text:
US Embassy – A diplomatic mission is a group of people from one state or an international inter-governmental organisation (such as the United Nations) present in another state to represent the sending state/organisation officially in the receiving state.
WAE Office Management Rover (Sensitive)
Job Specifications:
- Full Time
- Required Qualifications: NCE – OND – BA/BSC/HND
- Location: Abuja | Nigeria.
Job Description:
- The work schedule for this position is: Intermittent (Irregular)
- Start date: Candidate must be able to begin working within a reasonable period of time (6 weeks) of receipt of agency authorization and/or clearances/certifications or their candidacy may end.
- Supervisory Position: No
- Relocation Expenses Reimbursed: No
- Travel Required: Not Required
Basic Function of the Position
- On an as-needed basis, incumbent will provide temporary office and functional coverage for American employees.
- S/he will be required to perform short-term assistance for special projects or periods of increased work levels in any mission office to which the incumbent is assigned.
- S/he provide secretarial and administrative support to various sections, as assigned within the Mission.
Qualifications and Requirements:
- Experience: One (1) year of administrative or clerical office work experience while dealing with customers is required.
- Job Knowledge: Knowledge of proper and efficient secretarial and office management procedures is required.
- Education Requirements: College or 2 years University studies is required.
- Evaluations: This may be tested. Please specify your level of proficiency in the language listed.
- Language: Fluent in Speaking/Reading/Writing of English is required.
Skills and Abilities:
- Good computer skills, with proficiency in the use of Microsoft Outlook and Office (Word and Excel) and the ability to type 40 WPM are required.
- Ability to work under pressure, prioritize tasks, strong organizational and interpersonal skills are required.
Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO):
- The U.S. Mission provides equal opportunity and fair and equitable treatment in employment to all people without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, political affiliation, marital status, or sexual orientation.
- All applicants under consideration will be required to pass medical and security certifications.
Benefits and Other Info
Agency Benefits:
- Locally Employed Staff, including Members of Household (MOHs), and Third-Country Nationals (TCNs), working at the U.S. Mission in Abuja, Nigeria may receive a compensation package that may include health, separation, and other benefits.
- For EFMs, benefits should be discussed with the Human Resources Office.
- The pay plan is assigned at the time of the conditional offer letter by the HR Office.
Other Information:
- For the current COVID-19 Requirements please visit the following link.
Hiring Preference Selection Process:
- Applicants in the following hiring preference categories are extended a hiring preference in the order listed below. Therefore, it is essential that these applicants accurately describe their status on the application. Failure to do so may result in a determination that the applicant is not eligible for a hiring preference.
Hiring Preference Order:
- AEFM / USEFM who is a preference-eligible U.S. Veteran*
- FS on LWOP and CS with reemployment rights **
* Important
- Applicants who claim status as a preference-eligible U.S. Veteran must submit a copy of their most recent DD-214 ("Certificate of Release or Discharge from Active Duty"), Letter from Veterans' Affairs which indicates the present existence of a service-connected disability dated within the past six months, equivalent documentation, or certification. A "certification" is any written document from the armed forces that certifies the service member is expected to be discharged or released from active duty service in the armed forces under honorable conditions within 120 days after the certification is submitted by the applicant. The certification letter should be on letterhead of the appropriate military branch of the service and contain (1) the military service dates including the expected discharge or release date; and (2) the character of service. Acceptable documentation must be submitted in order for the preference to be given.
- ** This level of preference applies to all Foreign Service employees on LWOP and CS with re-employment rights back to their agency or bureau.
- For more information (i.e., what is an EFM, USEFM, AEFM, MOH, etc.?) and for additional employment considerations, please visit the following link.
Marketing Statement:
- We encourage you to read and understand the Eight (8) Qualities of Overseas Employees before you apply.
USD $38,894 / Annum
Method of Application
Qualified and interested candidate should Apply by Clicking the Button below.
Deadline: August 19, 2022
Article Rating


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- Measure the voltage of the battery at rest using a voltmeter. This is known as the open-circuit voltage (OCV) and is a good indicator of the battery's SOC.
- Create a look-up table or curve that relates the OCV to the SOC for your specific battery. This table can be generated by performing a discharge/charge test on the battery and measuring the OCV at various points throughout the test.
- In your MATLAB code, read the current OCV of the battery and use the look-up table or curve to determine the corresponding SOC.
- Use the SOC value in your calculations or algorithms as needed.
Battery SOC Using voltage Method
How to estimate the Battery State Of Charge (SOC) using Voltage method
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To estimate the battery state of charge (SOC) using the voltage method in MATLAB, you can use the following steps:
It's important to note that the voltage method is not the most accurate way to estimate the SOC of a battery, and other methods such as the coulomb counting method may provide more accurate results. Additionally, the accuracy of the voltage method can be affected by factors such as temperature, battery age, and discharge/charge rate.
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Assam Animal Husbandry Grade IV / Junior Assistant Admit Card will release soon. The Department in this regard shall provide a download link of the call letter. Aspirants who have submitted the online application can easily download the hall ticket through the direct link enclosed. The applicants can even visit the official website to fetch the call letter as well. Get Assam Animal Husbandry Admit Card 2021 for Junior Assistant & Grade IV through the direct link in addition to the Selection process right from here. Thus, stay tuned for more updates.
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Assam Admit Card Overview
Department Name | Directorate of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary, Assam |
Post Designation | Junior Assistant, Electrician/Plant Operator & Grade IV |
Application Start Date | 27th February, 2021 |
Closing Date to Apply | 5th April 2021 |
Job Type | State Government Jobs |
Place of Posting | Assam |
Exam Date | Update Soon |
Recruitment Notice | Get here |
Aspirants if you have been searching for Assam Animal Husbandry Admit Card 2021, then you need to wait for few days. The reason is that the closing date of application is extended until 5th April 2021. Now, post the application form, the Directorate will start the selection process.hence, get to know the selection stages, exam pattern and also the necessary instructions on the modules below.
Assam Animal Husbandry Junior Assistant & Grade IV Selection Process
Directorate of Animal husbandry Assam Recruitment Selection Process is what the aspirants must clear for selection. The Department will conduct the the selection tests to finalise the candidates. After this, the list of candidates selected will be available. The Selection for both the Junior Assistant and Grade IV is as follows –
Post Name | Selection Process |
Grade 4 Posts | On the basis of Written Examination |
Junior Assistant | On the basis of – (i) First Phase Test (OMR based Written Test) and (ii) Second Phase Test (Computer Proficiency Test) |
Electrician/ Plant Operator | On the basis of Written Examination |
Assam Animal Husbandry Recruitment Written Exam Pattern
The Assam Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Recruitment Exam Pattern shall share the important details of the Test. Aspirants through this section can get to know the exam topics to prepare, mark distribution, negative marking scheme, question type, duration of the test, etc. Thus, with these details the exam participants will be much better positioned to prepare for the Written Exam. The Post Wise Written Exam Pattern is as follows –
For Assam Animal Husbandry Grade IV Posts
Subjects | Marks | Duration |
Reasoning, Numerical Ability, History with special reference to Assam, Geography, English, General Knowledge | 100 | 2 Hours |
- The Question will be MCQ based.
- No of Questions will be 100.
- There will be ¼ (one fourth) negative mark for each wrong answer
Phase I Exam Pattern for Junior Assistant(HQ) and (Sub-ordinate)
Exam Topics | Marks |
General awareness/General knowledge and Current affairs | 20 |
History of India and Assam | 20 |
General Mathematics. | 20 |
English Language Proficiency | 20 |
Logical Reasoning and Aptitude test | 20 |
Total Marks for Written Test | 100 |
For Electrician/Plant Operator Posts
Exam Subjects | Marks |
General English | 10 |
General Knowledge and Intelligence with Special emphasis on Assam | 30 |
Logical Reasoning and Quantitative Aptitude test | 30 |
Technical Matter | 30 |
Total Marks for Written Test | 100 |
- The duration of the Written Test will be of 2 ½ hours
- The test will be of 100 questions and will be completely OMR based.
- Each question will carry 1 (one) mark.
- There will be negative marking of ½ (half) mark for each wrong answer.
- The candidates will have to use black ball pen to answer the OMR based answer sheet.
2nd Phase Test (Computer Proficiency Test) Pattern Overview
In case of recruitment of Junior Assistant, the Written Exam shortlisted candidates need to appear for a Computer Proficiency Test) as a 2nd Phase Test. This Test (CPT) will be computer based examination to test the knowledge of computer relevant to posts applied for. The proficiency of computer operations will be tested in office productivity software tools (independent) of any operating system i.e. MS Windows Linux Mac etc. such as (a)Word processor,(b) Spread sheet,© Presentation graphics,(d) Concept of Database, (e) Internet, (f) e-mail.
You may check >> Animal Husbandry Assam Grade IV / Junior Assistant Syllabus Here
Animal Husbandry Assam Recruitment 2021 Exam Date
The Last Date of Application was extended until 5th April 2021. Thus, after the closing date, the Department will organise the Grade IV & Junior Assistant Exam one after the other or at a same time. The aspirants need to wait for the official announcement. Meanwhile stay tuned to this page as we will let you know the updates through this page. However, make sure to download the Assam Animal Husbandry Admit Card 2021 as early as possible to avoid any hassle at the eleventh hour.
Grade IV Exam Date | Update Soon |
Junior Assistant Exam Date | Update Soon |
Electrician/Plant Operator Exam Date | Update Soon |
Essential ID Proofs to carry with Calcutta HC DEO Admit Card
In addition to Calcutta HC DEO Admit Card 2021, candidates should carry certain additional documents to the Exam Hall for the sake of identification purpose. They are in this fashion
- PAN Card.
- Driving License.
- Aadhar Card.
- Driving License.
- Bank Passbook.
- Passport.
- Ration Card.
- College ID.
- Voter ID.
Key Data on Animal Husbandry Grade 4 / Junior Assistant Call Letter
The online downloaded Assam Animal Husbandry Grade 4 / Junior Assistant Call Letter shall have key information apart from the candidates details. The list of key information as available are as under –
- Name.
- Registration / Roll Number
- Category.
- Scanned Photograph.
- Exam Date.
- Examination Centre Code.
- Reporting Time.
- Test Centre.
- Necessary Instructions.
Steps to download Animal Husbandry Assam Hall Ticket 2021
The Animal Husbandry Assam Grade IV & Junior Assistant Admit Card will be available online from the official website of the Directorate. The call letter will not be available by postal services, hence if you are having issues in fetching the hall ticket, then you can go through the following steps as under –
- At first, visit the Directorate Website at www.animalhusbandry.assam.gov.in
- On the homepage, search for the Recruitment and Career Option.
- Now, tap on the option to open.
- A new web page will open in a new window.
- On the page, search for the Animal Husbandry Assam Admit card link.
- Tap on the option to open it.
- A login window will open on the screen.
- Fill the required fields to Login.
- Verify the filled data and then hit the Login Button.
- Thus, the Assam Animal Husbandry hall Ticket 2021 will be available on screen.
- Finally, take a print out of it, & keep it safe for future reference.
Direct Link to Assam Animal Husbandry Admit Card Download
Grade IV Post Admit Card Download | Click Here |
Junior Assistant(HQ) and (Sub-ordinate) Admit Card Download | Click Here |
Electrician/Plant Operator Admit Card Download | Click Here |
We believe the data provided above as far as our knowledge is concerned has been useful to you to the possible extent. Hence stay tuned to this page for daily updates on Assam Animal Husbandry Grade 4 & Junior Assistant Hall Ticket 2021. Furthermore, visit our portal for Sarkari Naukri Updates of State and Central Level.


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Are brands so powerful today that you could launch one without a product and still make a splash in the market? To find out, the Guardian newspaper created a fictional brand with nothing to offer but the power of its own advertising campaign, and 1,562 people responded.
'Joy' is a brand without a product. People used to make money by selling things; today, we make money by selling an emotional attachment to a brand - and power accrues to those who best know how to make a logo, or a product name, or the music for a TV ad that catches the imagination of the public.
That's the theory, anyway. To test it, the Guardian concocted an experiment: to design and launch a brand that was nothing but a brand - not a product or a service, just pure brand - and find out whether that alone could bring consumers flocking to phone lines and websites to register their interest. Our branded culture has created a vast array of specialists - branding consultants, brand-naming experts, brand psychologists - and over several weeks a team of Guardian journalists and marketing staff worked with a selection of them to create a fictional brand launch from first concept to national advertising campaign. Joy was the result.
Vast advertisements for Joy begin to appear in the Guardian newspaper, daily, over six days. To gauge response, the ads invited respondents to call a free telephone number, so space at a commercial telephone bank was hired to take calls. A web address was advertised, too. Within the first 24 hours, hundreds of people phoned or visited the website.
By the time Joy ended its brief foray into the public consciousness, 1,562 people had visited the website or called the telephone line. Joy had stirred some kind of emotion, some kind of interest, in thousands of people.
a) Match the words from the text on the left with their meanings on the right.
Words in text Meaning (1) c concocted a) moving in large numbers (2) a flocking b) excursion (3) d gauge c) devised (4) b foray d) evaluate
b) Choose the best answer.
(1) Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the article? a) How to Get Some 'Joy' in your Life. / b) The Power of Brands. / c) The Guardian Newspaper Goes Commercial. /
(2) The writer believes that the 'Joy' experiment … a) has cost the Guardian newspaper a lot of money. / b) has proved how easily influenced people can be. / c) created a lot of interest amongst the public. /


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Please use Patchs© for your general enquiries, or to request a fit note.
should also use Patchs to request a GP letter, a medical report or private/ non-NHS examinations.
When the Patchs service is available, the link will be visible on the home page.
One of the lessons of the COVID pandemic was that a sizable minority of our patients does not have access
to the Internet, and so, to avoid healthcare inequalities, the
Patchs service will be turned off at times to ensure that those without the Internet
get fair access to services.
Lab results
Please note that, for those of you with access to the Internet, lab test results are available
through the NHS App. To view lab results, you will need additional security clearance;
the practice staff can help you with this.


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All the info in the world can't necessarily assist with that downside. Dating apps proceed to be a shiny spot for experimental ideas, despite class giants like Tinder dominating with a a lot cloned swipe-to-match method. Tech big Facebook also now has its own designs on the house. But seems there's no mounted formula for locating love or chemistry. The most surprising thing that happened to me was somewhat ingenious and terrifying, in retrospect. I "nexted" someone and saw a guy hanging by his neck from a rope tied to the ceiling.
Can I use a free VPN to unblock Chatroulette?
While some free VPNs could unblock Chatroulette, we advise against them for a quantity of causes. The first is that many free VPNs merely do not unblock Chatroulette. With so many individuals using free VPNs, the IP addresses are shortly flagged and blocked.
Blindlee is also using video because the chemistry-channeling medium to assist users resolve in the occasion that they match or not. Though their interlocutor also has to agree to the discount so neither side can unilaterally rip the screen away. Are you in search of the most effective betting website to begin out your reside cricket betting journey? Parimatch supply quick payouts, multiple withdrawal methods and different advantages. Even if you want to attempt to have a dialog with him, which I'm positive you wont, it's not going to work. Maybe he needs to show off his penis to as many individuals as potential, or perhaps he's waiting to have a conversation with a woman or man higher trying than me.
Summers By Elin Hilderbrand: Should You Invest Your Time?
Some might consider it as a downgrade when it's actually an excellent characteristic. You can benefit from so many scorching chicks who need to do what you command, simply preserve looking out. Since there aren't any member profiles on the positioning, you will need verbal communication to know additional concerning the members. In the tip, the thought of a "chat roulette" is great.
The name additionally begins "100% blurred" — for obvious, 'dick pic' avoidance causes. Chatroulette is a complete web site that lets you choose your partner's gender and sexual orientation. In other phrases, in case you are a member of the LGBT group, Chatroulette is a good solution for expressing yourself with out concern of other people's reactions. Therefore, if you're trying to find like-minded people, Chatroulette will assist you to. The web site additionally has potential for showing you lots of random and funny entertaining things, like guys in full mime gear smoking weed. Bazoocam- Bazoocam is a well-liked chat web site that rapidly connects you with strangers to speak.
- Using Chatroulette for instance, we want to show the primary advantages of video chats and explain why you shouldn't be afraid of chat rooms.
- Also, based on the principles of Chatroulette, the platform is forbidden to be used by individuals under 18 years old.
- He said I needed to ship him €200 or he would send the video of me to my friends and family.
- Its Instagram-like function, meanwhile, presents fun filter options to make your profile photograph more enticing.
Also, you can indicate your pursuits in a separate subject in order that the system looks for essentially the most suitable interlocutors for you. Chatrandom's video chat app has an ideal mix of simplicity and social stimulation. Seeing it on your house display, it's simply so tempting to open the roulette and begin connecting to strangers. Chatroulette is one of the hottest omegle random chat alternative. Often a webcam based chat like Omegle, it makes use of its particular algorithms to pair two unrelated strangers collectively. It has a Russian Roulette feel to it, with the option to "kill" the conversation if the companion with whom you are paired is simply too dull.
Prime time financial savings Uncover the most recent and best quietly from across categories, curated by the Kinja Deals staff. But on-line courting is pivoting to video, whether we like it or not. If you like video chatting, this random chat like Omegle is the one for you. Chatrandom supplies one of many best ways to interact in a video chat with strangers. Here, you only chaturoulette need to pick your gender and verify you are 18+ years old and above. The Chatrandom will do the relaxation of the job and pair you to certainly one of its thousands of active users on-line. Video chatting has turn out to be quite popular nowadays as a result of it provides a feel of real-life dialog.
Why do I want a VPN for Chatroulette?
Another purpose to keep away from free VPNs is due to their poor efficiency. You'll quickly notice the difference between a free VPN and one of the best paid VPNs for Chatroulette. Free VPNs usually have a smaller community of servers and with so many users, are compelled to impose usage restrictions. This means video chatting on Chatroulette and streaming Netflix might be irritating with lots of lag and buffering. In distinction, one of the best paid VPNs have 1000's of servers, allowing you to entry all sorts of geo-restricted and government-censored content.
Features embrace filters and effects in your video output, robust filters to regulate your matches , and a zero-tolerance strategy to predators, cyberbullying, racism, and spam. Some undergo from the identical points; others supply features that help to make it a safer setting for you to chat with random folks. Profile creation is a vital a half of utilizing online dating sites; Chatroulette isn't an exception. But what makes the location interesting is its user-friendly algorithm. Creating a profile here isn't an advanced task, ideally a easy formality.
Cell Accessories
Choose the positioning profile photograph to assist others connect with you more simply. The shopper needs to begin the chat on the positioning and may depart any chat room by connecting to the opposite chat room at any given point of time. Chatroulette markets itself as a fun and secure technique of talking to people on-line through webcam based totally conversation utilizing people's microphones. They also present a textual content material chat nevertheless your digital camera nonetheless must be energetic whereas utilizing it. If you don't thoughts video chatting with random strangers and dealing with unmonitored nudity, then by all means, sign as much as Chatroulette. But in case you are reserved and would not be comfortable with this, then it's greatest to look for other chat websites which are conservative in nature. As its name suggests, Chatroulette is a roulette-based chat web site that pairs customers for webcam-chatting through a roulette of sorts.
Chatroulette $7Ninety Nine Rip-off — Evaluate
Using a geolocation algorithm typical of video chat websites, Bazoocam pairs strangers based mostly on their location. If you don't know the way to start the conversation, you presumably can invite them to play games within the system like Tetris, four in a Row, and Tic Tac Toe. Chatroulette is amongst the most popular reside chat sites since its inception in 2010. The site presents the power of video chat with other customers. Why folks discover this relationship site extraordinarily addictive and exotic?
Based on our document, Chatrouletteshould be more in style than Chatrandom. We are tracking product suggestions and mentions on Reddit, HackerNews and some other platforms. They might help you establish which product is extra well-liked and what people consider it. Chatroulette is considered as one of the best sites just like Omegle.
Using a blur impact to protect privacy is not in itself completely a brand new thought. Chatrandom bears the title of a regularly used chat roulette, and there are a number of reasons for this. Here you cannot only chat with random users but in addition use particular "Rooms" in accordance with your interests. For example, there are chat rooms for movie and music lovers. Also, Chatrandom rigorously selects customers – the likelihood of assembly a bot is minimal, which could be very convenient. Even although hundreds of strangers visit Chatroulette Videochat, and the platform offers many advantages for users, you may wish to change the source of communication. Therefore, we chosen 4 platforms that aren't inferior to Chatroulette when it comes to functionality, usability, reliability, and security.
Checking If The Site Connection Is Secure
Camfrog is older but took off evaluate than Chatroulette. This video chat and prompt messaging service allows individuals to meet strangers from different time zones alternate options chat rooms. It also has a parental control web site evaluation can filter out adult-themed chat rooms, dating it secure for youthful customers. Fruzo is a video dating web site that works a lot like a social networking platform. Launched in , CamSurf is popular for its easy design evaluation relationship you to search out folks based on chatroulette, location, and language. These filter choices ensure that you and your new pal can easily understand one another. This Chatroulette different is similar to Tinder, which permits you to keep swiping till quietly discover your good match.
This is an excellent outcome, as Chatspin managed to outperform its rivals. Camfrog is older but took off later than Chatroulette. This video chat and immediate messaging service allows individuals to satisfy strangers from different time zones by way of chat rooms. It also has a parental control feature that may filter out adult-themed chat rooms, making it secure for youthful customers. If you handle not apps run out of things to say to a stranger in three minutes, which is like 5 elevator rides, congrats! You can mutually decide whether to chatroulette the conversation going through in-app textual content. While taking can filter only by age range, Nasan tells Gizmodo that Blindlee aims to add taking like faith and maybe apps choice to scroll via profiles apps apps and select.
Most of its users are exhibitionists whose sole objective is to gross you out, or they're creepy voyeurs NOT seeking to chat. The other customers are people like me, solely on the positioning to fulfill their curiosity, kill time, or like Jon Stewart put it on "The Daily Show," reporters mining for a story. Our goal is to be goal, easy and your first stop when researching for a model new service to help you grow your corporation. We will help you discover alternatives and reviews of the merchandise you already use.


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Prime Companies
Carbon Steel EN 44 Channels are composed of several materials, including iron ore and carbon, that consist of up to 2.1% Carbon and 0.6% Silicon content by weight. In addition, they have manganese present in the alloy mixture, along with traces of other metals such as phosphorus, sulfur, copper, and chromium. The particular blend imparts extra strength to the material, which makes it ideal for uses where rigidity is essential. It also has moderate tensile strength and good weldability for many applications, including structural elements such as angle irons, flat bars and channels. Its superior resistance to corrosion from acids makes it highly suitable for equipment used in corrosive environments, such as marine shipping in ports and docks.
Carbon Steel EN 44 Channels are popularly used in the building and construction industry. The channels provide superior strength and resistance to corrosion, making them an ideal option for those needing a structural material that can withstand regular wear and tear. This type of steel also has good weldability, which makes it suitable for any application that requires it. Its thermal properties make it resistant to expansion and contraction, providing superior stability and a durable finish. Furthermore, CS Channels EN 44 offer great weldability and excellent machinability with both sharp cutting tools and applied pressure without fail. These user-friendly features make this product a highly sought-after material within the building and construction industry.
No more suppliers available.


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Women Social entrepreneurship is vital for our future. Collectively we can make a change by closing the gap between men and women in the workforce.
entrepreneurs are those adventurous, daredevils who drive deep into the pressing problems of society and try to find solutions to them, not by leaving the responsibilities in the reins of the government or business, but by trying to change systems as a whole and persuading societies to take new initiatives
In our Social Entrepreneur series today We are introducing you a very dynamic and popular Social Entrepreneur of Gujarat for her remarkable and outstanding performance in social field particular in inner wheel club who always believes in Women Empowerment and social entrepreneurship . yes we are talking about Purvi Thakar District President of inner wheel club of Junagadh District 306 , she shared her Service and Charity Project with Hello Mumbai Team
Brief Introduction of IWC :
International Inner Wheel Club is an international women's Social organisation to create friendship, service and understanding. It has clubs in over 100 countries with over 100,000 members. IWC has very strong presence in India. It has more than 3000 thousands clubs in Urban and rural India. Since the Covid 19 Pandemic breaks out Inner wheel club launched charity campaign worldwide. In our Inner wheel Social entrepreneur series in this Episode we are introducing very popular face of IWC, she doesn't need any kind of Introduction.
Project 1 :
President – Purvi Thakar
Secretary – Dipti Amroliya
1st July
Under theme SHEROES
S- Provided educational kit to needy girls. To encourage women for education.
Beneficiary 5 girls
Total amount 1000
Project 2 :
1st July
For Doctor Day celebration we felicitated Corona Warriors for their service during pandemic time with certificate and momento.
Beneficiary 5 doctors
Total amount 1375 rs
Project 3 :
24th July
Under theme SHEROES
E- We planted 22 saplings at Radha Damodarji Temple's garden.
Total amount 630 rs.
Project 4 :
Date. 11-8-2021.
Under Theme SHEROES Stree Shakti.
Project name. Distribution of Sewing Machines
Project Details : IWC JUNAGADH distributed 10 Sewing machine to the women who are willing to work but because of lack of availability of equipments and money they could not do so.
In this programme Mayor of Junagadh, Dypt.Commissioner, Corporators and other dignitaries were present and they recognized our efforts and praised us a lot.
Amount. 75,000 rs
Beneficiaries. 10 Women
Project 5 :
Date. 11-8-2021.
Under Theme SHEROES Spreading the wings of Innerwheel.
Project name. Open Junagadh 'Farali vangi' competition.
Project Details : For spreading the wings of our Innerwheel club we organised this competition. We appreciated the participants and gave prizes to the 1st five winners and consolation prize to all the participants.
Amount. 1000 Rs.( President and secretary sponsored this project)


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CONTROLS AND SOFTWARE: Is Scada dead? And which type of database is best for you? SAFETY: Advice on overcoming misconceptions about SIL ratings ELECTRICAL AND ENCLOSURES: How a tap manufacturer cut its cooling costs by 61% Drives&Controls NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2023 www.drivesncontrols.com #1 ENGINEERING MAGAZINE FOR AUTOMATION, POWER TRANSMISSION AND MOTION CONTROL INSIDE WHERE PRECISION MEETS ENDURANCE PUSH BUTTONS Energy and Automation
LOVATO's range of electromechanical and electronic devices are meticulously crafted and tested to ensure the utmost safety and reliability. Backed by a century of Italian precision manufacturing and expertise, our products are designed with precision and built for endurance. With a substantial UK based stock holding and bespoke assembly, we offer fast delivery of components across mainland UK and Ireland. Designed, industrialised, tested and built. WHERE PRECISION MEETS ENDURANCE 01384 899700 | lovato.co.uk | firstname.lastname@example.com YEARS Energy and Automation
50 CONTENTS n Drives & Controls is a controlled circulation publication. If you live in the UK and want to subscribe phone 0333 577 0801 or fax 0845 604 2327. Alternatively for both UK and overseas subscriptions please subscribe online at www.drivesncontrols.com. If you have any enquiries regarding your subscription, please use these numbers. The content of this magazine, website and newsletters do not necessarily express the views of the Editor or publishers. The publishers accept no legal responsibility for loss arising from information in this publication. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced or stored in a retrieval system without the written consent of the publishers. Paid subscriptions UK: £110 per annum Europe: £145 per annum Rest of World: £180 per annum Printing: Warners Midlands PLC., PE10 9PH ISSN 0950 5490 Copyright: DFA Media Group 2023 NEXT ISSUE The January issue of Drives & Controls will contain our annual supplement on variable-speed drives, and a look at what's been happening in the worlds of gears and gearboxes, and packaging, printing and paper. UPDATE 14 Comment 17 ABB Back to Basics 48 Gambica column 50 New Products 56 Design Data and Multimedia 56 Appointments 57 Products & Services IN DEPTH Follow us on X @DrivesnControls Drives Magazine Web site www.drivesncontrols.com Follow us on LinkedIn @ Drives & Controls Join us on Facebook Drives & Controls Drives& Controls REGULARS DfAmedia group 38 34 30 18 5 56 DRIVES & CONTROLS November/December 2023 Vol 39 No 10 Editor Tony Sacks t: 01732 465367 e: firstname.lastname@example.com Consultant Editor Andy Pye t: 07808 137312 e: email@example.com Production Manager Sarah Blake t: 01233 770781 e: email@example.com Operations Manager Emma Floyd t: 01732 370340 e: firstname.lastname@example.com Marketing Executive Hope Jepson t: 01732 370340 e: firstname.lastname@example.com Financial Finance Department t: 01732 370340 e: email@example.com ADVERTISING Sales Director Damien Oxlee t: 01732 370342 m: 07951 103754 e: firstname.lastname@example.com Sales Manager Peter Sayer t: 01732 370341 m: 07802 583726 e: email@example.com DFA Direct Ian Atkinson t: 01732 370340 e: firstname.lastname@example.com Italy Oliver & Diego Casiraghi e: email@example.com t: +39 031 261407 f: +39 031 261380 Managing Director Ryan Fuller t: 01732 370344 e: firstname.lastname@example.com Chief Executive Officer Ian Atkinson t: 01732 370346 e: firstname.lastname@example.com Reader/Circulation Enquiries Perception-MPS Ltd t: 01825 701520 e: firstname.lastname@example.com HEAD OFFICE DFA Media Group 192 High Street, Tonbridge, Kent TN9 1BE t: 01732 370340 f: 01732 360034 e: firstname.lastname@example.com www.drivesncontrols.com 5 News A round-up of the latest business and industry developments from around the world. 18 Technology Cutting-edge innovations in motion, power transmission, controls and related technologies. 30 Food and Beverage Barriers to automating food and beverage plants are falling away and the latest technologies offer clear business advantages for manufacturers in the sector. An industry insider believes that these developments are a recipe for change. 32 Controls and Software Is there still a role for Scada systems as digitalisation goals become more ambitious, and the technologies used for data capture and analysis evolve? And should you choose historian or relational databases to store and analyse your manufacturing data? An expert shares his opinion. 36 Safety A specialist in alarm systems explains how SIL ratings work and identifies the dangers of some of the misconceptions that exist around them. Plus we outline the steps required to comply with legislation designed to ensure that workplaces minimise the possibility of combustible dust creating explosion risks. 42 Electrical and Enclosures We report on how a German manufacturer of bathroom equipment has slashed the energy consumption of cabinets on six of its production lines by installing a hybrid cooling technology that combines active and passive techniques. Plus how technologies such as supercapacitors and inductive charging offer many potential benefits for powering warehouse shuttle systems. 46 Motors WEG's recent purchase of Regal Rexnord's low-voltage motors business was one of the biggest in the sector for many years. A research analyst considers the deal's implications and whether WEG could overtake ABB to become the world's largest supplier of these machines. 52 44 21,157 Average net circulation January to December 2022 48 46
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NEWS n 5 Siemens simplifies motion engineering to tackle skills crisis AT THE SPS EXHIBITION in Germany, Siemens has announced several software and hardware developments designed to make motion programming easier and thus to tackle the shortage of skilled motion engineers around the world. Rainer Brehm, CEO of Siemens' Factory Automation division, unveiled the latest version (v19) of the company's Totally Integrated Automation (TIA) portal, with the claim that it offers "the simplest motion engineering on the market", and avoids the need for complicated lists. In delta robot pick-and-place applications, for example, users will be able to see how the system will operate using a digital twin before any hardware is ordered or configured. Using the Portal is said to be intuitive for non-experts and new users, and Brehm argues that this is crucial for industrial users. To manage an increasing variety of products flexibly, and to cope with the shortage of skilled workers, more processes need to be automated – and this means that machines and systems and the resulting demands on motion control and automation technology are becoming increasingly complex. The new version of TIA Portal now integrates motion control from initial engineering through to the eventual commissioning and operation of the drives. Whether users want to control a single axis or complex kinematics, the Portal provides support with graphical interfaces and extensive diagnostics. It also offers extended functions, including software that helps with modularisation, and allows users to write complex applications. The modular design makes it easy to deploy, track, trace and re-use applications, and to create versions. A new function called Named Values can be used to create readable, easy-to-maintain code, and for debugging. Another new element in the Portal, called Simatic Motion Interpreter, avoids the need for in-depth programming knowledge. It acts more like a navigation system, with the user entering a simple sequential description of the movements that they want to perform. The Interpreter then takes over the programming, from single axes to complex kinematics with up to six interpolating axes. Changes can be made to applications without needing to delve into PLC code. Brehm also announced a new generation of drives including: n the economical, space-saving Sinamics G220 drive, which is said to generate 95% less harmonic distortion, avoids the need for input or output filters, works with IE4 or IE5 motors, and is designed to connect to the edge and the cloud; n the Sinamics S200 aimed at standard servodrive applications, which is easy to engineer via TIA Portal; and n the Sinamics S210 safety servodrive, which supports safety functions up to SIL3. All of these drives can be tested virtually using digital twins built into Siemens' Sinamics DriveSim Basic and Advanced tools. www.drivesncontrols.com November/December 2023 ROBOTICS AND AI experts at Heriot-Watt University and the University of Edinburgh have secured funding for a training centre to help make robots safer, more dependable and trustworthy. The UKRI Centre for Doctoral Training in Dependable and Deployable Artificial Intelligence for Robotics (CDT-D2AIR) will train PhD students in verification and certification systems for robotics and AI. The aim is to ensure that robotics applications can interact safely with the environment and with users. The centre has been awarded a share of £117m of funding announced by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) for 12 Centres for Doctoral Training in AI at 16 UK universities. The investment will help to train the next generation of AI researchers. It builds on a previous UKRI investment of £100m in 2018. The D2AIR Centre for Doctoral Training will be based at the Edinburgh Centre for Robotics (ECR), a joint initiative between Heriot-Watt University and the University of Edinburgh. ECR includes the National Robotarium, at Heriot-Watt's Edinburgh campus, and the Bayes Centre, the University of Edinburgh 's Innovation Hub for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence. These centres include robotic testing and development facilities and more than £20m of robotic equipment. Students working at the D2AIR Centre will be able to simulate and test systems, and will be trained in the latest methods in AI, verification, design and robotics. "There is a clear need for robotics and AI systems be certifiable, reliable and capable of interacting safely with people and the environment," says Professor Ron Petrick, professor of Computer Science at Heriot-Watt University, and director of the new Centre. "While AI methods are being increasingly used in robotics, much of this technology was not originally designed with safety and other important human-centred requirements in mind. Making AI truly applicable to, and deployable in, robotic solutions will require advanced sets of skills and a new way of thinking." The £117m UKRI investment will involve partners including IBM and Google, as well as AI SMEs. A further £110m is coming from these partners in the form of cash or in-kind contributions. Scottish researchers win slice of £117m funds to make robots safer Siemens' Factory Automation CEO Rainer Brehm: simpler motion engineering is needed to tackle the skills crisis
n NEWS November/December 2023 www.drivesncontrols.com 6 THE UK GOVERNMENT has announced plans to expand the Made Smarter programme to the whole of the UK as part of its newly-announced £4.5bn of funding for British manufacturing. The government-funded Made Smarter programme helps SME manufacturers to use digital technologies. Since it launched in 2018, it has helped more than 2,500 manufacturers in limited regions of England, through grant funding, technology advice and skills training. Now the government is planning to expand the scheme to other parts of England in 2025-26, before working with the devolved administrations in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland to explore making the programme UK-wide from 2026-27. Stephen Phipson, CEO of the manufacturers' organisation Make UK, has welcomed the move, saying: "Make UK has long campaigned for Made Smarter to be a fully national scheme so that all SME manufacturers can benefit from the expertise the programme delivers and we are delighted at today's decision from government to commit to a national rollout." The plans to expand Made Smarter are part of £4.5bn of funding for British manufacturing to boost economic growth announced by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Jeremy Hunt. This will be targeted at eight sectors that the government regards as being key to economic growth, energy security and levelling-up. They include automotive, aerospace, life sciences and clean energy. The funding will be available for five years from 2025. More than £2bn has been earmarked for the automotive sector and £975m for aerospace, to support production, development and supply chains for zero-emission vehicles, and investment in efficient and zero-carbon aircraft. The government has also committed £960m to a Green Industries Growth Accelerator to support clean energy manufacturing, and £520m for life sciences manufacturing. The government says it is targeting the funds at what it regards as the UK's strongest sectors, including those where the industry is undergoing fundamental changes to remain at the forefront of the global transition to net-zero. Announcing the programme, Chancellor Hunt said: "Our £4.5bn of funding will leverage many times that from the private sector, and in turn will grow our economy, creating more skilled, higherpaid jobs in new industries that will be built to last." Manufacturing accounts for more than 43% of all UK exports and employs 2.6m people. Made Smarter to go UK-wide as part of £4.5bn manufacturing plan p ABB is spending $280m on a new Robotics Campus in Sweden which will serve as its hub for Europe and will boost its robot production capacity by 50%. The 65,000m2 Campus, with a workforce of 1,300, will replace an existing facility and will bring together automated manufacturing, R&D and training centres to develop next generation AI-enabled technologies. It is due to open in late 2026. The Campus will supply AI-enabled collaborative and industrial robots, as well as digital systems to support flexible automation. p Rockwell Automation is buying the US industrial cybersecurity specialist Verve Industrial Protection, for an undisclosed sum. The deal will add asset inventory and vulnerability management systems to Rockwell's portfolio. Verve, founded almost 30 years ago as Rkneal, has a track record of more than 1,000 automation and control projects. Its Security Center is a vendor-neutral OT endpoint management platform that enables real-time asset inventory, vulnerability management and risk remediation. p Fanuc has signed a contract with Volvo Cars to supply industrial robots for plants around the globe, including new battery production facilities in Europe, Asia and America. The first phase involves supplying more than 700 robots for a new manufacturing site in Slovakia – Volvo's first site to make only EVs. The first vehicles are due to roll off the production line in 2026. Fanuc will also supply robots to sites in Belgium and China. p According to a new report from ABI Research, industrial and manufacturing contributed $16.3 trillion worth of value to the global economy in 2022. The manufacturing value added (MVA) growth was slightly less than the 20% growth from 2020 to 2021. The Big Four manufacturing nations (China, the US, Japan and Germany) accounted for 57% of the world's MVA – more than in 2021. Petroleum refining, mining, and automotive manufacturing continue to dominate, with no electronics companies in the top 10. www.abiresearch.com NEWS BRIEFS The High Value Manufacturing Catapult has launched a free tool that makes it easier for UK manufacturers to connect with suppliers of goods and services. The UK Supply Chain Directory brings together hundreds of thousands of UK industrial businesses in an easy-to-search online resource. The Directory was developed by the HVM Catapult in collaboration with The Data City and Digital Catapult, as part of the Made Smarter Innovation | Digital Supply Chain Hub. It is claimed to offer more extensive and better quality information on UK manufacturers than any other source. Users can search the directory by company size, location, specialist areas, or other filters. By building closer ties with local businesses, the tool will help manufacturers to increase their supply chain visibility and address potential weaknesses with upstream and downstream partners. Connecting with local suppliers could also cut transport distances, emissions and costs. Businesses can apply to include their profiles in the directory. • The HVM Catapult has also launched a Manufacturing Energy Toolkit that helps SMEs to cut energy costs. Experts from the Catapult perform an assessment at no cost to the SME. The aim is to understand an SME's energy use, as well as potential ways of improving its efficiency. In a pilot run by WMG, the Toolkit cut SMEs' energy costs by 12-46%. They saved an average of 21%, and in one case, a single machine saved 90%. https://uksupplychaindirectory.com hvm.catapult.org.uk/ manufacturing-energy-toolkit Hunt: the £4.5bn investment will create skilled, higherpaid jobs in new industries that will be built to last Free directory will help manufacturers to find suppliers
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November/December 2023 www.drivesncontrols.com 8 n NEWS MANUFACTURING & ENGINEERING WEEK HAS been renamed Smart Manufacturing & Engineering Week for the 2024 event, which takes place at the NEC in June. The show's organiser, Nineteen Group, says the change reflects the forward-looking nature of the event and focus on the new technologies driving the sector forward. "The week is all about cutting-edge innovations in hardware and software and solutions to the current challenges being faced around industry 4.0, sustainability and supply chain shortages, to name a few," explains the event's marketing director, Verity Noon. "Manufacturers and engineers are constantly looking for ways to work smarter, to become more efficient, stay ahead of the competitive curve and explore new business models and practices and Smart Manufacturing & Engineering Week will help them do just that." This will be the first year that the Drives & Controls show and its sister exhibitions, Air-Tech and Fluid Power & Systems (all previously owned by DFA Media), will be fully-fledged parts of the event, taking place in their own hall. They will run for three days (4–6 June), while the other exhibitions – Design & Engineering Expo, Smart Factory Expo and Maintec – will run for two days (5–6 June) next door. Together, the events are expected to attract "way beyond 450 exhibitors". "Drives & Controls is one of the great brand names in the UK industrial exhibitions sector," says its director, Laura Parris. "It has such a long history from the days when it overflowed from its original home in Telford to now where it finds its natural place as part of Smart Manufacturing & Engineering Week." Other live events taking place during the Smart Manufacturing & Engineering Week will include: the Manufacturing Digitalisation Summit; the Director's Forum; and the Industrial Data Summit; and the Manufacturing Automation and Robotics Summit. The Manufacturer Top 100 Award ceremony will also take place during the week. "In 2023, we gave our team licence to put on an event which was different to how industrial exhibitions and conferences had been staged in the past," comments Nineteen Group CEO, Peter Jones. "The festival feeling which they created will be built on in 2024 and the addition of Drives & Controls in Hall 5 means we must think even bigger as there are just simply more people to engage and entertain." www.mandeweek.co.uk Manufacturing & Engineering Week gets Smart for 2024 The 2024 Smart Manufacturing & Engineering Week will be the first at which the Drives & Controls show will have its own hall COVENTRY UNIVERSITY HAS relaunched its Institute for Advanced Manufacturing and Engineering (AME) with a £6m expansion aimed at helping UK manufacturers on their journeys to a clean, sustainable and digital world. The latest funding – which takes the total investment in AME so far to £18m – adds nearly 2,000m2 of space which is being used for a digital twin pilot environment, a robot testing area, AI and VR stations, laser welders and six new laboratories. AME was originally born out of a collaboration with Unipart Manufacturing in 2014. Since then, it has completed more than £110m of R&D and commercial projects for companies including Aston Martin, Ford and Lotus, helping to generate more than £500m of economic benefits. Almost 175 companies – including OEMs and SMEs – have been involved in the collaborative work, and more than 400 students have graduated with a combination of real-world shopfloor and classroom learning. The latest funding includes £5m from the University and a £1m grant from the Government's Local Growth Fund. "The AME expansion is more than just physical growth of an additional 2,000m2; it's a testament to our unwavering commitment to bridging the skills and R&D gap between academia and industry," says AME director, Marcos Kauffman. www.coventry.ac.uk/ame Coventry's 'Faculty on the Factory Floor' gets a £6m expansion EVENTS Southern Manufacturing & Electronics 2024 6-8 February, 2024 Farnborough The annual regional event is aimed at people involved in design, engineering production and procurement. They can see the latest in production hardware, components, consumables and other technologies. The organisers expect around 800 exhibitors and 9,000 visitors. www.industrysouth.co.uk Hannover Messe 22-26 April, 2024 Hannover, Germany The industrial megashow returns bringing together exhibitors from digital industries, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and the energy sector. Key topics will include Industry 4.0/Manufacturing-X, digitisation, AI and machine learning. The fair will include a Research and Innovation Summit for the first time. The partner country is Norway. www.hannovermesse.de/en Drives & Controls 4-6 June, 2024 NEC, Birmingham Now part of Smart Manufacturing & Engineering Week, the Drives & Controls show will run alongside other events including Air-Tech, Fluid Power & Systems, Maintec, Smart Factory Expo and Design+Engineering Expo. It will cover areas including industrial automation, energy efficiency, machine safety, drives, motion controls, power transmission and robotics. www.mandeweek.co.uk/ drives-controls-expo-home Smart Manufacturing Engineering Week 5-6 June, 2024 NEC, Birmingham The event will include the Maintec, Smart Factory Expo and Design & Engineering Expo shows and will run alongside Drives & Controls, Air-Tech, Fluid Power & Systems. The organisers say the "Festival of Industrial Innovation" represents the future of manufacturing and engineering in the UK. As well as the exhibitions there will be conferences and summits. www.mandeweek.co.uk
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n NEWS ROCKWELL AUTOMATION HAS signed an agreement with Infinitum, the Texas-based creator of highefficiency air-core motors, to jointly develop a new class of high-efficiency, integrated low-voltage drive and motor technology that, they say, will save energy and cut costs for industrial customers, while helping them to become more sustainable. Rockwell will combine its PowerFlex drive technology with Infinitum's high-efficiency Aircore EC motor system. This package will help users to cut their carbon footprints with a motor system that is 50% smaller and lighter, uses 66% less copper, and consumes 10% less energy than traditional iron-core motors. The integrated motor-drives will be available in late 2024 from Rockwell and its partners. "We've long recognised the benefits of Infinitum's integrated motor and drive system because of its class-leading energy efficiency, sustainability, and ease of operations," says Barry Elliott, vice-president and general manager of Power Control at Rockwell. "We're excited about the powerful impact that our new joint solution will have on improving sustainability, energy-efficiency, and productivity for our customers around the world." Infinitum's patented air-core motors offer superior performance in half the weight and size, at a fraction of the carbon footprint of traditional motors, making them the world's most efficient for their weight, according to the company. The motors open up sustainable design opportunities for smaller, lighter and quieter machines, while also saving energy and reducing waste. Rockwell and Infinitum have collaborated since 2021, when Rockwell first invested in Infinitum. "This agreement opens new customer channels for our sustainable motors that can power the world with less," says Infinitum's founder and CEO, Ben Schuler. "Working with Rockwell will enable a Rockwell and Infinitum will develop high-efficiency motor-drives together direct and widespread impact on industrial companies, reducing electricity consumption and increasing sustainability for this energy-intensive sector." • Infinitum has announced $185m of new funding – including investments from Rockwell and Chevron – bringing its total funding to date to $350m. The new money will be used to expand the company and increase production. https://goinfinitum.com An exploded view of Infinitum's highefficiency air-core motor technology
NEWS n A NEW INITIATIVE IS OFFERING information on the skills, competencies and training needed to work in the PEMD (power electronics, machines and drives) sector. Called the PEMD Body of Knowledge – or PEMDBoK – it will allow individuals, employers, recruiters and others to access information on the skills and capabilities needed by the sector. The framework, developed in a collaboration between industry and academic experts led by Coventry University, is being described as "game-changing" for a sector which is expected to generate more than £12bn of revenue by 2025 and to create more than 169,000 new jobs. The PEMDBoK is being hosted on the Electric Revolution Skills (ERS) Hub Web site."PEMD requires a broad and evolving set of skills and competencies that traditionally have been challenging to navigate for individuals and organisations – a problem exacerbated by differences in language used by employers, course providers and learners," explains Petar Igic, the ERS Hub's academic director. "This situation is holding the sector back and preventing new talent from entering at exactly the time companies need them. If we don't try to reverse this trend, then the UK could quite easily find itself falling behind in the electrification race. "We had to do something about this and by bringing together more than 100 different industry and academic experts, we have come up with The Power Electronics, Machines and Drives Body of Knowledge,"Igic adds. "The aim is to start bridging the skills gap by establishing a shared framework of technology, skills, and proficiencies, emphasising continuous learning and evolution. "The issue is that there aren't enough people to fill those 169,000+ jobs,"Igic points out. "While there are multiple engineers with experience and recent graduates, only a few decide to enter the PEMD field. "There are multiple reasons for this. Employers would rather hire experienced engineers than train people, unappealing job offers, unclear requirements/skills for roles, or a language gap in industry and education. "ERS Hub and BoK aim to support at both ends of the spectrum,"Igic concludes. "By creating a common language, we allow recruiters and employers to easily create 'standardised'job profiles that can be understood, whilst also helping education and course providers to design their courses/training to better meet those demands." www.ershub.co.uk/ body-of-knowledge Skills initiative aims to attract people to UK's £12bn PEMD sector Petar Igic: a lack of skills knowledge is holding back PEMD sector
n NEWS Mitsubishi Electric has appointed Mike Cairns as director of its UK Automation Systems Division (ASD), following the retirement of the previous director, Roger Payne, after a 37-year career. Cairns will be responsible for the entire UK operation. He will also be responsible for the Mitsubishi Electric's Wave hand dryers. Before joining Mitsubishi, Cairns was commercial director of Proactive Analytics, and before that was EMEA sales director and a board member at Ishida Europe. He also worked as an account manager at Rockwell Automation for 12 years. The electric drivetrain specialist Saietta has appointed David Woolley as CEO. He has 35 years of international experience including being CEO of the Swedish pump-maker Concentric for more than a decade. Since 2017, he was CEO of the technology investor VIE Kapital, focusing on the transition to electric vehicles – specifically the development of motors, controllers and software. Woolley joins Saietta as it starts series production of its eDrives in the UK and India Bosch Rexroth has announced that Dell Technologies, Nokia and the robot-maker Kuka are now supporting its ctrlX industrial automation ecosystem, joining Wago, which earlier this year announced plans to use the real-time Linux-based OS for its mid- and high-performance controllers. The latest signings will give a boost to Rexroth's ambition to establish ctrlX as a universal open system for automation applications. Rexroth reports that the ctrlX World partner network, which is a key part of the ecosystem, is also continuing to expand, with 150 applications from 90 partner companies now operating, and users able to choose from 16 application categories. There are also more than 60 apps that can be used with ctrlX OS devices. "Automation needs to move away from proprietary systems towards open, modular and scalable microservices architectures that will enable a profound transformation of industry in terms of digitalisation, connectivity and sustainability,"says Steffen Winkler, VP of Rexroth's Automation & Electrification Solutions business. "ctrlX OS is the enabler for this. "We've managed to win over new partner companies such as Dell Technologies and Nokia,"he adds. "As a result, we're now getting involved in areas outside factory automation. We've now got partner companies on all levels of the automation pyramid and can thus offer a whole range of benefits on a technological level." Bosch Rexroth originally developed ctrlX for use in-house with its own ctrlX Core controls, but earlier this year it opened up the system to thirdparty suppliers. They can use the hardware-independent ctrlX OS to connect their components to the ctrlX Automation portfolio, including items developed by partner companies on Rexroth's ctrlX World platform. Wago, the first external company to support ctrlX, is launching an edge controller and edge computer based on the OS. "Together, we'd like to strengthen ctrlX OS and develop it further,"says Johannes Pfeffer, vicepresident of Wago's automation business. ctrlX OS has potential applications beyond industrial control systems and edge PCs. As a virtualised system, it can also run on edge servers near machines and production lines, in data centres, and in the cloud. Rexroth is working with Dell to offer ctrlX OS as an out-of-the-box software module for Dell's NativeEdge software platform which is designed to simplify edge operations and provide zero-touch implementation and zero-trust functions. Nokia is integrating ctrlX OS into its MX Industrial Edge (MXIE) onpremises OT edge system. Various applications can run on this and it supports private 5G wireless network technologies. Nokia MXIE users will be able to install ctrlX OS as an application at the click of a mouse and run applications with reduced latency. Robotics is seen as a particularly promising area of application for ctrlX. Partners, including Fanuc, are already offering robotics products to download from the ctrlX Store, ranging from programming and integration tools for cobots and industrial robots, to software for optimising palletising algorithms. https://apps.boschrexroth.com/microsites/ctrlx-automation/en Dell, Nokia and Kuka join Rexroth's ctrlX open automation ecosystem New partner companies are joining Bosch Rexroth with the aim of creating an open automation platform.
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AI AND BOTS MAKE THEIR MARK AT SPS The SPS (Smart Production Solutions) exhibition, which took place in Nuremberg, Germany, a few weeks ago, is gradually returning to the size it was before the Covid pandemic. In 2019, Europe's biggest automation show attracted 1,585 exhibitors and 63,708 visitors. The 2023 event drew 1,229 exhibitors and around 50,000 visitors – up from the 999 exhibitors and 44,000 visitors who attended in 2022. The attendance figures could have been even higher had it not been for a nationwide train drivers' strike in Germany which was called at short notice. The continuing weakness of the German economy and manufacturing sector was another negative factor. The trade body ZVEI reported at SPS that Germany's electrical and digital industry had suffered three months of declining exports. But there was plenty of positive news from the show as well. Perhaps most remarkably, Beckhoff was able to report a 28% increase in sales in 2022 to a total of €1.515bn, despite the tough industrial climate in Germany. This followed a similar spurt the previous year, and the company's average growth rate from 2010-2022 was 15%, despite the effects of the pandemic. Much of this growth came from outside Germany, with sales to the Americas up 40% in 2022, Asia-Pacific up 28.8%, and the EMEA region excluding Germany up 31.7%. There was also encouraging news from the small contingent of UK-based (if not all UK-owned) exhibitors at the show. Sprint Electric, Trio Motion Technology and Invertek Drives were all displaying newly-developed ranges of products, with Sprint marking its imminent expansion from its traditional DC market into the regenerative AC drives sector. One inescapable theme of this year's SPS was Artificial Intelligence, with almost all of the major exhibitors talking about how AI would make life easier for their customers. In the vast Siemens hall, for example, Schaeffler (a Siemens customer) was demonstrating how it is using the AI-assisted Industrial Copilot tool (codeveloped with Microsoft) to generate PLC code rapidly with fewer errors using a natural language input. Siemens and Schaeffler say that as well as optimising engineering and support operations, such tools will also help to counteract the effects of skills shortages. These shortages were another theme of the show with suppliers arguing that, far from being a threat to jobs, automation is a means of making best use of the limited numbers of skilled personnel around the world. One interesting development at the show was the growing interest of global electronics distributors in the automation sector. Both RS and DigiKey were exhibiting at SPS for the first time, with the latter attracting large numbers of visitors to its stand to play on slot machines that were dispensing tools as prizes. With these major distributors showing such a keen interest in industrial automation, the future for the sector looks promising. Tony Sacks, Editor n COMMENT
BUY FROM US 150,000+ PRODUCTS ON STOCK IN NEED OF INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS? PRODUCT NUMBER 6ES7136-6DB00-0CA0 6ES7155-6AU01-0BN0 6ES7136-6RA00-0BF0 6ES7155-6AA01-0BN0 6ES7510-1SJ01-0AB0 6ES7550-1AA01-0AB0 6ES7193-6BP00-0BA0 6ES7331-7PF01-0AB0 6AV2124-0JC01-0AX0 6ES7322-1FF00-0AA0 6ES7138-6AA01-0BA0 6ED1052-1CA00-0BA1 6ES7392-1BM01-0AA0 6ES7135-6HD00-0BA1 6ED1052-1CC00-0BA4 6ES7515-2AM02-0AB0 6ES7331-7KB02-0AB0 6ES7212-1CA00-0XB0 6ES7134-6GF00-0AA1 6AG2511-1AK02-4AB0 6ES7511-1AK02-0AB0 6ES7510-1DJ01-0AB0 6SL3210-1KE14-3UF2 6ES7212-1AA00-0XB0 6ES7131-6BH01-0BA0 6ES7511-1FK02-0AB0 6ES7332-5HF00-0AB0 6ES7393-4AA10-0AA0 6ES7132-6BH01-0BA0 6ES7241-1AH32-0XB0 6SL3210-1KE15-8AF2 6ES7513-1AL02-0AB0 6ES7393-4AA00-0AA0 6ED1053-1CA00-0BA1 6ES7392-1AJ00-0AA0 6ES7390-5BA00-0AA0 6AV2124-0QC02-0AX1 6AV2124-0GC01-0AX0 6ES7972-0BA40-0XA0 6ES7315-2EH14-0AB0 6ES7131-6BF01-0BA0 6ED1056-4BA00-0AA0 6SL3211-0AB21-1AB0 6SL3210-1KE12-3UF2 6SL3210-1KE11-8AF2 6ES7232-4HD32-0XB0 6ES7155-6AU01-0CN0 6ES7134-6JD00-0CA1 6SL3210-1KE21-7AF1 6SL3210-1KE18-8AF1 6ES7368-3BB01-0AA0 6SL3210-1KE21-3AF1 6SE6410-2UB12-5AA0 6ES7972-0BB51-0XA0 6ES7515-2FM02-0AB0 6ES7513-1FL02-0AB0 6ES7315-2AH14-0AB0 6ES7153-2BA10-0XB0 6ES7134-6GD01-0BA1 6ED1053-1BB00-0BA1 6ES7512-1CK01-0AB0 6ES7511-1CK01-0AB0 6SL3244-0BB12-1FA0 6ES7518-4FP00-0AB0 6ES7518-4AP00-0AB0 6ES7532-5NB00-0AB0 6ES7517-3TP00-0AB0 6ES7517-3FP00-0AB0 6ES7517-3AP00-0AB0 6ES7513-1FL02-0AB0 6ES7511-1FK02-0AB0 6ES7511-1AK02-0AB0 6SL3210-1KE14-3UF2 6SL3210-1KE15-8AF2 6ES7516-3UN00-0AB0 6ES7516-3TN00-0AB0 6ES7522-1BL10-0AA0 6ES7522-1BH10-0AA0 1071153 10713518 1044125 1023546 1041114 1056430 1018601 1023891 1026287 1026820 1028934 1028936 UNIS GROUP, YOUR #1 PARTNER IN INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS Take a look in our webshop or contact our sales team! Directly available And much more! www.unisgroup.co.uk email@example.com +44 1604 499 777
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Drives&Controls & BACK TO BASICS n SPONSORED BY Key considerations when installing drives in panels Users increasingly want their control panels to be as small as possible. But there are limits to how small an enclosure can be before it starts to compromise component performance and reliability. Liam Blackshaw, ABB's UK product manager for LV drives, explains what to consider when designing control panels. When designing a control panel, one of the most important considerations is airflow, as this will ultimately determine the size of enclosure that can be used. Drives generate heat, and this needs to be removed from the cabinet to ensure optimal performance and prevent damage to the drive and other components within the enclosure. Any reputable manufacturer will stipulate the minimum airflow or cooling data for a particular drive. As well as exhausting hot air, there should also be provision for bringing cold air into the cabinet for ventilation. This is generally done using fans and filters. Best practice is to have a fan either at the top or the bottom of the panel, and a filter on the opposite end, depending on the desired airflow direction. In contaminated areas, you'll want to divert dirty air and substances which can cause corrosion away from the drive. Layout is also important. For instance, you need to accommodate cables coming in and out. These tend to be at the bottom but can also be at the top. They will rarely be at the side, particularly in the case of larger cables which don't bend easily. The layout of components within the cabinet will therefore depend to some extent on where the cable entry and exit points are. If you have both AC and DC voltages going in, you will want to segregate these voltages, which means more cables and less available space. If you have power cables and control cables, you will also want to keep these separated to prevent the introduction of noise and EMC into the system. Space is another key consideration. Many drive manufacturers will stipulate a minimum number of millimetres of clearance required between a drive and other components. In general, users want cabinets to be as small as possible, but there still needs to be enough space to ensure that the components are not so cramped that it affects performance. Everything you need to know about what you can and cannot do will be in the technical manual, and this will help to determine how large the enclosure needs to be to accommodate the components within it. Using a smaller drive can help to free up valuable cabinet space, and potentially allow the use of a smaller cabinet. For instance, ABB's ACS180 machinery drive is designed to be extremely compact and can operate at up to 50˚C without derating. Power and control are also separated for minimised airflow through the electronics, helping to allow greater flexibility in both the size and layout of cabinets. For more information on the ACS180 drive, visit: https://campaignmo.abb.com/l/961052/2023-09-05/5b7rk 30 April 2024 MTC, Coventry SAVE THE DATE talkingindustry.org DFA Media Group email@example.com +44 (0)1732 370 340
n TECHNOLOGY November/December 2023 www.drivesncontrols.com 18 BECKHOFF HAS UNVEILED a new generation of its TwinCat motion control technology that takes advantage of the latest multi-core and multitasking processing technologies to overcome some of the limitations of earlier generations. At the SPS exhibition in Germany, the company also demonstrated how it is using chatbots to simplify engineering. Beckhoff has been selling its TwinCat software control platform for more than 25 years and more than half of all applications involve motion control, But, until now, these applications have been limited to a single processor core and could only execute a single task at a time. Applications using the previous NC2 generation have also been limited to a maximum of 255 axes. With the new modular MC3 generation, these limitations no longer apply. The software can be distributed to several CPU cores with movements synchronised across all of the cores. In addition, axes can operate on the same CPU core with different cycle times, depending on their speed and function. This optimises the use of the core because the fastest axis no longer sets the rate for all of the others. There is no longer any limit to the number of axes that can be controlled. TwinCat MC3 can operate in parallel with earlier NC2 systems, and MC3 axes can be coupled to existing NC2 axes. This means that new machine components can be added without having to adapt existing components. Also at SPS, Beckhoff was showing the latest capabilities of its TwinCAT Chat bot that it announced at the Hannover Fair earlier this year. Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT from OpenAI can now be used to develop projects in the TwinCat XAE engineering environment, simplifying various aspects from control programming to corporate management. For automation engineers, LLMs could revolutionise the development process by generating and completing code automatically, thus saving time. They can also create personal tutorials and help to solve problems. The models can also be used to transfer knowledge in organisations. They can act as a central knowledge base, storing information and making it available when needed. Another potential role is to relieve pressure on support teams by acting as the first point of contact for customer inquiries. Beckhoff says that TwinCat Chat offers benefits over using ChatGPT in a Web browser. For example, it greatly simplifies the development process, by integrating communications and code exchange. Beckhoff has tailored the LLM initialisation specifically to TwinCat requests. You can ask it questions and don't need to tell the model that you are using TwinCat, or that you expect code in Structured Text. The generated code can be transferred easily, saving time and avoiding errors that can occur when moving code manually. Simple pre-tested one-click requests can be used to improve workflows. Beckhoff is working on new uses for TwinCat Chat, including creating HMI controls automatically, and as an interface for documents. www.beckhoff.com AT THE RECENT SPS show, ABB demonstrated a technology that offers a simple way to digitise AF contactors and motor starters and provide information about their loads. The Novolink system can be integrated easily with existing wiring and contactors, which can continue to be used. The system can be retrofitted at any time. The system uses a smart gateway, based on the OPC UA open communications standard, that allows manufacturer-independent integration with most modern control systems. It increases availability and cuts operating costs by reducing planned and unplanned downtime through predictive maintenance. Remote access to machine data opens up new opportunities for preventative and demand-based maintenance and provides the basis for data analysis and new business models. The system can collect data such as current and voltage as well as providing performance data, energy consumption figures, and diagnostic and maintenance information. The modules can be integrated with the Automation Studio software from ABB's B&R subsidiary and, via OPC UA, with any PLC or higher-level system. "Novolink modules address the key challenges of the industry: digitalisation and energy efficiency," explains ABB's head of mechanical engineering segment support, Sven Glöckler. "This solution, which is particularly suitable for retrofits and modernisations, creates a bridge from conventional switching technology to the world of Industry 4.0 via an OPC UA interface. "This allows seamless integration into system solutions from all third-party providers," he continues. "The comprehensive data availability offers users the opportunity to implement new maintenance concepts, increase their operational efficiency and, at the same time, optimise energy consumption." Technology creates bridge from motor switches to the digital world Next-gen multi-core motion control avoids earlier limitations The latest version of Beckhoff's TwinCat motion control technology takes advantage of multi-core and multitasking technologies
For more information: email@example.com Increase ROI and equipment efficiency with the BOSCH Device Bridge App
n TECHNOLOGY November/December 2023 www.drivesncontrols.com 20 p Niron Magnetics, a US company developing high-performance magnets that contain no rare-earth materials, has raised $33m of funding from backers including GM and Stellantis to expand its pilot production facilities and to scale its manufacturing capacity. Niron's environmentally sustainable Clean Earth Magnets are based on iron nitride and promise improved temperature stability compared to other permanent magnets. As well as their uses in electric vehicles, they could have applications in industrial motors, pumps and compressors. p The Japanese motor-maker Nippon Pulse claims to be offering the world's smallest, lightest direct-drive motors. Its MDx AC servomotors with built-in highresolution optical encoders are claimed to deliver a higher torque-to-weight ratio than other similar-sized rotary servomotors. Available in sizes from 13– 70mm, a choice of stack lengths, and standard or hollow-shaft versions, the motors offer good back-driveability for haptic feedback applications. www.nipponopulse.com p Ondosense, the German developer of radar-based distance sensors, says it has developed the smallest radar distance sensor, which is capable of high performance, even in difficult environments. The Reach sensor can be used for positioning and object detection with an accuracy of ±2mm, a measuring rate of 100Hz, and a range of 0.2–40m. It has an M30 housing and is 92mm long. www.ondosense.com p The Californian start-up, Machina Labs, has secured $32m of funding (taking its total to $45m) to develop its technology that combines AI with robotics to rapidly manufacture advanced composite and metal products. Part of the new investment has come from Nvidia. Machina's technology uses software to configure factories for on-demand manufacturing that can deliver finished metal products in days. The first process enabled by this technology is robotic sheet forming, which is said to outperform methods relying on custom moulds or dies. www.machinalabs.ai p Derbyshire-based MasterMover claims to have produced the world's most powerful electric tug with a model that can move up to 70,000kg. The remotecontrolled PS7000+ tug can be supervised safely by a single operator, who can control multiple tugs using MasterMover's MulriLink technology. www.mastermover.com TECHNOLOGY BRIEFS UK-based Trio Motion Technology used the recent SPS show to launch a new motion controller based on Intel multi-core processors, which runs Microsoft Windows alongside its own Motion-iX core, allowingmachine builders to integrate Windows applications with advanced motion functions. The PC-MCAT-2 controller offers high-speed EtherCat coordination of up to 64 servo and robot axes. It runs Microsoft Windows 10 and provides a choice of Intel processors from Celeron to Core i7, as well as up to 256GB of solid-state drive memory. It can integrate with, and control, almost any peripheral device, including vision systems or sensors. Ports include HDMI, USB, serial and generalpurpose digital I/O. Three Ethernet ports allow the controller to deliver high-speed links from host machines to wider factory networks. To enhance network segmentation and bandwidth, each port has its own IP address. A supplied API library can be used in Windows applications, communicating with Trio's Motion-iX motion control functions via a shared memory interface. This provides a high-speed link to the motion engine and a flexible choice of programming languages, allowing third-party SDKs to be integrated to deliver advanced machine control from a single application. The controller can co-ordinate up to 64 servo or robot axes with 64-bit maths precision, EtherCat cycle times down to 125μs, and motion command execution at speeds of up to 500 lines/ms. Trio's motion command set includes multi-axis coordination in multiple dimensions, as well as numerous kinematic models. Combining Windows-based machine control and motion coordination on the same device removes the lag created by Ethernet connections to a separate PC. Trio says the PC-MCAT-2 can reduce machine footprints and hardware costs. OEMs can cut development times by removing the integration and debugging needed when using separate hardware. Applications can be written in Trio's TrioBasic programming language, or in IEC 61131 languages with PLCopen. These languages execute on the Motion-iX core, independently of Windows. The single controller can have benefits for end-users as well, enhance reliability by avoiding communications challenges that may develop after commissioning. The controller is protected by a rugged metal housing that improves heat dissipation, while its fanless design reduces noise and maintenance requirements. "The PC-MCAT-2 motion controller is an advantage for machine-builders who need to deploy Windows-based machine control applications and establish IoT connectivity, alongside high-performance servo or robotic motion control," says Trio Motion Technology's president, Tom Alexander. "Combining PC-MCAT-2 with our portfolio of controllers, servodrives and motors, I/O, HMI, and Scara robots, we present machinebuilders with an automation solution that offers the highest performance motion control, with support from a single vendor." www.triomotion.com Motion controller marries Windows with multi-axis engine Trio's PC-MCAT-2 controller can run Windows alongside its own Motion-iX core
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Item may be smaller or larger than labeled so please refer to the measurements for accurate sizing. The item "Vintage 80's Disney Character Fashions Toontown T-Shirt Minnie Mouse RARE Sz L" is in sale since Tuesday, August 31, 2021.
This item is in the category "Clothing, Shoes & Accessories\Men\Men's Clothing\Shirts\T-Shirts". The seller is "fredinsac" and is located in Sacramento, California. This item can be shipped to United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Denmark, Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Czech republic, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Estonia, Australia, Greece, Portugal, Cyprus, Slovenia, Japan, Sweden, South Korea, Indonesia, Taiwan, South africa, Thailand, Belgium, France, Hong Kong, Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Italy, Germany, Austria, Bahamas, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Switzerland, Norway, Saudi arabia, Ukraine, United arab emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Croatia, Malaysia, Aruba, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Saint kitts and nevis, Saint lucia, Montserrat, Turks and caicos islands, Barbados, Bangladesh, Bermuda, Brunei darussalam, Bolivia, Egypt, French guiana, Guernsey, Gibraltar, Guadeloupe, Iceland, Jersey, Jordan, Cambodia, Cayman islands, Liechtenstein, Sri lanka, Luxembourg, Monaco, Macao, Martinique, Maldives, Nicaragua, Oman, Pakistan, Paraguay, Reunion, Uruguay.


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NLRB Considers Limiting Employer Speech Options as Union Elections Surge
Author: Robert S. Teachout, XpertHR Legal Editor
April 12, 2022
Mandatory meetings during a unionizing campaign, in which employers explain why they think employees should not join a union, are at odds with federal labor law and should be declared unlawful, according to a memo from National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) General Counsel Jennifer Abruzzo.
Abruzzo explained that the NLRB has long recognized that the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) protects the right of employees to listen to - or refrain from listening to - employer speech about employee rights to act collectively. However, Abruzzo stated, the NLRB concluded incorrectly in Babcock & Wilcox (1948) that compelling employees to attend meetings in which the employer makes speeches urging them to reject union representation does not violate the NLRB. As a result, employers commonly use express or implicit threats to force employees into "captive audience meetings" concerning unionization or other activity protected by law.
"Forcing employees to listen to such employer speech under threat of discipline - directly leveraging the employees' dependence on their jobs - plainly chills employees' protected right to refrain from listening to this speech," Abruzzo said. She stated that she will urge the Board to reconsider the precedent and find mandatory meetings unlawful.
The General Counsel (GC) is independent from the Board and is responsible for the investigation and prosecution of unfair labor practice cases. By selecting cases to process, the GC helps shape the direction of NLRB rules. Abruzzo was appointed by President Biden in 2021, as were two of the three current Democratic board members who form the majority and are likely to support Abruzzo's call for a rule change.
The memo was issued against a backdrop of increased union organizing activity nationwide. The day before, the NLRB issued a report showing that petitions for union elections have increased by 57% to 1,174 in the first six months of fiscal 2022, compared to 748 election petitions in the first half of fiscal 2021. In addition, unfair labor practice charges have increased 14% during the same period, from 7,255 to 8,254.
"Right now, there is a surge in labor activity nationwide, with workers organizing and filing petitions for more union elections than they have in the last ten years," Abruzzo said.
That unionizing activity is exemplified by the recent union win in organizing an Amazon warehouse and the multiple victories at Starbucks coffee shops, where unions have won nine out of 10 organizing campaigns, including one in Starbucks' home city of Seattle.


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Poplar root-associated microbial communities are influenced by soil and plant genotype
Soil origin is a significant factor in driving the composition of fungal and bacterial communities.
The Science
The root-associated microbiome, made up of communities of fungi and bacteria, is essential for plant health and performance. This plant "rhizobiome" is influenced by soil and environmental conditions, plant species, and plant genotype, but it is difficult to disentangle these effects from each other in natural systems. In a study published in Frontiers in Microbiology, researchers at the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) were able to determine and separate the impacts of plant genotype and soil properties on the fungal and bacterial community in the Populus (poplar) rhizobiome.
The Impact
The microbes that make up the plant rhizobiome play an important role in plant health and nutrition. Understanding how soil properties and plant genotype affect this microbial community could offer new approaches for managing plant microbiomes for health and sustainability. This study lays a foundation for understanding multi-Kingdom microbial interactions within plant rhizobiomes and provides a framework for expanding research in this area from mesocosms to the field.
Common garden "trap plant" experiments were used to disentangle the effects of host genotype and soil origin on the networks of fungal and bacterial communities found in the microbiome of Populus deltoids (poplar). In this study, two experiments were conducted. The first evaluated the effect of poplar genotype on the root microbiome by growing four genotypes in a common soil. The second determined the impact of soil origin on the root microbiome by growing one poplar genotype in eight different soils. Soil geographic origin and physiochemical characteristics (specifically, texture and calcium concentration) explained most of the measurable variation in fungal and bacterial communities and bipartite networks. The impact of poplar genotype was stronger for bacteria than fungi, and was dependent upon the specific soil the plants were grown in. Network analyses of the large datasets helped identify microbial taxa that correlated with particular plant genotypes, soils, and soil characteristics, as well as fungal-bacterial consortia that were statistically overrepresented in the dataset, providing hypotheses for testing and a framework for expanding this research to field studies.
Program Manager
N. Kent Peters
firstname.lastname@example.com, 301-903-5549
Corresponding Author
Gregory Bonito
firstname.lastname@example.com, 517-884-6958
This work was supported by the Genomic Science Program, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science – Biological and Environmental Research as part of the Plant Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus Area at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for DOE under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The work was also supported by the Michigan State University AgBioResearch project (MICL02416), the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (MICL08541), the National Science Foundation (DEB-1441728), and the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-SC0018409).
Bonito, G., et al. "Fungal-bacterial networks in the Populus rhizobiome are impacted by soil properties and host genotype." Frontiers in Microbiology 10, 481 (2019), DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00481
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- Jul 13, 2014
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I know there is an old thread on this but I'm wondering about anyone who might have recent experience with it. I have a mixed flock of hens that are around 9 mos. All have been laying for several mos. except for Sunshine a Cream Legbar. She is at the bottom of the pecking order a lap chicken. They are all molting including sunshine and egg laying is way off . Sunshine has never layed. She never visits the laying boxes. Early on there were a few soft eggs on the roosting dropping board that I thot might have been hers but I'm not sure.yesterday while I was out sitting with my girls I noticed Sunshine is developing spurs . My other CLB Fanny has smaller ones so I thought maybe it's a breed thing. Sunshine is a petit bird. Smaller then Fanny and all my other girls. Her comb and waddles are the same size as Fanny' proportionally. So... if anyone has any info.on hermaphroditism I would be greatful to hear your experience. I don't care that she doesn't lay as she is a sweet, loving bird , my concerns are more that she be healthy and I don't want her to start to crow. Thx!


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Project Details
This project aims to predict lymph node metastasis based on preoperatively obtained clinical and tumor related characteristics along with clinical and radiological assessment of the axilla. The ultimate goal is to provide clinicians with a diagnostic tool for personalized surgical treatment of the axilla and possibly abstain axillary staging for patients with an ultralow risk of nodal metastasis.
Status | Active |
Effective start/end date | 2012/01/01 → … |
- Fru Berta Kamprads stiftelse för utforskning och bekämpning av cancersjukdomar
UKÄ subject classification
- Cancer and Oncology


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You will need to learn the ins and outs of playing Blackjack if you want to increase your chances of success, for it is a game of both skill and chance.
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