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E20 Keto and the Mind: Enhanced Mental Ability Through Ketosis/
Do you know what is perhaps the most underrated benefit of a ketogenic lifestyle? Sure, everyone knows it's a great way to lose weight and get healthy. But, in Chad's mind, the mental benefits are the real unsung hero. Today the guys discuss this life-changing effect of ketosis: enhanced cognitive ability (or just good ol' mental clarity). That's right, your brain loves those ketones! So look sharp and tune in to learn what ketosis can do for your mind.
Brain energy is one of the first things most people notice on ketosis.
Why does the brain love ketones?
Eric breaks down what is really going on at the molecular level.
Mito, Beta, and ATP (oh my!)
How beta can curve the brain cravings.
The correlation between higher beta levels and enhanced mental acuity.
How depression is actually an inflammation issue.
What can keto do for your mood?
Ketogenics and the benefits to those suffering from mental illnesses.
The importance of journaling your journey.
When the guys talk about keto improving your overall lifestyle, they mean just that! Not only does keto help your body, but it also has a tremendous effect on your mind. More energy, clearer mind, better mood and just plain happier life. The best part? You can experience all of this for yourself!
If you have any questions on this episode (or any questions in general) don't hesitate to reach out to us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
If you're interested in starting your own journey, you can find out more information at www.biofitcoaching.com or on Facebook at www.facebook.com/becomebiofit.
Eric: 00:00 As I age, my mitochondria drops, so I'm all about Mitochondria biogenesis, trying to create new Mitochondria in taking care of my functioning, Mitochondria too fast, [inaudible] and other ways to keep what I have. I, I would trade you and my testosterone is gone, so you got a big advantage here in many ways. Many ways. Yeah. They say a journey begins in a single step or in my case, one less piece of bread.
Chad: 00:37 My name is Chad and I am your test subjects. I have sought out an expert in the field of nutrition and fitness who I hoped would help me feel better. They call him the biohacker, but I call him Paris. I hope you'll join me on a path that leads you and I to optimal fitness as we live our lives in ketosis. This is the life in Ketosis podcast, a biohackers guide to optimal body performance.
Chad: 01:10 Hello everyone. My name is Chad and this is episode 20. Can you believe that [inaudible] of my quest to achieving optimal body performance with the man that can get me there, the biohacker himself. Mr Eric off every episode, I will be sharing my actual results, both successes and failures as Eric teaches me how to apply the principles of keto genetics and functional movement to look and feel great. Just as a reminder, the first five episodes of this podcast are foundational episodes. If you haven't listened to those, we encourage you to hit pause now, go back, listen to the first five episodes and then join us back here today. I am stoked and I think I say that every episode, but I really am, and I mean it is. The reason that I'm still today is because we're going to talk about the best benefit that I have experienced from working with you, Eric, and I have to preface this, I have a pet peeve and here's my pet peeve.
Chad: 02:05 Here's what I have, here's what I have to put out there. So obviously I'm really active on our instagram account, the biofit instagram account. Um, if you're, if you're not following that, you can, Eric does some video tips on there, that kind of stuff. It's, it's Biofilm coaching, coaching on instagram. Um, and you can go out there and get tips, that kind of stuff. Anyway, I follow that really closely because I like to see what people are talking about in Ketosis, keto, all that kind of stuff. And we have a pretty good. We're building a pretty good community of keto people on there, so we get a good taste of what people are doing and talking about even outside of the fit program, here's what bothers me is there's so much conversation about weight loss and about food and you know, all of these things that to me, our periphery things to this one topic that we're going to talk about today, which is mental clarity. The number one benefit that I have gotten from being in Ketosis is the mental clarity. It's the thing I've noticed the most is the thing I enjoy the most is it is the thing that keeps me there. Really. I'll be honest. I do love. I mean my body feels great. I love working out good. I love seeing progress in my workouts, but the minute mental clarity is the one thing that keeps me in Ketosis.
Eric: 03:29 That's good. I'm glad you. How's worry about it? Pet peeve. I thought you were going to get on my case about not being more involved in instagram and facebook and. No, I'm pretty literate when it comes to social network. I thought, oh crap. He's going to call me out right here. I'm trying. I'm sure you're doing fantastic. Coach and do a lot and I'm like, I should just. I'm, I'm an old guy and I haven't. I haven't launched into this instagram and all this stuff. Yeah. The way I can just pull it up,
Chad: 04:05 bring it up is because I think it's a good sampling of what people are talking about, how they're living it and I just don't see the mental clarity, the mental benefits, the therapeutic benefits. Talked about enough. So that's why I'm excited about this episode. So talk to me. What, what, why are we talking about mental clarity today? As
Eric: 04:26 in we're backed. I, I hate to always go back to the Mitochondria, but that's when I don't hate. I actually love it, but that's where we have to go with this because mental clarity, mental cognitive, your energy, your focus. We're dealing today more in the brain because that's where we're going to focus on our cognitive. So everything is a derivative of one thing, mitochondrial function. OK, just think of Alzheimer's. What's the biggest problem was Alzheimer's. It's impaired cognitive function. All right? With with age, OK, that's an aging disease, but it's mitochondrial dysfunction because the glucose uptake is, is impaired show the energy is not being produced. You have the ATP energy production in the neurons. OK? You have the astrocytes pushing in lactic to help. OK, so obviously we're damn. Most of us are dealing with glucose based energy in the brain. OK? And so basically we're back to the Mitochondria.
Eric: 05:30 We, it's one of the. I'm excited when you, when you first said, oh my gosh, Eric, I have never been so cognitive zoned in in the afternoon feeling that not that big spike from your previous glucose days and getting that big crash where you're tired and sleepy, you're actually really zoned in and cognitive and, and those that are in the biofit program. That's one of the most things. I wait for your body composition and the therapeutic if you're diabetic and all that. I'm all about that, but I'm also excited. The first thing usually is that, like you said, it's that brain energy.
Chad: 06:10 Can you remember? I mean I just. From what you're seeing right here, I'm sure you remember. Do you remember the number one thing I said I was dissatisfied with in the beginning when almost over six months ago when you and I first met and we were talking about my lifestyle, my fitness and the things that I was most frustrated with. The number one thing. Do you remember what that was?
Chad: 06:28 The afternoon afternoon crash, that afternoon crash and you're a. you're into being very creative and you're producing and it's all day long, maybe into the evening and a lot of my clients in larvae out there are just trying to maintain a high production level throughout the day and Beta hydroxy butyrate, molecule his is where it's at.
Chad: 06:52 Yeah. No, I mean once I wake up, I wake up at 5:00 AM, a do a little bit of work before the kids get up and then once they're up where we're getting them ready for school, doing all of our routine things, getting them off to school and then dive back into work and you know, somewhere in there having some, some carb fuel. I'm talking before I was in, in, in Ketosis, you know, getting some carb fuel in the morning, getting all them off to, to, to school and do the routines. And then by the time I know or you know, before I know what it was, lunchtime and I would carb load again and then an hour after that carb load, just a deep,
Eric: 07:29 deep dive. You know? And that's, that's that vicious cycle that we've talked about in a lot of people. Don't just let it sink in that when your glucose dependent on your brain, OK for that fuel, your, you're going to get away from it. You're going to go to a glucose withdraw. But remember, that's why you wake up starving in the morning because your glucose dependent, your brain is saying, hey, you got cortisol kicking off in the morning to, you know, start your day and raise your, your glucose some. But if your glucose dependent, your star, you know, morning where you've got to feed yourself carbs, because your brain, remember 20, 25 percent of your energy needs glucose to the brain. So as we said, it's a glucose pig. I mean, it's a hog and so it's got your fatty acids won't cross that blood-brain barrier. So we're dealing with a different playing field in, in Ketogenic, a nutrition, it's a whole different playing field. And that's what's exciting about it. OK?
Chad: 08:28 So talk to me what's going on? I mean, we can keep it pretty surface level so that we don't lose me and a bunch of other people. But why does the brain love ketones? What is it? I mean, why does that combination so powerful to where now in, in, in, in contrast from I, I explained what it was like when I was carb loading or not carbo-loading, but you know, glucose fed. Um, now the, the difference now is I eat lunch and, or breakfast, it's whatever it is, brunch a 11, 30, and my energy is boosted again, right? You know, it goes through the roof and I'm not getting that, that sleepiness, that tire. What's this combination? What's happening?
Eric: 09:16 Alright, with keto, you know, we talk about the ketones, Beta hydroxybutyrate being an energy substrate. So out there were saying, hey, they call it your secondary or your backup fuel or your alternate fuel. Well, I don't call it that. I call it my primary fuel. Glucose is important. Don't get me wrong, OK? Your body is going to produce a baseline of glucose because you'll need it for neuro-transmitters red blood cells. You need it for what they call intermediate and or a pyrosis. OK? That's when you go in the Krebs Cycle, there's intermediate, you're going to produce some other, you're going to synthesize some other substances like glutamate to Gaba, and we'll go into that, but those are important for cellular function, OK? For tissues. So the brain does always want a little bit of glucose. But what we're doing, I don't call it the backup fuel, I call it my primary fuel, right?
Eric: 10:10 So as our fatty acids, when we bring down the insulin, as we, you know, this is kind of a repeat, but always good. We might just be tuning in, but remember that whole goal is to bring your insulin down. All right? Cause your fatty acids from your adipose tissue to be released. It's going to go straight to the liver. All it's going to back up a little bit there because you're getting a lot of it. So the CDOT, there's going to convert to Acetylcholine, a little groups. All right here where we begin, as we've talked about before, the ketone production, OK? And the brain can't burn fatty acids because it can't cross the blood-brain barrier, but just keep in mind that Beta hydroxy butyrate, once it's produced in the liver, goes to the blood straight to your tissues and to your brain. Your brain loves ketones.
Eric: 10:57 It can't burn fatty acids, but it loves ketones and the Beta hydroxy butyrate. When it hits that Mitochondria were back there. All right? This is where everything gives you your energy. All right? As we talked before, when Mitochondria takes in that Beta Beta hydroxybutyrate actually converse to Alaska Tate and move and go into in into the Mitochondria, OK? But once it goes in, all right, it actually will. The electrons from that source will have electric transport chain. All right? This is where all the ATP production is. We have complex one, two, three, four. All right. This is where all the action is right there, and that's all we're doing. We're trying to get those electrons from Beta to your electrotransport eight to produce ATP. Your energy, and when it does that or you get more energy from a molecule of Beta, that oxygen, then a molecule glucose, you more ATP, but remember a complex one and three W I won't go detail that where you get electron leakage.
Eric: 12:02 Remember what that means? Electron leakage, free radicals. All right? Those are the two complexes. All right, so with Beta, it reduces your free radical damage, which is reactive oxygen species, which is the cause of lack of mitochondria function, lack of energy, lack of cognitive, lack of focus. In a nutshell, quick. All right. Don't get me in the complex. I like the electron transport chain. I really, really do. I get everybody to just fall in love with that and you know, everything you're doing in your brain from this molecule being converted to tape is where it all begins. I mean in keeps, you know, I'm, I'm, I met age, right? So I call my age where I'm at. I call it the [inaudible] drop. All right. I hit the teacher testosterone and Mitochondria drop, you know, I probably produce as far as mitochondria with my aging. And you're like half his youngest. I'm not hearing a little bit less than half, but I probably have. I can have half the Mitochondria. There you have. It actually dropped as I age. My Mitochondria drops. So I'm all about Mitochondria biogenesis trying to create new Mitochondria in taking care of my functioning mitochondria through fasting, through a top of Ge and other ways to keep what I have. I, I would try. <Unk> just asked, her. Phone's gone. So you're a big advantage here in many ways. Many ways. Yeah.
Chad: 13:38 So I have a question for you, might be out of left field and if this is just crazy, then we can take it out or we don't need to even address it. But we've talked a lot on this podcast about um, ending cravings, which we know cravings are obviously the brain. It's not the body, it's not the functions of the body craving sugar or carbs. It's the brain, the brain, right? And so simultaneously, uh, you know, with this, me noticing more energy and more clarity, I also noticed that re reduction or almost a extinction of cravings towards sugar and carb. So are these conditions.
Eric: 14:18 Yeah, great point. You brought up OK, fantastic point. It's so connected. OK. And the biggest reason why I say we come from a different playing field with to gen x is because what other nutrition program, there's other nutrition programs out there, you know, I'm not saying one size fits all, like I've talked about before, OK, it works with body composition and other things, but what other playing field will deliver you? Something that's the biggest culprit in losing body composition and changing your. If you're pre-diabetic, metabolic syndrome, nothing will actually curb those cravings better than Beta hydroxy molecule. The ketones, it actually, that's the most exciting part is when I hear you and others that I'm coaching and others out there that are on the Internet saying, it's amazing. I don't, I don't have these cravings. Well that's why you fail and the other programs, unless you really got people hounding you and you, you know, you got accolades coming at you every day and people support, which is great, but it's a grind.
Eric: 15:21 It's a grind. Perfect word for it. It's a grind because it a good example. My wife Lisa, she's not here, but anyway, she scaled out for Christmas. All right. That scale, she's been keto for a year. She scaled up from Christmas and then it went to the next day, to the next day and I said, well, when you getting back in, and she's like, don't bother me. Don't tell her lecturing me about this. I'm in a bad mood district. Whatever. Her too. All her kids were in la that she didn't see him at Christmas. So anyway, real quick example, she ended up going out a whole week. OK? And she actually didn't do. She ain't no peanut m an ams and quite a few things. And then she goes, I cannot believe the cravings I have. Why did they come back so harshly? And that morning she never has hunger in the morning.
Eric: 16:17 Well guess what? That brains back on. Oh, it's intense was I am starving like the old days. I'm literally starving. And I say, well guess what? You just reignited those brain cravings and then medically wise or just whatever attachment was there and chemically, OK hormonal cause your insulin's jacked up again. She spiking it. She was shocked. It was one week how it all came back and you gotta be careful.
Chad: 16:43 Good news is though I was talking to her this morning before we hit record and she's, she talks, she's, she went right back in and she's feeling really good. She's at the gym right now. Good. She feels like she's losing the way that she put on.
Eric: 16:57 Awesome. But you know, it's changing. And we talked about before, you know, when you scale out your, you're popping that glucose in pretty hard, that glycogen is like whoa.
Chad: 17:06 And you're stacking the glycogen. Remember when you stack like junior stock water and it's a lot of it's water weight. So when she's back off now she's going to drop all that water was scareder it really. Let me bring it back to our topic is. Well, I mean I guess, but she just, she just looked happier this morning, but we'll. Yeah, yeah, I agree. She, it just looked a little bit lighter. She just, you know, and I wasn't surprised at all to learn that she had had gotten back into ketosis. Yes. And she's back. In fact, I, I scaled up but I'm back in. I mean I was happy to see [inaudible] yesterday and I haven't been one millimolar for awhile. Always. Some we should talk about too is you know, where the range is. And for brain cognitive, I, you know, there is a correlation between how much ketones you have bay because I remember you and you're a Pi, your brain was on fire.
Eric: 18:08 OK. So there is a correlation to how much Beta you have, how much will function in the brain. Mitochondria. So there is, I've, I've had a couple out there that were in the fours and he couldn't even go to sleep at night and his brain was just, would not turn off just yeah, it was. And I had to explain to them that until you get your dietary fatty acids, OK, working with the indigenous fatty acids come from the adipose tissue being converted to Ketones, tell that reaches an equilibrium. Homeostasis, you're going to have higher ketones. And he's there. Here's the point where I could I bring them down. Cause remember sleep is uno. It's number one. Got To have sleep. But it does correlate, you know, they talk about at one millimole could be a 10 percent increase in energy level to the brain, which is huge when you think about it.
Eric: 18:59 So to 20 percent they can, you know, you know, like five millimole could be 50 percent. They're still figuring out the studies on that. So some days when you have a higher, a Beta level, uh, you might notice a little more brain cognitive activity because when I was fasting, there you go. What happened in my fast, the fourth, fifth day I was shooting two point seven milimole and my brain was just, it was on fire. I was cognitive. My dopamine levels in neurotransmission was active member. We're getting more 80 ATP, we're getting more activity. Plus you have a toxic g taking place and it all, it all correlates. It really does. But don't be out there if you, if you're low, don't take it. Like, ah, I'm not getting any brain cognitive or activity. You know, everybody's different. I mean, I could do your ratios of how much, how much a Beta hydroxybutyrate versus aceto acetate. You have it.
Eric: 19:53 Everybody has different ratios in. We're all different. We're different.
Chad: 19:57 Hi Friends, this is Chad. Sorry for the interruption. We just wanted to take a quick moment because we've had a lot of people reach out to us letting us know that they listened to the podcast, love the podcast, and would like to talk to us more. About the bio fit program, the bio fit lifestyle, but don't know where to find us a. It is at the end of every single episode, but we wanted to put it here in the middle just in case you miss it. Push stop before the episodes over. We totally understand. We do the same thing, but if you'd like to get in touch with us, you can visit us at biofitcoaching.com or biofit coaching on facebook. We're also on Instagram @biofitcoaching, so we hope to see you there. And back to the show.
Chad: 20:38 So can we talk about mood for a minute here? So, um, I know for me, I've, I've never struggled with, um, I mean just normal ups and downs, right? I haven't been, I haven't ever been a depressed person or um, that kind of stuff. But one thing I really, really noticed a quite quickly was my mood and how much I felt like I was in a good mood more often. And that was, I was at my stress, um, my ability to deal with stress in my ability to, uh, like I just, I just notice things like anxiety. My, my ability to just get on the ground and play with the kids actually is, is a, I'm better at that when I'm in Ketosis, I've noticed because my mood is lightened and I'm not as stressed. I'm not as head down. I can manage more cognitive, you know, I can, I can manage cognitively playing with my kids, but also having work things going on. So it's very interesting. But can we talk about mood? I mean, we hadn't mckay here a couple of weeks ago where he talked about clinical depression and suicide thoughts and turning those around with pieces. So what's, what's the connection there?
Eric: 21:52 Energy levels in the neurons are synaptic. OK? Presynaptic Post Synaptic, we've got that. Neurons have to have ATP. OK? Biggest issue is if you're not [inaudible] not functioning properly in the neurons, what are you going to have? Poor transmission. You're going to have poor blood flow. You're going to have all these issues due to a dysfunctional mitochondria. So the goal is what's so exciting about Beta and set the last state in the brain, it actually is giving you that boost of energy, clean energy, less free radicals, less inflammation. We talked about the inflamma zones that Beta hydroxybutyrate prevents and stops the cytokines and inflammatory issues. Depression is an inflammation issue. I have clinical studies and I could have brought and talked about about how depression is a route from inflammation, like all diseases are everything we can think of comes back to a dysfunctional Mitochondria and through that's inflammation and other issues and cellular damage from free. Radical damage. And that's it. Just remember when I fast those, those five days when my wife say to me and I took it
Eric: 23:05 thought you were going to be grumpy. Yeah. And then what she say afterwards, she preferred me fast, cheap, fast. Which we don't know if she liked to eric as a fasting eric or if she just wanted you to die. I could've been like kind of this old man. Finally. What's. What's your life insurance policy and does it cover suicide by fasting? They
Eric: 23:29 talked to you when they are in keto and they're in Ketosis. Their moods change like, like Mackay and every one of them. My wife, me, you and my mama buy a fish. When they scale out, the first thing I hear from them is my mood change. I am anxiety. I felt depressed and so you know, we're back to the, to the nutrition,
Chad: 23:54 you know, it's very heartening and inspiring to me to read story after story or hear a story from your client's story after story. I got off my anti-depressants. Oh, it's awesome. I got off my adhd medication. I got, you know, all of these. It's, it's unbelievable and I hate talking about stuff like this because I don't want anything to sound like a magical cure or that, that people are struggling with those things and don't continue it, but it is, it's happening. It's really. You can't deny the evidence of people person after person saying that they've been able to get off these medications.
Eric: 24:29 Exciting with antidepressants, if you study it, there's a book I called the new drug I read a few years ago and they really can't really beat placebo effect antidepressants, you know, their little way ahead, a placebo, but through all their double-blind placebo, clinical randomized controlled trials, it's their goal to say, Hey, we've got a crush placebo, but they really can't crush the placebo effect, so you have this drum that has all these side effects, you know, but with Ketosis, I can't, I've never heard anybody say upload just a placebo effect because day after day and they, they're, they're able to relate it to that crash they had in the afternoon or in the evening. And they're like, wow, I am still working. And I didn't even know it. OK. I didn't have to tell myself, I'll just keep working through it, work through it. It I didn't eat til 4:00. I didn't even realize it. Well that's not placebo. Actual brain function and I was happy while I did see if in a good mood who's in a good mood, not eating. I mean, when I was fasting and know I was a happy guy and I actually felt that he, trust me, it wasn't a placebo, it was not placebo
Chad: 25:43 after, I mean, we're not even done talking about this yet, but you can see after talking this much about it, how you can see why it bugs me that this isn't one of the hottest topics surrounding keto. Right? You mean like, why isn't everybody talking about this benefit? It's incredible.
Eric: 26:00 So you're right, you're spot on and, and we should do more of it because I'm about the Mitochondria function and dysfunction and you know, for your aging and for your, all your neurological diseases in any chronic disease. It's all there. But man, the cognitive is right there
Chad: 26:19 that it's not as catchy or sexy as, hey, I lost x amount of pounds on Kido. I get that. But come on man, like we're talking about our relationships. We're talking about our work. We're talking about our workouts were talking about our happiness, our mental clarity, our learning, our, you know, all of those things.
Eric: 26:37 And you know, what's neat about it is those areas in keto. OK, that get out of keto. OK. They just want to scale out or they're in a different phase in their life, which is fine, but what do they do? They will jump over to the exogenous ketones to maintain Beta hydroxy molecule to maintain them. Because think about brain cognitive. You know, we have silicone valley, right? Which is keto is huge there. OK, so we can do the Beta hydroxy butyrate molecule. What's the other avenue we can do to enhance brain cognitive and energy and focus your speed. OK, there you go. No, I jumped in and I probably never talked about this about two years ago. I jumped into new tropics. OK. Those are praying cognitive enhancers. OK. And I, and listeners, I tested with all of it. Address, Finola, new pap, a prostitute, a oxy process, [inaudible], no porosity, Tam and process.
Eric: 27:39 I went through the whole gamut and I thought, you know what? I'm going to test this out and see if it really does increase the focus because silicon valley, they're, I mean they're working 24, 48 hours straight there. They're using Beta, they're using nootropics and that's a big thing. Brain enhancement is huge out there and I'm not saying anything against it, but I actually self experimented with it and I tried all the different ones and I, I worked out with um, I trained with them, I studied with them and try different things with them and, and that's another way to do it. And um, I, I'm, I'm not taking them anymore. I, I thoroughly with the Beta hydroxybutyrate molecule and maybe we'll talk about another time. Sorry to get off on that, but I haven't been down that other avenue to increase your brain cognitive in your focus and, and, and I, I had some good self experimentation with them anyway, but there are those out there make maybe some of you are doing an nootropics, maybe not it.
Eric: 28:36 I liked the endogenous production of my brain enhancements start. I agree. If I can create it naturally, that's all. I'm all on board for that. So even even with. Yeah, we won't go there. I'm fetterman's. I'm trying to, but you know, I do see a Doosey adderall on and on some stuff coming out, you know, people that are, you know, attention deficit issues, adderall and what they feel. And I've had people actually say they don't need a, they're getting fed amine, adderall or vyvanse because of the molecule Beta and what it's doing to them to get them a little more, you know, focus. And we're not in any way I in any way. I'm not recommending mutagenic for children, but it's interesting, and this is another tangent, but right. It's interesting that we, we look at our children and we wonder why there's this increase in attention deficit disorders and that kinda stuff. And we're feeding them. Yes. You know what, I'm just not a strong enough word, but general mills just
Eric: 29:42 came out with some new sugar cereals. Hey, you're not there. They got some new sugar cereals and when are they ever going to learn? This train will never stop. And they're combating,
Chad: 29:52 you know, the only way that it will stop as if we vote with our dollars. That's the only way that it will stop if we're willing to start paying for things that are healthy for us anyway. And it's getting more and more really chastised for our tangent. So let's, let's move on. Let's go back. So we're talking about, um, we talked about this mental clarity that comes to how quickly can somebody expect to start experiencing this is for those who are considering ketosis and maybe this is the thing that pushes them over knowing that they can experience this, this mental clarity. How long is it gonna take for them to start experiencing some of the first experience?
Eric: 30:27 You're going to get his worst. You'll get brain fog, you, your glucose, the brain saying the Detox Kit me glucose. I'm going to force your liver to produce some of that glycogen and glucose, but your insulins
Eric: 30:43 down. OK? So basically until us fatty acids, they're being released until you're not fat adapted, yet you're, you're not fat adapted. So you're going to shove all that fatty acids to the liver. You're going to produce a cdot acetate at first and everybody's a little different on how soon they start feeling it. I never got the Keto flu. You did a day, but you did get it. It was intense. Yeah, I know. And I just had another new bio fitter and she said, I've been sick for two days and I sodium sodium sodium, and she goes, oh, I forgot you forgot. I looked on fitness pal and it was less than a one gram of sodium. I'm like, ah. So I pushed her. She feels a lot better on the brain. Cognitive itch. Usually within a week I see people starting to utilize some of that seat of acetate starts to convert to Beta hydroxy butyrate, and that's what really gets to the brain and the Mitochondria so you become better at it and more efficient using Beta. So once you get to that millimole [inaudible] and above, OK, even [inaudible] you'll feel it's their Betas there, but your brain still says, Mitochondria says let's, let's get efficient and moving this into the Kreb cycle into the electric transport chain and get it across. The complex is to make that ATP. Once you get that ATP production cognitive habits.
Chad: 32:03 So about a week was my experience. Um, it was, and what I would encourage people, what I wish I would've done, and I think you actually do this with your clients, maybe some form of it, my encourage you, my encouragement to people is to diary the process and writes down what you're experiencing, what you're feeling cognitively. Yeah. Because I feel like you can actually slip into this clarity energy state without noticing when it is over a weeks or a week and a half time, right? Because each day gets a little bit better. And it wasn't for, for me, it wasn't until
Chad: 32:40 like two or three weeks later and you and I are talking and you were explaining, you know, these are some of the things you're going to start to experience. And I'm like, oh my gosh, I am no longer having that afternoon, afternoon low. I didn't even notice it because you're just working like crazy. So to really, to really show your progress, I would really encourage anybody to just diary your thoughts, your feelings, your mood, your, um, what you experience at different moments of the day. And it will really show you the progress I should push that. I know I have a hard enough time getting everyone to do their fitness every day. Their workouts at Ata communicate to me every day. It's tough. It's like some people say, I already leave me alone or not enough. So that would be good. Especially on. It's a journey. It really is a journey.
Eric: 33:33 It's a lifestyle journey and hopefully it's one that's going to last forever and a big lifestyle change and you can actually help other people by, by what you write down what you've, um, experienced will progress is a huge motivator. And I think this is one point. Maybe this is why not very many people talk about it. But, um, this is one place where you could lose track of your progress, I think pretty easy because you just get feeling good and that's just it. That's how you feel. Now, you know, we're all about ketone production and if all our whole just to. This is just making the mitochondria and stronger. And I repeat that a lot, but there's no other nutrition program. Have you ever been taught that? If you went on this kind of caloric restriction diet or this Paleo, whatever it says, Hey, look what it has done, cellular watch liquid it has done in your mitochondria electron transport chain, your Kreb cycle, your intermediate starting to show itself sure as hell doesn't.
Eric: 34:34 Science is what's getting scary, not for us. It actually good is now your wrists, your cardiologists, your. Some of your best scientists out there are saying they're getting on the this keto train or whatever you want to call it, saying, hey, this makes sense to. You know, there's some really scholarly scientists out there that are writing books on it now and it's just getting bigger and bigger. It just. We got to do it right? Yeah. At least that's the biggest thing is that you're not doing a modified atkins and we won't go into all that. There's modified keto where you're a little higher. You take exogenous with it and we've got to go through the esters and the salts and all that. We'll talk about that another time, but a big w
Chad: 35:19 we are pushing the limits of our time here, but I just wanted to give you one last chance. Is there anything else that you want to make sure that our people, our audience are coming away from this episode with as far as it pertains to mental clarity and and Ketosis and I think there are a bunch of episodes that are that are going to spawn off
Chad: 35:38 of this episode that we can go into some detail about, which I love off awp also. Is she stumbling all over the place also? I'd love to get some people in here along with McKay's story, talking about their story around mental clarity, but is there anything that you want to close with? Do you want to make sure people understand?
Eric: 35:56 Yeah. Yeah. I think part of it is with those that are I, I coach. All right. Just the level of Beta hydroxy Beta it molecule. If you're point five and above, OK. Different Times of the day, you know, I, it's almost like a scale and you're like, oh, I'm point three. You're in a bad mood. OK, you're saying I'm not in Ketosis. Just remember that's a snapshot test in the afternoon because in the morning most people always test low. OK, that's just a rule of thumb, but I constantly in dealing with those that I coach at three, 4:00 afternoon, maybe early evening, that's usually your highest, you know, on Beta, so it don't get all wrapped up if you're not [inaudible], you know, I'm a point seven to one point one a Beta guy and I have plenty of energy. I have no, maybe I maybe. I really believe I'm producing more Mitochondria through my training through high intensity biogenesis. Mitochondria it, there's ways to do it. Increase your testosterone, so if I can do it at my age, I know through our plans we can get everybody ketosis and just make your mitochondria stronger.
Chad: 37:03 Yeah, I wish we could keep going. I love this conversation. Let's do more conversations based around this mental clarity because I think we should. We should make a more concerted effort to get this information out there so people understand what the therapeutic benefits of of Ketosis is. So thanks for biohack biohacking with us today and I want to thank you for joining us on this quest for optimal fitness. If you're ready to begin your own journey and live your life in Ketosis, be sure to check us out on biofitcoaching.com or biofit coaching on facebook. Lots of great conversations, helpful hints and tips there. And I also mentioned earlier our instagram, which is growing rapidly, a biofit coach at biofit coaching on Instagram as well. Also, if this podcast has helped you in any way or entertained you, we'd love for you to consider going on itunes or wherever you get your podcasts, to leave us a rating and a review. This helps us make better podcasts that helps us reach more people and we just love to hear from you. There's a lot of you out there listening and we just want to know where you're at, who you are, and have that connection and a thank you so much for listening. Until next time, Stay Keto!


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- Letter from Phillips & Gardner of Charleston [South Carolina] to Mess. Gardner & Dean, merchants in Newport, Rhode Island, regarding the sale of cargo from the Sloop Louisa, followed by itemized receipt for the "sales of Sixty Seven African Negroes." Includes names of purchasers Jas. [James] B. Phillips, Patrick Cassin, Alex [?] S. Rowe, Isaac Wellborn, Mathew [Matthew] Clarke, Robert Quash, D. Bradley, Pagan & O'Neale, Wainock, Jhl. [?] Meriam, R. Carter, and Wm. [William] Dabney.
- Two-page letter from the Antislavery Office, Philadelphia, giving notification for an Antislavery convention to be held in Harrisburg [Pennsylvania] on December 19, 1837, with the intent of organizing a State Antislavery Society. Signed by committee members of the Friends of Immediate Emancipation in Pennsylvania. Letterhead features engraving 'A Colored Young Man of the City of New York, 1835' by P. Reason.
- Ship manifest of "negroes, mulattoes, and persons of color taken on" the Steamer J. Johnson of Washington from the port of Alexandria [Virginia]. Includes names of ship's Master William H. Nowell, shipper George Kephart, consignee John E. Simmons, collector Edward S. Hough and 4 slaves, Thomas Goings, Ann Lurgic, Admonia Jackson, and Eliza Hilary.
- Letter from Arthur G. Homer, of New York City, to Francis Jackson asking for funds to help purchase two slaves belonging to a Williamsburg, Virginia, planter William Havis. They are the wife and child of a free black residing in New York, who has already procured several hundred dollars to buy their freedom.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
What was once a friendly and organised gym has turned into a miserable experience since pure gym took over from soho gym in Lewisham. They released nearly all the instructors, some of whom had been working there for 20+ years and had built up a loyal clientele. No notice, no suitable replacements and now most classes are taken by PTs who have had little or no training. It's a joke and dangerous to train with instructors who do not appear to be qualified to teach group classes. The entire atmosphere has changed and loyal gym members have left in their droves. The low prices are not an incentive to stay. I'd rather pay more and have the excellent Les Mills classes taught by proper Les Mills instuctors thanks... just as they were before.
CoolSculpting, launched in the US in 2010, is a technology-based system which basically freezes fat cells away. As discussed above, when we gain and lose weight, our fat cells basically grow and shrink, but our proportions pretty much stay the same. CoolSculpting is revolutionary in that it lets you target your stubborn fat with "spot treatment." That means the fat comes off where you want it too. And for the first time, safe and effective spot reduction of fatty bulges can be performed noninvasively, and with no downtime.
At Athenix Body Sculpting Institute, we specialize in body sculpting and contouring to give you the body you've always dreamed of without the downtime and difficult recovery of traditional liposuction and plastic surgery. We use the latest body sculpting technologies and techniques to give you the body you desire. Our procedures are performed by plastic and cosmetic surgeons who are artists in sculpting the body, so you get the best results in the safest environment. That's the Athenix Body Sculpting Institute advantage. Learn more about Micro-Body Contouring ›
What was once a friendly and organised gym has turned into a miserable experience since pure gym took over from soho gym in Lewisham. They released nearly all the instructors, some of whom had been working… More there for 20+ years and had built up a loyal clientele. No notice, no suitable replacements and now most classes are taken by PTs who have had little or no training. It's a joke and dangerous to train with instructors who do not appear to be qualified to teach group classes. The entire atmosphere has changed and loyal gym members have left in their droves. The low prices are not an incentive to stay. I'd rather pay more and have the excellent Les Mills classes taught by proper Les Mills instuctors thanks... just as they were before.
Allergan's websites may ask your browser to store cookies, a small piece of data, on your computer or mobile device. A cookie can be used to enable a site to remember information that you previously input. It also helps deliver content-specific information to you and tracks how sections of websites are used. We may also use cookies to understand your preferences and tailor your access to your preferences. Your consent is required for Allergan to remember your user details and preferences over time. If you consent, check "I accept." You can withdraw your consent by changing your browser settings to erase cookies from your computer's hard drive, bock all cookies, or receive a warning before a cookie is stored. Please check your Internet browser's instructions to learn more about these functions. Your consent is voluntary; however, if you do not consent to cookies being installed on your browser, Allergan may not be able to provide you full access to or all the functionality of our websites.
Body sculpting is used to tone down your body features and during the process you lose some weight as well. However, it is not an alternative to exercising and dieting. Massive amount of weight cannot be lost due to a body sculpting procedure. In fact, every patient who comes in for body sculpting procedure has to consult an expert who determines if the procedure is a perfect fit for the body type, and weight of the person. BMI (Body Mass Index) is the standardized measurement that is used to determine if the patient qualifies for the treatment or not.
You will be given specific instructions on properly maintaining your new appearance. Following treatment you may experience some bruising for up to 10 days. Depending on the areas to be treated, the procedure only takes about an hour, and you can generally expect to be back to your normal routine in two to three days, making the AccuSculpt treatment the perfect Friday afternoon procedure.
After you and your physician select the area(s) to be treated, the device is positioned on your body and controlled cooling is applied. A gel pad and applicator are applied to the targeted area. Vacuum applicators draw the tissue into the applicator cup. Applicators are secured to the treatment area. All applicators deliver controlled cooling to the targeted fat.
Maybe you've lost a lot of weight and that little extra skin is bothering you. Perhaps you've just given birth, but your clothes aren't fitting right. No matter what the reason is, the results of a tummy tuck can be something to look forward to. Tummy Tucks Can Smooth Stubborn Skin Folds After losing a significant amount of weight, the skin around...
Dr. David P. Rapaport, founder and Medical Director of Coolspa, created Coolspa to address the need in New York for a patient-centric, high quality facility where clients could experience top-tier body contouring in a relaxed, comfortable setting. Most importantly, the Coolspa ethos is based on patient education. Only by being educated about their condition, all relevant treatment options, advantages and disadvantages of those options, can patients make optimal treatment decisions.
During opening week, Friend #1 was our pioneer in testing out the gym. On his much anticipated return, his report was not entirely satisfactory. "It's quite good, but it does have the feel of a correctional facility." Not a great account, but I remained hopeful. Perhaps this merely revealed more about Friend #1's chequered past rather than the quality of Pure Gym.
Half time instructor just read from stuff we got sent second time guy was only interested in himself and first course only got 5 classes second course I gave up after first one hubby made it end which had to be extended as trainer n...ever turned up! What did we learn? To never do it again!! We feel conned and we're brow beaten by team member to do second course!! It was totally time wasted tonight my hubby went to last class he was home 15 minutes later!!! Shame on you puregym for not training staff to deliver a course of excellence and not even know when trainer wasn't either trained or bothered to turn up!!!! Totally ripped off both my hubby and myself!!! Omg this is NOT good PR for puregym!!
SOURCES: American Society of Plastic Surgeons web site. Frances Kuffel, author, Passing For Thin. J. Peter Rubin, MD, director, Life After Weight Loss Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. Stephen Colon, MD, chief, plastic and reconstructive surgery, Hackensack University Medical Center, New Jersey; Nolan Karp, MD, associate professor of plastic surgery, NYU School of Medicine, New York. WebMD Medical News: "Body Contouring OK after Big Weight Loss." Plastic Surgery Statistics, American Society of Plastic Surgeons.
The AccuSculpt procedure starts with a physician consultation to outline the areas of concern and discuss expected results. After a small amount of local anesthesia numbs the treatment areas, your physician will make very small incisions at the edge of each treatment area. He or she will then treat the areas with the AccuSculpt laser contouring system to liquefy controlled amounts of fat. Once all treatment areas have been addressed and the fat has been removed, the entry incisions are closed with a small suture.
For Marco Polo Club members of any level residing in Hong Kong, the partnership means they will now be able to get a complimentary 10-day pass to all Pure gym locations for first-time visitors, as well as a 50 per cent discount on any joining fee thereafter, five personal training sessions (at a cost of HK$3,250), and 25 per cent off of food juice cleanses.
As a Harvard and NYU-educated, board-certified plastic surgeon, Dr. Rapaport has a track record of over 24 years of achieving exquisite results for his clients, and is dedicated to providing the most innovative and groundbreaking new treatments on the market. He is joined by Dr. Darren Smith, another experienced surgeon in body contouring and other minimally/non-invasive treatments. At Coolspa, each patient receives a customized, one-on-one consultation and treatment that targets their unique trouble zones. This personalized attention coupled with expert skill and artistry is the reason why Coolspa is known as NYC's premier body sculpting center.
While contouring tones down the whole body according to your requirement, body sculpting focuses on specific body parts to be treated. For instance, if you have excess fat on your skin under your arm, you can get it removed through body sculpting without the need for any surgery. Other body parts which can be focused upon to treat with body sculpting include but is not limited to, inner thighs, outer thighs, abdomen, sides and flanks, large, broad areas of fat etc.
A typical CoolSculpting procedure in the U.S. can cost anywhere from $1,000-$4,000. Although the fat cells destroyed by cryolosis are gone permanently, it doesn't mean a patient cannot regain the weight. Regular diet and exercise should always be a part of a healthy lifestyle. Also, body sculpting is not pain free. Many patients who claim to have a "high pain tolerance" report intense soreness, swelling, bruising, or tenderness both during the procedure and up to weeks afterward. Always, always consult your doctor before trying procedures like selective cryolosis.
Incisions are hidden in natural folds or stretch marks. During the procedure, the patient is awake and comfortable. After the procedure is finished, the incisions are closed and a surgical garment or binder is recommended to provide support. It is usually worn for about 3 weeks, which is how long full recovery will take. Most patients are able to go back to a desk job in 2-3 days.
PureGym is a British low-cost, no frills gym chain that offers cheap membership without a contract in one of over 170, clubs around the UK. The gyms are opened 24/7 and offer cardio equipment, fixed and free weights and various exercise classes led by professional fitness instructors. They resign from such facilities like swimming pools, saunas or spa to reduce the costs of membership and maintain a high standard for every gym they own. PureGym is currently the largest UK's gym chain with about 450 000 members signed up at the moment.
Great gym, staff are very friendly and helpful. The gym is well mixed and diversified so all ages and background would feel comfortable at this gym. With lots of equipment and an area dedicated to free weights there are plenty of exercises to perform so you aren't waiting. Gym is extremely clean and the cleaners do an excellent job. If you have a lock bring it to use for the lockers or u can purchase at PureGym one there. For those looking to make themselves better join this gym.


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The job of the standard instruction module is constantly to publish a notice. You would need certainly to identify important info assess distinguishing figures or perhaps explain a procedure In the standard training component, you'll need to create a correspondence, however in the educational element, you will need to describe some sort of graph or diagram. Spend settlement or in the event you may possibly. Two questions may request which you summarize advice from a brief dialogue. You could furthermore join for weekly tips. Or if you're just writing a statement and searching for points. In the 2nd part, you are going to be given a card using a issue and a couple of specific questions to address.
You shouldn't be frightened to add comical stories..
When you're familiar with these factors, it would absolutely be very intriguing to you personally to really produce several astonishing sentences. You'll be anticipated to complete answers as you listen. You're offered a phrase and must write an essay. Here's my whole essay for the query below. You have to write all of your responses within the check guide and there's no additional time in the limit to exchange your answers. You subsequently utilize human body of your own article to look at factors in mo Re depth. 2 saying what it truly is that you are likely to execute in the remainder of the essay.
To the evening that is sixth, study your wart.
You'd have to discuss for just two minutes with this problem, which might be about your regular routine, the previous time you visited the pictures, your favourite area of the globe or even a similar recognizable topic. Ultimately, the speaking part will soon be held on a later date from the balance of the test along with in the presence of the skilled interviewer. There are sure rules and regulations for each subject in grammar of the language. Ordinarily, the most famous language is British. This is specially significant if you're restricted by way of a phrase allocation and also this method will permit you to rank better. You'll get marks for how well- organised your article is, which implies you're likely to shed symbols should you only begin authoring the initial notion that arrives into your brain. This article breaks down the distinctions between both evaluations to help you produce your own determination. More than 1.4 million test takers all over the world pay the check yearly.
Mention it within your project chart once you complete research in even more or one themes.
Don't neglect to use appropriate paragraphing too as you'll get higher marks with this. S O now you've got some understanding about what each evaluation entails, but perhaps you are pondering about which is better for you. The composing document is considerably more demanding. Every discursive article wants an introduction and also a significant body. You may also attempt and rate your composition on the foundation of the sample essays supplied in the passageway. The introduction is actually an overall outline of things you will discuss within the human body or your article. Thus, naturally you have to be sure as long as you're presenting. The second tasks are fairly related in that them both are discursive documents. The essay is generally a discourse of the subject of general interest.
Any computer program can be an ordered number of steps in a development language or signal.
The ideas expressed within the article need to be rationally organized and supported. Lessons on the ideal method to increase your writing for an article so you could do most of your research here on line. For anyone who is writing an academic article.


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The owner of such a restaurant represents an educator, a trainer or a shaikh. Buying from him in a dream also means hiring a worker who is trained at the hands of an experienced master.
If one sees himself roasting or grilling meat in a dream, it means that he may become a tax collector, a physician, a jailer, a torturer, a thief, or a murderer. Seeing someone roasting meat on fire in a dream may denote a wedding, a picnic, or celebrating the birth of a new child.
If the meat is well-cooked in a dream, it means good news. Otherwise, if the meat is still uncooked in the dream, it means a headache and stress caused by one's son. Roasting a whole sheep in a dream means money. Eating the meat of a roasted sheep in a dream means money earned through one's son. Roasting a calf in a dream means appeasement of one's fears, or news about one's wife giving birth to a son, or it could mean standing in court before ajudge. Eating anything that is touched by fire in a dream means profits.
If one sees a roasted leg of sheep talking to him in a dream, it means that he will escape from an accident, a danger, or gain a strong foothold, or become well established in this world.
A broiled rib in a dream represents a woman, for Eve was created from Adam's rib.
The chest represents plants and servants.
The belly represents the children.
A roasted leg in a dream represents woman's earnings that her husband regularly swindles from her. Ifit is uncooked, then it means slander or backbiting. Eating roasted or boiled meat in a dream also could mean hard earned money, fears, sorrows, pain and sufferings, an illness, or persecution. Broiling a female sheep, or a ewe in a dream represents an illness that may befall one's mother, wife or a relative. Broiling meat in a dream also means strength, marriage, health, wealth, the arrival of a traveller, love, unity, spying, telling on others, losing all benefits, squandering money, severing one's relationship with his family, cutting one's blood ties, or it cold denote a fever. (Also see Stakes)... Islamic Dream Interpretation
If the act is performed with a dry surface such as wood, stone, dry sand, earth, or a substance that does not stick to the skin in a dream, it means that one's travel plans may be infeasible, or it could mean that he will become cheep, or pursue his evil desires.
To perform tayammum while water is accessible in a dream means falsehood and hypocrisy. It also means hoping for forgiveness while adamantly pursuing the avenues of wrongdoing, giving preference to one's interests. in the world over his lasting benefits in the hereafter, preferring masturbation over lawful sexual intercourse, or being a hypocrite, and it could mean recovering from a terminal illness, or release from prison. (Also see Enacting; Ablution)... Islamic Dream Interpretation


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The research was based on the assumption that men who become muscular and physically attractive increase their number of sex partners and consequently their risk of HIV or other sexually transmitted infections STIs. Model suggesting association between sexual risk, anaerobic physical activity and muscle mass among men who have sex with men. Use of anabolic steroids and associated health risks among gay men attending London gyms. Muscle bears, meanwhile, combine aesthetics and health. When they really got buffed they had to change in the toilet behind a closed door.
In addition, their knowledge on HIV transmission was inferior to that of non-high-risk participants, they demonstrated a more tolerant attitude towards HIV, and had higher sex desire and loneliness scores.
Chicken Legs Syndrome, that unflattering body type cultivated by muscle Marys who look like theyve been pumping iron while in a wheelchair. It is a place where boys are aroused, and struggle to control those emotions. I am simply present, and sometimes naked.
Associated Data Supplementary Materials Author's manuscript.


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Johnsonville® Harvest Vegetable Pasta with Meatballs
Servings: 5 | Prep Time: 30 minutes | Cook Time: 25 minutes
1/2 package frozen JOHNSONVILLE® Three-Cheese Meatballs
1 tablespoon olive oil
¾ cups sliced zucchini
1 small red onion, thinly sliced
½ cup water
Grated Parmesan cheese
3 cups uncooked bow-tie pasta
¾ cups sliced carrots
½ medium green bell pepper, thinly sliced
1 ½ cups of tomato basil pasta sauce
1 cup cherry tomatoes, halved
1) Cook pasta according to package directions.
2) In a large saucepan, heat oil over medium-high heat. Add the meatballs, carrots, zucchini, green bell pepper and onion. Sauté until vegetables are almost tender, 5-10 minutes.
3) Stir in pasta sauce and water; bring to a boil. Reduce heat; cover and simmer for 15-20 minutes or until meatballs are heated through.
4) Add pasta and tomatoes; toss to combine.
5) Transfer to a serving dish. Sprinkle with Parmesan cheese.


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Evidence that P2 purinergic signaling in astrocytes regulates expression of N-cadherin and thrombospondin-1: Implications for CNS injury and development
Date of Award
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
First Committee Member
Ellen Barrett - Committee Chair
Purinergic regulation of N-cadherin and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), molecules produced by astrocytes that are involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, is unknown. I used primary cultures of rat cortical astrocytes to study the effects of purinergic signaling on the expression of N-cadherin and TSP-1. N-cadherin and TSP-1 protein expression increased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner with extracellular ATP. Cultures treated with a P1 antagonist, 8-(p-sulfophenyl)-theophylline, or P2 antagonists, reactive blue 2 or pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2'-4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS), showed reduced ATP-induced expression of N-cadherin and TSP-1, suggesting P1 and P2 receptors involvement in the regulation of N-cadherin and TSP-1 expression. However, agonists studies showed that UTP and 3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyl-ATP (BzATP), but not 2-methylthioADP (2MeSADP), adenosine, and N6-cyclopentyladenosine, statistically increased N-cadherin expression, while UTP but not BzATP, 2MeSADP, adenosine or N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine statistically increased TSP-1 expression, suggesting that ATP-induced N-cadherin expression is mediated by both P2Y and P2X receptors while ATP-induced TSP-1 expression is mediated by P2Y receptors. Using various protein kinase pathway inhibitors, I found that the ATP-induced N-cadherin expression involves both extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B/Akt. However, other signaling pathways may also be involved since inhibition of both ERK and Akt did not completely block the ATP-induced N-cadherin expression. I found that ERK, Akt, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase/stress activated-protein kinase were all involved in the ATP-induced TSP-1 expression, particularly p38/MAPK and Akt. Using an in vitro model of CNS mechanical injury, N-cadherin and TSP-1 expressions increased in a time-dependent manner after mechanical strain. Injury-induced TSP-1 expression involves P2 receptor activation since PPADS was able to block the injury-induced TSP-1 expression. In vivo studies with moderate traumatic brain injury showed that the expression of various P2 receptors changes with injury, particularly P2X 1 and P2X7 with increased mRNA but decreased protein levels. I have identified the signaling mechanisms involved in regulating N-cadherin and TSP-1 expression in rat astrocytes. These studies suggest that purinergic signaling may be an important factor in N-cadherin and TSP-1 mediated cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions such as occur during development and after CNS injury.
Biology, Neuroscience
Recommended Citation
Tran, Minh D., "Evidence that P2 purinergic signaling in astrocytes regulates expression of N-cadherin and thrombospondin-1: Implications for CNS injury and development" (2005). Dissertations from ProQuest. 2217.
Link to Full Text


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Roy F
My feedback
771 votes
Hi everyone, the engineer working on this item has left the company and we're working on replacing him. I wanted to give you that heads up because the work has paused, which extends our shipping date.
I really appreciate your patience as we work to get this back to actively worked on.
Well, it's been 10 months, so perhaps Suphatra left as well?
(a small nudge for a status update with a large hope for progress)
4 votes
247 votes
1,351 votes
We are working on supporting more than 4 videos in a Teams meeting. We don't have a date to share, but will update as we get closer to completion.
114 votes
275 votes
14 votes
The Outlook settings to delay or disable "Mark as read" had value, they would have the same value in Teams.
1,141 votes
The team is working on the plan for this feature. No dates to share at this time, but we will keep you posted.
11 votes
FYI - All team members can already edit channel meetings, which have the team itself as organizer. The key to doing this is to open the meeting from the teams calendar (not your calendar), then change attendees, rooms, date and time, details, etc.
So create a channel meeting in Teams, then finish editing the meeting in Outlook to resolve attendee and room conflicts, edit details, etc. where the environment is much nicer - a separate issue to improve. :)
6 votes
We had someone report posts missing from a channel on Teams desktop after they renamed the channel. The posts were there for others on the team and for this person when accessed via Teams web.
9 votes
4,299 votes
Thanks for following our suggestion to vote this up on SharePoint. It worked! SharePoint has confirmed that they have already started working on this and I'll be getting an ETA from them after the holidays. -Suphatra
341 voteson the backlog · Warren responded
This request has been accepted by the feature team and is now on the backlog!
The handling of participant video in Teams is a step back when compared to Skype for Business, which allowed you to pop out a participant's video, resize it and/or reposition. Teams does not permit those functions, which means we are stuck showing someone's video in a very small window and positioned where Teams think it should be, Sad that we can't take advantage of multiple monitors or very large monitors with LOTS of screen real estate that could be used to enhance the experience.
237 votes
The OWA team has added a "Teams meeting" toggle in the new meeting item, as a preview feature. If you'd like to try it out, please turn on ""the new Outlook" toggle in the upper right corner. We'll set this to completed once it's fully released by the OWA team.
This is available if you have "The new Outlook" enabled. Once done, you make a meeting a Teams meeting via a selection under "Add online meeting".
Microsoft Admin: Please set status to let people know this is available right now (as of Dec 2018, I think).
5 votes
8,762 votes
We are still considering this feature for future releases, and will continue to update the status when it changes.
I believe the value of archive is to inhibit visibility, both in the channel list and when searching. Proposed specification for archived channels:
o A Archived folder is listed at the bottom of the more channels view.
o The channel folder Archived lists all archived channels.
o A filter for "Include archived channels" is added to the filter forms for channels, unchecked by default.
o A SharePoint folder called Archived is added and the folder for an archived channel is moved under that subfolder.
2,979 votes
This feature request has moved to the planning stage. There have also been several small updates that have gone out already, as well.
I'll keep you posted as I hear more about coming updates.
Why do so many post about Teams not having search? It has search and it searches within messages, people and files, including OneNote. I believe improvements are needed, but search is there and it works.
I've seen numerous people search for something within a file and, when the messages tab doesn't show the file results, they conclude Search doesn't search within files; they don't realize you have to click on the Files tab to see those results. Perhaps that is happening to many?
Proposed Improvements:
o Change search results to show all results in one list.
o Replace search result tabs with check boxes to show/remove unwanted results; i.e. Messages, People and Files all checked by default, uncheck those you want to remove.
o Provide result count next to each category (e.g. [x] Messages (12) [x] People (0) [x] Files (3).
o Default Filter to current Team and Channel when a search is initiated from a Channel. The filter is displayed at the top of search results and it is a single click to remove the filters.
o Channel should be added as a Files filter.
25 votes
2,593 votes
So happy to share that this is off the backlog and we are actively working on it!
Read Receipt follow what is done with mail; i.e. it should require more than just being presented on the users screen. The user should either have to click something to generate the read receipt or click OK on a OK/Cancel dialog asking "Do you want to send a read receipt for message ***?".
A message should have a visual indication when it is marked with read receipt with different presentation for read receipt requested and read receipt sent. You would only prompt to send a read receipt if the message was marked as unread and a read receipt has not already been sent. Users would need the ability to manually send a receipt if one was requested and has not been sent (via more....)
Workaround: A way to do this now is to have users Like a message to acknowledge they've read it or performed some action. The advantage to that is that it doesn't generate new activity and noise for everyone, as happens if people post "read it" or "did it" responses. I explicitly put a request message at the end of a post to request this be done and to make clear whether "like" means read or done, e.g.:
Please add your vacation days to the team calendar so I can create on call schedules for December. Like this message when done with your calendar entries.
I can then hover the Like glyph to see who has completed the action. This obviously doesn't scale well, more than a dozen or so users is probably not very manageable.
49 votes
1) We also want & for R&D and are using RnD in the meantime.
2) Characters which result in bad behavior should be invalid and not accepted, rather than accepted and then problems encountered.
BTW - Are the problems with various characters documented somewhere? If yes, where?
3) Please allow all characters in names, even if you have to filter them out of URLs or file names.


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Born and raised in Vancouver, Ashley is the creative force behind GLASS + PAINT. Ashley is a strong believer in understanding her client's needs in order to develop beautiful, meaingful pantings. At the heart of her work is the desire to use her skill to make a positive impact in the community.
Let's paint something this season!


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39. Carpool Karaoke with the Local Diocese's Bishop
My meeting with the Education Dean was on April 26, 2017. Beforehand, when waiting outside of her office, I noticed, on a table, a three-month-old copy of the Trenton Monitor newspaper (from January 26). Leafing through it, you could image my surprise when I discovered, therein, an article about the local bishop, His Excellency David M. O'Connell, making a YouTube-posted, carpool-karaoke video about himself, another priest, and a friar having a "dancing in their seats," raucous sing-a-long while driving!
I considered it a little miracle that someone had left that particular, old newspaper (no other Monitors were around). I thought it miraculous because, via that piece about Bishop O'Connell, I recognized the following: any investigation by the Catholic Church into the miraculous nature of the message from the Virgin Mary would go to the head of the local diocese. Therefore, such an inquiry—which would contain details about the boogying SUV driver whom I had chased after I had perceived the Virgin's message—would fall into the lap of this carpool-karaoke-crazed bishop! Moreover, after reading the article, I wondered how culpable was that wild, SUV-driving student considering her theological role model. That I pondered because this bishop had made that video to influence youths at a Catholic conference(!) that took place well before Passover. Therefore, had that SUV driver seen the video, and to some degree, fallen under its influence?
A poem:
"Safety First" Is True Worship of Jesus
Fun, fun, fun! Who does not want to have fun?
The Jesus-loving one does not want fun
were such a fun to become cumbersome
and lead to someone's becoming undone!
Since God is eternal, Jesus' fun
is without regret: safe in the long run!
Earlier this very day (which, here, means the day that I am writing this segment about the carpool-karaoke-crazed Bishop of Trenton, NJ), I saw, in Brooklyn, a father leaving his home with his young daughter of about five. When the father exited, he ascended stairs; and, he did so while carrying a full cup of water in one hand, and in the other, a girl's bicycle. When I saw him, I thought that he was unsafely juggling too much.
As it happened, a male acquaintance of mine sat beside that house; and, I stopped and chatted. Then, we heard a sudden, loud thud! Turning, we saw that the girl, now on her bicycle, had, against the side of a minivan. dropped a scooter that she had been holding in one hand. Then, hurriedly, the father checked for damage. Going over myself, I sweetly told the little girl that the reason why she had dropped the scooter (which, she remarked, she was goodheartedly bringing to her friend who had left it outside her home): she was doing too many things at once. After all, how could she safely ride her bike and simultaneously carry the scooter? She understood, and the father thanked me for my words relayed very gently.
Then, speaking to the father privately, I told him that I, when he earlier had come out of his house and went up the stairs, had noticed him carrying both a full cup of water and a bike. Therefore, I said, the reason why his little girl did too much at once was because he, her role model, did the same.
The deeds you do may be the only sermon some persons will hear today. [This is often paraphrased, "Preach the Gospel at all times. Use words if necessary."]
St. Francis of Assisi
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athyme2bcomforted is taking a short break
Anonymous on Mar 23, 20125 out of 5 stars
These enchiladas are AMAZING! Everything arrived chilled and intact. Angelica is always a great seller to work with!
Anonymous on Mar 2, 20125 out of 5 stars
So yummy! Thank you so much
Anonymous on Mar 2, 20125 out of 5 stars
Delicious! Wonderful doing business with again.
Anonymous on Feb 1, 20125 out of 5 stars
If I had a million dollars, you would be making these for me at least once a week. These are truly the best tamales ever! Thanks Angelica! (DDSweets)
Anonymous on Feb 1, 20125 out of 5 stars
So. Very. Amazing.
Anonymous on Jul 5, 20115 out of 5 stars
My friend finally ate the pork tamales birthday gift and said they were very delicious, as did her guest. Many thanks for the quick, reliable service. Guess I'll have to order myself some soon.....
Anonymous on Jan 29, 20115 out of 5 stars
Great contact, very flexible. Thanks!
Anonymous on Jan 29, 20115 out of 5 stars
Great contact, very flexible. Thanks!
Shop policies
As required by the state of AZ all items that are prepared by me are done in a health board certified kitchen. I also passed my food managers class with flying colors. If you would like a copy of my certificate please let me know and I would be more than happy to email a copy to you. I also have my peddlers permit which allows me to sell food and then my TPT license for tax purpose etc.
All of the items at A Thyme To Bee Comforted are made with hand picked ingredients. I only pick the ripest and most delicous items available. Our food is all made by scratch from family recepies and by my artistic flair and discerning pallet.
I hope that you are tempted and tantalized by our tasty morsels, so please enjoy shopping!!
If you would like to bring some uniqueness to yourself or to your home, please vistit my other Esty's site: ATime2beeunique!!
Accepted payment methods
- Money Order
Returns and exchanges
**Please note that I am typically in the Kitchen on Mondays, and typically ship on Tuesdays!! If you need an order completed in a hurry let me know in seller notes!!!
AZ residents must pay a 7.8% sales tax on all items purchased and amended paypal invoice will be sent out reflecting tax.
If you are NOT with in the 2 day delivery area it is HIGHLY recommended that you ship via 2 day air with UPS.
A Thyme To Be Comforted will NOT be held liable for any packages that do not arrive with in the 2 day time frame if you choose not to upgrade to 2 day air (NO REFUNDS WILL BE GIVEN).
Additional policies and FAQs
While I love to participate in blog reviews and to send out samples to those of you who would like to taste something for an event I can't keep incurring shipping fees. Regardless of the size of the sample the items still have to be packaged properly and shipped via prioity mail. If you would like to sample one of our products please understand that you will be charged a shipping fee.


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However, it's hard to ignore that some of the graphic design tools Hallmark includes give you more control over your creations than even Canva, our best pick, which only has basic drag-n-drop tools. Also, it has more filters, fonts and effects than Canva, though neither program has photo editing tools such as those for cropping images and removing red-eye. Hallmark Card Studio comes with significantly fewer clip art choices than Canva, as well as some of the other greeting card design programs we tested. However, its graphics are high quality, so they are easy to resize and alter for your design. Though not quite trendy, there are a lot of cute and attractive graphics and templates that cover major and minor holidays and events as well as a host of other types of projects you can make, including ornaments, certificates and business cards. Unlike Canva, Hallmark includes templates for traditional single- and multi-fold cards. Hallmark Card Studio also offers a lot of support to help first-time users, including a searchable index, video tutorials and an in-software link to its website. In addition, it is one of the few services we reviewed that offers technical support over the phone.
Thank you so much for your beautiful prints. I have been looking for some maps to put on the top of my dad's old desk and you have just what I was looking for!!! So excited. I tried to transfer a print once and it didn't turn out so I can send a print to Office Depot to print for me. Again, thanks and I will let you know how it turns out!!!!!!!!!!!
Anymore, the price of a card can nearly equal a premium coffee, so "free" is a breath of fresh air, and you won't encounter fine print exceptions or surprise fees. Complete your Printable Card project using your home printer or send your creation as an eCard from our site via email or Facebook from your computer, phone, or tablet. You can even download the image or PDF file and save it to portable storage media, if you'd like to take your design to a local shop for printing. As always, there's no charge from us.
Marketing and promoting the business, creating new designs, sourcing products, and administration are the other aspects of running a business that will eat into the time available. You will need to allow for over half your time to be spent on the business side of things. You will also need to think about how you will handle the business if you decide to take a vacation, if you get ill, or managing extremely busy periods. This is why good planning is essential. It will help you avoid any nasty surprises later on.
I used this product with the Avery template 5388 from the Avery website and using Microsoft Word to print 3 x 5 cards and it worked great. The sheets are sturdy enough to take two passes through my Brother laser printer, printing first on one side and then manually turning the sheet over to print on the other side. After printing, the cards are easily removed from the sheet and have very smooth borders which look quite professional.
Thank you so much for this resource! I used it to download a bunch of great images that we have put on custom olive oil labels and big canvas shopping bags that have ironed on images. Each person/family will get a bottle and bag that coordinate, but no two are alike. We did the olive oil through The Olive Oil Source. This is what we are giving this year as our homemade gift! (We will add some spiced nuts too because our family would kill us if we skipped them.) I just cannot get over how awesome the feed is, but I do have one piece of advice (learned the hard way): Leave it open in a tab as you go through and download, so that you can pick up where you left off. I stopped after about 75 pages, but when I wanted to venture back I had to leap frog about 8 pages at a time.
Whew, it feels like we just barely made it through the Christmas holiday season, but now Valentine's Day is just around the corner! I made these ninja printable Valentine's Day cards at the request of my seven-year-old son who asked if I would design "some valentines for boys – with no glittery hearts or love and all that girly stuff!" After reminding him that valentines cards are for Valentine's Day and all, he finally relented and let me add a few hearts to the cards…as long as they weren't glittery!
There's just something about a paper greeting card that never loses its charm for some of us. We like to hold the greeting in our hands, feel the crisp paper, run our fingers over the words and pictures as if we were trying to absorb the essence of the message. Most of all we like to see the handwritten notes and the signatures of our loved ones. While ecards may be viewed instantly and forgotten over time, printed cards can be saved, cherished and shared for years. Although ecards have replaced printed cards in many instances as the more convenient, inexpensive and quick mode of wishing one another, printed cards still retain that special quality that electronic messages cannot convey effectively.
As co-owners of The Land of Lost Content, the world's largest archive of 20th Century popular culture, we're always thinking of new, exciting ways to make Britain's rich cultural heritage relevant to the modern consumer. Our greeting card collection with Hallmark does exactly that, and features images from the 50s, 60s and 70s in a 12-part collection.
Dear Britni, this idea is sooooo great! We don't celebrate Valentine's day but we will have our 18 th anniversary soon, and this will be a perfect gift for my husband! I really like having a basic idea but have to be creative how to realize it, Thank you very much for the idea!! I like your othe ideas too, but this was so great I had to write you :D! Keep up the good work, your website is fantastic! Greetings from Hungary! Reni
Hi Angie! Just wanted to contact you about using a couple of your vintage portraits on our church website. We're doing a promotion for our church directory, trying to encourage folks to get in and get their photos taken and I wanted to do a slide using the couple that could be a wedding photo and the one of the grandma in the garden. While it's not exactly a "commercial" use, it's a little more than a "personal" use so I wanted to be sure and have permission before using them! I'm a big fan of your blog and Facebook page and have gained so much inspiration from you! Thanks so much!
Canva is the best place to design greeting cards if you have a Mac, but you can also use it to create hundreds of other projects, including business cards, flyers, book covers and infographics. In addition to being stylish, Canva's images are high quality – you can move them around and resize them to fit your design without causing pixilation or creating jagged edges. And if you can't find the right graphic in its huge library or you want to share a personal photo, you can upload your own. However, Canva is missing some basic photo editing tools, including a cropping tool and a red-eye remover, so you need to edit your images before you upload them. Also, it doesn't have templates for traditional multi-fold cards like those you find in stores. Instead, it has templates to create flat, postcard-style cards. Another potential drawback is Canva is a subscription service. However, it's easy to cancel your membership, so depending on the scope of your projects, it can end up costing less than some of the other programs we tested. There is also a decent free version, though it includes limited access to graphics. The service's excellent support pages make it easy to figure out which membership is right for you or your business – its support information is searchable and detailed.
You wouldn't get everyone in your life the same birthday present, so don't settle for anything less than the perfect happy birthday card for your honoree. Start with a card featuring cake, macarons, or balloons in vivid colors and patterns that you'd never find at the party supply store. Cards stamped in silver, rose gold, and gold foil make every birthday a milestone (we won't guess which one). There are even new rainbow and holographic foil choices for the recipient who lives in the future, but can't resist a wee bit of sparkle. For something truly unique to the two of you, our photo birthday cards let you use a snapshot as the backdrop to your fond wishes—a lovely memento of the previous year, and the many more to come. It's easy to add photos, crop and filter them, and accentuate your delivery with an envelope liner or designed online backdrop. If you're a label-conscious gift-giver, pick out a card from design luminaries and master stationers like kate spade new york and Mr. Boddington's Studio. There's something for pretty, witty, or just plain silly birthday boys and girls, at every level of taste and rarefaction. (And laughs. Don't forget laughs.) We'll make it easier to deliver, too. Once you've chosen just the right card for your superannuated friend, use our online design tool to customize the wording and wrap up any lingering details with a figurative bow.
On March 3, 2015, Etsy announced that it had filed for a $100 million USD IPO.[6][72] As of 2015, Etsy generated transactions worth US$1.93 billion on its platform, which has 54 million members.[73] Etsy went public on April 16, 2015. The company's valuation was $1.8 billion and raised $237 million in IPO proceeds.[74] Less than a month later, Etsy stock dropped more than 8%. The stock closed at $30 on its first day of trading on April 16 and dropped down to $20.32 as of May 11.[75]
Before starting a handmade card business that uses artwork from another designer, be it in a stamp form or ready printed, check whether this artwork comes with a commercial use license or if you have to pay for the licensed image (once or every time it's used)? If you do have to pay for the image, make sure that cost gets factored into your pricing formula as you determine the per-unit cost of your cards.
If you are starting a business for the first time there's a wealth of support and information available including online groups. If you plan to sell on Etsy, you will find many tutorials available to get you started. You'll also find a wide selection of books published on the subject of running a successful handmade business. When looking at books, make sure you find books that are up to date. The market for selling handmade cards and other products is constantly changing. Another great option is online training and workshops.