text:
Report from Bradley Manning's motion hearing, March 15-16
Bradley's attorney insists charges must be dismissed after the government's refusal to provide vast amounts of evidence and key witnesses. Criticizing "gamesmanship," David Coombs said the prosecution "has so hopelessly confused discovery in this case so as to prejudice my client."
By Nathan Fuller, Bradley Manning Support Network. March 15, 2012
I've attended Bradley Manning's pretrial hearing in December, his arraignment in February, and now his motion hearing – all in Fort Meade, but each time has been a little different. Notable new developments this time include a bomb-sniffing dog at vehicle inspection, an announcement prefacing the session that "attire" deemed "disruptive" would warrant ejection, and a Support Network member being denied entry to the base temporarily for wearing a Bradley Manning t-shirt.
Today began Bradley Manning's motion hearing, a pretrial procedure designed to reintroduce and debate some issues that arose from PFC Manning's pretrial hearing in December and his arraignment in February. The military judge is expected to announce a timeline for the court martial to come.
The foremost issues discussed today were the defense's motions to compel discovery and to compel deposition, meaning the evidence and witnesses that were denied at the pretrial hearing.
First, military judge Denise Lind asked PFC Manning if he'd like to retain his current defense team, comprising David Coombs and military officers Bouchard and Kemkes, who was absent today. Manning confirmed that he would. Lind proceeded to summarize the RCM 802 conferences held between Lind, the defense, and the prosecution since the arraignment.
A publicity order was filed and agreed upon, which bars potential jury members from accessing media coverage relating to Manning's case. Then the judge moved on to the protective order for classified material which is a highly contentious issue but one plagued by the prosecution's technical issues. The military claimed to have not received vital government emails and that it's requesting a new email address, and a spam filter had obscured a government email about the protective order. Later on we learned that all emails with the word "WikiLeaks" in them were automatically blocked.
Still, Lind said, the defense and prosecution could not agree on the protective order, as both had filed orders separately. The defense withdrew its request, however, upon learning the prosecution would not reveal "due diligence."
Bill of particulars — specifying the prosecution's claims
Lind moved on to the bill of particulars, which the defense filed to force the prosecution to answer questions clarifying and specifying elements of its arguments. Coombs announced that the defense did not understand which documents the prosecution intended to disclose. The prosecution responded that the government had already disclosed all documents except those protected by the classification order.
Then the post-hearing calendar was briefly addressed, but we got few answers about the actual court martial – notably, though, on Bradley Manning's 660th day in prison without a court martial, the judge assured Coombs that she was "very sensitive" to Manning's right to a speedy trial. She admonished him immediately after, though, saying that in filing a bill of particulars, Coombs can't expect to have both reply filings that add time to the proceedings and request a speedier trial simultaneously. Coombs responded that he was not intending to add time but was merely requesting specificity to avoid potential surprises.
Then we moved on to the government's responses and non-responses to the defense's questions in the bill of particulars. Asked again, "Who is the alleged enemy?" the government responded, "Al Qaeda and Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula." Asked how Manning "knowingly" transmit information to the enemy, the government replied that it was via WikiLeaks, on WikiLeaks' website. The government would not answer "How did Manning get access?" because they believed doing so would require them to preview their arguments to come.
Coombs replied that he was not requesting the government's legal theory, but merely the facts they're asserting to make them. Coombs wanted to know whether the prosecution alleged that Manning had hacked into the SIPRnet, or stolen a password, or simply used the access he already had. Before the government could respond, Lind interjected herself, pushing back against Coombs' question, asking, "Does the government have to prove how he did it?"
Coombs responded that this type of specificity is what the bill of particulars was designed for, explaining, "I don't want a trial by ambush."
The government contended that their allegation that Manning accessed the SIPRnet was sufficient explanation. Both sides argued back and forth, with Coombs repeating his reasoning for the request and the prosecution ultimately saying, "It's not a mystery how he accessed the computer." The judge ruled in favor of the government, that the given explanation was sufficient.
The whole back and forth was repeated with regards to the 'Wget' software, with Coombs asking whether the prosecution alleged it was among the computer's programs, added with a hard drive, or on the desktop temporarily. No resolution could be reached, so the judge asked the prosecution to produce a forensic expert's report on the matter.
Next on the bill of particulars, Coombs asked the government whether it alleged Manning had "stolen," "purloined," or "knowingly converted" the information. More than a semantic issue, this encompasses the proof required for each theory. The prosecution said it "maintained both theories," Lind replied that there were three at hand, and the prosecution responded that it made no distinction between steal and purloin. Coombs argued that "purloin" is different in that it requires deception. Lind requested the prosecution produce a more complete answer by March 23.
Motion to compel discovery — the defense requests vital evidence
Lind proceeded to the defense's motion to compel discovery, starting with an ex parte filing (one which the prosecution doesn't get to see). The government had asked if the filing was a motion or a supplement, and the defense replied that it was the latter. The government requested that Lind reconsider hearing the motion and instead deny it, which the judge granted. She did note that the defense is allowed to redact the ex parte and submit it openly.
The next motion to compel discovery produced the most extensive controversy. The defense argued that the prosecution fundamentally misunderstands the Brady rule it cites, which mandates evidence disclosure, because it cites Brady's appellate standard where it means to cite Brady itself. Coombs reminded that he's been requesting the government's damage assessments, internal reviews of the alleged damage caused due to WikiLeaks' releases, since October 10, 2011, but that the government hasn't provided them. This is especially of concern given Secretary Clinton and Secretary Gates' public statements acknowledging that very little if any harm had been caused.
The prosecution said it had searched thoroughly for material meeting the Brady standard and had found none it deemed relevant to the defense's case. But Coombs parsed their argument to elucidate the standard needed: in a motion to compel discovery, the information need only be "material," or helpful, to the defense. Helpful could mean that it reflected positively on and helped confirm the defense's argument, or that it reflected negatively and thus informed the defense to pursue alternate arguments. Either way, Coombs said, a damage assessment would clearly be of interest, and that it more than cleared the low bar needed for discovery – a bar, Coombs quipped, so low that you could trip over it. The prosecution, he said, was misinterpreting Brady to force the defense to show how the damage assessment was necessarily relevant to its case, when the assessment only need to be deemed "material."
Coombs also took issue with the prosecution's "gamesmanship" regarding the damage assessments. They're contending both that he needs to prove their relevancy and that they're irrelevant. They referred to the "alleged" damage assessments, which Coombs said they know full well exist, and are "playing fast and loose with the word 'completed'," as these damage assessments could theoretically go on for years. Coombs argued the government "continues to hide behind the complexities of this case." Deriding the prosecution for "obscuring reality," Coombs said, "We in the military pride ourselves on not playing games with discovery."
Lind didn't address the Brady standard distinction, and instead asked, "So you're shifting the burden to the government? You have no burden of proof?" Observing this surprising interjection, the Support Network's Kevin Zeese said, "the government is fighting Coombs every inch of the way and it feels like the judge really wants to rule against Manning."
Coombs reiterated his reasoning several times, explaining that the burden of proof would only be on the defense if he was asking to produce the evidence in court. He was motioning, Coombs clarified, only to discover the material, which requires a far lower bar. Again criticizing the prosecution's use of the Brady standard, Coombs said, "Citing the wrong standard for twelve pages is not a mistake. That's intentional."
Emphasizing the dire nature of this misuse, Coombs said, "We're now at a very late stage in the game, with at least two years of applying the wrong standard." Even if the prosecution were to now hand over the documents, totaling three million pages in all, the defense would need at least an additional six months to review them, further delaying Bradley's already extremely long pretrial confinement. As Zeese noted, "this discovery battle is critical to the case. If the government can hide the evidence there is no way for there to be a fair trial."
But Lind didn't engage that argument either, saying, "I don't agree that you can ask for anything," meaning she agreed with the prosecution's interpretation of the Brady standard.
She then reintroduced the Quantico videos – videotapes of Manning's abuse at the marine brig, which incurred international outrage. The prosecution stated they did not believe such video exists. Coombs said he'd been given some videotapes but that they were not the tapes he'd requested.
Lind also asked for Allen Milliman's testimony. Milliman is a network engineer who, at the Article 32 pretrial hearing, discussed his work fixing soldiers' computers. Without hesitation, Coombs replied, "If we had a verbatim transcript, we could provide that."
Returning to the damage assessments, the judge asked Coombs why he thought they'd be helpful. He reiterated that the assessments would be of use whether they were positive or negative, and that they would be used with regards to the merits of the case or a potential sentencing argument. He added again that Defense Secretary Robert Gates had publicly claimed no sources were compromised as a result of WikiLeaks' releases. He took his argument a step further, contending that this was such a fundamental misunderstanding of Brady that it had become "irreversibly" detrimental.
Asked to respond, Ashden Fein claimed that everything the defense is requesting is classified, and thus isn't subject to discovery disclosure. Fein said the prosecution has options – it could turn the material over, redact it, or invoke the classification privilege – but only if it was deemed relevant could it make a decision.
Lind pressed him on this: "Is there any Brady?" Fein said he didn't have the authority to answer that question. Lind asked why not, and Fein's response provoked audible chortles in the courtroom: "Because it's classified."
Elaborating, Fein said the prosecution couldn't comment on the relevance of classified documents, attempting to send the burden of proof back to the defense. He continued, saying the defense had requested four damage assessments, and some of those were "not complete." Coombs said he requested those that were complete, and pushed back again on the use of "complete," because "if they're never completed, they can never be requested."
Coombs said the government is incorrect in arguing that classification requires proffering necessity or relevance, observing that the prosecution has provided other classified material without the relevance established in court. He said the prosecution's misunderstanding of their obligations is "beyond curing," and that the government "has so hopelessly confused discovery in this case so as to prejudice my client."
"Therefore, I motion to dismiss all charges with prejudice."
Coombs submitted the motion to dismiss the charges he believed were prejudiced by the lack of evidence, bringing copies to the judge and the prosecution.
Motion to compel deposition — defense witnesses improperly denied from Article 32 hearing
Lind then carried on to the motion to compel deposition – the defense's filing protesting the denial of witnesses at the pretrial hearing and re-requesting their testimony. He argued these witnesses, Original Classification Authorities (OCA), should be reconsidered for three reasons – (1) their testimony is essential, (2) they were improperly denied from the hearing in December, and (3) the government has impeded the defense's access to them.
Coombs said these "vital witnesses" were determined to be unavailable for the hearing, despite the fact that two of them were located here at Fort Meade, and weren't even asked to attend. Instead of asking them, the government had decided independently that they weren't available, and that the defense's requests were "premature."
Coombs explained that he'd asked for the contact information for the two civilian OCAs, to contact them on his own. A month passed with no response, so he asked again — Coombs said the government provided one indirect point of contact, and nothing else.
The prosecution stood to announce several, somewhat disparate explanations for their response to the defense's request. The prosecution disagrees with the defense on the Investigative Officer's findings, namely that the deposition denials were improper. Also, the prosecution promised to "endeavor to find" proper witnesses for the defense, and military "housekeeping rules" prevented giving information for those outside the military.
With that, Judge Lind dismissed the court for the day, and scheduled tomorrow's hearing for 10 AM.
Military judge denies another motion filed by Bradley's attorney. After lengthy delay, motion hearing ends with no court martial date set. Next hearing: April 24-26.
Though the second day of PFC Bradley Manning's motion hearing at Fort Meade was scheduled for 10 AM, extensive private conferencing between the judge, Denise Lind; Manning's defense, led by David Coombs; and the prosecution pushed the proceedings back to 1 PM. Meanwhile, supporters continued a vigil outside the front gate, holding signs for Bradley Manning.
When the hearing finally commenced, the judge explained that the private conference was devoted to reviewing and discussing an appropriate protective bill for classified information, which shields classified documents from the public in a closed session. Lind announced a protective bill had been "finalized" that "balances" the national security interests of the prosecution and the defense's right to a fair trial.
Then the judge introduced the two major motions discussed yesterday, the defense's motion to compel discovery and the defense's motion to compel deposition. First, Lind said that the motion to compel discovery, or potential evidence, was still "under advisement" and that she will email a decision on it before the next session.
Lind proceeded to the motion to compel deposition – the defense's protest of the improper denial of witnesses at the Article 32 pretrial hearing. This motion focused on Original Classification Authorities (OCAs), who would testify about the classification of material PFC Manning is accused of releasing, such as three Apache videos. These include Capt. Culkey, Adm. Kevin Donegan, Robert E. Bets, Robert E. Schmittle, Robert S. Harward, Patrick Kennedy, David Woods, and Robert Rolland.
The judge reviewed the defense's various deposition requests (beginning in October 2010), the pretrial hearing Investigating Officer's (IO) denial based on "availability," and the defense's subsequent appeals and repeated requests. The IO denied the potential witnesses saying they were "unavailable," meaning the "delay, expense, and impact on the military" if they were to testify "outweighs" their relevance to the case. Part of the military's definition for "available" means within 100 miles from the court – despite the fact that two of the civilian OCAs are at Fort Meade itself.
In her analysis, Judge Lind ruled against the defense, denying the motion to compel deposition. She argued the IO's denial was not improper because she agrees their testimony does not "outweigh" the "delay, expense, and impact on the military." Lind also contested Coombs' argument that the government had impeded his access to the civilian OCAs, saying that an affidavit was still permissible.
Signaling that this ruling concluded Manning's motion hearing, Lind scheduled the next court dates for April 24-26, explaining that today's delays proved that three days were necessary for these hearings instead of two. And less than half an hour since it'd begun, the court was dismissed.
This account of Bradley Manning's motion hearing on March 15 and March 16, 2012, is based on Nathan Fuller's courtroom notes, as no official transcript is publicly available. Please send questions or corrections to Nathan(at)bradleymanning.org
28 thoughts on "Report from Bradley Manning's motion hearing, March 15-16"
If this Judge Lind is an honest judge,and I'm not holding my breath,She will do the right thing.Bradley Manning is no traitor,the evidence speaks for itself.If she is an honest judge,she won't let the government or military pressure her into doing anything corrupt like the things they have done.People around the world are watching to see if this judge is going to put an innocent person in prison for the rest of his life while the real traitors and war criminals go free.
Great reporting, Nathan. I attended yesterday's and today's hearings as well. Will look forward to reading your take on today's events. I'll add to your bomb-sniffing dog observation, we got 'wanded' at the court room entry check-point yesterday. And today, when I saw the army guard don blue rubber gloves, i became a little nervous, but turned out, he just wanted to search my purse.
The 1943 type strategies to hold your population in shack is working, but only too a limit. I think this one is on the border.
I'm glad to hear this kind of opinion more and more often. And mine is no different.
I'm sorry, but manning is a traitor. He got people killed with his actions. I hope he sees the firing squad.
No he didn't, liar. Name one person who died as a result of Bradley Manning. You can't because there isn't one. But on the other hand, 1,000,000 have died as a result of US greed for oil in Iraq and elsewhere. And many innocent civilian men, women and children because of the culture of rage the American military inculcates in its machinery – I mean soldiers.
Hi Bettina.
With all respect, US gov is not hungry for oil. They have a lot of its own + they could buy (if they didn't spent all for military;) some more…
In-fact, they only want to control the resources = rule the world. What they doing is exercising exclusive right to say who can buy the oil and how much for.
Another example, Iran – just as Iraq before – refused to play US game and as you can see they same story over again – nuclear waepons, we need to protect the world, bla bla bla.. But Iran is much bigger fish, that's why they trying to starve it first.
Manning is a hero, he has a duty to report a crime according to the UCMJ. Now Homeland Security says, see something say something. Well, he saw something, people, reporters, children being shot and murdered and he said something. We should be praising the whistle-blower. Investigation of retaliation against whistleblowers under 20 federal statutes falls under the jurisdiction of the Office of the Whistleblower Protection Program in US Department of Labor. FREE BRADLEY MANNING
The western world has entered a new age of crime where the old 'cop and robbers' scenario; the good guys and bad guys is coming to an end. Bradley Manning is said to have leaked secret information, if this is true it would seem that he committed a crime. This all seems very strait forward and simple to understand, however there are so many ubiquitous, plausible accusations against the US Army and administration that the issue is has become unclear. It has become a question of balance; whilst Bradley Manning is the defendant, charged with a relativity small crime compered to the horrific list of barbaric crimes of the very same establishment that has placed him on trial, this seems to imply that Bradley Manning is a hero, rather than a criminal. Only one thing is clear and certain; we will see much more asymmetrical crime in the years to come. It will the smart and powerful who put people on trial not 'the good guys' just the smartest.
Thank you Nathan and team Bradley for excellent report. Good work. What is happening is exactly what we expected of the military hardheads– dodging and blocking at every opportunity to hide truth. America deserves better. A soldier and hero of the people deserves better. Heaven help us and help Attorney David Coombs and others who are fighting valiently for truth and justice. It is they who give me hope.
Need to get hundreds more to vote for Bradley Manning for Human Rights Award,Gino Stradra has passed Bradely now by a few hundred votes.Monday is the last day.Need to get the word out.He needs to win this.
Is this progress, or just a less officious show trial?
This Judge seems engaged in a less one-sided process, but is still a Judge employed by the U.S. government, the Plaintiff in the case.
While the issue of Classified information is a very important one, it is the U.S. government who makes the classifications. This reality by itself creates prejudice against Manning's case. The same problem existed for the case against Mr. Daniel Ellsberg over the Pentagon Papers.
Having to prove the relevance of something that will not even be acknowledged to exist is a pretty high bar for Discovery.
Thank you Nathan, for this reporting.
A Presentation is being made in Fort Lauderdale- Sunday March 18 in protest against the unconscionable pretrial treatment of Pfc. Manning. see the website http://www.truthquests.com; I was stationed at Fort Meade as a medic from 1963-5 and abhor this violation of his human rights without a pre-trial hearing for a year and a half. The recent atrocities in Afghanistan are indicative of soldiers who "snap" under pressure; I suspect perhaps this happened to Bradley Manning or whoever had a bellyful of the insanity; it takes me back to my realization in 1963 that the Buddhists who sacrificed themselves in protest against our" heavy-handed" presence in their country. Why are we selling planes and weaponry to Saudi Arabia as we did once to Iran and then later to Iraq. It is Crazy! Kent L. Howland B.S. Pre-Med, Pfc.,M.A. Political Science.
Hang in there Bradley. You are my candidate for the Nobel—Someone has to be man enough to tell the truth; unfortunately, as Jack Nicholson said, " Some people can't handle the truth"! Private FIRST CLASS Kent L. Howland and that is what you are in my book. One thing that I learned is some lawyers can slice baloney so thin that it is pure bullshit. Good Luck, I was at your pre-trial and it looks like you have an excellent attorney–we will see if there is any justice left . Where is their honor?
1. Excellent and full report. Thanks!
2. I think it would be helpful if someone could lay out on Bradley's main page the basis for Coombs motion to dismiss and the three levels of justification for discovery, pre-trial, at trial, and on appeal. The more widely this can be understood the harder for the military judge to "miss-understand" Coombs case.
3. Someone commented "I'm sorry, but manning is a traitor. He got people killed with his actions. I hope he sees the firing squad." It would be helpful if the name and circumstances of even one death (or even injury) could be cited. I happen to take the view that he is a Patriot, trying to save America from its politicians and military. Democracy rests on an informed public, Dictatorship rests on a trusting public. I think the above comments was way too trusting.
One other thought. Bradley looked well. Thank God for the protesters who got him out of Quantico!
I'm a bit saddened at the fact there are so few comments here. I like the generally supportive tone and tend to feel so strongly two things, both based on his assumed involvement with the leaks.
One: that Bradly has saved hundreds of American troop's lives, and Iraq's lives through the publication of this material and the Iraqi governments subsequent refusal to not hold U.S. troops culpable for war crimes. This is one of the major reasons we are "out" of Iraq (a lie of course).
Two: That Bradly is both a Hero and a Martyr for the truth. What America at one time actually stood in support for: Truth, Honesty and Fairness, non of which matters the slightest to the Armed forces any longer, they have become the pawns of the corporations. We no longer live in a democracy or a republic. I feel the court marshal is a absolute sham given our "commander in chiefs" remarks as to his "Guilt". This is a predictable and sad reaction of a grossly corrupt and Imperialist government to the truth of their own crimes, dishonesty and Shame.
Especially in light of the "aiding the enemy" charge, it very disturbing that the judge ruled that the prosecution was justified in denying every single material witness other than the ones on there own list. Justice? Impossible!
Note to Bradley Manning Support Network webpage managers. I have spent days now trying to post my comment. When I try again, this webpage comes back at me with a page that says that I have already posted, and no options, deadend. Plain to see though, day after day, it ain't here. I am not currently having any problems posting elsewhere. Am I allowed to post? Or am I not allowed to post? Is this a websystem malfunction that needs to be repaired? Are there 'character limits' that you have failed to present here. Or is your website under under attack. Whatever, you should be aware of this, as should every person who comes here to learn and contribute, and a clear explanation of this problem be established and provided by you. RIGHT HERE.
BobbyBaxter HCVeteran&MarihuanaFelon
United States Army Security Agency 69-72
Founder Alternative Energy Systems SV.74
I cannot agree with either side of the issue. If Bradley is a patriot then look back in our history and call Benedict Arnold a patriot. Both stood out against what they thought was wrong in the country and sold out for what was their ideal.
On the other hand, if you say that Benedict Arnold was a traitor, then so IS Bradley. No tarring one and not the other.
Both men thought they were doing right for the benefit of their society. Both men were sold out by the military apparatus, Benedict by the military under Washington, Bradley by the military under the war hawks today. No difference at all.
Remember, this has gone further than "just" war crimes. This has escalated into selling out "diplomacy" between us and the rest of the world.
Julian Assange has the bigger burden to bear, but, whether his name is Barack Obama, Mitt Romney or Bradley Mannings, he also has a higher calling to answer to.
I don't like the fact that the military court is stacking the issue against Bradley, but even if we got him away from there and into a federal or civil court the problem would be the same. The military would still have the power to affect the ruling of the courts. All courts would become kangaroo courts once the government (read military) got their hands deep in this issue.
Legal is irrelevant.
He passed documents to who?
The public which means, he handed it over to his SUPERIORS, the SOVEREIGN MEMBERS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN REPUBLIC.
There is no higher authority in this country.
In my sovereign capacity having not elected representation or consented to being governed, I am under no obligation to stand under any corporate statute which is all the Federation can create. It can only create law over itself, corporations, taxes, military and foreign affairs.
Any judge, cop, senator or even Barack Obama telling you otherwise is a liar and is committing criminal fraud.
My only obligation is not to cause mischief. This is why we can actually rally together and get Brad set free. Unfortunately, the cowards we have hired to run OUR corporation, lies to you from birth so you will consent to taking on THEIR debt and THEIR crimes.
America should never have invaded Afghanistan and Iraq in the first place. An increasing amount of innocent civilians continue to die due to the actions of the Americans & their coalition partners. Frankly I see no difference between the Al-qaeda and the American government & its allies. Both are a bunch of terrorists.
What he did was wrong. What he did in these circumstances is punishable by death. Every soldier knows that going in. It's not like he slipped and some classified docs got dropped in front of a diplomat or something. He betrayed everyone of us in Iraq and Afghanistan. 50 years ago he would be dead by now, shot. Some things should not change. He in the very least should never see the light of day again.
You are painfully ignorant.
You understand America as a socialist nation which under the Federation, it is. This is why a democratic process is used.
Guess what though dumbass?
America is a REPUBLIC.
You have an awful lot to learn but then so do 99% of Americans. As a sovereign member of the North American Republic, he had every right and authority to release these documents.
I do not consent to this information being withheld.
I am a sovereign member of the North American Republic who stands over all levels of government, military and public servants or employees there in with constitutional jurisdiction.
I do not consent to the consolidating of my rights and sovereignty.
In a republic, it is all consent reliant. Power is received which means that it is given. Because it is given this must be a decision of free will. Since we have the right to decide to give our sovereignty, we also have the right to choose not to give it.
Have a fucking clue about how the Federation works first!
You haven't got a clue as to what is going on. Monetized debt?
Martial law for the last 80 years?
Please, never make one of your socialist comments ever again.


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- For example, some have called for consumers to avoid attending sports events of teams based in Arizona.
- Similarly, in determining whether to purchase products or services produced by corporations based in Arizona, others are reviewing the contributions and other actions of these corporations to identify whether and to what extent they contributed to the enactment of this unjust law.
The undersigned organizations do not take these steps lightly. We are aware that, in the short term, these actions may adversely affect some Arizonans who opposed the bill and others who are likely to be its principal targets. Before announcing these actions, we consulted extensively with our affiliates, chapters, and members in Arizona. Ultimately, we came to the same conclusions:
- Any short-term adverse impacts on these communities that result from this campaign are far outweighed by the inherent, permanent, and systemic profiling and discrimination that will occuras a result of this unjust law.
- The law is so extreme, and its proponents appear so immune to an appeal to reason, that nothing short of these extraordinary measures is likely to result in the law's repeal.
Thus, we commit to continue this campaign until such time that SB 1070 is repealed, reversed by the courts, and/or superseded by comprehensive federal immigration reform.


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The "Impossible" Turn?Wednesday, December 9th, 2009
Last week ASF posted a new Real Pilot Story, The Impossible Turn. Most will know this as an attempt to return to the airport during an engine failure right after takeoff. The conventional wisdom is to look for something soft and cheap to hit out ahead of the aircraft that involves minimal maneuvering to lessen the chance of a fatal stall.
We have ample evidence that a poorly executed turn or an attempt at too low an altitude is disastrous. What we don't know is how many people successfully pulled it off because there are no statistics on the positive side. Sorry, but local hangar flying does not quite qualify as a reliable source even as the story gets better with each retelling!
In the unusual case of Mooney pilot, Dave Keller, he had just installed a video camera in his Mooney when the engine quit right after takeoff. He estimated he was perhaps 500 feet AGL. We couldn't have paid Dave enough to do this on purpose -it was all captured, accidentally, on video. Dave did a fantastic job and had many things going for him. See for yourself in the Real Pilot Story above.
AOPA writer Barry Schiff wrote about the impossible turn some years ago and actually did some testing to show when it might work. There are lots of caveats. We had quite a discussion at ASF on how to present Dave's experience. There are times when the impossible turn may be quite possible and others when it would be a really bad idea. Perhaps some more testing should be done to identify those situations. What do you think?


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Body of 5-year-old found in Holcombe fire
Two others killed in Friday morning blaze
HOLCOMBE, Wis. - The Chippewa County Coroner's Office has found the body of a 5-year-old boy who was previously missing after a Holcombe fire that killed two others.
The office identified the deceased Saturday as 82-year-old Robert Minder, who owned the home, 22-year-old Josh Peacock of Glen Flora, and 5-year-old Joseph M.R. Sigsworth.
The five others injured Friday morning are 52-year-old Robert Minder Jr., 22-year-old Robert Minder III, 30-year-old Tabatha Minder, 51-year-old Darlene Minder, and 2-year-old Dillon Minder.
The Eau Claire Leader-Telegram reports the bodies of the deceased were recovered Friday evening. Forensic autopsies are scheduled Monday.
The injured men and the 2-year-old have been released from a hospital. The two women were still in critical condition Saturday at Regions Hospital in St. Paul.
Chippewa County Sheriff's Captain Eugene Gutsch said the fire started in a structure attached to the mobile home at 29724 County Highway M, just north of Holcombe, and then spread around 8:45 a.m. Friday.
At this point, investigators do not know how the fire started.
Local And Regional News
- UWM instructor hopes students can find solution to lead problem
- Man arrested on suspicion of OWI after crash
- Assembly Republicans plan to add $300 million for roads
- Minnesota ban on Sunday liquor sales may be lifted
- Mustard Museum may close if county doesn't forgive loan
- Republican, Democrat each share hopes for inauguration


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Your comprehensive resource for ladybug facts, crafts, products & fun!
Customizable ladybug magnets to decorate your life
These cute little ladybug magnets come in two shapes, circular and square.
The ladybug magnets could be used on your refrigerator to post notes and reminders, dishwasher to keep track if your dishes are dirty or clean or a file cabinet to liven up your office with some ladybug decor.
The ladybug magnets can be customized to add any text you'd like on them. Our kids love to arrange magnets on our refrigerator. These ladybug magnets keep them busy in the kitchen while we are making dinner, a great way to keep them occupied!
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Activating Your Western Identity
You may activate your Western Identity online by following the procedures below. Please select the correct method depending on your relationship with Western.
Students and Student Applicants
|In order to:
|You need:
|Then go to:
|Video Help
|Obtain your Western Access Code
|Student Number
|Video tutorial
|Activate your Western Identity
|Student Number
Your Access Code
|Western Identity Manager activation page
|Video tutorial
Faculty, Staff and Associated Persons
|In order to:
|You need:
|Then go to:
|Get your Western User ID and Password if you don't already have it. (confirmation sheet should have been sent to the Telephone Co-ordinator in your department)
|Western IDNumber
|Sign Acceptable Use Agreement
|User Id and One time Password
|Activate your Western Identity
|Set new password and answer challenge response questions
|One time password
|Western Identity Manager
System Information
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Of Interest
Resetting a Forgotten Password
Subscribe to Western Identity Manager


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UPDATED: Grouplove to headline CD102.5 Day 2014
The Columbus Dispatch - February 04, 2014 04:36 PM
CD102.5 FM just announced their lineup for the annual CD102.5 Day, which typically sells out very quickly.
Grouplove, MS MR, Skaters and The Orwells will play The LC's indoor stage on Saturday, March 29 for "Side A," and Phantogram, Jagwar Ma, Morning Parade and Magic Man will take the same stage on April 5 for "Side B."
Tickets are $5 for each night and go on sale starting at 10 a.m. this Friday on ticketmaster.com or at the CD102.5 station (1035 S. Front St.).


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Rilakkuma Disposable Contact Lenses
A Japanese contact lends company, From-eyes's color contact lens brand "1-DAY Refrear Color" has released disposable contact lenses that have the popular Rilakkuma bear character design on them.
They come in a 10 lense-pack set and are sold for ¥1,800. You can choose ones without prescription or degrees.


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3 Things You Should Know About Small Business: Dec. 20
NEW YORK ( TheStreet) -- What's happening in small business today?
1. Franchise growth in 2013 is expected to. ... Given the tax, spending and regulatory uncertainty in Washington, franchise growth is expected to remain flat next year, according to a report by the International Franchise Association .
Compared to 2012, the report forecasts similar growth rates in new franchise business formation, job creation, output and contributions to U.S. gross domestic product (GDP). The franchise sector is projected to create 162,000 new jobs in 2013, but the industry is facing "strong headwinds" due to the public policy uncertainty, IFA says.
"Franchise businesses emerged from the recession stronger due to the strength of the franchise business model and the strong support of franchisors working with franchisees to sustain profitability," says IFA CEO Steve Caldeira. "Franchise businesses are now poised to accelerate growth plans, but industry leaders say the lack of confidence in our leaders in Washington to address the fundamental challenges facing our economy is keeping them and prospective investors on the sidelines."
According to the forecast:
- The number of franchise establishments in the U.S. will increase by 1.4% next year, just shy of 1.5% growth in 2012.
- The number of jobs in franchise establishments will increase by 2% compared to 2.1% growth in 2012.
- The output of franchise establishments in nominal dollars in 2013 will increase 4.3%, following a 4.9% increase in 2012 from $769 billion to $802 billion.
- The gross domestic product of the franchise sector is projected to rise 4.1% in 2013 versus 4.6% growth in 2012 from $454 billion to $472 billion.
Franchisors and franchisees remain frustrated with the pace of the economic recovery and the uncertainty of numerous regulatory and public policy challenges. About 27% of franchisors cite franchise sales and development as their top issue of concern in 2013, while 31% of franchisees cite the Affordable Care Act as their top concern, followed by taxes.
2. Here are some small-business year-end tax-planning strategies. While the tax situation going forward is uncertain, there are a few end-of-year strategies you can -- and should -- take care of before Dec. 31, according to small-business expert Rhonda Abrams in a USA Today article.
Consider these strategies before Dec. 31:
- 1. Accelerate income. "In normal years, the typical advice is to delay income and increase expenses at year's end. But you might want to turn this upside down this year. If you're doing very well, you'll likely pay higher taxes on income in 2013," Abrams writes.
- 2. Purchase any necessary new equipment in 2012 to get up to a $125,000 deduction.
- 3. Set up a qualified retirement account. If you already have one, increase your contribution.
- 4. Make charitable contributions for a tax deduction.


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Aug. 7, 2008
Opening Ceremonies Eve
Today definitely had the feel that the Games were about to start. A lot of conversations with "Let's get the games started" or like-phrases stating the obvious anticipation to the first serve, jump ball, etc. And with soccer starting as a prelude to the Opening Ceremonies, everyone is anxious for the Games to officially start.
The U.S. Women's team hosted top-ranked Brazil in a scrimmage held at the USA High Performance Training Center at Beijing Normal University. It was a good chance to see competition against someone else and get in match-mode for the players.
The scoreboard was not in favor of Team USA at the end of the training session with Brazil, but I would think it produced the intended results of playing under match-like conditions against an opponent other than red-white-and-blue. USA and Brazil have now played four exhibition scrimmages against each other this year, plus a match in the FIVB World Grand Prix. Both teams know each other pretty well, but I am sure both teams came away with things to work on.
I always enjoy watching the Brazil team play (not more than the USA, though). They always seem to make few mistakes and produce a good volleyball show on the court. And the errors rarely come in bunches so it does not lose valuable momentum.
Right after the training scrimmage was completed, the High Performance Training Center went from a closed practice setting to a "place-to-be" as the U.S. Men's Basketball Team held media availability on the same court that the volleyball team scrimmaged. Both volleyball teams were on one side of the main gym as media and players from the men's basketball team came in.
It was an interesting contrast how the two teams reacted when the NBA players representing Team USA came on the court. Brazil seemed in awe of seeing the men's team, while the U.S. players were focused on the cool down and observed the situation from afar. Maybe it just caught the Brazil team off guard.
"Jenny" Lang Ping, our women's volleyball coach, had arranged to have a picture of her daughter taken with Kobe Bryant. Instead, I told Jenny to hop in the picture as well and I would take the photo.
Afterwards, I heard the former President Bush stopped into the High Performance Training Center and visited some of the teams. I must have just missed him. That also probably explains what appeared to heightened security around the complex. I had the opportunity to meet George W. Bush's father twice while he was on the campaign trail in Iowa. It would have been nice to shake his hand a third time, just to say I have met such an important part of our country's history for that many times.
Tonight the women's indoor team had its first and only training session on the competition court at Capital Indoor Stadium, site of four of the five pool-play matches Team USA will compete in. At the arena, I was able to talk with Paul Sunderland and Kevin Barnett, the NBC on-air announcers for the Olympic indoor volleyball matches, about their needs before and after the match.
The 90-minute training session ended at 8:30 p.m., but as the session neared its conclusion, more and more of the Olympic News Service (ONS) staff started filing into the arena. Once the team broke with "USA", the players took a nice video picture against a Beijing 2008 wall as part of a video presentation USA Volleyball commissioned the FIVB to produce. The ONS staff got in the fun by taking some photos of their own.
After the team video shot, the ONS staff each picked a player – all 12 on the squad – and transcribed quotes to be distributed. All while this was going on, Sunderland and Barnett with NBC needed to do two quick interviews and the FIVB crew doing the video also needed two players for interviews. It was controlled chaos with so many interviews being done in such a short time.
The drive back to the Olympic Village was much shorter with the absence of rush hour traffic, even with about half the private cars off the road due to the rules the government has put in place for the Games. Going back from the Olympic Village to the Main Press Center, I sure wish I had taken a bus instead of the 15-minute walk as the humidity zapped out the little energy I had left. I do not mix well with humidity to begin with, but Beijing's humidity is high even at 9:30 p.m. after the sun goes down.


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Events around Warren County on Monday:
Warren County Historical Society, 210 Fourth Ave., 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
Warren Barbershoppers rehearsal, Grace United Methodist Church, 7:29 p.m.
Girl Scout Office, Curwen Building, 589 Hospital Dr., Suite C, North Warren, confirm staff availability, 723-4990.
Warren Area Student Union, Hickory St., open, 3 to 6 p.m.
Chautauqua Shores Chorus, First Baptist Church, Fifth St., Jamestown, N.Y., 7 p.m.
DivorceCare and DivorceCare4Kids, First United Methodist Church, 200 Market St., Warren, 6 to 8 p.m.
Warren Public Library, Market St., Warren, open, 10 a.m.-8 p.m.
Bridge, Warren County YMCA, 6:30 p.m.
Community lunch, free to the public, The Salvation Army, 311 Beech St., noon.
Scriptural Study, Inter-Faith Chapel, North Warren, 7 to 9 p.m.
S.A.D.D., Students Against Drunk Drivers, Warren Area High School, cafeteria, 7 p.m.
Eisenhower Sports Boosters, EHS, Room 110, 8 p.m.
Warren Library Association Board of Directors, Slater Room, Warren Public Library, 4 p.m.
North Warren VFD Auxiliary, fire hall, 6:30 p.m. (new members welcome).
Warren County Genealogical Society, Berea Lutheran Church Cemetery, corner of 958 and Rt. 6, a few miles west of Pittsfield, 4 p.m. (then on to other locations).
"Toddler Time," 10:30 a.m., Warren Public Library Children's Department. Ages 0-4. Stories, songs, crafts, creative play.
Warren County Summer Music School, instruction in music and the arts for students entering grades five through adults, Monday through Friday at WAEC, 8:30 a.m.-12:15 p.m. (Director Ann Mead, 723-7303, firstname.lastname@example.com
ARTE Jr. Musical Theatre Summer Camp: grades one and two, 10 a.m.-noon; grades three and four, 1-3 p.m. Library Theatre, (register at theater).
Bariatric support group, Conference Room A, Warren General Hospital, 6 p.m.


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You limited your search to:
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Country: Argentina
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Collection: Environmental Policy Collection
Labour and the Environment: A Natural Synergy
Date: 2007
Creator: Smith, John; Albracht, Gerd; Alves Da Silva, Nilvo Luis; Coninck, Sophie de; Fedetow, Igor; French, Hilary et al.
Description: This report presents examples of tools and practices that promote workers' health and safety as well as environmental protection, public health, and corporate responsibility. Issues include climate change, hazardous materials,
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
Policies to Change the World: Energy Sufficiency - Eight Policies towards the Sustainable Use of Energy
Date: 2009
Creator: Rohde, Anja & Bee, Hilmar
Description: This booklet discusses how energy sufficiency is the best solution for reducing energy consumption and waste. It presents policies for reducing global energy consumption such as energy auditing, phasing out incandescent light bulbs, combined heat/cooling energy and power, carbon-negative cooking, smart metering, area road pricing, and other measures.
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
Global Carbon Finance: A quantitative modelling framework to explore scenarios of the Global Deal on Climate Change
Date: April 2009
Creator: Great Britain. Office of Climate Change
Description: According to the abstract, the purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative research methodology for analyzing the costs of dealing with climate change.
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries
Renewables 2010: Global Status Report
Date: 2010
Creator: Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century
Description: This report describes economic trends in building the capacity of renewable energy in several countries.
Contributing Partner: UNT Libraries


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VA loan ceilings may be on rise
June 9, 2008
With thousands of service members and veterans having lost homes or facing foreclosure as the mortgage crisis continues, lawmakers are pushing legislation to raise VA loan ceilings, lower VA funding fees and expand the VA's ability to help veterans refinance loans they can't afford.
The Department of Veterans Affairs, meanwhile, is encouraging military members, veterans and surviving widows with at-risk loans to seek advice from VA loan counselors even if their loans are not VA-guaranteed.
VA loan experts lack authority to restructure or renegotiate loans not backed by VA. But they can advise veterans on their options and on how they might negotiate with mortgage holders to avoid default.
VA's effort to reach mortgage holders in distress now includes a toll free number — 1-877-827-3702 — that automatically directs callers to the nearest of nine VA regional loan centers.


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by Anton Shilov
Intel Corp. will start educating software developers to use its code-named Larrabee graphics processing units (GPU) efficiently and utilize their unique capabilities at Siggraph conference due in early August '09. This is virtually the first time when Intel plans to publicly reveal ways of advanced utilization of Larrabee among more or less wide audience.
During the presentation entitled" Preparing for Larrabee", Intel will discuss Larrabee architecture as well as ways to program the Larrabee graphics processors. Thanks to compatibility with x86 instruction set as well as Larrabee new instructions (LNI), Intel's first graphics processors in more than a decade enables a greater degree of programmability than previous GPUs. However, the opportunity to innovate presents a challenge: how can developers leverage their existing codebase and assets on this platform whilst opening up avenues to exploit the hardware?
During the presentation, the representatives for Intel will present some of the approaches available, along with insights into how developers can get ready to leverage them. Three fundamental approaches are covered: optimizing graphics API usage for the hardware's unique features, sharing data between Direct3D and a Larrabee native application and writing pure Larrabee native applications.
In another presentation called "SIMD Programming with Larrabee" Intel plans to present some of the key features of LNI with particular emphasis on their utility in graphics applications. The material is aimed at developers already familiar, but not necessarily expert, with SIMD programming and C++.
This is practically the first time when Intel intends to go in-depth regarding Larrabee peculiarities in public. Considering the fact that the world's largest chipmaker plans to initiate shipments of Larrabee in the first half of 2010, it is pretty late to start educating developers regarding its unique capabilities. In practice, this will mean that a significant number of game developers will hardly utilize Larrabee's advanced features inline with its actual launch.
Siggraph conference will be held from the 3rd to the 7th August, 2009, whereas the Siggraph exhibition are scheduled for 4 – 6 August, 2009. Both events will be held in Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, Louisiana.


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Buzz Cut Hairstyle With Faux Hawk
This buzz cut hair is added with some twist. Sides are buzzed and edgy spirals were created. The center is longer and it is long down the back. The faux hawk is spiked up. If you're looking for a special buzzed cut look, try considering this one.
Jerry's Coiffure


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Managers Get the Blame for Workers Who Don't Know Roles
NEW YORK ( TheStreet) -- In your career, are you in the loop -- or in the dark?
Surprisingly, many career professionals say they're in latter, dimly lit category. A Florida State University study of 750 blue- and white-collar workers says that 80% of respondents say they don't know fully what they're accountable for at work.
The study says that while every employee is accountable for something, only a handful are certain what that is.
That's not only bad news for employees, who grow frustrated without clear objectives and find it harder to climb the career latter; it hurts companies too, since they lose money from less productivity with all of those "in the dark" staffers.
"It seems the more that communication is needed, the less likely it is provided -- no wonder so many employees feel completely lost at work these days," says Wayne Hochwarter, a business professor at Florida State and lead researcher on the study.
"When employees aren't sure what's expected of them, the results simply just cannot be positive, especially when the complexity of work and the pace of change is taken into consideration," adds Allison Batterton, a research associate at the university who helped on the report.
There is plenty of clarity on whom workers blame for their accountability problems. The FSU report says that most staffers pin the blame on managers who can't or won't be "forthcoming" on communicating workplace responsibilities.
Executives know what they're accountable for, but the study says that knowledge and resulting effort distances them from their workers and keeps them from communicating better with their staffs.
According to Hochwarter and Batterton, only 20% of U.S. workers are "fully certain" of what's expected of them on the job on a day-to-day basis while the rest are either "somewhat" or "completely" in the dark. In addition:
- 60% say they have higher levels of mistrust with leadership as it relates to communication.
- 50% say they experience higher levels of overall work frustration.
- 45% report having less control on the best way to complete their work.
- 40% say they have higher levels of work overload.
- 35% report fewer work accomplishments to the organization.
- 33% say there is a greater likelihood of searching for a new job within the next year.
Altogether, those "in the dark" employees cost U.S. businesses "hundreds of millions of dollars" on an annual basis, Hochwarter and Batterton state.
They advise companies to establish formal lines of communication using technologies such email and texts to guide workers to meeting desired goals. It's also a good to idea to make accountability a priority in employee and manager job evaluations.
"Most employees want to do a good job and contribute to their organization," Hochwarter says. "Perhaps it's overly simplistic, but this can only take place when employees know what's expected. Sadly, many do not, and the situation appears to be getting worse rather than better."


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In Years Past
100 Years Ago
In 1913, the meeting of the town superintendents of highways held at the Mayville Court House, was attended by the superintendents representing every town in the county except two. The meeting was a conference on the problem of building and maintaining dirt roads, the question of improving highways not being a part of the meeting. Louis McKinstry of Fredonia was called on, and after some preliminary remarks about his experience riding with various auto drivers whom he named, made a brief but well-received address along the line of the value of good road work. A. McKeever of Chautauqua then took up the work of "Standard Turnpiking." He explained his methods, using a heavy grader and steam power, doing very early spring work on roads and, where it was necessary, getting rid of sods. He said that to keep a road free of sods it was necessary never to let a sod form. It was shown that of the 1,950 miles of dirt roads in Chautauqua County, 1,300 miles were standard turnpikes with straight ditches, properly crowned and free from sods and stones.
Local fishermen stated that all but 11 of the 900 locals of the General Fishermen's Association along the south shores of Lake Erie, voted in favor of a strike for better working conditions, a continuance of the previous year's share scale and other demands of lesser importance. The housemen, the poorest paid members of the association, were demanding a 10 percent wage increase. The members of Dunkirk local voted on the proposition and were unanimously in favor of striking. The matters at issue were discussed at the recent annual conference of representatives of the fisherman and fish companies of Cleveland. The dealers refused to grant the demands and the conference broke up without an agreement having been reached. Fishing was to start in mid-March but unless the differences were settled, there would be practically none on this side of the lake.
75 Years Ago
In 1938, wintry winds howled across New York state sending temperatures below zero in the wake of snowstorms that blanketed highways and impeded traffic. Accidents were numerous as swirling clouds of snow reduced visibility. Three persons were seriously injured when two automobiles collided in the blinding storm near Batavia. Six inches of snow fell in Jamestown, which reported a zero temperature. In the Rochester area, high winds drifted snow across highways as fast as plows could open them. Three hundred men and 35 trucks worked all night in a temperature of four degrees above zero in an effort to keep the city streets clear.
Jamestown's part in a national drive to sweep the American automobile industry out of the current recession and stimulate the business of the country generally was launched by car dealers at the Hotel Jamestown when plans were mapped to participate in National Used Car Exchange week, March 5-12. Ralph W. Austin, president of the Jamestown Automobile Dealers Association, headed the local group which would carry out Jamestown's program, which, in conjunction with the national movement, was the outgrowth of a recent White House conference between President Franklin D. Roosevelt and leaders of the American auto industry.
50 Years Ago
In 1963, the threat of double sessions in September for students of Southwestern Junior-Senior High School was removed by a decision of the board of education to provide needed additional classrooms in temporary facilities to be leased and erected on the school campus at Hunt and Townline Roads. The board members and school administrators had grappled with the problem of providing for a jump of 150 in student enrollment expected in the fall. Emergency measures by the board were made necessary following the defeat of a $676,000 bond issue for a building expansion program by district voters at a special election held Feb. 16. The same proposition had been rejected on Nov. 16 of the previous year.
Sixteen pupils from the Warren Area High School and Beaty Junior High School had been implicated in a shoplifting spree on various Warren merchants. Borough police said that six boys and 10 girls, aged 12 to 16, had admitted taking various items. James Loding, chief police clerk, and Officer James Tridico conducted the questioning with the cooperation of school officials and with a school representative being present. They said that most items taken included cosmetics, jewelry, transistor radios and clothing. Students admitted taking the stolen articles and dropping them into purses, bags and pockets. Only a small portion of the items were recovered.


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Cramer: Memo to Michael Dell and Carl Icahn
NEW YORK (Real Money) -- Memo to Michael Dell and Carl Icahn: Walk away from Dell
After what I heard yesterday from all of the tech companies I follow, Dell is worth perhaps less than the $9 per share this whole fiasco -- this huge sideshow to the reality of this company and this industry -- started at.
First, if you listen to Intel
Attempts to revive it using the Microsoft Surface have failed already. That's what happens when you take a $900 million charge for a new product before it's even in distribution. That new device, important for the consumer business of Dell will, it sounds like to me, be off the shelves and gone this time next year.
Second, we know from Intel that there are no chips so exciting as to mean anything to most users, individual or the enterprise. Sure Moore's law could be alive, and the chips keep getting smaller and smaller. But unless you work at NASA and want to put a man on the moon, you don't need that power.
Yes, Intel says when it gets the new chips needed to power the ultra-mobile units that come out in the fall, maybe there will be a bump. But it is more likely that Lenovo will come up with some cheap device that will cut Dell's profit margins to shreds.
Basically, Dell is selling color TV sets at this point. That's right, big color TV sets, and not even the sexy flat panels, just the ones that Zenith, Admiral, JVC, and Philips used to make. The ones that they can't give away at Best Buy


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Người tiêu dùng
Các doanh nghiệp
The Director of CPSC Import Surveillance Carol Cave and CBP's Jeremy Baskin used this presentation in a discussion about consumer product imports, import detention and destruction policies.
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Directed by Sofia Coppola
Pride & Prejudice :Trailer
Trailer for the Focus Features film Pride & Prejudice.
Pride & Prejudice: The Locations
The story behind the locations used in the movie.
Pride & Prejudice: About Jane Austen
Jane Austen (1775-1817) was born in Steventon, Hampshire, and lived in the small town in south-central England for the first 25 years of her life.
Pride & Prejudice: The Production
Jane Austen's classic Pride and Prejudice has been a feature film only once before, in 1940, directed by Robert Z. Leonard and starring Laurence Olivier and Greer Garson.
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0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
You're right. 54% does seem quite low. Do you think that is what was causing the problem of the finished pizza being very stiff, doughy and unflexible? Do you think I should try the recipe you used in your bread machine for the ny style, or should we try and adapt the breadmaker's original one? Maybe the fact that they seem to recommend quite a low hydration level was why when I tried the recipe from here it was very watery.
Oh, also, do you think the quite large amount of oil in the recipe has any effect? Would that change what hydration percentage I should use?


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Libertatis wrote:I too favor green oolongs from Taiwan over just about every other tea. Ali Shan, Li Shan, Nantou, Wenshan Baozhong... I love them all!
spacesamurai wrote:Libertatis, you seem to know a lot about high mountain oolongs, do you have any suggestions on storing? High montain oolongs are my favorite, but even though I buy in small amounts (30-50 grams), and store in propper containers, they seem to go "bad" fast. The first cup or two knocks my socks off, but after that, the taste is never the same. I have the same problem with teas from different vendors.


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Get more information about Ball State University by clicking links below:
- Admissions & Requirements
- Tuition & Fees
- Programs Offered
- Course Schedules
- Financial Aid Eligibility
- Student Services
Ball State University is a comprehensive public research university located on a beautiful campus with buildings of Classic architecture in Muncie, Indiana. It offers roughly 180 undergraduate majors and 12 pre-professional programs, and more than 100 programs at the master's and doctoral levels. The Princeton Review has deemed Ball State one of the best colleges in the Midwest, and U.S. News & World Report has ranked it number eight among "up-and-coming" colleges. Top-ranked programs include architecture and landscape architecture, entrepreneurship, telecommunications and education.
Ball State is known for its commitment to immersive learning, with most programs incorporating research, community partnerships, practical experience and projects into the curricula. The immersive learning approach is an integration of content, skills, societal need and student interests. These programs can be completed on campus, off campus, throughout Indiana, or overseas. Practical, real-world experience is emphasized. For example, students in Ball State's entrepreneurship program must pitch a business plan to a panel of experts, who judge its viability. Students in the performance arts at Ball State participate in talent showcases held in New York, Chicago and Los Angeles.
Ball State boasts an excellent faculty of top experts, with professor-level instructors teaching more than ninety percent of all classes. Thanks to Ball State's approach to immersive learning, all faculty members are heavily involved in projects, research and partnerships as part of the teaching curriculum. The research faculty benefit from Ball State's increasing emphasis on technology transfer and commercialization to support faculty in bringing their ideas to market for the benefit of Indiana's economy.
There are a variety of learning opportunities at Ball State, including internships, study abroad programs, a Building Better Communities Fellows Program, and many community charter schools for local children. Ball State has an outdoor classroom and laboratory that provides hands-on learning for its nature programs, including a forest, a prairie, wetlands, greenhouses, and agricultural ground.
In 1899, the community of Muncie, Indiana founded as a private teacher-training college. The college did not thrive, and its land and buildings were later purchased and donated to the city by the Ball brothers - industrialists who aimed to establish a local college that would help to boost Muncie's development. The new school that was established as a result of this gift was called the Indiana State Normal School Eastern Division. It opened in 1918, but was renamed the Ball Teachers College in 1922. It was renamed again in 1929, becoming Ball State Teachers College.
Throughout the 1960s, the curricula expanded and the college attracted top faculty. Enrollment and funding increased. In 1965, the college was renamed Ball State University.
The Ball State University academic calendar follows the semester format, with fall, spring and summer semesters. The summer semester is comprised of two shorter sessions.
Colleges and Schools
Ball State University has seven academic colleges that offer approximately 170 majors, 88 master's degrees, 16 doctoral degrees, and four specialist programs.
- College of Applied Sciencesand Technology
- College of Architecture and Planning
- Miller College of Business
- College of Communication, Information, and Media
- College of Fine Arts
- College of Sciencesand Humanities
- Teachers College
In addition to its colleges, Ball State has many academic centers, institutes, clinics and bureaus, as well as academic research and outreach units.
Student Life
Students at Ball State University are encouraged to become involved in one of the many organizations available on campus in order to develop social and leadership skills and serve the greater community. Involvement in clubs can also provide opportunities for professional networking and can boost a resume. There are clubs and organizations that focus on professions, academics, cultural heritage, religion performing arts, special interests and sports. Additionally, there are many active fraternities and sororities on campus, and university housing organizations that provide opportunities for making the Ball State campus a better place to live.
The Ball State events calendar includes tours of Broadway shows, top division athletics, music headliners, professional dance companies, guest speakers and more.
The traditional school colors for Ball State University are red and white with black as an accent color. The school mascot is a cardinal, who appears as "Charlie Cardinal" at many athletic events to energize and entertain the crowds. The athletic teams are nicknamed the Ball State "Cardinals."
Fight Song
Fight team fight for Ball State
We must win this game
Onward now you Cardinals
Bring glory to your name
Fight! Fight! Fight!
Here's to both our colors
Cardinal and White
Praying for a victory
So fight, fight, fight!
The Ball State "Cardinals" athletic teams participate in many intercollegiate sports, including:
Men's Sports:
- Baseball
- Basketball
- Football
- Golf
- Swimming and Diving
- Tennis
- Volleyball
Women's Sports:
- Basketball
- Cross Country
- Field Hockey
- Golf
- Gymnastics
- Soccer
- Softball
- Swimming and Diving
- Tennis
- Track and Field
- Volleyball
Satellite Campuses
Ball State University has only one primary campus, but offers many International Programs and distance or online education that lead to a degree, certificate or continuing education credits.
Community Life
Ball State University conducts many projects and a significant amount of research to help drive innovation in the State of Indiana. The Building Better Communities initiative provides an opportunity for students and faculty to partner with local leaders on development projects.
Admission Requirements & Details
The admissions information below may give you an idea of the students Ball State University accepts. The details may include application requirements and recommendations, as well as any college credits that may be transferred.
College Credits Accepted
- Dual Credits
- AP Course Credits
Student Enrollment
The total student enrollment at Ball State University is about 21,000. The enrollment breakdown by academic level is 21% enrolling as graduate students and 79% as undergraduate students.
Estimated Costs & Financial Aid
The average "out of pocket" cost of attendance, after any grants and scholarships are considered, is around $12,200. In order to calculate a more accurate and detailed cost of attendance check out their cost calculator here. There is also a $55 application fee for those applying to a program. The figures listed below are for informational purposes only and do not represent current or future tuition, fees, and expenses.
Tuition & Fees Information
- Tuition estimates per year:
- State Residents: $8,700-$10,000
- Out-of-State: $24,000-$28,740
- Charges per unit:
- In-State: $330-$390 per unit
- Out-of-State: $990-$1,200 per unit
- The average estimated cost for on campus housing and meals is listed to be around $11
Financial Aid Details
The table listed below helps break down the types of financial aid students receive and the percent receiving aid, as well as the average amount of aid per student per year.
|Percent of Students
|Average Amount
|Any Financial Aid
|Receiving Grants & Scholarships
|Receiving Student Loans
Academics & Student Services
Student ServicesTo help students and alumni, Ball State University may offer services to students like:
- Distance learning
- Night and weekend classes available
- Counseling assistance
- Employing students to lower education costs
- Assistance to find work
- Child care
Graduation Rates
The overall graduation rate of Ball State University is around 59%.
|Number of Year to Graduate
|Percent of Entering Class
|Students Graduating in 4 Years
|Graduating in 5 Years
|Graduating in 6 Years
Specialized Programs & Accreditations
- Art and Design Program
- Counseling Psychology (Ph.D.) Program
- Dance Program (more info)
- Dietetics Program (more info)
- Dietetic Technician Program
- English Language Program (more info)
- Music Program (more info)
- Bachelor's Degree in Nursing (BSN) Program (more info)
- Nursing (MSN, DSN) Program (more info)
- Master's Degree in Nursing (MSN) Program (more info)
- Radiology Technician Program (more info)
- School Psychology (Ph.D.) Program (more info)
- Elementary and Secondary School Teacher Education Program (more info)
- Theatre Program
Intercollegiate Athletics
Ball State University is a Member of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), with many of the sports being in the NCAA Division I-A classification. The most popular sports played are listed below:
- Baseball (Mid-American Conference)
- Basketball (Mid-American Conference)
- Track and Field (Mid-American Conference)
- Field Hockey
- Football (Mid-American Conference)
- Golf
- Gymnastics
- Soccer
- Softball
- Swimming and Diving
- Tennis
- Volleyball
Programs Offered
The program list below is organized by areas of study. The programs that have a link will direct you to the program's profile page where you can learn more about education requirements and career pathways.
Get more information about the programs offered by Ball State University by clicking the request information to the right.
(C) Certificate or Award | (A) Associate's | (B) Bachelor's | (M) Master's Degree | (D) Doctorate (PhD,...)
- Architecture (B, M)
- Urban Planning (B, M)
- Landscape Architecture (B, M)
- Architectural and Building Sciences (C)
- Environmental Design, Architecture (B)
Biological and Biomedical Sciences
- Biology (B, M)
- Physiology (M)
- Biotechnology (C)
Business and Marketing Studies
- Commerce (B, C, M)
- Accounting (B, M)
- Advertising and Marketing (B)
- Finance (B)
- Information Systems (B, C)
- Business Economics (B)
- Sales (B, C)
- Risk Management and Insurance (B, M)
- Human Resources (B)
- Administrative Assistant (A)
- Business Administration (B)
- Operations Management (B)
- Real Estate (C)
- Purchasing, Procurement, Acquisitions and Contracts Management
- Entrepreneurial Studies
- Telecommunications Management
- Business, Management, Marketing and Related Support Services
Communication Technology
- Communications Technologies and Support Services
Communications and Journalism
- Journalism (B, M)
- Radio and Television (B, M)
- Communications (B, C, M)
- Digital Communication and Media (C)
- Public Relations
Computer and Information Sciences
- Information Science Studies (M)
- Computer (B, M)
- Web Design (C)
- Education, Teaching of Individuals with Autism (C, M)
- Elementary Education (B, D, M)
- Educational Leadership and Administration (C, D, M)
- Physical Education (B, M)
- Special Education (C, D, M)
- Education, Teaching of Individuals with Multiple Disabilities (B)
- Curriculum and Instruction (M)
- College Student Counseling and Personnel Services (M)
- English and Language Arts Teacher Education (B)
- Secondary Education (M)
- Adult and Continuing Education (D, M)
- Reading Teacher Education (C)
- Technology Teacher Education Teacher Education (B, M)
- Early Childhood Education (B)
- Science Teacher Education (B, M)
- Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Research (C)
- Health Teacher Education (B)
- Business Teacher Education (B, M)
- Drama and Dance Teacher Education (B)
- Spanish Language Teacher Education (B)
- Elementary Special Education Programs (B)
- Educational, Instructional and Curriculum Supervision (D)
- Education (C)
- Adult and Continuing Education Administration (M)
- Elementary and Middle School Administration (C)
- Middle School Education (C)
- Education, Teaching of the Gifted and Talented
- Special Education and Teaching
- Kindergarten and Preschool Education
- Biology Teacher Education
- Teaching English As Second Language Instructor
- Engineering (B)
Engineering Technology
- Industrial Technology (B)
- Engineering Technologies (B)
- Robotics Technology
English Language and Literature
- English (B, D, M)
- Rhetoric and Composition
Ethnic Cultural and Gender Studies
- Womens Studies (B)
Family and Consumer Sciences
- Family and Consumer Sciences (B, M)
- Human Development, Family Studies (B)
- Foods, Nutrition
- Housing and Human Environments
Foreign Languages and Literature
- Japanese Language and Literature (B)
- Spanish Language and Literature (B)
- German Language and Literature (B)
- French Language and Literature (B)
- Classical Languages, Literatures and Linguistics (B)
- Linguistics
Health and Clinical Professions
- Nursing (B, M)
- Audiology and Speech Pathology (B, D)
- Community Health and Preventive Medicine (B)
- Speech and Language Pathology (M)
- Dietetics (B, M)
- Radiology Technician (A)
- Pre-Medicine, Pre-Medical Studies (B)
- Respiratory Therapy (B)
- Health and Medical Administrative Services (M)
- Pre-Dentistry Studies (B)
- Nursing Administration (D)
- Allied Health Diagnostic, Intervention and Treatment Professions (A)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (B)
- Family Practice Nurse (C)
- Public Health Education and Promotion (C)
- Nuclear Medical Technology
- Pre-Physical Therapy Studies
- Adult Health Nursing
- Nursing Education
- Health Professions and Related Clinical Sciences
- History (B, M)
Interdisciplinary Studies
- Historic Preservation and Conservation (M)
- Biological and Physical Sciences (D)
- Gerontology (C)
- Interdisciplinary Studies
Legal Professions and Studies
- Legal Professions and Studies (B)
- Pre-Law Studies (A)
- Paralegal
Liberal Arts and Sciences
- General Studies (B)
- Liberal Arts (A, B)
Library Science
- Library Science, Librarianship
Mathematics and Statistics
- Math (B, C, M)
- Statistics (M)
Natural Resources and Conservation
Philosophy and Religious Studies
- Philosophy (B)
- Religious Studies (B)
Physical Sciences
- Psychology (B)
- Clinical Psychology (M)
- Educational Psychology (C, D, M)
- Counseling Psychology (C, D, M)
- Social Psychology (M)
- Developmental And Child Psychology (C)
- School Psychology
Public Administration and Social Services
- Social Work (B)
- Public Administration and Social Service (M)
- Public Administration (M)
Recreation and Fitness Studies
Science Technology
- Biology Technician, Biotechnology Laboratory Technician (D)
Security and Protective Services
- Criminal Justice (A, B, C)
Social Sciences
- Geography (B, M)
- Sociology (B, M)
- Anthropology (B, M)
- Political Science (B, M)
- Social Sciences (B, M)
- Economics (B)
- Applied Economics (C)
Visual and Performing Arts
Other 4-Year Public Colleges
The list of schools below have been selected by researching which schools offer similar programs to Ball State University.
- Indiana University - East in Richmond, IN (36 miles away)
- Indiana University - Kokomo in Kokomo, IN (42 miles away)
- Indiana University - Purdue University - Indianapolis in Indianapolis, IN (50 miles away)
- Wright State University - Lake Campus in Celina, OH (55 miles away)
- Miami University - Oxford in Oxford, OH (59 miles away)
Also, you can compare schools by looking through our list of colleges & universities:
- Compare schools and see a list of all colleges in Indiana
- Find out what other state universities are located in Indiana


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Doctors testify at wrongful death trial
NEW ULM – Three doctors working in other states testified Tuesday in a trial involving a wrongful death lawsuit against Allina Health System and New Ulm Medical Center (NUMC) in Brown County District Court.
A complaint filed Sept. 30, 2010 in Brown County seeks more than $50,000 for the next-of-kin plus $10,000 for funeral and burial expenses of 45-year-old Iowa trucker Verlyn Buls who collapsed and could not be resuscitated Oct. 25, 2006 in the NUMC emergency department.
Buls was admitted to the NUMC ER in the morning of Oct, 25, 2006 with urticaria of unknown origin (aka hives, a skin rash notable for pale red, raised, itchy bumps), hypotension (86/54, abnormally low blood pressure), with a history of being on anti-hypertensives (drugs used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and tachycardia (heart rate exceeding 100 beats per minute), according to court documents.
On the evening of Oct, 25, 2006, Buls was re-admitted to the NUMC ER, where he collapsed and could not be resuscitated. An autopsy determined the cause of death was cardiac dysrhythmia (irregular heat beat) with underlying coronary artery disease, according to the complaint.
During Tuesday proceedings, Minneapolis attorney Lindsay G. Arthur, representing Allina and NUMC, said Dale W. Bohlke, M.D., followed standards of care, measuring Buls' heat beat and checking other vital signs. However, Buls didn't inform NUMC medical personnel about the chest pains that his wife Karen testified he told her about in the final weeks of his life.
Earlier Tuesday, Leslie Zun, M.D., Chief of Emergency Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, Chicago, testified on behalf of the plaintiffs and said Bohlke did not follow standards of care with Buls.
"Bohlke testified he listened to Buls' heart and timed it against a wall clock and listened to his lungs," Arthur said. "Do you care to retract your testimony that Dr. Bohlke not following standards of care?"?he asked Zun.
"My opinion was based on facts I had at the time," Zun said.
Waterloo, Iowa attorney James H. Cook, representing Karen Buls, trustee for the heirs and next-of-kin of Verlyn Buls, said Buls was taking two drugs for high blood pressure, so his low blood pressure symptoms were a red flag that something was wrong.
Zun said an electrocardiogram (EKG) should have been ordered after Buls' heat rate of 128 was discovered, but it never was.
Jeffrey A. Breall, M.D. cardiologist at the University of Indiana at Indianapolis, said an EKG, which could have been done in several minutes, would have more shed light on Buls' condition.
"A heart rate above 120 is critically high. Dr. Bohlke couldn't discover Buls' irregular heat beat with a stethoscope," Breall said. "Buls had poor control of his blood pressure and other life-threatening values. If you have insufficient blood flow to the heart, you arrest and die."
Breall said 25 percent of Buls' heart muscle was replaced by scar tissue, but people can cope with the condition if they are properly treated.
Arthur said Buls never told NUMC doctors and nurses he had earlier chest pains and had recently vomited.
"Mrs. Buls testified her husband told her he had chest pains for quite some time. She told him to go to a doctor earlier and he refused," Arthur said.
Daniel Spitz, M.D., a forensic pathologist licensed in Florida and Michigan, said Buls' autopsy showed plaque in his coronary artery reduced the amount of blood to his heart by about 75 percent.
"This was not a sudden attack," Spitz said. "It was precipitated by poor blood flow to the heart."
Testimony from Dennis Gremel, M.D., a Mankato clinical pathologist who performed Buls' autopsy a day after his death, was presented via videootape. Gremel said Buls had an enlarged heart and liver, weakened heart muscle and lung congestion.
"He weighed 400 to 450 pounds, more than 100 pounds overweight, which is referred to a "morbid obesity," Gremel said. "He had moderate to extreme heart fibrosis. He was at risk for sudden death with 70 to 80 percent blood vessel blockage."
Toby Freier, NUMC president, talked with The Journal outside the court room after Tuesday's testimony.
"The medical center is saddened by the loss experienced by the Bulses. We're confident the evidence presented shows our caregivers give appropriate care," Freier said.
The trial continues at 8:30 a.m. today.
(Fritz Busch can be e-mailed at email@example.com).


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Effect of electroacupuncture in postanesthetic shivering during regional anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23181618
BACKGROUND: Shivering during regional anesthesia is a common complication and is related to a decrease in the patient's core body temperature. Previous studies have shown that acupuncture on specific acupoints can preserve core body temperature. The present study evaluated the effect of electroacupuncture in preventing the shivering caused by regional anesthesia.
This prospective and randomized controlled study analyzed the data from 80 patients undergoing urological surgery, who were classified as ASA I or II. Spinal anesthesia was performed in all patients using 15 mg of bupivacaine. The patients were randomly allocated to receive either placebo acupuncture (Group P, n = 40) or electroacupuncture (Group A, n = 40) for 30 min before administration of spinal anesthesia. Shivering score was recorded at 5 min intervals, with 0 representing no shivering and 4 representing the most severe shivering possible. Heart rate, blood pressure, and tympanic temperature were recorded before the intrathecal injection, and again every 5 min thereafter until 30 min.
After spinal anesthesia, the decrease in tympanic temperature was less for Group A patients than Group P, with the difference being statistically significant. After 15 min, 13 patients in Group P attained a shivering score of 3 or more, compared with 3 patients in Group A. Significantly more patients in Group P attained a shivering score of at least 1.


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Continuing our strong commitment to being "A Chicago Tradition," Garrett Popcorn was proud to be at the Robbie Gould Celebrity Golf Invitational over the weekend.
Organized by Chicago Bears kicker Robbie Gould and his Goulden Touch charity, the Celebrity Gold Invitational raises money to help those in need. Over the years, the Goulden Touch has partnered with organizations in a variety of interests, including education, health and medical research.
It is certainly no secret that Garrett Popcorn are huge fans of Chicago sports, so to work with one of the Bears' prominent stars in his mission to raise money for terrific causes is a humbling honor. We were thrilled to provide the gift of Handcrafted Happiness to all who participated in the Invitational.
If you would like to donate to the Robbie Gould Celebrity Golf Invitational and the Goulden Touch, please visit their website.
And if you're disappointed to have missed out on the Handcrafted Happiness at the Invitational, you can always order a Tin from our website.


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More of the story
To the editor:
Because of the controversy generated by the rail-vs.-trail debate and its continued interest fueled by Enterprise Guest Commentaries and letters to the editor, there has been a backlog of opinion pieces awaiting publication in the Enterprise that would certainly clarify reader concern after Adirondack Recreational Trail Advocates officials continue to post mistruths and gross distortions on assorted sidebars to the main issue.
Obviously writer Richard Maid fell into the misled public category when his commentary of Feb. 20 shared his bafflement over "recent revelations about the Adirondack Scenic Railroad." I am sure Mr. Maid would never have written his piece had he read the rebuttal entitled "… the rest of the story," which clearly shows these charges were purposely taken out of context, and referenced problems from three years ago that were long since corrected and lauded by the outside accounting firm.
Among the items misconstrued is reference to "taxpayer subsidies" received by ASR, when in fact all ASR received is direct reimbursement for corridor maintenance performed by the tenant (ASR) for the landlord (New York State Department of Transportation), standard in most all leases. The $1.5 million "subsidy" is a direct pass-through from the federal government through NYSDOT and ASR to the Pennsylvania contractor which completed a five-year project from Carter Station to Big Moose, for which ASR did not get one penny.
Further distortions are claims of low ridership, despite 23,000 north-end riders in 2012, and on track for even higher volume in 2013, until a radical anti-train zealot, no doubt inspired by ARTA's rhetoric, sabotaged an ASR locomotive, causing a loss of 11 local operating days this last season.
In addition, Mr. Maid incorrectly states that a unit management plan corridor review is 13 years overdue and wonders why someone isn't held accountable, when in fact it is Mr. Maid who should be held accountable for getting his facts straight. The original 1996 UMP allowed that the corridor use MAY be revisited every five years, as opposed to MUST be revisited. Why would the DOT revisit this UMP when there are still numerous other ones awaiting an initial review for a DOT operating short-handed because of budget constraints? What is overdue for 18 years is the long-term lease for ASR, as was recommended in the 1996 plan, along with a state-sponsored network of connecting trails to major points of interest along the span. Instead, they have had to operate under a 30-day revocable lease all these years, which of course stifles any outside private investors waiting in the wings.
What is baffling to me is why a group of well-meaning community activists seeking something better for their local environment would form a responsible organization (ARTA), create a well-oiled marketing plan, and then abandon all those principles and suddenly resort to these distortions when they found out their plan of trails closely coincides with that of both the original UMP and the plan of the Adirondack Scenic Railroad, which seeks to share this treasure trove of natural beauty with all?
Wayne W. Tucker
Board member and Executive Committee member
Adirondack Scenic Railroad
Rainbow Lake