text:
Dr. Erik Hoekstra is the fourth president of Dordt. Born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, he is no stranger to the role of president of a Christian college. His father served as president of Trinity Christian College in Palos Heights, Illinois, when he was growing up, and his father-in-law was president of Trinity during his college years.
Dr. Hoekstra received his bachelor's degree in history and philosophy from Trinity Christian College, his master's degree in international management from The Rotterdam School of Management of Erasmus University in the Netherlands, and his Ph.D. in organizational learning and human resource development from Iowa State University.
Prior to being appointed as president of Dordt he has been involved in leadership development, executive coaching, organizational consulting, industrial construction, wholesale distribution and retail management, as well as teaching business courses at Dordt, and, most recently, serving as provost of Dordt. As a result of these experiences, he has co-authored publications on coaching, delegation, servant leadership, and change management.
During Dr. Hoekstra's time as provost, Dordt programs in nursing, engineering, and agriculture grew substantially, and new programs in worship arts, construction management, and actuarial science were launched. Athletic programs have grown in size and quality, as have international programs and international student enrollment. Dr. Hoekstra played a key partnership role with student services to design and build Kuyper Apartments, an award-winning student residence hall opened in 2010.
He has reshaped Dordt's academic structure, chaired the Enrollment Management Team, and worked closely with the advancement office and president on the Beyond Jubilee: Vision 2020 Campaign as well as Building the Sciences, a two-phase campaign to improve the science and technology facilities and laboratories on campus.
Dr. Hoekstra is passionate about Dordt and the education it offers to students. He is an innovator who champions Dordt's historical roots as it moves forward in today's cultural context. As president, Dr. Hoekstra wants people to find Dordt an intriguing and inviting Christian college that is humbly and hospitably Reformed.
"The core of our educational mission will always be to glorify God as a distinctively Christian, operationally excellent college that attracts quality faculty members, eager students, and enthusiastic supporters," he says. He is committed to helping Dordt maintain a vibrant mission; providing strong leadership; cultivating excellent, mission-oriented faculty members; and capably overseeing the college's ongoing financial stability.
Dr. Hoekstra is also passionate about bringing joy and meaning to work. He strives to "create an environment where those who are being led are being served." Doing so, he believes, not only creates the conditions where people can thrive in fulfilling their calling, but also makes a stronger institution. He has been actively involved in leadership training over the past several years and expects to continue to do so in the years ahead.
Dr. Hoekstra is married to Dr. Barb Hoekstra, an education professor at Dordt with a bachelor's degree from Trinity, a master's from Western Michigan University, and an Ed.D. from the University of South Dakota. Their family includes Arie, Max, Karl, and Zoe.
DR. ERIK HOEKSTRA: FOURTH PRESIDENT OF DORDt
Dr. Erik Hoekstra, named the fourth president of Dordt on April 20, 2012, along with his wife, education professor Dr. Barb Hoekstra, talks about his vision for the future of Dordt.


text:
This is something I made a really long time back. It was inspired by a recipe I came across on the Hershey's website.
(For approximately 6 medium and 12 mini muffins)
Dry ingredients:
2/3 cup all-purpose flour
1/3 cup cocoa powder
1 oz packet of mint flavored sipping chocolate
½ tsp baking powder
¼ tsp salt
Wet ingredients:
2 eggs
¾ cup brown sugar (adjust according to taste)
¼ cup oil
¼ cup buttermilk
¾ cup raspberries (for folding into the batter)
Powdered sugar (for dusting)
Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F. Line the muffin pans with paper liners. Place 2-3 raspberries at the bottom of each muffin cup.
In a large bowl, mix together the dry ingredients. In a separate bowl, mix together the wet ingredients. Add the wet ingredients to the dry ingredients and mix well till the whole batter comes together. (Too much mixing will result in brownies that are too dense/heavy.) Gently fold in the remaining raspberries.
Fill muffin cups 2/3 full with batter. Bake for 18-20 minutes (check after 15 minutes) or until a wooden toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.
Remove from muffin pan, cool slightly, top with a dusting of powdered sugar and serve.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
At the suggestion of a Genealogy Blogger, Randy Seaver at Genea-Musings this Blog will provide a way for me to keep track of what Tombstone's that I have posted here and which ones I have posted to Find-A-Grave.
Over the years, I have several hundred photographs, taken with a digital camera and are in my files. I started the project of taking digital photos to record information for my wife for her ancestors. I created a website for her and posted the pictures here. http://home.comcast.net/~russ.worthington/patti/ There are 10 cemeteries posted there. Not sure how many photos are there, but that will be a piece of my current project. That is, tracking what has been posted and where.
That was before Blogging and our cemetery visits have been reduced as we have most of the photos we wanted.
The Genealogy Blogging Community, in http://www.geneabloggers.com/ and on Facebook challenged us to use our Blogs to share our photographs of Tombstone's and stories on Tuesday. There is a Logo to the right of this message about The Grave Yard Rabbits Association that is another group of researchers who share their research.
For some time, Find-A-Grave has been "out there" doing a similar project. That is getting photographs of tombstones Online.
So, how I have too many places to "put stuff". Oh, did mention that I want these photo's to show up in my genealogy software.
Another challenge to the Genealogy Blogging Community was to get organized in 2009 and there is a monthly reminder to Back Up your files. These two challenges reminded me that I had about 200 3.5 Floppy Disks (remember them) that need to get these photos on CD's or other media. How many PC's have Floppy Drives today.
Off to my local office supply store for a USB Floppy Drive. Then spent a number of hours copying the files from the Floppies to my Hard Drive. Of the 75 floppies done so far, 3 are reported bad, but haven't given up on them yet.
In the midst of this, Find-A-Grave sent me an email requesting that I take a couple of photos at the request of a Find-A-Grave reader. Almost, Genealogy Over Load. In fulfilling that photo request, I remembered (re-descovered) that Find-A-Grave had a tool for us to use. It's an EXCEL spread sheet that can be downloaded, the submitted when complete. It can be found on the Find A Grave Spreadsheet Template website. The answer to the the Genealogy Over Load is there for me.
I have created a spreadsheet, based from that Template, for each cemetery that I have. Filling out the information on that spreadsheet with the information from the photographs on my computer, printing that form, will show me information that needs to be filled in from my Genealogy software. For printing purposes, the EXCEL file name and Cemetery Name are included in the Header of the spreadsheet. Since this is a spreadsheet, three columns were added. Tombstone Tuesday, Find-A-Grave, and my genealogy software.
Once this spreadsheet is printed, filling in the blanks from my geneal0gy software. The blanks being the full name, birth and death dates, Plot information, Inscription, and notes are filled in.
Since the use of TAGs, in this Blog will help identify what has ready been posted, a review of each cemetery will be easy to check off. Find-A-Grave provides the list of photos that have been posted, another blank will be filled in. After the online work is done, then inserting the photos in my genealogy program will complete this organizing.
All of the tombstone photos are filed together in one folder on my computer. The file naming that was chosen is:
The EXCEL files are also saved in this folder on the computer.
The list of what has been complete and another "To Do List" is generated, but organized.
This is a work in progress, at this point, but it's working so far.
Note: there will be an Edited version of the EXCEL file will be used to upload to Find-A-Grave, removing the information in the file that is not needed by Find-A-Grave.
Questions, Comments, or Suggestions would be greatly appreciated.
Over time, I have taken pictures of Headstones of my wife's ancestors and my own. I will share them here. Information that is available will be posted as well. A Member of the Association of Graveyard Rabbits. The use of the Labels will help Identify Surnames and Cemeteries. Selecting a Cemetery will show the Tombstones from that Cemetery. Selecting a Surname will bring up Tombstones for that Surname. The Cemetery will be listed on each Blog Post.
Thursday, April 16, 2009
Tombstone Tuesday and Find-A-Grave
Posted by Cousin Russ at 8:28 AM 2 comments Links to this post
Labels: EXCEL, FHIG, FindAGrave, General, Grave Yard Rabbits
Tuesday, April 14, 2009
Tombstone Tuesday - Worthington Plot
Birmingham Meetinghouse Cemetery
1245 Birmingham Road
West Chester
Chester County
Pennsylvania USA
Postal Code: 19382
Posted by Cousin Russ at 4:00 AM 0 comments Links to this post
Tombstone Tuesday - Worthington, Robert Morgan
Posted by Cousin Russ at 3:00 AM 0 comments Links to this post
Tombstone Tuesday - Highley, Anna (Worthington)
Posted by Cousin Russ at 2:00 AM 0 comments Links to this post
Labels: BIRMINGHAM-LAFAYETTE PA, Highley, Worthington
Tombstone Tuesday - Worthington, Mariella (Cheyney) (1887 - 1970)
Posted by Cousin Russ at 1:00 AM 0 comments Links to this post
Labels: BIRMINGHAM-LAFAYETTE PA, Cheyney, Worthington
Tombstone Tuesday - Worthington, Henry Russell (1887 - 1956)
Posted by Cousin Russ at 12:00 AM 0 comments Links to this post
Monday, April 13, 2009
Tombstone Tuesday - Birmingham Meetinghouse Cemetery
Also known as: Birmingham Meetinghouse Cemetery
1245 Birmingham Road
West Chester
Chester County
Pennsylvania USA
Postal Code: 19382
Posted by Cousin Russ at 11:00 PM 0 comments Links to this post
Labels: BIRMINGHAM-LAFAYETTE PA, CEMETERY LIST
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)


text:
Landmark News Service
In a grueling one-year process, five Eminence Independent teachers found they - like their students - have many lessons to learn. All achieved National Board Certification, a rigorous multi-faceted process that gives them one of the highest teaching distinctions in the nation.
"This is a great staff," said Eminence Principal Dr. Steve Frommeyer, of all the district's teachers. And all the teachers being certified demonstrates this."
If you currently subscribe or have subscribed in the past to the Henry County Local, then simply find your account number on your mailing label and enter it below.
Click the question mark below to see where your account ID appears on your mailing label.
|ZIP Code:


text:
Cam Newton's on-field demeanor once again is a talking point for the Carolina Panthers.
Wide receiver Steve Smith lit into Newton late in the Panthers' 36-7 loss to the New York Giants on Thursday night, unhappy the quarterback chose to sit on the bench after being lifted in favor of Derek Anderson late in the fourth quarter.
"I watched D.A. and Jimmy (Clausen), they don't play in 20-something games last year," Smith said Friday, via Joe Person of the Charlotte Observer. "And they get up and they observe and learn and get those mental reps," Smith said. "I told him, 'You can get some mental reps or you can sit on that bench and sulk.' "
According to Person, Smith said he's more concerned about development of Newton as a man than a leader. Newton won't be made available to the media until next Wednesday.
Panthers coach Ron Rivera said the conversation between the players "is between them." Rivera noted that Smith is a team captain.
"Cam Newton has a very unique opportunity to be a franchise quarterback to an organization that needs one," Smith said. "Statistics don't lie. Athletic quarterbacks, they either excel or they fail. And I told Cam that."
This was not an expected talking point for the Panthers on Friday morning, but then again, they didn't expect to be obliterated at home by a undermanned Giants team, either.
Last December, offensive linemen Ryan Kalil and Jordan Gross asked Newton to improve his body language and control negative emotions during games. At the time, Newton said, "I have to change it, and I'm trying to change it."
He might not be trying hard enough.
Follow Dan Hanzus on Twitter @danhanzus.


text:
**** Pre-Registration for the following classes is open until 10pm on June 30th
Here is another tea box I made using Let's Do Lunch My Timeless Template. As well I used the Tea For Two stamp set fort he settiment on the bottom corner of the box.
Other supplies used:
paper: chocolate chip, wild wasabi, groovy guava, retired dsp
ink: whisper white craft ink
other: sun punches, daisy punches, wide chocolate chip grosgrain ribbon, punch bunch tools
and that is Kristin. She said


text:
Instead of asking for gifts like most girls turning nine, Rachel Beckwith only asked that her friends and family donate to Charity: Water so that more children would live to see their fifth birthday. When her own birthday arrived on June 12, she had raised $220 — a very admirable amount, but $80 short of her goal.
Sadly, Rachel was involved in a serious car accident. She spent three days in the hospital before passing away on July 23, 2011, just a little more than a month after her ninth birthday.
In the days following, thousands of people visited� Rachel's Charity Water Page to donate money to her campaign and leave messages for Rachel and her family. On the page, Rachel wrote about her reason for starting the fundraising campaign:
"On June 12th 2011, I'm turning 9. I found out that millions of people don't live to see their 5th birthday. And why? Because they didn't have access to clean, safe water so I'm celebrating my birthday like never before. I'm asking from everyone I know to donate to my campaign instead of gifts for my birthday. Every penny of the money raised will go directly to fund freshwater projects in developing nations. Even better, every dollar is "proved" when the projects are complete, and photos and GPS coordinates are posted using Google Earth. My goal is to raise $300 by my birthday, June 12, 2011. Please consider helping me."
Though it is sobering to read this message in light of Rachel's passing, there is much inspiration to be taken from the comments beneath it. Thousands of people have donated, and beside their donations they have left their sympathies and well wishes.
UPDATE: Her initial campaign is now closed. The final donation total was 1,265,823.
Rachel's mother Samantha posted a message thanking everyone for their donations and kind words:
"I am in awe of the overwhelming love to take my daughters dream and make it a reality. In the face of unexplainable pain you have provided undeniable hope. Thank you for your generosity! I know Rachel is smiling!"
More than $160,000 worth of the donations were raised by Rachel's church. It was at this church that Charity: Water's co-founder came to speak, thus inspiring Rachel to start her campaign. Visit� Rachel's Charity: Water for information on how you can help continue the legacy left by 9 year old girl.


text:
We are your Chicago Team Building Specialists
Not in Chicago? Team building activities near you
You're busy. You need to find an awesome group activity for your next corporate event, you need to get it planned right away, and you need to trust that it will be a hit with your colleagues AND your boss!
Every day we help people just like you at companies big and small in Chicago by providing fun, captivating and flexible activities designed to keep your employees entertained, engaged and motivated.
Fun team building group activities. These are fun, easy going team building ideas, designed to generate smiles and laughter amongst your group.
We'll work with you to create the perfect event for your group. We can tailor any of our existing programs or work with you to come up with something completely new!
Contact our team at 312-380-0490 or 1-877-713-7238 to discuss what you're looking for and experience for yourself why people who organize corporate events for the most successful companies in Chicago trust us with their team building activity needs.
Whether you have a large group of 1,000 plus, or something much smaller, we can help. Need a detailed proposal right away? That's our specialty.


text:
During today's Rays-Royals game, pitcher Alex Cobb was hit in the head by a line drive that came off of Eric Hosmer's bat. He left the field on a stretcher.
UPDATE: The initial outlook looks good.
Per the excellent @TampaBayTK, Alex Cobb was hit in right ear, conscious the whole time, "all signs are good for now."
— Jonah Keri (@jonahkeri) June 15, 2013
Photo: J. Meric/Getty Images


text:
Who am I? That is the question most of us ask ourselves at one point or the other. Sometimes it's during our adolescence, when we are filled with hopes and dreams for a fairy-tale like future. Sometimes it's during a sober midlife phase. There are nuances to it as well.
One can emphasize those three words to conjure up different possible answers. The answer depends on a number of factors, such as what mood we are in when we answer the question, or, more often, why we are asking ourselves this question. There are many environmental, situational, or social factors that shape and contribute to who we are, who we want to be, and who we actually become. Add to that an additional dimension of who others perceive us to be. Often our own self-image and the way the world sees/thinks of us are not in sync.
This post is about a journey of self-discovery that I have taken over the years.
- Gender: Woman
- Background: Studied to be an electrical engineer. Managed to complete a doctorate in computer science.
- Ethnicity: Indian. As a child, travelled all over the different states of India.
- Nationality: Swedish. Moved with family to the beautiful country of Sweden over 15 years ago.
- Family: A loving husband and two lovely children. A couple of rabbits and a dozen fishes.
- Hobbies: Loves cooking, sightseeing, and reading books.
Imagine being an Indian girl aspiring to be an engineer more than two decades ago in India. That was not very popular by society's standards. My father got a lot of discouragement from friends and relatives because he dared to let his daughter study to be an engineer.
I wanted to be a computer scientist. I fell in love with a computer when I first saw a picture in a magazine in the late '80s. As luck would have it, I only managed to secure a place in electrical engineering. That didn't deter me. I thought this was as good a step to begin with as any other. I focused on taking electives and additional courses from computer science.
At university, I experienced professors telling me and others like me that we were wasting a precious engineering seat. In the final year, going through campus interviews, I was told - "Sorry, we can't hire you, since we do not intend to hire a bodyguard for you". At this point, I wondered who I was. A qualified electrical engineer with a predilection for computers, not good for anything.
Anyway, I got an apprenticeship with a software development consultancy firm and spent a few months finally learning and working with computers. I still recall the celebration we did at the office when the first Pentium processor-1GB RAM desktop was brought in. The backbreaking balance-sheet report writing that needed to be printed on a dot matrix printer - where we had to painstakingly code "I" to mark the columns in the printout. Phew!! (Today we have come a long way from those initial days of getting into the "digital' world.) Those were happy days!! Who was I then? - A budding computer programmer.
Following Indian tradition, I got married, and then took a brief hiatus. We moved to Sweden, since my husband had a job here. For a period of time, the only identity I had was as Mrs. so and so. That wasn't exactly what I had dreamt to be. But, being a foreigner and non-Swedish speaking person, there were not many welcoming arms for a software professional. So I set out to overcome those two obstacles.
I went to Swedish-language courses and then, by some weird stroke of destiny, ended up writing to a renowned professor at the Royal Institute of Technology asking to be a doctoral student. I will forever be grateful to the kind professor who took me under his wing and guided me for the next five years. Those were exciting years. I had the joy of working with researchers from across the world. I also had the opportunity of seeing the world of students from across the table. I also was a student counselor -coaching and advising master's students on different combinations of courses and career paths.
So, who was I? - A good wife, good mother, good researcher-- maybe not necessarily in that order. But was that good enough? Or should I say, did I feel that I had everything I set out to be? Not quite.
One day, I applied for a position at Accenture, a global professional services company. To be honest, when I joined, more than 9 years ago, I didn't know where I was headed or how long I would be there or what I would do there.
My Swedish skills, though quite improved, are still not as fluent as a native speaker. Coming from a different country and background, it's sufficient to say that I am different from the majority.
My linguistic skills are the least of my differences. My research background imbued me with a different approach and outlook to solve problems. I got to experience the flexibility of work and life. I didn't have to feel guilty being a working mom. I could learn and experiment with new computer solutions. I could have new challenges to solve, and yet have the ability to pace myself.
Today I work as a solution architect and love every moment of the day. I look forward to each day with trepidation and expectation. I enjoy being part of a team that puts together new solutions and engages in dialogue with our clients. So, now -- Who am I? Professionally, I am part of a network of connected individuals. All the other input parameters are just attributes of a whole.
We can be who we are, learn to grow, to motivate and be motivated. So, why did I write this post? My story is surely reflected in many of us. We all journey through the ups and downs in life. Many a time, we would have questioned ourselves. Many a time, we would have felt ourselves floating rudderless. It is not easy to accept or look beyond superficial differences, to welcome and absorb the multitude of diversity that the human race has to offer.


text:
One of the biggest divorce money fights seen in an English court has ended.
Financier Sir Chris Hohn and his estranged American wife Jamie Cooper-Hohn cannot agree who should get what share of a fortune said to run into hundreds of millions of pounds.
Lawyers today completed final legal submissions after a private hearing which began nearly two weeks ago in the Family Division of the High Court in London.
Judge Mrs Justice Roberts said she would deliver a ruling on a date to be fixed.
Sir Chris and Mrs Cooper-Hohn, who both gave evidence, are fighting over assets totalling more than £700 million.
He says she should get a quarter of their fortune. She says she should get a half because the wealth was created as a result of their ''partnership''.
Mrs Justice Roberts allowed journalists to attend the trial but placed limits on what could be reported.
She had heard how the couple, both thought to be in their late 40s, had separated in 2012 after being married for more than 15 years.
Sorry we are not currently accepting comments on this article.


text:
Hey ladies! I am back with another makeup look. Today I was feeling a little vintage and decided to go for a Marilyn Monroe Inspired makeup look. I studied and looked up many photographs taken of Marilyn and put together this look. She always wears a very classic red lip, with bright white eyes. Her makeup is always classic, bold, and romantic. If you guys like my look or have any suggestions for future makeup posts please leave me a comment down below! Thanks for reading and love always Pearlsnheels ❤
Here's The Products I Used, Incase You Want To Re-create it 🙂
- Be A Bombshell Lipgloss in Hot Mess on my lips
- Boots No7 in 10 New Ivory for foundation
- Jordana Best Lash Extreme Mascara in Black on my lashes
- L.A Colors Eye crayon in Sea Shell on my waterline
- Maybelline Fit Me Pressed Powder in 110
- Meet Matt eyeshadow on my brows
- Some black eyeliner, white eyebrow highlight, and some light brown eyeshadow in your crease
Related articles
- Summer Marilyn Monroe Look (lorenaslooks.wordpress.com)
- Marilyn Monroe Finger Puppet and Magnet (neatorama.com)
- Amazing People: Marilyn Monroe (reasonsxtoxlive.wordpress.com)
- Seriously, Why Are We So Obsessed With Marilyn Monroe? (crushable.com)
- Marilyn Monroe Style Mannequin for sale @ $300 (mannequinmadness.com)
- Marilyn Monroe Make Up Tutorial (cliodhnascullymakeup.wordpress.com)
- Go inside Marilyn Monroe's wardrobe (fashion.telegraph.co.uk)
- Dee Money's "Marilyn Monroe" Video Out On June 8 (glitzghana.com)


text:
কোম্পানি বিবরণ
Jining Fuyuan Fruits And Vegetables Co., Ltd.
Why the price of ginger going up sharply?
The price of ginger has already risen sharply during this week due to the floods struck the ginger planting area last weekend. It's hard to collection raw material of ginger from market since the...


text:
How To Debunk A Fact-Free Fox News Fearmongering Piece About New Video Game
from the a-few-options deptI'm admittedly late to the game in discussing the (unintentionally) hilarious Fox News fearmongering attack on the new video game BulletStorm, that (among other things) quotes someone suggesting that it will lead children to rape women because certain actions in the games (which includes no sex) include "sexual" names. For example, shooting someone's torso off is called "topless," while killing a bunch of enemies in one shot is called a "gang bang." A bunch of folks submitted this story last week, but I only had a chance to read it now, and... wow. It's a "classic" in the almost totally fact-less genre of how video games will lead children to their doom.
Since I'm so late to the story, rather than directly going through all of the laughable (or downright false) claims directly, I'll simply point to three of the best debunkings that were done to show you how to properly debunk this type of thing:
- There's the straightforward debunking, done by folks like Winda Benedetti at MSNBC, which calmly and rationally responds to many of the claims that Fox News reporter John Brandon made in the original review (or quoted people to make). For example, Brandon quotes Carole Lieberman, a psychologist, who claims that "The increase in rapes can be attributed in large part to the playing out of [sexual] scenes in video games." The only problem? As video games have become more popular, rape rates have gone down.
- If that's not enough of a debunking, John Walker, over at the RockPaperShotgun blog went with a dig deeper debunking, in which he contacted folks quoted by Brandon in the article, and discovered (surprise, surprise) that Brandon appears to have selectively chosen his quotes in at least some of the cases, to make "experts" say something quite different than what they really said. Walker got the full email interview that Brandon did with Billy Pidgeon, a video game analyst with M2 Research, which Brandon uses to suggest that the game won't sell well, since people aren't interested in such violence. But that's not what Pidgeon said at all. In fact, Brandon mixed and matched parts of Pidgeon's answer to have him "say" something quite different than what he actually said. On top of that, Walker's research shows the way that Fox News approached this story, asking incredibly leading questions.
Update: In the comments, Patrick points out that Walker has posted another "dig deeper" debunking of Carole Lieberman's "research" to attempt to prove her claims. It's a long and thorough takedown.
- And, finally, we have the absolutely epic takedown debunk, as done by Eddy at Botchweed, where he did a giant image of the entire Fox News piece, overlayed with his own commentary (including a chart showing the rape rates declining next to the quote mentioned above). Here's just a snippet of the image, but you should see the whole thing:
Filed Under: bulletstorm, debunking, fearmongering, fox news, video games


text:
Meet some of the 20+ million people who completed the CliftonStrengths assessment -- formerly Clifton StrengthsFinder -- and use their results to maximize their potential at work and everywhere else.
Gallup research finds that people who use their CliftonStrengths are more engaged and productive at work and 3x more likely than others to have an excellent quality of life.
Managers & Team Leaders
The best managers boost individual and team performance using CliftonStrengths. In fact, nearly 7 in 10 employees who say their manager focuses on their strengths are engaged.
A strengths-based approach is essential for creating an exceptional workplace culture. That's why more than 90% of the Fortune 500 companies use CliftonStrengths.
Students succeed when they discover what's strong in themselves, instead of focusing on what's wrong. Discover how educators from K-12 through higher education can help students thrive by using their CliftonStrengths.
How to Discover Your CliftonStrengths
Stop trying to be more of who you're not, and start focusing on what naturally makes you powerful and unique. Maximize your potential with CliftonStrengths 34 -- the proven way to live your strongest life possible. Learn More
- Your complete profile of all 34 CliftonStrengths
- Strategies to use your top CliftonStrengths to succeed
- Tools to understand and manage your weaknesses
- New interactive e-learning module ($39.99 value)
- New comprehensive CliftonStrengths 34 report
- Digital copy of bestseller StrengthsFinder 2.0 ($19.99 value)
- Strengths Insight Report
- Signature Themes Report
- Theme Sequence Report
- Action-planning tools and other exclusive resources
For those who want a basic understanding of what they do best. Learn More
- Partial results (CliftonStrengths 1-5)
- Strengths Insight Report
- Signature Themes Report
Join the CliftonStrengths Movement
Don Clifton's strengths-based approach to management and leadership powers the greatest teams in the world's most successful organizations every day.
They know that the CliftonStrengths assessment is essential for empowering people to set and achieve their goals and accomplish great things. People who know and use their CliftonStrengths are:
6x as likely to be engaged at work
7.8% more productive in their role
3x as likely to have an excellent quality of life
6x as likely to do what they do best every day
It isn't until people know what makes them talented and unique that they know how to perform better in their job. Or how to find one that's a better fit. And to build better relationships and be a better teammate. And to feel like they're improving, every single day.
Whether you're an individual looking to improve or a leader wanting to empower your people to perform better, your efforts start with CliftonStrengths.
Take the Assessment From StrengthsFinder 2.0
At Gallup, we recently began shifting the brand from StrengthsFinder to CliftonStrengths.
We're changing the name of the engine that powers strengths-based development around the world.
The CliftonStrengths assessment is the same online assessment that millions of people have used to tap into their talents to succeed.
It's the same assessment invented by Don Clifton. Through his pioneering research and bestselling books like StrengthsFinder 2.0, the former Gallup chairman and inventor of CliftonStrengths brought the power of positive psychology to every corner of the world.
For his efforts, the American Psychological Association honored Clifton with a Presidential Commendation as the Father of Strengths-Based Psychology.
His CliftonStrengths assessment is the one that identifies a person's unique sequence of 34 themes of talent and shows people how to succeed by developing them into CliftonStrengths.
But CliftonStrengths is more than an assessment.
CliftonStrengths is a movement fueling better performance in workplaces around the world.
Led by expert coaches who complete Gallup's CliftonStrengths learning and development curriculum, teams and entire organizations use CliftonStrengths to maximize human potential by developing people to become great at what they're naturally good at.
Because no matter what people want to achieve, their infinite potential rests in what they do best.Buy CliftonStrengths 34
Take Your CliftonStrengths Anywhere
Harness the power of your CliftonStrengths assessment results no matter where you are or who you're working with. Download the app today to:
- purchase and complete the assessment
- learn how to apply your CliftonStrengths in any situation
- share your CliftonStrengths results with your social network


text:
I start a new lets play of the newly released GT Cars DLC. Starting my own team and starting from the bottom can i make it in the cutthroat world of Motorsport?
My GT Series DLC Impressions : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p0TdSCFyZT8
Schedule : https://i.imgsafe.org/903d8c37a9.jpg
Twitter : https://twitter.com/TwinBarrelJay
Motorsport Manager :
Become the manager of a high-performance motorsport team. Motorsport Manager is a highly detailed, best-in-class management game for fans of motorsport. You'll hire the drivers, build the cars and embed yourself in the dynamic world of motorsport.
GT Cars DLC :
The GT Pack brings a fresh and exciting challenge, expanding our world of motorsport to the thrilling environment of closed-wheel racing! Managers can fight it out in two series, the proving ground of the GT Challenger Series and the prestigious International GT Championship, with both championships populated with new teams, drivers and staff.
TwinPlays Motorsport Manager GT Series - #31 Time To End?
Copyright © 2019 RaceDepartment.com
XenGallery by sonnb


text:
St. Joseph Hospital is a values-based Catholic health care provider with a tradition of and commitment to excellence, based on the vision of the Sisters of St. Joseph of Orange. The hospital's strong belief in the intrinsic dignity of each person commits it to be a just employer to its 3,800 employees; to provide healthcare for the whole person, body, mind and spirit; and to collaborate with the 1,000-member medical staff and other health care providers to increase access to quality health care.
As an awarding-winning medical group, we offer a diverse group of physicians that represent the finest primary care programs available. Our physicians value the relationship they have with each of their patients and encourage each patient to play an active role in disease prevention and management.
St. Joseph Hospital is committed to building a healthy partnership between you and your doctor. By encouraging you to take an active role in your own wellness, we work together so you get the most from your healthcare experience.


text:
While no one at AutoWeek would ever condone drinking and driving, kicking back with a few while playing your favorite racing simulator is a different story. And if you're going to go down that road, go all the way with the Octane 120 Pro Beer Arcade from Dream Arcades.
What is a Beer Arcade, you ask? It's a high-end gaming PC, full driving controls and a beer tap in one unit. Do you really need to know more?
From a gaming perspective, the unit comes loaded with a dozen driving sims, an HD projector for wall display, a fully adjustable steering wheel and seat, dual motor force feedback and variable resistance on the pedals.
For the thirsty, the setup holds either two five-gallon kegs or a half-barrel, which then runs to an in-dash beer tap located directly above a cupholder so you can pour while you play.
Is it the ultimate bachelor pad prop? Perhaps, but save your pennies: At $5,995 plus shipping and handling, a PS3 and a case of Pabst will have to do for most of us.
Want to know more? Visit www.dreamarcades.com for a full rundown.


text:
Islamic State releases video of Baghdadi in Mosul in new assertion of authority
The Islamic State on Saturday released a video of what it said was its leader, Abu Bakr al Baghdadi, directing Friday prayers in one of Mosul's oldest mosques, a bold display not only of the group's military control over Iraq's second largest city but also of its claim to religious authority.
In the video, Baghdadi is referred to as the Caliph Ibrahim, emphasizing his role as head of the Islamic caliphate, which the group announced a week ago in the area it controls in Syria and Iraq and to which, it claims, all Muslims owe their allegiance.
"God gave your mujahedeen brothers victory after long years of jihad and patience . . . so they declared the caliphate and placed the caliph in charge," Baghdadi said. "This is a duty on Muslims that has been lost for centuries."
A resident of Mosul reached by phone said that Baghdadi and his entourage arrived at the Great Nurridin Mosque, which dates to 1142 A.D., without advance notice and that his security detail occupied the first row of worshipers, apparently wearing explosive vests. The resident, who used to work at the mosque but cannot be otherwise identified for security reasons, said the group displayed the flag of the Islamic State.
In an apparent security precaution, cell phone service throughout the city was cut off for several hours Friday afternoon, other residents reported.
The appearance of Baghdadi at such a public gathering underscored the transition that the Islamic State, once a shadowy terrorist group most recently known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, is making to assert itself as a sovereign entity. Before the release of the video, the only known images of Baghdadi were grainy photos released by the Iraqi government or displayed on a U.S. wanted poster offering a $10 million reward for his capture.
The video, however, was an indication that Baghdadi's days in the shadows are over. It was shot in high definition, making it seemingly easy for U.S. authorities to verify that he is the man they called Abu Dua on his wanted poster and whose "biometric" data presumably was collected during the five years or so when he was a prisoner at the U.S. military's Camp Bucca detention center in Iraq.
U.S. officials offered no comment.
Charles Lister, an expert on Iraqi and Syrian extremist groups at the Brookings Institution's center in Doha, Qatar, said the appearance was filled with historical references and was an important assertion of authority.
"That Baghdadi has chosen this time _ the first Friday after his declaration of the caliphate, during Ramadan, and in Mosul's Great Mosque _ is, of course, very symbolic," Lister said. Baghdadi's dress _ he wore a black kaftan and black turban _ "very closely replicates that of the Abbasid caliphs," Lister said, giving him "at least to his support base, an image of understated authority."
The Abbasid caliphs ruled an area that stretched from present-day Iran to Libya from the 8th Century to the 12th Century. The various Abbasid capitals over the years included not just Baghdad, but also Samarra, the Iraqi city where Baghdadi was born in 1971, and Raqqa, the Syrian city that until the fall of Mosul June 10 was believed to be the Islamic State's administrative headquarters.
Lister said it would be hard to overstate the importance of Baghdadi's appearance in jihadist circles. "Put simply, one of the most wanted men on earth was able to travel into central Mosul and give a 30-minute sermon in the most venerated mosque in the largest city under control of the most notorious jihadist group of our time," he said.
By appearing publicly as he did, Lister said, Baghdadi was likely hoping to win "more expansive support from within the world's community of jihadist ideologues and conservative Salafist clerics."
"Putting a face to a name gives the Islamic State a far improved chance of acquiring the pledges of allegiance that it now so desperately seeks," he said.
In keeping with that interpretation, the Islamic State now refers to Baghdadi by his real name, Ibrahim Awwad al Badri, or Caliph Ibrahim, an apparent effort to overcome initial skepticism expressed by mainstream Sunni Muslim scholars, who doubted the validity of the newly declared caliphate, in part, because Baghdadi had declared himself the leader of the world's 1.2 billion Muslims without ever appearing in public.
Al Badri has been widely reported by the Iraqi media to hold a doctorate in Islamic law from Baghdad University and is often referred as a "doctor" by supporters. He was said to be a preacher in small conservative mosques in Baghdad and Samarra prior to the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003.
Caliph Ibrahim, as he was introduced, spoke from the pulpit, or minbar, of the Nurridin Mosque _ a famously ornate mosque that holds significant historical importance to Sunni Muslims. It is famed for its leaning minaret and was once visited by Ibn Battuta, a famed 14th Century explorer from North Africa who over a period of 30 years is said to have visited all of the Muslim world, from Africa to Asia.
Baghdadi's sermon focused on the ongoing Muslim holy month of Ramadan and the role of both internal and external jihad for Muslims during this period.
But Baghdadi also directly addressed his position as caliph _ which historically would make him the leader of all Muslims, but for which he has only narrow acceptance among adherents of Islam's most militant strain, known as Salafi jihadism. That strain calls for a return to a society that closely follows the conduct of the Prophet Muhammad and his earliest companions in the 7th century.
The video catches Baghdadi moving slowly to the minbar, possibly encumbered by body armor or a suicide explosive belt, which he and other Islamic State leaders are widely said to wear at all times to prevent capture. He can be seen cleaning his mouth with a miswak, a small piece of wood said to be preferred by Mohammed for dental care, before be began his speech, which was in eloquent classical Arabic favored by religious leaders and rarely heard outside of public speaking by the highly educated.
With the establishment of a caliphate under his leadership, the Islamic world will return to "dignity, might, rights and leadership," he said. "I am the wali (leader) who presides over you, though I am not the best of you, so if you see that I am right, assist me."
But in an effort to perhaps appease Muslims and scholars from schools of thought that are deeply uncomfortable with just about every aspect of his group's philosophy of Takfirism, or the violent excommunication of Muslims considered improperly devout or misguided, he attempted to offer some willingness to talk, assuming such discussion is followed by obedience.
"If you see that I am wrong, advise me and put me on the right track, and obey me as long as I obey God in you," he said.
In an additional attempt to justify both the timing of declaring an Islamic caliphate, as well as citing religious precedent for his leadership of it, Baghdadi used the notion of a defensive jihad to liberate occupied Muslim lands as a qualification for his claim to be the "prince of the faithful." Mosul's previous government, he said, was doubly heretical, dominated by Shiite Muslims, whom his group rejects, and who came to power under a parliamentary system that also runs counter to Islamic law.
His declaration that the Muslim duty to declare a caliphate "had been lost for centuries" was an open criticism of al Qaida and the conservatives who support it, who while openly supporting the idea of a caliphate, had said it could not be established until Western-backed governments had been defeated and Muslims unused to the idea of religious rule had been properly prepared.
Al Qaida's leadership and the previously powerful jihadi Salafi establishment has yet to respond to the Islamic State's declaration of the caliphate or Baghdadi's Ramadan message issued Tuesday, in which he called upon all Muslims to travel to the new state, which spans large parts of Iraq and Syria.
Supporters of Baghdadi have been quick to mock al Qaida's older leadership. One Islamic State supporter said on Twitter that al Qaida leader Ayman al Zawahiri has never liberated a major Muslim city though jihad, let alone led prayer in public. An estimated 12 million people now live in areas under the Islamic State's control on both sides of the Syria-Iraq border, which the Islamic State has said no longer exists.
The Mosul resident and former Narrudin Mosque worker said that most of the city's clerics have pledged allegiance to Baghdadi and that the Islamic State now dictates the content of Friday sermons.
Prothero is a McClatchy special correspondent. Contributing to this report were McClatchy special correspondents Mousab Alhamadee in Istanbul and Mohammed al Dulaimy in Columbia, S.C.


text:
by Pete Mazzaccaro
A crowd of some 50 spectators joined VFW post 5205 in Chestnut Hill as it conducted its annual Memorial Day ceremonies today.
Every year the post pays tribute to fallen soldiers at the Vietnam War memorial at Buckley Park, The World War II memorial at the Water Tower on Ardleigh Street and the Word War I memorial at Winston Road and Germantown Avenue.
Following the ceremony, members of the post planned on a lunch at their headquarters, 8217 Germantown Avenue.
The video below features VFW Post commander James McCafferty and Chaplain Thomas Brunt conducted the World War II ceremony, which was followed by a rifle salute.


text:
GameHitZone.com - Games For Free!
English | Русский | Español | Français | العربية | Português | Deutsch
Download Free Game Underground Fight Club
3d fighting game. The rules of the underground fights are very simple. Anyone can take part in the fight. There are only one-on-one fights. You can hit your opponent wherever you want and how you want. Do not use any handy objects. The weight does not matter. Fights take place one after another. Welcome to the Fight Club! And more importantly, do not tell anyone about the Fight Club!


text:
Asked by J. Johnston, U.S.
I am curious about the working relationship of therapist and patient. I have always been aware that there is a boundary. But I also think it is human nature to make assumptions. So, of course, I make assumptions based on the way my therapist responds to some of my comments. The bad thing is that I don't feel I can ever ask if my assumptions are correct since some of them would be somewhat personal. On the other hand, I sometimes think this information would be helpful to know because I think I would trust the therapist a little more (since education and life experience are two different things). I know with my previous therapist I made several assumptions that I now know are wrong. Because of those assumptions, I feel like it slowed my progress down. So, what is that line? Can I ask questions, knowing that although I can't have, nor do I need to know, all the details of my therapist's personal life, can I ask basic information to try go get a better understanding of my therapist?
Mental Health Expert
Dr. Charles Raison
Emory University Medical School
You are asking one of those all important questions that is seldom discussed, and you are thinking about the issue with remarkable clarity.
I wish I could give you an answer of equal clarity, but alas, one of the reasons this issue is not often discussed is because it is so complex and potentially problematic.
To some degree all psychotherapies are built upon a knowledge differential between patient and therapist.
The therapist is in the relationship to focus on the patient and to provide knowledge and/or guidance of one sort or other, depending on the type of therapy. The patient is in the relationship to focus on him or herself and to attempt to use the interaction with the therapist to "get well" or at least better.
Freud -- the inventor of psychoanalysis -- recognized early on that this imbalance made the therapeutic relationship much different than any other type of adult relationship.
When was the last time you willingly spent extended periods of time with someone who only talked about themselves? In the case of psychotherapy the balancing element is the fact that the patient pays the therapist, so that quid pro quo is established.
A powerful result of this arrangement is that the therapist typically retains a fair amount of anonymity.
In some types of psychotherapy -- for example traditional psychoanalysis -- this anonymity is considered to be essential to the treatment because it allows the patient to project his or her fantasies on the therapist without the realities of the therapist's personality intruding.
When successful, the therapist becomes a stand-in for early parental figures. Because this process is viewed as essential, most psychoanalysts won't answer direct questions about themselves but will rather use the questions as a chance to explore further the patient's fantasies about the therapist.
In other types of therapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, the anonymity of the therapist is far less essential to the way the process is believed to work.
As a result, cognitive behavioral therapists are typically far more willing to answer questions about themselves, especially if providing an answer is perceived as being of potential benefit to the patient.
In your particular case, I do have some advice, which is that you ask your therapist exactly what you asked me and be prepared for any type of response, recognizing that what you get back from the therapist will be dictated as much by the type of therapy you are in as by your relationship with the therapist.
But one word of warning. The psychotherapeutic relationship can be profoundly powerful, but it is always to some degree built on an illusion, because the therapist is also a human being and therefore has problems of his or her own.
Sometimes seeing these vulnerabilities can empower a patient, other times it can weaken what was previously a powerful tool for therapeutic change.
By the way, this is not a new problem. Tibetan Buddhists counsel against getting too familiar with a guru for fear of seeing their human failings.
More than 200 years ago, the great English author Samuel Johnson wrote that anyone who is deeply moved by a work of literature and then goes to meet the author in person has only himself to blame when he is sorely disappointed by what he finds. Johnson reminds his readers that if the author wasn't struggling with the same issues as the reader he never would have set them down in print.
Previous question:
Can depression cause inability to focus?« Back to Mental Health
Next question:
My son hears suicidal voices. What can I do?
CNN Comment Policy: CNN encourages you to add a comment to this discussion. You may not post any unlawful, threatening, defamatory, obscene, pornographic or other material that would violate the law. All comments should be relevant to the topic and remain respectful of other authors and commenters. You are solely responsible for your own comments, the consequences of posting those comments, and the consequences of any reliance by you on the comments of others. By submitting your comment, you hereby give CNN the right, but not the obligation, to post, air, edit, exhibit, telecast, cablecast, webcast, re-use, publish, reproduce, use, license, print, distribute or otherwise use your comment(s) and accompanying personal identifying and other information you provide via all forms of media now known or hereafter devised, worldwide, in perpetuity. CNN Privacy Statement.
The information contained on this page does not and is not intended to convey medical advice. CNN is not responsible for any actions or inaction on your part based on the information that is presented here. Please consult a physician or medical professional for personal medical advice or treatment.


text:
(CNN) -- Police have found evidence that "strongly indicates" a 12-year-old boy who was witnessed being snatched by a crocodile in a remote part of Australia was killed in the attack.
"No specifics will be given in relation to the trauma or type of evidence located out of respect for the family," acting police commander Michael White said in a statement Tuesday.
The family of the boy -- who would have returned to school Tuesday after the summer break -- have been informed, a spokeswoman for the Northern Territory police, Rebecca Forrest, told CNN.
"As expected they're grieving," Forrest said. "But the evidence is there that he's deceased."
As search crews continued to gather evidence Tuesday, shoot-to-kill orders remained in place for crocodiles longer than two meters around the small community where the attack occurred.
Three animals have been killed so far, ranging from 2.5 to 4.7 meters in length, Forrest said.
The boy had been swimming with four other children in a water hole near Mudginberri in the Northern Territory's Kakadu National Park on Sunday afternoon, when a saltwater crocodile attacked the group.
One of the boys, aged 15, was bitten by the animal but managed to escape. The crocodile then turned on his friend, aged 12, said police sergeant Stephen Constable.
"The 15-year-old boy was grabbed on his right arm. He started fighting off the croc, and it took him by the left arm; then it let him go and took hold of the 12-year-old boy, and swam off with him."
Police officers and park rangers have been using helicopters and boats to search the area since the attack occurred.
A crocodile expert who examined the first boy's wounds, believed the crocodile was between 2.5 to three meters long (around eight to nine feet), Constable said.
Search crews have also been looking for larger crocodiles that may have attacked the one that took the 12-year-old.
"On occasion a smaller crocodile may take some food, and a bigger crocodile will take it off them," said Constable.
According to local media reports, people had been warned against swimming in the area after a teenager survived an attack by a five-meter-long crocodile in the region in January last year.
Constable said this time of year is particularly dangerous due to seasonal flooding.
Australian boy says kangaroo saved him
Coroner rules dingo to blame for Australian baby's death
CNN's Pierre Meilhan contributed to this report.


text:
So last night I log in to knock of some quests and do some rep dailies.
There appeared to be some issues since the patch:
- Lag….intermittent but pretty bad
- Outfitter….broken
- Auctioneer….broken
I could have played around trying to fix the addons but decided these little annoyances don't matter, they will be fixed in due course. I had worked out how to add an item to an outfitter set by playing a little bit.
So I decide why sit and complain about the lag and the broken addons. Use my time to something usueful and knock of the easy daily rep quests on my list.
The other night I realised the I had aligned with Oracles too early. Frenzyheart have no real rewards that have an ongoing interest ot me. I wouldn't even bother with them as a faction past the quests within the basin accept for the achievments. Oracles have their ongoing easter egg with a possibility of picking up Reins of the Green Proto-Drake .
Wanting to knock off the achievement for both I decide its time to kill Artruis the Heartless and realign with Frenzyheart for a bit. Better to bite the bullet whilst oracles rep was low. I'll be aligned with oracles into the future with the low drop rate for the proto-drake, plus the added bonus of be able to sell the pets.
When I got there Artruis was immune from all attacks. No one was around. Surely he will reset in a jiffy. Alas no joy.
Perhaps I can level my weapons. Sure enough Artruis is the greatest Rope-a-dope artist there is. He just takes a pounding. I expected him to strike back at any moment and squash me like a bug but he gleefully took it all.
It became apparent that he was bugged. Time to get some acheivements sorted:
- Somebody order a knuckle sandwich….tick
- Master of Arms…tick
- Polearm which was just opened to druids on the same day….400 skill…tick.
Many people came past. At the peak there was almost a dozen people leveling weapons.
He was still bugged this morning so it looks like it may be the case on other realms. I'm sure blizz are aware, but they have bigger fish to fry.
Being a 77 elite you seem to level real weapon skills super quick. Sure the last couple of points take a bit. But this fastest way I've found to level these skills.
Go take your frustrations out a bondage specialist and level those unused weapon skills. Just be careful with the AFK's
Cheers and beers
Dave the bug lover


text:
If you are considering part exchanging your current vehicle we are able to provide you with a quote.
For an accurate quote please contact us on 01829 741 700 or complete our part exchange form below. One of us will contact a selection of trade buyers to secure the best possible price for your vehicle.
If you would like to enquire about part exchange on the please complete the form below giving as much detail as possible.
Please complete all fields marked with an asterisk *
We are authorised and regulated by the finance conduct authority for credit brokerage, FRN 659479 we are a credit broker not a lender.


text:
Optimizing Bone Health and Calcium Intakes of Infants, Children, and Adolescents
Most older children and adolescents in the United States currently do not achieve the recommended intake of calcium. Maintaining adequate calcium intake during childhood and adolescence is necessary for the development of peak bone mass, which may be important in reducing the risk of fractures and osteoporosis later in life. Optimal calcium intake is especially relevant during adolescence, when most bone mineral accretion occurs. Because of the influence of the family's diet on the diet of children and adolescents, adequate calcium intake by all members of the family is important. Assessment of calcium intake can be performed in the physician's office. A well-rounded diet including low-fat dairy products, fruits, and vegetables and appropriate physical activity are important for achieving good bone health. Establishing these practices in childhood is important so that they will be followed throughout the life span.
National survey data consistently show that most US children older than 8 years fail to achieve the recommended intake of calcium1–4 (Fig 1). Maintaining adequate calcium intake during childhood and adolescence is necessary for the attainment of peak bone mass, which may be important in reducing the risk of fractures and osteoporosis later in life.3,4
Approximately 99% of total body calcium is found in the skeleton, with only small amounts found in the plasma and extravascular fluid. The primary need for dietary calcium is for bone mineral deposition. Hypocalcemia and calcium-deficiency rickets are uncommon in healthy infants, children, and adolescents. Overall calcium homeostasis is maintained by the actions of calcium-regulating hormones, which most notably include parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Calcium is absorbed in the intestine by both passive and active processes, the active process being more important in situations in which dietary calcium intakes are suboptimal. The ability to respond to low calcium intakes is limited, however, and active absorption does not compensate for low intake. The active process requires vitamin D, which emphasizes the fact that good bone health requires satisfactory intakes of both calcium and vitamin D. The current recommended adequate vitamin D intake for all infants (including those who are breastfeeding), children, and adolescents is 200 IU per day (5.0 μg per day).4,5
Optimizing calcium intake is particularly important during adolescence. Peak calcium-accretion rate is attained at an average of 12.5 years of age in girls and 14.0 years of age in boys.6 During the 3- to 4-year period of increased bone mass acquisition that occurs during adolescence, 40% of total lifetime bone mass is accumulated. A recent review of controlled trials reported an increase in the bone mineral content in adolescents who have received calcium supplementation.7 However, available data suggest that if calcium is supplemented for short time periods (ie, 1–2 years), there may be no long-term benefit in attaining and maintaining a maximum peak bone mass.7 This emphasizes the importance of establishing dietary practices in childhood that promote adequate calcium intake throughout life. Unfortunately, long-term studies demonstrating the anticipated benefits of maintaining the recommended calcium intakes from childhood and adolescence throughout adulthood are not available. However, epidemiologic data, as reviewed by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), support the prevailing view that maintaining such a diet will achieve optimal bone mass accretion in adolescence, thereby reducing the degree of osteoporosis in adulthood.4
Recent observational data support the possibility that low bone mass may be a contributing factor to fractures in children. A relationship between the adolescent growth spurt (corresponding to peak accrual rate of bone mass) and risk of fractures has been shown.8,9 Wyshak and Frisch10 were the first to report that high calcium intakes were associated with a protective effect against fractures in adolescent boys and girls. Goulding et al11 reported lower bone mass at multiple sites in a group of 100 girls who were 3 to 15 years of age with distal forearm fractures compared with age-matched control girls. For the 11- to 15-year-old girls in this study, a lower calcium intake was reported for those with fractures compared with control subjects.11 In addition, a 4-year follow-up of these same girls continued to show an increased rate of bone fractures in the group with lower calcium intake.12 In boys between 3 and 19 years of age with distal forearm fractures, Goulding et al13 also reported lower bone mass at multiple sites compared with age-matched control boys. These same investigators have also found an increased number of childhood fractures in children who avoided drinking milk.14,15 Additional prospective studies on the relationship between calcium intake and fractures are needed before the magnitude of increased fracture risk at different calcium intake levels can be fully assessed. However, currently available evidence suggests that low calcium intakes may be an important risk factor for fractures.10–15
In addition to the calcium and vitamin D content of the general diet, other dietary factors are important to maximize retention of dietary calcium. Dietary substances that may decrease retention include alcohol, caffeine, oxalates, phytates (eg, in soy), and protein. The effect of dietary protein on calcium balance is complex. Although dietary protein increases urinary calcium excretion by increasing the total acid load from protein metabolism, recommended intakes of dietary calcium take into account the typical protein intake of the population.16 Adjusting calcium intake on the basis of protein intake generally is not recommended for children and adolescents.4 Dietary sodium is also an important factor in the renal excretion of calcium, because sodium and calcium share the same transport system in the proximal tubule.16 Although there are some concerns about the negative effects of high salt consumption (eg, from salty snacks) on calcium excretion in children, current recommendations for calcium intakes in children do not vary on the basis of sodium intake.4 There is also evidence that dietary intake of potassium and bicarbonate, largely obtained from fruits and vegetables, will decrease urinary calcium excretion, because potassium and bicarbonate can override the hypercalciuric effect of dietary sodium-chloride loading.17 Thus, given the various aspects of the diet that influence bone health, good dietary practices that begin in childhood and are followed throughout the life span are important.
Weight-bearing exercise also plays a role in achieving maximal peak bone mass, but data to quantify the effect are limited. There is evidence that childhood and adolescence may represent an important period for achieving long-lasting skeletal benefits from regular exercise.18,19 For example, Welten et al20 showed that regular weight-bearing activity had a greater influence on peak bone mass than did dietary calcium intake in children. In general, studies support that moderate weight-bearing activity, such as running or jumping, has a more positive effect on bone mass than do non–weight-bearing activities such as swimming, which have minimal physical strain on bone.21 It is still unclear whether a given level of calcium intake influences the degree of benefit derived from physical activity on bone mass or whether exercise alone, independent of calcium intake, improves bone mass.18,19 Additional research is needed to examine the combined effects of calcium and exercise.
Although overweight and obesity are factors that have been associated with increased bone density, there are data that support an increased incidence of fractures in children who are overweight.10–12,14,15 This may be explained in part by recent observations that longitudinal calcium intake is negatively correlated with body fat percentage and BMI in children.14,22,23 Overweight children also have lower bone mass and bone area (as measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) relative to their body weight than do children with healthy body weight, which may predispose overweight children to fractures.24 Exercise, an important factor for optimizing bone health, is also important in the prevention of obesity,25 and overweight children often have decreased physical activity compared with controls.12
The calcium needs for different age groups depend on the varying physiologic requirements for calcium during development. Adequate calcium intakes are affected by many variable factors including age, gender, physical activity, and multiple dietary considerations. Genetic and ethnic variability are important also. The interactions of these factors make it impossible to recommend a single adequate calcium intake for all children.4 The specific requirements for adequate calcium intake by infants, children, and adolescents were reviewed extensively by a panel of experts for the NAS Food and Nutrition Board in 1997.4 A summary of their recommendations is shown in Table 1 and discussed in the following sections.
The optimal source of calcium during the first year of life is human milk. No evidence shows that exceeding the calcium intake of the exclusively breastfed term infant during the first 6 months of life (210 mg per day) or the intake of the breastfed infant supplemented with solid foods during the second 6 months of life (270 mg per day) is beneficial to achieving long-term increases in bone mineralization. Available data demonstrate that the bioavailability of calcium from human milk is greater than that from infant formulas (58% and 38%, respectively).26 Thus, the concentration of calcium in infant formulas is increased relative to human milk to ensure at least comparable levels of calcium retention. Relatively greater calcium concentrations are found in specialized formulas, such as soy formulas and casein hydrolysates, to account for the lower bioavailability of the calcium. Research data are not available to justify the use of even higher levels of calcium in infant formula for term infants. Whole milk is not recommended for infants under 12 months of age, although yogurt and cheese can be introduced after 6 months. At present, calcium intake seems adequate in infants born at term in the United States (Fig 1), with most infants achieving almost 100% of the recommended adequate intake. This is not true in any other age group.
Preterm infants, on the other hand, have higher calcium requirements than do term infants. These needs may be met by using human milk fortified with commercially available fortifiers or specially designed formulas for preterm infants with increased calcium and vitamin D concentrations.27 After discharge from the hospital, there may be benefits to providing formula-fed preterm infants with special formulas that have higher calcium concentrations rather than those of routine cow's milk–based formulas for term infants.28 The optimal calcium concentrations and length of time that such formulas should be used are unknown, and although increases in bone mineralization can be demonstrated in the short-term, long-term benefits have not been proven.
Children 1 to 8 Years of Age
Few data are available concerning the calcium requirements of children between infancy and the onset of puberty. Total calcium retention for weight is relatively low in toddlers compared with other age groups. An intake of 500 mg per day is recommended between 1 and 3 years of age. The optimal intake increases as the onset of puberty approaches. Most available data indicate that calcium intake levels of approximately 800 mg per day are associated with adequate bone mineral accumulation in prepubertal children (4–8 years of age). The benefits of a higher intake in this age group have not been studied adequately.4 Important in this age group is the development of dietary practices that will be associated with adequate calcium intake later in life.
Preadolescents and Adolescents 9 to 18 Years of Age
Most research in children regarding optimal calcium intakes has been directed toward 9- to 18-year-olds, with the preponderance of studies having been performed in females. The efficiency of calcium absorption is increased during puberty, and most bone mineralization occurs during this period.6,29,30 Data from studies of calcium balance suggest that for most healthy children in this age range, the maximum net calcium balance is achieved with an intake of approximately 1300 mg per day. At intakes above this level, almost all of the additional calcium is excreted and of no benefit. At intakes below this level, the skeleton may receive less calcium than it can use, and peak bone mass may not be achieved.4,31–33 Virtually all the data used to establish this intake level are from white children. Few data are available from other racial groups. There are data indicating that compared with white adolescents, black adolescents use dietary calcium more efficiently and may achieve comparable peak bone masses with less calcium intake.34
Upper Intake Levels of Calcium
The tolerable upper intake levels of calcium in infants (0–12 months of age) is not known.4 One study found no effect on infant iron status from calcium intakes of 1700 mg per day using calcium-fortified infant formula.35 For children 1 through 18 years of age, the NAS has recommended a maximum calcium intake of 2500 mg per day.4 Although data on calcium toxicity in this age group are limited, high calcium intake in small children may increase the risk of zinc and iron deficiency attributable to the adverse affect of calcium on the absorption of these minerals.4
The proportion of children who achieve the recommended adequate calcium intake declines dramatically after the second year of life, reaching its nadir between the ages of 12 and 19 years (Fig 1). This nadir occurs during the period in which accumulation of bone mineral is at its peak and calcium requirement is highest (Table 1). Documented mean intakes in this age group are approximately 700 to 1000 mg per day, with values at the higher side of this range occurring in males.2,4,6 A preoccupation with being thin is common among females in this age group, as is the misconception that all dairy foods are fattening. Children, adolescents, and parents may not be aware that low-fat milk contains at least as much calcium as whole milk. However, studies in adolescent females do not consistently find that dieting is associated with lower calcium intake.36,37
Suboptimal intakes of calcium in children and adolescents may be related to the replacement of milk intake by soft drinks and fruit juices and/or fruit drinks.38–40 Soft-drink consumption peaks in adolescence, at which time milk intake is at its lowest level.40 Only 10% of adolescent girls achieve the recommended adequate dietary intake of calcium of 1300 mg per day (Fig 1).
Primary lactose intolerance may be a problem for some populations. It is more common in children of African, Mexican, American Indian, and Asian descent than in white children.41,42 Many children with lactose intolerance can drink small amounts of milk without discomfort, especially when accompanied by other foods. Intolerance of the consumption of 250 mL or less of milk is rarely seen in preadolescents, and the addition of small amounts of lactose-containing food to the diet may decrease the severity of lactose intolerance.41 Other alternatives include the use of fermented dairy products such as hard cheese and yogurt, which may be tolerated better than milk. Lactose-free and low-lactose milks are available. Nondairy food products (such as certain vegetables) or calcium-supplemented foods (including calcium-fortified soy milk) may be used as other calcium sources, especially for vegetarians who do not consume dairy products (Table 2).
Parental intakes and practices influence their children's intakes. Maternal consumption of milk predicts the milk intake of young female children.43 A recent study of adolescents shows that parents infrequently serve as role models for drinking milk, especially for older girls.44 Thus, family dietary behavior should be considered when encouraging adolescents to drink milk.
More data are needed to establish the "optimal" level of calcium retention at different ages and determine the effects of development on calcium balance.4 This is particularly true for children between 2 and 8 years of age. Multiple approaches are used to assess calcium requirements in children. These approaches include (1) measurement of calcium balance with various levels of calcium intake with or without use of calcium stable isotopes methodology,32,33,45 (2) measurement of bone mineral content by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry or other radiographic techniques in groups of children before and after calcium supplementation,46,47 and (3) epidemiologic studies of the association of fracture incidence in children with bone mineral content or relating bone mass and/or fracture risk in adults to childhood calcium intake.10–15,48,49 None of these approaches are useful in the office setting.
In the office setting, calcium intake and risk factors for suboptimal bone health can be assessed with the questions listed in Table 3 combined with the information shown in Table 2. Because family attitudes and behavior are important considerations, the questions should be asked of both the child and parent/guardian. In addition, family history should be explored for osteoporosis, because this will be very important in assessing the child's future risk and, thus, the urgency for achieving adequate calcium intake and bone health. This questionnaire should be administered at least 3 times during well-child visits (1) at 2 or 3 years of age, after the infant is no longer taking human milk or formula, (2) during preadolescence (8–9 years of age), and (3) during early adolescence, when peak accumulation of calcium occurs.
Although the easiest way to achieve adequate calcium intake is to consume 3 servings of dairy products per day (4 servings per day for adolescents), healthy dietary practices are based on the overall pattern of food intake over an extended period of time, not on the intake of a single meal or a single day.
Inadequate calcium intake in a child or adolescent is a family problem. If the parent is not achieving the recommended calcium intake, it is unlikely that the child is achieving the recommended intake.43,44 The adequate calcium intake for adults between 19 and 50 years of age is 1000 mg per day (Table 1).
Knowledge of dietary calcium sources is important for increasing the intake of calcium-rich foods. Table 2 shows typical amounts of calcium for some common food sources. The largest source of dietary calcium for most persons is milk and other dairy products, which accounts for 72% of the calcium in the US food supply.50 Sixty-five percent of the dietary calcium intake in children in the United States is supplied by dairy products.51 Drinking three 8-oz glasses of milk per day (or the equivalent; see Table 2) will achieve the recommended adequate intake of calcium in children 4 to 8 years of age, and four 8- to 10-oz glasses of milk (or the equivalent) will provide the adequate calcium intake for adolescents. Yogurt and cheese are also good sources of calcium. Flavored milks, cheeses, and yogurt brands containing reduced fat or no fat and modest amounts of added sweeteners (both caloric and noncaloric) are generally recommended. It is important to note that there is relatively little difference in the calcium content of reduced-fat dairy products compared with whole milk–derived products.
Although dairy products are the most common calcium-dense foods in Western diets, there are no long-term follow-up data that demonstrate that they are superior to other sources of calcium in promoting bone health. Alternative sources of calcium are important for children and adolescents who do not drink milk (Table 2). Most vegetables contain calcium, although at relatively low density. Thus, large servings are needed to equal the total intake achieved with typical servings of dairy products (Table 2). The bioavailability of calcium from green vegetables generally is high, especially if the oxalate content is low, as in broccoli and collard greens (Table 2). In spinach, the high oxalate content makes the bioavailability of calcium very poor.52,53 Some high-phytate foods such as whole bran cereals and soy foods also may have poor bioavailability of calcium.52,53
Several products have been introduced that are fortified with calcium. Orange and apple juice may be fortified to achieve a calcium concentration similar to that of milk. Limited studies of the bioavailability of the calcium in juice suggest that it is at least comparable to that of milk.54 Breakfast cereals also are frequently fortified with minerals, including calcium, and this form has been shown to be very bioavailable.55 A soy beverage, unless fortified with calcium, is not a good source, because the bioavailability of calcium is low.56 If one relies on calcium-fortified foods or nondairy foods that are low in vitamin D, then another source of vitamin D is needed to provide the adequate intake of 200 IU per day (5.0 μg per day).4,5 Orange juice can also be fortified with vitamin D in addition to calcium.
Calcium intakes on food labels are indicated as a percentage of the "daily value" in each serving. This daily value is currently set at 1000 mg per day, which is the adult requirement (up to 50 years of age). Therefore, it is important to instruct families about reading and interpreting food labels, because they may not be appropriate for the age of their children.
For children and adolescents who cannot or will not consume adequate amounts of calcium from preferred dietary sources, the use of calcium supplements should be considered. Although the bioavailability of calcium varies in supplements, it may be comparable to or greater than that in dairy products.57 The most commonly available products contain calcium carbonate and supply 300 to 600 mg of elemental calcium per tablet. Some mineral supplements also contain vitamin D. Decisions about their use must be made on an individual basis, keeping in mind the usual dietary habits of the person, any individual risk factors for osteoporosis, and the likelihood that the use of the supplement will be maintained. If achieving the adequate calcium intake is a significant problem, then consultation with a registered dietitian should be sought.
Pediatricians can actively promote bone health and support the goal of achieving adequate calcium intakes by children and adolescents by promoting the recommended adequate intakes of the Food and Nutrition Board of the NAS4 (Table 1). The prevention of future osteoporosis and the possibility of a decreased risk of fractures in childhood and adolescence should be discussed with patients and families as potential benefits for achieving these goals.
Physical activity, primarily weight-bearing exercise, is encouraged as part of an overall healthy bone program.
Currently, the average dietary intake of calcium by children and adolescents (Fig 1) is well below the recommended levels of adequate intake (Table 1). Information regarding calcium content of various foods should be given to patients and families for whom calcium intake seems inadequate. A registered dietitian may be consulted for a more thorough assessment of diet and to make the necessary recommendations to improve calcium.
Inadequate calcium intake by the child or adolescent is a family issue. Adequate intake of dietary calcium should be encouraged for all family members (Table 1).
In the office setting, calcium intake can be assessed periodically with a simple questionnaire. Suggested ages for screening are 2 to 3 years of age, after the transition from human milk or formula; 8 to 9 years of age during preadolescence; and again during adolescence, when the peak rate of bone mass accretion occurs. Targeted questions are suggested (see Table 3) to assess calcium intake, general diet, and lifestyle practices relevant to bone health.
The most common sources of calcium in the Western diet are milk and other dairy products. Whole milk is not recommended until after 12 months of age, although yogurt and cheese can be introduced after 6 months. Low-fat dairy products including skim milk and low-fat yogurts are good sources of calcium. Nondairy calcium-rich foods are the next preferred source, although the calcium in soy products has low bioavailability. Calcium supplements are another alternative source, but these products do not offer the benefits of other associated nutrients, and compliance may be a problem. Most people can achieve the recommended dietary intake of calcium by eating 3 age-appropriate servings of dairy products per day (4 servings per day for adolescents) or the equivalent.
The diet of all infants (including those who are breastfeeding58), children, and adolescents should include the recommended adequate intakes of vitamin D (200 IU [5.0 μg] or 500 mL of vitamin D–fortified formula or milk per day4,5) as well as fruits and vegetables that are sources of potassium and bicarbonate, which may improve calcium retention.
Committee on Nutrition, 2003–2004
Nancy F. Krebs, MD, Chairperson
Robert D. Baker, Jr, MD, PhD
Jatinder J.S. Bhatia, MD
Frank R. Greer, MD
Melvin B. Heyman, MD
Fima Lifshitz, MD
Donna Blum-Kemelor, MS, RD
US Department of Agriculture
Margaret P. Boland, MD
Canadian Paediatric Society
William Dietz, MD, PhD
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Capt. Van Saxton Hubbard, MD, PhD
National Institutes of Health
Susan J. Walker, MD
US Food and Drug Administration
Pamela T. Kanda, MPH
All clinical reports from the American Academy of Pediatrics automatically expire 5 years after publication unless reaffirmed, revised, or retired at or before that time.
The guidance in this report does not indicate an exclusive course of treatment or serve as a standard of medical care. Variations, taking into account individual circumstances, may be appropriate.
- ↵US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Data tables: results from USDA's 1994–96 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals and 1994–96 Diet and Knowledge Survey.1999. Available at: www.ars.usda.gov/services/docs.htm?docid=7760. Accessed December 21, 2005
- ↵Suitor CW, Gleason PM. Using dietary reference intake-based methods to estimate the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake among school-aged children. J Am Diet Assoc.2002:102 :530– 536
- ↵NIH Consensus conference. Optimal calcium intake. NIH Consensus Development Panel on Optimal Calcium Intake. JAMA.1994;272 :1942– 1948
- ↵Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: National Academy Press;1997
- ↵Gartner LM, Greer FR; American Academy of Pediatrics, Section on Breastfeeding and Committee on Nutrition. Prevention of rickets and vitamin D deficiency. Pediatrics.2003;111 :908– 910
- ↵Bailey DA, Martin AD, McKay HA, Whiting S, Mirwald R. Calcium accretion in girls and boys during puberty: a longitudinal analysis. J Bone Miner Res.2000;15 :2245– 2250
- ↵Wosje KS, Specker BL. Role of calcium in bone health during childhood. Nutr Rev.2000;58 :253– 268
- ↵
- ↵Parfitt AM. The two faces of growth: benefits and risks to bone integrity. Osteoporos Int.1994;4 :382– 398
- ↵Wyshak G, Frisch RE. Carbonated beverages, dietary calcium, the dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio, and bone fractures in girls and boys. J Adolesc Health.1994;15 :210– 215
- ↵Goulding A, Cannan R, Williams SM, Gold EJ, Taylor RW, Lewis-Barned NJ. Bone mineral density in girls with forearm fractures. J Bone Miner Res.1998;13 :143– 148
- ↵Goulding A, Jones LE, Taylor RW, Manning PJ, Williams SM. More broken bones: a 4-year double cohort study of young girls with and without distal forearm fractures. J Bone Miner Res.2000;15 :2011– 2018
- ↵Goulding A, Jones IE, Taylor RW, Williams SM, Manning PJ. Bone mineral density and body composition in boys with distal forearm fractures: a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry study. J Pediatr.2001;139 :509– 515
- ↵Black RE, Williams SM, Jones IE, Goulding A. Children who avoid drinking cow milk have low dietary calcium intakes and poor bone health. Am J Clin Nutr.2002;76 :675– 680
- ↵Goulding A, Rockell JE, Black RE, Grant AM, Jones IE, Williams SM. Children who avoid drinking cow's milk are at increased risk for prepubertal bone fractures. J Am Diet Assoc.2004;104 :250– 253
- ↵Weaver CM, Proulx WR, Heaney R. Choices for achieving adequate dietary calcium with a vegetarian diet. Am J Clin Nutr.1999;70 (3 suppl):543S–548S
- ↵Morris RC, Frassetto LA, Schmidlin O, Forman A, Sebastian A. Expression of osteoporosis as determined by diet-disordered electrolyte and acid-base metabolism. In: Burckhardt P, Dawson-Hughes B, Heaney RP, eds. Nutritional Aspects of Osteoporosis. San Diego, CA: Academic Press;2001:357– 378
- ↵Bailey DA, McKay HA, Mirwald RL, Crocker PR, Faulkner RA. A six-year longitudinal study of the relationship of physical activity to bone mineral accrual in growing children: the University of Saskatchewan bone mineral accrual study. J Bone Miner Res.1999;14 :1672– 1679
- ↵Weaver CM. Calcium requirements of physically active people. Am J Clin Nutr.2000;72 (2 suppl):579S–584S
- ↵Welten DC, Kemper HC, Post GB, et al. Weight-bearing activity during youth is a more important factor for peak bone mass than calcium intake. J Bone Miner Res.1994;9 :1089– 1096
- ↵Cromer B, Harel Z. Adolescents: at increased risk for osteoporosis? Clin Pediatr (Phila).2000;39 :565– 574
- ↵Carruth BR, Skinner JD. The role of dietary calcium and other nutrients in moderating body fat in preschool children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord.2001;25 :559– 566
- ↵Skinner JD, Bounds W, Carruth BR, Ziegler P. Longitudinal calcium intake is negatively related to children's body fat indexes. J Am Diet Assoc.2003;103 :1626– 1631
- ↵Goulding A, Taylor RW, Jones IE, McAuley KA, Manning PJ, Williams SM. Overweight and obese children have low bone mass and area for their weight. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord.2000;24 :627– 632
- ↵American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Nutrition. Prevention of pediatric overweight and obesity. Pediatrics.2003;112 :424– 430
- ↵Fomon SJ, Nelson SE. Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and sulfur. In: Fomon SJ. Nutrition of Normal Infants. St Louis, MO: Mosby-Year Book, Inc;1993:192– 218
- ↵Schanler RJ, Abrams SA. Postnatal attainment of intrauterine macromineral accretion rates in low birth weight infants fed fortified human milk. J Pediatr.1995;126 :441– 447
- ↵Bishop NJ, King FJ, Lucas A. Increased bone mineral content of preterm infants fed with a nutrient enriched formula after discharge from hospital. Arch Dis Child.1993;68 :573– 578
- ↵Ellis KJ, Abrams SA, Wong WW. Body composition in a young multiethnic female population. Am J Clin Nutr.1997;65 :724– 731
- ↵Abrams SA, Grusak MA, Stuff J, O'Brien KO. Calcium and magnesium balance in 9–14-y-old children. Am J Clin Nutr.1997;66 :1172– 1177
- ↵Matkovic V, Ilich JZ. Calcium requirements for growth: are current recommendations adequate? Nutr Rev.1993;51 :171– 180
- ↵Jackman LA, Millane SS, Martin BR, et al. Calcium retention in relation to calcium intake and postmenarcheal age in adolescent females. Am J Clin Nutr.1997;66 :327– 333
- ↵Matkovic V, Heaney RP. Calcium balance during human growth: evidence for threshold behavior. Am J Clin Nutr.1992;55 :992– 996
- ↵Bryant RJ, Wastney ME, Martin BR, et al. Racial differences in bone turnover and calcium metabolism in adolescent females. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.2003;88 :1043– 1047
- ↵Dalton MA, Sargent JD, O'Connor GT, Olmstead EM, Klein RZ. Calcium and phosphorus supplementation of iron-fortified infant formula: no effect on iron status of healthy full-term infants. Am J Clin Nutr.1997;65 :921– 926
- ↵Barr SI. Dieting attitudes and behavior in urban high school students: implications for calcium intake. J Adolesc Health.1995;16 :458– 464
- ↵Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, Dixon LB, Renick MD, Blum RW. Correlates of inadequate consumption of dairy products among adolescents. J Nutr Educ.1997;29 :12– 20
- ↵American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Nutrition. The use and misuse of fruit juice in pediatrics. Pediatrics.2001;107 :1210– 1213
- Frary CD, Johnson RK, Wang MQ. Children and adolescents' choices of foods and beverages high in added sugars are associated with intakes of key nutrients and food groups. J Adolesc Health.2004;34 :56– 63
- ↵Rampersaud GC, Bailey LB, Kauwell GP. National survey beverage consumption data for children and adolescents indicate the need to encourage a shift toward more nutritive beverages. J Am Diet Assoc.2003;103 :97– 100
- ↵American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Nutrition. Carbohydrate and dietary fiber: lactose. In: Kleinman RE, ed. Pediatric Nutrition Handbook. 5th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics;2003:250– 252
- ↵American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Nutrition. Practical significance of lactose intolerance in children: supplement. Pediatrics.1990;86 :643– 644
- ↵Fisher JO, Mitchell DC, Smiciklas-Wright H, Birch LL. Maternal milk consumption predicts the tradeoff between milk and soft drinks in young girls' diets. J Nutr.2001;131 :246– 250
- ↵Auld G, Boushey CJ, Bock MA, et al. Perspectives on intake of calcium-rich foods among Asian, Hispanic, and white preadolescent and adolescent females. J Nutr Educ Behav.2002;34 :242– 251
- ↵Abrams SA, Stuff JE. Calcium metabolism in girls: current dietary intakes lead to low rates of calcium absorption and retention during puberty. Am J Clin Nutr.1994;60 :739– 743
- ↵Lloyd T, Andon MB, Rollings N, et al. Calcium supplementation and bone mineral density in adolescent girls. JAMA.1993;270 :841– 844
- ↵Johnston CC Jr, Miller JZ, Slemenda CW, et al. Calcium supplementation and increases in bone mineral density in children. N Engl J Med.1992;327 :82– 87
- ↵Kalkwarf HJ, Khoury JC, Lanphear BP. Milk intake during childhood and adolescence, adult bone density, and osteoporotic fractures in US women. Am J Clin Nutr.2003;77 :257– 265
- ↵Sandler RB, Slemenda CW, LaPorte RE, et al. Postmenopausal bone density and milk consumption in childhood and adolescence. Am J Clin Nutr.1985;42 :270– 274
- ↵Gerrior S, Bente L. Nutrient Content of the US Food Supply 1909–97. Washington DC: US Department of Agriculture, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion;2001. Home Economics Research Report 54
- ↵Subar AF, Krebs-Smith SM, Cook A, Kahle LL. Dietary sources of nutrients among US children, 1989–1991. Pediatrics.1998;102 :913– 923
- ↵Weaver CM. Calcium bioavailability and its relation to osteoporosis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med.1992;200 :157– 160
- ↵
- ↵Andon MB, Peacock M, Kanerva RL, De Castro JA. Calcium absorption from apple and orange juice fortified with calcium citrate malate (CCM). J Am Coll Nutr.1996;15 :313– 316
- ↵Abrams SA, Griffin IJ, Davila P, Liang L. Calcium fortification of breakfast cereal enhances calcium absorption in children without affecting iron absorption. J Pediatr.2001;139 :522– 526
- ↵Heaney RP, Dowell MS, Rafferty K, Bierman J. Bioavailability of the calcium in fortified soy imitation milk, with some observations on method. Am J Clin Nutr.2000;71 :1166– 1169
- ↵Miller JZ, Smith DL, Flora L, Slemenda C, Jiang XY, Johnston CC Jr. Calcium absorption from calcium carbonate and a new form of calcium (CCM) in healthy male and female adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr.1988;48 :1291– 1294
- ↵American Academy of Pediatrics, Section on Breastfeeding. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics.2005;115 :496– 506
- Copyright © 2006 by the American Academy of Pediatrics


text:
Maryland Corrections Agency Demanding All Social Media Passwords Of Potential Hires
from the privacy? deptYou may recall back in 2009 that we wrote about how the city of Bozeman, Montana was requiring people who applied for jobs with the city to cough up all of their social networking usernames and passwords, so that city employees could log in and look around. Beyond being positively ridiculous, this seemed like a huge invasion of privacy. After an awful lot of public ridicule, the city (wisely) decided to drop the requirement, and claim the whole idea had been a "mistake."
Apparently not everyone in local government was paying attention.
The ACLU is apparently taking on the case of a Maryland man who applied to be "re-certified" for a job with the Maryland Department of Corrections, after he had taken a brief leave. As a part of the interview process, he was required to hand over his Facebook password. Apparently, the Department of Corrections is now requiring all social media account info, including passwords, as a part of their "background check" process. In at least this case, the guy in question was told not to change his password for a few months -- leading to all sorts of questions about what private info state officials might look into while logged into his account. The ACLU sent a letter (pdf) to the Maryland Corrections Dept. noting that it believed the policy was "a frightening and illegal invasion of privacy," and a clear violation of the Stored Communications Act. The ACLU letter also demanded that the Maryland Department of Corrections rescind this policy.
It appears that Maryland's response to all of this has been to totally ignore the letter. The ACLU waited three weeks, and after receiving no response at all, has gone public with the story. I would imagine that a lawsuit will soon follow.


text:
Zashpay is now Popmoney®
We're excited to announce that ZashPay® has officially transitioned to Popmoney®.
Popmoney combines the best features of ZashPay with the Popmoney personal payment service.
See how easy Popmoney is!
Action Required: To print or download your ZashPay transaction history,
sign in and go to "History" before March 15.


text:
COTTON: This month's 2012/13 U.S. cotton supply and demand estimates include slight revisions, resulting in an increase of 300,000 bales in forecast ending stocks. Production is raised 178,000 bales from last month to 17.3 million, due mainly to increases in the Mississippi Delta states. Domestic mill use is unchanged, but exports are reduced based on lower forecast imports by China. The forecast range for the 2012/13 marketing year average price received by producers of 62 to 74 cents per pound is lowered 4 cents on the upper end of the range, reflecting lower prices in recent months. In addition, the final 2011/12 marketing year average price is pegged at 88.3 cents per pound.
A combination of sharply higher production and reduced consumption raises projected 2012/13 world ending stocks by 2.6 million bales this month. Production is raised mainly in India, China, Brazil, Pakistan, and the United States. Consumption is reduced 2.0 million bales for China as the high domestic support price continues to erode offtake. However, about three-fourths of the China reduction is offset by increased spinning use in other countries with access to lower cost raw material, including India, Turkey, Pakistan, Indonesia, Taiwan, and Vietnam. World trade is reduced marginally as a reduction of 1.0 million bales in China's imports is mostly offset by increases for other countries. World stocks are raised to 79.1 million bales, including 37 million bales projected for China.
Coverage, Analysis of the Oct. 11 USDA Reports
See all of the data, coverage and analysis of today's World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates and Crop Production reports.
WASDE: Higher Rice Yields Increase Production Forecast
Coverage, Analysis of the Oct. 11 USDA Reports


text:
3038 Hayes Avenue | (419) 334-3236
Serviced from Fremont Location (419) 843-5693
851 Bethel Rd | (614) 451-0772
Hello, Guest! Please log in or register.
Be the first to review this product
Availability: In stock
*Please call for current inventory, our website does not guarantee items are in stock immediately
Use spaces to separate tags. Use single quotes (') for phrases.


text:
BEIRUT (Reuters) - Lebanon said on Wednesday Israeli jets had flown over its territory overnight, part of apparently increased air activity which comes as Israel has expressed concern about weapons in neighboring Syria falling out of government control.
A Lebanese army statement said that four Israeli planes entered Lebanese air space at 4.30 p.m. (9:30 a.m ET) on Tuesday. They were replaced four hours later by another group of planes which overflew southern Lebanon until 2 a.m. and a third mission took over, finally leaving at 7.55 a.m. on Wednesday morning.
Lebanon frequently complains that Israeli jets overfly its territory. However the recent activity was much more concentrated than usual.
There was no explanation for the operations in the region, bordering southern Syria. The statement made no mention of planes entering Syrian airspace.
Israel's vice premier Silvan Shalom said on Sunday that any sign that Syria's grip on its chemical weapons is slipping, as President Bashar al-Assad fights rebels trying to overthrow him, could trigger Israeli military strikes.
Reporting by Dominic Evans; editing by Ralph Boulton