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"What was published in the Aikido Shimbun' as Doka' (Songs of the Way) were actually culled from heavily edited transcriptions of tape-recorded talks and lectures given by O-Sensei inside the dojo and elsewhere." (Stanley Pranin, O Sensei's Spiritual Writings: Where did they really come from?' Aikido Journal, published online. Accessed August 26, 2011.
"What is history? Most prosaically, it is the human past and our organized representations of that past. The key issues in the philosophy of history arise in our representations of the human past. History is fascinating for us, because, in Marx's words, "Men make their own history, but not in circumstances of their own choosing" (1852). That is to say: history reflects agencythe choices by individuals and groups; and it reflects constraining structures and circumstances. So historical outcomes are neither causally determined nor entirely plastic and accidental. Therefore it is open to the historian to attempt to discover the historical circumstances that induced and constrained historical agents to act in one way rather than anotherthus bringing about a historical outcome of interest. History is a temporally ordered sequence of events and processes involving human doings, within which there are interconnections of causality, structure, and action, within which there is the play of accident, contingency and outside forces." (Daniel Little, "Philosophy of History.")
"the impression of there being a comprehensible collection of historical processes that might be characterized as a total' human history: population growth, urbanization, technological innovation, economic differentiation, the growth of knowledge and culture etc. is highly misleading. It suggests a degree of order and structure that history does not possess. There are only specific histories: histories of various conditions or circumstances of interest to us. Historical space is dense: at any given time there are countless human actions and social processes underway in the world. So to single out the history of something specificthe American War of Independence, World War II, the life of Morihei Ueshibais unavoidably to select, from the full complexity of events and actions, a limited set of related historical features that will be traced through a process of development. And this in turn raises the point that history' depends partly on what occurred' and partly on what we are interested in'." (Little, ibid., punctuation altered, original examples changed.)
"Events and actions happened in the past, separate from our interest in them. But organizing them into a narrative about religious awakening' or formation of the absolutist state' imposes an interpretive structure on them that depends inherently on the observer's interests. There is no such thing as perspective-free history.' So there is a very clear sense in which we can assert that history is constituted by historical interpretation and traditions of historical interesteven though the underlying happenings themselves are not." (Little, ibid., punctuation altered.)
"There is so much confusion surrounding the notions of objectivity and subjectivity that I need to say a few words to clarify them. In one sense, the objective/subjective distinction is about claims to knowledge. I call this the epistemic sense. A claim is said to be objective if its truth or falsity can be settled as a matter of fact independently of anybody's attitudes, feelings or evaluations; it is subjective if it cannot. For example, the claim that Van Gogh died in France is epistemically objective. But the claim that Van Gogh was a better painter than Gaughin is, as they say, a matter of subjective opinion. It is epistemically subjective.
"In another sense, the objective/subjective distinction is about modes of existence. I call this the ontological sense. An entity has an objective ontology if its existence does not depend on being experienced by a human or animal subject; otherwise it is subjective. For example, mountains, molecules and tectonic plates are ontologically objective. Their existence does not depend on being experienced by anybody. But pains, tickles and itches only exist when experienced by a human or animal subject. They are ontologically subjective.
"I emphasize these two senses of the distinction because a common misconception is to suppose that because science is objective and consciousness is subjective, there cannot be a science of consciousness. Science is indeed epistemically objective, because scientific claims are supposed to be verifiable independently of anybody's feelings and attitudes. But the ontological subjectivity of the domain of consciousness does not preclude an objective science of that domain. You can have an (epistemically) objective science of an (ontologically) subjective consciousness. Much confusion has been created by the failure to see this point." (John Searle, New York Review of Books, Vol. LVIII, Number 10, p. 50.)
"I am aware that some have criticized my book INVINCIBLE WARRIOR as hagiography rather than objective biographyas if there can be such a thing as an objective standpointbut in fact all that I am doing is to present the Founder in the best possible light. All of us want to be remembered at our best." (From an interview with Cheryl Matrasko, Aikido World Web Journal. Published online:
http://www.aikido-world.com/articles...interview2.htm. Accessed August 31, 2011.)
"There is no fundamental difficulty in reconciling the idea of a researcher with one set of religious values, who nonetheless carefully traces out the religious values of a historical actor possessing radically different values. This research can be done badly, of course; but there is no inherent epistemic barrier that makes it impossible for the researcher to examine the body of statements, behaviors, and contemporary cultural institutions corresponding to the other, and to come to a justified representation of the other. One need not share the values or worldview of a sans-culotte, in order to arrive at a justified appraisal of those values and worldview." (Little, ibid.)
"It has become fashionable in recent decades to deny that objective reality is accessible, since what we call facts' exist only as a function of prior concepts and problems formulated in terms of these. The past we study is only a construct of our minds. I strongly defend the view that what historians investigate is real. The point from which historians must start is the fundamental and, for them, absolutely central distinction between establishable fact and fiction, between historical statements based on evidence and subject to evidence and those which are not."
"We have a responsibility to historical facts in general, and for criticizing the politico-ideological abuse of history in particular. The rise of postmodernist' intellectual fashions in Western universities implies that all facts' claiming objective existence are simply intellectual constructionsin short, that there is no clear difference between fact and fiction. But we cannot invent our facts. Either Elvis Presley is dead or he isn't. The question can be answered unambiguously on the basis of evidence, insofar as reliable evidence is available." (E J Hobsbawm, On History, quoted by Sven Saaler, Politics, Memory and Public Opinion, p. 48.)
"The past occurred in precisely the way that it didagents acted, droughts occurred, armies were defeated, new technologies were invented. These occurrences left traces of varying degrees of information richness; and these traces give us a rational basis for arriving at beliefs about the occurrences of the past. So we can offer a non-controversial interpretation of the objectivity of the past.' However, this objectivity of events and occurrences does not extend very far upward as we consider more abstract historical events: the creation of Yamato Japan, the invention of Enlightenment rationality, the Meiji Restoration. In each of these instances the noun's referent is an interpretive construction by historical actors and historians, and one that may be undone by future historians. To refer to the Meiji Restoration' requires an act of synthesis of a large number of historical facts, along with an interpretive story that draws these facts together in this way rather than that way. The underlying facts of behavior, and their historical traces, remain; but the knitting-together of these facts into a large historical event does not constitute an objective historical entity." (Little, ibid., punctuation altered, original examples changed.)
"The codification of edifying national histories, which often involves outright invention and almost always the manipulation of the past, is a defining feature of modern nation states. The state plays a substantial role in the construction, maintenance and popularization of national history everywhere." (Kenneth J Ruoff, Imperial Japan at its Zenith, p. 54.)
"Of course he [the General Editor of the Oxford History of England] and his readers shared a broad sense of the purpose and direction of such books [the individual volumes of the Oxford History]. His successor [the General Editor of the New Oxford History of England] can no longer be sure of doing that. The building blocks of the story, its reasonable and meaningful demarcations and divisions, the continuities and discontinuities, the priorities of different varieties of history, the place of narrativeall these things are now much harder to agree on. We now know much more about many things, and think we know what we know in different ways. It is not surprising that historians now sometimes seem unsure about the audience to which their scholarship and writing are addressed." (J M Roberts, General Editor's Preface, in Langford, A Polite and Commercial People: England 1727-1783, p. vii.)
"A farmer and a merchant could agree on two points. They believed in the virtues of their free enterprise: they knew that decisions in this New World had necessarily to be made by men on the spot who took the consequences. It was unthinkable to regulate their adventurous lives by a decision taken 3,000 miles away across the Atlantic. To send a question to London and wait for a reply might easily take six months. Indian raids could not be dealt with, nor sowings decided, nor ships loaded, with such delay for each decision, especially when those at a distance were ignorant of the detailed facts." (Watson, The Reign of George III, p. 179.)
"When the French were tamed, the American had only the Indians, the elements, and other Americans to face, all of them enemies he could tackle without English aid." (Watson, op.cit., p. 178.)
"In short, where Englishmen saw, and despised, the disunity and lawlessness of America, the colonists were filled with pride in making a new life for themselves. They congratulated themselves on the vigour of their minds and bodies, on the superiority of their birthrate, and on their natural common sense. But the meanest Englishmen, said the radical Richard Price, took for granted his superior understanding and his power to regulate colonial affairs." (Watson, op.cit., pp. 178-179, citing Price, Observations on the Nature of Civil Liberty, 1776, p. 19.)
"The revolution of 1688 was not one decisive event, but one illustration of the principle on which society was regulated. All governments and legislatures were the agents of the people and could be dismissed if they failed to perform the services for which they were appointed. Principal among such services was the protection of property. So valuable was this service that no government might use power to take property away. Consent was therefore essential to taxation. The consent of the British parliament was not sufficient. For on this vital matter Americans had their own assemblies to represent their wishes. In a sense this was to beg the question. It implied that Americans were already a separate and distinct society, a contention which was contradicted by the admission of parliamentary sovereignty over the rest of the field." (Watson, op.cit., pp. 185-186.)
"No greater mistakeand there were many mistakeswas made by English ministers in their conduct of the war than their excessive reliance upon a split in American ranks and upon active large-scale aid from the loyalists. It might be true that many did not approve of the extreme course steered by the leaders: but they were never prepared to strain every nerve to aid Britain." (Watson, op.cit., p. 206.)
"In 1774 Americans were convinced that Lord North intended to enslave them by inches. He, on the other hand, thought he only had to restore order in Massachusetts and the inexplicable effervescence would subside." (Watson, op.cit., p. 199.)
"Above all these military consideration was the political one, that every Englishmen knew that victory left unsolved the problem of how to govern estranged and remote colonists, even if their armies laid down their arms." (Watson, op.cit., p. 216.)
"Bute's successor George Grenville will forever be remembered as the author of the American Stamp Act and thereby the initiator of that fateful train of events which led to the dismemberment of the first British Empire. Yet the stamp act was only a part of a coherent body of legislation for the colonies, most of it expressing conventional wisdom about the principles on which the empire enlarged in the Seven Years War was to be governed." (Langford, p. 359.)
"It provoked one of the great debates in the history of political thought, which began as a discussion of parliamentary representation and eventually turned into a controversy about the basis of civil association and sovereignty. In his speech announcing [the Stamp Act] on 6 February 1765 he [Grenville] claimed that Parliament had unlimited powers of legislation and taxation and that arguments about representation were irrelevant. The Parliament of Great Britain virtually represents the whole Kingdom.' Here was a claim that was have widespread repercussions, not merely in America, where few even of Britain's friends were much impressed by the notion that in some mysterious way the colonists were comprehended in the constituent body which Parliament represented, but in Britain itself, where, as Grenville candidly admitted in the same speech, not a twentieth part of the people are actually represented'." (Langford, p. 360.)
"It was subsequently argued in England that the repeal of the Stamp Act had represented a fatal step towards imperial downfall, creating in America the impression that Britain would never stand up to blackmail and intimidation by the colonies. Rockingham and Burke, on the contrary, always maintained that it had offered a sensible and enduring solution to the American problem, but for the folly of their successors in meddling with further schemes of taxation. On both sides the argument was hypothetical; it will never be resolved by any historical evidence." (Langford, p. 368.)
"Such is the importance of the Declaration in history and myth that it is easy to forget that Britain had moved first. The Proclamation of Rebellion was issued on 23 August 1775. In a sense it was less painful for Englishmen than the Declaration was for Americans. Partly this was a matter of the respective stakes. For Americans independence was truly awesome. If it failed, it made its advocates traitors, whose lives and properties counted for nothing; even if it succeeded, the old certainties of political life were gone. By contrast, no class of Englishmen faced unavoidable risk to person or property." (Langford, op.cit., p. 538.)
"had a profound influence on nineteenth-century students, but none at all on the conduct of policy at the time. Nor did Chatham's idea of a permanent American legislature which would exercise the powers of taxation claimed by Parliament. It was not clear that either of these projects would have appealed to the colonists themselves." (Langford, op.cit., p. 537.)
"In the increasingly heated atmosphere which came to prevail after Saratoga, the management of the war was bound to prove contentious. There was a perceptible sense by 1799 that unless the war situation improved rapidly, the great dam of North's political security would break under pressure of public anxiety and political animus." (Langford, op.cit., p. 544.)
"The taxes were multiplied with the public distress; economy was neglected in proportion as it became necessary; and the injustice of the rich shifted the unequal burden from themselves to the people Imperial ministers pursued with proscriptive laws, and ineffectual arms, the rebels whom they had made and if Rome still survived, she survived the loss of freedom, of virtue and of honour."
"None of Gibbon's readers could have failed to draw the message. Since 1763 Britain had been the world's most powerful nation, with a dominion stretching from the eastern seaboard of India to the Great Lakes of North America. But now a large part of its western empire was in revolt, leaving the imperial state traumatized. In 1783 the Treaty of Paris formally ceded independence to the thirteen rebel colonies of the new United States of America. Some attributed the disaster to divine chastisement; others like Gibbon blamed internal decay."
"Yet the forebodings proved false. Over the following decades Britain established a second, more dispersed, mainly maritime, and (in their eyes) moral empire, blessed by providence and devoted to peace, freedom and Christian mission. In 1850, by which date about one quarter of the world's population was governed from London, a Foreign Secretary [Lord Palmerston] could boast that the Britons were like ancient Romans before the fall, world citizens able to call on the protection of Her Britannic Majesty's Government wherever they might be." (Quotations from Hilton, A Mad, Bad & Dangerous People? England 1783-1846, p. 1.)
"Their [the colonists'] understanding of property, in fact, was profoundly embedded in their thinking not only about the nature and purposes of political society, but also about the character and meaning of liberty itself." (Middlekauff, op.cit., p. 122.)
"What accounts for the elaboration of these fears into almost paranoid delusions of covert designs and evil conspiracies against colonial liberty? Only recently have historians begun to take these charges seriously, though not as descriptive of the realities of English politics and government, but as indicative of a genuineand pervasivebelief in America about English intentions. As rhetorically extravagant as the colonists' reactions may appear, they were not contrived; they were not what we call propaganda. Rather, they were deeply felt and honest reactions." (Middlekauff, op.cit., p. 132.)
"Violence and economic coercion observed limits; they were not resorted to indiscriminately. Nor, when mobs flexed their muscles, did they go off on a mad rampage. Their self-control proved remarkableand quite effective. British officials dismissed them as rabble, a mistaken judgment by those who could not see what stood before their eyes: American opposition that bit deeply into society and suggested how powerful the revulsion was against imperial authority." (Middlekauff, op.cit., p. 140.)
"In the 17th Century England was a minor power which steered clear of European Wars. From the 1690's on England became one of the strongest military powers in Europe. It developed a strong navy and acquired an empire outside Europe. It however was able to keep its European enemies of balance by the use of subsidies to allies such as Prussia.
So successful was England that it not only conquered one empire. It actually lost its American colonies, its first empire, and then replaced it by conquests in India and Africa. Some years ago it was thought that the key to England's success was its growing economic power, which took place hand in hand with its growth of empire. This book suggests that something else was happening. For most of the period France was a larger country and its growth rates were not that dissimilar. What was different about England was that it was able to impose very high tax burdens on its citizens with low administrative costs and it was better able to debt manage. The book suggests that the reason for this was that England's government was not a monarchy but a government that was shared between a monarch and the parliament. This firstly meant that taxation was seen as fair. Secondly there was oversight, which led to tax collection being efficient. In France tax collection was done by created hereditary positions. In England it was done by salaried positions with people appointed on the basis of educational qualifications. The main device used to collect tax was excise. There was no income tax until the time of Pitt the Younger and land tax was not set at a high rate. Rather a large number of commodities such as beer soap, wine etc had a tax placed on them at the point of production. England unlike France was a country that did not have a substantial peasant class and as a result a much larger number of transactions occurred in the monetary economy and attracted tax. One of the virtues of the book is the realization of how much effort went into warfare. One English three-decker cost more than the setting up of the largest factory in the country. The government whose expenditure was about 99% concerned with war was the biggest employer in the country. Not only was England able to develop the forerunner of a modern bureaucracy to collect tax it was also able to set up complex systems of procurement for its armed forces. The structure of the society also led to widespread participation by the more wealthy in the day to day running of the country. Aristocratic families would have the younger sons who were not entitled to the wealth of the family take employment. These would be in the parliament, the navy, army, church and sometimes in the administration. This in turn meant that there was a high degree of professionalism in the navy and army as it was manned by career officers." (Review by Tom Munro of John Brewer, The Sinews of Power: War, Money and the English State, 1688-1783, Amazon.com. Accessed, 5 September 2011. Spelling and punctuation edited.)
"The British faced problems in the war unlike any they had ever faced, and just as rich as their past was, it furnished only limited guidance. The war was not just another struggle in the wilderness of the New World. The army and navy knew America: they had fought there before, and had fought well. The war was in fact a civil war against a people in thirteen colonies who gained determination as they fought and sacrificed. The military problems of dealing with these people were baffling; not only were they at a great distance and scattered from Maine to Florida, they were full of surprises. Few in Britain had imagined that the Americans could pull themselves together and create a central government and an armyand then fight year after year. Fewer still sensed their political enthusiasm' as Burke had styled their near-fanaticism for self-government." (Middlekauff, op.cit., p. 595.)
"The British fought one warof the old kindand the Americans fought another, one that looked towards the massive conscripted armies of the next century. Their conception of war differed from the British one, just as their politics, with its emphasis on rights and freedom, was different from that of the ancien régime. These differences were all part of the reasons for American victory." (Middlekauff, op.cit., p. 597.)
"Whatever revolutions are, they often make clear what on one has noticed before. They usually appear as either inevitable or as surprises. The American Revolution falls into a special category. It surprised men and women on both sides of the Atlantic when it began and yet ever since has seemed inevitable." (Middlekauff, op.cit., p. 686.)
"The men and women who made the Revolution were not fully aware of the implications of their actions when the crisis began in the 1760s. How could they be? But as the crisis grew, so did they. At its ending, an ending that opened up so much of the American life that followed, they recognized how important the course they had set for their country really was. Alexander Hamilton put it compellingly:
It has been frequently remarked that it seems to have been reserved to the people of this country, by their conduct and example, to decide the important question, whether societies of men are really capable or not, of establishing good government from reflection and choice, or whether they are forever destined to depend, for their political constitutions, on accident and force.' The Americans' answer was the political order and the political understanding established in the years of the Revolution. This answer has posed a challenge for Americans ever since -- to act in ways that capture the wisdom of their revolutionary past." (Middlekauff, p. 687.)
"During the six years that our expedition against the East has lasted, owing to my reliance on the Majesty of Imperial Heaven, the wicked bands have met death. It is true that the frontier lands are still unpurified, and that a remnant of evil is still refractory. But in the region of the Central Land there is no more wind and dust. Truly we should make a vast and spacious capital and plan it great and strong." "At present things are in a crude and obscure condition, and the people's minds are unsophisticated. They roost in nests and live in caves. Their manners are simply what is customary. Now if a great man were to establish laws, justice could not fail to flourish. And even if some gain should accrue to the people, in what way would this interfere with the Sage's actions? Moreover, it will be best to open and clear the mountains and forests, and to construct a palace. Then I may reverently assume the Precious Dignity, and also give peace to my good subjects. Above, I should then respond to the kindness of the Heavenly Powers in granting me the Kingdom, and below, I should extend the line of the Imperial descendants and foster rightmindedness. Thereafter the capital may be extended so as to embrace all the six cardinal points, and the eight cords may be covered so as to form a roof. Will this not be well? [然して後に、六合を兼ねて都を開き、八紘を掩ひて宇と為さむ亦可からずや。]" "When I observe the Kashiwara plain, which lies S.W. of Mount Unebi, it seems the Centre of the Land. I must set it in order." (『日本書紀❶』, pp. 230-231, Nihongi, pp. 131-132.)
"This whole speech is thoroughly Chinese in every respect, and it is preposterous to put it in the mouth of an Emperor who is supposed to have lived more than a thousand years before the introduction of Chinese learning into Japan. The strange thing is that it is necessary to make this remark. Yet there are still writers who regard this part of the Nihongi as historical." (Aston, Nihongi, p. 131.)
"It is clear that Razan did not believe in the Age of the Gods and the divine antecedents of the Emperor Jimmu, and it would have made considerable difference to subsequent Japanese thought if he, the leading scholar of his day, had said so. He did not." (Brownlee, Japanese Historians and the National Myths, pp. 25-26.)
"Hayashi Razan presented two versions of the origins of the imperial house and suppressed the version that seemed more congenial to his Confucian rationalist thinking. Why? Although the position [stated in the Honcho Tsugan] is nonsensical, no one thinks that he was merely confused." (Brownlee, op.cit, p. 27.)
"This type of story was not uncommon in other Japanese records besides Kojiki and Nihon Shoki, especially those of the seventh and eighth centuries. That was a time of heavy immigration from Korea to Japan, and by the eighth century the Korean immigrants discovered that the Japanese government was prepared to admit them to full citizenship upon their adoption of Japanese names. Many of them presented documents to the Japanese government for certification, showing how they had come by their Japanese names. One method was to claim that their distant ancestors were originally Japanese, but had gone to Korea, and that it some point members of the family had returned to Japan, just like Susano-O, to reclaim their names. His story may have been a model. Thus the immigrants added to the rich Japanese store of records, legends, distortions, fabrications, and lies about genealogy." (Brownlee, op.cit, p. 97.)
"proclaimed that the great shrines and holy edifices of the empire did not worship the imperial ancestors, that the three sacred regalia of the imperial house were mere altar decorations, that the imperial Great Feast of Accession worshipped a mere Heaven of Kume's imagining."
"the imperial ancestor Oshimimi [aka Masakatsu Agatsu Katsu Hayabi] came from Korea to prosper and that the descent of the heavenly founder of the imperial line occurred about 100 years before Emperor Jimmu [and not the figure of 1,792,470 years, stated in the Nihongi]."
"It is difficult to summarize the intellectual position of the opposition since much of it resonates like cries of pain personally suffered from a great wound inflicted on the sacred nation by a traitor within." (Quotations from Brownlee, op.cit, p. 99.)
"Thus in 1940, the leading historians of Japan participated in a government project to commemorate a date in which they could not believe. All the historians believed without second thought that the Emperor Jimmu had existed, but none of them accepted 660 BC as the date of his founding the empire at Kashihara. Now, in 1940 all the leading historians accepted 660 BC as the date to which they gave formal scholarly recognition. The distinction between education and scholarship had been erased in favor of the date used by the Ministry of Education." (Brownlee, op.cit., pp. 184-185.)
"The idea that there are no national boundaries in scholarship, and that the scholarly research must be absolutely free, comes from the natural sciences. In the spiritual sciences [seishin kagaku 精神科学], a clear distinction must be made between research and the teaching of students Now if the 2,600th anniversary is studied by scientific history, its doubtfulness is apparent to anyone. However, when it comes to teaching, I would like to have a firm distinction drawn, under which we refrain from discussing this doubtfulness." (Quoted by Brownlee, op.cit., pp. 142-143.)
"Nobody was startled by the spectacle of Japan's leading historian arguing that historical truth should not be taught to the nation. Such were the times that people were more likely to be offended by the statement that, in the view of scholars, the 2,600th anniversary of the empire was doubtful." (Brownlee, ibid.)
"It is not difficult to summarize Tsuda's ideas. The Tokyo Imperial University scholars approached history by rigorously examining pieces of evidence one by one and trying to build up a detailed record of events, without questioning the imperial framework of history. Tsuda cast his eye over the whole process of ancient history and asked when and how the imperial framework came into being. The answer was not far to seek: the main sources for ancient history were Japan's first histories, Kojiki and Nihon Shoki. Because both were written by bureaucrats and intellectuals, at the command of the emperor, and given the content and organization of the two works, it was not hard to reason that they were written to legitimize the imperial state. Their historical reliability was compromised." (Brownlee, op.cit., pp. 189-190.)
"The Emperor is Heaven-descended, divine, and sacred; he is pre-eminent above all his subjects. He must be reverenced and is inviolable. He has indeed to pay due respect to the law but the law has no power to hold him accountable to it. Not only shall there be no irreverence for the Emperor's person, but also shall He neither be made a topic of derogatory comment nor one of discussion." (Quoted in Brownlee, op.cit., p. 95.)
"Our country alone is the imperial nation. Since its founding, the positions of ruler and subjects have been settled. The sovereign governs our country in a line unbroken for ages eternal, coeval with Heaven and Earth. In this is manifested our national essence, which has no parallel in other countries." (Kuroita Katsumi, Kokutai Shinron, quoted in Brownlee, op.cit., p. 150.)
"The social reality of the myths [relating to the Age of the Gods and the Emperor Jimmu] persists -- the land, the emperor, and the people of Japan, three in one and one in three. The myths express the love of the emperor for the people -- a love that is real and is the basis for the absolutism of the emperor, which [is] a positive value. Absolutism is not despotism. In the myths the gods gather to discuss and decide matters, and this preference for discussion reflects the reality that the Japanese emperor has never been a despot. Speech is free and everyone's view is considered." (ibid., p. 150-151.)
"The scholarly style since Meiji has been mainly to work at searching out the facts. This is called scientific research. The research method is called analytical. Analysis is autopsy. Autopsies are for the dead. (By coincidence, in a pun reminiscent of Morihei Ueshiba's Aiki [合 matching + 気] is Aiki [愛 love + 気]', an anonymous article called Tokyo Imperial University professors of history' [shi 史] professors of death' [shi 死].) The opposite, searching for truth, is unifying. Unifying is life. But it is not science; rather, it is art, and taken to its end, it is faith. In truth history has many aspects. It goes without saying that a cool scientific approach and meticulous research are necessary. But if history is analyzed by that alone, it dies. What makes history live, and continue, is the mysterious spiritual power of living people who believe in it. By this spiritual power, fact becomes truth. Such truth is what the historian must search for. Thus, the historian will become the priest for the past, present and future and will assist in the development of Heaven and Earth." (Hiraizumi Kiyoshi, Rekishi ni okeru Jitsu no Shin' [Fact and Truth in History], 1925, Shigaku Zasshi, 36. 5, p. 371. Quoted in Brownlee, op.cit., pp. 170-171. Insertion in square brackets mine.)
"[i]n order to set the world on its correct path once more, Asia must first become Asian. In order for Asia to become Asian, Japan must first become Japanese. In order for Japan to become Japanese, it must stop following the meaningless models of foreign civilization and revive the true spirit of Japan. To do this positively, we must pay no heed to considerations of life or death, gain or loss, and with united hearts we must awaken the spirit of Bushido that has slumbered so long in our breasts." (Hiraizumi Kiyoshi, Bushido no Fukkatsu' [The Revival of Bushido], 1933. Quoted by Brownlee, op.cit., p. 178.)
"Luce advocated entering World War II on the side of Great Britain for the triumphal purpose of defending democracy and advancing freedom. It was the sacred vision of a global calling consistent with Woodrow Wilson's previous entreaty of making the world safe for democracy and, even earlier, with William McKinley's imperialistic epiphany of keeping the Philippine Islands so that America might uplift and civilize and Christianize them, and by God's grace do the very best by them, as our fellow-men for whom Christ also died' (quoted in Charles S Olcott, The Life of William McKinley, 1916, Houghton Mifflin, pp. 110-111)."
"Cast in the image of becoming the world's Good Samaritan', Luce's prophetic vision of Christian sacrifice expressed the transformative power of American principles' on an international scale (Luce, 1941.) As the inheritors of all the great principles of western civilization,' America was the powerhouse' now charged with spreading these ideals throughout the world and lifting the life of mankind from the level of beasts to what the Psalmist called a little lower than the angels' (Luce, 1941). It was America's duty' and opportunity as the most vital and powerful nation of the world' to exert the full impact of its influence consistent with its own means and ends (Luce, 1941)." (Quoted by Robert L Ivie, "Depolarizing the Discourse of American Security: Constitutive Properties of Positive Peace in Barack Obama's Rhetoric of Change," in Edmund Demenchonok (ed.) Philosophy After Hiroshima, 2010, pp. 234-235. Henry R Luce's essay is available online: http://books.google.com/books?id=I0k...page&q&f=false. Accessed online, August 29, 2011.)
Peter Goldsbury (b. 28 April 1944). Aikido 6th dan Aikikai, Emeritus Professor at Hiroshima University, teaching philosophy and comparative culture. B. in UK. Began aikido as a student and practiced at various dojo. Became a student of Mitsunari Kanai at the New England Aikikai in 1973. After moving back to the UK in 1975, trained in the Ryushinkan Dojo under Minoru Kanetsuka. Also trained with K Chiba on his frequent visits to the UK. Moved to Hiroshima, Japan, in 1980 and continued training with the resident Shihan, Mazakazu Kitahira, 7th dan Also trained regularly with Seigo Yamaguchi, Hiroshi Tada, Sadateru Arikawa and Masatake Fujita, both in Hiroshima and at the Aikikai Hombu. Was elected Chairman of the IAF in 1998. With two German colleagues, opened a small dojo in Higashi-Hiroshima City in 2001. Instructed at Aiki Expo 2002 in Las Vegas, Nevada.


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My recently article SQL SERVER – Reducing CXPACKET Wait Stats for High Transactional Database has received many good comments regarding MAXDOP 1 and MAXDOP 0. I really enjoyed reading the comments as the comments are received from industry leaders and gurus. I was further researching on the subject and I end up on following white paper written by Microsoft.
Understanding and Controlling Parallel Query Processing in SQL Server
Data warehousing and general reporting applications tend to be CPU intensive because they need to read and process a large number of rows. To facilitate quick data processing for queries that touch a large amount of data, Microsoft SQL Server exploits the power of multiple logical processors to provide parallel query processing operations such as parallel scans. Through extensive testing, we have learned that, for most large queries that are executed in a parallel fashion, SQL Server can deliver linear or nearly linear response time speedup as the number of logical processors increases. However, some queries in high parallelism scenarios perform suboptimally. There are also some parallelism issues that can occur in a multi-user parallel query workload. This white paper describes parallel performance problems you might encounter when you run such queries and workloads, and it explains why these issues occur. In addition, it presents how data warehouse developers can detect these issues, and how they can work around them or mitigate them.
To review the document, please download the Understanding and Controlling Parallel Query Processing in SQL Server Word document.
Note: Above abstract has been taken from here.
The real question is what does the parallel queries has made life of DBA much simpler or is it looked at with potential issue related to degradation of the performance?
Reference: Pinal Dave (https://blog.sqlauthority.com)

subset: commoncrawl


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VIP Club
Join Geneva Movieplex's VIP Club and start earning valuable points. Be a frequent guest of the Geneva Movieplex and be rewarded with discounts and free offers that are only for VIP Club members! Just present your VIP Club card with every ticket and concession purchase to start earning points today!
- Membership is free
- Must be 13 years of age or older to enroll
- Receive a weekly email with our showtimes and special annoucements for the upcoming week
- Print and complete the enrollment form below then give to a Geneva Movieplex employee on your next visit to enroll in the club (enrollment form has complete program details)
VIP Club Balance


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Montefiore Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
The Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Montefiore is one of the largest and most esteemed in the tri-state area. Creating and/or restoring optimal function and autonomy for our patients lies at the heart of what we do.
Our specialists use a patient-centered, holistic approach to develop highly individualized treatment plans that maximize mobility, agility and independence. Our goal is for you to return to a physical state that will allow you to participate actively at home, work and in the community so that you can enjoy your life to the fullest.
Addressing Multiple Conditions—From the Routine to the Most Complex
Our highly-trained physicians and specialists have pioneered innovative technologies and embraced the latest treatment techniques since we first opened our doors in nearly sixty years ago.
Practicing in a compassionate and family-centered environment, our experts treat a wide range of medical conditions stemming from accidents and conditions, such as:
- Functional Loss Following Surgery
- Lymphedema
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Muscular Dystrophy
- Neonatal Disorders
- Joint Pain
- Osteoarthritis
- Osteoporosis
- Parkinson's Disease
- Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Amputation
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's Disease)
- Back Pain
- Brain Injury
- Cancer
- Cardiopulmonary Disease
- Cerebral Palsy
- Chronic Pain
- Fractures
- Fibromyalgia
- Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
- Sciatica
- Spasticity
- Spina Bifida
- Spinal Cord Injuries
- Sports Injuries
- Stroke and Other Neurological Illnesses
Helping You Get Back to the Life You Love to Live
We invite you to explore this website and learn more about the services and treatments we provide, our physicians, leading-edge research and more. You'll quickly see the many ways that our Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation experts can help you or a loved one gain maximum function and independence.
See why so many applicants choose Montefiore-Einstein Pain Medicine FellowshipPhysical Medicine and Rehabilitation ResidencyPhysical Medicine and Rehabilitation Fellowship |


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Connecting the DotsTracking Two Identified Terroristsby Valdis KrebsSocial Network Analysis [SNA] is a mathematical method for 'connecting the dots'. SNA allows us to map and measure complex, and sometimes covert, human groups and organizations. Early in 2000, the CIA was informed of two terrorist suspects linked to al-Qaeda. Nawaf Alhazmi and Khalid Almihdhar
were photographed attending a meeting of known terrorists in Malaysia.
After the meeting they returned to Los Angeles, where they had already
set up residence in late 1999. What do you do with these suspects? Arrest or deport them immediately? No, we need to use them to discover more of the al-Qaeda network. Once suspects have been discovered, we can use their daily activities to uncloak their network. Just like they used our technology against us, we can use their planning process against them. Watch them, and listen to their conversations to see...
The structure of their extended network begins to emerge as data is discovered via surveillance. A suspect being monitored may have many contacts -- both accidental and intentional. We must always be wary of 'guilt by association'. Accidental contacts, like the mail delivery person, the grocery store clerk, and neighbor may not be viewed with investigative interest. Intentional contacts are like the late afternoon visitor, whose car license plate is traced back to a rental company at the airport, where we discover he arrived from Toronto (got to notify the Canadians) and his name matches a cell phone number (with a Buffalo, NY area code) that our suspect calls regularly. This intentional contact is added to our map and we start tracking his interactions -- where do they lead? As data comes in, a picture of the terrorist organization slowly comes into focus. How do investigators know whether they are on to something big? Often they don't. Yet in this case there was another strong clue that Alhazmi and Almihdhar were up to no good -- the attack on the USS Cole in October of 2000. One of the chief suspects in the Cole bombing [Khallad] was also present [along with Alhazmi and Almihdhar] at the terrorist meeting in Malaysia in January 2000. Figure 2 shows the two suspects and their immediate ties. All direct ties of these two hijackers are colored green, and link thickness indicates the strength of connection. Once we have their direct links, the next step is to find their indirect ties -- the 'connections of their connections'. Discovering the nodes and links within two steps of the suspects usually starts to reveal much about their network. Key individuals in the local network begin to stand out. In viewing the network map in Figure 2, most of us will focus on Mohammed Atta because we now know his history. The investigator uncloaking this network would not be aware of Atta's eventual importance. At this point he is just another node to be investigated. Figure 3 shows the direct connections of the original suspects as green links, and their indirect connections as grey links. We now have enough data for two key conclusions:
With hindsight, we have now mapped enough of the 9-11 conspiracy to stop it. Again, the investigators are never sure they have uncovered enough information while they are in the process of uncloaking the covert organization. They also have to contend with superfluous data. This data was gathered after the event, so the investigators knew exactly what to look for. Before an event it is not so easy. As the network structure emerges, a key dynamic that needs to be closely monitored is the activity within the network. Network activity spikes when a planned event approaches. Is there an increase of flow across known links? Are new links rapidly emerging between known nodes? Are money flows suddenly going in the opposite direction? When activity reaches a certain pattern and threshold, it is time to stop monitoring the network, and time to start removing nodes. IMHO this bottom-up approach of uncloaking a network is more effective than a top down search for the terrorist needle in the public haystack -- and it is less invasive of the general population, resulting in far fewer "false positives". All data for this analysis is 'open source' and was gathered from public sources on the WWW in late 2001 and early 2002. A more complete network map of the hijackers and reported others is available. I want to thank all those who provided constructive feedback on earlier versions of this document. This white paper was written under the assumption that all surveillance data is gathered via legal means and that it will stand up in a court of law. Update 2005In August 2005, U.S. Congressman Curt Weldon revealed a similar network map of 9-11-2001 terrorists that was created in 2000, also from open source information. The "Able Danger" secret US intelligence unit supposedly created that network maps. This project remained controversial throughout 2005. Here is an overview of "Able Danger" -- including blurred pictures of Able Danger maps. In December 2005, U.S. President George W. Bush revealed that he authorized the National Security Agency [NSA] to monitor phone calls and Internet traffic of US-based people with "terrorist links". My guess is that once the NSA gathers the data, it is assembled and analyzed in a fashion very similar to the above scenario. Update 2006It appears that the Canadian terror cell that was arrested in June 2006 was tracked and unraveled in method very similar to what I describe above. The Toronto Star reported that initially the suspects were spotted on web sites spewing anti-Western sentiments and the desire to attack in North America. This gave the Canadian intelligence community an entry point into the network. Then, starting at this entry point, they were able to discover others in the network using normal surveillance methods and linking them together. The Baltimore Sun reported that the surveillance received prior approval:
Canadian officials had to obtain permission from a threat-review committee before investigating Canadian citizens, he said. As a result, he said, all the information collected should be usable in court." In August 2006, a large terror plot -- to blow up U.S. passenger planes crossing the Atlantic Ocean -- was disrupted in England. The Scotsman reports the following:
In the initial stages, counter-terrorism officers watched from a distance. By sifting telephone records, e-mails and bank records, the MI5 officers built up what insiders call "concentric circles" of information, gradually connecting each suspect to others and building up a detailed picture of the conspiracy. Concentric circles of 1 and 2 steps? Looks like they followed the recipe above. It appears that this terror network was not disrupted by data mining of massive phone & financial records -- Big Brother was not involved. An entry point was found into the network, allowing the activity of the network to reveal the structure of the network -- all without bothering the other 60,000,000+ UK residents. Update 2007Jeff Jonas -- the genius behind NORA [Non-Obvious Relationship Awareness] -- comments on the congressional debate on data mining of massive phone-call data: Home | Software | Training | Consulting | Case Studies | Blog | Contact |


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The UN force chief in the Democratic Republic of Congo has complained there is still no sign of 3,000 peacekeepers approved by the UN five months ago.
Alan Doss told the BBC his force was overstretched and unable to respond effectively to outbreaks of violence.
He said he needed the extra troops to deploy against a Rwandan Hutu militia and the Ugandan Lord's Resistance Army.
Eastern DR Congo saw intense fighting between Congolese rebels and government forces late last year.
The 17,000-strong UN mission, known as Monuc, was placed under strain during the major offensive in North Kivu province, which forced 100,000 civilians to flee.
In November, the UN security Council authorised the deployment of an extra 3,000 troops to the region.
Mr Doss said there had been an improvement in the situation in the east of the country following a five-week joint military operation launched in January between the forces of Rwanda and DR Congo.
The campaign led to the arrest of the Congolese rebel CNDP's (National Congress for the Defence of the People) leader, and the surrender of many fighters.
They said they were fighting to protect the Tutsi community from attacks by Rwandan Hutu rebels based in DR Congo.
"The less good news is that operations are still ongoing and will have to continue for some time against the ex-genocidal forces, the so-called FDLR, the ex-Interahamwe. That's a big job," he said.
The FDLR's (Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda) presence in DR Congo lies behind years of unrest in the region and some of its leaders are linked to the 1994 Rwandan genocide.
'Doing terrible things'
Mr Doss said he wanted to send the extra troops to restive Ituri province and to South Kivu, where FDLR fighters have been operating.
The Welshman said he also needed to send additional forces to Haut-Uele province, where Ugandan rebels were "doing terrible things".
The LRA has butchered hundreds of civilians in the north-east of DR Congo since going on the rampage in the region last Christmas.
"We are stretched and the additional 3,000 will also enable us to create a force reserve so that when a situation erupts as it did last September and October, we had no reserves," Mr Doss said.
"It is true that we have a mandate to protect but within the limits that we know, we can't be everywhere all of the time and this is a serious concern for us," he added.
UN officials have often said there peacekeepers are thinly stretched over a country the size of Western Europe.
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Create a Website Account - Manage notification subscriptions, save form progress and more.
An approved backflow prevention assembly has gone through an approval process at the Foundation for Hydraulic Research and Cross Connection Control at the University of Southern California. This is a two step process consisting of laboratory tests and twelve months of field testing. Assemblies successfully completing the entire testing procedure are recognized by the City of Flagstaff as approved backflow prevention assemblies.
Show All Answers
To open your water, sewer and trash account, you may contact the City in one of the following ways: in-person, online, or mail/fax. To set up an account in-person, please visit City Hall at 211 W Aspen. To set up an account online or via mail/fax, please visit the customer service webpage at: www.flagstaff.az.gov E-SERVICES Service Activation Request Please note: The charge to open normal Residential service is $176.21 which includes a $26.21 Service Charge including tax and a $150 Refundable Deposit (after 12 consecutive on-time payments). All new account set-ups require one full business day notice.
The City of Flagstaff does not transfer accounts. Accounts must be terminated and a new account may be activated. You may terminate your current account online, via mail, by calling 928-213-2231 or visiting Customer Service in the 1st floor lobby of City Hall (211 W. Aspen). A new account may be activated online or by visiting Customer Service at least one business day prior to activation and before 2 p.m. New accounts will incur and deposit fee that will be billed to the new account. The deposit fee may be waived if the original account has an excellent payment history. Examples of excellent payment history include, but are not limited to: on-time payments, full payments, no payment arrangements, etc. The charge to open normal Residential service is $176.21 which includes a $26.21 Service Charge including tax and a $150 Refundable Deposit (after 12 consecutive on-time payments). All new account set-ups require one full business day notice. Activation information may be found online at: www.flagstaff.az.gov E-SERVICES
Flagstaff has 3 locations for water hauling of potable (drinking) water and 2 for non-potable (reclaim) water. Potable water load-out stations are at 5401 E. Commerce St., 410 N. Bonito St. and 4500 S. Lake Mary Road. Non-potable (reclaimed) water load-out stations are just outside the Rio de Flag Water Reclamation Plant at the end of S. Babbitt Way and just outside the fenced area of the Wildcat Hill Wastewater Treatment Plant at 2800 N. El Paso Road. The former load-out station on Lone Tree has been closed. For a brochure with information and a map for water hauling, follow the link on the Customer Service web page. Current rates can be found on the City's Customer Service web page. NOTE: Only potable trucks & tanks can be used at potable load-out stations.
Call the emergency phone number at (928) 774-0262.
There are two ways to close a utility account: phone or online. To close your account via phone, please call (928) 213-2231 during business hours with the account number, forwarding address, and termination date. To close your account online, please use the online form located on the customer service webpage. A minimum of 24 hours notice is required for all account closures.
Call the Customer Service Division to get your meter location at (928) 213-2231.
The phone number for Blue Stake is (800) 782-5348.
Your water pressure depends on your elevation and which pressure zone you are located in. Call Utilities Administration at (928) 213-2400 and we can check on our pressure map and tell you approximately what your water pressure should be.
The average Flagstaff residential customer uses 65-100 gallons of water per day. If your water consumption exceeds this amount per household member, you may have a leak. The most common cause of leaks is toilets with sticking float valves. Dye tablets kits are available at the Customer Service counter in City Hall. Another cause could be if you have an underground "stop and waste valve" that is not in the fully closed position or is leaking.
The City takes the accuracy of monthly billings seriously. In fairness to all municipal customers, the City has established a refund and back-bill policy. Read the full policy here.
For residential sewer, your usage is based on an average of the gallons billed in December, January, February, and March (winter quarter average). The usage is updated each June based on the previous year's usage. New properties for which there is no historical data are set to the average of the user class.
The City understands water leaks and other unexplained high usage can occur which may cause a high bill. Please call us to discuss a leak credit at 928-213-2231. Read more about the policy here.
The customer's responsibility for their water service line starts at the water meter, where the line attaches to the outlet meter coupling and continues to the house.
The City of Flagstaff does not make recommendations for particular plumbers. A good rule of thumb is to see if the plumber is licensed, bonded, and insured for residential and/or commercial work. Ask for references to find out about past work experience.
Most homes have a water shutoff valve located inside the house where the water service line enters. The City's valve is located next to the water meter in the meter box. A special valve key is required to operate the valve without damaging it.
Some homes have pressure reducing valves located on the customer side of the meter box. These devices will occasionally fail and are the customer's responsibility to repair or replace. Call us at (928) 774-0262 and we will be happy to assist you in determining the problem.
You can contact the staff at these facilities at the following phone numbers:
Our water hardness varies from 25 ppm to 325 ppm depending on the source of production. The average throughout the system is 125 to 200 ppm (7.3 to 11.7 grains per gallon).
Call the water treatment plant at (928) 774-0262. Typical reasons are fire hydrants being flushed, construction on the system, new home plumbing, garden hose left pressured up and on. Someone will be glad to assist you in determining the cause of the problem.
The City is responsible for the main line in the easement/street. The homeowner is responsible for the service line from the structure to the main line. The homeowner may repair the line in his/her own yard but needs a licensed contractor to excavate and make repairs in the street.
You must obtain a permit and pay the tap fee at City Hall. Your contractor exposes the main line; the City crew makes the tap and installs the saddle. If in the street, the contractor properly back-fills / compacts the hole, saw-cuts the street, and the City patches the asphalt or concrete.
The City does not maintain as-built drawings showing sewer taps installed by others. We do have TV logs for most of the City and can research where the tap is most likely located.
Contact the Industrial Waste Monitoring Section at (928) 213-2117 to schedule an inspection to find out what you may need for grease collection to prevent clogs in your sewer line and the city's collection system. If you serve food on the site, it is most like that you will need to install a grease trap or interceptor outside your facility and away from the food prep area.
No new meters are being added for reclaimed water at this time. You can contact the Utilities Division at (928) 213-2400 for more information.
The Wildcat Hill Wastewater Treatment Plant accepts the following wastes from the City of Flagstaff and Coconino County: bio-solids (sludge) from nearby wastewater treatment plants, residential septic tanks, river runner waste cans, chemical toilets, restaurant grease, and commercial facilities (dirt accumulated in car washes and lint from laundry lint traps). Materials received from nearby wastewater treatment plants, commercial facilities and laundry facilities will need prior inspection and written approval from the City of Flagstaff's Industrial Pretreatment Program to ensure the facility does not accept anything that could damage the plant's operation. Contact Jolene Hayes at (928) 213-2117 to schedule an inspection for this approval.
The Wildcat Hill Wastewater Treatment Plant can receive wastes from 7:30 am to 2:45 pm from March to December, 10:00 am to 2:45 pm from December through February. Please note that extremely cold weather may delay or cancel opening of the areas where wastes are received by trucks. Arrangements can be made for after hours, holidays, and weekends for an additional charge.
Flagstaff's water distribution system is designed to keep the water flowing from the distribution system to you, the customer. However, when hydraulic conditions within the system deviate from "normal" conditions, water flow can be reversed. When this backflow happens, contaminated water can enter the water distribution system.
For more information see here: https://www.flagstaff.az.gov/35/Backflow-Prevention
A backflow preventer is an approved, testable assembly which uses valves, in different configurations, to prevent polluted or contaminated water from reversing direction and flowing backward.
Federal and State law require that water suppliers protect their water systems from contamination. State regulations exempt single family residences used solely for residential purposes from assembly requirements if there are no hazards present. However, residences used for other purposes or with non-potable water used on site, such as reclaimed water, as well as commercial and industrial customers, are required by City Ordinance #7-03-001-0015 and State Administrative Code rule R18-4-115 to install and maintain backflow prevention assemblies. (Copies of Ordinance #7-03-001-0015 are available in the Flagstaff City Clerk's office or from the City of Flagstaff's Industrial Waste Monitoring Section at (928) 213-2475). When a determination is made by the Industrial Waste Monitoring Section that the potable water system may be subject to contamination through backflow or backsiphonage, a backflow prevention assembly will be required. Flagstaff Industrial Waste Monitoring Section makes these decisions on a case by case basis. New facilities are required to install the backflow prevention assemblies in a hot box outside the building (unless it is for the fire riser and then it can go in the fire riser room with adequate drainage to the sanitary sewer) as close to the water meter as possible.
A letter will be sent to any facility notifying them of the need for a backflow prevention assembly. A Flagstaff Industrial Waste Monitoring Section Inspector will visit your property to do an evaluation for backflow requirements. You will be told upon completion of the inspection or review of your plans.
Yes. Unless you make other arrangements with Flagstaff Industrial Waste Monitoring Section, the backflow prevention assembly must be in compliance within 30 days from the date of the initial compliance notification. You will receive a follow up notice after 30 days. After 45 days, you will receive a notice informing you that your water service may be discontinued unless you achieve compliance. If at any time during this process you have a problem meeting this compliance schedule, it is extremely important that you contact the Flagstaff Industrial Waste Monitoring Section immediately, at (928) 213-2475, and make special arrangements for an extension.
The installation of the backflow prevention assembly is the responsibility of the customer. The assembly may be installed by a property owner, plumbing contractor, or a general contractor, subject to the Rules and Statutes of the Arizona Registrar of Contractors. Permits are required to install or replace these assemblies. Permits are issued by Flagstaff's Building Safety Department. Please call (928) 213-2618 for additional information on permits.
The backflow prevention assembly must be located as close as possible to the water service connection but must remain on private property. Contact Flagstaff's Industrial Waste Monitoring Section at (928) 213-2475 for information on variances.
It is the sole responsibility of the customer to ensure that the assembly is in satisfactory operating condition at all times. Notices will be sent to the customer advising them when an annual test is required on their backflow assembly. The customer must contact a recognized Back-flow Assembly Tester to perform the test. If any repair work or maintenance is performed on the assembly, a recognized Tester must retest the assembly immediately and submit the test results. Please contact the Cross Connection Control Program at (928) 213-2475 for instruction on how to submit the backflow prevention assembly test result as the process has changed recently.
A list of certified testers can be found by calling BSI Online at (800) 414-4990. If you have your customer confirmation number (CCN), you can look up testing companies on-line at https://bsionline.com
Complete an application in the Utilities Division or go to our website at http://www.flagstaff.az.gov/index.aspx?nid=21 to download an application. These applications need to be done annually so the city is in compliance with ADEQ as these permits are only valid from January 1 to December 31 of each year. You can call the Utilities Division administration staff at (928) 213-2400 with any questions.
You can contact the City of Flagstaff's Water Conservation personnel at (928) 213-2116 for more information on a turf rebate. This type of rebate requires an inspection of the site before the work begins. There must be a minimum of 750 square feet of turf that will be replaced with low water use plants to qualify for the rebate.
You can call the Water Conservation office at (928) 213-2116 to inquire on the status of these rebates at this time. Information is also available at flagstaff.az.gov/rebates.
The residential deposit is a total of $150 (non-residential is $300). The deposit is billed in three (3) increments of $50. Upon request, the deposit will be credited to a municipal account after twelve (12) months of on time payments. Your deposit may be waived if you have had a year's of on time payments with the City at another property or by providing a letter of credit from another utility. Contact email@example.com or Customer Service at 928-213-2231.
The rebate program for washing machines and hot water re-circulators is no longer available.
This fee funds a variety of city-wide environmental programs including but not limited to, environmental management, sustainability, environmental code enforcement, and conservation education programs. Effective August 1, 2020 the fee is changing from a flat $4 per bill to a rate of $.035 of core service charges including trash, recycling, stormwater, water, and wastewater.
This fee establishes the Water Resource and Infrastructure Protection Fund which supports the Wildland Fire Management program. Funding helps protect our valuable water resources and infrastructure through forest management to prevent catastrophic wildfire. The established fee is $0.52 per 1,000 gallons of water. The fee goes into effect August 1, 2020.


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Open today until 11:00 PM
Pub Opening Hours
Pub Opening Hours | |
Monday | 12:00–23:00 |
Tuesday | 12:00–23:00 |
Wednesday | 12:00–23:00 |
Thursday | 12:00–23:00 |
Friday | 12:00–23:00 |
Saturday | 12:00–23:00 |
Sunday | 12:00–23:00 |
Terms & Conditions
Kids Eat For £1* Terms and conditions.
Kids Eat For £1* with the purchase of 1 adult main meal bought in the same transaction. One adult main meal must be purchased per child to receive the offer.
Available Monday - Friday during the school holiday from 12th February to the 23rd February 2024, during normal kitchen opening hours.
Regional holiday dates may vary so please contact the pub directly to check offer availability, prior to your arrival.
Offer cannot be exchanged for any other product and/or cash alternative.
Offer not to be used in conjunction with any other offer or promotion including 30% off mains/lunch offer/weekday food offers.
If you have any questions about qualifying meals, or if you have any intolerances or allergies, please ask a member of staff before ordering.
We reserve the right to change, amend or remove this offer without prior notice due to circumstance outside of our control. Promoter: Marston's Pubs and Bars (a trading name of Marston's PLC), Marston's PLC, St Johns House, St Johns Square, Wolverhampton WV2 4BH.


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What legal web site would be complete without legal disclaimers? While lawyers can hardly resist the temptation to inundate their visitors with a series of legal warnings, we believe that it is important to share these thoughts on the use of KramersLaw.com and on the internet as a means of finding legal counsel:
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Next, Rick Astley Will Beg For Obscurity Again
Apparently the makers of the movie Downfall have demanded takedowns of all those various Hitler-speech parodies on YouTube using clips from the movie (I linked to one here, which still seems to be up).
If this is true, it is stupid. I really enjoyed Downfall, and likely would never have rented it had I not been exposed to it via YouTube parodies.
Update: Some meta parody. Pretty dang funny.


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If you looking to quick set up site offering hosting services – there you go.
Most common feature on that kind of site you would find:
- 3 hosting plans
- Join to our mailing list
- Why choose our services ?
- Account registration.
Code is very well documented and easy to find changes you need to do in order to personalise this template.
All forms are working ( you just need to enter your email address in couple of .php files – not rocket science) and display messages if something is wrong.
If you want to change colour of server you need to try this:
Make sure you check my other "servers" – you may be able o fit different one in this project:
If you've got some questions just drop me a line I will help you.
– edit 1.05.2011 – so far I know it was used here: http://skyhosting.co.uk/
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text:
Green Bay, WI – David Akers made three field goals, including an NFL record-tying 63-yarder, as the San Francisco 49ers made a strong case as the early team to beat in the NFC with a 30-22 win over the Green Bay Packers at Lambeau Field.
The Packers had won 13 straight regular season home games, but rarely resembled the juggernaut that amassed a franchise-record 560 points during last year's 15-1 campaign.
Rather, it was the 49ers who showed last season's 13-3 record and run to the conference championship game was no fluke.
Alex Smith threw for 211 yards and two touchdowns on 20-of-26 efficiency for San Francisco (1-0), which had lost nine straight meetings with the Packers (0-1).
"It wasn't perfect by any means," Smith said, "but good team football, everybody helping each other."
Randy Moss, signed in the offseason after retiring for a year, caught four passes for 47 yards and a TD, while Frank Gore ran for 112 yards and a score on 16 carries in the win.
Aaron Rodgers, the reigning league MVP, tossed for 303 yards with two touchdowns and one interception while completing 30-of-44 attempts.
"They got a great defense. You have to give them credit," Rodgers said of the 49ers, who returned all 11 of their defensive starters.
Randall Cobb totaled 77 yards on a team-high nine catches and returned a punt 75 yards for a TD with 11:16 remaining in a highlight-filled fourth quarter.
Cobb fielded Andy Lee's booming 61-yard punt at his own 25-yard line, raced untouched up the right sideline and stiff-armed Lee en route to the end zone.
Jordy Nelson caught the two-point conversion to cut the deficit to 23-15, and the Packers got the ball right back after a quick punt.
Rodgers, though, threw an ill-advised pass across the middle that was intercepted by NaVorro Bowman deep in his own territory on the first play of the ensuing possession.
Gore took the next handoff, bounced outside to the right and withstood two big hits near the goal line for a 23-yard scoring scamper with 8:41 to play.
Less than three minutes later, Rodgers hit James Jones with a 10-yard touchdown pass to make it a one-possession game again, and the Packers got the ball back at their own 16 with 3:37 remaining.
The Packers moved the ball to the 49ers' 45, but Ahmad Brooks sacked Rodgers for a loss of seven on second down. After a 7-yard gain, Rodgers threw a jump ball to Nelson down the right sideline that was knocked down, and the 49ers ran out the remaining time.
Moss' 20-yard catch set up Akers' first field goal, a 40-yarder with 4:53 remaining in the opening quarter.
It was the first of five straight scoring drives for the 49ers, who went 92 yards in nine plays the next time they had the ball. Moss ended that drive with a 14-yard touchdown catch across the middle 3:50 into the second quarter.
The score gave Moss 154 receiving TDs in his career, moving him into sole possession of second place on the all-time list.
The Packers finally got on the board with a 10-play, 80-yard march that saw Rodgers find Jermichael Finley for a 1-yard TD with under five minutes left in the half.
The visitors were able to string together two more scoring drive before the break, the first culminating in a 43-yarder by Akers.
After holding Green Bay to a three-and-out, backup quarterback Colin Kaepernick ran 17 yards to the Packers' 45-yard line. Two incompletions in a span of nine seconds left two ticks on the clock, and Akers came in for one final play.
The 15-year veteran, whose career long was 57 yards coming in, got just enough behind the record-tying kick, as the ball bounced off and over the crossbar, much to the crowd's disbelief.
"I think this was definitely a once in a lifetime type of deal," Akers said. "It is one of those things you'll never forget."
Green Bay did not move the chains in its first drive of the second half, while the 49ers picked up yardage with ease during a 9-play, 84-yard drive. Vernon Davis caught a 4-yard TD pass from Smith for the only points in the third quarter.
Game Notes
Both teams lost to the eventual Super Bowl-winning Giants in last year's playoffs ... Akers tied the longest field goal in NFL history set by Tom Dempsey in 1970 and matched by Jason Elam (1998) and Sebastian Janikowski (2011) ... The Packers had won five straight openers ... Moss trails Jerry Rice by 43 receiving TDs ... The last time the 49ers beat the Packers in regular-season play came in a 24-20 road victory on Nov. 4, 1990 ... The 49ers are 11-0 when Smith starts and has 100-plus quarterback rating ... Cedric Benson, signed by Green Bay three weeks ago, gained just 18 yards on nine carries.


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Short version: I'm trying to compute the orientation of a triangle on a plane, formed by the intersection of 3 edges, without explicitly computing the intersection points.
Long version: I need to triangulate a PSLG on a triangle in 3D. The vertices of the PSLG are defined by the intersections of line segments with the plane through the triangle, and are guaranteed to lie within the triangle. Assuming I had the intersection points, I could project to 2D and use a point-line-side (or triangle signed area) test to determine the orientation of a triangle between any 3 intersection points.
The problem is I can't explicitly compute the intersection points because of the floating-point error that accumulates when I find the line-plane intersection. To figure out if the line segments strike the triangle in the first place, I'm using some freely available robust geometric predicates, which give the sign of the volume of a tetrahedron, or equivalently which side of a plane a point lies on. I can determine if the line segment endpoints are on opposite sides of the plane through the triangle, then form tetrahedra between the line segment and each edge of the triangle to determine whether the intersection point lies within the triangle.
Since I can't explicitly compute the intersection points, I'm wondering if there is a way to express the same 2D orient calculation in 3D using only the original points. If there are 3 edges striking the triangle that gives me 9 points in total to play with. Assuming what I'm asking is even possible (using only the 3D orient tests), then I'm guessing that I'll need to form some subset of all the possible tetrahedra between those 9 points. I'm having difficultly even visualizing this, let alone distilling it into a formula or code. I can't even google this because I don't know what the industry standard terminology might be for this type of problem.
One thing that occurs to me: Perhaps if I could fit non-overlapping tetrahedra between the 3 line segments, then the orientation of any one of those that crossed the plane would be the answer I'm looking for. Other than when the edges enclose a simple triangular prism, I'm not sure if this sub-problem is solvable either.
Any ideas how to proceed with this?


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NBA Jam
NBA Jam is a fruit preserve product made for spreading on bread, toast, cakes and various other sweets and confectionery. It is a sweet tasting spread, made from various flavors of fruit, such as various berries and NBA players semen. A Very simmilar product to Jelly Spread but has seeds in it.
Welcome to NBA JAM[edit]
The National Basketball Association (NBA) have their own special brand, that was established in 1992 by Midway Home Jam Makers. The Jam is made up from professional basketball players blood, sweat and semen. The product is also made up personally by each player that represents their own flavor.
The product sells for around $2.99 American, $4.99 Canadian and about $1,020,345,987.63 in some fucked up other countries currency that America don't give a shit if they endorse the product or not.
He's Heating Up[edit]
Each individual contracted to their special label flavor is required to have an NBA official observe the process to mark it as 100% genuine to what goes into each 350ml serving of delicious NBA Jam. The official will be required to make sure the athlete, or athletes in some cases, testicles or anus are at a barmy 76 degrees Celsius. Anything below that temperature is rejected and sent to Smuckers for their lower quality Goober products. The official may be required to bring the individual people involved a hot towel, Gatorade to put back in what the sweat takes out, or sometimes if the individual is having personal problems, he may be required to lend a hand him or herself.
He's On Fire[edit]
Once the JAM is in it's fermenting stage of the process, it is then sent into a boiler at 350 degrees to kill off any live sperm cells to make sure no fertile tadpoles can re-produce in the prevention that eating NBA Jam will cause rappers to think they are basketball stars, or in worse previous known cases, basketball players thinking they are rap stars. This process became compulsory by the NBA in 1998 after evidence was given after watching the MTV top 100 marathon of current rap music since 1995.
NBA JAM: Tournament Edition[edit]
In 1996 the flavors of the Jam product where enhanced and expanded to include more then just one players personal touch. The regular individual flavors remained on the market while new flavors where brought in to heat things up, and to keep interest in the jam. Some new flavors included, "2 in 1", "Practice Shots" to "whole teams" contributing to the new flavors of NBA JAM. Some flavors even claimed to help give power-ups to every serving, to make people run faster, jump higher and for the L.A brand, to rape harder.
NBA JAM Extreme[edit]
This product was introduced in 1998 as part of the last promotion the NBA JAM product would try introducing. It had vast improved flavors and more contributors, but after this one, no one was really taking much notice of the product anymore. One reason for this is that the makers, Sculptured Soft Foods, plastered the word "EXTREME" all over the packaging. They also measured every nutrient in EXTREME measurements, right down to EXTREME Calories per EXTREME serving. Even the jam itself was covered in EXTREME. All this extreme made eating the jam an extremely slow process. Drinking games soon sprang up where people would take a shot every time they saw the word EXTREME in the jam. They would always be too drunk to continue before they got halfway through the jar and end up eaten by any nearby grizzly bears. Such incidents were especially common in Vancouver. Safety concerns also arose when people discovered that the Chicago brand grew multicolored hair and that spreading the jam on the same piece of bread three times would cause the jam to smoke. The product was not as much as a success, so it was agreed upon, to just keep the popular brands under the regular NBA JAM title's and port it to every home eater they could.
Each glass jar is made from a 100% authentic NBA glass backboard. It is a well known fact that each backboard will break and shatter to pieces between the 1st to 3rd major slam dunks in the 4th quarter, that is, provided it was dunked on massively during the first 3 quarters. Once the cameras are off screen from visibility of the shattered ring, half the NBA JAM clean-up-crew move in as fast as lightning and collect the glass to be recycled for the NBA JAM jars while the other half replace the backboard with a stronger one that will not break. The glass is then taken to the NBA JAM factory and melted down to make the jars that supply the contents of the delightful tastes of NBA JAM.
NBA JAM with Wee[edit]
NBA JAM has remained a classic jam spread for over 3 decades now. In January 2010, original recipe and Midway marksman Mark Turmwell joined the E.A team's confectionery label to start concepts for a new NBA JAM promotion. It has been over a decade since the NBA JAM product has launched a new flavor. Mark is currently coming up with ideas with E.A to launch new urine flavored jams to be exclusively sold wherever Nintendo toilet products are found. The NBA JAM Wee project is yet to be labeled with an official name, but the product should start being manufactured and launched by November 2010.
- Update: NBA Jam was released under the same title in 2011. Appearing not just with wee, but also with a surprise flavors from NBA players ex-girlfriends, entitled eX-Box Jam. The flavor's have been a smash success since their release, so awesome that the products are also found on the shelves of Playstation Shopping Isles and sold in smaller travel size doses via the Itunes home shopping device.
Famous Flavors[edit]
- Shaq Attack - Made from the personal feces of Shaquille O'Neal after his post Friday night Taco Bell dinner rampages.
- Jordan's Air Balls - Is a rather salty tasting spread produced from Michael Jordans wrung out testicle sweat. It was pulled off the shelf in 1995, but returned in 1996, then fucked off again in 1998 only to return in 2000 with a new flavor that no one cared to try.
- Magic's Johnson - This is a special magic lemonaid flavor that speaks for itself. The personal slogan for this jam is "when life gives you aids, make lemonaids"
- Kareem Abdul Chewbar - This is a rather thick spread that contains bits of crunchy peanut and brittle chunks and comes in a Jar 33 times the size of your dick.
- Dennis's Rod, Man - This was a popular product with celebrities in the late 90's, but was pulled off shelves for giving people worms.
- Patrick Spewing - The oatmeal textured vomit created by this one was a #1 seller until they found traces of hookers pubic hairs inside them.
- Bird Dip - Larry Bird personally extracts 3 pints of semen into every cup himself, which makes it a rare find as only 5,000 are produced per year.
- Kobe Cola - This particular product is no longer available due to flavor of it just plain sucks, and too many women complained once they opened the jar it attempted to rape them.
- Mugsey Takes A Bog - This one is popular with people who just want a little extra something in their diet.
- Scottie Shitten - At first the name put everyone off trying the Jam, but once they tried it, they knew it was a great back up to help improve the flavor of the Air Balls jam when mixed together correctly.
- Anfernee Hardaway At Work - This was a popular flavor in Orlando for a while, but then people realized the taste wouldn't get them very far.
- Latrine Peewell - Made from the entire teams sweat and urine of the Golden Shower Warriors.
- Utah Jizz - This flavor wasn't the same when Karl Malone & John Stockton parted ways and left their contribution to the jams fecal matter tasting rather empty.
- Chicago Bull Sperm - The flavor used to be popular when people thought Scottie Pippen and Jordan where included in the team jam, but it turned out it was just the sperm of Luc Longley, Bullwinkle & The Rock.
- Charles In Charge - Sir Charles Barkley still manages to sell this product, even tho he spent the end of his career in the shadow of the other flavor Hakeem "The Jam & Cream" Olajuwon, the product still managed to sell.
- Ankle Breakers - This is a popular spread with kids for a while, till no one will pass them the jar and hog it all to themselves.
- Detroit Piss Tonnes - Isaiah Thomas will collect 1 tonne of piss from the Detroit Pistons locker room, and donate it to NBA JAM to make this bitter-sweet flavor.
- Washington Wizz - This ones much like the Detroit one, only it doesn't taste as good.
- Philly 69ers - This one is made up from the Philadelphia 76er's and their cheerleaders wetspots.
- Miami Heating Up - This is the most common Jam on the market by the NBA Jam company. The Miami Heat jerk off into 7 buckets before each game for the flavor to be mixed in with Coconut and Pineapple.
- San Antonio Sperms - Tim dunks his Duncan into a cantaloupe once per month and shoots of the extracts into a towel boys Gatorade cup for a surprisingly refreshing taste that puts back in what the cum takes out.
- Clydes Drexler - Clyde will glide his penis through 90 degrees of hot chocolate and then top off the flavor with chopped up M&M's.
- Charlotte Horny Bastards - this was popular till they lost Larry's Johnson and Alonzo's Morning contributions leaving the Jam to struggle to sell till it was just given up on all together.
- L.A Shitters - Trust us, you don't wanna know what they put in this crap.
- Boston Spill Dicks - a creamy after taste of mint and Celtic pride goes into every jar.
- Wilts Chamber - this one died off the market, but was said to be great in it's day as possibly the best flavor of all time.
- Horses Ass Grant - This one comes with goggles on the jar. It has a pretty good defensive taste, but hasn't sold as well since 1995.
- Double-Dribble - This one just drools with flavor provided by the towel boys of the Memphis Grizzlies.
- Denvers Nuggets - This one is a more required taste for people who want a chunky chicken taste with hints of nuts and corn.
- Yao Dingle Ming - This has a big Chinese flavor that is delicious and makes you crave more of it but it it keeps falling off the shelves and breaking it's jars, so you can only find it for a few days in the early season of January.
- Cleveland's Cream - This flavor has a very smokey flavor procured from the air in Cleveland and had sucked until 2003 when they added a flavor that is now in Miami Heating Up. Up until 2010 this flavor was one of the best on the market, but the special ingredient decided to "take it's flavor to South Beach". Now this is one of the worst flavors in the world.
- Vancouver Pushovers - For much of the late 1990's, this brand was marketed as the first flavor you should eat because it was easier to eat than any other flavor.
- Toronto Rape-Tors - This excited people when it hit the shelves for the first time in the mid 1990's, however it was soon banished as it couldn't live up to it's name compared to the brand in L.A Kobe was contributing to with more on-shelf-time and spread percentages.
- Phoenix Bums - Once they started contributing the anal juices of Steve Nash in 2006, it improved the flavor that had long been called shit-berry, but never gained the same #2 best taste of the year it had back in 1993.
Famous People Who Secretly Love NBA Jam flavors[edit]


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Create a Website Account - Manage notification subscriptions, save form progress and more.
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Anyone with a valid, up-to-date library card from their hometown library may use items from The Preston Public Library (PPL). To register your card at the PPL you must bring your hometown library card, as well as photo ID to the PPL.
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