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Meniscus Tear
Topic Overview
What is a meniscus tear?
A meniscus tear is a common knee injury. The meniscus is a rubbery, C-shaped disc that cushions your knee. Each knee has two menisci (plural of meniscus)—one at the outer edge of the knee and one at the inner edge. The menisci keep your knee steady by balancing your weight across the knee. A torn meniscus can prevent your knee from working right.
What causes a meniscus tear?
A meniscus tear is usually caused by twisting or turning quickly, often with the foot planted while the knee is bent. Meniscus tears can occur when you lift something heavy or play sports. As you get older, your meniscus gets worn. This can make it tear more easily.
What are the symptoms?
There are three types of meniscus tears. Each has its own set of symptoms.
With a minor tear, you may have slight pain and swelling. This usually goes away in 2 or 3 weeks.
A moderate tear can cause pain at the side or center of your knee. Swelling slowly gets worse over 2 or 3 days. This may make your knee feel stiff and limit how you can bend your knee, but walking is usually possible. You might feel a sharp pain when you twist your knee or squat. These symptoms may go away in 1 or 2 weeks but can come back if you twist or overuse your knee. The pain may come and go for years if the tear isn't treated.
In severe tears, pieces of the torn meniscus can move into the joint space. This can make your knee catch, pop, or lock. You may not be able to straighten it. Your knee may feel "wobbly" or give way without warning. It may swell and become stiff right after the injury or within 2 or 3 days.
If you are older and your meniscus is worn, you may not know what you did to cause the tear. You may only remember feeling pain after you got up from a squatting position, for example. Pain and slight swelling are often the only symptoms.
How is a meniscus tear diagnosed?
Your doctor will ask about past injuries and what you were doing when your knee started to hurt. A physical exam will help your doctor find out if a torn meniscus is the cause of your pain. Your doctor will look at both knees and check for tenderness, range of motion, and how stable your knee is. X-rays are also usually done.
You may need to meet with an orthopedic surgeon for more testing. These tests may include an MRI, which can give a clear picture of where a tear is and how serious it is.
How is it treated?
How your doctor treats your meniscus tear depends on several things, such as the type of tear, where it is, and how serious it is. Your age and how active you are may also affect your treatment choices.
Treatment may include:
- Rest, ice, wrapping the knee with an elastic bandage, and propping up the leg on pillows.
- Physical therapy.
- Surgery to repair the meniscus.
- Surgery to remove part of the meniscus.
Health Tools
Health Tools help you make wise health decisions or take action to improve your health.
Symptoms of a meniscus tear depend on the size and location of the tear and whether other knee injuries occurred along with it. Pain can also be due to swelling and injury to surrounding tissues.
With small tears, you may have minimal pain at the time of the injury. Slight swelling often develops gradually over several days. Many times you can walk with only minimal pain, although pain increases with squatting, lifting, or rising from a seated position. These symptoms usually go away in 2 to 3 weeks although pain may recur with bending or twisting.
In a typical moderate tear, you feel pain at the side or in the center of the knee, depending on where the tear is. Often, you are still able to walk. Swelling usually increases gradually over 2 to 3 days and may make the knee feel stiff and limit bending. There is often sharp pain when twisting or squatting. Symptoms may diminish in 1 to 2 weeks but recur with activities that involve twisting or from overuse. The pain may come and go over a period of years if left untreated.
Larger tears usually cause more pain and immediate swelling and stiffness. Swelling can develop over 2 to 3 days. Pieces of the torn meniscus can float into the joint space. This can make the knee catch, pop, or lock. You may not be able to straighten your knee. The knee can also feel "wobbly" or unstable, or give way without warning. If other injuries occurred with the meniscus tear, especially torn ligaments, you may have increased pain, swelling, a feeling that the knee is unstable, and difficulty walking.
Older people whose menisci are worn may not be able to identify a specific event that caused a tear, or they may recall symptoms developing after a minor incident such as rising from a squatting position. Pain and minimal swelling are often the only symptoms.
Pain at the inside of the knee can mean there is a tear to the medial meniscus. Pain at the outer side of the affected knee can mean there is a tear to the lateral meniscus.
Exams and Tests
During an examination for a possible meniscus tear, your doctor will ask you about past injuries and what you were doing when your knee started to hurt. He or she will do an exam of both knees to evaluate tenderness, range of motion, and knee stability. An X-ray is usually done to evaluate the knee bones if there is swelling, if there is pain at a certain place (point tenderness), or if you cannot put weight on your leg.
Your knee may be too painful or swollen for a full exam. In this case, your doctor may withdraw fluid from your joint and inject a numbing medicine (local anesthetic) into the joint. This might relieve your pain enough that you can have an exam. Or the exam may be postponed for a week while you care for your knee at home with rest, ice, compression, and elevation.
Your family doctor or an emergency room doctor may refer you to an orthopedist for a more complete examination. An orthopedist may order a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) if the diagnosis is uncertain. An MRI typically gives a good picture of the location and extent of a meniscus tear and also provides images of the ligaments, cartilage, and tendons.
An orthopedist may recommend arthroscopy, a procedure used to examine and repair the inside of the knee joint by inserting a thin tube (arthroscope) containing a camera with light through a small incision near the knee joint. With arthroscopy, the orthopedist can directly view and possibly treat the meniscus and other parts of the knee.
Treatment Overview
There are many things to consider when deciding how to treat your torn meniscus, including the extent and location of the tear, your pain level, your age and activity level, your doctor's preference, and when the injury occurred. Your treatment choices are:
- Nonsurgical treatment with rest, ice, compression, elevation, and physical therapy. This may include wearing a temporary knee brace.
- Surgical repair to sew the tear together.
- Partial meniscectomy, which is surgery to remove the torn section.
- Total meniscectomy, which is surgery to remove the entire meniscus. This is generally avoided, because this option increases the risk for osteoarthritis in the knee.
Whenever possible, meniscus surgery is done using arthroscopy, rather than through a large cut in the knee.
The location (zone) of the tear is one of the most important things that helps determine treatment.
- Tears at the outer edge of the meniscus (red zone) tend to heal well because there is good blood supply. Minor tears may heal on their own with a brace and a period of rest. If they do not heal or if repair is deemed necessary, the tear can be sewn together. This repair is usually successful in the red zone.
- The inner two-thirds (white zone) of the meniscus does not have a good blood supply, so it does not heal well either on its own or after repair. If torn pieces float into the joint space, which may result in a "locked" knee or cause other symptoms, the torn portion is removed (partial meniscectomy) and the edges of the remaining meniscus are shaved to make the meniscus smooth.
- When the tear extends from the red zone into the white zone, there may be enough blood supply for healing. The tear may be repaired or removed. This is something the orthopedic surgeon decides during the surgery.
Also, the pattern of the tear may determine whether a tear can be repaired. Longitudinal tears are often repairable. Radial tears may be repairable depending on where they are located. Horizontal and flap (oblique) tears are generally not repairable.
It is preferable to preserve as much of the meniscus as possible. If the meniscus can be repaired successfully, saving the injured meniscus by doing a meniscal repair reduces the occurrence of knee joint degeneration compared with partial or total removal (meniscectomy). Meniscus repair is more successful in younger people (experts think people younger than about 40 years old do best), in knees that have good stability from the ligaments, if the tear is in the red zone, and if the repair is done within the first few weeks after the injury (acute).footnote 1
Meniscal repair may prevent degenerative changes in the knee joint. Many doctors believe that a successful meniscus repair lowers the risk of early-onset arthritis, because it reduces the stress put on the knee joint.
Orthopedists most often perform meniscus surgery with arthroscopy, a procedure used both to examine and then to treat the inside of a joint by inserting a thin tube (arthroscope) containing a camera and a light through small incisions near the joint. Surgical instruments are inserted through other small incisions near the joint. Some tears require open knee surgery.
Rehabilitation (rehab) varies depending on the injury, the type of surgery, your orthopedic surgeon's preference, and your age, health status, and activities. Time periods vary, but in general meniscus surgery is usually followed by a period of rest, walking, and selected exercises. After you have full range of motion without pain and your knee strength is back to normal, you can return to your previous activity level.
For some exercises you can do at home (with your doctor's approval), see:
Other knee injuries, most commonly to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and/or the medial collateral ligament, may occur at the same time as a meniscus tear. In these cases, the treatment plan is different. Typically, your orthopedist will treat your torn meniscus, if needed, at the same time that ACL surgery is done. In this case, the ACL rehab plan is followed.
Meniscal transplant is an experimental treatment for meniscal tears. It might be a good option for a meniscus that is already weakened or scarred due to previous injury or treatment. In this surgical procedure, a piece of meniscus cartilage from a donor (allograft) is transplanted into the knee.
To be eligible for meniscal transplantation, a person:
- Should be younger than age 50.
- Must be finished growing.
- Must not be obese.
- Has knee pain and swelling that has not responded to other treatment.
- Must have no arthritis (or minimal arthritis) in the knee joint.
- Must have a well-aligned knee, meaning the legs are not bent outward at the knees (bowlegged) or bent inward at the knees (knock-kneed).
Home Treatment
If you have recently injured your knee, follow these first-aid steps to reduce pain and swelling:
- Rest and reduce activity. Avoid motions or positions that cause discomfort. Depending on your injury and pain, your doctor may recommend crutches and a brace.
- Put ice or a cold pack on your knee for 10 to 20 minutes at a time. Try to do this every 1 to 2 hours for the next 3 days (when you are awake) or until the swelling goes down. Put a thin cloth between the ice and your skin.
- Elevate your leg higher than your heart.
- Ask your doctor if you can take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen to relieve pain and reduce swelling. Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label.
- Follow your doctor's instructions for rest and rehabilitation of your knee.
If the tear is minor and your symptoms go away, your doctor may recommend a set of exercises to build up your quadriceps and hamstring muscles and increase your flexibility. It's important to follow your doctor's guidance to avoid a new or repeat injury.
Your recovery time after surgery will depend on many things, including the injury and the type of surgery you have.
- McMahon PJ, et al. (2014). Sports medicine. In HB Skinner, PJ McMahon, eds., Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Orthopedics, 5th ed., pp. 88–155. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Other Works Consulted
- American College of Radiology (2011). ACR Appropriateness Criteria: Acute Trauma to the Knee. Available online: http://www.acr.org/SecondaryMainMenuCategories/quality_safety/app_criteria/pdf/ExpertPanelonMusculoskeletalImaging/AcuteTraumatotheKNEEDoc2.aspx.
- Paxton ES, et al. (2011). Meniscal repair versus partial meniscectomy: A systematic review comparing reoperation rates and clinical outcomes. Arthroscopy, 27(9): 1275–1288.
Current as ofJune 26, 2019
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review: William H. Blahd, Jr., MD, FACEP – Emergency Medicine
Adam Husney, MD – Family Medicine
E. Gregory Thompson, MD – Internal Medicine
Kathleen Romito, MD – Family Medicine
Patrick J. McMahon, MD – Orthopedic Surgery, Sports Medicine
Current as of: June 26, 2019
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review:William H. Blahd, Jr., MD, FACEP – Emergency Medicine & Adam Husney, MD – Family Medicine & E. Gregory Thompson, MD – Internal Medicine & Kathleen Romito, MD – Family Medicine & Patrick J. McMahon, MD – Orthopedic Surgery, Sports Medicine
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. Learn how we develop our content.


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... Althouse bizarrely came away thinking that conservatives and libertarians were frightening "true believers." Why? Evidently because they took political and moral ideas seriously.False. I came away surprised that some people, especially the libertarians, were hardcore, true believers, wedded to an abstract version of an idea and unwilling to look at how it played out in the real world. I had come to the conference thinking I had more in common with libertarians but was quite put off by them in person. By contrast, the conservative position, because it had more to do with the real-life context, was much less troubling to me. This surprised me, because I disagree with so much of what social conservatives favor.
Much too seriously for Althouse's comfort. For one thing, there was quite a bit of discussion about the relation of virtue to liberty. Meyer's argument is that liberty is the necessary prerequisite for practicing virtue. Apparently some conservatives, such as L. Brent Bozell, Jr. (see Bozell's 1962 essay "Freedom or Virtue?" which we read for the seminar) with whom Meyer was arguing, believe that the state has the right and obligation to coerce virtue. This is anathema to libertarians. The first concern of libertarians is state power and this paramount concern for the abuse of state power means that the state should stay out of private activities that traditional conservatives might consider vicious, e.g., personal use of recreational drugs, voluntary prostitution, and so forth. Anyway, this politico-philosophical discussion apparently confused Althouse. Perhaps her skills at abstract thinking have been dulled by all the time she spends dissecting the particularities of legal cases as a law professor.False. This didn't "confuse" me. But thanks for the "apparently." I agree -- and said at the conference many times -- that the state should not coerce virtue when it doesn't affect other persons. What disturbed me was the assertion in the writings that the public accommodations provisions of the 1964 Civil Rights Act were pernicious. And when I said that at the conference, a lot of the participates immediately challenged me. Did I think the law was right?!! This is what I mean by the excessive belief in the libertarian principle at the abstract level. These folks -- including Bailey, I think -- would have left restaurants and hotels to continue discriminating against black people as long as they pleased. Someone asserted that the free market would solve the problem better than government regulation. I said that the restaurant in the case about the constitutionality of the 1964 Civil Rights Act in fact made more money by seating only white customers and serving take-out to black people. One other person at the table agreed, but the point was pushed past. It didn't fit the abstraction. I thought the failure to deal with this point was very damaging to the credibility of what we were reading and talking about.
In any case, I had never met Althouse before the colloquium nor even read her blog. When chatting with her over cocktails, she seemed pleasant enough if a bit vague. In casual conversation, she made sure that I knew that she had been a "hippie" back in the day.Self-deprecation and modesty doesn't play well with libertarians. "Cocktails," by the way, was a glass of wine. Bailey -- I'll say -- wasn't pleasant or vague. Should I counter with some adjectives about him? He was brusque and didn't seem at ease chatting over cocktails. Think about it. You're a middle-aged man, meeting a woman for the first time, having a drink, and she reveals some little fact about herself. What do you do? Smile and reveal some little thing about yourself and make connections? Or do you grunt a few syllables and decide she's a lightweight?
During the sessions when the group analyzed various texts from Meyer, she often seemed lost, not really following the discussion. As she has blogged, she was clearly out of her milieu.I was uncomfortable with the crowd I found myself in because I felt they were essentially celebrating a man who had written a slim book touting a political philosophy that was used in its time very specifically to oppose civil rights and desegregation. Too many people at the table wanted to talk -- at length and repetitiously -- about abstractions, such as the meaning of the word "virtue." I found this perverse and offensive. I may have "seemed lost" to Bailey, and I surely was not content to just "follow the discussion." I thought there were serious matters that had to be dealt with. Why should I respect this man Meyer at all to want to engage with his book? He wrote screeds in the National Review urging the southern governors to take over the National Guard and fight off school desegregation! It was simply bizarre. Yet I had committed myself to nine hours of conversation! I had to listen to everyone politely. I had no option to walk out. If that look on my face "seemed lost," then I was doing a decent enough job of concealing my true feelings. It wasn't easy.
One session at the end of conference was devoted to Meyer's defense of federalism-his idea is that the constitutional structure that divides state power among political subdivisions tends to limit the power of the state over individuals, thus enlarging the sphere of personal liberty. The tragic historical abuse of federalism was state-mandated racial segregation which Meyer defended. As I understood Meyer's argument, he believed that preserving federalism as bulwark [sic] against the growth of central government power was more important to him than vindicating the rights of black Americans.Big of him, huh? He really believed his principles, so deeply that black people were just going to have to suffer for his beliefs. What a guy! But you tell me: How do I know he loved his principles first and felt just terrible about how other people were going to have to pay the price for his lofty commitments or whether he actually came to love his ideas because of where they would lead? Why do you love the abstractions you love? To ask this question is not to fail to be an intellectual. To fail to ask this question is to fall short as a thinker.
I heard way too many people say they wanted to stay on the abstract level and then flatter themselves by saying this made them intellectuals. This did not unleash waves of admiration from me, however. It made me begin to entertain the thought that some of these seemingly normal, nice enough people really were racists. How could you tell?
Now here's where Althouse begins to get strange. During that session, as I recall, absolutely everyone around the table condemned Meyer's defense of federalism in the face of the real evil of state-mandated segregation. Everyone!Yes, state-mandated segregation. But I had brought up the subject of discrimination by private business-owners, which was roundly defended at the table in the name of restricting government to the most minimal level of intrusion on the individual, in hardcore, true-believer libertarian style. (Believe me, the readings expressed the most morbid fear of government you can imagine.)
But apparently not vigorously enough for Althouse.Because my problem was not limited to state-mandated segregation. You were very clear that that was all you opposed.
Although she did not say it during the sessions, she apparently believes that past racism means that federalism is tainted. She has not made very clear what that "taint" means for the future of federalism.I've written about this a lot, and not only did I talk about it at the conference, but I've been writing about this in law review articles for 20 years. You might try educating yourself about what I think before writing a big attack on me. Or maybe you're the one with dulled thinking skills. My point, which is quite clear, is that federalism has been associated with the evils of racism historically and that this presents a problem for those who would portray it as good thing today. There are many people who simply experience "federalism" as a code-word for racism. I have written about the positive values of federalism for a long time and have often encountered this problem. I know from long experience that it is crucial to disaggregate federalism from the history of racism to make it attractive in political and legal arguments. As long as Bailey is disparaging my intelligence, I may as well say that Bailey's inability to get this point doesn't make him look terribly smart.
However, during the session, some participants did wonder if there was a way to rescue federalism and really re-establish states as 50 different "laboratories of democracy." Contemporary libertarians strongly favor federalism because it allows some states to permit gay marriage, physician assisted death, medical marijuana, concealed carry of handguns, and surrogate motherhood contracts and other private activities without interference from the Feds. I would be even more startled to discover that Althouse opposes these and similar cases of federalism.Bailey doesn't seem to know that this is a subject I've written a great deal about in my scholarly writing. Nor does he seem to remember that I brought up this aspect of federalism at the conference. I was the main person who did! Talk about not paying attention!
Of course, libertarians who are eager to prevent the state from interfering in the lives of citizens in order to enforce its version of virtuous behavior, support this kind of federalism. This point was made repeatedly in conference sessions.Yeah, mainly by me.
As I said, if Althouse thought America's shameful racist history meant that federalism is beyond rescuing (including the "good kinds" just mentioned), she had ample opportunity to make that point during the formal sessions.Which I don't, so this is just an obtuse point.
However, she can't expect everyone in the room who have been discussing these issues for years to just roll over and agree with her. Oh, by the way, did I mention that no one defended Meyer's views on federalism and racial segregation?.Again: obtuse.
Liberty Fund colloquia strongly encourage conversation among participants outside of the formal sessions. Participants dine together every evening and are usually seated at tables of six or so participants in order to facilitate conversation. (Althouse weirdly and incorrectly refers to these rules that aim to encourage discussion as "cult-like" here.)The surly Bailey doesn't appreciate my sense of humor.
After dinner, conferees are invited back to a hospitality suite for cocktails and snacks where they can talk further with one another for as long they like. As it happens, I was sitting at a table at the dinner in which Ann Althouse had her apparent epiphany about tainted federalism and her panic attack about the racial sensitivities of conservatives and libertarians.We'll get to what he terms a "panic attack" further down.
What happened is that since she had not joined several of us in the hospitality suite the previous night, she asked what we have been discussing until 2 am. Some of my tablemates at dinner told her that I had provoked a spirited debate (lasting perhaps and hour and a half) about the Civil Rights Act of 1964. I had asserted that state-sanctioned racial segregation was so egregious a violation of the rights of black citizens that it was absolutely necessary for the federal government to intervene to smash it.Again, note that he was only opposing "state-sanctioned racial segregation" and only because it was "so egregious" a violation. And apparently, it took a big one-and-a-half-hour fight even to get through that point! I'm trying to convey to you readers just how retrograde things were here. At what point would you start to wonder if this is what it is like to be with racists (of a certain level of intelligence and social class)?
The whole political point of libertarianism is to strictly limit the power of the state over individuals. Mandating racial segregation via state power (as was done in the Southern states) is precisely the kind of state tyranny what libertarians detest [sic]. In any case, I think she found my view of the Civil Rights Act agreeable.Hardly. You would have protected the individual rights of the businesses that would have gone on discriminating. You only wanted to limit the state, which is what you always want to do anyway, in service of your big idea.
During the discussion in the hospitality suite, absolutely no one defended state-sanctioned segregation and all agreed that Federal intervention was necessary to outlaw state-enforced Jim Crow segregation.Again with the "state-sanctioned"! That isn't the point. This is so obtuse!
Once the topic had been broached over dinner, I turned to another tablemate who is a fervent Catholic intellectual to discuss some bioethical stuff. We had brought up transhumanism during one of the sessions earlier in the day. The two of us were having a perfectly civil conversation about the moral status of embryos. Anyway next thing I know, Ann Althouse is shouting at two of our dinner companions demanding that they prove to her (Althouse) that they are not racists! She kept asking over and over, "How do I know that I'm not sitting at a table full of racists?" This was completely bizarre! It should go without saying, but I will say it: No one at the conference could even remotely be accused of being racist.I've already explained how I came to feel that the people I was sitting with could in fact be racists. At the table, I asked my question calmly at first, but was met with continued assertions about the rights of business owners and hypotheticals about the rights of white people. There was a long, irritating hypothetical about KKK members that I couldn't hear over the din of the restaurant. The other woman at the table who was going on in this vein was very young, in her mid-twenties, and she maintained a smug expression on her face as she talked about the rights of white people and repeatedly declined to express concern for the history of racism in the United States and the suffering of real people. It was always back to the hypos about white people. I tried very hard not to express anger at her, but finally I did: How do I know you're not a racist? It was a serious question, something I'd been wondering about all day.
Apparently, the three of them had been discussing the constitutionality of the public accommodations sections of the Civil Rights Act that forbids private businesses to racially discriminate among customers. That is an interesting issue where people ask serious questions about how to balance state intervention and individual choice. Anyway, it's an important issue over which people of good will may disagree-once state-enforced segregation is obliterated, will individual choices under equality of law and in a free market place end racial discrimination? Perhaps not. As Nobel Economics Laureate Gary Becker has argued if a minority group is a very small percentage of a population, then the costs of discrimination will be borne mainly by the minority and market forces may not be strong enough to overcome such discrimination. To me, the provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that compelled private businesses to serve people of all races have largely resulted in beneficial outcomes. But beneficial outcomes may not be the only desideratum of state intervention. Consider the egregious violation of property rights that took place in the Kelo v. New London case. After all, forcing Ms. Kelo to sell her house so that the city could give it to a private developer is beneficial to the city of New London's tax base. Again, people of good will can have serious disagreements on where the proper limits to state power should lie. For example, should the Feds outlaw gay marriage, medical marijuana, concealed carry, surrogate motherhood even though some states want their citizens to have the opportunity to participate in those activities? Some conservatives would say yes. Libertarians would say no.Got that? He thinks the government should have left the private businesses alone to discriminate against black people as long as they felt like it.
In trying to explain to Althouse why private discrimination might be OK, I later pieced together that my tablemates had posed the question of whether or not Althouse would want to have the right to refuse to serve KKK members if she owned a restaurant--say, the KKK members were planning to have a weekly luncheon meeting at her cafe? My interpretation of what happened is that because she didn't want to appear to be hypocrite, she refused to answer and kept asking more and more abstract questions about their example. When she was backed into a corner, she lashed out, suggesting that people who disagreed with her feelings were racists. Eventually, she was so upset that she began crying. Of course, at that point the possibility of civil intellectual discourse completely evaporated.My friends, in all honesty, what made me cry -- and I'm not too sentimental, as you may have noticed -- was the realization that these people didn't care about civil rights.
I was also astonished by the poise with which my tablemates handled Althouse. Our companions did not raise their voices nor dismiss her (as I would have), but tried to calm her down. In fact, Althouse made the situation even more personal by yelling repeatedly at one of my dinner companions (who is also a colleague) that she was an "intellectual lightweight" and an "embarrassment to women everywhere." In fact, in my opinion, with that statement Althouse had actually identified herself. Before Althouse stalked away, I asked her to apologize for that insult, but she refused.I don't think I said "embarrassment to women everywhere." That doesn't sound like my language. But I really was very angry at this young woman for her smiling and for her incessant justification of racial discrimination. I left the table because Bailey himself yelled at me in an extremely harsh way. He just kept saying "You don't know her. I know her." Basically, they were colleagues, and he was vouching for her. He didn't respond on the substantive issue. How could he? He agreed with her about private discrimination. At that point, I was so offended by these people that I got up and left. I felt terrible about causing a scene and being part of any ugliness. But on long reflection, I think I would have felt far worse if I had sat through all of that without saying anything.
IN THE COMMENTS: Ron Bailey shows up and I respond:
RON BAILEY: Professor Althouse: It is perfectly OK to complain that you think that people are foolishly adhering to principle while ignoring actual experience in the real world. What is NOT OK is for you to shout at other people calling them "racists" because they don't completely agree with your analysis. Especially when they are NOT racists.
Ron, you took the cake for shouting that night, but I agree that I got angry in the end, after much provocation and a severe lack of friendliness. I did not call people racists. I talked about how important it was to distinguish yourself from racist things that adhere to your abstract ideas. If anyone at that table had had the decency to say sincerely that they cared about civil rights and wanted to find a way to make it show that they hated racism, I would never have gotten angry like that. You suddenly became very vicious toward me, in defense of your friend. It looked really ugly. I was just begging for people to care about racism. Your colleague had an infuriatingly insolent smirk on her face for two hours. I tried very hard to deal with it, but it was just too much for me in the end. You did nothing to reach out toward me, a moderate, who came to the conference interested in libertarians. You completely alienated me and lost me as a potential ally, which was surpassingly foolish politically.
RON BAILEY: As you know calling someone a racist in America in the 2lst century is the worst epithet you can use. Deservedly so, racism is despicable. So you'd better reserve the term for people who really are racist, say, David Duke.
Oh, spare me. You're the one that just wrote a big, long post on a prominent website insulting me every which way you could think of. And yeah, racism is very bad. That's why you should try harder to disassociate yourself from it! Since it's so ugly, get the hell farther away from it. Don't attack me for saying you're standing too close to it... unless you like the impression it gives!
RON BAILEY: Finally, as much it pains me, I guess I have to spell it out for you. When I write: "To me, the provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that compelled private businesses to serve people of all races have largely resulted in beneficial outcomes" that means that I support the public accommodations sections of the Civil Rights Act. Now have I jumped through your racial sensitivity hoops enough?
No. You admit that there were benefits but you still stood by the principle that government should not have acted, and you're still calling my concern about civil rights "racial sensitivity hoops." It's quite absurd, really. You didn't have to make a big display today of how little you cared, and I never wrote a post about you. Go ahead and stew in your own fetid juice. You're missing a part, man.
RON BAILEY: BTW, your ad hominem, "Think about it. You're a middle-aged man, meeting a woman for the first time, having a drink" implying that if I'm not racist, that I may be anti-feminist. Priceless.
It wasn't an accusation of sexism, Ron, as the context of my post makes pretty damned clear. It was a way of saying that you did not understand the function of small talk and were socially awkward. You still don't get it. And the only reason I went ahead and wrote it is because you blatantly insulted me. You took any number of gratuitous shots at me and that freed me to be rude right back at you.
UPDATE: Three academics respond to this post, and I fight back here. I'm not responding to everyone who goes after this post, though. There are a few people who apparently monitor this blog constantly and do dumb little posts that -- really -- I have seen. If you send significant traffic here, and I never respond to you, it's because I think you're boring, little man.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Saturday, May 16, 2009
Demons of "Stupity"
Saturday, May 16, 2009
Anyway, for those of you not familiar with the strip, Dilbert's dog Dogbert likes to go around exorcising people of their stupidity, like so:
Which is pretty hilarious, and also what Leni's coworkers wanted on their department manager's birthday cake.
Instead, they got this:
94 comments | Post a Comment
HA! That's awful.
...but really funny.
-Deb - May 16, 2009 at 9:31 AM
LOL! I used to have a coffee cup that said that and I would shake it at people I worked with...
- May 16, 2009 at 9:37 AM
- GJC said...
Stupity is the emotion one feels upon being informed of impending Falker Satherhood.
"Tim lapsed into silent stupity when Carol told him she was carrying triplets." - May 16, 2009 at 9:40 AM
- Johanna said...
My 7 year old daughter used to call me 'stupity' when she was little if I acted like a loon to make her laugh. Now, if I even attempt the same behaviour in front of her, she whines "Muu -uum! You're *embarrassing* me" whilst looking around to see if anyone else is looking. . . .
But this cake! How perfectly perfect!
You see, if they'd *asked* for that (piling on the irony factor) it just wouldn't have been funny. But because the wreckorator didn't realise their mistake, it's priceless!
Ah, we can all sleep happy in our beds tonight. :-)
Jo UK - May 16, 2009 at 9:44 AM
I think a touch more red to the icing might have made the words more meaningful...mithspelling aside. Really, how seriously would you take an exorcis-or if he/she showed up in pink with a "bibel" ...you'd probably just roll over and kiss your sweet soul good bye!
- May 16, 2009 at 9:45 AM
Obviously the demons of "stupity" are hard to kick...
- May 16, 2009 at 9:58 AM
- joyce said...
Wow---my husband is gonna love this one. He is a Dilbert fan. And he will want one of the mugs, too. It would be good to shake at the silly people who believe in the Mars Hoax.
- May 16, 2009 at 10:04 AM
- writtenwyrdd said...
And thus the visual definition of "ironic."
- May 16, 2009 at 10:05 AM
Awesome! Dogbert's point could not have been made better - and yummier.
- May 16, 2009 at 10:05 AM
- Kristin aka Trekkie Gal said...
When we first saw the Demons of Stupidity , we had to cut it out and hang it on the bulletin board at work. :D
- May 16, 2009 at 10:08 AM
I sense a T-shirt in the works. Dear God you just can't make this stuff up.
- May 16, 2009 at 10:08 AM
- Stephanie McGee said...
Wow...the fact that the wreckerator didn't even attempt Dogbert makes it even more wreckful. Love it!
- May 16, 2009 at 10:09 AM
- Pat Flowers said...
This is going to be my screen saver at the office.
- May 16, 2009 at 10:09 AM
- Kath said...
I want that exact cake for my husband. It's so perfect it's almost not a wreck. Almost. Maybe not.
- May 16, 2009 at 10:22 AM
- Kath said...
I have the original comic strip hanging in my cubicle...it seems to have followed me from job to job, cube to cube! rofl
Love the cake...it might have to be my new desktop picture! - May 16, 2009 at 10:25 AM
- Susan T-O said...
Gotta agree with Johanna on this one. That's actually funnier than if they had gotten what they ordered.
- May 16, 2009 at 10:27 AM
I'm not sure if this is an epic fail or an epic win...or perhaps we're officially in a parallel universe where it's both.
- May 16, 2009 at 10:27 AM
- jackie31337 said...
Gladys said Stupity is the emotion one feels upon being informed of impending Falker Satherhood.
"Tim lapsed into silent stupity when Carol told him she was carrying triplets."
Did you deliberately choose the names of two Dilbert charcters for your example? See Ted the generic guy (sometimes also called Tim) and Carol, who is apparently important enough to have her very own Wikipedi article dedicated to her. She would be pleased.
WV: plyst. Sounds Swedish, and possibly obscene. - May 16, 2009 at 10:40 AM
- Half Assed Kitchen said...
Out, you...you...Demons of Dum!
Angie (from over at www.HalfAssedKitchen.com) - May 16, 2009 at 10:45 AM
- Naddy said...
at first i thought of the wreck was the decorator omitting dogbert. but then i read the comments and realized (after a second look) that the wreck was 'stupity'.
i also loved the pointy haired boss from dilbert. - May 16, 2009 at 10:59 AM
- Dorci said...
If I'd have known that's what Dilbert was about, or at least his dog, I would have loved it a long time ago.
I may need to print that somewhere. - May 16, 2009 at 11:07 AM
- Dawn said...
Does that sticker say "Fresh Bread"?
- May 16, 2009 at 11:18 AM
- megan said...
WV: Stupity
a mix of stupidity and iniquity, or really dumb wickedness, "By the end of her first day on the new job, Carol knew she had wandered into a den of stupity." - May 16, 2009 at 11:21 AM
- Laura said...
does the label say french bread?
- May 16, 2009 at 11:23 AM
- Raychel said...
lol... just what I needed to start my saturday morning!
Raychel from www.mycreativeway.blogspot.com - May 16, 2009 at 11:24 AM
- Pink Haired Momma said...
I love it!!
- May 16, 2009 at 11:28 AM
The label also claims this is not cake...it's some sort of elaborate "French Bread" according to them.
- May 16, 2009 at 11:30 AM
Stupity is as stupity does, and Stupity wreckorated this cake.
- May 16, 2009 at 11:35 AM
- Jan Holt said...
I love this one. Not only for the creative ironic spelling but because it's all frilly with pink roses and sweetness. It just makes me laugh on so many levels. Yum.
- May 16, 2009 at 12:06 PM
A funny coincidence, but not ironic. Irony has a different meaning. look it up.
- May 16, 2009 at 12:11 PM
My favorite part is how lazy the cake shop must have been-- it looks like they took a pre-made, pre-decorated cake intended to have "Happy Birthday Ollie" or somesuch written on it, and used that. Which is why there are sweet pink roses along with the garbled message. Seems a little out of context...
- May 16, 2009 at 12:13 PM
- Jessica R. said...
That is truly priceless. They must have LOVED that cake!
- May 16, 2009 at 12:20 PM
- Kaleena said...
I also love how the label says that it is french bread....
- May 16, 2009 at 12:22 PM
Love it! Too funny. And since my spelling is awful I had to go back up and look at the original to see what was wrong! hehe At least I'm not decorating cakes...
- May 16, 2009 at 12:36 PM
So perfect. Everything about this cake makes me feel giggly. Sugar, chocolate, pink, humor, irony. It's missing nothing. This is the perfect cake.
- May 16, 2009 at 12:50 PM
- Crystal said...
Oh the "stupity".
LOL - May 16, 2009 at 12:50 PM
- Mii Maker said...
Gladys's comment wins. :D Just about as much as that cake.
;) The Mii Maker ;)
P.S. I've been reading Cake Wrecks so much that often times when I say, "That reminds me!" my mom or brother will say "Cake Wrecks?" :P - May 16, 2009 at 12:51 PM
- Syn said...
hahahaha, wowwwww! I think this is one of the best wrecks I have seen posted here in quite a while. I love this post.
Word Verification: oshizeas
"O shizeas!" the decorator exclaimed as she realized she misspelled the message on the cake, "Maybe no one will notice." - May 16, 2009 at 12:51 PM
- Unknown said...
Nothing like an 'exorcism' cake with pink roses!
~Amy B - May 16, 2009 at 12:54 PM
THAT is my all time favorite! LOLOLOLOL!!!
- May 16, 2009 at 1:17 PM
- Haiku Joy said...
Out, out, brief candle!
(Oops, that's the wrong allusion.)
Out, Dogbert! (or "Spot" . . .)
wv: babialur
I can be such a babialur sometimes - just don't know when to shuddup. - May 16, 2009 at 1:24 PM
- Cheryl said...
Not to mention that whoever labeled it thought it was French bread!
- May 16, 2009 at 1:27 PM
- JEM said...
Imagine my surprise last night while sitting down playing a game of Trival Pursuit on X-box 360, and "Cake Wrecks" came up on one of the lists of answers under Arts and Literature.
- May 16, 2009 at 1:40 PM
- Debbi said...
OMG! Nothing quite says "stupity" like dainty pink roses.
WV: quiver. That kind of says it all, don't you think? - May 16, 2009 at 2:14 PM
- The Courteous Chihuahua said...
Okay, how's this for stupity?
I had to read twice before I saw the problem....hee, hee. - May 16, 2009 at 2:18 PM
- BITTER OLD BITCH said...
Somewhere, out there in a bakery...there is a decorator that has no idea what kind of hilarity they've unleashed upon humanity with this masterpiece.
Bless them.
Bless them. - May 16, 2009 at 2:24 PM
yet another perfect t-shirt slogan given birth to on a cake-wreck.
hilarious. - May 16, 2009 at 2:25 PM
And pink roses? So out of synch with "stupity." I mean, really.
- May 16, 2009 at 2:41 PM
- Vashti said...
Oh how STUPIT!
- May 16, 2009 at 2:50 PM
Ohhhh, thank goodness they didn't attempt to create Dogbert. I was cringeing as I scrolled down, fully expecting another blobby yellow disaster of Spongebob proportions. Dogbert in cupcakes! Perish the thought.
It looks like the "decorator" ran out of room to pipe the entire word; perhaps s/he thought they wouldn't notice an entire syllable missing. - May 16, 2009 at 2:51 PM
- Mel said...
I almost peed my pants. I definitely snorted. That was just too good.
- May 16, 2009 at 2:52 PM
- Lisa Chin said...
Aw man, the really sad part is that I had to look at the cake a minute before I realized what was wrong with it! I am pitiful :p
- May 16, 2009 at 2:55 PM
- the peach tart said...
your cakes are amazing as is your blog
- May 16, 2009 at 3:01 PM
The cake's price sticker says "French Bread" too...lol.
- May 16, 2009 at 3:07 PM
- the ginabean said...
That's one of the "best" stories to date! Ha ha...
- May 16, 2009 at 3:14 PM
Does the price label say "French Bread?"
- May 16, 2009 at 3:29 PM
- Unknown said...
This is a classic! I'm a huge Dilbert fan, though I think this wreckerator may have actually improved upon the strip. Perhaps Dilbert should include this cake as Dogbert attemts to exorcise it?
You sure your dad isn't in space tilemetry? :) - May 16, 2009 at 3:30 PM
Is it bad that I didn't notice anything was wrong until I started reading the comments?
- May 16, 2009 at 3:38 PM
- Unknown said...
**telemetry. Wish I could say that was on purpose...
- May 16, 2009 at 3:52 PM
The label says "Fresh bread every day at 5 or it's free" (or something very close to that) - Pretty sure this is a grocery chain near me that uses that advert on ALL its bakery/deli items. It's the blackout that gives it the additional irony of appearing mis-labelled.
I <3 Dogbert. - May 16, 2009 at 4:08 PM
- Sharon said...
I have a question.
Do the demons of stupity fear chocolate or pink flowers more? - May 16, 2009 at 4:44 PM
@Ricalynnand: yeah, thats kroger.
- May 16, 2009 at 5:02 PM
- Helana said...
Love the pink roses. It goes with the I hate you affect
- May 16, 2009 at 5:39 PM
- Mara said...
HAH! Go, Safeway cake! Lovely.
(...but speaking as an employee of Slaveway, I'd like to take this time to say that our cakes are always perfect. Join us now for our Go to Grill event at a Safeway near you.) - May 16, 2009 at 5:52 PM
- Angela said...
ohmygoodness, that is totally funny.
- May 16, 2009 at 5:57 PM
I want that on a t-shirt!
- May 16, 2009 at 6:38 PM
- sendingtheclowns said...
BITTER OLD BITCH said...
"Somewhere, out there in a bakery...there is a decorator that has no idea what kind of hilarity they've unleashed upon humanity with this masterpiece."
Don't you mean, "hilarty" being unleashed upon "humity"?
@Haiku Joy :
It popped into *my* head as Lady Macbeth's "Out, damned spot! Out, I say!"
But that was not a dog, like "Spot." - May 16, 2009 at 6:59 PM
Awesome. Just ... awesome. :)
You should forward that cake to Scott Adams. :)
Jenn - May 16, 2009 at 7:12 PM
This would be perfect for your book cover. People would have to buy the book just to find out what that cake was supposed to be.
- May 16, 2009 at 7:28 PM
- Erin said...
How...How!...HOW??!?!? do things like this ever leave the bakery?
- May 16, 2009 at 7:39 PM
um, yeah...
even if it has been spelled right, does anyone else think this is just a strange cake to put it on?
because, pink flowers and stupity go hand-in-hand! :) - May 16, 2009 at 7:45 PM
- emertonom said...
Seconding Ricalynnand's comment...there's a particular grocery chain which starts all its bakery labels with a little ad saying "French bread hot at 5pm or it's free" before identifying the actual stickered product. It's a bizarre practice, but not unique to this wreck, which stands on its own stupity. ;)
- May 16, 2009 at 8:12 PM
Dilbert is a hoot, but this cake takes it...(the cake, that is.) Even though stupidity seems to be running rampant through the world these days, chocolate and rosy stupity is a refreshing (and amusing) change!!!
Rock on stupity!!!
Thanks for the laugh, Jen! :) - May 16, 2009 at 8:30 PM
- My name is Michelle. said...
Love it! It needs to be a shirt.
- May 16, 2009 at 8:37 PM
- FreedomFirst said...
Haha. That is great. I love the little roses substituting for Dogbert.
- May 16, 2009 at 8:46 PM
- Shari said...
I laughed so hard I just peed a little (but I'm pregnant, what's your excuse?)
- May 16, 2009 at 9:50 PM
Miciah, there are multiple forms of irony. This cake is an example of situational irony.
-Eva - May 16, 2009 at 10:19 PM
- Haiku Joy said...
Thanks! I'm glad someone else saw the allusion. Both are to Shakespeare's Macbeth, but because of the syllabic confines inherent in the haiku, I chose to pun on the word spot as though it were a dog's name. If I could have thrown in a Data reference somehow, I would have.
wv: mograt
And the mograts outgrabe. - May 16, 2009 at 11:33 PM
So, I was ever so casually reading something (okay, it was Norman D. Knox' essay, "Irony", in Dictionary of the History of Ideas: Studies of Selected Pivotal Ideas, ed. Philip P. Wiener (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1973), Vol. II, pp. 626-634.) {ahem}
At any rate it said, in part: "IRONY may be defined as the conflict of two meanings which has a dramatic structure peculiar to itself: initially, one meaning, the appearance, presents itself as the obvious truth, but when the context of this meaning unfolds, in depth or in time, it surprisingly discloses a conflicting meaning, the reality, measured against which the first meaning now seems false or limited and, in its self-assurance, blind to its own situation." (emphasis added)So, to belabor the obvious, Dogbert's "out!! out!!" upon the cake turned the joke and conflicted it's meaning and then, turned it again. (Are we insiders or outsiders, audience or mark? Hmm.)
Let me also note that the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary states that the word origin for irony is the Greek eironeia meaning 'simulated ignorance'. This cake would definitely be unintentional simulated ignorance. How unintentionally ironic. Which, I believe, is how it was labeled. I would also say that the meaning has unfolded, that it is, assuredly, a depth of {er} stupity that unfolds upon further examination. (I certainly did a double take on the cake.) I'd say this is definitely an ironic error.
At least that's what I'd say if I were the grammar police. - May 17, 2009 at 12:15 AM
- Ƹ̵̡Ӝ̵̨̄Ʒ Rachie Ƹ̵̡Ӝ̵̨̄Ʒ said...
Lol. My father is an engineer too and I too have no idea what he -specifically- does :P
~ Rachie - May 17, 2009 at 2:13 AM
- Bilby P. Dalgyte said...
lol awesome! :P
- May 17, 2009 at 6:08 AM
Stu Pity called...he wants his demons back. ;)
- May 17, 2009 at 7:11 AM
- Rebekah said...
the sticker says french bread.
HAHAHAHAHA - May 17, 2009 at 8:58 AM
- Brandi said...
BWAHAHAHAHAHA. Wow, that is win X 1000!
- May 17, 2009 at 11:13 AM
Joy? Was it brillig? Did the slithy toves gyre and gimble in the wabe? And were the mimsy borograves there? ;)
- May 17, 2009 at 11:25 AM
- Unknown said...
In the words of Baldrick: "Stupity, stupity, stupity!"
- May 17, 2009 at 9:51 PM
Our local Safeway store often has everything in the bakery section labeled French Bread. Someone is just too lazy to put in the correct label.
- May 18, 2009 at 12:00 AM
haha Baldrick! LL Blackadder.
- May 18, 2009 at 6:33 AM
- Bri said...
HHAHA! Epic Win!
My Monday blues have been beaten! - May 18, 2009 at 1:02 PM
To Orangeophelia: I feel I must point out that the buyer probably picked a random cake out of a display case and requested writing on it; not that the wreckerator was too lazy to draw dogbert or picked pink roses. Hence, it would be the buyer who was too lazy to order a cake ahead of time. That said, it was hilarious!
- May 18, 2009 at 4:39 PM
- Haiku Joy said...
We simply must go snark-hunting sometime. - May 18, 2009 at 5:12 PM
- Sharon Deloy said...
Poor Dilbert. My favorite was the fatherhood cake. The video was hilarious. I laughed as hard as the guy behind the counter and the lady behind the camera.
- May 18, 2009 at 6:55 PM
- Jessie "a4 printers" Collin said...
Awful and Funny .. LOL
- May 19, 2009 at 11:33 PM
- WavesFist said...
heheh Thats tooo Funny :p lawl
- September 22, 2009 at 11:04 PM
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Our Home schooling Curriculum for High School Students starts in the 9th grade and is completed in the 12th grade. American Academy Curriculum Programs include School Of Tomorrow A.C.E. Curriculum, Alpha Omega Curriculum, Ignitia Online Curriculum and other supportive curricula to achieve a home schooling high school diploma.
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Minimum Graduation Requirements 24 Credits
3 Mathematics Courses including Algebra Concepts
4 English 9, English 10, English 11, English 12
4 World History, American History, Civics & Geography, Okla. History/U.S. Constitution
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a. The parent is shown how to maintain the desired quality for their home educational program. The parent thus becomes a Home School Supervisor over the education of their children.
b. The training program is designed to give the Home School Supervisor the confidence and skills to be successful in Home schooling.
American Academy Instructional Method – Best High School Home School Programs
Upon enrollment with our High School Home School Curriculum, each child is tested by means of the Diagnostic Tests. The child is then placed on his own learning ability level in the self-instructional curriculum and advances from one educational level to the next. The child learns to take responsibility for learning while working the material, being supervised and directed by the parent. The Academy supplies the home schooling family with the quality educational structure and tools which will aid the building of academic excellence and Biblical values. This program will help to restore student achievement, good attitudes, and character in the lives of children in our High School Home School Curriculum.
The Advantages Of Our High School Home School Curriculum for Your High School Student
At American Academy, each and every year we see successful student/teacher/parent bonds being formed on a daily basis. Not every child can say with pride that their parent sacrificed precious time in their own life to further educate their own children because they felt that the public education system was not sufficient or dedicated enough to their child.
Our past home school for high school students and involved parents can attest to our prospective ones the effectiveness of our high school home schooling program in Oklahoma City and the vast benefits that come with it including but not limited to:
1. You being able to control your young students learning material and pace.
2. You being able to convey to your child that learning can be fun and rewarding and not always strenuous and boring.
3. Developing a much stronger relationship and bond with your child.
4. You being able to give your child personal attention and have every question answered without having to compete with other students for the time of a teacher.
5. You being able to keep a better schedule with your child because of eliminated travel time and unforeseen adversities that can come with a public school system.
6. You being able to teach your own core values and beliefs.
7. You being able to identify and concentrate on your child's strengths and weaknesses alike.
There are many more potential advantages to home school for high school students but none surpass the invaluable time you get to spend with your child that seems to be missing from American core values today.
If you would like more information on our high school material, call American Academy and be on your way to improving your child's education today with our High School Home School Curriculum.


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Below are President Obama's and Republican challenger Mitt Romney's policies and proposals regarding immigration. NPR will be comparing the two candidates on various issues in the run-up to the November election. If you have suggestions for other issues you'd like us to explore, please leave a note in the comments section below.
DREAM Act:
Supports; also endorses letting foreign students stay in U.S. after college graduation.
"Something that we can do immediately that is very important is to pass the DREAM Act, which allows children who through no fault of their own are here but have essentially grown up as Americans, allow them the opportunity for higher education."
Austin, Texas, Democratic primary debate, 2008
Opposes; says he would veto the act if Congress passes it but supports allowing illegal immigrants who serve honorably in the U.S. military to become permanent citizens.
"I'm delighted with the idea that people who come to this country and wish to serve in the military can be given a path to become permanent residents in this country. For those that come here illegally, the idea of giving them in-state tuition credits or other special benefits I find to be contrary to the idea of a nation of law."
LeMars, Iowa, Dec. 31, 2011
Illegal immigrants living in the U.S.:
Has ordered a stop to the deportations of younger illegal immigrants who came to U.S. as children and have no criminal history; administration presided over record 396,906 deportations in 2011.
"This is not amnesty; this is not immunity. This is not a path to citizenship. It's not a permanent fix. This is a temporary stopgap measure that lets us focus our resources wisely while giving a degree of relief and hope to talented, driven, patriotic young people."
Rose Garden remarks on suspension of deportations of young people, June 15, 2012
Has advocated "self-deportation" and sanctions for employers who hire illegal workers. Romney has declined to say whether he would reverse Obama's policy on younger immigrants if elected president, and referred to the president's plan as a politically motivated, "stopgap measure."
"The answer is self-deportation, which is people decide they can do better by going home because they can't find work here because they don't have legal documentation to allow them to work here. We're not going to round people up."
GOP primary debate, Tampa, Fla., Jan. 23, 2012
Arizona immigration enforcement law:
Opposed; said law, key parts of which the Supreme Court has struck down, undermines notion of fairness.
"What this decision makes unmistakably clear is that Congress must act on comprehensive immigration reform. A patchwork of state laws is not a solution to our broken immigration system; it's part of the problem."
Response to high court ruling, June 25, 2012
Endorsed parts of law as "model" during February primary debate, defends state-based immigration action as a right.
"I believe that each state has the duty — and the right — to secure our borders and preserve the rule of law, particularly when the federal government has failed to meet its responsibilities."
Response to high court ruling, June 25, 2012
Comprehensive immigration overhaul:
Supported failed 2007 legislation that would have created path to citizenship for illegal immigrants; criticized by Hispanic community for not pursuing reform when he had Democratic majorities in Congress.
"My Cabinet has been working very hard on trying to get it done, but ultimately, I think somebody said the other day, I am president, I am not king. I can't do these things just by myself. We have a system of government that requires the Congress to work with the executive branch to make it happen."
Univision Radio interview with Eddie "Piolin" Sotelo, Oct. 25, 2010
Had supported 2007 immigration reform act that created path to citizenship for illegal immigrants; since denounced it as "amnesty plan."
"Amnesty is a magnet. ... Programs that have said that if people who come here illegally are going to get to stay illegally for the rest of their life, that's going to only encourage more people to come here illegally."
CNN GOP primary debate, Nov. 22, 2011
Border fence:
Supported 2006 congressional measure to build a fence on U.S. border with Mexico; declared, to much GOP criticism in May 2011, that the fence is "basically complete."
"We have gone above and beyond what was requested by the very Republicans who said they supported border reform as long as we got serious about enforcement. ... They'll want a higher fence. Maybe they'll need a moat. Maybe they want alligators in the moat. They'll never be satisfied. And I understand that. That's politics."
El Paso, Texas, May 10, 2011
Supports; also wants more guards to secure it.
"We've got to have a fence, or the technologically approved system to make sure we know who's coming into the country, No. 1. No. 2, we ought to have enough agents to secure that fence and to make sure that people coming over are caught."
Reagan Library GOP primary debate, Sept. 7, 2011
English as the official language:
Opposes; voted no as senator in 2007 on amendment to immigration overhaul bill that would have made English the national language.
"Now, I agree that immigrants should learn English. I agree with that. But understand this. Instead of worrying about whether immigrants can learn English — they'll learn English — you need to make sure your child can speak Spanish. You should be thinking about, how can your child become bilingual?"
Powder Springs, Ga., July 8, 2008
Supports; also supports English immersion over bilingual education.
"I believe English should be the official language of the United States. I also believe that in our schools, we should teach kids in English. ... Kids in this country should learn English so they can have all the jobs and all the opportunity of people who are here."
CNN GOP primary debate, Jan. 26, 2012
Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.


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Two years ago, lawmakers endowed a five-person panel with the power to tell doctors how much they can charge patients for health care services. Now, some physicians with private practices say the rate-setting authority could put them out of business.
As part of a health care reform initiative launched under Gov. Peter Shumlin, lawmakers have intensified oversight of the medical industry, and granted unprecedented powers to a board that now regulates doctors and hospitals.
Among the licenses handed to the Green Mountain Care Board is the ability to set rates for physicians, and a handful of doctors flocked to the Statehouse last week to urge legislators to revoke that authority.
"When the state controls how doctors are paid, it opens the door for the state to use an elaborate system of financial rewards and punishments to manipulate the clinical decision-making of doctors," said Dr. Robert Emmons, a psychiatrist with a private practice in Burlington.
Emmons and fellow doctors said imposing a ceiling on reimbursement rates would prevent doctors like him from providing the kind of premium care for which some patients are willing to pay higher prices.
"I believe we need private medicine in Vermont as an alternative for patients and doctors who expect the qualities of care that can be achieved within the framework of traditional clinical and ethical values," Emmons said.
The Green Mountain Care Board will oversee the push toward single-payer health care in Vermont, a publicly financed system that Shumlin says he'll have in place by 2017.
While the half-dozen doctors who spoke last week targeted the rate-setting authority specifically, their press event was organized by Vermonters for Health Care Freedom, a group dedicated to thwarting single-payer.
Robin Lunge, director of health care reform for the Shumlin administration, said decisions about patient care have already been wrested from most doctors by the insurance companies that determine how much they'll be paid for various services and procedures.
"Do you think the insurance company is asking them how much money they'd like to get paid?" Lunge said. "No, the insurance company is telling them how much they're going to pay."
If rate-setting authority is placed in the hands of a public body, Lunge said, then the process used to determine reimbursement schedules will at least be visible to users of the system.
"What we're looking to do is create some fairness and transparency in the system," she said. "None of us has any idea when we go to a physician at a hospital how much it's going to cost, and I think there's a lot of interest in creating that kind of transparency. And the only way to create that transparency is in a systematic way."
Dr. John Wheeler, a private plastic surgeon with practicing privileges at Rutland Regional Medical Center, said the state's rate-setting authority goes further than it needs to accomplish Lunge's goal. The law gives the Green Mountain Care Board the power to set rates not only for doctors who choose to participate in the single-payer system, but also those who opt to remain outside of it.
Wheeler said that if he and a patient want to negotiate a payment plan that allows for a level of physician attention made impossible by the high-volume traffic at conventional practices, then the government ought to leave them be.
"To be part of a larger group and told that I need to see a certain number of patients each and every day would not allow me this ability to work with individual patients, which I find so helpful," Wheeler said. "Let us have our freedoms of individual practice."
Mark Larson, commissioner of the Vermont Department of Health Access, says overhauling the systemwide shortcomings in the current system will require far-reaching policies.
"The authority was included in Act 48 so that as we move forward with an integrated health system that provides integrated coverage, that we can also manage costs, and make sure we're getting the most for the dollars we spend," Larson said.
Dr. Dick Butsch, a private surgeon who practices at Central Vermont Medical Center, said Vermont's reform effort ought to be conducted in a way that doesn't infringe on the relationship, financial and otherwise, between doctor and patient.
"And to say something is going to be illegal that we've done for so many years could be not very helpful, and in fact destructive," Butsch said.
The Green Mountain Care Board has yet to invoke its rate-setting authority over any providers, let alone private physicians. And Lunge said if and when they do, it's very possible that they'll create exceptions for independent physicians like Emmons, Wheeler and Butsch. As the board proceeds with its deliberations, Lunge said, there will be plenty of opportunities to offer input and guidance – a privilege she said doctors don't enjoy in the private-insurance model of health care.
"I think we are prejudging the board, and I don't think there's any evidence to assume they're going to go to the most extreme, most punitive place," Lunge said. "I think we should let them do their work, and see how it develops."


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One Piece Episode 346 English Dubbed
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One Piece Episode 346 dubbed, Watch One Piece Episode 346 English Dubbed Online, One Piece Episode 346 English Dubbed Online. Top favorite ranked Japanese most watched anime, One Piece Anime in English Dubbed Download HD quality full. You can easily watch full episodes of One Piece Anime.
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One Piece Subbed Episodes
The series starts off with a guy named Luffy whose ultimate goal it is to become the one and only "King of all Pirates" and to find the greatest treasure in the world. The first episodes introduce him and some characters and make a lovely start that is entertaining and makes one want more. On his way Luffy meets a lot of very interesting characters who become his crew members and friends – each of them with an intense and captivating background story. Every character in this series – be it friend or foe – is either adorable, tragic, despicable or interesting at the least… no boring characters anywhere. Later on in the series, important events and story twists are often visualized or supported by huge appearances in the fabulous and unreal environments that our crew travels. This is perfectly done and helps the already epic feel of the story. I have seen 150 episodes, four movies and two specials so far and there were moments that made me cry, laugh, think and re-watch some episodes (especially 85-90) at least 30 times. You might come to the false conclusion of having a kids show here due to the presentation, but that is definitely wrong. Monkey D. Luffy has the ability to stretch like rubber, but he can't swim. A big problem for someone who wants to be pirate king! But he has gathered a crew of Zolo, a lazy swordsman who uses three swords, Nami, a redhead thieving navigator, Usopp, a lying and cowardly marksman, Sanji, a kicking (literally)cook, and Tony Tony Chopper, a reindeer doctor.


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If the product is damaged in any way or has become broken in transit please call our customer services team on 01642 455145 within 24 hours of receipt of goods.
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Traditions & Etiquette
The Spirit of Curling
Curling is a game of skill and traditions. A shot well executed is a delight to see, and so, too, it is a fine thing to observe the time-honored traditions of curling being applied in the true spirit of the game. Curlers play to win, but never to humble their opponents. A true curler would prefer to lose, rather than win unfairly.
A good curler never attempts to distract an opponent or otherwise prevent another curler from playing his or her best.
No curler ever deliberately breaks a rule of the game or any of its traditions. But, if a curler should so inadvertently and be aware of it, he or she is the first to divulge the breach.
While the main objective of the game is to determine the relative skills of the players, the spirit of the game demands good sportsmanship, kindly feeling, and honorable conduct. This spirit should influence both the interpretation and application of the rules of the game and also the conduct of all participants on and off the ice.
Be on time. Get to the club in time to change and warm up before the game. When you're late you're holding up seven other players. If you know you'll be unavoidably late, inform your team in advance.
Get a sub. On occasions when you're not able to curl as scheduled, it's your responsibility to get a substitute of similar ability and experience. Specific substitution rules may apply in your league; be aware of these before arranging for a sub. Call your skip and give the name of the curler substituting for you or the names of people you have called. No shows are no-no's.
Practice on a different sheet. If you arrive early and want to throw a few stones to practice or warm up, by all means do so. But be sure not to use the sheet you'll be playing on.
Start with a handshake. At the beginning of a game, greet the members of the opposing team with a handshake, tell them your name, and wish them good curling. Make sure that everyone knows everyone else.
Finish with a handshake. When the game is over, offer each of the players a hearty handshake and move to the warm room. The winning curlers traditionally offer their counterparts some refreshment. In turn, your opponent should reciprocate.
Keep the ice clean. Change your shoes in the warm room. Sand, grit, and dirt are the ice's worst enemy. The shoes you wear should only be used for curling. Keep them clean.
Compliment a good shot. One of the nicest curling traditions is that players and spectators compliment a good shot by either side while not remarking on a poor shot or a competitors misfortune.
Be ready. Take your position in the hack as soon as your opponent has delivered his/her stone. Keep the game moving: delays detract from the sport. Be prepared to sweep as soon as your teammate releases the rock. Don't be caught off guard and have to run after the stone.
Be courteous. Don't distract your opponent in the hack. Keep your distance, be silent and motionless. Don't walk or run across the ice when a player is in the hack. Don't gather around the back of the house when an opponent is throwing. Sweepers should stay on the sidelines between the courtesy lines when not sweeping, including when walking back from sweeping a shot.
Be safe. Follow your rocks: continue down the sheet and catch any rocks that are headed out of bounds into neighboring sheets, and fence rocks that collide with side boards to prevent them from bouncing back into the field of play. Be careful: if you are uneasy stepping around rocks in front of the house to sweep your stone, please pull up and and your teammates take over. Safety first.
Wait for the score. Vice skips are the only players allowed in the house while the score for the end is being decided. All other players should wait beyond the hog line until told they may move into the house to clear the rocks, or until the vice skips move the rocks in the house.


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API: Entry Point to the New 'Open' World of Banking
If you want to get a glimpse into the future of banking, consider a simple acronym: API.
An API, or application programming interface, is a technology protocol that allows diverse software components to communicate. More to the point, it allows even non-geeks to develop applications that make use of whatever software components a given API taps into.
APIs have been around for a long time, but now we're well into an era in which great technology doesn't only come from innovative startups in Silicon Valley. There's a huge community of empowered users who look at technology not as an end in itself but as a means to get the job done. For them, an API is the mother lode. They're not just using new applications, they're creating them.
Why should that be important to bankers? Because it's important to banking customers. No two people have the exact same needs and interests. Everyone is unique. APIs enable a mass world to be customized for the individual, complete with all of a person's favorite applications and the ability to feed his or her data into those applications as he or she chooses. People today are already used to that type of experience. Just pick up your smartphone and compare it to a friend's. Bet you don't have the exact same content or applications. And if an app doesn't meet your needs, you simply delete it, right?
[Read: How to Create a Superior Tablet Banking App]
That's a tough and expensive mandate for a sole financial institution or technology provider to accommodate, but the greater flexibility provided by API technologies means you can... and at speed. The time to market for incorporating the next killer "app" can be weeks versus months and years. And the best part is your financial institution or vendor didn't even have to invent the app your customer wants.
But before financial institutions can deliver such an experience, bankers have to get used to, or rather embrace, another concept: open technology and open platforms. A well-crafted API strategy is dependent both on more open infrastructures and data feeds to enable the development of new applications, while being done in a safe and secure environment. That can be a highly sensitive issue in the world of financial services.
No one is calling for the Wild West here -- we all know the regulatory requirements and customer expectations governing our industry; privacy and security are top priorities to retain customer trust, and uncontrolled data and platform access can undo all kinds of competitive advantages. But the ability to open platforms to API development is a perfect illustration of how the world and how we need to compete in it has changed. It's a critical imperative to make data and platforms more open than ever before.
Innovation in our field is now driven by the ease with which vast amounts of data can be accessed, collated and packaged. This freedom, which comes with new expectations for privacy and security, takes developers and users alike many steps forward in harnessing new capabilities, and that, in turn, benefits banks.
A few years ago killer apps were a big deal. Sure, every technology invariably got better-faster-cheaper, but the killer app was something else altogether. Enhancements and upgrades made the existing room bigger; killer apps opened new doors, even built new houses. For example, the first spreadsheet helped transform the PC from a fun toy into a critical business tool, while some video games, by requiring more power from existing hardware, made them more capable of handling high-bandwidth business applications.
Today, with mobile devices becoming ever more important and new applications emerging from a broad base of sophisticated users far beyond the development community, the environment is even riper for such advances. We might not see only one killer app, but many. Moving forward, financial institutions can make the customer experience more relevant to each user by including their own favorite apps in the solutions they offer.
In fact, let's go even further. We need to do more than just open up our data to speed the development of new apps and make them look and feel unified for the user -- we have to make services available to help the innovators out there actually power those apps.
So let's be clear: We have to let customers share their data with the solutions they choose, welcome non-developers into the technology mix, and become service providers to those using our resources to create their own apps?
Exactly. It's a whole new world out there, and playing by a completely new set of rules is the only way to survive and thrive. Anyone else will get left behind.
CeCe Morken is senior vice president and general manager, Intuit Financial Services.