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Nissan Versa New Owners Report
mperedithe Posts: 1Hello everyone,
I'm not a mechanic so please bear with me. I'm also very upset so please excuse me if it starts to show.
Couple of months ago I bought a 2007 Nissan Versa Hatchback. I fell in love with the car immediately. My wife and I also purchased the extended warranty or service agreement (can't remember which). After about a month I began noticing that the car would act funny when accelerating from a stop. Basically the car feels like it is not getting gas and then all of sudden BAM, the altimeter needle skyrockets and the engine whines like I'm in a race. Please note that the car doesn't seem to have much power so it isn't pushing me back in my seat when this happens it just makes a loud embarrassing racket like I'm trying to squeal the tires or something. The symptoms are worse when the over-drive function is on (which I'm understanding is the default setting). Then there are times when I get the opposite reaction, either from a stop or when trying to speed up. One time at the McDonalds drive through I had just placed my order and took my foot off the brakes and onto gas. The tires actually squealed even though I hadn't depressed the gas pedal at all--I let the car kinda coast up to the window.
These symptoms are awful and embarrassing as I attract the wrong kind of attention. I took the vehicle in to the dealership from where I purchased it and they found nothing wrong. What they told me was that they drove it around all day but couldn't get the car to reproduce the symptoms I was describing! There was nothing they could do. They did find that the car needed a new bearing for the front passenger side wheel and that required taking the car back to them twice more (the first time they couldn't install the bearing because the one they received was defective or something). Each time they would tell me that they once again drove the car around but still could not reproduce the symptoms.
I got into with the one rep. telling him he needed to have the mechanics research possible causes for the symptoms that I'm having but he said it doesn't work like that. He said that they need to reproduce them before they'll know what to do. I told him that was bullsh*t because if they could reproduce the symptoms all they're gonna do is go back and research what might cause those symptoms. I mean, its not like the cars gonna come alive and tell them whats wrong they'll still need to diagnose the problem--right?
I'm at a point where I'm ready to talk to a mechanic and maybe an attorney, this is ridiculous. Anyone who might know of anything that I might be able to do to get satisfaction would be of a great help to me. I just want the problem fixed and I know there is one. It's not in my head.
Thanks for listening to my ramble, I appreciate all your help.
kiawah Posts: 3,666Did you buy the 4 speed automatic, or the CVT ? I'm betting the CVT and you have a transmission problem.
I bought the cheaper 4 speed, to stay away from the CVT belt drive technology. As an engineer, that CVT just doesn't seem like something that is going to last very long.....compared to a regular tried and true transmission that typically gets 100K+ miles.0
Just about 39,000 on my 2007 and all is well. I'd love to have regular gas back with NO ethanol, but that's not the fault of the car.
Any other high mileage Versa owners ready to sing the praises of their ride?
Edmunds Moderator
Silver 2012 Nissan Versa Hatchback & White 2019 Nissan Rogue S
Need some roadside assistance? [email protected] - or send a private message by clicking on my name.
Just purchased or leased a vehicle? Write your own vehicle review0
zoomingseattle Posts: 5Just wanted to say how awesome my 09 Versa SL was in the deep snow we had in Puget Sound area. It never skidded and felt very surefooted in turns. Those tiny wheels dig deep into the snow! I don't even think I need winter tires.
My Mazda6 S is definitelly not as good for winter.0
sarah70007 Posts: 1I am having the same problem as many others with the dead battery. If I have not used the car in 3 or more days, the battery is dead. The longer not in use, the more dead it is (Intelli-key wont work at all). This will be my third battery........such a waste since I can NEVER rely on this car to take me to the airport or sit for a few days without working. Its sad since I bought it in October 2008. I thought Nissans were reliable, and now I am finding out they are not. :mad:0
I bought my 09 in Aug, 09. MPG is 32 with 75% hiway, not babying it. Babying it ( 60 mph or less) gives me 35 mpg (twice). Using non-ethanol gas. Lucky to have it available. Shell. I have some surface rust on the exhaust already. Will show it to dealer. I need a pillow behind my back for lumbar support. Radio has NO SCAN feature. Big negative. Have to keep pressing the button to get new station. Safety hazard, like texting.
Overall, am happy with car. Looks good. Good mpg. Smooth ride. I have 4,000 miles already, in just 2 months.0
is your Nissan Versa outfitted with a manual tranny or an automatic tranny?
2011 Kia Soul Sport 5-speed0
I have the auto trans. And it's the regular 4 speed auto, not the newfangled CVT autotrans.
helps me frame my thoughts properly when you post from now on. :blush:
2011 Kia Soul Sport 5-speed0
colloquor Posts: 482Has then been a owner comparison of MPG based on the 6-speed manual, 4-speed automatic, and CVT? I would be sincerely interested in seeing the average city/highway fuel mileage comparisons for each the three transmission types.0
mimi16 Posts: 1At 15,600 miles a knocking noise began under my hood. Just had the oil changed recently. The dealer says it's normal for this car and had me listen to a previously owned vehicle with 27,000 miles on it. It had the same noise, but maybe that's why it's previously owned?? Please reply if you've had this problem. I don't think a car that's not even 1 yr. old should be making this kind of noise. Thanks!0
maris3 Posts: 2OK so I had a 2007 Versa and after having those horrible transmission problems and being laughed at when I said that it was the transmission ( I was told "CTV transmissions are the best and NEVER have ANY issues), ten trips to the dealership later and after having it totally die, go into limp mode 3 times and almost being hit turning left when in limp mode I took the car back. The dealership then moved me into a 2008 taking some of the costs but I still had A LOT rolled into the new lease. NOW the 08 with only 40K on it and having it for not even a year and a half is having issues. The ABS light goes on, then the hatch starts to make a sound like it is unlocking and locking itself even though NO buttons are being pushed. It even makes these noises when the car is turned off, and when its been locked and :sick: you are standing away from it. When it does this it also either seals shut or won't close and then the alam goes off. The dealership said it was a latch missalignment and said they fixed it, I didn't beleive them and the next day the same problem was happening again. This lasted for 2 months but has recently seemed to go away on its own for now, BUT then just in the past week, the first night that was -12 the car refused to start the next morning. Again took it in and they said they could find nothing wrong with it. THESE CARS ARE BAD!!!!! When I called Nissan I had NO help their customer service was horrible and my only option is to go to arbitration! Anyone else have this Nissan Nightmare????0
iwantpaul Posts: 1Bought 2009 Versa. Loved it until about 2 weeks ago when the battery suddenly died. It wouldn't hold a charge. They towed it into the dealership, they said there was some kind of connection part that they replaced, but that the battery was good so they didn't put a new one in. Worked fine for a week, then wouldn't start up one day. Towed it in again, we made them replace the battery, they said it was a bad battery. They said that in that year, the batteries were made before the cars and they sat for a long time, which is why there are so many complaints. Hopefully it's all good now.0
versabad Posts: 1I know it's been a while since you wrote this. Mine started 600 miles earlier than yours. The Dealer says they all do that and Nissan has backed them up. Both my service writer and Service manager will not contact me. Never have I been so disappointed in a vehicle, or ever felt so shamed having to drive it. I think Nissan knows they have done a bad thing. I am spreading the word!!0
judithabrowne Posts: 3Have you had problems with your hubcaps falling off?0
I have a new 2009 Versa, Manual shift, 1.6 sedan. Has anyone any experience towing one of these cars behind an RV? What type of hitch is installed on your Versa and can you advise a rough cost plus installation?
I have sent a similar message to Curt manufacturing and when I receive a response I'll post it here for others.
The owners manual states the car can be towed but should be started and run for two minutes after a 500 mile tow.
Thanks to all.0
Hi everyone! I bought my 2010 Versa HB 1.8S last night and as I drove off the dealership's lot and turned left (from the lot), a weird "knocking" noise came from right side under the hood. It sounded like a "popopopop" sound for like 2 seconds when I hit the gas to go straight. I thought it wasn't a big deal because I drove it off the lot with ONLY 25 MILES on it so maybe it needs to be driven more. But then...it happened again this morning right after I backed out from my driveway, turned the steering wheel to go straight and hit the gas- that's when it happened. Has anyone had this problem?? I'm SO concerned because it's a brand new car and i'm already gonna have to visit their service department to get it checked out this is absurd!!!
Also, the steering wheel....it makes a squeaky sound when I'm turning it all the way when backing up into a parking spot. It almost feels as if it's too tight that it causes it to squeak. Please help me, maybe someone can tell me what this is all about and maybe it's not serious and will go away as I drive it more!!! I've only had this car for LESS than 24 HOURS and it's already making me go into the service dept and start worrying about the car. Besides, I even think that I didn't get the best deal on it but that's another topic. Thank you so in advance, and please let me know if you have an idea of what it could be.0
riddelrl Posts: 1Hi carmenghe!
I am very curious on how everything has been going on with your Versa. Did you take it back to the service department? I ask, because I too, am having the same problems. Only thing is, I have had these problems since November when I bought my car. Bad news is, these problems don't get better if you drive the car for a longer period of time, they only get worse :lemon: . My car has already been in the shop 5 times. I have wrote so many letters, called so many people, and my only other option is to seek outside sources. I just feel like no one is helping me with my issues. I guess I should have bought that Mazda lol. I hope things have been better with your Versa, I wish you luck!0
Sold my 2007 to my daughter and picked up a 2010 6-speed on Friday. Put about 700 miles on it over the three-day weekend and got just under 36 MPG on the trip with 4 adults in the car. Differences from the 2007 6-speed: ABS, stability control, cruise, and an ipod jack. They've also made the cargo cover an option/accessory, which makes sense since we've had the one for the 2007 in the closet since around October.
Inside the glove compartment seems larger, and the door of the glove box seems a bit flatter giving even more leg room for the front passenger.
Thanks to my dealer, who we've been buying from since 1979, our out-the-door price was under $15K.
We be happy!
Edmunds Moderator
Silver 2012 Nissan Versa Hatchback & White 2019 Nissan Rogue S
Need some roadside assistance? [email protected] - or send a private message by clicking on my name.
Just purchased or leased a vehicle? Write your own vehicle review0
managednews Posts: 2Reported same knocking + vibration when stopped at a light @32K miles. Dealer could not replicate problem or diagnose. Now @ 50K miles (all highway driving) just learned that my engine is fried. Waiting right now to see what Nissan will do for me. Used full synthetic oil but changed @10K intervals because the oil looked good and I was driving highway 110 miles per day for work. Seemed OK. FYI, Nissan says 7,500 mile oil change interval on standard oil OK.
Lesson: Keep your records of oil changes, repairs, etc. You will probably need them to defend your warranty claims.
I bought this car because I needed reliable durable economy. That's the Nissan brand image. Let's see how they do for me the customer. Will report later.0
rebel71 Posts: 87I'm looking to purchase a hatchback within a few months and have looked at many different models such as: Subaru Impreza, Yaris, Honda Fit, Mazda3, Versa, Golf and waiting for the Ford Fiesta. Narrowed it down to the Impreza and Versa. I've read most all the Edmunds posts and NHTSA about the Versa starting with the first model year. I'm disappointed that the quality doesn't seem to exist for this vehicle, too many issues. On paper the Versa is a nice little car, it seems that Nissan has not fixed any of the issues that have been plagued this vehicle since day one. I really like a lot of things about it but on my test drive I noticed the pop/clunk sound that many have reported. I hope there are people out there who have had a positive experience with theirs. I guess I'll keep looking, sigh....0
cocolocomary Posts: 1Did you ever get this resolved? My boyfriend told me I needed to break the Versa in..........well it has been back to the dealers, they replaced a strut. I left with it still making the noise and 2 dings on my front hood. I have the car there today and they are keeping it until they resolve the ping/pingss..........I am entirely disappointed. I had a civic for 11 years and not one problem!!!!!!!!! I am sorry I bought the versa, had I known of this forum before I bought the car , I would not have bought it. Now I need body work done? I have had the car 4 months and have been back to dealers 4 times, not even for an oil change...........I fear my problems are just starting.0
Hi everyone! UPDATE: I took my Versa to the dealership only one day after I purchased it (I posted that here) and luckily they were able to "replicate" that knocking noise coming from my right front tire or under the hood. Their diagnostic: the ABS sensor triggers at 20 mph after starting the car, this makes a "knocking" sound which basically tells you that the ABS Breaking System is working properly. The car makes this sound every time after starting the car, just a second after the doors auto-lock at 20mph. Basically, if you turn off the ignition three times a day and start the car three times, the ABS triggers every time as soon as the car accelerates to 20mph. According to the dealership, this is perfectly normal and I also found it on the Owner's Manual As for the vibration when the car is idle at a light, or going at 5-10mph...it is also the ABS breaking system doing it's job. These breaks are very sensitive but awesome! Also, the squeaking steering wheel: well, the car was brand new...that noise is gone as I've put 2,200K miles in three months and the car is broken in. Oh! and it literally got broken into only six weeks after I purchased it. so sad! Other than that, I love my Versa..it rides smoothly and it's giving me good MPG (32 highway). I've also gotten used to the noise which could sound as if a strut is loose or something like that, but it's perfectly normal (so they say). I hope this info helps. Take care.0
it's 'braking'...not 'breaking'. oops.0
Hello. I purchased a 2009 Versa in Feb.2010. I now have 8,000miles on it and only one complaint which was fixed under warranty. A filter in the exhaust system was bad. It took hours to diagnose and several visits to dealer to have replaced. The problem didn't show up on a diagnostic and was only found with assistance from their mechanics help center. The car gives very good mileage; 36 highway. It has the most comfortable seats of all small cars and I recently drove it 21 hours straight with no problems. I bought it because of the seats and because it can be towed behind a motor home. So far, it's been a very good car for me. I would look at Honda and Toyota but I wouldn't go anywhere near a VW. I sold a Passat several months and it was the worst car I have ever owned, the most unreliable and most expensive to keep repaired. I have been driving almost 50 years and the older VW's were good. Last 10 years are plagued with costly problems. See VW posts.0
jolyrojr Posts: 1I just way overpaid for a 2008 Versa SL. We were trying for months to find a good deal to get out of a lemon malibu that was falling apart after 70k miles. We were way upside down, and trading itis was a not going well.
I love this damn car though. I paid $17.9 after the upside down trade in, but my monthly payments only went up by 6 bucks. Its red, has the wing, front, back, and side lip kits, aftermarket H&K air filter, fog lights, aftermarket exhaust, 18" racing low pros with new tires, and only 5K miles. There are also 3 buttons added under the steering column we cant identify... I guess some kid got it for graduaion, the parents put alot of money into upgrades, then the kid got into trouble with drugs and so they traded it in for a new truck for themselves!
the nissan dealers was sooooooo nice. We have never been treated with that much respect, usually we try to leave, like to work after being there for 5 hours and they wont let us go, this guy reminded us we said we had an apointment and invited us to come back later.
So far, I am blown away. There are so many sweet features my head is spinning a bit. The inteligent key, bluetooth phone, and ratcheting height drivers seat are my 3 favorites though. that muffler makes it sound mean as hell too. I justified the purchase a bit by saying, I wont spend anything to improve it, because its already nice, but Ive already bonded to the car enough I cant help but look for things to do to it.
The only thing I dont like is the speadometer numbers, which go by 20's and 2's, and nearly every streets I drive on has speed limits that end in 5. Its a small price to pay for such a comfortable and fun ride.0
mxcastro Posts: 1I was just wondering if you had any luck with finding out what was wrong with your car. Unfortunately i am having the same problem with my car.0
klondike_ca Posts: 1Hi there,
I have exactly the same issue. Bought the car yesterday. heard the noise and then brought it back to the dealer and they said they had no idea. Has the noise that you had diagnosed been developed into anything different?0
ch300 Posts: 22007 nissan versa, 3.5 years old, 55,000km. rusted weld at flange forward of muffler. muffler place told me to bring it to dealer, should be a warranty issue, should never rust at the weld, said was a bad weld. dealer told me over three years, even though under 60K. told me tough luck. thanks nissan canada. i will remember that one. muffler place told me many versas have the exact same corroded weld.0
nadilla Posts: 1I JUST started having that problem! around 16k miles, and this just happened. I heard a friend of a friend had this same problem. Looking up other problems, I see this site, and now I'm freaked out... thinking the hubcaps may be the least of my problems. The first was the arm rest material pulling up on my driver side door, which they replaced.0


text: In an effort to help increase interest in satellites, we have created a new award for working five (5) different hams in the EM55 grid. You do not have to be in your home grid to count the stations worked. There are several satellite ready hams in EM55. Here is the current list that we know of: WA4NVM, WA4HFN, WB4LHD, WA4OVO, KI4OTG, KD4NOQ, KJ4BIX, AJ4KF, W5KUB, N4MGT, AA4HV and K4FEG Send your log to WA4NVM or WA4HFN for checking, along with your current mailing address. The award is free and should any donations be sent, they will be forwarded to AMSAT along with your call and name. This award will be effective 1 June 2011, therefore, all contacts must be on or after this date. http://www.amsat.org/amsat-new/contact/ You can see the award at wa4hfn on QRZ

subset: commoncrawl


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CAIRO, Jan. 29 — For Gamal Hassanein, it began with a slap.
The unemployed 24-year-old was arguing with a police officer when the man struck him across the face — a blow that seemed to sting for months.
"He stole my dignity with that slap," said Hassanein, who does odd jobs to make money. "We could never stand up to those officers before because we were afraid. But we're no longer willing to be silenced by our fear."
The tens of thousands of protesters who have thrown Egypt's 30-year-old regime into tumult come from all walks of life — conservative Muslims and Christians, yuppies and the unemployed, young and old.
For many, the protests demanding that President Hosni Mubarak step down were a catalyst for years or decades of repressed anger at mistreatment at the hands of the state.
One after another, they describe a moment buried in their memory that came gushing to the surface as they saw others taking to the streets.
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Hossam, a 23-year-old Cairo resident from the upper-middle-class Maadi neighborhood, said he thought of his cousin, who drowned seven years ago after falling out of a pedal-boat on the coast.
Emergency services did not respond to a call for rescue after learning that the victim was not a Westerner, said Hossam, who declined to provide his last name for fear of official retaliation.
"Why are we treated like this?" he asked. "We will get rid of this regime."
National shame
The personal humiliations are exacerbated by a sense of national shame at a series of failures that throw into relief Egypt's slide from cultural and political trendsetter of the Arab world to a country besieged by poverty, illiteracy, corruption and official incompetence.
Castaway's parents thought they would never see him again
The father of Pacific castaway Jose Salvador Alvarenga said he was told his long-lost son vanished on a fishing trip but he didn't have the heart to break the news to his ailing wife.
- Scotland legalizes same-sex marriage
- Weapons deal strengthened Assad: US intel chief
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- Olympic construction leaves Sochi residents in the cold
- Castaway's parents thought they would never see him again
A ship sinking in the Red Sea left more than 1,000 dead. The national football team lost a World Cup game to Algeria. The government has failed to reconcile warring Palestinian factions, and appears unable to influence Israel's actions in the Middle East.
For years, though, the anger had no outlet.
Egypt's traditional opposition groups — socialists, liberals and Arab nationalists — have been marginalized by Mubarak's years of restricting their freedom while buying their cooperation with parliament seats and other patronage.
The largest and most organized opposition group, the banned Muslim Brotherhood, has not reached out to non-conservative Muslims, limiting its base of supporters.
The return of Nobel Prize laureate Mohamed ElBaradei to Egypt in February 2010 energized many young Egyptians, who called on him to run as president. But his appeal was limited by his image as a secular expatriate.Video: Mubarak clings to power as Cairo protests swell (on this page)
In June, the death of 28-year-old businessman Khaled Said at the hands of undercover police set off months of small protests that swelled into mass outrage after demonstrators grew emboldened by Tunisians' overthrow this month of their longtime autocratic president.
"It is a process brewing for several years," said Hossam al-Hamalawi, a 33-year old blogger. "Activists from small groups have been agitating for these days of anger ... but no one can claim it."
Mahmoud Elhetta, who leads a campaign supporting ElBaradei for president, said his group of 1,500 activists had been training for organizing civil disobedience and large protests.
"We each had our tools and we were waiting for this moment," Elhetta said.
Women dressed in black all-engulfing veils and wide flowing black robes followed others with expensive hairstyles, tight jeans and name-brand sunglasses.
"The people want to change the regime!" they shouted, a staccato Arabic chant that first appeared in Tunisian protests.
Aya Barada, a 25-year-old legal consultant wearing a blue headscarf and tight jeans, said she learned about the protests from Facebook, and relentless campaigning by activists who used Said's death as a rallying cry against the government.
"I am making good money. I personally am not suffering. But the conditions in Egypt are ... bad for me, my family, and ultimately my country."
Homemaker Sadat Abdel Salam wore a black abaya, or robe, and a face-covering veil to the protest.
"They are taking us lightly and they don't feel our frustration," she said. "This is a uprising of the people and we will not shut up again."
Tarek el-Tablawy and Hadeel al-Shalchi contributed to this report.
Copyright 2011 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
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- Editor: Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
- Date Published: September 2010
- availability: Unavailable - out of print April 2019
- format: Hardback
- isbn: 9780521820967
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The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity is an authoritative reference guide that enables college and seminary students, their teachers, and Christian clergy to reflect critically upon all aspects of Christianity from its origins to the present day. Written by a team of 800 scholars and practitioners from around the world, the volume reflects the plurality of Christianity throughout its history. Key Features of The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity: *Offers a presentation of the Christian beliefs and practices of all major Christian traditions in each continents and each nation *Highlights the different understandings of Christian beliefs and practices in different historical, cultural, religious, denominational, and secular contexts *Includes entries on methodology and the plurality of approaches that are used in the study of Christianity *Combines several approaches -- – including anthropological, cultural studies, ecumenical, and interfaith -- – to each Christian tradition *Respects each Christian tradition, through the self-presentation of Christianity in each country or Christian tradition *Includes clusters of entries on beliefs and practices, each presenting the understanding of a given Christian belief or practice in different historical and contemporary contexts *Demonstrates the relationship and interaction of Christianity with other religious traditions in various parts of the world *Provides a full bibliography on all topics covered in the volumeRead more
- A solid quick reference work for Christian clergy, professors and students in Christian seminaries and religious studies departments throughout the world
- A web page with a 'for further reading' bibliography, open to the public and tagged to each of the signed entries of the CDC
- A presentation of the global history of Christianity, in all parts of the world
- A Choice Outstanding Academic Title, 2011
Reviews & endorsements
"The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity is the most up-to-date treasure-trove addressing the question, What is Christianity? Eight hundred and twenty-eight contributors from around the globe set out to appraise the historical, contemporary, and ecumenical dimensions of the multi-faced Christianity in 134 countries. With its concise articles, the Dictionary serves as a launching pad for an academic study of Christianity at the beginning of the twenty-first century. A unique value of the Dictionary is its restraint from confessional, ethnic, and religious sensitivities. As an indispensable tool for study, it leads us to both admire the old dimensions of Christianity and discover the latest features of its diversity."
Professor Emeritus John Mbiti, University of Bern, SwitzerlandSee more reviews
"The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity is an achievement of exceptional value, one that can substantially enrich basic instruction and advanced scholarly research on the formation and development of Christian beliefs and practices in socially and culturally diverse global settings. It provides succinct and accessible accounts of basic Christian doctrines, pivotal biblical texts, central liturgical practices, and patterns of ecclesiastical organization that are constitutive for major Christian traditions, embracing Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Anglican, ecumenical Protestant, and charismatic and evangelical Protestant movements. These traditions are examined, moreover, not simply in European or North American contexts, but with careful attention to their concrete manifestations in African, Asian, and Latin American settings."
Thomas Ogletree, Yale Divinity School
"This volume is the most impressive and comprehensive dictionary on Christianity available to us. Taking a global perspective, the editor brings together the best minds from diverse regions of the world and various disciplinary backgrounds to produce a global account of the Christian heritage and tradition in its historical, cultural, and social contexts. These fascinating and accessible essays taken together probe deeply into the essence, meaning, and functions of the Christian faith in the twenty-one centuries of its existence. This is a significant work for theologians, scholars of religion, church historians, and all those who are interested in the issues of cultural identity, globalization, and interreligious encounters."
Jacob K. Olupona, Harvard University
"This is the reference book I have been waiting for. It is broad in vision and comprehensive in scope, as its contributors represent a variety of Christian perspectives and beliefs. This historical survey from the origins of Christianity to the present provides us with a thick description of the nature of a rich ecumenical religion that is shaped by deep traditions and is ever-changing in the cultures in which it finds its various homes."
Emilie M. Townes, Yale Divinity School
"This is truly a unique resource that is very worthwhile for all academic collections, and one that will be useful for just about any type of reader. Essential."
"… adds much detail, texture, and thoughtful analysis … all students of the topic should welcome it and want to read it."
Benedetto Clausi, The Sixteenth Century Journal
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Product details
- Date Published: September 2010
- format: Hardback
- isbn: 9780521820967
- length: 1414 pages
- dimensions: 260 x 186 x 51 mm
- weight: 2.3kg
- availability: Unavailable - out of print April 2019
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With all the concerns surrounding seafood, buying fish has become a navigational nightmare. But don't let fear or confusion scare you away. Before heading to the market, learn a few simple rules.
Befriend a Fishmonger
By developing a rapport with the person selling your fish, you'll feel comfortable asking important questions, and you'll get trustworthy information. If your seller doesn't know the answers, find another retailer.
Remember that because a store is small doesn't mean it's better. Many independent fish markets sell safe, sustainable seafood, but some may not. Meanwhile, larger chains may have stringent safeguards in place -- and the clout to enforce them. Whole Foods, for instance, visits its suppliers and producers worldwide to see how they operate. The company also prohibits fish farmers from using antibiotics and growth hormones, and requires that they "minimize the impacts of fish farming on the environment by protecting sensitive habitats," according to Carrie Brownstein, the company's seafood quality standards coordinator.
Regardless of where you shop, let your vendor know that you won't eat overfished species. Tom McCann, spokesman for Ocean Conservancy, says doing this gets the message across: "Educated consumers can put pressure on stores and restaurants so that everyone makes better decisions."
Buy Wild
Wild fish typically are a sustainable, safe option. The naturally occurring nutrients they feed on often make for better taste. Plus, properly managed fisheries use methods that protect the ocean floor and the fish supply.
Look for the blue-and-white logo from the Marine Stewardship Council (on packaging, labels, and fish counter seafood tags), which certifies commercial fisheries that keep populations within sustainable levels, minimize environmental impact, and meet all local, national, and international laws of sustainability. You'll find the logo on wild Alaskan salmon, Oregon pink shrimp, and U.S. North Pacific sablefish (also known as black cod).
Note, though, that mismanaged wild fisheries do exist, depleting fish populations and damaging the ocean floor. To get them on the straight and narrow, organizations like Ocean Conservancy help put responsible management plans in place. For example, because of the group's recent work, it now recommends red snapper from the Gulf of Mexico, long considered a bad eco option. Why the change? The Gulf's regional fishery council put a science-based catch limit (also called a limited access privilege program) in place for the season. This helps rebuild diminishing populations.
You'll also want to make sure your wild fish hasn't come from polluted waters. Wild salmon that comes from Washington state and Oregon, for instance, can have high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, which are potential carcinogens.
Not all farmed fish deserves a bad rap. Sure, some farms cause pollution, destroy natural coastal habitats, and deplete and threaten local wild species. But well-regulated farms manage their systems responsibly and pose fewer environmental risks. Domestic barramundi and rainbow trout make good picks, as do farmed mollusks such as oysters and mussels, which can actually clean the waters they're grown in.
Farmed shrimp and salmon, on the other hand, warrant more questions. Shrimp farms can wreak havoc on local habitats, as torn-down coastlines become farming sites that then pollute the land around them. Salmon farms (set up in net pens placed along the coastline) may allow harmful pollution to seep into surrounding waters. Farmers often feed these salmon food pellets made with a synthetic chemical to give the flesh an orange pigment (wild salmon's color comes from eating krill, tiny crustaceans).
Again, ask questions to find out if your retailer avoids unacceptable fish. Wegmans grocery chain worked with the Environmental Defense Fund to set its own standards (for instance, that fresh shrimp must come from farms that prohibit antibiotics).
Buy Domestic (Most of the Time)
"While not perfect, the United States has the most regulated fisheries in the world," says Nancy Civetta of the Pew Environment Group. These rules, which cover population management and safe fishing practices, make buying domestic better than buying from a country like China, which has lenient policies and struggles with water pollution.
Of course, exceptions exist. A number of northern European fisheries (including North Eastern Sea Fisheries sea bass and North Sea herring) have been certified sustainable by the Marine Stewardship Council. So how do you know where your seafood comes from? The United States now requires that most wild and farm-raised seafood have country of origin labeling. Inaccuracies can occur, so when in doubt, ask your fishmonger.
Be Wary of "Organic"
The USDA doesn't yet have a certification program for organic seafood. But you'll still find "organic" on some labels. Why? The federal government doesn't prohibit international producers from labeling seafood organic. (The exception is California, which bans misleading labeling.)
That said, a few domestic shrimp farms have received USDA organic certification because they qualify as livestock, not aquaculture, farms. By farming inland, some farms have also improved practices by recycling water and diminishing their pollution.
Factor in Health
Eating a variety of seafood generally supports good health. Many species contain high amounts of omega-3s, or "good" fatty acids, which are important for cardiovascular health and pre- and postnatal neurological development, among other benefits.
Since our bodies can't produce significant amounts of omega-3s, it's essential that we get them from our diet. Good seafood sources include sablefish, Atlantic mackerel, Arctic char, yellowfin tuna, wild salmon, sardines, anchovies, and rainbow trout.
Consider the Risks
While some fish contain these good fatty acids, they also may have high levels of omega-6s, or polyunsaturated fats that may increase inflammation and blood clotting -- so enjoy options like tilapia and catfish in moderation.
Meanwhile, mercury and PCBs pose the two biggest health threats for seafood eaters. Mercury targets the nervous system and kidneys and can damage children's brains; PCBs, when consumed continuously at low levels, may act as carcinogens and affect nervous system development. Longer-living, large predatory fish such as shark and bluefin tuna have high amounts of both mercury and PCBs, but toxins even pop up in smaller species such as grouper. Consume these species sparingly; pregnant women and children should avoid them altogether. Conveniently, most of these fish are also overfished, so by avoiding them you'll protect yourself and the waters.
The Fish List
Still confused? Stick with these fish. They're good for you and the ocean.
- Anchovies
- Atlantic mackerel
- Farmed rainbow trout
- Farmed oysters
- Alaskan or Canadian sablefish
- Wild Alaskan salmon
- Sardines
- U.S. farmed shrimp


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Lake Lavon Fishing
Thursday, 19 September 2019
Main Menu
Fishing Forum
Crappie Fishing Tips
Sandbass Fishing Tips
Catfish Fishing Tips
Find a boat ramp
How To
Local Weather
TPWD Fishing Reports
Lake Maps
Lake Levels
Lake Lavon Records
Contact Us
News Feeds
Lake Ray Hubbard
Welcome to Lake Lavon Fishing
Lake Lavon is located in North Texas less than 5 miles northeast of Wylie, Texas in Collin County. The lake, which covers approximately 21,400 acres, was originally impounded in 1953. Lake Lavon boasts a wide variety of fish including
largemouth bass
sand bass
channel catfish
blue catfish
flathead catfish
, along with many varieties of sunfish. With recent restocking of
striped bass
by Texas Parks & Wildlife, look for these fish to become legal size within the next few years.
While there is very little aquatic vegetation on Lake Lavon, the northern ends of both arms of Lake Lavon are heavily timbered and often hold both crappie and catfish in good numbers. Other hot spots on the lake include the power plant warm water output next to Little Ridge Park and the island located off of Clear Lake Park. There are a total of 16
boat ramp facilities
on Lake Lavon, of which 8 have courtesy docks. Some boat ramps are only open seasonally so check with the US Army Corp of Engineers for park availability. Many boat ramps are available at no charge while some charge small launch fees. An
annual pass
may be purchased which will allow you free access to all pay ramps with the exception of Collin Park which is privately owned.
Here is a Picture sent in from Crappie Tom in IRAQ. Keep up the Good work Tom!!!! Nice Lund Hat!


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By default idea net setter is locked with Idea network ,so unlocking idea netsetter ,it is possible to use any sim card (docomo,airtel,aircel) to connect internet .
here am sharing a simple way to unlock your idea netsetter .
all you have to do is goto http://a-zgsm.com/huawei.php?act=submit
then insert your device's IMEI number (you can find it on backside of your modem ) and enter the security code displayed
then press "calculator" to get unlock code for your idea netsetter (copy it)
Now insert the the sim card which you like to use with idea netsetter and plug it into usb port ,and open the idea netsetter software.
(software ask you the unlock code)insert the generated unlock code in the unlock box and press ok ,now your device is fully unlocked .and now you can use idea netsetter with any sim card .
NOTE: you have to edit the gprs connection profile in the ideanetsetter software according to your service provider.


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Recent Posts
Monthly Archives: July 2007
Healing Prayer Ministry Search Engine is Online
The Roaring Mouse has just put its new Healing Prayer Ministry Search Engine online. This engine is powered by the Google search engine. However, it is particularly oriented towards searches about healing, prayer ministry, counselling, hearing God's voice, intimacy with God, … Continue reading
Posted in Promotion, Search Engines, SEO, Tools, Webmaster Tagged counselling, directory, Google, healing, healing prayer ministry, hearing God's voice, increase traffic, intimacy with God, pagerank, prayer ministry, search engine, use of spiritual gifts Comments Off on Healing Prayer Ministry Search Engine is Online


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Tom Hoopes has an interesting article at OSV on efforts by the Archdiocese of New York and the Diocese of Arlington to get folks off porn. The impetus to do something was from priests frustrated that viewing porn is "the No. 1 sin they are hearing from men in the confessional."
Alarmed by the constant mentions of pornography by penitents, priests were clamoring for training. "It was no longer enough to say, 'You've made a great confession. Pray and do better,'" . . .
Go read the article to see the concrete ways the two dioceses are dealing with the problem.
One interesting fact the article conveys, and a reason I'm noting it here, is that both dioceses have sought to '"incorporate the wisdom" of Bishop Finn's 2007 pastoral "Blessed are the Pure in Heart" into their programs. The article says the pastoral:
does not just condemn use of pornography, but reaches out to those who use porn and lists ways for them to become reconciled with the Church. . .
. . .Bishop Finn writes: "While some would say that the opposite of love is hate, [Pope John Paul II] taught that the opposite of love is use. The idea is that if you do not love someone, you will end up using that person."
This gets to the heart of why pornography is wrong, he wrote. On the one hand, "One may never use another person as an object for one's own pleasure." And ultimately, wrote the bishop, "the only proper response to a person is love."
While the number of men repeatedly confessing this sin is surely a problem, the number of men not confessing it is probably much worse. If you're dealing with the issue, or have a family member or friend who is, I'd highly recommend taking a look at Bishop Finn's pastoral. It is also available in Spanish and French.


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Everyone loves buying and owning their favorite movies on DVD. Whether it's new or used Blu-ray DVDs or regular brand new DVDs or even used DVDs. They are just fun to have around whenever you want to watch them. CheapestDVDprice.com is here to help you find all the cheap DVDs you want using our FREE price comparison service.
Need to find the best prices on all your College Textbooks needs, try our sister site CollegeTextbooks.net!
CheapestDVDprice.com is easy, FREE and it will help you find the best place to get your cheap DVDs! It's as easy as entering the name of the movie and letting our price comparison search engine find the cheapest prices at the best Blu-ray DVD stores, new DVD stores and used DVD stores on the web. If you don't know the name of the movie and just know the actor/actress or director, no problem, simply enter in the info you know and let CheapestDVDprice.com search out the Blu-ray or DVD movies that fit the search criteria.
It really is just that easy to find cheap DVDs! Search, Compare, Save and then get the popcorn ready...its movie night!


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18th September 2005, 03:35 AM
Wow, has anyone checked out the Lucky Star site? I have never seen so many dogs up for adoption. They must have just done a huge rescue. Does anyone know anything about it? I am drooling over the blenheim girls, but I know my hands are full with one child and one dog. There is a little guy named Nigel on the list that looks like my Will.


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Announced by Electronic Arts during an investor call earlier today, the gaming publisher has sold two million copies of Bioware's Star Wars: The Old Republic and 1.7 million of those gaming consumers have signed up for a subscription to the online role-playing game. However, this number includes all players that are currently taking advantage of the first 30 days of free play-time that comes with the $60 game and does not necessarily mean 1.7 million people have already paid the first month fee of $15. If Electronic Arts can manage to keep all 1.7 million subscribers paying for access to the game for the next twelve months, the company stands to make approximately 300 million dollars in subscription fees over 2012.
While Electronic Arts boasted that Star Wars: The Old Republic is the "fastest-growing subscription MMO in history," the company also released information regarding player engagement. In the past month of game time, players have logged a combined 239 million in-game hours within the Star Wars universe. That converts to approximately 27,000 years of in-game time. Over 148 billion credits, the game's currency, has been spent by players and over twenty billion non-player characters have been killed during missions, flashpoints and operations. Representatives at EA noted that servers have been up 99.5 percent of the time, except for scheduled maintenance, and 40 percent of game purchases were made through digital delivery via Origin rather than a traditional retailer like Amazon or Best Buy.
Star Wars: The Old Republic has also received attention from the Family Research Council (FRC) after BioWare announced that the ability to pursue a same sex relationship is being planned as an added feature in an upcoming patch to the game. The president of the conservative lobbying organization, Tony Perkins, released a statement claiming that "Star Wars gamers have already gone to the dark side," and railed against Bioware for planning the upcoming addition despite complaints from angry parents. However, it's unlikely that Bioware will alter plans to add this feature based solely on a public statement from the FRC.
Since the launch of the the MMORPG, Bioware has already released a content pack to paying subscribers. On January 17, the company launched game update 1.1 which was called Rise of the Rakghouls. Beyond a variety of bug fixes to patch the launch version, Bioware awarded a Founders title to all players that purchased the game at launch. In addition, the update added a new flashpoint called "Kaon Under Siege" that encourages players to team up to experience a new story line about a planet ravaged by an outbreak of the Rakghoul plague. The update also includes a new operation called "Karagga's Palace, part II" that allows a group of players to team up with other groups for greater rewards.
Bioware is also planning to hold a guild summit in Austin, Texas during early March and inviting select guild leaders to the event. Designed as a session to obtain player feedback, Bioware will be holding round-table discussion sessions as well question and answer sessions with the guild members attending the conference. According to a Bioware representative, he stated "This event will provide an opportunity for attendees to voice their feedback directly to the teams responsible for the design of Star Wars: The Old Republic, hear the team's thoughts and reasons behind design decisions, and discuss the current direction of the game." While guild members will be have to pay for all costs related to the trip, they will be able to see an advanced preview of upcoming features and content additions for the game.


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Backdrops – Wallpapers v2.25 [Pro]
Backdrops – Wallpapers v2.25 [Pro]
Minimum Requirements: 4.1+
APK Description: It's time to get rid of all those other wallpaper apps. Say hello to Backdrops.
Sift through hundreds of original wallpapers hand crafted in house by the the Backdrops team. Enjoy exclusive walls designed specifically for your devices.
Let's Get Social
Join in on the action and upload wallpapers yourself. Share your own original pieces of work or photography. The Backdrops team will be side by side with you sharing high quality public domain photos.
Wall of the Day
Come back every day for a new treat. This is where we showcase newly created backdrops, or just some of our favorites. Contact us if you want your own original work in the spotlight.
Premium Packs
Unlock bonus collections to gain access to even more original work. These Premium sets will be updated along with the Explore section. More backdrops equals a happier you.
Click some hearts and build a collection of your own. Have all your favorites handy for quick access.
Stunning UI
Fall in love with an app designed with Material in mind. Open up Backdrops continually for some daily eye candy.
Go Pro
Unlock the Pro version for some bonus features. More exclusive features will be added over time.
Updated Daily
We'll be constantly designing new backdrops for you. This means new high quality content within the app every day.
v2.24 BETA
– Cyber Week SALE! 50% off Backdrops Pro!
– New Pro feature: set the Wall of the Day directly from the notification.
– Save button now shows progress bar.
– Small visual changes throughout the app.
Enjoying Backdrops? Drop us a review! We appreciate all the support.
This app has no advertisements
More Info:
Download Instructions:PRO features Unlocked


text:
- About us
- Blogs
- Funding/Donations
- Challenges
- Chapters
- Papers
- Projects
- Code of Conduct
- Google SoC
- Recent posts
- Security Workshops
Hi folks:
I have done some basic shellcode and heapspray detection codes in the phoneyc's 'honeyjs' javascript engine (based on python-spidermonkey, with extra tracing and auditing works). And also I have made a presentation on the local honeynet chinese chapter last weeked. Details about my current approaches can be found on this slide: http://is.gd/J9QP
Z. Chen (Joyan)
PS: This post is also available on my personal blog: http://joyan.appspot.com/2009/06/1/whats_new_phoneyc_2_shellcode_detection.html


text:
First of all, I want to thank you for this great website. I visit it on a daily basis and it's one of the few who really stays up-to-date. For me as an archaeology student this site is essential. Please keep at it!
I have one question though. Would it be possible to add RSS functionality to this website? I would like to read news in my RSS reader and this is one of the only news sites I visit that hasn't got this functionality. I tried an external RSS feed creator and although it works, it isn't perfect. Just a suggestion.
Best regards,


text:
The Ohio Department of Taxation has compiled a list of frequently asked questions covering many different categories.
To view the questions, click on the "Select Category" bar and then click on the category you are interested in. A list of questions will appear pertaining to that category. Then click on the question you are inquiring about and the answer will appear.
I employ the spouse of a local Army recruiter. The employee has informed me that they are not residents of Ohio. How do I handle Ohio state income tax withholding for my employee's wages so that I am in compliance with the federal military spouse tax provisions?
The 2009 amendment to the federal Servicemembers Civil Relief Act provides that if a servicemember and his/her spouse are domiciled in the same state, their domicile does not change when they move to another state pursuant to the servicemember's military orders. You and your employee should complete the Ohio IT MIL-SP to keep on file. You may need to send a copy to the Ohio Department of Taxation upon request. If you have an eligible military spouse working for you, you are not required to withhold Ohio income tax nor report their wages to the Ohio Department of Taxation. You should determine what the withholding and reporting requirements are for their state of domicile and comply accordingly.
For federal income tax purposes, the employee's income must be withheld following the normal business rules.
Note that the Ohio IT MIL-SP asks the employee to provide a copy of the spousal military ID card that was issued to the employee by the Department of Defense.
The Ohio IT MIL-SP applies only to Ohio state income taxes. Municipal income tax in Ohio is not administered by the state. It is administered separately by each municipality that has enacted a tax. Questions about municipal income tax should be directed to the appropriate municipality.
For more information:
You can reach us by email at email@example.com. Our toll-free number for individual taxpayer inquiries is 1-800-282-1780 and the toll-free number for forms is 1-800-282-1782.


text:
Small ProductMore Information
Showerwall Panel Adhesive is now based on new SPUR technology (Silylterminated PUR technology) making it the first hybrid polymer grab adhesive specially created for trade, uniquely packed in a plastic 350ml cartridge.
This 350ml tube of panel adhesive is a Showerwall product, this is recommended to be used with all Showerwall Panels, frames and trim Installations.
Approximately 1 cartridge of Showerwall adhesive is required per 1000mm wide Showerwall board.
Specifications of the Showerwall Adhesive
Internal & External Use
Fast Curing
Solvent Free
Virtually Odourless
Low dirt Pickup
Excelent break off and tooling
Weather resistant
UV resistant
Chemical resistant
Downloads for the Showerwall Adhesive
Showerwall Fitting Instructions
Full Details of the Showerwall Guarantee
Showerwall Warranty
Showerwall is more hygienic and easier to maintain than tiles. The non-porous surface provides excellent protection against bacteria, especially in the areas between tiles that are traditionally grouted. Anti-bacterial cleaner kills germs and keeps hard surfaces clean without scratching and is recommended for the optimum life and performance of the panel.
Anti-bacterial cleaner kills germs and keeps hard surfaces clean without scratching and is recommended for the optimum life and performance of the panel.
Abrasive cleaners and bleaches MUST NOT be used on panelling.
Sealant needs to be replaced from time to time. Failure to do this may cause water ingress and subsequent panel damage.
Showerwall Guarantee - 15 Years*
When installed using the recommended fitting guide and accessories, Showerwall is guaranteed 100% waterproof for 15 years.
Download full details of the Showerwall Guarantee
Environmental All Showerwall panels are manufactured using FSC certified MDF, guaranteeing that the wood used in its production is harvested from responsibly managed forests. By buying a product with FSC certification, you are supporting responsible forest management worldwide.
British Standard Fire Rated Class 2 BS 476: Part 7 : 1997
Disclaimer Due to variations in the photographic and printing process, colours shown in this brochure may vary from the actual product. It is advisable to refer to a product sample before making your purchase. We reserve the right to change the specification of these products without prior notification.
Buyaparcel offer delivery throughout the United Kingdom, including Northern Ireland, Scottish Highlands and other Islands of the UK. In addition we can now also deliver through Europe.
UK Delivery Prices
£2.95 - Royal Mail Second Class (2-5 Days Approx - selected products only)
£3.95 - Standard UK Delivery (2-3 Days Approx)
£5.95 - Next Day UK Delivery (Orders placed before 3.30pm Monday - Friday)
£8.95 - Saturday Delivery (Orders placed before 3.30pm Friday)
£36.00 - Pallet Delivery (2-3 Days Approx - selected products only)
International Delivery Prices
In addition we now deliver through Europe on a 48 Hour Delivery Service as Standard
Zone 1 – £9.99
Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, France, Netherlands, Rep Ireland.
Zone 2- £14.99
Austria, Denmark, Czech Republic, Poland, Lithuania, Hungary.
Zone 3 – £19.99
Estonia, Spain, Sweden, Italy, Portugal, Latvia.
Zone 4 – £29.99
Bulgaria, Finland, Romania.
Zone 5 – £49.99
Bosnia, Croatia, Switzerland.
Zone 6 – £59.99
Norway, Serbia, Iceland.
Choose a Delivery Date to Suit You
You also now have the facility to choose a day you wish to have your order delivered on if your order is being delivered via courier or pallet. This can be done at the checkout stage where you will be shown a calendar if you select the book in option. You will have the option of booking in your delivery for a day that is convenient for you. Should you require the order the following day please select the next day option.
Is My Item Available for Next Day Delivery?
If your item is stocked in our immediate picking location it will available for you to choose a next day delivery. This will be highlighted by a green tick and a 1 day dispatch time on the item information.
You will have the option to choose this service if you are purchasing your item for delivery to mainland UK.
What courier will my item be delivered with?
If your item is being delivered in the UK or Ireland, it will be delivered by UK Mail or Royal Mail, with the exception of pallet items. The courier type is displayed on each item but will be confirmed at the checkout stage when you have completed your shopping.
If you are an international customer, your goods will initially be sent via UK Mail, and then exported to either Eurodis or DHL. The appropriate tracking can be provided when necessary.
Details of each courier service we offer are detailed in our Delivery Guide.
How do I track my delivery?
To track your order online, go to 'Your Account' and click on 'Purchase History' for an update on your order.
Our team work extremely hard to get your parcels to your door in the shortest possible time but please note that we recommend you do not book a plumber etc until you have received and checked your goods.
Please note:
- Delivery addresses cannot be changed once the order is placed except in the case of an error, which we will do our best to change, but orders are often shipped quickly after being processed.
- The couriers we use do not deliver to PO boxes or building sites.
Returns at Buyaparcel
We've simplified our returns process! We now offer a no-questions-asked, free returns service within the first 30 days (subject to T&Cs).
You can find our returns information in our Terms and Help page.


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Australia to sign second Kyoto protocol
Australia will sign up to a second commitment to the Kyoto protocol, ahead of what the Gillard government expects will be a comprehensive global emissions agreement taking effect in 2020.
Signing the first Kyoto protocol was one of the first acts of the Labor government in December 2007, following John Howard's reluctance to back the agreement.
Climate Change Minister Greg Combet told a carbon expo in Melbourne on Friday that Australia was "ready to join a second commitment period" of the protocol, which is to be discussed at global climate talks in Doha in December.
But the protocol - which covers less than 15 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions and only from developed nations - was not enough on its own, he said.
Australia will continue to push for a more comprehensive agreement, to be concluded by 2015, and take action through such measures as carbon pricing.
"From 2020 we expect all countries - including the United States, the European Union, China, Japan, India, Indonesia and South Korea - will be part of a new agreement to reduce emissions," Mr Combet said.
"This will bring all countries onto the same legal platform to reduce emissions."
Without taking action to reduce emissions, the Australian economy would face a "severe economic shock" from 2020 and it was better to tackle it now.
The Kyoto protocol was the first global treaty to set binding obligations on countries to cut emissions.
It also created the world's first global carbon market spanning developed and developing countries and the private sector.
It establishes a set of rules and accounting procedures for emissions, and the Kyoto market mechanisms help developed countries meet their commitments and developing countries access clean technology.
Australia's preparedness to join a second commitment period relied on a continuation of the existing land sector rules and access to the Kyoto market mechanisms from January 1, 2013, Mr Combet said.
If these conditions were met in Doha, Australia would take on an emissions reduction target for the Kyoto protocol's second commitment period consistent with the bipartisan commitment to cut emissions by five per cent below 2000 levels by 2020.
There also was the potential to increase this target to 15 or 25 per cent, depending on the scale of global action, Mr Combet said.
Signing the protocol would not affect the liabilities of companies covered under the carbon price which started on July 1.
Rather, it would give businesses greater certainty of access to international carbon markets and provide new opportunities for carbon farming.
In his speech, Mr Combet criticised the Australian Greens and the opposition, saying Labor had been committed to climate action since "before the Greens existed" and Opposition Leader Tony Abbott had "wilfully deceived" people over carbon pricing.


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The Art of Video Games
March 16, 2012 – September 30, 2012
- Watch the video trailer, and interviews with the curator and designers!
- Were you at GameFest? See if you made it into our Flickr photostream
- Is your favorite video game featured in the exhibition?
- Questions? Check out our FAQ!
- See if the exhibition is visiting your hometown
- Add your pics to our Flickr group!
- Who is talking about the exhibition?
- Check out the book from Welcome Books
- Watch the webcast of the winning games announcement
- Go behind-the-scenes with the museum's blog Eye Level
About the Exhibition
Video games are a prevalent and increasingly expressive medium within modern society. In the forty years since the introduction of the first home video game, the field has attracted exceptional artistic talent. An amalgam of traditional art forms—painting, writing, sculpture, music, storytelling, cinematography—video games offer artists a previously unprecedented method of communicating with and engaging audiences.
The Art of Video Games is one of the first exhibitions to explore the forty-year evolution of video games as an artistic medium, with a focus on striking visual effects and the creative use of new technologies. It features some of the most influential artists and designers during five eras of game technology, from early pioneers to contemporary designers. The exhibition focuses on the interplay of graphics, technology and storytelling through some of the best games for twenty gaming systems ranging from the Atari VCS to the PlayStation 3. Eighty games, selected with the help of the public, demonstrate the evolution of the medium. The games are presented through still images and video footage. In addition, the galleries will include video interviews with twenty developers and artists, large prints of in-game screen shots, and historic game consoles. Chris Melissinos, founder of Past Pixels and collector of video games and gaming systems, is the curator of the exhibition.
Developments in hardware and software, as well as the advent of the internet, have given artists an ever widening palette of tools with which to create, while common game-play elements can be seen throughout. Five featured games, one from each era, show how players interact with diverse virtual worlds, highlighting innovative techniques that set the standard for many subsequent games. The playable games are Pac-Man, Super Mario Brothers, The Secret of Monkey Island, Myst, and Flower.
The Smithsonian American Art Museum invited the public to help select the video games to be included in the exhibition. The 240 games on the ballot were selected by Chris Melissinos, who worked with the museum and an advisory group consisting of game developers, designers, industry pioneers, and journalists. The games were selected based on a variety of criteria, including visual effects, creative use of new technologies, and how the game fit into the narrative of the exhibition. Voting took place between February 14 and April 17, 2011. More than 3.7 million votes were cast by 119,000 people in 175 countries! See which games were voted into the exhibition, or check out the original voting website.
GameFest—three days of insightful talks by video game pioneers, panel discussions with designers and artists, movie screenings, costume photo-ops, and hands-on play—took place from March 16–18, 2012. Archived webcasts are available online.
Public Programs
March 16–18, 2012, GameFest
April 29, 2012, Gamer Symphony Orchestra
May 4, 2012, Symposium—Video Games: Beyond Play, Part 1 and Part 2
May 5, 2012, 21st Century Consort, Music of Games; ticket purchase required
June 26, 2012, The Art of Video Games Curator's Quest
June 27, 2012, The Gamer and the Video Game
July 26, 2012, Building The Art of Video Games
August 7, 2012, The Art of Video Games Curator's Quest
August 18, 2012, Playing Pong in 2100: How to Preserve Old Video Games
August 21, 2012, Building The Art of Video Games
September 6, 2012, Pixels and Painting with Kristoffer Zetterstrand
September 8, 2012, GameFest 2.0
September 18, 2012, From Botticelli's Venus to Super Mario: The Evolution of Art History and Future of Video Games
Video Games Live at Strathmore—The Art of Video Games curator, Chris Melissinos, will be a special guest at Video Games Live performances, Saturday, April 7 at 2 p.m. and 8 p.m.
Book— The Art of Video Games: From Pac-Man to Mass Effect
A companion book, The Art of Video Games: From Pac-Man to Mass Effect, accompanies the exhibition. It is written by Chris Melissinos, with a foreword by Elizabeth Broun, director of the Smithsonian American Art Museum and an introduction by Mike Mika, head of development for Other Ocean Interactive and a prominent advocate for the preservation of videogame history. It also includes more than 100 composite images of games created by Patrick O'Rourke. The book, published by Welcome Books in cooperation with the Smithsonian American Art Museum, is available in the museum store, online, and at bookstores nationwide (hardcover, $40).
National Tour
The Art of Video Games will travel to 10 cities in the United States following its presentation in Washington, D.C.
Boca Raton Museum of Art in Boca Raton, Florida (October 24, 2012–January 13, 2013)
EMP Museum in Seattle, Washington (February 16, 2013–May 13, 2013)
Phoenix Art Museum in Phoenix, Arizona (June 16, 2013—September 29, 2013)
Everson Museum of Art in Syracuse, New York (October 25, 2013–January 19, 2014)
Hudson River Museum in Yonkers, New York (February 15, 2014–May 18, 2014)
Toledo Museum of Art in Toledo, Ohio (June 19, 2014–September 28, 2014)
Flint Institute of Arts in Flint, Michigan (October 25, 2014–January 18, 2015)
Chrysler Museum of Art in Norfolk, Virginia (February 13, 2015–May 10, 2015)
Memphis Brooks Museum of Art in Memphis, Tennessee (June 6, 2015–September 13, 2015)
The Patricia and Phillip Frost Art Museum at Florida International University in Miami, Florida (October 9, 2015–January 25, 2016)
Stay Connected
Join the conversation about the exhibition on Twitter by using #taovg and following @americanart. Add your video game-inspired pics to our Flickr group "Celebrating The Art of Video Games! And check out our answers to some of these Frequently Asked Questions.
Go Behind-the-Scenes
If you are interested in receiving monthly updates and special behind-the-scenes offers throughout the run of the exhibition, please sign-up.
Extra Credit!
More than 800 fans become a part of this historic exhibition by donating $10 or more to add their name to the credits, which were presented both in the exhibition galleries and on our website. Check out a mini-game about this campaign, created by students at the Washington County Technical High School.
Go behind-the-scenes with the museum's blog, Eye Level
The Art of Video Games Departs!, September 25, 2012
The Art of Video Games: Interview Extras, June 28, 2012
Comment Sketches from The Art of Video Games, May 17, 2012
The Art of Video Games: The Music, April 24, 2012
The Art of Video Games Triumph!, March 27, 2012
GameFest: A Pac-Man Family Portrait, March 17, 2012
GameFest: The Video Game Celebrities , March 17, 2012
GameFest: The Music, March 17, 2012
GameFest: Don't Forget the Exhibition!, March 17, 2012
GameFest: Chun-Li, March 17, 2012
GameFest: Metal Gear Solid Fans, March 17, 2012
GameFest: A Conversation with Hideo Kojima, March 17, 2012
Let the GameFest Begin!, March 17, 2012
Meet The Art of Video Games Curator, March 15, 2012
Coming Attractions: The Trailer for The Art of Video Games, March 14, 2012
Picture This: Installing the Kiosks for The Art of Video Games, February 23, 2012
The Making of The Art of Video Games, February 3, 2012
The Art of Video Games: Announcing GameFest, January 26, 2012
The People Behind the Video Games: Tommy Tallarico, December 20, 2011
The People Behind the Video Games: David Cage, October 27, 2011
The Art of Video Games: A Sneak Peek, October 20, 2011
The Art of Video Games: Five Questions for Chris Melissinos, August 18, 2011
The People Behind the Video Games: thatgamecompany, July 12, 2011
The Art of Video Games: The Votes are In!, May 5, 2011
5 Questions with Chris Melissinos, March 29, 2011
The Art of Video Games: Vote Now!, February 19, 2011
5 Questions with Chris Melissinos, March 29, 2011
The Art of Video Games: Vote Now!, February 19, 2011
In the News
The Financial Times, Aug. 17, "The art of play" by Raphael Abraham
Kids.gov, Aug. 16, The Art of Video Games
CBS This Morning, May 29, 2012, "Video game orchestra strikes nostalgic chord" by Whit Johnson
The Electric Playground, May 21-22, 2012, two part interview with Chris Melissinos by Jason MacIsaac, Part I and "Video Games Art Art. Case Closed"
NPR, Weekend Edition, April 29, 2012, "Blasts From The Past: The Art Of Video Games" by David Greene
The Verge, April 26, 2012, "'The Art of Video Games' at the Smithsonian: still in beta " by T.C. Sottek
Smithsonian, April 12, 2012, Around the Mall, "Video Games Are More Than Just a Feast for the Eyes" by Megan Gambino
PBS NewsHour, April 4, 2012, "'The Art of Video Games' at the Smithsonian American Art Museum" by Tom LeGro and Crispin Lopez III
CNN, April 4, 2012 "Smithsonian celebrates 'Art of Video Games'" by Larry Frum
Wired, March 30, 2012, "Videogames Politely Invade Smithsonian Art Museum" by Chris Kohler
Eurogamer, March 29, 2012, "Has the Art World Finally Fallen for Video Games?" by Fred Dutton
The Penny Arcade Report, March 23, 2012, "The Art of Video Game's curator for the Smithsonian American Art Museum explores his favorite images" by Ben Kuchera
Washington City Paper, March 23, 2012, "The Art of Video Games At the Smithsonian American Art Museum" by John Anderson
Destructoid, March 23, 2012, "Smithsonian's 'Art of Video Games' exhibit examined" by Jonathan Chang
Voice of America, March 23, 2012 "Exhibit Explores Artistic Side of Video Games" by Susan Logue
Kotaku, March 19, 2012, "I Played Myst at the Museum: Visiting The Art of Video Games" by Kate Cox
The Atlantic, March 19, 2012, "How Video Games Ended Up in the Smithsonian" by Daniel Snyder
The Los Angeles Times, March 19, 2012, "Smithsonian scores with 'Art of Video Games' exhibit by Liesl Bradner
CBS Sunday Morning, March 18, 2012, "The art of video games" with Rita Braver
The Washington Post, March 18, 2012, "Critic's Review: 'The Art of Video Games' at the Smithsonian American Art Museum" by Philip Kennicott
The New York Times, March 16, 2012, "An Exhibition in Easy Mode" by Seth Schiesel
BBC News, March 15, 2012, "Video game art gets the gallery treatment" by Jane O'Brien
USA Today, March 13, 2012, "Are video games art? Draw your own conclusions" by Mike Snider
Salon, March 10, 2012, Five-Minute Museum, "Video games as multi-player art project" by Emma Mustich
Metro Connection, WAMU 88.5, March 9, 2012, "Jumping Inside The Art of Video Games" with Rebecca Sheir
Smithsonian, March 2012, "The Art of Video Games" by Abigail Tucker
Smithsonian, March 2012, "The Art of Video Games"—Interview with Chris Melissinos"
The Art of Video Games is organized by the Smithsonian American Art Museum with generous support from the Entertainment Software Association Foundation; Sheila Duignan and Mike Wilkins; Shelby and Frederick Gans; Mark Lamia; Ray Muzyka and Greg Zeschuk; Rose Family Foundation; Betty and Lloyd Schermer; and Neil Young. Promotional support is provided by the Entertainment Consumers Association. The C.F. Foundation in Atlanta supports the museum's traveling exhibition program, Treasures to Go.


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Undergraduate Degrees, Majors and Concentrations
GEOG1030 - Physical Geography
Summer 2019
This course examines the principles and processes of physical geography. The interrelationship of forces operating on the earth's surface that create typical associations of climate, vegitation, soils and landforms are reviewed in detail. As such, focus will be given to the principals and processes of cartography, earth/sun relationships, weather, climate, tetonics, and earth materials. 3 credits
3 Credits
Schedule Book for All Active and Available Future Terms, Course starting with GEOG1030
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0 Membros e 1 Visitante estão vendo este tópico.
What is the point exactly?
Citação de: Geotecton em 04 de Fevereiro de 2013, 23:38:05What is the point exactly?Would you be more interested if I tell that it is a geo park and I got to see rocks from the mid Cambrian period on the top of a mountain ? You could see the wave shapes on the rock and there was a plaque explaining that it was sandy rock and the wave shapes were caused by the the movement of waves millions of years ago. It is funny that the plaque was in English only, and it kept stating things like "geology believes this or believes that", it is a Muslim country after all.
Must have been a nice trip anyway
Página criada em 0.127 segundos com 23 procedimentos.


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2018 Kohler Engine ECH440
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Kohler Engine
Starting the engine is the last thing you should worry about. That's why you want the KOHLER® Command PRO EFI ECH440 engine powering every piece of equipment. It starts like your car, with no choking. There's no carburetor, so there's no carb downtime. Your equipment is always running - and earning - and your customers are more productive. Plus, KOHLER EFI engines save cash at the pump - and save time on refueling.* (*Compared to a comparable KOHLER carbureted engine under comparable loads and duty cycles)
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NOTES:Length is front to rear of engine. Width is spark plug to spark plug. Height is top of air cleaner cover to mounting feet. Power (hp) and Torque (ft lbs) specifications for Kohler general purpose engines are rated pursuant to Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J1940 based on gross output testing performed according to SAE J1995 without the air cleaner and muffler. Actual engine power and torque are lower and affected by accessories (air cleaner, exhaust, charging, cooling, fuel pump, etc.), application, engine speed, ambient operating conditions (temperature, humidity and altitude) and other factors. This J1940 / J1995 rating provides consistent measurement to customers who may want to control the intake and exhaust features of the engine. For more information, contact Kohler Co. Engine Engineering Department. Kohler Co. reserves the right to change product specifications, designs and standard equipment without notice and without incurring obligation. Backpressure Limit: Inches of H20 @ 3600 RPM WOT Certified Power HP (kW): J1995 power and torque certified by 3rd Party Witness
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European Commission
Press release
Brussels, 26 June 2012
EU signs comprehensive trade agreement with Colombia and Peru
The EU signed today an ambitious and comprehensive Trade Agreement with Colombia and Peru. EU Trade Commissioner Karel De Gucht signed the deal together with Danish Ambassador Jonas Bering Liisberg representing the Presidency of the Council of the EU, the Colombian Minister for Trade Sergio Díaz-Granados, and the Peruvian Minister for Foreign Trade José Luis Silva Martinot. Once fully implemented the Commission estimates that the trade deal will relieve EU exporters of €270 million in duties annually; it will further open up markets on both sides as well as increase the stability and predictability of the trading environment.
"I welcome today's signature of the Trade Agreement with Colombia and Peru, which creates a stable framework to boost trade and investment between the EU and the Andean region", said EU Trade Commissioner Karel De Gucht. "In times of economic crisis, increasing trade and investment is the way forward to create growth and jobs. The agreement establishes a foothold for European business in this rapidly growing area and an anchor for further structural reforms in both countries."
Danish Minister for Trade Pia Olsen Dyhr said: "International trade will in the future be one of the most important engines for growth and employment in Europe. The agreement signed today between the EU and Colombia and Peru promotes trade liberalisation through partnership and it is based solidly on the respect of democratic principles and human rights. I welcome the agreement as an excellent foundation for our evolving partnership with the two Andean countries."
The official text of the Trade Agreement was initialled between the European Commission, Colombia and Peru on 13 April 2011. Since then the text of the agreement has been translated into 21 EU languages and legally verified. All EU Member States are parties to the agreement and have already signed it ahead of today's official signing ceremony.
This signature allows for formal ratification procedures to kick off in the EU as well as in Colombia and Peru. The European Parliament (EP) will be the first to act by voting on consent this year while Member States' Parliaments are expected to adopt the text at a later stage. In the meantime, the Trade Agreement will be provisionally applied between the parties - provided EP consent is granted and ratification procedures are also concluded in Colombia and Peru.
Once fully implemented, the Agreement will eliminate tariffs in all industrial and fisheries products, increase market access for agricultural products, improve access to public procurement, services and investment markets, further reduce technical barriers to trade, and establish common disciplines including on intellectual property rights, transparency and competition.
The proposed deal also includes a far-reaching agreement on the protection of human rights and the rule of law as well as commitments to effectively implement international conventions on labour rights and environmental protection. Civil society organisations will be systematically involved to monitor the implementation of these commitments, which will also be subject to an arbitration system.
Key benefits of the agreement
1. The Agreement will open up market opportunities for a number of key export industries of the EU which will benefit from the removal of tariffs. For example it is worth over €33 million of tariff reductions for the automotive and car parts sector, around €16 million for chemicals and over €60 million for textiles. Other noticeable tariff reductions will be on pharmaceutical and telecommunication products.
2. The EU will open its market to exporters from Peru and Colombia by committing to an immediate liberalisation in industrial and fisheries products as well as substantial tariff concessions in agriculture. This is expected to have a direct impact on growth and jobs in these countries and contribute to the sustained move up the value chain of their economies.
3. The Agreement establishes a set of disciplines which go beyond those agreed in the multilateral framework on non-tariff barriers to market access, competition, transparency and intellectual property rights among others - allowing in particular for the protection of over 100 EU geographical indications on the Colombian and Peruvian markets.
4. The Agreement will promote internationally agreed best practices while securing a transparent, non-discriminatory and predictable environment for operators and investors via a mediation mechanism designed to address non-tariff barriers and - if necessary - an advanced bilateral dispute settlement mechanism.
5. The Agreement also includes a cooperation chapter aimed at promoting competitiveness and innovation; modernising production, facilitating trade and the transfer of technology between the Parties.
6. Finally, the Agreement provides for an accession clause which opens the door to the other countries that are members of the Andean Community of Nations to take part in the Agreement when they see fit.
Bilateral trade in goods between the EU and both Colombia and Peru was €21.1 billion in 2011:
- The EU exported €5.0 billion to Colombia and imported € 6.9 billion.
- The EU exported €2.8 billion to Peru and imported € 6.4 billion.
Talks for a Trade Agreement were launched in January 2009 between the EU and Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. In July 2009, Ecuador suspended its participation in the talks. Nine rounds of negotiations took place between January 2009 and March 2010, when a successful conclusion was reached.
For more information
Full text of the Trade Agreement
MEMO: Summary of the benefits of the Agreement
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New Obama book has 2nd-term plan
Faced with persistent calls for more detail about what a second term would look like, President Barack Obama on Tuesday released a glossy, 20-page repackaging of the plans he has announced on subjects from energy to education.
Obama planned to unveil the booklet, "The New Economic Patriotism: A PLAN FOR JOBS & MIDDLE-CLASS SECURITY," at an event in Delray Tennis Center in Delray, Fla.
Story Continued Below
The president, Vice President Joe Biden and other campaign surrogates plan to hold up the booklet at rallies as they barnstorm swing states in the final two weeks before Election Day on Nov. 6.
( Also on POLITICO: Media: Obama in fighting mood)
The campaign says 3.5 million copies are being printed, with 1.5 million of those being sent to field offices.
"We're launching a full-scale, multiplatform organizational effort," a campaign official said, "that will include direct mail, advertisements and distribution at field offices to ensure every voter knows what a second term of an Obama presidency would mean for middle-class Americans.
"The president, vice president and all of our surrogates will hold up the plan at events and ask our massive grass-roots network to do everything they can to share the plan with their family, friends, neighbors, co-workers and others to reach every undecided voter in the remaining days of this election and ensure they understand the choice between continuing to move America forward and going back to the same policies that devastated our economy and punished the middle class."
( PHOTOS: Sunday endorsements and more)
A distilled version of the plan was available previously on the Web at www.barackobama.com/plans.
Here are links to Obama's booklet:
—" Manufacturing" and "Energy" —" Small Businesses" and "Education" —" Tax Plan" and "Health Care" —" Retirement" and "Moving America Forward" — Back cover
( See also: The latest presidential polls)
Obama on Tuesday released his version of "Morning in America," a 60-second spot, called "Determination," that will air in seven states — Colorado, Florida, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Ohio, Virginia and Wisconsin.


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Stormy seas and heavy rain have forced event organizers to call a second, consecutive lay day for the Rip Curl Pro Search.
Stop No. 9 of 10 on the 2009 ASP World Tour, the Rip Curl Pro Search experienced bigger waves on offer this morning but opted not to run due to the poor quality of the conditions. With eight days remaining in the waiting period, event organizers have optioned to activate the new competition format, featuring elimination, man-on-man heats from the outset.
"We're obviously off this morning with victory-at-sea conditions and heavy winds," Damien Hardman, Rip Curl Pro Search Contest Director, said. "The winds are heavy out of the Southwest at the moment that are projected to go heavy Northwest by 10am so it is onshore all day. This is the supposed to be the worst day for weather so we'll be back in 8am tomorrow morning to reassess conditions."
Heat 1: Tim Boal (FRA) vs. Jihad Khodr (BRA)
Heat 2: Heitor Alves (BRA) vs. David Weare (ZAF)
Heat 3: Tiago Pires (PRT) vs. Nathaniel Curran (USA)
Heat 4: Ben Dunn (AUS) vs. Phillip MacDonald (AUS)
Heat 5: Michel Bourez (PYF) vs. Marlon Lipke (DEU)
Heat 6: Chris Davidson (AUS) vs. Patrick Gudauskas (USA)
Heat 7: Kekoa Bacalso (HAW) vs. Owen Wright (AUS)
Heat 8: Kai Otton (AUS) vs. David Luis (PRT)
Heat 9: Dean Morrison (AUS) vs. Justin Mujica (PRT)
Heat 10: Mick Campbell (AUS) vs. Bruno Santos (BRA)
Heat 11: Chris Ward (USA) vs. Michael Picon (FRA)
Heat 12: Roy Powers (HAW) vs. Dayyan Neve (AUS)
Heat 13: Tim Reyes (USA) vs. Jay Thompson (AUS)
Heat 14: Josh Kerr (AUS) vs. Nic Muscroft (AUS)
Heat 15: Greg Emslie (ZAF) vs. Aritz Aranburu (EUK)
Heat 16: Dustin Barca (HAW) vs. Drew Courtney (AUS)
Heat 1: C.J. Hobgood (USA) vs. TBA
Heat 2: Jordy Smith (ZAF) vs. TBA
Heat 3: Tom Whitaker (AUS) vs. TBA
Heat 4: Bede Durbidge (AUS) vs. TBA
Heat 5: Bobby Martinez (USA) vs. TBA
Heat 6: Taylor Knox (USA) vs. TBA
Heat 7: Adrian Buchan (AUS) vs. TBA
Heat 8: Joel Parkinson (AUS) vs. TBA
Heat 9: Kelly Slater (USA) vs. TBA
Heat 10: Dane Reynolds (USA) vs. TBA
Heat 11: Taj Burrow (AUS) vs. TBA
Heat 12: Damien Hobgood (USA) vs. TBA
Heat 13: Mick Fanning (AUS) vs. TBA
Heat 14: Fredrick Patacchia (HAW) vs. TBA
Heat 15: Adriano de Souza (BRA) vs. TBA
Heat 16: Kieren Perrow (AUS) vs. TBA


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Coffee Innovators: ZPM Espresso and the Affordable Home Espresso Machine
Compared with home cooks, home baristas have historically had the odds against 'em. I mean, sure restaurants have big industrial ovens and hot plates and counter space in their favor, but with some exceptions there's really almost nothing that can be created in a commercial kitchen that you can't re-create at home. (El Bulli–style stuff aside, of course.)
If you want to make decent espresso at home, however, you'd better expect to drop some major cash on a bulky and complicated piece of equipment with a huge footprint and a meager pressure profile.
Until now, at least: Thanks to Kickstarter.com and a pair of gear-head childhood friends: Gleb Polyakov and Igor Zamlinsky, the brains behind upstart affordable-espresso-machine manufacturing project ZPM, which may very well revolutionize your morning macchiato (and keep some moola in your wallet).
Gleb and Zamlinsky have been steeped (brewed?) in coffee culture since their teenaged days: "In high school we hung out at coffee shops a lot, and coffee shops are still our favorite third places," Polyakov says.
"When we started going to college, we started making our own espresso machines. We had a couple of old ones we found on eBay for like $50, and we've been modifying and building on them since. We started off just tinkering, making small modifications and changing this and that, adding PID control. We were both nerds and liked playing around with science and technology," Polyakov admits.
Where 23-year-old Polyakov's experience is in physics and finance, Zamlinsky, 25, is an experienced roboticist; together they're also espresso fanatics on a mission: "About a year ago [Igor and I] were talking about starting a business together," Polyakov continues, "and we realized we had a coffee machine that we could make affordably and really well that had features that people really wanted to see."
Affordability was key to the buddies, who realized they could create a highly temperature-stable machine with pressure-profiling capability by manufacturing a solid thermoblock heating system (in place of the typical boiler and heating element system) and syncing it to a keenly sensitive PID, or temperature-controller. By designing the equipment with largely off-the-shelf parts, ZPM has been able to keep estimated costs down to around $400 retail, as opposed to the $700 to $1,000 most "prosumer" or serious home espresso machines ring in at.
The only potential problem now is that the project was almost too enthusiastically backed: Despite a modest initial goal of 100 machine orders and a fund-raising total of $20,000, ZPM wracked up more than $330,000 from nearly 1,500 backers (not to mention a total of 1,200 pre-ordered machines). Now, with parts manufacturers to source and a potential machine shop to design and build in their home base of Atlanta, GA, Polyakov and Zamlinsky are shooting for an early-spring release of the first batch of backer-claimed units.
Collaboration—and not just of a financial nature—is the name of ZPM's game, as well, but you won't have to be a rocket scientist (or a physicist, or a mechanical engineer) to make a decent shot of espresso on the duo's contraption. "It has a big LCD screen on there with friendly numbers an large buttons, we don't have any complicated Excel spreadsheets that you have to mess around with," Polyakov says. "The thing we're looking to do now is partner with different roasters, learning about their specific blends of beans and coming up with a particular pressure profile for their blends and their particular roasts, and creating a database of them. We'll also have a user form so users can exchange information. It's all open source: Users are encouraged to go in and make changes and different improvements, to share what they learn."
And as long as any of you backers share one of those affordable homemade espressos with me when you get your machine, consider me a wholehearted supporter.
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