text:
Section 494:00
Section 494 - Trees, Shrubs and Vines - Removal Treatment and Care
Section 494:00. License Required. It shall be unlawful for any person to cut, trim, prune, remove, spray or otherwise treat trees, shrubs or vines which are located on or extend over any public street, boulevard, park or other public place, for another, without a license therefor.
Section 494:05. Application. Application for a license shall be made at the office of the Clerk-Treasurer upon the form provided as hereinafter set forth.
Section 494:10. Insurance Required. No license shall be issued, nor shall the same be effective until the applicant shall file with the Clerk-Treasurer a certificate of public liability insurance policy, approved by the Attorney, covering all operations of such applicant, in the amount of at least $300,000 combined single limit in case of injury to persons and damage to property in any one (1) accident. Such policy shall be written so as not to allow any sum for any portion of liability for damages to property to be deductible. The City of Owatonna shall be named, and the insurance provided shall include the City as an additional party insured. Should any such insurance policy be cancelled, the City shall be notified and the license issued hereunder shall be suspended and inoperative until satisfactory insurance is provided. No license shall be required when the work to be done is performed under the direction of the Public Utilities Commission, a City Department Head or other public utility otherwise authorized to use the streets of this municipality for work related to such utilities.
Section 494:15. License Fee. The annual license fee shall be in the amount duly established by the Council from time to time, which license shall expire March 31st of each year.
Section 494:20. Application Form. The application for a license shall be made on a form approved by the Council, which shall show, among other things, the name and address of the applicant, the number and names of the employees of applicant, the number of vehicles of applicant, together with a description and license number of each, and the type of equipment proposed to be used.


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FGD: Blue Travelers Return Home
Ryan Pike
March 24 2013 02:34PM
The Calgary Flames return home to the friendly confines of the Scotiabank Saddledome to host the St. Louis Blues tonight. Game time is 6pm on Fan 960 and Sportsnet West.
The Flames are in must-win territory, having lost six of their last eight games, assuming they have any shot at the playoffs at all. Oddly enough, though, they've won six in a row at home and gone winless in nine on the road. The home wins have mostly come against good teams, and that home cooking will need to continue if they're to have any hope of a playoff berth or a respectable finish down the stretch.
A loss will put the Flames four games below .500, a position they haven't been since November 2011 (for a single game).
The coaching staff has shuffled the deck a bit prior to tonight's game. Via Roger Millions' Twitter (@rogmillions), here are probable line combinations for the Flames.
- Tanguay – Cammalleri – Comeau
- Glencross – Stajan – Stempniak
- Hudler – Backlund – Iginla
- McGrattan – Begin – Jackman
- Brodie – Bouwmeester
- Giordano – Wideman
- Butler – Sarich
- Kiprusoff
Kiprusoff's starting his fourth in a row, despite losing three straight and posting a .866 save percentage – easily the lowest of the NHL's regular starting goalies. But it's a must-win game, so he'll get starts in these situations until the team is officially out of it. Cervenka and Smith take a seat tonight, while Backlund makes his way back in. He'll skate with Iginla and Hudler on the third line.
Note that the excellent second line has been kept together, as has the fourth line, which has been quietly effective for the Flames. Curtis Glencross has scored a point in five straight games (and seven of his last eight), and has scored 11 of his 13 goals this season on home ice.
The Blues are doing well. They're ninth-best in the NHL with a 17-11-2 record, mostly due to the fact they have given up the fewest shots against in the entire league. The Blues beat Edmonton 3-0 last night in the Hockey Night in Canada late game, so are on the second night of a B2B (like so many of the Flames home opponents this year).
Here are their probable line combinations, based on how they lined up last night.
- Backes – Steen – Stewart
- McDonald – Berglund – Oshie
- Tarasenko – Sobotka – Perron
- Schwartz – Nichol – Porter
- Jackman – Pietrangelo
- Russell – Polak
- Redden – Shattenkirk
- Halak
I'm guessing that Halak gets another start after winning last night, but they may throw Jake Allen back in. The Blues are carrying three goalies right now and Allen has the most wins and best save percentage, beating both Halak and Brian Elliott.
The Blues depth is readily apparent, with a strong top six, a couple good rookies in Jaden Schwartz and Vladimir Tarasenko, and a very strong defensive group. Chris Stewart has been in and out of Ken Hitchcock's doghouse since the former Dallas bench boss arrived, but the big winger is nevertheless one of the hottest scorers in the league right now having managed six goals in his last five games. Stewart is a guy who can run hot and cold and is generally a libility when the puck isn't going in the net, but a handful for the defense when things are going his way. Stewart is also currently skating with David Backes - the Blues best all around player - so the Flames will have to be aware of him tonight.
The Flames have been losing of late, it's true, but their great home streak is keeping them afloat. A loss tonight drops them to four games below .500 with 18 games to go. Suddenly, a losing stretch would threaten to become a free-fall.
They cannot afford to let that happen and still have a hope at a post-season berth. If they lose, expect some major changes. Actually even if they win, expect some major changes.
March 24 2013, 08:50PM
@Kent Wilson
You can tell Hartley feels the same way about his bottom 3 defenders. He rotates them in and out of the line according to their play, and sitting Babchuk permenantly.
March 24 2013, 08:50PM
Flames will be lucky to keep this shot total under 50 tonight
That is one to remember.
Good timing.
March 24 2013, 08:51PM
Make it a game winner! For the love of God!
I really hope that is the game winner. For fans and Iginla.
It's a little sad to think about but that very well could be it. His way of going out on "top"
March 24 2013, 08:54PM
NOW it's a fan appreciation night.
March 24 2013, 08:54PM
Haha. Quite the, uh, goal for Jarome. Good to see him get one at home.
1:54 to go. The shots are pretty lopsided so far. Suspect this will be a nailbiter.
Iginla is increasing his trade value with every goal score, point # 1,095 as a Flame. Iggy just passed Bryan Trottier for 32nd all time goal scoring in NHL history with #525.
March 24 2013, 09:03PM
I can't remember are we cheering for wins or losses? :)
I can't remember are we cheering for wins or losses? :)
March 24 2013, 09:07PM
Hey, the wins still feel good!
Watching Kiprusoff tonight, is there a chance his knee isn't completely healed? He seems to struggle to get to his feet often, almost as though his balance is off.
March 24 2013, 09:07PM
Very happy to see Kiprusoff get the win and Iginla with the winner. That felt good, a little odd . . .
The tears are flowing...this is so emotional
Thanks Rex. That Ian what I have been seeing.
March 24 2013, 09:09PM
Kipper special and Iginla scored the GWG to boot.
March 24 2013, 09:09PM
Iginla is increasing his trade value with every goal score, point # 1,095 as a Flame. Iggy just passed Bryan Trottier for 32nd all time goal scoring in NHL history with #525.
Except Trottier has 6 Stanley cup rings...at the end of the day that is all that matters.
March 24 2013, 09:11PM
Watching Kiprusoff tonight, is there a chance his knee isn't completely healed? He seems to struggle to get to his feet often, almost as though his balance is off.
I bet it puts a lot of stress on the knee. I heard Rhet Warner talk about how tough Kipprusoff was. He's clearly playing through the pain.
March 24 2013, 09:14PM
Except Trottier has 6 Stanley cup rings...at the end of the day that is all that matters.
and a defebsive force, top face off man etc etc
March 24 2013, 09:20PM
Except Trottier has 6 Stanley cup rings...at the end of the day that is all that matters.
By that measure Dave Semenko is better than Jerome. Much better since he has 2.
Except Trottier has 6 Stanley cup rings...at the end of the day that is all that matters.
I know that I'm just reporting a fact.
Having gone through some minor knee issues, I can't imagine that even a sprain in one's mid to late 30s really heals all that well.
Makes me wonder if he holds his retirement press conference at the end of the Flames' season.
Flames now in 26th place. One point back of the Oilers with the same # of games player, one more win, but fewer OTLs.
Makes the next few games a little more interesting for fans of the two clubs. It isn't the playoffs, but a contest to see who is the least bad is something right? Maybe not.
March 24 2013, 10:24PM
Post game is up

subset: commoncrawl


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New rewards system and process is needed to honor Rochester Police job performance
Although last weeks news of a new police "complaint time line" system in the city is welcoming and City Councilman Adam McFadden deserves his props and kudos for helping to streamline and spearhead a much needed new system, I just hope that the city puts in the same effort, time and resources to overhaul the ineffective process for city residents to comment on officers outstanding job performance.
I mean no disrespect towards Councilman McFadden on this subject because I know all the hard work that he put in towards overhauling the system. I do understand the need for the city to replace the old, ineffective, broken and laughable system that was in place for residents to voice their concerns about the police department.
Heck, I have seen my share of officers who made me not want to trust, cooperate with or respect police officers in general because of their conduct, attitude, choice of language and interactions with people and the way they handled the situations was not that of a police officer. When others and myself tired to voice our frustration and concerns, we got the run around and cold shoulder.
I understand that the city wants to repair the lack of trust between the community and the police department and improving the way resident can voice their concerns is an excellent way to do just that.
Although I feel that there are a hand full of RPD officers who should be either fired or sent right back to the academy for more in-depth training with a focus on sensitivity and diversity training, I do believe that a few bad apples don't spoil the bunch.
With that said, there are hundreds of RPD officers out there doing an excellent and outstanding job policing our streets, neighborhoods, schools and communities. Their outstanding job performance, actions, relationship skills, behavior, attitude and the way they represent the city, the police department, their uniform and our community deserves to honored and recognized in an more open, dignified, and significant way.
Unfortunately the current process to do so does them a disservice and I feel that if the city wants to really build trust between the community and the police department and get more and more police officers out there policing our city to the best of their abilities and actually giving a crap; then in addition to improving the complaint process, they need to give similar attention and treatment to the way residents can recognize, honor and reward outstanding police officers and their service.
The time line and process to comment on an officer's outstanding job performance and commitment to our community deserves to be overhauled just as importantly as the complaint timeline system does. This new rewards system should be interactive with the community and include the individual/group/business in the process who felt the need to honor them to make it more impactful and meaningful to the officer(s) involved so that it can also serve as encouragement to other officers on the force who need a little more motivation to do their jobs better.
By overhauling the performance system, it will not only help encourage, breed and build integrity, character, and excellence within the police departments rank and files but it will also help put public trust back into them as well and significantly reduce the number of complaints filed against the police department and its officers.


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Born Mathieu Slip-On
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Item # 251681
Great style and extraordinary comfort collide to create the Mathieu from Born. This hand crafted slip-on looks great with your favorite jeans or khakis, and is perfect for everyday wear.
- Leather upper
- Slip-on design
- Dual elastic panels for an easy, comfortable fit
- Round toe
- Leather lining
- Cushioned footbed
- Synthetic sole
- Imported
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By: elrey
Location: huntington beach
October 22, 2013
Born Mathieu Slip-On
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May 10, 2013
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By: karensl
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Born mens shoes
"Great product. Sturdy soles. Should last a long time"
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It's pretty obvious that the 3 hokages knew of the technique. I don't think Madara created the jutsu, his pride in his mangekyou sharingan was too great for him to be relying on others for power. Most likely Rikudou Sennin or the 1st Created it. But what I'm thinking is that it was a secret technique, along with other death-related jutsus, of the Senju Clan, reason why they were so powerful, enough to rival the EMS and his uchihas.
The Mokuton bloodline of the senju clan had the power to create life, it would make sense if they had also successfully learned to control the power of death, giving them godly powers. The first himself could've used the technique to overpower and defeat madara who wouldn't really have a counter to it. Then after defeating madara, when peace was coming to konoha, he declared the death jutsus forbidden, only to be studied by the hokages in case to use them as a last resort to protect the village. That's why the 4th used that knowledge and created shiki-fujin.
But Oro's ambitions led him to discover and study those jutsus. It would also mean that Tsunade has acquired that knowledge and being the granddaughter of the 1st, she should be able to master the kinjutsus very well. I think that Shiki Fujin balances Edo Tensei in that souls brought back from the underworld will be caught within the belly of the deathgod, but only a person strong enough would be able to summon them back from the shinigami's belly as Oro was trying to do with Fourth Hokage.
It would be cool if the 1st had actually used Edo Tensei to summon the Rikudou Sennin and help him fight against Madara, and then released his soul with some sort of life-giving jutsu until the sage was reincarnated as Pain aka nagato years later during a time of massive war and suffering. And now, in a twist of fate, Madara's using the rinnegan power for his own benefit.


text:
Test Reviews
MINOX BD 7x28 Binoculars Review
It is not that often that I get a fairly uniquely designed binocular to review, so when the guys at MINOX asked me if I wanted to review their compact fixed focus BD 7x28 IF binoculars, with its open bridge design I was immediately interested.
A good pair of compact binoculars needs to excel in a wide range of areas, this is because I tend to use them more than any other pair. The reason for this is that they are so easy to carry with me, and so I do - I take my compacts with me just about everywhere I go.
For example good compact binoculars should easily fit into my golf bag, or in my carry bag when I go out mountain biking, hiking or to watch a football game. They should easily fit in the cubbyhole (glove compartment) of my car or just in my jacket or shirt pocket when I going out for a walk. So not only do they need to be compact, but also tough enough to handle being left in a bag and be able to take the heat inside my car when I forget to take them out. As well as this, I also want the view through them to be as to as good as possible, but at the same time they should not be too expensive as to be irreplaceable!
Eastmans.com Performs the MINOX BL 10x44 Hardcore Field Test
One of the challenges that the Western hunter faces when dealing with equipment is to find the right pieces of the puzzle without breaking the bank. Many hunters, like myself, are very price conscious, but wont sacrifice quality - herein lies the challenge. Speaking from a personal standpoint, the family budget is almost always tight especially with a lovely wife who is a stay-at-home mom, and four young children that think they need to eat every day (the audacity!). To put it bluntly, a $2,000 pair of optics will probably never be in my budget, only in my dreams.
One of the challenges that the Western hunter faces when dealing with equipment is to find the right pieces of the puzzle without breaking the bank. Many hunters, like myself, are very price conscious, but wont sacrifice quality - herein lies the challenge. Speaking from a personal standpoint, the family budget is almost always tight especially with a lovely wife who is a stay-at-home mom, and four young children that think they need to eat every day (the audacity!). To put it bluntly, a $2,000 pair of optics will probably never be in my budget, only in my dreams.
A Birding Interview about high grade binoculars - American Birding Association, May 2010
As Director of Sales and Marketing/Outdoor Channels for MINOX Sports Optics and formerly Vice President of Sport Optics for Leica Camera Inc. (NA), Terry Moore is a recognized authority on high-quality sports optical equipment, including "glass" designed for the steadily growing birding market. Born and reared in Oklahoma, Moore exhibited an early interest in the outdoors and pursued schooling as a field biologist before focusing on business. His career grew from part-time work in a camera store to sales and sales management in the consumer photographic industry. In 1995, he established Leica's Sport Optics Division. An enthusiastic birder himself, Moore has traveled extensively in the pursuit of this passion.
Moore gives Birding some professional advice on choosing binoculars, previews the optics of the future, and reveals why - when it comes to optics - birders and hunters are more alike than they might think.
The Minox ZA-5 2-10 x 40 Riflescope tested by Randy Wakeman Outdoors
Minox is making a big splash with American assembled, German-designed scopes featuring Schott Glass and generous eye relief. The ZA-3 series has a 3:1 ratio erector, while the ZA-5 is a 5:1 power range line. Tested is a ZA-5 example.
Minox has an interesting history, as the Minox was the spy camera invented back in 1936 by Walter Zapp. Minox still manufactures sub-miniature cameras. Minox was purchased by Leica, reportedly in 1996, and became an independent company again in 2001. My first experience was with a set of Minox binoculars during an informal optics comparison some years ago. The test set of Minox binoculars was and is outstandingly good. Now, Minox has launched a riflescope line, designed in Germany for the American market, meaning inclusion of one inch tubes. They are the ZA-3 and ZA-5 riflescopes, with 3x and 5x erector ratios respectively. Minox scopes feature Schott glass and are assembled in the United States, in Oregon. The scopes are all feature four inch plus so eye relief, argon purging, quick-focus ocular portions, and offer three basic reticle choices. They are a plex, the #4 German, and the BDC holdover reticle. I opted for the #4 German reticle in this ZA-5 test scope, a terrific hunting reticle as far as I'm concerned, and not as widely available as it should be. This is about a 14 oz. scope, lighter than most with 5X or greater power ranges.
The Unusual Minox ZA 5 1.5-8 x 32 Riflescope tested by Randy Wakeman Outdoors
When hunting, my bull's eye is at least eight inches and perhaps much more. Locating an animal is done with binoculars, my naked eyes, or perhaps a spotter, but not my riflescope.
This Minox ZA 5 has quick diopter focus, is argon purged, and shares the effortless to use extended rubber zoom ring common to the rest of the ZA 5 line. Low scope mounting that might be prohibited by oversize objective bells are not a problem with this optic, contingent on the specific rifle. On the high end, if you can hit what you are shooting at with open sights at just 50 yards, you get the same size image with this scope at 400 yards. On the low end, such as when hunting black bear from a tree deep in the timber, the 1.5 power setting is where this scope can stay, a field of view many scopes can never arrive at. Currently, this ZA 5 can be had for $480 or so street price. On a cloudy morning, forty-seven minutes before sunrise, the low-light performance at 6X was compared against several other scopes. This Minox not only did well, passing the dark green on dark green "make the shot test," it was noticeably brighter than the already excellent Minox ZA 5 2-10 x 40 at 6X.


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Arrested Reporter to Joe Scarborough: Stop Sipping Starbucks and Come to Ferguson
Washington Post reporter Wesley Lowery didn't mince words when responding to criticism from MSNBC's "Morning Joe" host Joe Scarborough Thursday morning.
Scarborough sounded off on the Wednesday evening arrests of Lowery and Huffington Post reporter Ryan Reilly while the two worked in a McDonald's near the scene of protests in Ferguson, Missouri.
"If I saw that video and my son was the one that the police arrested after that episode, I'd say 'Joey, here's a clue: when the cops tell you—for like the 30th time—'let's go,' you know what that means son? It means, 'let's go.' I'm sorry,'" Scarborough said.
"I've been in places where police officers said, 'Alright, you know what? This is cordoned off. You guys need to move along,'" Scarborough added. "And you know what I do? I go, 'yes, sir,' or 'yes, ma'am'—I don't sit there and have a debate and film the police officer unless I want to get on TV and have people talk about me the next day."
Lowery later slammed Scarborough's comments while speaking to CNN's Kate Bolduan.
"Well, I would invite Joe Scarborough to come down to Ferguson and get out of 30 Rock where he's sitting, sipping his Starbucks smugly, and I invite you to come down here and talk to the residents of Ferguson, where I've been," Lowery said. "Having tear gas shot at me, having rubber bullets shot at me, having mothers, daughters crying, having a 19-year-old boy crying and running to pull his 21-year-old sister out from a cloud of tear gas, thinking she would die. I would invite Joe Scarborough down here to do some reporting on the ground, and then maybe we can have an educated conversation about what's happening down here."
"I have little patience for talking heads," he continued. "This is too important; this is a community in the United States of America, where we're seeing it on fire—they're on fire—this community is on edge, there is so much happening here and instead of getting more reporters on the ground we have people like Joe Scarborough who are running their mouth and have no idea what they're talking about."
You can watch the full exchange here:
Not content to dish it out on CNN alone, Lowery also added some post-interview comments on Twitter:
Scarborough has not responded.


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When it seems the magic slipped away...
We find it all again on Christmas Day.
*Seeing isn't believing.Believing is seeing.*
still windy and cold....
Partly sunny and cold
I'm Dreaming of a White Christmas
Finally a sunny day after lots of rainy days.
Merry Snowy Christmas
Love & Peace to the World
wind is getting stronger
Has been very today..
Merry Christmas to all...
its still
and 2c..
Merry Christmas to all...
winter storm, about 10 inches of the white stuff


text:
Sei A's newest release Flux is any Techno fans dream come true! Flux is dark, psychedelic and powerful, containing four utterly massive tracks. This EP is as versatile as it is brilliant, whether you gravitate towards the destructive noise featured in Break the Pattern or just can't get enough of the massive hydraulic kicks in Flux.
Grab it here! [Purchase Link]
02 Break The Pattern by Turbo Recordings
Sei A – Flux (Martyn Mix) – Turbo Recordings by Sei A
Much Love,


text:
Olivia & Joy Splendid Woven Satchel
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Item # 284279
The perfect bag for the season, the Splendid satchel by Olivia + Joy is chic and functional, perfect for carrying everything you need in style!
- Woven faux leather satchel
- Top turn lock closure and top zip closure compartment
- Top handle with 5" drop
- Shoulder strap with 13½" drop
- Fabric lining with two slip pockets and zip pocket
- Dimensions 15½" x 5" x 12"
- Imported
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By: fefe2
Location: New York, NY
September 23, 2013
Love, Love, Love It!!
"I got it on Saturday, rocking it on Monday and everyone including me, loves it!"
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Comments: Sneaker is only 3 months old and the mesh is torn away from sneaker. Would not recommned sneaker.
From: Tina, St. John's NL, Canada
Comments: I love this shoe, much like I loved the Kinvara 2. For some reason, the Kinvara 3 did not work for me, as I got a burning sensation and numbness under the balls of both of my feet. It was actually the first pair of running shoes that I ever returned. But I've had nothing but pure running pleasure, including with bare feet, in the Kinvara 4. Of note, I'm a lightweight, efficient, mid-foot striker, so I feel I am kind of the target audience for these shoes. I also feel the shoe has improved in terms of upper fit over the Kinvara 2; we'll see how the new sole wears--the only downside I found in the Kinvara 2s.
From: Seattle, WA
Comments: OVERALL: Kinvaras are classified as "neutral" but their substantial plate prevents foot-roll, and I would call these minimal-control shoes. I found these bulky when I first put them on, but got used to them after a few laps. They are essentially the same as the earlier Kinvaras: lightweight trainers for people who don't like trainers, and for people who do like trainers but need something lightweight for a long run. At first glance, these are about the same weight and heel-toe-drop as the Kinvara 3's. The drop is about an inch or so: quite a lot of build-up, to my mind, putting the shoe in the category of lightweight trainer rather than anything for speedwork or racing. For someone used to minimalist shoes like me, putting these on the first time is like wearing in cork wedgies.
PLATE: The Kinvara plate-mold has remained virtually the same since the first edition. The synthetic foam itself has supposedly changed between 3 and 4. I think it's supposed to be a little springier, but I can't detect a difference. I suspect the differences show up after about 200 miles.
UPPER: The noticeable difference is in the top. The Kinvara 4 looks much more structured. Where the Kinvara 3's forefoot was like a ribbed sock, the Kinvara 4's forefoot is restrained by a trusswork. Apparently some people felt the 3 wasn't structured enough. I suppose that if you get the size 10-1/2 because you have feet that are a tiny bit big for size 10 but really too small for 10-1/2, this extra structure will make the shoe feel a little less floppy. Otherwise I don't see the point.
From: Anonymous


text:
The uptown Telephony Services provides telecommunications service to Tulane University's main campus, integrated phone service, and voicemail to several satellite campuses. Telephony Services currently provides support for a number of state-of-the-art technologies used on the main Tulane University campus.
Technology Services, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 -- TSNOC: 504-862-8888 -- email@example.com


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For example, if you buy a bungy jump deal but don't use it before the expiry date, you can still use the amount you paid for the voucher towards a bungy jump, for another 30 days.
A few things to note:
- The GrabOne Voucher Guarantee does not apply to product deals, travel and accommodation-related deals, or time-dependent event deals.
- It's always best to use your voucher before the expiry date, so you get the most value for your money. And if you're a bit forgetful, we now automatically remind you if your vouchers are about to expire.
- During the extended Voucher Guarantee period, your voucher can only be put towards the service stated on the voucher.
- If the offer is seasonal, like a seasonal menu or chimney sweep service, the Voucher Guarantee can be put towards a similar offer at the merchant's discretion.
- The conditions on your voucher still apply during the Voucher Guarantee period.


text:
World Environment Day 2009 - Your Planet Needs YOU!
Mexico City/ Nairobi, 5 June 2009 - Boosting investments in the conservation, rehabilitation and management of the Earth's forests, peatlands, soils and other key ecosystems could deliver significant cuts in greenhouse gas emissions and avoid even more being released to the atmosphere, a new report by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) says.
Achim Steiner, UN Under-Secretary-General and UNEP Executive Director, said: "Tens of billions of dollars are being earmarked for carbon capture and storage at power stations with the CO2 to be buried underground or under the sea."
"But perhaps the international community is overlooking a tried and tested method that has been working for millennia, the biosphere. By some estimates the Earth's living systems might be capable of sequestering more than 50 gigatones (Gt) of carbon over the coming decades with the right market signals," he added.
"This is also in line with UNEP's Green Economy initiative as for the same dollar, euro, peso or yuan not only are we combating climate change, but potentially delivering additional economic, environmental and developmental benefits from improved water supplies, soil stabilization and reduced biodiversity losses alongside new kinds of green jobs in natural resource management and conservation," he added.
UNEP's Rapid Assessment report 'The Natural Fix? The Role of Ecosystems in Climate Mitigation' is released to mark World Environment Day 2009, whose global hosts this year are the Government and people of Mexico.
The report comes just under six months before the crucial UN climate convention meeting in Copenhagen, Denmark, where governments need to Seal the Deal on a new, forward-looking treaty.
Key Messages from the Report
Barney Dickson and Kate Trumper of the UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre, which has spearheaded the compilation of the report in collaboration with some 20 leading experts, said: "While more research will be needed to fully capture the carbon and livelihood opportunities from drylands, it is already clear that there is a potentially a big bang for your carbon buck."
"Their large area means that total carbon potential is high and the often degraded soils means extra carbon could boost agricultural productivity and incomes in some of the poorest parts of the world," they said.
According to the report, recent estimates indicate that human activities are currently responsible for global carbon emissions of around 10Gt.
The research indicates that there may be scope for tackling 15 per cent of these-perhaps even more - through managing land use changes and carbon in ecosystems.
Forests - the largest sink
Tropical forests hold the largest terrestrial carbon store with an annual global uptake of around 1.3 Gt of carbon, or about 15 per cent of the total carbon emissions resulting from human activities.
Global tropical deforestation rates are currently estimated to be as high as 14.8 million hectares per year (about the size of Bangladesh), while deforestation is responsible for nearly one-fifth of the global greenhouse gas emissions - more than the entire transport sector.
Clearing of tropical forests may release an additional 87 to 130 Gt by 2100, corresponding to the carbon release of more than a decade of global fossil fuel combustion at current rates.
Reducing deforestation rates by 50 per cent by 2050 and then maintaining them at this level until 2100 would avoid the direct release of up to 50Gt of carbon this century.
Conventional logging techniques damage or kill a substantial part of the remaining vegetation during harvesting, resulting in large carbon losses.
Improved logging techniques can further reduce carbon losses by around 30 per cent compared to conventional logging techniques.
Forests around the world act as powerful carbon sinks: those in Central and South America are estimated to take up taking up around 0.6 Gt C, African forests somewhat over 0.4 Gt, and Asian forests around 0.25 Gt.
The potential to enhance carbon capture and storage in boreal forests - which stretch across Canada, Russia, Alaska and Scandinavia - is low. But they are the second largest stock of carbon, which could be lost to the atmosphere via increased numbers of fires, draining of peatlands, logging and mining.
Temperate forests in Europe and North America have been expanding over recent years-in Europe they are estimated to be capturing and storing between seven and 12 per cent of Europe's emissions. Further reforestation and management could enhance this further.
Agriculture - climate neutral by 2030
The agricultural sector has the largest readily achievable gains in carbon storage if best management practices - such as avoiding turning over the soil and using natural nutrients like compost and manure - were widely adopted.
Many of the agricultural practices that store more carbon can be implemented at little or no cost. The majority of this potential - 70 per cent - can be realized in developing countries.
Many agricultural areas in the Tropics have suffered severe depletion of their soil carbon stocks. Some soils in tropical agricultural systems are estimated to have lost as much as 20 to 80 tonnes of carbon per hectare, most of which has been released into the atmosphere.
Agroforestry - where food production is combined with tree planting - has a particularly high potential for carbon sequestration in tropical areas.
Peatlands -chock-full of carbon
Although peatlands cover only a tiny percentage of the Earth's surface they are, metre for metre, the most effective carbon stores of all ecosystems.
Planting biofuels on drained peatlands can nowhere near compensate for this release of greenhouse gases.
Re-wetting of peatlands and replanting of forests in areas that have been deforested can significantly reduce future emissions of greenhouse gases.
The oceans are believed to have absorbed around 30 per cent of the historic carbon emissions, making them the second largest sink after the atmosphere itself.
The opportunities for enhanced carbon capture and storage is likely to be in the coastal zones and in coastal ecosystems such as wetlands and mangroves.
However, current patterns of use, exploitation and impacts will, if unchecked, lead to coastal wetlands and mangroves becoming carbon sources rather than sinks.
The cost of ecosystem carbon management
The cost of ecosystem carbon management can be very low compared to other 'clean energy' options.
The economic mitigation potential of forestry would double if carbon prices increased from US$20 per tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent to US$100 per tonne.
At this level of carbon pricing, forestry and agriculture combined would be more important than any other single sector, and would retain high importance at even lower carbon prices.
At the moment, however, the international climate regime only partly addresses emissions from land-use change, such as deforestation, and does not provide incentives for reducing carbon emissions from forests and other ecosystems, let alone for conserving them as carbon sinks.
It is expected that governments negotiating the new climate agreement in Copenhagen in December this year will take the first step in this direction by starting to pay developing countries for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation.
The report argues that a more comprehensive system of payments for ecosystem services needs to be considered.
"Our planet's living systems have developed ingenious, efficient and cost-effective ways to manage carbon. Sending the right price signals to those who make economic and development choices about the value of preserving and effectively managing our forests, grasslands, peatlands and agricultural lands is critical for the success of any climate change mitigation strategies," the report says.
UNEP and partners, with funding from the Global Environment Facility, have launched a new project among communities in Western Kenya, Niger, Nigeria and China, to assess with greater precision the amount of carbon locked away in different ecosystems and landscapes under a variety of management regimes.
The findings, leading to a global standard upon which carbon investment decisions can be taken, should be available in some 18 months time.
"If the global community can rise to this challenge, the planet's living systems will be our best allies in the struggle to avoid dangerous climate change," Mr Steiner concluded.
For more information please contact:
Nick Nuttall, UNEP Spokesperson and Head of Media, on Tel: +254 (0)20 762 3084, Mobile in Kenya: +254 733 632755, or when travelling: +41 79 596 5737, or e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
At UNEP-WCMC: Barney Dickson, Head of Climate Change and Biodiversity Programme, on Tel: +44 1223 814 636, Mobile: +44 7590 655 975, or E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Or: Anne-France White, UNEP Associate Information Officer, on Tel: +254 (0)20 762 3088; Mobile in Kenya: +254 (0)728 600 494, or e-mail: email@example.com
Or: Xenya Cherny Scanlon, Information Officer, on Tel: +254 (0)20 762 4387, Mobile: +254 721 847 563, or e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
A block that sits at the edge of a Sesser neighborhood is home to vegetable and fruit crops and is flourishing despite failing crops in neighboring fields.
Jim Roberts of Sesser works the soil belonging to his brother, Paul, and said watering faithfully is the key to his success.
"This is the best tomato crop I ever had in my life," he said. "I counted 95 ripe tomatoes on one plant. I have picked 7,000 pounds of tomatoes and they are putting on again.
"Watermelon and cantaloupe are putting on a second crop," Roberts said.
He knows the block quite well, saying he grew up across from the garden spot in the family's home place where his brother now lives.
"I have four irrigation faucets," Roberts said. "I use a drip irrigation system and water about two times per week. One month's water bill was $200.
"I water and fertilize the plants and put down landscape fabric and cover the plants with straw to control the moisture in the soil and to keep down the weeds," he said. "I also use rolls of newsprint under everything to hold in the moisture and to control the weeds. I put down a double thickness of newsprint or newspaper and it tills right into the ground."
Roberts said he has picked tons of peppers. "I planted Gypsy, bell and banana peppers and a sweet jalapeno called Fooled You," he said. "I planted 500 tomato plants so I could have a fall and an early crop.
"A friend of my wife's said she took four large tomatoes and made three-and-a-half quarts of tomatoes and juice," Roberts said. "The tomatoes weighed two-and-a-half pounds."
He is following his childhood dream. "I loved to play in the dirt when I was a kid and still do," Roberts said. "Dad always gardened. He planted potatoes and strawberries."
He has followed his passion since 2004 as a farmers' market vendor. "I went to master gardeners school through the University of Illinois Extension," Roberts said. "I already had a garden and wanted to learn more.
"They had us hand out pamphlets at the farmers markets," he said. "I said I can do this. I really enjoy doing it. I enjoy gardening and it pays me back but you've got to work at it."
Digging sweet potatoes, Roberts said he has a very large crop of all sizes. "Some people like the larger ones and some like the smaller ones," he said. "It just depends on your individual taste."
Roberts said when he removes one crop he prepares for another.
"I have taken out all but one eggplant plant," he said. "I have replanted cucumbers, zucchini and yellow squash and they are all coming on again. The tomatoes are hanging in full bloom.
Page 2 of 2 - "I am working another part of the garden to plant radishes, lettuce, cauliflower, broccoli and cabbage if I can find the plants," Roberts said. "The turnips are up that I planted on July 25."
He said his twice a week watering resulted in 55,000 gallons of water usage.
"I use a fertilizer injector system," Roberts said. "I bought a special check valve from the city so the fertilizer doesn't flush back into the water supply.
"I put down the fertilizer first, then use the bed making mulch layer tool on the back of the tractor," he said. "It puts down the layer of landscape fabric, adds the drip irrigation system and mounds the dirt up all at the same time. When I get to the end of the row, I cut the plastic with a utility knife and finish the ends by hand."
Roberts said he annual work begins as soon as he can get in the garden.
"Usually I am in the garden by late March or as soon as the weather gets dry enough," he said. "I planted potatoes in March this year because we had such good dry weather."
Roberts was working on his strawberry crop for next year.
"I (planned to) plant the strawberry plugs on Sept. 10," he said. "As soon as they get here I will put them in the ground a foot apart and stagger them. They are more expensive than bare root strawberries but I think they do better."
Roberts said another area of the garden is devoted to blackberries, with another bumper crop of fruit to please his customers.
Roberts' wife Carleen is busy in the kitchen before each farmers' market, preparing her famous fried pies that typically sell out within the first hour of each market day.
Location, ST | website.com


text:
The Frigidaire FAH106S2 is a mid-grade single room air conditioning unit. The FAH106S2 can cool a maximum room size of 500 sq. feet and features an 10,000/ 9,800 BTU cooling capacity. The Frigidaire FAH106S2 device is completely electronic and includes a full-function remote control with a built in thermostat. Unique LVC (Low Voltage Compensation) technology ensures the device runs properly under many different voltage situations. The device also includes additional features such as a special sleep mode, 3 fan speeds, a universal window mounting trim kit, an anti-microbial air filtration system, a pleated quick mount kit, and slide-out filter access.
The Frigidaire FAH106S2 air-conditioning unit utilizes 4-way air flow patterns to distribute cool air throughout a room; which means air is pushed in all directions (up, down, front, back) to provide a more evenly distributed room temperature.
- Mid-grade air conditioning unit
- 10,000/ 9,800 BTU cooling capacity
- Includes full-function remote control with built-in thermostat
- Unique Low Voltage Compensation (LVC) technology
- Anti-microbial (mesh) air filtration system
- Special sleep mode, 3 fan speeds
- Pleated quick mount, window mounting kit
- Universal window mounting trim kit
- Slide-out filter access
- Color: White
- Dimensions:
- Cabinet Depth: 20 1/2"
- Cabinet Height: 14 1/2"
- Cabinet Width: 24"
- Max Wall Thickness: 18"
- Carton Depth: 28"
- Carton Height: 17"
- Carton Width: 27"
- Weight: 78 pounds
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- Initial Product DescriptionMay 12, 2014 at 01:01 PM
- Started ByFrigidaire
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text:
By JASON BAILEYSun Advocate/Progress Webmaster
At one point or another, most of us have found ourselves thumbing through old family photos and suddenly staring at a photo with contents that are unfamiliar to us. In our minds, we begin asking ourselves questions like "when and where was this photo taken?" or "who are the individuals in the photo?" Often the answer is lurking on the back side of the photograph, hand written in ink.
Those who are considering the purchase of a digital replacement for their old film camera often wonder how the same thing can be accomplished with digital photographs. Digital photos manifest themselves in an electronic form without actual physical form, so there is nothing that can be written on or labeled. CDs or DVDs containing photos can be physically labeled, but individual photos cannot.
It is possible, however, to digitally label each photograph with the use of metadata. Metadata is a generic term that simply means "data that describes other data." In this case, it is information that describes your digital photograph. This metadata, in most modern digital cameras, is stored inside each photo using the EXIF standard.
Each time your camera takes a picture, certain pieces of information are embedded deep inside the image. This information, which actually describes the photo and how it was taken, is dubbed 'EXIF data.' EXIF data can indicate when a given photo was taken (date and time), what shutter speed and F-stop was used, zoom values, whether the flash fired or not, the model and brand of the camera, and so on. The specific information each camera chooses to record in the file may vary, however.
Most photo editing programs will allow you to view EXIF information. Some editors will also let you add additional information to the photo, like the name of the photographer, where the photo was taken, user comments, etc. Adobe Photoshop and Jasc Paint Shop Pro are two common graphic editors that can read and write EXIF data. IrfanView, a freeware image viewer, will also read EXIF information. Other programs that can read and/or write EXIF data can be found by searching the Internet.
Have comments or suggestions for a weekly Tech Tips article? Send an email to email@example.com.


text:
SmartInstall and Cisco Unified Access
Cost Savings with SmartInstall
Supported Hardware Platforms (as of July 2013)
Securing SmartInstall with the Join Window
SmartInstall in a Topology with the Same Switch Model
SmartInstall in a Topology with Different Switch Models.
Text Files Created by SmartInstall
SmartCustomer's Director Switch Configuration
SmartInstall provides a suite of capabilities that help deploy new Cisco® Catalyst® switches and manage them effectively at very low operating costs. SmartInstall has true zero-touch switch installation to lower operational costs. SmartInstall helps with initial switch deployment, switch configuration management, and switch replacement. This document will explain the practical benefits of deploying SmartInstall, configurable options for deployment based on different network scenarios, best practices, and customization options.
The intended audience is networking professionals who want to deploy and manage Cisco LAN switches easily and save operational expenses. As an example, SmartInstall configuration will be created for an imaginary Cisco customer, called SmartCustomer Corporation, based on its network infrastructure. This scenario will help readers understand SmartInstall configuration and also how to use its customization capabilities.
SmartCustomer Corporation is an imaginary Cisco customer that has multiple retail sites that require a network refresh. SmartCustomer chose to use SmartInstall because this company needed a way to reduce costs of network equipment installation at its retail sites. SmartCustomer wanted to take advantage of the automated installation of networking devices, which SmartInstall provides in each retail location. With SmartInstall, SmartCustomer was able to reduce the time it took to install networking equipment and reduce the number of errors that occurred during installation. SmartCustomer ships networking devices directly to the retail location and eliminates central staging.
In each retail location, SmartCustomer has a Cisco Integrated Services Router (ISR) for WAN connectivity, three Cisco Catalyst 2960S Switches, and up to six Cisco compact switches (Cisco Catalyst 2960C) to extend wired connectivity outside of the wiring closet. The number of compact switches varies depending on the size of the retail location. The ISR and Cisco Catalyst 2960S are deployed in a small wiring closet onsite. The compact switches are deployed outside the wiring closet to provide extra Ethernet ports to end devices. The compact switches connect to the C2960S in the wiring closet.
SmartCustomer decided to use SmartInstall for pushing the Cisco IOS® Software configuration and Cisco IOS Software images to the C2960S and C2960C switches in each retail site using zero touch. The ISR in each site acts as the SmartInstall director. After the ISR in each retail site is operational, SmartCustomer rack mounts the Cisco Catalyst 2960S Switches, supplies power, and connects the Ethernet cables. SmartInstall does the rest. With SmartInstall, SmartCustomer does not need to configure each individual switch.
SmartCustomer decided to use an external Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server as it has different models of the client switch (2960S, 2960C) in the network. SmartCustomer is taking advantage of the DHCP Server capabilities of the ISR to act as DHCP Server for Smart Install.
Figure 1 shows the topology for SmartCustomer.
SmartInstall and Cisco Unified Access
The Cisco Unified Access Architecture (Figure 2) includes Cisco Smart Operations for reduced total cost of ownership (TCO), network resiliency for high availability, Cisco TrustSec® technology for comprehensive network security, and Cisco Application Visibility and Control (AVC).
SmartInstall is one component in the Cisco Smart Operations solution. Smart Operations is a comprehensive set of capabilities that can simplify and improve LAN switch deployment and reduce TCO. Smart Operations help organizations deliver operational excellence and scale services on the network.
SmartInstall can enable plug-and-play configuration and image management for zero-touch deployment on new and existing Cisco Catalyst LAN switches and zero-touch replacement of existing switches that need to be replaced in a return materials authorization (RMA) scenario.
● Ease of deployment: Configuring SmartInstall is a one-time task. After the configuration on the director device is complete, switches can be added to the network in zero-touch fashion. The time taken to add a switch to the network reduces significantly as SmartInstall automates the process, thereby eliminating delays that might occur because of manual switch deployment.
● Elimination of central staging prior to deployment.
● Reduced potential for human error in the installation process.
● New switch installation does not require highly technical personnel to perform the deployment.
● Easy maintenance: SmartInstall not only helps with initial switch deployment but also helps with switch configuration management. It conducts configuration backup when a switch changes its configuration. SmartInstall also has mechanisms in place for subsequent Cisco IOS Software and configuration upgrades on groups of switches, using a single command line interface (CLI). Another advantage of using SmartInstall is its customization capability, which allows switches to get unique configurations.
● Switch replacement assistance: In the future, should the switch go faulty, SmartInstall can enable an easy replacement, zero-touch switch here as well. With SmartInstall, the network administrator can ship the replacement switch to the intended location and ask someone - even a nontechnical person - to replace the switch. After the new switch is installed, the SmartInstall-enabled network automatically completes the new switch integration into the existing network.
● Cost savings: SmartInstall is capable of reducing operation expenses by reducing the amount of time and expertise taken to install new switches and replace nonoperational switches. A detailed cost-saving analysis is included in the next section.
Cost Savings with SmartInstall
Table 1 shows cost savings with SmartInstall as compared to the central staging mode of operation.
Table 1. SmartInstall Cost Savings
To Install and Maintain a Single Switch per Year
Without SmartInstall
With SmartInstall
Cost per Device (U.S.$)
Time (Hours)
Cost per Device (U.S.$)
Time (Hours)
Switch Installation (image, configuration)
Manual load per switch image and configuration
Zero-touch, plug and play
Switch Upgrade or Replacement: (assumes one upgrade per year)
Manually load the new image and configuration
Automatic: SmartInstall Director is the single management point to instruct image and configuration upgrades. The zero-touch capability of SmartInstall automatically provides the same image and configuration of the replaced switch
Configuration Backup
Zero-touch system is backed up automatically any time there is a configuration change
Total per switch
Total per switch
Total Savings per Switch per Year
U.S.$150 or 2.3 hours
Total Savings for a 100‑Switch Network
U.S.$15,000 or 230 hours
SmartInstall works in a client-server mode. It is made up of the following components:
● Director: A switch or router in the network that helps the installation of other switches. The switch/router plays the role of the director.
● Client: Switch in the network which gets the image and configuration from the director. When client switches boot with no configuration file (as they would when initially taken out of the box), they execute an auto-install process. It is the auto-install process on the clients that allows SmartInstall to work. Auto-install only executes when the configuration file is absent. The client is represented in the figure below by the access switch.
● Groups: Classification of client switches based on switch model and other parameters for better management. All clients in the same group receive the same Cisco IOS Software image and configuration file. A group is a set of clients for which the same action will be taken.
● External TFTP server (optional): Helps with storing image files for multiple client switch models and their respective configuration files. The director can serve as the TFTP server. In most cases using an external TFTP server is recommended. See Table 3 below for more information on choosing an internal or external TFTP server. The use of a TFTP server is not optional. The TFTP server must either operate on the Director, or an external appliance.
● Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server: DHCP services are required for the clients. The director can serve as the DHCP server. The DHCP server can optionally be an external device.
Figure 3 offers an illustration of the SmartInstall components described above.
Supported Hardware Platforms (as of July 2013)
Director Cisco Catalyst switches:
● 6500 Series Supervisor Engine 2T, 4500E Supervisor Engine 8, 4500E Supervisor Engine 7-E, 4500E Supervisor Engine 7L-E, 4500 Supervisor 6-E, 4500 Supervisor 6L-E,3850, 3750-X,3750-E, 3750-G, 3750V2-24FS, 3560-X, 3560-E, 3560-G,3560V2-24S, 3560C
Director routers:
● G1 series of Integrated Services Routers: 1841, 2801, 2811, 2821, 2851, 3825, 3845
● G2 series of Integrated Services Routers: 1921, 1941, 2901, 2911, 2921, 2951, 3925, 3945, 3925E, 3945E
Client Cisco Catalyst switches:
● Cisco Catalyst 3000 Series: 3850, 3750V2, 3750-E, 3750-X, 3560V2, 3560-E, 3560-X, 3560-C
● Cisco Catalyst 2000 Series: 2960-X, 2960-XR, 2960, 2960-S, 2960-C, 2960-SF, 2360
Table 2 shows recommended software versions for director roles.
Table 2. Recommended Software Version for Role of Director
Smart Install Director Model
Software Version
Cisco Catalyst 3750 or 3560
Cisco Catalyst 3850
Cisco Catalyst 4500 Supervisor Engine 7 and
Supervisor Engine 6
15.1.2-SGor 3.4.0SG
Cisco Catalyst 4500 Supervisor Engine 8
Cisco Catalyst 6500 Supervisor Engine 2T
Cisco ISR Generation 1 and Generation 2
Over time, more director and client models will be added. Updated details on supported devices can be found at http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/switches/lan/smart_install/configuration/guide/supported_devices.html.
SmartInstall is suited for deployment and management of campus and branch topologies for new and existing switches in the network. In the following sections, this document describes the typical topologies for campus and branch scenarios.
When SmartInstall is enabled in the network, it works as follows:
1. A new client switch is powered on and connected to the existing network. The client switch does not need any configuration to work with SmartInstall. The client will work correctly out of the box with no configuration.
2. Director discovers the new client switch through the Cisco Discovery Protocol.
3. The client switch has no configuration (zero configuration), hence VLAN 1 is enabled by default. The client requests an IP address for interface VLAN 1 using DHCP.
4. The DHCP server (based on the director switch or externally) provides the client switch with the IP address for interface VLAN 1. During this process, the director detects the IP address of the client switch and adds it to its SmartInstall database.
a. The DHCP response to the client contains DHCP options, which give the client information about the TFTP server, configuration file location, and Cisco IOS Software image location.
5. SmartInstall is initiated and the following files are then downloaded (total time for download and reboot is approximately 15 to 20 minutes):
● Client learns director IP address or downloads client_cfg.txt*
● Switch configuration file
● Imagelist file**
● Image file
● Client reboots with new image
SmartInstall supports the Cisco IOS Software-based DHCP server on the director, on other Cisco switches and routers, and third-party DHCP servers based on Windows and Linux. In the case of any external DHCP server, DHCP snooping must be enabled on the director, and the director must be between the DHCP server and the client switch. This is required as the director snoops the DHCP offer packet and inserts its options in the DHCP offer packet.
Warning: When the client switches boot up, the client switch console is usable. Do not enter anything on the client switch console, as this might terminate the SmartInstall operation. If you do interrupt the SmartInstall process on the client, you will need to revert the client to its manufacturing default settings. Erase all files on the flash: file system except the Cisco IOS Software image. Then issue a "write erase" command to remove any configuration that might be present in the NVRAM and reload the switch without saving any configuration.
Securing SmartInstall with the Join Window
SmartInstall provides a feature called Join Window, which allows the user to configure a window of time during which SmartInstall can accept new client switches and provide them with the configuration and Cisco IOS Software image files. The Join Window is the equivalent of a maintenance window for network operations. Only during the maintenance window is the network allowed to be modified. (The software configuration guide for SmartInstall has details on the Join Window: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/switches/lan/smart_install/configuration/guide/concepts.html.)
Any switch that joins the network outside the Join Window will not get the SmartInstall configured image and configuration files. This helps make sure that SmartInstall is active only during a certain window of time and not always open. The Join Window should be configured such that it matches the time when network maintenance is performed.
Choosing the Correct TFTP Server
The TFTP server serves the following purposes:
● Serve configuration files for client switches
● Serve Cisco IOS Software image files for client switches
● Store client configuration backup files
● Store Cisco IOS Software imagelist files
The TFTP server can be external on a central server or internal (on the director switch flash). The decision depends on the topology of the campus. Tables 3 and 4 can be used as reference to decide what type of TFTP server is best suited for a deployment scenario.
Table 3. Using a Director Flash-Based TFTP Server
Client image file, configuration file, and backup configuration versions stored locally on the director flash, avoiding the need for an external device.
Limited storage space because of flash size restrictions (in the case of the Cisco Catalyst 3000 Series as the director).
Avoids the use of an external TFTP server; saves money.
Across a slow WAN link (for example, from the router in a branch) the file downloads can be slow.
● Not scalable.
● No backup of the director flash contents like client backup configuration files, which can be lost in case of a director switch failure.
When using a stack of Cisco Catalyst 3750 Switches as the director switch and TFTP server, each stack member must have a copy of the client Cisco IOS Software image and the configuration file.
Recommended when:
● All client switches are of the same model
● A Cisco ISR behaves as the director
● Small topology with less than 10 client switches
● Client switches power up one at a time, not simultaneously
● WAN or network connectivity bandwidth is limited
Table 4. Using an External TFTP Server
Lots of storage space for images, configuration, and backup configuration files for multiple client switch groups.
Requires an external TFTP device; extra infrastructure.
Saves space on the director switch flash.
Extra configuration for file permissions in the case of a Linux TFTP server.
Scalable in large deployments with multiple Cisco IOS Software images and configuration files for different models of client switches; useful in a multiple director environment as well.
Might lead to variable download speeds across the WAN, depending on the router WAN uplink speed.
Recommended when:
● Many client groups are defined, requiring multiple Cisco IOS Software images to be maintained for smart install.
● Multiple directors are configured. Take advantage of a single TFTP server shared by all directors.
● There is a need for central management of all image and configuration files for multiple campus or branch locations.
● Network plans are in place to expand with more devices and hence create a need for more storage space.
● More than 10 clients or multiple clients are booting simultaneously.
In most deployment scenarios an external TFTP server will work best. The primary reason is performance. TFTP file downloads are slower when the Networking Device is serving TFTP files as opposed to a Linux or MS Windows based TFTP server. For External TFTP servers, Linux and MS Windows are the most popular. Linux-based servers natively support TFTP capability. For Windows systems, a TFTP program can be downloaded and installed.
Figure 4 outlines a typical campus topology with SmartInstall included.
In a campus-type topology, the Cisco Catalyst 4500 or 6500 Series Switch can play the role of the director switch. Sometimes in campus deployments there is a Layer 2 aggregation layer between the first Layer 3 hop and the network access devices. The Layer 2 aggregation switches can also be SmartInstall clients. SmartInstall can work with clients directly connected to the director or indirectly connected, as seen in Figure 4.
SmartInstall is designed to work with .tar Cisco IOS Software images for the client switches, and hence it is mandatory to use a .tar Cisco IOS Software image.
● Example: "c2960s-universalk9-tar.122-55.SE.tar"
Cisco IOS Software is available for download at http://www.cisco.com.
After a switch is upgraded using SmartInstall, the director automatically enables configuration backup on the client switch to track the switch configuration changes made by the network administrator. Configuration files are stored on the director switch flash by default but can be changed to store on an external TFTP server as well.
SmartInstall in the Branch
Figure 5 outlines a typical branch topology with SmartInstall included.
Typical branch-type deployments have switches in the closet that provide connectivity to the various end devices in the branch and a Cisco ISR that provides connectivity to the WAN. In such a scenario, it is useful to use the SmartInstall director capability of the ISR.
The director router could use its flash to store client switch Cisco IOS Software images and configuration files, or use an external TFTP server for the same. Tables 3 and 4 explain the advantages and disadvantages of choosing one over the other.
SmartInstall in a Topology with the Same Switch Model
Figure 6 shows a simple SmartInstall deployment with a single model of client switches. In such cases, it is useful to use the default setting for the Cisco IOS Software image and configuration file, which is the easiest to configure. The configured Cisco IOS Software image and configuration setting applies to all client switches.
Director-based flash is the best choice for TFTP server in such cases if the flash has at least 20 MB of free space. Ensure the TAR file and configuration file of all the client groups does not exceed the available flash file system space on the Director. An external TFTP Server (eg: Laptop or PC) is recommended when the Director Flash file system space is limited.
When the director switch detects new client switches or switches with zero configuration, it provides the image and configuration as defined in the default group settings.
SmartInstall can also upgrade Cisco IOS Software for existing client switches, which have configuration on them using the on-demand upgrade capability present in SmartInstall.
SmartInstall in a Topology with Different Switch Models
The concept of "groups" in SmartInstall helps network administrators to successfully push images and configurations to each of the switch models. A group is a built-in feature, which helps identify one switch model from the other. There are two types of groups: built-in and custom.
The built-in groups are for the switches which are currently supported by Cisco. These include all the Cisco Catalyst 3560V2, 3560-G, 3560-C, 3560E, 3560-X, 3750V2, 3750-G, 3750-E, 3750-X, 2960, 2960-G, 2960S, 2960SF, 2960-C, and 2360 switches. Each built-in group has two parameters that the user must configure: image and configuration file for switches that belong to the group.
Figure 7 outlines a SmartInstall branch topology using groups.
Custom groups provide the flexibility to add uniqueness to switches, which fit into the same built-in group. A custom group has three input parameters: image, configuration, and match. While image and configuration represent the image and configuration file for the switches that qualify for that group, the match criterion tells the director the basis on which a given switch is different than the other switches that belong to the same model.
Smart Install Directors support the ability to manage clients that do not have built-in groups, For this Custom groups are used. For example, the Cisco Catalyst 2960-C compact switches, built-in group support is not present in Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2.55SE, hence it is supported as a custom group. (Built-in group support for Cisco Catalyst 2960-C Series and Cisco Catalyst 3560-C Series Switches was added in Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2.58SE.) To support compact switches as clients in Director running an IOS version that does not have compact switch as clients built-in, use the Product ID type of custom group.
Custom groups are of four types:
● Product ID: The match criterion here is the product ID of the switch. This custom group is useful when introducing a new switch model in the network that is currently not supported under the built-in groups. Hence, product ID-based groups provide future-proofing.
◦ Example: Add the Cisco Catalyst 3560-C and the 2960-C compact switches to an existing SmartInstall network with the director running Cisco IOS Software Release 12.2.55SE. In this software release, the 3560-C and 2960-C switches are not a part of the existing built-in group list. Hence, creating a custom product ID-based group is the best choice.
● MAC address based: The match criterion here is the MAC address of the switch. The user can configure multiple MAC addresses within one MAC address-based custom group. A typical use case for this scenario is when the user wants only certain switches of the same model in the network to have a different configuration as compared to the other switches.
◦ Example: In a university campus type of deployment, if switches in the dormitories need a different configuration than the switches in the engineering building, and if all these switches belong to the same model, then the user gets to choose some switches and configure a MAC address-based custom group for them.
● Connectivity based: The match criteria here are the interface number and the IP address of the intermediate switch between the director and the client. The client switch should be directly connected to this intermediate switch. This group helps the director identify client switches based on their location and treat the switch with a different configuration if appropriate.
◦ Example: If the user wants switches to have a location-specific configuration, a connectivity-based group is useful.
● Stack based: The match criterion here is that the client switches must be stacked. All the Cisco Catalyst3750, 3750-E, 3750-X, and 2960S and 2960SF Series Switches are supported. This group supports the same hardware and mixed hardware stacks (Cisco Catalyst 3750-G, 3750-E, 3750-X Switches, and so on). In the match criteria for this group, the user can configure all the switch models and their respective stack member numbers as match criteria.
◦ Example: A stack of Cisco Catalyst 3750-X 24-port, 3750-X with 48-port Power over Ethernet (PoE), 3750-X 24-port PoE can qualify as one stack-based custom group.
Configuration Backup and Switch Replacement
Configuration backup for the client switches is enabled by default when SmartInstall is configured on the director. This creates a backup of the existing running configuration of every client switch and saves it in a repository. This repository is by default on the director switch flash under a subdirectory called vstack. Every time a user changes the configuration on any of the client switches and enters write memory on the client switch console, the director switch creates a backup of the new configuration to record the most recent configuration.
Users also have the provision to configure the backup on an external TFTP server.
SmartInstallDirector#dir flash:vstack
Directory of flash:/vstack/
3 -rwx 2155 Oct 13 2010 14:06:41 +00:00 2960s-081f.f388.8a00.REV2
4 -rwx 6192 Jan 4 2011 14:07:06 +00:00 2960s-0026.527c.ba00.REV2
5 -rwx 222 Apr 6 1993 00:26:52 +00:00 3560-d0d0.fd61.c980.REV2
6 -rwx 4567 Apr 7 1993 00:40:53 +00:00 Switch-0022.bdd3.9e80.REV2
7 -rwx 2776 Apr 7 1993 00:40:53 +00:00 Switch-0022.bdd3.9e80.REV1
As shown in the preceding output, the subdirectory has configuration files for the client switches. Every file name follows the naming convention of "hostname-Base Ethernet MAC Address-REV1or REV2" (most recent version).
If the client-to-director connection is lost after issuing the write memory command, the backup process fails. In such a case, the client switch tries to reestablish the connection so that the client file is backed up on the director. If the user entered the write memory command more than once, the files associated with the last write memory command event are backed up on the director. If the client reloads or fails before receiving feedback that the backup was successful, any changes made to the client startup do not take effect until the user reloads the client.
When a client switch fails because of any reason, a notification is sent to the director switch about the client down event associated to the Ethernet interface where the client was connected to the network. At this time, the network administrator replaces the faulty switch with a new client switch of the same model. This new switch must connect to the network using the Ethernet interfaces as the client switch it is replacing.
When this switch is powered on with zero configuration, the director gets a client up event for the port on which the client is connected. It identifies the new switch as a replacement for the previous switch. The director then pushes the last known good configuration to the client switch along with the Cisco IOS Software image configured for that client group.
The zero-touch switch replacement enables the administrator to have someone with minimal technical expertise replace the faulty switch. This reduces cost, effort, and time taken to replace the switch.
Text Files Created by SmartInstall
Imagelist for a group: In the case of built-in groups and custom groups, when the user defines the group, the director switch creates a text file with the Cisco IOS Software image name in it and transfers it to the TFTP server. This file is called the "imagelist" for that group. When the client switch is added to the network, after getting the IP address on VLAN 1, the director identifies the group to which the particular client switch belongs.
It then directs the client to download the imagelist from the TFTP server. The downloaded imagelist tells the client switch exactly which Cisco IOS Software file to download from the TFTP server. After this, the client downloads the image. The TFTP server must have an imagelist for every group (built-in or custom) that is created on the director.
An imagelist for a built-in group of Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switches, 48-port with LAN-lite license level looks like:
● 2960-48-lanlite-imagelist.txt
An imagelist for a custom group of Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switches with the name 2960-custom looks like:
● 2960-custom-imagelist.txt
Client_cfg.txt: This file is created when a user enables SmartInstall on a director switch or router. It is stored on the director flash. When a client switch running a Cisco IOS Software image prior to 12.2.52SE is added to the network, it downloads client_cfg.txt to establish communication with the director.
A switch that has a Cisco IOS Software release of 12.2.52SE or later gets the director switch IP address in the DHCP options and therefore does not need the client_cfg.txt file. Deleting this file will abort SmartInstall for client switches that have a Cisco IOS Software image release older than 12.2.52SE. Therefore, do not delete the client_cfg.txt file. The contents of this file are as follows:
version 12.2
enable password cisco
username cisco
do telnet 10.0.0.33 18843
In this case, 10.0.0.33 is the IP address of the director switch. The username and password is used only during the initial connection with the director switch. After connectivity is established, the director can provide a more secure password to access the client switch using the client configuration file.
SmartCustomer's Director Switch Configuration
Referring back to our company scenario at the beginning of this document, the following is the SmartInstall-related configuration for SmartCustomer's retail deployment. SmartCustomer has defined built-in groups for its Cisco Catalyst 2960-S and a product ID-based custom group for its Cisco Catalyst 2960-C compact switches. The TFTP server is external, and the DHCP server is based on the director switch. The SmartInstall-specific section of running configuration for SmartCustomer's director switch is as follows:
! TFTP Server is 10.0.0.10
vstack group custom Compact2960C product-id
image tftp://10.0.0.10/Imagelists/c2960c405-universalk9-tar.150-2.SE.tar
config tftp://10.0.0.10/Imagelists/2960c-config.txt
vstack group built-in 2960s 48-4sfp-poe
image tftp://10.0.0.10/Imagelists/c2960s-universalk9-tar.150-2.SE.tar
config tftp://10.0.0.10/Imagelists/2960s-localconfig.txt
Vstack dhcp-localserver pool1
address-pool 10.30.0.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 10.30.0.3
! Director IP Address is the same as the default router above.
vstack director 10.30.0.3
vstack basic
vstack backup file-server tftp://10.0.0.10/Imagelists/
To access the SmartInstall Configuration Guide for Cisco IOS Software Release, visit SmartInstall Configuration Guide.


text:
GiGi Brazilian Bikini Wax Microwave Kit
- Overview
- Brazilian Bikini Wax Microwave Formula, 8 oz (226 grams)
- Pre-Hon Lotion, 2 fl oz (59 ml)
- Pre-Epilation Oil, 2 fl oz
- Wax Off, 2 oz (59 grams)
- Slow Grow, 2 fl oz (59 ml)
- 5 Small Acuu Edge Applicators
- 5 Large Acuu Edge Applicators
- Features
- Remove the cap and plastic disc. Place jar on a microwave safe plate in the center of microwave. Heating time varies with each microwave. Heat for 30 seconds. Carefully break the surface of the wax with a large applicator. Continue to heat in intervals of 15 seconds until you can stir the wax so it takes on a thick, honey or caramel-like consistency. Do not heat longer than a total of 1 minute, wax may become too hot to apply. Remove jar from microwave carefully. If jar is uncomfortable to touch, let cool in the microwave before removing. Test the wax temperature before applying to bikini area.
- Cleanse area to be epilated with Pre-Hon Lotion. Pat dry with tissue.
- Apply Pre-Epilation Oil sparingly to area to be epilated.
- With applicator, apply a thick coat of wax in the direction of hair growth.
- Allow wax to cool on skin until it becomes soft and pliable, approximately 30 seconds.
- Hold skin taut, pull wax off with one quick motion in the opposite direction of hair growth keeping hardened wax as close to the skin as possible. Never re-apply wax to epilated area.
- Immediately apply firm pressure to epilated area with the cushion of your fingers or palm of hand to clean skin.
- Apply Wax Off liberally on treated area to remove any wax residue and to moisturize skin.
- To maintain epilation results longer, smooth on Slow Grow everyday after showering to inhibit hair growth.
- About the brand
A complete hard wax kit specifically designed to remove coarse and stubborn hair from the bikini area. This hard wax formulation is fast, efficient and gentle and requires no strips for removal.
Kit Contains:
Created by beauty expert Ligia "GiGi" Colombo, GiGi professional hair removal systems have been revolutionizing waxing and skin care for over 30 years. The GiGi collection includes microwave waxes, shave gel, bleaching creams, depilatories and everything else you need to keep your skin bare.
AmazingIt works really well, and i found out that my armpits sweat less after I wax. Hair grows finer and each time its easier to wax. Cant live without this kit.Apr 27, 2009Silvi / Austin, Tx
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Wow!!!!!So I was really nervous about waxing, as Id never done it before. But as soon as I got going it was so easy. And not nearly as painful as I anticipated. Yes, certain areas were a bit more sensitive than others. It only hurt for a second. Then I was good! As long as you follow the directions youll be fine. Put light dusting BABY POWDER before the wax, though. It helps to prevent alot of left over wax. Not as messy this way!! AND PULL QUICKLY! Going slow is torturous! Ugh!And yes! It may be a bit painful or uncomfortable. But you ARE pulling the hairs out at the root! Just do it quickly and follow the directions! Youll be fine! As for me, Ill NEVER go back to shaving again! This waxing system is a MUST HAVE!!Apr 3, 2009Shawntee / Okinawa, Japan
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No Salon Everthis set is just what i needed to not have to go tot he salon for waxing anymore. followed the directions to the letter and my results were way less painful than the salon.only had to do 2 30sec warm ups in the micro. application was easy and removal was easy as well. very happy with it.Mar 15, 2009Christina / Texas
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New To WaxingOk I read all these reviews on this very site before I bought the product and I still went for it because I was interested. I dont go to salons to get waxed. I have never even been waxed as I typically use a razor. I followed the directions and this stuff totally works. I also took the reviews into consideration and did not heat the wax too hot. Now although this stuff works like hell... it hurts like hell too lol. I kept the skin all tight and stuff, but with every pull I winced and the hair came off. All of the reviews on this product not working are people heating the wax too much or applying too thin of a layer. I found that the thicker layers of wax were easier to grasp and if the wax is not too hot then it dries really quickly after it is applied. Although I only got about 4 stips into it before I gave up...thats because I am a big sissy and it hurts lol. If it wasnt working then I would not have been in pain. It was actually a nice clean and even pull of the hair also. I think this is a great product for you girls who can be patient with directions so you get it right and for those of you that can tough it out. And trust me... I like razors even more now... I am off to finish the job that way instead hahahaMar 11, 2009Rings
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Painful And Ineffective!Awful. Half the time it didnt pull any hair out. The times it did stick to hair, it was so painful to pull, it was like tweezing a bunch of hairs at once. I always get Brazilians and can sleep through them...this one made me see why so many other women wouldnt get them done. I threw out the practically full jar after a half-hour of attempts.Feb 27, 2009Christina
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A ReviewYou know that when a person takes time to write a review is for 2 reasons: the product was great and they loved it, or they just simply didnt like the product. I really loved this product. Yeah, it was a little messy, but if you put the wax on the applicator and rotate the applicator so that the wax is even and not dripping its really easy to apply. Also, if youre a first timer like i was, try using muslin strips cause they work like a charm. ****What I would suggest is for you to take a couple of minutes to practice anywhere on your body that is almost hair free to get the hang of it and get the right timing, before you decide to move on to the "tough parts".*** This product was very gentle with the skin, and i found it a lot less painful then going to the spa.Feb 8, 2009Laura / Michigan
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HorrifyingI used this wax on a client and it was horrible to get off. Left my client in pain and me feeling humilliated that I used an inferior product on a client. This stuff is like taffy and trying to get it off the skin is a nightmare. Will be asking for my money back and sticking to the wax I know. HORRIBLE STUFF!!!!!!!!Nov 25, 2008Sherri
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Gigi Brazillian Microwave WaxThe first time I used this product, I found it to be extremely gooey and hard to remove. (Scary when youre doing a brazilian) Since then, I have used the muslin strips and it works wonderfully. I also turned down the a/c...LOL I highly suggest using the numbing spray beforehand and the pre wax oil. Make sure you pull (quickly) at an angle. Pulling slowly just prolongs the pain. Give it a second chance, if youre new to doing it yourself. The results are worth it!!!Oct 23, 2008Smooth / Georgia
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Great Product!I used to go to the salon to get Brazilian waxes, but it started to get really expensive, so after reading the reviews on here, I decided to try the GiGi Brazilian Wax Kit. You have to be careful not to make a mess (youll get the hang of it!) and I would definitely suggest taking a couple of Tylenols or Advils first. Dont listen to the reviewers complaining about the pain. Waxes are painful and theres no getting around it. This one gets the job done with minimal pain and you can do it in the privacy of your own home.Sep 12, 2008Natasha
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2nd Degree BurnsI followed the directions on the container. After heating for 30sec. then 15 sec intervals twice, the wax stayed hard on top of container except for a small area that was pasty. I used the applicator to push on the pasty area and the wax must have melted underneath to liquid. It poured onto 3/4 of my hand and gave me second degree burns. I now have scaring. I strongly urge people not to use this product.Sep 4, 2008Dm
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text:
Brooks Pure Grit Running Shoe - Mens
Sorry, this item is sold out!
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Item # dsw12prod4530167
Let nothing get between you and the trails with the men's Pure Grit running shoe from Brooks! Made uniquely with a one-piece outsole that splays out when pressure is applied, this shoe will keep you balanced and give you a more even gait.
- Mesh upper with synthetic overlay for stability
- Padded collar and tongue
- Soft fabric lining
- Removable contoured cushion insole
- Brooks DNA cushioning in midsole for added comfort
- Rubber one-piece outsole for extra balance and traction
- Imported
- View more Men's Technical & Performance Running Shoes
- View more Men's Brooks Shoes
Tell us what you think!
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text:
Blue Diamond, Almond Nut-Thins, Nut & Rice Cracker Snacks, Country Ranch, 4.25 oz (120.5 g)
- You earn loyalty credit for every order you place at iHerb!
- Loyalty credit is equal to 5% of the value of your order, excluding shipping charges.
- Your loyalty credit will be applied towards your next order as soon as your current order has shipped.
- Your loyalty credits are valid for up to 60 days from the date of your last purchase.
This product is already in your Wish List.
View Wish List
This product is now in your Wish List.
View Wish List
Expiration Date:?Oct 2017Expiration Date
The length of time for the expiration date or "best used before" date depends on the type of product, as well as the brand.
Perishable items (such as flax oils or certain probiotics) generally have shorter expiration dates. Although our warehouse is fully air-conditioned, these more fragile items are put in cold storage (freezer or refrigeration unit) for maximum freshness.
Our receiving department does its best to verify and then enter the correct expiration dates for all incoming products. However, discrepancies do occur from time to time. This being said, the exceptionally high turnover at iHerb ensures that our inventory is among the freshest in the industry.
Shipping Weight:?1 lbsSwitch to Metric units
- Product Code: DIA-05404
- UPC Code: 041570054048
- Package Quantity: 4.25 oz (120.5 g)
7.4 x 5.7 x 2.4 in, 0.35 lbsSwitch to Metric units
- Irresistible Snacking!
- Smart Eating!
- 0 Grams Trans Fat
- Natural
- Wheat & Gluten Free
The Nutritious, Delicious Cracker Snack
Blue Diamond Growers' Co-op is 100% committed to your good health, Our 3,200 grower members have been producing the finest quality almonds from the rich, fertile valleys of California since 1910. We continue to make nutritious and wholesome products for you and your family to enjoy.
Irresistible Snacking
Nut Thins are a unique, crispy and crunchy cracker loaded with delicious and nutritious almonds, They are the only crackers made with nuts and baked to perfection.
Smart Eating
Enjoy Nut Thins with your favorite cheeses, dips and pates, or all by themselves as a tasty, good-for-you snack. With 16 crackers per serving you can grab more than a handful!
Other Ingredients
Rice flour, almonds, seasoning (salt, natural buttermilk flavor (buttermilk, whey, maltodextrin, skim milk), sour cream powder (sour cream [cream, nonfat milk, cultures], cultured nonfat milk, citric acid, tocopherols, and ascorbyl palmitate [maintains freshness]), garlic powder, cultured whey, onion powder, spice, yeast extract, parsley, lactic acid, and natural flavors), potato starch, expeller pressed safflower oil and soy lecithin (processing aid).
Produced in a facility that also makes products containing: wheat, pecans and hazelnuts.
Each production run is sampled and tested to confirm gluten levels do not exceed 20 PPM.
|Supplement Facts
|Serving Size: 30 g (About 16 crackers)
|Servings Per Container: About 4
|Amount Per Serving
|% Daily Value*
|Calories from Fat
|Total Fat
|3.5 g
|Saturated Fat
|0 g
|Trans Fat
|0 g
|0 mg
|220 mg
|Total Carbohydrate
|22 g
|Dietary Fiber
|less than 1g
|1 g
|3 g
|Vitamin A
|Vitamin C
|* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs:
|Total Fat
|Less than
|65 g
|80 g
|Sat Fat
|Less than
|20 g
|25 g
|Less than
|300 mg
|300 mg
|Less than
|2,400 mg
|2,400 mg
|Total Carbohydrate
|300 g
|375 g
|Dietary Fiber
|25 g
|30 g
Verified Purchase
Our whole family loves these crackers and top them with cheese or just eat them plain! We buy as many boxes as we can fit in each iherb shipment! Yummy!
So deliscious
Posted by Korutherapy on Dec 10, 2016
Can't stop eating them. Very delicious. Better than chips and much healthier.
you should give it a try
Posted by 5364844648555015768 on Jul 25, 2016
Testy such a great snack
Best snack.
Posted by 5011439187764950108 on Jun 11, 2014
Flavourful, good alternative. I will purchase this than buying chips. More healthy!!
Posted by 5133462503325927851 on Jun 05, 2014
Taste like rice crisps. Not sure how they are nut thins? They are nice though.
Love the ranch taste!
Posted by 5219545435782714906 on May 14, 2014
Love the ranch!!


text:
Creative Recreation Cesario Lo Sneaker
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Item # 262635
For the hottest, hippest, streetwear styles, discover Creative Recreation. The Cesario low-top lace up has a sporty feel and a casual look that can take you from day to night.
- Combination nylon and canvas upper
- Adjustable velcro® strap and contrast laces
- Fabric lining
- Lightly cushioned footbed for all day wear
- Treaded rubber sole for increased traction
- Imported
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text:
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