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What happened to the recovery experts predicted in 2010? "That early stage of recovery has been pushed back," said Robert Murray, vice president of economic affairs at McGraw-Hill Construction.
The slow recovery predicted for the end of 2009 and into 2010 will instead begin in earnest in 2011. It might take a few years. With the depths of declines in most sectors during the "Great Recession," experts predict double-digit growth in some areas in 2011. However, that growth must be interpreted within the context of some of the greatest declines in a generation. This recession was the longest and deepest economic crisis since the 1930s, so its impact will linger for years. One running theme throughout this article is that there was nowhere for the numbers to go but up.
"Construction is the last sector of our economy that is still stuck in recession," said Kermit Baker, chief economist for the American Institute of Architects (AIA). Now the recovery begins.
This article delivers an economic and construction forecast for 2011. The information that follows comes from various resources. Chief among them is the Oct. 28–29, 2010, McGraw-Hill Outlook 2011 Executive Conference, and the Oct. 21, 2010, Market Insights Webcast "After the Fall: When and Where Construction Will Rebound," hosted by Reed Construction Data.
Let's first examine the macroeconomic landscape to discern where construction fits into that larger picture. After looking at the 30,000-foot view, we'll drill down into more specific trends to find areas of concern and opportunity.
Economists fear the U.S. economy is flirting with a double-dip recession, leaving top forecasters rather nervous about their 2011 prognostications. In addition, because so many thought leaders missed on the rate of growth in 2010, they are being much more cautious about their predictions for 2011. As the overall economy teeters on the brink of a double-dip recession, economists and executives are wary of what could happen if anything—oil prices increase, a terrorist attack, another financial market lockup—sways the balance in one direction or the other. The economy is that fragile right now (Figure 2).
In the November/December 2010 issue of ABA Trust & Investments magazine, Keith Leggett, vice president and senior economist for the American Bankers Association (ABA), wrote that recent research from the San Francisco Federal Reserve indicates there is a 50 percent probability that the U.S. economy will slip into another recession within the next 18 to 24 months. He further wrote that the current level of jobless claims is more typical of a recession than one year into a recovery.
Construction was hit harder than most sectors when it comes to unemployment (Figures 3, 4 and 5). According to the AIA's Baker, construction jobs fell by almost 27 percent during the recession (Figure 4).
According to Grant Thornton LLP's 17th Bank Executive Survey, conducted in conjunction with Bank Director magazine in September 2010, only 15 percent of bank executives believe the U.S. economy will improve in the next six months. A quarter of those bank directors believe it will actually get worse. This is a big swing from six months prior, when 45 percent said they expected the economy to improve. While the financial services industry thinks a double dip is a bona fide possibility, other economists are a bit more optimistic.
"The worst of the recession is over," said Kathleen M. Camilli, president of Camilli Economics, speaking at the McGraw-Hill Outlook 2011 Executive Conference. "We are well into the first year of recovery."
At the same conference, Keith Fox, president of McGraw-Hill Construction, agreed. "We believe the worst is over," he said.
Camilli said the recession appears to have ended in the third quarter of 2009, but the housing sector had been in a recession for three years and has taken longer to show signs of recovery. That now seems to be stabilizing as well, she said.
Saying "the worst is over" was popular in late 2009, too, but the fluctuations in the housing inventory trumped those forecasts. Between an overabundance of existing housing inventory, a burgeoning foreclosure market, and a lurking shadow inventory of potential home sellers, the housing stock has been a steady drag on the entire economy (Figure 6).
"Foreclosures are a huge problem because they keep adding to the inventory," said the AIA's Baker during the McGraw-Hill conference (Figure 7). Conservatively, he said, there are 1 million units in the housing sector that need to be sold off before the housing market can turn the corner toward recovery. "We were building more homes than we needed for a long time," he said.
According to RealtyTrac, which produces a monthly U.S. Foreclosure Market Report, one in every 389 U.S. housing units received a foreclosure filing during October 2010. October marked the 20th consecutive month in which 300,000 U.S. homeowners received a foreclosure notice. Those numbers would have been higher, but the fallout from the recent "robo-signing" controversy sparked a foreclosure moratorium among mortgage lenders.
"A housing recovery is taking place but will be choppy at times, depending on the duration and impact of a fore-closure moratorium," said Lawrence Yun, National Association of Realtors (NAR) chief economist, in an Oct. 25, 2010, statement. According to the NAR, existing home sales, including single-family houses, townhouses, condominiums and co-ops, jumped 10 percent in September from the previous month but remain about 19 percent below the 5.6 million-unit pace from September 2009, when the $8,000 first-time homebuyer tax credit spurred sales. Perhaps that tax credit supplied some false hope for overall growth.
Jim Haughey, chief economist of Reed Construction Data, said during the Reed-sponsored webcast that the lingering foreclosure problem could add a couple more years to the normal recovery cycle.
"It's not until the second half of 2011 that we will see any type of growth," said McGraw-Hill's Murray.
If you examine solely "construction put-in-place" data from the U.S. Census Bureau and construction employment figures from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Murray said the downturn is still underway (Figure 8). The Census Bureau predicted that construction put-in-place would fall 11 percent in 2010, after falling 15 percent in 2009. As far as construction employment is concerned, a 16 percent decline in 2009 was followed by a 9 percent dip in 2010 (Figure 9). Those figures coincide with McGraw-Hill's construction starts information, which declined by 24 percent in 2009 and only by 2 percent in 2010. However, stabilization must be taken in perspective. The 24 percent dip in 2009 was the steepest drop in the history of the McGraw-Hill construction starts series. The numbers had nowhere to go but up (Figure 10).
Clearly, the destruction caused by the recession is unprecedented in modern American history. It has affected all construction markets, some harder than others (Figure 11). No one was harder hit than the residential construction market—a very significant market for electrical contractors (Figures 12, 13 and 14). Let's take a closer look at each of the construction areas, beginning with the residential market.
As a presenter during the Reed Construction Data Webcast, the AIA's Baker said he thought the housing market hit its bottom in early 2009, only to see it slide again in the second quarter of 2010. Again, this is why leading industry experts worry about the looming possibility of a double-dip recession.
According to Reed's Haughey, in housing starts, the industry endured a flat period at a very depressed level for about two years.
"We're seeing some stabilization in the (housing) starts part of the market," Haughey said. He added that by the end of 2012, the market would not quite return to its 2007 level, which was a dip from 2006. Haughey predicts a 10.1 percent increase in residential construction spending in 2011 and another 21.2 percent increase in 2012.
In single-family housing starts, McGraw-Hill's Murray predicted a 4 percent increase in 2010 and a 25 percent increase in 2011 (Figure 12). His forecast is based on what he thinks is a combination of a shrinking inventory of new homes (Figure 13), historically low mortgage rates, and demographic demand, aided by the "echo boom" generation moving into their 20s.
In multifamily housing (apartments and condominiums), Murray predicts a 23 percent growth spurt in 2011 to 170,000 units after a 5 percent increase in 2010. Those increases come on the heels of a combined 89 percent freefall in 2008 and 2009. Again, this reiterates the point that there's nowhere to go but up in this sector (Figure 14).
Haughey envisions total housing starts (both single- and multifamily) combined to grow at a 24.7 percent clip in 2011 and by another 44.1 percent in 2012. He sees this trend as correcting the declines of the recent past.
All homebuilding sectors were clearly weak in 2009 and 2010, but there are some signs of hope, particularly in remodeling, according to data from the AIA's Home Design Trends Survey.
Remodeling, which endured a significant decline during the recession (15 to 20 percent), appears to be recovering and should gain momentum in the coming months. That sounds significant until you understand that new homebuilding was down 75 percent during the recession. The greatest fall-off in remodeling came from high-end discretionary projects, Baker said. He said that remodeling niches, such as energy retrofits and renovating distressed properties, helped revive a weak home improvement market (Figures 15, 16 and 17).
"Houses built prior to 1973 are key targets for energy retrofits," he said.
When you compare remodeling spending from 2007 and 2009, you can see a clear drop-off in discretionary spending in various categories. Kitchen and bath remodeling dropped from $47 billion to $38.5 billion, while interior replacements dipped from $27.8 billion to $19.8 billion. Exterior replacements slumped from $41.3 billion to $36.3 billion, and other additions/alterations declined from $37.4 billion to $29.1 billion (Figure 16). The most stable category in the remodeling market during that cycle was systems upgrades, which only fell from $27.4 billion to $25.3 billion. That is good news for electrical contractors who perform systems work.
According to data from the Joint Center for Housing Studies (JCHS) at Harvard University, the leading indicator of remodeling activity points to 11.8 percent growth in the first quarter of 2011 and another 12.8 percent increase in the second quarter.
Another point Baker made was about the residential market share that remodeling held in recent years. Remodeling was traditionally about 40 percent of the residential construction market, but the share grew to almost 70 percent during the downturn in the economy (Figure 17).
Now that we have a grasp of the residential market, let's drill down into the nonresidential market to see what obstacles and opportunities lie within.
While the residential market took the biggest hit over the last few years, the nonresidential, or commercial/industrial/institutional (CII), market wasn't immune. It, too, endured rough times (Figure 18).
While commercial building construction (stores and shopping centers) reached an all-time high in 2007, the sector endured sharp declines in 2008 (34 percent), 2009 (53 percent) and in 2010 (17 percent). In terms of square footage, Murray expects 19 percent growth in 2011. In warehouse construction, Murray anticipates 30 percent growth in 2011. That sector endured major declines in the three previous years—25 percent in 2008, 66 percent in 2009 and 32 percent in 2010. Reed Construction Data's Haughey predicts a 4 percent increase in retail space construction in 2011 and another 12 percent increase in 2012.
McGraw-Hill's Murray also said hotels would experience a 13 percent increase in 2011. The hotel sector sustained a 64 percent decline in 2009 and another 37 percent dip in 2010. The 13 percent projected growth for 2011 is leveling off for that segment.
It might sound a bit odd and inappropriate, but natural disasters were a growth engine in this sector. Restoration projects in the hospitality industry, namely the flood restoration of the Opryland Resort Hotel & Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, Tenn., and the Hurricane Katrina rebuild of the Hyatt Regency Hotel in New Orleans, collectively account for $272 million worth of hotel-sector growth.
Haughey is much more conservative than Murray on the hotel market, saying it would grow by a mere 1 percent in 2011 and then by 22 percent in 2012.
Just as Murray predicts slight growth in recently depressed markets, he suggests the same for commercial office buildings (Figure 19). A 2011 projected 13 percent increase follows the terrible slump over the past three years. Office construction was down 27 percent in 2008, 55 percent in 2009 and 28 percent in 2010. Taken in perspective, the 13 percent gain doesn't erase the declines of the recent past, thus proving we are in for a much slower climb than originally anticipated. Reed's Haughey expects a 1 percent decline in office building construction in 2011 followed by a 19 percent increase in 2012.
The 2.2 million-square-foot World Trade Center Tower 3 in New York and the 1.3 million-square-foot U.S. Coast Guard Headquarters in Washington, D.C., top the list of major projects in the commercial office category. In office construction, the biggest gainers in the top 10 markets in 2010 included Phoenix, (105 percent), Atlanta (62 percent) and Chicago (61 percent). The biggest losers in the top 10 include Washington, D.C., (20 percent); Los Angeles (16 percent); and Boston (9 percent).
According to the AIA Billings Index, the commercial/industrial sector has eased into a solid recovery while residential and institutional remain flat. The AIA Consensus Construction Forecast Survey for 2010 and 2011, conducted in June 2010, indicates the total nonresidential market, which was down by 20.3 percent in 2010, will grow slightly by 3.1 percent in 2011. According to the same forecast, commercial construction is expected to grow by 5.2 percent, after slumping by 29.6 percent the previous year. The industrial market is expected to shrink by 2 percent in 2011 after declining by 21.3 percent in 2010. Institutional construction should grow by 4 percent in 2011, after declining by 12.3 percent in 2010.
In addition, lenders are starting to ease credit standards, allowing commercial projects to get rolling again. This sets the stage for future growth in commercial construction.
In 2009 and 2010, institutional construction suffered 22 percent and 18 percent declines in terms of square footage, respectively. McGraw-Hill's Murray expects another 6 percent decline in 2011, the equivalent of losing 133 million square feet. Reed's Haughey is more optimistic, projecting a 4 percent increase in 2011 and another 12 percent increase in 2012 (Figure 21).
Healthcare buildings, which dropped by 38 percent in 2009, were flat in 2010.The tide is expected to turn, with a slight 6 percent increase in 2011, according to McGraw-Hill. This growth is anchored in a $500 million hospital, clinic and atrium project in Orlando, Fla., and the $394 million Wishard Hospital project in Indianapolis. Of the top 10 states in square footage for starts in healthcare, the leaders are Wisconsin, with a 110 percent increase from October 2009 to October 2010, and Pennsylvania, with a 77 percent increase.
In the public buildings sector of the institutional market, McGraw-Hill projects a 6 percent decline in 2011, which follows a 31 percent slump in 2010. And while detention facilities (24 percent), armories/military (42 percent), courthouses (40 percent), and police/fire stations (21 percent) sustained double-digit reductions in terms of square footage in 2010, post office construction increased by a whopping 130 percent. However, that jump has to be taken in context; that segment dropped by 77 percent the previous year, so it had nowhere to go but up.
McGraw-Hill data also predicts a modest 1 percent increase in the amusement/recreational segment in 2011. This comes after a 29 percent dip in 2009 and an 18 percent fall in 2010. Religious-building construction will be flat after falling by 30 percent in 2010, according to Murray. Airport and airport terminal spending is expected to slip by another 5 percent in 2011 to $2 billion worth of activity.
According to McGraw-Hill's Murray, plant construction is turning up, and the dollars will soon follow. He predicts an 11 percent increase in square footage in manufacturing buildings to 42 million square feet. He also envisions a $9.2 billion market for manufacturing buildings in 2011, a 9 percent increase from the previous year.
Fiscal appropriations in 2010 and a large boost from the 2009 stimulus act sparked a resurgence in the public works segment (Figure 22). Bridge and highway construction rose to $59.7 billion in 2010 but is expected to slip by 4 percent in 2011, as the initial push from the stimulus act fades. Mass transit could suffer from the same waning federal stimulus support. After a 62 percent jolt in 2009 from the stimulus act, mass transit increased by 15 percent in 2010. In 2011, Murray expects a much more modest 3 percent increase.
The financial rescue package also boosted electric utility construction and provided incentives for alternative sources of electric generation. However, spending on electric utilities has been dropping since its 2008 peak of $31.4 billion. Spending fell by 37 percent in 2009 and 11 percent in 2010. Expect another 10 percent decline in 2011.
Let's take a closer look at how stimulus money trickled into construction and why it's drying up.
"The hope was that the stimulus program would turn around the economy," Baker said during the Reed Construction Data Webcast. "That has happened [but] nowhere near the degree we hoped it would be."
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, enacted in February 2009, infused the economy with $862 billion, not all of which went into construction markets.
Ken Simonson, chief economist at the Associated General Contractors of America (AGC), speaking during the Reed webcast, said the $8,000 new homebuyer tax credit had a mixed impact. It spurred a little growth in 2009, but the market is depressed again. Construction-related stimulus funding, about $135 billion, was spread out mostly in transportation, buildings, energy/technology and water/environment. Let's look at how that stimulus money broke down by sector (Figure 23).
About $49 billion went to transportation, $28 billion of which went to highways. Airports received $2 billion, and $18 billion went to transit/rail. Of the transit/rail dollars, about $8 billion went toward "high-speed" rail projects. Under buildings, $7 billion went to the Department of Defense, $6 billion to the General Services Administration (GSA), another $6 billion toward federal buildings, $8 billion toward housing and up to $9 billion in other discretionary spending. In the energy/technology sector, $11 billion was earmarked for electric grid projects, $4.4 of which was to go toward "smart grid" investments. Also included in the $30 billion energy/technology bucket was $7 billion for wireless/broadband projects and $6 billion in energy grants. Another $5 billion went toward weatherization.
According to McGraw-Hill's Murray, there was also a surge in wind-power projects as a result of stimulus dollars.
Barring another round of stimulus funding, the plan will have fallen short of what it was intended to do: boost the economy out of recession. That doesn't mean there were not opportunities in stimulus dollars and in green construction. Let's explore green construction to see why it might be one of the leading areas of opportunity for contractors.
"If you're doing business in the green area, you're going to be able to weather the rough times," said Harvey M. Bernstein, vice president of global thought leadership and business development for McGraw-Hill Construction. "The demand is there, and green is viewed as synonymous with quality."
According to Bernstein, green construction is sustainable and affordable because the costs are competitive with traditional building; it also creates a better building.
"Half of what's going to be built in five years will be green," he said (Figure 24).
The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System, according to Bernstein, is showing up in 71 percent of project specifications for projects over $50 million (Figure 25). He said LEED is strong, but other green building standards might emerge as alternatives. He suggests that competitive standards-making bodies emerging in the marketplace demonstrate how much the construction industry has embraced green building.
According to McGraw-Hill Construction, the green building market has grown six-fold in five years from $10 billion to $71 billion in 2010. The biggest growth is the nonresidential green market. In 2005, the residential green market accounted for about $7 billion, while nonresidential accounted for a mere $3 billion. In 2008, nonresidential jumped to $29 billion, surpassing the residential green market, which stood at $13 billion. In 2010, conservative estimates put the residential green market at about $17 billion, while the nonresidential green market climbed all the way to $54 billion.
Over the last five years, green construction has made serious penetration in the nonresidential market. In 2005, green projects made up a mere 3 percent of the $3 billion nonresidential market. By 2008, green building accounted for 12 percent of the $29 billion nonresidential market. In 2010, the green share of the $54 billion nonresidential market will be 35 percent. That's a 33 percent and $55 billion increase for green construction in the nonresidential sector in five years. It has clearly caught on. The green share of nonresidential building in 2015 will climb to 48 percent of a $145 billion market, according to McGraw-Hill Construction projections. Three main trends are leading the green momentum in the nonresidential sector:
• Bigger projects are going green.
• Government mandates and policies are influencing markets (education and public buildings).
• There is a greater awareness of green construction and more experience with it in the marketplace.
Green's share of the remodeling and retrofit market is also growing exponentially. McGraw-Hill predicts that green projects in remodeling and retrofit work will grow three-fold to five-fold by 2015.
Solar energy is also taking off. Even in a depressed economy, the U.S. solar- energy market grew in terms of both new installations and employment. Helping that, the White House approved a 1,000 megawatt (MW) solar project on public lands in October 2010. In addition, photovoltaic (PV) and concentrating solar power technologies climbed past 2,000 MW.
McGraw-Hill predicts a major surge in the market for light-emitting diode (LED) lighting in the coming years. By 2020, LEDs should cover 46 percent of the $4.4 billion U.S. market for lamps in the commercial, industrial and outdoor stationary sectors.
Many economists are cautiously optimistic about a recovery taking hold in 2011, but some business leaders think the mending process will take longer. According to a September 2010 economic survey of 900 graduates of the Harvard Business School, conducted by Zenais Marketing, more than two-thirds (68 percent) believe the economic recovery is at least two years away. Of those, 30 percent think it will take as many as five years for a recovery to occur. It's not all gloom and doom, though.
"These findings, though sobering, do present a few bright spots," said Paul D. Feldman, Zenais president. "More than two-thirds of the respondents believe that the economy is either stabilizing or improving."
Reed Construction Data's Haughey, who has more than 30 years of experience in crunching construction data figures, aggressively predicts that total construction spending will climb by 5.1 percent in 2011 and by another 12.8 percent in 2012.
"We will emerge from this economic downturn and see some growth in the latter part of 2011," AIA's Baker said. "It's been a very painful downturn, but it's possible that we can reach growth levels from five or six years ago."
After sifting through mixed prognostications from industry experts, we can mine a few valuable nuggets of information. First, most people think the worst is over and that stabilization will pave the way for future growth. Second, the rate of growth is dependent on what happens to the volatile residential sector. Third, there are opportunities if contractors are willing to explore green building and areas experiencing better results. Fourth, this recovery period will be slow and gradual.
For traditional electrical contractors, expect another year of modest growth, as we continue to climb from the worst economic crisis in a generation. The numbers have nowhere to go but up.
KELLY, a former editor of ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR, is a Baltimore-based freelance writer. Reach him at [email protected].
About The Author
Joe Kelly, is currently senior editor in the Periodicals Group at the American Bankers Association, has been a magazine editor and writer for the bulk of his career. In 1998, Kelly became associate editor of ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR magazine and was named editor in January 2000, a position he held until May 2003. He was instrumental in the 2002 ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR magazine redesign and the 2003 ECmag.com Web site redesign. In addition, he helped launch Security + Life Safety Systems, in March 2003.
Kelly currently lives in Baltimore with his wife and two children and frequently contributes to ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR.


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If you've been staring at the same wood blinds, tables and chairs in your dining room for a decade, it might be time for an upgrade. Even if you're on a budget, there are a few ways you can improve your dining room to turn it into one of the most treasured spaces in your home.
Furthermore, sprucing up this area will give you additional space to entertain. No longer will you have to worry about your family members remarking about your interior when they come over for the holidays!
Not sure if it's time to remodel your dining room? Do you think you can make you discount window treatments, wall art and wallpaper last another decade? Here are a few signs that it's time to stop procrastinating.
1. Your window treatments are dingy.
If your blinds have racked up dust and stains or your drapes have become discolored from sunlight, you need to make a change. Consider how much brighter and more welcoming your dining room will feel with new cellular shades or sheer curtains. In the end, you'll be happy you put in the effort.
2. Your dining room table is scratched beyond repair.
Has your dining room table seen better days? Does it have stains and scuff marks from years of use? When you can no longer hide its battle scars, you need to move on. Shopping for a new dining room table can also give you the opportunity to find one that better suits your growing family.
3. No one uses your dining room anymore.
If your dining room's decor has become so dated that people aren't even using it to eat anymore, it's time for a makeover. HouseBeautiful.com recommends creating a new design for your dining room this time around that caters to your casual lifestyle.
4. The space is dark and dingy.
Is your dining room in an area of your home that doesn't get much light? Do you lack windows in this space? Consider installing a new lighting fixture to dramatically change the look and feel of your dining room. Southern Living magazine reports that a modern fixture can help create a unique look, and furthermore, it will update the overall decor of the space.
By taking just a few of these tips into account, you can transform your dining room into one of the most beloved spaces in your home.

subset: commoncrawl


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Academic round-up
on Feb 16, 2012 at 3:20 pm
In Maples v. Thomas, the Court held that a death row inmate must be given a second chance to appeal his conviction after his lawyers abandoned him, causing him to miss a crucial filing deadline. The case received considerable attention, in part because the attorneys who fell down on the job were employed by Sullivan & Cromwell, one of the nation's most prestigious law firms. The firm's ethical lapses were chronicled in detail in an amicus brief filed on behalf of ninety legal ethics professors and practitioners, together with the Ethics Bureau at Yale Law School ("Ethics Amicus Brief"). That brief was cited in Justice Ginsburg's majority opinion, and played at least a small part in persuading the Court to give Maples a second chance. It also highlights the valuable service that a student clinic such as the Ethics Bureau can play in Supreme Court litigation.
All too often, amicus curiae briefs end up being "me too" briefs that don't add to the Court's understanding of an issue. But the Ethics Amicus Brief broke that mold by describing the ethical lapses of Sullivan & Cromwell itself, as opposed to the individual attorneys at that firm who abandoned representation of Maples—a subject that was not addressed by the parties. Not surprisingly, when arguing the case in the Eleventh Circuit, Sullivan & Cromwell lawyers primarily blamed the missed deadline on the state court system, and not on the firm or its attorneys. But, as the Ethics Amicus Brief explained, Sullivan & Cromwell's continued involvement in the litigation was itself unethical, since the firm was operating under an obvious conflict of interest. Citing the Ethics Amicus Brief on this point, Justice Ginsburg wrote that "the firm's interest in avoiding damage to its own reputation was at odds with Maples' strongest argument—i.e., that his attorneys abandoned him, therefore he had cause to be relieved from the default. Yet Sullivan & Cromwell did not cede Maples' representation to a new attorney, who could have made Maples' abandonment argument plain to the Court of Appeals."
The Ethics Amicus Brief was spearheaded by Professor Susan Martyn at Toledo Law School and the Ethics Bureau at Yale, a student clinic that regularly submits amicus briefs on ethical issues. The Bureau is led by attorney Lawrence Fox, who founded it to assist courts in identifying and analyzing ethical issues and to give law students some first-hand experience in the ethical obligations of the profession they will soon enter. As the Maples case illustrates, the Bureau is certainly fulfilling that mission.


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With Day & Age, The Killers are about to release one of the best albums of 2008. And as if to to celebrate, the Las Vegas-based band played several of their new songs during a triumphant concert last night (3 November) at London's Royal Albert Hall.
Most groups can't even envision, let alone pull off, combinging the epic, emotional vistas of Bruce Spingsteen with the detached, cool aesthetics of New Order, but with songs such as Sam's Town and When You Were Young, The Killers have digested both elements completely and distill them into a style that is uniquely their own.
It's there in the faux fairy lights and neon palm trees thatadorn the stage as the band perform the new, ultra-hummable single Human. Vistas of sound and vision, real and unreal - that's The Killers' world, and one can't resist being sucked in..
During a set that placed no emphasis on any single album, The Killers mixed things up effectively, ending the main show with a rousing take of their smash, Mr. Brightside.
Returning to the stage for an encore, the band practically shape-shifted during a moody, dramatic rendering of Neon Tiger, a complex and bewitching track off of Day & Age. But then it was back to slamming, as pounding readings of When You Were Young and All The Things That I've Done concluded the show. And just like that, a stadium band is born.
In the coming weeks, look for an exclusive podcast interview with Killers' guitarist Dave Keuning on MusicRadar.


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Description (from book's cover): My name is Amelia Gray. I'm a cemetery restorer who sees ghosts. In order to protect myself from the parasitic nature of the dead, I've always held fast to the rules passed down from my father. But now a haunted police detective has entered my world and everything is changing, including the rules that have always kept me safe. It started with the discovery of a young woman's brutalized body in an old Charleston graveyard I've been hired to restore. The clues to the killer--and to his other victims--lie in the headstone symbolism that only I can interpret. Devlin needs my help, but his ghosts shadow his every move, feeding off his warmth, sustaining their presence with his energy. To warn him would be to invite them into my life. I've vowed to keep my distance, but the pull of his magnetism grows ever stronger even as the symbols lead me closer to the killer and to the gossamer veil that separates this world from the next.
Review: I wasn't sure if I was going to like The Restorer when I first picked it up. I had previously read a paranormal mystery that left me underwhelmed so I had really had low expectations for this book. I was pleasantly surprised how much I liked it. With a few interruptions, I almost read it in an one sitting and the plot grabbed me right away.
Cemetery restorer, Amelia Gray saw her first ghost when she was nine. Since that day she has live by the rules her father, who also sees ghosts, instilled in her:
- Never acknowledge the dead.
- Never stray far from hallowed ground.
- Never associate with those who are haunted.
- Never, ever tempt fate.
The Restorer is a spooky, creepy, and fascinating read. Stevens did an amazing job creating this unique world. Her attention to details created a great Gothic atmosphere. There were pages where I almost feel the chill of the ghost lingering around me as I read the story. I could feel the cold, damp, grass beneath my feet as I walked on the cemetery where Amelia worked. It was creepy, but at the same time it was kind of beautiful too. Cemeteries aren't my number one place to hang out, but the explanations of the symbolism used in the tombs are fascinating.
The characters in this book are complex and endearing. Amelia is woman with a difficult and different life. Having the ability to see ghost hasn't make her life any easier, just more complicated. Since she was a child she has been the odd one and has always living by her father rules without questioning them, but given the severity of her situation you can't really blame her. The book is told in first person from Amelia's point of view, allowing us to connect with her and feel the inner conflict raging within her. Amelia doesn't dwell on her loneliness. Yes she has her bad days like all of us, but she does her best in living her life as possibly as she can with the limitations and difficulties she has.
John Devlin is a tortured and broken man, who goes through life without really living it. He is dark, intense, full of secrets. and mainly keeps to himself. He is a man with a very painful and tragic past, who doesn't think he deserves any happiness. We learn about John's life as the book progresses. I really ache for him when I learned about his heartbreaking story. He was by far my favorite character and I really look forward to learning more about him.
The relationship between Amelia and John is tense to say the least. There is an undeniable attraction between them and I loved watching it grow. At first I thought Amelia's affections for John were one sided, because there was always a wall built around him but there are lingering gazes and body movements that made me think otherwise. It is obvious that John is Amelia's forbidden fruit and vise versa. John's pain and past doesn't let him to move on and be happy. Like Amelia, John is also trying to break his self imposed rules.
This book's supporting characters are also very interesting. I really loved Regina and Ethan. I also like how the city of Charleston is described, with its quirks and all making it feel as if it's another character.
The Restorer has a great mix of mystery and suspense. We are given the right amount of answers and clues to get our mind whirring and trying to find out the perpetrator along with Amelia and John. Though my prediction of the criminal was correct, I wasn't sure of criminal's motive and I kept reading to find out. Although the mystery is solved by the end of this book, there are things left unsolved and secrets left untold, especially in regard to Amelia's father but it didn't leaving me hanging. I'm definitely looking forward to meeting these characters and the world again in the next book in this series, The Kingdom, which is slated to come out next year. If you are interested in mysteries and don't mind the paranormal with a dash of romance, I would really consider picking this book up.
Rating: 4 stars
Words of Caution: There is language and disturbing images. There are two brief but small sex scenes. Recommended to mature teens and adults only.
If you like this book try: The Kingdom (Graveyard Queen #2) available in April 2012, The Dead Room by Heather Graham, The Body Finder series by Kimberly Derting


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Ammonia - NH3
Ammonia is a chemical compound that is a colorless, flammable gas at normal temperatures and pressures. Ammonia is toxic, corrosive to some materials, and has a pungent odor. An ammonia molecule (NH3) contains three hydrogen atoms and one nitrogen atom.
Humans use ammonia in great quantities. We manufacture more atoms of ammonia each year than any other industrial chemical. Ammonia is used extensively in the production of chemical fertilizers. It is also used to make explosives, nylon, and pharmaceuticals. Ammonia is also used as a cleaner, including in household window glass-cleaning products. Ammonia is also used as a "feedstock" when making nitric acid.
Ammonia is found in small quantities in Earth's atmosphere. It is produced by the decay of animal and vegetable matter that contains nitrogen.
Nitrogen-fixing microbes convert nitrogen in the air into ammonia in the soil as part of the Nitrogen Cycle. This makes the nitrogen, a key ingredient in the chemistry of life, available to plants and other organisms.
Ammonia sometimes also plays a role in removing acids from Earth's atmosphere. Ammonia reacts with nitric acid and sulfuric acid to form particulate or aerosol nitrate and sulfate, removing the acids from the atmosphere within a few days of the acids' creation.


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Legal Professional Skills Series: The Business of Law
- When:
- Location:
- John and Frances Angelos Law Center
- Room:
- 403
- Description:
Steven Manekin, a Director at Ellin & Tucker, will offer an inside look at life within law firms, both small and large.
The practice of law is very different from studying law. If you understand the basics involved in the law as a business, then you will:
- Interview better
- Impress attorneys at networking events with your insight
- Perform better on the job
- Have a better idea of whether you want to work in a law firm after graduation
Most UB Law students will work at a law firm after they graduate. So come get an inside look at the realities of legal practice in the 21st century from an industry expert!
Pizza will be served! R.S.V.P. to email@example.com. (Open to current UB Law students only.)
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Appropriate accommodations for individuals with disabilities will be provided upon request 10 days prior to a campus event and 30 days prior to an event requiring travel.


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One of magic's most enduring effects has always been the Torn and Restored Newspaper, and for good reason. Newspapers and magazines are objects that almost everyone interacts with on a daily basis so when a magician picks up one of these seemingly ordinary items and performs a highly visual, veritable miracle with it, people immediately take notice.
A "tear-able" collection featuring one of the greatest tricks in magic!
On this DVD, you'll meet six master magicians who each has their own singular take on this magical classic. Paul Potassy's continental style of performing in no way prepares the audience for the diabolical trap he sets for them as he not only tears up and restores a newspaper, but in offering to explain how it's done, leaves the audience even more baffled. Fielding West uses the Al Baker Newspaper Tear as a jumping off point for some great comedy and classic magic while Richard Osterlind actually has the newspaper signed before tearing it up and completely restoring it. Steve Dacri then passes along an underground trade show secret shown to him by Frank Garcia – a show-stopping trick with a page torn from a magazine that's torn and restored and verified to be the original page by a piece entrusted to a spectator at the very start. Next, Alex Elmsley's timeless newspaper tear is performed and then meticulously explained by the master himself. Finally, Terry Seabrooke shares a newspaper tear gag that is a perfect bit for magical MCs or as an interlude in any comedy magic act.
Almost no other effect says "magic" like the Torn and Restored Newspaper and you're sure to find a version of this timeless trick here that's just perfect for you and your style of performing.
Newspaper Tear – Paul Potassy Torn and Restored Newspaper – Fielding West Signed Torn And Restored Newspaper – Richard Osterlind Torn And Restored Magazine – Steve Dacri Torn And Restored Newspaper – Alex Elmsley Torn And Restored Newspaper Gag – Terry Seabrooke
There are currently no any question about this product.
This product was added to our catalog on Monday 29 October, 2007.


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In the US, most laboratory test results are reported in what are termed conventional units; the rest of the world reports results in Système International d'Unités (SI) or international units (IU). The unit basis for SI is updated periodically by a panel.
Many SI units are the same as units used in the US system; however, SI units for concentrations are not. SI concentrations are reported as moles (mol) or decimal fractions of a mole (eg, millimole, micromole) per unit volume in liters (L). Conventional units are reported as mass (eg, grams, milligrams) or chemical equivalency (eg, milliequivalents) per unit volume, which may be in liters or decimal fractions of liters (eg, deciliters, milliliters). Results reported in amount per 100 mL (1 dL) are sometimes expressed as percent (eg, 10 mg/dL may be written as 10 mg%).
Moles, milligrams, and milliequivalents: A mole is an Avogadro's number (6.023 × 1023) of elementary entities (eg, atoms, ions, molecules); the mass of 1 mole of a substance is its atomic weight in grams (eg, 1 mole of sodium = 23 g, 1 mole of calcium = 40 g). Similarly, the mass of a given quantity of substance divided by its atomic weight gives the number of moles (eg, 20 g sodium = 20/23, or 0.87, mol).
An equivalent is a unit that integrates charge and moles; 1 equivalent represents one mole of charges and is calculated by multiplying the number of moles of charged particles in a substance times the valence of that substance. Thus, for ions with a +1 or −1 charge (eg, Na+, K+, Cl−), 1 mole is 1 equivalent (1 × 1 = 1); for ions with a +2 or −2 charge (eg, Ca2+), ½ mole is 1 equivalent (½ × 2 = 1), and so forth for other valence values. A milliequivalent (mEq) is 1/1000 of an equivalent.
The following can be used to convert between mEq, mg, and mmol:
mEq = mg/formula wt × valence = mmol × valence
mg = mEq × formula wt /valence = mmol × formula wt
mmol = mg/formula wt = mEq/valence
(Note: Formula wt = atomic or molecular wt.)
Alternatively, conversion tables are available in print and on the Internet.


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(Puppy Limp)
DESCRIPTION One of the main reasons for a young dog to be "pulled" from a show, or excused from the ring, is the sudden lameness of a condition known as panosteitis, familiarly labelled "pano" by many breeders. Of some 130+ breeds recognized by the American Kennel Club and hundreds more by some other registries, a dozen or so have been reported to be affected. This mysterious disease causes sudden lameness in many younger dogs, but its greatest potential may be in false diagnosis. The disease has been given various names: hematogenic chronic osteomyelitis, enostosis, long-bone disease, panosteitis, and eosinophilic panosteitis. It was first described by Gratzl, and by Baumann and Pommer in 1951 in Vienna. Since then it has been reported in Sweden, Germany, Hungary, what was then Yugoslavia, and the United States, yet there is not as much information on this subject in the early scientific literature; there was no reference in several texts on orthopedic diseases, and Smith's otherwise comprehensive text on Veterinary Pathology had but a brief note on enostosis as "a German Shepherd Dog disease", "analogous to eosinophilic panosteitis". An obscure Yugoslavian doctoral thesis dated 1961 led to a couple of references, and a dogged search (pardon the pun) of the international orthopedic literature finally turned up a 1970 study published in the AVMA Journal. Personal contact with orthopedic and radiology specialists brought the search to some work at Purdue.
SYMPTOMS AND DIAGNOSIS Clinical signs are those which are obvious or apparent upon gross examination of the entire dog, as opposed to microscopic or other types of study. Symptoms are determined by means which may include gait and motion analysis, and comparison with other limbs by manipulation and palpation. In humans such a case history would include a verbal report by the patient of his complaint. Radiologic study involves the use of X-rays, and histologic determination usually requires euthanasia and dissection of the tissues involved (long bones). A similar term, pathologic, also refers to laboratory findings of functional and structural aspects of the disease. Fortunately, a knowledgeable breeder can probably diagnose pano faster and cheaper than can a vet, merely by knowing the breed and pinching in the right places. Panosteitis is probably a disease of the osteoblasts, which, you will remember, are those bone cells that produce the organic osteoid and matrix vesicles needed for ossification. It involves a necrosis of fat cells in the marrow of long bones. It is a generalized (pan-) inflammation (-itis) of certain bones (os-). Specifically, it occurs in five of the long bones of the appendicular skeleton: the humerus, radius, and ulna of the foreleg, and the femur and tibia of the hind limb. It has not been reported in the long but narrow fibula of the lower rear leg. More often than not, the first sign is a sudden lameness in one foreleg. Exhibitors have claimed it always occurs between the closing date for entries and the day of the show, after all arrangements and plans have been made, but this is something that has not been substantiated by unbiased scientific studies. Intensity of discomfort varies not only with the progression of the lesion in the individual, but with the difference in pain threshold between one dog and another. It may be so minor that one has to press and probe to elicit pain response, or it may be so bad that the dog will whimper and refuse to put any weight on the limb. The degree of pain is not closely correlated with the stage as seen on the radiographs. While lameness may sometimes be observed in only one limb, the disease has been radiographically discovered in at least two bones simultaneously in some 96% of affected dogs. Further, the typical lameness-recovery cycle of one or two weeks will shift from one leg to another, although there may actually be as many as seven bones involved at any one time. Usually, an upper arm will be affected first, followed by a femur or ulna, and often the problem will appear in another bone in the original limb or its partner. There may be a lapse of several weeks between episodes, and more than one phase may be present in the individual at any one time. Partly because of the nature of the disease and the fact that the owner is not likely to do any damage to his dog by withholding treatment if it is indeed pano, this may be the easiest to diagnose at home with fair reliability. If you can elicit a definite pain response by pinching the suspected affected bone in the middle of the shaft, it is most likely panosteitis. If the pain is at the distal end of the long bone, it could instead be HOD, in which case a trip to the vet is certainly in order. Computing this simple test with the breed predilection and perhaps previous experience, the owner may save himself some expense. If you have any doubt, though, be sure to ask the doctor. Whether it is very common for the same bone to be the site of recurrence is not a matter of total agreement, although too many owners report it to be so, to ignore that strong anecdotal evidence. One study of 100 consecutive cases at New York's Animal Medical Center concluded that "after a bone has passed through all phases of the disease, it is unlikely that it will be affected again", and reported only one incidence of return to a previously-affected bone. Another study released 5 years later held that "recurrence in the same bone was most frequently found in the radius, followed by the ulna...", but mentioned a 6-month or more interval between episodes in individual long bones. Symptoms of panosteitis may be confused, by the novice or the vet with limited experience, with OCD of the shoulder or one of the elbow dysplasias; if in the rear limb, it could make someone think the dog has HD or cruciate ligament injury. A case history plus information on the breed, family, and diet can give some diagnostic clues. UAP, for example, is often brought to light via trauma such as jumping off a ledge, but pano shows up regardless of traumatic occurrences. The most reliable and definitive diagnosis might possibly be by a series of radiographs which can show the early, middle, and late phases of the disease, but even then radiographic signs can be so minimal that they can be missed, even if the animal exhibits clinical signs and a number of films are correctly exposed. Radiographs in both major studies were taken every month from 5 to 30 months of age. This type of approach is not feasible for the typical dog owner, nor is it necessary or best in most cases, if experience is sufficient. I find my own diagnostic method to be at least as reliable as a series of radiographs: first, I take into account the breed, and the second thing is to watch the dog walk, as other problems can give subtle differences in gait. Since I have long bred GSDs, and the disorder was once known as "that German Shepherd Dog disease", I have had much opportunity to witness its appearance in dogs of my colleagues. As soon as my 1981 HD book was printed, and I had said that I had never had a dog with pano, I found the worst case I had ever encountered, in one of my own dogs! By then, I had already plenty of practice in palpation (feeling) diagnosis as a part-time professional handler and consultant to other breeders. The third and most reliable physical test is to pinch the dog in the middle of the shaft of each of those ten bones (all the long leg bones except the fibula) and compare its reaction, bone to bone. Almost always, the dog will yelp with pain if you pinch the affected bone in the limb it has been favoring. Try to squeeze where there is very little muscle covering the bone, but only in the middle, not at the ends. Pain upon pinching near the joints can possibly lead you to suspect HOD or joint disorders, but possibly other than bone cancer there is nothing that gives the same response to pinching the middle of the diaphysis (shaft) as pano does.
THREE PHASES The first stage, the one most associated with acute pain, exhibits the least evidence of the lesion's presence in radiographs. There is some blurring, and an accentuation of the pattern of fibrous bands extending from the cortex (the hard, denser portion of the bone) inward toward the center of the medullary canal, where the marrow is located. Film contrast between the canal and cortex is diminished, and the radiodensities of the medulla and its lining are slightly greater. The fatty connective tissue takes on an appearance similar to eosinophilic granulomas (hence one of the early names for the disease) and bone is added to those fibrous bands, called trabeculae. The great deal of congestion in the medullary canal is almost undoubtedly the main reason for so much pain; if the poor dog could reason, he might imagine his bones were about to burst from the increased pressure! If a hole is drilled (a punch biopsy) for the purpose of testing some of the marrow, pain is abruptly diminished. The second phase is easily diagnosed in the clinic by the appearance of radiodense, mottled medullary tissue, beginning in the vicinity of the nutrient foramen, that hole in the side of the bone where blood vessels enter and leave. In pano's second phase, the borders of this hole are characteristically accentuated, the cortex appears less dense, and its inner lining becomes less roughened. In cases where the medullae are greatly affected, a remodeling (new bone cell formation) takes place as a secondary response on the cortex's outer layer, the periosteum, and it grows to several millimeters thick. This is the swelling or inflammation of bone that gives panosteitis its name. In 6 to 8 weeks these characteristics gradually merge into the third phase. During the approach of the third phase, the fibrous bone which formed in the medulla is resorbed, giving the radiologist a more normal picture again, and production of blood by the marrow resumes a more normal procedure. It may take several months for the bone to regain normal shape and appearance, especially if pano had struck in the more mature youngster, but it generally does heal satisfactorily. Only a radiology specialist or a general practitioner especially well-trained in this field will be able to tell later on if a particular patient had had pano. Interestingly, no fractures accompanying or following panosteitis which could be considered related have been reported, despite temporary changes in the porosity and density of these organs as found in histo-pathologic examinations of euthanized dogs. Perhaps this is due to the dog's extreme reluctance to put weight on the afflicted limb during the first two phases. Nor was there any evidence of acute infection or chronic (lasting) inflammation. The disease and recovery reach a point of cessation, with some evidence of its having been there observable upon dissection and microscopic examination of the tissues. A little of the marrow typically seems to be permanently replaced by fibrous connective tissue rather than bone, and the thickening of the outer surface gradually returns to normal.
SIMILAR DISORDERS AND SYMPTOMS You have seen that the differential diagnosis which the owner can make with fairly good accuracy (pinching the bone) will distinguish panosteitis from HOD and other disorders; the vet can confirm it with radiographs and examination. Another disorder which can give x-ray pictures very similar to the "milky" or "cloudy" appearance of panosteitis is erythrocyte pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency. Some years ago, a screening program to eliminate this hereditary enzyme metabolism disorder in Basenjis was thought to have been successful, but around 1990, a few more were diagnosed. The osteosclerosis, an abnormal increased density of bone, is apparently a pleiotropic effect of the homozygous presence of the deficiency gene. Pleiotropy means one gene (or identical gene pair, if recessive) gives rise to more than one disease or characteristic; Alaskan Malamute dwarfism/anemic blood disorder is another example. In the Basenji disorder, the bone density that could take as much as two years to develop might be one of the evidences of the genetic problem, but only if accompanied by other tests. Even then, it might be missed, as some affected dogs will show normally high erythrocyte PK activity at the time of the tests. But if some of the other symptoms are looked for, the diagnosis is easier. Affected dogs often have heart murmurs, atrophied muscles, progressive anemia, stunted growth, rapid heartbeats, and swollen livers, hearts, and spleens.
HEMOPHILIA WITH SIGNS OF PANOSTEITIS Some dogs have shown such frank signs of panosteitis that a tentative but fairly strong diagnosis of pano has been made, and then upon further tests run because of additional symptoms, they were found to have Hemophilia A. Of course, it is possible that some dogs can have both disorders at once, but based on the incidences of the two, the coincidental appearance might be hard to imagine except in certain isolated GSD families. Dr. Jean Dodd, a noted blood specialist, has seen some notable connection between pano and von Willebrand's Disease (vWD), a different type of hemophilia. I think that probably the signs of pano or the actual development of enostosis, as some prefer to call it, in the hemophiliac dog come about via bleeding in the marrow with osteoblast (bone depositing cells) activity. CAUSE OF PANOSTEITIS The cause or etiology is unknown, but fortunately the disease is self-limiting: it follows a progressive pattern and generally the animal recovers with or without treatment to a normal state or one so close that you might not be able to tell it had occurred without cutting the bones for microscopic examination. In worse cases, some permanent scarring can be identified by those especially adept at reading the radiographs for this lesion. Since panosteitis is a disease of the fatty bone marrow in the long leg bones of the adolescent or young adult dog, it may be that research on bone marrow will lead to an understanding of the etiology and hence the best treatments, cure, and prevention of the disease. Panosteitis was originally designated as hematogenic chronic osteomyelitis associated with fever and infection. Later work indicated these conditions, when present, were coincidental rather than causative. As mentioned earlier, infection is generally not associated, and malignancy is likewise absent. Only one of the 100 dogs in the Animal Medical Center study had tonsillitis (the tonsils are "traps" for infectious agents circulating throughout the body). Whenever vaccines, flea powders, worm medicine, diet, and other environmental factors have been implicated, rechecking has found that the only common denominator was physiological stress. Bacteriologic cultures of marrow, and the histologic examinations, rule out bacterial agents. White blood cell and eosinophil counts were within normal in nearly all cases, the rare exceptions being no doubt a result of some co-existing but unrelated problem. An eosinophil, by the way, is a type of cell of the peripheral blood or bone marrow, and a high level is an indication of some sort of infection or attack by parasites. TRANSMISSION In an experiment to discover possible genetic, infectious, or contagious modes of transmittal, German Shepherd Dogs with a history of panosteitis were crossed with Pointers from a family in which it had not been observed. Also, purebred Pointers and German Shepherd Dogs were kennelled side-by-side separated only by a wire fence, and pups of both breeds were raised together in the same pen. Regardless of contact, the Pointers remained free of the disease while the Shepherds routinely developed it. The crossbreeding results were inconclusive, even though only one incident of panosteitis showed up as late as the fourth generation of back-crossing the female crossbreds to male German Shepherd Dogs. Panosteitis does not appear to be related in any way to other radiographically similar diseases. It has no bearing on, nor is it affected by, other bone or joint diseases such as hip dysplasia or the various manifestations of osteochondrosis. Although radiographically panosteitis resembles some human bone conditions, there is no real counterpart in man. It has previously been thought that nutrition might not have anything to do with the lesion, despite it occurring mostly in large, fast-growing breeds. Calcium intake did not seem to have any bearing on it, as evidenced in bone healing studies. However, more testimonial evidence has since been mounting among "breeders and feeders" that diet can indeed make it much worse or more likely to appear in families predisposed to it. When I was preparing the article on panosteitis for the AKC Gazette, I undertook a review of my first 140 German Shepherd Dogs, and until my 1981 book was in publication, I had encountered only one case of panosteitis in the bloodlines I was using and developing. It happened seven months after the dog was sold to a home where his diet was considerably "richer" than the balanced commercial dry dog food he was used to. Clinical symptoms ended about ten days after onset, and we really don't know if the administration of prednisone had anything to do with alleviating it (cause and effect relationship with this corticosteroid on pano not established), but no further episodes occurred. It was some time later that one of my pups at home developed the worst case I have personally encountered, and I did not record what diet we had been using about that time, but he was produced by a different sire than any of my other dogs. A question of nutritional impact on the disease can be raised when comparing the dog's change in diet with the predominant diet of those in the 100-dog study: raw or cooked beef, eggs, cereal, and milk. Perhaps most of those 100 patients were from "pet homes" where a dog is more likely to have been "over nourished". There are other question which can only be answered through research, but there is no current active project regarding the cause and environmental control of panosteitis. From personal experience as well as speaking with scores of breeders, I am almost totally convinced that those dogs with breed and/or family susceptibility for pano, who are fed very "rich" (high protein, especially) diets are the ones most likely to come up limping with the disorder. One after another, people have told me that by going to a lower-protein but still highly-digestible food, and not feeding very liberally, they have stopped the course of pano in their kennels. BREED, AGE, AND SEX CORRELATION When first described, one of the names given the disease was "chronic osteomyelitis of young German Shepherd Dogs", but as it was studied in subsequent years, other breeds were found to be affected, including the Rottweiler, Airedale, Irish Setter, German Shorthaired Pointer, Doberman Pinscher, Great Dane, Basset Hound, and Saint Bernard. One observer has seen panosteitis in all of the better-known large and giant breeds, but it has also been found in the Miniature Schnauzer, the Scottish Terrier, and the Beagle. The apparent prevalence in the German Shepherd Dog may partly be due to the large population of this breed (worldwide, it is number one), though we cannot overlook the very strong genetic aspect. Clinics such as the one in which the data on 100 consecutive cases were collected have a preponderance of GSDs as patients. Body size is correlated with the number of cases seen in a veterinary hospital or educational institution. Growth rate is a possible factor, as it seems to be with HD. Most of the large and giant breeds have a rapid early growth pattern, though the commonalities of growth rate and large size with panosteitis may not be as closely related as they are with HD. If breeds such as the Dobe and Collie, with their relatively flatter growth rate curve continue to have low incidence of pano in relation to their populations, it still might not be conclusive evidence of cause-and-effect, but may point to a connection. If one subtracts the extremes of a very few diagnosed after full maturity, the curve of ages at time of episodes rises from about 5 months to a peak around 10 months, and rapidly diminishes, with very few cases after 18 months of age. In the one study mentioned earlier the extraordinary number (10) found at age 24 months may not be representative. The first German Shepherd Dog to win Best In Show at Westminster, Covy-Tucker Hill's Manhattan, reportedly had at least one episode of pano at 4 years of age, but this was not documented. There is a nearly 4:1 ratio of males to females affected by panosteitis; the clinical signs are more severe and the disease more nearly chronic in males. This echoes a pattern seen elsewhere. Early in the U.S. space program it was discovered that women could withstand the stress of G-forces (acceleration) better than men. The U.S. Army determined that female dogs can run 26% longer and swim 46% longer than males. Bitches lead many racing teams of sled dogs because they can run smoother and calmer, some racing enthusiasts claim. And females are much less prone to non-specific lameness (presumably this included pano) according to the records of Zero (racing) Kennel. It appears the stress of estrus (bitch's season is her highest stress period) or pregnancy contributes somewhat to susceptibility. TREATMENT A great number of treatments have been proposed and tried, but all have had very limited or extremely questionable success, and then only as partial palliatives; nothing has been conclusively shown to have a cause-and-effect relationship.. Since the cause is unknown, treatment is indicated and routinely prescribed only for the symptoms. Aspirin, sulfa compounds, other antibiotics, vitamin C, prednisolone or similar steroids, and calcium supplements have been most commonly attempted. Of the analgesics and other medications tried, buffered aspirin (less irritating to the canine digestive tract) probably has the greatest effect and widest application in relieving some pain in some dogs. It and the corticosteroids have the largest number of proponents, but it has been my observation that most dogs with panosteitis do not respond to these anymore than they do to anything else. Corticosteroids do have an anti-inflammatory action and can give remarkable relief in many ailments (and by some reports do a little good in alleviating some pain in pano), but as in the case of all drugs and foreign substances, there are cautions. Prolonged or excessive use of aspirin can cause stomach bleeding in dogs; steroids can bring on cardiovascular problems including ruptured capillaries, and can damage the immune system at least temporarily. If you decide to try a pain reliever in spite of my advice, if there is overwhelming compunction to do something, make sure you discuss with your veterinarian the possible side effects and contraindications. For every "cure" or "successful" treatment, you can find a score or more cases in which it did not work at all. One orthopedist said to me, "It's sort of like treating a cold in a human patient where, if you give medicine it takes about seven days to get over it, and if you do nothing it takes about a week." In the case of this disease, however, it may take anywhere from 2 days to 7 weeks for the pain to leave one site with 1 to 2 weeks quite common. Radiologically and histologically, it can be 2 months between onset and the beginning of the late phase, and then several more months before cortex and endosteum (inner lining of the marrow cavity) regain normal appearance. It may take considerably longer for the disease to run its course in all the bones which may become affected. I have observed that most cases are outgrown by age 18 months to 2 years, with most initial episodes coming around 8 to 10 months of age; in many dogs the disease will strike at a much later age than in others. It is rarely a chronic situation in regard to pain; in most cases symptoms appear only intermittently in many bones, and many dogs will have but one episode in one bone. Many of us experienced breeders believe that nothing you do will likely make a fig's worth of difference in either pain relief or remission. One private practitioner with much experience in orthopedic disorders claimed that Zyloprime relieved clinical and radiographic symptoms within 5 days, but we know that many cases self-resolve in that period of time anyway, and the experiments were not duplicated elsewhere. It appears that nothing gives completely satisfactory results, so the best course of action is no action at all; let the dog decide how much weight to put on the limb and just wait. Perhaps the best treatment regimen for dogs with pano is in the nursery rhyme, "Leave them alone, and they'll come home, wagging their tails behind them." It may be best to let the dog restrict his exercise by himself, give him emotional support so he doesn't go without food to the extent of exposing himself to diseases or stresses he can't handle, and simply wait it out. CONCLUSIONS In summary, panosteitis is a self-limiting disease affecting many of the long leg bones, predominately in large dogs between 5 and 18 months old. It is apparently unrelated to other lesions of the skeletal or blood systems, and occurs only in the canine, more in some breeds than others. Cause is unknown, but high-protein diets may make symptoms worse or last longer. Panosteitis is "self-limiting", i.e., it will "go away" whether one treats it or not. Since afflicted dogs "outgrow" the disease with little or no expense, it is unlikely much research funding will become available to study it. The dog owner should consult his veterinarian to rule out other problems which may be more serious. Copyright Fred Lanting, Canine Consulting. firstname.lastname@example.com
Panosteitis, Growing Pains
Radiograph of a Dog Humerus Affected with Panosteitis
New Hypothesis Concerning Pathogenesis of Canine Panosteitis
Limping: Pano
Canine Panosteitis
Limping - Panosteitis & HOD
Panosteitis: By Fred Lanting
Lameness in Dogs
Bone Diseases Of Growing Dogs
OCD - Osteochondritis Dissecans
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Full messenger bag with roomy internal capacity and rip patch closure. Zipped closed main body, with front panel (protected by main flap) offering room for four pens/pencils (middle), as well as large zip pocket (top), small zip pocket (mid-left, with small open pocket behind), phone pocket (right, also good for portable battery packs), and a carabiner. Symbaroum. The strap of the bag is adjustable, allowing it to be lengthened to a cross body bag.
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Get ready to rush down the water slide, bounce off the diving boards and cool down with the little ones in the splash ground at one of Garland's premier swimming pools. Located just half a mile east of Highway 78 / Lavon Drive, Bradfield Pool is tucked back into Bradfield Park adjacent to the recreation center. So when the sun is sizzling, and the heat is overbearing, be sure to make your way on over to Bradfield Pool for a refreshing visit.
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This is an archived article that was published on sltrib.com in 2012, and information in the article may be outdated. It is provided only for personal research purposes and may not be reprinted.
Utah Highway Patrol Cpl. Lisa Steed will not be charged with any crimes related to her testimony in drunken driving cases, Salt Lake County's prosecutor said Monday.
"That's what we hoped they would do and that's what we thought was the correct thing to do," said Steed's attorney, Greg Skordas.
Salt Lake County District Attorney Sim Gill said he made the decision Monday upon recommendation from a colleague.
Utah County Attorney Jeff Buhman conducted an inquiry into Steed's testimony. While at least two judges have found Steed's testimony unreliable, Buhman said a criminal case against Steed could not meet the threshold of "beyond a reasonable doubt," Gill said.
"Their conclusion was it doesn't warrant the filing" of criminal charges, Gill said.
The commander of the UHP, Col. Daniel Fuhr who requested the inquiry conducted by Buhman had not seen the report.
Steed remains employed by the UHP but was removed from road duty and reassigned in April when the review was announced. A UHP spokesman at the time said Steed would be reassigned to a "non-law enforcement capacity."
UHP will still conduct its own review of Steed, UHP spokesman Dwayne Baird said Monday.
Questions about Steed's credibility have grown so great the Davis County attorney has already said he will not prosecute cases in which Steed is a significant witness. Gill said he is not aware of any other Salt Lake County police officers for whom prosecutors are obligated to disclose a discipline record to defense counsel the way Gill's office must disclose Steed's.
"Is that going to provide a challenge for prosecutors? Absolutely," Gill said.
In April, 3rd District Judge Mark Kouris suppressed evidence in one case, saying Steed "wasn't truthful" when she testified about why her microphone wasn't on during a 2010 traffic stop.
That same week, in a Davis County case, 2nd District Judge Robert Dale sided with defendant Stephanie Nieder and suppressed evidence against her. The Davis County Attorney's Office immediately dismissed the three misdemeanor traffic charges and one felony drug-possession charge.
Twitter: @natecarlisle


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Charlie Brown
Cartoon Character
Date Of Birth:
Best Known As:
Wishy-washy hero of the comic strip Peanuts
Charlie Brown is the wishy-washy child hero of the newspaper comic strip Peanuts. Charlie Brown is a lovable loser who dreams of hitting the game-winning home run but usually strikes out. He first appeared in Li'l Folks, a comic feature by Charles Schulz, which debuted in the St. Paul Pioneer Press in 1947. In 1950 a new version of Schulz's strip was syndicated as Peanuts. For the next 50 years, Charlie Brown and his nutty beagle Snoopy appeared in newspapers around the world. As the popularity of the strip soared in the 1960s, the Peanuts gang also appeared in books, TV specials, and even an in off-Broadway play titled You're A Good Man, Charlie Brown. One Peanuts book, Happiness Is a Warm Puppy, was the #1 best-selling nonfiction book in America in 1963. The TV special A Charlie Brown Christmas, which first aired on December 9, 1965, became a holiday classic and continues to be broadcast on American TV decades later. A few of Charlie Brown's traits became particularly famous: his phrase of dismay, "Good grief!"; his unrequited love for the unseen little red-haired girl; his philosophical discussions with his blanket-carrying chum, Linus; and his annual (failed) attempts to kick a football held by Linus's sneaky sister Lucy. Charles Schulz drew Peanuts right up until his own death in 2000; since that time the strip has continued in reruns in hundreds of newspapers. Charlie Brown and the gang reappeared in a 2015 animated feature film, The Peanuts Movie.
Extra Credit
Charlie Brown's younger sister is named Sally… His father is a barber, as was Schulz's real-life father… Charlie Brown was played by Gary Burghoff in the original 1967 off-Broadway cast of You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown… Charles Schulz named Charlie Brown after a friend he met at an art class in Minneapolis, although he said that Charlie Brown's character traits were not based on his old friend… Charlie Brown and Snoopy were the name of the command module and the lunar module on Apollo 10, the final test flight before Apollo 11 put Neil Armstrong on the moon.
Copyright © 1998-2017 by Who2?, LLC. All rights reserved.
See also:


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Once upon a time, an assistant to Levy Eshkol, our late Prime Minister, rushed up to him and cried: "Levy, a disaster! A drought has set in!"
"Where?" the Prime Minister asked anxiously, "in Texas?"
"No, here in Israel!" the man replied.
"Then there's nothing to worry about," Eshkol said dismissively.
Right from the beginning, the State of Israel has been critically affected by events in the United States. "If America sneezes, Israel catches cold," is the local version of the universal saying.
This is particularly true in the run-up to American elections. They can be as important for Israel as our own, since the occupant of the White House can influence the fate of Israel in many significant ways. But they have an additional significance: the months before the American elections are a kind of open season for Israel.
The basic assumption is that no candidate for the White House would dare to provoke the American Jewish voters at election times. They are an extremely well organized and highly motivated political bloc, ready to donate heaps of money, which gives them political clout well beyond their numbers.
Actually, there are now more Muslims than Jews in the United States, but they are not organized, their motivation is weak, their willingness to donate large amounts of money near zero. Their adherence to the Palestinian cause, for example, cannot match the fierce loyalty of most of the Jews to Israel. Moreover, in this the Jews are now joined by tens of millions of Christian evangelical fundamentalists.
Israeli governments naturally time their most controversial moves to coincide with the American elections. The more closely fought the elections, the more attractive it is for Israeli planners and adventurers.
The State of Israel unilaterally declared its independence in May 1948, when Harry Truman's reelection campaign was in a critical condition. David Ben Gurion made the decision against the advice of some of his wisest colleagues, who warned him that the United States would oppose the move with all its might. He bet on the inability of the American system to do that during an election campaign.
At the time, Truman was desperately in need of money. Some Jewish millionaires provided it. To show his gratitude, and against the express advice of his Secretary of State (George Marshall) and especially his Secretary of Defense (James Forrestal), Truman immediately accorded the new state de facto recognition. (Stalin trumped him and recognized Israel de jure.)
Since then, this has been a repeating pattern. The Israeli government ordered the army to attack in 1967 (starting the Six Day War) after receiving an OK from President Lyndon Johnson, who at the time was still hoping to be reelected in 1968. The critical first year after that war, when America failed to induce Israel to withdraw from the territories its army had conquered, was, of course, an election year. Most of our present troubles stem from that.
Only once did the calculation fail. In 1956 Ben Gurion colluded with France and Britain against Egypt's Gamal Abd-el-Nasser. After conquering the Sinai peninsula, Ben-Gurion declared the "Third Israeli Kingdom". He was convinced that the Americans were preoccupied with their election and would not interfere. He was wrong.
President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who was standing for reelection, was assured of a landslide majority. He did not need the Jewish vote. He was also a man of principle. So he presented Ben- Gurion with what amounted to an ultimatum: evacuate the Sinai or else. Four days after setting up his "kingdom" Ben-Gurion announced its demise. But this was an exception.
Ariel Sharon, who considers himself a personal disciple of Ben-Gurion (as does Shimon Peres), is basing his present policy on the same calculation. President George W. Bush is fighting for his political life. He will not dare to provoke a quarrel with Israel at this juncture. So from now until November, Sharon can do much as he pleases.
President Bush's famous Road Map is dead. (I can hear him exclaiming: "Road Map? What Road Map? The only Map I need is of the road to the White House!") His demand for a freeze on all building activity in the settlements, "even for the natural increase", is becoming a joke. Sharon has just openly flouted this by announcing plans for 600 new houses in the Ma'aleh Adumim settlement.
Emissaries of the Security Council and the State Department (Zionist Jews, by the way) are practically begging Sharon on their knees to dismantle dozens of new settlements (referred to as outposts") put up since he assumed power in 2001. Sharon has promised this to Bush many times, in return for reversals of long-standing US policy. Sharon must be hard put not to laugh in their faces.
However, Sharon does have a vital interest in Bush's reelection. He is afraid of John Kerry, even if he says exactly the same as Bush on the Israeli-Palestinian issue, and his grandfather's name was Cohen. Experience has shown that there is no necessary correlation between what politicians say before elections and what they do after them. That is the other side of the election coin.
So Sharon may be induced to do something anything at all that will allow Bush to claim the credit for a "historical breakthrough" in the Middle East. Perhaps who knows? a week before the elections, three mobile homes may be dismantled on some godforsaken hilltop in Samaria. Wow!
URI AVNERY is an Israeli writer and peace activist with Gush Shalom. He is one of the writers featured in The Other Israel: Voices of Dissent and Refusal. He is also a contributor to CounterPunch's hot new book The Politics of Anti-Semitism. He can be reached at: email@example.com.


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A bug thought to be one of the 'good bacteria' in our gut may actually have a role in the development of a bowel disorder that is on the rise in Scotland
That is the possibility being raised by University of Aberdeen scientists who have published research which found significantly high levels of Faecalibacterium prausnitizii in the colon of children with Crohn's disease. Up until now the bug - one of the most common found in the gut - has been associated with Crohn's disease but in a 'protective' way, because other studies have found it in low levels in patients with Crohn's, and because it has anti-inflammatory properties.
The findings have surprised scientists because it goes against current thinking. However they stress more research is needed into F. prausnitzii before they really understand the part the bug may play in the disorder, which has increased five-fold in Scottish children over the last 35 years. Researchers recruited children from Aberdeen, Glasgow and Dundee onto their study which was looking for potential bacterial triggers for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis - which affects around 6% of the Scottish population.
Children were recruited when they attended hospital for a colonoscopy to confirm or rule out whether they had IBD. Dr Richard Hansen, Clinical Lecturer in Child Health at the University of Aberdeen, was the study co-ordinator for the work just published in the American Journal of Gastroenterology. He said: "There is a lot of research into inflammatory bowel disease but much of that has focused on Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in adults. "We wanted to study as 'pure' a population as possible - by that I mean people who have not yet had an intervention or treatment for their IBD, and are less likely to have other illnesses, or to have made lifestyle choices, such as being a smoker or drinking alcohol.
"Ours is a unique study because this type of research cohort has not been studied by IBD researchers before."
Blood and tissue samples were taken from patients who were recruited over a three year period and were aged between two and 16 years.Recruits from this study came from the larger BISCUIT- Bacteria in Inflammatory bowel disease in Scottish Children Undergoing Investigation before Treatment - study which recruited a total of 100 children over three years, including 44 presenting for the first time with IBD and 42 who had a normal bowel.
Thirty four recruits were selected for a more detailed analysis, including 11 with Crohn's disease, 11 with ulcerative colitis and 12 'controls' with a normal bowel.
Bacteria in the samples were then identified using the latest DNA 'sequencing' technology. Dr Georgina Hold, Senior Lecturer in Gastroenterology, at the University of Aberdeen and senior author on the study, said: "We found no significant changes in types of bacteria present across the three groups although there was less variety in the species of bacteria in kids with Crohn's disease. "However we did see a significant increase in the bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in children with Crohn's disease.
"This was a surprise because other studies of patients with Crohn's disease have reported a reduction in levels of this bug which supports current thinking that it is somehow protective.
"However our finding suggests that this particular bug may not always be a 'good' bacterium and may actually contribute to the development of the disease."
Dr Hansen added: "We now plan to carry out a further study to look at Faecalibacterium prausnitzii specifically and to relate this to a liquid diet treatment that is commonly used to treat Crohn's disease in children. "We also need to understand more about how to restore and retain the normal bacterial communities within the gut."
The study was funded by Chief Scientist Office and also CICRA - Crohn's In Childhood Research Association.
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Last Friday, we went to St Mary's & St Michael's church in Mistley where the talented musicians Elena Urioste violin, Timothy Ridout viola, Orlando Jopling cello, and Tom Poster piano were rehearsing for their concert that evening.
Arriving before the musicians, I took advantage of the time and sketched one of the church's beautiful stained glass windows.
Daniel Bates oboe, Katherine Spencer clarinet, Stuart King bass clarinet, Peter Whelan bassoon, and Pip Eastop horn. Again I sketched in pencil or watercolour:
What have you been sketching?


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Thank you for attending the 2017 TASTE of Tippecanoe!
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Running Quake 3 and 4 on Fedora 12 (64-bit)
I started writing this article one night in December when I was bored and looking for a game to play on Linux. I am not much of a computer gamer, so I am not really current with what is out there for games in the Open Source world. That night I stumbled across OpenArena, which is "a network enabled multiplayer first person shooter based on the ioquake3 fork of the id tech 3 engine." [1]
I installed OpenArena on my Fedora 12 x86_64 install (i.e. yum install openarena), and played it for a few minutes. That's how long it took for me to travel back in time and have the urge to play some good-old Quake 3 Arena. I purchased my very own copy of 'Quake 3 Arena for Linux' back in December of 1999 when it was released. Do you remember Loki Games? [Note: Can you believe that this game is now over 10 years old?!]
I decided then to dig up my old Quake 3 CD, and see if it would still run on my 'shiny' Fedora 12 x86_64 install. At first, I got all sorts of errors, I couldn't install it from the original CD, nor by downloading the most recent binaries from ID Software, which believe it or not, is already 6 years old.
Anyway, I was able to get Quake 3 running on my Lenovo Thinkpad T500 (Intel Graphics Card) running Fedora 12 x86_64, and here's what I had to do:
1. Grab the two latest updates from ID Software's FTP: Q3A Point Release 1.32b and Q3A Point Release 1.32c
wget ftp://ftp.idsoftware.com/idstuff/quake3/linux/linuxq3apoint-1.32b-3.x86.run wget ftp://ftp.idsoftware.com/idstuff/quake3/quake3-1.32c.zip
2. Then make linuxq3apoint-1.32b-3.x86.run executable:
chmod 755 linuxq3apoint-1.32b-3.x86.run
3. Execute it:
linux32 ./linuxq3apoint-1.32b-3.x86.run
[Note: linux32 tells Linux to execute linuxq3apoint-1.32b-3.x86.run with CPU architecture set to 32 bit]
4. Unzip 1.32c, and copy over the binaries under the 'linux' directory to /usr/local/games/quake3:
unzip quake3-1.32c.zip cp Quake III Arena 1.32c/linux/* /usr/local/games/quake3/
5. Grab your original Quake 3 Arena CD, and copy over the base3q files to /usr/local/games/quake3/base3q/
[Note: This will work with an original Quake 3 Arena CD for Linux or Windows]
Fixing Sound:
Before you even try to start up the game, I can tell you right now the sound will be broken; here's how to fix it. Quake 3 Arena needs the /dev/dsp device to be present on the file system:
1. As root:
/sbin/modprobe snd_pcm_oss
[Note: This is non-persistent, through this module /dev/dsp is created]
2. Set permissions:
chmod 777 /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
Starting the game:
Now we are ready to give Quake 3 Arena a try, but before you can even execute the binary, there are a couple of things you need to be aware of:
1. Need to pass some parameters to the kernel so sound will work.
2. Need to execute the binary under the 32-bit architecture.
echo "quake3-smp.x86 0 0 direct" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss && linux32 /usr/local/games/quake3/quake3-smp
[Note: I am running the SMP binary, since my laptop has 2 cores. If you run on a single processor, you will need to run]
echo "quake3.x86 0 0 direct" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss && linux32 /usr/local/games/quake3/quake3
Troubleshooting Tips:
1.If your game freezes seconds after starting a match, use
'+set s_musicvolume -1' when starting the game.
2. If the sound still not working after setting the
parameter above: Open your 'Sound Preferences' under GNOME and under the
Hardware tab, change the profile from Analog to Digital... it did the trick
for me.
3. If you are using nvidia cards:
yum install xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libs-32bit # from rpmfusion.org
4. Make sure that modules like 'glx' are being loaded in the xorg.conf file.
Quake 4
After a few hours of playing Quake 3 on my laptop, I decided to take one step further and try to get Quake 4 working on Fedora 12. And to my surprise it actually took me longer to figure out how to get Quake 4 working than it took for Quake 3.
1. Grab the latest Quake 4 binaries from ID Software. quake4-linux-1.4.2.x86.run.
wget ftp://ftp.idsoftware.com/idstuff/quake4/linux/quake4-linux-1.4.2.x86.run
2. Then make quake4-linux-1.4.2.x86.run executable:
chmod 755 quake4-linux-1.4.2.x86.run
3. Execute it:
linux32 ./quake4-linux-1.4.2.x86.run
4. Copy the the baseq4 files from your original Windows
CDs (or DVD) to /usr/local/games/quake4/base4q
5. When I tried to execute the binary with:
linux32 /usr/local/games/quake4/quake4-smp
I would get an error like this:
X..GL_EXT_texture_compression_s3tc not found
After several hours of 'googling' and reading documentation, I was able to to fix this problem by doing the following:
yum install driconf
Then, as the user who will be running the game, run:
and under Image Quality, enable S3TC textures. That did it for me.
Fixing Sound:
1. As root:
/sbin/modprobe snd_pcm_oss chmod 777 /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2. My game still didn't have sound, so I had to edit ~/.quake4/q4base/Quake4Config.cfg and modify the option from:
seta s_driver "best"
seta s_driver "oss"
Starting the game:
And finally, much like how we started Quake 3 Arena, we may now start up Quake 4:
echo "quake4-smp.x86 0 0 direct" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss && linux32 /usr/local/games/quake4/quake4-smp
If you have been around Linux for over ten years and used to play these 'classic' games back in the day, I hope you enjoy getting them re-installed and running again on your systems as much as I have. If you have just started using Linux within the past few years, and you don't have the original media to install Quake 3 Arena or Quake 4, stick around with OpenArena. It's a great alternative to the Quake saga, and it's much easier to install.
Talkback: Discuss this article with The Answer Gang
Anderson Silva works as an IT Release Engineer at Red Hat, Inc. He holds a BS in Computer Science from Liberty University, a MS in Information Systems from the University of Maine. He is a Red Hat Certified Engineer working towards becoming a Red Hat Certified Architect and has authored several Linux based articles for publications like: Linux Gazette, Revista do Linux, and Red Hat Magazine. Anderson has been married to his High School sweetheart, Joanna (who helps him edit his articles before submission), for 11 years, and has 3 kids. When he is not working or writing, he enjoys photography, spending time with his family, road cycling, watching Formula 1 and Indycar races, and taking his boys karting,