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Soros did not wear a Nazi uniform, but he might as well have, because he aided in the persecution of the Jews of Europe, without compassion, without guilt and without regret. Various excuses have been made for his actions, and none of them hold the least bit of water.
Yes Soros was only a teenager at the time. So was my father, who nevertheless escaped to join the partisans, rather than accompanying a Nazi officer in his search for Jewish property he could loot. He had no choice? He certainly had a choice. Even in the worst of times, people still can and do make moral choices. And the choice for everyone, for Jews, Germans, Ukrainians, Poles, Frenchmen and so on down the line-- was to collaborate with evil, or to do the right thing.
George Soros made the wrong choice then. As he has made the wrong choice over and over again. And he has never regretted any of them. And the one thing that clearly emerges from that, is that he has no understanding that evil is wrong. That participating in the persecution and murder of Jews is wrong. He didn't know it back then, while the Holocaust was going on. He doesn't know it today, when he helps set up and fund organizations like J Street, whose sole purpose is to help the Muslim terrorists who are murdering Jews today.
The liberal media which is busy defending Soros as a victim of the Holocaust and a survivor should find the bare decency to remain silent for once. To call Soros a Holocaust survivor is an obscenity. Soros was not victimized by the Holocaust. He was never targeted by it. He was on the other side of the line. The side that was pulling the trigger, running the gas chambers and sorting the gold teeth. Soros was not a victim, he was a perpetrator. Yes, he was only a teenager, but we do jail teenagers as accomplices to crimes much milder than that of collaborating in genocide.
Liberal using charges of Anti-Semitism to silence critics of Soros is one of the most profoundly cynical exercises imaginable, by people who routinely mock the idea that their bias again Israel is in any way motivated by Anti-Semitism. It is all the more cynical, because Soros has described himself as growing up in a "Jewish, Anti-Semitic home" and suggested that Jewish behavior causes Anti-Semitism. Defending criticism of a billionaire Anti-Semite as Anti-Semitism is thoroughly surreal. It's an inversion of the meaning of the word that punches a hole through reason and all the way over into the other side.
Soros has funded organizations that actively promoted Anti-Semitic smears against Jews. MoveOn's bulletins have linked to sites like CounterPunch, a site which actually published an article in defense of blood libels. One bulletin linked to pieces which accused Jews of dual loyalty, claimed that a small group of Jewish elites monopolize foreign policy and began with a "special feature" from former Klansman, Senator Byrd. All this is from an organization funded by George Soros. A man so reviled within the Jewish community that his funding for J Street had to be kept secret for fear of a backlash against the entire group.
The media's implication that criticism of Soros is an attack on Jews as a whole is mind-bogglingly false. When even an organization aimed at liberal Jews actually has to hide its Soros funding, it is safe to say that Herr Soros is not representative of the Jewish community. After a failed attempt to scam money out of a Jewish charity in his youth, Soros has avoided Jewish organizations and Jewish causes. J Street is one of those exceptions, only because it is an Anti-Jewish organizations masquerading as a Jewish organization.
Soros has said that he doesn't want to be part of any Jewish national existence, and that the solution to Anti-Semitism is for Jews to "give up on the tribalness". His narrative has always been to blame Anti-Semitism on Jews and on Israel. And frankly that is the essence of what Anti-Semitism is. Blame the victim. And there's every reason for Soros to do that. because he helps the perpetrators. And that seems to have been a lifelong hobby with him.
Soros' father identified with Germans, more than with Jews. Like some of that type, he wanted to be more German, than the Germans. After Nazi Germany fell, George seemed to hold a special animus for the countries that had defeated the Third Reich. His political and economic primarily war targeted America, Europe and Russia. The countries and societies that had destroyed Hitler's dream of world conquest. Whether that is deliberate or not, is not a question I can answer. But if Soros had strongly resented the Allied forces that shut down National Socialism, then his likely course of behavior would be the same one that he has followed. To find weak spots in the system, exploit them to make money and then use that money to bring those societies and countries down.
Over the years Soros has made it very clear that he doesn't like Jews, and doesn't want to be associated with them. This wasn't an aberration that developed during the Holocaust, but runs in his family. His father changed his last name from Schwartz to Soros. His ex-wife has stated that Soros' mother disliked her, because she was "openly Jewish". In his biography, Soros agreed that his ex-wife's Jewishness was the problem. He even referred to his own mother as a "Jewish Anti-Semite". Indeed Soros' mother disliked Jews so much, she ended up converting.
George Soros has not converted, but he considers himself an atheist and like the rest of his family, is hostile to Jews. He has mentioned an "antipathy" to Jewish organizations, one which he dates back to his time delivering deportation orders to Jewish lawyers. At one point he describes his Jewishness as a "secret shame" that required psychoanalysis. While Soros has said that he has no guilt over his Nazi collaboration, he apparently did feel guilt for whatever Jewishness he still felt he had. That is not the attitude of a moral man, but of a man who enjoyed being a Nazi, but hated being Jewish. With that kind of attitude, it's no wonder that Soros acts the way he does.
But having excluded himself from the Jewish community and having waged war against the places and countries where Jews are secure-- having even funded Anti-Semitic organizations, he has absolutely no right to try and hide from criticism over his political activities by using his front groups to denounce critics as Anti-Semitic. Certainly not by claiming to be a Holocaust survivor, when he was actually a collaborator. His front groups have produced and circulated materials that accused American Jews of secret conspiracies, that certainly meet the same test that his front groups are now using to argue that Beck is engaging in Anti-Semitism.
But Soros is never held to the standards of the people he wages war on. Soros destroys the savings of British pensioners, while using the money to fund left wing groups which claim to care about the plight of the poor. Now left wing groups which promote Anti-Semitism are accusing Soros critics of being Anti-Semitic. To them it's just a word. Another weapon they can use to promote their agenda. To us however it's not just a word. It's a reality. It's a reality that Jews have been living with for a very long time now.
For thousands of years, the Jewish people have survived persecution, outlived genocide, and every form of oppression under the sun. And during all that time, there have been Jewish survivors and heroes, and collaborators as well. The upcoming holiday of Chanukah is the story of Jews who refused to collaborate. On the other hand, the story of Soros is the story of those who brought pigs on altars. Who hated their Jewishness and eagerly sought to join with the oppressors. Soros is only one of that number. But it is not the collaborators or the traitors who continue on. They die and turn to dust. Their malice may be great and the harm they cause terrible, but like all mortals, they still perish and pass away. But the Nation of Israel, like the lights of the Menorah, go on.


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Get the Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock [PC] v1.1 Patch off WP (14mb)
Additions and Fixes for v1.1
- Adds Co-op Quickplay game mode for Online multiplayer.
- Adds Lens Flare and Crowd settings in the Graphics Options menu.
- Adds a new UI screen in the Controller Options menu that displays default keyboard controls.
- Improves the whammy bar sound effects.
- The star power electricity effect now displays correctly when using the Low Graphics Detail option.
- The skeleton in the Shanker Island venue now displays correctly on all supported graphics cards.
- Fixes a bug that caused the animations for Lous puppet to fall out of sync.
- The Leaderboards now update more quickly.
- Fixes an issue that caused some rare instability when joining Online multiplayer games.
- Fixes a bug that caused some finished games to be listed in Online game searches.
- Fixes an issue where menus would become corrupted when Demonware servers are under maintenance.
- Fixes pauses, rare freezes, and other strange behaviors that were occurring on the Video Shoot venue.
- Fixes a bug where practicing a section of a song before entering an online match results in starting from that point in the song.
- Pressing Alt+tab during an empty hosted game no longer displays as a disconnection from the previous opponent.
Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock continues to build on Guitar Hero's successful easy to play, but difficult to master gameplay mechanic to take the franchise to a whole new level. With master tracks from legendary bands like Sex Pistols, Guns 'N' Roses, Rolling Stones, Metallica, and Pearl Jam, along with original music composed specifically for the game by iconic guitarists Slash and Tom Morello, Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock sports the greatest soundtrack to ever find its way into a videogame. Vastly improved graphics immerse gamers into their rock arenas and heighten their visual experience while the new wireless Gibson guitar controllers allow the players to channel their inner guitar gods. The arcade-inspired battle mode, expanded co-op career and boss battles add depth and extend gameplay for countless hours of shred time.
Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock will include explosive new content and features including a multiplayer action-inspired battle mode, grueling boss battles, a host of exclusive unlockable content and visually stunning rock venues. Expanded online multiplayer game modes will also allow axe-shredders worldwide to compete head-to-head for true legendary rock status. For the first time ever, Guitar Hero fans will also be able to thrash and burn with new wireless guitar controllers available for each platform. The game will feature a star-studded soundtrack including master tracks by such legendary artists as Aerosmith, Guns N' Roses, The Rolling Stones, Beastie Boys, Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam as well as original songs by guitar icons Slash and Tom Morello. While continuing to retain all the key features from their prior legendary performances, fresh downloadable content will be offered on multiple platforms, and players can now shred to a killer set list from many of the most popular rock songs ever recorded.
For the first time ever, Guitar Hero fans will also be able to thrash and burn with new wireless guitar controllers available for each platform, including exclusive Gibson Guitar's Les Paul model for the Xbox 360, Wii, and PS3. PS2 gamers will also get to shred on a new exclusive wireless guitar controller shape, Gibson's Kramer guitar, popularized by hard rockers and known for its body design, pickups, electronics and construction for furious finger fretting.
Features :
- Featuring over 70% master recordings, spanning over 40 years of music across many rock genres, Guitar Hero fans have the opportunity to shred to one of the greatest compilations of music ever. Adding to the track list are some of the most legendary European anthems with a vast array of downloadable content post-launch. From Metallica to Muse and Rolling Stones to Rage Against the Machine, Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock offers up a truly legendary set list.
- Multiple tracks that can only be found in the game include guitar icons Slash and Tom Morello contributing original guitar riffs for their boss battles. Also, the Sex Pistols re-entered the studio for the first time in 30 years to re-record "Anarchy in the U.K." providing Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock an original recording not available anywhere else. Additionally, Living Colour re-recorded their Grammy Award winning "Cult of Personality" adding a solo that left legendary guitarist Vernon Reid grunting.
- Improving the graphics from the ground up have created a more intense visual element giving guitar heroes the sense of performing on their own rock stage. Slash, Tom Morello and Bret Michaels spent hours in motion capture suits so that their movements and styles were translated perfectly to their in-game characters. Venue light shows have been coordinated for each song along with choreographing the animations for each band member. Ultra-detailed textures in the fictional characters and multiple outfits give the option of customizing the guitarist to meet everyone's inner grunge, punk, metal or anything in between.
- The arcade-inspired battle mode adds a new dimension to the Guitar Hero franchise. The idea isn't necessarily to hit the most notes, but rather hit the right ones and learn the nuances of using the power-up attacks. With Guitar Battle, Star Power sequences are replaced with Battle Power sequences. Hit every note in the Battle Power sequence and receive a power-up that can be used to attack the competition.
- Battle mode lends itself to the boss battles featuring Slash and Tom Morello. After defeating a boss, unlock them as a playable character and continue to the encore for the set list, which is a master recording of one of their most legendary songs. After defeating Slash, the next performance is "Welcome to the Jungle" and Slash stays on stage to play with the gamer. Likewise for Tom Morello and the hard-hitting "Bulls on Parade."
- Taking the co-op experience to the next level is the new Co-op Career mode giving guitar heroes the chance to progress through their career with a friend. Since not all songs play well for both the lead and bass tracks, only the best songs are pulled from the single player career mode with six co-op career exclusive encore songs.
- Compete head-to-head in any of the competitive game modes online to prove who the most legendary guitar hero really is. Or, for those looking for a more friendly experience, shred to a few tracks on the lead or the bass in co-op online.
- Wireless guitars on the Xbox 360, PS3 and Wii will have the Gibson Les Paul guitar shape, while the PS2 will be receiving a new design in the Gibson Kramer Striker shape.
- All guitars will have detachable necks for easier portability as well as storage. Adding a new level of personalization to the Les Paul Guitar controllers are interchangeable faceplates giving guitar heroes the opportunity to show their style via their instrument.
For Wii:
- Now that's a Guitar! – The Wii Gibson Les Paul guitar controller has a void in the guitar for the Wii Remote to snap into and connects to the Wii Remote via the Nunchuk port. By using the Wii Remote, the guitar controller utilizes the wireless technology and accelerometer.
- That's Wii terrific! – Adapting the Wii Remote's technology, Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock uses both the rumble feature and the speaker on the Wii Remote. The rumble can be felt shaking the guitar when rocking out with Star Power. The speaker comes in handy when playing multiplayer as "clinks" are heard through the Wii Remote as opposed to being ported through the TV speakers.
Previously announced tracks :
- Same Old Song and Dance (by Aerosmith)
- Helicopter (by Bloc Party)
- Stricken (by Disturbed)
- Monsters (by Matchbook Romance)
- Before I Forget (by Slipknot)
- Kool Thing (by Sonic Youth)
- When You Were Young (by The Killers)
- Devil Went Down to Georgia (as made famous by Charlie Daniels Band)
- Sunshine of Your Love (as made famous by Cream)
- Holiday in Cambodia (as made famous by Dead Kennedys)
- Cliffs of Dover (as made famous by Eric Johnson)
- Hit Me with Your Best Shot (as made famous by Pat Benetar)
- Black Magic Woman (as made famous by Santana)
- Story of My Life (as made famous by Social Distortion)
- Pride and Joy (as made famous by Stevie Ray Vaughn)
- The Seeker (as made famous by The Who)
- Black Sunshine (as made famous by White Zombie)
- Miss Murder (by AFI)
- Minus Celsius (by Backyard Babies)
- Sabotage (by Beastie Boys)
- Hier Kommt Alex (by Die Toten Hosen)
- Through Fire and Flames (by Dragonforce)
- In the Belly of a Shark (by Gallows)
- Welcome to The Jungle (by Guns N' Roses)
- Avalancha (by Heroes Del Silencio)
- Take This Life (by In Flames)
- Number of the Beast (by Iron Maiden)
- Ruby (by Kaiser Chiefs)
- Closer (by Lacuna Coil)
- Cult of Personality (by Living Colour)
- One (by Metallica)
- Knights of Cydonia (by Muse)
- Mauvais Garcon (by NAAST)
- Even Flow (by Pearl Jam)
- Lay Down (by Priestess)
- Bulls on Parade (by Rage Against The Machine)
- 3's and 7's (by Queens of the Stone Age)
- Suck My Kiss (by Red Hot Chili Peppers)
- Generation Rock (by Revolverheld)
- Raining Blood (by Slayer)
- Cherub Rock (by Smashing Pumpkins)
- Radio Song (by Superbus)
- The Metal (by Tenacious D)
- I'm in the Band (by The Hellacopters)
- Anarchy in the U.K. (by The Sex Pistols)
- Reptillia (by The Strokes)
- Paint It Black (by The Rolling Stones)
- My Name is Jonas (by Weezer)
- Slash's Original Boss Battle Recording
- Tom Morello's Original Boss Battle Recording
- School's Out (as made famous by Alice Cooper)
- Paranoid (as made famous by Black Sabbath)
- Cities on Flame (as made famous by Blue Oyster Cult)
- Slow Ride (as made famous by Foghat)
- Barracuda (as made famous by Heart)
- Rock and Roll All Nite (as made famous by Kiss)
- Mississippi Queen (as made famous by Mountain)
- Rock You Like a Hurricane (as made famous by Scorpions)
- La Grange (as made famous by ZZ Top)
- The Devil Went Down to Georgia (Steve Ouimette)
- Backyard Bash
- Desert Rock Tour
- Kaiju Megadome
- Lou's Inferno
- Mitch's Moose Lounge
- Shanker's Island
- Video Shoot
- Ye Olde Royal Odeon
Guitar Hero III Features
- Over 45 of the most legendary rock anthems of all-time
- Added multiplayer modes – arcade inspired battle and the dual shredding co-op career
- Challenge the legends of rock and roll in boss battles
- Take those axe shredding skills online and rock live around the world
- Expand upon your Guitar Hero experience with downloadable songs, themes and picture packs
- See how you match up against the best in the world on the Leaderboards
- All-new tricked out venues taking you to hell and back
- Your favorite characters freshly fitted with a few new faces
Guitar Hero III Les Paul/Kramer Guitar Controller Features
- Completely redesigned Gibson Les Paul/Kramer Guitar Controllers
- Wireless freedom to rock without constraints
- Swappable faceplates for maximum customization (available on the Les Paul Controller)
- Breakaway neck for easier transportation between performances
- Ultra-stylish start and back buttons
Release Date: October 28th, 2007, and on PC, Nov. 12, 2007, while Europe can expect it November 23rd.
More articles about Guitar Hero III


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Saturday, March 17, 2012
Magdalene appoints master of Hegelian theology
Inevitably speculation has already mounted about who the next ABC will be. I suggest it will be one of two people. Candidate number one is a well-known English bishop with good credentials in the Communion who could readily move into the Canterbury role without having to go through a lot of "who's he?" getting to know you stuff. That is, ++John Sentamu. Candidate number two is someone we have hardly heard anything about. That is, +Dark Horse.
13 comments:
and is the Rt Rev Skoteinos Hippos a horse with no name (la, la, la, li, la) or do you have a name in mind, Peter?
+Martin - March 17, 2012 at 7:41 AM
- Peter Carrell said...
I have a name in mind but don't think it fair to begin speculation. I might make comment if I see this particular name mentioned in dispatches. But my point about a Dark Horse candidate is that there are a fair number of low profile English bishops and thus a fair chance that one of them might be chosen ahead of the bookies preferences which always seem to be for the most in your face public profiling bishops.
- March 17, 2012 at 8:04 AM
- Kurt said...
I'm sorry that I cannot share the effusion of "best wishes," and "well done" etc. that are flowing to RW. As far as I'm concerned, it's well past time that he resigned. He, like George Carey before him, has done great damage to the Anglican Communion. If his replacement follows in their steps of the past 20 years, then perhaps it will be time, at last, for The Episcopal Church to bid the AC a not-so-fond farewell. I would much rather be working productively with the Church of Sweden, the Old Catholics, ELCA, etc. than constantly fighting with Canterbury and its most socially and theologically backward minions. Fortunately, Peter, though we disagree sometimes, you do not fit the "minion" role very well, and I admire that!
Kurt Hill
Brooklyn, NY
Kurt Hill
Brooklyn, NY - March 17, 2012 at 8:14 AM
- Peter Carrell said...
Hi Kurt
I think we are going to disagree once again!
As far as I can see it is very difficult to sustain an argument that another person being the ABC these last ten years would have made an extraordinarily difficult situation better.
As for TEC working more closely with other churches: isn't that up to TEC to do something about, not the ABC?! - March 17, 2012 at 8:17 AM
I think Chris Cocksworth of Coventry looks the likeliest of the bunch, having been an academic theologian and seminary principal. The C of E likes to play catholic-evangelical pingpong as well.
But who knows?
Williams' departure now gets him out of the further divisions that will follow women bishops (with no respect for conscience) in the C of E, the brouhaha over same-sex marriage in the UK being rammed through by a "Conservative" government led by faux Anglican David Cameron - with the C of E deafeningly silent - and the impending failure of the Covenant.
Williams is genuinely liked and his faith and humility are respected. But, sadly, as a leader he has been an abject failure.
I don't know who, if anyone, can prevent the train crash.
#Martin - March 17, 2012 at 8:34 AM
- Father Ron Smith said...
Although I'm with Kurt on most things he talks about on this site, I am not in agreement with is dismissive thoughts on ++Rowan.
One has to take into consideration the context - which is that of 'Primus Inter Pares' of the world-wide Anglican Communion - requiring a diplomacy that has had to take into account the unfortunate ethic of 'Unity - at any cost' - an ethic that, as P.I.P., Rowan has felt duty-bound to embrace.
Sadly, his predecessor did not think in the same way - which has been the cause of subsequent problems within the Communion.
Unlike ++Rowan, ++George pushed his own preference for the exclusion of LGBT people from the life and ministry of the Church, giving way to the formation of GAFCON and ACNA - in other words: schism & strife.
At least, Rowan's motivation was, essentially, pure, and not putting his own preference to the fore.
Time alone will tell whether, or not, Rowan's leadership was more divisive than that of his recent predecessor. What we have to be more concerned about now, is who will be called to replace him.
I pray for Rowan, for the Church of England, and for the future of the Anglican Communion - and, I hope it goes without saying, for Bishop Katharine & TEC, and the Anglican Church of Canada, in their quest for justice for ALL.
Agape. - March 17, 2012 at 12:49 PM
I thought Rupert Shortt's piece on the Guardian comment site was good: http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/mar/16/rowan-williams-balance-leadership
- March 17, 2012 at 9:56 PM
- Peter Carrell said...
I would go further, Simon: it is excellent!
- March 17, 2012 at 10:44 PM
- Fr. Bryan Owen said...
In response to dismissive comments like Kurt's, I would also add Fr. Tony Clavier's posting entitled Rowan Williams. A foretaste:
"We want our own way and we want a Communion and a church which conforms to our own day dreams of what the church should be like. For while we have been pressing our own pattern on +Rowan, we've been doing the same on the Communion and the Province in which we live. We may say that we believe in 'Holy' Church, but we much prefer scrappy political church or tidy narrow church." - March 18, 2012 at 6:41 AM
- Father Ron Smith said...
I'm quite sure that the Scribes and Pharisees saw Jesus as a 'political animal' - so much so that they were plotting to kill him for his 'subversive' activity - planning to substitute LOVE for LAW - having taken care of the latter in Himself.
- March 19, 2012 at 10:20 PM
- Kurt said...
If folks on this site think that I have "dismissive thoughts" on the ABC, they should check out Williams' fellow Brit, Adrian Worsfold, who makes my thoughts seem tame by comparison:
Kurt Hill
Enjoying the First Day of Spring in
Brooklyn, NY - March 21, 2012 at 4:16 AM
- Father Ron Smith said...
However, Kurt, Adrian Worsfold, witty as he is (and I do sometimes enjoy his posts) he is not an Anglican, and does have his own little axe to grind.
I understand your suspicion of ++Rowan, but you must grant that his job is a difficult one. If you found yourself in that position, you might either 'row your own boat' like his predecessor, George Carey, (and see what devastation that caused), or you would seek the 'Middle Way', which is typically Anglican - much as you and I get impatient with that, in matters of justice. Agape, Fr.Ron - March 21, 2012 at 9:43 AM
Right at the start of Adrian Worsfold's article he says:
" I moved over to the Unitarians and when I moved I gave my sole attendance to them."
That pretty much says it all. Someone willing to go to a Unitarian church, a church which rejects orthodox Christianity in total, which rejects the truth that Christ was/is God in the flesh, is not someone who's critique we should take seriously.
He claims he left the Church during Rowan's term, bit it seems clear to me that he left the Church, and real Christianity, long before that. - March 21, 2012 at 9:57 AM


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Things You Will Never Hear Me Say:
"This is too bright."
"There's such a thing as too much glitter."
"I'm full."
"On second thought, I'll pass; I don't need it."
"No, I don't feel like going to the mall today."
"I could never spend that much on a Betsey Johnson dress."
"This floor-length denim skirt looks GREAT!!!"
"Mom, will you buy me a pair of Crocs?"
"I've been craving a Bloody Mary!!"
"Mmmm!! Porkchops!!!"
"Kristen Stewart is one of the greatest actresses of this or any generation. Pure talent and pizzazz."
…Or any sentence where I use the word 'pizzazz.'
"I don't want pizza tonight."
"Let's go to Old Navy–I hear they're having a sale on flip flops!!!"
"That Taylor Swift is such a hopeless romantic! I love her songs, and no, they don't all sound the same!"
"Ooh, John Mayer. He's SOOOOO hot!"
"Are seven layers too much?"
So, okay, not to sound like a broken record or anything, but I heart seven layer bars. Like a lot. And not to be a one-trick pony or anything, but I made yet another version that tastes like cupcakes. You'll thank me after your taste buds explode into the gates of heaven upon first bite, trust me. (Also trust me not to use anymore cliche expressions related to broken-record-playing-track-ponies).
The inspiration for these big, bad bars full of birthday cake goodliness came from THESE bars I made last week. Upon tasting them, I liked them, but I felt like they were missing some more cake-y action. And sweetened condensed milk, which I'm petitioning restaurants to start offering as a beverage. The world is so narrow-minded in its beverage choices, am I right?
So thus, these Birthday Cake Seven Layer Bars were born. Magic bars, seven layer bars, crack — whatever you prefer to call them, we'll all inevitably know what you're talking about when you bite into one and say "OMG YUM."
- 1 box Funfetti cake mix
- 1 egg
- ½ cup melted butter
- ½ cup semi-sweet chocolate chips
- ½ cup white chocolate chips
- ½ cup sprinkles
- ¾ cup miniature marshmallows
- ½ cup (roughly about 10-12) Birthday Cake Golden Oreos, roughly crushed
- ½ cup (roughly about 10-12) Birthday Cake Oreos, roughly crushed
- 2 boxes Cupcake Bites*
- 1 (14 oz) can sweetened condensed milk
- Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. Line a 13x9 inch pan with foil, extending edges of foil over the sides of the pan. Mist lightly with cooking spray.
- In a large bowl, combine the cake mix, egg and melted butter until a soft dough forms. Press into prepared pan in an even layer, and bake for approx. 10 minutes.
- Remove from oven and immediately top with the semi-sweet chips, the white chips, sprinkles, 2 types of crushed Oreos, cupcake bites and marshmallows evenly. *However, I find the marshmallows cook best when they're put on as the first layer, then covered with the remaining ingredients* Drizzle the can of scmilk on top.
- Return to the oven and continue to bake for 15-20 minutes or until the top is bubbly and golden. Allow to cool to room temperature before cutting into bars. Store airtight, at room temperature, for several days. These taste really good at room temperature or slightly warmed! So gooey!
- **Note: I found the Cupcake Bites (which are like round, cake-flavored candies) at the Dollar Store. I also found the limited edition Birthday Cake Oreos at Walmart and Target. Stock up!!**
These bars are OUTRAGEOUS. So many deliciously sweet flavors happening at once. The gooey marshmallows, the sugary sprinkles, the crunchy Oreos .. everything works cohesively to make a stunningly simple, stickily sweet cake batter bar. You and your kids will love it!
Happy Tuesday!!
xo, Hayley


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With consumers searching for health buzzwords like whole grain, fiber and antioxidants, a value-added whole grain could make some waves with shoppers. Suntava, Inc., Afton, MN, hopes this is the case for its exclusive purple corn containing anthocyanins. These anthocyanins are the same antioxidants that make blue corn blue, but purple corn contains more of them, resulting in a dark corn that almost appears black. "It's the same nutrient that you're finding in blueberries and acai, but now you're finding it in a corn," said Terry Howell, Suntava's director of business development.
In different forms, this corn can be used in baking and snack applications, delivering whole grain nutrition, antioxidants and a purple color to the finished product. "We're a triple threat in that respect because the corn comes with whole grain, antioxidants and natural color," he said. The purple corn has been used to make corn flakes and other cereals as well as crackers, bread, muffins and pasta.
Depending on the quantity and form of the purple corn in the formulation, the color delivered in the final product can be just a hint or overwhelming. "Someone made an artisan cracker where the formulation was probably more wheat-based, and when they added our purple corn, it showed up with these beautiful purple specks throughout the cracker," Mr. Howell said. "Whereas another cracker came to us that was entirely purple."
Mr. Howell doesn't think the purple color will hinder consumer excitement though. With Mehmet Oz, MD, touting the benefits of purple food on his popular television show, Mr. Howell expects purple corn will fit right into the health-conscious consumer's diet.
Suntava and Minsa Corp., Muleshoe, TX, recently announced a partnership to develop and market purple corn masa, extending this high-antioxidant, whole grain opportunity to tortillas and corn chips.


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I was very disappointed to read Mead's announcement a few months ago that there would be no book #3 released in 2010. According to Mead, a decision had to be made and her publishers cast the final vote that the 5th 'Georgina Kincaid' and 5th 'Vampire Academy' would receive more publicity (and Mead would do more author tours to promote the books), which meant she wouldn't have time to release 3 books in one year. To be honest, I would have been more upset by this news if 'Thorn Queen' hadn't been so damn satisfying. So much happened in this second instalment – true, it finished on a serious cliff hanger that left readers dangling over the edge of a potentially explosive plot for 'Iron Crowned' – but there was so much Dorian/Eugenie smuttiness and such HUGE plot advances that I can forgive Mead's decision to hold off on book 3 until she has more time to properly promote it.
Succubus Heat 'Georgina Kincaid #4' by Richelle Mead
She is clearly a favourite author of mine – but I have a love/hate relationship with this series. No doubt I absolutely *LOVE* 'Georgina Kincaid', but I *HATE* how emotionally invested I get. I don't think I ever laugh or cry so hard when I read these books. One minute I'm chortling along after one of Georgina's wise-cracks, the next I'm bawling my eyes out over Seth's callous actions (or feeling furious and wanting to poke a fork through Maddie's eye!). Never before has the emotional rollercoaster of Georgina's life been so hellish and smutty as in 'Succubus Heat'. It was a phenomenal read, even if the ending left me feeling a bit depressed. I went to Richelle Mead's book signing for 'Blood Promise' – and I am really looking forward to book #5 'Succubus Shadows' after hearing a few of her comments regarding character development.
I LOVED this book! Thankyou to Mandi at Smexy for pushing me to read it. I was a little hesitant at first because of the whole 'Steampunk' genre being totally foreign to me – but Carriger has written such a brilliantly fanciful and lustful supernatural story that is impossible not to love. Parasols and vampires, dirigibles and werewolves – what's not to be obsessed about? I loved leading lady Alexia Tarabotti and her beau Lord Maccon – they were such a hot couple, they put the 'steam' into 'steampunk' and I cannot wait to read more of their adventures in 'Changeless' (March 30th 2010).
This was the 10th book in Armstrong's 'Women of the Otherworld' series – and it went back to being about my favourite 'Otherworld' couple, Elena and Clay. So much has changed for these two since we last saw them in 'Broken', I kind of loved that while there have been books in between, Elena and Clay have been expanding their family and carrying on in their lives. 'Frostbitten' had a fantastic, edge-of-your-seat mystery at its centre, delved deeper into Elena's past and included plenty of lovey-dovey scenes between Elena and Clay. But best of all, 'Frostbitten' revealed the depths and changes to Elena and Clay's characters and relationship – making this my favourite 'Otherworld' book yet. It will be a bit of a wait until Elena and Clay take centre stage in Armstrong's series again, but 'Frostbitten' well and truly tied me over until that book comes.
Patricia Briggs is one of my all-time favourite authors. My favourite thing about Ms. Briggs' writing is her masterful character development. Briggs's characters are flawed, damaged and just generally frayed around the edges – none more so than Charles Cornick and Anna Latham. Charles sees himself as a cold-blooded killer, and doesn't believe he deserves his mate, Anna's, love. Anna is a werewolf Omega still recovering from the abuse she suffered under her previous werewolf pack. Charles and Anna are mated werewolves – two slightly damaged individuals who are learning to heal with and because of each other. I love this series. To be sure it is a fantastic Urban Fantasy – and this series, more so than 'Mercedes Thomspon', delves into the fascinating world of werewolf politics – but at its core 'Alpha & Omega' is a love story. 'Hunting Ground' had a wonderful mystery as its central plot, but it was amazing because it delved further into Anna and Charles's romance and explored the repair of their fractured psyches.
Bone Crossed 'Mercedes Thompson #4' by Patricia Briggs.
This is probably my all-time favourite Urban Fantasy series. I loved everything about 'Bone Crossed' – from the cover art (drool worthy by Daniel Dos Santos) to the development of Mercy and Adam's relationship. Mercy and Adam have been in a 'will they or won't they?' dance from book #1, and in 'Bone Crossed' their mateship was finally cemented in a fairly anti-climactic, but wonderfully romantic mating. 'Silver Borne' is probably my most anticipated book for 2010, mostly because I want to see how Mercy and Adam handle their newfound relationship.
Magic Strikes 'Kate Daniels #3' by Ilona Andrews
Oh. My. God.
That's all I could think reading the last 2 chapters of this book. Such an amazing final battle – I was bawling my eyes out, and cheering Kate on. And that Kate/Curran tub scene – woah! It says a lot about this author-duo that their leading man and lady have still only gone as far as first base but readers are 100% hooked on their relationship. I am *dying* for book #4, the first teaser chapter has only whet my appetite and now I need May 25th to hurry the hell up.
My favourite regency romance – possibly ever. I love, love, loved this book! Again, thanks to Mandi at Smexy for recommending. The romance between naïve tomboy Lucy Waltham and stiff-upper-lip Jeremy Trescott was heart meltingly romantic. These two are such sweethearts, and even though I didn't like the other 2 books in Dare's series, 'Goddess' has made her a 'must buy' for me. One of the best scenes in this book occurs in a wardrobe – a wardrobe! Any author that can make a wardrobe sexy deserves to be an automatic buy.
This debut series from Molly Haper is brilliant! A comedic Urban Fantasy with one of the best and funniest leading ladies I have ever read. Jane Jameson is my hero – I want to be her BFF. Book #3 'Nice Girls Don't Live Forever' came out December 29th, but I'm still waiting for my copy – though I am sure I will love that book as much as her first two. This series has made Harper an instant buy for me – so unbelievably good, I hope Molly Harper is contracted for many more books in the series.
One of the best books I have ever read (with one of the best titles). It's a very different post-apocalyptic zombie book – Ryan writes beautifully and vividly, and the story is edge-of-your-seat from the first page. I adored this book. It is very bleak, but Carrie Ryan is such a masterful storyteller, and the world she's created is so fascinating you can't help but be 100% sucked in. I could easily see this book being adapted into film – it has a very cinematic quality and an epic feel to it. Ryan has a second book (set in the same universe) called 'The Dead-Tossed Waves' coming out March 9th 2010 – I am definitely reading that one!


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I agree with your sentiments, bprew. Perhaps the jump from level 9 to 10 should be based on a vote of the current saints based on the prospect's contribution to the Monestary. Or perhaps some kind of relative scale:
However, looking at the Perl Monks stats main page (here) it would appear that over half of the 20000 registered users have only ever logged in once, and about half of the rest have never logged in at all. Meaning that of the 20000 registered users, only about 25% (28.86% to be pedantic) are actually contributing to the site. So where's all this going? I don't know, but I do know that having 'Saint'hood being doled out to anyone who writes a couple of hundred mildly interesting nodes, as well as, say, Tye, merlyn or Abigail-II (or tilly, Erudil or Ovid, or ...insert your favourite contributor here...) who make (or made, in tilly's case) a massive and worthwhile contribution is a bit unfair to say the least. Perhaps the various non-XP related groups (or whatever you want to call them) that can only be bestowed upon Monks rather than automatically given out should be given more publicity on the Voting/Experience System node. As an example of what I mean - given enough time, and provided they log in and use their votes and keep their views to themselves for a while, the likes of Alex the Serb and Olecram could be Saints alongside those worthy of the title. rdfield In reply to Re: XP and level balancing
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12. Are There Contradictions in the Gospels?
Or how to hold your nose and write at the same time
When you read the first three Gospels, you are likely to observe countless similarities. And that is the dominant picture: the places, the names, the crowds, the rural setting, busy Jerusalem.
However, a closer reading reveals some differences in the details. Are these differences the same as contradictions? What is a contradiction? If there are any, can they be resolved? Are the Gospels reliable if some of the details are different among them?
This article, Part Thirteen in a series on the reliability of the Gospels, is not at all intended to convince skeptics, but to provide some perspective for believers who take Scripture seriously and authoritatively. Writing this article has clarified my own thoughts.
However, I admit that I write it under protest. I believe that if we always reduce a good story to propositions, then we lose sight of – maybe damage – a good story and its literary devices. I wonder whether we should apply cold rationalism to narratives in the way I'm about to do in this article. Yet, since the following issues come up, let's proceed. For me, though, I'll get a clothes pin to clip on my nose.
Since these articles can be read as stand-alones, here are my standard reminders for true beginners of Gospel studies. Recall that Matthew, Mark, and Luke have a lot of passages in common, so they are called the synoptic Gospels (synoptic means viewed together). The authors are sometimes called synoptists. Slashes // mean parallel passages among them. The writers of the four Gospels are also called evangelists.
Hovering over the references below will bring up the NET Bible version on each of these.
1. What is a contradiction?
What we need is an everyday definition. Two sentences together are contradictory in this way: If one sentence is true, then other has to be false. It's either one way or the other. For example, this pair says:
- A computer is in my office.
- A computer is not in my office.
Imagine I have a computer in my office. Then the first sentence is affirmed, so the second one is denied, "automatically." To put this more philosophically, "the negation is true whenever the affirmation is false, and the affirmation is true when the negation is false" (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Next, to keep things simple, we don't need to get into the law of excluded middle, but see the link to SEP at the end of this Q & A for more information.
Consider this example:
- Today is Wednesday.
- Today is Thursday.
For us, we can regard this everyday example as a contradiction, though, technically, the pair is called a contrary because both cannot be true, but both can be false ("Today is Friday").
Those two pairs of examples merely serve as warm-ups to get us used to the other pairs here, but the entire topic can get complicated quickly! So, happily, we do not need to spot which passage in Scripture or which pair in this article is a contradictory or a contrary – or a discrepancy, conflict, disagreement, and so on. Regardless of the labels, all we need to do is resolve them in Scripture. Various solutions can apply to the troublesome passages, as we proceed.
For further information, see Brooke Noel Moore and Richard Parker, Critical Thinking. Also go here for a glossary of terms. See the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy and its definition of a contradiction, along with a contrary. Aristotle's Metaphysics Book 4 (scroll down to Chapters 6 and 7) is for the very advanced.
2. Do you have examples in the Gospels?
Three come to mind right away. But these are only samples. Two can be resolved easily (A and C), the other not so easily.
A. Report or no report?
- The women reported the resurrection to the men (Matt. 28:8).
- The women did not report the resurrection to the men (Mark 16:8).
I have reworded this pair slightly, but it follows the texts carefully. The apparent contradiction is resolved because Mark is not finished. Verse 8 is the very last one, according to the best manuscripts. So we can stamp this "insufficient information in Mark." However, if readers prefer to believe that Mark appropriately ends at 16:8, then the time factor resolves the seeming contradiction. It is not difficult to imagine that sometime after the women's initial fear, they reported the resurrection to the men. Thus, Matt. 28:8 says that the women "ran" to tell the men of what they saw and heard. So the parallel accounts can be harmonized (not a bad word) easily, without stretching things. Both sentences can be true at different times in the Easter narrative.
B. Staff or no staff?
The context of this puzzle is Jesus' first commission of the twelve disciples as he sent them out to preach during his own ministry. We focus on the staff or walking stick, but the excerpted explanation, below, notes another difference.
- The disciples are permitted to take a staff (Mark 6:8-9).
- The disciples are not permitted to take a staff (Luke 9:3; Matt. 10:9-10).
This one is a stickler (no pun intended), to be sure. But Walvoord and Zuck come up with an explanation. They write:
The two concessions of a staff and sandals are unique to Mark. Both are forbidden in Matthew 10:9-10, and the staff is forbidden in Luke 9:3. Matthew used ktaomai ("to procure, acquire"), instead of airō ("to take"); so the disciples were not to acquire additional staffs or sandals – but to use the ones they already had. Mark and Luke both use airō, "to take or carry along." But Luke says, "Take nothing for the journey – no staff (rhabdon)," presumably no additional staff; while Mark says, "Take nothing for the journey except (Mark 6:5) a staff (rhabdon)," presumably the one already in use. Each writer stressed a different aspect of Jesus' instructions (p. 128, emphasis original).
So the apparent contradiction is resolved. Or the three passages do not add up to a contradiction, if they are read in their historical and textual contexts and according to their proper sense.
However, it is understandable that some readers may not be satisfied with the explanation in that excerpt. So the following comment on the three passages is worth taking to heart:
Only if one has a very legal mind is there a significant difference . . . Jesus normally speaks in the hyperbole of a wisdom teacher, not the legal precision of a Pharisee . . . These passages are also another reminder to us that we do not have all of the answers . . . these passages call us not to lose the forest for the trees. Jesus called his missionaries to travel simply, without the normal provisions for a journey. They had to depend on God for their support." (Kaiser, et al., pp. 423-24)
I like how that team of scholars mentions "hyperbole." That is an acceptable literary Scriptural device, which is an intentional exaggeration to draw attention to the main point. For example, Jesus uses a hyperbole when he says that we should not pull a speck out of our bother's eye, while we have a big beam or plank in our eye (Matt. 7:3). Can we literally have a beam or plank in our eye? Can we rightly say, "There's an error in Scripture, because no one can literally have a beam or plank in his eye!" However, the attitude behind the "gotcha" misses the literary technique of hyperbole.
The same is true of the mustard seed. Is it the smallest seed (Matt. 13:32; Mark 4:31)? The question misses the point. Jesus was using hyperbole to encourage his followers. Even if our faith is very small – the smallest it can be – it can grow to benefit those around us. Plus, historically the mustard seed "was the smallest seed used by farmers and gardeners there and at that time" (NIV Study Bible, note on Matt. 13:32, emphasis added). So the hyperbole is resolved by the historical context – as if it our job to "fix" hyperboles. Nonetheless, time resolves the puzzle.
I also like the attitude of the team of scholars, noted above in this Q & A (Kaiser, et al). We will return to their balanced attitude and wider perspective at the end of this article (see Q-&-A's Six, Seven, and Eight). I already referred to my own point of view in the Introduction, and will do so again in Q & A Seven.
C. One or two blind men?
- Jesus healed one blind man (Mark 10:46 // Luke 18:35).
- Jesus healed two blind men (Matt. 20:30).
This pair of bulleted propositions is easily resolved. Matthew's account simply provides more detail. Historically, the lame and sick and other "expendables" formed little groups within the larger society (cf. Luke 17:11-19; John 5:1-15). So there may have been more than two, but Matthew focuses on two, and Mark on one. It is likely that Bartimaeus' name was remembered because he told his story to the persons who remembered it in some way (cf. Richard Bauckham, Jesus and the Eyewitnesses, pp. 45-46; 52-55). The other recipient(s) of healing were not remembered well enough to have his (their) names recorded. One commentator says that perhaps Mark focused on the one who did the speaking.
The gist of the explanation about the one and two blind men can be applied to the one and two demoniacs who were helped (Mark 5:2 // Matt. 8:28; Luke 8:27). One and two angels appearing at the empty tomb do not make a contradiction, and their roles can be easily explained (Mark 16:5 // Matt. 28:2-3; Luke 24:4). See the Further Reading section, below, for the literature, particularly Gleason Archer's book.
In any case, the Gospel writers omit or admit details into their accounts as they saw fit. Not even the most conservative inerrantist denies this, simply because it is everywhere affirmed even in a casual reading of the Gospels. But these differences do not add up to genuine contradictions or contradictories or discrepancies or whatever. That is, they do not add up to ones that cannot be resolved with a little commonsense and knowledge of the meaning of words and the historical and textual contexts.
Now let's take a step back and look at the big picture. The Gospel authors are free to include or exclude some details as they saw fit. What about that? That question leads us to the next one.
3. In the big picture, what's at work in the authorship of the Gospels?
It is difficult to find a more scholarly yet accessible account of the apparent conflicts and the differences in the Gospels than Craig Blomberg's chapter on this topic in the Historical Reliability of the Gospels, (pp. 152-95). If we take into account the following factors and sometimes the missteps of scholars, then conflicts and discrepancies disappear. Readers, particularly critics, who are serious about this topic must get his book and read the chapter. It is excellent. They should also look into the books and articles listed in the References and Further Reading section, below.
Conflicting theology? This category says that the evangelists reworded or reordered their material, true, but at the same time they (apparently) created conflicting theology. An example is Jesus' pronouncements on his disciples after he stilled the storm. "O you of little faith!" (Matt. 8:26) and "Do you still have no faith?" (Mark. 4:40). In reply to the common criticism, however, Blomberg explains the two passages:
What appear are different perspectives on the disciples' ever-wavering response to Jesus throughout his earthly ministry, with Matthew choosing to highlight the positive side as a model for the fainthearted among his readers and Mark underlining the more negative side for precisely the same reason – to encourage those in his audience who felt inadequate that they too could grow in their Christian lives . . . As with the accounts of stilling the storm, the theological perspectives are not identical, but they are complementary. (p. 155-56)
So alleged conflicts in theology can be resolved with only a little effort. Plus, it is probable that Matthew incorporated ninety percent of Mark's Gospel into his. Let's assume this for a moment. That means Matthew saw the "little faith!" and "no faith?" difference. (How else could Matthew incorporate Mark's Gospel, if Matthew did not have Mark's Gospel in front of him? By memory? Maybe, but that does not take away from my comment that follows.) Did Matthew panic? "Oh my! I may be creating a formal contradiction?" Not in the slightest. What Blomberg says here is correct. Matthew has a higher, theological purpose. He also had a literary purpose (see Q & A Seven, below). If a critic of Scripture has a "gotcha" moment with these two verses or others, then so be it. But he must work his way through the scholarly literature, referenced below, before he can gleefully triumph.
The practice of paraphrase. With our technology today, we can match passages word for word. In the ancient world, writers did not have qualms about paraphrasing and summarizing. "Even defenders of Scripture's infallibility freely admit that the evangelists usually recorded only Jesus' ipsissima vox (actual voice) rather than his ipsissima verba (actual words)" (p. 118).
Chronological problems. As far back as Augustine (AD 354-430), students of the Gospels recognize that the four evangelists did not intend a detailed itinerary of Jesus' life. Can we correctly fault them for what they did not intend? In fact, they achieved their intended goal quite well. From the birth to the death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus, the evangelists follow the broad outline of Christ's life perfectly. But these front-ranking, traditional scholars note:
A fully satisfactory historical harmony of Jesus' life is impossible. It was simply not the evangelists' intention to provide us with the kind of data we would need for such an enterprise . . . The evangelists narrate historical facts, but they so select, arrange, and present these facts that little information of the kind needed to piece together a detailed life of Jesus is available. (D. A. Carson and Douglas Moo, An Introduction to the New Testament, p. 123, emphasis added)
But these same two scholars also maintain: "Coherence at the historical level is . . . relatively easy to attain" (ibid.). The differences are in the details.
Omissions. The evangelists were writing biographies in their own age, in the Greco-Roman world. All these biographers and historians omit data, large or small. The four evangelists are no different (see the previous category in this Q & A). Do we rightly criticize them for writing texts that they intended? Do we rightly criticize them for not writing texts that they never intended? Instead, shouldn't we rightly take them in their historical context?
Composite speeches. Scholars see similar sayings in the Gospels, particularly Matthew and Luke, and these scholars assume that passages can be combined. For example, Matthew has five major teaching sections (chapters 5-7, 10, 13, 18, 24-25). They are largely unparalleled in Mark, and they are sometimes scattered throughout Luke. Scholars – even JohnCalvin (AD 1509-1564) the Reformer – place some of these sermons into one composite speech, such as the four beatitudes (Luke 6:20-22) and four more beatitudes (Matt. 5:3-10), plus four woes (Luke 6:24-26), and so on. However, this is not a valid enterprise in all cases, for it rips apart the intentions of the evangelists who were writing a flowing narrative or story. But a careful look at the possibility of putting together a composite removes many difficulties. "Such practices scarcely discredited the historical reputation of ancient writers in the eyes of their contemporaries . . . so it is unfair to malign them today by applying anachronistic standards of historiography" (Blomberg p. 188).
Apparent doublets. Sometimes scholars see similarities in two passages and assume that they refer to the same event. Blomberg says an example is the anointing of Jesus in the house of Simon the Pharisee (Luke 7:36-50) and in the house of Simon the Leper (Mark 14:3-9 // Matt. 26:6-13). As one can see from the references, the first episode occurs early in Jesus' ministry, while the other occurs toward the end. If they are the same event, then this creates discrepancies. However, there are enough verbal dissimilarities in the passages that we should not hastily conclude that they refer to the same incident. Plus, Simon was the commonest name in Israel from 330 BC to 200 AD (Bauckham, p. 85). Jesus had two disciples with this name and a brother (so called). Thus, separating the two scenes resolves the discrepancies. Each apparent doublet needs to be taken case by case.
Variations in names and number. The best-known examples are the genealogies in Matthew and Luke. The differences can be accounted for by viewing Matthew's list of names as showing Joseph's family line and Luke's list as showing Mary's family line.
As noted in the previous Q & A, I would add to his list literary techniques like hyperboles. A little sensitivity to storytelling can make apparent conflicts evaporate.
Thus, what is at work in the authorship of the Gospels is that the evangelists were free within limits to shape their traditions – written or oral – but to keep to the same flow of the narratives (see Part Five: "Gospel Traditions: Melt in Your Mouth?" for more information on freedom within limits). In the next article, I will list over one hundred and forty similarities in all four Gospels and over two hundred similarities in at least one synoptic and the Gospel of John. Therefore, in the big picture, the Gospels agree on the broad historical outline and ministry of Jesus. After all, the evangelists were following the methods of Greco-Roman biographers, and so the evangelists should be read in that broader context.
Blomberg then wraps up his chapter:
All of these observations add up to a strong case for the historical accuracy of the first three Gospels. Those who disagree may be invited to reconsider their methodology and to reflect on the possibility that they are treating the biblical documents more harshly than is warranted. (p. 195)
4. Can we solve all problem texts?
Not to everyone's satisfaction. Three examples may be what we have already answered or tried to answer: "little faith, no faith"; "staff, no staff"; and "the smallest seed or not." But the vast, vast majority of problem texts have been solved more easily than we might expect at first. For me, the Gospels have a pretty good record (to put things modestly), and so does the rest of Scripture, considering it became part of history, not some ethereal, other world. If we give up on the reliability and inspiration of Scripture because of the few unsolved texts, then we have lost our bearings. Recall the scholars who said that we must not lose sight of the forest for the trees (see Q & A Two and letter C).
As inerrantist Wayne Grudem writes:
. . . Our understanding of Scripture is never perfect, and this means that there may be cases where we will be unable to find a solution to a difficult passage at the present time. This may be because the linguistic, historical, or contextual evidence we need to understand the passage correctly is presently unknown to us. (Systematic Theology, Zondervan, 1994, p. 99)
His humility about our imperfect understanding Scripture is refreshing.
5. Are these differences in the Gospels new territory for the Church?
Not at all. We must consider the breathtaking fact that the Church has been dealing with these issues for many centuries. Here are two thinkers in the early church.
Tatian, who lived around AD 110-172, put together a harmony of the four Gospels in a continuous narrative, called the Diatessaron (literally "through four"). In that link, it has been translated from Arabic, though it was originally written in Syriac or Greek, and some say Latin. In any case, note the approximate date when he lived.
Irenaeus (around AD 115-202) is a rich source of Christian traditions. He was probably from Smyrna (look under "Asia" on the map), in Asia Minor, but eventually he became the bishop of a town now known as Lyons, France. He wrote a large-scale refutation of the heresies that were gaining momentum in his days. In the linked passage, he celebrates the differences and diversity in the four Gospels (Against Heresies 3.11.8). Scroll down to sec. eight, and note the four beings to which he assigns the four Gospels.
So we must not lose sight of the historical perspective, as if we are the first ones to explore the territory and as if we should be shocked. The Church is still going strong.
6. Stranger Danger?
Children are taught to avoid strangers. At its core, the four Gospels are narratives or stories – true stories. Applying severe, rational logic onto literature, secular or sacred, or onto a good old fashioned story, may open the door for a stranger to enter the world of story. I concede that transforming truths and facts in a story into propositions can be done and maybe should be done at times, but in all cases? I doubt that it should, in the way I have done in this article, and in many other instances.
For example, in the calming of the storm episodes, in Matt. 8:26, Jesus utters emotional words, in a vocative (direct address) and an interjection, almost ("interjection" means a word or phrase that expresses emotion and gets someone's attention). "O you of little faith!" In Mark 4:40, he asks a rhetorical question, "Do you still have no faith?" Whatever grammatical labels we attach to the two expressions, they are literary devices denoting emotion.
I simply do not believe that we should boil them down to propositions and to a strict contradiction. Assuming, again, that Matthew borrows from Mark, I believe that when Matthew opted for "little faith!" after reading (or hearing) Mark's "no faith?" Matthew was not worried about a discrepancy. He intended to portray the emotion of Jesus in Matthew's own way. What we have here is the ipsissima vox (very voice) of Jesus, not his ipsissima verba (very words). Should we run roughshod over Matthew's intentional literary technique? I don't think so. It was not meant to be dissected with a sharp, steely scalpel.
However, if readers and scholars still insist on dissecting the Gospel stories with hard logic and rationalism and boiling them down to propositions, then count me out of most of the festivities, after this article. They should consult the literature in the References and Further Reading section, below.
7. What does all of this mean for the Church of all denominations?
I wrote this article for believers, not skeptics. Believers need to go out into the world, enjoying confidence in Scripture. If they hear the naysayers and nitpickers tearing it apart, then maybe this article and the References and Further Reading section will provide some good information. Knowledge is the best antidote to counter misleading public statements and personal confusion.
The Church has known about these issues for centuries, and she is still going strong, because the four Gospels have nourished her. And they can still nourish you, too, if you keep an open mind. So happy reading!
References and Further Reading
Before believers get discouraged about a passage, they need to research the literature. And before critics celebrate any "gotcha!" moment, they too need to work through the literature.
Gleason Archer. New International Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties. Zondervan, 2001.
William Arndt. Does the Bible Contradict Itself? A Discussion of Alleged Contradictions of the Bible. 5th rev. ed. Concordia, 1976.
---. Bible Difficulties and Seeming Contradictions. Rev. ed. Concordia, 1987.
Craig Blomberg. The Historical Reliability of the Gospels. 2nd ed. Intervarsity, 2007. See Chapter Four.
R. T. France. "Inerrancy and New Testament Exegesis." Themelios (1975) 12-18. He is a world-class scholar who respects Scripture. Incidentally, in that article, he explains the differences in the pericopae about the centurion (Matt. 8:5-13 // Luke 7:1-10). Did the centurion approach Jesus, or did the Jewish elders?
Norman Geisler and Thomas Howe. When Critics Ask: A Popular Handbook on Bible Difficulties. Baker, 1992.
John W. Haley. An Examination of the Alleged Discrepancies of the Bible. Scholarly Publishing House, U Michigan P, 2005.
Walter Kaiser, et al. Hard Sayings of the Bible. Intervarsity, 1996.
The New International Version Study Bible. It explains problem texts in the notes. Written by a large team of scholars, the NIV Study Bible is excellent for many other reasons, as well.
David E. O'Brien. Today's Handbook for Solving Bible Difficulties. Bethany, 1990.
Mark D. Roberts. Can We Trust the Gospels? Investigating the Reliability of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. Crossway, 2007. See Chapter Nine.
---. "Are There Contradictions in the Gospels?" October 2005.
John F. Walvoord and Roy B. Zuck. The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures. Vol. 2. Victor Books, 1983-1985. Sometimes they sort out the difficulties.
Related Topics: Gospels


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DUBUC, Sir JOSEPH, lawyer, newspaperman, politician, and judge; b. 26 Dec. 1840 in Sainte-Martine, near Châteauguay, Lower Canada, son of Joseph Dubuc, a farmer, and Euphémie Garand; m. 26 June 1872 Marie-Anne Hénault in Saint-Cuthbert, Que., and they had ten children; d. 7 Jan. 1914 in Los Angeles and was buried in St Boniface, Man.
The eldest of 15 children, Joseph Dubuc attended elementary school irregularly because he had to help his father with the farm work. At the age of 18 he left for the United States to learn English and find employment in a factory. After returning to the province of Quebec in 1859, he enrolled in the Collège de Beauharnois, which was run by the Brothers of the Christian Schools, and then in the Petit Séminaire de Montreal, where he did his classical studies from 1860 to 1866. At the latter establishment he became friends with Louis Riel*, who attended it from 1858 to 1865. He obtained a bcl from McGill College in 1869 and was called to the bar in September of that year.
Dubuc had been practising only a few months when he received a request for help from Riel, who had just formed a provisional government in the Red River settlement (Man.). In January 1870 Riel wrote to him saying he needed "an educated assistant, a man of the law, energetic, determined." Dubuc hesitated, but having met in Montreal with Abbé Noël-Joseph Ritchot*, who was negotiating terms with the federal government for Red River's entry into confederation, he was persuaded and left with Ritchot for Manitoba in June 1870. On arriving he struck up a friendship with Bishop Alexandre-Antonin Taché* and became the champion of the provisional government and of the Métis. When the troops under Garnet Joseph Wolseley forced Riel to seek refuge in the United States on 24 August, Dubuc demanded an amnesty for him and the other Métis leaders. He wrote regularly to the Montreal newspaper La Minerve to explain the objectives of the Métis and encourage francophones to settle in the Canadian northwest. With Joseph Royal*, his compatriot and partner in his Winnipeg law practice, in May 1871 he would found a French-language weekly, Le Métis, in St Boniface to advocate Métis interests.
Young Dubuc was dynamic and forceful. In Manitoba's first provincial election, held in December 1870, he ran in the riding of Baie St Paul and won by acclamation. During the early years of parliamentary life in the province, there was severe tension between supporters of the moderate lieutenant governor, Adams George Archibald*, and the so-called loyalists or anglophones from Ontario [see Sir John Christian Schultz*]. Although Riel was prevented from coming home by the dominion government's refusal to grant him amnesty, Dubuc persuaded him to run for Provencher in the 1872 federal election. So many brawls and riots broke out during this election that troops were called in. At the subsequent trial in the Court of Queen's Bench, Dubuc was counsel for the crown and Francis Evans Cornish* defended the rioters. On leaving the court, Dubuc was attacked on Main Street in Winnipeg and left for dead. His assailant would be convicted, but the rioters were acquitted.
From 1870 to 1878 Dubuc worked to preserve the often delicate alliance in the Manitoba legislature between French Canadian and French-speaking Métis mlas. A political Conservative and an ultramontane, he distrusted the Rouges, or Liberals, and focused on the maintenance of law and order. In July 1874 he was appointed attorney general in the new government of Marc-Amable Girard*, but he held office only a few months, since the ministry was replaced in December by that of Robert Atkinson Davis*. In the ensuing election, which returned Davis to power, Dubuc won in the riding of Saint-Norbert. On 31 March 1875 he was chosen speaker of the Legislative Assembly. From 1872 to 1876 he was also a member of the Council of the North-West Territories.
In the 1878 federal election Dubuc was acclaimed in Provencher. He continued to play the role of mediator between francophones and anglophones in provincial politics, until the divisions between the French Canadian and Métis mlas triggered a cabinet crisis that brought about Royal's resignation in 1879 and reduced the power of the francophones in the legislature.
Dubuc left politics that year and became a judge of the Court of Queen's Bench. He was glad of the appointment, for it enabled him to leave "the turmoil of political battles for the dignity of the judiciary." He increasingly distanced himself from the Métis and their leader Riel. In 1885 he refused to sit as an appeal judge at Riel's trial, on the grounds that the accused, whom he termed a "dangerous maniac," was engaged in religious heresy, and that he knew him personally. Dubuc continued, however, to defend the rights of French-speaking Catholics. As superintendent of Catholic schools in the province and secretary to the Catholic section of the Manitoba Board of Education from March 1872, he tried in vain to halt passage of the bills put forward by the government of Thomas Greenway* in 1890 that would end the publication of official documents in French and would create a state-supported, non-denominational education system. He was the only judge on the Court of Queen's Bench to dissent from the judgement brought down by Albert Clements Killam* in the case of Barrett v. City of Winnipeg [see John Kelly Barrett*], which ruled that the Greenway government had the right to establish such a public educational system. In 1903 Dubuc was appointed chief justice of Manitoba, an office he held until his retirement in 1909. In 1907 he had received an honorary doctorate from the University of Toronto and in June 1912 he became the first French Canadian from the west to be knighted (knight bachelor).
Dubuc's retirement was marked by pleasant periods of family life and trips to the United States and Europe. He would always be grateful to Lady Dubuc, who as wife and mother embodied 19th-century Catholic and Victorian values, for her support in his private and his public life. A great admirer and supporter of British institutions, he was described by the English-speaking élite, amongst whom he had made a place for himself, as a "man of high ideals, with an ability to adapt and a great sense of civic duty." His upright character and sound judgement ensured his success in professional and public spheres. At the same time, his memoirs and some of his actions also suggest a certain snobbishness and an appetite for honours. "Living in the world," he remarked, "one does not remain indifferent to the minor successes one may achieve, or to the consideration shown one in the upper circles of good society."
ANQ-M, CE5-19, 26 juin 1872; CE7-25, 26 déc. 1840. Arch. de l'Archevêché de Saint-Boniface, Man., Fonds Taché, lettres de Joseph Dubuc, 1870–85. PAM, MG 14, B26. CPG, 1873–79. "Feu sir Joseph Dubuc, k.b.," Les Cloches de Saint-Boniface, 13 (1914): 33–36. Gerald Friesen, "Homeland to hinterland: political transition in Manitoba, 1870 to 1879," CHA, Hist. papers, 1979: 33–47. Dale and Lee Gibson, Substantial justice; law and lawyers in Manitoba, 1670–1970 (Winnipeg, 1972). "L'honorable juge en chef Dubuc," Les Cloches de Saint-Boniface, 8 (1909): 297–98. Édouard Lecompte, Un grand chrétien: sir Joseph Dubuc (1840–1914) (Montréal, 1923). Manitoba Culture, Heritage and Recreation, Hist. resources branch, L'honorable Joseph Dubuc, k.s.m.g. ([Winnipeg], 1981). Sister Maureen of the Sacred Heart [M. M. McAlduff], "Joseph Dubuc: role and views of a French Canadian in Manitoba, 1870–1914" (ma thesis, Univ. of Ottawa, 1966). L.-A. Prud'homme, "L'honorable Joseph Royal; sa vie; ses œuvres," RSC, Trans., 2nd ser., 10 (1904),
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Diane Paulette Payment, "DUBUC, Sir JOSEPH," in Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 14, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003–, accessed February 28, 2024, http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/dubuc_joseph_14E.html.
The citation above shows the format for footnotes and endnotes according to the Chicago manual of style (16th edition). Information to be used in other citation formats:
Permalink: | http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/dubuc_joseph_14E.html |
Author of Article: | Diane Paulette Payment |
Title of Article: | DUBUC, Sir JOSEPH |
Publication Name: | Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 14 |
Publisher: | University of Toronto/Université Laval |
Year of publication: | 1998 |
Year of revision: | 1998 |
Access Date: | February 28, 2024 |


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Story Highlights• Court tosses out public school choice plans that consider race• The 5-4 ruling rejected programs in Louisville, Kentucky, and Seattle, Washington • Chief Justice John Roberts wrote opinion for conservative majority By Bill Mears CNN Washington Bureau Adjust font size:
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- A bitterly divided U.S. Supreme Court on Thursday issued what is likely to be a landmark opinion -- ruling that race cannot be a factor in the assignment of children to public schools. The court struck down public school choice plans in Seattle, Washington, and Louisville, Kentucky, concluding they relied on an unconstitutional use of racial criteria, with the 5-4 vote reflecting the deep legal and social divide over the issue of race and education. Similar plans already in place or being proposed across the country could be in danger as a result of the ruling, which would sharply limit the power of local governments to achieve diversity using race-based criteria. A conservative majority led by Chief Justice John Roberts said other means besides race considerations should be used to achieve diversity in schools. "The way to stop discrimination on the basis of race is to stop discriminating on the basis of race," Roberts wrote. But supporters of the school choice plans found some hope in Justice Anthony Kennedy's concurring opinion. While finding the two particular plans were unconstitutional, Kennedy said race could still be used in narrow circumstances to ensure integrated schools. "A district may consider it a compelling interest to achieve a diverse student population," he said. More than a half-century after the high court outlawed segregation in public schools, the justices were deeply divided over one controversial outgrowth of that decision: What role race should play, if any, in assigning students to competitive spots in elementary and secondary schools. (Watch how the ruling may indicate the court is at war with itself) The cases from Kentucky and Washington revisit past disputes over race and education, stemming from the landmark 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision. "Before Brown, schoolchildren were told where they could and could not go to school based on color of their skin. The school districts in these cases have not carried the heavy burden of demonstrating that we should allow this once again -- even for very different reasons," Roberts wrote. Roberts was joined by Justices Antonin Scalia, Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito. Kennedy proved the key swing vote in striking down the Louisville and Seattle plans. Reading his concurring opinion from the bench, the 70-year-old justice said, "This nation has a moral and ethical obligation to fulfill its historic commitment to creating an integrated society that ensures equal opportunity for all its children. "A compelling interest exists in avoiding racial isolation, an interest that a school district, in its discretion and expertise, may choose to pursue." But he added, "Crude measures of this sort [as illustrated in this case] threaten to reduce children to racial chits valued and traded according to one school's supply and another's demand." Thomas took a harder stance against the choice plans: "Simply putting students together under the same roof does not necessarily mean that the students will learn together or even interact," he said. "Furthermore, it is unclear whether increased interracial contact improves racial attitudes and relations." CNN legal analyst Jeffrey Toobin said the ruling is "going to rank with the great, important school desegregation opinions of the court's history, starting with Brown v. Board of Education in 1954." (Full story) "What this court said was even though only a few slots were determined by race, that's too many. You just simply can't consider race in deciding which school kids go to," Toobin said. "Justice Kennedy, who was the swing vote, said maybe possibly you could do it sometimes. But clearly the message of the court majority here is that race is out as a consideration in school assignments. And a lot of districts still use it and are considering using it, and they're going to have to change." Those on both sides of the issue, as well as the Bush administration, had hoped the Supreme Court would clarify when and to what lengths state and local officials can go to promote diversity in K-12 education. In a landmark case three years ago, the justices affirmed racial quotas were unconstitutional but offered a limited but powerful endorsement of affirmative action in higher education. The Supreme Court, whose makeup has changed since the first ruling, has now ruled that legal standard does not apply in a K-12 public school setting. While supporters on both sides of the issue seemed to agree classroom diversity is an important goal, differences remain over how to maintain it without the real or perceived consequence that some families may be unfairly discriminated against or inconvenienced. In dissent, Justice John Paul Stevens said the majority "reverses course and reaches the wrong conclusion. In doing so, it distorts precedent, it misapplies the relevant constitutional principles, it announces legal rules that will obstruct efforts by state and local governments to deal effectively with the growing resegregation of public schools, it threatens to substitute for present calm a disruptive round of race-related litigation." Stevens was joined by Justices David Souter, Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer. The Seattle and Louisville plans are voluntary, introduced in the years after integration of schools in many areas was managed by the courts. They were not designed as remedial efforts to achieve diversity, but to maintain it, as a reflection of the larger communities' racial makeup. During oral arguments in December, hundreds of demonstrators -- many of them African-American college students -- marched and chanted outside the court in support of the affirmative action plans. Some carried signs such as "Equal education, not segregation." Louisville-area schools endured decades of federal court oversight after schools there were slow to integrate. When that oversight ended in the late 1990s, county officials sought to maintain integration, requiring that most public schools have at least 15 percent and no more than 50 percent African-American enrollment. The idea was to reflect the whole of Jefferson County, which is 60 percent white and 38 percent black. Officials say their plan reflects not only the need for diversity but also the desire of parents for greater school choice. A white parent, Crystal Meredith, sued, saying her child was twice denied the school nearest their home and had to endure a three-hour bus ride to a facility that was not their top choice. Many African-American parents raised similar concerns. "We are here not because we didn't get our first choice, but because we got no choice," said Meredith shortly after the ruling. "I was told by the school board that my son's education was not as important as their plan. I was told I should sacrifice his learning in order to maintain the status quo." Louisville school officials said the ruling would not affect their school assignment plan for the coming school year. "Although the court held that some aspects of the [county's] student assignment plan do not satisfy the court's 'narrow tailoring' requirement, it is clear Justice Kennedy's concurring opinion will allow local boards of education to use certain race-conscious measures to maintain integrity in schools," said Frank Mellon, the attorney representing the school system. In Seattle, public schools often rely on a "tiebreaker." Under the plan, begun in 1998, families can send their children to any school in their district. When there are more applicants than spaces available, and when a school is not considered "racially balanced," race is one of several "integration tiebreakers" used to achieve diversity. A group primarily of white parents from two neighborhoods sued in 2001, saying about 200 students were not admitted to the schools of their choice, preventing many from attending facilities nearest to their homes. One school at the center of the controversy is Franklin High. Half of its roughly 1,500 students are Asian-American, a third are African-American, and about 7 percent are Hispanic. White enrollment dropped from 23 percent in 2000 to 10 percent last year. The Seattle diversity plan was suspended while the appeals worked their way through the courts. From the justices' comments during oral arguments and in the various written opinions, it was clear the legal sticking point was whether those diversity efforts represented a "compelling government interest." The Bush administration supported the parents bringing suit against the choice plans. Solicitor General Paul Clement told the justices the two plans at issue represented "very stark racial quotas." He argued they were a "clear effort to get the schools to mimic the overall community" and that other "race-neutral" means to achieve classroom diversity should be used. Find a local attorney at Martindale-Hubbell's® Lawyers.com™
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Flourish would like to invite you to join us at the street fair in Temenos Island on Naboo, in front of city hall, where Artisans of all sorts and Merchants have set up their stalls and tents to sell their merchandise. There are no vendors, just honest face to face trading. Come see who you are buying from and get a great deal on merchandise.
In the nearby tents we have dice games (with prizes), Image Designers, and a fortune teller where you can test fate. There may even be some nuna fights in the shadows, just don't get caught by the Royal Naboo Security Forces!
Join us for a silent auction, where a wide variety of items are going to be auctioned off to the highest bidder.
There will also be random giveaways that have no requirements other then you be there.


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In reviving GB Stern's 1931 play 'The Man Who Pays the Piper', the Orange Tree Theatre offers Carrie Bradshaw fans a history lesson in female liberation.
In the heady pre-First World War days of 1913, suffragette Daryll Fairley is fighting with her Victorian father over her wish to work. Jump to 1926 and she's the head of both a fashion house and her domestic one. But is she happy?
Though over 80 years old, Stern's play feels thoroughly modern. Here gender hierarchies are decided not by sex but by money, with economic powers superseding patriarchal ones – a tension felt by many affluent women today. 'The Man Who Pays the Piper' may not advance the feminist cause, but by examining these tensions and probing the idea of a woman who has it all, it is a prescient dissection of a contemporary issue.
It's also great fun and in Helen Leblique's vibrant production the jokes come as fast as the jibes. Infused with the glamour and rapier wit that defined Evelyn Waugh's Bright Young Things, Stern presents a delightfully landscaped battlefield for her heroine. Sam Dowson's design is traditional but luxurious, with costumes that wouldn't look amiss in 'Downton Abbey'.
Within a classy cast, Emily Tucker as the headstrong Faye glitters with devil-may-care joie de vivre, while Deirdre Mullins is superb as Daryll delivering a complex performance that both celebrates and resents this modern woman's newfound freedom. Honour Bayes


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This article is more than 1 year old
Apple to end AT&T's iPhone exclusive?
Good news. For AT&T
Apple's hyper-hyped iPad may not be the only thing on Steve Jobs' agenda when he takes the stage this Wednesday at San Francisco's Yerba Buena center. The latest word on the street is that Apple may also announce the end of its US iPhone-exclusivity deal with AT&T.
Over the weekend, HotHardware reported that they have been "led to believe by an inside source" that Apple and AT&T are about to end their monogamous iPhone relationship.
If true, doing so might not only boost iPhone sales, but could also bring benefits to beleaguered AT&T.
On Apple's part, ending its one-carrier US scheme should attract potential buyers who are attracted to the iPhone but feel less warmly about AT&T. One analyst, in fact, predicted last October that ending AT&T exclusivity could as much as double iPhone sales in the US. Doing so certainly worked for Apple in France and the UK, which has the highest percentage of iPhone users in the known world.
The benefits to AT&T wouldn't be as direct, but dropping exclusivity could help Big Phone dig its way out of the PR nightmare that the success of the iPhone has brought it. Although the Cupertinian smartphone has been an overall moneymaker for AT&T, it has also caused them headaches, including a short-term financial hit as they subsidized the first wave of the iPhone 3GS.
More problematic for AT&T, however, has been the enormous strain that the iPhone has put on the company's overburdened network.
Customers have flooded AT&T with complaints about dropped calls and sluggish service. Problems have been particularly acute in cities chock-full of opinion leaders such as San Francisco and New York. In the Big Apple, in fact, one luckless iPhone user who complained that he was losing around 20 per cent of his calls was told by an Apple Store "genius" that he was lucky it wasn't 30 per cent.
One hint that AT&T might be ready to share some of the network pain with another carrier is the lack of buzz we've heard lately about Big Phone trying to extend its exclusivity agreement with Apple.
And then there's the fact that both the US Senate investigation and the Federal Communication Commission inquiry into exclusivity agreements have gone curiously cold. Perhaps there has been some backroom nodding and winking going on.
Yes, the iPhone has brought new and lucrative customers to AT&T, but in other ways the exclusivity deal has been nothing but trouble. Should HotHardware's insiders be correct - if we learn this Wednesday that Apple is opening up the iPhone in the US to, say, Verizon - there might be some signs of relief heard from the Big Phone boardroom. ®


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Valar and Maiar
Valar and Maiar | |
Author | Peter C. Fenlon, Jr. |
Publisher | Iron Crown Enterprises |
Released | 1993 |
Format | Softcover |
Pages | 128 |
ICE stock no. | 2006 |
Valar and Maiar is a supplement (in the series Peoples of Middle-earth) for Middle-earth Role Playing, 2nd Edition.
Cover/Jacket Text[edit | edit source]
"...But it was not the trolls that had filled the Elf with terror. the ranks of the orcs had opened, and they crowded away, as if they themselves were afraid. Something was coming up behind them. What it was could not be seen: it was like a great shadow, in the middle of which was a dark form, of man-shape maybe, yet greater; and a power and terror seemed to be in it and to go before it." - The Fellowship of the Ring
Imagine, after hearing all the awful legends, finally confronting a dreadful spirit borne out of the great Evil of the Elder Days, an immortal demon stirred from his primaeval slumber. Imagine meeting a Balrog.
In Valar & Maiar you learn about Balrogs, as well as all the other greater spirits (good and evil) inhabiting J.R.R. Tolkien's marvelous world. These immortal beings, the mighty Ainur, helped shape Middle-earth - the place Elves call Endor. Their story dominates much of the continent's troubled history. Fallen Ainur, Morgoth, Sauron, and the Balrogs, forever haunt the land, twisting Endor's peoples and perverting its politics. Faithful valar, like Oromë and Aulë, serve as patrons of the Free Peoples. Wise Maiar, like Gandalf and Tom Bombadil, act as caretakers of the Balance of Things. Each has a place in Eru's scheme, and each has a story that colors the grand saga of Middle-earth.
Inside you'll find alphabetical listings covering the appearance, motivations, characteristics, and background of each of the Valar and prominent Maiar: Overviews describing the general nature and history of all the "Holy Ones," the immortal Ainur, including the fallen spirits known as the Great Enemies.
- Valar, or "powers," the high guardians of the world:
- Manwë, the "Breather," Maker of Winds, Lord of the Sky, and King of the Valar.
- Varda, Elbereth Gilthoniel, the exaulted Queen of the Stars.
- Oromë, the "Huntsman," the world's greatest armsmaster.
- Tulkas, the "Mighty," strongest being in Arda.
- Maiar, or "Hands," the immortal servants of the Valar:
- Tom Bombadil, master of the Old Forest and the oldest of the Ainur in Middle-earth.
- Eönwë, the mighty Herald of the Valar and greatest of the Maia warlords.
- Melian, the Maia who married an Elf-king and became Queen of Doriath.
- Goldberry, the beautiful Water-spirit whose music charms the ageless flow of the River Withywindle.
- Wizards - Alatar, Gandalf, Pallando, Radagast, and Saruman - the five Maia emissaries sent to Middle-earth in the Third Age.
- Fallen Ainur, like:
- Morgoth, the "Black Enemy," the exalted Vala who became the origin of all Evil.
- Sauron, the "Lord of the Rings," the great Maia who served as Morgoth's high servant.
- Gothmog, the "King of the Balrogs," the lost Fire-spirit that led the Host of Angband.
- Ungoliant, the frightful "Demon of the Void," who poisoned the Two Trees that gave light to the World.
Complete character stats for ICE's Middle-earth Role Playing, Rolemaster, and Lord of the Rings Adventure Game systems, as well as provisions for adapting the characters to other adventure games.
Valar & Maiar is the first title in ICE's Peoples of Middle-earth adventure game series. Each work in this collection documents a specific race or group found in Tolkien's Middle-earth. Other volumes includes Dwarves, Hobbits, Orcs, Trolls, etc. Each is a comprehensive compendium describing all the notable characters from one of Endor's varied races.
Note: ICE's Valar & Maiar is a revised compilation of material previously published as part of the work entitled Lords of Middle-earth, Volume 1: the Immortals: Elves, Maiar, and Valar. While ICE has added some new material and reorganized the data, most of the prose here was already in print when we began our revision.