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Clinical: Approaches · Group therapy · Techniques · Types of problem · Areas of specialism · Taxonomies · Therapeutic issues · Modes of delivery · Model translation project · Personal experiences ·
Medical psychology (also known as Clinical Health Psychology, Psychosomatic Medicine, Health Care Psychology, Behavioral Medicine, or Health Psychology) revolves around the idea that both the body and mind are one, indivisible structure. Continuing with this line of thought, all diseases whether of the mind or of the physical body must be treated as if they have both been effected. So Medical psychology is the application of psychological principles to the practice of medicine for both physical and mental disorders.
The American Psychological Association (APA) defines medical psychology as "that branch of psychology that integrates somatic and psychotherapeutic modalities into the management of mental illness and emotional, cognitive, behavioral and substance use disorders". A medical psychologist does automatically equate with a psychologist who has the authority to prescribe medication.
Medical psychologists apply psychological theories, scientific psychological findings, and techniques of psychotherapy, behavior modification, cognitive, interpersonal, family, and life-style therapy to improve the psychological and physical health of the patient. Clinical psychologists with post doctoral specialty training as medical psychologists are the practitioners with refined skills in clinical observation in of the field of psychology, learning, central nervous system adaptation and change, and adaptation and lifestyle change applying a number of different methods in several different mediums of treatment. Highly qualified and post graduate specialized doctors are trained for service in primary care centers, hospitals, residential care centers, and long-term care facilities and in multidisciplinary collaboration and team treatment. They are trained and equipped to modify physical disease states and the actual cytoarchitecture and functioning of the central nervous and related systems using psychological and pharmacological techniques (when allowed by statute), and to provide prevention for the progression of disease having to do with poor personal and life-style choices and conceptualization, behavioral patterns, and chronic exposure to the effects of negative thinking, choosing, attitudes, and negative contexts.[1]
Background Edit
The belief that the corporeal and the physical bodies are one is by no means new. Socrates introduced the Greeks to this idea in several of his works, however for a time in the Early Modern period, it was lost to René Descartes' (also known as Cartesian) belief of the two separate bodies. Only recently has this arcane thoguht been reintroduced into medical schools across the world.
The intent of Medical Psychology is to apply knowledge from all branches of psychology and medicine in the prevention, assessment, and treatment of all forms of physical diseases. Medical psychology asserts its main function in the determination of personality styles of coping and the examination of attitudes of an individual in response to subjective and objective stressors. Medical psychologists also help in the determination of genetic, biochemical, and physiologic factors in illnesses and reaction to illness. These, then, are joined with psychosocial factors deemed contributory to diseases processes. Specific behavioral methods are then used to help the person match coping and management skills to the person's abilities, character, and personality style.
Some doctors and philosophers today believe that this Cartesian line of thought is outdated. Some anecdotal evidence has been raised concerning the lack of effective treatment for things such as migraines, pains and cancer and that perhaps the cure should not only be centred on the body but also the mind. Some also raise the argument that most uncurable diseases are brought about not merely by physical ailments, but by mental problems. All evidence is of course unproven and will likely remain as such for a long time to come.
The contribution of medical psychologists to general health care increased with their use as primary care doctors in the world's largest HMO, the California Kaiser Permanente. These psychologists work along with primary care physicians in order to determine optimum treatment plans for all patients with physical and/or mental illnesses.
Behavioral Medicine Edit
Behavioral Medicine (related to Behavioral Health, Clinical Health Psychology and Psychosomatic Medicine) is a related branch of clinical practice in which psychologists emphasize the biopsychosocial approach to medicine, a model which recognizes the importance of addressing the interaction between physical, psychological and social factors in both the prevention and management of disease. Practitioners of behavioral medicine differ from medical psychologists in that they focus on the scientific application of behavioral interventions to a wide variety of medical conditions (e.g., asthma, gastrointestinal illnesses, cardiac conditions, spinal cord and brain injuries, chronic pain, headaches, and addictive illness).
An important contribution of medical psychology is in the education of patients (psychoeducation) in disease processes. Frequently, such education of the patient and the family insures substantially better compliance with treatment recommendations by physicians. Medical psychologists are particularly successful in the treatment of asthma, gastrointestinal illnesses, cardiac conditions, spinal cord and brain injuries, chronic pain, headaches, and addictions (drugs, smoking, eating, alcohol, etc.).
Training Edit
Training in medical psychology entails a doctoral degree (Ph.D., or Psy.D.) in clinical psychology, an internship, and postdoctoral training in one of the branches of medicine traditionally associated with psychological fields: psychosomatic medicine, rehabilitation, neuropsychology (central nervous system functioning - brain functions), substance abuse, pain medicine, among others.
Certification in the US Edit
The Academy of Medical Psychology defines medical psychology as a specialty trained at the post doctoral level and designed to deliver advanced diagnostic and clinical interventions in Medical and Healthcare Facilities utilizing the knowledge and skills of clinical psychology, health psychology, behavioral medicine, psychopharmacology and basic medical science.[2]
A specialty of medical psychology has established a specialty board certification, American Board of Medical Psychology and an Academy of Medical Psychology requiring a doctorate degree in psychology and extensive post doctoral training in the specialty and the passage of an oral or written examination.
Although the Academy of Medical Psychology defines medical psychology as a "specialty" and has established a "specialty board certification," it is important to note that the American Psychological Association does not currently recognize medical psychology as a "specialty." However, Louisiana does recognize this area of expertise by statute (the Medical Psychology Practice Act) as a "profession of the health sciences" with prescriptive authority. It is equally important to note than the American Psychological Association does not recognize that the term medical psychology has, as a prerequisite, nor should the term be equated with having, prescriptive authority. In fact, no other organization in the world, outside of Louisiana statute and the Louisiana Academy of Medical Psychology, equates medical psychology with prescriptive authority, as a prerequisite.
In 2006, the American Psychological Association (APA) recommended that the education and training of medical psychologists, who are specifically pursuing one of several prerequisites for prescribing medication, integrate instruction in the biological sciences, clinical medicine and pharmacology into a formalized program of postdoctoral education.
The following Clinical Competencies are identified as essential in the education and training of medical psychologists:
I. Basic Science: anatomy, & physiology, biochemistry;
II. Neurosciences: neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neurochemistry;
III. Physical Assessment and Laboratory Exams: physical assessment, laboratory and radiological assessment, medical terminology;
IV. Clinical Medicine and Pathophysiology: pathophysiology with emphasis on the principal physiological systems, clinical medicine, differential diagnosis, clinical correlation and case studies, chemical dependency, chronic pain management;
V. Clinical and Research Pharmacology and Psychopharmacology: pharmacology, clinical pharmacology, pharmacogenetics, psychopharmacology, developmental psychopharmacology;
VI. Clinical Pharmacotherapeutics: professional, ethical and legal issues, combined therapies and their interactions, computer-based aids to practice, pharmacoepidemiology;
VII. Research: methodology and design of psychopharmacology research, interpretation and evaluation, FDA drug development and other regulatory processes.
The 2006 APA recommendations also include supervised clinical experience intended to integrate the above seven knowledge domains and assess competencies in skills and applied knowledge.
The above prerequisites are not required or specifically recommended by APA for the training and education of medical psychologists not pursuing prerequisites for prescribing medication.
The national psychology practitioner association (NAPPP; www.nappp.org)and top national certifying body (Academy of Medical Psychology; www.amphome.org)have established the national training, examination, and specialty practice criterion and guidelines in the specialty of Medical Psychology and have established a national journal in the specialty. Such certifying bodies, view psychopharmacology training (either to prescribe or consult) as one component of the training of a specialist in Medical Psychology, but recognize that training and specialized skills in other aspects of the treatment of behavioral aspects of medical illness, and mental illness affecting physical illness is essential to practice at the specialty level in Medical Psychology. The Louisiana Academy of Medical Psychology (LAMP), currently the largest organization of psychologists with prescriptive authority in the world and the only organization representing practitioners of medical psychology in Louisiana as defined by Louisiana statute within any jurisdiction in the United States, no longer recognizes the Academy of Medical Psychology as an adequate certifying body for its practitioners, and its members have resigned from the Academy of Medical Psychology en masse. Similarly, virtually all members of LAMP have also resigned from the Louisiana Psychological Association (LPA) after many LPA members asserted that the LAMP's prescriptive authority movement secretly came to an agreement with Louisiana's medical board to transfer the practice of psychology for psychologists with prescriptive authority to the medical board.
See also Edit
External links Edit
- Medical Psychology Graduate Program at The University of Alabama at Birmingham
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).


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Professor, Department of Genetics
Professor, Department of Microbiology & Immunology
Mark Trauner Faculty Scholar in Neuro-oncology
Molecular Genetic Analysis of Tumor Suppressor INI1/hSNF5 in HIV-1 Replication and Cancer
INI1/hSNF5 is a component of the chromatin remodeling SWI/SNF complex. It is an interacting partner for HIV-1 integrase (IN) and also a tumor suppressor biallelically mutated in rhabdoid tumors, a rare but highly aggressive pediatric malignancy. The two major areas of focus in the laboratory are: (i) understanding the role of INI1 in HIV-1 replication and exploring its potential as a drug target for intervention of AIDS; and (ii) understanding the mechanism of tumor suppression by INI1/hSNF5 and developing novel and effective therapeutic strategies for rhabdoid tumors.
INI1 in HIV-1 replication: We have found that INI1/hSNF5 directly binds and recruits components of Sin3a-histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex into the HIV-1 virions and this HDAC1 complex appears to be required for viral infectivity. By using genetic systems we are currently isolating and characterizing IN and INI1 mutants defective for binding to HDAC1 complex and testing their effect on HIV-1 replication. We also found that INI1 induces interferon signaling by transcriptionally regulating interferon signal induced genes (ISGs). We are determining the mechanism of interferon signal induction by INI1 during HIV-1 replication and its significance in exhibiting antiviral function. These studies are likely to open up a new paradigm for role of INI1 in HIV-1 replication and may provide novel strategies to inhibit viral replication.
Mechanism of Tumor suppression by INI1/hSNF5: By using a series of genetic systems developed in our laboratory and by isolating cancer-associated mutations of INI1, and a wealth of protein-protein interaction defective mutants of INI1, we are dissecting the exact mechanism of INI1-medaited G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, mitotic arrest, and senescence and tumor suppression. Furthermore, characterizing the INI1-associated HDAC1 complex has revealed an unanticipated role of INI1 in interferon signaling and tumor suppression.
Development of targeted therapies for rhabdoid tumors based on INI1 function: One of the goals of our laboratory is to develop molecularly targeted therapies based on the understanding of genesis of rhabdoid tumors. Majority of rhabdoid tumors have biallelic inactivation of INI1 gene. Our previous studies demonstrated that Cyclin D1 is a direct downstream target of INI1 mediated repression and that rhabdoid tumors are exquisitely dependent on Cyclin D1 for genesis and survival. Our preclinical studies have provided proof of principle for our hypothesis that targeting Cyclin/cdk axis is an effective means of inhibiting rhabdoid tumors in vitro and in vivo. The current goal is to develop novel strategies to facilitate clinical translation of laboratory findings to establish an effective therapy for these tumors. For this purpose, we are using non-invasive imaging technology such as microPET to monitor the effectiveness of novel therapeutic strategies in primary mouse tumor models, developing novel drugs to target these tumors and investigating the interaction between Cyclin D1, the cdk pathway and Ini1 in mouse models.
Yung, E., Sorin, M., Pal, A., Craig, E., Morozov, A., Delattre, O. Kappes J., Ott, D. and Kalpana, G.V. (2001) Inhibition of HIV-1 particle production by a dominant negative mutant of INI1/hSNF5. Nature Med. 7, 920-926.
Craig, E., Zhang, Z., Davies, K., and Kalpana, G.V. (2002) A masked NES in INI1/hSNF5 mediates hCRM1-dependant Nuclear Export: Implications for tumorigenesis. EMBO J. 21, 31-42.
Yung, E., Sorin, M. Wang, E., Perumal, S., and Kalpana, G.V. (2004) Specificity of interaction of INI1/hSNF5 with retroviral integrases and its functional significance. J. Virol., 78, 2222-2231.
Tsikitis, M., Zhang, Z., Zagzag, D. and Kalpana, G.V. (2005) Genetic ablation of CyclinD1 abrogates the genesis of rhabdoid tumors that arise due to Ini1 loss. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 102, 12129-34.
Alarcon-Vargas, D., Zhang, Z., Agarwal, B., Challagulla, K., Mani, S.* and Kalpana, G.V.* (2006) Targeting Cyclin D1, a downstream effector of INI1/hSNF5, in Rhabdoid tumors. Oncogene 25, 722�734.
Sorin, M. and Kalpana, G. V. (2006) Dynamics of host-virus interplay during HIV-1 replication. Curr HIV Res. 4, 117-30).
Masha Sorin1, Eric Yung1, Xuhong Wu1 and Ganjam Kalpana (2006) Replication of HIV-1 in cell lines defective for INI1/hSNF5 Retrovirology, 3:56.
Morozov, A. Lee, S-J, Zhnag, ZK, Cimica, V., Zagzag, D. Kalpana, G. V. (2007) Induction of interferon signaling and mitotic spindle check-point by INI1/hSNF5: Identification of potential therapeutic targets for rhabdoid tumors. Clin Cancer Res.13:4721-30.
Smith ME, Cimica V, Chinni S, Challagulla K, Mani S, Kalpana GV. (2008) Rhabdoid tumor growth is inhibited by flavopiridol. Clin Cancer Res. 14(2):523-32.
Das BC, Smith ME, Kalpana GV.(2008) Design, synthesis of novel peptidomimetic derivatives of 4-HPR for rhabdoid tumors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 18(14):4177-80. Epub 2008 May 29.
Das S, Cano J, Kalpana GV.(2009) Multimerization and DNA Binding Properties of INI1/hSNF5 and Its Functional Significance. J Biol Chem. 284(30):19903-14. Epub 2009 Apr 27.
Das S, Kalpana GV. (2009) Reverse two-hybrid screening to analyze protein-protein interaction of HIV-1 viral and cellular proteins. Methods Mol Biol. 485:271-93.
Sorin M, Cano J, Das S, Mathew S, Wu X, Davies KP, Shi X, Cheng SW, Ott D, Kalpana GV. (2009) Recruitment of a SAP18-HDAC1 complex into HIV-1 virions and its requirement for viral replication. PLoS Pathog. 5(6).
Kalpana, G. V. and M. Smith (2009) �Development of targeted therapies for rhabdoid tumors based on the functions of INI1/hSNF5 tumor suppressor� (invited chapter for the monograph on Molecularly targeted Therapies for pediatric tumors Edited by Bob Arceci and Peter Houghton, in press).
Cimica V, Smith ME, Zhang Z, Mathur D, Mani S, Kalpana GV. (2010) Potent inhibition of rhabdoid tumor cells by combination of flavopiridol and 4OH-tamoxifen. BMC Cancer. 10:634. PMID: 21092078
Smith ME, Cimica V, Chinni S, Jana S, Koba W, Yang Z, Fine E, Zagzag D, Montagna C, Kalpana GV. (2011). Therapeutically targeting Cyclin D1 in primary tumors arising from loss of Ini1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jan 4;108(1):319-24. Epub 2010 Dec 20. PMID: 21173237
Cano, J. and Kalpana, G. V. (2011) Inhibition of early stages of HIV-1 assembly by INI1/hSNF5 transdominant negative mutant S6. J Virol. 85(5):2254-65. Epub 2010 Dec 15. PMID: 21159874
Lee, S-J., Cimica, V., Zagzag, D., and Kalpana, G. V. Aurora A Is a Repressed Effector Target of the Chromatin Remodeling Protein INI1/hSNF5 Required for Rhabdoid Tumor Cell Survival. Cancer Res. 71(9):3225-35. Epub 2011 Apr 26. PMID: 21521802
Material in this section is provided by individual faculty members who are solely responsible for its accuracy and content.
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus
1300 Morris Park Avenue
Ullmann Building, Room 821
Bronx, NY 10461

subset: commoncrawl


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By Rob Glidden
Staff Reporter
After 175 years of standing up to weather and wear, the roof at the Barnes Museum is currently being replaced.
"It's a good feeling to know that they are up there," said curator Marie Secondo. "The roof is looking great."
The homestead was built in 1836 and was home to the Barnes family for several generations until it was given to the town in 1973. Those who lived in the home collected a huge amount of various memorabilia and objects that now offer a glimpse into the past.
Smaller repair work has been done on the ancient roof many times over the decades, but most of the roof was still the original slate and a replacement was inevitable. Secondo frequently dealt with leaks in the attic, where many historically important items are stored.
The museum is overseen by the library, which used its historical status to obtain a grant from the Historic Preservation Trust, part of the Connecticut Commission on Culture and Tourism. The grant offers the library $46,000, about half of the expected costs of the roof repair. It was given on the condition that the town would match the other half. The rest of the cost did not come from the town budget, but from an endowment left by Bradley Barnes, which generates annual dividends.
"We're very happy," said Library Director Sue Smayda. "They have been working hard and it should be done soon. It may not be completely done before the Taste of Southington, but it will be in good enough condition that it won't make any impact."
The annual Taste of Southington event is held on the grounds of the Barnes Museum. Secondo agreed that the majority of the work was likely to be completed before the event, which falls this year on Aug. 8.
The new roof is also carefully being modeled after the previous one, in order to preserve the historical character of the museum. Secondo said she was also collecting some pieces of the original roof and the homemade nails that were used to attach it in the 1830s.
"I'm not sure if anyone really paid much attention to the roof, but there was a definite design to it," she said. "They have been very precise in terms of making the facade look the one it once did."


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Personal/Corporate, Products, Services
By By Andrew Healey | September 19, 2013
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Two years after moving into Fairoaks Airport – that green and pleasant field to the southwest of Heathrow Airport – the helicopter division of Gama Aviation (Stand E71) boasts a full set of approvals and a strategy to win over the corporate owner. According to Harry Lees, managing director, "with nine Sikorsky S-76s under our care we are already the largest service center for the type in the UK. We currently maintain a single AW139 and are actively targeting both those and its larger cousin, the AW169."
Located a mere 10 minutes flight time from London's Battersea Heliport, Fairoaks has always been a favorite for helicopter activity. The familiar Alan Mann Group is long-since gone but Gama Engineering, which took over most of the AM facilities and brought in a new management team, is now established as an EASA Part 145 maintenance facility and FAA-approved repair station. Among other approvals it holds military DAOS (with its civil equivalent Part 21J) Part M continuing airworthiness and Part 21G production.
Harry Lees. Photo courtesy of Gama Aviation
Regular Gama helicopter clients include Starspeed, Castle Air, TAG (at nearby Farnborough) and, through prime contractor FBHeliservices, the Army Air Corps at Middle Wallop.
Construction on a new 50,000-square-foot hangar was due to start at show-time, with completion scheduled for next summer.
Related: Corporate/VIP News


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County of Inyo
Board of Supervisors
The Board of Supervisors of the County of Inyo, State of California, met in regular session at the hour of 9:00 a.m., on Tuesday, September 19, 2006 , in the Board of Supervisors Room, County Administrative Center, Independence, with the following Supervisors present: Chairperson Susan Cash presiding, Linda Arcularius, Ted Williams, Jim Bilyeu, and Richard Cervantes. Supervisor Bilyeu provided the Invocation, and Supervisor Cervantes led the Pledge of Allegiance.
Public Comment
The Chairperson announced the public comment period and there was no one from the public wishing to address the Board.
County Dept. Reports
The Chairperson announced the County Department Report period. Ms. Jean Dickinson, Director of Health and Human Services, updated the Board on several issues, which will affect the Department. She informed the Board that the new minimum wage law, which was signed by the Governor, would affect the wages of local IHSS workers. She also informed the Board that an injunction had been granted by a Judge to stop impending changes to the SACPA Program. She went on to explain that the injunction was issued because opponents brought a lawsuit to stop the changes because the law was voter passed and any changes would need to be approved by the voters. Ms. Dickinson explained further that based on comments by the Judge it appears he is agreeing with that concept and indicated that she would keep the Board informed has this proceeds through the Courts.
The Auditor-Controller, Ms. Leslie Chapman, took the opportunity to respond to a memorandum from the Treasurer-Tax Collector, Mr. John Treacy, informing the Board that she had invited Mr. Treacy to participate in today's discussion, and noting that he was not in attendance. She explained that the memorandum was written in such a manner, that she felt it was important for the public and the Board to be informed as to the duties and responsibilities of her office. She went on to inform the Board that she is currently in the yearly State auditing and reporting requirement periods which are time-consuming and, if not timely filed, carry large fines. She also explained that she had been spending a great deal of time working as a part of the County's budget team to support the submittal of a timely and accurate County Budget for the Board's approval. After her preliminary remarks, Ms. Chapman addressed the specific questions asked by the Treasurer-Tax Collector. She explained that some of the money identified by the Treasurer has already been factored into her calculations for the fund balance; therefore, it is unavailable to be accounted for again. She also explained that she and the Treasurer have a disagreement on whether a portion of the money identified is even available to be spent, because it involves trust funds from partial tax payments which she feels cannot be spent, because of laws concerning acceptance of partial tax payments. She went on to explain that she is waiting until the large cabling portion of the Financial Systems Project is completed, which is expected in the next couple of weeks, at which time she expects to recoup the greater amount which is available to the County. The Board thanked the Auditor-Controller for her information and supported the efforts of a peer elected official to set their priorities as they see fit for the duties to which they are elected. The County Administrator also commented on the memorandum from Mr. Treacy, explaining that when he received his copy he immediately conferred with the Auditor-Controller and concurred with her explanations.
Mr. Tom Brooks, Water Director, updated the Board on activities pertaining to the Green Book Revisions. He explained that staff is working on technical evaluations and scheduling a Technical Group Meeting, and as such he would be providing the official report in October. The Assistant County Administrator, Mr. Chuck Hamilton, informed the Board that there would be a Household Hazardous Waste Event conducted at the Lone Pine Landfill this Saturday from 9:00 a.m. to noon.
Org.-Wild Iris/ Domestic Violence Proclamation
Representatives of Wild Iris, explained about the upcoming events that will be conducted throughout the local communities to highlight the need for everyone to be aware of domestic violence and its impact on those both directly and indirectly affected by domestic violence. Moved by Supervisor Arcularius and seconded by Supervisor Williams to approve the proclamation declaring October as Domestic Violence Awareness Month. Motion carried unanimously.
P.W./ESRA Access Rd. & Dehy Park Materials Testing
The Public Works Director, Mr. Ron Chegwidden, provided and reviewed Staff's recommendation to award the Contract for materials testing for the ESRA Access Road and Dehy Park projects to the low bidder, Sierra Geotechnical Services, Inc. Moved by Supervisor Bilyeu and seconded by Supervisor Williams to award the bid and approve the Contract for materials testing services for the Eastern Sierra Regional Airport Access Road Construction Project and Phase I of the Dehy Park Improvement Project to Sierra Geotechnical Services in the amount of $22,000; and authorize the Chairperson to sign contingent upon the appropriate signatures being obtained. Motion carried unanimously.
Parks-Tecopa Sewage Disposal Fee
The Deputy County Administrator, Mr. Chuck Hamilton, briefly reviewed the history of the Tecopa Sewage Lagoon and the fees charged for sewage disposal. The Board and Mr. Hamilton discussed the sewage fees and possible options to increase the fees in order to generate revenue for the County. Mr. Hamilton confirmed that since the fees are part of the concessionaire contract that any changes in the fee structure would require amending the Contract. The Board discussed the revenue, which would be generated by an increase. The Board also briefly discussed the continuing issues with the sewage lagoon, with the consensus of the Board being that until it is decided how to proceed with the sewage lagoon, changing the fee structure for sewage disposal is premature. The Board thanked Staff for bringing forward this discussion, and indicated they expected to pursue alternatives to address the sewage lagoon, in light of the information received that the lease for an alternative location for the lagoon was not proceeding because of a lawsuit concerning the property.
BofS/Minute Approval
Moved by Supervisor Bilyeu and seconded by Supervisor Williams to approve the minutes of the September 5, 2006, Board of Supervisors Meeting. Motion carried unanimously.
Board Members and Staff Reports
The Board Members reported on their activities during the preceding week, including thanks to merchants and those who donated to the County's RCRC Gift Basket, an Eastern Sierra Council of Governments meeting, the Big Pine Fire Department BBQ, Inyo Associates Meeting, an Olancha Fire Department meeting, a report on the Millpond Music Festival, the upcoming Sierra Nevada Conservancy Meeting, and acknowledgement of and well wishes to retiring Public Works Employee, Lew Crispin, and announcement that Inyo County will be accepting the keys to a fire truck being donated by the Town of Mammoth Lakes to be stationed at the Eastern Sierra Regional Airport.
The Chairperson adjourned the regular meeting at 10:25 a.m., to 9:00 a.m., Tuesday, September 26, 2006, in the Board of Supervisors Room, at the County Administrative Center, in Independence.
________________________________________ Chairperson, Inyo County Board of Supervisors
Attest: RONALD JULIFF
Clerk of the Board
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notice, and assumes no liability for damages incurred directly or indirectly as a result of errors, omissions or discrepancies.
Copyright © 2001 County of Inyo
Last Updated: October 17, 2006


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Capital Facilities Fees (CFF) are impact fees established to mitigate the impacts of new development as outlined in §66000 of the California Government Code. These fees may be used for the purchase, construction, expansion, rehabilitation, or acquisition of public facilities.
The City of Modesto's Community Facilities Districts (CFDs) are created to provide a funding and reimbursement mechanism for public facilities and/or services for various Specific Plan areas.
Get information about the deferral programs within the infrastructure financing.
Learn about Infrastructure Financing Programs and access important forms.
The City of Modesto's Landscape Maintenance Assessment Districts (LMADs) are created to pay for landscaping, lighting and other improvements and services in public areas.


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(CMT Offstage keeps a 24/7 watch on everything that's happening with country music artists behind the scenes and out of the spotlight.)
It's almost time for all the country stars to hit the red carpet for Wednesday night's (June 5) CMT Music Awards . And I, for one, cannot wait to see what they're wearing on their faces. The dresses are cool, but I really love getting an up-close look at whatever makeup trends the women of country are into.
So I asked one of the founders of Too Faced Cosmetics, Jerrod Blandino, what to expect to see on the country stars this year. Blandino is a big fan of classic country and new music from artists such as Taylor Swift, Carrie Underwood and Miranda Lambert. And he told me he sees country music as a place where art and fashion and glamour all meet, and that it's been that way for decades.
"I've got some glamour icons I carry with me in my back pocket, and Dolly Parton happens to be my biggest one," Blandino said. "Country is where glamour came from. If glamour grew anywhere, it came from somewhere in the Smoky Mountains."
Although Blandino says certain trends are here to stay — nude lips and smoky eyes, especially — he walked me through ways to modernize those looks and more. Follow his advice for a star-worthy look of your own.
1. "You really need to concentrate on your skin. You need to glow. With hi-def cameras everywhere, it's a new game. You don't want to see makeup. You want to see luminosity."
2. "You can layer color on top of anything, but you need to start with a flawless canvas."
3. "Everyone wants the smoky eye Miranda Lambert does. And her way just radiates from within."
4. "Don't match your makeup to the color of your dress but rather to the vibe of your dress. If you are rocking a metallic mini-dress, your makeup should encompass that edgy look with thick lashes and dark eyes."
5. "Carrie Underwood's makeup artist inspired the perfect eye. She does the smoky eye in a brown, toasted almond, shimmery cocoa way. It's a softer, more modern version."
6. "Pop a shimmer shadow by your tear ducts. Keep the dark smoky liner as close to the lash line as possible, then do a soft color just by those tear ducts."
7. "The modern way to have a tan is for your skin to look natural. A deep orangey moment is never going to look natural. You want subtle bronze tones, dusted all over, so that it looks transparent and ethereal."
8. "The perfect nude lip, like Carrie Underwood's, is always appropriate. I mean, Barbra Streisand's been wearing it for 30 years. There's a way of way of doing it right, and there's a way of doing it wrong. That beautiful pinky beige undertone is always going to work. But the ashy gray weird beige? That's the wrong way to do it. When it's right, it's classic."


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The gang's a Guy Who Channels Farm Animals, a Streaker, an Android Kissing Heads and a Russian Ballerina with Brad Sherwood.
Kathy Greenwood must choose between a drunk Uncle, a frog escaping a French restaurant and a cult worshipper.
Skits include a bitter divorce Award Show, an infomercial to end drunkenness and a Drinking Song with Greg Proops.
Chip Esten and the cast perform a gospel song, Pizza Heck Outta Me as the Brady Bunch and a tune about falling out of a car.
The gang plays games like 2-Line Vocabulary and Action Replay and end as if they're schoolkids jumping rope. With Chip Esten.
Kathy Greenwood dies in Dead Bodies, is a beautiful villainess and plays a Charlie's Angel who bursts in to rescue Ryan.
Brad Sherwood and the cast play I Didn't Know the Mic Was On and If You Know What I Mean as supermarket employees.
Greg Proops and the gang play Hollywood, Sound Effects, Fashion Models and the Village People reading faster and faster.
In Hollywood Director, a bat flies into a college girl's room, and Greg Proops kicks down the door to confront Dracula.
In Helping Hands, married Ryan invites secretary Kathy Greenwood to lunch; the Italian action film Killer Spaghetti.
Kathy Greenwood's back with Wayne as a couple at a pet shop where Ryan & Colin are puppies trying to get taken home.
See silly Questionable Impressions at a police station. In Duet, Wayne and Brad Sherwood sing to a liquor clerk as R.E.M.
In Really Bad Hangover, Colin & Kathy Greenwood wake with a really bad hangover while Ryan & Wayne make really loud noises.
After Kathy Greenwood accidently shoots a stable boy in the butt, she gets caught by her jealous fiancée removing the ammo!
Fun and games with Greg Proops and the gang: Remote Control, Song Styles and a silly Hoedown about getting a speeding ticket.
Chip Esten hosts Party Quirks for a guest who wants everyone to wrestle on stage and 007 sick with food poisoning.
Kathy Greenwood and the cast have fun with Let's Make a Date, Motown and Narrate; a comical Hoedown about your weight.
The games include Number of Words, Living Scenery and a Show Stopping Number set in the US Senate with Kathy Greenwood.
Brad Sherwood is a tough prison guard in Hollywood Director; convicts escape through a swamp until one is stuck in quicksand.
In silly Scenes from a Hat, what if statues could speak? Also, outtakes from the Whose Line soap opera with Kathy Greenwood.


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BOSTON (AP) — Should he prevail Tuesday, Mitt Romney would bring a CEO's eye to the White House and a policy agenda based on a general set of principles and focused more on data than ideology.
He'll take charge of one of the world's largest bureaucracies as it faces a weak economy, swirling international tensions and intense polarization. And he doesn't plan to wait long to push his priorities, though he has yet to outline specific plans to address the country's challenges.
Chief on the "To-Do" list, out of necessity: dealing with the so-called fiscal cliff of tax increases and budget cuts. He also promises to start repealing and replacing the president's signature health care law and overhauling the nation's tax system. And he would likely have to work with a divided Congress to accomplish it all.
To get things done in messy Washington, Romney will rely on skills honed during a quarter century as he led a company, a state and an Olympic Games, earning a reputation among critics and backers alike as a manager who distributed responsibility to a small group of loyalists and coolly demanded detailed results.
But that's where the agreement ends.
Those closest to him describe him as deliberative, results-driven and cool under pressure.
"He wants to be able to measure things," says Kerry Healey, who was Romney's lieutenant governor for four years in Massachusetts and is now a campaign adviser. "And I have never seen him angry."
Longtime critics say he's slow to act, aloof and eager to avoid confrontation.
"It's fair to say he left the governor's office with very few, if any, new friends," says Phil Johnston, a Massachusetts Democratic Party chairman during Romney's term as governor. "He essentially operated as a loner, very much in a bubble, dealt well neither with Democrats nor Republicans."
Don't expect Romney to be a leader who will inspire those he governs with emotional speeches. He is deeply loyal and surrounds himself with a tight inner circle that has been at his side, in many cases, since his days as Massachusetts governor. He lacks the social instinct that allowed presidents like Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush to connect with people and bring them together.
Indeed, it's almost always business for this man.
"He likes PowerPoint presentations because he prefers the simplicity," said longtime adviser Eric Fehrnstrom. "And if you're going to write a memo, he prefers that it be kept to one page."
While he has yet to release many details, the former CEO is crafting a comprehensive priority list.
Romney has assembled a growing transition team based in Washington — internally dubbed "the Readiness Project" — that's pre-emptively crafting an aggressive legislative agenda for his first 200 days. The team, using government-issued emails and office space, is quietly working with government officials and Capitol Hill to develop plans to prevent massive defense cuts and the expiration of Bush-era tax cuts.
Beyond that, the Republican's opening agenda includes approving the Keystone XL pipeline, initiating plans to label China a currency manipulator, crafting a bill to cut non-security discretionary spending by 5 percent and pursuing an as-of-yet-undrafted tax overhaul bill. He has also outlined other priorities he'll use to measure his progress — and of those around him — just as he did in Massachusetts.
Romney has faced repeated calls for specifics of his tax plan in particular. He's promising to cut tax rates for all without adding to the federal deficit. He says he'll eliminate or limit some personal deductions and exemptions, but won't say what those might be.
It's an aggressive agenda for a man who has been slow to build alliances on Capitol Hill, despite his near-daily campaign trail promises of recent weeks to work with both parties if elected.
"For those things to happen it's going to require something that Washington talks about, but hasn't done in a long, long time. And that's truly reaching across the aisle," Romney said at a Florida rally this week.
His campaign would not say if his transition team has begun reaching out to Democrats on Capitol Hill. It may be a tough task for a man who has struggled at times to win over even members of his own, fractured party, and, who as Massachusetts governor, had an insular reputation.
Personal relationships aside, aides describe a man who embraces difficult decisions — not that he always makes them quickly. To the dismay of some staffers, he delayed the selection of running mate Paul Ryan, the author of a controversial congressional budget plan, until after he returned from an overseas tour this summer. It was a pick that many aides privately opposed, but publicly embraced after it was finalized.
"Sometimes he'll sleep on a big decision," Fehrnstrom says. "He's not prone to snap judgments. He'll consider all the data."


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Rivalry games always inspire emotions, and that makes that game a little more special for players and fans on both sides.
That's true of the Louisville-Kentucky rivalry. The Marion County-Washington County rivalry is no different.
But that's not an excuse for vandalism, and unfortunately, that's what happened at both high schools last week. On Friday morning, we learned that the football fields at Marion and Washington counties had been defaced.
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The winding Cleveland Browns coaching search was the subject of a lot of jokes over the last few weeks, but the protracted timeline was no laughing matter to new coach Mike Pettine.
He wasn't sure how much longer he could stay in the race.
"That was starting to wear on me these last couple of days," Pettine told WGR-AM in Buffalo. "I talked to (coach) Doug (Marrone) and it was getting to the point where I'd say, 'Hey, if this goes on much longer I need to pull out because it's just not fair to the Bills.'"
Pettine, who has tried to distance himself from his mentor Rex Ryan, confirmed he was not contacted by the Browns until 2 1/2 weeks after the regular season. At that point, the Bills were far along in their offseason preparations. Marrone still helped Pettine prepare for the moment; Marrone had interviewed with the Browns a year ago and was familiar with how the interviews were structured.
It took Cleveland a while to settle on Pettine, but the new coach says that he doesn't care whether or not he was the team's first choice. Browns fans shouldn't care either. Pettine is among our favorite new coaches, and the Browns might just wind up pleasantly surprised that guys like Adam Gase and Josh McDaniels dropped out of the running.
We handed out awards for the 2014 coaching class and talked all the latest headlines in the latest "Around The League Podcast."


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Some of my greatest travel memories are about exploring the local markets—digging through the goods, chatting with vendors, feeling my way through the nuances of a spirited negotiation. Each time, I walk away with an earful of native lore and insider info—on top of armfuls of awesome finds.
Once, I picked up a pair of swingy silver earrings at a market in Uruguay and simultaneously bagged a tip for the best spot to dance to candombe music, something the seller insisted I do while wearing my new purchase. It was just the kind of authentic encounter I'd never have found in a shop on the main drag. Each of these 25 markets will leave you with that same richness of experience—as well as heaps of quality souvenirs. Who needs another plastic snow globe, anyway?
Where & when: From West Unity, Ohio, to Gadsden, Ala.; first weekend in Aug.
What: For sheer variety, nothing tops the World's Longest Yard Sale, a bargain-hunter's paradise that meanders along 654 miles of scenic rural highway. Seasoned dealers in formal tents as well as locals unloading the contents of their attics set up shop roadside, hawking crocheted table linens, boxes of fishing lures, weathered iron bed frames, and garden statuary. There isn't one stretch of road that's consistently the best, so let regional attractions narrow your focus: In Tennessee alone, you can stay the night in a tepee or a log cabin and make a pit stop to pick wild blueberries at Pickett State Park. 127sale.com.
Best shot at a bargain: At a sale this vast, it's simply all about persistence.
Where & when: Brimfield, Mass.; six consecutive days each in mid-May, July, and September.
What: A local auctioneer, Gordon Reid, started this outdoor market, now the country's largest, on a somewhat humbler stage back in 1959: his own backyard. Now, more than 1 million visitors flood in every year to shop the peerless selection of affordable New England collectibles (weather vanes, decoys, and Nantucket baskets) and maritime accoutrements (brass lamps and ships' wheels) spread across more than 20 "fields" on either side of the town's main road, each containing hundreds of vendors. Three of the best fields are Dealer's Choice, known for its quality rustic furniture; Heart-O-The Mart, favored for hobnail glassware and intact grain sacks; and J&J Auction Acres, flush with high-end items like colonial cherrywood chests and convex mirrors. Even the food has a regional bent: Try the generously sized $10 lobster rolls, the fresh-popped kettle corn, and the Pilgrim Sandwich, a supersoft roll layered with roasted turkey, stuffing, cranberry sauce, and mayo. brimfield.com.
Best shot at a bargain: The slower July and September markets may yield better deals than the crowded May outing, which serves as the region's antiquing-season opener.
Gigi's find: "I love how this portable radio is part gadget, part accessory: It swings closed into a ring shape you can carry around like a purse as it plays. I got it years ago at Brimfield for $15."
Don't miss these Travel stories
Lords of the gourd compete for Punkin Chunkin honors
With teams using more than 100 unique apparatuses to launch globular projectiles a half-mile or more, the 27th annual World Championship Punkin Chunkin event is our pick as November's Weird Festival of the Month.
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- Lords of the gourd compete for Punkin Chunkin honors
Where & when: Springfield, Ohio; one weekend each month, excluding February and July.
What: Over the course of its quarter-century run, this busy market held on a county fairground has won a reputation as the heartland's go-to source for all things folky and primitive, such as old metal pails, Shaker boxes, cross-stitched samplers, and calico quilts. Farmhouse antiques, like blanket chests, milk-paint cupboards, and sturdy rocking chairs also figure prominently, as do well-preserved dishware and tabletop items. During each year's three supersize Extravaganzas—in May, June, and September—the number of vendors swells to more than 2,500, some operating out of cattle barns and poultry houses. Visit the market's online discussion forum to connect with sellers, preview goods, and even post wish lists. springfieldantiqueshow.com.
Best shot at a bargain: Go in September, when dealers are trying to liquidate their stock for the winter.
Where & when: Brooklyn; Saturdays from mid-April through Thanksgiving.
What: In less than two years, this sale in a Brooklyn schoolyard has attracted a large enough following to justify a second location and seasonal spin-off events. Shoppers come for the mix of vintage clothing and jewelry, architectural salvage, and decorative objects like modernist table lamps and metal desk fans dating from the early to mid-1900s. Alongside the secondhand-goods sellers, you'll find booths from local designers of reclaimed-wood furniture, handmade shoes, and more. The food stands are just as diverse: Celebrated taco vendors, cheesemongers, and bakers all make weekly appearances. brooklynflea.com.
Best shot at a bargain: Many of the antiques vendors are willing to cut deals on their merchandise, but the proprietors of new goods tend to keep their prices firm.
Gigi's find: "I bought this desk calendar for $30 at the Brooklyn Flea from one of my favorite sellers, Three Potato Four; the owners come up from Virginia every couple of months to sell. Their stuff is the best—sort of a happy-industrial meets old-school-classroom vibe."
Where & when: Alameda, Calif.; first Sunday of each month.
What: The San Francisco skyline and the hills of Marin County serve as a cinematic backdrop for this 800-plus-vendor market on the main runway of a decommissioned naval base on San Francisco Bay. Organizers enforce a 20-year-minimum age rule for sale items, which guarantees you'll be shopping for real-deal relics (like French travel posters, Hollywood movie memorabilia, and early-20th-century Japanese pottery), not tables of tube socks and cheap electronics.
The layout is clear and intuitive, with long, evenly spaced rows arranged in a grid; thoughtful touches like pushcarts for hauling heavy purchases, a porcelain-repair kiosk, and free parking with a shuttle service add to the appeal. There's even a handy printable map on the market's Web site. antiquesbybay.com.
Best shot at a bargain: Fewer sellers turn out from January through March, but those who do are often more eager to negotiate.
Gigi's find: "I grew up in Texas, where learning to play dominoes is a rite of passage. I've been collecting vintage sets from various flea markets over the years, including this one from Alameda Point."
Copyright © 2012 Newsweek Budget Travel, Inc.


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The current population of the island scrub jay, a rare California bird, is only a fifth of what experts had previously believed, a new study reveals.
The island scrub jay is a brightly colored blue and gray bird that is only found on Santa Cruz Island, about 17 miles off the coast, south of Santa Barbara.
The study was led by the Smithsonian Institution's Migratory Bird Center in Washington, D.C., and published in the journal Ecological Applications. According to its findings, the island scrub jay is one of the rarest birds in the United States, even though its population has increased in recent years.
"The bad news is that we only have about 2,500 of these birds left, a very small number for any species," says Dr. Scott Sillett, lead author of the study and part of the Smithsonian's Migratory Bird Center. "The good news is that we are seeing an increasing population trend. It appears that there has been about a 20 to 30 percent population increase in the last 25 years owing to a series of conservation actions on the island."
The study says that the island scrub jay has a population size similar to or less than that of other species currently listed as threatened or endangered in the United States. As a result of this study, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature has raised the threat level for the species from "near threatened" to "vulnerable to extinction." However, neither the federal government nor the state of California has listed the species as threatened.
Mike Parr, vice president of American Bird Conservancy, one of the nation's leading bird conservation organizations, says he hoped the study would prompt both the federal government and California to consider new protections for the island scrub-jay "in short order."
"Whenever a species only exists in small numbers in a singular location, it is cause for concern," Parr says. "That concern is heightened when the location in question is a relatively small island. Islands are especially vulnerable to introduced predators, severe weather and climate change impacts that could threaten the survival of this bird."
The authors of the study are taking a cautiously optimistic stance toward the future for the island scrub jay, noting that the entire range of the bird is protected in Channel Islands National Park. Nevertheless, researchers say, the population estimates, coupled with the species' restricted range and low diversity underscore the bird's vulnerability to natural disasters and West Nile virus."
The island scrub jay has never been reliably documented anywhere but on Santa Cruz Island.
American Bird Conservancy is a not-for-profit membership organization whose mission is to conserve native birds and their habitats throughout the Americas. The conservancy acts by safeguarding the rarest species, conserving and restoring habitats, and reducing threats, while building capacity in the bird conservation movement.


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International Classification of Primary Care, Second edition (ICPC-2)
Purpose / Definition
WHO has accepted ICPC-2 within the WHO FIC mainly as a reason for encounter classification, and users may use it as a classification for primary care or general practice wherever applicable.
ICPC-2 classifies patient data and clinical activity in the domains of General/Family Practice and primary care, taking into account the frequency distribution of problems seen in these domains. It allows classification of the patient's reason for encounter (RFE), the problems/diagnosis managed, interventions, and the ordering of these data in an episode of care structure
Classification Structure
It has a biaxial structure and consists of 17 chapters, each divided into 7 components dealing with symptoms and complaints (comp. 1), diagnostic, screening and preventive procedures (comp. 2), medication, treatment and procedures (comp. 3), test results (comp. 4), administrative (comp. 5), referrals and other reasons for encounter (comp. 6) and diseases (comp. 7).
Administrative Status
Creation date: 1987 First as HICPIC and HICIC 2 -defined and then ICPC.
Last date change: Updated March 2003 in Family Practice, OUP. Now called: ICPC-2, 2003.
Reference Documents
Available at: click here
Next update planned in March 2004.
Available indexes: Working electronic version of a multilingual thesaurus with diagnostic terms in English, French, Spanish, and Dutch based on the mapping between ICPC-2 and ICD-10 available on CD-ROM.
Paper index included in the published book.
Available formats: ICPC-2 book, a hard copy, available as "print on demand" from OUP website: www.oup.uk
A summary sheet with the whole of ICPC-2 on the two sides of an A-4 page, called "ICPC-2 pager" available from www.globalfamilydoctor.com/wicc
Catalan, Chinese, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovenian and Spanish.


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Head down to the far southern tip of Algonquin, where you will find Francis hanging out at the fountain near Castle Tunnel. He's upset, because you only killed one guy instead of taking out the entire organization, even though he specifically asked you to kill only one guy. Regardless of how it makes no sense, he asks you to do one last favor, and even though he insults Niko endlessly in the conversation, Niko agrees to take him up on the offer. After all, money is money.
Your first order of business is to retrieve a sniper rifle Francis left for you to use in a car. The car is located in between Albany Avenue and Union Drive East on the east side of Algonquin. Jump in any car and the GPS will take you there, so no worries about locating it. The car is parked in a small lot in between those two roads, so keep an eye on the HUD for the turquoise dot. The car will be marked with an arrow on as well, so you can see which car you have to boost.
When you locate the vehicle, hotwire it and head to the next destination, which is at the far north end of Algonquin, on Denver Avenue. Again, the GPS will get you there easily enough. Once you arrive, drive into the arrow outside of the guy's building, and Niko will call Francis. Francis will tell you to head to the roof across the street in order to get a clear shot at the guy through his window. This is a good idea, obviously, so get out of the car and do just that.
The building you have to infiltrate is across the street from where you parked your car, and is marked on the map by a yellow dot. Go into the apartment building, and begin climbing up to the very top floor. No one in the building will give you a hard time, even if you're wielding a weapon, so as long as you keep quiet and keep walking, getting to the roof should be a cinch. Once up there, head to the yellow dot on the HUD to begin the final part of this brief mission.
A cutscene will show your target sitting on the couch, watching television. The TV is actually the key to this whole mission. Why? Well, you'll see that the guy is sitting on the couch against a wall, and you can't shoot him through the window from there. However, if you shoot the TV, something might happen. Go ahead and shoot the television set. Your target will then get off the couch and stupidly look outside (how idiotic is this guy?). This gives you a three second (or so) window to shoot him, so once you shoot the TV, quickly get ready to aim at this guy's head or chest, and as soon as you can, pull the trigger. If done properly, the guy will die immediately. Alternatively you can call his phone (you see the number briefly in the cutscene). The number is 545-555-0122, he will get up to answer the phone which gives you time to line up your shot and take him out.
With your target downed, all you now have to do is head back to the ground level and back outside. Even with the loud bang of a sniper rifle, no police should be alerted to what you did as long as you didn't mess with anyone else with the sniper rifle (or start any trouble en route to the building and up to the roof). Once you're outside, Niko will then call up Francis, letting him know that the assassination went off without a hitch. That should get that crooked cop out of your hair for a while.
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|Corporate Histories Collection
The success of this project depends on the help of many volunteers. We are very grateful to all of them for their commitment to preserving for the future the history of these companies which were part of an industry that transformed the way people worked, played and communicated every day of their lives.
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Thank you to the volunteers who are contributing their knowledge of what happened, when and why in the companies they founded and worked for. The information in the Corporate Histories database exists only because of their efforts.
Thank you to the professional historians support this project by providing their insight and expertise to help insure that the information we are collecting will be useful to historical researchers:
Thank you to Lisa Kimball, Executive Producer, Group Jazz, for sharing her expertise in online group interaction.
Thank you to Dan Cohen, Roy Rosenzweig and Tom Scheinfeldt of the Center for History and New Media at George Mason University for sharing their expertise in using the Internet to collect historical information.
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The proposal to the Sloan Foundation which resulted in the grant supporting this project was jointly developed by the Charles Babbage Foundation, the Computer History Museum, and the Software History Center, which was acquired by the Computer History Museum on January 1, 2005. Many thanks to these organizations for their support of the Information Technology Corporate Histories Project and their ongoing commitment to the preservation of information technology history.


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Lessons to crack down on cyber-bullies
School students will learn to be ''safe and respectful digital citizens'' in training designed to combat cyber-bullying.
Amid growing concern over the impact of bullying through social media on the internet and mobile phones, the Prime Minister, Julia Gillard, will announce details of an education program to be rolled out in 3200 schools across Australia.
The cyber safety scheme, to be launched in Sydney on Wednesday, covers scenarios young people may face online and how to deal with them.
The interactive sessions are set to include videos and discussion among classmates. They have been developed by Life Education Australia and the online security company McAfee.
Life Education already sends its mobile vans to schools to provide occasional lessons on health, safety and drugs and will now expand the program to include positive digital behaviour.
Australia has about 9400 schools and Life Education says it worked in 3550 of them in 2011.
The online safety lessons will target children in middle primary school years and older - aiming to promote behaviour that lowers the risk of attacks.
An education lecturer at the University of Technology Sydney, Damian Maher, said many year six students were starting to get their own computers and smart phones.
Dr Maher, who specialises in cyber-bullying and computers in schools, said middle primary school was a good time to start having a discussion about online safety.
Not only should students be taught about how to conduct themselves online but also strategies for dealing with cyber-bullying attacks they may encounter, he said.
''There's just so many hidden traps about what happens once you start giving information [over the internet]; what happens to that information and who it goes to,'' Dr Maher said.
''It's very easy to use the technology but it's having the awareness of what the repercussions are.''
Online safety would be a good addition to the programs Life Education already delivered to students, Dr Maher said.
Both major parties have been looking for ways to address cyber-bullying in the lead-up to this year's federal election.
Ms Gillard said last week the government had been talking to Twitter, Facebook and other companies about cyber-bullying and web trolls.
''And we will keep urging these bodies that have some control over content to have policies that mean, not to stop people having a genuine conversation or anything like that, but some of the extremes that have caused real harm, to try to deal with that conduct,'' she said.
The Opposition Leader, Tony Abbott, has proposed the appointment of a ''children's e-safety commissioner'' and also measures to ensure offensive material can be taken down swiftly.
Daniel Hurst covers federal politics, focusing on education, employment and workplace relations.


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Men's Soccer plays at home after three weeks on the road
JOHNSON CITY, Tenn. (September 16, 2011) – On Saturday evening, the ETSU men's soccer team will face off against Davidson inside Summers-Taylor Stadium at 7 p.m. in its first home match since its season opening win against Presbyterian, 3-0, back on August 27.
The Bucs (4-1-0) return home after a successful road trip in which ETSU went 3-1-0 with wins against then-No. 24 UNC Greensboro, Marshall and then-No. 14 William and Mary. The Buccaneers' only loss came in their first match of the Stihl Soccer Classic, when they fell, 4-0, to then-No. 22 Old Dominion. After defeating Marshall on September 4, the Bucs were ranked for the first time in program history in the following week's Soccer America poll at No. 19.
ETSU's has averaged 1.6 goals per game, and have been led offensively by senior captain Aaron Schoenfeld (Knoxville, Tenn.). Over the first five games, Schoenfeld has scored two goals and tallied three assists to lead the team in points with seven. Also having scored two goals for the Bucs this season are junior Alesi Osorio (Austin, Texas) and sophomore David Geno (Kingsport, Tenn.). Osorio added an assist against Marshall to bring his point total to five.
Defensively, redshirt sophomore Ryan Coulter (Dublin Ireland) has been outstanding in his first year with the Bucs. Coulter has had four shutouts, one in every ETSU victory, and leads the conference in goals against average at 0.77. The redshirt sophomore has added to his résumé by making 23 saves off 66 shots faced up until this point.
Coulter's success hitherto can be credited with some help from the ETSU back line which has not only carried the load defensively, but offensively as well. Freshman Simon Schroettle (Rain, Germany) got the Bucs back on track following their loss to ODU by sending in a free kick from 35 yards out to give ETSU the lead over then-No. 14 William and Mary. Schroettle's goal was his first for ETSU, and was the game-winner as the Bucs won, 2-0.
Though 4-1, ETSU has drawn nearly equal to its opponents in many statistical categories. The Bucs have taken 66 shots to match the 66 they've faced, taken 31 corners to the oppositions 30 and have made 23 saves to the 20 that have been made against them. The only category in which ETSU has a clear advantage is in goals, as the Bucs hold an 8-4 advantage in that department.
Davidson (3-1-1) will test ETSU's goal scoring ability, as the Wildcats have given up just one goal, combining for four shutouts of their own, through their first five games. The Wildcats have outscored their opposition 8-1 to start the year, and will be a more than worthy opponent heading into Summers-Taylor Stadium.
Leading the way offensively for Davidson are Brian McGue and Max Riehemann. The two Wildcats have scored two goals each, with Riehemann scoring the game-winner in Davidson's most recent, 2-0, victory against Winthrop. Chip Sanders will stand between the posts for Davidson, having posted four shutouts and a tremendous goals against average of just 0.38 heading into Saturday.
The two teams will battle for supremacy in the NSCAA South Region, as ETSU is currently ranked No. 3 in the region and Davidson is ranked No. 9.
Live stats of Saturday night's game will be provided courtesy of ETSUBucs.com, and live video will be provided courtesy of ASun.TV.
For more information on ETSU men's soccer please visit ETSUBucs.com and click on the men's soccer links.


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Ecuador, in Search of Natural Balance
In Search of Natural Balance
On the world's waistline, the trees drip not only with rain but with treasures in feathered form. Like a kaleidoscopic plasma, a mixed feeding flock expands and contracts through the treetops-40 or so green gold, red, blue, purple, and yellow birds flipping, flitting, then doubling back through patches of dense foliage. Neither steady rain nor parasol-sized leaves slapping to the ground distract them from their quest for small fruits, insects, and nectar. Scanning steadily back and forth with his binoculars, Sam Woods sifts through the flock until he zeroes in on a busy, pencil-length bird that appears to have been dipped in tomato juice. "There it is! Get on this bird. That's the scarlet-breasted dacnis. It's found in few other places in the world," he quickly whispers, jabbing his finger toward a bustling tree crown.
Then, as quickly as it appeared, the dacnis and its flock mates vanish down a slope. "They'll be back," Woods tells me. He knows the program: Throughout the day, the restless flock does laps around the 71-hectare Río Silanche Bird Sanctuary in northwest Ecuador. This swatch of lowland rainforest protects not only birds but a wide variety of wildlife now crammed into a forested island surrounded by a spreading sea of pasture and oil palm plantations. The area was purchased in 2005 by the Mindo Cloudforest Foundation (MCF), an Ecuadorian nonprofit organization supported by both locally raised and foreign funds. In addition to purchasing more acreage, the foundation is working to reforest small patches of pasture cut out of the property and to cooperate with local landowners to create habitat links that may eventually join the sanctuary to two large conservation areas nearby.
Río Silanche Bird Sanctuary sits within the Chocó region, an area running from western Colombia into northwest Ecuador that is home to 87 bird species found nowhere else-the largest concentration of restricted-range endemics anywhere. The sanctuary is one of a growing constellation of small, threatened, and irreplaceable parcels packed into this United Kingdom-sized country. Saving such ecologically rich real estate comes at a price, but one that many conservationists now believe that Ecuador's wildlife will help pay. Conservation efforts such as those spearheaded by MCF aim not only to secure a future for Ecuador's biodiversity but also to capitalize on a rising tide of ecotourism that brings much-needed revenue to a country burdened with an oil-dependent economy, contentious politics, and high levels of poverty.
Carbon (Living and Dead) and Money
From its Pacific coast to its Andean spine and down into its steamy Amazonian lowlands, Ecuador is a microcosm of South American landscapes and cultures. Birds are but the most visible slice of its striking biodiversity, a resource that more than 200,000 foreign visitors flock to view every year. This natural bounty, however, is in decline in many parts of the country, leaving a generous portion of the world's biodiversity hanging in the balance. Ecuador is smaller than the state of Nevada, but it boasts plant diversity rivaling that of the entire United States. Some areas contain among the greatest recorded tree and insect diversity on the planet. It ranks third in amphibian diversity and fourth in birds, with around 1,600 species, or about 17 percent of the world's total. Ecuador also has the eighth-richest collection of reptile fauna in the world. And spectacled (Andean) bear, jaguar, Andean condor, and harpy eagle persevere in the country's lingering wilderness areas-species now vanishing from many parts of their once-extensive South American ranges.
Since large oil companies struck black gold in Ecuador's Amazonian east in the 1960s, this once-agrarian nation has hopped on an unrelenting economic rollercoaster ride. In 1999, Ecuador faced its worst economic crisis to date, brought about in good part by plummeting oil prices and damage done to infrastructure by El Niño-related extreme weather. Its currency is now the U.S. dollar, adopted in 2000 in a desperate attempt to stabilize the economy. Since then, Ecuador's economy has steadied somewhat but remains extremely vulnerable to oil price fluctuations.
Ecuador's political scene has been equally unstable. Since 1996, the country has been governed by seven presidents. Corruption, collapse, and cronyism are words that have accompanied many of the fleeting administrations.
While attempting to boost oil production and bolster its economy, Ecuador has sought to attract other industries to help diversify its portfolio. Petroleum is the country's top foreign money earner, but Ecuador is still not a major world producer; although output has doubled since 1980, it still only produced about 420,000 barrels a day in 2003, compared with 3.1 million in Canada, 3.8 million in Mexico, and 8.8 million in the United States, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
Over the past 20 years, tourism (most of it nature based) has grown to become the third-largest foreign income earner, after oil and remittances from Ecuadorians living and working out of the country. According to the Banco Central del Ecuador, tourism brought in $367 million in 2004 and averaged $383 million annually over the last seven years. In the 1970s and 1980s, the Galapagos Islands, which lie some 960 kilometers off the coast, drew most of Ecuador's foreign visitors. Today tourists visit not only this fabled archipelago but a host of Andean retreats and Amazonian lodges.
The influx of international tourists does not escape the attention of the national, provincial, and local governments, as illustrated by the country's first nature-oriented scenic route. Scenic overlooks, road improvements, and bright new signs mark the newly minted Paseo del Quinde ("Hummingbird Stroll"), which resulted from a marriage between private and government interests, including the Ecuadorian Ministry of Tourism, the provincial government of Pichincha Province, ecotourism businesses, and the project's creator, the MCF. Linking scenic and natural areas from Pichincha Volcano just west of Quito, through Mindo and west to Río Silanche Bird Sanctuary, the route targets Ecuadorians seeking natural getaways from nearby Quito as well as international tourists. The Ministry of Tourism is eyeing the success of the new route, with hopes of establishing others elsewhere in the country. Also, in a focused bid to elevate mainland Ecuador to a top ecotourism destination rivaling Costa Rica and its own Galapagos Islands, the government asked the Mindo Cloudforest Foundation to draw up the National Strategy for Birdwatching Tourism, an effort financed by the Netherlands. The push includes funds for marketing birding tourism in the United States and European countries, among others.
While the government is interested in touting Ecuador's natural treasures, its actions do not always favor conservation. As in many other tropical areas, Ecuador's biodiversity survives at the mercy of its growing human population of 13.4 million. Poverty levels are high-in 2001, 45 percent of the population was living below the poverty line, up from 40 percent in 1990, according to the World Bank. The per capita gross domestic product was $2,180 in 2005, nearly 20 times smaller than that of the United States. Rural communities are among those living in the deepest poverty in Ecuador, including indigenous people, who make up 25 percent of the nation's population. With a desperate need to finance social and education programs in a topsy-turvy political context, Ecuador's government has not adequately protected its vast national parks and reserves, nor in many cases conducted timely environmental impact statements, as dictated by its law, for oil development projects and other industrial activities.
Green Awakening
Its political, economic, and administrative weaknesses aside, Ecuador is a country that values education. About 90 percent of the populace can read and schools embrace environmental education. Public awareness of environmental concerns, from rainforest protection to pollution and watershed conservation, is on the rise. Many Ecuadorians now see their Amazon jungles and mountain forests as natural assets, whereas a few decades ago they were considered frontiers to conquer.
"I think it's changing and improving. There's definitely a growing awareness," says Marta Echavarria, a Colombian-born environmental scientist who settled in Ecuador 10 years ago. "Public opinion is turning toward environmental issues. You can see it in the number of articles in the newspapers. Every day you see something. In this case, the media reflects growing public interest. The private universities in Quito now offer programs in environmental studies, in applied ecology. I also notice it with my own kids-I see how much they learn in school-and also with the kids of the people who work on our farm."
While international headlines might lead one to believe that achieving environmental progress in Ecuador's uncertain political and economic climate is unlikely, many living in the country don't see it that way. "The political instability has definitely generated a lot of noise," says Echavarria, "but day to day, you don't feel it. Things keep going somehow." Echavarria now runs a butterfly farm in Mindo, shipping 1,000 butterflies a week to educators in the United States and Canada. Her enterprise employs 11 Mindo residents and a technician from Quito.
Other nature-oriented businesses, including nature lodges, now thrive along the Mindo road. "When I arrived in 1995, there was nothing," she says. "Now, I can't keep up. Mindo is booming and everyone in town has moved to ecotourism from agriculture. There's now a feeling and understanding, at least in the northwest, that this area is better off as a conservation-oriented place rather than an agricultural one." This attitude seems to be pervading many areas where foreign support joins with local will to change land use practices. This is happening not only at Río Silanche and Mindo but across the country.
Under the auspices of other nongovernmental organizations and private land owners, a broad spectrum of habitat protection and regeneration projects is under way. These efforts complement the government's chain of protected areas-14 large national parks and reserves established from the mid-1970s into the 1980s that together account for about 12 percent of the country's area. Not far from Río Silanche but higher in the Andean foothills lies the Bosque Nublado Santa Lucía, some 650 hectares of cloud forest protected by land-owning campesino families that run an ecotourism venture and encourage volunteers to help them monitor and reforest their property. Nearby, expatriate Australian and British landowners in the Tandayapa region run nature lodges that employ local families. The lodges are a small local industry that is helping to bring back the surrounding cloud forest cover as cattle raising fades as the predominant local money-earner.
In the country's far south, a rare dry forest has been purchased by a consortium of local and international conservation groups with the aim of helping local communities protect a watershed and wildlife by replacing grazing and tree-cutting with medicinal plant and fruit harvests and other sustainable forest uses. The Washington, D.C.-based American Bird Conservancy works with the Fundación Jocotoco, which since its establishment in 1998 has acquired and begun to protect a reserve network that encompasses about 4,700 hectares at six properties scattered across the country. The sites are among the last homes for highly localized wildlife such as the Jocotoco antpitta, a deep-forest bird discovered in 1997. Much of the funds for these efforts have come from foreign donations, but most future support is expected to come from ecotourism. Already, revenue generated by international and in-country tourist visits pays the salaries of two of the most popular reserves' locally hired wardens.
Tourism ventures are not only linked to specific conservation projects, however. Universities now offer hospitality degrees and many small family ventures are popping up. Renato Carrillo is planning a new one. The 30-year-old Quito resident has guided tourists to the Cotopaxi volcano-at 5,366 meters, the highest active volcano in the world-and other natural sites for more than 10 years as part of his small tour-guiding business, Tato's Tours. Wearing a red and white jacket that broadcasts his allegiance to his favorite soccer team, Carrillo enthusiastically lays out his plans while driving his van through the outskirts of Quito: "With my family, I have two hectares quite close to the site of the planned new [Quito] airport. We have enough land to have agriculture and a hotel. That's my idea for the future-agri-tourism, the joining of farming with tourism."
Into the Amazon
Far east and over the Andes from Mindo and Río Silanche, the Amazon region of Ecuador contains some of the country's worst poverty, most of its oil wealth, and its largest remaining indigenous communities and wilderness areas. Local communities have worked-and occasionally risen up-to force oil companies to provide them with better support and compensation for the environmentally damaging activities that draw and transport oil from their region. Meanwhile, far from the current oil hotspots, lie the pristine lowland rainforests of the southeast, where a bold effort to protect nature and the Achuar indigenous culture has taken wing.
"As my Achuar friend Domingo Peas said, 'We are not business people, we never did it in the past...but we must learn in order to protect our territory and our forest,'" says Paulina Rodriguez, operations manager of the Kapawi Ecolodge and Reserve. The lodge bills itself as the largest community-based project ever developed in Ecuador and helps protect 5,000 square kilometers of Amazonian rainforest. The late Ecuadorian entrepreneur and journalist Carlos Pérez Perasso, who founded Ecuador's El Universo newspaper, started the lodge in 1993, working through his travel company Canodros and with the Federation of the Achuar Indigenous People. Perasso's goal was to keep the Achuar people, their rainforests, and their way of life safe from oil development and other unsustainable and disruptive activities. Perasso invested more than US$2 million in the venture and hoped to hand it all over to the Achuars. Today, more than 70 percent of the hotel's staff of 32 are Achuar, including guides, cooks, housekeepers, waiters, canoe drivers, and maintenance workers. Combined, the Achuar staff receives US$70,000 in salaries each year.
The reserve remains free of roads; tourists arrive on chartered flights. For the privilege of staying and viewing pink river dolphins, squirrel monkeys, and other wildlife, each visitor pays between US$175 and US$290 a night. In addition, the community collects an average of US$16,000 per year in entrance fees, and Perasso's company Canodros pays the federation more than US$50,000 per year to rent their land. Currently, the lodge reaches the break-even point each year but has yet to produce much in the way of revenue. Because goods only arrive via aircraft, costs are still too high. The Achuar Federation is now looking into creating its own small aircraft service to lower these costs and increase revenues-a pressing need, as the federation is about to give up its rental income from Canodros. "In 2011, the entire lodge with all it has inside will be transferred to the Achuar people without any cost for them," says Rodriguez. "We are working to train the Achuar people to be able to manage the lodge by 2011." The exact transfer process will be decided by the Achuar Federation's assembly, which may choose to manage the property or hire a small professional team to help them handle the business.
There are other Amazon lodges in Ecuador, and many provide a primary source of income for local communities. The Napo Wildlife Center, owned by the Quito-based NGO EcoEcuador, is one. The local indigenous Quichua community of Añangu, which inhabits part of the vast and poorly patrolled Yasuní National Park in northeast Ecuador, receives 49 percent of net profits from the ecotourism lodge, funds that are used to support education, health care, and other needs. At least 85 percent of the lodge's employees hail from Añangu. In addition to their accommodation fees, all lodge guests pay park entrance fees, which go to the Ministry of the Environment. The center, meanwhile, provides protection for 212 square kilometers of the park's lowland rainforest, which in other sections is barely under surveillance. Not far off, the Sacha Lodge employs members of 100 local families and protects a private reserve of 2,000 hectares of rainforest. Small groups of well-paying foreign tourists visit many of these lodges, some of which now host more than 1,000 visitors a year. The future of this rising industry depends upon fair partnerships with local communities, ethical behavior within protected areas-and upon steady visitation.
Our day at Río Silanche ends as it began, with fleeting glimpses of the returning flock in the darkening tree crowns: more tanagers, a blue-whiskered here, a scarlet-browed there, barbets, warblers, honeycreepers. Sam Woods walks me past a 14-meter cinderblock and metal tower that, when fully constructed, will give visitors a bird's-eye view of the daily feeding frenzy. "They'll charge $10 or $15 admission. That should cover the fruit that will be put out to draw in the birds, and other expenses," Woods tells me. That admission price will be for foreign visitors; Ecuadorians will pay a lower fee, as is the case in many of the country's parks.
Small creatures like the tiny dacnis, just 13 centimeters long, have the power to lure in visitors from around the world who crave glimpses and snapshots of Ecuador's effulgent wildlife. This interplay may, with careful coaxing, help smooth Ecuador's rocky road, drawing in a steady stream of foreign exchange that benefits local communities and fuels a growing appreciation of-and a firmer commitment to-the imperative to conserve the country's irreplaceable biodiversity.
Howard Youth is a former Associate Editor at Worldwatch. His work has previously appeared here and in Worldwatch's Vital Signs series. He also wrote Worldwatch Paper 165, Winged Messengers: The Decline of Birds, and the chapter "Watching Birds Disappear" in State of the World 2003.


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U.S. Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission
Ohio Fastener Manufacturer Subjected Hispanic Machinists to Discrimination, Federal Agency Charged
CLEVELAND – A Medina, Ohio manufacturer of fasteners and fastening will pay $245,000 and furnish other relief to settle a national origin discrimination lawsuit brought by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), the agency announced today.
According to the EEOC's suit in U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio, Eastern Division (Case No. 1:08-cv-02271), two Hispanic machinists at SFS Intec were denied training opportunities that were regularly made available to non-Hispanic employees. The EEOC's investigation revealed that the two machinists were subjected to condescending and offensive comments with respect to their national origin, Puerto Rican. The Hispanic machinists were also the only two employees who lost their jobs when SFS Intec implemented a reduction in force at its Medina facility in July, 2007.
In addition to monetary relief, the consent decree settling the suit provides that SFS Intec will provide training to all supervisors and managers employed at its Medina plant regarding Title VII's requirements and policies regarding compliance with the statute. SFS Intec will also post a notice informing employees of its commitment to compliance with the statute.
"We are very pleased that this employer is taking proactive measures to ensure a discrimination-free workplace in the future by addressing the problems that led to the lawsuit," said EEOC Acting Regional Attorney Debra Lawrence.
According to company's web site, SFS Intec, headquartered in Wyomissing, Pa., has manufacturing plants in Pennsylvania and Ohio and maintains service centers in California, Georgia, Iowa, Pennsylvania and Texas. SFS Intec has 400 employees.The EEOC enforces federal laws prohibiting employment discrimination. Further information about the EEOC is available on its web site at www.eeoc.gov.


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ODU Cagers Kickoff Monarch Reading Program
By ODU Athletics
Oct. 14, 2006
Members of the Old Dominion University men's and women's basketball Squads participated in the inaugural Monarchs Reading Program at various schools around the Norfolk area last week.
The Monarchs who participated were Vicki Collier (Upper Marlboro, MD.) at Dreamkeepers's Academy; T.J. Jordan (Portsmouth, VA.) at Ghent Elementary, Frank Hassell (Chesapeake, VA.) at Campostella Elementary and John Morris (Camp Hill, PA.) at Bayview Elementary.
The program is a partnership between Old Dominion University athletics, Global Spectrum (operator/manager, Ted Constant Convocation Center) and Norfolk Public Schools.
In partnership with Norfolk Public Schools, 20,000 official bookmarks were Distributed to students in each elementary school in the Norfolk Public School District. Every child who reads four or more books during the eight-week program will Receive a free ticket to a Monarchs or Lady Monarchs home basketball game, where they will be recognized at halftime.


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"Most users ever online was 546 on Jun 28 2007, 09:49 AM"
How did this happen? 546 is close to a number you'd get on a real forum. Was it a spambot attack?
Typical me, searching after I post things. Can't delete this one, either.
So it really is just spammers? Or was it "that guy"? Or is that guy a spammer?


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Monday, March 24, 2008
post season clearance sale
There will be three '07 team bikes for sale. #1 pictured here is the "pit bike" and had very little use as we had very few mechanicals last season. The bike is all Ultegra with Paul's brakes and a King headset. It has an Easton carbon fork so it is light and race ready with a new chain,cassette cables and XT pedals all for $ 1,700. The other two bikes are full Dura ace and will be $ 2,400 and $ 2,800. These bikes have one season of use and are all with new chains, cassettes and cables. Call the shop at 831-429-8010 weekdays for more details. More photos are on the way.
Posted by swiggco world at 6:17 PM
2 comments:
- ark said...
I'm pretty sure telling us the sizes would be really useful :-P
- March 24, 2008 at 7:36 PM
- swiggco world said...
Hah....a wise guy! Yes, I should add that these bikes were ridden by 5'9" riders and that the bike in the photo is a 47 seat tube with a 54 top tube. I'll be more comprehensive in my approach in the next posting.Nice to know that somebody is already looking !
- March 25, 2008 at 8:16 AM
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