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NEW YORK — On Sept. 19 in New York, Brian Williams sat down with Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad for an exclusive interview. The conversation was conducted via a translator. This transcript has been cleaned up for readability.
Brian Williams: Mr. President, thank you so much. I was interested. You wanted to be able to gesture with your hands while you spoke. What else should Americans know about you as a person, sir?
Ahmadinejad: About me? I'm an individual amongst the many of the Iranian people.
Williams: You are traveling with your wife on this trip.
Ahmadinejad: Yes.
Williams: May we know anything about her?
Ahmadinejad: She is an Iranian woman. And just as I am an Iranian too.
Williams: All right.
Ahmadinejad: And she is my friend and my companion. And I am her companion.
Williams: Mr. President, you're here as a guest of the United Nations. Under the protection of the United States. What is your message to the American people?
Ahmadinejad: I have talked about this in the past. In the letter I sent to Mr. Bush, I also addressed the American people. We think that the American people are like our people. They're good people. They support peace, equality and brotherhood. They like to see the world in peace. We think that, together, nations can uphold the peace and justice around the world.
Williams: On that point, sir, you've expressed a desire to perhaps tour and see more of the United States. Do you think that day could ever come?
Ahmadinejad: It might.
Williams: Where would you like to go?
Ahmadinejad: I don't really know that if I am here it's possible to see different parts of America. Right now the time pressures are immense, and I, there's really no time.
Williams: Is there any city or attraction you've...
Ahmadinejad: No. It's the entire country... American people are good people.
Williams: The president of the United States, speaking to the United Nations today, said to the people of Iran, "The United States respects you." But he said, "Your government is using resources to fund terrorists. And pursue nuclear weapons." He said he looks forward to the day when America and Iran can be good friends. And close partners in the cause of peace. How do you react to the statement of the American president today?
Ahmadinejad: We have the same desire, to be together for the cause of world peace. But we have to — see what the impediments are. Is it Iranian forces that have occupied countries neighboring the United States, or is it American forces that are occupying countries neighboring Iran? If Mr. Bush is saying that he can (unintelligible) the distance between the Iranian nation and the Iranian government, he is wrong. I am a normal person. A very average, regular person in Iran. The nation decided that I become the head of the state. The nation and the government are one and single. And together, we share everything. But we too like to rise at a point where we can pursue the cause of world peace. But we have to remove the barrier. That's where the question lies.
Williams: And that is where the United States president would say, "Halt this uranium enrichment."
Ahmadinejad: I question the world peace. Is it peace by those who produce a third generation of nuclear bombs? Or those who seek peaceful nuclear technology for their power plants? We think that people who produce bombs can — the atomic bomb cannot, in fact, speak of supporting world peace. We all know that Iran's nuclear issue is an excuse. It's been 27 years now that we've faced the hostility of the U.S. administration in various forms. Let me tell you something: Before the revolution, the government in Iran was dependent on the United States. The U.S. administration (unintelligible) to say. We, the individual, was a dictator in the complete sense of the word. He suppressed people. He used guns to put down people's demonstrations. I was a student at the time. Many of my friends were imprisoned. Because of reading books. Because of expressing their opinions about social affairs. We produced 6 million barrels of oil then. Only 600,000 of which was used domestically. The rest was exported. But our country was poor. The urban areas as well as villages were in ruin. There was really no help. The cities were in poor condition. But the prisons were growing. And that's when our nation rose. To speak freedom. To seek free elections. And to have the right over its own fate.
It expected that the U.S. administration, who claims to support freedom and democracy, to support it. To support it. Or at least to remain silent. But from the day one, the U.S. government has been against our nation. Only one case, if I were to decide, was the support it gave to Saddam Hussein during the eight year war against Iran. Do you know what happened during that war? Over 200,000 Iranian people, young men, died. Hundreds of thousands more were injured. At the same time, we were able to protect our country. But the US government supported Saddam. Nonetheless, our nation was interested in having friendly relations with everyone. We were never an aggressor on any other nation's rights. And we never repressed the rights of anyone. There was a terrorist group inside Iran that, in fact, assassinated many of our authorities and officials. The president, the prime minister, the ministers. The head of the supreme court. Many members of parliament. Regular people. And America supported this group. The question is, why? We thought we might be able to have friendly relations with the United States. But the American government chose the wrong path. And a path which is still continuing.
Williams: You say you have never repressed the rights of anyone-- and you speak of the days when people were jailed for expressing opinions. Yet, during your authority, 100 newspapers have been closed --web loggers have been shut down. Western culture and music have been stopped from entering Iran. Arguably that is not freedom of expression.
Ahmadinejad: You need to separate work that is taken legally and one that is taken illegally. You must also see that thousands of newspapers have been opened. Thousands of new opportunities are created. In our country, the law matters and will — a law approved by a representative of the people. About three months ago, a newspaper associated with the government violated the law and was shut down. Although, it was the only really podium for our government, for the government's position. But it violated the law. So everybody is treated equally before the law. Do you truly believe that using American music is a sign of freedom?
Williams: I don't like all American music. But why not allow your people the same choice?
Ahmadinejad: But the problem of our people is not what you think it is. And this is the same mistake that the American government makes about Iran. I prefer really not going after the kind of things that you think may matter. Our people are very free. They have a direct — contact with the president. Regular people, everyone. They talk. And-they debate. And the president is among them. Everybody is together. And they decide together. Of course there are, you know, differences of taste and everywhere. We don't want people to be robots. Or to have a (unintelligible) with beyond which they can't move.
Williams: But I think even our president expressed today America's quarrel is not with the Iranian people. It's with you.
Ahmadinejad: The war, who was it against? The Iranian government or the Iranian people? Against the Iranian nation. When (unintelligible) son was occupied was it an act against the Iranian government or the Iranian nation? The bombardment of our cities by Saddam, was that an act against the government or the people? Who supported Saddam? Were these truly acts against the Iranian government? Iran has been under sanctions for 27 years. Even spare parts for aircrafts are denied to us. Is this against the government or an act against the people? Again, I'm saying, in Iran, the government and the nation are one. And I am the representative of the Iranian people. Certainly not as a judge, but as an elected official.
Williams: If your goal is dialogue with America, and the American president says, "It's OK, keep your nuclear programs and keep your homes warm. Stop enriching uranium toward weapons." How do you react?
Ahmadinejad: Who is the right judge for that? Any entity except the IAEA? Reports indicate that Iran has had no deviation. We have said on numerous occasions that our activities are for peaceful purposes. The agency's cameras videotape all the activities that we have. So I ask, did Iran build the atomic bomb and use it? Who are the ones who are testing the third generation of nuclear bombs? All bombs with micro-agents or chemical agents. You must know that, because of our beliefs and our religion, we're against such acts. We are against the atomic bomb. We believe bombs are used only to kill people. And we are against killing people.
Williams: You have large missiles with a long range. Why keep them in your arsenal if you don't someday hope to tip them with a nuclear weapon?
Ahmadinejad: So are you thinking of the possibility of a danger? Is that what you're speaking of?
Williams: I'm asking about your arsenal.
Ahmadinejad: Yes, we are powerful and strong in defending ourselves. But, again, I ask, who has the nuclear bomb and has used it before? Which one is a bigger danger? One that's trying to develop a fuel for peaceful purposes? Or the one that made a nuclear weapon? That's where my main point is. We think that the world should run with justice. Some governments cannot pursue an arsenal of nuclear weapons, but then prevent others from developing fuel for peaceful purposes thinking that there might be a future threat. And that's preventing them from developing the facilities that they need for peaceful nuclear development. We think that the nuclear issue is an excuse, just like previous excuses. We think that the American government is against development of Iran. Not a nuclear weapon, per se. Because, after all, there are other governments in our region that have nuclear weapons. But they're supported by the American government. So how do you respond to this contradiction?
Williams: I am not an employee of the state, of course.
Ahmadinejad: I'm not speaking of you, sir. I understand. For Bush.
Williams: Perhaps because we will not, in this conversation, reach a nuclear agreement. Let me ask you about the pope.What was your reaction to the pope's speech? And do you accept his apology?
Ahmadinejad: I talked about this yesterday. I think that the people who give political advice to the pope were not well informed. Because when we look at history, just look at the 20th century, for example. And the wars waged in that country. Over 100 million people were killed. Hundreds of million more were displaced. Who created those wars? Those who were killed exceed the number than than the individuals who were killed in previous centuries combined. Where does the first and second world wars occur? Who started it? Where did the Muslims start a war? Of course, we certainly believe that those who wage war are neither Muslim or Christian. Nor Jew. They really don't believe in any religion. Because all religion report peace and brotherhood. All support justice. I think if the pope had had a little more thorough historical examination of events, he would not have made those remarks. History is before our eyes. A hundred million dead just in the 20th century alone. By whom? Right now the wars that are around us in the world, who's behind them? Did you know, by any chance, that over 100 -- over a period of 110 years — the U.S. government went into 111 wars? Who were these people? Muslims? Christians? Jews? No, certainly not. I believe that these people don't believe in religion at all. Those who want to solve problems with war do not believe in the sayings of the prophet. Because the prophet, were to speak, for peace and justice.
Williams: Do you believe the pope is a decent man? And do you accept his words of apology?
Ahmadinejad: I think that he actually takes back his statement. And there is no problem. He should be careful that those who want war do not take advantage of his statements and use it for their own causes People in important positions should be careful about what they say. What he said may give an excuse to another group to start a war. Where the religion should support peace and brotherhood. Christ was a prophet for peace, as was Moses. And as was the prophet Muhammad.
Williams: Mr. President, this is not a matter of great concern, this next question, but we have gotten used to seeing you in the tan jacket with the zipper. Today, you are dressed differently. Is that jacket a symbol of your standing or upbringing in Iran?
Ahmadinejad: No. It depends on which one I'm more comfortable wearing. And it of course depends on my colleagues and friends, too. I knew that you were going to wear a suit, so I decided to wear this jacket.
Williams: Excellent. You are on the cover of Time magazine here in the United States and around the world. Inside, it says, "A Date with a Dangerous Mind." Why do you think they think you have a dangerous mind? Do you?
Ahmadinejad: You should hear what I have to say, and then be the judge of that. I think that if people have a hard time accepting the logic and fact, they should not actually accuse others. The picture is an attempt to darken my face a lot. I think it actually shows me much younger than what I am. The first page, the cover.
Williams: Oh, the cover?
Ahmadinejad: This one? The cover page. Oh, it's really…
Williams: You approve?
Ahmadinejad: …questionable. It's darkened me. And also much — it looks much younger than what I am.
Williams: The question on the cover is what war with Iran would look like. How do you think the discussion has been allowed to get that far, that we're discussing possible war between the U.S. and Iran?
Ahmadinejad: I think we need to ask this question from American — U.S. — politician. But please, let's accept that these questions are raised by only a group of politicians here. But do you really think that the document, the passage shows on this select group of 60 and their goal? I think they're very wrong in what they're doing. They're not moving forward with the developments around the world. The world has changed. Nations have — are awakened now. They want their rights. Equal rights. And fair one. The time for world empires has ended. The U.S. government thinks that it's still the period after World War II. That when they came out as a victor. And enjoyed special rights. And can rule therefore, over the rest of the world. I explicitly say that I am against the policies chosen by the U.S. government to run the world. Because these policies are moving the world towards war. I think that we need to resort to logic, not war. Why should we speak of war? What has happened? What's happened is that the Iranian nation wants to stand on it's feet. It doesn't want to be dependent. It wants to have it's own technology. It wants to develop. Why the U.S. government so against our people? They speak of war so easily, as if it's on their daily agenda. We never speak of war.
Williams: Because…
Ahmadinejad: We speak of peace, equality, rationality.
Williams: The fear of our President is that a nuclear weapon is on Iran's agenda.
Ahmadinejad: I've said before, he's not afraid of a nuclear weapon. There already is nuclear weapon in our region, held by groups, supported by the U.S. government. Is there discrimination here? Are we having a selective approach? We don't need weapons at all. We're strong enough to defend ourselves. And we support peace. And we support equality. We do not want to rule over other people's land. When repeated IAA reports indicate that there has been no deviation in Iran's pursuit of nuclear technology, then why should the U.S. government be so fearful? We think that the world is afraid of the policies being pursued by the U.S. government. Because they won't accept any at all. They're not a party to the MPT either. Why not? Well, why don't they sign the MPT? Why don't they destroy the nuclear arsenal they have? And then the world will be free. We abide by the regulations of the MPT. And we must remain transparent with our people and honest with our people.
Williams: There is something you said that upset and scared a lot of people. It upset a lot of Jews in the United States and around the world when you called the Holocaust a myth. There are people, some people I know who escaped Hitler's reign. There is research. There are scholars who can teach you about it. And yet, you've expressed doubt about the Holocaust. Why?
Ahmadinejad: I've answered three of your questions on this. You know that I belong to the university. I'm an academician by nature. I'm interested in having a scientific approach to all events. But we've chosen three questions. The first question was: In the first World War, over 60 — In the second World War, over 60 million people lost their lives. They were all human beings. Why is it that only a select group of those who were killed have become so prominent and important?
Williams: Because of the difference humankind draws between warfare and genocide.
Ahmadinejad: Do you think that the 60 million who lost their lives were all at the result of warfare alone? There were two million that were part of the military at the time, perhaps altogether, 50 million civilians with no roles in the war — Christians, Muslims. They were all killed. The second and more important question that I raised was, if this event happened, and if it is a historical event, then we should allow everyone to research it and study it. The more research and studies are done, the more we can become aware of the realities that happened. We still leave open to further studies absolute knowledge of science or math. Historical events are always subject to revisions, and reviews and studies. We're still revising our thoughts about what happened over thousands of years ago. Why is it that those who ask questions are persecuted? Why is every word so sensitivity or such prohibition on further studies on the subject? Where as we can openly question God, the prophet, concepts such as freedom and democracy? And the third question that I raised in this regard: if this happened, where did it happen? Did the Palestinian people have anything to do with it? Why should the Palestinians pay for it now? Five million displaced Palestinian people is what I'm talking about. Over 60 years of living under threat. Losing the lives of thousands of dear ones. And homes that are destroyed on a daily basis over people's heads. You might argue that the Jews have the right to have a government. We're not against that. But where? At a place where their people were — several people will vote for them, and where they can govern.
Williams: Yes, but…
Ahmadinejad: Not at the cost of displacing a whole nation. And occupying the whole territory.
Williams: Is that a change in your position that Israel should be wiped away? And second, would you ever be willing to sit down with Jews, with scholars, with survivors of Hitler's camps where six million died? Our American film director Stephen Spielberg is one of many collecting the stories of those still alive, who will tell you of the dead, and the program to kill the Jews in Germany and elsewhere.
Ahmadinejad: I feel as there is a feeling a feeling of a need to get the truth here. Among American politicians as well as some media here. The main question is if this happened in Europe, what is the fault of the Palestinian people? This is a problem we have today, the root cause of many of our problems, not what happened 60 years ago. The Palestinian people are — their lives are being destroyed today. There's a pretext of the Holocaust. Lands have been occupied, usurped. What is their fault? What are they to be blamed for? Are they not human beings? Do they have no rights? What role did they play in the Holocaust? Some attempt to sort of change the subject. From the first day I said, "Well, assuming that the Holocausthappened..." Then again, what does it have to do with the Palestinian people? Not at all. Nothing. Believe me, Palestinian people are human beings. They have feelings. They like to live in their own land, to have the right to self determination, to feel secure in their homes. So that small kids are not killed. So that women are not taken from their own homes, taken from their own home. What is the future of such measures?
Williams: If I was President Bush, sitting here across from you, what would you say to him? President to President, but more important, man to man?
Ahmadinejad: It would be really good if you were, actually here, instead of, I mean, replacing Mr. Bush. I think that the situation would have been better here, if you were Mr. Bush. I sent him a letter.
Williams: I'm aware of it.
Ahmadinejad: I raised some very serious issues. I really expressed my thoughts and beliefs. You know that I am teacher. I am interested in talks and in dialogue. I like to understand the truth. Facts. And in that letter, I raised very important subject. I invited him to peace, brotherhood and friendship. But we did not receive an answer. Do you think that I should say anything besides the things that I mentioned there? I, as man to another man, I would say, "We can truly love people. Human beings, all of them. Not a particular party, group or faction alone. Not a special investor or shareholder alone. Everyone. Believe me, children in Africa are human beings, too. They like to have peace, live in peace and live in comfort. They love their parents. And their parents love their children, wherever they live. But they see their children's lives being destroyed in front of their eyes. Because of poverty. While they live on wealth — their lands are very wealthy and resourceful.
Williams: And you talk about children. You and I are both fathers. Recently in your country, thousands of people have signed up to be part of suicide brigades. How would you feel if your own children chose to do such a thing?
Ahmadinejad: Well, what is your feeling about that? Think if America is attacked. What would you like your son to do? Do you want him to defend America or not? I think you would like your son to defend America. It's the same with our son. When you don't have arms, when you don't have power, what can you do? You will sacrifice yourself for your country. It's not a bad thing. Although we are against war. We hate it. The war was imposed on the Middle East. Just look at the scene. About 10,000 kilometers, you look around us. There are hundreds of forces and troops, hundreds of thousands of troops around us. Under the pretext of freedom and democracy. They don't value the people of the region. The people of the region know how to run their own affairs. It's regretful. This coming from a group that supported Saddam for eight years. Saddam was the biggest dictator in our region. Even today, they support countries that have had no elections whatsoever. But still they speak of creating democracy through war. Especially coming from outside. It's impossible to achieve.
Williams: Isn't the world a safer place without Saddam?
Ahmadinejad: It could have been. If you look at Iraq today, everybody was happy was Saddam was overthrown. People thought that the occupying forces would hand over the affairs of the country immediately to the people — at least as soon as possible. Not only did they not leave, but they also said that they plan to stay. They are building huge military bases, to stay. Since the overthrow of Saddam to this day, hundreds of thousands of civilians have been killed there. We think that this goes against the very rules of security. You know, we're very close with the people in Iraq. Many of our people are families and extended relatives. There have been a lot of inter-marriages. There's the deep relationship on an emotional level between our people and theirs. Even Saddam's war against Iran did nothing to damage these old ties. Because we've lived together for thousands of years. The entire Iranian nation sympathizes with every Iraqi individual that suffers as a result of the occupation. Whereas we know that according to international law, creating safety and security is the responsibility of the occupying force. Iraqi authorities say that many of the tensions and the insecurity in the country is as a result of the occupation and occupying forces. Why should this be the case? It could have been much better. Saddam's removal could have been a very good beginning for the American government. To strengthen it's friendship ties with the nations of the region. Everybody was happy in the beginning. But today, the conditions in the region have changed. Anti-American sentiment, hatred towards the American government has increased on a daily basis. Why is this the case?
Williams: Hence...
Ahmadinejad: It could have been different.
Williams: Hence...
Ahmadinejad: We are not happy with what we see there.
Williams: Some of the fighters are trained and funded by your country, shooting at the American soldiers.
Ahmadinejad: This is the claim the U.S. government makes. But there's no evidence. Security in Iraq has the worst impact on Iran. Because we're neighbors. We have very close ties with Iraqi government and Iraqi people. We like to see a powerful Iraqi government. A powerful and secure government in Iraq will benefit Iran. And will benefit the entire region. Because the government, the parliament, the people of Iraq all have close relations with our nation. They're our friends.
Williams: And yet, I have stood on the helmets of Iranian soldiers, which are now used as pavement on Saddam's old parade grounds. I think that also speaks to the bitterness on and off, over the years between the two nations.
Ahmadinejad: Undoubtedly, Saddam hated us. But not the Iraqi people. Millions of people from Iran travel to Iraq on a yearly basis. Kurd, Sunni and Shias were all friends. The Iraqi president is an old friend of mine. The head of the state, the prime minister, is a very close friend of mine, too. And the head of their parliament, the parliament speaker, is a good friend of mine, too. So, we're friends.
Williams: Thank you.


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Greens suffer another KXL setback
The State Department on Friday released a final environmental study of the Keystone XL oil pipeline that increases the odds the project will win approval from the Obama administration, delivering yet another disappointment for climate activists.
The long-awaited analysis echoes past State Department studies that found little evidence the Alberta-to-Texas pipeline would worsen climate change by triggering a big surge of oil production in western Canada. Despite some new language that could bolster environmentalists' arguments, project supporters say the findings should remove any reason for President Barack Obama to stand in the pipeline's way when he makes the final decision.
Story Continued Below
Along with the climate fears, the study also discounted climate activists' claims that the oil funneled through Keystone will be exported from the Gulf Coast, mainly benefiting countries such as China.
( Earlier on POLITICO: Oil group says State to favor Keystone)
But it also throws cold water on supporters' claims that the pipeline will be a job-creating machine. While construction will directly and indirectly create an average of 42,100 jobs a year for one to two years, only 35 permanent jobs will result once the pipeline starts operating, the report says.
Still, the report elated the Canadian government, pro-oil lawmakers and other project supporters — although one backer on the Hill, Sen. John Hoeven (R-N.D.), said he feared that Obama will find new ways to delay making a final decision.
"We need to keep the pressure on the administration, both legislatively and in the court of public opinion," Hoeven said.
Meanwhile, members of Obama's green base were nursing reactions ranging from disappointment to outrage. They differed mainly on whether they still hope the president will take their side against the pipeline, which activists have built into a major test of Obama's climate and energy agenda.
( Sign up for POLITICO's Morning Energy tip sheet)
Friday's report "is by no means the final word on the Keystone XL pipeline," said Neera Tanden, president of the Center for American Progress — a liberal group whose former chairman is Obama special adviser John Podesta. "Since we know this pipeline will significantly exacerbate the problem of carbon pollution, I hope that President Obama will hold firm on the commitment he made in his climate speech and reject the pipeline."
Less politely, Rep. Raul Grijalva (D-Ariz.) denounced the study as a "sham," pointing to accusations of conflicts of interest by a consultant working on the report.
"This process has featured multiple documented conflicts of interest, corporate failure to disclose relevant business ties, and a State Department more interested in greasing the skids than doing due diligence," Grijalva said. "We thought we'd seen the last of this in the George W. Bush era, when profits came before science and wealthy corporate interests called all the shots."
Russ Girling, CEO of Keystone developer TransCanada, said the opponents keep grasping at straws even as the evidence goes against them.
"No matter how much noise they make or how much misinformation they spread, the science does support this project," he said.
( Also on POLITICO: Full energy and environment policy coverage)
The White House was trying to keep its distance Friday, saying the matter is a technical decision housed for now at the State Department. "These issues are complex — they require rigorous approach and assessments and that is what it is," White House spokesman Jay Carney told reporters.
The pipeline has become a seemingly endless waiting game, with symbolic meaning on all sides: Landmark of the North American oil boom. Litmus test for Obama's seriousness about global warming. A source of uncommon friction between the U.S. and Canada.
TransCanada has been seeking U.S. approval for more than five years, and both supporters and opponents have been on edge for the new report's release since late summer.
"This has been perhaps the most studied natural resources project in the history of the world," Canadian Natural Resources Minister Joe Oliver said in a recent interview.

subset: commoncrawl


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IT Calendar
IT Departments
Marauder Card Office
The Marauder Card is a multipurpose identification card. You can use it for anything on campus from Grill155 to Library books. It is the official ID card for students, faculty, & staff at Central State University. Your ID Card provides access to certain facilities & events, and also serves as your Marauder Library card.
The front of the card is your Identification. It identifies you as a student, faculty or staff and indicates your status. Your PID number is printed on the front. This is your official University identification number. Your photo will last for four years, so remember to say 'cheese'.
The back of your card contains a magnetic stripe which holds all your account information, and access. There is also an ISO (long) number under the barcode on the back of the card that is used to check out books at the library on campus. If your card is lost or stolen notify the card office immediately! Didn't get your card yet? Check out our How to Get your Marauder Card section to see when you can get yours and what you will need to bring with you.
Location & Hours
The Marauder Card Office is located in the basement of the Newsom Administration Building, right next to the National Afro-American Museum & Cultural Center .
Office hours are Monday-Friday 8:00 - 5:00. We are closed University holidays.
Mailing Address:
Marauder Card Office
1400 Brush Row Rd.
P.O. Box 1004
Wilberforce, OH 45384-1004
Phone: (937) 376-6064
Fax: (937) 376-6475
Email: email@example.com
Need Directions? call our office at 937-376-6064 or, View a map of the CSU Campus
Frequently Asked Questions
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Pinhole cameras more than just a piece of photographic past|
All cameras, from your great-grandad's Kodak Brownie to the iPhone in your shirt pocket, work the same way. The details vary, but the concept is identical. Every camera, in the history of cameras, consists of a light-tight box with a hole at one end and some light-sensitive material at the other.
Not so long ago, the light sensitive material was film, now it's more likely an electronic sensor. The hole usually a lens of some sort, focusing the light, making a sharp picture. But it doesn't have to be. It can be a simple pinhole. The camera can be made of anything, too. It just has to be light-tight. A soda can, a cardboard box, a bread truck — even your mouth — can be a pinhole camera.
In his book "Alternative Photographic Processes," Christopher James writes that the phenomenon of a small hole projecting a picture on an opposite flat surface in a dark room was probably first recorded by the Chinese philosopher Mo Tzu in the 5th century B.C. Later, in about 350 B.C., Aristotle witnessed the phenomenon and included the "camera obscura" [which is Latin for dark room] in his teachings.
These days, pinhole photographers from all over the world make photographs with their lensless cameras on the last Sunday in April and share them online at pinholeday.org. I'll be taking part in Worldwide Pinhole Photography Day this Sunday April 28, 2013. You can, too. I'll show you how to make two pinhole cameras: one with your interchangeable lens digital camera and another with a cookie tin.
Because pinholes are small, the exposure times are long, and since there's no viewfinder to see through, you never know what you're going to get. It's a great creative exercise in slowing down and embracing the unexpected. It's also wonderful to make images with a camera you made by hand.
Things you'll need
— A box you can make light-tight
— Matte black spray paint
— A soda can
— Shears to cut the can
— The smallest pin you can find
— Needle-nose pliers
— Black tape
— Emery cloth
— Some film
— A DSLR body [or 35mm camera]
— A body cap for the camera
— A sense of adventure
First, cut a small square out of your soda can. Then, using the pliers, take hold of your needle and push it into the aluminum. Don't push hard. It's better to use a small amount of pressure and a drilling motion. When the needle starts to go through, turn the metal over and do the same on the other side, making the hole just a bit bigger. When you have your pinhole, use the emery cloth to smooth over both sides. The goal is to make a very small, very round, very smooth hole.
James writes in his book that the Golden Rule of Pinhole Photography is, "fuzzy holes make fuzzy pictures."
Now, take your camera and spray the inside with black spray paint. This will cut down on light bouncing around on the inside during a long exposure. Cut or drill a hole at the end where you'll put your pinhole. Make it larger than your pinhole, but smaller than your piece of soda can. When the paint is dry, attach your pinhole using some black electrical or gaffers tape. Put a small length of tape over the pinhole itself. This is your shutter.
If you're using a DSLR or 35mm camera, drill a hole in a spare body cap and attach the pinhole aperture to the outside with the tape. Make sure to tape it down all the way around, so no light gets under the aluminum.
With the tape over your pinhole, take your box camera into a completely dark room with some film. Using a loop of black tape, stick some film to the opposite end of your camera from the pinhole and close the lid. Before you turn the lights on, tape the seams of the cover to make sure no light gets in.
The tricky part here is the film. If you have to cut up a piece of 120 or 35mm film, it'll make getting processed by a commercial lab impossible. You could use some 4×5-inch sheet film, but that's expensive and hard to come by these days. If you have a darkroom, like me, you'll be good to go.
It's easier if you're using a 35mm film camera or DSLR. The film advance mechanism will allow you to use the whole roll, one picture at a time. With a DSLR, you have as many pictures as your memory card will hold, but you won't get the satisfaction of making your camera with your own hands.
With your box camera loaded, head outside. Rest it on a stable surface, point it at something and take the tape off the pinhole, saying, "Aristotle" or "Mo Tzu" for effect. The exposure time will be by guess-timate only. Try ten seconds in the sunshine and put the tape back on. Unload your film in a dark room, store your film in something light-tight and try it again. Vary the exposure time. Revel in the unknown.
The procedure is the same with a 35mm camera. You can open the shutter using the manual controls, or you can set it on bulb and use the tape as a shutter. Do the same with DSLR and get instant gratification.
These are the very bare essentials. The web is full of resources and excellent examples of pinhole photography. Get your hands on a copy of James' book or the even more exhaustive "Pinhole Photography: Rediscovering a Historic Technique" by Eric Renner. But, most of all, have fun and make something with your hands that wasn't there before.


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Personalized Wedding Hangers
Welcome to the Wedding Hanger Shop!
Each of our personalized wedding hangers are handmade with love just for you! Custom bridal hangers are the best accessory for blushing brides on their big day. They add that little something extra to your gown and many brides say they "make their dress complete!"
These hangers with your name are also a must-have for taking the perfect wedding dress picture! They frame it and add that "something special" to the picture to create a memory guaranteed to last your whole life.
About Our Custom Bridal Hangers
Wedding photographers and brides both rave that our personalized wedding hangers are an excellent way to make your wedding gown truly outstanding. Imagine your beautiful wedding dress hanging from these. Your new last name will be proudly displayed. It's a great way to add that little something special to your wedding photos.
We offer fast shipping. Need your hanger this week? No problem. We cheerfully work with brides on all budgets and timelines to get you a good hanger.
With satisfied customers worldwide we stand by our products with a no questions asked, 100% satisfaction guarantee. You deserve to have the best bridal hangers for your gown on your special day.
All of the customized wedding hangers on our site are handcrafted with love and care and are shipped from either our Texas studio or one of our trusted partners outside of the US (see product details.) Each custom wedding hanger gets shipped securely and carefully wrapped. This makes sure your hanger gets to you safe and in time. We ship to most countries in the world including Canada, and have a rush fast shipping option also.
You can pick from multiple colors for the wire you want. You can also select the wood finish. Our cherry wood personalized wedding hanger is a best seller - but no matter what finish you choose (walnut, cherry, black, white, or maple) - they all turn out amazing. And if you will keep your old last name, we can make it just say the word bride instead.
Custom bridal hangers are also fantastic bridal shower gifts or engagement party presents. If you are a bridesmaid or looking for the best bridal shower gift we can help you out. The bride's hanger can be shipped direct to you or discreetly to her to keep the surprise intact. You can also select an attractive gift box option for your order.
Also, many brides and wedding parties get hangers for their bridesmaids, mother-of-the-bride, mother of the groom, and their maid of honor. Kid sized hangers are also available for young children who are acting as ring-bearers or flower girls. We offer attractive bulk discounts for large orders, so your whole bridal party is going to be taken care affordably.
And the groom can be included too! With our stylish black groom hangers his tux can be proudly displayed. This is a unique gift for the groom-to-be and you can bet he will love it.
So before you walk down the aisle and say "I Do," make sure to give your dress the special treatment it deserves too.
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What you'll see when you search on Google Books
Each book includes an 'About this book' page with basic bibliographic data like title, author, publication date, length and subject. For some books you may also see additional information like key terms and phrases, references to the book from scholarly publications or other books, chapter titles and a list of related books. For every book, you'll see links directing you to bookstores where you can buy the book and libraries where you can borrow it.
Full View
You can see books in Full View if the book is out of copyright, or if the publisher or author has asked to make the book fully viewable. The Full View allows you to view any page from the book, and if the book is in the public domain, you can download, save and print a PDF version to read at your own pace.
Limited Preview
If the publisher or author has given us permission, you can see a limited number of pages from the book as a preview.
Snippet View
The Snippet View, like a card catalog, shows information about the book plus a few snippets – a few sentences to display your search term in context.
No Preview Available
Like a card catalog, you're able to see basic information about the book.


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As the Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21, educating Canadians is important to everything we do. Our goal is to provide you with the services and information you need and to bring our history back to the people of Canada.
- French and English Tours and Workshops for Education Groups
- Resources and Information for Educators and Students
- Family Fun Days
- Multicultural Fairs
- Public Lectures
- ...and more!


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The blog carnival must be one of the blogosphere's finest innovations. Akin to an anthology but far more dynamic, a carnival harnesses the self-publishing, self-promoting spirit of blogging. And because the cost of entry is so low (free, actually,) magnificent new carnivals are popping up almost as quickly as new blogs. Not long after I started a carnival dedicated to the best of bird blogging, we spiraled our way down the food chain to get one devoted to bug blogging. Can an amoeba blogging carnival be far behind? Apparently not, as we enjoyed, for at least a little while, a Carnival of the Animalcules!
If you publish your own blog (and if not, don't you think it's time?) you should have no problem finding at least one carnival to contribute to on a regular basis. And once you've hung around the carny scene long enough, you'll probably want to host one of the rotating carnivals, those that move to different sites based on who is hosting, on your own site. Embrace that feeling and get involved! Many carnivals are compelling precisely because, every two weeks or so, someone comes along to present as new spin on the existing theme, to inject fresh energy and personality. If you you are thinking of hosting a carnival, here's some guidance from someone who's participated, hosted, and even founded a carnival and seen a lot of brilliant contributions to the form. My advice is tailored towards those preparing to host I and the Bird, but applicable to anyone ready to play ringmaster for a wandering carnival. Click through the links to see each of the steps below explained in detail in its own post. Follow each one to be the host with the most:
Step 1. PARTICIPATE
Before you host a carnival, you should be a contributor.
Step 2. RECRUIT
Encourage a wide array of contributors, including some new voices.
Step 3. ORGANIZE
Evaluate each submission for suitability. Always respond with a grateful yea or an explanatory nay.
Step 3a. HANDLE WITH CARE
Don't turn away submissions without good reason.
Step 3b. CLASSIFY
Determine whether a submission comes from an actual blog.
Step 4. HOUSECLEAN
Make sure your site is optimized for new visitors.
Step 5. PRESENT
Come up with an innovative theme or organizational scheme for your edition.
Step 6: PROMOTE
The purpose of a blog carnival is to focus lots of attention on one blog which then, acting as a multiplier, shares the traffic with all carnival participants.
Step 6a: THEY PROMOTE
Anyone who submits a post to a specific edition of a roaming carnival should help promote that edition.
Step 6b: YOU PROMOTE
Work your network to share the wealth.
Step 7: ENTERTAIN
Make sure your site is running smoothly when visitors arrive.
Step 8: WRAP UP
You can finally relax! Enjoy your expanded audience and touch base with the carnival owner to share your final observations.
Bookmarked. Thank you!
Great timing! (For me.) I'm hosting my first carnival, Festival of the Trees, in May, collecting submissions now. I know I'm already following all of the points, save one.
#4: What kind of "housecleaning" do you have in mind? Can you provide some specific examples of what you'd look for? With a focus on new – first-time – visitors, I'd look for basic usability, navigability, and so on. Is there something more intended here?
Thanx – Xris
Last year, I studied those posts very thoroughly before hosting the carnival. Your advice proved very helpful, Mike.
Thanks for posting 'em again.
Mike, it looks like your series is published just at the right time for me. As you already contributed to my freshly started Carnival of Colors, you definitely can see that there is a lot to improve for me. I'll try to do my best and keep it rolling.
Keep rolling your good work. Thanks a lot.
I was searching for "what is blog carnival?" and have arrived here from google top searches. So I must say thanks for sharing useful knowledge. Thanks!
great article post… thanks for the tips and idea share. i learn more from it..we will come back often..Thanks
fantastic job, i like it.
I think you have given me enough information to be brave and go for it, although it does seem like a bit of work.
Thanks for the detailed instructions.
It's surprising that blog carnivals are still going on. I remember they used to be huge back in the early days of blogging but seem to have petered out. I suspect that a lot of people where spamming links to the Carnivals and as such many of them just stopped. In addition it never seemed like the folks at BlogCarnival.com have done a whole lot keep their site current and running well, it really could use a make-over.
© 2013 10,000 Birds. All words, images, and opinions are the property of their respective authors unless stated otherwise.


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Hamilton's record season defines Reds
Cincinnati shortstop's speed sets new professional record
By Danny Wild / MLB.com | September 28, 2012 2:49 PM
By now, Reds fans know all about Billy Hamilton and his historic season. The question, though, is why the Reds opted to keep the stolen base king away from Cincinnati, at least in September.
And it's a valid question. Up until this season, the Hamilton skeptics knocked the shortstop's hitting and on-base percentage. But after batting .311 with a .410 OBP at two levels in 2012, Hamilton proved he is the real deal when it comes to a dream leadoff man. He could have been a useful bench piece on a Reds team that eventually blew a 2-0 lead to the Giants in the NL Division Series.
In terms of team success, the Reds' affiliates were a letdown. Only two of six clubs, Class A Advanced Bakersfield and Rookie-level Billings, finished with a record above .500 (Bakersfield lost to Modesto in five games in the Cal League semifinals). Triple-A Louisville went 51-93.
Of course, there is more to the Reds' system than Hamilton. Here's a look at some of the notable players at each position from this season:
Reds Organization All-Stars
Catcher -- Tucker Barnhart, Pensacola (41 games), Bakersfield (59 games): The switch-hitting backstop moved up two levels in 2012 and struggled at times, but the Reds are high on his defense -- he won a Gold Glove in 2011 with Class A Dayton but followed that up this season with a dozen errors. Still, he hit .278 at Bakersfield before grinding through the Double-A Southern League to finish the year. He's 21 and still learning to hit at the higher levels.
"I think he would have been better, but we had to send him to Double-A with the injuries we had there, but he would have been better if he stayed in the Cal League," said Chris Buckley, the Reds' Senior Director of Scouting. "He might not have been quite ready, but we see him as a solid prospect -- he's going to play in the big leagues, his defense alone will get him there."
Honorable mention: Dioner Navarro and Daniel Paula.
First base -- Donald Lutz, Pensacola (40 games), Bakersfield (63 game), AZL Reds (4 games): The 23-year-old Cal League All-Star led the Reds' system with 22 homers and ranked third with 71 RBIs while hitting .269. It was also his second straight year with at least 20 homers and 70 RBIs.
"Everybody talks about his age, but he was a soccer player in Germany for some time, so whatever it says on his birthday, take about three off that," said Buckley, stressing Lutz's development. "He's getting better and better. He's on the 40-man roster, so we'll get him going. He'll wind up in Louisville by the end of next year."
Honorable mention: Carlos Sanchez, Sean Buckley, Neftali Soto.
Second base -- Devin Lohman, Bakersfield (130 games): Lohman proved his versatility and power in 2012, ranking fourth in the Reds' system with 70 RBIs while also stealing 34 bases. And by versatile, we mean he split time at the middle-infield positions, playing 66 games at second and 61 at shortstop. Overall, he hit .257 with 127 hits in 130 games. He batted .329 against lefties, though, and ranked third in the system in steals.
Buckley said, at worst, Lohman could reach the Majors in a utility role.
"He had a good season, he's a solid player," Buckley said. "He can play short, second, third, can steal bases, he's got a little power. He also hit behind Billy Hamilton, and doing that, you get a lot of opportunities."
Shortstop -- Billy Hamilton, Pensacola (50 games), Bakersfield (82 games): He stole 155 bases. Enough said.
OK, clearly there is more to baseball's fastest man. Hamilton, who is now being converted to the outfield, was on a mission to prove his doubters wrong (he attempted to steal 192 times in 132 games) and ended up tormenting opponents with not only his speed but also his ability to reach base -- the switch-hitter had 159 hits and 86 walks in 132 games, including 38 extra-base hits. He's 22 and broke professional baseball's all-time record for stolen bases in a season while solidifying himself as the Reds' No. 1 prospect entering 2013. A move to the outfield also gives Didi Gregorious an easier path at short.
But why wasn't he on the Reds' roster heading into the postseason? Buckley said the Reds simply didn't want him sitting around on the bench or limited to pinch-running.
"That's really what figured into it," Buckley said. "He's not going to move [Zack] Cozart off short. He hadn't played center field yet. I'm sure he could have handled it, but he's just now going to play center field."
Hamilton's move to center, Buckley said, wasn't because the Reds didn't think he was a good enough infielder.
"There are a lot of reasons," Bill Bavasi, Cincinnati's vice president of scouting and development, told MLB.com. "We have Cozart. We have Didi. If you watch Hamilton's style of play, it's a pounding style of play. It would be an easier position for his body to take along with the base stealing."
As far as Hamilton's speed, Buckley believes the Mississippi native would be the fastest player in the Majors if he were promoted today.
"Oh yeah, he might be on the same level as Usain Bolt," said Buckley of Hamilton, who managed an inside-the-park home run this season in 13.8 seconds. "He's absolutely as fast as anyone is, if not faster, and the thing about Billy is his quickness."
Buckley said the Reds need a true leadoff hitter, and Hamilton is it.
"Our team doesn't have a leadoff hitter," Buckley said. "We tried Zack, we were 29th in baseball in production in the leadoff spot. Whatever position [Hamilton] plays, he's absolutely a leadoff hitter. ... Whenever he gets to Cincinnati, we're going to have a better offense than we have now."
Third base -- Travis Mattair, Bakersfield (126 games): A second-round pick by the Phillies in 2007, this summer proved to be a breakout season for the 6-foot-5 23-year-old. Mattair hit .274, led the Reds' system with 82 RBIs and ranked second with 19 home runs -- he hit more homers in 2012 than he did in his previous four seasons combined.
"We're feeling pretty good about him, he had a good season, he's a hard-working guy," Buckley said. "A very good athlete for a big guy. Hopefully he'll go to Double-A and do the same things. We're pretty good at that position."
Honorable mention: Seth Mejias-Brean.
Steve Selsky, Bakersfield (69 games), Dayton (59 games): Another Arizona product, Selsky hit over .300 for the second straight year, finishing at .317 with 18 homers, 74 RBIs and 18 steals at two levels. The right-handed California native ranked third in the Reds' system in homers and second in RBIs and batting average thanks to a boost from Cal League pitchers -- he hit 15 of his 18 homers in Bakersfield.
"He reminds me of Chris Heisey when he was coming through our system," Buckley said. "He wasn't the highest drafted guy in our system, but he was a very good hitter."
Theo Bowe, Bakersfield (96 games), Dayton (24 games): Would it be unfair to compare Bowe to Hamilton? The speedy outfielder had 70 stolen bases while hitting .310 in 120 games. He ranked fourth in the Minors in steals in 2012 after swiping just 20 a year ago, and he also improved his batting average, from .244 in 2011 to .314 during his stint at Bakersfield.
"Theo is one of those athletic high school kids, he was a football player, and I think playing the last two years with Billy Hamilton has helped him," said Buckley. "He needed to be a little more aggressive, and this year he played the first part in Bakersfield with Billy and started getting aggressive. He runs almost runs as fast as Billy but doesn't quite have the same tools."
Bryson Smith, Pensacola (50 games), Bakersfield (57 games): Smith, a 34th-rounder out of Florida last year, hit .310 with six homers, 69 RBIs, a dozen steals and 113 hits in 107 games while reaching Double-A. The righty hit .368 in his first season and ranked fifth in the Reds' system in RBIs and sixth in batting.
"He's a solid guy," Buckley said. "Our scouts did a good job, we have some smart hitters, and Bryson Smith is a guy who got to Double-A one year out of the Draft."
Honorable mention: Ryan LaMarre, Felix Perez, Denis Phipps.
DH/Utility: Jesse Winker, Billings (62 games): One of the Reds' first-round picks in 2012, Winker led the system with a .338 average while adding five homers, 35 RBIs and 77 hits in 62 games for Billings. He's ranked as the Reds' No. 14 prospect entering 2013.
"He was second in hitting in the league for a high school kid," Buckley said. "He's pretty impressive for a high school kid that's facing almost all college pitchers. Winker is one of our better prospects."
Right-handed starter -- Chad Rogers, Bakersfield (21 games), Pensacola (6 games): Rogers isn't one of the Reds' top 20 prospects, but it's hard to argue with his numbers. He moved up to Double-A and finished a combined 9-5 with a 2.90 ERA and 111 strikeouts in 143 innings at two levels. The righty ranked second in the Reds' system in both ERA and wins after a solid rookie campaign at Dayton in '11. His top competitor for this honor is probably Daniel Corcino, the Reds' No. 2 right-handed prospect, who went 8-8 with a 3.01 ERA and ranked third in ERA and second in wins.
"Our scouts did a good job on him," Buckley said of Rogers, who, as Buckley noted, missed time after getting bit by a shark while surfing. "He's a solid guy. He has good stuff, the Cal League's a tough place to pitch, so those numbers are legit."
Left-handed starter -- Tony Cingrani, Bakersfield (10 game), Pensacola (16 games), Cincinnati (3 games): Few pitchers dominated in 2012 like Cingrani, a 23-year-old out of Rice who went 10-4 with a 1.73 ERA and struck out 172 batters in 146 innings while moving up two levels. The Reds' top lefty prospect earned a late-season trip to Cincinnati and pitched in three games, and the Reds think he has a chance of making the team next Spring. A Cal League All-Star, Cingrani held batters to a .191 average. Even in the Majors, he struck out nine in five innings.
"Absolutely phenomenal, what he's done, he's surprised us all," Buckley said. "He was kind of an enigma in college baseball -- I think our guys saw him pitch well, and we were lucky we saw him pitch -- he was kind of starting to get it. He has a real good fastball and a lot of deception in his delivery. He's 90-95, very deceptive, a plus change-up. He was a college senior one year after the Draft and he's in the big leagues already."
Relief pitcher -- Carlos Contreras, Dayton (40 games), Bakersfield (9 games): The Dominican right-hander led the Reds' system with 20 saves and had stellar numbers as a workhorse for the Dragons. The 21-year-old held batters to a .170 average and finished a combined 1-1 with a 3.12 ERA and 63 strikeouts in 60 2/3 innings at two levels.
"He's 94-98 with a plus changeup, that's a good one," said Buckley, who also believes Contreras will start at Pensacola next season and see time as a set-up man. "He might be able to do that if his breaking ball gets a little better."
Danny Wild is an editor for MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues or its clubs.View More


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Court Tells Mall That It Cannot Ban Customers From Talking To Strangers
from the chat-away deptApparently, a mall in California tried to put in place rules that barred people in the mall from approaching those they did not know and talking to them about anything other than shopping in the mall. It specifically disallowed:
"approaching patrons with whom he or she was not previously acquainted for the purpose of communicating with them on a topic unrelated to the business interests."The goal was to prevent pitches and sermons and such -- and it was even used to make a "citizen's arrest" of a minister who was preaching at the mall. However, a court has rejected this rule, as a violation of free speech rights. Now, my first reaction to this was to wonder why a private corporation could be found violating free speech rights -- as the US Constitution only says that the government may not limit free speech -- private corporations can, indeed, limit speech. However, this was an issue having to do with California law, where the state constitution is a bit broader:
Every person may freely speak, write and publish his or her sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of this right.It may seem ridiculous to try to limit speech within a mall, as noted by the following exchange during a deposition in the case:
"If you're going to talk about any other subject (other than the mall) ... then you're prohibited from going up to strangers and speaking to them, is that correct?" he was asked by a Snatchko attorney.As the Sacramento Bee noted in discussing this case:
"That's not correct," Farnam testified. "It doesn't prohibit you. It just means you have to come in and fill out the application for third-party access for noncommercial" speech.
What if, the attorney postulated, he is excited about the Super Bowl and says to a stranger, "Hey, hope you're supporting the Patriots," or "Hope you're supporting the Giants this week." Would that violate the rules? he asked.
"You can go in and again fill out a third-party access, if that's what a person chooses to do," said Farnam
Weather is a no-no, unless one is intuitive enough to observe how it may be affecting the size of the crowd at the mall. Teenagers who use the common areas for social gatherings, not necessarily limited to contemporaries they already know, are out of luck. Should someone stop you and ask directions to Sutter-Roseville Medical Center, you would be well advised to blow them off, lest your humanitarian instincts lead you astray.However, in the end, I still find this troubling. If the mall wants to have such a ridiculous policy, with such ridiculous results, why should the government stop them from doing so? I would imagine the mall has other rules for determining who is and who is not allowed to patronize the mall. What's wrong with letting the mall create such a silly policy?
Filed Under: california, free speech, malls


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Sweco head office
Flowing light frames the entrance
Energy efficient LED solutions enable new and exciting shapes. One example is the luminaire Freedom, seen here in flowing light lines in the large entrance hall of Sweco's head office in Stockholm.
Sweco is an international technical consultant company. Their engineers, architects and environmental experts work together to contribute to a sustainable society.
To meet their customers in a more open and technical modern environment, Sweco rebuilt their head office in Stockholm and reopened it in 2013. Fagerhult was given the opportunity to deliver flexible lighting systems.
Sweco wanted an even and glare free lighting for their refurbished premises. The big open and bright entrance hall became an excellent area to sketch light lines of the LED-luminaire Freedom.
Follows the shape of the room
With the help of two modules, one straight and one curved, the luminaire Freedom can be built to follow the shape of a room or a creative concept. Here it was constructed and designed according to the lighting designer's request and the pendant version nicely flows in the architecture, framing the location.
Creating comfortable LED-light
Freedom is not only decorative, it provides a full general lighting solution. LED is the key to the design, but a great emphasis has also been placed on the lighting technology. Through the combination of an innovative internal reflector and an opal diffuser, an even output can be achieved without glare or blinding light.
Dimming and flexible track system
The customer needed a flexible lighting system and Fagerhult provided fittings with DALI which is a standardised digital protocol for dimming.
LED-luminaires were installed in a black version of Fagerhult's iTrack system. iTrack is a highly flexible and energy efficient track system. It combines controls, luminaires and emergency lighting in one slim aluminium profile.
Efficient general lighting
In the open plan office 1500 modified versions of the recessed MultiFive G2 Delta* were used in the ceilings.
The pendant Avion gave an elegant flow of light in the colourful conference rooms. The meeting areas are also illuminated with 1100 flexible Easy LED downlights.
*MultiFive G2 has been replaced with Multilume.
Anders Damberg
Regionschef StockholmFagerhult
- +46 8 5223 5969
- +46 706 420 442


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Nearly Half of All U.S. Homes Are Purchased in Cash
All-cash purchases accounted for 40% of all sales of residential property in July 2013, according to a new study. But experts caution that this increase may not be a good sign for the health of the housing market. MarketWatch's Jim Jelter reports (Photo: Getty Images)
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
I ... the ... are struggling to St ... when you break it down payment on all ... there's a shocking piece of information ... forty percent of homes sold in July ... were cash deals ... all that ... by Amgen Jelter MarketWatch ... and our colleague court patrols put together what many of those ... are some amazing stats on the flood of foreign currency pouring into the residential housing market ... according to the real estate firm RealtyTrac ... July was the second highest month ... for cash deals ... since they started keeping track in two thousand eleven ... the only time it was higher was in March two thousand twelve ... when it hit a staggering fifty three percent ... a separate study by Goldman Sachs puts the number even higher ... Coleman claims fifty seven percent of home sales in July were all cash deals ... that compares with only nineteen percent in two thousand five ... back from the housing market was still building up to what three years later ... became a full blow mortgage crisis ... so where is Cash Kane ... RealtyTrac's is Dallas' top the ones ... with cash sales up eighty two percent from June to July ... insane lowest ... fare sales jumped sixty six bps ... all this cash of course is driving up home sales nationwide ... which looks good on paper ... but economists also see a downside to ... first of all they warn that this is not a sustainable trend ... nor is it good for the overall health of the housing market ... so much cash washing around in the marketplace is bound to skew prices to the upside ... it's also a sign for the rest of this the financing is costly and still large debt ... and that means the pool of potential buyers as being limited by a combination of tight lending standards ... and rising interest rates ... rates on thirty year mortgage at four point five eight percent last week ... their highest level in two years ... Sonora dividers ... who just walks into a really office employees down hard currency for all ... well obviously ... rich people ... were snapping up properties of a relative bargain in reading about ... investors try to make a quick buck by flipping properties ... are also in it's ... as well as well heeled retirees ... in the process of downsize ... according to a spokesman for the National Association of Realtors ... investors accounted for about thirty five percent of all cash deals ... well retirees' accounted for about twelve percent ... the rest include a mix of additional martyrs ... and for an hour ...


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A married couple go to a restaurant. A blonde waitress takes their order and returns several minutes later, carrying a plate with only a plain hamburger bun on it.
The man asks, "Where's the burger?"
The waitress lifts her arm and pulls out a burger from her armpit. "I was keeping it warm," she replies.
The wife says, "Please cancel my hot dog order."


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Email has been sent to you , please check your spam/junk emails if you are unable to find the email.
Due to some internal error, the mail has not been sent.
37-185 kW (MT),
3-100 kW (LT)
The Carrier MiniCO₂OL® range of refrigeration racks utilize natural refrigerant carbon dioxide (CO₂) to provide sustainable, energy-efficient refrigeration solutions across a wide range of cooling capacities.
MiniCO₂OL racks form part of the Carrier CO₂OLtec® range of the CO₂ refrigeration plant. CO₂OLtec systems demonstrate average energy savings of approximately 10 percent compared with traditional HFC refrigeration systems in mild to cold climates, resulting in attractive life-cycle costs and low return on investment periods.
CO₂ is a climate neutral refrigerant; it has a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of just one and an Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) of zero and is not subject to the EU F-Gas Regulation.
Evaporating temperature at rack = -8°C for MT; -35°C for LT; Ambient temperature = +32°C)
CO2OLtec is an innovative CO2 transcritical refrigeration system based on unique energy efficiency, reliability and sustainability.


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House of McCarthy
He hangs out with billionaire Elon Musk, rides bikes with actor Kevin Spacey and counts Arnold Schwarzenegger and Condoleezza Rice as buddies.
He visits Silicon Valley almost every month, and flies from Washington to his district in Bakersfield, Calif., virtually every weekend to see his family, even if he stays for just 12 hours. When schmoozing with celebrities, the onetime deli owner often snaps a selfie on his iPhone — he'll show his collection to anyone who wants to see it. He gushes about the painting of President Abraham Lincoln in his office or the modernized version of "Washington Crossing the Delaware" displayed in his conference room.
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But don't let the affability and toothy smile fool you. Kevin Owen McCarthy lives and breathes the House of Representatives. He even sleeps in his office.
( WATCH: Kevin McCarthy as House whip)
In roughly 48 hours, McCarthy of California put a stranglehold on the race to replace Eric Cantor as majority leader with a swift, efficient and aggressive whip operation — demonstrating an impressive display of insider muscle. By late Thursday, Texas Rep. Pete Sessions — McCarthy's main rival for majority leader — dropped out of the race.
In a Capitol filled with jealousy, envy and an endless supply of backbiting, McCarthy has a huge base of members willing to go to bat for him — and put him in the majority leader's suite after just seven years in Congress.
"Committed, hard-working, tenacious," said Rep. Lynn Westmoreland (R-Ga.), when describing McCarthy's leadership style. "I think Kevin is going to do a great job as the leader. He's battle-tested from the whip's position, and that is what it's going to take to kind of get us through. He's a good guy, he's been a good friend of mine. We did 'Young Guns' together, we worked real hard. I know his work ethic."
( Also on POLITICO: Eric Cantor's legacy)
McCarthy's strong personal relationships were on display as he ramped up his whip team for the majority leader race. On Wednesday, a slew of McCarthy allies, including powerful chairmen — like Dave Camp and Fred Upton of Michigan — filed into his office to discuss the contest and get their whip assignments. His standing with the right is strong enough that most conservatives were unwilling to challenge him.
McCarthy, 49, knows his Golden State prospects are limited, and he sees the rough-and-tumble House chamber as his long-term political home. He is a veritable almanac of American politics and can run through congressional districts as if he's reading from cue cards. McCarthy knows the personal details of all of his colleagues' lives — their spouse's names and where they met, their number of children and where they went to college. He loves one-on-one sessions with lawmakers to build a personal bond. When he makes the two-hour drive from Los Angeles International Airport to Bakersfield, McCarthy is frequently on the phone for the entire ride with donors, members or friends.
Whenever Congress recesses, if he isn't barreling home, McCarthy is on a plane to visit some lawmaker's district — sometimes fishing in the Gulf of Mexico, doing lunch in North Carolina or rubbing elbows with donors in New York or Chicago.
( Also on POLITICO: Pete Sessions exits leadership race)
As McCarthy rises in leadership, his small network of former aides and K Street confidants does as well. Former senior aides downtown include Uber's Brian Worth, who served as his coalitions director; former policy director and general counsel Stephen Pinkos, now at American Continental Group; and former communications director Erica Elliott, now at Crowell & Moring.
Over the past seven years, McCarthy has amassed a small "kitchen cabinet" of lobbyists whom he works closely with, including Greg Maurer of Facebook; Kirsten Chadwick of Fierce, Isakowitz & Blalock; Dan Meyer of the Duberstein Group and Brian Conklin of USAA. Joe Wall of Goldman Sachs, Amy Best of American Express, Kyle Nevins of Capitol Counsel and Ryan Triplette of Franklin Square Group are also in McCarthy's circle.
While McCarthy is hardly a policy wonk, at least two industries — tech and energy — are considered big winners if he becomes majority leader.
( Also on POLITICO: GOP whip seat up for grabs)
Tech in particular is expected to get a boost from McCarthy. Over the years, he has appointed himself an unofficial ambassador to Silicon Valley for House Republicans, trying to woo the industry. Last year, he took six members on a trip to visit companies like Google and Facebook and has plans to do another one this year.
McCarthy definitely has his detractors. There are those who privately question his policy chops and intellectual abilities. McCarthy's whip operation has faced heavy criticism at times, although a lot of that rancor could be just as easily directed at Cantor or Speaker John Boehner (R-Ohio). And he hasn't enjoyed the political levers to move members that previous whips had at their disposal, such as earmarks.


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In our previous installment of "Fun With Proselytizers," I promised to tell you a story involving an arrest. I shan't keep you waiting:
Our neighborhood in Page had a rather strict "No Soliciters" law, which always amused me to no end, considering that if we were going by British definitions, that would mean a whole subset of lawyers wouldn't be able to set foot in the place. My dad took the definition even beyond that.
One day, he was summoned to the door by two Mormon missionaries, who always come in pairs and never seem to give up. My dad was in one of his Moods. "You know we have a law against solicitation," he informed them.
"We're not solicitors," the missionaries said, displaying the sin of Pride. They proceeded to lecture my father on their rights.
When Dad's in a Mood, you don't push the issue. He went to the phone, called the police, and said, "I have a couple of solicitors here who won't leave, and I want them arrested."
Sergeant R. promptly showed up and bunged the severely surprised missionaries into the back of his patrol car. He then asked my dad if he'd like to press charges. Dad would. Sergeant R went back to his car for the proper paperwork, and in the course of digging that out and informing the poor young men that they faced charges, discovered what exactly it was he had in the car.
He came back to the door sheet white and shaking. "Brent, I can't arrest them! They're missionaries."
My dad replied with perfect, unruffled calm, "Yep. And they were selling religion. I want them arrested."
Sergeant R spent a frantic half-hour on the phone with his superiors, looking for a loophole, visions of impending annihilation from the very powerful Mormon church dancing in his head, while the missionaries got a rest in the back of the patrol car. No loopholes were found. The situation would have been very black indeed if Dad hadn't relented after he figured the lesson had sunk in.
His house, strangely enough, was never visited again. He became something of a neighborhood celebrity, though. Even our devout Mormon neighbors thought it was funny, if scandulous.
I don't think they were quite as offended as Christchurch George was the day he met Jesus.
The story comes to me by way of my friend John from New Zealand. John used to live in Christchurch, Australia, with an interesting bloke named Toby. Every Sunday morning, regular as clockwork, George would come over after church in the valliant but vain attempt to convert these two heathen college students to the Lord. They'd always invite him in for coffee and have a spirited discussion about the salvation of souls, but George always left disappointed.
One day, after a hard Saturday night, John was lying abed when he heard the bell go. It's only George, he thought, and rolled over to go back to sleep, in too delicate a state for God talk. He'd let Toby entertain alone today.
Until he heard Toby's hearty voice announce, "George, I have great news for ya! Jesus is in our home!"
"Halleluja!" George shouted.
What the fuck? John thought. Memories of the night before weren't so fuzzy that he would've forgotten something like converting to Christianity. And yet here was Toby, proclaiming Jesus was in their home, and George beside himself with glee. John decided further investigation was warranted, and scrambled for a pair of pants.
He reached the living room just as Toby was saying, "Yeah, he's in the kitchen. I'll go get him."
George registered confusion, but he was too happy to question that odd statement. Toby vanished. George pressed John for more details. "I don't have any idea," John said, mystified.
Toby emerged from the kitchen carrying a kitten they'd acquired the night before and hadn't yet named. "George," he said proudly, "meet Jesus."
George glared at the kitten, glared at Toby, and glared at John, who was falling down the wall laughing. "Blasphemers!" he spat, and huffed out, never to return.
Enough to bring tears to your eyes, isn't it? I'll never be able to top it. Although it is fun to whip out an argument no Christian has ever been able to refute: God told me to become an atheist.
A while back, when I was living in Flagstaff, a Jehovah's Witness came to the door. I usually give them pretty short shrift – I figure neither of us needs to waste our time – but this was an Asian gentleman, and I have to admit I was fascinated. I'd never met an Asian Jehovah's Witness before. I advised up front in kindly terms that I'm an atheist.
"I can understand that," he said. "I'm a physicist."
What the fuck is a physicist doing doorknocking for the Witnesses? I wondered, but immediately on the heels of this was the thought: Dana, this is an opportunity. So I invited him in. Look – the bugger showed up at my house wanting to convert, the least he could do was answer some tough physics questions I had for my worldbuilding.
Alas, either I wasn't able to explain what I needed, or he was a piss-poor physicist. In light of the evidence, I plump for the latter: he was useless, and of course had an annoying way of turning every bit of physics conversation back to God, which drove me nuts. I decided to bludgeon him with Zen Master Seung Sahn's cup-and-rainbow argument, but that only works for Zen Masters faced with Christian missionaries – the only answer I could get to "who made the cup? Who made the rainbow?" was "God." That was his stock answer for everything, and as for philosophical judo, it was like trying to wrestle a limbless man.
After a couple of visits, I finally decided we were done. He brought up the need for me to turn to God once again, and I said, "Why would I do that when it was God who wanted me to become an atheist?"
I always get spectacular results with that one. He got the hit-by-a-hockey-puck look. His mouth opened. It closed. He finally said, "What do you mean?"
"When I made the decision to walk away from religion, I prayed about it," I told him. "I told God that I felt He was nudging me to do this, and that I was going to do it, but if it was the wrong thing to do, all I needed was a sign from Him letting me know. Since that day, my life has done nothing but improve. If God exists, it seems I'm doing what He wanted me to do, so how can I defy Him? If He doesn't exist, why would I come back to a religion that made me miserable?"
The poor JW couldn't think of a single thing to say. He made a brief, lame and quickly aborted attempt to come back with the "could it be Satan?" counter-argument, but he'd lost, and he knew it. He left me to my happy godlessness.
Those are just some of my many stories about encounters with evangelists. I hope they've kept you entertained. I'm sure you've got plenty more. Please do feel free to share them!


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One of Poland's most recognised illustrators, Pawel Jonca has a slew of awards to his name and has worked for some of the most respected publications and agencies in his own country and around the world. There is a charming minimalism to his work, yet it's filled with subtle texture, big graphical gestures and a surprising amount of emotion too.
Pawel's father was an architect so he grew up surrounded by drawing materials, and he followed in his father's footsteps to train in that profession. But after graduating, the artist in Pawel broke through and began to shine. At a chance meeting in a creative agency one day, he put himself forward as an illustrator and has never looked back. Today he designs graphics, illustrates and is an expert storyboard artist.
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Andrea Berloff
Alex Smith
Lead Instructor
Colleen Werthmann
Create a scene in which two people from different backgrounds must negotiate a misunderstanding.
"Treasure Road" is based on the true story of one of the first times the US used violence to promote its economic interests abroad.
Logline: In Panama, a former Texas Ranger recruits a mercenary army to protect travelers to the California gold fields – and help build the first transcontinental railroad.
I'm an award-winning screenwriter who has worked with Amazon Studios and producers and directors on five continents. My resume, loglines, and samples are on my website at www.lauridonahue.com.
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Our Sundance Co//ab Advisor is here to give you feedback on your work in progress in Share Your Work and answer your questions in Advisor Q&A. Check out the artist's full biography and recommended resources.
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Maria Elvira Escallón
(England, Colombia 1954 – )
From the inside #6, from the series From the inside
- Other titles:
- From within
- Location
- Not on display
- Further information
"[For] two and a half years I was associated with the El Nogal Club, as Cultural Director. A few days after the [terrorist] attempt of 7 February 2003, as I was in charge of the artistic patrimony of the institution, I had to go into the premises to verify the state of the patrimony. What I saw and felt as I walked by will forever remain in my memory. As I carried out the task, I knew that I had to record and keep a memory of what I kept seeing around me.
Up to that moment the building had been isolated by the authorities. Everything was as had been left after the impact, as if time had stopped. There was total darkness - because of the collapse of electricity - and a veil of soot - caused by the fire - covered the walls and objects.
This work, 'From the inside', is born from that experience. It intends to in a different way approach what happened. Using a record of prints found on the surfaces and daily objects - doors, walls, the stairs - it intends to capture the atmosphere of what was lived there during those hours.
Most of the photographs were taken a few days after 7 February 2003. Others were taken later when the rubble was being removed. The video was also made at that moment." Maria Elvira Escallón, http://mariaelviraescallon.org/
- Year
- 2003
printed 2008
- Media
- Photograph
- Medium
- type C photograph
- Dimensions
- 89.0 x 123.0 cm frame
- Signature & date
Signed l.r. certificate of authenticity, black ink "MEEscallón". Not dated.
- Credit
- Mervyn Horton Bequest Fund 2008
- Accession number
- 44.2008.4
- Copyright
- © Maria Elvira Escallón