani Garber accomplished his mission. The Nazi commander told him to leave. At that point Yani realized that he was misled; the assembled Jews were not brought to work, but to be killed. He insisted that he should share the fate of his community. His demand was fulfilled. He was the first to be shot.
But let us revisit the big house during the thirties. When Sonia fell sick with a children's malady I was removed to live a while with babushka Malka. After the demise of his sister Haya Dina, our father passed the seven days mourning in this house. She was operated on for appendicitis, and died under the surgeon's knife in the tiny Volozhin hospital. I remember my aunt's covered corpse lying on the big chamber's floor with clothes covering windows and mirrors. The funeral was typically Jewish, without any flowers, with three prayers a day at the Perelman's house.
The Perelmans were called the Stone Skulls (moyer keplakh). The first reason was their stone habitation, the second one, not less important, was their erudition, education and behavior. The family head, Moyshe Perlman, was the sole person in Volozhin who used to receive daily and to read the magazine Russkoye Slovo--Russian Word. Aunt Haya Dina, although she spent her time in the vine shop, was always reading a book. All the children graduated from high school and even attended universities. (Eli was a doctor; Feigl was a member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences). And among my Tarbut schoolmates, my father alone had a secular matriculation certificate.
If I have had to consider a place to be named Paradise, Bieriezno would be my choice. First of all the kindness of Babushka and Diedushka; then the house and garden. The large house where our grandparents lived was built from wood for a local squire pomieshtchick. Equipped with a large veranda, it stood inside a fruit tree garden with apples, pears, plums, cherries, round red small poretchkes, and yellow oval agress. Beautiful, tasty, delicious fruit, fresh picked up from the tree.
The house had a built in suke with a convertible roof that could be raised by pulling a cord. It was filled with novelties, including a bathtub with a true water faucet to fill it up. Nevertheless, the water had to be drawn from the well in buckets and transferred by hand into the boiling kettle.
There was a real camera on a tripod, which was operated by uncle Motia-Izia (I called each one of them in a double name). It was covered by a black sheet, and without any movement we stood long, long moments to be photographed. There was also a bicycle made in Germany by Durkopf, the world best bicycles producer.
But the crown of Bierezno was its river. Unlike our narrow, crossable-by-foot Volozhinka, the Sloutch was a water-full river, 20 to 30 meters wide, with a high steep shore on the village side and a sandy clean perfect plaza beach on the opposite shore.
Among the Bieriezno pleasures were the long sailings with Motia-Izia in their own rowing boat and the swimming and sunbathing with tiotia Zina on the sand shore of the beautiful river.
It was a shtetl, but a different one from our Litvak towns. Bieriezno was located in Volyn', a Ukrainian territory dominated by Poland, mostly populated by Ukrainian goyim. The major part of Volyn' Jewry was Hassidic.
The Rebe ruled his Bieriezno orthodox congregation. The Rebe had his court of devoted Hassidim. He possessed his Tish-table, from which the Hassidim used to collect the festivities' remnants, the so-called Shirayim. Those habits and practices we did not see in Volozhin. The severe Yeshiva with the studious Rabonim was the Misnagdim Resistance bastion against the influence of the Hassidic movement.
Bieriezno residents spoke a different dialect than the Volozhin Litvak Yiddish dialect. They turned our O into an OO; our OO became an EE. Our doss became in Bierezno dooss, and our hoon became heen. Also the typical melody changed. The Bieriezno children listened with amazement to my strange speech and teased me Der Lootvak.
Our grandparents lived in Bierezno (Volyn) until the mid thirties. Izia and Motia graduated from high school in Luninietz city (next to Bierezno). Izia and Zina left Poland from Bierezno to France. From there Motia with his wife, as pioneers (Haluzim) made their aliya to Eretz Israel.
The grandparents prepared themselves to visit the children, Zina, Osher and Izia, in France. Before the long journey they asked Motia to come and to stay at home. Motia left the Hakhshara in Kolomyya for some time and came home together with Irka Lilienberg, his schoolmate girlfriend. Hirsh Malkin could not leave the young couple alone. One day, just before the trip to France, he returned home accompanied by a Rabbi, by two men as witnesses, and with a Stetson kapelush (hat). After the huppe had been finished and the young couple married, as it should be, the old Malkins could leave Bierezno and go peacefully to Paris.
We spent the summer of 1930 in Bierezno with my newborn sister Sonitshka. We came back to another apartment. A bad fungus infected the wood house on Vilna Street. The family was obliged to leave it for reconditioning. A Yeshuvnik, a so-called country Jew, from Bielokorets, the village where Diedushka Malkin managed Mr. Heller's Forest Contor (office) before the First World War, built a new house. Father rented it for our family to live in.
Volozhin was positioned on the main road from Vilna to Minsk. The shtetl was composed of two parts. Vilna Street on the west with the Market Square in the center was called Arouftsou--uphill. On the eastern side was the downhill part--Aroptsou. Aroptsou was built on two parallel slopes, the small one, Der kleiner Barg, ending before the Volozhynka; and the big one, Der Greysser Barg, beginning close to the Polish Kostiel, crossed the Volzhynka Bridge and reached the East town exit, to Minsk and the Soviet border.
Volozhin map - 1939
(From page 8 of the Volozhin Yizkor Book)
The Bielokortser's house was located in the middle of the small incline. Mother accompanied me from this house to school. The main language was Hebrew, so we had to pass a preparation class for speaking and reading Hebrew. In the higher classes we learned Jewish history, Tanah, and Hebrew, in addition to the required-by-law general subjects like Polish history, geography, arithmetic and Polish language. We were in school the entire day, from eight in the morning until three or four in the evening, with a long pause in the middle. For lunch, we used to go home, a 5 minute run. Our way to school passed near the babushka Malka's house, beside the synagogue and the Yeshiva.
Our teachers came from surrounding shtetls. The school manager and arithmetic teacher, Yakov Lifshitz, came from Radushkevitsh. Yakov Finger, our Hebrew teacher, with his family came from Soll. Their son Benzike, my neighbor on the school bench, and I were excellent friends. Our beloved class tutor, the school choir and orchestra conductor, Mr. Baykalski from Zheludok, taught us Polish, history and geography. Mr. Taller came from Molchad' to teach the holy Bible. Ms. Rachel Melzer, our natural science schoolmaster, she alone was born in Volozhin. She married Shneur Kivilevitsh (Judenrat head in 1942). Rachel spoke to the children in Hebrew only, avoiding Yiddish, except during the pauses. We called our teachers schoolmaster, or schoolmistress (Adoni, or Gvirti Hamore'a). Very polite, we stood up as they entered the class.
Across the street from our rented home, lived Freydele di Rebetsn, the rabbi Avigdor Derechinski's spouse. We were in very close relations with her. Freydele was our babushka Malka's cousin and a best friend.
Although Father was the descendant of prominent Volozhin Rabbis, he was not very religious.
Mother kept the home and food kosher. The kitchenware and cutlery were separate, one set for meat and another for milk food. A special set was reserved for Passover. Hometz did not pass in our home. Father conducted only the first Passover night seder, but never the second one, as was the Diaspora habit, and it rarely lasted after the meal to reach the Had Gadya. Grandfather Malkin used to conduct a real seder with all the rituals, sayings and melodies. He strictly guarded the afikoman from stealing. The boys worked hard to steal the well-guarded piece of matza. They usually arrived to perform the theft when grandpa was deeply occupied with the kneydlah. The meal always ended with an obstinate negotiation about the price. The demand was very high, the offer very, very low. The resulting price fell somewhere in the middle.
On the important holy days like Yom Kippur, Rosh Hashanah, Sukkoth, Passover and Shevouot, we dressed in our best clothes and went with father to the big synagogue near the Yeshiva. There, father had a reserved place at the East Wall. The most joyous holiday in Volozhin that I remember was Simhass Toyreh. The boys prepared themselves on the eve of the feast by borrowing small Torah rolls, called meguila, from the Yeshiva cellar, where scripts of the prophet books had been guarded.
The main Volozhin Hakofess, with multiple Torahs and meguiles in hand, took place in the Yeshiva. The Yeshiva boys were joyful, and with them the whole shtetl. They danced and sang songs such as Ato Bohartonu mikol Hoamim Veytoyras emes Nota beyssoyheynu You chose us from all nations and the Torah truth did You plant in our hearts lasting until late in the night.
A tale was told in Volozhin that once a group of Yeshive-layt discovered that vodka is made from potatoes. It was decided to try the happy-rending-liquid fabrication. They put a kettle full of potatoes on the fire. During the boiling, the hungry boys did not cease to test the hot food. After the hunger was satiated, all of them became happy. This event taught the poor Volozhin Yeshive-boys how to become Freylikh without vodka, just boiling and tasting potatoes.
During Yom Kippur day all the grown family members fasted. But we never had a Suke. So I was very happy when Freydele di Rebetsn invited me to her Sukot rabbinical diner. It was a home built Suke with a convertible roof, like in Bieriezno. Freydele, I believed, was the main personality in the family, but to my astonishment, she was deprived the privilege of having her dinner together with her sons and husband. She served us a beautiful cooked gefilte fish. The Row had the head, Chayim, the eldest son, the middle. Yona the youngest received the tail, and I contained myself and was very satisfied with a tasty spicy Litvak-gefilte-fish ball.
Speaking about religion makes me recall the Sabbath skating event. Returning from his Vilna business trip, Father brought us presents. Once it was a wonderful gadget, the first scooter ever seen in Volozhin. The sloping sidewalk of our inclined street was an excellent way to ride on the one foot Hulay Noga. From another journey, steel ice skates were brought. They were not made from wood like in Volozhin, and not from common steel, but from prestigious in those times and places, pure Swedish steel. I found this gift on a Friday mid winter morning. Returning from school, we spilled water on our house courtyard until it formed a small pool. By Saturday morning we had a tiny skating area. I utilized it ardently. My pleasure was great but short. The holy Shabes desecration reached our school management. Mister Taller, our severe Bible teacher, reproved me in front of the class and the skating sacrilege stopped.
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Updated 23 Sep 2006 by LA


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The Black Cats' recent home form has not been great, while Arsene Wenger's side are in good nick, and Jamie Dickenson is backing the Germany striker to score in a Gunners win
Arsenal travel north to Sunderland on Saturday looking to keep up the pressure on local rivals Tottenham – as well as Merseysiders Everton and Liverpool – in the race for fourth place.
Predictably the Gunners are made favourites for victory at the Stadium of Light, with the price of 10/11 (1.91) available from Bet Victor.
Sunderland have won just one of their last four home games in all competitions, and despite clambering away from the relegation zone recently, are at 16/5 (4.20) to win here with the same firm.
These two clubs drew earlier in the season at the Emirates, and a repeat stalemate can be backed at 13/5 (3.60).
However Arsene Wenger will be pressing his players for all three points against Sunderland, as the race for Champions League football begins to enter its final stages.
Unbeaten in their last four, Arsenal have responded well to the defeats against Manchester City and Chelsea and their attacking force may be just too strong for the Black Cats.
The Gunners have fired 11 goals in their last four, and one man who is getting on the scoresheet more regularly recently is Lukas Podolski.
The Germany international now has 12 goals in red and white for the campaign, after hitting the winner last time out against Stoke.
Five goals in his last 10 games is a decent return for a player operating out wide, and interestingly that quintet came against sides outside of the top seven – Reading, Newcastle, Swansea, West Ham and Stoke.
A trip to 12th place Sunderland could therefore yield another strike against lesser opposition, with the 27-year-old forward generously priced at 2/1 (3.0) to strike at anytime.
While Martin O'Neill will hope that his side can improve upon their record against top seven sides – which stands at one win, two draws and six defeats – Arsenal may not be willing to allow that.
Sign up with BetVictor and claim a £25 free bet
Jamie Dickenson is a 22-year-old freelance journalist who specialises in football, sports and betting.
More of his work can be found here – and you can also follow Jamie on
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What is Home and Garden Furniture?
Home and garden furniture is furniture that can be used inside as well as outdoors. Some people have opted to enclose a large patio in glass or screen, carpet the floor with indoor/outdoor carpeting, furnish with a fireplace, and install ceiling fans along an air conditioner. The patio area can be adjacent to the house or separate. The plans of the room or structure can come equipped with a kitchen separate than that of the primary section of the house. This area would require home and garden furniture to furnish the surroundings. When looking for plants for this area, you would still opt for house plants but maybe that of the larger variety.
Home and garden furniture can be made from wicker and wood. Metal and plastic garden furniture can be used, but would probably be considered inappropriate to adorn this region of your home. You would want furniture that is not too elaborate, but on the other hand you don't want the furniture ill-suited for the region either. You will want it to blend with the surroundings you have created. The enclosing of the back patio area convince visitors that this is just an extra room in the house. You will want the room to give off the look of casual comfort. A room in which to relax and have fun. Home and garden furniture fabricated from wicker have a classic appearance. The simplicity of the designs leans to the casual look of romantic, comfort. Since the home and garden furniture constructed of wicker is made for the outdoors, care and maintenance should be a much easier, simpler task. Consult your retailer for those requirements.
Wicker is also constructed to be durable. It is a good investment in the future of your home. The wicker constructed home and garden furniture comes in a wide range of style, designs and colors. Along with the variety of colors you will have the option to choose one of the dining sets, or from a cluster of sofa, loveseats and chairs. Wicker tables will complete the look of your conversation area of the room. You also have the option of a porch swing a cozy, intimate seating for lovers and friends young or old.
Home and garden furniture is also available an array of wooden pieces or sets. If you want to be able to move home and garden furniture, you may want to browse the teak wooden furniture lines. Teakwood is well known for its lightweight and strength. Its natural finish is a golden color. Wooden home and garden furniture like the wicker home and garden furniture is also built to be sturdy and durable. Wooden home and garden furniture is also available in the same furniture pieces as the wicker furniture from the dining sets to the conversation sets included with loveseat or sofas. The porch swing is also one of the options available in the wooden home and garden furniture line. The maintenance and care for the wooden furniture as with the wicker should be a much simpler and easy task. For requirements for that care, check with the retailer. As with the wicker home and garden furniture, wooden home and garden furniture is a great investment in the future for you and your home.
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Editor's Note: This story first appeared in the March 1966 Western Horseman.
The Casper College Thunderbirds from Casper, Wyo., tied up the National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association Championship for the third consecutive year in the 1965 finals held in Laramie, Wyo. After five terrific, top-notch performances, they made intercollegiate rodeo history, being the first team with a consecutive three-time win since the beginning of the NIRA, which has been in operation for 17 years.
The T-Birds won the title in 1963 at the finals held in Littleton, Colo., and came through with another championship in 1964 at the NIRA finals in Douglas, Wyo. The 1965 performance at Laramie climaxed the T-Birds spectacular try for the top.
Although the T-Birds are a devoted team, they not only ride for Casper College, but for the entire Casper community. A third victory was doubly important in 1965 because it was the 75th anniversary of Wyoming's statehood, and these fellows were bent on upholding the western frontier tradition of top-notch rodeo hands in Diamond Jubilee style.
The six cowboys that made up the 1965 team were Pink Peterson, Claude "Whip" Wilson, Ned Londo, Tom Jarrard, Bill Peterson and Wayne Not Afraid.
Pink Peterson is what you might call the "point-getter," always good for 200 to 300 points a rodeo. Pink is from Kersey, Colo., and when it comes to rodeoing, you name the event and he works it. As his past record shows, he is liable to win first place in any one of them. Pink was the reigning NIRA all-around, saddle-bronc-riding and bareback-riding champion for 1964. He showed them how to do it at the 1965 finals, too, winning the bronc riding, placing second in bull riding, and winning part of the bareback riding. Thus he was crowned NIRA world champion for 1965. It surprised no one, though, and at the NIRA banquet that night, "Sonny" Sikes, secretary-manager of the NIRA said, "If Pink keeps riding like this every year, we'll have to call this the Pink Peterson benefit."
Casper College is the first two-year school to ever have the championship team, and has gone all out in supporting it. The school grants scholarships to help the cowboys toward their education, and thus recruits top cowboys.
Another example of this is the T-Bird team member from Avondale, Colo. Claude "Whip" Wilson is a small, compact sort of guy who has the power where it counts when it comes time to strap on a bareback riggin' or a bull rope. Whip proved his ability by winning the regional bareback championship. He won first or second at just about every regional rodeo.
Whip rides pretty handily under pressure, as he showed at the NIRA finals. He was tied for the national championship with a Minnesota cowboy, "Bucky" Baker, going into the last round. Baker disqualified on his last horse, and this rested the championship on Whip's shoulders.
I can remember that ride real well. It was so quiet when Whip was getting ready to come out that you could have heard a pin drop. Everyone was looking at chute number six as if President Johnson were going to ride that bronc. The chute swung open and Whip went on to make a good ride and was named the NIRA champion bareback rider, another first for Casper College.
Only the top two teams in each region get to compete at the finals, so there are a lot of top cowboys from all parts of the country trying their level best to capture a championship there. The 1964 saddle-bronc-riding champ, Ned Londo from Las Vegas, Nev., another Casper College asset, was also competing in the 1965 college finals. Although Ned didn't win a national championship in 1965, he did win a go-round in the bareback and saddle bronc contests. Ned tied with Pink for the 1964 saddle-bronc-riding title, and he also won the 1965 regional saddle-bronc-riding championship.
Another top bronc buster from Kaycee, Wyo., who made the T-Bird team, was Tommy Jarrard. Tom is a former high-school champ who works all six rodeo events and is capable of placing every time he nods for one. Tom is a hard man to get on the ground in the riding events, and that's what it takes to make a championship team. Tom did pretty well at the college finals, placing twice in the bronc riding field.
Casper College won the NIRA finals with better than a 400-point lead; but there is a little bad luck that plagues some cowboys as T-Bird team members Bill Peterson and Wayne Not Afraid found out when they made their debuts at the finals.
Bill Peterson, brother of Pink, failed to place at the finals, but he did climax a good year at the regional rodeos. Bill is a real handy bull rider and also works the calf-roping and ribbon-roping events.
Wayne Not Afraid, as you might have guessed, is an Indian boy and hails from Lodge Grass, Mont. He works the two roping events and can be tough when he enters. Wayne is a very quiet but likeable guy and was a real help to his team in making points at the regional rodeos that helped qualify the T-Birds for the NIRA finals.
You're probably wondering who is responsible for gathering this conglomeration of top cowboys to make this championship team. Dale E. Stiles is the proud and devoted coach of the T-Birds. Dale, a professor at the college, travels to all the rodeos with the boys, giving them riding tips and the moral support it takes to birth a championship team. Dale is also a former NIRA all-around champion.
The T-Birds, now the NIRA world champions for the third consecutive year, deserve a pat on the back for the continuing top performances and top arena sportsmanship for which they are nationally famous.


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Columns Retired Columns & Blogs |
Mark Levinson No.23.5 power amplifier
"A high-quality amplifier must be capable of passing rigid laboratory measurements, meet all listening requirements, and be simple and straightforward in design in the interest of minimizing performance degradation..."—Cdr. Charles W. Harrison Jr., Audio, January 1956 (footnote 1)
Footnote 1: From "High Quality Dual-Channel Amplifier," reprinted in Audio Anthology: When Audio Was Young, Vol.4, published by Audio Amateur Publications, Inc., available for $16.95 plus $1.75 S&H from Old Colony Sound Lab, P.O. Box 243, Peterborough, NH 03458-0243. Tel: (603) 924-6371. Fax: (603) 924-9467. Web: .
"It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing."—Duke Ellington
My mother was visiting. "What exactly is a preamplifier?" she asked. I explained, in some detail with helpful use of analogy (though the fact that we were in one of Santa Fe's many excellent restaurants meant that I had to eschew the use of slides and an overhead projector). "Why then do I need a power amplifier?" was her next question. Obviously I had left something out of my expert explanation. Dessert interrupted the fine flow of my discourse, and she had returned to the UK by the time I had remembered what it was I was going to say. Which was:
Your source components, be they phono cartridges, CD players, FM tuners, or tape recorders, output an electrical signal that by convention represents the music's original acoustic pressure waves as a varying voltage. This voltage is passed along the reproduction chain, raised in level, its shape modified in a mid-fi system by tone and other controls, in a high-end system preserved with its shape as intact as possible, until it comes time for the loudspeakers to use it to generate acoustic pressure waves that correspond exactly—if you've paid enough for the speakers, of course—to those impinging on the mike in the recording studio.
But—and it's a large "but"—a loudspeaker is driven by a varying current, not voltage. Which is where the power amplifier comes in. Its output voltage ideally is a magnified facsimile of the voltage applied to its input; when that voltage is applied to the loudspeaker terminals, the speaker draws current from the amplifier, the exact amount dependent on both the voltage and the manner in which the speaker's impedance magnitude and phase change with frequency. All that the amplifier has to be able to do is source that appropriate amount of current; no more, no less.
If you multiply the maximum RMS voltage the amplifier can deliver by the current that is equivalent to that voltage into a specified load, you have the amplifier's power rating: "100 watts," for example. You can get a "100W" amplifier from an Asian manufacturer for as little as $300. You can also pay $6000 or more for a "high-end" "100W" stereo amplifier. How can it be possible for apparently identically rated power amplifiers to cover a price ratio of 20 times? Is the manufacturer of the expensive amplifier guilty of consumer fraud? Or has the manufacturer of the cheap amplifier omitted something?
The answer to both questions is "not necessarily." Look again at my specification of an ideal amplifier. The amplifier delivers to the loudspeaker a magnified voltage; the loudspeaker then sucks current proportional to that voltage. Many amplifiers cannot deliver that current if the loudspeaker has an impedance much below 8 ohms; or if the speaker's phase angle—a measure of how far apart in time the voltage and equivalent current become—is too great; or they cannot deliver that current in the low bass or high treble, the amplifiers' specifications only being valid in the midrange; or if they can deliver the current, the shape of the voltage waveform is affected, becoming distorted in one or more of a number of ways; or the amplifiers become less and less stable the more their output current increases; or they can only deliver that current for a very limited time; or their ability to deliver that current is dependent on either the kind of music being reproduced or the recent history of the music signal (which affects the temperature of their heatsinks)—or even both.
All amplifiers suffer to a lesser or greater extent from some or all of these ills, but as a general rule, the more money you pay for an amplifier, the more likely it will—or should—resemble that perfect amplifier. It's even probable that the more an amplifier resembles the ideal, the more likely its owner will enjoy his records. Which brings me to this review. In this and the next two issues, I will be reporting on the behavior of a small number of "high-end" amplifiers. Does their behavior more closely approach the paradigm than that of less expensive models? Can there be an amplifier which sounds superb despite being an exception to that ideal? I kick off with the Mark Levinson No.23.5, which offers high specified power—at a price!
Mark Levinson No.23.5: $5900
The No.23.5 is an evolutionary development from the Mark Levinson No.23 that Lewis Lipnick raved about in 1988 (Vol.11 No.9), featuring revised input circuitry, among other things. (The changes are comprehensive—it costs $3500 to upgrade from 23 to 23.5 status.) Styled in the traditional Mark Levinson fashion, with side-mounted heatsinks and an all-black finish broken by white engraved legends, the 23.5 offers two sets of inputs on the chassis rear, single-ended or unbalanced via Camac sockets and balanced via XLRs. Speaker connection is via a single pair per channel of 5-way binding posts.
The No.23.5 belies its modest size when you try to lift it, its 100-lb weight giving rise to muttered curses as you try to maneuver it into position into the listening room. Removing the top cover reveals a full chassis: two shielded 1258VA toroidal transformers, one for each channel, occupy the full depth of the central space, with two large, vertically mounted 36,000µF electrolytic capacitors on either side serving as the output stage reservoirs for each channel's ±83.7V voltage rails. The caps' ground connection is a solid proprietary-alloy bar of high-purity copper plated with a number of materials, including silver; more solid bars join the voltage rails to the output devices. There is just enough space between these caps and the side to squeeze in the driver and output circuitry, the 12 complementary push-pull output transistors and their heatsinks then forming the chassis sides.
Though there's enough standing bias to ensure that these output devices run warm, the 23.5 operates its output in class-A/B. Also mounted to the heatsinks are the driver transistors, these operated in class-A and arranged as a complementary emitter-follower driving two further complementary emitter-followers connected in parallel to get sufficient current gain. The input and driver stages for each channel are powered by a separate regulated power supply derived from separate transformer windings, preventing the output stage from modulating the voltage rails for the preceding circuitry.
The balanced inputs feed a cascoded differential amplifier, which then feeds a second cascoded differential amplifier with a current mirror. (When the No.23.5 is operated as a single-ended amplifier, a shorting strap links pins 1 and 3 of the XLR, tying the inverting input of the differential input to ground.) These differential amplifiers use discrete constant-current sources throughout. Though the No.23.5 has a push-pull output stage, it is not differential throughout, the current mirror converting the balanced signal to unbalanced. The input circuitry incorporates a soft-clipping circuit to prevent high-order overload harmonics from reaching the output stage.
Protection circuitry prevents turn-on/turn-off transients from reaching the output, and also monitors AC mains current, heatsink temperature, DC offset, phase-angle–dependent output-stage power dissipation, and whether or not the output has been short-circuited.
Footnote 1: From "High Quality Dual-Channel Amplifier," reprinted in Audio Anthology: When Audio Was Young, Vol.4, published by Audio Amateur Publications, Inc., available for $16.95 plus $1.75 S&H from Old Colony Sound Lab, P.O. Box 243, Peterborough, NH 03458-0243. Tel: (603) 924-6371. Fax: (603) 924-9467. Web: .


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A Senate vote along party lines rejected a Republican proposal to overturn Federal Communications Commission rules that prevent Internet service providers from discriminating against similar websites or content providers.
The net neutrality rules, as they are called, were passed in December and the House passed a bill overturning the rules in April. Today, the Senate rejected the measure, ending the challenge. Reuters reports:
"However, the 52-to-46 Senate vote amounted to a symbolic exercise, as President Obama pledged earlier this week to veto any resolution challenging the FCC's Open Internet regulations.
"The bill was introduced by Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison (R-TX). Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz) and Daniel Inouye (D-Hawaii) abstained.
"Approved by the FCC last December, the rules are designed to prevent internet service providers from using speed or normal prioritizing of traffic flow to discriminate on behalf of favored content partners. The regulations allow the FCC to impose fines and bring injunctions against companies that slow down internet service for customers who are streaming movies or downloading music.
"The new rules could affect the behavior of approximately 1,100 companies, according to an FCC estimate."
The Los Angeles Times reports that Hutchinson argued that over the past 20 years, the Internet had "flourished without burdensome regulations from Washington."
"If we're going to keep an open and free Internet and keep the jobs it spawns, we should reject the FCC regulation on net neutrality," she said.
The Times adds that Sen. Al Franken, a Democrat from Minnesota, argued net neutrality wasn't about changing anything. "Net neutrality and the rules the FCC passed are about keeping the Internet the way it is today and the way it has always been."
The American Civil Liberties Union lauded the vote.
"Without net neutrality, Americans' access to the Internet would hinge not on our right to free speech but on the whims of the corporations that would control it," ACLU legislative counsel Christopher Calabrese told The Hill.
The Washington Post's tech blog adds that another part of the objection from Republicans is that the FCC does not have the authority to pass these rules. That's what some telecoms like Verizon and Metro PCS are arguing in courts. In other words, this is just one hurdle for the new rules.
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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A chronic drought is ravaging farmland. The Gobi Desert is inching south. The Yellow River, the so-called birthplace of Chinese civilization, is so polluted it can no longer supply drinking water. The rapid growth of megacities — 22 million people in Beijing and 12 million in Tianjin alone — has drained underground aquifers that took millenniums to fill.
Not atypically, the Chinese government has a grand and expensive solution: Divert at least six trillion gallons of water each year hundreds of miles from the other great Chinese river, the Yangtze, to slake the thirst of the north China plain and its 440 million people.
The engineering feat, called the South-North Water Diversion Project, is China's most ambitious attempt to subjugate nature. It would be like channeling water from the Mississippi River to meet the drinking needs of Boston, New York and Washington. Its $62 billion price tag is twice that of the Three Gorges Dam, which is the world's largest hydroelectric project. And not unlike that project, which Chinese officials last month admitted had "urgent problems," the water diversion scheme is increasingly mired in concerns about its cost, its environmental impact and the sacrifices poor people in the provinces are told to make for those in richer cities.
Three artificial channels from the Yangtze would transport precious water from the south, which itself is increasingly afflicted by droughts; the region is suffering its worst one in 50 years. The project's human cost is staggering — along the middle route, which starts here in Hubei Province at a gigantic reservoir and snakes 800 miles to Beijing, about 350,000 villagers are being relocated to make way for the canal. Many are being resettled far from their homes and given low-grade farmland; in Hubei, thousands of people have been moved to the grounds of a former prison.
"Look at this dead yellow earth," said Li Jiaying, 67, a hunched woman hobbling to her new concrete home clutching a sickle and a bundle of dry sticks for firewood. "Our old home wasn't even being flooded for the project and we were asked to leave. No one wanted to leave."
About 150,000 people had been resettled by this spring. Many more will follow. A recent front-page article in People's Daily, the Communist Party's mouthpiece, said the project "has entered a key period of construction."
Some Chinese scientists say the diversion could destroy the ecology of the southern rivers, making them as useless as the Yellow River. The government has neglected to do proper impact studies, they say. There are precedents in the United States. Lakes in California were damaged and destroyed when the Owens River was diverted in the early 20th century to build Los Angeles.
Here, more than 14 million people in Hubei would be affected if the project damaged the Han River, the tributary of the Yangtze where the middle route starts, said Du Yun, a geographer at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Wuhan, the provincial capital.
Officials in provinces south of Beijing and Tianjin have privately raised objections and are haggling over water pricing and compensation; midlevel officials in water-scarce Hebei Province are frustrated that four reservoirs in their region have sent more than 775 million cubic meters, or 205 billion gallons, of water to Beijing since September 2008 in an "emergency" supplement to the middle route.
Overseers of the eastern route, which is being built alongside an ancient waterway for barges called the Grand Canal, have found that the drinking water to be brought to Tianjin from the Yangtze is so polluted that 426 sewage treatment plants have to be built; water pollution control on the route takes up 44 percent of the $5 billion investment, according to Xinhua, the official news agency. The source water from the Han River on the middle route is cleaner. But the main channel will cross 205 rivers and streams in the industrial heartland of China before reaching Beijing.
"When water comes to Beijing, there's the danger of the water not being safe to drink," said Dai Qing, an environmental advocate who has written critically about the Three Gorges Dam.
"I think this project is a product of the totalitarian regime in Beijing as it seeks to take away the resources of others," she added. "I am totally opposed to this project."
Ms. Dai and some Chinese scholars say the government should instead be limiting the population in the northern cities and encouraging water conservation.
The project's official Web site says that the diversion "will be an important and basic facility for mitigating the existing crisis of water resources in north China" and that sufficient studies have been done. Wang Jian, a former environmental and water management official with the Beijing government and the State Council, China's cabinet, agreed that the project "carries huge risks," but he said there were no other options given the severity of the current water shortage.
The middle route is to start major operations in 2014, and the eastern route is expected to be operational by 2013. The lines were originally supposed to open by the 2008 Summer Olympics, but have been hobbled by myriad problems.
The diversion project was first studied in the 1950s, after Mao uttered: "Water in the south is abundant, water in the north scarce. If possible, it would be fine to borrow a little."
In a country afflicted by severe cycles of droughts and floods and peasant rebellions that often resulted from them, control of water has always been important to Chinese rulers. Emperors sought to legitimize their rule with large-scale water projects like the Grand Canal or the irrigation system in Dujiangyan.
After the initial studies in the 1950s, the government did not look seriously again at the project until the 1990s, when north China was hit hard by droughts. In 2002, the State Council gave the green light for work to start on the middle and eastern routes; the western route, which would run at an average altitude of 10,000 to 13,000 feet across the Tibetan plateau to help irrigate the Yellow River basin, has been deemed too difficult to start for now.
Officials in Tianjin are so skeptical of the eastern route's ability to deliver drinkable water that they are looking at desalinization as an alternative. Planners have more hope for the middle route, though the engineering is a much greater challenge — the canal has to be built entirely from scratch, with 1,774 structures constructed along its length to channel the water, since there is no pre-existing waterway like the Grand Canal to follow.
At the start of the route, the water level of the Danjiangkou Reservoir on the Han River has been raised 43 feet to 558 feet so that the water can flow downhill to Beijing. The government said the rising waters and a need to combat soil erosion necessitated moving 130,000 farmers last year from around the reservoir. Similar relocations are taking place all along the main channel, which runs through four provinces.
About 1,300 residents of Qingshan township have been moved to Xiangbei Farm, desolate land where a prison once stood. The villagers now live in sterile rows of yellow concrete houses 125 miles east of their abandoned ancestral homes. A government sign in the middle of the settlement says: "The land is fertile and has complete irrigation systems."
The farmers know better. Each person is supposed to get a small plot of land free, but the soil here is well known to be exceedingly poor. The people also complain that in the government's compensation formula, their old homes were undervalued, so many have had to pay several thousand dollars to buy new homes.
"There's nothing here," said Huang Jiuguo, 57. "There's no enterprise. Our children are grown, and they need something to do."
For three days last November, thousands of residents of a resettlement area in Qianjiang city blocked roads to protest poorly built homes and lack of promised compensation, according to a report by Radio Free Asia. Officials ordered the police to break up the rally, resulting in clashes, injuries and arrests.
Forced relocations, though, could pale next to larger fallouts from the project.
"We feel that we are still unsure how the project is going to impact on the environment, ecologies, economies and society at large," said Mr. Du, the geographer in Wuhan, who carefully added he was not outright opposed to the project.
The central question for people in Hubei is whether the Han River, crucial to farming and industrial production hubs, will be killed to keep north China alive.
In a paper published in the Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mr. Du and two co-authors estimated that the diversion project would reduce the flow of the middle and lower stretches of the Han significantly, "leading to an uphill situation for the prevention of water pollution and ecological protection." Though the study first appeared in 2006, the government has not altered its original plan, Mr. Du said.
Central planners decided on the amount of water to be diverted based on calculations of water flow in the Han done from the 1950s to the early 1990s; since then, the water flow has dropped, partly because of prolonged droughts, but planners have made no adjustments, Mr. Du said. The amount to be diverted is more than one-third of the annual water flow. "That will exert a huge damaging impact on the river," he said.
The Han River is already facing enormous challenges — industries are discharging more and more pollutants, companies are dredging sand to feed construction needs in nearby cities and algal bloom has hit the river hard. The diversion of water to Beijing will add to the pressures. "If the water quality cannot be ameliorated effectively, the aquatic life populations will be further decimated," Mr. Du and his co-authors wrote.
The diversion from the Han is necessitating more complex projects to raise water levels. One side diversion brings water from the Yangtze to the Han. Another would bring water from the Three Gorges reservoir to the Danjiangkou reservoir.
Government officials in the south are keenly aware of the changes coming to the Han. In Xiangfan, officials have shuttered some small factories like paper producers and forced others to use more nonpolluting materials, said Yun Jianli, director of the environmental advocacy group Green Han River. "The local government is very concerned about the river and impact of the diversion project," she said.
The political conflicts are obvious. Mr. Du, a member of the provincial consultative legislature, said officials in Hubei had been in constant negotiations with officials in Beijing for compensation. In the 1990s, the central government proposed a package of water projects valued at $50 million at the time to help Hubei. After rounds of negotiations, the current proposal for supplemental water projects is estimated at more than $1 billion.
The demands of the north will not abate. Migration from rural areas means Beijing's population is growing by one million every two years, according to an essay in China Daily written last October by Hou Dongmin, a scholar of population development at Renmin University of China. "With its dwindling water resources, Beijing cannot sustain a larger population," Mr. Hou said. "Instead, it should make serious efforts to control the population, if not reduce it."
Beijing has about 100 cubic meters, or 26,000 gallons, of water available per person. According to a standard adopted by the United Nations, that is a fraction of the 1,000 cubic meters, or 260,000 gallons, per person that indicates chronic water scarcity.
The planning for Beijing's growth up to 2020 by the State Council already assumes the water diversion will work, rather than planning for growth with much less water, said Mr. Wang, the former official.
City planners see a Beijing full of golf courses, swimming pools and nearby ski slopes — the model set by the West.
"Instead of transferring water to meet the growing demand of a city, we should decide the size of a city according to how much water resources it has," Mr. Wang said. "People's desire for development has no end."
The New York Times


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Rangers stay alive
Published 1:51 am Thursday, June 12, 2014
NEW YORK (AP) — The champagne the Los Angeles Kings had ready for a coronation stayed in boxes. The New York Rangers suddenly have some life in the Stanley Cup finals.
Henrik Lundqvist made 40 saves and had the Madison Square Garden crowd chanting his name in the Rangers' 2-1 victory in Game 4 that kept the Los Angeles Kings from sweeping them on Wednesday night.
Benoit Pouliot and Martin St. Louis each scored for the Rangers, who kept the Kings at bay. Los Angeles leads the series 3-1 and will get its second shot to claim the Cup for the second time in three years Friday night at home.
Los Angeles hoped to become the first team since 1998 to complete a sweep in the finals. Now the Rangers will try to become the second team to erase a 3-0 hole in the finals and go on to win the Cup. The Kings had that kind of comeback in the first round against San Jose.
"It's not impossible," Lundqvist said. "They've done it."
Twice Los Angeles put the puck on the goal line, but couldn't get it all the way across. The last came with 1:11 left in the game when Rangers forward Derek Stepan pushed the puck out of danger in the crease after it got behind Lundqvist.
Pouliot scored 7:25 into the first period and St. Louis added a goal in the second for the Rangers. New York squandered multiple two-goal advantages in losing the first two games in overtime in Los Angeles.
Not this time.
Lundqvist and the Rangers continued their mastery of extending their seasons. New York is 11-2 in the past 13 games when facing elimination, and Lundqvist was in goal for all of them.
The Rangers also have won an NHL-record eight consecutive home games when facing elimination, dating to 2008, behind Lundqvist.
New York has also won a home game in 15 consecutive playoff series, tying a league mark.
The Kings pressed for the tying goal in the third period and outshot the Rangers 15-1 in the frame and 41-19 overall.
"I think we sat back a little too much in the third period. But we didn't blow the lead this time," Stepan said.
Two nights after Jonathan Quick stopped 32 shots in a 3-0 victory that put the Kings on the brink of another championship, Pouliot got a puck past him.
St. Louis then put in a rebound at the left post 6:27 into the second, giving the Rangers their fifth two-goal lead of the series. But just like in Games 1 and 2, a two-goal deficit sparked the Kings.
At the tail end of a Rangers power play, New York defenseman Dan Girardi broke his stick and lost the puck to Kings captain Dustin Brown for a breakaway the other way.
Brown made several moves in front of Lundqvist before tucking a forehand inside the right post to make it 2-1 with 11:13 left in the second.
The Kings had a chance to get even, but the Rangers killed Dominic Moore's cross-checking penalty late in the period. Jeff Carter then got behind Girardi before being stopped on a breakaway by Lundqvist.
Pouliot broke Quick's shutout streak at 123 minutes, 1 second. New York hadn't scored since Derick Brassard's second-period goal in Game 2. Pouliot's fifth goal of the playoffs came 2 seconds after Kings defenseman Willie Mitchell finished serving a high-sticking penalty.
John Moore fired a drive from the center of the blue line that Pouliot deflected high with his stick blade into the top right corner behind Quick, who finished with xx saves.
The Kings almost tied it at 1-1 with 8:11 left — seconds into a power play — when defenseman Alec Martinez's shot got behind Lundqvist and slid along the red goal line without crossing it. Rangers defenseman Anton Stralman cleared the puck away as Jeff Carter and Marian Gaborik pressured in the crease.
Video replay clearly showed that the puck didn't go over the line.
Madison Square Garden had a different feel than the festive atmosphere of Game 3 when the Rangers returned home from Los Angeles. There were no t-shirts draped over the seats, and some of the seats in prime-viewing areas were empty. But as the Rangers started to score, the crowd slowly came alive, roaring in approval.


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Wilson Tennis Bags & Backpacks
Browse Wilson Tennis Bags & Backpacks
Bag Type
15 Racquet Bag 3 Racquet Bag 6 Racquet Bag 8-12 Racquet Bag Gear Duffel Bag Tennis Backpacks Wheeled Bag
From tournament bags to backpacks, Tennis-Point carries a great selection of Wilson tennis bags. Nothing says tennis like a Wilson logo bag – and now you can throw one over your shoulder as you head to the court. The perfect complement to your Wilson tennis racquet, these bags offer an iconic style that has long graced the courtsides of tournaments around the world. Check out our selection below, and be sure to take a look at our broader selection of tennis bags, tennis racquets, and other Wilson tennis gear today!


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An efficient moisturising hand soap ball.
A round soap for daily use. Contains sea salt, crowberry powder and fragrant essential oils from black spruce. The crowberry has been through the ages an important c-vitamin source and spice for the Nordic people. Crowberry is good in skincare because it contains a lot of antioxidants, flavoinoids, anthocyanins and even more c-vitamins than in blueberry. The minerals of the salt soap nourish the skin and help retain its natural moisture. Black spruce oil is naturally antistatic and keeps hands clean for a long time. The salt soap gently disinfects your skin while improving its general well-being. Coconut butter, olive oil and Finnish rapeseed oil make this soap ball even gentler and more efficient at moisturising. In addition to hands, this salt soap ball can be used on the whole body. This soap ball is fully biodegradable. It does not include any synthetic fragrances or chemicals which could cause symptoms to sensitive people, or which harm the nature when entering the sewer system. Please note! As the soap ball contains salt, it is best not to use it on areas with open cuts in order to avoid irritation. Do also use caution around the eyes and the sensitive skin surrounding them.
Package size | 200g |
Country of origin | Finland |
Ingredients | sodium cocoate, sodium olivate, sodium canola oil, maris sal, empetrum nigrum, picea mariana oil, activated charcoal, limonene |
YES | natural, organic, vegan, natural essential oil, fresh, gentle and skilled artisan process |
NO | preservative, alcohol, synthetics, plastic |
How to & usage
Usage | hand soap, body soap |
How to | Wet the skin with water, rub the soap ball onto your hands and rub onto skin. Rinse the skin with ample amounts of water. |
This product contains
activated charcoal
Activated charcoal is gentle but detergent material. Activated charcoal has an excellent ability to absorb dirt, grease and impurities. In addition to its deep cleansing power, activated charcoal has an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial property.
black spruce oil
Black spruce essential oil has an immediate grounding effect. It is great for centering, calming and focusing. If one can picture the full, majestic Black Spruce tree, a sense of rootedness and expansiveness occurs. Once feeling grounded, we can feel more connected to our breath, opening and expanding on many levels.
crowberry powder
Made from Finnish coldpressed and dried crowberry. The crowberry has been through the ages an important c-vitamin source and spice for the Nordic people. Crowberry is good in skincare because it contains a lot of antioxidants, flavoinoids, anthocyanins and even more c-vitamins than in blueberry.
extra virgin olive oil
Olive oil makes the soap soft, extremely healing, and slightly creamy. A soap containing olive oil keeps getting better as it matures and hardens.
organic rapeseed oil
Among other things, Finnish cold-pressed rapeseed oil contains omega fatty acids. It moisturizes, nourishes, and softens dry skin.
coconut butter
Due to the small molecular size of its fatty acids, the skin absorbs coconut butter quickly. It also balances out the other vegetable oils contained in the product.
sea salt
The minerals in sea salt give overall balance to the skin. Sea salt is suitable for all skin types and is especially useful for dry skin. The salt crystals melt in use and mix with the lather, making it gentler to the skin. Salt also makes the soap last longer in use.


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China Study co-author and 14 other health and fitness experts to appear at Marshall festival
MARSHALL, Texas, Dec. 29, 2012 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- T. Colin Campbell, Cornell University Professor Emeritus and co-author of best selling nutrition book, The China Study, will deliver the keynote address at Marshall's New Year, New You Health Fest on Friday, Jan. 11 at the Marshall Civic Center, said Mayor Ed Smith.
"Dr. Campbell was our first choice," Smith said. "We are extremely pleased that such a respected pioneer in nutrition will be sharing the depth of his knowledge with us during the first and second day of the 3-day festival."
Campbell, 78, is an American biochemist who specializes in the effects of nutrition on long-term health. He is the author of over 300 research papers and also starred in the 2011 American documentary, Forks Over Knives.
Also speaking at the festival will be Dr. Michael Greger, creator of nutritionfacts.org, Dr. Milton Mills, Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Julieanna Hever, author of The Complete Idiots Guide to Plant-Based Nutrition, Dr. Kerrie Saunders, author of The Vegan Diet as Chronic Disease Prevention, Victoria Moran, author of Main Street Vegan, Ellen Jaffe Jones, author of Eat Vegan on $4 a Day, Gene Baur, co-founder of Farm Sanctuary, and Roberta Schiff, nationally acclaimed presenter and speaker. Cooking demos will be taught by Lindsay Nixon, author of The Happy Herbivore Cookbook, Del Sroufe, author of Forks Over Knives The Cookbook, Chef AJ, author of Unprocessed, and Kathryn Lorusso, PCRM instructor. Fitness sessions will be led by champion bodybuilder, Robert Cheeke and celebrity trainer, John Pierre.
Campbell speaks at 6:30 p.m. on Friday, Jan. 11, after the 4 p.m. registration and 5:30 p.m. introductory remarks. He also speaks on Saturday, Jan. 12 at 8:30 a.m. at The Marshall Visual Arts Center.
The New Year, New You Health Fest began in 2012 as part of the Get Healthy Marshall community initiative organized by Mayor Ed Smith and his wife, Amanda. The 3-day festival will bring several hundred visitors into Marshall from as far away as California, New Hampshire, New Jersey and Wisconsin.
For More Information:
Crystal Gable
Get Healthy Marshall
[email protected]
SOURCE Get Healthy Marshall


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The most dominant UM defenses were run-stuffing, ball-hawking machines, with a knack for forcing turnovers. Coach Al Golden and coordinator Mark D'Onofrio want to construct that type of unit, but it's going to take time, considering UM lost Sean Spence and four key linemen and now must break in a talented freshman class.
Here's the good news: Only 17 of 120 teams allowed fewer points per game than UM's 20.1 last season. UM was a respectable 45th in average yards allowed (359).
But here's the problem: Not enough game-changing plays. UM's six interceptions were the nation's 10th-fewest and tied with Duke for worst in the conference, well behind North Carolina State's 27. This has been a problem much of the past five years here, and it must change.
Also, 70 teams recovered more fumbles than UM's nine. And UM recovered 40.9 percent of the opponent's 22 fumbles -- 91st in the country.
"This spring, we were stripping balls better, making interceptions better, than any point since I've been here," D'Onofrio said. Before 2011, "the defenses I've coached had takeaways in high numbers." Assessing UM's defense, with practice starting Friday:
### Defensive line: Darius Smith is the front-runner to start alongside Curtis Porter at tackle ("those two distanced themselves," D'Onofrio said), and Shayon Green and former linebacker Kelvin Cain will compete for the end spot opposite Anthony Chickillo.
"Shayon had the best spring of any defensive end," D'Onofrio said. "He hasn't played as much as we want because of injury, but we can count on him. I want Chickillo to be more physical at the point of attack, be as strong at the end of the season as the beginning, and not get worn down. He's 20 pounds heavier."
UM finished 68th with 24 sacks but lost Olivier Vernon and Marcus Robinson. So the Canes need immediate pass rush help from at least two of four freshmen ends, with Tyriq McCord and Jelani Hamilton the most likely. Among four freshmen and redshirt freshman Ricardo Williams, "we'll have to get two of those five to play now," D'Onofrio said.
Jalen Grimble, Olsen Pierre, Luther Robinson, Corey King and well-regarded newcomers Earl Moore, Jacoby Briscoe and Dequan Ivery give UM the defensive tackle depth it lacked in 2011. "That's nine guys, so it's some pretty stiff competition," D'Onofrio said.
### Linebacker: UM feels good about how Denzel Perryman has seized the middle linebacker spot. "He's got great instincts, tremendous burst," D'Onofrio said. But "Sean Spence knew where it was going before it went. That's the challenge for Denzel. He's got all the tools to be a great one. But talent isn't enough."
Ramon Buchanan (who missed the last eight games after a season-ending knee injury last year) also will start, likely opposite Jimmy Gaines, who blamed a lull in his play for losing his starting job last November.
D'Onofrio envisions potential third-down roles for Eddie Johnson (very good speed) and Tyrone Cornelius ("fast guy who can blitz or cover"). UM expects Raphael Kirby and Gionni Paul will be factors, and freshman Gabe Terry "was a great pass rusher in high school and another option on third down," D'Onofrio said. Thurston Armbrister will get a look; Josh Witt has quit football because of concussions.
### Safety: UM isn't fretting about losing Ray-Ray Armstrong because of a growing confidence in Kacy Rodgers and AJ Highsmith, who have more speed than Armstrong. Even before Armstrong was booted, "AJ and Kacy closed the gap," D'Onofrio said.
Starter Vaughn Telemaque's inconsistent spring concerned coaches, but they say he finished strong. Though UM said it originally planned to use highly-regarded freshman Deon Bush at cornerback, his father said he has been moved to safety.
### Cornerback: D'Onofrio said he expects Brandon McGee, Thomas Finnie and Ladarius Gunter "to be three of the six who will play, with the young guys fighting it out for the other three." Elite recruit Tracy Howard assuredly will be one: "A great player who understands the game as well as any kid I've been around," D'Onofrio said.
Senior McGee, a likely starter, "is definitely ahead of Finnie and Gunter but not where he needs to be," defensive backs coach Paul Williams said. "I tell him he needs to be productive." Larry Hope, Vernon Davis and Nate Dortch figure to compete for the fifth and sixth jobs.
### Former Hurricanes Lamar Miller and Olivier Vernon have made strong early impressions on Dolphins teammates. "Lamar's burst is unreal," cornerback Sean Smith said. "Every day he's had at least one 15, 20 yard-run. The guy has great vision."
Vernon has had at least two sacks in training camp, and Cam Wake said there's no dropoff when he replaces a veteran: "I'm really excited [about him]. He has a lot of spunk."
Said defensive line coach Kacy Rodgers (father of the UM safety): "Oliver has a long way to go technique-wise, but he plays with the right temperament."… The Dolphins auditioned former UM guard Joel Figueroa on Monday but opted not to sign him.
#### If David Garrard wins the starting quarterback job – and he has a slight lead through four days – the hope internally is he can do what Chad Pennington did for them in 2008. "David is a little bit like Chad," tight end Anthony Fasano said. "They're both very smart and savvy."… Count receiver Jeff Fuller (Texas A&M) and defensive ends Jarrell Root (Boise State) and Derrick Shelby (Utah) among undrafted rookies that have made an early impression in camp... Rookie safety Kelcie McCray, who was in the mix for a roster spot, tweeted that he broke his foot and will undergo surgery.
### Among the Marlins' many problems is they back-loaded so many contracts. Jose Reyes, due $10 million in 2012 and 2013, will pocket $16 million in 2014 and $22 million each of the following three years, when his deal becomes an albatross. Ricky Nolasco jumps from $9 million to $11.5 million next year; Heath Bell from $6 million to $9 million each of the next two; and Mark Buehrle from $6 million to $11 million in 2013 and then $18 million and $19 million.
### Unless they decide Justin Ruggiano is a full-time player, the Marlins will enter the off-season needing at least three reasonably-priced starting position players to join Jose Reyes, Giancarlo Stanton, Emilio Bonifacio, Logan Morrison (Marlins want him to play first base next year) and a potential Rob Brantly/John Buck catcher platoon.
The Marlins love the offensive potential of Zack Cox, acquired in Tuesday's Edward Mujica trade with St. Louis, but it may be a stretch to envision him as Miami's starting third baseman to start next year. Cox, a first-round pick in 2010, was hitting .254 with nine homers, 30 RBI for the Cardinals' Triple A team.
### Though his agent said nothing has been decided, Heat assistant coach and summer league coach David Fizdale said "all things point toward [free agent] Terrel Harris being back. He has some gifts we really like. You can't teach that speed and tenacity."… The Heat has put a decision on Darko Milicic on hold while evaluating developmental centers such as rookie Justin Hamilton, who has been working with Heat coaches this week.
### Marc Hochman and Jonathan Zaslow are expected to be named 790 The Ticket's new morning team, barring something unforseen.


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This site is dedicated to the pioneer families who settled in beautiful Lincoln County and called it home. The purpose of The GaGenWeb site is to assist genealogy researchers in finding information about their Lincoln County ancestors. The GAGenWeb's parent project, the USGenWeb Project, consists of a group of volunteers working together to provide Internet websites for genealogical research in every county and every state of the United States. The Project is non-commercial and fully committed to free access for everyone. My thanks to the previous County Coordinators for their outstanding work, and permission to retain what they achieved. I will continue to build on their work. If you have information, documents, photos or anything of interest to Lincoln County folks, and are willing to share, please contact me. We are always in need of help. Copyrighted materiel is not used except with the permission of the copyright owner.
Lincoln County is located in the Northeast area of Georgia and borders the Savannah River and Clark's Hill Lake. Our neighboring counties are Elbert, McDuffie , the GaGenWeb Wikes County site, Wilkes (Keith Giddeon's site) and Wilkes (Tom Hammack's site), and Columbia, GA, and McCormick County, SC. As McCormick Co., SC was not formed until 1912, Abbeville and Edgefield Counties of SC may also be of interest. Lincoln County was carved out of Wilkes County in 1796 and named for Major General Benjamin Lincoln, Revolutionary War hero who commanded the Battle of Savannah.
In the days before white man came, the area was inhabited by the Cherokee and Creek Indians. Pioneers, having heard about the beauty and the excellent resources, began to move into the territory as early as 1750. The tribes ceded the land to the United States in 1773 when Wilkes County was formed. There were conflicts between settlers and Indians until 1774 when a peace treaty was signed.
County GaGenWeb Archives Includes Census
for 1810 (Tax List in lieu of census) through 1880.
Pictures of the Midway Methodist Church
100th Anniversary celebration. Lincoln County Links
County Chamber of Commerce Lincoln County Maps
Lincoln County Maps 1777 to
1796 and a 1914 map showing the towns. AFRICAN-AMERICAN AND AMERICAN INDIAN
Last Updated Sunday, 29-Oct-2017 22:50:12 MDT © 2003-Present Elizabeth M. Nash and Paula Perkins 2017 to present Disclaimer: The USGenWeb Project, The GAGenWeb Project, & The Lincoln County GaGenWeb Project are non-commercial, all-volunteer organizations and NOT connected in any way with USGenWeb, Inc., a for-profit Idaho corporation. Everything in this site is the representation of hours of work by volunteers, and NONE of the material on these pages is to be used for profit. The GAGenWeb Project, USGenWeb Project and Lincoln County, GAGenWeb Project are non-commercial, non-profit sites. Copyrighted materiel is not used without permission of the copyright holder. We strive to protect the privacy of living individuals. |


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Illinois used faulty methods for withdrawing federal Medicaid money, resulting in "a perpetual 'treadmill effect'" of regular overdraws of dollars that the state later had trouble repaying, federal auditors said in a report released Monday.
The state's withdrawals exceeded its actual Medicaid spending by an average of $60 million per quarter during the three years reviewed, according to the report from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Inspector General.
The federal government may have lost as much as $792,000 in interest during fiscal 2010 through 2012 because the state repaid the money two to six months later, the report said.
Meanwhile, Illinois used the money for other purposes. The state deposited the overdrawn Medicaid money directly into the state's general revenue fund, the same fund used for transportation, education and pensions, the report said. The money was used to pay non-Medicaid expenditures because it was mixed in with other money in the fund.
Federal rules require states to limit the amount of Medicaid transfers to what the states really need and to minimize the time states hold onto the money.
RELATED: Interactive graphic: Measuring Obamacare's effect
Medicaid is a federal and state program that pays medical expenses of the poor and disabled. In Illinois, the state and federal governments each pay for about half the program's expenses. The Illinois Medicaid program now covers 3 million people with a budget of about $18 billion.
The federal review was part of a series related to states' withdrawals of federal Medicaid money.
It's the latest difficulty for Illinois Department of Healthcare and Family Services Director Julie Hamos, who earlier this year was hit with an Illinois audit finding the program overpaid $12.3 million for medical care for 2,850 people who were dead.
In a letter responding to the new federal audit, Hamos said her department is addressing the problem "to reduce the amounts of overdraws and underdraws of federal Medicaid funds." Hamos said the expansion of managed care in Illinois' Medicaid program "should allow for more consistent payment cycles and better estimates of the federal share of payments."
Illinois has lagged behind other states in adopting managed care, which pays insurers and health networks fixed per-patient fees instead of paying separately for every appointment, surgery and test. A 2011 state law required expanding managed care to half the state's Medicaid patients by 2015.
Older computer technology may also play a role in the problem. In her letter of response, Hamos said a new information system, which will calculate the federal government's Medicaid share, would be in place by the end of 2017.
CARLA K. JOHNSON, AP Medical Writer