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Government Mortgage Help
Usda Rural Development Loan Map Rural | USDA – Nearly 60 million americans live in rural areas. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, through its rural development mission area, provides financial resources and support for rural communities, residents and businesses.. Affordable and Safe Housing. One of the three divisions of Rural Development, the Housing and Community Facilities Program, invests in providing safe, clean and modest living.
How Do I Qualify for Government Mortgage Assistance? Home Affordable Modification Plan. The Home Affordable Modification Plan (HAMP). State Programs. Some states that were hit hardest in the mortgage crisis created state assistance. Lender-Based Programs. Contact your lender if you cannot.
The Making Home Affordable (MHA) Program is a broad strategy to help homeowners avoid foreclosure, stabilize the country's housing market, and improve the nation's economy. Homeowners can lower their monthly mortgage payments and get into more stable loans at today's low rates.
Mortgage Refinancing Refinancing your mortgage allows you to pay off your existing mortgage and take out a new mortgage on new terms. You may want to refinance your mortgage to take advantage of lower interest rates, to change your type of mortgage, or for other reasons. These resources will help you learn more about refinancing your mortgage:
Government Mortgage Assistance – If you are looking for a way to reduce your mortgage, then our online mortgage refinance can help you find out how to lower your payment.
The help provided will vary by state, however it will usually include access to new mortgage loans, help with refinancing an existing mortgage, free counseling, grants, mediation, and other aid. Government-sponsored home mortgage assistance tends to be broader in scope and easier to acquire, but less tailored to your individual needs.
Buying Home With No Money Down A no down payment mortgage allows first-time home buyers and repeat home buyers to purchase property with no money required at closing except standard closing costs. Other options, including the.
They say the buck stops with Glen and home secretary sajid Javid who have authority to legislate to help existing mortgage.
Usda Loans Income Limits 1 Loans Com Loans – small business administration – Start or expand your business with loans guaranteed by the Small Business Administration. Use Lender Match to find lenders that offer loans for your business.. Start or expand your business with loans guaranteed by the Small Business Administration. Use Lender Match to find lenders that offer.Understanding the USDA Household Income Limits -. – · Because the program began to help families and the USDA insures the loans for approved lenders, there are specific guidelines including USDA household income limits. If your household income exceeds these limits, you are not eligible for USDA financing and must secure financing from another entity. How the USDA Household Income Limits Work
Since the process of obtaining mortgage assistance could be long and complicated, the more engaged and responsive you are, the smoother it will likely be. It's your responsibility to: Proactively communicate with your mortgage company open and respond to all solicitation letters and phone calls from your mortgage company.
Government and Lender Mortgage Help A non-traditional refinance or a loan modification offered by the federal government or a lender has more flexible income and equity guidelines. Making Home Affordable, a temporary government initiative, works with lenders to refinance or modify mortgages with little or no equity.
Hud Loans For Houses FHA Loan Types Choose from Several 2019 fha mortgage programs fixed Rate FHA Loan. An FHA loan benefits those who would like to purchase a home but haven't been able to put money away for the purchase, like recent college graduates, newlyweds, or people who are still trying to complete their education.
The sooner you get help with your mortgage problems, the more likely you are to. As the government reacts to the foreclosure crisis that many Americans are.


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MTSF236110175-0130, Laguna Tools F2 Fusion Tablesaw
The new Laguna F2 and F3 Table Saws are unlike any saw on the market. Having the same quality demands earned through the original fusion table saw, the new fusion line will not only impress but exceed the expectations you have come to expect from Laguna. With a completely redesigned trunnion and arbor controls that focuses on buttery smooth controls and longevity of the saw, we are sure this is the saw that will give you the perfect rip cut for many many years.
- Internal Design. The saw was built around a newly designed trunnion with years of research behind it. The new design focuses on butter smooth and true arbor adjustments without sacrificing strength or longevity of the saw. You will come to find a 2:1 ratio arbor tilt control that has zero backlash, an industrial strength 3 post height adjustment mechanism, and new features like the spindle lock for quick blade changes. In addition, the saw has kept the classic Laguna style cabinet mounted trunnion, but now with micro adjustable tilt controls.
- Square design zero clearance throat plate. The new throat plate is made from an innovative resin based phenolic material that dampens vibration and chatter where it matters the most. It also features 100% adjustability and a quick release locking mechanism.
- Thick 1/16″ metal cabinet. Aside from this robust build of the cabinet, you will come to find intelligent tool storage for all included accessories and the classic T-style fence.
- Newly Designed accessories including the blade guard, riving knife, and an integrated quick-change cam action setting mechanism. Included Accessories: Riving knife, blade guard, mitre gauge, 10" Blade, blade changing tool, and fence mounted push stick.
- The saw meets the latest CSA/UL requirements and was pridefully built from an ISO 9001 certified factory.
- Motor Plate 1 – 3/4 HP, Single Phase, 3450 rpm
- Power Requirements 115 V, 15 Amp, 30 Amp Service
- Overall Dimension 65 3/4″L x 31 1/8″D x 34 3/4″H
- Footprint 19 1/8″L x 18 5/8″D
- Shipping Dimensions 47 1/2″L x 29 3/4″D x 41 1/4″H
- Shipping Weight 265 Lbs
- Rip Capacity 36″ standard, 52″ option
- Max. depth of cut @ 90° 3 1/8″
- Max. depth of cut @ 45° 2 1/8″
- Blade Capacity 10″ Diameter, thin kerf – 13/16″ dado stacks
- Blade tilt 0 – 45° Left
- Mitre Slots 3/4″ with 1″ T
- Arbor Size 5/8″
- Arbor Speed 4500 rpm
- Dust collection 4″ Outlet, 500 CFM REQ

subset: commoncrawl


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Between 1970 and 1973, rescue excavations were carried out by Abingdon's Archaeological Society in gravel pits at Wilsham Road. Part of the area is now Abingdon Marina.
Discoveries included Bronze Age barrows, a Bronze Age farm, a Roman trackway and enclosure and early Anglo-Saxon buildings. These buildings may be linked to the large Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Saxton Road.
Published Reference: Abingdon and District Archaeological Society (1973), Corporation Farm, CBA Group 9 Newsletter 3, 40-41


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In a move aimed at better serving Arab students who are looking for competitive scholarships, Al-Fanar Media recently organised a panel on the Chevening Scholarships, one of the world's most prestigious scholarship programmes that allows students to study for one-year master's degrees at universities in the United Kingdom.
Mohammad El Hawary, Al-Fanar Media's editor-in-chief, moderated the panel. Nevine Sharaf, Chevening programme manager at the British Embassy in Egypt, and Nour El-Ashmawy, a winner of the scholarship in 2020-2021 and a current consultant at the International Labour Organisation, were speakers on the panel. To watch their discussion (in Arabic) on Al-Fanar Media's YouTube channel, click here.
Candidates can apply now through early November for the current round of scholarships, for study beginning next fall.
Following are some of the most important questions answered in our panel. We hope this conversation will help Arab students achieve their dream of studying abroad.
What is a Chevening Scholarship?
The Chevening Scholarship is the U.K. government's international scholarships and fellowships programme. It allows its holders to study for a year at any university in the United Kingdom, to earn a master's degree.
Students from 160 countries can apply for the scholarship, including 16 Arab countries: Algeria, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Palestine, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, and Yemen.
The Chevening programme began in 1983 and is intended for individuals who demonstrate the ability to make positive change, says the programme's website.
Which Arab nationalities are eligible for the Chevening Programme?
The Chevening progamme's website identifies 160 countries whose nationals can apply, including 16 Arab countries: Algeria, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Palestine, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, and Yemen.
Which academic disciplines are available through the Chevening programme?
The programme does not specify certain disciplines. You can choose any subject available as a full-time, taught master's degree course in U.K. universities. Nevine Sharaf, the Chevening programme manager at the British Embassy in Egypt, explained that what distinguishes U.K. universities is the presence of many sub-specialities, unlike universities in other countries that offer somewhat general academic programmes.
What are the advantages of the Chevening programme?
The Chevening programme covers full tuition costs, in addition to living costs, airfare, visa fees, and health insurance.
The programme's most important aspect is its offering students a chance to experience living in the United Kingdom and connecting with international students from around the world. The programme organises many events and activities for the grantees, in addition to study. Universities are also aware of the needs of international students, and some offer a special section specialised for these students, to communicate with them, meet their needs and assist them throughout their stay in the United Kingdom.
The scholarship does not put an upper limit on a candidate's age. Moreover, the requirement for English language proficiency was removed from the scholarship application process in 2020. Candidates will still need to meet the language requirements of their chosen universities, however.
The programme is also suitable for people with disabilities, since U.K. universities make provisions for them.
What are the requirements to apply for a Chevening Scholarship?
To apply for a Chevening Scholarship, you must be a citizen of one of the eligible countries. You need to have a bachelor's degree. It is also required that you have completed two years of work experience, equivalent to 2,800 work hours.
The scholarship does not put an upper limit on a candidate's age and does not require proof of English-language proficiency. Candidates will still need to meet the language requirements of their chosen universities, however.
Scholarship applicants are also required to show excellent leadership and communication skills. They also need to show a vision and a specific plan for what they want to achieve after completing the study, so they can leave an impact in their field. It is also required that scholarship recipients agree to reside for two years in their country of origin after completing their studies.
How can you apply for the Chevening Scholarship?
You can apply for the Chevening Scholarship online via its website. The application process requires uploading details of your educational qualifications and work experience.
Applicants are also required to choose three Chevening-eligible courses they would like to enroll in. Scholarship candidates must apply separately for each course via the university that runs the course. A Chevening application does not constitute an application to the courses.
The scholarship application process also requires writing four essays. The first asks you to talk about examples from your working life that show your ability to lead and influence. The second is about your communication and relationship-building skills, how you currently use them, and how you intend to use them in the future.
The third essay asks you to specify the reasons for choosing the three academic programmes you have listed on your scholarship application. Here, you must explain how the courses relate to your previous academic or professional experiences and your plans.
The fourth question is about your career plan. The Chevening programme seeks people who have a clear career plan after studying. In this question, you are asked to outline your immediate plans upon returning home, and your long-term career goals. It may be a good idea to link your career plans to the relationship between the United Kingdom and your home country.
What is the timeline for the Chevening Scholarship's selection process?
The current application period opened on August 2 and will continue until November 1. The process of screening applications begins on November 2, according to the programme's website.
From mid-November to December, independent reading committees assess eligible applications before they pass them back to local British embassies. From early to mid-February 2023, local embassies will produce a shortlist of candidates whom they will invite to interview. From mid-February to April, shortlisted candidates will be requested to submit two references and their educational documents prior to their interview date.
Next comes the interview phase, from late February to April 2023. Interview results are announced from June onwards.
Winners have to present an unconditional offer from at least one U.K. university before July 13, 2023. Scholarship winners will begin their studies in the United Kingdom In September or October 2023.
Related Reading
- Want a Master's Degree in the U.K.? Think 'Chevening'
- The Fulbright Scholarship: A Chance to Earn a Master's Degree in the U.S.
- Scholarships Open Doors. Here's a Primer on How to Find Them
- A Door Opens, But I Can't Enter Yet
Al-Fanar Media maintains a curated database of the latest and best local and international scholarships available to Arab students and refugees. You may search this resource in English or in Arabic.
You can join the discussion on our Facebook group here. For more scholarships, stories, and news, subscribe to our free newsletter.


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After time of exchanging and discussing, KNA CERT has successfully signed a cooperation agreement with TUV Austria on FSC/CoC certification services. Accordingl...
Each enterprise is required to apply themselves quality improvement with the aim of meeting customers' demands, which will enable them to catch on and enhance sustainable development. As a result, quality improvement, cost saving as well as time of transportation will become great concerns of enterprises in manufacturing.
At present, 5S Kaizen is one of the most popular methods. This method is highly appreciated because it does not take too much cost as well as special technology an engineering to perform. However, there are some difficulties in following this method. The following article will discuss many troubles in applying 5S, Kaizen to all firms in order that you can understand and plan a improvement scheme.
Actually, the application of 5S, Kaizen to the whole enterprise, especially State-owned ones usually face some fixed challenges such as:
Firstly, there is a lack of details and pre-audit of experts so the process lacks explicit goals and the effectiveness of process is difficult to measure.
Secondly, another challenge of enterprises and organizations is the lack of simultaneous participation and agreement of all members in an organization.
Thirdly, the lack of supervision of groups who are responsible for supervising processes also becomes a challenge, which makes the performance of processes low.
Fourthly, after 5S was applied and employees were trained to put Kaizen into practice, everything will be from scratch because principles were not applied in the long run and did not get into habit of employees in organizations.
Therefore, to increase in effectiveness of 5S, Kaizen, groups of leaders must make efforts to set examples to employees. If 5S, Kaizen are applied to companies, they will bring considerable benefits to their production and business activities.


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Retirement must be very exciting time to suit your needs. You need to simply be sure you plan it properly. The next article offers many ideas to help you arrange for and save for the retirement. Make sure to bookmark this article. These guidelines will instruct you on all you should learn about retirement planning. It can be really worth the effort you add with it.
Either start saving or continue saving. Should you aren't saving already, then it's due time that you just started. You can never really begin saving too soon for retirement. If you are already saving, then good job, nevertheless, you can't slack off as time passes. Keep saving and don't stop trying.
Start contemplating how you would like to live when you retire years before you decide to actually do retire. Make a checklist detailing what you want out from retirement. What do you want your lifestyle being like? How do you wish to feel? Start considering retirement now to enable you to plan regarding how to achieve those things.
Set reasonable goals for retirement. Reaching too high in the sky can cause disappointment if you do not hold the resources hitting them to start with. Set very conservative goals and increase them gradually as you hit them year by year. This can also keep you from making rash decisions while you save.
While it is essential to put away as much as it is possible to for retirement, you must also consider the sort of investments you might be making. Diversify your investment portfolio and don't place all your cash in one location. This may lessen the risk significantly.
Balance your portfolio every quarter. If you this more often you may be emotionally prone to just how the industry is swinging. In the event you don't get it done a good deal then you could miss opportunities on winning stocks that could seriously help. A good investment adviser can help you determine where to place your money.
Ask your employer if they suit your 401K savings. Many employers will match the savings you place to your 401K, only once they meet minimum requirements. Figure out should your company offers this kind of deal and just what the minimum deposit is just before the employer will match the saving.
You should check into acquiring a health plan that covers long term care. A lot of folks commence to visit a decline inside their health as they age. In some cases, this decline necessitates extra healthcare which is often costly. With a lasting health plan, your overall health care needs is going to be met in the facility as well as in your own home when your health deteriorates.
Are you presently frustrated for the reason that company you work for does not have a retirement plan? Take matters to your own hands. Go to your employer and ask them to get going with one. You may be astonished at how willing these are to take this step and turn into more pleasing to potential employees.
When you wish to economize for retirement, make sure to have a banking account setup that you just cannot touch for any reason. In this way, you'll have something to utilize when you're done working. Ask the lender you're working together with what sort of options they have when it comes to savings accounts.
Don't waste that extra money. Even though you've got a few bucks left doesn't mean you must waste it in the service station. Take those few dollars extra you have from time to time and stash them with your retirement plan. They'll grow into increasingly more dollars with time and you'll be very glad which you did.
Your IRA is a superb location to invest "get caught up" contributions whenever you hit 50 years old. Typically, it can save you a maximum of $5500 annually within your IRA. But once you hit 50 years old, it is possible to raise to limit to 17,500 a year. This is great for those people who got a late start, yet still desire to save big.
Don't burn any bridges within your career as you may face retirement, because situations may change quickly! Though it may go through good to know your manager how you've really felt about him every one of these years, you might need to return to work part time and may want good references. Think first prior to signing-off on opportunities.
Carry out the math and work out how much cash you need to live. If you aspire to live without working, then you'll need to have that cash saved before hand in your retirement plan. See how much it costs anyone to live comfortably and this will present you with some kind of saving goal.
If you are establishing a retirement savings strategy and you also lack financial discipline, it is advisable to have never the amount you want set straight back to ever be in your wallet. Designate a particular portion of your pretax income to become automatically deposited into your account for instance a Roth IRA or possibly a 401(k). The amount of money will be automatically deducted out of your paycheck and essentially takes your decision of whether you would like to save or spend the cash from your control.
The time has come to hold tabs on your spending. Exactly how much will you spend on food? Simply how much for your own home or car? These expenses won't vanish entirely when you retire, so you have to know exactly how much you will be spending once your income levels set out to drop.
Come up with a plan for yourself now. Take a moment and make up a selection of your expenses. Examine simply how much you are spending, and attempt to cut costs everywhere it is possible to. Even little expenses may add up. Saving now can make it significantly quicker to retire sooner than you might without reigning in certain of your expenses.
When you invest time now in planning your retirement, you will certainly be rewarded later. Keep in mind anything you have read. Utilize these tips to help you arrange for your future. The higher prepared you are, the more you may enjoy your retirement. This is a great reason to start planning today.


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The importance of managing product catalogs is well understood by ecommerce firms however, only a few businesses take it as seriously as they should. Many ecommerce business owners experience loss or decline in the sale because of poor product classification or the absence of proper product catalog management.
On the other hand, our catalog data entry services ensure that your product catalog is up to date and fully optimized. Because the competition is so fierce these days, you must keep your online business looking new and updated at all times anytime a potential consumer views your site. At Fecoms our catalog processing experts play a critical function in boosting your business.
Let us see how:
Help you concentrate on your core competencies
In most firms, there are core and non-core procedures. Bringing non-core activities in-house might result in a significant increase in operating expenses. Businesses like you may save time and avoid headaches by outsourcing ecommerce catalog processing services to us. You will be able to focus more on your primary job with fewer distractions. It can help you raise your earnings and improve your business skills.
Build excellent collaborations
To perform better, businesses should be able to scale up or down their operations as well as alter them to fit the needs of individual clients. Choosing the appropriate professional data entry service provider may help your company develop at a rapid pace.
Give access to latest Technology
It has become critical for businesses to adapt to the latest technology to deliver high-performance services. The latest technology allows for rapid and efficient service, and outsourcing allows you to get it without having to hire people in-house.
Give access to the pool of talents
You can gain access to the top personnel in the market by outsourcing ecommerce Catalog Processing services, from us. Our data entry operators are specialized and experienced in their work while updating themselves regularly with the latest trends.
Improve Productivity
Our catalog data entry professionals work tirelessly to update and manage product catalogs on various platforms, including Amazon and Magento. It, in turn, will increase your productivity and give an ultimate rise to sales profits.
Expect premium work
Although catalog processing is not your core line of business, it is an income-generating activity for a data entry service provider like us. As a result, to create income and a good reputation among our clients, we deliver high-quality work at reasonable prices.
Reduce risk
One of the main reasons why most businesses outsource our catalog processing services is to reduce risk. A Business that uses outsourcing wisely can reduce the danger of becoming outdated and strive toward long-term success.
Give competitive edge
Outsourcing non-core operations like Catalog Processing has become critical for organizations to remain ahead of the competition. We do competitor analysis as well while taking care of your product catalogs.
Reduce your operational expenses
Every company strives to reduce its operational costs. Outsourcing Catalog Processing services from Fecoms will significantly reduce your operational expenses.
Key takeaway
You already know that taking up catalog processing in your eCommerce Business, will bring a huge improvement in providing a positive user experience for your consumers, resulting in higher sales and profit.
However, the market is flooded with service providers who make big promises while taking up projects. But choosing an offshore service provider is a careful decision because the entire potential of your company activities can be realized if you have access to relevant and precise data. Our company provides catalog data entry services to every business all across the world. Contact us for more details.


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The Bay of All Saints is the second largest bay in the world, and the largest in Brazil. Formed by a coastal boundary of 300 km, it was the epicenter of the Portuguese colonial civilization in the Americas. The natural beauties of the islands graced by white sand beaches, calm crystal clear waters, coconut trees and its dense Atlantic Forest comprise a breathtaking scenario. Tour starts with a private pick up from your hotel or accommodation, than we board your boat and spend 8 hours on the All Saints Bay´s Islands. Throughout the journey, you'll pass by famous Old Fortress attractions of the city of Salvador and stop at Guadalupe Island, an uninhabited archipelago for enjoining a swim in it beautiful clear waters, later you can decide to see more of the islands and we will be happy to assist you on that. The boat may be anchoring at Itaparica Island where you can have fresh seafood lunch at the beach . Lunch is not included in the package. It is also possible to apply for the optional bar service on the boat, so you can order drinks and cold platters. This is a special tour for you who want to to enjoy the best in private, affordable and exclusive ways.
Discover the beauty of Salvador from a unique viewpoint on a 8-hour private speedboat tour over the calm waters of All Saints Bay (Baía de Todos os Santos). We'll be sailing between the Old Fortress of São Marcelo and have great and stunning view from the upper and lower cities later is on your hand to decide among 54 unique islands to explore and relax with your private speedboat. Book your tour and enjoy the best beach tour experience in Bahia. Speed boat of 32 feats . Capacity for maximum 7 people
Your Tour Brazil


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having never been there:
- Are there good estuaries, inlets, river deltas, etc for paddling exploration, or is it just sandy wide open beaches?
If there is, are there a lot of them for several monthes worth of paddling?
- Are there good lakes, Rivers and swamps to explore that would be close proximity to the coast?
- Are there many state parks close to the coast?
- What would the winter time temperatures be on the Texas south Gulf coast?
Thanks in advance


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Book Excerpt: 'A Theory Of Game Design' - What Games Aren't
In an exclusive excerpt from Raph Koster's book "A Theory Of Fun For Game Design", Sony Online's chief creative officer discusses how "games train us to see underlying mathematical patterns", and suggests some new ways to look at the concept of fun when creating games.
December 3, 2004
Until now, I've been discussing formal game design - abstract simulations. But we rarely see truly abstract simulations in games. People tend to dress up game systems with some fiction. Designers put artwork on them that is suggestive of some real world context. Take checkers for example - abstractly, it's a board game about entrapment and forced action, played on a diamond-shaped grid. When we say "king me" in checkers, we're adding a subtle bit of fiction to the game; suddenly it has acquired feudal overtones and a medieval context. Usually, the pieces have a crown embossed on them.
This is similar to word problems in math class. The fiction serves two purposes: it trains you to see past it to the underlying math problem, and it also trains you to recognize realworld situations where that math problem might be lurking.
Games in general tend to be like word problems. You won't find many games that are pure unclothed abstractions. Most games have more in common with chess or checkers - they provide some level of misdirection. Usually there are metaphors for what is going on in the game.
While metaphors are fun to play with, players can basically ignore them. The name of the unique checker piece that has made it to the other side is basically irrelevant, mathematically speaking. We could call the regular pieces chickens and the crowned ones wolves and the game would not change one whit.
Games, by the very nature of what they teach, push toward this sort of understanding. Since they are about teaching underlying patterns, they train their players to ignore the fiction that wraps the patterns.
Games are largely about getting people to see past the variations and look instead at the underlying patterns. Because of this, gamers are very good at seeing past fiction. |
Back in 1976, a company called Exidy scored a first in video game history: its game Deathrace was taken off the market because of public concerns about the game's violent nature. Deathrace was loosely based on a movie called Deathrace 2000. The premise involved driving a car to run over pedestrians for points.
Mechanically, Deathrace was the same as any other game that involved catching objects moving around the screen. If you looked at this game today, however, with its crude pixilated graphics and its tiny iconic people, you wouldn't be particularly shocked. After all, countless other gore-fests have come along that make the game look quaint.
I don't think debates about the suitability of violence in the media will disappear. Much evidence shows that media have some effect on how we act. If media didn't have an effect, we wouldn't spend so much effort on using it as teaching tools. But evidence also shows that media aren't mind-control devices (of course they aren't, or else we'd all behave like the people we read about in the children's stories we read in elementary school).
Gamers, however, have always viewed this issue with some perplexity. When they defend their beloved games, they use one of the most self-defeating rallying cries in history: "It's only a game!"
In the wake of school shootings and ex-military people decrying first-person shooters as "murder simulators," this argument doesn't carry a lot of weight. Academics who disagree with the portrayal of games as damaging to children tend to muster learned arguments about privileged spaces and magic circles. Much of the public dismisses these arguments as coming from an ivory tower.
But there's a very good reason why the gamers are incredulous.
This is why gamers are dismissive of the ethical implications of games - they don't see "get a blowjob from a hooker, then run her over." |
Remember, games train us to see underlying mathematical patterns. The fact that I can describe Deathrace as being a game about picking up objects on a two-dimensional playing field is evidence that its "dressing" is largely irrelevant to what the game is about at its core. As you get more into a game, you'll most likely cut to the chase and examine the true underpinnings of the game, just as a music aficionado can cut past the lyrical content of different types of Latin music and determine whether a given song is a cumbia or a marinera or a salsa.
Running over pedestrians, killing people, fighting terrorists, and eating dots while running from ghosts are all just stage settings, convenient metaphors for what a game is actually teaching. Deathrace does not teach you to run over pedestrians any more than Pac-Man teaches you to eat dots and be scared of ghosts.
None of this is to minimize the fact that Deathrace does involve running over pedestrians and squishing them into little tombstone icons. That's there, for sure, and it's kind of reprehensible. It's not a great setting or staging for the game, but it's also not what the game is really about.
Learning to see that division is important to our understanding of games, and I'll touch on it at greater length later. For now, suffice it to say that the part of games that is least understood is the formal abstract system portion of it, the mathematical part of it, the chunky part of it. Attacks on other aspects of games are likely to miss the key point - at their core games need to develop this formal aspect of themselves in order to improve.
They see a power-up. |
Alas, that isn't what we tend to focus on.
The commonest route these days for developing games involves grafting a story onto them. But most video game developers take a (usually mediocre) story and put little game obstacles all through it. It's as if we are requiring the player to solve a crossword puzzle in order to turn the page to get more of the novel.
By and large, people don't play games because of the stories. The stories that wrap the games are usually side dishes for the brain. For one thing, it's damn rare to see a game story written by an actual writer. As a result, they are usually around the high-school level of literary sophistication at best.
For another, since the games are generally about power, control, and those other primitive things, the stories tend to be so as well. This means they tend to be power fantasies. That's generally considered to be a pretty juvenile sort of story.
The stories in most video games serve the same purpose as calling the über-checker a "king." It adds interesting shading to the game but the game at its core is unchanged.
Remember - my background is as a writer, so this actually pisses me off. Story deserves better treatment than that.
Story, setting, and backplot in games are nothing more than an attempt to give a side dish to the brain while it completes its challenges - sometimes, the hope is that it makes up for an otherwise unremarkable game. |
Games are not stories. It is interesting to make the comparison, though:
Games tend to be experiential teaching. Stories teach vicariously.
Games are good at objectification. Stories are good at empathy.
Games tend to quantize, reduce, and classify. Stories tend to blur, deepen, and make subtle distinctions.
Games are external - they are about people's actions. Stories (good ones, anyway) are internal - they are about people's emotions and thoughts.
In both cases, when they are good, you can come back to them repeatedly and keep learning something new. But we never speak of fully mastering a good story.
I don't think anyone would quarrel with the notion that stories are one of our chief teaching tools. They might quarrel with the notion that play is the other and that mere lecturing runs a distant third. I also don't think that many would quarrel with the notion that stories have achieved far greater artistic heights than games have, despite the fact that play probably predates story (after all, even animals play, whereas stories require some form of language).
Are stories superior? We often speak of wanting to make a game that makes players cry. The classic example is the text adventure game Planetfall, where Floyd the robot sacrifices himself for you. But it happens outside of player control, so it isn't a challenge to overcome. It's grafted on, not part of the game. What does it say about games that the peak emotional moment usually cited actually involves cheating?
Games do better at emotions that relate to mastery. Stories can get these too, however. Getting emotional effects out of games may be the wrong approach - perhaps a better question is whether stories can be fun in the way games can.
Stories are a powerful teaching tool in their own right, but games are not stories. |
When we speak of enjoyment, we actually mean a constellation of different feelings. Having a nice dinner out can be fun. Riding a roller coaster can be fun. Trying on new clothes can be fun. Winning at table tennis can be fun. Watching your hated high school rival trip and fall in a puddle of mud can be fun. Lumping all of these under "fun" is a rather horribly vague use of the term.
Different people have classified this differently. Game designer Marc LeBlanc has defined eight types of fun: sense-pleasure, make-believe, drama, obstacle, social framework, discovery, self-discovery and expression, and surrender. Paul Ekman, a researcher on emotions and facial expressions, has identified literally dozens of different emotions - it's interesting to see how many of them only exist in one language but not in others. Nicole Lazzaro did some studies watching people play games, and she arrived at four clusters of emotion represented by the facial expressions of the players: hard fun, easy fun, altered states, and the people factor.
My personal breakdown would look a lot like Lazzaro's:
Fun is the act of mastering a problem mentally.
Aesthetic appreciation isn't always fun, but it's certainly enjoyable.
Visceral reactions are generally physical in nature and relate to physical mastery of a problem.
Social status maneuvers of various sorts are intrinsic to our self-image and our standing in a community.
All of these things make us feel good when we're successful at them, but lumping them all together as "fun" just renders the word meaningless. So throughout this book, when I have referred to "fun," I've meant only the first one: mentally mastering problems. Often, the problems mastered are aesthetic, physical, or social, so fun can appear in any of those settings. That's because all of these are feedback mechanisms the brain gives us for successfully exercising survival tactics.
Of course, learning patterns is not the only thing that is entertaining. Humans enjoy primate dominance games, for example. You could argue that jockeying for status is also a challenge, of course. |
Physical challenges alone aren't fun. The feeling of triumph when you break a personal record is. Endurance running can be immensely satisfying but you have not solved a puzzle. It is not the same high as when you win a well-fought game of soccer thanks to your teamwork.
Similarly, autonomic responses aren't fun in and of themselves. You have them developed already, so the brain only rewards you for doing them in the context of a mental challenge. You don't get a high from just typing, you get it from typing while pondering what to say, or from typing during a typing game.
Social interactions of all sorts are often enjoyable as well. The constant maneuvering for social status that all humans engage in is a cognitive exercise and therefore essentially a game. There is a constellation of positive emotions surrounding interpersonal interactions. Almost all of them are signals of either pushing someone else down, or pushing yourself up, on the social ladder. Some of the most notable include:
Schadenfreude, the gloating feeling you get when a rival fails at something. This is, in essence, a put down.
Fiero, the expression of triumph when you have achieved a significant task (pumping your fist, for example). This is a signal to others that you are valuable.
Naches, the feeling you get when someone you mentor succeeds. This is a clear feedback mechanism for tribal continuance.
Kvell, the emotion you feel when bragging about someone you mentor. This is also a signal that you are valuable.
Grooming behaviors, a signal of intimacy often representing relative social status.
Feeding other people, which is a very important social signal in human societies.
A lot of these feel good, but they aren't necessarily "fun."
We also enjoy visceral experiences of various sorts - these are often challenges to ourselves. |
Aesthetic appreciation is the most interesting form of enjoyment. Science fiction writers call it "sensawunda." It's awe, it's mystery, it's harmony. I call it delight. Aesthetic appreciation, like fun, is about patterns. The difference is that aesthetics is about recognizing patterns, not learning new ones.
Delight strikes when we recognize patterns but are surprised by them. It's the moment at the end of Planet of the Apes when we see the Statue of Liberty. It's the thrill at the end of the mystery novel when everything falls into place. It's looking at the Mona Lisa and seeing that smile hovering at the edge of known expressions and matching it to our hypothesis of what she's thinking. It's seeing a beautiful landscape and thinking all is right in the world.
Why does a beautiful landscape make us feel that way? Because it meets our expectations, and exceeds them. We find things beautiful when they are very close to our idealized image of what they should be but with an additional surprising wrinkle. A perfectly closed off plot, with just a couple of loose threads. A picture of a farmhouse, but the paint is peeling. Music that comes back to the tonic note and then drops a whole step further to end on an unresolved minor seventh. It sends us chasing off after new patterns.
Beauty is found in the tension between our expectation and the reality. It is only found in settings of extreme order. Nature is full of extremely ordered things. The flowerbed bursting its boundaries is expressing the order of growth, the order of how living things stretch beyond their boundaries, even as it is in tension with the order of the well-manicured walkway.
Delight, unfortunately, doesn't last. It's like the smile from a beautiful stranger in a stairwell - it's fleeting. It cannot be otherwise - recognition is not an extended process.
You can regain delight by staying away from the object that caused it previously, then returning. You'll get that recognition again. But it's not quite what I would call fun. It's something else - our brains rewarding us for having learned well. It is the epilogue to the story. The story itself is the fun of learning.
Last, people often take DELIGHT in things that are not challenges. |
Fun, as I define it, is the feedback the brain gives us when we are absorbing patterns for learning purposes. Consider the basketball team that says, "We went out there to have fun tonight," versus the one that says, "We went out there to win." The latter team is approaching the game as no longer being practice. Fun is primarily about practicing and learning, not about exercising mastery. Exercising mastery will give us some other feeling, because we are doing it for a reason, such as status enhancement or survival.
The lesson here is that fun is contextual. The reasons why we are engaging in an activity matter a lot. School is not usually all that fun because we take it seriously - it's not practice, it's for real, and your grades and social standing and clothing determine whether you are in the in-crowd or whether you sit at the table close to the cafeteria kitchen.
It's very telling that when we lose a competition, we often say, "Well, I was just doing it for fun." The implication is that we are shrugging off the implicit loss of social status inherent in a loss. Since it was merely a form of practice, perhaps we didn't put forth our best effort.
We get positive feedback for climbing the social ladder. We're just tribal monkeys throwing feces at each other in order to own the top of the tree. But notice some of the subtleties there: climbing it while helping others (naches and kvell). Climbing it while pushing the boundaries of our knowledge (fun). Climbing it while strengthening our social networks, building communities and families that work together to improve everyone's lot (grooming, pairing, and feeding others).
Asmonkeys go, that's pretty darn good. In the general run of animals, it's amazing. It's a lot better than being a shark that only gets feedback for eating.
I think there's a good case to be made that having fun is a key evolutionary advantage right next to opposable thumbs in terms of importance. Without that little chemical twist in our brains that makes us enjoy learning new things, we might be more like the sharks and ants of the world.
But delight tends to wear thin very quickly. Real fun comes from challenges that are always at the margin of our ability. |
So how does it feel? Well, the moment a lot of players like to cite is "being in the zone." If you get academic about it, you might reference Csikszentmihalyi's concept of "flow." This is the state you enter when you are experiencing absolute concentration on a task. When you're in absolute control, the challenges that come at you are met precisely by your skills. Lazzaro called this "hard fun," and it's the state from which you are most likely to emerge feeling either frustration or triumph.
Flow doesn't happen very often, but when it does it feels pretty darn wonderful. The problem is that precisely matching challenges to capability is incredibly hard. For one thing, the brain is churning away and might make a cognitive leap at any moment, rendering the rest of the challenge trivial. For another, whatever is presenting the challenges doesn't necessarily have any sense of the level of understanding possessed by the player.
As we succeed in mastering patterns thrown at us, the brain gives us little jolts of pleasure. But if the flow of new patterns slows, then we won't get the jolts and we'll start to feel boredom. If the flow of new patterns increases beyond our ability to resolve them, we won't get the jolts either because we're not making progress.
When there's flow, players usually say afterward, "That was a lot of fun." When there isn't flow, they might say "that was fun" somewhat less emphatically. The absence of flow doesn't preclude fun - it just means that instead of a steady drip-drip-drip of endorphins, you're getting occasional bits. And in fact, there can be flow that isn't fun - meditation induces similar brain waves, for example.
So fun isn't flow. You can find flow in countless activities, but they aren't all fun. Most of the cases where we typically cite flow relate to exercising mastery, not learning.
To recap the preceding pages: Games aren't stories. Games aren't about beauty or delight. Games aren't about jockeying for social status. They stand, in their own right, as something incredibly valuable. Fun is about learning in a context where there is no pressure, and that is why games matter.
When the balance is really perfect, people often zone out. |
This article is excerpted from Paraglyph Press' A Theory of Fun for Game Design (ISBN # 1932111972). For more information about the book, please visit http://www.theoryoffun.com/.
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Poxabogue Golf Course first opened for play in 1962. The course was designed by Alfred H. Tull.
The course plays to a par-30 and 1,583 yards. The longest hole is #8, a par-4 that measures 302 yards. #7, at 72 yards is the shortest hole and plays to a par-3. The most difficult hole is #3, a 292 yard par-4. The easiest hole at Poxabogue Golf Course is #4, a 121 yard par-3.
The course is easy to walk. The fairways are wide, and the greens are medium-sized. You will find no water on this flat course, but plenty of sand bunkers.


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2023 WILS LeadHERship Conference
Join Women in Leisure Services (WILS)-Chi Chapter for a day of education, leadership, lunch and networking. CEUs will be awarded (number of CEUs TBD).
Thursday, April 27, 2023 | 8:30am-4pm Registration Deadline: Friday, April 21
Villa Olivia (Bartlett Park District), 1401 W Lake Street Bartlett IL 60103
Members $75 & Non-Member $150*
Conference Schedule
9:15 am Welcome - Joan Scovic, CPRP, WILS Chi President 2022-2023
9:30am Learning Mindset - A mindfulness exercise to prepare for a day of learning. Katie Garrett CPRP, Marketing & Digital Communications Manager Fox Valley Park District
9:45am Morning Keynote: Level Up Through Self-Discovery - Molly Hamer, CPRP, Executive Director at Northbrook Park District
Session A: Engaging in Effective Crucial Conversations - Carol Sente, Carole Sente Consulting, LLC
Session B: The Mindset of a Leader - Susie Kuruvilla, CPA, CPRP Executive Director, Gurnee Park District
Assortment of wraps and soups, paired with house chips and sodas.
Session A: The Meeting Makeover - Cassandra Quinn, Growth Advisor for Socially Conscious Businesses
Session B: Vulnerable Leadership- Kris Johnson, CTRS and Professor at Aurora University:
2:00pm Afternoon General Session - Unapologetic You in Life & Business - Tammy Helfrich, a Life Coach, Host of the Intentional Life podcast, and author of the book Unapologetic.


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As February draws to a close, Surrender is bringing out a slew of new pieces for their Fall/Winter collection. Surrender's SS20 collection features brands and pieces that fuse high fashion sensibilities with streetwear aesthetics. Each of these collections has earned its place on Surrender's shelves, with unique pieces that truly embody streetwear's direction in 2020. Here are the brands you need to check out.
We11done Carryovers
Worn by the likes of Billie Eilish, Kylie Jenner, G-Dragon and Hyuna, We11done is a brand you may have seen but don't know about. Started by Dami Kwon and Jessica Jung – the duo behind Rare Market – We11done Carryovers is an exploration of old and forgotten silhouettes repurposed for streetwear. It's a simple, streetwear-inspired collection that uses unusual cuts and shapes to elevate your streetwear game.
Marcelo Burlon RE20
Marcelo Burlon's latest collection is inspired by vacation albums of unforgettable views and foreign lands. The RE20 collection is Marcelo's perspective on a portal to Patagonia, a sparsely populated region at the tip of South America. Filled with a mix of workwear, sportswear, leisurewear and macro bags, the collection is built for the world traveler headed for their next adventure.
Sottes Recommence 2.0
Sottes is back with a new sustainable collection. Recommence 2.0 uses naturally sourced white fabric as a blank canvas. Patchwork, unique designs and traditional production techniques are used to create apparel that reflect the creativity of one's inner child. To champion sustainability and push against throwaway fashion, everything within Sottes' collection is handmade and season-less. These pieces are incredibly limited and one-of-a-kind; definitely a collection you do not want to miss out on.
Stampd SS20
The Stampd SS20 collection explores the influences behind the brand's identity – surf, sand and sail. Each piece recalls details of the sport or location, truly going back to Stampd's aesthetic roots. Using a mix of fluid lines, different silhouettes and unusual colors, the Stampd SS20 collection is an incredibly versatile expression of the brand's heritage.
Daniel Patrick SS20 – Rolling Hills
A regular choice for stars like Kendrick Lamar, Justin Bieber, Beyonce, Teyana Taylor, Kendall Jenner, James Harden, Ben Simmons and Dwayne Wade to name a few, Australian brand Daniel Patrick is restocking at Surrender. The collection merges classic sportswear silhouettes with bold colors and prints – perfect for 2020's more colorful and playful vibe.
Neighborhood x PAM
Two cult brands, Neighborhood and PAM, have come together to create a hood extraterrestrial collection. The collaborative collection merges the unique vibes of both brands – mixing Neighborhood's grungy edge with PAM's quirky prints. With the long term wear in mind, the collection uses active cuts, quality materials and Japanese production with supernatural accents to top it off.
Which brand are you most excited for? Share your thoughts in the comments section.
All images: Surrender
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Sean Wotherspoon teases upcoming sustainable collab with Adidas


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On Fri, Oct 16, 2020 at 10:15 AM Andrei Petru Mura via networkmanager-list <networkmanager-list gnome org> wrote:
Hi, In my CentOS 8, I want to make my network card to be configured at boot time. The networking is managed by NetworkManager. I configured the connection with nmcli as such: nmcli con add type ethernet ifname enp5s0f1 con-name enp5s0f1 autoconnect yes save yes ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.10/25 ipv4.method manual The problem is that when I reboot the machine, the interface is down. In order to have it available, I have to always up it first: nmcli con up enp5s0f1 Is there a way to force it via NetworkManager to be always up?
You can set ignore-carrier device property in NetworkManager.conf.


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I. Observation
A. Outline
Jesus' Fame Increases (3:7-12)
Crowd follows Him (7-10)
Unclean spirits cry out (11-12)
Jesus Appoints the Twelve Apostles (3:13-19)
Purpose and authority of appointing the apostles (13-15)
The names of the apostles (16-19)
Opposition (3:20-35)
Jesus' family goes to take charge of Him (20-21)
Scribes accuse Jesus of being possessed by Beelzebub (22)
Parable of a house against itself (23-30)
Jesus' family arrives (31-32)
Jesus emphasizes doing God's will over family relationships (33-35)
B. Keywords/Phrases
Crowd, appointed, designating, given authority, out of His mind, possessed, blaspheme, family
II. General Analysis
1a. Crowd—gathered around Jesus and followed Him. They came mostly for healing, because they heard "how many things He was doing," not what He was teaching. They were so anxious for miracles that they pushed against each other and Jesus (10, 20). (But because the crowd was there all the time, Jesus had to take extra time and effort to accomplish anything else [9, 13, 20].)
1b. Unclean spirits—They cried out "You are the Son of God." They knew that Jesus had God's authority and power, and feared Him (Jas 2:19).
1c. Apostles—They came to Jesus when He called them to the mountainside. At this point they probably knew that Jesus was not an ordinary teacher (especially when He gave them the authority to drive out demons).
1d. Jesus' family—They were worried for His physical and mental wellbeing (They knew that He had not had the time to eat, and they also thought he was out of His mind). Perhaps they were embarrassed because they did not believe Jesus deserved so much attention. They might have thought they could put Jesus in His place, so they went to take charge of Him.
1e. Scribes—They came from Jerusalem to oppose Jesus because they claimed that Jesus was demon-possessed and that He was given power by Beelzebub.
III. Segment Analysis
1a. In addition to the Jewish population, pagan worshippers also came. They probably had not witnessed many of Jesus' miracles (Mt 11:20-21), and had only heard of what Jesus was doing. However, just hearing about Jesus gave them enough faith to come.
2. cf. Lesson 3, Question 8.
3. Because the crowd was pushing up against Him and each other, Jesus had to separate Himself in a small boat. This made it much more difficult for Jesus to heal, spend time alone, pray, or teach. He did not even have time to eat. He had to take extra effort to accomplish his work. By crowding up against Jesus, the crowd thought of only their own needs (miracles), which was only a small part of Jesus' ministry.
4a. A disciple is on the receiving end, learning and preparing for the work ahead. An apostle is sent to work for God. Note that the Bible continues to refer to the twelve apostles as "disciples," which implies that the learning process never ends. Jesus sent them out when they were still spiritually immature (cf. Mk 8:17-18), but He was patient with their shortcomings. Eventually these apostles became God's mighty workers.
4b. To be with Jesus; to preach; to heal; to drive out demons (14-15). Jesus needed help. Just healing the crowd took up all of Jesus' time; He couldn't accomplish other things He needed to do.
4c. The apostles were selected to be witnesses "beginning from John's baptism to the time when Jesus was taken up" (Acts 1:21-22, NIV). God continued to build them up spiritually until they were prepared to become the foundation of the church (Eph 2:20). In Mark, we see how they learned from Jesus by observing His actions.
The apostles' primary task was to be with Jesus. Likewise, before we do God's work, we must first cultivate ourselves spiritually through prayer and God's word. We must understand and obey God's will as well as experience His power (Lk 10:21-23). Otherwise, we will be unable to be witnesses for Christ and even risk being rejected by God (1Cor 9:27).
5a. Peter used to be a fisherman, and Jesus promised that he would become a "fisher of men" (Mk 1:17). His new name signifies his new identity. Jesus gave him great authority and responsibility, for he, along with the other apostles, had been entrusted with the authority from Christ to establish the church (Mt 16:18-19). For the sake of the gospel, Peter would eventually lose his freedom and his life (Jn 21:18-19). Changing Simon's name to "rock" also reminded him that he was built on Jesus Christ, who is the true foundation of the church (Eph 2:20; 1Pet 2:4-8).
"Boanerges," as Mark explains, means, "Sons of Thunder" (17). This might describe James and John's zeal and energy, and possibly their violent nature (Lk 9:51-55). Jesus might have used this nickname to remind them to overcome their shortcoming. Like the other apostles, after they received the Holy Spirit, James and John were transformed into great workers of God. James was killed for his faith (Acts 12:1-2). John eventually became known for his gentle exhortation to love one another (1Jn 4:7-21).
5b. Abraham—to confirm God's promise that he would be "a father of many nations" (Gen 17:5)
Sarah—she would become "a mother of many nations" (Gen 17:15).
Isaac—means "he laughs"; a reminder of Abraham's laughter when hearing the promise of God (Gen 17:19).
Jacob ("Israel")—to remind Him how he struggled with God and with men and had prevailed (Gen 32:28)
Magor-Missabib—means "terror on every side"; a name that pronounces divine judgment on the wicked servant of God (Jer 20:1-6).
Jezreel, Lo-Ruhamah and Lo-Ammi—to depict the broken relationship between God and His people (Hos 1:4-9).
John the Baptist—a prophecy that he will do great work for the Lord, "in the spirit and power of Elijah" (Lk 1:13-17). His naming also broke with family tradition (Lk 1:60-61) to show that God was greater than human tradition.
Jesus—He is the Son of God, the king of kings (Lk 1:31-33).
6a. Fishermen (Peter, Andrew [Mk 1:16], James, John [Mk 1:19], Thomas, Nathanael [Jn 21:2-3]), tax collector (Matthew [Mt 10:3]), political activist (Simon the Zealot [Lk 6:15]). Note that Matthew and Simon the Zealot were on opposite extremes in the political spectrum. Simon viewed paying taxes to the Roman government as treason to God, while Matthew's very job was to collect taxes!
7a. Jesus' family should have known from their experience that Jesus was not an ordinary man (Lk 2:19, 50-51; Jn 2:3-5). However, they were focused on the rumors they had heard, and what they considered to be peculiar behavior on Jesus' part, rather than what God had revealed to them.
In trying to help Jesus, Jesus' mother and brothers were acting against God's will. Our relationship with our family members must reflect our relationship with God, but God must come first. For example, Paul teaches us to "obey your parents in the Lord" (Eph 6:1). If we obey God, we become members of one family, connected through Jesus Christ (Eph 5:30). Our spiritual relationship is better than mere blood relations. Here, Jesus extends His love to all those who believe.
However, Jesus does not downplay the importance of our earthly family. Jesus showed His love for His mother while on the cross. During the most desperate moments in His life, Jesus made sure that His mother would be taken care of (Jn 19:25-27).
10a. The scribes should have known from their knowledge that Jesus was not an ordinary man. They were familiar with the prophecies of the Messiah, and could not overlook everything Jesus had said and done. John the Baptist had confirmed that Jesus is from heaven (Mk 1:8). God Himself said Jesus is his Son (Mk 1:11). Jesus had proven His authority to forgive sins (Mk 2:10-11). People were amazed by Jesus' teachings (Mk 1:22). In spite of all this, the scribes wanted to assert their authority in the spiritual matters. Since they continued in their unbelief, the only "reasonable" explanation for them was that Jesus received His authority from the demons.
10b. They claimed that Jesus had a demon, therefore attributing evil to God.
10c. The Holy Spirit (Jn 16:13); biblical knowledge (2Tim 3:15); acknowledging Jesus Christ (1Jn 4:2-3); speaks of the truth, not of the world (1Jn 4:5); how it is accepted by the people of God (1Jn 4:6).
11a. Strong man—Satan. God binds him in order to save our soul (Rev 20:2-3).
11b. House—kingdom of Satan; the world; opposition, persecution
11c. Possessions—people under Satan's control
11d. Intruder—Jesus. Only He has power over Satan and his dominion.
12. Satan does not plunder himself. If he did, his kingdom would fall. The demons are all working together against God, so it is illogical to conclude that you can drive out a demon by the power of Satan.
There are many testimonies in the True Jesus Church about people who were demon-possessed. When they try to get help from the idols or exorcists, their conditions became worse. We can only drive out unclean spirits by the power of the Holy Spirit.
Likewise, if the church is divided against itself, it cannot stand. In a sense, we would be worse than the demons. That is why the devil tries to split the church apart (1Cor 1:10-13; 3:3-5).


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Ashli Babbitt's mother arrested for assaulting woman at event supporting Capitol riot defenders
Video shows Micki Witthoeft striking a woman and later smashing her megaphone
Ashli Babbitt's mother was arrested on Tuesday after allegedly assaulting a counter-protester at a right-wing event outside a Washington DC jail.
Micki Witthoeft, 58, was taken into custody surrounded by officers who handcuffed her before taking her into a waiting police van, The Daily Beast reported.
She was arrested and charged with simple assault and destruction of property, Hugh Carew, a DC Metropolitan Police Department spokesperson told the publication.
Ashli Babbitt was the 35-year-old woman killed on 6 January 2021 while trying to disrupt a joint meeting of the Congress.
In videos recorded from the incident, Ms Witthoeft could be seen racing after a counter-protester holding a camera.
The counter-protester was seen blaring a loud siren sound from her megaphone, in an apparent effort to annoy the people gathered outside the prison in support of imprisoned 6 January defendants.
As the woman raised her middle finger, Ms Witthoeft allegedly pushed her before pushing her off the sidewalk. She then continued to follow her.
While waving the American flag, Ms Witthoeft sped up to the woman, snatched her megaphone and smashed it on the ground.
It was not clear what preceded the incident. Mr Carew said Ms Witthoeft was arrested in the 1800 block of E Street SE, near the DC jail.
Following Ms Witthoeft's arrest, the group of right-wing protesters reportedly gathered around the police vehicle, chanting: "Ashli Babbitt! Ashli Babbit!"
"Arrested for defending Ashli Babbit's honour," a right-wing protester yelled, according to The Daily Beast.
Ms Witthoeft was released just hours after her arrest and she returned to the protest area outside of the jail. "I did klonk my head getting in the paddy wagon," she told supporters.
"The MPD department on M St has a serious rat problem."
"It really wasn't that bad," she said, explaining the booking process.
Ms Witthoeft was previously arrested in January this year in Washington DC while protesting on the second anniversary of the Capitol attack. She was arrested when a group of protesters who did not have a permit to demonstrate on the Capitol grounds attempted to cross a street and enter the venue.
"The officers and officials told the group to get out of the road or the group would be arrested. The sidewalk was open. A woman in the group was given multiple warnings to get our of the road," the Capitol police said.
"Instead of getting out of the road, the woman refused to leave, turned around with her hands behind her back, and asked to be arrested."
Prosecutors later dropped the charges against her.
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Richard Vandervord unearths some not-so-ancient treasures within Greece's blossoming Hellenic Air Force Museum
About half-an-hour's drive north of Athens lies Dekelia Air Base, in Tatoi – home to the Hellenic Air Force Academy's Cessna T-41 and Tecnam P2002 elementary trainers. To whet the appetite of aviation enthusiasts even more, though, it is also the site of the Hellenic Air Force Museum. Established in 1992, it is one of the world's younger national aircraft collections, but the Greek service's tendency to delay scrapping obsolete flying machines has ensured an impressive range of exhibits, particularly representing the post-war years, when large numbers of US jets were obtained by Greece under the Military Assistance Program.


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The myth goes like this: if you cut up strips of Juicy Fruit or a similar off-brand and place the strips within a mole's tunnel system, the mole will eat it and become constipated, ultimately dying from waste buildup. This is false as moles are not killed by juicy fruit.
What food do moles like to eat?
Moles eat a lot of bugs. In fact, the NWF reports that many species eat up to 100% of their body weight in insects each day. Their diet consists of earthworms, white grubs, beetles, and larvae. Moles will construct elaborate burrows in areas where these insects are abundant.
Do moles eat berries?
Moles do not feed on the trees or fruit but prefer to subsist off insects.
Do moles eat veggies?
Moles do not eat plants, roots or vegetables, however, their constant tunneling will disrupt the root system of nearby grass and plants causing them to die. One misconception about moles is that they eat vegetables and gnaw on roots in your garden.
Do moles eat plants?
Moles don't eat plants — only earthworms and grubs. However, they create raised tunnels that are unsightly and can damage lawns.
Do moles eat oranges?
A Mole's Favorite Food: Earthworms
They're distinctive in that they have long, dark-orange or even reddish bodies broken into up to 150 segments. … Because moles expend so much energy each day, they'll need a food source in abundance.
What time of the day are moles most active?
They prefer moist, loamy soil and are most active in the early morning or evening in the spring or fall, they also come out after a warm rain.
Do moles eat bird seed?
Moles feed on grubs, worms and other creatures that live beneath the surface. They rarely make an above ground appearance, and they would have no interest in the bird seed. … Moles, however, are harmless and the most damage they do is to the aesthetics of yard as they leave raised tunnels and mounds.
Do moles eat roots of fruit trees?
Moles don't eat tree roots — or any roots, for that matter — because they're carnivorous. If one is digging around the roots of a tree in your yard, it's because there are insect larvae there, and if there are many larvae, the mole may dig many tunnels to get them.
Do moles eat acorns?
Moles also love acorns, nuts and seeds, and will feed on germinating plants if no other food source is readily available.
Are moles harmful to gardens?
They push mounds of soil to the surface and their tunnels create holes and weak spots in the lawn. … When moles burrow close to the surface, it can cause harm to grass roots, leaving behind brown patches. While tunneling for insects, moles can disrupt the roots of vegetables and other plants, and uproot turf.
Do moles eat potatoes garden?
Moles are carnivores, eating mostly earthworms, and filling in the rest of their diet with centipedes, grubs, millipedes, snails and slugs. Although a mole might undermine a potato plant as he digs, looking for earthworms, he generally isn't interested in vegetables.
Do moles eat grubs or worms?
Moles are the underground equivalent of teenage boys, they live in the dark and eat no vegetables. Moles thrive on a diet of earthworms, grubs and cicada larvae.
Do moles leave holes?
Moles dig complex systems of feeding tunnels just under the soil surface. … Most of these tunnels are closed, but the moles may leave open holes here and there. Moles also excavate deeper tunnels marked by conical piles of soil (like mini-volcanoes). The deep tunnels probably are used for resting and reproduction.
Do moles eat ants?
Moles are constantly on the hunt for food, searching day and night for earthworms, beetles, grubs, ants and cicadas. They have a very high metabolic rate, which requires them to eat 50 to 100 percent of their body weight each day.
Do moles carry diseases?
In addition to creating unsightly holes, moles can pose health risks. In rare cases, the pests can transmit diseases that affect humans, like rabies. However, the insect parasites that they carry are greater causes for concern.
Do moles eat chicken eggs?
Moles and gophers, two digging animals, have the potential to dig under your chicken wire and make it inside the coop. Moles, gophers, and groundhogs do not eat chickens.
Do moles eat cheese?
Moles are roughly the size of large mice. They can be caught in release mouse traps and released or disposed of. Since moles don't eat cheese, bacon, or peanut butter, you will need to capture an earthworm or grub to bait the trap.
What eats a mole?
Predators of moles include snakes, skunks, foxes, weasels, coyotes, hawks and owls.
What is the fastest way to get rid of moles in your yard?
Fastest way to get rid of moles
- Mole trap: A mole-specific trap is considered the most effective way to get rid of moles. …
- Baits: Moles feed upon earthworms and grubs. …
- Remove the food for moles: Moles feed on various garden insects, such as earthworms, crickets, and grubs.
How many moles live in a yard?
A mole typically travels more than one-fifth of an acre. No more than three to five moles live on each acre, two to three moles is a more common number. Thus, one mole will usually use more than one person's yard. For effective control, several neighbors may need to cooperate.
What is under a mole hill?
A mole hill, molehill or mole mound is a conical mound, and it has loose soil that is raised by the burrowing mammals. This includes moles as well as other animals like voles, marsupial moles, and mole rats. … When the moles are found under shrubs or trees, the roots will support a tunnel.
Will moles eat sunflower seeds?
If you decide to get rid of moles, trap them. Forget home remedies like chewing gum or castor bean seeds. … Although they can tunnel, they often will simply take over mole tunnels – much less work! Sunflower and other birdseeds will attract voles.
What is difference between mole and vole?
Moles vs Voles
Voles are herbivores, and they only eat plants. Moles are carnivorous so they are hunting for insects, grubs, or worms. Despite their differences, both pests, cause collateral damage to turf and ornamental plants alike. … On the other hand, voles eat plants but do not burrow in tunnels like moles.
Do moles eat bean seeds?
Beans. … But the University of Arkansas Extension, which advises against using castor bean plants for mole control, points out that moles can't actually eat the beans, because "their teeth are designed for eating invertebrates and not seeds."
How do I protect my fruit trees from moles?
Protect Trees From Gophers – YouTube
Are moles beneficial to a yard?
In the long run, they are beneficial to the garden. Moles eat many pestiferous beetle larvae, or grubs, and other insects, though they may also eat earthworms and centipedes and occasionally a small amount of vegetable matter, especially if it has been softened by water.
Do voles eat fruit?
Voles are mostly herbivores, eating grasses, bulbs, tubers and herbaceous plants. … They can damage a wide variety of landscape plants, vegetables, and will even girdle fruit trees.
Do moles eat cicadas?
Moles only eat live, warm food, specifically earthworms, grubs and cicada larvae. They would never chow down on something that wasn't warm and alive. … Killing the grubs in your lawn might help a bit.
Do moles eat carrots?
Be on the lookout for mole damage around the garden. Rarely moles will feed on plant roots. Moles are insectivores and feed on grubs, earthworms and other insects from the soil. … In your vegetable garden, watch for mole damage around carrots, potatoes, peas, beans and corn.
Do moles eat grasshoppers?
Grub treatments and other insecticides may eradicate grubs in your lawn, but there will still be plenty of insects for the moles to eat. Grubs only make up approximately ten percent of a mole's diet. The remaining percentage consists of earthworms and other burrowing insects including beetles, grasshoppers and flies.
Do coffee grounds keep moles away?
Coffee grounds have an overpowering smell that deters moles, so place them in a few of the tunnels or mounds to drive them off. You can also spread them over the top of your garden (this is what we did) as it's perfect for your garden and makes an excellent fertilizer.
Do moles eat roots?
Moles are blind and weird looking, although humans rarely see them. … Like moles, their eating is also all underground. But they are vegetarians, and the voracious pests enjoy spring bulbs like tulips and the roots of perennials.
Do moles leave mounds of dirt?
Moles make a volcano- or cone-shaped mound. The soil of the mole mound is finer than that of a gopher mound. Moles rarely come out of their tunnels – they poke a hole in the ground and then push the dirt straight up. This is what creates the cone-shaped mound.
Do moles eat radishes?
Damage They Do – whatever they take a liking to they can wipe out quickly. Onions, lettuce, radishes, beets, squash, tomatoes, cukes — anything.
How do you keep moles from eating sweet potatoes?
Most likely, you have vole damage. Moles do not eat vegetables. You can keep voles away from you potatoes and sweet potatoes by applying a castor-oil product like Mole-be-gone or MoleMax (it works on voles, too).
What dug up my potatoes?
Gardeners who grow potatoes in the ground or in raised beds may find themselves facing damage from mice and voles from time to time. … With mice and voles eating your potatoes, you're likely to dig up tubers and find anything from just a few bite marks to half of the potato missing.
How do you get rid of food sources from moles?
Moles feed on soil-dwelling insects, especially grubs. You can eliminate this food source by using beneficial nematodes and milky spore to kill the grubs in your soil. The application of milky spore may take several seasons to become effective. You can also use a more aggressive grub killer, such as an insecticide.
Do moles mean you have grubs?
The answer is no. While grubs are considered a delicacy for moles their diet mainly consists of earthworms along with other insects and a few varieties of nuts. … Moles dig tunnels that tear up our grass roots.
Do moles eat dead worms?
What do moles eat? Moles eat insects and grubs, but they especially love to eat earth worms! They will eat their weight in food everyday. Some people will try to eradicate moles by eradicating earth worms, but earthworms can actually be very beneficial to your lawn.
What do mole mounds look like?
A mole mound will be more circular and have a plug in the middle that might not be distinct, in profile they are volcano-shaped. With moles you may also find a raised ridge to mark their path, in addition to building deeper "main" burrows.
Do moles get into houses?
It is unusual to find a mole in the house, but it does happen. Moles create complex tunnels underground, preferring the loose dirt of well-tended yards and gardens. While digging, the pests may get into homes through damaged basement windows or foundation cracks near the soil line.
Do moles bite?
Moles can bite and they are able to carry rabies, but there is no historical data that suggests any human has ever contracted rabies from a mole bite. And, since moles don't generally come in contact with humans unless they are handled, it is not likely that you will be bitten by a mole.
Are moles blind?
For instance, many people think all moles are blind or even without eyes entirely. This is not true: All mole species have eyes, though their vision tends to be quite basic. Scientists believe moles are colorblind and nearsighted, but that their eyes are exceptionally good at detecting light.
Why do I suddenly have moles in my yard?
The main reason that moles invade your yard is to search for food. Their primary food sources are earthworms, grubs, and lawn insects. … To help limit the moles' food supply, use products labeled to control grubs, ants, mole crickets, and other lawn insects. Don't water too much.
How long does a mole live?
What if a dog eats a mole?
Since moles are a part of the rodent family, there is a chance the animal could carry rabies. If your pet catches a mole and then seems to be acting strangely soon after, take the pet to the vet to check for possible disease.
How long do moles stay in one area?
A mole generally won't stay longer than a few weeks in one area. However, after he is gone, a different mole could move in and occupy the same area. A possible reason for its disappearance could be due to a neighborhood cat or other animal. Most likely, however, it is still around, but in a different location.
Do moles carry leptospirosis?
Wild animals that are potential reservoirs include raccoons, skunks, squirrels, insectivores (moles, shrews, hedgehogs), opossums, deer, rodents, buffalo, and marsupials.


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Thanksgiving Feast Cooked on MAK 2 Star Pellet Grill
The MAK 2 Star went from smoke mode to 400F without skipping a beat. The true power of a wood fired pellet smoker is the ability to change temperature quickly.
The MAK 2 Star went from smoke mode to 400F without skipping a beat. The true power of a wood fired pellet smoker is the ability to change temperature quickly.
Slow smoked Chipotle glazed salmon on the Mak 2 Star pellet grill is a quick and easy evening meal you can cook any day of the week.
Cooking bacon can be messy and time consuming. Having a good pellet grill will help move the mess and smoke outdoors to make life a little easier.
Smoking country style ribs on the MAK 2 Star pellet grill is made easy with the accuracy and precision of the pellet boss controller.
Grilling large ribeye steaks can be tough to cook properly. The goal is to get a good crust on the outside while maintaining the proper doneness on the inside. Unfortunately, that is not always the case.
Cooking turkey on a pellet grill is an easy process anyone can do that will produce fantastic results.
Salami chips are a great low carb snack that can be used in place of traditional corn or potato chips. You can cook them on your outdoor grill for a little added smoky flavor or bake them in your indoor oven.
The best charcoal smoker for most people is the Pit Barrel Cooker. We have been using this smoker for over 6 years and highly recommend it for anyone looking for an inexpensive, simple cooker. Why? Because it's awesome!
If you have ever lived near the coast or gone bay fishing, you know how good redfish on the half shell can be. Combine that with the smoke flavor from a pellet grill and you have a winning combination.
Wild Caught Salmon is some of the best fish you can put in your body. When selecting your fish, the redder and fresher the filet the better.
Thin crust pizza cooked on the MAK 2 Star pellet grill is the easiest way to make delicious, crispy pizza with awesome smoke flavor.
Beef finger ribs cooked on the MAK 2 Star pellet grill pulled up on the bone perfectly and had a beautiful mahogany color when finished.
There is nothing more enjoyable than a surf and turf dinner. Combining seafood with steak will always go down as one of the best food pairings in history.
The ZWILLING J.A. Henckels coffee mugs are absolutely gorgeous and they keep your coffee hotter longer than any other open top mug we have used.
Smoking pecan pie on the MAK 2 Star pellet grill is a unique way to add a hint of smoke to an already popular dessert.


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Audit Senior
Meisel, Tuteur & Lewis, P.C.
Roseland, NJ www.mtlcpa.com
About Meisel, Tuteur & Lewis, P.C.
Being in business for more than 70 years, the firm has built a diverse client base in nearly every industry. Clients include domestic and multi-national entities with revenues ranging from $100,000 to $200 million, and also includes private equity firms, hedge funds, funds of funds, broker dealers, employee benefit plans, family owned and run businesses both large and small, as well as high net worth individuals located worldwide.
General Responsibilities
- Perform and assist with audits, reviews, and compilations for clients in various industries including but not limited to Investment Funds, Broker Dealers, Employee Benefit Plans, and Real Estate
- Communicate with Manager and/or Partner on project status and client issues that arise
- Asks appropriate questions and requests supervision when in need of assistance
- Contribute to a strong client relationship through positive interactions with client personnel
- Develop proficiency in use of all technology necessary to performance execution
- Perform thorough self-review of all work prior to submission to supervisor
Experience and Qualifications
- CPA License or on track to obtain
- 2+ years of experience within a public accounting firm
- Proficient in Microsoft Office Applications
- Experience with Investments and Derivatives is a plus
- Approaches projects with a sense of urgency to meet tough deadlines
- Develops and establishes rapport with fellow employees
- Ability to work well independently but also work well with others
- Experience with Engagement, PPC Checkpoint, CCH Access is a plus
- UCompensation will be based on experience
Additional Information
- TThe position offers excellent opportunities for leadership development and career advancement
- The firm offers a competitive compensation and benefits package, including health and dental insurance coverage, 401(k) and profit-sharing plans and a generous paid time off policy
- Compensation will be based on experience


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Ordinary meeting of the
Nelson City Council
Monday 11 September 2017
Commencing at CE Recruitment 10.00am
Council Chamber
Civic House
110 Trafalgar Street, Nelson
Membership: Her Worship the Mayor Rachel Reese (Chairperson), Councillors Luke Acland, Ian Barker, Mel Courtney, Bill Dahlberg, Kate Fulton, Matt Lawrey, Paul Matheson, Brian McGurk, Gaile Noonan, Mike Rutledge, Tim Skinner and Stuart Walker
Nelson City Council
11 September 2017
Opening Prayer
1.1 An apology has been received from Councillors Acland and Courtney
2. Confirmation of Order of Business
3.1 Updates to the Interests Register
3.2 Identify any conflicts of interest in the agenda
Confirms, in accordance with section 48(5) of the Local Government Official Information and Meetings Act 1987, that Grant Pryde of Ichor remain after the public has been excluded, for the Public Excluded agenda, as he has knowledge that will assist the Committee; Notes, in accordance with section 48(6) of the Local Government Official Information and Meetings Act 1987, that the knowledge that Grant Pryde possesses relates to the Chief Executive recruitment process. |
That the Council
Excludes the public from the following parts of the proceedings of this meeting.
The general subject of each matter to be considered while the public is excluded, the reason for passing this resolution in relation to each matter and the specific grounds under section 48(1) of the Local Government Official Information and Meetings Act 1987 for the passing of this resolution are as follows:
Item |
General subject of each matter to be considered |
Reason for passing this resolution in relation to each matter |
Particular interests protected (where applicable) |
3 |
Report from Chief Executive Recruitment Group |
Section 48(1)(a) The public conduct of this matter would be likely to result in disclosure of information for which good reason exists under section 7 |
The withholding of the information is necessary: · Section 7(2)(a) To protect the privacy of natural persons, including that of a deceased person · Section 7(2)(c)(i) To protect information which is subject to an obligation of confidence or which any person has been or could be compelled to provide under the authority of any enactment, where the making available of the information would be likely to prejudice the supply of similar information or information from the same source and it is in the public interest that such information should continue to be supplied |
7. Re-admittance of the public
That the Subcommittee/Committee/Council


text:
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Halloween Unmasked
Some scary podcasts tell real stories from real people, while others are a bit more mystical. Halloween Unmasked "is an eight-part podcast series from The Ringer celebrating the remarkable and terrifying phenomenon of America's most revolutionary horror film, Halloween." The podcast is hosted by Amy Nicholson, a film critic. "The show dives deep into the Halloween franchise, unpacking John Carpenter's accidental classic, Jamie Lee Curtis's legacy as the ultimate scream queen, and psychoanalyzing the film's iconic masked killer, Michael Myers." If Halloween was your favorite movie of all time, then now is your chance to uncover everything it has to offer (Apple Podcasts).


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The Wisdom of Your Life
A ritual is the enactment of a myth. And, by participating in the ritual, you are participating in the myth. And since myth is a projection of the depth wisdom of the psyche, by participating in a ritual, participating in the myth, you are being, as it were, put in accord with that wisdom, which is the wisdom that is inherent within you anyhow. Your consciousness is being re-minded of the wisdom of your own life.
— Joseph Campbell
We can reject everything else: religion, ideology, all received wisdom. But we cannot escape the necessity of love and compassion… In this sense, there is no need for temple or church, for mosque or synagogue, no need for complicated philosophy, doctrine or drama. Our own heart, our own mind, is the temple.
— Dalaï Lama
Giving yourself permission to feel and learning to process and integrate your shadows allows you to break free from the chains…
As with anything, love is the key.
I was taught by my old tribe that, "the key is under your Mother's pillow." I always wondered what that meant. (Iron John Poem)
Mother taught me love was/is the key. She showed me much farther down the road where it applied to my existence. My wound worshiping and fear kept me trapped in cycles and patterns of suffering.
— Steven Twohig Sr
Campbell and the Dalaï Lama seem to be disagreeing here. My practice is closer to the Dalaï Lama's than Campbell's but Campbell makes a good point. The deep mind thinks in terms of mythic patterns and stories, and we need to respect that and listen to it. The trouble starts when we believe the stories happened in a literal sense, when we get attached to words, names and formulas, when we want to impose our myth on others. The whole idea of conversion is like accepting someone else's dream as your guiding truth.
Enacting a group dream in the form of a ritual may succeed in impressing a spiritual truth on us, but how deep does it go? Can anything be unconsciously transformed by believing a mythic story? You may attain a sense of comfort but if you don't have any sense of psychic metaphor being enacted, can anything really be realized…


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Predictive Maintenance
Analyser specialists, measurement and control engineers agree: to keep an analyser or inline measurement in good condition, you need to build a relationship with it. You have to know your device inside out. Who doesn't know the stories about equipment that works perfectly for years, but refuses service after the regular maintenance man retires?
Periodic, preventive and predictive maintenance
You can look at industrial maintenance in different ways. For example, maintenance managers distinguish among other things, between periodic, preventive and predictive maintenance.
With periodic maintenance, a predetermined action is taken at predetermined times. Preventive maintenance is the maintenance or replacement of parts, even when this is not actually necessary. This can be done, for example, when you are working on the device and fear that a component will not last long. You replace it as a precaution.
When you have intelligent sensors and analysers, you have the digital tools to embrace the predictive maintenance concept as well. This latest vision of maintenance relies on the intelligence built into the sensors or analysers themselves. Crucial parameters that (also) determine the service life or proper functioning are monitored in the background by the devices themselves. When necessary, they give a timely warning. Predictive maintenance is a concept that reduces direct maintenance costs, avoids unexpected costs and extends the service life of your installation.
Your digital crystal ball
Sensors and analysers from ELSCOLAB can be used perfectly in a predictive maintenance programme. Our intelligent process analysers take into account e.g. process conditions, sensor loads, operating time and wear. A sophisticated algorithm calculates the time until the next service or when the next calibration has to be carried out.
Some specific examples
As long as the lamp is on...
Take, for example, a TOC analyser. The UV lamp must of course be replaced from time to time. But when exactly? Not after a fixed period, because suppose the process you are monitoring does not run continuously and is subject to fluctuations in production. When production is in full swing, you want to be sure that the TOC analyser can keep up. The analyser keeps you constantly informed about how long the UV lamp can still work at full intensity. In quieter periods, when there's no constant water flow (at weekends, shutdowns, production interruptions), lamp wear decreases and the time for maintenance is extended. But if the UV lamp is switched on and off too often, it wears out even faster than under a continuous regime. The remaining time is also adjusted accordingly. The Time-To-Maintenance (TTM) of the TOC analyser is dynamic!
Reduce direct maintenance costs, avoid unexpected costs and extend the life of your installation with a predictive maintenance programme.
Keep an eye on the prism
Another example is the Quality Factor (QF) in a refractometer for Brix measurement or concentration determination. The QF constantly monitors the status of the prism (the heart of the analyser). When the QF deteriorates (too quickly), a notification is sent that maintenance is required.
Interval training
The service life of, for example, a pH electrode is not a constant. It depends on the pH of the liquid itself, the temperature, the cleaning, the type of sensor, etc. The intelligence in the sensor takes all these things and more into account to determine the dynamic lifetime of the electrode, the so-called DLI or Dynamic Lifetime Indicator. Under varying process conditions (such as in some batch processes) the DLI will rise and fall. This way you know at any time when the electrode needs to be replaced.
You've been warned
All algorithms that predict maintenance are based on digital systems. It goes without saying that you can follow the status of your analyser or sensor via digital communication (Profinet, Modbus, etc.) at anytime and anywhere. Do you still work with analogue 4-20mA signals? No need! A relay contact warns you in time.
More information?