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Debates of March 26th, 2001
House of Commons Hansard #36 of the 37th Parliament, 1st Session. (The original version is on Parliament's site.) The word of the day was children.
- Points Of Order
- International Child Abduction
- Youth Criminal Justice Act
- Division No. 36
- The Economy
- Health
- Winter Sports
- Arts And Culture
- Correctional Service Canada
- David McTaggart
- University Hockey
- French Language Services
- Business Development Bank Of Canada
- Via Rail
- Tobacco Advertising
- Prime Minister
- Curling
- Herbert Rice
- Prime Minister
- Foreign Affairs
- Multiculturalism
- Prime Minister
- Multiculturalism
- Prime Minister
- Multiculturalism
- The Environment
- Multiculturalism
- Prime Minister
- Presence In Gallery
- Points Of Order
- Committees Of The House
- Petitions
- Questions On The Order Paper
- Youth Criminal Justice Act
- Division No. 37
- Judges Act
- Division No. 38
Division No. 36
Government Orders
1:15 p.m.
Ghislain Lebel Chambly, QC
Mr. Speaker, I congratulate my colleague for this most interesting speech. She was just telling us that some people within the justice system were opposed to the introduction of this bill, whatever the member opposite may say.
I would like her to tell us who are these serious stakeholders who have spoken out against the bill. I would be interested in knowing if the Barreau du Québec, the professional body of which the member opposite who is shouting so loud is a member, has expressed its views on this issue. I would like the member to tell us.
Division No. 36
Government Orders
1:20 p.m.
Pierrette Venne Saint-Bruno—Saint-Hubert, QC
Mr. Speaker, a whole group of witnesses from Quebec told us unanimously that they were opposed to this bill.
Indeed, the Barreau du Québec appeared as a witness. We also heard from all the groups that are directly involved in this field. We heard from Cécile Toutant, a well known criminology professor at the Université de Montréal. She came to tell us how this bill would be harmful to our young people and that we should continue to apply the law as it is in Quebec. I think that was a unanimous opinion in Quebec.
Maybe the member opposite has not heard those views but I think she will have the opportunity to hear them when the bill reaches committee stage.
Division No. 36
Government Orders
1:20 p.m.
John Maloney Parliamentary Secretary to Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada
Mr. Speaker, I should like to address some deeply disturbing comments that were made when the bill was last before the House at second reading.
We have heard many comments from the benches opposite about the need for decorum and restraint in the House. The line of parliamentary respectability was crossed when the member for Berthier—Montcalm singled out a particular official of the Department of Justice and attacked the individual personally. Perhaps he may not agree with the point of view of the individual, but he should not denigrate those who cannot stand in this place to defend themselves. It lowers the level of debate in the House.
If the member's arguments are so compelling against Bill C-7 on substance, let these arguments stand on their own. His views should be considered on their own value. We do not need to debase this place with personal recriminations. The member for Berthier-Montcalm made comments that were extremely unparliamentary and the individual targeted had no opportunity to rebut those allegations.
I will now address the youth criminal justice act. One may ask why we need a new youth justice legislation? The youth justice system under the Young Offenders Act is not working as well as it should for Canadians. Too many young people are charged and often incarcerated with questionable results. Procedural protections for young people are not adequate and too many youth end up serving custodial sentences with adults.
The overarching principles are unclear and conflicting. There are disparities and unfairness in youth sentencing. Interventions are not appropriately targeted to the seriousness of the offences. They are not adequately meaningful for individual offenders and victims or adequately supportive of rehabilitation and reintegration.
The proposed youth criminal justice act attempts to address these fundamental flaws. First, with regard to targeting responses of the youth justice system to the seriousness of the offence, Canada's failure to target the most serious interventions to the most serious crimes has resulted in one of the highest youth incarceration rates in the world. The proposed law would provide a statutory framework through principles, presumption, new sentencing and front end options, so that serious violent offenders are treated seriously and constructive measures are available for the vast majority of less serious offences.
The presumption in favour of an adult sentence for the offences of murder, attempted murder, manslaughter and aggravated sexual assault has been expanded to include repeat serious violent offences. While an adult sentence could be applied to youth 14 years old and above under the Young Offenders Act, the presumptions would now apply to them as well unless a province or territory opts for a higher age.
Privacy protections currently do not apply to youth receiving adult sentences, and this would be continued. Where a youth is convicted of one of the most serious presumptive offences and receives a youth sentence rather than an adult sentence, the privacy protections would not apply unless the judge ruled otherwise.
Enhanced options for police and crown discretion at the front end, together with statutory presumptions about when the formal court process and custody are not be used, will lead to meaningful, effective and faster resolutions of the majority of less serious offending behaviour.
The overall effect of this targeted youth justice system should be fewer young people being put through the formal justice system and receiving custody sentences for less serious offences and an overall reduction in our youth custody rates. It would also clarify the principles of the youth justice system.
The proposed youth criminal justice act sets out the purpose of the youth justice system through its principles. Unlike the Young Offenders Act, the principles of the new bill would provide clear direction, establish structure for the application of principles and thereby resolve inconsistencies. The new principles would reinforce that the criminal justice system for youth is different from the one for adults. It emphasizes preventing crime, ensuring meaningful consequences for offending behaviour, and rehabilitating and reintegrating the young person as the ways it would contribute to the protection of society.
It would ensure fairness and proportionality in sentencing. The sentencing principles in the proposed law would provide a clear, consistent and coherent code for youth sentences. They are intended to reduce disparity and reflect a fundamentally fairer approach to sentencing. Unlike the Young Offenders Act, the new legislation states that the purpose of sentencing is to hold a young person accountable for the offence committed by imposing meaningful consequences and promoting the rehabilitation and reintegration of the young person.
To reverse the current unfairness, the new law would provide that the punishment imposed on a young person must not be greater than what would be appropriate for an adult in similar circumstances. Given the significant disparity between what similarly situated youth receive for similar offences, principles of proportionality among youth sentences are included in the new legislation. Proportionality sets the framework or limits within which the needs of the young person committing the offence are to be addressed through the criminal justice system to achieve rehabilitation and reintegration.
It would respect and protect rights. The Young Offenders Act does not adequately respect the rights of young people. It would provide that a youth could be transferred to an adult court before conviction and lose age appropriate due process protections including privacy protections on the basis of an unproven charge.
Transfer proceedings have lasted as long as two years, which impedes access to a speedy trial. Once transferred into the adult stream, youth as young as 14 could be required to serve their sentences in adult provincial or federal correctional facilities at the discretion of the judge.
The proposed law would address these shortcomings by providing that all the proceedings against a youth take place in the youth court where age appropriate due process protections apply. The hearing on the appropriateness of an adult sentence would only occur after a finding of guilt and all the evidence about the offence had been heard. The youth justice procedure for the most serious offences would be speedier, retain age appropriate due process protection and be more respectful of the presumption of innocence.
Bill C-7 also includes the presumption that if under 18 a youth would serve an adult sentence in a youth facility. This is more consistent with the spirit of the United Nations convention on the rights of the child, which is expressly referenced in the preamble of the new legislation.
It would enable meaningful consequences aimed at rehabilitation. While youth may know that their behaviour is wrong, they may not fully understand the nature and consequences of their acts for themselves and for others. Some young people lack the structure, guidance and support in their communities needed to change behavioural patterns and overcome damaging influences.
Many of the new provisions in the proposed youth criminal justice act would allow for individualized interventions that instruct the youth. Police, crowns and judges would be given statutory authority to warn and caution young people that their behaviour was not acceptable and more serious consequences may follow if they repeat that behaviour.
Conferencing is encouraged at many stages of the process, which could allow the young person to be a participant in a process with victims, family members and others to learn about the consequences of his or her behaviour and to develop ways to make amends.
The range of sentencing options would be expanded. In addition to sentences that allow the young person to attempt to repair some of the harm caused through restitution, compensation, community service orders, there would also be new sentences that provide for close supervision and support in the community.
Changed behaviour in the community is key to addressing youth crime. These sentences include attendance orders, intensive support, supervision orders, and deferred custody and supervision orders. The proposed law would also provide a new sentence for the most violent and troubled youth stressing rehabilitation and support. It is a serious commitment to the protection of society by making every effort to stop the recurrence of the most violent youth conduct.
It would support reintegration after custody. A major flaw of the Young Offenders Act is that it currently does not provide sufficient provisions for a safe, graduated reintegration into the community.
The proposed law would include provisions to assist a young person's reintegration into the community, which protects the public by guarding against further crime. It would provide that periods of incarceration will be followed by periods of supervision in the community through custody and supervision orders. To ensure truth in sentencing and clarity for the young person, at the time of imposing a sentence, the judge would state in open court the portion of time that was to be served in custody and the portion to be served in the community. Breaching conditions of the community supervision could result in the youth being returned to custody.
Studies demonstrate that treatment is more effective if delivered in the community instead of in custody. The reintegration provisions encourage continuity between the custody and the community portions of the sentence through increased reintegration planning, which takes into account the youth's needs throughout the whole sentence and, through reintegration, leaves for specific purposes of up to 30 days.
It would encourage an inclusive approach to youth crime. The youth justice system under the Young Offenders Act has been criticized for not appropriately involving victims, parents, family, community and representatives from other disciplines. Youth crime is often a complex phenomenon. Involving others can improve understanding and provide support for the victims, youths, families and communities in responding constructively and meaningfully to the offending behaviour.
The proposed law specifically encourages conferences at many stages of the proceedings, including those involving the police, sentencing judges and provincial directors. Some conferences may involve bringing together professionals such as child care workers, school psychologists or others who are already involved with the youth to seek advice and verify continuity of services. Others may be in the nature of sentencing circles or family group conferences involving victims, offenders and their families.
The proposed law would also expand the possible mandates of youth justice committees. These are committees of citizens who can assist in any aspect of the administration of the act or in any program or service for young people. They can encourage community members and agencies to take an active role in supporting constructive resolutions to the victims, families, youth and others implicated by youth crime.
The proposed youth criminal justice act corrects fundamental weaknesses of the Young Offenders Act and will result in a fair and more effective youth justice system.
In the time left, I would like to comment on some of the specific provisions of the bill as they relate to the publication of names. This is a contentious element of youth justice policy, with some arguing for publication in all cases and some opposing it in all cases. Some argue the public needs to know who the criminals are in order to protect itself from them. They argue protection of society requires the press to publish the names of all those who commit an offence.
Before accepting the argument, we should also ask ourselves how much additional protection society gets from the publication of names of adults. Unless we know the person named, or the case is of such importance that it is in the paper for weeks or months, do we pay much attention when we read in the paper the name of a person prosecuted for or found guilty of a particular offence? I am not sure we do. In most cases, a few minutes after reading it, we have already forgotten the name. This hardly can be a factor contributing to the protection of society.
Another argument against the ban of publication of names is that it is contrary to an open justice system and to the freedom of the press. It is important to emphasize that the youth justice system is an open justice system. Members of the public can attend and the press can report every detail of the case and the rendering of justice, except for information which would identify the youth. I am sure that we all recognize that freedom of the press is an important element of a free and democratic society. It should only be limited by law and in a reasonable manner that can be justified in a free and democratic society.
The current legislation governing young offenders, the Young Offenders Act, prohibits publication in all cases where the youth is dealt with in the youth system. The provisions prohibiting publication were challenged almost as soon as the Young Offenders Act came into force. The courts have decided that the provisions were a reasonable limitation on the freedom of the press and therefore valid legislation. The courts came to that conclusion because they recognized that the rehabilitation of the youth was an important enough societal objective to require balancing the right to the freedom of the press with this objective rehabilitation of the youth.
The new legislation would continue to allow publication of offenders' names in all cases where a youth was sentenced to an adult penalty. It would also continue to protect the names of the great majority of youth who commit offences and are sentenced to a youth penalty. It will be an offence to publish their names even after they became adults, unless the youth court considers them to fall under two very exceptional circumstances. First, if a youth is charged with a serious offence and is considered dangerous at large and publication is necessary to apprehend the youth, then the case publication would be allowed for five days.
Second, the youth has asked to be able to publish and the court is convinced it would be in the best interests of the youth to publish information about his or her experience with the youth criminal justice system.
In the first case the judge will authorize the police to publish for five days the name of the youth wanted. In the second case the judge will authorize the youth who asked permission to do so to publish information or cause the information to be published on his or her being dealt with in the criminal justice system. Once the youth has made the information public it is no longer protected.
Under the proposed legislation the presumption in favour of privacy would not apply to a very small category of youth who receive youth sentences. The names of youth who would be given a youth sentence for a presumptive office of murder, attempted murder, manslaughter, aggravated sexual assault or repeat violent offences could be published unless the judge prohibits publication.
The youth court judge would prohibit publication in two instances. First, when the youth or the crown applied for a publication ban and the judge considers it appropriate in light of the importance of rehabilitating the youth in the public interest. Second, when the crown gave notice that even though it was a presumptive offence, the crown would not seek an adult penalty. The crown would do so when it was convinced that the circumstances of the offence or of the offender did not warrant an adult penalty. In that case the judge would impose a youth penalty would prohibit publication.
The legislation would not only protect the privacy of young offenders but also prohibit publication of names of youth who were victims of young offenders, and the names of youth who were witnesses in a young person's trial. The youth victim or witness could only publish information on their role in the criminal justice system when they became an adult, with the permission of the court before that time, or with the consent of his or her parent.
I believe these provisions strike an appropriate balance between the freedom of the press, which is a fundamental right in a democratic society, and the interest of society in protecting itself by the rehabilitation of young persons who have committed offences.
I will address one other area on the issue of adult sentences. Under the Young Offenders Act, if a youth is 14 or older at the time of the alleged indictable offence, the provincial prosecutor can apply to have the youth transferred to adult court, as I have indicated. In addition, the Young Offenders Act sets out a category of presumptive offences which includes murder, attempted murder, manslaughter and aggravated sexual assault. It is presumed that the individuals charged with a presumptive offence who were 16 or 17 years old at the time the alleged offence occurred will be transferred to adult court and receive adult sentences.
When a youth is transferred to adult court, the rules applicable to adults apply to the youth and the special protections granted by the Young Offenders Act, including the ban on publication do not apply. In addition, a transfer hearing which takes place before the trial begins can significantly delay the start of the trial. Some transfer hearings, including appeals of the decision to transfer, have taken more than two years to complete. Such delays can be problematic because for most young people the consequences that follow closely after the offending conduct prove to be much more meaningful.
As under the Young Offenders Act, the proposed youth criminal justice act would allow prosecutors to seek to have an adult sentence imposed if a youth 14 or older were found guilty of an indictable offence. The youth criminal justice act maintains the category of presumptive offences in the Young Offenders Act, but extends the presumption to youths 14 or 17 and to serious repeat violence offences.
A youth charged with a presumptive offence has an opportunity to demonstrate to the youth court judge that the presumption should not apply. In addition, under the proposed youth criminal justice act, provincial prosecutors would have the discretion to waive the presumption in an individual case, in which case the judge must impose a youth sentence.
Under the Young Offenders Act the crown must make an application to waive the presumption and the decision rests with the judge. The provincial attorney general could also issue guidelines to prosecutors respecting the waiver of the presumption. Finally, through an order in council a province could raise the age of the application of the presumption from 14 to 15 or 16.
The bill eliminates the transfer to adult court and provides that all proceedings against a youth take place in youth court, where age appropriate due process protections apply, as I have already indicated. Hearings to determine whether a youth sentence or an adult sentence should be imposed would be held only after the youth has been found guilty. Therefore, the youth court judge would make the decision whether to impose a youth or adult sentence after all the evidence regarding the circumstances of the offence and the offender were put before the court.
This bill is a good bill. We look forward to hearing the comments today and moving forward with this legislation. The bill was before the House in the previous parliament and it is now time to get on with it. Canadians are demanding it and we should respond to their demands.
Division No. 36
Government Orders
1:40 p.m.
Canadian Alliance
Ken Epp Elk Island, AB
Mr. Speaker, the member dealt at length on the issue of naming young offenders. We support the idea that a person who has done something wrong ought to confess to it, make it right and make restitution, if it is a property crime, and do everything he or she can do to restore and build their character.
I would like the member to give us his rationale for including in this legislation that which has been practised in Canada for a number of years now. I am speaking of hiding the identity of a person who has been charged and convicted. It seems to me that it is part of accountability when someone admits that he or she did something wrong and asks for help. If the community knows who that person is that person can then go on to make a good life for himself or herself. That is what should be done. I am puzzled by Liberal insistence on keeping identities of young offenders secret.
Could the member comment on that?
Division No. 36
Government Orders
1:40 p.m.
John Maloney Erie—Lincoln, ON
Mr. Speaker, I certainly agree with the preamble to the member's question.
There is a certain stigmatization that goes with knowing the name of a young offender, especially when he or she has committed a minor crime. That certainly counteracts rehabilitation and reintegration, not only within the youth's community but within school as well. These people get targeted. Little Johnny is a bad boy so we should not associate with him. How can that help with the individual's reintegration into the community?
With regard to serious offences, I have already indicated that names will be and can be published.
Division No. 36
Government Orders
1:40 p.m.
Reg Alcock Winnipeg South, MB
Mr. Speaker, if I might add to the comment made by the parliamentary secretary, I think he is quite right in what he said about stigmatization.
We must remember that youth are, by definition, in a protected category. We do not assign to youth the same rights and responsibilities that we assign to other members of society. Children exist within families. Releasing the name of one member of a family who is having difficulties stigmatizes the entire family. The entire body of youth justice is built on the basis of rehabilitation.
As the parliamentary secretary has indicated, it is true that there are circumstances in which youth who are determined to be a danger in the community may need to be identified. However, that is an exception rather than the rule.
Division No. 36
Government Orders
1:40 p.m.
Canadian Alliance
Kevin Sorenson Crowfoot, AB
Mr. Speaker, before I proceed to speak to Bill C-7, the youth criminal justice act, I would like to take this opportunity to commend my colleague from Surrey North for his prompt and critical review of this rehashed piece of legislation.
As a new member of parliament in this 37th parliament, I also want to commend him for the wealth of information that he made available to us, especially in the justice committee, and for the many times he has helped us out. We appreciate that. I would also like to commend him also for his diligent efforts over the last three years in holding the Liberal government accountable for its failure to bring about immediate and substantive changes to the young offenders act.
My Alliance colleague lends credibility to this debate. He turned a personal tragedy, the death of his son, into a crusade. Starting with the establishment of a new group called CRY, crime, responsibility and youth, the member for Surrey North succeeded in drawing attention to the inadequacies of the youth justice system and its failure to hold young people responsible for their criminal actions.
Since his election to the House in 1997, he has utilized his wealth of information and exercised diplomacy while working with members of all sides of the House to amend bills, especially those bills that preceded Bill C-7.
I also congratulate the member for Provencher for his election to the House and for his appointment as lead justice critic for the Canadian Alliance.
The former Manitoba attorney general's speech earlier this month clearly demonstrated his experience and knowledge regarding the Young Offenders Act. I also appreciated his references to federal-provincial financial agreements and how they have come to play a part in the bill.
In June 1997 the justice minister promised to make amending the Young Offenders Act a priority. Nearly three and a half years later Canadians are still saddled with an ineffective law that has failed to adequately hold young people accountable for criminal behaviour. In 1997 the minister realized the need to amend the act. She said, and it was publicized, that it was clearly the most unpopular legislation in Canada.
More than five years ago, following the 10th anniversary of the Young Offenders Act, the Standing Committee on Justice and Legal Affairs initiated a review of the justice system. After months of cross country hearings, submissions and presentations by people with a vested interest in youth justice, and at a cost of almost half a million dollars, the committee tabled a report in April 1997. The report contained a number of recommendations to amend the Young Offenders Act.
In dissent, the Canadian Alliance presented a minority report which contained a number of recommendations we believed were important. Unlike those of the committee, my party's recommendations dealt with and fell exclusively within federal jurisdiction.
Unfortunately I do not have time to go into all the recommendations and details of our report. However I will use my allotted time to deal with some of the more important or significant points of it.
The most important recommendation was to make the protection of society the guiding principle of the youth criminal justice act. We live in a time when individuals, boards, committees and businesses are all looking to come up with a mission statement or guiding principle which, as they focus on the direction they are taking, they can keep in mind.
The top priority and guiding principle of Bill C-7 needs to be the protection of society. Appearing before the Standing Committee on Justice and Legal Affairs in October 1996, Mr. Victor Doerkson, a member of the Alberta legislature for Red Deer South, said:
In listening to Albertans, one lesson became very clear. The protection of society should take priority over all other considerations and there must be accountability on the part of all offenders—Alberta also recommends that the declaration of principles within the act be amended to give the protection of society and offender accountability priority over all other considerations.
The member of the legislature, who spoke on behalf of many Albertans, said the people were telling him that protection of society must be the guiding principle. Bill C-7 does not do that. It does not, as recommended by the Alberta MLA and many others who appeared before the standing committee, make protection of society the first and guiding principle of the youth justice act.
According to the declaration of principles, safety and security of Canadians is secondary to the rehabilitation and reintegration of the offender back into society.
The Juvenile Delinquents Act came into effect in 1908. It created an informal juvenile justice system that was separate from the adult system. The guiding principles of the Child Welfare Act were that young offenders were not criminals but rather misguided children in "a condition of delinquency". Because of that condition of delinquency they were not to be punished. They were rather to be treated. That was the guiding principle of the Juvenile Delinquents Act.
Under the Juvenile Delinquents Act there was no specific sentencing and the judges had very significant discretion in dealing with young offenders. This meant that in some jurisdictions judges handed out extremely stiff sentences, including periods of incarceration for fairly minor crimes, while in other jurisdictions light sentences of open custody were given to violent offenders.
This is unfair. It is unfair to the offender. It is unfair to the victim. It is unfair to the public at large as there was no guarantee in the law that the offender would be incarcerated.
Recognizing that the exclusively welfare oriented focus of the Juvenile Delinquents Act was not appropriate and to reduce judicial discretion, the process of reforming the Juvenile Delinquents Act began in the 1960s. It was not, however, until the early 1980s with the introduction of the famous charter of rights and freedoms that major juvenile delinquent reform became inevitable.
The Juvenile Delinquents Act was inconsistent with the emphasis on due process that was in the charter. In particular, it was considered to be contrary to section 15 of the charter of rights and freedoms which came into effect in 1985. Section 15 guaranteed equality before the law.
Besides failing to make the protection of society the guiding principle in the bill, it would also effectively enact the contentious portion of the Juvenile Delinquents Act that wrongfully promoted an inequitable application of criminal law, in that it would provide far too much discretion to the youth courts.
We on this side of the House do not accept the Liberal government's chequerboard approach to the justice that appears to be at the very crux of the youth criminal justice act. We also do not accept the minister's outright rejection of what I consider to be the next two most important principles or recommendations of my party for amending the Young Offenders Act.
The minister has again refused to lower the age of criminality to encompass 10 and 11 year olds in limited circumstances. She has rejected allowing for the publication of the names of all violent offenders. The only way to ensure the safety of our children and grandchildren is to provide parents with the names of violent and dangerous offenders.
We do not have that right now. I listened with great interest to speech of the parliamentary secretary as he elaborated on what may happen if we had those rights. As parents, we need to know who in the school systems, for example, may be threatening our children or perhaps those in schools associating with our children that they need to be careful of. The only way to ensure the safety of our children and grandchildren is to provide the names of these children.
Also the bill does not, and I believe it should, allow the names of drug dealers to be put on that list. This category of offender has wrongly been missed in the new legislation.
Many Canadian schools, including public schools, are faced with serious troubles. We had representation from the school trustee boards that came around and visited with many members of parliament in the last week. They expressed the need to know who the students are in the school systems that perhaps have been through violent offences or are in trouble with the law.
Drugs are a serious problem in schools. According to a 1999 special edition of the province in Burnaby, British Columbia, police are seeing 13 and 14 year old kids selling crack cocaine. The report went on as well to say that girls of the same age were trading sex for drugs.
The same report revealed that 75% of high school students in Coquitlam, B.C., experiment with drugs. An estimated 10% of them misuse drugs on a regular basis and up to half of them have become addicted.
We as parents have the right to know who our children are associating with. We have the right to know if a convicted drug dealer is attending school with our children. We have the right to know if there is a violent young sex offender living three or four houses down the street.
We have the right to know. We must have the right to protect our children. That is why we on this side of the House believe that the names of violent offenders, including drug dealers, should be published.
With regard to lowering the age of criminality to 10, Professor Nicholas Bala of Queen's University, who appeared before the standing committee on justice, summarized a Statistics Canada survey of 27 police forces in Canada.
The data indicated that offending behaviour by children under the age of 12 was very significant. Despite this fact, authorities are powerless to hold these children legally responsible for their criminal actions. Although a number of provinces have a child welfare system that can and does deal with these children adequately, many provinces do not have such a program. Repeatedly witnesses came before the standing committee on justice and bore witness to the fact that violent offences with a welfare response was inappropriate.
Lowering the age to 10 does not mean that there will be a huge influx of 10 and 11 year olds into the system. It does not mean that we will be inundated with 10 and 11 year olds as they are drawn into the justice system. The system can divert most children of this age away from any formal response, particularly with the support of alternative measures or community based programs.
By amending the age we will in the very few cases of violent offenders have the means to provide these children with the rehabilitation they need. As it stands now, the minister has abandoned 10 and 11 year olds who by committing criminal acts signal that they are in need of help.
As we researched a speech for an earlier debate in the House we noticed that many criminals were taking advantage of the fact that 10 and 11 year olds were not touched by the justice system. They were drawing them in to be drug runners in other ways. If these people are falling through the cracks they need to be helped.
Appearing before the standing committee during its indepth review of the Young Offenders Act, in reference to lowering the age, a representative from Citizens Against Violence said:
Preferably I would like to see the age in the Young Offenders Act lowered to 10, because there's a mindset among today's youth who are becoming well educated in the criminal field that they cannot be touched under the age of 12—We would like to see the age lowered so that the kids themselves know they have to face responsibility for their actions.
The last recommendation I should like to touch on today is the need to differentiate between non-violent crime and violent crime for the purpose of sentencing. We on this side of the House recommend that the minister restrict the use of alternative measures or community based programs to non-violent offenders who pose no threat to society.
We firmly believe that only through lengthy periods of incarceration, where there are effective rehabilitation programs including education, will violent offenders cease to be dangerous.
The Economy
Statements By Members
1:55 p.m.
John McCallum Markham, ON
Mr. Speaker, one thing that drives me moderately up the wall is declarations on the Canadian dollar by that well known economic guru, the Leader of the Opposition.
The quickest way to get a 50 cent dollar would be a return to the huge deficits the Alliance was calling for during the last election campaign.
On the other hand, if a stronger dollar is what we want, the only thing that can be done in the short term is to raise interest rates, and that would be the worst possible thing to do.
I have two suggestions for the Leader of the Opposition. First, he should do what good little right wing parties do and trust the markets to determine the value of the Canadian dollar, given that this is a time of U.S. dollar strength rather than Canadian dollar weakness.
Second, at this time of economic turbulence he should stop trashing the Canadian economy on the floor of the House of Commons.
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Canadian Alliance
Rick Casson Lethbridge, AB
Mr. Speaker, the foot and mouth epidemic that has gripped the United Kingdom and parts of Europe continues to spread. This highly contagious disease, although not harmful to humans, has devastated the livestock industries in the affected countries.
Canada has been foot and mouth free for 50 years. It is critical to keep Canada a foot and mouth free zone. If foot and mouth were transported to Canada, our export of almost all livestock would be immediately curtailed. The costs of lost exports and the expenses of disease control are estimated to be in the range of $20 billion in the first year alone.
I implore the government to take all the precautions necessary to protect our dairy, beef, hog and sheep operations, indeed, all our primary and secondary livestock operations, from annihilation. Producer groups and individuals are implementing their own precautions and need to be supported in their efforts by real government action.
A national strategy involving all government ministries is needed to battle this outbreak. Decisive action is needed now.
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Nancy Karetak-Lindell Nunavut, NU
Mr. Speaker, I am very happy to announce that the Government of Canada is investing $3.7 million in the Ikajuruti Inungnik Ungasiktumi Network, which is a tele-health service developed by the Nunavut Department of Health and Social Services.
Given the distances involved in Nunavut, tele-health is a welcome tool in helping to provide accessible health care and related social services to Nunavummiut.
The $3.7 million from Health Canada's infrastructure partnerships program shows how the federal Minister of Health is working together with the Nunavut minister of health and social services and showing a commitment to improving the quality and accessibility of health care for Nunavummiut.
Winter Sports
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Carole-Marie Allard Laval East, QC
Mr. Speaker, I rise with great pleasure today to congratulate one of the most acclaimed and recognized of our winter sports figures, Jean-Luc Brassard, a gold medal winner in the 1994 Winter Olympics.
Jean-Luc won the dual moguls event at the 2001 Canadian Freestyle Ski Championships this past Sunday at Mont-Gabriel in the Laurentians.
This is particularly good news, since Jean-Luc had surgery to his knee last year and is coming off rehabilitation.
Congratulations, Jean-Luc Brassard. We salute your perseverance and skill.
I would also like to report on an event I attended this past weekend, as part of the family cup.
For the third year in a row, thanks to the financial participation of our government, competitors from one family have been honoured and rewarded. I saw one race in which a 73-year old grandfather, his son and two grandchildren competed.
Congratulations to all the families that participated, and to the competition champions.
Arts And Culture
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Mauril Bélanger Ottawa—Vanier, ON
Mr. Speaker, I would like to thank the members of the House who will be at this evening's special screening of a new Canadian feature film entitled Café Olé .
The story, written by Emil Sher, who will be with us today, is a romantic comedy about a young man whose universe revolves around the video store where he works and the funky little coffee shop, his home away from home, all of this until he meets Alicia, a delightful young Chilean woman who works at the bookstore across town and, to know the rest, members will have to see the movie.
The film is the product of Montreal based Ficciones Films, the director, Richard Roy, and the distributor, France Film/Equinox Entertainment.
We are pleased to have with us today the representatives from the production and distribution teams, as well as three of the actors we will see in the movie, Mr. Andrew Tarbet, Mme. Stephanie Morgenstern and Mr. Dino Tavarone.
Please join me in wishing success to all those who have contributed to the making of Café Olé .
Correctional Service Canada
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Canadian Alliance
Gary Lunn Saanich—Gulf Islands, BC
Mr. Speaker, in January 1998, Patrick Lees violently murdered his wife, Laura, in their family home. Once convicted, he was assessed by Correctional Service Canada and sent to the William Head Penitentiary. I find it deplorable that Mr. Lees could be sent to a club fed, condo style penitentiary to begin his sentence.
My office submitted an access to information request over a year ago to obtain documents on this case, yet to date we have not received one scrap of paper. In fact, I met with the director general of the Information Commissioner's Office and was told that staff could not release anything because it would violate the murderer's rights.
Our justice system currently grants more rights to murderers than to the Canadian public, the victims and their families.
I ask the solicitor general to direct Correctional Service Canada, which has complete discretion to reassign any inmate to any institution at any time, to ensure that all people who have been convicted of murder serve at least two years in maximum security, even those who have been sentenced within the last two years.
David McTaggart
Statements By Members
March 26th, 2001 / 2:05 p.m.
Clifford Lincoln Lac-Saint-Louis, QC
Mr. Speaker, I wish to salute the memory of a Canadian and international hero, David McTaggart. He died before his time as the result of a car accident in Italy.
A giant of the global environmental movement, a precursor and a visionary, David McTaggart foresaw decades ago the threat to our planetary ecosystem as the defining issue of our time. At the risk of his life and displaying amazing courage, he challenged by his continuing presence the surface nuclear testing carried out by France in the South Pacific, which led to the eventual cessation of such tests.
This feat alone would have given him a place in history, but he was to go on to found Greenpeace International, no doubt the best known environmental organization and the most responsible for raising environmental consciousness in all parts of the world.
As Canadians, we owe a huge debt of gratitude to David McTaggart, environmental hero and a Canadian whose legacy will have marked not only our history but that of the world at large. I ask all Canadians to join with us in saluting his memory.
University Hockey
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Robert Lanctôt Châteauguay, QC
Mr. Speaker, yesterday, the Patriotes of the Université du Québec at Trois-Rivières have become the new Interuniversity Athletic Union champions. This is also the third time in their history they have won the championship. They beat the X-men of St. Francis Xavier 5 to 4 in the second overtime period.
I would like to congratulate the players and the coach, Jacques Laporte, and all who in one way or another helped these young people achieve their dream and share it with us. I congratulate them on their courage and their determination.
This is a fine example of courage and determination these young people have given us. It is an example that will inspire the young and not so young to go the extra bit and do it. This is the importance of sports.
Hats off to the Patriotes, to the UQTR and to Trois-Rivières.


text:
We offer what you need to achieve success. Come explore with us and find out why so many students have decided to call the Alamo Colleges the pathway to their future.
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8th Annual Create-A-Greeting-Card Scholarship
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JumpStart Scholarship Application
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The Kaplan Group Annual Scholarship
Jul. 26
Lo Bello Women's Association Scholarship
Aug. 8
Legal Leaders of Tomorrow Scholarship
Oct. 1
How To Make Your Car Last Forever – Scholarship Essay Contest
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Atlas Shrugged Essay Contest
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Make Me Laugh Scholarship
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Apr. 15
Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute
Apr 16
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Apr. 23
A Place for Mom Senior Care Innovation Scholarship
Dr. Alma S. Adams Scholarships
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Jack Kent Cooke Foundation Undergraduate Transfer Scholarship
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Adelante Scoring for Education Scholarship
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Adelante - Gilbert G. Pompa Memorial Endowed Scholarship (Pre-Law)
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subset: commoncrawl


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Barking is a dog's way of communicating, and it could mean a number of things. According to VCA Animal Hospitals, whether dogs are alerting other animals of their territorial dominance or experiencing frustration or anxiety, socialization and training are usually effective in preventing excessive barking.
In some instances, especially when a canine is older, more vocalization than usual could be caused by illness, disease-related pain and even hearing problems. Bring a dog to the animal hospital to determine whether a health problem is at the root of a barking problem. If there is an underlying medical issue, the vet may administer dog shots or prescribe medication.
Once medical causes have been ruled out, pet owners can watch for other behaviors that could help determine why their dog is more vocal. If they tear the house apart or eliminate inside while their owners are away, they may be suffering from separation anxiety, according to the ASPCA.
Also look for environmental clues such as when and where barking occurs. Objects, people or animals that trigger canine vocalization may help determine why they are barking and help you develop an effective training program. When a dog barks, VCA states it is important to never reward or reinforce the behavior, or the habit could be perpetuated. It is important to begin a training program where a dog is ignored when exhibiting bad barking behavior and rewarded for good quiet behavior. Teaching a canine to bark on command can be a good way to curb excessive barking as well.


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Women's Golf
Edean Ihlanfeldt Invitational
Wed., Oct 9
All day
All day
Watch Info
Not Available
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More: Edean Ihlanfeldt Invitational - Women's Golf
Golf Duo Earn Pac-12 All-Academic Honors
Childs, Gutierrez Named Honorable Mention
Pac-12 announces men's and women's golf all-academic teams
Following are the 2016 Pac-12 Conference Men's and Women's All-Academic teams, announced today by Commissioner Larry Scott. To be eligible for selection to the academic team, a student-athlete must have a minimum 3.0 overall grade-point average and appear in at least 50 percent of their team's events.
Li Completes Women's Golf Season At NCAAs
Freshman Claims Scoring Record In First Postseason
Li In Top 20 After Second Round Of NCAAs
Freshman Remains Under Pair, In Position To Advance
Li Tied For 11th After 1st Round of NCAAs
Bear Near Top Of Leaderboard After Strong Round
Tournament Preview: Marianne Li at NCAAs
Freshman Talks About Nationals, Family & First Year At Cal


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Pictorial banners created by the youth from islands of the South Pacific are focusing on the effects of climate change in their lives.
An exhibition of these photos and stories opened at the Fiji Museum today.
Portraits of Resilience is a photography project that works with youth and schools to document the effects of climate change in their local communities in both the Arctic and the Small Island Developing States.
Christine Germano, one of the professional photographers leading the project, has been working for the last few months in the islands of the south Pacific, seeking stories from young people from Tuvalu, Kiribati, the Marshall Islands, Samoa and Fiji.
And the stories and photos say for themselves the changes that occuring in these vulnerable islands.
Justin Hickes and Valerie Chute from the Suva Christian Community School in Fiji, talks of a waterlogged cemetery:
"The shoreline extended more than 150 meters out towards the open sea until 1995 when the sea level started rising covering everything in its path and causing families to move inland. A cemetery, which is now part of the ocean, is evidence of sea level rise..'
'All the graves now lie submerged in the ocean at high tide and at low tide they are exposed all topsy-turvy and covered in barnacles....'
'Foreigners and environmentalists have been monitoring the rise of the sea level and the rapid erosion of the land in Togoru but so far nothing has been done to fix this problem."
A sinking cemetery in Fiji. Photo credit: Justin Hickes/Valerie Chute
Portraits of Resilience in the local media
The Fiji Times announces the launch of the photography exhibit at the Fiji Museum
About the project
The Portraits of Resilience work in the south Pacific has been kindly sponsored by UNICEF, UNDP, and the Norwegian government. Besides working in the south Pacific, Portraits has worked with Arctic communities across Canada, Alaska, Greenland and Norway.
The project is part of the Many Strong Voices programme which links people in the Arctic and Small Island Developing States who are confronting climate change. The programme is jointly led by GRID-Arendal and CICERO-Oslo. Visit the online gallery at www.manystrongvoices.org.


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|Ashley Wagner skates in the ladies short program during the Skate America competition at the ShoWare Center on Oct. 20, 2012 in Kent, Washington.
It's that time of the year … winter sports are wrapping up with the World Figure Skating Championships in Canada, the World Women's Curling Championships in Latvia and some World Cup ski races taking place around the world, while summer sports — baseball, judo, triathlon, diving and more — are starting to kick into season. Check out this week's Team USA Weekend Preview for all of the details.
World Figure Skating Championships, March 10-17, London, Ont., Canada
Olympic silver medalists Meryl Davis and Charlie White hit a world-record score Thursday at the World Figure Skating Championships in London, Ont. Their short dance score of 77.12 put them in first place and also was the best short dance score in world championship history.
The five-time U.S. champions are attempting to reclaim the world championship they last won in 2011.
U.S. men's champion Max Aaron, who is making his world championship debut, enters the free program Friday in eighth place. He landed a quad en route to scoring 70.24 points in the short program. Ross Miner is in 14th place. The top U.S. pairs entering the free program are national silver medalists Alexa Scimeca and Chris Knierim, who are in 12th place. U.S. champions Marissa Castelli and Simon Shnapir are in 13th with the free skate today.
Ashley Wagner was in fifth place in the women's competition following a short program score of 63.98 on Thursday. Gracie Gold, making her worlds debut, was in ninth place. The women's free program is Saturday.
TV: 8:30 a.m.-10 p.m. and 11 p.m.-12:30 a.m. ET Friday; 4:30 p.m.-6 p.m. and 9:30 p.m.-11:30 p.m. Saturday, Universal Sports
Audi FIS Alpine World Cup Finals, March 13-17, Lenzerheide, Switzerland
Ted Ligety, who has already clinched the World Cup title in giant slalom, will go after yet another podium finish in the event on Saturday at the Audi FIS Alpine World Cup Finals in Switzerland. Ligety finished his super-G season Thursday with a seventh-place spot in the standings.
Teen skiing star Mikaela Shiffrin will race in the women's slalom Saturday. She is in second place in the season standings. The World Cup Finals conclude Sunday with Ligety and David Chodounsky racing in the men's slalom, and Julia Mancuso and Shiffrin in the women's giant slalom. Mancuso finished second in the super-G standings after Thursday's race was canceled due to poor weather conditions.
TV: 9 a.m.-10 a.m. and 11 a.m.-noon ET Saturday, Universal Sports
Also in skiing:
FIS World Cup Freestyle Skiing, men and women, March 15-17, Are, Sweden
Webcast: 5 a.m. ET Saturday and 9:30 a.m. Sunday, universalsports.com
FIS World Cup Ski Jumping, men and women, March 14-15, Trondheim, Norway, and March 16-17, Oslo, Norway
Webcast: 9:30 a.m. ET Sunday, universalsports.com
FIS World Cup Nordic Combined, March 15-16, Oslo, Norway
Webcast: 4:30 a.m. ET Saturday, universalsports.com
FIS World Cup Cross Country, men and women, March 16-17, Oslo, Norway
Webcast: 9:15 a.m. ET Saturday and 6:45 a.m. Sunday, universalsports.com
IPC Nordic Skiing World Cup, March 14-21, Sochi
Titlis Glacier Mountain World Women's Curling Championship, March 16-24, Riga, Latvia
The United States rink, captained by Olympian Erika Brown, will begin play Saturday against Italy in the 2013 Titlis Glacier Mountain World Women's Curling Championship, presented by Ford Motor Company of Canada. Team USA is one of 12 nations competing at the Volvo Sports Centre in Riga, Latvia.
Brown is a 1998 Olympian and a two-time world medalist. She is competing at the worlds for the seventh time. Also on the team: Debbie McCormick, a three-time Olympian and 2003 world gold medalist; Jessica Schultz, a 2006 Olympian; Ann Swisshelm, a 2002 Olympian and 2003 world gold medalist; and Sarah Anderson, a member of the 2012 Winter Youth Olympic team.
Following Saturday's opening-round match, the United States will face Germany and Sweden on Sunday, Denmark and Canada on Monday, Switzerland and Japan on Tuesday, Latvia and China on Wednesday, and Scotland and Russia on Thursday. The medal round will be held March 24.
TV: 12:30 p.m. ET Monday, Universal Sports
Webcast: 1 p.m. ET Saturday, universalsports.com
Also in curling:
USA Curling Mixed National Championship, March 16-23, Willmar, Minn.
World Curling Tour, Pomeroy Inn & Suites Prairie Showdown, March 14-17, Grande Prairie, Alberta
FIS World Cup Snowboarding, men's and women's slopestyle, March 15-16, Spindleruv Mlyn, Czech Republic
The boarding begins Friday for slopestylers in the FIS World Cup in Spindleruv Mlyn, Czech Republic. The competition goes through Saturday.
Webcast: 9 a.m. ET Saturday, universalsports.com
Also in snowboarding:
FIS World Cup, men's and women's snowboard cross, March 15-17, Veysonnaz, Switzerland
FIS World Cup, men's and women's parallel giant slalom, March 16, La Molina, Spain
Webcast: 7 a.m. ET Saturday, universalsports.com
American Cup Short Track Speedskating Final, March 15-17, Omaha, Neb.
The American Cup Short Track Speedskating Final will take place from Friday through Sunday at the Moylan Tranquility Iceplex in Omaha, Neb. The National Age Group Short Track Speedskating Championships will be held at the same time.
World Baseball Classic, March 8-19, various sites
The United States will play Puerto Rico on Friday in an elimination game of the World Baseball Classic in Miami. A 3-1 loss Thursday to the Dominican Republic at Marlins Park placed Team USA in the elimination game.
If Team USA wins Friday night, it will move on to a seeding game Saturday at Marlins Park. The championship round of the tournament is Sunday through Tuesday at AT&T Park in San Francisco.
San Francisco Giants pitcher Ryan Vogelsong will start for Team USA in its game Friday, the second time in a week that it has faced an elimination game. The United States defeated Canada to move past the first round.
"We've done this before and I really don't have to tell them anything," Team USA manager Joe Torre said after Thursday's loss to the unbeaten Dominicans. "It was a tough game tonight and they beat our closer (Craig Kimbrel of the Atlanta Braves). There's not much you can say. … I mean, I'm not going to have to talk to our guys. They came ready to play and they continue to play hard."
TV: 7 p.m. ET Friday, MLB Network and ESPN Deportes
IBU World Cup, March 14-17, Khanty-Manslysk, Russia
Susan Dunklee finished 29th in the women's 7.5-kilometer sprint Thursday, opening the final World Cup event of the season in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia. Annelies Cook was 36th and Sara Studebaker was 66th.
Tim Burke, Lowell Bailey, Leif Nordgren and Russell Currier were to race in the men's 10k sprint Friday. The men's and women's pursuits will be held Saturday, followed by the mass start races Sunday.
"Even though it is the final stretch of the season, I am still experimenting with different ways to pace my race," said Dunklee, who will race in the women's pursuit with Cook. "Today (Thursday) I learned a little more about when and where to push over the tops of the hills."
World Cup, women's saber, March 15, Antalya, Turkey
Mariel Zagunis, who has won medals in each of her last four competitions including two individual golds, will be back in action Friday at the Antalya World Cup in Turkey. In the last two women's saber World Cups, Zagunis has won individual gold and team bronze. A three-time Olympian, she is the world's top-ranked women's saber fencer. At the Bologna World Cup two weeks ago, U.S. teammate Ibtihaj Muhammad won silver.
Also in fencing:
World Cup, men's epee, March 15, Tallinn, Estonia
Grand Prix, men's foil, March 16, Venice, Italy
North American Cup, March 15-18, Reno, Nev.
Pan American Open, March 16-17, Montevideo, Uruguay
Olympic gold medalist Kayla Harrison heads back into international competition this weekend at the Pan American Open in Montevideo, Uruguay. Harrison heads a U.S. team of 13 women and 12 men competing in Uruguay and Argentina the next two weeks.
Other athletes include two-time Olympian Travis Stevens, Angelica Delgado, Kathleen Sell, George Truong and Myles Porter, who earned a silver medal at the London 2012 Paralympic Games.
ITU Sarasota Pan American Cup, March 16, Sarasota, Fla.
Kaitlin Donner, who placed third in the women's race in last weekend's ITU event in Clermont, Fla., and Kaleb VanOrt, who placed eighth, will battle an international field of 70 on Saturday in the ITU Sarasota Pan American Cup. Other U.S. athletes include Alicia Kaye, Katie Hursey, Sara McLarty, Luke Farkas, Joe Maloy, Tommy Zaferes and 2012 USA Triathlon Rookie of the Year Lukas Verzbicas.
The race will cover Olympic distances of a 1,500-meter swim, 40-kilometer bike race and 10km run. Four Olympians are scheduled to compete, including Portugal's Joao Pereira.
French International, March 16-17, La Roche sur Yon, France
Olympic bronze medalist Danell Leyva and 2012 Olympian Jake Dalton will be among the U.S. gymnasts competing Saturday and Sunday at the French International. Dalton will compete in the floor exercise, still rings, vault and horizontal bar. Leyva will compete in the pommel horse, parallel bars and horizontal bar.
Other U.S. athletes are Steven Legendre (floor exercise) and Alex Naddour (pommel horse). The competition will include Olympic pommel horse champion Krisztian Berki of Hungary and Olympic vault champion Yang Hak-Seon of South Korea.
Also in gymnastics:
2013 Acro Cup, March 16-17, Kearney, Mo.
Kyle Shewfelt Festival, March 15-17, Calgary, Canada
FINA Diving World Series, March 15-17, Beijing
Troy Dumais, a bronze medalist at the London 2012 Olympic Games, and younger brother Dwight Dumais will team up to compete in the men's synchronized 3-meter event Friday at the FINA Diving World Series season opener in Beijing. Troy Dumais also will compete Saturday in the individual 3-meter.
FEI World Cup Vaulting Final, March 14-17, Braunchweig, Germany
Gabe Aniello is competing against five other men vaulters in the FEI World Cup Vaulting Final in Braunchweig, Germany. He is the first U.S. vaulter to qualify for the World Cup Final. He will vault on Pino del Rio. Aniello placed 10th at the 2012 FEI World Vaulting Championship.
Also in equestrian:
WEF Dressage Classic, March 14-17, Wellington, Fla.
NYC Half Marathon, March 17, New York City
Three-time Olympian Bernard Lagat will be among thousands of runners in the field at the New York City Half Marathon on Sunday. The 38-year-old Lagat, a two-time Olympic medalist, has never raced in a half marathon. He regained his American record in the indoor 2-mile race in February at the Millrose Games.
The 13.1-mile race goes from Central Park to South Street Seaport. Meb Keflezighi, an American who won the 2009 NYC Marathon, withdrew from the race earlier this week in order to recover from a calf injury and prepare for the Boston Marathon.
TeamUSA.org caught up with Lagat earlier this week.
Also in track:
Pan American Race Walk Cup Trials and USA Masters 20km Race Walk Championship, March 17, Huntington Beach, Calif.
Armed Forces Wrestling Championships, March 16-17, Fort Dix, N.J.
Greco-Roman Olympic wrestlers Spenser Mango, Justin Lester and Oscar Wood will be among those competing Saturday and Sunday in the Armed Forces Wrestling Championships in Fort Dix, N.J. Mango, a two-time Olympian, will wrestle at 60 kilograms/132 pounds. Lester, a 2012 Olympian, will compete at 74kg/163 and Wood, a 2004 Olympian, will compete at 84kg/185. Competition will be held in freestyle and Greco-Roman. The U.S. Army is the defending team champion in both disciplines.
ISSF World Cup, March 17-23, Acapulco, Mexico
Two-time Olympic gold medalist Vincent Hancock will be among 13 USA Shooting athletes competing in the first ISSF World Cup event of the year beginning Sunday in Acapulco, Mexico. The tournament is in the shotgun discipline only. The Acapulco stop is the first of four shotgun World Cups this year.
Other U.S. athletes include Jon Michael McGrath, Frank Thompson, Haley Dunn and Jaiden Grinnell. Five-time Olympic medalist Kim Rhode will not compete in the spring World Cup events because she is awaiting the birth of her first child. The tournament features the debut of new World Cup rules in which semifinalists compete on a reduced number of stations and targets, and qualification scores are not carried into the semifinal round.
USA Volleyball Beach Collegiate Challenge, March 14-17, Chula Vista, Calif.
Top-ranked Pepperdine University will battle Nebraska, Florida State, CSU Bakersfield and Grand Canyon University in the USA Volleyball Beach Collegiate Challenge through Sunday. The tournament is being held at the U.S. Olympic Training Center in Chula Vista, Calif. Peppardine, which won the first-ever AVCA Collegiate Sand Volleyball National Championships in 2012, features All-Americans Summer Ross, Lilla Frederick and Kim Hill.
Pepperdine began the tournament Thursday with a 3-2 win over Florida State. Frederick and Hill combined for a 21-13, 21-15 win at No. 1. FSU defeated Nebraska, 4-1.
USA Cycling Pro Mountain Bike Cross Country Tour, US Cup Triple Crown-Bonelli Park, San Dimas, Calif.
The second stop on the USA Cycling Pro XCT will be Saturday in San Dimas, Calif., where the US Cup Triple Crown-Bonelli Park will be held. Daniel McConnell leads the men's standings and Rebecca Henderson is the leading woman after one race.
Also in cycling:
Pro Mountain Bike Gravity Tour, Reaper Madness Downhill & Super D, March 15-17, Boulder City, Nev.
USA Cycling NCC, Cigar City Brewing Criterium, March 16, Tampa, Fla.
Story courtesy Red Line Editorial, Inc. Paul D. Bowker is a freelance contributor for TeamUSA.org. Material from various news services and press releases from National Governing Bodies was used to compile this report. This story was not subject to the approval of any National Governing Bodies.


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Wrangell Visitor Center
293 Campbell Drive (Nolan Center)
Wrangell Convention and Visitor Bureau
P.O. Box 1350
Wrangell, AK 99929
Things to Do in the Wrangell Area
Natural beauty surrounds Wrangell. The mountains, the islands, the rainforest. Visitors have opportunity to experience it all in Wrangell: glaciers, wildlife, adventure, outdoor activities, and fun.
Wildlife abounds in the area. Eagles, shorebirds, herons and songbirds dot the trees on Mt. Dewey overlooking downtown and along the Zimovia Highway bikepath. A variety of boat excursions take you to scenic areas to view black and brown bears, migratory birds, eagles, sea lions, harbor seals, and whales. Go fishing for the tasty salmon and halibut. During July and August, Anan Bear and Wildlife Observatory, managed by the US Forest Service, is a favorite spot to view brown and black bears feasting on salmon. The Stikine River, a designated wilderness area is abundant with wildlife that lured the Hudson Bay Company to establish a settlement here.
If history and cultural influences are your pursuit, visit the Tlingit Chief Shakes Island and Tribal House Historic Monument, and Petroglyph Beach State Historic Park. Travel the Stikine River to visit the places where gold miners camped and garnets were mined. During the summer of 2012, Wrangell Cooperative Association, the local Tlingit tribe, will be rehabilitating Chief Shakes Tribal House, using the ancient native construction methods.
Outdoor adventure and activities await you. The protected waters in Southeast Alaska are filled with Islands and bays and harbors rich with wildlife just waiting to be explored. The waterways provide excellent sea kayaking and opportunity for exploration by wildlife charter tours. Fishing is spectacular. Halibut and all 5 species of salmon are key targets by visiting fishermen. Nearby lakes and streams provide excellent opportunities for both spin cast and fly-fishing. Wrangell also has the only regulation USGA rated golf course in Southeast Alaska. Muskeg Meadows has tournaments almost every weekend.
Wrangell Island has over 100 miles of forest roads that offer mountain bikers, hikers, RV'rs, and other explorers access to remote lakes, rivers, campsites and scenic overlooks. Several maintained trails provide immediate immersion into the surrounding lush temperate rainforest. If you prefer a birds eye view of the surrounding area, flightseeing to glaciers, fjords, or cabins on remote lakes, or to Telegraph Creek in British Columbia are fun options.
Click any thumbnail image to view a slideshow


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A minimum of 72 units of course work beyond the bachelor's degree is required for the Doctor of Philosophy in Musicology degree. All core requirements, including MUS 301a,b, MUS 302, MUS 303, and MUS 311a must be met. In addition to the courses required for the master of arts in musicology, the following are required:
Doctoral degree students may request the transfer of a maximum of 24 units of appropriate course work, completed with a grade of B or better at other accredited graduate institutions. Up to thirty units of credit for master's degrees in music received from Claremont Graduate University may be applied toward doctoral degrees. Transfer units to be applied toward a degree should be requested within two weeks of the beginning of the semester in which a student enters a graduate program.
Music students entering doctoral programs without a master's degree already in hand may qualify to receive one while working towards the doctorate: see http://www.cgu.edu/pages/5786.asp for details, including the procedure for requesting such a degree. In addition to the requirements stated on that page, Music students who wish to receive a master's 'along the way' must have completed at least 48 units at CGU that are both applicable to the doctoral degree they are earning and that include the core course requirements for the master's degree they wish to receive. Such Music students also must satisfactorily complete all recital (or, if appropriate, composition) and language-tool requirements for the specific master's degree they seek.
It is the responsibility of the student to meet all the degree requirements outlined in the official CGU Bulletin and other pertinent documents governing specific degree programs. A student requesting an exception to a degree requirement must submit a petition to the registrar well in advance of the deadline for the requirement. All such petitions must have the endorsement of the student's graduate faculty.
For detailed information about degree requirements, please refer to the Music Department Handbook and the CGU Bulletin.
© 2017 Claremont Graduate University • 150 E. 10th St., Claremont, CA 91711 • (909) 621-8000 • Campus Safety • Emergency Info • Campus Map/Driving Directions


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Extended maintenance of Ruby versions 1.8.7 and 1.9.2 ended on July 31, 2014. Read more
# File rss/maker/1.0.rb, line 232 def to_feed(rss) set_default_values do item = RDF::Item.new(link) set = setup_values(item) if set item.dc_dates.clear rss.items << item set_parent(item, rss) setup_other_elements(rss, item) elsif !have_required_values? raise NotSetError.new("maker.item", not_set_required_variables) end end end
Commenting is here to help enhance the documentation. For example, code samples, or clarification of the documentation.
If you have questions about Ruby or the documentation, please post to one of the Ruby mailing lists. You will get better, faster, help that way.
If you wish to post a correction of the docs, please do so, but also file bug report so that it can be corrected for the next release. Thank you.
If you want to help improve the Ruby documentation, please visit Documenting-ruby.org.


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We know what you're thinking: If Bruce Springsteen is 64, how old does that make us? But even if we all may be getting up in years, it's comforting to know — as his stop in Rio Saturday proves — that Bruce is somehow rocking with the same ferocity that he has for decades. (Even if the rest of us are exhausted.) And beyond that, he's still creating vital new music that has something to say about our country, our relationships and the world we live in.
So if anyone deserves a party, it's Bruce — and we're here to help you celebrate. Blogness correspondent Leann has created a series of free downloadable Springsteen party printables, expressly for your Bruceday Bash. Click below and get 'em while you can!
� Bruce Springsteen Party Hats
� Bruce Springsteen Cupcake Toppers
� Pin The Hat On Bruce Springsteen's Butt
Meanwhile, here are 20 ways the true Springsteen fan can honor the Boss on his 64th:
Wear a white v-neck undershirt, aviator sunglasses and look 20 years younger than your actual age. (Orange swim-trunks optional.)
Make love in the dirt singin� your birthday songs. (Warning: Illegal in most municipalities.)
Ride that tilt-a-whirl down on the south beach drag. (Warning: May cause nausea.)
Chase something in the night. (Warning: May cause burns, blindness.)
Wear your Kennedy Center Honors medal to the mall and see if anybody comments on it.
Go on a ride down to the river in a stolen car and never come back.
Lean on a large black man and see what happens.
Make crosses from your lovers and throw roses in the rain, whatever that means.
Get the band back together.
Sit barefoot on the hood of a Dodge drinking warm beer in the soft summer rain. Please be sure to put the Dodge in park first. Boy, did we find that out the hard way.
Go out to Highway 31, find a stick and poke a dead one-legged dog that�s been beat too much. On second thought, don�t do that.
Get your girlfriend pregnant and a) get a union job and a wedding coat; or b) run away to south Texas in a dirty oil patch and swear you�re never goin� back. On second thought, don�t get your girlfriend pregnant.
Grab a child you don�t know to sing the chorus of �Waitin� on a Sunny Day.� (Warning: Illegal in most municipalities.)
Yeah, that checkout girl you�ve been eyeing down at the supermarket for the last year and a half? Just ask her out already.
Take a long walk home, ideally from the edge of town. But if you live near the edge of town, start in the center of town and work your way out. Whichever it is, it should be dark by the time you get there.
Go out to your barn and, if there�s a tuba player there, jam with him.
Stay hard, stay hungry, stay alive, not necessarily in that order.
Dance with Courtney Cox. If Courtney Cox is not available, dance across the porch as the radio plays. If a porch is not available, dance with your shirt open like Latin lovers along the shore. If you don�t have a shirt, we recommend getting a white, v-neck undershirt (see No. 1).
One word: RAMROD.
�Open your ears and open your hearts. Don't take yourself too seriously, and take yourself as seriously as death itself. Don't worry. Worry your ass off. Have ironclad confidence, but doubt � it keeps you awake and alert. Believe you are the baddest ass in town, and, you suck!� (Words to live by from the birthday boy himself.)
Happy Birthday, Bruce — and thanks.
Add your ways to celebrate Bruce's birthday in the comments!


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Clovis resident killed in Iraq
August 7, 2006
Leroy "J.R." Segura Jr. approached running and military service in much the same manner — with an unbending work ethic and dedication to his friends and teammates.
Segura, a 2001 Clovis High graduate, died Friday from injuries sustained in a vehicle accident while serving in Habbaniyah, Iraq, a news release from Department of Defense reported.
An Army sergeant, Segura, 23, was in a Humvee that rolled while maneuvering over a river levee, according to officials with the public affairs office at Fort Benning, Ga. There were no other casualties in the unit, the officials said.
An avid runner in high school, Segura was also a good student, according to Mark Bussen, his high school cross country coach.
He helped Clovis win the district cross country title in 2000.
Bussen said Segura had an opportunity to attend college on a scholarship, but chose the Army.
"He was really a model citizen," Bussen said. "He was a 'yes' or 'no, sir' person. He always did his share or more. He always cared about the people on his team.
"He was just a good trooper in all aspects — he wasn't a complainer."
On leave, Segura would return to Clovis and seek out his old teammates and coaches, Bussen said.
"The friends he had he took seriously," Bussen said. "He wrote me letters and stayed in touch. That was important to him,"
Bussen said Segura expressed the same caring attitude toward his Army unit as he did his Clovis teammates.
"When he first went in (to the Army) the workouts didn't seem that difficult," Bussen said. "He'd always joke about some of those guys that didn't do so well with the running.
"That part of Army life — running four to five miles a day and working out came as second nature to him."
Clovis track coach Mike Hankins also visited with Segura several times since he joined the Army in 2002.
"I don't think he was looking to go to war — (the Army) was just an opportunity for him that he wanted to take," Hankins said.
Hankins expressed deep sadness over the death of Segura. "You hate to see something like this. When it's one of our kids, it hits home a little bit harder. It just makes the reality of what goes on in the world a little closer to home. You get attached to a lot of the kids you coach — they become 'our kids,'" he said.
Former Clovis teammate Jeremy King said their friendship revolved around running. They even went for a run the last time Segura visited, he said.
"He was great guy, a good runner. We were pretty close. He was very friendly and very kind," said King, who joined the cross country team at Segura's urging.
Segura was serving his second tour in Iraq, Bussen said. He suffered burns to his arms from a roadside bombing during his first tour, Bussen said.
He was assigned to the 362nd Engineer Company, 54th Engineer Battalion at Fort Benning, Ga., which deployed last month to Iraq.
Segura's specialty with the engineering unit was building and maintaining Army bridges, according to Army officials.
Last month, another soldier with ties to Clovis died while serving in Afghanistan's Zabul province. Army Sgt. Robert P. Kassin, 29, died near Larzab when his platoon came under enemy fire. He was assigned to Fort Polk, La.
Sen. Pete Domenici, R-N.M., said Monday he is deeply saddened by the deaths.
"Sgts. Segura and Kassin were brave young men whose lives tragically ended too soon," he said in a news release. "My wife, Nancy, and I extend our heartfelt sympathy to their families and friends, and we continue to pray for the safety of our troops fighting for the global war on terrorism."


text: Japanese industrial designer Komin Yamada takes cast-iron cookware to an innovative new level with sleek, lightweight cookware that's exceptionally responsive to heat. Use this versatile, high-ridged pan for grilling everything from steaks, burgers and chicken breasts to fresh seafood and veggies. It can also double as a shallow roasting pan.


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International Bagpipe Day
Saturday March 10th 2012
A message from the Bagpipe Society:
"Saturday 10th March 2012 will be the first ever International Bagpipe Day, a day to celebrate the world's bagpipes and piping traditions." For more details see http://www.bagpipesociety.org.uk/en/international-bagpipe-day/
NB: The date here is correct; the date in the December issue of Common Stock is incorrect!
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Apple's Drive, Tesla Stalls: Tech Winners & Losers
NEW YORK (TheStreet) -- Apple (AAPL) shares rose 1.45% to $481.85 after The New York Times reported that the tech giant may be working on a watch to add to its product portfolio.
The report said that Apple's developing a "smart watch" type of device which will run on its iOS software. In the same story, there was also mention of an iCar, something Steve Jobs wanted to tackle before he passed away.
CEO Tim Cook is speaking at the Goldman Sachs Technology and Internet Conference in San Francisco Tuesday. TheStreet will be live-blogging the event.
Tesla Motors (TSLA) shares stalled, falling 0.57% to $39.02 after The New York Times reported that the Model S stalled in cold weather.
CEO Elon Musk has come to the defense of his company, saying that the accusations made in the story were false, and that he has other journalists lined up to make the same drive. Shares had hit a low of $37.50 earlier in the session before Musk made his comments on Twitter.
NYTimes article about Tesla range in cold is fake. Vehicle logs tell true story that he didn't actually charge to max & took a long detour.— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) February 11, 2013
Tesla blog coming soon detailing what actually happened on Broder's NYTimes "range test". Also lining up other journalists to do same drive.— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) February 11, 2013
Tesla data logging is only turned on with explicit written permission from customers, but after Top Gear BS, we always keep it on for media.— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) February 11, 2013
Zynga (ZNGA) shares continued to surge, tacking on 7.58% to $3.69 on news that New Jersey may be considering legalizing online gambling.
Tough talking Gov. Chris Christie (R-NJ) vetoed a bill that would legalize online gambling, but noted that he would sign it if there were a few provisions included. He wants to see a 10-year trial period included in the bill, as well as a higher tax rate on casinos. Christie wants to raise the tax rate on casinos' online winnings from 10% to 15%.
--Written by Chris Ciaccia in New York
>Contact by Email.


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By IZZY GOULD
Published May 30, 2007
HUDSON - Ed Wilke heard the distinct roar of his twin brother's ATV, then saw him ride by.
Ed felt his cell phone vibrate 20 minutes later. A voice on the other end shared the bad news: There had been an accident and Jon was being flown to Bayfront Medical Center.
Ed rushed to his brother's side.
"I basically saw him before they even cleaned him up, " Ed Wilke said. "They said he basically had no chance of living. He basically was found on the scene dead."
Jon Wilke died Sunday, five days after his four-wheeler rolled several times and crashed into a cement pole, his brother said.
He wasn't wearing a helmet.
"Lately he started to pick up not wearing a helmet to be with his friends and not be out of the loop, " Ed Wilke said. "Normally, he wears everything."
Jon, 18, was the youngest of four siblings. He was entering his senior year at Hudson High, was an avid swimmer, baseball player and wanted to attend the Motorcycle Mechanics Institute.
Jon spent the past few years building bikes and taking them apart. He could identify problems with motorcycles and took classes to learn about the inner workings of cars.
The twins have been riding motorized dirt bikes for several years and recently got a pair of four-wheelers.
"He wanted to be a big-time mechanic, " Ed Wilke said. "He wanted to get a big house for him and his friends."
Jon will be remembered as a successful swimmer and a leader at Hudson's pool. Along with Ed, he teamed with Chris Pearce and Andy Demopoulos in the 200 and 400 freestyle relays. He swam the third leg.
The four shared a camaraderie that grew strong through practice, competition and friendship.
"Everyone was always trying to be like him, " Demopoulos said. "He was one of the best. He was dedicated."
They almost broke a school record, coming within 1, 000th of a second in the 400 relay, Hudson coach Julie Heise said.
Pearce said he didn't realize the severity of the accident when he first heard about it and went on with plans to attend a NASCAR race in North Carolina. Updates from Hudson coach Julie Heise only made Pearce more concerned about Jon, whom he had known since they played Little League together.
He never got to say goodbye.
"I found out he passed away, " Pearce said. "I pretty much fell apart."
Though Jon never regained consciousness, his mother, Margaret, stayed with him until the end.
Hudson's swim team was scheduled to meet Tuesday night for a workout and to try and begin healing.
Viewing will be Thursday from 2-4 p.m. and 5-7 p.m. at Dobies Funeral Home, 9944 Hudson Ave. The funeral is Thursday at 7 p.m.
"When you're losing your best swimmer, you're not just losing a great swimmer, " Heise said. "You're losing a son, a best friend, a leader. You just have to pick yourselves up and try to get back to work."
Izzy Gould can be reached at email@example.com or 727 580-5315.
[Last modified May 29, 2007, 21:36:27]
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text:
Heaven's Lost Property
Forte: Eating Watermelon Tomoki
Episode 21 | TV-MA
Even though they know it's a risky move, Astraea and Nymph decide to raid Ikaros's watermelon patch. Meanwhile, Sugata and Nymph find themselves in serious danger after infiltrating Synapse.
Dub Expires: 07-27-2014
Sub Expires: 11-01-2013
Official Site: www.funimation.com/shows/heavens-lost-propertyHide Details


text:
Higher Ed Admin Programs
Higher education is one of the fastest growing areas of education in the world. Many faculty and administrators in higher education who do not have advanced degrees in their subject area often seek a degree in educational administration. As such, there is a high demand for higher education administration. This program has four degree options:
Masters (MA)
- Prepares you for entry-level and midmanagement level positions at various higher ed institutions public and private colleges or universities and community colleges, in different areas of student affairs.
Educational Specialist (EdS)
- Provides you with the opportunity to seek mid-level, administrative career advancement
Doctor of Education
- Trains you to serve in administrative and executive positions
Doctor of Philosophy
- Enables you to pursue careers in research and teaching.


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I´s been said that John "hated his voice" at some point (around the time of Sgt. Peppers) and that he always wanted some distorting effect applied to it. For instance "filtering" his voice through a Leslie speaker.
People like George Martin ("he hated his voice...")and fellow Beatles ("he wanted to sound different") have mentioned that at some point.
I wonder why John wanted to change his wonderfully expressive, great sounding vocals.Was it because of a restless nature of his to promote changes ? Was it perhaps due to LSD influence ?[:0]


text: I'm always on the lookout for a good moisturizer that won't leave my skin oily or start a weird rash on my apparently sensitive skin. I've tried lots of expensive creams with no luck, but I think I've finally found a winner. This great product from LuLu and Max ($30) is all-natural and handmade in Lancaster by a mother-and-daughter team.