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Chorioretinitis also called retinochoroiditis, is an inflammatory process that involves the retina and the uveal tract of the eye (middle layer of eye), which consists of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. Chorioretinitis is usually caused by congenital viral, bacterial, or protozoal infections in neonates. Congenital toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection are the most common causes in this age group. Fungal infections are commonly identified, and emergent pathogens such as West Nile virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus have been described 1. In rare instances, chorioretinitis is part of a systemic noninfectious process.
The extent of ocular involvement depends on the organism. Bilateral focal or extensive exudative chorioretinitis or panuveitis may be seen in patients with Toxoplasma gondii infection. A single large choroidal lesion with extensive inflammation or endophthalmitis is usually observed in patients with Toxocara canis, whereas interstitial keratitis or iritis is most common in patients with Treponema pallidum. Strabismus and optic atrophy may accompany chorioretinitis caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV). The central retinal lesions of CMV cannot be clinically distinguished from those of toxoplasmosis. However, unlike congenital toxoplasma infection, the retinitis caused by CMV does not progress 2.
Vessel trauma caused by other organisms, such as Toxocara or Baylisascaris larvae, may be associated with severe inflammatory responses.
Chorioretinitis associated with congenital viral infections like cytomegalovirus (CMV) tends to be stable or improve in infancy, whereas chorioretinitis associated with asymptomatic congenital toxoplasmosis progresses for years after birth and is more likely to be clinically significant at an older age 3.
If chorioretinitis is left untreated or if chorioretinitis does not respond to treatment, severe chorioretinitis can result in partial or total loss of vision in the affected eye. Morbidity is due to concurrent damage to major organ systems, especially damage to the brain (eg, developmental delays, seizures). Mortality due to chorioretinitis depends on the nature and progression of the underlying illness.
Eye anatomy
The inside of your eye contains a vitreous gel and is covered by an outer part consisting of three layers:
- The sclera – the white part of the eye
- The uvea (middle choroid layer) is the middle layer of the eye which contains much of the eye's blood vessels to nourish the layers (see Figure 1)
- The innermost light sensitive layer – the retina. Retina is the layer of cells on the back, inside part of the eye that converts light into electrical signals sent to the brain.
Located between the sclera, the eye's white outer coat, and the inner layer of the eye, called the retina, the uvea consists of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. The middle choroid layer is made up of several components forming the uveal tract – the iris at the front, with the ciliary body near the front having muscles and ligaments to change the shape of the eye lens, and the choroid.
- Iris: The colored circle at the front of the eye. It defines eye color, secretes nutrients to keep the lens healthy, and controls the amount of light that enters the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil.
- Ciliary body: It is located between the iris and the choroid. It helps the eye focus by controlling the shape of the lens and it provides nutrients to keep the lens healthy.
- Choroid: A thin, spongy network of blood vessels, which primarily provides nutrients to the retina.
Uveitis disrupts vision by primarily causing problems with the lens, retina, optic nerve, and vitreous (see Figure 1).
- Lens: Transparent tissue that allows light into the eye.
- Optic Nerve: A bundle of nerve fibers that transmits electrical signals from the retina to the brain.
- Vitreous bdy: The fluid filled space inside the eye.
Inflammations that occur in the uveal layer are named with regard to where they are and they all end in "itis", after the Greek word for inflammation:
- Iritis – Inflammation at the iris.
- Uveitis – Inflammation of the uveal tract
- Anterior uveitis – in the front area, from the Greek word for "before"
- Posterior uveitis – at the rear of the eye – also called choroiditis
- Retinitis – at the light sensitive layer
When an inflammation involves both the choroid and retinal layers then it is given the name "chorioretinitis" or sometimes "retinochoroiditis".
Figure 1. Eye anatomy
Figure 2. Chorioretinitis (fundoscopic image)
Chorioretinitis causes
In most individuals with chorioretinitis, the history may or may not aid in establishing causal agents. For example, in patients with chorioretinitis associated with congenital infections, eliciting the maternal history of primary viral or flulike illnesses during pregnancy is usually not easy. Dietary habits (preference of raw meat) and pet care (cleaning cat litter box) may imply toxoplasmosis or contact with kittens (catscratch disease). Lack of immunizations in a pregnant woman may also provide some clues to the diagnosis (eg, rubella).
Although CMV is the most common congenital infection in the developed world, affecting approximately 1% of all infants born in the United States, only 10% of all infants born in the United States with congenital CMV infection have symptomatic disease at birth, including chorioretinitis 4.
Congenital disseminated infections such as CMV and toxoplasmosis may also manifest with extraocular findings such as intrauterine growth retardation, microcephaly, microphthalmia, cataract, uveitis, hearing defect, osteomyelitis, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, dermal erythropoiesis, carditis, and congenital heart disease.
Beyond the neonatal period, chorioretinitis can be diagnosed in diverse clinical conditions and can reflect newly acquired diseases or reactivation. Congenital toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of infectious chorioretinitis in immunocompetent children 5. Chorioretinitis can also result from a dissemination of parasitic infections like Toxocara or Baylisascaris (the raccoon roundworm) in immunocompetent patients 6. In severely immunodeficient patients, including those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), chorioretinitis may be associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), CMV, varicella-zoster virus, various fungi (eg, Candida, Aspergillus, Fusarium, dimorphic fungi), and Toxoplasma 7.
In addition, with increasing air travel and globalization, several emerging infectious diseases have been recognized as causing ocular disease, including retinitis, chorioretinitis, retinal vasculitis, and optic nerve involvement. These include rickettsiosis, Rift Valley fever, dengue fever, and Chikungunya virus 8.
Congenital infection
In immunocompetent children, chorioretinitis is usually associated with congenital infection; acquired infection is a less likely cause.
Toxoplasma gondii and CMV are the leading causes of congenital infections associated with chorioretinitis.
Viral causes include vertical or perinatal infections, including Herpes Simplex virus (HSV), rubella, varicella, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and, possibly flavivirus. With the recent increase in the incidence of congenital infection after being at a nadir since 1991, syphilis should be considered in an infant born with chorioretinitis whose mother has untreated or inadequately treated syphilis, particularly if she also has human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) 9.
Distinguishing these infections from perinatal transmission of other viral illnesses, including herpes simplex virus, hepatitis B, and HIV is important.
The risk of intrauterine infection is highest in infants of women with primary infection and is much less with recurrent infections.
Acquired chorioretinitis in immunocompetent children
Some children who ingest embryonated Toxoplasma canis or Baylisascaris procyonis eggs may develop visceral larva migrans or ocular larva migrans. Another acquired infection that may lead to chorioretinitis is Bartonella henselae 10. More than 90% of patients with catscratch disease have a history of recent contact with a cat, often a kitten, and 50-87% of these patients have been scratched.
Immunocompromised children
Chorioretinitis may be associated with systemic infection due to a vast array of pathogens. Any of the infections discussed above may be seen; however, the presentation in an immunocompromised individual may be atypical.
Other infections may include congenital or acquired Lyme disease, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis 11.
Invasive fungal infections may result from Candida,Cryptococcus species, and histoplasmosis 12.
A species of blackfly (Simulium species) can transmit onchocerciasis (in tropical Africa, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and parts of Latin America) 13.
Noninfectious disease
Systemic noninfectious disease, such as sarcoidosis, collagen vascular disease, chronic granulomatous disease, Behcet disease, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis may cause chorioretinitis 14.
Other possible noninfectious processes include chronic infantile, neurological, cutaneous, and articular syndrome (CINCA) syndrome, also known as neonatal onset multisystemic inflammatory disease 15.
Chorioretinitis symptoms
The signs and symptoms of chorioretinitis depend on the type of inflammation.
Symptoms of chorioretinitis include:
- Vision becoming blurred
- "Pink" eye associated with pain
- Sensitivity to light sources (photophobia)
- Tears being continually produced
- Imagining to see "floaters" – cobweb-like structures that seem to float across the eyes which are induced because of material in the vitreous gel of the eye
An unusual symptom and one that can indicate the presence of other diseases is any difference seen in photographs taken with a flash and where the eyes do not give the same configuration of "camera red eye".
Anyone suffering eye pain, severe light sensitivity, and any change in vision should immediately be examined by an ophthalmologist.
Chorioretinitis complications
A delay in the initiation of specific therapies for treatable causes of the patient with chorioretinitis results in further loss of vision especially in immunocompromised infants and children.
Chorioretinitis diagnosis
Diagnosis of chorioretinitis includes a thorough examination and the recording of the patient's complete medical history. Laboratory tests may be done to rule out an infection or an autoimmune disorder.
The eye exams used include:
- An Eye Chart or Visual Acuity Test. This test measures whether a patient's vision has decreased.
- A Funduscopic Exam. The pupil is widened (dilated) with eye drops and then a light is shown through with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope to noninvasively inspect the back, inside part of the eye.
- Ocular Pressure. An instrument, such a tonometer or a tonopen, measures the pressure inside the eye. Drops that numb the eye may be used for this test.
- A Slit Lamp Exam. A slit lamp noninvasively inspects much of the eye. It can inspect the front and back parts of the eye and some lamps may be equipped with a tonometer to measure eye pressure. A dye called fluorescein, which makes blood vessels easier to see, may be added to the eye during the examination. The dye only temporarily stains the eye.
Laboratory Studies
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV) types I and II, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), varicella, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are elicited by cultures or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or tissues. Immunoglobulin titers (immunoglobulin [Ig]G) from CNS fluid, serum, and other body fluids (particularly in a newborn) are of uncertain value, except for screening purpose in HIV vertical infection, toxoplasmosis, and West Nile virus infection. Positive values in a newborn may represent passive transfer of maternal antibody.
- Congenital rubella can infect infants of nonimmune individuals and is diagnosed by interpreting results of viral culture and IgM and IgG titers in both infants and mothers.
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is shed in the urine of infants who are congenitally infected, and diagnosis is indicated by positive urine culture results in infants younger than 3 weeks. In immunodeficient hosts, a CMV antigenemia test using a peripheral blood sample is helpful in establishing recurrence or infection. The CMV antigenemia uses immunofluorescent assay on buffy coat polymorphonuclear cells to detect CMV-infected cells. CMV-PCR is also being increasingly used, although at the present time its interpretation in congenital infection remains unclear.
- Toxoplasma species are detected by specific IgA, IgM, IgG, Sabin-Feldman dye test, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Document Toxoplasma status of pregnant women and individuals who are immunocompromised.
- Lyme disease is detected by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay of CSF and serum. The presence of specific IgM and IgG on Western blot result of serum may be significant for diagnosis and staging of infection.
- Yersinia species are detected by special stool culture and acute and convalescent IgG titers.
- Syphilis is detected by using serology tests (eg, nontreponemal rapid plasma reagent, Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test in CSF) and specific treponemal tests (eg, fluorescein treponemal antibody absorption, microhemagglutination-Treponema pallidum).
- Mantoux skin test, acid-fast stain, and cultures of bronchial washings or biopsy samples of tissues detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis-PCR is available in many reference laboratories to detect the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from biopsy and tissue samples, blood, and CSF. The QuantiFERON tuberculosis (TB) test, which measures lymphocyte interferon response to tuberculosis antigen, may aid in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
- Toxocariasis serology can be tested by using an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed by using a specific Western blot (available from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]).
- Several serology tests for catscratch disease have been developed, including indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) testing, which shows good correlation with strict clinical criteria. Demonstration of rising IgG titer provides the best evidence of infection.
- Baylisascaris tests can be performed using serum and CSF. ELISA and Western blot are available from the Department of Veterinary Pathobiology at Purdue University.
Other studies
- Nitroblue tetrazolium test (or flow cytometry with dihydrorhodamine) is used to detect chronic granulomatous disease. In a healthy host, 95% or more of neutrophils produce superoxide radicals. In a host with a typical X-linked chronic granulomatous disease, fewer than 5% of neutrophils have such ability.
- Vertical HIV infection is suggested by hypergammaglobulinemia and a depressed CD4+ T-cell count. An HIV DNA PCR of the newborn can be used to confirm diagnosis of HIV infection in the presence of maternal antibodies. Testing with DNA PCR should be done when the infant is aged 2 weeks, 1 month, and 4 months in all infants at risk for vertical HIV infection.
- Some experts also recommend obtaining an HIV DNA polymerase chain reaction test at birth. For children aged 18 months and older, an HIV antibody test should be used.
- Perform a skin biopsy for rare cases of dermal hematopoiesis (blueberry muffin infant syndrome) in patients in whom congenital CMV or congenital toxoplasmosis is suspected.
Imaging Studies
- A pediatric ocular imaging system (RetCam3) may be used in newborns, infants, and uncooperative children.
- Perform sonography, CT scanning, and/or MRI of the CNS or specific organs in patients in whom congenital infections are suspected or in an immunocompromised host.
- Perform chest radiography, CT scanning, or both in patients in whom TB or sarcoidosis is suspected. CT scanning is helpful in identifying sites on which to perform biopsy for diagnostic purposes.
- Perform CT scanning of the abdomen for hepatic or splenic dissemination of disease.
- Perform radiography or bone scanning of the skeleton in patients in whom syphilis is suspected.
- Perform echocardiography in patients with congenital rubella infection.
Chorioretinitis treatment
Care for individuals with chorioretinitis is complex and requires thorough consideration of short-term and long-term care and goals to maintain quality of life 16.
Available treatment options for specific causes of chorioretinitis are as follows:
- Antivirals: Four drugs have been licensed for the systemic treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. These include ganciclovir, valganciclovir (oral prodrug of ganciclovir), foscarnet, and cidofovir. Fomivirsen is licensed for intravitreal administration to treat CMV retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Newer drugs such as maribavir, which has the potential to be useful in ganciclovir-resistant strains of CMV, are under clinical investigation 2.
- For children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the drug of choice for initial treatment for CMV retinitis is intravenous ganciclovir. Oral valganciclovir is an option primarily for older children who are able to receive the adult dose and tablet formulation of valganciclovir. An alternative to treat CMV disease or for use in ganciclovir-resistant CMV infections in children with HIV is foscarnet. Combination therapy with ganciclovir and foscarnet delays progression of retinitis in certain patients failing monotherapy and can be used as initial therapy among children with sight-threatening disease. Intravenous ganciclovir and foscarnet may also be considered in initial therapy of CMV CNS disease. However, combination therapy is associated with substantial rates of adverse effects.
- Several agents are used to treat toxoplasmosis. Treatment with antiparasitic drugs is effective for active infections but not for the encysted form. The classic treatment includes triple drug therapy with pyrimethamine (0.5-1 mg/kg/day), sulfadiazine (120-150 mg/kg/day), and prednisone. Concurrent folinic acid helps to minimize bone marrow toxicity produced by the pyrimethamine. High-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and mass spectrometric detection has been developed for monitoring the plasma levels of pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine during treatment using a small amount of plasma (25 mcL). This may be helpful in determining the relationship between plasma concentrations and treatment efficacy 17. Alternative antibiotic treatments include atovaquone (40 mg/kg/d has been used in adults, no dosage for children), azithromycin (5 mg/kg/day) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (40 mg/kg/day sulfamethoxazole, 8 mg/kg/day trimethoprim). Adjunctive clindamycin (20 mg/kg/day) is used for coverage against the encysted form. Treatment duration for congenital infection is typically 1 year. Prevention of fetal infection after maternal Toxoplasma seroconversion during pregnancy is attempted with spiramycin administration. A 60% decrease has been reported in the congenital infection rate in patients who received this treatment; however, it does not ameliorate the fate of infants who are infected.
- Catscratch disease is usually a self-limited disease in immunocompetent patients. Bartonella henselae is sensitive to many antibiotics in vitro, but only aminoglycosides have bactericidal activity. In immunocompetent patients, doxycycline at 200 mg/day is usually administered because of its property to cross the blood-brain and blood-ocular barrier. Caution should be used if administered to children because it may cause dental changes. Ciprofloxacin (1.5 g/day), gentamicin (3-5 mg/kg/day), erythromycin (20-50 mg divided into 3 doses; adults, 2 g/day), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (40 mg/kg/day sulfamethoxazole, 8 mg/kg/day trimethoprim) are good alternatives and, like doxycycline, are usually given for 14-28 days. Immunodeficient patients need a more prolonged course of treatment, usually as long as 4 months. Steroids are also indicated for ocular disease 18.
- Treatment of chorioretinitis due to fungal infections can be difficult and prolonged. Intravitreous amphotericin B (5-10 mcg) has been used to treat serious fungal chorioretinitis.
- Candida species infection: Fluconazole (6-12 mg/kg/d) and amphotericin B (0.75-1 mg/kg/d) has been recommended as preferred antifungals for treatment of Candida endophthalmitis. New-generation triazoles (eg, voriconazole, posaconazole, ravuconazole) are changing the conventional approach to fluconazole-resistant Candida strains, as well as the approach to fungal endophthalmitis. Caspofungin is the first echinocandin approved to treat fungal endophthalmitis. Concomitant systemic caspofungin and voriconazole therapy has successfully treated endophthalmitis due to Candida albicans 19. Experimental intraocular voriconazole (≤ 25 mcg/mL) has been used for azole-resistant Candida infection with some success.
- Ocular histoplasmosis: Treatment is limited to photocoagulation of neovascular membranes, particularly when the macula is threatened. Antifungal therapy has no role in treatment of this disease because no actively replicating organisms are present. Amphotericin B is used to treat systemic disease (0.75-1 mg/kg/day) 20.
- Cryptococcus species infection: Amphotericin B (0.75-1 mg/kg/day) is used.
- Antituberculosis drugs are administered in patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and include isoniazid (10-30 mg/kg/day), rifampicin (10-20 mg/kg/day), pyrazinamide (30 mg/kg/day), and ethambutol (15 mg/kg/day). Other drugs, such as aminoglycosides and quinolones, may be used for treatment of drug-resistant organisms. Duration of therapy depends on the extent of the disease and on the immune status of the host.
- Anthelmintics, including diethylcarbamazine (6 mg/kg/day), albendazole (400 mg oral twice daily), and mebendazole (100-200 mg oral twice daily), are usually administered with corticosteroids in patients with toxocariasis or baylisascariasis.
Etiologic treatments may not alter the clinical course of chorioretinitis because the pathologic changes may be due to an inflammatory and/or immunologic response instead of infection.
Treatment of other infectious causes, such as syphilis, yersiniosis, neuroborreliosis, depends on extent of disease but is likely to be successful in most patients.
Eye symptoms can be treated as follows:
- Steroids may have a role in the acute management of many vasculitides, collagen vascular diseases, or sarcoidosis; in some infectious processes (eg, Mycobacterium tuberculosis); or in some cases infections caused by Toxoplasma species.
- Laser treatment of retinal lesions is used in certain conditions with good results.
Surgical care
Vitrectomy is usually not needed and is reserved for severe cases that are resistant to conservative medical treatment.
References- Zinkernagel MS, Bolinger B, Krebs P, Onder L, Miller S, Ludewig B. Immunopathological basis of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-induced chorioretinitis and keratitis. J Virol. 2009 Jan. 83(1):159-66.
- Nassetta L, Kimberlin D, Whitley R. Treatment of congenital cytomegalovirus infection: implications for future therapeutic strategies. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2009 May. 63(5):862-7.
- Chorioretinitis. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/962761-overview
- Stagno S, Britt W, et al. Cytomegalovirus Infections. Remington J, Klein J, Wilson C, eds. Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2006. 739-81.
- Hall BR, Oliver GE, Wilkinson M. A presentation of longstanding toxoplasmosis chorioretinitis. Optometry. 2009 Jan. 80(1):23-8.
- Wise ME, Sorvillo FJ, Shafir SC, Ash LR, Berlin OG. Severe and fatal central nervous system disease in humans caused by Baylisascaris procyonis, the common roundworm of raccoons: a review of current literature. Microbes Infect. 2005 Feb. 7(2):317-23.
- Egli A, Bergamin O, Mullhaupt B, et al. Cytomegalovirus-associated chorioretinitis after liver transplantation: case report and review of the literature. Transpl Infect Dis. 2008 Feb. 10(1):27-43.
- Khairallah M, Chee SP, Rathinam SR, Attia S, Nadella V. Novel infectious agents causing uveitis. Int Ophthalmol. 2010 Oct. 30(5):465-83.
- Woods CR. Congenital syphilis-persisting pestilence. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009 Jun. 28(6):536-7.
- Reed JB, Scales DK, Wong MT, Lattuada CP Jr, Dolan MJ, Schwab IR. Bartonella henselae neuroretinitis in cat scratch disease. Diagnosis, management, and sequelae. Ophthalmology. 1998 Mar. 105(3):459-66.
- Babu RB, Sudharshan S, Kumarasamy N, Therese L, Biswas J. Ocular tuberculosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006 Sep. 142(3):413-8.
- Andreola C, Ribeiro MP, de Carli CR, Gouvea AL, Curi AL. Multifocal choroiditis in disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006 Aug. 142(2):346-8.
- Ament CS, Young LH. Ocular manifestations of helminthic infections: onchocersiasis, cysticercosis, toxocariasis, and diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2006 Spring. 46(2):1-10.
- Chalumeau M, Monnet D, Brezin AP, et al. Chorioretinal lesions as the unique feature of complete chronic granulomatous disease in an 8-year-old girl. Eur J Pediatr. 2007 Oct. 166(10):1069-70.
- Rigante D, Stabile A, Minnella A, et al. Post-inflammatory retinal dystrophy in CINCA syndrome. Rheumatol Int. 2009 May 8.
- Chorioretinitis Treatment & Management. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/962761-treatment
- Johannessen JK, Christiansen I, Schmidt DR, Petersen E, Hansen SH. Simultaneous determination of pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine and N-acetyl-sulfadiazine in plasma for monitoring infants in treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2005 Jan 4. 36(5):1093-8.
- Accorinti M. Ocular bartonellosis. Int J Med Sci. 2009. 6(3):131-2.
- Shah CP, McKey J, Spirn MJ, Maguire J. Ocular candidiasis: a review. Br J Ophthalmol. 2008 Apr. 92(4):466-8.
- Prasad AG, Van Gelder RN. Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2005 Dec. 16(6):364-8.


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Audition To Be In A Music Video With The Cast Of 'Pitch Perfect' (VIDEO)
Hey everyone! I recently had an awesome opportunity to partake in a contest for Universal Pictures' comedy Pitch Perfect. It's a contest where fans have a chance to star in a music video alongside the film's cast and YouTube sensation Mike Tompkins (who has more than 550,000 subscribers on his channel) In the music video you'll be performing an a cappella cover of the Nicki Minaj hit "Starships" which will be featured on the Blu- ray DVD realease of Pitch Perfect. Check out more details & my audition in the video below!
[brightcove id=1789484605001 type=videoPlayer autoplay=0]
For contest/ entry submission go to www.pitchperfectmovie.com/musicvideo
Submissions must be recieved by Wednesday August 22nd
So what are you waiting for? Go audtion!

subset: commoncrawl


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This informs the public about the CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars Program 2024/2026 for Early Career Researchers. Details about the Program are given below.
About CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars Program 2024
Expand your network, collaborate across disciplines, and explore cutting-edge ideas with unrestricted research support. Join our community of international researchers addressing the most important questions facing science and humanity.
Program Details
Interdisciplinary interactions
Pursuing the most exciting and important research questions requires scholars who can move beyond their own research areas to take a fresh look at a problem.
CIFAR helps early-career researchers think and work outside their silos by facilitating dialogue between diverse disciplines and immersing them in our research programs for a truly enriching experience.
Leadership development
Excellent management and communication skills will be key to success in the demanding and competitive world of research.
Through annual meetings of CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars from across CIFAR's research programs, and additional learning experiences, CIFAR creates a variety of training opportunities on themes related to leadership development.
Engagement in global communities
Tomorrow's research leaders must effectively engage key stakeholders in their communities, in government, industry, or the general public to both inform and disseminate their work.
We provide early-career researchers opportunities to increase the impact of their research by interacting with leaders both within and outside of academia.
Register here to attend a Virtual Open House on September 6, 2023 from 11:00 AM to 12:00 PM Eastern Daylight Time to hear more about this program and how to apply. CIFAR Staff and program alumni will be on hand to answer your questions and provide program highlights.
For those interested in CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars Program 2024. Open this link to start the application process.
Application Deadline
- The deadline for receipt of applications is 30 October 2023.
Open this link for more details about Scholars Program 2024.
Check Out:
- Nelson Mandela Children's Efeng Bacha Leadership Programme 2023-2024
- LeadNext Ambassadors for a Global Future Programme 2024
- Goshen Impact Fund Entrepreneurship Programme 2023


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Analyzing Hard Data Gives You Good Insight to Your Success
"Content marketing is a commitment, not a campaign." That's the motivation to use social media analytics for translating data into effective execution.
James L Katzaman
Analytics help paint a complete picture of how far you've come
"Content marketing is a commitment, not a campaign."
Those words have stuck with Daniel Odaka, a digital marketer since 2015. He's worked with companies like The New Vision and fireworks advertising offering digital advice, along with brands like Pepsi Ug, Mirinda, Mountain Dew and Mastercard Foundation.
He brought his broad experience to Africa Tweet Chat where he talked about social media analytics and translating numbers to effective execution.
Truth lies in the data
Knowing how to use info gleaned online will help businessesblog.markgrowth.com
Every day Odaka monitors specific metrics on social media.
"I track reach, engagement, following and impressions," he said. "However, your reason for using social media will educate the metrics to follow. If it is for awareness, then reach and impressions are it. If you are looking to engage, then engagement is it.
"Tracking based on a purpose is very key to avoid collecting a lot of data you will not use," Odaka said. "Conversions are important. It's amazing that for each brand or business, conversions look different. For some, it is a sale, while for others it is a sign-up."
Certain types of social media content converts best.
"This varies depending on the platform," Odaka said. "On Twitter, opinions with humor backed with a video or GIF will get more people to act. On Facebook, an informative post with a still image works. Instagram favors short videos showing aspirational content."
Putting Data Into Context
Data by itself is useless until turned into information.
"You have to put the data into context that is valuable to your brand or business," Odaka said.
"For example, you got a reach of 500,000 in November," he said, breaking the data into context:
- How many are female versus male?
- Where are they located?
- How old are they?
- How many people were reached versus last month?
- How many of those reached this month were reached last month?
Odaka has seen many businesses make common social media marketing mistakes.
"Often, businesses make decisions based only on social media information instead of insight," he said.
"Information is great, but it is not the end product of analytics," Odaka said. "After information, you derive insights. Then you derive recommendations. Insights are the 'Why' of analytics. That is where the decisions need to be made."
Analysis Based on Goals
Another misstep is chasing vanity metrics without defining goals well in advance or knowing how to evaluate and interpret the metrics you're trying to measure.
"Many businesses look at the social media analytics information as the execution roadmap," Odaka said. "Yet, that is just one step to it."
Top marketers know how to turn analytics to success.
"You need to understand the process and be intentional with what you want for your business or brand," Odaka said.
He breaks the process to turn analytics into success into four points:
- Data creates information.
- Information gives insights.
- Insights give recommendations.
- Recommendations become effective executions.
Odaka has seen a couple successful social media campaigns.
"The first is the Volvo XC40 WhatsApp Test Drive campaign," he said. "The company used insights from trends to create a campaign that rode on content. It was fun, unique and effective."
"The other is the British army's recruitment drive to get more millennials to enlist," Odaka said. "They used content to preach belonging and make the army an attractive job. The campaign has been refreshed every year since 2019."
About The Author
Jim Katzaman is a manager at Largo Financial Services and worked in public affairs for the Air Force and federal government. You can connect with him on Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn.
James L Katzaman
Jim Katzaman is a charter member of the Tealfeed Creators' program, focusing on marketing and its benefits for companies and consumers. Connect with him on Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn as well as subscribing here on Tealfeed.
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How much does Delivering A title Financing Will cost you
This type of improves is also praise a precarious funding pricing. Since your automobile can be regarded as a trade-inside vehicle, their worth rapidly lowers. For instance, because expressed of the Consumer Federation out of America, you could pay $63 in order to $181 to own a single-day $five hundred label get better. Every month financing costs out-of twenty-five% (300% annual intrigue) is important.


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'Wonka' Gets a Digital Release: Here's Where to Watch It Online
If you purchase an independently reviewed product or service through a link on our website, The Hollywood Reporter may receive an affiliate commission.
Even though the movie is still in theaters, Wonka — which stars Golden Globe nominee Timothée Chalamet, Calah Lane, Keegan-Michael Key, Sally Hawkins, Rowan Atkinson, Olivia Colman and Hugh Grant — is now available to watch on demand at home.
More from The Hollywood Reporter
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The prequel movie is available to buy or rent in 4K Ultra HD at Prime Video, Apple TV and other transactional video-on-demand platforms. Keep reading below for more details on where to stream Wonka online.
Where to Stream Wonka Online
Distributed by Warner Bros., Wonka is expected to stream on Max (formerly HBO Max) after its current theatrical run is over. Parent company Warner Bros. Discovery has yet to announce a streaming release date. Most Warner Bros. films — like Barbie, The Nun II and Blue Beetle — were available to stream on Max between three and four months after their theatrical debut, so you'll likely be able to stream Wonka there sometime in April.
In the meantime, Wonka in 4K Ultra HD is available digitally to buy for $25 or to rent for $20 on Prime Video, Apple TV and other video-on-demand platforms. Tickets to see the film in theaters are still available at Fandango.com and elsewhere.
Where to Watch Willy Wonka Movies Online
If you want to watch the original Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory starring Gene Wilder, or the Tim Burton remake Charlie and the Chocolate Factory starring Johnny Depp, both films are available to stream on Max, but only for subscribers. They're also available to buy on digital at TVOD services.
Here's where to watch the other Willy Wonka movies online:
Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory (1971) — stream on Max; buy on Apple TV, Prime Video
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005) — stream on Max; buy on Apple TV, Prime Video
Not a Max subscriber? Max is $9.99 per month for the ad-supported plan, $15.99 per month for the Ad-Free package or $19.99 monthly for the Ultimate Ad-Free tier with 4K video quality.
Max subscribers can access hundreds of movies and TV series, such as Avatar: The Way of Water, Barbie, Blue Beetle, Dune, Succession, Barry, The Gilded Age and more. Additionally, subscribers can watch live sports with B/R Sports with NBA, NHL and other sports leagues.
Where to Buy the Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Novel
The Wonka prequel movie is based on the best-selling novel Charlie and the Chocolate Factory by Roald Dahl. It was first published in 1964.
It's available at Amazon as a paperback for $5 (reg. $9), as a Kindle ebook for $8 and as an audiobook for $11.49 (reg. $22.50) on Audible.
'Charlie and the Chocolate Factory'
$5.09 $8.99 43% off
Not an Audible member? Sign up for a 30-day free trial and get two free audiobooks (including Charlie and the Chocolate Factory). The service usually auto-renews at $14.99 per month. Learn more about Audible here.
Where to Buy Willy Wonka Movies Online
Want to own the other Willy Wonka movies on disc? The original movie in the franchise is on DVD for $10, Blu-ray for $15 and 4K Ultra HD for $17 (reg. $35) via Amazon.
'Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory'
$16.99 $34.98 51% off
Meanwhile, the Tim Burton remake from 2005 is on DVD for $5 (reg. $15) and Blu-ray for $9 (reg. $10) from Amazon, too. In addition, you can get both movies in a Blu-ray combo pack for $10 from the retail giant.
'Charlie and the Chocolate Factory'
$5 $14.97 67% off
$8.99 $9.98 10% off
Directed by Paul King, Wonka follows a young and naive Willy Wonka (Timothée Chalamet) arriving in England to pursue his dreams of opening a chocolate shop. Although he quickly learns that life in a big city is rough and full of obstacles, Wonka remains hopeful and kind that his dreams will come true.
The film also stars Calah Lane, Keegan-Michael Key, Paterson Joseph, Matt Lucas, Mathew Baynton, Sally Hawkins, Rowan Atkinson, Jim Carter, Natasha Rothwell, Olivia Colman, Hugh Grant and others.
Best of The Hollywood Reporter


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Let's go back to the 'Hard Candy' era in 2008 with 64 press clippings that have just been added to its page!
From various reviews of the studio album to magazine covers and live coverage of the promotional gigs. Brand new articles and others that were previously online have been re-watermarked and enhanced.
Check them out HERE


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What do we do without handbags? Handbags add to the ambiance and beauty of a person, especially a woman. Maybe that's why handbags are so hot after all these years. There have been virtually all kinds, all sizes, colors and shapes. Some are relatively cheap, some are very cheap and some are very expensive.
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WordPress 2023: The Complete WordPress Website Course | Most popular WordPress course
WordPress 2023: The Complete WordPress Website Course | Most popular WordPress course |
Summary of what you'll learn?
How WordPress works and why it uses PHP as its primary language.
You will learn in detail about Domain, Hosting, and Xampp for running WordPress
Manual and Auto Installation of WordPress
Creation and integration of databases with WordPress
WordPress Basic Settings
How to Choose a Perfect WordPress Theme for your business
How to build a personal/resume site with WordPress
What are the WordPress plugins and how to use them
How to build professional blogs with WordPress
How to build a Corporate style business website with WordPress
How to set up an eCommerce site (online store) and sell your products using WordPress and WooCommerce
What is Paypal and how to integrate WordPress with API to receive payments
What is Stripe and how to integrate WordPress with API to receive Credit Card Payments
How to register your custom post type in WordPress
How to add custom fields in WordPress
How to build a template in WordPress
How to build archive templates in WordPress
How to optimize your WordPress website for SEO
Paid Hosting, Plugins, and themes recommended in this course:
1. Bluehost web hosting: worth $65. (you can also go with a free method, explained in the course)
2. Elementor pro plugin: worth $59. (You can go with the free version if you do not wish to buy that, however, the 5th project requires you to purchase that).
What This Course Does NOT Include:
This course is a 100% complete "Front End course" and does NOT cover WordPress Backend PHP Programming.


text:
= PDF Reprint, = BibTeX entry, = Online Abstract
A. Borji, D. N. Sihite, L. Itti, Computational Modeling of Top-down Visual Attention in Interactive Environments, In: Proc. British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC 2011), pp. 85.1-85.12, Sep 2011. [2011 acceptance rate: 31.8%] (Cited by 52)
Abstract: Modeling how visual saliency guides the deployment of attention over visual scenes has attracted much interest recently - among both computer vision and experimental/computational researchers - since visual attention is a key function of both machine and biological vision systems. Research efforts in computer vision have mostly been focused on modeling bottom-up saliency. Strong influences on attention and eye movements, however, come from instantaneous task demands. Here, we propose models of top-down visual guidance considering task influences. The new models estimate the state of a human subject performing a task (here, playing video games), and map that state to an eye position. Factors influencing state come from scene gist, physical actions, events, and bottom-up saliency. Proposed models fall into two categories. In the first category, we use classical discriminative classifiers, including Regres- sion, kNN and SVM. In the second category, we use Bayesian Networks to combine all the multi-modal factors in a unified framework. Our approaches significantly outperform 15 competing bottom-up and top-down attention models in predicting future eye fixations.
Themes: Model of Bottom-Up Saliency-Based Visual Attention, Model of Top-Down Attentional Modulation, Computational Modeling, Human Psychophysics
Copyright © 2000-2007 by the University of Southern California, iLab and Prof. Laurent Itti.
This page generated by bibTOhtml on Tue 09 Jan 2024 12:10:23 PM PST


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Jada Kingdom Conceals Former Boyfriend Nas EBK's Name in New Wrist Tattoo
Jada Kingdom recently got new tattoos that cover up the name of Nas EBK, her former boyfriend, implying that she has moved on from their prior relationship. The pair began dating in 2020, not long after she split from music producer Verse Simmonds.
The singer of "GPP" uploaded a video of her tattoo artist painting over Nas' name, which was etched on her wrist.
The newly sketched ink seemed to be Saturn, surrounded by a lovely ring of clouds that are a stunning combination of navy and sky blue. The exotic design, which covered her entire wrist, was completed with white crosses.
After the singer disclosed that she had an unfortunate miscarriage, Jada Kingdom and Nas EBK split up in the latter part of last year. Although the details of their split remained a secret, there were rumours that Nas had planned to pop the question to Jada while they were vacationing in Kingston, Jamaica.
Nas expressed his love and admiration for Jada, eventually stating it was a commitment ring.
Nas EBK seemed to be lamenting his relationship with Jada last week; however, he also gave off the impression of a budding romance.
"Sometimes I get sick of this star shi, gone grip on my knock regardless. Tried to be a playa, I fumbled wit Jada took a L, left me heartless 💔, let's take it back to the start bihh," he posted via Instagram with multiple white heartbroken emojis.


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Programme. International Conference. Smart Specialization
Innovative leaven from the northern CETC-EGTC corridor head
Conference on smart specialisation 7 Septemeber 2015 in Lund, Sweden
Elite Hotel Ideon
Scheelevägen 27, SE-223 63 Lund
Tfn: +46 (0)46 287 11 00
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Draft Program
8.30 Registration, coffee
9.00 Welcome by Ms Mätta Ivarsson, Chair of Regional Development Committee, Region Skåne
9.10 Smart specialisations in the Central European Transport Corridor by Mr Krzysztof Żarna, CETC-EGTC Ltd. Director
9.20 Presentation of International Innovation Strategy by Region Skåne. Strategy, cooperation processes, focus areas, results and experiences.
Lennart Svensson, Region Skåne
Open floor for comments from CETC member regions
10.15 Introduction to study tour
NN, Region Skåne
10.30 Coffee break
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Guided by European Spallation Source ESS AB
12.00 Lunch
13.00 Sustainable urban development, inspirational speech by Mr Ilmar Reepalu, Deputy chair of Regional Development Committee and former Mayor of Malmö
13.20 Interactive session
Moderated by Region Skåne
- Innovative logistics
- Smart sustainable cities
- Food
Coffee break
15.45 Summary by Mr Pontus Lindberg, Deputy chair of Regional Development Committe, Region Skåne
16.00 End of conference
To register please send an email with your first name, last name, address, and phone number to Andrzej Dryjański at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Fraser Health has issued a "drug alert" after multiple samples of crack cocaine have tested positive for fentanyl in New Westminster.
The alert, issued on Tuesday, Aug. 29, advises people to look out for each other. If someone overdoses, they are advised to call 911 and stay with them, give one breath every five seconds and give naloxone.
An email being circulated to local non-profits states that white waxy chunks sold as crack cocaine have tested positive for fentanyl.
Nick Eagland, a senior communications consultant in public affairs, said the alert was issued after Fraser Health's drug-checking service in New Westminster identified fentanyl in multiple crack cocaine samples.
"We issued an alert as it is unusual for multiple people to bring in substances they believe to only contain stimulants, and have them test positive for fentanyl," he said in an email to the Record. "For people who do not use opioids, the presence of any fentanyl can be highly toxic."
Fraser Health issues drug alerts to ensure people in the region have access to more information about toxic drugs circulating in the community, he said.
Here are some tips from Fraser Health for safer drug use:
- * Stagger use with friends so someone can respond if needed.
- * Start with a low dose and go slow. Take a small amount, wait and see how it feels.
- * If using alone: let someone know and ask them to check on you.
- * Download the Lifeguard or BeSafe apps (available on Apple/Android).
- * Call the National Overdose Response Service at 1-888-688-6677 if you do not have cell data.
- * Be aware that mixing substances increases risk of overdose; this includes alcohol and prescription drugs.
- * Sign up to receive overdose alerts via text to your cellphone by texting JOIN to ALERTS (253787) or via email at fraserhealth.ca/overdosealerts.
- * Consider drug checking: Fraser Health offers drug checking, which helps community members check their drugs for fentanyl and other contaminants. In order to test for benzodiazepine, Fraser Health recommend visiting a drug checking site equipped with a fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer.
Fraser Health also asks people to consider options for witnessed consumption and local overdose prevention sites. In New Westminster, witnessed consumption is available at the health contact centre at 40 Begbie St. (accessed via Alexander Street, just below Carnarvon Street.)
Along with witnessed consumption, the health contact centre in downtown New Westminster is a place where people can get supplies such as clean drug supplies, drug-checking kits, small disposal kits for needles and naloxone kits, and access information about substance use, addiction, overdose prevention and safe disposal of needles.
The alert comes just before International Overdose Awareness Day, which is on Thursday, Aug. 31.
"On Aug. 31, International Overdose Awareness Day, we remember those who have died as a result of the continued, devastating toxic drug crisis and we acknowledge the grief of the family and friends they left behind," Eagland said.
In recognition of International Overdose Awareness Day, the Purpose Society Join will attempt to set a world record for the largest Naloxone training session. Community members are invited to attend the free event taking place in Moody Park.
For drug overdose emergency resource and information, visit firstname.lastname@example.com.
The latest statistics from the BC Coroners Service show that 20 people in New West are suspected to have died of toxic drugs in the first seven months of 2023.


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Three farmers were reportedly killed by some terrorists across Birnin-Gwari Local Government Area Kaduna State.
According to Ishaq Kasai, Chairman of the Birnin-Gwari Emirate Progressives Union, the terrorists also kidnapped 22 persons and stole motorcycles during the attack that took place on Saturday.
Kasai claimed that during the attacks, the terrorists also pillaged local businesses.
In Birnin-Gwari LGA of Kaduna State, Kasai stated, "Terrorists continue to assault civilians, mainly farmers in several communities.
"On Saturday, September 24, 2022 around 7:30 pm, the terrorists invaded Hayin Gada of Damari Community in Kazage Ward, killed two locals (namely; Sanusi Zubairu and Kabiru Zubairu) and kidnapped 12 persons. They also looted shops in the same community during the attack.
On same Saturday, another group of terrorists killed one and kidnapped six persons at FARM CENTRE located around Birnin-Gwari/Kaduna Road. They also kidnapped four others at Dajin JANGALI and seized three motorcycles (Bajaj Model) from farmers at Kamfanin Doka area.
"BEPU observes with serious concern the way the terrorists continue to invade various communities and loot goods at shops unchallenged.
"The union will never relent in its continuous call on relevant authorities to intensify effort towards combating terrorist activities in Birnin-Gwari LGA especially at this early crop harvesting period."
The state Command's Public Relations Officer, Mohammed Jalige, when contacted on the telephone, did not take his call nor respond to a text message sent to him by one of our correspondents in the state.


text:
Racked is no longer publishing. Thank you to everyone who read our work over the years. The archives will remain available here; for new stories, head over to Vox.com, where our staff is covering consumer culture for The Goods by Vox. You can also see what we're up to by signing up here.
It takes me a long time — if ever — to finish a bottle of nail polish, and I considered it to be something of an urban legend until I found my one consistent go-to color: Revlon's Colorstay Gel Envy in the shade "Perfect Pair."
Perfect Pair is the kind of color the beauty industry calls "nude" even though that term only really applies to certain (lighter) skin tones. It's a little more pinkish and rosier than a traditional nude, and deeper in shade thanks to its brown undertones.
To get just the right color, I use two coats. The formula is slightly thick, creating a beautiful gel-like shine. (And although it's marketed as a gel, it doesn't require UV lights to dry and comes off pretty easily with nail polish remover.) I'd say it lasts about five days without any chipping.
But ultimately, perhaps one of my favorite things about it is it's eliminated the indecision around picking a color at the nail salon — particularly when you know you want something in the sandy beige range but don't know where to start. (Because really, how do you even distinguish between O.P.I. Samoan Sands and O.P.I. Don't Pretzel My Buttons? Or Essie's Ballet Slippers and Birthday Suit?) With nail brands making dozens of iterations on the same color, often with only a hair of a difference — a slight grayish tinge here, a yellow undertone there — it's nice to have my own perfect shade.


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So I've been out of the loop on FE hacking for the past uh, 5-6 years. Any new projects that are good? Any of the old ones that actually got completed?
need info here bros.
There's a big list of romhacks to browse. In 2017, a tool called FEBuilder was invented which demolished the old barrier to entry. Now there's a massive amount of hacks. Of the new hacks, Vision Quest is the one that gathers the most praise.
oof they removed the link to ghebfe. was wanting to relive some of that cringe.
Thanks though, any recommendations?
Might as well play them all.
GhebFE was removed due to a policy with something something "inclusive environment" with hacks that started some months ago, although if you look around you'll eventually find GhebFE and Duo Geno Escapo.
I won't dispute that, but I've not heard anything about Vision Quest; most of the random praise that falls upon my ears is towards Justice and Pride, Four Kings, and The Last Promise. To be fair though, I keep odd company.
Aight boys over 200 rom hacks to play let's go
GhebFE thrived off of offensive humor. It's goal was to be offensive. Considering the reception it got, think it did it's job pretty well. Though the difficulty in it was major bullshit at times. If you don't arena abuse early game with your units you're basically fucked.
Never heard of vision quest, justice and pride, or the four kings. So I'll check them out. I fully completed the last promise, post game too.
yeah and it isn't 2008 so that doesn't fly anymore
i would certainly look into the aforementioned projects though
if you're looking for good projects that haven't been completed yet but are hype, try:
- faith and blood
- sacred echoes
- legends of avenir
- hiraeth: empyrean prophecy
also why did you not mention thwd, speaking of thwd i really gotta do my playthrough for fe vs thwd lol
This is all I could think of once I saw the thread's title


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When the opportunity presents itself, the priority is to take it and that's exactly what Stuart McCloskey did in Ireland's shutout victory over Italy.
An injury to Bundee Aki gave him access to a starting role at inside centre and the Ulster man should be pleased with his response. Sometimes it can be a little trickier stepping into a team that has six changes and a lesser spotted midfield axis but McCloskey coped admirably, providing a nice foil for Robbie Henshaw in midfield and as a carrying outlet for outhalf Jack Crowley.
His strengths have been the carrying game and his ability to offload through the tackle, but he's added to his game and that was very much in evidence on Sunday, notably in two brilliant long passes that put team-mates away; those took vision and execution, and both were spot on.
He was happy with his contribution. "I thought it went pretty well out there. There's obviously things that you've missed and opportunities that you've missed out there but on a personal level, I got my hands on the ball a lot, got a few offloads, a few decent touches so overall pretty happy."
He's known for his offloading game and that too was very tidy. He explained: "It just sort of happened. It's nice when it's that dry out there, especially in February, if you get a day like that there. It was just how easy it was to hold the ball, how well the lads ran off me in general and how well the lines were to give me half-gaps to get my arms free."
Italian demolition job with Gerry Thornley and John O'Sullivan
He's played with Crowley on a few occasions and finds it an easy fit. "I think maybe I started a warm-up game with him and we started the Australia game which was his first cap, so two or three times.
"He's good, isn't he? He went really well the last couple of games. He's obviously still learning, he's a young guy but some of his touches, the way he takes the ball to the line, the way he offloads is something slightly different to what Johnny [Sexton] brought; not that Johnny wasn't incredible but it's a slightly different way of playing.
"Obviously he's had a couple of mistakes in there, and bits and pieces to work on, but you're going to get that with someone who is 24-years-old. I thought he was very good today and very good last week as well.
McCloskey was asked whether Andy Farrell's criticism of his performance against Samoa in August helped focus minds? "He'd mentioned it to me during the week, as kind of like a challenge to us I think. I don't think that game was probably a fair reflection, it's the one before we go to the World Cup and it was an absolute monsoon there.
"But we took that on board and I think we worked really hard together this week to try to get a bit of synergy between us and get on the same page. I think that extra bit of work helped us in the end, and I think testament to Andy for bringing it up, to make sure that we got over our stuff [faster] than probably we were going to.
"I can only speak about that on a personal level but yeah, it's been pretty seamless for me. I think getting a good run of games last year, being in camp all the time, always having the same four of us in the centre, it doesn't really matter who's playing. At least that's what it feels like for me."


text:
SALEM, N.H. — Former New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie blasted former President Donald Trump over the handful of federal indictments Mr. Trump is currently facing.
Mr. Christie referenced Mr. Trump's visit to a Windham, New Hampshire, high school gymnasium Tuesday night, when the former president bragged to his supporters about his legal battles with the Justice Department.
"Part of what he says that I love the most now is 'I'm getting indicted for you. If it wasn't me, they'd be going after you.' Have you ever heard a bigger pile of crap in your life?" Mr. Christie asked.
The former governor said Mr. Trump's claims of solidarity with his audience were absurd.
"Far as I can tell, and please correct me if I'm wrong, none of the people in this audience tonight have paid off a porn star to keep quiet about the fact that she had sex with him while he was married so that the country and his wife didn't find out about it prior to the 2016 election," he said.
Mr. Christie asked his town hall attendees whether any of them had taken classified documents out of the White House and refused to return them back for 18 months later when the government asked for them "quietly" and "politely."
He asked his audience whether they then "lie to your lawyers and tell them you had shown them all the documents when you had one of your buddies hiding the documents in another part of Mar-a-Lago."
Mr. Christie noted his pre-electoral career and the experience it give him in fingering Mr. Trump's pattern of behavior.
"I'm from New Jersey, and I was a prosecutor. I'm somewhat familiar with organized crime. This caper looks like it was performed by the stupid Corleone," he said.
Mr. Christie excoriated Mr. Trump over persuading his supporters to go to the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, and protest the certification of 2020 presidential election, which led to a riot on the grounds and inside the building itself.
"Of course, in typical Donald Trump fashion, he didn't go. Do you remember that line in the speech? Let's march up to Capitol Hill, and I'll go with you," he said.
"Let me tell you something, I've known him for 22 years, if there's a risk that he will break a fingernail. He's not taking that risk," Mr. Christie said.
A federal grand jury last week indicted Mr. Trump on four criminal charges stemming from his efforts to reverse the results of the 2020 presidential election and the events surrounding the riot on the U.S. Capitol.
The four-count, 45-page indictment accuses Mr. Trump of conspiracy to defraud the United States, to obstruct an official proceeding, to obstruct an official proceeding, and conspiracy against the rights of citizens.
The indictment is the third for the former president.
He was indicted in June on 37 federal criminal counts related to his handling of classified materials.
In April, the Manhattan district attorney charged him with falsifying business records in connection with hush-money payments to two women who said they had extramarital affairs with Mr. Trump.
He has pleaded not guilty to all charges in all three cases.
Mr. Trump also expects charges in Georgia.
Fulton County District Attorney Fani T. Willis has hinted that she could charge Mr. Trump and his allies with attempting to overturn Georgia's 2020 presidential election.
Mr. Christie also accused Mr. Trump of breaking his promise and not repealing and replacing Obamacare as a result of not fostering a good relationship of Sen. John McCain, Arizona Republican, whose vote he ultimately needed to pass legislation to repeal President Obama's Affordable Care Act, but failed to get.
"He couldn't shut his mouth and stop picking on John McCain. Over and over, he'd say he wasn't a war hero. Donald Trump couldn't spend seven minutes in the Hanoi Hilton," he said of the North Vietnamese prison camp where McCain was held for more than five years and endured repeated torture.
Mr. Christie, whom New Hampshire Gov. Chris Sununu introduced at the Derry-Salem Elks Lodge, was heckled by two Trump supporters who stood in the parking lot with a Trump 2020 banner throughout the three-hour event.
One of them had a megaphone repeating Mr. Trump's name and oinking like a pig.
At one point in the evening, Mr. Christie finally acknowledged his mocking.
"What he's got out there is a Trump 2020 sign. I'm all for it. Keep him in 2020. Get him the hell out of 2024," he said.
Although he is moving up in the New Hampshire polls, Mr. Christie is struggling to get a foothold nationally and is still far behind Mr. Trump in the Granite State.
He is counting on the first Republican debate on Aug. 26 to help pull him ahead.
Mr. Trump has not agreed to participate in this debate, and Mr. Christie continues to bait him, calling him a "coward" if he fails to show.
𝗖𝗿𝗲𝗱𝗶𝘁𝘀, 𝗖𝗼𝗽𝘆𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 & 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘁𝗲𝘀𝘆: www.washingtontimes.com
𝗙𝗼𝗿 𝗮𝗻𝘆 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘁𝘀 𝗿𝗲𝗴𝗮𝗿𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗗𝗠𝗖𝗔,
𝗣𝗹𝗲𝗮𝘀𝗲 𝘀𝗲𝗻𝗱 𝘂𝘀 𝗮𝗻 𝗲𝗺𝗮𝗶𝗹 𝗮𝘁 firstname.lastname@example.com
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text:
An examination and translation in modern terms of the Arthurian legend and the Sword in the stone. It is taken from the Caxton version of the story by Sir Thomas Mallory published in 1468.
Then Shall He Be, True Born King of England by M.A.Meddings part one
From time to time in this text I introduce translators comments to insert a little humour into what is otherwise a deeply dramatic text.
Perhaps the most fascinating of English legends is that of the Arthurian crown and the Kingdom of Camelot.
That such a kingdom ever existed except in the minds of a people who, after the void left by the Romans leaving and the destruction of 'Pax Brittanica', fell into what we colloquially describe as the 'dark ages'. As such, we term those centuries immediatley following the Romans departure dark, because little light has been thrown upon them by accurate historical records.
It is worth contemplating for a moment the effect of Roman rule upon the culture of the nation.
To put it into perspective the Romans ruled this land for an equivelant of the time that has passed since the Enlish civil war. Some 400 years or so. Before they came there was obscurity. Since they left for a further 400 years or so there is relative obscurity.
Into this void historical commentators have sought to put some cohesion to a nation hungry for an identity and for a national leader to take up the example left by the Romans .
The Romans brought us roads they gave us relativley modern housing facilities and a degree of culture. What they gave us above all and something that is often forgotten is discipline and a rule of law. They brought us relative peace in the ambience of 'Pax Brittanica'.
Once they left that peace broke down and the nation descended into tribal feuding by en large.
Thus from the maelstrom of these ages I suggest by association and wishful thinking men sought for leadership, and for a culture akin to that ideal they had lost.
They eventually in my view found the culture of 'A Camelot', a fictitious ideal kingdom where men lived not by fear but by common bond and kinmanship supported by a code of ethics known as chivalry. Thus in mens minds King Arthur and the round table was born.
In modern parlance that period of hope and optimism that followed the election of J.F.Kennedy might be known as the American 'Camelot'
Yet such a kingdom is loosely based on known fact and if centred on chivalry peace and kinsman ship, according to the chroniclers of the age , it was born of lust of war, and the taking of a woman.
Cental to the embyonic creation of Camelot is a legendry King known as Uther Pendragon, That he ever existed except as a figment of Britains mythical history is highly doubtful.
By all accounts according to his self promoted biographer Geoffry of Monmouth (1100 to 1155) Uther Pendragon 'Chief Dragon in figuritive terms was of Welsh descent as too was Monmouth, was a strong leader and and a dedicated defender of his people. His character adequately fits the desire for strong leadership. In his 'History of the kings of Britain written in 1136, Monmouth describes an incident, a series of trysts, that were to have a dramatic effect upon the Arthurian legend.
Some 300 years later enter Sir Thomas Mallory of Newbold Revel Warwickshire 1405 to 1471 , a clergy man of somewhat itinerant if not dubious character, who compiled a book, some of it written whilst he was in prison, that became the basis of the Arthurian story as we know it today.
The book was published sometime between 1460 and 1468 and was printed by Caxton. in Ye Olde Englyshe text. This story is a transcription of that text straight from a copy of the Caxton text that I own.
'The Sword In The Stone'
from the Book Morte D'Athur
by Sir Thomas mallory
Translated from the old Caxton text
by M.A.Meddings
And it came to pass that, in the days of Uther Pendragon, when he was King of all England, A rival and powerful Duke whos domain was set in Cornwall, had designs on the Crown and went to war against Uther in attempt to overthrow him, even though he the duke owed the king loyalty and feilty.
The Duke, known as the Duke of Tintagel was commanded by the king to attend court so that they might negotiate a peace , but the king made it known that if he did not attend he would be brought forth in chains.
The Duke had a beautiful wife known as Igraine and was commanded to bring her along with him.
When Uther Pengragon saw the fair Igraine, he fell in love with her and wanted her for his woman, seeking to deceive the Duke into letting her stay whilst he went back to Tintagel to consider his options.
As to Igraine herself she saw the lust with which the king beheld her and became shocked that he should think she would succumb to his desires.
She informed her husband of her fears and asked they depart for Tintagel immediately.
Thus on the dead of night the Duke and his wife departed Pendragons castle secretly and made haste for Cornwall.
On the morning first light King Uther discovered their leaving unannounce and was filled with anger that his hospitality be treated as such.
He the summoned his moot of councellors and asked for their advice.
They inturn told him he should not accept this challenge to his authority and to send for the duke again. They further advised, that if the Duke refused, as they knew he would, then the king had adequate excuse to declare war on the Duke for treason.
And so the Duke was sent for by the king and to bring his wife with him.
Yet the Duke saw the secret desire of the king to covet his wife and desisted sending a message of refusal.
'My leige and sovereign i will not do as commanded i am free in my own domain and intend to stay so in the security of my lands, trusting that you see as my sovereign that it is wrong to command any man on the pretext of kinmanship, whilst desiring to take his wife'
translators commentary
(well actually he said ' piss off you old lecher she is mine and you aint having her', but such reality spoils for the chivalrous romance of the story.)
Then King Uther became very angry at the Duke of Cornwalls refusal to obey his command of homage and sent a messenger to him in Tintagel.
'You should prepare your domains and see for a great siege and I give you forty days to prepare before a state of war exists between us.
The duke took heed ofthe kings warning and prepared two srtronghold castles to withstand a long siege.
In one castle known as Tintagel he made safe his queen Igraine and in the other known as Terrabil he garrisoned himslf and his troops.
At length Uther Pendragon laid siege to the castle Terrabil with a large army and the battle lasted for forty until, after many were slain, King Uther had not prevailed and became sick with depression, that his armys could not defeat the Duke.
Then one of his most loyal knights Sir Ulfius came to the king and asked why he fought so wildly in a lost cause. The King answered, 'To prevent the usurping of my authority and I am in love with the fair Igraine, the thought of her is driving me crazy. I want her for my queen'.
Translators Comment
(Oh! the gentle whiles of a woman in all her beauty changeth not.)
'Well my liege' said Ulfius, 'I will seek out Merlin from his denizens and ask of his help in securing for you the hand of the lady Igraine'
Translators Comment
(Merlin was the legendry Wizard and soothe sayer, a wise man who had the power of Nacromancy and was close to the Pendragon family.)
And so the loyal Knight searched for the whereabouts of Merlin and evenually discovered him fraternising amongst a tribe of beggers and malcontents.
Wnen Ulfius approached he was asked by one who behaved as a beggar,'who seeketh thou good knight'.
'I seek the whereabouts of the Nacromanser known as Merlin'
'Then seek no further good Sir for I am he and of what service can I be'?
'None to me wise man but to your liege and friend King Uther Pendragon'
'Then of what service to he who is king i will gladly endow him with his wishes provided he will grant me equal service and the granting of my wishes as I do he. And Good knight go forth to Uther pendragan and let him know that neither he nor I should greatly profit from this bargain one over the other each shall be equal benefactors. Let him see that his desires and mine will be equally granted'.
'This I will do wise and considerate wizard'
'Ride on your way knight at all speed for I will not be far behind'
Sir Ulfias came unto King Uther and made known of his meeting with Merlin and what was said.
'But where is he asked the king'
'He is here your liege'
And as if by apparition a figure formed in the doorway and it was that of Merlin fully robed .
I am here at your service but before I perform such i will have you swear by all that you hold dear, that you shall be true king annointed. You shall have all your hearts desire as you will grant mine on equal terms'.
'I so do' said the king, 'What will you have me do'
'You must swear by the four evangelists, that after you get what you desire and win the fair Igraine that you shall cause her to bear a child by you, and that after the child is borne you will deliver it unto me for safe guardianship. I will succour and educate the baby into all the wisdom it will need to make its life in this world, swear it now or forever hold thy councel without me'
Translators Comment
'A trice dramatic I vouch but when this guy could turn you into a toad at the drop of a hat if you double crossed him, I guess you tended to mind your manners, even if you were a king'.
Here then Sir is my plan. You are to dress in the attire of The fair Igraines husband and in disguise as he present your self to her at Tintagel disguised as her husband. To increase the subterfuge Sir Ulfias shall diguise himself as Sir Brastias a loyal knight to the Duke and I will pose as Sir Jordanus another loyal knight to the Duke.
When you come unto her you should speak as little as possible for fear she might recognise the voice as not her husbands. Just pretend to be sick and wish to be in your bed to rest.
So this was done. and just as luck would have it the Duke saw that Uther Pendragon had left the battlefield and guessed where he was heading.
Thus he made haste from the battle himslf and whilst crossing enemy terrtory he was slain in battle and the news of his death brought to Uther Pendragon
Who made good his chances.
Translators Comment
'Like A Rat up a drainpipe'.
Before Igraine had heard of the death of her husband Uther pendragon in disguise came to her bed and took her for his woman, and she welcomed him for his lustiness and cried out for him again and again for it had been a long time since she had felt like a woman.
And so after a night of love the fair Igraine was with child that she asumed was her husband doing, and was shocked to hear that her husband had been killed some hours previously to him entering her bed.
'Who then good servants was the man who loved me so lustily last night'? said the fair lady Igraine.
There was nothing for it but that Uther admit to his disguise and to his taking of the fair lady.
Translaters Comments
'It was I', said the King, 'it was me who saw to your needs and you to mine.
My god by the faith, you are a fine figure of a woman and didst arouse me to heights I never knew , and all without the use of Viagra' Of course in those days they knew of other methods to improve the Libido, Viagra didnt really exist. i am sure you get my drift
The two armies of the Duke and the king ceased hostilities and wished for peace and the the king and his lady taken become man and wife in the eyes of the church. So the very next day they were married amidst scenes of great rejoicing. At the same time the king requested that the three sisters of Igraine be wed to their chosen men folk.
Margawse who was the mother of Sir Gawain wed King Lot of Lothian Scotland, Elaine became wed to King Netres of the land of garlot whilst the third sister , Morgan le Fay was sent to a nunnery to be schooled in the art of Nacromancy. She was then wedded to King Uriens of the land of Gore and father to Sir Ewain Le Blanchmains.
To be continued
Poetry by lastromantichero
Read 1606 times
Written on 2008-04-28 at 06:28
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MONSTER – Review by Martha K Baker
Monster is a remarkable film about a filmmaker, Steve Harmon. He is 17 and Black. He is bright, inquisitive, a good son to good parents. He is a model big brother. But the prosecutor at his trial labels Steve Harmon a monster.
The voice of this so-called monster denies the label. "Monsters do not cry in the dark," he explains. Enclothed in the jail's regulation red-and-white-striped jump suit, Steve sits, sweating in a jail cell, his face in focus behind blurred bars. "This feels like a movie," he narrates in voiceover to his audience. "It is my movie, written, directed, and starring Steve Harmon."
Monster begins with film of a murder in a bodega, Sept. 12, 2018, the murder that Steve is accused of when he sits in a suit, on trial at the mercy of the so-called justice system. As a good filmmaker, Steve narrates his story as if it were a screenplay. That's the format Walter Dean Myers used for his book of the same title.
Director Anthony Mandler made his name in music videos, and that sense of movement translates Myers' storytelling skillfully to the screen. "Monster" moves back and forth in time and setting, from the jail to courtroom swirls, from Steve's home to his school. His school is labeled "bougie" by the young men he meets on the streets of Harlem to grab a grittier sense of his city. When his attorney states that her job is to show the jury that Steve is a human being, promptly the scene shifts to Steve's home, disciplined with love, his mother's orders taking precedence.
The cast of Monster is exemplary. Tim Blake Nelson strongly plays Steve's film teacher. Tony-Award-winners Jenifer Hudson and Jeffrey Wright play his parents and Jennifer Ehle, his determined attorney. John David Washington (Malcolm and Marie) is his sympathetic cellmate. Rakim Mayers (a k a A$AP Rocky) and Naser "Nas" Jones shift from rap and hip hop to play the thieves. Stealing the focus throughout is Kelvin Harrison (Mudbound) as Steve Harmon, filmmaker.
In voiceover at the end, Steve intones: "Boy. Man. Human. Monster. What do you see when you look at me?" This remarkable film asks the same and does it with creative finesse.