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Thursday, November 15, 2012
Crisis ahead
I just read an intriguing report of a symposium on "The Debt Crisis in the Legal Profession." Here are some notable excerpts:
"[A] time of true crisis in the legal profession may be just ahead. Data . . . indicate that law graduates are defaulting on their educational debts in disproportionately high numbers, and, according to the responses generated by financial aid and admission professionals during the Symposium, the debt/default phenomenon could have a dire outcome unless the entire legal community comes together in an effort to resolve it."
"[Data show that many graduates are leaving school with law school debt that exceeds the median starting salary for new lawyers] and will be faced with the possibility of allocating nearly 20 percent of [their] net monthly income to debt repayment."
"[Even higher debt loads] are relatively common among today's law graduates, yet, at the same time, NALP's data show that the prevalence of full-time legal and private practice jobs has been in sharp decline over the past four to five years, and compensation for entry-level attorneys has remained relatively flat . . . ."
"The evidence offered by the Symposium participants suggests that educational debt has a tremendous impact on graduates. At the least, it appears that debt dictates the types of jobs new lawyers can consider after graduation, assuming their desire to sustain good credit and repay their loans."
"Given the constrained legal job market, debt simply adds to the incredible stress and anxiety law students experience--particularly when these new would-be professionals realize the true implications of the job-salary-debt equation. Moreover, debt has an insidious way of precipitating frustration and anger in graduates--who may focus their emotions on themselves, their law school, or the profession in general. . . ."
"Within the law school community, there are voices suggesting that employers can help solve the debt/default problem by simply increasing entry-level salaries. Symposium attendees agreed that such a short-sighted solution would likely have only one long-term effect--further exacerbation of an already tight job market as 'fewer hires get paid slightly more.'"
". . . There was strong agreement among all Symposium participants that the pressure is now on law schools to take action to ameliorate the crisis. Possible responses include: increase the consumer information provided to pre-law and entering students; limit or decrease class sizes; increase the intensity of entrance counseling regarding debt; funnel additional resources into loan repayment and loan forgiveness programs; increase the amount and availability of grants and scholarships; and stop the escalation of tuition costs."
"The dichotomous data on the profession was disturbing to Symposium participants. When they recounted the facts--full-time legal and private practice jobs have been in steady decline, salaries have plateaued, graduate numbers are at the highest level . . . , and default rates of attorneys are the highest among all professional groups--they agreed that this may well be the early stages of a crisis of considerable proportion."
"Additionally, participants noted the impact of these events on the media and public, who cynically allege that 'there are too many lawyers,' espouse distrust of the profession, pose the possibility that a significant number of attorneys may be underemployed, and report that a large cadre of law school alums are disenfranchised from the profession and from their law schools. . . ."
"NALP employer members suggest that law graduates who can 'hit the ground running' are and will continue to be in great demand. Therefore, NALP and its members can continue the effort to support the development of 'gapless curricula' which will help provide graduates with essential skills and knowledge that will allow them to compete with laterals and technological innovations that have constrained the entry-level market. . . ."
"The concluding remarks of the Symposium revealed that the debt crisis cannot be averted: it is already upon the profession. However, there was agreement that it can be ameliorated somewhat if all stakeholders, including students, law school deans and faculty, lenders, admission and financial aid professionals, legal employers, and law-related or affiliated organizations work together toward solutions."
This symposium occurred in October 1995. You can read the report here.
78 comments:
- AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 6:06 PM
OT: Would it be possible to have a post on how much harder C and F is for lawyers versus other professions and how that limits access to work? For example, MDs/DOs don't have their credit scrutinized thoroughly just to get a license to prescribe controlled substances. Yet, we are seeing JDs being held up or outright denied for poor finances.
ReplyDeleteReplies- AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 6:13 PM
"For example, MDs/DOs don't have their credit scrutinized thoroughly just to get a license to prescribe controlled substances."
Depends on the state. Sometimes yes, sometimes no.
- AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 6:20 PM
And what good they had it in 1995. I graduated 5 years later and felt very fortunate to get a job. Now I say fuck em all--the students, the debtors, the schools, and the government for extending infinite loans. The other day I got a message from my school about how USNWR takes into account the percentage of alumni that contribute in devising its rankings. Fuck them too.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 6:32 PM
Lawprof: this is off topic but it seems the school called Southwestern charges part time students who transfer into the full time program for 4 years of tuition, even though it only takes 3.5 years. You have to pay for a whole semester when you take no classes.
http://www.top-law-schools.com/forums/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=198220 - AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 6:39 PM
The law schools have no incentive to control costs. Nothing changes if they are not forced by the government to control costs.
The law schools have no incentive to reduce enrollment. Enrollment will not decline in any material way if the government does not force the law schools to reduce enrollment, either directly or indirectly by cutting off the funding spigot.
When I called my alma mater, Columbia Law School, a year or so ago to complain about the shocking excessive number of 90 transfer students they had accepting in a recent year, guess who answered the phone? The CHIEF OF STAFF TO THE DEAN. Who ever heard of having a Chief of Staff the Dean? The Dean is now the President of a major organization that needs to beef up on administrative staff? What gives here?
She told me her husband is a partner at a major law firm, so I surmised that she too might be a lawyer. I also surmised she might be highly paid.
Guess what the CHIEF OF STAFF TO THE DEAN told me? "Do you have ten million dollars?" That is the shortfall Columbia Law School needs to make up every year. "That is why we need to take 90 transfers."
For God sakes, many people in my Columbia Law class are not working. They were long ago replaced by younger lawyers as part of the "up or out" system. Many of my classmates cannot get a legal job of any type in the private sector that pays what a New York City school teacher of similar years of experience pays despite their strong academic records.
However, Columbia needs to pump out 450 or so JDs each year to meet their totally bloated expenses. In 2012, Columbia granted degrees to 700 JD and LLM students.
700 law degrees from Columbia alone? There is no need for all of these lawyers. To the extent they get jobs, they push more experienced Columbia JDs out of those jobs. There are not enough legal jobs for all of those JDs.
Even if Columbia Law grad get BigLaw jobs, these jobs are mostly short-lived. In house jobs are in short supply and often relatively unstable. In house jobs cannot be counted on to last for a career and usually do not last for a career. After a few years in BigLaw, a good portion of these Columbia lawyers will not be able to earn enough money to justify the high cost of attending Columbia Law.
Pump and dump.Replies- AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 12:54 AM
something doesnt add up....
"When I called my alma mater, Columbia Law School, a year or so ago to complain about the shocking excessive number of 90 transfer students they had accepting in a recent year, guess who answered the phone?"
"For God sakes, many people in my Columbia Law class are not working. They were long ago replaced by younger lawyers as part of the "up or out" system."
why are u calling to complain about the transfer students AFTER you graduated? - AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 7:53 AM
Guy may just be upset at what his alma mater is doing, it can add up.
Talk about myopic... - AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 11:42 AM
12:54 To answer your question, Columbia's taking 90 transfers is a fraud not only on the people who were admitted to that class as a 0L. It is a fraud on my Columbia Law classmates because we went through a much smaller and more selective school. When the school starts taking 90 transfers who had lower academic standing before they started, it is devaluing the Columbia Law degree. It is not that hard to get a Columbia Law degree now. With the transfer game in place, Columbia Law degrees are a dime a dozen in New York. They will not give you an edge in the job market because employers know now that Columbia Law is not necessarily that selective. A Columbia Law degree is caveat emptor for the employer.
The other BIG PROBLEM is that Columbia lawyers in New York particularly age out of their jobs - FAST The new classes of graduates take those jobs. If you are a Columbia grad seeking employment and there are simply hundreds of other Columbia grads on the market, it decreases your chances of working.
There is a big element of Columbia Law competing with lower ranked schools in New York. Many lower ranked school grads are haves and Columbia grads have nots.
In this impossible job environment for lawyers, having Columbia Law pack the class with less qualified transfers and having huge numbers of grads pouring out of the school, is incredibly galling for those of us who are part of Columbia Law School classes where substantial numbers of people have NO EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR. We are talking about economic survival here, and Columbia Law's packing its classes with transfers decreases my classmates' chances of survival. - AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 8:24 PM
My God you sound so much like i imagine some of my former CLS classmates would sound on an anonymous message board. That is, pathetic. Columbia is indeed a dirty institution in many ways, but you are perhaps worse: an entitled middle-aged bald man howling @ the moon because not every one of your lazy pals from law school is a millionaire. I fully acknowledge the possibility that I may be pushed out of my job in a couple of years; at least I got it and have the opportunity to pay off my debt. That's more than many deserving law grads can say...
Delete - AnonymousNovember 17, 2012 at 12:06 PM
8:24 We are not talking about people not being millionaires. We are talking about a degree that does not enable a substantial percentage of the law school class to find any type of legal work in the private sector after several years. We are talking about many experienced Columbia grads, year after year, who cannot find legal jobs. We are also talking about a law school that claims placement rates well over 90% and that Law School Transparency rates at 93% in placement for first years.
Problem is that these placement numbers do not stick long-term. That is a very significant factor for people entering this profession and people who are in the profession but may have other employment options to know.
If the placement rate is 70% 20 years out and drops to 45% by 30 years, the law school is selling a degree that does not offer a meaningful career to a majority of its graduates. A career is optimally 40 years long.
You can poo poo this and talk about middle aged bald men howling or say that no law school guarantees a future.
Problem is that on the whole, statistically, a Columbia Law degree may not be a degree offering a career for the majority of the class. The average career may last say 27 years, when people need to work 40 years to retire. We need more numbers to be sure of how long these careers last on average.
The length of the career available to Columbia Law School graduates is very significant to anyone who is considering paying $250,000 or more for this degree.
If other careers offer a much better chance at a 40-year career and even Columbia, with top placement rates offers 27 years on average, that suggests that even fewer people than are placed first year in jobs should be going to law school. It suggests that there is huge oversupply of top law school grads with good experience who are surplus labor in the legal profession after several years of work.
As a prior commenter in this thread said, you must be myopic. - AnonymousNovember 18, 2012 at 8:06 AM
"but you are perhaps worse: an entitled middle-aged bald man howling @ the moon..."
Leiter? - AnonymousNovember 18, 2012 at 5:50 PM
I am howling at a law school that has dramatically hurt both its students and alumni by jacking up costs sky high, bloating enrollment and flooding the market with its grads. I am also howling because top schools like Columbia are not required to disclose ongoing placement information for more experienced grads. Right now, from what I see, Columbia Law School grads, at least many that I know, and grads of similar top schools, are stuck with fractions of a career. A big part of the problem is their flooding the marketplace with new lawyers. A second part of the problem is not acknowledging the huge supply demand imbalance in the job market for experienced graduates of top law schools. The experienced job market needs to be addressed and needs to be fixed, just as the entry level job situation needs to be fixed. However, the experienced job market is right now in the same position that the first year market for lawyers was a few years ago. It is the person's own fault, there is something wrong with them if they are not successfully gainfully employed. In fact, there are probably 166 lawyers for every 100 legal jobs in the experienced job market, based on ABA statistics, and there you have the problem.
Delete - AnonymousNovember 18, 2012 at 6:24 PM
I am looking at Leiter's post about there being no employment crisis and criticizing DJM. He is out in left field. Even from Chicago, the first year employment statistics reveal too many have nots. Move on to the experienced statistics for Chicago, and it will be apparent that many grads have suffered a bloodbath. Leiter wants to keep his head in the sand. If he really believes there is no employment crisis in the legal profession, why doesn't he call for a survey of the experienced grads of the T14 schools to prove it?
- AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 6:49 PM
Gee, I'm glad they recognized this looming crisis in 1995 and took action to avert it .... oh wait ...
ReplyDelete - Probably not PosnerNovember 15, 2012 at 6:51 PM
Most of the attention on this site is understandably focused on the students who don't get jobs. But I wonder what the impacts of these debt levels are on even the people who do get jobs and might not even have debt. Do employment conditions, for example, deteriorate if most people are not financially capable of leaving a job?
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 7:10 PM
Although its largely forgotten now, there was a bad legal recession in he early 1990's. As a 1993 grad, I experienced it first hand. Then the tech-boom came along and things got better (although it was never as good as some imagine). Looking back at those days, law schools should have taken it as a warning and exercised caution. But they didn't. They cranked it up to 11 - more law schools, bigger classes, higher tuition etc ... Now we are back to where we were then, only its ten times worse.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 7:27 PM
Out of this crisis arose an oily warrior destined to save the priviliged lives of ivory tower louts and bloated pasty faced administrators. The man. The myth. The amg driving Valvoline Dean!
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 7:33 PM
To answer the commenter at 6:51, people generally do not leave BigLaw voluntarily without jobs. A few people retire, but not a lot.
There are so few post-BigLaw jobs to go to today that there is a traffic jam at BigLaw of associates who are stranded. There are hundreds of applicants for each ongoing job that will employ those lawyers who are thrust out of BigLaw. Managers of in house lawyers are wise to the fact that lawyers with great records coming out of BigLaw are a dime a dozen. These lawyers can be and are squished like ants for the manager's jollies. There is an unlimited supply of replacements from where these ants came from.
So the long and short of it is that for many law grads - do not count on a career working as a lawyer after BigLaw. Even if you get a job, you may be driving for three hours a day or living in a different city from your family in order to work. See how long that lasts before you collapse from fatigue.
Do not count on being anything but a solo after age 45. Do not count on any job lasting long-term. Save money for eventual and inevitable unemployment.
The pressure is on. The effect of much too many lawyers and much too many short-term jobs that only lawyers who are a few years out of law school meet the qualifications for (clerkships, associate positions, temporary government jobs) is a traffic jam. At the other end, if anyone gets a legal job with good pay and a good working environment that is actually stable (these jobs are the minority today), count on them to stay until old old age. - AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 7:51 PM
Meow Meow asks: Isn't it ironic that for so many who pursue a law degree, or higher education in general, only to improve themselves discover the exact opposite occurs directly because of it?
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 8:27 PM
These law schools are like that old Lucy bit where she is wrapping the candies and they keep speeding up the assembly line until the candies are hiding in her hat and falling on the floor....only lawyers are the candies.
ReplyDelete @7:33 PM
"Do not count on being anything but a solo after age 45. Do not count on any job lasting long term."
You are totally correct. The prospects for secure long term employment as a lawyer are non existent. Your comment should be included with every application packet received by any law student, and pasted on every bulletin board in every law school.
I wish I understood all this when I first applied to law school. If I could hit the reset button I would not have gone to law school, but at least I have a low student loan payment (<200 bucks per month) and no spouse/kids to support so I guess it could be a lot worse.- AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 8:57 PM
"This symposium occurred in October 1995."
You are a Goddess.
One can only bow down before your greatness.
Awesome. Simply awesome. - AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 10:24 PM
Seems we have been found by the spam-bots. Re: DJM's post, all I can say is thankfully they recognized this back in '95, just imagine what things would be like if tuition and class size had continued to its upward spiral.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 10:52 PM
Wow, get a load of this d-bag over at The Faculty Lounge:
James Grimmelmann (professor at New York Law School, USNWR ranking: #135; LST employment score: 35%; Cost: $47,800)
"I don't think about the "supply" of legal jobs. I think about the demand for legal services."
Well, the demand for the legal services of New York Law School grads appears to top out at around 35% of the current crop of students, a slightly worse than 1 in 3 chance that any of them will actually get to be lawyers.
"Flood the market with highly skilled graduates and we'd expect the number of employed lawyers to rise but their salaries to drop."
So the expectation is that flooding the market will drop salaries, yet your school charges $47,800/year?
Link: (http://www.thefacultylounge.org/2012/11/what-matters-most-in-legal-ed-these-days.html#comments) - AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 11:34 PM
And so it goes...
http://www.dailycamera.com/cu-news/ci_22006984/cu-regents-approve-law-school-loan-repayment-assistance - AnonymousNovember 15, 2012 at 11:48 PM
Sounds like too little, too late:
"We want a long-term, endowed, sustainable program," she said. "When we reach our $10 million goal, we will be able to fund 12 graduates from each graduating class with $6,500 a year for five years in a row."
So for 5 years, the school is going to give you a whopping $550 a month. That will certainly take the sting out of those $2,200/month payments (per LST site estimate) you will be making on your paltry PI salary. Of course, your loans won't actually be forgiven until you are ten years out, so I guess you are on your own for those last 5 yeas. For anyone wanting to help develop a law school death watch list try suggest visiting that always handy resource, Wikipedia, where there is a hyperlinked list of law schools in the United States, by State, as well as proposed new schools (3 extra in New York, whoa!)
In many states what is shocking is how many schools there are(e.g., FL CA.)
Rather than having multiple lists for a state, if you have changes copy earlier posts and put in your changes – and then post the changes too.
Here are some general criteria from my original quick and dirty list. If you can think of more suggest them, or assail any of mine you think is wrong.
With your assessment set out the criteria noting which ones are school-specific and which are general. Please, make it sensible and clean – not "shithole" references, no ranting.
A few general criteria:
"turkey's voting for thanksgiving/christmas": stand alone law schools will usually close later unless they are "for profit" because the Dean and faculty would be voting for unemployment. Schools that are part of bigger schools are more vulnerable because the host institution can usually make the decision. But see
size own endowment; cash-in-hand, cash-flow.
value realized in closing: - can a parent school realize value by repurposing or selling facilities - so is the law school on or contiguous to a campus or the main campus? or is it in a nice downtown building? or is it in the middle of nowhere?
cash-flow, cash-in-hand look at the schools accounts (they will be available somewhere.) How much cash does the school have in hand at the end of each financial year. Most las schools have positive cash-flows twice a year, when the tuition is paid and go cash-flow negative after. If the school is borrowing in last summer and in say December, that indicates that there is a growing problem, tuition is not covering the bills.
size own endowment: - the school will blow through its endowment before closing, but look at the form of the endowment. Sometimes it is in non-liquid assets, say shares that are held in a trust instrument that means the donor gets to vote them and they cannot be sold – the school gets the usufruct, or property with rent rolls.
large 2012 tuition hikes: in the current environment a sign of financial desperation.
low reputation and low ranking
lower ranking than parent school: (does it lower the larger school's prestige)
for profit school: (if the trend is to be short-medium term loss making investors will "pull the plug")
controversy: (see e.g., Tuoro)
recency: it has not been around long enough to build up wealth alumni and powerful friends
low ranking private: - especially with higher ranking schools in same metro - remember this is not just competition, it is about how a school closes. Another school in the same metro gives somewhere to transfer rising 2Ls and 3Ls.
public in state with multiple public law schools and low ranking this is a big one. In a state with multiple schools an easy solution is to close one or two and take the rising 2L and 3L and have them transfer to the retained state school.
"rats abandoning ship:" have a number of high profile professors jumped to other more stable schools recently - and for academics reading this - are you getting those vague "would there be an opening at your school" calls, conversations and e-mails (or even hints) from faculty at that school. This is usually sign that a law firm is collapsing, partners start calling around, I expect professors will be do the same.
And finally – suggest how long you think the school has and why- AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 6:12 AM
I'm afraid the "scam deniers" will use this post as evidence that the challenges currently facing the legal profession are temporary - just as they were in 1995. The conditions reflected in the report ameliorated significantly in the boom of the late 90s. The challenge is to show that "this time it's different." The duration of the recent downturn isn't sufficient. (The protracted nature of the recovery from the financial crisis is no surprise to anyone, but no one believes it will last forever.) The key to me is the debt issue. Debt is the public element that has traction -- more so than unemployed lawyers, which, while devastating to many lawyers, does not elicit much sympathy. The message needs to be -- just as the federal debt is unsustainable, so is educational debt, and particularly law school debt. And the consequences are both personal (indentured servitude) and political (huge numbers of people unable to repay loans that are guaranteed by the federal government.)
I know the debt issue has been a major focus of this blog. But there are numerous other threads that I think blur the focus. Yes-- there are not enough jobs. Yes-- law school should be two years. Yes -- there should be more practical training. Yes -- the law schools should provide more accurate data. But the broader population doesn't care about these things. They will care when this becomes a human story -- of people suffering under crushing debt that they cannot ever repay. And they care when it becomes a moral issue -- of government subsidizing the misery .RepliesThere are many reasons why this won't be like 1995.
For one, that recession was much shorter, and its impact on the legal marketplace was felt only for two or three years before returning to pre-recession levels. We just passed the fourth year of decline with the class of 2011, and nothing about the class of 2012 that we know suggests it will be much changed for them.
For another, we know a lot more about the character of post-graduation employment than we did before. We know that even the embarrassingly low percentage of 55% full-time/JD-required employment is padded with document review jobs that do not lead to stable positions with the firms offering those jobs, and with schools offering subsistence payments to JDs providing pro bono legal services up to 12 months after graduation. NALP's breakout goes deeper now than it did in 1995, and the results do not flatter law schools.
Third, law school tuition has doubled or tripled on average since 1995. BigLaw may have kept pace, but the salaries of the non-BigLaw folks have not, if only because the average household income in America has remained essentially flat for 20 years. There are fewer things that you can do as alternatives to a law career that allow you to enjoy a middle-class lifestyle and pay your debts, although I imagine that JDs will flood government jobs of all kinds in order to capitalize on the 10-year forgiveness aspect of IBR.
Lastly and perhaps most importantly, the Internet is part of the American public consciousness today in a way that it wasn't then. With so many voices online telling prospective students not to go, or not to accept stipulations on scholarships if they do, or to take the lowest-cost non-HYS school they can find, it will be hard for law schools to maintain the sucker margin they need to continue operations as they presently are. Absent an improbable recovery of the legal services market, the only way that law school incomes can go is down.
@11:21 PM--yes still employed--small firm and I work for/with some great people--but the array of options and the job security that many 0L's imagine are there just aren't.
ReplyDeleteReplies- AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 12:23 PM
11:21 PM here. Thanks much for the reply. I worry about job stability too. I mean, I've seen many former colleagues in the age 45-55 range get caught in a "reduction" and take a long, long time to get a new job (if they did). I'm not any "specialer" than they are, so if I got dumped tomorrow I have no clue where I'd land...
So, next question - if you hadn't gone to the COL, what would you have done instead?
Not sure I know the answer to that one for myself...
- AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 7:38 AM
People dont want to get it, municipal union jobs are the key:
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mobileweb/2012/09/16/chicago-teachers-strike_n_1888804.html (for those of you that think you cant or dont want to do manual labor)
I know what people are going to say: its hard to get those jobs to. I contend that for people that can get into LS and are in average physical condition, that is not the case (note that I believe the fireman's test asks you if you know the nature of a screwdriver, i.e. how do you use one). Even if thats the case though, better to try to get those type of jobs for 8 years (or four for the ones that a four year degree is required), than trying to win the LS lottery.
No one cares what happens to educated professionals generally, and lawyers especially. Both political parties get points for condemning people like that. However, at least one political party gets points for protecting municipal workers. So do the humble, smart and wise thing: forget about childhood fantasies about Law and Order like jobs and get a job with security and political protection.
We cant save the people who were scammed, its politically too beneficial for them to suffer. Law schools arent going to shut down, there are always going to be more than enough lemmings to fill the seats and feed the scam. We can save alot of smart and ambitious kids who have the humility to process the truth. We can show them the way to get solid, politically protected, and non-soul crushing employment in a manner that does not involve accumulating 300k of non-dischargeable debt. Even if they fail, the punishment will be less than that of going to LS.Replies- AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 2:09 PM
No more complaining about this shit anymore then. The facts are out there. You want prestigious office work, get it. If you win the 5% lottery, great. If not, stfu and accept.the consequences.
- AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 7:52 AM
1995, amazing. I expect the anti-scammers to be silent on this post.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 8:34 AM
The suggestions of the symposium were good however they discuss easing the financial burden going going to law school for future students. We need debt relief for the tens of thousands who graduated from law school and cannot obtain either legal or non legal work. Debt relief needs to come in the form of BK discharge for PRIVATE educational debt, as was the case prior to 2005. In addition, IBR needs to lower the repayment period and income level to around 5-10%
ReplyDeleteReplies- AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 10:10 AM
Ain't going to happen. Didn't happen for homeowners. Won't happen for students. "Moral hazard," as Obama says. Only the Big Banks get the bailouts. If you think there will ever be political sympathy for English majors who doubled down on student loan debt, you are dreaming.
Delete - AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 12:19 PM
Saying IBR needs to lower the repayment period and income level is ridiculous. You need to take some personal responsibility. the government is covering all of your government loan payments except 10% of your income, something you should be grateful for. Its entirely reasonable to expect you to contribute that to debt you incurred. If you tell me you can't afford it, I'd like to know if you have cable tv, a smartphone or other luxuries you could give up to repay the debt you chose to incur.
Delete - AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 1:57 PM
I second this. It's not even 10% of your income...it's 10% of AGI above the poverty line.
- AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 8:34 AM
Only then will we have a fair and equitable solution to the higher educational debt crisis
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 8:39 AM
W/ regards to MacK's list:
I would add a few other criteria, that are perhaps already covered in general on your list, but that perhaps need to be delineated specifically.
1) Likelihood of grads getting employed. (see Law School Transparency) Low employment numbers mean unhappy grads who will flood the Internet w/ negative messages about the school, which brings me to #2:
2) Numbers of unhappy grads who publicize negative messages about the school. This could be a part of 'reputation' but I think it deserves its own category because reputation could be derived from ranking. This, however, is different. If a school has a good ranking/reputation according to US News (and I don't think US News ratings are really reflective of the schools) but hundreds of grads are on the Internet complaining about their retail job, this will definitely impact the school's survival. I know that deans don't really believe this as of now, but I have a feeling that in the future, they will begin to see how unhappy grads negatively affect their business. - AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 9:35 AM
College Tuition and Fees have risen 1,120% since 1978. FIVE times the rate of inflation. - AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 10:14 AM
I now pay over 40% of my net income to student loans. Look how far we've come. Happy days!
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 11:22 AM
The last line gave me chills like in those movies where the call is coming from inside the house. It's just horrifying.
ReplyDelete - AnonymousNovember 16, 2012 at 12:16 PM
The same problems existied in 1985, as well.
Too many lawyers chasing too few jobs is not a new problem. It has been going on ofr a generation or more.RepliesAgreed.
Too many people (here and elsewhere on the internet) are buying into the latest lie the law schools are selling - that the crisis "really only started in 2008"
Too many law grads of the last 40 years have vanished from the profession (1 in 6 have dropped their licenses for chrissakes) for the market to have been "healthy" pre-2008.
The ABA (in an all-too-rare fit of useful work) says there are approximately 1.25 million currently licensed lawyers in the US -
The ABA also says that in the last 40 years (standard work life from 25 to 65), ABA accredited law schools have graduated approximately 1.5 million JDs -
Looking at the big picture -
1.5 million JD grads minus 1.25 million licensed equals *250,000* of the "disappeared".
17% of this degenerating "profession".
- AnonymousNovember 18, 2012 at 2:28 PM
'nuff said - AnonymousNovember 19, 2012 at 8:43 AM
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Class Central Tips
This course uses the lives, ideals and achievements of Theodore, Franklin, and Eleanor Roosevelt to create the idea of a Rooseveltian century. It is about doing research, analyzing primary sources, and connecting all this information with a coherent and logical interpretation. It is an invitation to think critically and historically, and it wants to give you a glimpse of what it means to be a historian at work.
We are convinced that the three Roosevelts – the 3Rs, as we will refer to them throughout this course – profoundly shaped the twentieth century. This course shows you why we think so and which paradigms, ideas, and sources we use to uphold our claim. But this course also asks you to give your opinion, and ground it on your own research findings.
The structure of the course is straightforward:
- An introductory module gives you the biographical information you need to connect the personal stories of the 3Rs with the major events of the twentieth century;
- Module 2 explains how the 3Rs reframed our thinking on security, broadening its meaning and reconfiguring the government's role in providing it;
- Module 3, focusing on equality, shows how the 3Rs changed the relationship between leaders and led, rejected laissez-faire economics, and supported a politics of intervention to overcome the inequalities that undermined social cohesion;
- Module 4 describes how the 3Rs promoted and protected the freedom of ordinary citizens, and communicated that as one of their central political goals;
- Module 5 summarizes the long-lasting legacies of the 3Rs, and asks for your opinion on the Rooseveltian century. Do you agree with this interpretation of our recent past – and our possible futures?
The five modules contain quizzes to test your knowledge and understanding, discussion prompts to stimulate your creativity, and research guidance and assignments to sharpen up your historical skills.
We hope you will enjoy this intellectual journey!

subset: commoncrawl


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With some of the heavier meals that I have been having recently I was looking for something lighter for breakfasts this week. When I am looking for lighter breakfasts, egg casseroles often some to mind and this time I was thinking of something more along the lines of a quiche. Broccoli is another one of my favorite green vegetables available during the winter and I had been wanting to use it in something so I decided that a broccoli quiche was the way to go. Of course the natural combo of broccoli and cheese came to mind and I was immediatly thinking about broccoli and cheddar soups and broccoli and cheddar gratins and why not a broccoli and cheddar quiche? Although I really enjoy nice and light and flaky all butter pastry crusts with my quiche, this time I decided to go with another really nice crust, a brown rice crust. The brown rice crust is essentially just some cooked brown rice along with some cheese and an egg for binders. The brown rice crust is bre-baked for a bit and then it gets a little crispy when it bakes with the filling in it and it holds together quite nicely. One of the things that I really like about breakfasts like quiches is that they keep well in the fridge and the leftovers just need a few minutes in the microwave and you have a warm and tasty breakfast suitable for a busy work day morning.
Note: I used a nice sharp and strong cheddar cheese in this recipe and if you are using a milder one you may want to double the amount that you use.
Broccoli and Cheddar Quiche with a Brown Rice Crust
- 2 cups cooked brown rice
- 1/4 cup cheddar cheese (finely grated)
- 1 egg
- 4 eggs
- 1 cup milk
- 2 cups broccoli (cut into bite sized pieces and blanched)
- 1 cup sharp cheddar cheese (grated)
- 4 green onions (sliced)
- 1 pinch nutmeg (optional)
- salt and pepper to taste
- Mix the rice, cheese and egg in a bowl.
- Press the rice mixture into a pie plate, about 1/4 inch thick.
- Bake in a preheated 450F/230C oven until the edges and bottom just start turning golden brown, about 5-7 minutes.
- Mix the eggs, milk, broccoli, cheese and green onions in a bowl and season with salt and pepper.
- Pour the egg mixture into the pie crust.
- Bake in a preheated 375F/190C oven until golden brown and set in the center, about 30-35 minutes.
Cheesy Broccoli Quinoa
Herbed Zucchini and Feta Quiche with a Brown Rice Crust
Asparagus, Morel and Ramp Quiche with Brown Rice Crust
Cheesy Broccoli Rice
Broccoli Gratin
Broccoli and Cheddar Soup
Cheesy Zucchini Quinoa
Asparagus, Baby Artichoke, Pesto and Goat Cheese Quiche with Quinoa Crust


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If you thought the dual-core Tegra 2 was impressive, wait until you get a load of the bombshell that Qualcomm, another top ARM processor maker, dropped at Mobile World Conference 2011.
I. I Want to go Fast
Qualcomm has announced its next generation Snapdragon architecture [press release]. The architecture finally drops the "Scorpion" core code-name held for two generations. The new cores are dubbed "Krait", a named derived from a genus of venomous snake species that reside in Southeast Asia.
They are built on a 28 nm process and Qualcomm claims it will be shipping single core chips clocked at 2.5 GHz. While you wrap your brain around what a near-desktop speed smart phone CPU might be like, get this -- the cores will be available in single, dual, and quad-core variants.
The chips will also get next generation Adreno GPUs. Currently Qualcomm is preparing to roll out chips powered by the Adreno 220, which will be starting to flood the market this year replacing the Adreno 205. The hardware maker promises "console-like" graphics, at least on the highest end models.
The entire package is expected to bump performance in excess of 150 percent, while cutting power consumption by 65 percent.
The chips will also have some slick connectivity options. They will have an onboard LTE modem, which Qualcomm claims will be an industry first. For those unfamiliar, LTE is the 4G wireless communications technology embraced by many carriers worldwide, including America's two largest carriers, Verizon and AT&T.
The new Snapdragons also include support for Wi-Fi, GPS, Bluetooth and FM. And they support stereoscopic 3D (S3D) video and picture taking. They also support near field communication (NFC). For those unfamiliar with NFC, it's a super-short range communications mode that operates between a device and a reader within 4 cm of it. Using NFC, cell phones can act as electronic boarding passes or credit cards, being swiped across the detector device.
II. The Product
The single-core design's product name is MSM8930. Despite the high clock speed (2.5 GHz), it is clearly targeted at the smart phone arena. It features a new Adreno 305 GPU that is 6 times more powerful than the Adreno 130, or roughly 50 percent faster than current generation chips.
Next up is an asynchronous dual-core chip, the MSM8960. It features a snazzier Adreno 225 GPU, which offers eight times the Adreno 130's baseline performance. It will also support dual-channel LP DDR memory. This will finally offer some justification bandwidth-wise for bumping the memory footprint on smart phones up to 1 GB or higher. Speaking of which, that's the primary market for the MSM8690 -- smart phones -- though it may show up in tablets as well.
The real powerhouse of the series is the APQ8064. It is Qualcomm's first quad-core ARM Snapdragon chip. It will pack four GPU cores in a configuration dubbed the Adreno 320, which offers 16 times the performance of the Adreno 130. It's primarily targeted at "large-screen devices" like tablets or laptops. It reportedly will feature 15 times the performance of the original Adreno 130. Qualcomm describes the chip's performance as "similar graphics performance to today's latest game consoles."
The APQ8064 will feature support for both PC and LP DDR memory, serial and PCIe interfaces, and multiple USB ports.
III. The Release
Samples of the new MSM8930 chip will begin sampling in Q2 2011 (in a couple months). It could ship in devices before the year's end. The dual- and quad-core MSM8960 and APQ8064 won't be sampled until early 2012.
By then expect Samsung, NVIDIA, and Texas Instruments to be cooking up new dual- and quad-core designs, so you can think of this announcement more of a taste of what's to come, across the board. But a sweet taste it is.


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It wasn't an easy number to find. Earlier this week the International Scientific Committee for Tuna and Tuna-like Species in the North Pacific Ocean—seriously, that's the name—released the latest assessment (PDF) of the Pacific bluefin tuna population. The bluefin tuna is the tiger of the sea—in more ways than one. It's a top of the food chain predator that can grow to over 1,000 lbs. and swim at speeds above 50 mph. In captivity—you can see them at the great Monterey Bay Aquarium in northern California—they shimmer like sports cars. Unfortunately for the tuna, they also happen to be delicious—the flesh of the bluefin tuna is prized by sushi chefs in the high-end restaurants of Japan. Just last week, a 489-lb. bluefin was sold at a fish auction in Tokyo for a record $1.76 million—or about $3,600 per pound.
So it's not surprising that the Pacific bluefin tuna—as well as its cousins in the Atlantic—are the subject of single-minded hunts by fishermen wherever they are found. But it's always been difficult to determine just how rapidly the bluefin is being fished out—in part, possibly, because countries like Japan that do most of the fishing and most of the consumption of bluefin don't really want those numbers made public. It's a strategy that should be familiar from a lot of environmental policy battles.
But back to that scientific report. Buried deep in the highly technical language of the Pacific Bluefin Tuna Stock Assessment is a number: 0.036. That's the depletion ratio for one of the computer simulation runs done that tries to model the effect of fishing on the bluefin tuna population. By itself, 0.036 doesn't seem to mean much—unless you do some more math. In the simulations, the number 1 represents the estimated population of the bluefin tuna before we started fishing. 0.036 is what's left now. Convert that to a percentage, and you get 96.4%. Which means that by the best guesses of scientists, the Pacific bluefin tuna population has declined by 96.4% since we began fishing it decades ago. 96.4%. No wonder that bluefin sold in Tokyo was so valuable. There may not be many fish left in the sea.
I should point out that I didn't actually do the math on this one myself. That's well beyond my English degree. Instead I called up Amanda Nickson, who directs global tuna conservation at the Pew Environment Group, who helped me put the numbers in perspective. She pointed out the even the most optimistic model in the report estimated that the bluefin population had fallen by 94%, and the most pessimistic put the figure at 97.9%. Even worse, as Nickson told me, "at least 90% of the fish being caught have not yet reached reproductive age, which obviously undermines their ability to reproduce." So not only are we decimating the population of the bluefin, but we're not even giving them the chance to rebuild their numbers.
Pew's recommendation, echoed by many other environmental groups and scientists, is that the Pacific bluefin tuna fishery should be suspended, at least until there's more effective management that might prevent overfishing. "There are no sustainable catch limits," says Nickson. "The countries involved have been doing this for decades despite the science telling them that they shouldn't." There has been some progress in recent years. While there is virtually no management in the fisheries of the western Pacific, last June there were limits adopted for the first time for bluefin tuna fishing in the eastern Pacific. Those conservation measures actually caused the fishery to close early in August when the limits were exceeded. It's a start, at the very least—and it should also include a pledge by diners to eschew bluefin tuna just as they would any other endangered species. But if we don't do much more, one of the most majestic fish in the sea may disappear for good.


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Join the Younique Team
Younique is a direct sales beauty company with more than 1 million Younique Presenters operating various international markets. Younique started in 2012 and is one of the fastest-growing direct sales companies in the world.
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Younique is a very mission-driven organization. Our mission is to uplift, empower, validate and ultimately build self-esteem in women around the world. We accomplish this by producing high-quality cosmetic products that encourage both inner and outer beauty and by providing our Presenters with opportunities for spiritual enlightenment and personal growth through building a business. Our company and its founders built Younique to truly make a difference in the world. The company was founded to support Saprea, which helps bring healing to victims of childhood sexual abuse and raises awareness to prevent sexual abuse.
Younique provides amazing benefits, including:
- Medical and dental insurance
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- $50,000 life insurance policy
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Younique Wellness offers employees a fun and safe space, providing opportunities for physical and emotional development through reasonable and intelligent training techniques, positive feedback, and compassionate community support. With a full schedule of classes throughout the day, a mobile iOS/Android app for tracking progress, and a full locker room with steam rooms, our Wellness program offers everything an employee needs to live healthy!


text:
"Well, bugger my behind," said Dolores. "What's the topic, where's it at, and can we get a suite on the concierge floor with a view?"
"It's online," I said. "An online symposium about lace knitting."
"Oh," said Dolores.
"I'm sorry if you're disappointed," I said.
"No," she sighed. "It's just that I worry about your rock star lifestyle catching up with you."
The online, lace-oriented community Knitting Beyond the Hebrides is hosting a week-long online lace symposium. No need to register, no need to pay, no need to be frisked by a big, burly security guard named Lou. Just head over to their Web site and check out each day's "schedule."
While there will be no hospitality suite, no banquet, and no illicit whoopee in the coat check room, there will be a lot of articles, patterns, contests, and so forth. Skill levels from basic to advanced will, I am told, find something of interest.
Well, Since You Asked
I know perfectly well that I am the worst blogger in the universe when it comes to answering reader questions. I will try to be better about it, pinky swear.
My half-assed attempt at improvement begins today, which as it happens is the first day of the rest of my life. It's half-assed because I will be answering two comments I know I came in recently but which I now cannot locate.*
Commenter A wanted to know of some good basic books on Buddhism. I can recommend two that have been a big help:
Buddhism Plain and Simple by Steve HagenThe former makes good on the promise of the title: the basic ideas, without the outer trappings of the many sects.
Awakening the Buddha Within by Lama Surya Das
The latter is more inspirational, with a lot of thought-provoking takes on the dharma.
These have both been useful to me, with no prior background in the subject.
Commenter B is a new (or new-ish) guy knitter who wanted to know of good basic books and sources of instruction.
First of all, I am so excited for you. You will be assimilated. That is, I mean, uh, welcome.
I wrote an article about books to learn from for the first MenKnit online magazine, so I guess I'd start there if you really want my opinion. Online, where technique is concerned, try:
- The Knitting Curmudgeon's tips on lace knitting (see her sidebar)
- Go Knit in Your Hat is packed with practical advice on buying, choosing, and substituting yarn
- See Eunny Knit is full of good commonsense and remarkably clear explanations
- String or Nothing is a virtual encyclopedia of technique
I tried joining the fabled KnitList, just to see for myself if it deserves its reputation, but all three applications were rejected for reasons unexplained. Perhaps my reputation as a roughneck troublemaker preceded me.
"But I've never been to a symposium where nobody threw the hotel furniture out the window," Dolores whined.
"Get away from the coffee table," I said.
*I expect the comments are in a secret, central holding tank along with my spare keys; my copy of To the Lighthouse; my ability to digest potato chips; 73 gym locks; 4,000 pairs of socks and 286 stitch markers.


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5 Nights | CZM PLUS - WEST CAR
About Progreso, Mexico
You will visit the following 3 places:
San Miguel de Cozumel
Cozumel is an island in the Caribbean Sea off the eastern coast of Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula, opposite Playa del Carmen, and close to the Yucatán Channel. The island is covered with mangrove forest which has many endemic animal species. Cozumel is a flat island based on limestone, resulting in a karst topography. There are a number of visitors to the island's balnearios, scuba diving, and snorkeling. The main town on the island is San Miguel de Cozumel. The islands belongs to Cozumel Municipality of the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico.
New Orleans
New Orleans is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana. The New Orleans metropolitan area, (New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner) has a population of 1,235,650 as of 2009, the 46th largest in the USA. The New Orleans – Metairie – Bogalusa combined statistical area has a population of 1,360,436 as of 2000. The city/parish alone has a population of 343,829 as of 2010. The city is named after Philippe d' Orléans, Duke of Orléans, Regent of France, and is well known for its distinct French Creole architecture, as well as its cross cultural and multilingual heritage. New Orleans is also famous for its cuisine, music (particularly as the birthplace of jazz), and its annual celebrations and festivals, most notably Mardi Gras. The city is often referred to as the "most unique" city in America.
Progreso Municipality
Progreso is a port city in the Mexican state of Yucatán, located on the Gulf of Mexico in the north-west of the state some 30 minutes north of state capital Mérida (the biggest city on the Yucatán Peninsula) by highway. Progreso is one of the newest ports for large cruise ships and an emerging balneario resort destination. Passengers disembark on a very long pier, the Terminal Remota opened in 1989 that juts out 6.5 km (4.0 mi) into the Gulf of Mexico. Passengers are taken to shore to visit Progreso, Mérida or the Maya civilization archaeological sites of Uxmal and Dzibilchaltun. During the months of July and August the beaches fill with thousands of mostly local tourists, as it is traditional in these months for well-to-do residents of Mérida to leave the city and spend the summer in the cooler seaside environment.


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The Meccano Society of Scotland
Falling Weight Powered Vehicle
Menstrie Challenge 2004
General Rules
- The only source of motive power for the vehicle shall be a falling weight of not more than one pound (454g).
- The weight must be detachable for verification. Included in the material weighed must be the method of attachment (hook, etc.) used to attach the weight.
- The weight must remain on the vehicle throughout its complete journey.
- With two exceptions, all parts of the construction must be Meccano or Meccano replica parts and appear in the ISM Inclusive Parts List. The only two exceptions are the weight itself and the cord (if used).
- The overall height of the model is not to exceed 36 inches (914mm).
- The model must start spontaneously on being released.
- The winner will be the machine that travels the furthest distance in a straight line on a single fall of the weight.
- Each model shall be allowed three runs, the longest distance achieved being the one recorded for that model.
- Proxy entries will be accepted.
- The challenge will be decided at the May 22nd 2004 meeting.


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S5 010 Bosch Car Battery 12V 85Ah Type 110 S5010. Our courier may not be able to deliver above Glasgow/Edinburgh or to IOM/IOW/NI etc.
You must check against the battery currently fitted to your vehicle before ordering to ensure that this is the correct battery for your vehicle. Check dimensions, terminal type and polarity. We can't guarantee any fitment under any circumstances.We know that when your battery dies you're potentially left stranded and you need a battery to get you back on the road as quickly as possible. Because of this, we put all of our resources into getting you new battery out to you as quickly as humanly possible. In the vast majority of cases, yes it is! There are always going to be exceptions, such as a (very rare) stock shortage, a courier misroute (where the courier mistakenly sends a parcel to the wrong depot) or courier damages but these are the exceptions. But I live in the middle of nowhere..
You can always track your item to see where it is. Which couriers do you use? We use a selection of couriers. Our system takes customer feedback from customers local to you into account when selecting the appropriate courier to deliver to you. Where we've previously had problems in your local area with a particular courier we'll avoid using them again. You can send us a message by using the "Questions and answers" section towards the bottom of the page. The item "110 / 115 Heavy Duty Bosch Car Van Battery 12V 85Ah S5010 5 Year Warranty Ne" is in sale since Thursday, January 28, 2016. This item is in the category "Vehicle Parts & Accessories\Car Parts\Electrical Components\Car Batteries". The seller is "tayna-batteries" and is located in Abergele, UK.This item can be shipped to United Kingdom.


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Hiroki Kuroda (1-2, 3.59) vs. Joe Saunders (6-1, 2.48).
COMMENTS: The Angels own the Yankees. Do the Angels own Joe Torre? Ken Gurnick says the prognosis is grim:
[The Dodgers] were 5-10 in Interleague games last year and are 4-23 in road Interleague games over the past four years. They've lost their last five in Anaheim and eight of nine there.
However, Kuroda is coming off 6 2/3 innings of no-hit ball, and the Dodgers are coming off a rare three-homer game inning. The Dodgers' two-game winning streak—"A modest thing, but thine own," as Vin would say—gives them a modicum of momentum. The DH means there won't be an outfield controversy for the next three days. And really, that's all I can come up with because let's face it, Angel Stadium is a piranha tank and the Dodgers are a fatted calf. So here's a picture of WALL•E!
(Looking for a comparison of both teams? 6-4-2 has a thorough analysis.)