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SHEA, Sir AMBROSE, newspaperman, businessman, politician, and governor of the Bahamas; baptized 15 May 1815 in St John's, fifth son of Henry Shea* and Eleanor Ryan; m. first 24 June 1851 Isabella Nixon (d. 1877) in New York City; m. secondly 26 Nov. 1878 Louisa M. Hart, née Bouchette, in Quebec City; there were no children of either marriage; d. 30 July 1905 in London, England.
Ambrose Shea's father, Henry, an immigrant from County Tipperary (Republic of Ireland) about 1784, founded one of the most talented and influential of 19th-century Newfoundland families. A respected merchant in St John's, he could afford to provide his ten children with a decent education though he was of modest means, and it was presumably he who furnished the money to start the Newfoundlander newspaper, begun by his son John in 1827. On Henry's death three years later John took over his father's premises and trade, which he apparently gave up in 1836. The following year he moved permanently to Ireland, eventually to become the mayor of Cork. The Newfoundlander was taken over by his brothers William Richard* and Ambrose as joint proprietors. On William's death in 1844, Ambrose became printer and publisher as well as editor, but in 1846 he moved away from journalism, the paper going to his younger brother, Edward Dalton*. It is likely that Ambrose had decided to concentrate on a business he started that year in partnership with James Murphy of Liverpool, England, as a shipbroker and commission merchant. The partnership ended, probably in bankruptcy, in 1848, and Shea subsequently launched his own, independent business. The same year he was elected to the House of Assembly as a member for Placentia–St Mary's, having declined nomination in 1842. Thus began a political career that was to last 40 years.
Contemporaries recognized that Shea possessed considerable ability. He was intelligent, articulate, well informed, with what Daniel Woodley Prowse* described as a magnetic personality. All agreed that he was influential, for years a significant player on the political scene. Yet he never achieved high public office locally, a puzzling fact which demands explanation. It is important to remember that Shea was a native Newfoundlander and that he came from a family which espoused the older Irish tradition of cooperation with the British authorities. In the 1830s the Newfoundland Roman Catholic church, and the Liberal party which emerged after 1832, became dominated by immigrant Irishmen whose political attitudes were conditioned by the more aggressive nationalism of the period. Moreover, the party became closely allied with the ecclesiastical hierarchy. The Shea family had always opposed clerical interference in public life, and as editor of the Newfoundlander Ambrose had consistently promoted the interests of native Newfoundlanders regardless of denomination. He welcomed the foundation of the non-sectarian Newfoundland Natives' Society in 1840, and he joined its management committee in 1842 and became president in 1846, in the face of fierce attacks on the society from "priests' party" Catholics and from the priests themselves. His brother Dr Joseph Shea had in fact left the colony in 1837 as a result of such attacks. Therefore, though elected to the assembly as a Liberal, Ambrose stood apart from the mainstream of the party. He supported the O'Connellite agitation in Ireland and Newfoundland and other Liberal causes, such as the introduction of responsible government, but there was little chance of his becoming party leader. His identification was far more with fellow natives of a similar social class than with the network of immigrant Catholic families, headed by such figures as John Kent* and Patrick Morris*, that clustered around the Benevolent Irish Society, of which, significantly, Shea was not a member.
The Liberal party of the late 1840s was neither militant nor well organized. This situation gradually changed after 1850, when John Thomas Mullock* became Roman Catholic bishop, and Philip Francis Little* replaced Kent as leader. Shea at first refused to toe the party line on two issues: the subdivision of the Protestant education grant and the redistribution of seats under a future responsible government. But by 1852 he had closed ranks with the new leadership in the campaign for responsible government and had emerged as the Liberal spokesman on reciprocity with the United States. The Liberal party adopted "free trade" as one of its main causes – the largely mercantile Conservatives were on the whole opposed – and was concerned lest Newfoundland be overlooked in the treaty negotiations in Washington. In 1853, therefore, Shea went to Washington as the delegate of the Liberal-dominated assembly to press for the colony's inclusion. His mission was successful, and it marks the beginning of his long identification with the idea that strong trade links with the United States would be of great benefit to Newfoundland.
The May 1855 election inaugurated responsible government, and Shea was returned on the party slate for St John's West. When the assembly convened, he was elected speaker. Any bitterness over his exclusion from the Executive Council was mitigated when his brother Edward, one of the Ferryland members, was promoted in 1858. His omission may be explained in part by the demands of his business. Shea was never a wealthy man. He had neither partners nor sons and therefore was forced to devote a considerable amount of time to a firm that was expanding from the general trade of the colony into insurance and into acting as agent for the new transatlantic steamer service, which was inaugurated in 1859. In addition, Shea was active in the formation of the General Water Company, launched in January the same year to extend and improve the St John's water system and fire brigade. He served as the company's first president and again during the 1860s.
In July 1858 John Kent replaced Little as premier. Before long, serious tensions developed between the immigrant, pro-clerical wing of the Liberal party and the native wing, of which Shea was a prominent member. Moreover, there was a certain coolness between Shea and the new premier. It was publicized in February 1859, when Shea threatened to resign as speaker because Kent had not consulted him over a local appointment to an Anglo-French commission on the French Shore – a post which Kent took for himself. The premier found himself in the humiliating situation of having to move a resolution in the assembly asking Shea to stay on.
The Liberal government survived the 1859 election with an unchanged majority, but had had to face more challenges than in 1855. In partnership with the prominent Methodist James Johnstone Rogerson, Shea contested the marginal Burin district against the Conservative leader, Hugh William Hoyles*, and Edward Evans. It was a hard-fought battle long remembered in the colony, from which the Liberals emerged with a slim majority. Though such a famous victory must have given Shea a claim on a cabinet post, he stayed on as speaker, and apparently did little to patch up the divisions within the party. The 1860 session saw acrimonious exchanges between Shea, Kent, and the attorney general, George James Hogsett*, but what his precise role may have been in the collapse of the Kent government in February the following year is hard to assess. Though Shea was ill and absent from the assembly for much of the crucial period from December 1860 onwards, there were many who believed that, in spite of his brother's presence in the cabinet, he was orchestrating the tactics of the anti-Kent forces. In any event, when Governor Sir Alexander Bannerman* dismissed the Kent ministry and installed Hoyles as leader of a minority government, Shea and Laurence O'Brien* were invited to join. The latter agreed, but Shea did not. It may have been, as one newspaper suggested, that Shea demanded three Catholic seats in the executive (as Bannerman wanted) and Hoyles was not prepared to grant more than two; or Shea may have anticipated a Liberal victory in the May 1861 election; or he may simply have decided to wait and see what emerged from the political crisis he had helped to create. The Liberals fought a disorganized campaign in the May election. Shea abandoned Burin to the Conservatives and retreated to Placentia. The party as a whole was narrowly defeated, and Shea found himself a leading member of a demoralized and bitter opposition.
In the summer of 1864 the mainland architects of confederation remembered Newfoundland's existence and invited the Hoyles government to send representatives to the Quebec conference. Since the issue of union had not been debated in the colony, the government cautiously decided to send a bipartisan delegation without binding powers. Frederic Bowker Terrington Carter*, the speaker, represented Conservatives and Protestants; Shea, Liberals and Catholics. Both delegates became instant and enthusiastic confederates. They participated fully in the conference and signed "as individuals" the resolutions that resulted. At a dinner in Montreal Shea spoke glowingly of the mutual benefits to be expected as a result of confederation, and with Carter he signed a formal report warning that union could not be rejected "without aggravating the injurious consequences of our present isolation."
In Newfoundland the Quebec resolutions were discussed extensively during the 1865 legislative session. Confederation proved to be an issue that cut across existing party lines, and in supporting union Shea once again set himself apart from most Liberals and most Catholics. Indeed, very few Catholics, and those members of the élite, were to support confederation. Not surprisingly therefore, when Carter became premier on Hoyles's resignation in April 1865, the Shea brothers and John Kent (who also favoured union) joined the new government. All three became members of the executive, though Ambrose was without portfolio. In the election that fall he was again returned for Placentia.
Shea's role as the chief Catholic spokesman for confederation, as well as his change of parties and his obvious influence in the administration, made him the object of a great deal of criticism and abuse. He was widely seen as an ambitious, greedy manipulator, "a political dodger and schemer," the centre of a family compact that fattened off taxpayers and fishermen. Though respected for his abilities, Shea was mistrusted. Far more than Carter, who was generally popular, he became the lightning-rod for many anti-confederate attacks. This treatment did not alter his views, but it made virtually impossible his task of rallying Catholic opinion behind confederation. If anything, Catholic antipathy increased between 1864 and the 1869 election, in which union was the only issue. In an attempt to bolster the confederate cause, Shea made arrangements in 1869 for several hundred men to be employed on the Intercolonial Railway in the Maritime provinces. But not all found work, and men began to drift back home or elsewhere – many, indeed, never returned – with the result that Shea was subjected to a good deal of obloquy, and confederation was dealt a serious blow:
Their leader, sly Ambrose, beware of,
And keep his past conduct in view,
Remember his trick with the Navvies,
He'll try the same treatment with you.
In Placentia district Shea and his colleagues faced a slate headed by Charles James Fox Bennett*, the leader of the anti-confederate party. The electorate was overwhelmingly hostile – at Placentia itself he was greeted by priest and people bearing pots of pitch and bags of feathers – and he was badly defeated. The confederate party, led by Carter, as a whole salvaged only nine seats.
Over the next few years Shea did not play a prominent part in public life. In 1873 he ran for the Conservatives in St John's East. It was a heavily Catholic district and, being still viewed as an arch-confederate, he was defeated. However, a vacancy soon appeared at Harbour Grace, where he was returned without opposition in January 1874. In this predominately Protestant district, his return was allegedly (and quite possibly) courtesy of the Orange lodge, Orangemen having played an unusually active role in the 1873 election. Though the Bennett government had survived that contest, albeit with a reduced majority, it rapidly fell apart. In late January 1874 Carter resumed the premiership, and an election that fall gave him a working majority. Shea remained a member for Harbour Grace, the district he was to represent until 1885. Though not on the Executive Council, he was an influential and important member of the Conservative party. Both his brother and his brother-in-law William J. S. Donnelly were in the government, and it was alleged that he had considerable power over at least two other members of the executive, J. J. Rogerson and William Vallance Whiteway.
In line with attitudes he had frequently expressed in the past, Shea championed Newfoundland's adoption of the fisheries clauses in the Treaty of Washington (1871), which provided for limited reciprocal trade with the United States. Equally consistently he supported efforts to diversify the colony's economy, which in the 1870s centred around the scheme to build a trans-island railway. Shea had been the first to raise the matter in the assembly, proposing resolutions in favour of a railway in 1868. Like others who supported the line, he argued that it alone could bring about the economic stability that was needed to underpin political independence. Given Shea's prominence – Canadian newspapers tended to identify him as the colony's premier – it is at first sight surprising that he did not succeed Carter when the latter retired from politics in 1878. Instead Shea acquiesced in Whiteway's succession to the premiership. The reason, probably, is that the Conservative party was not yet ready for a Catholic leader, particularly one with so long and controversial a history. In any event, there is truth in the frequently repeated criticism that Shea preferred to work behind the scenes; as the Terra Nova Advocate and Political Observer of St John's acidly noted, he had little need to wear the feathers when he was already cock of the roost.
Shea was a member of the joint select committee that in 1880 recommended the construction of a railway from St John's to Halls Bay, and he actively championed a tender submitted by Edmund W. Plunkett of Montreal. This position set him against Whiteway, who supported a tender from Albert L. Blackman of New York. The dispute raised the question of the railway's gauge, since Plunkett was not prepared to build narrow gauge, as recommended by the government. Blackman eventually won the contract, and as compensation Shea and Company was awarded the agency for the Newfoundland Railway Company, which began work in the summer of 1881. Improperly spent railway funds, so it was alleged, allowed Shea to create sufficient jobs in his district to win re-election in 1882. This contest saw the virtual coalition of the Conservative and Liberal parties against an amorphous New party, which opposed the railway, and with the appointment of Joseph Ignatius Little to the Supreme Court in 1883, Shea was without question the most senior and influential Catholic politician. The Liberal leadership, however, passed to Robert John Kent*. Having taken his nephew George Shea* into the business in 1884, Ambrose set his sights on imperial preferment. He collected a kcmg in 1883, the same year in which he acted as Newfoundland's commissioner at the International Fisheries Exhibition in London, and in 1884 he sent a note to the Canadian prime minister, Sir John A. Macdonald*, suggesting that the latter might like to support his bid to be appointed governor of Newfoundland. After all, he wrote, for 30 years he had been "never in office but always doing the work of those who were."
This letter was written against a background of great political complexity. An Orange–Catholic riot at Harbour Grace late in 1883 and the ensuing trials of a number of Catholics accused of murder had placed the Liberal–Conservative coalition under great strain [see Sir Robert Thorburn; W. V. Whiteway]. This tension in turn imperilled colonial approval of an Anglo-French fisheries convention that the imperial government was anxious to conclude. Shea exerted his diplomatic talents to keep the Whiteway coalition together, a task in which he succeeded until February 1885, when the passage of an offensively anti-Catholic resolution in the assembly caused all Catholic members, including him, to sit as an independent Liberal group. Leaving his present and former colleagues to struggle through to the end of the session, Shea himself went to Washington as a delegate of the St John's Chamber of Commerce. His task was to discuss with American authorities the possible renewal of the fisheries clauses of the Treaty of Washington, which were due to expire that July.
The visit caused a flurry of controversy. Some in Canada feared that Newfoundland had received permission to negotiate an independent treaty, while in Newfoundland there were those who felt that Shea had made the colony appear as a supplicant, when in fact it was in a position to drive a harder bargain than the Treaty of Washington. Shea had discussions with Thomas F. Bayard, the secretary of state, and then went on to Ottawa, where he saw Macdonald and the governor general, Lord Lansdowne [Petty-Fitzmaurice*]. His shuttle diplomacy helped prevent a fisheries crisis between the United States and Canada by instituting a modus vivendi, and it effectively paved the way for the substantive discussions on trade and fisheries that started in 1887. This contribution made Shea "persona gratissima" with the Colonial Office, where Frederick Arthur Stanley told him that his services would be suitably recognized. Lansdowne found Shea "pleasant and presentable" and reported that he had undertaken to press for confederation if appointed governor. Since Governor Sir John Hawley Glover* was ill, it seemed that Shea might achieve his ambition.
In Newfoundland, Shea assumed the leadership of the Liberal party as the general election scheduled for 31 Oct. 1885 approached. Most Protestant politicians had coalesced in the newly created Reform party under the compromise leadership of Robert Thorburn, and the campaign was virulently sectarian in nature. However, Shea discreetly opened negotiations with senior Reform politicians, offering the Catholic vote to Reform candidates in districts with Protestant majorities and broaching the question of an amalgamation of parties in the future. He did not, it seems, raise the matter of the governorship. Shea delivered the Catholic vote in the agreed districts, thus helping to ensure a Reform victory. He himself ran successfully in the Catholic district of St John's East.
The election safely over, Shea departed for London. Glover had died at the end of September, and Shea had immediately begun to lobby for the succession. But he was not the only Newfoundlander in competition: Carter, now chief justice, also wanted the post and was supported by Whiteway, who, having resigned from politics, was angling for a seat on the bench. In the event, the Colonial Office decided to appoint Shea, presumably because of his pro-Canadian attitudes and proven diplomatic abilities. It was an insensitive decision. Shea was the Catholic leader of the Catholic opposition party, and was certainly not acceptable to senior politicians in the colony. Once the news became known in St John's late in December, the protests gathered strength. Thorburn, now premier, Carter, Whiteway, the chamber of commerce, all joined in the chorus. The government prepared to resign if the appointment went through. In the face of such opposition the Colonial Office had to withdraw Shea's name. A bitterly disappointed Shea returned to St John's late in February 1886 and treated his sympathetic constituents to a venomous public speech attacking his opponents and alleging that he was the victim of Orange bigotry.
His replacement as governor was Sir George William Des Vœux, who reported that Shea felt the slur keenly and had been placed in a "painful and humiliating position." Though Shea huffed about his ability to bring the government down, and the government certainly feared his influence, he did not seriously attempt to embarrass the new administration when the assembly met. Des Vœux did what he could to promote a rapprochement and the government, unwilling to upset Shea further, appointed his brother Edward, who had incongruously stayed on as colonial secretary, cashier (general manager) of the Newfoundland Savings' Bank and president of the Legislative Council. Further, it did not try to change the transatlantic steamship agency when the contract came up for renewal.
In the summer of 1886 the bitterness caused by the 1885 election had lessened sufficiently that the amalgamation of parties planned the previous year could take place – though in Shea's absence. He had become an awkward and uncomfortable presence, and Des Vœux recommended that he be considered for the post of consul general at New York, passing on the Newfoundland government's desire to see Shea employed elsewhere. In the event, the government sent him to London to negotiate the colony's first foreign loan and to press its case for royal assent to an act to control the sale of bait [see Des Vœux; Thorburn]. He returned to Newfoundland briefly early in 1887 and then went back to London with Thorburn, the pair forming Newfoundland's delegation to the first Colonial Conference. They successfully arranged for royal assent to the bait bill, and Shea completed negotiations for a second loan. The news that Des Vœux was leaving Newfoundland revived his hopes for the governorship, but neither Thorburn nor Des Vœux was prepared to support him. There must have been a universal sigh of relief when the Colonial Office decided that Shea could have the vacancy created in the Bahamas by the transfer to Newfoundland of Henry Arthur Blake.
Shea left for his new post in October 1887. He remained in the Bahamas until December 1894, by all accounts an energetic and popular figure, closely associated with the promotion of sisal plantations. Though he never returned to Newfoundland to live, retiring instead to London in 1895, he remained closely in touch with local affairs, and never lost his desire to reverse the slight he had suffered in 1885–86 and be appointed governor. In 1888 he attempted to involve himself in abortive confederation negotiations – Macdonald brushed him off – and as late as 1894 solicited Canadian support for the governorship. Whiteway, who returned to the premiership in 1889, thought Shea a malign influence, with some reason, given Shea's suit against the government for commissions on the loans negotiated in 1886–87 and his advice to the Colonial Office in 1891 not to give the colony financial assistance since it would be misapplied. Whiteway's suspicions became more acute when Joseph Chamberlain was appointed secretary of state for the colonies four years later, since Shea had induced Chamberlain to invest in Bahamian sisal and the two were well acquainted.
Ambrose Shea retained a lasting bitterness against those who had denied him the Newfoundland governorship, and perhaps also resentment against a community that had prevented him from rising to high office. Newfoundland society, small and in some respects intolerant, clearly restricted Shea, who needed a larger stage on which to display his ability and pursue his ambitions. Always an outsider in his own land, he had many friends but few supporters, many admirers but few followers. His death in 1905 was the occasion for St John's, at least, to try to make amends. His remains were brought back from London, and there was a lying-in-state in the Legislative Council chamber and a state funeral. He was the first Newfoundlander to receive such elaborate obsequies, a sign of his fellow-countrymen's pride in his achievements, but as well an expression of unease that one so talented had ended his life in self-imposed exile.
[Details concerning Shea's family and his municipal activities, respectively, were kindly supplied by doctors John Mannion and Melvin Baker, both of St John's. A letter of 15 June 1895 from Sir William Vallance Whiteway to Robert Bond*, concerning Whiteway's suspicions about Shea, is found in the Bond papers, which remain in private custody. j.k.h.]
Arch. du Ministère des Affaires Étrangères (Paris), Corr. consulaire, corr. politique, Terre-Neuve, I: 87 (mfm. at NA). Centre for Newfoundland Studies, Memorial Univ. of Nfld (St John's), Arch., COLL-26 (W. V. Whiteway papers), esp. Harvey to Whiteway, 1 Jan. 1886; Shea, copy of speech, February 1886. Maritime Hist. Arch., Memorial Univ. of Nfld, Keith Matthews coll., ser.i, esp. Shea name file. NA, MG 26, A, 196832–35, 203764–70, 204389; 528: 166, 171. PANL, GN 1/3/A, F. B. T. Carter, memorandum on the Newfoundland Railway, April 1886; GN 2/2, E. D. Shea to Thorburn, 8 Jan. 1886; MG 271, box 3, file 10. Private arch., E. J. Stanley, 18th Earl of Derby (Prescot, Eng.), Papers of E. H. Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby, Lansdowne to Derby, 9 June 1885 (mfm. at NA). PRO, CO 194/208–10, 194/220; CO 537/120. Courier (St John's), 17 March 1860; 30 Jan., 2 Feb. 1861; 16 April 1873. Evening Mercury (St John's), 28 April, 12 May 1885; 22 June 1887. Evening Telegram (St John's), 3 July, 20 Sept. 1886; 26 Sept. 1887; 6 July 1891; 17 May 1893; 29 Sept. 1901; 4 Aug. 1905. Harbor Grace Standard (Harbour Grace, Nfld), 20 March 1875. Morning Chronicle (St John's), 2 June 1866; 1, 22 June, 13 July, 3 Aug., 1, 8 Oct. 1869. Newfoundlander, 4 May, 11 June 1855; 3 March, 14 Nov. 1859; 9 March 1861; 17 Nov. 1864; 19 April 1866; 27 April 1868; 25 May, 22, 29 June 1869. Newfoundland Express (St John's), 29 Jan. 1862. Patriot and Terra-Nova Herald (St John's), 3 Oct. 1859, 6 Sept. 1869, 5 Oct. 1874. Public Ledger, 27 April 1860. Terra Nova Advocate and Political Observer (St John's), 18 Dec. 1878, 18 Jan. 1879.
Paul Albury, The story of the Bahamas (London, 1975). Melvin Baker, "The government of St. John's, Newfoundland, 1800–1921" (phd thesis, Univ. of Western Ont., London, 1981). R. C. Brown, Canada's National Policy, 1883–1900: a study in Canadian-American relations (Princeton, N.J., 1964). Geoff Budden, "The role of the Newfoundland Natives' Society in the political crisis of 1840–1842" (history honours thesis, Memorial Univ. of Nfld, 1983). Michael Craton, A history of the Bahamas (3rd ed., Waterloo, Ont., 1986). P. K. Devine, Ye olde St. John's, 1750–1936 (St John's, 1936). Frank Galgay, The life and times of Sir Ambrose Shea, father of confederation (St John's, 1986). J. P. Greene, "The influence of religion in the politics of Newfoundland, 1850–1861" (ma thesis, Memorial Univ. of Nfld, 1970). G. E. Gunn, The political history of Newfoundland, 1832–1864 (Toronto, 1966). J. [K.] Hiller, "Confederation defeated: the Newfoundland election of 1869" and "The railway and local politics in Newfoundland, 1870–1901," Nfld in 19th and 20th centuries (Hiller and Neary), 67–94 and 123–47; "Hist. of Nfld." W. A. Kearns, "The Newfoundlander and Daniel O'Connell's great repeal year: a response from 'Britain's oldest colony'" (paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Committee for Irish Studies, New England Conference, Chicopee, Mass., 1986). R. V. Kubicek, The administration of imperialism: Joseph Chamberlain at the Colonial Office (Durham, N.C., 1969). Elinor [Kyte] Senior, "The origin and political activities of the Orange order in Newfoundland, 1863–1890" (ma thesis, Memorial Univ. of Nfld, 1959). The life and letters of the Rt. Hon. Sir Charles Tupper . . . , ed. E. M. Saunders (2v., London, 1916). J. [A.] Macdonald, Correspondence of Sir John Macdonald . . . , ed. Joseph Pope (Toronto, 1921). W. D. MacWhirter, "A political history of Newfoundland, 1865–1874" (ma thesis, Memorial Univ. of Nfld, 1963). D. C. Masters, The Reciprocity Treaty of 1854 . . . (London, [1937]). E. C. Moulton, "The political history of Newfoundland, 1861–1869" (ma thesis, Memorial Univ. of Nfld, 1960). Nfld, House of Assembly, Journal, 1865, app.: 654. Paul O'Neill, The story of St John's, Newfoundland (2v., Erin, Ont., 1975–76). E. A. Wells, "The struggle for responsible government in Newfoundland, 1846–1855" (ma thesis, Memorial Univ. of Nfld, 1966).
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J. K. Hiller, "SHEA, Sir AMBROSE," in Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 13, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003–, accessed March 4, 2024, http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/shea_ambrose_13E.html.
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Permalink: | http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/shea_ambrose_13E.html |
Author of Article: | J. K. Hiller |
Title of Article: | SHEA, Sir AMBROSE |
Publication Name: | Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 13 |
Publisher: | University of Toronto/Université Laval |
Year of publication: | 1994 |
Year of revision: | 1994 |
Access Date: | March 4, 2024 |


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Bias Based Policing
What is the difference between Bias-Based Policing and Criminal Profiling?
Bias-based policing is the use of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, economic status, background, age, or culture as the sole basis for police activity. It is commonly known as racial profiling. This type of policing is not a legitimate law enforcement technique. In fact, it is against departmental policy for Lady Lake police officers to practice bias-based policing. The department is committed to the fair and equal treatment of every member of the public.
Criminal Profiling is a legitimate law enforcement technique that uses knowledge, training, and experience to narrow a field of suspects during a criminal investigation. Factual information, patterns of activity, and motives are some of the aspects considered when using criminal profiling to identify a suspect. From these facts and factors, we may be able to identify a type of person or group of people by gender, age, race and by personality, social, and other characteristics that are most likely involved in criminal activity. This can result in fewer suspects to consider and a quicker resolution to the case.
Lady Lake Police Department Policy
It is the policy of the Lady Lake Police Department to patrol in a proactive manner, to investigate suspicious persons and circumstances, and to enforce motor vehicle laws. We are here to protect the community. Law enforcement officers are required to use skills developed through observation, training, and experience to identify suspicious circumstances, unusual occurrences and violations of law, and to act according to the situation. Therefore, officers focus on a person's conduct or other specific suspect information, and will have reasonable suspicion that the person contacted has been, is, or is about to violate the law.
The absence of facts, suspicious activity, or specific criminal information is what separate bias-based policing from legitimate criminal profiling.
What Can Officers Legally Do?
Officers can detain and engage any member of the public for investigative purposes when:
- There is reasonable suspicion or probable cause that a person may have been involved in or have knowledge of a crime
- Suspicious activity is observed
- There is criminal information (such as a suspect or vehicle description) that must be acted upon.
A police officer can, and frequently does, engage any member of the public to:
- Inquire about possible criminal activities in the area
- Speak with a witness who is not suspected of a crime
- Educate people on ways to avoid or deter crime
- Render assistance in situations not involving suspected criminal activity (for example, a medical emergency).
As part of building good relationships with the public, officers routinely engage in conversations with residents. In these kinds of situations, you are always free to decline or end any conversation with an officer and walk away.
If you think your encounter with police was bias-based, remain calm and ask the officer the reason for the encounter. If you are not satisfied with the reason, respectfully ask the officer for his or her name, badge number, and ask to speak with his or her supervisor. Please feel free to make a complaint if you feel you are a victim of bias-based profiling with our command staff.
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A full-time author, Lawana Blackwell's books include her beloved Gresham Chronicles and Tales of London series.
"I had told myself long ago that three books in a series are enough for my attention span, and so after The Dowry of Miss Lydia Clark, I devoted myself to the trio of books in the Tales of London series, then wrote A Table By the Window, my contemporary novel. All along, I received letters from readers asking me to continue the Gresham series. Many, many wrote that the dairying village of Gresham and its people sent them back to a more peaceful time in the midst of their busy days.
"Prayerfully, I decided to return to Gresham, setting the story fifteen years after Julia Hollis and her children first left London for abandoned coaching inn which became Larkspur Inn. I believe readers would like to see how the children—Philip, Aleda and Grace, Elizabeth and Laurel—turn out as adults. But I like to inject fresh faces into every book, hence Jewel Libby and her daughter Becky find Gresham a haven from a bad man. Writing the book was like coming home, visiting old friends."
Blackwell lives in Louisiana with her husband, Buddy, a supervisor at an oil refinery. They are empty nesters who love to visit their three grown sons, Joseph, Matthew, and Andrew, and three lovely daughters-in-law, Kristine, Penny and Heather, granddaughter Madelyn, and grandson Chandler.
Her other interests include visiting her parents and siblings in Mississippi, vegetarian cooking, and naturally, reading.
To protect her precious daughter from the danger nipping at their heels, Jewel Libby must flee the only home she's ever known. Caring friends direct her to the vicarage in the peaceful dairy village of Gresham, but she arrives there to find Vicar Andrew Phelps and his wife immersed in troubles of their own.
The children of Vicar Andrew Phelps and Julia Hollis from the popular Gresham Chronicles series have grown up and are dealing with their own challenges. Philip Hollis, now a successful London surgeon, has a controlling wife who resents his close family ties.
Aleda Hollis lives in a cottage on the outskirts of Gresham, where she enjoys her privacy and a writing career. When Andrew becomes ill and in need of Philip's skills, and Aleda's quest for privacy unwittingly advances an evil man's schemes, it's Jewel Libby, a newcomer to Gresham, who becomes an unexpected support and source of strength to the family. An unlikely romance adds to the intrigue of this jewel in their midst.
If you would like to read the first chapter of The Jewel of Gresham Green, go HERE
To read my review, click here!
Happy Reading!


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Introduction to Spinal Headaches
A spinal headache can occur as a result of a procedure such as a spinal tap (lumbar puncture) or epidural block (such as that performed during a woman's labor and delivery). In these procedures, a needle is placed within the fluid-filled space surrounding the spinal cord. This creates a passage for the spinal fluid to leak out, changing the fluid pressure around the brain and spinal cord. If enough of the fluid leaks out, a spinal headache may develop.
Because the design of spinal needles has been improved, spinal headaches after a spinal tap or administration of spinal anesthesia are rare. When epidural anesthetics are placed with a larger needle than that used for spinal anesthetics, however, the likelihood of headache is higher if the epidural needle should inadvertently pass through the dura matter (covering of the spinal cord).
A spinal headache may occur up to five days after the procedure is performed. Such a headache may be prevented with bed rest after a procedure.
What Are the Symptoms of a Spinal Headache?
The spinal headache often is described as "a headache like no other." Spinal headaches are much more severe when the person is in an upright position; they improve when the person lies down.
How Are Spinal Headaches Treated?
The first course of treatment for spinal headaches involves supplying adequate hydration to try to increase cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) pressure. Sometimes intravenous fluids (fluids administered into the veins) are given; other times the person is advised to drink a beverage high in caffeine. Strict bed rest for 24-48 hours is also recommended.
In addition, if a person develops a spinal headache following a procedure, the anesthesiologist can create a blood patch with the person's blood to seal the leak. To administer a blood patch, the anesthesiologist inserts a needle into the same space as, or right next to, the area in which the anesthetic was injected. The doctor then takes a small amount of blood from the patient and injects it into the epidural space. The blood clots and seals the hole that caused the leak.


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PHOENIX – The Fiesta Bowl has turned to University of Arizona President Robert Shelton to lead the rehabilitation of its tattered reputation.
The bowl announced Monday that it has hired the respected academic as executive director to replace the ousted John Junker. Shelton, who has held the top position at the Tucson university for five years, is a member of the presidential oversight committee for the Bowl Championship Series, the system that determines major college football's national champion.
The BCS recently fined the bowl $1 million but allowed the event to remain as one of its four games.
Junker was fired earlier this year after an internal investigation uncovered apparently illegal campaign contributions by staff and lavish spending by him on parties and a night at a strip club.
Shelton, 62, agreed to a four-year contract with a base salary of $455,000 and incentives. Junker had an annual salary of about $600,000 plus a substantial list of perks.
"The Fiesta Bowl is an Arizona treasure, and as a native Arizonan I am excited about the opportunity to lead this wonderful organization," Shelton said in the news release announcing his hiring. "I have spent my entire career in higher education and I care passionately about UA. But there always comes a point in life where you feel that it is time to try something new. I am looking forward to helping the bowl rebuild and achieve even greater heights."
Shelton earned $470,000 per year plus benefits at Arizona. He is to be introduced in his new job at a news conference on Tuesday and will officially begin work on Aug. 1.
"While we had an amazing number of talented applicants for this position," Fiesta Bowl board chairman Duane Woods said, "Dr. Shelton's impeccable record of integrity and his vast knowledge of collegiate academics and athletics are perfectly suited to restore trust and credibility with our volunteers, staff, community and key partners."
Junker held the titles of CEO and president. Under its reorganization, those positions were replaced by the job of executive director, who will report directly to the board of directors.
BCS executive director Bill Hancock called Shelton "an excellent choice."
"Robert is a man of integrity and his university experience means he understands what college football is all about," Hancock said. "This is a smart hire by the Fiesta Bowl."
Dan Beebe, commissioner of the Big 12 Conference, which has an agreement with the Fiesta Bowl to send its champion to the game if it's not in the BCS title contest, also praised Shelton's "outstanding reputation in college athletics."
Shelton, a physicist by training, is a Stanford graduate who earned his masters and doctorate at the University of California at San Diego. He was executive vice chancellor at the University of North Carolina for five years before taking the Arizona post in July 2006. At North Carolina, Shelton was the chief academic and chief operating officer, with responsibility for the conduct, coordination and quality of the school's academic and research programs.
The Fiesta Bowl had promised to search for someone of high integrity for the post after its internal investigation uncovered embarrassing facts about the event's operation under Junker, who was fired the day the report was made public.
Among the findings was a system in which employees made contributions to political candidates, then were reimbursed by the bowl. The Arizona attorney general's office is investigating.
The probe also uncovered lavish spending, including $33,000 for a birthday bash for Junker in Pebble Beach, Calif., $13,000 for a wedding for Junker's top aide and even a $1,200 trip to a Phoenix strip club.
The BCS decided a fine was sufficient punishment for a bowl that was host to last season's highly anticipated national championship game between Auburn and Oregon. Last month, the NCAA announced the Fiesta Bowl, which also operates the Insight Bowl, could keep its license but would serve a one-year probation. The NCAA's bowl licensing subcommittee ordered the bowl to return next April to provide a progress report on its promised operational changes.
Shelton leaves the state's second-largest university as it deals with the latest in a series of serious budget cuts imposed by the Legislature.
"Since joining the university in 2006, Dr. Shelton has provided consistent leadership to the U of A and been a steady hand on the wheel during difficult economic and budgetary times," Arizona Gov. Jan Brewer said in a statement. "The Fiesta Bowl faces challenges of its own. I am confident that Dr. Shelton can be an asset in delivering his collegiate expertise, leadership and managerial skills to this important Arizona institution."


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Derail this Great Train Robbery
Nationalise the losses, privatise the gains. That's the Government's policy when it comes to the banks and now, it seems, it applies to the railways, too.
Transport Minister Lord Adonis last week announced that the Government would take back the East Coast line, the busiest inter-city route in the country, from private operator National Express, which had warned it was likely to default on a franchise payment.
Adonis says public ownership will only be temporary and the Government will tender for a new operator from the end of 2010.
So why should the taxpayer be expected to pick up a £700million bill now and another private operator be allowed to come along and cream off the profits later? Why should National Express, which made more than £80million profit last year, be allowed to keep its other two rail franchises?
Franchising has meant that the private firms have effectively struck a no-lose bet. If business goes well, they make huge profits. If it doesn't, they walk away and the taxpayer picks up the tab.
Rather than being a temporary, emergency measure, the Government's decision to take this line into public ownership should be the first step in the re-establishment of a publicly owned railway. Such a policy would not only be popular, it would save a fortune.
Britain's privatised train companies have been milking the public purse for years. The totals involved make the amount that Ronnie Biggs and his Great Train Robbers stole pale into insignificance but while Biggs remains behind bars, Britain's 21st- century train robbers continue to fleece the public. Fares have consistently risen above the rate of inflation and, earlier this year, some went up by as much as 11 per cent. In May, fares for railcard users rose by up to 50 per cent. It really doesn't have to be like this.
For an example of how a unitary publicly-owned railway can deliver enormous benefits to users, we don't need to look far. In Belgium, fares are up to 20 times cheaper than in Britain, while the ticketing system is simpler.
In Britain, there can be up to 200 different fares for the same journey. In Belgium, the price of a ticket is determined by distance: a system that used to operate in Britain, too, before "market-pricing". Prices don't go up in the rush hour: Belgian Railways simply puts on more trains, which it can do because, unlike Britain's privatised rail operators, it owns its own rolling stock. Moreover, Belgian fares actually drop by 50 per cent at weekends to make it easier for people to get out and about. The fundamental difference between the railways in Belgium and the rest of mainland Europe, and those in Britain, is that there, railways are publicly owned and run as a public service.
In Britain, since privatisation, the need to maximise profits has come before all other considerations, often with disastrous consequences for passengers. Because hiring extra carriages from the leasing companies is deemed too expensive, Britain's rail firms try to ration existing capacity by pricing people off trains. The result is frequent overcrowding.
Restoring the railways to public ownership could bring relief to Britain's long-suffering passengers and usher in a new golden age. The reopening of stations closed by the misguided Dr Beeching in the Sixties, the introduction of extra services and the reduction in fares to the European average would help persuade millions of Britons to leave their cars and take the train.
This summer, many of us will experience the delights of rail travel in Belgium and other European countries.
The question we need to be asking Lord Adonis is: why, if other countries can have affordable, reliable, publicly-owned railways with easy to understand ticket pricing, do we in Britain have to put up with such a ludicrously expensive, fragmented and user-unfriendly system?
Neil Clark is co-founder of the Campaign For Public Ownership; www.campaign4 publicownership.blogspot.com


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To cancel your registration in Nevada County, you can visit our office,fill out and return this form, or send us a letter of cancellation that includes:
You can mail your letter to:
Nevada County Elections
950 Maidu Avenue
Suite 210
Nevada City, CA 95959
Show All Answers
You can register to vote in Nevada County if:
See if you are registered to vote online.
See where you are registered to vote on the Secretary of State website.
See how to register to vote on the Secretary of State's website.
If you would like to cancel a Deceased voter's registration in Nevada County, you can visit our office with a copy of the death certificate or send us a letter that includes:
Suite 250
Fax: 530-265-9829
Check out voting information for military members and citizens living overseas.
View information on how to determine your registration status. If you find out that you aren't registered, you can also access the registration portal.


text: Marketinginsight.ch by Patrick Galig (MBA), an experienced and innovation award nominated product guy, focuses on the CUSTOMER and how companies can better understand this important and ever more demanding stakeholder and it's environment. What should you consider to successfully manage customer relationships through the means of strategic marketing (STP), customer relationship management (CRM), marketing performance management (MPM) and last but not least product management (PM). Each of these disciplines contribute significantly to a loyal customer base that have the desired and sustainable impact on your bottom line. Marketinginsight.ch therefore connects customers and your personal success by simply making the connection explicit.


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Superintendent of Schools Morton Sherman unveiled his FY2013 budget on Thursday, Jan. 19, describing his plan as "about the best budget we could have come up with. It is the coalescing of the work we've done over the past four years."
The proposed operating budget represents a 2.4 percent increase from the FY2012 approved operating budget, putting it at $215,691,137. The proposed combined funds budget is a 1.8 percent increase from FY2012, at $236,331,598.
Requested city appropriation totals $180.3 million or 3.2 percent above FY2012.
The grants and special projects budget is $13.7 million, decreasing 8.4 percent compared to FY2012 as a result of the expiration of the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act funding.
City appropriation per student has fallen slightly from $17,840 in FY2012 to $17,505 in FY2013 (or 1.9 percent), with student enrollment increasing over 3 percent.
The superintendent said that the local school system has the most diverse student population and the highest number of students eligible for free and reduced price meals (56 percent in FY2012) in Northern Virginia. In light of this, the FY2013 school nutrition budget is $6.9 million, 6.2 percent more than FY2012.
At 3,178 students, the English Language Learning population has leveled out after several years of growth. The budget allocates 4.5 percent or $9.8 million to these ELL students.
The special education population has decreased by 260 students in the past four years to 1,478 students. The proposed budget allocates $24 million or 11 percent of the total operating fund budget.
Sherman focused on the need to maintain small class sizes and low student/counselor ratios at secondary schools. To this end, he is allocating $71.1 million or 33 percent of the total operating fund. ACPS currently has the smallest class sizes in Northern Virginia and the lowest student/counselor ratio in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
There will be an investment in staff through professional development and salary increases including a full step halfway through the year for teachers.
Student supports such as social workers, psychologists and registered nurses will total $6.4 million or 3 percent of the operating budget.
High school satellite campuses have been established for Flexible and Extended Learning Opportunities at $4.1 million. The adult education program is also being redesigned, in light of this year's numbers that, of over 200 enrolled, only 58 succeeded in getting degrees.
Twenty-one central office staff positions will be cut, as well as two teacher positions at the middle school level and four teachers at T.C. Williams. Seven classroom elementary school teachers will be hired.
Due to an increase in Virginia Retirement System (VRS) contribution and the rising cost of heath insurance, there will be a 0.71 shift of VRS Group Life rates to employees and an increased VRS employee contribution.
Intercession programs at Mount Vernon and Tucker Elementary schools have been shortened to "create a pool of money so that other schools can have programs that these schools have had," said Sherman. All elementary and secondary school summer learning, except K-Prep, ELL, extended school year and credit recovery, have been cut.
Also in an effort to save money, non-essential travel has been eliminated from school and departmental budgets. A competitive funding process for external partners has been established. Sherman estimates these and other program efficiency savings total $10.8 million.
"They are wonderful students, remarkable people," said Sherman. "It is a privilege and an honor to serve them. We see it as a sacred trust."
In total, $14,400,761 has been reallocated in this proposed budget.


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LEXINGTON, Ky.—President R. Owen Williams announced today that Transylvania University has received a $5 million restricted endowment matching grant from the William R. Kenan, Jr. Charitable Trust to establish the William R. Kenan, Jr. Endowment Fund for Student Scholarships. It is one of the largest single gifts the university has ever received.
The endowment supports the awarding of Kenan Scholarships to incoming Transylvania students based on merit. The awards will provide substantial scholarships to highly academically talented students. Members of the fall 2013 entering class will be the first to receive the scholarships.
"This new scholarship program is a significant addition to the group of merit scholarships that we are able to offer outstanding students from across the country," said Williams. "We appreciate very much the generosity of the trustees of the Kenan Charitable Trust in making this award and for their belief in the value of a Transylvania liberal arts education."
The conditions of the grant require that Transylvania raise an additional $5 million over the next three years to fully establish the endowment.
Transylvania, founded in 1780, is the nation's 16th oldest institution of higher learning and is consistently ranked in national publications as one of the top liberal arts colleges in the country.
Read the Lexington Herald-Leader story about the grant.


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Gay and lesbian military spouses soon will have the same benefits as traditional spouses to include military health coverage, base shopping, travel reimbursements for military moves and the larger "with dependent" housing allowances or, when available, access to base housing instead.
Twenty-one years after presidential candidate Bill Clinton vowed to be the first commander in chief to allow homosexuals to serve their country openly -- and had to compromise on that promise -- gay and lesbian members serve openly and have now won full equality in military benefits.
The final hurdle was defeat of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), which had defined marriage for the purpose of federal benefits as solely between a man and woman. The U.S. Supreme Court on Wednesday, in a 5-4 decision, struck down DOMA as unconstitutional.
Writing for the court majority in U.S. v Windsor, Justice Anthony Kennedy said DOMA "violates basic due process and equal protection principles" and deviates "from the tradition of recognizing and accepting state definitions of marriage" to "deprive same-sex couples of the benefits and responsibilities that come with federal recognition of their marriages."
Three of four dissenting justices wrote separate opinions including Chief Justice John Roberts who said Congress acted constitutionally in passing DOMA in the interest of uniformity and stability in defining marriage. He also said no part of the majority opinion stops states from continuing to define marriage, as most still do, as only between a man and a woman.
After the ruling, Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel issued a statement that it changed the "law of the land" and the Department of Defense "intends to make the same benefits available to all military spouses -- regardless of sexual orientation -- as soon as possible."
The key now to gaining full benefits is marriage in a state where same-sex nuptials are legal, and changes to the military identification card process, to recognize same-sex marriages and allow these spouses enrollment in the Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting System (DEERS)
"The Department will immediately begin to update the identification card issuance infrastructure and update the applicable implementing guidance," said a statement from Defense manpower officials. "We estimate that this process will take about 6-12 weeks."
Ten states and the District of Columbia currently allow gay marriage: Connecticut, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont and Washington. Delaware will do so starting July 1 and Minnesota Aug.1. California will follow because, in a separate ruling also handed down June 26, the high court let stand a lower court decision striking that state's "Proposition 8" ban gay marriages.
Military gays and lesbians who delayed marriage while DOMA was in effect now have an incentive to tie knots: a generous benefits package. Stephen L. Peters, president of American Military Partner Association, said he expects many trips across state lines in the weeks ahead as partners become spouses to qualify for TRICARE, raise Basic Allowance for Housing and more.
Peters said he has no data on the number of gays and lesbians in the military but demographers say they are four percent of the U.S. population.
The 11th Quadrennial Review of Military Compensation last year found military personnel more likely to marry than civilian peers in part because of the benefits. The study noted, for example, that five percent of 20-year-old civilians were married versus 15 to 20 percent of 20-year-old Marines.
Peters said he would expect gay and lesbian members also to marry at higher rates than civilian counterparts, for the same reason.
Hagel said he doesn't know yet know how much it will cost to give married gay and lesbians full military benefits. "But make no mistake," he added, "that decision will be implemented in every way. As it should be."
Army Gen. Martin Dempsey, chairman of the Joint Chiefs, said, "The Joint Chiefs have been very clear that we will follow the law of the land, and the law of the land has just changed. And we will now, as quickly as possible, assess what that means. I'm sure there will be some cost."
Recognizing same-sex spouses will raise the benefit tab for the military and veterans. But the Congressional Budget Office concluded in 2004 that the net effect would be to lower federal spending, by about $1 billion a year, because married couples pay more taxes, which offset benefit gains. CBO, however, assumed not only that same-sex marriages were recognized by the federal government but legalized in all 50 states.
Dempsey said folks have the wrong impression if they think the military "will find a way to fight this…We actually have done what I think is a very credible job of ensuring as much equality as we could possibly provide to the men and women who serve this country. And we will do what we can for them within the limits of the law."
In a day of celebration for his association members, Peters said he's a little concerned that up to 12 weeks could be needed to begin full benefits. Officials still don't know whether any benefits, like family separation allowance, will be provided retroactively, perhaps back to the date of the court decision for married members, or to the date of marriage since the court decision or from the date that implementing regulations take effect.
But Peters noted that more and more states are moving toward "marriage equality" in large part because of the way the military, such a respected institution, has handled repeal of the Don't Ask, Don't Tell law.
"Repeal had a dramatic impact on public opinion of gay marriage because service members are looked up to in society," Peters said.
Gay and lesbian spouses of federal civilian employees also gain access to full federal benefits. Defense officials said these employees should look to the Office of Personnel Management for guidance on full benefits. But same-sex spouses of Defense civilians who are eligible for ID card-related military benefits will be getting spouse ID cards at the same time they are made available to same-sex spouses of military members.
To comment, write Military Update, P.O. Box 231111, Centreville, VA, or email email@example.com or twitter: Tom Philpott @Military_Update


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@ Blue Note
Wednesday February 14, 2024
06:00 PM - 11:59 pm
8:00 PM (Doors 6:00 PM)
10:30 PM (Doors 10:00 PM)
Jaz Karis
South Londoner and Brit School alumna Jaz Karis is a force to be reckoned with, with luscious vocals that travel between the soundscape of soul, jazz and hip hop. Her debut EP 'Into The Wilderness', released on independent label Salute The Sun Records, features collaborations with Sillkey, Blue Lab Beats, Mike Musiq, TINYMAN and Afronaut Zu.
Keyon Harrold
Keyon Harrold was born and raised in Ferguson, MO, the St. Louis suburb that tore into America's national consciousness in 2014 with the police shooting of Michael Brown and the bitter protests and riots that followed. While Ferguson looms large in Harrold's album The Mugician, it examines our troubled times through a far wider lens than any one tragedy. Sweeping and cinematic, the music draws on elements of jazz, classicval, rock, blues, and hip hop to create something uniquely modern, unmistakably American. Guests including Pharoahe Monch, Gary Clark, Jr., Big K.R.I.T., Guy Torry, Georgia Anne Muldrow and Robert Glasper add to the record's eclectic nature, but it ultimately triumphs as a unified, cohesive whole both because of Harrold's virtuosic skill as a trumpeter and songwriter and because of his relentlessly optimistic belief in brighter days to come.
Harrold grew up one of 16 children in a family that prioritized music and community across generations. His grandfather was a police officer who retired from the force to found a drum and bugle corps for local youth, both of his parents were pastors, and nearly all of his siblings sing and perform music today. Culture shock hit Harrold hard at 18, when he left Ferguson for New York City to enroll in The New School. In New York, he landed his first major gig with Common, an experience which he says broadened his musical horizons beyond jazz to include funk, Afrobeat, R&B, and hip hop. Soon he was performing with stars like Snoop Dogg, Jay Z, Beyonce, Rihanna, Eminem, Maxwell, and Anthony Hamilton.
In 2009, he released his solo debut, Introducing Keyon Harrold and then won wide acclaim for his trumpet performances in Don Cheadle's Miles Davis biopic Miles Ahead. The Mugician is a portmanteau of "musician" and "magician, a nod to a nickname Cheadle bestowed upon the young virtuoso, and it's an apt descriptor for a record that pushes beyond the traditional boundaries of jazz trumpet. In fact, the album doesn't even begin with trumpet, but rather with a track called 'Voicemail,' which features an inspirational message from Harrold's mother set to a stirring, orchestral soundscape. Entirely unedited, her words lay the groundwork for an album that celebrates the importance of family (ten of Keyon's siblings appear on the record) and the absolute necessity of optimism in the face of darkness and doubt. These days, Harrold is a parent himself, and he pays tribute to his son with a pair of tracks on the album, "Lullaby" and "Bubba Rides Again." Issues of identity and equality percolate throughout the record, sometimes subtly beneath the surface, sometimes more pointedly, as in "Circus Show." However, the album's most powerful moments come with the one-two punch of "MB Lament" and "When Will It Stop," songs written in the wake of Michael Brown's death and the senseless killings of so many others like him.
It's a monumental task, one that calls for tremendous empathy and sensitivity. To give voice to the silenced requires more than just talent and ambition, it requires faith, imagination, strength, and determination. Above all, it requires perspective. Fortunately, that is what Keyon Harrold brings most of all.
Wednesday February 14, 2024
6:00 pm - 11:59 pm
All Ages
Cover: $51.99
Various Cover: $34.99 - $51.99


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Going like sixty
In Stone Arabia, Dana Spiotta's narrator is worried about her older brother. As they both sink more deeply into their "morbid middle years," he has begun to have serious health problems. Denise scans the newspaper obituaries, and if the person is under the age of sixty, she checks for the cause of death. She keeps a list:
53, heart failure
58, complications from pneumonia
54, breast cancer
46, self-inflicted gunshot
59, pancreatic cancer
38, motorcycle accident
48, breast cancer
58, overdose ("yet to be determined," "toxicology report," and "bottles of various prescription medications")
35, drowning
46, died in a fall
57, sudden heart attack
50, heart attack suspected
42, heart and kidney failure
45, car accident
59, complications from a brain hemorrhage
49, killed himself by hanging
59, lung cancer
40, sudden cardiac failure
50, ovarian cancer
Is it cancer or old age that is limiting my physical mobility? I can still run, although I must look like a state prisoner in ankle chains, hobbling away from the dogs. I can't throw a forward pass more than twenty yards any longer, because I can't drive off my back leg. I can't get out of a car without rotating my entire torso to the left and hoisting myself as if I were climbing up the side of a ship. For an ex-athlete like me, these limitations are nearly a loss of identity. Saul Bellow says somewhere that the heart never stops yearning after pretty girls, even when a man is in his seventies. (And if anyone should know. . . .) That's not really true for me, but playing catch with my sons or hurrying to make it across the street on yellow is an invitation to disappointment.
You'd think that being a one-book author at sixty would bother me more. After all, when the hell is my second going to be finished? Especially since cancer is not going to leave me very much longer to finish it. And then there are all those things that I will not have a chance to tell my children—about boys and girls, about first dates, about poetry and science, about college and the life of the mind, about the beauty of their mother. Maybe I should get started on writing them down.
But the surprise of turning sixty is a quiet sense of contentment, even when you are living with a terminal disease. Ambition is not diminished, but perhaps it becomes a little more realistic. Even if you intend to undertake a grand project, you know that it will be accomplished a small task at a time. If you are a writer, that means putting one sentence doggedly after another. Looking back over thirty years of a largely unsuccessful literary life, I see that's what I have been doing all along. There is no reason to change now, even if I could.
What I am grateful for, though, is to be free of any wish for youth. At sixty, you can't get away with pretending to be young. (Not even with four kids under the age of ten at home!) Sixty is the turning point. I don't care what anyone says. Sixty is not the new forty. Although I may refuse to call myself a "senior," I know that sixty is the onset of old age. Is this the promised end? Or image of that horror? It is neither. It is a chance to imagine some satisfying conclusion, and perhaps even to achieve it.


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Sodium (Na) in Blood
Test Overview
A sodium test checks how much sodium is in the blood. Sodium is both an electrolyte and mineral. It helps keep the water (the amount of fluid inside and outside the body's cells) and electrolyte balance of the body. Sodium is also important in how nerves and muscles work.
Most of the sodium in the body (about 85%) is found in blood and lymph fluid. Sodium levels in the body are partly controlled by a hormone called aldosterone, which is made by the adrenal glands. Aldosterone levels tell the kidneys when to hold sodium in the body instead of passing it in the urine. Small amounts of sodium are also lost through the skin when you sweat.
Most foods have sodium naturally in them or as an ingredient in cooking. Sodium is found in table salt as sodium chloride or in baking soda as sodium bicarbonate. Many medicines and other products also have sodium in them, including laxatives, aspirin, mouthwash, and toothpaste.
Low sodium levels have many causes, such as heart failure, malnutrition, or diarrhea.
Other electrolytes, such as potassium, calcium, chloride, magnesium, and phosphate, may be checked in a blood sample at the same time as a blood test for sodium.
Why It Is Done
A blood test to check sodium levels is done to:
- Check the water and electrolyte balance of the body.
- Find the cause of symptoms from low or high levels of sodium.
- Check the progress of diseases of the kidneys or adrenal glands.
How To Prepare
You do not need to do anything before having this test.
Talk to your doctor about any concerns you have regarding the need for the test, its risks, how it will be done, or what the results will mean. To help you understand the importance of this test, fill out the medical test information form( What is a PDF document? ).
How It Is Done
Blood test
The health professional drawing blood will:
- Wrap an elastic band around your upper arm to stop the flow of blood. This makes the veins below the band larger so it is easier to put a needle into the vein.
- Clean the needle site with alcohol.
- Put the needle into the vein. More than one needle stick may be needed.
- Attach a tube to the needle to fill it with blood.
- Remove the band from your arm when enough blood is collected.
- Put a gauze pad or cotton ball over the needle site as the needle is removed.
- Put pressure to the site and then a bandage.
How It Feels
The blood sample is taken from a vein in your arm. An elastic band is wrapped around your upper arm. It may feel tight. You may feel nothing at all from the needle, or you may feel a quick sting or pinch.
There is very little chance of a problem from having a blood sample taken from a vein.
- You may get a small bruise at the site. You can lower the chance of bruising by keeping pressure on the site for several minutes.
- In rare cases, the vein may become swollen after the blood sample is taken. This problem is called phlebitis. A warm compress can be used several times a day to treat this.
A sodium test checks how much sodium (an electrolyte and a mineral) is in the blood.
The normal values listed here—called a reference range—are just a guide. These ranges vary from lab to lab, and your lab may have a different range for what's normal. Your lab report should contain the range your lab uses. Also, your doctor will evaluate your results based on your health and other factors. This means that a value that falls outside the normal values listed here may still be normal for you or your lab.
Results are ready in 1 day.
Normal: |
136–145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L) or 136–145 millimoles per liter (mmol/L) |
Many conditions can affect sodium levels. Your doctor will talk with you about any abnormal results that may be related to your symptoms and past health.
High values
- High sodium levels (hypernatremia) can be caused by a high-sodium diet or by not drinking enough water and being dehydrated. Dehydration may also be caused by medicines (such as diuretics), severe vomiting or diarrhea, Cushing's syndrome, kidney disease or injury, diabetic ketoacidosis, or a condition called diabetes insipidus that makes it hard to balance the water level in the body.
- High sodium levels can also be caused by high levels of the hormone aldosterone (hyperaldosteronism).
Low values
- Low sodium levels (hyponatremia) can be caused by a lot of sweating, burns, severe vomiting or diarrhea, drinking too much water (psychogenic polydipsia), or poor nutrition.
- Low sodium levels can also be caused by underactive adrenal glands or thyroid gland, heart failure, kidney disease, cirrhosis, cystic fibrosis, or SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion).
What Affects the Test
Reasons you may not be able to have the test or why the results may not be helpful include:
- Taking medicines, such as birth control pills, corticosteroids, antibiotics, estrogens, tricyclic antidepressants, heparin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), diuretics, lithium, and many medicines used to treat high blood pressure.
- Having high levels of glucose, triglycerides, or protein.
- Getting sodium in intravenous (IV) fluids given during a recent surgery or hospitalization.
What To Think About
- When the sodium level changes quickly, you are likely to have more symptoms than when the level changes slowly. Symptoms of an abnormal sodium level include confusion, lack of energy (lethargy), or seizures.
- To see whether the body is passing too little or too much sodium in the urine, a value called the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) can be found by looking at the amounts of sodium and creatinine in blood and urine. In a person with kidney failure, a low FENa may mean less blood flow to the kidneys is causing the kidney failure. A urine test for sodium may be done. To learn more, see the topic Sodium (Na) in Urine.
- Other electrolytes, such as calcium, chloride, magnesium, potassium, phosphate, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine, may be checked in a blood sample at the same time as a blood test for sodium.
- Pagana KD, Pagana TJ (2010). Mosby's Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests, 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier.
Other Works Consulted
- Chernecky CC, Berger BJ (2008). Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures, 5th ed. St. Louis: Saunders.
- Fischbach FT, Dunning MB III, eds. (2009). Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests, 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
- Pagana KD, Pagana TJ (2010). Mosby's Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests, 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier.
Current as of: March 28, 2019
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:Adam Husney, MD – Family Medicine & E. Gregory Thompson, MD – Internal Medicine & Martin J. Gabica, MD – Family Medicine
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. Learn how we develop our content.


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Methinks I'll never know.
We had a little Halloween luncheon at work on Friday, and I spent the entire week debating what to take. Since I like to spend at least six hours on a given post (I kid, I kid...I really kid), I have to show you what I came up with a couple days after the fact.
I'll be the first to admit that I'm one of the least creative people
Yep. Rice Krispies treats. Whoever came up with the first batch of these puppies deserves a monument in her honor, wouldn't you say? It's a real gem of a recipe.
Anyway, some I decorated like eyeballs with a chocolate-covered blueberry in the middle, and others I molded into logs with an almond on the end and designed to look like a finger.
You've probably seen the cookie versions of these, so clearly they're not an original thought. Frankly, I'm just proud of myself for breaking out the decorating gels and actually personalizing them.
Hope you all had wonderful Halloween celebrations!


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[Jared]s been taking a bit of a hiatus, but he assures me that he's gearing up for a bunch of new projects. The first sign that he's awakened from his slumber is his latest take on the Ion Cooler. This time he's built a CPU specific version. The cooler is made from off the shelf materials – heap pipe heat sink, copper pipe, tack nails, acrylic and even the ion generator are easy to get. It's an interesting way to cool your PC if your comfortable with 10,000 volts or so next to your CPU.
30 thoughts on "Ion Cooler 3.0 (return Of InventGeek)"
I have all the parts lying around right now to build this! i will jump on it and see how well it performs!
Oh! and ITS GOOD TO SEE YOU BACK INVENTGEEK!
looks nice, but I would think the small intake holes would act as a rather significant bottle-neck.
Couldn't you just leave the end open and put the emitters through the tubes side walls?
Looks interesting, but how can it possibly move air? Forgive me if I'm wrong, but isn't the point to ionize air and draw it toward a grounding assembly? Even giving the fairly restrictive heatsink the benefit of the doubt, there's no opening for air at the back.
Those nails go through solid acrylic, so how is there any airflow at all? There's no reference to how this cooler performs without a fan, and I imagine such a test would reveal that ambient air currents would provide better cooling than this outlandish contraption.
I might be a bit dense atm but did they just make a small ring of holes around the side with the pins to allow air flow through the large tube?
Any idea what direction the air flows? -
absolut bullshit
what is a capacitor good for cooling???? -
In answer to Q5: I believe the theory is that by charging the molecules of air that are in the boundary layer you can get them to separate, to be replaced by new lower temperature (energy) ones, thus removing that insulating layer of air from the metal. Does it really work that way? Dunno. You'd think by now that if it really was such a leap there would be expensive retail models on servers as delivered and cheaper knockoffs that do nothing on fleaBay…maybe in another year, IF they really work…
lol! its not a capacitor mr. the one… its an Electrostatic precipitator.
think before you speak. im about ready to test my build of it.
Air is a neutrally charged particle, if you generate a high potential difference (i.e. voltage) you will attract both opposite and neutral charges. So the (-) electrode will attract (+) and (0) particles and the (+) electrode will attract (-) and (0) particles.
When the air particles hit the first electrode, they gain a (-) charge (if they hit the (-) electrode). They are then attracted to the (+) electrode further down the way. When they then hit the (+) electrode they return the (-) charge and become neutral again but with some kinetic energy. Thus the circuit is completed and the air has a net movement past the heatsink and out of your computer.
In response to 9, I understand the principle of moving air with an ionic corona and a ground plate, but looking at the construction, I didn't see the air intake. I now notice there are holes in the acrylic tube, but they still seem awfully small.
In previous revisions and in typical ionocraft construction (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionocraft) air can move freely past the ionizing corona. Here it looks like there's not much room for airflow. I have to wonder if it can move much air past the restriction of the heatsink and the small holes when all similar constructions are designed to be very open for free airflow.
Ok folks. Itâs a confirmed project. I did increase the size of the holes in my version a bit. But I learned something by doing so. Itâs possible to get an arc to pass through them if youâre not careful. Placing more holes near the top of the tube verses the bottom of the tube (or none at all) is the ideal configuration.
The air flow this creates is really surprising to be honest. I expected to feel something that let me know something was happening but this is quite a good performer. With more copper tubes it would likely do even better. I am going to try something this weekend with a large volume of ¼ inch tubes. -
i would bet if you could induce more air contact with the electrodes you could make this more efficient. perhaps directing the flow of air onto the copper tubes more would prove to be beneficial, and to further this idea, you might be able to add a fan to force air into the ionizing chamber, so the unit would do as much as it could and the fan would further increase the performance. and as a side note, you might want to take and fasten a fat heatsink to the ion generator, i imagine it must get quite hot. mounting it on the outside of the tower might be beneficial too.
I have been letting it run now for an hour or so and itâs about 48C thatâs not really to bad overall… but a heatsink or even a peltier would be very nice! Now I have a question that is baffling me. Its performance seems to be getting better and better as it runs. Anyone have any ideas to this? I am assuming itâs the power supply its selfâ¦.
Video! With smoke, so we can see the airflow! (pretty please?)
I am missing the air intake too. If you look at the modified stock heatsink it is even worse: the solid acrylic plate is on top of the heatsink.
I think it would only work if there is a big hole on the side of the nails. -
"Video! With smoke, so we can see the airflow! (pretty please?)"
I second that!
great idea, i really don't like the noise of my coolers… but also i'm not confortable with the idea of having 10kvolts into my cpu. and i'm not talking or afraid of short-circuits in the ion generator! is there any risk of electrostatic discharge, like when, e.g., accidentally i touch a motherboard without grounding my body?
and YEAH! i wanna see a video with smoke, too ;)
embraces from Brazil
Humm, i love the hackaday geek factor of this, but thats about all. I think you would have to be mad to install this in a system that you might have just paid several thousand dollors for.
you there, turn out your pockets!
just as i suspected-ions!
You're fired!
If you tried a video with smoke, wouldn't he smoke particles stick to the +ve electrode? isn't that how air purifiers work?
Hmm… I think I might build one of these for a water-cooling rig. It seems to me though, that you should be able to use the radiator/heatsink itself as the grounding plate. This probably wouldn't be desirable when the heatsink is in contact with your CPU, but if it's not…
Also, does anybody know how dirty these things get, and how frequently you need to clean them? Every piece of dust and grime that goes through this thing is probably going to stick…
In reply to #11, yes, he would need to clean it afterwards, but it would definatively show the airflow going *in* and put to rest at least that question. There would still be the question of how much cooling is actually provided by the ion flow, but that can be tested by cutting the high-v power and then resuming. And, yes, I am going to build one to check this out and not just gripe and groan, but won't get it done before the thread gets stale.
Sorry, I meant number 18.
From wikipedia: "Ionocrafts require many safety precautions due to the high voltage required for their operation and the risk of lung and throat cancer from long term inhalation of their ionised air product." This thing works by the same principle as the ionic cooler. I spend a lot of time by my computer and I believe that most of you people here do too :) Sounds like it's not to healthy to breathe the ionized air coming out of a PC using this cooler…
This sounds stupid. I mean, making stuff is awesome, but I would hazard a guess that this thing puts out ozone and NOx, along with the ionized air. The ozone and NOx are bad for you. From the Wikipedia article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_ioniser:
"Even in relatively low concentrations, they can irritate lung tissues, cause chest pain, coughing, throat irritation, and can worsen the conditions of persons suffering from asthma."
damn.. what really irks me about every single heatsink mod I have seen on h.a.d. or anywhere else for that matter is temperature claims, when no proper baseline is established.
with the original heatsink and original fan "…The system idled at about 29C and we peaked at 41C…"
With our new fangled better technology 'cause we made it in or garage cooling system "…The system idled at about 34C and we peaked at 48C … …While these are warmer than say a gaming enthusiast would prefer this falls well within the standard users system needs."
This data tells us absolutely nothing, unless you also state the temperature set with only the heatsink, no fan, no ion machine.
How do I know the heatsink by itself doesn't perform around 34 to 48C? For that matter, what was the room temperature?!
I know were all hackers, but scientific method people!
The cooling effect of a fan or other device can only be quantified when compared to the lack of said device.
The only value that matters is "my device lowered the temperature by xx degrees."
effectiveness of a cooling device is not a measured temperature, it is a measured **difference in temperature** -
Umm… didn;t he say in 2.0 that he was concerned about the ramifications of pumping positively charged ions into a computer, and therefore reversed the airflow from intake to exhaust?
I'm no engineer, but charged anything + electronics = short in my mind.
Anyone got good science to back up how safe this is? I was thinking about making one as an exhaust, but never bothered because i didn't like how far it had to protrude off of my case just to work :\
anywho, benchmarks plz?
58 – Idle
76 – Load, System shut its self down, no final result… -
Jared.. wow.. 24C… quite a chunk of change..
and more usefull data than that '4 pennies soldered to a copper pipe jammed through the case' job I saw about 4 or 5 months ago. -
Hey, is that an Arctic Freezer 7 Pro? I have one of those. :)
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Akbar Gbajabiamila, an analyst on NFL Fantasy Live, played defensive end for three NFL teams from 2003 to 2007. In his weekly "Inside Out" column, he offers a player's perspective on topical events around the league.
Next to Sunday, Friday is the most anticipated day of the week for players during the season. It's also the most dangerous night in the NFL.
Unfortunately, we saw more evidence of that last week, when Josh Brent, the Dallas Cowboys' third-year defensive lineman, was charged with intoxication manslaughter in a single-car crash that took the life of his friend and teammate, Jerry Brown Jr. Brent's blood alcohol level was twice the legal limit.
That incident came one week after Kansas City Chiefs linebacker Jovan Belcher was found by police sleeping in a car outside a gated apartment complex in the early morning hours of Saturday. Some hours later, Belcher murdered his live-in girlfriend, then took his own life.
These latest tragedies have many people asking, "How could this happen?" Those who have played in the NFL and understand what transpires on Friday nights might be asking a different question: "Why doesn't this happen more often?"
As a player, I loved Fridays. It's the week's lightest day of practice, typically in shells (limited padding). And once that last whistle blows, your day is done. A combine-like sprint ensues to the locker room, where the guys are planning the rest of the day -- to hit up the barbershop, get the car detailed and where to meet and party that night. Some are on the next flight out of town, destined for the closest action city.
It's understandable. After a long week that includes meetings, film study, home study, weight training and intense practice, players are looking to jump off the conveyer belt and unwind, free from the control of their respective organizations.
When I played in Oakland, we would party in one of two locations: the city (San Francisco) or Los Angeles. When it was L.A., we had the routine down to a science. After practice was done at noon, we were on a flight at 1:55 p.m. Once we touched down in Los Angeles, it was time to run the city and "get it in."
After 18 hours of all-night fun, it was time to depart on the first flight out of LAX at 7:15 a.m., arriving back in Oakland at 8:30 a.m. For away games, we departed the team facility at 9:30 a.m. to catch another flight to the opposing team's city.
Rapoport: A welcome distraction
Dallas earned a comeback win, but more than anything, the game served as a three-hour respite. Ian Rapoport reports. **More ...**
Seems risky, right? It is.
But as elite football players, we are thrill-seekers addicted to adrenaline. And what activity can simulate the "high" that is caused by a fight-or-flight response from a risky occupation like football? How about drinking?
It's a staple of Friday nights in the NFL. Guys are in the clubs buying top-shelf liquor in VIP booths. It's the NFL players' "weekend," a time to have some fun sipping on your drink of choice. Many players view this as the only time they can go out without worrying about the consequences of a physical performance the next day.
But suddenly, you are faced with the decision to end the night and head home. Sadly, this is where Friday nights become dangerous. The same $90,000 car you got detailed to show off in the valet line at the club ends up being the engine to disaster. Driving a vehicle while impaired is illegal and irresponsible.
For many NFL players, there is a disconnect to that responsibility. Sunday warriors are conditioned to operate under impaired conditions, creating a false sense of perception in life outside the stadium.
For example, in the San Francisco 49ers' Week 10 game against the St. Louis Rams, quarterback Alex Smith took a hellacious hit that concussed him. He continued to play with no regard to personal safety, throwing a 14-yard touchdown pass while playing with blurred vision. He was eventually diagnosed with a concussion. Performing under vulnerable circumstances is a frequent occurrence for every player in the NFL.
Athletes are trained to never concede defeat on the field, and that carries over in their personal lives. In a devious way, admitting to being drunk is acknowledging that you have been defeated. It's admitting a weakness. That's hard to digest for a player. In an inebriated state, it's difficult to rewire a player's DNA to shut down the macho man, when in normal conditions admission to impairment could mean losing your job. Alex Smith learned that the hard way.
The NFL Players Association employs an independent safe-ride program for all its players. The program provides two services: pre-arranged transportation and an emergency response for intoxicated players with access to a vehicle. This service protects the anonymity of players, so teams aren't alerted when one of their players uses it.
Some teams have their own safe-ride programs. The Cincinnati Bengals, for example, have a company that provides two drivers when a player calls -- one to drive the player home, and the other to follow in the player's vehicle.
This seems like an easy solution, but players want to remove themselves from the watchful eyes of their organization. And if teams can perform background checks on players and their family members prior to the draft, why shouldn't there be reasonable suspicion that the same could happen while they are playing in the NFL.
If a player is drunk at a strip club at 3 a.m., he doesn't want services provided under the NFL umbrella because the fear is that the team will leverage it against him when it comes to renegotiating a new contract, or question the player's ability to perform and give the opportunity to the next man up.
The tragedies of the last couple weeks have placed the spotlight back on Friday nights in the NFL. It's re-igniting discussions around safety and good decisions. That can only be a good thing.
Follow Akbar Gbajabiamila on Twitter _@AkbarGbaja_


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Center for Substance Abuse director recognized for contributions to understanding, treatment of drug dependence
Warren K. Bickel, director of the Center for Substance Abuse at the Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, has been selected as the 2011 recipient of the American Psychological Association Don Hake Translational Research Award.
Sponsored by the Association for Behavior Analysis International, the award recognizes individuals whose work spans basic and applied research.
According to awards chair Cythia Pietras, the award is being presented to Bickel for his contributions to understanding drug dependence and treatment, impulsivity, and behavioral economics, and for disseminating that work to a wide audience.
Bickel, who is a professor with the research institute and professor of psychology at Virginia Tech, examines decision-making processes in the brain that support dysfunctional decision-making, including addiction, and seeks novel therapeutic means to repair those processes. One area of his research is directed at the process involved in preferring instant gratification over a future health benefit. His research demonstrating that this preference for immediate rewards can be changed with a novel therapeutic approach appears in the February 2011 issue of Biological Psychiatry.
According to Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute Executive Director Michael Friedlander, "Dr. Bickel's research is blazing a new path to understanding how the brain's temporal discounting system --the ability to differentially value things based on how far into the future they may occur -- contributes to decisions regarding substance abuse, as well as how the executive processes in the human brain can be enhanced through rehabilitative training to potentially improve outcomes for those who are affected by substance abuse. He also has a commitment and well honed skill for effectively communicating the significance of his work to the scientific and medical communities and the general public. We are very fortunate to have such a talented scientist and communicator as part of the research institute here in Roanoke."
Bickel will present an invited address at the 2011 American Psychological Association convention in Washington, D.C. in August.


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Belair: Early Years - Science: Ages 3-5 by Jean Evans
Science is packed with flexible ideas for developing early understanding and igniting curiosity in the Understanding the world area of learning. Activities across fourteen themes can be tailored to meet the needs and interests of every child and support progress towards attaining the knowledge and skills required by the Early Learning Goals.
- Clear learning intentions for each activity enable effective planning of experiences.
- Suggestions for involving parents with Home Links to extend the learning themes.
- Links to different areas of learning through a variety of topics.
- Photographs of real children's work to illustrate potential learning outcomes of the activities.


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This article is more than 1 year old
Report security vulns at your peril
From whistleblower to suspect ...
Has it really come to this? Researchers are now so wary of reporting security vulnerabilities that some infosec experts in academia are advising their student charges to walk away from problems.
Pascal Meunier, author of the Cassandra system, and a researcher at the Centre for Education and Research in Information and Assurance (CERIAS) at Purdue University, reckons it has become too risky to report security flaws in websites to their administrators. His opinion was formed after reporting a vulnerability in custom software on a production website discovered by one of his students.
The site was subsequently hacked, using a different vulnerability, leading police to treat him as a potential suspect. The student involved agreed to come forward, thereby diffusing the situation. But it could easily have been a different story that left Meunier with the ethical dilemma of disclosing the identity of his source under threat of putting his job at risk, because police tend to treat those reporting security holes as hackers.
A second problem is that site administrators tend to dismiss security reports without seeing evidence as holes. But producing an exploit that demonstrates a security hole could be construed as a hacking attack unless a researcher goes to the trouble of getting written authorisation.
Meunier's opinion is informed by the case of Eric McCarty, an IT worker who faces hacking charges after allegedly breaching a university's website while investigating a suspected flaw. McCarty hadn't obtained permission to look at the online application system of the University of Southern California. SecurityFocus has more on this case here.
Meunie says students in his facility ought to be able to report security problems anonymously through an approved person. However, sysadmins and the police are suspicious of such whistleblowing activity, as Muenier discovered.
The experience has led him to advise his students not to report vulnerabilities on active websites because there is "no safe way" to report a vulnerability. "If you find strange behaviors that may indicate that a website is vulnerable, don't try to confirm if it's actually vulnerable," he advises. ®


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Okay basically, I want to know some details about how much it would cost to buy a web server for what I want to do.
The site we're making is going to accept uploads from users. A LOT of uploads. How much is this really going to cost in server space? Videos, Pictures, Audio, everything. And how easy/expensive is it to increase server space/speed to handle all of these concurrent uploads happening.
I really have no idea where to start with this, haven't been a webmaster before =/


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16 February 2012 20:30 | to | 17 February 2012 02:30 |
The C.C.I. official Ball is the most glamorous of the Carnival of Venice (BBC).
Enter in the magic world of the Venetian 18th Century. In the candle-lit setting of palazzo Pisani-Moretta, overlooking the Canal Grande and frescoed by Giovanbattista Tiepolo, mimes, singers and special performers will enjoy the guests during the cocktail and the superb Dinner.
Two orchestras will play to accompany your dances 'till early morning.
Dress Code: historical costume.
During the Carnival time you can find the Atelier Tiepolo with the most refine costumes and an impeccable service of tailoring and make-up, in the Hotel Danieli.
To book and find more information about the party and the costumes, please visit www.meetingeurope.com .


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Mods And Monsters: Killing Floor Joins Steam Workshop
Killing Floor knows all about mods, having been one itself. They never tidy their rooms, leaving files scattered all over internets and hard drives alike, and trying to organise them is like trying to herd cats. The multiplayer horrorshow is gathering all its mods in one place, the increasingly active Steam Workshop, which should make keeping track of maps and modes much easier. Tripwire will also be adding Steam Workshop support to Red Orchestra 2, which is receiving a paid for expandomod by the name of Rising Storm. I've got a load of notes about that which I shall compile later this week. There are booby traps, flamethrowers and kamikaze bayonet stabbings, all of which I approve of in games though I frown at them in life.