text:
1, January 2013
Department of Industrial Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran. *Corresponding email@example.com
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, firstname.lastname@example.com
AbstractInappropriate management in some fields such as credit allocation has imposed too many losses to financial institutions and even has forced some of them to go bankrupt. Moreover, large volume data sets collected by credit departments has necessitated utilizing highly accurate models with less complexities. Credit scoring models with classification and forecasting customers into two groups good and bad can dramatically reduce risks of granting credits to customers. In this paper, a novel integrated approach for credit scoring problem is presented. This approach utilizes rough sets for feature selection during the data pre-processing phase and also adopts two hybrid sequences, Nave Bayes networks and genetic algorithm, to classify customers. In order to assess the competitive performance of the proposed approach, it has been executed on three credit scoring datasets from the University of California Irvine Machine Learning Repository. Computational results demonstrate that our approach has superior performance in terms of classification accuracy and achieves higher overall classification rate as compared to several other previous studies.
KeywordsCredit Scoring, Nave Bayes networks, Genetic algorithm, Rough sets theory.
DOI : 10.5121/ijaia.2013.4107
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA), Vol.4, No.1, January 2013
1. INTRODUCTIONDuring recent years, inappropriate management in the US and Europe has imposed many losses to financial institutions such as banks and insurance companies and even has forced many of them to go bankrupt. On 1997, only in the United States, issuers of credit cards have reported 27.19 billion dollars of loss and these losses have increased to 31.91 billion dollars on 2006 [1]. One of the main duties of a financial institution is to develop some sets of models and techniques to enable them to predict bankruptcy and to assess credibility of customers [2, 3]. Credit scoring is based on the idea of segregation of customers of credit cards and applicants of granting loans into two sets of good and bad. Hence, this problem will be treated as a classification and forecasting problem [4]. However, some researchers have used clustering techniques for preprocessing input samples so that they can follow the credit scoring classification process more wise [5, 6].Statistical techniques and artificial intelligence are both used in credit scoring models. Logistic regression analysis (LRA) and linear Discriminant analysis (LDA) are two statistical techniques which are mostly used in credit scoring applications; however there have been some criticizes to such models since in this models it is assumed that the relation between dependent and independent variables is linear [7, 8]. By introduction of Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA), researches prove that in comparison against LRA, QDA is more sensible to the model assumptions. Because of the nature of the data sets scorings and inequality covariance matrices of the accepted and rejected sets, some researchers [9, 10] have criticized LRA and Thomas (2000)has reported that LRA and LDA are not accurate enough for credit scoring [11]. Since artificial neural networks can easily handle nonlinear relations among dependent and independent variables then they were the next choices for credit scoring and investigations reveal that their accuracy is much more than LRA and LDA [12, 13]. But long process of learning neural networks in finding topology of the optimal network has been a challenge for a long time. Also because of black-box feature of neural networks they do not have the ability of extracting the rules. Meanwhile, neural networks are reported to be more accurate in comparison against decision trees and the K- Nearest Neighbour [13]. Other artificial intelligence techniques such as evolutionary computations and genetic algorithms [14], support vector machines [15-18] have been reported to have more benefits than statistical methods and optimization models for assessing risks according to experimental results. Combinatorial and hybrid models are based on statistical and AI tools and as example we can refer to neural discriminant models[19], neuro-fuzzy models [20, 21], hybrid model based on Bayesian approach for attribute selection and support vector machines for clustering [22], neural network models and support vector machines [15], fuzzy inference and decision trees [23], combinatorial artificial neural networks and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) [24], hybrid models based on support vector machines and genetic algorithms [5], hybrid techniques based neighbourhood rough set and SVM [25] and multiple kernels multi-criteria programming approach based on evolution strategy (ES-MK-MCP) [26]. Credit scoring models mostly concentrate on the modelling and evaluation stages of the data mining process while data pre-processing is less considered. However this stage can have great impacts on improvement of the final model performance. Wang at el., have utilized rough sets86
and tabu search for selecting the attributes of credit scoring models during the pre-processing stage [27]. With selecting attributes, accuracy of models such as logistics, radial basis functions, and support vector machines have not become worse. Tsai and Wei investigated the performance of a single classifier as the baseline classifier to compare with multiple classifiers and diversified multiple classifiers by using neural networks based on three datasets [28].Nanni and Lumini investigated the performance of several systems based on ensemble of classifiers for bankruptcy prediction and credit scoring [29]. Xu et al. proposed hybrid approach using link analysis ranking techniques to pre-process samples into weighted information, and SVM techniques to build classifiers [30]. Li et al. introduced a linear combination of kernel functions to enhance the interpretability of credit scoring models, and propose an alternative to optimize the parameters based on the evolution strategy[31]. Wang et al. investigated the performance of three popular ensemble methods-Bagging, Boosting, and Stacking- based on four base learners, i.e., LRA, DT, ANN and SVM on credit scoring problem [32]. Chi and Hsu selected important variables by GA to combine the banks internal behavioural scoring model with the external credit bureau scoring model to construct the dual scoring model for credit risk management of mortgage accounts [33].Capotorti and Barbanera suggested a hybrid model for classification based on the methodologies of rough sets, partial conditional probability assessments and fuzzy sets for classifying credit applicants into classes of risk on the basis of probability of default values [34]. In this paper, a novel integrated approach for credit scoring is presented which uses k-means for discretizing data sets and rough sets for selecting attributes and also utilizes two hybrid sequences, Nave Bayes network and genetic algorithm, to classify customers into bad and good. This approach is executed and evaluated on three famous data sets from Germany, Australia, and Japan and then assessment metrics including accuracy, recall, precision, and F-measure are calculated and the performance of the developed models are compared. This paper has some eminences including: first, it has adopted an integrated approach for modelling credit scoring which focuses on the data pre-processing stage and then tries to improve the performance of the credit scoring model by hybridizing the model using Nave Bayes network and genetic algorithm. Second, the developed approach is tested and evaluated by three famous data sets and its better results are verified in comparison against other researches; third, implementation procedure of the rough set and genetic algorithm has led to lower computational complexities and as a result execution time has been decreased successfully. The last specification of the presented model is that by using genetic algorithm, capability of rule extraction from credit data sets has become possible. The last specification can be used for justifying rejected customers, conditional admission of a rejected customer, and constructing a paradigm for customers in order to make credits. The rest of the paper is as follows. In section2, needed tools and algorithms including rough sets, genetic algorithm, and Nave Bayes networks will be briefly reviewed. The developed integrated approach is presented in section 3 and computational results will be discussed in section4. Finally, conclusion remarks are discussed and future possible research subjects will be introduced in section 5.
{x1 , x2 ,..., x N } which is a non-empty finite set and Q is a non-empty finite set of n attributes {q1 , q2 ,..., qn } which demonstrates the objects. V = U qQVq where Vq is the value of attribute q;f :U Q V is an universal decision function where the information function for each q Qand x U is f ( x, q) Vq .If in this information system A Q is subset of attributes and
x, y U are objects, then x and y are indiscernible if and only if for each a A , we have f ( x, a ) = f ( y , a ) .In an information system S a specific subset A Q of attributes determines an approximate space AS (U , IND ( A)) in S. For the sets A Q and X U a lower approximation of A ( A X )
from the set X in AS and an upper approximation of A ( A X ) from the set X in AS are defined as relations (1):
A X = {x U :[ x ] A X } = {Y A* : Y X }
A X = {x U :[ x] A X } = {Y A* : Y X }Boundary zone A- from the set X U in AS (uncertain zone from IND(A)) is defined as below:
To clarify the details of rough sets more, reader can refer to [35, 36] The below algorithm is recommended for rough sets:Step1: Constructing dual difference structures among the objects.
Procedure of lowering the attributes: for each two objects xi and xj a vector aij of the length n (number of attributes) is constructed according to Table 1 which demonstrates the difference of the two objects.88
Table 1. Structure of the comparator of two records from the learning data set comparatorq0 1 q1 0 q2 1 q3 1 q4 0 q5 0 q6 1 q7 1 q8 0 q9 0
This vector demonstrates the difference between two objects as q0q2q3q6q7. Output of this step is a list of polynomial structures similar to table 1.Step2: Omission of similar polynomial structures.
In order to omit similar polynomial structures, we utilize an algorithm called tree K K-means algorithm since it is similar to K means and trees. The reason to use such an algorithm is its K-means capability in omitting polynomial structures rapidly. Here this algorithm is described: tting means Algorithm tree K-means operates on the basis of two parameters K, number of clusters, and F, maximum number of cluster members. Structures are being chosen from the beginning of the polynomial structures list of step 1. lynomial In the first level according to K some branches are established and a structure will be set in each branch. Then, according to Euclidean distance, K+1th structure is allocated to the closest cluster from K. The allocation process lasts until the number of allocated structures to the cluster does ion not exceed F. The first structure to be allocated to each cluster will be the center of the cluster and will not be upgraded. When in a cluster there are F structures, if another structure wants to be another added to it, then that cluster is divided in to K clusters of the lower level but the center of the upper level cluster will not be taken to the lower level. Hence, based on this methodology the whole structures in the list will be set in the tree or will be similar to the structure of clusters so that they will not be omitted.Step 3: Merging the sentences
Polynomial structures are entirely arranged according to the number of factors one. Hence, a list is obtained where the merging procedure of its sentences having capability of merging will be as below:3-1-Set the i structure equal to zero and also set the j structure equal to the last element of theth th
list. e. 3-2-Compare the i polynomial structure with the j structure. If it is reducible then omit the j polynomial structure and set the i equal to the result of the difference. A reducible polynomial structure is defined as follows. Two polynomial structures x and y can be reduced to x if both of them have the para parameter q i and also there is no parameter like q i in x to be in y. Hence, this definition corresponds to x ~ y =0. . 3-3-Reduce one unit from j 3-4- if i<j then go to 3-2. 3-5- Add one unit to i. 3-6- If I is not the last element, then go to 3 3-2.89th th th th
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA), Vol.4, No.1, January 2013 Step 4: Determine reduction and core of the attribute.
Execute the step 2 on polynomial structures which cannot be merged anymore. The remaining sentences demonstrate the core and the reductions related to attributes.
P ( a1 ,K, a n | v j ) is rather impossible except in situations where the training data set is verylarge.
Using the easy assumption Nave, in which values of attributes are conditionally independent, probability of viewing reference combination (a1 ,K, an ) for a determined objective function value, can be calculated by multiplying probability of each attribute. Therefore relation (4) is:n
Where probabilities P (v j ) and P(ai v j ) are estimated by the number of iterations. Totally these estimations construct an assumption that can be used in classifying new data. The algorithm incorporated in Nave Bayes networks is the same existing algorithm which is widespread in researches [38-39].
Structure of the designed gene for this problem consists of several chromosomes where each chromosome is an independent (conditional) attribute. This means that if a data set including n attributes and one decision attribute, then each gene structure has n + 1 chromosome. The structure of gene has been shown in Fig.1.
Figure 1. The structure of gene For each gene a fitness function is defined according to equation (5). In this equation, is considered to be larger than . Fitness value is the gene score. Also sup port is the value that enables a gene, having conditional attributes, to cover the learning data set. Confidence is a value enables that a gene, with a non-zero sup port percent, to cover those decision attribute in a specific group.
In order to generate the initial population the value N is taken from the objects of the learning data set and then some number of genes equal to the number of conditional attributes are generated and added to this population. The value of the chromosomes in the structure of these genes is entirely -1 except a remaining chromosome where allowed values of its corresponding attribute is randomly allocated to. Therefore, the initial values during the first iteration will be N + "number of attributes " . Selection, mutation, and crossover operators operate according to predetermined probabilities Pmutation and Pcrossover in such a way that during a mutation a chromosome is randomly selected and then a number is randomly selected from the set of possible values of the corresponding attributes of that chromosome and -1. But in crossover operation, a point is randomly. This point means a breaking point and crossover operator exchanges the two parts of the gene located on the both sides of this point. Number of operations is considered as a percentage of N and also in order to avoid computational complexities, the maximum of population in every iteration is considered to be a GA parameter than can be set. The number of operations and the maximum population are displayed by %Op-Num and POP respectively. Also, if crossover operator performs on the max population then it will just operate on a percentage of the population with high fitness that this parameter is showed by %High Fitness. The below algorithm is recommended for GA:
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA), Vol.4, No.1, January 2013 Step1:Determining input parameters of the genetic algorithm ( , , N , %Op-Num, POP , max
Iteration-Num, Pmutation , Pcrossover , %High Fitness). The set parameters of the GA are determined by trial and errors which are summarized in Table2. Step2: Generating the initial population Step3: Calculating scores of each gene according to fitness function and arranging the population. Step4: Operating mutation and crossover operators and adding the generated genes to the population Step5: Until reaching Iteration-Num, execute steps 3 and 4. During steps 3, 4, and 5 we should note that in each iteration, population size must not exceed the maximum population size set before. If this happens then remaining must be omitted from the arranged population. Table2. Setting parameters of the genetic algorithm based on trial and errors. Parameter Name Value 200 30 300000 100 10% Parameter Name Value 60% 30% 1 4
Pcrossover%High Fitness
During the last iteration, we reach an arranged population which is the set of extracted rules of the genetic algorithm. In order to increase the quality of the rules, two predetermined threshold levels for two support and confidence are being considered so that only high quality rules are kept.
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA), Vol.4, No.1, January 2013Discretization Reduction Model
Rough Set
Figure 2. A schematic view of the proposed integrated approach Since a probability is estimated for each class in Nave Bayes networks then if the difference of estimated probabilities two classes in the hybrid model is less than the predetermined difference then the winner class is determined by the rules extracted by the genetic algorithm. In the hybrid model of the GA and Nave Bayes networks, if the extracted rules by the GA are not able to determine the new object set then Nave Bayes classifier will be used to determine the class. The proposed integrated approach introduced in section 3 led to 4 models called Not Rough +NB +GA, Rough +NB+GA, Not Rough+ GA+NB and Rough +GA+NB. Flowchart of models Rough +NB+GA and Rough +GA+NB is shown in Fig. 3.In other two models, there is notthe reduction stage by rough set theory.
4. EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS4.1. Real world credit data setsThree real world data sets including Australian, German, and Japanese data sets are depicted in table3. These data sets can be accessed from UCI Repository of Machine Learning Databases which is adopted to assess the newly developed models [42]. The German data set is not balanced where 700 customer samples are good and 300 customer samples are bad. For each applicant, 20 conditional attributes are registered: history, account balances, loan purpose, loan amount, employment status, personal information, age, housing, and job title. Australian and Japanese data sets are nearly balanced and include 307 customers with good credit and 383 customers with bad credit and the difference between the registered attributes for each applicant in the two data sets is only in a single numerical attribute. In Japanese data set numerical and nominal miss value data are completed using mean and mode, respectively
Figure 3. Learning process, Rough +GA+NB and Rough +NB+GA (respectively from left to right)
21 15 16
According to table4, classification accuracies for the German data set for the four models are 83.60%, 88.00%, 84.00%, and 88.20%, respectively. These values are obtained for models which use rough set for reducing the attributes of their data set. It can be seen that the sequence GA+NB is slightly better than NB+GA. Index values of Precision parameters in contrast to Recall is low which demonstrates that the developed models for prediction of creditworthy class are more accurate in comparison with the other class.
Table 4. Summarized results with 5-cross validation for German credit data setModel Name Not Rough+NB+GA Rough+NB+GA Not Rough+ GA+NB Rough+GA+NB Accuracy Recall Precision F-measure Avg. Std. Avg. Std. Avg. Std. Avg. Std. (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 83.60 1.06 93.51 2.61 84.73 3.06 88.84 1.24 88.00 2.15 96.57 1.37 87.57 2.81 91.83 1.54 1.21 84.00 1.37 94.04 2.18 84.79 2.73 89.13 88.20 2.20 96.72 1.07 87.70 2.92 91.96 1.57
According to table5, classification accuracies for the Australian data set for the four models are 88.41%, 92.61%, 85.65%, and 88.12%, respectively and accuracy of the models which have used rough set algorithm to reduce attributes are higher. Since the values of other evaluation indexes are high then one can say that the developed models have the same performance for prediction in the both classes.
Table 5. Summarized results with 5-cross validation for Australian credit data set Accuracy Recall Precision F-measure Model Name Avg. Std. Avg. Std. Avg. Std. Avg. Std. (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) Not 88.41 3.12 87.95 1.72 86.40 4.40 87.10 3.02 Rough+NB+GA Rough+NB+GA 92.61 1.88 90.56 3.38 92.83 3.80 91.60 2.07 Not Rough+ 3.45 85.65 3.49 85.64 1.95 82.92 5.47 84.21 GA+NB Rough+GA+NB 88.12 1.67 82.34 3.56 89.98 1.86 85.97 2.56
According to table6, classification accuracies for the Japanese data set for the four models are 92.12%, 85.91%, 92.42%, and 86.67%, respectively and accuracy of the models which have used rough set algorithm to reduce attributes are higher. Comparison of models 1 and 3 with models 2 and 4 shows the accuracy of the models without rough set to be meaningful. Also by comparing the accuracy values we can conclude that the sequence GA+NB is slightly better than NB+GA. On the other hand, low value of the attribute Recall, especially in models 2 and 4, demonstrates that the prediction power of models for the Creditworthy class is weaker than the other class.
Table 6. Summarized results with 5 5-cross validation for Japanese credit data setModel name Not Rough+NB+GA Rough+NB+GA Not Rough+ GA+NB Rough+GA+NB Accuracy Avg. Std. (%) (%) 92.12 5.37 85.91 5.35 92.42 86.67 5.19 5.88 Recall Precision F-measure measure Avg. Std. Avg. Std. Avg. Std. (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 77.10 35.18 82.91 20.43 77.71 31.26 68.43 14.45 80.43 30.16 73.19 22.45 31.52 78.07 35.83 83.04 20.42 78.26 68.43 14.45 83.24 28.04 74.69 20.90
Performance of the developed models on data sets from Germany, Australia, and Japan in ROC space are depicted in figure 4, 5, and 6, respectively. It is apparent that in this space, a point is better which has a higher true positive rate and lower false positive rate. Points in Fig.4 show that the models Rough+GA+NB and Rough+NB+GA have a better performance in comparison odels against others for the German data set because they are located at the north western corner of north-western ROC space. Also according to Fig. 5 and Fig.6, it can be concluded that the models Not Rough+GA+NB for Australian data set and models Not Rough+GA+NB and Not Rough+NB+GA for the Japanese data set have the best performance.
Figure 4. Comparison of model performances in ROC space for the German data set
Figure 5. Comparison of model performances in ROC space for the Australian data set
Figure 6. Comparison of model performances in ROC space for the Japanese data set According to the obtained results from Tables and Figures it can be concluded that it is better to test rough set algorithm on such data sets which have more conditional attributes. On the other hand, it is not reasonable to conclude that if a model operates well on a data set then it will necessarily give the same result on another data set. In fact, this proves behavioral differences fact, between customer who are applying for credits based on their culture and their socio socio-economic situation. As a conclusion, if someone wants to perform this process on another country, then other integrated models must be tested on its data set so that a more efficient model is obtained. e
Table 7. Accuracies with the different methods for Australian, German and Japanese data sets Author (year) Tsai and Wu (2008) [28] Luo et al. (2009) [6] Nanni and Lumini (2009) [29] Ping and Yongheng (2011)[25] Wang et al. (2011) [32] method used neural network ensembles clustering-launched classification GA+SVM Random Subspace ensemble methods MLP Neighborhood rough set and SVM LRA DT ANN SVM ES-MK-MCP Two layered Genetic Programming Not Rough+NB+GA Rough+NB+GA Not Rough+ GA+NB Rough+GA+NB Accuracy rate (%) Australian German Japanese 88.09 79.38 86.98 86.52 84.80 86.9 87.05 85.74 87.52 86.56 84.39 83.28 85.67 89.01 90.79 88.41 92.61 85.65 88.12 77.92 73.93 75.00 76.60 76.14 72.10 71.43 76.28 78.92 79.00 83.60 88.00 84.00 88.20 87.34 86.96 92.12 85.91 92.42 86.67
Our classifiers
AcknowledgementThis paper is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Ali Arkan, friend and colleague, who passed away during submission of the manuscript.
AppendixPseudo code of the used tools for creating the proposed models are as follows:
for each feature f in T N(c,f)= The number of Itemsets I in Dataset which I.f=T.f and I.Target= C pc= The number of Itemsets I in Dataset I.Target= C P(C)=P(C)*p(c,f)/ pc Select C with minimum P(C)
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Biographical notesAli Zinal-Hammadani is a professor in Department of Industrial Engineering at Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran. His research interests are in the areas of statistics, Quality control, Multivariate statistical analysis, Data mining and reliability modeling. He has numerous publications in international journals and conferences
Ali Shalbafzadeh received his MS degree in software engineering from Isfahan University of Technology, Iran, in 2011. His research interests include data mining and intelligent systems.
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications (IJAIA), Vol.4, No.1, January 2013 TaghiRezvan is a PhD student in Department of Industrial Engineering at Isfahan University of Technology, Iran from 2009. His research interests are in the areas of data mining, operation research, risk management and intelligent systems. He has published several journal papers and conference papers in the above filed.
AfshinShahlaieMoghadam received his MS degree in industrial engineering from Isfahan University of technology university, Iran. His fields of interests are: financial management, strategic implementation Model especially balanced scorecard, IT project management, Risk Analysis.


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The massive inflow of migrants that the EU has been facing in recent months and years has put the Common European Asylum System under immense pressure and has called one of its cornerstones, the Dublin system, into question. The EU has responded with a range of emergency measures. However, a thorough reform is necessary to ensure a fairer and more humane EU asylum and migration policy.
The policy paper by Henrik Enderlein and Nicole Koenig presents a comprehensive reform proposal that links the overhaul of the Dublin system to complementary measures in the fields of border management, internal security and external cooperation. The proposal aims at the establishment of a fairer and more sustainable migration and asylum policy based on shared norms, responsibility and costs. It is based on five building blocks:
- De jure and de facto norm harmonisation
- Fairer responsibility-sharing through relocation
- Upgraded external border control and internal security cooperation
- Global responsibility-sharing
- Tangible financial solidarity via a comprehensive Schengen Fund
If you are interested in this topic, you might want to join our conference "Schengen at the Crossroads" on 4 July with Peter Altmaier, Michael Roth and Antonio Vitorino. Sign up now!


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A giant zip wire said to be the biggest and fastest in any major city in the world has opened this week.
Thrillseekers will be able to fly through the air at speeds of up to 50kph (31 mph) as Zip World London touchdown in Archbishop's Park, near Lambeth Palace.
The double zip wire begins 35 metres above the ground - roughly the same height as more than 9 double decker buses - and will take just over 30 seconds to complete 225-metre journey across the city's skyline.
Riders can expect to take in unique views of the London Eye, Thames, Big Ben and the Shard.
Barry Shaverin, the founder of Zip World London, said: 'Zip lines and the greatest cityscape in the world - it seemed such an obvious idea to put the two together.'
The experience will last about 40 minutes including a safety briefing, kit up and a short wait at the top of the tower to take in the view, before taking the plunge.
Zip World London will until October 1, tickets can be bought from their website and cost £22.50 for adults, £18.50 for students and £16.50 for children over eight.


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For almost a decade Susan Matt and I worked on Bored, Lonely, Angry, Stupid; Feelings About Technology From the Telegraph To Twitter. The book was released May 1st 2019 with Harvard University Press.
VOX: Bored and Lonely? Blame Your Phones
Slate: Americans Were Lonely Long Before Technology
Lapham's Quarterly: Building Your Brand Crafting a sense of self—while trying not to look self-absorbed—in the nineteenth century.
The Guardian "Chips" Podcast: Technology is messing with our emotions: Chips with Everything podcast.
Blog // Los Angeles Review of Books: Pride and Privacy
Open Letters Review: Review by editor Steve Donoghue
Nature (International Journal of Science) Barbara Kiser reviews five of the week's best science picks
Internet History Podcast: Is Tech Making Us Lonely, Bored, Angry, Stupid?
The Unplugged Challenge Podcast: Changing Emotions in the Age of the Selfie
SonntagsZeitung: Achtung, wir alle werden Langweiler!
La Recherche: Emotions, Le Retour En Force
Urgente24.com: Siglo 21 vs. Siglo 19: ¿Por qué hoy nos sentimos más solos?
Grumpy Old Geeks Podcast: 342: Fortress of Solitude (starts at minute 27:08)
Standard Examiner: The Decline of Awe
Dagens Arbete: Under den digitala snuttefilten
La Giornata: La tecnologia ci provoca nuove emozioni
Zetland: Chat er for samtalen, hvad porno er for sex. Her er, hvad din telefon har betydet for dit følelsesliv
WICN Radio: Interview with Inquiry host Mark Lynch
Here's a Publisher's Weekly review:
"Weber State University educators Fernandez, an assistant computing professor, and Matt, a history professor, productively combine their expertise in this informative book about the cultural link between emotions and technology. Examining various platforms and devices, from the 19th-century telegraph to modern innovations, including Facebook and smartphones, they tell a powerful story of how new forms of technology are continually integrated into the human experience. A particularly fascinating chapter outlines the history of anger in American society, from a trait to be publicly suppressed, especially in marginalized groups, to something which social media has transformed into "a right of all." Another revealing section compares modern concerns about the narcissism of selfies to 19th-century moralizing about photography—perhaps surprisingly, observers then thought photographs might dispel rather than promote vanity, by providing people with more honest portraits than had been customary in painting. Rather than condemn modern technology out of hand, Fernandez and Matt simply connect emotional constants of the human experience to new platforms that alter how they are expressed and perceived. Anyone interested in seeing the digital age through a new perspective should be pleased with this rich account."


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What are the Signs That a Family Member May Be a Victim of Elder Abuse?
While elder abuse is a growing problem in nursing homes across the country, studies suggest that much of this abuse goes unreported. The New England Journal of Medicine found that approximately one in ten elderly adults has experienced abuse of some kind, whether physical, psychological or sexual; however, a study conducted by doctors at Weill Cornell Medical College found that only one in 25 cases of elder abuse are known by the relevant agencies charged with protecting older adults. In light of this, those with a family member in a nursing home or other long-term care facility should be particularly aware of the signs of elder abuse in order to protect their loved one from ongoing harm.
First, it is important to understand that elder abuse can take many forms. Physical abuse often presents the most obvious signs. If you notice that your loved one has unexplained bruises, burns, abrasions or broken bones, the possibility of elder abuse should be taken very seriously. In such instances, the care facility may offer explanations for the injury such as an accidental fall out of bed, but examine further and make sure that the explanation lines up with the signs and symptoms. Note that a nursing home or care facility's failure to give a resident their proper medication constitutes physical abuse.
While often less immediately obvious than blatant physical abuse, neglect on the part of the nursing home staff can lead to serious and severe consequences. Dirty clothes, inexplicable weight loss, a messy environment and lack of required medical aids such as glasses or hearing aids can all be signs of neglect. Pressure sores–also known as bedsores–are one of the most grave products of neglect. These painful sores can develop when an older adult is left lying in the same position for too long; the risk is increased for those with mobility impairments. Besides being painful, however, pressure sores can also increase the risk for infection and even death. Indeed, a study conducted by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality found that pressure sores can increase the mortality rate of elderly individuals by as much as 60 percent.
Emotional or psychological abuse by caregivers can also be damaging to older adults in nursing home facilities. Signs that your family member may be experiencing such abuse include nervous behavior, a tense relationship with their normal caregiver or a withdrawn and apathetic demeanor. Lastly, sexual abuse of nursing home patients is not unheard of. Common signals that your loved one may be a victim of such abuse include bruising around the genital area, unexplained bleeding from the vagina or anus and bloody or torn undergarments.
If you do see any signs of abuse, document all evidence carefully and report any concerns to the proper authorities. Consider consulting with an attorney who specializes in elder abuse to help protect your loved one from further harm.


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2019-06-25 - Etika - Desmond Amofah - How Does It Happen?
29 is too young, but any age is too young.
I understand it though; I do.
It feels right to have control, when things aren't feeling right.
But time does heal.
My "24 hour rule" is: "Give it 24 hours - until then; sleep. And if you feel the same way in 24 hours, you can think about it again, and give yourself another 24 hours."
Sleep and give yourself another go.
Please submit feedback or corrections to: nanch at nanch.com


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Eddy K
Dress Size (AU)
Dress Shape
Ball gown
May 29, 2019
This dreamy strapless wedding dress in ivory white was worn at my wedding last year (May 2018) and was an absolute show stopper!
The dress featured as part of the 2018 Eddy K Couture Collection(Style CT154) and features exquisite layers of organza horse hair topped with dazzling Swarovski crystal beading on the bodice to really make you sparkle on your special day.
I purchased the dress from Brides of Sydney on Clarence Street, Sydney. I chose to purchase the dress larger than my actual size. I'm a size 12 but I purchased a 14 so it could be altered with ease around my bust. Alterations were made only to the beaded bodice and it was not cut! The fabric was folded in on itself so could be unpicked if you're larger up top. I'm a 36D. No fabric was cut from the hem as I'm 6'2″ so I didn't need to adjust the length – it was perfect for me!
I'd be willing to throw in the 'House of Franke Stuart' white lycra wedding dress hoop for free also. This is perfect for ballgown dresses and helps to prevent you tripping or stepping on the dress while you're walking. This is valued at $299 and was also purchased from Brides of Sydney. It'll come free for whoever purchases this dress!
This dress has been professional dry cleaned by Sydney Wedding Gown Preservation and is preserved (using the Museum Method of Preservation) in a beautiful white long term storage box with acid free tissue paper and a viewing window. This cost me $400 (I can supply the invoice if needed). The dress really is in as new condition and for half the original price!
More pictures of the dress can be found on the official Eddy K Website: https://eddyk.com/wedding-dresses/wedding-dress-ct154. You can also Google 'Eddy K Couture dress CT154' and there are tonnes of pictures of other brides wearing this dress. The dress is in the Ivory/Silver colour way. It's a real beauty!
Any questions, please don't hesitate to reach out. I'd be happy to answer any of your questions.
Please note: the veil featured in the images is not for sale.
Happy browsing! 🙂


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Tuesday, March 16, 2010
'Have plans, work hard, then leave the rest to God,"
By Shevlin Sebastian
One night, in 1997, after having dinner with London-based friends, Dr. Najeeb Zackeria, the managing director of Abad Builders was speeding down a motorway towards his home in Milton Keynes, 70 kms away.
He had just finished a double shift in a hospital and was feeling tired. So he pulled the windows down, and played some music to stay awake. But, without realising it, he dozed off. He veered off the expressway onto a grassy patch of land. "A few seconds later, I awoke," he says.
Najeeb saw, with rising alarm, that he was heading towards a parapet, at high speed. He slammed the brakes, and the car spun around 360 degrees and came to a stop in the middle of the two-lane motorway. "By the grace of God, there was no traffic," he says. "Usually, there are heavy trailers and cars that zoom past."
Looking back, Najeeb feels that it was his destiny to stay alive. "This incident confirmed to me that man is never in control of things," he says. "In fact, God is firmly in charge."
Like any devout Muslim, Najeeb prays five times a day. "I ask the Almighty to show me the right path," he says. "I pray for good health and for protection from evil, bad thoughts, and wrong deeds." Further, Najeeb appeals to God on behalf of his joint family, the neighbourhood, and the community at large.
He also asks the Lord for forgiveness. "As human beings we commit many sins, sometimes, unknowingly, and so I plead that mercy be granted to me," says Najeeb.
He says that these daily prayers, which are of 15 minutes duration, deepen the sense of humility. "You stand, then you bow to the Almighty, you prostrate yourself, then you get up," he says. And all this is done after performing the ablution -- the ritual of washing parts of the body with water.
Like any well-to-do Muslim, Najeeb has done the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca. "The experience was most enriching," he says. "The moment I looked at the Holy Kaaba or the black stone, at Mecca, I had goose bumps all over," he says. "This is one of the holiest places in Islam. And there is such a deep connection to all the prophets. So I experienced a tremendous reverence."
Najeeb says that this reverence increases when he goes through tough times. "I don't get angry with God when bad things happen," he says. "I have realised that you cannot change anything, even if you work very hard, unless the Almighty decides so. Sometimes, when you don't wish for anything, certain favourable events occur, just because the Lord wants it to happen."
So Najeeb's philosophy of life is very simple: "Have plans, work hard to implement it, then leave the rest to God."
(The New Indian Express, Kerala)
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Grading Excavating Bulldozing Commercial Residential
If you can burn the debris it will be much more affordable to clear. Size of trees make a big difference. If it's all underbrush and trees under 6" you probably looking at $1500 an acre.... 5/01/2019 · Jeremy Leber, son of Len and Christine Leber of Shiloh, is in the sixth grade at St. Edward School. Christopher Hancock is the son of Douglas and Christine Hancock of Willard, and is in the seventh grade at Buckeye Central Middle School.
Cost of Land Grading Estimates and Prices Paid
Cost to Clear Land - Notes and General Information. These estimates are for BASIC work performed in serviceable conditions by qualified trade professionals using MID GRADE materials.... Using Concise Language – This is a great starter activity for this section. Avoiding Errors – If you read the sentences carefully, they can make sense with either word. Writing With Precision – The passage contains some incorrect words, and some redundancies.
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Forestry Mulching - Selectively reducing trees, shrubs and vines to mulch where they stand. Forestry Mulching is a new alternative to traditional land clearing when complete removal is not necessary. how to create a m3u playlist file If your land has only a few low spots in it, adding some fill dirt is a quick and easy fix. Use a lawn-leveling mix from your local garden center or mix sand with garden soil at a 1-to-1 ratio
Cost to Grade Lot 2018 Cost Calculator (Customizable)
Nearly 27% of the world's land surface is covered by mountains. It is from the mountains that up to 80% of the planet's fresh surface water come from. According to UN's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), about 12% of the world's population lives in the mountains, but over 50% are directly or indirectly dependent on mountain resources. how to cut and download youtube videos Many homeowners are unaware of how much slope (grade) is needed around a house foundation. This is an important issue because if land grading is not done …
How long can it take?
- Using Concise Language Worksheets English Worksheets Land
- Anybody ever clear/grade land? AnandTech Forums
- How to Level your yard « Landscaping WonderHowTo
How To Clear And Grade Land
The zoning regulations in this town require a minimum building lot of 25,000 square feet and 150' of frontage. The regulations also require the home to be located at least 20' away from the side and rear property lines and 50' from the road.
- To simply level the land, push back the topsoil, put down screenings, we were at $25,000 - $30,000. No trees to remove, a really easy, virtually level piece of land to start with - just needed soil removed and taken away and screenings put back down again
- New lawns can be lumpy and can cause damage to your lawn mover, or even worse, cause you to trip and hurt yourself. This how to video gives advice to help you level your yard.
- 1st Grade Writing 2nd Grade Ela 2nd Grade Centers Grade 2 2nd Grade Grammar 2nd Grade Classroom Kindergarten Writing First Grade Reading Second Grade Forward Idea could be adapted for various grade levels, not just punctuation but sentence types too.
- New lawns can be lumpy and can cause damage to your lawn mover, or even worse, cause you to trip and hurt yourself. This how to video gives advice to help you level your yard.


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Veterans Day: In His Own Words
On Saturday, the country recognizes Veterans' Day by honoring those who've served in the military.
Today, we hear from one service member, 95-year-old World War II veteran AJ Lehman. He lives in Columbus, Indiana. Lehman first enlisted in the Marine Corps when he was 19 and spent more than two years overseas, invading several islands in the Pacific. A stint of malaria and double-pneumonia nearly killed him during that time.
AJ Lehman in his own words:
"I always said as a child growing up we'd go to the parades. The VFW and the American Legion and how proud they were. I said well if there's a war, I'm going to go.
"At Tarawa, I was there in an invasion, I think it was about 10 days, and I got in trouble and went into a coma. And somebody said they had me in the pile of deceased, people who were killed. And somebody see my hand move and pulled me and took me to New Caledonia, another island where we had a hospital.
"And I came out of and couldn't walk. They were gonna send me to New Zealand for recuperating. Someone said the Saratoga is in town, it's a huge aircraft carrier. I wonder what they got. They had a first class hospital on there. So, that's where I went.
"The war was won by red-blooded Americans, that wanted this country free and all the good assets of life we were accustomed to.
"I tell ya it never leaves ya. I have bad dreams. When I first got married, I bloodied my wife's nose a couple times. She punched me, and, man, I came out of it! She learned to holler, she learned fast. But it was just instinct. I was still on guard. I still am."


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We can help. You can overcome drug addiction and have a better life than you ever thought possible!
There are many drug treatment centers options available to individuals living in the Wyco region. It is very important recognize each one of the varieties of treatment choices available in Wyco, AB., so that you can select the ideal rehab approach for yourself or a family member. Selecting the proper drug and alcohol rehabilitation program in Wyco is the central factor in the process of treating of substance abuse, drug addiction and alcoholism. The following info will help you to fully grasp your numerous rehab options allowing an individual to have the maximum possibility of a successful final result.
Let's check out the many drug rehabilitation centers in Wyco, West Virginia options that coincide with the circumstances of the person searching for treatment.
Inpatient drug and alcohol treatment in Wyco, AB. can be a rehab choice best for many who will need health-related treatment throughout treatment or individuals with considerable drug abuse histories. People can develop mental and physical dependence to drugs and alcohol even after a short period of time, so inpatient drug and alcohol treatment in Wyco is among the most reliable rehabilitation option in virtually all situations. On account of substance abuse and addiction, women and men will frequently not be able to recover using the limited solutions available from outpatient rehab centers in Wyco, West Virginia where alcohol and drugs continue to be easily available when they depart the outpatient facility. Likewise, individuals in treatment who receive outpatient treatment rather than inpatient drug and alcohol rehab in Wyco remain susceptible to negative influences and conditions which can get in the way of their process of recovery. When someone lives with an abusive companion or maintains associations which entail substance abuse, any rehab activities in outpatient rehab are done in vain. This is the reason in-patient drug rehabilitation in Wyco, AB. is going to produce more fruitful outcomes that will prove long lasting contrary to an outpatient drug and alcohol treatment facility where benefits could be very minimal and acute.
In Wyco there is both short-term and long-term inpatient drug rehabilitation. Short-term is a 30-day program, while long-term inpatient drug and alcohol treatment in Wyco, West Virginia is significantly more extensive and rehabilitation can last 90-120 days generally speaking. This is an ideal environment for clients as it is a secure drug free setting where they are able to heal both mentally and physically without interruptions. Ideally, men and women will continue inside a long-term in-patient alcohol and drug rehab program in Wyco for the maximum period of time allowed, in order to handle anything which might jeopardize their sobriety once they depart rehab. Because of the fact that detoxing and becoming physically stable can require 2-3 weeks by itself, the 3-6 months in long-term in-patient drug and alcohol treatment in Wyco is going to be time wisely spent and much more efficient than short-term programs.
The main factor of all if you or a loved one is struggling with a drug abuse or addiction concern is to get it resolved right away, call someone and talk to skilled addiction specialists and get an assessment and rehabilitation options to ensure the biggest potential for a full recovery.
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In a fairly surprising move, a comprehensive medical marijuana reform bill passed in an Alabama Senate committee late Wednesday. While not yet law, it marks an important step for the state.
Sen. Bobby Singleton's bill found favor with the Senate Judiciary Committee and a 4-3 vote in favor after little debate. The Medical Marijuana Patient Safe Access Act can now be considered on the Senate floor.
As Senate leadership could refuse to put the bill on a calendar so it can be debated and voted on, it may not end up making it into law.
The committee room was packed with a standing room only crowd hoping to participate in a public hearing on the bill. That hearing, however, was removed from the committee agenda prior to the meeting.
An anonymous marijuana supporter at the hearing, said he is happy the committee passed the bill. He has looked into moving to another state in order to purchase medical marijuana for treatment of his cerebral palsy.
Traditional prescription drugs have not been effective for him.
"I have been more than 10 years sober waiting for something like this," the man said.
Unfortunately for patients in the state Republicans, who have opposed the idea, have a super-majority in the Alabama Legislature. The medical marijuana bill managed to pass today with a Democratic majority.
In an interesting twist the favorable report was achieved because Republican senators Arthur Orr, Greg Reed and Tom Whatley didn't attend the meeting. Sen. Greg Albritton, a Republican, abstained. This could be politicians testing the water in order to re-align their platforms with what is popular.
Democratic senators Vivian Figures, Linda Coleman, Rodger Smitherman and Singleton voted in favor. The remaining senators, all Republican voted against.
Singleton, D-Greensboro, claims he lobbied hard to get the committee to approve the bill. He said he will continue to work diligently to get lawmakers to put the bill on the calendar and heard on the Senate floor.
In order to achieve his goal, in light of almost certain Republican opposition, Singleton admitted he is considering substituting the current bill for a constitutional amendment, which would then be put to a public election.
Singleton believes Republican lawmakers will be more likely to pass the Legislation if it leaves the decision ultimately up to the voting public.
Which brings up a powerful point. There should be more measures, especially ones that have great impact on society like criminalizing petty drug offences, put to public vote. It's healthy for democracy and prevents simple pieces of legislation getting stuck behind a few obstinate elected officials playing partisan politics.


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The Time for Healing Has Arrived with Pastor Chris Oyakhilome
Reverend Chris Oyakhilome of the Healing School is currently hosting the autumn session of the Healing School in Johannesburg, South Africa. This faith-based gathering presents an opportunity for thousands of people to embrace Christianity, and receive healing through Jesus Christ. Offered as a free service to Christians in need of healing and miracles, the Healing School welcomes attendees from all over the world. Pastor Chris preaches the Word of the Gospel, and it emanates from his very core. He is a pious man who lives by his words, and performs God's work as his solemn duty. He advises Christians to actively guard against the advances of Satan, and to embrace Jesus in their everyday lives.
Love Yourself, Love God and Be Healed! Autumn Session Now On
Pastor Chris has been warmly received by ministers currently in South Africa. He firmly believes that all people should treat their bodies with care, respect, and love. He implores all those who are not saved to accept the Word of Jesus Christ. Pastor Chris seeks blessings and love for all those in attendance, and in need of ministering, healing and miracles. The autumn session of The Healing School is attended by a myriad of guest ministers from all over the world. The energy that envelops the auditorium when Pastor Chris arrives is awe-inspiring. His unbelievable ability to channel the healing power of God through his words and hands has captivated the attention of the masses.
'Hallelujah! God is Great !'
The jubilation, ecstasy, and excitement that characterizes his healing sessions is unprecedented. The arena rings out with chants, of 'Jesus Christ is Lord… I Surrender to his Word', and 'Blessed be the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost.' Pastor Chris' healing sessions are accompanied by vociferous chants and rejoicing – as a tidal wave of healing is administered to those in attendance. People anxiously wait for the humble man to enter the auditorium, and his larger-than-life presence engulfs the atmosphere.
Cleansing, healing and relief comes to all in attendance. When the Word is evoked, people with afflictions find themselves miraculously cured. Diabetes, headaches, heart disorders, backaches, and other stress-related ailments are put on notice. Men, women and children who could never walk suddenly stand up and walk, in the name of Jesus. It is an incredibly remarkable sight, made more astonishing by the reality of his ministering sessions.
Truly Remarkable! Patience Nkomo and Kelvin Kudakwashe Healed!
For Patience Nkomo life was grim indeed. She was unable to walk and diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus as well as kidney failure. After she attended The Healing School with Pastor Chris, her life was restored. Much the same is true with Kelvin Kudakwashe who was struggling to stand upright, and diagnosed with lumbar disc degeneration. As a veritable cripple, he gave faith a chance with The Healing School and is now able to walk again.
Many such stories abound of miraculous feats, and it is thanks to the ministering work of the humble miracle worker. He has been lauded as a modern-day Mother Teresa; endearingly referred to as Reverend Chris of The Healing School. There is nothing ordinary about his faith healing – Pastor Chris is the Lord's vessel and his work is extraordinary. God is good – praise God. Hallelujah!


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Boys' 18 SinglesBoys' 16 SinglesBoys' 14 SinglesBoys' 12 SinglesGirls' 18 SinglesGirls' 16 SinglesGirls' 14 SinglesGirls' 12 SinglesBoys' 18 DoublesBoys' 16 DoublesBoys' 14 DoublesBoys' 12 DoublesGirls' 18 DoublesGirls' 16 DoublesGirls' 14 DoublesGirls' 12 DoublesBoys' 10 SinglesGirls' 10 SinglesBoys' 10 DoublesGirls' 10 DoublesBoys' 10 SinglesGirls' 10 SinglesBoys' 10 DoublesGirls' 10 Doubles
Your draws are now available. Please double check your site and your time! Please also note that we are having a mandatory check-in at the Fayetteville Athletic Club for all divisions before your first matches, regardless of what division your are playing. Thank you for your understanding!!
In Southern Level 3's, doubles begins as early as 5:00 pm on Friday. We may play either one or two rounds of doubles on Friday depending on the size of draws.
Double Tree Suites by Hilton Bentonville: Group Code UST; Group Rate- $104301 Southeast Walton Boulevard, Bentonville, AR. (479) 845-7770http://doubletree.hilton.com/en/dt/groups/personalized/B/BNTDTDT-UST-20171027/index.jhtml?WT.mc_id=POG Best Western Castlerock Inn & Suites: Group Rate- $82501 Southeast Walton Blvd, Bentonville, AR. (479)845-7707 Hilton Garden Inn: Group Code: NWAFC; Rate- $1042204 SE Walton Blvd. Bentonville, AR 72712. (479)464-7300 Courtyard by Marriott: Group Rate- $941001 McClain Rd, Bentonville, AR 72712. (479) 273-3333 Red Roof Inn: Group Rate $69215 SE Walton Blvd Bentonville, AR 72712. (479)464-4400
We will be using 4 sites for this tournament. The 10under divisions and 12Under Divisions will be played in Fayetteville. The 14's will depend on size of draws on where it will be played. 16s, and 18s will be played in Bentonville.For Stringing:You can swing by Pinnacle Country Club Pro Shop. 1 Wimbledon WayRogers, AR 72758Bentonville:Walmart Fitness Center(WFC)- 1701 SE 14th StMemorial Park(MP)- 401 NE Martin Luther King Jr Parkway Fayetteville:Fayetteville Athletic Club(FAC)- 2920 East Zion RdFayetteville High School Courts(FHS)- 1445 N. Lewis Ave.
Come see what all the buzz is about. NWA has been voted one the top ten places to live by Forbes and several other reputable sources consistently over the last few years. Being home to Crystal Bridges American Art Museum, the University of Arkansas, Dickson Street, The Bentonville Square, Eureka Springs, Walmart World Headquarters, etc. There is so much to see here!
Thank you to all of our sponsors this yearTournament Benefactor: Legacy National Bank- The Swope FamilyTournament Sponsors: Roots Lawn and Landscape- The Esty FamilyNWA Breast Care Specialists- The Menendez FamilyJW Coleman Group- The Coleman FamilyTournament Supporters:The Gentry FamilyThe Kessman FamilyThe Cashman FamilyThe Humbert FamilyThe Clardy FamilyThe Diebold FamilyThe Balasekaran FamilyHenry and Thompson Maner
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Centaur pg 9 6-6-19
- Details
- Category: Current Issue
Mason Stewart receives the ECC medalist plaque from ECC golf chairman and Bacon Academy athletic director Kevin Burke after finishing in a 3-way tie for first in the ECC Open boys' golf championship May 30. Photo by Rich Garceau/The Woodstock Academy.
Both Woodstock Academy coach Rich Garceau and golfer Mason Stewart remembered how the senior started.
"From where he was as a freshman to where he is now is special," Garceau said May 30 after he had just watched Stewart share first-place honors with two other golfers at the ECC Open boys' golf championship.
"To be honest, he struggled to break 60 (in 9 holes) as a freshman. He could have packed it in," Garceau said. "That's the great thing about doing this. You see a kid who wants to get better and they do all the right things to put themselves in this position. I'm thrilled for Mason."
Stewart shocked himself just a bit.
He shot a 75 to tie Killingly's Nolan Marcoux and Tourtellotte's Jared Belanger for the medalist honors.
"I surprised myself. I putted way better than I ever have. I had the round of my life and tied some really great golfers. Nothing to complain about," Stewart said.
Garceau may beg to differ a bit on that.
Stewart did have some struggles on the course although the coach blamed himself a bit for those.
"The only bad holes he had was when I showed up. So after I realized that, I tried to make myself scarce," Garceau said with a laugh. "Mason has the ability to scramble. He put himself in some really bad places (Thursday) and was able to put it behind him."
The highlight for Stewart came where many could see.
Belanger, who was in Stewart's group, was up on Stewart by a shot going into the 18th hole.
The Woodstock Academy senior had 195 yards in to the par-5 after his drive.
Since he was down wind and it was a little breezy, Stewart opted to drop down from a 6-iron to his seven.
Good choice.
He put the ball on the green, 10 feet from the hole.
Belanger was 25-feet from the hole in the fringe, putted before Stewart, and sank the birdie putt.
"My heart kind of dropped," Stewart said. "I thought, 'Well, we just have to make this one.' I read it and I hit it perfectly. I gave it a big Tiger (Woods) fist pump."
The eagle for Stewart pulled him into a tie with both Belanger and Marcoux. The Killingly golfer was in one of the first groups to come off the course and was sitting for quite a while alone atop the leaderboard.
Stewart said his short game was on Thursday.
Anything inside 100 yards, he was up-and-down on.
The only place he struggled, at times, was off the tee.
He wasn't bothered by the breezy, almost raw conditions.
"I liked it," Stewart said. "The wind wasn't too much. It helped you on some shots, against you on others. You learn to accept it and play with it."
The thing about Stewart is that he is a gamer.
"He worked hard," Garceau said of Stewart's development. "He did everything he needed to do. He listened to advice which, sometimes, for a kid is an amazing characteristic; be willing to listen and then, put it into action. He got himself out. Instead of sitting around the whole summer, he played tournaments, he practiced chipping in his backyard. He had the desire and some natural athleticism. You put all of that together and, next thing you know, you have an ECC championship golfer."
The team, as a whole, had its difficulties with the Great Neck course.
The Centaurs finished with a 354 total, 31 strokes behind East Lyme which won its first ECC title since 1973, but good enough for a fifth-place finish.
"I know some of the guys are disappointed with the way they played. I was glad I could come in with a low score so we finished pretty well in the ECC. The difference from the beginning of the year to now, as a group, even off the golf course is a lot better. I couldn't ask for a better team," Stewart said.
Owen Borski tied for 19th with an 88 with Liam McDermott (94) in 33rd; Jake Starr (97) in 38th and Robert Maheu (101) in 42nd.
"They were disappointed, they had their struggles and had some of their better scores (Wednesday in a tie with Killingly). That's fine. Wednesday was great and I was really pleased with finishing strong. The thing that really made me happy was when we got done, went into the clubhouse and were sitting together, that no one seemed to care if they played a bad round. Everybody was thrilled for Mason, knowing where he came from and where he is at now. Now, he's going to graduate and serve his country in a few weeks. I think it was pretty special to see all the guys rally around him," Garceau said.
Stewart is going to enlist in the Army.
The season was not over for the Centaurs.
They went back out on the course for another 18-hole endeavor at the Division II state championship June 3. The tournament ended too late for this edition.
Earlier in the week, The Centaurs earned a split with Killingly, 3 ½ - 3 ½ .
The tie with Woodstock Academy meant Killingly shared the ECC Division II regular season title with Waterford.
Both sported a 4-1-1 divisional record and both the Redmen and Lancers tied one of their matches with the Centaurs (0-4-2).
Stewart and Killingly's Marcoux shared a point, both shot a 4-over par 40.
Borski (42), McDermott (47) and Maheu (43) scored wins for Woodstock Academy while Killingly (17-1-2) took the two team aggregate points.
The Redmen just edged the Centaurs in total strokes, 168-171. The Centaurs finished the regular season with a 9-6-2 record.
Marc Allard
Sports Information Director
The Woodstock Academy


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Up Close and Personal with 'Frank and Fearless'
The Callsheet catches up with prolific writer, director and producer, Gray Hofmeyr, and actor Themba Nthuli to find out more about their film, Frank and Fearless.
Why is Frank and Fearless different from the other films you've worked on over the years?
Gray Hofmeyr: It is certainly different from any film I have done with Leon. We have put big effort into a strong crossover storyline which will hopefully take it into the international market. It is a bit like when we made Sweet & Short all those years ago, the first film I did with Leon, where we departed from the Oh Schucks movies of Leon's early career into solid storytelling.
What was it like working with Leon, what did you enjoy most about this film?
Themba Ntuli: Working with Leon was a dream come true, not only for myself but even for my family. Being a short individual, I have always looked up to the Alfred- Leon collaboration and I have always had a desire to one day be in collaboration with the both of them – and it finally happened. This film has taught me a lot about our cinematic legends and just how long it took them to build and create their legacies and brands.
What I enjoyed the most working in the Frank and Fearless movie with firstly laughing at Leon's gags and seeing them in real life. Also, working with a strong and willing crew. Everyone we worked with was lovely and passionate about the job and we were all a big, big family. So that was a nice touch to the film's experience.
How was the concept thought out and built on?
Gray Hofmeyr: We have been working on this script since 2013, when we thought, "Let's make a story around an old reprobate, a rural kid, his big dog, and a baby rhino." Like all good stories, it started with something simple. Then we got Australian writer Geoff Newton involved, and we started really brainstorming. After 14 drafts of the script, we were ready.
What was your favourite moment from the production?
Gray Hofmeyr: Seeing the first 3D animated shots of Reini, our baby rhino, coming through the process. I thought, "We have cracked it!"
Tell us about going from a more serious production like Meerkat Maantuig to a comedy?
Themba Ntuli: It's been quite the challenge. But the beautiful thing is that even though Meerkat was a serious fantasy film, you had lots of light-hearted moments and the fact that my character was also a very hopeful character that thoroughly enjoyed life, and now shifting into the Fearless character felt like putting on another pair of gloves. Both films and characters have been such a perfect fit that the transition wasn't too difficult. The demands [of going] from one film to the other were quite extreme in comparison, but as a disciplined actor, one needs to learn to pace oneself, develop to fit into any role and do the best that you can.
What are your methods for getting the best performance out in any medium?
Themba Ntuli: My methods are firstly prayer. I believe that in everything that I do, God must get the glory, so to enquire how best to glorify Him is the first step because it's not always easy to get work, so I must give thanks to Him. I then go through the entire script at least twice and see if there is anything similar I might have done in comparison to the character I have now. Then I have to find a way of how best to play a certain role completely differently, and also being careful of not being too critical in the process but to allow myself to develop the character as we go.
Doing a table read and getting to know what the director intends to do also gives me as an actor a bit of a perspective in what is expected. I then apply my knowledge of acting with the talent of acting and work out a formula for how best to execute this role for all the days that we'll be on set.
Any plans in the pipeline for 2019 yet?
Gray Hofmeyr: Yes, I am developing a romantic comedy which is going to be a winner. Watch this space.
As a producer, tell us why you enjoy working with Leon Schuster?
Gray Hofmeyr: It is the comedy script creation process; he brings the comedy, and I bring the dramatic structure. We are a good team, we complement each other.
What's your secret to making good TV or a successful film? (Gray Hofmeyr)
- Tell a great story.
- Structure the cliffhangers.
- Get great dialogue, the tighter the better.
- Cast good actors.
- Support the actors so you get great performances. Everything else is secondary.
How healthy would you say the South African film industry is right now?
Gray Hofmeyr: Within the confines of a struggling economy, we are doing okay. We are still making movies and there are talented young writers and directors coming through all the time. We have a lot of talent, new talent, black talent, coming through – that's great! The dti and other government departments are doing good work in supporting the industry. Thanks, because without them we would be nothing. What we need is a stable economy.
Just for Fun
We asked Gray what his favourite things were …
Favourite animal? Rottweilers
Favourite food? Seared tuna
Favourite book? Shantaram by Gregory David Roberts
Favourite film? Phantom of the Paradise
Favourite place to go on holiday? Greece


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Are you searching for the stock ROM firmware of your device Land Rover V9 Plus? If sure your reply, you might be on the fitting web page. Now we have given the direct link to download Land Rover V9 Plus firmware.
Download Land Rover V9 Plus stock ROM from right here, flash it in your device and benefit from the native Android expertise once more. The download file incorporates the USB driver, flash tool, and the scatter file.
Download Land Rover V9 Plus Firmware
Firmware File Title: LandRover_V9_Plus_MT6580_20171114_5.1.zip
Firmware File Measurement: 689 MB
Android OS Version: 5.1
How To Flash Stock ROM Firmware On Land Rover V9 Plus
Step 1: Download the stock ROM zip file given above and extract it in your computer. You'll discover SP flash tool and Android scatter file after extracting.
Step 2: Now download Land Rover V9 Plus USB driver and set up it in your computer. In case you probably have already put in USB driver in your computer skip this step.
Step 3: Subsequent, change off your Land Rover V9 Plus smartphone and take away the battery (it's detachable).
Step 4: Now go to the extracted folder in Step 1 and open up the SP Flash Device sub-folder. You'll discover "Flash_tool.exe" file in it. Launch it.
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"We'll take the other 4000."
In the spring of 1979, as desperate refugees fled persecution and chaos in Southeast Asia, Canada's capital city and its Mayor Marion Dewar bravely stepped up to the plate in an effort to resettle thousands of those displaced by conflict. Project 4000, as it came to be know, marked the beginning of large scale resettlement programs in Canada.
Listen as Brian Buckley, author of "The Gift of Freedom", describes a "luminous summer in Ottawa".Read More


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—Adrien K. Wing, Bessie Dutton Murray Professor of Law, University of Iowa College of Law The world was in shock and awe in the winter of 2010 when Tunisia, a small North African country, was able to remove its twenty-three-year leader President Zine El Abedine Ben Ali from power in less than a month—and with
Comparative Access to Justice
— Steven D. Schwinn, Associate Professor of Law, The John Marshall Law School Access to justice is one of the more widely recognized privileges in constitutional law and international human rights today. All of the most progressive and contemporary constitutions and human rights instruments recognize some form of it. The South Africans, the Germans, the
Five Electoral Systems that make even less sense than the Electoral College
–Daniel Lansberg-Rodríguez and Tom Ginsburg, University of Chicago Law School [reprinted from www.foreignpolicy.com] Grousing about our arcane and nonsensical Electoral College, and calling publicly for its end, have by now become time-honored election season traditions in the United States. This year, even the Russians, themselves no paragons of functional democracy, have gotten in on the
Making Government Work for the 99%? (And the 53%? And the 47%)?: Why we Need to Re-think the Separation in the Separation of Powers
—Eoin Carolan, Lecturer in Law, University College Dublin Has the separation of powers outlived its usefulness? After all, contemporary government bears little if any resemblance to the 18th century structures on which Montesquieu's influential account of the separation of powers was modelled. Nor does government today mirror to a significant degree the adapted institutional arrangements
Constitutional Comparativism and Splendid Isolation?
—Jaakko Husa, Professor, Legal Culture and Legal Linguistics, University of Lapland, Finland Long gone are the days when comparative law was ruled by private law scholars only. After the collapse of socialism we have experienced a global expansion of constitutionalism, judicial review, and human rights. Comparative constitutional law now has much more vigor than it
Designing Administrative Law: Free Trade vs. Accountability Networks
—Francesca Bignami, Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School In seeking to guarantee market access, international trade regimes generally include not only a substantive component, for instance a commitment to non-discriminatory product safety regulation, but also a procedural component designed to ensure that foreign firms can make themselves heard in the domestic administrative process. In
Putting New Wine Into Old Wineskins—Same-Sex Marriage in the African Context: Upholding Traditional Values and Defining Human Rights
—Kwame Frimpong, Founding Dean and Professor of Law, GIMPA Law School (Accra, Ghana) The issue of same-sex marriage is not only controversial but also highly emotive, particularly within the African context. On the one hand, it raises both religious and traditional undertones. On the other hand, there is Africa that is haunted by its colonial
In Search of Alternative Standards for the Adjudication of Socioeconomic Rights
—Carlos Bernal, Senior Lecturer, Macquarie University Socioeconomic rights are one of the greatest innovations of contemporary constitutionalism, in particular, of developing countries. Some of their constitutions address the issues of poverty, unsatisfied basic needs, lack of resources for the exercise of freedoms and political rights, and unequal distribution of opportunities and wealth, by means of
The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms in Hong Kong Jurisprudence
– Simon NM Young, University of Hong Kong In my current research, I am trying to understand the influence of the Canadian Charter in Hong Kong's development of human rights jurisprudence after returning to China in 1997. The prospects for migration were strong, though not because constitutional text had been transplanted. Canadians were involved in
Local Injustice: Why We Shouldn't Forget about Saif Gaddafi
—Ruti Teitel, 2012-13 Straus fellow at NYU School of Law, Ernst C. Stiefel Professor of Comparative Law at New York Law School, and author of Transitional Justice (OUP 2000) and Humanity's Law (OUP 2012). In the London newspaper the Daily Mail, Saif Gaddafi's longtime girlfriend, Orly Weinerman, has asked that Saif be spared prosecution


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Tyson Fury and Deontay Wilder battle to draw
An interesting time to be a boxing fan, 2018 is. Long gone are the days of the mega-fights featuring the Tysons, Holyfields, Bowes and Lewises of the world. In their place, we have just a handful of bouts per year to get us excited. One of these came last night, as the Bronze Bomber Deontay Wilder (40-0, 39 K.O.s) took on Tyson Fury (27-0, 19K.O.s); Wilder putting his W.B.C. title on the line versus the Lineal Heavyweight Champion Fury. (I can't decide how I feel about the Lineal Championship. For those who don't understand: the Lineal Title was developed due to fans unhappiness with different boxing organizations; W.B.C., I.B.F., W.B.A., etc., handling the awarding of title shots and the stripping of titles differently. So, the Lineal Championship was theorized as a way to keep track of who is currently "The Man Who Beat The Man". Example: George Foreman was the Lineal Heavyweight Champion from 1994 to 1997, even though he was stripped of the W.B.A. and I.B.F. titles in 1995. Because no one actually beat Foreman, he was still considered the Lineal Champion. In theory, this can be traced back decades).
It was a breath of fresh air to see a heavyweight boxing match that (some) people were legitimately excited for. Fury controlled the early rounds of the fight, his elusiveness proving too much for the heavy-swinging Wilder. Fury was methodically picking Wilder apart, but not doing any significant damage. The first example of that came in round 10, when Wilder dropped Fury to the canvas with a left hook and an awkward, back/top of the head right hand. Fury easily beat Jack Reiss's ten count, but Wilder had some momentum, and likely a 10-8 round. Wilder proceeded to smoke Fury in round 12, leaving Fury doing the Savasana Yoga pose, before sitting up like the Undertaker and finishing the fight.
When the final bell sounded, we all knew that Fury won the fight. The only question was: Will Fury win the fight? Of course the answer was a no, due to an inexcusable scorecard Alejandro Rochin, favoring Wilder 115-111 over Fury. 115-111! Based on the eye test alone, that score is absolutely, atrocious. When you put in under a microscope it gets even worse:
There is simply, unequivocally, absolutely no way that fight was a draw, and everyone involved knows it. This luckily includes Fury, who was in good spirits after his performance. We knew this would happen, and it did. Much like Golovkin and Alvarez, a one sided fight was scored a draw to set up a second bout. And I have news for you guys: Wilder will win the second fight, whether he deserves it or not (because Fury ain't knocking him out, and he will surely get the decision). With the current state of boxing (call it corruption, incompetence, or both), it's best to not even get riled up at these kind of decisions. It's easier to be happy that we got a good fight, and be happy for the fighters that they're walking away with millions.
Oh, and Judge Alejandro Rochin should be sent to Alcatraz.


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