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Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
versão On-line ISSN 2411-9717
versão impressa ISSN 0038-223X
J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall. vol.112 no.2 Johannesburg Jan. 2012
A risk evaluation model for support design in Bushveld Complex underground mines: part II-model validation and case studies
W.C. JoughinI; A. JagerII; E. NezombaIII; L. RwodziIII
ISRK Consulting
IIIndependent Consultant
IIIUniversity of the Witwatersrand
A risk evaluation model has been developed that enables the quantification of expected injuries and economic losses resulting from rockfalls associated with a support system in a given geotechnical environment, which is described in Part I (Joughin et al., 2011b). Part II presents the validation of the risk evaluation model. Underground mapping of joints and rockfalls was carried out to provide data for field calibration of the model. This survey was limited to small rockfalls,due to the relatively short period of mapping. Therefore the model was also correlated with rockfall and rockfall injury data collected by mine personnel. The analyses showed that the model provides a reasonable estimate of the expected frequency and size of rockfalls and the frequency of rockfall injuries, but further work is required to enhance the model. Three case studies are presented, which show the benefits of improved support systems from both economic and safety perspectives. This work has demonstrated that the risk evaluation model and the software developed are immediately useful, but further work is required to develop and improve the tools.
Keywords: risk evaluation, risk based design, probabilistic design, statistical keyblock analysis, support design, joint mapping.
The risk evaluation model is described in Part I (Joughin et al. 2011b), which is included in this issue. This paper describes the validation and testing of the risk evaluation model followed by case studies.
Validation of the risk evaluation model
This section describes an exercise to correlate simulated rockfall data with underground rockfall data. The exercise has been split into two: firstly to correlate the rockfall size distribution, and secondly to check that the number of large rockfalls and rockfall injuries generated through this process are representative of the actual numbers recorded on the operation. Due to the relatively short duration of the underground rockfall mapping, the mapped rockfalls are all relatively small. This was the only data available for reliably correlating the rockfall size distribution. The mine's rockfall database and rockfall injury data were used for the second part of the analysis. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out to investigate the influence of various input parameters on the results.
Field calibration of simulated rockfalls
The objective of this investigation was to determine whether the JBlock (Esterhuizen, 2003) software reliably simulates the actual frequency and size distributions of rockfalls that occur underground.
Underground mapping data
Underground mapping was carried out at UG2 and Merensky panels at Mine A, a platinum mine in the Bushveld Complex, over a period of 5 weeks (Table I). The shaft was selected due to the structural complexity, which would ensure a blocky environment. When specific panels were selected, it was apparent that the structural complexity affected the Merensky Reef hangingwall and not the UG2 hangingwall. The underground mapping exercise and data are described in more detail in Joughin et al. (2011a).
One of the UG2 stope panels is shown in Figure 1. The UG2 stopes are supported with mine poles, and the Merensky stopes are supported with mine poles and hydrabolts, due to the blocky nature of the reef.
Geotechnical Line mapping was carried out in the dip and strike directions as indicated by the red lines in Figure 1. The following information was collected:
Distance along line (to determine joint spacing)
Joint trace length (most joints extended beyond the stope excavation)
Joint dip and dip direction (measured using a Breithaupt compass)
Joint friction angle (using the method described by Barton, 2002).
Parting planes were determined from geological borehole data. The mapping results are presented in Table II and Table III.
The rockfalls were mapped on the face during each shift, on a daily basis (Monday to Friday), in the area indicated by the pale blue shading in Figure 1. The mapping team started by marking all the rockfalls that had occurred after the blast on the previous shift during the early morning examination. The boundaries of the rockfall moulds in the hangingwall were painted. The following characteristics of each rockfall were captured:
When and how the rockfall occurred, i.e. with the blast or by barring,
Distance of the rockfall from the gully
Distance of rockfall from the face
Whether any support units had failed as a result
Rockfall shape, to assist in a more accurate volume approximation
The average dimensions of the rockfall. The following convention was adopted in recording this data:
- Rockfall length was taken to coincide with the dimension almost parallel or parallel to face
- Rockfall width was taken in a direction perpendicular to face
- Rockfall height was taken as an average of maximum and minimum height for each rockfall,
Release surfaces that caused the rockfall to slide out, was taken i.e. whether a joint or blast fracture. Note of any off-line drilling in the hangingwall
Characterisitcs of all the rockfall release surfaces, i.e. orientation, joint roughness condition, and joint alteration
Any subsequent increase in the size of the rockfall.
The statistics of rockfalls recorded underground and their respective times of failure are listed in Table IV.
Some rockfalls, however, displayed fractures forming some of the release surfaces of the rockfall wedge. It could not be established with confidence whether these fractures were formed as a result of blast or stress effects on the rock. However, fractures formed keyblock release surfaces, particularly for the Merensky Reef where there was a significant number of low-angle blast fractures recorded.
Unfortunately, despite the effort, the time dedicated for recording rockfalls underground and the small dataset of rockfalls has been deemed to be inadequate to do a conclusive rockfall correlation exercise. A much larger data set specific to each ground control district from several mines around the Bushveld Complex is required to better understand rockfalls.
JBlock simulation and correlation
The objective of this investigation was to determine whether JBlock reliably simulates the actual rockfall frequency and size distributions that occur underground. A JBlock analysis was done to simulate a set of rockfalls for comparison with mapped rockfall data. The joint set data from underground mapping presented in Table II was used to statistically simulate keyblocks in JBlock for both the UG2 and Merensky reefs. The correlation of Merensky mapped data with JBlock simulated data is presented in Figure 2.
The curve for the mapped rockfall data for the Merensky Reef has a good correlation at low clamping stresses for rockfalls between 0.003 m3 and 0.03 m3, but for larger rockfalls, the curve crosses several clamping stress curves as the size increases. This trend indicates that JBlock needs to be modified to allow increasing clamping stresses for increasing rockfall size or in fact rockfall height.
The mapped rockfall data set includes very small rockfalls, but is limited to maximum rockfall size of 0.46 m3. It is clear that applying some low value of clamping stress to this range of block sizes greatly improves the correlation between mapped and simulated results. However, it is quite apparent that the JBlock program needs to be modified further to improve the correlation. The actual clamping stress in the hangingwall increases with increasing height above the stope, and the results show that a low clamping stress is appropriate for small rockfalls, while a higher clamping stress is appropriate for larger rockfalls. A longer and more extensive rockfall data collection exercise will be required to collate the full range of rockfall sizes.
Correlation of risk evaluation with mine rockfall and injury data
A validation of the risk evaluation model, which included the RiskEval program, was undertaken in order to measure its performance against observations at the mines. The objective of this exercise is to determine whether the simulated results correlate with the actual number of rockfall injuries and large rockfalls recorded at the mines.
Mine rockfall and injury data
A large database of rockfalls has been accumulated at Mine A. Strata control observers at the mine record rockfalls that occur in their respective working areas on a monthly cycle. In addition to this, rockfalls are recorded, by exception, when an injury or a major rockfall incident occurs. In these records there are over 17 000 recorded rockfalls since 1969, but more comprehensive records have been maintained since 2000. However, most of the records were measured from brows and only the height was recorded. There are approximately 1 200 complete and detailed records of rockfalls. In addition to the dimensions, each record includes information regarding the location, reef, and whether the fall occurred in stoping or development. There is other information, but this is not always consistently recorded. In analysing these rockfalls, only the rockfalls that fell in the stopes have been considered, since stope rockfalls are the focus of this research.
The number of large (>15 m2) rockfalls was determined from the database to be 0.013 per 1000 m2. The area of these rockfalls is approximately 0.42% of the area mined. It should be noted that while the data has been diligently collected and the database is very large, it clearly does not contain all the rockfalls that have occurred. It is expected that the larger rockfalls will be more consistently recorded and a clear bias toward large rockfalls was evident in the database. However, it was not possible to establish a level of confidence in the numbers of rockfalls of any size recorded in the database.
An analysis of rockfall-related injuries at a number of shafts over an 8-year period is presented in Table V. The proportions of the different injury categories have been calculated both including and excluding the non-lost time injuries. For the purposes of calculating the cost of injuries, the non-lost time injuries have been excluded, as these have no significant financial impact.
Considering only the lost-time injuries, reportable injuries, and fatalities it was established that injuries and or fatalities occurred at an average of 8.7 times per 100 000 m2 mined.
JBlock simulation and correlation
Rock blocks for this case study have been generated in JBlock using the UG2 and Merensky reef geometry and joint properties determined during the project (Joughin et al. 2011a). Rockfalls were simulated using these block sets and the UG2 and Merensky support standards. The expected frequency of injuries as a result of these rockfalls was simulated using RiskEval (Joughin et al. 2011b). The clamping stress was varied from 0 kPa to 20 kPa. The results are presented in Table VI and Table VII. Note that dilution is reported as the average thickness of dilution (dilution volume /simulated area).
The number and percentage area of large rockfalls determined from the mine A rockfall database was 0.013 rockfalls per 1000 m2, which is in the same order as the 10 kPa clamping stress analysis for the UG2. The Merensky 10 kPa analysis shows a much higher frequency of large rockfalls. However, the injuries reported in Table VII are in the same range as the historical injuries reported in Table V. The rockfall injury data is considered more reliable than the large rockfall data.
For the purposes of this project, it was therefore decided to use a clamping stress of 10 kPa based on the Merensky Reef injury results for the case studies. However, this again highlights the requirement to use an increasing clamping stress with increasing height above the stope to improve the correlation for the full range of rockfalls.
Sensitivity analysis
A sensitivity analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of certain critical parameters on the results of the simulation. The sensitivities considered here are changes in clamping stress, profit margin, support quality, flexibility in mining, and barring efficiency. Both JBlock and RiskEval were used for this analysis (Joughin et al. 2011b). All the sensitivities were done on the Merensky Reef at Mine A using the standard stope support system. Information on the parameters is detailed in the research report (Joughin et al. 2011a).
Clamping stress
Data from Table VII was used for this analysis. The effect of clamping stress on the expected losses and expected frequency of injuries is shown in Table VIII. This shows that it is important to use a realistic clamping stress to ensure that the results do not bias the comparisons of different support systems.
Profit margins
The effect of changing the profit margin on the results is shown here. A profit margin is the profit realized after processing one ton of ore. The base case used was the support standard for the Merensky Reef at mine A. The profit margin used in the base case is based on that calculated for the mine. The profit margin has been varied to 20% higher and lower than the determined value. The results of this sensitivity are listed in Table IX.
It can be deduced that a higher profit margin results in higher losses, and a lower profit margin in lower losses. This shows that on operations where the profit margin is high, it makes sense to use more effective support from an economic perspective. It also illustrates the importance of an accurate calculation of the profit margin per ton.
Quality of support installation
The consequences of deviation from standard support spacing has been analysed. The base case is the mine standard with no deviation or error in the support spacing. Then the support spacing is varied on both dip and strike, while keeping the mean spacing to standard. The mean support spacing is then increased by the same amount as the error. Finally, an unsupported stope is also investigated to illustrate the reduction in rockfalls offered by support. The effect on the frequency of rockfalls and associated costs experienced with each of these variations in the support system installation are listed in Table X and Table XI respectively. Note that dilution is reported as the average thickness of dilution (dilution volume/simulated area).
It is interesting to note that increasing the variability while maintaining the average support spacing results in slightly more injuries and losses. As expected, increasing the support spacing does have a significant effect on the expected losses and injuries. If no support was installed, many more rockfalls would occur and the expected losses would be far greater than the cost of support. However, the current model for determining injuries is not appropriate for unsupported stopes (Joughin et al. 2011b). The exposure reduction for falls that occur after the blast and rocks that are barred is applied to rockfalls in-between support and not to the larger rockfalls that fail support. Therefore this reduction is applied to all the rockfalls in the unsupported case, including the larger rockfalls, and results in a significant underestimation of the expected injuries. This does not affect the expected losses, with the exception of the cost of injuries, which would be much greater.
The effect of increasing flexibility or increasing the available face length is investigated here. Mining flexibility is the availability of a spare stope to which labour can be redirected in the event that there is a large rockfall and the stope panel needs to be re-established. This is possible in the case where there are dedicated stope re-establishment crews. Table XII lists the expected losses associated with varying mining flexibility. It can be concluded that there is a reduction of production-related losses as flexibility increases. This analysis makes a very strong case for creating flexibility and employing these rehabilitation crews. However, the additional cost of creating this flexibility and maintaining these crews should be determined for a comprehensive risk evaluation. This has not been done as part of this project.
Effectiveness of barring
Barring of loose rocks in the stope hangingwall is an important part in making an underground working area safe. The effect of improving barring on the number of injuries and associated costs is investigated here. The base case of 90% effective barring is based on underground mapping results detailed in the research report (Joughin et al. 2011a). The injuries and costs for different levels of barring effectiveness are listed in Table XIII. It can be observed that as the effectiveness of barring reduces, so the expectedinjuries and costs increase. The more than 40% increase in injuries when barring is only 50% effective highlights the importance of carrying out the making-safe procedures properly.
Risk evaluation case studies
The three risk evaluation case studies described in this sectionwere selected to demonstrate the benefit of using the risk evaluation approach to quantify and compare the cost and safety impacts of the different stope hangingwall support scenarios. The case studies are based on mine A, UG2 and Merensky reefs, and a Merensky ground control district at mine B, another platinum mine in the Bushveld Complex.
The joint data for each ground control district, support systems, and financial data are detailed in the research report (Joughin et al. 2011a). All of this data was obtained from the operations. Specific mining costs were difficult to obtain since the information is not grouped appropriately for this exercise. The assumptions described in Joughin et al.1 were used. A clamping stress of 10 kPa was used for each case study.
Case Study 1 (UG2 Reef at mine A)
This case study is based on data collected on the UG2 Reef from mine A. The base case for the scenarios considered here is the support system that is currently being used for the UG2 at this mine. The system comprises mine poles only in the stope and 1.2 m Hydrabolts in the gully. A number of support scenarios that are improvements to the current support system were considered to compare the risk associated with rockfalls in each of the scenarios.
The JBlock rockfall results for case study 1 are presented in Table XIV. Note that dilution is reported as the average thickness of dilution or increase in stoping width (dilution volume/simulated area). The large rockfalls are those that are large enough to require re-establishment of the panel. The frequency of large rockfalls in the UG2 is significantly lower than that determined for the Merensky.
This risk evaluation is described in Joughin et al. 2011b and is based on rockfall size and location and the zone in which it falls. The summary for the risk evaluation results of this case study are presented in Table XV.
The introduction of 1.2 m Hydrabolts halves the number of injuries, and this reduces substantially with each improvement in the support system. The same trend can be seen for all of the losses. The dilution is the largest contributor to the losses, followed by production losses. However the total loss for the mine pole support system is low relative to the cost of the other support systems and therefore the mine pole support system has the lowest total expected cost. This is due to the relatively low frequency of rockfalls, particularly large rockfalls. In this case the motivation for improving support would be based on safety only.
Case Study 2 (Merensky Reef at Mine A)
This case study has been based on the mapping exercise done on the Merensky Reef at mine A (Joughin et al. 2011).
The base case for the scenarios considered here is the support system that is currently used at this mine, which comprises a combination of mine poles and 1.2 m long Hydrabolts in the stope and 1.2 m Hydrabolts in the gully. A number of support scenarios, which represent improvements of the current support system, were considered to compare the risk associated with rockfalls in each of the scenarios.
The JBlock rockfall results for case study 2 are presented in Table XVI. Note that dilution is reported as the average thickness of dilution (dilution volume/simulated area).
Note that there are many more rockfalls per area mined than that determined for the UG2 (Table XVI). The original mine support used in this case study represents the base case, and the remaining support systems are potential improvements. Increasing the Hydrabolt length reduces the overall rockfall percentage area and dilution significantly, but the frequency and percentage of large rockfalls remain essentially the same (given the stochastic simulation process). This indicates that the Hydrabolt support system does not have a high enough support resistance to prevent the larger rockfalls. Their main purpose is to reduce the frequency of injuries. Introducing stronger and longer cable anchors results in a reduction in both the overall and large rockfall frequency. The safety nets show a significant reduction in the percentage area of all rockfalls, but the improvement for large rockfalls is not significant, since the nets are not designed for this purpose. The reduction in dilution will not be realized, since the nets will be removed.
The summary of risk evaluation results for this case study is presented in Table XVII. The expected losses for the nets are not included in this table, since in reality the nets will be removed and the damage consequences will remain. Nets can reduce only the expected frequency of injuries.
The results show that each improvement in the support system results in a reduction in the expected frequency of rockfalls. Safety nets are also shown to reduce the risk of injuries, in this case by 15%.
In this case study, the expected losses due to rockfalls are significant and offset the cost of the improved support, so the improved support could be justified on both a safety and an economic basis. The losses due to production are the greatest due to the relatively high frequency of large rockfalls. However, it must be noted that the frequency of large rockfalls could not be calibrated with confidence and these losses could be overestimated. The losses due to injuries and dilution are also significant. Sweepings losses and the cost of re-supporting are relatively insignificant. The support cost of nets is relatively insignificant, since they are re-used. However, it is likely that the nets will need to be replaced when significant rockfalls occur, and the evaluation of these losses is not currently modelled appropriately.
Case Study 3 (stope cable anchors at Mine B)
Mine B is a platinum mine in the Bushveld Complex. The Merensky Reef at this mine is extremely blocky, and as such the case study has been focused entirely on the Merensky Reef. The detailed mapping and support systems are described in more detail in Joughin et al. 2011a.
The mine changed its stope support system from the 120 kN, 1.5 m cable anchors used previously in combination with mine poles to a new 250 kN, 3 m cable anchor support with no mine poles. The mine wanted to better understand the performance of their current 250 kN, 3 m cable anchor support system in comparison to the old support system, and also investigate possible improvements.
A summary of the JBlock results in the face area for case study 3 is presented in Table XVIII.
The results show a significant reduction in the frequency of large rockfalls and the percentage area of rockfalls with the introduction of the new 3 m cable anchor support system. Also, as the cable anchor length is increased, the frequency of large rockfalls and percentage area of rockfalls further decreases. The RiskEval results for each scenario are directly related to the frequency of rockfalls and are presented in Table XIX.
The results show the improvement obtained when changing over from the 1.5 m 120 kN cables with elongates to the 3 m 250 kN cable anchors. Injuries were reduced, as well as production delays. They also show that the longer the cables, the lower the total cost, due to the reduction in expected losses owing to rockfalls.
It must be noted that the cost of drilling has not been included in the analyses. However, the labour complement was the same for both the old and the new support systems, and therefore these can be compared directly. The cost of drilling should be considered when comparing different lengths of cable anchors. These costs were not readily available on the mine.
The model was tested by collecting joint characteristics and mapping rockfalls on two different reefs (UG2 and Merensky) in a structurally complex mine. The method of data collection is described in detail (Joughin et al. 2011a), which will be useful for anyone attempting this type of analysis. The following conclusions can be drawn from these analyses:
It is important to apply a clamping stress in JBlock to improve the agreement between rockfalls recorded in JBlock and the actual rockfalls mapped underground. A low clamping stress of 1 kPa to 2 kPa provides the best correlation for the very small rockfalls mapped underground. However, the results highlight the need to develop a method in JBlock to enable an increasing clamping stress with height above the stope to improve the calibration for the full range of rockfalls
A much longer period of comprehensive rockfall mapping would be required to provide a more complete distribution of rockfalls underground and for different geotechnical conditions and mining methods
Many of the smaller rockfalls had release surfaces comprising fractures, either blast- or stress-induced. This phenomenon requires further investigation
Additional rockfall data was obtained from a very large rockfall database compiled by mine personnel. This was used together with the mine's rockfall injury data to determine whether the results are realistic. However, it was not possible to correlate both the large rockfalls per square metre and the rockfall injuries per square metre using a constant clamping stress in JBlock. A clamping stress of 10 kPa provided a reasonable correlation with the frequency of rockfall injuries and was used for the case studies
Sensitivity analyses were conducted to show the effect of various input parameters:
- clamping stress
- profit margins
- quality of support installation
- flexibility (spare stopes)
- effectiveness of barring.
A series of case studies was carried out that demonstrates the benefits of using the risk evaluation model. Several different support systems were evaluated and compared in each of three different geotechnical environments. The model clearly shows the expected frequency of injuries and economic losses for each support system, which enables a fair comparison of each support system.
This work also provided an indication of the amount of work required to perform such analyses. The initial part of the analyses involves the collection of joint data through underground mapping, collecting financial data, and investigating the methods of rehabilitating rockfalls used by the mine. This will involve a considerable amount of work, as costing for specific tasks is not always readily available. However, once this has been done, the individual support system analyses are very quick and easy.
Recommendations for furher research
This project has demonstrated that the risk evaluation model and the software developed is immediately useful, but further work is required to develop and improve the tools. The following research and development is recommended:
Comprehensive rockfall databases need to be compiled, for different ground control districts to determine the percentage of fallout with blasting, efficacy of barring, and the proportion of large rockfalls and their consequences. This will enable a more rigorous calibration of the risk model
The rockfall model needs to be improved to enable increasing clamping stress with height above the stope to be applied
Models need to be developed for other rockfall modes of failure:
- Rockbursts and seismically induced rockfalls
- Pillar failure
- Unravelling
- Stress damage
- Time dependant deterioration
The model needs to be adapted to cover a wider range of mining methods and to development ends
A more robust method of determining the cost of specific mining tasks, as opposed to the traditional way of allocating costs on the mine, needs to be developed
The reduction in risk due to monitoring needs to be researched further. This forms an important link with the results of the Track A project, and collaboration between the two projects is required
The software requires ongoing development to ensure that it meets the needs of the rock mechanics practitioners who will use
The influence blast and stress fracturing on the occurrence of rockfalls needs to be fully investigated. If this is found to be significant, these features need to be incorporated in JBlock
The results of this research provide a method for rock support design that should be implemented in the South African mining industry. Its implementation will have significant implications regarding both safety and the profitability of mining.
The Mine Health and Safety Council is thanked for providing the funding for this research.
Data was obtained from several operations: Impala Platinum, Lonmin, AngloGold Ashanti (Mponeng), Gold Fields (South Deep), and Anglo Platinum (Dishaba), and the management of these operations are thanked for their cooperation. Several members of the rock engineering team at Impala also assisted by coordinating underground visits and providing on-the-job training for the MSc students who participated in this work.
In addition to the listed authors, the following people were part of the project team and have made significant contributions to this work: G.S. (Essie) Esterhuizen, Steve Donovan, Roger Stewart, Felix Joel, Chris Nyoni, Jonas Machake, Dave Roberts, Anthony Selikow, and Olaf Goldbach.
BARTON, N. Some new Q-value correlations to assist in site characterisation and tunnel design. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, vol. 39, 2002. pp. 185-216 [ Links ]
ESTERHUIZEN, G.S. JBlock User's Manual. 2003. [ Links ]
JOUGHIN, W.C., NEZOMBA, E., RWODZI, L., and JAGER, A.J. A Risk Based Approach to Enhancing Support Design in Bushveld underground Mines. Final project report SIM060201 Track B. MHSC. 2011a. [ Links ]
JOUGHIN, W.C., NEZOMBA, E., RWODZI, L., and JAGER, A.J. A risk evaluation model for support design in Bushveld Complex underground mines: Part I- Description of the model. Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, vol. 112, no. 2, 2011b. pp. 83-94 [ Links ]
This paper was first presented at the, MineSafe Conference, 15-18 August 2011, Emperors Palace, Hotel Casino Convention Resort, Johannesburg.
© The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2012. SA ISSN 0038-223X/3.00 + 0.00.


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Debates of June 7th, 2010
House of Commons Hansard #57 of the 40th Parliament, 3rd Session. (The original version is on Parliament's site.) The word of the day was colombia.
- Question Period
- Controlled Drugs and Substances Act
- Canada-Colombia Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act
- Aboriginal Affairs
- Human Rights
- Doris St-Pierre
- My Sisters' Place
- Breast Cancer Awareness
- Jean-Pierre Brabant
- Canadian Forces
- Government Subsidies
- Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada
- Len Macdonald
- Firearms Registry
- Health Care
- Ministerial Responsibility
- Maternal and Child Health
- G8 and G20 Summits
- Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada
- G8 and G20 Summits
- International Co-operation
- Banks
- G8 and G20 Summits
- Shell Canada
- Foreign Affairs
- Offshore Drilling
- The Environment
- Gulf of Mexico
- National Defence
- Securities
- International Aid
- Health
- Firearms Registry
- Health
- Committees of the House
- Shell Canada
- National Defence
- Ethics
- Presence in Gallery
- Canada National Marine Conservation Areas Act
- Government Response to Petitions
- Creating Canada's New National Museum of Immigration at Pier 21 Act
- Canada National Marine Conservation Areas
- Committees of the House
- Employment Insurance Act
- Canada Pension Plan
- Petitions
- Questions on the Order Paper
- Questions Passed as Orders for Returns
- Eliminating Pardons for Serious Crimes Act
- Points of Order
- Eliminating Pardons for Serious Crimes Act
- Points of Order
- Eliminating Pardons for Serious Crimes Act
- Canada-Colombia Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act
- Eliminating Pardons for Serious Crimes Act
- Jobs and Economic Growth Act
Motions in Amendment
Canada-Colombia Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act
Government Orders
1:55 p.m.
Christiane Gagnon Québec, QC
Mr. Speaker, it is true that this agreement does not meet certain conditions, especially when it comes to the environment. The government could not care less about the environment, as it proved in Copenhagen, where it wilfully ignored numerous environmental issues.
The fact that there is a side agreement that deals directly with human rights indicates that the Conservative government is not committed to dealing with this issue as part of free trade. And it shows in this bill.
Aboriginal Affairs
Statements By Members
1:55 p.m.
Rod Bruinooge Winnipeg South, MB
Mr. Speaker, on June 11, 2008, Prime Minister Stephen Harper extended an apology to the victims of the residential school era. He asked for forgiveness--
Aboriginal Affairs
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
The Deputy Speaker Andrew Scheer
Order. I would remind the hon. member not to use the names of members but to use their riding or title.
Aboriginal Affairs
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Rod Bruinooge Winnipeg South, MB
This weekend is the two-year anniversary of that apology. To mark this historic event, the National Coalition of First Nations, Inuit and Métis will gather to issue a public response.
Aboriginal leaders have planned the national forgiveness summit, which will take place in Ottawa from June 11-13, for a number of years now. The summit will encourage victims of the residential school system to embrace forgiveness and begin a road of healing.
To prepare for the summit, a journey of freedom will take place in aboriginal communities, churches and resource centres throughout the country. Participants will present a charter of forgiveness to the Government of Canada and to the churches of Canada.
I look forward to this monumental event this weekend and believe it will be meaningful for many aboriginal people across this country. Every MP is welcome to attend.
Human Rights
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Borys Wrzesnewskyj Etobicoke Centre, ON
Mr. Speaker, yesterday, worldwide, Polonia celebrated the beatification of Father Jerzy Popieluszko, the Catholic priest who in the 1980s ministered to Solidarity workers at the Huta Warszawa steelworks.
An unassuming pastor, Father Popieluszko did not shirk his responsibility to minister his flock when Polish workers began to organize the Solidarnosc union.
In sermons he defended national and human rights. For this he suffered detentions and interrogations. Finally, in 1984, after leading mass he was kidnapped by Communist secret police and 11 days later his tortured, bound and gagged body was dredged from a reservoir.
Today, along with Polonia, we bow our heads in Solidarnosc, remembering Father Popieluszko and the long list of martyred Catholic clergy: Polish Cardinal Wyszynski, Ukrainian Cardinal Slipyj, Hungarian Cardinal Mindszenty, Croatian Cardinal Stepinac, Czech Cardinal Beran, and Slovak Bishop Gojdic, who suffered torture and even death at the hands of the evil ideology of communism.
Doris St-Pierre
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Yvon Lévesque Abitibi—Baie-James—Nunavik—Eeyou, QC
Mr. Speaker, I was happy to learn that the Quebec government presented an Hommage bénévolat-Québec award to Mr. Doris St-Pierre on April 21. He has sat on the Val-d'Or Native Friendship Centre's board of directors for 20 years as its non-native representative. He is working to bring Val-d'Or's communities closer together. For Édith Cloutier, executive director of the centre, "Doris is an adopted brother to the Friendship Centre, a man whose commitment goes greatly beyond his active presence at board meetings."
He has played a leading role in a number of important projects, such as the construction of a new building for the Val-d'Or Native Friendship Centre and the creation of an aboriginal early childhood centre for 80 children. Mr. St-Pierre is also a strong advocate for environmental causes, including, to name a couple, Action boréale Abitibi-Témiscamingue and Organisme de bassin versant Abitibi-Jamésie, which he helped found in January 2010.
On behalf of the Bloc Québécois, we thank you and congratulate, Doris.
My Sisters' Place
Statements By Members
June 7th, 2010 / 2 p.m.
Irene Mathyssen London—Fanshawe, ON
Mr. Speaker, on June 4, the service providers, clients, board of trustees and the community celebrated the grand opening of the new location of My Sisters' Place in London, Ontario.
My Sisters' Place is a transitional support centre that provides a safe day space, basic needs, assistance, programming and access to community partners for women who are homeless or at risk of homelessness, and individuals who live with the effects of poverty, addiction and mental illness.
The new home for our sisters, purchased and refurbished by the family of Noreen and David Bird, allows fragile and vulnerable women to support each other and build friendships. The sisterhood that is integral to the program's success has quite literally saved lives.
This is a home of love and devotion that enriches the lives of the women involved, and it enriches our entire community.
Tragically and shamefully, the federal funding for My Sisters' Place and all programs of the homelessness strategy ends in March 2011. The government needs to fulfill its obligations to those in such profound need.
Breast Cancer Awareness
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Dean Del Mastro Peterborough, ON
Mr. Speaker, this past weekend 96 teams took to Peterborough's Little Lake, paddling to raise close to $160,000 in the fight against breast cancer.
My wife Kelly and I were proud members of the blisteringly quick Morello's Independent Grocer "Yigomanic" team that carved its way to a first place finish. Big thanks to team captain Angela Pammet and store owners Dave and Kim Morello for all their efforts and support.
The 2010 event marked the 10th anniversary of the dragon boat festival in Peterborough inspired by Meredith Cosborn and driven by the entire Peterborough survivors abreast team. Their contributions to the Peterborough Regional Health Centre over the past decade are saving lives each and every day.
This coming weekend, Peterborough and the entire electric city region are gearing up to host the 2010 international dragon boat festival following up on previous festivals that have been held in Vancouver and Australia.
The objective of the international festival is to promote breast cancer awareness internationally and to encourage participation from breast cancer survivors.
Survivors Abreast Peterborough is tickled pink to be hosting this year's event and we welcome the world to the electric city for this great cause.
Jean-Pierre Brabant
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Lise Zarac LaSalle—Émard, QC
Mr. Speaker, it is with great pride that I commend the extraordinary courage and bravery shown by a police officer from my riding, LaSalle—Émard.
While on patrol on May 10, 2010, officer Jean-Pierre Brabant of LaSalle's police station 13 dove into the icy waters of the Lachine Canal to save the life of a suspect who jumped into the canal to try to escape during a police chase. The suspect quickly became hypothermic and lost his strength, and was therefore unable to grab the buoy that was thrown to him. Seeing a human being in distress and acting on instinct alone, officer Brabant dove into the water to save the life of someone he had been pursuing just moments earlier.
Jean-Pierre Brabant's bravery and courage exemplify his heroic spirit and his profound desire to serve his community, even at great risk to his own life. On behalf of the people of LaSalle—Émard, I would like to say thank you and offer my most sincere congratulations on this act of bravery. The LaSalle police can be proud to call a hero like Jean-Pierre Brabant one of their own.
Canadian Forces
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Larry Miller Bruce—Grey—Owen Sound, ON
Mr. Speaker, on May 28 I attended the combat golf tournament at the Meaford Golf and Country Club. The tournament this year raised a phenomenal $11,000 for the military family resource centre.
I enjoyed golfing with Deputy Commanding Officer Major Ross Donald, Master Warrant Officer Ian Boyd and Linda Van Aalst. The day started off with a literal blast from a Howitzer for the shotgun start. Military personnel were located at each hole along the course to allow the golfers to learn more about the military.
This past Saturday, I attended Veterans Commemoration Day at the Billy Bishop Museum in Owen Sound and met many local veterans. The Billy Bishop Museum and its staff are great supporters of our veterans. The military family resource centre in Meaford also supports the families of our military while they are deployed around the world.
I want to publicly acknowledge both organizations and the military itself for the great work they provide their community and this country. Thanks and a job well done.
Government Subsidies
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Robert Bouchard Chicoutimi—Le Fjord, QC
Mr. Speaker, after the government refused to fund the Festival international des rythmes du monde through the marquee tourism events program, claiming that the festival did not meet the eligibility criteria, now we learn that the festival is joining the big leagues as one of a select group of major international events in Quebec.
The reasons for the industry minister's refusal are especially hard to understand considering the scope of the event.
Two months before this important occasion for Saguenay—Lac-Saint-Jean, it is not too late to acknowledge this mistake and reassess the application. The Conservative government has not even spent all the money it allocated to the program, leaving millions of dollars on the table, to the detriment of festival-goers.
By acting in this way, the government made an ideological choice to cut funding not only for the festival, but for hundreds of up-and-coming artists, craftspeople and creators who care about culture.
Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Daniel Petit Charlesbourg—Haute-Saint-Charles, QC
Mr. Speaker, yesterday, the Leader of the Liberal Party admitted that he would form a coalition government if the opportunity presented itself after the next election.
This reminds us of a statement made not so long ago when the Liberals were trying to form a coalition with the Bloc Québécois and the NDP. The Leader of the Liberal Party said, "I am prepared to form a Coalition government, and to lead that government".
The Liberal strategy is the same as the last time: run an election campaign telling Quebeckers and Canadians that there will be no coalition. Then, after the election, get together with the NDP and the Bloc Québécois to overturn the results.
The Liberals' plan is still unacceptable to Canadians. It is unacceptable to democracy to ignore the results of an election and to install a party and a leader that were rejected by the voters.
Len Macdonald
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Marlene Jennings Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Lachine, QC
Mr. Speaker, today I would like to pay tribute and to honour the life of Mr. Len Macdonald, a constituent from my riding of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Lachine and a strong advocate for the English-speaking minority communities of Quebec for many years.
Len Macdonald passed away on April 28, 2010, following a heroic battle with cancer. Throughout his life, Len was active in supporting many English-speaking organizations, such as Alliance Quebec.
On behalf of Quebeckers and especially the English-speaking minority community of Quebec, I would like to express my deep sadness for the loss of such an influential and passionate person.
I would also like to extend my most heartfelt condolences to his wife, Kathleen Tansey, and to all his family and friends. Len's passion and dedication to protect fundamental rights will surely be missed by many.
Firearms Registry
Statements By Members
2:10 p.m.
Ben Lobb Huron—Bruce, ON
Mr. Speaker, last week at the public safety committee, the NDP alongside the Liberals and Bloc Québécois ganged up and passed a motion to try to derail Bill C-391 and keep the long gun registry as is.
The passing of this motion by the opposition parties is further evidence that they are more interested in playing partisan political games with the long gun registry than doing the right thing and speaking on behalf of their hard-working, law-abiding constituents.
On this side of the House, we are committed to ending the wasteful and ineffective long gun registry. We call upon those opposition MPs who voted for Bill C-391 at second reading to vote on behalf of their constituents at home, not on behalf of their weak-kneed, iffy political bosses in Ottawa.
Canadians will not be tricked by these political games. They know that when it comes to the long gun registry, MPs can either vote to keep it or vote to scrap it. It is that simple.
Health Care
Statements By Members
2:10 p.m.
Linda Duncan Edmonton Strathcona, AB
Mr. Speaker, Friends of Medicare is celebrating its 30th anniversary this year.
For the past three decades, the members of this organization have been central in the struggle to protect public health care in the province of Alberta. They successfully combated extra billing by doctors in the eighties and for the past twenty years have fought against numerous attempts to increase privatization of the health care system.
In April 2000, tens of thousands of Albertans attended rallies held in Edmonton and Calgary to protest the infamous Bill 11, which would have introduced private hospitals in Alberta.
Canadians from all provinces have reasons to be grateful to this grassroots organization. By stopping the scourge of private health care from gaining a foothold in Alberta, they helped to prevent its spread across the country.
I congratulate members of Friends of Medicare for the dedication and passion they bring to the defence of our public health care system that Canadians value so highly.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Sunriver Resort's 2014 Valentine's Gift Guide: Top 5 Unforgettable Gifts for that Special Someone
Sunriver Resort in Central Oregon share their top 5 picks for Valentine's Day gifts this season. From decadent chocolate spa treatments to romantic tours through dark caves - Sunriver offers so many options to make this Valentine's Day unforgettable!
1. Chocolate is the traditional go-to gift on Valentine's Day, and for good reason. But if you want a bigger kick this year, put a twist on it with a coffee spa day at Sage Springs Spa. Coffee is a unique and excellent way to energize the body and soul and a hot new trend in body care. There are four decadent coffee flavored options including a Bodycoffee Massage and Mint Scalp Treatment, Warm Oil Massage and Coffee Scrub, Facial and Invigorating Scalp Treatment and a Pure Bliss Pedicure that features exfoliating coffee granules! Click here for pricing and to book.
2. If you're still leaning toward a chocolate themed gift, then look no further than registration for two in the Run for Chocolate! Taking place February 15th at Sunriver Resort it's a perfect excuse to get away and do something special together. This 5k run and walk is perfect for running beginners and dedicated athletes alike. It's also a great way to manifest success in that special someone's new year's resolution. And to make it even more festive, the run is followed by a free showcase of chocolate in the Sunriver Lodge featuring samples and beer, wine and cocktail pairing all with a chocolate theme. Click here for race information and to register.
3. Out next gift is great to pair with your Run for Chocolate registration or to serve all on it's own! All of February is the annual Month of Chocolate at Sunriver Resort, now in its fourth year. Give the gift of travel with the For Love and Chocolate lodging package. This scrumptious package for two includes lodging, a chocolate gift and a chocolate dinner for two at the esteemed Meadows Restaurant. With rates starting at just $219 it's a win-win gift. Click here for availability and to book.
4. If you and your Valentine crave adventure then embark on a cave tour for two through Sunriver Resort and Wanderlust Tours! This geological expedition through dark caves is an excellent time to bundle up closer with your loved one. A qualified guide will help you both discover the hidden underground world of the large Central Oregon caverns originally formed by lava flow when our volcanoes starting heating things up! Click here for more information from Wanderlust Tours.
5. The Central Oregon landscape is unparalleled in outdoor opportunities! If you and your Valentine are outdoor enthusiasts then head outdoors to create unforgettable memories together this Valentine's Day. One of our favorite and most accessible ideas is a day of snowshoe rentals for two. You can spend a romantic day exploring peaks, valleys and lakes all around Sunriver and Bend – bonus points when you pack a romantic picnic lunch and bottle of local wine. For information on local snowshoe vendors call our concierge at 541-593-1000.
No comments yet!


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iHerb Customer Reviews
Savings of: $3.19 (29% off)
You can use less
Posted by 5335139750592094988 on May 12, 2015
You will use less of this sugar if you are used to using the more finely granulated and more refined white sugar so be prepared to adjust recipes so they don't turn out too sweet. Wholesome Sweeteners quality is wonderful. I have been buying their sugars for many years now. You can get this kind of sugar for a better value, but if Fair Trade Certified means something to you, this is great.
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I love this brand and use it for everything I bake. Highly recommended!


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Physical Description
Because Cetacea are so highly specialized for their aquatic lifestyle, they bear little resemblance to their artiodactyla ancestors. They have nearly hairless, fusiform bodies. They lack hind limbs except for tiny internal pelvic vestiges, and the forelimbs are modified into streamlined flippers. The tail bears a flattened fluke. In addition, cetacean skulls are highly modified so that the nares are located on the top of the head. On the other hand, most artiodactyla are specialized for cursorial locomotion, with long, hoofed limbs, and they lack the extreme aquatic specializations found in cetacea. Most cetartiodactyls are relatively large animals, but there is an enormous range of body sizes in this group. Blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus, are the largest animals on earth, growing over 27 meters in length and weighing over 190,000 kg, whereas the smallest artiodactyla, the lesser mouse deer (Tragulus javanicus), is just 45 cm long and weighs 2 kg. Many species of cetartiodactyls exhibit sexual dimorphism, with males larger than females or vice versa. Also, male artiodactyla often bear antlers or large horns, and some male cetartiodactyls (narwhals (Monodon monoceros), tragulidae, and suidae) bear large tusks. (Nowak, 1999; Rice, 1984; Simpson, 1984)
Other Physical Features: Endothermic; Homoiothermic; Bilateral symmetry


text:
The importance of gender equality is clear: Nations that invest in women's employment, health, and education are more likely to have greater economic growth and their children are healthier and better educated. Empowering women as political and social leaders produce more representative and better performing governments and institutions. And a growing body of evidence shows that women offer unique contributions to making and keeping peace. The State Department's embassies and bureaus are already promoting gender equality and advancing the status of women and girls across the a broad range of bilateral, regional, and multilateral diplomatic activity.
That's why the recent release of first-ever Secretarial policy guidance on gender is so important -- and must be further ingrained into all the work U.S. diplomats are doing at the State Department -- from policy development, strategic planning and budgeting to policy and program implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and management and training. Click here for a fact sheet with more information on the Secretarial policy guidance on gender.
It's no secret that Secretary Clinton believes that women must be at the core of America's foreign policy. She has integrated the rights of women and girls not only into all of her diplomatic efforts, but also into the very fabric of the State Department itself through the unveiling of the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review in December 2010. On March 13, 2012, we took an historic step forward in cementing the Secretary's vision into action through the release of this policy guidance on gender. This guidance instructs our embassies and bureaus to implement specific steps to ensure that our diplomacy and development work supports our national security and foreign policy objectives by promoting gender equality and advancing the status of women and girls.
This does not mean simply ensuring a balanced approach to our diplomatic efforts or development assistance or launching one-off programs that affect women and girls. Rather, it requires a focus on reducing gaps between women and men in resources, opportunities, and outcomes in the full range of our programs and diplomatic engagement -- including with host governments, civil society, and the private sector.
We tasked embassies and bureaus with three critical issues to tackle immediately:
- Political participation. To foster democratic outcomes and representative government, bureaus, and embassies should use diplomacy to promote women's equal ability to participate in politics and civic life -- including local and national government processes, civil society, and international and multilateral forums.
- Economic growth. No country that disadvantages half its population can live up to its economic potential. Embassies and bureaus should seek to expand opportunities for women as a critical tool for fostering economic growth and development.
- Peace and security. To foster conflict prevention, management, and resolution, and to promote relief and recovery in post-conflict situations, embassies, and bureaus should draw on the full contributions of both women and men in every aspect of peacemaking, peacekeeping, and peace building.
Secretary Clinton declared her personal commitment to gender equality at her confirmation hearing in January 2009. I share deeply in this commitment as do many, many others in the United States and across the globe. But this is not just a matter of personal importance, it's of strategic importance. Simply put, advancing the status of women and girls is critical to the success of our foreign policy priorities of stability, prosperity, and peace.
Visit state.gov/s/gwi/ for more information on the Office of Global Women's Issues at the U.S. Department of State.
Joseph in the United Kingdom writes:
Indeed, women are greater defenders of peace, and this has its reasonable explanation- since the woman is called to bring life, she will never engage herself in alwaful deeds that are threatening other people's lives.
Navid M. in Afghanistan writes:
It is a great for me as an Afghan man to see finally the era of outrage is over for the mothers and sisters of my country and their courage for fighting for their rights are being recognized. Thanks to Secretary Clinton and her team for supporting our women. She must count on Afghan male young leaders in keeping up with this.
N. Danial in Malaysia writes:
Women and men must respect each other, work together and live together in harmony. From a woman born a leader, born a man. But without a man the world will become lonely. Both need each other.In Malaysia a woman is treated equality. what matters is that their capabilities, qualification and commitment.Support women blog.


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To source and maintain the best equipment appropriate to forests multifarious needs. To one day live in the future.
- by 'source' we intend to find or recyle where possible. But consideration must be given to the urgency of the requirement and available resources.
- by 'maintain' we mean fix all things, provided it is not too time consuming.
- by 'the future' we mean, to transend from the 1990's and to actually live in the 2000's, and to really have flying cars and appartments in the clouds.


text:
WD Red™: The new colour of NAS.
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I recently hosted Kyrgyz Republic Foreign Minister Ruslan Kazakbayev, who led a delegation of Kyrgyz government officials to Washington, June 9-10, for the inaugural session of Annual Bilateral Consultations (ABC).
The meeting gave me an opportunity to reflect on the close relationship that we have established with the new Kyrgyz government. Given the many activities we have initiated and sponsored in Kyrgyzstan over the past year, the ABC provided a valuable mechanism to review these programs and conceive new ones. The participants discussed all aspects of the U.S.-Kyrgyzstan relationship, including support for Kyrgyzstan's parliamentary democracy, judicial and legal reform, human rights, regional stability and security, education and cultural exchanges, and economic development and trade.
Members of both delegations commemorated the victims of the tragic events of June 2010 in the south of the Kyrgyz Republic with a moment of silence.
In addition to the government meetings, I also co-hosted with Foreign Minister Kazakbayev a dialogue with representatives from non-governmental organizations. The Kyrgyz also held a round table discussion with U.S. and Canadian businesses interested in trade and investment opportunities in Kyrgyzstan, which I hope will produce more private sector linkages between our two countries.
The establishment of Annual Bilateral Consultations between Kyrgyzstan and the United States is an important step forward in strengthening the relationship between the two nations.
Josh in Maine writes:
Assistant Secretary Blake doing the right things to positively promote U.S. interests in the area. Hopefully these actions can lead to a reduced cost of using the bases in that country. I do not know if he bargained for that or not. Maybe we will find out in the future.


text:
Topic: Rails Rumble
Who's participating and what are your plans?
This is an archive from Rails Forum. Check out the new community here!
A forum for Ruby on Rails users
Pages 1
Who's participating and what are your plans?
I'm participating with Danger and Kelli. It'll be a blast! Can't tell you want we're building though, it's a secret.
I'm entered but I think I'm going to be busy doing something else that weekend. Which is a shame.
I've entered as a solo project (self.Team!). I am going to be building a game.
Pages 1
Hosting provided by aTech Media


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This Linux-based "swarming micro air vehicle" project is a fairly simple, yet impressive build. The robotics project uses a fleet of micro-light flying robots to made out of polypropylene sheets. Weighing just 420g and with a wingspan of 80cms, they are propelled by an electric motor that runs on small LiPo batteries (max battery life is 30 minutes). The aerial robots fly on autopilot which controls altitude, airspeed and turn rate. A microcontroller in the autopilot chooses the most economical flight strategy taking feedback from three sensors: a gyroscope and two pressure sensors.
Although the UAVs are typicalls on autopilot, they can be monitored and controlled from an interface on a laptop. The beauty of the swarm is in the way each plane communicates wirelessly with the others to maintain the objective of the swarm.
Popular UAV Projects:
September 29th, 2010
amazing work.
September 30th, 2010
How is this a howto or diy ? unless I'm missing something it's the typical edu-does-corporate deal with absolutely no information other than vague stuff and theoretical papers designed to attract corporate interest. It looks like they've simply bought Swinglets from senseFly – a mere $9k apiece to you my son, and written some code for them.
October 1st, 2010
It's not a step by step how-to, but the image above shows which technologies are used if you wanted to build your own.
October 20th, 2010
Its not diy hoby stuff, its a full on, government funded research project done by a professional academic institution (the opposite of DIY.) Maybe the point is to inspire regular joes like us to do a similar project? If so there really isn't enough info here to do that, and as mentioned in another comment, all of the equipment they used was store bought.
October 20th, 2010
Yes, it was posted for inspirational purposes.
March 12th, 2011
http://www.diydrones.com for more info


text:
New Website, New URL
Welcome to our brand new website. We also have a new URL, so we encourage you to update any of your AGNES bookmarks:
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text:
Antigua Men's San Diego Chargers Pique Xtra-Lite Blue Polo
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text:
Double Fudge Cake with Chocolate Buttercream Frosting
- 2 1/2 cups all-purpose flour
- 1 1/2 cups good cocoa powder
- 2 1/4 teaspoons baking soda
- 1/2 teaspoon salt
- 1/2 pound (2 sticks) unsalted butter, at room temperature
- 1 cup granulated sugar
- 1 cup light brown sugar, packed
- 3 extra-large eggs, at room temperature
- 3 teaspoons pure vanilla extract
- 1 1/2 cups buttermilk, at room temperature
- 3/4 cup sour cream, at room temperature
- 3 tablespoons brewed coffee
- For the frosting:
- 24 ounces semisweet chocolate chips
- 1 1/2 cups heavy cream
- 2 tablespoons light corn syrup
- 1/2 teaspoon pure vanilla extract
- 4 tablespoons (1/2 stick) unsalted butter, at room temperature
- M&M's candy for decorating
Preheat the oven to 350 degrees. Butter and flour a 12 by 18 by 1 1/2-inch sheet pan and set aside.
In a medium bowl, sift together the flour, cocoa, baking soda, and salt.
In the bowl of an electric mixer fitted with a paddle attachment, cream the butter and sugars on high speed until light, approximately 5 minutes. Add the eggs, one at a time, and the vanilla and mix well. Combine the buttermilk, sour cream, and coffee. On low speed, add the flour mixture and the buttermilk mixture alternately in thirds, beginning with the buttermilk mixture and ending with the flour mixture. Mix the batter only until blended.
Pour the batter into the prepared pan and smooth the top with a spatula. Bake in the center of the oven for 25 to 30 minutes, or until a toothpick comes out clean. Cool to room temperature before frosting.
Place the chocolate chips and heavy cream in a bowl set over a pot of simmering water, stirring occasionally, until the chips are completely melted. Off the heat, add the corn syrup and vanilla and allow the chocolate mixture to cool to room temperature. In the bowl of an electric mixer fitted with the whisk attachment, whisk the chocolate mixture and softened butter on medium speed for a few minutes, until it's thickened.
Spread the frosting evenly on the cake. Have the children decorate the cake with M&M's.
2009, Ina Garten, All Rights Reserved


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The distance between these two cities is around 0Kms, and can be reached in approximately .Bus travel is a popular travel option between these two cities, and many buses ply between Ganganagar and Chandigarh. SVR Tours And Travels is a major operator along this route. The first bus starts from and you can catch buses till . Minimum fare for bus travel along this route is Rs.0, and the maximum fare is close to Rs.0.
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Yes, you bake it in that aluminum foil pan.I have not had deep dish pizza in Chicago, but my favorite deep dish Pizzeria in the Seattle area is called Delfino's Chicago Style Pizza. Here is there website below. They make a very good pizza.http://www.delfinospizzeria.com/TomN
I usually don't comment on these types of misinformed menu statements made by wanna be joints. But these guys sure got things twisted around(descriptions of what a Chicago DD is) so much it just makes me wonder where the hell they come from...fortunately, I do know where they are headed.
I was just gonna say, look at their "thin crust" cut into triangles! you'd get laughed right out of Chicago (and wisconsin, and minnesota, and the dakotas) with a pizza like that! (no offence to you OP, just poking fun at the "chicago" pizza)
Where can I see pics at CDN? Thanks.The menu says "you can have it cut into squares for an authentic chicago experience"


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Article Header
ANAHEIM, Calif. (June 7, 2007)
- The U.S. Men's National Team garnered the Pool B lead and some stellar individual performances during its first two weekends of 2007 FIVB World League competition. Now it's time to see if they can take their successful show on the road.
The team is in Lyon to play two matches on Friday and Saturday (June 8-9) against France at the Palais des Gerland. Both matches start at 11 a.m. Pacific, 2 p.m. Eastern, and can be followed on the FIVB web site at
. Click on "Live Scorebox." Matches played in other countries will not be broadcast on television in the United States.
U.S. Men's Head Coach Hugh McCutcheon expects to see an improved French squad from the one his team faced on May 26-27 in Portland, Ore.
"I expect them to be better," McCutcheon said. "I would expect them to be improved. I know that we're playing better after two weekends."
U.S. Team Captain Riley Salmon expects an intense match.
"There is no love lost between our two teams," he said. "It's going to be a good match, hopefully."
The United States and France split their matches, with France winning the first one 3-2 (13-25, 25-19, 25-17, 24-26, 15-13), and Team USA taking the second 3-1 (25-22, 25-22, 22-25, 25-20).
Since that weekend, the U.S. Men won their next two matches against Japan on June 1-2 in Green Bay, Wis. (3-1 and 3-1), while visiting France split its matches with Italy. Italy won the first match 3-1 (25-20, 25-20, 22-25, 15-25, 17-15) while France took the second 3-0 (25-20, 25-23, 28-26).
McCutcheon, who has said he is using the World League matches to evaluate his players and rotations, while also making sure the team has the tools it needs to win, has made two major changes to his 12-man roster since Green Bay. Tom Hoff (Park Ridge, Ill.), the 2006 team captain who missed the first two weekend of 2007 World League competition following the birth of his third daughter in mid-May, returns at middle blocker replacing David Lee (Alpine, Calif.).
Clay Stanley (Honolulu, Hawai'i), who missed the first two weekends due to a late return from his Russian club team, returns at opposite, replacing Gabe Gardner (San Clemente, Calif.).
France has made one change to its roster from the first weekend. Team captain Stephane Antiga, who can play outside hitter or opposite, had to undergo a "medical check-up" since returning from Portland, the FIVB reported. He has been replaced by Xavier Kapfer.
Outside hitter Guillaume Samica leads the French team in scoring with 59 points, including 52 spikes, six blocks and one ace. Middle blocker Oliver Kieffer is second with 48 points on 32 spikes, 14 blocks and two aces.
U.S. outside hitter Reid Priddy (Richmond, Va.) and opposite Gabe Gardner (San Clemente, Calif.) currently lead all World League scorers with 75 and 74 points respectively. Priddy has 61 kills, seven blocks and seven aces. Gardner has 59 spikes, 11 blocks and four aces.
Priddy's seven aces and 11 faults in 68 attempts also make him No. 5 in serving. He is No. 3 among receivers with a 70.3 efficiency percentage.
Setter Brandon Taliaferro (San Clemente, Calif.) is No. 5 among the World League setters with a 6.18 average by set.
U.S. World League Notes
THREE TO GET READY: Tom Hoff's third daughter, born in mid-May, is named Ava. Tom and wife Sandy also have Tatum, born in 2003 and Ella, born in 2005.
RUSSIAN WINTER: Dynamo Kazan, the Russian club team that U.S. players Lloy Ball and Clay Stanley both play for, won the 2007 Russian Superleague title. It is the first league title for Kazan in club history.
WEDDING BELLS: Two U.S. Men's Team players were married earlier this year. Reid Priddy married Lindsay Pierce in March in California. Phil Eatherton married wife Kasia in May in Poland.
All U.S. matches and the World League finals are scheduled to be shown on ESPNU.
The U.S. World League home matches are presented by GL7, the Official Sports Drink of USA Volleyball.
Results, statistics and photos are available on the FIVB World League Web Site at
The USA Volleyball FIVB World League web site is
The 2007 U.S. Men's media kit is available at
(please note that this is a large .pdf file).
2007 FIVB World League
June 8-9 in Lyon, France
Standings (as of June 7, 2007)
Pool A
1 Brazil 4-0
2 Korea 2-2
3 Canada 1-3
4 Finland 1-3
Pool B
2 France 2-2
3 Italy 1-1
4 Japan 0-2
Pool C
1 Cuba 3-1
2 Russia 3-1
3 Serbia 2-2
4 Egypt 0-4
Pool D
1 Bulgaria 4-0
2 Poland 4-0
3 China 0-4
4 Argentina 0-4
U.S. Roster
(Twelve-man rosters can be updated between World League weekends)
No. Name (Pos., Height, Hometown, College)
2 Sean Rooney (OH, 6-9, Wheaton, Ill., Pepperdine)
3 Jim Polster (OH, 6-6, Laguna Niguel, Calif., Long Beach State)
4 Brandon Taliaferro (S, 6-5, San Clemente, Calif., UCLA)
5 Rich Lambourne (L, 6-3, Tustin, Calif., BYU)
6 Phil Eatherton (MB, 6-9, Glencoe, Mo., Ball State)
8 Reid Priddy (OH, 6-5, Richmond, Va., Loyola Marymount)
9 Ryan Millar (MB, 6-8, Palmdale, Calif., BYU)
10 C Riley Salmon (OH, 6-6, League City, Texas, Pierce College)
11 Brook Billings (OPP, 6-5, Santa Barbara, Calif., USC)
12 Tom Hoff (MB, 6-8, Park Ridge, Ill., Long Beach State)
13 Clay Stanley (OPP, 6-9, Honolulu, Hawai'i, Hawai'i)
14 Kevin Hansen (S, 6-5, Newport Beach, Calif., Stanford)
France Roster
No. Name (Pos., Height, Hometown)
1 Xavier Kapfer (OH/OPP, 6-3, Nice)
2 Bojidar Slavev (OH, 6-8, Toulouse, Toulouse
4 Antonin Rouzier (OH, 6-7, Bois-Colombes)
5 Romain Vadeleux (OH, 6-6, Paris)
9 Frantz Granvorka (OH, 6-5, Roquevaire)
10 Vincent Montmeat (MB, 6-5, Tourcoing)
11 Loïc Le Marrec (S, 6-3, Antibes)
13 Pierre Pujol (S, 6-3, Poitiers)
14 Loic Geiler (OH, 6-6, Montpellier)
15 Guillaume Samica (OH, 6-6, Poiitiers)
17 Oliver Kieffer (MB, 6-6, Mignaloux)
18 Jean-François Exiga (L, 5-9, Cannes la Bocca)
U.S. World League Schedule
Date: May 26-27
Opponent: France
Location: Portland, Ore. - The Chiles Center Arena
Match 1: France def. USA, 3-2 (13-25, 25-19, 25-17, 24-26, 15-13)
Match 2: USA def. France, 3-1 (25-22, 25-22, 22-25, 25-20)
Date: June 1-2
Opponent: Japan
Location: Green Bay, Wis. - The Resch Center
Match 1: USA def. Japan, 3-1 (25-17, 23-25, 27-25, 25-19)
Match 2: USA def. Japan, 3-1 (20-25, 25-22, 25-22, 25-18)
Date: June 8-9
Opponent: France
Location: Lyon, France - Palais des Gerland
Date: June 15-16
Opponent: Italy
Location: Chicago, Ill. - The Convocation Center
Date: June 23-24
Opponent: Japan
Location: Kumamoto - Kumamoto Prefectural Gymnasium
Date: June 29
Opponent: Italy
Location: Napoli - PalaBarbuto
Date: July 1
Opponent: Italy
Location: Avelino - Pal Del Mauro
World League Final
Date: July 11-15
Location: Katowice, Poland


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