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For preserving food, plastic wrap is out and edible insect silk is in
Can you taste the creepy crawlies? We're about to find out.
The post-ice cap Earth of 1995's Waterworld presented a lot of unique challenges for Kevin Costner's Mariner and the rest of the characters, as they tried to eke out a living on the open water. Not least of these, was food scarcity.
We are a species particularly adapted to living on land. Fishing and hunting might deliver enough calories to keep a person alive, but maintaining solid health requires at least a few fruits and vegetables every now and then, and those are notoriously difficult to grow without soil.
As a consequence, food would have become increasingly valuable and the ability to preserve it for longer periods of time would be critical. These aren't only challenges on the big screen; we produce more than enough food every year to feed every single person on the planet, meanwhile more than a billion people are impacted by food scarcity, driven at least in part by food waste.
Benedetto Marelli is a scientist at the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at MIT who is using insect silk to develop edible food packaging which extends the shelf life of fruits, vegetables, and meats. The results of his study were published in the journal Science.
During a food competition during his undergraduate studies, Marelli coated some strawberries with insect silk in an attempt to give them optical qualities like a diffraction grating. Shiny rainbow strawberries would have been neat, but the process didn't work, and the strawberries were abandoned.
"The strawberries were left on the bench and some of them rotted while others didn't. I recognized that was a peculiar result and saw an opportunity to apply these biomaterials to the agricultural field, which is in extreme need of innovation," Marelli told SYFY WIRE.
Upon inspection, it was revealed that the strawberries which were coated in silk from the caterpillar Bombyx Mori hadn't decayed at the same rate as the untreated strawberries. Something about the silk was preserving them.
Silk preserves food through a combination of three factors which the caterpillars use during their metamorphosis. The silk cocoons keep water inside, so the caterpillars don't desiccate, they minimize oxygen exchange from the outside, and they're a barrier to microbes.
When applied to food, that means moisture is retained, metabolism is slowed — particularly important for living foods like fruits and vegetables — and microbial interactions are reduced.
"It doesn't kill the bacteria, but not many of them have the right enzymes to break down silk, so it takes more time for them to break through the barrier," Marelli said.
The amount of extra shelf life is dependent on variable conditions, depending on the specific type of food being coated, but silk can keep foods fresh and edible for days or weeks longer than untreated foods.
Official taste tests have not yet been conducted, but Marelli has tried the silk-coated food himself and noted no change to the eating experience.
"I once made silk in my own kitchen, it's extremely simple to process, you just need a pot and some heat, and I didn't taste anything. We need to do scientific studies with tasters, but my [own] experience is it doesn't taste like much," Marelli said.
Today, silk is harvested from caterpillars for the textile industry. That process requires killing the animals in order to preserve the cocoons so the silk can yield a single, long thread. For food preservation, that won't be necessary.
Once the cocoon is produced, it's broken down and returned to the state it was in inside the silk gland and processed into a water suspension of silk. From there, foods can either be sprayed or dip-coated with a thin layer of edible silk.
Other types of silk, like those produced by spiders, could also be used, though spider silk has a scaling problem. It can't be manufactured at the same scale as caterpillar silk. In the future, scientists could cut the bugs out of the operation entirely, instead using micro-organisms to produce silk.
"At scale, when it comes to production and capillary synthesis of silk, a yeast or bacteria with a bioreactor would be the way to go. If we can simply have yeast or bacteria making the silk in different parts of the world, then we don't have to ship it," Marelli said.
That decrease in shipping is a big part of the overall project, which aims to decrease the impact of agriculture on the planet while putting more food into the hands of people. Enhanced food preservation could reduce food deserts in parts of the world which regularly experience shortages. In the rest of the world, where food scarcity isn't an issue, silk coating offers an alternative to plastics.
The first commercialized food products preserved with silk are intended to hit store shelves sometime in 2022, meaning someday soon you could grab a piece of fruit from a cart and pop it straight into your mouth, silk coating and all.


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May 16, 2023
The agenda for the June monthly meeting of the State Board of Pardons and Paroles is published
Board Meeting Agenda
June 8, 2023
Time: 10:00 A.M.
Location: Parole Board Hearing Room
2 M. L. King, Jr. Drive
5th Floor, East Tower
Atlanta, Georgia 30334
I. Call to Order
II. Welcome/Remarks - Chairman Terry E. Barnard
III. Approval of Agenda
IV. Adoption of Minutes from May 2, 2023, Board Meeting
V. Old Business
Provisionally Adopted Amendment to Board Rule 475-3-.05 - La'Quandra Smith, Director of Legal Services
VI. New Business
A. Election of Parole Board Chair and Vice-Chair for FY 2024
B. Proposed Changes to Board Policies - Christopher Kimner, Director of Training and Investigations
C. Director's Report - Christopher Barnett, Executive Director of Parole
VII. Public Comment - (Note: Only comments regarding matters presented to the Board during this meeting are allowed at this time. Comments on a specific offender can be made by contacting our call center at 404.656.4661.)
VIII. Adjournment

subset: commoncrawl


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Meek & Mild vs Wild Child
Whether you're in need of a tranquil, refreshing break to start your year, or you're looking to rebel against detox regimes and unleash your inner party animal, Booking.com has something for everyone. The global leader in connecting travellers with the widest choice of incredible places to stay has looked to its more than 1.6 million properties in over 126,000 destinations around the globe to identify some of the top getaways around the world designed to satisfy all cravings as we head into 2018.
For the well-behaved, Booking.com offers places to stay from spiritual yoga retreats in Abano Terme, to tranquil B&Bs in Derbyshire. Falling in line with findings that almost double the amount of people are planning to take health and wellbeing trips in 2018 (from one in 10 in 2017 to nearly one in five in 2018), these getaways will leave you feeling relaxed and reenergised, ready to tackle 2018.
For the inner party animals, take your next adventure to the streets of Sin City or head to Ibiza to witness some of the world's top DJ's. Packed with beach parties and mega-clubs, these destinations are perfect for those looking to go wild in style. From spacious villas for hosting guests to luxurious apartments near buzzing nightlife, you'll be able to indulge your inner party animal in true comfort.
For the Meek & Mild
Rain or shine, with its glorious Peak District National Park, Derbyshire is a fantastic place to visit for family days out, short breaks or holidays. Roll out your yoga mats and escape to the countryside where the woodland views provide the perfect setting to unleash your inner yogi. Surrounded by 16 acres of land, Hayeswood Lodge Boutique B&B offers luxury with individually-designed rooms, approximately seven miles drive from Derby.
Albir, Spain
The little resort of Albir in the region of Alfaz del Pí is wedged between Benidorm and Altea, perfect for anyone looking to get away from the busy beaches. The Sha Wellness Clinic is a deluxe spa complex that boasts stunning panoramic views of the Costa Blanca coastline and countryside, with celebrities such as Demi Moore, Kylie Minogue and Naomi Campbell all having visited. The wellbeing clinic boasts over 6,000 square meters of facilities, and treatments include anti-aging, weight loss, beauty rituals and detox sessions.
Abano Terme, Italy
Head a few miles south of Padua and you'll find Abano Terme, where hot springs and mud baths have been a well-known tonic since the Roman times. Enjoy the town's glorious landscapes of the Euganean Hills and experience total relaxation and well-being at Abano Grand Hotel. Boasting richly decorated rooms and full spa programmes, you can indulge with access to saunas, thermal baths, a wide variety of massages and treatments, plus three thermal pools.
For the Wild Child
Las Vegas, USA
To indulge your inner wild child, there is no better place to party than the Las Vegas Strip, famed for its vibrant nightlife. Situated on the South Las Vegas Strip, M Resort Spa & Casino offers non-stop entertainment and a variety of dining options, including restaurants, bars, a deli and a bakery. Guests can enjoy specialty cocktails, craft beers and wine at one of five on-site bars including Ravello Lounge, which features live entertainment by top bands and DJs.
Ibiza, Spain
The beautiful island of Ibiza has bustling, lively nightlife for those still craving some New Year excitement. Stay at the Gran Hotel Montesol Ibiza, located in the heart of the historic centre of Ibiza. Set in a neo-colonial building, each room is decorated in colonial style by interior designer Lázaro Rosa-Violán. Featuring a terrace on the Passeig de Vara de Rey Street, with views of the city, this charming hotel has a gastro bar and outdoor space for hosting special events.
Mykonos, Greece
To experience the ultimate party atmosphere head to the Island of Mykonos in Greece. Mykonos is famous for its legendary beach parties and world-renowned DJs. Enjoy party season at the Villa Kampani, in Mykonos Town. The villa opens out to a balcony and terrace boasting Aegean Sea and Mykonos Town views. It features a fully equipped kitchen and dining area, perfect for entertaining.
Research commissioned by Booking.com and independently conducted among a sample of adults who have taken a trip in the last 12 months/plan to take a trip in the next 12 months. In total 18,509 respondents were surveyed (1,000+ from the UK, US, Brazil, China, Germany, Italy, Spain, France, India, Singapore and Russia and 500+ each from Australia, Argentina, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Hong Kong, Croatia, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden, Thailand and Taiwan). Respondents completed an online survey in August 2017.


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The trilogy ends here.
That's the tag line on the new UFC 252 poster, which features the main event between heavyweight champion Stipe Miocic and Daniel Cormier.
The fight that will headline the Aug. 15 pay-per-view has been a year in the making after Miocic exacted revenge on Cormier with a fourth-round TKO to reclaim the heavyweight title after suffering a knockout in their first meeting.
Ever since that rematch ended, Miocic and Cormier have been on a collision course to settle the score one last time.
For Miocic, this is an opportunity to defend his title and put Cormier behind him for good as he seeks to cement his place as the greatest heavyweight champion in UFC history. Meanwhile, Cormier will try to avenge a loss and go out on top as he plans to retire from the sport no matter the result in August.
Here is the UFC 252 card as it currently stands with more fights still to be added in the coming weeks:
MAIN EVENT: Stipe Miocic vs. Daniel Cormier
Junior Dos Santos vs. Jairzinho Rozenstruik
Sean O'Malley vs. Marlon "Chito" Vera
Frankie Edgar vs. Pedro Munhoz
Magomed Ankalaev vs. Ion Cutelaba
Livia Renata Souza vs. Ashley Yoder


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If you would like to sponsor one of our horses, click the link for more information.
River is a pure-bred Quarter Horse and she came to us in the summer of 2021. She was skin-and-bones and in need of some good love, attention, and groceries. We were told she was 16, but after the vet came out, it was determined she is in her mid to late 20's. She was an immediate favorite of all the kids (and us), but unfortunately she had a rough start getting integrated into our herd. After multiple months of trying, she finally was accepted and quickly became the "mom" of the herd (top mare). She is the sweetest horse we have with the most goofy neigh you've ever heard!
We are so thankful she joined us almost 2 years ago and always look forward to the love and joy she willingly gives to all who come out.
Sterling is a 12-year-old Palomino Arabian. He was born on Laura's friend's property and Laura was able to name him. The Pfeiffer's couldn't have any more horses at the time and so he was sold as a weanling.
Unfortunately, Sterling ended up in some very bad hands in his early years. Thankfully, though, he was found being sold online in Arizona and with the help of Laura's best friend, he was rescued by the ranch. He was so terrified of huyman contact when he first came to the ranch, but after a year of being able to be a horse and be loved, his personality just beamed.
He is a clown, very easy-going, and such a lovable guy! Because of his checkered past and the building up of the ranch, his training has taken a back seat. This year we hope to get him re-started under saddle and eventually have him ready to be a part of the RSR herd (officially).
Rudy was the name given to this 7-year-old BLM mustang from the Tilly Creek HMA (Herd Management Area) in Utah. He was named by one of our ranch friends who won the naming raffle at one of our fundraising BBQs. She named him Rudy, short for Rudolph, because Rudolph was the reindeer that dealt with being bullied by the other reindeer, but ended up leading Santa's sleigh on Christmas Eve. The lady who got the chance to name him also runs a non-profit called Peer Kindness that helps kids who are dealing with being bullied in school.
Rudy arrived at the ranch from Arizona, along with Calista, for some additional training. We all fell in love with his small stature and huge heart, so he is here to stay! This guy has a kind soul and a sweet and quiet disposition. He's curious and a great thinker; he just wants to please. He absolutely adores kids, so we have high hopes for him once he is trained.
Cali, as she's affectionately known around the ranch, is a 19-year-old Palomino Paint/Arab cross. She is Sterling's momma and even has some of the same goofy personality traits. She also came to the ranch from Arizona. She used to be shown in her younger years and has even been trained to drive a cart (Maybe one day we will get a horse-sized cart and drive her in the parades!). In the last few years she has been primarily a trail horse, so we are re-introducing her to arena work. She loves attention and kids.
Rio is a 24-year-old Bay, Roan Arabian/pony cross. He is the first pony we had here at RSR. He moved here with the Pfeiffer's specifically to help with the ranch because he had so much training! This boy knows what he wants and is determined to do just that! The first couple years of camp he wasn't used often. However, the last couple years we used him more because he began to relax and enjoy the attention he got when being chosen. This boy still expects a rider with confidence and he is guaranteed to grow the rider's confidence and ability.
Poco is a 24-year-old black and white Paint. This boy is our herd leader and is not afraid of anything, yet he is also one of our most sensitive horses on the ranch! Poco came to RSR as a birthday present for Laura almost a year after the Pfeiffer's moved to Colorado. The last couple of years he joined the RSR herd as one of the horses used in our intermediate camps. He used to be a part of 4H and loved to jump fences, however, these days he prefers the slower pace and truly loves being pampered.
Cruiser is the taller of the 2 Miniature Horses at the ranch. He's 24 years old and was Laura's very first mini. At the time, she didn't own a truck and/or horse trailer, so he was trainied to ride in the backseat of her Oldsmobile Royale 88 car! Laura would take him in stores, parks, and everywhere else she could think of. Clearly, he was destined to be used to bring joy to others from the start! Cruiser pulls a cart and gives pony rides to younger/smaller kids that come to the ranch. He is practically like a dog and was (and still is) the perfect companion.
Gio is the smallest and youngest horse at the ranch. He is a 9-year-old Miniature Horse. He is full-grown and will not get any bigger. This guy may be little in height, but he has a very big personality! He loves to play and run. Joyful is the best description for him because he brings laughter and smiles to every child that has the privilege to work with him in a mentor session.


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Yesterday, November 08, the entertainment news of Thai TV3 shows a special interview with the rising actor Kongthap Peak.
SEE ALSO: Here are all new Thai TV3 dramas that will air in 2022 – 2023
A popular star opens up that he will have a new project very soon.
Also, he will have a costume fitting for his new role in this upcoming drama in the near future.
The drama is going to start filming shortly, Kongthap Peak adds.
Additionally, a young actor hints at the leading actress whom he will star alongside in this upcoming drama.
He says that she is the same age to him.


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Over the years, many men have realized that women looking for marital life need certain crucial going out with advice that will help them secure a good and relationship with their husbands. Without this kind of dating advice from right sources, it is very easy to spend a lot of your energy in stress looking for the ideal pal. Such frustration leads to a lot of heartache, and frequently, a divide.
Men ought to understand that females are searching for emotional interconnection more so than anything else. Whilst men are meant to be in control, in fact that women need to know how to maintain your relationship heading strong through the good times as well as the bad. If you are looking to get an opportunity to furnish your wife with an emotional finding a wife in thailand attachment, you should try for making her look important and special in every single moment of her day time. Let her know that her impression matters and this she is the only person you are worried about currently.
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If she's truly in love with you, she is going to let you know about this on her unique accord. Additional piece of critical internet dating suggestions for women trying to find marriage should be to avoid internet dating completely if she is still in the pre-engagement stage. There is no the reason why she will need to want to get into a physical relationship with a complete stranger. At this stage on the marital relationship, the two of you should already be comfortable with every single other's people.
Finally, an additional piece of crucial dating hints and tips for women trying to find marriage is the fact you should never ever before lose feel with your close friends and family. Even though it might seem tempting to meet them through your other half, this is one of the single biggest mistakes that many men help to make. You will never connect with them if you are too strongly attached to your spouse. Keep your interpersonal life and personal life individual so that you can stay open and honest with each other. And don't forget that it can be important that you connect with all of your relatives and buddies as well as people who understand and value you, including your children.
The actual is the fact there are many crucial things that you will need to take into consideration when you truly want to make a new partnership with your significant other. While you can be nervous and anxious to get started on dating once again, the truth is that you must do so as soon as possible. Don't hang on any longer and commence building that new my now!
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Document Type : Original Research Article
1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India- 302017
2 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan-302 017, India
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVPM's College of Pharmacy, Malegaon, Maharashtra, India- 413115
Sesamol (SM), [3, 4-methylenedioxyphenol] is well known phenolic antioxidant phytoactive extracted from sesame oil. It is hydrolysis product of sesamolin formed thermal oxidation [1]. Sesamol is well established antioxidant and hepatoprotective phytoactive. Various previously published reports showed antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials of sesamol in both cell as well as animal models. In addition to this it shows hypolipidemic and anti-clastogenic activity as well as reduce oxidative stress [2]. Although sesamol exhibits varieties of pharmacological actions the use of this phytoactive is limited due to limitations associated with pharmacokinetic properties. It has good aqueous solubility as well as lipophilicity. However limited oral bioavailability and rapid elimination through conjugation are major hurdles which limits its use [3]. To enhance the sesamol bioavailability, the sustained drug delivery is advisable, which prolongs drug circulation in the body by controlling its release from system.
Colloidal nanocarrier based systems with particle size in the range of 10 to 400 nm are promising alternative to conventional drug delivery in the area of treating various disease conditions. The novel drug loaded nanocarrier offers various advantages like increased solubility, enhanced targeting potential at cellular level by minimizing off target distribution and minimize dose related side effects by reducing dose size [4]. Various nanocarrier based systems like liposomes [5, 6], niosomes [7, 8], proniosomes [9, 10], phytosomes [11, 12], ethosomes [13, 14], transfersomes [15, 16], lipid nanoparticles (NPs) [17, 18], nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) [19, 20], polymeric NPs [21, 22], gold NPs and silver NPs were widely investigated for efficient delivery phytoactives. Out of these various types, the polymeric NPs are widely used for delivery of phytoactives through various routes like topical, oral, pulmonary and nasal. The desirable properties of polymeric NPs like biocompatibility and biodegradability potentiate its use for drug delivery [23].
Hepatic injury induction in rats using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is commonly employed animal model to assess hepatoprotective activity of phytoactive. CCl4 forms trichloromethyl free radical, CCl3* on metabolism. Free radical mediate production of reactive oxygen species through cytochrome P450 oxygenase system. The reactive oxygen species causes lipid peroxidation and lastly hepatocellular damage [24]. CCl3* interacts with cellular molecules like nucleic acid, protein and lipid which eventually leads to lipid metabolism impairment and fatty degeneration i.e. steatosis.
Thus present work was initiated with aim to formulate SM encapsulated Poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) NPs to improve hepatoprotective potential and minimize demerits associated with conventional delivery of SM. SM loaded NPs dispersion was prepared using solvent evaporation ultrasonication technique and evaluated for particle diameter, stability, phytoactive encapsulation efficiency, drug release behavior in vitro as well as in vivo hepatoprotective potential in animal model. The formulated NPs revealed significantly better hepatoprotective potential than standard LIV-52 with reduction of serum liver injury markers and proinflammatory cytokines.
SM and polyvinyl alcohol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. PLGA was purchased from Evonik India, India. Acetone was obtained from SDFCL, Mumbai, India. Dialysis membrane (Mol. Wt.13-14 kD) was purchased from Himedia, Mumbai, India. All other solvents, reagents and chemicals were analytical grades and purchased locally.
Preparation of SM encapsulated polymeric NPs
SM encapsulated polymeric NPs were fabricated using solvent evaporation ultrasonication technique. Briefly, accurately weighed quantities of SM and PLGA according to desired ratio were dissolved in acetone to form organic phase. Polyvinyl alcohol was dissolved in distilled water to form 0.5 % W/V solution as aqueous phase. The polymeric solution was injected in aqueous stabilizer solution with stirring at 15000 RPM using high speed magnetic stirrer to evaporate organic solvent. After stirring, the dispersion was subjected to ultrasonication using probe sonicator (Sonic vibra cell, VCX500, Sonics and Materials Inc., USA). The sonication was conducted at 80 amplitude for 10 minutes using 10 second pulses. At last, the formulated nano-dispersion stirred for 2 hours in order to remove acetone.
Evaluation of SM loaded polymeric NPs
Phytoactive encapsulated polymeric NPs were evaluated with respect to particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, drug release behavior and in vivo hepatoprotective potential.
Particle size and zeta potential
Particle size and zeta potential of SM loaded polymeric NPs based dispersion was assessed using Zetasizer, Nano-ZS (Malvern, United Kingdom). Briefly 0.5 mL of NPs based dispersion was taken in polystyrene cuvettes, suitably diluted with double distilled water and subjected to measurement.
Phytoactive encapsulation efficiency
The entrapment efficiency of fabricated drug loaded NPs was estimated indirectly using ultracentrifugation method. Briefly 0.1 mL of NPs dispersion was taken in centrifuge tubes and diluted to 1 mL using double distilled water. The resulting diluted dispersion centrifuged at 80000 rpm for 1 hour at 40C temperature in order to obtain sediment of drug loaded NPs. After centrifugation supernatant was carefully removed and analyzed for unentrapped drug content by UV spectrometry. Entrapment efficiency was calculated by following equation:
SM release behavior
SM release behavior of an SM loaded NPs was assessed using dialysis diffusion technique. Briefly NPs dispersion equivalent to 8 mg of SM was filled in dialysis bag (molecular weight: 12–14 kDa) and fixed in United States Pharmacopeia (USP) type II dissolution apparatus whose vessels were filled with 500 mL of dissolution medium i.e. phosphate buffer pH 6.8. The rotational speed of the paddle and temperature of the buffer were adjusted at 50 rpm and 37°C ± 0.5 °C, respectively. At predetermined time intervals the 2 mL of sample was withdrew and replace with equal volume of buffer to maintain sink condition throughout the experiment. The collected aliquots were filtered and analyzed by UV-Spectrophotometry using phosphate buffer pH 6.8 as blank.
In vivo hepatoprotective potential
Male Wistar rats of weight in the range of 150 to 200 gm were selected as test animals to evaluate hepatoprotective potential of SM loaded NPs. The animal study protocol was approved by the Institutional Animals Ethical Committee of Indira Institute of Pharmacy (Approval number: IIP/IAEC/08/2019-20). All animals were purchased from Global bioresearch solution Pvt. Ltd, Shirwal, India.
Rats were randomly divided into four groups, each having 6 rats. Group I was serve as vehicle control (VC) group and received olive oil at the dose of 1 mL/kg BW. Group II serve as positive control (PC) and received standard hepatotoxic drug CCl4. Group III was marked as standard group and received Liv-52 at the dose of 1 mL/kg BW [25]. SM loaded NPs based dispersion at the dose of 8 mg/kg BW was administered in group IV animals.
Hepatic injury to the 18 experimental animals was induced by oral administration CCl4 with dose of 4 mL/kg BW for 10 days. While administration, CCl4 was mixed with same volume of olive oil). In group II, olive oil was administered at the dose of 1 mL/kg BW of for 10 days (no hepatic injury as well as treatment for group II). In standard group III, three days after hepatic injury induction, Liv-52 was administered with dose 1 mL/kg BW daily for four weeks. In test group IV three days after hepatic injury induction, SM loaded NPs based dispersion was injected with dose 8 mg/kg BW daily for four weeks [1].
On completion of treatment, rats were anesthetized using ether and blood sampling was carried out through retro-orbital plexus. Blood was centrifuged at 4000 rpm at 4°C for 20 minutes to separate serum and stored at −20°C for estimation of serum liver injury markers. At last, all animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation to harvest their liver for estimation of oxidative stress parameters. Group II (PC) animals were sacrificed three days after hepatotoxicity induction i.e. on 13th day and animals from other groups were sacrificed on the 42th day, i.e. 1 day after four week treatment. After harvesting liver was homogenized with phosphate–buffered saline pH 7.4 (10%) at 40C. The post–mitochondrial supernatant (PMS) of liver was used to measure oxidative stress parameters. Rat liver homogenates was centrifuge in chilled phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 at 4°C to prepare PMS.
Assessment of liver injury markers
Assessment of liver injury markers such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is very important operation to measure hepatoprotective efficacy of SM loaded NPs. Diagnostic kits (Reckon diagnostic, India) were utilized to assess liver injury markers. The manufacturer protocol was used to perform the assays.
Estimation of antioxidant parameters
The lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) are stress parameters were also measured in PMS.
Estimation of LPO
The LPO in liver PMS were estimated using method described by Wills [26]. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level, a measure of LPO was measured as liver thiobarbituric acid reactive species. The LPO level in animals was assessed and denoted as nanomoles of MDA per milligram of protein. The molar extinction coefficient of the chromophore was 1.56 × 105 M − 1 cm − 1.
Assessment of SOD
The method reported by Kono et al. was used for measurement of SOD activity in liver PMS [27]. SOD activity was measure and denoted in the form of SOD per milligram of protein (SOD units/mg Pr).
Assessment of GSH levels
The GSH estimation procedure reported by of Jollow et al. was used for estimation of GSH [28]. The GSH level was measured and denoted as nmoles of GSH per μg of protein (nmoles of GSH/μg Pr).
Estimation of pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)
TNF-α levels in liver homogenates was measured using the ELISA kit (RayBiotech). The manufacturer guidelines were studied to perform measurements.
Statistical Analysis
The one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test was used for comparison of means various treatments. Differences between the means were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. All experimental data expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD).
Preparation and evaluation SM loaded PLGA NPs
SM encapsulated PLGA NPs were successfully prepared using solvent evaporation ultrasonication technique [29, 30]. The PLGA as biocompatible polymer was utilized to form polymeric matrix for encapsulation of SM. The formulation variables and process variables of SM loaded NPs were previously optimized in our laboratory. The formulated NPs revealed 200 ± 7.142 nm particle diameter with 0.05 ± 0.021 polydispersity index. The particle diameter of NPs govern its uptake in hepatic parenchymal cells. The numerous scientific research reports have reported that nanocarriers with particle diameter up to 200 nm can efficiently engulf by hepatic parenchymal cells and generate significant therapeutic effect [31, 32]. The SM loaded NPs revealed particle diameter close to 200 nm which confirm its suitability to reach at hepatic parenchymal cells. The zeta potential of optimized SM loaded NPs was found -15.8 ± 3.518 mV which confirms physical stability with minimum particle aggregation (Fig. 1) [33]. The entrapment efficiency of SM in polymeric NPs was found to be 73.81 ± 3.173%. Thus selected technique was found to be effective for preparation of NPs with better particle size and entrapment efficiency.
In vitro drug release
The percent cumulative drug release from polymeric NPs is important evaluation parameter governing bioavailability of the drug and therapeutic efficacy. The SM release profile showed biphasic behavior. In first 24 hour, it was observed to be a burst release of SM with 66.21± 2.13 % cumulative drug release followed by a slow release of SM up to 72 hours (Fig. 2). It has observed that drug particles closer to the surface of matrix are dissolved first, diffuse through polymer network and release form device for absorption [34]. The SM from solution releases with greater extent in 8 hours because of greater aqueous solubility of drug.
Estimation of Serum Liver Injury Markers
AST and ALT enzymes are release in plasma due to damage of structural integrity of hepatic cells. CCl4 administration for ten days resulted in induction of hepatic cellular damage which eventually leads to release of AST and ALT in plasma. Elevation of AST and ALT levels due to administration of CCl4 in experimental animals confirmed hepatic cellular damage. CCl4 administration in experimental animals resulted in 2368.06% elevation in ALT level compared to group I (VC). The elevated level of serum liver injury marker like ALT was sign of hepatotoxicity induction in rats. The four weeks treatment with SM loaded polymeric NPs at the dose of 8 mg/kg BW revealed reduction in elevated ALT levels by 56.17 ± 2.74 (Table 1). Liv-52 (Group III) administration in hepatotoxic rats resulted 45.75 ± 2.78% reduction in ALT level. The fabricated drug loaded NPs based dispersion was quite successful in significant reduction (p < 0.05) of elevated ALT level in experimental animals compared to Liv-52.
In similar way, AST level was elevated by 980.73% due to administration of CCl4 compared to group I (VC). The standard hepatoprotective drug Liv-52 reduced elevated AST level by 73.45 ± 3.51. Whereas SM loaded NPs revealed significantly better (p < 0.05) results than Liv-52 with reduction of elevated AST by 78.83 ± 2.58. Sesamol has reported to exhibit anti-MMP-9 (matrix metallopeptidase 9) activity [35]. MMP-9 is potential enzyme involved in necrosis of hepatocytes. Hepatocytes necrosis results in release of ALT and AST from liver. Sesamol inhibits MMP-9 activity and protects liver against tissue necrosis, by reduction of ALT as well as AST.
Antioxidant parameters
LPO measured as MDA content in liver PMS. CCl4 administration resulted in elevation in MDA level by 470%. CCl4 administration for ten days resulted in induction of hepatic injury which leads to LPO and elevation MDA levels in liver. The four week treatment with SM encapsulated NPs resulted in reduction in MDA content by 51.25 ± 2.37%. The standard drug Liv-52 reduce elevated MDA content by 50.61 ± 2.71% on four week treatment. The SM loaded NPs showed significantly better results (p < 0.05) compared to standard drug (Fig. 3).
The significantly better results are shown by nanocarrier based formulation may be due to improvement in cellular permeation of SM on its loading in polymeric NPs. Drug loaded polymeric NPs stabilized with polyvinyl alcohol are expected to permeate across liver cells biomembrane resulting in significantly better reduction of MDA level as shown in the this study.
The positive control CCl4 group revealed significantly low (p < 0.05) SOD level (0.5047 ± 0.0891 SOD units/ mg Pr) compared to VC group. Treatment with standard drug Liv-52 for four weeks showed almost 3 times increase (1.4903 ± 0.1079 SOD units/ mg Pr) in SOD level. Whereas SM NPs treatment showed 5 times increase in SOD level (2.891 ± 0.1034 SOD units/ mg Pr) (Fig. 4). Hepatocellular damage induction by CCl4 administration is indicated by reduced SOD level. The severity of hepatocellular is govern by SOD level. The reduce SOD level due to hepatic injury could be attributed due to its inactivation by LPO and reactive oxygen species. Since four week treatment with SM loaded polymeric NPs significantly reduce the MDA content, hence, as assumed SOD was significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in SM NPs group.
The total GSH level in PC group (23.922 ± 3.39 nmole of GSH/ µg Pr) was significantly low (p < 0.05) by CCl4 administration than VC group. The SM loaded NPs successfully increased total GSH level by 7.61 times on four weeks treatment. The Liv-52 showed comparable results with increase in total GSH level by 6.37 times however it was found to be less effective compare to SM loaded NPs (Fig. 5). The Tukey test showed significant difference (p < 0.05) between GSH levels showed by SM loaded NPs and standard Liv-52.
Proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α
The administration of CCl4 resulted in significant elevation of proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α level (608.732 ± 10.62 TNF Pg/mL) in PC group. The elevation of TNF-α level was indication of hepatic injury induction. The four weeks treatment with SM loaded NPs reduced the increased levels of TNF-α (197.15 ± 4.68 TNF Pg/mL) (Fig. 6). The Liv-52 treatment showed vast reduction of TNF-α level (152.61 ± 4.95 TNF Pg/mL). The results obtained with Liv-52 were far better than SM loaded NPs.
The present work was initiated to fabricate SM loaded polymeric NPs. The SM loaded polymeric nano sized particles were successfully formulated using solvent evaporation ultrasonication technique. The selected methods was found to be efficient for preparation of NPs with acceptable physicochemical properties and in vitro release behavior. CCl4 was utilized to induce hepatic injury in experimental animals. The increased level of serum liver injury markers like AST and ALT in experimental animals confirmed induction of hepatic injury. The four weeks treatment with drug loaded NPs showed significantly better hepatoprotective potential than Liv-52 with reduction of elevated AST and ALT levels. In addition to this SM loaded NPs significantly reduce increased LPO and TNF-α compared to standard Liv-52. Thus PLGA NPs could be viable alternative for encapsulation of SM.
Authors thankful to Dr. Ujwala Shinde, Associated professor and HOD of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai and Indira Institute of Pharmacy, Sadavali for providing excellent technical support.
Authors declare no potential conflict of interest.


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Perhaps nothing is more painful than losing a loved one because another person was negligent. If a wrongful death tragedy happens to a member of your family, arrange at once to speak with an Orange County wrongful death attorney about your family's legal options and rights.
What are those options and rights? What can the surviving family members of a wrongful death victim do to recover compensation – and to win justice? When should a decedent's survivors contact a Southern California wrongful death attorney?
Keep reading, and you will learn the answers to these questions, but if your own family is grieving for a loved one whose life was lost due to someone else's wrongful act, your family should have the advice and services that an Orange County wrongful death lawyer offers.
How Does California Define Wrongful Death?
Under California law, a decedent's surviving family members or the decedent's estate may sue to recover damages when someone dies as the result of another person's "wrongful act." That wrongful act may have been reckless, negligent, or intentional.
Wrongful deaths happen every day and in almost every possible manner. If one person's wrongful act causes another person's death, the party at fault may be held liable with a wrongful death claim.
Wrongful deaths include:
- traffic deaths caused by reckless, impaired, or negligent drivers
- slip-and-fall deaths from balconies or staircases because of old or defective safety railings
- fatalities linked to prescription drugs which lacked sufficient warnings or instructions
- any fatality caused by another person's wrongful act (or wrongful failure to act)
Who Qualifies to Bring a Wrongful Death Lawsuit?
Every state provides for wrongful death claims. What varies is the party or parties who qualify to bring a wrongful death claim. In California, these parties may qualify to pursue wrongful death actions:
- surviving spouses and surviving domestic partners
- surviving children (or grandchildren if the decedent's children also are deceased)
- stepchildren if they depended on the decedent for at least half of their financial support
- anyone who would be entitled to inherit under California's intestate succession laws
When there's no surviving spouse, children, or domestic partner, only then may a claim for wrongful death be filed by someone else entitled to inherit under California's intestate succession laws, including a decedent's parent or sibling.
If they can prove financial dependence on the decedent, a decedent's "putative" spouse or that person's children may also file a wrongful death claim. A California court may deem someone a putative spouse if a marriage was invalid but one party reasonably believed it was valid.
What Are Survival Actions?
With a wrongful death claim, family members may be compensated for a decedent's cremation or burial and funeral costs, loss of financial support, services, companionship, and in some cases, loss of consortium.
Compensatory damages may be recovered, but punitive damages (meant to deter wrongful acts in the future) are not available with wrongful death claims in California, although after some deaths, a "survival action" may be pursued which allows for the recovery of punitive damages.
A survival action may be pursued by the personal representative of a decedent's estate. When no representative has been named, the action may be brought by a deceased person's "successor in interest," a beneficiary of the estate or of some portion or item of a decedent's property.
A survival action is allowed only if a decedent lived for a brief period between the incident that caused the wrongful death and the wrongful death itself. It allows for the recovery of the decedent's final medical costs, lost income, and in some cases, punitive damages.
What Does It Take to Prevail With Your Wrongful Death Claim?
Claims for wrongful death in California are typically resolved privately when the lawyers for each side agree to a settlement both sides are willing to accept.
If private negotiations prove futile and the case goes to court, surviving family members must demonstrate that the allegedly negligent party (the defendant) owed the decedent a "duty of care" which was breached, directly causing the decedent's wrongful death.
With a wrongful death claim based on a traffic crash, surviving family members ("plaintiffs") must prove a defendant had a duty to obey traffic rules and drive with care. Next, plaintiffs must demonstrate that the duty of care was breached by the defendant's reckless or negligent driving.
Plaintiffs finally must show that the breach of the duty of care was the wrongful death's direct cause and that the decedent "more likely than not" suffered wrongful death because of the defendant's recklessness, carelessness, or intentional wrongful act.
When Should Your Family Contact a Wrongful Death Attorney?
After the loss of someone you love, thinking about legal matters may be difficult. Your family needs time to grieve. Nevertheless, it's important to speak as soon as you can with an Orange County wrongful death attorney.
Your attorney can determine if you have sufficient grounds for a wrongful death claim and sufficient evidence for that claim to prevail. California requires wrongful death claims to be filed within two years of the date of the wrongful death.
Survival actions must be brought within two years of the date of the injury that caused the wrongful death or within two years and six months of the date of the wrongful death. However, you should not wait that long to speak with an attorney.
It's best if your Orange County wrongful death lawyer examines the evidence for your claim while it's fresh and speaks to any witnesses before their memories begin to fade. It may be difficult after losing a loved one, but you should contact an attorney as quickly as possible.
How Will Your Attorney Be Paid?
Wrongful death lawyers in California represent families on a contingent fee basis. That means you pay no attorney's fee upfront and no fee until and unless your wrongful death claim prevails.
If you are a surviving family member of a wrongful death victim, your first legal consultation with a southern California wrongful death attorney is offered without cost or obligation. You'll receive personalized legal advice and learn how the law applies to your specific circumstances.
A wrongful death claim can help a family move constructively and positively into the future after a devastating tragedy. If you lose a loved one because of someone else's negligence or recklessness, have a wrongful death attorney put the law to work for you and your family.


text: SUPPORT & CONNECT 2023: SELECTED ENTRIES ©Mud Art Productions The Goethe-Institut Nigeria supports Nigerian artists and cultural experts in implementing their projects. For the past years, the Goethe-Institut Nigeria has supported a wide range of projects created and implemented by Nigerian artists and initiatives in various art forms: music, contemporary dance, photography, films (documentary), theatre, visual arts and many more. Goethe-Institut Nigeria also supports artists, who are invited to festivals or cultural projects in Germany or on the African continent but do not have enough funding to join. We regard this support as a very crucial and important one in order to give young and upcoming artists in the cultural landscape of Nigeria a chance to be heard and seen. The call is open for artistic and cultural initiatives from all parts of the country. This year, the Support and Connect initiative is supporting projects with funds to the tune of 5.000 Euros. We also continue with the sustainability grant (i.e. recurring projects that already had funding from the Goethe-Institut) with maximum budget of 2.000 Euros). 1. Jeun soke (By Omokeko Olufela) ©Jeun soke This project is an art intervention that is meant to fill a vacuum in people's understanding of food history, food mapping and cross-cultural interchange. The plan is to utilize food as an artistic medium to question, understudy, experiment and engage with people's past and present. Considering the forces of environmental degradation, social insecurity, unstable economic policies and unformed cultural transition; threatening human knowledge, livelihood, and aiding the gradual extinctions of heritable ways of living, thus affecting the food culture in urban space, evidence in the expansion of (=)quick meals spots, (✓)fast-living styles and (+)post-electronic world/ lifestyles in cities that (-)discouraged the desire, consumption and value for local and indigenous cuisine culture. To preserve this culture, we are making a museum MOBILE FOOD MUSEUM, LAGOS. This is an adaptive exhibition structure that will invite visitors to eat, smell, learn, pro-learn (progressive learning) and interact with food; either through physical or non-physical experience, a medium to preserve or understand that certain food culture existed with or without dialogue, because it is one thing for people to know that a food exists and it is another thing to create space for experience and conversation. In collaboration with the project primary stakeholders (Spiritualists, Architects, Food technologists and Young farmers Clubs) in Lagos State Secondary Schools, we shall journey on a research tour to six (6) South-Western States —using experiential and descriptive research methodology, with a collective keen objective to elevate culture, agriculture, food security, improved nutrition and save the planet. 2. Fortunate traveller (By Tope-EniObanke Adegoke and Rebecca Jones) ©Fortunate Traveller Fortunate Traveller is Nigeria's foremost literary travel journal, committed to publishing and promoting nonfictional, itinerant narratives. We believe in travel, and its transformational and enlightenment value, when combined with a responsibility to represent people and places ethically and thoughtfully. Our contributors come from all over the world, with a majority from Nigeria and other African countries, since one of our aims is to provide a platform for early career African travel writers, given the historical under-representation of African writers in the travel writing genre. In Government Pikin: An Anthology of NYSC Travels Vol 1, we have developed the talents and profiles of new travel writers. We are focusing on The National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) scheme because of its contribution to national building, whether it is real or imagined. The scheme was created by the federal government of Nigeria to foster national unity amidst the country's ethnic, linguistic and religious divides. Since 1973, after Nigeria's civil war, tertiary institution graduates under the age of 30, have been participating in a compulsory year of service to the nation. They are usually posted to cities and towns far from their state of origin. The aim is for Nigerian youth to experience and appreciate other people's cultures in a nation where there are more than 250 ethnic groups. Amongst the objectives of the scheme are to remove prejudices, eliminate ignorance and confirm at first hand the similarities among Nigerians of all ethnic groups, to develop ties among Nigerian youths, and to accelerate the national economy. Since the creation of the program people who have gone to serve Nigeria have stories of all kinds to tell: some beautiful, others thrilling, many humorous, and a few others, rather undesirable. These stories have much to tell us about serving our nation, about contemporary Nigeria and what it means to be a young Nigerian, and the experience of being away from home in an unfamiliar place. Fortunate Traveller seeks to grow its journal with these experiences and long-term sustainability by funding both a year of new writing in the journal, and the publication of a new anthology of Nigerian travel writing on the NYSC scheme. This exciting project will both nurture and showcase the talents of a new generation of Nigerian travel writers and allow Fortunate Traveller itself to develop as a journal. 3. Here was once waters (James Notin) ©James Notin Transhumance migration has positioned a country as multilayered as Nigeria at its brink, leading to religious clashes, increased agitations for secession or restructuring of the country. In recent times, there are the primary clashes between South-Western Agrarian communities and the Pastoral Northerners. Across West Africa, this similar pattern can be seen. In the increasing demand for safety against invasion of farmland by herds, often omitted is the cause that necessitated a deeper migration just a few years back. The region of West Africa is strong losing one of its most important water sources, of such is the Lake Chad that have served communities across four countries namely: Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, and Niger; due to global warming and climate change, making it extremely difficult for pastoral farmers to get enough resources for their herds during the dry (no rain) season. This lack of resources has further yielded more in favour of conflict; banditry, clashes between tribes and cultural loss, for communities who for ages have developed their needs in relation to the abundance of the lake. Here Was Once Water is a research-based installation and performance session which seeks to become closer to the firsthand experience of the local communities bordering the Lake Chad. By also simulating the environment within the installation, the project will teleport the public sense organs to experience the reality of people in an intensifying rate. 4. Art for the People: African National Cinemas 1950s-2000s (By Monangambee Ese Joy Emmanuel) ©Art for the People Art for the People: African National Cinemas 1950s-2000s is a series of film screenings (August - November 2023) which look at the emergence of "national" policies for cinema production in the era of decolonization movements and later postcolonial independent states. Through these screenings, Monangambee aims at showcasing how different countries approached the role of cinema in creating a sense of national identity and postcolonial consciousness. We are specifically looking at four target countries: Nigeria, Sudan, Cameroon and Mozambique because they give an entry point into very different colonial (French, British, Portuguese), cultural and political contexts. For each target the country we will be partnering with a local arthouse cinema organization. The screenings will be physical in Lagos and Ibadan and available online worldwide via our website. SUPPORT & CONNECT 2022: SELECTED ENTRIES Highlights Please select Highlights from the opening night of the Jeun Soke project Top


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Our 30+ team of Android Developers is young and highly skilled. Together, we have experience in various kinds of apps, from speech recognition for robots to secure communication, to standard (but exciting and innovative) REST clients for companies from all around the world. We are in constant evolution, and you need to be ready to share your experience to make our environment even better.
Technology changes quickly and the only way to stay in the game is to keep learning new technologies. Netguru gives you plenty of opportunities for learning by using:
We believe that quality is the key to success and that's why we do our best to deliver as clean and well-written code as possible. You'll be part of a team that consists of Front-end Developers, Product Designers, a Quality Assurance Specialist and a Project Manager. As an Android Developer, you'll be a crucial member of this team, and you'll have a chance to contribute to applications we create for start-up type clients from different regions – mostly the UK, the US and Asia.
Since the very first day at Netguru, I've felt supported, respected, and treated as a member of the awesome team. Besides talented people, top-notch projects, and the best tools for your work, you will spot a massive amount of ways to self-improvement.
PLN 5 000 - 6 000 Before Tax (Business Contract)
Duration: 3 months
PLN 8 000 - 15 000 Before Tax (Business Contract)
Duration: indefinite
PLN 16 000 - 25 000 Before Tax (Business Contract)
Duration: indefinite
Sorry, we have no such active offers in this team 😞


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The media has made us familiar with ecological problems such as international warming, greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, as well as many more concerns worrying our natural deposits. We listen to so much concerning reusing as well as going eco-friendly. The new innovation in light bulbs has an answer to lowering all of these planet-damaging problems. LED light bulbs additionally have the solution to how to decrease your electric costs. Allow's have a look at several of the simple truths.
The initials LED mean light emitting diodes. The modern technology, development, and also production of LED light bulbs have actually now made them a budget friendly, money-saving alternative to standard incandescent lights. The compact fluorescent bulb has won the hearts of numerous home owners as a result of its power performance. This is the spiral-shaped light bulb that can be seen in lots of residences today. Although this brand-new small fluorescent bulb present lots of benefits, the LED bulbs far go beyond both the incandescent light bulb and also the small fluorescent light bulb in many categories.
The typical lifespan of an LED bulb is 50,000 hours compared to the compact fluorescent light bulb at 8,000 hours as well as the incandescent comes in last at 1,200 hrs. The very same time period that it takes a 60 watt incandescent bulb to make use of 60 watts, the CFL (portable fluorescent light bulb) will certainly make use of 13-15 watts, and the LED will certainly make use of 6-8 watts. Based upon average use of 30 light bulbs of 60 watt stamina, the operating costs for each type of light bulb would certainly be: incandescent light bulbs – $328.59/ year, CFL bulbs – $76.65/ year, and LED bulbs – $32.85/ year. The savings with LED lights are substantial.
What regarding the ecological effect of street lamp each kind lights? Based upon the ordinary use 30 light bulbs, the incandescent light bulbs emits 4500 pounds of co2 emissions annually. The CFL lights emits a substantially reduced 1051 pounds each year. The LED emits just 451 pounds annually. This is since the LED light bulbs do not warm up like the incandescent and CFL light bulbs. The warmth creates energy intake which releases carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide, and also hazardous waste right into the ambience. Likewise the LED and also incandescent lights consist of no mercury or any kind of various other harmful compound. The CFL bulbs do include levels of mercury which is very poisonous to your wellness as well as the setting.
Various other vital facts that do influence some types of light bulbs are sensitivity to temperature level and also moisture. The CFL lighting and the incandescent lights are both sensitive to severe warm, to extreme cold, and to extreme humidity. The LEDs are not sensitive to any one of these problems. An additional feasible concern is the on/off cycling of specific light lights. The incandescent bulb can show some indications of reduced life-span when activated as well as off rapidly, in a wardrobe for example. The CFL bulb's lifespan is substantially decreased by such on/off biking. The LED bulbs are not affected at all by this biking.
The quantity of light that a bulb generates is gauged in lumens. A 60 watt incandescent light will certainly produce 800 lumens. A 13-15 watt CFL light will generate the very same. A 6-8 watt LED light will certainly produce the very same 800 lumens. The LED light bulbs are likewise extra sturdy than its two counterparts. The LED bulb can take some disconcerting and bumping as well as are not as fragile as the filaments inside the incandescent lights and the glass CFL lights. These both can break very quickly.
The facts represent themselves. The LED light bulbs help in reducing greenhouse gas discharges from nuclear power plant as well as reduced electric expenses for home owners and also organizations. Although the preliminary purchase cost of LED light bulbs start at $18.00, the real savings as well as advantages will certainly soon be understood. As manufacturing and demand boost, no doubt these rates will start to drop. Lots of property owners and also services are starting out replacing the most heavily made use of lights initially with LED lights.
There is a much better alternate to standard incandescent energy- consuming illumination. LED lighting is a money-saving, energy- effective different as well as is just one more way to aid preserve our natural resources. Assist purify the environment, help preserve our setting, conserve cash by going green with LED illumination.
Marianne Porter is the author that recognizes all of the terrific advantages of LED lighting as well as likes sharing this information with others. She has a website [http://www.solarlightsoutletstore.com] which includes solar outside lighting items that make use of just LED light bulbs. Not only will these LED lights last over 20 years, however the solar lights operate off of the free power generated by the sunlight. Visit [http://www.solarlightsoutletstore.com] today to watch some fantastic LED solar outside illumination products today.


text: Training Intake Form Contact Information Name Permanent Home Address City State Zip Code Home Phone Work Phone Pager Cell E-mail Address Emergency Contacts Primary Physician Physician Phone Emergency Contact Phone Relationship Marital Status Spouse/Partners Name Biometric & Health Information Age Height Weight Profession Medications Sport Performance/Enhancement Supplements, Vitamins, Health Herbs, Weight Loss/Gain Pills, Powders, Liquids, and solids taken Lifestyle On a scale from 1-5 what is your daily stress level, and why? (1 being lowest) 12345 How much time do you set aside for social activities or recreation? How many hours per week on the average do you work? Do you smoke? If yes, how much per day? YesNo How often do you consume alcohol, and how much? Level of activity now: SedentarySemi-ActiveActiveExtremely Active Fitness Experience & Goals What are your two top fitness goals, and why? Current workout program Workout Frequency/week Minutes Per Session Fitness Interests Former activities performed Nutrition - rated on scale of 1 - 5 (1 being poor) 12345 Are you willing to change your eating habits? YesNoMaybe Medical History Last Physical/Check-up Is your doctor aware of desire to become more physically active? YesNo History of heart disease, chest pain or discomfort, heart murmur or arrhythmia? YesNo History of coronary artery disease (CAD), Stroke? YesNo Family history of heart disease (Parents, Grandparents, Siblings)? YesNo If yes, specify relationship and age at time of event or diagnosis High blood pressure or taking Anti-hypertension medications? YesNo If on medication, specify drug and type of drug Borderline or high serum blood cholesterol (>200 MG/DL)? YesNo History of breathing or lung problems (asthma or chronic bronchitis)? YesNo Severe shortness of breath during daily activities? YesNo Any sleeping disorders or trouble having a good night's rest? YesNo Muscle, Joint, and/or back pain or disorder of arthritis or prior injury? YesNo Specify details, such as what might aggravate the condition, which side of body, pain scale, causes, etc. History of hernia or any condition that lifting weights could aggravate? YesNo Surgery or hospitalization within the last 12 months? (If yes, specify incident). YesNo Surgery or hospitalization planned (in or out patient procedure) within next 30 days? (If yes, please specify) YesNo Excessive accumulation of body fat? YesNo History of diabetes (Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes, Insulin Dependent Diabetes)? Thyroid condition (hypo/hyperthyroid) Seizure activity? YesNo Pregnancy now or within the last 3 months? YesNo If pregnant, when are you expecting? Any difficulty with exertion or advice from MD not to exercise or limit activities? YesNo Any chronic or prolonged illness or condition? YesNo Any other condition not addressed above that may be aggravated by an increase in physical activity? YesNo If Yes, please explain Were you Referred? YesNo If yes, By Whom? How did you find me? GoogleOther Search EngineTwitterFacebookLinkedInOther If "Other", please specify


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Plunkett Cooney attorney Claudia D. Orr was recently named by Michigan Lawyers Weekly's (MLW) to its 2021 Class of "Women in the Law."
"This is a tremendous honor for Claudia who is an outstanding employment law attorney," said Thomas P. Vincent, Plunkett Cooney's President and CEO. "She represents a range of employers from Fortune 500 companies to nonprofits. She is also very involved in the southeast Michigan HR community, so this well-deserved on several levels."
Orr was among 34 women honored at a luncheon on Sept. 9 at the Detroit Marriott in Troy where one member of the 2021 class was also named "Woman of the Year." MLW, a leading publication serving the state's legal industry, recognized this year's honorees in a special section of the newspaper that was distributed yesterday.
The MLW editorial staff selected this year's honorees because they made outstanding contributions to the practice of law in Michigan and set an example for other lawyers. These women are pioneers and trailblazers, educators and role models. They have shown tremendous leadership and offer a wealth of expertise in diverse areas of the law.
A senior attorney in the firm's Detroit office, Orr exclusively represents and advises employers in litigation, human resources matters and labor law disputes. These matters include hiring, discipline/discharge, ADA and FMLA leaves, workers' disability compensation, public policy, unpaid commissions and whistleblower issues and many other areas of employment law.
Dbusiness magazine also named Orr a Top Lawyer in Labor & Employment Law in 2010, 2015 and 2020. Since 2014, she has been listed by Best Lawyers in America as one of the state's top employment attorneys, and she has received the top peer review rating of AV-Preeminent as awarded by Martindale-Hubbell, an international peer review rating service.


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project free tv was one of the best programmes in the past, but it has already vanished into thin air.
All of this occurred on July 24, 2017. There are a plethora of options for this programme that will provide you with different experiences.
We Do Not Encourage Piracy: We do not encourage or support piracy. This content is solely for educational purposes. We propose paying for a streaming service that provides legal access to the movies you wish to view online. There are numerous low-cost options, such as Netflix and Hulu. It encourages authors to keep creating outstanding stuff!
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Project Free TV – 22 Best Alternatives To Watch Movies In 2021
1. CouchTuner
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This is one of the applications available to you that will allow you to view all of the movies you desire for free online. and viewers will be able to watch any movie in 1080p high quality without having to register or provide personal information. Simply access the webpage and you're ready to begin.
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This is also one of the options. You will be able to watch both full-length programmes and movies.
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This is one of the most popular online applications. This application has over a hundred million satisfied users.
We highly recommend this software if you want to download and view any movie or TV show you want.
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You can watch movies for free. All you have to do is sign up for this website and you will receive all updates in your inbox.
14. SolarMovie
This application has a large collection of movies that you may view online for free. The fact that you do not need to enter any personal information or register in order to watch movies is a plus for this programme.
We know the names are too clear, but we'll explain what this is anyhow. There are high definition and high quality 1080p videos accessible.
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18. The WatchSeries
The WatchSeries is number twenty-one. WatchSeries is another good Project Free TV alternatives clone. We find it amusing to spell Project Free TV's clone because we believe the watch online series – show was already multifarious.
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The specialty items
Patrons have secured the availability of top quality HD picture, whether it is a popular TV Show or a movie.
The collection has over 20,000 distinct movies and TV shows from various genres and classifications.
19. Zmovies
This website will allow all visitors to view online high definition movies for free, and they will be able to do so without registering or revealing any personal information.
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The bulk of pirated movie operators offer TV programmes in the United States. Such shows are popular with the general public. They also fade away during periods of excessive sluggishness. If you need to unwind after a hard day of work, nothing beats watching an exciting movie.
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View with the best possible HD picture quality.
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If you enjoy 1080p high definition Bollywood Hindi movies, this is one of the websites to visit. You will be able to view all of the moves you desire for free. There are also Tollywood films listed. Tollywood films will be dubbed in Hindi.
22. The 123Hulu
Advertisements, like Project Free TV, never irritate movie or TV show viewers.
Project FREE TV: Reason Behind the shutdown
This application is both illegal and free, which is why it has grown to be quite popular, and many individuals have begun to use it.
Many large corporations, such as Netflix, Hulu, and other streaming services, lose a significant amount of money.
As a result, lawyers and cybercrime cells begin fighting against the owners of these applications, and they are eventually forced to shut down the application and launch another, less popular programme.
There are plenty other programmes available, but these are the finest we discovered.
Please leave a comment if you find anything better, and we will update this Free Project tv post accordingly.
Free tv Project, Streaming Sites, Free Streaming Sites, Online for free, Online Free, Streaming websites, watch series, Project Free TV


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lower left in block: AC; lower right in graphite: Asa Cheffetz; lower left edge in graphite by unknown hand: "Deserted Farm"
Marks and Labels
stamped center right verso in black ink: F.B.B. (circled)
Frank B. Bristow, Falls Church, Virginia; Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, 1968; acquired 2015 by the National Gallery of Art
- 1984
- New England Engraved: The Prints of Asa Cheffetz. Springfield, Massachusetts: Museum of Fine Arts, 1984, pp. 119, 131, no. 91.
- 2016
- Windisch, Gail, and Sylvan Cole, Jr. Art for Every Home: An Illustrated Index of Associated American Artists Prints, Ceramics, and Textile Designs. Manhattan: Marianna Kistler Beach Museum of Art, Kansas State University, 2016, p. 120, no. 1080.
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I sent some informations(files) to comodo to analyse.What now?Do I get some informations about the results?
Don't think so…in the help-file it just stand:
"After sending the file to us, our developers will determine whether it presents a threat to the user and take immediate action to nullify it"
Sure.That pop-up said that some game(icy-tower) tryed to connect to internet with firefox.but that game was not opened ,but she staid(from tha last time I played her) in task menager as a process and I have to manuel turn that game off with end process option.
We take the uploaded files and we analyse to find out
1)if they are malware
2)if not malware then we put them into the safelist
3)we update the safelist
This way, we hope to have one of the (if not the biggest) safelist around so that you will never get a popup!
Ok melih.But all pop-ups have option to send to the analyse.Is it ok to you that I send all files to be analysed.Thats no problem to me. (L)
We would love you to send us ALL…
the more the better for us pls.
Actually I would encourage everyone to send us all the files! This will help us build a really comprehensive safelist which is great for everyone.
thank you
OK!!Every pop-up I will send to you.You can in next help file tell that we can send allways files. (:NRD)
Ok thanks


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As a wave of murders remains unsolved, the FBI enlists the help of Hanson, who finds himself embroiled in a desperate and dangerous fight between the authorities, a vigilante, and the Reserve he calls home.
Join FTIA and get full access to 1,500+ active projects filming near you.
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Mrityu suktam mrityunjaya and mrtityu nivarana mantras part 01 part 02 list of upanishads ganapati upanishad atharva seersha from atharva veda. This has been writtn by a woman sage by name vaak, who is the daughter of sage ambrunar. Sri suktam in hindi lyrics shree suktam pdf or lakshmi. Sri sukta, also known as shri lakshmi suktam, is a devotional hymn revering sri as lak. Since tradition mandates that all the suktas in the vedas must specify the i m. Dec 11, 2018 devi suktam with lyrics alka yagnik ya devi sarva bhuteshu bhakti song mata mantra duration. Meaning we bow to the divine goddess in all existence who resides in the form of energy. Rigveda in devanagari and transliteration with translation. The text of goddess shakti from goddess shakti fulfills every aspiration of the seeker, removes obstacles in any work, eliminates mental anguish, gives wealth, bliss and splendour, and gives happiness. Rigveda translation of vedic experience by professor raimon panikkar one of the finest translations into english. The devata is also vagambh i, meaning that the seer. Sri karunamayi amma has explained that the sri suktam is the essence of the vedas, and that it contains all the important information about divne mother.
Devi suktam misfortune remover from rig veda durga saptashati. The devi suktam or the vaak sutam vak suktam occurs in the 10th. The seer of the mantra is vak, the daughter of rishi ambh a. Tantroktam devi suktam is also known as chandi path. The goddess mentioned in devi suktam is adiparashakti with all her aspects and forms like durga, lakshmi, saraswati etc. Ya devi sarvabhuteshu, shakti rupena samsthita i namastastyai ii namastastyai ii namastastyai namo namaha ii12ii. Ratri suktam is to be recited 23 times before sleeping. Concluding stotras, traditionally recited after the devi mahatmyam. This sukta occurs as mantras 1 to 8 in rigveda, 10th mandala, 10th adyayay, 127th sukta. The term sri in rig veda was used to portray the highly desirable virtues such as radiance, splendor, divine beauty, fortune, prosperity, abundance, bliss, happiness, welfare, possession of desired objects etc. Devi suktam as described in the xth canto of the rg veda translated by rajkishore mishra. Devi suktam rg veda mandalam 10, suktam 125 by brahmasri narendra kapre.
Vaak sukta, also known as devi sukta is a popular hymn from the rig veda 10. Approx 500 years ago punjabi only download to easy download use idm or right click on download and click save link as to download. During the navaratri chanting devi sukta is too auspicious, the text of goddess sukta is very fruitful. Her words, perhaps, remain the boldest, uncompromising proclamations of the realisation of advaitic nondualistic truth by any seer in the entire realm of the vedas. A word for word meaning of vak suktam, gveda, 4, ramak a.
Since i am beyond mutable knowledge and even the immutable wisdom, therefore, i am the known as the supreme one. Chanting tantroktam devi suktam destroys all obstacles from ones life. It is a chant explaining the significance and power of water to bring auspiciousness to the world. This has been written by a woman sage by name vaak, who is the daughter of sage ambrunar. Cany any sanskrit knowers help me know the meaning of this suktam. The devi suktam or the vaak sutam vak suktam occurs in the 10th mandala of rg veda samhita as suktam number 125. Devi suktam and aparadhakshamapana stotram normalsize print. Ratri suktam is also used by people having sleep disorder. This ancientmost devi sukta is indeed a gateway to saptasati candi. Sri, in general visvasri, represented all the beautiful and resplendent aspects. The reedition 2005 of rig veda mantra samhita, isbn 8179940152, was reset using another typeface. Ratri suktam by yogi ananda saraswathi goddess vidya. It is traditionally recited with the devi mahatmyam, one of the most important texts of the vast shakta canon, and is a companion to the beautiful ratrisukta.
Raghavendra sharma vol 1, vol 2, vol 3, and vol 4 from rigveda. The seer of the mantra is vak, the daughter of rishi ambh. Om asato ma sadgamaya om bhadram karnebhih om purnamadah purnamidam om sahana vavatu om sarvesham swastirvavatu om sarve bhavantu sukhinah om shamno mitrah sham varunah om vang me manasi pratisthita om dyauha shantirantariksha shantihi vedic suktas mantras. Regular recitations of ratri suktam bring ones mind in tune to sleep quicker. The sri suktam is a beautiful vedic hymn in honor of the divine mother sri maha lakshmi devi. The mantra drashta of the suktam is vaak, the daughter of rishi ambhrina. This is supposed to be the sukta that is liked most by devi and hence, it is chanted by thousands of wise men everyday. As adi parashakti is the supreme brahman in shakta tradition. The rig vedic samhita or collection of mantras consists of 1. The chants of rig veda were born, the chants of sama veda were born, and from that the wellknown meters were born, and from that yajur veda was born. The devisukta, or hymn to the goddess, is found in the rg veda rv 10. Jan 01, 20 ratri suktam invokes devi for removing avidyaignorance and inner nocturnal enemies such as sleeplessness, lust etc. I proceed with the rudras, with the vasus, with the adityas and the vishvadevas. Bhai bale wali janam sakhi explain in detail about travels and story of shri guru nanak dev ji by bala who travels with guru nanak, then written everything as seen.
Ratri suktam rig vedic sanskrit text link devi suktam rig vedic sanskrit text link. This hymn from the rig veda, the worlds most ancient book is the ratri sukta. It is described in the candi that maharaja suratha and vaisya samadhi meditated on the mother eternal by chanting the devi suktam. Vaak suktam or devi suktam is in rig veda mandala 10 as sukta 125 the rishika of this sukam is vagambharni i. A collection of spiritual and devotional literature in various indian languages in sanskrit, samskrutam, hindia, telugu, kannada, tamil, malayalam, gujarati, bengali, oriya, english scripts with pdf. The rig veda is accorded primacy among the four vedas. The rig veda is a collection of inspired songs or hymns and is a main source. At present, the audio of sri rudram namakam 15m chamakam 9m, manyu suktam 5m, purusha suktam 7m, sri suktam 6m, mantra pushpam m, laghunyasam are available for download. Sri suktam or shri lakshmi suktam in english shree suktam pdf. The electronic rig veda pdf files downloadable below are those of the first edition 1998 using the typeface depicted above. Ramani sastrigal vol 1, vol 2 1998, rigveda vol 1 through 4 2004 chanted by v. Devi kavacham argala stotram kilak stotram saptashati stotram with sanskrit lyrics duration. Tantrokta ratri suktam tvam swaha tvam swadha tvam hi vasatkarah svaratmika.
List of suktas from vedas, rigveda sanskrit documents. Oct 21, 2011 bhai bale wali janam sakhi explain in detail about travels and story of shri guru nanak dev ji by bala who travels with guru nanak, then written everything as seen. Sri suktam in hindi sri sukta, also known as shri suktam, is a devotional hymn revering sri as lak. The devas sang these verses to the devi mahisasurmardini after she destroyed the asura mahisha. The sri suktam describes sri goddess lakshmi as glorious, ornamented, royal, lustrous as gold, and radiant as fire, moon and the sun. Ratri suktam also tunes up the energy level in the body. Hiranyagarbha suktam rig vedic ghrita suktam aka samudra suktam pavamana suktam punyahavachanam sanskrit text link. We bow to her, we bow to her, we continually bow to her. Jan 09, 2020 sri suktam ke fayde, sri suktam ke labh, sri suktam benefits, sri suktam, sri suktam in hindi, sri suktam pdf, sri suktam mp3 download, sri suktam lyrics. Tantroktam devi suktam is recited at the end of devi mahatmya.
Free download all ved and puran pdf hindi ved puran. The tantroktam devi suktam is a part of the durga saptashati. Gurumurti bhat shridhara bhat to get daily spiritual messages from vedadhara telegram. Goddess suktam is a mantra of rig veda which is also known as ambhrani suktam. The devi suktam or the vaak sutam v ak suktam occurs in the 10th.
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