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World-giveaways.com – Etaprime | Lenovo Legion Go Handheld Gaming PC Giveaway
Etaprime is (are) running wonderful giveaway to gift 1 in total of their follower(s). To enter in their latest giveaway grab your free entries by click the giveaway link below and follow the instructions
About Etaprime | Lenovo Legion Go Handheld Gaming PC Giveaway
Gone are the days when gamers were restricted to their bulky gaming consoles or stationary PCs. The gaming industry has witnessed a significant shift towards mobility, and Lenovo, a renowned name in the tech world, has now stepped up their game with the introduction of the Lenovo Legion Go Handheld Gaming PC. This revolutionary device allows gamers to experience immersive gaming on the go, providing a new level of convenience and portability.
The Lenovo Legion Go is a handheld gaming PC designed to cater to the needs of avid gamers. Its sleek and compact design makes it easy to carry around, allowing gamers to indulge in their favorite titles anytime, anywhere. Whether you're on a long journey, waiting for a friend, or simply looking to kill some time, the Lenovo Legion Go is the perfect gadget for gaming enthusiasts on the move.
One of the standout features of the Lenovo Legion Go is its powerful hardware. Equipped with the latest generation processors and dedicated graphics cards, this handheld gaming PC is capable of delivering desktop-like gaming performance. You can enjoy graphically demanding games with smooth frame rates and detailed visuals, all in the palm of your hand. The device runs on Windows, giving gamers access to a vast library of games and applications from various platforms, ensuring that you never run out of gaming options.
The Lenovo Legion Go also boasts an impressive display. The handheld gaming PC features a high-resolution screen with vibrant colors and excellent contrast, providing an immersive gaming experience. Whether you're blasting through enemies in a first-person shooter or exploring vast open-world environments, the Lenovo Legion Go's display will bring every detail to life, enhancing your overall gaming experience.
In addition to outstanding hardware, the Lenovo Legion Go comes with a range of connectivity options. The device supports Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, allowing gamers to connect with friends online or pair wireless gaming accessories for added convenience. Furthermore, it offers USB and HDMI ports, enabling you to connect the device to external displays or peripherals, giving you the flexibility to customize your gaming setup even when you're on the move.
Comfort during long gaming sessions is crucial, and Lenovo has taken care of this aspect as well. The Lenovo Legion Go comes with ergonomic controls, including well-placed joysticks, buttons, and triggers, ensuring that your hands don't tire out easily. The device's design allows for extended gaming sessions without compromising on comfort or performance. Additionally, the handheld gaming PC features efficient cooling mechanisms to prevent overheating, ensuring consistent and uninterrupted gameplay.
Battery life is always a concern for portable gaming devices, but Lenovo has addressed this issue with the Lenovo Legion Go. The device comes with a long-lasting battery that can provide hours of gaming on a single charge. This means you won't have to worry about running out of battery in the middle of an intense gaming session or having to carry around extra charging accessories.
Overall, the Lenovo Legion Go Handheld Gaming PC is a game-changer for the mobile gaming industry. Its powerful hardware, immersive display, and range of connectivity options make it a perfect companion for gaming enthusiasts on the go. Whether you're a casual gamer or a pro, the Lenovo Legion Go offers a gaming experience like no other, bringing console-like gaming performance to the palm of your hand. So, gear up and get ready to take your gaming to new heights with the Lenovo Legion Go Handheld Gaming PC.
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welcome to
Jewels and Horses
Where luxury, glamour and practicality unite
We're so glad to have your on our page
Small but beautiful
Jewels and Horses are a high end equestrian boutique based
in Beech Hill, Reading.
We are a hardworking, multi-tasking mother/daughter team.
Luxury, glamour, practiality
We are passionate equestrians and source equestrian brands for their luxury, glamour and practicality.
Look good. Feel good
We want to look and feel good whatever the circumstances.
Need help? Just ask.
We pride ourselves on giving customers a unique and special customer service.
If there is anything we can help with, please just ask us.
Steph and Jill

subset: commoncrawl


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Protesting the Bomb: How a Nun and Fellow Activists Breached the Y-2 National Security Complex
With just a pair of bolt cutters.
In 2012, Sister Megan Rice, Gregory Boertje-Obed, and Michael Walli entered the Y-12 National Security Complex using nothing but a pair of bolt cutters. It was remarkable, given the intense security surrounding the site, which stores all United States' weapons-grade uranium.
The story behind those who trespassed onto the site—and the reasons they did so—is equally as remarkable.
On the latest episode of Press the Button, Helen Young joins co-host Michelle Dover to discuss the story of lay and religious activists in her film "The Nuns, the Priests, and the Bomb." Young is an Emmy award-winning writer and producer who has dedicated her career to illuminating critical issues. She spent over twenty-five years working as a staff writer and producer on a number of network news and magazine broadcasts, including CBS.
Young says she was inspired to produce a film on nuclear weapons because of her "deep and abiding belief that this is probably the most serious security threat we're facing in the world right now, and unfortunately not too many people are aware of it." The film follows two breaches of nuclear weapons facilities in the United States: the 2012 breach of the Y-12 National Nuclear Security Complex in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and the action that inspired it, a protest at a U.S. naval base near Seattle just less than a year earlier.
The nuns and priests at the center of the film are members of the "Transform Now Plowshares" movement, a network of activists that came together in the early 1980s to advocate resistance to nuclear weapons and war. Their protests—referred to as "Plowshares actions" – are the result of a deliberative process, and often include civil disobedience. The Plowshares movement is not related to Ploughshares Fund.
The nun who led the Y-12 breach, Sister Megan Rice, passed away this fall at the age of ninety-one, having been arrested more than forty times for anti-weapons protests. Recounting a conversation she had with Sister Rice, Young says one of Rice's motivating factors was the need she saw to do something dramatic, to really raise awareness, because people simply do not pay attention to the issue of nuclear weapons with the concern it deserves.
The Y-12 break-in triggered four congressional hearings, legal proceedings, and intense scrutiny of the site's security practices. The U.S. government had spent millions of dollars in security systems and personnel to protect the site, and with all this security, how were three people able to go undetected for nearly thirty minutes?
The film highlights how much of the media coverage was on these security failures, and less on the reasons that the Plowshares group targeted the site, or their bravery entering a "shoot-to-kill" zone. Nonetheless, at the end of the day, Young notes "it was a great entree into telling the larger story."
Young highlights, "there have been a hundred Plowshares actions and there has never been a violent incident, or no one's ever gotten hurt, because when these activists do go into these facilities, they take special care to bring their peace symbols, to bring their banners and to make it brutally honest, brutally obvious to whoever's there, that they are peace activists, they don't have any weapons."
That said, Young stresses that the activists realize they are putting themselves at risk and are breaking the law. The film documents the considerable time and care the members take in planning their actions. Young explains the members of the Plowshares group "pray about it for a year. They discern and…they spend time together in contemplation of what they're about to do, and they do take it very seriously." Through the film, the audience, like Young can truly get "to know these people… the depth of their conviction and their real concern for humanity."
Having focused on myriad causes of international concern, Young knows that there are many issues to be passionate about and many issues to become involved in. She acknowledges, "many young people are engaged in the climate movement, which is wonderful." But, she adds, "I always like to say, if there is a nuclear confrontation, we won't have a climate to protect." So what can people do who want to get involved? The first step, Young says, is to become informed.
The entire interview with Helen Young is available here on Press the Button. You can find links to watch Helen Yong's film "The Nuns, The Priest, and the Bomb" on her website and become informed on the issue of nuclear weapons.
Alexandra B. Hall is the policy associate and special assistant to the president at Ploughshares Fund, a global security foundation.
Image: Wikimedia Commons


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Are you looking for fresh ways to make your team meetings more effective and efficient? There are lots of team meeting ideas and tips that help to move projects forward. Team meetings don't always have to be boring or unproductive.
A lot of project managers struggle with getting the most out of their meetings, but there are other ways to make them more effective. If you want your team meetings to be more productive, then you need to focus on better collaboration techniques.
In this blog post, we will discuss 5 innovative strategies that will help you get the most out of each meeting
5 tips to make your team meetings more productive and collaborative
If you're feeling frustrated with team meetings that don't seem to be productive, you're not alone. Team meetings are essential for getting everyone on the same page, addressing concerns, and moving projects forward.
Most of the time as project manager or leader, you are the meeting facilitator. Your job is to keep things moving along according to the agenda and ensure that everyone in the meeting is participating actively.
Improve the efficacy and collaboration among your group by incorporating these 5 tips for successful team meetings
1. Keep meetings relevant to your audience.
If you want to keep your team engaged in the meeting, make sure that the topics are relevant to them. This means discussing things that will directly impact their work or that they're interested in. If you're not sure what to discuss, ask for suggestions from team members beforehand.
Start by defining the purpose and desired outcomes of the meeting upfront. What will happen as a result of the meeting? What action, change, or results do we expect? What series of steps do we need to take in the meeting to inevitably lead us to achieve our given outcome? Knowing the answer to these questions will help keep everyone focused and on track.
2. Focus on the planned outcomes of the meeting.
Before the meeting starts, make sure you know what the planned outcomes are supposed to be. This way, you can keep the discussion focused and on track toward those goals. If necessary, appoint someone to be responsible for making sure that each discussion stays relevant to the outcome goals.
3. Focus on individual experience.
When leading a meeting, it's important to remember that every team member is unique and has their own individual experiences and perspectives to contribute. This means that you should focus on open communication and collaboration, rather than trying to control the conversation.
Encourage team members to share their thoughts and ideas freely so that everyone can benefit from different perspectives. This will help ensure that everyone is engaged and contributing meaningfully.
4. Record action items and document decisions agreed upon.
After each discussion, make sure to record any action items or decisions that were made. Take time to document decisions agreed upon and action items assigned. At the end of every productive meeting, there should be a clear understanding of what needs to be done next and who is responsible for doing it.
By taking the time to document these decisions, you'll save yourself a lot of headaches down the road. This way, everyone will be clear on what needs to be done after the meeting ends. These notes can be shared with team members via emails or an online project management tool like Trello or Asana
Furthermore, if there are follow-up discussions needed, schedule those as well so everyone knows when they need to reconvene. Nothing bogs down productivity quite like having 7 different conversations going on without clear direction or purpose.
5. Follow up after the meeting with an email summarizing what was discussed and agreed upon.
This will ensure that everyone is on the same page and provide a record of what was accomplished during the meeting.
By following these simple tips, you can turn your team meetings from time-wasting disasters into productive collaborative sessions that move your organization forward. Try them out at your next team gathering!
Wrapping Up
Following these tips will boost the performance of team meetings are ensure productivity and collaboration. By keeping things focused and organized, you'll be able to get more done in less time. As a result, you'll be able to achieve your goals more effectively and efficiently.
Team meetings are a necessary part of any business. They provide an opportunity for team members to come together and collaborate on projects, share ideas, and resolve any issues that may have arisen.
However, not all team meetings are created equal. Some team meetings are more productive than others. I always try to engage everyone on my team by asking them direct questions at the meeting or setting up a check-in after the meeting for a one-on-one session. As a project leader, your goal should always be to get all stakeholder's opinions and needs.
What are the different types of team meetings?
Strategic team meetings are essential to the success of any project, offering a dynamic platform for creative collaboration and problem-solving. There are several types of team meeting ideas that an innovating and positive leader should consider when constructing their meeting agenda.
For instance, "stand-up" meetings allow for quick communication & decision-making as well as keeping within time limits. Additionally, working groups or brainstorming sessions are beneficial for generating innovative ideas in a hands-on collective atmosphere.
Also, retrospective or recap meetings enable the team to review what has been accomplished, discuss important topics, and crosscheck tasks that need to be completed moving forward.
As a project leader, finding the perfect meeting type that will produce successful results always requires thoughtful consideration and collaboration with your team. Different contexts result in differing desired outcomes, so consult with those you lead to determine which course of action is most likely to generate success.
How do I run better team meetings?
Running successful team meetings can be a difficult and time-consuming task, but it doesn't have to be. When setting up and running efficient meetings, there are a few key steps that should be taken in order to ensure the discussions are productive and meaningful.
Here are my top tips for running better team meetings:
- make an agenda.
- assign roles and set a timeline for each agenda item.
- have one clear goal or purpose in mind each time you meet.
- attach any relevant document that would be needed for discussion in the meeting to the agenda sheet or project folder.
- provide support as needed and document decisions/ideas/action items during the meeting.
Taking these steps will help keep your team focused and organized so you can get the most out of each meeting. During the meeting, allow everyone to share their ideas while ensuring they stick to the topic at hand by setting goals and milestones.
Remember also to send follow-up notes after the meeting to recap key decisions that were made or tasks that need to be done so everyone can be held accountable.
What are some team meeting ideas to inspire motivation?
Keeping teams motivated during team meetings can seem like a daunting task, however, there are several innovative and successful leadership tactics that project leaders can use to guarantee successful results.
Firstly, setting the right tone is important – establishing an environment that allows mutual respect and collaboration while ensuring clear objectives for the meeting will go a long way in providing focus and direction.
Secondly, starting the meeting with small talks and introducing fun elements such as games or icebreakers help open up the discussion and inspire conversations out of the box. The objective here isn't about powering on through complex tasks but rather allowing each team member to step out of their comfort zone.
Thirdly, strive to ensure recognition is given where due – ask team members to share what went right on a project or initiative and recognize their growth and learning opportunities. This will inspire the rest of the group to know that their efforts have value.
Keeping these tips in the forefront of your mind, team meetings can become a source of inspiration, uplifting effective communication, and motivation for all participants!


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A Cruffin is a cross between croissant and a muffin, with a flaky texture of a croissant and flavour of a muffin.
Cruffins are said to be created by Mr. Holmes Bakehouse. Of course there are many versions about its origins.
And so Mr. Holmes Bakehouse is coming to Singapore, located in a street-facing unit at Pacific Plaza, Orchard Road. The bakery-café is scheduled for opening come June 2021.
Founded by co-owner and pastry chef Aaron Caddel, Mr. Holmes Bakehouse was first established in 2014 as a humble wholesale bakery along the bustling Tenderhill district in San Francisco, before it catapulted to fame on social media over its cruffins.
The name comes from the owner's mother's cats by the way – one's called Sherlock, the other Holmes.
I visited the outlet in Seoul before, and many Korean girls and couples were seem posing with pastries under the neon sign "I got Baked in Seoul", rather iconic for its Instagram purpose.
Cruffins were limited to two per customer, and changes flavour every single day – anything from earl grey, passion fruit, white choco, mango, hazelnut & dark choco, and mint choco.
This seems similar to how Dominique Ansel Bakery market their cronuts.
These Cherry-flavoured ones in Seoul changed my impression of Cruffins upon hearing that cracking sound when cut apart.
They seemed to get it right with the flakiness, fluffy inner texture and smooth creamy filling with noticeable savour of cherries (yet not artificial tasting).
Okay. My main qualm about pastries and cakes from America is the sweetness level, but this didn't go overboard at all.
The other must-get was the Brioche Donut – a sugared pillow-soft donut filled with rich pastry cream in the middle.
Here's the fun thing: You get Vanilla or a "Random Filling", which can be anything from vanilla cheesecake, passion fruit curd, caramelized banana and strawberry cream.
Their Croissants dipped in flavours of Matcha, Ferrero Rocher, and Ham & Cheese, were slightly on the dry side, but better than the average.
Despite its initial popularity in Seoul, Mr. Holmes Bakehouse didn't survive too long there.
Question: Is it too late for this Cruffin originators to come into Singapore?
Mr. Holmes Bakehouse Singapore
9 Scotts Rd, Pacific Plaza Level 1, Singapore 228210 (Opening soon)
Other Related Entries
10 Pretty Pink Cafes In Singapore
Ice Lab (Jewel Changi Airport)
PRAIRIE by Craftsmen (River Valley)
Smile Dessert 酒窝甜品 (Bugis)
Edith Patisserie Cake Bar (Penang Road)
* Follow @DanielFoodDiary on Facebook and Instagram for more food news, food videos and travel highlights. Daniel's Food Diary pays for food reviewed unless otherwise stated.


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Dishwasher Repairing Is Unsafe: Myth Or Reality?
Dishwashers in Lesotho have become a necessity of every kitchen these days. Gone are the days when people used to wash dishes under the tap, with a conventional method of using their hands. However, the excessive use of dishwashers makes them prone to damage, and most people do not know how to repair them properly. Some even consider repairing their dishwasher unsafe. This article is written to provide all the necessary information about repairing your dishwashers so that you can benefit from them for a much longer period.
Most Common Damages In A Dishwasher
A dishwasher can be damaged in many ways, but there are some damages that every dishwasher owner faces. These damages include broken door latch, leaked hose connection, or straining of some parts due to excessive usage. Unfortunately, most people do not know how to repair these damages. Moreover, some feel reluctant to repair a dishwasher themselves because of their and equipment's safety. They presume that they might get hurt while repairing a dishwasher, or the dishwasher will be further damaged if they try to repair it themselves. Some of the concerns of such people are genuine because it may get risky while repairing a dishwasher without the help of a professional. However, some repairs can be easily done by laypeople. After analyzing the security risk attached with the repairs of your dishwasher, try to estimate the repairing cost and time to assist yourself in making a decision more quickly and efficiently.
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Repairing Your Dishwasher
The most important advantage of repairing your dishwasher yourself is saving you money and time. Moreover, it will improve your skillset because you will learn a new thing by repairing a piece of equipment. Furthermore, by repairing your dishwasher, you will learn about the prices of its different parts, which will save you from being conned in the future.
The greatest and most common disadvantage of repairing your dishwasher is that most people do not have the necessary tools to repair it. However, this problem can be solved by hiring a professional appliance repair person.
When to Hire a Professional to Fix Your Dishwasher In Following Cases
Avail services of a professional if your dishwasher requires a complete replacement of any part because it is a pretty complex and virtually impossible task for laypeople. Moreover, do not consider re-soldering yourself because it is hazardous and can cause serious injuries.
Tips To Increase Longevity Of Your Dishwasher
To increase the longevity of your dishwasher, clean your dishwasher regularly. Remove the food particles from the equipment because they can affect its performance in the longer run by choking different internal parts of your dishwasher. Buy a good dishwashing detergent to clean your dishwasher. At least clean your dishwasher once a week with a dishwashing detergent. Finally, pay close attention to the sound of your dishwasher. If you notice excessive noises because excessive noises are caused due to broken parts.


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By Ruth Musser-Lopez and Mark Gutglueck
This week, the long awaited Colonies Lawsuit Settlement Public Corruption Trial got underway in earnest, with the jury previously selected to pass judgment in the case against defendant Jim Erwin hearing opening statements from both the prosecution and the defense.
Erwin is one of four remaining defendants of the five who have been charged in the case.
In February 2010, charges were first filed against Erwin, a one-time sheriff's deputy who was the elected treasurer and later the president of the union representing San Bernardino County's Sheriff's deputies, and a once-powerful county politician, Bill Postmus, who was both chairman of the board of supervisors, the chairman of the San Bernardino County Republican Party apparatus and later county assessor. Those charges came more than three years after Postmus vacated his position as supervisor when he was elected assessor in November 2006, shortly after which he hired Erwin to serve in the capacity of assistant assessor. The February 2010 criminal charges alleged that Postmus and Erwin were intertwined in an extortion and bribery circumstance relating to one of Postmus's last acts as supervisor, when he and then-supervisors Paul Biane and Gary Ovitt approved the $102 million settling of a lawsuit brought by the Colonies Partners development consortium against the county and its flood control district over drainage issues. Those drainage issues existed at the Colonies at San Antonio residential and Colonies Crossroads commercial subdivisions in northeast Upland.
Both Postmus and Erwin pleaded not guilty to those charges in the immediate aftermath of that original criminal filing. Thirteen months later, however, Postmus in March 2011, pleaded guilty to 10 felonies and other misdemeanors in connection with the Colonies case as well as allegations of abusing his elected office as county assessor to bolster his political career, and drug use/possession. He agreed to turn state's evidence and testify against the four defendants at trial in exchange for leniency.
Postmus then served as the star witness before a grand jury, which heard the testimony of more than 40 witnesses and then in May 2011 handed down a 29-count indictment naming Biane, who had been voted out of office as the county's Second District supervisor in 2010; Mark Kirk, who had been the chief of staff to Gary Ovitt; Jeff Burum, one of the Colonies Partners' two managing principals; and Erwin. The charges in the indictment superseded those filed against Erwin in the criminal case leveled against him 15 months previously. The indictment essentially rehashed the charges contained in the February 2010 criminal complaint, but enlarged upon the action of Biane, Kirk and Burum, and included them as defendants.
According to the indictment, Burum, seeking to profiteer from an excessive legal settlement, utilized a public relations consultant, Patrick O'Reilly, and Erwin to threaten and extort Postmus and Biane with exposure of issues relating to their respective lifestyles to convince them to settle the lawsuit the Colonies Partners had lodged against the county. Ultimately that information was withheld in conjunction with Postmus, Biane and Ovitt approving the settlement of the lawsuit for a $102 million payout, according to the indictment, and Burum then rewarded Erwin, Postmus, Biane and Kirk with the provision of $100,000 kickbacks to each of them disguised as political contributions to political action committees each of them had set up or in some fashion controlled. The indictment alleged that the $100,000 paid to Kirk was provided to him for delivering then-supervisor Ovitt's vote in support of the settlement.
In his opening statement on Wednesday, San Bernardino County Deputy District Attorney R. Lewis Cope described the alleged unlawful extraction of a wrongful settlement as a "carrot and stick" scheme plotted by Burum and carried out largely with the assistance of Erwin. The prosecution team consists of members of the San Bernardino County District Attorney's Office and the California Attorney General's Office, most notably Cope and Supervising California Deputy Attorney Melissa Mandel.
Two juries have been impaneled for the trial – one for Erwin and the other for his three codefendants. That arrangement has been made because the prosecution wants to use certain statements Erwin made as evidence against him but are legally inadmissible against his codefendants. The jury impaneled to decide Erwin's fate was present in the courtroom on Wednesday January 4 and Thursday January 5, while the jury for the other three defendants was not present. Both juries are to be present on Monday January 9 to hear opening statements with regard to the other three remaining defendants.
While it was anticipated that in his opening argument given on Wednesday Cope would dwell in almost total measure with regard to the action of Erwin, as it turned out his presentation focused nearly as much on the action of the other defendants as it did on Erwin. To the extent that Cope made allegations against Erwin, he did so within the greater context of the action of what he essentially described as a criminal enterprise by all four of the defendants and Postmus. That enterprise, Cope averred, revolved around Burum.
Cope said Burum used a "carrot and stick" approach to get the board of supervisors to approve a settlement favorable to his company, and that Erwin was instrumental in the application of the stick. "Mr. Burum," Cope said, "is a well known developer with great resources. He is particularly well known by those who are politically inclined. He is a power broker, someone they want to see if they want to gain office, particularly if you are a Republican. There were politicians who felt they needed his endorsement if they are going to advance in their careers. He was a very important person in that realm and people sought him out."
Referencing the county government center, located "less than a block away from here, the county and its representatives entered into a dirty deal, a deal that was born of greed and corruption and bribery, knowing it was a bad deal, knowing they would profit from it, knowing it was bad for the county," Cope said. "All of the county's attorneys recommended against it."
Burum's company, the Colonies Partners had "filed a lawsuit against the county," and "wanted that lawsuit settled," Cope said. "He wanted it settled because he wanted the money and the land that was part of the deal."
Cope continued, "Mr. Erwin had a very interesting role and the evidence will show that at one time he was in charge of SEBA [the Safety Employees Benefit Association], the police union. Being in charge of that he had access to their resources. He was powerful but he wanted more. He wanted a greater political career. He wanted more power. We will explore how he went about gaining that power. He did that by facilitating the settlement. He did that by threatening members of the board of supervisors. He did that by telling them he would expose things about them they didn't want the voters to know, that would damage their careers. He was serving Mr. Burum in moving the settlement along in ways that were not proper, in ways that were dark."
Biane, Cope said, was another cog in the wheelhouse of corruption. Cope said that Biane, who was a real estate professional before he was elected to the board of supervisors, "was one of the supervisors who endorsed this settlement with Mr. Burum and the Colonies for $102 million. He did that against the advice of the best attorneys the county could hire. He did this despite the value of the property that would be exchanged was far in excess of what was required. The evidence will show he did know that."
Continuing, Cope said, "Mr. Kirk was the chief of staff to Gary Ovitt. Mr. Ovitt relied a lot on Mr. Kirk. Mr. Kirk wanted to see the deal go through from the very beginning because he knew he would profit from it. Another person was Bill Postums. Mr. Postmus was also a member of the board of supervisors at the time the deal was entered into. He was an individual who also profited from this event. How did they profit? Kirk, Erwin, Biane and Postmus all set up PACs [political action committees]." PACs, Cope said, "are a mechanism whereby people can donate money to serve political purpose. It is perfectly legitimate and legal for a person to donate money to those. But in this case, the donations were essentially payments as bribes. Mr. Burum gave each of them $100,000 at the end of the settlement. [The money] did not all come at once. We will talk about the time period when the money came into the PACs. It is important for the case to know how significant PACS are to the men who have power. There are lots of things people can do [with PACS]. If you are clever, there are ways that you can use them to gain power and influence. So this became a very powerful motivator. What can you do with money in a PAC? You can donate to your election process. Mr. Postmus put [the money] into his campaign fund. Then you can go out and use it as political expenditures."
In Erwin's case, Cope said, he used the money to support the supervisorial candidacy of San Bernardino City Councilman Neil Derry, who in 2008 ran against supervisor Dennis Hansberger, one of the two supervisors who voted against the $102 million settlement. Erwin did so at least in part, Cope said, with the expectation Derry would hire him as his chief of staff. When Derry defeated Hansberger, Cope said, Derry indeed hired him.
In similar fashion, the $100,000 supplied to Kirk's political action committee was part of an illicit manipulation of the political process, Cope said.
"Gary Ovitt was ostensibly Mark Kirk's boss," Cope said. "Mr. Kirk was his chief of staff. It was recognized that Mr. Kirk was very powerful in that position. You had to go through Mark Kirk to get to Gary Ovitt. Mr. Kirk's word was important. He let it be known to Mr. Burum that he would deliver Gary Ovitt's vote."
Cope said that Burum, in conjunction with Erwin and another individual, Patrick O'Reilly, utilized the political ambitions of Postmus, Biane and Kirk to achieve the settlement on terms favorable to his company.
"These are politicians that wanted to be more than what they were," Cope said. "Mr. Biane wanted to move up. He wanted a further, more important political office. He did not want something that would interfere with that pursuit. Mr. Postmus wanted further political office."
Thus, Cope asserted, they wanted Burum's monetary assistance, but they were wary of the negative publicity they might get if they came across as openly militating on his company's behalf.
"These men are trying to help Mr. Burum, but at the same time they worried about the voters," Cope said. "They are trying to help Mr. Burum arrive at a settlement but can't, for political reasons, go too far. So, Mr. Burum changed tactics and as the time got closer to where the deal had to be made, he had to get Mr. Erwin to help him. Mr. Erwin worked, under the direction of Mr. Burum, to induce Postmus and Biane to settle."
In this regard, Cope said, Burum had relied upon the advice provided to him by another politician he hired, former California State Senator Jim Brulte, who is now the chairman of the California Republican Party. Cope said that Brulte counseled Burum that "you have to change the narrative of what is in the news space if you want to change the environment in which the politician will settle" the lawsuit. "And by the way," Cope said, "Mr. Burum did listen to Jim Brulte's advice with respect to the media and made an active effort to change where the media would begin to move toward their position. Mr. Brulte worked on press releases, op eds, a sophisticated, well considered effort to change the narrative." But, according to Cope, "That by itself was not sufficient, so Mr. Burum had to change the position." To do this, Cope said, Burum employed "Patrick O'Reilly, an excellent media specialist in Riverside. He helped as well with the media narrative… to justify what they were going to do. Mr. Brulte and Mr. O'Reilly received good money from Mr. Burum for what they did."
Cope said "Mr. Brulte was a very powerful man. He led our state legislature. He is currently the head of the Republican Party in California. He is a strategist with an understanding of how Sacramento works. Mr. Burum employed him. The reason he employed him was to obtain a settlement. Mr. Brulte helped him in many different ways. He helped fine tune the message Mr. Burum would give."
In contrast to Brulte and O'Reilly being paid for their services directly, Cope said, "Mr. Erwin was more on a success fee arrangement. You bring me the settlement and you'll be rewarded. We will talk about how that reward occurred. He [Erwin] gave him [Postmus] a vision of what his possibilities were. He introduced Mr. Postmus to Mr. Burum's lifestyle. Mr. Postmus will tell you he explored the possibility of going for higher office." Cope then quoted Postmus's statements to the FBI to the effect that "Jeff [Burum] was very clear. If I was to ever leave office, he would take care of me, in helping me to get a job, but we have to get all of this behind us first before I can. If it is settled, afterwards there will be contributions." Cope then told the jury, "He said that to the FBI, to the investigators. He said it to friends and associates. That FBI interview will be interesting for you to look at. Look at it carefully."
Cope said that initially, Postmus did not seem to understand the term quid pro quo, which is Latin for 'something for something.' "Read it from beginning to end, because in the beginning he [Postmus] was confused and then it becomes clearer what he actually means," Cope said. "Mr. Burum was offering him a future, but he had to come through with the settlement. If that didn't happen, there would be no help. Mr. Kirk was going to bring in Mr. Ovitt's vote and he got rewarded." Furthermore, Cope said, Erwin served as "a secret intermediary" between Burum and Postmus. Cope said he would be able to establish his assertions because Postmus will testify. "Mr. Postmus has pled guilty to all the charges filed on him," Cope said. "He was previously charged and pled guilty. There is a possibility he will spend as long as five years in prison for the things he has done."
Cope said there were two pieces of land involved in the case, one being the 434 acres the Colonies Partners purchased in 1997 for 16 million and the other being undeveloped property in Rancho Cucamonga. The Upland property had formerly been owned by the San Antonio Water Company and contained within it flood control easements recorded in 1933, 1934 and 1939 on 67 of those acres. Those easements allowed the county flood control district to vector storm water running off of the nearby mountains and foothills there, Cope said. Meanwhile, Cope said, the California Department of Transportation, known by its acronym Caltrans, had pushed ahead with its plans to complete the 210 Freeway, also known as the Foothill Freeway. The freeway project was undertaken in conjunction with a joint powers agency, SANBAG, an acronym for San Bernardino Associated Governments, which involves all 24 of the county's cities and the county, and serves as the region's transportation agency. To accommodate the freeway project, the Colonies Partners sold a swathe of some 43 acres of its land across which the freeway would span, for which Caltrans paid $17 million, Cope said. Additionally, Cope said, the City of Upland successfully requested that the freeway be completed below grade. This created a situation in which a tremendous amount of water would flow onto the freeway during storms, Cope said, and the county's flood control district took charge of the situation by completing the 20th Street Storm Drain, a 72 inch diameter pipe to whisk that water away and then vector it into the 67 acre flood control basin on the Colonies property. Cope said the 1933, 1934 and 1939 easements gave the county the right to do that. The county and its flood control district, Cope acknowledged, were obliged to construct the basin to handle that flow. The county maintained, he said, that the basin could be built for $3 million, while the Colonies Partners insisted the price of the basin's construction would be considerably higher, as much as $23.5 million. It was this dispute over the continuing use of the 67 acres on the Colonies property for flood control purposes and the cost of the flood control basin that served as the basis for the Colonies Partners' lawsuit against the county to extract an unnecessary settlement, Cope said.
According to Cope, the county was represented in that lawsuit by two very capable law firms, the first being Munger Tolles & Olsen and the second being the firm of Jones Day. In waging its defense of that suit, Cope said, the county had the 1933, 1934 and 1939 easements in its favor. Additionally, Cope said, the county could marshal to its defense that CalTrans, SANBAG and the City of Upland shared whatever conceivable liability the situation entailed, since those entities were responsible for the creation of the circumstances that led to the issues the Colonies Partners were contesting in the lawsuit. Thus, Cope said, the county's financial responsibility amounted to perhaps ten percent and certainly no more than 20 percent of whatever damages the Colonies Partners might demonstrate that the company had suffered.
The county suffered a setback when the judge hearing the matter, Peter Norell, ruled that the county had abandoned the easements, thus eradicating its right to channel the water onto the Colonies Property. The county did not accept that ruling, however, Cope said, and appealed it to the Fourth District Court of Appeal. While that appeal was pending, during a negotiating conference in March 2005 involving on one side Burum and Colonies co-managing principal Dan Richards, Jim Brulte and the Colonies Partners' lawyers and, on the other side, Postmus, Biane and the county's attorneys, Postmus and Biane ordered all of the attorneys representing both sides to leave the room. About 90 minutes later, Postmus and Biane announced to those waiting outside that they had come to an accommodation with Burum and Richards. The suit would be settled, Biane said, by the county paying the Colonies Partners $77.5 million.
"This shocked and dumbfounded the attorneys because just a few weeks prior they had informed the board of supervisors that the value of the settlement was a very much lower price then what Mr. Biane and Mr. Postmus had arrived at. This created a big problem because the attorneys could see through it. They felt it was too much." Despite instructions not to do so, Paul Watford and Stephen Kristovich, the attorneys from the Munger Tollles & Olsen law firm representing the county, wrote a memorandum to the board of supervisors on April 4, 2005 decrying the proposed settlement and soon thereafter resigned. "Biane and Postmus did not want a written record of what they did. They did not want it circulated. We don't know how it happened, but this memo somehow got out to the public," Cope said, creating "big problems" for Postmus and Biane. Ultimately, that settlement proposal was withdrawn. This was frustrating for Burum, Cope said, who "had it [the settlement he wanted] within his grasp," only to see the prospect for it dashed by the revelation.
At one point, while the members of the board of supervisors were engaged in a closed session discussion of the Colonies matter, according to Cope, Postmus was using his blackberry to inform Erwin of what was being said in that supposedly confidential forum, and Erwin was relaying the information to Burum.
As much as Burum was interested in a generous cash settlement of the lawsuit, Cope said, more desirable was another settlement proposal involving the conveyance of property the county owned but no longer needed in Deer Canyon at the north end of Rancho Cucamonga. If the Colonies Partners could get that land, Cope said, the company could develop it and make hundreds of millions of more dollars. A land transfer would have required the approval of four members of the board of supervisors, Cope said, and the votes to do so never lined up or stayed in place long enough to effectuate that.
Burum continued to both pressure and charm Postmus, Cope said. "One of the things he did was to set up a meet and greet event for Mr. Postmus at the Redhill Country Club," Cope said, and Burum also accompanied Postmus oversees. "In September 2005 Mr. Postmus went on a trip to China with other delegates from the county and Mr. Burum," Cope said. "Mr. Postmus will tell you he went to Hong Kong where he bought for himself a couple of suits. Everything else was paid for by Mr. Burum." Upon returning to San Bernardino, Cope said, Postmus aggressively stormed into the county chief administrator's office, stating that the lawsuit with the Colonies partners had to be settled at once. "When Mr. Postmus came back from China, he was insistent, saying 'We've got to get this Colonies thing done,'"Cope said, quoting him.
Cope said that "eventually the case went to a judge, Judge Christopher Warner." At that point, Munger, Tolles and Olsen had been replaced as the county's attorneys by the law firm of Jones Day. "Judge Warner's ruling was not a good one for the county," Cope acknowledged. Nevertheless he said, the county's attorneys were confident they could get, as they had with the ruling by Judge Norell, a reversal. Jones Day felt there were issues that would vindicate the county upon appeal, including, according to Cope, that the flood control easements yet existed and that the $17 million paid out to the Colonies Partners through the previous CalTrans "settlement was intended to take care of all future damages" as a result of the construction of the 210 Freeway. Moreover, according to Cope, the county had yet to explore wringing from the City of Upland and SANBAG their fair share of any conceivable liability that grew out of the situation. "The county did not seek settlement from SANBAG or the City of Upland or Caltrans," Cope said. "It was only San Bernardino County that was on the hook and Jones Day was telling the board of supervisors you don't want to settle, leaving yourself on the hook when you have other parties responsible. In a lawsuit like this when you settle for more than you should, you might create problems in the future in getting money from the other side. How are you going to get money out of SANBAG, Upland and Caltrans?""
At that point, the November 2006 election was approaching, in which Postmus was running for assessor and on the ballot was Measure P, an initiative sponsored by Paul Biane to raise the compensation of the members of the board of supervisors from $99,000 in salary plus benefits per year to $151,000 in salary plus benefits annually. Because both supervisors had something riding on the election, that left them vulnerable to Burum and Erwin, Cope said. At that point, it was conveyed to Postmus and Biane that Burum and Erwin had prepared political hit pieces – that is, mailers, handbills or fliers – with derogatory information about them – the two highest ranking members of the county Republican Central Committee, namely that Postmus was a drug addicted homosexual and Biane was a homosexual who was teetering on the brink of bankruptcy. What was conveyed to them was that a private investigator had been going over their affairs with a fine-toothed comb, including digging through their garbage.
"Postmus is a clean cut guy, upstanding, he's young and somebody people from the desert would like to vote for. He comes from a religious family. His father was in law enforcement. Mr. Erwin knows that he's a homosexual. At that time in this county if you were Republican, that was the kiss of death. If that was made public, that would be the death of his political career. He also knew Mr. Postmus was a drug addict. He started with doctor-prescribed medications and then methamphetamine he was introduced to by one of the people he met for sexual liaisons. Yet, he was able to still do his job, still get elected to the assessor's office. Now, in terms of what is happening and where we are at with the settlement, it is very important. Erwin wants the settlement to happen because he knows it is going to benefit him as well. What will Bill Postmus' dad or family think? There is the threat the fliers will be sent out over the election in 2006." Ultimately, the hit pieces did not go out, Cope said. Three weeks after the election, a grateful Postmus and Biane voted to approve the $102 million settlement.
"Mr. Erwin talked about the mailers that were going to be sent," said Cope. "He had mock ups and showed them. This was an arrangement of great benefit to Mr. Burum and Mr. Erwin. He provided a role that was beneficial to Mr. Burum. He knew they would not agree to the settlement without an incentive. Mr. Erwin was perfectly situated for that role."
Less than two months after the settlement was voted upon, Burum used a private jet to fly Erwin and O'Reilly to New York, where they stayed at a luxury condominium and went to an off-Broadway show and then to an upscale jewelry store where Burum purchased both men a watch, including a Rolex for Erwin that cost more than $12,000. They then flew to Washington, D.C., where they spent the night at the Mandarin Hotel in separate $400 per night rooms and met with Congressman Kevin McCarthy for lunch.
"After a night in the Mandarin, they flew back," said Cope. "It was a nice, short, extravagant thank you for helping Mr. Burum get $102 million."
Mr. Erwin had hired on to the assessor's office and, according to Cope, in filling out his statements of economic interest, Erwin omitted mentioning the trip, the accommodations or the watch.
"If you don't disclose those things, it's a crime," said Cope. "He didn't report the watch [and] he didn't report the airplane trip because to do so would show his direct connection to Mr. Burum. That was something he did not want to do."
In 2007, between March and the end of June, the Colonies Partners issued separate $100,000 checks to political action committees prosecutors say were controlled by Biane, Erwin and Kirk, and two $50,000 checks to each of two political action committees controlled by Postmus.
According to Cope, Erwin "took money out of his PAC so he could pay his legal bills." He also falsified a document with the falsified signature of Steve Hauer, believed to be an unwitting principal in Erwin's PAC.
"Steve Hauer will come in here and will be asked if his signature is on that letter," said Cope. "His answer will be 'No.' That was a method by which Mr. Erwin would hide the source this PACs money was coming from. Evidence will show Mr. Erwin was involved in doing things in a way to keep the public from noticing."
Cope said, "Mr. Burum knew the public servants he was dealing with were flawed people. That worked to his benefit. He was able to capitalize on those flaws and motivate them to do what he wanted them to do. Mr. Erwin played a very important role in that. It was a very savvy, very well coordinated dance, this conspiracy to achieve this goal. There are people who will testify, people you perhaps will not like very much. Test what they say in light of all of the evidence. They were targeted because they had those flaws. Certainly, Mr. Erwin was very familiar with those flaws. He knew he would be successful and these other men would also benefit if he was successful. His work helped lay the groundwork for the bribery. He was excited about this. He went about his work with great relish. He profited by it. He did it by capitalizing on the weakness of others and by corrupt means that have brought us all here."
Immediately following the conclusion of Cope's presentation on Wednesday afternoon, Raj Maline, Erwin's attorney, offered his opening statement, which served as both a rebuttal of most if not all of Cope's assertions as well as an exploration of further territory. When his remarks were not concluded in the late afternoon of Wednesday January 4, he returned to the courtroom the following day to finish. Like Cope's prosecutorial-angled diatribe that sought to orient Erwin's jury to the overarching context of the theory of criminal collusion involving all four current defendants, Maline's remarks went beyond a straightforward defense of his own client and in several specific instances appeared calculated to refute the characterization of guilt lodged against Kirk, Biane and more expansively, Burum.
Saying he was "proud to be representing Jim Erwin, Maline asserted that the prosecution had engaged in a selective presentation of fact, conjecture and misrepresentation, which he likened to his own experience attending a Lakers game when he was inadvertently caught on the Staple Center's "Kiss Cam" seated next to a woman who was not his wife, which implied he and she were a couple. "That was the picture painted of me in a snapshot. But if you go outside of the frame, that has nothing to do with reality. The story you just heard has no basis in reality," Maline said.
It was the county and county officials who abused the defendants in the case his client is caught up in, Maline said, not the other way around.
Maline said, "I do agree with Mr. Cope that there was a dirty deal. There were corrupt county officials, but not the county officials he said. It was the county officials that did corrupt things and pulled dirty deals on Jeff Burum."
According to Maline's narrative, the property purchased in northeast Upland by the Colonies Partners for development was indeed once a flood drainage area, but was no longer one during the time the lawsuit was launched. He said massive scale flooding that occurred in the region in 1969 resulted in the Army Corps of Engineers having "constructed a channel that went alongside [the property] that sent [the floodwaters] down to Prado Dam," rendering the huge flood basin there obsolete and eradicating the need for the flood water spreading grounds. "It was a natural kind of flood control system. The natural habitat allows water to stop going forward and instead it seeps into the ground. When the Army Corp built this channel, all of sudden he channel took care of all the water. That archaic flood control area could be developed for other purposes." After other "developers took a shot at using that property" but did not progress along that track, Maline said the "growing population of the area" and "transportation needs and plans underway for development of 210 extension through Upland that would bring more cars and people to the area" inspired a young developer, to take a chance at transforming the property. "That young developer was Jeff Burum," Maline said. "He got in. He saw an opportunity. He pooled his money with 23 other people called the Colony Partners, which included a U.S. senator, doctors and lawyers, and he took a chance."
The Colonies Partners, Maline said, paid $16 million for the land in 1997. "This property was a wasteland for many years. No one would touch it. It had been used for years for natural flood control. A lot of developers passed. Mr. Burum had a vision." Maline said that Cope's insinuation that the Colonies Partners investment entailed just $16 million was far off. "They needed $100 million to build the infrastructure before anyone could build on it, just to get things going," Maline said.
As the company started to develop the property, Maline asserted, the county interfered with its plans. During phase one of the project, Maline said, "Mr. Burum learned that the county flood control district is contemplating diverting excess water from the 210 Freeway extension. There are three square miles of a watershed area northwest of the Colonies. The county has to deal with water and storm water and what to do with it. The county comes up with a plan to build the storm drain and dump the water onto the Colonies property. At that point the developer who had the property cannot use the property for what it was bought for."
Maline continued, "In 1998, discussions began as to what to do with the water. It is not an option for Mr. Burum to have the water all dumped on his land. That is the county's responsibility. That is not fair. A series of discussions are held." During those discussions, Maline said, the county, in the personage of flood control director Ken Miller offered the Colonies Partners an assurance that if the county were to be allowed to use the property for storm water runoff, no more than 650 cubic feet of water per second would be conveyed there. Maline said that assurance prompted Burum to go along with the county. He said that Burum's reaction was "Now, if it is only that much you are going to dump, I can build my houses, and I will even pay to divert your water. I will do it myself and I will build the connection to the storm drain." Thus, Maline said, "They made a deal." But there was a catch, Erwin's lawyer said. "Mr. Miller knew that he was lying. He knew as early as 1997 that the water discharge rates would be in excess of 650 cubic feet per second. He misrepresented."
Maline asserted, "Private land owners are not responsible for water. Government has a responsibility for flood water. That is the reason why the county has [a] flood control [division]. Mr. Burum does not want the storm drain [to empty] onto his property. He will not be able to use 70 acres, and then what will have to happen is the bulk of his property [will need to] be used to convey water over to that channel. That is 70 acres that he would not be able to use and he bought it for development, fair and square."
When Burum raised that issue, Maline said, the county's response eventually became 'We have an easement that allows us to use it as a flood control system."
The county was bullying Burum, Maline said.
"So when Mr. Burum signed that agreement, he [Miller] knew that they were going to dump in excess [of 650 cubic feet of water per second]. Mr. Burum said, 'Hold on. I already have plans [to develop] in place.' The county did something else. The further evidence of corruption is that the county said [as of] stage two and stage three of your development, you are not going to be able to do it unless we can turn on that storm drain. Who was going to pay for that kind of flood control? Mr. Burum was to pay. In secret, the storm drain got turned on."
Maline said Miller and the county engaged in "a shakedown of Mr. Burum. The county would not approve future phases unless he allowed the storm drain. Mr. Burum had no choice. He had to file the lawsuit. They [the Colonies Partners] simply asked the judge to make a finding, a ruling of what the county has and what he had. He did not ask for one dime."
Thus, Maline said, Cope's characterization of Burum being motivated by greed was absolutely false.
Maline said that both Judge Peter Norell and Judge Chrisopher Warner made the determination that the county had misapplied its easements.
Ultimately, Maline said, Warner made a determination that the county's flood control authority on the Colonies property did not go beyond the scope of what was spelled out in the 1933, 1934 and 1939 easements and that by the county substantially overusing those easements, they had been extinguished, that is, were no longer applicable.
According to Maline, "Judge Warner ruled the Colonies has fully performed under the 1999 agreement; that the Colonies designed, constructed and paid for basin B and the design for basin A, despite no requirement to do so because of the county's breach; that the county failed and refused to negotiate in good faith with the Colonies despite a contractual obligation to do so; and the county held the Colonies property hostage."
Basin A was the facility that would hold the water coming in from off the site; Basin B was to hold the drainage generated on the site.
Furthermore, according to Maline, Warner stated, "The court found Mr. Burum to be a very credible witness. He answered questions without hesitation or equivocation. The court does not find Mr. Miller to be a credible witness because he did not appear to be forthright in his responses."
After Warner entered a tentative ruling in favor of the Colonies Partners on the lawsuit, he encouraged both the county and the Colonies Partners to enter into a mediation to head off the need for him to enter a final judgment and then make a determination as to monetary damages.
Maline said that the county, at the urging of its law firm, Jones Day, did not seriously negotiate but instead seemed purposed to allow the judge to finalize his rulings so the county could again appeal the matter to the appellate court.
Given the nature of Warner's rulings, Maline said the county's prospects at the appellate level were dim, and that Burum was not pushing for a settlement, as Cope maintained in his opening statement.
"Mr. Cope is telling you something, but it wasn't right, because the county needed to settle," Maline said. "Judge Warner strongly directed both parties to settle before his statement of intended decision became a final judgment in 30 days. Mr. Burum did not want to settle. It is the county who wanted to settle. At that point the bargaining power is now with the Colonies." Maline said the Colonies Partners stood to gain as much as or more than $300 million by not settling the lawsuit and instead waiting to let Warner make a final ruling.
Maline said Postmus had become hopelessly addicted to drugs by the time he was assessor. He related several instances when that drug use manifested in erratic or untoward behavior on Postmus' part. He said his client, Erwin, at one point intervened and checked Postmus into a rehab center in Lucerne Valley. When Postmus again began using drugs, Maline said, Erwin resigned from his post as assistant assessor. He said his client was later summoned to testify about the situation at the assessor's office and that he told the truth in that forum, angering both Postmus and Aleman. He said Postmus's drug use has rendered his word and recollection unreliable.
Maline dwelled at length on Adam Aleman, upon whose representations, he maintained, the bulk of the prosecution's case relies.
He said that the two major prongs of the case – the extortion of Bill Postmus and Paul Biane before the settlement and the provision of bribes to Postmus, Biane, Kirk and Erwin after the settlement – were fabrications put forth by Aleman. Noting that Cope had referenced "threats, mailers, flyers, drug use, those types of things," Maline said, "I can assure you, ladies and gentleman, that most of these things that he intends to show as evidence is Mr. Aleman's statements over a period of time. Mr. Aleman got into a position where he was involved with the district attorney's office. In 2007 Mr. Postmus won the election for county assessor and he picked two assistant assessors, Mr. Erwin, my client, and Mr. Aleman, who had been an assistant of his when he was on the board of supervisors. When he was brought over to the assessor's office, he [Aleman] was number two in command. Adam Aleman and Bill Postmus defrauded the assessor's office and the county from 2007 to 2008."
Aleman is, Maline said, "a self-admitted and convicted liar, a master manipulator [who had] a unique relationship with his boss, Bill Postmus. He started working with Mr. Postmus at 20-years-old at the board of supervisors. Postmus was running his political machine, raising money, supporting candidates, enhancing his Republican status and power under the cover of the assessor's office. Setting up a political base is legal if you are doing it on your own time. He also brought over staff who had nothing to do with assessors business, brought over [others engaged with] political activity. His friends, lovers and political cronies were brought over to the assessor's office. They had nothing to do with land appraising or assessing. This had to do with the political operation."
Maline continued, "Mr. Erwin was running the assessor's office, making sure the work was done. In secret, the other half of the assessor's office was the political operation. Mr. Aleman was heading that up. He was 23 or 24 years old. He had no experience, no college education. He was not even an appraiser. So he was definitely not qualified for the job. Eventually, with their political activities they got caught. This is how they got caught. The grand jury reconvened to investigate the assessor's office. The grand jury asked for documents because there were secret meetings on political strategy and who they can support politically. A female staff member is reporting, writing down all minutes about political activity. Their cover would be blown if they turned over the minutes. So Aleman's job was to change minutes, to substitute words to make it seem like it was assessor's business. Mr. Aleman did not count on the staff member keeping the original. She had a hunch that is what they were going to do, so she kept the original, and she turned it over and they got caught."
Maline said, "That is where the legal odyssey of Adam Aleman began. Of course, he did much more than just that. Aleman was Postmus's fixer. He literally covered up for Postmus on a full time basis because Postmus was not able to go to meetings. Aleman would lie for him. Postmus would end up in places, passed out with strange people. He would dust Postmus off, cover for him."
When the district attorney's office investigators showed up, they wanted Aleman's computer, but, according to Maline, Aleman "knew there was damaging material on the computer. So he destroyed the computer and removed the hard drive. When he was questioned regarding the hard drive, he said he didn't have it anymore. The hard drive in the computer he literally destroyed with a screwdriver and other tools. They investigated the extent of his malfeasance in his office. On June 30, 2008 Mr. Aleman was arrested."
In time, Aleman began cooperating with the district attorney's office. In the course of that cooperation, he provided information which Maline said contradicts the notion that Postmus was being extorted on the basis of his homosexuality.
"Aleman worked for him [Postmus] at the board of supervisors for three to four years," Maline said. "Strangers would show up there and be demanding money. Mr. Postmus would send Mr. Aleman down to the county building across the street to get money. Postmus had been with these men on previous occasions and had promised them things. Mr. Aleman was very sure that Mr. Postmus had had relationships with those men and they were coming to him for money. They would show up. He would be telling these men where he worked."
That Postmus was openly involved in these homosexual liaisons belied, Maline suggested, the narrative Cope had put forth to suggest he was being blackmailed over that issue by Burum. "He wasn't afraid that anyone would expose his being gay because many people knew he was gay," Maline said.
After his arrest, Aleman was charged with nine felony counts, including three counts of PC 134, false evidence preparation; one count of PC 132, offering false evidence; one count of Government Code Section 6200, relating to the destroying/altering of public records; and one count of PC 594 vandalism.
The legal cloud hanging over Aleman, Maline said, led him into becoming a font of disinformation.
"He was afraid about the criminal charges," Maline said. "He was looking at 8 years. He was facing multiple felonies. He approached the district attorney's office and said he wanted to become a snitch if he could get a better deal somehow. He was on an audition for eight months, trying to impress them on all the things he thinks he knows about in the county. At 24-years-old, he doesn't know much but he's got to give them something, information about Mr. Postmus. He was setting Mr. Postmus up."
Maline said he carried a recorder in his pocket with which he audio recorded his boss. "He hoped he would get Mr. Postmus to say some incriminating things," Maline said. "He would text him. One day in one of the interviews he mentions the Colonies case. The investigators stop. From the way the interview is conducted we know that is an important thing."
Maline said Aleman suggested the PAC contributions were "done illegally because Mr. Kirk took out $10,000 from his PAC. He didn't mention the bribes. He did mention the Colonies and from that point on most of the discussions are regarding the Colonies case. He talked about the mafia in Victorville. He doesn't mention anything about threats by Mr. Erwin prior to the settlement. Most information he gives the investigators he knows nothing about. He talks about meetings he has had with Jeff Burum. He never met Jeff Burum even once but he talks about Mr. Burum like he's his old buddy, old pal."
The two investigators working on Aleman, Maline said, "are a guy named [Hollis] Randles and a guy named [Robert] Schreiber."
Randles and Schreiber were two district attorney's office investigators who were instrumental to what Maline described as a "political prosecution" of Postmus, Biane, Burum, Erwin, and Kirk.
Postmus referred to Randles and Schreiber as "the thug squad," Maline said. "Bill Postmus said the thug squad made him say things he didn't want to say," Maline said. Maline said Randles and Schreiber pounded on both Postmus and Aleman, asking them leading questions until they elicited the preordained responses they were seeking.
Another sign that the prosecution was political, Maline said, was the manner in which the investigators and eventually the prosecution team utilized deputy county counsel Mitch Norton, who was involved in the Colonies litigation from the beginning until the end. Norton from 2002 until 2006 contended that the Colonies Partners were seeking compensation in the company's lawsuit that was excessive but later asserted the settlement was a just one, Maline said.
Maline charged San Bernardino County District Attorney with engaging in a political prosecution.
"District attorney is a political office," Maline said. "We will show this was a political decision to prosecute even though there was overwhelming evidence of innocence. This will be shown by the bizarre way the investigators went about not looking for the truth but for a predetermined outcome. Any responsible law enforcement agency would have walked away from this case. We're here because the elected district attorney of this county made a political decision to go after four innocent men for his own personal agenda when he announced the indictment with great fanfare on television."
At that point, Maline, who was using a projector to display graphics to the jury, had a slide which stated that Ramos and Erwin had once been friends and that Erwin once supported Ramos politically, that Erwin supported Neil Derry, who successfully ran for Third District supervisor in 2008 and that Ramos did not support Derry. On the same slide there was a graphic showing political consultant David Ellis, who had worked on Ramos's campaigns, as an intermediary between Ramos and Erwin. As Maline began to further expound on the political implication of the one-time Erwin-Ramos alliance, Cope objected, and there followed a several minute side-bar conference at the bench with Judge Michael A. Smith, Cope and all of the defense attorneys present. Following that conference with Smith, who on Wednesday had deferred a ruling on a request by the prosecution to quash a defense subpoena for Ramos to testify, Maline concluded his opening statement without any elaboration or elucidation of the Erwin/Ellis/Ramos connection. He instead alerted the jury to a political contribution disclosure statement, Form 700, that would be the subject of examination during the trial. Maline detailed and listed the items that were allegedly not disclosed which the prosecution, he said wrongfully concluded was evidence of a cover-up of payoffs from Burum. Maline told the jury that there was nothing wrong with political contributions and that the trip was made partly to smooth relationships after the settlement battle. Maline's explanation was that Erwin, who considered Ramos a friend, had sought the district attorney's advice as to how to report. Instead, with the implication that Ramos was disgruntled with Erwin for being in league with Derry and because Ramos was politically motivated to obtain a conviction in a highly publicized case, Maline said, Ramos and the district attorney's office, for politically motivated reasons, chose to torturously mischaracterize the incomplete Form 700 as evidence of the crimes they were wrongfully accusing Erwin of engaging in.
Maline ended the statement by asking the jury to find his client, Jim Erwin, innocent of the charges against him.


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Handy Chopper Blade for Choppersand Mixers
Chop all types of vegetables and fruits with ease: The Bladeis an excellent solution to all of your fruit and vegetable chopping needs for chopper. Featuring three sharp and durable stainless steel blades and a unique string design, this manual chopper chops and cuts vegetables in a hassle-free manner with minimal effort.
Features :
- Made from high quality 100% food grade Plastic that is BPA free
- Perfect for cutting onions, garlic, tomatoes, vegetables, salads, herbs, fruits, boneless meat, nuts and more in seconds
- The chopper has 2 blades that cut through vegetables easily. The number of pulls determine the size of the cuts
- Imported spring action mechanism that allows easy pulling and lasts long
Physical Dimension
Volu. Weight (Gm) :- 26
Product Weight (Gm) :- 7
Ship Weight (Gm) :- 26
Length (Cm) :- 8
Breadth (Cm) :- 2
Height (Cm) :- 5


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Schmittenhof hotel is a 4-star hotel at the bottom of the Schmittenhöhe, directly next to the slopes and only 200 meters away from the cable cars. All rooms offer a furnished balcony or terrace with view in the direction of the lake or the mountains. The bright and elegant non-smocking rooms feature a flat-cable-TV, a safe and area-wide WiFi. The hotel Der Schmittenhof has a Mediterranean wellness area with different saunas and a steam bath. In the restaurant you can enjoy international Food, Austrian specialities and selected wines.
Discounted admission fee to TAUERN SPA
When booking this accommodation, you benefit from a reduced entrance fee to the TAUERN SPA. In addition, entry is guaranteed, regardless of occupancy. For more information, please contact your landlord directly.
Your Benefits
- Summer Card included
- Reduced admission fee to TAUERN SPA
- right on the slope, on the hiking trail
- Car parking lot
- Perfect for families
- Wellness
CHECK AVAILABILITY Select date of travel
Arrival & Contact
Zillner Hotel GmbH
Schmittenstraße 109, 5700 Zell am See, Austria


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2023 Sleep Symposium: Sleep Across the Life Cycle: Implications for Health & Treatment Considerations – 5th Annual (Videos)
Course Format:
Format : 10 MP4 files
File Size : 3.5 GB
Course Overview – Topics/Speakers:
The goal of this symposium is to expose health professionals and scientists with up-to-date information on the relation between sleep health and infectious diseases and the immune system.
Learning Objectives
At the completion of this course, participants will be able to discuss, identify, and explore aspects of sleep and cardiovascular disease throughout the life course. Participants will gain knowledge of this topic in healthy conditions and disease states. Our goals are to provide cutting-edge information and research findings to clinicians and scientists at all stages of their career and with diverse background and expertise; to create an interactive setting via discussions with each speaker and program director in which attendees can meet and learn from program faculty; and to discuss sleep's role in the immune system in individuals in all stages of life.
Target Audience
The course targets health professionals in the broad fields of primary care, pediatrics, geriatrics, neurology, psychology, psychiatry, and cardiology, as well as scientists working in the fields of sleep and brain health. This course is open to medical doctors, researchers, nurses, physician assistants, fellows.
you will receive download link of the course, the link will NOT expire and can be used anytime


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To see if this custom-fit item will work for you please tell us what vehicle you'll use it with.
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Install your Redarc Tow-Pro electronic brake controller (sold separately) quickly and easily with this custom wiring adapter. Plug one end of the adapter into your Tow-Pro brake controller and plug the other end in beneath your 's dash.
Videos are provided as a guide only. Refer to manufacturer installation instructions and specs for complete information.
Brad Hello neighbors. It's Brad here at etrailer. And today we're taking a look at the vehicle-specific wiring harness, that will work in conjunction with the Tow-Pro Elite electric trailer brake controller. These harnesses are going to be great to work with your Tow-Pro Elite in a variety of different trucks and SUVs. Now, make sure that you get your vehicle-specific harness. You're going to want to use our fit guide on "etrailer.com", and that's going to make sure that you get the right harness, and that way your install goes nice and easy.
Included in the REDARC kit, you will find this plugin adapter, and this is going to have these spliced ends, and you're gonna have to tie into your brake signal, your brake output, your power output and your ground. Now, if you are pretty handy with electrical, that's awesome. That's great. You can use this. But I'm the kind of person, plug and play in OEM kind of setup or really nice factory one like this.
This is the vehicle-specific harness. So this ties in directly to our factory tow system, and clips right in, it's got this nice braided sheathing on it, to kind of protect the wires, and then it plugs directly into our module here. So, to save yourself a little bit of headache and time, and make the install go that much smoother, and not have to worry about loose connections, I highly recommend getting the vehicle-specific harness. So this end of the plug is specific to your vehicle. As you can tell, it looks like the factory plug, it fits in perfect, has the locking mechanism, so you aren't gonna have to worry about loose connections happening with your plug, and it's going to make install a lot easier.
And that was a look at the vehicle-specific harness for the Tow-Pro Elite electric trailer brake controller..
Average Customer Rating: 4.8 out of 5 stars (420 Customer Reviews)
Install your Redarc Tow-Pro electronic brake controller (sold separately) quickly and easily with this custom wiring adapter. Plug one end of the adapter into your Tow-Pro brake controller and plug the other end in beneath your vehicle's dash.These panels with the Redarc brake controller provide a factory install appearance in your truck. Excellent product.
Excellent controller and still working extremely well.
Perfect fit for my 2022 Tacoma! Plug and play as advertised. The video instructions made it self-explanatory. The Redarc controller worked the first time and has performed perfectly ever since (pulling my Winnegbago Micro-mini). etrailer is my go-to place for all my trailer accessories.
It makes everything work, what more do you need in a wiring harness!
Perfect fitment for my Tacoma. Cables are long enough to give flexibility in mounting location without adding unnecessary bulk to the area under the dash.
Worked great on my '22 Tacoma! No issues, plug and play.
Harness made install quick. Tacoma's trailer harness is behind the driver's side kick panel. No tools required to pop the kick panel off just pull carefully. Trailer connection is all the way back against the firewall behind some other wires. There is a grounding screw about 6-8" in front of the harness connection on the exterior wall.
This wiring harness worked great on my 2020 Toyota Tacoma. Made the installation of my redarc tow-pro elite so easy.
Rob helped me order all the items necessary to get a electronic brake controller installed on my 2017 Tacoma. Installation was easy and looks professionally installed. Great service! etrailer has always been great to work with. Online videos are very helpful.
This made the installation of my Redarc Tow-Pro Brake Controller a breeze!
Good quality harness, fits easily and perfectly between my 2015 Toyota Tundra and the brake module.
If you are considering a Redarc brake controller, and you have a 3rd generation Tacoma, getting this harness is a no-brainer, since your truck is already wired for it.
Goes with the other half of my order - easy install, easy to underatand instructions, great product - works as it should!!
The brake controller was not difficult to install.
I like the fact of controller is in dash area of vehicle with just one control knob shown. Shipping was fast and all items are as described.
Thank you
Excellent fit for the Redarc controller and direct plug in for a Tacoma.
Lawrence W.
Works excellent.
Appears as advertised. My install has been delayed due to snow. I'll update later.
I installed this brake controller on a 2022 Tacoma V6 4X4 Off Road. The Redarc unit arrived and was well packaged. The installation was simple and the instructions were clear and straightforward. The unit blends into the dash and appears as a stock component. I have used this controller while hauling nearly a ton of construction materials on several occasions. It has really worked well for me. I can recommend this controller.
A must have,plug and play,makes installation a breeze
Excellent, just like oem equipment. Easy installation and looks factory,cant ask for more.
Easy installation. The best looking installation of an electric brake controller!!
It's exactly what I needed. It allowed me to connect my Redarc controller to my new pickup without needing to purchase a new controller. So far it has been working perfectly. The documentation that came with the cable was a little confusing. A technician took the time to call me back and explain where to find the correct connector on my pickup to plug the cable into. What a fantastic team. Every time I deal with them, they are so helpful, professional, and an absolute pleasure to work with!
This item fit my 2022 Tacoma perfectly! Just installed the Redarc Tow Pro yesterday watching [online videos] and this is the wiring harness you will need to get the job done.
Installation was fairly easy. Finding a good place to locate the controller a little more difficult. The mounting panel is seamless and looks like original equipment. Unfortunately, I never bought a trailer, so I haven't had the opportunity to use it yet.
Needed for Tacoma 2017
Petfect fit in Tacoma 2022
This fits the custiom wire connector on my Tacoma 2022. Therefore no wire to cut and no chance of voiding waranty. Ferfect fit on first attempt.
1 year on my Tacoma 2022. Never got any issue. Buy with confidence. Installed on the left side. If harness was longer, I would have installed it on the right side.
Easy install
Plug & play. Easy peasy.
Used on 2023 Tacoma
This was very easy to put in. I did a bit of custom cutting in one of my blank spots and It really blends into the dash. Works great. I don't think I would ever use the big bulky block style break controllers again
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Trust us, there is no better way to celebrate your mother's love and dedication than to buy her a bag for Mother's Day. As moms, we're going to help you in that endeavor by offering a very special discount code, for 50% OFF Snob Essentials bags, good for today only (it expires on May 5th at midnight EST). That's how much we love moms! Maybe yours is an Aliza ($49, from $98), or better yet for your wallet, an Anara ($34, from $98). You know her best, so pick out a piece she'll love, and then just use the code lovemom at checkout. Happy shopping!
So sweet of you! thank you!


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NewStrategyCenter organized on Thursday, November 24, 2022, the presentation of the results of an opinion poll on economic, social and political developments in the Republic of Moldova, perceptions on the war in Ukraine, relations with Romania, the European Union and the Russian Federation. The data were collected between 30 October and 20 November 2022 in the Republic of Moldova in a national sample.
The survey was conducted by C.B.S-RESEARCH on behalf of the Institute for Development and Social Initiatives – IDIS "Viitorul", in the Republic of Moldova, and the Institute of Political Science and International Relations (ISPRI), in Romania.
Speakers at the event were Mr. Dan Dungaciu, member of the Scientific Council of the New Strategy Center and Director of ISPRI, Romania, Mr Veaceslav Ioniță, from IDIS "Viitorul", Republic of Moldova and Mr Ion Jigău, Director of the Sociological Research Company C.B.S.-RESEARCH, Republic of Moldova.


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Arisukwu, Ogadimma C. and Nweke, Joshua and Asamu, Festus Western Democracy and the Dilemma of Nation Building in Africa, the Nigerian Experience (1999-2007). The International Journal Of Humanities & Social Studies.
Western Democracy and the Dilemma of Nation Building in Africa,.pdf Download (107kB) | Preview |
Nigeria witnessed a transition from military to civilian rule in 1999 with a practice of western democracy modeled after that of America. Although Nigeria shares a lot in common with America, its constitution is nothing but a military decreed document that is yet to be reviewed after two tenures of democratic rule. The model chosen has its own fundamental principles and characteristics that serve as a guide. Glances at the Obasanjo's administration in the first and second term indicate that Nigeria is just evolving and that most of these principles are still being abused. The dilemma of building a nation such as Nigeria is a major issue considering the historical antecedents of different ethnic groups in the country. Having experienced a long military rule with a transformed military man under the democratic regime is a major food for thought. The pluralist idea of what democracy means provides a kind of explanation for the ongoing political scenario in Nigeria. The idea of representative government has since been overlooked and has created a form of political apathy in the nation. Although the government is striving to consolidate on the country's "unity in diversity" Nigeria still remains a piece of a whole, which is being kept together by force. Individual interest is now the main thing as against the interest of the majority. Power has long ceased to belong to the electorate. The democracy practiced in Nigeria during the period under review is tending towards dictatorship.
Item Type: | Article |
Subjects: | H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) |
Depositing User: | FOLUKE DADA |
Date Deposited: | 20 Sep 2018 17:14 |
Last Modified: | 10 Apr 2019 09:11 |
URI: | https://eprints.lmu.edu.ng/id/eprint/1294 |
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Flowy Tank with printed slogan
Go with the flow in this go-to tank, made from an exceptionally soft poly-viscose blend, in a flattering draped silhouette, round neck and racerback.
· Merrowed bottom hem
· Sheering at racerback seam
· Easy, relaxed fit
Fabric Type: 65% Polyester, 35% Viscose.
Available slogans (please select your option when prompted):
1. "I'll be at the barre"
2. "Happy hour at the barre"
3. "Eat Sleep BARRE Repeat"


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Good hair care is actually a general expression for health and cosmetology associated with the hair that thrives in the human being travel, for example the curly hair that could be over the confront, around the anywhere else, back again, upper body and shoulder blades. Depending on the physiological and national features of your person's locks, and also individual preferences, hair care strategies vary. In general, hair care requires day-to-day using of hair care merchandise including hair shampoo and conditioner. There are many good hair care products and solutions available in the market including frizzy hair vitamins and minerals and pure organic good hair care remedies. The utilization of good hair care goods, hair shampoos and conditioners, is normally suitable for healthy and balanced and good-looking head of hair that could be free of any scalp difficulties.
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People's hair care behavior incorporate conditioning, styling, purifying and shading. Purifying cleans away all dirt, surplus and debris gas coming from the scalp and hair. Conditioning aids locks grow by using moisturizers and all natural skin oils to it. Design by using specific instruments aids you to afford the your hair a nutritious start looking.
Clarifying shampoo or conditioner can be useful for trying to keep frizzy and unruly locks apart. It also cleans away oily remains through the frizzy hair and scalp. In the event the hair is preserved chemically addressed, the hair ends up being free of moisture, breakable and easily broken. Clarifying shampoos could be used to regain the original healthful look with the head of hair by removing the frizzy, unruly locks.
Some individuals suffer from dried out your hair, which leads to the hair getting lifeless and boring. Too much dry skin may be the consequence of dry scalp, when there is not sufficient oils within the your hair or perhaps in the head region. A shampoo or conditioner made for dry out frizzy hair will add moisture content from the frizzy hair shaft. Shampoos specially designed for dry up situations are you can buy. It could possibly be recommended that you employ a conditioner designed for dried up your hair to give your hair additional dampness.
Utilizing a styling instrument much like a blow clothes dryer, curling steel or smooth iron over the locks could lead to destruction. Blow drying out may well leave a residue associated with in the curly hair which can cause the drying of the locks, contributing to your hair damage. Frizzy hair which has been styled making use of these systems is quite likely going to become dry up and frizzy than other sorts of curly hair. We have a higher chance of the item developing on the curly hair and wrecking it in case the stylist relies on a styling resource while not putting on a conditioner. The easiest way to prevent this is to clean your hair consistently by using a normal conditioner as well as to use design applications provided that necessary.
A curly hair mist is often a style item that presents water into the locks and helps prevent your hair from drying out out. Furthermore, it eliminates the surplus engine oil from the head and your hair. The hair apply can be utilized on wet hair, since it delivers added water that can not block the follicles. It is advisable to work with a head of hair squirt on wet head of hair prior to using a design product or service or even to utilize it through the night before you go to sleep.
High temperature security sprays are used to maintain the head of hair nutritious as well as to cut down the prospect of breakage. Right before styling to make the strands maximum wetness, high temperature security aerosols are often placed on wet head of hair. It inhibits the sun rays from the sun from penetrating the strands and harmful them. If you are intending to move out in the sunshine for too long intervals, warmth defense sprays are a good preference. They might be placed just before employing a shampoo and conditioning treatment method.
For those who have naturally wild hair, you should eliminate too much frizz and original appeal, by using appropriate good hair care techniques. Should the your hair styles are direct, wavy hair will probably have curl extensions, but they may ultimately straighten. The reason being the natural moisture and suppleness with the locks shaft cannot be retained in wavy hair. Regular oiling and your hair scrubbing might help secure the organic water and power from the hair shaft.
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Two years since it's doors last opened to the public, the Museum of The Royal Regiment of Scotland has welcomed visitors back this month.
The Museum, based in Edinburgh Castle, closed in 2020 as part of the national lockdown and has suffered subsequent delays to reopening due to ongoing building repair works. Telling the story of The SCOTS from formation in 2006 to present day, it now boasts a new, modern look following refurbishment during the extended period of closure.
New displays reflect on the impact of The SCOTS' longest operational campaign, in Afghanistan, following withdrawal from the region in 2021 after almost 20 years. Highlighting the key qualities of education, innovation, leadership and resilience, each story reminds visitors of the people behind the objects. The recently acquired 'Shoulder to Shoulder' painting by British war artist Arabella Dorman takes centre stage, set beside a dedicated memorial space holding items on loan to the Museum from families of fallen SCOTS.
A Military Cross medal group, a pair of life-saving gloves and a Fijian 'tabua' necklace are among other collection pieces making their debut as the Museum sees its regular exhibition space increase by more than three times its previous size. It also sees the introduction of a seasonal display which will regularly alternate to feature special items and temporary exhibitions. To celebrate the return of the Edinburgh Military Tattoo this year, the first display celebrates the Regiment's rich musical heritage.
The Museum is grateful for the support of the Regimental Trust and Army Museums Ogilby Trust, without whom the refurbishment work would not have been possible.
The Museum of The Royal Regiment of Scotland is co-located with The Royal Scots' Regimental Museum in Edinburgh Castle, open daily from 9.30am-4.30pm. Due to the size of our small team these hours may be subject to change at short notice. We recommend following our social media channels for up-to-date news and opening information. Serving and ex-members of the Regiment are encouraged to get in touch with the Curator to arrange a visit or view objects of interest not currently on display.