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The Flames Fifteen: #10 - Bill Arnold
May 10 2012 11:26AM
Is there a more boring name than "Bill Arnold" in professional hockey? Hard to say, but probably not.
Is there a more underrated (and unknown) Flames prospect than Bill Arnold? Again, probably not - and that's definitely a good thing
The six foot, 210 lb. center from Needham, Massachusetts will never be mistaken for his teammate and fellow draft prospect Johnny Gaudreau. He's a decent size and likes to use his body when he can. But don't take that to mean he's a 4th line energy player. Arnold brings plenty of other qualities.
The Goods
Drafted in the 4th round in 2010, Arnold was a US National U-18 standout, though hardly a household name. He scored 8-15-23 in 26 GP. That was his only season there before plowing into the NCAA's Hockey East Conference with Boston College. It's not a number that wows, but Arnold scored 10-10-20 in 39 GP as a freshman for BC, which becomes significantly more impressive when you realize BC is a defense first team, and Arnold was centering the shutdown line.
Arnold is the prototypical Darryl Sutter draft pick: not the most "skilled"- but he skates hard, hits hard, works hard, and knows where he's supposed to be on the ice. To that end, he easily projected to a fourth liner after his freshman year, but his sophomore season took everyone by surprise. With 36 points in 42 games as the second line center (and not playing with leading score and first rounder Chris Kreider), Arnold tapped into an unexpected offensive well.
|Arik (Not Counted)
|Bill Arnold
*Reminder - The evaluators were asked to rank players, and we sorted the rankings via a simple point scale-number 15 on each list got one point, while number 1 on each list got 15. The criteria for who was included was pretty simple: players the Flames control who are 23 and under (excluding Mikael Backlund, since he's already a bona fide NHLer).
While #24 has good defensive and two-way instincts, he's not a perfect player. His offense isn't created by an exceptional vision or silky hands it's mostly through playing an incredibly solid defensive game that leads to breakout opportunities for his more offensive minded teammates. His skating is another area lacking and although his initial stride has improved in his time at BC, but it's still a bit ungainly.
Having seen Arnold play more than a few times, he comes across as a player who'll never be an NHL All-Star, but certainly has the potential to be a quality two-way center. To see the dedication he has to defence as a NCAA sophmore is fascinating and rare. If anything will put him in the NHL, it's that.
With two more years in the NCAA (most likely), Bill Arnold will have plenty of time to refine his offensive instincts for the pro game under Jerry York and work on his skating with Assistant Coach Greg Brown.
The List
|Arik (NC)
|Final Rank
|Bill Arnold
|Greg Nemisz
|Paul Byron
|John Ramage
|Chris Breen
|Tyler Wotherspoon
It excites me seeing how many good two way centers are coming through the ranks. Ie Backlund, Reinhart, Arnold. I believe this is a good recipe for success having a team that has centerman strong in both ends of the ice with some scoring wingers. Such as any of the teams still remaining in the post season! We have a few of those as well. The team may have a lack of elite talent outside of Sven but I have a feeling in 3-4 years from now this team could be a balanced effective team.
May 10 2012, 12:00PM
Seems to me there could be a bottle-neck on the Flames roster in the next few years at the centre ice position - bottom 3 lines & particularly on the 3rd & 4th lines.
To me it seems we have a number of guys that are currently projecting to fill that role (Horak, Reinhart, Backlund, Jones, Arnold, Byron, etc.) Am I missing anyone - besides Stajan (he will not be here in a couple of years)? This isn't to say all of these guys make the show, but most have a realistic chance.
It seems we keep adding centreman (ie Jokinen, Cervanka & the prospects above)in hopes of finding that #1 line centre, but what we seem to constantly end up with is 2nd to 4th line centres.
I think the Flames should stop drafting centremen late in the draft & focus on finding that #1 centre which is likely only to be found through trade or a high 1st round pick. Focus on D & wingers these next draft.
They have tiers of guys, though. You've got Backlund and Reinhart who I'd call the upper tier (good bets to be effective 2nd line centres, possibly 1st liners), then the rest; Jones is pretty much established as a bottom 6 centre at this stage (decently effective at it), Byron is barely replacement level, and we don't know what Arnold will do. It's not enough to create a logjam, because Jones and Byron are both pretty expendable at this stage and Arnold is at least two years out from his debut in all likelihood.
With the way the team is going, the Flames are all but guaranteed a fairly high first round pick in the near future as it is, anyway.
May 10 2012, 03:36PM
I still see Backlund as a career #3 centre, and if that's the case, he's expendable. Hope I'm wrong... But I know he's on the list.
As for the rest:
Reinhart's a keeper.
Horak's a #3 centre. Good two-way guy, with offencive potential with the right linemates. But he doesn't blow anyone away.
Byron won't be a centre here with this log-jam. My feeling he's a career AHL player. I'd write him off the list...
Jones is a bottom 6 mucker. He has speed and size. We need size, and I get this sneaky suspicion a good teacher/mentor (example - Troy Ward) might be able to get some offencive potential out of Jones. He's young. Keep him on the list... He's the type of player who can really fill a lower-6 role effectively. Or so it seems (ditto Bouma, technically another centre, but hopefully a long-time 4th line mucker here)
Arnold - I like thes write up and this kids potential. He'd be a perfect player for a coach like Ward to develop. Defencive skills like Arnold's, if properly prepared, are an asset. He's got some meat on his bones, as well.
Nemisz - One thing I like about Nemisz is his size. If he could get to Arnold's weight, he might be able to give Jones a run as a 4th line centre, with better hands. I see him as nothing more than that. If he and Reinhart can develop some chemistry on the farm next season, he might have a shot here. A guy like Arnold could make Nemisz obsolete. Time will tell. I'm not convinced Nemisz is higher on the list than Ben Walter sometimes. Or Byron. But he has to stay on the list for on more season. (Question: why has Ben Walter never been able to make the leap? Will he get a look next season??)
Cervenka - Won't know until mid-season next year. If he's able to transition to a #2 centre... Great.
And the more you look at these lists above... The more it makes me feel Troy Ward might be the right guy at the right time to develop this group for the future.
(Afterthoughts: If we could play Sven w/a centre like Statsny... Can you imagine?? Can you imagine if Gaudreau is for real, can play in the NHL, and is slotted with a hulking, playmaking centre w/speed and hands?!)
May 10 2012, 03:41PM
@ SmellofVictory
Fair enough & it's probably not a bad thing to have all that depth at the C position, however I am frustrated that for all these years we haven't been able to land a legit #1 line centre. I just hope there is more to the plan of finding this player than throwing crap at the wall & seeing what sticks (with no offense intended to any of our current centremen).
Even if it meant trading up at the draft to get this type of player, or making sure a #1 centreman comes back in trading involving either Iggy or Kipper.
New mantra for the Flames going forward...
'Quality over Quantity'
We have filled the organization with bottom six forwards / bottom 2-3 d men. While some of these guys may actually play in the NHL, (which based on our draft / scouting record is a plus) we have a deficient in 'quality' high end prospects in all areas.
For years the Flames have traded down at the draft, lets try trading up... give up those lower round picks to move up in the first or second rounds.... add fewer 'higher' quality guys. Signing / trading for bottom level talent is never a problem.
May 10 2012, 05:00PM
Unfortunately, the team has had neither quality nor quantity at the draft for years. Flames have had the fewest amount of top-60 picks going for awhile now. That trend doesn't change this year - they have only one pick in the first three rounds (14th overall).
Invisible is a good name for WI, as he either never picked anything, or he's got an a really interesting take on the top 15.
Arnold fits in right where I figured he would, I doubt he ever cracks the top 3 or top 6 of an NHL team, but with his size and if he figures his skating out, he could be a better greg Nemisz and sit on a third line or something.
It's great to have a nice asset like Arnold that is a center with big size, if his skating improves, those types of players just don't grow on trees.
May 10 2012, 06:39PM
Unfortunately, the team has had neither quality nor quantity at the draft for years. Flames have had the fewest amount of top-60 picks going for awhile now. That trend doesn't change this year - they have only one pick in the first three rounds (14th overall).
Where's our 3rd?
I've thought Arnold is a criminally underrated prospect for a while now. This season, I've had him ranked as high as 4th in the system (though that was right after the WJC, and I was still completely enamored with the fact that he was pretty much the only impressive forward on that team).
Joel Otto 2.0
Big and strong on the draws, wins board battles, doesn't inhibit linemates offense.
I think Arnold is top 5 in the Flames system.
May 10 2012, 09:49PM
I forget where it went at this point. But it's gone.
May 10 2012, 10:17PM
Right you are. Disregard my previous comment.
May 10 2012, 10:22PM
The Flames currently have no second rounder this year or next. They have their thirds.
My list
1. Baertschi 2. Brodie 3. Reinhart 4. Gaudreau 5. Irving 6. Granlund 7. Ferland 8. Leach 9. Brossoit 10. Howse 11. Horak 12. Nemisz 13. Arnold 14. Bouma 15. Byron
As for the 3rd we still have it. We pick every round except the 2nd which we traded to the Sabres in the Regehr trade.
We traded our 5 to the Devils for Leblond (yuck) but recovered a 5 in the Cammalleri deal (of course that cost us a second the following year).
We acquired a second 7-rounder from Toronto way back in 2009 as part of the Primeau deal.
I forget where it went at this point. But it's gone.
Now Kent, I know the Flames drafting used to be bad enough to assume the picks were gone before the draft even happened, but things have gotten better recently haven't they?
BTW, Brossoit had a heck of a game tonight and saved the Oil Kings' bacon in the 2nd period.
Baertschi is outperforming Rattie, from what I have seen, in this series. It could be argued that the two best Flames prospects in the junior position are a winger and goaltender.
Hmmm, a winger and a goaltender...that sounds familiar... almost like they've been in that boat before...
If the Flames can luck out and draft Gaunce, or even Girgensons, this year then they may have the closest thing to a developing first line center that they have had in the last few years. I know they have an abundance of centers in the system right now, but you can move a center to the wing far more easily than a winger to the middle. And as has been noted, many of these prospects would be best served by being slotted in to a 2nd to 3rd line role.
I could easily see the Flames taking Gaunce, but I'd rather see them go for Teravainen. I think Gaunce will go right in the middle of the first round. Girgensons will go mid-late round so I don't think that we'll take him with #14.
May 11 2012, 09:53AM
Bill Arnold is a vanilla name but.....
I knew a guy named Bill Smith, he played offensive line for the Dinos in the late 80's. He met a girl named Mary at University and they got married. Yep Bill and Mary Smith.
As for Arnold being Joel Otto 2.0, he's not that big - Otto was 6'4 maybe 6'5 and Bill is only at 6 feet.
With the development of these similar guys I would not be suprised to see one packaged in a deal (eg with Iggy or Kipper) to bring in higher skill prospects.
Teravainen I have seen ranked as high as 5th overall and as low as 16th, all from fairly reliable prospect resources. His skill set sets him quite high for a scouting service that is willing to overlook his size, others see his size as already creating an impediment to more production at his current level and so are extrapolating that it will become even more so as he moves into better competition.
Gaunce has gone up and down repeatedly. He probably should go in the mid teens of the first round based on skill and his scouting reports, but there may be a run on forwards between picks 6 and 13 because of so many quality defenseman. Scarcity breeds value.
Gaunce, Maatta, Pouliot, Faksa and Girgensons are all names that Feaster could announce at the podium and arguably the Flames could do well with any of them.
May 11 2012, 10:13AM
Baertschi is outperforming Rattie, from what I have seen, in this series. It could be argued that the two best Flames prospects in the junior position are a winger and goaltender.
Bärtschi is outperforming everyone on the ice right now. It is pretty exciting to watch this kid play. It is very interesting to listen to the radio feeds from both Portland and Edmonton about this series.
Portland, and the coaches talk about when Bärtschi returned from his stint with the Flames that he came back a little different. While his work ethic and his level of competitiveness was never questioned, he managed to find another gear after coming back from Calgary.
They said many kids come back dejected because after having a taste of the bigs, but not Sven. He took what he learned up here and used it to his advantage to help Portland and has just been playing like he's possessed ever since. The guys that do Portland's broadcasts say he is just a man amongst boys right now, that can score pretty much whenever he feels like it... And he's still only 19.
In Edmonton they won't chat him up quite as much but they do acknowledge his offensive ability. They said that the Oil Kings have given up on trying to prevent him from scoring, because they know he will. Instead now their focus has been to keep him from scoring when it will hurt the EOK the most. Limit his opportunities and just move on when he does score.
Brossoit has been very, very good and let's face it, he's the reason Bärtschi hasn't won this series on his own already.
That being said, I'm not sure I agree with your assessment that our two best prospects are a winger and a goalie? While I won't speak as to Sven's credentials because I don't wanna spoil the surprise as to his placing in the top 15 [I know the anticipation is killing everyone], I can't see anyone jumping to the conclusions as to a 19 year old goalie being the next big hope.
The kid is good but definitely will need some more time to showcase his skill and develop his game from the WHL to the AHL and hopefully to the NHL. I'm not prepared to say he's automatically top 2 based on this playoffs.
I know you're skeptical as to the level of talent the Flames have in their prospects, but don't just immediately jump to the Edmonton kid there Rex. ;)
My list-->
1. Baertschi
2. Brodie
3. Reinhart
4. Gaudreau
5. Irving
6. Horak
7. Nemisz
8. Ferland
9. Leach
10. Granlund
11. Brossoit
12. Ramage
13. Arnold
14. Byron
15. Wotherspoon
No worries, I was just having a little joke about the similarities between the two most discussed veterans and two of the most discussed prospects. ;-)
I've watched all the games on Shaw and while I can understand where you are coming from about the Edmonton media and Baertschi, I think you are reading a little too much into it. Honestly the media have been very balanced towards him and have outright said that he is the most talented player in the WHL right now. In the paper, radio, and television there hasn't been a reluctance to discuss him as a player right now or a prospect for the future. The discussion is limited to his involvement in the WHL series.
The Oil Kings haven't said anything about giving up covering him (that would be akin to just giving up entirely) but they have said that they are looking to contain Baertschi and isolate him from his teammates so that if he does get on a roll that it doesn't extend to his linemates. Very similar to what you have noted as well.
Brossoit has made saves when the Oil Kings have absolutely needed him to, and if the goalies were switched this series would have ended in five games.
Brossoit might do well in returning next season and then spending a good stretch of time in the ECHL/AHL. I don't for a second think that he will automatically become the Flames version of Quick or Rinne. It is far too soon. He had a good regular season and has been phenomenal in the playoffs. It is good news, but there are still miles to go.
I'm quite surprised I haven't seen any semi-jesting #BaertschiforCalder tags being thrown around yet.
I am just that, skeptical, about the Flames prospect depth at this time. Not cynical but just keeping in mind that there is a lot yet to be proven.
The Barons have had some decent playoff success thus far and the good indications are that it is stemming from some very good play out of the Oiler prospects in Pitlick, Vande Velde, Lander, Keller, and Paajarvi. They had a quiet regular season and are showing well now. As encouraging as that is, I know that they still have a long way to go and I'm not going to start declaing that Pitlick is our 2nd line center or that Lander will be better than John Madden ever was.
A healthy does of skepticism, yes. But not limited to the Flames prospects.
drafting Gaunce would hardly be lucky. If it was solely based on skill/potential, Gaunce wouldn't go any higher than 20th. He's Mark McNeill, just not as good (though likely better defensively). And I've never liked McNeill.
Names likely to be called by the Flames: Maatta, Aberg, Collberg, Girgensons, outside chance of Pouliot. Right now, though, I'm thinking Girgensons goes to Buffalo for some reason.


text: Main Content Section 400.1 friendly link Printer Friendly THE SOCIAL WELFARE ACT (EXCERPT)Act 280 of 1939400.1 Family independence agency; creation; powers and duties; director, assistants, and employees; rules; successor to juvenile institute commission; other references. Sec. 1. (1) A department of state government is created that shall be known and designated as the family independence agency, and that shall possess the powers granted and perform the duties imposed in this act. The family independence agency shall consist of a director and the assistants and employees appointed or employed in the family independence agency. (2) The family independence agency is responsible for the operation and supervision of the institutions and facilities established within the family independence agency. The institutions and facilities may be operated on a coeducational basis. The family independence agency shall make and enforce its own rules, not inconsistent with the law governing the institutions or facilities under its control, respecting the conduct of the institutions and facilities, discipline in the institutions and facilities, the care of property, and the welfare of the residents. (3) The family independence agency shall be, in all respects, the legal successor to the powers, duties and responsibilities of the juvenile institute commission. (4) A reference in this act to "the state department of social services", "the state department", or "department" means the family independence agency. History: 1939, Act 280, Imd. Eff. June 16, 1939 ;-- Am. 1943, Act 208, Imd. Eff. Apr. 17, 1943 ;-- Am. 1947, Act 224, Imd. Eff. June 17, 1947 ;-- CL 1948, 400.1 ;-- Am. 1957, Act 95, Eff. Sept. 27, 1957 ;-- Am. 1972, Act 301, Eff. Jan. 1, 1973 ;-- Am. 1995, Act 223, Eff. Mar. 28, 1996 Compiler's Notes: For transfer of powers and duties of the medical services administration, medical assistance program and state medical program from the department of social services, or the director, to the department of community health, see E.R.O. No. 1996-1, compiled at MCL 330.3101 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.For transfer of powers and duties of adult foster care licensing, adult foster care licensing advisory council, and child welfare licensing from the department of social services to the director of the department of commerce, see E.R.O. No. 1996-1, compiled at MCL 330.3101 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.For renaming family independence agency to department of human services, see E.R.O. No. 2004-4, compiled at MCL 400.226.For transfer of powers and duties of the bureau of family services from the department of consumer and industry services to the family independence agency by Type II transfer, see E.R.O. No. 2003-1, compiled at MCL 445.2011.For transfer of powers and duties of adult foster care licensing advisory council to the family independence agency by Type II transfer, see E.R.O. No. 2003-1, compiled at MCL 445.2011.Popular Name: Act 280Admin Rule: R 400.1 et seq. of the Michigan Administrative Code. © 2015 Legislative Council, State of Michigan

subset: commoncrawl


text:
By PATSY STODDARDEditor
The Emery County Local Emergency Planning Committee meets every other month for training and discussion on becoming more vigilant and prepared for emergencies.
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There was good community feedback from the Grossman training and news and educational articles which were published in the Emery County Progress. The evening session was not well attended, however more than 600 officers attended the day time lecture.
Jerry Livingston, Huntington City representative asked where the neighborhood watch books were. These had been prepared and delivered prior to Judy Lang leaving, but were retrieved in order to make some corrections. They will be corrected and returned to Huntington City.


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text:
Announcing The IJC's Second Edited Collection
Resource-Based Boomtowns: Crime, Fear, and Rural Justice Systems
Critical Perspectives on Green Criminology:
This collection of essays is the first edited collection to be produced by the Internet Journal of Green Criminology (IJC). A rigorous selection process was applied to the collection with all submitted papers subject to anonymous review by at least two academics. Selection of papers followed an open submission process via the websites of the IJC and the International Green Criminology Working Group (IGCWG). As a result, papers were received from across the eco-global criminological spectrum and from scholars in a range of different locations, allowing for a wide range of green thought to be included. The collection thus draws together a range of potentially disparate ideas to provide for engaging discussion of current environmental crime discourse on animal protection (species justice) environmental harm and law enforcement (environmental justice) and socio-political discourse on the interaction between man and nature (ecological justice).
To download any of these peer reviewed, scholarly criminology articles please click on the links below.....
The Strange Case of Ian Stuart Brady and the Mental Health Review Tribunal
Emotive Riot Sentencing Remarks: Qualitative Analysis Of The English Judicial Perspective
Anti-Gypsyism in Sweden: Roma's and Travellers' Experiences of Bias-motivated Crime
Do The Print Media Provide a Gender-Biased Representation of Male Rape Victims?
Debating The Term Cyber-Terrorism: Issues and Problems
The Fear of 'Crime-Media Feedback' Cycle
The Problem of Zombie Cops in Voodoo Criminology: Arresting the Police Patrol 100 Yard Myth
Russian Police and Transition to Democracy: Lessons from One Empirical Study
The Criminological Scale of Affectional Attachment:
Restricting Criminogenic Information: Toward a Balanced Approach to Limiting the First Amendment in Favor of Crime Control
'Not Another Football Hooligan Story'?
Cops and Bloggers: Exploring the Presence of Police Culture on the Web
Tobacco Smoking and Incarceration: Expanding the 'Last Poor Smoker' Thesis
Repainting the Thin Green Line: The Enforcement of UK Wildlife Law
Moving into Social Housing and the Dynamics of Difference: Neighhbours from Hell with Nothing to Lose
Evaluation of the Lexington (Fayette County) Kentucky Juvenile Drug Court Program
Juvenile offending remains a concern in society, whether the concern is real or perceived. Although national data indicate that juvenile
offending rose significantly in the 1980s through the mid-1990s, the rates of offending overall have since leveled off and decreased. According to
Knoll and Sickmund (2010), this pattern is the result of the trends of various offense categories combined. However, one category, drug offenses, remains
persistently high despite a recent decrease in the number of arrests and cases processed in the juvenile courts. The implications for these offenders and
society are many, including academic difficulties, health-related consequences, poor peer and family relationships, mental health issues, violence, and
economic costs.
Social Safety Net or Social Hammock? Applying Deterrence Theory to Reduce the Severity of the Food Stamp Fraud Crisis in America
Due to massive government debt in the U.S., serious attempts are being made to cut budgets, particularly programs that are fraught with waste,
fraud, and abuse. Food stamp fraud, while historically ignored in the U.S., will soon become a target for budget cutting and increased law
enforcement. This crime, as well as the perpetrators who commit it, are compatible with the propositions of deterrence theory. It is argued here
that given the nature of this crime, enhanced sanctions can reduce its frequency and severity. Deterrence theory is outlined and policy implications
are discussed.
Restorative Practices: From The Early Socities To The 1970s
Restorative practices now appeal to the contemporary politician. Policies and practices are being reformed using the paradigm of restorative
justice. However, little research has been done on its historical roots. Many have even claimed that restorative practices do not have a history at
all. Through a review of historical and contemporary sources, this article challenges this claim. The paper provides a brief historical account of
restorative practices stretching from the acephalous societies until the 1970s. Four eras are identified in the fall and rise of restorative justice
through time. A historical debate and further academic research on restorative justice is warranted. The implications of a more informed understanding
of the history of restorative practices are significant for their implementation in contemporary society.
The Evolutional View of the Types of Identity Thefts and Online Frauds in the Era of the Internet
As far back as the early 1990s, the Internet was argued to be a unique medium showing the fastest speed of diffusion in human history
(Nguyen and Alexander, 1996). Today, there are very few people whose lives are not affected beneficially and/or harmfully by the
technology of the Internet era. On the positive side, the ability to share and exchange information instantaneously has provided
unprecedented benefits in the areas of education, commerce, entertainment and social interaction. On the negative side, it has
created increasing opportunities for the commission of crimes – information technology has enabled potential offenders to commit
large-scale crimes with almost no monetary cost and much lesser risk of being caught. Compared to perpetrators of traditional
economic-motivated crimes (e.g., burglaries, larcenies, bank robberies), online fraudsters are relatively free of worry from directly
encountering law enforcement and witnesses.
The authors aim to examine identity theft from an analytic angle with a focus on the expanded versatilities of this contemporary
crime. In the present article, the mechanism of identifying an individual is first discussed, followed by the definition and typology
of identity theft. Elements and methods of identity theft will be deconstructed for classification, and subsequent discussions will
be emphasized on recent variations in online fraud. The study will conclude with the implications of the close relations between
identity theft and the fast growing Internet, and suggestions for improved means of identity protection.
Women, Violence and Gray Zones: Resolving the Paradox of the Female Victim-Perpetrator
This article analyses the conflicting narratives surrounding the case of convicted Canadian offender Karla Homolka. As both a victim
and a perpetrator of violent crime Karla's actions are positioned precariously between activity and passivity. It is precisely because
of this blurring of boundaries - between agency and victimization - that her case has received widespread critical discussion. Despite
attempts to 'recuperate' her narrative (Morrissey, 2003; Thompson and Ricard, 2009), Karla still presents us with a paradox. There is a
need then to unpack the relationship between Karla's victimization (non-agency) and her criminal culpability (agency). This paper will
consider whether or not Primo Levi's (1988) concept of 'gray zones' can resolve this paradox.
Identity and Ideology: The Dialogic Nature of Latrinalia
Graffiti has been an important cultural phenomenon throughout history.
However, research has yet to explore how the characteristics of the medium itself influence the graffiti for which it serves as a
backdrop. One of the most unique mediums in which graffiti regularly appears is public restrooms, which offer potential graffitists
almost complete anonymity. This study analyzed the content and communicative features of 323 graffito in public restrooms and their
relation to the nature of the space and larger socio-cultural values. The results show that no particular ideological paradigm is
predominant among the graffiti. Rather, the anonymity of the medium acts to preserve an ongoing ideological debate where identity is
formed and reframed throughout.
Gaming Subculture, Social Control and Virtual Criminality: An Ethnographic Account
In this study the author uses participant observation to examine the dynamics of formal and informal social control within an online game as they
relate to the
formation and control of deviant and criminal behaviors within this setting. This examination draws theoretically on the concepts of organic and
mechanical solidarities, referencing various examples of social control constructs within the specific online setting, and drawing conclusions regarding
on and offline subcultural structures and deviance more broadly. In the observed setting, a subgroup of players who regularly steal from other players
serve to illustrate a preference for informal social control among deviant actors in virtual settings. Further findings suggest an interaction between
formal and informal social control that results in a dynamic reciprocity between control mechanisms within subcultures both online and offline, and
furthermore that these dynamics are especially important in the formation of deviance. Methodological and Theoretical implications are
discussed, emphasizing the important opportunity for criminology to harness online settings as a site for studying crime and deviance.
From the 'Governance of Security' to 'Governance Failure': Refining the Criminological Agenda
Over the past three decades, an on-going debate has developed around the ways and extent to which the hierarchical, state-led provision of security
and policing has been displaced by a move toward a polycentric, network-oriented mode of governance. This paper, firstly, analytically reconstructs
the debate, suggesting that it is characterised by descriptive concordance, explanatory confluence, and normative dissonance. In other words, the
major area of contention has been around the social and political implications of the State's decentring by a networked provision of security, a
transition that is accepted as having actually taken place. It is argued, secondly, that the debate has neglected to some considerable extent the
inherent functional (as opposed to normative) limitations of networked governance, and that all parties to the debate may have been somewhat precipitous
in accepting that such modes for delivering security can be functionally efficacious. Drawing on social theoretical explorations of 'governance failure', I
identify three distinctive failure tendencies inherent in nodal networks, and evaluate their implications for the wider debate on the future of security
Neighbourhood Influences on Fear of Crime and Victimization in Sweden: A Review of the Crime Survey Literature
Seeking to address neighbourhood characteristics that influence individual outcomes is continuously built into public policy in a
variety of policy areas. If the design of neighbourhood social interventions is informed by empirical knowledge then they may prove
be more cost effective than interventions that target individuals. The adequacy of the evidence to support such interventions is however
the subject of much international debate. This paper examines current criminological 'knowledge' in this area with particular reference to
the accumulated knowledge base in Sweden, which has never before been assessed.
Policing Prostitution in the Early United States: Sexual Equality and Discretionary Inequality
There were few clear rules governing the policing of prostitution in the early United States. Discretion was decisive. Prostitutes
who were poor and black were the most vulnerable to arrest. State and local officials clearly had the authority to police all
commercial sex but generally chose to tolerate it most of the time, and sometimes found themselves defending the property rights
of commercial sex businesses. Although many reformers worked hard to make prostitution a high-priority public issue, neither the
majority of citizens nor the average political official heeded them other than on a periodic basis. Two factors explain the vast
gulf between legal authorization to police prostitution and extremely limited enforcement. One factor involved the male public's
belief that prostitution was morally wrong but was in itself no urgent matter. That was because the ancient idea of male sex-right
persisted into nineteenth-century America. The other factor was that the male officials who staffed the criminal justice systems of
the nation and the states simply refused to police the men who patronized prostitution. Occasionally, they policed the women who
worked in the commercial sex industry. The overall message of nineteenth-century American criminal justice systems was that women and
men were equally responsible for licentiousness, prostitution, and brothels but male officials used their discretion to ensure that
only women were vulnerable to the arrests, prosecution, and punishments for sex crimes.
Moral Panics and the British Media – A Look at Some Contemporary 'Folk Devils'
The term moral panic has been widely adopted both by the mass media and in everyday usage to refer to the exaggerated social
reaction caused by the activities of particular groups and/or individuals. Such activities are invariably seen (at the time at least) as
major social concerns and the media led reaction magnifies and widens the 'panic' surrounding them. This review starts by considering
Stan Cohen's seminal work on and analysis of moral panics – indeed it was his initial research in the early 1970s that popularized
the term itself – and looks at Jock Young's almost contemporaneous study of drug users. More recent studies that have reflected on
and attempted to refine Cohen's work, including Young's revisiting of the notion that moral panics 'translate fantasy into reality', are
highlighted as is the relationship between 'signal crimes' (Innes 2003 and 2004) and moral panics. It then considers some historical
and contemporary examples of moral panics surrounding some quite different activities (and perpetrators of them) – in
particular, garotting in mid-Victorian England, 'hoodies' and paedophilia. The review concludes that there are key elements to
moral panics and that these panics are the result of real events and actual behaviour and cannot be dismissed as myths.
The Role of Social Cognition in the Development of the Criminal Career
Through an exploration of their narratives, this paper examines how social information processing styles among young Maltese
men may fail to protect offenders from pressures to offend and consequently contribute to criminal career progression and
increased commitment to criminality. The paper concludes that social cognitive distortions in the form of crime supportive
attitudes, cognitive processing during the commission of illegal behavior and post offence neutralizations, or 'excuses' for illegal
behavior, have an important role to play in the pursuit of a criminal career. This exploration of the role of interpersonal cognition
throws light on the development of criminality to reveal important avenues for intervention.
Death Row Phenomenon, Death Row Syndrome and their affect on Capital Cases in the US
In relation to the use of solitary confinement with death row inmates, death row phenomenon and death row syndrome are two concepts
which are slowly gaining ground in international circles. Death row phenomenon is used to describe the harmful effects of death row
conditions, including exposure to extended periods of solitary confinement and the mental anxiety that prisoners experience whilst
waiting for their death, whilst death row syndrome is used to describe the consequential psychological illness that can occur as a result
of death row phenomenon. This article looks at the meaning of these two concepts, the ways in which they have begun to enter into
judicial opinion and questions the potential effect they may have on the legality of capital sentences. The article also briefly
considers the legitimacy of these concepts as medical conditions and assesses whether they are instead another example of the
medicalization of morals.
The "Grey Zone" of Political Corruption in Germany
Since the 1990s there has been an ongoing discourse on and increased efforts against corruption. Besides the proliferation of research activities,
governments, public authorities and other institutional actors have been provided with recommendations and policies meant either to confront the
problem head on or to establish rules and counter-measures to curb its further growth. Institutional anticorruption action has at the same time
been assisted by the research and field work of numerous non-governmental organisations.
Inside Parenting Programmes: Case Studies of Family Group Conferencing
A qualitative case study approach was taken to evaluate three areas of early intervention Family Group Conferencing (FGC): the preparation
procedure; the young people's understanding of FGC and finally, the consistency of outcomes. Participants consisted of four families and two
practitioners who had taken part in an inner-city early intervention project. Findings indicated that the preparation procedure contained some
gaps. The children generally appeared to understand why FGC was necessary. The families developed some dependence on the project worker despite
indications that some of the practitioners were more stigmatising of the families than may have been predicted.
Trash Talk: Fee Evasion and Techniques of Neutralization by Older Women in Response to Rising Garbage Collection Fees
Trash and crime are not ordinarily mentioned in the same breath, but rising costs to dispose of rubbish are leading some to engage in criminal
behavior. Costs for rubbish disposal have become much more expensive recently due to many factors, including rising land prices, strict environmental
regulations, and host fees paid to localities to accept landfills. Add to this the current world-wide economic crisis which has left many scrambling
just to make ends meet. This is especially true for older individuals on a fixed income. These individuals, however, are creative economic
actors. Two ways some innovative individuals have found to pare rubbish removal costs are fee avoidance and undesirable diversion. In this
project, older women found ways to cut their household costs by 'sharing' rubbish collection costs with neighbors. Unfortunately, for the actors, this
behavior is a crime. While it is unlikely that the women trash sharers in this study will ever find themselves in prison for fee avoidance or borough
ordinance violations, the increase in this type of economic coping strategy should be of interest to criminologists. As the population ages and inequality
increases, many older females may feel that they must break the law in order to afford basic services. Economic stimulus packages that do not address
the needs of older Americans will only exacerbate the problems of older Americans.
Bullying Boys: An Examination of Hegemonic Masculinity in the Playground
Violence between young men, particularly resulting from the emergence of a so called 'gun and knife culture', is currently subject
to extensive media coverage in UK . Alongside this there has been increased anxiety about both the scale and impact of bullying in
schools. These issues form part of a more generalised concern about men and boys in Britain often referred to as a 'crisis of masculinity'.
This article examines findings from research with male respondents about their relationship with hegemonic masculinity and bullying whilst at
school and makes suggestions as to
what can be done to tackle abusive behaviour amongst boys and young men.
Parent Abuse: Some Reflections on the Adequacy of a Youth Justice Response
This short paper draws on data from a recent study which explored parents' experiences of the youth
justice process, including their own receipt of a Parenting Order as a result of their child's
involvement in offending. Whilst talking about their experiences, both mothers and fathers described
experiences of 'parent abuse' and, drawing on extracts from these accounts, this paper reflects on the
appropriateness of a dominant youth justice policy agenda - realised through the Parenting Order – in
responding to such experiences. In doing so, it questions what alternatives there may be for responding
adequately to 'parent abuse' and suggests that a new conceptualisation of the issue is necessary before
adequate support and resources can be put in place for such parents and their families.
Finding the Far Right Online: An Exploratory Study of White Supremacist Websites
White supremacists and the Far Right political movement in the UK have, had considerable success in spreading their messages through Web sites. Some
of these Web sites clearly contribute to an enabling environment for racially motivated violence in our towns and cities and possibly help to underpin
also the rise of, and support for, the Far Right in the UK and elsewhere in Europe. From a position that acknowledges the enduring issue of white
hegemony in Western societies, this paper provides a number of research-based recommendations for further research and future policy and practice in
tackling white supremacist racial hatred on the Net.
The German Hate Crime Concept:
An Account of the Classification and Registration of Bias-Motivated Offences and the Implementation of the
Hate Crime Model Into Germany's Law Enforcement System
In the United States, hate crime has been on the criminological agenda since the 1980s. In 2001, Germany also made an attempt to
adopt a similar concept as part of a reformed police registration system for so-called 'politically motivated offences', focusing
predominantly on right-wing extremist crime. However, hate crime is a category which is open to selective interpretations and subjective
judgments and to date there are still large empirical deficiencies regarding the identification and classification processes applied
by the German police. High levels of ambiguity, uncertainty and arbitrariness initiate a debate surrounding the validity of official
hate crime statistics in Germany and reveal a large potential for conflict when it comes to the definition and registration of xenophobic
violence and other forms of hate-motivated crime. In this respect, it seems indispensible to carefully evaluate the implementation of the
hate crime concept into Germany's law enforcement system and to analyze current trends and developments, in order to provide valid data on
the qualitative and quantitative nature of hate crime incidents in German society.
Researching White Supremacists Online:
Methodological Concerns of Researching Hate 'Speech'
Researching crime online is a new frontier for criminologists, psychologists and sociologists. This
paper explains and describes a virtual ethnographic study of white supremacists using a method best
described as covert, invisible, non-participatory observation. The paper explains how difficult ethical
issues were addressed in the study and points the way forward for further research in this area.
Mentally Disordered Offenders in Prison: A Tale of Neglect?
The Prison Service's increased emphasis on security and control has generated many obstacles for the effective delivery of psychiatric
care to mentally disordered prisoners. Such prisoners do not have the necessary mental strength or coping mechanisms to deal with the
'prison culture' and this is particularly so for women, young people and ethnic minorities. Conflicting ideologies between the prison
regime and the NHS mean that the mental health services available to prisoners are limited. Therapeutic communities offer a potential
solution to the dire situation the Prison Service finds itself in.
A Period in Custody: Menstruation and the Imprisoned Body
This article, based upon pilot work conducted in a closed women's prison in England, explores women prisoners' own experiences
and accounts of menstruation and the complex role of situation in determining reactions to menstrual symptoms and to menstrual change.
Socialised to see menstruation in negative terms, women prisoners tend to perceive the experience of menstruation in prison as a particularly
uncomfortable intrusion into their lives. It is an imposition which cannot, however, be accommodated in private. Negative expectations and
experiences of menstruation in prison may influence many women prisoners to focus on its associated unpleasant symptoms. Here, imprisonment
may well set up the circumstances in which women come to regard themselves as suffering, which will, in turn, determine whether or not they
help-seek. The findings suggest a high level of menstrual distress in women prisoners and a high rate of use of prison health services for
menstrual complaints. However, there is also evidence to suggest incongruous referral behaviour, a major cause of which seems to be unease or
dissatisfaction with prison health care and, in particular, male doctors.
Neither Scylla Nor Charybdis: Transcending the Criminological Dualism Between Rationality and the Emotions
Recent criminological theory has featured a division between rationality and the emotions as ways of constructing and
understanding the actions of the criminological subject. This dualistic opposition renders it difficult to integrate
reasons and emotions within a single theory of action or explanatory framework. This article proposed to overcome this
dualism by re-theorising the relationship between rationality and emotions. Drawing on the theoretical and philosophical
work of Margaret Archer and Martha Nussbaum, it makes a case for understanding emotions as reasonable (and hence rational)
subjective judgements about objective experiential worlds. In this way, we can proceed by understanding actions as based in
'emotional reasons' and 'reasonable emotions', rather than confining emotions to the realm of the irrational or arational. In
doing so, we overcome the dualism that threatens to undermine the explanatory or interpretive possibilities of criminological theory.
Mixing the Medicine: The unintended consequence of amphetamine control on the Northern Soul Scene
Examining the influences leading to the introduction of amphetamine controls in Britain, this article focuses upon the
consequences of the Drugs (Prevention of Misuse) Act 1964, and subsequent legislation. These laws had a major impact
upon earlier Mod and later Northern Soul Scene subcultures in Britain, because both held amphetamine use as a central
component of their recreational activities.
The paper aims to provide greater understanding of the way criminalisation of amphetamines impacted on a user
subculture that developed prior to criminalisation. While the 1964 Act effectively restricted supplies of amphetamines
from the grey market, its failure to reduce demand created the market conditions for illicitly manufactured amphetamines.
The changed legal setting also provided subcultural justification for the burglary of retail pharmacies which began soon after
criminalisation. The response of the authorities to increased burglary of pharmacies had a particularly damaging impact on the
amphetamine user culture of the post-mod Northern Soul Scene in the mid-1970s. The introduction of tighter storage regulations,
stipulating the need to store Class B drugs in a secure metal cabinet with the opiates, led to a new cultural exchange between
the amphetamine using chemist burglars and opiate user groups that involved the sale of the unwanted class A drugs, including exchanging
opiates for amphetamine powder. The resulting spread of intravenous drug use on the Northern Scene, introduced a number of negative
health impacts including the spread of hepatitis and drug related deaths.
Ex-offenders, Social Ties and the Routes Into Employment
Although the role that employment plays in reducing re-offending has been widely acknowledged,
less work has been done to explain why this should be the case. To begin to address this knowledge
gap, this article focuses upon the various ways that ex-offenders benefit from employment opportunities,
some of the specific difficulties they face in finding employment and how some manage to overcome them
legitimately or else employ other adaptive strategies. Based on in-depth research with a sample of 12
ex-offenders, the research reveals the precise importance of the role of social relationships in securing
and maintaining employment for ex-offenders. Importantly, the key role of social ties in the labour market –
for those who have them – highlights the extent to which those leaving prison lack both the relevant vocational
training and experience of the application process to compete effectively within a labour market that is already set heavily against them.
Ethnic Minority Representation on Juries – A Missed Opportunity
People from ethnic minority groups (non-white) generally do not have confidence in the jury system.
This is because they are not, or do not consider that they are, reasonably represented. Their lack of
participation in this part of the criminal justice system means that such groups do not perceive that
justice is done as far as they are concerned. This has implications for the belief that the right to a
fair trial under article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights is maintained in the courts. The
question of lack of representation of ethnic minority groups in individual jury trials is one that has been
raised in a number of common law jurisdictions the USA and in cases before the European Court of Human Rights.
But there is also a persistent failure to address the question of institutional racism as a process by which people
from ethnic minority groups are excluded from the jury system in general. This is of great importance in the
current context of racial discrimination, its link with the Trans Atlantic slave trade and the issue of reparations.
The refusal to deal with institutional racism as a process of exclusion indicates a lack of understanding of how
discrimination permeates justice systems. This is compounded by the fact that - in aiming to attain justice in
individual cases of racial bias in juries - English courts, the government and its commissions have paid scant
attention to the inclusion of ethnic minority peoples as jurors as a matter of course. Rather, the focus on
inclusion issues has often been construed as a matter of race. This lacuna indicates that there is little grasp
of the extent to which institutional racism plays a role in the process of excluding ethnic minorities from
participating in the jury per se. This matter arises not only in the UK but in other jurisdictions where the question
of racial bias, representation and white juries is raised. It is argued that positive measures should be used to
redress this problem that would also demonstrate a commitment to dealing with slave trade reparations claims.
Three propositions will be discussed: a) the exercise of judicial discretion; b) a firm rule requiring a number of people
from ethnic minority groups on jury panels where race is an issue and; c) the presence of people from ethnic minority groups on
any jury panel. The latter would occur, regardless of the issue in the case, in areas where there is a substantial number
in the population and where this would not create practical difficulties. This paper strongly supports proposition C.
It is submitted that such a measure would help to instil confidence in the jury system as regards people from ethnic minority groups..
The Geography of Bus Shelter Damage: The Influence of Crime, Neighbourhood Characteristics and Land-Use
This paper offers unique insights into the distribution of damage to bus shelters, in a single case study area, Merseyside (UK).
The geography of bus shelter damage is examined in relation to the criminogenic and socio-economic characteristics of its
neighbourhood, and the local land use context. The findings suggest that shelter damage is related in a known and predictable
way to known characteristics of its neighbourhood, and that shelters in areas with high levels of anti social behaviour and
violence against the person are more susceptible to bus shelter damage. Two key factors in the occurrence of bus shelter
damage appear to be lack of capable guardianships and the presence of youths. In relation to the influence of land use, the
presence of parks, children's play areas and schools (particularly those whose unauthorised truancy levels were above the national
average) were positively correlated with shelter damage. By contrast, negative relationships were found between shelter damage and
the presence of pubs, clubs, and off-licenses. The implications of these findings for crime prevention are then discussed, alongside
some potential avenues for future research.
A Spatial Analysis of Neighbourhood Crime in Omaha, Nebraska Using Alternative Measures of Crime Rates
This paper analyzed the spatial patterns of four types of crime (assault, robbery, autotheft, and burglary) and
their relationship with neighbourhood characteristics in the City of Omaha, Nebraska by using geographic
information systems procedures and ordinary least square regression methods. Location quotients of crime
and crime density were employed as two alternative measures of crime rates. This article has three important
findings: First, the rationale of the employment of official crime rates for neighbourhood crime study is
questionable; Second, while location quotients can be used to highlight the prevalent types of crime across
urban neighbourhoods, they have limited use for the statistical analysis; and third, crime density focuses
on the spatial intensity of crime and is more appropriate as the indicator of neighbourhood level crime
than population-standardized crime rates and location quotients. This article not only presents important
insights into the enhanced interpretation of the geography of neighbourhood crime, but also can be considered
as testing the social disorganization theory and routine activity theory by using different measures instead
of crime rates. Policy implications pertaining to neighbourhood crime mapping and law enforcement intervention are discussed at the end.
Any Number You Want? The Impact of Data Cleaning on Internal Validity
Concerns about the internal validity of reconviction studies tend to focus on factors such as initial comparability of groups.
Often overlooked is the impact that data preparation can have. Data preparation refers to the decisions taken by researchers
regarding which offenders to retain in the sample for analysis. Using data relating to a sample of offenders in two police forces,
it is shown that these decisions, even when applied equally to both groups, can impact differentially on reconviction rates,
weakening a study's internal validity. Implications of the findings are considered and recommendations made to improve the
transparency of the process.
Culture of Crime Control: Through a Post-Foucauldian Lens
The paper identifies the broad organising ideas relating to David Garland's (2001) 'Culture of Control' thesis.
The critique respectfully identifies some theoretical deficits within Garland's use of Foucauldian concepts pertaining
to power, discourse, the conflation of agency and structure etcetera. Several post-Foucauldian 'modifications'
are recommended including the use of some insights from Owen's (2006a) Genetic-Social approach and Layder's (1997)
notion of Psychobiography. The findings of this conceptual and theoretical approach illustrate that Garland's
thesis would be enhanced by a post-Foucauldian, metatheoretical emphasis upon the dialectical relationship between
the systemic and relational aspects of power; dualism; Psychobiography; and an anti-reductionist critique of
agency-structure, micro-macro and time-space of the kind associated with the work of Owen (ibid) and Sibeon (1996, 2004).
Alley-Gating Revisited: The Sustainability of Resident's Satisfaction?
Alleys (snickets, ginnels, backways) are particularly common in British industrial cities and were originally
designed to allow access to the rear of properties by coalmen and refuse collectors. Although alleys are still
useful to allow residents access to the rear of their property without walking through the house, they also provide
a means of entry and escape for offenders. Alley-gating is a crime reduction measure that involves the installation of
a lockable gate across an alley, preventing access for anyone who does not have a key. This paper presents the findings
of a study undertaken to examine the sustainability of Liverpoool's Alley-gating scheme (a robust evaluation of Liverpool's
scheme was undertaken in 2002 see Young et al, 2003; Bowers et al, 2004). It specifically reports on the results of a
residents' survey undertaken in gated and non-gated areas. The findings are compared with those from 2002. The results
suggest that the positive impacts on perceptions of crime and anti-social behaviour, and experience of crime and
anti-social behaviour have been maintained over a four year period in Liverpool.
Risk, Respectability and Responsibilisation:
Unintended driver responses to speed limit enforcement
A preoccupation with risk as a rationale for enforcement has led to significant changes in both the
practice of control and the experience of being controlled. A concern with risk, howsoever caused, has led to whole
new populations being drawn within the state's regulatory gaze and prosecuted under strict liability laws. The use of
speed cameras to enforce speed limits has been one such development which has been the subject of intense public debate.
This paper situates this controversy within a risk framework and explores the way in which drivers who describe themselves,
in various ways, as 'respectable' have responded to this new role as a 'risky', rather than 'at risk', population. The
negative consequences associated with being identified as a source of risk have, it is suggested, allowed drivers to re-conceptualise
themselves as the victim, rather than cause, of risk on the roads. They have then been able to reject responsibility for risk
while enthusiastically pursuing methods of responsibilisation which protect them from it.
Old Age and Victims:
A Critical Exegesis and an Agenda for Change
The elderly population merits more sustained sociological and criminological investigation
because in western societies and globally the general population is both ageing and
growing in size. This article critically analyses issues of old age and crime, focusing
upon old age and victimisation, fear of crime and ageing offenders. The article sets out
a proposed agenda for change in the focus of the criminal justice system, with a call
for research to better inform policy and practice in this strangely neglected but
increasingly important area of ageing and crime.
Dynamic Strategies to Legitimise Deviant Behaviour of Street Culture Youth By Dr Steffen Zdun, academic member of staff, University of Bielefeld, Germany.
This article focuses upon street-level violence, particularly upon issues of guilt neutralization
and offending legitimization. Primarily, the paper is a synthesis of findings from the author's
empirical research in the field of youth violence and his in-depth critical examination of the
published literature in this area. The paper asks some telling questions about what is currently known
about offender guilt-neutralization and legitimization at various points before, during and after violent crimes.
Ultimately, the author argues for the need to develop criminological theory and undertake more research to
better understand the dynamic strategies that offenders employ to legitimize their violent offending.
Postmodern Policies? The Erratic Interventions of Constitutive Criminolgy By Mark Cowling, Reader in Criminology, School of Social Sciences and Law, University of Teesside, UK.
The constitutive criminology of Henry and Milovanovic and associated writers is the most positive and systematic
attempt to develop a postmodern criminology. One way in which to judge a new departure of the sort is in terms of
its results: what interventions, what ideas about policy or politics, does it offer in contrast to its antecedents?
This article starts by very briefly outlining the theoretical foundations of constitutive criminology, which it
identifies as a particular interpretation of Lacan, matched with chaos theory. It then reviews some of the main
interventions proposed by constitutive criminologists. It argues that these add little to existing radical ideas,
except for a potentially disastrous fascination with far-from-equilibrium conditions.
SELF-HELP AS AN EXPLANATION FOR VIOLENCE AMONG FEMALE INMATES: A Preliminary Assesment. By M. Dyan McGuire, Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, Saint Louis University, USA.
Data were gathered from 52 female inmates residing in two women's prisons located in Missouri, USA, through semi-structured
interviews in order to document the existence of violence among female inmates and to evaluate causes of such violence.
Donald Black's self help theory was used as a paradigm for evaluating causes of violence among female inmates.
The results of this study suggest that violence among female inmates is more common than typically assumed.
The results also suggest that Black's theory may account for the large amount of violence associated with homosexual
relationships but is unable to explain the existence of predatory violence aimed at forcibly acquiring property or
accomplishing sexual assault. Prison policies including those prohibiting homosexual conduct and the apparent de
facto policy of punishing everyone involved in a fight may be unwittingly contributing to the problem of violence
among female inmates. Possible reforms that might be helpful are discussed and analyzed.
SURVEILLANCE THROUGH CARE AND CONTROL: The Case of the Mentally Ill in Madison and Britain. By Mike Stephens, Senior Lecturer in Criminology and Social Policy at Loughborough University.
Increasing moral panic in Britain, fuelled by newspaper reports of 'innocent'
victims being murdered by persons with serious mental illness failed by the
system of community care, has led the government to consider the introduction
of greater powers of compulsory treatment and detention for such individuals.
Government plans have encountered much opposition in Britain, in particular
from mental health professionals and those concerned with civil liberties.
The government insists that the community care of the most seriously and potentially
dangerous mental health consumers has failed. Its draft powers of compulsion are
one further example of a gradual drift in Britain towards mounting surveillance
of difficult groups not on an inclusive and caring basis but on an approach dependent
on exclusionary and compulsory means, many of which have implications for civil liberties.
However, in contrast to the government's position, there is at least one place,
Madison, Wisconsin, where a most successful system of community care for persons
with mental illness can be found. There, even the most seriously ill individuals
are frequently treated in the community so that they can exercise their civil rights
to enjoy as normal and independent a life as possible.
Behaviour on London Buses and Tubes: Three Cases of Incivility By Simon Mackenzie, Lecturer in Criminology, School of Criminology, Education, Sociology and Social Work, Keele University
This paper reports observational data recorded on three journeys on London's
public transport network in 2004. The data is reported as experience in an
approach that attempts, in the phenomenological vein, to bring the incidents
to life for the reader. The strong subjectivity in this approach to the write
up of data is then tempered by a more objective analysis of the three events.
In this, the paper explores a link between the highly subjective, micro-level
data, and the structuring propensities of the market. The 'marketisation' of
emotion is argued to have structuring effects on morality as it is constructed
and manipulated at an individual level.
A Deadly Faith in Fakes: Trademark Theft and the Global Trade in Counterfeit Automotive Components By Dr Majid Yar, School of Social Policy, Sociology and Social Research (SPSSR), University of Kent at Canterbury
Intellectual property (IP) crime remains as yet a marginal topic in sociological and
criminological investigation. This neglect is due in part to the perception that such
offences are 'non-serious' and/or 'victimless'. This paper sets out to challenge such
assumptions by examining a particular instance of IP crime, namely the counterfeiting
of dangerous goods, and in particular the counterfeiting of automotive components. It
is argued that such activities, now globally widespread, carry both significant economic
costs, and that they pose substantial risks to public health and safety. Some of the key
drivers of this trade are analysed, along with recent developments in law, policing,
crime control and technological innovation that aim to curtail the counterfeiting of
these and other dangerous counterfeit products. It is argued that IP crime comprises
a socially significant and sociologically challenging phenomenon, one that deserves
concerted attention from those working in the sociology of crime, law, health, risk,
technology and political economy.
Bulldog Whistling: Criminalization of Young Lebanese-Australian Rugby League Fans
This article traces the course of a series of moral panics over the banding together,
group identification and collective action of certain groups of young people - mainly young men - in
and around some mass sporting events in New South Wales, Australia, in 2001-4. It could be a story of
'football hooliganism', except that the sport is not football (or 'soccer', as it is known in Australia),
but rugby league. That such 'collective behaviour' had been relatively unknown in this sporting milieu in
Australia provided the opportunity for the racialized 'othering' of those labelled as deviant, in the context
of the construction of the 'Arab Other' (and later the Muslim Other) as the pre-eminent folk demon of
contemporary Australia.
Restorative Justice and Three Individual Theories of Crime
This paper first reviews the concept of restorative justice, and then examines the affinities and tensions between restorative justice and three 'individual' criminological theories:
classicism, individual positivism, and 'law and order' conservatism. These theories have been selected because of their significance in the development of
present criminal justice policies.
Of Targets and Supertargets: A Routine Activity Theory of High Crime Rates
The notion of supertargets is introduced for the first time in this paper to refer to the 3 or 4 percent of chronically victimised targets that account for around 40 percent
of crime victimisation. The esteemed authors demonstrate that theory-testing relating to crime requires the inclusion of the crime concentration rate to incorporate
repeat victimisation and they indicate how mathematical modelling may, in turn, illuminate the crime concentration predictions of routine activity theory.
'Race', Ethnicity and the Courts by Tahir Abbas, University of Birmingham
This paper discusses findings that have emerged from the Department for Constitutional Affairs (formerly the Lord Chancellor's Department)
Courts and Diversity Research Programme. During 1999-2003 four projects were commissioned, completed by academic researchers and published by the department.
This paper explores the background issues to the research programme, the specific area of ethnicity within the criminal justice system, and addresses the
implications of findings for socio-legal research evidenced-based policy.
Rebels with a Cause, Folk Devils without a Panic: Press jingoism, policing tactics and anti-capitalist protest in London and Prague by Fiona Donson (Cardiff University), Graeme Chesters (Edge Hill College), Ian Welsh (Cardiff University) and Andrew Tickle (CPRE)
This paper examines whether anti-capitalist political activists are (mis)constructed as 'folk devils', through an examination of media coverage in the UK
and Czech Republic. The construction, of such protestors, as violent criminals and dangerous 'anarchists' has, it is argued, influenced their treatment
at protests by public authorities in London and Prague. The paper also offers, in juxtaposition to this representation of the current anti-capitalism movement,
a discussion of the accounts of activists themselves. In particular it examines the activists' own perceptions of their engagement in the global social movement against capitalism.
The paper is based on evidence drawn from the preliminary findings of interdisciplinary research into global social movements, and in particular the protests
against the International Monetary Fund and World Bank in Prague in September 2000.
Where Do We Go From Here? Researching Hate Crime by Barbara Perry, Northern Arizona University.
This paper identifies
several strangely neglected areas of hate crime scholarship, including the
lack of critical reflection on the usefulness of the term "hate crime" as
a descriptor of bias motivated behavior. Concerning measurement issues,
concepts and causes, hate groups, responses to hate crimes and comparative
scholarship, there are many gaps in our knowledge that are avenues for
further enquiry. In particular, we have failed to examine the specificity
of the bias crime experiences of diverse victim groups.
A Tale of Two Anomies by Roger Hopkins Burke and Edward
Pollock, both at Nottingham Trent University
Interactive Race and Gender Differences: Models of Bias by Dr Dyan McGuire, St Louis University, USA
Dyan McGuire's paper is based on a sample of 64,466 young people
referred to the juvenile court of Missouri USA in 1997. This important
paper uncovers the complex nature of racial and gender bias in the
court's decision making. Perhaps the most important finding is that,
controlling for other important variables such as offence and offending
history, Black males and Black and White females are disadvantaged by
the courts decision making regarding detention and are treated less
favourably than White males.
Understanding King Punisher and His Order: Vandalism in an Online Community - Motives, Meanings and Possible Solutions by Matthew Williams, Cardiff University.
This article makes one of the most significant contributions to undertanding
motivation for vandalism, and the characteristics of its group dynamics,
since Stan Cohen's (1973) "Property Destruction: Motives and Meanings". Dr
Mathew William's work shows how much things have changed in the last 30
years since Professor Cohen wrote that vandalism requires little technical
Please note due to the inclusion of colour images in this article readers not using broadband may find the download time longer than usual - please be patient, the wait will be worthwhile!
Women Inside and Out by Helen Codd.
Anti-Semitism and the Christian Right in post-Miloševic Serbia by Jovan Byford.
This paper proposes that understanding the causes of anti-Semitic hate crime requires the recognition of the cultural specificity of anti-Semitism, reflected in its unique mythical and conspiratorial nature.
By neglecting to consider the idiosyncrasies of anti-Semitic rhetoric, general theories of hate crime often fail to provide an adequate explanation for the persistence of anti-Jewish violence,
especially in cultures where Jews do not constitute a conspicuous minority, or where there is no noticeable tradition of anti-Jewish sentiment.
The Evolution of Hate by David Mann, Mike Sutton and Rachel Tuffin.
This article examines the activities of white racists and racialists and how these activities have expanded since the invention of the World Wide Web and Internet newsgroups.
The paper provides useful insights into the social dynamics of white racist and anti-racist activists in Internet newsgroups.
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text:
Mobile Hotel Room by Terry Holt
Meet the inventor! See the project!
Some Excerpts from Terry's own journal:
"Styrofoam: Art or Invention? Either way… if you want a camper you can walk away from or live in, in all kinds of weather, THIS may be it…
After coming up with a design that looked like a small salt box house. I decided to do what I call a functional mockup of styrofoam and duct tape. This was low cost and easy to fabricate.
In a week I had a working model. I tested it in 110 degree days and in some cool nights. It worked wonderfully well and stood some pretty high winds too. The news said gusts up to 50 mph but probably not that fast in my yard. But still enough to scare me over my brain child.
Realizing that the plywood version would be 10 times as heavy and not nearly as good thermally, I decided to stick with the white styrofoam…
…it was time to return to my love in Canada; so I collapsed the shelter onto the trailer and headed North towing my brain child.
It was not an uneventful trip…but… There was more excitement with the lighting, but that is of a more mundane nature…
I measured it's internal temperature in minus 20-30C weather when heated with a small tent heater. It was over 70F. Styrofoam was a good choice." ~Terry Holt
Check out the Quelab's post and slideshow! http://quelab.net/wordpress/879/terrys-amazing-little-camping-trailer/


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Pan Am Cup June 13-18 in Gatineau a launching pad for important 2011 season
GATINEAU, Que. – The 10-country Pan Am Cup men's volleyball tournament which gets underway on Monday (June 13) at the Centre Robert-Guertin in Gatineau, Que., will represent an important start to the all important 2011 season for the teams entered and an all out battle for two coveted spots in next year's prestigious World League.
For Canada, the Pan Am Cup is the start of its road to eventually qualify for the 2012 Olympic Games. The U.S., the three-time defending champions, is fielding some national team members as well as introducing younger players to their first major tournament. Brazil, the number-one country in the world, will put its Military World Games squad on the court.
There are three pools: in group A it is Brazil, Venezuela and Mexico; in group B, Canada, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic and Group C, the U.S., Argentina, Panama and the Bahamas.
The tournament gets underway Monday with the opening ceremonies at 11:45 a.m. followed by the match between Canada and Puerto Rico set for 12:30 p.m. The U.S., faces Bahamas at 3 p.m., Argentina plays Panama at 6 p.m. and Brazil and Mexico conclude the first day of round robin play at 8 p.m. Venezuela and the Dominican Republic have their first match on Tuesday.
The round robin continues Tuesday and Wednesday. The quarterfinals are Thursday, semifinals Friday and the placement matches Saturday.
Here follows the excerpts of the head coaches' statements on Sunday:
Glenn Hoag, Canada: We would like to welcome all the teams to the event. Pan Am Cup has become a very good tournament both for promotion of the sport and for the quality of the team and athletes that are present. We will use this event as a starting point for the summer activities in preparation for NORCECA championship in September.
Jacinto Campechano, Dominican Republic: We will be fighting for a medal in this tournament
Sergio Balletas, Panama: This tournament will be difficult. We will try to offer our best performance. The guys are happy to play well and do things right. We expect to finish 3rd in our pool as USA and ARG are strong Teams. We will fight with BAH for third place
Flavio Marino, Brazil: This tournament is of great importance for the Brazilian military selection as it will prepare us for the 5th CISM Military World Games which will take place in July in Rio de Janeiro. This tournament will serve as preparation and will be a big test for our team.
Carlos Rodriguez, Puerto Rico: This is a young Puerto Rican team with a combination of junior players that will play in the World Jr Champ in Brazil and player who practice with the A Team in Puerto Rico. Our expectation is to increase our level of play as the tournament progress and gain valuable experience in each of our match. This tournament will be good experience for our young player to build on for the future of the Puerto Rican National Team. In our pool, Canada will be a strong opponent in our pool. We hope that our player will do their best in this tournament.
Gordon Mayroth, U.S.A: We are happy to be in Canada and thank everyone for hosting this important event. The USA has had good results at this tournament in the last 4 showings and we hope to continue that streak. We have a mix of players, some this is their 1st major event some are part of our men's national Team. We have not played with this group yet, so I think many teams here are very talented and have more experience together.
Jorge Miguel Azair Lopez, Mexico: We are happy to be in this competition, we come with a young team. Like all teams we expect to see in this competition players who can represent us in the Pan American Games.
Raymond Wilson, Bahamas: We expect good representation from the Bahamas. It is our first time at a competition of this magnitude and we expect players to perform at a high level and meet the expectation of the tournament and establish ourselves as good volleyball players from Bahamas
Juan Manuel Cichello, Argentina: Argentina has a young team preparing for the World Junior Championship. We would like to increase our level of play at the Pan American Cup by playing some strong and experienced teams
For more information on the Pan Am Cup visit:
http://www.norceca.org/2011 Events/VI Pan American Men's Volleyball Cup/VI Pan American Men's Cup.htm


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- Adult Adventure
- Some Body Parts
- Tools and Tapers
- Accessories
- Straight Barbells
- Curved Barbells
- Replacement Parts
- 14k Gold Only
- Earlets & Tunnels
- Segment & Seamless Rings
- Captive Bead Rings
- Ear Plugs
- Hide Your Piercing
- Genuine Diamond Jewelry
- Organics
- Spirals & Claws
- Circular Barbells
- Charms
- Screwball Rings
- Fixed Bead Rings
This is a really cool hand carved piece to add to your collection. They have smoothed out an area so that it will not bother your piercing.
These pieces are Hand Carved in Indonesian Villages. Although they are carved from Genuine Water Buffalo Horn, no animal life was taken to acquire the horn, and no suffering is involved in the acquisition of the horn.
All pieces are priced individually. For a pair order 2.
Customer Reviews
- Untitled Review by Adri
I bought this for my friend's birthday. All her friends compliment it and even though it looks heavy it's lighter than a simple metal gauge. She absolutely loves it!
(Posted on 2/29/12)
- Untitled Review by skye
A delightfull crafted ordament. excellent for sizing up my gauge... I went from a 10 to a 2 with minimal irritation. Thats a huge PLUS!!!
Thanks Chain Gang!
(Posted on 2/29/12)
- Untitled Review by Alex
I bought 2 and they were nicely matched. I like them. If you must know I got the 6 gauge. They\'re in my ears right now.
(Posted on 10/8/09)