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This article was featured in the Wall Street Journal on January 22, 2013
Young People Also Weigh Surgery To Relieve Ugly, Painful Bunions by Sumathi Reddy
Grandma isn't the only one with bunions.
Just 26 years old, Kacey Barker, of Haverhill, Mass., found herself with a painful joint jutting out from the base of her left big toe. "Mine got progressively worse over the years," she says. "With all the sports and wear and tear…anything and everything was bothering it."
Ms. Barker a couple of years ago had to stop her athletic activities, including running, field hockey and softball. The pain became unbearable after a marathon-length charity walk in the fall, and she finally decided to have surgery to correct the toe's misaligned bone. Six weeks later, Ms. Barker, who manages funding for research grants, is still wearing a surgical boot to walk and is looking at another six weeks to fully recover. Her longer-term goal: rocking the dance floor pain-free at her wedding in September.
"A lot of my friends thought bunions are for women who are old or who wear high-heeled shoes for decades," says Ms. Barker, who says she tends toward supportive, sensible shoes.
An estimated 23% of adult Americans suffer from bunions, including more than two-thirds of people over the age of 65, according to a review of studies published in 2010 in the Journal of Foot and Ankle Research. More than half of women get bunions, and women are nine times as likely as men to have the problem, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Some doctors say the growing popularity of high heels and pointy-toed shoes, including among very young women, has helped increase the incidence of bunions.
Although genetics plays a role in determining who develops one, motion and pressure, often caused by ill-fitting shoes, can trigger a bunion to form.
"There's a misconception that shoes cause the bunion. Shoes aggravate it and make it symptomatic," says Michael Trepal, a professor of surgery at the New York College of Podiatric Medicine. Usually, "it starts to occur in the early phases of young adulthood, and as time goes on, it progresses," he says.
Doctors typically recommend nonsurgical remedies as a first recourse. This can include a different kind of padding in shoes, orthotic insoles and ensuring that you're wearing a shoe that is wide enough and not too high, says Gary Pichney, a surgical podiatrist at the Institute for Foot & Ankle Reconstruction at Mercy Medical Center in Baltimore. While such approaches can reduce discomfort and may prevent a bunion from getting worse, they don't correct the condition. Dr. Pichney says about half of his patients end up opting to do surgery.
Dr. Gary A. Pichney/Mercy Medical Center
Genetics and pressure from shoes can cause the big toe's metatarsal bone to shift position, creating a bunion, left. In this case, a surgeon removed a section of bone and inserted a locking plate and screws to reposition the bone and hold it in place, right.
So what exactly is a bunion? It isn't an overgrowth of a bone, as many people think. Dr. Trepal explains that the foot contains five metatarsal bones, one behind each of the toes. In a healthy foot those bones are roughly parallel. A bunion is formed when the big-toe joint, or the metatarsophalangeal, becomes misaligned, causing an enlargement of the bone or tissue around it that appears as a bump.
The big toe often drifts toward the second toe and can affect the position of the other toes. The severity of the big toe's misalignment is what surgeons rely on to decide on the type of surgical approach to take.
There are many different types of surgeries to correct bunions, depending on the nature and severity of the problem. The most frequent procedure to correct the angular deformity is an osteotomy, or a bone cut at either the front, middle or back portion of the first metatarsal bone. The more severe the bunion the farther from the joint the cut is made.
Ms. Barker, after years of living with bunion pain, went to see James Ioli, chief of podiatry at Boston's Brigham and Women's Hospital, who last month performed a common type of osteotomy on her left foot called a chevron. This procedure involves cutting the front portion of the first metatarsal in a V-shape, moving the bone and holding the sections together with a fixation device, such as screws.
"It's definitely not something to take lightly," Ms. Barker says. "But for me I'm excited to just be able to get back into a normal routine."
Most bunion surgeries take between six and 12 weeks for recovery, and often include time on crutches and in surgical shoes or boots, doctors say. One of the simplest procedures, with a relatively short recovery time, is called an exostectomy, in which the bump on the head of the first metatarsal is thinned or shaved off with a surgical saw. The procedure is usually only used in cases where there is no angular deformity or drifting of the big toe, doctors say.
The most serious bunions are treated with a joint-fusion surgical procedure known as a lapidus bunionectomy, in which the first metatarsal and the next bone back, a cuneiform, are fused together. In the process, the patient loses use of a joint that isn't considered essential.
Some people choose bunion surgery mainly for cosmetic reasons, which many doctors advise against. "I don't know if it's because people are paying more attention to their feet now," says Neal Blitz, chief of foot surgery at Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center. Dr. Blitz also has a private practice in Manhattan where he performs what he calls a bunionplasty, which take a cosmetic approach to correcting bunions. "People want their feet to look good and they want them to be sexier."
Dr. Blitz created a plating system about a year ago that he says allows patients to put weight on the foot soon after surgery. The technique involves inserting a titanium surgical implant and six screws into the foot to hold the bone into proper position.
Claudia Ngo, 22, received a bunionplasty from Dr. Blitz in July. "It's always something that's been really embarrassing," Ms. Ngo, of Bethesda, Md., says of her bunions. "I always tried to hide, wearing socks and shoes around my friends or a blanket on the couch. In college I would wear heels…so they actually got bigger."
The first podiatrist Ms. Ngo saw advised against surgery, saying she should only do it if she suffered from a lot of pain, not for cosmetic reasons. Pain usually came only after wearing heels for a long time or working out but not on a daily basis, says Ms. Ngo, an auditor.
After going to see Dr. Blitz, she received bunion surgery on her right foot and was able to walk with a special surgical shoe right away. "After four weeks I was wearing regular shoes," she says. "Now I'm really happy with my results, it looks perfect," says Ms. Ngo, who is hoping to do the same procedure on her left foot later this year.
Most experts advise patients after bunion surgery to be careful what shoes they wear to avoid a recurrence of the problem. Bunions come back between about 5% and 20% of the time. Generally the more aggressive the surgical procedure the less chance a bunion will recur, experts say.
Meghan Morrison, a 27-year-old graduate student in Nashville, Tenn., is sticking so far with nonsurgical treatments for her bunions. She avoids high heels and looks for wide shoes, mostly flats with padding and boots for maximum comfort.
But, she says, if the bunions get much worse, she might have surgery. "I don't want my feet to end up looking insane and horrific," she says. "And if it ever got to a point where I just couldn't walk or be active I definitely would do it."
Write to Sumathi Reddy at firstname.lastname@example.com


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Rob and Kristen are asked in what state of mind they are now that it's over.
Rob: I'm not sure if I feel sad now, it was never intending to make more than one but it's weird since we've finished filming for so long and we knew we'd have to do promo for ages. It's gonna be the last premiere soon and then it's over the next day. It's a strange feeling to see my life goes by so fast like this, I really feel like I'm .
Kristen: I don't have to say good bye to Bella. I made these movies because I wanted her to be part of me. The most important is that we passed the movie from the book to the fans. We gave them the story. These movies are very important for them. The populairty of the movies will last forever.
I just need something new to do now and I didn't find it yet.
Rob and Kristen are asked how they deal with all the structiny around their lives.
Rob: The thing about Twilight, with tabloids it was easy to compare and combine with our lives, like 'oh they love each other like edward and bella' it's so oversimplified and maybe it'll change, I don't know. The thing is to keep control when things get too much, you lose it and you're willing to do everything to get it back. It takes time and you have to listen to your guts, identify your priorities but it was difficult with so many people and money at stake.
Kristen: It's so far from us ….It's trange, we didn't know it would become a franchise. It was a small project, like a little movie at the beginning.Honestly, we worked very hard on the first movie, anybody would have be terrified.The big difference between now and before is that I'm grown up and I can control my fears. I know they will always be there but I know how to use them.
Source | Via | Via

subset: commoncrawl


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Hadewijch of Antwerp
Hadewijch of Antwerp fl. mid-thirteenth century-
Dutch poet and mystic.
Sometimes referred to as the Brabant mystic, Hadewijch of Antwerp is regarded as an influential and formative figure in Dutch literature. Associated with the medieval movement known as Minnemystiek ("love mysticism"), Hadewijch is thought to have been a beguine—a devout woman of noble birth who attended to the spiritual life of her thirteenth-century community. Love, or Minne as she called it, is the central component of Hadewijch's poetry, and indeed of all her collected works, including her religious Visioenen (Visions, mid-thirteenth century). Drawn from the traditional courtly love poetry of the medieval troubadours, Minne was originally used to express the perpetual longing for an unattainable, worldly love. Having mastered the form and lyrical techniques of such verse, Hadewijch adapted its conventions and central conceit to her religious thought, spiritualizing Minne by associating it with the eternal love of God, literally depicting God experienced directly as Love. Not systematic in and of itself, her work and thought demonstrated a considerable influence on the spiritual system of fourteenth-century mystic Jan van Ruysbroeck, among others. Taken as a whole, her visionary prose and innovative lyric poetry are considered some of the earliest and most outstanding in the Middle Dutch vernacular.
Biographical Information
Information about Hadewijch's life, save that which can be surmised from her writings, is completely lacking. Tradition suggests that she was born in Antwerp, sometime in the early years of the thirteenth century. Educated and articulate, probably of an aristocratic family, Hadewijch could read Latin, French, and Provençal, in addition to Dutch. Her knowledge of Holy Scripture was formidable and her awareness of such writers as Saint Augustine, William of Saint Thierry, Richard of St. Victor, Bernard of Clairvaux, and others of the mystical tradition is borne out by her own work. Hadewijch lived in either Antwerp or possibly Brussels, and wrote in the language of thirteenth-century Brabant, an independent duchy (now northern Belgium and southern Netherlands). She recorded her sixth mystical vision as occurring when she was nineteen, while she experienced the first of her fourteen Visions years before she was old enough to understand their symbolic and spiritual significance. Hadewijch probably entered a beguinage while still a young woman. Records of these religious organizations show them to be small, self-sustaining communities of women from the noble laity devoted to Christian good works, prayer, and contemplation.
Beguinages had begun to appear in the Low Countries during the second half of the twelfth century. Accepted by Pope Honorius III in 1216 and widespread in Europe, the movement was officially condemned in 1310 due to its independence from ecclesiastical authority. In orientation similar to nuns, beguines did not adopt the monastic life, followed no official organizing principles, and swore no solemn vows; instead, in the words of critic Elizabeth Alvilda Petroff, "beguines strove to live in the world without being of it," adopting a life of poverty and focusing on charitable deeds. Internal evidence, particularly that of her "Letter 15," suggests that Hadewijch was probably the spiritual leader of her particular community (although some recent scholars have disputed this, and even questioned her status as a beguine.) In any case, Hadewijch's involvement in the spiritual life of the southern Netherlands is unquestioned. Other evidence hints at her possibly being linked to heretical movements or individuals, and perhaps being persecuted for her beliefs and actions. Portions of her thirty-one Brieven (Letters, mid-thirteenth century) suggest she may have been exiled, imprisoned, or otherwise separated from her cherished sisters against her will. ("Letter 25" expresses her hope that one day she will be reunited with them.) Most scholars believe that Hadewijch was a beguine and spent the majority of her career devoting herself to Christian charity, including care of the elderly, ill, and impoverished—activities she exhorted her fellow beguines to engage in as well. Meanwhile she composed a noteworthy and influential collection of poetry and prose, probably over the course of the years 1220 to 1240, or possibly slightly later. The date of Hadewijch's death is unknown, although a terminal point in the early second half of the thirteenth century is generally accepted by scholars.
Major Works
Hadewijch's body of work is contained in three complete manuscripts that survive from the late fourteenth century, as well as in a few fragments, including one dating from about 1500. The overarching influence on her writing is scriptural. Love is its central theme, and both her poetry and prose are saturated with love motifs, expressed in terms of Minne, a feminine noun in the Dutch language that connotes the concepts of Divine Love or Lady Love, depending on context. Although the precise chronology of Hadewijch's works has proved difficult to establish, scholars accept her admission that she experienced several religious visions while still quite young. Most commentators acknowledge, nevertheless, that she likely recorded the content of these mystical experiences years later, after reaching maturity and perfecting her literary skills. In "Vision 1," considered a symbolic synthesis of her spiritual doctrine, an angel leads Hadewijch past seven trees (symbolizing the chief Christian virtues) before leaving her in the presence of Christ, who then directs her to embrace these virtues and accept the sufferings of human life through love before uniting with the Divine. Christ appears in several of the subsequent Visions, addressing her again in "Vision 8." The tenth through twelfth Visions draw heavily on themes and imagery of the Apocalypse from the biblical revelation of St. John. "Vision 5" describes an almost bodily union with the Divine, while "Vision 9" conjoins Hadewijch's theme of love with that of Redene ("reason"). In "Vision 13," a six-winged manifestation of God appears to Hadewijch, after discussing the powers of faith and humility, literally engulfs her. Included with the Visions, "The List of the Perfect" enumerates the saints and contemporary individuals whom Hadewijch most admired: Origen, Augustine, and Isidore of Seville.
Hadewijch addressed her Letters to a young beguine whom she sought to inform on the primary subjects of faith. Common themes in these epistles include the Holy Trinity, self-knowledge, grace, and of course, God's love for humanity. Several of the Letters are more properly short theological treatises, including "Letter 15," a spiritual allegory concerned with a holy pilgrimage, or "Letter 20"—devoted to "the twelve unspeakable hours of love"—which chronicles the soul's mystical progress toward God. Of her poetic works, Hadewijch's forty-five Strofische Gedichten (Poems in Stanzas, mid-thirteenth century) represent her creation of a new lyric genre by skillfully adapting the tropes of courtly love poetry to her deeply spiritual mode of expression. In her stanzaic verse Hadewijch glorifies the duties and sufferings of an ecstatic lover in search of union with God. Rather than projecting herself as the bride of Christ, a common construct of medieval mystical writings by women, Hadewijch instead evoked the imagery of a doughty knight journeying through the wilderness of love. Paralleling the theme of the questing knight-errant in romantic service to an unattainable lady, the speaker of Hadewijch's Strofische Gedichten evokes her soul's longing to join with God through love. Throughout her poetry, Hadewijch described Minne as a multifaceted concept, one that embraces unrequited desire, confusion, and estrangement, as well as the joy of divine union. Broadly representative of the Strofische Gedichten, "Poem 6" begins with a seasonal allusion, in this case to spring, an exploration of love as a struggle of conquest and submission, a movement toward the intensification of feeling, and a countermotif of alienation from the soul's desired end, Divine Love. Another of the works, also rich in metaphor and paradox, "Poem 28" concentrates on the speaker's mad and passionate love for God and highlights the rewards of Christian suffering. Hadewijch's Mengeldichten (Poems in Couplets, mid-thirteenth century) lack the stanzaic structure of her other lyrics but are instead composed as a series of rhyming couplets. (Most scholars caution that only the first sixteen of the Mengeldichten contained in extant manuscripts can be authoritatively attributed to Hadewijch. The latter portion of the collection, comprising poems 17 to 29, is generally ascribed to another, unknown author, possibly a member of her group of beguines and usually designated as "Hadewijch II.") Terse and aphoristic, as opposed to the more lyrically evocative Strofische Gedichten, the Mengeldichten, like Hadewijch's Letters, appear to have been addressed to the young beguines of her community. While Minne remains the central concern of the Mengeldichten, a number of related themes are developed in individual poems. For example, "Mengeldicht 14" describes the virtue of humility, while "Mengeldicht 16" is an evocation of the soul as it exists in divine harmony with the Holy Trinity.
Critical Reception
Hadewijch's literary and theological significance was first recognized in the fourteenth century by such figures as Jan van Ruysbroeck and Jan van Leeuwen, who praised her writing and the majestic qualities of her spiritual vision and faith in Divine Love. In the century following her death, Hadewijch's works also became known outside of the Low Countries, with complete translations of her Letters appearing in High German, although portions of these have since been lost. Her influence on the German mystic and theologian Meister Eckhart (whose more penetrative, introspective mysticism nevertheless contrasts with hers) has likewise suggested the spread of her thought in the late medieval period. Although her poetry and prose continued to be inscribed in fifteenth-century rapiaria (early modern anthologies of writing and thought), by the sixteenth century Hadewijch had fallen into obscurity. Her writings were rediscovered in 1838 by medievalists who began to study manuscripts in possession of the Royal Library of Brussels. The first modern critical editions of her works were edited by Jozef Van Mierlo and published between 1924 and 1952. Since then, translations of her poetry and prose have appeared in English, German, French, and Italian, as well as modern Dutch.
In the contemporary period, critical attention to Hadewijch's writings has expanded rapidly. Among several areas of interest, a number of late twentieth-century scholars have highlighted the orientation of Hadewijch's writing toward a female audience, and have analyzed her poetic evocation of gender and the body, including her occasional use of sexualized images to describe an ecstatic union with God. Indeed, feminist-oriented scholarship has proven to be one of the most compelling fields of modern Hadewijch study, especially in regard to her somewhat enigmatic Visions. Her other prose works, the Letters, have been lauded for their formal artistry and clarity of expression, while her verse has been deemed crucial to the development of Dutch vernacular writing. Theodoor Weevers (1960) writes, "Hadewijch ranks with the earlier Dante … as one of the great masters who, towards the close of the era of courtly chivalry, transformed the troubadour lyric with its rigidly circumscribed conventions into a form capable of expressing the highest aspirations of the human soul." Summarizing generally laudatory modern perceptions, Ria Vanderauwera (1984) regards Hadewijch "as one of the most gifted literary geniuses of her period" who holds a prominent place in the canon of Dutch literature.
Principal Works
Brieven [Letters] (letters) mid-thirteenth century
Mengeldichten [Poems in Couplets] (poetry) mid-thirteenth century
Strofische Gedichten [Poems in Stanzas] (poetry) mid-thirteenth century
Visioenen [Visions] (prose) mid-thirteenth century
Hadewijch: Strofische Gedichten (edited by J. Van Mierlo) 1924
De Visioenen van Hadewijch (edited by J. Van Mierlo) 1925
Hadewijch: Brieven (edited by J. Van Mierlo) 1947
Hadewijch: Mengeldichten (edited by J. Van Mierlo) 1952
Hadewijch: The Complete...
(The entire section is 68 words.)
Stephanus Axters (essay date 1954)
SOURCE: Axters, Stephanus. "Before Ruysbroeck." In The Spirituality of the Old Low Countries, translated by Donald Attwater, pp. 9-28. London: Blackfriars Publications, 1954.
[In the following excerpt, Axters sums up Hadewijch's mystical and literary sensibility, arguing that she "spiritualized courtly love" in the thirteenth century.]
The identification of the mystic called Hadewijch has been a nightmare to philologists for nearly a century. One of the latest hypotheses is that of Father J. van Mierlo, S.J., who seeks to identify her with a béguine of Nivelles named Helwig of Saint Cyr, who was buried at the abbey of Villers in 1269. However that may...
(The entire section is 999 words.)
Theodoor Weevers (essay date 1960)
SOURCE: Weevers, Theodoor. "The Netherlands in Medieval Literature." In Poetry of the Netherlands in its European Context 1170-1930, pp. 7-45. London: The Athlone Press, 1960.
[In the following excerpt, Weevers concentrates on Hadewijch's style and major poetic influences: Henric van Veldeke, Provençal troubadours, Rhineland Minnesingers, and Latin devotional verse.]
[T]he appearance of the lyrical genius Hadewijch in the first half of the thirteenth century well-nigh compels us to assume a continuation of the Dutch courtly lyric in the period after 1180. Such consummate mastery as hers is inexplicable but for the existence of a native tradition of...
(The entire section is 5007 words.)
Mother Columba Hart (essay date 1980)
SOURCE: Hart, Mother Columba. Introduction to Hadewijch: The Complete Works, translated by Mother Columba Hart, O.S.B., pp. 1-42. New York: Paulist Press, 1980.
[In the following excerpt, Hart surveys the life of Hadewijch, highlighting significant themes and concepts in her letters, stanzaic poetry, and mystical visions.]
In the early thirteenth century the religious currents stirring in western Europe showed particular vitality throughout the Low Countries. In this new and strong movement of devotion, which sought a return to the pure spirit of the Gospel, both nuns and secular women took part. A number of women mystics...
(The entire section is 12055 words.)
Ria Vanderauwera (essay date 1984)
SOURCE: Vanderauwera, Ria. "The Brabant Mystic: Hadewijch." In Medieval Women Writers, edited by Katharina M. Wilson, pp. 186-203. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1984.
[In the following excerpted introduction to her selected translation of Hadewijch's writing, Vanderauwera summarizes the content and critical history of Hadewijch's literary works, as well as her status as the representative Dutch mystic writer of the thirteenth century.]
Of Hadewijch, we know only her name, texts (poetry and prose), and a few scattered references. Nonetheless we recognize her as one of the foremost representatives of early minnemystiek, a brand of mysticism to which...
(The entire section is 3663 words.)
Emilie Zum Brunn and Georgette Epiney-Burgard (essay date 1989)
SOURCE: Zum Brunn, Emilie, and Georgette Epiney-Burgard. "Hadewijch of Antwerp: Introduction." In Women Mystics in Medieval Europe, translated by Sheila Hughes, pp. 97-139. New York: Paragon House, 1989.
[In the following excerpt, Zum Brunn and Epiney-Burgard relate what is known of Hadewijch's life and survey the spiritual themes of her written works.]
After having been acclaimed and quoted in the fourteenth century by John Ruysbroeck and his disciple, John of Leeuwen,1 Hadewijch's works, of which only four manuscripts remain, were more or less entirely forgotten until they were rediscovered in the nineteenth...
(The entire section is 7202 words.)
Theresia de Vroom (essay date fall 1990)
SOURCE: de Vroom, Theresia. "Hadewijch van Antwerpen (c. 1250)." Canadian Journal of Netherlandic Studies 11, no. 2 (fall 1990): 4-10.
[In the following essay, de Vroom encapsulates Hadewijch's literary depiction of the theme of Minne (Love, or "the way in which the soul experiences its relation to God").]
Hadewijch's works were both popular and influential. Translated from Diets (the middle-Netherlandic dialect in which she wrote), they survive in several medieval versions.1 The great Flemish mystic Jan van Ruysbroek (1293-1381) took some of his most important ideas from Hadewijch and passed his reverence for the "heylich glorieus wijf,...
(The entire section is 3686 words.)
John Giles Milhaven (essay date 1993)
SOURCE: Milhaven, John Giles. "Hadewijch and the Mutuality of Love." In Hadewijch and Her Sisters: Other Ways of Loving and Knowing, pp. 3-72. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993.
[In the following excerpt, Milhaven evaluates Hadewijch as a theologian, comparing her views on divinity and her experience of God with those of Bernard of Clairvaux, Augustine, Pseudo-Dionysius, and others.]
The theologian, Hadewijch, lived in a Beguinage somewhere in the Low Countries during the middle of the thirteenth century.1 Beguines were devout women largely of noble families, who lived in self-supporting community, and breaking with precedent, chose to...
(The entire section is 11241 words.)
Elizabeth Alvilda Petroff (essay date 1994)
SOURCE: Petroff, Elizabeth Alvilda. "Gender, Knowledge, and Power in Hadewijch's Strophische Gedichten." In Body and Soul: Essays on Medieval Women and Mysticism, pp. 182-203. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.
[In the following essay, Petroff studies Hadewijch's representation of desire and gender reconciled through love in her Strofische Gedichten.]
Hadewijch's Strophische Gedichten1 is a collection of poems on the theme of Minne, or Lady Love. In these sophisticated and confident lyrics, the great Dutch mystic and poet re-creates some of the themes, images, and metrical forms of the Provençal love lyric to explore the...
(The entire section is 8175 words.)
Saskia Murk-Jansen (essay date 1994)
SOURCE: Murk-Jansen, Saskia. "Hadewijch and Eckhart: Amor intellegere est." In Meister Eckhart and the Beguine Mystics: Hadewijch of Brabant, Mechthild of Magdeburg, and Marguerite Porete, edited by Bernard McGinn, pp. 17-30. New York: Continuum, 1994.
[In the following essay, Murk-Jansen traces thematic affinities between Hadewijch's works and those of German theologian Meister Eckhart.]
Academics today may be forgiven for wondering why so little attention has been paid to the question of influence between Hadewijch and Eckhart, or at least to the possibility of common themes in their work. Hadewijch, after all, was writing around the middle of the thirteenth...
(The entire section is 6364 words.)
Mary A. Suydam (essay date fall 1996)
SOURCE: Suydam, Mary A. "The Touch of Satisfaction: Visions and the Religious Experience According to Hadewijch of Antwerp." Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 12, no. 2 (fall 1996): 5-27.
[In the following essay, Suydam offers a comparative analysis of Hadewijch's Visions, Letters and Mengeldichten using the tools of feminist criticism to discover the manner in which these mystical writings challenge the hierarchies and dichotomies of religious literature.]
Hadewijch of Antwerp, a thirteenth-century Dutch Beguine, was a gifted writer, poet, and mystic. She was one of the first authors to shape the Dutch language into written form.1...
(The entire section is 10278 words.)
Saskia M. Murk-Jansen (essay date 1996)
SOURCE: Murk-Jansen, Saskia M. "The Use of Gender and Gender-Related Imagery in Hadewijch." In Gender and Text in the Later Middle Ages, edited by Jane Chance, pp. 52-68. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1996.
[In the following essay, Murk-Jansen explores Hadewijch's use of gender reversal and gendered imagery to create a language of God oriented toward a female audience.]
Images are multivalent, and none more so than images of gender, which not only reflect a multiplicity of meanings to any one reader but also mean different things to men and women. Furthermore, gender-related images are not always primarily, or even at all, about gender, about the...
(The entire section is 6376 words.)
Shawn Madigan (essay date 1998)
SOURCE: Madigan, Shawn. "Hadewijch (Thirteenth Century): I Am All Love's and Love Is All Mine." In Mystics, Visionaries, and Prophets: A Historical Anthology of Women's Spiritual Writings, edited by Shawn Madigan, C.S.J., pp. 166-90. Minneapolis, Minn.: Fortress Press, 1998.
[In the following excerpt, Madigan introduces Hadewijch's love songs and provides background information regarding her status as a thirteenth-century beguine.]
Hadewijch probably lived in the thirteenth century, a century of many diverse movements. On the one hand, the papacy had reached a height of political power. On the other hand, the papal office had lost its influence as a spiritual and...
(The entire section is 2490 words.)
Mary Suydam (essay date 1999)
SOURCE: Suydam, Mary. "'Ever in Unrest': Translating Hadewijch of Antwerp's Mengeldichten." Women's Studies 28 (1999): 157-84.
[In the following essay, Suydam considers the problems inherent in translating medieval texts and contends that it is a mistake to assume that Hadewijch's use of gendered pronouns was based on the gender of the noun referent.]
In recent years scholars addressing religious works written by women in the medieval period have become increasingly attuned to the interconnections between gender and power. This focus is partially attributable to the growth of feminist scholarship and partially to post-structuralist theories....
(The entire section is 8356 words.)
Donald F. Duclow (essay date July 2000)
SOURCE: Duclow, Donald F. "The Hungers of Hadewijch and Eckhart." Journal of Religion 80, no. 3 (July 2000): 421-41.
[In the following essay, Duclow highlights mystical symbolism associated with eating and hunger in the works of Hadewijch and Meister Eckhart.]
"During these last decades the interest in professional fasting has markedly diminished. It used to pay very well to stage such great performances, … but today that is quite impossible."1 So begins Kafka's story "The Hunger Artist," featuring the fictional last of a starving breed. Yet as Kafka and his artist knew, with changing tastes, "fasting would surely come into fashion again at...
(The entire section is 8306 words.)
Further Reading
Dietrich, Paul A. "The Wilderness of God in Hadewijch II and Meister Eckhart and His Circle." In Meister Eckhart and the Beguine Mystics: Hadewijch of Brabant, Mechthild of Magdeburg, and Marguerite Porete, edited by Bernard McGinn, pp. 31-43. New York: Continuum, 1994.
Comparative analysis of mystical imagery in Mengeldichten, Eckhart's Granum Sinapis, and Johannes Tauler's Song of Bareness.
Guest, Tanis M. "Psychology and Style: Contrast, Paradox, and Other Features." In Some Aspects of Hadewijch's Poetic Form in the 'Strofische Gedichten,' pp. 118-47. The Hague Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff, 1975....
(The entire section is 239 words.)


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WAEC moves Halloween parade
The dead, the faeries and the superheros won't walk at WAEC this Halloween.
Warren Area Elementary Center (WAEC) has moved its Halloween parade.
The annual event won't be held during Halloween festivities at the school on Thursday, Oct. 31, rather, it will be an optional event held during the school's fall open house on Monday, Oct. 28.
"With the addition of K (kindergarten) and first grade to WAEC, I thought it was a good time to think about our traditions and what could be changed for the better," WAEC Principal Ann Ryan said.
WAEC Parent Teacher Organization (PTO) President Shelly Ristau said there were practical concerns behind the change.
"We are very limited with volunteers who have had a negative tuberculosis test and volunteer form on file," Ristau said. "Activities, with volunteers needed to work the activity, currently need to be scaled down due to lack of manpower. Combining activities may continue to be a necessity. The open house on Oct. 28 is also when all of the fundraiser pickups Yankee Candle, Oakbrook and Zapasnacks are to occur."
"When I spoke to teachers about some options, I thought it would be a good idea to ask students who had been through WAEC Halloween festivities before," Ryan said. "So we asked third, fourth and fifth graders what they thought about the parade and parties. In general, the older the child, the less interested they were in the parade and the more they wanted a longer party. However, many still wanted a parade."
So how do you include a parade without including a parade?
The school's solution was to move it. In this case, to the open house.
Under the new plan, students who wish to participate in the parade need to arrive at their classrooms at WAEC, in costume, by 5:15 p.m. The parade will begin at 5:20 p.m.
"Parents should remember students can't bring anything that looks like a weapon as part of a costume," Ryan emphasized. "No fake or real guns, knives, blades, that sort of thing, are allowed on school property regardless of the time of day for the event."
Students will parade around the classroom wing allowing other students to see their costumes before they leave the wing and move through the lobby to the cafeteria and into the gym. Weather permitting, students will exit the gym and walk down the driveway, around the back playground behind the school and through the amphitheater to a back door.
Students will return to their classrooms by 6 p.m.
"An evening parade allows students who don't wish to participate to avoid it without being obvious," Ryan said.
Family members watching the parade will be limited to the main or gym lobby, cafeteria and gym. If weather permits, families will be able to watch from the amphitheater and playground. Families are asked not to try to watch from the classroom hallway due to space concerns.
"In the past, the parade was held during school hours and many parents were never able to attend," Ryan said. "I hope switching it to an evening activity will allow more parents to be part of the fun."
Ryan admitted parking concerns are a factor at WAEC.
"We are a large school and with that comes logistical concerns," Ryan said. "During the open house, there will be a shuttle bus going through the parking lots at WAHS (Warren Area High School) to transport people up the hill to the school."
The open house falls on the same night as the Warren County School District board of directors' committee meetings at the Warren County Career Center.
Ryan said concerns over student privacy were also a consideration.
"We have children whose images cannot be released to the public," Ryan pointed out. "Families who do not want to participate in the activities do not need to do so. This way, parents can choose to participate in an event many people record and then post to the Internet."
According to Ristau, hot dogs, popcorn and drinks will be available for purchase during the open house.
Students will still celebrate on Halloween during the school day, but events will focus on the class Halloween parties and full costumes will not be allowed.
"Each classroom will hold a Halloween party," Ryan said. "Without the parade on the same day, there is less of a time restriction on the parties and things are a little more relaxed and, I hope, more enjoyable for the students.
"We told the children to wear part of their costume, or Halloween "spirit wear", like T-shirts and socks. Part of this is to make the day more comfortable. We are still holding classes that day and a child in their full costume is easily distracted and distracting to others.
"Also, I would think a parent would rather they save their costume for trick or treating. A full day at school in your costume is rough on an expensive costume."
Ryan also said the school is aware of parent concerns over the change.
"Some parents are upset by this change, however, I've had many parents happy they will be able to participate for the first time," Ryan said. "Many people can't leave work to go to a school event at 1:30 (p.m.). All we can do is give it a try."


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French painting
The Toilet of Venus
François Boucher
Paris, 1703 - Paris, 1770
Circa 1760, oil on canvas, 143 x 96 cm
Picture Gallery
François Boucher, the favourite painter of Louis XV, is often associated with the Rococo style and licentious painting. With his work for the royals, he was above all a painter-decorator. He illustrates mythological stories with romantic allusions.
In these two oval paintings, originally designed as overdoors, François Boucher portrayed two episodes in the life of Venus: "Venus Asleep" and "The Toilet". The goddess of love was one of the painter's favourite subjects. For him, it was an occasion to show the sensual figure of a radiant beautiful young woman.
In these two paintings, the goddess' pose is perfectly suited to the oval frame: her exceedingly lithe body follows the curve.
In "Venus Asleep", the goddess rests on a pile of creased fabric, from which a column emerges. A funny little detail: Venus is holding her pearl necklace, whereas she was first portrayed armed with two arrows. They can still be easily distinguished on the painting.
The tray filled with jewellery expresses Boucher's taste for precious objects.
In "The Toilet", Venus appears to be floating on a sea of clouds that stand out against a pearly sky. Her arms make a very gracious slight gesture, while her eyes lower to a peacock. On the left a mirror with a gilt and scribed frame is emerging, evoking the rocaille style that was popular during the reign of Louis XV, marked by the personality of Madame de Pompadour, of whom Boucher was the protégé.
Accompanying Venus are cupids, chubby and slightly impertinent babies, who, by their relations with the goddess, evoke that atmosphere of romantic mythology and joie de vivre that characterised 18th century France, and the works of Boucher in particular.
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Legal Marijuana Industry Launches Its First Job Fair
DENVER ( MainStreet) Two things in great demand jobs and marijuana will converge in the Mile High City on Thursday at what is being billed as "CannaSearch," the first-ever job fair for the legal marijuana industry .
Job seekers needn't worry about peeing in a cup. "If we had a drug test, it would be to try something and tell us how it was," joked Tim Cullen, co-owner of O.PenVAPE, the company that organized the event.
The nascent weed industry seeks qualified professionals in sales, marketing, accounting, information technology, quality control, horticulture and administration, said Todd Mitchem, O.PenVAPE's chief revenue officer. It's quickly getting to be just like every other business.
"Jobseekers will be pleasantly surprised at the number of well-paying, mainstream positions," he said.
O.PenVAPE bills itself as the largest national brand in cannabis. It operates businesses in Colorado, California and Washington. It plans to next set up shops in Oregon and Massachusetts as it sets its sights on a nation that is incrementally legalizing pot.
Since 1996, 20 states and the District of Columbia have decriminalized medical marijuana. This year, Colorado and Washington state legalized recreational use of the drug. And wherever weed goes, O.PenVAPE plans to grow .
So far, O.PenVAPE employs 125 people. It is one of a handful of companies that Cullen owns with his business partner, Ralph Morgan. Their companies provide an integrated production line from seed to sale. They sell just about everything from plants that customers can grow in their gardens, or their basements, to pens that vaporize cannabis oils and can be puffed like e-cigarettes.
As a leader in the industry, O.PenVAPE hopes to showcase the jobs that legal marijuana is creating. Several companies have signed up to present job opportunities at O.PenVAPE's downtown Denver headquarters.
Mitchem offered a wide range of guesses as to how many people will show up at the fair, which will run from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. at 10th and 1058 Delaware St -- maybe 100, maybe 1,000 attendees. There's no registration required. Some people have called the company from out of state, so it could even be more.
Colorado's unemployment rate, at 6.2%, is healthier than that of the rest of the nation, but many jobseekers are looking to trade up to better-paying jobs, or to get involved in a fast-growing industry that might offer more room for advancement. O.PenVAPE's 6,000-square-foot office could be swiftly overrun by throngs of job hunters and curiosity seekers.
Dixie Elixirs , O.PenVAPE's biggest competitor, will be among the companies scouting for employees at CannaSearch. The company infuses marijuana into everything from candies to soda pop. It employs about 45 people and adds about one or two more every week, said its founder Tripp Keber, who is currently at work building a 30,000 square-foot factory.


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Insurance reform? Report hits back
Democrats suggest that a state regulator's draft report criticizing candidate Rod Smith's plan has surfaced now to unfairly discredit the party.
By JONI JAMES
Published August 18, 2006
TALLAHASSEE - As a candidate for governor, Democrat Rod Smith has no real power to influence the state's insurance market. But that hasn't kept government regulators from criticizing an insurance reform plan that is part of his campaign.
The regulator's report was sought by staff of the Republican-controlled Legislature, and Democrats suggest it might be circulating now to discredit Smith and other party candidates in an election year.
The report was prepared by Florida's Office of Insurance Regulation, and it is highly critical of the Democrats' plan to convert the state's retail insurer, Citizens Property, and the state's reinsurance fund, into a new fund that would cover the first $100,000 in wind damage on any Florida home.
Under the plan, first offered last spring by Democrats including Smith, a state senator from Alachua, private insurers would be required to cover all other perils for homeowners, such as fire, liability and windstorm damage in excess of $100,000.
The government analysis, dated Aug. 2 and labeled "draft," contends the Democrats' plan would have led to a deficit of at least a $16.4-billion after the 2004 and 2005 hurricane seasons. The money would have been recouped from all Florida property insurance policyholders or the state's budget.
The report goes on to note that figure is nearly three times the $5.9-billion deficit created under the current system. The 2006 Legislature dedicated $715-million in state revenue toward that debt earlier this year, but all property insurance policyholders will have to pay off the rest through assessments over the next few years.
Just last week, Senate President Tom Lee of Valrico, a Republican candidate for chief financial officer, cited the report as evidence that the Democrats' proposal won't work and could bankrupt the state.
But Democratic leaders are calling the analysis highly flawed and question if it's being circulated now to discredit their chances in November elections for governor and other state offices.
The Democrats say the regulators misunderstood the proposal, made dubious assumptions about its structure - including assigning high overhead costs - and purposely limited their analysis to the two worst storm years in Florida history, when any insurance plan would run a deficit.
"It's just absurd," said state Rep. Dan Gelber, D-Miami Beach, the House's incoming minority leader. "It's an analysis intended to scrap the plan, not to honestly evaluate it."
Said David Kochman, communications director for the Smith campaign: "The way the plan is designed to work is it's meant to be a long-term solution. To look at two worst years on the books in a vacuum is unfair and an inaccurate analysis."
Bob Lotane, spokesman for Insurance Commissioner Kevin McCarty, said politics played no role in the study. Legislative staff charged with vetting insurance reform ideas asked for the analysis in June, Lotane said. The regulator delivered copies of the five-page report earlier this month to the legislators' insurance committees and the governor's office.
"It was a serious proposal and it needed to be seriously looked at," Lotane said. "That has to include these two years. Now, we could have added 7 to 10 years of nonhurricane years to make it balance, but based on what we're being told about hurricane activity over that time, that would not have been prudent."
McCarty is appointed by Gov. Jeb Bush and the state's three other Cabinet officers, all jobs held by Republicans.
The competing views highlight a recurring theme in this year's most hotly debated campaign issue, property insurance: While all gubernatorial candidates have offered plans for making property insurance more available, and each says he will find a way to bring down its costs, specifics are scarce.
That leaves a lot of opportunity for criticism.
Republican Attorney General Charlie Crist, for example, has proposed forcing all auto insurers who sell property insurance in other states to write policies here. But he has yet to produce actuarial studies to show that would increase private insurance coverage and not just drive auto insurers from the market, as critics have said. Others have questioned whether the policy would be legal.
As a result, Crist's primary opponent, Chief Financial Officer Tom Gallagher, frequently says on the campaign trail, "If it was that easy, we'd already have done it."
Similarly, Smith's primary opponent, U.S. Rep. Jim Davis, D-Tampa, has criticized Smith's idea, saying he feared it would leave the state with unlimited liability for hurricane damage.
Supporters of the statewide windstorm pool acknowledge they lack specific data when it comes to proving their plan would offer rate relief long-term.
A full actuarial study would cost roughly $50,000, Gelber said.
"We always anticipated when we introduced the plan that the state would do it. We don't have the money for that," he said.
But Democrats and their consultants, including J. Robert Hunter, insurance director for the Consumer Federation of America, contend spreading a basic level of windstorm coverage across the entire state would lead to lower rates in part because all the coverage would be tax-free. Citizens enjoys tax-free status, as an instrument of the state; private insurers do not.
"We are at a tipping point where the private insurers in effect have abdicated their responsibility," Hunter said. "Whatever the state does, it needs to be bold. What we've done for 10 years is failing."
Key to the report is the finding that nearly 9 out of every 10 dollars in wind damage in 2004 and 2005 involved homes suffering less than $100,000 damage.
To reach that conclusion, however, analysts had to rely largely on Citizens' data because they had no access to claims data from private insurers, the report notes.
The state also assumed the windstorm pool would operate like Citizens, with individual policies. The Democrats have said the coverage would be fully integrated into the traditional homeowners policy bought through a private insurer.
Another key part of the Democrat's plan would be dedicating at least half of any additional sales tax revenue generated from hurricane rebuilding efforts to the windstorm pool's fund to offset claims.
The Democratic plan is still evolving. Smith, for example, says he's not wedded to the fund covering the first $100,000 in damage. The amount could be lower or higher, depending on what actuaries say will work. He also has suggested the coverage might kick in only after major hurricanes or multiple storms in a single year.
"It may be that when we go through all the numbers that there may need to be some threshold before it kicks in," said Kochman, Smith's communications director.
Lotane said state regulators did the best analysis they could with a plan that is still evolving.
"We can't take the rosiest scenario."


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Intercultural Knowledge and Competence
"I have sought teachers in all areas of my life who would challenge me beyond what I might select for myself, and in and through that challenge allow me a space of radical openness where I am truly free to choose—able to learn and grow without limits ... The classroom, with all its limitations, remains a location of possibility. In that field of possibility we have the opportunity to labor for freedom, to demand of ourselves and our comrades, an openness of mind and heart that allows us to face reality even as we collectively imagine ways to move beyond boundaries, to transgress." - bell hooks, Teaching to Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom
Intercultural knowledge and competence is the understanding of one's own culture as well as cultures beyond one's own; the recognition of the cultural values and history, language, traditions, arts, and social institutions of a group of people; the ability to negotiate and bridge cultural differences in ways that allow for broader perspectives to emerge; and the skill to investigate a wide range of world views, beliefs, practices, and values.
UW Oshkosh Intercultural Learning Outcomes
Responsibility, as Individuals and Communities: Intercultural Knowledge and Competence
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Product Description
KCNC redesigned their top-of-the line brake calipers for 2010 and replaced the venerable CB1 with the all new C7. The CB1 was an amazingly light brake but was not quite stiff enough for heavier riders. By completely redesigning the calipers, KCNC managed to greatly increase the stiffness with a minimal 2 gram increase in weight.
Weight: 170 grams
Weight: 170 grams


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Tres Leches Cake with Mango
- Vegetable oil, for greasing
- 4 large eggs
- 1 cup sugar
- 2/3 cup unsalted butter, melted
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
- 2 1/4 cups whole milk
- 1 1/2 cups cake flour
- 1 teaspoon baking powder
- 1/4 teaspoon salt
- 12 -ounce can evaporated milk
- 14 -ounce can sweetened condensed milk
- 1 tablespoon dark rum
- 2 large ripe mangoes
- 3 tablespoons sugar
- 1 cup heavy cream
- Ground cinnamon, for sprinkling
Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F. Grease an 8-inch square baking pan with vegetable oil and line the bottom with parchment paper.
Make the cake: Beat the eggs and sugar in a large bowl with a mixer until pale and slightly thick, about 6 minutes. Slowly beat in the melted butter, then beat in the vanilla and 1/4 cup whole milk.
Whisk the flour, baking powder and salt in a bowl. Sift the flour mixture over the egg mixture, then gently fold together with a rubber spatula to make a thick batter. Transfer the batter to the prepared pan and bake until a toothpick inserted into the center of the cake comes out clean, about 30 minutes. Run a knife along the edges to release the cake from the pan.
Meanwhile, whisk the remaining 2 cups whole milk, the evaporated milk, condensed milk and rum in a bowl. Pierce the warm cake all over with a fork, then pour the milk mixture gradually and evenly on top, letting the cake absorb the liquid until all is used. Cover and refrigerate at least 1 hour or overnight.
Before serving, make the topping: Peel, pit and dice the mangoes. Puree half the mangoes in a blender with 2 tablespoons sugar. Transfer to a bowl and fold in the remaining diced mango.In a separate bowl, beat the heavy cream and the remaining 1 tablespoon sugar with a mixer until soft peaks form. Slice the cake; top each piece with the whipped cream and sprinkle with cinnamon. Serve the mango topping on the side.
Photograph by Con Poulos
Courtesy of Food Network Magazine
Cooking Tips
More Recipes and Ideas
Tres Leches Cake
Recipe courtesy of Ingrid Hoffmann
Pina Colada Tres Leches Cakes
Recipe courtesy of Ree Drummond
Coffee-Caramel Tres Leches Cake
Recipe courtesy of Food Network Kitchen


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Debates of Oct. 24th, 2005
House of Commons Hansard #140 of the 38th Parliament, 1st Session. (The original version is on Parliament's site.) The word of the day was security.
- Question Period
- Old Age Security Act
- Telecommunications Act
- Business of the House
- Telecommunications Act
- London Police Service
- Agriculture
- Philippine Heritage Band
- Bernard Voyer
- Durham District School Board
- Gordon Russell
- Entrepreneur of the Year Award
- Chatelaine Magazine
- International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
- Cambridge Memorial Hospital
- Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
- Burma
- Grand Council of the Crees
- Aboriginal Communities
- United Nations Charter
- Asian Bicycle Imports
- Intergovernmental Affairs
- Softwood Lumber
- Health
- Softwood Lumber
- Health
- Softwood Lumber
- Housing
- Justice
- Government Contracts
- Intergovernmental Affairs
- Softwood Lumber
- Canada Post
- Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
- Agriculture
- Middle East
- The Environment
- National Defence
- Intergovernmental Affairs
- Health
- Presence in Gallery
- Parliamentary Delegations
- Privilege
- Certificates of Nomination
- Government Response to Petitions
- Points of Order
- Committees of the House
- Petitions
- Questions on the Order Paper
- Telecommunications Act
- Business of the House
- Telecommunications Act
- Criminal Code
- U.S. Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative
Telecommunications Act
Government Orders
1:25 p.m.
Werner Schmidt Kelowna, BC
Madam Speaker, the member was a hard-working member of the committee and asked many thoughtful questions and made many very useful interventions. There is one intervention for which we did not receive an answer, at least I do not recall receiving one but perhaps he does. The question has to do with the cost of the registry itself.
It seems that this registry is supposed to be self-supporting in terms of the money that it generates, in that the people who are involved will pay for the services rendered. It is something like a $2 million initial fee to set it up, or something like that, I am not quite sure. The hon. member probably remembers in detail.
Would the member speculate about the possible costs after it is set up? It seems that the firearms registry was originally supposed to cost $2 million, which is a number somewhat similar to the present one, and that one I think has mushroomed to a number that is way beyond the $2 million. I think it is approaching $2 billion now. I wonder if the hon. member could tell us what he thinks will happen to the actual cost of the do not call registry.
Telecommunications Act
Government Orders
1:30 p.m.
Brian Masse Windsor West, ON
Madam Speaker, the hon. member for Kelowna—Lake Country and I have been on the industry committee for a couple of years and I have enjoyed his interventions there as well.
The hon. member has raised a very good point. The testimony we had regarding the cost was vague. Between $1.5 million to $2 million was the suggested cost in setting it up. It does seem eerily familiar in terms of other registries set up by the government. That is why we insisted on an early review of it.
It is very important to note that a big change could happen in terms of some of the charitable organizations or businesses in that their calls may whittled down, but at the same time they will have to pay for this registry. Small businesses are affected by this and they would not necessarily have the same resources in structure or finances to weather the storm of change as some larger businesses might have. It could be significant. That burden cannot be passed on to them alone. There has to be a greater accountability.
The CRTC seemed a little surprised that it would be enrolled through that system. It begs the question, is that the best vehicle for doing this? Will it have the proper support from the government under its current mandate as well as this additional duty to do the job effectively and not pass off a system that might become so dysfunctional or difficult to deal with that the costs escalate quite significantly?
There are two issues here. I spoke extensively about those groups and organizations that could be affected and I will not reiterate that. I would point out that it could lead to a list which is not very good for the Canadian public, if it is not updated as often as it should be, if it is not as accurate as it should be, or if it is not as accountable as it should be. All of those things could lead to greater frustration by the Canadian public about the value of a do not call list. If that happens, there would be an erosion of Canadian confidence in the registry, as we have seen with the long gun registry. There would be further frustration out there.
That is why we should focus on the fact that there has to be reports back to Parliament. That is not sufficient in itself, though it was the reason we insisted upon the three year review.
Quite frankly, this would mean a significant shift in our GDP if there are major changes and businesses and charitable organizations lose access to revenue. It affects not only the employees but also the services in our communities related to funds generated through telephone solicitation.
Once again, the reason that the New Democrats support it and I believe everybody in the House of Commons supports it is that at the end of the day we should have some ability to choose how we are contacted in our homes. That is why we are supporting the bill.
The hon. member raised a very important question in that it can erode the confidence of the Canadian public if the system becomes one that is not sufficiently able to keep up with the workload. We have to ensure that it will be accountable to the taxpayers.
Telecommunications Act
Government Orders
1:30 p.m.
Paul Szabo Mississauga South, ON
Madam Speaker, the member mentioned a significant negative impact on charities as a consequence of the bill. I am pretty sure that under new section 41.7, which lists the exemptions, registered charities under the meaning of section 248(1) of the Income Tax Act are exempt.
Would the member care to clarify what he said, that this would adversely affect charities?
Telecommunications Act
Government Orders
1:30 p.m.
Brian Masse Windsor West, ON
Madam Speaker, I would be happy to clarify that because it is one of the things on which I have frustration with the government. It has separated the charities. Those not registered as charities under the Income Tax Act will have the possibility of being completely denied access to telephone solicitation. We are talking about firefighters associations, police associations, the Lions clubs and a whole series of groups like Greenpeace and MADD. A number of groups and organizations may not necessarily get the exemptions.
We have been pushing for provincial standards. For example, in the province of Alberta they are considered the same. We have another bill related to federal income tax incorporation which eventually will bring these other groups into line with those types of current procedures.
We believe we should not be tiering charitable organizations like that. If the CRTC, when it has its hearings with the company that is procured to do this, blocks some of these charitable organizations out, then we will see them left with no ability to raise funds in the way they have done in the past.
That is important. At times, some of these organizations use telephone solicitation to not only to reach their current donor groups but also to expand them. They can do that through small contracts. They employ a contractor for example to do a region, and they take advantage of that.
I used to work for a telephone solicitation marketing company which did charitable procurement for our firefighters. It was contracted out to sell circus tickets so the firefighters association burn victims program would be able to raise funds. It was able to do that regionally, which was necessary.
I hate to see those types of opportunities denied to these groups and associations, which is the potential with the bill. There are anomalies that could affect those groups and organizations. That is why the review is important. We could have a series of groups and organizations that have lost their stream of revenue or that cannot expand upon their system coming back to Parliament. That is a reality we are dealing with in the bill. Having the differentiation between them is the reason for that.
Telecommunications Act
Government Orders
1:35 p.m.
Paul Szabo Mississauga South, ON
Madam Speaker, I have found the debate so far to be very constructive. I am pleased that all parties appear to be in support of Bill C-37, the do not call list legislation, for the obvious reasons. Canadians are absolutely fed up with the intrusions on their personal lives.
I will comment briefly about the bill and then address the issue about registries and the relationship some members have drawn between the firearms registry and the do not call registry. As well, I will comment on the point raised by the member in his speech with regard to the impact of Bill C-37 on charities, which is not exactly a fair reflection of what we are talking about. These organizations are not for profit and are not registered charities. They do not issue receipts but fundraise for charitable purposes. That is the difference.
Based on polls cited by Industry Canada, 97% of Canadians have a negative reaction to these kinds of calls. Anyone with a valid telephone number will get a call and it will come at the worst possible time. All hon. members have received those kinds of calls.
Under the existing regulatory framework, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission is responsible for this area. The CRTC definition of telemarketing is the use of telecommunication facilities to make unsolicited calls for the purpose of solicitation where solicitation is defined as selling or promoting a product or service or soliciting money or moneys worth whether directly or indirectly and whether on behalf of another party. This includes solicitation for donations by or on behalf of charitable organizations. That is the way the law exists today.
As many members have noted, the industry committee has made a number of changes. These substantial changes have been highlighted on the reprint that came back from committee.
Current CRTC regulations state that telemarketers must remove a customer's name and telephone number from their calling lists upon request. Most members are well aware that it is pretty difficult for someone to get a word in edgewise with a telemarketer. If an individual has not given some indication that there is some interest in listening to the rest of the message, that call is terminated fairly quickly. Clearly something had to be done.
Under the current regulations, telemarketers who fail to comply with that regulation or other regulations can have their service suspended or disconnected by the telecommunications service provider. Penalties range anywhere from $10,000 to $250,000.
Telemarketing is a very lucrative business. About 18% of telemarketing calls result in some business being done. That is the reason why many telemarketing businesses are opposed to the legislation. It will impact their business.
The commission observed specifically that there would be better enforcement if the commission itself imposed appropriate fines on telemarketers that breached the rules. This is included in the bill. There also is the ability for the commission to delegate various administrative duties. It means that another independent organization could be established to administer the operations and administration of the do not call list. This is yet to be determined. I know a number of questions have been raised about the operations, the administration and certainly the cost.
As indicated at committee stage, a number of changes were made. When one thinks about it, the bill would establish a do not call list and would provide the legislative framework for the creation of the list and the administration of a national do not call list. This is important because now we would provide a one-instrument vehicle in which Canadians could say that they wanted to be on the list because they did not want to receive unsolicited calls from people trying to sell them goods or services for profit.
The major changes that have been made to the bill by the committee have to do with exemptions. The member who spoke previously talked about the exemptions, most significantly the exemption for a registered charity within the meaning of section 248 of the Income Tax Act.
We all understand the importance of charitable giving. I also have received a number of interventions from charitable groups and organizations that have registered charities, have a licence number and are able to issue receipts to Canadians who patronize their organizations, whether it be the local hospital, the Red Cross, the Terry Fox campaign or whatever it might be. These kinds of things the committee believe, and I think Canadians would acknowledge, are very significant instruments which have been used by the charitable sector to seek support for their charities.
The member who just spoke stated that there would be some impairment on the charitable sector. That is not exactly the case for a registered charity. We are talking about not for profit organizations that may very well do what would be characterized as charitable work or community service work. He mentioned, for example, the local Lions Club or Mothers Against Drunk Driving, et cetera. These organizations are not registered charities. They would not be exempt and would have to apply.
They are eligible, however, to apply to register as a charity and to have the full exemption that other charities enjoy. To the extent that traditional telemarketing techniques are a principal source of their revenue, it may very well be in their interest to register as a charity pursuant to section 248(1) of the Income Tax Act.
Three other exemptions that have not been talked about very much are also important. Political parties would be exempt. This probably will not excite a lot of the public because that means political parties will be able to continue to utilize their broadcast calling techniques for support purposes. A nomination contestant, a leadership contestant or a candidate of a political party also would be exempt, as well as an association of members of a political party. Therefore, the local riding associations would be exempt.
Under the Canada Elections Act, we have laws which try to enhance and promote our democratic electoral system. It is extremely important. I know members have come across the situation from time to time where they meet resistance. It might be a superintendent of a particular apartment building who says that he does not want anyone disturbing the residents. Under the elections law, candidates have the legal right to access the electors. It is here to complement existing law and it received the support of all parties.
Although it may seem like an exception that maybe Canadians were not thinking about, I very much expect that they would understand that it is important that those who seek to represent them at any political level of government have the ability to communicate with people using the telephone and why it would not be prohibited under this act.
The bill contains substantial definitions consequential to the exemptions that I mentioned. There are some administrative, monetary penalties that I am not going to go through. Members have already handled this very well.
The issue of funding has come up as well. The registry is expected to be funded on a cost recovery basis from the telemarketers themselves. As I have indicated, about 18% of the calls they make do generate revenue for them. It is a very substantial business and obviously there has been a reaction to this, but there appears to be considerable support for the do not call list. In a survey that Environics did on behalf of the Government of Canada, 79% of the respondents queried on telemarketing supported a national do not call list and 66% of the respondents said that they would likely sign up for this service.
There are a number of important priorities to balance. Obviously, it is important for telemarketers to be able to do their business, but there does come a point in time in which there is an intrusion which is beyond reasonable. Anybody who is in political life knows that prime time is during the dinner hour. This is when most people will get their calls. I am not sure what others' experiences are, but I consider phone calls to my home to be important. I ensure that I answer the phone within a reasonable period of time and it is quite a disappointment to be called away from dinner or from my family to answer a call from somebody who cannot pronounce my name.
I would mention that there is a proviso under the bill which says:
Any person making a telecommunication referred to in subsection (1)--
That means people who are entitled to do this.
--must, at the beginning of the telecommunication, identify the purpose of the telecommunication and the person or organization on whose behalf the telecommunication is made.
Therefore, even with regard to those who have an exemption under this, people are going to get, for the first time, information about who they are being called on behalf of and what this is all about. I think that is extremely important because often it starts off with "Hi, how are you" and a few other things to find out whether or not this is possibly a reasonable time to get our attention.
It is part of the marketing technique, but it is very clear that if people know right off the bat who they are being contacted on behalf of and the organization is identified, even from those who are authorized to make these calls, it will give Canadians an opportunity to indicate whether or not they are interested at all and to get off the phone and back to their families or their meal.
I suggested that some telemarketers did not support this legislation. There were some comments made by them. One suggested that the current rules for telemarketing are sufficient to regulate marketers, through voluntary means or company specific do not call lists that had been an industry standard for years among legitimate firms. That is an interesting statement for someone to have made, but the fact remains that 97% of Canadians have said they are annoyed by receiving these calls, so the current regulations are not working. This is not a valid position to be taken by the telemarketing industry.
It was further argued that being on a do not call list removes a customer's chance to learn about new products and services that could improve their lives in some way. It removes a business opportunity to reach a consumer direction.
I am sure that it does remove an opportunity, but all of a sudden now there is this balance between a consumer's right not to be effectively harassed. It seems that most people who have a need for a product or a service have ample opportunity, through the flyers in the various newspapers or that are deposited in their mailboxes or through the yellow pages or through the advertising that happens on television or radio or whatever, to apprise themselves of who is in the business and where they can get it. I really do not believe that is a compelling reason for this do not call list to proceed.
Some of the commentators have pointed out that there is an alternative to adding more regulation or more bureaucracy. When called by a telemarketer, an individual may request to be put on the company's do not call list and then hang up. In fact, that is the current regulation. Someone can make a specific request and under the current CRTC regulations telemarketers must do that, so I am a little concerned that even the telemarketing industry for some odd reason does not understand that these arrangements are already in place.
There are a number of organizations, particularly the Canadian Marketing Association, which support this legislation. It also represents the telemarketing group as well. Looking at what is necessary here, there is probably ample evidence that even the industry itself realizes that there is a balance to be maintained and that it should be self-funded by the telemarketing industry, and that there should be penalties for those who do not follow the legislation.
Let me conclude with regard to the costs. A number of members have suggested that while we know how bad registries can be, look at this terrible national gun registry and how much it costs. It was only supposed to cost $2 million and it actually cost $2 billion. However, when someone hears that, it seems to be incredible. How could that possibly happen? What they do not say, and watch the temperature of the water go up in here, is that there was a very significant backlash to establishing a national firearms registry. Handguns had been registered since 1966, I believe.
The additional registry was to register long arms. Let me suggest that long arms were in fact the addition to it. I was here at the time when Alan Rock was the justice minister. It really surprised me that criminal activity using long arms was actually greater than for handguns. I know that today criminal activity due to the use of long arms actually is half of what it was prior to the gun registry coming into effect.
I know that over 90% of the applications to register firearms under the new registry were deliberately submitted with errors on them to the extent that we could not have them processed electronically. This meant that human resources had to be hired in extensive numbers to process them manually and to contact all of the registrants.
I would suggest that when the lobby against having a national gun registry counsels gun owners to falsify information or to make mistakes on their registry applications so that it messes up the system, it is going to cost more money. It is like the demonstrators in the Los Angeles riots. The local people were trashing their own neighbourhood and said, "there, take that". Well, yes, it did take more money to do it.
What are the consequences? We do know that long arm crime has gone down. We do know that front line policing officers consult and go to the national firearms registry on an average of 5,000 times each and every day. That is over 1.8 million consultations with the national gun registry. Furthermore, one would ask, why is it that front line police officers would want to go and look at the national firearms register?
I can think of some examples. For instance, if I am a police officer and I am called to a particular address for an incident of some sort, I want to consult the registry to find out whether or not there is a firearm in that home and whether or not I should take specific precautions. I also want to know that if I find guns, whether or not I can find out whether a firearm has been properly registered and, if not, whether additional charges are to be laid.
When we objectively look at this, we can say that Canadians support it. I know that in my riding, when we did a survey, we had over 75% of the constituents, and in fact in Ontario, supporting a national firearms registry for safe communities, for safe streets and to protect Canadians.
The national firearms registry has nothing to do with some grandiose plans to somehow run away with everyone's guns. All I know is that we have a national firearms registry that is consulted at least 5,000 times each and every day by front line policing officers.
I know that gun owners can continue to collect firearms today. I know that target shooters and sports shooters can continue their hobby. I also know that collectors can continue to collect and to hunt. Nothing has changed. The cost of registration for individuals was not an enormous amount of mone; it was a reasonable amount.
Probably the most important feature of this national registry is in terms of its operating costs. Costs are now being limited to a maximum of $20 million a year. It has been demonstrated to Canadians that there are rules to the game and responsibilities of owning a firearm. People have now properly registered their guns and been properly trained. Gun owners properly store their guns and their ammunition, and use it appropriately in terms of transportation and use.
Having said that, it is very clear that Canadians now are familiar that gun owners who are registered owners are really the responsible ones and Canadians as a whole feel more comfortable knowing that firearms are being used more responsibly. That is the benefit of the national firearms registry system. That is why this government supported it back then and that is why we support it still today.
Telecommunications Act
Government Orders
2 p.m.
The Acting Speaker (Hon. Jean Augustine)
The member will have time for questions and comments after question period.
London Police Service
Statements By Members
October 24th, 2005 / 2 p.m.
Sue Barnes London West, ON
Madam Speaker, it is with great pleasure that I rise in the House today to speak about an important part of my city of London's history.
This year marks the London Police Service 150th anniversary. Among the Service's greatest achievements was its expansion and its modernization. This is because of a growing population and also because we all know that the technological and scientific advancements have factored into our modern day police work. The Service actively took up these challenges and has evolved today to be a very distinguished organization that we are all proud of.
Londoners of 1855 probably could not have imagined the work that is being done now and what the future had in store for their police service. The changes may have seemed incomprehensible and non-recognizable but not everything would be different.
Today, 150 years later, constables still march their beats, following in symbolic paths of their predecessors, both men and women, who have met the challenges through the generations.
We congratulate them and we thank them.
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Brian Fitzpatrick Prince Albert, SK
Madam Speaker, over the past four years, farmers in my constituency have experienced two droughts, one devastating frost and now a flood.
Extraordinary levels of rainfall this past September have basically wiped out another crop for farmers in my riding. The CAIS program and other federal farm programs provide absolutely no relief.
Historically low commodity prices, a rising Canadian dollar, record high fuel prices and BSE have simply created a perfect storm for our agricultural producers.
Farmers have nowhere to turn. They can only hope that the Liberal-NDP coalition government will come to their assistance. The Liberal-NDP coalition government must take immediate and effective action to help our farmers.
If the Liberal-NDP coalition continues to ignore the problems of Canadian farmers there is only one choice. We will need an immediate federal election that will bring to power a new Conservative government that is committed to standing up for Canadian farmers.
Philippine Heritage Band
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Susan Kadis Thornhill, ON
Madam Speaker, this weekend I had the great pleasure of attending the 25th anniversary celebration for the award winning Philippine Heritage Band.
In offering a unique blend of English and Filipino music, this world-class marching and concert band adds vibrancy and energy to countless events in Thornhill, Vaughan, Ontario and internationally. I congratulate it heartily on its outstanding efforts which have won it best band and community leadership awards.
I applaud the band's distinct and consistent determination to have youth and adults working together for the betterment of the community and itself.
The band exemplifies the very best of Canada in terms of talent, volunteerism and strengthening the multicultural fabric of our country.
I wish the band great continued success in the next 25 years.
Bernard Voyer
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Louise Thibault Rimouski—Témiscouata, QC
Mr. Speaker, "We need only to surpass ourselves." That phrase summarizes in a nutshell the philosophy of Bernard Voyer, who was given an honourary doctorate by the Université du Québec à Rimouski last Saturday, October 22.
This recognition, following on so many others such as the National Order of Quebec, the Order of Canada, the Royal Canadian Geographical Society gold medal, and being listed as one of the 50 greatest Canadians, clearly reflects how proud the university and the people of all of eastern Quebec are of Mr. Voyer.
Mr. Voyer, that model of determination and commitment, does indeed surpass himself continually, although benefiting from the presence of the companions in his adventures. When faced with what seems to be an insurmountable obstacle, his reaction: "I will find the energy I need in the challenge itself and in my desire to succeed".
All of my colleagues in the Bloc Québécois join with me in congratulating Mr. Voyer on his achievements and thank him for his example to us all, both young and old.
Durham District School Board
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Judi Longfield Whitby—Oshawa, ON
Mr. Speaker, grade 5 students from across the Durham District School Board were invited to submit a 500-word essay on what it would be like to be a police officer.
After reviewing hundreds of essays, the Durham District School Board brought forward five finalists. These finalists came to the Durham Regional Police Headquarters on September 29 and read their essays in front of a community panel.
Ten year-old Vanessa Foran, a grade 5 student at Florence M. Heart Public School in Whitby, was chosen the overall winner.
After swearing her oath of office on October 17, Vanessa Foran took up her new duties as chief of police for the day. Wearing her personally tailored chief's uniform, "Chief Foran" visited several units to learn more about policing. Vanessa's special day also included a helicopter ride on Air 1.
I ask all members to please join me in congratulating Vanessa Foran, a spirited young woman who has shown what one can accomplish if one is prepared to just give it a try.
Gordon Russell
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Peter Goldring Edmonton East, AB
Mr. Speaker, for over 50 years, Gordon Russell and his wife Frances have helped to create positive outcomes through athletics for many of Edmonton's troubled youth and they founded the Gordon Russell Crystal Kids Youth Centre.
Gordon, member of the Order of Canada and Native Counselling Services of Alberta, Citizen of the Year and inductee into Edmonton's Sports Hall of Fame, is also on the honour roll of the City of Edmonton's Boxing and Wrestling Commission.
Gordon passed away very recently at the age of 79.
At his funeral, young and old, from all walks of life, paid tribute to this person who left this world a much better place. A boxing ring bell rang 10 times; the boxing legend was finally down for the count.
Gordon Russell played his life as he played sports: a humble man with courage, dedication and fair play.
Gordon Russell, truly a humble hero, will be missed.
Entrepreneur of the Year Award
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Dominic LeBlanc Beauséjour, NB
Mr. Speaker, I would like to take this opportunity to congratulate Mike Wilson, president of Atlantic Industries Limited in Dorchester, New Brunswick.
On October 6, the Minister of ACOA presented Mr. Wilson with the 2005 Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year award for Atlantic Canada.
With more than eight plants in Atlantic Canada and sales offices and distribution centres all across North America, Atlantic Industries provides high quality service and innovative solutions in the field of steel structures.
I have personally visited Atlantic Industries and I have seen its impressive workforce, leading edge technologies and outstanding products.
Mike Wilson comes from a distinguished family of entrepreneurs and community leaders. He is not only an outstanding business person, but also a dedicated and generous benefactor to numerous good causes.
If there were more Mike Wilsons, the rural areas of New Brunswick would be better off.
On behalf of the Government of Canada, I thank him and Atlantic Industries for their contribution.
Chatelaine Magazine
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Paule Brunelle Trois-Rivières, QC
Mr. Speaker, back in 1960, Chatelaine magazine began, with articles encouraging women to develop their full potential.
The magazine is turning 45 this year. To mark this event, it has decided to devote a 300-page October issue to the theme of happiness.
No hearts and flowers here. They are looking at happiness from a scientific point of view and the analysis of a professional survey. Women from age 10 to 100 are included, women who are in good health and women who are not. In short, it is an examination of the living conditions of women both here and elsewhere.
The Bloc Québécois salutes Chatelaine for the aptness and usefulness of its articles. Women readers are not the only ones to benefit, society as a whole. does as well. The anniversary issue is a great read.
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Marlene Catterall Ottawa West—Nepean, ON
Mr. Speaker, for the first time in 50 years a Canadian has been nominated as president of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. I am pleased to congratulate Janet Davidson on this achievement.
Ms. Davidson's experience is exceptional. She is the chief operating officer of the Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, the largest regional health authority in Canada. Her achievements include serving as president of the Canadian Red Cross, as vice-president for the Americas and as vice-chair of the standing commission, the highest level of governance in Red Cross/Red Crescent.
Janet Davidson superbly exemplifies the qualities of dedication, compassion, ability and the internationalism that Canadians so highly prize.
Her nomination is an honour for Canada. We wish her the best in her quest to become the president of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.


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Composition FOR TOM FTEsomeprazole(20 mg)
food interaction for TOM FT
alcohol interaction for TOM FT
pregnancy interaction for TOM FT
lactation interaction for TOM FT
medicine interaction for TOM FT
Animal studies have shown adverse effects on the foetus, however, there are limited human studies. The benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk. Please consult your doctor.
How it works
Common side effects
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- ESOZ 20 MG TABLET(15 tablets in strip)Glenmark Pharmaceuticals LtdRs. 4.70/tabletRs. 70.50save 19% more per tablet
- RACIPER 20 MG TABLET(10 tablets in strip)Sun Pharmaceutical Industries LtdRs. 4.10/tabletRs. 41save 29% more per tablet
Expert advice FOR TOM FT
- Get a blood test done to know the magnesium level in your body once a year; you may need a magnesium supplement while using the Esomeprazole,as a long-term treatment.
- Long-term use of the Esomeprazole can cause weak or broken bones.
- Take Esomeprazole immediately before a meal, preferably in the morning.
- Take Esomeprazole for the entire duration of the treatment, even if you begin to feel better.
Frequently asked questions FOR TOM FT
Q. Is esomeprazole an antacid?
Esomeprazole (also known as Esomac, Esoz, Nexium, or Nexpro) is a proton pump inhibitor which decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach while antacids neutralize the stomach acid and raise the gastric pH
Q. Is esomeprazole available over the counter?
Esomeprazole is available as an over-the-counter medication. However, follow the doctor's advice regarding its use
Q. Is esomeprazole/esomeprazole magnesium better than omeprazole / lansoprazole?
Esomeprazole, omeprazole, or lansoprazole belongs to same category of drugs with similar action, but their effect may vary upon individual response. Always follow doctor's advice regarding its use
Q. Does esomeprazole cause weight loss or weight gain?
Weight loss or weight gain can be seen with use of esomeprazole
Q. Can I take esomeprazole with paracetamol (acetaminophen), ranitidine, or domperidone?
Yes. You can take esomeprazole with paracetamol (acetaminophen), ranitidine, or domperidone
Q. Can I take esomeprazole with gaviscon (aluminum hydroxide and magnesium carbonate) or other antacids?
Depending upon individual's response, there should be an interval of at least 2 hours between the two drug administrations
Q. Does esomeprazole cause tinnitus?
It is possible that esomeprazole may rarely cause tinnitus. Please consult your doctor if you experience such side effects
Q. Does esomeprazole contain lactose?
Esomeprazole contains lactose and sucrose.


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F.Y.I if you are a member of KCBS you can shop there.Aaron
Hello to all Fellow Detroit Style Pizza Lovers! What a great site! We were just talking about Loui's and well, here I am. I am in the process of reading all the posts and will give a try to the dough. You know the secret is in the dough...according to Loui himself. Great info. Will be in touch Im sure I will have tons of questions once I read all these posts..good grief. We live in Southern Kentucky and no Pizza places here at all, except the chain stores, we love Loui's, Buddys, Cloverleaf and of course Green Lantern. Talk to ya soon.