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Document 52019IE0936
Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on 'Listening to the citizens of Europe for a sustainable future (Sibiu and beyond)'
Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on 'Listening to the citizens of Europe for a sustainable future (Sibiu and beyond)'
Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on 'Listening to the citizens of Europe for a sustainable future (Sibiu and beyond)'
OJ C 228, 5.7.2019, p. 37–49
5.7.2019 |
Official Journal of the European Union |
Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on 'Listening to the citizens of Europe for a sustainable future (Sibiu and beyond)'
Rapporteurs: Vladimíra DRBALOVÁ
Peter SCHMIDT
Yves SOMVILLE
Bureau decision |
16.10.2018 |
Legal basis |
Rule 29(2) of the Rules of Procedure |
Adopted at plenary |
20.3.2019 |
Plenary session No |
542 |
Outcome of vote (for/against/abstentions) |
217/6/8 |
Listening to the citizens of Europe for a sustainable future
1. Introduction
1.1. |
The EESC is a bridge between the EU institutions and its citizens, through the diversity of its members, and as such would like to propose its ambitious vision for the future, with Europe becoming the global leader on sustainable development. |
1.2. |
The foundation of the European Union is one of the most successful peace, social and economic projects in European history. Our Europe was founded on the values of respect for human dignity, freedom, non-discrimination, tolerance, justice, solidarity and equality between women and men, democracy, the rule of law and respect for human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities (1). These values must continue to be at the heart of the EU's future development and policies. |
1.3. |
Seven decades of peace and stability in Europe is a historic and exceptional achievement. The European project and the construction of the European Union, which have created a union among the peoples of Europe and, step by step, tied European States together with a common purpose, have made this possible. This explains why the EU is still an attractive project for candidate countries and for countries participating in the EU neighbourhood policy. However, Europe must be prepared to face new geopolitical developments. The EESC should play a role in raising awareness of the fact that peace cannot be taken for granted forever. |
1.4. |
The single market in all its economic, social and environmental dimensions is at the core of European integration. Therefore it should be able to generate sustainable growth and innovation, attract investment and foster the sustainable competitiveness of its companies in globalised markets. However, it is also important to recognise that the positive impact of the single market has not spread evenly and that not all citizens are in a position to benefit from its wealth. |
1.5. |
Sustainable growth means that growth should be based not only on quantity but also — in fact even more — on quality, which means (i) no exploitation of the environment or of labour, (ii) fair living conditions, (iii) economic growth measured not only by annual flow, but also by stocks of wealth and their distribution, (iv) meeting the needs of all within the means of the planet, (v) developing economies that allow us to thrive, regardless of whether or not they grow, and (vi) a closed flow of income cycling between households, businesses, banks, government and trade, operating in a social and ecological way. Energy, materials, the natural world, human society, power, and the wealth we hold in common: all are missing from the current model. The unpaid work of carers — principally women — is ignored, though no economy could function without them (2). |
1.6. |
Sustainable competitiveness, meanwhile, is a model that balances economic prosperity, environmental issues and social inclusiveness. In this context, the sustainability-adjusted global competitiveness index needs to take into consideration two new dimensions — environmental and social (3). |
1.7. |
The four freedoms, namely the freedom of movement of products, citizens, services and capital, which together enable trade and economic development, employment, creativity and innovation, exchange of skills and development of infrastructure in remote areas, are the essence of Europe. Well-functioning economic freedoms and competition rules go hand in hand with fundamental social rights, but should not undermine them. |
1.8. |
Nevertheless, the EU is still facing exceptional internal and external economic, social, environmental and political challenges (4) that threaten its existence: protectionism in the single market, social inequalities, populism, nationalism and extremism (5), as well as major shifts on the geopolitical scene and major technological changes. |
1.9. |
The faster-changing climate, collapsing biodiversity, other environmental risks and the collective failure to deliver successful policies are also a vital threat to Europe's population, economy and ecosystems. That is why we need a strong EU strategy for the implementation of the UN Agenda 2030. More equal societies have a better environmental record and a greater ability to become increasingly sustainable. |
1.10. |
There is a clear need to address the demand for quality jobs on the part of citizens all over Europe, especially in regions with high unemployment, in particular youth unemployment, or facing structural changes. This places an obligation on all — institutions, governments, social partners and other civil society organisations — to redefine a sustainable Europe to foster quality job creation. |
1.11. |
There is an urgent need to enhance access to the labour markets through a correlation between quality job creation and an enhanced education system to create adequate skillsets, for example by means of the dual system. |
1.12. |
The social and environmental dimensions are intertwined and the economy must be the enabler for social, economic and cultural renewal, not least through the promotion and development of key skills and greater diversification. The UN Agenda 2030 must encourage the private sector to contribute to the achievement of sustainable economic, social and environmental objectives, thereby fostering equitable and sustainable growth of wellbeing for all and the protection of social, human and labour rights (6). |
1.13. |
The cultural dimension, in all its diversity, of the European project also must be fully recognised in all EU policies. This involves understanding and promoting cultural heritage, integrating a cultural and creative dimension in education and supporting contemporary creation as a driver for cohesion and development. |
1.14. |
Sustainability is a forward-looking process which must be driven by strong political resolve and the determination to shape a sustainable European Union by shifting our economies towards a resilient and cooperative, resource-efficient, low-carbon and socially inclusive future (7), whereby the behaviours, actions and decisions of governments, companies, workers, citizens and consumers are driven by the realisation of their economic, environmental and social impacts in a responsible manner.
2. Peoples' Europe
2.1. |
In the eyes of European citizens, Europe is perceived as being less and less of a solution, and more and more of a problem. Nationalism and protectionism are current threats. Faced with the loss of identity and values, and having neglected the cultural dimension of the European project, Europe is not managing to find answers that correspond to the level of local and global issues. |
2.2. |
Acknowledging citizens' legitimate concerns and boosting their democratic participation, especially those of young people, are very important. Improving and reforming the existing EU participatory mechanisms and consultation processes is paramount. Youth issues are embedded within the European Pillar of Social Rights, the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals, among others.
3. Social Europe
3.1. |
The European Social Model should provide solid and fair protection for all citizens, while alleviating poverty and providing opportunities for everyone to thrive. Decent incomes should narrow the gap between the wealthy and disadvantaged and ensure quality living. Everyone should benefit from decent work standards, equality, improved wellbeing and decreased health disparities within and between countries and across generations. Social inclusion and protection, high-quality jobs, gender equality, good quality, affordable and accessible public health and health care, access to affordable and quality housing, environmental justice, high-quality public education and equal access to culture: these must be the main principles driving national and European political agendas.
4. Sustainable Environment
4.1. |
Environmental risks continue to dominate the results of the annual Global Risks Perception Survey (GRPS). This year, they accounted for three of the top five risks by likelihood and four by impact. Extreme weather was the risk of greatest concern, but survey respondents are increasingly worried about environmental policy failure: having fallen in the rankings after Paris, 'failure of climate-change mitigation and adaptation' jumped back up to second place in terms of impact this year (17). |
4.2. |
There will be no life, no jobs and no entrepreneurship on a dead planet. The collapse of biodiversity and climate change therefore mean that it is an absolute prerequisite for the EU to create high-quality jobs (18) and provide a solution beneficial to employers, workers and other representatives of civil society. Delaying adaptation, or not acting at all, could substantially increase the total cost of climate change (19) and its deadly impact on biodiversity, including humanity. |
4.3. |
The draft European Finance-Climate Pact has been in discussion for several years and is still being discussed. This Pact would allow the EU to maintain its leadership in sustainable development and in the fight against climate change (20).
5. European business as a stronger sustainable global leader
5.1. |
Business is an enabler for societal and environmental development, and sustainable competitiveness is a necessary pre-condition for companies to play their role in society. Companies are increasingly operating in a sustainable way, based on their own specific circumstances and resources and in collaboration with their stakeholders, to monitor, assess and report on the social, environmental, consumer protection and human rights impacts of their business operations. Europe therefore needs to take an approach in its policies that is in line with its ambition of becoming the global leader in sustainable development. There are already frontrunners among companies in Europe, but they have to be more ambitious and spread this sustainable mind-set across value chains, giving particular encouragement to SMEs. |
5.2. |
A multitude of new models are transforming the relationship between producers, distributors and consumers. Some of these new models (such as the functional economy, the sharing economy and responsible finance) seek to address other key challenges for people and the planet that are crucial for sustainable development, such as social justice, participatory governance and the conservation of resources and natural capital.
6. Free and Fair Trade
6.1. |
EU trade policy is a key factor that applies to the EU as a whole and indeed unites all its Member States. Trade policy has helped the EU to increase its prosperity through commercial exchanges with a wide range of partners. Today the EU is a leading force in world trade, with more than 30 million jobs linked to international commerce (25), a major role in the trade of services and significant trade surpluses in goods, for example with the USA (more than EUR 107,9 billion for the first 11 months of 2018). At the same time, the EU embodies and promotes, through trade, the values of social inclusion and environmental protection that are essential to shaping sustainable globalisation — in other words, a form of globalisation that will benefit not only large companies and investors, but also ordinary people, workers, farmers, consumers and SMEs. |
6.2. |
The EU aims to promote — multilaterally, bilaterally and unilaterally — a vision of trade policy that combines the traditional mercantilist approach to market access (tariffs and non-tariffs) with sustainable development goals in line with the fight against climate change. |
6.3. |
EU trade policy has strengthened the role of civil society during both the negotiation phase and the implementation phase thanks to the contributions of the Domestic Advisory Groups. The EESC supports the professionalisation of all organisations that enable citizens to have more say in determining the content of trade agreements and more control over trade partners' compliance with 'qualitative' commitments and standards (26).
7. Public goods and services
7.1. |
According to Principle 20 of the European Pillar of Social Rights, 'Everyone has the right to access essential services of good quality, including water, sanitation, energy, transport, financial services and digital communications' (28). These services cannot operate only according to common competition and market rules: specific rules are essential to ensure that every citizen has affordable access to these services, which are considered essential and are recognised as common values of the Union (29).
8. Fair taxation
8.1. |
Tax policy in the EU has two components: direct taxation, which remains the sole responsibility of the Member States, and indirect taxation, which affects free movement of goods and the freedom to provide services in the single market. With regard to direct taxation, the EU has nevertheless established some harmonised standards for company and personal taxation, whilst Member States have taken joint measures to prevent tax avoidance and double taxation. Nevertheless, the EU must continue to promote a fair tax system that requires individuals and legal entities to pay tax on their income and profits proportionally. Concerning indirect taxation, the EU coordinates and harmonises law on value-added tax (VAT) and excise duties. It ensures that competition in the internal market is not distorted by variations in indirect taxation rates and by systems giving businesses in one country an unfair advantage over others. |
8.2. |
Lack of transparency, discrimination, distortion of competition and harmful tax practices increase economic inequalities and reduce investments and jobs, leading to social dissatisfaction, mistrust and a democratic deficit. This is why a fair EU taxation policy should be implemented in keeping, and not in contradiction, with the overarching strategy of sustainability in order to promote economic and social convergence, social cohesion and investment in sustainable development.
9. Governance
9.1. |
Driving the transformation towards sustainable development requires a new governance approach and new rules and instruments, when defining and implementing EU policies. Sustainable development requires a holistic and cross-sector policy approach to ensure that economic, social and environmental challenges are addressed together.
10. A comprehensive approach to migration policy
10.1. |
The debate on the future of a sustainable Europe cannot ignore Europe's approach to migration. Demographic developments show that Europe will need migrants, their talent, skills and entrepreneurial potential. There is an urgent need to change the narrative and policies on migration based on closer cooperation with third countries, to ensure a rational debate on the basis of facts. Refugees and migrants should be seen not as a threat but as an opportunity for Europe's economic and social model (37). For this we need a comprehensive approach and strategy for migration.
11. The EU Budget
11.1. |
The EESC recognises the high European added value of the programmes where the Commission's proposals for the Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF) 2021-2027 concentrate the main increases in expenditure (R+D+I, Erasmus+). However, the Committee questions the fact that these increases are made at the cost of substantial cuts to the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), to cohesion policy and to the common agricultural policy (CAP), due to efforts to reduce the EU budget, which decreases from 1,16 % of the gross national income (GNI) of the EU-27 in the current budget, to only 1,11 % in the MFF post 2020. |
11.2. |
The EESC questions the proposed cuts in planned commitments for the CAP. These cuts will make it impossible to implement a model of sustainable rural development, a global objective of the new reform of the CAP, and other objectives included in the Commission's recent communication on the future of food and agriculture. |
11.3. |
Unfortunately, the Commission's proposal seems excessively geared towards preserving the status quo, and the EESC regrets the mismatch between the nature and scale of the new challenges facing the EU, and its ambitions, and the resources available to achieve them. |
11.4. |
People's distrust of national and European democratic institutions is leading to the rise of political movements that question democratic values and principles and the EU itself. Some of these political movements are now part of some EU Member States' governments.
12. Communication
12.1. |
Even the most ambitious political concepts and programmes at EU level will not contribute to overcoming the existing gap between the Union and its citizens if they are not adequately communicated. |
12.2. |
This mismatch between initiatives, activities and decisions at EU level and their perception by its citizens leads to a vicious circle of uninformed or ill-informed citizens, with the consequence that populism is increasing in most of the Member States. At the same time, we are observing the emergence of anti-Europe sentiment on the part of some sectors of the population, something which undermines the continuing work on building the European project. |
12.3. |
Therefore, a comprehensive common communication strategy for all EU institutions, at all levels, including all civil society players, is urgently needed in order to combat this lack of information, as well as deliberately misleading information. |
12.4. |
An effective communication policy has to take the form of a real dialogue between those who provide the information and those who receive this information, to avoid a top-down approach. |
12.5. |
Substantial, credible and lively information on European topics helps to create awareness and to generate interest in European matters. |
12.6. |
The EESC, as a bridge between EU and its citizens and through its 350 members, should serve as a facilitator for such coordinated measures. The diversity of the EESC's members is a major advantage in terms of getting into contact with a maximum of citizens everywhere in Europe. In particular, more attention should be paid to youth.
Brussels, 20 March 2019.
The President
of the European Economic and Social Committee
Luca JAHIER
(1) Treaty on the European Union, Article 2.
(2) This definition of sustainable growth comes from Kate Raworth, of Oxford University's Environmental Change Institute, and her concept of 'doughnut economics', a breakthrough alternative to growth economics, and the new sustainable economic model for the 21st century that could help end inequality — https://www.kateraworth.com/doughnut/
(3) This definition is based on the work of Sten Thore and Ruzanna Tarverdyan on sustainable competitiveness: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162516000664?via%3Dihub
(4) EESC Opinion of 18 October 2017 on 'The transition towards a more sustainable European future' (OJ C 81, 2.3.2018, p. 44).
(5) European Parliament Resolution of 25 October 2018 on 'The rise of neo-fascist violence in Europe'.
(6) EESC Opinion of 7 December 2017 on 'The core role of trade and investment in meeting and implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)' (OJ C 129, 11.4.2018, p. 27).
(7) EESC Opinion of 21 September 2016 on 'Sustainable development: a mapping of the EU's internal and external policies' (OJ C 487, 28.12.2016, p. 41).
(8) EESC Opinion of 14 November 2012 on Principles, procedures and action for the implementation of Articles 11(1) and 11(2) of the Lisbon Treaty (OJ C 11, 15.1.2013, p. 8).
(9) EESC Opinion of 13 July 2016 on The European Citizens' Initiative (review) (OJ C 389, 21.10.2016, p. 35).
(10) Resolution of the Council and of the Representatives of the Governments of the Member States, meeting within the Council, on a European Union Work Plan for Youth for 2016-2018
Eurochild Child Participation Strategy of 5 April 2017
The UN Programme on Youth — Youth Participation in Development — Summary Guidelines for Development Partners.
(11) EESC Opinion of 18 October 2018 on the Communication from the Commission Engaging, connecting and empowering young people: a new EU Youth Strategy (OJ C 62, 15.2.2019, p. 142).
(12) EESC Opinion of 17 September 2015 on Improving the Lisbon Treaty (OJ C 13, 15.1.2016, p. 183).
(13) EESC Resolution of 5 July 2017 on the Commission's White Paper on the Future of Europe and beyond (OJ C 345, 13.10.2017, p. 11).
(14) ILO Global Commission on the Future of Work — Work for a brighter future of 22 January 2019.
(15) EESC Opinion of 20 February 2019 on the communication from the Commission Annual Growth Survey 2019 — For a stronger Europe in the face of global uncertainty (OJ C 190, 5.6.2019, p. 24).
(16) European Commission Reflection Paper — Towards a Sustainable Europe by 2030, of 30 January 2019.
(17) The Global Risk Report 2019 for the world economic forum — executive summary.
(18) EESC Opinion of 25 January 2017 on the European Pillar of Social Rights (OJ C 125, 21.4.2017, p. 10).
(19) OECD — Report on The economic consequences of Climate Change of 2 September 2016.
(20) EESC Opinion of 17 October 2018 on the European Finance-Climate Pact (OJ C 62, 15.2.2019, p. 8).
(21) EESC Opinion of 2 July 2015 on The Paris Protocol — A blueprint for tackling global climate change beyond 2020 (OJ C 383, 17.11.2015, p. 74).
(22) EESC Opinion of 6 December 2017 on Civil society's contribution to the development of a comprehensive food policy in the EU (OJ C 129, 11.4.2018, p. 18).
(23) EESC Opinion of 27 April 2016 on the Circular Economy Package (OJ C 264, 20.7.2016, p. 98).
(24) Manifesto for a Sustainable Europe for its Citizens of 28 September 2018.
(25) Communication from the Commission of 14 October 2015 on Trade for All.
(26) EESC Opinion of 23 January 2019 on The role of Domestic Advisory Groups in monitoring the implementation of Free Trade Agreements (OJ C 159, 10.5.2019, p. 28).
(27) EESC Opinion of 23 January 2019 on Reforming the WTO to adapt to developments in world trade (OJ C 159, 10.5.2019, p. 15).
(28) These services, which the Commission describes as 'essential services', and whose 20th principle does not provide an exhaustive list, fall under 'services of general interest' subject to public service obligations. The notion of 'essential services' does not exist in EU law, which deals only with public services (transport) and services of general interest (economic, non-economic).
(29) The EESC is currently drafting an own-initiative opinion For a better implementation of the Social Pillar, promoting essential services within the framework of the EESC contribution for the Sibiu Summit and beyond.
(30) EESC Opinion of 17 October 2018 on the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the European Social Fund Plus (ESF+) (OJ C 62, 15.2.2019, p. 165).
(31) EESC Opinion of 20 September 2017 on A favourable tax system for fair competition and growth (OJ C 434, 15.12.2017, p. 18).
(32) See footnote 31.
(33) EESC Opinion of 20 September 2017 on a Common (Consolidated) Corporate Tax Base (OJ C 434, 15.12.2017, p. 58).
(34) EESC Opinion of 12 July 2018 on The taxation of profits of multinationals in the digital economy (OJ C 367, 10.10.2018, p. 73).
(35) See footnote 22.
(36) EESC Opinion of 7 December 2017 on the Advantages of the Community-led Local Development (CLLD) approach for integrated local and rural development (OJ C 129, 11.4.2018, p. 36).
(37) EESC Opinion of 12 December 2018 on The costs of non-immigration and non-integration (OJ C 110, 22.3.2019, p. 1).
(38) Final report and recommendations of the High Level Group on Own Resources on the Future financing of the EU — December 2016.
(39) EESC Opinion of 19 September 2018 on the Multiannual financial framework for the years 2021 to 2027 (OJ C 440, 6.12.2018, p. 106).
The following amendments, which received at least a quarter of the votes cast, were rejected during the discussions (Rule 59(4) of the Rules of Procedure):
a) Point 1.5
Amend as follows:
Sustainable growth means that growth should be based not only on quantity but also — in fact even more — on quality, which means (i) no exploitation of the environment or of labour, (ii) fair living conditions, (iii) economic growth measured not only by annual flow, but also by stocks of wealth and their distribution, (iv) meeting the needs of all within the means of the planet, (v) developing economies that allow us to thrive, regardless of whether or not they grow, and (vi) a closed flow of income cycling between households, businesses, banks, government and trade, operating in a social and ecological way. Energy, materials, the natural world, human society, power, and the wealth we hold in common: all are missing from the current model. The unpaid work of carers — principally women — is ignored, though no economy could function without them. The concept of sustainable growth refers to growth that recognises not only economic but also social and environmental considerations. Different kinds of economic models have been presented in recent years, for example the 'doughnut economics' which aims at meeting the essential needs of all (based on 12 'social foundations') within the means of the planet (defined by 9 'planetary boundaries') Correspondingly, proposals have been made to measure growth with indicators going 'beyond GDP'.
The objective is to clarify the fact the fact that the deleted text is not a commonly adopted definition of sustainable growth but refers to the economic model presented by Kate Raworth mentioned in the footnote. In fact, the text does not describe the core idea of this 'Doughnut' model either but mingles prerequisites, features, implications and measurement aspects related to it.
Result of the vote:
For |
: |
75 |
Against |
: |
132 |
Abstentions |
: |
11 |
b) Point 1.6
Amend as follows:
The concept of sustainable competitiveness, meanwhile, refers to is a model that balances economic prosperity, environmental issues and social inclusiveness. In this context,This is reflected e.g. in the sustainability-adjusted global competitiveness index by WEF.needs to take into consideration two new dimensions — environmental and social
The sustainability-adjusted competitiveness index specifically takes into consideration environmental and social dimensions.
Result of the vote:
For |
: |
64 |
Against |
: |
147 |
Abstentions |
: |
13 |
c) Box 1 (after point 1.14), 2nd bullet
Amend as follows:
Competitiveness and sustainability are not in opposition as long as social and environmental aspects are part and parcel of the valuation of products and services in the markets.definition of competitiveness. Competitiveness must not be defined only by quantity and pricing but preferably by also taking into account European values, quality and sustainability.
Competitiveness in the markets is not determined by definitions.
Result of the vote:
For |
: |
66 |
Against |
: |
148 |
Abstentions |
: |
9 |
d) Box 1 (after point 1.14), 5th bullet
Amend as follows:
European companies, workers, consumers and the whole civil society need to fulfil their role and their responsibilities and act as leaders in the eyes of the rest of the world with respect to sustainability.if the competitiveness and economic sustainability of our European system is redefined in respect of our one and only planet's boundaries.
All civil society actors need to fulfil their roles and responsibilities. This holds true irrespective of definitions.
Result of the vote:
For |
: |
56 |
Against |
: |
138 |
Abstentions |
: |
9 |


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City of Big Spring offices will be closed on Thursday, November 25th and Friday, November 26th in observance of the Thanksgiving holiday. There will be no sanitation pickup on Thursday, November 25th. Thursday's normal sanitation routes will be picked up on Wednesday, November 24th. There will be no change to Friday's sanitation pickup. Sanitation pickup on Friday, November 26th will proceed as usual.
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Emergency services (Police, Fire, and EMS) will continue normal operations during the holiday. The Emergency Utilities Department will also be available and can be reached by calling 432-264-2392.
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Samsung Display (SD) had lots to show us, but also lots of "no photos" signs and staff were keen to really limit what we snapped. That was a disappointment, so we'll have to stick to, mainly, words.
The first displays we looked at were a highlight in the middle of the suite. Four 55″ transparent OLEDs with FullHD had been made into a video wall configuration with UltraHD overall resolution. Bezel gaps were 3.5mm, but the really surprising thing was the transparency, which was quoted at 30%, with a target of 50% shortly. Transparent LCDs tend to have de-saturated colours, as they have thinner filters to improve transmissivity. However, the OLEDs are quoted as supporting 97% of AdobeRGB, so have wide colour gamut. Brightness is quoted at 150 cd/m², with peak brightness of 1,000 cd/m². Later, the company wants to boost resolution to support UltraHD and develop a "mirror style" version.
Samsung Display has been promoting curved displays heavily. Samsung's TV division, as a consequence of its very tight vertical integration, has a real competitive advantage in curved LCD. While in 2014, Samsung Display was offering curved LCD in UltraHD only, the firm is now extending this to its FullHD TV panels. There is a new pixel structure to improve the performance of curved LCDs.
The UltraHD panels have been improved with new colour performance which is getting to 90% of DCI P3, without QDs. The firm told us that with new red LEDs, 100% of P3 could be achieved. UltraHD panels at 65″ and 78″ will be promoted, with 88″ as a plan. The curve radius stays at 4,000 mm. An 88″ panel is in plan and will have QDs to boost gamut.
There were new UltraHD panels with lower frame rate performance at 40″ and 48″. Last year, all the SD panels with UltraHD had 120Hz refresh, but this year because of demand from China, there will be 60 Hz UltraHD panels. To get power requirements down, transmittance has been increased to 6.6%.
Another trend is to narrower bezels for curved displays and will be down to 5.x mm by Q1 2016. Samsung is developing its integrated gate driver technology, which puts the row driver onto the panel itself. This technology has been on small panels in the past, but now it is being promoted on panels up to 55″ and this will help to make slimmer bezels on the sets.
Samsung promoted its RGBW LCD technology for TV under the "green" banner.
Moving to monitors, we saw the "5K" panel that we saw at CES last year, but which made it into products towards the end of 2014. SD has now got some in-house lamination and bonding facilities and was showing a 27″ PLS panel for monitor use which it described as "full frameless" and which has optical bonding to improve the contrast ratio and minimise the effect of ambient light.
Samsung has curved LCDs for monitors and will tighten the radius to around 1,800 mm by Q3 2015 on the 27″. The current 34″ curved panel has a 3,000 mm radius, while a 2,000 mm radius panel is "under development". Finally, we looked at a new 23.8″ VA panel for monitors. Like other panel makers, SD is keen to move away from TN to VA and PLS for monitors.
Notebook panels remain a good market for SD, and we were shown a "green" 3,200 x 1,800 panel that takes just 4.6W and a 15.6″ UltraHD panel which is already in mass production.
Turning to touch, Samsung was showing its OCTL (On-cell Touch) technology on 13.3″ and 15.6″ FullHD panels which use PLS and have 220 cd/cd/m² brightness and 45% gamut.
Moving down in size, an 8″ OCTL 1280 x 800 display for tablets features 10 finger touch. There were also 8.4″ and 10.5″ 2560 x 1600 panels which are in mass production now. A 14″ panel with 3840 x 2400 (16:10 aspect) will be available in Q3 of this year.
We moved to look at smartphone displays which, these days, are all OLED now. There are a range of panels from 4.7″ to 6″ and we were allowed to take a photograph of a new system that Samsung has developed to show those with good colour vision a simulation of what someone with colour blindness would see. Staff had fun checking this with your reporter, who has some red/green colour blindness. The tests confirmed that the technology worked! (fyi I can clearly see the 18 on the smarphone, but not on the small smartphone image or the background).
Flexible displays were the second star attraction of the show. I wrote an editorial (Samsung Displays Sets the Future for Tablets) in last week's issue.
The flexible product idea that really excited us was a "tri-fold" flexible display that, when folded, was about the size of a large smartphone or phablet, although somewhat thicker. The exciting part is when you unclip the device, it becomes a 10″ tablet. Now, we think that a 10″ tablet that fits in your pocket is something that will really transform the out of home tablet user. I remarked to Samsung that the user is not likely to want to open up the clips to see inside for simple messages, and there was frantic scribbling as we talked about the kind of display that needs to be on the outside. (of course, I was talking to the display team. I'm sure that the Samsung Electronics team has been working on this concept for a long time!).
A second design concept showed a phablet-sized flip phone that folded in half. Unlike previous flip phones, this one had almost all the "inner" surface as a single display.
A third demonstration showed the same display being rolled and unrolled continuously on a 10mm spool. We heard last year that full bend testing had been done for 100,000 bends (hmmm…. by a strange coincidence (?), that's the same number that Cambrios quotes in the testing of its silver nanowire materials!).
The only, slight, downside is that the minimum bend radius is around 10mm, so where there is a bend, the phone tends to be quite thick. The flexible displays are just 0.2 mm thick.
Performance is what you would expect from an OLED, and the basic display was used in the Galaxy Note Edge, so it's good. We were concerned about durability, but the firm told us that it would be as good as the Note Edge.
Finally, we looked at a display for augmented reality displays that has 40% transparency. We commented that this must be difficult, with 4 or 5 transistors per pixel, but staff told us that the current design uses 7!
As well as these segments, SD had a display of automotive panels that it was showing to auto makers, but we couldn't take photos and there was no time for notes in this tour!
Analyst Comment
Samsung told us that the transparent video wall was getting a lot of attention, and I'm not surprised. There are a lot of architects and store designers that would love to have a display that more or less disappears when its not having something displayed, rather than being a "black hole on the wall". At the moment, there is quite a largish border on the top or bottom of the 2 x 2 configuration, but that will, inevitably, shrink.
Given all the negatives about Samsung's problems with making large OLEDs, it was quite surprising that the firm was showing a big OLED. On the other hand, this application is a low volume one that should command a significant price premium – exactly the kind of application that might be useful if you want to limit demand and develop your production process.
It's clear that there is going to be a huge revolution in device form factors, especially wearable technology and in automotive, enabled by the new flexible displays. Exciting times to be in the display business!


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Digital Transformation: Tips for Taking a Proactive Approach
By Leigh Segall, CMO of Smart Communications
For nearly every innovation-centric organization, digital transformation has been a top-trending buzzword and while many get excited about the endless possibilities that come with digital transformation, the process can seem daunting. It's important to understand that digital transformation isn't about demolishing all your current technologies and starting from scratch. Instead, it's a time to reflect on past behaviors and processes. Organizations that get this right not only focus on the construction of a new strategy that responds to ever-changing customer needs; they also build their strategies as continuous journeys and not one-time events. Here are some ways you can take a proactive approach toward digital transformation and help prepare your business for success.
Make a List and Check it Twice
First, you'll want to identify a list of action items to begin your digital transformation journey. Starting with a few target capabilities will jump-start your innovation process. This list will become your "digital roadmap," highlighting small-scale digital initiatives that give you an easy, manageable place to start. Once you've gained a comprehensive understanding of what needs to be accomplished and which projects are already in play, include a cost-benefit analysis on how these steps will allow your organization to gain market share, increase loyalty, and beat out the competition.
Conduct a Capabilities Audit
Having trouble identifying digital gaps within your organization? Conduct a capabilities audit to establish a 360-degree view into the effectiveness of existing tools and procedures. Which applications are siloed? How much visibility do you have into the conversations happening with customers from across your enterprise? What are some common customer experience challenges? Where do you stand in the industry against your competitors? Taking proper time to understand and appreciate your business needs will lead to tangible insights that will further drive the success of your digital transformation efforts.
Establish Customer Experience Councils
As the role of customer support functions evolves to cover more communication channels and disciplines, the quality of your customer experience (CX) should encompass a full range of support and service to those who need it. A CX Council provides an open forum that allows team members to discuss what's working and what's not. These discussions help determine the ultimate digital vision for next year. Make sure to include a variety of key stakeholders across various functions, including IT, Customer Service, Marketing, Sales and Operations. Review initial priorities with a lens toward leveraging this Council to continue building future iterations of both the strategy and the action plan. By building this function as a cross-departmental committee, you'll not only generate better ideas and buy-in; you'll also demonstrate to the business the value of treating digital transformation as a continuous area of focus.
Take a Customer-First Strategy Approach
If you're struggling with the "how-to" element of your digital transformation strategy, you're in good company! While we rarely hear from a company that hasn't listed digital transformation as a key priority, it's just as rare for us to speak with organizational leaders that believe their work here is done! As you plan for 2020, recognize that defining digital transformation in the context of what your customers seek and expect is key. So too is building a manageable action plan that helps you migrate – step by step – toward better processes to meet those needs. If you're interested in hearing more about how leading companies across industries are getting this right, contact us! We'll include you in a couple of upcoming events designed to showcase great work around the world.
Ready to jump-start your digital transformation journey? Download our helpful how-to guide and start transforming your customer communications the smart way.


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Initialization and synchronization of power hardware-in-the-loop simulations : a Great Britain network case study
Guillo-Sansano, Efren and Syed, Mazheruddin H. and Roscoe, Andrew J. and Burt, Graeme M. (2018) Initialization and synchronization of power hardware-in-the-loop simulations : a Great Britain network case study. Energies, 11 (5). 1087. ISSN 1996-1073 (https://doi.org/10.3390/en11051087)
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The hardware under test (HUT) in a power hardware in the loop (PHIL) implementation can have a significant effect on overall system stability. In some cases, the system under investigation will actually be unstable unless the HUT is already connected and operating. Accordingly, initialization of the real-time simulation can be difficult, and may lead to abnormal parameters of frequency and voltage. Therefore, a method for initializing the simulation appropriately without the HUT is proposed in this contribution. Once the initialization is accomplished a synchronization process is also proposed. The synchronization process depends on the selected method for initialization and therefore both methods need to be compatible. In this contribution, a recommended practice for the initialization of PHIL simulations for synchronous power systems is presented. Experimental validation of the proposed method of establishing a PHIL simulation for a Great Britain network case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the approach in achieving stable operation.
ORCID iDs
Guillo-Sansano, Efren ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2773-4157, Syed, Mazheruddin H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3147-0817, Roscoe, Andrew J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-4265 and Burt, Graeme M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0315-5919;-
Item type: Article ID code: 63892 Dates: DateEvent28 April 2018Published28 April 2018Published Online25 April 2018Accepted3 April 2018SubmittedKeywords: PHIL, power hardware in the loop, simulation initialization, synchronization, time delay, synchronous power system, stability, accuracy improvement, Electrical Engineering. Electronics Nuclear Engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Electrical and Electronic Engineering Subjects: Technology > Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering Department: Faculty of Engineering > Electronic and Electrical Engineering Depositing user: Pure Administrator Date deposited: 30 Apr 2018 13:47 Last modified: 02 Jan 2024 12:10 Related URLs: URI: https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/id/eprint/63892


text: I have put my "99 Places Every Antietam Battlefield Guide Should Know" online. It is a work in progress and is currently a bit of a mess, but I thought it would be fun to get suggestions before I spent too much time adding some new places I have learned about. For the record, this is not a list of obvious places a guide should know. These are those special places that guides have discovered that are fun to share with those who really care about minutia.


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Streaming on Netflix 13th January 2023
Stories based on real life incidents can make for an immersive experience whether it is a movie or web series. Prashant Nair and Randeep Jha's Trial By Fire looks at a fire incident that broke out in Uphaar Cinema hall of Delhi. This fire incident took the lives of 59 innocent people. The movie playing at that time was JP Dutta's border. However zero accountability was seen from the culprits of this man made tragedy. The major culprits were the Ansal brothers. The Ansal brothers not only owned the Uphaar Cinema but also half of Delhi's infrastructure in the late nineties. Among the victims the main focus is on Neelam and Shekhar Krishnamurthy (Rajshri Deshpande and Abhay Deol).
Trial By Fire is inspired from a memoir of the same name. The series begins with the day of tragedy and how nothing is going to be the same. We see how Neelam and Shekhar stand united in spite of a long and uncertain journey for justice. The plot alternates between a personal tragedy and systemic negligence. The first two episodes focus on the pattern of events and the director duo give a clear indication of how this is going to be an uphill task. From the third equal focus is given on the supporting characters that have also lost their loved ones in the fire accident.
Also read: Some of the best films from our neighbors
First and foremost Trail By Fire is not for those who want escapism. This is a serious subject with no scope for entertainment. The director duo of Prashant Nair and Randeep Jha do a fantastic job of not making it melodramatic at any point. The struggles of Neelam and Krishnamurthy are presented in a realistic manner without resorting to bombastic dialogues. The climax also goes perfectly with the tone of the show.
As audiences you not only root for them as mother and father but also as husband and wife. A major reason for that is the sensitivity with which Prashant and Randeep have portrayed them.
Also read: CAT (web series): Randeep Hooda leads this powerful concoction of militancy and drugs
Another good thing about show is the way the parallel storylines have been integrated. One of my favorite subplots is that of a retired army officer (Anupam Kher) and his wife played by Ratna Pathal Shah. Another track worthy of mention is Ashish Vidyarthi who is a dry fruit merchant. All these stories are well woven and find a perfect culmination.
The etching of Neelam and Shekhar is another major plus of the series. As Neelam Rajshri Deshpande often uses silences to convey her grief. On more than one occasion she uses subtle gestures to express frustration. Neelam is a disappointed and broken mother however underneath that a fierce mother is still there. All this has been brought out well by the actress.
Also read: Drishyam 2 (Hindi) – A solid remake that stands on its own feet.
As Krishnamurthy Abhay Deol does some of his best work after a long time. He makes for a terrific spouse who stands by his wife through thick and thin. He has his moments of occasional outburst and the actor does complete justice to them.
A scene which has to be particularly mentioned here is when the Krishnamurthy's visit their relatives after several years. There is a visible pain in the eyes of the couple upon seeing the relatives children all grown up and doing well for themselves. The feeling of how the Krishnamurthy's could have also had the same joy strikes the audiences in a big way.
The likes of Anupam Kher and Ashish Vidyarthi are veterans who don't need a specific introduction. They do justice to their parts as expected.
In a nutshell Trial By Fire isn't an easy watch but this is a show which needs to be seen. Watch it particularly if you are a fan of realistic storytelling.
Also read: Uunchai: Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara for the older generation


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While traveling around Italy on my own, my priority was to visit the Institute for the Blind in Milan. The oldest educational institution in Italy is hidden in the narrow quiet streets, ten minutes away from the subway.
The doors of the institute first opened in 1840 in an industrial building where a small area was set up for training blind people. In the nineteenth century, the curriculum included classes of arithmetic, logic, music, and needlework. In 1864 the institute was the first in Italy to use Braille system, so blind children received the opportunity to study grammar and read books, and the institute became the country's leading educational center for people with visual impairments.
At the end of the nineteenth century, the first kindergarten for blind children and specialized music classes were opened here. After more than a hundred years, students continue to apprehend the art of playing the piano, wind instruments, and even the pipe organ. The only difference is that now there are inclusive classes at the institute where visually impaired children and children without disabilities study together. The administration of the institute kindly agreed to give a tour to a traveler from Russia and share their riches.
The first thing you feel upon entering the building is history. The walls and columns, large hall and high ceilings, like in ancient palaces, everything is soaked with history here. You can feel the scale and the mark of time, even without vision. The antique upholstered furniture, chairs with carved backs and a wide staircase covered with a carpet lend a special charm to the place.
I immediately headed for the concert hall, where preparation for the performance was in progress: they checked the sound equipment and the light. I managed to visit backstage, have a quick chat with the musicians, and climb the steep spiral staircase to the holy of holies, the room with the pipe organ. According to the maestro, who was adjusting the instrument for the concert, the organ has been functioning for more than a century. After several attempts to remove it due to some defects, it was restored on request of the locals, who loved listening to blind musicians play. Now the instrument is regularly used during weekly concerts and morning lessons.
Vladimir Vaskevich at the pipe organ.
Audio description: colored photo. A young man sits at the organ with his hands above the keyboard. He looks at the camera and smiles. This is Vladimir Vaskevich. He is wearing black jeans and a violet sweater. He has short dark-blond hair with a side bang. A girl with the glasses stands by the organ.
Never did I dream of being able to touch the keyboard of an actual pipe organ, but, after playing several fascinating melodies, the maestro invited me to take his place. My fingers touched the keys in awe, and my feet felt numerous pedals. It's incredible how this colossal tool made up of so many pipes can be controlled blindly. Indeed, one of the most experienced music teachers at the institute does not see at all.
After visiting the concert hall, we went to explore the workshops, where special didactic materials are created for the whole country. In a small room filled with tables and various equipment, I discovered how to make learning games and tactile books for blind children. For the little ones, they produce solid geometric figures. The goal is to organize the objects by size, placing them in special holes on the field. While playing, children develop excellent motor skills, learn to define, compare, and distinguish different shapes and volumes.
For older kids, they develop construction sets, car models, house models, and tactile books. The books are full-fledged with small stories written in Braille. Tactile compositions are made from environmental materials only. In these books, you can find green grass, learn about different trees and leaf shapes, and also touch the fur of squirrel, mink, and bunnies. All items are glued or sewn to the pages.
Audio description: colored photo. There's a small album at the table with the large text on one page and tactile abstract figures on the other page. A green stripe is attached at the bottom with a red square and a blue triangle with one side shaped like the stairs. Two men stand by the table. One of the touches the figures with both hands, while the other one is guiding his fingers.
The workshop is mainly focused on making art and architecture accessible to the blind: solid models of different buildings and famous paintings are printed here using modern techniques and 3D-printers. I was pleasantly surprised to hold a matrix of the famous Milan Cathedral and then offered to craft a tactile copy on my own. Guided by the master, in a few minutes, I received a sheet of plastic, still hot after being printed. Once I began to examine it, I was convinced that I was holding an exact copy of the main cathedral of the city. I was absolutely thrilled.
Walking through the wide corridors of the institute and touching the walls, one can find raised Latin and Italian alphabets, Arabic and Roman numerals. For the most inquisitive, there are drawings of cars, schemes of the solar system, maps of the Earth, and portraits of famous people. As a trained physician, I particularly enjoyed the anatomical manuals, but a manual with illustrations of buildings demonstrating various architectural styles came as a revelation. Ancient Greek columns, elements of mosaics and arches of multiple forms, as well as Gothic cathedrals and Italian Baroque houses were tactically illustrated on its pages.
Vladimir Vaskevich with a tactile illustration of the Milan Cathedral.
Audio description: two colored photos. On the left, Vladimir Vaskevich examines the tactile plastic relief of the building with his hands. A man with the glasses stands beside him and smiles. At the table before them, there are colored schemes of the same façade. In the background of the workshop, there are metal shelves with boxes and papers. On the right photo, Vladimir Vaskevich shows the tactile relief to the camera and smiles. He has a white cane in his right hand. The man with the glasses stands to the left and smiles as well, hugging Vladimir by the shoulder.
There are also many exciting things and study groups for adult students. People who have lost their sight at a later age learn how to work on a computer and over a phone. They are also offered to master the available professions. One of the most common vacancies for the blind in Italy is a call center operator, said Francesco, the chief information technology specialist and the teacher of computer science at the institute. He showed me the class where he was teaching, which made me feel happy for Russia as I realized that the equipment in our schools for the blind was no worse than the European. The NVDA free screen reader is mainly used both, in Italy and in Russia, but there are some differences. The training in Italy is generally focused on mastering the braille line and the printer, but not all schools can provide every computer with such expensive equipment.
According to the teachers, there are no specialized correctional boarding schools in Italy. All blind children can attend ordinary schools nearby. There are also inclusive schools at monasteries, where children with different types of disabilities study together. I was assured that the majority of the graduates find jobs, even if they are not paid very well. Like in Russia, visually impaired people work as massage therapists, telephone operators, psychologists, notaries, lawyers, teachers, and translators. There are also factories for the blind, but since the Italian economy is not in good shape now, industrial enterprises are going through some rough times.
The idea of inclusive education is excellent, yet according to Franco Lisi, the director of the institute, it conceals some pitfalls. It is not easy to gather blind students for specialized competitions: most of them simply don't want to travel from distant parts of the city. The problem of independence is also acute. Italy is a very family-oriented country where children can live with their parents up to their thirties or even longer. In the case of blind children, it often leads to excessive supervision by the family. While studying in ordinary schools and sometimes having a fully accessible urban environment, these kids still don't walk on their own and prefer their mothers to guide them. However, the institute is actively working on this issue, that involves research on how to develop independent skills of the blind and arranging training apartments, where the kids can live from time to time supervised by experienced tutors.
During our conversation with the director, we agreed that there is still much work to be done. Each country has its faults and its unique experience, which must be shared. Therefore, I was invited to give a talk on innovations in Russia at the Milan conference on the education for blind people in Italy. In my turn, I thanked the director and the staff of the institute for welcoming me and presented a selection of the Ural sweets with the pictures based on the fairy tales by Pavel Bazhov.
After visiting the Institute for the Blind in Milan, I continued my journey around Italy. For eight days, I was able to travel through eight cities of this beautiful, hospitable country and appreciate not only the Italian culture, traditions, and cuisine but also the level of accessibility for people with disabilities.
Italy is all about history, ancient castles, houses, narrow streets, and endless medieval paving stones. It's quite difficult to move around with a cane, and there's no way a navigator can figure out the countless alleys of Venice, not to mention visually impaired tourists. But, despite the complexity of the urban environment, the authorities are striving to make the cities accessible for people with all types of disabilities. All the railway stations I visited were equipped with tactile tiles and braille plates, most of the pedestrian lights have acoustic traffic signals, and many museums have special tours for blind people.
Italians are focused on finding ways to make art accessible to visually impaired people. And I had the opportunity to appreciate it when I arrived in Florence. Here at the Duomo Museum, I was allowed to touch the stucco from the doors of the cathedral. One of the compositions was made of pure gold, which was absolutely astonishing. It turned out that during the restoration, one of the patrons of art bought a piece of stucco and donated it to the museum so that blind tourists could touch real art made of pure gold, rather than a copy.
Art reproduction: The Birth of Venusby Botticelli.
Audio description: colored art reproduction: The Birth of Venusby Botticelli. In the center of the painting, the goddess stands nude in a scallop shell swimming to the shore and driven by the wind. The goddess bent and slightly pulled back her right leg. She covers her chest with her hand and her womb with a curl of blond hair. In the left part of the picture a winged man and a woman fly covered with a light cloth: this is Zephyr in the arms of his wife, Chloris. Zephyr blows towards the shell, creating a breeze filled with pink flowers. One of the graces meets the goddess on the shore. This is a girl with long blond hair in a long, flowing dress with a flower pattern. She reaches out to the goddess, offering her a pink cloak. The trees with a think crown lean over the grace. In the background, there are a grey-blue sky and distant shores.
But even copies here inspire. In the famous Uffizi Gallery, you can find tactile prints of the paintings by great artists, which means that visually impaired people have a unique opportunity to discover the works of Botticelli, Da Vinci, and other great artists. Visitors with disabilities and their caregivers have free admission to all Italian museums.


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Does Beauty Bark Attract Ants?
Beauty bark is a type of mulch made from shredded wood, bark, and other organic materials. It is often used in landscaping to improve the appearance of gardens and flower beds. But does beauty bark attract ants? The answer is yes, it can.
Why Does Beauty Bark Attract Ants?
Ants are attracted to beauty bark because it provides them with food and shelter. The organic material in the mulch can provide a source of food for ants, as well as a place to build their nests. Additionally, the moisture that is retained in the mulch can also be attractive to ants.
How Can You Prevent Ants From Being Attracted To Beauty Bark?
The best way to prevent ants from being attracted to beauty bark is to keep the area around it clean and free of debris. Regularly removing any fallen leaves or other organic material will help reduce the chances of ants being attracted to the mulch. Additionally, you can use ant baits or sprays around the area to deter them from coming near.


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Your Vision
The US is a melting pot of tradition, style, design, and craftsmanship. This blend of cultures is as much a curse as it is a benefit when it comes to creating a home that is rich with true Italian style and craftsmanship.
Homeowners, designers, and architects all have the daunting task of sifting through endless options of materials, products, and designs when working to realize their vision.
Our goal at La Fucina is to help you realize your vision. Whether you desire 100% Italian design and craftsmanship or you are looking for the single perfect furniture piece to complete a more eclectic vision, we have the connections and experience needed to make your vision a reality.


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Until recently diesel powered vehicles have been the choice for many drivers.
Diesels tend to be more economical in terms of fuel use, emit lower tax gathering CO2 emissions and despite their higher purchase price, the dearer cost of diesel fuel over petrol and the 3% higher Benefit-in-Kind tax levy for business car users over petrol models, they have made up slightly more than half of UK new car sales.
That looks to be changing with EU and UK Government plans to levy a new tax on diesel cars to reduce NOx (nitrogen oxide) emissions that are harmful to health and the exhaust particulates of soot pollute our lungs and discolour town and city buildings.
From January 2015 the new Euro 6 regulations come into force for petrol and diesel engines so buyers will hope that any new emissions tax will not affect their investment.
Peugeot with their new 308 range of Hatchbacks and SW estates, the 2014 European Car-of-the Year, are well placed with their Euro 6 range of engine options. The headline unit is the new 1.6-litre BlueHDI 120hp turbodiesel with CO2 emissions of just 82g/km, NOx reduced by 90% and a 99.9% almost total elimination of diesel particulates. In addition fuel economy improves by 4% over Euro 5 engines with a Combined Cycle figure (depending on the model and its specification) of 91.1mpg.
Other BlueHDI Euro 6 engines of varying capacities are fitted to other models in the overall Peugeot (and Citroen) ranges and offer similar improvements.
What is BlueHDI technology? To keep it simple this is a three stage catalyser system within the exhaust. In the first stage the oxidation catalytic converter eliminates unburned hydrocarbons and CO2 and these are transformed into water and carbon dioxide. The second stage is selective catalytic reduction which transforms the NOx into water and nitrogen which is the main constituent of air using an AdBlue mixture (urea and water) injected into the catalyser. AdBlue has its own container which is topped up at normal service intervals. There is a warning light when the level is low and should the AdBlue run out the engine will not start. The third stage of the system is a particulate emission filter which eliminates nearly all particulates. Unlike exhaust trap filters, which can become blocked during continuous short journeys, the Peugeot additive system has a regeneration performance which is claimed to be four times faster than trap filters.
To try the BlueHDI technology I have recently had a spell in the 308 five door Hatchback with the 1.6-litre, four cylinder 120hp BlueHDI turbodiesel unit with Active spec which of course also has a stop-start function and has a headline fuel consumption figure of an impressive 91.1mpg for the Combined Cycle. The move up from the Euro 5, 1.6 eHDI 115hp power output of the non BlueHDI unit, provides 5hp more power, 30Nm more torque, 14.8 better mpg in the Combined Cycle and 13g/km less CO2 emissions and with the Active vehicle specification and equipment it only costs £400 more to buy at £19,495.
On the tax front both engines are currently free of VED road tax for every year with the BlueHDI engine for company car drivers being rated at 14% for Benefit-in-Kind tax and the eHDI unit users will pay 15% BIK tax, but these tax levels might widen considerably in the future under the proposed tax changes. The only downside apart from costing £400 more to buy looks to be the insurance group rating with the 1.6 BlueHDI model being rated in Group 22E and the lesser powered 1.6 eHDI version in group 18E.
So we have the figures but how does the 1.6 BlueHDI unit perform? It's a little faster, it's more responsive due to the extra power and torque and my real-life road test fuel consumption figure was an impressive 71.4mpg. This was not close to the 90.1mpg official figure but better than the 55-60mpg I have seen in the past from the 1.6 eHDI engine. My test drive over a week of work-travel using all types of roads from motorways to Cotswold lanes and the usual crawl through commuter traffic was no economy run. It was meant to be realistic driving and the test 308 Hatchback was driven that way.
The engine has strong power delivery with maximum torque of 300Nm (221lb ft) delivered from 1,750rpm. Mated with a six-speed gearbox, the fifth and sixth gear ratios are fairly 'tall' to help with the fuel economy so occasionally a change from fifth to fourth gear was needed to accelerate past slower traffic rather than just letting the engine use its torque to get the job done. Top speed is 122mph and the zero to 62mph acceleration time is 11.6 seconds. I could find no negative issues by choosing this engine and with new tax legislation planned for diesels it is the sensible way to go for many high mileage drivers.
For those drivers who cover less mileage and who might be concerned about higher tax levels for diesel powered models, even Euro 6 models, there is another option. Peugeot has just added a very good Euro 6 PureTech 1.2-litre, e-THP 110hp turbocharged petrol engine with stop-start. It has CO2 emissions of 105g/km and returns 61.4mpg in the Combined Cycle. With the same Active specification this 308 Hatchback costs £17,595. VED road tax is £0 for the First Year and then £20 for Year Two onwards so it is a viable option for those not wishing to go the diesel route and encounter the uncertain tax implications for diesel fuelled vehicles next year. It is also a cheaper vehicle to buy but a little more expensive to run.
Both Euro 6 BlueHDI diesel and PureTech petrol engines of various capacities and power outputs are available throughout the 308 Hatchback and SW line-ups. Engines range from 1.2 petrol to 2.0-litre diesel with automatic gearbox options available with 130hp petrol and 150hp turbodiesel power units.
As for the 308 five door Hatchback the vehicle has the same new Peugeot family face, on the bland side for styling but not off-putting. Inside the quality is high but it has their new uncluttered design for the fascia where most of the controls for the heater, air con and radio and sat-nav are operated via the 9.7-inch multifunction colour touchscreen. They are fiddly to use and require the driver to take their eyes off the road when driving.
The ride comfort is good, a little soft perhaps at the front end and the rear suspension units work hard to absorb the impacts from potholes. The Active specification is appealing with 16-inch alloy wheels, dual zone air conditioning, electric handbrake, rear parking sensors, automatic lights and wipers and leather covered steering wheel and gearlever. Carried over from the base Access specification are LED daytime running lights, electric windows and door mirrors, cruise control, DAB radio and Bluetooth.
Above Active are Allure and Feline levels of specification and prices for the 308 Hatchback range start at £14,895 and go up to £24,445.
The driving dynamics of the new Peugeot 308 models will not trouble the likes of the Ford Focus or VW Golf but the introduction of their latest low emission engines like the BlueHDI offer stronger class-leading competition.
MILESTONES: Peugeot 308 BlueHDI 1.6-litre, 120hp, Active, 5-door Hatchback. Price: £19,495. Engine/transmission: 1.6-litre, 4-cylinder, Euro 6, turbodiesel with stop-start, 120hp, 300Nm (221lb ft) of torque from 1,750rpm, 6-speed manual. Performance: 122mph, 0-62mph 11.6 seconds, 91.1mpg Combined Cycle (71.4mpg on test), CO2 82g/km, VED road tax £0 every year, BIK company car tax 14%. Insurance group: 22E. Warranty: 3-years/unlimited mileage. Boot/load space: 470- 1,309-litres. For: Euro 6 turbodiesel BlueHDI engine with very low CO2 and NOx emissions, impressive fuel economy, low running costs and taxes, comfortable ride. Against: Bland styling, not as sharp in the handling department as the Focus or Golf, too many main controls operated via the touchscreen. Miles better news agency


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Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. Studies in the book of judges central baptist church. All the people served the lord throughout the time of joshua. Next chapter of judges the book of judges, chapter 10 we hope that you find the content of the book of judges, chapter 10 from the douay rheims version of the catholic bible helpful to your bible studies and for references which allow you to read the books and individual verses of this chapter. Sometimes people say, im in this for the long haul. Judges 2 the death of joshua and israels disobedience.
Judges 10, new international version niv the bible app. Please practice handwashing and social distancing, and check out our resources for adapting to these times. Its purpose is to resume the history of israel at this point, where the book of joshua ended, and to contrast the era of joshua with the era of the judges cf. The spotlight of the book is on a blessed peoples miserable failures. They cry out to god only when they are in great trouble. A teaching through the 2nd chapter of judges by pastor paul leboutillier of calvary chapel ontario oregon. He lived in shamir, in the hill country of ephraim. George douglas the book of judges is a concise and compact exposition on the book of judges.
Shoftim judges chapter 10 tanakh online torah bible. Believing judges to represent an accurate historical account of the people of israel, douglas exposition on judges discuss the fall of israel in disobedience and the chaos that ensnared the land during the reign the of judges of israel. Judges 10 niv tola after the time of abimelek, a bible gateway. Judges 10 commentary matthew henry commentary on the. But it also is a book about gods great and abiding mercy. It finds itself after joshua because it is a near seamless continuation of the story of the israelites. The purpose of the book of judges for everything that was written in the past was written to teach us, so that through endurance and. J udges is the fifth book of the english bible and the second of the inspired historical books. The failure of obedience can have some heavy consequences. Book of judges bible study chapter 1 the heart of the.
A overview of the book of judges based on judges 1. Judges, chapter one, acts as a transition between joshua and judges. As we take a birdseye view of this book there are some interesting life lessons that we can apply to our lives. Then the children of israel again did evil in the sight of the lord. The book of judges is set during the time between the prophets abraham, moses, etc. The title of the book in english, greek kritai, lxx, and hebrew is judges. The book of genesis chapter 1 by peter hui, via behance. Out of the judges named, only three are well known which are deborah, gideon, and samson. It has subdivisions of the lord, joshua, apostasy, and judges. Book of judges contemporary lessons from the book o judges 2 the judges were ehud and shamgar. This phrase is repeated seven times in the book of judges. Sauls disobedience and its consequences leadership lesson.
This paragraph is almost identical to the one in joshua 24. The passages of the scripture before us today are still part of the introduction to the book of the judges. Free cycle of disobedience in the book of judges echart. Judges 10 commentary commentary critical and explanatory on. Book of judges bible study outline judges commentary part one the cycle of sin defined by i gordon. Judges 1 after the death of joshua, the people of israel. They even obeyed during the lifetime of the elders who outlived joshua. The god of 2nd chance and 3rd, and 4th, and after abimelech there arose to save israel tola the son of puah, the son of dodo, a man of issachar. Amen just read massage the story of israelite on the book of judge chapter 10.
But so far in this section we havent heard anything about disobedience, have we. Assignments on judges 1 please read the whole book of judges at least once as we study chapter 1. In the post the ten commandments, i briefly talked about the cycle of apostasy described in the book of judges. This summary of the book of judges provides information about the title, author s, date of writing, chronology, theme, theology, outline, a brief overview, and the chapters of the book of judges.
We will see a cycle that the israelites pass through repeatedly in the history of the judges. The author has frequently stated this point in the preceding chapters compare 7. Judges chapter 10 summary began with the new judge who arose after abimelechs death. Picking up where joshua left off, judges records the daytoday lives of the israelites in the promised land. Mar 7, 2014 free cycle of disobedience in the book of judges echart rose publishing. Skim the book of judges, reading as much as you can, and state the theme of the book. The title refers to the leaders israel had from the time of the elders who outlived joshua until the time of the monarchy. They controlled thirty towns in gilead, which to this day are called havvoth jair. The tribes of zebulun and naphtali chiefly bore the brunt of this conflict, which set them free from the tyranny which had lain especially heavily upon the luxuriant plain of esdraelon. The nine verses in todays reading further explain that cycle. This is a story of disobedience and is a tragic account of how god was taken for granted by his people year after year, and on the divine side, of direction and deliverance. Judges 10 theres a phrase used describing a long journey or long period of time. Book of judges bible study commentary the cycle of sin.
The book of judges brings out the fact that gods people came to be complacent, forgetful, and downright disobedient through the process of time. The book of judges chapter 2 is taken from jimmy swaggarts, the expositors study bible. Jewish tradition claims that samuel or one of his disciple wrote the book of judges 1 sam. Judges covers the period after the death of their great leader, joshua, to the ascension of saul to the throne of israel the book of judges is in a way another book of beginnings where we see a new nation adjusting her national life. The book of judges, which is believed to have been written by the prophet samuel around 1050 bc, presents us with a sad and turbulent period in israels history. Chapter 1 part two the heart of the problem by i gordon but put on the lord jesus christ, and make no provision for the flesh in regard to its lusts. The key issue was whom the israelites served or worshiped nrsv. Now they own themselves guilty, like a malefactor upon the rack, and promise reformation, like a child under the rod. Israel, in the book of judges, is a picture of the defeated, carnal christian. The function of judges differs from that of prophets or kings in that judges were specifically military leaders sent to deliver israel by the sword, as. Israels lack of spiritual interest is made manifest with each of the twelve cycles of sin revealed in the book of judges. Chapter two of judges introduces the pattern of disobedience, destruction, and disobedience that will be the pattern of the entire book.
New generations served other deities and had forgotten god. Judges 10 tola after the time of abimelek, a bible. Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of bible. A humble confession which israel make to god in their distress, v. The god of 2nd chance and 3rd, and 4th, and sermon by. We hope this outline of judges will deepen your understanding of gods word.
There is a cycle found throughout the book of judges. The book of judges is a book of failure and misery. Just call and pray jesus christ is answered what ever we want just on waiting. Tola and then jair judge israelthe children of israel worship false gods, are forsaken by the lord, and are distressed by their enemiesthey. The book also tells of some battles and events amongst the israelites themselves. This pattern, which is most clearly seen in judges 2. If your greatest enemy is yourself self leadership, then what area of selfleadership do you need to focus on in 2017.
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Camping San Remo
4 camping(s) disponible(s) a partir de 60 € Varios factores pueden afectar la clasificación de un camping. Más información
Situated in panoramic position at 800 mt from the sea, offers its guests a peaceful and relaxing holiday.It is provided with spacious swimming-pool with solarium, tennis court, bowls area, playground and equipped barbecue zone. It is ideal for vacations with caravans and campers. Camping Edy has got Mobile Homes with 4-5-6 beds. Moreover parking (indoor and outside) and snack-bar.
Among the colors and scents of the Nervia Valley, a stone's throw from the medieval village of Isolabona in Italy, only 102 m above sea level, Camping delle Rose offers spacious and shaded pitches, spread over natural large terraces with electricity, pools for adults and children, playground, ping pong, bowls, facilities with free hot showers, bar, restaurant with traditional home cooking and opportunity to rent by reservation brick bungalows and mobile homes for a pleasant and relaxing holiday.


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As a plastering business owner, you know the importance of promoting your services to potential customers. One of the most effective ways to do this is through business cards. In this article, we will discuss the best plastering business cards templates for 2023, as well as provide tips for designing, printing, and distributing your cards.
Why Business Cards are Important for Plastering Business
In today's digital age, it may seem like business cards are outdated. However, they are still an essential tool for plastering business owners. Business cards allow you to make a personal connection with potential customers, and they provide a tangible reminder of your services. They are also a cost-effective way to promote your business and can be easily distributed at networking events, trade shows, and more.
Best Plastering Business Cards Templates for 2023
When it comes to designing your plastering business cards, there are many templates available to choose from. One of the best places to find templates is online printing services such as Vistaprint, Moo, or GotPrint. They offer a wide range of templates that you can customize with your own text and images. Here are some of the best plastering business card templates for 2023: – Modern and Minimalist: This template features a simple, clean design with your logo and contact information prominently displayed. – Vintage and Rustic: If your plastering business has a more traditional or historic feel, this template is a great option. It features a textured background and vintage-style fonts. – Bold and Colorful: This template is perfect for businesses that want to stand out. It features bright colors and bold typography to grab the attention of potential customers. – Elegant and Professional: This template is perfect for businesses that want to convey a sense of professionalism and sophistication. It features a classic design with a modern twist.
Design Tips for Your Plastering Business Cards
When designing your plastering business cards, it's important to keep a few key design principles in mind. First, choose a color scheme that reflects your brand and is easy on the eyes. Use high-quality images and graphics that are relevant to your services. Keep the layout simple and easy to read, with your contact information prominently displayed.
Content Tips for Your Plastering Business Cards
The content of your plastering business cards should be concise and informative. Include your business name, logo, and contact information, including your website, email, and phone number. You can also include a brief description of your services or a special offer to entice potential customers.
Printing Tips for Your Plastering Business Cards
When it comes to printing your plastering business cards, choose a reputable printing service that uses high-quality materials. Opt for a matte finish to avoid any glare or fingerprints. You can also choose to add special finishes such as embossing or foil stamping for a more professional look.
Distribution Tips for Your Plastering Business Cards
Once your plastering business cards are printed, it's important to distribute them effectively. Keep a stack of cards with you at all times, and hand them out to potential customers whenever the opportunity arises. You can also leave them at local businesses and community centers, or include them in direct mail campaigns.
Networking Tips for Your Plastering Business Cards
Networking events such as trade shows and industry conferences are a great opportunity to distribute your plastering business cards. Make sure to bring plenty of cards with you and be prepared to network with other professionals in your industry. You never know when a potential customer or business partner may be in attendance.
Follow-Up Tips for Your Plastering Business Cards
After distributing your plastering business cards, it's important to follow up with potential customers. Send a personalized email or make a phone call to thank them for their interest and offer any additional information they may need. This personal touch can help you stand out from the competition and build a lasting relationship with your customers.
In conclusion, plastering business cards are an essential tool for promoting your business and connecting with potential customers. By following the tips and utilizing the best plastering business card templates for 2023, you can create a professional and effective marketing tool that will help your business grow.


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4.5 Years of Ad Orientem – So Much Blessing!
I saw my good friend, Fr. Jay Finelli, posted on Facebook that it had now been 4.5 years that he has offered the Mass, exclusively, ad orientem. I searched back on old articles, and I discovered he and I have been tracking exactly the same.
This is what I wrote 4.5 years ago (January 7, 2013) …
It's official. St. Mary of Pine Bluff became a parish that celebrates the Novus Ordo ad orientem at all of their Masses.
After a year of celebrating daily Masses ad orientem, we wondered when and if we would take the next step to celebrate all of our Masses this way – including weekend Masses. Then came the December 6, 2012 homily by our own Bishop Robert Morlino (listen here). In his homily, our bishop was actually encouraging ad orientem worship. Of course this was all the incentive we needed – or, was it?
We didn't make a full commitment. Instead, we DID celebrate weekend Masses ad orientem, beginning the very next weekend. However, we saw this as a kind of "test drive," as we were willing to revert back to versus populum, if the pushback became too severe.
The reaction was overwhelmingly positive (at least from those who voiced an opinion). And so, I made the decision to use the great feast of Epiphany, in which we see the Magi journeying toward the star they saw at it's rising (in the East), to teach on "ad orientem."
Again, the response was overwhelmingly positive. We are now officially a parish that celebrates all of their Novus Ordo Masses ad orientum.
And then, one year later, I posted a copy of this letter I wrote to a priest friend about the fruits of ad orientem …
We moved to Ad Orientem worship, exclusively, early in 2013, I wrote the following on a previous blog I had, on February 22, 2014 …
This is a letter I just sent to a priest friend. I wrote it because I don't believe we priests should be frightened anymore. I agree with a recent post that said, while we take our time, souls are being lost. We all know, in our bones, that God wants this … let's simply obey and allow God to bless our obedience!!!
Dear Father,
I wanted to write to update you on the amazing things God is doing here …
A year is up and the results are in.
It's been a little over one year since we removed the freestanding altar and committed to ad orientem worship for all of our Masses. Without a doubt, it was a leap of faith, as I simply trusted God would provide.
The initial response from some of the old guard was a bit nerve-racking. In fact, a handful of them decided to no longer attend here, as they dispersed to local parishes.
Beyond that, I don't even know if I can begin to share all of the fruits of this move.
First, the spiritual benefits are palpable. Our parish has a sense that we are truly worshiping, and it simply feels so right. This is visibly seen in such things as the altar boys who are more reverent and precise. People are coming early to pray the rosary, and many are staying afterwards to offer prayers of thanksgiving. Everyone is offering the "proper" gestures (bowing, etc.) at the appropriate times. Virtually everyone began, mostly in just the past year, really dressing up for Mass. It seems every Sunday another woman has decided to veil – AT A NOVUS ORDO! And, we just had over 300 people go through the 33 Days of Preparation for Consecration to Jesus Through Mary!!!
Our choir has doubled in size over the past year, and they are chanting and singing polyphony so beautifully that I am thinking they should make a CD. Even our men's schola went from 7 members to nearly 20 in just this past year. And, these men have become quite a "band of brothers" as they also gather once a month in my man cave for what we call, "Pipes and Pints" … Virtually all of them enjoy a nice pipe and brew as we discuss church related issues and try to solve all of the problems of the world. Virtually all of these men are young professionals.
I haven't looked at any statistics, but it seems that, over just this one year, the average age of our parishioners went from 65 to 35, as so many young families are discovering us and joining the parish. It is so wonderful to hear the squeaks and squawks of little ones throughout the Mass!!! My secretary commented that it seems a new young family appears here every week.
Last year, our finance council was recommending that we begin a special giving campaign, as we were feeling the effects of the economic downturn of the past five years. I asked them to give it one more year, as we see the effects of ad orientem worship. They reluctantly agreed. A year later, we just had a finance council meeting and – get this! – Contributions are up 30% IN ONE YEAR!!!
I can't say this is what will happen in every parish that decides to take the risk and move in this direction, but I wanted to be, at least, one more story of a parish that put their trust in God, and witnessed how God blessed this move to offer greater reverence in the Mass, especially by celebrating ad orientem.
Ad majorem Dei gloriam!!
I concur with Fr. Jay Finelli … "To all my brother priests, Do not be afraid!"


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In fact, according to CrowdTangle, a data-analytics firm owned by Facebook, content from conservative news organizations dominates Facebook and often outperforms content from straightforward news organizations.
Additionally, over the last month on Facebook, Trump has captured 91% of the total interactions on content posted by the US presidential candidates, according to CrowdTangle. Biden has captured only 9%.
CrowdTangle computes interactions by totaling the number of likes, comments, and shares a post receives.
Over the last month, the top performing news organization in the US was Fox News, a conservative network which largely echoes the Trump White House's messaging.
Fox News captured 13% of all interactions among US news organizations with more than 29 million likes, comments, and shares, according to CrowdTangle.