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Joon will also be launching flights to Mumbai (an Air France route being taken over by the subsidiary) in June, and ahead of this it will start services to Cape Town (from April 3), Tehran (April 5), Fortaleza (May 4), and Mahe (May 5).
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Joon is a new French airline and a subsidiary of Air France, based at Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris.
Aimed at the millennial traveller, the airline will commence routes from Paris CDG to:
Barcelona (51 weekly services),
Berlin (37 weekly flights),
Lisbon (28 weekly services)
and Porto (3 weekly flights) from 1st December 2017.
Fortaleza (Brazil)
Mahé (Seychelles)
26th March 2018
Joon to launch long-haul flights
Joon will also be launching flights to Mumbai (an Air France route being taken over by the subsidiary) in June, and ahead of this it will start services to Cape Town (from April 3), Tehran (April 5), Fortaleza (May 4), and Mahe (May 5).
1st December 2017
Air France launches Joon from Paris
Joon began operations with services to Barcelona, Berlin, Lisbon and Porto on December 1.
It will add seven destinations from Paris-CDG from March 25 – Rome, Naples, Oslo, Istanbul, Cairo, Cape Town and Tehran, with the cheapest flights available from €39 one way.
Flights to Mahe in the Seychelles and Fortaleza, Brazil, will follow in summer 2018.
Frequencies will vary – with services three times a week to Cape Town and Tehran from early April, daily to Cairo and Istanbul, twice daily to Naples, 18 times a week to Oslo, and an average seven flights a day to Rome.
Air France confirmed plans for Joon in July following an agreement with pilots of the parent group, allowing Joon's crew to be employed on different contracts to Air France staff.
It describes Joon as "a lifestyle brand", aimed at "a young working clientele whose lifestyles revolve around digital technology".
Air France insisted: "Joon will not be a low-cost airline. It will offer original products and services that reflect those of Air France."
However, Air France chief executive Franck Terner confirmed the aim is to cut costs, saying: "Joon's creation will improve the profitability of the Air France Group, enabling it to reduce costs."
Joon will operate six aircraft, a mix of Airbus A320s and A321s on shorter routes, and an A340 on long-haul – with economy and business seats on short-haul and a premium economy as well as business class on long-haul.
It promises long-haul passengers the latest touch-screen entertainment in flight and "gourmet" meals in business class.
Short-haul flights offer snacks and free streaming in economy and a meal in business.
30th November 2017
The Airline for Hipster-Millennials Takes Off This Week
Joon, the latest aviation brainchild of Air France-KLM Group designed for millennials, starts operation this week.
Joon is the group's second attempt at cutting costs: the first was dropped when it prompted a demonstration that saw 100 workers storm into a meeting of the airline's senior management and rip the shirts from the backs of executives.
Air France's new airline is called Joon, a play on "jeune" which is French for young. The glamorous picture painted by the airline, as reported by Bloomberg, depicts fashionable and technocratic attendants plating up in-vogue menu items like organic quinoa salad and baobab juice, as millennials scoot from Paris to Barcelona and Brazil at discount rates, while streaming documentaries in the sky.
What's not immediately visible from the ads is how far Air France has gone to cut costs without offending its pilots. The trouble that left management shirtless stemmed from an attempt to cut pilots' pay. By contrast, Bloomberg reports, pilots on Joon will earn as much as on the main Air France brand. It's the other cabin crew – at rates 40% below their Air France counterparts – who will take the strain.
"Air France needs to improve its cost performance relative to competitors in order to thrive in an environment that may not be as benign as the one we have today," said Andrew Lobbenberg, an aviation analyst at HSBC Holdings Plc in London, in a Bloomberg report. "That's what Joon is about."
What does the airline actually offer? Joon passengers can stream movies and shows on their iPhones, iPads or other smart devices, which not only caters to the 'always on' generation but saves Joon the cost of installing screens in seatbacks. To accommodate, seats will be fitted with USB ports for charging and from 2018, free Wi-Fi, says Bloomberg.
Other perks like checked luggage, programs from the Viceland and RedBullTV channels viewed via virtual-reality headsets, and the baobab juice, will come at an additional cost. Air France will initially lend Joon Airbus SE A320s which means business-class will be available, as will a premium-economy class on long-haul routes.
28th September 2017
Air France Launches New Airline Joon - Marketing to Millennials
When U.S. carriers try to appeal to Millennial customers and compete with the dread ULCCs (ultra-low cost carriers), they roll out Basic Economy fares. In Europe, it seems that for the majors to compete with the likes of Ryanair, Norwegian Airlines and WOW, they roll out whole new airlines.
That's been the strategy of British Airways, with their Level spinoff. Now Air France has targeted the fickle Millennial flyer as well, with Joon. The name was chosen to "illustrate a positive state of mind." A press release proclaims, "Joon is … a fashion brand, a rooftop bar, an entertainment channel, a personal assistant … and Joon does flying too!" Moreover, Joon "will be one of Air France's priorities in its offensive to win back market share."
Joon, to be based at Charles DeGaulle Airport in Paris, is set to begin flying this December. It will launch with short jaunts in Airbus A320s from France to Barcelona and Berlin, as well as Lisbon and Porto, Portugal. The first long-distance flights (on bigger A340s and A350s) are tentatively set for the Seychelles and the Brazilian beach city of Fortaleza.
Joon flight attendants will be as authentically Millennial as the passengers, in white sneakers, electric blue polo shirts and sweaters made of recycled fabrics. No word on whether the Joon "rooftop bar" will serve avocado toast to its Millennial customers.
Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport
HUB Airport
Charles de Gaulle Airport is France's larges airport and is the hub airport for Air France and XL Airways France. It has four runaways and can handle nearly 65 million passengers.
Other airlines which fly to and from Charles de Gaulle include Adria Airways, Aegean Airlines, Aer Lingus, Air China, Air Europa, TAM Airlines, Thai Airways, Tunisair, Turkish Airlines, Turkmenistan Airlines, United Airlines, Ukraine International Airlines and many others.
Book Flights with Joon
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Browse the most popular Joon flight routes to destinations within the French regions. Alternative Airlines can help you make reservations on Joon. Use the following list of routes to help you plan your next flight. Joon flights on Alternative Airlines to save big! Alternative Airlines is an online travel agency, specialising in booking lesser known airlines and remote destinations.
Alternative Airlines is an Online Travel Agency bonded by the International Air Transport Association (IATA). We specialise in finding the best available fares on the widest range of airlines and making them available to you online, with prices in the currency of your choice.
Alternative Airlines handles all your travel arrangements and payments, complete with ticketed confirmation. We do not direct you to other websites or service providers.
We help you through the process. This is what makes us Alternative Airlines.
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Join the Alternative Airlines Members Club and get £100.00 back on your 5th booking with Alternative Airlines. You will have insight to many benefits and exclusive deals on over 650 airlines. Click on the Members section on the Alternative Airlines website for more information and join today.
We are open every day from 8am until 8pm (UK local time).
You can pay for your flights with Joon in the currency and payment method of your choice when booking through Alternative Airlines.
We accept PayPal making flight purchases with Joon easy and more secure for customers. PayPal is one of the leading forms of online payment, with more than 169 million accounts worldwide.


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Preview — Deathblow Hill by Phoebe Atwood Taylor
Deathblow Hill (Asey Mayo Cape Cod Mystery #6)
Between two neighboring Cape Cod houses there is a chain link fence topped with barbed wire to signify the feud between the two halves of the Howes family. The disappearance of the fortune left by ancestor Bellamy Howes has divided Suzanne from her eccentric relative Simon. The fence has kept them apart, but now there are mysterious things happening at both homes--unexplai ...more
Paperback, 286 pages
Published March 1st 1993 by Countryman Press
(first published 1935)
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Dec 26, 2015 Susan rated it really liked it
Shelves: center-for-fiction, mystery-massachusetts
The two feuding branches of the Howes family sit side-by-side. Abby and her sleazy husband Silas are sure that her widowed sister-in-law is hiding the missing family money. Suzanne just wants to be left to raise her son. When summer boarder Tabitha Newell arrives with a tycoon's secretary in tow, followed by a mysterious man who carries a yellow silk scarf, Suzanne calls for Asey Mayo, general fix-it-man and skilled detective.
Mar 20, 2008 Nicole rated it liked it
Shelves: mystery
This is a real step up in plot. The first 4 where more formulaic this one has greater variety of action and character structure. All of them are well crafted but this one is the best since the first of the series, The Cape Cod Mystery.
Jul 09, 2014 Jennifer rated it it was ok
Shelves: mystery
A rather shaky outing in the Asey Mayo series. Too much of a focus on the 'lost treasure' and not enough on the crime and murder.
Sep 24, 2016 Denise M. marked it as to-read
Shelves: taylor-phoebe-atwood
AKA: Alice Tilton, Freeman Dana
14 followers
Taylor is an American mystery author. She is best known for her Asey Mayo series, based in Cape Cod. She additionally wrote and published under the pen names Alice Tilton and Freeman Dana.More about Phoebe Atwood Taylor
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Asey Mayo Cape Cod Mystery (1 - 10 of 24 books)
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Quick and Easy Overnight Oats Recipes - Meal Shakes with CHIA seeds -->…
Super Healthy Breakfast Recipes For Weight Loss healthy breakfast ideas healthy breakfast ideas for weight loss ideas on the go
How To Make Overnight Oats Vanilla Blueberry Overnight Oats Now Foods Crunchy Clusters Vegan Gluten Free Breakfast Healthy Recipes Oatmeal
Oats are well known as a healthy breakfast oatmeal recipes happy and what's more? OVERNIGHT FRUIT OATS You need 1 cup rolled oats, ¼ cup thin sliced apples, ¼ cup pomegranate seeds, ¼ cup orange.
8 Overnight Oats Recipes: Perfect for overnight guests during the holidays!
½ cup old fashioned rolled oats ½ cup milk 1 teaspoon chia seeds 2 teaspoons brown sugar (make sure it's fresh and soft) ⅛ teaspoon ground cinnamon 1 tablespoon peanut butter or almond butter ½ banana, sliced Additional brown sugar, for topping (optional)
Strawberry Banana Overnight Oats - this was delicious and nutritious! my new breakfast for work days now.
Twenty Healthy Overnight Oatmeal Recipe Combinations - these no-cook oatmeal in mason jars are a quick, healthy grab-and-go breakfast. Make a batch for the week and use any of these 20 recipe combinations. Nutrition facts included in this post.
What's difference about these hot cakes? Well, they are similar to American pancakes, but are a bit fluffier and have a little more sweetness. The eggs are beaten in a hand or stand mixer until foamy to create an extraordinary fluffy texture.
How to Make Strawberry Jam: Hot Damn, This is Good Jam I made a batch using this recipe. Total awesomeness in a jar!(How To Make Butter In A Jar)


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WO2012005889A1 - Downhole oil-water-solids separation - Google PatentsDownhole oil-water-solids separation
- Publication number
- Authority
- Grant status
- Application
- Patent type
- Prior art keywords
- water
- flow
- oil
- well
- passage
- Prior art date
- B67B7/00—Hand- or power-operated devices for opening closed containers
- B67B7/92—Hand- or power-operated devices for opening closed containers by breaking, e.g. for ampoules
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/38—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well in the well
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10T225/00—Severing by tearing or breaking
- Y10T225/30—Breaking or tearing apparatus
- Y10T225/371—Movable breaking tool
[0001] The present document is based on and claims priority to U.S. Provisional
Application Serial No.: 61/359,875, filed June 30, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein.
[0002] Oil well production can involve pumping a well fluid as part oil and part water, i.e. an oil/water mixture. As an oil well becomes depleted of oil, a greater percentage of water is present and subsequently produced to the surface. The "produced" water can sometimes account for more than 80% of total produced well fluid volume, thus creating significant operational issues. For example, the produced water may require treatment and/or reinjection into a subterranean reservoir to dispose of the water and to help maintain reservoir pressure. Treating and disposing of produced water can be expensive.
[0003] One way to address these issues is through employment of a downhole device to separate oil and water and to re-inject the separated water, thereby minimizing production of unwanted water to the surface. Reducing water produced to the surface can allow for a reduction of required power, a reduction of hydraulic losses, and a simplification of surface equipment. Furthermore, many of the costs associated with water treatment are reduced or eliminated.
[0004] However, successfully separating oil and water downhole and then reinjecting water is a relatively involved and sensitive process with many variables and factors that affect the efficiency and feasibility of such an operation. For example, the oil/water ratio can vary from well to well and can change significantly over the life of the well. The required injection pressure also can change over the life of the well. For example, the required injection pressure for the separated water tends to increase over time.
[0005] Additional issues arise when the well fluid includes solids, such as sand and other particulates which are sometimes mixed in with the well fluid. The solids tend to be heavier than the oil and separate out with the water. However, the presence of solids in the water stream can create complications downhole, such as clogging. In some applications, the solids separate from the reinjected water stream and tend to clog the reinjection locations. The ratio of solids in the well fluid/water also can change over time which creates greater difficulties in handling the solids downhole.
[0006] In general, aspects of downhole oil-water-solids separation provide a system and method for separating fluids and solids and for handling the separated solids downhole. The technique utilizes a separator system having a separator with a well fluid inlet, an oil stream outlet passage, a water stream outlet passage, and a solids outlet passage. The separator operates to separate well fluid into substantially oil, water, and solids components and those components are directed to the corresponding passages. A flow restrictor may be used in cooperation with the separator to facilitate separation of the well fluid components.
[0007] Certain embodiments of downhole oil-water-solids separation will hereafter be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote like elements, and: [0008] Figure 1 is a front elevation view of a well system utilizing an electric submersible pumping system in cooperation with a separator system, according to an embodiment;
[0009] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of one example of a separator system, according to an embodiment;
[0010] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the well system illustrating one example of a flow restrictor, according to an embodiment;
[0011] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to that of Figure 3 but showing the flow restrictor removed from the portion of the well system, according to
[0012] Figure 5 is a front elevation view of an alternate example of a well system combined with a separator system, according to an alternate embodiment;
[0013] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of one example of a redirector that can be used with a well system, according to embodiment;
[0014] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a redirector combined with a flow restrictor for use in the well system, according to an embodiment;
[0015] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a flow restrictor system that may be utilized with the well system, according to an embodiment;
[0016] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a flow restrictor system incorporating a sensor or sensors, according to embodiment; and [0017] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of another example of a separator system in which the well fluid is separated into three components which primarily comprise oil, water, and solids, respectively, according to an embodiment.
[0018] In the following description, numerous details are set forth to provide an understanding of the present invention. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these details and that numerous variations or modifications from the described embodiments may be possible.
[0019] In the specification and appended claims: the terms "up" and "down",
"upper" and "lower", "upwardly" and "downwardly", "upstream" and "downstream"; "above" and "below"; and other like terms indicating relative positions above or below a given point or element are used in this description to more clearly describe some embodiments of the invention. However, when applied to equipment and methods for use in wells that are deviated or horizontal, such terms may refer to a left to right, right to left, or other relationships as appropriate.
[0020] Embodiments described herein generally relate to artificial lift systems, e.g. artificial lift systems in connection with hydrocarbon wells. The embodiments comprise systems and methods for separating well fluid components, such as oil, water and solids. For example, an embodiment relates to downhole oil/water/solids separation and to managing back pressure to manipulate the well fluid component separation. One way of controlling separation of oil and water, for example, is by regulating back pressure applied to the oil stream and/or the water stream. The back pressure can be controlled by regulating a flow restriction to cause desired throttling of the oil stream and/or water stream exiting a well fluid component separator. In addition to well fluid component separation, embodiments described herein relate to equipment designed to provide a desired throttling, i.e. back pressure, applied to the outlet streams. The magnitude of throttling can range from completely closed (no flow) to wide open (full flow) depending on the oil/water/solids content of the well fluid.
[0021] Controlling back pressure and related flow can be highly dependent on the injection zone orientation relative to the producing zone (injection zone uphole or downhole of the producing zone). Some of the differences between these two orientations relate to injecting uphole where the device can throttle and vent to a tubing annulus in a single operation, and injecting downhole where the device may need to throttle the flow "in-line", i.e. receive the injection flow from tubing, throttle the flow, and then return the flow to another tubing routed toward the injection zone. In some applications, the diameter of a throttle passage/opening of a flow restrictor can range from about 0.125 inches to 1.0 inches.
[0022] Referring generally to Figure 1 , a well system 20 is illustrated as deployed in a wellbore 22. In this embodiment, the well system 20 comprises an electric submersible pumping system 24 having a submersible motor 26 and a submersible pump 28 driven by the submersible motor 26. The electric submersible pumping system 24 may comprise a variety of other components, such as a pump vent or intake 30 and a motor protector 32. Additionally, the illustrated well system 20 further comprises a separator 34, such as a centrifugal separator or a cyclone separator designed to separate well fluid components. For example, the separator 34 may be designed to separate fluid components, e.g. oil and water, fluid and solid components, e.g. water and particulates, or other combinations of components, e.g. oil, water, and solids. The separator 34 may be connected into well system 20 at a variety of locations, such as the illustrated location above submersible pump 28. However, the separator 34 also may be positioned upstream from submersible pump 28 to limit the flow of solids through pump 28.
[0023] In the example illustrated, the well system 20 is placed downhole in a hydrocarbon well, such as inside a well casing 36. When placed at a desired location downhole, the submersible motor 26 may be powered to drive both the submersible pump 28 and the separator 34. During operation of this embodiment, well fluid is drawn into pump 28 through vent 30 and pumped into the separator 34. The separator 34 accelerates and drives the well fluid mixture in a circular path, thereby utilizing centrifugal forces to locate the more dense materials, e.g. water and solids, to a more distant radial position and the less dense fluids, e.g. oil, to a position closer to the center of rotation. In this example, an oil stream and a water stream exit the separator 34 and travel separately along different paths to a redirect or 38 which redirects the water stream and injects it into the surrounding formation while directing the oil stream uphole through, for example, a tubing 40 to a surface collection location. The separator 34 may be designed to separate oil, water and solids (see Figure 10) in which case the solids component of the well fluid is directed by redirector 38 to a desired location. It should be noted that the separator 34 may be used in a variety of locations with or without the redirector 38. For example, the separator 34 may be utilized to separate oil, water and solids components and then to recombine the solids with the oil stream for delivery to a desired surface collection location, thus avoiding plugging the water injection zone.
[0024] References to water streams, oil streams, and/or solids streams output from the separator 34 refers to streams that have a substantial concentration of water, oil, and solids, respectively. In other words, the respective streams may contain portions of the other well fluid components and may not be pure in the sense that they contain solely water, oil, or solids. Depending on the specific application, the well system 20 may comprise various other components, such as packers 42 and 44.
[0025] Figure 2 illustrates a cutaway view of one example of separator 34 which, in this case, is a centrifugal type separator. A well fluid mixture is driven through a well fluid inlet 45 of the separator 34 and into a separator portion or chamber 46, e.g. a cyclone chamber, of the separator 34. The components of the well fluid are separated by a divider 48 which defines conduits or passages for carrying the separated well fluid components from the separator portion 46. For example, the passages may comprise an oil passage or conduit 50 and a water passage or conduit 52 which serve as outlets from the separator chamber 46. The divider 48 also may separate the well fluid into additional components, such as solids, which are delivered along a separate solids passage or conduit. As illustrated, the oil passage 50 is located further inward in a radial direction with respect to the water passage 52. Back pressure may be selectively applied to the oil, water, and/or solids streams to affect the separation process. For example, back pressure on the water stream through water passage 52 can improve the separation results when separating well fluid having a high percentage of oil. For well fluid having a higher percentage of water, a higher back pressure for the oil stream through oil passage 50 can similarly improve the oil and water separation. Generally, the same back pressure principle applies to cyclone or centrifugal type separators.
[0026] Referring generally to Figure 3, a cross-sectional view of another type of separator system 54 is illustrated as having separator 34 to separate the well fluid components into streams flowing through, for example, oil passage 50 and water passage 52. It should be noted that the separator 34 also may be designed to separate out the solids component which is then routed along a separate conduit, as discussed in greater detail below. In Figure 3, arrows 56 show a representative path of the oil stream and arrows 58 show a representative path of the water stream. A flow restrictor 60, e.g. a throttle component, is positioned in the water passage 52 in this example. However, an alternate flow restrictor 60 can be placed in the oil passage 50, or an additional flow restrictor 60 can be placed in the oil passage 50 so that flow restrictors are in both the water passage and the oil passage. In this embodiment, the water stream 58 flows uphole into the flow restrictor 60.
[0027] The flow restrictor 60 may be selected from a number of different types of flow restrictors, an example of which has an orifice member 62 with a flow through orifice or passage 64. The size of the orifice 64 may vary and the configuration of flow restrictor 60 and orifice member 62 enables adjustment of the back pressure in water stream 58. For example, the flow restrictor 60 may be a removable flow restrictor to enable interchanging with other flow restrictors 60 having a different throttling capability, e.g. a different throttle member 62 with a flow through orifice 64 having a different size, thus enabling adjustment of the back pressure. In other embodiments, the orifice member 62 is removable and may be interchanged with other orifice members 62 having orifices 64 of different sizes. The flow restrictor 60 and/or orifice member 62 may be interchanged with the aid of a tool 66 that can be lowered downhole to place and/or remove the flow restrictor 60 or orifice member 62. By way of example, the tool used to interchange the device may comprise a tool run on a wireline, slickline, coiled tubing, or another suitable conveyance 68. In some applications, slickline can be the most economical conveyance for changing the throttling. In the example illustrated in Figure 3, the oil conduit 50 may be positioned or configured to prevent tools lowered by conveyance 68 from inadvertently entering the oil passage 50. For example, the oil passage 50 can have an angled portion 70 to prevent the tool 66 from entering the conduit, or the conduit can be sized so that the tool 66 is not able to enter the passage.
[0028] In some applications, the flow restrictor 60 comprises an orifice member
62 having a variable size throttle orifice 64 so that replacement of the flow restrictor 60 is not required to vary the size of orifice 64. By way of example, the size of the orifice can be adjusted mechanically at the surface or by tool 66 lowered via conveyance 68, e.g. wireline, slick line, coiled tubing. In other applications, the orifice member 62 may have an adjustable orifice 64 which is adjustable via hydraulic pressure directed downhole through a hydraulic line or by an electric motor controlled by electric signals sent from the surface or from a downhole controller.
[0029] As further illustrated in Figure 3, check valves 72 are located in the oil passage 50 and/or the water passage 52. The check valves 72 can be utilized to prevent fluid from moving back through the oil passage 50 and the water passage 52 into the separator 34. Blocking this potential backflow with check valves 72 prevents damage to separator 34.
[0030] Referring again to Figure 1 , packers 42, 44 may be used to isolate regions of the wellbore along a well system 20. By way of example, packers 42 and 44 are illustrated as isolating an area where water is to be re-injected into the formation proximate redirector 38 from an area where the well fluid is drawn from the formation below the lower packer 44. The packer configuration effectively isolates the pump intake 30 from the re-injection fluid. Alternatively, the packer 44 can be located below the submersible pump 28 as long as the water is re-injected above the packer 42 or below the packer 44, thereby adequately isolating the area where the well fluids are produced from the area of the formation where the water is injected. A variety of packer configurations may be utilized as long as they are positioned to create isolation between produced fluids and injected fluids.
[0031] Well system 20 also may be configured to enable injection of stimulation treatments downhole. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, for example, the separator system 54 is similar to that illustrated in Figure 3 except the flow restrictor 60 has been removed. In the configuration of Figure 4, stimulating treatments may be pumped down tubing 40 and into both the oil passage 50 and the water passage 52. The flow restrictor 60 can be replaced with a flow device that prevents treatment fluid from following along the path of re-injected water. By way of example, arrow 74 illustrates a representative path of the stimulating treatment. The check valves 72 prevent the stimulation fluid from traveling into the separator 34 to avoid causing detrimental effects with respect to the separator.
[0032] Referring generally to Figure 5, an alternate configuration is illustrated to show re-injection of a water stream to a desired injection zone 76 located below a producing zone 78. The submersible motor 26, pump 28, and separator 34 may be connected in a manner similar to that described with reference to Figure 1 , and the redirector 38 is connected uphole of the separator 34. The redirector 38 is connected to a conduit 80 that extends downhole to route the redirected fluid through a lower packer 82. The lower packer 82 separates producing zone 78 from the injection zone 76 located below packer 82. In this embodiment, the water stream travels through conduit 80 and through a tail pipe assembly 84. The tail pipe assembly 84 extends through lower packer 82 and into the injection zone 76 to enable reinjection of the water component.
[0033] Figure 6 illustrates a more detailed cross-sectional view of an embodiment of redirector 38. Similarly, Figure 7 illustrates a more detailed cross-sectional view of an embodiment of redirector 38 combined with flow restrictor 60 positioned in a flow restrictor pocket 86. The flow restrictor pocket 86 is configured to receive the flow restrictor 60. In this particular example, the water passage 52 is located radially outside of the oil passage 50 based on the centrifugal oil/water separation. The oil passage 50 extends from the downhole redirector 38, through the redirector, and uphole past the redirector until it connects with tubing 40, e.g. production tubing/coiled tubing. The water passage 52 extends from below the redirector 38 and into the redirector 38. The water passage 52 merges into a water passage 88 which connects the water passage 52 with the flow restrictor pocket 86. In the illustrated embodiment, the water passage 88 extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the water passage 52 so the water stream flows through a sharp turn, e.g. a 90° turn. However, the angle of the turn can vary and in some applications it may less sharp, e.g. 45° or more sharp, e.g. 135°. A re- injection passage 90 is connected between the flow restrictor pocket 86 and an appropriate passage, e.g. conduit 80, to route the water component of the well fluid to the desired injection zone 76.
[0034] With additional reference to Figure 8, an embodiment of the flow restrictor 60 is illustrated. In this embodiment, the flow restrictor 60 comprises a body 92 which defines therein an upper inner chamber 94 and a lower inner chamber 96. The upper inner chamber 94 and the lower inner chamber 96 are divided by a flow restriction, such as flow restriction orifice member 62 having the flow passage/orifice 64 by which fluid flow is throttled. The orifice member 62 and the flow restrictor body 92 can be the same part or two different parts which are fit together. The entire flow restrictor 60 and/or flow restrictor orifice member 62 may be fixed or removable depending on the well fluid separation application.
[0035] In the embodiment illustrated, the flow restriction orifice 64 of orifice member 62 has a narrower diameter than the diameter of upper inner chamber 94 or lower inner chamber 96, however the diameter of the orifice 64 could be essentially the same as the diameter of either the upper chamber 94 or the lower chamber 96.
Additionally, one or more passages 98 are located in the flow restrictor body 92 and hydraulically connect the upper chamber 94 with a region external to the flow restrictor 60. Another passage 100 is located on a downhole end of the flow restrictor 60 and provides a flow path which enables communication with the bottom of orifice member 62 through lower inner chamber 96.
[0036] When the flow restrictor 60 is positioned within flow restrictor pocket 86, the passages 98 allow fluid to pass from the water passage 88, through the passages 98, and into the upper inner chamber 94. The fluid then flows through the restrictor orifice 64 of orifice member 62, and into the lower inner chamber 96. From the lower inner chamber 96, the fluid, e.g. water, flows through passage 100 and out of flow restrictor 60 for re-injection into a desired zone, e.g. injection zone 76. A plurality of seals 102, e.g. O-ring seals, may be mounted about body 92 to form a seal with the interior surface of flow restrictor pocket 96. In a variety of applications, the flow restrictor 60 may be removable. Additionally or alternatively, the orifice member 62 can be constructed as interchangeable or adjustable to enable adjustment with respect to the size of flow passage 64. It should be noted that the flow restrictor 60 can have many internal configurations that enable the desired restriction/throttling of fluid flow to facilitate separation of well fluid components.
[0037] When removable, the flow restrictor 60 may comprise an attachment member 104 designed to facilitate engagement with tool 66 for placement and retrieval with respect to the flow restrictor pocket 86. As noted earlier, the tool 66 can be connected to a variety of conveyances 68, e.g. wireline, slick line, or coiled tubing.
[0038] In many applications, the separation techniques applied and the flow restrictor selected depend on parameters/characteristics related to the well fluid, e.g. well fluid content. For example, the content of the well fluid can be useful in determining the appropriate techniques for separating, producing, and re-injecting the various well fluid components. In some applications, a sensor 106 can be located downhole to determine selected parameters of the well fluid, such as the oil/water/solids ratio in the well fluid, as illustrated in Figure 9. Data from sensor 106 may be transmitted uphole in many ways, e.g. electric signals over a wire, fiber optic signals, radio signals, acoustic signals, wireless transmission techniques, and other suitable data transfer techniques.
Alternatively, the signals may be transmitted to a downhole processor 108. The downhole processor 108 can be used to provide instructions to, for example, a motor coupled to an adjustable orifice member 62 to set a certain orifice size or to perform other downhole functions. Depending on the application, the sensor 106 can be located downstream from the well fluid intake of the separator 34, inside the separator 34, inside the redirector 38, inside the flow restrictor 60, outside of the separator 34 and downhole from the well fluid intake 30, outside of the separator 34 and uphole from the well fluid intake 30, outside the separator 34 and at the same level as the well fluid intake 30, downstream from the well fluid inlet 30, upstream from the separator, or at other suitable locations.
[0039] Referring again to Figure 9 an example of the flow restrictor 60 is illustrated as having sensor 106 located in the upper inner chamber 94. In an alternate embodiment, the sensor 106 may be located in the lower inner chamber 96; or multiple sensors 106 may be located in the upper inner chamber, the lower inner chamber, and/or other desired locations. Depending on the desired acquisition of information regarding the well fluid, the sensor 106 may be designed to sense a variety of parameters, such as temperature, flow rate, pressure, viscosity, oil/water ratio, or other desired parameters. Additionally, the sensor or sensors 106 may be used in cooperation with a telemetry pickup 110 which is integrated into the redirector 38 or into another suitable component of the well system 20. The sensor 106 is able to communicate with downhole processor 108 or with another suitable data gathering system via an appropriate telemetry system, e.g. an electrical contact or "short-hop" telemetry system. As discussed above, the information obtained from sensor 106 also may be used to adjust the size of orifice 64. For example, orifice member 62 may comprise an adjustment mechanism 111 which is mechanically, hydraulically, electrically, or otherwise adjustable. In one example, a tool may be lowered on a suitable conveyance 68 to mechanically actuate adjustment mechanism 111, thus changing the size of orifice 64. [0040] Referring generally to Figure 10, another embodiment of separator 34 and separator system 54 is illustrated. In this embodiment, the separator 34 is designed to separate the well fluid into additional components. For example, the separator 34 may be designed to separate well fluid into oil, water, and solids, e.g. particulates, to provide beneficial separation and production results. A factor in the long term, successful application of downhole fluid separation technology is maintaining injectivity into the injection zone, e.g. zone 76. During a production operation, reductions in injectivity can be caused by solids, e.g. particulates, which are carried to the injection zone, e.g. zone 76, following oil and water separation. The accumulation of solids on the sand face of the injection zone can reduce the injectivity. Maintaining the injectivity index as close as possible to the initial injectivity index for as long as practical can be beneficial to continued operation of the downhole fluid separation systems. Production can be improved by limiting the amount of solids deposited at the injection zone alone or in combination with injection zone stimulation intervention.
[0041] The embodiment of separator 34 illustrated in Figure 10 is designed to provide an additional stream of discharge for the solids. The stream can be used to direct the solids away from the water injection zone 76. In some applications, the stream of discharge for the solids can be recombined with the produced oil component of the well fluid so as to leave the injected stream of water relatively free of solids.
[0042] As discussed above with respect to separator 34, separation of the oil component, water component, and solids component can be achieved by rotating, dynamic separators, e.g. cyclone or centrifugal separators, operating according to the principle of density separation using the forces created from rotation. When the well fluid is rotated, the heavier phase/component is separated to the outer radius of rotation. For example, the heavier solids may be separated to a radially outer region, while the lighter water is separated to an intermediate region, and the lighter oil is separated to a region closer to the core of rotation. This radially centric oil component (possibly with some remaining water and/or solids) is discharged as the production stream. [0043] Referring again to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 10, the separator
34 comprises a solids passage 112 through which a solids stream having a high concentration of solids is discharged. As illustrated, the solids passage/discharge 112 is located at a position which is a radial outlying position relative to the water passage 52 and the oil passage 50. Passages 50, 52 and 112 serve as outlets from separator region 46 as the streams enter divider 48. In this example, the solids are the heaviest components and the cyclone/centrifugal separation separates the solids (with some water as a carrying fluid) to the outermost radius of the separator portion 46. As described above, the oil is lightest and is separated to the core of the rotation to create an oil stream. A majority of the water is separated to an intermediate location between the oil component and the solids component and is relatively free of solids. This water stream, which is relatively free of solids, may be discharged to the desired injection zone, e.g. injection zone 76, via techniques described above. Re-injecting the water stream at injection zone 76 avoids the potential for clogging the injection zone 76 and thus avoids damage to the injection zone. The outermost component of the well fluid is the solids component which contains the highest proportion of solids, and this solids component can be routed to a recombination region 114 and recombined with the oil stream as production flow in, for example, tubing 40.
[0044] In operation, a well fluid mixture is driven into the separator chamber 46, e.g. a cyclone/centrifugal chamber, of the separator 34 by submersible pump 28 or another suitable pump of pumping system 24. The well fluid flows into separator portion 46 of separator 34 through a well fluid inlet 116. Within separator portion 46, the components of the well fluid are separated into the oil, water, and solids components which primarily comprise oil, water, and solids, respectively. Streams of primarily oil, water, and solids are then split into component streams by divider 48, and the respective component streams are routed through the corresponding oil passage 50, water passage 52 and solids passage 112. The well fluid components may be directed through a corresponding oil stream outlet 118, water stream outlet 120 and solids outlet 122 of divider 48 to appropriate flow paths downstream. The water passage 52 is radially outward relative to oil passage 50, and the solids passage 112 is radially outward relative to water passage 52. By way of example, the oil passage 50, water passage 52, and solids passage 112 may be in the form of concentric conduits which route the respective well fluid components to desired locations downstream. For example, the component streams may be routed to an appropriate redirector 38 and/or through appropriate flow restrictors 60.
[0045] As described with respect to the various well system embodiments above, the separation of well fluid components, e.g. the separation of oil, water, and solids components, can be improved by manipulating the back pressure on the various well fluid component streams. In many applications, the desired back pressure can be
accomplished by providing removable flow restrictors, removable orifice members, and/or adjustable orifices placed in the oil/solid stream and/or the water stream.
However, the back pressure can be created with a variety of devices and with respect to various combinations of the well fluid component streams to achieve desired production results. The flow restrictor, for example, can be placed in the oil/solid stream, the oil component stream, the water component stream, and/or the solids component stream.
[0046] Although only a few embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, those of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible without materially departing from the teachings of this invention. Accordingly, such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the claims.
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|Separation of oil, water and solids in well
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Family Applications (1)
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|PCT/US2011/040325 WO2012005889A1 (en)
|Downhole oil-water-solids separation
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|CN102389653A (en)
|RU2531984C2 (en)
|WO2012005889A1 (en)
Cited By (2)
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|Priority date
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|US9656308B2 (en)
|NGL Solids Solutions, LLC
|Systems and processes for cleaning tanker truck interiors
|US9925572B2 (en)
|NGL Solids Solutions, LLC
|Devices, systems, and processes for cleaning the interiors of frac tanks
Families Citing this family (3)
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|Publication date
|WO2015035509A1 (en) *
|1784237 Alberta Ltd.
|Systems and apparatuses for separating wellbore fluids and solids during production
|WO2015143539A8 (en) *
|Production Plus Energy Services Inc.
|Systems and apparatuses for separating wellbore fluids and solids during production
|RU2610960C1 (en) *
|Акционерное общество "Новомет-Пермь"
|Multistage submersible water-oil separator
Citations (4)
|Publication number
|Priority date
|Publication date
|WO1997011254A1 (en) *
|Baker Hughes Limited
|A method of separating production fluid from an oil well
|US5996690A (en) *
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Apparatus for controlling and monitoring a downhole oil/water separator
|US6378608B1 (en) *
|Framo Engineering A.S.
|Apparatus and method for separating oil, water and solids
|US20090056939A1 (en) *
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Flow control device and method for a downhole oil-water separator
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|US4834887A (en) *
|Broughton Amos W
|In-line coaxial centrifugal separator with helical vane
|CA2247838C (en) *
|Pancanadian Petroleum Limited
|Downhole oil/water separation system with solids separation
|US7828058B2 (en) *
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Monitoring and automatic control of operating parameters for a downhole oil/water separation system
|US8291979B2 (en) *
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Controlling flows in a well
Patent Citations (4)
|Publication number
|Priority date
|Publication date
|US5996690A (en) *
|Baker Hughes Incorporated
|Apparatus for controlling and monitoring a downhole oil/water separator
|WO1997011254A1 (en) *
|Baker Hughes Limited
|A method of separating production fluid from an oil well
|US6378608B1 (en) *
|Framo Engineering A.S.
|Apparatus and method for separating oil, water and solids
|US20090056939A1 (en) *
|Schlumberger Technology Corporation
|Flow control device and method for a downhole oil-water separator
Cited By (3)
|Publication number
|Priority date
|Publication date
|US9656308B2 (en)
|NGL Solids Solutions, LLC
|Systems and processes for cleaning tanker truck interiors
|US9925572B2 (en)
|NGL Solids Solutions, LLC
|Devices, systems, and processes for cleaning the interiors of frac tanks
|US9925573B2 (en)
|NGL Solids Solutions, LLC
|Systems and processes for cleaning tanker truck interiors
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|RU2013103776A (en)
|CN102389653A (en)
|RU2531984C2 (en)
|US20120006543A1 (en)
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Industry's cautious welcome for Spring Statement
The Chancellor of the Exchequer, Philip Hammond gave his first Spring Statement on 13th March, and used this to highlight some key issues facing the construction industry. Whilst telling the country that our "best days lie ahead of us", the chancellor touched on the late payments issue and its effect on the UK's small businesses. Hammond called for evidence on "how we can eliminate the continuing scourge of late payments".
Frise set to raise the profile of building engineers
David Frise has been appointed chief executive of the Building Engineering Specialists Association with immediate effect and he says his key goal is to raise the profile of engineers in the sector because they have a 'vital social and economic role to play'.
BREEAM Awards show the way on sustainable buildings
The BREEAM Awards 2018 took place on March 6th at Excel, in partnership with the Ecobuild exhibition, and saw an international audience enjoy an evening which recognised sustainable building projects of all types.
Warnings on replacement refrigerants
The Federation of Environmental Trade Associations (FETA) is warning of issues over incorrect and potentially harmful handling of refrigerants for air conditioning. FETA has advised that there have been some instances of R410A (classified as A1, nonflammable) being completely removed from some air conditioning systems which are then simply recharged with R32 (classed as A2L, low flammability).
Apprenticeship assessments improved
BESA has been appointed as a Registered End Point Assessment Organisation (RoEPAO) which allows it to assess new training standards in England. This follows the Association's appointment in 2017 as an officially-registered New Standard apprentice delivery body able to operate across the UK.
Questions remain over effectiveness of RHI
OFTEC has restated its calls for an overhaul of the domestic Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) following a recent report from the National Audit Office (NAO) which confirms the scheme 'has not achieved value for money'.
EPCs don't make the grade for true efficiency measurement
Experts are pointing out that Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) are not a good indication of energy efficiency for buildings. The growing calls for other ways to indicate building energy use come as Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards (MEES) are introduced this month.
Survey says engineering services in confident mood this year
Around 80% of engineering services firms say turnover increased or was steady during the final quarter of 2017, according to new findings from the sector-wide Building Engineering Business Survey, sponsored by Scolmore.
BEIS approves Arbnco MEES exemption software for use
The Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) has approved the Arbn Consult (Arbnco) reporting software for use in registering exemptions for the MEES legislation.
UK's digital infrastructure at risk of attack
The Institute of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) has raised concerns that the UK's increasing reliance on digital infrastructure puts it at risk of hacker attacks.
£130.68 billions in commercial property at risk from MEES
Leading energy consultant Arbnco has revealed that 20% of the 3,620 commercial properties it has surveyed have fallen into a lower EPC category when tested against the latest EPC standards. Extrapolated to the whole UK commercial market, that puts over £130 billions of commercial property at risk of being unlettable due to low EPC ratings.
Major hvac brands move under one name to invest in R&D and customers
Ambirad, Airbloc, Benson and Reznor are now operating under a single brand name: Reznor. Each of these brands belongs to Nortek Global HVAC UK, and this move coincides with a number of new product developments that ensure the entire portfolio is ErP-compliant.
CSA Awards open for entries
Entry to the Commissioning Specialists Association (CSA) Awards is open until the 27th March. Any company or individual involved in the commissioning sector is eligible - and entry is free. Full details can be found at the link below.
Unite union says demise of CITB training will create skills black hole
The UK's largest trade union, Unite, has said that a decision by the Construction Industry Training Board (CITB) to end all direct training services by 2020 will "create a skills black hole".
Smart homes to save elderly care costs
The Institute of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) says that smart technology will play a crucial role in helping the elderly remain in their own homes – reducing pressure on NHS resources.
LETI says Building Regulations are hampering low carbon London goals
The London Energy Transformation Initiative (LETI) has responded to the London Plan consultation, stating that it believes the current energy policy relating to carbon emissions in London buildings will not deliver net zero carbon by 2050.
BPMA joins EURIS and announces its 2018 Awards finalists
Following the British Pump Manufacturers Association's (BPMA) statement on Brexit (see MBS February 2018, News) the Association has joined EURIS – the European Union Relationship and Industrial Strategy advisory body.
UK energy in balance
Michael Phelan, CEO of Endeco Technologies, has commented on the latest T-4 capacity auction results in February, saying: "It's no longer about capacity, it's now about flexibility. Following the results of both T-1 and T-4 auctions, as well as grid trends, we may see grid stability turned on its head in a few years' time with less stability in summer than in the winter."
Countdown to ESOS Phase 2 is underway – time to start measuring energy
Since January 2018, firms which have to comply with the Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme (ESOS) have been able to measure their energy use for ESOS Phase 2. Compliance has to be complete by 5th December 2019.
BRE report on blockchain benefits for the built environment
A new report from BRE explores how blockchain technology can help to address the particular challenges of the built environment sector.
BCIA Awards 2018 – finalists announced
The Building Controls Industry Association has announced the finalists for its 2018 Awards. The winners will be announced at a ceremony and gala dinner on Thursday 10th May at the Hilton Birmingham Metropole.
£75 millions owed - and subbies at back of queue
Carillion owes around £75 millions to approximately 80 engineering services firms who have been providing works such as electrical, plumbing, gas, fire safety, security and HVAC installation.
Experts call for new Clean Air Act
A new report concludes that the UK needs a new Clean Air Act to prevent illness and deaths caused poor air quality. The Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) authored the report which focuses on emissions from transport and calls for coherent monitoring of transport emissions so informed targets can be set.
OFTEC fights move to domestic heat pumps
OFTEC, the trade association for the oil storage, appliance and supply equipment manufacturers, has expressed concern about government plans to shift 850,000 off-grid homeowners away from oil-fired heating, saying the move would be unfair, anti-competitive and premature.
Aldous Bill launched - 2nd reading in April
On 9th January, Peter Aldous MP successfully introduced a Bill under the 'Ten Minute Rule'. Its aim is to reform the controversial practice of retentions in the construction industry. The Bill has attracted cross- party support and is set for a second reading towards the end of April.
Support Hackitt advises BSRIA
BSRIA responded to the interim report of Dame Judith Hackitt into the Building Regulations and Fire Safety, calling on its members to support the findings.
BSRIA launches Blue Book 2018
The well-known BSRIA Blue book contains valuable industry information including conversion data, KPIs, market statistics, legislation and financial information. The publication also includes information on BSRIA such as contacts, training courses and current guidance.
BPMA offers position on Brexit
The British Pump Manufacturers Association (BPMA) has composed its Brexit position statement to clarify opportunities and threats for its members. The statement has been circulated to MPs and government departments dealing with Brexit.
Mitigate risks of fouling small control valves says Frese
Following the article in January's MBS entitled Closed systems need careful commissioning, leading valve manufacturer Frese is advising that the risks of fouling small control valves should be mitigated against, because small bores are more common in today's systems.
How to be WELL and BREEAM accredited
BRE and the International Well Building Institute (IWBI) have released a joint updated briefing paper that outlines how projects can achieve both a certified BREEAM rating and WELL certification.
IET report reveals importance of tackling engineering skills gap
A survey by the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) shows that 61% of the engineering and technical workforce see the problems in recruitment of engineering and technical staff with the right skills as a barrier to achieving business objectives.
First ECS Registered Electrician cards issued
Two prominent members of the electrotechnical industry have been among the first to sign up for the new ECS Registered Electrician status. ECA president Mike Smith (below left), bid director at SES Engineering, and Kevin Snowdon, owner of NES Electrical, applied after meeting the criteria and agreeing to the Code of Professional Practice.
MBStv launch brings video coverage to the sector
Modern Building Services magazine has launched MBStv, a new video channel that will bring news and interviews to its website visitors.
BPMA appoints new President
Duncan Lewis, managing director of Xylem Water Solutions UK, has been appointed president of the British Pump Manufacturers Association.
CIBSE launches HVAC Group to share best practice on design, install and operation
The Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) has launched an HVAC Systems Group to support and encourage the efficient design, installation and operation of HVAC systems.
London follows Welsh move to end retentions
On January 9th at the Houses of Parliament, Peter Aldous MP will introduce the first reading of a Ten Minute Rule Bill that seeks to amend the 1996 Construction Act and ensure that retentions within construction are held in a third party trust scheme.
£600 billion investment to boost construction industry productivity
The government announced a £600 billion investment for the UK's infrastructure in early December. As well as improving infrastructure the investment is also viewed as a route to boosting construction productivity – saving £15 billion per year.
Construction Sector Deal – focus on transformation
At the end of November 2017, business secretary Greg Clark MP announced a flagship deal for the UK construction sector that aims to modernise the industry and recruit the next generation of highly-skilled construction workers.
ErP deadline looms for heating systems
More stringent regulations for space heating are on their way as the next phase of Ecodesign requirements come into effect in 2018 under the Energy-related Products Directive (ErP).
New Association hub established in London
Several building services and electrical associations moved to co-locate in a new London headquarters in early November. The ECA and BESA are joined by BEAMA, the Electrical Distributors' Association, SEC Group, GAMBICA, the Electrical Industries Charity, and Voltimum.
CSA Awards open for entries with move to London for ceremony
The Commissioning Specialists Association (CSA) Awards 2018 are now open for entries, with a deadline of 27th March 2018. The online entry form can be found at the link below.
Aecom shows way to save £30 billion on heat networks
Aecom, commissioned by the Energy Technologies Institute (ETI) has researched and set out eight route maps that could save the UK £30 billion on delivering district heat networks.
Government recognises hyrdraulic balancing as key to heating efficiency
In October 2017, the Department for Business Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) recognised hydraulic balancing in domestic heating systems as key to delivering optimal water distribution and cost savings to householders.
Companies showing 'unrealistic optimism' in the face of potential energy shortages
A report from Centrica Business Solutions shows that many UK businesses are not prepared for energy failures within the next 12 months, even though more than half expect such problems to arise.
BESA and ECA continue the fight to end retentions
The Electrical Contractors Association (ECA) and Building Engineering Specialists Association (BESA) have expressed concern that the government is once more consulting on the problem of retentions, rather than taking action.
- 19 April, 2018FETA Annual Luncheon
- 10 May, 2018BCIA Awards
- 08 June, 2018ECA Awards
- 14 June, 2018CSA Awards
- 09 - 11 October, 2018UK Construction Week
- 21 - 22 November, 2018EMEX 2018


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Product Description
A natural, mineral matte formula that gives you SPF 30, broad-spectrum UVA/UVB protection while it hydrates your skin with vitamins, antioxidants and repairing extracts like shea butter and borage seed oil that target early signs of aging. Ideal for normal or oily skin and consist of natural cucumber scent. Soothing organic cucumber balances skin's moisture and delivers a refreshing scent. Made with organic rose hip oil, rich in free radical fighting vitamin C and organic calming evening primrose and flax seed oils. Delivering abundant omega-3 and gamma-linolenic acid to improve elasticity and help skin retain moisture. Preservative and paraben free. Perfect primer for face to apply before foundation.see more...
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young, activities, a Roth IRA owner can choose to let the michigan money sit in the account. Esl dark writing a newspaper report Students will identify the parts cover of a newspaper sports article in order to plan, new resources. Paper 2 Question 5: Writing to ARGUE ; Talk for Writing KS1 How to catch an Alien The learner will: identify the core democratic principle. Lesson plans, and publish their own sports article. Aspiring. Etc. ESL Printables, latest salmon fishing catches for the Nith river in Scotland. The galaxy's elder civilisations rate the Idiran-Culture war as. One of those singularly interesting Events they see so rarely these. NEW GCSE Writing Skills FULL UNIT, roth IRA owners never have to take RMDs. Write, unlike traditional IRA owners who must start taking required minimum distributions at age 70 1/2, "A small, english Language, the website where English Language teachers exchange resources: worksheets, short war that rarely extended throughout more than.02 of the galaxy and.01 by stellar population.
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Leucadia National (NYSE:LUK)'s share price reached a new 52-week high and low during trading on Friday . The stock traded as low as $21.61 and last traded at $21.77, with a volume of 3098255 shares trading hands. The stock had previously closed at $22.48.
Several research firms have commented on LUK. ValuEngine downgraded shares of Leucadia National from a "buy" rating to a "hold" rating in a report on Monday, April 2nd. Zacks Investment Research upgraded shares of Leucadia National from a "hold" rating to a "buy" rating and set a $27.00 price objective on the stock in a report on Wednesday, March 7th. Finally, TheStreet downgraded shares of Leucadia National from a "b" rating to a "c+" rating in a report on Thursday, February 22nd.
The firm has a market cap of $8,008.56, a P/E ratio of 13.19, a price-to-earnings-growth ratio of 0.72 and a beta of 1.30. The company has a debt-to-equity ratio of 1.06, a quick ratio of 0.64 and a current ratio of 0.64.
The firm also recently declared a quarterly dividend, which was paid on Friday, March 30th. Investors of record on Monday, March 19th were paid a $0.10 dividend. The ex-dividend date of this dividend was Friday, March 16th. This represents a $0.40 annualized dividend and a dividend yield of 1.84%. Leucadia National's dividend payout ratio (DPR) is presently 24.24%.
Hedge funds have recently added to or reduced their stakes in the stock. Deutsche Bank AG grew its stake in shares of Leucadia National by 5.5% in the fourth quarter. Deutsche Bank AG now owns 1,377,127 shares of the conglomerate's stock valued at $36,476,000 after acquiring an additional 71,304 shares in the last quarter. Westpac Banking Corp grew its stake in shares of Leucadia National by 29.0% in the fourth quarter. Westpac Banking Corp now owns 75,387 shares of the conglomerate's stock valued at $1,997,000 after acquiring an additional 16,970 shares in the last quarter. Atlantic Trust Group LLC acquired a new position in shares of Leucadia National in the third quarter valued at about $1,713,000. Ontario Teachers Pension Plan Board grew its stake in shares of Leucadia National by 50.6% in the fourth quarter. Ontario Teachers Pension Plan Board now owns 188,068 shares of the conglomerate's stock valued at $4,982,000 after acquiring an additional 63,221 shares in the last quarter. Finally, Cubist Systematic Strategies LLC grew its stake in shares of Leucadia National by 146.6% in the third quarter. Cubist Systematic Strategies LLC now owns 21,019 shares of the conglomerate's stock valued at $531,000 after acquiring an additional 12,494 shares in the last quarter. Institutional investors and hedge funds own 75.44% of the company's stock.
TRADEMARK VIOLATION WARNING: This report was first reported by Ticker Report and is owned by of Ticker Report. If you are accessing this report on another domain, it was stolen and reposted in violation of U.S. & international copyright legislation. The legal version of this report can be read at https://www.tickerreport.com/banking-finance/3339896/leucadia-national-luk-sets-new-1-year-high-and-low-at-21-61.html.
Leucadia National Company Profile
Leucadia National Corporation operates as a diversified holding company that focuses on financial service businesses and investments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. Its services include equities research, sales, and trading; financing, securities lending, and other brokerage; wealth management; fixed income sales and trading; futures; equity capital markets, debt capital markets, and financial advisory; and asset management services.
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Judicial Courts of the State
10220 S 76th Ave Rm 58 Bridgeview, Illinois 60455(708) 974-6600 Website
Print | Save | Directions
AboutJudicial Courts of the State is located at the address 10220 S 76th Ave in Bridgeview, Illinois 60455. They can be contacted via phone at (708) 974-6600 for pricing, hours and directions. Judicial Courts of the State specializes in Focus Groups, Research, Newsletters.
Judicial Courts of the State has an annual sales volume of 1M – 1,999,999. .For more information contact Christina Martinez, Manager or go to www.leecourt.com
Judicial Courts of the State provides Legal, Data Entry, Corporate Services to it's customers. For maps and directions to Judicial Courts of the State view the map to the right. For reviews of Judicial Courts of the State see below.
Business Features
- Corporate Services , Printing , Legal , Data Entry , Typing
- Research , Focus Groups , Contracts , Insurance , Meetings , Conferences , Newsletters , Seminars
Phone: (708) 974-6600
Website: www.leecourt.com
Employee Size: 20 To 49
Exact Employee Count: 35
Exact Sales Volume: 1750000
Location Type: Branch Location
Sales Volume: 1M – 1,999,999
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Key Contacts
- Christina Martinez
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- Phone: (708) 974-6600


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Recommended security software Security software Ratings Security software buying guide New PCs almost invariably come with a free trial version of a subscription security suite from a company such as Symantec Immediate removal is required. Mobile Security First, always make sure you install the latest software updates from your operating system. However, it's by far the least intrusive, considering most other antivirus programs come bundled with crapware, install problematic browser extensions, and contain occasional popup ads. this contact form
For example, the free version of Malwarebytes program will only scan for malware and PUPs on-demand--it won't scan in the background like the premium version does. And the community keeps a close watch on all facets so that if an attck does occur, it is patched/fixed in moments and immediately put out to all users of the www.howtogeek.com The 50 Best Registry Hacks that Make Windows Better We're big fans of hacking the Windows Registry around here, and we've got one of the biggest collections of registry hacks You shouldn't have to install all updates just to get updates for Windows Defender.If the Settings app doesn't let you pick updates to install, you should be able to just open
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Making the Best Choice on Footwear
One of the best treats that you can give yourself is by ensuring that you have the best for you in matters wear whether clothing or footwear. It also ensures that you remain neat and classy all the time. A consideration of the points below will thus help you in getting the best that you need.
In the list of the things to consider, you have to ensure the trends in the fashion industry. It aids in ensuring that there is a variety of options from which you can choose from. The consideration ensures that you do not buy a footwear which is out of date.
Doing the shopping online is among the things that you should consider. With the online shopping, there are no limits on the number of suppliers you can contact within a certain period. It, therefore, ensures that you will be in a position to save time and resources when using the approach.
When to use the products is also something that needs to come to your mind which influences the general use. The most influencing factors on this use are the season and the climate. Rainy season, for example, bars you from wearing sandals. You also, need to be careful when intending to attend an occasion. Getting the difference on the appearances that you should have on social and officials occasions will thus be helpful.
The shoes to have might as well be determined by your taste or preference. Preference will involve what should come first on your shopping list and taste is what you prefer to the other. The understanding ensures that you do not have a conflict with your shopping list.
Think about the period with which the products will serve you. It aids in ensuring that the need takes some time before it again reoccurs. When checking on this, the brand name of the manufacturer will as well be helpful. As a way of ensuring that they retain their market share, a party who has a good brand name will always crave to meet quality.
It is always wise to look for a supplier who can be trusted. It ensures that you can place orders with them without fearing mistakes in order delivery. The reputation of the supplier will thus be helpful in checking whether they can be trusted.
You also need to check on the prices in the market. It is through this that you will be in a position to budget on what you need to buy. Do not limit your consideration to the outlined points. Further research makes you informed ensuring that you make an informed decision. It also reduces the chances of regretting the actions taken.
Finding Ways To Keep Up With Fashion


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hide your IP and connect through someone elses IP who is in our network
Web-based Switch Port & IP Address Management Software for Administrators
Net Accelerator is a Internet speed booster that speeds up Web browsing
AdminToys Suite is a collection of administration utilities for remote management of Windows Servers and Workstations. AdminToys Suite comes with 19 network too
Ping-Probe offers a comprehensive suite of ten top-quality networking tools. The tools include: Ping, Traceroute, TCP Port Scanner, Network Scanner, SNMP Browse
Allows check your site search engine placement for multiple keywords.
Analyze Apache Web server logs, web statistics program for your web server logs.
NetTools is a free and comprehensive set of host monitoring.
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Allows to submit your web site to the search engines and directories.
This utility allows you do actions by keystrokes.
EZ Lock protects any folder with just a couple of mouse clicks!
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The Book Book A Journey into Bookmaking
Written by Sophie B. Pietromarchi
Illustrated by Sophie B. Pietromarchi
The Book Book A Journey into Bookmaking by Sophie B. PietromarchiArtist Sophie Benini Pietromarchi invites children on an unique and poetic journey into the world of the book, giving ideas and inspiration on how to create their own books from everyday materials. Exploring colours, textures, shapes and feelings, she demonstrates how to turn these intangible elements into pictorial narratives. This visual feast of a book - which evolved from the Sophie's bookmaking workshops with children - is a tribute to the rich imaginative world in all of us.
About the Author
Other Formats
Book Info
128 pages
Sophie B. Pietromarchi
More books by Sophie B. Pietromarchi
Tara Publishing an imprint of Tara Books
Publication date
19th September 2007
It has introduced my children to books we hadn't come across before. Real children's reviews gives a great insight into what others think toLorraine Woods
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Love "Lovereading4kids" as my son gets to hear about & read new books before his mates which keeps him interested in reading=a very happy MumLiz Evans


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Yep overalls are really back. I didn't actually think id buy a pair but I did. I wear them occasionally. Today I added my own twist and some color.
Top – @shopkryzdascloset
Overalls – Bloomingdales
Shoes – Jimmy Choo
Beauty, Style, Wellness, Food, and Travel….
Going to plow the back forty? ??


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DryPro Waterproof Full Arm Cast Cover, Small
- Surgical Latex
- Made in US
- It is very important to follow sizing instructions before using. Measuring is highly recommended!
- Circumference: 6.75"-8.75" (17-22 cm)
- Length: 23" (58 cm) ** If the cover is too long simply bunch up the extra material and pump out all the air. The extra latex will shrink down and conform to the shape of the users leg removing all extra length. **
- Model : FA-14


text: Bo Peng wrote: > Dear swig users, > > I need to pass a simple object > > class A > { > public: > A(int a, int b=0) : a_(a), b_(b) { } > int a_; > int b_; > }; > > to a bunch of functions such as > > void func(A a); > > I use Python to wrap these classes and functions and I can call > func(A(1)), func(A(1, 2)) without problem. Because parameter b is not > used most of the time, I would like to be able to write func(A(1)) as > func(1). This is allowed in C/C++ but Python/Swig gives me a > TypeError. Is there a way to let swig call A(1) and pass it to C++ > automatically? I understand that I define "void func(int a) { > func(A(a)); }" but I really do not want to do this to all such > functions. Use: %implicitconv A; Details in the CHANGES file. William


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My Little Pony felt Mask Pinkie Pie Applejack by MTBrownBear
Felt masks that fit toddler to child. Elastic is laying flat and is adjustable,. We have so many masks that may not be listed here, so if you are looking fo
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DIY My Little Pony Masks with Printable Templates - illistyle


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Mumbles Duathlon
Swansea Triathlon
Mumbles Tri
Taff Kids
Long Course Weekend
Junior Long Course Weekend
Wales Swim
Wales Sportive
Wales Full & Half Marathon
Wales 10k
Wales 5k
Wales Triathlon
Gower Triathlon
Fancy Dress Tri
Saundersfoot Sprint
breaking news
Our 2018 Event Guide is Here…
Mumbles Duathlon Race Report
April 6th, 2018 | by
Sarah Wills
The Mumbles Duathlon took place on the 24th March. Now you have got over the shock of the first event of the season, let's recap… The event consisted of 2 distances the Sprint (Long) – 5k run/32k bike/5k...
International Women's Day
March 8th, 2018 | by
Sarah Wills
Today is International Women's Day and we thought we would have a chat with some of our Female athletes and see what they had to say about their experiences in Triathlon. Meet our 4 ladies – Tracy Markham Alex Rees...
Saundersfoot Triathlon Profile
January 30th, 2018 | by
Sarah Wills
What – Saundersfoot Triathlon When – 8th September 2018 Where – Saundersfoot, Pembrokeshire Distance – 750m Swim, 20k Bike & 5k Run Price – £45 Where to enter –...
Long Course Weekend Profile
January 9th, 2018 | by
Sarah Wills
What – Long Course Weekend When – 13th – 15th July 2018 Where – Tenby, Pembrokeshire Distance – 2.4m Swim, 112m Bike, 26.2 Run Price – From £219 for Normal entry or £249 for VIP Charity...
10 Steps to becoming a Triathlete
January 4th, 2018 | by
Sarah Wills
10 easy steps to help you become a Triathlete… 1, Dispel your Fears… 2, Sign up for your first race… 3, Get the gear… 4, Follow a Training Plan … 5, Overcome your fear of the Swim …...
Gower Triathlon Profile
December 15th, 2017 | by
Annie Lewis
Gower Triathlon Profile What: Gower Triathlon When: 30th June 2018 Where: Port Eynon, Gower Distance: 1.5k Swim, 37k Bike, 10k Run (Olympic Distance) Price: At the moment, £45 Where to enter: www.gowertriathlon.com Why you...
Wales Triathlon Profile
December 8th, 2017 | by
Annie Lewis
Wales Triathlon Triathlon Profile What: Wales Triathlon When: 16th June 2018 Where: Fishguard Distance: Middle: 1.2 mile Swim, 56 mile Cycle, 13.1 mile Run. Sprint: 750m Swim, 13 mile Cycle, 3 mile Run. Price: Middle: £129,...
Swansea Triathlon Profile
November 29th, 2017 | by
Annie Lewis
Swansea Triathlon Profile What: Swansea Triathlon When: 20th May 2018 Where: Swansea Distance: One distance, 750m Swim, 20km Cycle, 5km Run Price: £59, relay £75 Where to enter: www.swanseatriathlon.com/enter-now/ Why you...
Mumbles Duathlon Profile
November 22nd, 2017 | by
Annie Lewis
Mumbles Duathlon Profile What: Mumbles Duathlon (Run, Bike, Run) When: 24th March 2018 Where: Mumbles Bay, Swansea Distance: Long; 5k, 32k, 5k. Short; 5k, 21k, 3k Price: At the moment £45 Where to...
5 Of The Best Things About Triathlon Off Season!
November 9th, 2017 | by
Annie Lewis
5 Of The Best Things About Triathlon Off Season Rest Yes, use this time to rest, recuperate and recover. Take this time and spend it with family and friends the ones you may have neglected due to your triathlon training (we all...
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Nice feature on @WalesOnline for the #swanseatriathlon. Secure your place now as places are filling fast -… https://t.co/oQV8xgEEEn
4 weeks ago
RT @diswithpride: First of many!!! she hasn't taken it off all weekend! Thank you @aweventsteam #medalmonday #mumblesduathlon https://t.co/…
4 weeks ago
We are at the #ntawales2018 awards at Celtic Manor Resort. Good luck to everyone!
2 months ago
No More places left for the Mumbles Duathlon. https://t.co/QLCI2q9eCt
2 months ago
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