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We know that physicians are great candidates for cash balance plans. This is because they have high and consistent incomes.
But the issue we see with physicians is that they often have various entity structures. Many operate as sole proprietors or have individual sole S-corporations. But some operate in a group structure.
Group structures can take a variety of different forms. We have seen them structured as partnerships, S-corporations, and C-corporations. The older the physician practice, the more likely they are to be in a C-corporation structure.
Depending on the entity structure, there can be issues and pros and cons with different ways to structure the cash balance plans. This post will look at typical physician group structures and guide you on how these plans can be structured. Let's jump in.
Table of Contents
Large Physician Group Structure
Let's assume there is a group of five physicians. They have a contract with a hospital to provide specific medical services. The contract is with an LLC that is structured as a partnership. The physicians employ six employees to assist them with the practice.
Of the six employees, four are physician assistants, and two are billing and administrative. The physician assistants each make $150,000 yearly, while the two administrative task employees earn $50,000 annually.
All the hospital buildings are done at the partnership level. However, based on services performed to the partnership, each physician has their own S Corp. that builds the partnership. So the partnership basically has a net zero profit at the end of the year. Income comes in, it pays for its staff and other administrative expenses, and the physicians take out their share based on earnings. So not any profit at the partnership level.
However, each physician now has taken their billings to their S-Corps. At this level, they pay themselves a W-2 and have any individual expenses that they may have, like auto, tax fees, and any other administrative costs not paid by the partnership.
It's all based on a structure like this. What is the best way to set up the plan? Should there be one plan that covers all entities? Or should each physician have a cash balance plan? I will take a look at a couple of options.
First, we know a control group and affiliated service group issue. As such, testing will have to be passed for all employee contributions.
The good news is that because the physician assistants are paid $150,000 a year, they are considered HCEs and can be excluded from the plan. Of course, the two administrative staff must be included in the plan design because they will need to receive a meaningful benefit, past gateway, and another testing. But let's assume for the argument that they receive 10% of their pay as a contribution towards the plans.
Small Physicians Group Structure
Let's look at another physician group structure. Let's assume the following:
- Three physicians have a contract with a hospital.
- The entity with the contract is an LLC taxed as a partnership.
- Each physician has a 1/3 ownership in the LLC partnership.
- There are no other employees other than the three doctors.
Let's take it a step further and assume the following:
- The physicians provide services to the LLC partnership and receive payment in return.
- Payment goes is made to S-Corporations that are set up by each physician.
- Each physician owns 100% of their respective S-Corporation.
- The respective owners will then pay their own specific expenses within that S-corporation.
So basically, we are left with three physician owners with high incomes.
Since there are no additional employees, we are left with three highly compensated employees (HCEs). The good news is that we can exclude the HCEs from the plan if we look at eligibility. But the one problem we have is that if there are at least two eligible employees. Then you need to include two employees in the plan, or you need to provide a meaningful benefit to 40% of the employees, with a minimum of two employees receiving a benefit.
Let's assume one of the physicians wants to set up a defined benefit plan and contribute to their S Corp. Can this physician open up a plan without contributing to the other two? Well, answer this question.
The answer, unfortunately, is no. The reason is that defined benefit plan rules require that if there are two or more eligible employees, at least two employees must receive a meeting for benefit.
So in this situation, because we have an affiliated service group relationship, even though the physicians are all HCEs, we must include at least two of them in the plan.
In addition, they need to receive at least a meaningful benefit. As such, one physician could possibly receive a contribution of $200,000, while another one might be able to receive only $3,000. Since this is technically an owner-only plan, you don't have to contribute to a profit-sharing plan to pass compliance testing.
So the result here is that it can be challenging for one party because the other physicians do not want to contribute. It's very likely that one physician would not like to make such a small contribution to the other, even though it might make economic sense based on their tax situation.
The IRS has a two pronged test under 401(a)(26) that requires:
- The smaller of 50 people or 40% of the eligible employees receive a benefit under the plan; and
- These benefit must be "meaningful".
Pros & Cons of Plan Structure
Advantages of a Plan at Group Level
- Lower overall administration costs
- Testing only at the consolidated level
- Contributions deducted at the partnership level
Advantages of a Plan at Individual Level
Here are some of the advantages of doing a plan at individual level:
- More control over individual contributions
- Each physician can control own investments and is not "pooled" at the entity level.


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HUMOUR & FANTASY. New York: E. P. Dutton and Company, Inc., [1931]. Octavo, pp. [i-iv] v-x [1] 2-1173 [1174], original light green cloth, front and spine panels stamped in dark green, top edge stained red. First edition, U.S. issue. 1174-page omnibus volume collecting four novels, VICE VERSA (1882), THE TINTED VENUS (1895), A FALLEN IDOL (1886) and THE BRASS BOTTLE (1900), and seventeen stories from THE TALKING HORSE (1892) and SALTED ALMONDS (1906). A convenient edition of Anstey's best work. Barron (ed), Fantasy Literature 2-5, 2-6, 2-7, 2-8, and 3-5. Bleiler, The Guide to Supernatural Fiction 33. Schlobin, The Literature of Fantasy 455. Survey of Modern Fantasy Literature II, pp. 760-64. Bleiler (1978), p. 9. Reginald 00358. A clean, tight, very good or better copy. (#118303).
Price: $45.00
"First edition in one volume . . 1931" on copyright page.

subset: commoncrawl


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You can donate your old tennis racquets to one of the Salvation Army's stores. They will sell your racquet and use the money it raises to support their charitable endeavors.
Just so, how do you repurpose a tennis racket?
Great Ways to Upcycle an Old Tennis Racquet
Paint an old racquet and use it as a jewelry holder. Grab some yarn or embroidery thread and make some woven racquet wall art. Add cork board behind the strings for another version of a racquet cork board. Slice and dice an old racquet and turn it into an awards shelf.
Also know, how do you make a tennis racket out of cardboard?
Are old tennis rackets worth money?
There's really no right or wrong approach because it's a matter of preference. For collectors of rare or vintage rackets, often the value is found in the historical or sentimental significance of the item. There are a few who are willing to pay the big bucks for the privilege of ownership.
How long do tennis rackets last?
For a big hitter, training regularly and playing tournaments, rackets last about 1 year and tend to lose stiffness after that. A club player who does not hit the ball particularly hard and looks after their rackets can have rackets last for 10 years or perhaps more without problems.
How do you turn a tennis racket into a mirror?
The easy-to-make mirror needs an old tennis racket, custom-cut mirror and Liquid Nails Mirror Adhesive. To begin with, first mark the exact shape of the racket onto a paper, and custom-cut the mirror to easily fit inside the tennis rim. If you can't cut it yourself, then get it custom-cut from any nearby glass shop.
What does making a racket mean?
intransitive verb. 1 : to engage in active social life. 2 : to move with or make a racket.
What is the difference between racket and racquet?
Racket is the standard spelling of the word. Racquet is an alternative spelling used more commonly in certain sports (squash, racquetball, badminton) and less commonly in others. The International Tennis Federation uses racket exclusively.
How do you make a table tennis racket at home?


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UFC champion Khabib Nurmagomedov has shown a photograph of himself with a severely swollen head in intensive care before his fight with Justin Gaethje at UFC 254.
The lightweight champion contracted mumps just weeks before the fight — as did a number of his team-mates — and ended up spending five days in intensive care in hospital.
The 32-year-old, however, defied concerns about his health by putting in a powerful performance to defeat Gaethje in the second round of the fight, via submission.
He retired from MMA after the bout.
Now, Khabib has opened up on his medical emergency, telling journalist Magomed Ismailov: 'I started feeling worse on the plane and when we arrive, I get a high fever.
'It was getting really bad and after a while, I was taken to the hospital, and I had intensive care for five days. It was really bad.
'After 10 days, I broke my thumb. I broke my thumb on October 7.'
He also showed a photo of himself from the time. looking severely swollen.
He added: 'I was having so much (to deal with) with this fight, the disease and fractures.
'At the end of the day, we decided to keep the fight on.'


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Because they are so focused on diesel prices and Midwest flooding, many in the farm and construction industries may be unaware of the regulatory tsunami heading their way from California. On June 15, the state formally implemented regulations governing emissions from diesel-powered construction and airport equipment currently being used. Similar regulations for agricultural equipment are expected to be developed next year.
Although the new rules are currently limited to California, as many as 20 states are thinking about adopting them. The rules will change the financial strategies fleet managers employ to reduce emissions — from one focused on new equipment purchases to one focused on retrofits. It will also make much of their older equipment virtually worthless, which would affect both their bonding ability and their bottom line.
At the same time, the regulations could prove to be a boon for equipment manufacturers because they mandate an aftermarket for retrofit products and will force many fleet managers to purchase new equipment at a faster rate than they normally would.
California Air Resources Board (CARB) argues the new regulations are necessary because off-road equipment is a major contributor to air pollution. The regulations are expected to achieve a 37% reduction in particulate emissions by 2010 and 92% reduction by 2020. CARB says the regulations will also reduce NOx emissions 13% by 2015 and 32% by 2020.
Mandating retrofits, repowering and purchasing new equipment
The regulations require fleets to install particulate filters and other exhaust retrofits to capture particulate matter (soot). They also require owners of medium and large fleets to repower or purchase new equipment to reduce NOx emissions.
The regulation will be implemented in phases:
- 2010 for large fleets with more than 5,000 hp
- 2013 for medium fleets with between 2,501 to 5,000 hp
- 2015 for small fleets, with less than 2,500 hp
The new regulations are significant for two reasons. They mark the first time state regulators have effectively circumvented the federal government's prohibition against state-by-state emission regulations for off-road equipment. They also create the nation's first mandatory retrofit program. Up until now, retrofit programs have been voluntary and encouraged with financial incentives.
When Congress passed the Clean Air Act Amendments in 1990, it gave the federal government the sole authority for regulating emissions from off-highway equipment. The strategy at the time was to require emission-reducing technologies on new equipment and slowly phase out pollution from existing equipment through the natural turnover of off-highway fleets. However, once federal regulators had forced engine manufacturers to remove more than 90% of new engine emissions, state regulators started looking for other ways to meet the federal government's stringent air quality standards.
California regulators turned to a state law that allows them to regulate the emissions of substances considered "toxic air contaminants." In 1998, California formally identified diesel particulates as one of these contaminants despite diesel industry concerns that the data was based on 30-year-old studies that were no longer relevant. The designation opened the door for the state to reduce existing emissions as an urgent public health issue measure, and they wasted little time going after the off-highway market.
Industry concerns ignored
Initially, the CARB-implemented voluntary retrofit programs and restrictions on engine idling. Those programs still exist, but the state has chosen to significantly ramp up the pressure on fleet managers.
The new regulations have been controversial and contentious from the outset. While the federal rulemaking process has been marked by collaboration among manufacturers, end users, environmentalists and regulators, industry representatives say they were essentially shut out of this rulemaking process. They claim CARB ignored two of their primary concerns: that the technology needed to meet the standards is still being developed and that even if the technology was available now, manufacturers would not be able to keep up with demand.
"This is a tragic example of what can happen when government regulators turn a blind eye to the economic and technical obstacle to their admittedly worthy goals," says Stephen E. Sandherr, chief executive officer of the Associated General Contractors of America. "If you cripple the construction industry, you put everything from roads and bridges to schools, hospitals and other facilities at great risk."
The new regulations will also greatly increase costs associated with paperwork because enforcement is based on fleet averages. All fleets, regardless of size, will be required either to meet specific fleet-average emission targets for particulate emissions or to incorporate the highest level of verified diesel emission controls to at least 20% of their fleet each year. Owners of large and medium fleets would also be required to meet fleet-average NOx emission targets or to repower, replace or retire 8 to 10% of their fleet each year.
This process will require fleet managers to monitor every engine, calculate averages and send reports to the state. Industry experts claim the recordkeeping and reporting requirements alone will cost more than $65 million per year.
The impact on bonding, profits
Construction companies are also concerned about the impact on their bonding capabilities. The regulations will effectively make worthless any equipment purchased before 1999, which would lower the capital value of the company's equipment. That would make it more difficult to get bonding, which would then make it more difficult to get business. At the same time that their hampered on the revenue side, they will be forced to make substantial investments in new equipment. The NOx requirements, for example, may require fleets to be turned over four times faster than normal.
There is the possibility of a legal challenge. One potential area of dispute is the NOx component of the regulations. That's because CARB's regulations are based on its determination of diesel particulates as a toxic air contaminant, a determination that did not include NOx.
As always, whatever happens in California is of interest both nationally and globally. The EPA often follows the state's lead in environmental issues. Four years after California opened the door to regulating existing equipment by determining that diesel particulates were a toxic air contaminant, the federal government ruled that diesel exhaust was a potential carcinogen. Can federal in-use regulations be far behind?
Dave Jensen is a contributing editor from Milwaukee, WI.


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Copy That Converts - Entrepreneurs, Copywriting, Launch, Email Marketing, Conversion
Merkitse kaikki (ei-)toistetut ...
Sarjan koti•Feed
Manage series 3495290
Sisällön tarjoaa Megan Wisdom | Copywriter, Email Metrics Mentor, Marketing Strategist, Megan Wisdom | Copywriter, Email Metrics Mentor, and Marketing Strategist. Megan Wisdom | Copywriter, Email Metrics Mentor, Marketing Strategist, Megan Wisdom | Copywriter, Email Metrics Mentor, and Marketing Strategist tai sen podcast-alustan kumppani lataa ja toimittaa kaiken podcast-sisällön, mukaan lukien jaksot, grafiikat ja podcast-kuvaukset. Jos uskot jonkun käyttävän tekijänoikeudella suojattua teostasi ilman lupaasi, voit seurata tässä https://fi.player.fm/legal kuvattua prosessia.
Are you a female entrepreneur with an online business who's struggling to grow and nurture your audience? Do you feel like you're not making enough sales despite your best efforts? Do you feel confused by all the marketing jargon and just wish you had a bossy business big sister to shoot it to you straight? I know you didn't get into business to get bogged down by writing, but let's face it, the internet is still powered by WORDS. The good news? You can harness the power of those words to connect with your ideal clients and make more sales through the magic of copywriting. In each episode, we'll dive deep into the world of copywriting and marketing, sharing insights and strategies that will help you craft compelling messages that resonate with your audience. From understanding your ideal customer to mastering the art of storytelling or planning a product launch, we'll cover it all. I'm Megan Wisdom, a firstborn, Enneagram 5 copywriter who loves to help other female entrepreneurs reach their business goals (even more than I love drinking sweet creme lattes}. I got my writing start in the field of journalism before transitioning to the classroom where I taught students how to apply grammar rules and use the Oxford comma until I tossed the textbook and went rogue with my writing. Because copywriting is all about conversation (not complete sentences). Since studying the art and science of copywriting, I have served online women business owners in a variety of fields, helping them write or optimize the words they use to communicate to clients so they can improve sales, support their families, and crush their goals. I'll show you how to use copy to grow and nurture your audience. And no matter whether your business is funding your son's soccer camp or your dream vacation to Bali, I'll show you how to use the principles of copywriting to increase conversions and boost revenue. So if you're ready to take your online business to the next level, tune in. Together, we'll unlock the power of copywriting and transform your business into the success you deserve. Connect with Megan Wisdom Copywriting: Web: https://www.meganwisdom.com Instagram: @meganwisdomwrites
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- Awards
- /
- Award
Getxophoto 2024
Opens11 Oct 2023
Deadline20 Nov 2023
Entry fee20€
- Topics Awards, Festivals
Getxophoto's Open Call provides an opportunity for visual artists and photographers from all over the world to exhibit their work at the next edition of Getxophoto, to be held in June 2024. The theme to be addressed in the 18th edition is Play.
The open call invites artists to apply with proposals - using photography, installation, video, digital art or any other means of visual expression - that explore games and playing that challenge our thinking and question established ideas about this topic. Projects that investigate the significance of play in our lives, how play represents a world of freedom and learning, and why society limits it, are welcome to apply.
Practical Info
The call for entries is open to all emerging and established visual artists and photographers worldwide. The jury, made up of Arianna Rinaldo, Ana Casas Broda, Irene de Mendoza and María Ptqk, will select 12 shortlist projects and 3 winners. The latter will be part of the Getxophoto 2024 programme. The selected project will be granted a 400€ fee, accommodation and financial support for travel to the festival.
About Getxophoto
Getxophoto International Image Festival has been held in Getxo (Basque Country, Spain) for 17 years. The Festival brings to the city different proposals from visual artists from all over the world, establishing a contemporary conversation on the proposed theme each year. Getxophoto is characterised by the radical defence of public space (physical and online) as a meeting place, a place of mutual recognition and a field for experimentation, play and celebration in the face of its homogenization and privatisation. For this reason, most of its programme is made up of open-air installations, highlighting, on the one hand, the link between the image and the environment and, on the other, generating a more horizontal and participatory relationship with the public. From its transversal approach, Getxophoto has been expanding through the promotion of the Internet as a space for the development of visual culture. To this end, it runs an online programme that has included different approaches such as automated live processes, interactive websites, podcasts, apps, memes or WhatsApp groups among other proposals.


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Nabi 2 for ONLY $99 shipped
This is like an Ipad for a kid but the best part is that is has a bumper so if they drop it, it won't break. The NABI 2 7″ Touchscreen Kids Tablet PC features over 100 software applications for kids and their parents to enjoy. A 2MP camera, Bluetooth and media player on the Tablet PC With WiFi provides tons of options for fun on the go.
- 7″ touchscreen
- 1.3GHz NVIDIA Tegra 3 A9 Quad-Core Mobile processor
- 8GB of storage memory
- Google Android 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich) OS
- Webcam, WiFi and Bluetooth


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Luxembourg live scores, gamers, season schedule and today's results can be found on Sofascore. This website is utilizing a safety service to guard itself from on-line assaults. The motion you simply performed triggered the security answer. There are a number of actions that could trigger this block together with submitting a sure word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed information. Look again at the grand palais earlier than leaving the gardens and think about it was as quickly as a prison. During the French Revolution, imprisoned here have been Thomas Paine, Danton and Joséphine de Beauharnais before she was consort to Napoléon I. What transgression led to her imprisonment? Napoléon fell head over heels in love with her—but not her name and he soon dropped Rose, in favor of Joséphine.
The Chronicles of Luxembourg Girl
Sometimes it was troublesome to vary the mindsets of males, and produce about change. Politics was additionally a troublesome occupation, and girls have been more reluctant than men to enter it. Women had more obligations within the household than men, added to their skilled lives.
Based on more than 50 years of real estate expertise, we are present in 30 international locations, mainly in Europe. Our day by day mission is to anticipate economic, social and environmental changes to combine the real estate of today into town of the tomorrow. Ms. JACOBS noted that Luxembourg had obligations under European directives, which didn't run counter to the Convention itself.
A research carried on wage inequality confirmed a 28 per cent wage hole between men and women. To reduce the gap, companies have been to undertake programmes to categorize jobs. Foreign staff had the identical rights as Luxembourg's citizens, she stated. The laws applied in equal measure to nationals, in addition to international workers. Regarding the low degree of Luxembourg girls working, as in comparison with overseas staff, part of the custom in Luxembourg had been to remain house once married. It was tough for lots of families to guarantee that their children were correctly cared for, due to a scarcity of day-care centres. MERIEM BELMIHOUB-ZERDANI, skilled from Algeria, commented that Luxembourg had not but ensured women's participation in politics, and stressed that girls needed to be present in the decision-making course of.
The insights and high quality companies we ship help build trust and confidence in the capital markets and in economies the world over. We develop outstanding leaders who group to ship on our promises to all of our stakeholders. In so doing, we play a critical function in constructing a better working world for our individuals, for our purchasers and for our communities. Did the Luxembourg Government imagine the provisions of the Convention have been instantly applicable in court cases? Did the Government plan to overtly declare that the Convention's provisions had been instantly applicable in such cases when it ratified the Optional Protocol? The direct applicability of the Convention was instrumental in furthering women's human rights in the country, he stressed, as was educating the judicial system. Regarding migration and trafficking in human beings, she said many individuals requested asylum in Luxembourg.
Training of men and women delegates in the personal sector would also continue. Responding to delegates' queries, she stated the move of immigrants into Luxembourg was considerable. Those who qualified for asylum status obtained housing, shelter, food, pocket cash, well being care, free transportation and language coaching.
If they could not reconcile political and family life, many women would not take the step into politics. On the problem of prostitution, she mentioned the matter was very a lot being mentioned in Luxembourg. With a hundred https://europeanwomen.net/luxembourg-women,000 folks crossing the border daily for work purposes, Luxembourg confronted many problems because of its proximity to other major international locations.
Database of 169 girls volleyball players from Luxembourg which you'll have the ability to filter by and position. Ms. SAIGA, skilled from Japan, asked concerning the new pension regulation and its affect on girls. She assumed that the Government had calculated how the regulation would positively have an effect on girls. SJAMSIAH ACHMAD, expert from Indonesia, stated she was concerned concerning the notion that the massive variety of women in NGOs made it straightforward for them to precise their opinion.
After World War II, CARE Packages™were distributed across Europe, together with in Luxembourg. Luxembourg families, orphanages, hospitals, and colleges all received CARE Packages™ containing meals and clothes. Make Eurosport your go-to supply for sports on-line from soccer to tennis, biking, snooker and more. Women had the same entry to the courts as men, she stated, and there have been two mechanisms in place making certain their entry to the justice system. One was a reception information service in the system, while the opposite was judicial help for people with low incomes.
Organisation was by the Optimists Cricket Club with sponsorship from QBA and the LCF. Training and matches are organised for novices using both softer plastic balls and commonplace leather balls.
The aim was to interest ladies in changing into more involved at the political degree, both nationally and regionally. Regarding normative momentary measures, she stated Luxembourg had begun transferring in direction of a culture of equality. Efforts have been beneath way to deliver trade unions and employers together to discuss tips on how to take optimistic action. Companies had a eager interest in subsidies to finance constructive motion with a view to higher managing their very own individuals. Salary and wage equality-projects should achieve sensitization at the employer and commerce levels. A gender-neutral method to job classification was one such example.
Among the reasons for women staying were decrease academic levels and the shortage of childcare. The unemployment price among national women aged 15 to 24 years was quite excessive. A key factor for achieving equality was changing mentalities, she said. Women would not have the ability to have the same jobs except that they had the same instructional levels. Reform of part-time work and bettering the diploma to which equality was introduced in the personal sector was anticipated. Discussions with civil society companions on wage and wage gaps had triggered elevated awareness of equality issues. The Government had succeeded in persuading social companions and leaders to cooperate in assembly the challenge of removing wage and wage gaps.
2.1.2 Prevalence of severe meals insecurity within the adult population (%). 1.3.1 Proportion of inhabitants above statutory pensionable age receiving a pension.
It's not nearly charges and deals however truly loving my job which I think means that I naturally succeeded. It was about doing properly at what I was doing and then transferring to the following stage of my career. I was always very curious and prepared to study and which means I will all the time transfer forwards. I learnt once that after I helped with the shifting of a European headquarters here in Luxembourg that due to my job a hundred and twenty people would proceed to be employed, primarily based on what I had proposed. This confirmed me how important my job was as it wasn't about the proposing of an workplace but in regards to the people that come there daily. If individuals are joyful there thanks to the recommendation that you just gave, this gives me nice job satisfaction.


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While most lunch menus usually boil down to being the poor man's version of a restaurant's dinner menu, Bud & Marilyn's new lunch menu, at the very least, offers some variety to your work week. Look for Marcie Turney's Jewish-deli takes on matzo ball soup, done fancy with scarlet carrots and crispy chicken skin, or smoked beet reubens with pickled carrot & jicama slaw. But don't skip out on Turney's $14 lobster buns, Bud & Marilyn's curried interpretation of the New England classic might be the most affordable version in town.
Here's the full menu:


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"Trust the experts"®
The United States and the rest of the western world is employing non stop psyop campaigns to pacify and brainwash to bring about totalitarianism with the delusion of a one world system. This will result in the death of billions of people and the total destruction of the west. War, hatred and every form of demonic sin will prevail until the Son of God stops it. On that day every man, woman and child will know that Jesus Christ is who He says He is.
Amen to that 💚🙏🕊
Popeye had a cool saying that went something like that!!
Shut up Steven.
Yeshua was his name.
I'm all for the goodness that Jesus taught, but waiting around for him to come back while the world burns gives me "two more weeks" vibes. I'd rather DO something than just wait for Jesus. I can't help but think that a lot of these "Jesus will put it right" comments are another form of pacifying people into inaction.
These are prophecies that must happen. Ultimately there is no stopping it. Only raising awareness of it so people don't fall into the traps.
There's no such thing as "SCIENCE", there is a scientific method that is literally "DOING YOUR OWN RESEARCH". This is the problem with making up words that don't mean anything and changing the definitions of words at whim.
Ring Ring
"1984" is calling and they want their propaganda back.


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⚠ Warning: This is a draft ⚠
This means it might contain formatting issues, incorrect code, conceptual problems, or other severe issues.
If you want to help to improve and eventually enable this page, please fork RosettaGit's repository and open a merge request on GitHub.
Language tags say: Execution method: Compiled (bytecode)
Should one mention that it can also be used as Interpreter? --[[User:Walterpachl|Walterpachl]] 09:15, 13 August 2012 (UTC) :Done. Luckily there was already an option in the language template for a language that can be both compiled and interpreted. --[[User:Mwn3d|Mwn3d]] 13:36, 13 August 2012 (UTC)


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Published on 25 Септември, 2022 in News, News
Tomorrow, at 20:45 at the National Arena "Todor Proeski" in Skopje, the Macedonian A national team will play the last match in the group from the League of Nations against Bulgaria.
At the official press conference, the head coach Blagoja Milevski and the captain of the national team, Enis Bardi, spoke to the journalists.
Blagoja Milevski - head coach of the Macedonian A national team:
"I wouldn't say if there will be any changes." I expect, as in every game, that we will try to win. We will see what the game will bring. The boys are ready to show that we lost undeservedly in Tbilisi.
As for Bulgaria, we analyzed it, but with many problems. They have a new coach and a lot of new players, and it's an unknown. However, we have to concentrate on our game. Only three from the first match are here, and especially the young players who are in the lineup for the first time, possess quality, I look at how the opponent works as a team.
We have a strategy, it is creating a team that will be competitive in the next 4-5 years. The health bulletin will be clearer after today's upcoming training. As for the pitch, it is not in very good condition. At my request, the stadium was not used for thirty days.Let's be clear, politics is on the side, we are sports workers and we are only interested in that. We have to find a way to win on the field. After the match in Bulgaria, I thanked the host for the welcome, and from our side it will be returned here as well. We are only interested in the sport aspect. I am firmly convinced of my personal position and of the federation that we only look in sport aspect. And I call on the audience to be fair and correct."
Enis Bardhi - captain of the Macedonian A national team:
"After losing in Georgia with such a game, it was difficult. Football is played based on results, it's not good when you lose, but we're moving forward. We have one more chance to show that that result in Georgia was not a real picture and with three points we can take a positive moment. We have a lot of new players, it takes time to get to know part of the team.As I see it, everyone scores goals for the clubs, and here either it doesn't work for us or the ball doesn't like us. We must be patient, our moment will come. We know our own goal, that is to qualify for the European Championship. We have to wait, young people need time to adapt. We seniors have experience, and the rest are under a little tension. Support is needed, I think we are a good generation and we will do great things"


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The Definitive Guide to Buying Wholesale Switchblades Knives
At the sight of a switchblade, we may conjure up the impression of a dangerous weapon used in criminal activities or something shady. However, it's worth noting that switchblades are versatile tools, and they can be used in a number of legal and safe civilian applications.
If you're looking to buy wholesale switchblades in bulk, here's what you need to know:
Make Sure You Have the Appropriate Permits
Before you even think about buying wholesale switchblades, be sure to double-check the local regulations. Switchblades tend to be heavily regulated and may even be illegal in certain areas, so it's important that you check the specific laws and regulations before purchasing and selling switchblades.
Do Your Research on Brands
When it comes to purchasing wholesale switchblades, it's important that you research the different brands available. This will help you determine the quality of the blades, as well as their value and safety ratings. Also, take into account the reviews from previous customers, and check for any negative feedback.
Look for Bulk Discounts
Many wholesalers often offer discounts on bulk purchases, so it's worth doing a bit of shopping around and looking for deals on larger orders. This can save you money in the long run and help ensure that you get the best possible prices.
Pay Attention to Packaging
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Read the Terms and Conditions Carefully
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Buying wholesale switchblades can be a great way to save money and stock up on a useful tool. However, it's important to be aware of the laws, do research on brands, look for bulk discounts, check the packaging and read the terms and conditions of sale. By following these tips, you can ensure that you get the best deals on switchblades and have peace of mind when you buy.


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X-ray scattering data were used to examine the morphological evolution that accompanies the ionomer-to-polyelectrolyte transition. Bulk random ionomer based on methacryl diglyme side chains and sodium sulfonated styrene exhibits an amorphous halo, a backbone correlation peak, and an ionic aggregate spacing peak in X-ray scattering. The ionic peak intensifies as either polymer content or temperature increases due to enhanced aggregation, since the dielectric constant of the polar liquid decreases as temperature is raised. Addition of polar plasticizer into the ionomer softens the ionic interactions by raising the dielectric constant, which weakens the ionic peak, leading to more polyelectrolyte character at higher plasticizer content, with many dissociated Na counterions. There is a wide range of ion content and dielectric constant (gray region in graphic) within which these materials transition from ionomer to polyelectrolyte as the polar plasticizer is added, and both the ionic aggregation peak of the ionomer and the correlation length (interchain spacing) of polyelectrolyte solutions can be resolved. The complete transition to polyelectrolyte occurs when the average distance between the ions becomes larger than the Bjerrum length, so that many Na counterions dissociate, and the ionic aggregate spacing peak disappears.
Original language | English (US) |
Pages (from-to) | 963-971 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Macromolecules |
Volume | 50 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Feb 14 2017 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Organic Chemistry
- Polymers and Plastics
- Inorganic Chemistry
- Materials Chemistry


text:
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text:
Day: September 23, 2007
Marcel Marceau is dead
Very very not safe for work and very bad language
I am typing this while simultaneously killing myself laughing and streaming tears. This comes very close to being the funniest thing I've ever seen on the internet. If I ever get suicidal again, play me this video.
took me a minute to get the joke
Takes balls to do this.
fwded from Chipper
Hunter S Thompson, I love U
But I won't say why.


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LAS VEGAS (KTNV) — A man has been arrested in connection to a fatal stabbing on Jan. 15.
It happened near East Sahara and Eastern avenues. Las Vegas police say they responded to the area around 8:12 p.m. and found an unresponsive male lying on the sidewalk. He was transported to Sunrise Hospital where he later died.
During the investigation. 36-year-old Qais Fawad was identified as a suspect. He was taken into custody by patrol officers on Jan. 20. He was booked into Clark County Detention Center on open murder and robbery charges.
The victim was identified as 54-year-old Jose Salamanca. His death was due to multiple stab wounds to his back. His death was ruled a homicide by the coroner.


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text: So how does this work? Does it have to be a dance that has never been reconstructed before? (Those are getting very hard to find.) What does "whole package" mean? Wearing garb to go with the dance? Including live music? Does improvisation (galliard/canary/pavaniglia, etc.) count as "new"? Or does this simply mean to document and perform a dance the way one would for an S&S fair entry? --Urraca ________________________________ From: Beth Gurzler <bgdeonna at hotmail.com> To: dance SCA <sca-dance at sca-dance.org> Sent: Wednesday, February 6, 2013 5:50 PM Subject: [SCA-Dance] Possible competition at KWDMS Hello all. I have gotten a request to offer something at KWDMS that I had at a dance event a couple of years ago. Are others interested? Here it is - So you think you can dance? The goal here is to encourage new research of period (pre 1600) dance. Prepare with a partner ( if appropriate), provide documentation and perform in competition. This is not intended to be a teaching opportunity but to show something cool that reflects the whole package of period dance. The discussion can now commence YIS Deonna event steward, KWDMS X kwdms.org ________________________________________________________________ To send mail to the entire list, be sure sca-dance at sca-dance.org is listed in the To line of any response. To Unsubscribe send mail to: sca-dance-request at sca-dance.org Posting guidlines on the list info page: https://lists.andrew.cmu.edu/mailman/listinfo/sca-dance ________________________________________________________________


text:
Notice of Meeting
Water, Waste and Sewer Advisory Committee Meeting
A Water, Waste and Sewer Advisory Committee Meeting of Byron Shire Council will be held as follows:
Venue |
Conference Room, Station Street, Mullumbimby |
Date |
Thursday, 13 September 2018 |
Time |
11.30am |
Phillip Holloway
Director Infrasturcture Services
Distributed 06/09/18
What is a "Conflict of Interests" - A conflict of interests can be of two types:
Pecuniary - an interest that a person has in a matter because of a reasonable likelihood or expectation of appreciable financial gain or loss to the person or another person with whom the person is associated.
Non-pecuniary – a private or personal interest that a Council official has that does not amount to a pecuniary interest as defined in the Local Government Act (eg. A friendship, membership of an association, society or trade union or involvement or interest in an activity and may include an interest of a financial nature).
Remoteness – a person does not have a pecuniary interest in a matter if the interest is so remote or insignificant that it could not reasonably be regarded as likely to influence any decision the person might make in relation to a matter or if the interest is of a kind specified in Section 448 of the Local Government Act.
Who has a Pecuniary Interest? - a person has a pecuniary interest in a matter if the pecuniary interest is the interest of the person, or another person with whom the person is associated (see below).
Relatives, Partners - a person is taken to have a pecuniary interest in a matter if:
§ The person's spouse or de facto partner or a relative of the person has a pecuniary interest in the matter, or
§ The person, or a nominee, partners or employer of the person, is a member of a company or other body that has a pecuniary interest in the matter.
N.B. "Relative", in relation to a person means any of the following:
(a) the parent, grandparent, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, nephew, niece, lineal descends or adopted child of the person or of the person's spouse;
(b) the spouse or de facto partners of the person or of a person referred to in paragraph (a)
No Interest in the Matter - however, a person is not taken to have a pecuniary interest in a matter:
§ If the person is unaware of the relevant pecuniary interest of the spouse, de facto partner, relative or company or other body, or
§ Just because the person is a member of, or is employed by, the Council.
§ Just because the person is a member of, or a delegate of the Council to, a company or other body that has a pecuniary interest in the matter provided that the person has no beneficial interest in any shares of the company or body.
Disclosure and participation in meetings
§ A Councillor or a member of a Council Committee who has a pecuniary interest in any matter with which the Council is concerned and who is present at a meeting of the Council or Committee at which the matter is being considered must disclose the nature of the interest to the meeting as soon as practicable.
§ The Councillor or member must not be present at, or in sight of, the meeting of the Council or Committee:
(a) at any time during which the matter is being considered or discussed by the Council or Committee, or
(b) at any time during which the Council or Committee is voting on any question in relation to the matter.
No Knowledge - a person does not breach this Clause if the person did not know and could not reasonably be expected to have known that the matter under consideration at the meeting was a matter in which he or she had a pecuniary interest.
Participation in Meetings Despite Pecuniary Interest (S 452 Act)
A Councillor is not prevented from taking part in the consideration or discussion of, or from voting on, any of the matters/questions detailed in Section 452 of the Local Government Act.
Non-pecuniary Interests - Must be disclosed in meetings.
There are a broad range of options available for managing conflicts & the option chosen will depend on an assessment of the circumstances of the matter, the nature of the interest and the significance of the issue being dealt with. Non-pecuniary conflicts of interests must be dealt with in at least one of the following ways:
§ It may be appropriate that no action be taken where the potential for conflict is minimal. However, Councillors should consider providing an explanation of why they consider a conflict does not exist.
§ Limit involvement if practical (eg. Participate in discussion but not in decision making or vice-versa). Care needs to be taken when exercising this option.
§ Remove the source of the conflict (eg. Relinquishing or divesting the personal interest that creates the conflict)
§ Have no involvement by absenting yourself from and not taking part in any debate or voting on the issue as if the provisions in S451 of the Local Government Act apply (particularly if you have a significant non-pecuniary interest)
Clause 375A of the Local Government Act 1993 – Recording of voting on planning matters
(1) In this section, planning decision means a decision made in the exercise of a function of a council under the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979:
(a) including a decision relating to a development application, an environmental planning instrument, a development control plan or a development contribution plan under that Act, but
(b) not including the making of an order under Division 2A of Part 6 of that Act.
(2) The general manager is required to keep a register containing, for each planning decision made at a meeting of the council or a council committee, the names of the councillors who supported the decision and the names of any councillors who opposed (or are taken to have opposed) the decision.
(3) For the purpose of maintaining the register, a division is required to be called whenever a motion for a planning decision is put at a meeting of the council or a council committee.
(4) Each decision recorded in the register is to be described in the register or identified in a manner that enables the description to be obtained from another publicly available document, and is to include the information required by the regulations.
(5) This section extends to a meeting that is closed to the public.
Water, Waste and Sewer Advisory Committee Meeting
2. Declarations of Interest – Pecuniary and Non-Pecuniary
3. Adoption of Minutes from Previous Meetings
3.1 Water, Waste and Sewer Advisory Committee Meeting held on 31 May 2018
4. Staff Reports
Infrastructure Services
4.1 Water Sensitive Urban Design Strategy........................................................................... 4
4.2 Telecommunications Installations on Reservoirs............................................................ 31
4.3 Rous Regional Water Supply Agreement Liaison Committee Meeting 28 August 2018 Agenda and Business papers.............................................................................................................. 34
4.4 Mullumbimby Inflow and Infiltration update.................................................................. 120
4.5 Nutrient Loading in the Belongil..................................................................................... 131
4.6 Items for the Committee Requested by Mark Tidswell................................................ 136
Staff Reports - Infrastructure Services 4.1
Staff Reports - Infrastructure Services
Report No. 4.1 Water Sensitive Urban Design Strategy
Directorate: Infrastructure Services
Report Author: James Flockton, Drain and Flood Engineer
File No: I2018/956
Theme: Community Infrastructure
Local Roads and Drainage
At Council's meeting of 22 March 2018, Council resolved to develop a financially sustainable strategy to embed and mainstream Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) into Council's planning instruments and policies.
This report provides an update on this project.
RECOMMENDATION: That the committee note the report. |
1 PDF of E2018/56771 Water Sensitive Urban Design WSUD Policy and Strategy Request for Quotation, E2018/74360 , page 7⇩
At Council's meeting of 22 March 2018, Council resolved Res 18-178:-
1. That Council develop a financially sustainable strategy to embed and mainstream Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) into Council's planning instruments and policies.
2. That formulation of the Strategy consider fundamental changes in various development area ratios to retain pervious areas instead of increasing catchment runoff.
3. That the changes made under this strategy on WSUD aim to:
• reduce flood risk in urban areas
• improve water quality in streams, waterbodies and groundwater
• consume less of our water resources
• reduce the cost of providing and maintaining water and sewer infrastructure
• protect and restore aquatic and riparian ecosystems and habitats; and
• protect the scenic, landscape and recreational values of streams and other waterbodies.
4. That the WSUD Strategy generates changes that:
• promote and encourage WSUD in urban areas
• provide guidance and support for businesses and residents to implement WSUD
• give incentives for the implementation of WSUD in new and existing development
5. That progress on the WSUD Strategy be reported to each Water, Waste and Sewerage Advisory Committee and the Coastal Estuary Catchment Panel quarterly meeting, starting with their next meetings in June 2018.
6. That Council allocate $25,000 in its 2018-19 budget for the development of a strategy.
Councils adopted budget for financial year 2018/19 includes the above budget.
Staff have prepared a scope of works for this task which was sent out to five local consultants to price. The scope of works can be found at attachment 1.
Consultant BMT WBM have now been engaged to prepare a WSUD policy and strategy for Byron Shire. BMT WBM were engaged on the 30 August 2018, therefore, timelines were not available to provide a detailed report to the committee prior to Septembers meeting, however, BMT WBM will present to this meeting.
The purpose of this meeting is to introduce the committee to WSUD, discuss typical strategies used by other Council's, discuss a draft Policy Statement and enter into a group discussion that seeks to understand the committees desires and preferences for the draft strategy.
A draft strategy will follow at the next committee meeting for further discussion and fine tuning.
Due to the above short timelines it recommended that the committee make use of some online resources. An excellent resource for the committee to use prior to the meeting is http://hlw.org.au/initiatives/waterbydesign and in particular http://hlw.org.au/initiatives/waterbydesign/water-sensitive-urban-design-wsud whilst this information covers the South East Queensland area rather than Northern NSW, it is an excellent resource that is relevant to our climate when compared to information more suited to Sydney and the climate of the majority of NSW.
Financial Implications
There are no financial implications at this stage. The contract cost is below the allocated budget.
Statutory and Policy Compliance Implications
There are no Statutory and Policy Compliance Implications at this time.
Staff Reports - Infrastructure Services 4.2
Report No. 4.2 Telecommunications Installations on Reservoirs
Directorate: Infrastructure Services
Report Author: Peter Rees, Manager Utilities
File No: I2018/1159
Theme: Infrastructure Services
Water Supplies
Following an annual review of Council's Drinking Water Management Plan with NSW Health, it was agreed NSW Health would fund a consultant to assist Council to develop project plans and negotiate with the Telecommunications companies to allow sufficient access to the water reservoirs to permit replacement of the roofs.
The colocation of telecommunication equipment on reservoirs is presenting problems for local Utilities across Australia to properly operate and maintain critical infrastructure associated with the supply of drinking water.
NSW Health has identified Byron Shire as a potential case study to develop solutions to this widespread issue.
RECOMMENDATION: That the Committee note the report. |
Following an annual review of Council's Drinking Water Management Plan with NSW Health, it was agreed NSW Health would fund a consultant to assist Council to develop project plans and negotiate with the Telecommunications companies to allow sufficient access to the water reservoirs to permit replacement of the roofs.
The colocation of telecommunication equipment on reservoirs is presenting problems for local Utilities across Australia to properly operate and maintain critical infrastructure associated with the supply of drinking water.
NSW Health has identified Byron Shire as a potential case study to develop solutions to this widespread issue.
Accordingly, Aqualift Project Delivery Pty Ltd (Aqualift) has been engaged by NSW Health to assist Byron Shire Council to facilitate and advance the project for the temporary removal; power down or permanent relocation of telecommunications equipment from the Paterson and Wategos Water Supply Reservoirs in Byron Bay to enable the replacement of the existing roof structures.
The structural integrity of the supporting roof frames and roof drainage systems have become compromised partially due to the presence of a large amount of ancillary telecommunications equipment which has been installed at both reservoir sites including walkways, cable trays, coaxial cables, etc.
The current situation is making it extremely difficult for Council to adequately undertake normal operational and maintenance activities at these water supply reservoir sites including roof
inspections required to monitor and verify the integrity of the roof to prevent any contamination of the water supply and to also undertake repairs to the roof drainage systems to prevent contaminated water ingress to the reservoirs.
Following discussions with reservoir roof contractors, the only practical way to replace the current roofing structures and drainage systems will require all the existing telecommunications equipment to be either relocated or powered down while the existing roofs are removed and the new roofs together with supporting frames are installed. This is due to both physical constraints imposed by the location of the existing equipment and danger of radiation exposure to workers while undertaking these roofing works.
It is necessary to negotiate with the various telecommunication service providers as a group to allow them to undertake concurrent work to their existing installations at each reservoir site to allow this critical project to proceed.
Before commencing negotiations with the telcos, Council needs to have a preferred option for the existing structures. These are:
Option 1
Construction of a permanent tower separate to the reservoirs to which the existing equipment could be relocated. This is the preferred option of NSW Health and the Water Directorate and is certainly Council's preferred option for all new reservoirs without existing installations. The Paterson Street and Wategos reservoir sites are very constrained and previous discussions with a telco indicated they would require a tower approximately 6 metres higher than the existing reservoir heights.
Option 2
Construction of an ancillary self supporting structure/walkway located around the outside of the roof top perimeter of the existing reservoirs to accommodate the relocation of the existing telecommunications equipment and with no telecommunications equipment then being permitted to be installed upon the existing reservoir walls and/or roofs.
Option 3
Leave the telecommunication equipment located on the reservoir walls but relocate all cable trays and existing telco equipment off the roof. This would require telco agreement to power down their facilities concurrently to allow the roof replacement work to proceed. It is most likely the quickest option to implement both from a telecommunications and planning perspective.
Option 4
Construction of a temporary tower separate to the reservoirs to which the existing equipment could be relocated. This option has similar issues to Option 1.
For all options, to facilitate the project a suitably qualified consultant will need to be engaged to undertake and complete all activities related to the replacement of the existing roofs and drainage systems at these reservoir sites.
This consultancy engagement would include negotiations with the various telecommunication service providers to facilitate the design and replacement of the roofs and drainage systems; design of replacement roof structures incorporating alternative arrangements for all telecommunications equipment as required; contract documentation for roof replacement works, contract management of these works and re-negotiation of lease agreements with the telecommunication service providers.
At a meeting between NSW Health and Council's Executive Team a plan was developed where NSW Health and Council would jointly work on the project.
Financial Implications
Project budgets for the roof replacement of both the Wategos and Paterson St reservoirs have been included in the 2018-19 water capital programme.
Statutory and Policy Compliance Implications
Provision of safe drinking water for the public.
Staff Reports - Infrastructure Services 4.3
Report No. 4.3 Rous Regional Water Supply Agreement Liaison Committee Meeting 28 August 2018 Agenda and Business papers
Directorate: Infrastructure Services
Report Author: Peter Rees, Manager Utilities
File No: I2018/1298
Theme: Infrastructure Services
Water Supplies
Rous County Council holds quarterly Water Supply Agreement Liaison Committee meetings at which technical representatives from each constituent Council attend to discuss various water issues. The business papers are presented to the WWSAC for information and to inform them of various critical issues being assessed by Rous and the constituent Councils.
In particular at this meeting, the status of the future water strategy groundwater investigations was presented by Rous.
It is intended the business papers for these meetings will be presented to the WWSAC for information each quarter.
RECOMMENDATION: That Council note the report. |
1 RRWSALC 28.08.2018 - Agenda and Business Papers, E2018/72813 , page 37⇩
2 RWSALC Mtg 28 August 2018 - Groundwater PPP.pdf, E2018/72812 , page 99⇩
Rous Water and its Constituent Councils hold quarterly meetings where various issues are presented as business papers for discussion. The following papers were on the agenda last week with comments from Council staff.
Groundwater Investigation – refer attached powerpoint presentation E2018/72812. This has been provided for information only. The proving of bore water suitability is currently behind schedule and over budget. Current prices for drilling are inflated most likely due to the drought.
To date there have been some promising results particularly at Woodburn. Curren programme is that if bores feasibility proves to be unacceptable for the long term water strategy, then in 2022 indirect potable reuse will be investigated. The Dunoon Dam option has not yet been closed off.
Water Loss Summary – Rous Water will partner each constituent Council (50/50) to prepare a Water Loss Management Plan (except Lismore who already has a WLMP in place).
Drinking Water Stations – Rous Water have identified portable drinking water stations as part of a demand management / plastic reduction education programme. Choose Tap is a broad, community-based initiative promoting tap water as the best hydration choice for the environment, people's health and their pocket.
The hydration stations and portable refill stations provide free drinking water to local community festivals, concerts and sporting events. They are provided free of charge and keep attendees healthy and hydrated. Refer link below for more information.
They can ideally be used at festivals and events around the Shire. The cost is approximately $3,500 each. It would be staff's recommendation that Council purchase 6 units.
Review of Developer Servicing Charges for Secondary Dwellings – No decision by RCC has been made. It will report to its Council the impact of this waiver policy.
Essentially the impacts are increased water demand on the system and a loss of revenue for development of future infrastructure.
It is noted Byron Shire Council has already considered this issue and resolved to:-
"notify the public and seek submissions on the proposal to terminate the waiver of section 94 and section 64 contributions for secondary dwellings".
Review of Possible Transfer of Rous County Council Water Assets and Retail Customers to the Constituent Council – this was a project initiated by Byron Shire Council. There are significant areas in Byron Shire (Ewingsdale, Skinners Shoot and Bangalow in particular) where Rous Water supplies water to retail customers in competition with Byron Shire. It can be argued this is contrary to the original proclamation forming Rous as a bulk water supplier only.
Rous has indicated this is not a priority for their organisation or other constituent councils other that Byron Shire. Byron Shire Council staff considers the project should be progressed in a considered manner at least for Rous Water retail customers in Byron Shire.
Financial Implications
Statutory and Policy Compliance Implications
Provision of safe drinking water for the community.
Staff Reports - Infrastructure Services 4.4
Report No. 4.4 Mullumbimby Inflow and Infiltration update
Directorate: Infrastructure Services
Report Author: Jason Stanley, Systems Planning Officer
File No: I2018/1660
Theme: Infrastructure Services
Sewerage Services
Mr Jason Stanley has recently been appointed as Project Manager for the Mullumbimby Inflow and Infiltration project.
The initial stage of the project has focussed on improvement of data acquisition and review of benefits of Water Sensitive Urban Design if fitted throughout Mullumbimby.
A more detailed project scope will be developed during the next 3 months.
RECOMMENDATION: That the Committee note the report. |
1 Mullumbimby sewer catchments, E2018/72975 , page 125⇩
2 Mullumbimby Preliminary Photomontages 03.09.18, E2018/73200 , page 126⇩
The Mullumbimby Inflow and Infiltration project is in early stages of implementation. The focus of work to date has been towards the improvement of data acquisition prior to anticipated rainfall events and identification of areas where Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) can be effectively implemented to allow for stormwater management.
Improvement of Mullumbimby flow data acquisition
SCADA coding for all sewage pump stations within Mullumbimby has been upgraded to allow for increased flow data acquisition. Derived inflows and outflows from each site have been established with the recent dry weather providing a good opportunity to analyse dry weather flow diurnal flow patterns and baseline groundwater infiltration.
Mullumbimby experienced a rainfall event between 24-27th August which is currently being assessed to accurately characterise the performance of the sewerage network and identify areas with relatively higher amounts of inflow and infiltration.
Capturing flow data from SPS sites will be an ongoing process for all future dry weather and rainfall events. Regularly reviewing of this data will be performed in order to promptly identify issues. Once a high level of confidence is achieved with flow data integrity, it is anticipated that this SCADA coding will be rolled out to all SPS sites within the Byron Shire.
Water Sensitive Urban Design
The underlying assumption of the WSUD investigation is that a slowing of stormwater runoff to prevent it reaching sewer lines at key locations will reduce the total volume of stormwater being pumped to the Brunswick Valley STP (BVSTP) while also leveraging improved stormwater quality, reduced localised flooding and improved amenity outcomes within the town.
The key steps in the investigation include:-
· Assess existing stormwater infrastructure with regards to function and capacity.
· Identify those locations where stormwater infrastructure and sewer lines are in close proximity.
· Identify those sub-catchments contributing to pump stations with the highest pumping mains following and during rain.
· Compare the relationship between sewer pump rates and rainfall to determine the volume of stormwater that would ideally be intercepted.
· Identify potentially suitable locations where retrofitting of the stormwater infrastructure can be achieved.
· Develop preliminary concepts for discussion.
WSUD as a practice adopts the following principles:-
· Recognition of the value and importance of water in the urban environment through thoughtful landscape and building design.
· Reconnecting communities with the management of their own water supplies through the use of rainwater tanks and greywater recycling.
· Adoption of water management principles that reflect natural hydrological cycles.
· Promotion of evapotranspiration, infiltration and conveyance of stormwater within surface systems that use native vegetation for filtration.
· Reduction of reliance on imported water.
Stormwater Management within Mullumbimby
The adoption of WSUD within Mullumbimby will enhance the local urban environment through installation of green infrastructure while taking pressure off the town's sewerage network. Presently little to no management of stormwater in what would be considered a water sensitive approach occurs in Mullumbimby. This means that actions to include WSUD are likely to have significant benefit to both the local community and the environment.
A number of issues and opportunities in the development of a water sensitive approach in Mullumbimby have been identified and include:
· Existing stormwater infrastructure is old and often undersized (Ardill Payne, 2018).
· Aging undersized infrastructure with low grade results in poor conveyance and localized flooding.
· Localized flooding leads to sewer infiltration particularly in low lying areas.
· It is likely that there a large number of illegal connections of stormwater to sewer, particularly in older parts of town (possibly 20 – 50% of properties).
· Inspection pits located adjacent to swales represent likely access points for direct inflow to sewer.
· Roof water drains directly to swales and roadways and could be intercepted.
· There are numerous locations where stormwater within laneways cannot physically reach the stormwater network, meaning flooding occurs in even small rainfall events.
· Large network of swales that are suitable for improvement.
· Large roofs drain into swales and roadways and could be intercepted.
· Increase harvesting of stormwater (e.g. rainwater tanks).
· Increase the use of water sensitive design features to capture and treat stormwater (e.g. raingardens, tanks, biofiltration).
How much water can be captured
It has been demonstrated that installation of WSUD devices can have a significant impact on peak storm flows. Numerous case studies exist where devices such as raingardens have been installed to reduce stormwater discharges from urban environments. Tanks can also be effective for capturing roof run off if they are with connected to a frequent use or provide delayed discharge to a drain.
Potential volumes which can be intercepted have been calculated using the 3-month ARI for Mullumbimby. This corresponds to approximately a 40mm rainfall event. It should be recognised that storage and detention can be increased or reduced depending on available space and priority sub catchments where pressure on the sewer system is greatest.
Table one details storm volumes for sub-catchments around Burringbar Street for the 3-month storm. Also shown are the areas required to detain the design volume in a 300mm deep self-watering garden bed.
Table 1 Sub-catchment areas, flows and volumes for detention in design 3 month event
Sub-catchment |
Area m² |
Q3 month m³/s |
Volume m³ |
Area required at 300mm deep (m2) |
3670 |
0.04 |
24 |
80 |
3445 |
0.04 |
22 |
75 |
1780 |
0.02 |
12 |
39 |
2433 |
0.03 |
16 |
53 |
4526 |
0.05 |
30 |
98 |
767 |
0.01 |
5 |
17 |
4927 |
0.05 |
32 |
107 |
5353 |
0.06 |
35 |
116 |
3606 |
0.03 |
16 |
53 |
3555 |
0.04 |
23 |
77 |
2425 |
0.03 |
16 |
53 |
3009 |
0.03 |
20 |
65 |
9335 |
0.07 |
43 |
142 |
5757 |
0.04 |
23 |
76 |
3412 |
0.02 |
12 |
38 |
Options for WSUD in Mullumbimby
The following information is intended to be brief and does not cover all potential WSUD opportunities but is considered a reasonable approach following preliminary investigations.
Rainwater tanks
A limited number of properties have rainwater tanks. Rainwater tanks are a simple, cost effective device that can be retrofitted to prevent roof water draining to the street or stormwater network. Rainwater tanks can be used to supply toilet flushing or irrigation of landscaping. Tanks can also be implemented to function in providing detention to reduce the impact of peak flows during rainfall events. Rainwater tank rebates are offered through Rous water to all Byron Shire properties further reducing costs.
Benefits: reduce direct connection with stormwater, reduce peak flows, reduce need for potable water, provision of detention during events
Biofiltration swales
A large network of existing swales is present in Mullumbimby. Some swales are old and do not function as intended. Well maintained swales can be planted or grassed and can be retrofitted to either better convey flows or reduce peak flows during events. Reconfiguration of the existing swale network in key locations is likely to enhance the urban landscape, reduce localized flooding and stormwater infiltration. Inspection pits are frequently located adjacent to swales. If stormwater surcharges swales or inspections pits are damaged, then stormwater enters the sewer network. Improvement to swales can be undertaken in laneways in conjunction with raising of inspection points to reduce the likelihood of inflow.
Benefits: urban landscaping, enhanced conveyance, stormwater detention
Self-watering garden beds and bio-pods
Installation of self-watering garden beds within the streetscape will provide storm detention during a rainfall and take pressure of the sewer pump stations. A number of locations have been identified that are suitable for installation of garden beds that capture run off. These garden beds would include native plants and trees and would reduce peak discharges during rainfall. Self-watering gardens can be located at street corners in the space where cars cannot park, improving pedestrian safety and urban amenity. Bio-pods are small stormwater detention and treatment devices that can be retrofitted into streets to reduce discharge and provide shade reducing summer temperatures
Benefits: urban landscaping, stormwater detention and treatment
Where rainwater tanks are not suitable small raingardens could be installed under down pipes. These would allow for capture, treatment and reuse of rainwater and prevent discharge to the street and stormwater network.
Benefits: urban landscaping, stormwater detention and treatment.
Kerb treatments
Street kerbs can be retrofitted to include plants and provide detention during an event.
Conclusion and next steps
Investigations completed to date confirm that there is a strong and rapid relationship between sewer pumping rates, rainfall and stormwater. Strategies which intercept stormwater in up the 3-month storm event will significantly reduce pressure on the sewage network while leveraging environmental and amenity benefits for Mullumbimby.
Next steps are to:
· further develop stormwater management options,
· seek feedback from Council and other stakeholders,
· develop appropriate designs for priority locations/demonstration sites to enable monitoring and proof of concept.
Community Consultation
A community engagement and education plan will be prepared for the next WWSAC meeting. Advice has been provided that due to the technical aspects of the project, community information forums should be held with the broader community. Given, however, the importance of bringing the community along with the project, a Project Reference Group may be the better option with possibly a combination of both. For discussion at the meeting.
Financial Implications
The direct connectivity between stormwater and the sewer system will allow for funding of this work from the sewer fund. Initially this will be from the currently allocated budget.
Statutory and Policy Compliance Implications
Staff Reports - Infrastructure Services 4.5
Report No. 4.5 Nutrient Loading in the Belongil
Directorate: Infrastructure Services
Report Author: Peter Rees, Manager Utilities
File No: I2018/1704
Theme: Infrastructure Services
Sewerage Services
Council resolution 02-1329 approved the Byron Bay Sewage Treatment plant pursuant to Part 5, Section 112 of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979. Clause 11 of these consent conditions imposed limits on the total amount of Nitrogen and Phosphorus that could be discharged into the Belongil. These limits were capped at the year 2000 levels from the old treatment plant.
Currently the yearly average is 79% of these limits. In accordance with the resolution we are required to investigate feasible management strategies to reduce the loads below 80%.
The recently adopted Recycled Water management Strategy 2017-27 is a strategy that should reduce the loads as required. The calculation methodology however will need to be reviewed to determine an accurate assessment of the level of nutrients discharged given the configuration of the future recycled water projects.
RECOMMENDATION: That Council approve a study to determine a new methodology to calculate nutrient discharge into the Belongil to satisfy both Council Resolution 02-1329 and the Recycled Water Management Strategy 2017-27. |
Council resolution 02-1329 approved the Byron Bay Sewage Treatment plant pursuant to Part 5, Section 112 of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979. Clause 11 of these consent conditions states
Nutrient Load Limit for West Byron STP
Nutrient loads discharged to Belongil Creek, as measured at the outlet of the constructed wetland, shall not exceed 1,502 kg per year for Total Nitrogen and 300 kg per year for Total Phosphorus.
Council shall continuously monitor nutrient loads discharged to the Belongil Creek. Determination of nutrient loads shall be based on a minimum of weekly sampling continuously averaged over a two month period, converted to an equivalent annual load.
In the event that the equivalent annual nutrient load for either Total Nitrogen or Total Phosphorus exceeds 80% of the applicable limits specified in this Approval Condition, Council shall investigate feasible management strategies to reduce loads below 80%.
In the event that the equivalent annual nutrient load for either Total Nitrogen or Total Phosphorus exceeds 100% of the applicable limits specified in this Approval Condition, Council shall meet to discuss appropriate courses of action to prevent further exceedances.
Calculations undertaken recently indicate this consent condition has been exceeded for short periods during the past 15 months. Please note, this consent condition has a much tighter threshold than Council's EPA licence for the site. There have been no breaches of Council annual total load limits for Total Nitrogen which is 17,456 kilograms. The calculation methods are different for each limit and direct comparisons should not be made except that the consent condition threshold is much tighter than the EPA licence limit.
The graph showing this data is shown below in Graph 1. The exceedences are for total nitrogen only and occur in the peak period of summer – sometimes exacerbated by heavy rainfall such as ex tropical cyclone Debbie last year. It should also be noted the figures in the graph are annual projections based on total nitrogen concentrations averaged on a rolling 2 month basis. If the 12 month average is taken, the total calculated total nitrogen load is 1,191 kilograms or 79% of the Consent Condition limit.
Graph 1 Nutrient Loading Calculated in accordance with Clause 11 of Council Consent Conditions for the Byron May STP
Generally speaking the performance of the system has been above expectations however, the limited recycled water schemes commissioned to date has caused this situation. The new draft Recycled Water Management Strategy should mitigate this situation in the longer term.
To put the situation in context, the graphs below show the actual performance of the treatment plant with nutrient reduction.
From these graphs it can be seen we are well within the EPA licence limits.
Courses of Action to Prevent Further Exceedences of 02-1329
The recently adopted Recycled Water Management Strategy 2017-27 will have a significant impact on the management of nutrients and hydrology in the Belongil. This strategy will see
· Expansion of Wetlands throughout the catchment
· Use of recycled water to rehabilitate degraded water ways
· Expansion of the western corridor
By 2027 it is expected recycled water schemes will equate to 76% of the total STP inflow. The only issue with this is with wetlands outside of EPA Point 4 will not be accounted for in Resolution 02-1329 methodology. This will need to be considered.
Financial Implications
The recently adopted Recycled Water Strategy 2017-27 is to be factored into the Water and Sewer Strategic Business Plan.
Statutory and Policy Compliance Implications
Council resolution 02-1329.
Staff Reports - Infrastructure Services 4.6
Report No. 4.6 Items for the Committee Requested by Mark Tidswell
Directorate: Infrastructure Services
Report Author: Peter Rees, Manager Utilities
File No: I2018/1715
Theme: Infrastructure Services
Sewerage Services
Committee member Mark Tidswell has requested discussion on 2 topics for discussion at the meeting.
There is no formal report on these topics.
RECOMMENDATION: That the Committee discuss the items as requested. |
It was requested by committee member Mark Tidswell to table the following items for discussion at the next Water Waste and Sewer Advisory Committee meeting:-
1. Stormwater flood problems from culvert Bayshore Drive/Ewingsdale Road impacting landowners Melaleuca Drive Solutions planned actions.
2. WBSTP alternative flow path options for treated effluent Update from desktop review done by Planit Consultant as that was 6 mths ago and Belongil catchment current drainage network is at capacity.
It is proposed that the items be discussed at the meeting.
Financial Implications
Not applicable
Statutory and Policy Compliance Implications
Not Applicable


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Maytag Appliance Repair San Leandro
Providing Top-Notch Maytag Appliance Repair in San Leandro
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At A&B Viking Appliance Repair, we don't just fix appliances; we build lasting relationships with our valued customers. Here's why we stand out from the rest:
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Please note that "A&B Viking Appliance Repair" is a fictional name used for the purpose of this article.


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Phone: 216-696-6525
Toll Free: 1-800-869-6525
Address: 1404 East 9th Street, Cleveland, OH 44114
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Minnesota Twins: The 4 players who are on the franchise's Mount Rushmore
Minnesota Twins: Mount Rushmore is incomplete without Rod Carew
Next to Killebrew, Carew is a proverbial "Founding Father" on the Twins' Mount Rushmore. He made his debut in 1967, won Rookie of the Year and didn't miss an All-Star Game until his final season (with the California Angels) in 1985.
Carew's pure bat-to-ball artistry was unrivaled, and still remarkable when considering it today. In 12 seasons as a Twin he was of course selected to the All-Star team 12 times. He missed the 1970 game due to injury, but started the other 11. He had two triples in his last All-Star game in a Minnesota uniform (1978).
Carew won seven batting titles as a Twin, including four straight (1972-1975). He finished a close third with a .331 mark in 1976, behind George Brett (.333) Hal McRae (.332), and that's all that kept him from winning seven straight batting titles from 1972-1978.
Carew finished top-10 in MVP voting six times, including five straight years (1973-1977), winning the award once.
During that 1977 AL MVP campaign, Carew hit .388 and drove in 100 runs with a 1.019 OPS, while hitting more triples (16) than home runs (14).
Carew is the Twins' all-time leader in bWAR (63.8), his .334 batting average is sure to remain untouched as the best in franchise history and his 2,085 hits as a Twin is still third.


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On 20 June the North Western Waters Advisory Council (NWWAC) launched its 2022 NWWAC Fisheries Management Chart.
Now in its second year of publication, the NWWAC Fisheries Management Chart depicts the NWWAC remit area and collates various management measures that fishers in the North Western Waters have to comply with on a daily basis. These management measures are a broad set of rules that govern how, where and when fishers may fish.
Emiel Brouckaert, Chair of the NWWAC, commented:
"We are delighted to make this publication available again this year following its first publication in 2021. Over the past year our members have appreciated the availability of such a chart and agreed that an update reflecting the changes in 2022 is welcome."
The NWWAC Fisheries Management Chart presents information useful for fishery activities in the North Western Waters in a user-friendly format. It includes information on measures to achieve the objectives of the Common Fishery Policy. Also details on closures of areas and on the obligation to land all catches are reflected.
Of particular interest to fishers in the North Western Waters is information on the 51 TAC quota stocks within the scope of the NWWAC. These are included as a table detailing the species, area, the EU identification code and the EU TAC for 2022.
Additional information of interest to fisheries management in the North Western Waters is again included in the form of several smaller maps. These include:
The chart also reflects the changes following Brexit by clearly distinguishing UK waters from EU waters.
The NWWAC Fisheries Management Chart 2022 is available in the NWWAC's three working languages (English, French, Spanish) in print and as a pdf file which can be found on the NWWAC's website www.nwwac.org under "Publications".
Notes to editors
The North Western Waters Advisory Council (NWWAC) is one of 11 fisheries Advisory Councils across Europe, generating multi-stakeholder advice to feed into the European Commission and Member States on key fisheries policy developments affecting their area of competence. NWWAC advice focuses on matters related to EU fisheries management and ecosystem considerations in the Irish Sea, the Celtic Seas and the Channel.
NWWAC website English: https://www.nwwac.org/english
NWWAC website French: https://www.nwwac.org/francaise
NWWAC website Spanish: https://www.nwwac.org/espanola
NWWAC Secretariat contact: Mo Mathies | firstname.lastname@example.com | T: +353 1 2144 143 |


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Jaya Rudgard
We're fortunate that Jaya Rudgard has generously offered to lead our daily meditation sessions for Europe and the UK. To find out more about Jaya, and to view her other contributions to Sangha Live, click here. Recordings will be posted by the end of the day of the live session.
This week's theme is "Meditations on the Five Great Elements of Nature"
The five elements or energetic properties of nature (earth, water, fire, wind and space) feature frequently in the Buddha's teaching and are a wonderful support for meditation and insight. This week we will practice with these elements as skilful means for contemplating body and world, and for cultivating the mind.