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[John] found an old Kenmore electric heater at a junk store one day, and thought it would look great in his bathroom. The only problem with the unit is that it was built back in the 1940s/1950s, so it lacked any sort of modern safeguards that you would expect from an indoor heater. There was no on/off switch, no fuse, no thermostat, and no tip switch – though it did have a nice, flammable cloth-covered power cord.
Since [John] wasn't too keen on burning his house down in the name of staying warm, he decided to retrofit the old unit's shell with a new ceramic heater. He found a $20 unit that looked like it would fit, so he disassembled both heaters and got to work. The Kenmore's innards were scrapped, then he gave the unit a nice fresh coat of high-temp paint. The new heater was cut to fit inside the old unit's shell, controls and safety features intact.
He says that it works very well, and that it looks great in his bathroom. If you're considering doing something similar, be sure to check out his writeup – it is very thorough and has plenty of details that will help you along the way.


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"The Wolverine," starring Hugh Jackman as Marvel Comics' sharp- clawed superhero, slashed its way to $55 million in U.S. and Canadian ticket sales to claim the box office crown in a summer that hasn't been kind to some other big-budget action films.
"The Conjuring," the low-budget horror film that led last weekend's box office, slipped to second place with $22.1 million in domestic sales from Friday through Sunday, according to studio estimates. The film has generated nearly $84 million in overall ticket sales, a surprisingly strong showing for a film that cost just under $20 million to make.
The animated film "Despicable Me 2," featuring the voice of comic actor Steve Carell, finished third with $16 million in ticket sales in its fourth week in movie theaters. The film was made by Universal Pictures and has collected more than $660 million in ticket sales around the world.
Animated film "Turbo," about a super-speedy snail with dreams of racing in the Indy 500, took the No. 4 slot with sales of $13.3 million. Ryan Reynolds provides the voice for the title character in the film produced by "Shrek" creator DreamWorks Animation.
"The Wolverine" fell short of Hollywood insiders' $72 million weekend estimates, the latest in a string of big-budget action films that failed to meet expectations, though it performed strongly overseas.
In recent weeks "R.I.P.D.," "Pacific Rim," "The Lone Ranger," and "White House Down" all fizzled at the box office.
"We're incredibly happy with this result," said Chris Aronson, president of domestic distribution for 20th Century Fox, which distributed "The Wolverine."
"It's good news on a global scale, and this is a global business," Aronson said. The film took in more than $86 million internationally, for a total worldwide gross of $141 million.
"The Wolverine," which cost an estimated $120 million to make, stars Jackman in his sixth film as the ageless mutant, which is also featured in the "X-Men" movies. Those six films have generated $1.9 billion in worldwide ticket sales, according to the movie site Box Office Mojo.
The latest chapter was the lowest opening film in the "X-Men" franchise since the first film opened with $54.5 million in 2000, and fell far short of the $85 million take for the first Wolverine film, 2009's "X-Men Origins: Wolverine.
Reviews were mixed to solid on "Wolverine," with a 68 percent positive rating on review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes and the film received an A-minus CinemaScore rating based on moviegoers' input. Ticket site Fandango said the film grabbed 51 percent of advance sales, with 73 percent saying they would not want to see the film without Jackman in the lead role.
Aronson also pointed to the importance of the star as a huge draw at the worldwide box office. "We're going to be phenomenally successful at the end of the day," he said.
In limited release, comedy "The To Do List" earned just over $1.5 million from 591 theaters, close to its $1.5 million production cost. The movie stars Aubrey Plaza from NBC TV's "Parks & Recreation" as a high-school graduate who wants to lose her virginity before she heads to college.
"The Wolverine" was made by 20th Century Fox, a unit of Twenty-First Century Fox, which also distributed "Turbo." "The Conjuring" was released by Warner Bros., a unit of Time Warner Inc. Universal Pictures, a unit of Comcast Corp, released "Despicable Me 2." "The To Do List" was distributed by CBS Films, a unit of CBS Corp.

subset: commoncrawl


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This section includes general information on what is on these pages. This includes the creators of the site, the history of the FAQ itself, what a Land Rover is, as well as how to join the land-rover related mailing lists.
Start here for a brief description of the site's gestalt. We hope you enjoy it. There is a good deal of useful information on the site which we have been compiling since the early 1990s.
Land Rover Series I 80 Inch Specifications:
Initial Production Date: 1948 Length: 11 feet Width: 5 feet 1/2 inch Height: 6 feet Wheelbase: 80 inches Track: 4 feet 2 inches Top Speed: 57.75 mph Accelleration 0-60: Ummm.... see above Fuel Mileage: About 21mpg Construction: Aluminum body on steel box frame Engine: 1.6 Liter 4 cylinder petrol, overhead inlet side exhaust valves in a cast iron block, roller tappet camshaft, 55 horsepower Horsepower: 50hp Compression Ratio: 6.8 to 1 Fuel System : Single Solex down draft carburetor, electric Lucas diaphragm type fuel pump Fuel Capacity: 10 gallons Electrical System: 12 volt positive earth Oil Capacity: 5 quarts Transmission: Full time four wheel drive with a freewheeling transfer case. Four speed main gearbox with synchromesh on 3rd and 4th gears Transfer Case: Two speed Hi/Low range with internal lockable differential. Provision for Power Takeoff units Power Takeoff: Available at front, center, and rear. PTO options included a capstain winch, circular saw, thresher, brush mower, snow thrower, welder generator, hydraulic pump, belt drive drum, and other various farm impliments Clutch: Hydraulically actuated dry clutch plate Braking System: Hydraulically actuated 9 inch drum brakes Axles: Beam type, open differential with leaf springs Tires: 6.00 X 16 inches Price: £450 (In 1947 that was a LOT of money! Even for a LandRover!)


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The petition against the television personality is unwarranted -- and unjust
CNN's Piers Morgan isn't exactly someone you'd ordinarily rush to defend. The former British tabloid editor, judge of "America's Got Talent," and replacement host of Larry King's former talk show spot, doesn't exactly reach the criteria for someone worth caring that much over.With that said, Morgan's recent stance on gun control in America is commendable -- and the response to it from gun owners is deplorable.
Morgan recently came out in favor of stricter gun control laws in the wake of the Sandy Hook shooting, which took the lives of twenty children and six adults. Morgan berated a gun rights spokesman on his show, calling him a "stupid" and "dangerous man."
Perhaps Morgan's response wasn't the most cordial one. But it's still his to make, and for us to accept or push aside, however legitimate we deem it to be.
Yet, because of his comments, right wing gun supporters have posted a petition on the White House's website, urging President Obama to deport the television personality.
The petition states:
British Citizen and CNN television host Piers Morgan is engaged in a hostile attack against the U.S. Constitution by targeting the Second Amendment. We demand that Mr. Morgan be deported immediately for his effort to undermine the Bill of Rights...The irony behind this petition is that it claims Morgan is attacking an important freedom found in the Constitution while simultaneously neglecting the importance of another protected right: that of free speech. While the Second Amendment protects the right to bear arms, the First Amendment protects freedom of speech, and the right to promote your ideas without fear or persecution from the government.
Of course, within all rights there are limits, usually defined by what harm befalls another individual due to their use/abuse. You cannot use speech rights to cause harm to others, for example -- screaming "bomb" on a crowded plane just to get a giggle isn't acceptable, given the commotion and potential for injury to others surrounding you.
CNN's Piers Morgan favors stricter gun control legislation |
Describing his comments as a "hostile attack" on the Constitution is therefore unwarranted, and beyond exaggeration. Morgan has every right to question the extent of the Second Amendment, and how far is too far when it comes to gun ownership. His freedom to do so is derived from a natural-given right to express himself without worry of political retribution from the government.
Those who signed the petition to deport Piers Morgan believe his right to question gun ownership goes too far -- and that's an opinion they're free to have. But if they're to hold that opinion, that a person's words can warrant outright expulsion from our nation, it's hardly proper for them to also pretend that they're somehow the keepers of our other liberties.
In fact, just the opposite holds true -- those claiming to be oppressed are in actuality advocating the oppression of another individual based on freedoms he deserves to exercise.
Agree or disagree with Mr. Morgan: the petition against him is rubbish, and his right to express his thoughts are protected.


text: On Tue, 29 Jul 2008, Jim Lux wrote: > But, RS232 was never intended for distances over, say, 10 meters. That's what > short haul modems were all about... (basically line drivers/receivers with > galvanic isolation) Although it was used, extensively to universally, over distances ten times that. Terminal servers were expensive, wire cheap, terminals were all there was to connect, so one ran UTP bundles all over the place. (I spent way too much time pulling said bundles and sorting out color coded pairs on both ends and crimping on the little poke-pins for an RS-232 shell, either size...). > Just this sort of thing is why the very first Ethernet (before it was even > called that) called for galvanic isolation in the AUI. > > This is also why there are grounding rules in the National Electrical Code, > especially dealing with connections between buildings/structures. Sure. And if the people who installed the network wiring and built the AUIs actually have read the spec, and if the manufacturing process actually didn't actually create a short, and if the wires themselves didn't get partially stripped by pulling them too hard through too small or too full or too sharply bent a grounded conduit, and if neither the computer or switch(es) have been hit by a lightning spike or heated to 90C in an AC fault so that their innards cooks, then the spec probably is enforced and works. Believably 99.9% of the time. Or maybe 99.99% of the time. It doesn't matter. Murphy is merciless, and to paraphrase Adams, one in ten thousand chances are practically a sure thing...;-) The point being that I'd never disbelieve somebody that saw arcing when making an ethernet connection just because it is oxymoronically "almost impossible" (which parses to mean "possible") -- I've seen it myself. Not even over long distances. Sometimes switches themselves are just plain faulty in their wiring, or have been blown by a nearby lightning strike. Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold; Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, You have to love Yeats; he clearly understood Murphy. rgb > > -- Robert G. Brown Phone(cell): 1-919-280-8443 Duke University Physics Dept, Box 90305 Durham, N.C. 27708-0305 Web: http://www.phy.duke.edu/~rgb Book of Lilith Website: http://www.phy.duke.edu/~rgb/Lilith/Lilith.php Lulu Bookstore: http://stores.lulu.com/store.php?fAcctID=877977


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Quitting Smoking
Topic Overview
Is this topic for you?
In this topic, you'll find strategies for quitting smoking and staying smoke-free. Find where you want to go now:
- Are you Ready to Quit Today?
- Are you Thinking About Quitting?
- Are you Dealing With Relapse?
- Are you Trying to Quit Smokeless Tobacco?
Are you ready to quit?
Maybe you have already taken your last puff or are ready to quit today. That's great. This information will help you keep your resolve to kick the habit for good.
Or maybe you want to plan ahead before you quit. How ready are you to quit? To find out, use the Interactive Tool: Are You Ready to Quit Smoking?
It's okay if you aren't ready now. But you may want to quit at some point. So keep learning and preparing yourself. Many smokers do quit. You can too.
Why do you want to quit?
Think about why you want to quit. Maybe you want to protect your heart and your health and live longer. Or maybe you want to be a good role model for your kids or spend your money on something besides cigarettes. Your reason for wanting to change is important. If your reason comes from you—and not someone else—it will be easier for you to try to quit for good.
Find out how smoking can affect you:
How can you quit?
Quitting smoking is hard. Some people who have quit say that it was the hardest thing they have ever done. But most smokers eventually are able to quit smoking. And you don't have to do it alone. Ask your family, friends, and doctor to help you. Get what you need to help you quit for good.
- Get ready. If you're ready to quit right now, go ahead. Medicines and support can help you stay on track. But if you want to plan ahead, you don't have to stop right away. Set a date to quit. Pick a time when you won't have a lot of stress in your life. Think about cutting down on smoking before your quit date. You can try to decrease the number of cigarettes you smoke each day as a way to quit smoking. Get rid of ashtrays, lighters, or spit cups before you quit. Talk to your partner or friends about helping you stay smoke-free. Don't let people smoke in your house.
- Change your routine. For example, if you smoke after eating, take a walk instead.
- Use medicine. It can help with cravings and stress, and it doubles your chances of quitting smoking.footnote 1 You can buy nicotine gum, lozenges, or patches without a prescription. Your doctor may also prescribe medicine, such as bupropion (Zyban) or varenicline (Chantix). If you take varenicline, you can stop smoking a little bit at a time, which may increase your chance of quitting.
- Get support. Seek help from:
- The national tobacco quitline: 1-800-QUIT NOW (1-800-784-8669).
- Free smartphone, tablet, or handheld computer apps, such as the National Cancer Institute's QuitPal.
- A text messaging program from www.smokefree.gov called SmokefreeTXT.
- Internet programs, such as www.smokefree.gov, which also have chat rooms.
- Doctors, nurses, or therapists for counseling.
- A friend who has quit smoking.
After you quit, try not to smoke at all—not even one puff. Prevent a slip (smoking one or two cigarettes) or relapse (returning to regular smoking) by avoiding smoking triggers, at least at first. These triggers can include friends who smoke, alcohol, and stress. Don't keep cigarettes in your house or car. If you do slip, stay calm. Remind yourself that you have a plan, and think about how hard you've worked to quit for good.
Why is it so hard to quit?
Quitting is hard because your body depends on the nicotine in tobacco. Giving it up is more than just kicking a bad habit. Your body has to stop craving the nicotine. Nicotine gum, lozenges, patches, and other medicines can help reduce the cravings without the harmful effects of smoking.
You also have to change your habits. You may not even think about smoking. You just do it. You may not realize it, but seeing someone smoke—or just seeing cigarettes—may cause you to want to smoke. You may smoke when you drink alcohol or when you are stressed. Or maybe you have a cigarette with coffee. Before you quit, think of new ways to handle these things. For example, call a friend or practice deep breathing when you feel stressed. Try chewing sugarless gum instead of smoking. Go for a walk when you have a break at work. When you first start your quit, it's okay to stay around nonsmokers. And it's okay to avoid situations where you may be tempted to smoke (like occasions where alcohol will be served) until you feel more confident about staying smoke-free.
What if you feel bad when you are trying to quit?
You are likely to crave cigarettes and to have withdrawal symptoms. You may feel grouchy or restless or you may have a hard time concentrating for the first 2 to 3 weeks after you quit. It may be hard to focus on tasks. Or you may have trouble sleeping and want to eat more. But you won't feel bad forever, and medicine can help. Using medicines and products like nicotine gum or patches can help with cravings and make it easier to resist smoking.
Will you gain weight?
You may worry about gaining weight after you stop smoking. This is understandable. In fact, many smokers do gain weight during their quit attempt. In your plan to quit smoking, include eating healthy snacks and doing some physical activity to help you avoid weight gain during your quit.
If you do gain weight, you can focus on losing it after you have successfully quit smoking. Be patient with yourself and try to tackle one change at a time.
You can take steps to lower your chance of gaining weight:
- Try to be active. Exercise can also improve your mood and reduce your craving for a cigarette.
- If you haven't been getting much exercise, start walking every day, gradually increasing how far you walk. Or take a beginning yoga class.
- If you are already active, see about joining others for a sport you enjoy, such as biking, hiking, or playing volleyball.
- Eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and eat fewer high-fat foods. Cutting back on food (dieting) can make quitting smoking harder.
- Try not to substitute food for cigarettes. Instead, chew gum, or chew on a drinking straw or a coffee stirrer.
Use quit-smoking medicines or nicotine replacement. They may make gaining weight less likely while you are quitting smoking.
What if you start smoking again?
Most people quit and restart many times before they stop smoking for good. If you start smoking again after you quit, don't give up. If you return to smoking, but smoke less than before, try to keep your smoking at that lower level so it will be easier to quit in the future. Also, if you are ready to try to quit again soon, do so. You do not need to wait to try again. Each time you quit, even if it is just for a short time, you get closer to your long-term goal.
Remind yourself that by quitting you may avoid serious health problems and live longer. Remember your reasons for quitting. Maybe you want to protect your heart and your health and live longer.
Each time you quit, you learn more about what helps and what gets in the way. Think about why you started smoking again and about what you will do differently next time. If you tried to quit without medicines or counseling, think about trying them next time. If you did use a medicine and counseling, think about trying a different type next time, or think about changing other things in your life, like travel routines and recreation. Medicines and nicotine replacement (gum, patches, lozenges) can double your chances of success.footnote 1 And using medicines and counseling is even more effective. You can do it!
Health Tools
Health Tools help you make wise health decisions or take action to improve your health.
Why Do You Smoke?
Most people don't think about when or why they smoke. They just do it. But knowing when and why you smoke can help you choose the quitting strategy that is most likely to work. Perhaps you smoke:
- To relieve tension, especially after arguments or during stressful times, or when you feel angry, depressed, or upset.
- To control your weight, either by keeping it down or because you're afraid of weight gain if you quit.
- For stimulation, to focus, improve your concentration, or boost your energy when you have low energy.
- To be part of the group, by joining your friends in having a cigarette.
Use this form to find your reasons( What is a PDF document? ) for smoking.
One Woman's Story: "I went to nursing school, and it [smoking] was the thing to do." Smoking helped relieve the stress. -Nancy, 54 |
For parents: Why children and teens smoke
Many children and teens use cigarettes, cigars, and smokeless tobacco because their friends do. Movies and TV shows can make smoking seem attractive. Teens, especially girls, often use smoking to try to control their weight.
Teens may think that smoking is a way to look more mature, independent, and self-confident to their peers. They may smoke to rebel against their parents. But most teens do not know how addictive cigarettes are. If your child smokes, it might help to talk with him or her about some of the reasons to stop smoking. If you smoke or have quit, talk with your teen about how you regret starting and how hard it can be to quit.
You may not think so, but children and teens are influenced by their parents. They are especially likely to smoke if their parents smoke. And they are more likely to quit if their parents quit. And if your child never smokes during the teen years, he or she is less likely to start smoking in the future.
Thinking About Quitting?
When you're craving tobacco, it's hard to focus on quitting. Preparing yourself before you quit can help. Before you quit, get ready for a life without nicotine.
One Man's Story: Planning was key to John's success. "The [stop-smoking] class taught me how to get ready to quit." -John, 39 |
Think about your reasons for quitting
What would motivate you to quit smoking? Think about it. It's important to have your own reasons for quitting( What is a PDF document? ).
Staying healthy is a common reason to want to quit smoking. Or maybe you want to feel more in control of your life, instead of feeling controlled by tobacco. Teens may have other reasons to quit smoking.
Talk to your family and friends about quitting. Their support might help you decide to quit.
Know the risks of smoking
What worries you about smoking? Make a list. Talk about it with your doctor. You may worry about:
- Health problems. Are you out of breath when you walk up the stairs? Are asthma symptoms getting worse? Are you coughing a lot?
- Long-term health risks. Are you afraid of having a heart attack or stroke? How about lung disease or cancer?
- Risks to others. Do you worry about family members getting lung cancer and heart disease? Are you afraid that your children might start smoking because you do? Are you concerned that your baby may die of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) if you smoke? Maybe your children have frequent ear infections or asthma.
Did you know that most all of the health risks of smoking go away if you quit?
One Man's Story: It was throat pain that helped Nate give up smoking for good. Dealing with a sore throat all the time just wasn't worth it anymore. "In the end, I made up my mind and quit." -Nate, 27 |
Look forward to the rewards
What do you gain by quitting? You can:
- Feel better and be able to do more.
- Cough less and have less shortness of breath.
- Have a younger-looking and healthier body.
- Set a good example for others (especially children).
- Save money by getting rid of the cost of smoking. To find out how much you spend on cigarettes, see the Interactive Tool: How Much Is Smoking Costing You?
- Be in control of your habits.
- No longer feel embarrassed about being a smoker.
Prepare for roadblocks
Possible roadblock |
What you need to know |
Cravings and nicotine withdrawal. Symptoms include feeling grouchy or having trouble sleeping or concentrating. |
Here are some things that can help:
Failure in the past |
If you weren't able to quit in the past, don't lose hope. Each time you try to quit, you will be stronger and will have learned more about what helps and what makes it harder. Most people try to quit many times before they can quit for good. |
Weight gain |
You may gain some weight when you stop smoking. Don't try to avoid this by going on a strict diet at the same time. This will make it even harder to stop smoking. You can take steps to lower your chance of gaining weight:
Depression or nervousness |
Medicines or counseling can help treat nervousness or depression. Talk to your doctor or therapist. |
Lack of support |
Support can improve your chances of quitting. Look for people who have stopped smoking, or seek out those family and friends who support your goal to quit. Online and phone support can also help:
Living with or being around someone who smokes |
It would be easier for you to quit if those around you didn't smoke. Discuss quitting together. If this isn't an option, talk to the person(s) about not smoking around you and about not leaving their cigarettes in places where you might see them. When you can, avoid places where others are smoking. |
Alcohol |
If you enjoy smoking when you drink alcohol, you may need to cut down or give up alcohol when you quit smoking, at least for a while. |
Stress |
Stress can lead to smoking, but smoking doesn't really make stress go away. To control stress, learn what causes your stress and how to change the way you react. For suggestions, see the topic Stress Management. |
Missing your smoking habits or not being able to avoid smoking triggers |
Assess your tobacco use( What is a PDF document? ) to discover your smoking triggers. For some people, morning coffee and going out with friends are common smoking triggers.
Teen issues, such as fitting in with the crowd and dealing with stress |
Healthier skin, cleaner teeth, and being seen as more attractive to others are just a few reasons for teens to quit smoking. Quitting can help student athletes perform their best at their sport. Teens who are smoke-free have an easier time being active. And being physically active can help you deal with stress in healthier ways than by smoking. |
Quitting smoking when you have other health problems
If you have depression or anxiety, talk to your doctor before you quit smoking. He or she may have helpful ideas on which medicines may work best for you to quit smoking.
Smoking can also affect the level of certain medicines in your blood. If you take medicines for a health problem, talk with your doctor before you quit smoking to see whether you should change the dose of any of your medicines.
Planning Your Strategy to Quit
Learn what works for you.
When it comes to quitting smoking, some people find it helpful to plan ahead. Others don't. Do what works for you. If you are ready to quit right now, see the section Ready to Quit Today?
If you prefer to plan ahead, start by asking yourself some questions. Are you a goal-setter? How confident do you feel that you will succeed at giving up smoking? Asking yourself these questions is one way to prepare yourself for quitting.
Know your reasons
Your reason for wanting to quit is important. Maybe you want to protect your heart and your health and live longer. Or maybe you want to spend your money on something besides cigarettes. If your reason comes from you—and not someone else—it will be easier for you to try to quit for good.
After you know your reasons for wanting to quit, use the U.S. Surgeon General's five keys to quitting: get ready, get support, learn new skills and behaviors, get and use medicine, and be prepared for relapse.
1. Get ready
Contact your doctor or local health department to learn about medicines and to find out what kinds of help are available in your area for people who want to quit smoking. Telephone helplines operated by your state can also help you find information and support for quitting smoking.
Check with your insurance provider to find out if medicines and counseling are covered under your health plan. Your employer may also help pay the cost of a quit-smoking program or provide help to pay for medicines, even over-the-counter ones.
Free smartphone and tablet apps may be another helpful way to plan your quit. Apps such as the National Cancer Institute's QuitPal can help you set goals, track your progress, and share your struggles and successes with family and friends. QuitPal can also support you with text reminders.
Here are some other ways to get ready to quit smoking:
- Set your goals. To achieve a long-term goal like quitting smoking, you may find it helpful to break the task into smaller goals. Every time you reach a goal, you feel a sense of pride along the path to becoming tobacco-free. A personal action plan( What is a PDF document? ) can help you reach your goals.
- Set your goals clearly. Write down your goals, or tell someone what you are trying to do. Goals should include "by when" or "how long" as well as "what." For example: "I will track my smoking for 1 week, starting tomorrow." Or "I will cut back from 20 cigarettes a day to 15 by this time next week."
- Set a quit date, and stick to it. This is an important step. Choosing a good time to quit can greatly improve your chances of success. Avoid setting your quit date on high-stress days, such as holidays.
- Reward yourself for meeting your goals. Quitting smoking is a difficult process, and each small success deserves credit. If you don't meet a goal, don't punish yourself. Instead, hold back on a reward until you achieve your goal. For example, give yourself something special if you succeed.
- Pace yourself. You may want or need to quit slowly by reducing the number of cigarettes you smoke each day over the course of several weeks. Set a comfortable pace. Certain activities won't be temptation-free for many months after you quit.
- Be realistic. You may feel very excited and positive about your plan for change. Be sure to set realistic goals—including a timeline for quitting—that you can meet. For example, your goal could be to cut back from 20 cigarettes a day to 10.
- Make some changes. Get rid of all cigarettes, ashtrays, and lighters after your last cigarette. Throw away pipes or cans of snuff. Also, get rid of the smell of smoke and other reminders of smoking by cleaning your clothes and your house, including curtains, upholstery, and walls. Don't let people smoke in your home. Take the lighter out of your car. Try some methods to reduce smoking, such as gradually increasing the time between cigarettes, before your official quit date. A smoking tracker can help you keep track of what triggers urge you to use tobacco. This gives you important information on when it's toughest for you to resist.
- If you have tried to quit in the past, review those past attempts. Think of the three most important things that helped in those attempts, and plan to use those strategies again this time. Think of things that hindered your success, and plan ways to deal with or avoid them. Write this down as a plan.
2. Get support
You will have a better chance of quitting successfully if you have help and support from your family, friends, and coworkers. Others sources of support include:
- Your doctor. He or she can help you put together a plan of medicines and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) that works for you. This could be Chantix or the nicotine patch, or maybe the nicotine patch along with gum for those times you need something more.
- Phone support (1-800-QUIT NOW). Telephone counselors can help you with practical ideas. Often they are people who have quit smoking themselves.
- Social networking. Many smartphone or tablet quit-smoking apps allow you to share your progress with your friends and family. This is a way you can get the extra support and encouragement you need when you're having a hard time or when you want to celebrate a new smoke-free milestone.
- Talk to a friend who used to smoke, and ask him or her to be a support person you can call when the going gets rough.
- Try a quit smoking program on the Internet. These often have chat rooms. People who use telephone, group, one-on-one, or Internet counseling are much more likely to stop smoking than people who try to quit on their own.
If a partner or friend is quitting, you can help.
3. Learn new skills and behaviors
Since you won't be smoking, decide what you are going to do instead. Make a plan to:
- Identify and think about ways you can avoid those things that make you reach for a cigarette (smoking triggers), at least at first. Try to change your smoking habits and rituals. Think about situations in which you will be at greatest risk for smoking. Make a plan for how you will deal with each situation.
- Change your daily routine. Take a different route to work, or eat a meal in a different place. Every day, do something that you enjoy.
- Cut down on stress. Calm yourself or release tension by reading a book, taking a hot bath, or digging in your garden. See the topic Stress Management for ways to reduce stress in your life.
- Spend time with nonsmokers and people who have stopped smoking.
- Start seeing yourself as a person who is making healthy choices.
4. Get and use medicine
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several medicines to help people quit smoking. You will double your chances of quitting even if medicine is the only treatment you use to quit. Your odds get even better when you combine medicine and other quit strategies, such as counseling.footnote 2
You won't have to take medicines forever—just for as long as it takes to help you quit. Your employer or health plan may help pay the cost of a quit-smoking program or provide help to pay for medicines. And remember that no matter how much it costs to buy medicines to help you stop smoking, it's still less than the cost of smoking.
The first-choice medicines are:footnote 3
- Nicotine replacement therapy. This includes nicotine gum, patches, lozenges, and inhalers. You can buy gum, patches, and lozenges without a prescription.
- Bupropion SR (Zyban). This is a non-nicotine prescription medicine that reduces withdrawal symptoms and cravings.
- Varenicline (Chantix). This prescription medicine helps withdrawal symptoms and cravings, and it reduces the pleasure you feel from smoking.
Remember, taking medicines and using telephone or in-person counseling or a quit-smoking program at the same time greatly increases your chances of success.
5. Be prepared for relapse
Most people are not successful the first few times they try to quit smoking. If you start smoking again, don't feel bad about yourself. A slip or relapse is just a sign that you need to change your approach to quitting.
A slip of just one or two cigarettes can lead back to regular smoking, but many smokers can get back to not smoking by changing their plan. For example, they may add counseling or a medicine. Or they may talk to a friend who used to smoke. Make a list of things you learned. And think about when you want to try again, such as next week, next month, or next spring. Or you don't have to wait. If you're still motivated to quit, you can try again as soon as you want.
You might get some ideas for things you can do differently by looking at "Prepare for roadblocks" in the Thinking About Quitting? section. Maybe you can try something new next time, such as a new medicine or type of counseling. You might try combining tools, such as counseling and medicine. Keep trying, and don't be fooled into thinking that smoking "light" cigarettes will help. They do not make smoking safer.
If you slip
If you slip or smoke a little, don't give up. Talk to someone who has quit smoking, or to a counselor, to get ideas of what to do. If you are taking medicine or using nicotine replacement, keep doing so unless you go back to regular smoking.
Quitting smoking is hard, but it can be done. To stay motivated, keep reminding yourself why you want to quit smoking. Make a list of your reasons to quit and the benefits you expect from quitting. Put your list of reasons on your bedroom dresser, in your wallet, or on the refrigerator. Review it whenever you are struggling with the quitting process. Add to your list whenever another reason or benefit occurs to you.
See the topic Quick Tips: What to Do When You Crave Nicotine.
If you have tried to quit smoking before, remember that most people try to quit many times before they are successful. Don't give up.
One Woman's Story: Nancy hit upon a key that helped her quit for good. "Finally what woke me up—after 3 years of failure—was the realization of what happened when I relapsed. … I quit drinking not because alcohol scares me, but because when I drink, I want to smoke." -Nancy, 54 |
Ready to Quit Today?
Congratulations! You are taking a big step. You are ready to quit today. It's exciting. But it can also be scary. If you're not quite ready yet, but you think you will be soon, see the section Thinking About Quitting?
If you've been planning to quit, you may already know that when you stop smoking, you may not feel so great at first. Some people feel grouchy and have cravings. The good news is that these things are at their worst in the first 2 to 3 days. They can last 2 to 3 weeks after you quit, or maybe longer. And there are things that can help.
If you decided to quit today but haven't planned ahead, don't worry. Here are some things to consider to help you succeed:
Use medicine
Using nicotine replacement products and/or medicine doubles your chancesof quitting.footnote 2 When you quit smoking, your body craves the nicotine that it was used to getting when you smoked. But the nicotine isn't the harmful part of smoking or chewing. It's all the other things in tobacco that are bad for you, such as tar and carbon monoxide. Nicotine from medicine is absorbed so slowly and at such low levels that it is rarely addictive.
- Nicotine replacement products can help with cravings and withdrawal.
- Other medicines that can help are bupropion (Zyban) and varenicline (Chantix).
Get support
Support can help you through the stress of losing this part of your life. Your doctor can prescribe medicines that can get you through withdrawal. And he or she can help you plan the best way to use nicotine replacement products and can refer you to counseling programs. Friends and family (especially those who used to smoke) can provide shoulders to lean on, and they can encourage you to stay smoke-free. They can help distract you when you want to smoke, and they can understand when you're a bit grouchy.
People who use telephone, group, one-on-one, or Internet counseling are much more likely to stop smoking. Experienced counselors have practical ideas that can help you succeed. Here are some ways to get support:
- National tobacco quitline: 1-800-QUIT NOW (1-800-784-8669)
- Counseling from a doctor, nurse, or therapist
- Stop-smoking programs, such as the American Lung Association's Freedom from Smoking program (www.lungusa.org). In these programs you can:
- Get help deciding which medicines may be right for you.
- Use message boards, live chat, and email to talk with counselors and people who have also quit.
- Sign up for daily email or text messages.
Make a plan
If you quit today but haven't planned ahead, now is a good time to plan your quit strategy. Think of problems or barriers you have faced. And think of ways to reward yourself for reaching specific milestones. Write out your personal action plan( What is a PDF document? ).
For more information, see the Planning Your Strategy to Quit section of this topic.
Know your reason
You are taking an important step to improve your life. Make sure that you know your reasons for quitting smoking. The most common reason to quit is to live longer. It's a gift you can give yourself and your family.
Dealing With Relapse
If you slip or smoke a little, don't give up. Talk to someone who has quit smoking, or to a counselor, to get ideas of what to do. A slip can quickly turn into regular smoking, so it's important to do something different soon. If you are taking medicine or using nicotine replacement, keep doing so unless you go back to regular smoking. And consider adding a new treatment, like one-on-one counseling.
You're not alone in going back to smoking. Most people who quit try many times before they quit for good.
Don't feel bad about yourself. A relapse is just a sign that you need to try a different approach to quitting smoking. If you tried to quit without medicines or a program, think about trying them next time. Medicines and nicotine replacement (gum, patches, lozenges) can double your chances of success.footnote 4 And using medicines and counseling is even more effective.
Think about what made you start smoking again. Maybe you couldn't handle the cravings. Or maybe you didn't have enough support from family or friends. Maybe something stressful happened that triggered the urge to smoke, and then you couldn't stop.
Whatever it was, remember that help is here when you are ready to try again. You might want to read Thinking About Quitting? or Planning Your Strategy to Quit in this topic.
One Man's Story: Nate's struggle to quit was a constant cycle of attempts and relapses. It was hard on his self-esteem. "It seemed like trying just made it more difficult to quit. I felt like a failure every day." -Nate, 27 |
Staying Smoke-Free
To quit smoking, you have to learn how to deal with your cravings and temptations to smoke. But staying smoke-free involves learning how to think and act like a nonsmoker.
Many people who are able to make it through those first tough weeks without smoking run into trouble about 3 to 4 weeks after they quit. Surprisingly, this is just about the time when physical cravings have stopped. And yet—people often go back to smoking. Why does this happen? Some researchers found that staying smoke-free may depend on how well someone has been able to start seeing himself or herself as a nonsmoker.footnote 5 To help you start seeing yourself as a nonsmoker, think about hanging out with other nonsmokers, starting a healthy behavior such as going to an exercise class or a healthy-cooking class, or trying any other activity that is not compatible with thinking of yourself as a smoker.
Tips to deal with cravings in the first few weeks
Many of the changes you feel when you first quit smoking don't feel good. Nicotine withdrawal can make you feel grouchy, hungry, and nervous. You may have trouble sleeping or concentrating. These symptoms can last for a few days to several weeks. But they do go away, especially if you take medicine. You may struggle with changing your smoking habits and rituals. This is a lot to deal with, but keep at it. You will feel better.
The following tips may help you in the first few weeks:
- Deal with temptations and cravings when you quit smoking.
- After you quit, don't smoke at all—not even one puff. Prevent a slip (smoking one or two cigarettes) or relapse (returning to regular smoking) by avoiding smoking triggers, such as alcohol and stress. Don't keep cigarettes in your house or car. If you do slip or relapse, stay calm. Remind yourself that you have a plan, and think about how hard you've worked to quit for good.
- Ask friends and family members for help.
- Deal with weight gain.
Tips to stay smoke-free over time
To stay smoke-free, you will have to make it past a second big challenge. This will come about 3 to 4 weeks after you quit, when you notice that your physical cravings are almost gone. Making it past this second big challenge will depend on how well you have been able to start thinking and acting like a nonsmoker. You will be able to enjoy and value a smoke-free lifestyle when you:footnote 5
- Realize from your experiences that you are able to cope with stresses without smoking.
- Face situations where you used to smoke and no longer feel like you need to smoke.
- Find other ways to do things that you used smoking to help you do in the past.
- Reject or move past your image of yourself as a smoker.
There are many ways you can make positive changes in your life, such as starting an exercise program or learning how to manage stress.
Why Quit?
If you're reading this, you may be thinking about quitting smoking or making a plan to quit. Or maybe you have already tried to quit a few times. You probably already know that smoking is bad for your health and that quitting will reduce your risk of getting a disease related to smoking, such as heart or lung disease.
If you continue to smoke, there is a 1 out of 2 chance that you will die earlier because of smoking. Smokers, on average, die 13 to 14 years sooner than people like them who are not smokers.footnote 6 If you quit, most of your risk for having a heart attack or getting cancer goes away. The sooner you quit, the more you reduce your risks.
Everyone who uses tobacco would benefit from quitting. When you quit smoking—no matter how old you are—you will decrease your risk of:
- Early death. Use this Interactive Tool: How Does Smoking Affect Your Lifespan?
- Heart attack and stroke. Quitting can cut your risk of heart attack in half within 2 years.
- Lung cancer and other lung diseases.
- Other cancers. After you quit, your risk for developing cancers of the voice box (larynx), mouth, throat, esophagus, intestines, bladder, kidney, and pancreas gradually declines.
- Sexual and reproductive problems.
- Pregnancy problems. Women who smoke during pregnancy have a higher risk of having their babies early and having babies that have a low birth weight.
One Woman's Story: Nancy was working as a nurse and was exposed to someone who had a bad case of pneumonia. As a precaution, Nancy was checked for pneumonia. The X-ray revealed that she didn't have pneumonia—but her lungs did show early signs of emphysema. "It scared the daylights out of me. … I really made myself focus on the future of my life. I want to be skiing when I'm 70. I don't want an oxygen tank." -Nancy, 54 |
In addition to reducing your risk of diseases in the future, you will notice some benefits right away after you stop smoking. Your shortness of breath, energy, and asthma symptoms will likely get better within the first 2 to 4 weeks after you quit. (But don't be surprised if you cough more in the first week after you quit, as your lungs try to clear themselves.)
There are other benefits to quitting:
- You will reduce the health risks for your family members caused by secondhand smoke when you quit smoking.
- Your kids will be less likely to start smoking. If your teen already smokes, he or she is more likely to quit smoking if you quit.footnote 7
- Underweight babies, stillbirths, and problem pregnancies are less likely in women who quit smoking.
Natural, low-tar, and low-nicotine "light" cigarettes are not any safer to smoke than regular cigarettes. Do not be misled into thinking that these products are any better for you. They are not.
There are risks to smokeless tobacco and e-cigarettes too.
Why quit using cigars, pipes, or chewing tobacco?
You can get cancers of the throat and mouth from using cigars, pipes, or chewing tobacco.
- Even if you think that you don't inhale the smoke from a pipe or cigar, you are at greater risk for disease. Quitting reduces these risks in much the same way as in quitting cigarettes.
- Using smokeless tobacco ("chew") or snuff ("dip" or "rub") gives you a higher risk of mouth cancer, gum disease, and tooth loss.
- Pipes and cigars increase the risk of cancers of the mouth and throat.
For teens: Why quit now?
Avoiding diseases caused by smoking and being in control of your life are good reasons for teens to quit.
If you are a teen and you smoke, chew tobacco, or use snuff, you probably already know that tobacco is bad for you. If you are like most teens, you intend to quit at some point, but you may not feel it's very important to quit now. But the longer you use tobacco, the greater your risk for becoming dependent on it. After you're hooked, it's even harder to quit.
- Stead LF, et al. (2012). Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (11).
- Stead LF, et al. (2012). Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (11).
- Fiore MC, et al. (2008). Clinical Practice Guideline: Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: 2008 Update. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Also available online: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/tobacco/treating_tobacco_use08.pdf.
- Stead LF, et al. (2012). Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (11).
- Segan CJ, et al. (2006). The challenge of embracing a smoke-free lifestyle: A neglected area in smoking cessation programs. Health Education Research, 23(1).
- American Cancer Society (2013). Guide to quitting smoking. Available online: http://www.cancer.org/healthy/stayawayfromtobacco/guidetoquittingsmoking/index.
- Sunday SR, Folan P (2004). Smoking in adolescence: What a clinician can do to help. In VC Reichert et al., eds, Medical Clinics of North America, 88(6): 1495–1515. Philadelphia: Saunders.
Other Works Consulted
- American Cancer Society (2012). Child and teen tobacco use. Available online: http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/tobaccocancer/childandteentobaccouse/index.
- Benowitz NL, Brunetta PG (2010). Smoking hazards and cessation. In R Mason et al., eds., Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine, 5th ed., vol. 1, pp. 968–984. Philadelphia: Saunders.
- Flouris AD, Oikonomou DN (2010). Electronic cigarettes: Miracle or menace? BMJ, 340: c311.
- Hughes JR (2009). Nicotine-related disorders. In BJ Sadock et al., eds., Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, 9th ed., vol. 1, pp. 1353–1360. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (2010). You Can Control Your Weight as You Quit Smoking (NIH Publication No. 03-4159). Bethesda, MD: Weight-Control Information Network. Also available online: http://win.niddk.nih.gov/publications/smoking.htm.
- National Institutes of Health (2010). Tobacco addiction: Fact sheet. Available online: http://report.nih.gov/NIHfactsheets/ViewFactSheet.aspx?csid=119&key=T#T.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2010). Cardiovascular diseases. In How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: The Biology and Behavioral Basis for Smoking-Attributable Disease: A Report of the Surgeon General, chap. 6. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Also available online: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/tobaccosmoke/report/index.html.
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2009). Counseling and interventions to prevent tobacco use and tobacco-caused disease in adults and pregnant women: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Available online: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspstbac2.htm.
- Yamin CK, et al. (2010). E-cigarettes: A rapidly growing Internet phenomenon. Annals of Internal Medicine, 153(9): 607–609.
Current as of: September 26, 2018
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:Adam Husney, MD – Family Medicine & Kathleen Romito, MD – Family Medicine & Elizabeth T. Russo, MD – Internal Medicine & Michael F. Bierer, MD – Internal Medicine
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. Learn how we develop our content.


text:
[Joe Budden]
Look here..
See I grew up around the projects
Grew up around the glocks yes
Taught to fend for myself whenever Pops left
A good kid turnin' into a hood prospect, why?
[Stack Bundles]
If so, it was after the bread risin' (Right)
After I put the hood on like Lil Red Ridin'
The gangsta that's glorifyin'
And strugglin' bubbled number for a stack
And that's a fact...until that?
And if they did, I never felt it
Spent a couple nights in a box, I couldn't help it (Dawg, I couldn't help it)
When niggaz on the tier ice grilled, I had to melt it
Dream was on the right track...somebody rebelled it
Was taught cash rules, but I ain't have a dollar for livin'
No window, no pot to piss in (So!)
So all my dudes in they cells that's locked in prison, is it 'cause..
Til I pissed a few niggaz off like Bill O'Reilly (Right)
Exposed the game's soft spot like Maury (Ha!)
Showed the hustlers how we
Turned an advance to a grand finale (Heh)
Look here
I was doin' pull ups and eatin' pancakes (And then?)
And then I pulled up in that pancake (Talk to 'em!)
Suicide doors, iced the band and the face
Yes Jerze...(Ok)
Til I proved my name was a factor (How?)
Summertime, played the crate
Bathin' 8ths and chains that'll change the chill factor (Schieeeet!)
Two toned toy to antagonize the children (Right)
It's still Roc For Life like they kicked me out the building
But I ain't goin' nowhere, at least no time soon
So get used to me, real niggaz rep, that's how it used to be
F-Y-I, still got the deuce-deuce wit' me
(I know...so?)
That's why I got niggaz robbed for their jewelry (Right)
Brought heaters to where my goons be (Right)
My divas in (?) (Right)
My groupies rockin' that Juicy (Whoo!)
40's on me but usually
The roofless coupe's on the corner like a hooptie
(Right, right)
I know!
It's like I didn't feel the love
Until I put the 645 on dubs
And sueded out the guts
In the belly of the beast, you make it out with guts
In that title, homeboys is naked without the trust (Ya Heard!)
Rep-wise I'm celibate, ain't a soul fuckin' wit' 'em (Uh huh)
Emcees watch they mouths like Chris Tucker wit' 'em (Heh)
Up and comer's owe me, until I'm paid, you stuck wit' 'em


text:
Campo San Rocco (St. Rocco Square)
The Building of the Church of San Rocco was started in 1489 and finished in 1508 according to the design of "Mastro Buono" and was formally consecrated by Alerio, Bishop of Chisamo. In 1725, through the work of Scalfarotto, it was almost completely rebuilt as the church was threatening to crumble and fall. Scalfarotto ordered that the three upper domes originally built by Buono be preserved.
The facade should have been built according to the model of Giorgio Fossati, but actually followed that of Bernardino Maccaruzzi from 1765 to 1771. The Venetian Republic decreed that the day of San Rocco be a public holiday since they thought it had somehow contributed in driving away the Plague that afflicted Venice from 1575-1576.
It was decreed that on that day the Doge should visit the church to pay homage to the Saint accompanied by the Seignory, the Senate and the Diplomatic Council. The main duties of the brotherhood were to welcome visitors whilst the "Guardian Grande" presented the Doge with a bunch of flowers and sat down next to him. Flower tributes were also made to the Seignory and the Ambassadors and their retinues.
Furthermore, this was the only formal occasion when the chaplain of the Brotherhood had the opportunity to celebrate Mass in the presence of the chaplain of the Doge.


text:
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Can You Trust
To Cure Your Cancer? A Medical Scam. The Explosive Truth. Wednesday, July 23, 2008, written by International author Andreas Moritz. Can You Trust Chemo To Cure Your Cancer? A simple question too many NEVER consider. Chemo does NOT cure cancer, but in fact devastates and destroys the body, sooner or later. Chemo destroys and kills, slowly but surely ... for others it happens rapidly due to overwhelming mental and emotional stress. A few may survive a few years counting the time pass, only to face the return of cancer ... it never left, but was dormant and re-grouping. Survivors are the lucky few who pass the ten year mark. 'Remission' is when the oncologists send you home, believing yourself to be 'cured'. The truth is, this is the calm between storms, the cancer is simply inactive or slowed. The chemo treatments are still continued .. but why, if you are in remission?! MUST READ! ... A classic case: "Former White House press secretary Tony Snow died in July 2008 at the age of 53, following a series of chemotherapy treatments for colon cancer. In 2005, Snow had his colon removed and underwent six months of chemotherapy after being diagnosed with colon cancer. Two years later (2007), Snow underwent surgery to remove a growth in his abdominal area, near the site of the original cancer. "This is a very treatable condition," said Dr. Allyson Ocean, a gastrointestinal oncologist at Weill Cornell Medical College. "Many patients, because of the therapies we have, are able to work and live full lives with quality while they're being treated. Anyone who looks at this as a death sentence is wrong." But of course we now know, Dr. Ocean was dead wrong. The media headlines proclaimed Snow died from colon cancer, although they knew he didn't have a colon anymore. Apparently, the malignant cancer had "returned" (from where?) and "spread" to the liver and elsewhere in his body. In actual fact, the colon surgery severely restricted his normal eliminative functions, thereby overburdening the liver and tissue fluids with toxic waste. The previous series of chemo-treatments inflamed and irreversibly damaged a large number of cells in his body, and also impaired his immune system - a perfect recipe for growing new cancers. Now unable to heal the causes of the original cancer (in addition to the newly created ones), Snow's body developed new cancers in the liver and other parts of the body. The mainstream media, of course, still insist Snow died from colon cancer, thus perpetuating the myth that it is only the cancer that kills people, not the treatment. Nobody seems to raise the important point that it is extremely difficult for a cancer patient to actually heal from this condition while being subjected to the systemic poisons of chemotherapy and deadly radiation. If you are bitten by a poisonous snake and don't get an antidote for it, isn't it likely that your body becomes overwhelmed by the poison and, therefore, cannot function anymore? Before Tony Snow began his chemo-treatments for his "second" colon cancer, he still looked healthy and strong. But after a few weeks into his treatment, he started to develop a coarse voice, looked frail, turned gray and lost his hair. Did the cancer do all this to him? Certainly not. Cancer doesn't do such a thing, but chemical poisoning does. He actually looked more ill than someone who has been bitten by a poisonous snake. Does the mainstream media ever report about the overwhelming scientific evidence that shows chemotherapy has zero benefits in the five-year survival rate of colon cancer patients? Or how many oncologists stand up for their cancer patients and protect them against chemotherapy treatment which they very well know can cause them to die far more quickly than if they received no treatment at all? Can you trustingly place your life into their hands when you know that most of them would not even consider chemotherapy for themselves if they were diagnosed with cancer? What do they know that you don't? The news is spreading fast that in the United States physician-caused fatalities now exceed 750,000 each year. Perhaps, many doctors no longer trust in what they practice, for good reasons. "Most cancer patients in this country die of chemotherapy ... Chemotherapy does not eliminate breast, colon or lung cancers. This fact has been documented for over a decade. Yet doctors still use chemotherapy for these tumors ... Women with breast cancer are likely to die faster with chemo than without it." - Alan Levin, M.D. Five year survival rate: An investigation by the Department of Radiation Oncology, Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Australia, into the contribution of chemotherapy to 5-year survival in 22 major adult malignancies, showed startling results: The overall contribution of curative and adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy to 5-year survival in adults was estimated to be 2.3% in Australia and 2.1% in the USA." - [Royal North Shore Hospital Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2005 Jun;17(4):294.] The research covered data from the Cancer Registry in Australia and the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results in the USA for the year 1998. The current 5-year relative adult survival rate for cancer in Australia is over 60%, and no less than that in the USA. By comparison, a mere 2.3% contribution of chemotherapy to cancer survival does not justify the massive expense involved and the tremendous suffering patients experience because of severe, toxic side effects resulting from this treatment. With a meager success rate of 2.3%, selling chemotherapy as a medical treatment (instead of a scam), is one of the greatest fraudulent acts ever committed. The average chemotherapy earns the medical establishment a whopping $300,000 to $1,000,000 each year, and has so far earned those who promote this pseudo-medication (poison) over 1 trillion dollars. It's no surprise that the medical establishment tries to keep this scam alive for as long as possible. Scientific evidence: In 1990, the highly respected German epidemiologist, Dr. Ulrich Abel from the Tumor Clinic of the University of Heidelberg, conducted the most comprehensive investigation of every major clinical study on chemotherapy drugs ever done. Abel contacted 350 medical centers and asked them to send him anything they had ever published on chemotherapy. He also reviewed and analyzed thousands of scientific articles published in the most prestigious medical journals. It took Abel several years to collect and evaluate the data. Abel's epidemiological study, which was published on August 10, 1991 in 'The Lancet', should have alerted every doctor and cancer patient about the risks of one of the most common treatments used for cancer and other diseases. In his paper, Abel came to the conclusion that the overall success rate of chemotherapy was "appalling." According to this report, there was no scientific evidence available in any existing study to show that chemotherapy can "extend in any appreciable way the lives of patients suffering from the most common organic cancers." Abel points out that chemotherapy rarely improves the quality of life. He describes chemotherapy as "a scientific wasteland" and states that even though there is no scientific evidence that chemotherapy works, neither doctor nor patient is willing to give up on it. The mainstream media has never reported on this hugely important study, which is hardly surprising, given the enormous vested interests of the groups that sponsor the media, that is, the pharmaceutical companies. A recent search turned up exactly zero reviews of Abel's work in American journals, even though it was published in 1990. I believe this is not because his work was unimportant - but because it is irrefutable. The truth of the matter would be far too costly for the pharmaceutical industry to bear, thus making it unacceptable. If the mass media reported the truth that medical drugs, including chemotherapy drugs, are used to practically commit genocide in the U.S. and the world, their best sponsors (the pharmaceutical companies) would have to withdraw their misleading advertisements from the television media, radio stations, magazines, and newspapers. But neither group wants to go bankrupt. Many doctors go as far as prescribing chemotherapy drugs to patients for malignancies that are far too advanced for surgery, with the full knowledge that there are no benefits at all. Yet they claim chemotherapy to be an effective cancer treatment, and their unsuspecting patients believe that "effective" equals "cure." The doctors, of course, refer to the FDA's definition of an "effective" drug, one which achieves a 50% or more reduction in tumor size for 28 days. They neglect to tell their patients that there is no correlation whatsoever between shrinking tumors for 28 days and curing the cancer or extending life. Temporary tumor shrinkage through chemotherapy has never been shown to cure cancer or to extend life. In other words, you can live with an untreated tumor for just as long as you would with one that has been shrunken or been eliminated by chemotherapy (or radiation). Chemotherapy has never been shown to have curative effects for cancer. By contrast, the body can still cure itself, which it actually tries to do by developing cancer. Cancer is more a healing response than it is a disease. The "disease" is the body's attempt to cure itself of an existing imbalance. And sometimes, this healing response continues even if a person is subjected to chemotherapy (and/or radiation). Unfortunately, as the previously mentioned research has demonstrated, the chances for a real cure are greatly reduced when patients are treated with chemotherapy drugs. Heartbreaking: The side effects of the treatment can be horrendous and heartbreaking for both patients and their loved ones, all in the name of trustworthy medical treatment. Although the drug treatment comes with the promise to improve the patient's quality of life, it is just common sense that a drug that makes them throw up and lose their hair, while wrecking their immune system, is doing the exact opposite. Chemotherapy can give the patient life-threatening mouth sores. It attacks the immune system by destroying billions of immune cells (white blood cells). Its deadly poisons inflame every part of the body. The drugs can slough off the entire lining of their intestines. The most common side effect experienced among chemo patients is their complete lack of energy. The new additional drugs now given to many chemo patients may prevent the patient from noticing some of the side effects, but they hardly reduce the immensely destructive and suppressive effect of the chemotherapy itself. Remember, the reason chemotherapy can shrink some tumors is because it causes massive destruction in the body. If you have cancer, you may think that feeling tired is just part of the disease. This rarely is the case. Feeling unusually tired is more likely due to anemia, a common side effect of most chemotherapy drugs. Chemo drugs can dramatically decrease your red blood cell levels, and this reduces oxygen availability to the 60-100 trillion cells of your body. You can literally feel the energy being zapped from every cell of your body - a physical death without dying. Chemo-caused fatigue has a negative impact on day-to-day activities in 89% of all patients. With no energy, there can be no joy and no hope, and all bodily functions become subdued. One long-term side effect is that these patients' bodies can no longer respond to nutritional or immune-strengthening approaches to cancerous tumors. All of this may explain why cancer patients who do not receive any treatment at all, have an up to four times higher remission rate than those who receive treatment. The sad thing is that chemotherapy does not cure 96% to 98% of all cancers anyway. Conclusive evidence (for the majority of cancers) that chemotherapy has any positive influence on survival or quality of life does not exist. Chemo promotes disease: To promote chemotherapy as a treatment for cancer is misleading, to say the least. By permanently damaging the body's immune system and other important parts, chemotherapy has become a leading cause of treatment-caused diseases such as heart disease, liver disease, intestinal diseases, diseases of the immune system, infections, brain diseases, pain disorders, and rapid aging. Questions for your doctor ... Before committing themselves to being poisoned, cancer patients need to question their doctors and ask them to produce the research or evidence that shrinking a tumor actually translates to any increase in survival. If they tell you that chemotherapy is your best chance of surviving, you will know they are lying or are simply misinformed. As Abel's research clearly demonstrated, there is no such evidence anywhere to be found in the medical literature. "Subjecting patients to chemotherapy robs them of a fair chance of finding or responding to a real cure and deserves criminal prosecution." Andreas Moritz's book, 'Cancer is not a Disease - It's a Survival Mechanism' explains the root causes of cancer and how to eliminate them for good. Available through www.ener-chi.com or www.amazon.com. About the Author: Andreas Moritz is a medical intuitive; a practitioner of Ayurveda, iridology, shiatsu and vibrational medicine - an artist and a writer ... International bestsellers: The Amazing Liver and Gallbladder Flush, Timeless Secrets of Health and Rejuvenation, Lifting the Veil of Duality, Cancer Is Not a Disease, It's Time to Come Alive, Heart Disease No More, Diabetes No More, Simple Steps to Total Health, Diabetes - No More, Ending the AIDS Myth, Feel Great - Lose Weight, Heal Yourself with Sunlight ... and Vaccine-nation: Poisoning the Population, One Shot at a Time. For more information, visit the author's website: www.ener-chi.com Kill Cancer Checklist for all cancer patients - Alternative vs conventional protocols. MUST READ Cancer Protocols Best To Avoid Chemo, Radiation - Mammograms - Special in-depth focus on Breast Cancer. What Is Cancer You can't combat it unless you understand it! Anti-Cancer Diet pH Balance is everything. NO sugar for starters. |


text:
Hot wax machine for skis and snowboards.
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Kazakhstan: experts discuss weapons prohibited by international law
01-10-2012 News Release
On 2 and 3 October, 48 lawyers and other specialists from Eastern European and Central Asian countries, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Inter-Parliamentary Assembly of the Commonwealth of Independent States and other organizations will gather in Astana for a seminar on measures that could be taken to help prevent the use of weapons that cause unnecessary suffering.
The event will be held under the auspices of the Kazakh foreign ministry and the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).
"Every day, people are injured by weapons prohibited by international humanitarian law," said Laurent Corbaz, the ICRC's head of operations for Eastern Europe and Central Asia. "It's important that we do everything we can to prevent the weapons from being used and to help the victims. Of course, the best thing would be for the law to be heeded."
The ICRC, which runs a physical rehabilitation programme for people with weapon-related injuries, actively supports the prohibition of the use of weapons causing unnecessary suffering.
"This two-day seminar aims to find ways of addressing problems for people and the environment arising from the use of prohibited weapons," said Maria Teresa Dutli, an ICRC regional legal adviser for Eastern Europe and Central Asia. "It will provide a forum for specialists and lawyers to share experiences and give an overview of the legal measures required in their countries to make sure that the laws are upheld."
Participants will be invited to work in groups on recommendations for destroying surplus weapons, controlling weapon transfers and enhancing sanctions. The recommendations that are adopted will serve as guidance for State authorities in their efforts to prevent casualties, respond to needs and impose sanctions.
The ICRC, which has been working in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia since the early 1990s, supports States in the region in their efforts to implement international humanitarian law and other bodies of law at the national level.
For further information, please contact:
Aygul Khalaileh, ICRC Tashkent: +7 771 374 31 19
Pierre-Emmanuel Ducruet, ICRC Moscow: +7 771 374 31 15


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LAKE FOREST, Ill. – The Chicago Bears could breathe a little easier this week even if their quarterback was having some trouble.
That's because the Carolina Panthers are coming to town in disarray.
The Bears? They're doing just fine.
Tops in the NFC North and with a four-game win streak, Chicago (5-1) will try to keep it going against the struggling Panthers (1-5) on Sunday.
This sure looks like a mismatch — or a trap.
"It's hard, week in and week out, and then you get some teams that have their backs against the wall," said the Bears' Jay Cutler, who vowed to be ready after Detroit's Ndamukong Suh bruised his ribs on a sack Monday night. "You just never know. They're going to play their hardest football they've played all year."
With a four-game losing streak and the worst record in the NFC after falling 19-14 to Dallas, the Panthers fired general manager Marty Hurney and essentially put everyone else on notice.
Coaches, players — no one's safe, except maybe Cam Newton. And his inconsistent play is one reason the Panthers are in this spot.
Injuries haven't helped, either.
In the past two weeks, they've lost three-time Pro Bowl center Ryan Kalil (foot), cornerback Chris Gamble (shoulder) and three-time Pro Bowl linebacker Jon Beason (knee and shoulder issues) to season-ending injuries.
They've been unable to pull out close games, with four of their five losses by six points or less, and there's just simply a bad vibe around this team. Hurney pointed toward a leadership void in the locker room, and several players and coaches agreed.
Then there's Newton and his demeanor, which is being dissected as if his last name were Cutler.
"I just keep living life," Newton said. "I understand I'm not perfect. I'm striving to be great. What other people may think or what other people may criticize me on, I take it for what it's worth but continue to try to make myself better each and every opportunity that I get."
Clearly, the rough start is taking a toll. Losing is something he didn't do at Auburn, and his leadership has come into question.
He was criticized by teammate Steve Smith earlier in the year for sulking on the sidelines, and national media outlets chided him for pointing fingers after Sunday's loss to Dallas.
Newton was 21 of 37 for 233 yards in that one with a touchdown and an early interception in the red zone. He has more interceptions (6) than touchdown throws (5) this season, and with 1,387 yards passing, he's on pace to finish with about 3,700 after going off for 4,051 as a rookie.
Now, he's staring at a team allowing a league-low 13 points per game, one that also leads the NFL with 21 takeaways. The way the defense is playing, Panthers coach Ron Rivera just might have a few flashbacks to 2006, when he was the Bears' defensive coordinator and Chicago was stifling opponents on the way to the Super Bowl.
That group lost two key components to season-ending injuries along the way in defensive tackle Tommie Harris and safety Mike Brown. The Bears have all their main players available, although Brian Urlacher still is limited as he tries to work his way back from a knee injury.
"I think this group can be better," Rivera said. "I really do. Because the front four is probably better (than 2006), and it really begins with those guys up front."
The Bears have been getting big contributions from the usual suspects in Julius Peppers, Lance Briggs and Charles Tillman, who contained Calvin Johnson on Monday. But Tim Jennings has stepped up in a big way with four interceptions, and the defensive line has come through, too.
Even so, the Bears could be tested.
"They have two excellent running backs," coach Lovie Smith said. "They have a very good tight end in Greg Olsen that we know all about. And Steve Smith is still one of the best receivers in the game."
Online: http://pro32.ap.org/poll and http://twitter.com/AP_NFL


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text:
Early in the morning this past Thursday, I got to go on another research flight: the 4th research flight of the C-130. It was a long flight, but I think everyone collected some great data - we found some great clouds to study! During the whole flight, we flew 10 minute legs alternating between above the cloud deck, in the clouds, and below the clouds.
The instruments that I work with measure the amount of particles and the amount of cloud condensation particles in the air above the clouds and below the clouds, which allows us to compare the two areas.
The picture shows a view through the cockpit of the aircraft, right before sunrise. You can see that some of the cloud tops are higher than the others, which can indicate a drizzle cell. This is also part of what we are studying: the relationship between the particles that we measure, and the formation or lack of these drizzle cells.
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rambam says that you should give to family first.
my question is what if the family does not know how to manage money? what if i know that if i give my family money, they will waste it and suddenly not have enough for food/education for children?
rambam says that you should give to family first.
my question is what if the family does not know how to manage money? what if i know that if i give my family money, they will waste it and suddenly not have enough for food/education for children?
Practically speaking, in many cases you can give it to them in a way where there's (more-or-less) a guarantee that it won't be wasted. For example, give them actual food, or a check towards their children's tuition (made out to the school).
See Prisha, Tur Even HaEzer 71:1.
In theory, family has priority with regards to charity. However, the standard obligation of child support is only until age 13 (note: twentieth century rabbinic authorities have raised it to 15 or 16, see Yechaveh Daat 3:76 and similarly this). It was assumed that the average "grown-up" child, in most cases, could fend for themselves (including begging, if needed), thus there is no blanket obligation to support one's adult family. In the unfortunate case that they would not be able to do so, then their charitable cause would have priority over a random stranger's. All else being equal, is how I read it.
There are cases where people will use their received charity simply unwisely; sadly there are cases where it would actually be self-detrimental. It should be remembered that the goal here is to help people, and sometimes the best way to do so is to say "no." The Talmud says the reward for truly helping someone sick (which may involve changing their bandages and hearing them scream, or being called all sorts of names because you won't give in to their pleas for a cigarette) is friends like Na'aman's, who got him cured [by telling him no], and not friends like Rehoboam's yes-men who caused him to lose half his kingdom.
I think each case may have to be decided on its own merits; a rabbi who understands the particulars of the situation may be helpful, and lastly, it's possible that certain questions of tzedaka prioritization are actually up to the giver's sense.
The Gemara says that when you give a person charity, if he is used to eating expensive meat then you should give him according to what he is accustomed to. This would imply that it is still considered charity even if to me and you it seems wastefull.


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MIAMI (AP) -- Microsoft is opening a state-of-the-art training facility in Miami, its first within the United States, the company announced Friday.
The tech giant already has some 100 innovation centers in 80 countries worldwide in countries like Uganda and Greece. These centers aim to help governments, academic institutions, community leaders and startups better use technology to innovate and develop more collaborative learning — with the goal of spurring economic development. Along the way, of course, the company is cultivating a new generation of Microsoft loyalists.
Microsoft Vice President Sanket Akerkar told The Associated Press the company looked at Miami as a great hub for tech in the Southern United States.
"Miami is a great destination in and of itself," he said. "We've got forward thinking government leaders," he said. The Latin American connection also sets the city apart.
Microsoft is working with city and county officials to open the center next month. It will be housed at the new downtown, entrepreneurial institute Venture Hive. The Hive, which opened its doors last year thanks in part to city and country grants, already serves as an incubator and accelerator for some 35 companies from around the globe.
Venture Hive Founder Susan Amat says public, private and academic partnerships are key to developing the region's entrepreneurial and technology scene.
Bringing Microsoft in is part of the broader goal of "bringing the world to Miami," she said.
Akerkar said he hopes to start offering training for teachers and professors this summer on the "app economy" so they can help their students learn hands-on how to design their own apps.
The announcement comes as investors, startups and global companies descend on Miami for the new eMerge Americas Techweek conference, part of a broad effort to promote technology and innovation in South Florida.
Akerkar acknowledged Miami's tech scene is still in the startup stage itself.
"What we're thinking about is maybe more of the potential and the place it can go," he said, adding the company eschewed other cities for its first U.S. site because those regions already have robust technology support systems in place.
"In places where there's already a tech hub, there's already support systems," he said. "We want to add to the investments being made in Miami."
The company is eyeing Houston for its second site.
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text:
- From: Jun Zhao <email@example.com>
- Date: Sun, 25 Nov 2012 09:43:11 +0000
- To: firstname.lastname@example.com
- CC: Provenance Working Group WG <firstname.lastname@example.com>
Dear Organization Ontology Editors, The PROV WG reviewed the part of the document about extension to PROV. Generally speaking we agree with your following extensions: - org:originalOrganization as a subproperty of prov:used, - org:resultedFrom as a subproperty of prov:wasGeneratedBy - org:ChangeEvent as a subclass of prov:Activity In addition, we would like to draw your attention to the concept of derivation [1] in PROV, which refers to a transformation of an entity into another, an update of an entity resulting in a new one, or the construction of a new entity based on a pre-existing entity. Based on some general knowledge, one might expect that a new organization should be a derivation of the old one, by some sort of transformation or update or simply setting up a new entity. But does this indeed make sense with the use cases that you consider? This is a strong albeit useful assertion, enabling you to trace the history of an organization. However, the semantics of the PROV model does not let you infer this relationship by the combination of generation and usage, i.e., from the following triples: ex:o2 org:resultedFrom ex:a1 ex:a1 org:originalOrganization ex:o1 The PROV model regards ex:o1 and ex:o2 as totally unrelated, unless their relationship is explicitly stated otherwise. If the definition of derivation does fit your use case, making use of this relationship in your ontology will make it much more in line with the upcoming provenance recommendation. So it is a matter to have a think about what you intend to achieve by using the prov:used and prov:wasGeneratedBy properties. If you want to include derivation in your ontology, then we make the following to suggestions: 1. We RECOMMEND that ex:o2 prov:wasDerivedFrom ex:o1 be explicitly asserted. (or a subproperty in the org: namespace) 2. Alternatively, you could add a property chain org:resultedFrom followed by org:originalOrganization => prov:WasDerivedFrom The second point is that the PROV model comes with a set of implicit semantics constraints (in its constraint document [2]). Although these constraints are not reflected in the PROV-O, we expect that a provenance validator, compliant with this document, will validate provenance statements on the Web. Therefore, it might be worthwhile to take a pause and think whether the intention behind your ontology might lead to any violation to relevant constraints. For example, the generation-precedes-usage constraint [3] requires that the event when a new organization was generated must precede the event when the same organization was used in the process of generating another organization. Finally, we would also like to bring your attention to the concept of invalidation. In the PROV data model we say that an entity can have a lifetime. And the invalidation is the start of the destruction, cessation, or expiry of an existing entity by an activity [4]. If this concept is adopted in the Organization Ontology, then you will be able to specify more precisely that the cease-to-exist of the old organization when a new organization was built up. Might this be helpful to your use cases? Please be aware that by using this concept, there are several related constraints to bear in mind. An example is the usage-precedes-invalidation constraint [5], which means that the event when an old organization ceased to exist must follow the event when it was used in the org:ChangeEvent activity. We, the WG as a whole, will be happy to help you with any other issue related to PROV. Hope this helps. Jun, on behalf of the PROV WG [1] http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-Derivation [2] http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-prov-constraints-20120911/ [3] http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-prov-constraints-20120911/#generation-precedes-usage [4] http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-Invalidation [5] http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-prov-constraints-20120911/#usage-precedes-invalidation -- Jun Zhao, PhD EPSRC Postdoctoral Fellow Department of Zoology University of Oxford Tinbergen Building, South Parks Road Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
Received on Sunday, 25 November 2012 09:43:38 UTC


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As suburban heroin crisis rages, education efforts ramp up
The suburban heroin epidemic is not showing any signs of a slowdown.
So far this year, there have been at least 12 heroin-related deaths in the suburbs, including that of a 20-year-old Libertyville man, plus numerous heroin overdoses, two of them in Naperville, according to police and coroner officials.
In the past few weeks alone, 11 people were arrested in a heroin bust in DuPage County, a group of suburban law enforcement officials declared the suburban heroin problem "a medical emergency," and a House panel endorsed the creation of a heroin task force in legislation proposed by Round Lake Beach state Rep. Sam Yingling.
Meanwhile, local police, schools and grass-roots groups keep trying to get in front of the problem by organizing education and awareness campaigns in their towns. The next, "Heroin in our Community," is from 7 to 9 p.m. Wednesday at Lake Park High School West Campus, 500 W. Bryn Mawr Ave., Roselle.
The presentation, open to the public, will be sponsored by four suburban police departments — Roselle, Hanover Park, Bloomingdale and Itasca. None have held a forum on the topic before.
While they didn't have specific data, police in those communities report seeing more heroin on the streets, making more heroin-related arrests, and responding to more heroin overdoses, said Roselle Police Sgt. John Lawson.
"In my 29 years of law enforcement, when you talked of heroin, it was inner city. When you thought of drugs out of suburbs, you thought marijuana," he said. "Heroin is out here. And we're seeing a lot of it. The trend was marijuana, then cocaine, and now it's heroin."
The forum's goal is to educate potential users and parents about the different types of heroin and what to watch for, and show families in the midst of heroin addiction what support services are available, Lawson said. Several guest speakers are lined up, including DuPage County State's Attorney Bob Berlin, officers from the DuPage County Sheriff's tactical narcotics team, and people in the community who have personally struggled with the drug.
While the heroin death and overdose numbers are discouraging, the message is slowly getting out there, said Kathie Kane-Willis, director of Illinois Consortium on Drug Policy at Roosevelt University. She said pushing forward with education and awareness initiatives is key.
"It's been 10 years (since she started focusing on the issue), and in the beginning it got a lot of media attention but no one wanted to do anything about it," she said. "In Illinois now, I feel like we're finally getting momentum."
One educational effort is the pilot program introduced this year in 11 suburban schools, including Neuqua Valley High School and Crone and Scullen middle schools in Naperville, and Vernon Hills High School and Hawthorn Middle School North and Hawthorn Middle School South in Vernon Hills.
Usually added to health classes, the lesson plans — designed by the Robert Crown Center for Health Education in Hinsdale — feature videos, interactive software and other modern teaching tools to educate students on what heroin is and what it does to the brain, as well as what addiction is. There also is a parental involvement component and a panel discussion with young recovering addicts from the community.
In one computer program, the students follow "Alex," a high school student who was prescribed Vicodin after some dental work. Alex becomes addicted to the Vicodin, and in text messages, it becomes obvious that Alex's friends don't understand addiction. Alex's addiction then escalates to heroin, and viewers can see what happens to him as the problem worsens.
The lesson plans are based on the extensive research the Robert Crown Center did on the topic, presented in the 2011 study, "Understanding Suburban Heroin Use."
"It's not the same ol', same ol'," says Robert Crown CEO Kathleen Burke. "Everyone (interviewed in the study) said they wished they'd have known more about the drug. This empowers people with good information."
Since teenagers' brains aren't fully developed — their decision-making abilities aren't as advanced as their pleasure centers are — Burke said this program can help protect them from themselves.
"You can't teach them something and assume that because you told them not to do something they're not going to do it," she said.
The program has been powerful so far, said Margaret Pither, Student Assistance Coordinator for Vernon Hills High School. It incorporates information about prescription pain pills and the dangers of sharing medicine.
"We're trying to get the stronger message out there that even a small, quick thing could change everything," Pither said.
Another school awareness program is being organized by Take a Stand, a Facebook-based grass-roots group based in Lake Zurich. After spring break, the group is leading an assembly and kickoff meeting at Jane Addams Middle School in Schaumburg, encouraging students to sign a pledge form to stay addiction-free. They are encouraged to make family and friends sign it, too. The five students who can get the most friends and family to sign the pledge form will win a prize, such as Great America season passes, an iPad or an iPod.
Education will reduce the number of overdoses and deaths, said Naperville Police Sgt. Lou Cammiso. Naperville has been hit hard by the heroin crisis, leading police there to hold several forums on the subject over the years.
As the number of people affected by the drug has grown, so has interest finding solutions. A few of the police forums had standing room only crowds.
"With each new wave of (high school) kids, you have kids who were too young to recall the kids who died. It's like a new batch of kids have to learn the lesson over again," Cammiso said. "Not only do the kids need to learn the lessons, but (so do) parents."
Heroin in our community
What: A free presentation to educate parents and young adults on the growing heroin trend in the suburbs. There will be guest speakers, as well as prevention and intervention strategies.
When: 7-9 p.m. Wednesday
Where: Lake Park High School's West Campus auditorium, 500 W. Bryn Mawr Ave., Roselle
Hosted by: Bloomingdale, Hanover Park, Itasca and Roselle police departments


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At 17 Gigi Hadid is at her most beautiful, with her long slender legs winning her a starring role in Guess' latest campaign.
But here is always room for improvement, at least according to her mother, Yolanda Foster.
On this week's Real Housewives Of Beverly Hills the newest cast member was seen advising her daughter to diet.
'You can have one night of being bad, right,' she tells her. 'Then you gotta get back on your diet you know, because in Paris and Milan they like the girls just a bit on the skinny side.'
Gigi Hadid in an ad for Guess
Harsh as she may seem Yolanda should know what she is talking about.
The statuesque Dutch blonde is a former model herself, and still works on various campaigns at 48.
Defending her attitude towards her daughter she took to her blog on Tuesday.
Looking at this episode, I really cracked myself up because I look like a complete control freak (which by the way I am),' she wrote.
As you can tell, my Gigi isn't too thrilled to have us at her photo shoot. What you don't see are the fun and sweet moments so I resemble this annoying stage mother that I am most definitely not.'
Yolanda's debut on the show saw her targeted by Brandi Glanville, who rudely told her: 'Your ex-husband is Mohamed [Hadid].
You know everyone, you've slept with everyone, it's all good.'
Glanville herself is no stranger to controversy, being the ex-wife of LeAnn Rimes' new husband Eddie Cibrian.
Yolanda is a mother-of-three, with five stepdaughters and six step-grandchildren.
Her younger daughter Bella is also forging making a career as a model.
Her husband Foster has 16 Grammys to his name and is credited with discovering stars including Celine Dion, Michael Buble and Josh Groban.
Yolanda is his fourth wife, with his exes including Bruce Jenner's former wife, actress Linda Thompson.
Yesterday she blogged that she and Foster were in Japan celebrating their wedding anniversary.'
I spontaneously flew to Tokyo and surprised my love for our one-year wedding anniversary!,' she wrote.