text:
Python 3.2.5
Python 3.2.5 was released on May 15th, 2013. This release fixes a few regressions found in Python 3.2.4, and is planned to be the final 3.2 series bugfix release.
New features of the 3.2 series, compared to 3.1
Python 3.2 is a continuation of the efforts to improve and stabilize the Python 3.x line. Since the final release of Python 2.7, the 2.x line will only receive bugfixes, and new features are developed for 3.x only.
Since PEP 3003, the Moratorium on Language Changes, is in effect, there are no changes in Python's syntax and only few changes to built-in types in Python 3.2. Development efforts concentrated on the standard library and support for porting code to Python 3. Highlights are:
- numerous improvements to the unittest module
- PEP 3147, support for .pyc repository directories
- PEP 3149, support for version tagged dynamic libraries
- PEP 3148, a new futures library for concurrent programming
- PEP 384, a stable ABI for extension modules
- PEP 391, dictionary-based logging configuration
- an overhauled GIL implementation that reduces contention
- an extended email package that handles bytes messages
- a much improved ssl module with support for SSL contexts and certificate hostname matching
- a sysconfig module to access configuration information
- additions to the shutil module, among them archive file support
- many enhancements to configparser, among them mapping protocol support
- improvements to pdb, the Python debugger
- countless fixes regarding bytes/string issues; among them full support for a bytes environment (filenames, environment variables)
- many consistency and behavior fixes for numeric operations
More resources
This is a production release. Please report any bugs you encounter.
We currently support these formats for download:
- Bzipped source tar ball (3.2.5) (sig), ~ 11 MB
- XZ compressed source tar ball (3.2.5) (sig), ~ 8.5 MB
- Gzipped source tar ball (3.2.5) (sig), ~ 13 MB
- Windows x86 MSI Installer (3.2.5) (sig) and Visual Studio debug information files (sig)
- Windows X86-64 MSI Installer (3.2.5) [1] (sig) and Visual Studio debug information files (sig)
- Mac OS X 64-bit/32-bit Installer (3.2.5) for Mac OS X 10.6 and later [2] (sig). [You may need an updated Tcl/Tk install to run IDLE or use Tkinter, see note 2 for instructions.]
- Mac OS X 32-bit i386/PPC Installer (3.2.5) for Mac OS X 10.3 and later [2] (sig)
The source tarballs are signed with Georg Brandl's key, which has a key id of 36580288; the fingerprint is 26DE A9D4 6133 91EF 3E25 C9FF 0A5B 1018 3658 0288. The Windows installer was signed by Martin von Löwis' public key, which has a key id of 7D9DC8D2. The Mac installers were signed with Ned Deily's key, which has a key id of 6F5E1540. The public keys are located on the download page.
MD5 checksums and sizes of the released files:
ed8d5529d2aebc36b53f4e0a0c9e6728 13123323 Python-3.2.5.tgz 99e7de6abd96185480f819c5029709d2 10996792 Python-3.2.5.tar.bz2 03c5843638c576d29b3321947facd22d 9221624 Python-3.2.5.tar.xz e119db5243fd9db25734f02fbfc48816 17773901 python-3.2.5-macosx10.3.dmg c97c7ff305b4b8ed84c6d708e0bde27c 17461482 python-3.2.5-macosx10.6.dmg a6597c204d0351abb3668b43a8a330aa 22029384 python-3.2.5-pdb.zip a82e831252fdd2b1153d3ae98a707ff2 20071496 python-3.2.5.amd64-pdb.zip b3b7bc402c630d61a37516986aaa1c4b 18812928 python-3.2.5.amd64.msi cdd6fdc59461c968bd105fdf08f4a17d 18329600 python-3.2.5.msi
[1] | The binaries for AMD64 will also work on processors that implement the Intel 64 architecture (formerly EM64T), i.e. the architecture that Microsoft calls x64, and AMD called x86-64 before calling it AMD64. They will not work on Intel Itanium Processors (formerly IA-64). |
[2] | (1, 2) There is important information about IDLE, Tkinter, and Tcl/Tk on Mac OS X here. |


text:
Armed Forces of North and South Korea
It was not Lacedaemon alone that gave birth to warriors, ... they were produced in all countries where men were found capable of instructing others in the art of war.
NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI, The Discourses
The North Korea People's Army had been from the beginning under the supervision of the Soviets. At first the Peace Preservation Corps had undertaken the organization and training of a military force. Then, when the Soviets began to withdraw their occupation forces in February 1948, the North Korean Government established a Ministry of Defense and activated the North Korea People's Army. Soviet instruction and supervision of the Army continued, however, after the withdrawal of Soviet forces from North Korea. One prisoner stated that every training film he ever saw or used had been made in the USSR. About three thousand Russians were active in the Army program before June 1950. In some instances as many as fifteen Soviet officers served as advisers on an N.K. infantry division staff. The adviser to a division commander reportedly was a Soviet colonel. [1]
The Soviet diplomatic mission to North Korea, apparently organized in January 1949, became the post-occupation body for Soviet control of the country. By June 1950 every member of the Soviet diplomatic staff in North Korea was either an army or an air force officer. Col. Gen. Terenty F. Shtykov, commander of the Soviet occupation forces in North Korea and, after their withdrawal, the Soviet Ambassador there, apparently functioned as the senior Soviet officer in the country. Intelligence reports indicate that Premier Kim Il Sung received weekly instructions from the USSR through Ambassador Shtykov. [2]
In June 1950 Kim Il Sung was Commander in Chief of the North Korean armed forces. His deputy was Marshal Choe Yong Gun. Both had left Korea in their youth, resided in China for long periods of time, and, ultimately, gone to Moscow for training. Kim Il Sung returned to Korea on 25 September 1945 under Soviet sponsorship, landing at Wonsan on that date with a group of Soviet-trained guerrillas.
[1] DA Intel Rev, Mar 51, Nr 178, p. 32; Ibid., Aug 50, Nr 171, pp. 16-17; Ibid., Mar 51, Nr 178, p. 36; 24th Div G-2 PW Interrog File, 6-22 Jul 50; GHQ FEC MIS GS, History of the North Korean Army, 31 July 1952 (hereafter cited as GHQ FEC, History of the N.K. Army), pp. 8-24. [2] DA Intel Rev, Apr 51, Nr 179, p. 32; GHQ FEC, History of the N.K. Army.
Page 8 SOUTH TO THE NAKTONG, NORTH TO THE YALU
For all practical purposes the North Korean ground forces in June 1950 comprised two types of units: (1) the Border Constabulary (BC or Bo An Dae) and (2) the North Korea People's Army (NKPA or In Min Gun). The Border Constabulary, an internal security force, was organized, trained, and supervised by Soviet officials. It was uncommonly strong in political indoctrination and supported and promoted the Communist party line throughout North Korea. All officer training for the Border Constabulary was under the direct supervision of Soviet advisers on the school staffs. [3]
The Border Constabulary had its beginnings as early as September 1945, when anti-Japanese and Communist Koreans, guerrillas who had fled from Korea and Manchuria to Soviet territory, came back to Korea and formed the nucleus of what was called the Peace Preservation Corps. It numbered about 18,000 men and drew its personnel mostly from Communist youth groups. Its officers were usually active Communists. In May 1950 the effective strength of the North Korean internal security forces was approximately 50,000, divided among the Border Constabulary, the regular police, and the "thought" police. [4]
The Border Constabulary in June 1950 consisted of five brigades of uneven size and armament-the 1st, 2d, 3d, 5th, and 7th. The 1st Brigade numbered 5,000 men; the 3d and 7th each had a strength of 4,000. These three brigades were stationed just north of the 38th Parallel. The 7th was in the west, deployed from Haeju to the coast, just above the Ongjin Peninsula; the 3d was east of the 7th, in the center from Haeju to the vicinity of Chorwon; and the 1st was at Kansong on the east coast. These three brigades, totaling 13,000 men, were armed and equipped to combat-infantry standards. The brigades each had six or seven battalions composed of three rifle companies each, together with machine gun and mortar companies, an antitank platoon, and the usual headquarters and service units.
The BC 2d Brigade, with a total strength of only 2,600, was divided into seven battalions. It held positions along the Yalu and Tumen River boundaries separating North Korea from Manchuria and the USSR. This brigade had little heavy equipment and few mortars, machine guns, or antitank guns. The BC 5th Brigade, with a strength of about 3,000 men, had headquarters at Pyong-yang, the North Korean capital. It was responsible for railroad security. [5]
The North Korea People's Army
The North Korea People's Army in June 1950 constituted a ground force of eight infantry divisions at full strength, two more infantry divisions activated at an estimated half strength, a separate infantry regiment, a motorcycle reconnaissance regiment, and an armored brigade. Five of the infantry divisions and the armored brigade had well-trained combat personnel. Many of these soldiers were hardened veterans who had fought with the Chinese Com-
[3] DA Intel Rev, Jun 50, Nr 169, pp. 20-23. [4] Ibid. [5] Future reference to the two opposed Korean forces generally will be North Korean or N.K. and South Korean or ROK. The abbreviation N.K. will precede a numbered NKPA unit: ROK will precede a numbered South Korean unit.
ARMED FORCES OF NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA Page 9
munist and Soviet Armies in World War II.
The North Korea People's Army was officially activated on 8 February 1948. Its first full infantry divisions, the 3d and 4th, were established between 1947 and 1949: and its first armored unit, the 105th Armored Battalion, was established in October 1948. The latter increased to regimental strength in May 1949. Conscription for replacements and build-up of the North Korea People's Army apparently began about July 1948. After a meeting of USSR and Communist China officials, reportedly held in Peiping early in 1950 to explore the advisability of using the North Korea People's Army for an invasion of South Korea, there was a rapid build-up of that Army. It increased its training program, transferred ordnance depots from urban to isolated rural sites, and readied hidden dump areas to receive supplies, weapons, and munitions of war from the USSR. At the beginning of this build-up there were in Korea about 16,000 repatriated North Koreans from the Chinese Communist Forces (CCF). In April 1950 Communist China returned 12,000 more veterans of the CCF to Korea where they formed the N.K. 7th Division (redesignated the 12th about 2 July 1950). [6]
The Korean veterans of the Chinese Communist Forces made up about one third of the North Korea People's Army in June 1950 and gave it a combat-hardened quality and efficiency that it would not otherwise have had. Five of the eight divisions in the North Korea People's Army-the 1st, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th (12th) Divisions-had in their ranks substantial numbers of CCF soldiers of Korean extraction. The 5th, 6th, and 7th (12th) Divisions had the largest number of them. Also, many of the NKPA units that did not have rank and file soldiers from the CCF did have officers and non-commissioned officers from it. [7]
Special mention needs to be made of the N.K. 5th, 6th, and 7th Divisions. In July 1949 the Chinese Communist Forces transferred all non-Koreans in the CCF 164th Division, then stationed in Manchuria, to other Chinese divisions and filled the 164th with Korean re-placements. Near the end of the month the division, about 7,500 strong, moved by rail to Korea where it reorganized into the 10th, 11th, and 12th Rifle Regiments of the N.K. 5th Division. [8]
At the same time, in July 1949, the CCF 166th Division moved to Korea and reorganized into the 13th. 14th, and 15th Regiments of the N.K. 6th Division. The story of the Koreans in this division goes back to 1942 when the Chinese Communists formed a Korean Volunteer Army largely with deserters from the Japanese Kwantung Army. This division had a strength of about 10,000 men when it entered Korea; there 800 replacements brought it to full strength. [9]
[6] GHQ FEC, History of the N.K. Army, pp. 3, 8-24; DA Intel Rev, Sep 51, Nr 184, p. 18; Ibid., Mar 51, Nr 178, p. 36; ATIS Res Supp Interrog Rpts, Issue 99 (N.K, 12th Div), p. 41. PW Interrog estimates of number of CCF veterans in the N.K. 1st, 4th, 5th, and 6th Divisions. See ATIS Res Supp Interrog Rpts, Issues 94, 95, 100. [7] ATIS Res Supp Interrog Rpts, Issue 100 (N.K. 6th Div), p. 29: Issue 94 (N.K. 4th Div), p. 41; GHQ FEC, History of the N.K. Army, pp. 23-24. [8] ATIS Res Supp Interrog Rpts, Issue 96 (N.K. 5th Div), p. 37: GHQ FEC, History of the N.K. Army, p 23. [9] ATIS Res Supp Interrog Rpts, Issue 100 (N.K. 6th Div), pp. 27-29 GHQ FEC, History of the N.K. Army, p. 23.
Page 10 SOUTH TO THE NAKTONG, NORTH TO THE YALU
In February 1950 all Korean units in the Chinese Manchurian Army assembled in Honan Province. They numbered about 12,000 men drawn from the CCF 138th, 140th, 141st, and 156th Divisions. Some of them had participated in the Chinese Communist advance from Manchuria to Peiping, and all were veteran troops. In the first part of April these troops moved by rail to Korea. In the Wonsan area these CCF veterans re-organized into the 1st, 2d, and 3d Regiments of the N.K. 7th Division. [10]
In addition to these three divisions, the N.K. 1st and 4th Divisions each had one regiment of CCF veterans. All the units from the CCF Army upon arrival in North Korea received Soviet-type arms and North Korean uniforms and were retrained in North Korean tactical doctrine, which closely followed the Russian.
In March 1950 North Korea activated two new divisions: the 10th, around Manchurian-trained units, and the 15th, with men from three youth-training schools and veteran Communist officers and noncommissioned officers. Although activated in March, the 15th Division received most of its troops near the end of June-after the invasion had started. In early June the 13th Division was activated; the last one to be activated before the invasion of South Korea. [11]
By June 1950, the 105th Armored Regiment had become the 105th Armored Brigade with a strength of 6,000 men and 120 T34 tanks. Its equipment-tanks, weapons, and vehicles-was Russian-made. The brigade had three tank regiments-the 107th, 109th, and 203d-each with 40 tanks, and a mechanized infantry regiment, the 206th, with a strength of about 2,500 men. A tank regiment had three medium tank battalions, each having 13 tanks. The battalions each had three tank companies with 4 tanks to a company. Tank crews consisted of five men. Battalion, regimental, and division tank commanders each had a personal tank. The 105th Armored Brigade was raised to division status in Seoul at the end of June 1950 before it crossed the Han River to continue the attack southward. [12]
In addition to the 120 tanks of the 105th Armored Brigade, the better part of another tank regiment appears to have been available to North Korea in late June. Thirty tanks reportedly joined the N.K. 7th (12th) Division at Inje in east central Korea just before it crossed the Parallel. [13] This gave North Korea a total of 150 Russian-built T34 tanks in June 1950.
In the six months before the invasion, a defensive-type army of 4 divisions and an armored regiment had doubled in strength to form 7 combat-ready divisions and an armored brigade. And there were in addition 3 other newly activated and trained divisions, and 2 independent regiments.
The North Korean ground forces-the NKPA and the Border Constabulary-in June 1950 numbered about 135,000 men. This estimated total included 77,838 men in seven assault infantry divi-
[10] ATIS Res Supp Interrog Rpts, Issue 99 (N.K. 12th Div), pp. 41- 44; GHQ FEC, History of the N.K. Army, p. 23. [11] GHQ FEC, History of the N.K. Army, p. 24; ATIS Res Supp Interrog Rpts, Issue 104 (N.K. 10th and 13th Divs), pp. 43, 57. [12] ATIS Res Supp Interrog Rpts, Issue 4 (N.K. 105th Armd Div), pp. 27-37. [13] Ibid., Issue 99 (N.K. 12th Div), p. 42. [14] DA Intel Rev, Mar 51, Nr 178, p. 38.
ARMED FORCES OF NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA Page 11
signs, 6,000 in the tank brigade, 3,000 in an independent infantry regiment, 2,000 in a motorcycle regiment, 23,000 in three reserve divisions, 18,600 in the Border Constabulary, and 5,000 in Army and I and II Corps Headquarters. [15]
The North Korean infantry division at full strength numbered 11,000 men. It was a triangular division composed of three rifle regiments, each regiment having three battalions. [16] The division had as integral parts an artillery regiment and a self-propelled gun battalion.
There were also medical, signal, anti-tank, engineer, and training battalions, and reconnaissance and transport companies.
The artillery support of the North Korean division in 1950 closely resembled that of the older type of Soviet division in World War II. A division had 12 122-mm. howitzers, 24 76-mm. guns, 12 Su-76 self-propelled guns, 12 45-mm. antitank guns, and 36 14.5-mm. antitank rifles. In addition, the regiments and battalions had their own supporting weapons. Each regiment, for instance, had 6 120-mm. mortars, 4 76-mm. howitzers, and 6 45-mm. antitank guns. Each battalion had 9 82-mm. mortars, 2 45-mm. antitank guns, and 9 14.5-mm. antitank rifles. The companies had their own 61-mm. mortars. A North Korean rifle regiment at full strength numbered 2,794 men-204 officers, 711 noncommissioned officers, and 1,879 privates. [17]
From the beginning the Soviet Union had been the sponsor for the NKPA and had provided it with the sinews of war. Most important at first were the Russian-built T34 tanks of the 105th Armored Brigade. The T34 was a standard medium tank in the Soviet Army at the end of World War II. The Russians first used this tank against the Germans in July 1941. Guderian gives it the credit for stopping his drive on Tula and Moscow. [18] The T34 weighed 32 tons, was of low silhouette, had a
[15] The estimate of 135,000 is based on the following tabulation, drawn principally from N.K. PW interrogation reports:
Total | 135,438 |
1st Div | 11,000 |
2d Div | 10,838 |
3d Div | 11,000 |
4th Div | 11,000 |
5th Div | 11,000 |
6th Div | 11,000 |
7th (12th) Div | 12,000 |
10th Div | 6,000 |
13th Div | 6,000 |
15th Div | 11,000 |
776th Ind Inf Unit | 3,000 |
12th MTsP (Motorcycle Regt) | 2,000[a] |
105th Armored Brig | 6,000 |
B.C. 1st Brig | 5,000 |
B.C. 2d Brig | 2,600[a] |
B.C. 3d Brig | 4,000[a] |
B.C. 5th Brig | 3,000[a] |
B.C. 7th Brig | 4,000[a] |
Army, I and II Corps Hq | 5,000[a] |
[a] Indicates the figure is based on U.S. military intelligence or strong inferential data but not on extensive PW reports or order of battle documents. No figure for the strength of II Corps, organized about 12 June 1950 has been found. The strength for Army, I, and II Corps Headquarters possibly should be increased to 6,000-7,000. N.K. I Corps was activated about 10 June 1950. See GHQ FEC, History of the N.K. Army pp. 41-43. According to some PW reports, there was a 17th Motorcycle Regiment in the enemy's order of battle at the beginning of the invasion The KMAG report for the semiannual period ending 15 June 1950 gives, a total North Korean ground force estimate of 117,357 men, including 64,372 for the North Korea People's Army and 27,600 for the Border Constabulary. The ROK Army G-2 estimate of North Korean strength, according to Capt. Frederick C. Schwarze (Asst G-2 Adviser to ROK Army in Seoul when the invasion occurred) was 175,000. Schwarze, Notes for author. [16] The 12th Division had a strength of 12,000. [17] ATIS Res Supp Interrog Rpts, Issue 106 (N.K. Arty), Chart, p. 32: Issue 100 (N.K. 9th Div), p. 49; GHQ FEC, History of the N.K. Army, Charts 3b,-8. [18] General Heinz Guderian. Panzer Leader (New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., Inc., 1952), pp. 162, 233-38.
Page 12 SOUTH TO THE NAKTONG, NORTH TO THE YALU
broad tread, and was protected by heavy armor plate. It mounted an 85-mm. gun and carried two 7.62-mm. machine guns, one mounted on the bow and the other coaxially with the gun. [19]
Other ordnance items supplied to the NKPA by the Soviets included 76-mm. and 122-mm. howitzers; 45-mm. guns; 76-mm. self-propelled guns; 45-mm. antitank guns; 61-mm., 82-mm., and 120-mm. mortars; small arms; ammunition for these weapons; and grenades. From the Soviet Union North Korea also received trucks, jeeps, radios, and fire control, signal, and medical equipment. [20]
In the spring of 1950 the Soviet Union made particularly large shipments of arms and military supplies to North Korea. One captured North Korean supply officer stated that in May 1950, when he went to Ch'ongjin to get supplies for the N.K. 5th Division, Soviet merchant ships were unloading weapons and ammunition, and that trucks crowded the harbor waterfront area. Korean-speaking crew members told him the ships had come from Vladivostok. Markings on some of the North Korean equipment captured in the first few months of the Korean War show that it was manufactured in the Soviet Union in 1949-50 and, accordingly, could not have been materiel left behind in 1948 when the occupation forces withdrew from North Korea, as the Soviets have claimed. [21]
North Korea began the war with about 180 aircraft, all supplied by Russia. Of these about 60 were YAK trainers; 40, YAK fighters; 70, attack bombers; and 10, reconnaissance planes. The North Korean Navy had approximately 16 patrol craft of various types and a few coastwise steamers reportedly equipped with light deck guns. [22]
The Republic of Korea Armed Forces
In June 1950 President Syngman Rhee was Commander in Chief of the South Korean Army. Under him was Sihn Sung Mo, the Minister of National Defense. The Deputy Commander in Chief actually in command of the Army was Maj. Gen. Chae Byong Duk.
The origins and development of an
[19] Not until the end of the third week of the war did American intelligence settle on the identification of the T34 tank. Characteristics of the Russian-built T34 medium tank used by the North Koreans: Weight (combat-loaded) ............................... 35 short tons Length (not including gun) ........................... 19.7 feet Width (over-all) ..................................... 9.8 feet Width (between track centers) ........................ 8.0 feet Height (to top of turret) ............................ 7.9 feet Ground clearance ..................................... 1.3 feet Turret traverse ............................. 360° hand and electric Rate of fire (85-mm. gun) ................... 7-8 rounds per minute Ammunition carried .......................... 85-mm. 55 rounds 7.62-mm. 2,745 rounds Engine Type ...................................... 12 cylinder, Diesel Horsepower ................................ 493 Fuel Type ...................................... Diesel Capacity (main tanks) ..................... 143 gallons Performance Maximum speed ............................. 30-34 miles per hour Source: EUSAK WD, 8 Sep 50, an. 1, to G-2 PIR 58. [20] ATIS Res Supp Interrog Rpts, Issue 106 (N.K. Arty), pp. 1-40; DA Intel Rev, Mar 51, Nr 178, pp. 54, 56; Ibid., Jun 51, Nr 181, pp. 26-27; Rpt, USMAG to ROK, 1 Jan-15 Jun 50, sec. III, p. 6. [21] ATIS Res Supp Interrog Rpts, Issue 96 (N.K. 5th Div), p. 38; GHQ FEC, History of the N.K. Army, p. 24; DA Intel Rev, Mar 51, Nr 178, pp. 54-56. [22] Rpt, USMAG to ROK, 1 Jan-15 Jun 50, sec. III, p. 6; Capt Walter Karig, Comdr Malcolm W. Cagle, and Lt. Comdr Frank A. Manson, "Battle Report Series," vol. VI, Battle Report, The War in Korea (New York and Toronto: Farrar and Rinehart, 1952), p. 67.
ARMED FORCES OF NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA Page 13
armed force in South Korea had their roots, as in North Korea, in the occupation period after World War II. At first the principal objects of the U.S. occupation were to secure the surrender of the Japanese troops south of the 38th Parallel, return them to Japan, and preserve law and order until such time as the Koreans could do this for themselves.
In January 1946 a Korean constabulary was authorized and established. This organization took form so slowly that a year later it numbered only 5,000 men. By April 1947, however, it had doubled in strength and by July of that year it had reached 15,000. The constabulary became the Republic of Korea (ROK) Army in August 1948 and grew so rapidly in the next few months that by January 1949 it numbered more than 60,000 men. [23] In March 1949 the Republic of Korea had an Army of 65,000, a Coast Guard of 4,000, and a police force of 45,000-a total security force of about 114,000 men. The United States had equipped about 50,000 men in the Army with standard infantry-type weapons and materiel, including the M1 rifle and 60-mm. and 81-mm. mortars. [24]
Upon withdrawal of the last of the U.S. occupation force at the end of June 1949 a group of 482 United States military advisers began working with the South Korean Army. This small group of U.S. Army officers and enlisted men, established on 1 July 1949 with an authorized strength of 500 men, was called the United States Korean Military Advisory Group to the Republic of Korea (KMAG). Its mission was "to advise the government of the Republic of Korea in the continued development of the Security Forces of that government." [25] KMAG was an integral part of the American Mission in Korea (AMIK) and, as such, came under the control of Ambassador Muccio. In matters purely military, however, it was authorized to report directly to the Department of the Army and, after co-ordinating with Ambassador Muccio, to inform General MacArthur, the Commander in Chief, Far East (CINCFE), of military matters.
In April 1950 the South Korean Government began the formation of combat police battalions to relieve the Army of internal security missions, but of twenty-one battalions planned only one, that activated at Yongwol on 10 April 1950 to provide protection for the power plant, coal mines, and other vital resources in that vicinity, was in existence when the war started.
By June 1950 the Republic of Korea armed forces consisted of the following: Army, 94,808; Coast Guard, 6,145; Air
[23] Sawyer, KMAG MS, pts. I and II. This is the best available study on KMAG policies and operations in Korea. [24] The Conflict in Korea, p. 9. [25] Rpt, USMAG to ROK, 1 Jan-15 Jun 50, Annex 1. The Department of the Army in a message to General MacArthur dated 10 June 1949 established KMAG. It became operational in Korea on 1 July 1949. Msg, G-3 Plans and Opns to CINCFE WARX90049, 10 Jun 49. The KMAG personnel present for duty 1 July 1949 numbered 482: 165 officers, 4 warrant officers, and 313 enlisted men. Sawyer, KMAG MS; Msg, WX90992, DA to CG USAFIK, 2 Jul 49, cited in General Headquarters Support and Participation, 25 June 1950-30 April 1951, by Maj. James F. Schnabel (hereafter cited as Schnabel, FEC, GHQ Support and Participation in Korean War), ch. I, pp. 4.-5. This is Volume I of Far East Command, United Nations Command, History of the Korean War, in OCMH.
14 Page SOUTH TO THE NAKTONG, NORTH TO THE YALU
[Caption] SOUTH KOREAN TROOPS stand for inspection by the Korean Minister of Defense and members of KMAG at Ch'unch'on in July 1949.
Force, 1,865; National Police, 48,273. When the war began nearly a month later the Army had a strength of about 98,000, composed of approximately 65,000 combat troops and 33,000 headquarters and service troops. [26]
In June 1950 the combat troops of the ROK Army were organized into eight divisions: the 1st, 2d, 3d, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, and Capital Divisions. Five of them, the 1st, 2d, 6th, 7th, and Capital, had 3 regiments; two divisions, the 3d and 8th, had 2 regiments; and one division, the 5th, had 2 regiments and 1 battalion. Only four divisions, the 1st, 6th, 7th, and Capital, were near full strength of 10,000 men.
The organization of the combat divisions and their present-for-duty strength are shown in Table 1. For some unknown reason the ROK Army headquarters report, on which Table 1 is based, does not include the 17th Regiment. It numbered about w,500 men and was
ARMED FORCES OF NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA Page 15
Unit | Present | Division Total |
Total | 64,697 | |
1st Infantry Division Col. Paik Sun Yup, CO |
1,882 | 9,715 |
11th Regiment | 2,527 | |
12th Regiment | 2,728 | |
13th Regiment | 2,578 | |
2d Infantry Division Brig. Gen. Lee Hyung Koon, CO |
1,397 | 7,910 |
5th Regiment | 1,895 | |
16th Regiment | 2,408 | |
25th Regiment | 2,210 | |
3d Infantry Division Col. Yu Sung Yul, CO (Brig. Gen. Lee Joon Shik took command of 3d Div on 10 Jul 50). |
1,826 | 7,059 |
22d Regiment | 2,646 | |
23d Regiment | 2,587 | |
5th Infantry Division Maj. Gen. Lee Ung Joon, CO |
2,274 | 7,276 |
15th Regiment | 2,119 | |
20th Regiment | 2,185 | |
1st Separate Battalion | 698 | |
6th Infantry Division Col. Kim Chong O, CO |
2,245 | 9,112 |
7th Regiment | 2,411 | |
8th Regiment | 2,288 | |
19th Regiment | 2,168 | |
7th Infantry Division Brig. Gen. Yu Jae Hung, CO |
2,278 | 9,698 |
1st Regiment | 2,514 | |
3d Regiment | 2,487 | |
9th Regiment | 2,419 | |
8th Infantry Division Col. Lee Jung Il, CO |
1,923 | 6,866 |
10th Regiment | 2,476 | |
21st Regiment | 2,467 | |
Capital Infantry Division Col. Lee Chong Chan, CO |
1,668 | 7,061 |
2d Regiment | 2,615 | |
18th Regiment | 2,778 | |
17th Regiment Col. Paik In Yup, CO |
(2,500) |
Source: ROK Army Hq, Consolidated Morning Rpt, 1 Jun 50.
Page 16 SOUTH TO THE NAKTONG, NORTH TO THE YALU
part of the Capital Division in the paper organization of the Army. [27]
In the early summer of 1950 the 1st, 7th, 6th, and 8th Divisions, considered the best in the ROK Army, held positions along the Parallel in the order named, from west to east. Beyond the 1st Division at the extreme western end of the line was the 17th Regiment of the Capital Division on the Ongjin Peninsula. The other four divisions were scattered about the interior and southern parts of the country, three of them engaged in antiguerrilla activity and training in small unit tactics. The Capital Division's headquarters was at Seoul, the 2d's at Ch'ongju near Taejon, the 3d's at Taegu, and the 5th's at Kwangju in southwest Korea. [28]
The South Korean divisions along the Parallel were equipped mostly with the United States M1 rifle, .30-caliber carbine, 60-mm. and 81-mm. mortars, 2.36-in. rocket launchers, 37-mm. antitank guns, and 105-mm. howitzers M3. The howitzers had been used in the U.S. infantry cannon companies in World War II. They had a shorter barrel than the regular 105-mm. howitzer M2, possessed no armor shield, and had an effective range of only 7,250 yards (8,200 yards maximum range) as compared to 12,500 yards for the 105-mm. howitzer M2. There were five battalions of these howitzers organized into the usual headquarters and service companies and three firing batteries of five howitzers each. The 1st, 2d, 6th, 7th, and 8th Divisions each had a battalion of the howitzers. A sixth battalion was being formed when the war started. [29] Of 91 howitzers on hand 15 June 1950, 89 were serviceable. The South Korean armed forces had no tanks, no medium artillery, no 4.2-in. mortars, no recoilless rifles, and no fighter aircraft or bombers. The divisions engaged in fighting guerrillas in the eastern and southern mountains had a miscellany of small arms, including many Japanese Model 99 World War II rifles.
In October of 1949 the ROK Minister of Defense had requested 189 M26 tanks but the acting chief of KMAG told him the KMAG staff held the view that the Korean terrain and the condition of roads and bridges would not lend themselves to efficient tank operations. About the same time a KMAG officer pointed out to Ambassador Muccio that the equipment provided the
[27] Interv, author with Maj Gen Chang Chang Kuk (Military Attaché, Korean Embassy, Washington), 14 Oct 53. General Chang was G-3 of the ROK Army in June 1950. Rpt, USMAG to ROK, 1 Jan-Jun 50, Annex IX. Major Hausman says he always considered 10,000 as the table of organization strength of a South Korean division. Some references give the figure as 9,500. General Chang said the ROK Army considered 9,000-9,500 as T/O strength of a division in June 1950. Spelling of names and rank as of June 1950 checked and corrected by General Chang and by General Paik Sun Yup, ROK Chief of Staff, in MS review comments, 11 July 1958. In accordance with Korean usage, the surnames come first, the name Syngman Rhee is one of the rare exceptions to this rule. Korean personal names ordinarily consist of three monosyllables. [28] Rpt, USMAG to ROK, 1 Jan-15 Jun 50; EUSAK WD, Prologue, 25 Jun-12 Jul 50; Interv, author with Col Rollins S. Emmerich, 5 Dec 51 (Emmerich was KMAG senior adviser to the ROK 3d Division in 1950). [29] Rpt, USMAG to ROK. 1 Jan-30 Jun 50, Annex X; Interv, author with Maj Hausman; Col William H. S. Wright, Notes for author, 1952 (Wright was CofS and Acting CO of KMAG at the time of the invasion).
ARMED FORCES OF NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA Page 17
ROK's was not adequate to maintain the border, and he cited the fact that North Korean artillery out-ranged by several thousand yards the ROK 105-mm. howitzer M3 and shelled ROK positions at will while being out of range of retaliatory fire.
The ROK Army in June 1950 had among its heavier weapons 27 armored cars; something more than 700 artillery pieces and mortars, including 105-mm. howitzers and 81-mm. and 60-mm. mortars; about 140 antitank guns; and approximately 1,900 2.36-in. bazookas. In June 1950 it had about 2,100 serviceable U.S. Army motor vehicles for transportation, divided between about 830 2 1/2-ton trucks and 1,300 1/4-ton trucks (jeeps). Motor maintenance was of a low order. [30]
The South Korean Air Force in June 1950 consisted of a single flight group of 12 liaison-type aircraft and 10 advance trainers (AT6). Maj. Dean E. Hess, KMAG adviser to the South Korean Air Force, had a few (approximately 10) old F-51 (Mustang) planes under his control but no South Korean pilots had yet qualified to fly combat missions. These planes were given to the ROK Air Force on 26 June 1950.
On 25 June the South Korean Navy consisted of a patrol craft (PC701) recently purchased in the United States from surplus vessels, 3 other similar patrol craft at Hawaii en route to Korea, 1 LST, 15 former U.S. mine sweepers, 10 former Japanese mine layers, and various other small craft. [31]
In June 1950 the ROK Army supply of artillery and mortar ammunition on hand was small and would be exhausted by a few days of combat. An estimated 15 percent of the weapons and 35 percent of the vehicles in the ROK Army were unserviceable. The six months' supply of spare parts originally provided by the United States was exhausted. [32]
The state of training of the ROK Army is reflected in the Chief of KMAG's report that a majority of the units of the South Korean Army had completed small unit training at company level and were engaged in battalion training. In summary, the North Korean Army in June 1950 was clearly superior to the South Korean in several respects: the North Koreans had 150 excellent medium tanks mounting 85-mm. guns, the South Koreans had no tanks; the North Koreans had three types of artillery-the 122-mm. howitzer, the 76-mm. self-propelled gun, and the 76-mm. divisional gun with a maximum range of more than 14,000 yards which greatly out-ranged the 105-mm. howitzer M3 of the ROK Army with its maximum range of about 8,200 yards. In number of divisional artillery pieces, the North Koreans exceeded the South Korean on an
[30] The original U.S. commitment in July 1949 was to supply the Korean Army with an issue of equipment and a six months' supply of spare parts for a force of 50,000. See Memo, Gen Roberts to All Advisers, KMAG, 5 May 50, sub: Korean Army Logistical Situation. The Department of State gives $57,000,000 as the value of military equipment given to South Korea before its invasion by North Korea, with a replacement cost at time of delivery to South Korea of $110,000,000. See The Conflict in Korea, p. 10. [31] Karig, et al., Battle Report, The War in Korea p. 68. [32] Rpt, USMAG to ROK, 1 Jan-15 Jun 50, sec. VI, pp. 18-22.
Page 18 SOUTH TO THE NAKTONG, NORTH TO THE YALU
average of three to one. [33] The North Koreans had a small tactical air force, the South Koreans had none. In the North Korean assault formations there were 89,000 combat troops as against approximately 65,000 in the South Korean divisions. Also, North Korea had an additional 18,600 trained troops in its Border Constabulary and 23,000 partially trained troops in three reserve divisions. In comparison, South Korea had about 45,000 national police, but they were not trained or armed for tactical use. The small coast guard or navy of each side just about canceled each other and were relatively unimportant.
The superiority of the North Korean Army over the South Korean in these several respects was not generally recognized, however, by United States military authorities before the invasion. In fact, there was the general feeling, apparently shared by Brig. Gen. William L. Roberts, Chief of KMAG, on the eve of invasion that if attacked from North Korea the ROK Army would have no trouble in repelling the invaders.
[33] The maximum range off the Soviet artillery used by the N.K. Army in June 1950 was as follows: 122-mm. howitzer, 12,904 yards; 76-mm. SP gun, 12,400 yards; 76-mm. divisional gun, 14,545 yards. The average North Korean division had 48 122-mm. howitzers, 76-mm. SP and non-SP guns; the ROK division had 15 105-mm. howitzers M3.
page updated 23 May 2001

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Main Page
Thanks for Visiting
This site should be available to you via HTTPS by default.
There is quite a bit of information here, some complete and some work in progress hopefully you will find something of interest here. Below are some links to some of the more popular pages here.
- 80Legs - The Most Annoying Web Crawler in the world
- PXE/Kickstart Rough Howto
- Using Netcat for Backup
- Blocking Bots with Squid
- Reverse Proxy with Squid - How to configure multiple webservers using one IP address.
- Postfix Header Checks - Block mail based on character encoding with Postfix
- Convert a Virtual Machine to Physical - How to convert a Linux Virtual Machine to a Physical one.
- Install Solaris 10 over a Network - Install Solaris 10 over a network.
- BSD Packet filtering Basics - BSD packet filter basics.
- Ferrari 248 F1 - Gallery of photos of Michael Schumachers 2006 F1 car taken on October 17th 2007
- Cork Harbour Fortifications - Information about Cork's Harbour Defences
- Lismore October 2007 - A small gallery of pictures taken in Lismore, Co. Waterford. October 10th 2007
- 1962 Storm - Small gallery of three pictures of the 1962 storm to hit Youghal.
- Old Mail Setup - Details of my old complicated mail setup.
- Reserve Defence Force - History of my service in the Irish Army Reserve Defence Force.
- Anatomy of an iMac - My poor little iMac. Gutted and then disposed of.
- Youghal Panoramic Photos - Panoramic photos of Youghal New
- The Dogs - Added a small gallery with pictures of the dogs.
- Youghal - Shamelessly plagerised the Youghal page from Wikipedia.
- Poor mans PDF - Created a new tutorial on creating PDF documents for free on Windows.
I've been working in I.T. since 1997. During that time I have amassed a rather large collection of computers and paraphenalia and now have the equivalent of a small data centre here at home. If you are interested in what I'm running, take a look at my equipment list. Former member of the Irish Army Reserve Reserve Defence Force.


text:
To my delight it was my little princess who gushed about Dahlia. My husband is determined to keep his little girl his little girl for as long as he can because kids only get the chance to be kids one time and for a few short years so he makes sure she understands and appreciates this time of her life. So when he saw her toting around Dahlia he was happy his little girl was still here.
The really cool bed, has now been placed on the floor next to our daughters bed and she's become so enamored with this doll that she wants a bed spread similar to her Dahlia's bed so now we're on the hunt for a pink floral print because it's a very mature look (her words, not mine!) To say Dahlia and the royal bed is a hit is an understatement, she's been a home run in our house and we're glad because it means our little girl will be our little girl for a little while longer.
a Rafflecopter giveaway
Disclosure: The reviews and or opinions on this blog are my own opinions . I received a doll and bed to review. No monitory compensation was received. I was not required to write a positive review. Your experience may differ. The opinions I have expressed are my own I am disclosing this in accordance with the Federal Trade Commissions 16 CFR Part 255: Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsement and Testimonials in Advertising .


text:
The game formerly known as Yoda Soccer has left beta and been unleashed upon the classic pixel soccer game world as YSoccer.
YSoccer version 14 |
If you never played Sensible Soccer, then you may not yet get what the fuss is all about - if that's the case then you should download it and give it a try!
Sadly football games are a little under served in the open source game community. Bygfoot and Eat the Whistle are quite playable, if a little raw. Project Football is almost a game. Open Football and Open World Soccer never quite got off the ground.
Project Football looked great but was last updated 4 years ago |
YSoccer stands out amongst them and deserves a bit more attention than it probably gets.
EDIT: I feel I was a little unfair to Open World Soccer. If you download 0.5 (the most recent release, from 2010) you can see it is quite close to being a playable game. It is by the same guys as YSoccer and was originally an attempt to get away from the proprietary language that YSoccer is written in. You could even say it was intended to be a full port of YSoccer from Blitzmax to C++ (the author suggests so).


text:
salmon and silverbeet wraps with labne
- ½ cup (75g) sesame seeds
- 800g skinless salmon fillets, cut into 8 pieces
- 2 tablespoons sesame oil
- 8 silverbeet (Swiss chard) leaves, trimmed
- 300g tub store-bought marinated labne (yoghurt cheese), drained
- 3 zucchini (courgettes), grated
- 1 cup radish sprouts+
- lemon wedges, to serve
- Place the sesame seeds on a large plate and roll the salmon in the seeds, pressing to coat all sides.
- Heat the oil in a large frying pan over medium heat and cook the salmon, in batches, for 3–4 minutes, turning, or until golden. While the salmon is cooking, place the silverbeet in a large bowl, cover with boiling water and allow to stand for 30 seconds. Drain and place in a bowl of iced water to refresh. Drain and pat dry with a clean tea towel.
- To serve, spread each silverbeet leaf with 2 tablespoons of the labne. Top with the zucchini, salmon, radish sprouts and roll to enclose. Serve with lemon wedges. Makes 8
+ You can substitute radish sprouts for any sprout you prefer.


text:
Press Release
Nashville Gang Member Sentenced For Shooting In Public Housing
For Immediate Release
U.S. Attorney's Office, Middle District of Tennessee
Gerald Edwin Farmer, aka HK, 24, of Nashville, Tenn., was sentenced today to 210 months (17 ½ years) in prison, announced David Rivera, U. S. Attorney for the Middle District of Tennessee.
Farmer, a Rollin' 40s Crips street gang member, pleaded guilty in June 2013 to being a felon in possession of ammunition which he used to shoot another person in the densely populated James Cayce public housing development, in Nashville, in November 2011. At that time, Farmer was on state probation for several offenses including an incident in which he shot at two other people. U.S. District Judge Todd Campbell ordered the federal sentence to run consecutively to a four year state sentence for that previous shooting incident.
"This sentence represents another case where we are working with our law enforcement partners to remove career criminals from our neighborhoods for long periods of time," said U.S. Attorney David Rivera. "Farmer's actions displayed a complete disregard for innocent life when he chose to fire several rounds in a densely populated area, near houses which were likely occupied by children and other innocent victims. When an individual resorts to this type of violence, a swift and appropriate response from the law enforcement community can be expected."
According to the facts presented at the guilty plea hearing, Farmer fired several shots at an individual in the housing development near South 7th Street and Shelby Avenue in Nashville. The victim was struck multiple times and subsequently hospitalized for several weeks. Farmer fled the area, but when later arrested, he admitted that he was at the scene of the shooting. Farmer falsely claimed that a specific juvenile had been with him and that the juvenile was actually the shooter.
The subsequent investigation by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, in conjunction with the Metropolitan Nashville Police Department, established that the juvenile was not even at the scene and that Farmer was the actual shooter. The firearm that Farmer used to shoot the victim was not recovered, but he was successfully prosecuted for possession of the ammunition which was used in the shooting.
ATF Special Agent in Charge Jeff Fulton said, "This joint investigation between ATF and the Metro Nashville Police Department illustrates the impact on reducing violent crime when agencies combine and coordinate their skills and resources. ATF remains dedicated to identifying, targeting, and investigating violent criminals who prey upon our citizens and lessen the quality of life in our neighborhoods. This investigation is an example of excellent investigative work and a job well done by the investigators."
Farmer's previous convictions included aggravated burglary, conspiracy to commit aggravated robbery, aggravated assault, and drug distribution, which qualified him as an Armed Career Criminal under federal law. Judge Campbell rejected Farmer's request for concurrent sentencing with his state offenses, finding that Farmer had a history of violent criminal conduct and that this offense "nearly resulted in death."
The investigation was conducted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives and the Metropolitan Nashville Police Department. Deputy Criminal Chief Harold McDonough and Assistant United States Attorney Sunny A.M. Koshy represented the United States.
Updated March 19, 2015


text:
- Northview High School in Grand Rapids, Michigan has a dedicated music and arts building, the Max Colley Jr. Performing Arts Center, which has been open since 1998 and houses a 750-seat auditorium used for concerts, plays, musicals and other events.
After 15 years, the limitations of the center's original live sound console were becoming all too apparent, prompting an upgrade to a Harman Soundcraft Si Performer 3 32-channel digital console with built-in DMX lighting control.
The school wanted to make the move from an analog to a digital console, but more importantly, it needed many more inputs than the previous console could provide.
"Over the years we've grown to where we use 20 wireless microphones, plus area microphones for the chorus and more for our larger musical productions—and by the time we'd get to miking the pit band we had run out of inputs," said Michael Frank, Performing Arts Center Director at "The Max." "We would have to patch in a second mixing board for the pit band, fed into an input of the main console. This got ugly as we couldn't mix the individual instruments in the pit band the way we needed to for monitors and didn't have enough control of the final mix."
Michael also wanted a console that wouldn't take up more space, since there was limited room in the auditorium's control booth. After doing his homework, and working with Bob McLaughlin of local dealer Central Interconnect, Frank determined the Soundcraft Si Performer 3 digital live sound console was the best solution, used with a 32-input Soundcraft Compact Stagebox.
"I was impressed by what the Si Performer 3 offered for the price," Frank said. "What you get for what you pay for is incredible."
Frank set up the Si Performer 3 console in the control booth and the Compact Stagebox on the auditorium's stage, using just two Cat5 cables to connect them together. This allows the wireless microphone receivers to be placed right next to him by the Si Performer 3 in case there's an issue where he might have to swap out a mic channel, and the convenience of placing the Compact Stagebox right by the stage where additional mics can be easily connected.
The Soundcraft Si Performer 3 provided another benefit Frank hadn't even considered at first. The console is so easy to use and understand that he's now training students on how to use the console, to the point where they can run the show and Frank said he "doesn't have to do anything but watch."
"In fact, with the training they receive with me, six of my students have gone on to work with the local stagehands union and a number of them have gone on to college as Technical Theater Majors," he added.
In particular, Michael and his students like the Si Performer 3's FaderGlow color-coded faders, the ability to choose from 14 mix outs and the built-in DMX 512 lighting control. During smaller productions and lectures, just one person can handle both sound and lighting.


text:
Although I can't say I am completely cured - I mean I love my new Live Natural and Cut the Crop Crops more than anything - but I do have a solution for all Lulu addicts that helps to keep more money in your wallet and still allows you to buy new, cute & functional workout clothing. Sure you sacrifice the ever famous Lululemon logo, but everything else is comparable and in some cases, even better.
For those that are new readers, a couple months ago, I told you how I started to break my Lululemon addiction by trying out Fabletics. Well, it's been months and I am still a huge fan! My Black Eureka Top has made it into regular rotation with my Lulu LS Swiftlys. And my camo crops...I seriously LOVE them. They're definitely comparable to all my Wunder Under Crops and are not sheer. Sweet.
So of course I was excited to see March's lineup since I skipped February - which by the way, is such a great feature of Fabletics. You can skip a month if you don't love anything or if you want to just save some money that month.
I immediately went for the aqua colored items and after much debating, I ended up selecting the Embodied outfit (below) which consists of the Norwalk Tank and the Foldover Lima Capris.
I already know I love the Limas since I have the camo version, so that was an easy sell. The Norwalk Tank, however, was tougher. The reviews are great and it's similar to my all time favorite tank from Lululemon, the No Limits Tank but some people were saying it was too loose. Also, I am a bit leery about the white being too sheer but I still gave it a go. I'll let you know how it is once I get it.
Now the fun part for all of you Lululemon Addicts...
If you want to try this awesome new line of workout clothing, you can sign up here (http://www.fabletics.com/invite/22586074) and get your first outfit for $25. That's pretty much comparable to a water bottle at Lululemon so you have pretty much no excuse to NOT try it. There is no long term contract. Once you get your new outfit, you can stop the whole deal without any hassle or you can keep it going and decide each month whether or not you want anything. As I mentioned, I skipped Feb and it was so easy to do. One click and done; not a penny spent or wasted.
Fabletics is not a total cure for a Lululemon addiction but it definitely helps. Without the initial 50% off, all items are still 30-50% less than equivalent Lulu items, so you are always saving money. I recommend you try at least try it out and see for yourself! Oh and if you have not already noticed, I am used my invite link so if you do sign up and use it, I'll love you forever. I was not compensated for any of my opinions but I do get points if you all sign up with my invite link. Points = free items and free items = happy Jill! So try it, ok?
Have you tried Fabletics yet or do you have a favorite workout brand? Share your experiences below, if so!
**Update - I received my items last week and am in LOVE with them. The tank is a bit sheer but somehow still really flattering - go figure. I will definitely order it again - especially if they have darker colors. I might even like it better than the No Limits tank which is a BOLD statement if you now my love for NL tanks! The crops I ordered are also pretty awesome. They are so comfy and the fold over waist is just perfect. It keeps the pants up but also does not create any kind of muffin top. I have no idea how it can do both but it does. Also, because you can fold it over, you can adjust the rise on them to your liking. I usually like a really low rise but on some days, I just want it higher. With these babies...you can do both! If you have not ordered Fabletics yet - DO it!!!!! Only a few more days until April items are released - $25 for an entire outfit - what are you waiting for!!! Sign up here!


text:
Sunday, August 28, 2011
My Rant About Artists Not Publishing Their Phone Numbers!!!
Disclaimer - The above video was produce by some nut job and willterry.blogspot.com cannot be held liable for opinions or expressions that may be contrary to this blog.
If you have questions or concerns please address them to him.
Thursday, August 18, 2011
Folio Academy is finally here!!!
I'm so proud and excited to announce our new creation - Folio Academy - online art lessons for everyone. You can check it out here. http://folioacademy.com
Back in October I was driving home from a long day teaching at UVU here in Utah and I heard a woman being interviewed by Dave Ramsey on the radio. I can't tell you her name or the name of her book because I was talking back skeptically and sarcastically. The woman was saying that EVERYONE has something they do in their spare time or professional life that they could use to earn extra income. I was thinking, "I'm an illustrator and a teacher...what else could I possibly have time for??!!!" It bugged me for about a week when a thought popped into my head - I teach...why not teach to the video camera and then sell the videos on my website???...I love teaching and video editing has been a little hobbie - so I did.
And then I heard the voices - "this is a waste of time"..."who do you think you are anyway?"..."you could be watching Flintstones re-runs." But I silenced the voices and forged ahead. In between a book project and some text book covers I grabbed 10 days where I basically didn't sleep. At the end of that torture session I emerged gleaming with my finished product: "How To Illustrate Children's Books". I was so proud. It was a labor of love indeed. I should probably back up a bit - I was lucky in that I have a programmer living with me - my brother in law - and he assured me that he was up to the task of programming my website so that we could sell streaming videos. He would take care of the tech end and I would take care of making the videos.
Because I had to jump right back into illustrator mode I was only able to spend one day marketing my little video series. I contacted a few illustration bloggers like Angela Matteson - Angelato and children's book blogs like Mark Mitchell's How To Be A Children's Book Illustrator and invited them to do a blog post and give-a-way of my video series. They accepted as did about 4 other bloggers and from there I started selling my videos. Every now and then someone who purchased my videos liked them enough to do a blog post on them like Paula Pertile who used the photoshop concepts I put in my videos to achieve an unbelievable digital version of her colored pencil drawings. I know I'm leaving a lot of wonderful people out but there are too many to mention...but Sue from Moab has been a great supporter!
Fast forward through a few more video series and I started getting asked by fellow artists about how my videos were selling and if I thought it was worth doing. Of course I told them I did but the problem most artists have is the programming side of selling videos from their own site. I put my head together with a few artist friends and together we decided to make a site available to artists of every kind. One of my illustrator friends said, "Can you imagine what it would have been like to have a resource like this when we were going to school?"
Artist Greg Newbold setting up for his video shoot
So our goal is to find the best artists from around the world and see what they have to teach. We've partnered with several local video studios like Amber Media Pro and Provo Creative and are inviting artists to come into the studio for a day and do their thang in front of the cameras. Of course not every artist can get to us so we'll also offer their videos if they can produce them themselves. We're of course small now but we plan to release one new video series per week. Over time there's no telling where this will go.
So, woman on the radio talking about monetizing your hobbie whoever you are - thank you! - and my apologies for doubting you.
Saturday, August 13, 2011
Should You Follow Your Dreams?
What kind of question is that? Of course you should...I mean, of course you shouldn't. I guess it depends on who you ask. I'm often asked questions like this by my students. They often want to know if it's possible to follow their dreams of becoming a professional artist/illustrator and can they make enough money to support themselves.
This is an impossible question to answer in a few short sentences. It's also probably impossible to answer yes or no. What I can do is offer my insights but, I would also council students to get opinions from other sources.
First, I believe that most successful artists have an internal drive to create. A need. A burning from within to draw, paint, sculpt, write, play, or whatever. I also see that this desire is stronger in some than others - think of it like "the force". And then there's that need to make money for survival. These two needs are often at odds with one another. Parents send their kids to school to prepare them for careers and everybody knows you can't make a living as an artist...or that the odds of making a living as an artist are pretty slim.
If you only look at the figures it's totally impractical to choose art as a career - score one for parents - but statistics can be misleading. Lets go off on a tangent...
In the United states there are approximately 8,000 poisonous snake bites each year. So if you live here you have a one in 43k chance of being bitten by a poisonous snake. However what if you're a home body - couch potato - a slug who lives in the city and never goes out? Are your chances the same? Also, would your chances go down if you never pick up snakes? Included in the 8,000 statistic are all of the 16-24 year old boys/men who "feel the need" to pick up snakes. In fact more than half of the 8,000 people bitten each year are morons who picked up poisonous snakes. So are your personal chances of being bitten really 1 out of 43k? I know I have a much lower chance taken these additional facts into consideration - I don't pick up snakes.
So how does this apply to your chances of "making it" as a professional artist? I think you need to take a hard look at yourself because in the end only you can answer the questions that can get you past the statistics.
Are you always creating? Drawing, painting, etc? Is it the most important thing in your life? Are you happy with the visualization of yourself doing something other than an art career? Do you give up other activities to pursue art? Do you identify yourself as an artist? Do you treat socializing on weekends as a sacred ritual or can you give it up to perfect your art projects? Do you have artist role models? Are you motivated to pursue entrepreneurial projects? Do you believe you can "make money" if you have a good product and are willing to work hard? Do you feel free to do what you want in life without the blessing of your parents, friends, or siblings? Do you like to improvise and experiment or feel the need to follow instructions on projects to a fault? Do you over-estimate your artistic abilities? - you should if you want to go for it.
These are just a few questions I think you need to be able to answer in order to know if your odds are better or worse for being able to "make it" as a professional artist. I believe that some have a much better chance simply because of their life style, habits, and choices, while others have a horrible shot at it because it's just not that important to them.
In the end one thing's for sure: There are lots of people who regret not following their dreams and lots of people who have regrets about following their dreams. Each probably feel they should have taken the other path.
Friday, August 5, 2011
I Want To Dedicate My Book To Your Child?
I did this a few months ago for a different book - Now I have another book and I'm going to dedicate it to the lucky winner - one of your children or grandchildren! My kids are all too old to appreciate it and thank heavens I don't have any grandchildren yet. This is a re-telling of "The Little Ginger Bread Man" story by Helen Ketteman and she exchanged the ginger bread man for a fat sassy little corn cake.
1) You may only nominate one name.
2) It must be your child or grandchild.
3) The child has to be born (not cooking) and must be age 4 or younger.
4) The child can't already have a book dedicated to them.
5) You have to find me on Facebook and enter your nomination there.
I will choose a name out of a hat ON VIDEO and post it on FB On Sunday Aug 7th at 5:00 pm Mountain. Good Luck - I can't wait to see who wins!
Wednesday, August 3, 2011
Test Image
I was asked to complete a test image for a game project. I hope I get to do it because it's a really cool idea and the images would be really fun to render. I'm not allowed to discuss the concept but I had fun with this one! I started this image drawing in "brushes" on my ipad - then I brought the sketch into photoshop for the final rendering.
Being an illustrator has been a great career for my A.D.D. - there's always a new project, new image, new medium, etc to feed my distractions.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)


text:
Mozilla forwarded the following bit of news this evening:
Today, Mozilla announced the availability of Firefox 3.0 Beta 3, the third beta of the Firefox 3 open source browser.
Firefox 3 Beta 3 includes approximately 1300 individual changes from the previous beta, including fixes for stability, performance, memory usage, platform enhancements and user interface improvements
Please note that this is a Beta release, and that developments and further enhancements to the browser will be incorporated into the final product. Beta releases are geared toward Web developers and Mozilla's testing community in order to gain feedback before advancing to the next stage in the release process.
What's new and improved in Firefox 3 Beta 3:
More Secure:
One-click site info: Click the site icon in the location bar to see who owns the site and to check if your connection is protected from eavesdropping.
Malware Protection: Malware protection warns users when they arrive at sites which are known to install viruses, spyware, trojans or other malware.Easier to Use:
New Download Manager: The new Firefox download manager makes it much easier to locate downloaded files, and displays the file's source.
Podcasts and Videocasts can be associated with your media playback tools.
Native Look and Feel: New icons, themes and new platform-specific features make Firefox 3 look like a native application on all major operating systems.More Personal:
Star icon: Quickly add bookmarks from the location bar with a single click; a second click lets you file and tag them.
Tags: Associate keywords with your bookmarks to sort them by topic.
Smart location bar & auto-complete: Type in all or part of the title, tag or address of a page to see a list of matches from your history and bookmarks; a new display makes it easier to scan through the matching results and find that page you're looking for. New in Beta 3 is an improved search algorithm which calculates the recency and frequency of a visit to come up with a frecency score that is used to determine the most relevant results.
Add-ons Manager: The Add-ons Manager (Tools > Add-ons) can now be used to download and install a Firefox customization from the thousands of Add-ons available from our community add-ons website.Improved Performance:
Speed: Major architectural changes (such as the move to Cairo and a rewrite to how reflowing a page layout works) put foundations in place for major performance tuning which have resulted in speed increases that continue to increase page drawing speed in Beta 3.
Memory usage: Over 350 individual memory leaks have been plugged, and a new XPCOM cycle collector completely eliminates many more. Developers are continuing to work on optimizing memory use (by releasing cached objects more quickly) and reducing fragmentation. Beta 3 includes more than 50 improvements to memory use over the previous beta.For more details and the link to download, please view the DevNews post here.


text:
CCOF believes in being responsive and service oriented, We encourage clients to engage in open dialogue regarding organic certification issues because your complete satisfaction is our goal. CCOF wants to provide options should you disagree with a CCOF policy, service issue, or certification decision that relates to your business.
In these cases you are encouraged to contact the CCOF chief certification officer with your issue in writing; please reach out to email@example.com for the most up-to-date contact information. Information about appealing binding certification decisions is also available in the CCOF Certification Program Manual.
Any adverse action decision, such as proposed suspensions or revocations, made by CCOF may be appealed to the California State Organic Program or the National Organic Program.


text:
Memphis Magnificent Concrete Patios & Driveways
Proudly offering concrete driveways & concrete patios to our neighbors here in Memphis TN
Memphis Magnificent Concrete Patios & Driveways is proud to help handle any commercial or residential needs for our neighbors! Contact the team today if you are located in Western TN, and need concrete services!
Memphis is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is the seat of Shelby County in the southwest part of the state; it is situated along the Mississippi River. With a population of 633,104 at the 2020 U.S. census, Memphis is the second-most populous city in Tennessee, after Nashville. Memphis is the fifth-most populous city in the Southeast, the nation's 28th-largest overall, as well as the largest city bordering the Mississippi River and third largest Metropolitan statistical area behind Saint Louis, MO and the Twin Cities on the Mississippi River. The Memphis metropolitan area includes West Tennessee and the greater Mid-South region, which includes portions of neighboring Arkansas, Mississippi and the Missouri Bootheel.
Alcy - Ball, Annesdale Park, Barton Heights, Belle Meade, Bennington Park, Berclair, Brierwood, Bunker Hill, Central Gardens, Cherokee, Colonial Acres, Colonial View, Cooper-Young, Douglass, East Buntyn


text:
Colonial Williamsburg
Lester Cappon, the first director of Colonial Williamsburg's Department of Archives and Records.
Dave Doody
In the foundation's archives, Donna Cooke shelves materials in a climate-controlled room.
Dave Doody
Patty Walker scans a document to make a digital copy as director of archives Rosanne Butler watches.
Colonial Williamsburg
All documents, from parchment to paper to virtual ones and zeros, are perishable, but they narrate human history, such as this proclamation by Virginia Governor Frances Nicholson.
Barbara Lombardi
A Williamsburg soldier's Valley Forge letter expresses the private thoughts of one man. Historical documents include the private and the public, and if such items are lost, by negligence or decay, the record is diminished.
Barbara Lombardi
Patrick Henry's copy of his Stamp Act Resolves. Whatever its collector's value, its contents can be duplicated and disseminated.
Barbara Lombardi
On microfilm and in other media, such historical documents as this Salem Gazette report on the Battle of Yorktown can be preserved.
No Records, No History
by Christopher Geist
Colonial Williamsburg's first director of archives and records, a man adept in the practice of history as well as archival theory and management, knew original documents were central to either craft. His name was Lester J. Cappon, and he wrote:
Why does mankind create records and preserve them? The answer is carved in monumental stone: "What is past is prologue." This sophisticated motto, with its tone of universality, proclaims a perennial purpose, an irrefutable sequence, whether it be in the functioning of government, in the operation of private enterprise, or in the daily life of the person impelled by necessity or desire. Recorded experience, useful in countless ways, indispensable for some purposes of temporary or long-term value, soon becomes historical. The aphorism "No records, no history" is axiomatic, for these are the sources of history—written documents for the most part, but including oral documentation and artifacts of man's making, past and present.
Visitors to the National Archives in Washington, DC, can see 'What is past is prologue' carved on a statue outside the building. Cappon, who tended the Restoration's files from 1945 to 1952, thought much like an earlier Old Dominion archivist, Thomas Jefferson.
Jefferson? An archivist? Anyone who has delved into Jamestown and early Virginia history would add that title to the others Jefferson earned. Nearly a century and three-quarters after the English landed, he purchased a collection of loose Jamestown records from his cousin Peyton Randolph's estate, along with the library. The Library of Congress says, "It is a wonder that any originals from Jamestown survived at all." For nearly five decades, Jefferson preserved and curated the documents he acquired, sharing them carefully and selectively with scholars publishing collections of Virginia's statutes. The Library of Congress now tends them, the richest collection of Jamestown records in the country.
The Jamestown papers Jefferson rescued were incomplete and fragmented. Some early items burned in fires at the Virginia colony's first capital. Some may have been lost during conflicts with Native Americans. Others crumbled for lack of care. Politics had been a threat, too.
Jamestown was a creature of the Virginia Company of London, a joint-stock enterprise James I chartered in 1606. The failing business broke into factions led by Sir Thomas Smythe, its first chief executive, and Sir Edwin Sandys, who ousted Smythe to become its second. Sandys accused Smythe of concealing records of Smythe's administration to cover up mismanagement, and launched investigations. With the king's support, Sir Edwin led his majesty's opponents in the House of Commons—Smythe maneuvered to discredit Sandys and regain control, making cover-up allegations of his own. Sandys protected himself and evidence of how he conducted the Virginia business by duplicationg minutes of its meetings, or courts, and other records. As the Reverend Mr. William Stith of Williamsburg wrote in his 1747 Virginia history, Sandys had the documents privately "copied and compared, and authentically attested . . . in Vindication of his own and the Company's Reputation."
James's government dissolved the bankrupt Virginia Company in 1624, making the colony his and royal. The "Original Court-Books were taken from the Company by the King and Privy Council, and never again restored to them . . . probably destroyed or lost."
Sandys's copies, two bound court books, came into the hands of Virginia's William Byrd in England, and later were conveyed to Randolph's father, John, who contemplated writing a Virginia history, too, a project not completed. The records were in deplorable condition when Jefferson obtained them. January 16, 1796, he wrote to Williamsburg's George Wythe that the manuscripts "will not bear removal" from Monticello, their "being so rotten, that in turning over a leaf it sometimes falls into powder." To save the relics, Jefferson decided on "wrapping and sewing them up in oiled cloth, so that neither air nor moisture can have access to them." Jefferson's devices retarded deterioration and destruction until the Library of Congress's twentieth-century preservation practices stabilized the fragile sheets.
State Librarian H. R. McIlwaine published his Minutes of the Council and General Court of Colonial Virginia in 1924, noting in the introduction the importance of Jefferson's work. Jefferson's preservation of the Jamestown records was all the more important because "the great mass of the records of the General Court of Virginia . . . was destroyed in the burning of the State court building" as the Confederates evacuated Richmond on April 4, 1865.
Jefferson knew just how fragile were his state's documentary records. "Very early in the course of my researches into the laws of Virginia," he wrote, "I observed that many of them were already lost." He determined to "collect all that were then existing." It was an enormous task, one in which he said he "spared neither time, trouble, nor expense." Jefferson realized the almost transient condition of the records, and the folly of attempting to maintain a single copy of any document indefinitely. "All the care I can take of them," he wrote, "will not preserve them from the worm, from the natural decay of the paper, from the accidents of fire."
To his list he might have added floods, hurricanes, and tornadoes, as well as deliberate destruction by individuals suppressing information, dispersal to parts unknown by careless or dishonest officials, and sometimes the ravages of war. There were as well records "in the hands of careful or curious individuals, on whose death they would probably be used for waste paper."
Jefferson's solution? "The lost cannot be recovered; but let us save what remains: not by vaults and locks which fence them from the public eye and use, but by a multiplication of copies, as shall place them beyond the reach of accident." The printing press made his plan feasible, and at least twice he offered encouragement and access to his document collection to compilers publishing early records. Ebenezer Hazard used them in Historical Collections, a 1792–94 assemblage of records from British North America and the early history of the United States. In 1823, William Hening drew on Jefferson's collection for his Statutes at Large, Being a Collection of All the Laws of Virginia.
Jefferson's strategy of reliance on multiple copies is still in use, but what would he make of archival science in the twenty-first century? Surely, a man of his talent and intellectual curiosity would revel in touring a modern archival facility, but the volume of the materials now accessioned and the never-ending, daunting task of organizing and maintaining the collections would almost certainly overwhelm him. Although the task he set himself was large, when Jefferson sought to gather up all Virginia laws "then existing," it was realistic for an individual to contemplate such an undertaking. Many a modern archive numbers its items in the tens or hundreds of thousands or more, with Information Age potential for collections to grow exponentially.
Nowadays, collecting, preserving, and maintaining everything in a given archival category likely are impossible. That makes it important to gauge just what must be saved and for what purpose. Each archive's collections policy is central to addressing the problem. Dana Nemeth, director of Ohio's Wood County Historical Center, relies on selective collecting based on her institution's mission and collection development policies to keep from being overrun. Nemeth knows that "what is saved determines what will be told in the future," and this often dictates collaboration with other institutions. "What can we collect and take care of and be good stewards of the records?" is a concern because so many archives are underfunded. Sharing materials and information spreads financial and human resources and maximizes scholarly and public access to archival information.
Ann Bowers, archivist of the National Student Affairs Archives, raises another issue: "Does a document fit our collecting scope, and is it the best document for our collection and the best format?" More and more records preserved in archives do not exist solely, or at all, in paper format. Digital documents ranging from early computer tapes, to floppy discs, to hard drives and more contain information desired by historians and others. And what of Twitter and Facebook posts by prominent individuals? Email messages, websites, and blogs proliferate. How are originals distinguished from copies? And just what constitutes an "original document" in the digital age?
North Dakota's state archivist, Ann B. Jenks, says digital records are the greatest challenge facing her and her colleagues in the twenty-first century. Problems working with digital materials begin with "their preservation over the long term, the ability to access the records you want, making sure they have not been altered from the original, and figuring out how to pay for the continuous back up and migration of data as software and hardware change." Nemeth is also concerned about maintaining "old and outdated equipment to read older document formats"—necessary but straining tight budgets.
Archivists and scholars have faced some of these issues before. Using Sandys's Jamestown documents in their attested copies format offers scholars uncertainties. Have the documents been copied exactly? Is punctuation, capitalization, order, and emphasis preserved as in the original. What may have been added for political or other reasons? Are there careless or intentional omissions? The only difference today is the volume of records in myriad formats with which modern archivists must deal.
Archivists are in general agreement that, though it is important to conserve and preserve original documents, it is the information they contain that is of most value to historians. Jenks says, "Archivists are supposed to guess what might be useful to someone fifty or more years from now and on into the future. We are basing that on what is important to people now, so, at best, it is just a good guess." Often documents are microfilmed and, increasingly, scanned into computer formats. "Surrogate records are fine," Nemeth says; "it's the information that is important, not the tangible original. . . . Archives are not museums— we share information, not necessarily the original artifact." Others find surrogate records less than satisfactory. Bowers says, "Scanning can't take the place of original documents," but it can be necessary for the sake of storage space and preservation.
In addition to such threats as the ravages of time, there are such hazards as inks that fade quickly and others that rot paper. Exposure to sunlight damages or erases images. Some paper rapidly deteriorates. Magnetic fields destroy formats of electronic and digital documents. Adhesives and containers earlier archivists used sometimes damaged items. Scanning and microfilming are desirable when the issue is preservation of fragile or lone copies of primary documents. They make possible storage of documentary records in multiple sites, answering Jefferson's advice to "multiply and disperse copies" of historic records.
Jenks says that in North Dakota, "sometimes diaries and letters were microfilmed because of their fragile condition so that people could access the information without having to handle the item. Now these items would more likely be scanned to provide more access.
"In some cases we have filmed the proceedings of a county commission as a backup in the event the courthouse is damaged by flood, fire, tornado, etc. . . . We store the microfilm master in a vault and duplicates are located elsewhere." And for ultimate security, local and federal government agencies have access to abandoned underground mines in Kansas, Pennsylvania, and Kentucky to store microfilm masters. Multiplication of copies, indeed.
A subcommittee of the United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs convened a hearing May 14, 2008, titled "National Archives Oversight: Protecting Our Nation's History for Future Generations." Senator Thomas R. Carper, chairman, opened with a reference to Jefferson's reverence for history education. That protecting and preserving that history are related to homeland security is telling. Yet as the hearing progressed, the senators got a heavy dose of archival reality. Preserving the collective past is no easier in the digital age than it was when Jefferson scoured Virginia in search of fugitive statutes to add to his assemblage.
James S. Henderson, representing the Society of American Archivists, testified that digitization of documents "is a long-term royal pain and expense. . . . Electronic records are not, as everybody is saying, like the nice paper you put on the shelf that is going to last 400 years. It won't." In an appendix to the hearings' record, United States Archivist Allen Weinstein said that the federal government was swamping the National Archives and gobbling its resources with an explosion of electronic records, including "text documents, e-mails, web pages, digital images, videotapes, maps, spreadsheets, presentations, databases, satellite images, geographic information systems, and more." Sounding almost Jeffersonian, Weinstein said, "Unlike parchment or paper, electronic records can become inaccessible quite quickly" as hardware and software become obsolete "within years or months." Nevertheless, Weinstein offered hope. "Technology for preserving electronic records," he said, "is finally catching up with the technology for creating them."
Christopher Geist, professor emeritus at Ohio's Bowling Green State University, contributed the story "Virginia's Daughters" to the spring 2013 journal.


text:
• deism •
Pronunciation: dee-iz-êm • Hear it!
Part of Speech: Noun, mass (no plural)
Meaning: A reasoned religion that rejects miracles, revelations, and faith as its basis and relies solely on rationality and what is provable in nature. God created the universe, but exerts no influence on it now, leaving individual decisions up to the individual.
Notes: Deism differs from atheism in its acceptance of the notion of a supreme being. It differs from theism in its rejection of any supernatural influence of God in human affairs or any necessity to accept God on faith. A deist is someone who believes in deism. Deists are deistic in their thinking because they think deistically.
In Play: Today's is not a Good Word to joke with so we will keep our example a bit more sedate today: "Deism is opposed to atheism, or the denial of God; to pantheism, which denies or ignores the personality of God; to theism, which believes not only in God, but in his living relations with his creatures; and to Christianity, which adds a belief in a historical manifestation of God, as recorded in the Bible" (American Century Dictionary, p. 631).
Word History: Today's Good Word goes back to the Proto-Indo-European word deiwos "god". In Greek it became Zeus, the god of gods in the Greek pantheon. In Old English it became Tiu, the god of war and the sky, visible today in Tuesday. In Latin it became divus "divine", deus "god". Deus became dieu "god" in French, a part of the French parting adieu "(go) with God". It became Dio in Italian, Dios in Spanish, and Déu in Catalan, but remained Deus in Portuguese. Deiw- "god" + pitêr "father" (Latin pater) resulted in Jupiter, the principal god of the Romans. The alphabet of Sanskrit and many Indic languages today is called Devanagari "divine city (writing) from Sanskrit deva- "divine" + nagara- "city". (Today we thank a faithful subscriber, Suzanne Russell, for suggesting this absolutely divine Good Word.)
P.S. - Register for the Daily Good Word E-Mail! - You can get our daily Good Word sent directly to you via e-mail in either HTML or Text format. Go to our Registration Page to sign up today!


text:
Here's what you can win:
I Heart You, You Haunt Me by Lisa Schroeder
Night Runner by Max Turner
When It Happens by Susan Colasanti
The Pace by Shelena Shorts
Devil's Kiss by Sarwat Chadda
The Hollow by Jessica Verday
- There will be TWO winners.
- First place gets to choose any 2 books. Second place gets 1 book.
- This contest is international.
- You MUST be a follower to enter.
- +5 if you blog about this contest.
- +3 if you link to this contest in your sidebar.
- +1 if you tweet about or post this contest on facebook.
- Contest ends at 11:59pm EST on January 28, 2010.
- I will announce the winner on January 31, 2010.
Fill out the form below to enter.
I'm going to give google forms a try for the first time ever. Wish me luck!
Contest has ended. Check back January 31st to see who won!


text:
Stench Deployed Against 420 Rally In Colorado
The pungent smell of pot that blankets a popular quadrangle at the University of Colorado-Boulder every April 20 is being replaced by the stench of fish-based fertilizer Friday as administrators try to stamp out one of the nation's largest annual campus celebrations of marijuana.
After more than 10,000 people — students and non-students — attended last year's marijuana rally on Norlin Quadrangle, university officials decided this year to apply the stinky fertilizer to the quad to deter pot-smokers. They're also closing the campus Friday to all unauthorized visitors and offering a free campus concert by Haitian-born hip-hop star Wyclef Jean timed to coincide with the traditional 4:20 p.m. pot gathering.
The measures pit Colorado's flagship university, which has tired of its reputation as a top party school, against thousands who have assembled, flash mob-style, each year to demand marijuana's legalization or simply to have a good time.
With more than 30,000 students, Colorado was named the nation's top party school in 2011 by Playboy magazine. The campus also repeatedly ranks among the top schools for marijuana use, according to a "Reefer Madness" list conducted by The Princeton Review.
"We don't consider this a protest. We consider this people smoking pot in the sunshine," said university spokesman Bronson Hilliard. "This is a gathering of people engaging in an illegal activity."
"I do not see any justification for the university shutting it down," said student organizer Daniel Ellis Schwartz, who contends the measures infringe on First Amendment rights to protest. Schwartz, a physics major, and other supporters of the 4/20 smoke out plan to move it to a nearby park off-campus. He suggests there also will be some form of off-campus protest against the measures.
"We do have to play a game of chess with the authorities," Schwartz said.
Many students at the University of Colorado and other campuses across the country have long observed 4/20. The counterculture observation is shared by marijuana users from San Francisco's Golden Gate Park to New York's Greenwich Village.
The number 420 has been associated with marijuana use for decades, though its origins are murky. Its use as code for marijuana spread among California pot users in the 1960s and spread nationwide among followers of the Grateful Dead.
Like most counterculture slang, theories abound on its origin. Some say it was once police code in Southern California to denote marijuana use (probably an urban legend). It was a title number for a 2003 California bill about medical marijuana, an irony fully intended.
Others trace it to a group of California teenagers who would meet at 4:20 p.m. to search for weed (a theory as elusive as the outdoor cannabis crop they were seeking). Yet the code stuck for obvious reasons: Authorities and nosy parents didn't know what it meant.
In Colorado, recent 4/20 observations have blossomed alongside the state's medical marijuana industry. Approved by Colorado voters in 2000, medical marijuana boomed after federal authorities signaled in 2009 they would pursue higher-level drug crimes. All marijuana is illegal under federal law, though Colorado voters this November will consider a ballot measure to legalize it for recreational use by adults over 21.
A larger rally is planned for Denver near the state capitol on Friday and Saturday. Police have suggested they'll be taking a hands-off approach to the gathering, which could draw tens of thousands of people, said chief organizer Miguel Lopez.
Others are rebelling against the gatherings.
In Colorado, several high schools across the state are hosting drug-free events on Friday. The University of Colorado's student government supports the university's anti-4/20 actions this year. And other Colorado students created a Facebook campaign urging their colleagues to wear formal clothing to school on Friday to repudiate the party-school reputation.
Campus police officers will be stationed at school entrances, allowing in only those with university IDs or permission. Anyone on campus without proper ID could be ticketed for trespassing, which carries a maximum $750 fine and up to six months in jail, said campus police spokesman Ryan Huff.
Anyone caught smoking on campus will be ticketed, just as they would any other day, Huff said. That includes anyone with a medical marijuana card, which requires that consumption be in private.
Off campus, Boulder police could also issue tickets for people smoking pot, and the Colorado State Patrol will be watching for any motorists under the influence, Huff said.
"This is not about the war on drugs. It isn't even about marijuana per se," insisted Hilliard, the university spokesman. "Ten thousand to 12,000 (people) doing anything in the academic heart of the campus would be a problem.


text:
Celebrate Mother's Day with The Stars of Broadway
May 9th, 2020 | By Lily Robinson
The stars of Broadway invite you to spend Mother's Day with them for a celebratory explosion of musical numbers, comedy, special guests, and lots of surprises.
This digital variety show will feature tons of special guests from the great white way, including Bernadette Peters, Celia Keenan-Bolger, Laura Benanti, Betty Buckley, Carolee Carmello, Victoria Clark, Harvey Fierstein, Vanessa Williams, and LaChanze, plus sketches from Moulin Rouge! The Musical; Jagged Little Pill; Company; Tina: The Tina Turner Musical; Mean Girls; and more.
Click below to tune in to Broadway Does Mother's Day, streaming tomorrow, Sunday, May 10 at 3 P.M. ET.


text:
The City of White Rock is home to the only police detachment in the province that has more women in uniform than men.
According to data collected last year by Statistics Canada, White Rock RCMP also has the highest percentage of female officers nationally.
Last year, White Rock RCMP was made up of 24 officers, 14 of whom were women – about 58 per cent. With the inclusion of the newly appointed Staff Sgt. Kale Pauls last month, the ratio currently sits at 56 per cent in favour of women.
For context, Courtenay's RCMP detachment had the second highest percentage of women in the province at 37 per cent.
The most unbalanced detachment, according to 2018 data, was located in Salmon Arm, where all 17 officers were men.
Kwantlen Polytechnic University data visualization student Lisa Hedmark, who compiled the data for an assignment, said she wasn't too surprised by the results.
Provincially, only 24 per cent of officers last year were women. Nationally, that number dropped to 22 per cent.
Hedmark, 23, picked the assignment on gender equity in police forces because her family has a connection to what they felt was discrimination in the police hiring process.
When Hedmark was 13 years old, her mother applied to be a transit police officer and passed all of the exams and physical tests "with flying colours."
"I remember training with her when I was a kid.
"I would Rollerblade and she would run behind me to get ready for her physical," Hedmark said.
However, Hedmark said, her mother's application process came to a halt after she was questioned about her personal life, particularly when the interview focused on her being a single mother of four young children.
"We were living in poverty, and in Whalley, and I think there was a lot of other factors that added up to it, but the single mom of four definitely did not help our case," Hedmark said.
Hedmark said her mother eventually started her own successful business.
Pauls said it's just happenstance that White Rock has a majority of female officers.
Touching on his personal experience, Pauls told Peace Arch News Monday that throughout his 15-year career with the RCMP, about 50 per cent of his supervisors have been women.
Pauls described diversity – whether that's ethnically, culturally or through lived experience – as a strength for police, but added that women officers can improve the community's confidence in their work.
"I think that might include confidence in our understanding of violence-in-relationship investigations and sexual assault investigations," he said.
The data Hedmark organized shows that large police forces in the Lower Mainland scored poorly when it comes to gender equity, which Hedmark found "most shocking."
Municipal forces with more than 100 officers in the Lower Mainland that scored below the provincial average (23.95 per cent) include Burnaby (23.79 per cent); Surrey (20.28); Lower Mainland Integrated Teams (20.11); Delta (20); Richmond (18.78); Abbotsford (18.75); Greater Vancouver Transportation (17.65) and Port Moody (14.29).
Major Lower Mainland detachments that scored above the provincial average include Maple Ridge (32.73 per cent); Chilliwack (30.77); New Westminster (29.91); Coquitlam (28.05); Langley City (26.11); and Vancouver (25.43).
Across Canada, Hedmark found that there are only two municipal police forces that have more women than men in uniform, including White Rock's RCMP detachment.
The other force that has more women is an RCMP detachment located in Warman Sask., which has five female officers and four male officers.
The data can be found here, however not all police departments reported the gender of its officers.