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What happens when you send an engineer to do the job of an architect, all in the name of scientific progress and the everlasting quest to build a better world?
A team of Stevens Institute of Technology students, recent graduates, faculty, and staff are attempting to answer that exact question as they enter the final stretch of a U.S. Department of Energy contest that challenges colleges around the country to build a solar-powered, eco-friendly house subject to strict parameters and guidelines.
The contest, called the Dept. of Energy Solar Decathlon, consists of 10 contests that the houses compete in, ranging from comfort level and energy balance to market appeal and engineering. The house that aggregates the most points is declared the winner. The contest will take place in October at the University of California at Irvine, and will see teams traveling from as far as Austria.
The Stevens team's house, dubbed Ecohabit, is a single story, L-shaped structure currently being constructed on the Hoboken waterfront, along Sinatra Drive on the site of a Stevens-owned parking lot.
According to the students who designed it, Ecohabit is designed to simultaneously maximize the efficiency of its plumbing, electrical, and HVAC systems and the comfort level and living flexibility of its occupants.
"We came at this from the point of view of engineers. We're interested in solving problems." – William Hazen
'A house with a brain'
On a recent tour of the team's build site, students explained that they thought their house would stand out from the others in the competition due to the methodology of its designers.
"Most of the other schools that are going to be in this competition are schools with big architecture programs," said William Hazen, a recent graduate. "We came at this from the point of view of engineers. We're interested in solving problems."
Case in point – Hazen, a mechanical engineer, invented components to streamline the house's HVAC system. In addition, the house's hot water is available only on demand, saving a significant amount of energy. Like the hot water, most of the house's systems are on timers or easily controlled by a center console.
And furthermore, the plumbing is all run out of one section of the house, minimizing the necessary piping. The main water meter, along with electrical and HVAC systems, are all kept in a tiny section of the house, accessible only from the outside.
"This way, it's not only out of the way, but when the meter man comes to do a reading, you maintain your privacy," said Moy.
Additionally, half of the house sports a green roof and walls, which would automatically gather rainwater for the garden situated below. The other half powers the structure, holding hundreds of solar shingles, which the students say improves the house's aesthetic qualities, not to mention its cost.
"With the shingles, you don't have to pay for a bulky rack to put your panels on," said Claire Griffin, a mechanical engineering student.
Inside, there's a master bedroom, a dining and kitchen area, a living room, and a "flex room," which could be used for anything from a home office to a nursery. Each room is provided ample natural lighting and connects to the outside via collapsible doors, which is meant to maintain an open feel to the house.
Logistical challenges
Even for the smartest students at one of the country's top technological institutes, Ecohabit couldn't simply be built in a day. Around a year and a half ago, Mark Pollock, an industry assistant professor in the School of Engineering, gathered 20 to 30 students who had expressed interest in the project and began to plan.
"We started by doing a whole precedent study to figure out exactly what we wanted to accomplish with this, and we also tried to incorporate a lot of what we learned from our last time around," said Pollock. "But we're very confident."
The 2011 competition was the first time Stevens participated in the decathlon, when the University of Maryland took the top prize.
After the initial planning phase, students worked with local contractors, design firms, and each other to turn the house's core concepts into actionable blueprints. Given a budget somewhere in the region of $1 million, the students settled on a design that would cost around $300,000 to build, only $50,000 above the contest's suggested cost.
The Dept. of Energy granted the team around $100,000 in startup money, and the team enlisted a handful of business and technology majors to help them secure corporate sponsors to make up the rest of the money.
Given the generous budget and bevy of ideas, the students say that the build is going well and on schedule, but the hardest part is still to come. Come the end of the summer, the students will be faced with transporting Ecohabit to California and reassembling it on UC Irvine's campus.
But, in the fashion of a truly calculated team of engineers, the team planned ahead for that – the house is built in two segments, hence its L-shape, and each "module" measures the exact dimensions of a standard-sized industrial tractor-trailer.
"It just made more sense to do it that way," said Moy. "This way we transport it and put it back together easily."
Streamlined, indeed.
Dean DeChiaro may be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com


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U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of Industry and Security
Update 2011 Conference
Remarks of
Kevin J. Wolf
Assistant Secretary for
Export Administration
July 19, 2011
I. Thank You's
Thank you, Eric, for the kind introduction. Thank you also for your leadership of BIS with integrity, vision, and, humor. The honor of working with you and the rest of the BIS team to advance the country's national security and economic security interests continues. For those of you in Export Administration, thank you again for your hard work, professionalism, and dedication. Special thanks go to Bernie Kritzer and Toni Jackson and your Exporter Services team for putting together yet another terrific Update conference.
Thanks to the congressional staff for attending. Our discussions on issues of common interest continue to be productive, and there will be many more. Special thanks also go out to my colleagues from the other departments involved in export controls and the other parts of BIS's mission. The reform effort is truly an interagency effort. Although we are clearly not done, we could not have gotten as far as we have without your commitment and hard work. And speaking of commitment and hard work, I particularly want to thank the NSC's Brian Nilsson for his terrific leadership of the Task Force and all the other work he does to work through the amazing number of issues associated with Export Control Reform.
For those of you in the audience who knew me before I joined the government last year, I continue to do well, do good, serve the country, and have fun. And, yes, people still laugh at my jokes a lot more than they used to.
II. General Goals
Speaking of my life before joining the Administration, I spent almost my entire career navigating the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR), Treasury's sanctions regulations, and most of the other international trade laws and regulations. Even for a lawyer from Missouri, they are complex. And applying them to real world situations was often as much an application of lore as it was law. For small- and medium-size companies that have more limited resources and staff, compliance with the export control rules is even more daunting, thus exposing them to more transactional risks.
The results of this overly complex system are clear -- legitimate U.S. exporters are disadvantaged because of high compliance costs and the potential loss of market share because foreign customers do not want to deal with complicated U.S. rules and unnecessary collateral controls, while scofflaws are able to use our system's flaws and complexities to skirt legitimate U.S. Government restrictions. The President's Export Control Reform Initiative aims to address these problems head-on.
In light of this real world experience, I have had three general priorities since joining BIS. The first is to ensure aggressive compliance with the laws and regulations that we have now. The rule of law governs even during a reform effort. Second, I've tried address the biggest problems that exporters face on a day-to-day basis, such as unnecessary impediments on trade with close allies, becoming more reliable and predictable suppliers generally, and dealing with the (real or imagined) overlap between the U.S. Munitions List (USML) and the Commerce Control List (CCL). In the long-term, my priority is to address the compliance burden faced by exporters subject to the U.S. export control system.
To date, BIS has published two significant regulations to address overly burdensome dual-use controls. Last year I reported about the June 2010 encryption rule that streamlined some of the controls on electronic items, which also enhanced national security by getting the government the information it needs in a format it needs. And last month, BIS implemented a new license exception that facilitates exports of almost all dual-use items to allies and partners as outlined by Eric. Bill Arvin will describe this new License Exception, Strategic Trade Authorization or STA, in more detail this afternoon at his session.
III. USML-CCL Rule
A. General Comment
Most of my comments today, however, will get into the tall grass of the next step in the reform effort – the structure for how militarily less significant defense articles eventually moved from the USML will be controlled on the CCL. We published a Federal Register notice last week that describes the background, process, and the content of the plan. We also issued a fact sheet today to provide additional guidance. It is, however, such a significant and lengthy proposed rule and a novel approach to tailoring controls on defense articles consistent with our multilateral commitments and national security that I want to make sure you understand its basic elements, structure, and the background. The more you understand about what we are proposing, the better your comments on it will be. And we really want your comments. If it works and you think it achieves the President's objectives, then let us know. If we have missed something or would create unintended consequences, then let us know that, too. If we have not drafted something clearly, send us some suggested wording for us to consider. One of the key aspects of the reform effort is making American companies more reliable and predictable exporters consistent with the national security objectives of controls. If we're not doing that, then you've got to let us know.
For those who want to move from the tall grass and down into the weeds, Deputy Assistant Secretary Matt Borman will discuss more details in his presentation during the interagency panel tomorrow morning. In addition, I and my staff will get in to the roots of the topic during a question and answer session Thursday morning at 8 am in the Latrobe Room. I'll also begin again next Wednesday the weekly open, public conference calls to answer questions about the proposed regulation.
I will then switch metaphors completely and summarize these changes and a vision for export control reform on one page through the use of an image of an iceberg.
B. Reason for the USML-CCL Rule
Why are we proposing a newly structured USML and "Commerce Munitions List" within the CCL, in addition to all other reforms? National Security. It's that simple. As still best described by former Secretary of Defense Gates in April 2010, our national security will be strengthened if (i) our export control system allows for more interoperability with our NATO and other close allies, (ii) our industrial base is enhanced by, for example, reducing the current incentives for foreign companies to design out or avoid U.S.-origin content, and (iii) our resources are more focused on controlling or prohibiting, as needed, the items that provide at least a significant military or intelligence advantage to the United States.
The statutory foundation of the USML-CCL plan is section 38(f) of the Arms Export Control Act, which states that the "President shall periodically review the items on the U.S. Munitions List to determine what items, if any, no longer warrant export controls under [the Act]." The President and his Administration are still making such determinations, but it is certain that he will decide that a significant number of defense articles – largely less significant generic parts, components, accessories and attachments that are defense articles merely because they are specifically modified for a defense article – no longer warrant controls under the Arms Export Control Act.
These determinations will be reflected in what the Administration does not positively identify in the revised U.S. Munitions List categories it is working on now. Recall, as described in our December Federal Register notices, a "positive list" is one that uses objective parameters and descriptions of what is controlled, rather than open-ended, generic, catch-all, or design-intent based standards. The point of the effort is to be objective (in order to reduce jurisdictional disputes and confusion) and, at the same time, control on the USML only those items that provide at least a significant military or intelligence applicability that warrant the controls that the Arms Export Control Act requires. These controls, as implemented by the ITAR, include registration, worldwide licensing on a purchase order-by-purchase order basis, the application of the "see through rule" (through the absence of a de minimis exception), and mandatory retransfer and reexport approvals in all cases.
In other words, if there is something that is so militarily significant that we would not want it exported for ultimate end use by one of the 36 STA-eligible close ally and partner governments without a specific, individual license and all the other collateral controls imposed by the Arms Export Control Act, then it should be listed on the USML. If not, then it will generally be identified as an item to move to the CCL's new "600 series" that I will describe in a moment.
Before the President may make any such jurisdictional changes, however, the Administration must notify Congress and wait 30 days before removing any such items from the USML. The notice must "describe the nature of any controls to be imposed on that item under any other provision of law." Thus, another purpose of the proposed rule is to describe to Congress how items the President determines no longer warrant control under the Arms Export Control Act would be controlled by the EAR once the congressional notification process is completed and corresponding changes are made to the USML and the CCL.
C. Some Details of the USML-CCL Rule
As described in more detail in the proposed regulation, we are creating a new "600 series" set of Export Control Classification Numbers (ECCNs) to control the defense articles that move to the CCL from the USML as well as other Wassenaar munitions list items that have been subject to the CCL for nearly two decades now. The new "600 series" would be an extension of the existing series hierarchy in the CCL for items controlled by the various multilateral export control regimes. This aspect of the proposed rule reflects another theme of the effort, which is to create a structure for controlling on the CCL former defense articles while altering the basic structure of the EAR and the CCL as little as possible.
Some have asked how we can control military items on the CCL when the CCL is a "dual-use" list. The CCL was never a completely "dual-use" list because it controls some purely civilian items for foreign policy and other reasons and has controlled some purely military items for several decades that didn't warrant AECA controls. The more precise description of the CCL is that it controls commodities, technology, software, and some services that do not warrant control by one of the other export control agencies but nonetheless warrant some degree of worldwide or other control. The creation of the "600 series" is just a significant expansion of that long-standing concept.
We will informally refer to this new "600 series" of items as the "Commerce Munitions List." Having all such items in one series will allow for a straightforward application of a licensing policy for items that move to the CCL from the USML. It would also be a necessary intermediate step to eventually creating a single control list, which was announced by the President at last year's Update Conference.
Exporters will classify items moving from the USML to the CCL against existing ECCN entries first. If the item does not meet one of these existing control parameters, exporters will classify their item against the "600 series." The fourth and fifth ECCN characters of each new "600 series" would track the Wassenaar Arrangement Munitions List categories for the types of items at issue. The Wassenaar numbering structure for the last two characters would be used rather than the USML numbering structure to demonstrate the United States' commitment to control all Wassenaar Munitions List items and facilitate multinational companies in classifying their products in the United States and abroad.
D. Licensing Policies for "600 Series" Items
The rule proposes that items in the "600 series" require a license for export or reexport to all countries except Canada, unless a license exception is available. Multilaterally controlled items moved from the USML to the CCL would retain their regime control parameters and reasons for control, even if added to an existing ECCN or added to a new "600 series" ECCN.
Each new "600 series" ECCN will have three basic parts: controls on "end items," controls on generic "parts," "components," "accessories," and "attachments" that are "specially designed" for a specific CCL or USML entry; and specific parts and components that warrant no more than AT-only controls.
All "600 series" items would be subject to a general policy of denial when destined to a country subject to a United States arms embargo. We are, in essence, transferring the prohibitions of ITAR section 126.1 in to the EAR with respect to "600 series" items. The proposed rule would also restrict the use of license exceptions to export or reexport "600 series" items to countries subject to a United States arms embargo.
E. License Exceptions for "600 series" items
For all other countries, License Exception LVS, TMP, RPL, and GOV would be generally available for "600 series" items. Other exceptions, such as APR, would not be. License Exception GOV would only be eligible for exports to one of the STA-36 countries for ultimate end use by a government of one of the 36 countries.
For "600 series" end items, however, STA is not automatically available. Applicants will need to request that it be made available for the type of end items at issue. If the Departments of Defense, State, and Commerce agree that such end items are eligible for export under STA, then BIS will publish the determination for others to rely upon.
"Specially designed" parts, components, accessories, and attachments would, however, automatically be eligible for export under STA for ultimate end use by a government of one of the STA-36 countries.
The ultimate government end use condition for the use of STA is proposed because its purpose is to facilitate interoperability among allies, not promote the commercial sale of inherently military items without U.S. Government advance knowledge and approval. From a national security perspective, we want to know who and for what purpose foreign commercial businesses are seeking to purchase munitions items.
F. Specially Designed
We have also proposed a single definition for the term "specially designed" to be used across both the EAR and the ITAR to create an objective standard for exporters and, just as importantly, prosecutors in determining whether a license is required. While touting the creation of a definition for "specially designed" may sound arcane to the casual export control observer, to those of you that live and breathe export controls on a daily basis, this definition will create a clear line for determining the eligibility of an item for export under a license or license exception. In other words, it is another example of a higher wall that we have erected to make our system more focused and enforceable.
I will answer questions about it during the open sessions I'll conduct on Thursday on the proposed rule because, yes, it is complex upon first read, particularly because it is such a novel approach to the issue. I, however, want to summarize the purpose and structure of the proposed definition here.
As we described in December, a core element of the positive USML review exercise is to avoid using design-intent based control parameters for generic items. The Administration has nonetheless determined that it cannot completely eliminate "specially designed" as a control parameter. The term is commonly used in the multilateral export control regimes' control lists upon which much of the CCL and USML are based. A basket category for controlling militarily less significant items "specially designed" for defense articles that move to the CCL is still necessary to achieve the larger national security objectives of the reform effort. Creating a positive list of the tens of thousands of such parts, components, accessories, and attachments that warrant some degree of control is not practicable.
Our goals for the single definition are that it:
1. Preclude multiple or overlapping controls of similar items within and across the two control lists;
2. Be capable of being easily understood and applied by exporters, regulators, prosecutors, and juries;
3. Be consistent with definitions used by the international export control regimes;
4. Not include any item specifically enumerated on either the USML or the CCL, and, in order to avoid a definitional loop, not use "specially designed" as a control criterion;
5. Be capable of excluding from control simple or multi-use parts such as springs, bolts, and rivets, and other types of items the U.S. Government determines do not warrant significant export controls;
6. Be applicable to both descriptions of end items that are "specially designed" to have particular characteristics and to parts and components that were "specially designed" for particular end items;
7. Be applicable to materials and software because they are "specially designed" to have a particular characteristic or for a particular type of end item;
8. Not increase controls on items controlled currently at lower levels; and
9. Not, merely as a result of the definition, cause historically EAR controlled items to become ITAR controlled.
A definition that we think meets all these goals is the one in the proposed regulation. BIS seeks public comments particularly on whether there would be any anticipated change in controls based on adoption of this definition. Through this proposed definition, if an item is "specially designed" today, it would continue to be "specially designed" after adoption of this definition. If it is not "specially designed" prior to adoption of the definition, it also should not, except in rare cases, become "specially designed" after adoption of this definition in a final rule. As a result, BIS strongly encourages the public to report any instances in which the proposed definition produces different results from the current definition. Such comments should describe the item and why the commenter believes that the item at issue is not now "specially designed" but would be as a result of the application of the new definition.
G. General Comments
When fully implemented, we believe that the vast majority of items on the Commerce Munitions List will be destined for the 36 countries eligible under License Exception STA, once again fulfilling Secretary Gates' vision of facilitating exports to close allies and partners to address interoperability problems inherent in the current export control system – while still aggressively controlling such exports to other destinations, particularly the countries subject to U.S. arms embargoes.
In this regard, we are soliciting your help. My colleagues from the Department of State, with assistance from the Department of Defense, have been able to process munitions licenses in 17 days on average. When many of these items are moved to the more flexible Commerce Control List, we want to ensure that we do not create an unintended consequence of delaying the issuance of licenses based on BIS's current average processing time of 31 days. We would appreciate the public's input on how to ensure Commerce processes keep pace with the historical averages of the Department of State.
H. Next Steps
Our next step is to focus on rebuilding the USML categories that will have the most impact for exporters. In addition to our first test case, Category VII, we are looking at the naval vessel and aircraft categories, VI and VIII, to begin the process of populating the Commerce Munitions List. Rewriting Category XI-Military Electronics also will have a significant impact for exporters and is a priority.
Over the coming months, State and Commerce will publish complementary proposed Federal Register notices that identify what items are subject to which list. We will then notify our oversight committees on Capitol Hill and eventually publish final versions of rebuilt USML categories and newly populated "600 series" ECCNs to implement this approach.
IV. Other ECR Activities
Our principal advisory committee on export control reform, the President's Export Council Subcommittee on Export Administration, is outlining its priorities for reform. Consistent with our view, completion of the USML-to-CCL process is expected to be its number one priority. Its other priorities also are expected to align with the Administration's workplan for the remainder of 2011 and into 2012, including:
1. Issuance of a proposed single form applicable to the export control regulations of Commerce, State, and Treasury later this year. Of significance, this form will rely on common definitions of similar terms across the three sets of regulations to further harmonize the control lists.
2. Completion of the transition of Commerce and State onto the USXPORTS licensing platform, which will create new efficiencies for licensing officers and allow the Administration to start work on a more sophisticated industry portal for submission of export license applications. We also are working to upgrade our consolidated screening list of more than 24,000 related entities to provide additional user-friendly features and updates.
3. Completion of the effort to tier of the Commerce Control List.
V. Compliance Iceberg
Once the list work is moving toward completion, I can turn my attention to the effort of streamlining compliance burdens. I often use the analogy that the export control system is like an iceberg. Most people focus on the number of licenses the system requires. I agree that the imposition of unnecessary license requirements creates a drag on U.S. competitiveness, which is why the first part of the reform effort has been focused on licenses involving items and end-users that are affected most significantly, particularly with respect to trusted allies and partners and military parts and components. However, for those of you that work through our export control regulations, I understand the level of complexity and burden hours involved with classifying your products, knowing your customers, and understanding the multitude of licensing policies unique to specific products, end-users, and destinations.
The Export Control Reform "Iceberg" aptly describes the compliance burden that the export control system imposes on exporters. The "above the water" tip of the iceberg represents both the dual-use licenses that can be eliminated by the use of STA as well as the potential melting of the volume of the iceberg that could be achieved if generic parts and components were to be moved from State to Commerce and become exportable under STA. But like most icebergs, there remains the "below the waterline" compliance burden on industry based on complexity, outdated control lists, numerous and sometimes irrelevant license conditions, and divided controls across the various regulations of three agencies. We are committed to preventing the continued underwater growth and drifting of the iceberg by eliminating unnecessary requirements and providing you with the clarity and flexibility to make responsible compliance decisions. (The penguin is not drawn to scale.)
To put some dollar values to these burdens, our Office of Technology Evaluation recently conducted a survey of companies involved in the manufacture of satellites to assess the impact of export controls on their operations. While the compliance costs as a percentage of total foreign sales for primes and integrators were between 1-2%, the total costs to such companies were $60 million annually. Even more stark was the compliance cost burdens for parts and component manufacturers, who tend to be small- and medium-size companies that provide the innovation for the space industry. Approximately 8% of revenue from foreign sales goes toward export control compliance costs. That is a significant drag on the competitiveness of companies, and we must address it.
Later this year, BIS will be issuing a Federal Register notice soliciting public comments on efforts that can be taken to streamline and clarify the EAR. We also are reviewing the public comments we received earlier this year on making the CCL a more positive list. Our goal is that by the end of 2012, we will have a comprehensive proposal to simplify the EAR and start addressing the regulatory compliance burdens that drain tremendous corporate resources but are not visible to the casual observer – while still having a set of regulations that address the key national security, foreign policy, and other objectives of export controls.
VI. Conclusion
Fundamentally reforming the export control system is a time-consuming process. Even with the departure of Secretary Gates and impending departure of Secretary Locke, we have White House commitment to complete the job. We are committed to seeing the job through, too.
Our goal is to find that sweet spot between facilitating trade to trusted end users and ensuring that sensitive items do not find their ways into the hands of entities and nation states that seek to undermine our national security. It takes a collection of activities from all interested stakeholders – exporters, export counselors, licensing officers, enforcement agents, and prosecutors – to make our system effective. But its underlying foundation must be strong. That's what the President's export control reform initiative aims to do.
Our accomplishments to date, particularly with regard to the list reform structure, are significant. We must now make them consequential by putting them into force. Commerce's encryption and STA regulations represent an important start. We must now finish the rewrite of the U.S. Munitions List and complete the tiering of the Commerce Control List to set the stage for final harmonization and work toward our ultimate vision of a single control list, within a streamlined regulatory construct, administered by a single licensing agency operating on a single information technology platform, and enforced by a single primary export enforcement coordination agency.
The control list changes are the key to reform in the short-term, and addressing unnecessary compliance burdens is the key to long-term fundamental reform. I hope you share my enthusiasm for our progress and vision.
I look forward to meeting with you during this conference and listening to your constructive suggestions. Thank you.

subset: commoncrawl


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Instagram has changed the way photographs on its site display in tweets, the latest salvo in its ongoing feud with Twitter.
Instagram photos viewed on Twitter appear cropped or otherwise changed because Instagram has disabled its integration with Twitter Cards, Twitter said.
"A handful of months ago we supported Twitter Cards because we had a minimal Web presence," Instagram co-founder and CEO Kevin Systrom said at the Le Web conference in Paris. "We've since launched several improvements to our website that allow users to directly engage with Instagram content through likes, comments, and hashtags, and now we believe the best experience is for us to link back to where the content lives."
Slapping Each Other Silly
Trouble between the two has built following the purchase of Instagram by Facebook in April. Facebook's relationship with Twitter is already uneasy as both companies battle for customers in the mobile space.
In July, Twitter shut Instagram out of its Find Your Friends feature with restrictions on its application programming interface.
In early November, reports surfaced that Twitter planned to launch a range of photo filters that would let users add to pictures uploaded to the company's website. That raised questions about whether the move might blunt Instagram's growth.
That news was followed a week later by Facebook launching an update to its iOS app that includes Instagram-style photo filters.
It's Only Business
Instagram's move is the logical outcome of its purchase by Facebook in April, Lon Safko, social media expert at Extreme Digital Marketing, told TechNewsWorld.
"Facebook, Google and Apple are going to systematically look at other social networks' features, benefits and membership draw and incorporate those features into their platforms," Safko explained. "We're talking about more than [US]$25 billion at stake here."
Examples are Google "knocking off Skype with Google Hangouts and Facebook incorporating a Twitter-type chat," Safko continued. "If a feature is appealing on one platform, the strategy is to amass as many of those features as possible to draw new membership and retain current members, because membership means eyes, eyes means advertising, advertising means revenue."
Facebook "has to develop new revenue streams and a way to bolster membership with the pressure it's feeling from Wall Street," Safko contended.
Instagram is acting as a proxy for Facebook in this case. "Twitter filters Instagram, Instagram sells to Facebook, Facebook, now calling the shots, says 'Walk away from the Twitter relationship, you have us now,'" Safko speculated.
Instagram and Twitter did not respond to our requests for further details.
Will Instagram Still Friend Twitter?
Instagram will continue to evaluate how to improve users' photo experience on Twitter, Systrom said. Instagram users will be able to share content over Twitter as they did prior to the implementation of Twitter cards.
Whether the relationship between the two will continue is open to question.
"Facebook could be adopting a take-no-prisoners strategy," Safko opined. The key factor now is the value of Instagram's relationship with Twitter now that it's part of Facebook.
"Twitter is just an old high-school sweetheart that's getting in the way," Safko said. "The new wife may be saying 'cut the ties.'"
However, Instagram wouldn't be wise to cut off Twitter entirely, Safko said. "Twitter had 500 million users as of June, and that's a lot of brand engagement." Further, Facebook has to be careful about whether it gives priority to content from Instagram over that from Twitter because "playing favorites is another way of saying censoring, and you'll lose all credibility."
Twitter should also seek ways to continue its relationship with Facebook and Instagram, and perhaps might have to rethink building its own photo filters, Safko suggested. "They need to sit down together and strategize, either to work together and how that three-way relationship will work, or to part ways." But Twitter won't seek a split "if they are smart."


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The phrases "melting polar ice caps" and "rising water lines" are so ubiquitous now that they've almost lost their meaning. It's all too easy to think "it will happen to that city, not mine." Well to give us a bit more perspective, Studio Lindfors has presented us with these hauntingly realistic post-flood visions of New York and Tokyo. In a future partially submerged by melting glacier water, gondolas reemerge as a form of travel, riverside plants nestle up against neon street signs, and aquaculture blooms under bridges. It's Water World without Mel Gibson to ease the blow – scary.
Still the images are a bit soothing, like the calm landscapes of I am Legendor the long, poetic descriptions in Alan Weisman's The World Without Us. But this post-apocalyptic landscape is very much populated by people: fishing, foraging, farming, boat-powered cityfolk. Hi-tech people-movers and blimps dot the sky over simple wooden boats. Lindfors also designed the exhibitfor Design for the other 90%, so they're familiar with simple, international solutions.
So yes, we adapt. We accept the loss of skyscraper ground floors everywhere, and start paddling. Regardless, it gives us the sense of more of a middle ground between the utopia-or-apocalypse scenarios that often arise in climate change debate.
via BLDGBLOG


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Next Step Workshop – 25 Feb 2018
'The Next Step' Workshop – The nature of the universe and the obstacles to being present For students from part 4 (Presence of Mind) onwards
'The Next Step' Workshop – The nature of the universe and the obstacles to being present For students from part 4 (Presence of Mind) onwards
A tutor presents philosophical ideas, and leads a discussion based on what arises in the group. Being practical rather than academic, the emphasis is on personal knowledge and experience. Students are encouraged neither to accept nor reject the ideas put forward, but to test them in practice for themselves, in the light of their own experience.
Local face-to-face evening courses available in Birmingham.
Following all Health & Safety guidelines for your complete peace of mind.
Courses in practical wisdom for everyday living. Meet with like minded individuals.
"Absolutely loving the course!! …Really changing how I think about things and life in general."
"...I am benefiting greatly from the content and the practical nature of it. Thank you, it is enriching my life."
"The daily awareness exercises … have changed my thinking and I feel more relaxed about situations in the media and other aspects of my daily life."
"The knowledge and experience that I have gained from the philosophy classes has helped me to discover more about myself and better prepare for dealing with life's daily surprises and challenges."
Some of the themes included in the introductory course:


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Lowe's and Home Depot plan to hire seasonal workers
Lowe's and Home Depot plan on hiring thousands of workers to fill seasonal jobs as the spring and summer rush approaches.
Mooresville, North Carolina-based Lowe's Cos. plans to hire more than 53,000 full-time, part-time and seasonal workers to meet demand at its more than 1,700 stores in the U.S. It will hold a hiring event Feb. 21 at its locations throughout the U.S., from 10 a.m. to 7 p.m.
Atlanta-based The Home Depot Inc. plans to hire over 80,000 seasonal workers at its more than 2,280 stores. The company on Wednesday unveiled a new app that allows job-seekers to self-schedule an interview. The tool has been in pilot testing since November.
Lowe's employs nearly 250,000 people across the U.S., while Home Depot employs more than 400,000 people.


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Wentworth Technology's SpeedThru Drive-Thru headset system has been selected by Bruster's Real Ice Cream Chain to be an approved drive-thru communications system to be used within Bruster's stores.
"After careful review of the SpeedThru system from Wentworth Technology, we feel confident that this system will provide the professional communications required for superior service at our stores. We specifically chose the SpeedThru system based on the noise cancellation superiority, the strength and reliability of the components and the overall ease of use of the system," says Dave Guido, senior vice president of sales and operations, Bruster's Real Ice Cream.
"Bruster's is a company that delivers an exceptional end-to-end experience to their customers. We are excited SpeedThru system has been approved to provide superior functionality and clearer, more professional and more accurate communications at the drive-thru locations," says Jim Mahaney, senior vice president of sales for Wentworth Technology.
"Wentworth Technology's SpeedThru Drive-Thru Headset System provides the sound quality, durability, and ease of use that our customers, like Bruster's, have been demanding. We are happy that they have selected Wentworth's product for use in their drive-thru locations," says Dan Cox, vice president of sales for ERC.


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While time may soon run out on the First Date event in ChefVille, Zynga just couldn't help itself. The ChefVille team has released another new quest series that needs to be completed within the event's remaining three days. While the quests are voluntary, you can earn some additional rewards by completing them, so we're here with a guide to help you do just that!
The Appetite's Back
• Get 5 Violet Vases
• Cook Broccoli and Dip 5 times
• Cook Beouf Crepes 5 Times
The Violet Vases are earned by sending out individual requests to your neighbours. Meanwhile, the Broccoli and Dip is prepared on the Salad Station using one Broccoli and one Ranch Dressing per batch. Remember, while you can wait the two minutes for this dish to cook, you can also just start and stop the dish over and over again to finish this task more quickly.
Finally, the Beouf Crepes are created inside the Crepe Station using two Sirloin Beef, one Mornay Sauce and one Onion per batch. It takes 10 minutes to cook, but again, you can cook and cancel the dish five times to save time, if you've already earned all of the First Date Ribbons and don't care about waiting.
We're still working on finishing these quests in our own restaurant, so keep checking back with us as we update this guide to include details about the other two quests in this series. Good luck finishing them all in time.
More ChefVille coverage from Games.com
• Jed-Thai Master Quests Guide
• Date Supplies Quests Guide
• Romantic Crepes Quests Guide
What do you think of this (hopefully final) series of quests in the First Date event in ChefVille? Do you think you'll be able to finish them all before they expire in three days? Sound off in the Games.com comments!
Brandy Shaul is an editor at Games.com. Republished with permission. [clear]


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It's always fascinating—and sometimes a little disquieting—when two first-rate critics violently disagree. A jarring example: the response to Doug Varone's Dense Terrain last week at B.A.M.
Alastair Macaulay (The Times) calls it a "numbingly tedious and relentlessly earnest show…. Not one moment here is fresh." And more of the same.
Tobi Tobias (Bloomberg) acclaims Varone's "[m]asterly ability to blend dance, music, video and set design with an idea about the human predicament: the daunting challenge of not merely speaking, but of making oneself understood."
I admire these writers and am usually in agreement with both of them. But not this time out. Although Dense Terrain seems to me a flawed work, I was utterly gripped by it, as I always am by what Mr. Varone does. This is his first season at B.A.M. (and the 20th anniversary of his company), and he's made a highly ambitious piece, employing all the impedimenta—film projections, sliding panels, voice-overs—that have become a boring symptom of so much modern dance. And yet, like all his work, it's alive, exciting, moving. To hell with the oversize actor who's intoning and shrilling and scribbling an invented language up on the big screen and, later, on the stage itself. It's the dance invention that counts, and the dancers' deep connection with each other.
Varone dancers are kinetically thrilling. They go all the way, both when they're in vivid, rushing motion and when they're in deep stillness. In full flow, they crash across the stage, brushing against each other as they pass, jumping up to carom off each other, every moment unexpected and—yes—fresh. As a group, they're like molecules, breaking up and reforming, yet never randomly—I always sense intelligent design.
But other choreographers create kinetic excitement. What makes Varone so special is the marriage between pure dance thrill and profound human interaction. In two climactic duets, we recognize life as we know it, or sense it. The first is between two men—angry, clashing, frustrated at their inability to connect in any way other than a violent and barren kiss. The second is between a man and a woman—the blond, beautiful Natalie Desch and the affecting Daniel Charon—who lie together on the floor, barely in motion, cupping each other's heads, wrapping a leg over a body, lifting a hand to a face, bound up in their mutual tenderness: a beautiful and moving passage of achieved intimacy as a corrective to the anxieties and frustrations of all that's come before.
How can educated and sophisticated viewers react so differently to a work of art? Is it just Kulture Klash? No, since most of the time there's no Klash at all. On the occasions when we disagree, it may be because we're looking for different things in dance. That's why some of us prefer Paul Taylor to Merce Cunningham, say: It's not a rejection of, or blindness to, one man's genius in favor of the other's; it's a matter of temperament. From the first moment, some years ago, when I first encountered Doug Varone, I knew he was for me.


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Comedy / Drama / Romance
07 March, 1986
Adapted by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala from the novel by E.M. Forster, A Room with a View is a shining example of Merchant-Ivory's ability to achieve maximum quality and opulence at minimum cost. Set during the Edwardian Era, the film stars Helena Bonham Carter as Lucy Honeychurch, who like all proper young British ladies is compelled to tour Europe in the company of an older chaperone -- in this instance, her spinster cousin Charlotte Bartlett (Maggie Smith). While in Italy, the ladies make the acquaintance of a wide variety of personalities; the most fascinating of their fellow tourists -- at least in Lucy's eyes -- is free-spirited George Emerson (Julian Sands). Aware that her cousin is becoming too familiar with Emerson, Charlotte demands that Lucy return to England posthaste. Lucy complacently settles for the tiresomely traditional courtship of nerdish Cecil Vyse (Daniel Day-Lewis) -- and then Mr. Emerson moves into the neighborhood. Lucy now finds herself on the horns of a dilemma: Should she opt for a safe, proper marriage to Cecil, or the bohemian unpredictability of the charismatic Emerson? A winner of three Academy Awards, A Room with a View is not what one could call fast-moving, but fans of the Merchant-Ivory team will enjoy luxuriating in the film's leisurely pace and stimulating cast of characters.~ Hal Erickson, All Movie Guide


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Effective as of October 9, 2017
Your health information is personal, and we are committed to protecting it.
For purposes of this Notice, "DaVita" and the pronouns "we," "us" and "our" refer to all of the licensed dialysis facilities operated or managed by DaVita Inc. and/or the following subsidiaries, when such subsidiaries are acting as a covered entity under HIPAA: DaVita Rx, LLC, DVA Laboratory Services Inc., Total Renal Laboratories, Inc., RMS Lifeline Inc., Nephrology Practice Solutions, LLC, Nephrology Medical Associates of Georgia, LLC and DNP Management Company, LLC. These entities have been designated as a single affiliated covered entity for HIPAA Privacy Rule compliance purposes.
DaVita uses and discloses health information about you for treatment, to obtain payment for treatment, for administrative purposes, to evaluate the quality of care that you receive, and for other purposes permitted by HIPAA. DaVita is required by law to maintain the privacy of your health information and provide you a notice of our legal duties and privacy practices with respect to that information and to provide you with notice of a breach of your unsecured protected health information.
This Notice applies to all records involving your care that are created, and/or maintained by DaVita. Your health information is contained in a medical record that is the physical property of DaVita. DaVita is required to abide by the terms of this Notice.
DaVita reserves the right to change its privacy practices, as reflected in this Notice, to revise this Notice, and to make the new provisions effective for all protected health information it maintains. Revised Notices will be available in the clinic, on our website, or upon your request.
If you are a patient insured by the United States Department of Veteran Affairs, you may be entitled to rights and we may be subject to restrictions regarding the use and disclosure of your health information other than as set forth in this Notice. At all times, we will comply with the applicable requirements of the Department of Veteran Affairs regarding the use and disclosure of your health information.
We may use or disclose your health information, in certain situations, without your consent or authorization. Below we describe examples of how we may use or disclose your health information as permitted under or required by federal law, including instances where we will obtain your authorization. Such uses or disclosures may be in oral, paper or electronic format.
For Treatment. DaVita may use and disclose your health information to provide you with medical treatment or services or to assist in the coordination, continuation or management of your care and any related services. This includes the coordination or management of your health care with a third party. For example, a health care provider, such as a physician, nurse or other person providing health services to you, will record information in your record that is related to your treatment. This may include interdisciplinary conferences with team members from DaVita and support care teams from other facilities involved in your care and treatment or other providers who may be able to provide information or insight in the development and coordination of your plan of care. This information is necessary for other health care providers to determine what treatment you should receive.
For Payment. DaVita may use and disclose your health information to others for purposes of obtaining payment for treatment and services that you receive. For example, a bill may be sent to you or to a third-party payer, such as an insurance company or health plan, for care, items or services provided to you. The information on the bill may contain information that identifies you, your diagnosis and treatment.
For Health Care Operations. DaVita may use and disclose health information about you for operational purposes. For example, your health information may be used by DaVita or disclosed to others in order to:
Health Information Exchange (HIE). DaVita - along with other health care providers - participate in HIEs which allow patient information to be shared electronically with other participants. HIEs give your participating health care providers immediate access to your pertinent medical information necessary for treatment, payment and health care operations. If you choose to participate in the HIE, your information will be available through the HIE to other providers in accordance with this Notice and the law. However, sensitive information will never be included. Sensitive information includes:
Communication. DaVita may use and disclose your information to provide appointment reminders, leave a message on your answering machine, or leave a message with an individual who answers the phone at your residence. We may, from time to time, contact you to provide information about treatment alternatives or other DaVita health-related benefits and services that may be of interest to you, including information on DaVita Rx (DaVita's pharmacy), DVA Laboratory Services Inc., Total Renal Laboratories, Inc., RMS Lifeline (DaVita's vascular access clinics) or Nephrology Practice Solutions (physician practices owned by DaVita). In order to better serve you, we may communicate with you about refill reminders and alternative products. We may also provide you with informational materials including information about DaVita and its subsidiaries. We may also, at times, send you informational material about a particular product or service that may be helpful for your treatment. Material may come from a third party.
Destruction of Records. DaVita complies with state and federal regulations in regards to the destruction of records, specifically:
Required or Permitted by Law. DaVita may use and disclose information about you as required or permitted by law. If a use or disclosure is required by law, the use or disclosure will be made in compliance with the law and will be limited to the relevant requirements of the law. If a use or disclosure is required by law, you will be notified of any such uses or disclosures. For example, DaVita may use and/or disclose information for the following purposes:
Public Health. Your health information may be used or disclosed for public health activities such as: (1) assisting public health authorities or other legal authorities to prevent or control disease, injury or disability; (2) reporting child abuse or neglect to a public health authority or other governmental authority that is authorized by law to receive such reports; (3) reporting information to a person subject to the jurisdiction of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), for public health purposes related to the quality, safety or effectiveness of FDA-regulated products or activities such as collecting or reporting adverse events, dangerous products, and defects or problems with FDA-regulated products; (4) notifying a person who may be at risk of contracting or spreading a disease, if such disclosure is authorized by law; (5) reporting information to your employer, for the purposes of conducting an evaluation of medical surveillance of the workplace or for the purposes of evaluating whether you have a work-related illness or injury; or (6) disclosing proof of immunization to your school, or your child's school, if the school is required by law to have such proof prior to admitting you or your child. We will obtain and document your agreement to such immunization disclosures.
Individuals involved in your care. We may provide information about you to a family member, friend or other person involved in your health care or in payment for your health care. If you are deceased, we may disclose medical information about you to a family member or friend who was involved in your medical care prior to your death, limited to information relevant to that person's involvement, unless doing so would be inconsistent with written wishes you previously provided to us. In addition, upon admission to one of our facilities, we will ask you to complete a Permission to Discuss Health Information with Other Individuals formto help clarify for us which of your family members and/or friends are likely to be involved with your health care and/or payment for your health care. If we disclose information to a family member, relative or close personal friend, we will disclose only information that we believe is relevant to that person's involvement with your health care or payment related to your health care.
Clinical Trials and Other Research Activities. DaVita may use and disclose your health information for research purposes without an authorization from you when an institutional review board or privacy board has waived the authorization requirement. Under certain circumstances, your information may also be disclosed without your authorization to researchers preparing to conduct a research project, for research on decedents or to researchers pursuant to a written data use agreement.
Health and Safety. We may, consistent with applicable law and standards of ethical conduct, use or disclose health information about you if we believe that the use or disclosure is necessary to prevent or lessen a serious threat to the health or safety of a person or the public; provided that, if a disclosure is made, it must be to a person(s) reasonably able to prevent or lessen the threat. We may also use or disclose your health information if we believe that the use or disclosure is necessary for law enforcement authorities to identify or apprehend an individual who: (1) admits to participation in a violent crime that we reasonably believe caused serious physical harm to the victim, or (2) appears to have escaped from a correctional institution or lawful custody.
Notification and Disaster Relief. We may use or disclose your health information to notify or assist in notifying your family, a personal representative or another person responsible for your care of your location, condition or death. We may disclose your health information to disaster relief authorities so that your family can be notified of your location and condition.
Correctional Institutions. If you are an inmate or in the custody of law enforcement, we may disclose your health information to correctional institutions or law enforcement for such purposes as providing care, for the health and safety of yourself or others, for law enforcement at the correctional facility or for maintenance of safety, security and order at the facility in accordance with state and/or federal regulations.
Decedents. Health information may be disclosed to funeral directors, medical examiners or coroners to enable them to carry out their lawful duties. Once 50 years have passed after your death (or such other period as may be specified by law), we may use and disclose your health information without regard to the restrictions set forth in this Notice.
Organ/Tissue Donation. Your health information may be used or disclosed for cadaveric organ, eye or tissue donation and transplantation purposes.
Government Functions. We may disclose your health information for specialized government functions, such as military and veteran's activities, national security and intelligence activities and protection of public officials.
Workers' Compensation. Your health information may be used or disclosed in order to comply with laws and regulations related to Workers' Compensation.
Business Associates. We may contract with one or more third parties (our business associates) in the course of our business operations. We may disclose your health information to our business associates so that they can perform the job we have asked them to do. We require that our business associates sign a business associate agreement and agree to safeguard the privacy and security of your health information.
While we may use or disclose your health information without your written authorization as explained above, there are other instances where we will obtain your written authorization. Except as otherwise provided in this Notice, we will not use or disclose your health information without your prior written authorization. You may revoke an authorization at any time, except to the extent DaVita has already relied on the authorization and taken action.
Examples of uses and disclosures that require your authorization are:
Psychotherapy Notes. If Psychotherapy Notes are created for your treatment, we must obtain your prior written authorization before using or disclosing them, except (1) if the creator of those notes needs to use or disclose them for treatment, (2) for use or disclosure in our own supervised training programs in mental health, or (3) for use or disclosure in connection with our defense of a proceeding brought by you. "Psychotherapy Notes" means notes recorded (in any medium) by a health care provider who is a mental health professional documenting or analyzing the contents of conversation during a private counseling session or a group, joint or family counseling session and that are separated from the rest of the individual's medical record. "Psychotherapy Notes" excludes medication prescription and monitoring, counseling session start and stop times, the modalities and frequencies of treatment furnished, results of clinical tests and any summary of the following items: diagnosis, functional status, the treatment plan, symptoms, prognosis and progress to date.
Clinical Trials and Other Research Activities. While we may use or disclose your health information for certain research activities without your authorization (explained above), there are other activities which may require your authorization. When your specific treatment is part of a research study and the exceptions to authorization explained above do not apply, we may disclose your health information to researchers only after you have signed a written informed consent to participate in the research study and a written authorization to use and disclose your health information for research purposes. You do not have to sign the authorization in order to receive traditional services from DaVita. However, if you do not provide written authorization for us to disclose your health information to the researchers, you may become ineligible for the research study itself.
Marketing. If we use or disclose your health information for marketing purposes, we must first obtain your written authorization to do so, except if the communication is face-to-face by us to you or is a promotional gift of nominal value.
No Sale of Your Health Information. We will not sell your health information to a third party without your prior written authorization.
Patient Recognition. DaVita strives to celebrate and honor the lives of our patients through a variety of patient recognition activities, such as celebrating birthdays, anniversaries, graduation, weddings and other personal achievements, recognizing dialysis milestones and other health achievements, publishing newsletters, holding patient contests, posting patient photos and fun facts on the facility bulletin board or "Wall of Fame," acknowledging when a patient is hospitalized and memorializing patients who pass away ("Patient Recognition Activities"). We may also use your information to send you or your family greeting cards as part of our Patient Recognition Activities. Patient Recognition Activities are voluntary. You may participate in these Patient Recognition Activities by executing a written authorization.
Uses and Disclosures of Your Highly Confidential Information. Some federal and/or state laws require special privacy protections for certain highly confidential health information, relating to: (1) psychotherapy services; (2) mental health and developmental disabilities services;
(3) alcohol and drug abuse prevention, treatment and referral; (4) HIV/AIDS testing, diagnosis or treatment; (5) venereal disease(s); (6) genetic testing; (7) child abuse and neglect; (8) domestic abuse of an adult with a disability; and/or (9) sexual assault. Unless a use or disclosure is permitted or required by law, we will obtain your written consent or authorization prior to using or disclosing your highly confidential health information to third parties.
Media. From time-to-time, media events are hosted at our facilities. The purpose of these events is to raise awareness about chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. At these events, there may be individuals from the media as well as DaVita's public relations and marketing teams. If your image, voice or statement is captured on film, we will obtain your written authorization prior to running any news article, press statement or other publication with your image, voice or statement. Your participation in these media events and authorization to disclose your likeness is completely voluntary.
You have the following rights regarding your health information. To exercise any of the rights below, please contact your facility's Facility Administrator to obtain the proper forms.
You have the right to:
You may complain to DaVita and to the Department of Health and Human Services if you believe your privacy rights have been violated. You will not be retaliated against for filing a complaint.
DaVita will not retaliate against you for requesting access to your medical records, Notice of Privacy Practices or any other HIPAA-related documents. Further, DaVita will not retaliate against you for filing or making us aware of any HIPAA complaints or grievances.
If you have any questions or complaints about this notice or our privacy practices, please contact: DaVita Inc.
Privacy Office
2000 16th St.
Denver, CO 80202
Phone: (855) 472-9822


text: The 200 Series combines JBL's latest technological advances with a compact footprint and accessible price point, making it easy to upgrade the sonic experience in your small or mid-sized cinema. Featuring patent-pending Dual Dissimilar Arraying and Acoustic Aperture Technology, the JBL 200 series provides remarkably uniform coverage and smooth, accurate sound reproduction for every member of your audience. Models range from 12-14" thin, perfect for small and medium multiplexes with space constraints. And since the 200 Series uses the same driver technology trusted by top movie studios around the world, your audience will enjoy a more captivating, authentic experience from every seat in the house—just like the creators intended.


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I think that if you hate planning, then don't budget. Automate your savings, pay yourself first, do that little bit of extra work at the beginning, and reevaluate once something changes.
Although potentially life-changing, there are two things that most people hate doing — dieting and budgeting. Whether it's weight loss or a better financial situation that you seek, neither task is easy, they're often frustrating or boring, and it tends to take quite some time before you see significant results. With budgeting, it's more about crunching numbers than crunching abs, but if you hate math or just planning in general, there are several ways to make this important task more exciting. (See also: How to Spend Less Without Starting a Budget)
Your first step to better budgeting is finding a motivating factor that will keep you surging onward even in the face of boredom. I used to dread budgeting too, but after printing up pictures of things I would like to have or do (travel, new laptop, etc.), I noticed a substantial boost in my enthusiasm level. Having these pictures (or just visualizations, if you prefer) with me constantly — on the refrigerator, in the car, on the bathroom mirror — was helpful in keeping my mind focused on the goal at hand. We don't live in a fantasy world, though, so in order to achieve our goals, we need to put in a little (or a lot of) effort along the way. Visualizing or seeing your goals in pictorial format serves as a constant reminder why you're planning out your financial future in the first place. If you need an extra "kick," then perhaps keep a diary or start your own blog to keep track of your process (again, keeping you continuously focused on the end goal).
The Budgeting Babe has an excellent list of budgeting blogs on her website. Check out some of the blogs listed to help you kick-start your own foray into the realm of numbers and dollar signs. And consider starting your own blog or diary (or discussing your budgeting goals with a trusted friend or spouse) to keep yourself accountable for your financial situation, and thus, more likely to succeed.
Now that you're motivated and being held accountable, let's get down to the actual process. All work and no play makes one a dull budgeter. Challenging yourself to spend under $___ amount in a given category each month can get your mind off the mind-numbing calculations and more engaged with the goal of saving money. If you "win," then at the end of the month, go out and splurge a little as your reward. Just as the dieting process is nearly impossible for most people without a break (comfort food!), budgeting will grow old very quickly if you don't reward yourself for milestones along the way.
Furthermore, there are some websites and smartphone apps that can help you compose your budget in the form of colorful pie charts, which are more fun to work with and look at than just a plain spreadsheet. Two of the best websites for this process are Mint and PearBudget.
Again with the dieting references, "crashing" your way through this mildly unpleasant task is not going to work. In order to maintain a suitable level of drive and succeed in creating a functional budget, you ought to take things in little steps. Phase unnecessary expenses out slowly and factor in a savings category as your excess income builds up over the course of time. Also, fewer categories will help — not only does this mean there is less to keep track of overall, but it decreases the amount of time you'll need to spend pouring over spreadsheets and bill categorization. Speaking of bills, having as many online payments as you are comfortable with can speed up the initial formation of your budget, producing a low-maintenance, almost-automated system to help guide you through your finances in the future.
Budgeting isn't difficult unless you make it so. Take a personal finance class or read blogs if you need added help (coming to Wise Bread is a fantastic start!). With proper planning (with fun elements thrown in), you will have a budget up and running in no time.
Tell us about your budgeting tips in the comments below.
Disclaimer: The links and mentions on this site may be affiliate links. But they do not affect the actual opinions and recommendations of the authors.
Wise Bread is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com.
I think that if you hate planning, then don't budget. Automate your savings, pay yourself first, do that little bit of extra work at the beginning, and reevaluate once something changes.
Setting aside some time to record what you've purchased is important. It will also help you to see if you're staying on track. Set aside some time either daily or weekly (if you don't like planning you may want to only do it weekly).
Perhaps most important is motivation. If it's boring or you don't see a point to it, you may stop doing it. If you set up a reward for yourself, it could increase your motivation.
It's so hard to find a happy balance between budgets and fun, something i'm still battling with even now! That said, it is so important to budget especially in the current economic climate. I like to budget for a while and then reward myself with something i've wanted for ages!
Sterling Effort
Budgeting is definitely not on my top of things to do list but I seriously need to start. Planning is the difficult part for me but I'll try to make it fun and see how it works out.
I love planning but for some reason I never created and followed a budget in my life. I guess that may be why I now have so much debt to pay off.
This past December I created by first budget using Excel. It's huge and includes all expenses, debts and income. What an eyeopener. I think the next step is to set some goals on tackling the debt and getting rid of it.


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Amputation disrupts not only the peripheral nervous system but also central structures of the brain. While the brain is able to adapt and compensate for injury in certain conditions, in amputees the traumatic event prevents adaptive cortical changes. A group of scientists reports adaptive plastic changes in an amputee's brain following implantation of multielectrode arrays inside peripheral nerves. Their results are available in the current issue of Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience.
"We found that a neurally-interfaced hand prosthesis re-established communication between the central and peripheral nervous systems, not only restructuring the areas directly responsible for motor control but also their functional balance within the bi-hemispheric system necessary for motor control," says lead investigator Camillo Porcaro, PhD, of the Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK and the Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC) – National Research Council (CNR).
A 26-year old male with a left arm amputation was implanted with four microelectrode arrays in the ulnar and median nerves of his stump for four weeks. Prior to implantation, he was trained for two weeks by video to perform three specific movements with his phantom hand. During the experimental period, he underwent intensive training to control a hand prosthesis using the implanted microelectrodes to perform the same hand grip tasks. Together with visual feedback from the prosthesis, the patient received sensory feedback from an experimenter, who delivered electrical pulses to the nerves activated by each movement. EEG signals were recorded as the patient moved his right hand and the prosthesis.
The patient's right hand movement showed clear activation of the primary sensory and motor areas for right hand movement, on the left side of the brain. Prior to implantation, commands to move the phantom left hand triggered the primary sensory and motor areas on the left side of the brain, and the pre-motor and supplementary motor cortices on both sides of the brain. No primary motor cortex movement was found on the right side of the brain, as would be expected.
After the four weeks of prosthesis motor control training with implanted microelectrodes, cerebral activation changed markedly. Cortical recruitment became almost symmetrical with right hand movements. The presence of intra-fascicular electrodes allowed new signals to be delivered through peripheral nerves towards the cortex and produced an intensive exchange of sensori-motor afferent and efferent inputs and outputs. Four weeks of training led to a new functional recruitment of sensorimotor areas devoted to hand control.
"Taken together, the results of this study confirm that neural interfaces are optimal candidates for hand prosthesis control," says Dr. Porcaro. "They establish communication channels needed for natural control of the prosthesis. Furthermore, neural interfaces recreate the connection with the environment that promotes restorative neuroplasticity. Bi-hemispheric networks regain the physiological communication necessary for motor control."


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Editor's Note: Dr. Aaron E. Carroll is an associate professor of pediatrics at the Indiana University School of Medicine and the director of the university's Center for Health Policy and Professionalism Research. He blogs about health policy at the Incidental Economist.
Story highlights
Papa John's Pizza's CEO said the Affordable Care Act will raise the cost of his pizza
No one thinks government spending is free, says Dr. Aaron E. Carroll
Even Americans who get their insurance from their employers pay for their care, he says
Carroll: More expensive pizza is a tiny price to pay for the benefits of health care reform
Last week, John Schnatter, the founder and CEO of Papa John's Pizza, announced that the Affordable Care Act will raise the cost of his pizza 11 to 14 cents each, or 15 to 20 cents per order. This has caused some to gloat that Obamacare won't be "free" after all but will be passed down to consumers in the form of higher prices.
Well, duh.
For the sake of this discussion, I'm going to ignore the fact that Schnatter is a supporter and fundraiser for Mitt Romney, and take him at his word. I'm also going to assume that his numbers are not inflated at all but represent an accurate representation of what will happen in 2014.
Still – this isn't news.
Opinion: Why Mitt Romney is losing
Let's start with the idea, espoused by many who oppose the law, that there is some expectation from those that support the law that health care is "free." It's not, and no one I know defends it as such.
It costs a lot of money to enact the law: The most recent estimate is well over a trillion dollars over the next decade. It is referred to as deficit-reducing, however, because it lowers spending in other areas or collects new revenue, such that its costs are more than paid for. But no one should think that it doesn't cost money.
Moreover, no one should think that individuals won't pay for the law. Of course they will. Everything the government does is paid for by individual Americans, including the Affordable Care Act. That's what taxes are for.
What the health care ruling means to you
Some may try to argue that more than half of Americans don't pay any taxes, but they are referring only to federal income tax. Those people still pay payroll taxes, sales taxes, state income taxes, excise taxes and more. When you add all of those up, it turns out that nearly everyone pays taxes.
We're all paying for the Affordable Care Act, just as we all pay for defense spending, we all pay for Medicaid, and we all pay for Social Security. No one thinks government spending is free.
Uninsured Americans who get private insurance in the exchanges are going to pay even more. Even those receiving the largest subsidies will still have to pay for some of their premiums, along with additional out-of-pocket costs. As people earn more, their share of health care spending goes up, too. They all pay.
Even Americans who get their insurance from their employers pay for their care. No one should be under the illusion that their "bosses" are generously picking up the tab. There are many studies that show that premiums and wages offset one another. Employees (read: individuals) pay for their health insurance themselves through lower wages.
So let's stop attacking the Affordable Care Act because it will mean that we – meaning individual Americans – are paying for health care. We always do.
Let's circle back around to Papa John's, though. Part of what the act does is mandate that companies start providing health insurance to their employees or pay a penalty. Since some don't do that already, this will cost them money. They could take this out of profits or reduce the salaries of their executives, but they will probably do what every business does: They'll pass it on to the consumer.
This is as it should be. Some companies probably keep costs down by not providing comprehensive health benefits to their employees. Now, they will have to. I imagine some companies already do, which probably increases their costs, and now they will be on a more level playing field. Regardless, Papa John's is telling you that people who order its pizza will now bear the cost of its employees' health insurance.
Again – as it should be! Should people who don't order Papa John's pizza have to pay for that insurance? That's what's happening now.
In 2004, for instance, more than half of Wal-Mart employees (PDF) did not get health care coverage through their jobs. More than a quarter of children of Wal-Mart employees therefore got their insurance through Medicaid or SCHIP. That means Wal-Mart didn't pay for their health insurance; taxpayers did. Moreover, every time an uninsured employee had to go to an emergency department and receive uncompensated care, who paid for that? The rest of us.
Where in the world can you get universal health care?
Things got so bad that Maryland passed a law in 2006 that pretty much targeted Wal-Mart to demand that it spend 8% of payroll on health benefits or pay the difference to Medicaid. Yes, Wal-Mart might have had to raise its prices a bit to cover that. But doesn't it make more sense for those who choose to shop at Wal-Mart to foot the bill, than for everyone, including those who don't, to have to pay for its employees' health care?
You may believe that we, as a country, shouldn't pay for care for the uninsured. But most of us are unwilling to let the sick, especially children, suffer. So we – individual Americans – have been paying for this health care, saving those companies money, regardless of whether we availed ourselves of their services. No longer. Under the Affordable Care Act, those costs will be the responsibility of those businesses and eventually their customers.
One last point. My kids happen to love Papa John's. Some Saturdays, when my wife and I go out, they will order pizza from there. The usual delivery runs about $20. According to Schnatter, the cost of health insurance to his employees might raise the price about 1%. If it had gone up twice that because of a pepperoni shortage, I doubt it would have made the news at all.
More than 30 million Americans will get insurance under the Affordable Care Act. Tens of millions more will be protected from underinsurance, annual and lifetime limits, and unfair price increases. If the downside of this is that my pizza costs 20 cents more, that seems a pretty small price to pay.
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The opinions in this commentary are solely those of Aaron E. Carroll.


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Daily Metered Parking: $5 a day, weekends and holidays included. Permit Parking: Pay an annual fee. Permits are for railroad commuter use only. It is further understood that a permit does not guarantee a parking space. Permits purchased for less than a full year will be pro-rated. There is resident permit parking and non-resident permit parking. Refer to Parking Map. Resident ID Tags: Tags are available to residents, at no charge, who commute infrequently. A limited number of designated spaces are available near the platform. A $5 daily meter fee must be paid. Refer to Parking Map.
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Overnight parking is available at Convent Train Station. Payment is dependent upon the length of time you are parking. For example: if you are parking for five days, at $5 per day you would pay $25 at the outset. $5 per day including weekends and holidays.
Annual Permits are purchased at the Township's Clerks Office. Located at 50 Woodland Avenue, Morris Twp.(check only for payment) Meters are paid after you park your car and have obtained your space number. When facing the platform from the parking lot the pay stations are to the left. Excepts Master and Visa Credit Cards. Must use exact Currency: coin, $1, or $5 dollar bill. The machine does not make change or *refunds. Exact change only. * no refunds will be made for any amount under $10. Bring your receipt ($10 or over) to the Township Clerks Office or call 973-326-7430 for further information. You may also pay by phone: Use mPay2Park to pay-by-phone. Register online or download the mPay2Park free application. The initial registration takes only minutes, and once established a parking transaction takes even less time. There will be a $0.30 convenience fee for each parking translation. A days parking will cost $5.30 altogether when using mPay2Park. Visit mPay2Park's link.
Permit Refunds: Refunds shall be calculated on number of full months remaining, excluding the month of surrender, less an administrative charge of 10% of the remaining value or $25, whichever is greater. Daily Metered Parking Refunds: Must use exact currency: coin, $1, or $5 dollar bill. Exact amount only! The machine does not make change or *refunds *No refunds will be made for any amount under $10. Bring your receipt ($10 or over) to the Township Clerk's Office or call 973-326-7430 for further information
For Permit Parking and refunds please call the Clerk's Department at 973-326-7430 For Meter questions or concerns please call the Admin Office at 973-326-7360
This will occasionally happen, especially on matinee days. Arrive early, not guaranteed a spot if you arrive later. Madison, Morristown, and Morris Plains are the next closest stations.
Please place the printed receipt in the front window of your vehicle.
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Miami, FL – LeBron James got his ring and then went out and played like a king.
Although he missed a majority of the fourth quarter with leg cramps, James tallied 26 points and 10 rebounds in the defending-champion Miami Heat's 120-107 victory over the Boston Celtics on NBA's opening night.
The 2012 NBA and Finals MVP exited the game late in the third quarter with cramps, came back at the start of the fourth and made a deep jumper to give Miami its largest lead, and then exited again shortly thereafter.
It's been a big year of accolades for James, who went 10-of-16 from the floor. He led the U.S. to another gold medal at the Summer Olympics in London.
Dwyane Wade netted 29 points, while Chris Bosh added 19 points and 10 boards for Miami, which knocked off the Celtics in seven games during the Eastern Conference finals.
Paul Pierce scored 23 points and Rajon Rondo registered 20 points and 13 assists for Boston, which won last season's season series between its heated rivals, 3-1.


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Georg Simon Ohm
Quick Info
Erlangen, Bavaria (now Germany)
Munich, Bavaria, Germany
Georg Simon Ohm came from a Protestant family. His father, Johann Wolfgang Ohm, was a locksmith while his mother, Maria Elizabeth Beck, was the daughter of a tailor. Although his parents had not been formally educated, Ohm's father was a rather remarkable man who had educated himself to a high level and was able to give his sons an excellent education through his own teachings. Had Ohm's brothers and sisters all survived he would have been one of a large family but, as was common in those times, several of the children died in their childhood. Of the seven children born to Johann and Maria Ohm only three survived, Georg Simon, his brother Martin who went on to become a well-known mathematician, and his sister Elizabeth Barbara.When they were children, Georg Simon and Martin were taught by their father who brought them to a high standard in mathematics, physics, chemistry and philosophy. This was in stark contrast to their school education. Georg Simon entered Erlangen Gymnasium at the age of eleven but there he received little in the way of scientific training. In fact this formal part of his schooling was uninspired stressing learning by rote and interpreting texts. This contrasted strongly with the inspired instruction that both Georg Simon and Martin received from their father who brought them to a level in mathematics which led the professor at the University of Erlangen, Karl Christian von Langsdorf, to compare them to the Bernoulli family. It is worth stressing again the remarkable achievement of Johann Wolfgang Ohm, an entirely self-taught man, to have been able to give his sons such a fine mathematical and scientific education.
In 1805 Ohm entered the University of Erlangen but he became rather carried away with student life. Rather than concentrate on his studies he spent much time dancing, ice skating and playing billiards. Ohm's father, angry that his son was wasting the educational opportunity that he himself had never been fortunate enough to experience, demanded that Ohm leave the university after three semesters. Ohm went (or more accurately, was sent) to Switzerland where, in September 1806, he took up a post as a mathematics teacher in a school in Gottstadt bei Nydau.
Karl Christian von Langsdorf left the University of Erlangen in early 1809 to take up a post in the University of Heidelberg and Ohm would have liked to have gone with him to Heidelberg to restart his mathematical studies. Langsdorf, however, advised Ohm to continue with his studies of mathematics on his own, advising Ohm to read the works of Euler, Laplace and Lacroix. Rather reluctantly Ohm took his advice but he left his teaching post in Gottstadt bei Nydau in March 1809 to become a private tutor in Neuchâtel. For two years he carried out his duties as a tutor while he followed Langsdorf's advice and continued his private study of mathematics. Then in April 1811 he returned to the University of Erlangen.
His private studies had stood him in good stead for he received a doctorate from Erlangen on 25 October 1811 and immediately joined the staff as a mathematics lecturer. After three semesters Ohm gave up his university post. He could not see how he could attain a better status at Erlangen as prospects there were poor while he essentially lived in poverty in the lecturing post. The Bavarian government offered him a post as a teacher of mathematics and physics at a poor quality school in Bamberg and he took up the post there in January 1813.
This was not the successful career envisaged by Ohm and he decided that he would have to show that he was worth much more than a teacher in a poor school. He worked on writing an elementary book on the teaching of geometry while remaining desperately unhappy in his job. After Ohm had endured the school for three years it was closed down in February 1816. The Bavarian government then sent him to an overcrowded school in Bamberg to help out with the mathematics teaching.
On 11 September 1817 Ohm received an offer of the post of teacher of mathematics and physics at the Jesuit Gymnasium of Cologne. This was a better school than any that Ohm had taught in previously and it had a well equipped physics laboratory. As he had done for so much of his life, Ohm continued his private studies reading the texts of the leading French mathematicians Lagrange, Legendre, Laplace, Biot and Poisson. He moved on to reading the works of Fourier and Fresnel and he began his own experimental work in the school physics laboratory after he had learnt of Oersted's discovery of electromagnetism in 1820. At first his experiments were conducted for his own educational benefit as were the private studies he made of the works of the leading mathematicians.
The Jesuit Gymnasium of Cologne failed to continue to keep up the high standards that it had when Ohm began to work there so, by 1825, he decided that he would try again to attain the job he really wanted, namely a post in a university. Realising that the way into such a post would have to be through research publications, he changed his attitude towards the experimental work he was undertaking and began to systematically work towards the publication of his results [1]:-
Overburdened with students, finding little appreciation for his conscientious efforts, and realising that he would never marry, he turned to science both to prove himself to the world and to have something solid on which to base his petition for a position in a more stimulating environment.In fact he had already convinced himself of the truth of what we call today "Ohm's law" namely the relationship that the current through most materials is directly proportional to the potential difference applied across the material. The result was not contained in Ohm's firsts paper published in 1825, however, for this paper examines the decrease in the electromagnetic force produced by a wire as the length of the wire increased. The paper deduced mathematical relationships based purely on the experimental evidence that Ohm had tabulated.
In two important papers in 1826, Ohm gave a mathematical description of conduction in circuits modelled on Fourier's study of heat conduction. These papers continue Ohm's deduction of results from experimental evidence and, particularly in the second, he was able to propose laws which went a long way to explaining results of others working on galvanic electricity. The second paper certainly is the first step in a comprehensive theory which Ohm was able to give in his famous book published in the following year.
What is now known as Ohm's law appears in this famous book Die galvanische Kette, mathematisch bearbeitet Ⓣ (1827) in which he gave his complete theory of electricity. The book begins with the mathematical background necessary for an understanding of the rest of the work. We should remark here that such a mathematical background was necessary for even the leading German physicists to understand the work, for the emphasis at this time was on a non-mathematical approach to physics. We should also remark that, despite Ohm's attempts in this introduction, he was not really successful in convincing the older German physicists that the mathematical approach was the right one. To some extent, as Caneva explains in [1], this was Ohm's own fault:-
... in neither the introduction nor the body of the work, which contained the more rigorous development of the theory, did Ohm bring decisively home either the underlying unity of the whole or the connections between fundamental assumptions and major deductions. For example, although his theory was conceived as a strict deductive system based on three fundamental laws, he nowhere indicated precisely which of their several mathematical and verbal expressions he wished to be taken as the canonical form.It is interesting that Ohm's presents his theory as one of contiguous action, a theory which opposed the concept of action at a distance. Ohm believed that the communication of electricity occurred between "contiguous particles" which is the term Ohm himself uses. The paper [8] is concerned with this idea, and in particular with illustrating the differences in scientific approach between Ohm and that of Fourier and Navier. A detailed study of the conceptual framework used by Ohm in formulating Ohm's law is given in [6].
As we described above, Ohm was at the Jesuit Gymnasium of Cologne when he began his important publications in 1825. He was given a year off work in which to concentrate on his research beginning in August 1826 and although he only received the less than generous offer of half pay, he was able to spend the year in Berlin working on his publications. Ohm had believed that his publications would lead to his receiving an offer of a university post before having to return to Cologne but by the time he was due to begin teaching again in September 1827 he was still without such an offer.
Although Ohm's work strongly influenced theory, it was received with little enthusiasm. Ohm's feeling were hurt, he decided to remain in Berlin and, in March 1828, he formally resigned his position at Cologne. He took some temporary work teaching mathematics in schools in Berlin.
He accepted a position at Nüremberg in 1833 and although this gave him the title of professor, it was still not the university post for which he had strived all his life. His work was eventually recognised by the Royal Society with its award of the Copley Medal in 1841. He became a foreign member of the Royal Society in 1842. Other academies such as those in Berlin and Turin elected him a corresponding member, and in 1845 he became a full member of the Bavarian Academy.
This belated recognition was welcome but there remains the question of why someone who today is a household name for his important contribution struggled for so long to gain acknowledgement. This may have no simple explanation but rather be the result of a number of different contributary factors. One factor may have been the inwardness of Ohm's character while another was certainly his mathematical approach to topics which at that time were studied in his country a non-mathematical way. There was undoubtedly also personal disputes with the men in power which did Ohm no good at all. He certainly did not find favour with Johannes Schultz who was an influential figure in the ministry of education in Berlin, and with Georg Friedrich Pohl, a professor of physics in that city.
Electricity was not the only topic on which Ohm undertook research, and not the only topic in which he ended up in controversy. In 1843 he stated the fundamental principle of physiological acoustics, concerned with the way in which one hears combination tones. However the assumptions which he made in his mathematical derivation were not totally justified and this resulted in a bitter dispute with the physicist August Seebeck. He succeeded in discrediting Ohm's hypothesis and Ohm had to acknowledge his error. See [10] for details of the dispute between Ohm and Seebeck.
In 1849 Ohm took up a post in Munich as curator of the Bavarian Academy's physical cabinet and began to lecture at the University of Munich. Only in 1852, two years before his death, did Ohm achieve his lifelong ambition of being appointed to the chair of physics at the University of Munich.
References (show)
- K L Caneva, Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). See THIS LINK.
- Biography in Encyclopaedia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/biography/Georg-Simon-Ohm
- E Deuerlein, Georg Simon Ohm, 1789-1854 (Erlangen, 1939).
- C Jungnickel and R McCormmach, Intellectual Mastery of Nature : Theoretical physics from Ohm to Einstein, 2 Volumes (Chicago, 1986).
- H von Füchtbauer, Georg Simon Ohm. Ein Forscher wächst aus seiner Väter Art (Berlin, 1939).
- T Archibald, Tension and potential from Ohm to Kirchhoff, Centaurus 31 (2) (1988), 141-163.
- G Baker, Georg Simon Ohm, Short wave magazine 52 (1953), 41.
- B Pourprix, G S Ohm théoricien de l'action contigue, Arch. Internat. Hist. Sci. 45 (134) (1995), 30-56.
- B Pourprix, La mathématisation des phénomènes galvaniques par G S Ohm (1825-1827), La mathématisation 1780-1830, Rev. Histoire Sci. 42 (1-2) (1989), 139-154.
- R S Turner, The Ohm-Seebeck dispute, Hermann von Helmholtz, and the origins of physiological acoustics, British J. Hist. Sci. 10 (34) (1) (1977), 1-24.
Additional Resources (show)
Other pages about Georg Simon Ohm:
Other websites about Georg Simon Ohm:
Honours (show)
Honours awarded to Georg Simon Ohm
Cross-references (show)
Written by J J O'Connor and E F Robertson
Last Update January 2000
Last Update January 2000