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Skip to comments.Kosovo Jubilant at KLA Acquittals
Posted on 12/02/2005 3:50:24 PM PST by kronos77
Tribunal Update Tribunal home Kosovo Jubilant at KLA Acquittals
Kosovos majority Albanian population welcomes result of Hague tribunals first case against former guerrillas.
By Janet Anderson in The Hague (TU No 432, 2-Dec-05) The streets of Pristina erupted with flags, horns and celebratory gunfire on December 1 as news spread that the Hague tribunal had acquitted two of the first three members of the Kosovo Liberation Army, KLA, ever to face trial there for war crimes.
Judges in The Hague sentenced one former foot soldier, Haradin Bala, to 13 years in prison for his role in a KLA prison camp in the village of Lapusnik where Serbs and suspected Albanian collaborators were tortured and murdered in 1998.
But they declared themselves unconvinced that former commanders Fatmir Limaj and Isak Musliu had played any role at the facility. Limaj, who held a senior role in the guerrilla army which helped drive Belgrade security forces out of Kosovo, gained a high profile as a politician in the wake of the conflict.
While the verdict has met with a predictably downbeat response in Serbia, reactions amongst Kosovos majority ethnic Albanian population have been jubilant. Many feel that the court ruling, despite confirming that horrific individual crimes were committed, vindicates the KLA as an organisation.
The judgement comes at a particularly welcome time for Albanians in Kosovo, with talks set to begin on the future political status of the region. Most hope that the process will result in independence from Belgrade.
Observers in Pristina described a collective sense of relief as the judgement hearing in the case was broadcast live on television screens in homes and bars across Kosovo.
The resulting celebrations were a far cry from the dire predictions published in local newspapers of what might happen if the three were found guilty. Just two days before the judgement was issued, an estimated 20,000 people filed through the streets of Pristina protesting the innocence of the three men.
When Limaj went to The Hague in 2003, Kosovos then prime minister, Bajram Rexhepi, declared that the trial would give the accused a chance to prove his innocence and the purity of the war that was led by the KLA.
Some observers now see particular significance in the judges decision to dismiss charges of crimes against humanity against the three accused. They did so on the grounds that there was insufficient evidence that the atrocities at the Lapusnik camp were committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against a civilian population.
Its been understood here as a cleansing of the resistance, said Petrit Selimi, the managing director of Pristinas new Daily Express newspaper. The verdict, he explained, has been seen as recognition that there were [individual] crimes, not a campaign.
Kosovo parliamentarian Enver Hoxhaj told IWPR that the judgement is a good message while Kosovos final status talks are going on, explaining that it has given the local population a feeling that they are supported by the international community.
With Kosovos president Ibrahim Rugova in bad health and former prime minister Ramus Haradinaj currently awaiting a Hague war crimes trial, there have been concerns that Albanians will lack a strong figurehead for the talks on Kosovos future.
Analysts in Kosovo told IWPR that Limaj is viewed by some as having the potential to fill the vacuum. Selimi explained that Limaj is now viewed as a sympathetic figure because of the dignity with which he went to The Hague.
Hoxhaj, who is a senior member of Limajs Democratic Party of Kosovo, PDK, told IWPR that he thought Limaj would step back into the crucial role he played in the party before being indicted. We missed him, he added.
The judgement has also served to support the view that Hague tribunals first case involving former KLA fighters was in fact only launched as part of an effort to show the courts impartiality with regard to the various parties involved in the Balkans conflicts of the Nineties.
A series of senior Serbian generals and politicians, including former Yugoslav president Slobodan Milosevic, have been indicted for their role in alleged ethnic cleansing in Kosovo in 1999.
There has also been speculation about what consequences the outcome might have on the joint trial of Haradinaj and two others said to have been his subordinates in the KLA. They are charged with involvement in the abduction and murder of Serbs, Roma and suspected Albanian collaborators.
Edgar Chen, a long-time observer of proceedings at the Hague tribunal for the Coalition for International Justice, told IWPR, however, that it is important to remember that these are two distinct cases. Haradinaj is charged under a different set of alleged facts, he said. Judges will have to consider Haradinaj's case on the evidence that [prosecutors] and his defence presents.
The judges hearing the case against Limaj, Musliu and Bala in The Hague appeared keen to emphasise that the acquittal of two of the accused did not mean that crimes had not taken place.
They underlined that civilians had been held in horrific conditions at the KLA camp in Lapusnik, with gross overcrowding and some chained to the wall; KLA soldiers, often wearing hoods to hide their faces, beat inmates into unconsciousness; detainees, including some who had been shot, were denied medical treatment despite the existence of a clinic in the village where KLA personnel were treated.
Apart from three prisoners who were murdered at the camp itself, Bala was also found to have taken part in the massacre of nine prisoners in nearby mountains.
But the judges said they were not satisfied that Limaj and Musliu held positions in the KLA which would have made them responsible for the camp.
While there was a strong possibility that Limaj had been personally present at the facility, they said, there was not enough evidence to convict of personal involvement crimes there. As for Musliu, the judges ruled that there was in fact little evidence to identify... [him] as having any kind of involvement in the prison camp.
Meanwhile, reactions in Belgrade to the verdict have been unsurprisingly gloomy. Rasim Ljajic, president of Serbias National Council for Cooperation with the Hague tribunal, told the Beta news agency that the result would bolster the positions of those who are hostile to the United Nations court.
Janet Anderson is IWPRs programme manager in The Hague.
But you don't even understand what you are saying. The Serbian occupation of Kosovo was itself a massive and unending series of criminal acts, including theft, arson, beatings, murders, false arrests, poisoning, forced expulsions and rapes. To say that crime did not rise after the forced annexation of Kosovo to Serbia is a denial of reality.
And there was practically no retaliatory violence from the Albanians until 1996:
"And, as far as terrorist acts are concerned, I can quote some data from our Interior Ministry.
"Let's say : In 1991, there were 11 terrorist actions, in 1992 12, in 1993 8, in 1994 6, in 1995 11, but in 1998, after Milosevic had started creating ethnic conflict, there were 1,855 such terrorist actions. It shows that the growth of terrorism in Kosovo a consequence of ethnic cleansing, not its cause.
(Ratomir Tanic interview with Radio Free Europe, 7 March 2001.
Ratomir Tanic led a secret Serbian negotiation team with the Kosovar Albanians until 1997. http://www.danas.org/programi/interview/2001/03/20010307075519.asp)
Besides, the main reason why illicit activities are more developed in Kosovo than they should (in spite of being no more so than in any other European country) is that Milosevic destroyed the local police in 1990 to reassert the alleged "rights" of Serbia over the country.
I argued that the Milosevic's takeover had nothing to do with Albanian crime. Now you are arguing something new, that the Albanians didn't retaliate against Serbian repression. Whether they did or didn't, it doesn't explain your hypothesis that Albanian criminality is Milosevic's fault. In fact, it implies the opposite.
Neither the Germans nor the Italians had any reason to conceal administrative records with no link to any kind of criminal activity. .
There was no "greater Albanian" policy on the part of the Italians, other than the annexation to Albania of southern Kosovo and Western Macedonia, which had already a majority of Albanians.
And even less on the part of the the Germans, who kept northern Kosovo in Serbia, despite its majority Albanian population.
Neither had the means to impose a policy of massive resettlement on the recalcitrant Albanians during a world war, neither had any reason to engage in one and there is no contrary historical evidence whatsoever.
You have been repeating a Serb lie and, like most Serbs, without even knowing it was one. And now you engage in fantasy, with even less plausibility, to rationalize your gullibility.
Whether you accept it or not, 60 percent what the Serbs say about Balkan history is false, and the proportion rises to 90 percent when the issue is Kosovo. That is, three times the level of mendacity of the Albanians or, for that matter, of the Croats. You can't be "even-handed" if you don't take those proportions into account but of course you can only evaluate them after studying the subject seriously.
And 80% of statistics are made up on the spot. Of course I realize that Serbian history is biased, that's why I gave you an unbiased link. No, you said, it is merely "even-handed" because it repeats Serb lies. Obviously you cannot prove that there wasn't substantial Albanian migration into Kosovo during WWII, just as much as I can't prove there was. But what I don't accept is your blind bias against any facts that may benefit the Serbian case. You are a propagandist. Or a true believer in something, I'm not sure what. Here's Wikipedia on Greater Albania:
During World War II, the dream of a Great Albania became a reality with the fall of Yugoslavia in 1941. Great Albania was established under Italian tutelage including most of Kosovo, Metohia and parts of Vardar Macedonia, Western part of Aegean Macedonia, and parts of Greek's Epirus
In post 40 you said: The only Serbs expelled during the Italian occupation of Kosovo were colonists who had been settled there on land stolen from the Albanians by the policy of ethnic cleansing imposed by the Yugoslav government before the war.
I pointed out that post 40 was propaganda, so you watered it down a little. Don't you realize that watered down propaganda is still propaganda? You haven't answered my question. Do you support the ethnic cleansing of white colonists from Southwest America (or all of American for that matter)?
The text you have provided a link to is not partisan but contains a lot of inaccuracies and the bibliography is ridiculous, as it includes no professional historian of the region and not even the best journalists who have analyzed recent developments: it obviously does not come from a Balkan specialist.
Another consequence of such ignorance which you are unwilling to admit is that you are not as able as I am to judge who is biased and who isn't.
You simply won't accept that there is a side which is more criminal and dishonest than the others, while there obviously is, if only for reasons of cultural history and relative military might, so that your attempt to be even-handed results in your systematic acceptance of the lies from one side.
If a layman were to seek evidence of your bias, he would have to look no further than the fact that you have repeatedly accused me of "propaganda", while ignoring the irrelevant abuse and ridiculous inventions of the others but maybe you don't claim to recognize irrelevant abuse like you claim to "recognize propaganda"?
You are a hypocrite.
You still haven't understood what I meant, and i am not going to help you.
I do recognize that there are people biased towards Serbia repeating Serb propaganda. I pointed that out up in the thread (post 43). I didn't point it out to those posters because they have been here much longer than you have and we have argued about Kosovo before. But I was being a bit hypocritical in targetting your propaganda and not theirs. Nonetheless, it doesn't suddenly turn your propaganda into truth. You are a propagandist or a true believer in Greater Albania or something. There is no doubt that you are one of the two. If you really are a true believer, then explain why, maybe your family was kicked around by the Serbs?
Your explanation of why your colonialism logic doesn't apply to whites in America, Jews in Palestine, or any of many similar situations does not hold water. Nobody can be that focussed on one part of one country without being aware of analogous situations.
I haven't said your "unbiased" historian repeats Serb lies, although it happens to be the case. It is enough for me that he doesn't confuse objectivity with even-handedness; he is simply a victim of the relative dominance of Serb historiography on the matter until 1997, which is why I found him rather professional, given that he is not an expert on the subject.
On the other hand, I did say that YOU are systematically biased and that YOU repeat Serb lies, as a consequence of trying to be even-handed in a context where even-handedness automatically implies repeating lies and, for that matter, ignoring crimes. The difference is that I gave you more information than he had, and you seem to make nothing of it.
Maybe you would have a better understanding of what drives me here if I asked you whether one should be "even-handed" between anti-Nazis and Holocaust deniers, and take at face value the pronouncements of the latter while calling "propagandists" those who denounce them?
(Here is a bunch of people who are even more exercised than I am about the deniers of Serb crimes, since they have set up whole websites to refute them
To be sure, they also report crimes against the Serbs, but there is no way you won't call them "propagandists" since they can't help saying that the Serbs started the wars, initiated the atrocities and committed an overwhelming majority of the crimes.)
And yes, I have also proved that there was no massive Albanian immigration into Kosovo during WWII. This is a case where absence of evidence is evidence of absence, while the thesis has no a priori plausibility.
Now, in addition to not understanding what I said, you don't even read it any more. The quote you make about "Greater Albania" is completely consistent with what I said, even if the use ot the term Metohia is proof of a pro-Serb bias.
(The neutral term is "Western Kosovo" or "The upper Drin/Drim Basin". while the Albanians call it "The Dukagjin Plateau").
I am not attempting to be even-handed, as I pointed out before I did not criticize the Serb propagandists on this thread. I merely pointed out that you are also a propagandist albeit with 10 years of experience.
Now, in addition to not understanding what I said, you don't even read it any more. The quote you make about "Greater Albania" is completely consistent with what I said, even if the use ot the term Metohia is proof of a pro-Serb bias.
In post 53 you said "annexation to Albania of southern Kosovo", but Wikipedia shows it as most of Kosovo and part of Serbia bordering Kosovo. Either you didn't read what you said or you didn't read the link I sent.
And you still haven't answered my question, do you advocate ethnic cleansing for all people you deem to be colonists, including Jews in Palestine? It's ok to be hypocritical and say Israel is a special case as long as you admit you are being hypocritical.
The Albanians never lived in eastern Turkey, the Georgians are not Illyrians, the Albanians appeared under that name in Albania and never in Croatia, which was then independent and not under German domination ; there was never a Serbian kingdom of Bosnia, and Macedonia was then a Bulgarian kingdom. The Turks never used the Albanians as colonists, like they used the Serbs in Bosnia, no Albanian immigration took place into Kosovo during the Second World War, there was no German or Italian policy of extermination of Serbian villages, which didn't resist them. Tito only allowed Rankovic to expel hundreds of thousands of Albanians, and then fired him. The EU has no responsibility in Kosovo and wouldn't approve of any violence there, and the churches there are not 1,200 years old.
This is but a sample of the inaccuracies you have let pass, while criticizing me and for noting the ignorance of such propagandists. Do you understand that I am beginning to suspect some kind of dishonesty in those double standards of yours?
I do not understand what you mean by propaganda. I have been more truthful and knowledgeable than anyone here including, by far, yourself. If what is wrong is to take sides in a debate, what is a discussion for?
What part of "I won't claim to be competent on subjects I haven't studied." don't you understand?
"Kosovo is Albanian as France is French".
France is COUNTRY and belongs to the French people.
Kosovo= Field OF Black Bird, on serbian, and do not have name "Field Of ALbanians" :)))
ALBANIA= country of Albanians
FRANCE= country of French.
KOSOVO= province of Serbia with large Albanian minority.
"Kosovo belongs to Albanians" = Serbian province of Kosovo belongs to the foreighn Muslim invaders.
Personaly, I take greater care for christian burned monuments and Churches on Kosovo than in burned-down Louvre.
I never claimed competence and have stated so. I have merely analyzed your postings and found them to be propaganda.
I do not understand what you mean by propaganda. I have been more truthful and knowledgeable than anyone here --including, by far, yourself. If what is wrong is to take sides in a debate, what is a discussion for?
You admit errors and inaccuracies time and again. See my post 55. Most of your postings are similarly either propaganda or watered down propaganda (vague words like "most"). If you are trading propaganda with the Serb propagandists, that is not a debate or discussion. If you refute their specific points, then it can be, but often you stoop to ad hominem (calling people ignorant). Don't your admitted exaggerations undermine your claim of truthfulness?
Just because you believe I am ignorant doesn't mean I can't see enough of both sides to notice your propaganda and your denial is curious. Also curious is the way you read into my posts a bunch of things I never talked about like "the Georgians are not Illyrians" which doesn't refute my first post to you which was that the Albanians - Illyrians linkage is in dispute. Because you don't admit to that dispute and take every Albanian claim as gospel to repeat here, you are a propagandist.
If you feel entitled to call that "propaganda", I am to call it an empty concept.
Indeed, holding some people to impossible standards while giving a pass to every outrage from their opponents reminds me of a standard socialist trick:
Let's apply ideal standards to the reality of what people can actually do, and we will be able to disqualify them automatically.
I thought you were only qualified to talk about the Albanians in Kosovo. Anything else is outside of your competence since that is the reason you won't answer my question about ethnically cleansing Jews from Palestine. They are colonists even more than the Serbs who colonized Kosovo hundreds of years ago.
I exaggerated in the course of answering to an incredible bunch of lies
No, your propaganda was about equal to the Serb propaganda I have seen, you profess certainty about events in WWII based on the absence of evidence which you will certainly never look for, you constistently use words like "all" and "only" until called on it, then notch it down to "most". No, your propaganda is just as dogmatic as theirs, no real difference.
I support the Albanian thesis because no alternative makes sense, and you haven't even mentioned any. I have had to provide the Thracian one myself, if only to prove that it cannot be true; and the only objection you could find is that someone else, whom I have identified as a non-specialist and who quotes neither the arguments nor the bibliography on the issue, says that it is still in dispute. But he simply doesn't know enough.
I mentioned the fabrication about the Georgians as an example of the many you have let pass without notice, not as one you were repeating. It is enough that you believe in one of the numerous episodes of "Albanian immigration" Serb propagandists have invented.
I have admitted to one exaggeration, in a context where you let the camel pass and objected to the fly, and none other. You haven't found other errors and inaccuracies on my part, and I have even less admitted any.
I don't care if you don't believe what I know about the Second world war; I have given you my proofs, you have provided none, and I don't owe you further proof nor further research.
Concerning the Jews in Palestine, i know enough history to give you an answer: the Jews are the first known settlers of the territory who still lay claim to it and it therefore belongs to them.
Your thesis is Albanian propaganda, of course it is designed to make sense, just as much as the Serb thesis.
I have admitted to one exaggeration
And ignore the rest. Your post #15, answered in #17 with no response from you.
Your post #26, answered numerous times, particulary post #32, but your response is "of course I have alternative information"
Your post #27, answered in #35 ad hominem which you correctly pointed out (a rare exception)
Your post #28, answered in #29, which you deflected in 37 rather than answer.
Your post #40 almost pure propaganda, you admit part of it was exaggerated and the rest the few undeniable facts in the rest are fairly trivial (churches at most 7 centuries old, etc).
In short, your postings are not part of a debate about the validity of Albanian claims because you aren't answering critical issues such as the connection to the Illyrians. Your "debate" follows the usual pattern: you assert that Albanians descend from Illyria, then dismiss my unbiased link talking about the lack of certainty. It's your certainty that makes debate impossible even though you claim to want it. History by definition is far from certain, we do the best we can with the facts at hand. But that means using all the facts with no preconceived conclusions.
Oh, Albanians have avry right on kosovo cause, they are linked to Ilirians.
sounds Arian trashtalk to me.
Albania, Albania uber alles!
Man, lay off, this discussion is useless. Frenchie will blab his version until he got to go to toilet.
Anyway, inshort, this is map of "Great Albania"
Man, not even Hitler wanted to enlarge Germany 200%
Sorry for the link
Dictated by Mr. Soros himself, undoubtedly.
Thanks for the link, I already showed him something like it from Wikipedia in post 54.
You've done nothing of the sort! You've only given verbal support to the Muhammedan ethnic cleansing of the Serb Christians in Kosovo and shown yourself to be a fool and a liar.
Thanks for taking over....I need a nap.
"do you advocate ethnic cleansing for all people you deem to be colonists, including Jews in Palestine?"
I hate to bring this up because I admire the job you are doing refuting the Muslim apologist who believes in ethnic cleansing of Serbians. But Jews in the land of Israel predated the so-called Palestinians by centuries. So-called Palestinians have little connection to the land of Israel. They are mostly nomadic Arabs who settled there from the Arabian Peninsula after the land was improved by a surge in Jewish immigration and cultivation in the late 1800's and early 1900's.
Please consult Mark Twain's travelogue of 1867 "The Innocents Abroad" which documents how barren and unpopulated Israel was, and the absence of any group known as "Palestinians."
I support the country of Israel for historical reasons to some extent, but mostly as a sanctuary for Jews. I think the world owed them that after kicking them around for centuries and I'm proud our country and Britain came through for them.
"The judgement I cast on "ethnic cleansing" is therefore dependent on whom I deem to be the legitimate owners of the country."
Your "judgment" therefore lacks morality. The judgment I cast on ethnic cleansing is that it is indefensible. Ethnic cleansing is not a legitimate response to enforce property rights. There is law and war, there is terror and there is ethnic cleansing. If you can not tell the difference then you lack moral clarity.
In today's world the condemnation of ehtnic cleansing is contingent on the identity of the victims not the universal application of principles. Muslim victims garner cries of atrocities world round. Christian victims are not sympathetic to the European left with their post colonial self-flagelation. And Muslims who are usually the perpetrators of the killing are definitely not owning up. They are still crying victim even as they wield the stick.
agreed. See my answer in post #81.
Really? Nice try. Now explain to me how these colonists were on that land from before the 10th centuary. Explain how those SERBIAN churchs are 1200 years old. If you apply that standard, you Franks had best get the hell off the Gallic/Roman lands you stole and go back to Germany.
Excellent, then you won't mind returning Krajina and Dalmatia back to it's rightful owners correct?
Using the "logic" (you should excuse me for even applying that term to his Dhimmitude propaganda) of the surrender monkey, we'd better start transferring most of the American southwest to the new nation of Aztlan.
You might as well go right ahead as you've already shown yourself to be completely incompetent on subjects you claim to have studies.
Of course, reading from Soros' talking point hardly qualifies as "study," dear boy.
Outside of the fact that Bulgarians, another Slavic people owned that land before the Serbs, the Albanians were not present in Kosovo until the Turks, since before the Bulgars, it was the Greek Bzyntines who lived there.
A history of Serb-Albanian Relations
Under the Byzantine Empire Kosovo and parts of Albania were populated by agriculturalist Slavs in the plains and valleys while pastoralist Vlachs, Illyrians, Albanian, Dardanians and Thracians held the highlands. There is no evidence that the ancient Illyrians were Albanians. Since the Illyrians, before they were absorbed by the Romans, did not have a written language, Venetians, Dalmatians, Croats, Montenegrins, and Albanians, all can claim ancient but unprovable Illyrian roots.After a period within the Bulgarian Empire, and another period of Byzantine rule, in 1180 Kosovo became part of the Serb state. In 1219 the Kosovar town of Pec became the seat of the Serb Orthodox church, against which the Pope organized crusades. The Battle of Kosovo Polje (which in Serb means Field of Blackbirds) was fought in 1389 and saw the Christian armies, led by the Serb Prince Lazar, the Bosnian King Tvrtko and their Hungarian, Bulgarian, and Albanian allies challenging the invading armies of Emir Murad and his vassals. That battle was a draw--both Prince Lazar and Emir Murad were killed-- but in later battles the Christians were defeated and most of the Balkans were conquered. Originally, Ottoman rule was definitely more rational and tolerant than that of any contemporary European state. Any conquered prince or village chief, if he converted to Islam, would be accepted as an equal of the Ottomans and would see his own wealth and power increase, at the expense of those who remained Christians. Nevertheless, Christians and Jews were tolerated, although converts were favored. With time, the converts became owners of ever greater spreads of land, worked by their Christian serfs, who in Bosnia and Kosovo happened to be mostly Serbs. Sometimes converts or immigrants are embarrassed by their origins, and to prove their dedication to their new faith or country,they are more likely to turn vicious against their infidel uncivil cousins.
Often amongst the cruelest persecutors you find people whose granparents were from the persecuted group. As the formerly Christian Albanians became the rulers of the land, it became very uncomfortable to be a Christian in Albania and in Kosovo. One half of the population of Albania escaped to Italy, while most of the other half converted. Many of the Serbs of Kosovo escaped north, in successive waves,to escape the rule of Albanian converts or the avenging Ottoman armies, which arrived after every failed Serb insurrection. Serbs peasants were replaced by Albanians from the Kosovo highlands or from northern Albania. About the year 1800 things began to get worse still: in more tolerant days, all that Serbs had to do was to accept serfdom under an Albanian bey or pasha or under a Bosnian beg. Now a particularly demanding Albanian pasha might simply kill Serbs unwilling to convert or destroy their village. Some Serbs who chose conversion to Islam remained crypto-Christians and for many years maintained Christian traditions within the home. Persecution of crypto-Christians was initiated, and after a few generations, through intermarriage, all converted Serbs were absorbed into the Albanian population. What often remained was awareness of blood ties and of an ancient shared history,as well as common traditions and bilingualism. There is no record of organized violence between Serbs or Montenegrins and Albanians until 1785, when an Albanian army, under the nominal sovereignty of the Sultan in Istambul, invaded Montenegro.
After 11 years of fighting the Albanians had to withdraw and Montenegroremained an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire. In 1875 an agrarian insurrection against the Moslem landlord and tax collector started in Bosnia and turned into a national Serb revolution, which found support and volunteers amongst European liberals, particularly the followers of Mazzini and Garibaldi. At the end of Tolstoy's Ana Kerenina, we see Prince Vronsky on his way to the Balkans as one such volunteer. The Bosnian Serbs proclaimed their union to Serbia,--they were the majority then in Bosnia -- but Austria had other plans for the area. In a secret agreement, concluded in Budapest, Vienna and St. Petersburg divided the Balkans into spheres of influence. The Zar declared war against the Sultan. With the aid of forces from Bulgaria,Montenegro, and Serbia, the Ottoman armies were defeated and a peace treaty was signed, which gave parts of Kosovo to Serbia and Montenegro,while Bulgaria got Macedonia and independence. But Berlin--and Vienna,Rome, London, and Paris-- didn't like that one bit, and told the little Slavs, "Give it back immediately!" Which they did, while Bulgaria had to accept autonomy instead of independence. That was the Congress of Berlin, 1878, whose big winner was Austria-Hungary, which grabbed Bosnia-Herzegovina and the Sanjak. The Ottoman Empire tried reforms and gave equal rights to Serbs. This offended the Albanians, who saw themselves taxed just like Christians, equated to the "rayah", Turkish word that means herd. That is the traditional term of reference for Christians, seen as a herd whose purpose in life is to be fleeced.
Ottoman rule was now very weak and became definitely unable to protect its Serb subjects. During the previous war the Slavic armies had terrorized the Albanians, while Albanian irregulars had terrorized the Serbs in Kosovo. Afterwards,robbery, beatings, rape, and murder of Serbs by Albanians came to be commonplace in Kosovo. Raiding Serb towns became a conventional way of making a living. Raids were made against towns in Serbia proper as well as against Serb towns in Kosovo. In 1901 Albanian bands raided Novi Pazar and Pristina, the raids regularly turning into pogroms. In between pogroms Serbs in Kosovo had to keep a low profile. For example, it wasn't wise for Serbs to paint their houses or in some other way make them look fancier than their Albanian neighbors'. In one Kosovo town it was customary for the town crier to end every announcement with the cry "Woe unto him who is a Chistian."
Vienna's agents stirred up unrest in the expectation that chaos would enable Austria-Hungary to occupy the area as it had done in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Kosovar Albanian notables visited Belgrade as honored guests and were offered gifts and arms to encourage them to protect Kosovo Serbs. In 1903 the Macedonians rose up and the bashibazouks, mostly Albanian irregular forces, were sent to crush the uprising.In 1908 the Young Turk government in Istambul attempted the centralization of the empire and mandated Turkish language instruction, military service, and higher taxes. Kosovo Albanians revolted and the Turkish reaction was severe. 50,000 Albanians and 100,000 Serbs fled Kosovo. Serbia and Montenegro began to support Albanian guerrilla leaders like Isa Boletini and Idriz Seferi, who in exchange protected Kosovo's Serbs. Seferi had some of his followers shot for robbing Serbs and Boletini had Serbs amongst his most trusted men. However,when Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, and Serbia went to war against the Ottoman Empire, the Albanians sided with Istambul. " Better the devil you know..." Albanians thus became victims of generalized killing and pillage at the hands of the victorious Balkan armies. Serb forces reached the sea but Vienna and Rome announced that this would not be tolerated. It was Austria' s policy that Serbia should never be allowed to have a port on the Adriatic. Italy's objective was control of both sides of the Adriatic. The Italians landed and fought off Greeks and Serbs. Austria and Italy were then allied in the Triple Alliance, whose third member was Germany. They supported a convention of feudal lords from all over Albania, which proclaimed Albania's independence in Vlora in 1912. The Treaty of London of 1913 recognized an independent Albania, but the settlement of her final borders was postponed. Serbia lost access to the sea but kept most of Kosovo. World War I saw general mayhem between Serbs and Albanians in Kosovo, the Austro-Hungarian invasion of Serbia, one year of Serb resistance, the German and Bulgarian invasion, the loss of Serbia and the epic retreat to the sea of the Serb army through Kosovo and Albania. Serbia lost 1/2 of its men of fighting age (18-55) in battle,famine, typhus, massacre,Austrian gallows and concentration camps. A good German line of the time was "Serbien muss Sterben," meaning,"Serbia must die." The Italians occupied Albania --they had been promised half of Albania in the 1915 Treaty of London--and an Italian general proclaimed once again Albanian independence, "under the friendship and protection of Italy" in June 1917. In 1918 the Serb army came back to Kosovo. The Italians financed Albanian guerrillas against Serbia. The Serbs reacted with massacres. Amnesty was offered in 1921, but the guerrillas surrendered in the fall only to return to the hills in spring, just as had been the practice of outlaws in the Ottoman Empire.
The new ruler of Albania, who later became King Zog, decided to kill the rebel leaders and the Yugoslav amnesty of 1924 put an end to the rebellion. King Zog followed a middle line, now leaning towards Italy, now towards Yugoslavia, but when he went as far as marrying a Hungarian countess instead of an Italian princess, Mussolini decided he had enough of King Zog, organized a Constituent Assembly of Albanian feudal and clan lords and asked them to offer the crown to the King of Italy. Mussolini's explicit order to the new governor was that Albanian irredentist feelings towards Greece and Yugoslavia be encouraged.World War II saw Kosovo divided between Germany, Italy, and Bulgaria. Italy formed Albanian units, which were used in the "pacification" of Greece. Balli Kombetar, the National Union, which has often been said to be the nationalist resistance to the Axis, was allied to the SS Skandenbeg division, an Albanian unit with German officers, which concerned itself with the final solution of both the Jewish and the Christian problem in Albania. In the place of killed or expelled Serbs and Jews came 70,000 settlers from Albania.
The Italian army tried to protect the Serbs, but the greatest help it could really provide was transportation out of Kosovo. Balli Kombetar could be argued to be part of the Albanian resistance if by "resistance" you mean beating up or killing Italians, after Italy switched to the allied side in 1943. Partisan units in Kosovo attracted thousands of Serbs and Montenegrins but a rather small number of Albanians. Although the defeats of the Axis showed that the end was in sight, the killings of Serbs continued, even though Albanian elders questioned the wisdom of such a policy. I944 saw the retreat of the Germans, the Yugoslav partisans' takeover, the suicidal insurrection of Kosovo's Balli Kombetar, and the settling of accounts: during and after very heavy fighting, thousands of Albanians were killed. The end of the war saw a new, young, strong, confident government, still animated by a spirit of idealism, certain of the coming of a bright new (red) dawn, a new society, even a new civilization. Milovan Djlas quotes Tito as saying, in 1945, " Enough of all these death sentences and all this killing! The death sentence no longer has any effect! No one fears death any more." So they stopped most of the killing and did not expel the Albanians, as the Greek government did, without any important person in the world noticing it. Albanian language schools were opened, and higher education was opened to Albanians. Albanian flags, however, were not permitted, and flag raising was cause for arrest. In 1969 the Albanian, Serbo-Croat, and Turkish languages achieved equal status in Kosovo, while the independent University of Pristina was established. In 1974 Kosovo became one of the eight federal units of Yugoslavia. The national nine-member collective leadership consisted of President Tito and one member for each federal unit. This meant that as long as Tito lived --he was president for life--there would be an Albanian vice-president for a year, a Croat next year, then a Slovenian, etc. After Tito died there would be a collective presidency of eight members, one of whom was to be an Albanian. Kosovo now had representation on the federal courts and on the constitutional court --the equivalent of the U.S. Supreme Court.
It had a veto on all Serb legislation affecting it, while Serbia could not veto a law passed in Kosovo, which now had its own government, parliament, police, judiciary, and supreme court. In the field of public service 80% of all jobs were reserved for Albanians and knowledge of Albanian became mandatory and sufficient. Albanian literature and culture flourished, but a university degree in albanology or Islamic studies did not offer opportunities as an engineering degree would. Most of Yugoslavia's development fund went to Kosovo but the high birthrate, three times the Yugoslav average, insured poverty. As youth unemployment increased, the Albanian government of Kosovo tried solving the problem by providing opportunities and funds for higher education, in Albanian, countering a tradition of bilingualism or trilingualism--Albanian, Serb, And Turkish. That decision of the Albanian leadership was quite catastrophic, since it ghettoized Albanians. It is not easy today in Kosovo to find young Albanians who speak Serb, or any foreign language at that. All successful, affluent minorities are bilingual. What was created was a class of dissatisfied intellectuals without prospects of translating their humanities degrees into jobs, while the development of university facilities did not keep pace with the increase in the number of students. Students were unhappy with the food and with conditions in general at the university. The government and the university were totally in the hands of Albanians, but a culprit had to be found. In some places you naturally blame the Jews, in some places you blame the Muslims, in Kosovo you blame the Christians. So on March 26, 1981 the first pogrom since World War II took place in Pristina. Instead of Jews, the targets were Serbs and Montenegrins, who were attacked, their homes and shops looted and set on fire. The army intervened to quell the riots and perhaps one hundred Albanians were killed. This, however,was not a riot like the Watts, Newark, or Detroit riots of the 1960's. In Pristina policemen were killed. Certainly it would have been wiser to use less force to end the riots, certainly there was no need for the type of repression that followed. On the other hand, it cannot be denied that the Yugoslavs had succeeded in breaking with the brutal history of massacre and revenge that had afflicted Kosovo. The Albanians in Kosovo had obtained more rights than any minority in any contested area in the world, and had more economic, religious, political, and educational freedoms and opportunities than Albanians in Albania. But this was not sufficient to break that old custom of beating up Christians when you can get away with it. The autonomous Albanian government allowed Albanians to get away with it. Serbs and Montenegrins found themselves to be targets of job and language discrimination.
As the Albanians obtained control of the police, life became difficult for all minorities. It starts with cursing when you meet your Serb neighbor in the street, then come threats, robbery,cutting of trees, theft and destruction of crops, killing of animals, stonings, and beatings. If that is not enough to convince Serbs to sell their house and leave, there is always the knife. Altering the balance of power between nationalities through intimidation or terror is ethnic cleansing. In 1989, to put a stop to such ethnic cleansing Milosevic withdrew the autonomy and reincorporated Kosovo into Serbia. I would not deny that this was done undiplomatically, and that there was no real effort to give incentives to Albanian leaders willing to cooperate with Serbia. Nevertheless, the action of Milosevic, though heavy-handed, was essentially defensive in nature. The recent armed struggle has caused the ethnic cleansing process to accelerate. Many villages have been totally cleansed of Serbs. Serbs, Montenegrins, as well as Rom or even Albanians unwilling to work with the KLA, are robbed or beaten. Some may be beaten to death.Sometimes their tortured bodies are found, sometimes they just disappear. Human remains were found in the village of Klechka, where a limestone kiln was used as crematorium for 22 people whom the KLA did not like. It's too bad that since the governments of NATO countries decided to take sides in this conflict, the western media have found it inappropriate to involve unpleasantries like Klecka into the general discussion of Kosovo.
Wrong. The Albanians were terrorizing Serbs out of Kosovo in the 1980's and before. The New York Times wrote about it. An Albanian soldier in the Yugoslav army murdered several sleeping non-Albanians (including Bosniaks, part Bosniaks, Slovenes, etc.) and they did many other subversive actions within the army and without.
One of the reasons crimes were low in the early '90s was because many of the Albanian troublemakers were participating in the wars in Croatia and Bosnia. After the wars, Albanian veterans sought to start up troubles in Kosovo. They supported and do support themselves with a vast network of crime - drugs, people trafficking, robbery, prostitution, and more. They are known throughout Europe as especially violent criminals.
The New York Times
November 1, 1987, Sunday, Late City Final Edition
Section 1; Part 1, Page 14, Column 1;
"In Yugoslavia, Rising Ethnic Strife Brings Fears of Worse Civil Conflict"
By DAVID BINDER, Special to the New York Times
BELGRADE, Yugoslavia
Portions of southern Yugoslavia have reached such a state of ethnic friction that Yugoslavs have begun to talk of the horrifying possibility of ''civil war'' in a land that lost one-tenth of its population, or 1.7 million people, in World War II.
The current hostilities pit separatist-minded ethnic Albanians against the various Slavic populations of Yugoslavia and occur at all levels of society, from the highest officials to the humblest peasants.
A young Army conscript of ethnic Albanian origin shot up his barracks, killing four sleeping Slavic bunkmates and wounding six others.
The army says it has uncovered hundreds of subversive ethnic Albanian cells in its ranks. Some arsenals have been raided.
Vicious Insults
Ethnic Albanians in the Government have manipulated public funds and regulations to take over land belonging to Serbs. And politicians have exchanged vicious insults.
Slavic Orthodox churches have been attacked, and flags have been torn down. Wells have been poisoned and crops burned. Slavic boys have been knifed, and some young ethnic Albanians have been told by their elders to rape Serbian girls.
Ethnic Albanians comprise the fastest growing nationality in Yugoslavia and are expected soon to become its third largest, after the Serbs and Croats.
Radicals' Goals
The goal of the radical nationalists among them, one said in an interview, is an ''ethnic Albania that includes western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, part of southern Serbia, Kosovo and Albania itself.'' That includes large chunks of the republics that make up the southern half of Yugoslavia.
Other ethnic Albanian separatists admit to a vision of a greater Albania governed from Pristina in southern Yugoslavia rather than Tirana, the capital of neighboring Albania.
There is no evidence that the hard-line Communist Government in Tirana is giving them material assistance.
The principal battleground is the region called Kosovo, a high plateau ringed by mountains that is somewhat smaller than New Jersey. Ethnic Albanians there make up 85 percent of the population of 1.7 million. The rest are Serbians and Montenegrins.
Worst Strife in Years
As Slavs flee the protracted violence, Kosovo is becoming what ethnic Albanian nationalists have been demanding for years, and especially strongly since the bloody rioting by ethnic Albanians in Pristina in 1981 - an ''ethnically pure'' Albanian region, a ''Republic of Kosovo' ' in all but name.
The violence, a journalist in Kosovo said, is escalating to ''the worst in the last seven years.''
Many Yugoslavs blame the troubles on the ethnic Albanians, but the matter is more complex in a country with as many nationalities and religions as Yugoslavia's and involves economic development, law, politics, families and flags. As recently as 20 years ago, the Slavic majority treated ethnic Albanians as inferiors to be employed as hewers of wood and carriers of heating coal. The ethnic Albanians, who now number 2 million, were officially deemed a minority, not a constituent nationality, as they are today.
Were the ethnic tensions restricted to Kosovo, Yugoslavia's problems with its Albanian nationals might be more manageable. But some Yugoslavs and some ethnic Albanians believe the struggle has spread far beyond Kosovo. Macedonia, a republic to the south with a population of 1.8 million, has a restive ethnic Albanian minority of 350,000.
''We've already lost western Macedonia to the Albanians,'' said a member of the Yugoslav party presidium, explaining that the ethnic minority had driven the Slavic Macedonians out of the region.
Attacks on Slavs
Last summer, the authorities in Kosovo said they documented 40 ethnic Albanian attacks on Slavs in two months. In the last two years, 320 ethnic Albanians have been sentenced for political crimes, nearly half of them characterized as severe.
In one incident, Fadil Hoxha, once the leading politician of ethnic Albanian origin in Yugoslavia, joked at an official dinner in Prizren last year that Serbian women should be used to satisfy potential ethnic Albanian rapists. After his quip was reported this October, Serbian women in Kosovo protested, and Mr. Hoxha was dismissed from the Communist Party.
As a precaution, the central authorities dispatched 380 riot police officers to the Kosovo region for the first time in four years.
Officials in Belgrade view the ethnic Albanian challenge as imperiling the foundations of the multinational experiment called federal Yugoslavia, which consists of six republics and two provinces.
'Lebanonizing' of Yugoslavia
High-ranking officials have spoken of the ''Lebanonizing'' of their country and have compared its troubles to the strife in Northern Ireland.
Borislav Jovic, a member of the Serbian party's presidency, spoke in an interview of the prospect of ''two Albanias, one north and one south, like divided Germany or Korea,'' and of ''practically the breakup of Yugoslavia.'' He added: ''Time is working against us.''
The federal Secretary for National Defense, Fleet Adm. Branko Mamula, told the army's party organization in September of efforts by ethnic Albanians to subvert the armed forces. ''Between 1981 and 1987 a total of 216 illegal organizations with 1,435 members of Albanian nationality were discovered in the Yugoslav People's Army,'' he said. Admiral Mamula said ethnic Albanian subversives had been preparing for ''killing officers and soldiers, poisoning food and water, sabotage, breaking into weapons arsenals and stealing arms and ammunition, desertion and causing flagrant nationalist incidents in army units.''
Concerns Over Military
Coming three weeks after the ethnic Albanian draftee, Aziz Kelmendi, had slaughtered his Slavic comrades in the barracks at Paracin, the speech struck fear in thousands of families whose sons were about to start their mandatory year of military service.
Because the Albanians have had a relatively high birth rate, one-quarter of the army's 200,000 conscripts this year are ethnic Albanians. Admiral Mamula suggested that 3,792 were potential human timebombs.
He said the army had ''not been provided with details relevant for assessing their behavior.'' But a number of Belgrade politicians said they doubted the Yugoslav armed forces would be used to intervene in Kosovo as they were to quell violent rioting in 1981 in Pristina. They reason that the army leadership is extremely reluctant to become involved in what is, in the first place, a political issue.
Ethnic Albanians already control almost every phase of life in the autonomous province of Kosovo, including the police, judiciary, civil service, schools and factories. Non-Albanian visitors almost immediately feel the independence - and suspicion - of the ethnic Albanian authorities.
Region's Slavs Lack Strength
While 200,000 Serbs and Montenegrins still live in the province, they are scattered and lack cohesion. In the last seven years, 20,000 of them have fled the province, often leaving behind farmsteads and houses, for the safety of the Slavic north.
Until September, the majority of the Serbian Communist Party leadership pursued a policy of seeking compromise with the Kosovo party hierarchy under its ethnic Albanian leader, Azem Vlasi.
But during a 30-hour session of the Serbian central committee in late September, the Serbian party secretary, Slobodan Milosevic, deposed Dragisa Pavlovic, as head of Belgrade's party organization, the country's largest. Mr. Milosevic accused Mr. Pavlovic of being an appeaser who was soft on Albanian radicals. Mr. Milosevic had courted the Serbian backlash vote with speeches in Kosovo itself calling for ''the policy of the hard hand.''
''We will go up against anti-Socialist forces, even if they call us Stalinists,'' Mr. Milosevic declared recently. That a Yugoslav politician would invite someone to call him a Stalinist even four decades after Tito's epochal break with Stalin, is a measure of the state into which Serbian politics have fallen. For the moment, Mr. Milosevic and his supporters appear to be staking their careers on a strategy of confrontation with the Kosovo ethnic Albanians.
Other Yugoslav politicians have expressed alarm. ''There is no doubt Kosovo is a problem of the whole country, a powder keg on which we all sit,'' said Milan Kucan, head of the Slovenian Communist Party.
Remzi Koljgeci, of the Kosovo party leadership, said in an interview in Pristina that ''relations are cold'' between the ethnic Albanians and Serbs of the province, that there were too many ''people without hope.''
But many of those interviewed agreed it was also a rare opportunity for Yugoslavia to take radical political and economic steps, as Tito did when he broke with the Soviet bloc in 1948.
Efforts are under way to strengthen central authority through amendments to the constitution. The League of Communists is planning an extraordinary party congress before March to address the country's grave problems.
The hope is that something will be done then to exert the rule of law in Kosovo while drawing ethnic Albanians back into Yugoslavia's mainstream.
Copyright 1987 The New York Times Company "And there was practically no retaliatory violence from the Albanians until 1996"
post this article as a topic for its self. It shows it all and much more.
Well, you could do it yourself. I had thought it might have been posted here years ago - but couldn't find it, so go ahead if you wish.
I searched a bit and came up with a FR post about Bob Dole which quotes a bit of an even earlier article by The New York Times July 1982 similar to the 1987 one. (The article says 57,000 Serbs had left in the last decade which would mean from 1972-1982):
Bob Dole and Yugoslavia; "Concurrent Resolution 150" and Other Puzzle PiecesThe New York Times,
Monday, July 12, 1982
Exodus of Serbians Stirs Province in Yugoslavia
"Serbs .... have... been harassed by Albanians and have packed up and left the region.
"The [Albanian] nationalists have a two-point platform, ...first to establish what they call an ethnically clean Albanian republic and then the merger with Albania to form a greater Albania. "
"Some 57,000 Serbs have left Kosovo in the last decade... The exodus of Serbs is admittedly one of the main problems... in Kosovo..."
Hiya. Nice to see you.
Idiotic Balkan mindsets all.
Well, the Jews then have no claim to Israel and the Islamic are the masters of that land, since the Jewish claim is 2,000 years old. Now don't you feel a bit dumb with that statement.....or are you an islamic israeli arab?
We've got another pro-islamic and this one out of Israel: Alter Kaker
Sorry, but I don't base my support for my country on any sort of belief in Eretz Yisrael. The Jews came to Israel because we were chased out of Europe, Russia, and, later, the Arab world.
Wow, so your view is basically supported by might makes right. Because, since that land was occupied, however sparsly and you don't keep any moral justification from the ancient Judea, then you just stole that land, flat and simple. More Jews like you are the reason that the EU supports the absurd Islamic claims that you are just a bunch of colonizing thieves. Talk about playing right upto the Islamics.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


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Showing 1-11 of 11 items found in Sports & Gaming
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Keller's Crossing at Stone Creek
The 18-hole Keller's Crossing at Stone Creek (previously known as Stone Creek Golf Club & Resort) in Makanda, IL is a public golf course that opened in 2000. Designed by Jerry Lemons, Keller's Crossing at Stone Creek measures 6875 yards from the longest tees and has a slope rating of 140 and a 74 USGA rating. The course features 4 sets of tees for different skill levels. The greens are bent grass and the fairways are midlawn bermuda.
We have an 18-hole course with four tee boxes on each hole. No matter your skill level, you'll enjoy our links.
The HUB Recreation Center is a 64,000 sq. ft. building where activities such as swimming, exercising, and playing sports radiate throughout the facility. The first floor includes the following: Lounge area, snack bar, gymnasium, first aid, competition pool, therapy pool, recreation pool featuring a water slide, lazy river, wading pool, party rooms, conference room, youth center, men's locker room, women's locker room, and family locker room, pool viewing area and on-site child watch for members. The second floor includes the following: Three lane running/walking track, cycling room, two group exercise rooms, free weights, elliptical, machine training, treadmills and more. We encourage members and guests to explore the state-of-the-art amenities we offer Southern Illinois and beyond.
This 18-hole course, designed by renowned golf architect Steve Smyers, was named by Travel + Leisure as one of "America's 100 Best Courses for $100 or Less." Kokopelli offers a full-service pro shop, professionals who offer personal golf instruction and an eight-acre practice facility. This course has a restaurant, lounge, and banquet facilities available.
This soccer facility has 10 fields for grades K-12. 4 Fields are large enough for adult games. Bleacher seating available on the 6 larger fields and seats approximately 40 per team. There are 2 large picnic shelters, playground equipment and a concession stand. Parking for 400 is available.
Southern Illinois Miners Rent One Park
The Southern Illinois Miners Rent One Park is the stadium where The Southern Illinois Miners Frontier league baseball team plays from May through September.
Watch Outlaw Micro Sprint, Junior Sprint Cars, Non-Winged Outlaw and Restricted Micros race every Saturday night at 7pm.
Lucy's Place is an upscale neighborhood coffee house / pub located along major intersections where customers can play their favorite video poker and slot games while enjoying a snack with a drink without the crowd and noise of the bar scene.
Southern Illinois Miners Baseball
The Southern Illinois Miners are a professional baseball team based in Marion, IL. The Miners are a member of the East Division of the independent Frontier League. Since 2007, the Miners have played their home games at Rent One Park. The "Miners" name refers to the Southern Illinois region's history of coal mining.
Lucy's Place is an upscale neighborhood coffee house / pub located along major intersections where customers can play their favorite video poker and slot games while enjoying a snack with a drink without the crowd and noise of the bar scene.
Located on the picturesque Ohio River, Harrah's Casino is conveniently located adjacent to the hotel's main lobby, the modern design, single-level casino floor features new slots, table games and a World Series of Poker room. The Casino offers a lounge, three new bars and a live entertainment stage on the property.. Harrah's often offers special stay-and-play packages at its 252-room hotel that's located adjacent to the casino.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Calendar Of Events Outdoors
Written by Miami Today on February 7, 2013
Thursday 2/7
The Crandon Park Visitors and Nature Center offers the Bear Cut Preserve, a 264-acre natural barrier island habitat on the northern tip of Key Biscayne. Guided tours and educational programs are offered year round for all ages — from low tide marine beach and wading tours to bird watching, canoeing, kayaking, snorkeling and bicycling. Visit the center's exhibit room and aquariums with recreated underwater habitats. 9 a.m.-3 p.m. Crandon Park Visitors and Biscayne Nature Center, 6767 Crandon Blvd., Key Biscayne. Details: (305) 361-6767 or www.biscaynenaturecenter.org.
Kayak along the shallow waters of Key Biscayne and explore the protected areas of Bear Cut Preserve with Crandon Park's Kayak and Snorkel Adventure. Discover tropical fish, spotted eagle rays, sea stars and coastal birds. Closed-toe water shoes, water, sunglasses, sunscreen, towel and a wide-brimmed hat are recommended. 9:30 a.m.-1 p.m. Crandon Park, 6767 Crandon Blvd., Key Biscayne. $70 per person. RSVP required. Details: (305) 365-3018 or www.miamidade.gov/ecoadventures.
Friday 2/8
A new Brickell farmers market opens every Friday and Saturday offering organic produce, local honey, fresh baked breads and pastries, orchids, tropical fruit smoothies and more. Peruvian ceviche every Friday and fresh stone crabs every Saturday. 9 a.m.-5 p.m. 1101 S Miami Ave., Miami. Free. Details: (305) 775-2166.
Crandon Park's Key Biscayne Bike Adventure explores Key Biscayne as you bike along the streets and paths of the historic barrier island. This tour highlights Crandon Park's Bear Cut Preserve, the Crandon Gardens — site of the former Crandon Zoo — and the Village of Key Biscayne. 1:30-4 p.m. Crandon Park, 6767 Crandon Blvd., Key Biscayne. $28 per person. RSVP required. Details: (305) 365-3018 or www.miamidade.gov/ecoadventures.


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UFa Frenzy Live Chat
Kent Wilson
July 01 2011 09:53AM
The chat is scheduled to start at 12pm MST today, but I can convinced to start things sooner if anything major breaks. Come by and marvel at the insanity.
Sounds like Wis, D'Agostine, and Kennedy all off the market.
@Kent Wilson
Rumor only at this point. He may have agreed to terms with the Blues just prior to 12.
@Kent Wilson
If we are going after someone with injury risk I would prefer Conolly. I think Gagne will stay in the East.
Fan960 reporting (unconfirmed) that Greene re-ups in NJ. Not much left for young D-men. Babchuk might get a pay day.
Scary to realize we've been assessing the flames backend with the assumption that Pardy and Babchuk were here, and it looks even thinner without them. And scarier to realize that if we do have them, we were the highest bidder for babchuck. Yuck.
Babchuk is going to get a disgusting payday.
1. Gio/JBou 2. Sarich/Butler 3.Brodie/Carson
With the first pick in the 2012 NHL Entry Draft. The Calgary Flames select Nail Yakupov.
Feaster has to get in the Jan Hejda sweepstakes.
Edmonton went out of its way to keep Souray away from its young players then they sign Ben "The Psycho from San Jose" Eager. I think Tambellini was trying to sign the Ben Eager from Chicago.
Pardy goes to Dallas...$2M per season. Good for him.
Wow. Just wow.
So Hejda's going to get at least $4M then. All of a sudden, regher's contract looks like extremely good value and shouldn't have been dumped.
Wow. Shocked to see Pardy get $2M. Perhaps Dallas knows something that we don't? I won't stay up late at night worrying about that.
And we just signed Butler. 2 years at 1.25 per
Butler @ $1.25M/year seems like much better value than Pardy @ $2M/year.
Man, I just can't wrap my head around that Pardy signing.
I concur. Dude just got a $1.1M raise... for being injured most of the season?
Wow! Pardy, Jovo, Hejda, Erickson(Det)to name a few, does anyone else not think a team like Detroit who has cap space, needed a top 4 dman would not have given us a 1st rounder for Regehr & perhaps a player like Hagman & we accomplish the same cap space? Man did we get hosed. Lets pass on these outrageously priced UFA's & Feaster, get on the phone to Colorado, I think they are losing their minds. Go get Statsny!!!!!
Too bad we lost Pardy, we could be on the verge of losing Babs. The Flames should get another solid blueliner.
Counting on Butler is a very risky proposition.
Flames are now making a presentation to Brad Richards. Wow.
Looks like Fleischmann to FLA as well, 4 years @ $18M ($4.5M per).
July 01 2011, 03:17PM
Flames are now making a presentation to Brad Richards. Wow.
Somewhat interesting, but it would've been a lot more interesting if Regehr was still around.
Belanger hooks up with EDM now, decent signing for them. Kobasuck signs in COL. Still waiting for Hordichuk's "payback", haha.


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Paris Hilton Karen Pump
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Perfect fit, gorgeous shoe
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Nike Ruckus Low 2 Boys Youth Skate Shoe
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"I ordered these for my 9 year old and he absolutely loves them! They are sporty but have a skater vibe which is just his style."
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© Davidâ Lefranc/Corbis
Sure, you may be the King of Pop's biggest fan, but do you know the words to all his songs? Don't stop till you get enough — right answers, that is. See how good you are at matching the lyrics to the Michael Jackson song by taking this quiz!
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0 out of 30
Question 1 of 30
"Don't you know now is the perfect time/We can make it right, hit the city lights/Then tonight ease the lovin' pain/Let me take you to the max!"
"I Can't Help It"
"Human Nature"
"P.Y.T. (Pretty Young Thing)"
"P.Y.T. (Pretty Young Thing)," from Jackson's "Thriller" album, features both Janet and LaToya Jackson on backup vocals.
Question 2 of 30
"She seemed sincere like it was love and true romance/And now she's out to get me/And I just can't take it/Just can't break it"
"Little Susie"
"Blood on the Dance Floor"
Written by Jackson and producer and musician Teddy Riley in 1991, the New Jack Swing/rhythm and blues-styled "Blood on the Dance Floor" wasn't released until 1997.
Question 3 of 30
"If you want to make the world a better place/Take a look at yourself, and then make a change"
"Baby Be Mine"
"Man in the Mirror"
"Man in the Mirror" was one of just two songs on the "Bad" album that Jackson didn't write himself. The song was written by Siedah Garrett and Glen Ballard, and Garrett also sang backup vocals on the track.
"Heal the World"
Question 4 of 30
"So tonight gotta leave that nine to five upon the shelf/And just enjoy yourself/Groove, let the madness in the music get to you/Life ain't so bad at all"
"Off the Wall"
Jackson performed the danceable "Off the Wall," the title song from his fifth album, in five of his concert world tours.
"In the Closet"
"Working Day and Night"
Question 5 of 30
"Don't you come walkin' beggin'/I ain't lovin' you/Don't you get in my way"
"Leave Me Alone"
The elaborate video for the song "Leave Me Alone" won a Grammy for Best Short Form Music Video in 1990. It's also a part of Jackson's 1998 film "Moonwalker."
"The Girl Is Mine"
Question 6 of 30
"They print my message in the Saturday Sun/I had to tell them I ain't second to none/And I told about equality and it's true/Either you're wrong or you're right"
"Wanna Be Startin' Somethin'"
"Beat It"
"Black or White"
Featuring Guns N' Roses guitarist Slash, "Black or White" matched "Billie Jean" at seven weeks at the top of the charts. The song's video remains memorable for its pioneering use of morphing technology.
Question 7 of 30
"People always told me be careful of what you do/And don't go around breaking young girls' hearts/And mother always told me be careful of who you love/And be careful of what you do 'cause the lie becomes the truth"
"Dirty Diana"
"Billie Jean"
According to Jackson, "Billie Jean" is based on the groupies who used to hang around Jackson and his brothers when they were in The Jackson 5.
"Little Susie"
Question 8 of 30
"Girl, I know that this is love/I felt the magic all in the air/And girl, I'll never get enough/That's why I always have to have you here"
"Never Can Say Goodbye"
"Just Good Friends"
"You Rock My World"
From the album "Invincible," "You Rock My World" was Jackson's last top 10 hit before his death in 2009. The song was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2002 in the Best Male Pop Vocal Performance category.
Question 9 of 30
"You have to show them that you're really not scared/You're playin' with your life, this ain't no truth or dare/They'll kick you, then they beat you/Then they'll tell you it's fair"
"Beat It"
"Beat It" won two Grammy Awards in 1984. By 1989 it had gone platinum and secured "Thriller" as the best-selling album in the world.
"Off the Wall"
Question 10 of 30
"I hear your voice now/You are my choice now/The love you bring"
"This Time Around"
"I Just Can't Stop Loving You"
Jackson sang this love song from "Bad" as a duet with singer Siedah Garrett, who also co-wrote "Man in the Mirror."
Question 11 of 30
"You never said goodbye/Someone tell me why/Did you have to go/And leave my world so cold?"
"She's Out of My Life"
"Never Can Say Goodbye"
"You Are Not Alone"
Released in 1995 on Jackson's album "HIStory," "You Are Not Alone" was his last No. 1 hit and the 13th of his solo career, the most by any male artist in Billboard's chart history.
Question 12 of 30
"Teacher's gonna show you/How to get an 'A,' spell me, you, add the two/Listen to me baby, that's all you gotta do"
"ABC" became The Jackson 5's second No. 1 Billboard hit, knocking out The Beatles' "Let It Be."
"I Want You Back"
"Dancing Machine"
Question 13 of 30
"You hear the door slam and realize there's nowhere/Left to run/You feel the cold hand and wonder if you'll ever see/The sun"
"Beat It"
"Smooth Criminal"
The music video for "Thriller" is considered the most famous music video of all time. It was added to the Library of Congress National Film Registry in 2009, the first music video in the registry.
Question 14 of 30
"Well they say the sky's the limit/And to me that's really true/But my friend you have seen nothin'/Just wait 'til I get through"
The second single released from Jackson's "Bad" album, the song was inspired by a true story about a boy who went off to a private boarding school and was murdered out of jealousy when he returned home.
"Give In to Me"
Question 15 of 30
"All I got to say is/That I must be dreaming, can't be real/You're not here with me/Still, I can feel you near me"
The ballad "Butterflies" from Jackson's album "Invincible" was written by English Neo-Soul duo Marsha Ambrosius and Natalie Stewart.
Question 16 of 30
"Go, go, go where you want/But don't leave me here forever/You, you, you stay away/So long girl, I see you never"
"The Girl Is Mine"
"Say, Say, Say"
Written by Michael Jackson and Paul McCartney, "Say, Say, Say" was the duo's second song together. The first was "The Girl Is Mine" from Jackson's "Thriller" album.
"She's Out of My Life"
Question 17 of 30
"Annie are you ok?/Will you tell us that you're ok?"
"Leave Me Alone"
"Beat It"
"Smooth Criminal"
"Smooth Criminal" is another song by Jackson whose popularity was tied to its memorable music video. "Smooth Criminal" was the centerpiece of Jackson's theatrical film "Moonwalker," which starred actor Joe Pesci.
Question 18 of 30
"I took my baby to the doctor/With a fever, but nothing he found/By the time this hit the street/They said she had a breakdown"
"Wanna Be Startin' Somethin'"
Many of the lyrics to the post-disco/funk song "Wanna Be Startin' Somethin'" pertain to media attention as well as gossip, which became a recurring theme throughout Jackson's songs.
"Working Day and Night"
"Get on the Floor"
Question 19 of 30
"Stop pressurin' me/Just stop pressurin' me/Stop pressurin' me/Make me wanna scream"
"Scream" was Jackson's first duet with his sister Janet Jackson. The song is an effort to retaliate against the media's obsession with his personal life and resulted in a memorable video.
Question 20 of 30
"You gotta feel that heat/And we can ride the boogie/Share that beat of love"
"The Lady in My Life"
"Human Nature"
"Rock With You"
"Rock With You" was Jackson's third No. 1 hit, and it spent four weeks in the Billboard Hot 100 top slot. The track ranked at No. 4 on Billboard's top Hot 100 songs of 1980, helping Jackson earn a Top Singles Artist honor that year.
Question 21 of 30
"I feel your fever/From miles around/I'll pick you up in my car/And we'll paint the town"
"The Way You Make Me Feel"
"The Way You Make Me Feel" was the third No. 1 song off Jackson's "Bad" album and was performed by Jackson at the 1998 Grammy Awards.
"Blame it on the Boogie"
"You Rock My World"
Question 22 of 30
"I used to say 'I' and 'me'/Now it's 'us,' now it's 'we'"
"What Goes Around Comes Around"
"Rockin' Robin"
"Ben" was Jackson's first No. 1 Hot 100 single as a solo artist. The song is a love song to a trained rat and was the title track to the 1972 horror movie of the same name.
Question 23 of 30
"She likes the boys in the band/She knows when they come to town/Every musician's fan/After the curtain comes down"
"Behind the Mask"
"Dirty Diana"
"Dirty Diana," an R&B/rock tune about a groupie gone wrong, became the "Bad" album's fifth No. 1 song on the Hot 100 in 1988. With the song's success, Jackson set a record that stands for most Hot 100 No. 1s (five) from one album by a male artist. Katy Perry tied Jackson with her album "Teenage Dream" in 2011.
Question 24 of 30
"Oh baby, give me one more chance/(Show you that I love you)/Won't you please let me/Back in your heart"
"I Want You Back"
During the week of Nov. 15, 1969, The Jackson 5 entered the Billboard chart for the first time at No. 90 with "I Want You Back." Michael Jackson was 11 years old when the song was recorded.
"Rockin' Robin"
Question 25 of 30
"Get me out into the nighttime/Four walls won't hold me tonight/If this town is just an apple/Then let me take a bite"
"Human Nature"
"Human Nature" was written by Steve Porcaro, keyboardist with the band Toto. The song was featured in the film "Free Willy" alongside "Will You Be There."
"Heal the World"
"Greatest Show on Earth"
Question 26 of 30
"Lift me/Lift me up slowly/Carry me boldly/Show me you care"
"Will You Be There"
This gospel-tinged track was truly a "whale" of a hit for Jackson: "Will You Be There" was the theme song to the film "Free Willy" and also won the MTV Movie Award for Best Song in a Movie in 1994.
"Another Part of Me"
Question 27 of 30
"Do you remember/When we fell in love/We were so young and innocent then"
"Loving You"
"In the Closet"
"Remember the Time"
"Remember the Time" is from Jackson's eighth studio album, "Dangerous." It has a star-studded, Egypt-themed music video featuring celebrities Magic Johnson, Eddie Murphy and the supermodel Iman.
Question 28 of 30
"Damned indecision and cursed pride/Kept my love for her locked deep inside/And it cuts like a knife"
"This Time Around"
"She's Out of My Life"
"She's Out of My Life" is a departure from the many danceable songs on "Off the Wall." Jackson is crying at the song's end.
"Ease on Down the Road"
Question 29 of 30
"I'm melting/Like hot candle wax/Sensation/Lovely where we're at"
"Love Never Felt So Good"
"Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough"
"Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough" was the first solo track Jackson wrote from the "Off the Wall" album, establishing his talent as both a singer and songwriter. It was also one of the first songs to feature Jackson's trademark falsetto voice, vocal hiccups and yelps.
"Why You Wanna Trip On Me"
Question 30 of 30
"Every time I think I've had enough/And start heading for the door/There's a very strange vibration/Piercing me right through the core"
"A Place With No Name"
"Shake Your Body (Down to the Ground)"
"Never Can Say Goodbye"
It may be hard to believe, but Jackson was only 12 years old when The Jackson 5 recorded the romantic hit "Never Can Say Goodbye."


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|Posted by hj on March 29, 2004 at 16:40:01:
|In response to Re: How do you adjust a toilet flapper w/float?
If you remove it you will not get any flush at all. The lower it is on the chain the longer the flush will be. I usually throw them away and use a conventional flapper without the float.
: I have a Kohler 1.6 toilet which had phantom flush, so I got a new flapper which has a little float on the chain and clipped it on. The toilet no longer leaks, but when you flush, the flapper only opens for a second and then clamps down very quickly with a jerking motion. I gather you can adjust the float on the chain, but my question is "HOW?". Do I make it put the float higher or lower on the chain--or should I just remove the float entirely? I have spent two days trying to find out what was wrong and to get the right part--and I am sooooooo frustrated! Thanks!
|Replies to this post


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I have been watching the thread on "middle" (μέση) and "passive" (παθητική) and am happy with its general direction.
What remains for Greek teachers and classes to do is to choose the best διάθεσις (disposition, perspective, "voice") for each common verb.
For example, in compound verbs with -στῆναι/-ίστασθαι 'stand-+', the eta-aorist/middle is the correct common verb.
Like ἀνίστασθαι 'to be standing up'.
The uncompounded verb is 'temporally suppletive' and tricky: στῆναι 'to stand' and ἑστάναι 'to be standing'.
The point in the above is that στῆσαι ἱστάναι (ἵστημι) will probably not be the first diathesis needed, and should not be the default first presentaton to a student. "set up, place, stand something" is a less frequently used verb. ἔστην ἔστη is more common and useful than ἔστησα ἔστησεν.
Many verbs need to be presented separately.
Depending on the texts to be read, I would suggest that the default presentation of *αιρε should be
ἑλέσθαι 'choose' [etymologically: 'take for oneself'] αἱρεῖσθαι 'be choosing.' Choosing is a common vocabulary item in a learning situation. (As in 'choose the most correct answer.') ἑλέσθαι is more common than 'taking/killing' ἑλεῖν αἱρεῖν.
STudents need to be able to use and to respond to ἑλοῦ and ἕλεσθε directly, immediately, and without "parsing". (Not that they won't be able to "parse" when asked, but "parsing" is not a communicative activity and requires stepping out of the language and into a second-tiered metalinguistic environment.)
Perhaps a little trickier is deciding when and how to introduce the synonym ἐκλέξασθαι ἐκλέγεσθαι 'choose, pick out'. Also, in this case it is the "middle" disposition that should be chosen for presentation.
The main point in all of this is for teachers to reflect on what they actually want to do with some verbs and then present the best διάθεσιν for that verb.
"παῦσαι ποιοῦση ἐκεῖνο/ παῦσαι λαλῶν !" Here, παῦσαι, of course, is a middle and is probably much more practical than the active παῦσον. [Yes, παῦσαι 'imperative middle' and παῦσαι 'infinitive active' are homonyms, but the middle is used with the participle of the activity to stop.] Let the student learn ! παῦσαι ποιῶν ἐκεῖνο ! in context.


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^I'm guessing he turned the air around him into pure appetite.
Aggravate, Anger, and Piss off
Chapter 250
Spoiler!Interesting back story so far, and wow, Frohze looks a lot more beautiful than the fake
Aggravate, Anger, and Piss off
Thats pretty gross that the people back then would feed babies to the pigs and then probably eat those pigs ugh. And Is midora eating Ichiryuu or is he just using his oukibansan to eat the meat off him, then get a big round ball full of Ichiryuu meat as a present in the end? Either way we all knew it was going to end up with someone eating someone else, just never thought it would be these two. And in one of those pics from past midora it looked like he was eating something and it was bleeding all over his mouth, the first thing that came to mind is he was eating some dead guy lol
A pie in the sky?
Chapter 251
Spoiler!The farthest land eh? I'm going to guess Acacia is going to space. Oh and people can be born with Gourmet cells? That's pretty cool, I wonder how that happens?
Aggravate, Anger, and Piss off
Something I just figured. Acacia said he talked to "PAIR" which is his soup correct? I'm guessing his soup might be the tears of a gourmet world creature, who sounds incredibly smart. Also, I think I've figured out who Joa really is. I think Acacia might have used "CENTER" on Frohze, but "CENTER" must have side effects, making her personality,and even inner demon, completely different.
Aggravate, Anger, and Piss off
Chapter 252
Spoiler!8 king beasts eh? I think we know 3 of them so far Toriko, Sani, and Coco's pets, maybe even Zebra's. An looks like we might be seeing a really big Devil Orochi in the future. I have wondered for a while why it was put on par with the battle wolf, guess only the biggest one is.
And the Blue Nitro have come with PAIR? this is interesting. So Blue is the strongest? cool.
Aggravate, Anger, and Piss off


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Hi frosty and angelpugs
Hi frosty and angelpugs
I'm Dreaming of a White Christmas
good afternoon everyone...hope yeah all are having a good day so far
Good afternoon
When it seems the magic slipped away...
We find it all again on Christmas Day.
*Seeing isn't believing.Believing is seeing.*
hello everyone...
Hi friends!
I'm Dreaming of a White Christmas
good evening everyone...see you all tomorrow
good morning everyone....have a great day ahead guys


text:
Thank you for attending this year's rally.
The food. The music. The bikes. The riding. These are just a few of the things that went into making our H.O.G.® Rally such a hit. The most important was the people who attended. In other words, we couldn't have done it without you.
Please check back soon for


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Word of the Day, Website of the Day, Number to Know, This Day in History, Today's Featured Birthday and Daily Quote.
Morning Minutes: March 26
Word of the Day
Bellicose BEL-i-kohs (adjective) Inclined or eager to fight; aggressively hostile - dictionary.com
Website of the Day
Gallery: The World's Biggest Foods
See some of the biggest food from around the world, including a 42-inch pizza and a 268-pound watermelon.
Number to Know
1,200: Weight in pounds of a hunk of cheese Thomas Jefferson was sent by a group of Baptist women to show their gratitude for his support of religious tolerance.
This Day in History
March 26, 1804: President Thomas Jefferson is presented with a "mammoth" loaf of bread to go along with his large gift cheese. "Mammoth-sized" food itmes were a popular trend, as the public believed they showcased the U.S.'s superior national resources.
Today's Featured Birthday
Singer Diana Ross (69)
Daily Quote
"If there is no struggle, there is no progress." - Frederick Douglass
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Location, ST | website.com


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The Bauer Supreme S190 Ice Hockey Skate is your most traditionally built, pro-level skate in the new Supreme Line. The S190 features Bauer's premier Titanium Curv Composite boot, a full composite outsole, a pro-spec'd tongue and Bauer's pro-preferred LS3 Steel.
The Bauer Supreme S180 Ice Hockey Skate delivers elite-level performance without breaking the bank. The S180 debuts the featherlight Curv Composite quarter package, also found on the 1S, which provides elite-level stiffness and responsiveness. The quarter was designed to be as anatomically correct as possible, meaning it hugs the foot like a glove even before they are heat molded.
The Bauer Supreme S170 Ice Hockey Skates are a feature-filled, mid-price point skate that offers plenty of performance for the intermediate to advanced level player. The Bauer S170 skate has a 3D-lasted boot, made of lightweight Tech Mesh for proper support and stability. The heat-moldable core provides an already anatomically-correct fit out of the box and feels like a custom fitted boot after they have been baked.
The Bauer Supreme S160 Ice Hockey Skate is the first performance-level model in the Supreme Line. The Bauer S160 is the first skate to debut the most popular holder in the NHL, the Tuuk LightSpeed Edge. Although it is 3mm taller that traditional holders for an aggressive angle of attack, it also has a quick release trigger that allows broken or damaged steel to be swapped out in seconds.
The Limited Edition Bauer Supreme S160 Skates boasts a black tongue, a blacked out quarter package and a black felt tongue to a dark, sleek look instead of bright yellow accents that the standard S160 features. Aside from the cosmetic changes, the S160 LE skate utilizes the same tech and specs including the NHL's most popular Edge Holder that allows players to swap out steel in seconds.
The Bauer Supreme S150 Ice Hockey Skates are a solid choice for the beginner who's looking for quality features in an entry-level model. Even though the Super Stainless steel is non-removable, the Supreme S150 skates are built with a more protective two-piece tongue and a 3D True Form Tech PU quarter package that's heat moldable. Internally, the S150 features a hydrophobic liner that keeps a player's foot dry and comfortable.
The Bauer Supreme S140 Ice Hockey Skate is the entry-level model in the next generation Supreme Line. Bauer built the S140 skate with a forgiving Premium Nylon Quarter package which is ideal for the casual or new-to-hockey player. The tongue features a 30 oz., one-piece construction and a LightSpeed Pro Holder that look like what the pro's wear.


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Top Definition
Hip Hop artist from the DMV born and raised in the District of Columbia 90's baby!!!
Can be heard at: www.reverbnation.com/tekneekz
Can be heard at: www.reverbnation.com/tekneekz
Did you see Tekneekz perform at Pure Lounge the other night??? His performance was AMAZING!!!!
by Tekneekz B. Rodgers October 10, 2013
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It's a happy belated St. Patrick's Day at the White House on Tuesday.
President Obama celebrates Irish culture and makes final preparations for his Israel trip during a busy day.
First, Obama welcomes Ireland Prime Minister Enda Kenny to the White House, the annual visit from the Irish leader at this time of year.
Obama and Kenny later attend the annual St. Patrick's Day lunch at the U.S. Capitol. Obama makes remarks at the event.
Late this afternoon, the president and first lady Michelle Obama host a St. Patrick's Day reception in the East Room at the White House.
Tonight, Obama boards Air Force One for the start of his trip to Israel, Jordan, and the West Bank; the president lands in Tel Aviv early Wednesday.