text:
The Amazing BMW Z4 Touring Coupe – is a successor to the old Z3 Coupe
A special edition vehicle based on BMW's Z4 convertible has been formally unveiled. At the Concours d'Elegance in Villa d'Este, the new, distinctive model, known as the Z4 Touring Coupe, was introduced.
BMW has provided us with a hint about a potential one-of-a-kind model of its own, based on the Z4 convertible and displayed at this year's Concours d'Elegance in Villa d'Este. Recently, the Z4 Touring Coupe, a brand-new, distinctive model, was unveiled by the Bavarian manufacturer. To put it another way, this design is based on the Z4 Convertible and is even sometimes referred to as the Z3 M Coupe, which was manufactured from 1997 to 2002.
Of course, the roof that gives the Z4 Touring Coupe an uncommon appearance is the largest novelty that the special version brings. Due to its design, the majority of brand supporters have already given it many nicknames, such as the "bread machine" or even the "clown's shoe." The one-of-a-kind model was meticulously handcrafted, and it is painted in the Sparkling Lario color, which was developed especially for the new Z4 Touring Coupe and has blue metallic flakes.
Additionally, this area features a unique double grille with double longitudinal bars and embellishments in silver and bronze.
Golden rims that are 20 inches in the front and 21 inches in the back elegantly finish the exterior.
The Z4's basic interior hasn't changed much since. But we also offer a few unique features right here. Among these, we point out the leather upholstery made by the Italians at Poltrona Frau, coloured in two contrasting hues of brown.
The renowned in-line 6-cylinder engine from the manufacturer is housed under the hood of the new, distinctive model. In addition, the Z4 M40i version, the most potent variant of the convertible type, is the version on which the new BMW Z4 Touring Coupe is built. The 3.0-liter bi-turbo engine in this vehicle produces 340 horsepower and 500 Nm of torque. The performance of the new special model was kept a secret by the German manufacturer.
The new BMW Z4 Touring Coupe is currently only available as a one-off; BMW has no current intentions to release it as a series vehicle.
Photo Gallery:


text:
Reasons to Add Beijing to Your Winter Itinerary
If you're looking for a place to add to your winter travel plans, look no further than Beijing! With so much to see and do, the city is perfect for exploring on your own or using Beijing's extensive transport system to get around. There are also plenty of Chinese-language tourist attraction options available, making it the perfect place to learn about the country's culture. So if you're looking for a fascinating destination that will leave you wanting more, be sure to add Beijing to your list!
Discover the history and culture of Beijing
Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China, and it has a long and complex history. It was once the capital of the country, and it has played a major role in Chinese culture and politics. Today, Beijing is a thriving city with plenty to explore.
Archaeologists have discovered remnants of settlements dating back over 9,000 years, and evidence suggests that Beijing was inhabited as far back as 3000 BC. Throughout its long and complex history, Beijing has been the site of many pivotal moments in Chinese history.
Among the most important historical events in Beijing were the fall of the Yuan dynasty in 1279 AD and the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 AD. Beijing has also been the home to many important political leaders, including Chairman Mao Zedong, who led the Communist Party to power in China.
Today, Beijing is a thriving metropolis with a rich culture and history. It is a great place to learn about China's history and culture, and to explore its colourful architecture and spectacular scenery.
Explore the city's stunning architecture
When you visit Beijing, be sure to take in its many notable landmarks, from the Summer Palace to Tiananmen Square. Beyond the iconic sights, Beijing offers a wealth of experiences to be had in its varied historical neighborhoods. The natural beauty of Beijing's famed landscapes is something to behold, and there is so much to see and do in the city that it's impossible to fit it all into one visit! From shopping at the extravagant silk markets to dining at some of the city's most esteemed restaurants, there is something for everyone when exploring Beijing's stunning architecture.
Enjoy the array of shopping, dining, and entertainment options
Beijing has an abundance of shopping and dining options to choose from. Whether you're looking for traditional Chinese goods or modern designer brands, Beijing has it all. There are also a variety of entertainment options available, making it the perfect place to relax after a long day of exploring. From theatres to night clubs, there is something for everyone to enjoy in Beijing.
Use Beijing's transport system to get around
Beijing is a fascinating city that is well worth adding to your winter travel plans. With plenty to see and do, the city is perfect for exploring on your own or using Beijing's extensive transport system to get around. There are also plenty of Chinese-language tourist attraction options available, making it the perfect place to learn about the country's culture.
The Beijing subway is easy to use and offers a variety of routes to explore the city. The buses and trams are constantly busy, so be prepared for long wait times. There are several metro stations close to major tourist attractions, so you can get to where you're going quickly and easily. Beijing's transport system is perfect for visitors who want to see the city in a quick and efficient way.
Learn about China's rich culture and history from local experts
When visiting Beijing in the winter, it is important to learn about China's rich cultural heritage. The city is home to a wealth of historical and cultural sites, which can be explored by visiting local expert tour guides. With this information, you will be able to appreciate the country's history in a whole new way. There are also plenty of Chinese-language tourist attractions available in Beijing, so everyone can enjoy the country's culture.
- Beijing is a very interesting city with a lot to see and do.
- The city has a lot of history and culture to explore, as well as plenty of interesting architecture to see.
- There are a lot of great shopping and dining options available, as well as plenty of entertainment options.
- The city's transport system is very convenient and efficient, making it easy to get around.
- If you're interested in learning more about China's culture and history, Beijing is the perfect city to visit.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Ground Floor Apartment in benahavís
About this property:
Reference number. B102PA
benahavís, Málaga, Spain
Mirador del Paraíso is an exclusive residential complex located in Benahavís, a typically Andalusian white village nestled on the edge of the Sierra de las Nieves, just a stone's throw from Puerto Banús (Marbella). A privileged natural site of more than 123.000 m2 to enjoy the total tranquility and year-round ambience of the Mediterranean, golf and the traditional flavours of Andalucía. This exclusive resort, gated and fenced off from public access around its entire perimeter, offers luxury villas, spacious townhouses, modern apartments and penthouses. An exclusive Club House at the disposal of all the owners sets this urbanization apart as it combines extensive green areas with small lakes set among spacious gardens. Situated is an idyllic place with wonderful panoramic views, surrounded natural landscapes such as mountains, big lakes, the Mediterranean Sea and the best golf courses. It's the ideal place to live in comfort, relax, recharge and reward yourself with everything for individuals and families of all ages. Contact us for the options available or ask us for more information.Price:
€ 350,000
- Sea Views
- Panoramic
- Mountain
- Golf
- Garden
- Electricity
- Gated Complex
- Community
- Urbanisation
- Yes
- Yes
- South
- Fully Fitted
- Yes
- Optional
- Resale
- Holiday Home
- Development
- 2 bedrooms
- 2 bathrooms
- 135 m² property
- 0 m² ground


text:
Mirai Nagasu is a professional skater who represents the United States in international tournaments. She has already participated in Olympic Games, Four Continent Championships and Grand Prix Final. In 2018, she won the Bronze medal in the Olympic games held in Pyeongchang.
She is a 1-time gold medalist at the Junior Grand Prix that she won in the singles in 2007-08. Besides, she won 2 bronze medals in the Ladies' singles in Four Continent Championships and a silver medal. She is also a bronze medalist in the singles in World Junior Championship.
Mirai Aileen Nagasu was born on April 16, 1993, in Montebello, California, United States. According to astrologers, her birth sign is Sagittarius.
She was born to her father Kiyoto Nagasu and her mother Ikuko Nagasu. Her parents were originally from Japan and later moved to America. Her mother Ikuko suffered from thyroid cancer.
She comes from a business background as her parents were involved in the business. After they moved to the US, they turned their local food into a business n located in Arcadia, Los Angeles.
She is the only child of her parents. But according to her, her dad always had 2 children, the other being the restaurant. She said,
"In the Nagasu family, there were always two kids even though I was the only child. The restaurant was my dad's baby,"
She also joked that her father had to take a vacation to attend the Olympics of his daughter.
Read: Bradie Tennell's Bio, Single mother and Siblings
Mirai Nagasu started doing skating at an early age when she was just five years old. And she competed in the Southwest Pacific Regional Championships when in the 2002-03 season.
Finally, in 2004, she got a chance to compete in the national level tournaments in the 2004 US Junior Championships and secured 8th position in the qualifying group.
Finally, she got her first win at the Southwest Pacific Regional Championships in the 2006-07 season. In the following season, she won the gold medal in the Junior Grand Prix Final in singles.
Though Mirai Nagasu daily is originally from Japan she was born in America. She holds the citizenship of both countries but later chose US citizenship.
The reason was because of Japanese rule that had to choose on citizenship before the 22nd birthday.
As of 2022, Nagasu Mirai is just 28 years old and possesses a height of 5 feet 4 inches (1.63 meters).
Her weight is around 54 kg.
As per sources, the net worth of Mirai Nagasu is estimated to be $400,000 approximately.
Her main source of income is from skating and competing in various tournaments. The prizes money is the main source of her income. She also earns from the sponsorships deals and brands deals.
Read: Net Worth, Earnings, and Sponsor of Tauson
Throughout her career, she has earned about $1 million as prize money. She has participated in various major tournaments and even secured top positions.
She has also won a bronze medal in the 2018 Olympics. So, as per the USA rules, she earned $15,000 as prize money. Similarly, the gold medalist and silver medalist earn $37,500 and $22,500 respectively.
She has also won medals in Four Continent Championships and World Junior Championships and earned along the way.
She is also associated with various sponsors like Senreve, NOM and Backyard Soap.
One of her sponsors is Senreve, which is a manufacturer of luxury bag products.
Mirai is frequently seen promoting her sponsor and often shares photos with them. Last time, she promoted their Mini Doctor Bag on her Insta.
NOM and Backyard Soap Co
Her other sponsors are Neo Open Markets and Backyard Soap Co. Backyard is a local business s brand that manufactures Soap.
While New England Open Markets is also another local shop that sells different clothing products.
Shop Covry
Mirai has also partnered with Covry Wear which produces eyewear-like glasses of different styles. She was involved in their give-away campaign.
She posted,
"I'm teaming up with @shopcovry to give all of you the opportunity to enter for a chance to see what a world of difference glasses that actually fit make."
The Japanese -American skater Mirai Nagasu is currently in a relationship with her boyfriend whose name is still not revealed. The couple has been together for more than 2 years as of 2022.
The couple is seen together in many events. Mirai often shares her moments with her boyfriend with her fans. But never mentioned her date name.
As of now, they are deeply in love but have not been married.
Read: Who is Rachael Blackmore dating? (Boyfriend and Relationship)
Previously, Mirai was dating his former boyfriend Darian Weiss. The couple was together between 2015 and 2018.
The ex-lovers Nagasu and Weiss used to live in Colorado together and often shared their moments together. In June of 2017, she posted a photo with her ex-boyfriend captioning,
"Couples who volunteer together, stay together."
Darien Weiss is a professional actor and an ice dancer. He was born on November 17, 1992, in Los Angeles, USA. He has appeared in movies like Without a Trace in 2007 and Mad Men in 2007.
Mirai Nagasu is an active social media user making her presence on different social platforms.
She is an active Instagram user and has a fan following of more than 217,000 followers. Her Instagram Id is @mirainagasu
She is also active on Twitter where she shares her updates. Her Twitter Id is @mirai_nagasu and has more than 90,000 followers.
Explore more athletes at PlayersWiki.


text:
8 things to watch at President Donald Trump's impeachment trial
Here are the key things to watch at President Donald Trump's Senate impeachment trial.
Things will change — We have a basic outline of how we think the trial will go, but it's clear things will change as the trial progresses. For instance, much or all of Tuesday could be taken up by debate between the House managers and the defense team over how the trial will progress. Democrats are expected to seek to force a vote on including witnesses (more on that below) even before the opening arguments take place. According to aides to Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, those opening arguments are now expected to begin on Wednesday afternoon.
Late nights — There is a clear desire by Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell to get this thing done. He has broken with the precedent of the Bill Clinton impeachment trial, according to a draft of rules senators could vote on Tuesday. Instead of allotting four days each to the House impeachment managers and Trump's defense team for opening arguments, McConnell would give each side only two days to make its case. Since each side gets 24 hours, this first week in particular could go very late if the impeachment managers or Trump's team use all of that time, perhaps until 1 a.m. ET, or even later with breaks. The proceedings will get underway at 1 p.m. ET and run Monday through Saturday.
Relative speediness — This also means the trial could go very quickly. Trump wants it wrapped up before he delivers the State of the Union address February 4. That would be a very fast trial, considering Trump's officially began Thursday. Clinton's lasted more than a month — from January 7, 1999, until February 12. Andrew Johnson's trial lasted from March 5, 1868, until well into May, more than two months. But if the Senate doesn't agree to call any witnesses or subpoena any documents, Trump could be acquitted by the middle of next week.
RELATED: Impeachment guide: Voting on the trial rules
A fight over witnesses — Democrats want witnesses at this impeachment trial. Most Republicans do not. New information has come to light in the month since Trump was impeached. How much of that is presented at the trial is a very open question. And whether Democrats get to hear from witnesses like former national security adviser John Bolton is a very open question. We know there will be votes over witnesses. The question is whether the four Republicans needed to give Democrats a majority will agree to hear new information. That's a question likely to be answered later in the process, perhaps next week.
Parliamentary squabbling — We have some idea what to expect, but the rules have not been set. The rules of the trial have not been released by McConnell nor have they seen a vote. The details of those rules, and whether McConnell can get a majority of 51 senators on board with them, will be very important.
Murkiness — CNN hired former Senate parliamentarian Alan Frumin to help decode the impeachment trial. Asked if, under the rules, Democrats can force the Senate to hear witnesses, he said, "Like so much about Senate procedure the answer is a little murky. Senate procedure is murky generally and Senate procedure with respect to impeachment trials is murky squared." Read more about the rules.
Tight media control — Reporters on Capitol Hill have complained that portions of the building normally open to them have been shut. In particular, senators will be able to walk around the second floor of the building without having to answer any questions from the media. That's a break from the long-standing tradition of Capitol Hill. In addition, the Senate controls cameras inside the chamber, so it will be able to control the angles seen during the trial. Only the person talking will be pictured, for instance.
READ: What we know and don't know about the Senate impeachment trial
Closed sessions — When I ran the above items by Jeremy Herb from our Hill team, he added the important note that we won't actually see everything that happens in this trial. There's expected to be at least one closed session on Tuesday and possibly more, which will feel very strange, but is needed, according to Senate leaders, because senators aren't allowed to speak during the trial (among other rules like not using their phones and standing when they vote) and they'll have to debate at times about how to proceed. But we won't know the deliberations going on as a result.
This should be a bigger deal — NSA and CIA accused of possibly withholding evidence
This allegation from House Intelligence Chairman Adam Schiff is quite troubling and should perhaps be getting more attention.
He's essentially accused the US intelligence agencies of being cowed by Trump into holding on to facts for political reasons.
"The NSA, in particular, is withholding what are potentially relevant documents to our oversight responsibilities on Ukraine, but also withholding documents potentially relevant that the senators might want to see during the trial," Schiff said Sunday on ABC News.
The California Democrat added: "There are signs that the CIA may be on the same tragic course. We are counting on the intelligence community not only to speak truth to power, but to resist pressure from the administration to withhold information from Congress because the administration fears that they incriminate them."
Amanda Schoch, the assistant director of National Intelligence for Strategic Communications, said in response to Schiff's remarks, "The Intelligence Community is committed to providing Congress with the information and intelligence it needs to carry out its critical oversight role. The IC is working in good faith with (the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence) to respond to requests on a broad range of topics and will continue to do so."
The arguments that will be made
We've already seen some indication of the arguments that will be made during the trial. House Democratic impeachment managers capped their months-long investigation with a brief for the Senate. They ceded that Bolton should be called as a witness and they mentioned, just once, the new information released by Rudy Giuliani's business associate, Soviet-born businessman Lev Parnas.
They'll leave further arguments over new information for the trial, apparently.
But Trump tried to block cooperation with the impeachment inquiry and has kept all documents he possibly could from lawmakers. So what's new in the filings his team presented in advance of the trial is an actual defense. They argued he was right to talk to the Ukrainian President about US elections in part because he, Trump, was trying to protect them.
CNN's Kevin Liptak, Sarah Westwood and Jeremy Herb reported on their case.
Westwood and Pamela Brown profiled Pat Cipollone, the White House counsel who is about to become a household name as he defends his boss. Trump has described him as the "strong, silent type."
There was a crime, according to GAO
Much of Trump's defense has relied on the idea that no crime was committed in his conduct regarding Ukraine. But the Government Accountability Office, Congress' nonpartisan investigative arm, has determined that withholding the security aid from Ukraine violated the law. When asked about the GAO report that the Trump administration broke the law in withholding aid to Ukraine, sources working with Trump's legal team said it would not "get into something that is not in the articles of impeachment, except to point out that it's not in the articles of impeachment."
New CNN poll: Half support removing Trump
From CNN's polling director Jennifer Agiesta: About half of Americans say the Senate should vote to convict Trump and remove him from office in the impeachment trial (51%), according to a new CNN poll conducted by SSRS, while 45% say the Senate should vote against conviction and removal.
Clear majority favors witnesses
Nearly 7 in 10 (69%) say the trial should feature testimony from new witnesses who did not testify in the House impeachment inquiry. And as Democrats in the Senate seek to persuade at least four Republican senators to join them on votes over allowing witnesses in the trial, the Republican rank and file are divided on the question: 48% say they want new witnesses, while 44% say they do not.
Note from me — 51% is not a supermajority
It takes a supermajority in the Senate to remove a president, and half of Americans do not equal anything close to 67 senators. But the number of Republicans favoring witnesses is really interesting and important, and makes clear that the GOP is not the monolithic pro-Trump being he says it is.
The poll is the first major national telephone survey since the articles of impeachment were sent to the Senate, formally launching Trump's trial there. They are also the first such poll results since Parnas publicly implicated the President in the Ukrainian pressure campaign during a series of television interviews.
Trump's approval rating is at 43% in the poll
That's a low in polling for a president in January of an election year. Gerald Ford and Bill Clinton polled at 46% approval in the January before they faced voters. Ford lost after Richard Nixon had resigned rather than be impeached. Clinton won reelection, but that was before his impeachment. After Clinton was impeached, his party lost the White House.
David Chalian previewed these poll numbers on the Impeachment Watch podcast.
Bloomberg is no fan of impeachment
The late self-financed entrant to the Democratic presidential primary said he would ultimately, if he were a senator, vote to remove Trump from office.
But Michael Bloomberg wouldn't exactly be happy about it.
"We'd be much better off letting the voters decide who is president in this country," he said in an interview on NBC's "Today" show. "I'd have to swallow two or three times, but I would say I would vote to convict because there's so much evidence that he acted inappropriately."
Meet the lawyer behind Lev Parnas
Read this piece from CNN's Kara Scannell and Vicky Ward about how Lev Parnas' attorney, Joseph Bondy, has shaped the public perception of his client, the indicted Giuliani associate, into a key player in the impeachment trial.
Dershowitz logic
Alan Dershowitz is defending the Constitution and not the President, he says. But it's hard to keep up with his thinking. He'll present constitutional arguments on the President's behalf during the Senate trial, but he's made clear he's not completely a part of the defense team.
He's making these principled arguments about the Constitution, but when Clinton faced impeachment he held the opposite view, that a crime is not 100% required to impeach a president.
Legal scholars have panned his defense of Trump.
As he told Larry King on CNN in 1998, there "certainly doesn't have to be a crime if you have somebody who completely corrupts the office of president and who abuses trust and who poses great danger to our liberty. You don't need a technical crime."
With regard to Trump, he's not even willing to say whether power was abused. That's irrelevant, according to 2020 Dershowitz. Read this exchange from MSNBC:
Q: Do you believe that Donald Trump abused the power of his office, yes or no?
A: It's irrelevant. Abuse of power is not the criteria for impeachment, any more than dishonesty.
Q: Do you personally believe Donald Trump right now, with the evidence you've seen in front of you as one of his attorneys, abused his power, yes or no?
A: I'm not going to answer that question yes or no, it's irrelevant.
Kellyanne Conway: MLK Jr. would oppose impeachment
This seems like a stretch: Kellyanne Conway told reporters on Monday that she doesn't "think it was within Dr. King's vision to have Americans drag through a process where the President is not going to be removed from office, is not being charged with bribery, extortion, high crimes or misdemeanors" and that "anybody who cares about and justice for all — today or any day of the year — will appreciate the fact that the President now will have a full-throttle defense on the facts. And everybody should have that."
What are we doing here?
The President has invited foreign powers to interfere in the US presidential election. Democrats impeached him for it. A Senate trial is next. It is a crossroads for the American system of government as the President tries to change what's acceptable for US politicians. This newsletter will focus on this consequential moment in US history.
Keep track of action with CNN's Impeachment Tracker. See a timeline of events here. And get your full refresher on who's who in this drama here.


text:
Product Description
Olympus M.ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 12mm f2.0 Lens, silverFor razor-sharp images at any timeExtremely wide angleFast Focus SwitchRobust metal housingPacked in a high-grade, sleek metal body, this compact lens is ideal for taking enviable wide-angle photos in low-light conditions. It not only provides a snapshot... read more
Olympus M.ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 12mm f2.0 Lens, silver
- For razor-sharp images at any time
- Extremely wide angle
- Fast Focus Switch
- Robust metal housing
Packed in a high-grade, sleek metal body, this compact lens is ideal for taking enviable wide-angle photos in low-light conditions. It not only provides a snapshot mechanism, activated simply by pulling the focusing ring back, with distance and depth of field indicators – it also delivers sophisticated image quality paired with a maximum aperture of 1:2.0. The ZERO (ZUIKO Extra-low Reflection Optical) coating halves distracting and unwanted reflections compared to conventional coating.
read lessMPN: V311020SE000
Barcode: 4545350036416
Olympus M.ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 12mm f2.0 lens, silver Specification
- Focal length: 12mm (35mm equiv. 24mm)
- Lens configuration: 11 elements / 8 groups
- DSA lens elements: 1
- Aspherical glass elements: 1
- ED lens elements: 1
- Super HR elements: 1
- Lens mechanism: Inner focus with screw drive mechanism
- Angle of view: 84°
- Closest focusing distance: 0.2m
- Maximum image magnification: 0.08x (Micro Four Thirds) / 0.16x (35mm format)
- Number of aperture blades: 7 Circular aperture diaphragm for natural background blurring
- Maximum aperture: 1:2.0
- Minimum aperture: 1:22
- Filter size: 46mm
- Dimensions: 5.6 x 4.3 cm
- Weight: 130 g
Barcode: 4545350036416
Spread the cost with finance on selected products. Make that dream purchase a reality and buy the latest gear from Castle Cameras today.
There are various options available, including (subject to promotion) interest free credit. If finance options are available, they will show as 'Finance Available' directly under the price. Click on that grey button and it will show you all the finance options available on that product and the monthly instalments.
Find more details about our Finance terms here. If you need any further information, please call our team on 01202 526606 or Contact us.
Olympus M.ZUIKO DIGITAL ED 12mm f2.0 lens, silver
No stock on site. Please allow 10 days for delivery
Product Summary
Upgrading? Check our offer for your old gear


text:
Loading view.
Search Upcoming Events
Our searchable event list includes only events with fixed start and end dates. For a list of destinations and events that are open year-round, or that repeat regularly throughout the year, check out our Ongoing Events.
- No events scheduled for March 4, 2024.
- No events scheduled for March 4, 2024.
Kids and Families
- Events
- Kids and Families


text:
9 ideal braided hairstyles for big foreheads – HairstyleCamp
A big forehead is nothing to be ashamed of. And if you still consider it a catastrophe, let us inform you that a broad forehead was considered beautiful in the past, and ladies used to shave/pluck their hairlines for it.
Although pony Considered the best to hide five, there are other ways to draw attention away from it without necessarily hiding it. These include high updos, side parts and braids.
Take a look at the braided hairstyles mentioned below to complete big forehead. You might find a suitable way to hide your shirts without making your forehead more and more prominent.
Cute braided hairstyles for big foreheads
All of the following braids for big foreheads can be used to subtly change the dimensions of your face while balancing out a wide forehead.
1. Braided halo
Let that broad forehead shine in all its glory once with a Hila braid. Make one or two Dutch braids and wrap them around the head with bobby pins.
Pull a few strands to frame the face and you're done for the day. Also try the look with a fishtail braid!
2. A dairy braid with a side part
Women who prefer to hide their high hairline no matter what can consider a Dairy braid Instead of a halo braid updo.
The basic reason is that the former is pushed away from the face and makes room for a deep side part where the covered strands cover part of the forehead.
3. Baby braids from the 90s
Who will notice that big forehead with such cute baby braids hanging around the face? This is true! These tiny knits from the the 90s They are back and look sexier than ever. Pair them with a middle part and clashing beachy waves to balance out the face.
4. French Braid Updo
Copy this elegant braided hairstyle for big foreheads at formal events and you won't regret it!
Create French braids along the sides and wrap them for preference in the back. Pull a few pieces to soften your look. Always opt for a side or off-center parting whenever rocking a pulled back hairstyle.
5. Traditional box braids
Box braids They are, without a doubt, the most sought-after braided hairstyle among black women. Those who want to bring their five under the spotlight can accentuate it with a middle part while allowing the knits to hang loosely over the shoulders. Accessory with beads, thread and hair cuffs for an elegant finish.
6. Classic crown braid
Women who want to hide their semi-baldness without cutting their front strands into bangs can rock a low cut style. Crown braid running on the forehead.
Braid the hair into a dutch braid and continue adding clumps as you move around the hairline. Pull the strands free along the way for a rich look.
7. Side braid with bangs
A simple side braid looks effortlessly elegant and ideal for adding some asymmetry to the face and drawing attention away from a high hairline.
For a more permanent solution, go for thick blunt bangs, side bangs, or a curtain fringe to hide the top part of your flawless face.
8. Braided front bun
Adding height on top is another way to make a wide forehead look smaller than usual. Gather your tresses, whether they're box braided or not, on top of your head and twist them into a jumbo bun that's tilted to one side in the front. Done!
9. Cute braids
This vintage braided hairstyle for women with big foreheads will not disappoint regardless of hair length and texture. Relive your childhood days by choosing braided braids with or without parting. Knit the strands loosely because tight braids will only make the forehead look even bigger.
If you keep it positive, a wide forehead can become your signature feature once you embrace and flaunt it with confidence. Recreate all the braided hairstyles for big foreheads mentioned above. You can customize and accessorize these hairstyles according to your choice and routine. Still, nothing to hide!


text:
Fresh Tracks Nozawa Onsen Japan
Fresh Tracks for every one and the rabbit in Nozawa
Yesterday was the bomb, as many people said to me throughout the day, " It doesn't get much better". One Nozawa regular said it was Nozawa proper and he was getting nearly waist deep powder runs all morning. After the 70cm of fresh snow we received the day before the "Perfect Storm" then delivered a beautiful morning to enjoy it all. There are not too many people around now so there were plenty of fresh lines to be had.
Today is looking like another beauty with the sun gracing us early and crystal clear blue skies. There will still be some fresh snow about the resort and temps remained cold overnight so will be in great condition up top. It will no doubt soften up through the day with the sun on it but temperatures up top are remaining reasonably cool.
The stats for the slopes today in Nozawa
Temperature up top: – 4 degrees
New snow since close: 0 cm
Base at top: 230 cm
Snow conditions: Great snow conditions across the resort particularly up high
Weather: Bluebird with gorgeous Sunshine and light winds expected all day.
The next few days will see mostly sunshine and light winds with moderate temperatures. Perfect conditions for the kids too so bring them on up and you are sure to have a terrific week ahead. Tomorrow March the 1st is also the first day of Spring and kids lift passes drop to just 2000 Yen a day instead of 2900 Yen a day so a bargain. Check out more great info here on bringing the little ones up to Nozawa https://www.nozawaholidays.com/news/kids-skiing-nozawa-onsen-japan/
Still looking like another good snow system rolling thru from Wednesday night which is sure to keep the big kids happy too! Have a great weekend and we look forward to welcoming you to Nozawa Onsen soon.


text:
This flirty top combines the trendy cold shoulder style with playful ruffled bell sleeves. Perfect for adding a touch of fun and chic to any outfit.
Pair with our Euphoria Wide Leg Jeans!! Also available in Lavender.
Shop more tops!!
Model is 5' 3" wearing a small.
Still not sure which size to get? Ask one of our stylists! Please give us a call at 856-452-5821 during our regular business hours.


text:
Withdrawal from the professional veterinary medical program is the prerogative of every student. The choice of withdrawal should be considered carefully. If a student who withdraws from the DVM program wishes to reenter the program, they must apply for admission and go through the application process again.
Withdrawal (per Texas Education Code 54.006)
Deferral from the Professional Program: A student may be allowed to defer from the DVM Program for one year for personal reasons and only with the approval of the Associate Dean for Professional Programs. Approval for deferral may or may not be granted, depending on the timing and reason for the requests. Students will not be allowed a deferral for academic deficiencies. Students may be allowed to defer from the program for mental and physical reasons as long as a medical or health professional has certified that the health condition precludes successful progress in the program. A medical or health professional must certify that the student's condition has resolved sufficiently to be readmitted into the program. Additionally, students may be allowed to defer with subsequent readmission for other justifiable and documentable reasons if approved by the Associate Dean for Professional Programs.


text:
Marleny la puñetona video viral: Marlene Santana Benitez video that caused controversy and attention
A video featuring Marlene Santana Benitez has stirred up a lot of controversy and attention on the internet. The origin of the video and who posted it are unknown, but it quickly went viral and gained a lot of attention before it was eventually removed.
Despite its removal, some TikTok users have capitalized on the situation and made lip-syncing videos using short clips of the viral video.
People are curious about the man in the video and have made various claims, with some suggesting that he is Marlene's boyfriend while others say he is just a friend. However, the actual details of the man's identity remain unknown at this time.
Read more: https://tdpelmedia.com/marlene-la-punetona-santana-benitezs-video-that-caused-lot-of-controversy-and-attention/
Read also: Video: Amherst bus driver who went viral on TikTok for cursing students


text:
MICHIGAN CITY – Save the Dunes will hold a holiday open house for the public at 5 p.m. Friday, Dec. 7 at Barker House, 444 Barker Road.
This year marks the 60th anniversary of Save the Dunes and the group is making available copies of a poster commemorating the anniversary.
To attend, call (219) 879-3564 to make a reservation.


text:
Stony Brook's slogan, "far beyond," encourages students, faculty, alumni and staff to show their pride. However, if the home of the Seawolves wants to truly go far beyond, it needs to solve the administration issues that continue to haunt its students.
While police officers and administration workers watched the protest from the second floor, protestors congregated around the spiral staircase and the dinosaur skeleton that decorates the lobby. The main lobby was illuminated by the sunlight that penetrated through the glass ceiling. As the group shared their stories, they drew solidarity from their collective struggle.
After putting our thumbs up our asses for the past week, the administration has come to the following conclusion:
Hundreds of students crowded around the fountain to voice their concerns and chant, "Send us home, pay us back" and "Coronavirus in the air, administration doesn't care."
Sarah Azzara's time was precious, but she was genial nonetheless. She laughed as she held up a large folder thick with students' work, work that would take her hours to correct. Her new office, where she plans to meet with…


text:
- Research
- Open access
- Published:
Microscopic weathering mechanisms of subflorescence and crust patterns in the Nankan Grotto, northern Sichuan, China
Heritage Science volume 11, Article number: 181 (2023)
The mineralogy, geochemical mass balance, sulfur isotope, and micro-structure of the sandstone in the Nankan Grotto were analyzed to explore the weathering mechanisms of the subflorescence and crust patterns. The results revealed that the mineralogical compositions of the rock samples from the subflorescence and crust sites were quartz, feldspar, calcite, and clay minerals. The calcite content was much higher in the crust site than that in the subflorescence site. Based on the microscopic petrographic evidence, the crystallization stress of the thenardite and calcite and the swelling/shrinking stress of the clay minerals led to the detachment of the outer rock layer, after which subflorescence became visible on the newly exposed surface. Solution migration carried Ca2+ from the interior of the rock to the surface, where it combined with CO32− and SO42− to produce gypsum and calcite on the surface during the drying process, resulting in the formation of the crust. Therefore, the mineralogical composition (especially the calcite content) laid the foundation for the distinct development of the subflorescence and crust. In addition, the microstructure and external environment influenced the amount and location of salt crystallization, eventually leading to thenardite crystallizing within the rock in the subflorescence site while the gypsum precipitated on the surface as a crust. The sulfur isotope analysis revealed that the sulfur in the subflorescence and crust sites was most likely derived from detergents and from the combustion of oil and natural gas. Our research revealed the microscopic weathering mechanisms of the subflorescence and crust patterns in the Nankan Grotto, providing insights on salt weathering mechanisms for stone heritage sites around the world.
Sandstone buildings and monuments are an important part of our world's cultural heritage [1]. They have been subjected to diverse degradation processes over long geological timescales under the combined influences of external factors, such as environmental, geological, and anthropogenic disturbances [2,3,4,5], and internal factors, such as petrography and sedimentology [6,7,8]. In addition, salt weathering is widely accepted as an important weathering mechanism causing severe decay in sandstone heritage sites, as has been repeatedly demonstrated by numerous case studies [9,10,11,12]. Salt damage often results in the formation of efflorescence or crust on the surface, or the formation of subflorescence below the surface. Efflorescence, crust, and subflorescence patterns induce discoloration, deformation, and even detachment of the stone materials [13, 14]. These processes have greatly damaged the artistic value of sandstone heritage sites. Therefore, it is of great significance to further explore the salt weathering mechanism of sandstone heritage sites and to provide appropriate protection.
The mechanisms of salt transport and the consequent weathering patterns are controlled by the petrography of the sandstone and the dominant environmental conditions [15]. The petrographic characteristics of the sandstone determined the type of salt and its concentration [16]. At the same time, the environmental conditions (such as temperature and relative humidity) controlled the drying kinetics of the solution, which further determined whether the salts would crystallize at the surface as efflorescence/crust or inside the material as damaging subflorescence [10]. In addition, the development of stone decay can be affected by anthropogenic disturbances, especially since the industrial revolution. Mass industrial and agricultural wastewater and waste gas have been discharged into the natural environment, which provided large salt sources for the salt weathering in sandstone grottoes [17,18,19].
The Nankan Grotto was dug from a sandstone cliff in approximately 700 AD in Bazhong City, and has since suffered severe salt weathering over a long geological timescale. However, the salt weathering mechanisms of the sandstone in the Nankan Grotto are still unclear. We conducted a field investigation and collected rock blocks and salt crystals for mineralogical, major element, sulfur isotope, and micro-structure analyses. The main objectives of this study were (i) to elucidate the weathering mechanisms of the subflorescence and crust patterns in the Nankan Grotto; (ii) to investigate the possible sulfur sources of the salt weathering in the Nankan Grotto; and (iii) to investigate the petrographic and environmental influences leading to the differentiation of rock deterioration. The results of this study provide new insights that improve our knowledge of the salt weathering processes in sandstone grottoes.
Study site and sampling
The Nankan Grotto is located in Bazhong City, Sichuan Province (Fig. 1a). The Nankan Grotto was first carved during the Sui dynasty and was then further carved during the Tang dynasty. It is an excellent representation of Buddhist and Taoist grotto art, which was included in the third group of major historical and cultural sites protected at the national level by the State Council in 1988. The existing sandstone grottoes are clustered in the Giant Buddha Cave Area (Fig. 1b–d).
Bazhong City is characterized by a subtropical humid monsoon climate and is frequently subjected to the Asian monsoon. The average annual temperature is approximately 16 °C. The lowest average daily temperature of 6.1 °C is in January, and the highest temperature of 27.1 °C occurs in July (http://www.cnbz.gov.cn). There are approximately 12–15 high-temperature days per year, on which temperature extremes of > 35 °C occur. The temperature rarely drops below 0 °C in winter, except for on an average of 2 or 3 days per year. The maximum temperature variations in a single day are approximately 20 to 35 °C in summer and − 2 to 13 °C in winter. The mean annual precipitation is approximately 1117.2 mm in the Bazhong area. The annual relative humidity (RH) varies from 64 to 84%. The relative humidity is relatively low in spring, with an average daily humidity of below 70%. The relative humidity is relatively high in winter, and the average relative humidity from October to December is greater than 80%. The maximum relative humidity variations on rainy days range from approximately 60–98%.
The sandstone, excavation material for the Nankan Grotto, has a reddish color and is from the Lower Cretaceous Bailong Formation. The salt weathering patterns in the Nankan Grotto can be mainly classified as subflorescence (Fig. 2a, b), efflorescence (Fig. 2c), and crust (Fig. 2d–f). The subflorescence and efflorescence are composed of white salt particles that poorly adhere on the sandstone surfaces or newly exposed surfaces (Fig. 2a–c), while the crust is hard and bonded to the stone surface. The crust is brown or dark brown and includes the products of extraneous sedimentary materials and secondary mineralization (Fig. 2d–f). Based on the Illustrated Glossary on Stone Deterioration Patterns established by the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) for stone [20], efflorescence and subflorescence can be distinguished as follows. Efflorescence is generally poorly bonded to the stone surface and is not suspected to cause severe damage to the material. Subflorescence corresponds to salt crystallization inside the material pores and under the stone surface. Subflorescence is also visible on the newly exposed surface when the stone layer over it has detached. Therefore, the damage caused by subflorescence is much more severe than that caused by efflorescence.
We collected three samples from a subflorescence site and three samples from a crust site to investigate their deterioration mechanisms. Samples S0, S1, and S2 were collected from the subflorescence site. Sample S0 was the white salt crystallization on the surface, while samples S1 and S2 were the weathered and fresh rock samples, respectively, from the subflorescence site (Fig. 2a). Samples C0, C1, and C2 were collected from the crust site. Sample C0 was the brown crust attached to the cliff surface, while samples C1 and C2 were the weathered and fresh rock samples, respectively, from the crust site (Fig. 2d). Salt crystal sample S0 was collected using a brush. Crust sample C0 was collected using a knife. Then, a microscopic drill (HZD-L, China) was used to drill horizontal micro holes with a diameter of 50 mm in the newly exposed sandstone surface. At the subflorescence and crust sites, four holes were drilled in each site, with a horizontal drilling depth of 10 cm (Fig. 2a, d). Each sampling site yielded two samples: the 0–3 cm depth sandstone cores were denoted as weathered sandstone samples (sample S1 or C1), and the 4–10 cm depth sandstone cores were denoted as fresh sandstone samples (sample S2 or C2). The weathering state of the sandstone core was classified based on the particle color, hardness, and fissures.
Mineralogical analysis
After the collection, the samples were completely dried in a drying oven at 60 °C until a constant mass was achieved. Then, the whole rock samples were pulverized to silt-sized particles using an agate mortar and pestle. Before the laboratory analyses, the crushed samples were ground to 200 mesh (< 75 μm) powder using an XQM-0.4 A ball mill and a zirconia ball. The mineralogical compositions of the powdered whole rock samples were determined via X-ray diffraction (XRD) using Cu-Kα radiation (Bruker D8 DISCOVER, Germany; 40 kV; 40 mA; λ = 1.54059 Å). The whole rock samples were analyzed at 2θ angles of 5° to 45° and a step size of 0.02°/sec.
The clay fractions (< 2 μm) were separated from the bulk sandstone powder using a previously published method [21, 22]. First, the powdered samples were dissolved in 20% diluted acetic acid to remove the carbonate components. They were allowed to settle for approximately 60 h. Then, the uppermost suspension was transferred to a polyethylene tube and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 5 min to settle the clay fraction. The clay fraction was collected and suspended in distilled water, and then it was sonicated to achieve dispersion. Finally, this clay suspension was pipetted onto a glass slide and dried at room temperature for 48 h. The clay fractions were further treated via (i) air drying, (ii) the addition of ethylene glycol, and (iii) thermal-processing at 450 °C. All of the treated clay samples on the glass slides were then analyzed using XRD at 2θ angles of 2.5° to 15° and a step size of 0.02°/sec. The mineral contents were quantified using whole pattern fitting and Rietveld refinement. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the XRD measurements was less than 10%. The lowest detection limit was 0.1 wt.%.
Major element analysis
The major element compositions were analyzed via X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF; PANalytical PW2424, Netherlands). For the chemical analysis, two portions of each powdered samples were weighed out. One sample was fused with LiBO2-Li2B4O7 flux and an oxidizing agent (LiNO3). Then, the melted sample was poured into a platinum mold and prepared for XRF analysis. Another sample was calcined in a muffle furnace with oxygen at 1000 °C to calculate the loss on ignition (LOI). Measurements were carried out on standard and parallel samples, and the relative deviation (RD) and relative error (RE) of the XRF measurements were less than 5%. The lowest detection limit was 0.01 wt%.
Pore measurement
The pore size distribution was determined using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP, Micromeritics AutoPore IV 9505, America). Before measurements were taken, the rock samples were crushed into centimeter sized fragments and heated at 105 °C for 24 h under high vacuum conditions. Then, the pore volume was measured via the intrusion of mercury at discrete pressure steps until the maximum pressure of 110 MPa was reached.
Sulfur (δ34S) isotope analysis
Sulfur (δ34S) isotope analyses were conducted on the six samples to trace the possible sources of the sulfur. First, the sulfur was separated from the matrix and precipitated as BaSO4. The sulfur isotopic composition was measured using a stable isotope ratio mass spectrometer (Finnigan MAT 253, Germany) coupled to an elemental analyzer (Costech ECS 4010, Italy). The δ34S values were calculated by normalizing the 34S/32S ratio of the sample to that of the Vienna Canyon Diablo Troilite (VCDT) international standard. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the measurements was less than 0.03%. The lowest detection limit was 0.1‰. The analytical precision for the δ34S value was reproducible to 0.2‰.
Microscopic petrographic analysis
The unpolished samples (S0 and C0) were coated with platinum (Emitech SC7620 sputter coater) prior to observation. The microstructures of samples S0 and C0 were observed using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM; TESCAN MIRA 3, Czech Republic). Before the observations, sandstone samples S1, S2, C1, and C2 were polished using a polishing machine (UNIPOL-1200 M) to obtain flat surfaces. Then, backscattered electron (BSE) images of samples S1, S2, C1, and C2 were obtained via FE-SEM. The instrument was operated at an accelerating voltage of 20 kV. The element compositions of the observed grains were analyzed via energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS; EDAX Element 30).
Mineralogy of the sandstone
The XRD analysis results of the samples are shown in Table 1 and Fig. 3. For the subflorescence samples (S0, S1, and S2), the quartz contents (60.7–79.4 wt.%) were the highest, and the calcite contents (0.5–9.2 wt.%) were the lowest. The other minerals were feldspar (13.3–14.6 wt.%) and clay mineral (4.5–8.5 wt.%). Thenardite was only observed in sample S0 in this set of samples (8.3 wt.%). For the clay minerals, the illite-smectite mixed layer contents were the highest (2.1–2.9 wt.%), followed by the mica/illite contents (1.4–2.1 wt.%). The chlorite contents (0.3–0.5 wt.%) and kaolinite contents (0.2–0.5 wt.%) were much lower.
The crust samples (C0, C1, and C2) had the highest quartz contents (64.1–74.1 wt.%), followed by the feldspar (10.3–15.0 wt.%), calcite (6.1–15.1 wt.%), and clay mineral (5.4–8.2 wt.%) contents. Gypsum was only observed in samples C0 and C1 (1.3–2.3 wt.%). For the clay minerals, the illite-smectite mixed layer contents were the highest (3.4–6.0 wt.%), followed by the mica/illite (0.6–1.3 wt.%), chlorite (0.3–0.4 wt.%), and kaolinite (0.4 wt.%) contents. The calcite and illite-smectite mixed layer contents of rock samples C1 and C2 were much higher than those of samples S1 and S2.
Major element compositions
The major element compositions are summarized in Table 2. For the subflorescence samples (S1, S2), the SiO2 contents (80.53–81.30%) were the highest, followed by the Al2O3 (7.95–8.18%), Fe2O3 (1.72–3.01%), CaO (0.70–2.27%), K2O (1.69–1.86%), Na2O (1.48–1.62%), and MgO (0.81–0.92%) contents. Sample S1 had the highest SiO2 content (81.30%) and the lowest CaO content (0.70%), corresponding to the abundance of the quartz and the sparsity of the calcite. The contents of the other oxides, such as MnO (0.04%), P2O5 (0.05–0.07%), SO3 (0.01–0.03%), and TiO2 (0.41–0.43%), were all less than 1.0%.
For the crust samples (C1, C2), the major element oxide contents were as follows: SiO2 (74.72–76.47%), Al2O3 (7.52–7.63%), CaO (5.34–5.73%), K2O (1.70–1.71%), Na2O (1.48–1.59%), Fe2O3 (1.06–1.21%), and MgO (0.75–0.93%). Sample C1 had the highest SO3 content of all of the samples (1.88%), as a result of the precipitation of gypsum. The MnO (0.04%), P2O5 (0.04–0.05%), and TiO2 (0.20–0.23%) contents were less than 1.0%.
The porosity and pore size distribution frequency results are shown in Fig. 4. At the subflorescence site, the porosity increased from sample S2 to sample S1 (from 13.58% to 16.55%). At the crust site, the porosity showed less variation from sample C2 to sample C1 (from 9.29% to 9.61%). In general, the porosities and the proportions of macropores (> 1 μm) at the subflorescence site were much higher than those at the crust site.
Sulfur (δ34S) isotope analysis
The sulfur (δ34S) isotope results of samples S0, C0, and C1 from the Nankan Grotto are shown in Table 3. The sulfur contents of samples S1, S2, and C2 were too low to conduct sulfur (δ34S) isotope analysis. The δ34S values of samples S0, C0, and C1 were +14.9‰, +10.0‰, and +8.8‰, respectively.
Microscopic observations
In the subflorescence site, the quartz and feldspar surfaces were smooth in fresh sandstone sample S2 and the micro-structures of the minerals were intact (Fig. 5). The cement was mainly composed of siliceous materials. As the weathering progressed, the matrix was significantly dissolved in weathered sample S1. Sample S1 exhibited a more porous structure with looser contacts and less cementation between adjacent particles. Obvious microcracks had developed in the quartz and feldspar, making them more fragmented. Chlorite was observed on the edges of the feldspar, exhibiting an acicular texture. In salt crystal sample S0, clusters of spherical crystals of thenardite had precipitated on the mineral surfaces in a cauliflower-like shape.
The calcite contents of samples C1 and C2 from the crust site were much higher than those of samples S1 and S2 from the subflorescence site, which was consistent with the XRD results (Fig. 6). In fresh sample C2, the surfaces of the mineral grains were flat and well-bonded, so the micro-structures of the minerals were intact. The cement material in sample C2 was mainly composed of siliceous materials. Calcite was widely observed in the gaps between the minerals. As weathering proceeded, the mineral grains were loosely scattered, and trans-crystalline cracks were widely developed in the calcite and feldspar in weathered sandstone sample C1. The feldspar grains were severely altered, with densely distributed dissolution grooves and sericitization of the feldspar surfaces. In crust sample C0, the euhedral gypsum crystals exhibited tabular or clubbed shapes and were attached to the mineral surfaces.
Microscopic weathering mechanism of the subflorescence
Based on the mineralogical analyses (Table 1) and microscopic observations (Fig. 5), the development of the subflorescence was likely related to the salt crystallization. Compared to fresh rock sample S2, sample S0 had the highest calcite content in the subflorescence site (9.2 wt.%; Table 1), indicating that its calcite was a secondary precipitate. The calcite crystallization stress was sufficient to split the quartz grains and exceed the overburden load [23, 24]. Sample S0 also had a high thenardite (Na2SO4) content (8.3 wt.%; Table 1), which was also visible in the microscopic observations (Fig. 5g–h). This indicated that thenardite crystallized in the subflorescence site. There are two stable phases in the Na2SO4-H2O system: thenardite (Na2SO4) and mirabilite (Na2SO4·10H2O). Thenardite (Na2SO4) has been reported to precipitate directly from a solution at a temperature of > 32.4 °C, and it dissolves at a relative humidity of > 70% (20 °C). Below this temperature, the stable phase is mirabilite (Na2SO4·10H2O), and mirabilite rapidly dehydrates to thenardite at a relative humidity (RH) of < 71% (20 °C) [25,26,27]. Long-term changes in the temperature and relative humidity can lead to dissolution-crystallization cycles between mirabilite and thenardite. The precipitation of mirabilite or thenardite from a supersaturated solution would exert a large crystallization stress, which could exceed the tensile strength of sandstone [28]. Samples S2 and S1 had higher porosities and proportions of macropores (> 1 μm) (Fig. 4), which provided convenient channels for solution transportation and important sinks for salt precipitation. The cations (e.g., Ca2+ and Na+) and anions (e.g., CO32−) that formed calcite and mirabilite/thenardite were released from the weathering of primary minerals: Ca2+ and CO32− were released from the dissolution of calcite, and the weathering of albite and plagioclase to sericite or other clay minerals released Na+ and Ca2+ into the solution [29]. The SO42− in the solution was exogenous, as discussed in Sect. Possible sulfur sources for subflorescence and crust in the Nankan Grotto.
In addition, the clay mineral contents (mainly illite-smectite mixed layer and mica/illite) increased from sample S2 to sample S0 (Table 1), because of the weathering of the feldspar. Chlorite was also observed attached to the feldspar edges (Fig. 5e). The swelling clay minerals inflicted strong swelling/shrinking stress on the mineral boundaries, further widening the previously formed microcracks when they were hydrated and dehydrated [30, 31]. The crystallization stress of sodium sulfate and calcium carbonate was the main cause of the detachment of the outer rock layer, and the swelling/shrinking stress of the clay minerals was a secondary cause. As a result, subflorescence became visible on the newly exposed rock surface. The microscopic weathering mechanism of the subflorescence is shown in Fig. 7, and the development stages can be summarized as follows.
Stage I (Fig. 7a): The initial rock mass was fresh and complete, with no fissures. Water or vapor penetrated into the superficial rock, and then evaporation occurred, creating an area (a few centimeters deep) that repeatedly suffered dry-wet cycles.
Stage II (Fig. 7b): As the weathering proceeded, the weathering of the calcite and feldspar released cations (e.g., Ca2+, Na+) and anions (e.g., CO32−) into the solution [29]. There was also some SO42− in the solution. The dissolution of the calcite and feldspar generated convenient channels for solution transportation. In addition, the alteration of the feldspar generated many clay minerals attached to the feldspar surfaces.
Stage III (Fig. 7c): During the evaporation process, thenardite/mirabilite and calcite crystallized in the pore spaces and inflicted crystallization stress, resulting in the formation of microcracks in the rock mass. Swelling/shrinking stress was created by the hydration/dehydration of the clay minerals, which aggravated the expansion of the microcracks.
Stage IV (Fig. 7d): The abovementioned stresses contributed to the detachment of the outer rock layer, and subflorescence was visible on the newly exposed rock surface.
Microscopic weathering mechanism of the crust
In the crust site, gypsum was detected in samples C0 and C1 (Table 1) and was observed in sample C0 (Fig. 6g, h). Calcium sulfate generally occurs as anhydrite (CaSO4) under unsaturated solution conditions, and it is hydrated to gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), which is accompanied by increased volume and hardening [32, 33]. Compared to the calcite content of fresh rock sample C2, sample C0 exhibited the highest calcite content (15.1 wt.%; Table 1), suggesting that secondary calcite was re-precipitated in the crust. The calcite generally coexisted with the gypsum, as an intermediate layer between the surface gypsum and the host rock [2]. Ca2+ and CO32− were released from the dissolution of calcite, and the weathering of plagioclase also released Ca2+ into the solution [29]. The precipitation of calcite and gypsum on the rock surfaces led to the formation of the crust. The microscopic weathering mechanism of the crust is shown in Fig. 8, and the development stages can be summarized as follows.
Stage I (Fig. 8a): The initial rock mass was fresh and complete. The rock surface was subjected to frequent dry-wet cycles because of water or vapor penetration and evaporation.
Stage II (Fig. 8b): As weathering proceeded, the weathering of the calcite and feldspar released Ca2+ and CO32− into the solution [29]. There was also some SO42− in the solution. The dissolution of the calcite generated convenient channels for solution transportation.
Stage III (Fig. 8c): The Ca2+ migrated from the interior toward the outside of the sandstone during the drying process, and it combined with CO32− and SO42− to produce calcite and gypsum on the sandstone surfaces.
Possible sulfur sources for subflorescence and crust in the Nankan Grotto
The sulfur contents of fresh samples S2 and C2 were too low to conduct sulfur (δ34S) isotope analysis. Therefore, the sulfur in the subflorescence and crust was exogenous. There are three main sources of exogenous sulfur: regionally-transported sulfur (such as sea salt sulfur), natural biogenic sulfur, and anthropogenic sulfur. The δ34S of sea salt sulfur is + 21.0‰ [34]. The contents of the S species originating from sea salts were consistently very low because the Sichuan Basin is located approximately 700 km inland from the coast of China [35]. Biogenic sulfur can be supplied by marine and terrestrial sources, and it is mainly released in the forms of H2S and dimethylsulfur (DMS). Biogenic sulfur released from soils and wetlands was depleted in 34S [36]. The δ34S values of the biogenic sulfur reported in southern China have a narrow range of −3.0 to −2.0‰ [37]. Therefore, sea salt sulfur and biogenic sulfur were not possible S sources for the subflorescence and crust in the Nankan Grotto.
Anthropogenic emissions of sulfur from industrial and consumer processes generally exhibit a wide range of δ34S values depending on the sources (coal, oil, or gas). In southern China, coals usually have low δ34S values [37]. Coal has been reported to have a δ34S range of −6.1 to +7.4‰ in the Sichuan Basin [38]. In contrast, crude oil sampled from the four largest Chinese oil fields had higher δ34S values, ranging from +7.2 to +24.2‰ [39, 40]. The natural gas in Sichuan Basin had a high H2S content, and its δ34S value was about +17.4‰ [41]. The δ34S values of samples C1, C0, and S0 are within the δ34S value ranges of oil and natural gas. The sulfur contained in chemicals can also be classified as anthropogenic sulfur. The δ34S values of the fertilizers utilized in the Sichuan Basin were between −5.6 and +7.7‰ [38], which are lower than the δ34S values of samples C1, C0, and S0. The δ34S range of detergent was characterized by rather high δ34S values of +15.2 to +17.2‰ [38], which are consistent with the δ34S value of sample S0. There are many residents living on the Nankan mountainside, and their waste water, which contains detergent, was discharged directly into the groundwater. Therefore, the thenardite formed in the subflorescence site and the gypsum formed in the crust site were most likely derived from the soluble SO42− from detergents and the combustion of oil and natural gas.
Petrographic and environmental influences on the differential development of the subflorescence and crust
At the subflorescence site, the salts were thenardite and secondary calcite, which were secondary precipitates in the interior pores or fissures in the sandstone. At the crust site, the salts were gypsum and secondary calcite, which were secondary precipitates on the rock surface. What is the reason for such a difference? The authentic calcite content in the crust site was much higher than that in the subflorescence site (Table 1), providing more Ca2+ to preferentially form gypsum in the crust site. Previous studies have shown that thenardite generally crystallizes within pores [25], while gypsum generally precipitates on surfaces [10]. This contrasting behavior of the two sulfates can be explained by considering the differences in the flow dynamics of solutions within porous materials [42]. The solubilities of calcium sulfate and sodium sulfate at 25 °C are 0.21 g and 27.9 g in 100 g of distilled water, respectively [43]. This means that the saturated sodium sulfate solution had a higher viscosity than the calcium sulfate solution. Therefore, the calcium sulfate solution had a higher flow rate in the pores and reached the stone surface faster to precipitate gypsum. However, the saturated sodium sulfate solution might precipitate mirabilite or thenardite in the pores before it reaches the stone surface during evaporation.
When the solution transports one salt through a pore system, the salt might accumulate beneath the stone surface when the pores are small. However, the petrographic characteristics of the subflorescence and crust sites demonstrated that there were two different salt solutions at each site: a sodium sulfate solution was present in the pores of the subflorescence site, while a calcium sulfate solution was present in the pores of the crust site. Samples S2 and S1 had higher porosities and greater proportions of macropores (> 1 μm) than samples C2 and C1 (Fig. 4). Even though the microstructures were important in controlling the transport of salt solutions and the location of subsequent salt crystallization, the different physical properties of the calcium sulfate and sodium sulfate solutions at each site had crucial influences on the dynamics of the solution migration and evaporation, which resulted in thenardite crystallizing within the pores [25], while gypsum precipitated on the surface [10]. In addition, the macropores in the subflorescence site provided convenient channels for solution movement and important sinks for salt precipitation. In conclusion, the higher authentic calcite content in the crust site compared to the subflorescence site determined that gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) precipitated in the crust site whereas mirabilite/thenardite (Na2SO4·10H2O/ Na2SO4) precipitated in the subflorescence site.
In addition, the environments (i.e., the temperature, relative humidity, and airflow) of the subflorescence and crust sites determined the evaporation rates, which further influenced the super-saturation degree of the salt solution and the crystal growth rate [16]. The microenvironment in the Nankan Grotto might have influenced the distinct development of the subflorescence and crust patterns. Long-term microenvironmental monitoring will be conducted at the two sampling sites to adequately elucidate the influences of the environment on the different sandstone deterioration patterns. Therefore, the different petrographies, microstructures, and outside environments led to the differences in the types, amounts, and locations of the salt crystallization, thus jointly controlling the thenardite crystallization within the pores in the subflorescence site and the gypsum precipitation on the surface in the crust site.
Mineralogical, major element, sulfur isotope, and micro-structure analyses were conducted on samples of the sandstone in the Nankan Grotto. The main conclusions are as follows.
The mineralogical compositions of the samples from the subflorescence and crust sites were quartz, feldspar, calcite, and clay minerals. The calcite content in the crust site was much higher than that in the subflorescence site. The porosities and the proportions of macropores (> 1 μm) at the subflorescence site were much higher than those at the crust site.
According to the mineralogical and microscopic petrographic analyses, thenardite and calcite crystallized inside the rock, resulting in the formation of the subflorescence. The precipitation of gypsum and calcite on the surface resulted in the formation of the crust.
The sulfur isotope analysis revealed that the sulfur in the subflorescence and crust sites was most likely derived from anthropogenic sulfur, such as detergents and the combustion of oil and natural gas.
The differences in the mineralogy (especially the calcite content) of the sandstone laid the foundation for the distinct development of subflorescence and crust patterns. The different physical properties of the calcium sulfate and sodium sulfate solutions had crucial influences on the dynamics of the crystallization of these salts. In addition, the microstructure and environment influenced the thermodynamic conditions of the solutions. These factors ultimately leaded to the distinct development of subflorescence and crust patterns. This research revealed the microscopic weathering mechanism of the subflorescence and crust patterns from various perspectives, which provides a foundation for further investigation into the salt weathering mechanisms of stone heritage sites around the world.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Fitzner B, Heinrichs K. Damage diagnosis on stone monuments–weathering forms, damage categories and damage indices. Acta-Universitatis Carol Geologica. 2001;1:12.
Germinario L, Oguchi CT, Tamura Y, Ahn S, Ogawa M. Taya Caves, a buddhist marvel hidden in underground Japan: stone properties, deterioration, and environmental setting. Herit Sci. 2020;8(1):87.
Liu XB, Koestler RJ, Warscheid T, Katayama Y, Gu JD. Microbial deterioration and sustainable conservation of stone monuments and buildings. Nat Sustain. 2020;3(12):991–1004.
Ortega-Morales O, Montero-Muñoz JL, Neto JAB, Beech IB, Sunner J, Gaylarde C. Deterioration and microbial colonization of cultural heritage stone buildings in polluted and unpolluted tropical and subtropical climates: a meta-analysis. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad. 2019;143:104734.
Rihosek J, Bruthans J, Masin D, Filippi M, Carling GT, Schweigstillova J. Gravity-induced stress as a factor reducing decay of sandstone monuments in Petra, Jordan. J Cult Herit. 2016;19:415–425.
Zammit T, Cassar J. Investigating possible correlations between the porosimetry and insoluble residue content of Malta's Lower Globigerina Limestone. Bull Eng Geol Environ. 2015;76(1):59–70.
Stück HL, Platz T, Müller A, Siegesmund S. Natural stones of the Saale–Unstrut Region (Germany): petrography and weathering phenomena. Environ Earth Sci. 2018;77:300.
Temraz MG, Khallaf MK. Weathering behavior investigations and treatment of Kom Ombo temple sandstone, Egypt-based on their sedimentological and petrogaphical information. J Afr Earth Sc. 2016;113:194–204.
Martínez-Martínez J, Torrero E, Sanz D, Navarro V. Salt crystallization dynamics in indoor environments: Stone weathering in the Muñoz chapel of the cathedral of Santa María (Cuenca, central Spain). J Cult Herit. 2021;47:123–132.
Siedel H. Salt efflorescence as indicator for sources of damaging salts on historic buildings and monuments: a statistical approach. Environ Earth Sci. 2018;77(16):572.
Sun Q, Dong ZH, Jia HL. Decay of sandstone subjected to a combined action of repeated freezing–thawing and salt crystallization. Bull Eng Geol Environ. 2019;78(8):5951–5964.
Gázquez F, Calaforra J-M, Evans NP, Turchyn AV, Rull F, Medina J, Ros A, Llamusí JL, Sánchez J, Hodell DA. Physical weathering of carbonate host-rock by precipitation of soluble salts in caves: a case study in El Orón-Arco Cave (Region of Murcia SE Spain). Chem Geol. 2019;521:1–11.
Germinario L, Oguchi CT. Underground salt weathering of heritage stone: lithological and environmental constraints on the formation of sulfate efflorescences and crusts. J Cult Herit. 2021;49:85–93.
Roussel E, Vautier F, Voldoire O, André M-F, Cassar J, Fronteau G, Phalip B, Thomachot-Schneider C, Toumazet J-P. Quantifying 450 years of limestone weathering induced by salt crystallization on fortifications in Malta and Gozo. Geomorphology. 2021;378:107614.
Yan SJ, Xie N, Liu JH, Li L, Peng LZ, Jiang SW. Salt weathering of sandstone under dehydration and moisture absorption cycles: an experimental study on the sandstone from Dazu rock carvings. Earth Surf Proc Land. 2022;47(4):977–993.
Ruedrich J, Siegesmund S. Salt and ice crystallisation in porous sandstones. Environ Geol. 2007;52(2):225–249.
Grøntoft T, Cassar J. An assessment of the contribution of air pollution to the weathering of limestone heritage in Malta. Environ Earth Sci. 2020;79(12):288.
Marszalek M, Alexandrowicz Z, Rzepa G. Composition of weathering crusts on sandstones from natural outcrops and architectonic elements in an urban environment. Environ Sci Pollut Res. 2014;21(24):14023–14036.
Germinario L, Siegesmund S, Maritan L, Simon K, Mazzoli C. Trachyte weathering in the urban built environment related to air quality. Herit Sci. 2017;5:44–60.
ICOMOS. Illustrated glossary on stone deterioration patterns. Paris: ICOMOS, Monuments and Sites, XV. 2010.
Poppe LJ, Paskevich VF, Hathaway JC, Blackwood DS. A laboratory manual for X-ray powder diffraction. In: US Geological Survey Open File Report 01–041 US Geological Survey, MA. 2002.
Ling SX, Wu XY, Zhao SY, Liao XN. Evolution of porosity and clay mineralogy associated with chemical weathering of black shale: a case study of Lower Cambrian black shale in Chongqing, China. J Geochem Explor. 2018;188:326–339.
Buczynski C, Chafetz HS. Siliciclastic grain breakage and displacement due to carbonate crystal growth: an example from the Lueders formation (Permian) of north-central Texas, USA. Sedimentology. 1987;34:837–843.
Meng Q, Hooker J, Cartwright J. Displacive Widening of Calcite veins in Shale: insights into the force of crystallization. J Sediment Res. 2018;88(3):327–343.
Rodriguez-Navarro C, Doehne E. Salt weathering: influence of evaporation rate, supersaturation and crystallization pattern. Earth Surf Proc Land. 1999;24:191–209.
Rodriguez-Navarroa C, Doehnea E, Sebastianb E. How does sodium sulfate crystallize? Implications for the decay and testing of building materials. Cem Concr Res. 2000;30:1527–1534.
Tsui N, Flatt RJ, Scherer GW. Crystallization damage by sodium sulfate. J Cult Herit. 2003;4(2):109–115.
Thaulow N, Sahu S. Mechanism of concrete deterioration due to salt crystallization. Mater Charact. 2004;53:123–127.
Zhang XN, Ling SX, Wu XY, Wang FR, Wang J, Teng Q, Xie JW. Hydrochemistry process and microweathering behaviour of sandstone heritages in the Nankan Grotto, China: insights from field micro-observations and water–rock interaction experiments. Bull Eng Geol Environ. 2023;82:356.
Elert K, Rodriguez-Navarro C. Degradation and conservation of clay-containing stone: a review. Constr Build Mater. 2022;330:127226.
Butscher C, Mutschler T, Blum P. Swelling of Clay-Sulfate Rocks: a review of processes and controls. Rock Mech Rock Eng. 2015;49(4):1533–1549.
Sievert T, Wolter A, Singh NB. Hydration of anhydrite of gypsum (CaSO4.II) in a ball mill. Cem Concr Res. 2005;35:623–630.
Giustetto R, Pastero L, Aquilano D. Potential effects of the shape of gypsum aggregates on the early sulfation of marble and travertine. J Building Eng. 2020;32:101794.
Rees CE, Jenkins WJ, Monster J. The sulphur isotopic composition of ocean water sulphate. Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 1978;42(4):377–381.
Li XD, Masuda H, Ono M, Kusakabe M, Yanagisawa F, Zeng HA. Contribution of atmospheric pollutants into groundwater in the northern sichuan basin, China. Geochem J. 2006;40(1):103–119.
Wadleigh MA, Blake DM. Tracing sources of atmospheric sulphur using epiphytic lichens. Environ Pollut. 1999;106(3):265–271.
Xiao HY, Tang CG, Xiao HW, Liu XY, Liu CQ. Identifying the change in atmospheric sulfur sources in China using isotopic ratios in mosses. J Phys Res. 2009;114:D16304.
Li XD, Masuda H, Kusakabe M, Yanagisawa F, Zeng HA. Degradation of groundwater quality due to anthropogenic sulfur and nitrogen contamination in the Sichuan Basin, China. Geochem J. 2006;40(4):309–332.
Zheng B, Gao RX. Characteristics of carbon and sulfur isotopes in crude oil and oil-source correlation in the Tarim Basin (in chinese). Petroleum Geol Exp. 2006;28:281–285.
Maruyama T, Ohizumi T, Taneoka Y, Minami N, Fukuzaki N, Mukai H, Murano K, Kusakabe M. Sulphur isotope ratios of coals and oils used in China and Japan (in japanese). Chem Soc Japan. 2000;1:45–51.
Shen P, Xu YC, Wang JJ, Wang LS. Sulphur isotopic compositions of hydrogen sulphides in natural gases and the sedimentary geochemical facies (in chinese). Acta Sedimentol Sin. 1997;15:216–219.
Ruiz-Agudo E, Mees F, Jacobs P, Rodriguez-Navarro C. The role of saline solution properties on porous limestone salt weathering by magnesium and sodium sulfates[J]. Environ Geol. 2007;52(2):269–281.
Liu G, Ma L, Liu J. Handbook of chemistry and chemical properties. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press; 2002.
We greatly appreciate the field assistance and sample handling provided by Shiming Wang and Qiang Teng from Southwest Jiaotong University. We also would like to thank the colleagues of the Nankan Grotto Research Institute for their supports during field investigations.
This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42077271, 42377198), National Cultural Heritage Administration of China (No. 2020ZCK110), Sichuan Science and Technology Program (No. 2023YFS0364), Chengdu Science and Technology Program (2022-YF05-00240-SN).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Xuening Zhang wrote the main manuscript text and prepared Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. Sixiang Ling reviewed and edited the manuscript critically. Xiyong Wu prepared Figs. 1 and 2. Jiawen Xie prepared Fig. 9. All authors contributed to the research strategy, the discussion and interpretation of the results, and the final form of the text and figures. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, X., Ling, S., Wu, X. et al. Microscopic weathering mechanisms of subflorescence and crust patterns in the Nankan Grotto, northern Sichuan, China. Herit Sci 11, 181 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-023-01031-1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-023-01031-1


text:
Commercial Turtle Harvester License
A person who is licensed by the state to take, attempt to take, posses, transport, and sell commercial turtles.
Code Citation 482.2
Who Applies Any one wishing to harvest designated wild turtle species for the purpose of selling them.
When To Apply Any time during the calendar year.
Initial Requirements Must have tags attached to turtle gear with name, address or DNR license number.
Duration Annual renewal valid until January 10 of the succeeding calendar year.
Processing Time Two weeks.
Fee Structure Resident License – $102 Non resident License – $202
Renewal Requirements Submission of monthly reports to the DNR.
Exam None.
Additional Information None.
Services Provided
Service Category
- Service SubCategory
Karmin Klingenberg
502 E. 9th St
Des Moines, IA 50319
(515) 725-8200
[email protected]
Are you Karmin Klingenberg? Update your profile
Send Yourself a Magic Link
We will send you a link by mail that will sign you in instantly! The magic link email will be sent to the manager email address on file.


text:
Next page . . . . Previous page . . . . Speeches . . . . Contents . . . . Debates(HTML) . . . .
Legislative Assembly for the ACT: 2002 Week 2 Hansard (19 February) . . Page.. 353 ..
MR CORBELL (continuing):
in early March and that schools have been kept informed of the issues surrounding the delay in the provision of the reports.
Bail reform
MR STEFANIAK: My question is to the Attorney-General. Mr Attorney, last year, while you were still in opposition, the ALP was opposed to the extension of bail reform when bail legislation was being amended to deal with accused who had reoffended whilst on VATACs and summonses. Will the government now concede that the bail amendments passed last year in May and August in the Assembly have resulted in major reductions in crime, particularly by taking repeat offenders off the streets?
MR STANHOPE: Thanks for the question, Mr Stefaniak. I do recall the amendments that were passed, and I do recall that I had some concerns with them. I will not concede that they are the basis of the claims you make, Mr Stefaniak. I do not know what evidence you have. I do not know what rigorous assessment of reductions in crime you have carried out or have available to you that indicate that you have the capacity or the potential to say there has been a reduction in crime because of those amendments.
It is a long bow, I think, Mr Stefaniak. It is one view, certainly, but there are a whole range of views around. I would think perhaps one of the other views around is the fact that we are in the middle of a heroin drought. I think that would be a very significant reason for a reduction in crime in the ACT.
One thing I do remember about that period, Mr Stefaniak, is that you and your then leader combined as successive Attorneys-General to turn Canberra into the car theft and burglary capital of Australia. I understand that we still suffer from inordinately high car theft rates, a legacy of your stewardship of the territory. Some of the statistics I remember from the time are that under you and Mr Humphries the ACT had the highest burglary rate per capita in Australia-another legacy of you and Mr Humphries. The ACT also had the highest car theft rate in Australia-another legacy of you and Mr Humphries.
Mr Stefaniak: I take a point of order, Mr Speaker. He is absolutely, blatantly wrong, which I suppose I can correct later.
MR SPEAKER: Mr Stefaniak, I know you are having difficulty hearing the answer to the question, because all of your colleagues are busy interjecting and you seem to be pretty content. Everybody should sit quietly and wait for the answer to be completed. Are you finished, Chief Minister?
MR STANHOPE: I summarise by saying that there are a whole range of reasons that have affected crime rates in the ACT. There are some who suggest that amendments to the Bail Act are part of the reason. There are some who insist that the major change in the criminal profile at the moment is a result of the nature of drugs and the fact that there is far less heroin around. Significant numbers of injecting heroin users who were committing crimes here may have left the town or are now using different drugs. The nature of the crime scene, particularly the drug injecting crime scene, has changed fairly significantly.
Next page . . . . Previous page . . . . Speeches . . . . Contents . . . . Debates(HTML) . . . .


text:
ODESZA Launch Subsequent Album Single "Love Letter" w/ The Knocks, Announce Launch Date
As we speak, ODESZA introduced their fourth album: The Final Goodbye which will probably be launched July 22 by way of Overseas Household Collective/Ninja Tune. The album will probably be obtainable on vinyl, obtainable for pre-order right here.
In tandem, the most recent single off the challenge "Love Letter" that includes The Knocks, is out at the moment – a dynamic, emotive vocal chorus that serves as a private proclamation, dashing amongst curtains of orchestral synths. The observe joins earlier singles "The Final Goodbye" that includes Bettye LaVette and "Higher Now" that includes MARO to showcase an preliminary style of the breadth of the file, which Mills & Knight masterfully thread collectively – to create this expansive, but seamless cohesion discovered on the forthcoming full-length LP.
"Over the previous few years we've been capable of replicate on who we're, what it means to do what we do, and in the long run, who we're doing this for," stated ODESZA in regards to the forthcoming album. "We turned targeted and impressed by the affect our households and buddies have imprinted on us, and the way we wish to proceed to echo that out as we transfer by means of this life. We discovered consolation in the truth that those that we love stick with us, that they turn out to be intrinsically a part of us, in a approach."
Concerning the new single, the duo added, "The Knocks despatched us an unimaginable demo that we have been instantly drawn to. As soon as we began writing for the brand new file we rediscovered the music and felt prefer it embodied a lot of the sound we have been searching for. Over the subsequent couple of months we labored to develop the observe to its present kind. Impressed by the late 90's and early 2000's digital scene, we went about making an attempt to craft one thing that felt each timeless and fashionable."
Hear under.
"The Final Goodbye" Tracklist
1. This Model Of You (feat. Julianna Barwick)
2. Huge Awake (feat. Charlie Houston)
3. Love Letter (feat. The Knocks)
4. Behind The Solar
5. Forgive Me (feat. Izzy Bizu)
6. North Backyard
7. Higher Now (feat. MARO)
8. The Final Goodbye (feat. Bettye LaVette)
9. All My Life
10. Equal (feat. Låpsley)
11. Therapeutic Grid
12. I Can't Sleep
13. Gentle Of Day (feat. Ólafur Arnalds)
Picture by way of Alexander Babarikin


text: Home / Marvel • NEWS / What Other X-Men Character Was Going To Be In The Wolverine? Inquiring Minds Want To Know! Spoilery Goodness! What Other X-Men Character Was Going To Be In The Wolverine? Inquiring Minds Want To Know! Spoilery Goodness! mike August 14, 2013 Marvel, NEWS No Comments The Wolverine is out in theaters and at this point everyone knows the Jean Grey returned to haunt Logan. However, there was another original X-Men character that was going to make an appearance… co-writer Mark Bomback talked with Creativescreenwriting.com about the movie and said that Rogue almost made an appearance in the finished film. "I love Rogue and I just think that there's something about this idea that Rogue is tremendously empathetic but incapable of safe human contact. That always moved me and I thought that's what really got to the heart of what makes the X-Men franchise so unique. So I was trying to do something with Rogue in the script. I even had a set of ideas that the old man possessed a version of Rogue's power and that was going to be indicated by a white stripe in his hair.Eventually it became very goofy, and I threw it out because I started realizing throughout the script that it became more problematic than cool." "It's no accident to me that in the first X-Men film the first two mutants that you really see who have a connection are Wolverine and Rogue. There's something special between them, so I was trying to bring Rogue into it, but it just didn't get there. I regretted there wasn't a way to figure it out, but when I look at the film now, it would have stuck out if we tried to shoehorn her in there just because it was another character from the universe." Personally, I love Rogue and would have loved to see her in the film. Sigh… Share on Facebook Share this:TwitterFacebookEmailRedditLike this:Like Loading... Tweet Pin It Tags:anna paquin rogue, anna paquin wolverine, Autograph, autograph blog, autograph collector, autograph cool, autograph dealer, autograph encounters, autograph fan, autograph fans, autograph for sale, autograph forum, autograph new, autograph photo, autograph poster, autograph rare, autograph site, autograph website, autographing new york, best autograph signers, best place to buy autographs, best signers, big apple autographs, buy autographs, can I get autographs, celebrities signing, celebrities signing autographs, fanboy, fangirl, hollywood, hot aussie, hot fanboy, hot fangirl, how can I meet celebrities, how do I met celebrities, hugh jackman, Hugh Jackman 2013, Hugh Jackman aussie, hugh jackman hot, Hugh Jackman hot photo, hugh jackman hot photo shoot, Hugh Jackman hottie, hugh jackman les miserables, hugh jackman muscle, Hugh Jackman nakd, hugh jackman naked, hugh jackman promo, hugh jackman rare, hugh jackman sexy, hugh jackman sexy photo, hugh jackman sexy photo shoot, hugh jackman shirtless, Hugh Jackman shirtless wolverine poster, Hugh Jackman The Wolverine, Hugh Jackman The Wolverine 2013, Hugh Jackman the wolverine movie poster, Hugh Jackman The Wolverine one sheet, meet celebrities, meet celebrities in LA, meet celebrities in los angeles, meet hot stars, meet stars, meet stars in Hollywood, meet the famous, new movie poster, new promo poster, new wolverine poster, Rare, rogue in wolverine, rogue was in the wolverine, rogue was originally in the wolverine, rogue was supposed to be in the wolverine, sharpie, signature, signature forum, signature site, Signed, signed photo, signed rare, signing autographs in hollywood, signing celebrities, stars signing, stars signing autographs, the wolverine 2013, the wolverine 2013 movie poster, the wolverine movie poster, the wolverine movie poster teaser, the wolverine naked hugh jackman, the wolverine one sheet, the wolverine shirtless hugh jackman poster, the wolverine shirtless movie poster, the wolverine teaser movie poster, what are celebrities really like, where can I meet celebrities, where can I meet stars in hollywood, where do celebrities sign autographs, where do I meet celebrities, wolverine was supposed to have anna paquin in it About The Author mike Starting this website has been a labor of love. I love sharing my fandom experiences but more than that I love hearing everyone else's stories. I love hearing about conventions, movie locations, meet celebrities good and bad, I love it all. I sincerely hope you enjoy my exploits, the adventures of everyone who submits an article, and all the members of the Fanboy Family! Without everyone who writes and reads MTF there wouldn't be a site. This is truly for the fans, by the fans! Related Posts 2 The Critics Choice Movie Awards Nominees! Birdman Tops Along With Boyhood! The Grand Budapest Hotel! And More! 0 Tom Hiddleston Talks Thor: The Dark World And Which Avenger He Wants To Have A Rematch With! 0 The Avengers International Character Banner Posters! Iron Man! Thor! Captain America! The Hulk! Black Widow! and more! 0 SDCC 2016! Rogue One Star Wars Black Series Figure! Hasbro Exclusive! Leave a ReplyCancel reply