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Inclusion and Respect: GLSEN Resources for Educators
"It is really nice to have such a great organization working with educators to create safe spaces for everyone. Thank you for all the amazing work."
– School Counselor
There is reason why so many educators turn to GLSEN for resources when they want to teach about respect. For more than 25 years, we've been developing user-friendly, developmentally appropriate and research-based tools for educators just like you.
How can I be a supportive ally to LGBT youth?
How do I discuss bullying, gender roles or family diversity with elementary students?
How can I include positive representations of LGBT people in the curriculum?
How do I inspire my students to be kind and speak up when they see bullying?
GLSEN has resources that address these topics and much more.Take a moment to watch the video and explore GLSEN's educator guides and lessons to support your curriculum and practices.Find a resource you like? Download and use it, then share with colleagues.


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I have collected many obituaries of genealogical interest over the past twenty years.I will be posting them on this blog as time allows. The majority of these obituaries are from early Arkansas Baptist newspapers and have been transcribed as written.
Tuesday, December 27, 2011
Richard Fletcher
Another old and respected citizen of our city and state has been called to his reward. Richard Fletcher died at his residence in this city, at one o'clock on Wednesday morning of general debility. He was born on 20th November, 1795 in Hawkins county, Tennessee. He was the third son of John G. Fletcher. He was born and raised at a time and place when educational facilities were very limited, but through his own exertions he acquired a good English education His mother died when he was quite young. From 1812 to 1818 he resided with his father on the Cumberland and Tennessee rivers, and engaged in keelboating, moving families down the Cumberland, Tennessee, Ohio and Mississippi, and bringing back salt, iron, etc. This was on a day prior to steamboats.
He was married in the year 1818 to Nancy, daughter of Caleb Lindsey(who moved to and settled in Saline county im 1825), and in the same year moved to Missouri (afterwards Arkansas) territory settling in Lawrence (now Randolph) county, about eight miles from Pocahontas, on Fourche Dumas. He lived there until 1825, when he removed to this (Pulaski) County. The town then consisted of about a half dozen houses. When he crossed the Arkansas his worldly possessions consisted of a half dollar in silver--which he paid out for a bushel of cornmeal and a few household goods. He selected a home about five miles below here, and opened up a fine farm, which he owned to the day of his death. It is now one of the finest plantations on the river.
Some time between the years 1830 and 1836 he represented Pulaski county in the lower house of the general assembly, and afterwards in the state senate. For the latter place he beat Lemuel, R. Lincoln, the democratic candidate, by a handsome majority, although the district was largely democratic. As a legislator he was popular, ever being found advocating measures of right. his life was devoted to farming and stock raising by which he amassed a fortune of more than a quarter million dollars up to the commencement of the late war. He was a very large loser by the war. During that struggle "Uncle Dick" as everybody knew him, lost his faithful partner of half a century. Throughout the war he remained at home, and did everything possible to relieve the distressed during that troublesome period. Since then he has rented his farm and lived principally in the city.
A good man and true in all relations of life, he leaves behind him numerous kindred and thousands of friends throughout the state to mourn his loss. Services by the Rev. J.L.T. Holland. The remains will be taken to the family burial ground on the plantation of deceased, below the city.
Arkansas Gazette
The picture is of what remains of the family burial ground of this pioneer Little Rock family, overgrown with river cane, surrounded by a housing development. In 1955 there were eleven headstones, but neglect and vandalism have reduced the number to maybe two according to a neighbor. How sad is this???According to
source this piece of land was designated a park when the development
was built. If so, who is responsible for it's care should be determined.
Posted by jhdavenport at Tuesday, December 27, 2011 1 comment: Links to this post
Labels: Arkansas Territory Cemetery, Fletcher, Fletcher-Baldwin Cemetery, Hawkins county Tennessee, Lawrence county, Little Rock, Missouri Territory, pioneer, Randolph lph county Ark
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For headline writers, 2004 was the year of "values voters," stormy acts of God in Florida, gay marriage rites and countless clashes between "believers" and "infidels" in Iraq, Russia, Spain and other locations around the world.
This may sound like the annual list of the top 10 news events released by the Religion Newswriters Association. But no, these events dominated the 2004 Associated Press survey of the top stories in the world -- period.
In a typical year, at least half of the world's top news stories have a strong religious element. But it was next to impossible to find a major news story in 2004 that didn't raise faith questions of one kind or another. It was just that kind of year on the religion beat.
Thus, it was no surprise that the re-election of President George W. Bush was voted No. 1 in both the AP and the RNA surveys. But the religion-news specialists decided that another story was just as hot as the White House race. The release of "The Passion of the Christ" tied for the top spot and director Mel Gibson was named Religion Newsmaker of the Year, with Bush coming in second.
Truth is, these faith-based stories had much in common, according to Frank Rich of the New York Times, one of the critics on the cultural left who fueled the firestorm that enveloped Gibson and his film. This was the year of the angry fundamentalist in politics, war and pop culture, he said.
"The power of this minority within the Christian majority comes from its exaggerated claims on the Bush election victory," argued Rich, in an essay entitled "2004: The Year of 'The Passion.' "
"It is further enhanced by a news culture ... that gives the Mel Gibson wing of Christianity more say than other Christian voices and usually ignores minority religions altogether. ... In the electronic news sphere where most Americans live much of the time, anyone who refuses to engage in combat is quickly sent packing as a bore."
Cultural conservatives would, of course, disagree with Rich's claim that they were uniquely to blame for the acidic atmosphere that surrounded the White House race and the smashing box-office success of Gibson's epic exercise in sacramental symbolism and bloody special effects. After all, culture wars require at least two armies. One thing is certain: Preachers on the religious and secular left are sure to turn up the volume in 2005.
Here are the rest of the RNA poll's top 10 stories:
(3) Gay marriages are performed for the first time in Massachusetts, but the legal status of the rites remained uncertain. Religious groups mobilize on both sides, as 11 states pass amendments against the redefinition of marriage.
(4) Sen. John Kerry runs for president, setting the stage for several archbishops and bishops to warn that they will deny Communion to Catholics who openly oppose church teachings on moral issues such as abortion and gay unions. A task force of U.S. bishops leaves the decision up to local bishops.
(5) The Anglican sex wars escalate, as a Lambeth Commission report does little to close the global rift caused by last year's installation of a non-celibate gay bishop in New Hampshire. More Episcopal parishes flee, uniting with Third-World dioceses.
(6) Church-state conflicts continue to hit the U.S. Supreme Court, which upholds the Pledge of Allegiance's "under God" language and the right of the state of Washington to block scholarships used for ministerial studies.
(7) Religious groups debate the role of American troops in Iraq, while Shiite clerics emerge in leadership roles that are crucial to that war-torn nation's future.
(8) The United Methodist Church's split on homosexuality is demonstrated by the trials of two lesbian pastors. Karen Dammann is acquitted in Washington State and Beth Stroud is found guilty in Pennsylvania. Some mainline Protestant leaders publicly call for amicable splits in their denominations.
(9) The Catholic dioceses of Portland and Tucson go into bankruptcy because of sex-abuse scandals, while the largest financial settlement in such a case is reported in Orange County, Calif. Former Springfield (Mass.) Bishop Thomas Dupre became the first bishop indicted, but the statute of limitations had run out in his case.
(10) The Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) votes to pull investments from companies profiting from Israel's occupation of Gaza and the West Bank. Violence in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict decreases somewhat from recent years.


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A simple and effective tool with an elegant design, it is a great miniature-maker's or modelmaker's plane. For a highly controlled cut on a flat surface, it can be pushed with a thumb on the lipped toe while the palm of the hand is firmly planted on the work, similar to using two hands for a paring cut with a chisel.
The investment-cast steel body is accurately machined, has a 45° bed angle and a fixed mouth, and uses a cogwheel screw to secure the included 30° bevel O1 tool steel blade (measures 0.085" thick by 1" wide). Both the sole of the plane and the working surface* of the blade are lapped to a flatness tolerance of �0.0002" or better.
At 3-1/8" long by 1-1/4" wide, and weighing just under 5 oz, this is truly a pocket plane.
Made in Canada.
* The working surface is the 1/2" section of the face closest to the cutting edge.


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Makenzie Morales is cooking her way to the Le Cordon Bleu College of Culinary Arts in Portland.
The Orange resident was accepted to the culinary school earlier this year and received a school loan of $5,000, leaving her about $8,000 shy of the tuition for the first of three terms.
So Morales set about raising money by holding a dinner for five nights last week at Cyrano's Caffé in Orange, where she works.
She offered seared ahi, blackened chicken and – her favorite – rack of lamb.


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EDMONTON, AB - In the first leg of their 2012 Amway Canadian Championship semifinal, Vancouver Whitecaps FC (1W-0L-0D in ACC) earned a 2-0 away victory over North American Soccer League (NASL) side FC Edmonton (0W-1L-0D in ACC) on Wednesday evening.
First-half goals from Eric Hassli and Atiba Harris gave the Major League Soccer club a two-goal aggregate advantage ahead of next Wednesday's decisive second leg on Bell Pitch at BC Place. Though FC Edmonton created chances, Whitecaps FC remained sturdy again at the back, as they earned a seventh clean sheet of the season in the Alberta provincial capital.
"Tonight was a professional performance and another good win for us," Whitecaps FC head coach Martin Rennie told Vancouver's TEAM 1410 Radio. "It's seven clean sheets out of nine games this season and three wins in a row, with two of those on the road, which is great. Getting guys 90 minutes that hadn't played in a while was also good, and that gives us fresh players for Saturday. Overall, it was a good night."
With many games coming up over the next few weeks, Rennie made seven changes to his starting 4-3-3 formation, with goalkeeper Brad Knighton earning his first competitive start for the Blue and White, while youngster Greg Klazura made his competitive debut as a professional at right fullback. There was also a first start of the year for Carlyle Mitchell, who partnered fit-again Alain Rochat in the centre of the Whitecaps FC backline.
On a cool, spring evening at Commonwealth Stadium, a crowd of 2,777 saw Whitecaps FC look more refined with their possession and attack play in the first half. The visitors made their intentions known early on, with Davide Chiumiento striking the Edmonton crossbar from a looping free kick on six minutes.
Still searching for their first win of this season, The Eddies gave Vancouver a scare on their best chance before the break. On 10 minutes, a scramble in the Whitecaps FC box saw the MLS club block a couple of close-range shots before Jonathan Joseph Augustin blasted well over the target on the rebound.
Whitecaps FC made the all-important breakthrough on 18 minutes, as Hassli scored his first of the season with a first-time finish past Edmonton goalkeeper David Monsalve. The big Frenchman was well picked out in the home side's box by Budweiser Man of the Match Omar Salgado after the youngster did well to turn Eddies captain Paul Hamilton and reach the byline on the left flank.
The goal settled Vancouver down, and it was Salgado who again played a role in getting the 'Caps on the scoresheet for a second time. On 41 minutes, Hassli slipped a pass to Salgado in the Edmonton box before the United States youth international struck a well-measured chip over Monsalve's head and off the far post. The rebound fell kindly for Harris in the six-yard box, who then turned and struck home his first goal of the season for a 2-0 Whitecaps FC lead at halftime.
Looking to overcome the series deficit, Edmonton pushed forward and had several efforts towards the Vancouver goal in the second half. Knighton made saves from Chilean import Yashir Pinto and Edmonton native Shaun Saiko, while former Whitecaps FC Residency player Kyle Porter was wayward with a couple of chances. Edmonton's closest opportunity to a second-half goal came from midfielder Ilja Van Leerdam, as Knighton made a good save from the Dutchman's low strike on 53 minutes.
Instead, it was Vancouver that looked more likely to score a third goal after Michael Nanchoff and Long Tan came on as late substitutes for the 'Caps. Making his first appearance of the season, Nanchoff set up Chiumiento for a chance on 80 minutes after finding the Swiss playmaker with a searching pass on the left. Canadian international Monsalve did well to block away Chiumiento's close-range shot before saving Tan's goal-bound piledriver minutes later.
As a result, Whitecaps FC's aggregate lead for the home leg will be two goals following this first-ever meeting with FC Edmonton. These Western Canadian foes will battle again at BC Place in a week's time, but before that, Vancouver return to MLS matters when they host Western Conference leaders San Jose Earthquakes on Saturday afternoon. FC Edmonton, meanwhile, host Carolina RailHawks in the NASL on Sunday.
In the other Amway Canadian Championship semifinal, MLS rivals Montreal Impact and Toronto FC drew 0-0 in Wednesday's first leg at Montreal's Olympic Stadium (report link below).
Budweiser Man of the Match: Omar Salgado
Scoring Summary:
18' - VAN - Eric Hassli (Omar Salgado)
41' - VAN - Atiba Harris
Match Stats:
Shots: Edmonton 10 - Vancouver 9
Shots on Goal: Edmonton 4 - Vancouver 6
Saves: Edmonton 4 - Vancouver 4
Fouls: Edmonton 16 - Vancouver 14
Offsides: Edmonton 1 - Vancouver 4
Corners: Edmonton 5 - Vancouver 10
66' - EDM - Shaun Saiko
72' - VAN - Jordan Harvey
74' - EDM - Ilja Van Leerdam
Vancouver Whitecaps FC
18.Brad Knighton; 32.Greg Klazura, 19.Carlyle Mitchell, 4.Alain Rochat, 3.Jordan Harvey; 28.Gershon Koffie, 11.John Thorrington, 20.Davide Chiumiento; 9.Atiba Harris (13.Michael Nanchoff 70'), 29.Eric Hassli (23.Long Tan 78'), 17.Omar Salgado
Substitutes not used: 1.Joe Cannon, 7.Sebastien Le Toux, 15.Martin Bonjour, 26.Floyd Franks, 31.Russell Teibert
FC Edmonton
22.David Monsalve; 13.Jonathan Joseph Augustin, 18.Paul Hamilton, 5. Kevin Hatchi, 26.Fabrice Lassonde; 19.Kyle Neville Porter (14.Paul Craig 77'), 21.Dominic Oppong (20.Chris Kooy, 84'), 8.Ilja Van Leerdam; 4.Serisay Barthelemy (11.Matt Lam 21'), 29.Yashir Pinto, 6.Shaun Saiko
Substitutes not used: 23.John Smits, 16.Kenny Caceros 24.Antonio Rago, 27.Fabien Vorbe


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At the Geneva Motor Show in March, German firm Quant revealed a car powered by what it called 'nanoFLOWCELL' technology.
Now, the flow-cell vehicle will make its road-going debut, as the car has been approved for real-world testing by the TÜV, or Technischer Überwachungsverein, Germany's road safety monitoring agency.
The first thing most will notice about the Quant e-Sportlimousine is its stunning styling. With a low hood line, double-bubble roof, and single-piece gull wing doors it manages to look new and distinctive without resorting to the kind of overt weirdness that might turn people off.
But it's that flow-cell technology that deserves real attention.
Flow cells could be described as a cross between regular batteries and fuel-cells. Liquid electrolyte is circled through two tanks, between which is a membrane. Electrical charge passes through this membrane from one cell to the other, producing power for an electric drivetrain.
It's that simple, but the flow-cell's makers suggest it has high charge density, high performance density and low weight–enough for five times greater performance than a lithium-ion battery of equivalent weight.
The company thus quotes a range of 600 kilometers (372 miles). That's from a flow-cell with 120 kWh of storage capacity–more than a Tesla Model S–but the company's claims imply the flow-cell itself should weigh a lot less than a lithium-ion battery pack.
And like the Tesla, the prototype e-Sportlimousine isn't short of performance.
Torque is quoted as a faintly unbelievable 2,138 pounds-feet "times four", though Quant's performance claims do seem to back up this prodigious output–the 0-62 mph sprint takes 2.8 seconds, and top speed is "over 217 mph".
Ordinarily it would be easy to dismiss these claims as flights of fancy, but since one of Europe's strictest roadworthiness agencies has given the car the green light for public road use, perhaps there's some substance here.
The real benefit is that Quant can test its vehicle in real-world conditions. While cars would be a natural vessel for flow-cell technology, the firm also has its eyes on improving the cost and sustainability of maritime, rail and aviation technology too.
This story originally appeared on Green Car Reports. Copyright 2014


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Anthrax Commence Work on New Album
It's official: Anthrax are working on the follow-up album to 2011's 'Worship Music.' This should come as great relief to fans, as they waited eight years between 'We've Come For You All' and the most recent disc. As we all know, turmoil surrounded the band during those years and things within the Anthrax camp have since stabilized, allowing the band to get back to a regular album and tour cycle.
Guitarist Scott Ian took to Twitter to let Anthrax fans know that they wouldn't have to wait another eight years to hear new music from the band. The picture tweeted by Ian (seen below) shows the band jamming at his house along with producer Jay Ruston, who worked with the band on 'Worship Music' and the covers EP 'Anthems.' Joey Belladonna has been back behind the microphone since 2010 and departed guitarist Rob Caggiano's vacancy has been filled by Shadows Fall guitarist Jonathan Donais. This new album will mark the first Anthrax disc to feature Donais, who will likely inject some new elements into one of the world's most accomplished thrash acts.
Anthrax wrapped up their final gig in support of 'Worship Music' recently at a landmark show in San Bernardino, Calif. with Iron Maiden, Megadeth, Testament, Sabaton, Overkill, and Warbringer. Drummer Charlie Benante also came back to the fold for the show after undergoing surgery for carpal tunnel. With Benante was recovering, Jon Dette filled in for him while Anthrax brought their brand of thrash to the European festival circuit over the summer.


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BARNSTABLE — A young man from Kazakhstan has died after his bicycle was hit by a car on Cape Cod.
Police said the man was riding on Route 132 late Wednesday night when he was hit by a car exiting Route 6. The driver of the car, who stopped at the scene, told police she did not see the bicycle.
The man who died was 21-years-old and was working in the U.S. under an exchange program. Officials did not immediately release his name.
Sgt. Thomas Twomey said the accident remained under investigation and no charges had been filed against the driver.


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Notepad++ 6.4.1 released
30 Jun 2013 00:16:43
The release v6.4.1 contains a crash issue fix from v6.4
The major updates in v6.4.1 are new added Function List Panel, Find/Replace dialog statusbar and new user interface of Preferences dialog.
The new feature Function List Panel can be launched via toolbar or menu (View->Function List). It allows user to access the function definition quickly. So far function list supports only C++ and Javascript. However, it's customizable by using regular expression, so you can build your parser for the non-supported languages. For more information to build your parser, please refer to:
Find/Replace dialog new statusbar displays the result nicer and lighter. It makes also possible to record any macro for find/replace operation.
Thank the following guys for their coding contribution of this release:
Andreas Jonsson, CodeForLife, Pekka Pöyry, Ivan Radić (aka Loreia), Jens Lorenz, FLS and Jinhui Yang.
Thank Sergey Semushin for his last minute's fixes of DSpellCheck.
Download Notepad++ 6.4.1 release:
Please report the bug you find here:
Auto-updater will be triggered in 1 week if there's no critical bug found.


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Moving quickly today. I doubt if there will be any more Roundups this week but let's have some fun. I'll get a Week in Review done, hopefully later tonight.
Favorites, in no particular order:
This mean-spirited jab at Jason Kidd by Steve U in the NBA Wheel post was great.
Fidrych or Die Tryin' went with wordplay to point out the buried lede in the Megatron post. Hey, it made me laugh, and that's all that matters here.
This joke, by David Hume in the Memphis Fast Break post, made me cringe, then laugh, then look up that Kevin Ware video, then puke. Thanks, asshole. Good work.
New guy (or at least new to me) this_is_somewhat_relevant sticks it to Hanley Ramirez in the Ramirez Hair post. What kind of stupid name is "Hanley", anyway? This was funny, and well done. Stick around.
No duds today, boys. It's Christmastime.


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Freedom Baptist Church is sponsoring a free fellowship meal at 5 p.m. on Christmas Day, Dec. 25.
The church is located at 1010 Powell Taylor Road in Lawrenceburg.
For more information or to RSVP, call 502-859-0321. If there is no answer, leave a message or call 502-839-8523.
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Washington–Today, five leading global Internet organizations announced the "OpenStand" principles, an initiative that underscores the invaluable role of open, voluntary technical standards to the development of the Internet.
Also today, CDT released a paper detailing how technical Internet standards work and why proposals for the mandatory use of "ITU-T Recommendations"–telecom standards developed in the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)–are cause for grave concern.
The following can be attributed to CDT Chief Computer Scientist Alissa Cooper:
"The OpenStand principles demonstrate a landmark commitment from leading Internet organizations to voluntary, open technical standards, which form the foundation of the Internet's innovation, openness, and freedom. These principles draw a sharp contrast to the dangerous, misguided proposals that would make ITU-T technical standards mandatory."
For more information, please see CDT's blog post on this subject.


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Army Veteran Receives Keys to Mortgage-Free Home
May 30, 2018
U.S. Army Specialist Daniel Dumas was handed the keys to his new mortgage-free home during an Operation FINALLY HOME dedication ceremony held May 24 in Little Elm.
The ceremony marked the 145th home dedication for deserving veterans through the Operation FINALLY HOME program. The home — the Plantation Homes' Kilgore II design — was the third McGuyer Homebuilders Inc., (MHI), has built for the organization.
"These brave soldiers have given so much for our country and way of life," said MHI President Gary Tesch, who spoke during the ceremony. "This is our way of giving back to enhance their way of life, now that they are home."
Also attending the ceremony was Hillwood Communities President Fred Balda. Hillwood Communities donated a homesite in its Union Park development for the project, and 20+ vendors and trades donated time and material. Take a peak at the dedication video.
Plantation Homes broke ground on the home Jan. 27, adjusting the four-bedroom floor plan to accommodate Dumas' combat-related ailments. In April, the public was invited to write "Notes of Love" on the studs of the home before drywall was installed.
Little Elm Mayor David Hillock wrote, "Welcome to Little Elm. I appreciate your service and look forward to returning the favor." Another person welcomed the Dumas family saying, "May God bless your family and your home."
Dumas joined the Army in 2009 as a medic. An incident involving the Afghan National Army occurred a few months later, leaving Dumas with PTSD, a sensitivity to loud noises and other traumatic injuries.
He was discharged honorably in 2014 after receiving many commendations including the Afghanistan Campaign Medal, Army Achievement Medal, Army Good Conduct Medal, Combat Medical Badge and several other awards.
Operation FINALLY HOME was established in 2005 with a mission of providing custom-built, mortgage-free homes to military heroes and the widows of the fallen.
The organization partners with corporate sponsors, builder associations, builders, developers, individual contributors and volunteers to help military heroes and their families address one of their most pressing needs -- a home to call their own.
Operation FINALLY HOME has more than 200 homes in 33 states that have either been completed, are under construction or are currently in the planning stage. For more information about Operation FINALLY HOME, visit www.operationfinallyhome.org.
Plantation Homes builds in Dallas and Houston, garnering a number of state and national product design awards along the way. In addition to Union Park, the builder is active in 16 Dallas-area communities. For more information, visit www.plantationhomes.com.
About Plantation Homes
Plantation Homes is part of a group of companies including Coventry Homes and McGuyer Homebuilders, Inc. With a 30-year history in Texas, Plantation Homes currently builds in the state's largest markets, including Houston and Dallas-Fort Worth. The builder has won numerous awards for its innovative product design, including local, state and national honors. For more information, visit www.plantationhomes.com.
About McGuyer Homebuilders, Inc.
Since its inception in 1988, McGuyer Homebuilders exceeds customers' expectations through quality service, construction, and value. McGuyer Homebuilders offers its award-winning designs under its signature brands – Plantation Homes, Coventry Homes and Wilshire Homes in five markets across Texas. Celebrating 30 years as a Texas homebuilder, McGuyer Homebuilders builds thousands of homes annually and is honored as one of the top 30 homebuilding firms in the nation. For more information, visit www.mcguyerhomebuilders.com.


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Friday, September 20, 2019
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ASSAF letter regarding DHET accreditation of SciELO SA..
This journal is DHET Accredited. Recent DHET and SciELO SA communication clarified.
We are thrilled to launch our new journal website, which provides additional functionality and visual enhancements.
2United Bible Societies, Africa
Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: It is expected that the translation of the Hebrew scriptures involves interaction with local cultures and belief systems opening space for new interpretations from the perspectives of local world views and practices. The challenges for local Christian theologies and Christian doctrine in general arising from this are unavoidable.
The spread of the church in Africa is inextricably connected to the translation of the Bible into the local tongues (see e.g. Sanneh 1989; Stine 1990; or Smalley 1991). As long as the Bible remained in the hands of the missionaries, it was possible for the missionaries to retain their control and authority in matters of faith and practice, at least in their sphere or domain of church influence. The translation of the Bible into the vernacular changed all that. It provided a basis for checking the sources and basis of the missionary message using the vernacular scriptures as a point of reference. The Bible in the vernacular offered local readers tools for interrogating and challenging this authority and control. Thus William Adrian (2007:289) is partly right in his suggestion that 'Bible translation has served to preserve and support indigenous cultures'. Moreover, Bible translation has also disrupted and been an agent within these same cultures, even causing the abandonment or transformation of certain traditions and values. David Barrett, in a pioneer and influential study of the African independent or initiated churches, demonstrated in his Schism and Renewal in Africa (1968) that the translation of the Bible into the vernacular languages provided the fuel and rationale for their proliferation. The Africa Instituted Churches (AICs) thus arose as an affirmation of the emerging indigenous readings and interpretations of the Bible and of the Christian faith and the appropriation and inculturation of these. Their emergence was also widely viewed as a reaction to the entrenchment of missionary readings and practices, as well as authority and control in the mission-dominated churches. The new readers empowered to read the Bible for themselves in their own languages felt equipped to challenge and question missionary readings and interpretations of the sacred text in their own languages. They too could hear God speaking in their own languages. As authorities and masters of their own tongues, they could justifiably argue that the missionary could in no way claim to understand their language better than they themselves. This development inevitably led to confrontations and disputations which eventually led to 'schisms and renewal', resulting in the then so-called African independent churches and now commonly referred to as the African initiated churches. Amongst the Protestant churches, some observers saw this as a continuation of the 'Protestant principle' that, in earlier times, had been appropriated by the new denominations and sects (following in the footsteps of Martin Luther, John Calvin, Thomas Cranmer and John Knox, amongst others). This was, however, not limited to the Protestant mission churches; it was evident within the Catholic churches as well. The processes of indigenisation, inculturation as well as independency have led to significant changes and transformation that these churches until recently assumed to be mission fields and are now quickly turning into missionary sending churches. The former missionary sending countries are increasingly becoming de-Christianised and secularised, whilst Christianity is quickly becoming a non-Western religion.
At the heart of this whole movement, directly or indirectly, will be found the sin of the white man against the black. It is because of the failure of the white man to make the Church a home for the black man that the latter has been fain to have a Church of his own. (p. 154)
David Barrett (1968) in his seminal text on this subject states that:
The root cause common to the entire movement of independency, therefore may be seen in this one aspect of culture clash: a failure of sensitivity, the failure of missions at one small point to demonstrate consistently the fullness of the biblical concept of love as sensitive understanding towards others as equals, the failure to study or understand African society, religion and psychology in any depth, rather than a dawning perception from the vernacular scriptures of the catastrophic nature of this failure and of the urgent necessity to remedy it in order that Christianity might survive on African soil. (p. 156)
Barrett (1968) elaborates that:
this failure of the version of Christianity proclaimed by the missions has been threefold, and can be elaborated briefly around three themes which we may term philadelphia, Africanism and biblicalism. Failure to practice the first led to inability to understand the second theme, which in turn led to a serious misunderstanding of the third. (p. 156)
It could be argued that the above factors, amongst others, necessarily influenced missionary readings, whether institutional or individual, and thus contributed to
this tragedy.
Notwithstanding the above, it is widely acknowledged that all readings or interpretations generally presuppose the contexts as well as the prior experiences of their genesis. Such contexts and prior experiences provide the grid or prism (the eyes, so to speak) for seeing and the ears for hearing the given text in ways that do not contravene the constraints and limitations of the contexts. All readings are contextual. All readings are perspectival. Western readings and interpretations of the biblical text, like any other, both past and present, were necessarily constrained by the vicissitudes and realities of the Western reader or interpreter, just as African or Asian readings are constrained by African or Asian realities. The AICs were deeply influenced by readings steeped in African cultural and religious realities, and borne out of the vicissitudes of African historical realities, amongst them the reality of European colonial history and encounter.
Jehu Hanciles (2006) makes the observation that:
the transformation of Christianity into a non-Western religion has profound implications not only for the study of Christianity as a world religion but also, in more concrete terms, for the future of Christian missionary. (p. 60)
We might add for the purposes of this article that it has profound implications for the study of the OT and of the NT as well. Many of the missionaries who brought the good news of Jesus the Messiah to Africa in the 19th and 20th centuries tended to underrate the place of the OT in their work of mission in Africa. Some of them were afraid of highlighting the stories of the OT for fear that they would undermine or subvert their own missionary or westernising agenda because the OT seemed much closer to the African world, as for example in matters of the controversy surrounding the issue of polygyny, levirate marriage or remembrance of the living dead. Jonathan J. Bonk (2006) narrates the interesting case of David Picton Jones (cited in Krabill, Sawasky & Van Engen 2006), a Welsh missionary of the London Missionary Society to East and Central Africa in the mid-19th century who:
in a letter to his home secretary … had confessed that he could no longer believe in the divine inspiration of the Old Testament. The conjunction of his study of the Old Testament and his African experiences had unavoidably led him, he said, 'to the conclusion that the Hebraic moral and intellectual status was scarcely higher than that of the Africans. (Bonk 2006:83)
David Barrett (1968) and Allan H. Anderson (2001) offer well-researched overviews of the AICs, covering detailed surveys of West African, southern African, Central African and East African AICs as well as Pentecostal and Charismatic churches. The William Wade Harris or Harrist churches and the Aladura churches, both in West Africa; the Zionist and Apostolic churches, both in southern Africa; the Simon Kimbangu, Ngunzi and Alice Lenshina churches in Central Africa; the Akorino and Legio Maria; the East African Revival and other Spiritist churches in East Africa; or the new Pentecostal and Charismatic churches throughout Africa are only some of the well-known representatives of this reality. Common and unique to all these churches is the phenomenon of African spirituality and the complex dynamic interaction between Christianity and the diverse pre-Christian ethnic religions of the continent. These churches are deeply engaged with indigenous African religious and cultural realities, 'such as ancestors, divination, traditional medicine and healing, polygyny and traditional patterns of leadership …' (Anderson 2001:194). Anderson (2001) points out for example that:
In many AICs in southern Africa, the prophet-healer has taken over the function of the traditional healer. In these churches the use of healing symbols is one of the central and most important features of church life and shows the 'direct-parallels' with traditional healing methods. (p. 199)
Inculturation and contextualisation with the attendant perils of syncretism are key issues in these churches. The Bible occupies a central place in the AICs, with the OT being given a special place of honour. Readers of these churches discern an abundance of similarities between African traditional religious practices and, especially, the OT. The Kenyan scholar, Jesse Mugambi (cited in Getui, Maluleke & Ukpong 2001) is quite right in his view that:
When the Bible becomes accessible to African converts to Christianity, it becomes a companion text in their lives, because they can identify themselves and resonate with the biblical rhythm of life, especially in the Old Testament and in the synoptic gospels. Owing to the convergence between African and biblical ontologies, African interpretations of the Bible often become preoccupied with the search for resonance, rather than a quest for dissonance. (p. 16)
Knut Holter has been a leading contributor in the task of documenting African OT scholarship, often viewed as an invisible player in the world of biblical scholarship. In his Old Testament Research for Africa – A critical analysis and annotated bibliography of African Old Testament dissertations, 1967–2000 (2002), Holter provides information on 87 dissertations produced by black Africans between the 1960s and 1990s. In his Tropical Africa and the Old Testament – A select and annotated bibliography (1996), he looks at academic scholarly articles published mainly in journals from the 1930s to the 1990s. Holter (1996, 2000, 2002, 2006, 2008) provides valuable data not easily accessible, collected over a period of several years. (Other key books by Knut Holter or edited together with colleagues on the same theme have resulted from conferences spearheaded by him in collaboration with African colleagues.) Both in the bibliographic collections and in the ensuing texts, key issues relating to institutional, thematic and contextual aspects of research and scholarship on the OT in Africa are extensively taken up. A critical review of the question of the institutional aspects related to the funding of African theological training and research on the OT is eye-opening. Church institutions in Anglophone, Francophone or even Lusophone Africa, not to forget the Coptic and Ethiopic Christian traditions, and their respective funding agencies have undoubtedly shaped the direction and shape of research and helped define ideological and doctrinal commitment and interests in their respective areas.
For Holter (2002), the list of dissertations so far published as exemplified in his bibliographic collection may be viewed as following in three phases as follows:
(a) the past (1960s–1970s) which created an institutional background for Old Testament scholarship in Africa
(b) the present (1980s–1990s), which experienced the breakthrough of an institutionalized scholarship in Africa
(c) the future (2000–), which will see the second generation of an institutionalized Old Testament scholarship. (p. 12)
The dissertations covered by Holter (2002) are products of certain theological institutions and often reflect certain of their research programmes, priorities and interests.
Thus, for example, dissertations produced at Trinity International University, United States of America (USA); or at the Pontifical Urban University and at the Pontifical Lateran University, Rome, Italy; or at the Lutheran School of Theology, Chicago; or the Luther Seminary at St Paul, Minnesota, USA; or at the Dallas Theological Seminary, Dallas, USA, amongst others, will no doubt be characterised by certain institutional predilections including doctrinal and other theological interests. Institutional frameworks are important. Institutions determine criteria of membership and admission; they define boundaries and emphases. They possess a mission and vision which they aggressively pursue, and clearly the gatekeepers at these institutions determine which tunes will be played. When tunes are played in Rome or Dallas or Deerfield, Chicago, or Fuller or wherever, dancers from far-away Africa are not wanting. The implications of these institutional frames or contexts are far-reaching. Holter's three emphases contrast with the late Justin Ukpong's characterisation of African biblical scholarship since the 1930s to the present. Holter (2002) in reference to Justin Ukpong (1999) identifies three distinctive phases as characteristic of past and present African biblical research, namely:
(a) a reactive phase (1930s–1970s), which legitimized African religion and culture vis-à-vis the western tradition through comparative studies, (b) a reactive-proactive phase (1970s–1990s) which more clearly made use of the African context as a resource for biblical interpretation, and (c) a proactive phase (1990s), which made the African context the explicit subject of biblical interpretation. (Holter 2002:11)
Whilst the institutional implications of African biblical scholarship are important and far-reaching, the thematic undertones of this material, such as the keen interest in African traditional religious and cultural realities pointed to above, are equally surprising. This is conspicuously evident from a casual look at the evidence provided by Holter (2002).
Examples that seek to show similarities and convergences between the world of the OT and that of Africa abound. Attention is drawn here below to some of the
pioneer articles in this regard. As early as 1904, M. Merker's Die Masai – Ethnographische Monographie eines ostafrikanischen Semitenvolkes (Berlin 1904) presented according to Holter (1996):
a famous comparison of the Maasai with the OT Israel.
A number of religio-cultural affinities are pointed out, and these are said to reflect the fact that the Maasai and the OT Israelites once constituted one single people. (p. 56)
Despite the exaggeration or falsehood that the Maasai and the OT Israelites constituted one single people or that they are both Semites, the main point is the similarities amongst them. These similarity claims are ubiquitous in Africa and cannot be dismissed or ignored. J. Torrend in his 1910 article, 'Likenesses of Moses' story in the Central Africa folk-lore' argued that 'some of the OT narratives about Moses have parallels in the Tonga tradition' (cited in Holter 1996:81).
J.J. Williams in his book, Hebrewisms of West Africa: From Nile to Niger with the Jews ([1930] 1967 cited in Holter 1996:81), argued that 'similarities between life and thought of OT Israel and certain West African traditions … are due to a historical contact between the two'. Again, if we ignore the speculation regarding the historical contact, it is clear that the point of departure for his speculations is the 'remarkable similarity' between the two! J-C. Bajeux in his 1956 article, 'Mentalite noire et mentalite biblique' (cited in Holter 1996):
compares African humanism and the Bible (especially the OT) and to Western culture, arguing that Africans are closer to the Bible than to the theology of Aquinas or the philosophy of Aristotle. (p. 28)
M. de Cocker in a 1950 article (cited in Knut Holter 1996:33), 'points out a great number of religio-cultural and socio-cultural affinities between the OT – especially from the Pentateuch and the historical books and certain traditional societies in Zaire.' M. J. Field (1958) in his article 'Ashanti and Hebrew shamanism' (cited in Holter 1996:40) 'points out some similarities between Ashanti shamanism and corresponding features described in the OT'.
The above were only precursors to what followed. Whilst Justin Ukpong (1999) takes the year 1930 as the beginning of the river, Holter (2000) prefers to place the start of this river in the 1960s arguing that:
the political and ecclesiastical independence of the 1960s, together with a rapid growth of theological seminaries and university departments of religion throughout the continent, and also a sudden wave of publications on Africa and the OT, makes it natural to start this survey with the 1960s. (p. 10)
This river has, however, distant sources and no doubt started much further back. If we were to extend the search to the experience and practices of the African Orthodox Christianities in North Africa, Nubia, Ethiopia and Eritrea, we would no doubt be taken back to the beginnings of the church in Africa during the Apostolic period and later, through to the 5th or 6th centuries when Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity was officially instituted and the Bible translated in Geez.
The 1960s are however significant. They saw the publications of the older and pioneer African scholars, amongst them Kwesi Dickson of Ghana, John Mbiti of Kenya and Immanuel Idowu of Nigeria. These three have influenced an entire generation of African scholars and still continue to do so. Even though John Mbiti was a NT scholar, his writings have done much to open our eyes to the traditional African world. His PhD (Mbiti 1971) on NT eschatology in an African setting started a debate on African concepts of time and drew deeply on the inescapable reality of the African past, as well as culture and religion in the everyday lives of ordinary Africans. Currently, the vast majority of publications on biblical topics in Africa inevitably proceed from the viewpoint of the African religious and cultural contexts.1 The river has become a flood! The material in Holter's collection (see works cited 1996, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2006, 2008) may be taken to be only an indicator of the tip of the iceberg.
It could be argued that the AICs operated and still operate on the principle of 'using Africa to interpret the Bible' (Getui, Holter & Zinkuratire 2001:75). This means that they see the Bible from their own cultural perspective. This is unavoidable. It exposes one to the danger of susceptibility to read one's own cultural themes and meanings into the biblical texts. It makes it easy to identify elements of the Bible that are similar to one's own culture and context. Again herein lies the danger of reading these elements from the viewpoint of one's own culture and values. How to achieve a critical and balanced reading that respects both one's culture and the biblical text is obviously not easy. The preferred principle recommended by a majority of the missionary instituted churches has been that of 'using the Old Testament to interpret Africa' (Getui, Holter & Zinkuratire 2001:131). This principle has operated on the assumption that the OT is God's Word, sharper than any two-edged sword, intended for bringing out the best in any culture or community. This might be understood to mean that the intention is to align the African world with that of the OT. Others understand this to mean that the OT does in this sense serve as a mirror for better understanding and evaluating one's own culture and context. Madipoane Masenya (ngwana 'Mphahlele) (2001) (cited in Getui, Holter & Zinkuratire 2001), who seems to take this view, has it that:
the realism that traditional Africans experience as they interact with the OT … [is] because it has the capacity to unlock African reality. If present day Africans still find it difficult to be at home with the OT, they might need to watch out to see if they have not lost their Africanness in one way or the other. (p. 145)
Others take the view that using Africa to read the Bible or the OT is bound to lead to syncretism, and all syncretisms are an evil. They would thus recommend using the Bible or the OT to interpret Africa. The OT or the Bible in this instance provides the mirror for seeing Africa, the criteria and yardstick for judging Africa. This is what is needed:
for teaching the truth, rebuking error, correcting faults, and giving instruction for right living, so that the man who serves God may be fully qualified and equipped to do every kind of good work. (1 Tm 3:16–17)
It is not, however, simply a case of '[u]sing Africa to interpret the Old Testament' (Getui, Holter & Zinkuratire 2001:75) or '[u]sing the Old Testament to Interpret Africa' (Getui, Holter & Zinkuratire 2001:131). It is really a case of both-and. The dialectical interaction between these two poles is what is needed to reach a fruitful synthesis. It is perhaps a case of seeing Africa in the OT and at the same time seeing the OT in Africa. This is what makes the OT an African book and Africa at home in the OT. AICs no doubt saw and see themselves in the OT and expect others to see the OT in their beliefs and practices. Whether this is so is a point of debate and contention.
Both the African background and the OT are sine qua non. However, the African Christian Bible interpreter needs the NT as well. The NT and the OT without the African background remain without an anchor. Both the NT and the OT require the African background for any contextualisation or inculturation to happen. Indigenisation and inculturation cannot happen without engagement with the social, cultural, religious and other local environments. The OT will no doubt be foundational to any continuing efforts at contextualising the Judeo-Christian scriptures.
It is widely acknowledged that the translation of the OT into the local languages widened the space for the new Christian readers to behold the full light. The NT by itself was inadequate. It did not fully connect to the social, cultural, religious and local environments and values. The missionary had the veto on all matters of faith – his interpretation of the Holy scriptures was authoritative and unquestionable. The OT brought a new awareness and understanding. It resonated with the local and empowered the new believers in their quest to better understand their new faith. Their search eventually led to rebellion and a departure from the received missionary tradition. It led to the formation of the AICs.
The work of translating the OT into the local African tongues is still ongoing and with it we can expect ongoing interpretations and appropriations of its message. According to the latest statistics released in May 2014 by the United Bible Societies in the Global Scripture Access Report, out of a total of over 7000 languages spoken worldwide, only 500 have a complete Bible, that is, both the OT and NT, and of which 1300 languages have the NT. Two thousand languages are spoken in Africa where the OT exists in only 196 African languages, whilst the NT exists in only 340 African languages. This means that of the 2000 and more African languages, only 196 of them have access to the OT in their own tongue!
How and by whom were these OT texts into African languages translated? The first translations of the OT into African languages were all translated by Western missionaries in collaboration or with the help of local speakers of these languages. Moreover, not all these translations were translated from the source Hebrew and Greek texts, that is, from the Biblia Hebraica and the Septuagint (also referred to as the LXX). Most of them relied on some of the older European language texts, that is, the older English, French or German translations. Some of the better ones depended on the missionaries' own European mother tongue translations such as the Authorized Version or the King James Version in English and equivalents in French or Portuguese. In some cases – where possible – the translators consulted the Hebrew or Greek texts either directly or indirectly with help from experts. The majority of these first-generation translations tended to be literal or so-called formal correspondence translations.
The second generation translations of the Bible in African languages are being done by mother tongue speakers. The academic and theological training of these translators is varied. Some are struggling literates; others are moderately well trained academically and theologically; a few are very well trained both academically and theologically. The outcome is a mixture of translations of varying quality – from substandard to acceptable to very good. Yet this situation is a mirror of the institutional and contextual environment. Some churches and related church groups and related institutions prioritise and invest heavily in theological training whilst others look down on or discredit the same. For some languages finding qualified and capable translators is an uphill task, whilst for others qualified candidates abound. The discouraging and disappointing reality is that in many cases throughout the region trained theologians and biblical scholars evince little interest in their own vernacular scriptures. Critical studies, or commentaries, or reflections on vernacular scriptures is scanty. Surprisingly, much use is made of scriptures in the former missionary or colonial languages! This in all probability contributes to undermining any inculturation programme of the biblical texts in the local contexts.
In addition to encouraging the theological and biblical training of translators and other church workers, it is increasingly more important to especially encourage training in biblical languages. African biblical scholars who are competent and familiar with the source biblical texts are few and far between. The shortage of translators who have a competent command of these languages becomes more obvious and noticeable when the local Bible societies seek for candidates who satisfy this criterion for translation into the local languages. Theological and biblical training institutions in Africa will need to make it a requirement for all students to take biblical Hebrew and NT Greek courses as well as courses in the sociocultural and historical backgrounds of the biblical texts, as well as of the receptor languages and cultures. If these biblical languages were to be taught in an African language, or better still, in one's mother tongue, so much the better! It should also be pointed out that mother tongue speakers who are experts in African languages and linguistics, and especially in their own languages, as well as experts in cultural and literary studies, oral literature (orature), amongst other relevant studies, are few and far between.
Just as the OT has proved to be an African book, to do OT scholarship has likewise proved to be an African enterprise. Therefore, wherever African OT scholarship will be heading, with regard to institutional context and thematic orientation, it deserves attention. (p. 25) and, one might add, considerable financial and institutional support.
Anderson, A.H., 2001, African Reformation – African Initiated Christianity in the 20th Century, Africa World Press, Trenton, NJ.
Barrett, D.B., 1968, Schism and renewal in Africa: An analysis of six thousand contemporary religious movements, Oxford University Press, Nairobi.
Bonk, J., 2006, '"And they marveled": Mammon as miracle in Western missionary encounter', in J. Krabill, W. Sawatsky & C.E. van Engen (eds.), Evangelical, ecumenical and anabaptist missiologies in conversation: Essays in honor of Wilbert R. Shenk, pp. 78–87, Orbis Books, Maryknoll, NY.
De Cocker, M., 1950, 'Essai de parallelism Biblico-Congolais', Zaire 4, 277–298.
Field, M.J., 1958, 'Ashanti and Hebrew shamanism', Man 58, p. 14.
Getui, M., Maluleke, T. & Ukpong, J. (eds.), 2001, Interpreting the New Testament in Africa, Acton Publishers, Nairobi/Peter Lang, New York.
Getui, M., Holter, K. & Zinkuratire, V. (eds.) 2001, Interpreting the Old Testament in Africa, Acton Publishers, Nairobi.
Hanciles, J., 2006, 'God's mission through migration – African initiatives in globalizing mission', in J. Krabill, W. Sawatsky & C.E. van Engen (eds.), Evangelical, ecumenical and anabaptist missiologies in conversation: Essays in honor of Wilbert R. Shenk, pp. 58–66, Orbis Books, Maryknoll, NY.
Holter, K., 1996, Tropical Africa and the Old Testament – A select and annotated bibliography, University of Oslo, Oslo. (Faculty of Theology Bibliography Series).
Holter, K., 2000, Yahweh in Africa – Essays on Africa and the Old Testament, Peter Lang, New York.
Holter, K., 2001, 'The Current State of Old Testament Scholarship in Africa: Where Are We at the Turn of fteh Century?', in M. Getui, K. Holter & V. Zinkuratire (eds.), Interpreting the Old Testament in Africa, pp. 27–39, Acton Publishers, Nairobi.
Holter, K., 2002, Old Testament Research for Africa – A critical analysis and annotated bibliography of African Old Testament dissertations, 1967–2000, Peter Lang, New York.
Holter, K., 2006, Let My People Stay! Researching the Old Testament in Africa, Acton Publishers, Nairobi.
Holter, K., 2008, Contexualized Old Testament scholarship in Africa, Acton Publishers, Nairobi.
Krabill, J., Sawasky, W. & Van Engen, C.E. (eds.), 2006, Evangelical, ecumenical and anabaptist missiologies in conversation: Essays in honor of Wilbert R. Shenk, Orbis Books, Maryknoll, NY.
Madipoane Masenya (ngwana 'Mphahlele), 2001, 'Wisdom and Wisdom Converge: Selected Old Testament and Northern Sotho Proverbs', in M. Getui, K. Holter & V. Zinkuratire (eds.), pp. 133–146, Acton Publishers, Nairobi.
Mbiti, J., 1971, New Testament Eschatology in an African Background: A Study of the Encounter between New Testament Theology and African Traditional Concepts, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Merker, M., 1904, Die Masai: Ethnographische Monographie eines ostafrikanischen Semitenvolkes, Reimer, Berlin.
Mojola, A.O., 1999, God Speaks in our Own languages – Bible Translation in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda from 1844 to 1998, the Bible Societies of Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, Dodoma/Kampala/Nairobi.
Sanneh, L., 1989, Translating the Message – the Missionary Impact on Culture, Orbis Books, Maryknoll, NY.
Smalley, W.A., 1991, Translation as Mission- Bible translation in the Modern Missionary Movement, Mercer University Press, Macon, GA.
Stine, P. (ed.), 1990, Bible translation and the spread of the Church: The last 200 years, E.J. Brill, Leiden.
Torrend, J., 1910, 'Likenesses of Moses' story in the Central Africa folk-lore', Anthropos 5, 54–70.
Turner, H.W., 1967, 'A Typology for African Religious Movements', Journal of Religion in Africa 1, 18–21.
Ukpong, J., 1999, 'Developments in biblical interpretation in modern Africa', Missionalia 27, 313–329.
United Bible Societies, 2014, 'Global Access Report', United Bible Societies, Swindon.
Welbourn, F.B. & Ogot, B.A., 1966, A Place to Feel at Home, Oxford University Press, Nairobi.
Williams, J.J., [1930] 1967, Hebrewisms of West Africa, From Nile to Niger with the Jews, Biblo & Tannen, London/New York.
2.See Barrett (1968), Welbourn and Ogot (1966), Turner (1967), Anderson (2001), amongst others.
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text:
DETROIT – Jimmy Howard and Jonas Gustavsson combined to have one of those games you just want to forget.
Howard gave up three goals on the first three shots he faced and when Gustavsson came on in relief he let in a goal on the first shot he saw in the Wings' 7-1 loss Sunday afternoon to the Chicago Blackhawks.
"Just forget about it and move on," Howard said. "It's going to happen over the course of the season. Every team goes through it. You just got to be mentally tough and forget about it.
"It's a little bit of a setback," Howard continued. "We just got to forget about it and get back at it tomorrow night."
Howard made just 10 saves before being pulled after allowing the Blackhawks' fourth goal early in the second period.
"Turnovers," Howard said. "We turned the puck over a lot in the first period and especially against a team like that, that's very high powered. They like to get in a track meet and just go, you can't do that."
It was the third time Howard has been relieved in goal. The first was the season opener and then he was pulled due to injury on Feb. 19 in Nashville.
"It happens, stuff like this throughout the season," Howard said. "You can't explain it. We'll come back tomorrow and get right back into it."
Gustavsson wasn't much better.
"It was early, but you should be ready," Gustavsson said about allowing a goal on the first shot he faced. "(Brandon Saad) had a lot of speed so I thought maybe he was going to try to go around me and made a quick shot instead. Maybe you want to come out and try to make that save."
The goal was Chicago's fifth of the game.
"After that the game is pretty much over," Gustavsson said. "It was a tough start for me, but I felt the only thing I could do was take advantage of the opportunity in net, get some experience playing in this building and think positive. In the end you never know what's going to happen. And then there were maybe a couple of soft goals in the end. Especially last one, I don't think he had much to shoot on there."
Gustavsson, who had yet to play at Joe Louis Arena prior to Sunday, made just nine saves on 12 shots.
"It felt like it really didn't go our way," Gustavsson said. "We had some unlucky bounces early on and they capitalized on that. It felt like it was one of those days where you go to work even harder to get some success. But we just got to put this behind us as soon as possible and move on."
Ins and outs
Henrik Zetterberg (groin) was scratched from the lineup, despite taking the pre-game skate.
"I don't know, but this is what I do know about groins, if you missed today you're probably not playing tomorrow," Wings coach Mike Babcock said.
The Wings then lost Mikael Samuelsson to start the third period to an upper-body injury.
Samuelsson, who has missed 31 games this season due to injury, just returned from a broken left index finger.
"Well, I …," Babcock said when asked about Samuelsson's status.
After the game the Wings sent defenseman Brian Lashoff to Grand Rapids and recalled Carlo Colaiacovo, who was with the Griffins on a conditioning stint.
Colaiacovo, who has played just two games this season, will be in the lineup Monday night against the Colorado Avalanche.
Rookie defenseman Danny DeKeyser's contract was approved by the league.
Happy Birthday Gordie Howe
The Wings celebrated Gordie Howe's 85th birthday by wearing No. 9 jerseys during the pre-game skate.
Chicago coach Joel Quenneville had this to say about the Wings legend, "Gordie, I got to know him. I got to play against him. He was kind of part of our coaching/managing staff when I was in
Hartford when I was there."
Quenneville also played with one of Howe's sons, Marty.
"I got to see him a lot in the summertime," he said. "He's an amazing man. In our game today, when you get to be late 30s and then you're in your 40s or 50s, I think the joy I got out of it was getting to play with his kids. I think that's probably the most memorable thing I went through. The guy was a strong man and he enjoyed playing the game."
Then Quenneville was asked if it bothered him to have played against a guy who just turned 85 to which he responded, "How about playing against a guy who's 50-something?
"He whacked me a few times," Quenneville added. "He cut me up once, too, with his stick. He was pretty good."
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of Inyo
of Supervisors
Chairperson announced the public comment period.
Mr. Walter Rosenthal, representing the Eastern Sierra Avalanche
Center, presented the Board with a proposal on the organization and
requested grant funding in the amount of $5,000 to help the center get
established. The County
Administrator indicated that the proposal would be added to the
Grants-in-Support Applications for consideration during budget hearings.
Supervisor Cervantes read into the record a letter from the Lone
Pine Lions Club thanking the Public Works Department for the replacement
of their roof. Supervisor
Cervantes also read into the record a letter from the owner of the China
Ranch Bed and Breakfast asking that the strobe light located on the
Sheriff's Communication Tower in the China Ranch area of the County be
turned off.
Dan Lucas updated the Board on the results of recruitment efforts,
highlighting deputy and correction officer academy graduations and noting
that the DSA has agreed to extend the period allowed under the MOU for
temporary assignment of deputies to the jail.
The County Administrator noted that the Public Service Announcement
(PSA) regarding potential flooding due to high run-off is being aired.
Integ. Waste/ Ridgecrest Sanitation
by Supervisor Bilyeu and seconded by Supervisor Cervantes to approve the
Contract between the County of Inyo and Ridgecrest
Sanitation for the transport of solid waste from Homewood Canyon Transfer
Station to the Ridgecrest landfill, in an amount not to exceed $7,453.32, for the period of July 1, 2005, through June 30,
2006, contingent upon the Board's adoption of a FY 2005-06 Budget; and
authorize the Chairperson to sign, contingent upon the appropriate
signatures being obtained. Motion
carried unanimously.
Integ. Waste/ Barker Contract
Integ. Waste/Peek Contract
Integ. Waste/ Morris Contract
Parks/L.P. Park Asphalt Bid
E. Health/Water Testing Supplies
by Supervisor Bilyeu and seconded by Supervisor Cervantes
to declare IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., as the sole-source provider of
certain water testing laboratory supplies for FY 2005-06 and authorize a
blanket purchase order for water testing supplies to IDEXX Laboratories,
Inc., in an amount not to exceed $14,000.
Motion carried
HHS-Calworks/ Learning Disability Services Contract
by Supervisor Bilyeu and seconded by Supervisor Cervantes
to approve the contract between the County of Inyo and the Inyo County
Superintendent of Schools for CalWORKs Learning Disability Services, in an
amount not to exceed $3,500 for the period of July 1, 2005 through June
30, 2006, contingent upon the Board's adoption of a FY 2005-2006 Budget,
and authorize the Chairperson to sign.
carried unanimously.
HHS-Hlth. Serv./ Immunization Outreach Contract
Sheriff's Dept./In- Car Video Systems for Bishop P.D.
Resol. #2005-36/ Certifying EIR on Tract Map 239/
Walters (Whitney Portal Development Project
Chairperson reopened the public hearing, which began on June 7, 2005, at
10:05 a.m., to consider the appeal by Shute, Mihaly & Weinberger LLP,
on behalf of the Save Round Valley Alliance (SRVA) of the April 27, 2005,
Planning Commission decision to approve Tentative Tract Map No.
239/Walters. The Assistant
Clerk submitted a letter from Shute, Mihaly & Weinberger, responding
to the Staff Report and it was marked Exhibit S.
Ms. Tanda Gretz, Associate Planner, reviewed the Staff report,
reiterating Staff's recommendation that the Board certify the EIR and
approve the Tentative Tract Map. At
the conclusion of her remarks Ms. Gretz requested that the Staff Report
and all attachments be entered into the record and they were Marked
Exhibit T. The Board and
County Counsel discussed other correspondence, which had been received
that were general in nature and did not specifically speak to the issues
identified in today's Staff Report. The Chairperson did not receive the correspondence into the
record and reiterated to the audience that today's hearing was limited
to taking information on the Staff Report and the two documents included
with the Staff Report. The
Applicant, Mr. Jim Walters, addressed the Board to support Staff's
recommendations and to submit a letter briefly explaining who he is, for
the record. County Counsel
briefly explained how documentation could be accepted into the record,
while not being accepted into evidence, which would then preclude the
documentation from being considered during the Board's decision-making
process. The Chairperson
asked that the letter, from Mr. Walter's be marked as Exhibit U, for the
record and not entered into evidence.
There was no one from the public wishing to address this item and
the Chairperson closed the public hearing at 10:50 a.m.
The Board discussed the proposed Whitney Portal Development and the
Tentative Tract Map. Supervisor
Williams indicated a desire to ask Mr. Marvin Moskowitz for clarification
on the Environmental Health Report which was included as an attachment to
the Staff Report. County
Counsel clarified that if the Board wanted to consider Mr. Moskowitz'
verbal responses to questions in their decision making process, the
Chairperson would need to reopen the public hearing.
The Chairperson reopened the public hearing at 10:51 a.m.
The Environmental Health Director, Mr. Marvin Moskowitz, responded
to questions from the Board regarding the comment in the Report that the
"…fire well be constructed first, and a better aquifer test be
conducted on this well, as a Final Map approval condition."
Mr. Moskowitz indicated that this comment was a suggestion to allay
fire safety concerns and to help lot owners determine water depth in the
future. He also confirmed
that he feels current ground water models are adequate in reflecting that
there should be sufficient water to sustain development.
There was no one else wishing to address this item and the
Chairperson closed the public hearing at 10:55 a.m.
The Board continued to discuss the appeal of Tract Map 239/Walters.
a motion by Supervisor Cervantes and a second by Supervisor Cash,
Resolution No. 2005-36 entitled "A Resolution of the Board of
Supervisors of the County of Inyo, State of California, Certifying and
Adopting the Final Environmental Impact Report and Statement of Overriding
Considerations, and Approving Tentative Tract Map No. 239/Walters (Located
4 Miles West of Lone Pine: APNS 023-270-10 and 023-270-11) and Denying the
Appeal of the Planning Commission's Approval of That Tract Map," (the
Whitney Portal Development Project.),
was adopted as amended to include a condition that a fire well be drilled
and a water storage tank be filled and maintained for Fire Department
purposes as a condition of the Final Map approval and prior to any
development: motion
unanimously passed and adopted.
by Supervisor Cash and seconded by Supervisor Arcularius to approve the
Contract between the County of Inyo and Mono County for the mutual
provision of vector control services, in an amount not to exceed $4,000
for Inyo County and $8,000 for Mono County, for the period of July 1,
2005, through June 30, 2006, contingent upon the Board's adoption of a
FY 2005-06 Budget; and authorize the Chairperson to sign.
Motion carried unanimously.
Jean Dickinson, Director of Health and Human Services, Ms. Tamara Cohn,
Clinical Services Director and Ms. Sue Stoutenburg, Program Manager,
provided information on the services which may be impacted by this most
recent State reduction in HHS funding.
Moved by Supervisor Bilyeu and seconded by Supervisor Cash to
approve Amendment #1 to Master Agreement No. 04-35351 and MOU No. PREV
04-14, between the County of Inyo and Department of Health Services for
HIV Prevention, decreasing the grant by $115,552.00 ($57,776.00 per year)
to a total amount not to exceed $102,248 for the period of July 1, 2004
through June 30, 2007 and authorize the Chairperson to sign.
carried unanimously.
Board Members reported on their activities during the preceding week,
including a Mammoth Housing Authority Meeting, notification that the
Governor had blue lined several items in the Fish and Game budget,
including money for the hatcheries, and a request for an item regarding
support of AB 7 for hatchery funding to be agendized for next week.
Chairperson recessed the regular meeting at 12:00 p.m., to reconvene at
1:00 p.m., in closed session with all Board Members present.
Board met in closed session to discuss Agenda Items No. 16.
WITH LEGAL COUNSEL EXISTING LITIGATION (Pursuant to Government Code
Section 54956.9(a) - Sierra
Club v. City of Los Angeles, Department of Water and Power, Inyo County
Superior Court Case No. SICVCV01-29768; and No. 17.
NEGOTIATOR [Pursuant
to Government Code § 54957.6] - Instructions
to Negotiators re: wages, salaries and benefits - Employee Organization:
ICEA - Negotiators: CAO
Ron Juliff.
Chairperson recessed closed session at 4:00 p.m., to reconvene in open
session to receive a report on closed session.
County Counsel reported there were no items discussed in closed
session, which were required by law to be reported on in open session.
Chairperson adjourned the regular meeting at 4:00 p.m. to 9:00 a.m., July
19, 2005, in the Board of Supervisors Room, at the County Administrative
Inyo County Board of Supervisors
Attest: RON
Clerk of the Board
Disclaimer: The County of Inyo reserves
the right to make changes and improvements to its Web site at any time and
notice, and assumes no
liability for damages incurred directly or indirectly as a result of errors,
omissions or discrepancies.
© 2001 County of Inyo
Updated: May 18, 2006


text:
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Friday, July 5th 2013, 6:57pm
This post has been edited 1 times, last edit by "BruceDuncan" (Jul 5th 2013, 8:01pm)
The Shadow
Friday, July 5th 2013, 7:43pm
Friday, July 5th 2013, 7:59pm
Ambitious Packrat
Friday, July 5th 2013, 8:11pm
This post has been edited 1 times, last edit by "Desertfox" (Jul 5th 2013, 8:12pm)
Friday, July 5th 2013, 8:26pm
QuotedOriginally posted by BruceDuncan
"I therefore move that the League of Nations call upon its members to refrain from the delivery and sale of armaments, munitions and other materials of war to either of the belligerents, and to impose economic sanctions for the supply of petroleum products and other recognized contraband of war, for the duration of hostilities."
This post has been edited 1 times, last edit by "Daidalos" (Jul 5th 2013, 8:27pm)
Saturday, July 6th 2013, 7:30am
Ugly Aircraft, Inc
Saturday, July 6th 2013, 10:26am
Saturday, July 6th 2013, 7:56pm
This post has been edited 1 times, last edit by "BruceDuncan" (Jul 7th 2013, 5:16am)
Tuesday, January 21st 2014, 4:31pm
Tuesday, January 21st 2014, 4:44pm
The Shadow
Tuesday, January 21st 2014, 4:51pm
Tuesday, January 21st 2014, 5:16pm
Tuesday, January 21st 2014, 5:20pm
The Chosenian delegate is shocked by the simple-heartedness of the german and frech delegates.
"This is obviously just part of a Chinese propaganda campaign. Even if they really allow an independent delegation into their country, there can be no doubt that they will make things up, prepare a propaganda show and lure the delegation away from any evidence of the heinous warcrimes they committed.
It is unbelievable that the german and french delegates fall for this charade."
Tuesday, January 21st 2014, 5:45pm
Ambitious Packrat
Tuesday, January 21st 2014, 6:05pm
Tuesday, January 21st 2014, 6:40pm
Tuesday, January 21st 2014, 7:41pm
Tuesday, January 21st 2014, 8:11pm
Wednesday, January 22nd 2014, 3:13am
Old-School Heel
Wednesday, January 22nd 2014, 9:39pm
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text:
Democratic allies remain at odds over provisions of a House climate bill and a Senate energy bill, even as congressional leaders and Obama administration officials are pressing to complete work on the legislation.
The latest rough patch came late Thursday afternoon when House Agriculture Committee Chairman Collin Peterson, D-Minn., met with the two chief sponsors of a climate bill to hash out differences in the office of House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif. After more than an hour, they emerged without an agreement, gave reporters curt expressions of optimism and left without taking questions.
"There's no deal, but I'm optimistic," said Rep. Henry Waxman, D-Calif., chairman of the House Energy and Commerce Committee and co-sponsor of the bill. Peterson, who earlier that day said he would oppose the bill, said only that "we made good progress."
Peterson wants to make the bill more favorable to farmers and agricultural businesses. For example, he wants the Agriculture Department to have the authority to decide whether environmentally friendly actions by farmers would qualify for lucrative benefits under a system in which allowances to emit greenhouse gases would be bought and sold. Under the bill drafted by Waxman and Rep. Edward Markey, D-Mass., the Environmental Protection Agency would have that authority.
The Peterson problem is just one of many that stand between the Waxman-Markey bill and the ultimate adoption of a climate bill.
Democratic lawmakers also differ over provisions in an energy bill being drafted by the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, which would open up the eastern Gulf of Mexico to oil and gas drilling and would water down an Obama campaign proposal setting minimum requirements for the use of renewable energy.
The differences over touchstone issues in the bill could jeopardize its chances of passage by the full Senate, where Sen. Bill Nelson, D-Fla. is threatening to filibuster it over the provisions for drilling off the Florida coast. Major environmental organizations are also leaning toward opposing the bill. In addition, executives from companies in the wind turbine business are lobbying hard for stiffer renewable energy requirements, arguing that they would be better off with requirements that have already been enacted by 28 states.
"The current legislation does not create jobs and, more importantly, does not effect the sea change that President Obama sought," said Don Furman, president of the American Wind Energy Association and senior vice president of Iberdrola Renewables. Obama has said that he wants to double the amount of renewable energy use over three years and that he wanted to make renewables 25 percent of U.S. energy sources by 2025.
Sen. Jeff Bingaman, D-N.M., chairman of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, is trying to craft a bill that would satisfy a majority on his diverse committee, but Josh Dorner, a Sierra Club spokesman, said the bill had already "suffered death by a thousand cuts" and had "ended up in a disturbing place."
One key issue has been offshore drilling. On Tuesday, the committee approved an amendment by Sen. Byron Dorgan, D-N.D., that would permit drilling in the eastern Gulf of Mexico 45 miles or more from the coast of Florida. It would allow drilling closer to shore in the Destin Dome, an area about 25 miles off the coast of the Florida panhandle where companies discovered natural gas years ago. (Though longstanding presidential and congressional restrictions on offshore drilling were lifted last year, the eastern Gulf of Mexico remains under special protection that was part of a 2006 energy bill.)
The muddled politics of offshore drilling cross party lines. Five of the committee's 13 Democrats voted against Dorgan's amendment, including Sen. Robert Menendez, D-N.J., who is concerned about potential drilling off his home state, but Republicans supported it. Sen. Mary Landrieu, D-La., a strong supporter of offshore drilling, also voted against Dorgan's amendment but only because she wanted some of the federal royalties diverted to state coffers. Her own earlier effort to direct a portion of royalties to the states failed, in part because the committee's Democratic majority won the backing of Sen. Sam Brownback, R-Kan., who believes that the federal Treasury needs the money from drilling in federal waters.
Sen. Lisa Murkowski, R-Alaska, meanwhile, won support for an amendment that would require the Interior Department to lease areas 180 days after environmental approvals are given for offshore drilling.
Democrats, environmental groups and wind industry executives are also sparring over a provision known as the renewable electricity standard, which would require electric utilities to use renewable energy sources for 15 percent of their power generation by 2021. But critics argue that the standard has been severely weakened by special exceptions. Utilities can use energy-efficiency measures to meet 4 percentage points of that amount. States could petition to get credit for more energy-efficiency measures and lower the renewable requirement further.
Because of an amendment by Sen. Evan Bayh, D-Ind., whose state relies heavily on coal-fired power, utilities would also be able to pay a relatively modest fine for failing to comply. The money would go to individual states, which could return the money to the utilities or subsidize nuclear power or carbon capture and storage projects. The amendment passed with strong Republican support.
Murkowski, the ranking Republican on the committee, also inserted an amendment that would remove new nuclear power generation from the total energy used to calculate renewable minimums. Nuclear power is not considered renewable, but its supporters note that it does not emit greenhouse gases.
The draft measure would also ease restrictions on the use of crude from Canadian oil sands, which produce more greenhouse gases than ordinary petroleum and which could face obstacles under the renewable fuel standard adopted last year. The amendment passed by voice vote. The "committee correctly recognized the importance of Canadian oil to our nation's energy and economic security," said Jack Gerard, president of the American Petroleum Institute. He said oil companies would expand and upgrade refineries to handle the Canadian crude and would create thousands of new jobs.


text:
Brokeback Mountain is the heart-wrenching tale of ranch hand Ennis del Mar and rodeo cowboy Jack Twist, two young men who meet and fall in love on the fictional Brokeback Mountain in Wyoming in 1963. Based on Annie Proulx's extraordinary 1997 short story, Brokeback Mountain was subsequently made into an Academy Award-winning...READ MORE...
Brokeback Mountain is the heart-wrenching tale of ranch hand Ennis del Mar and rodeo cowboy Jack Twist, two young men who meet and fall in love on the fictional Brokeback Mountain in Wyoming in 1963. Based on Annie Proulx's extraordinary 1997 short story, Brokeback Mountain was subsequently made into an Academy Award-winning film directed by Ang Lee and starring Jake Gyllenhaal and the late Heath Ledger. Composed by master operettist Charles Wuorinen, this marks one of the ambitious and major works in his long and storied career. Teatro Real's production is helmed by Tony Award-winning Ivo Van Hove, known for his gritty and ground-breaking direction.
|Daniel Okulitch
|Ivo Van Hove
|Charles Wuorinen
|Annie Proulx
|Tom Randle
|Set / Lighting Design
|Heather Buck
|Titus Engel
|Jan Versweyveld
|Wojciech Dziedzic
|Hannah Esther Minutillo
|Ethan Herschenfeld
|Celia Alcedo
|Jane Henschel
|Ryan Macpherson
|Hilary Summers
|Letitia Singleton
|Gaizka Gurruchaga
|Vasco Fracanzani
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You'll feel the chill in the castle air and smell the fetid London streets in this richly atmospheric tale of Tudor England. Mark Twain's story of mistaken identities stars Keith Michell, who re-creates the role that made him famous (King Henry in the classic BBC series The Six Wives of Henry VIII). Street urchin Tom Canty...WATCH NOW
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Brokeback Mountain is the heart-wrenching tale of ranch hand Ennis del Mar and rodeo cowboy Jack Twist, two young men who meet and fall in love on the fictional Brokeback Mountain in Wyoming in 1963. Based on Annie Proulx's extraordinary 1997 short story, Brokeback Mountain was subsequently made into an Academy Award-winning...WATCH NOW
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Closed Captions Available.
Sam Shepard's Pulitzer Prize-winning play Buried Child returns 20 years after its last major New York production, with this revival by The New Group in association with Lisa Maitlin, directed by Scott Elliott. Dodge (Ed Harris) and Halie (Amy Madigan) are barely hanging on to their farmland and their sanity while looking after...WATCH NOW
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Presented in...WATCH NOW
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Closed Captions Available.
A slightly updated version of Othello set in the 19th century Cyprus, where all characters wear uniforms and dresses from the American Civil War era. Othello, a heroic aging Moroccan mercenary marries beautiful and loving Desdemona, daughter of a general. Their love has no match, but their doom is spelled by none other than...WATCH NOW
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