text:
Wait-And-See Approach
Hydraulic fracturing, or "fracking," in the state of New York has become a hot topic.
Although the possibility of major industrial fracking in Chautauqua County has yet to be thoroughly discussed, there are many questions to be answered.
County Legislature Chairman Jay Gould, R-Ashville said there may be some special work sessions involving fracking in Chautauqua County in the coming months.
"We've got some people that want to try to educate the legislators on fracking," Gould said. "We were going to do it at the end of last year but we decided we would wait and do it at the beginning of this term."
According to Gould, plenty of land in the county is available to be drilled. However, he declined to comment until he knows more information on the topic.
"Economically, it's good, I hear," Gould said. "Environmentally, there are questions."
More than 30 U.S. states allow high-volume hydraulic fracking, but New York is not one of them.
Since 2008, a moratorium has been in place on the subject in order for environmental review.
Gov. Andrew Cuomo did not mention fracking in his State of the State address, nor did he include it in his 2014 budget.
"Before we do anything at the county level, we must see what the state has found and what their policy is going to be," said County Executive Vince Horrigan. "I believe fracking should be done safely and responsibly and only under those conditions. There's a lot of information on both sides of the issue there but I think we have time to see what the state is going to do and we'll go from there."
Since hydraulic fracturing's inception in 1947, 2.5 million projects have occurred on oil and gas wells worldwide as of 2012, more than 1 million of them in the United States according to the Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Also, the nation's first shale gas well was designed in Fredonia in 1821 by William Hart.
"Without fracking, there wouldn't be any natural gas wells in Chautauqua County," said Andy Goodell, R-Jamestown.
Using small explosions in combination with a mixture of water, sand and chemicals, shale formations are shattered during the process of hydraulic fracking.
The chemical mixture's purpose is to hold the fractures open, allowing natural gas to seep out and up to the surface where it's collected. Fracking can occur horizontally or vertically underneath the earth's surface.
Horizontal fracturing entails drilling many miles down vertically, and then extending the well out to the side. Also, many more thousands of gallons of chemical solution are used with horizontal fracking.
In terms of horizontal, high-volume hydraulic fracking, Goodell said the issue lies in how chemicals are treated when they're pumped back out of the ground. If recycled or disposed of properly, there is virtually no environmental impact, he said.
Although both occur many miles down, horizontal fracturing can span miles on either side of where a well is drilled. In the course of initial production, a portion of the fluid is recovered. It's either recycled and used at other drilling sites or disposed of.
Those against fracking say it's dangerous to the environment and fear the chemical solution may contaminate drinking water. Opponents claim millions of gallons of toxic wastewater will be produced from every new well because of the chemical mixture used.
Town of Chautauqua residents fear fracking's presence in Chautauqua County and spoke of it at the January town board meeting.
Portland resident Diane Hofner wants the town to put a ban on fracking and on the transport of any fracking waste through the town. Hofner spoke of health problems which she said have occurred in areas of Pennsylvania where fracking is allowed and cited issues with the chemical solution.
Nancy Karp also attended the meeting and said the town has a responsibility to protect Chautauqua Lake. Karp said it is vital for the town to impose a local moratorium and long-term ban on the process until more conclusive studies are performed on the effects of fracking on land as well as on bodies of water.
The process in order to prepare a natural gas well for collection takes roughly three to five months, but a well can produce natural gas or oil for years. After the resources have been exhausted, the well is filled with cement and capped roughly three to five feet below the surface.
Those in favor of fracking in New York cite economic advantages such as job creation and a high amount of taxes returned to local municipalities.
Landowners who allow fracking on their property are entitled to a royalty fee and free natural gas to heat their homes.
"It increases the value of the property, reflected in purchase prices," Goodell said. "Not only do wells pay nearly $1 million in school taxes directly (in Chautauqua County) but they also significantly improve the value of the property, resulting in more property taxes being paid for the land."
Anti-fracking group New Yorkers Against Fracking claim the state is being targeted by the oil and gas industry for fracking the Marcellus Shale, a large stretch of sedimentary rock prevalent in New York, particularly the Southern Tier, and areas of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia.
In his State of the Union address, President Barack Obama said America was closer to energy independence than it had been in decades.
"One of the reasons why is natural gas, if extracted safely, it's the bridge fuel that can power our economy with less of the carbon pollution that causes climate change," Obama said.
Congressman Tom Reed believes New York, and America, can profit from fracking Marcellus Shale.
"We need this economic development," he said.
Furthermore, according to Reed, the production of Marcellus Shale in Pennsylvania in 2009 had an economic output of more than $3.8 billion and generated more than $400 million in state and local tax revenues while creating 48,000 new jobs.
"There is no reason to believe that we wouldn't see a similar positive effect in New York," Reed said.


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TurboTax Deluxe Fed + Efile + State 2012
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About this itemTurboTax® Deluxe: Guides you step-by-step to maximize your deductions.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
To mobilize support for teachers worldwide and to ensure we can meet the educational needs of future generations, the State Department celebrates the 19th annual UNESCO World Teachers' Day. Whether through an alphabet lesson or a taste of astrophysics, teachers are at the start of every journey. Educators in and out of the classroom are responsible for so much good in the world, and it's only fitting that we honor their contributions.
This week, the State Department's Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs hosted a two-day symposium for teachers interested in integrating global content into their lesson plans. Participants included 68 American teachers on the Teachers for Global Classrooms program -- who had traveled to Brazil, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Morocco, or Ukraine -- and 19 International teachers from Argentina, Finland, India, Israel, Mexico, Morocco, Singapore, and South Africa conducting research in the United States on the Distinguished Fulbright Awards in Teaching Program.
These programs and this symposium are just a slice of the work the State Department does with educators year-round. In the last year alone, we brought 450 teachers from 66 countries to the United States on a variety of exchange programs, and 200 American teachers traveled to 21 countries. We also support dozens of programs for high school and university students, scholars, and anyone interested in learning or teaching English.
So, today, thank the teachers in your life -- no matter where in the world they are.
(And if you choose to do it over Twitter, use the hashtag #wtd2012!)
Patrick in Maryland writes:
****"Happy World Teacher's Day"****
A teacher is a terrible Noun too waste!
So, I hope we support our teachers.
Muhammad in Pakistan writes:
I think we owe much to our teachers, as they have contributed much to our sweet and lovely lives.


text:
About the Author: Andrew Stevenson serves as Chief of Staff to the U.S. Mission to the Organization of American States (OAS).
On June 24, Deputy U.S. Permanent Representative to the OAS Lew Amselem met with delegates from the African Commission on Human and People's Rights (ACHPR), who are in Washington, DC for consultative exchanges with the Inter-American Commission of Human Rights (IACHR) at OAS Headquarters.
The IACHR is holding a two-week long series of meetings and exchanges at the OAS Headquarters with the purpose of strengthening the OAS-AU cooperative relationship. This inter-regional dialogue includes opportunities to inform OAS Member States of ongoing cooperation between the two organizations in democracy and human rights.
Past contact between the ACHPR and the IACHR has resulted in a strong interest within both systems for a better understanding of the processes, working methodology, and the human rights standards developed in each region. This effort is occurring under the terms of the MOU signed by the two organizations in October 2009. A joint "Democracy and Human Rights Forum" is also being planned to take place in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in early 2011, and will address inter-regional human rights issues.
Learn more about inter-regional cooperation between the OAS and the African Union here.


text:
International Students Weekly Bulletin
Live in Coborn Plaza
Find a wonderful place to live and learn at Coborn Plaza Apartments
- Private Bed/Bath
- Fully Furnished
- Secured Entrance and Video Surveillance
- In-Unit Laundry Facilities
- On the SCSU Bus Line
There are scholarships available!
For Additional information go to: www.stcloudstate.edu/reslife/reshalls/cobornplaza
* If you would like your message to be considered for the Weekly Bulletin, e-mail email@example.com with a description of the event. Messages must be received by Tuesday at 4:30 p.m.


text:
Gripmaster Medium Resistance Hand Exerciser
Product Information:
Strengthen your hand and fingers with the Medium Resistance Gripmaster®. The medium resistance allows for a variety of exercises with 7 lbs resistance per finger. The removable grip is shaped like the backstrap of a pistol grip. Target many different muscle groups with eleven unique exercises.
- Resistance per finger: 7 lbs
- Exercise each finger individually
- Grip shaped like backstrap of pistol grip
- Grip can be removed as needed
- Eleven unique exercises target different muscle groups
- Gripmaster
Country of Origin: United StatesWeb ID: 11168963
Customer Reviews:
Rated 4.6 out of 5�by 28 reviewers.
Rated 2 out of 5�by Leawood14 Flimsy, but works The medium resistance is good for the smaller fingers, but a too light for the larger fingers. The bottom black plastic part is removed very easily, which is not good. Overall, the product feels like it is cheaply made. January 29, 2016
Rated 5 out of 5�by Woody Just received Received product last week and have used daily. To this point I can't tell if product is working. I can only use on the right hand. Had surgery on left arm for melanoma cancer and will use when healed. It is a well constructed product and easy to use. March 8, 2015
Rated 5 out of 5�by Brooks80 Great way to get your hands stronger Easy to use and love the assortment of execises that can be done with it January 16, 2015
Rated 5 out of 5�by Jimbo Small enough to take anywhere Nice little product to increase your forearm strength ! December 15, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5�by Paul Just what my mother needed for her therapy Easy and simple! It helped my mother with her hand therapy. Seems to be sturdy and durable September 1, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5�by Dani Great little hand exerciser I bought this hand exerciser in order to build strength in my hand for shooting purposes and I must say it has helping my gun handling a lot. I still use it every now and then to keep my hand and wrist strong. June 24, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5�by Jake's Mom Works good I bought this for my son. He had surgery on his wrist, and his surgeon suggested that he work on his grip and forearm strength to help with his pitching (using less snap on the wrist). It seems to be working. June 9, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5�by lovestoshoot Works great !! What makes this hand exerciser great is that you can work on strengthening ALL your fingers (especially the pinkies) individually or in unison. May 28, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5�by Happy Shopper Hand Strengthener That Delivers These size must be popular as this Medium Resistance Hand Exerciser is usually out of stock. I am using it to help recover from an injury. It works well and is a great product! I can take it along with me to use wherever I am. May 20, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5�by Big Bob Great product this product works as advertised. It is increasing my grip more every day. May 20, 2014


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USARS Roller Derby Releases Rules Update
USA Roller Sports is proud to announce the release of the 2013 Roller Derby Rule Book, the second edition of the USARS rules.
The improved rule book is the result of an extensive analysis of the feedback generated from the regional qualifiers and the National Championship, as well as weeks of intense discussion and beta-testing.
The two most significant modifications are the shortening of the jams from two minutes to ninety seconds, and a new clause allowing a pivot to gain active scorer status even if their team's jammer is in the penalty box. "We paid great attention to the feedback from players, fans and critics, and we were very pleased to find that most comments were regarding the interpretation or execution of the rules, but not necessarily regarding the rules themselves," said Danielle Fairbanks, Director of Roller Derby at USA Roller Sports. "One exception was the feedback about the "runaway" strategy, which was criticized as a weakness of the rules. Allowing the pivot to break even if their jammer is in the box provides a very elegant and fair solution to the issue. We are giving the team a strong motivation to keep blocking instead of running away", continued Fairbanks.
Another important change to the rules is the equalization of penalties, which eliminates the separate castigation levels and makes every penalty last one minute. "Our rules have never included penalty accumulation, so players who commit a penalty are sent to the box immediately. However, we still had a few penalties that carried a punishment of two minutes when most others were only one minute long. The new rules are simpler: if a penalty is called, the player who committed it is sent to the box for one minute. That's it", commented Fairbanks.
Additional improvements include the creation of a pivot area to streamline the jam starts, the reduction of seats in the penalty box from four to three per team, and new language that guarantees a lead scorer after the initial pass is completed.
The updated rules, which are currently being translated to Spanish and will be translated to several other languages in the near future, are available for viewing and download at the Team USA website:
All USARS-sanctioned games may be played under these new rules starting immediately.
# # #
USA Roller Sports (USARS) is recognized by the Federation Internationale de Roller Sports (FIRS) and United States Olympic Committee (USOC) as the national governing body for competitive roller sports in the United States. USARS is dedicated to creating, enhancing and conducting the best competitions and programs for roller sports. We instill the drive to win and be the absolute best in sports and in life.


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Backgrounder #2742 on National Security and Defense
November 14, 2012
November 14, 2012 | Backgrounder on National Security and Defense
Abstract: In order to enhance national security by reducing identification fraud, Congress passed the REAL ID Act in 2005, calling on all 50 states to meet minimum security standards for issuing driver's licenses and state IDs. Seven years after passage of the act, and after two deadline extensions, the majority of states are still not in full compliance with REAL ID standards. REAL ID provides a commonsense solution to preventing terrorist travel and identity fraud. The 9/11 Commission recommended that the federal government enact national standards for identification eight years ago. Yet many states still lag behind the threshold for secure driver's licenses that Congress requested in the REAL ID Act. The latest deadline is fast approaching on January 15, 2013, and this time, the Department of Homeland Security should enforce it.
In 2005, Congress passed the REAL ID Act, calling on the states to meet minimum security standards for issuing driver's licenses in order to enhance national security and reduce fraud. The passage of the act followed the recommendations of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (the 9/11 Commission) to standardize secure identification in light of the fact that 18 of the 9/11 hijackers had a total of 30 driver's licenses and state IDs between them, six of which were used to board planes on the morning of the attack.[1] Now, more than seven years after the passage of the act, following two extensions by the Obama Administration, the third REAL ID full-compliance deadline is once again quickly approaching.
While opponents of the law have long argued that the REAL ID requirements were unrealistic and unachievable, as of February 2012, 21 U.S. states and territories had committed to achieving material compliance with the law by January 15, 2013.[2] Moving forward, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) should maintain and enforce the January 15 full-compliance deadline, while also providing the states with clear guidance for meeting REAL ID standards. The states and Administration should also work together to enhance state-to-state identity verification efforts and increase the use of facial recognition technology. DHS must also expand other efforts to halt terrorist travel.
On July 22, 2004, the 9/11 Commission released its final report, which contained 41 recommendations to enhance the security of the United States. Among them:
Secure identification should begin in the United States. The federal government should set standards for the issuance of birth certificates and sources of identification, such as driver's licenses. Fraud in identification documents is no longer just a problem of theft. At many entry points to vulnerable facilities, including gates for boarding aircraft, sources of identification are the last opportunity to ensure that people are who they say they are and to check whether they are terrorists.[3]
The recommendation to enhance identification security stemmed from information later highlighted in the Commission staff report "9/11 and Terrorist Travel." The staff report detailed the ease with which the 19 hijackers obtained visas and gained entry to the United States. The report also explained how 18 of the 19 hijackers had held a total of 17 driver's licenses and 13 state-issued IDs between them, seven of which had been obtained fraudulently from Virginia, and six of which were used by the hijackers to board planes the morning of the attack.[4] As 9/11 Commission staff member Janice Kephart explained:
The hijackers' acquisition of driver's licenses and identification cards was clearly part of the hijackers' overall travel strategy that included fraud in every aspect of their travel…. [T]hese identifications allowed them to move freely around the country to meet, plan, and case targets, open bank accounts, rent cars, take flying lessons, and ultimately, board the airplanes on 9/11.[5]
In 2004, in response to the commission's findings and recommendations, the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA) published its AAMVA DL/ID Security Framework.[6] This document proposed "minimum standards of security, interoperability, and reciprocity" for all of North America's Motor Vehicle Administrations (MVAs) in order to reduce driver's license and identification fraud and enhance security. The AAMVA framework recognized that driver's license and ID fraud can result in loss of life due to unsafe drivers on the road; identity theft; fraudulently obtained government benefits or jobs; and other economic and social loss due to criminal activity. The basic tenets of this framework, produced by a special AAMVA task force with input from federal agencies and association members, would become the foundation for the REAL ID standards.
With these considerations in mind, Congress passed the REAL ID Act as part of the Emergency Supplemental Appropriation for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Tsunami Relief in May 2005.[7] While opponents have claimed that the REAL ID Act creates a national ID, in reality, REAL ID merely sets voluntary ID security standards. States may elect not to pursue REAL ID standards. Further, these standards are only mandatory in order for a state driver's license or ID to be recognized for "official purposes," such as boarding a commercial aircraft or entering a federal building.
In January 2008, DHS issued the REAL ID final rule detailing the full standards to be met by the states in order to achieve full compliance with the law. These standards include:
Since its passage in 2005, the REAL ID Act has been highly contested among state leaders and advocacy groups, such as the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). Opponents have argued that REAL ID constitutes an unfunded mandate and violates state rights under the Tenth Amendment.[9] Drawing on these concerns, in January 2007, Maine became the first state to pass a bill in opposition to the REAL ID Act.[10] The bill stated that Maine is not allowed to participate in the federal REAL ID Act of 2005, and that no changes may be made to the state's driver's license process designed to conform with the federal law[11] Since then, several other states have followed suit. According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, as of June 2012, 17 states had similar laws on the books.[12] Yet, while opposition and criticism to the REAL ID Act continues, these concerns appear largely based on perpetuated myths and misinterpretations of the act.
REAL ID Is Not an Unfunded Mandate. A little over a year after the passage of the REAL ID Act, the AAMVA together with the National Governors Association and the National Conference of State Legislatures released an analysis of the national impact of the act.[13] The report asserted that REAL ID would cost the states more than $11 billion to implement over five years and would reduce efficiencies and increase wait times at state MVAs. While cited by many as evidence of an unfair burden on the states, the accuracy of these figures has been disputed. Indeed, in their final rule-making, DHS estimated that implementation of REAL ID would actually cost approximately $3.9 billion over 11 years.[14] In order to help offset some of these costs, from fiscal year (FY) 2008 through FY 2011, DHS issued approximately $200 million in federal grant money to U.S. states and territories to assist in implementation and compliance.[15]
Additionally, approximately $63 million has been awarded through various grants between FY 2008 and FY 2011 to the five states— Florida, Indiana, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Nevada—that are leaders in upgrading and testing the communication and verification systems needed for states to meet REAL ID requirements, including those needed for cross-state information sharing and fraud checks.[16] U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has also awarded nearly $10 million to states for projects related to the verification of lawful status, U.S. passports, and Social Security numbers.[17]
REAL ID Does Not Create a National ID Card or Federal Database. REAL ID sets national security standards for driver's licenses and identification. Nothing in the REAL ID Act requires that states participate or that individuals carry their license or ID on them at all times. Rather, as of January 15, 2013, identifications from non-compliant states will not be accepted for official purposes. Further, compliant states need not meet all REAL ID standards in exactly the same manner, such as physical security measures at MVAs or document security features for ID issuance. REAL ID-compliant states remain able to issue other non-compliant licenses and identifications for non-official use.
REAL ID also does not require the creation of any new databases. Rather, the REAL ID Act calls for states to link existing databases into a broader network to allow a state to query other states' records to ensure that people are not able to receive more than one license in different states and to reduce identity theft and fraud. Preliminary state-to-state verification, or cross-state data sharing, is currently being tested and developed by a consortium of five states led by Mississippi. This state-to-state verification system is to be:
Design of the system is currently expected to be completed by 2013 with a pilot to be conducted in 2015.[19]
Similarly, states may also query federal databases, specifically the Social Security Administration's SSOLV and DHS's Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements (SAVE); however, these queries are separate from any network for cross-state data sharing. States can query the SSOLV in order to determine that an applicant has presented a valid Social Security number (SSN), that the SSN is not associated with a deceased individual, and that an individual's name and date of birth match the SSN presented. Even states that have passed legislation prohibiting REAL ID compliance verify applicant data through SSOLV. States may also query DHS's SAVE to confirm a non-citizen's lawful status in the United States.[20]
REAL ID Does Reduce Fraud and Identity Theft. REAL ID security measures, such as state-to-state data sharing, identity verification, and facial recognition help to protect privacy by decreasing fraud and identity theft. Increased security measures at MVAs and background checks of MVA employees are also important factors in reducing identity theft and fraud.
In 2010, roughly 7 percent of American households experienced at least one type of identity theft, resulting in a total cost of about $37 billion to the affected individuals.[21] Of the identity theft cases reported in 2010 to the Consumer Sentinel Network (CSN), a secure consumer-complaint database maintained by the Federal Trade Commission, government documents and benefits fraud was the most common form of identity theft. These instances of fraud made up 19 percent of all reported cases, and these are just the cases that were actually reported.[22]
While only approximately 1 percent of all cases reported to the CSN are estimated to be directly related to driver's license forgery or fraud, states have cited REAL ID compliance in helping to identify numerous cases of fraud and identity theft that may have otherwise gone undetected. Two good examples of the benefits of facial recognition in identifying fraud, for example, were illustrated by the Government Accountability Office (GAO) in a recent report:
In one state we [GAO] visited, licensing agency employees were issuing licenses to individuals using real identities of other people for payments of $7,500 to $12,500 a piece. As part of the scheme, these employees provided their customers with legitimate identity documents belonging to other people, such as Social Security cards and birth certificates. Facial recognition successfully identified that the individuals who had paid for the fraudulent licenses had already received other identification documents from the state and therefore had photos in the state's database. In another example from the same state, according to state officials, a foreign national who these officials identified as being on the "no-fly" list had obtained licenses under four different identities. This individual had been deported from the United States multiple times, and each time was able to re-enter the country under a different identity. Using facial recognition software, the state was able to detect him by comparing the photos associated with the different licenses.[23]
Similarly, through its document authentication provisions, REAL ID may further help to detect fraud and identity theft related to other government documents, specifically source documents used by individuals to obtain driver's licenses and other state-issued identification cards.
The REAL ID Act initially set the deadline for full compliance with REAL ID standards for May 11, 2008. However, with the final REAL ID regulations issued by DHS a mere four months before the statutory compliance date, full compliance was extended until May 11, 2011.[24]
Cognizant of the new 2011 deadline, many states continued to move forward with REAL ID compliance. In June 2009, however, Congress introduced the Providing for Additional Security in States' Identification Act of 2009 (PASS ID Act). The act would have repealed the REAL ID Act of 2005, rolling back efforts to enhance driver's license and ID security. Not surprisingly, many opponents of the REAL ID Act put their support behind the PASS ID Act, heralding it as the solution to supposed REAL ID privacy and cost concerns.[25]
Critical to the fate of REAL ID, the ranks of PASS ID supporters also included Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano. Testifying before Congress in July 2009, Secretary Napolitano stated:
PASS ID is a critical piece of national security legislation that will fix the REAL ID Act of 2005 and institute strong security standards for government-issued identification. PASS ID will fulfill a key recommendation of the 9/11 Commission, that the federal government set standards for identification such as driver's licenses and non-driver identification cards—and this bill will do so in a way that states will implement, rather than disregard…. [C]ritically, this bill provides a workable way to get there.[26]
Lacking the support of the Obama Administration and with questions about whether REAL ID would still be on the books in the near term, progress toward REAL ID compliance was essentially put on hold. By March 2011, however, it had become clear that PASS ID no longer had the support it needed in Congress and was dead. Nevertheless, without request for comment, the Department of Homeland Security once again extended the REAL ID compliance date. Under current regulation, the REAL ID full compliance deadline is now January 15, 2013.
After this deadline, licenses from non-complaint states are no longer to be accepted for official purposes; compliant states, however, are able to complete issuing new licenses in a phased approach. By December 1, 2014, states are to issue new, compliant licenses to all individuals born after December 1, 1964. States then have until December 1, 2017, to issue new licenses for all individuals born before December 1, 1964.[27]
Despite the uncertainty caused by congressional consideration of the PASS ID Act, REAL ID implementation was anything but "disregarded."[28] According to DHS, as of February 2012, 21 states and territories had committed to meet the 18 REAL ID material compliance benchmarks by January 15, 2013. DHS also indicated that an additional five states had committed to achieving the 18 benchmarks, but do not believe they would be able to do so by January 15, 2013.[29]
The concept of material compliance was a metric created by the REAL ID final rule to measure state progress in implementing REAL ID. In order to aid in determining material compliance, DHS published a list of 18 benchmarks for states to meet (see Appendix). In DHS's own words, the material compliance benchmarks "focused on measures that produced the greatest gain in security in the shortest period of time and at reasonable costs."[30] These metrics include facial image capture, card security measures, verification of lawful status, issuer-integrity standards, and document verification, and are intended to serve as a general picture of how states are progressing with REAL ID implementation.
While states are required by law to achieve full compliance with the REAL ID Act—meeting not just the 18 benchmarks, but all requirements of the law—by January 15, 2013, in order for their licenses to be recognized for federal purposes, fewer data are available about state progress toward full compliance. DHS has, thus, largely relied on data on material compliance to measure progress toward the January 15 deadline, despite the fact that such data only indicate progress toward a portion of the full standards required by the REAL ID Act. As of April 2012, DHS reports that it had received documentation of full compliance for certification from six states—Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, South Dakota, Tennessee, and Wyoming.[31]
The Maryland ID issuing system demonstrates that becoming compliant with REAL ID is not only feasible, but also necessary to prevent fraud and abuse. Initially, some members of the state legislature proposed a resolution to oppose REAL ID. They argued that implementation would be too expensive for the state to undertake. Yet, on December 16, 2008, Maryland's Transportation Secretary John Porcari and Motor Vehicle Administrator John Kuo testified before the Maryland General Assembly that out-of-state and out-of-country requests for driver's licenses were straining the state's MVA resources. They suggested that failing to meet REAL ID requirements had turned Maryland into a magnet state for fraud.[32]
Thus, in April 2009, despite concerns about implementation costs, the Maryland state legislature passed a law designed to bring Maryland into compliance with REAL ID.[33] The state's efforts were successful. Within one year, Maryland had met all 18 material-compliance benchmarks. At first it was estimated that compliance would cost the state approximately $150 million.[34] Ultimately, however, meeting the standards of the act has cost Maryland an estimated $4.52 million, with $2 million to $3 million of that money coming from federal grants.[35]
Maryland's new issuing standards have ended the state's status as a magnet for those who could not legally obtain licenses elsewhere in the country. Illegal immigrants were known to use Maryland post office box addresses to obtain state licenses despite maintaining a permanent residence outside of the state. Indeed, Maryland licenses were considered so insecure that Colorado, Arizona, and Oklahoma had stopped accepting them as proof of identification at their own MVAs. Upon passage of legislation implementing measures to comply with REAL ID, the Maryland Department of Motor Vehicles canceled 8,000 license application interviews in one day because applicants were not residents of Maryland.[36]
Maryland has now been transformed from a magnet state for fraud to REAL ID compliant, revealing that not only is implementing REAL ID attainable, but doing so can benefit the state by reducing fraud and abuse.
While the statutory deadline to submit full-compliance packages officially passed on October 15, 2012, DHS has indicated that it will likely be a soft deadline, and anticipates that more states will submit packages before January 15, 2013.
On October 5, 2012, New Jersey officials agreed to drop requirements that would have made driver's licenses materially compliant with REAL ID. This action came after a judge ruled in favor of an ACLU objection to how the New Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission (MVC) proceeded in altering its licensing systems. The ACLU argued that the MVC improperly tried to impose REAL ID–compliant standards without publishing details or seeking public comment.[37]
With the REAL ID full-compliance deadline quickly approaching, New Jersey unfortunately is not the only state in the country that is likely to fail to meet the deadline. For instance, advocacy groups in Oklahoma have advised potential travelers to obtain a passport for use for official purposes because they do not believe the state will be compliant with REAL ID by the January 15, 2013, deadline.[38] In Alaska, MVA employees were giving drivers similar advice.[39] In New Mexico, failure to advance with REAL ID compliance has lead to critical challenges for the state.
New Mexico's lax ID system has created what authorities call "a recipe for fraud."[40] A criminal investigation that led to several arrests in June 2012 highlights this claim. The state charged Luis Raul Collazo-Medrano with heading a driver's license fraud ring that illegally assisted 54 foreign nationals in obtaining identification. The ring used the addresses of eight rental houses to acquire fake documents, such as utility bills and proof of automobile insurance, in order to get licenses. After the arrests were made, state Taxation and Revenue Secretary Demisia Padilla asked the state legislature to "please see the mess that you've created for us" and rectify the financial burden that ID fraud has placed on the state budget.[41] In general, the New Mexico Department of Health estimates that document fraud costs the state $813 million annually.[42]
New Mexico is only one of two states that currently allow illegal aliens to obtain driver's licenses.[43] This puts it out of compliance with REAL ID. The state began issuing licenses to illegal aliens in 2003. Then-Governor Bill Richardson argued that such a policy would significantly reduce the number of uninsured drivers in the state. Time, however, has proved this assertion to be untrue. In 2000, before the law went into effect, 26.3 percent of New Mexico drivers were uninsured. By 2009, 25.7 percent of drivers were still not covered.[44]
Not only does New Mexico not require legal residency for license holders, it also has done a poor job ensuring that it issues licenses only to individuals who actually reside in the state. Reports indicate about 92,000 New Mexico licenses have been issued to foreign nationals since 2003. Yet, only 16,000 of those people have filed state income tax returns this year.[45] New Mexico has not passed any laws prohibiting compliance with REAL ID. However, there are signs that it will not meet the compliance deadline set for January. Indeed, in February 2012, the state indicated it was reaching only between 11 and 14 REAL ID material benchmarks.[46]
Despite local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and agencies telling citizens to prepare for REAL ID enforcement, the question remains whether DHS will hold to the requirement to have fully REAL ID–compliant licenses to board airplanes or enter federal buildings come January 2013. As DHS reacts to the possibility that some states may not reach full compliance by January, it may consider taking one of two steps to prevent the burden that not having a compliant license will place on air travelers. DHS may (1) extend the full-compliance deadline again or (2) declare that licenses from all states that have made progress toward, or achieved all material compliance standards, will be accepted for federal purposes regardless of statutory requirements.
Even though DHS has announced that it will not extend the January 15, 2013, compliance deadline, it has not audited state compliance, nor has it sought to motivate states that are lagging behind to expedite their efforts.[47] DHS has also failed to release pass-or-fail criteria that would allow states to evaluate their security processes.
In a recent investigation, GAO auditors were able to acquire licenses in three states by using fake birth certificates. The auditors blamed DHS for not proactively addressing remaining security vulnerabilities in the license issuing processes. GAO stated that "without guidance and encouragement from DHS, states and other agencies may be less likely to coordinate in pursuit of these opportunities."[48] DHS, however, rejected GAO's assessment, arguing that states are free to coordinate with one another.[49] However, the fact that some states are not certain about what minimum standards they must meet in order to comply with REAL ID demonstrates that DHS should play a more active role in helping states prepare for January.
Another key challenge is the fact that certain systems that will foster state-to-state cooperation are not yet fully operational. The development of the state-to-state verification, or cross-state data sharing, system, led by Mississippi, is still in the preliminary stages of development and may not be fully online until 2023.[50] Further, the failure of many states to link to the Electronic Verification of Vital Events (EVVE) system remains as another critical challenge in REAL ID implementation.
REAL ID requires that states verify birth certificates in order for an applicant to receive a driver's license. In 2000, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Office of the Inspector General produced a study showing that 6,422 state and local agencies issued birth certificates. At the time the study was conducted there were over 14,000 different kinds of birth certificates in circulation.[51] Additionally, as many as 15 states have little to no restrictions on who can obtain a birth certificate from a vital records agency.[52] This decentralized issuing process makes it difficult for DMV employees to efficiently and accurately verify birth certificates, and increases the ease by which individuals can obtain or produce fraudulent birth certificates.
EVVE is the result of collaboration between the Social Security Administration and the National Association for Public Health Statistics and Information Systems (NAPHSIS). Through EVVE, state and federal agencies can electronically query all participating vital records agencies to verify the contents of a paper birth certificate through a single interface. Querying agencies simply receive a message from the EVVE system indicating whether a query was a match, or whether a record is marked as deceased. As of August 2012, 47 of the nation's 57 vital records agencies were online with EVVE for birth certificate queries, and two were in the process of coming online.[53] However, at present, no state MVA has begun using the system, in part due to cost concerns.[54]
More than seven years ago, the 9/11 Commission called upon the Department of Homeland Security and the states to ensure the security of driver's licenses and IDs throughout the U.S. With the deadline for full compliance with the REAL ID Act quickly approaching, while the states and their federal partners have made great progress, more remains to be done to ensure that state licenses are not exploited for fraud and abuse. In order to fully meet the recommendations of the 9/11 Commission, the Department of Homeland Security and the states should:
REAL ID provides a commonsense solution to preventing terrorist travel and identity fraud. The 9/11 Commission recommended that the federal government enact national standards for identification eight years ago. Yet many states still lag behind the threshold for secure driver's licenses that Congress called for when it enacted REAL ID. On January 15, 2013, DHS should enforce the full-compliance deadline, while also improving its efforts to guide states that are struggling to reach compliance with the law.
—Jessica Zuckerman is a Research Associate in the Douglas and Sarah Allison Center for Foreign Policy Studies, a division of the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Institute for International Studies, at The Heritage Foundation. The author is grateful to Research Assistant David Inserra for his help in preparing this study.
*Requirement superseded by indefinite stay of material compliance deadline.
Show references in this report
[1] Thomas R. Eldridge, Susan Ginsburg, Walter T. Hempel II, Janice L. Kephart, and Kelly Moore, "9/11 and Terrorist Travel: Staff Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States," August 21, 2004, http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/911/staff_statements/911_TerrTrav_Monograph.pdf (accessed November 2, 2012).
[2] Janet Napolitano, "Identification Security: Reevaluating the REAL ID Act," testimony before the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, U.S. Senate, July 15, 2009, http://www.dhs.gov/news/2009/07/15/secretary-napolitanos-testimony-identification-security-reevaluating-real-id-act (accessed November 2, 2012); National Governors Association, National Conference of State Legislatures, and American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, "The REAL ID Act: National Impact Analysis," September 2006, http://www.ncsl.org/print/statefed/Real_ID_Impact_Report_FINAL_Sept19.pdf (accessed November 2, 2012); and U.S. Department of Homeland Security, "Secure Identification State Progress: FY2012 Report to Congress," August 28, 2012, http://www.granddriver.info/Legislative-Alerts/ (accessed October 17, 2012).
[3] National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, The 9/11 Commission Report, July 22, 2004, http://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report.pdf (accessed November 2, 2012).
[4] Eldridge et al., "9/11 and Terrorist Travel."
[5] Janice Kephart, "Border Security and Enforcement: The 9/11 Commission Staff Report on Training for Border Inspectors, Document Integrity, and Defects in the U.S. Visa Program," testimony before the Subcommittee on Immigration, Border Security and Citizenship and Subcommittee on Terrorism, Technology, and Homeland Security, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate, March 14, 2005, http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/hearings/testimony.cfm?id=e655f9e2809e5476862f735da102460f&wit_id=e655f9e2809e5476862f735da102460f-2-2 (accessed November 2, 2012).
[6] American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, "AAMVA DL/ID Security Framework" February 2004, http://www.aamva.org/REALID/ (accessed November 2, 2012).
[7] Emergency Supplemental Appropriation for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Tsunami Relief, Public Law 109-13.
[8] Federal Register, Vol. 76, No. 44 (March 7, 2011), pp. 12269–12271.
[9] Priscilla M. Regan and Christopher J. Deering, "State Opposition to REAL ID," Publius: The Journal of Federalism, Vol. 39, No. 3 (April 7, 2009), pp. 476–505.
[10] Ibid.
[11] An Act to Prohibit Maine from Participating in the Federal REAL ID Act of 2005, 29-A MRSA §1411 (2007).
[12] National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Legislative Activity in Opposition to REAL ID," June 2012, http://www.ncsl.org/documents/standcomm/sctran/REALIDComplianceReport.pdf (accessed November 2, 2012).
[13] National Governors Association, National Conference of State Legislatures, and American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, "The REAL ID Act: National Impact Analysis."
[14] David Quam, "Identification Security: Reevaluating the REAL ID Act," statement before the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, U.S. Senate, July 15, 2009, http://www.nga.org/files/live/sites/NGA/files/pdf/090715TESTIMONYPASSIDQUAM.PDF (accessed November 2, 2012).
[15] U.S. Department of Homeland Security, "Secure Identification State Progress."
[16] David Heyman, "Secure Identification: The REAL ID Act's Minimum Standards for Driver's Licenses and Identification Cards," testimony before the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. House of Representatives, March 21, 2012, http://www.dhs.gov/news/2012/03/21/written-testimony-dhs-policys-assistant-secretary-house-judiciary-subcommittee (accessed November 2, 2012).
[17] Ibid.
[18] U.S. Department of Homeland Security, "Secure Identification State Progress."
[19] U.S. Government Accountability Office, "Driver's License Security: Federal Leadership Needed to Address Remaining Vulnerabilities," GAO-12-893, September 21, 2012, http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-12-893 (accessed November 2, 2012).
[20] Ibid.
[21] Lynn Langton, "Identity Theft Reported by Households 2005–2010," Bureau of Justice Statistics, November 30, 2011, http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=2207 (accessed November 2, 2012), and Kristin M. Finklea, "Identity Theft: Trends and Issues," Congressional Research Service Report for Congress, February 15, 2012, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R40599.pdf (accessed November 2, 2012).
[22] Federal Trade Commission, Consumer Sentinel Network Data Book for January–December 2010, March 2011, http://www.ftc.gov/sentinel/reports/sentinel-annual-reports/sentinel-cy2010.pdf (accessed November 2, 2012).
[23] U.S. Government Accountability Office, "Driver's License Security."
[24] Federal Register, Vol. 76, No. 44.
[25] Jim Douglas, "Identification Security: Reevaluating the REAL ID Act," statement before Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, U.S. Senate, July 15, 2009, http://www.nga.org/files/live/sites/NGA/files/pdf/090715TESTIMONYPASSIDDOUGLAS.PDF (accessed November 2, 2012).
[26] Napolitano, "Identification Security: Reevaluating the Real ID Act."
[27] Federal Register, Vol. 76, No. 44.
[28] Napolitano, "Identification Security: Reevaluating the Real ID Act."
[29] National Governors Association, National Conference of State Legislatures, and American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, "The REAL ID Act: National Impact Analysis."
[30] U.S. Department of Homeland Security, "Secure Identification State Progress."
[31] Ibid.
[32] Janice Kephart, "MD Faces Music on Drivers Licenses," Center for Immigration Studies, April 22, 2009, http://www.cis.org/Kephart/MDHouseBill387-REALID (accessed November 2, 2012).
[33] Maryland Vehicle Laws—Lawful Status in the United States—Material Compliance with Federal Requirements, Chapter 390.
[34] Andrew Schotz, "State Senator Wants Maryland to Oppose Federal REAL ID Act," Herald-Mail, February 16, 2007, http://articles.herald-mail.com/2007-02-16/news/25059887_1_real-id-act-resolution-license (accessed November 2, 2012).
[35] Maryland Department of Transportation, Motor Vehicle Administration, "Capital Program Summary," 2013, http://www.mdot.maryland.gov/Office%20of%20Planning%20and%20Capital%20Programming/CTP/CTP_13_18/CTP_Documents/Draft13_CTP/13_MVA.pdf (accessed November 2, 2012).
[36] Lisa Rein and Nick Miroff, "Md Motor Vehicle Administration Cancels Appointments for Illegal Immigrants," The Washington Post, April 15, 2009, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/04/14/AR2009041402884.html (accessed November 2, 2012), and U.S. Government Accountability Office, "Driver's License Security."
[37] Katie Zezima, "NJ Drops TRU-ID Program for Driver's Licenses, Settles Lawsuit that Challenged New Standards," The Republic, October 5, 2012, http://www.therepublic.com/view/story/7ae69c1a73164bffb0084dab2512ab6d/NJ--Driver-Licenses-Renewal (accessed November 2, 2012).
[38] KOKH Fox 25, "Real ID Stirs Concern for Travelers," video, October 1, 2012, http://www.okcfox.com/newsroom/top_stories/videos/kokh_vid_7262.shtml (accessed November 2, 2012).
[39] Dermot Cole, "Alaska Licenses in Spotlight as Federal Security Deadline Nears," Fairbanks Daily News-Miner, October 1, 2012, http://newsminer.com/bookmark/20324714-Alaska-licenses-in-spotlight-as-federal-security-deadline-nears (accessed November 2, 2012).
[40] Susan Montoya Bryan, "New Mexico Busts Interstate Driver's License Fraud Ring," Santa Fe New Mexican, June 6, 2012, http://www.santafenewmexican.com/localnews/New-Mexico-busts-interstate-driver-s-license-fraud-ring (accessed November 2, 2012).
[41] Charles D. Brunt, "State Officials Break Up Driver's License Ring," Albuquerque Journal, June 6, 2012, http://www.abqjournal.com/main/2012/06/06/abqnewsseeker/state-officials-break-up-drivers-license-ring.html (accessed November 2, 2012).
[42] New Mexico Department of Health, "Frequently Asked Questions," http://vitalrecordsnm.org/faq.shtml (accessed November 2, 2012).
[43] Washington State also allows illegal immigrants to obtain state driver's licenses.
[44] Joseph Kolb, "Undocumented Immigrant Drivers License Law Fails to Boost Number of Insured," Fox News Latino, September 9, 2012, http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2012/09/09/new-mexico-undocumented-driver-license-law-fails-to-raise-number-insured/ (accessed November 2, 2012).
[45] Associated Press, "5 New Mexico Residents Linked to Immigrant Driver's License Fraud Ring," June 20, 2012, http://www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/20/5-new-mexico-residents-linked-to-immigrant-driver-license-fraud-ring/ (accessed November 2, 2012).
[46] U.S. Department of Homeland Security, "Secure Identification State Progress."
[47] Stewart A. Baker, "Secure Identification: The REAL ID Act's Minimum Standards for Driver's Licenses and Identification Cards," testimony before the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. House of Representatives, March 21, 2012, http://judiciary.house.gov/hearings/Hearings%202012/Baker%2003212012.pdf (accessed November 2, 2012).
[48] U.S. Government Accountability Office, "Driver's License Security."
[49] Ibid.
[50] Ibid.
[51] Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Inspector General, "Birth Certificate Fraud," September 2000, https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-07-99-00570.pdf (accessed November 2, 2012).
[52] U.S. Government Accountability Office, "Driver's License Security."
[53] NAPHSIS, "EVVE Vital Records Implementation: Birth Queries," August 2012, http://www.naphsis.org/_layouts/PowerPoint.aspx?PowerPointView=ReadingView&PresentationId=/Documents/EVVE_Implementation_August_2012_Birth_Queries_with_years.pptx&Source=http%3a//www.naphsis.org/Documents/Forms/AllItems.aspx?View%3D{5CFE2937-FF7D-4B96-B944-CCC10F200D83}%26FilterField1%3DDocIcon%26FilterValue1%3Dpptx%26InitialTabId%3DRibbon%252EDocument%26VisibilityContext%3DWSSTabPersistence&DefaultItemOpen=1&DefaultItemOpen=1 (accessed November 2, 2012).
[54] U.S. Government Accountability Office, "Driver's License Security," and Janice Kephart, "REAL ID Implementation Annual Report: Major Progress Made in Securing License Issuance Against Identity Theft and Fraud," Center for Immigration Studies, February 2012, http://cis.org/real-id-implementation-report (accessed November 2, 2012).


text:
Tesuque Village Market Tortilla Soup Recipe
Recipe courtesy of Ellie Seelow of Tesuque Village Market
- Giada's Weekend Getaways
- 9 ripe tomatoes
- 7 fresh jalapenos
- 11 cloves garlic
- 4 medium sized onions, quartered
- 11 fresh green Anaheim chiles
- Olive oil
- 8 cups chicken stock
- 6 cups plum tomatoes (whole or crushed)
- 1 tablespoon ground cumin
- 1 tablespoon paprika
- 1 tablespoon granulated garlic
- 1 1/4 pounds tortilla chips
- Salt
- Freshly ground black pepper
- Cotija cheese
- Cilantro leaves, chopped
Preheat an oven to 350 degrees F.
Place the tomatoes, jalapenos, garlic, onions, and green chiles onto a sheet pan or cookie sheet and then drizzle with olive oil. Place the sheet tray into the preheated oven and roast until they turn golden brown, about 15 to 20 minutes. Remove from the oven and set aside.
Into a large stockpot add the chicken stock, plum tomatoes, and roasted veggies and cook over medium heat for two minutes. Add cumin, paprika, granulated garlic, and tortilla chips and then simmer for 10 minutes. *Remove stock pot from the flame and pour the contents into a blender. Puree the mixture, starting on low and then increase speed to high, until well combined. Work in batches if all the liquid does not fit into your blender. Season with salt and freshly ground black pepper. Return the pureed soup to a clean pot and simmer to keep warm until you're ready to serve. Garnish with tortilla strips, cotija cheese, and cilantro.
*When blending hot liquids: Remove liquid from the heat and allow to cool for at least 5 minutes. Transfer liquid to a blender or food processor and fill it no more than halfway. If using a blender, release one corner of the lid. This prevents the vacuum effect that creates heat explosions. Place a towel over the top of the machine, pulse a few times then process on high speed until smooth.
Recipe courtesy of Ellie Seelow of Tesuque Village Market


text:
It takes a lot of people doing a lot of work to make an institution like Grinnell College run. We're all busy.
This can make it hard to get help from other people who are just as busy. as you Similarly, it's hard for the Web Guys to offer you help that fits in both your and our schedules.
This line of thought brought us to make the Training Request Form.
It takes just a few seconds to use and it helps us know who needs training for what when. Best of all, you can get to it from any page in the Help Section because it's in the menu over there:
If clicking isn't your thing, type in "http://www.grinnell.edu/help/request-training" in your browser and you're ready to request some help.
Here's a list of all the types of training you can request:
- Basic Training - Get started with Drupal and get your user id.
- Restart - Been awhile since you last used Drupal? Get a refresher on the basics.
- Accessibility - Learn how to make your web pages, pdfs, and other documents accessible, and why it's so important.
- Open Support Session - Join other editors working on your site's pages alongside power users and webguys who can answer your questions.
- Advanced Content Types - Learn how to use Event/Event Series, Publications, People, and multimedia content types to spice up your pages and/or save you time and frustration.
- Site Management - Learn how to streamline your pages, whip your content into shape, fix menus, and find the right words to help your users find what they're looking for.
- Best Practices - Learn tips and tricks to help you save time, reduce frustration and get the result you expect.
- Other - Want something we don't normally offer? Describe it below and we'll see what we can do for you.
Any time a critical mass of one of these trainings is reached, we'll find a time to schedule training so you can make the changes to the website that you need to make. The Web Guys love this because it means we'll never walk into an empty classroom and lose an hour of our day.
Improving the Help Section
Besides requesting a training, you can also request improvements or additions to the Help Section of the site.
Remember, chances are if you need something, other people do too. Requesting an addition to the Help Section will help others!
In Conclusion
- We want you to ask for help!
- You can do it using the Training Requestion Form or go tohttp://www.grinnell.edu/help/request-training
- Even if you don't need help, you can get more Help text written by using that same form.


text:
Who is Trent DiGiuro?
Trent DiGiuro was from Goshen, Kentucky and earned all-district honors at South Oldham High School. He enrolled at the University of Kentucky as a walk-on offensive lineman in 1991. Through hard work and perseverance, he began earning playing time in 1993 as the Wildcats advanced to the Peach Bowl. In the off-season, he posted the best bench press on the team and he finished 1994 spring practice as the starting right guard.
Trent earned a place on the 1993 Southeastern Conference All Academic Team. He epitomized the work ethic required to excel not only in sports, but in life.
Trent DiGiuro was shot and killed as he sat on his front porch, three days shy of his 21st birthday, on July 17, 1994.
The Trent DiGiuro Foundation is dedicated to keeping Trent's memory alive.
All proceeds are used to support scholarships at 3 high schools in Oldham County, and at the University of Kentucky


text:
It's been a while, I know. A long while, I think. The last I spoke with you, I told you that I was planning on making changes and wanted to make ParisienSalon.com something different. And then I disappeared, and ParisienSalon.com sat gathering dust, like an abandoned (yet utterly fabulous) Parisian apartment—the one in desperate need of a complete renovation.
Ever since I decided to take sole responsibility for writing the content of ParisienSalon, life has conspired to make that a difficult task for me. There have been technical glitches, bouts with the flu, crazy deadlines and whatnot. So, yes, I've been missing in action, and missing in Paris since December. Je suis desolé.
I started writing this post over the weekend, after reading Sherry Long's Dog Trots Globe To Paris & Provence, a story about Sherry's trip to Paris and Provence with her husband and dog. In fact, the whole book is written from the point of view of Chula, the Long's 9-year old Sheltie. I never finished writing this post over the weekend because Ella, my 9-year old Yorkie, got sick. Again. (At Christmas, she was hit with hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, which is as horrid and bloody as it sounds.) So I spent the last few days at the vet, or nursing my suddenly and uncharacteristically needy pup. I believe the literary gods call that "irony." Read on to learn more, and to get a chance to win this great book.
Right around the time that I re-imagined what I wanted ParisienSalon.com to be, a publisher sent me a copy of Jennifer L. Scott's "Lessons from Madame Chic: 20 Stylish Secrets I Learned While Living in Paris. "The timing couldn't be better. After all, ParisienSalon.com was now all about enjoying life like a Parisian, and who better to share her tips on how to do so than the editor of The Daily Connoisseur. Ms. Scott has been talking about the art of fine living since starting her blog in 2008. So, want to know what I learned from the book? Read on.
A few years ago, when I began to venture deeper into the "real Paris," I decided to stay in one of the vacation apartments offered by Gail Boisclair of Perfectly Paris. Located on the Rue des Lévis in the 17th arrondissement, it was as far off the tourist track as I had ever ventured. It was love at first sight. There are many market streets in Paris—rue Mouffetard, rue Montorgueil, and rue Cler come immediately to mind—but most tourists (and many Parisians) have little experience with rue des Lévis.
You may have noticed that I've been away for a while. Please also note that I said "I" rather than "we." But I'm back now…and I have big, exciting plans for ParisienSalon.com. Please read on to find out why I've been away for so long, and what the future holds for the site.
Richard Nahem, our Eye Prefer Paris expert, received a generous gift certificate from his friends to Les Bains du Marais for the hammam, a massage and a manicure. Looking forward to some R & R, if only for a few hours, he made his appointment for Friday afternoon … just in time to unwind from a long and hectic week.
When you're looking for the best hidden shopping streets in Paris, one of the places you're unlikely to start your search is just a few blocks from the Eiffel Tower. Yet, just across the Champ de Mars gardens on the border of the 7th and 15th arrondissement, is a charming neighborhood where you'll find the narrow rue du Commerce. The street is chock full of boutiques for a truly Parisian shopping experience—sans the traffic and tourists.
I can already tell I'm going to get into trouble with this, but I've never been afraid to ruffle a few feathers (especially of the French variety), so here goes. As a female ex-pat, living in Paris is no guarantee that you'll automatically become a local. If you're not a Parisienne and you want to be, these are the rules.*
Despite jumping at the occasional fad, Parisian shoppers follow certain cardinal rules.
Despite jumping at the occasional fad, Parisian shoppers follow certain cardinal rules.
An American expat in Paris offers a collection of affordable, wearable art inspired by her travels.
Discover a bespoke shop for the well-dressed man that's made-to-measure in the 8th arrondissement.
How do stylish women travel with their cameras in Paris while remaining perfectly fashionable?
A few years ago, author Ellen Sussman shared French Lessons with us, interweaving several characters
Our food critic offers his opinion on this French restaurant in the 19th arrondissement.
In a city known for its delectable patisseries, where shelves are lines with all manner of gateaux,
Olivier Magny's new wine bar takes wine tasting to the next level.
We love all of the pillows made by Jules Pansu {Paris}, but the La Terre (Earth) pillow really speak


text:
Plastics and composites have improved products and applications in various companies, from automotive to biomedical to electronic devices. Smart composite mould technology will advance their state associated with art and expand markets for manufacturers. Various types of moulding processes can be utilized to produce plastic and composite components. The moulds have actually conventionally been manufactured from steel. Composite moulds are gaining ground, but mainly in manufacturing processes with relatively conditions that are mild. To be able to increase the temperature capabilities of the composite moulds so as to tap brand new areas, essential advances in mould technology are needed. For warming the mould and its particular articles, scientists embedded conductive carbon fibres close to the area for the mould among a number of nano-doped levels having high conductivity that is thermal. This ensures maximum heat transfer to the resin to cut back energy consumption. The group additionally developed flow, temperature and cure sensors to enable fully automatic process control in combination with analysis tools for process parameter optimisation. A novel system that is cooling of a network of channels that used the contour of this component. Temperature transfer fluid circulated through the stations to absorb temperature through the system. Two different actuators that are piezoelectric assessed due to their ability to enhance resin movement centered on electrically induced micro-vibrations. Finally, a new coating that is metallic on nanofillers and mineral fillers improved chemical resistance towards the resins and facilitated repair in case there is harm. The final tooling integrated all developed technologies and tested them in an infusion protocol that is experimental. Further optimization is anticipated to result in a breakthrough in smart composite mould design and extension of moulding capabilities. Manufacturers will be able to use the economical mould technology into the demanding environment of resin transfer moulding. This method is increasingly utilized to produce components that are smooth large surface areas and complex forms like those required by the aerospace sector. It shall also enable the utilization of advanced level resins that want higher conditions in conventional moulding procedures.
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text:
This unspoilt destination is the ideal choice for a once in a lifetime trip or honeymoon.
Flights to Grenada
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Grenada, the Isle of Spice, boasts magnificent natural beauty. With its flourishing rainforests, picturesque national parks and miles of immaculate beaches. Where nutmeg groves outnumber hotels and relaxing pursuits are hard to ignore.
Discover the simple, yet colourful way of life on holidays in Grenada. This Caribbean island offers the perfect balance combining culture and sightseeing, together with pure indulgence and escapism. Absorb the enthusiasm and energy that captivates the locals and appreciate the pride and passion that they have for their family-run hotels and historical plantation houses. Go diving at Molinere Bay underwater sculpture park or take a rewarding hiking trails around Grand Etang National Park. A visit to St George's will not disappoint either – the island's capital is one of the prettiest in the Caribbean and one of the liveliest on market day. Wherever you are on the island, there's plenty to do and fantastic views to see.
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With many luxurious resorts, known for their high standards, Grenada is ideal for unforgettable luxury holidays. Stay in 5 star villas, set on the hillside in acres of colourful tropical gardens, or beautifully designed guest rooms at chic boutique hotels. Combine uninterrupted views with outstanding service and plenty of choice. Feel your daily stresses ebb away at the idylic hideaway, Sandals LaSource Grenada Resort & Spa. Stay in a South Seas or Italian Village room and take full advantage of the large soaking tub. Or stay at Spice Island, where you can pamper yourself at Janissa's Spa – an oasis of serenity, tucked away behind private walls and tropical gardens.
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Stay in charming cottage style accommodation or suites, which are ideal for families. Our great value family-friendly hotels have been carefully selected with you in mind. With fantastic kids clubs, wide range of activities and practical accommodation, some with fully equipped kitchens, they will meet all your needs. The shallow waters of Morne Rouge Bay are great for families with small children, while the kids club facilities and playgrounds will keep the little ones busy all day.
Grenada features more than 45 beaches, perfect for family adventures, incredible snorkelling or just simply relaxing. Beautiful Mourne Rouge beach has soft white sand and shallow waters. Its quiet and serene location is ideal for small children. Grand Anse Beach is the main resort area, with two miles of soft white sand. Magazin Beach is home to some of the best snorkelling on the island and Bathway Beach, situated on the Atlantic coast, provides sheltered waters for most of the year.


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CUBRID Manager is a tool that allows users to manage the database with more convenience and efficiency. When you start the CUBRID Manager, you will see the interface window shown in the image below that consists of the menu bar, the toolbar, the navigation tree, View Pane, login information, and memory information.
The menu bar includes File, Edit, Tools, Action, and Help at the top of the window. See CUBRID Manager Client.
The [File] menu consists of host menu, file menu, CUBRID Manager preference menu and others.
The [Edit] menu consists of options used in the CUBRID Manager for editing.
The [Tools] menu is the main menu of the CUBRID Manager, and consists of service control menu such as Start/Stop Service, and User Management.
The [Action] menu is a dynamic menu, showing available actions by a right-click in the navigation pane. The following shows the options of the [Action] menu, displayed by a right-click of a table.
The [Help] menu consists of Help, which allows you to browse CUBRID Database Manual, Dynamic Help, and Search options.
To check CUBRID tips or development news, select [CUBRID Online Forum] or [CUBRID Project Site].
A toolbar is displayed under the menu bar for fast access to frequently-used functions. The active icons indicate that the functions can be performed at the point; otherwise, displayed as inactive.
The figure below shows a tooltip that appears when hovering the mouse pointer over an icon on the toolbar.
The toolbar provides the following functionalities.
Add Host
Unload Database
Create Database
Load Database
Create User
Backup Database
Create Table
Restore Database
New Query
Optimize Database
Check Database
Transaction Info
Lock Information
Server Version
You can see the memory status in the status bar. You can check the current memory usage and click the recycle bin icon in the status bar to optimize the memory (garbage collection), if necessary.


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Ray P. Cox, 75, of Fort Dodge, died Saturday, April 6, 2013, at his residence.
The family will greet friends from 5:00 to 7:00 p.m. on Monday at the Gunderson Funeral Home & Cremation Services. Memorials may be directed to the discretion of the family.
Ray is survived by his wife Dale; his children, Kevin Cox, Ontario, Calif.; Lori Pearson, Fort Dodge; Tracy (Masood) Sajady, Chanhassen, Minn.; Ray (Emily) Cox, Iowa; Frank Cox, Fort Worth, Tex.; nine grandchildren and five great-grandchildren; and his brothers, Jerry (Nelda) Cox, Vancouver, Wash.; and Gordon (Liz) Cox, Eureka, Calif. He was preceded in death by his parents and his sister Joyce.
Ray Pierce Cox, the son of Ray and Thelma (Goodrich) Cox, was born March 26, 1938, in Coshocton, Ohio. He was reared and educated in Michigan and moved to California where he served in the U.S. Marine Corps. In 1981, Ray moved to Fort Dodge where he managed Omaha Cold Storage until his retirement.
Ray's passions were hunting, golfing and bowling.


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A fost detectat un browser neacceptat
Site-ul de suport Lenovo acceptă Microsoft© Internet Explorer 10+, Mozilla Firefox 29+, Chrome 34+ și alte browsere web moderne.
For current or recent-generation systems, please visit our parts page to order common replaceable parts such as batteries, notebook power adapters, notebook docks and port replicators, desktop keyboards, mice, hard drives, or memory.
In general to find parts for your Lenovo PC, please visit www.lenovo.com/services_warranty/us/en/parts/.
If you require a part that is not as commonly replaced as the above examples (for example: notebook display screen, notebook keyboard, fan unit, power supply please Call Us.
How do I order replacement/upgrade parts for my computer?
Accessories, parts and upgrade options are all available in the Accessories and upgrades section on www.lenovo.com. Alternately, please Call Us to order parts.
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Please use the Lenovo Parts Lookup page to find the replacement service part numbers (FRUs) for your Lenovo system.
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Lenovo works with a selected companies to offer after-market parts through the Options Continuation Program. These resellers are chosen for their proven track records in delivery and customer satisfaction. They are authorized to offer new, used, or refurbished parts and accessories and provide upgrade opportunities to our customers.
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The status of any warranty associated with a Lenovo system can be checked at our Warranty Status Lookup section. You will be required to enter your system's Serial Number in order to view warranty status. Additionally, you may upgrade or extend your active warranty in this section.
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A thread for recommending apps that you like.
This app kicks ass. It is a must for anyone on twitter. Basically, any (or most) articles that are linked to or you run across can easily be saved to read later. If you are on twitter on your phone or iPad and someone links an article you want to read but don't have time, there is a button "read later" that you hit and it downloads the article to the app. You can read it when er you want without having to track down the link again, if you even remember it at all.
It's $5 and worth every penny.


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I have played soccer for Idaho Rush for, well, forever. The club has seen me develop and change through a large portion of my life. As a player, I have changed from that little girl who ran around with bows in her hair, chasing the ball because her mamma gave her $5 for every goal she scored, to an athlete who cherished her role as part of a team and thrived on a challenge. As a person, I have changed from a small little girl unsure of my potential, to a strong young woman, confident that with hard work, a purpose and a bit of luck anything is possible.
I was that kid who would go home after practice and drag my brother outside to practice shooting, headers, moves and anything else I could think of. I knew from past experiences with the game and encouragement from my parents and coaches that if I worked hard enough, anything was possible.
I feel like, early in my life I learned a lesson that most adults still struggle with: "Hard work beats talent when talent isn't working hard." In both my junior and senior years, I broke my foot and I had to sit on the sidelines and learn different lessons from soccer. I had to learn for the first time in a long time that life goes on beyond soccer but the skills and values I picked up from being a player, a team member, and an athlete would stick with me for forever. Initially I was very upset. I felt as if I had been robbed of the fruit of all my work and that I had climbed so far up the ladder only to be shoved to the ground with absolutely nothing to show for my efforts. I almost felt like my time had been wasted and could have been better spent developing other talents. But thank heavens for dads who know which way is up. He lovingly reminded me that soccer truly had shaped me into the person I am. With the lessons I had learned from playing for so many years I could accomplish anything, with the passion I had developed I could learn to love and enjoy anything.
Soccer changed me for the better. Coaches such as Steve Lynch, Lee Riley, Jon Garrard, Steve Fredericks and Rick Mullins taught me life-defining traits every day: how to work hard, be smart, have fun, be passionate, and encouraging – they helped shape me into the person I am today.
I am currently attending Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, and while I am not playing for the school, I am involved in the intramural programs and there isn't a week that goes by that I don't play with the ball. While I no longer have soccer practice every day, soccer will be a part of my life for forever. There will not be a day that I don't utilize the lessons of enthusiasm, dedication, and strength of mind that I learned from playing soccer.


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LINGUIST List 17.2761
Tue Sep 26 2006
Confs: General Ling,Chinese,Japanese,Korean Lang/Canada
Editor for this issue: Jeremy Taylor <jeremy
To post to LINGUIST, use our convenient web form at
1. Sarah Clarke,
International Conference on East Asian Linguistics
Message 1: International Conference on East Asian Linguistics
Sarah Clarke <sarah.clarke
International Conference on East Asian Linguistics
International Conference on East Asian Linguistics
Short Title: ICEAL
Date: 10-Nov-2006 - 12-Nov-2006
Location: Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Contact: Yoonjung Kang
Contact Email:
< click here to access email >
Meeting URL:
Linguistic Field(s): General Linguistics
Subject Language(s): Chinese, Mandarin; Japanese; Korean
Meeting Description:
The Department of Linguistics at the University of Toronto is pleased to
announce the upcoming International Conference on East Asian Linguistics,
which will be held from November 10-12, 2006. The conference will focus on all aspects of formal linguistics of Japanese, Chinese, and Korean. In
additional to regular conference sessions, there will be a special session on loanwords.
The preregistration deadline is October 27th. For information and
preregistration details, please visit the conference website at
Please contact Sarah Clarke (sarah.clarke
utoronto.ca) with any questions.
Invited Speakers:
Keynote speakers:
San Duanmu (University of Michigan)
Chung-hye Han (Simon Fraser University)
C.-T. James Huang (Harvard University)
Michael Kenstowicz (MIT)
Mamoru Saito (Nanzan University)
Jen Smith (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill)
John Whitman (Cornell University)
Student speaker:
Shigeto Kawahara (University of Massachusetts, Amherst)
Friday, November 10th, 2006
9:00-10:00 - Invited Speaker
Jennifer L. Smith, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
'Modeling loanword adaptation: Evidence from Japanese'
10:00-10:15 - Coffee Break
10:15-11:45 - Parallel Sessions
Session A - Loanwords I
10:15-10:45 - Toshio Matsuura (Kyushu University)
'More evidence for a pseudo-compound analysis of loanwords: Word size
and tone in Nagasaki Japanese'
10:45-11:15 - Kang-kwong Luke & Chaakming Lau (University of Hong Kong)
'Loanword compression in Cantonese'
11:15-11:45 - Feng-fan Hsieh & Michael Kenstowicz (Massachusetts
Institute of Technology)
'Phonetic knowledge in tonal adaptation: Chinese and
English loanwords into Tibetan'
Session B - Syntax I
10:15-10:45 - Takashi Nakajima (Toyama Prefectural University)
'Aktionsart as an interface condition in LVC'
10:45-11:15 - Hee-Don Ahn (Konkuk University) & Yongjoon Cho (University
of Southern California)
'Semantic identity vs. phonological identity: Some
implications for verb-less coordination in Korean'
11:15-11:45 - Lawrence Cheung (University of California at Los Angeles)
'Obligatory XP-raising in Cantonese: evidence from the dislocation focus
11:45-1:15 - Lunch
1:15-2:15 - Invited Speaker
San Duanmu, University of Michigan
'A two-accent model of Japanese word prosody'
2:15-3:15 - Parallel Sessions
Session A - Phonology
2:15-2:45 - Tsung-ying Chen (National Chung Cheng University)
'Revisiting Yantai Tone Sandhi'
2:45-3:15 - Ting Zeng (City University of Hong Kong)
'''Voicing''-tone interaction in Xiangxiang Chinese'
Session B - Plurals I
2:15-2:45 - Eugenia Suh (University of Toronto)
'Korean -tul 'plural' in Korean heritage language speakers'
2:45-3:15 - So-Young Park (University of Southern California)
'Plural marking in classifier languages: A case study of the so-called plural
marking -tul in Korean'
3:15-3:30 - Coffee Break
3:30-4:30 - Parallel Sessions
Session A - Korean Semantics
3:30-4:00 - Min-Joo Kim (Texas Tech University)
'Revisiting the relevancy condition on internally headed relatives in Korean'
4:00-4:30 - EunHee Lee & Jeongmi Choi, (State University of New York at
'Two 'now's in Korean'
Session B - Plurals II
3:30-4:00 - Xiaofei Zhang (Michigan State University)
'Associative plurals are not exceptional'
4:00-4:30 - Marie-Thérèse Vinet & Xiaoyan Liu (Université de Sherbrooke)
'Plurality in Chinese with a restricted class of noun-classifier word
4:30-5:30 - Invited Speaker
Chung-Hye Han, Simon Fraser University
'An experimental investigation into the placement of the verb in Japanese
and Korean'
Saturday, November 11th, 2006
9:00-10:00 - Invited Speaker
Shigeto Kawahara, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
'Phonetic naturalness and unnaturalness in Japanese loanword phonology'
10:00-10:15 - Coffee Break
10:15-11:45 - Parallel Sessions
Session A - Loanwords II
10:15-10:45 - Hyunsoon Kim (Hongik University)
'A feature-driven non-native percept in the loanword adaptation between
Japanese and Korean'
10:45-11:15 - Katrin Dohlus (Humboldt University of Berlin, Kobe University)
'Asymmetries in loanword adaptation: The role of perception'
11:15-11:45 - Yen-Hwei Lin (Michigan State University)
'Variable vowel adaptation in standard Mandarin loanwords'
Session B - Syntax II
10:15-10:45 - Li-jen Shih (Michigan State University)
'Sluicing and the base-generation positions of wh-phrases in Mandarin'
10:45-11:15 - Edith Aldridge (Northwestern University)
'Wh-in situ and the emergence of wh-variables in Chinese''
11:15-11:45 - Yasutada Sudo (University of Tokyo)
'Japanese Wh-doublets as metalinguistic variable
11:45-1:15 - Lunch Loanword Discussion
1:15-2:15 - Invited Speaker
John Whitman, Cornell University
'The origins of the Japanese verb conjugation classe
2:15-3:15 - Parallel Sessions
Session A - Japanese Semantics I
2:15-2:45 - Masahiko Aihara (University of Connecticut)
'The scope of '-est': Evidence from Japanese'
2:45-3:15 - J.-R. Hayashishita (University of Otago)
'Comparisons of deviation in Japanese'
Session B - Syntax III
2:15-2:45 - Seungwan Ha (Boston University)
'The VP spell-Out domain and scope rigidity'
2:45-3:15 - Sachie Kotani (University of Delaware)
'Contrastive set defined by phase'
3:15-3:30 - Coffee Break
3:30-4:30 - Parallel Sessions
Session A - Japanese Semantics II
3:30-4:00 - Hideaki Yamashita (Yokohama National University)
'On the interpretation and licensing of sika-NPIs in Japanese and the syntax-
prosody interface'
4:00-4:30 - Masakazu Kuno (Harvard University)
'Negation, focus and negative concord in Japanese'
Session B - Syntax IV
3:30-4:00 - Reiko Vermeulen (University College London)
'Licensing external possession in Korean'
4:00-4:30 - Minjeong Son (University of Tromsø)
'Directed motion and a non-predicative Path P in Korean'
4:30-5:30 - Invited Speaker
James Huang, Harvard University
'Analyticity: Variation and Change'
Sunday, November 12th, 2006
9:00-10:00 - Invited Speaker
Michael Kenstowicz & Chiyoun Park, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
'Laryngeal features and tone in Kyungsang Korean: a phonetic study'
10:00-10:15 - Coffee Break
10:15-11:45 - Parallel Sessions
Session A - Korean Phonology
10:15-10:45 - Alexei Kochetov (Simon Fraser University), Marianne Pouplier
(University of Edinburgh), Minjung Son (Yale University)
'Variability and gradience in Korean place assimilation'
10:45-11:15 - Lan Kim & John Alderete (Simon Fraser University)
'Why /h/ and aspirates are different in Korean'
11:15-11:45 - Stuart Davis (Indiana University) & Hyunsook Kang (Hanyang
'Paradigm uniformity and anti-correspondence in Korean: The case of word-
final [t]'
Session B - Syntax V
10:15-10:45 - Martha McGinnis (University of Calgary)
'A new look at Japanese and Korean scrambling'
10:45-11:15 - Michiya Kawai (Huron University College, University of
Western Ontario)
'Alleged small clauses in Japanese (that aren't)'
11:15-11:45 - Yasuyuki Fukutomi (Fukushima University)
'Japanese alternative questions and intervention effects in DP'
11:45-12:45 - Invited Speaker
Mamoru Saito, T.-H. Jonah Lin, Keiko Murasugi, Nanzan University
'N'-ellipsis and the structure of noun phrases in Chinese and Japanese'
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Tried the thin crust recipe twice using bread flour this afternoon. Both times it did not mix; basically forming a big lump of mostly dry dough. Don't know if it is my bread flour or too little water(?). Am I not doing something right?
Used the same recipe yesterday and ended with the same dry dough that took twenty minutes in a Cuisinart stand mixer to form the same mass you describe. After reply's to my post(see Dough Problem in new member section) it was determined that the thin crust pizza recipe that we both used needs to be modified. The 3/4 cup of water is less than is needed for the dough to come together. Does anyone know how to contact the author of that recipe so it can be changed but I am waiting for an answer on the proper amount of water to use with 31/2 cups of bread flour.


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Sunday, January 20, 2013
Pertinent regions
Vice President Joe Biden, center, works with volunteers, filling care kits with necessities for deployed U.S. service members, wounded warriors, veterans and first responders, joining the National Day of Service as part of the 57th presidential inauguration in Washington, January 19, 2013. Army Capt. Cesar J. Visurraga, US Army Nurse Corps, is at left.
AP PhotoPhotographer:


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Photography by Richard Reinsdorf
Shot by Palm Beach Illustrated on location at Signature Flight Support at the Boca Raton Airport.
Dress with flower detail, Prada, Bal Harbour, special order, Saks Fifth Avenue, Palm Beach, Boca Raton; earrings, Dolce & Gabbana, Bal Harbour.
Color block print dress, heels, Fendi, Bal Harbour, special order Neiman Marcus, Palm Beach, Boca Raton; bib necklace, earrings, Sequin, Palm Beach.
Checked dress, jacket, bow headband, Louis Vuitton, Palm Beach, Palm Beach Gardens, Boca Raton; silver ball necklace, platform sandals, Chanel, Palm Beach, Palm Beach Gardens; sunglasses, Ralph Lauren, Palm Beach, Palm Beach Gardens, Boca Raton.
Tunic in black, green and white stripes, yellow stone and ribbon necklace, Marni, Miami; yellow python heels, Gucci, Palm Beach, Palm Beach Gardens.
Green and white striped dress, jacket, sunglasses, Dolce & Gabbana, Bal Harbour; cuff, earrings, Sequin, Palm Beach.
Net dress, tweed jacket, Chanel, Palm Beach, Palm Beach Gardens; heels, Salvatore Ferragamo, Palm Beach, Palm Beach Gardens; necklace, earrings, Sequin, Palm Beach.
Sportmax black and white chevron print dress, Max Mara, Palm Beach; leather belt, Dolce & Gabanna, Bal Harbour; silver ball necklace, Chanel, Palm Beach, Palm Beach Gardens.
Sequined pants, knit sweater, Etro, Coral Gables; earrings, Marni, Miami; necklace, cuff, Sequin, Palm Beach.
Melon tunic, pants, yellow beaded necklace, earrings, Gucci, Palm Beach, Palm Beach Gardens; Fendi color block print handbag, special order, Saks Fitfh Avenue, Palm Beach Gardens.
Giambattista Valli dot print dress, special order, Saks Fifth Avenue, Palm Beach; necklace, Marni, Miami; cuff, Sequin, Palm Beach.
Fashion Editor: Katherine Lande
Model: Mila, MC2 Model Management, New York
Hair & Makeup: Luis Beltran, Ford Artists, Miami
Photography Assistants: Danny Luna, Stephen Biwald
PBI would like to extend a special thanks to Mike Kline and the staff at Signature Flight Support for their generous hospitality. Signature Flight Support, Boca Raton Airport (BCT), signatureflight.com, ARINC 131.65