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Debates of May 5th, 1998
House of Commons Hansard #99 of the 36th Parliament, 1st Session. (The original version is on Parliament's site.) The word of the day was federal.
- Ensuring Access: Assistance For Post-Secondary Students
- Government Response To Petitions
- Library Of Parliament
- Extradition Act
- Petitions
- Questions Passed As Orders For Returns
- Supply
- Judge Lee Grayson
- Merchant Navy Veterans
- Major Junior Hockey
- Elizabeth Fry Week
- Aboriginal Affairs
- Families
- Youth
- Asbestos Industry
- Emergency Preparedness
- Canadian Hockey Teams
- Mental Health
- Millennium Scholarships
- Fresh Water
- The Late Robert De Coster
- Finance
- Canadian Unity
- Hepatitis C
- Millennium Bug
- Hepatitis C
- Assistance To Ice Storm Victims
- Taxation
- Assistance To Ice Storm Victims
- North American Free Trade Agreement
- Taxation
- Banks
- Merchant Navy Veterans
- Transport
- Taxation
- Young Offenders
- The Budget
- Fisheries
- Foreign Affairs
- Justice
- Asbestos Industry
- The Environment
- Taxation
- Immigration
- Points Of Order
- Supply
- Division No. 134
- Committees Of The House
- Division No. 135
- Coastal Fisheries Protection Act
- Division No. 136
- Mi'Kmaq Education Act
- Committees Of The House
- Canada Student Loans
Aboriginal Affairs
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Nancy Karetak-Lindell Nunavut, NU
Mr. Speaker, yesterday the $350 million community based healing strategy, announced in "Gathering Strength: Canada's Aboriginal Action Plan", was formally launched by the Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development and the federal interlocutor for Metis and non-status Indians. The foundation is a non-profit organization that will be set up and run by aboriginal people to work with those who tolerated abuse in the residential school system.
The next few years will be an important time for teamwork between both the federal government and community groups. As the member of parliament for Nunavut, I ask for co-operation for all concerned as we take these important first steps in recovering the past so that we may move successfully into the future.
This is our chance to truly create the new partnership the federal government promised in its response to the RCAP.
I also take this opportunity to wish the chair of the foundation, Mr. George Erasmus, and other members like Inuit Tapirisat of Canada every success as they begin to implement this important initiative.
Statements By Members
2 p.m.
Diane Ablonczy Calgary Nose Hill, AB
Mr. Speaker, as elected representatives, all of us in this House are aware of the increasing stress on our families. This stress takes many forms.
Families are stretched to the limit worrying about their jobs or in some cases worrying about trying to find a job. They are worrying about caring for their families, their children, sometimes aged parents and looking after their homes. Many have money problems. Some are deeply in debt. All of them are stretched to the limit.
It is because this government has an insatiable appetite for more and more revenue from hardworking Canadians.
Reform has proposed a solution to this stress on families. It is to increase significantly the basic personal exemption, the spousal exemption, to index again to inflation the earnings of Canadians and the tax levels of Canadians so that they will not be eaten away by stealth taxes. Also, to extend the—
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
The Speaker
The hon. member for Barrie—Simcoe—Bradford.
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Aileen Carroll Barrie—Simcoe—Bradford, ON
Mr. Speaker, it is a privilege to address the House on the importance of youth week, a celebration to which we should give the highest priority as Canadians.
We must invest in our young people if our society is to prosper. The best investment we can make as a government and as a society is in learning.
The Government of Canada believes that we must not only build a country on opportunity, jobs and growth but we must make sure we are building a society where every Canadian has equal access to those opportunities.
That is why the government introduced the youth opportunity employment strategy which helps Canada's young people make the transition from school to work, to getting that first job.
The important question of access was also behind the Prime Minister's announcement last fall of the Canadian Millennium Scholarship Foundation.
Through these measures, we are ensuring that Canada's young people have the opportunities to benefit from the great opportunity facing Canada—
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
The Speaker
The hon. member for Repentigny.
Asbestos Industry
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Benoît Sauvageau Repentigny, QC
Mr. Speaker, on April 22, the plenary session of the Council of Europe adopted the highly regrettable recommendation that asbestos be banned.
Canada did not do enough to convince the European parliamentarians that crysotile asbestos can be used in a controlled manner. Canadian parliamentarians were, in fact, absent when the report was adopted on January 7, 1998 at the commission on social affairs, the family and health.
It is important that energetic efforts continue in order to allay the fears of the European parliamentarians concerning asbestos. This fibre, which is responsible for the economic health of an entire region of Quebec, is completely safe when used in accordance with the appropriate rules.
It is high time for the Canadian government to finally shoulder its responsibilities by filing an official complaint with the WTO.
Emergency Preparedness
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Rose-Marie Ur Lambton—Kent—Middlesex, ON
Mr. Speaker, as this is emergency preparedness week, it is a perfect opportunity for Canadians nationwide to increase awareness and to learn best how to plan and prepare for the risks they may face in their community.
Recent history has shown us that disasters can happen to anyone, anywhere, any time, the ice storm being the latest example.
I am pleased to note the presence in the gallery today of the provincial and territorial winners of the 1997 emergency preparedness week drawing contest.
Over 1,000 students across Canada between the ages of 9 and 13 entered the drawing contest. The students were asked to illustrate what they perceived as the dangers in their community.
I know my colleagues join me in congratulating and commending these young Canadians for their excellent work. They set an example for us all.
Canadian Hockey Teams
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Grant McNally Dewdney—Alouette, BC
Mr. Speaker, our Canadian NHL teams face economic disadvantages when competing with American teams because their cities and states give them huge subsidies, allowing them to pay huge salaries to the league's biggest stars. There is certainly no disadvantage on the ice. Oh, how the mighty have fallen.
Contracts, tax breaks and subsidies are a problem for our teams but those are superseded by grit, determination and heart, demonstrated by our teams in the first round of the playoffs. There were countless heroes but none more important than the fans who provided the enthusiasm and passion driving our teams to play as champions and upset the American titans.
On behalf of the official opposition and all Canadians I want to congratulate the Edmonton Oilers, the Montreal Canadiens and the Ottawa Senators. As these David and Goliath battles proceed, Reform will even be rooting for that team called the Senators.
Mental Health
Statements By Members
2:05 p.m.
Paul Szabo Mississauga South, ON
Mr. Speaker, May 4 to 10 is Canadian mental health week, during which a number of special events will be held to promote public awareness and education about mental health.
One of these events involves two young Canadian women who are challenging the waters of Ontario this summer by canoe.
Erin McKnight of Mississauga and Marie Roberts from Kingston have teamed up to paddle for mental health. On April 25 they launched their trip from Lachine, Quebec, and made their way along the St. Lawrence, arriving in Ottawa on May 1. Their voyage will reach The Pas, Manitoba and on to Hudson's Bay in August and next spring they will continue on to Tuktoyaktuk, Northwest Territories on the Beaufort Sea.
Both Erin and Marie are here with us today in the gallery. On behalf of all hon. members, permit me to extend our sincere congratulations and best wishes for a safe and successful voyage to promote mental health awareness.
The are a tribute to Canada's youth and we salute them for their important health initiative.
Millennium Scholarships
Statements By Members
2:10 p.m.
Christiane Gagnon Québec, QC
Mr. Speaker, the millennium scholarship fund is a flagrant example of the federal government's obsessive attempts to interfere in areas of provincial jurisdiction.
In 1953, the Liberal Prime Minister, Louis Saint-Laurent, tried to subsidize Canadian universities. Quebec blocked the proposal and, in 1957, got the support of Pierre Elliott Trudeau.
In 1964, Lester B. Pearson proposed offering loans to students and paying the interest. Jean Lesage was opposed, because the repayment of interest became a sort of direct federal subsidy of education.
The third try was by the current government. After cutting $3 billion from education in Quebec, the Liberals are creating a private foundation to serve their purposes.
This time around, Quebeckers with a single voice are demanding the federal government return the amount in question so the Government of Quebec can manage it according to its priorities.
Fresh Water
Statements By Members
2:10 p.m.
Nelson Riis Kamloops, BC
Mr. Speaker, the Ontario government has recently indicated that it supports a private company's application to sell Ontario fresh water for export to Asia.
This is the beginning of a host of private entrepreneurs applying to export and sell fresh Canadian water in bulk. They view water as a commodity to be exported just like oil or timber.
Fresh water is different. It is the nation's lifeblood. It is part of life itself. Proponents of bulk water exports view Canada as having a fresh water surplus. This is simply not so. Water plays a crucial role in our nation's ecosystems and is there for a reason. It is not a surplus commodity to be sold to the highest bidder.
NAFTA poses a threat to our ability to stop this sale. A good first step would be for Canada's Minister for International Trade to say simply no to any future bulk sale of Canada's fresh water.
The Late Robert De Coster
Statements By Members
2:10 p.m.
Raymonde Folco Laval West, QC
Mr. Speaker, we were sad to learn of the death April 30 of Robert De Coster, following a long illness.
Mr. De Coster was a high ranking and respected official in the Quebec public service in the 1960s. Among other things, he was the deputy minister of industry and trade in the 1970s and responsible for setting up the Quebec Régie des rentes and the Régie de l'assurance-automobile.
More recently, Mr. De Coster had the job of analyzing the work of the Montreal urban community police and of Urgences santé as a consequence of the tragic events at the École Polytechnique in Montreal. He served as chairman of Sidbec-Dosco and honourary chairman of the board of the Laval University hospital.
An accountant by training, he also served as vice-president of the Caisse de dépôt et placement and he will leave his mark in the annals of Quebec public administration.
We extend our condolences to his family, his relatives and his friends.
Statements By Members
May 5th, 1998 / 2:10 p.m.
Progressive Conservative
Scott Brison Kings—Hants, NS
Mr. Speaker, last week the auditor general released his latest report on the government's financial statements and the finance minister and this government received a failing grade from the auditor general for the third year in a row.
Why? Because for the last three years the finance minister has cooked the books by retroactively allocating funds from the previous fiscal year to pay for upcoming spending programs. First came the HST buyout, then the innovation foundation and now the millennium scholarship foundation.
What is the reason for this shoddy bookkeeping? To keep Canadians from seeing a surplus.
The fact is the finance minister is afraid to show Canadians a surplus and afraid to show his own government members a surplus. He is conveniently delaying this debate of what to do with the surplus when he should be giving Canadians what they deserve now, fair compensation for all hepatitis C victims and a millennium tax break now, in 1998.
Canadian Unity
Statements By Members
2:10 p.m.
Sue Barnes London West, ON
Mr. Speaker, in 1867, the two linguistic communities, the anglophones and the francophones, decided to unite to form a confederation whose existence is now firmly established and must continue to exist.
Other communities also made an essential contribution to our development and helped Canada become what it is today, that is a country which is the envy of the world.
Canadian unity is our strength and our pride. It is also a guarantee of stability and of a better future for all Canadians.
As a member representing an anglophone riding in the heart of southwestern Ontario, I want to say that my Canada includes Quebec.
Hepatitis C
Oral Question Period
2:15 p.m.
Calgary Southwest
Preston Manning Leader of the Opposition
Mr. Speaker, yesterday, under pressure from the premiers, the health minister finally started to change his position toward the victims of hepatitis C. After weeks of belligerence and excuses the minister has finally started to sound a bit conciliatory. But he still did not answer one critical question, so I would like to put that question to the Prime Minister.
Does the Prime Minister now agree that all those who contracted hepatitis C through government negligence should be compensated?


text:
Get Ahead with a Major in the Emerging Field of Bioinformatics
Students in the bioinformatics program at Canisius enter an exciting, emerging interdisciplinary field that applies mathematical and computational techniques to solve complex biological problems. They also examine the ethical and social issues related to the rapid proliferation of biological data.
There is high demand in both government and industry for scientists trained in bioinformatics techniques whose expertise is critical to drug discovery, disease diagnosis and systems medicine. Graduates of the Canisius bioinformatics program are well-qualified for further study and careers in the lucrative biotech industry in research, medicine, computational biology or computer science.
Why Study Bioinformatics at Canisius
- This is an exciting time for the sciences at Canisius College. Phase I of Science Hall, the college's new interdisciplinary science center, opened in August 2012. Science Hall provides space for collaborative research and teaching.
- Canisius is the first college in Western New York to offer an undergraduate bioinformatics major.
- Students gets hands-on experience in the Computer Science Department's Robotics Laboratory complete with 35 new robots, including 20 Lego Mindstorms, six Sony AIBO robotic dogs, six Handy Boards and three ER-1s (Evolution Robotics). The college purchased the equipment with a portion of a nearly $1 million NASA grant.
- Bioinformatics graduates are consistently accepted into top graduate schools including Yale, Berkley, Northwestern University and Rochester Institute of Technology. In recent years, one hundred percent of graduates who applied to medical school were accepted.
All majors take core courses for a strong foundation in biology, chemistry, math, statistics and computer science. Further electives allow bioinformatics majors to earn a concentration in biology, physics, math or computer science.
Want more information?
Call 1-800-843-1517 to talk to an admissions counselor.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Word mark
Trademark: 'CABLE & WIRELESS'
On 18. 4. 1997 the community trademark application no. 000516351 was filed for CABLE & WIRELESS (Word mark) by CABLE & WIRELESS TRADE MARK MANAGEMENT LIMITED before the OAMI.The goods and services in respect of which registration of the trademark was sought are in classes 37, 41 and 42. The current status of the trademark is registered.
Status is 'Registered'
This trademark is still registered but will expire on 18. 4. 2017, if no renewal is requested by the owner.
|1. 6. 1999
|Expiry date
|18. 4. 2017
|Nice classes
|37, 41, 42
You can follow this trademark. You will receive an email, whenever we detect changes of the trademark filing.
This service is for free. You can unsubsribve whenever you want. More information.


text:
Apple Kuchen
Recipe courtesy of Fireside
These bars should be made by patient bakers with a bit of time — they look best when the apples are lined up in neat columns. This is not[ to say that it makes any difference in the way they taste.]
- For the crust:
- 2 cups all-purpose flour
- 1/2 cup sugar
- 1/4 teaspoon kosher salt
- 1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract
- 1/2 pound (2 sticks) unsalted butter, cold and cut into pieces
- For the filling:
- 1 pound cream cheese, at room temperature
- 3/4 cup sugar
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
- 1 egg, at room temperature
- For the topping:
- 2 tablespoons sugar
- 1 1/2 teaspoons ground cinnamon
- 3 Granny Smith apples, peeled, if desired, cored, and thinly sliced
Preheat the oven to 450 degrees. Lightly grease and flour a 9x13-inch pan.
To make the crust: Place the flour, sugar, and salt in a large bowl or food processor fitted with a steel blade and mix to combine. Add the vanilla and butter, a little at a time, and mix until it resembles cornmeal. Press into the prepared baking pan and transfer to the oven. Bake until slightly golden but not brown, about 12 to 15 minutes. Set aside to cool.
Lower the oven temperature to 400 degrees.
To make the filling: Place the cream cheese, sugar, and vanilla in the bowl of a mixer fitted with a paddle and beat until creamy. Add the egg, mix to combine, an pour over the cooled crust.
Place the sugar and cinnamon in a small bowl and mix to combine.
Place the apples on top of the filling in two or three columns. Sprinkle with the cinnamon sugar and transfer to the oven. Bake until firm and a rich brown, about 20 minutes. Cut into 20 to 24 pieces.
Recipe courtesy of Fireside
Cooking Tips
More Recipes and Ideas
Homemade Applesauce
Recipe courtesy of Food Network Kitchen
Parsnip-Potato Latkes With Cinnamon Applesauce
Recipe courtesy of Food Network Kitchen
Apple Pie with Leaf Lard Crust
Recipe courtesy of Amy Thielen


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US earns another draw in field hockey
BEIJING (AP) The United States and Japan played to a 1-1 draw Tuesday in Olympic women's field hockey.
The Americans, who haven't won a medal since 1984, earned their second straight tie against a top five-ranked team and continued to play above their No. 11 ranking. The U.S. played to a 2-2 draw against No. 2 Argentina on Sunday.
The U.S. team has two points in Pool B with three games to play, and will play defending Olympic champion Germany on Thursday. The Germans are 2-0 in the pool after a late goal gave them a 2-1 win over New Zealand.
U.S. coach Lee Bodimeade wouldn't say his team must beat the Germans, but he knows how important a victory would be.
"I think there's a lot of water to go under the bridge in this tournament yet," he said. "We're going to go away from this and take a lot of positive out of what we did and the way we finished the game and really attack Germany because three points there can put us in a very, very good position for the rest of the tournament."
The U.S. earned the draw when team captain Kate Barber scored in the 58th minute on a shot that slowly rolled into the goal to tie the score.
Barber said the U.S. didn't play well in the first 55 minutes, the team's second straight slow start at the Olympics. The U.S. trailed Argentina 2-0 on Sunday before rallying to salvage the tie.
"It's definitely something we've identified as a group that needs to be addressed and needs to change," she said. "The fact that we can turn it up shows how good we can be. It's frustrating as a group to know that it's there, and for us not to do it for the full 70 minutes is something we really need to focus in on."
While the Americans are under a bit of pressure, Japan is in good shape after improving to 1-0-1 in the pool.
"In the second half, although the U.S. team scored a goal and tied with us, our team numbers show very good," Japan coach Yoo Seung-jin said. "I do still think we have hope of winning a medal."
Japan scored first when Kaori Chiba deflected a long pass by Sakae Morimoto 12 minutes into the match.
The U.S. threatened late in the first half, but a shot from in close by Barber bounced off the right post, and Japan took the one-goal lead into halftime. Barber missed wide left in the 46th minute, but finally got it right 12 minutes later. Both goalies made saves in the final three minutes to preserve the tie.
Argentina had its second straight disappointing tie, a 2-2 split with Great Britain. Sarah Thomas scored after a penalty corner in the 49th minute, then Mel Clewlow followed with a goal off another penalty corner in the 51st minute for the British squad.
New Zealand led Germany 1-0 until Katharina Schulz scored in the 59th minute to tie the score. Anke Kuehn scored the game-winner off a penalty corner in the 69th minute.
In Pool A, China, the Netherlands and Australia are 2-0 after Tuesday's action. China will play the Netherlands on Thursday.
China defeated South Africa 3-0. The Chinese are 2-0 and are unscored upon.
Australia scored five goals in the final 23 minutes to beat Spain 6-1. Spain's Silvia Munoz scored in the sixth minute to give Spain a 1-0 lead, but it was all Australia after that. Spain fell to 0-2.
The Netherlands beat South Korea 3-2 on a goal by Maartje Paumen in the 55th minute.


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At the West Frankfort Invitational Tuesday, Eldorado's Demspey Hankins had a 10th place finish for the Eldorado High School cross country team,
Dempsey finished in a time of 20:54, while teammate Kelsea Newman finished 33rd with a time of 24:59.
On the boys' side, Ethan Partridge paced the Eagles with a 26th place showing, finishing in a time of 18:56.
Richard Graceffa had a time of 19:13 for a 33rd place finish, while Adam Partridge was 57th in a time of 21:49.
Other finishes included Christopher Acheson (69th, 22:49) and Dillon Sigler (72nd, 24:48).
In the open race, Derek Mayberry finished third with a time of 19:40.
Carrier Mills-Stonefort got a ninth place finish from Loren Whiting in a time of 17:52 and Brody Walker was 40th with a time of 19:42.
"I was extremely pleased with the way Loren ran today," Carrier Mills-Stonefort's Mike Eisenhauer said. "Loren had a great time and he ran really hard. Loren was really focused today and he didn't let up at any part of the race. Brody also ran his best time of the year."
Wildcats' Alyssa Binkley had a 44th place finish in a time of 29:43.
Location, ST | website.com


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Stocks Drop as U.S. Challenges Syria's Chemical Attack
NEW YORK ( TheStreet) -- Major U.S. stock markets sharply dropped after Secretary of State John Kerry said there was "undeniable" evidence that Syria had used chemical weapons, leaving investors to wonder whether the U.S. will take overt military action to unseat the Assad regime.
The S&P 500 lost 0.4% to 1,656.78. The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped 0.43% to 14,946.46. The Nasdaq slipped 0.01% to 3,657.57.
"I think any confirmation on use of chemical weapons would obviously be a potential for some kind of action," said Alan Gayle, senior strategist at RidgeWorth Investments. "The market hadn't sold off hard or anything, it's just gone back."
COMEX gold for the December futures contract during electronic trading was jumping $8.90 to $1,402, a critical technical trading level, following comments by Kerry.
Durable goods orders declined sharply by 7.3% in July, the Commerce Department reported Monday before the market open. It was the largest drop since August 2012, snapping three straight months of gains. Economists on average were expecting a decline of 4%.
TMS International
America Movil SAB de CV
But America Movil, Mexican billionaire Carlos Slim's group, which said it now owns 29.77% of KPN, reiterated it still plans to go ahead with its proposed €7.2 billion ($9.65 billion) bid in cash for the remaining shares in the Dutch group, Reuters reported.
Peabody Energy
C.H. Robinson Worldwide


text:
Facts say sky isn't falling
To the editor:
The sky is falling! The sky is falling!
Chicken Little spreading the alarm.
Taxes are going up! Taxes are going up!
Representative Chris Swedzinski spreading the alarm.
Instead of trying to scare people with nonsense, Swedzinski ought to be sharing facts.
Fact: The Minnesota Legislature, under DFL leadership that cooperated with Governor Mark Dayton, ended the session on time with a balanced budget.
Fact: There was no need this year for an expensive special legislative session.
Fact: The budget was balanced without using accounting tricks such as sending our local schools an IOU rather than sending them a check.
These are just three facts that Swedzinski chooses to ignore. Maybe because it is easier to run around yelling, "The sky is falling."
Dale G. Cech
Redwood Falls


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Greetings from Busan, Republic of Korea, where the Fourth High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness (HLF-4) is underway.
I'm joined here by about 2,000 delegates from governments, multilateral organizations, civil society and the private sector to assess the impact of our development dollars and chart an inclusive, sustainable, and effective course forward. In 2003, the world's largest donors came together in Rome and eight years later, we're meeting for the fourth time. It is particularly appropriate that HLF-4 is being hosted by South Korea, because 50 years ago it was an aid recipient, just emerging from a devastating war, and now it is a development donor. It's a remarkable a story, and by improving the way we do business, we are working to help more counties join their ranks.
Unlike in previous years, at Busan, we'll be changing the conversation from talking about aid to focusing on development effectiveness and economic growth. This means that in addition to concentrating on how every dollar is spent, we are also calling attention to how the full range of our engagement and cooperation advances development outcomes. As our challenges become more complex, we will be discussing more practical solutions at every level, leveraging skills in government agencies, businesses, and non-profit organizations to make development investments more effective, and sustainable.
This shift in our approach means that we are expanding the circle of participation. We are working with stakeholders in the private sector because we recognize that trade flows are primary drivers of economic growth. And we are working to ensure that women reap the benefits of our efforts as well as men, as we know that gender equality is an integral component of sustainable economic growth; we can't leave out half of the population on the path to prosperity and expect it to last.
This shift also means we are becoming more accountable for the work we do. Making development more effective starts with being transparent about how funds are spent and the results we get. We've already taken the first steps with www.foreignassistance.gov.
Secretary Clinton is leading the U.S. delegation to HLF-4, marking the first time an American Secretary of State has attended a conference like this. Her participation is part of Secretary Clinton's and the State Department's ongoing efforts to elevate the role of development alongside diplomacy and defense as a key pillar of our foreign policy and national security agenda. It is also a key component of our economic statecraft agenda. Development effectiveness is "smart power" in action.
We invite you to join us at HLF4 by watching the live webcast of the opening ceremony and Secretary Clinton's remarks on Tuesday, November 29 at 7:30-8:30 p.m. (EST). The website includes additional information on how to keep tabs on the action in Busan.
You can also follow the delegation across our social media platforms, including USAID Administrator Raj Shah (@rajshah), Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women's Issues Melanne Verveer (@S_GWI), the CEO of the Millennium Challenge Corporation Daniel Yohannes (@MCCtweets) and Ambassador Ertharin Cousin, the U.S. Representative to UN Agencies for Food and Agriculture (@USUNRome). Our embassy in Korea (@usembassyseoul) will also be tweeting, along with the State Department (@StateDept) and USAID (@USAID).
USAID has developed a special web page for Busan. In addition to regular updates on DipNote, you can also read about HLF4 on USAID's ImpactBlog, MCC's Poverty Reduction Blog, and CEO Blog, as well as on the blog of the U.S. Ambassador to Korea.
John in the U.S.A. writes:
Thanks for a amazing post!
Zharkov in the U.S.A. writes:
So what's our "foreign policy" regarding rapidly rising of world atomic radiation levels? Leaky nuke reactors don't matter?
If enough people die of cancer, your development issues will be solved?
Why did the EPA raise the safety limits on dangerous radioactive isotopes 100,000 times?
Don't they like humanity anymore?
Maurice W. in Illinois writes:
I am proud of the formidable US delegation in Busan.
Johnboy S. in Canada writes:
why and how can aid to other nations help anyone,just as how come our armies work elsewhere than homeground when there is so much work to do at home?as the/our law prescribes,ie..1700's before and after indepedence,when army forts were used to patrol and scour the country until all was safe and secure.Iassure you,do judge,nothing as of yet is safe and secure in America.P.S. can't you stop before someone stops you?


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HTML and Foreign LanguagesJuly 29
This is an article I needed to find myself six months ago. Feel free to link gratuitously with phrases like "html translation" and "unicode web" and "foreign language web site" and any other appropriate search term you can think of so that others may benefit from it.
I've recently had to get my hands dirty with HTML in French, Greek characters, and English OS support for Asian languages, so I figured I'd pass on the results of my muddling creating the various translations of the Zen Garden. This is a short but sweet summary of what I know on the subject.
Don't Panic
First of all: How in the world do you even start with foreign character support, especially if you don't speak the language? If you receive a foreign-language document and get asked to put it on the web, this is about the point you start panicking.
Relax, it's actually surprisingly easy, given a fairly modern Operating System with decent language support. Here's what you need to know.
Operating System Support
You may not be able to see the document in its original character set, but depending on your OS, you might be able to copy and paste the characters between documents without damaging the data. I've had luck copying from Windows Notepad and pasting into my HTML editor.
Easiest way to tell is to try with a small amount of data — paste it into a properly-encoded document (see below), and view it in Mozilla or IE6. If it renders properly with the desired characters intact, you're good to go.
If it doesn't, you may not have the correct language pack installed — it should be possible to work with the data anyway (even if you can't view it — just make sure you test on a system that can), but it can't hurt to install any foreign language packs you can get your hands on, just in case. The 200MB of disk space is negligible in 2003.
File Formats
UTF-16 files are out. Do not try saving your .html, .asp, or.php as a double-byte Unicode file. Most modern browsers support it, but some older ones do not (IE5/Mac comes to mind). Not only that, but your file size doubles, and IIS and PHP alike have trouble with the files so unless you're serving up static HTML (not likely in 2003) you won't be able to use them anyway.
Feel free to save a properly-encoded or UTF-8 document as anything you wish though. It can be .html, .php, .asp and so on.
Document Encoding
It's all about character encoding, baby. Redundancy is the key; define your XML namespace if working with XHTML, and also (regardless if you're using HTML 4.01 or XHTML 1.x) add a
<meta> tag to specify your document's encoding.
XML Namespace:
It goes in your
<html> tag, and looks like this:
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
In this case, English is the language, designated by the
"en". (complete list of the ISO 639 character codes)
<meta> Tag Encoding:
On top of setting your XML language, 9.8 times out of 10 you'll also want to specify document encoding. I'm a little unclear on the difference between the two, but WaSP has a summary of the best way to encode a document. Syntax looks like this:
<meta http-equiv="content-type"
content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
charset (character set) is the key. For most western European languages based on Latin characters, you won't need to change this; just include it. For eastern European, Asian, and all other languages, there are different
charsets — lists are available but the best resource for this is in your Mozilla-based browser; hit View->Character Coding, and you should find a comprehensive list of all possibilites with their associated charset value. Use the code in brackets (
US-ASCII etc.) and not the full name.
Note that the WaSP article linked above has further information on server-side character encoding. This is beyond my current abilities, but is something highly recommended by the W3C. Worth a read, if you want to really do it properly.
Unicode character encoding works just fine, and in some cases is preferable. The difference here is that we're not saving the document as a double-byte Unicode file; we're instead merely setting the document's
charset to Unicode through the
meta tag. Sample Unicode encoding:
<meta http-equiv="content-type"
content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
As far as individual characters, you may want to try using HTML Character Entities for occurances of non-ASCII characters. That is, you might want to use Ü instead of just the character itself, Ü. This can be tedious and trying though, and given proper encoding as discussed above, may even be unnecessary.
Accessibility Concerns
One last thing to consider before we wrap up. WAI lists "identifying changes in language" as a priority 1 accessibility concern, which is to say, it's Really Important that you do this. If your HTML switches at any point from the main language to another, you must provide some cue for the browser that this is happening. See the WAI for more on this.
This document was written by an embarrassingly unilingual English speaker with extremely limited foreign language capability beyond grade-school French classes. If I've managed to wrangle over a dozen translations of a document using these techniques, chances are they're good enough for most cases. Inevitably I'll have made some errors and over-simplified, but hey — that's what the comments are for.
Further Reading:
- On the goodness of Unicode (ongoing)
- Characters vs. Bytes (ongoing)
- Walking Backwards: Supporting Non-Western Languages on the Web (A List Apart)
- Specifying Character Encoding (WaSP)
- On Multilingual Web Sites and CSS (J. Korpella)
Garden and CSS News, Conspiracy Theorists Unite!July 26
Note: If you're looking for the comment Tantek has made about the CSS validator, due to archiving changes on this site you may now find it here.
If you haven't been to the Zen Garden in a while, go! The current front page set of designs (Hedges through to Not So Minimal) is absolutely amazing, and way exceeds my vision of what this would become. Everyone who has submitted so far ought to be proud; this is a quite a thing we've got here.
As well, the translations list is growing. Twelve languages are complete, and I have four more in the works. I've learned a lot working with foreign character sets, and I'll write about my findings in the future. For the time being, take a look at Jukka Korpella's thoughts on multilingual authoring for the web, written after his experience translating the Garden to Finnish (coming soon!)
It's getting a bit harder to keep up with the volume of submissions. I work with almost every designer to bring their work up to Zen Garden standards, and I've tried to give as helpful and constructive criticism as possible to the work that doesn't make the cut. I have at least 10 submissions on hand right now, some will make it, most won't. That's 10 people I have to spend 5 to 10 minutes writing back; it adds up.
How am I doing so far? Consider this a chance to voice your opinion about the way I'm running the Garden. I've made many small changes along the way thanks to feedback, and I'm open to more. Just remember — I can tweak non-display code like titles and accesskeys, but there are far too many designs to modify structure. §
Seamus Leahy is at it again. Reminiscent to the Literary Moose's CSS Destroy table experiments (look for 'A Rose of Winds'), he's come up with some really interesting alternative table formatting for browsers that can handle CSS-2's Table Model. §
For anyone looking for a slightly less ambitious challenge than the Zen Garden, Nic Steenhout has written me about a contest he's running. The Internet Bonsai Club is looking for a CSS makeover. 500 people a day visit his site, so it could be some rather respectable exposure. Take a look. §
Holy signal to noise, Batman. Like, what? Some days I start to wonder if Mark Pilgrim is on to something when he closes comments on older threads. §
Movable Type Fun DayJuly 25
It's Movable Type Fun Day!
First start with Paul's account of switching from .html file extensions to .php, and how gracefully MT handled the transition. Even existing off-site bookmarks don't break!
Then head over to Scott's place to read up on how he managed to wrangle Movable Type into producing human-friendly, meaningful URLs instead of the arbitrary sequential URLs that MT ships with. Fun!
Then take a look at the URL attached to this post (click the title), and rejoice for I too have switched to more meaningful URLs. Except… oh wait. Look at that. No I haven't.
The intent is there, but instead of something nice and tidy like http://www.mezzoblue.com/2003/07/25/movable_type_fun_day/ my server spits out a bunch of extra crud and delivers the far worse http://www.mezzoblue.com/cgi-bin/mt/mezzo/ (pause for breath) archives/2003/07/25/movable_type_fun_day/default.asp. Sigh. I know how to fix this: migrate to PHP. Guess what the chances are of that happening soon? It's back to the drawing board for me. Apologies to those who are reading my RSS feed, it'll get worse before it gets better.
The bright side though is that I finally put together a swanky 'recent comments' page so that I (and you) can keep track of who's saying what where on this site. It'll step out of beta as soon as I can figure out how to link it in on the right sidebar.
update: comments also available as a validating RSS feed!
further update: Damn it all anyway. Instead of break anyone's new bookmarks over the weekend, I went ahead and reverted to the old filename system, so the above is no longer relevant. I'll leave it up as an explanation of my file system, mainly for my own reference.
Times New RomanJuly 24
It's time we take back Times New Roman on the web
Since 1994, nearly all browsers have shipped with Times as the default font. Up until the introduction of the
<font> tag, the only way it could be changed was if the user reset her own default. Most of the web was viewed in Times, and when a way to change that finally appeared we quickly embraced it and never looked back.
So why the continual shunning? It's a good font. Designed in 1931 for The Times of London, it has become the de facto standard for digital imaging. While not as pixel-precise in its on-screen rendering as Georgia or Verdana, it still does a fine job. But still we ignore it, unless we specify it as a last resort for the lunatics viewing our site who even now don't have Georgia installed.
No more. Used in new and inspiring ways, Times can be beautiful and fresh, and a brand new old tool in our pathetically limited web type case.
First of all, let's examine leading, or
line-height as it's known in CSS. Padding the space between each line is the easiest way we can reinvigorate Times, and probably the most effective. Consider the following:
I never thought about it in as much detail. As a kid, who has time
to consider the future, anyway? There are far too many bikes to
ride, forests to explore, and sprinklers to run through to worry
about growing up. As a kid, there's no future because life is all
about living in the present.
Very 1994. Let's add some leading:
I never thought about it in as much detail. As a kid, who has time
to consider the future, anyway? There are far too many bikes to
ride, forests to explore, and sprinklers to run through to worry
about growing up. As a kid, there's no future because life is all
about living in the present.
Already we've managed to drop the 'unstyled text' look and move into something more typographically pleasing. What I've taken for granted is that the text is also constrained. 500 years of typographical study have determined that for maximum legibility, line lengths should be no more than 80 characters and no less than 40 characters. 65 is a good ideal to shoot for. The early web allowed no such control without a mish-mash of ugly
<p> and
<br> tags, but CSS lets us get around that by limiting widths and setting margins. Doing so automatically casts off a bit of that early web stigma.
Body text may be re-sized of course, and picking anything other than 16px Times moves a further step away from the early-web look:
I never thought about it in as much detail. As a kid, who has time
to consider the future, anyway? There are far too many bikes to
ride, forests to explore, and sprinklers to run through to worry
about growing up. As a kid, there's no future because life is all
about living in the present. (source)
One more white space trick before we move on:
word-spacing, which only works in relatively new browsers:
I never thought about it in as much detail. As a kid, who has time
to consider the future, anyway? There are far too many bikes to
ride, forests to explore, and sprinklers to run through to worry
about growing up. As a kid, there's no future because life is all
about living in the present. (source)
Body text is easy enough, but what about headlines? We're all sick of the bold 32px Times look of an unstyled
h1, after all:
A Pocket Full of Rye
A solution is again white space, in the form of
A Pocket Full of Rye
This does a bit, but it doesn't go quite far enough. It still feels like a browser war-era headline, and that has to go. So to mix some bad metaphors, let's open up our arsenal and really give this some juice. See you on the other side.
A Pocket Full of Rye
(font: 500 italic 32px 'Times New Roman';
letter-spacing: 0.1em;)
A Pocket Full of Rye
(font: 100 32px 'Times New Roman';
letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase;)
A Pocket Full of Rye
(font: 900 32px 'Times New Roman';
letter-spacing: -0.1em;)
A Pocket Full of Rye
(font: italic 32px 'Times New Roman';
letter-spacing: 0.3em; text-transform: lowercase;)
Did you get that? Each one is 32px Times New Roman, the same font as a default
h1 in many browsers. It should be noted that 'px' is a good unit for on-screen consistency, but it's rather bad for accessibility. For our purposes right now, I'm trying to match the common browser default for
h1-sized text so it's not as important, but more information on font sizing on the web is available, and indeed something you should read.
Before we're done, let's try playing with our CSS and applying some typography tricks to bring out the best from Times New Roman:
To a boy growing up in central British Columbia, hockey cards were a big thing. They were what you did during your spare time on lunch breaks, they were what you talked about with your friends. More than just printed pieces of paper with colour photos on the front, they were entertainment, currency, and a sign of social status. (source)
To a boy growing up in central British Columbia, hockey cards were a big thing. They were what you did during your spare time on lunch breaks, they were what you talked about with your friends. More than just printed pieces of paper with colour photos on the front, they were entertainment, currency, and a sign of social status. (source)
You get the idea. Now it's up to you. Don't be afraid of Times — embrace it, love it, and learn to use it well. The web will be better for it.
update: I've added this PNG comparing Times to Georgia with and without Cleartype rendering.
See explanation.
Search Engine PlacementJuly 22
The introduction to this piece has been lost thanks to a Safari caching error. The rest of it should make sense with a little guesswork. Sorry for the inconvenience.When we start to look at more generic terms like ' css ', there are obviously far more sites that qualify for high placement. The full first page of results for ' css ' on Google are relevant and deserve to be there, except for possibly the current result #10 — Doctor Dobb's Journal is running Eric Meyer's CSS Reference Guide as a feature right now, but it's the only item on their home page pertaining to CSS . At the time of writing, the Zen Garden sits in spot #9 on Yahoo's search results page for ' css '. It's in spot #11 in Google's search results for ' css '. When DDJ's feature is moved off the front page, I expect to see it in spot #10 shortly thereafter. I have no qualms about this. In fact, I'm quite pleased that we're so high up in the results for CSS . It's when we become number one for a generic term that doesn't relate to CSS that we start to have a problem. Right now, the css Zen Garden is the number one result for ' zen garden ', trumping even dailyzen.com's Zen cards . It's on the first page of results for the even more generic ' zen '. I've even made a dent in the listings for ' garden ', showing up on the second page. This highlights a fundamental assumption that Google makes: the title of a page determines what the content pertains to. In this case, any mention of 'gardens' or 'zen' does no such thing, so the assumption falls apart. Is this my problem? I don't think so, as it would indicate that I'm incorrect for choosing a title for my project. In an indirect way, the Zen Garden theme was rather appropriate even though the true focus was on a technology that couldn't be more different. Is this Google's problem? Signs point towards yes. One more thought, somewhat unrelated — remember when once upon a time it actually mattered to have a Yahoo directory listing ? Those days are over. ]]>
Photoshop Shortcut KeysJuly 21
Working on a PC, I have never found a satisfactory way of building my own macros. (Mac OS has offered AppleScript for years, of course.) Some software allows me to define my own shortcut keys, others don't. Photoshop allows for simple automation in the form of 'Actions', and I've put them to some use which I figured I'd share.
Built–in keyboard shortcuts are great, but not all functions have them straight out of the box. I've remapped the function keys to give me an extra set of keyboard shortcuts. Some effects I use every day, others I never touch. I want the frequent ones at my fingertips, so hijacking the basic function keys (which show and hide specific palettes by default, not nearly as important to me) was the way to go. Your milage may vary, but here's my list which I've been using for well over two years now (F7 and F9 are strangely vacant):
F2 — Crop
I use Marquees for near everything. When I want to crop an image, I'm far more inclined to select an area with a marquee and then Image->Crop, rather than use Photoshop's built–in Crop tool. This is one of the quirks about my workflow, but I find it particularly handy when working with smaller GIFs and bits of images that need tiny little adjustments.
F3 — Image Size
Mainly for scaling down images. Judicious use of both this tool, cropping, and canvas re–sizing are completely must–have tools. Literally every single image I work on requires use of at least one of the three, but frequently a combination of them.
F4 — Canvas Size
To add extra space around the image, or to crop, canvas re–sizing is one of the holy trinity of image sizing mentioned above.
F5 — Gaussian Blur
Blur is often over–used, but I do find it completely necessary in many instances. Whether I'm fudging detail in a low–res image, building texture by blurring layers and blending them, or even building a drop shadow by hand — blur control makes my life easier.
F6 — Unsharp Mask
The opposite of blur in many regards, Unsharp Mask is mainly useful when scaling images. A reduction in size blurs an image after a certain level, and Unsharp Mask is the best way to reduce the blur and emphasize detail. The easiest tool to use completely wrong, there are plenty of tips on using sharpening properly. I find the easiest setting for web purposes is leaving my radius at 0.2 and adjusting the amount as necessary, while ignoring the levels.
F8 — Stroke
Not the most necessary tool at my disposal, but I frequently find it valuable when working with small graphics specifically for the web. I use it much the same as I do my cropping — first I'll build the selection with the marquee, then I'll add a stroke. With Photoshop 6+ and its built–in shape tools, I often times find myself selecting a shape layer, then stroking a simple border on a new layer.
F10 — Convert to RGB
A quick way to convert a recently–opened GIF to something I can work with, as well as a less-frequently–used way of converting CMYK stock photos to the colour model the web knows and loves. When I'm making small changes to GIF files I find I don't always need to do this — but any changes requiring out–of–palette colour need a cleansing first.
(Anyone still remembering this still–empty promise need not fear: I haven't forgotten. I've just had a better project to work on in the meantime. One day it will come, however.)
The Continued Death of the BrowserJuly 18
Continued Reading: Technorati feed for 'The Door is Ajar'
An MSN-TV ComplaintJuly 18
A concerned reader writes:
Your site: http://www.csszengarden.com/ FAILS to satisfy the MSN-TV Browser! It bleeds off the viewable screen to the right and since the WebTv Browser does not permit side scrolling, your pages are a MESS!
What do you propose to do about this? You can find a link to the MSN Developer site here (a bit down the page): http://davmagic.com/PAGES20.html and from there, Download the MSN-TV Viewer to see how your pages look on a TV Browser!
— Very Truly Yours, Magic Dave
Some days these posts just write themselves.
Dear Magic Dave,
Thanks for your letter, it caused me to think. What did I think about? Well, do you remember that scene in Taxi Driver, where De Niro was looking in the mirror, and he was like, Are you looking at me? Are you looking at me? There's no one else here, so you must be looking at me? Yeah. That was pretty cool.
But anyway, your letter. So here's the deal. I like accessibility. Specifically, I like the power that CSS provides in allowing the user to browse with any anything they happen to have. You've got a Palm? Come on in! You're using a screen reader? Sure, you too. You want to visit my site in Mosaic? Even you!
See, Magic Dave, the great thing about CSS is that if a user agent doesn't support it it doesn't use it. This allows me to go full–out nuts in my style, while keeping the site's content accessible and viewable to everybody. It's a beautiful thing. Except when it doesn't work.
So what's the problem then? Well, as best as I can tell, it's this: MSN-TV seems to want to render 'screen' style sheets, designed for colour computer monitors — a decision I can't support on a device with only 544 pixels of horizontal resolution. If it were to realize that there's a special media type called 'tv' and use that, we'd both be enjoying a beer and watching the sunset right about now. But we're not, are we?
Why won't MSN-TV support my site? I've done everything in my power to make sure the proper user agents render it, and the ones that just can't keep up don't even bother. I'm not a miracle worker. I can't fix MSN-TV.
So the ball's back in your court, Magic Dave. Why do you use a broken browser that makes a mess of my wonderful site? I see you maintain a page chock full of great tips on why MSN-TV is better than a PC, so I have a feeling you won't change your browser of choice to make me happy any time soon.
It's tempting for me to say that you shouldn't have to, that browsers should be better about supporting what they can handle and admitting what they can't — but you were pretty insistent that I do something about it, as if I'm on the hook for this one. Since it turns out it's your choice that causes my site to render improperly, what do you propose to do about it?
Incidentally, have you ever heard of cement canoe racing? A bunch of engineering students get together and race big, clunky canoes, literally made of concrete. It strikes me as a bit odd that they'd start with a material so obviously wrong for speed and finesse, as well as something that by all rights shouldn't work for the purpose they intend. They do it for the challenge, I suppose, and the sense of satisfaction of wrangling a result out of an impossible situation.
Nah, I don't bring it up for any particular reason, but I just had one more question: do you really design web pages on MSN-TV?
CSS RoundupJuly 17
A CSS-2 menu bar, rounded corners vs. CSS-3, and Jigsaw trouble.
Seamus Leahy recently brought to my attention a CSS-2 menu bar he has been working on. Oh baby, that's nice.
Why does it suck that browser development has hit the wall? Because the above example won't be practical on production sites until, oh, 2008. If we're lucky. §
A demonstration of CSS–based rounded corners. Another one. A third, with borders.
CSS–3 seeks to address this obvious need for rounded corners via the
border-radius property. For the time being, we're stuck with presentational hacks that more or less defeat the purpose of CSS.
Why does it suck that browser development has hit the wall? Because the above solution won't be practical on production sites until, oh, 2011. If we're lucky. §
Has anyone else been having problems with the W3C's CSS validator lately? §
Thinking Out LoudJuly 16
The Death of Netscape vs. living browsers, analogies to media players, Mozilla.org's new look, web services need browsers.So. Relevant browsers that will continue: Safari, Mozilla, Opera, and somewhere way down the road, IE/Win. Relevant browsers that will not: IE/Mac and Netscape. Given the tiny market shares for each, in the grand scheme of things, all we're losing is a false sense of security. Change is inevitable; learn to love it. § Originally posted to StopDesign . Other than Internet Explorer, Microsoft has created other utilities that mimic popular software to undercut competition. Windows Media Player has had roughly the same development cycle as the browser, and the only reason I can see that Real, Quicktime, and even Winamp are still around is because of proprietary media formats that the vendors refuse to open. Ironic, isn't it? I'm not saying standards killed the competition, but I wonder to what extent Microsoft's involvement in the W3C will continue from this point. § The new Mozilla home page is a nice step in a good direction at a critical time. The previous incarnation screamed 'geek' louder than a bearded, T–shirt–wearing Perl junkie. The latest incarnation feels like a well–thought out marketing site, highlighting product features and quoting Time Magazine , Joel Spolsky , and others. Somebody is starting to get it right over there, and if they'd like some volunteer work to polish it even further, all they need do is ask. § The question begs itself: if web services really are where software is going, why aren't more software developers making noise against the death of the browser? Avoiding ' Sharecropping ' logically means supporting open software/standards. Developing for one browser is no different than developing for one operating system. § ]]>
Validation WoesJuly 15
R.I.P. NetscapeJuly 15
Self Publishing, plus ISSNJuly 14
A meme I missed while I was away got started by John Gruber, and was eventually picked up by Jeffrey Zeldman and others. The rise of the personal site as a publishing powerhouse is the focus, and since I run a site approaching its first anniversary in a couple of months (I'm not alone on that — D. Keith Robinson and Gruber himself are hitting this milestone), here are a few of my thoughts on the matter.
I applied for an International Standard Serial Number for this site last month. The National Library of Canada denied my original request, but upon some explaining I eventually got my way.
I deserved an ISSN, I reasoned, because the web design community doesn't have any traditional publications of note. We are a community devoted to a certain medium, and we chose to publish on it due to the global spread of the community members as well as the inter–connectedness of the medium.
Rather than rely on stodgy monthly periodicals, we harnass the power of our individual voices to publish daily. We are fast–moving and tightly–knit because of this. Could you imagine it any other way?
Others publishing as I do have received ISSNs, so why couldn't I? The NLC concurred, and granted me 1708–0789. I congratulated them for being more forward thinking than like bodies in the U.K. and Holland (who have consistently denied ISSN applications for weblogs).
The issue was not, in this case, the technology. My official denial reason was that "Personal or organizational homepages, including weblogs and online diaries, are not assigned ISSNs." Fair enough, that's what I applied as. But after I was denied, I thought about it some more.
I publish as one voice. I speak for myself alone, but I share opinions, experiments, and ideas that I think will be relevant and useful to the larger community. I am publishing for the web, on the web, and about the web. This site, while owned and run exclusively by me, is far more than a personal home page.
The stipulation, I'd theorize, is to discourage just anyone with a LiveJournal or BlogSpot account from applying for an ISSN. The system wasn't created for the pure volume of publications that might qualify now that we have the web to contend with, and in a lot of cases the time and effort required to categorize these sites beyond the web isn't worth it for the libraries. Quality over Quantity, after all.
But in my case, as may be the same in your case, the site I publish isn't a typical "I saw my friends today' type weblog. I do not publish introspectively myopic pieces that are relevant to precisely three people on the planet. (I discuss web design news and technique in introspectively myopic ways that are relevant to at least seven people, maybe eight on a good day)
We're doing something new here. We're one of the only trades that doesn't have any official printed publications. We are a completely unorganized collective of intelligent people whose voices all have a chance to be heard, and we're all contributing to the common good. We use each others tips and advice to improve our skill, and we make money by applying principles that we all offer each other for free.
It's a give and take system, and the most important people are the ones who give the most. I'm thrilled to be a part of it.
Related: ISSN for Weblogs ISSN Home Page ISSN National Centre List ISSN Canada ISSN U.S. ISSN U.K. ISSN Australia
Reading ListJuly 13
On my recent foray I had enough time off that I needed a vacation from the general vacationing. Our particular form of escapism involves reading, so there were multiple stops in Borders in CA, CT, and other states. I can say definitively that much like Starbucks, homogeny amongst stores is the name of the game country-wide. Strangely comforting and disturbing at the same time.
Spending too much money at Borders, I wound up with two gems in the lot that I read cover-to-cover over the course of the trip. Every respectable web designer needs to have these on their bookshelf.
Designing With Web Standards — Jeffrey Zeldman
A common complaint running through the current set of Amazon reviews for this book is that if you read zeldman.com on a regular basis, this book doesn't offer much new.
A point I'd have to concede, but there has always been a temporal feeling to the daily posting paradigm which marks older thoughts as less relevant, when sometimes they're the most relevant. This is the first time Zeldman's thinking has been collected and presented in such a clear manner in one spot, and it's well worth owning if for no other reason than to pass it around the office.
The first four chapters of the book are devoted to the Why. As in, why use web standards to build your site. The last half deals with the How, and goes over basic XHTML, CSS, and DOM methods that likely won't open your eyes if you've been reading his site for any period of time.
Already in its second printing, DWWS deserves a spot on your shelf whether you're new to the game, or just need a definitive resource to point to when making the case for designing with web standards.
Don't Make Me Think—Steven Krug
At 190 pages, Steven Krug's very popular book on web usability gets right to the point and tells you what you need to do to make your work as easy to use as possible. Finally, a usability expert that actually gives you information you can use.
This book really opened my eyes—a lot of the things he discusses are intuitive, but not obvious. They're the sort of things you inherently feel, but have never been able to verbalize before. As you read you can't help but slap your head as each epiphany leaves you muttering "oh yeah, of course."
People use the web a certain way. If you peg the average web user as the type who will click through three pages to find what they need before giving up and moving on to the next site, you have much to learn.
Much as web standards are a continuum, so too is web usability. Krug notes that if you make even 50% of an effort to make your work more usable, he'll be pleased. And there's no doubt in my mind that the same effort will cause your site to be far more successful.
All GoodJuly 1
With a half & half white/yellow gold ring on my finger, I'm pleased to report the wedding went… well, I'd say 'without a hitch', except that I have about $400 in discounts and refunds thanks to various screw–ups and a guy got fired as a direct result.
Still. All is good, I am married, and while we were forced to delay a full hour, once we began all went well. We are spending Canada Day in Vancouver, and bright and early tomorrow morning we're off for the honeymoon.
A picture just before our getaway. More forthcoming — the thing about bringing your own camera to your wedding is that you don't get much of an opportunity to use it.
Thanks to all for the congratulations and words of wisdom! Back in a week and change.


text:
Beginning the week of April 22, 2013, we will be implementing a new program to patch University computers through an automated campus-wide approach. This will help us to provide the best possible protection of our university network, computers, and data. Rather than having each college or program center separately responsible for patching, patching (if needed) will now be automatically pushed once a week on a campus-wide basis on each Thursday. This will ensure that patches are installed in a timely and uniform manner across campus, but can also be applied at your convenience.
What is patching, and why does it help?
- Patching is a software update that fixes problems with or updates a computer program, often fixing security vulnerabilities and other bugs, or improving performance.
- Patches are most often applied to operating systems, like Windows or OS X.
How it will work?
- On Wednesday patches will be pushed to a test group of about 100 machines to discover if any problems are reported. We do this because occasionally the patches sent by vendors cause unexpected problems with our computer configurations.·
- Thursday, if no problems are reported, patches will be pushed to all university-owned computers (not personal computers) until all computers have the patches.
- You, as the user, will be presented with a pop-up screen in the lower right hand corner of the monitor, notifying you that patches are ready to apply. These prompts let you know that the computer is not protected and what to do to apply the patch. Patches may be applied at your convenience. You can choose the best time to apply the patches so that it will not affect your classroom time or other work. This is important because while some patches will install so fast you would barely notice, others might take a few minutes to install, and still others might require a computer restart.
- If the computer is not on campus or is not turned on, the patches will be pushed at the next opportunity.
What will be patched?
- Operating Systems (Mac and Windows)
- Browsers (IE and Firefox)
- Microsoft Office
- Vulnerable Software, such as Flash and Java
Will this apply to all University-owned computers?
- Yes, all university-owned machines will have patches automatically pushed out.
- If you have an issue or concern, open a ticket at csus.service-now.com and login with your saclink username and password or contact the IRT Service Desk at 916.278.7337.
Aren't we receiving patches now?
- In all probability you are already receiving patches sent by your IT staff or by the central PC service group. This change will let you know when you will receive patches each week, and will ensure that all university computers can be protected.
We believe this process will be consistent and efficient, and for those who are already receiving patching, there should be little or no change. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact Doug Jackson at 87705


text:
33 U.S. Code § 466g–1 - Controversies involving construction or application of interstate compacts and pollution of waters
prev | next
(a) Jurisdiction of actions by States
The United States district courts shall have original jurisdiction (concurrent with that of the Supreme Court of the United States, and concurrent with that of any other court of the United States or of any State of the United States in matters in which the Supreme Court, or any other court, has original jurisdiction) of any case or controversy—
(1) which involves the construction or application of an interstate compact which
(A) in whole or in part relates to the pollution of the waters of an interstate river system or any portion thereof, and
(B) expresses the consent of the States signatory to said compact to be sued in a district court in any case or controversy involving the application or construction thereof; and
(2) which involves pollution of the waters of such river system, or any portion thereof, alleged to be in violation of the provisions of said compact; and
(b) Amount in controversy; residence, situs or citizenship; nature, character, or legal status of parties
The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of a case or controversy such as is referred to in subsection (a) of this section, without any requirement, limitation, or regard as to the sum or value of the matter in controversy, or of the place of residence or situs or citizenship, or of the nature, character, or legal status, of any of the proper parties plaintiff or defendant in said case or controversy other than the signatory State or States plaintiff or plaintiffs referred to in paragraph (3) of subsection (a) of this section: Provided, That nothing in this section shall be construed as authorizing a State to sue its own citizens in said courts.
(c) Suits between States signatory to interstate compact
The original jurisdiction conferred upon the district courts by this section shall include, but not be limited to, suits between States signatory to such interstate compact: Provided, That nothing in this section shall be construed as authorizing a State to sue another State which is not a signatory to such compact in said courts.
(d) Venue
The venue of such case or controversy shall be as prescribed by law: Provided, That in addition thereto, such case or controversy may be brought in in any judicial district in which the acts of pollution complained of, or any portion thereof, occur, regardless of the place or places of residence, or situs, of any of the parties plaintiff or defendant.
Source(Pub. L. 87–830, § 1,Oct. 15, 1962, 76 Stat. 957.)
Pub. L. 87–830, § 2,Oct. 15, 1962, 76 Stat. 957, provided that: "If any part or application of this Act [this section] should be declared invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, said invalidity shall not affect the other parts, or the other applications, of said Act."
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Running in Place - Page 4
Engle hugs Brett just before his January 10, 2011, sentencing, with Kevin and Engle's wife , Pam Engle, in the background. Photo by Tamara Lackey.
Engle's troubles began in April 2009 with a knock on his door, or rather a ring of the security buzzer at the apartment complex in which he lived. The person calling was a stocky man named Robert W. Nordlander, who produced a badge identifying himself as an IRS Criminal Investigator. Nordlander informed Engle that he was under investigation for tax evasion.
According to Nordlander's trial testimony, he had been following Engle's career in local newspapers, and began to wonder how Engle financed running all over the world, and what Nordlander called a "lavish lifestyle." Nordlander takes his job seriously—before the grand jury, say Richard Engle and others who attended the trial, Nordlander testified that if he sees someone driving a Ferrari who doesn't look like he should be, he will "run" his license plate and pull his tax return.
After over 600 hours of investigation, which included examining Engle's trash for discarded mail and other documents, recording a conversation between Engle and an undercover agent and impounding his mail (compliments of the Patriot Act), Nordlander evidently had no case for tax-code violations or failure to report income. He turned to investigating loans obtained by Engle on two properties he owned in Cape Charles, Virginia, using information obtained from the tax-evasion investigation.
"This whole sordid affair started as a tax-evasion investigation by Robert Nordlander, whom we consider to be a rogue IRS agent, but the United States government was not able to find any tax-code violations," says a livid Richard Engle in an open letter (in which he accuses Nordlander of lying under oath) to friends, the Department of Justice and others. "They used what they called a 'confession' by Charlie [to the undercover agent] to start an investigation into bank fraud. The 'confession' was not a confession. It was a statement regarding two stated-income loans which Charlie obtained. Charlie was never advised by any lender that he was getting a stated-income loan."
The loan trail is complex. The first property, a condo, involved a $200,000 loan against a purchase price of $250,000, on which Engle made a down payment of $50,000. Then on a refinance/cash-out transaction of $300,000 against an appraisal of $400,000, Engle netted $80,000 in equity. That property subsequently sold at foreclosure for $312,000, with no loss to the lender/investor.
The other property, a house, involved an initial loan of $444,000 and a second mortgage of $111,000. Both were "purchase money," meaning the funds were used for the purchase of the subject real estate. The purchase was made possible by proceeds coming out of another property, which Engle had owned for seven years, known as a 1031 exchange, and in which he netted equity of $66,000. After Engle eventually defaulted on that loan, the property sold in foreclosure for $292,000, generating a "loss" to the lender (Countrywide Mortgage) of approximately $262,000. So, in total, Engle netted about $146,000 in equity on his investments.
Nordlander and the Department of Justice claim that Engle had created a scheme to defraud the banks, and had overstated his income on the loan applications. Richard Engle, however, says Charlie was never asked to provide income information and readily complied with lenders' requests to provide employer information, i.e. IRS Form 4506, which gave them permission to access his tax returns.
Jack Fierstadt, the ultrarunner who met Engle in the Gobi Desert, is a senior partner at a firm that deals in real estate and business litigation. Over the last several years, Fierstadt has represented numerous clients who were subject to predatory practices by some of the biggest lenders in the country. Many of the firm's cases involve wrongful foreclosure issues related to fraudulent lending.
"The loans on the two properties were clearly of a predatory nature and were known as SIVA—stated-income/verified-assets—loans," says Fierstadt, who says they are also called "liar's loans."
"Following the collapse of the real-estate market these loans were literally outlawed," he says. When Engle's interest rates climbed to over nine or 10 percent, he could no longer make the payments.
Fierstadt comments: "I have never heard of anyone being prosecuted by the federal government because they had no other choice but to let their property go into foreclosure. I know lenders, mortgage brokers, appraisers and other real-estate professionals who have been charged with crimes arising out of their practices but never a borrower."
Richard Engle and Fierstadt also say the banks that foreclosed on Engle's properties never complained to anyone about these properties being lost to foreclosure, because they made thousands of dollars in junk fees and high interest rates. In addition, following the foreclosure the lenders repossessed the properties. Engle's loan broker, John Hellman, who was very active in the area at the time, has since pled guilty to various felonies related to his loan practices.
The most contentious part of the case boils down to what Engle was actually convicted of—not tax evasion, not the acts of defaulting on the two loans, but rather the alleged information he originally provided to lenders to acquire the loans, as relayed via fax and mail. (The lenders were: for the condo, Shore Bank, underwriter Decision One, a subsidiary of HSBC; for the house refinance, Priority Financial, underwriter Impac Funding, a division of Countrywide Mortgage.) Did Engle falsify his income on the loan apps?
Engle's legal team contends that he did not. In fact, they say, the government's own handwriting expert testified that initials on the applications "were probably made by someone other than Engle," and that the loan signature might or might not have been Engle's.
Asked whether he is guilty of the charges for which he was convicted, Engle says, "I absolutely did not falsify income information or any other information on these two loan applications. I did default on the properties, when the real-estate market tanked in late 2006, just as a few million other people have done. And it is estimated that more than half of the 13 million people with stated-income loans have incorrect income figures on their loan apps, either written by them or by the mortgage brokers or the mortgage banker." He says he followed the instructions of the two mortgage brokers and "signed where they told me to sign."
Continues Engle, "To my knowledge, I am still the only borrower in the United States who has been charged as a 'sole conspirator' in a mortgage fraud. ... In fact, I was found not guilty of falsifying information yet still found guilty of bank fraud. The prosecution convinced the jury that I was guilty of something but they weren't sure what."
Chris Justice, 40, of Greensboro, another running friend of Engle's, who has acted as his attorney in the past (not in the case at hand) and who spoke as a character witness at Engle's sentencing, says, "It is shocking that this case was prosecuted to begin with. There is so much blame to spread around. So many people who did the exact same thing and facilitated the same acts for others won't ever see the inside of a jail cell."
In the end, the case presented by United States Attorney/Prosecutor Joe Kosky and the Department of Justice convinced a jury to convict Engle of the 12 fraud counts, with sentencing scheduled for January 10, 2011.
The night before the "Main Event"—Engle's sentencing in federal court—the atmosphere at his residence is that of almost any cozy potluck. Daniels has brought chili, and eight or so other friends and family members sit on the living-room couches, while the Packers-Eagles NFL playoff game provides background noise. Engle sits in the middle, computer on his lap, allegedly writing his sentencing statement amid the banter, with his arm around his son Kevin. Behind him sits Pam Engle, stroking Kevin's shaggy hair.
Pace and Engle trade pre-sobriety stories, still powerful motivators all these years later. Pace tells one about passing out in his car in front of a Denny's restaurant with his headlights shining directly into the windows. The blinded patrons happened to be cops, who knew Pace well from numerous previous encounters and gave him a ride home.
"That's a good one," says Engle. "I've never heard that one." Engle counters with another of his own, about another stint in Denver, getting busted for driving 110 miles per hour and DUI.
"You're lucky to be alive," says Daniels.
"Destiny," says Pam Engle.
After a big play in the game, Daniels comments that the Eagles quarterback Michael Vick, convicted of animal-cruelty charges related to dog fighting, has really turned his life around.
"He's doggedly pursuing a title," Engles chimes in immediately, to groans.
"Hey, he's had it 'ruff,'" is Engle's retort.
"That's Charlie," says Daniels, rolling her eyes.
"OK, I'll 'paws.'"
The next afternoon, the atmosphere in the United States District Court, Eastern District of Virginia, in Norfolk, however, is somber, with low murmurs and tense faces as about 50 of Engle's friends and family, including Kevin and Brett, enter the courtroom, filling its long benches. I have seen many of the faces at the 10-miler yesterday.
All rise as Federal Judge Jerome B. Friedman enters the room. "In most cases, I'll receive two or three letters in support of the defendant," says Friedman. "In this case I received 120."
The three-hour proceedings are like a mini-trial, with several witnesses taking the stand, as does Nordlander, and each side giving closing statements.
Claiming a loss to banks of $404,000, Prosecutor Kosksy pushes for a sentence of between four and five years in prison. He maintains that Engle chose the path of being an ultramarathoner and because he was not able to support himself, left the "banks holding the bag," calling the alleged crimes a "significant offense, a serious offense."
Engle's were "not the actions of an honest and forthright person," says Kosky, "but rather the actions of a fraudster. … The defendant lies when it suits him to get what he wants out of life."
Paul Sun, Engle's attorney, pleads with the judge to consider the conviction "an aberration to what Engle really is," and seeking an "active probation" in which Engle would conduct work for charitable causes.
Engle himself is then called to the podium to read his statement, in which he pleads similarly for leniency. "I have a reputation for turning negatives into positives," he says. "I have absolutely no doubt I will make the best of this."
While the judge praises Engle's eloquence, he says, "Mr. Engle has to be punished for what he did. I believe he knew what he was doing was wrong."
Citing several mitigating circumstances, though, including Engle's positive role modeling for substance abusers, work for H20 Africa and other charitable causes and how his absence could negatively affect his sons, Judge Friedman strays from the sentencing guidelines—a very rare occurrence, as Justice later says—which Friedman lowers from Kosky's recommendation to 37 to 46 months based upon Friedman's final assessment of the loss to lenders. The sentence: serve 21 months in federal prison, pay restitution to Bank of America of $262,500 and complete 100 hours of community service.
As friends gather outside on the courthouse stairs (after being kicked out of the lobby for being too noisy), discussing the verdict, out pops Engle, dapper in his navy-blue suit and a tie, beaming his white smile. He cracks, "I'll bet you're all wondering why I'm here."
Charlie Engle's blog is at www.charlieengle.com; it containswritings about his life and, now, his prison experiences.
You can read Richard Engle's assessment of the case on Norma Bastidas' blog
Visit www.runningthesahara.com for more about the Sahara expedition and H20 Africa.
Michael Benge is the Editor of Trail Runner.
POSTSCRIPT: On February 14, 2011, Charlie Engle began serving his 21-month sentence at the medium-security Beckley Federal Correctional Institution in Beaver, West Virginia. Contacted in the facility, Engle comments that Beckley is "an awful place, but I'm making friends, adjusting." Posted by friends to his Facebook page, he relays:
> "Day 15—Beckley Prison—5 times per day I must stand next to my bed to be counted. No excuses. Miss the count, go to the hole."
> "Good news, I am
flossing every day."
> "Working out every day. No real weights here, so we lift anything not bolted down. Bleachers, rocks, lockers, pingpong table, logs. Necessity = Invention."
> Another post: "I did heavy curls today using a mesh laundry bag and a giant bag of water and a broomstick stuck thru the mesh. Also walked 10 miles in steel-toed boots. Excellent workout!"
> "Day 15—Beckley Prison—I am in prison, completely deprived of free will physically but I will remain free mentally. Some people think I should be miserable but that is up to me. I choose to be positive."


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Michael Hersch: A PortraitPosted by s21concerts in Concert Announcement, tags: classical music, composition, concert, contemporary music, DiMenna Center, Free, Michael Hersch, new music, New York, The Sudden Pianist
A concert of works by renowned American composer Michael Hersch will be presented at the DiMenna Center for the Arts in New York City on the evening of October 19.
Also regarded as one of today's more formidable pianists, Hersch is the subject of a new documentary film, The Sudden Pianist, which focuses on his life and his work for the piano. At the Oct 19 concert, Hersch will perform some of the music featured in the film: selections from his 2 and a half-hour solo piano work, The Vanishing Pavilions. (A screening of the film, which was released earlier in 2013 and has already garnered significant festival interest, will take place at the Producers' Club on the morning of the concert; more information about the film can be found at thesuddenpianist.com.) This concert marks Hersch's only second public appearance as a pianist in New York in the last ten years.
Also on the October 19 all-Hersch program will be "in the snowy margins" for unaccompanied violin; the New York premiere of "of ages manifest" for unaccompanied alto saxophone; Five Fragments for unaccompanied violin; and the New York premiere of How Far the Cradle for soprano and piano. Artists joining the composer on the program are violinist Miranda Cuckson, saxophonist Gary Louie, soprano Ah Young Hong, and pianist Michael Sheppard.
Saturday, October 19 at 8pm
The DiMenna Center for Classical Music
Mary Flagler Cary Hall
450 West 37th Street
New York, NY 10018
Free admission. No reservations required.
For more information, visit here.
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by Anton Shilov
The very first images of what are believed to be external components of Apple's sixth-generation iPhone have emerged on the web. In case the published photos actually depict exterior of the next-generation iPhone, then the device will look and feel pretty much identically to the current iPhone 4/4S models. Still, there will be a number of important additions.
Based on the pictures of the backside and the front-side of the alleged smartphone from Apple published by 9to6Mac web-site, the sixth-generation iPhone will use unibody-like case with the metal antenna band "molded into the metal backplates". Such structure allows Apple to make the device thinner, lighter, stronger and more capacities for internal components, which number will increase provided that the company installs 4G/LTE support into its next-generation smartphone.
The next iPhone, if it is built they way the pictures claim it to be, might be "taller" than the current models, but will have the same width as the iPhone 4/4S. Apple will also get rid of the 30-pin connector used for charging and connecting the phone to personal computers and will introduce a new interface for connecting the gadget to PCs and power outlets. Finally, the company intends to place earphone jack on the bottom cornet of the device, which may not be a good idea at all, given the fact that iPhones are used like media players.
The web-site also reports that since the screen will get taller while retaining its width, its resolution will change to 1136*640, whereas the resulting size will be around 4". Keeping in mind that it is not easy to support additional resolutions on mobile devices - given the fact that programs have to look exactly the same as on all phones - the 1136*640 is theoretically possible, but 1920*1280 seems to make a lot more sense from competition point of view.
Since Apple knows how to keep its secrets, chances that the final design of the new iPhone has leaked are pretty thin. Firstly, Apple usually experiments with different versions of one product before initiating mass production. Secondly, Apple usually provides its partners non-final designs of their products in order to avoid leaks. Thirdly, many elements of what is claimed to be iPhone 5 just seem to strange and not-belonging to Apple style.
Apple did not comment on the news-story.


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Disney Princess Magical Sounds Potty System
by Disney | Item #: 260164 | Model #: Y9401 |
- $ 19 98 19.98
Non-members pay 10% surchargeJoin now!
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Delivery estimates, taxes, and fees are based on ZIP Code. Club Pickup orders are based on your club's current price and item availability on the day of payment.
About this item
The Disney Princess Magical Sounds Potty System™ makes toilet training easier and less intimidating for your toddler. The fun Princess design and magical sounds encourage your toddler to use the potty as her first toilet. The potty seat has a soft cushion for your child's comfort. This product also becomes a trainer seat for your family toilet, and the sturdy base converts to a handy step stool.
- Lift-out pot for easy emptying and cleaning
- 2 AA batteries included
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7.5"H x 12.5"W x 12.75"D
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USA And Imported


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Never get frustrated changing plugs again
If you�ve ever changed spark plugs, you know how frustrating it is when the socket won�t release from the spark plug socket and instead pops off of the extension and stays behind in a hard-to-reach spark-plug well. To prevent this problem, Club member Vic Strauch of Citrus Heights, California, modifies his spark-plug sockets. He first drills a 9/64-in. hole perpendicular to one of the faces of the socket�s drive shank. He then uses a No. 8-32 tap to thread the hole (see inset) and installs a matching set screw. When he snaps the socket onto an extension, he simply tightens the set screw to prevent the socket from popping off. This tip works great for low-torque spark plug sockets, but you shouldn�t modify any regular-use sockets this way because the drilled hole could cause the socket to crack as higher torque is applied. Brought to you by: American Profile - Inspirational Stories & American History


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Evangeline Geometric Beaded Dress
Original: $4,200.00 Now: $2,520.00 This item is Final Sale.
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Additional Information
Make your entrance in this hand-beaded gown for a truly unique and exquisite look.
- V-neck. Sleeveless.
- Geometric hand-beaded applique. Banded.
- Center back zipper with hook-and-eye closure.
- Rayon, Nylon, Spandex.
- To maintain the beauty of your garment, please follow the care instructions on the attached label.
- Imported.
- Measures approximately 58" from shoulder to hem.
- A-line fit through hip.


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>Runner's World - My Event Ratings>
In short: Very well organised, friendly and flat Date of review: December 10, 2011
In short: A few teething problems but has great potential to grow with improvementsIn full: A bit biased as my home town and football club but stadium finish makes it special. Good PB potential although last few miles felt uphill. Good support from locals once away from the bypass. Hope it becomes a fixture in the calendar.Date of review: September 29, 2011
In short: Great scenery, friendly & well organised, but very hillyDate of review: September 18, 2011
In short: Great fun but hard workIn full: This is a great scenic area anyway and to run in it is brilliant. My first attempt at this distance, thoroughly enjoyed the experience but boy it was tough in places. Some of the mushier bits were as a result of very wet weather in the days beforehand but some tough hills for good measure too! Don't let that put you off though. Date of review: December 16, 2010
In short: Nice and flat for plodders like me!In full: My first 10K for many years and was pleased I chose this one. Great encouragement from race officials and organisation was excellent. Found the course very flat so my time was better than anticipated which was very pleasing. Would definitely do again. Date of review: December 14, 2010
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Decade: 1980-1989
Appropriate Technologies for Water Supply and Sanitation in Arid Areas: Workshop : Summary Report
Date: June 1987
Creator: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe
Description: The main purpose of the meeting was to review progress in the development of technologies for making optimum use of limited water resources or using conditions of drought and solar radiation to disinfect ferment-able wastes and destroy microorganisms contained in them.
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Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China
Date: December 26, 1989
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Eutrophication of Lakes and Reservoirs in Warm Climates
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Gold Climate Solid Wastes Management Guidelines
Date: July 1987
Creator: Smith, Daniel W.
Description: In 1982, the Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization initiated a collection of material for a "Guideline to the design of cold-climate water and waste-water facilities", As a part of the International Water Decade a draft was produced, and it soon became evident that a full description of basic health problems in cold environments should also include the handling of garbage.
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Grassland Law of the People's Republic of China
Date: June 18, 1985
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Description: This Law is established in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China with a view to improving the protection, management and development of grasslands and ensuring their rational use; protecting and improving the ecology; modernizing animal husbandry; enhancing the prosperity of local economies of the national autonomous areas; and meeting the needs of socialism and people's livelihoods. The law was adopted at the 11th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress and promulgated by Order No. 26 of the President of the People's Republic of China on June 18, 1985, and effective as of October 1, 1985
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Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution
Date: May 11, 1984
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Nuclear Waste Policy Act
Date: January 7, 1983
Creator: United States. Congress
Description: The Nuclear Waste Policy Act (NWPA) supports the use of deep geologic repositories for the safe storage and/or disposal of radioactive waste. The Act establishes procedures to evaluate and select sites for geologic repositories and for the interaction of state and federal governments. It also provides a timetable of key milestones the federal agencies must meet in carrying out the program. The NWPA assigns the Department of Energy (DOE) the responsibility to site, build, and operate a deep geologic repository for the disposal of high-level waste and spent nuclear fuel. It directs EPA to develop standards for protection of the general environment from offsite releases of radioactive material in repositories. The Act directs the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to license DOE to operate a repository only if it meets EPA's standards and all other relevant requirements.
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Our Changing Planet: A U.S. Strategy for Global Change Research. A Report by the Committee on Earth Science to Accompany the President's Fiscal Year 1990 Budget.
Date: 1989
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Description: This report by the Committee on Earth Sciences presents an initial strategy for a comprehensive, long-term U.S. Global Change Research Program. The report is to Accompany the U.S. President's Fiscal Year 1990 Budget.
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Report of the First Session of the WMO/UNEP Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Date: 1989
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Description: The first session of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was held in Geneva, Switzerland, from 9 to 11 November 1988. The Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading body for the assessment of climate change, established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to provide the world with a clear scientific view on the current state of climate change and its potential environmental and socio-economic consequences.
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Report of the Second Session of the WMO/UNEP Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Date: 1989
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Description: The Panel at its second session stressed the complexity of the climate change and related issues, such that a fine balance would have to be struck between available scientific evidence for climate change and the uncertainties in that knowledge base. The structure of the report was examined and approved. Panel also The panel also discussed on the first session if the IPCC Bureau and adopted various draft reports.
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