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Pharmaceutical preparations containing cyclodextrin derivatives
The invention comprises pharmaceutical preparations consisting generally of a drug with a substantially low water solubility and an amorphous, water-soluble cyclodextrin-based mixtures. In these preparations a stable amorphous state can be achieved. This improves the dissolution properties of the drug and hence its absorption by the body. The required cyclodextrin-based mixtures were prepared from .alpha.-, .beta.-, or .gamma.-cyclodextrin which were rendered amorphous through non-selective alkylation. The alkylation agents suitable for that purposes are exemplified by propylene oxide, glycidol, iodoacetamide, chloroacetate, or 2-diethylaminoethylchloride; their reactions with cyclodextrins were performed in a manner to yield mixtures containing many components, a circumstance which effectively prevents crystallization processes within the above pharmaceutical preparation.
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This invention comprises pharmaceutical preparations consisting generally of a drug with a substantially low water solubility and an amorphous, water-soluble cyclodextrin-based mixtures. In these preparations a stable amorphous state can be achieved and that improves the dissolution properties of the drug and hence its absorption by the body. The required cyclodextrin-based mixtures were prepared from .alpha., .beta.-, or .gamma.-cyclodextrin which were rendered amorphous through non-selective alkylation. The alkylation agents suitable for that purpose are exemplified by propylene oxide, glycidol, iodoacetamide, chloroacetate, or 2-diethylaminoethylchloride; their reactions with cyclodextrins were performed in a manner to yield mixtures containing many components, a circumstance which effectively prevents crystallization processes within the above pharmaceutical preparation.
This method of improvement of pharmaceutical preparation comprises the addition of crystalline drugs with substantialy low solubility to compounds which have the following characteristics: (a) are water-soluble cyclodextrins, (b) have the ability to form inclusion complexes with the drugs in question, (c) are intrinsically amorphous and substantially decrease the tendency of the drug to crystallize. The above addition results in an improved solubility of the drug composition in question and more efficient absorption of the drug by the body.
The parent cyclodextrins are converted by alkylation with, e.g., epoxides or organic halides into mixtures of substituted cyclodextrins. These mixtures of cyclodextrin derivatives, after separation from contaminating products of self-condensation of epoxides or halides, are used as such, i.e., without separation into the individual cyclodextrin derivatives. Use of such water-soluble mixtures of cyclodextrin derivatives in pharmaceutical preparations enables stabilization of the amorphous state and leads to better absorption of drugs by a body.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention is directed to the method of conversion of drug compositions which themselves are crystalline and of low water-solubility into intrinsically amorphous complexes which have improved pharmaceutical properties. This conversion is achieved by inclusion of the above drug compositions into water-soluble, multicomponent mixtures of cyclodextrin derivatives. More particularly, the invention is related to copending application Ser. No. 603,839 which concerned cyclodextrins and sex hormones.MATERIAL INFORMATION DISCLOSURE
Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligomers of glucose; these compounds form inclusion complexes with any drug whose molecule can fit into the lipophile-seeking cavities of the cyclodextrin molecule. Cyclodextrins are crystalline and so are their complexes with drugs, and these complexes have somewhat improved water solubilities compared to the drugs themselves. The latter improvements are the subject of reviews and of numerous patents (J. Szejtli, "Cyclodextrins and Their Inclusion Complexes," Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 1982, pp. 204-232; J. Pitha, L. Szente, and J. Szejtli, "Molecular Encapsulation of Drugs by Cyclodextrins and Congeners," in Controlled Drug Deliver, S. D. Bruck, ed., CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1983, pp. 125-148).
Chemical modifications of cyclodextrins have been widely performed; with a few exceptions nevertheless the aim was preparation of another individual crystalline compound (M. L. Bender and M. Komiyama, "Cyclodextrin Chemistry," Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1978, pp. 29-32). Condensation reactions of cyclodextrins with various epoxides or organic halides yielding compounds which are principally similar to those presently used have been known: (1) electroneutral, soluble cyclodextrin derivatives were described by Parmerter et al, U.S. Pat. No. 3,453,259, July 1969; Gramera et al, U.S. Pat. No. 3,459,731, Aug. 1969; (2) cationic, soluble cyclodextrin derivatives were described by Parmerter et al, U.S. Pat. No. 3,453,257, July 1969; and (3) insoluble, crosslinked cyclodextrins were described by Solms, U.S. Pat. No. 3,420,788, Jan. 1969. The above mixtures have not been used to obtain amorphous and water-soluble pharmaceutical preparations. Water-insoluble (crosslinked) polymers of .beta.-cyclodextrins were previously tested as tableting additives (E. Fenyvesi, et al, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 32:665, 1984; E. Fenyvesi, et al, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 32:670, 1984). Furthermore, crosslinked .alpha. -cyclodextrin was previously used in the preparation of sustained-release formulation of penicillin (Japanese Kokai Tokkyo Koho Patent No. 82-130914).SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Dissolution properties of drugs may be improved by their conversion to an amorphous state or by complexation with cyclodextrins. The present invention combines these two improvements: described is the preparation and use of mixtures of cyclodextrin derivatives which are intrinsically amorphous, water-soluble, and capable of forming inclusion complexes with drugs. These cyclodextrin mixtures effectively solubilize lipophilic drugs into aqueous media. The solutions of these cyclodextrin mixtures are non-irritating topically and in difference to the solutions of cyclodextrins themselves do not support microbial growth. Thus, these compounds are well suited as additives/solubilizers in topical preparations. The solutions of the above cyclodextrin mixtures furthermore have very low toxicity, both systemic and local, when applied parenterally. Thus, they are well suited as additives for parenteral preparations. Furthermore, when solutions of these cyclodextrin mixtures are saturated with drugs and then evaporated or freeze-dried, solids are obtained which dissolve easily and completely and are stable for an extended period of time. These solids can be either directly tableted to yield products well suited for oral or buccal administration or processed into suppositories.
The cyclodextrin additives may be utilized in weight percent of usually about 40-60% of the drug solution composition and may be utilized from about 5-95% of the drug solution composition. Actual working models of the cyclodextrin derivatives are set out in Table 1, which shows some of the preferred as 40-50% of the drug solution composition.
TABLE 1 __________________________________________________________________________ Solubilization of Various Drugs Solubility in Solubility in solubilizer solution Drug water (mg/ml) Solubilizer.sup.1 (conc. in water) Solubility (mg/ml) __________________________________________________________________________ acetamidophen 11 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 67.0) apomorphine 20 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 116.0 butylated hydroxytoluene insoluble hydroxypropyl-.alpha.-cyclodextrin 0.3%) butylated hydroxytoluene insoluble hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 3.0%) butylated hydroxytoluene insoluble hydroxypropyl-.gamma.-cyclodextrin 0.2%) chlorthalidone 0.12 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 10.5) cholecalciferol <0.23 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 10.0) dexamethasone 0.1 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 24.0) dicumarol <0.15 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 1.3%) digoxin 0.07.sup.2 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 45.0) diphenylhydantoin 0.03.sup.2 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 1.7%) estradiol <1.6 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 28.0) estradiol <1.6 carboxamidomethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 25.0) estradiol <1.6 carboxymethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 10.0) estriol <1.3 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 41.0) ethinylestradiol-3-methyl ether <1.5 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 27.0) ethisterone <0.2 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 0.5%) furosemide 0.07.sup.2 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 1.7%) hydroflumethiazide 0.3 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 9.3%) indomethacin 0.02.sup.2 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 4.2%) iproniazid phosphate 30 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 95.0) 17-methyltestosterone <0.17 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 39.0) nitroglycerin 1.25 hydroxypropyl-.alpha.-cyclodextrin 8.7%) nitroglycerin 1.25 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin.sup.1 10.4) nitroglycerin 1.25 hydroxypropyl-.gamma.-cyclodextrin 9.8%) norethindrone 2.5 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 6.8%) oubain 13 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 80.0) oxprenolol 127 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 238.0 progesterone 0.015.sup.3 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 34.0) retinal <0.07 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 2.6%) retinoic acid, all trans <0.07 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 0.8%) retinoic acid, choline salt of hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 18.8) all trans retinoic acid, ethanolamine salt hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin (40%) 28.4 of all trans ethanolamine (1%) retinoic acid, sodium salt of hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 1.6%) all trans retinol <0.10 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 5.5%) spironolactone 0.03.sup.2 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 42.0) sulpiride <0.21 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 10.0) testosterone 0.026.sup.3 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 38.0) testosterone 0.026.sup.3 carboxamidomethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 24.0) testosterone 0.026.sup.3 carboxymethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 30.0) theophylline 8.3 hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 11.0) acyclovir insoluble hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 2.5%) cloridine hydrochloride hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 83.0) testosterone 0.026.sup.3 dihydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin 25.0) __________________________________________________________________________ .sup.1 Degrees of substitution of solubilizers used: hydroxypropyl.beta.-cyclodextrin and homologs, 6-7; diethylaminoethyl.beta.-cyclodextrin, 3.5; carboxymethyl.beta.-cyclodextrin, 4; carboxamidomethyl.beta.-cyclodextrin 3. .sup.2 Data from K. Uekama, Pharmacology International, 61-65 (1985). .sup.3 Data from J. Brotherton, Sex Hormone Pharmacology, Academic Press, New York (1976), p. 36.DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
FIGS. 1(A and B) shows the activity of derivatives of cyclodextrins on the forearm with a band-aid patch showing lack of topical irritation. On the left is a photograph of the forearm with band-aid patches wetted with isotonic solutions in water of AL16 (carboxamidomethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin), AL11 (carboxymethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin), M146 (hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin), and SzA59/2 (diethylaminoethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin). On the right is the forearm after band-aids were removed after 18 hours of exposure.
FIG. 2 shows the dissolution of testosterone from a tablet made from testosterone/hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin complex (--0--) or from a tablet made from testosterone-microcrystalline cellulose (--.quadrature.--).PREPARATION OF CYCLODEXTRIN MIXTURES
Suitability of cyclodextrins as pharmaceutical additives/solubilizers can be considerably improved if these are converted to mixtures of derivatives which are highly soluble and retain the capacity to form inclusion complexes with drugs. Such mixtures may be prepared by alkylation reactions which lack chemoselectivity and stereoselectivity and introduce hydrophilic substituents. In the examples are shown such alkylations.
Tables 1-3 below show solubility or dissolution of various compounds under option of cyclodextrin derivatives.
Systemic and Local Toxicity of Cyclodextrin Derivatives
The lack of topical irritation of the above cyclodextrin derivatives was tested by wetting a band-aid with their isotonic solutions and by application of that band-aid to the forearm for about 18 hours. The representative results can be seen in FIG. 1.
The lack of parenteral toxicity of the above cyclodextrin derivatives was tested by intraperitoneal injection into mice; the following results were obtained.
(a) Two different preparations of hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin were tested. The first preparation (degree of substitution 6), in doses of 10 g/kg, was without lethal effects (4 animals). The second preparation (degree of substitution 8), at 6.3 g/kg, resulted in 2 deaths (after 4 days) and 1 surviving animal; at 3.2 g/kg all 4 animals survived.
(b) Diethylaminoethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin at 4.7 g/kg--1 death (after 4 hrs) and 2 surviving animals; at 2.4 g/kg all 3 animals survived.
(c) Carboxymethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin at 3.8 g/kg--no deaths, 3 surviving animals.
(d) Carboxamidomethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin at 6.9 g/kg--2 deaths, 1 surviving animal; at 3.5 g/kg all 4 animals survived.
The lack of oral toxicity of hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin in mice was documented in patent application Ser No. 603,839 filed April 25, 1984, by Pitha.
Dissolution Effects of Cyclodextrin Derivatives
Effectiveness of cyclodextrin derivatives in assisting dissolution of drugs is satisfactory if (a) a substantial part of the drug molecule can be fitted into the hydrophobic cavity of the cyclodextrin molecule, and (b) the same part of the drug molecule is hydrophobic. Since thee principles were established previously (see Material Information Disclosure section), the present efforts have been directed to dividing drugs into categories according to their steric bulk and documenting the usefulness of the present method for a few representatives of every category.
Improved Absorption of Drugs from the Preparations Described Above
The principal improvement of absorption of a drug by a body accompanying the conversion of a drug from a crystalline state into an amorphous state is generally recognized.
TABLE 2 ______________________________________ Solubilities of Steroids (mg/ml) in 50% Aqueous Solutions of Hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin Samples With Different Degrees of Substitution (d.s.) d.s. 4.7 d.s. 5.7 d.s. 7.0 d.s. 14 ______________________________________ Estradiol 30 35 26 18 Progesterone 30 44 35 23 Testosterone 56 62 40 23 ______________________________________
TABLE 3 ______________________________________ Solubilities of Steroids (mg/ml) in 50% Aqueous Solutions of Substituted Cyclodextrins Diethyl- Carboxamido- aminoethyl- Carboxymethyl .beta.-cyclodextrin .beta.-cyclodextrin .beta.-cyclodextrin ______________________________________ Estradiol 28 8 14 Progesterone 38 18 14 Testosterone 24 9 24 ______________________________________EXAMPLE 1
Preparation of hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin
Sodium hydroxide (105.7 g, 2.64 moles) was dissolved in 750 ml of distilled water and to this solution was added .beta.-cyclodextrin (346.4 g of commercial preparation containing 13.4% of water; i.e., 300 g of anhydrous compound corresponding to 0.264 moles). Suspension was stirred at 60.degree. C. until all .gamma.-cyclodextrin was dissolved. Thereafter solution was cooled to room temperature and reflux condenser, filled with dry ice-acetone mixture, was attached. Then propylene oxide (redistilled; 185 ml; i.e., 153.5 g corresponding to 2.64 moles) was added, in fast manner but with necessary cautions, to the stirred solution. After addition of propylene oxide, the solution was stirred overnight at room temperature. Thereafter, the alkaline solution was neutralized by concentrated hydrochloric acid and evaporated in vacuo to the consistency of thick syrup. The syrup was dissolved in ethanol (1.5 L) and left standing to precipitate sodium chloride which was subsequently filtered off. The ethanolic solution was evaporated in vacuo and the rest was dissolved in water. The solution was enclosed in dialysis tubing and dialyzed for 2-3 hours against water. The dialyzed solution was then clarified by centrifugation and freeze-dried. The resulting white powder (282 g) contained 5.2% water (measured by weight loss), 0.65% of inorganic residue (by ashing), and 0.87% of chloride (elementary analysis). Upon prolonged standing water content increased to 7-8% but appearance of the compound (white powder) was not changed. By prolonged trituration of this powder with acetone, the products of self-condensation of propylene oxide, which contaminate the desired hydroxypropyl- .beta.-cyclodextrin, can be removed. The degree of substitution of the cyclodextrin moiety achieved in the above reaction was about 7; by variation of the amounts of reagents the substitution degrees were manipulated. Further or alternative purification of hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin consisted in the preparation of clear solutions of the raw material in water or ethanol and addition of large volumes of a nonpolar solvent (e.g., acetone) which precipitated the desired solid hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin, whereas highly substituted cyclodextrins and products of self-condensation of propylene oxide remained in the solution from which they can be recovered by evaporation, leaving oily liquid. In a representative experiment, precipitation yielded 81% of the desired solid hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin (degree of substitution 7 by nuclear magnetic resonance and 8.02 by mass spectroscopy) and 18% of oily liquid containing also hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin (degree of substitution 16 by nuclear magnetic resonance and 11 3 by mass spectrometry). When condensation of propylene oxide with .gamma.-cyclodextrin was performed with a high ratio of the former to the latter, products were precipitable by cyclohexane but not by acetone and were semi-solid liquids (degree of substitution 14 by nuclear magnetic resonance).EXAMPLE 2
Related preparations: O-alkylation of cyclodextrins with epoxides
Basically the same conditions as above were used also for condensation of .alpha.- or .gamma.-cyclodextrins with propylene oxide; degrees of substitution achieved (by nuclear magnetic resonance) were close to those described above.EXAMPLE 3
Related preparations: O-alkylation of cyclodextrins with organic halides.
The procedures analogous to those above were also used for condensation of .beta.-cyclodextrin with the following hydrophilic alkylating agents: (a) diethylaminoethylchloride-hydrochloride yielding diethylaminoethyl- .beta.-cyclodextrin; the degree of substitution in the product was about 3.5 (calculated from nitrogen content), (b) chloroacetic acid yielding carboxymethyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin; the degree of substitution in the product was about 4 (calculated from sodium content), (c) iodoacetamide yielding carboxamidomethyl- .beta.-cyclodextrin; the degree of substitution in the product was about 3 (calculated from nitrogen content).EXAMPLE 4
The solutions of solubilizer in water were saturated by stirring with excess of drug at room temperature for about 24 hours. The resulting suspensions were clarified either by filtration through a sintered glass filter or by centrifugation. Concentration of hormones in clarified solutions was measured spectrophotometrically. Representative results are given in Table 1, ante. In these experiments drugs were solubilized with cyclodextrin derivatives with constant degrees of substitution and which are given in the footnote to Table 1. In Table 2 are the results on the solubilization of sex hormones with hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin samples of different degrees of substitution. It is apparent that samples of hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin with medium degrees of substitution (5-7) are more effective solubilizers than those of higher degrees of substitution. It should be noted that while the former derivatives are solid and suitable for tableting purposes, the latter are semisolids or liquids. The results on the solubilization of sex hormones by cyclodextrin derivatives containing carboxamido or diethylaminoethyl or carboxymethyl substituents are summarized in Table 3. It is apparent that the carboxamido methyl derivative is a relatively potent solubilizer; nevertheless, comparison with the results in Table 2 show that the potency of hydroxypropyl containing derivatives has not been surpassed.EXAMPLE 5
The above solutions of drugs in cyclodextrin derivatives were stable when kept at room temperature for several months and no microbial growth on the solutions was observed. When freeze-dried, the solutions which were prepared using solid derivatives of cyclodextrins again yielded non-hygroscopic, stable powders which were found suitable for tableting by direct compression. The tablets prepared in such a manner again dissolved completely in water as documented by Example 6.EXAMPLE 6
Using a die of 0.9 cm diameter and a force of 3000 pounds weight exerted in a single-station hand-operated unit, the tablets were made directly from the freeze-dried solutions of drugs prepared as described above. In one such experiment tablets weighing about 130 mg and containing 10 mg of testosterone in complexed form were made. These tablets were stored for up to 16 months at room temperature in a well-closed glass container without any deterioration and were thereafter tested for dissolution properties. In the dissolution experiments a tablet was submerged in a basket made out of stainless steel mesh in a bath of water, at 20 C and sink conditions. As noted in FIG. 2, the complexed testosterone tablets dissolved completely with 4 minutes, whereas similar tablets prepared from testosterone and microcrystalline cellulose did not release practically any testosterone into the aqueous phase.
The term "mixture of substituted amorphous cyclodextrins" is directed towards where there is more than one cyclodextrin and where there is more than one degree of substitution which will vary from a preferred range of about 3 to about 7.
1. A method of producing a stablizing amorphous complex of a drug and a mixture of cyclodextrins which comprises the steps of:
- 1. Dissolving an intrinsically amorphous mixture of cyclodextrin deratives which are water soluble and capable of forming inclusion complexes with drugs in water; and
- 2. Solublizing lipophilic drugs into the aqueous media to form a solution and form a solublized drug/cyclodextrin complex.
2. A method of claim 1 wherein the solubilized complex is subjected to freeze-dried or evaporation to provide a solid cyclodextrin/drug complex in powder form.
3. A method of claim 1 wherein cyclodextrins used are substituted by at least one of the following substituents: hydroalkyl, carboxamide, diethylaminoethyl, carboxymethyl, and carboxyamidomethyl.
4. A method of claim 1 wherein the drug is a hormone.
5. A method of claim 4 wherein the drug is testosterone, an estrogen, or a progesterone.
6. A composition of matter which contains an amorphous complex of cylodextrin and a drug.
7. A omposition of matter of claim 6 wherein the drug is a hormone.
8. A composition of claim 6 wherein the drug is at least one of testosterone, progesterone, and an estrogenic drug.
9. A composition of matter of claim 6 in solid form.
10. A composition of matter of claim 9 which is a tablet.
11. A composition of matter of claim 6 which is in a liquid or semi-liquid form.
12. A composition of matter for use in the process of claim 1 containing a mixture of substituted cyclodextrin derivatives in amorphous form.
13. A composition of matter of claim 6 wherein the drug is a vitamin.
14. A composition of matter of claim 6 wherein the drug is a salt of retinoic acid.
15. A composition of matter of claim 6 wherein the drug is a steroid.
16. A composition of matter of claim 6 wherein the drug is a spironolactone.
17. A composition of matter of claim 6 wherein the drug is an antiviral agent.
18. A composition of matter of claim 17 wherein the antiviral agent is acylovir.
19. A composition of matter of claim 6 wherein the drug is a diuretic.
20. A composition of matter of claim 19 wherein the diuretic is chlorthalidone.
21. A composition of matter of claim 6 wherein the drug is an anticoagulant.
22. A composition of matter of claim 21 wherein the anticoagulant is dicumerol.
23. A composition of matter of claim 6 wherein the drug is an anticonvulsant
24. A composition of matter of claim 23 wherein the drug is diphenylhydantoin.
25. A composition of matter of claim 6 wherein the drug is an antiinflammatory agent.
26. A composition of matter of claim 25 wherein the antiinflammatory agent is iproniazid.
27. A composition of matter of claim 16 wherein the drug is oxyprenolol.
28. A composition of matter in solid or semi-solid form comprising at least one of testosterone, progesterone, and estradiol as an inclusion complex with poly-.beta.-cylodextin and/or hydroxypropyl-.beta.-cyclodextrin adapted for administration by buccal route.
|March 1958
|Schlenk et al.
|January 1969
|July 1969
|Parmerter et al.
|July 1969
|Parmerter et al.
|August 1969
|Gramera et al.
|April 19, 1983
|Szejtli et al.
|May 17, 1983
|June 18, 1985
|Szejtli et al.
|November 26, 1985
|June 24, 1986
|August 1982
|October 1976
|March 1983
- Fenyvesi et al., Water-Soluble Cyclodextrin Polymersing I. Int. Symposium on Cyclodextrins, p. 345 (Budapest, 1981). Maeno, Liquid Crystal Element and Its Use, Chem. Abstracts, 87: 144000u (1977). Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Inclusion Compound of Medroxyprogesterone . . . and B-Cyclodextrin, Chem. Abstracts, 98: 8163z (1982). Uekama et al., Inclusion Complexation of Steroid Hormones with Cyclodextrins . . . , Chem. Abstracts, 96: 149046j (1982). J. Szejtli, "Cyclodextrins and Their Inclusion Complexes", Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 1982, pp. 204-232. J. Pitha, L. Szente and J. Szejtli, "Molecular Encapsulation of Drugs by Cyclodextrins and Congeners", in Controlled Drug Deliver, S. D. Bruck, ed., CRC Press, 1983, pp. 125-148. M. L. Bender and M. Komiyama, "Cyclodextrin Chemistry," Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1978, pp. 29-32. E. Fenyvesi et al, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 32:665, 1984. E. Fenyvesi et al, Chem. Pharm. Bull., 32:670, 1984.
Type: Grant
Filed: May 29, 1985
Date of Patent: Feb 23, 1988
Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Department of Health and Human Services (Washington, DC)
Inventor: Josef Pitha (Baltimore, MD)
Primary Examiner: Ronald W. Griffin
Attorney: John S. Roberts, Jr.
Application Number: 6/738,749
International Classification: A61K 3170; C08B 3716;


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The recent Citizens Police Review Board public hearing and subsequent work session was nothing short of entertaining. Outside of Bill Easley's cantankerous rant and Marlon Jordan's "klan" theatrics, the public hearing was moving. The overwhelming majority of the nearly 80 in attendance, and the 15 or 20 folks who addressed the board in 3 minute increments, were there to ask that the board reject the changes proposed by Chief Burton and the Columbia Police Officers Association. [See our previous blog on the proposed changes] There were a handful of seats occupied by current and former police officers or police volunteers, two of whom addressed the board in support of Chief Burton and the CPOA, but there were no civilians who voiced approval for the ordinance change.
When the public hearing came to a close, after a 30 minute extension, the board's work session began with an invitation for Chief Burton and CPOA representatives, Eric Dearmont and Ashley Cuttle to take a seat on the stage. Much to the chagrin of the citizens in the crowd, public comment was stifled as these three were given unlimited time to rebut and refute any and all input from the public.
It is important to note that while the Chief is a public employee and an argument could be made for him having a seat in the work session, neither Eric Dearmont nor Ashley Cuttle are public employees and are instead paid employees of the CPOA. The CPOA, while comprised of citizens employed as police officers and attorneys hired to represent them, is not a public entity. It is a private organization, not subject to sunshine laws or official public scrutiny. In reality, the CPOA is no different than any of the other reputable organizations that were in attendance at the hearing and limited to only 3 minutes of input each.
The message sent by allowing the CPOA unlimited and unrebutted input into the proceedings is undeniable. The review board has been labeled as sympathetic to the police since its inception, and allowing the CPOA a bully pulpit at a work session only serves to bolster the label. The reaction from the crowd in attendance was also undeniable as eruptions of vocal discord periodically interrupted the work sessions with shouts of "bullshit" (disguised as sneezes) and loud demands for public rebuttal to the misleading and outright false claims made by both the Chief and the CPOA.
In an interesting turn, one board member, Susan Smith, who this blogger previously derided as a police stooge, heroically stood her ground against the unencumbered onslaught from Chief Burton and the CPOA, and forcefully repelled the attack with well reasoned arguments. This180 degree about face caused several jaws to drop in the audience. It was a truly pivotal moment as Ms. Smith informed the Chief that it was the City Council and not the CPRB who had already ruled on who might have standing in front of the board so asking for another change would be futile. Not only had the City Council ruled on standing, they had broadened the scope of who can file a complaint after the board suggested it be tightened. Smith made it clear that the board would not be making the same request twice. Ms. Smith went on to point out the many holes in how the Chief described the board's rulings. Kudos to you, Ms. Smith.
There were two more vocal heroes who piped up during the work session. Betty Wilson continued her stalwart support of the citizenry as she made it clear that she was having none of what the Chief and the CPOA were offering. Even Rose Wibbenmeyer, in her role as city legal council for the board, pointed out why a charter city like Columbia does not need to adhere to State definitions of misconduct and went on to refute several other disingenuous legal arguments made by Eric Dearmont. Rose maintained her professional distance and did not offer an opinion,merely facts.
Even newcomer and former LAPD officer, Roger Dowis, challenged a few of the Chief's points, seemingly finding his voice on the board. Strangely, many for the other board members spoke only once, or for procedural rules of order, or not at all.
Enjoy a few videos from the hearing, most of which are courtesy of the amazing folks over at Citizens for Justice.


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Thursday, May 26, 2011
Tom Mullen's Blog Has Moved!
If you are looking for new articles by Tom Mullen, they can be found at his new website at http://www.tommullen.net/. All new posts since the February 2011 launch, as well as all previous posts, can be found there. Thank you for your interest and support.
Posted by Tom Mullen at 5:02 PM No comments:
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This series is hitting a nice stride now. The first two issues were a little wobbly, but with the Hall of Justice reduced to a pile of smoking rubble and a quartet of silent, giant robots appearing across the globe, Dan Jurgens is able to focus on the "Justice League" part of this book, and he throws some action at the heroes.
Like the more memorable Justice League of America stories from yesteryear, this issue breaks the team up into smaller pairings and sends each of them off on an adventure of their own. The pairings of Booster and Batman, Rocket Red and Ice, Fire and Vixen, and August General in Iron and Godiva each go into action to investigate the mysterious origins of the giants. In setting up the story this way, Jurgens gives himself a chance to spend a little more quality time with each character and begins to cobble together some personalities for these characters. There aren't any astonishing surprises in the characters' appearances, actions, or dialog, and Jurgens nicely gives each character a distinct voice. Adjunct JLI member Guy Gardner also gets some time in this issue as well, but mostly as the hothead we all recall him to be.
Aaron Lopresti's art in this issue is a keen match for the story. This issue has superheroes being heroic, and in doing so, they give Lopresti lots of fun, big scenes to draw. Lopresti does not disappoint, and fills all of those scenes with splendid detail. Lopresti's expressions are well suited to a book bearing the "JLI" title, and in this issue he loosens some of those expressions up a little bit more, adding even more fun to this story.
I do have one gripe with the art, though. With Booster Gold's new outfit, for whatever reason, my mind keeps finishing him off as Triumph. I'm pretty sure that's due largely to the change-up in the headpiece and the teal hue of the blue section of the suit.
Despite that, Booster Gold does, however, hold his own in this issue, helping Batman as the Dark Knight tries to unearth the secrets of the giants. Jurgens could easily turn Booster into the clown everyone seems to (still) expect him to be, but with gruff encouragement from Batman, Booster seems to be growing as a hero and a leader in this title right before our very eyes.
Travis Lanham's lettering makes a pretty big leap forward in this issue too. The character tags spread throughout the issue are bigger and bolder, drawing the reader's attention just long enough to share the necessary bits of information for each character -- their name and identity. Additionally, Lanham provides some haunting gibberish for the subterranean characters the League encounters. These are nice little tweaks that add to the title.
Plain and simple: this is a fun book. Jurgens and Lopresti continue to explore the new world of these Justice Leaguers, and they're bringing some new threats to the sandbox. The odd mix of characters is starting to develop nicely and there are some gems starting to shine, so I'm looking forward to more, especially with an axe swinging baddie waiting to take on the team.


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Three hours east of Phoenix, people are experiencing cooler weather and good eats at the Show Low Main Street Farmers' Market & Art Walk.
"We opened up the market in 2010, so we're getting ready to finish our fifth season," said Steve North, who oversees the Farmers' Market & Art Walk.
The 2014 season kicked off on May 24 and has been going strong every Saturday with the last day being Sept. 27.
"When shoppers do come out to our market, what they can expect to see is over 60 vendors each week, selling a wide variety of products," North said.
The vendors come from all over Arizona and New Mexico.
"We have local produce growers. We have local food product producers," North said. "We have jams and jellies, breads, cookies, pies and things like that."
Other products people can expect to see at the Festival Marketplace in downtown Show Low include grass-fed beef and worm castings that help stimulate plant growth.
But food isn't the only thing drawing people to the event.
Handmade art work is also on display from wine bottle holders to jewelry and paintings.
"We're really looking at this not only is this an event that brings people to downtown Show Low, which is really what Show Low Main Street is all about, but from the business development perspective, it's really an opportunity for us to cultivate new business," North said.
If interested in finding out more information about the Show Low Main Street Farmers' Market & Art Walk or becoming a vendor, visit their Facebook page, www.showlowmainstreet.org, or call 928-532-4124.


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When it comes to food, diversity is as important as taste. Our taste buds demand variety. This explains why many of us explore different cuisines. In India, Italian, Thai and Chinese cuisines have found an eager audience. In the recent years, the bold flavours of the Chinese cuisine won many of us over.
There is no city in this country today that does not boast of a decent Chinese eatery. The cuisine is also popular with people from all walks of life. With its liberal use of spices and sauces, it surely packs a punch and offers a deeply satisfying experience.
At Paradise, we have introduced several Chinese dishes over the years. Our Ginger Prawns and Garlic Fish are popular, and so are our Chicken Hakka Noodles and Paradise Special Fried Rice. It is not just a non-vegetarian affair though; we also have some great vegetarian dishes.
It comes with the Paradise promise of high-quality ingredients and uncompromising hygiene. Enjoy delicious Chinese cuisine at our Restaurants at Secunderabad, Hitec City, NTR Gardens, Kukatpally and Begumpet. Eat well or as the Chinese say "Chia̍h hok".


text: The original aim of this site was, among other things, to attract visitors to my Hungry Kids International page. But there are additional layers of purpose here. One is to have a forum for introducing you to some of my favorite people, books, authors, and interests. As a writer I was also seeking to share some of the bi-products of my creative energy. Another is to have fun. Whatever your aim in being here, thanks for dropping by.


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We believe that all students deserve an educational experience that allows them to truly be alive. They are actively engaged, utilizing their thinking to solve problems, to listen to others ideas, and respect one another as individuals.
We will continue to build upon the progress made at Jackson and work collaboratively to model reflective learning practice and continuous growth.
Instructional Plan
Focus on High Quality Instruction The 3 factors of High Achieving Schools:
JAMM is proud to be partnering with many organizations to fulfill our mission, including:
Copyright © 2019 | Jackson Academy of Math & Music


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What's in My Handbag: Winter Essentials./
Although winter does not officially begin until next week, the cold temperatures are here. I have already changed up my skin care products, but just switched out my handbag and stocked it with winter essentials to get me through the season. Here is what I am toting around with me this winter:
Nivea Lip Butter in Vanilla & Macadamia Kiss - I love this tin of lip butter. It soothes and moistens my lips. I apply a layer of this prior to applying lipstick or gloss to keep my lips hydrated. I love the way this one tastes and smells.
Eucerin Original Healing Soothing Repair Lotion - I use this on my hands when out and about when needed. This hand cream is an emollient rich formula that seals in moisture to heal and protect skin.
ChapStick - This is more for my kids and husband than it is for me. Yes, they share; they are boys and don't care. They love the new candy cane scent and I carry it with me everywhere.
Ricola Cough Drops - I hate having a dry mouth and throat that I get in the dry heat of winter and like to have a soothed throat. I keep Ricola Natural Herb Cough Drops in my bag to soothe my throat when dry. I am using the new Ricola Extra Strength Cough Drops in Glacier Mint for when I want even more relief. These combine a unique blend of ten #swissherbs and natural menthol for powerful cough relief. They totally soothe my throat and even seem to clear my often stuffy nose with the menthol. The soft soothing syrup center is unexpected, yet gives the relief that works. They taste good too.
Sunglasses - I wear sunglasses outside year round. I feel the sun is even stronger in the winter when it is reflecting off the snow, so they are definitely important. We have already had some snow here in Massachusetts and it is extra bright out.
Gloves - Obviously these are a must because I don't like to be cold. I wear gloves as soon as the temperatures go below 50.
PocketBac Anti-Bacterial Sanitizing Hand Gel - This is essential to keep hands fresh and clean on the go.
COVERGIRL Flamed Out Mascara - I always carry this with me. I've been using this mascara since this summer, and though I keep trying others, I keep going back to this one. I can honestly say that I really never have the need to touch up my mascara, but I am always afraid that I am going to have to at some point, so keep it in my handbag "just in case".
Hourglass Femme Nude Lip Stylo - I use this in Nude Nº 1 for the perfect nude lip. I keep it in my purse becasue no matter what makeup look I'm wearing, a nude lip will obviously go.
CHANEL Glossimer Lipgloss - I keep 347 Allegorie in my handbag as it looks beautiful over the Hourglass Nude Lip Stylo above for the ultimate nude lip.
Alterna Bamboo Style Cleanse Extend Dry Shampoo - This is an odd one, but my hair goes flat in the winter due to the cold and dry heat mix. I spray dry shampoo at my roots to get more volume when needed; I swear it gives me more volume than hairspray. This one smells so fresh and it leaves no powdery residue.
NARS Radiant Creamy Concealer - This is my go to for touching up discolorations and undereye circles on the go.
Emi-Jay® Hair Ties - These come with me everywhere, just in case my daughter or I decide to put our hair up while out and about.
Boscia Fresh Blotting Linens - I don't need touch up powder in the winter because my skin is drier than normal, but I do keep these in my handbag just in case I need to blot away any excess shine.
To help get you stocked with your winter essentials, my friends at Ricola are offering up a special #swissherbs prize pack to one lucky reader. The prize pack includes:
- Ricola Soothing Relief Kit
- $100 Gift Card (VISA or MasterCard)
Enter in the widget below. You must be 18 years old and live in the US to enter and win! Sweepstakes ends on December 27, 2013 at 12:00 a.m. EST.
Disclosure: This is a sponsored post. While I was compensated to write a post about Ricola, all opinions are my own. For more information, please see my disclaimer page.


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Car Forums / Acura / Acura TSX
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Meet your fellow owners in our Owners Clubs
2009 Acura TSX
hpmctorque Posts: 4,600
edited June 2014 in Acura
haidongh Posts: 16The Bluetooth system works well. The microphone is located next to the sunglasses storage bin on the roof. There is a blue LED light indicating it is working. As soon as the car is turned on, it will connect to my phone. When there is an incoming call, the music will stop, and the speaker will sound the ring tone, which is just a regular telephone ring. The call quality is no better or worse than a regular Bluetooth headset.
The car has voice recognition capability, and it can store phone numbers for voice dialing. Some other features and settings are also driven by the voice system. I found myself talking to the car the first day I got it. The voice system can be used for GSP navigation input if the technology package is chosen.
The trip computer can show MPG gas mileage, outside temperature, tire pressure, and engine oil life. It has built-in maintenance service reminder. The trip computer display is inside the speedometer, and the needle for the speedometer looks like floating on the gauge, which looks very cool. There is a lot of technology built into this car. Technology is a strong point for Acura cars, and gadget freaks like me will definitely like this car. Some people are intimidated by the number of buttons in the cabin. I joke to my wife the inside is like a space shuttle cockpit. However, I find all the features very easy to use.
The fuel economy is very good. Combine highway and local driving can have 26 to 27 MPG. Highway driving should be 32 MPG or even higher. This is as efficient as our Honda Civic. It is hard to find such a fuel efficient car in the luxury sedan segment. However, the manufacturer says premium gas is required to achieve the indicated performance. I do not think gas with lower octane level will hurt.
The car we get is the base model of the TSX. It does not have the Technology package, because we do not really need it. Because it is a new model, some Acura dealership do not even want to sell it below the MSRP of $29600 (including $715 destination charge). We cannot negotiate much, so finally we get it for $28700 with free tinted windows ($300 option at the dealership) plus $300 anti-theft option then plus taxes and title. The dealer says the manufacturer is not giving incentives at this moment for them. It is not a bad deal, but next year it probably has a better deal.
Overall, I am very satisfied with the purchase of this car. It meets all of our requirements, offers the comfort and performance we need, and it costs thousands of dollars less than its competitors. This car is a great value offered by Acura. It only costs $2000 over a similar configuration Honda Accord, but it packs a lot more quality material, technology, and style. The design looks cool and sharp both inside and out. I like this car more and more, and eagerly wait for the weekend every week for my turn to drive it.0
any other information available on it? Like what it might look like? And if they will offer a 2-door version this time, as some have speculated they might?
Edit...here is a little bit of info, courtesy of our friends at TOV. Looks like a minor styling update, although I believe those huge chrome door pulls are a departure from the current model, yes?
I would like to see this model still have an NA 4-cylinder with a 6MT for a base powertrain, but I am probably the only one?
I am glad Honda will put a 50-state diesel in it when it comes this fall - I hope they get a high enough take rate to offer diesel options in other models too. TOV says there will be a lot more info available on 3-4-08 from the Geneva auto show.
2014 Mini Cooper (stick shift of course), 2016 Camry hybrid, 2009 Outback Sport 5-spd (keeping the stick alive)0
pat Posts: 10,421Might want to stop by the Diesel TSX in 08 discussion!0
otisnj Posts: 15With the arrival of the 2009 TSX in a few months, is it time to create a forum dedicated to the new model?0
biker4 Posts: 746Most of the current discussion points to an updated K24 as the base engine with a 6MT. Dealers are already ordering the TSX with an April 24 debut. The TOV article says a summer availability in Europe but if the past is any indication it will be sooner - in line with US debut. Honda already said the diesel will be available in CY 09 not MY09 - not this fall. And it didn't say the diesel would be in the TSX but in an Acura model - of course the TSX is the obvious choice.0
The word they have been bandying around elsewhere at Edmunds is that Honda specifically said the TSX would be the first model to get the diesel, and IIRC I actually read that someplace too.
As for CY '09 vs MY '09, thanks for the correction. ;-)
I am glad they will still offer an NA 4-cylinder with a 6MT as the base powertrain.
2014 Mini Cooper (stick shift of course), 2016 Camry hybrid, 2009 Outback Sport 5-spd (keeping the stick alive)0
alfaracer Posts: 9Any word when the 09s will be in the showrooms?
I am torn between getting an 08 this spring or waiting for the new one.
The official on sale date is 4/24. We may see the car in early April, but if Acura follows true to form, we won't have pricing information or powertrain specifics till the car arrives.0
littleteg Posts: 6I have a 2004 TSX and just love it. But am getting in the mood for a new car. The new Lexus IS 250 looks gorgeous. However, I am a Honda man and I can't wait and see what the new TSX will look like. Any chance we will get twin turbos!? Anywhere we can find pics?0
upstatedoc Posts: 710New spy shots on temple of VTEC....0
Rumor for the 2009 TSX are saying 2.4L naturally aspirated with about 230-240 hp and the same 164 lb/tq, no sh-awd with the small I-4 engine.
There might be an I-4 turbo diesel in 2009 or 2010 (not an "if" but "when")
There also might be a Turbo 2.3L I-4 and/or V-6 (3.2L?) with sh-awd by 2011.
Also, a coupe and/or convertible were talked about during the 2011 or beyond model years.0
I vote for a 4-cylinder turbo diesel wagon (with a 6MT, of course).0
timetobuy Posts: 10New pics...
New Euro Accord
Also Google translated:
I made the white one my screen background. Trying to like it... think I might be starting to like it.
- white Euro Accord0
The car reminds me of a reduced-size version of the 2009 mid-model change Acura RL. I believe the initial engine will be a circa 220 bhp 2.4-liter I-4 engine--possibly the first engine to use Honda's new Advanced VTEC next-generation variable-timing valvetrain technology. Honda will likely introduce the 2.2-liter i-DTEC turbodiesel engine on this car, rated at around 170 bhp but with a very high torque peak.0
gdoctsx1 Posts: 60Very cool. First pic i've seen of the TSX, beyond the taped up version that's been floating around for sometime. Any other shots from the side, or back? Where did you manage to find that pic?0
Jalopnik.com has a larger version of this picture. The vehicle will be officially unveiled at the New York Auto Show next month, shortly after the original version--the European market/Japanese Domestic Market (JDM) Honda Accord--is unveiled at the Geneva Auto Show.0
I don't think you are going to get 230-240 hp out of the n/a 2.4L. My guess is a 10hp increase, at most. Also, it will only by FWD, and no turbo.
Anyone here see a little Toyota Camry in this? High fender flares, headlamps that bulge out. I'm not too crazy with Acura's new "shield" grille.0
I'm not feeling the new design yet. It might grow on me after the official release in a few months. It does not seem to look that much different from the current North American Accord?
I think my biggest disappointment is only having a NA 2.4L I-4 as the only engine choice until the diesel is ready. We are going to see a lot of threads about 09 TSX -vs- 09 Accord V6. I've checked out the new Accords and they can give the current TSXs (04-08 models) a run for the money on interior looks.
If this is the final look of the 09 TSX, I rather keep my 06 TSX and wait for the all new TL.0
balla Posts: 5Acura released that picture today. This is the first time they have released images of a new vehicle before it's debut. This must be a result of the fallout after the 09 RL was introduced. It's nothing groundbreaking, but it certainly isn't bad looking either, a nice evolutionary design. As far as powertrain options go, that is a big unknown. They may offer an updated 2.4L or they may offer the Turbocharged 2.3L from the RDX with SH-AWD. We will have to wait and see.0
I'm sure it has more to do with dealer inventories on the 2008s. If dealers have too many cars, they hold the pics to give us time to sell out the current model. Once there are no cars ('08s) left to sell, they need to "freeze" buyers until the car comes out so the show the photo.
I think is is possible that SH and Turbos may come later, but based on what we've ordered, this is not in the cards for Aprils cars.0
I don't think you are going to get 230-240 hp out of the n/a 2.4L. My guess is a 10hp increase, at most. Also, it will only by FWD, and no turbo.
If Honda can get 240 bhp out of a 2.2-liter I-4 engine (the F22C used on the S2000 sportster), they could easily get around 230 bhp out of a new 2.4-liter I-4, especially if they use the new Advanced VTEC valvetrain that was announced back in the fall of 2006. And unlike the F22C engine, the use of Advanced VTEC means you don't need to rev the engine to high RPM to get decent power.
I personally think the Acura TSX may become the first US-model Honda to use such an engine.0
"unlike the F22C engine, the use of Advanced VTEC means you don't need to rev the engine to high RPM to get decent power."
Doesn't sound like much fun to me.0
Acura press release with all the info for 2009
l2009 TSX at world.honda.com0
cdnpinhead Forest Lakes, AZPosts: 4,597Not a word about the diesel. Oh well. . .0
They have already announced the Diesel for 2009..... Ca lander year 2009 which means it will debut for the 2010 TSX in the fall of '090
Thanks for the link.
Interesting that the press release states an increase in performance, but it looks like all they did was trade 4 HP for 8 lb ft TQ. I'm guessing that we'll see a lower redline in addition to the other minor tweaks (valve timing, compression, etc).
I'm also guessing that the added size and chassis strengthening is going to add weight.
Lower redline, a higher curb weight, and more luxury means the new TSX is following in the footsteps of all the other lux sport sedan manufacturers. I hope I'm wrong...0
Yeah, well the new Accord didn't get significantly heavier even with the ACE structure (higher % of high strength steel), and I'm hoping the TSX will follow suit. Having said that, I did place our last Arctic blue 6-speed on hold. I need a car in 1 1/2 months when my S2000 lease is up and the '08 might suit me better.0
ego29iste Posts: 45As a current TSX '06 6spd owner, I am disappointed with the specs of the new car - mainly in terms of power. I was looking forward to the new TSX dreaming of SH-AWD and 260 plus horses.
If this is a strategy where they will introduce a type s model with the specs I mentioned above later down the road to maintain interest in the model I am not sure if it will pay off. I imagine a lot of TSX owners were waiting for the new TSX to trade up at least in '09 once the first year model gremlins were worked out. These owners might get tempted with other market place offerings...0
Honda can get 240 bhp out of a 2.2-liter I-4 engine (the F22C used on the S2000 sportster), they could easily get around 230 bhp out of a new 2.4-liter I-4, especially if they use the new Advanced VTEC valvetrain that was announced back in the fall of 2006
I'm not saying they can't. I'm saying they won't. Honda does have an issue with not being able to achieve and represent able torque numbers. An S2000 weighs only 2864 lbs, a TSX weighs 3268-3356 lbs depending on what tranny you have. The torque output is not good enough to really get the car going. People that buy a TSX don't want to hang out at 7,000 rpms all day to get power. I have always praised Honda for wonderful hp out of these 4 cyl VTEC engines, but they just produce no torque. In the lux market, you need a more balanced 4 cyl engine, like Audi has in the A4. Yes, I know, it's boosted, but, you can't blame Audi for not taking advantage of the technology available today.0
garv214 Posts: 162I may be a bit late to the party, but I found this article on the TSX
This discussion has been closed.


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The Council of Writing Program Administrators is committed to ensuring a diverse, inclusive, and supportive environment in which WPAs, the instructors in the programs they direct, and the students in those programs can continue to thrive and learn. Consequently, we are committed to explicitly acting against any programs, policies, or other structures in society and schools that produce inequality, division, exclusion, or unfair advantage to any one group by luck of birth.
During the 2016 Presidential election, we heard harsh rhetoric that caused great concern among many of those in our community. Since the election of Donald Trump as President, we have seen violence and other hate-inspired acts on our campuses and elsewhere that make members of our community fear for their safety and futures. This election has also called our core values into question: diversity and inclusiveness have been part of CWPA's research and administrative agendas since the forming of the organization. We have also recently started a more targeted effort to diversify the membership of the CWPA Executive Board, its committees, and the organization as a whole. What we know about how students learn to write, and how we might design programs to support that, is informed by those students' ethnicities, genders, classes, sexual orientations, abilities, religions, and languages; what WPAs from diverse backgrounds bring to us is a more informed and richly nuanced perspective that is invaluable to all of us, but particularly to the students in our programs. We also know that building a more just and equitable world in the future means explicitly confronting the structural problems that cause our society to be racist, sexist, ableist, homophobic, monolingualist, among other problems of injustice. So we continue to pledge to identify such problems and act against them.
CWPA pledges to continue its diversity effort and will also continue to foster inclusion more generally; promote research into student diversities; promote policies that increase diversity in our membership and in the population of people who administer writing programs; and explicitly act against the structures that cause injustice today. We will continue to work with reasonable parties to achieve acceptable policy compromises that honor all the lives, backgrounds, and learning conditions of our students. However, we will also continue to oppose the adoption of national, state, and university policies that harm the diverse students who learn to write in our programs, the diverse instructors who teach in our programs, and the diverse WPAs who administer those programs, and we will work to change those policies already in place.


text: Lightweight sweaters are the best for chilly nights and cool mornings in the summer. The fringe hem on this knit makes it perfect for layering other pieces and also gives it a little boho twist. My two major accessories today are a chiffon necktie (which can be worn multiple ways) and a beaded tassel necklace. They add a semi vintage-inspired statement to this textured sweater. Round sunnies, and pink, green, and neutral tones add just enough color to make outfit boho-chic. Shop today's look and similar pieces below. Have a great day everyone! Thanks for stopping by today!


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Magic Bath...
There is nothing worse then a sick kiddo... Nothing makes you feel more powerless as a mother then seeing your child in pain or discomfort and not being able to take it away.
This spring my oldest son sprained his ankle very badly at his 10th birthday party... Needless to say it was a birthday he will never forget.
The swelling, the bruising and the general pain were very upsetting to him (and me) so to calm his fears and help with the swelling i started to give him detox baths. A little warm water and some secret potions and voila! My kids think i'm magic.
As most mother's know, we are not above a little white lie and some fantasy.... So I tell my kids that "Mommy knows a spell for a magic bath that will help them feel better!"
The magic bath worked great for my 10 year old when he was healing from his sprain and now he and my other boys ask for one whenever they start to feel yucky.
I find the Magic Bath helps with tummy aches, muscle pain, growing pains, and just general funky feelings. I also have given a Magic Bath when they have a fever, but I keep the water cooler.
*Make sure your kids drink a ton of water before AND after the bath as it really does detoxify and they can get dehydrated from the process! Also have them pee before the bath so you don't get tinkle tub.
So, you may be asking, What is the secret? Sadly, I am not really a witch... I have no spells up my flowing bell sleeve... But I am magic, because I have the secret for the perfect bath and here is what you'll need.
1. Epson Salt- 1/2 cup for kids... 1-2 cups for Mamas & Dads
Epsom salt – or magnesium sulfate – is said to help with sore muscles, soaking in the magnesium sulfate bath helps in the muscle recovery process.
Epsom salt will help absorb the magnesium into their bodies, claiming it, in turn, relieves stress and helps get a good night's sleep.
2. Hydrogen Peroxide- 1 cup for kids... 1/2 to 3/4 a bottle for Mamas & Dad * NOTE I USE THE 3% DRUG STORE GRADE- NOT FOOD GRADE!!
Our bodies eliminate toxins through four major organs: the colon (assisted by the liver), kidneys, lungs, and skin. A hydrogen peroxide bath can help to cleanse and purify our skin. A hydrogen peroxide bath can help destroy toxins, organisms, and even pull out the residues left by soap. In other words, it makes one of our major eliminators of toxins-our skin-more effective.
Hydrogen peroxide does all this and is environmentally friendly too, leaving its only by-products: water and oxygen.
The first time you take a hydrogen peroxide bath, be sure to notice the residue left behind after the bath. You just might be amazed!
Food grade Hydrogen Peroxide is much stronger and may burn or irritate your child's skin... Please use the 3% in the brown bottle.
3. Lavender Oil- 2 or 3 drops for kids... 3-5 for Mamas & Dads
Oh Lavender oil... What haven't you done for me? In the diffuser in the bath this oil is perfect for a mom with a house full of rowdy kids. I use Dōterra, but any pure lavender oil will work. I love it for it's calming benefits... I really feel like it just relaxes my whole family.
"The health benefits of lavender essential oil include its ability to eliminate nervous tension, relieve pain, disinfect the scalp and skin, enhance blood circulation and treat respiratory problems. The Latin name of lavender is Lavare, which means "to wash", due to its aroma which has a particularly clean aroma." - Organic Facts
I swear by this bath... Every single time it makes my kids feel WAY better and makes me feel like there is actually something I can do to help them. Perhaps it is a placebo effect on all of us, but I will take it! I'll also gladly take the credit I get for being a Magic Mama!


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Portfolio Work
I love to shoot! For that reason I don't (within reason) limit shoot time and outfit changes, because what I am really charging for is the deliverable and post production of final images.
For package options, get in touch. I bet we can find an option that matches your budget.
Designer / Catalog
Contact me for pricing. I can shoot either location or in my studio and can help source model talent.
Event / Runway
Costs may vary depending on setup complexity, but to give a ballpark idea, I charge $100 / shooting hour for an event, and $75 / hour for post processing.


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- About the Sanctuary
Where do our animals come from?
All the animals available for adoption through Second Chance are rescued from the Oklahoma Animal Shelters. Our goal is to eliminate the needless euthanasia of adoptable animals at Oklahoma Animal shelters, so all our rescued animals come directly from there.
- Spay/Neuter
Can I bring an animal to the sanctuary?
Second Chance Can Not Accept Animals From The Public At This Time
We understand the difficulties this may bring to someone needing to re-home or find a shelter for an animal. But If we were able to accept from the public, we would have in excess of 75 dogs and cats added to our population each week - based on tabulations from phone calls. We've listed some suggestions below to help you with a most difficult decision.
Here are some suggestions:
For Dogs:
Go to the OKC Pups Facebook Page, post a picture and story.
If feasible, run an ad in your local paper with a picture.
Look at the following resources page:
For Dogs: http://www.dog.rescueshelter.com
For Cats: http://www.cat.rescueshelter.com
IF you do decide to post it on craigslist - charge a fee to help insure the pet is not used inappropriately.
Most importantly, if you can't keep it or find a home, take it to your local shelter.
How does spaying/neutering help animals?
You can help reduce the overpopulation of homeless pets by proactively spaying/neutering your pets - and encouraging your friends to do the same. Spaying/neutering is the key to reducing the 15,000-20,000 homeless dogs and cats who are euthanized in area shelters each year.


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Round blue tray, small
Round tray with blue background and drawings from around Roslagen.
Nice round tray with blue background and drawings of buildings from around Roslagen:
Norrtälje Town Hall from 1792, Waxholms Town Hall from 1885, Wira Court House from early 1700s, Öregrund Town Hall from 1830s, Östhammar Town Hall from 1730.
The tray is handcrafted in Sweden, by Emelie Ek Design in cooperation with Roslagen.
R: 38cm
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MAGZET: The Audio Jack Reinvented with the Power of Magnets
Help us bring much needed innovation to the traditional audio jack with the use of MAGZET magnetic technology in the middle.
MAGZET: The Audio Jack Reinvented with the Power of Magnets
Help us bring much needed innovation to the traditional audio jack with the use of MAGZET magnetic technology in the middle.
Today we have an universal audio jack that has been the default industry connection device for decades. However, the reality is that we are more dependent on audio jacks for our computers, phones and tablets than ever before. We use this technology everywhere we go, and the unfortunate fact is that the audio jack has not stayed up-to-date to the demands placed on it today.
This dilemma is the "spark" that got it all started as we (Jon and Jeff) sat down over a cup of coffee...
... dreaming of what the world might look like with an improved audio connection solution. That is where our passion started and it has only grown as we get closer to making our dream a reality.
Our hope is that in some small way, you will be excited about this Kickstarter campaign, and you will believe in this vision and decide to join the MAGZET revolution. And if you do decide to join us, you will be the proud owner of a MAGZET before it land in stores! This is especially important for our backers in countries outside of the United States that may not always have immediate access to the new technologies – with your backing you will get the MAGZET at the same time as everyone else.
Reported by:
Our Solution
Yes! MAGZET will bring innovation to the audio connection with the power of magnetic technology…
Think about it, if we add magnetic technology in the middle (and we did with the MAGZET!), we can keep all the accessories and devices and that we already invested in and make them...
"Snap" connect enabled – The magnet technology conveniently pulls them together in a "snap" and auto-aligns even in dark environments without specific visual focus.
More reliable – Once the MAGkap (the side you plug into the audio cable) and MAGjack (the side you plug into the device) is installed, the device's jack and your audio cable are protected from wear-out.
Safer – The magnetic technology breakaway feature protects your ears, headphones, accessories, or even worse, your device from being catapulted into hard surfaces with very expensive and inconvenient consequences.
What's so wrong with the traditional audio jack?
We have all experienced the flaws of the audio jack as we know it today...
Inconvenient - We have to "visually" focus and locate a small hole to slide things together, which is difficult to do while driving or in certain situations such as in a dark room, or while device is in a handbag or backpack.
Fragile - The audio plug has been known to breakoff in a device's jack and/or the device's audio jack or cable as been known to wear-out and stop working.
Costly/Painful - Pull on the audio or headset cable from a bad angle and devices have been known to be catapulted into hard surfaces with very expensive and painful consequences to your devices, and your ears, head, or other body parts.
Open Jack - With the audio jack remaining open when headphones are not in use, dirt, debris, and moisture can work its way into the jack, impacting performance.
Where can I use it?
Connecting to all your audio devices and accessories becomes simple and smooth. You can use your MAGZET with your phone, computer, tablet, headphones, stereo systems, even your car auxiliary input... pretty much any place you want an easier and safer way to connect your audio. You will want to have several, for maximum audio device and accessory versatility.
Will all my current audio features still work? What about sound quality?
Yes! We took the design time and have run tests to make sure the MAGZET functions correctly with all your favorite devices, including Apple and Android-based models. You will still be able to answer calls, use the mic, adjust volume and skip tracks via the cable inline controls when using the MAGZET. The audio quality is preserved as we use the highest quality materials and manufacturing processes that one would expect from a high-end audio accessory. Whether you're using your favorite phone, tablet, headphones, or computer, we have made sure that your device's functionality, audio quality, and features will continue to work just as you have always experienced with your wired solution.
What about Bluetooth headsets? Aren't they the future?
Can I really leave my MAGjack in all the time?
Yes, we wanted you to leave your MAGjack in so we invented a means to accomplish this! Normally when one plugs a connector into a phone audio jack, the phone (rightly so) thinks something is plugged in and would normally re-route the audio to headset functionality. Our technology counters the normal behavior and ensures that the MAGjack alone is not detected and the phone only detects the MAGjack when the MAGkap is connected.
Can I really trust that you can build this thing?
There are several tasks yet to be completed. Please watch the following video to see how your backing dollars will make them possible.
So, that's where we stand. We have a fairly user-friendly prototype (as featured in the video). However, our design still needs to be miniaturized (made smaller), custom tooled, and ramped up in manufacturing.
These last steps are expensive, and we are asking YOU to please help us take MAGZET across the finish line. And in so doing... joining the MAGZET revolution of changing how the world plugs audio things together!
How do I back this campaign?
Backing MAGZET on Kickstarter is simple and secure - and open to everyone around the world.
- Log into your Kickstarter account, or create a new account.
- Click the green "Back This Project" button at the top of this page.
- Enter your pledge amount and select one of the reward levels. (This is the MAGZET kit you want to receive.)
- Submit your payment information - and that's it!
You should receive a confirmation email moments after you submit the form. Kickstarter accepts debit or credit cards associated with Visa, MasterCard, or American Express. All payments are in US dollars.
Please reach out to us at firstname.lastname@example.com if you run into any issues and we would be happy to help walk you through the process. It was little confusing for us the first time we backed a project too - no worries.
Note: Your credit card will be charged only if we reach our funding goal and after the campaign officially ends.
Rewards (this is what you get in return for backing us)
MAGZET offers several different reward levels:
- THANKS ($5): 1 - Personal note of gratitude signed by co-founders sent via snail mail
- PICK 'N' CHOOSE (Starting at $25): Unlimited MAGkaps $15/each and MAGjacks $10/each. You will need at least 1 of each, but the sky is the limit. Shipping is a flat rate by region, so the more you get the better the deal.
- PERSONAL ($35): 1 - MAGkap, 2 - MAGjacks
- URBAN ($45): 1 - MAGkap, 2 - MAGjacks, 1 - Limited edition t-shirt
- TRAVEL ($55): 2 - MAGkaps, 3 - MAGjacks
- ULTIMATE ($99): 3 - MAGkaps, 5 - MAGjacks, 2 - Limited edition t-shirts, 1 - Personal note of gratitude signed by co-founders sent via snail mail
- REVOLUTION ($299): 10 - MAGkaps, 20 - MAGjacks
MAGZET T-Shirts to Choose From
3 Promises to Our Backers...
1. Give Back - We owe a debt of gratitude to the Kickstarter community and promise to support other projects and even your own projects. Just let us know about them! We hope that our project inspires others.
2. Proactive Communication - We will proactively communicate to our faithful backers the good, bad, or otherwise, as it unfolds. You are in this with us!
3. Environmentally Responsible - To the extent possible, we will be a good steward to the world around us, even if it costs us a little more. We have a long-term perspective, and the environment will remain a part of our decision-making paradigm.
Designed with a "Simplicity" Focus
If there is one word that sums up the MAGZET – it would be simplicity. On the outside, the Series1 looks clean and simple, and the user experience is just as easy... just "snap" the MAGkap and MAGjack together, and you are off and running – i.e. it just works! However, the most simplistic of user experiences is realized by a level of "sophistication under the covers," which we will continue to dive into with the next section.
Research and Development
As in any entrepreneurial invention, the idea is the easy part; the hard part is the actual realization of that idea into a tangible solution that people would really find valuable and be willing to purchase.
So, we got to work over a year ago, pulling off many late nights. We researched by tearing into numerous devices, including Apple and Android based models. We analyzed various magnetic strengths and tested early prototype concepts, improving each design iteration, with a plugfest with real people and devices.
Here is just a small snapshot of the work we have completed from a Research and Development perspective, to give you a taste of what we have been up to.
The MAGkap and MAGjack
Both the MAGkap and MAGjack are designed for easy use and consist of quality components to make sure you experience the high fidelity sounds you expect from a great audio accessory.
"We designed to the standards of a product we would be thrilled to use in our own daily lives."
The design gives you a 360 degree solid connection, while still having the added benefit of magnetic breakaway protection. The graphic below cycles through several of the MAGkap and MAGjack design iterations we explored through the design process.
Engineering and Testing
When we said we literally tore into jacks we were serious! The graphics below shows 10 very popular devices' audio jacks from several vendors that we analyzed by cross-sectional cutout (by hand filing!) to determine their inner workings.
The analysis was key in determining a (patent pending) means to overcome the challenge that when one plugs a connector into a phone audio jack, the phone (rightly so) thinks something is plugged in and would normally re-route the audio to headset functionality, even if the MAGkap was not installed.
"We want you to leave your MAGjack in and needed to invent a means to achieve that - which we did!"
Magnetic Strength
As one would expect, a product based on magnetic technology required considerable magnetic analysis and design effort. We needed to determine the optimal magnetic strength for both holding under normal use and for the magnetic breakaway protection features.
"It took us months to zero into the optimal magnetic strength after testing dozens of magnetic materials and shapes."
The fun video below illustrates the magnetic holding force on the prototype concept shown above.
Note: The video's audio track is that of our co-founder (Jeff) showing off his mad electric guitar skills!
Latest Prototype
The latest prototype is shown in the graphic below. It has yet to be miniaturized (made smaller) and does not display the final color scheme. The prototype was rapid-prototyped through the use of 3D metal printing and CNC machining processes and was hand assembled.
After spending the last 15 years working in the IT Industry, I (Jeff) left my job looking to do something different. One day, I was sitting in a local coffee shop and ran into a friend of mine named Jon Hallsten. Jon was closing one chapter of his career and was considering starting a new innovative product design company. We started talking about coming up with a gadget idea that we could take to market and had mass market appeal.
That's how the concept of the MAGZET product got started. Being a guitar player for the last 40 years, I mentioned that it seems crazy that we still plug things in and out to connect to devices, i.e. guitar amps, headphones, etc. Jon agreed, and that's what got us working on the product!
Special Thanks to: Raymond Bugelski, Steve Chiles, Rodney Ross, John Buchanan, Paul Evans, Adam Rissmiller, Matt Orley, Shane Sevo, Scott Foster, Bob Martinez, Jay Yoo, Jon Fawcett, Kyle Crocker, Ken Burns, Vince Fisher and Zach Beaver for their expertise in support of this project. All the talented people at Orca for all their hard work and design assistance. All the trailblazing entrepreneurs on Kickstarter, whose campaigns we watched and learned from. And most importantly, we are so grateful to our beautiful wives, Denise Hallsten and Lisa Russell, for putting up with our long nights and for their support of our dream. We are humbled that you believe in our mission and are confident that together we can make MAGZET a reality and ultimately change how the world plugs audio things together! Again, thanks to all of you.
Risks and challenges
Our biggest technical challenge to overcome was the fact that when one plugs a connector into a phone's audio jack, the phone thinks something is plugged in and re-routes the audio to headset functionality. The good news is that we invented (patent pending) a solution to fix that problem when just the MAGjack is installed and the Series1 does not have this shortcoming.
Technical Risk
However, our technical challenges are far from over. We all know the benefits of miniaturization. This will be especially important in a MAGjack design that is intended to be left in a device. We want to shrink the MAGZET so that it protrudes less, and has room for the magnet (with enough strength), the landing pad, and the inter-connect contact points required. Definitely a design trade off!
Another significant challenge we have is that the nature of our design requires numerous, very intricate sub-pieces, which are hard to manufacture and require expensive tooling. We must not only shrink the design, but reduce its complexity and ensure that it can be reliably manufactured over volume! That is not easy...
In light of the challenges above, our timeline could be affected if we cannot solve them in a timely manner. Should we miss our technical deadlines, we'll let you know why (per Backer Promise #2) and make it right as quickly as possible.
Forecasting Risk
Once we get a flavor for the popularity of our campaign, we will do our best to forecast demand and create a solid production plan timeline. We've learned a lot from our years of bringing products to market, but sometimes, despite our best intentions, forecasts don't always hit the mark. Should we miss our projections, we'll let you know why (per Backer Promise #2) and take corrective action immediately.
Supply Chain Risk
We've built a network of manufacturing relationships with very capable teams over the years of building products. However, component delays and unexpected shortages can occur. If this happens, we'll be sure to keep you informed (per Backer Promise #2) and work to quickly solve the problem.
While every attempt was made in this campaign to use final design intent representations, we realize that during the miniaturization and build out process the MAGZET may have to be slightly altered in appearance and/or performance. We reserve the ability in good faith to make these changes if needed.
*** Bottom Line ***
We know what it will take to bring the MAGZET to market, just as we have with numerous other products (actually over 5 million shipped devices worldwide) through the course of our careers. We have the experience, tenacity, and relationships to deliver what we promise.Learn about accountability on Kickstarter
Funding period
- (39 days)


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Tunes to roll down the windows and sing along to, because, spring, we really missed you.
There are few things more freeing than cruising the open road with the windows down and blasting songs you know all the lyrics to (your go-to karaoke jam included). Our latest playlist honors that boundless feeling with 23 belt-worthy, throwback tunes made for a drive—no destination required.
1. "I Wish," Skee-Lo
2. "You Don't Love Me (No, No, No)," Dawn Penn
3. "Cecilia," Simon & Garfunkel
4. "Doo-Wop (That Thing)," Lauryn Hill
5. "Mickey," Toni Basil
6. "Poison," Bell Biv DeVoe
7. "I Wanna Be Your Lover," Prince
8. "Let's Stay Together," Al Green
9. "Can I Kick It?," A Tribe Called Quest
10. "Bohemian Rhapsody," Queen
11. "My Sharona," The Knack
12. "Crystal Blue Persuasion," Tommy James & The Shondells
13. "No Rain," Blind Melon
14. "My Boo," Ghost Town DJ's
15. "Dreams," Fleetwood Mac
16. "Say My Name," Destiny's Child
17. "What's Up," 4 Non Blondes
18. "Mr. Jones," Counting Crows
19. "Mo Money Mo Problems," The Notorious B.I.G.
20. "P.Y.T. (Pretty Young Thing)," Michael Jackson
21. "Tennessee," Arrested Development
22. "Bennie and the Jets," Elton John
23. "Stay (I Missed You)," Lisa Loeb
Stream the entire playlist here and browse our other playlists on Spotify here.


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A pilot for Adult Swim based on my first book, written by myself with Rich Blomquist and Scott Jacobson, who also produced. Live action sequences featured Dan Bakkedahl, Kristin Schaal, David Rakoff, and puppets of Snake and Bacon designed by Tim Lagasse. Voice actors on the animated segments included Peter Serafinowicz, Bill Hader, Brian Stack and James Urbaniak. The pilot was previewed on the Verizon "V-Cast" network. Click here to go to the Adult Swim page.
TV Funhouse
I helped produce two animated segments based on my comics for this half-hour show, which was created for Comedy Central by Robert Smigel and Dino Stamatopolous. Animation was by Wachtenheim/Marianetti. "Picasso: His Amazing Life" can be seen here: "Captain Marginal" can be seen here; and the DVDs of TV Funhouse are for sale here.
Saturday Night Live
I co-wrote and drew a segment of the animated "TV Funhouse" segment entitled "The Legend of Big-Boobed Einstein," co-written and produced by Robert Smigel and animated by Wachtenheim/Marianetti. It was featured on a 2007 episode with Molly Shannon hosting (season 32, episode 19), which is viewable on Netflix Online.
Videos with Julie Klausner
Julie and I made four videos together. "NYC Tourist Beat," is a satire on infotainment and can be seen here. Continuing the theme, Julie and I made three videos under the title "What's What" for Adult Swim's Superdeluxe: "Holes," which can be seen here; "Garbage," which can be seen here; and "Fear," which can be seen here.


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Call 800-516-7356 | BOOK ONLINE
Echelon Apartments at Innovation Campus is the newest apartment community available in Wauwatosa.
Built on the historic Eschweiler grounds, the look of the six newly constructed apartment buildings, comprising 188 apartment homes, complement the style of the historic Eschweiler buildings. Many have admired the Eschweiler buildings from afar; this is your opportunity to live on this historic site in modern luxury!
Choose from a studio, 1-bedroom or 2-bedroom apartment home in a variety of layouts.
- Adjacent to Parks & Trails
- Ballroom
- Bike Repair Station
- Billiard Room
- Breathtaking Views
- Cardio Gym
- Clubroom
- Complimentary Bike Storage
- Doggie Spa
- Dry Cleaning Service
- Lap Pool & Terrace
- Off-Leash Dog Play Area
- On-Site Maintenance Team
- Smiling Faces in the Leasing Office
- Strength & Stretch Gym
- Walled Gardens
- Non-Smoking Community
- One Pet-Free Building Available
Seduce your senses. Live in a natural oasis, surrounded by green space, yet minutes from the freeway and everything Tosa has to offer. These apartment homes feature quartz countertops, stainless steel Whirlpool appliances with a French-door refrigerator and a convection oven, large windows with roller shade window coverings, walk-in closets, and fantastic views.
The six residential buildings wrap around a unique outdoor relaxation garden and outdoor pool will grill patio that will create a peaceful oasis from work and stress. The main historic Eschweiler building has ben renovated to house your community space, including a club room, billiard room, strength, cardio and stretch rooms, and public meeting rooms.
Indoor and outdoor parking is available. Pets of all sizes are welcome!*
There are a few breed restrictions. Please inquire if this is a concern.
Stay at this ideal Tosa location. Steps from your home you will find public walkways, wetlands, and a butterfly habitat. Innovation Campus is building a synergy between academia, private business, and medical services. With easy freeway access and close proximity to the Milwaukee County Research Park, Medical College, Children's Hospital, Froedtert Hospital, Wauwatosa Village, Mayfair, Mayfair Collection, and the vibrant East Tosa neighborhood, living at Echelon will offer the ultimate experience and convenience.
Innovation Campus is an academic research park that is home to ABB's headquarters, the Accelerator building (UWM's business incubation building), future home to Residence Inn by Marriott, and future home to UWM's College of Engineering.
We provide temporary and corporate housing in these apartments with a 30 day minimum.
To get the temporary/corporate housing, you need to call us directly at 1-800-516-7356 or email us today.
Why choose us for your temporary and corporate housing? Click HERE to learn more about the benefits of Home Networks as your temporary and corporate housing provider.
These apartments fill up fast, so reserve your spot today! Remember, we normally have a 30 day minimum!
Would you like to book today?
Click here to enter your details or call us at 1-800-516-7356 today!


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Post Frame Metal Pole Buildings & Garages Servicing the Iowa City & Cedar Rapids, Iowa Area
Iowa City is a city with a population of about 70,000, making it the fifth-largest city in Iowa. It is the county seat of Johnson County. Iowa City is home to many historical landmarks such as: the Old Capitol Building, the University of Iowa Art museum, and the Plum Grove home of the first governor of Iowa.
Greiner Buildings is proud to work in Iowa City and surrounding areas. We build post frame and pole buildings for residents and business owners. As a big metropolitan area, Iowa City has great opportunity for various types of post frame buildings. These buildings that we make at Greiner Buildings are very beneficial to any home, farm, or business owner.
Not only do we construct buildings, but we also have design and repair specialists on our team here at Greiner Buildings! We can help you design the building of your dreams, as well as repair any issues you may have with your existing post frame construction. Don't hesitate to call us with any inquiries you may have. We look forward to working with you for all of your post frame building needs in Iowa City, IA.


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Just about the corner from the world-renowned Bondi beach sits the spacious, air-conditioned Westfield Bondi Junction mall. There's a danger of getting scammed: As on-line shopping becomes much more and much more commonplace, the quantity of online scams is also increasing. To get your private grocery shopping business up and operating, you will require buyers. With each other these two tourist attractions are one particular of the most heavily visited attractions in the convention center district downtown. The very first one hundred attendees will be given a excellent reusable bag with some goodies inside, courtesy of Ask Mama MOE, Infant Gourmet, Montreal Households and Best for your shopping evening wink, wink.
You will have a nicely full fruit platter if you get every thing in shopping list #1 and pick a couple of from this list to fill in. TIP: look for contrasting colors and shapes (see beneath for suggested combos). List a designer brand item on ebay at to reduce value and they will come down on you like a tonne of bricks. Go ahead, get that further pair of footwear at the King of Prussia Mall or browse the higher-finish shops of Rittenhouse Row as clothes and shoe purchases are tax-free. London has a number of distinct shopping regions and shopping streets, numerous of which have their own themes or specialities.
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I occasionally locate that the item can be photographed in such a way as to hide its flaws till you get it (normally when it comes to plasticware) but most on the web shopping purchases have worked out effectively for me, with a couple of them becoming substantially far better top quality than walking about a standard shopping mall. Or at least that is what I feel that it is. You go shopping with something in thoughts locate what you want and get out of there with no seeking at a number of items that you don't require.
Sleek and contemporary Canary Wharf, in London's Docklands, is home to several of the UK's leading firms, but it is also a great shopping location, open seven days a week. Go shopping with a fashionable pal and get their opinion on what you need to put on. Pros: Shopping on the internet implies no queuing at the checkout to spend, no parking hassles as you search for a space in the shopping mall vehicle park and no negotiating the in-shop crowds if you have to shop at peak instances. If you go with a method and stick to the strategy, shopping at second hand retailers can be enjoyable and rewarding, if not addicting.


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Justine's Overlays
Justine has been tutoring her Gainesville students in inking techniques. Our student C.J. has allowed us to show her art and Justine's overlays. Justine and I always work with our students in person and online, to help them articulate their ideas in the best and clearest way possible. These are great examples.


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I'm getting intermittent errors starting jobs saying that the transfer of the SAB file timed out in one of our environments. In order to determine what exactly is wrong with it this time, I'd like to know the mechanism in use to submit the SAB file.
Here's the setup: (x86, RH6, 126.96.36.199 Streams)
Domain & Instance owner is a local account on the systems, currently not using ssh keys (going to try that today and see if the problem goes away).
System is configured using PAM with an LDAP primary and local secondary authentication
ibm.streams-domainname is running as root on all nodes
AAS is running as root for authentication
We do NOT have the password for the domainowner account
Jobs are being submitted by users in the streams group, but other than the domainowner.
Answer by Bruce Glassford (912) | Apr 11, 2017 at 09:49 AM
Looks like adding ssh keys onto each node solved the problem, although with any intermittent, it's hard to tell. Been able to submit multiple jobs without having any issues yesterday and today.
So I'll mark this as solved.
107 people are following this question.
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If your business strategy is not prepared for the future, your business could become irrelevant. The minute you stop innovating is the minute you become irrelevant.
No More Business As Usual' is about change, about choice and about unlimited possibilities.
About The Book
Book Summary
Key Points
Put into Practice
Key Points
'No More Business As Usual' is about change, about choice and about unlimited possibilities. In particular, it presents a new way of generating innovative business and leading a life that is a significant departure from the status quo and conventional approach.
Five Key Points
1. Every organization must develop innovation as a key strategy. If they don't, they definitely won't survive the fast velocity of change that transpires in the world today. Innovation is key to your success no matter what your business is. Innovation is the only path to growth, prosperity and business sustainability.
2. Maintaining a business as usual model in an increasingly precarious business environment and during times of rapid, disruptive change can be a recipe for disaster. Leaders must relinquish any business model that anchors the business firmly to the past and shift the focus to future possibilities.
3. Business leaders must have the skill and insight to prepare for a future that's rushing at them faster than ever before. Being a Pragmatic Futurist and expanding the power to shape futures is more important than ever in our world of accelerating transformation.
4. Innovative capability is the single most vital leadership competency for future success. It is a skill like any other, and like other skills, it can be developed. There is no genetic or neurological basis for the ability to innovate.
5. The three key conceptual building blocks of the No More Business As Usual paradigm are: Conscious Leadership, Strategic Awareness, and a Prosperity perspective. To prosper and thrive in the decade ahead, leaders have to think differently about reinvigorating their business.


text: Tracy is on the trail of the aptly-named Mr. Bribery and his equally grotesque sister, Ugly Christine, in a story that also features a substance-abusing witch doctor and a shelf of shrunken heads. Meanwhile, newlyweds Junior and Moon Maid enter the story, and Dick Tracy's troubles are compounded when he comes face to face with master criminal Haf-and-Haf, one side of whose face is hideously disfigured. Included are all strips from December 27, 1965 to July 2, 1967.


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Record ID: WILT-D38FD2
Object type: BELL
Broad period: POST MEDIEVAL
County: West Sussex
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An incomplete copper alloy post medieval crotal bell dating to the 16th to mid 17th century. The bell has a fragment missing at the base of the lower hemisphere, the pea is missing. The bell is spherical with a rectangular suspension loop at the top. In the top half of the sphere, a circular perforation has been drilled to form the loop. Around the circumference, there is a raised ridge. The lower half of the bell has a long straight opening ending in a circular hole at each end, each just below the raised circumferential ridge. The bell is 28.45mm in diameter, and with the loop in…
Created on: Friday 24th June 2016
Last updated: Monday 11th July 2016
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