text:
MILPITAS, Calif., February 29, 2016 – SanDisk Corporation (NASDAQ: SNDK), a global leader in flash storage solutions, announced that Institutional Shareholder Services, ISS, an independent proxy advisory research firm, has recommended in a report released today that stockholders of SanDisk vote FOR the proposal to approve the adoption of the Agreement and Plan of Merger with Western Digital Corporation (NASDAQ: WDC), at a Special Meeting of Stockholders to be held on March 15, 2016.
ISS is widely recognized as a leading independent proxy voting and corporate governance advisory firm. Its analysis and recommendations are relied upon by many major institutional investment firms, mutual funds and fiduciaries.
"We are pleased that ISS supports our Board of Directors' recommendation that stockholders vote for the acquisition, which underscores our belief that this combination provides excellent value for our stockholders and creates a strong partner for our customers," said Sanjay Mehrotra, president and chief executive officer of SanDisk. "Joining forces with Western Digital will enable the combined company to offer the broadest portfolio of industry-leading, innovative storage solutions to customers across a wide range of markets and applications."
In its recommendation of the proposal to adopt the resolution FOR the proposed merger, ISS stated:
"A vote FOR the proposed merger is warranted given the strategic rationale, the fact that the substantial cash portion of the consideration has helped to preserve value for shareholders despite the broader sector decline, and the still-significant premium to the unaffected stock price."
The SanDisk Board of Directors urges SanDisk stockholders to vote "FOR" the three proposals being presented to stockholders, including the proposal to approve the adoption of the Agreement and Plan of Merger with Western Digital.
The Special Meeting of Stockholders of SanDisk Corporation will be held at SanDisk's corporate headquarters, 951 SanDisk Drive, Milpitas, CA 95035, at 8:00 a.m., local time, on March 15, 2016. Stockholders of record as of the close of business on February 3, 2016 are entitled to vote at the Special Meeting. Stockholders with questions about the transaction or how to vote their shares may contact the Company's proxy solicitor, Innisfree M&A Incorporated, toll-free at 877-825-8772.
About SanDisk
SanDisk Corporation (NASDAQ: SNDK), a Fortune 500 and S&P 500 company, is a global leader in flash storage solutions. For more than 25 years, SanDisk has expanded the possibilities of storage, providing trusted and innovative products that have transformed the electronics industry. Today, SanDisk's quality, state-of-the-art solutions are at the heart of many of the world's largest data centers, and embedded in advanced smart phones, tablets and PCs. SanDisk's consumer products are available at hundreds of thousands of retail stores worldwide. For more information, visit www.sandisk.com.
© 2016 SanDisk Corporation. All rights reserved. SanDisk and the SanDisk logo are trademarks of SanDisk Corporation, registered in the United States and other countries. Other brand names mentioned herein are for identification purposes only and may be the trademarks of their respective holder(s).
Forward-Looking Statements
All statements included or incorporated by reference in this document, other than statements or characterizations of historical fact, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements are based on SanDisk's current expectations, estimates and projections about the proposed merger, its business and industry, management's beliefs, and certain assumptions made by SanDisk and Western Digital, all of which are subject to change. Forward-looking statements can often be identified by words such as "anticipates," "expects," "intends," "plans," "predicts," "believes," "seeks," "estimates," "may," "will," "should," "would," "could," "potential," "continue," "ongoing," similar expressions, and variations or negatives of these words. Examples of such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, references to the anticipated benefits of the proposed merger and the expected date of closing of the merger with Western Digital's wholly-owned subsidiary, Schrader Acquisition Corporation. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future results and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statement.
Important risk factors that may cause such a difference in connection with the proposed merger include, but are not limited to, the following factors: (1) the inability to complete the merger due to the failure to obtain stockholder approvals for the merger or the failure to satisfy other conditions to completion of the merger, including the receipt of all regulatory approvals related to the merger; (2) uncertainties as to the timing of the consummation of the merger and the ability of each party to consummate the merger; (3) risks that the proposed merger disrupts the current plans and operations of Western Digital or SanDisk; (4) the ability of Western Digital and SanDisk to retain and hire key personnel; (5) competitive responses to the proposed merger; (6) unexpected costs, charges or expenses resulting from the merger; (7) the outcome of any legal proceedings that could be instituted against Western Digital, SanDisk or their respective directors related to the merger agreement; (8) potential adverse reactions or changes to business relationships resulting from the announcement or completion of the merger; (9) the inability to obtain, or delays in obtaining, cost savings and synergies from the merger; (10) delays, challenges and expenses associated with integrating the combined companies' existing businesses and the indebtedness planned to be incurred in connection with the merger; and (11) legislative, regulatory and economic developments. These risks, as well as other risks associated with the proposed merger, are more fully discussed in the joint proxy statement/prospectus that is included in the Registration Statement on Form S-4 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") in connection with the proposed merger. The forward-looking statements in this document speak only as of the date of the particular statement. Neither SanDisk nor Western Digital undertakes any obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statement to reflect future events or circumstances.
In addition, actual results are subject to other risks and uncertainties that relate more broadly to SanDisk's overall business, including those more fully described in SanDisk's filings with the SEC including its annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 3, 2016, and its quarterly reports filed on Form 10-Q for fiscal year 2015, and Western Digital's overall business and financial condition, including those more fully described in Western Digital's filings with the SEC including its annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 3, 2015 and its quarterly reports filed on Form 10-Q for the current fiscal year.
Additional Information and Where to Find It
This communication does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities or a solicitation of any vote or approval. The proposed transaction will be submitted to the stockholders of each of SanDisk and Western Digital. Western Digital filed with the SEC a Registration Statement on Form S-4 which includes a joint proxy statement/prospectus of SanDisk and Western Digital. The Registration Statement on Form S-4 was declared effective on February 5, 2016. Each of SanDisk and Western Digital are providing the joint proxy statement/prospectus to their respective stockholders. SanDisk and Western Digital also plan to file other documents with the SEC regarding the proposed merger. This document is not a substitute for the joint proxy statement/prospectus or registration statement or any other document which SanDisk or Western Digital may file with the SEC in connection with the proposed merger. INVESTORS AND SECURITY HOLDERS OF SANDISK AND WESTERN DIGITAL ARE URGED TO READ THE JOINT PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS AND ANY OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTS THAT WILL BE FILED WITH THE SEC CAREFULLY AND IN THEIR ENTIRETY WHEN THEY BECOME AVAILABLE BECAUSE THEY WILL CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE PROPOSED MERGER. You may obtain copies of all documents filed with the SEC regarding this merger, free of charge, at the SEC's website (www.sec.gov). In addition, copies of the documents filed with the SEC by SanDisk will be available free of charge on SanDisk's website at http://www.sandisk.com. Copies of the documents filed with the SEC by Western Digital will be available free of charge on Western Digital's website at http://www.westerndigital.com.
Participants in the Solicitation
SanDisk, Western Digital, and certain of their respective directors, executive officers and other members of management and employees, under SEC rules may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies from SanDisk and Western Digital stockholders in connection with the proposed merger. You can find more detailed information about SanDisk's executive officers and directors in its definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on April 27, 2015. You can find more detailed information about Western Digital's executive officers and directors in its definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on September 23, 2015. Information regarding the persons who may, under the rules of the SEC, be deemed participants in the solicitation of stockholders in connection with the proposed merger is set forth in the above-referenced joint proxy statement/prospectus. Additional information about SanDisk's executive officers and directors and Western Digital's executive officers and directors can be found in the above-referenced Registration Statement on Form S-4.
Investor Contacts:
Jay Iyer, 408-801-2067
Brendan Lahiff, 408-801-1732
Media Contact:
Carol Kurimsky, 408-801-1390


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Thursday, January 29, 2015
Healthy Gut Microbiota Means: No Supplements, No Cleanses, No Drugs, No Processed Foods
79 comments:
- Raj said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- January 29, 2015 at 7:43 PM
- Rob said...
On the topic of food sensitivity .. my daughter appears to be sensitive to a class of acidic foods. These include yogurt, tomato, citrus and vinegar containing foods (mustard, for example). Does this sound to you like a specific species or two is missing, or more like a symptom of a disregulated/overactive immune system more generally?
She was formula fed (my wife had breast reduction surgery when she was young). I get as much fiber into her as I can, but I can't get her to eat fermented/probiotic foods.
- January 29, 2015 at 11:21 PM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
Hi Raj,
1. Suppression of inflammation is good for gestation. During labor, SCFA production is stopped by bowel clearance.
2. Butyrate is most dominant.
3. Some people show inflammation or immunologically aggressive symptoms when given anti-inflammatory treatments, such as vit.D, since it can repair parts of the immune system that are damaged. I have seen this with rosacea treated with vit.D or omega-3s.
4. ?
5. Suppression of inflammation is not an advantage in all cases of virus infection or cancer, where killing can be good.
Remember that inflammation is a misnomer, since it is cycle and part of many other aspects of anabolism and activation of the immune system. NFkB is nuclear factor controlling transcription of the short (k) chains of immunoglobulins in B cells.
Thanks for the questions.
- January 29, 2015 at 11:26 PM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
It is unlikely that a food "sensitivity" is immunological, since they are rare. Even if it is immunological, the cure is the same as for an intolerance. In both cases missing bacteria needed to be added back.
For kids, I think that it is easiest to repair the gut flora of the entire family and pets. It is unlikely that she alone has dysbiosis, unless she has had antibiotics. Look up my other posts on repair of gut microbiota. Eliminate processed foods, have mud fights, knock off the hyper hygiene, eat veggies from soil to mouth, make sure the dog is digging enough and not washed to much and make your own fermented veggies. If you don't make kraut, you don't really care enough. (That was just for emphasis, to show it is important.)
My view is that the food sensitivities just tell you that there is a problem with gut flora and prebiotic fiber. There is no point in searching out the details of what foods are causing problems, because they all will eventually. It is just easier to cure it with new bacteria and bacteria food/fiber.
Hope this helps. Let me know.
- January 29, 2015 at 11:37 PM
- Terri said...
Hi Dr Ayers, first I want to tell you since I had a scare of a deer tick bite and taking antibiotics and then finding out that I just wrecked by gut biome 1 1/2 yrs ago I found your website on how to fix it. Thank you so much for your work. My husband (65) and I (59) changed our diet to a healthy one (no grains, sugar, processed foods, we are farmers and grow our own beef, pork, chicken and eggs, have a vegi garden that supplies our fermented vegis that we eat - thanks to the Shockey's fermented vegi book), I lost 35 lbs and he lost 23 and lowered all his triglycerides/cholesterol levels. Since then my possible candida symptoms with itchiness, 45 yrs of constipation issues, arthritic hip problems and cracking joints, and sinus issues have gone away. My husband went in to the doctors for is lungs hurting when working outdoors and with heavy exertion 5 days ago. The next thing we know he has to go to emergency because of 1.22 enzyme (triponan) levels in his blood. He ended up with an agiogram and two stents in him (one artery was blocked and very calcified - said probably was years old and it started to reroute itself and he will be put on plavix, aspirin, cholesterol lowering drugs (even though all levels are normal except his ldl is 93 and they want him at 70 >), high blood pressure drug (his blood pressure goes from 175/? to 130/?) and some other drug to thin his blood. He experienced no real heart attack and no damage to his heart....they didn't give us any other options. They tell us he'll be on lifelong drugs or otherwise the blood clots/plaques will create another heart attack. We are tweaking the eating further making sure he loses more weight - he carries visceral fat in his abdomen - potbelly
How can I get him off all these drugs? I don't trust the medical field and I'm not sure what to do next, have any suggestions. (BTW...never go to the hospital on the weekend!!)
- January 30, 2015 at 5:55 AM
- Raj said...
- This comment has been removed by the author.
- January 30, 2015 at 11:56 AM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
Two types of genes are associated with autoimmune diseases: HLAs and inflammatory signals.
I just looked at HLA-B27 structure in Chimera and it is obvious that this presenting structure, which looks like a bun with the peptide presented as hot dog, has unusual heparin-binding basic amino acids along the edges of the bun. This means to me that as the B27/peptide complex is exposed on the surface for Tcells, the presentation is controlled by membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Loading of the B27 with peptides may also be controlled by heparin-like molecules binding.
The upshot of this discussion, is that B27 may predispose to autoimmunity, but the conditions needed for autoimmunity to develop, infammation with Treg deficiency, are determined by the integrity of the gut microbiota. Klebsiella may just be an indicator of gut dysbiosis, inflammation and Treg deficiency.
Thanks for your questions.
- January 30, 2015 at 12:36 PM
Just this week I've read an article about a company which is responsible for inserting probiotics into the ventilation system of closed buildings such as malls etc in few countries.
It was said that the ventilation system of such places is a good place for bad bacteria to develop.
It was also said that it helps with chronic asthma etc.
It made me wonder what about the bacteria of the lungs? Is there such thing as lungs' microbiome and is it as important as the guts'?
It would be very interesting if you write a post or two about the microbiome of the lungs, skin etc.
- January 30, 2015 at 1:11 PM
Hey Doc!
Been following your blog for years, and it has really given me a whole new understanding of health and disease. So, thank you!
I hope you can take the time to give me some advice on my condition.
Over the last couple of years I've slowly been rebuilding my gut microbiota (which was completely destroyed) through fermented foods, prebiotics, 1 microbiota transplantation, and several of the other methods you have outlined on this blog.
My gut is now a lot better, but still not 100%.
During these years I've also been experiencing several other health problems, including acne vulgaris, low libido, and "fatigue". All of which I thought were a consequence of my disrupted gut.
As my gut health has improved, so has my acne, and both my skin and gut is now pretty good. However, over the last year my libidio has not gone up, but rather down. I can also feel that I perform poorly in the gym. Compared to before (I've been lifting for many years), my strength gains are poor, and it actualy feels like my body is "resisting" heavy lifting. I can feel that something is not right, and I find it hard to believe that me ageing a couple of years would have such a dramatic effect (I'm in my twenties).
I took a blood test which showed that my testosterone levels had dropped since I last took a test 4-5 years ago, but they are still within the range of what is considered normal.
Do you have any tips for me? It's higly appreciated.
- January 31, 2015 at 6:56 AM
- glib said...
All great advice in the title. But why not "no alcohol"? It does kill a lot of bacteria. And I suspect that coffee, too, has a negative effect on the biota.
- January 31, 2015 at 8:51 AM
Anynoymous above here: Forgot to add that I also took two courses of Isotretinoin for my acne a couple of years back, but since the fatigue, muscle "weakness", and low libido didn't kick in until more recently, I'm not sure if it is connected. Perhaps it might be.
- January 31, 2015 at 8:57 AM
Anon, add some pumpkin seeds or bee pollen to increase low libido and improve testosterone.
- February 1, 2015 at 7:05 AM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
Acne, Accutane and libido,
I thought that Accutane was pulled from the market for being too dangerous. I think it is a stem cell toxin.
Do a Google search for "Accutane libido"
- February 1, 2015 at 3:36 PM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
The lung microbiota is being studied and there is influence from the gut and vice versa. The gut microbiota health is important in the course of lung problems.
- February 1, 2015 at 3:41 PM
Hi Art,
If vitamins are being used for quorum sensing etc, would that mean that taking vitamin K (MK4) for example could create an environment in which the bacteria that used MK4 to communicate were mislead and therefore, presumably, selected against, leaving you with less gut generated exogenous MK4 than you would otherwise have?
- February 2, 2015 at 12:35 AM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
Hi Richard (please don't tell people you are a friend),
You caught me in a slight hyperbole for clarity.
I am trying to provide a different perspective on vitamins to explain why they are produced by our gut bacteria and not us. Bacteria do nothing for gratis or our benefit. They wreak of entitlement and free lunches. And they are very chatty in biofilms and messages that they surreptitiously pass in class are made of vitamins or "chatters."
My generalization has some obvious flaws, since the vitamin designation applied to vitamin D and C doesn't make sense on the outset. So MK4 is probably not a signal like the B vitamins.
But, in general, I think that taking vitamins will mess up healthy biofilms and lead to health issues. Vitamins may be the entry drug for the medical industry. Vitamins start to disrupt your gut microbiota and gradually lead to more interventions to make you a better consumer patient.
Thanks for stopping by.
- February 2, 2015 at 12:53 AM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
I don't think that a little alcohol is a big deal with respect to gut bacteria. Afterall, most of the bacteria are in the colon and most of the alcohol never reaches there. Alcohol is very good for eradicating H. pylori and improves the effectiveness of antibiotic treatments. H. pylori is disappearing in America, probably because of the general antibiotic activity of common medicines. The common American Diet and associated medicines make the stomach too toxic for H. pylori.
Coffee is just a typical plant extract, crude essential oil, so it is loaded with "antioxidants", aka phytoalexins or natural antibiotics.
It is nice to know that plants have lots of naturally toxic chemicals in them, but they are of minimal risk, because your body has ample detox mechanisms and so do your gut bacteria. Biofilms protect many of our gut bacteria from phytochemicals.
Thanks for the questions.
- February 2, 2015 at 1:12 AM
Dr Art Ayers, you've mentioned that pharmaceutical drugs have an antibiotic-like activity and will unfortunately disrupt the gut flora...is this also the case for injected insulin too?
It'd be unfortunate to read that it is, especially since its the very thing that keeps Type 1 Diabetics alive.
- February 2, 2015 at 3:32 AM
- elliebelly said...
Dr. Ayers,
Do vaccines damage our gut ?
- February 2, 2015 at 1:15 PM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
Most injected drugs have a much lower impact on gut bacteria than those that are taken orally, because the concentration in the gut is dramatically different. In addition, insulin is a protein, so it won't leak from blood to the bacteria in the gut. Also insulin is not like other drugs that started out as a plant polyphenolic and was then repurposed as a drug.
So insulin is no big deal for gut flora.
Note that gut bacteria adapt readily to antibiotics and they will also adapt readily to drugs. Unfortunately, we may not like that one of the common ways that bacteria adapt is by picking up multiple drug resistance plasmids.
Thanks for the question.
- February 2, 2015 at 1:30 PM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
Vaccines are usually proteins from viruses or bacteria, which are injected into tissue and stimulate antibody production. The stimulate part is sometimes enhanced with chemicals called adjuvants. Proteins that don't produce antibodies aggressively themselves need stronger adjuvants to produce adequate antibody responses.
In any case, the vaccine components will not usually reach the gut, so they are not an issue for gut bacteria.
The problem with most vaccines, is that they don't work or they are very short term, and they pass little protection to offspring. Most people my age got mild cases of measles as kids and were already partially protected, because our mothers had measles. Now the vaccines provide partial protection to those vaccinated and little protection is passed on. That is only good for the vaccine industry, because the population is never fully protected even if fully vaccinated, and boosters will now be required continuously. Immunity for previously common diseases is declining.
I know how to make vaccines better, but no one is asking.
Thanks for the question.
- February 2, 2015 at 1:43 PM
What do you think the difference is between the vitamins one gets from a "pill" vs. the vitamins one gets in whole foods? Why would the pill be a problem, but not the food? Intuitively, it makes sense to me, but I'm curious what you think.
- February 2, 2015 at 2:45 PM
Hi Art,
I am not the Richard that you are thinking of, but would of course be happy to be considered a friend. I was not trying to catch you out or anything of the sort. I don't know much about biology and have learned what little I "know" in an attempt to deal with chronic fatigue, chronic migraine and all the issues that have come from living with them.
I asked about MK4 because: a) I'm taking it; b) I realise that even though I take it with lipids and bile salts, a large amount (from the perspective of the bacteria) will still make it into the colon unabsorbed; and c) I know that the menaquinones are produced by bacteria used to make cheese, natto and various fermented vegetables.
I could have as easily asked about the other vitamins and supplements that I am or have been taking. My thought was that if your gut contained large doses of quorum sensing molecules, or other molecules that are of a sufficiently similar structure to work as quorum sensing molecules, the noise would outstrip the signal and in consequence the bacteria that used those molecules would begin to act disadvantageously and their population would therefore decline. The concern was obviously about the large doses that we use when we a deficient (5-45mg for MK4 hundreds of milligrams for b1, b2, b3, b5, grams for vitamin c!) might cause dysbiosis and in particular a dysbiosis that could, by taking out the bacteria that produce that vitamin, be setting you up for a long term deficiency in that very vitamin.
- February 2, 2015 at 5:11 PM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
I guess all Richard are not interchangeable.
I think that your fears of vitamin induced dysbiosis are reasonable, since modern high dose vitamins are certainly something that gut flora and the human gut would not naturally experience.
Bacteria in biofilms along the whole length of the gut are probably the major source of vitamins and dietary plants are probably of no consequence. Vitamins may be in plants to inhibit plant pathogens from forming biofilms.
Thanks for the questions.
- February 2, 2015 at 5:23 PM
- Old Road Primitives said...
Dr Ayers, I've read your postings on Probiotic 3 & Potato Starch for autoimmune disease & allergies but what are you thoughts on "leaky gut" (which seems to be the rage these days)? Also, I read that fermented foods raise homocysteine levels, do you have any thoughts on this? & Can I ask which Probiotic 3 you recommend? Thanks so much! I'm loving your Blog and appreciate the information that you are giving out! Kim
- February 3, 2015 at 4:06 PM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
I was talking about Probiotic-3, Advanced Orthomolecular Research, because it has Clostridium butyricum that grows on RS and produces butyrate. RS is just the most basic of the prebiotic soluble fibers and happens to be available by the tablespoon. It is probably more favorable to eat RS and other prebiotics in whole foods, but that is probably no big deal.
Fermented foods and homocysteine - no thoughts
Leaky gut seems to me to be the response of the gut to stressed gut bacteria. So the gut flushes away the local gut bacteria and takes in some bacterial LPS into the blood stream and produces inflammation and liver defense proteins, e.g. DNAse I. So it is a defense and should be just temporary and reset, just as inflammation is a healing cycle and leads back to a normal status.
Thanks for the questions.
- February 3, 2015 at 4:26 PM
- Allison Hurst said...
Okay, I am asking. How do you make vaccines better?
Also, I read about your comments on metformin. I have taken in for a while to help with PCOS and the road towards menapause. My gut bacteria has probably already changed. Would it be better to just keep on taking it or stop?
- February 4, 2015 at 10:08 AM
Please elaborate low impact introduction of new bacteria?
List some vegetables that can be helpful in improving gut microbes and which ones to avoided.
Some veggies causes me problem like if i take spinach it comes out undigested as it is in stool.Any remedies for this
Can consuming colloidal silver improve ibs??
Thanks a lot.
- February 4, 2015 at 12:55 PM
Some studies says consuming alcohol in moderation
can help in decreasing symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. How?? Whats your thoughts on this.
- February 4, 2015 at 1:09 PM
i think you wrote about PEG as a good thing, "PEG may end up being a general treatment for many diseases. It could be followed by a fecal transplant from a healthy individual. That may be the future of medicine, handling" did things changed?
- February 5, 2015 at 10:28 AM
Dr. Ayers, just a few simple but important, for me, questions (sorry for the off topics):
MS, as autoimmune disease, can respond well to a Gut Flora Repair Plan / Anti-Inflammatory Diet Plain for life?
The integrations you recommend always are Omega3, Vit. D3, Vit. C, Acetylcisteine (glutathione)?
Are EPA-DHA particularly effective since they pass easily the Blood Brain Barrier?
The conventional MS treatment (I suppose Immunosuppressor) vanish the Plan or is it possible a sort of modulation or integration between your Plain and conventional treatment.
Thank you Dr. Ayers
- February 10, 2015 at 10:59 AM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
Kay Dee,
I see MS as an autoimmune disease that passes across the blood brain barrier. The BBB like the kidney/urine barrier is supported by heparan sulfate, but the HS is blocked by inflammation. Thus, chronic inflammation breeches the BBB and permits immune attack of the nerve sheath.
The Anti-Inflammatory Diet that I outline helps to avoid diet-based chronic inflammation and suppresses inflammation from other sources, so it helps to reestablish the BBB, which is good for MS.
The autoimmune part of MS requires continued disfunction of the tolerance part of the immune system. (Typical treatments tend to wipe out the remaining aggressive part of the immune system that is attacking the nervous system.) The root cause of MS is defective development of the suppressive part of the immune system in the gut in response to particular species of gut microbiota, e.g. Clostridia.
Repair of the gut microbiota should stop the progression and perhaps reverse the attack by the immune system by redeveloping immune tolerance of the nerve proteins. I discuss repair in several other posts. The important point that is missed in attempts to repair gut bacteria is that particular new bacterial species must be added to the gut, i.e. eaten. The cure is ultimately new bacteria plus prebiotic fiber to feed them.
It seems to me that the cure for MS is the Anti-inflammatory Diet plus repair of gut microbiota. I don't see this approach as in conflict with conventional attack on the aggressive immune system except that drugs used may be antibiotics that kill gut microbiota.
Thanks for the questions.
- February 10, 2015 at 1:22 PM
- Dan Reese said...
I would image our gut flora would recover well in these occasional situations - cleanse/diarrhea/enema - However, the individuals doing cleanses likely already have some level of damaged flora to begin with since they are seeking digestive relief, weight-loss, etc.
- February 10, 2015 at 10:29 PM
- glib said...
"Bacteria in biofilms along the whole length of the gut are probably the major source of vitamins and dietary plants are probably of no consequence. Vitamins may be in plants to inhibit plant pathogens from forming biofilms."
wow, this goes against anything that is taught in nutrition. but it is possible. why, for example, the Swiss high mountain people are healthy, in Weston Price's book, if they eat milk and other dairy, rye bread, plus some roots and meat, about six months a year?
- February 11, 2015 at 9:57 AM
- Annoy said...
Hi Dr. Ayers
My Naturopath told me that studies show that introduced probiotics don't take up residence permantly and even the best ones only stay in the digestive tract for about 2 weeks. He told me that they don't yet understand why this is. I have been sick for some ten years and with gut issues, joint problems, weight loss and easy fatigue. The worst symptom is brain fog that comes on when I eat just about anything but worst with sweets. It comes on very quickly and cause blurry vision, balance problems and inability to think clearly and slurred speech like am drunk. It got so bad at one point I nearly had to quit working. Anyway to cut a long story short I stopped taking all the supplements and started on fermented foods and made the most improvements in years. I am going to start soil based probiotics next with prebiotics. Also my joint pain disappeared and I have been able to return to exercise which has made me so much happier. anyway thanks it was through your blog and Dr.Grace Lui's that I started to get my life back.
- February 12, 2015 at 1:30 AM
- David Bird said...
Re alcohol.
I am pretty sure that straight spirits would effect the biome of the mouth and throat. Not sure if this matters but a good balance of healthy bacteria in the mouth is important to maintain healthy teeth and avoid colds. I think over chlorinated public swimming pools damage the immune system in the Ear, Nose Throat area. I got so many colds after swimming I gave up and only swim in lakes and rivers now.
- February 12, 2015 at 9:04 AM
Dr. Ayers,
You said, "I know how to make vaccines better, but no one is asking."
I'm asking.
- February 14, 2015 at 7:11 PM
- TheKumaraKid said...
Hi Dr. Ayers,
I love your blog. After reading your blog I'm began taking soil based probiotics, that is until I learned about fermenting foods. I bought your friends' book. The results have been great, I finally had again the clarity of thought, healing of skin, and an easy time on the toilet that I last had as a child.
So naturally I have been printing out and sharing your blog with family who also have auto-immune disorders and food intolerances, however they stumble on the more technical terms and then give up reading the blog.
Could you please reproduce your 3 health diagrams or another summary in more simple English so that more people will benefit from the findings of your research? Or perhaps a publish a book?
Keep up the great work!!
- February 15, 2015 at 12:06 AM
Dr. Ayers,
My husband has another auto-immune disease. First one, type one diabetes. Second one, sarcoidosis. It's been two years since his diagnosis and we have avoided steroids. He was doing better, now he is doing badly again,not able to work and barely functioning. The doctor says we will have to do steroids, or he won't qualify for disability pension.
My husband hates saurkraut, always has. Things all the fermented stuffis awful. He was willing to do potato starch, but withe all the in-fighting over RS2 and RS3, I have not given him any. He was raised on canned milk, never breastfed. I see the steroids as a slippery slope to complete dysfunction. He is only 50 years old.
- February 15, 2015 at 5:41 PM
Dr. A,
Love the blog!
Wondering if you consider doing an entry (or share your thoughts) on beans.
Again, love the blog...thanks so much for all your time and effort.
- February 23, 2015 at 5:32 PM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
All I can say about beans:
I eat them.
They provide a glucan prebiotic that is good for gut flora.
People have problems with beans, because they are lacking the bacteria to digest the prebiotic. I have several posts on repairing gut bacteria.
Thanks for the comments.
- February 23, 2015 at 5:39 PM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
I cannot understand how people will refuse to change eating habits. If they just persist for three weeks, their tastes will change. It is that simple. That is why they have kids eat one bite each day.
The RS2/3 quarrel is silly. The point is that potato starch is easy and useful for many people. Some people lack the bacteria to digest RS2, so they can just take Probiotic-3 with C. butyricum. In all cases, it is better to eat whole vegetables with several different prebiotic fibers. So, don't get distracted by arguments and feed your microbiota with prebiotics.
Thanks for the questions.
- February 23, 2015 at 5:46 PM
Hi Dr,
Thank you for all the amazing information. My question is regarding pathogens...I just had a slew of tests done with a DC, I have hashi's, elevated a1c & cholesterol,trashed adrenals and sex hormones, chronic constipation, like never remember having a normal bowl movement, except when pregnant?? My stool test revealed low bacterial diversity (shocking, I know!) and high levels of klebsiella pneuomoniae, eosinophil protein x and prevotella. After all that my question is do you believe it's necessary to kill pathogens with herbals etc or to move right into ferments.. I started fermenting and using resistant starch and was having no measurable improvement. Thanks! Marianne
- February 23, 2015 at 6:57 PM
- glib said...
under the influence of this blog I have started adding pieces of ACV mother to my smoothies about once a week, with excellent results. I don't think I ever had such a long run of apparently good gut health.
I have found that 4-days beans (2 days soaked, 2 days germinated) are much lighter than regular beans or potatoes for that matter. Next I have to try 2-days fermented grains. all little but not insignificant improvements to one's health.
- February 24, 2015 at 10:00 PM
Dear Dr. Ayers,
Hi! Thanks for the feedback. Sorry to have an irritating post. I didn't know my husband was so limited in his food selection until after we got married.
There is a story behind each refusal. Among other issues, he is sensitive to smell and texture of food. Perhaps a little on the Autism Spectrum... and a fair bit of stubbornness.
Over the years, working within the limitations and never tricking him, I have introduced some new foods. Raised the quality too. He used to eat at McDonald's daily and now he has declared himself "alllergic".
I will keep working on him. Perhaps starting with pills and fibers. Maybe someday ferments. If I had my way we would have a kitchen full of crocks bubbling away, and a shaggy dog at my feet.
I enjoy your research and writings. Thanks again. N.
- February 24, 2015 at 10:12 PM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
Fermented veggies provide three things:
1. Lactobacilli, like dairy probiotics that do not grow in the gut, but provide immune system development as they pass through, i.e. temporary function
2. Veggies are converted into prebiotic fiber to feed gut bacteria in the colon that convert fiber into short chain fatty acids that feed other bacteria that make up half of normal stools and prevent constipation.
3. Some of the normal gut bacteria that will repair your damaged gut flora.
Resistant starch is just the food for some of the essential gut bacteria needed for development of the immune system. Eating RS will increase the population of healthy gut bacteria in the colon, but only if the bacteria are already present in small numbers. In your case, your constipation indicates that most of the essential species of gut bacteria have been killed off. Some probiotics, e.g. Probiotic-3 and soil based, may be sources of a small number of the types of bacteria that you are missing.
An indication that you are starting to establish bacteria in your colon will be normal bowel stools in response to eating RS or apples and other prebiotic fiber.
Let me know of your progress.
- February 26, 2015 at 1:43 PM
Do you consider Fermented Cod Liver Oil/High Vitamin Butter Oil a supplement? I've been taking a teaspoon of it for years; now I wonder if this might be a mistake? Thanks!
- March 4, 2015 at 2:49 PM
- herve said...
Thanks for your stance on colon cleanse. We see them everywhere in the alternative health industry, i've always thought it was a bunch of baloney but nevery really knew the reasons behind why they are wrong.
- March 11, 2015 at 6:51 AM
I thought of you and your gut work when I saw this video on Autism being connected to gut bacteria...clostridium Suppress the bacteria and the kid does much better but if antibiotic is withheld the ASD behavior returns. Our microwaved society is triggering the clostridium to explode...cell phones, ipads, iphones, wifi, televisions all emitting blue light frequency. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bJHetXfqaHU&app=desktop
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- June 2, 2015 at 6:04 AM
Dear Dr. Ayers,
First of all, thank you so much for your generous efforts in making this world a healthier place!
I've been struggling with an inflammation in the great saphenous vein (left leg), for which I was repeatedly wrongly advised by various doctors based on a venous reflux in the echo-doppler test;—result: they all said to operate, INSTEAD of looking into the root problem!
Had I listened, I wouldn't have found out so much (Michael Pollan's books, Sandor Katz's fermentations, Weston Price, etc.) about what is wrong with my nutrition;—although plenty of fruit & veggies, mom taught us margarine, low fat, carbs etc.
Only recently, after months of reading did I realize that my nutrition had excessive Omega 6 intake!
For the past 9 months, I've been almost sofa-ridden trying to get control of the veins associated to the great saphenous vein, that are not really varicose or twisted but are swollen and blue, until I realized I was eating too much fruit and not taking enough Omega 3 in conjunction with saturated fat.
I had followed the classic organic apple cider vinegar remedy with a bit of sodium bicarbonate (2 soupspoons vinegar with 1/8 of sodium bicarbonate to alkalize in a glass of water, twice daily), which resulted in loosing excessively weight (20Kg.) and I was a thin but strong runner of 75Kg/height: 1.80m, but I got much better, —though only very, very slowly!
I am sticking to the anti-inflammatory diet: so no starch&carbs, by eating a variety of veggies/leafy greens with fish and seafood, and only 1 piece of fruit after dinner.
I also take with breakfast Seven Seas high strength cod liver oil which contains about 4000mg EPA&DHA and 2000i.u. Vit. A (Retinol), about 10microgr. Vit. D, and 15microgr. of Vit. E, together with some 10% fat greek yogurt and some veggies with butter to stimulate bile activity as you mention.
At lunch: seafood or fish with veggies and 500mg of Vit. C and an overall supplement that contains the following in small amounts: Glucosamine sulphate, Magnesium, Silicium, Calcium, Pantothenic acid, Fluor and Vit. B1, B2, B3, B6, B12.
And for dinner again: big mixed salad or steamed veggies with fish or seafood, occasionally an egg and 1 x Daflon 500mg tablet (Hesperidin, Isorhoifolin, Linarin and Diosmetin) so that I can have one fruit, since the flavonoids seem to control also blood sugar or insulin spike. In the afternoon I take a short sun-bath of about 35min, to get some more Vit. D, although my fat deposits are so depleted that I am struggling probably to synthesize it properly. Curcumin with a bit of black pepper diluted in some water, also helped when I was experiencing burning and stinging in the vein in the past, within 30-45min everything would calm down and I am now only applying some organic apple cider vinegar wraps around the leg, which seems to help tighten the veins, stimulate circulation and provide a host of enzymes and minerals to the surface veins in treatment.
Based on your anti-inflammatory regime, I saw drastic results within less than a week, in what has become an ordeal of over 9 months in which various other veins became blue, spider veins appeared around my ankles and larger veins swelling up. temporarily when standing for too long, and then starting to disappear again with prolonged days of rest and plenty of vinegar.
(Compression socks made it worse, so I skipped them.)
I am indebted to you, and express my gratitude for teaching me the potential inflammatory impact of sugars in fruit (and not only), which I was eating in excess 6-8 pieces per day, to keep an adequate vitamin intake and energy level since I skipped completely on starch and carbohydrates of any kind, but did not see the improvement I saw in the last week.
If you have the time, and it's not too much to ask, could you perhaps be so kind to have a look... if there is any improvement to be made in what I am already successfully applying?
With tremendous respect and gratitude,
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- August 6, 2015 at 6:33 AM
Hi -
Just wondering if you have any thoughts on the big controversy brewing over Cod Liver Oil vs. Fermented Cod Liver Oil? You say most vitamins are made by our gut bacteria, but why do so many in the Ancestral Health Movement, those who believe strongly in eating fermented foods to create a healthy gut micro biome, still feel taking CLO is beneficial? Can you comment on this? Thanks!
- August 29, 2015 at 3:11 PM
- Dr. Art Ayers said...
There doesn't seem to be much of a controversy and several authorities have commented. There doesn't seem to be much of a difference. I don't understand why fermentation has been brought into the mix. Fermented cod liver oil, doesn't seem to me to be related to fermented veggies, i.e. essentially dairy probiotics plus prebiotic fiber. There doesn't seem to me to be an obvious relationship between CLO and a healthy gut microbiome. Omega-3s are good and beneficial in the context of inflammation. So, CLO or FCLO may be helpful therapeutically, but they shouldn't be of much benefit to healthy people/healthy guts.
Fermented veggies are beneficial because they provide lactic acid related bacteria that are surrogates for a healthy gut microbiota with respect to immune system development. Homemade ferments provide the extra benefit of stray bacteria that can actually contribute to the gut microbiome. FCLO would presumably be of minimal benefit in this context, because the bacteria present are from commercial starter cultures.
Thanks for the questions.
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Dear Dr. Ayers
What do you think of the "Auto Immune Protocol"? I suffer from numerous intolerances and I am intrigued by your clostridium butyricum and resistant starch approach. Would be possible that your approach made it unnecessary to do such a strict protocol? How long would you wait to reintroduce foods that I am intolerant for to test?
Thanks so much for your work!
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This report was updated on 9/1 to reflect the response of the DoJ to Microsoft's test Vista system.
California and several other states have authored a report evaluating the efficacy of the Department of Justice's 2001 settlement with Microsoft. California's attorney general and representatives of other states that make up what is called the California Group believe that the government's scrutiny of Microsoft should extend beyond the November 12 expiration date stipulated in the settlement. The group will have a conference with Judge Kollar-Kotelly on September 11 to discuss its objections.
Meanwhile, the Department of Justice on Friday gave Microsoft an okay for changes it has made to the Windows Vista operating system aimed at addressing the complaints registered by Google earlier this year. The DoJ also said that Microsoft was generally in compliance in other areas of monitoring, too. The DoJ's report was not a response to the California Group, but it does highlight the difference in opinions on the settlement.
Hence we have a bit of a stand-off forming, with the DoJ and Microsoft on one side, and several powerful states on the other. In what follows, we examine the California's Group's complaint as well as Microsoft's response to it.
Microsoft to be a repeat offender?
The settlement, which was reached in 2001 after Microsoft was found by the courts to be in violation of the Sherman antitrust act, established a consent decree agreement which required Microsoft to allow original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and end users to easily replace or remove standard Microsoft "middleware" products like Internet Explorer, Outlook Express, and Windows Media Player. The consent decree agreement also prohibited Microsoft from retaliating against vendors that bundled or distributed third-party software. Microsoft's compliance with these terms has been monitored by court-appointed officials who investigate complaints issued by other companies.
According the report issued by the California Group, Microsoft's operating system market share, which still exceeds 90 percent, is evidence that the terms of the settlement negotiated by the Department of Justice have not adequately remedied the detrimental impact of Microsoft's prior anticompetitive behavior. Although the California Group report acknowledges that Microsoft has adequately complied with the requirements of the consent decree agreement, the states believe that Microsoft would resume using anticompetitive behavior if the terms of the settlement are permitted to expire in November as scheduled. Additionally, the California Group argues that pushing back the expiration date of the agreement is further necessitated by the recent release of Windows Vista, which they argue warrants further scrutiny.
"When the remedial regime imposed by the Court expires in large part in November 2007, the principal constraint on Microsoft's ability to abuse its market power will be gone," the report states. "There is no way of knowing whether Microsoft will continue to refrain from engaging in the anticompetitive conduct enjoined by the Final Judgment once it has expired and plaintiffs are no longer able to enforce it... Termination of Microsoft's obligations and of plaintiffs' oversight, including plaintiffs' ability to investigate complaints and review Microsoft's internal records, will remove a significant constraint on Microsoft's behavior."
Microsoft responds
Microsoft filed its own report with the courts in response to the report issued by the California Group. In its report, Microsoft notes its compliance with all of the requirements of the consent decree and argues that the significant changes in the technology industry that have transpired since the settlement indicate the presence of broader competition.
"Fundamental changes have taken place in the information technology ('IT') industry that the California Group fails to note. Those changes reflect dynamic competitive forces at work," Microsoft's report argues. To support this, the report points out that web-based applications have "impacted the applications barrier to entry said to protect Microsoft's leading share in PC operating systems," and that OEMs now "distribute numerous non-Microsoft software products on their new personal computers."
Microsoft also argues that the Windows operating system market share isn't an appropriate metric to use for evaluating the efficacy of Microsoft's settlement with the Department of Justice. Microsoft argues that the company's dominance in the operating system market wasn't obtained illegally, and that anticompetitive practices were, according to the court's findings, only used to maintain that dominant position. Microsoft further argues that since the company no longer uses any of those practices—and even the California Group acknowledges that fact—the terms of the settlement have succeeded in equalizing competition.
"The Final Judgments have done exactly what they set out to do, i.e., remedy practices engaged in by Microsoft that were found to be anticompetitive by this Court and the Court of Appeal," the report states. "The Final Judgments were never designed to reduce Microsoft's share in any putative market... That 'metric' misconstrues the purpose of the Final Judgments and overlooks significant changes that have occurred in the IT industry since the Court entered the Final Judgments almost five years ago."
Misguided solutions?
It is arguable that the factors that have most contributed to increasing competition and leveling the playing field in recent years have come in the form of radically innovative business models like those used by open-source software companies. Looking back at the various regulatory remedies that governments have attempted to use to rein in Microsoft to spur competition, it would appear that they have no led to a consensus on their efficacy.
"To the best of the California Group's knowledge, no major OEM has taken advantage of the OEM flexibility provisions of the Final Judgment to designate a web browser other than Microsoft's IE as the default on the Start Menu of its new PC systems," the report says. "Moreover, there is no reason to believe that any decline in IE's usage share is attributable to the Final Judgment."
A big question, of course, is what are the outward signs of increased competition, and of a reformed Microsoft? Need there be OEMs shipping Firefox as the default browser for the government to consider Microsoft defanged? A bigger dip in market share for Windows or IE? How do you know when it works?
That is the question which must be answered, for how else can the government judge whether or not it has succeeded, or whether or not it should extend oversight? To complicate matters, if the California Group's report is read as an indictment of the entire settlement process, it raises the question of what methods, if any, could have made a difference.
Comparing 2007 to 2001, it's hard to say that there isn't more competition. In the world of Windows web browsers, Firefox has done very well, and even Apple brought Safari to Windows. Large OEMs like Dell now sell Linux directly to end users, and Microsoft can't stop them. Yet, if we believe the California Group, Microsoft may very well try once it thinks that the DoJ isn't watching.


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Thursday, December 29, 2016
Today on The Michelangelo Signorile Show on SiriusXM PROGRESS ch.127
Listen to The Michelangelo Signorile Show weekdays live from 3-6 pm ET on SiriusXM Progress 127 and on the SiriusXM iPhone, Blackberry and Android apps. Not a subscriber? Not a problem! Listen online any time with a free thirty-day pass or, if you have an if you have an iPhone or Blackberry, go to the app store and download SiriusXM for free, for a 7-day trial, and listen on your phone.
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This blog provides information on conferences and novelties in the area of Medical Imaging Informatics (MII). MII has a broad scope ranging from the Radiology Information System and Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) to Advanced Visualization and Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD). To find new opportunities in healthcare we need to look at informatics solutions in other areas to apply them into the medical field to achieve higher level healthcare at lower costs.
Wednesday, January 23, 2013
Hands-On With the Next Generation Kinect: PrimeSense Capri
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Haunted Houses - Monroe, MI
Selecting a haunted house in Monroe, MI for a night of shrieks, screams, and laughs can be a difficult decision. When you're ready to visit one of the local horror houses for a frightening night out we can help you locate the scariest haunted attractions in your area.
- Heck of a corn maze - The Heck family farm welcomes you to our haunted farm. Do you dare to step into the largest Haunted attraction in Monroe County. Monsters await you ...
- Heck of a Haunted Barn - 8000 Sq. ft. of Haunted barn. ...
The Best Haunted Attractions in Monroe, MI
Even if you're looking for a local haunted hayride, we've got you covered here at Haunted House Locator. You've come to the right place when it's time to find a good scare from one of the many local haunts. During your search for the perfect haunted house if you notice that we've missed any known Michigan haunted houses then please contact us to let us know!
While many haunted houses can be a great time for the part-time thrill seekers, some adrenaline junkies would much rather search out paranormal activity at some of the many real haunted places in Michigan that we have listed.


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HILLSVILLE — Strong student performance on the Carroll County High School Cavalier Classic yearbook sparked a "three-peat," with the publication earning statewide awards.
It's the third time in a row that the yearbook staff has brought back honors in the Virginia High School League competition, chosen from among 1,000 total entries in three classes, says teacher and advisor Shannon Dalton.
The book, titled "Spark," won first place and the students won many awards for their work.
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20 Reviews
Instant classics .… again.
- Rubber shells extend over your heels and toes to lock out rain, snow, and slush
- Taped seams prevent water from finding a way to sneak in
- 9mm recycled felt boot liners keep your feet warm down to -40 degrees Fahrenheit (-40 C) and are removable for easy cleaning and drying
- Rubber outsoles provide plenty of grip on slippery surfaces
- Item #SRL0120
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- Reviews
What do you think about this product?
Have questions about this product?
Great looking boot.
- Size Bought: 10.5
- Height: 5'10"
- Weight: 185lbs
I have not worn these in the rain or snow but they look and feel nice. I ordered these 3 times with Amazon and returned them all (one had crack in the rubber toe, one full of pet hair , and the last one the removable insole was glued in). I first ordered a size 10, it was snug but I really had to loosen the laces to get on. I ordered 10.5 from BC and they fit great. Easier to get on and I can wear a thicker sock.. These 10.5 fit like some my old Sorel Caribou size 9 (those might be 10 years old though). Boots came with extra pair of red laces and are perfectly brand new, never tried on. Thanks Backcountry.
Great boot!
- Familiarity: I've put it through the wringer
- Fit: True to size
- Size Bought: 10.5
- Height: 6'
- Weight: 290lbs
These are so well made! I am normally 11 in all shoes. These fit a little large, so I exchanged them for a 10.5 and they fit perfect! My foot measures a 10.5 which is why I say they fit true to size. This classic look is so clean and perfect!
Just Okay
They look nice and are warm(ish). Traction is poor and arch support is non existent. Two stars because I expect more from a $140 boot.
I am with you there Mark. Let me know if you would like to exchange them.
Staying Warm looks good !
- Fit: Runs large
Bought these since I am working outside in the mountains in the winter and after using they are definitely warm.
Sizing I would go one full size down from what you would wear in a everyday shoe, thick socks or not*
Would be nice if they did have a little more arch support.
how did I live without these?
- Familiarity: I've put it through the wringer
- Fit: Runs large
I've been surviving Salt Lake winters for 7 years in skate shoes like an idiot. Got a dog last summer, so I realized my regular shoes weren't going to cut it for taking him out twice a day when we were in the middle of single-digit inversions. These things are plenty warm and gave me adequate grip on icy surfaces. Don't know why I didn't get them sooner. Runs large though, I'm usually a 9 and I have a pair of 8s in these that are perfect.
Pretty Decent Boot
- Familiarity: I've used it several times
- Fit: Runs large
OK, so I got this boot because I live in upstate NY where it's cold all winter long. I wanted something that I could wear for walking the dog or shoveling the front walk that would keep my feet warm and dry, but that wasn't as big and clunky as a pac boot. This boot does keep my feet dry, and for the most part it keeps my feet warm. The past few weeks I've been grateful for it because we've had a lot of weather in the teens or lower. For the most part my feet stay warm. My work has carpeting over concrete floors. The air is plenty warm, but my feet still get cold from the cold floor.
They're not nearly as clunky as a pac boot and I can easily slide my pant legs over the top of the boots, but they are pretty sloppy. My foot moves around a lot which pulls my socks down regularly. I normally wear an 8.5 or a 9 in shoes. I ordered these in an 8 and that seems like the right size, but they're still really sloppy. Very little support.
My feet get really cold really easily. I know that I'm not normal in that regard. When I'm out walking my dog when it's basically zero degrees F out, I'm actually pretty warm. When I'm sitting in my car waiting for the heat to warm up my feet are fairly cold, but it's not unbearable. The only time I'm disappointed is when I'm at work with cold feet - the result of the carpet over concrete.
The boot is not clunky, but its not tiny either. It is somewhere between a duck boot and a pac boot. Overall I think this boot does the job. Plus my wife like's the way it looks. We say it looks like what Don Draper would have worn on a hunting trip.
Finally, it's not as involved as a pac boot to put on or take off, but it's not particularly easy either. You really have to loosen up the laces when taking it off to avoid pulling the liner out. Anyway, I'm pretty satisfied with the boot. I just wish it were a little warmer, but that's more an issue with me than the boot.
Very warm stylish boots.
- Familiarity: I've used it several times
- Fit: True to size
This boots are rated for negative 40 degrees and I believe. I have worn them several times times on snowy days in Utah and my feet were toasty. The liner does a great job of wicking away sweat leaving your feet dry.
I gave this boot 4/5 of stars because it is a little difficult to take on and off.
I am normally a size 9.5 and I ordered the 9.5 and it fits great.
Once you go Sorel youll never go back...
I'm thinking about getting a pair, and I'm trying to reference your shoe size to another another shoe (one that i also wear), since all shoe brands run different. Do you wear vans ever? because i wear a 9.5 in vans and I'm wandering if they might run the same as these boots?
Great boots, size down
- Familiarity: I've used it several times
I got an 11 as I usually size up in boots, especially winter ones, to account for thicker socks. May have been a mistake. The 11s are more like 12s and really are not great for driving either. Good however for warmth and style.
Warm, Stylish, but no arch support
- Familiarity: I've used it several times
First off, I picked this boots purely for looks and warmth. Seeing how I'm practically a 70 year old man, trapped in a 25 year old's body, I wanted something that had a classic look to it, much like the ones my father wore to shovel snow when I was young. I found these and thought there were prefect! I did read many comments saying that they tend run large, but I found this not to be true in my case. I typically wear a 10.5, so I ordered a 10, but found it was hard to get them on and off my feet without pulling out the liners and they were a little snug across the top of my foot. I placed another order for a 11 and 12, and found the 11 gave me plenty of room, even with heavy socks. I bought these boot primarily for the near arctic like Wisconsin winter, shoveling snow, walking outside, ice fishing, etc. I've found they are quite warm, but as mentioned in the title, do lack foot support, so I wouldn't suggest these if you're doing a lot of walking or going to be standing for extended periods. Other then that, they are great, have classic lines, and are super warm to boot (no pun intended)
style for miles
- Familiarity: I've used it once or twice and have initial impressions
picked up a pair of these as an alternative to the classic Caribou Sorel. They are sweet! Way lighter than the Caribou model and still waterproof and warm, allthough I feel at extreme cold the caribou is prob a tad warmer. Sweet style and super comfy. They run a touch large but not super huge. Only downside is they take a little time to get on and off, cant just step into them but its not a big deal at all.
Serious business
These boots are solid as can be! Super warm and waterproof. Wool liner is nice and comfy. I would definitely suggest downsizing a half size or a whole size. I normally wear a 9.5 or a 10 and I got these in a 9.
The best of boots!
- Familiarity: I've put it through the wringer
This is an awesome boot! I work in the snow/rain/water/etc and these are perfect for it. They are really warm and comfortable and completley waterproof. They do seem to run a little big so I would size down!
Warm Style
After putting these bad boys to the test in snow and rain conditions they are a classic winter boot that will handle all the slop and then hang at the local watering hole after. They look great fit perfect and keep you locked out of the elements. Grab these classics while you still can!
Phenomenal Boots
Great winter boots that are very warm and totally waterproof. I use them for everything for shoveling snow to hiking around in very deep snow and I have never felt cold. They do run a bit large and they seem to have a slightly narrow toe box. I had to go with my normal size(again, they a bit large) to get a width that was truly comfortable. The downside is the heels are a bit loose, but I just clamp down the laces.
Functional, not quite as "Fashionable"
Functional. I can drive my manual Xterra in these boots! Pac boots are hard to find that will still let me drive a manual, but these function perfectly.
Fit. I normally wear a size 11.5. I bought the 11. They fit well even with a pair of super-thick Smartwool socks. [For comparison, I wear (in other brands): Sidi 45.5; Vasque 11.5; Sperry 11.5].
Warm. These keep my feet warm, even down to 0 (while wearing lightweight wool socks).
Fashionable...ish. They look good. The problem, in my opinion, is that the felt liner goes all the way to the top of the boot. This means that you can't roll the tops down/let them splay out a bit, without the felt inner boot showing. You could fix this by trimming the felt boot, but that lessens the functionality of these boots. This is the ONLY reason I would give these 4 stars.
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Penny Sorel
I wear a 10 in Nike, (27 mondo ski boot), I got these in 9 and they fit perfect. It was snug at first but the toasty removable felt liner breaks in and after it's just right, any smaller would be too small though in the length. It is very wide.
No arch support whatsoever, if you want to put an insole in, you might want to consider sizing up.
I wouldn't wear them to hike long distances since they are sloppy around the ankle and heel, and very bulky.
Warm (hot even), comfy, totally waterproof, and good for walking / standing around in deep snow.
very helpful review!
These boots rock
I bought a pair in my usual size 10 and with some wool socks they fit perfect. No downsizing needed. Super warm and they grip the ice and snow really well.
Good boots, size them down.
These boots just arrived. These have a nice retro look with less bulk than many pac boots, but are still plenty warm. They are sized big. I usually wear a 10.5, but got these in a 10 and still have plenty of room for thick socks or a thin footbed. I plan to wear these before and after skiing, sledding with the kids, and shoveling snow in Northern Utah.
Good boots, size them down.
These boots just arrived. These have a nice retro look with less bulk than many pac boots, but are still plenty warm. They are sized big. I usually wear a 10.5, but got these in a 10 and still have plenty of room for thick socks or a thin footbed. I plan to wear these before and after skiing, sledding with the kids, and shoveling snow in Northern Utah.
do they run big or true to size
do they run big or true to size
From trying mine on today, I'd say they run about 1/2 size large. Unfortunately, BC only carries them in whole sizes. I haven't yet decided if I'll go with my regular shoe size or the next whole size down. The bigger size feels a little sloppy with room for my foot to move around, but the smaller size feels constricting in the instep area.
Write your answer here...order 1/2 size down.i have normal 10 1/2 size feet and the 10 is perfect with 2 layer sock or thick winter socks.
cheers from Gotham!!
charlie brewster.
I usually wear an 11.5. I purchased these in 11. They fit well even with my super heavy weight smartwool socks.
How does insulation in the upper compare...
How does insulation in the upper compare to the Caribou? Looks pretty minimalist. Is there any warm/fuzzy inside?
no warm fuzzy feeling but i have been using these through Gotham's snowstorms and not one single wet drop inside.don't know about the caribou but i bought these due to it's simplicity.looks great with all my gear in my closet.
charlie brewster
I'm curious if you can slip and slide your...
I'm curious if you can slip and slide your foot in/out of this boot with ease, or if you need to lace and unlace everytime you put the foot in. Thanks. Looking for feedback.
You probably need to unlace and relace since if you don't your foot is going to be sliding around, heel coming out etc. But for just walking the dog or something like that it's probably ok.


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I once mentioned on Twitter how much I love rainy days, because I never have to go outside. Then I might have said something about going 5 or 6 days without leaving the house, and hellooooo, Judgey McJudgersons!
Look, internet people, I don't need your pity. I HAVE CATS.
Besides, I DO leave the house on occasion. Sometimes even voluntarily. However, with Florida basically a giant steam sauna filled with mosquitoes right now, I prefer getting my sunshine through a window - and with the A/C at full blast, thankyouverymuch.
Some people think a lack of live social interaction can make you go a little funny in the head, but I say the opposite is true. In fact, every day I see perfectly socialized bakers churning out silent, frosting-soaked pleas for psychological intervention:
The sign says, "Turkey shaped cake." Tell me this isn't a cry for help.
And I'm not talking about special orders here, where you could understand, say, Darth Vader riding a My Little Pony. I'm talking the stuff they put out in the display cases, for all the world to see and quietly back away from, being careful to make no sudden movements.
We call it, "Someone please just make the voices stop screaming."
[P.S. - Two words: "Blue boobs."]
[You're welcome.]
And now, edible ghost chickens, because, yeah, that's perfectly normal:
"Bok Bok B'WoooOOOooo!"
The person who made this deals with people all day.
Let's all take a moment to really let this one sink in:
This, too:
Let's just say I wouldn't invite this baker over to babysit.
(Why are there ghost flies around the edge? And two monsters hiding beside the crib? WHY?)
For all the days I've spent peacefully working at home, it's never once occurred to me to make edible toes out of gummi rabbits.
...and that almost makes me sad; I bet this baker's head would be a fun place to visit.
I clearly remember my pre-blog days, of course, back when I had "normal," people-riddled work places. The worst was the return desk at a TJ Maxx. After a day of dealing with deranged customers who insisted the waffle iron that still had waffles in it was "never used," I'm pretty sure even these would've looked like a good idea:
The trick is to eat them before they start talking.
So remember, extroverts, before you judge us hermits hiding behind the blinds and dressing our cats as Stargate characters, sometimes getting out of the house isn't always the answer.
Sometimes people just do better on their own.
And sometimes the mutant Strawberry Ladybug thing just needs to die.
Hey Jill E., Niomi W., Anony M., Brocha S., Kelly W., Susan K., Carolyn T., Bethany, & Dani S, party at my place? Doctor Meow-Kay and Tail-La would love to meet you!
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Brunswick County Sheriff's deputies investigated the following incidents last week, which are taken directly from sheriff's office incident reports:
•Larceny of utilities on Eagles Nest Drive in Leland; suspect tampered with power meter box.
•Larceny on Myrtlehead Road; suspect took items from victim's vehicle.
•Communicating threats on River Road in Leland; suspect left a threatening message on victim's phone.
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Delaware • New Jersey • Pennsylvania
New York • United States of America
The Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC) was created on October 27, 1961, when concurrent compact legislation ratified by Delaware, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and the U.S. Congress became law. The Delaware River Basin Compact describes the powers and duties of the commission, and over the past half a century the DRBC has put into place various programs to carry out its responsibilities. These relate to water supply (Article 4), pollution control (Article 5), flood protection (Article 6), watershed management (Article 7), recreation (Article 8), regulation of withdrawals and diversions (Article 10), and intergovernmental relations (Article 11).
Article 3 requires the DRBC to formulate and adopt a Comprehensive Plan for the immediate and long-range development and uses of the water resources of the basin and a multi-year water resources program consistent with the Comprehensive Plan. The compact further provides that no project having a substantial effect on the water resources of the basin shall be undertaken unless it shall have been first submitted to and approved by the commission. In accordance with Section 3.8 of the compact, the DRBC is required to approve a project whenever it finds and determines that the project would not substantially impair or conflict with the Comprehensive Plan. The commission provides by regulation for the procedure of submission, review, and consideration of projects and for its determinations pursuant to Section 3.8.
Choose one of the above tabs in the navigation bar for detailed information on the various program areas.
Copyright © Delaware River Basin Commission,
P.O. Box 7360, West Trenton, NJ 08628-0360
Phone (609)883-9500; Fax (609)883-9522
Thanks to NJ for hosting the DRBC website


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The Helioviewer Project API - Libraries
The Helioviewer Project is an open-source project designed to enable everyone to explore the sun and its inner heliosphere. The project allows users to view all kinds of features and events, including coronal cavities, coronal jets, coronal rains, eruptions, filaments, flares, oscillations, sunspots, and more. The Helioviewer Project is funded by the ESA and NASA. Its datasets can be accessed programmatically via REST API.


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OTTAWA - Thanks to a single court decision, the federal government's responsibilities for Canada's Aboriginal Peoples have suddenly become a whole lot bigger.
After more than 13 years of legal wrangling, the Federal Court ruled on Tuesday that Metis and non-status Indians are indeed "Indians" under a section of the Constitution Act, and fall under federal jurisdiction.
The decision adds to the mounting pressure on Stephen Harper to rethink the way Ottawa deals with native populations, who are among the most impoverished in Canada.
The ruling helps to clarify the relationship between Ottawa and the hundreds of thousands of aboriginal people in Canada who are not affiliated with specific reserves and have essentially no access to First Nations programs, services and rights. The Congress of Aboriginal Peoples estimates their ranks at more than 600,000.
"This is huge and it ends the denial of aboriginal birthrights that has existed for far too long among off-reserve Métis and non-status Indians," said Betty Ann Lavallee, national chief of the congress.
"Today is a very emotional day for me and a very hopeful day for all off-reserve aboriginal peoples."
In his decision, Federal Court Judge Michael Phelan rejected the federal government's attempts to maintain a narrow definition of who can be considered Indian.
He waded through centuries of aboriginal history to look at definitions of who has been considered Indian in the past, and how they were treated — by native communities and by various levels of government.
The case for Canada's non-status Indians was more clear-cut than the case for Metis, but on balance, historical evidence weighs in favour of the Metis too, he wrote.
"The recognition of Metis and non-status Indian as Indians under section 91(24) should accord a further level of respect and reconciliation by removing the constitutional uncertainty surrounding these groups," Phelan writes.
Estimates of precisely how many Metis and non-status Indians there are in Canada vary widely, but demographers say both populations are growing rapidly. Statistics Canada reported some 400,000 Metis in the 2006 census; specific ethnic data from the 2011 census isn't due for release until next year.
While the decision does not go so far as to declare that the federal government has a fiduciary responsibility to the group, it says such duties would flow automatically now that their standing has been clarified.
"There is no dispute that the Crown has a fiduciary relationship with aboriginal people both historically and pursuant to section 35 (of the Constitution)," Phelan writes.
However, he adds: "That duty is not an open-ended undefined obligation but must be focused on a specific interest."
Legal experts expect the federal government to appeal the decision, partly because its implications are major — and complicated.
If left to stand, the ruling would affect a wide range of provincial and federal policies, said Robert Janes, a Victoria lawyer who focuses on aboriginal issues but was not involved in the case.
Governments would now have a duty to consult with non-status Indians and Metis on changes to law and policy, he said. And they will have to revisit the scope of their social services, economic development and protections for aboriginals.
"This is going to require a lot of bureaucratic re-thinking and policy development, and it's going to be years of figuring this out."
Until now, he said, many non-status or Metis people have grown up in households where their half-brothers and half-sisters on reserves had access to hunting and fishing rights, or funding for post-secondary education — services they themselves were denied because of their parentage.
Instead, they were told they were a provincial responsibility, only to have the provinces tell them they were the purview of the federal government — leaving a growing number of people in a jurisdictional limbo.
The Congress of Aboriginal Peoples and several Metis and non-status Indians took the federal government to court in 1999 alleging discrimination because they are not considered "Indians" under a section of the Constitution Act.
They argued they are entitled to some or all of the same rights and benefits as on-reserve First Nations members.
They say that includes access to the same health, education and other benefits Ottawa gives status Indians; being able to hunt, trap, fish and gather on public land; and the ability to negotiate and enter into agreements with the federal government.
Indeed, negotiations should start Friday when Harper meets with First Nations leaders on treaty and aboriginal rights, said Lavallee, who also argued she should be included in those talks because of the new status accorded by Tuesday's decision.
The decision should push the federal government to sit down and negotiate agreements on lands, resources, self-government and social services, the Metis Nation Saskatchewan said in a press release.
The federal government had little to say Tuesday, but hinted it would be considering an appeal.
"We are reviewing the court's decision to determine the next steps," said Jan O'Driscoll, spokesman for Aboriginal Affairs Minister John Duncan.
"Our government continues to work in partnership with all aboriginals across Canada to address shared priorities such as education, economic development and jobs."
He noted that the Federal Court said its decision is not about "the interpretation or application of particular rights either under the Constitution or under specific agreements, nor is it about aboriginal rights."
In other words, the court did not get specific about what the federal government should actually do now that Metis and non-status Indians fall into the broader category of "Indians."
"The court is not prepared to make some general statement concerning fiduciary duty," Phelan's ruling states.
"Given the declaration of right in respect of section 91(24), one would expect that the federal government would act in accordance with whatever duty arises in respect of any specific matter touching on the non-clarified fiduciary relationship."
But the federal government has a long history of trying to narrow down its responsibilities to aboriginal people and will likely be unwilling to simply extend First Nations rights and benefits to hundreds of thousands of extra people, said Janes, predicting many rounds of litigation to come.
"There's a fundamental clash of vision," Janes said.
"It's a big problem. This is not something that's going to be fixed with a tweak.... These fights are only going to ease up when someone takes a deep breath and says, 'OK, where will we take a re-think of all this?'"
Note to readers: This is a corrected story. An earlier story included figures for the number of Metis and non-status Indians in Canada that can't be confirmed.
Also on HuffPost


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Charisma Bobblehead
"Nothing says pizzazz like a winning smile." -- Charisma +1
You may have heard tales about Vault 108, and its location will even be marked down on your map once you learn about it. But unless you go far out of your way to actually find the place, you're going to be hard-pressed to ever stumble across it. Located on the far eastern edge of the map, north of the downtown area, you can find Vault 108 south of Canterbury Commons. Vault 108 is a defunct vault and laboratory that's gone terribly wrong. And you'll soon find out just why that is.
The Molerats and Radroaches are theoretically more powerful and more difficult to fight than the endless amounts of Gary clones you'll find here. And it's the cloning experiment that's gone terribly wrong, so be ready to fell the weak-yet-aggressive Gary clones as they confront you. Seek out the Cloning Labs within the expansive Vault, because that's more specifically where this Bobblehead can be located. Don't look on shelves or in small rooms -- this Bobblehead is located on a regular old table, against a glass wall along a darkened area of a medical room. Use our screenshot below to find exactly where it is, and be patient here. This Bobblehead can be annoying to locate.
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