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Death toll from Philippine floods, landslides rises
The Philippines government says 22 people have been killed and nearly 200,000 others evacuated as floods and landslides hit a southern region still recovering from a deadly 2012 typhoon.
Torrential rain struck the eastern section of Mindanao island at the weekend, unleashing a fresh round of misery for survivors of Typhoon Bopha, civil defence officials said.
"Major rivers overflowed, causing people to drown in areas still recovering from Typhoon Pablo," local civil defence operations officer Franz Irag told AFP, using the local designation for Typhoon Bopha, which struck the region in December 2012.
"Many of the victims had not managed to rebuild and were staying in temporary shelters when they were hit by fresh flooding," Irag said.
Weekend floods and landslides killed eight people in Davao Oriental province and five in Compostela Valley, Irag said.
Additionally, six were buried in a landslide on the small southern island of Dinagat while three other people drowned in nearby areas, John Lenwayan, a civil defence official for the region, told AFP by telephone.
The bad weather also forced more than 194,000 people to flee their homes, Irag and Lenwayan said.
The two officials said the rains started abating on Monday and some of those who took refuge in government-run shelters were returning to their homes.
The Mindanao floods occurred amid an international rehabilitation effort for areas destroyed by Super Typhoon Haiyan in November last year.
Haiyan left at least 7,986 people dead or missing across the central Philippines, according to a running government tally.
Bodies are still being recovered from under the rubble.
An average of 20 typhoons and storms kill hundreds of people across the Philippines every year, but the last three years have been exceptional in the ferocity of some of these disasters.
Bopha, which struck the region in December 2012, left 1,900 people dead or missing on Mindanao by government count.
Tropical Storm Washi also unleashed floods that killed 1,080 people in December 2011.


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Product Details:
Based on the classic Michael Noonan novel, December Boys is a story of four orphan teenagers growing-up behind the closed doors of a catholic convent in outback Australia during the 1960s. As the boys watch younger kids get adopted by loving families, they begin to realize that as they get older, their turn may never come. When the convent sends the boys to visit the seaside one summer, they finally have something to look forward to.While at the seaside, the boys meet a young couple unable to have children, who would make the perfect parents. The eldest of the boys, Maps (Harry Potter's Daniel Radcliffe) finds himself drawn to Lucy, a beautiful girl from down the coast. Competing to be the most adoptable, the rest of the boys, Sparks, Misty and Spit, severely test their friendships as long gestating feelings of rejection explode to the surface.The bonds of friendship eventually overcome the rivalries, sealing forever the strong ties that bind the December boys as they learn the real meaning behind friendship, family and love.

subset: commoncrawl


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Crude oil sourced in the United States is cheaper and therefore means less pain at the pump for American drivers. When adjusted for inflation, however, the price for a gallon of regular unleaded gasoline is still high because of international dynamics, AAA said Monday.
"Cheaper domestic crude has a significant effect on the price most of us pay at the pump," AAA spokesman Michael Green told Oilprice. "U.S. refineries have access to cheaper crude oil than their overseas competitors, which provides a lucrative business advantage."
The U.S. Energy Information Administration said U.S. oil production should hit 9.6 million barrels per day before 2020, the highest level in more than 40 years. Most of the increase in production comes from so-called tight oil formations and EIA said production trends should continue into the next decade.
Related Article: What Happens After the Boom?
Green said prices at the pump have decreased along with increased U.S. oil production. The spring national average for a gallon of regular unleaded in 2011 peaked at $3.98, but shouldn't pass the $3.65 per gallon mark this season. The national average price for Monday was $3.58 per gallon.
"Without the surge in domestic crude oil production and expanded refinery capacity, it is likely that drivers in most parts of the country would be paying at or near $4.00 per gallon this spring for gasoline," Green said.
Only Hawaii and California had state average prices above the $4.00 mark and most of that was because of higher taxes than the other 48 states.
Green said the spread between the price of West Texas Intermediate crude oil, the U.S. benchmark, and Brent, the global benchmark, has been higher than usual at least since February 2012. That means there's an abundance of cheaper oil at home, which makes the U.S. energy market look good compared with the rest of the world.
Nevertheless, market factors beyond the U.S. border are keeping gasoline prices high, relatively speaking. When adjusted for inflation, the $2.09 per gallon reported as a national average this week in 2009 would be $2.29 today. Green said prices are so much more expensive now because demand for energy is increasing in China and other developing nations, which makes oil prices rise in response.
Related Article: Spring Fever Could Lead to Increase in Gas Demand
For U.S. consumers then, AAA said gasoline prices are still considered too expensive despite the shale boom. AAA data show more than half of the people in the country consider $3.50 too much to pay for a gallon of gasoline.
"These results show that despite the increase in domestic production, prices still have not dropped to as low as most people in the public would expect and want," Green said.
For the ending March 31, EIA said U.S. drivers paid at least $3.00 per gallon than their European counterparts, however.
By Daniel J. Graeber of Oilprice.com


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The Russian leader's popularity plummeted as people came to terms with the prospect of 12 more years of his rule. That popularity has never bounced back. Russians began to describe Putin as the modern incarnation of Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev. A Photoshopped image of an aged-looking Putin dressed in one of Brezhnev's old uniforms went viral. When two months later Russia's Duma elections were clumsily rigged—again, videos of ballot stuffing and other violations quickly spread online—disgust with Putin and the regime reached a tipping point. That's when tens of thousands of Russians took to the streets of Moscow, chanting, "Russia without Putin!"
What we have seen of Putin in 2012 is nothing like the strong, unassailable leader of his earlier years. He had come to power promising to be a powerful defender of Russian sovereignty; now he hoards orphans to score a political point that inadvertently demonstrates how little leverage he actually has. Putin is the leader of a regime that appears insecure, nervous, and thin-skinned…
Putin's decision on Friday to deny his country's most helpless citizens a better future is the most craven example of his desperate search for a cure to his own sagging popularity. Russians see the Kremlin's new anti-corruption crusade—a number of senior officials, including the defense minister, have been caught in the dragnet—as the empty populist gambit that it is. Corruption is Russia's most durable currency; a campaign to end graft can only go so far before it becomes a threat to the entire political system.
The bad news for Putin is that his xenophobic, anti-American displays no longer work on a population that increasingly views him as illegitimate.


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(a) Leases
(1) The Secretary of the Interior is authorized to divide any lands subject to this chapter which have been classified for coal leasing into leasing tracts of such size as he finds appropriate and in the public interest and which will permit the mining of all coal which can be economically extracted in such tract and thereafter he shall, in his discretion, upon the request of any qualified applicant or on his own motion, from time to time, offer such lands for leasing and shall award leases thereon by competitive bidding: Provided, That notwithstanding the competitive bidding requirement of this section, the Secretary may, subject to such conditions which he deems appropriate, negotiate the sale at fair market value of coal the removal of which is necessary and incidental to the exercise of a right-of-way permit issued pursuant to title V of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 [43 U.S.C. 1761 et seq.]. No less than 50 per centum of the total acreage offered for lease by the Secretary in any one year shall be leased under a system of deferred bonus payment. Upon default or cancellation of any coal lease for which bonus payments are due, any unpaid remainder of the bid shall be immediately payable to the United States. A reasonable number of leasing tracts shall be reserved and offered for lease in accordance with this section to public bodies, including Federal agencies, rural electric cooperatives, or nonprofit corporations controlled by any of such entities: Provided, That the coal so offered for lease shall be for use by such entity or entities in implementing a definite plan to produce energy for their own use or for sale to their members or customers (except for short-term sales to others). No bid shall be accepted which is less than the fair market value, as determined by the Secretary, of the coal subject to the lease. Prior to his determination of the fair market value of the coal subject to the lease, the Secretary shall give opportunity for and consideration to public comments on the fair market value. Nothing in this section shall be construed to require the Secretary to make public his judgment as to the fair market value of the coal to be leased, or the comments he receives thereon prior to the issuance of the lease. He is authorized, in awarding leases for coal lands improved and occupied or claimed in good faith, prior to February 25, 1920, to consider and recognize equitable rights of such occupants or claimants.
(A) The Secretary shall not issue a lease or leases under the terms of this chapter to any person, association, corporation, or any subsidiary, affiliate, or persons controlled by or under common control with such person, association, or corporation, where any such entity holds a lease or leases issued by the United States to coal deposits and has held such lease or leases for a period of ten years when such entity is not, except as provided for in section 207(b) of this title, producing coal from the lease deposits in commercial quantities. In computing the ten-year period referred to in the preceding sentence, periods of time prior to August 4, 1976, shall not be counted.
(B) Any lease proposal which permits surface coal mining within the boundaries of a National Forest which the Secretary proposes to issue under this chapter shall be submitted to the Governor of each State within which the coal deposits subject to such lease are located. No such lease may be issued under this chapter before the expiration of the sixty-day period beginning on the date of such submission. If any Governor to whom a proposed lease was submitted under this subparagraph objects to the issuance of such lease, such lease shall not be issued before the expiration of the six-month period beginning on the date the Secretary is notified by the Governor of such objection. During such six-month period, the Governor may submit to the Secretary a statement of reasons why such lease should not be issued and the Secretary shall, on the basis of such statement, reconsider the issuance of such lease.
(i) No lease sale shall be held unless the lands containing the coal deposits have been included in a comprehensive land-use plan and such sale is compatible with such plan. The Secretary of the Interior shall prepare such land-use plans on lands under his responsibility where such plans have not been previously prepared. The Secretary of the Interior shall inform the Secretary of Agriculture of substantial development interest in coal leasing on lands within the National Forest System. Upon receipt of such notification from the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture shall prepare a comprehensive land-use plan for such areas where such plans have not been previously prepared. The plan of the Secretary of Agriculture shall take into consideration the proposed coal development in these lands: Provided, That where the Secretary of the Interior finds that because of non-Federal interest in the surface or because the coal resources are insufficient to justify the preparation costs of a Federal comprehensive land-use plan, the lease sale can be held if the lands containing the coal deposits have been included in either a comprehensive land-use plan prepared by the State within which the lands are located or a land use analysis prepared by the Secretary of the Interior.
(ii) In preparing such land-use plans, the Secretary of the Interior or, in the case of lands within the National Forest System, the Secretary of Agriculture, or in the case of a finding by the Secretary of the Interior that because of non-Federal interests in the surface or insufficient Federal coal, no Federal comprehensive land-use plans can be appropriately prepared, the responsible State entity shall consult with appropriate State agencies and local governments and the general public and shall provide an opportunity for public hearing on proposed plans prior to their adoption, if requested by any person having an interest which is, or may be, adversely affected by the adoption of such plans.
(iii) Leases covering lands the surface of which is under the jurisdiction of any Federal agency other than the Department of the Interior may be issued only upon consent of the other Federal agency and upon such conditions as it may prescribe with respect to the use and protection of the nonmineral interests in those lands.
(B) Each land-use plan prepared by the Secretary (or in the case of lands within the National Forest System, the Secretary of Agriculture pursuant to subparagraph (A)(i)) shall include an assessment of the amount of coal deposits in such land, identifying the amount of such coal which is recoverable by deep mining operations and the amount of such coal which is recoverable by surface mining operations.
(C) Prior to issuance of any coal lease, the Secretary shall consider effects which mining of the proposed lease might have on an impacted community or area, including, but not limited to, impacts on the environment, on agricultural and other economic activities, and on public services. Prior to issuance of a lease, the Secretary shall evaluate and compare the effects of recovering coal by deep mining, by surface mining, and by any other method to determine which method or methods or sequence of methods achieves the maximum economic recovery of the coal within the proposed leasing tract. This evaluation and comparison by the Secretary shall be in writing but shall not prohibit the issuance of a lease; however, no mining operating plan shall be approved which is not found to achieve the maximum economic recovery of the coal within the tract. Public hearings in the area shall be held by the Secretary prior to the lease sale.
(D) No lease sale shall be held until after the notice of the proposed offering for lease has been given once a week for three consecutive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the county in which the lands are situated in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary.
(E) Each coal lease shall contain provisions requiring compliance with the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1151–1175) [33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.] and the Clean Air Act [42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.].
(A) The Secretary shall not require a surety bond or any other financial assurance to guarantee payment of deferred bonus bid installments with respect to any coal lease issued on a cash bonus bid to a lessee or successor in interest having a history of a timely payment of noncontested coal royalties and advanced coal royalties in lieu of production (where applicable) and bonus bid installment payments.
(B) The Secretary may waive any requirement that a lessee provide a surety bond or other financial assurance to guarantee payment of deferred bonus bid installment with respect to any coal lease issued before August 8, 2005, only if the Secretary determines that the lessee has a history of making timely payments referred to in subparagraph (A).
(5) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if the lessee under a coal lease fails to pay any installment of a deferred cash bonus bid within 10 days after the Secretary provides written notice that payment of the installment is past due—
(A) the lease shall automatically terminate; and
(B) any bonus payments already made to the United States with respect to the lease shall not be returned to the lessee or credited in any future lease sale.
(b) Exploration
(1) The Secretary may, under such regulations as he may prescribe, issue to any person an exploration license. No person may conduct coal exploration for commercial purposes for any coal on lands subject to this chapter without such an exploration license. Each exploration license shall be for a term of not more than two years and shall be subject to a reasonable fee. An exploration license shall confer no right to a lease under this chapter. The issuance of exploration licenses shall not preclude the Secretary from issuing coal leases at such times and locations and to such persons as he deems appropriate. No exploration license will be issued for any land on which a coal lease has been issued. A separate exploration license will be required for exploration in each State. An application for an exploration license shall identify general areas and probable methods of exploration. Each exploration license shall contain such reasonable conditions as the Secretary may require, including conditions to insure the protection of the environment, and shall be subject to all applicable Federal, State, and local laws and regulations. Upon violation of any such conditions or laws the Secretary may revoke the exploration license.
(2) A licensee may not cause substantial disturbance to the natural land surface. He may not remove any coal for sale but may remove a reasonable amount of coal from the lands subject to this chapter included under his license for analysis and study. A licensee must comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the Federal agency having jurisdiction over the surface of the lands subject to this chapter. Exploration licenses covering lands the surface of which is under the jurisdiction of any Federal agency other than the Department of the Interior may be issued only upon such conditions as it may prescribe with respect to the use and protection of the nonmineral interests in those lands.
(3) The licensee shall furnish to the Secretary copies of all data (including, but not limited to, geological, geophyscal,1 and core drilling analyses) obtained during such exploration. The Secretary shall maintain the confidentiality of all data so obtained until after the areas involved have been leased or until such time as he determines that making the data available to the public would not damage the competitive position of the licensee, whichever comes first.
(4) Any person who willfully conducts coal exploration for commercial purposes on lands subject to this chapter without an exploration license issued hereunder shall be subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 for each day of violation. All data collected by said person on any Federal lands as a result of such violation shall be made immediately available to the Secretary, who shall make the data available to the public as soon as it is practicable. No penalty under this subsection shall be assessed unless such person is given notice and opportunity for a hearing with respect to such violation.
References in Text
This section, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 2 of act Feb. 25, 1920, as amended, which is comprised of subsecs. (a) to (d). Subsecs. (a) and (b) of section 2 comprise this section, subsec. (c) of section 2 comprises section 202 of this title, and subsec. (d) of section 2, as added by section 5(b) of Pub. L. 94–377, comprises section 202a of this title.
The Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is Pub. L. 94–579, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2743, as amended. Title V of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 is classified generally to subchapter V (§1761 et seq.) of chapter 35 of Title 43, Public Lands. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of Title 43 and Tables.
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(E), is act June 30, 1948, ch. 758, 62 Stat. 1155, formerly classified to chapter 23 (§1151 et seq.) of Title 33, Navigation and Navigable Waters, which was completely revised by Pub. L. 92–500, §2, Oct. 18, 1972, 86 Stat. 816, and is classified generally to chapter 26 (§1251 et seq.) of Title 33. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1251 of Title 33 and Tables.
The Clean Air Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(E), is act July 14, 1955, ch. 360, 69 Stat. 322, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 85 (§7401 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7401 of Title 42 and Tables.
Section is comprised of subsecs. (a) and (b) of section 2 of act Feb. 25, 1920, as amended by section 1 of act June 3, 1948. Subsec. (c) of section 2 of act Feb. 25, 1920, is classified to section 202 of this title. Subsec. (d) of said section 2, as added by Pub. L. 94–377, §5(b), Aug. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1086, is classified to section 202a of this title.
2005—Subsec. (a)(4), (5). Pub. L. 109–58 added pars. (4) and (5).
1978—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 95–554 authorized negotiated fair market value sales of coal when exercising Federal land policy and management right-of-way permits.
1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–377, §2, designated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted provisions authorizing the division of any lands subject to this chapter which have been classified for coal leasing into tracts as the Secretary finds appropriate, in the public interest and will permit the mining of all economically extractable coal, such leases to be awarded by competitive bidding for provisions authorizing the division of classified or unclassified lands into tracts of forty acres, or multiples thereof, in such form as, in the Secretary's opinion will permit the most economical mining, such leases to be awarded by competitive bidding or by such other method adopted by general regulation, inserted provisions relating to deferred bonus payments leasing, leasing to public agencies, and to the fair market value of leases, struck out provision for notice of proposed offering for lease in a newspaper of general circulation prior to approval or issuance of a competitive lease of coal, and added pars. (2) and (3).
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–377, §4, designated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted provisions relating to the issuance, term and conditions of exploration licenses for provisions relating to the issuance of prospecting permits for a term of two years, for not exceeding 5125 acres, with an extension period of two years if the permittee has been unable, with the exercise of reasonable diligence to determine the existence or workability of coal deposits and desires further exploration, and added pars. (2) to (4).
1964—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 88–526, §2(a), removed limitation on a single competitive lease by striking out "but in no case exceeding two thousand five hundred and sixty acres in any one leasing tract," after "such tracts,".
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 88–526, §2(b), increased limitation on the area carried by a prospecting permit from 2,560 to 5,120 acres.
1959—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 86–252 struck out "outside of the Territory of Alaska," after "United States,".
1948—Act June 3, 1948, amended section generally, dividing it into subsections (a) to (c) and making minor technical changes. Subsecs. (a) and (b) comprise this section and subsec. (c) is set out as section 202 of this title.
Effective Date of 2005 Amendment
Pub. L. 109–58, title IV, §438, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 763, provided that: "The amendments made by this subtitle [subtitle D (§§431–438) of title IV of Pub. L. 109–58, amending this section and sections 202a, 203, and 207 of this title] apply with respect to any coal lease issued before, on, or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 8, 2005]."
Effective Date of 1976 Amendment
Pub. L. 99–190, §101(d) [title III, §320], Dec. 19, 1985, 99 Stat. 1224, 1266, provided that: "The provisions of section 2(a)(2)(A) of the Mineral Lands Leasing Act of 1920 (41 Stat. 437) [subsec. (a)(2)(A) of this section], as amended by section 3 of the Federal Coal Leasing Amendments Act of 1976 (90 Stat. 1083) [Pub. L. 94–377, see 1976 Amendment note above] shall not take effect until December 31, 1986."
Savings Provision
Pub. L. 94–377, §4, Aug. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1085, provided that the amendment made by that section is subject to valid existing rights.
Transfer of Functions
Functions of Secretary of the Interior, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(D), to promulgate regulations under this chapter relating to fostering of competition for Federal leases transferred to Secretary of Energy by section 7152(b) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. Section 7152(b) of Title 42 was repealed by Pub. L. 97–100, title II, §201, Dec. 23, 1981, 95 Stat. 1407, and functions of Secretary of Energy returned to Secretary of the Interior. See House Report No. 97–315, pp. 25, 26, Nov. 5, 1981.
Exchange of Coal Preference Right Lease Applications
Pub. L. 116–9, title I, §1121(a), Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 636, provided that:
"(A) in lieu of a monetary payment for 50 percent of a bonus bid for a coal lease sale under the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.); or
"(B) as a monetary credit against 50 percent of any rental or royalty payments due under any Federal coal lease.
"(i) a bonus in a coal lease sale; or
"(ii) rental or royalty under a Federal coal lease.
Study of Coal Leases by Director of the Office of Technology Assessment
Pub. L. 94–377, §10, Aug. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1090, provided that the Director of the Office of Technology Assessment conduct a complete study of coal leases entered into by the United States under sections 201, 202, and 202a of this title, which study was to include an analysis of all mining activities, present and potential value of these leases, receipts to the Federal Government from these leases, and recommendations as to the feasibility of the use of deep mining technology in leased areas, with the results of his study to be submitted to Congress within one year after Aug. 4, 1976.
Coal Mining on Areas of National Park, Wildlife, Wilderness Preservation, Trail, Scenic Rivers, Systems Not Authorized
Pub. L. 94–377, §16, Aug. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1092, provided that: "Nothing in this Act [see Short Title of 1976 Amendment note under section 181 of this title], or the Mineral Lands Leasing Act [this chapter] and the Mineral Leasing Act for Acquired Lands [section 351 et seq. of this title] which are amended by this Act, shall be construed as authorizing coal mining on any area of the National Park System, the National Wildlife Refuge System, the National Wilderness Preservation System, the National System of Trails, and the Wild and Scenic Rivers System, including study rivers designated under section 5(a) of the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act [section 1276(a) of Title 16, Conservation]."
Admission of Alaska as State
Admission of Alaska into the Union was accomplished Jan. 3, 1959, on issuance of Proc. No. 3269, Jan. 3, 1959, 24 F.R. 81, 73 Stat. c16, as required by sections 1 and 8(c) of Pub. L. 85–508, July 7, 1958, 72 Stat. 339, set out as notes preceding section 21 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions.
1 So in original. Probably should be "geophysical,".


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Kajabi Quiz Feature – How to Add Multiple-Choice and Multiple-Answer Questions to Your Courses
Kajabi has a built-in quiz function that allows you to add questions to your courses as well as multiple-choice or multiple-answer questions. You can also add a comment and discussion forum in Kajabi to interact with students and other instructors. This is a great way for students to interact with you and allow them to ask questions.
Adding individual questions
You've found the right place if you're looking to add individual questions into your Kajabi quizzes. Kajabi is a content management system that can be used to create and customize a wide variety of learning experiences. The system can be used to create new sites or modify existing ones with additional functionality.
To create a Kajabi Quiz, you will first need to create an Assessment. Once you've done so, add it to a course or website. From there, you'll need to configure its settings, including whether or not it should automatically grade results. You'll also need to decide whether you want to hide user results. Once you have set up your Kajabi quiz, you can add questions. Kajabi offers several question types, including multiple choice and multiple selection.
You can also add quizzes to your Course Modules or Landing Pages. Your students will be able to test their knowledge by adding individual questions to a Kajabi quiz. This will allow them to determine how successful they are. These quizzes can also help to measure student success, which is vital for increasing student engagement.
Adding multiple-choice questions
There are two options for adding multiple-choice questions and Kajabi to a course. The first is to use an evaluation tool. Kajabi comes with an assessment tool, but many users find it a bit basic. Among other things, you can't customize it to have a white background. There are some workarounds to make the assessment look nicer.
Kajabi includes an assessment tool that can be used to gauge the knowledge level of your audience before they purchase your course. To assess how well your students are conversant with a topic before they buy, you can add an assessment to your landing pages or site pages.
Kajabi's quiz software allows you to automatically grade quizzes. These can be text-based or include images. You can also add a passing score to your quiz. Kajabi also allows you to survey students and view their responses.
Another great feature is that you can add multiple-choice questions to Kajabi Assessments. These assessments are great for motivating students. These assessments include multiple-choice questions and identification tests. You can even upload documents for your students. Moreover, they allow you to indicate the correct answer for each question, and once they complete the quiz, they will be notified of their grade.
Adding multiple-answer questions
Kajabi's quiz and assessment modules allow you to add multiple-answer questions into your course. These assessments are instantly graded, so you can see if your students are learning. You can also see the performance of each student.
Multiple-answer questions are similar to multiple-choice questions, but they include multiple options for each answer. Partial credit with penalty is the first option. It awards partial credit if the answer is correct but deducts points for incorrect answers. If all answers are correct, the second option, exact match gives full credit.
Adding an assessment can be a great marketing tool. You can use it on your website, or on your landing page to gauge the knowledge of a visitor before they purchase your course. Kajabi can also be set up to notify you when the assessment is complete.
Kajabi also allows you to embed feedback forms. Kajabi allows you to add images and multi-answer question types to your quiz. Kajabi also allows you to add a file upload question type to your quiz. You can also use Kajabi's assessment and quiz features to create multiple-answer question types.


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Harry Potter beware! A team of Chinese scientists has developed a way to unmask your invisibility cloak. According to a new paper in the latest issue of Optics Express, the Optical Society's (OSA) open-access journal, certain materials underneath an invisibility cloak would allow invisible objects be seen again.
"Cloaking is an important problem since invisibility can help survival in hostile environment," says Huanyang Chen of Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China. He and his colleagues have proposed a theoretical "anti-cloak" that would partially cancel the effect of the invisibility cloak, which is another important problem as it turns out.
If this sounds like more movie magic, it's no accident. From the 1933 classic The Invisible Man to the more recent installment in the Harry Potter series, devices that achieve invisibility have long been the stuff of film fantasy. In recent years, however, scientists using special types of "meta" materials have shown that these Hollywood fantasies could one day become reality after all.
These materials are effectively invisible because of the way they interact with light. All materials scatter, bounce, absorb, reflect and otherwise alter light rays that strike them. We perceive color, for instance, because different materials and coatings interact with light differently. Transformation media cloaks are special materials that can bend light so much that it actually passes around the object completely. In 2006, scientists at Duke University demonstrated in the laboratory that an object made of metamaterial is partially invisible when viewed using microwaves.
Sounds cool? Not so fast. Invisibility as it has been achieved so far in the laboratory is very limited. It works, but only for a narrow band of light wavelengths. Nobody has found a way yet to make an object invisible to the broad range of wavelengths our eyes are attuned to seeing, says Chen, and doing so would be a challenge.
An even greater problem for anyone who has aspirations to be concealed in public one day is that invisibility achieved through transformation media is a two-way street. With no light penetrating a perfect invisibility cloak, there would be no way for an invisible person to see outside. In other words, invisible people would also be blind—not exactly what Harry Potter had in mind.
But now, Chen and his colleagues have developed way to partially cancel the invisibility cloak's cloaking effect. Their "anti-cloak" would be a material with optical properties perfectly matched to those of an invisibility cloak. (In technical jargon, an anti-cloak would be anisotropic negative refractive index material that is impedance matched to the positive refractive index of the invisibility cloak).
While an invisibility cloak would bend light around an object, any region that came into contact with the anti-cloak would guide some light back so that it became visible. This would allow an invisible observer to see the outside by pressing a layer of anti-cloak material in contact with an invisibility cloak.
"With the anti-cloak, Potter can see outside if he wants to," says Chen, who conducted the research together with his colleagues at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.


text: I occasionally will read a big novel, such as a "classic", because I think that it is a mark of a reasonably intelligent person to be on nodding terms with some of the high points of our literature, although I often wimp out and pick up an old R. A. Heinlein or the latest John Varley science fiction novel instead. But I certainly do accept that there is nothing more tedious than plodding through acres of text as if it were somehow proof of moral virtue or literary stamina. Tolstoy's War and Peace is a bit like climbing the North face of the Eiger – more of an effort than I think it worthwhile making right now. And James Delingpole thinks the same. His article on the late John Updike is caustic, if not disrespectful.


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I continually hear and read people warning against the perils of placing proprietary information or confidential documents within the web server root directory. If I am on a shared server, I cannot place files "above" the root in the document tree. Is there a work around for this that is not too hackish?
More specifically, I would like to put configuration information into an ini file. What can I do that so people cannot download it (let alone modify it)? Where should I put it to minimize the risk of misconfiguration or bug exploitation?


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Yes, each pet is required to be registered annually. Registration can be completed at Benbrook City Hall, 911 Winscott Road, Benbrook.
Show All Answers
The Benbrook Police Department dispatches for Animal Control at 817-249-1610. Police Dispatch is answered 24 hours a day/7 days a week.
Please call 817-249-1610 to request a stray animal pickup.
Please call 817-249-1610 to report barking dogs.
Yes, animals (other than cats) are not allowed to run at-large. Call 817-249-1610 to report loose animals.
Residents can relinquish ownership of their animals to the city for a fee of $20 per animal. Please call 817-249-1610 to make arrangements.
Animal Control can loan a live trap to Benbrook residents who experience nuisance animals on their property.


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Lockwood, Todd
Entry updated 9 October 2023. Tagged: Artist.
(1957- ) US illustrator known primarily for his Fantasy work and for his long association with TSR/Dungeons & Dragons and then Wizards of the Coast. He received his formal art education at Colorado Institute of Art (now the Colorado Art Institute), and initially worked for a design agency before turning to full-time Illustration for clients in the advertising industry.
It was his interest in Role Playing Games that eventually drew him to try his hand at sf and fantasy art; he lists among his influences many of the TSR artists, including Jeff Easley, Brom, Larry Elmore and Keith Parkinson, other influences including Frank Frazetta, Michael Whelan, Jeff Jones and Donato Giancola ... and Walt Disney. His first professional commission in the genre was the cover for the October 1993 issue of Asimov's, illustrating the story "Down the River" by R Gárcia y Robertson. He has illustrated numerous magazine and book covers since, also often contributing interior art.
In the mid-1990s he was introduced to the art director at the Role Playing Game company TSR, who was soon commissioning him regularly; in 1996 he joined the company full-time, remaining with it when it was taken over by Wizards of the Coast the following year. Among the most significant works done for Wizards of the Coast were painting the covers for the many novels in R A Salvatore's various Drizzt Do'Urden series, and heading the design team that revamped the look of Dungeons & Dragons for the Third Edition release (2002). When Wizards of the Coast was in its turn taken over, by Hasbro in 2002, Lockwood returned to being a full-time freelance illustrator.
His favoured media are pencil/graphite, oils and digital paint (especially Corel Painter). His work has appeared in almost all of the editions of Spectrum since #3; he received the Silver Medal in Spectrum 14 (graph 2007). He has received sixteen Chesley Awards, including the lifetime Artistic Achievement Award in 2004, plus a shared Chesley in 2001 in the Contribution to ASFA category. A collection of his work is Transitions: The Art of Todd Lockwood (graph 2003). [JGr]
Todd Wills Lockwood
born Boulder, Colorado: 9 July 1957
- Transitions: The Art of Todd Lockwood (London: Paper Tiger, 2003) with text by Lockwood and Karen Haber [graph: hb/Todd Lockwood]
- Found Worlds: Todd Lockwood (self-published: 2022) [hb/Todd Lockwood]
previous versions of this entry


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Two of the iPhone's default apps, Weather and Stocks, create little widgets in the Notification Center. They aren't exactly notifications, can display graphics (weather) or animations (stock ticker), and don't disappear after being tapped.
I have not seen any other apps that do this. Do any other apps use widgets like this? Or is this exclusive to Apple's apps?


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At the end of the XIXth Century, mankind was about to fulfill an old dream. The idea of a fast and autonomous means of displacement was slowly becoming a reality for engineers all over the world. Thanks to its ideal location on the Great Lakes Basin, the city of Detroit was about to generate its own industrial revolution. Visionary engineers and entrepreneurs flocked to its borders.
In 1913, up-and-coming car manufacturer Henry Ford perfected the first large-scale assembly line. Within few years, Detroit was about to become the world capital of automobile and the cradle of modern mass-production. For the first time of history, affluence was within the reach of the mass of people. Monumental skyscapers and fancy neighborhoods put the city's wealth on display. Detroit became the dazzling beacon of the American Dream. Thousands of migrants came to find a job. By the 50's, its population rose to almost 2 million people. Detroit became the 4th largest city in the United States.
The automobile moved people faster and farther. Roads, freeways and parking lots forever reshaped the landscape. At the beginning of the 50's, plants were relocated in Detroit's periphery. The white middle-class began to leave the inner city and settled in new mass-produced suburban towns. Highways frayed the urban fabric. Deindustrialization and segregation increased. In 1967, social tensions exploded into one of the most violent urban riots in American history. The population exodus accelerated and whole neighbourhoods began to vanish. Outdated downtown buildings emptied. Within fifty years Detroit lost more than half of its population.
Detroit, industrial capital of the XXth Century, played a fundamental role shaping the modern world. The logic that created the city also destroyed it. Nowadays, unlike anywhere else, the city's ruins are not isolated details in the urban environment. They have become a natural component of the landscape. Detroit presents all archetypal buildings of an American city in a state of mummification. Its splendid decaying monuments are, no less than the Pyramids of Egypt, the Coliseum of Rome, or the Acropolis in Athens, remnants of the passing of a great Empire.


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'Hustle,' 'Gravity' Lead Oscars With 10 Nods Each
Editor's note: We have removed the livestream of the nomination announcement from this post.
The Academy Awards appear to be the three-horse race many expected they would be, with "Gravity," "American Hustle" and "12 Years a Slave" all receiving a heap of nominations in an Oscar field that blends otherworldly endurance with glamorous escapism.
The nominations for the 86th Academy Awards, announced Thursday morning in Beverly Hills, Calif., were led by the 3-D space odyssey "Gravity" and the con-artist caper "American Hustle," both with 10 nominations. The harrowing historical epic "12 Years a Slave" trailed closely with nine nominations.
All were among the nine films nominated for best picture. The other nominees are "Captain Phillips," "Dallas Buyers Club," "Her," "Nebraska," "The Wolf of Wall Street" and "Philomena."
The most notable omission by the academy was Tom Hanks, whose lead performance in "Captain Phillips" was widely considered a shoo-in. It was a particularly surprising snub since Hanks is widely beloved by the academy, having been nominated five times previously, winning for "Forest Gump" and "Philadelphia."
Robert Redford, expected by many to be nominated for the shipwreck drama "All Is Lost," also missed out on a best actor nod. Redford has never won an acting Oscar.
The best actor nominees are Chiwetel Ejiofor ("12 Years a Slave"), Bruce Dern ("Nebraska"), Leonardo DiCaprio ("The Wolf of Wall Street"), Matthew McConaughey ("Dallas Buyers Club") and Christian Bale ("American Hustle").
The 77-year-old Dern is an Oscar nominee for the second time, 35 years after his nomination for Hal Ashby's "Coming Home." Few have taken more pleasure in awards season than Dern, revitalized by a film he's happily viewed, he estimates, "approaching the upper 30s."
"I can't see it enough to realize how lucky we all were with the collaboration that went on on this particular movie," said Dern. "I feel somehow that the industry has suddenly today put their arms around our little movie."
"Nebraska" earned six nominations, including best director for Alexander Payne and June Squibb for best supporting actress.
Disney's making-of "Mary Poppins" tale "Saving Mr. Banks" surprisingly failed to land either a best picture nomination or a best actress nod for Emma Thompson.
The best actress nominees are Amy Adams ("American Hustle"), Cate Blanchett ("Blue Jasmine"), Sandra Bullock ("Gravity"), Judi Dench ("Philomena") and Meryl Streep ("August: Osage County").
With her nomination, Streep pads her record for most acting nominations. This is her 18th nod, including three wins, the last for 2011's "The Iron Lady."
But many enjoyed their first Oscar nomination Thursday, including Ejiofor, McConaughey, Michael Fassbender ("12 Years a Slave"), McQueen, Barkhad Abdi (a limo driver before being cast in "Captain Phillips"), Lupita Nyong'o ("12 Years") and Jared Leto, who had devoted himself to music before returning to play a transsexual in the Texas HIV drama "Dallas Buyers Club."
"Yesterday I was doing jury duty, today I woke up with an Academy Award nomination," said Leto. "Only in America."
David O. Russell's Abscam melodrama "American Hustle" has ridden a wave of enthusiasm for its manic performances, all draped in thick 1970s style. It's a repeat success for director David O. Russell (who received his third directing nomination) just a year after his "Silver Linings Playbook" was feted, like "Hustle," with nominations in all four acting categories. A year after winning, Jennifer Lawrence was again nominated for "Hustle," as was Bradley Cooper, both swapping lead nods for supporting nominations.
"We have a very big family that's been working together on some films going back three films," said Russell, referring also to his "The Fighter." "It makes me feel very fortunate to have the trust of these actors and to build this bridge of trust that they would take these risks together with me."
Martin Scorsese's "The Wolf of Wall Street" came into Thursday as one of the biggest question marks of an awards season that has often left many guessing. The nearly three-hour Wall Street extravaganza of money, sex and drugs became a lightning rod of debate, with many questioning whether it glamorized the infamous trader Jordan Belfort.
But "The Wolf of Wall Street" landed five big nominations, including best director (Scorsese, his eighth for directing), best supporting actor (Jonah Hill) and best adapted screenplay (Terence Winter). DiCaprio said he felt vindicated for what he said is clearly a cautionary tale of greed and hedonism.
"To be recognized like this and to see that there were enough people out there who said, `Look, we get what this film' - not what it's trying to say, but what it's trying to reflect," said DiCaprio. "Nobody wants to be misunderstood."
Also doing well was Spike Jonze's futuristic romance "Her" (five nominations, including best original screenplay for Jonze). Jonze actually earned three nominations Thursday, including best song, for co-writing "The Moon Song" with Karen O.
One of the day's biggest winners was the 27-year-old producer Megan Ellison, the daughter of billionaire Larry Ellison. Her Annapurna Pictures produced two of the best-picture nominees ("American Hustle" and "Her") as well as the Wong Kar-Wai martial arts drama "The Grandmaster." She celebrated by tweeting "17!" - the total nominations her films received.
Though much of awards season had played out between favorites "12 Years a Slave" and "American Hustle" (both best picture winners at the Golden Globes on Sunday), the global box-office hit "Gravity" emerged Thursday thanks partly to its strength in technical categories. It was nominated for all seven technical awards, including cinematography, production design, editing and visual effects.
Alfonso Cuaron's innovative depiction of being lost in space has been hailed for reinvigorating the spectacle of the big-screen experience. Having taken in more than $670 million worldwide, it's easily the most popular of the best-picture nominees.
Though historically the most-nominated films have taken home best picture, that's not been the case in recent years. In six of the last 10 years, the most-nominated film hasn't triumphed in the end, including last year when Steven Spielberg's "Lincoln," with 12 nominations, was beaten by Ben Affleck's "Argo."
The Coen brothers' folk tale "Inside Llewyn Davis," one of the most critically acclaimed films of the year, garnered only nominations for cinematography and sound mixing. And while 2013 was trumpeted as one of the best years for African-American cinema, movies like "Lee Daniels' The Butler" and "Fruitvale Station" weren't nominated (including Oprah Winfrey's performance in "The Butler").
Along with Nyong'o, Squibb and Lawrence, the best supporting actress nominees were Julia Roberts ("August: Osage County") and Sally Hawkins ("Blue Jasmine").
Despite a lot of support, James Gandolfini wasn't posthumously nominated for one of his final performances in "Enough Said."
Woody Allen scored his record 16th screenwriting nomination for "Blue Jasmine." Also up for original screenplay are "American Hustle," "Dallas Buyers Club," "Her" and "Nebraska." In the adapted screenplay category are "Before Midnight," "Captain Phillips," "Philomena," "12 Years a Slave" and "The Wolf of Wall Street."
Terence Winter, who penned the script to "Wolf," was able to uniquely share the nomination experience with his wife, Rachel Winter, a producer of "Dallas Buyers Club." Winter said it was "surreal."
Pixar, usually a mainstay in the best animation category, was left out this year. Its "Monsters University" ceded the category to "Frozen," "The Wind Rises," "Despicable Me 2," "The Croods" and "Ernest & Celestine."
Surprisingly overlooked in the documentary category was Sarah Polley's acclaimed family history "Stories We Tell." Nominated were "The Act of Killing," "The Square," "Cutie and the Boxer," "Dirty Wars" and "20 Feet From Stardom."
Nominated for best foreign-langue film were films from Italy ("The Great Beauty"), Denmark ("The Hunt"), Belgium ("The Broken Circle"), Cambodia ("The Missing Picture") and Palestine ("Omar").
This year's Oscar telecast on March 2, with Ellen DeGeneres hosting for the second time, has particular pressure on it to live up to the increasingly popular Golden Globes. With hosts Tina Fey and Amy Poehler, ratings for the Globes have increased the last two years and drawn good reviews. The Academy Awards have meanwhile struggled to freshen up its more prestigious brand.
But comebacks are always possible. The most notorious flop of 2013, "The Lone Ranger," managed to land two nominations, for visual effects and makeup and hairstyle.
Associated Press writers Anthony McCartney, Derrik J. Lang and Jessica Herndon in Los Angeles contributed to this report.


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Hempstead, NY – HEADstrong Foundation™, in partnership with the Hofstra University Women's Lacrosse Team, is proud to announce fall plans for the 5th Annual Women's Nicholas Colleluori Fall Classic on Saturday, September 28, 2013 at Hofstra University.
Ten collegiate Women's Lacrosse programs will face-off against cancer this year at Hofstra's Shuart Stadium. This year's line-up includes the following teams:
Adelphi University, Catholic University, CW Post, Hofstra University, Iona College, Long Island University, Manhattan College, NYAC, Stony Brook University
and Villanova University.
All the teams will wear Laces for Lymphoma™ to show their support for the cause. Each team will play 4 games and the schedule will be released leading up to the event. Additionally, each team will be engaged in service, selling awareness t-shirts on their campuses to help contribute to the fundraising total.
A member from each team will be selected to be the recipient of the Nicholas Colleluori Award, which is presented annually to a player from each participating team whose contributions both on and off the field are transforming the landscape of their represented program.
In addition, to a great day of lacrosse, HEADstrong Foundation™ will be on-site sharing their mission and selling awareness merchandise. There will be plenty of activities to keep all the fans and spectators entertained all day. All proceeds will directly support the HEADstrong Foundation™.
The event was the first of its kind on the women's side to help raise funds and awareness for the HEADstrong Foundation™. Proceeds from the event will directly support the quality of life service offering provided by the organization to patients and families nationwide. In its 5 year history the event has helped raise over $200,000 for the cause.
Through the expansion of their efforts into women's lacrosse, the HEADstrong Foundation™ seeks to empower players and teams across the country to join in its fight against cancer.
Inspired by the journey of HEADstrong founder Nicholas "HEAD" Colleluori, the Hofstra Women's Lacrosse Team created this special event as a way to memorialize their fallen classmate and support his vision.
"The Fall is such a special time for our organization and our sport. So many incredible things are taking place and this year we are presenting (4) major charitable lacrosse events to support our cause. September is recognized as National Blood Cancer Awareness Month and our teams have embraced it. We are sincerely grateful to Hofstra University Athletics especially the Women's Lacrosse Program for continuing traditions, remembering our Nick and being inspired to make a difference. At HEADstrong, we are families helping families through their darkest days. Through lacrosse we have the ability to improve their quality of life. We look forward to seeing everyone on event day."
– Cheryl Colleluori, HEADstrong President and Nick's Mom
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Roofing Sterling Heights
Home repairs and improvements, especially if they are a big one, can require a lot of time thinking and researching before you make your final decision on a reputable and experienced roofing contractor. Your roofing is probably one of the home features th
Roofing Sterling Heights is a leading roofing company in the region that provides exceptional services and offers a wide variety of style options. We transform roofing so that it becomes weather-resistant, durable, and aesthetically pleasing. We know that roofing is more than protection for your family. It is also a long-term investment to improve curb appeal. Our team is deeply committed to providing you with accurate and high-quality workmanship that lasts a lifetime.


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Professor of Law
Director, MSBA-UB Business Law Clerkship Program
John and Frances Angelos Law Center, Room 1117
Administrative Assistant: Tiffany Ralph
John and Frances Angelos Law Center, Room 1112
J.D., cum laude, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1985
Ph.D., economics, Cornell University, 1980
B.A., mathematics, cum laude, Hunter College
Areas of Expertise
Business Associations (including Corporations and Limited Liability Companies.)
Law & Economics Analysis
Securities Regulations
Statistical Analysis
Dr. White's career began as an economics professor at the State University of New York at Buffalo where she eventually chose to simultaneously earn her J.D. degree. After joining the University of Houston law faculty she returned east to join the University of Baltimore law faculty in August 1993.
Dr. White has published in both the disciplines of law and of economics, in diverse subjects such as economic decision-making under uncertainty, antitrust, and law and economics jurisprudence. She has also published articles combining law and economics with ethical paradigms (e.g., feminism) to tackle business law issues. She also joined an interdisciplinary team of scholars from both the U.S. (the Mayo clinic) and abroad (Belgium), writing on theoretical and data analyses of comparative issues regarding child sexual abuse.
A Fulbright Scholar for European Union Affairs in 2003, Dr. White focused on the EU's efforts to harmonize member nations' hostile takeover laws. Earlier, in the spring of 2002, Dr. White was the European-American Consortium on Legal Exchange (EACLE) Professor at Ghent University in Belgium. She was a visiting lecturer at China's Shangdong University in 2004.
Active in the Association of American Law Schools (AALS), Dr. White served as chair of the Antitrust Section Executive Committee, chair of the ABA-AALS Antitrust Liaison Committee and on the Law and Economics Section Executive Committee. She was the program chair or organizer for several AALS Antitrust Section panel presentations among which the proceedings of 'Guilds at Millennium' were published in Loyola Consumer Law Journal (2002) and 'Evolving Antitrust Treatment of Dominant Firms' in the Berkeley Technology Law Journal (2005). Her numerous presentations include the AALS, the American Bar Association (ABA), Law and Society, the American Economics Association, the International Society for Law and Mental Health, and lectures at various law schools, economics departments and legal institutions, both domestically and internationally, in the U.S., Europe and China. She served as associate editor of the ABA's Antitrust Law Journal and is on a number of ABA Business Law Section committees.
A member of the Maryland Bar, Dr. White is the university liaison for the Business Law Section of the Maryland State Bar Association (MSBA). She serves on the Business Litigation Committee, which co-wrote with the Maryland House Speaker, the legislative proposal that established the new Maryland Business and Technology Court. The committee's work was awarded the 2001 MSBA President's Best Section Project Award.
Dr. White co-developed with the MSBA Business Law Executive Council the MSBA-UB Business Law Clerkship program, of which she is now the director, which gives selected law students the opportunity to work with prominent business lawyers on developing policy and proposing legislation. The Clerkship Program, approved by the MSBA in 2007, is the first of its kind to be offered by the MSBA.
Dr White is a senior fellow at the Center for International and Comparative Law. She is active in the Center for Applied Feminism and its annual conferences, and a faculty fellow at the Center for Children, Family and the Courts. In 2008, she was the on-site director and taught in the University of Baltimore's Haifa University Summer Institute Program in Israel.
Dr. White was the faculty advisor for the Baltimore Law Forum from Fall 2003 through Spring 2011, when she oversaw the Law Forum's transformation from a magazine format to a full-fledged law journal, now listed in all the major databases. The Law Forum's articles have been cited by the Supreme Court as well as major law reviews and they have garnered the attention of national news programs such as "60 Minutes and "Dateline."
Dr. White presented a paper, "Affirmative Action for the Age of Obama: New Insights from a 10-Year Study" at Yale Law School's Conference on Empirical Legal Studies in November 2010. The work concerns her comprehensive empirical study evaluating the successes of a particular law school affirmative action program.
Dr. White was the recipient of the 2011 Saul Ewing Award for Excellence in Teaching in the Area of Transactional Law.
Selected Publications
Articles and Essays
Traversing 2nd and 3rd Waves: Feminist Legal Theory Moving Forward in the University of Baltimore Law Forum, 39 U. Balt. L.F. i (Fall 2008)
Economic Efficiency and the Parameters of Fairness: A Marriage of Marketplace Morals and the Ethic of Care, Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy 15 Cornell J.L. & Pub. Po'y 1 (Fall, 2005)
Choosing among Antitrust Liability Standards under Incomplete Information: Assessments of and Aversions to the Risk of Being Wrong, 20 Berkeley Tech. L.J. 1173 (Spring, 2005)
Conflicts in the Regulation of Hostile Business Takeovers in the United State and the European Union, 9 Ius Gentium 161 (Fall, 2003)
Who Determines the Optimal Trade-Off Between Quality and Price?, in Symposium, The Guilds at the Millennium: Antitrust and the Professions, 14 Loy. Consumer L. Rev. 497 (2002)
Business Lawyer, Woman Warrior: An Allegory of Feminine and Masculine Theories, Liber Amicorum Yvette Merchiers (Universiteit Gent/La Chatre, October 2001)
Feminist Foundations for the Law of Business: One Law and Economic Scholar's Survey and Re(View), 10 UCLA Women's Law Journal 39-102 (1999). Reprinted in Betty Taylor et al, Feminist Jurisprudence, Women and the Law: Critical Essays, Research Agenda and Bibliography, Winter, 1999).
Countervailing Power: Different Rules for Different Markets? Conduct and Context in Antitrust Law and Economics, 41 Duke L. J. 1045-1094 (February 1992)
Black and White Thinking in the Gray Areas of Antitrust: The Dismantling of Vertical Restraint Violations, 60 George Wash. L. Rev. 1-66 (November 1991)
Risk–Utility and the Learned Hand Formula: A Hand That Helps or A Hand That Hides?, 32 Ariz. L. Rev. 77-136 (March 1990)
Coase and the Courts: Economics for the Common Man, 72 Iowa L. Rev. 577 (March 1987)


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The editor of our alert and entertaining contemporary, the Cincinnati Catholic Telegraph, recently found himself confronting what the Biler would call a "0 situation." A Catholic institution had favored him with "three fourteen-inch pages of mimeograph matter," and he did not know what to do with it. To make his situation all the more perplexing, he explained, "this was merely Exhibit No. 1 in an assortment from a dozen institutions, running all the way from 200 to 2,000 words," and the sole topic treated in every exhibit was the glory of the college football team. The editor was not convinced that the publication of these bulletins from the front was "necessary to the cause of Catholic education." However, if competent investigators can convince him of error, then they will be blazoned on the pages of the Telegraph, "even if we have to omit all the advertising columns."
With the wisdom garnered from a century of experience, the Telegraph will solve its problem triumphantly. From us it needs neither sympathy nor advice; but withholding advice, we cannot refrain from expressing sympathy. We feel with the editor that something is wrong, or, rather, that something is wrong about the stress laid, respectively, on the pigskin and the parchment. It is all very well for our collegians to learn whatever is to be learned about the pigskin, from the moment it is kicked off to the moment it is carried over the goal line of the opponent. But devotion to the pigskin should not outshine devotion to the parchment which the college confers upon its hard-tested scholars after four years of learned toil.
Perhaps all this noisy football publicity does not mean much. Perhaps the student who yells and shouts from the stand, while his more muscular brethren on the field try to dismember the opposing team, does not represent the soul of dear old Siwash. He is merely its discord, its utterly useless by-product. But accepting that theory, why do our colleges, without let or hindrance from the faculty, give all their publicity to the by-product of the institution?
With the beginning of September, the sporting editors of our newspapers turn to the college. But the spire of the chapel, the ivied walls of the library, interest them not. Their bright young reporters hike them to the football training camp in the pines, or along the shores of the sounding sea. Hogboom, who can kick the ball "wan mile and wan inch," as Dooley says, and the gigantic Lavinski, who in a struggle under the goal posts picked up the man with the ball and flung him bodily over the line, now stand before the gaze of the public as the spirit of dear old Siwash. We read details touching upon personnel and costs—the coaches, attendants of various kinds, the railway fares, the training table laden with the substantial foods that make for physical well-being.
Is that dear old Siwash? Can we not have at least a line of publicity about the young fellows who came back two weeks earlier for private study? About the debating team which has a hard schedule this season—so hard, indeed, that the young men have returned three weeks earlier for research? About the new courses which Siwash proposes to offer this year, and the brilliant professors who will conduct them? About the laboratories which the college has just finished, and the superb collection of incunabula added to the library by a generous alumnus who hardly knows the difference between a fullback and a fumble?
Pigskin or parchment? What is a college for?


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Atlanta-based bakery-cafe chain Cinnabon, which debuted in downtown Tripoli in early July, becomes the first-ever U.S. franchise in Libya.
NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- Cinnabon has opened a bakery-cafe in downtown Tripoli, making it the first U.S. franchise to enter Libya.
Cinnabon, based in Atlanta, is also looking to enter Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco, said Mike Shattuck, president of Focus Brands International, parent company of Cinnabon and other brands.
The new 7,500-square-foot Cinnabon store in Libya is located on a busy street in Tripoli's business district; it opened on July 2. It also sells Carvel Ice Cream, another brand owned by Focus.
The company, which has more than 900 locations in 51 countries, plans to open at least 10 Cinnabon locations in Libya in the next four years.
"Ultimately, we think there's an even larger opportunity in the country for us," Shattuck said.
The company started seriously considering expanding into Libya two years ago when U.S. sanctions on the country were easing. Shattuck said the firm received numerous franchise inquiries from Libyans living overseas.
"They were already familiar with the brand and wanted to bring it to Libya," he said.
"We were in every major market in the Middle East. Expanding into Libya made sense as part of our emerging market strategy," he said.
Today, Libya is recovering from a civil war that led to the overthrow and death of long-time dictator Moammar Gadhafi last fall.
The Cinnabon push into Libya had been planned for early 2011. The company had selected local franchise partners, selected a location and the first shipment of products was on its way when the country erupted in civil war.
"We quickly halted everything because the revolution happened," said Shattuck. "Fortunately we were able to secure the location and it made it without serious damage."
In the first week of its opening, the Tripoli Cinnabon store logged $45,000 in sales, according to the company.
American business interest in Libya is growing, said Chuck Dittrich, executive director of the U.S.-Libya Business Association, a trade group representing American companies that are interested in doing business in Libya.
In April, the trade group led a delegation of 20 American companies to Libya to discuss business opportunities.
Much of the interest is coming from the energy, infrastructure and health care industries, Dittrich said. But American franchises are also taking note of Libya.
"In the new Libya, people are seeing franchising as an opportunity to become entrepreneurs," said Dittrich.
"This is one of the questions I get asked most," he said. "When are American franchises coming to Libya?"


text: Gamestheshop has the best deals and discounts for you to buy games online. Get access to the latest collection of gaming consoles and accessories. You can now buy games online at the lowest rates. Your one stop destination gaming that lets you pre order games online. Lets get gaming !


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You may purchase a $30 Appliance/TV sticker at the Department of Public Works (DPW). Our hauler will provide a curbside pickup once a month (the first Thursday of each month); these stickers are available only at the DPW.
Please contact the call center for Veolia at (800) 499-9070.
Please call JRM Hauling & Recycling at (800) 323-HAUL(4285), or the Department of Public Works (DPW) at (978) 325-5600.
Temporary discoloration of water may occur as iron particles are cleaned from the pipes. Although this discolored water is not harmful to your health, you should avoid use of chlorine bleach when washing clothes to avoid staining of laundry. Running the cold water tap for a few minutes is usually sufficient to restore the flow of clean water to your home. If water quality problems persist, residents should call the Utility Division at (978) 325-5600.
Disposing of General Purpose and Alkaline Batteries: Alkaline batteries can be safely disposed of with normal household waste. Due to concerns about mercury in the municipal solid waste stream, manufacturers have voluntarily eliminated all of the added mercury from alkaline batteries since 1993. Alkaline batteries are composed primarily of common metals such as steel, zinc, and manganese and as such, do not pose a health or environmental risk during normal use or disposal. It is important not to dispose of large amounts of alkaline batteries in a group. Used batteries are often not completely "dead." Grouping used batteries together can bring these "live" batteries into contact with one another, creating safety risks. Proven cost-effective and environmentally safe recycling processes are not yet universally available for alkaline batteries.
Recycling Batteries with Other Chemistries: Due to the chemicals in them, you should recycle rechargeable, lithium, lithium ion, and zinc air batteries. In addition to "traditional" rechargeable batteries like AAs or AAAs, rechargeable batteries like the ones found in everyday household items such as cameras, cell phones, laptops, and power tools should also be recycled. Look for the battery recycling seals on rechargeable batteries. These types of batteries can be brought to the Department of Public Works (DPW) or Home Depot for disposal.
You may call the DPW at (978) 325-5600 to report this, or visit the Online Citizen Request system.
No. You will still need free chlorine residual to prevent algae and bacteria growth.
All other pets, including dogs and cats, can safely consume chloraminated water.
* Never pour fats, oil and grease down the sink, garbage disposal, or toilet. * Pour fats, oil and grease (after it has cooled) into a container. Once the container is full, place it in the trash. * Before washing, scrape and dry wipe pots, pans, and dishes with paper towels. * Put baskets or strainers in sink drains to catch food scraps and other food solids and empty contents into the trash.* Minimize the use of garbage disposals.
The Department of Public Works (DPW) does not have rain barrels or composting bins available for sale; some suggestions include: Lowes, Home Depot, Ace Hardware, and True Value.


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Register for Webinar Wednesday - Colonial Immigrants: Who They Were and Where They Came From by Mary Hill
August 26, 2013
Never miss a webinar by Mary Hill - this is going to be a good one!
Between 1607 and 1790, about 900,000 immigrants came to the colonies (in America). Learn about each of the nationalities that came before the Revolutionary War, where they came from, and sources available to identify them.
Join us for the live webinar this Wednesday, August 28, 2013 at 2pm Eastern U.S. Register today to reserve your virtual seat. Registration is free but space is limited to the first 1,000 people to join that day. Before joining, please visit www.java.com to ensure you have the latest version of Java which our webinar software requires. When you join, if you receive a message that the webinar is full, you know we've reached the 1,000 limit, so we invite you to view the recording which should be published to the webinar archives within an hour or two of the event's conclusion.
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No worries. Its recording will be available for free for the first 7 days after the live event. Webinar Subscribers have unlimited access for the duration of their membership.
About the presenter
Mary E.V. Hill, MLS, AG ® (Southern States and Eastern States); worked as reference librarian at BYU from 1989-1992, as genealogy instructor at BYU from 1992-1995, as Family History Library US/Canada Reference consultant from 1995-2006. She served on the UGA Board of Directors from 2006-2008 and as an LDS missionary at the Family History Library from 2006-2008. She is the author of Saga of a Southern Loyalist: William Riddle of Virginia and North Carolina, and Angel Children. She is a lecturer with emphasis on U.S. research methods and genealogical organization. Mary is a mother and grandmother.
Watch Mary's previous webinars here:
- Land Records Solve Research Problems
- The Big 4 U.S. Record Sources
- Use Your Digital Camera to Copy Records
- FamilyRoots Organizer System
Register for Mary's upcoming webinars here:
- Colonial Immigrants: Who They Were and Where They Came From
- Using Church Records to Identify Ancestors
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We look forward to seeing you all there!


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Video Presentation
New Leaf Sensor Alerts When Plants Are Thirsty
NASA and National Science Foundation sponsored and funded-
"Farmers have a very good eye. They can look at their crop if they've been farming for a long time and say, 'My crop needs water, I can tell,'" says Richard Stoner, founder of the biotech and agriculture company, AgriHouse.
So who might know more about what a plant needs than a farmer or a greenhouse owner? How about the plant itself? What if plants could tell us when they are thirsty?
With funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF), AgriHouse has developed a leaf sensor that is enabling plants to do just that.
The clear plastic sensor measures about an inch by a quarter of an inch; light enough to fit on almost any leaf.
Here's how it works: When a plant starts drying out, its leaves contract. That change can be measured in electrical voltage. The sensor transmits those voltage changes to a cell phone, or computer, so a farmer can use the data to turn irrigation equipment on or off.
So before even the keenest eye of a farmer or a florist might notice a plant starting to wilt, the sensor can transmit a message to "send water."
Measuring the water deficit stress in a plant did not begin as an idea for earthly plants. The technology was first developed by aerospace engineers and the doctoral research work of Hans-Dieter Seelig of the University of Colorado at Boulder's BioServe Space Technologies Center.
"The original inventors were looking at [the sensor] as a device to go to Mars, where the astronauts would have to spend over 70 percent to 80 percent of their waking hours farming," explains Stoner. "They'll need devices that would be in the greenhouses on Mars that would free up their time."
Stoner and his colleagues have developed other products to help plants grow in space. One, a nutrient called Organic Disease Control (ODC), was flown and tested on the Mir space station. The experiments were conducted with adzuki beans.
"Where the ODC was placed in the solution, the plants grew taller than those that were controls with just water," says Jim Linden, professor emeritus of the Chemical and Biological Engineering Department at Colorado State University (CSU). "The product is being tested on all kinds of commodity crops, corn, soybeans, tomatoes, peppers, around the world. Farmers are very interested in it to increase their yield."
"NASA couldn't fly into space things that are harmful to humans, or harmful to the environment. So what we were able to do is create this liquid product to replace pesticides. AgriHouse has since received EPA approval on this as an eco-friendly bio pesticide," says Stoner.
Stoner has also worked with Linden and Ken Knutson, CSU professor emeritus of horticulture and landscape architecture, on aeroponics projects.
"Aeroponics is the process of growing plants in a complete air environment, no soil, no water except when the water is applied through a hydro-atomized spray," explains Stoner.
That's likely the way future astronauts will be growing food on long-term Mars missions.
The leaf sensor works the same way on aeroponic crops as it does on traditionally grown crops in soil. And one of the long-term goals for the sensors is to enable them to not just alert a farmer that a plant is thirsty, but, once they are provided with the proper equipment, to turn on the water themselves.
Stoner showed off an aeroponic setup in the company's Berthoud, Colo., lab, which has geraniums, ivy and coleus plants, plus a few young pine trees. A sensor is hooked to a geranium leaf.
"We're taking the input from the leaf sensor, taking that voltage reading, converting it to a number that we can understand, and then when the algorithm senses a change in this number, it activates the entire aeroponic system to provide just the right amount of moisture to the root systems," says Stoner.
As if on cue, as soon as Stoner finishes explaining the setup, a sprayer turns on to wet the roots of this array of plants.
"You didn't see any changes; none of us can; but the plant is sensitive enough to pick up a change," continues Stoner.
At a U.S. Department of Agriculture research farm in Greeley, Colo., beans attached to leaf sensors used 25 percent less water with the sensors than the plants did when watered using standard irrigation practices. Stoner estimates that one sensor could be placed every 20 or 30 acres to provide enough information to irrigate an entire crop.
Another objective of the NSF-supported research is to create a wireless version of the sensor.
At the AgriHouse lab, electrical engineering student Matt Aldrich from the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs says he had never really thought about designing computer systems for plants until this project came along.
"I'm not really big into greenhouses. But this definitely seems like something that is viable. It seems to be something that is vital for our future, and it can definitely help us with our overuse of water," says Aldrich.
There are other devices on the market to help farmers decide when to irrigate; products that measure moisture in the soil and the temperature of leaves. But Stoner believes the precision of the AgriHouse leaf sensor can mean big savings in water and energy.
"It's another tool in the toolbox," adds Stoner. "We believe that this device can be a low cost approach for information that was never available before."


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What are Chris Riddell's qualifications to talk about technology? What are the awards that Chris Riddell has won? I cannot seem to find ...
Twitter introduces 'in-tweet' abuse button after complaints
UK police are investigating eight allegations of abuse made via Twitter
Twitter has revised its guidelines around abusive behavior following bomb and rape threats made against several prominent female users of the service in the U.K.
"We want people to feel safe on Twitter, and we want the Twitter Rules to send a clear message to anyone who thought that such behavior was, or could ever be, acceptable," wrote Del Harvey, Twitter senior director for trust and safety, and U.K. General Manager Tony Wang, in a blog post on Saturday.
The company is also modifying its interface to make reporting threats and abuse easier. Although users could report abusive behavior before, Twitter is streamlining that procedure by creating a button within tweets that allows people to file a direct report, the officials wrote.
Users have been referred to Twitter's Help Center. The button has been introduced in the latest version of Twitter's iOS application and on its mobile site. Next month, the button will appear on its Android application and on Twitter.com, they wrote.
The BBC reported on Sunday that police were investigating eight bomb and rape-related threats made over the social networking service.
On Saturday, Wang wrote "I personally apologize to the women who have experienced abuse on Twitter and for what they have gone through."
"The abuse they've received is simply not acceptable. It's not acceptable in the real world, and it's not acceptable on Twitter," he continued in another tweet.
Twitter also plans to add more staff to its teams that handle abuse reports and is "exploring new ways of using technology to improve everyone's experience on Twitter," Harvey and Wang wrote.
Send news tips and comments to email@example.com. Follow me on Twitter: @jeremy_kirk


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In less than 3 months the Russian city of Sochi will host the Winter Olympic Games.
To help promote the games, the Russian Olympic committee has installed a special ticket machine at the Vystavochaya subway station, west of Moscow. But unlike other machines, commuters can earn their ticket by doing 30 squats.
[via Sploid]


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Investigation ongoing, House subpoenas ex-White House lawyer
WASHINGTON (AP) — A House chairman subpoenaed former White House counsel Don McGahn as Democratic leaders moved to deepen their investigation of President Donald Trump while bottling up talk among their rank-and-file of impeaching him.
Judiciary Chairman Jerrold Nadler was one of six powerful committee leaders making their case on a conference call Monday with other House Democrats late in the day that they are effectively investigating Trump-related matters ranging from potential obstruction to his personal and business taxes.
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi urged divided Democrats to focus on fact-finding rather than the prospect of any impeachment proceedings after the damning details of special counsel Robert Mueller's report.
Nadler and the other chairmen made clear they believe Trump did obstruct justice, according to people on the call who weren't authorized to discuss it by name. McGahn would be a star witness for any such case because he refused Trump's demand to set Mueller's firing in motion, according to the report.
"The Special Counsel's report, even in redacted form, outlines substantial evidence that President Trump engaged in obstruction and other abuses," Nadler said in a statement released as the conference call got underway. "It now falls to Congress to determine for itself the full scope of the misconduct and to decide what steps to take in the exercise of our duties of oversight, legislation and constitutional accountability."
The subpoena angered Republicans even as it functioned as a reassurance to impatient Democrats.
Rep. Doug Collins of Georgia, the top Republican on the Judiciary panel, pointed out that McGahn sat for 30 hours of interviews with Mueller and said Nadler was asking for some items that he knows cannot be produced.
Trump himself insisted he wasn't worried.
"Not even a little bit," he said when asked Monday whether he was concerned about impeachment. However, his many tweets seeking to undermine the report's credibility indicate he is hardly shrugging it aside.
"Only high crimes and misdemeanors can lead to impeachment," he said Monday on Twitter. "There were no crimes by me (No Collusion, No Obstruction), so you can't impeach. It was the Democrats that committed the crimes, not your Republican President!"
On the other end of the scale, Pelosi's approach disappointed some Democrats who are agitating for impeachment proceedings. According to her spokesman, Rep. Val Demings of Florida said she believed the House has enough evidence to begin the process.
McGahn was a vital witness for Mueller, recounting the president's outrage over the investigation and his efforts to curtail it.
The former White House counsel described, for instance, being called at home by the president on the night of June 17, 2017, and directed to call the Justice Department and say that Mueller had conflicts of interest and should be removed. McGahn declined the command, "deciding that he would resign rather than trigger what he regarded as a potential Saturday Night Massacre," the Mueller report said.
Once that episode became public in the news media, the president demanded that McGahn dispute the reports and asked him why he had told Mueller about it and why he had taken notes of their conversations. McGahn refused to back down, the report said.
Nadler's announcement was one of several leadership moves aimed at calming a struggle among Democrats to speak with one voice about what to do in light of Mueller's startling account of Trump's repeated efforts to fire him, shut down his probe and get allies to lie.
After Mueller's report was released last week, the most prominent of the Democratic freshmen, Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York, signed on to Rep. Rashida Tlaib's resolution calling for an investigation into Trump's conduct and the question of whether it merits a formal impeachment charge in the House.
"Mueller's report is clear in pointing to Congress' responsibility in investigating obstruction of justice by the President," Ocasio-Cortez tweeted.
On Monday, Pelosi's letter made clear there was no Democratic disagreement that Trump "at a minimum, engaged in highly unethical and unscrupulous behavior which does not bring honor to the office he holds." But she acknowledged the party's officeholders have a range of views on how to proceed.
She counseled them repeatedly to go after facts, not resort to "passion or prejudice" in the intense run-up to the 2020 presidential and congressional elections. She is the de facto leader of her party until Democrats nominate a candidate to challenge Trump, so her words echoed on the presidential campaign trail.
"We all firmly agree that we should proceed down a path of finding the truth," Pelosi wrote. "It is also important to know that the facts regarding holding the president accountable can be gained outside of impeachment hearings."
As the conference call got underway, Nadler's subpoena announcement was made public, an indication that the facts-first approach was moving ahead. Pelosi, calling from New York City, spoke briefly. Then she put a show of leadership force on the line — six committee chairmen, some of the most powerful people in Congress — to give more details, according to people on the call.
Nadler went first. Others who followed were Oversight and Reform Chairman Elijah Cummings, intelligence committee Chairman Adam Schiff, Foreign Affairs Chairman Eliot Engel, Financial Services Chairwoman Maxine Water and Ways and Means Chairman Richard Neal. The call lasted about 90 minutes and included about 170 Democrats.
During a series of town hall events on CNN Monday night, several 2020 Democratic presidential candidates weighed in. Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren repeated her call for an impeachment vote, saying that if lawmakers believe the president's actions were appropriate, "they should have to take that vote and live with it."
Minnesota Sen. Amy Klobuchar said Trump should be held accountable, but she stopped short of calling for impeachment.
There's more coming to keep Trump's reported misdeeds in public. Congressional panels are demanding the unredacted version of the Mueller report and its underlying material gathered from the investigation. Attorney General William Barr is expected to testify in the House and Senate next week. Nadler has summoned Mueller to testify next month, though no date has been set.
In the face of the intense run-up to the 2020 election, Pelosi implicitly suggested Democrats resist creating episodes like the one in January in which Tlaib was recorded declaring the House would impeach Trump.
"We must show the American people we are proceeding free from passion or prejudice, strictly on the presentation of fact," Pelosi wrote.
Associated Press Writers Eric Tucker, Mary Clare Jalonick and Will Weissert contributed to this report.
Follow Kellman on Twitter at http://www.twitter.com/APLaurieKellman
The Western Journal has not reviewed this Associated Press story prior to publication. Therefore, it may contain editorial bias or may in some other way not meet our normal editorial standards. It is provided to our readers as a service from The Western Journal.
Truth and Accuracy
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text: All GMC Canyon PCM from Mintt are Pre-programmed to your vehicle's VIN and flashed to the latest update from the manufacturer to improve performance and all of the previously reported GMC Canyon ECM related issues. Our GMC Canyon Engine Control Module(pcm ecm ecu tcm ) also comes with a free lifetime warranty and free shipping. Some Select models will arrive plug and play and will not require any assistance from the dealership or your local repair shop. Auto Computers compatible with the OBD-II ports requires programming in order to successfully synchronize your GMC Canyon PCM ( Powertrain Control Module ) with all the other control units such as the body control module, Transmission control module and the ignition control module, such step are necessary to ensure that you get the most out of your vehicle and improve your fuel economy. Purchase your GMC Canyon PCM replacement with Mintt today and you will be back on the road in no time! We also offer GMC Canyon PCM repairs services for select models, get in touch with one of our agents and find out how we can help you save on your Engine Control Units!


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- Home
- Government
- Welcome from the Mayor
Welcome from the Mayor!
On behalf of the City Council of the City of Levelland, I would like to welcome you to Levelland. I'm so blessed to be able to call Levelland home! What a great place to live and less than a year ago I had the honor of being elected Mayor of this wonderful "little city." There are so many things here that enhance the quality of our life. Levelland is a progressive city that we feel has a very bright future.
Where to start? Our schools are amazing, beginning with the new ABC school which services our preschool & kindergarten students followed by our newly remodeled elementary schools - South & Capital. We are in the process of completing renovation on the Intermediate school which will house our 4th. & 5th. graders. Middle school is an amazing facility where our 6th. 7th. & 8th. graders are educated and Levelland High School has also undergone renovations to improved the educating of our students. We have the best of the best in our teachers, faculty, and administration.We have a strong school system that focuses on student success. I also can't say enough about South Plains College. They not only educate thousands of students from across the South Plains, they educate students from around the world. SPC is also an amazing community partner with local dedicated leadership.
Other areas of Levelland that enhance the quality of life are our parks, including a number of neighborhood parks as well as our Castle Park that was built by one of the first Leadership Levelland classes. Our City Park has pavilions for family gathering, playgrounds, soccer fields, and the City pool. Renovations are being completed on the adult baseball fields. Our newest park is the world class Levelland-Oxy Sports Complex which features several baseball, softball,and soccer fields. It is the envy of all the surrounding towns.
A few years ago, Levelland opened the Mallet Event Center and Arena, drawing people and events from across the state to this beautiful facility with a full arena, warmup arena, meeting areas, banquet halls, and a full chefs kitchen. It is booked almost every weekend with as many as three events at a time. It is an amazing facility.
Levelland is a Main Street City and we are proud of the improvements Main Street has been able to do to our downtown area. We have a variety of wonderful and unique businesses around our square including several that have been in business for more than 20 years. Main Street has recently been able to install way finding signs for almost all the business in the Main Street District and the rest should be completed and installed this year. New sidewalks have been installed in front of a number of our businesses. Main Street schedules several events on our downtown square that draws people from around the area and gives our citizens a chance to experience that small town atmosphere and giving families an opportunity to spend quality time together and with friends and neighbors. Along with a strong Main Street, Levelland has a very active Chamber of Commerce. Currently one of the newest projects of the Chamber of Commerce is the establishment of "Keep Levelland Beautiful". Having a clean, beautiful city is important to many of our citizens and enhances our quality of life.
Our City is cared for by amazing City employees who love their jobs and only want to make Levelland better place to live. Our economy remains stronger than most in the area. We have a diversity that is the envy of others with our 300 acre Industrial Rail Park that has brought several industries to town. We have not only the oil industry but strong farming industry. Our churches, hospitals (yes we have an awesome one), schools, and businesses are very important to Levelland but what makes this "little city" great are the people. If you are just passing through, new here, or have been in Levelland a long time, you will find warm, caring people. We have so much to offer with our strong family values and sense of community pride. If you can't tell, I love Levelland and all things Levelland. I'm privileged to share a few of the great things going on in Levelland and hope you will want to be part of it too!
Barbra Pinner