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Raise the game for career development andpatient-care with the help of Prodentalcpd Read More
A team of dental professionals and dental trade members are on a charity mission to Malawi this summer. Read More
James Macdonald, marketing manager for FMC, gives his insight into Dentistry LIVE Read More
Association of Dental Groups (ADG), professional body that represents dentistry groups, launches three awards to recognise outstanding students Read More
The smileys are taking over a brand new venue Read More
Toothpick announces a new partnership with Practice Plan Read More
Dentists have urged the government to clear up confusion about its latest immigration crackdown, which includes restricting access to the NHS Read More
A Harley Street dentist will be making a regular appearance on breakfast TV all next week offering viewers top tips on dental care Read More
The use of digital photography is one of the fastest growing and exciting facilities open to dentists. Here, a focus by Chloe Bradbury Read More
The new contract is currently being trialled, tested, chiselled, manipulated and fashioned in Whitehall and in pilot practices up and down the country Read More


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Koren S, Schatz MC, et al.
Hybrid Error Correction and De Novo Assembly of Single-molecule Sequencing Reads.
Nature biotechnology. 2012 Jul 01; 30: 693-700.[more]
Klumpp J, Fouts DE, et al.
Next Generation Sequencing Technologies and the Changing Landscape of Phage Genomics.
Bacteriophage. 2012 Jul 01; 2: 190-199.[more]
Zeigler Allen L, Allen EE, et al.
Influence of Nutrients and Currents on the Genomic Composition of Microbes Across an Upwelling Mosaic.
The ISME Journal. 2012 Jul 01; 6: 1403-14.[more]
Prüfer K, Munch K, et al.
The Bonobo Genome Compared With the Chimpanzee and Human Genomes.
Nature. 2012 Jun 28; 486: 527-31.[more]
Bertrand EM, Allen AE, et al.
Influence of Cobalamin Scarcity on Diatom Molecular Physiology and Identification of a Cobalamin Acquisition Protein.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2012 Jun 26; 109: E1762-71.[more]
Jeraldo P, Sipos M, et al.
Quantification of the Relative Roles of Niche and Neutral Processes In Structuring Gastrointestinal Microbiomes.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2012 Jun 19; 109: 9692-8.[more]
Lu J, Peatman E, et al.
Profiling of Gene Duplication Patterns of Sequenced Teleost Genomes: Evidence for Rapid Lineage-specific Genome Expansion Mediated by Recent Tandem Duplications.
BMC genomics. 2012 Jun 15; 13: 246.[more]
Methé BA, Nelson KE, et al.
A Framework for Human Microbiome Research.
Nature. 2012 Jun 14; 486: 215-21.[more]
Huttenhower C, Gevers D, et al.
Structure, Function and Diversity of the Healthy Human Microbiome.
Nature. 2012 Jun 14; 486: 207-14.[more]
McDonald SM, McKell AO, et al.
Diversity and Relationships of Co-circulating Modern Human Rotaviruses Revealed Using Large-scale Comparative Genomics.
Journal of virology. 2012 Jun 13;[more]

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Development of the HD-Teen Inventory
Clinical Nursing Research, 05/04/2012
Driessnack M et al. – Adolescents, who have a parent with Huntington Disease (HD), not only are at genetic risk for HD but also are witness to its onset and devastating clinical progression as their parent declines. To date, no mechanism has been developed to direct health care providers to the atypical adolescent experiences of these teens.


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Iraq is a nation of 31 million people in the Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf, between Iran and Kuwait. It has a strategic location on Shatt al Arab waterway and at the head of the Persian Gulf.
Its major environmental issues include:
- government water control projects have drained most of the inhabited marsh areas east of An Nasiriyah by drying up or diverting the feeder streams and rivers; a once sizable population of Marsh Arabs, who inhabited these areas for thousands of years, has been displaced; furthermore, the destruction of the natural habitat poses serious threats to the area's wildlife populations;
- inadequate supplies of potable water;
- development of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers system contingent upon agreements with upstream riparian Turkey;
- air and water pollution;
- soil degradation (salination) and erosion; and,
- desertification
Iraq is susceptible to dust storms; sandstorms; and floods.
Formerly part of the Ottoman Empire, Iraq was occupied by Britain during the course of World War I.
In 1920, it was declared a League of Nations mandate under UK administration. In stages over the next dozen years, Iraq attained its independence as a kingdom in 1932.
A "republic" was proclaimed in 1958, but in actuality a series of strongmen ruled the country until 2003. The last was Saddam Husayn.
Territorial disputes with Iran led to an inconclusive and costly eight-year war (1980-88).
In August 1990, Iraq seized Kuwait but was expelled by US-led, UN coalition forces during the Gulf War of January-February 1991.
Following Kuwait's liberation, the UN Security Council (UNSC) required Iraq to scrap all weapons of mass destruction and long-range missiles and to allow UN verification inspections. Continued Iraqi noncompliance with UNSC resolutions over a period of 12 years led to the US-led invasion of Iraq in March 2003 and the ouster of the Saddam Husayn regime.
US forces remained in Iraq under a UNSC mandate through 2009 and under a bilateral security agreement thereafter, helping to provide security and to train and mentor Iraqi security forces.
In October 2005, Iraqis approved a constitution in a national referendum and, pursuant to this document, elected a 275-member Council of Representatives (COR) in December 2005. The COR approved most cabinet ministers in May 2006, marking the transition to Iraq's first constitutional government in nearly a half century.
In January 2009, Iraq held elections for provincial councils in all governorates except for the three governorates comprising the Kurdistan Regional Government and Kirkuk Governorate. Iraq held a national legislative election in March 2010 - choosing 325 legislators in an expanded COR - and, after nine months of deadlock the COR approved the new government in December 2010.
Nearly nine years after the start of the Second Gulf War in Iraq, US military operations there ended in mid-December 2011.
Approximately two million Iraqis have fled the conflict in Iraq, with the majority taking refuge in Syria and Jordan, and lesser numbers to Egypt, Lebanon, Iran, and Turkey.
Iraq's lack of a maritime boundary with Iran prompts jurisdiction disputes beyond the mouth of the Shatt al Arab in the Persian Gulf.
Turkey has expressed concern over the autonomous status of Kurds in Iraq
Iraq is bordered by Kuwait, Iran, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. The country slopes from mountains over 3,000 meters (10,000 ft.) above sea level along the border with Iran and Turkey to the remnants of sea-level marshes in the southeast. Much of the land is desert or non-arable. The mountains in the northeast are an extension of the alpine system that runs eastward from the Balkans into southern Turkey, northern Iraq, Iran, and Afghanistan, terminating in the Himalayas.
Average temperatures range from higher than 48°C (120°F) in July and August to below freezing in January. Most of the rainfall occurs from December through April and averages between 10 and 18 centimeters (4-7 in.) annually. The mountainous region of northern Iraq receives appreciably more precipitation than the central or southern desert region.
Location: Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf, between Iran and Kuwait
Geographic Coordinates: 33 00 N, 44 00 E
Area: 438,317 sq km(land: 437,367 sq km; water: 950 sq km)
Land Boundaries: 3,650 km (Iran 1,458 km, Jordan 181 km, Kuwait 240 km, Saudi Arabia 814 km, Syria 605 km, Turkey 352 km)
Coastline: 58 km
Maritime Claims:
Natural Hazards: dust storms; sandstorms; floods
Terrain: mostly broad plains; reedy marshes along Iranian border in south with large flooded areas; mountains along borders with Iran and Turkey. The highest point is an unnamed peak; (3,611 m). Note - this peak is neither Gundah Zhur (3,607 m) nor Kuh-e Hajji-Ebrahim (3,595 m).
Climate: mostly desert; mild to cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in central and southern Iraq.
Ecology and Biodiversity
1. Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests 3. Mesopotamian shrub desert 4. Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands 5. Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert 6. Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert 7. South Iran Nubo-Sidanian desert and semi-desert 8. Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh |
Source: World Wildlife Fund |
People and Society
Population: 31,129,225 (July 2012 est.)
Almost 75% of Iraq's population lives in the flat, alluvial plain stretching southeast from Baghdad and Basrah to the Persian Gulf. The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers carry about 70 million cubic meters of silt annually to the delta. Known in ancient times as Mesopotamia, the region is the legendary locale of the Garden of Eden. The ruins of Ur, Babylon, and other ancient cities are located in Iraq.
Iraq's two largest ethnic groups are Arabs and Kurds. Other distinct groups include Turkomen, Assyrians, and Armenians. Arabic is the most commonly spoken language. Kurdish is spoken in the north, and Armenian is also spoken by some in the remaining Christian community. English is the most commonly spoken Western language.
The majority of Iraqi Muslims are members of the Shi'a sect (60%-65%), but there is a large Sunni population as well (32%-37%), made up of both Arabs and Kurds. Most Kurds are Sunni Muslim but differ from their Arab neighbors in language and customs. There also are communities of Christians (mainly Assyrians adhering to three main denominations, Assyrian, Chaldean, and Syriac), Sabean-Mandaeans, Yezidis, Bahais, Kaka'is, and Shabaks. Iraq's once-substantial Jewish community has almost completely disappeared from the country.
In recent years, a large number of Iraqis have been displaced, and there are currently a reported 177,376 Iraqi refugees registered with the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, and other neighboring countries. UNHCR estimates that approximately 1.2 million Iraqis were displaced by sectarian violence following the Samarra Mosque bombing of February 2006 and remain internally displaced inside Iraq.
Much of the sediment clouding the water in this image of the Persian Gulf is from the Shatt al Arab River, which enters the Gulf in the north along the Iran-Iraq border. The river drains the combined waters of the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers of Iraq, and the Karun River of Iran. Though other rivers empty into the Persian Gulf, most of its fresh water comes from the Shatt al Arab. On the right edge of the image is the narrow Strait of Hormuz, which connects the Persian Gulf to the Arabian Sea, part of the northern Indian Ocean. The Persian Gulf is flanked to the west by wedge-shaped Kuwait and by Saudi Arabia with its vast tan-, pink-, and white-sand deserts; to the south by Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Oman; and to the east by the dry mountains of Iran. The wetlands and rivers of Mesopotamia border the Gulf on the north. The red dots mark gas flares in oil fields of Iran and Iraq. Image courtesy of NASA. |
Map of the combined Tigris–Euphrates drainage basin. Karl Musser, based on USGS data/ Wikimedia Commons. |
Source: Tigris River outside of Mosul, Iraq. Matthew Glennon |
Marsh Arabs poling a traditional mashoof in the marshes of southern Iraq. April 2003. Source: Hassan Janali, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers |
The ancient Citadel of Arbil, surrounded by the city of Arbil in northern Iraq. Source: Jan Sefti/Flikr |
Shi'a and Sunni Muslims make their way to the Imam Husayn Shrine in Karbala, Iraq, Feb. 27, 2008, during their pilgrimage in observance of the Arba'een and Ashura holidays. (U.S. Navy photo by Petty Officer 1st Class Denny C. Cantrell) |
Ethnic Groups: Arab 75%-80%, Kurdish 15%-20%, Turkoman, Assyrian, or other 5%
Age Structure:
0-14 years: 38% (male 5,882,682/female 5,678,741)
15-64 years: 58.9% (male 9,076,558/female 8,826,545)
65 years and over: 3.1% (male 435,908/female 499,138) (2011 est.)
Population Growth Rate: 2.345% (2012 est.)
Birthrate: 28.19 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)
Death Rate: 4.73 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)
Net Migration Rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)
Life Expectancy at Birth: 70.85 years (2012 est.)
Total Fertility Rate: 3.58 children born/woman (2012 est.)
Languages: Arabic (official), Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Turkoman (a Turkish dialect), Assyrian (Neo-Aramaic), Armenian
Literacy (age 15 and over can read and write): 74.1% (2000 est.)
Urbanization: 66% of total population (2010) growing at an annual rate of change of 2.6% (2010-15 est.)
Once known as Mesopotamia, Iraq was the site of flourishing ancient civilizations, including the Sumerian, Babylonian, and Parthian cultures. Muslims conquered Iraq in the seventh century A.D. In the eighth century, the Abassid caliphate established its capital at Baghdad. The territory of modern Iraq came under the rule of the Ottoman Turks early in the 1500s.
At the end of World War I, Ottoman control ended and Iraq came under the authority of a British mandate. When it was declared independent in 1932, the Hashemite family, a branch of which also ruled Jordan, ruled as a constitutional monarchy. In 1945, Iraq joined the United Nations and became a founding member of the Arab League. In 1956, the Baghdad Pact allied Iraq, Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, and the United Kingdom, and established its headquarters in Baghdad.
Gen. Abdul Karim Qasim took power in a July 1958 coup, during which King Faysal II and Prime Minister Nuri as-Said were killed. Qasim ended Iraq's membership in the Baghdad Pact in 1959. Qasim was assassinated in February 1963, when the Arab Socialist Renaissance Party (Ba'ath Party) took power under the leadership of Gen. Ahmad Hasan al-Bakr as prime minister and Col. Abdul Salam Arif as president.
Nine months later, Arif led a coup ousting the Ba'ath government. In April 1966, Arif was killed in a plane crash and was succeeded by his brother, Gen. Abdul Rahman Mohammad Arif. On July 17, 1968, a group of Ba'athists and military elements overthrew the Arif regime. Ahmad Hasan al-Bakr reemerged as the President of Iraq and Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council (RCC).
In July 1979, Bakr resigned, and his cousin Saddam Hussein, already a key figure in the Ba'ath party and the RCC, assumed the two offices of President and RCC Chairman. The Iran-Iraq war (1980-88) devastated the economy of Iraq.
Iraq declared victory over Iran in 1988 but actually achieved only a weary return to the pre-war status quo. The war left Iraq with the largest military establishment in the Gulf region and with huge debts.
Iraq invaded Kuwait in August 1990, but a U.S.-led coalition acting under United Nations (UN) resolutions expelled Iraq in February 1991. After the war, Kurds in the north and Shi'a Muslims in the south rebelled against the government of Saddam Hussein. The government responded quickly and with crushing force, killing thousands, and pursued damaging environmental and agricultural policies meant to drain the marshes of the south. Coalition forces enforced no-fly zones in southern and northern Iraq to protect Iraqi citizens from attack by the regime and a no-drive zone in southern Iraq to prevent the regime from massing forces to threaten or again invade Kuwait. In addition, the UN Security Council required the regime to surrender its weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and submit to UN inspections. When the regime refused to fully cooperate with the UN inspections, the Security Council passed a series of Chapter VII sanctions to prevent further WMD development and compel Iraqi adherence to international obligations.
Citing Iraq's failure to comply with UN inspections, a U.S.-led coalition invaded Iraq in March 2003 and removed the Ba'ath regime, leading to the overthrow of the dictator Saddam Hussein. Following his capture in December 2003 and subsequent trial, Saddam Hussein was executed on December 30, 2006, by the Government of Iraq. The Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) assumed security and administrative responsibility for Iraq while Iraqi political leaders and the Iraqi people established a transitional administration. The CPA's mission was to restore conditions of security and stability and to create conditions in which the Iraqi people could freely determine their own political future. The UN Security Council acknowledged the authority of the Coalition Provisional Authority and provided a role for the UN and other parties to assist in fulfilling these objectives.
The CPA disbanded on June 28, 2004, transferring sovereign authority for governing Iraq to the Iraqi Interim Government (IIG). Based on the timetable laid out in the Transitional Administrative Law (TAL), the IIG governed Iraq until elections were held on January 30, 2005; thereafter, the Iraqi Transitional Government assumed authority.
In May 2005, the Iraqi Transitional Government appointed a multi-ethnic committee to draft a new Iraqi constitution. The new constitution was finalized in September 2005, and was ratified in a nationwide referendum on October 15, 2005. On December 15, 2005, Iraqis again went to the polls to participate in the first national legislative elections as established by the new constitution. The new 4-year, constitutionally-based government took office in March 2006, and the new cabinet was approved and installed in May 2006. By that time, following the February 2006 bombing of the Golden Mosque in Samarra, violence in the country was widespread.
The ongoing violence and instability prompted the United States to increase troop numbers in Iraq (the "surge" in U.S. forces) in an attempt to improve the security situation and give Iraqi political leaders an opportunity to address the many problems that plagued the Iraqi people. Following the troop increase and adjustments to military strategy, violence declined, thereby providing political space and an improved environment for leaders to make progress on difficult national issues.
In January 2009, two bilateral agreements between the United States and the Government of Iraq took effect: 1) the "Agreement between the United States of America and the Republic of Iraq On the Withdrawal of United States Forces from Iraq and the Organization of Their Activities During Their Temporary Presence in Iraq" (referred to as the "Security Agreement"), which governed the presence and status of U.S. forces in Iraq and addressed the withdrawal of these forces; and, 2) the "Strategic Framework Agreement for a Relationship of Friendship and Cooperation between the United States of America and the Republic of Iraq" (referred to as the "Strategic Framework Agreement" or "SFA"), which set out a variety of areas and aims for bilateral cooperation and formed the basis for a long-term partnership with the people and Government of Iraq and which remains in effect.
On January 31, 2009, Iraq held elections for provincial councils in all provinces except the three provinces comprising the Iraqi Kurdistan Region, and Kirkuk province. On March 7, 2010, Iraq held national elections in which parties competed for positions in the Council of Representatives and the executive branch.
In June 2009, in accordance with the bilateral Security Agreement, U.S. forces withdrew from cities, villages, and localities in Iraq. On August 31, 2010, President Barack Obama announced the end of major combat operations, the completion of the withdrawal of all U.S. combat brigades, and the transition of the role of the remaining U.S. military force of 50,000 troops to advising and assisting Iraqi security forces. On October 21, 2011, President Obama announced the full withdrawal of U.S. forces from Iraq by year's end pursuant to the Security Agreement. U.S. Forces-Iraq completed the withdrawal by December 18, 2011. A traditional security cooperation relationship is maintained through the presence of the Office of Security Cooperation-Iraq, which is comprised of a small group of U.S. military and civilian advisors and contractors who work with the Iraqi security forces, helping them to receive, maintain, and operate defense-related articles.
Iraq is a parliamentary democracy with a federal system of government. The 2005 Iraqi constitution guarantees basic rights. The executive branch consists of the Presidency Council (one president and up to three vice presidents) and a Council of Ministers (one prime minister, three deputy prime ministers, and 30 cabinet ministers). The president is the head of state, protecting the constitution and representing the sovereignty and unity of the state, while the prime minister is the direct executive authority and commander in chief. The president and vice presidents are elected by the Council of Representatives. The prime minister is nominated by the president and must be approved by a majority of members of the Council of Representatives. Upon nomination, the prime minister-designate names the members of his cabinet, the Council of Ministers, which is then approved by the Council of Representatives. Subsequently, the prime minister and the new ministers are sworn in. The executive branch serves a 4-year term concurrent with that of the Council of Representatives.
Iraq's legislative branch consists of an elected Council of Representatives (COR). After the 2005 elections, the Council of Representatives consisted of 275 members, each of whom was elected to a 4-year term of service. Pursuant to provisions for the March 7, 2010, elections, the COR expanded to 325 members to reflect an increase in the population of Iraq. At least one-quarter of the members of the Council of Representatives must be female. The responsibilities of the Council of Representatives include enacting federal laws, monitoring the executive branch, and electing the president of the republic.
Iraq's judicial branch is composed of the Higher Judicial Council, Federal Supreme Court, Court of Cassation, Public Prosecution Department, Judiciary Oversight Commission, and other federal courts. The Higher Judicial Council supervises the affairs of the federal judiciary. The Federal Supreme Court has limited jurisdiction related to intra-governmental disputes and constitutional issues. The appellate courts appeal up to the Court of Cassation, the highest court of appeal. The establishment of the federal courts, their types, and methods for judicial appointments are set forth by laws enacted by the Council of Representatives.
Government Type: parliamentary democracy Capital: Baghdad 5.751 million (2009) Other Major Cities:
Administrative divisions: 18 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah) and 1 region*
Kurdistan Regional Government* |
Source: Wikimedia Commons |
Independence Date: 3 October 1932 (from League of Nations mandate under British administration). Note - on 28 June 2004 the Coalition Provisional Authority transferred sovereignty to the Iraqi Interim Government
Legal System: mixed legal system of civil and Islamic law. Iraq has not submitted an International Court of Justice (ICJ) jurisdiction declaration; and is a non-party state to the International criminal court (ICCt) jurisdiction
Astronaut view of Bahgda. Source: NASA
International Environmental Agreements
Iraq is party to international agrements on: Biodiversity, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection. It has signed, but not ratified an nternational agrement on Environmental Modification.
Total Renewable Water Resources: 96.4 cu km (1997)
Freshwater Withdrawal: 42.7 cu km/yr (3% domestic, 5% industrial, 92% agricultural)
Per Capita Freshwater Withdrawal: 1,482 cu m/yr (2000)
Access to improved water sources: 79% of population
Access to improved sanitation facilities: 73% of population
For most of Iraq's recorded history, agriculture has been a primary economic activity. The agricultural sector is the second-largest source of jobs in Iraq after the public sector and the second-largest contributor to gross domestic product (GDP) after the oil and gas sector. Despite Iraq's land and water resources, however, agricultural production is well below its potential. Obstacles to agricultural development, most of which existed prior to the removal of the Ba'ath regime in 2003, include government policies and subsidies that distort the market and undermine productivity and competition; outdated technology in plant and animal genetics, fertilizers, irrigation and drainage systems, and farm equipment; inadequate and unstable electricity; degradation of irrigation-management systems; insufficient credit and private capital; and inadequate market information and networks.
Agricultural products: wheat, barley, rice, vegetables, dates, cotton; cattle, sheep, poultry
Irrigated Land: 35,250 sq km (2008)
Natural Resources: petroleum, natural gas, phosphates, sulfur
Land Use:
Historically, Iraq's economy was characterized by heavy dependence on oil exports and emphasis on development through central planning. Prior to the outbreak of the war with Iran in September 1980, Iraq's economic prospects were bright. Oil production had reached a level of 3.5 million barrels per day, and oil revenues were $21 billion in 1979 and $27 billion in 1980. At the outbreak of the war, Iraq had amassed an estimated $35 billion in foreign exchange reserves.
The Iran-Iraq war depleted Iraq's foreign exchange reserves, devastated its economy, and left the country saddled with foreign debt of more than $40 billion. However, after hostilities ceased in August 1988, oil exports gradually began to increase, with the construction of new pipelines and the restoration of damaged facilities. But Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in August 1990, subsequent international sanctions, damage from military action by an international coalition in January and February of 1991, and neglect of infrastructure devastated Iraq's economy again. Government policies that diverted government income to key supporters of the regime and sustained a large military and internal-security force further impaired the economy and left the typical Iraqi facing desperate hardships.
The UN created the Oil-for-Food (OFF) program in April 1995 (UN Security Council Resolution 986) as a temporary measure to provide for the humanitarian needs of the Iraqi people because of the effect of the continued sanctions regime. The military action of the U.S.-led coalition from March to April 2003 disrupted the central economic administrative structure. Since then, the rebuilding and enhancement of oil and utilities infrastructure and other production capacities has proceeded steadily, despite attacks on key economic facilities and internal security incidents. Iraq is now making progress toward establishing the laws and institutions needed to make and implement economic policy.
Iraq's economy remains dominated by the oil sector, which currently provides about 90% of foreign exchange earnings. Iraq's largely state-run economy is dominated by the oil sector, which provides more than 90% of government revenue and 80% of foreign exchange earnings. Since mid-2009, oil export earnings have returned to levels seen before Operation Iraqi Freedom. As global oil prices remained high for much of 2011, government revenues increased accordingly. For 2012, Iraq's draft budget forecasts oil exports of 2.6 million barrels per day (bbl/day), a significant increase from Iraq's average of 2.2 million bbl/day in 2011. Iraq's contracts with major oil companies have the potential to further expand oil revenues, but Iraq will need to make significant upgrades to its oil processing, pipeline, and export infrastructure to enable these deals to reach their economic potential. Following three successful oil bid rounds, the Iraqi Government aims to dramatically increase production and export capacity over the next decade. The government must overcome some significant financial, technical, and infrastructure constraints to achieve stated goals, however. See: Energy profile of Iraq
Iraq is seeking to pass and implement laws to strengthen the economy, including a hydrocarbon law that encourages development of the oil and gas sector and a revenue-sharing law that equitably divides oil and gas revenues among the central government, the provinces, and the Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Implementing structural reforms, such as bank restructuring and corporatization of state-owned enterprises, while simultaneously reducing corruption will be critical to encouraging sustainable economic growth based on the expansion of the private sector.
Foreign assistance has been an integral component of Iraq's reconstruction efforts since 2003. At a donors' conference in Madrid in October 2003, more than $33 billion was pledged to assist in the reconstruction of Iraq. Following that conference, the UN and the World Bank launched the International Reconstruction Fund Facility for Iraq (IRFFI) to administer and disburse about $1.7 billion of those funds. The rest of the assistance is being disbursed bilaterally. Since 2003, international donors have pledged about $18 billion in financial and technical assistance, soft loans or potential loan facilities, and trade finance. International donors have exceeded their combined pledges for grants and technical assistance, totaling about $6.5 billion, by more than $1.3 billion. Total soft-loan pledges amount to about $12.8 billion, of which $6.5 billion has been committed. Japan is the leading soft-loan contributor, having committed nearly $3.3 billion to projects around Iraq. New programs approved by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank will substantially close the gap between soft-loan pledges and commitments.
In February 2010, the IMF and World Bank approved $3.8 billion and $250 million of support to Iraq, respectively. The IMF's Executive Board completed the first program review on October 1, 2010, and the second review on March 18, 2011, bringing the total resources currently available to Iraq under the arrangement to SDR 1069.56 million (about $1.7 billion). At the time of the second review, the program duration was extended by 5 months to July 2012, along with a re-phasing of program disbursements based on a shift in financing needs from 2010 into 2011. Both the IMF and World Bank programs are focused on helping the Iraqi Government maintain macroeconomic stability and mitigate Iraq's vulnerability to external shocks due to volatility in global oil markets. The Iraqi Government has worked closely with both institutions since 2003, including the December 2008 completion of an IMF Stand-By Arrangement (SBA), after which Iraq received the balance of the Paris Club's 80% debt reduction.
U.S. foreign assistance to Iraq since 2003 has totaled $62 billion. The bulk of this assistance has gone toward reconstruction and security. The focus of U.S. foreign assistance in recent years has shifted from bricks-and-mortar reconstruction to technical assistance and capacity building. The U.S. Government is working with the Iraqi Government to build political, economic, rule of law, and civil society institutions throughout Iraq.
An improving security environment and foreign investment are helping to spur economic activity, particularly in the energy, construction, and retail sectors. Broader economic development, long-term fiscal health, and sustained improvements in the overall standard of living still depend on the central government passing major policy reforms.
Iraq is making slow progress enacting laws and developing the institutions needed to implement economic policy, and political reforms are still needed to assuage investors' concerns regarding the uncertain business climate.
The government of Iraq is eager to attract additional foreign direct investment, but it faces a number of obstacles including a tenuous political system and concerns about security and societal stability. Rampant corruption, outdated infrastructure, insufficient essential services, and antiquated commercial laws stifle investment and continue to constrain growth of private, nonoil sectors.
In 2010, Baghdad signed agreements with both the IMF and World Bank for conditional aid programs designed to help strengthen Iraq's economic institutions.
Iraq is considering a package of laws to establish a modern legal framework for the oil sector and a mechanism to equitably divide oil revenues within the nation, although these reforms are still under contentious and sporadic negotiation.
Political and economic tensions between Baghdad and local governments have led some provincial councils to use their budgets to independently promote and facilitate investment at the local level.
The Central Bank has successfully held the exchange rate at about 1,170 Iraqi dinar/US dollar since January 2009. Inflation has remained under control since 2006 as security improved. However, Iraqi leaders remain hard pressed to translate macroeconomic gains into an improved standard of living for the Iraqi populace. Unemployment remains a problem throughout the country. Encouraging private enterprise through deregulation would make it easier for both Iraqi citizens and foreign investors to start new businesses. Rooting out corruption and implementing reforms - such as bank restructuring and developing the private sector - would be important steps in this direction.
GDP: (Purchasing Power Parity): $127.2 billion (2011 est.)
GDP: (Official Exchange Rate): $108.6 billion (2011 est.)
GDP- per capita (PPP): $3,900 (2011 est.)
GDP- composition by sector:
agriculture: 9.7%
industry: 60.5%
services: 29.8% (2011 est.)
Industries: petroleum, chemicals, textiles, leather, construction materials, food processing, fertilizer, metal fabrication/processing
Currency: Iraqi dinars (IQD)


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Join and browse our exclusive open discussion forums and talk about whatever you like.
well i joined sprint in feburary and then i realised the my next upgrade is october of next year i think that the upgrade should be in one year and not when im two years older i dont get it i think that sprint should have the upgrade moved back to one year i know that the iphone hurt you but coverage not working so why let your customers be more mad then what they are please bring back the one year
Are there any cellular companies out there that offer less than a2-year service agreement without going to pre-paid? Did you read the agreement before you signed it? Wouldn't a full two year contract be from February 2012 to February2014, if you joined in February of this year? So many questions.
never had to worry about upgrading cos... you don't get free phonesto begin with. pay full price for the phone and then a reasonable rate for service. plus calls to other SB J users was free from 2am to 9pm (yes 19 hoursa day), texts to other SB J users were free 247. which brings up another issue. breaking contracts. pretty easy cosit's a monthly contract. so once you say "ok i'm done!" you have onefinal monthly bill and then you're off the hook. the thing is... americans DO have that option. The problem is... noone really wants to pay full price for a phone to get it. IMO people are too accustomed to thinking they're entitled to freestuff all the time.
How does the iPhone hurt Sprint? Its a great phone, and from what Ihave read, it actually has been helping the company greatly.
You can wish in one hand and poop in the other, which do you think youwill up first?
1) Cell phone pricing history. Back when contracts were for 1 year the free phones were usually $200or less. Phones now cost 300-600 easily. So you're not going to get it forfree just for signing up for a 1-year plan. 2) No one is really stopping you from upgrading. You can upgrade anytime you want. Just not for free.
Why do people feel the need to upgrade phones constantly? I have hadmy phone for over 2 years and passed my upgrade date without eventhinking of upgrading. It works, why take the chance that I get thenewest coolest phone just to have it work half as good. Not tomention the phone just did a system update and now it looks new.


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Search results for : | Mod umclan |
Fall of Saigon Mod
A Half-Life 2 Source Mod set in the jungles of Vietnam
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Mod project for a Crusader Kings 2 Three Kingdoms (Possibly also Warring States) mod
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Chill, Chat and Mod!
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Knights and Barbarians
Knights and Barbarians is a total conversion mod for Age of Empires III and both its expansions that takes Age of Empires III back to the medieval ages.
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A Garry's Mod role-playing community based around Valve's masterpiece
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Free forum : Official forum for the Clan Quest mod for Vampire the Masquerade: Bloodlines
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Morrowind:Outreach A Mod For TES:III
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2005 - 2012 Phoenix Entertainment. All Rights Reserved. Official English Forum - Phoenix is a developer & publisher of some video-games & mods like Stargate Space Conflict, Mass Effect Reborn. . .
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Ici, nous parlerons du mod F1 1995 rFactor Legend. Here, we talk about the F1 1995 rFactor Legend mod.
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A forum dedicated to the translation of the Black Mesa mod, a complete re-creation of the game Half-Life on the Source engine, formerly known as Black Mesa: Source.
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DarkRP [24/7 Hosting] Serious RP [DONATIONS]
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New Cz Zombie Mod Clan / Community ur welcome to join Speak with the Admins
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Tank XVM for World Of Tanks and other mod support
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Silver Arrows Crossfire Clan Forum Operating on Freelancer Mod Crossfire 1. 8 Inner Core by SWAT_OP-R8R.
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Gamer's Addicted Official forum
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Home of the World War II based PSP Quake Mod
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Garry's Mod 13 build server forums
[abc]acid's, build, community, garry's, server, forumsProject Normandy
A mini-mod for Project Reality based on World War 2 combat
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text:
Poor Shooting Dooms Western Women
By: Justin Sampson
Updated: February 28, 2013
(HAYS, Kan.) Missouri Western may have locked up an MIAA Tournament berth, but will hit the postseason in the midst of a rocky stretch.
The Griffons dropped their fifth game of their last six outings in a 73-56 defeat at No. 17 Fort Hays State Wednesday. They've gone 2-8 in their last 10 games dating back to Jan. 10th.
After a back-and-forth start, the Tigers (19-6, 11-6) used a strong finish to the first half to grab a 39-24 lead heading into the locker room. Western (14-11, 7-10) hit 10 field goals and went 1-10 from beyond the arc in the first half while connecting on 3-15 three pointers for the game.
Three Griffons finished in double figures with JaQuitta Dever leading all scorers with 14 points.
Western wraps up regular season play Saturday when they return to St. Joseph to host Southwest Baptist.
Readers Feel...


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803 Iowa AvenueMorris, MN 56267Telephone: (320) 589-3411Fax: (320) 589-3787
Dr. Abdullah A. JaradatResearch Leader
Our research has been highlighted in the Agricultural Research Magazine. Reprints of scientific articles are available from this site. Check out our 2012 Research Report.
At Left: Swan Lake Research FarmFind out more about the Research Farm and Barnes-Aastad Association.
The mission of the North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory is to enhance productive conservation of agricultural and natural resources base, improve environmental health, and contribute to national food security through diversified, competitive, and resilient agro-ecosystems in the upper Midwest.


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Chandler's ACL
Bills' Chandler working hard through torn ACL rehab
Without Scott Chandler, the tight end position is one that has a lot of unknowns for the Buffalo Bills. Might Chandler actually be able to come back from his torn ACL on time? Head inside to read the latest on his recovery!
Bills Rogers anxious for his final chance
Had Da'Rick Rogers not gotten in trouble with the law and kicked off of Tennessee's team, he likely would've been drafted last month.
Bills' Pettine has had no words with Byrd
Officially through half of the total workouts scheduled for the Buffalo Bills' Organized Team Activities, franchised free safety Jairus Byrd has been nowhere to be seen around team facilities. Yet to sign his franchise tender, Byrd has been absent throughout all the voluntary workouts to this point in time. Inside for more!
Bills' Stevie Johnson gets back on the field
A back injury has kept the top wideout of the Buffalo Bills off the field while the majority of his teammates were acclimating themselves to the new coaching staff during Organized Team Activities. On Tuesday however, Stevie Johnson got back on the field at OTAs. Inside for more!
Transcript: Bills' Mario Williams responds to published texts
It surely has been an interesting past two weeks for Buffalo Bills defensive end Mario Williams and his personal life. Going through a vicious lawsuit and countersuit with his ex-fianceé, details of their text messaging conversations from November of 2012 were revealed to the public. On Monday, Williams answered questions. Head inside to see his responses in full!
Report: Bills and WR Woods agree to rookie deal
In their first draft with Doug Marrone as Head Coach, the Buffalo Bills are close to having their full class of 2013 signed to their initial contracts. Over the weekend, second round selection Robert Woods was the latest to come to terms on a deal. Head inside for the full story!
I think the Bills may have gotten this right
Ever since John Butler was sent away as the Bills GM, it's been one poor job after another. It's added up to one of the worst organizations in the National Football League for over 12 years. Today may have changed all that.
Bills announce Doug Whaley as GM
Just days removed from Buddy Nix stepping down as General Manager of the Buffalo Bills, the team has announced the man that will take over molding the roster. The Bills have officially promoted Doug Whaley, naming him the 12th GM in franchise history.
Wood and Bills have mutual interest in new deal
Approaching the 2013 season, the Buffalo Bills have one of the leaders on the roster due to become an unrestricted free agent once the season is over and done with. Center Eric Wood talked about his soon-to-be expiring contract on Wednesday. Head inside to read all about it!
Bills sign LB Alonso to rookie deal
On Wednesday, the Buffalo Bills continued to get closer to having all of their selections from the 2013 NFL Draft under contract. The team announced that they've signed second-round linebacker Kiko Alonso to his rookie deal. Inside for details!
Byrd among 10 Bills absent from OTAs
In their first week of Organized Team Activities of the offseason, the Buffalo Bills had nearly an 89-percent attendance rate as the team continues to adjust to life under new Head Coach Doug Marrone. Head inside to read who was not in attendance at the team's workouts!
Bills' QB competition takes shape
At the start of this week, the on-the-field portion of the Buffalo Bills competition for the 2013 starting quarterback position officially got underway with the beginning of Organized Team Activities at One Bills Drive. Head inside to read all about it, including quotes from EJ Manuel, Kevin Kolb, Tarvaris Jackson and Doug Marrone!
Bills claim TE Mickey Shuler
Perhaps feeling slim at the position, the Buffalo Bills have acquired another tight end to help shape the roster as they continue to go through Organized Team Activities. The team announced on Tuesday evening that they were awarded 26-year old tight end Mickey Shuler off waivers. Inside for details!
Nix steps down as Bills GM
The Buddy Nix era as the General Manager of the Buffalo Bills is over. The team officially announced on Monday that Nix would be stepping away from his role as GM of the team, and has been named a special assistant to the franchise.
Bills analytics department update
Now that 73-year old Buddy Nix has moved on from his three-and-a-half year stay as General Manager of the Buffalo Bills, it's fair to wonder if the promised analytics department will lift off for the team. Head inside to read what Russ Brandon said about the department after Buddy Nix announced he's stepping down!
WR Woods settling in with Bills
When the first round of the 2013 NFL Draft concluded, the Buffalo Bills looked at their board and saw a pair of wide receivers still out there that they were targeting for the next round of picks. The zeroed in on their target, and got their man in Robert Woods. Two days in to rookie mini-camp, head inside to read how he's adjusting so far!
Bills Manuel pleased to get started
Bills first round draft pick E.J. Manuel got on the field Friday for the first time as a Buffalo Bill.
Buscaglia: Thoughts from Bills rookie mini-camp
Let the overanalyzing begin! One day in to the Buffalo Bills' three-day rookie mini-camp, the starvation for how the newest members of the team looked is at its peak. The one very important thing to remember is that this was only one day of work -- and the first day at that. Head inside for Joe Buscaglia's thoughts from his first live look at the rookies!
Bills rookies hit the field
New Bills coach Doug Marrone got his first look at the players Buffalo just drafted as Bills Rookie Camp got underway.
Bills sign WR Goodwin, three other draft picks
With the rookie wage scale in place, there really isn't too much room for negotiations with most draft picks just being slotted in to their contracts. Like many other teams in the NFL, the Buffalo Bills are taking advantage of that by swiftly coming to terms of an agreement with the majority of their draft picks. Inside for more!
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So, I was wondering if anyone knows much about indoor gardening. I would love love love to try, but I don't know where to start really. For now I'm going to try to sprout but I'd really like to be able to grow herbs and tomatos, but I'm moving and won't have an outdoor garden anyways.
Any help is appreciated!


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Wednesday, May 22, 2013
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The annual "Sweet Showdown" was held at Capstone House on the USC campus.
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As the weather temperatures continue to rise, so does the concern about kids being left in hot cars.
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Monday, May 20, 2013
The American Red Cross has setup a website to keep track of people found and missing from Oklahoma tornado.
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State senator honoring South Carolina's fallen soldiers
Monday, May 20, 2013
Lexington County Senator Katrina Shealy hosted a luncheon Monday for seven of South Carolina's soliders who gave their lives while serving our country.
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Miss South Carolina USA hoping to bring crown to Palmetto State
Sunday, May 19, 2013
A sendoff party was held for Miss South Carolina USA 2013 Megan Pinckney.
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Dog attacks on letter carriers unusually high this year
Friday, May 17, 2013
What is it about mail carriers that gets dogs so riled up? The number of postal workers bitten by dogs so far this year in the state is inching very close to the total number of attacks last year.
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Powerball jackpot reaches $550 million, second highest ever
Thursday, May 16, 2013
The Powerball jackpot is at its second larest size ever after no one won the drawing Wednesday.
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Driver blood alcohol recommendation shrinks to .05%
Wednesday, May 15, 2013
Controversy is swirling around a federal recommendation to lower blood alcohol limits for drivers.
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Lawmakers creating taxpayer protection fund to help hacking victims
Tuesday, May 14, 2013
Kershaw Co. Senator Vincent Sheheen and State Treasurer Curtis Loftis want to go one step ahead to help victims from last fall's hack at the state Department of Revenue.
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Camden motorcyclist killed in crash while fleeing deputies
Monday, May 13, 2013
Authorities say a motorcyclist traveling at speeds of more than 100 mph died in a crash near Camden as he fled Kershaw County deputies.
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Adopted son meets biological mother after 30 years
Thursday, May 09, 2013
Mother's Day came a few days early for a South Carolina man and his mother.
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Election day problems costing Richland County big bucks
Thursday, May 09, 2013
Last year's election in Richland County was a day of extremely long lines and wait times and npw the election day voting mess is going to cost you a pretty penny to clean up.
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Deandre's portalios.com
Just another Portalios.com Wicked Blogs! weblog
Just another Portalios.com Wicked Blogs! weblog
Jun 12th
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State and local governments contracted for the 12th consecutive quarter. Meanwhile, businesses cut back on their spending.
Spending on software and equipment in particular, had previously been a strong point in the recovery, but was flat in the third quarter. Economists point to uncertainty over tax policy and the fiscal cliff as key reasons why businesses are now holding back.
"The ongoing fiscal folly is a major contributing factor to the soft tone of the economy, as is evidenced by the slower pace of investment spending, especially spending on equipment and software, which was flat," said Ward McCarthy, chief financial economist at Jefferies & Co. "The uncertainty generated by fiscal ineptitude has basically shut down investment spending."
Weak exports also weighed on growth, a sign that global economic weakness is hitting American manufacturers. The world's second largest economy, China has been slowing, and Europe's economy has been shrinking.
Economists are expecting the U.S. economy to slow in the fourth quarter, as uncertainty about the fiscal cliff and weaker growth overseas intensify.
"After the election we expect economic activity to slow and both businesses and consumers to pull back in response to a contentious debate over fiscal policy," said Ellen Zentner, senior economist at Nomura.


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Keli Sipperley
The Basics
Keli on Patch
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About Keli
Bio: Keli Sipperley was born at Macdill Air Force Base in 1977, and grew up in the Northdale area, attending middle school at Seminole Presbyterian and high school at Gaither. Never content to just do things the normal way (just ask her mother), Keli applied for early admission to Florida State University and completed both her senior year of high school and freshman year of college simultaneously, returning to to graduate with her Gaither classmates in 1995. She finished her bachelor's degree in English in 1997, and moved back to Tampa to start a family. Four fabulous children later, she returned to academia in 2008 to pursue a master's degree in mass communication/ multimedia journalism at the University of South Florida. During that time, she worked with the multi-platform Tampa Tribune news center as an editor and page designer, as well as a features writer.
The personal stuff:
I am the mother of four maniacs, er, I mean delightful children, a keeper of chaos and a burner of dinner. When I'm not digging through the laundry for matching socks, I am driving someone to somewhere to do something.
I have wanted to be a writer since I penned my first book in second grade ("Stacey and The Cool Girls"). I love writing about everyday heroes, cool things to do and little-known places. When I'm not writing news stories, I am daydreaming plot lines for children's books.
I tend to get very excited about things like strange-looking bugs and funny word combinations. My kids are always telling me to grow up, but they're not the boss of me.
My Beliefs
At Patch, we promise always to report the facts as objectively as possible and otherwise adhere to the principles of good journalism. However, we also acknowledge that true impartiality is impossible because human beings have beliefs.
My politics: Center of the aisle. Be reasonable, spend less, help those who help themselves, and I don't care who you marry. I am a registered Republican.
Religion: Casual, with regard to organized religion. Spiritual in that I find God in many places, and prefer a beautiful hike in the sun to sitting still during a Sunday service.
Issues: I tend to be an observer, and like to gather as much information as possible from any many sources as possible before I draw conclusions. This stems from the opposite approach I took as a young adult, when I formed opinions based on emotion — and often figured out I was wrong later. Now I am pretty open-minded, and can see things from both sides, which makes me a good moderator but not a good tie-breaker.
Hi there! Call Sandy Graves at 813-996-3011 or email ...
-by Keli Sipperley
You're welcome, Amanda! Best wishes for the new business!
-by Keli Sipperley
Keli Sipperley posted the event:
for January 31, 2013 at 4:45 pm -
Keli Sipperley posted the event:
for February 1, 2013 at 10:00 pm -
Keli Sipperley posted the event:
for January 22, 2013 at 5:00 am -
Our crime reports are based on the information in arrest ...
-by Keli Sipperley
Hi Shealyn, are you doing all right? So sorry this happened.
-by Keli Sipperley
Wonderful, thanks for sharing, Kristin!
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Hi Sandi, the assertion that the chances are slim was ...
How Would Pasco React in a ...
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Precision crafted for precision work. Designed for critical listening applications, ultra wideband 50mm HD driver units incorporate liquid crystal polymer film diaphragms for high power handling capability, greater durability and unparalleled sound quality.
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Features: Detachable Double DIN 6.1" WVGA touch screen, MirrorLink™ enabled smartphone connectivity, Pandora® internet control, dual USB 1-Wire input for compatible iPod®, iPhone® or compatible music player
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Work the crowd into a frenzy with 2000W of pure power churning out meticulously crafted mixes from your laptop, iPod/iPhone or MP3 player. Built-in LED lighting creates the perfect vibe while GROOVE bass boost pumps out hard hitting beats.
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Crank up 200 watts of awesome sound, perfect for your Lightning™ connector compatible iPod®, iPhone® or iPad®. Rock every song in your iTunes® library wirelessly in any room thanks to AirPlay® wireless technology.
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Tune out the hectic world outside as you lose yourself in the sumptuous sounds and extreme comfort of digital noise canceling headphones. Inline remote with built-in mic works with perfectly with your iPod®, iPad® or iPhone®.
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Tune out the outside world with these Balanced Armature noise canceling in-ear headphones. Rechargeable battery lasts for up to 20 hours—perfect for all your traveling needs.
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A Del Frisco's Double Eagle Steak House
58 E Oak St between Michigan Ave and Rush St
B Saloon Steakhouse
200 E Chestnut St at Mies van der Rohe Way
C Table Fifty-Two
52 W Elm St between Clark and Dearborn Sts
D Eve - Closed
840 N Wabash Ave at Chestnut St
E The Goddess and Grocer
25 E Delaware Pl at Wabash Ave
F Sarah's Pastries and Candies [Closed]
70 E Oak St between Rush St and Michigan Ave
G Big Bowl
6 E Cedar St at Rush St
H Friends Sushi
710 N Rush St between Superior and Huron Sts
I Allium
The Four Seasons, 120 E Delaware Pl, seventh fl between Michigan Ave and Ernst Ct
A Eno
Hotel InterContinental, 505 N Michigan Ave at Illinois Ave
B Whiskey Sky
644 N Lake Shore Dr between Ontario and Erie Sts
C Viand
155 E Ontario St between Michigan Ave and St. Clair St
D Phi Lounge
1244 N Dearborn St between Division and Goethe Sts
E Trader Vic's [Closed]
1030 N State St at Bellevue Pl
F Rebar
401 N Wabash Ave at Kinzie St
G The Hangge-Uppe
14 W Elm St between State and Dearborn Sts
H Vertigo Sky Lounge
Dana Hotel & Spa, 660 N State St at Erie St
I Leg Room
7 W Division St between State Pkwy and Dearborn St
A "Inspiring Beauty: 50 Years of Ebony Fashion Fair."
1601 N Clark St at North Ave
A "Inspiring Beauty: 50 Years of Ebony Fashion Fair."
1601 N Clark St at North Ave
B Amalia Pica
220 E Chicago Ave at Mies van der Rohe Way


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Larry Stanford | The Thomaston Times
Upson-Lee High School's 2012 Homecoming is Friday night at Matthews Field, with the Homecoming Queen being crowned. The 2012 Senior Homecoming Queen Court is made up of (front, left to right) Jayme Brown, Lauren Harrell, Davie Hudgins, Macy Jones, Bailey Lawson, Libby Raines , (back, left to right) Kendra Richardson , Demeshia Russell, Erin Stallings, Savannah Suarez, Kenya Williams, and Oprah Winfrey. All of the Queen and Princess Courts will be featured in the Homecoming Parade, which starts at 5 p.m. on Friday and will go around the square.


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The 1" thick urethane foam layer provides softness for younger (lighter-weight) users, while the 1-3/8" thick polyethylene layer prevents the mat from bottoming out during heavier use and provides a more stable mat surface. Foam layers are permanently bonded together. All mats have smooth, nylon-reinforced 14 oz vinyl covers and are flame-resistant, washable, and mildew-proof, with double-reinforced nylon-stitched inside seams for durability, maximum safety, and long life. Mats fold in 1' or 2' sections for easy storage. Choose no Velcro®, Velcro® on 2 ends, or Velcro® on all 4 sides for all custome color mats. SpeedShip™ and Rainbow® mats include Velcro® on 2 ends. Mats without Velcro® can be used individually, or mats with 1-1/2" Velcro® can be linked together in a long run or combined to cover large areas. Please Specify Color(s) when ordering. Truck delivery for 5' x 10', 5' x 12', and 6' x 12' mats.
Actual vinyl color may slightly vary from color swatches shown here. Because these are custom made, please confirm your colors before ordering.


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Chatham HS Girls Golf Team Competes In State Tournament Of Champions
Girls compete as one of only eight teams in the state
By Local Golf Fan
9:14 pm
Local Voices
Patch Blogs
Learn More, Earn More, Stay Employed
Over the course of a lifetime, college graduates are more likely to stay employed and will earn more.
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Creating The Perfect Home Office
Suggestions for turning that unused room into a Home Office.
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The Biggest Financial Aid Mistake
The deadline is approaching quickly for the most important of all the financial aid forms.
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GOOD SLEEPING HABITS: Just as Important to your Health as Good Nutrition
Health Coach, Teacher and Chiropractic Physician
Do you dream of getting a good night's sleep? If you're like many Americans, the stresses of work and family make sleeping well difficult.
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CTEC and the SDOC Receive Morris County Recycling Awards
The Chatham Township Environmental Commission and the School District of the Chathams were two of the 12 award recipients at the recent 25th Annual Morris County Recycling Awards dinner.
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Posted: Thu Oct 11, 2012 3:48 pm
Post subject: 1
Thanks for the information. I am a big fan of turtles and anything we can do to help them out is wonderful!
Posted: Thu Oct 11, 2012 2:20 pm
Post subject: 0
This turtle had just laid eggs in my garden area, one of at least 3 snappers (that I know of) that did that this year. If living near a wetland this is a regular occurrence, they look for a suitable spot, preferably one that offers bare soil or at least low cut weeds. They want to place their eggs in a location where the sun can incubate. If you're curious, I don't collect any eggs of turtles, but rather try and protect the spot where they are.
A little bit about turtle eggs: once they're laid and they're dropped into the hole excavated by the turtle, then within about a half hour or so, the eggs "set" - that is the yolk and white orient themselves (using gravity), and slightly harden.
At this point onward if attempting to move turtle eggs it's essential to maintain this original position. Otherwise the developing turtle inside will die - either by being crushed or torn (membrane is attached to the inside of the eggshell), or simply suffocate, If for some reason it becomes necessary to move eggs, a felt marker/magic sharpie can be used to draw a small circle on the top of the egg indicating and serving as a reminder which way is up or down, allowing the handler to keep the eggs in the proper/original position at all times.
So please pass this info on. Turtles, like many reptiles and amphibians, are on the decline, mostly due to human encroachment and loss of habitat. The snapping turtle is not on the endangered list at this time, but their numbers are declining pretty much everywhere people show up in any significant numbers.
Awareness and education are important, let's preserve our wild creatures as long as we can. So please pass on this turtle-egg-info to anyone who might need to know.
Posted: Wed Oct 10, 2012 9:56 pm
Post subject: -1
The only Maltese I have known was a Falcon.
Jedo the Jedi
Posted: Wed Oct 10, 2012 9:54 pm
Post subject: -2
Every Maltese I have ever known (that's at least a handful) has had good personality and energy...and problems with chewing on things.
Posted: Wed Oct 10, 2012 9:09 pm
Post subject: -3
Thanks. When she's not chewing though drywall, she's got quite a personality.
Posted: Wed Oct 10, 2012 9:07 pm
Post subject: -4
Great expression, you can see the personality there. A very likeable dog you have there, Suspence.
Posted: Wed Oct 10, 2012 8:13 pm
Post subject: -5
Meet Zoe. She's a 3 year old Maltese, currently sporting a puppy cut.
Posted: Wed Oct 10, 2012 5:17 pm
Post subject: -6
Here are a few of Esther. These were taken February 2012 (Esther will be a year old November 1st).
The Ragin' South Asian
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 5:07 pm
Post subject: -7
Where's the Esther post??
The Ragin' South Asian
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 3:19 pm
Post subject: -8
Posted: Mon Oct 08, 2012 2:52 pm
Post subject: -9
Dragon Phoenix wrote:
Save the last dance for me
Art Rock (Hennie)
, on Flickr
Not as sharp as I would have liked, but still a nice moment to capture......
What a great picture, Dragon Phoenix!
Here is Hanna at 6.5 weeks old.
But she turned out like this!
Here she is (6 mo old) pretending to be a retriever, something she does very well.
Taken last summer at the beach, Hanna (4.5yrs old) an accomplished swimmer.
Posted: Mon Dec 27, 2010 12:08 am
Post subject: -10
A good friend sent this to me. I'm partial to cats but I do love dogs and this is just fascinating.
Dogs Decoded
Posted: Sun Dec 26, 2010 2:52 pm
Post subject: -11
Playing in the snow. This is the golf course right out our back door.
Posted: Sun Dec 26, 2010 10:43 am
Post subject: -12
Belly, you must pet it
The cute kitties know which team to love.
Dragon Phoenix
Posted: Sun Dec 26, 2010 5:47 am
Post subject: -13
Save the last dance for me
Art Rock (Hennie)
, on Flickr
Not as sharp as I would have liked, but still a nice moment to capture......
Posted: Wed Dec 15, 2010 6:02 am
Post subject: -14
Cutest Rodents Ever!
Posted: Tue Dec 14, 2010 1:30 pm
Post subject: -15
Kinda looks like Jabba the Hutt.
Posted: Tue Dec 14, 2010 12:40 am
Post subject: -16
Buzzsaw wrote:
Will need to get a photo bucket account so I won't have to bother Courk or Chuck anymore, will try to get them posted soon.
is running fine. Setup an account and then send Hy, Lepton, or myself (there are other admins I forgot) a message and the process can be completed.
And before page 2 gets taken over by dogs...
Posted: Mon Dec 13, 2010 11:22 pm
Post subject: -17
I think all the Shih Tzus kinda look like Wicket.
Posted: Mon Dec 13, 2010 9:07 pm
Post subject: -18
Chaz wrote:
Sammie (a third Shih Tzu who's not been pictured yet), got a new bed. Bella laid claim to it.
That looks like an Ewok.
Posted: Mon Dec 13, 2010 7:24 pm
Post subject: -19
groza528 wrote:
OK, I can't be the only one who's thinking this... if Spencer gets shaved once a year, why on earth do you do it the winter?
Good question! We really would have preferred not to get it done until spring, but his fur gets so matted (knotted up) that the only practical and non-cruel remedy when it gets that bad is to shear him. It would take several hours to brush him out and it's really uncomfortable for him to get that done.
Posted: Mon Dec 13, 2010 6:46 pm
Post subject: -20
Rudy is on the left; Cryssie is on the right
Posted: Mon Dec 13, 2010 4:45 pm
Post subject: -21
OK, I can't be the only one who's thinking this... if Spencer gets shaved once a year, why on earth do you do it the winter?
Posted: Mon Dec 13, 2010 2:52 pm
Post subject: -22
It's North Dakota. It's -10. But this still just isn't right.
Posted: Thu Dec 02, 2010 12:34 pm
Post subject: -23
I love dawgs. =D
Dragon Phoenix
Posted: Thu Dec 02, 2010 9:58 am
Post subject: -24
My brother who took care of Jazz while I was in the hospital also has a spaniel, a girl named Amy:
Art Rock (Hennie)
, on Flickr
Play ball
Art Rock (Hennie)
, on Flickr
Posted: Wed Dec 01, 2010 9:49 pm
Post subject: -25
Great to see more pics! Esp of dogs, (have to admit I my bias - I love dogs.)
Posted: Wed Dec 01, 2010 9:17 pm
Post subject: -26
Sammie (a third Shih Tzu who's not been pictured yet), got a new bed. Bella laid claim to it.
Posted: Wed Dec 01, 2010 8:48 pm
Post subject: -27
Her name is Brittany, we got her about 2 years ago as a rescue dog from a shelter. About 100 pounds of tripping hazard.
On top of the chair is one of our cats, Scratch (he has a sister, Sniff). Obviously the dog is a little bigger than she believes she is
the boy is #2 child, Ollie
Dragon Phoenix
Posted: Wed Dec 01, 2010 8:06 pm
Post subject: -28
Jazz is 8,5 now, Ellen....
Here is one of the funniest shots I took of him. My brother returned him yesterday (he had picked Jazz up when I was kept in the hospital), and having him around helps, especially with my wife in Shanghai.
Posted: Wed Dec 01, 2010 7:50 pm
Post subject: -29
Our dog Spencer doesn't shed. That's the good news. The bad news is that his fur is a nightmare to maintain. It gets matted and he's constantly in need of grooming. About once a year it gets so bad that we have to have him shaved down to not much.
It's time. I think he has an appointment within a few days to get this done, so might see new pictures in this thread of a dog that looks.......well........different!
Posted: Wed Dec 01, 2010 9:37 am
Post subject: -30
Great thread idea for sure. Hello Chaz! I will try to get some pics posted of my hellion "Hanna" (no I did not beat her to death with a beer bottle, I don't know how that rumor got started) and post them here.
She will be 5 yrs old the end of March, the German Shepherd who thinks she's a Labrador Retriever.
Will need to get a photo bucket account so I won't have to bother Courk or Chuck anymore, will try to get them posted soon.
Once again, great thread! Hope to see more pics of everyone's Alpacas.
Internet Stranger
Posted: Mon Nov 29, 2010 8:17 pm
Post subject: -31
My chickie is cute.
Posted: Sun Nov 28, 2010 10:13 pm
Post subject: -32
How to give a dog a pill:
1. Wrap pill in cheese.
2. Make him beg.
Posted: Sun Nov 28, 2010 6:37 pm
Post subject: -33
How to give a cat a pill 2.0
Put pill in a Pill Pocket (or other brand that does the same). Watch your cat nom nom the treat. Done.
Posted: Sun Nov 28, 2010 6:20 pm
Post subject: -34
But not as hard as I slam your mom's face!
Posted: Sun Nov 28, 2010 5:37 pm
Post subject: -35
Sam just slammed me almost as hard as I slam his mom.
Somebody (probably a GLer, on the GL) once wrote:
How To Give A Cat A Pill
1. Pick up cat and cradle it in the crook of your left arm as if holding a baby. Position right forefinger and thumb on either side of cat's mouth and gently apply pressure to cheeks while holding pill in right hand. As cat opens mouth, pop pill into mouth. Allow cat to close mouth and swallow.
2. Retrieve pill from floor and cat from behind sofa. Cradle cat in left arm and repeat process.
3. Retrieve cat from bedroom, and throw soggy pill away.
4. Take new pill from foil wrap, cradle cat in left arm, holding rear paws tightly with left hand. Force jaws open and push pill to back of mouth with right forefinger. Hold mouth shut for a count of ten.
5. Retrieve pill from goldfish bowl and cat from top of wardrobe. Call spouse from garden.
6. Kneel on floor with cat wedged firmly between knees, hold front and rear paws. Ignore low growls emitted by cat. Get spouse to hold head firmly with one hand while forcing wooden ruler into mouth. Drop pill down ruler and rub cat's throat vigorously.
7. Retrieve cat from curtain rail, get another pill from foil wrap. Make note to buy new ruler and repair curtains. Carefully sweep shattered figurines and vases from hearth and set to one side for gluing later.
8. Wrap cat in large towel and get spouse to lie on cat with head just visible from below armpit. Put pill in end of drinking straw, force mouth open with pencil and blow down drinking straw
9. Check label to make sure pill not harmful to humans, drink 1 beer to take taste away. Apply Band-Aid to spouse's forearm and remove blood from carpet with cold water and soap.
10. Retrieve cat from neighbor's shed. Get another pill. Open another beer. Place cat in cupboard, and close door on to neck, to leave head showing. Force mouth open with dessert spoon. Flick pill down throat with elastic band.
11. Fetch screwdriver from garage and put cupboard door back on hinges. Drink beer. Fetch bottle of scotch. Pour shot, drink. Apply cold compress to cheek and check records for date of last tetanus shot. Apply whiskey compress to cheek to disinfect. Toss back another shot. Throw Tee shirt away and fetch new one from bedroom.
12. Call fire department to retrieve the damn cat from across the road. Apologize to neighbor who crashed into fence while swerving to avoid cat. Take last pill from foil wrap.
13. Tie the little $%@^&*s front paws to rear paws with garden twine and bind tightly to leg of dining table, find heavy-duty pruning gloves from shed. Push pill into mouth followed by large piece of filet steak. Be rough about it. Hold head vertically and pour 2 pints of water down throat to wash pill down.
14. Consume remainder of scotch. Get spouse to drive you to the emergency room, sit quietly while doctor stitches fingers and forearm and removes pill remnants from right eye. Call furniture shop on way home to order new table.
15. Arrange for SPCA to collect mutant cat from hell and call local pet shop to see if they have any hamsters.
Posted: Sun Nov 28, 2010 9:59 am
Post subject: -36
Remind me which one has AIDS. Oh nm that's just Chaz.
Posted: Sun Nov 28, 2010 3:06 am
Post subject: -37
Big difference between your mom and your face.
Posted: Sat Nov 27, 2010 5:36 pm
Post subject: -38
liqueur. Big difference.
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Principal Investigator(s): Jain, Sonia; Cohen, Alison; Petrosino, Anthony
Summary: This study used longitudinal data from 1,114 youth ages 11-16 and their neighborhoods from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine whether baseline interpersonal and neighborhood protective factors predicted behavioral adjustment at waves 2 and 3 among youth who were victims of, witnesses of, or unexposed to violence, controlling for individual and neighborhood-level risks. (view full summary)
Persistent URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR22661.v1
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22 Meetup Groups match "hackerspaces" near Irvine, CA
DIYbio San Diego is the DIY bio meetup group for San Diego County. We do not have our own mailing list yet, so join the discussions on the SoCal DIYBio Google Group ( groups.google.com/group/socal-diybio ). Inspired by the DIY science of the Hackerspace movement, and other DIY bio groups like BioCurious ( www.BioCurious.org) and SoCal DIYbio ( www.meetup.com/SoCal-DIYBio/), DIYbio San Diego aims to gather like-minded science geeks from the Greater San Diego area. We believe that if BioTech is to …
There are no upcoming Meetups.
This is a group for people wanting to create a community resource like a makerspace/buildspace/hackerspace in the Ventura Area. The topics I chose for the keywords of this group are just an idea of ways that I would like to see this resource grow, but as people join the direction would morph into a group decided direction to meet the needs of all members. If you are seeking this type of resource, join up and lets make this happen in our community.
The 23b Shop is a (highly) mixed industrial hacker space. We work on a large range of projects including automotive, motorcycle, 4x4, guns and reloading, computers and networking, electronics and microprocessor projects, metal casting, machining, fabrication of all kinds, welding, leatherwork, jewelry, and knifemaking. If you are used to living in your own greasy unilluminated cave, this place is a VERITABLE WONDERLAND of creature comforts -- the treehouse you wish you could have built as a chi …
Droplabs is a collaborative Drupal coworking / hackerspace in Downtown Los Angeles. We are currently in open beta. We are focused on serving the greater LA Drupal community, enriching the Drupal skills and lives of its members, and bringing joy to our Drupal practice.
3D printing, DIY CNC Milling, Arduino fun, Raspberry Pi fun, scripting, etc.
We are a group of people starting a nonprofit coworking location in the heart of Downtown Riverside. Come join us!
A community lab in downtown LA. Amateurs and professionals are all welcome to join us.
Meetup details are available only to members.
An Arduino programming group starting from scratch. We'll meet up and figure it out collectively. This is meant to be a convenient weekly get together where we bring our projects, work on them and try to work past roadblocks. It is also meant to inspire. What are you doing with this micro controller? What are you bringing to life with it? Are you animating your house, making interactive kinetic sculpture, making a robot? I've got a place for us to meet in old town Pasadena with nice big tables w …
Meetup details are available only to members.
STEP 1: Register at www.OCHackerz.com STEP 2: Introduce yourself to the group STEP 3: Check our discussion forum STEP 4: Sign up for the next event. Mission Statement:- OCHackerz is a human institution designed to create new products or services under conditions of extreme uncertainty. The vision for this group is to meet, network, learn and share ideas to build a community of people from all backgrounds, entrepreneurs, business strategists, accountants, legal attorneys, contractors, marketer …
This is a club where like minded Ethical Hackers, Penetration Testers and Network / Computer Security professionals can come together and share knowledge. More geared on the technical side, we plan to have hands activities. Bring your coolest exploits or just a passion to learn!
There are no upcoming Meetups.
The Urban Workshop is a large membership based workshop in Irvine, California that provides tools, equipment and classes in a wide range range of fields including: Metal shop, Wood Shop, Welding, CNC Machining, Auto shop, Engineering, computer lab, Fabric and textile area, 3D printing, Laser cutting and etching and more. We are open to the public and membership is set up like a gym membership. You can choose to go month to month or sign up for a year and save a few bucks. We strive to have a lot …
If you like to build your own robots, come join us! These can be any kind of robots. Maybe small table-top autonomous robots made from Lego Mindstorms kits, or with custom Arduino brains. Or larger custom machined bots with Android cell phones as brains. Maybe quad-copter flying bots. How about battle bots. Or sumo bots. Or fire-fighting bots. Or? Let's get together and show off our robots and maybe create some local robotics competitions. Or maybe prepare together for national robotic competiti …
There are no upcoming Meetups.
The Information Systems Security Association (ISSA ®) is a not-for-profit, international organization of information security professionals and practitioners. It provides educational forums, publications and peer interaction opportunities that enhance the knowledge, skill and professional growth of its members. The primary goal of ISSA is to promote management practices that will ensure the availability, integrity and confidentiality of information resources.
L.I is made up of people who are interested in physical security, learning how locks works and techniques to open them, and connecting with people. This group meets at Null Space Labs (http://www.032.la) in Los Angeles, CA on the third Friday of every month. The meeting is open to the public and beginners are welcome! There are two common sense rules that members must follow: + You should never pick locks that you don't own, or that you don't have the owners explicit permission to pick. + You s …
Maker Faire is coming to San Diego! This group is designed to bring together people who are interested in exhibiting, volunteering, or otherwise participating in Maker Faire San Diego and the Maker Movement.
There are no upcoming Meetups.
Please check http://www.Vocademy.com for the latest info! This Meetup group started out as a way for me to share info on the shop 101 and other hands-on classes I was hosting. But since then the idea has grown, and we are in the process of starting a physical makerspace in the Inland Empire. A place where you can go to learn hands-on skills and be able to use those skills in a (large, fully equipped) dream workshop. 3D printing, laser engraving, machine shop, wood shop, sewing & crafts, CAD/C …
We are a small business focused on providing affordable and accessible engineering work space and resources. Our purpose is to contribute to revitalizing American creativity in the areas of product development, prototyping, and manufacturing. Our new facility provides access to basic hand tools, shop power tools such as band saw, table saw, and drill press, as well as laptops and instruments suitable for small electronics prototyping such as oscilloscopes, function and arbitrary waveform genera …
We are a group of educators, hackers, artists, and others interested in building the Young Makers movement in LA. Whether you call them Fab Labs, SmartLabs, or Makerspaces... whatever permutation they take, let's join forces and get more going here in SoCal.
Meetup details are available only to members.
We are a small group of individuals who enjoy tinkering with ideas, concepts and designs. We build small automated contraptions from anything and everything available. Our arsenal includes a laser cutter, 3D printers, and a garage full of tools.
There are no upcoming Meetups.
Whether you are a 3d printing veteran, or just want to finally see what all the hype is about, join our group for seminars, panels, webinars and other events. 3d printing is where the home computer business was in the early 90's. It has the ability to really change the world. Join our group and get in on the action.
LA Makerspace is a non-profit member-driven family friendly community space for makers, tinkerers, and DIYers of all ages to create and collaborate. Our mission is to provide a place where youth can make and learn alongside adults and where members can work on their own projects while learning new, unique maker skills through our workshops, on-going interest-based programs, mentorship, and peer learning environment. We offer affordable single classes, multi-day workshops, access to equipment, an …
There are no upcoming Meetups.
You should join this group if you desire to: - consume less - commune more - create more - live simply - save money Analog Living is a series of lectures and workshops focusing on self-sufficiency and the do-it-yourself spirit. Topics will include off-the-grid living, urban homesteading, sustainability, and cultivating an alternative mindset toward consumerism and our way of life. If you have any suggestions on topics or speakers, please feel free to contact me! Micah White // Adbusters
Get an alert email when new Meetup Groups like this start near you.
You'll get advice, help finding members, and tools to make running a Meetup Group easier.


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Got Ripped Off By a Firewood Dealer - Any tips for Drying wood quickly?
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"projektwerk: Where freelancers and professionals connect for project-based work and job offers"
Projektwerk: Modern working – in all contractual forms i.e. fixed-term projects and salaried jobs as well as freelancer professionals to realize your projects and freelance jobs - all on a single platform.
On projektwerk.com freelancer professionals and providers of projects and freelance jobs from areas such as consulting, creative, engineering, fashion, IT, and medical directly and proactively cooperate to get work done – no commissions.
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Chevy Tracker Keychains & Keyrings
Chevrolet Tracker Keychains are just as popular with consumers as its vehicular counterpart and the different styles and designs of this keychain has led to people collecting them for themselves. The Chevrolet Tracker is a vehicle manufactured by Suzuki under the umbrella of General Motors of Canada. This mini SUV or Sports Utility Vehicle is a spin-off of the vehicle known as Suzuki Escudo and began production for sale in the US starting 1989 until 2004. The Mexican version of this vehicle began production and sales in the same year it was being promoted in the US and still enjoys brisk sales to this day in Mexico.
The second generation of this vehicle was also called the Chevy Vitara or the Chevy Grand Vitara and came in the 2 door and four door variations. People also use these keychains that come in either leather, suede, chrome or stainless steel for presents, keepsakes or even for giveaways. The beauty of these small but useful items makes recipients and the people who purchase them as well enjoy and appreciate them. These Chevrolet Tracker keychains are indeed some of the best items related to the vehicle that you can cherish apart from the vehicle itself.


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A Bigz die from Sizzix cleanly cuts thick materials, including cardstock, chipboard, fabric, foam, magnet, leather, metallic foil, pape... Full Description & Details.
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not just for christmas can be used for a winmter card as well