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America's Next Top Model: Matthew Rolston
It's time for your weekly dose of frivolity in the form of America's Next Top Model (Cycle 15). The episode begins with a scene that basically makes Kacey look bad. A countless number of other girls insult her during confessional. They imply that she is a b-word. Kacey acts somewhat inappropriately; hosting a party for the male models and shamelessly flirting with one. The other girls are not interested in boys like Kacey is, however, and this is definitely not up to par with the other parties on past ANTM cycles. Looks like most just want to be a model! (Maybe after making it abroad will the girls feel more like living it up!)
Knott's Berry Farm
The girls go to Knott's Berry Farm to do a photo challenge. They need to pose as a certain emotion while riding the roller coaster The Silver Bullet. Nigel is here to help, as is Miss Jay, sporting a topknot hairstyle. The winner of the challenge is Liz. Her prize: Liz gets to try to "out-fierce" Tyra. Liz feels great winning the first challenge. Kayla and Chris get to tag along. They receive extra practice modeling in nude-colored underwear. At the model house, Lexie confronts Kacey for having a sucky personality.
Shoot Through Water
At Smashbox Studios again, the girls model expensive jewelry and cozy up with various seafood forms, while posing through water. Matthew Rolston is super hands-on and even wants to talk the girls through hair and makeup. His comments seem focused on making the faces more symmetrical. (Symmetry equals beauty, so my psychology studies have explained.)
Kendal is laugh-out-loud funny when she has to pose with an eel: "It was scary because for one, I don't like seafood." No one's making you eat the eel, Kendal! Kendal still looks gorgeous.
As for the rest of the girl's photo shoots: Kayla looks beautiful and breathtaking. Esther exudes an unexpected movie star-like quality. Meanwhile, Rolston seems pleased with many of the girls. He himself has a sweet aura. Chris impresses and acts "surprisingly [put-]together." Lexie struggles. Kacey looks good and seems to be the only one who really smiles. Jane looks cute. Anne excels as always. Liz acts like a diva.
Rolston thanks Tyra for the opportunity to be on the judging panel and looks super sweet and genuine. Kacey tries on Tyra's black stilettos to replace her metallic strappy sandals. The judges like Kacey's shot. Kayla's photo is versatile and likable. Esther shows a great photo. Anne's picture "looks like Vogue Italia" to Nigel. Everyone gushes over it. Chris does a great job and manages to hide her high forehead. Jane does a great job "balancing" all the photo elements but needs to extend her neck. Chelsea has a nice shot but does too many profiles. Rhianna's picture fails because she has sleepy eyes and not enough emotion. Kendal finally takes a great picture. Chelsey does not look pretty in her picture and does not wear makeup well. Liz's photo is sub-par and she shows her prickly attitude.
Panel continues with the judge's comments in deliberation. Rolston's comment on Ann being 6'2″: "You can break the rules, if you're extraordinarily gifted in other ways." His thoughts on Rhianna: "I don't think I can book her after this experience." His advice to whiny divas: "Never complain, never explain, just be it."
It's time for elimination. The girls are called in the order of Ann (best picture third week in a row), then Kacey, Esther, Chris, Kendal, Lexie, Kayla, Jane, and Chelsey. It comes down to Liz and Rhianna. Tyra asks, Is Rhianna more than just a flower child? Is Liz making too many excuses? Rhianna is sent home and given a last chance to sound happy, albeit hazy, in her last confessional.
Tune in next week when the models "work it on a moving runway" and Kacey continues to annoy everyone.


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Well they were just accused right?
Oh so if I lie to a public official it's a crime unless I'm a cop and work for the public, then it's not note worthy. Lying is a sign of a lack of character. Someone that lacking in character shouldn't be in a position where they can harm the public.
State Sponsored Criminal Count 230: David Torrez
#231: Jose Palomares
Because it's only a crime or a problem if you're not a cop. If you are a cop, well you're just doing your job right?

subset: commoncrawl


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Hi all!
Sorry for my lack of posts over the last few months, things have been mental! I have recently been published in Beauty Professional Ireland! You can see that on my Facebook page
And, I set up a website! Check it out lovely people!
Thanks a mill guys for sticking with me,
Monday, 14 January 2013
Thursday, 8 November 2012
How To: Smokey Eye
Hello all my lovely readers. I know you're thinking who the hell is this?! It's been way too long. I've had a hectic month, been to Paris (which was amazing!)
Anyhoo, I thought I'd show you how I did this look. It's really quite easy, but it looks gorgeous. I was chuffed with myself! :)
Products used:
Makeup Forever HD Foundation in #110
MAC Blush In Subtle Breeze
NYX Blush In Taupe (Contour)
NARS Copacabana Highlighter
Laura Mercier Loose Setting Powder
MAC Fling Brow Pencil
MAC Omega Eyeshadow
Natural Collection Clear Mascara
MAC Painterly Paint Pot as base
MAC Rice Paper
MAC Refects Pearl on top
MAC Texture
MAC Handwritten
MAC Carbon
My trusty Inglot Gel Liner was used for the flick and on the waterline. Kiss "Paparazzi" lashes were used too!
Wednesday, 10 October 2012
Obsessive? Me?
If you haven't noticed, I'm becoming a little bit obsessed with Halloween, I love the break from "usual" makeup.
I placed an order with Face FX on Monday, and it arrived on Tuesday. Yay for excellent customer service.
I bought liquid latex and modelling wax. For the look below I only used liquid latex.
To make the blood I made a mixture of water, glycerine and gelatin. In a 1.5:1.5:1 ratio. Mixed them altogether and popped in the microwave to dissolve the gelatin. I then added my food dyes and bob's your uncle! The great thing is that this sets so you can have drops of blood on your face that won't be going anywhere!
Below is what I came up with. I placed a nail through the tissue to make it that little bit more gorey! Laaavely!
Tuesday, 9 October 2012
A "Proper" Look
So the other day I tricked all of my lovely readers into thinking I created a lovely look with my new palette. I'm so devious!
Anyhoo, I'm waiting on a Halloween delivery, keep an eye on the Facebook page for that!
I was out the other day so I went for a soft smokey look. I think this would be perfect on brides .
Enjoy :)
Anyhoo, I'm waiting on a Halloween delivery, keep an eye on the Facebook page for that!
I was out the other day so I went for a soft smokey look. I think this would be perfect on brides .
For this look, I used Taupe all over the lid, Nubuck, Bark and Regal in the crease. Simples! :)
Enjoy :)
Thursday, 4 October 2012
An everyday look using my new palette
Hi everyone, I told you I would show you looks using my new palette .
So here ya go
Haha, stay tuned for more "wearable" looks ;)
So here ya go
Haha, stay tuned for more "wearable" looks ;)
Wednesday, 3 October 2012
My new lovlieness..
So after a crappy week, my boyfriend decided to treat me. (Bless) Feast your eyes on this baby. The Sleek Au Natural Palette.
I've been eyeing this up for a while now, and when it came to my door, I was more than happy to calmly open the package rip it open.
I Instagrammed that shit! |
Swatches, sorry it's a shite picture, but you can see the pigment in these. Amazing quality without the huge price tag. I'll be taking this away on my trip to Paris, and I'm heading to Galway this weekend. I'm sure I'll get lots of use out of this baby.
Stay tuned for looks!:)
Available from www.beautyemporium.ie or www.cloud10beauty.com for a mere €10.
Wednesday, 12 September 2012
Review; Inglot Gel Liner
Feast your eyes on this baby. Inglot Gel Liner 77. This is the blackest liner in the world. It's 100% waterproof, and does not budge.
Did I mention it's safe for the water line? ;)
This my personal one, I have 3 for my kit,2 black ones and 1 brown one. All my clients have commented on HOW black this is, and how it was still there the morning after their night out. (Bold! :) )
It's a great consistency to work it, not to thin, not too thick. Perfect. The only downside, it does dry out quite quickly, but this is solved by popping some Duraline into it. Also available from Inglot for €10.
I've inserted a picture of myself wearing it, its just so black, can't say enough good things about this liner. I prefer it to Bobbi Brown Gel liner, it knocks it out of the park!!
Oh, and it's only €15 ;)
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We're here in LaGrange, Ga., to start the second half of the 2011 Elite Series season. West Point Lake is the site of the fifth event this year, and the folks in LaGrange have an absolutely beautiful facility for the tournament. I wish all of our sites were like this one.
West Point is a little on the small side for a tournament field of this size (99 anglers) and caliber, but it might fish a lot bigger because it's got a gazillion little pockets and cuts that are definitely going to come into play.
We've got a 12-inch size limit for spotted bass and a 14-inch size limit for largemouths, and it's going to be the largemouths that will make or break your tournament here. The winning string is almost certainly going to be made up predominantly of largemouths.
A lot of the fish are postspawn and there are a few — perhaps quite a few — big largemouths up in the shallows. I've seen some of them and fished for them, but I can't seem to catch them. I'm not even going play with those fish once the tournament starts.
I've spent some time offshore and know I can catch a small limit of spots there. I've also got a largemouth pattern going. On Thursday, I'll devote most of my time to catching largemouths. They're the better quality fish.
West Point's a beautiful lake. I'm going to enjoy my time on the water here. The upper end has some off-color water while the lower end is clearer; it's not gin-clear, but it's quite a bit clearer.
It seems that just about all of the good largemouths are shallow right now. Everyone seems to have discovered that because they're all fishing shallow, too.
For the first hour and a half or so of the morning, there's a big shad spawn going on. Shad are just everywhere in the shallows, so, naturally, the bass are there, too. This shad spawn could really be the deal for this tournament, but I haven't quite figured out the best way to approach it, and I'm in the last flight on Thursday, so I won't have a lot of time to work it out. The morning bite could be what separates the top catches from everyone else this week.
Ultimately, I have no idea what it's going to take to win. I think a really good day for me at this point would be about 12 pounds. I wasn't sticking many fish in practice, but some of them pulled pretty good. Maybe they weighed two pounds, or maybe they weighed four pounds. I just don't know yet.
I'm just going to go fishing and enjoy my day.


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DON'T BE A SPAMBAND: We tend to berate acts we catch in the act of spamming, but do we offer alternative suggestions? No, of course we don't; we're not your bloody mothers. But a group - who do sound a bit rubbish - asked Slashdot for advice on how to turn themselves into an online phenomenononon, and people responded with lots of advice. But please note, the guy who suggested spamming was being ironic, m'kay? We came across this through soundspy, who offer a few tips of their own.
Thursday, September 26, 2002
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As a writing with important literature value, The Pilgrim's Progress became one of the most successful religious allegory in English literary works (without any narrow sectarianism). In the past 300+ years, it broke through the boundaries between nation, race, religion and culture, and swept around the world. So far, it has had as many as 200 kinds of translations around the world, and became the most widely spread book in addition to Bible.
Tag Archives: Top 100
The Catcher in the Rye HD PDF
The Catcher in the Rye is the only self-narrative, full-length novel written by American writer J. D. Salinger, published in 1951. The protagonist in this book is a 16-year-old high school student Holden, who doesn't pay attention to fashionable wear, swears like a trooper, and gives everybdoy a rascal down boy impression. The author limited the start-stop of story within 3 days of time from Holden left school to wandering in New York, learned from the writing method with stream of consciousness and unconstrained style, so as to fully explored the inward world of a teenager.
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn HD PDF, EPUB
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a recognized American literature masterpiece (except the last chapters) that provided new pleasure and energy source for the American prose and poetry in 20th century. It was first published in 1884. We can say, all American modern literature was derived from this one book. This is not only because its uniqueness on the language arts - i.e.: the application of colloquial language.
A Passage to India HD PDF, EPUB, MOBI
As the famous English writer E. M. Forster's master novel work, A Passage to India was created based on his real experience of two trips in India in the early twentieth century. The book was also known as the last traditional realism classic in the 20th century of Britain. Because it is clear that the traditional English novels is enveloped under the huge shadow of Charles Dickens all the time.


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"Donna thinks this is supposed to make up for her killing Jenna?" Felicia stared, dumb-struck, at the documents Frankie and Cass had shown her. "And John judged her well enough to leave Clareview? The woman is certifiable, you don't need a medical license to see it!"
"Donna's motives are irrelevant," Cass noted.
"Blood money. That's what this is. She's given Lori Ann blood money."
"She's given Lori Ann enough money to make sure that whatever health challenges she has down the line, she will always be well taken care of."
"We all would have seen to that, in any case."
"That's exactly what I said," Frankie piped up.
"And besides, Lori Ann is fine."
At this, Frankie didn't side nearly as quickly with her daughter's grandmother. Frankie and Cass exchanged looks. They hadn't meant for the conversation to take this turn, but, since Felicia had brought up the subject….
Felicia weighs in on Donna's gift to Lori Ann, as does Marley, while Jeanne confronts her erstwhile husband. Rachel forces Elizabeth to apologize to Jamie and Lorna, which only opens more old wounds, and Jen makes a confession to Steven.
All at: http://www.anotherworldtoday.com/2012/2012_159p1.html


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LimiTV: Improving children's learning and health
Click the drop-down menu arrow to view news articles about the effects of TV on children.
LimiTV informs parents, educators, and children about the ways excessive TV watching can compromise early childhood development, hinder learning, adversely affect health, and stimulate aggressive behavior.
LimiTV recommends little-to-no TV and video game time for children four-and-under, and less than 10 hours/week for K-12 students. More than that is considered excessive.
We hope that this web site will help you make an informed decision about media time and provide ideas about alternative activities.
LimiTV Provides Information on:● Negative Effects of TV on Kids ● Children Watching Television ● Negative Effects of Children Watching TV ● Effects of Kids Watching Television
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text: Perk up your bubbles with a tasty trio of all-natural fruit liqueurs. When combined with Champagne or sparkling wine, youll be able to make three twinkling cocktails. For example, mix Raspberry Liqueur 5cl (17% abv) with champagne for a Kir Imperial or mix Strawberry Liqueur 5cl (17% abv) to create a Rossini. Each 5cl bottle makes approximately three cocktails and can be measured using the Tipple-Gage which is marked on each liqueur bottle label. Made in England with real fruit and produced by hand in small batches. Refund policy We cant offer refunds or exchanges on perishable goods such as flowers and food, unless faulty or not as described. Find out more. This does not affect your statutory rights. Please see bottom of page for ingredient information.


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Marco Polo Resort & Restaurant
- Airport Transportation
- Continental Breakfast
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Room service
- Swimming pool
- Restaurant
Photos of Marco Polo Resort & Restaurant
- Swimming pool
- Restaurant
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Beverage Selection
- Free parking
- Airport Transportation
- Continental Breakfast
- Room service
TripAdvisor Reviews Marco Polo Resort & Restaurant Ko Samui
Travel Blogs from Ko Samui
Week 20 - 16 October 2015 to 22 October 2015
... Anyway, we had our tour guide in Patrick with us who stopped at the designated spot. We had to walk down a steep little path and about 200 metres further we were rewarded with a lovely little waterfall, with steps beside it right up to the top of it, which we of course tried.
Then we were off to the south western part of the island and ended up at the Laem Sor pagoda which has, what they call, a boat hall on the premises, described in the below extract from ...
Week 10 - 7 August 2015 to 13 August 2015
... area of the island we found ourselves in and Adri asked the wife of the owner about accommodation in the area. She called her husband over who advised that they do have four cottages just up the road which he can show us. As we got on our respective motorbikes I asked him whether the Relax@Samui is his place and he replied without missing a beat "no, it is yours". Nice touch, well said, what great people.
We rode up the road to where his cottages are situated, in a ...
Angthong National Marine Park
... boat. Once we had set off though we realised this probably wasn't the best idea. The boat was so rough and crashing into the waves making it nearly impossible to hold let alone drink. The boat ride took longer than expected as the sea was so choppy and we had to go really slow. I don't know how I didn't throw up my self, not very good on rocky boats. We eventually got there to the first island. This was where we would do the hike up to the viewpoint. There was options to ...
What's wrong with this picture?
... times to turn on a meter, he said no meter and mumbled something over and over. I had heard this was common here, but hoped for the best. The town really didn't look all that nice, so when I saw the Big C, I asked him to stop. From the guide book in my room, it was a mini mall with a couple restaurants and a grocery store that I had read about. He said 200 Baht! This was about a five minute ride and in Bangkok may have cost 45 Baht. I don't usually ...
Garden Villa paradiso
... duck curry.
Thurs 31
Great buffet breakies, cooked options galore. Decided to waste it all on chocos with milk. However, get a huge decanter of coffee! Even Sarah takes up the pffer of a jug of green tea. Sarah opts for omelet and crepes. Doesn't eat any of it so Luke has to eat till he is sick to avoid embarrassment.
Got a juice and massaman curry for lunch, big success. Slight argument however.
Morning spent loungin by ...


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"We are not under the clean-air ordinance. We are a tobacco retailer. Those provisions do not apply to us."
Brian Stebbins
"Our friends show us what we can do; our enemies teach us what we must do."
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
"Why can we remember the tiniest detail that has happened to us, and not remember how many times we have told it to the same person."
François de la Rochefoucauld
"Life has taught us that love does not consist in gazing at each other, but in looking outward together in the same direction"
Antoine de Saint-Exupery
"Death is not the greatest loss in life. The greatest loss is what dies inside us while we live."
Norman Cousins
"The things that we love tell us what we are."
St. Thomas Aquinas


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Kenny Roberts
Kenny Roberts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Roberts in 1975
Nationality | US | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Born | Modesto, California |
December 31, 1951 ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kenneth Leroy Roberts (born December 31, 1951 in Modesto, California) is an American former professional motorcycle racer and racing team owner. In 1978, he became the first American to win a Grand Prix motorcycle racing world championship.[1][2] He was also a two-time winner of the A.M.A. Grand National Championship. Roberts is one of only four riders in American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) racing history to win the AMA Grand Slam, representing Grand National wins at a mile, half-mile, short-track, TT Steeplechase and road race events.[2][3]
Roberts left his mark on Grand Prix motorcycle racing as a world championship winning rider, an advocate for increased safety standards in racing, and as a racing team owner and a motorcycle engine and chassis constructor. His dirt track-based riding style changed the way Grand Prix motorcycles were ridden.[1] Roberts' proposal to create a rival motorcycle championship in 1979 broke the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) hegemony and increased the political clout of Grand Prix racers, which subsequently led to improved safety standards and a new era of professionalism in the sport.[4] In 2000, Roberts was named a Grand Prix Legend by the FIM.[5]
Early life[edit]
Kenny Roberts' parents were Alice and Melton "Buster" Roberts.[6] As a child growing up in the rural agriculture area just off highway 132 near the West side vineyards of E & J Gallo Winery of Modesto, Roberts was originally interested in horseback riding.[7] He rode his first motorcycle at the age of 12 when a friend dared him to ride a mini bike. Roberts accepted the challenge and the experience thrilled him. He built his own motorcycle by attaching his father's lawn mower engine to a bicycle frame.[8] Roberts began his career in dirt track racing after attending a local race in Modesto and deciding that he wanted to compete himself. His father purchased a Tohatsu bike for him, but once it proved itself uncompetitive as a race bike, he moved up to a more powerful Hodaka motorcycle.[7]
Roberts showed a natural talent for dirt track racing and began winning local races. In 1968, his race results drew the attention of a local Suzuki dealer Bud Aksland, who offered to sponsor Roberts aboard a Suzuki motorcycle.[7] He made the decision to drop out of high school before his senior year to pursue a career in motorcycle racing.[9] Roberts was allowed to compete professionally when he turned 18, and on the day after his eighteenth birthday, he entered his first professional race at San Francisco's Cow Palace, finishing in fourth place.[10]
Racing history[edit]
A.M.A. Grand National Championship[edit]
Realizing that Roberts needed more help if his racing career was going to progress, Aksland introduced Roberts to airline pilot and amateur motorcycle racer Jim Doyle, who would become Roberts' personal manager.[11] In 1971, Doyle and Roberts approached Triumph's American distributor to ask about the possibility of a sponsored ride, but were told that Roberts was too small for one of their bikes.[11] They then turned to the American Yamaha importer's team, who agreed to make Roberts a factory sponsored rider at the age of 19.[11] Yamaha asked the head of their American racing program, former 250 cc world champion Kel Carruthers to help guide Roberts' racing career. It marked the beginning of a long and productive relationship between the two men.[12] Carruthers ended his riding career after the 1973 season to concentrate full-time on managing Roberts' and Yamaha's efforts in the A.M.A. Grand National Championship, a series which encompassed events in four distinctive dirt track disciplines plus road racing.[13]
In 1971, Roberts won the AMA Rookie of the Year Award.[14] In his first professional race as an expert class rider in 1972, Roberts rode to victory at the Grand National short-track race in the Houston Astrodome.[2] Roberts made a name for himself that year by battling the dominant Harley-Davidson factory dirt track team aboard an underpowered Yamaha XS 650 motorcycle, making up for his lack of horsepower with sheer determination.[15] He finished the season ranked fourth in the country. In 1973, in just his second season as an expert, Roberts won the national championship, amassing a record 2,014 points in the 25-race series.[3]
While Roberts had a natural talent for riding motorcycles on dirt surfaces, on paved road circuits, the motorcycle felt unsettled beneath him while negotiating a turn. During a race at the Ontario Motor Speedway, he observed Finnish rider Jarno Saarinen using a riding style where he shifted his body weight towards the inside of a turn.[16] Roberts tried the technique and found that it helped settle the motorcycle. He adopted the cornering style and exaggerated the body shift to a greater extent than Saarinen had by extending his knee out until it skimmed the track surface. With his new riding technique, Roberts began to excel in road race events. Yamaha motorcycles performed very well in road racing, where the Yamaha TZ750 was the dominant motorcycle of the era.[17]
In the 1974 Daytona 200, after early leader Gary Nixon retired, Roberts battled for the lead with former 500 cc world champion, Giacomo Agostini before an overheated engine forced him to settle for second place.[18] In April 1974, Roberts ventured to Europe for the first time to compete in the prestigious Imola 200 road race for 750 cc motorcycles. He made a positive impression competing against the best road racers in the world, once again finishing second to Agostini.[19] He then traveled to England with a team of American riders to compete against a British riding team in the 1974 Transatlantic Match races. The conventional wisdom at the time was that American riders, who competed mostly in dirt track races, could not race on asphalt at the same level as the British riders, who specialized in road racing events.[20] Roberts dispelled any such notions by winning three of the six races and finishing second in the remaining three races. Roberts was the top individual points scorer in the event with 93 points, five more than Barry Sheene, the top British rider.[21]
Roberts returned to compete in the 1974 Grand National championship and won his first national road race at Road Atlanta on June 2, 1974.[22] On August 18, Roberts won the Peoria TT race to complete a Grand Slam with victories in each of the five different events on the Grand National calendar.[3] He claimed his second consecutive Grand National championship, winning six races and surpassing his 1973 points record by scoring 2,286 points in the 23 race series, collecting points in all 23 races.[3] Roberts also entered his first world championship road racing event, winning the pole position before finishing third in the 1974 250 cc Dutch TT.[23]
Roberts continued his road racing successes in 1975, winning three out of four races in the 1975 Transatlantic Match races.[24] After having won the national championship in 1974, Roberts faced an increasingly difficult battle in dirt track races, as Harley-Davidson continued to improve their XR-750 dirt tracker while Yamaha struggled to maintain the pace.[14] Roberts made up for his bike's lack of power with an almost fearless, determined riding style.[25] He battled Harley-Davidson factory rider Gary Scott throughout the 1975 season but mechanical breakdowns hampered his title defense.[26] He had been leading the Daytona 200 when mechanical problems yielded the victory to his Yamaha teammate Gene Romero.[26] At the Ascot TT, Roberts battled from 17th place to take the lead before a broken sprocket ended his race.[26] Roberts' fearless riding style was highlighted at the Indy Mile Grand National. In a desperate effort to keep Scott within reach in the points chase, Yamaha wedged a Yamaha TZ750 two-stroke road racing engine inside a dirt track frame.[2] On a bike that was considered unrideable due to its excessive horsepower, Roberts came from behind on the two-stroke, and overtook the factory Harley-Davidson duo of Corky Keener and Jay Springsteen on the last lap for one of the most famous wins in American dirt track racing history.[27] Afterward, Roberts was famously quoted as saying, "They don't pay me enough to ride that thing".[28] Despite accomplishing another Grand Slam, this time in only one season, Roberts lost his crown, finishing second to Gary Scott in the 1975 national championship.[26]
Although Roberts won four Grand Nationals in 1976, he continued to experience mechanical misfortunes as well as a horsepower deficit to the Harley-Davidson motorcycles in the mile and half-mile dirt track events. He had been leading the Daytona 200 once again when tire troubles forced him to make a lengthy pit stop, and Johnny Cecotto went on to win the race.[29] He dropped to third in the national championship as Jay Springsteen claimed the title for the Harley-Davidson team.[30] He returned to England in April 1977, winning four out of six races at the 1977 Transatlantic Match races.[31] Roberts then travelled to Italy where he raced in the Imola 200, leaving no doubt he was capable of competing at the international level by winning both legs and setting a new track record.[32] He returned to the United States to compete in the Grand National championship where he won five of the six road races that made up the pavement portion of the series.[2][33] In the road race event at Sears Point, Roberts started the race at the back of the pack and passed the entire field within four laps to win the race.[34] Despite being in contention for much of the season, Roberts was unable to win any of the dirt track events and eventually finished the year in fourth place.
First American world champion[edit]
When it became apparent that Yamaha could not develop a dirt track motorcycle capable of competing with the dominant Harley-Davidson dirt track team, the American Yamaha importer, Yamaha USA, offered to send Roberts to Europe in 1978 to compete in the World Championship Grand Prix road racing series, along with Kel Carruthers to act as his mentor and crew chief.[35] Roberts also secured the financial backing of the Goodyear tire company.[35] The team planned to compete in the 250 cc world championship as well as the Formula 750 series in order to have more practice time to learn the tracks, but their main focus would be on the 500 cc class, considered the premier class at the time.[35] His main competition in the 500 cc world championship would come from Suzuki rider Barry Sheene, winner of the two previous titles. Roberts said that he was initially indifferent about competing in Europe, but when he read that Sheene had labeled him as"no threat", he made up his mind to compete.[35] Few observers gave Roberts any chance of winning the championship, citing the reasoning that it would take him at least one season to learn the European circuits.[35]
The motorcycle technology of the late 1970s featured engines with power in excess of what the frames and tires of the day could accommodate.[1] Roberts' riding style, bred on the dirt tracks of America, revolutionized road racing. Prior to his arrival in Europe, riders focused on attaining high entry speeds into corners, leaving braking until the last possible moment then, carving graceful arcs through the corners with both wheels in line.[1][36] Roberts did just the opposite, braking early then, quickly applying the throttle which resulted in the rear tire breaking traction and spinning.[1] The resulting tire spin caused the motorcycle to buck and shake as it continually lost then regained traction, creating a brutal, violent riding style that no one had ever seen before on the racetracks of Europe.[1] His riding style was reminiscent of dirt track riding, where sliding the rear tire to one side is used as a method to steer the motorcycle around a corner. Because of his early application of the throttle, he was able to attain top speed faster than his competitors.
The 1978 season started with Roberts winning the Daytona 200 in a dominating fashion.[35] After several near misses forced him to retire while leading the event, Roberts lapped the entire field en route to his first Daytona victory.[37] He then won a rain-shortened Imola 200 race and was the second highest individual scorer behind Pat Hennen at the 1978 Transatlantic Match races.[38][39] The 1978 world championship chase did not start well for Roberts at the season-opening round in Venezuela.
Although Roberts won the 250 cc Grand Prix, Sheene claimed the victory in the 500 cc Venezuelan Grand Prix while Roberts' Yamaha suffered a mechanical failure on the starting line.[40] In the second round at the Spanish Grand Prix, Roberts was leading the race by eight seconds when his throttle stuck, forcing him to settle for second place behind fellow American Pat Hennen.[40] Roberts then won his first-ever 500 cc Grand Prix with a win in Austria, quickly followed by two more victories in France and Italy, along with two second-place finishes in the Netherlands and Belgium.[23] At the 1978 Swedish Grand Prix, Roberts crashed during practice for the 250 cc race, sustaining a concussion and a thumb injury.[41] Shaken up by the accident, he could do no better than seventh place in the 500 cc race.[41] Sheene had come down with a debilitating virus at the Venezuelan round, but a string of podium finishes and a victory at the Swedish Grand Prix combined with Roberts' failure to score any points in the Finnish Grand Prix, allowed him to close the points gap.[23]
The two championship contenders arrived in England for the British Grand Prix with only three points separating them.[41] The race ended in controversy when torrential rains during the race, along with pit stops for tire changes by both Roberts and Sheene, created confusion among official scorers.[42] Eventually, Roberts was declared the winner with Sheene being awarded third place behind privateer Steve Manship, who did not stop for a tire change.[43][44] In the final race of the season at the daunting, 14.2 miles (22.9 km) long Nürburgring racetrack in Germany, Roberts finished in third place, ahead of Sheene in fourth place to claim the first world championship for an American rider in Grand Prix road racing history.[23] He also scored four victories to finish second behind Johnny Cecotto in the Formula 750 world championship, and won two races to finish fourth in the 250 cc world championship.[23][45]
The rebel leader[edit]
The 1979 season began disastrously for Roberts when he suffered career-threatening back injuries and a ruptured spleen in a pre-season crash while testing a motorcycle in Japan.[46] His injuries caused him to miss the season opening Grand Prix in Venezuela, but he completed an impressive recovery by winning the second round in Austria, followed by a second place in Germany, and another victory in Italy.[23] Controversy again surrounded Roberts at the Spanish Grand Prix when Spanish race organisers, knowing that Roberts had to race to maintain his points lead, refused to pay him starting money as guaranteed by FIM regulations.[47] An angered Roberts proceeded to win the race, and then refused to accept the winner's trophy.[47] The FIM initially suspended the championship points leader for his actions, but the suspension was later reduced to probation.[48]
Further controversy ensued at the Belgian Grand Prix at the Spa circuit. The circuit had been paved just days before the race, creating a track that many of the racers felt was unsafe due to diesel fuel seeping to the surface.[48] Roberts and the new championship points leader, Virginio Ferrari, instigated a riders' revolt and refused to race. Once again, the FIM responded by suspending Roberts and Ferrari.[49] The FIM later reduced this to another probation.[48] The event highlighted the animosity between Roberts and the FIM concerning track safety. Roberts further irritated the FIM when he began talking to the press about forming a rival racing series to compete against the FIM's monopoly.[49]
The series then moved on to Britain, where Roberts would be involved in one of the closest races in Grand Prix history.[50] Roberts' battle with Sheene at the 1979 British Grand Prix at Silverstone has been cited as one of the greatest races of the 1970s.[51] Minutes before the start of the race, Roberts' Yamaha blew a seal and sprayed the bike with oil.[51] His crew managed to replace the seal in time, but Roberts went to the starting line with his gloves coated with oil, causing his hand to slip on the throttle during the race.[51] The race began with Roberts, Sheene and Dutch rider Wil Hartog breaking away from the rest of the field of riders. Hartog eventually fell behind as Roberts and Sheene continued to battle for the lead. The event featured numerous lead changes throughout the 28 lap race, with Roberts winning ahead of Sheene by a narrow margin of just three-tenths of a second.[50] A third-place finish in the season-ending French Grand Prix, along with a crash by his main championship rival Ferrari, secured his second consecutive world championship.[52]
In December 1979, Roberts made good on his threats when he, along with the other top world championship riders, released a letter to the press announcing their intention to break away from the FIM and create a rival race series called the World Series.[53] When Roberts first arrived on the Grand Prix scene, motorcycle racers were competing for as little prize money as $200, at venues such as Imatra in Finland that featured railroad crossings and hay bales wrapped around telephone poles.[1] In 1956, the reigning 500 cc world champion, Geoff Duke and thirteen other riders were given six-month suspensions for merely threatening to strike.[54] Roberts adopted a confrontational, sometimes belligerent stance with race promoters, challenging the previously accepted poor treatment that motorcycle racers of the day were accustomed to receiving.[1] Although the competing series failed to take off due to difficulties in securing enough venues, it forced the FIM to take the riders' demands seriously and make changes regarding their safety.[1][4] During the 1979 FIM Congress, new rules were passed increasing prize money substantially and in subsequent years, stricter safety regulations were imposed on race organizers.[1]
A third world championship[edit]
In February 1980, Roberts made a remarkable return to the American Grand National Championship for two races at the season opening Houston TT and short-track events held in the Houston Astrodome over two evenings. After more than a year away from dirt track competitions, Roberts won the Houston TT race to tie Bart Markel's career record of 28 Grand National victories.[55][56] He followed that the next evening with a third place in the Houston short-track national.[56] Returning to England once again for the 1980 Transatlantic Match races, Roberts was once again the top individual points scorer as he led the American team to victory over the British.[57]
For the 1980 Grand Prix season, the Yamaha factory made the Yamaha USA team of Roberts and Carruthers the de facto factory racing team.[12] The season got underway two months late due to cancellation of Austrian and Venezuelan rounds.[1] Barry Sheene had been replaced by Randy Mamola as the top Suzuki rider as, Sheene had been dissatisfied with the Suzuki's efforts and had turned to a privateer Yamaha team.[1] Roberts won the first three races as the Suzuki team appeared to be in disarray, but by the third race, the Suzukis of Mamola and Marco Lucchinelli were making things more difficult for Roberts.[23] Roberts' Yamaha suffered a deflating front tire and a faulty rear shock absorber in the Netherlands forcing him to pull out of the race, but his main championship rivals also suffered setbacks with Cecotto, Ferrari and Hartog all missing races due to injuries and Sheene suffering mechanical breakdowns.[1] Suzuki riders went on to win the last four races, but Roberts had built up a sufficient point lead to hold on and clinch his third consecutive 500 cc world championship.[23]
A reversal of fortune[edit]
In 1981, Yamaha introduced a new square-four cylinder bike, similar to Suzuki's RG500.[1] Roberts raced to a second-place finish behind Marco Luchinelli at the non-championship Imola 200 race.[58] Roberts' bike had a suspension failure in the Grand Prix season opener at Austria, but he rebounded to win the next two races in Germany and Italy.[23] Roberts' title hopes suffered a setback at the Dutch TT at Assen when his Yamaha's front brake pads were installed incorrectly causing his front wheel to lock up on the starting line, ending his race before it had started.[59] He came back to score a second place behind Lucchinelli in Belgium, but was once again struck by misfortune when a bad case of food poisoning forced him to miss the San Marino Grand Prix.[59] He then narrowly lost the British Grand Prix to Jack Middelburg by three-tenths of a second before ending his season with a seventh place in Finland and a retirement in Sweden.[23] Suzuki team riders Mamola and Lucchinelli battled to the final race of the season before the Italian claimed the championship with a total of five Grand Prix victories, with Mamola finishing in second and Roberts in third place.[23]
Roberts switched to Dunlop tires for the 1982 season, as Goodyear pulled out of motorcycle racing.[1] New competition had arrived as Honda entered their new two-stroke NS500 ridden by defending champion Lucchinelli, former 350 cc world champion, Takazumi Katayama and newcomer Freddie Spencer.[1] Roberts won the season-opening round in Argentina on the old square-four Yamaha, but then switched to the new OW61 YZR500 V4 engined bike.[1] He came in third at the Austrian Grand Prix then, sat out the French Grand Prix at Nogaro as he and the other top riders boycotted the race over unsafe track conditions.[1] Roberts then won the Spanish Grand Prix at Jarama ahead of Sheene, and scored a second place behind Suzuki rider Franco Uncini in the Netherlands.[23] In a portent of things to come, Roberts was leading the Belgian Grand Prix when his Dunlop tires lost their grip and he had to settle for fourth place as Spencer went on to win his first Grand Prix for Honda.[60] Roberts then injured his knee and finger at the British Grand Prix and had to miss the Swedish round, but by then the world championship had been claimed by Uncini with a total of five victories while Roberts fell to fourth place.[23][61] By the end of the 1982 season, Roberts had won sixteen 500 cc Grand Prix races, more than double that of any of his contemporaries.[15]
Roberts versus Spencer[edit]
Roberts announced that the 1983 season would be his final year in Grand Prix competition.[1] Yamaha team manager Giacomo Agostini had been unable to agree on a contract with rider Graeme Crosby, so AMA Superbike champion Eddie Lawson was brought in as Roberts' new teammate.[1] The 1983 battle for the championship between Roberts and Honda's Spencer would be considered one of the greatest seasons in motorcycle Grand Prix history, along with the 1967 500 cc duel between Mike Hailwood and Giacomo Agostini.[62] Roberts began the season with his YZR500 having problems with overheating and rear suspension, while Spencer started strongly, winning the first three races and five out of the first seven.[1] Roberts was leading the second race in France, when his Yamaha split an expansion chamber causing it to lose power as Spencer won, with Roberts falling to fourth place.[63] In Round 3 at Monza, Roberts crashed while leading Spencer three laps from the finish.[63] Roberts came back to win the German Grand Prix, but then finished second to Spencer in Spain in a race Spencer called one of the toughest of his career.[63] Things began to go Roberts' way at the Austrian Grand Prix as Roberts won while Spencer's Honda suffered a crankshaft failure.[63] In the Yugoslavian Grand Prix, Roberts' Yamaha failed to start immediately, while Spencer charged to an early lead, leaving Roberts to fight through the field to finish in fourth place.[63] Roberts then went on a three-race winning streak with victories in the Netherlands, Belgium and England, while Spencer stayed close with a third place and two second-place finishes.[23]
The championship then moved to the penultimate round at the Swedish Grand Prix with Spencer holding a two-point lead over Roberts. Roberts led Spencer going into the last lap of the race. Heading down the back straight, Spencer placed his Honda right behind Roberts' Yamaha as they reached the second to the last corner, a ninety degree right-hander. As both riders applied their brakes, Spencer came out of Roberts' slipstream and managed to get inside of the Yamaha. As they exited the corner, both riders ran wide off the track and into the dirt.[64] Spencer was able to get back on the track and back on the power first, crossing the finish line just ahead of Roberts for a crucial victory.[65] Roberts considered Spencer's pass to be foolish and dangerous, and exchanged angry words with him on the podium.[64] Roberts would have to win the final round at the San Marino Grand Prix with Spencer finishing no better than third place in order for Roberts to win his fourth world championship. In a fitting end to a great career, Roberts won his last-ever Grand Prix race, however Spencer was able to secure second place to claim the world championship.[23] The two riders dominated the season with each claiming six victories in the 12 race series.
Roberts continued to ride in selected events in 1984. In March, he battled Spencer to win his second consecutive Daytona 200 and third win overall.[66] In July, Roberts won the first leg of the Laguna Seca 200, then finished second to Randy Mamola in the second leg, as Mamola was declared the winner based on aggregate times.[67] In September 1985, he appeared at the Springfield Mile Grand National dirt track race riding a Mert Lawwill-prepared Harley-Davidson XR750, but failed to make the final.[68]
In July 1985, Roberts won the pole position at the prestigious Suzuka 8 Hours endurance race, held in Japan.[69] Teamed with Tadahiko Taira, the duo were leading the race until the final hour, when mechanical problems dropped them back to seventeenth place.[70] Roberts returned to compete in the 1986 Suzuka 8 Hours, this time teaming up with American Mike Baldwin. He qualified second behind Wayne Gardner, but failed to finish the race.[71]
Career statistics[edit]
In a 13-year professional racing career, Roberts won two Grand National Championships and three 500 cc world championships including 32 Grand Nationals and 24 Grand Prix road races.[14][23] He also won the Daytona 200 three times and was a six-time winner of the Laguna Seca 200.[72][73] He was the second AMA rider after Dick Mann to accomplish the Grand Slam of winning all five events of the Grand National Championship.
Race team manager and owner[edit]
After his Grand Prix racing career ended in 1983, Roberts briefly considered an auto racing career before deciding to field a Grand Prix team.[2] In 1984, he entered a team into the 250 cc world championship with riders Wayne Rainey and Alan Carter using Yamaha bikes. In 1986 he moved up to the 500 cc world championship with riders Randy Mamola and Mike Baldwin. After returning to the United States to compete in the AMA Superbike championship, Wayne Rainey re-joined the team in 1988, finishing in third place in his inaugural 500 cc season then, improving to second place behind Eddie Lawson in 1989. In 1990, Roberts secured the financial support of the Marlboro cigarette company, and his team became the official Yamaha factory racing team. Rainey and John Kocinski won the 500 cc and 250 cc world championships in 1990, making Roberts the most successful team manager in Grand Prix racing at the time. Rainey went on to win three consecutive 500 cc world championships for Roberts' team.[2] After Rainey was left paralyzed in a crash at the 1993 Italian Grand Prix, the Roberts team continued racing with Luca Cadalora as their main rider, but struggled during a period dominated by Honda and their rider, Mick Doohan.
In 1997, Roberts stunned the racing world when he left Yamaha after more than 25 years to start his own motorcycle company.[2] Roberts had grown weary of battling over the direction he felt the Yamaha team needed to pursue.[74] Basing his new company in England to take advantage of the Formula 1 industry, Roberts built a three-cylinder, two-stroke engine with the engineering assistance of Tom Walkinshaw Racing.[74] He decided to take advantage of rules allowing lighter weights for three-cylinder motorcycles after observing the agility and handling advantage of Spencer's Honda NS500 during the 1983 season.[74] Unfortunately, by the time the motorcycle had been developed, tire technology had improved to the point where any advantage over four-cylinder bikes had been negated. The motorcycle did manage to win a pole position with rider Jeremy McWilliams taking the top qualifying position at the 2002 Australian Grand Prix against the new breed of 990 cc four-stroke MotoGP motorcycles.[75]
With the introduction of the MotoGP class in 2002, Roberts' team developed a five-cylinder bike called the KR5.[76] The team was originally well-funded by Proton of Malaysia, but by the middle of the 2004 season, it became apparent that the Roberts team was not able to field an engine capable of competing with the dominant Japanese factories.[77] Roberts turned to the KTM factory to provide engines for the 2005 season, however after ten races KTM abruptly withdrew their support on the eve of the Czech Republic Grand Prix, forcing the team to miss several races.[78] Honda stepped in to help Roberts' team for the 2006 season by providing five-cylinder engines, as Robert's son, Kenny Roberts, Jr., rode the Team Roberts KR211V bike to a sixth place in the championship including two podium results.[79][80] The 2007 season saw the introduction of a new MotoGP engine formula using 800 cc four-stroke engines. Roberts would once again secure engines from Honda for the Team Roberts KR212V race bike, but the results were not as hoped, and funding for the team faded. After the 2007 season, Roberts pulled out of MotoGP competition due to the lack of sponsorship.[81][82]
Roberts' riding style in which he forced the motorcycle's rear wheel to break traction to steer around a corner, essentially riding on paved surfaces as if they were dirt tracks, changed the way Grand Prix motorcycles were ridden.[1] From 1983 to 1999, every 500 cc world championship was won by a rider with a dirt track racing background.[36] Roberts' cornering method of hanging off the motorcycles with his knee extended forced him to use duct tape as knee pads, and eventually led to the introduction of purpose-built knee pucks used by all motorcycle road racers today. His battles with the Grand Prix establishment eventually led to the adoption of stricter safety standards for Grand Prix race organizers.[4] He was one of the first riders to challenge the FIM over the way they treated competitors and helped improve prize money as well as the professionalism of the sport. It was not until Roberts planned his rival race series in 1980 that the FIM was forced to change the way in which they dealt with motorcycle racers.
Throughout his career, Roberts has been a strong proponent of raising the image of motorcycle racing among the general public. During his riding career, he made a point of returning to the United States during the mid-season break in the Grand Prix calendar to race in the Laguna Seca 200 as a way to increase the profile of the event in order for it to gain Grand Prix status.[83] The race eventually attained Grand Prix status in 1988 and in 1993, Roberts took on the role of promoter, providing financial backing for the 1993 United States Grand Prix.[84] In the 1990s when Grand Prix racing faced diminishing numbers of competitors due to increasing costs, Roberts demanded that Yamaha provide engines to privateer teams in order to bolster the number of racers.[81]
Roberts' son, Kenny Roberts, Jr., won the 2000 500 cc World Championship, making them the only father and son duo to have won the title. Ironically, Roberts has stated that he considers himself a dirt tracker at heart and only took up road racing because it was necessary to do so if a rider was going to compete for the Grand National championship.[11] He also said that he would have preferred to remain in the United States to compete in the Grand National championship if Yamaha or another manufacturer had been able to construct a dirt track racer capable of competing with Harley-Davidson.[1]
- Inducted into the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 1990.[85]
- Inducted into the International Motorsports Hall of Fame in 1992.[86]
- Inducted into the AMA Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 1998.[2]
- The FIM named him a Grand Prix "Legend" in 2000.[5]
Motorcycle Grand Prix results [23][edit]
Position | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
Points | 15 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Year | Class | Team | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | Points | Rank | Wins |
1974 | 250 cc | Yamaha | GER - |
10 | 19th | 0 | |||
1978 | 250 cc | Yamaha | VEN 1 |
54 | 4th | 2 | |
500 cc | Yamaha | VEN - |
110 | 1st | 4 | |||
1979 | 500 cc | Yamaha | VEN - |
113 | 1st | 5 | |
1980 | 500 cc | Yamaha | NAT 1 |
87 | 1st | 3 | |||||
1981 | 500 cc | Yamaha | AUT DNF |
74 | 3rd | 2 | ||
1982 | 500 cc | Yamaha | ARG 1 |
68 | 4th | 2 | |
1983 | 500 cc | Yamaha | RSA 2 |
142 | 2nd | 6 |
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Dennis, Noyes; Scott, Michael (1999), Motocourse: 50 Years Of Moto Grand Prix, Hazleton Publishing Ltd, ISBN 1-874557-83-7
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Kenny Roberts at the Motorcycle Hall of Fame". motorcyclemuseum.org. Retrieved 15 December 2010.
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- ^ a b c "Interview Buster Roberts". superbikeplanet.com. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
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- ^ a b Parade Lap. American Motorcyclist. Books.Google.com. August 1979. Retrieved 15 December 2010.
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- ^ "A Doodle Dandy Of A Dogfight". sportsillustrated.com. 1 August 1983. Retrieved 15 December 2010.
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- ^ "Roberts rides Yamaha to Laguna Seca victory". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Associated Press. 12 July 1982. p. 7. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
- ^ a b c "King Kenny has high hopes for Malaysian-backed superbike". New Straits Times. 20 May 1997. p. 1. Retrieved 19 December 2010.
- ^ "Jeremy McWilliams MotoGP statistics". motogp.com. Retrieved 19 December 2010.
- ^ James, Gary (26 March 2003). "Roberts unveils British-made bike to tackle grand prix". London: independent.co.uk. Retrieved 17 December 2010.
- ^ James, Gary (23 July 2004). "Roberts predicts tough ride for Proton Donington will be a disaster for Proton". London: independent.co.uk. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
- ^ "Roberts in the dark as KTM cuts the power". smh.com.au/news/motorsport. 23 August 2005. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
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- ^ "Kenny Roberts Jr. statistics". motogp.com. Retrieved 27 December 2010.
- ^ a b "The Gaping Void: Team Roberts Absent From MotoGP". superbikeplanet.com. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
- ^ "Casey Stoner wins first MotoGP race under lights". f1network.net. Retrieved 19 December 2010.
- ^ "Roberts goes for 7th win". Modesto Bee. Bee News Services. 15 July 1983. p. 3. Retrieved 22 December 2010.
- ^ USGP returns to Laguna Seca. American Motorcyclist. Books.Google.com. February 1993. Retrieved 15 December 2010.
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- ^ "Kenny Roberts at the International Motorsports Hall of Fame". motorsportshalloffame.com. Retrieved 15 December 2010.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kenny Roberts. |
- Team Roberts official site for the MotoGP team
- Kenny Roberts at the Motorcycle Hall of Fame
- Kenny Roberts' Yamaha TZ750 dirt track motorcycle at the A.M.A. Motorcycle Hall of Fame
- Kenny Roberts' Swan Song?, by Dave Despain, American Motorcyclist Magazine, July 1984
- A Thriller At Silverstone – Sports Illustrated, August 20, 1979
- 1979 British Grand Prix on YouTube Part 1
- 1979 British Grand Prix on YouTube Part 2
- 1979 British Grand Prix on YouTube Part 3
- 1979 British Grand Prix on YouTube Part 4
Preceded by Barry Sheene |
500 cc Motorcycle World Champion 1978–1980 |
Succeeded by Marco Lucchinelli |
- American motorcycle racers
- 250cc World Championship riders
- 500cc World Championship riders
- International Motorsports Hall of Fame inductees
- Sportspeople from Modesto, California
- 1951 births
- Living people
- Motorcycle Hall of Fame inductees
- Motorsports Hall of Fame of America inductees
- Motorcycle racing team owners


text:
- Artist
- Cindy Sherman born 1954
- Part of
- Bus Riders
- Medium
- Photograph, gelatin silver print on paper
- Dimensions
- Image: 189 x 127 mm
- Collection
- Tate
- Acquisition
- Purchased with funds provided by the American Fund for the Tate Gallery 2001
- Reference
Not on display
Bus Riders is a series of fifteen black and white photographs Sherman produced shortly after graduating from the State University College at Buffalo, New York, where she studied art (1972-6). They were not publically exhibited until the artist had them reprinted in late 2000 for an exhibition at Glen Horowitz Booksellers at East Hampton, New York, together with another series from the same period, Murder Mystery People (1976/2000). Both series were reprinted in editions of twenty. Bus Riders and Murder Mystery People provide an important bridge between a series Sherman created as a student, Untitled A, B, C and D 1975 (Tate P11437-40), and her first major work, the Untitled Film Stills 1977-80 (Tate P11516-9). Like these other early series, Bus Riders may be seen as an exploration of portraiture and the mechanics of its staging.
As is indicated by the title, the characters enacted by Sherman in Bus Riders were based on people she had observed on the bus. One of them is male; three are androgynous in appearance; five of them are black. While male characters also appear in Untitled A-D and Murder Mystery People (as well as in such later series as the History Portraits 1988-90), Sherman has not portrayed black characters in any other work. In each of the fifteen photographs the artist appears in a different outfit, wearing wigs, glasses and make-up according to the character being staged. Such props as a cigarette, a make-up mirror, a briefcase, a bulging paper bag or a book provide additional elements to the possible narratives evoked by each bus rider. All but one of the characters are seated, usually facing towards the camera, like people riding in a bus. In the last image Sherman stands, holding onto an imaginary rail above her. She used two different chairs and a high stool for variation. As in her earlier Untitled A-D series, the artist has allowed the theatricality of the characterisations to remain evident. The cable and sometimes the pump of her camera's shutter release, set off by the pressure of her foot, are plainly visible on the floor. In several of the images shoes from a previous characterisation have been left casually on the floor near the chair and appear at the edge of the frame. An anonymous leg and shoe protrude, unaccountably, into the frame of the second image, suggesting that the artist was not working alone. Two parallel lines of masking tape on the floor-boards, presumably marking the intended limits of the bus rider's position, provide further theatrical references. The photographs were clearly shot in a studio, against a white wall on which the shadow of each character reinforces the staged quality of the images. White toes peeping out of the front of open-toed shoes, below the blacked-out legs of one 'black' woman (number six in the series), add a comic edge to the pathos of this particular character.
The characters in Bus Riders, originating from an ordinary, everyday activity, have an ordinary, everyday appearance. After producing many series of portraits which are far more extreme in their theatricality, Sherman returned to a staging of 'everyday' characters with her 'West' and 'East coast'-type women in 2000.
Further reading:
Amanda Cruz, Elizabeth A.T. Smith, Amelia Jones, Cindy Sherman: Retrospective, exhibition catalogue, Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago and The Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles 1997
Monique Beudert, Sean Rainbird, Contemporary Art: The Janet Wolfson de Botton Gift, exhibition catalogue, Tate Gallery, London 1998
Early Work of Cindy Sherman, exhibition catalogue, Glenn Horowitz Bookseller, East Hampton, New York 2000, reproduced [pp.5-19]
Elizabeth Manchester
October 2001
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text:
Skip to main content
Find out how Seth Rollins' knee is holding up as he trains for his Non-Sanctioned Match against Triple H at WrestleMania 33.
The Raw Women's Champion meets a young admirer at the Florida Hospital for Children who plans to challenge Bayley for the title someday.
With WrestleMania 33 only days away, the Raw Women's Champion begins her final preparations for her big match.
The Olympic Gold Medalist offers some insight into his state of mind as his WWE Hall of Fame induction nears.
Raw Women's Champion Bayley returns to the place where she learned the ropes, the WWE Performance Center, and greets some old friends.


text:
I made a complete walkthrough for the game here on youtube:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=01z1HoBYN94I also made a playlist on my channel for it, for easy navigation.This game was really hard on some levels, if these walkthrough videos helped you, or you just enjoyed watching them, please like the video of it.When the new Level Pack-Expansion will be released,please come back here for the walkthrough of it, ill do it asap and ill update by reply this thread so you can get the link!But alternatively please subscribe to my channel to see it when its released and for more info and walkthroughs for other games as well.
FIRE FIELDS WALKTHROUGH COMPLETE!I completed the walkthrough for this level pack, its right here on youtube.Crush the castle adventures FIRE FIELDS walkthroughMy youtube channel is new, if you enjoyed the video pleas like it, it is very encouraging! Thanks, have fun (^_^)
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For a race against time... The Campagnolo Bora Ultra 2 DL Tubular Wheelset is the must-have for specialised professional use and those looking for that extra competitive edge. These wheels have been conceived for those looking for the maximum aerodynamic performance. CULT Technology. Dark Label colour, Supplied with brake pads and wheel bags, Front wheel weight: 565g, Rear wheel weight: 745g, Carbon hub bodies, Special brake pads, Monolithic FW body, 4x15 balls 5/32 stainless steel. Critical in this context is the imposing 50 mm rim with a wing profile calculated on the basis of the dictates of fluid physics. High performance is also obtained from the hubs, made of structural carbon fibre with variable sections and spherical surfaces with Record class mechanics. Plus, Campags exclusive CULT technology is taking the extraordinary performance of Bora another step higher. The dynamic balance that stabilises Bora Ultra Two wheels at high speed is now provided by the newly designed distribution of carbon fibre on the side opposite the valve instead of oversized spokes. This results in better aerodynamic penetration, less weight and improved aesthetics.
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text:
Monday, 29 December 2008
Karate Kicks
Boxing day did see me venture to the sales as soon as the doors opened, although I managed to pick up a few key jewellery finds - such as a beautiful pair of chunky hooped earrings from All Saints - I was less than impressed with the sales and left with a disappointedly low number of shopping bags. My brothers on the other hand did the opposite - I think that the sales were definitely better for menswear, in design and a distinct lack of shopping competition, as my boyfriend found out when I came back laden with post-Christmas gifts.
I had planned on seeing in the New Year with a new wardrobe, however when you're on a credit crunching budget like me, a wardrobe sort out is more likely. Hopefully it will unearth some beautiful finds that I'd forgotten all about – I particularly desire a vintage brown, aged, leather handbag the size of a weekend bag, hopefully I'll find one lurking at the back of wardrobe. This would be incredibly useful as where else I am supposed to keep my winter goodies such as lipgloss, hand cream, hat, gloves, scarf, tissues, extra socks, cardigan…I think you've got the picture.
Thankfully this year I won't have to fret about a New Year's Eve outfit in the conventional sense as I'm going to a fancy dress party with an 'MTV' theme. Now before anybody cracks any Britney MTV comeback gags - I'm thinking about going in a Lily Allen get up with full-on pink prom dress, trainers, bling and a karate kick for any paparazzi that get in my face, keep posted for images. Let me know if anyone spots my current desire; a vintage brown, leather handbag.
Britney Spears,
January sales,
Lily Allen,
New Year's Eve
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Robert Alton Harris was an American career criminal and murderer who was executed in San Quentin's gas chamber in 1992. This marked the first execution in the state of California since 1967. Harris had killed two teenage boys in 1978. Harris' execution is specifically remembered for his peculiar choice of final words : "You can be a king or a street sweeper, but everyone dances with the grim reaper." This was a reference to the film Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey, released in 1991.
Harris was born when his abusive father came home and began kicking his mother while she was bathing his sister, claiming she was pregnant by someone else, sending her into premature labor.
More on Wikipedia…
(2 quotes found)
"You can be a king or a street sweeper, but everybody dances with the Grim Reaper."
Robert Alton Harris
"but everybody dances with the Grim Reaper."


text:
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17th October 2003, 08:47 PM | #1 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Dec 2002
Location: West London
Staircase generator Schematics
Hi ,
I'm working on a curve tracer/matcher for power valves using the X/Y inputs of a scope , but just run into problems ! The circuit uses full wave rectified (unsmoothed) DC and at present I've been using a 4017 decade counter / potential divider / diode matrix staircase generator to provide the grid bias . Clocking is derived from the 100Hz HT via 470k resistor with zener clamp on the clock pin . Seems to work ok testing a 12AU7 down to -8v in 1 volt steps but those crappy 4017s always seem to go 'funny' on some output pins at times (I've run into this problem before with some 4017's in nixie tube clocks) . It draws curves nicely (when it works that is!) but I really need to find a more suitable solution to the staircase generator design . Anyone have any ideas or point me to schematics on the web ? I may require a design for generating up to -150V in 10V steps so if anyone has any ideas on any high voltage op-amps I'd appreciate it (logic/digital is not my strong point , only used to dealing with 5 legged devices usually :-triodes ) Thanks ! 316a |
17th October 2003, 11:49 PM | #2 |
diyAudio Moderator Emeritus
Join Date: Jun 2002
Location: U.K.
Sample & hold
It's not too difficult to make a staircase generator with valves:
1 Clip your sinewave to produce a squarewave 2 Differentiate 3 By clamping or rectifying, use the positive tips to cause a valve to conduct 4 Arrange the valve to be in series with a resistor such that it becomes a switched current source/sink 5 Use the current source to charge a capacitor (low leakage type) 6 Feed the capacitor charge directly into the grid of a cathode follower A stairstep will appear on the CF's output. You will need a reset circut also. This is easily done by sensing the stairstep level and dumping the cap charge. The cap is best to be in the cathode circuit, for ease of dumping. OK so I'm mad but there are less actual elements in my circuit that in a semiconductor equivalent. Also you can use "real" voltages... |
18th October 2003, 09:02 AM | #3 | |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Dec 2002
Location: West London
Re: Sample & hold
This sounds ten times more complicated than what I had planned . How is this triggered ? I'm triggering at present using a simple zener diode clamp which works perfectly driving the clock pin of the 4017 counter . Got a suggested schematic ? I was expecting a reply regarding using a DAC driven by a binary counter to generate the staircase but I think I'll end up using a simple pot for testing power valves unless someone has a simple way of doing this . I don't really want to spend more than a few hours developing this idea : it's only for matching triode strapped PL509 which I can't fully test on the AVO 316a |
18th October 2003, 11:14 AM | #4 |
diyAudio Moderator Emeritus
Join Date: Jun 2002
Location: U.K.
I don't know if this is readable.
SS is probably easier! |
18th October 2003, 11:27 AM | #5 |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jun 2002
Location: Melbourne, Australia
how about a 4020 ripple counter with it's first 8 (or whatever) outputs driving an R2R d/a converter. A web search will find the details.
Either that, or have the ripple counter outputs controlling relays that source 1,2,4,8 etc volts in some kind of series adding setup.
Best-ever T/S parameter spreadsheet. http://www.diyaudio.com/forums/multi...tml#post353269 |
18th October 2003, 11:47 AM | #6 | |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Dec 2002
Location: West London
Already tried a 4017 which is a ten stager using a resistor ladder . The problem with relays is that I need to switch at 50Hz 316a |
18th October 2003, 12:03 PM | #7 | |
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Dec 2002
Location: West London
John , Thanks , I get the general idea . I may try an adaptation After plotting a curve for a pl509 at -80V 300V I get the feeling that a cuve tracer may take it's toll on the valves as they're high gm . I've now added a stack of 25-0-25V transformers and can switch between different anode sweep voltages . Very interesting , at 0V the curves really do go straight . taking a few traces and placing a ruler on the 'scope and I'm getting Ra of about approx 400 ohms and mu of 4 at 300V . Like a WWII radar operator I'm drawing the lines on the scope screen then testing another valve !(must add more sockets and a switch!) The good thing is that these valves seem quite consistant (Tungsrams) and at £3 a throw I'll easily be able to make up a matched set for the next amp 316a |
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text:
Bison Dele
Personal information | |||||||||||||
Born | Fresno, California |
April 6, 1969||||||||||||
Died | presumed dead on July 7, 2002 (aged 33) Tahiti, French Polynesia |
Nationality | American | ||||||||||||
Listed height | 6 ft 11 in (2.11 m) | ||||||||||||
Listed weight | 260 lb (118 kg) | ||||||||||||
Career information | |||||||||||||
High school | Saint Monica Catholic (Santa Monica, California) |
College | |||||||||||||
NBA draft | 1991 / Round: 1 / Pick: 10th overall | ||||||||||||
Selected by the Orlando Magic | |||||||||||||
Playing career | 1991–1999 | ||||||||||||
Position | Center | ||||||||||||
Number | 8, 18 | ||||||||||||
Career history | |||||||||||||
1991–1993 | Orlando Magic | ||||||||||||
1993–1995 | Denver Nuggets | ||||||||||||
1995–1996 | Los Angeles Clippers | ||||||||||||
1997 | Chicago Bulls | ||||||||||||
1997–1999 | Detroit Pistons | ||||||||||||
Career highlights and awards | |||||||||||||
Career statistics | |||||||||||||
Points | 4,536 (11.0 ppg) | ||||||||||||
Rebounds | 2,564 (6.2 rpg) | ||||||||||||
Blocks | 355 (0.9 bpg) | ||||||||||||
Stats at Basketball-Reference.com | |||||||||||||
Bison Dele (born Brian Carson Williams; April 6, 1969 – presumed dead July 7, 2002) was an American professional basketball player who played center. He played for the NBA's Orlando Magic, Denver Nuggets, Los Angeles Clippers, Chicago Bulls and Detroit Pistons. He won a championship with the Bulls in 1997. He is believed to have been murdered at sea by his older brother in 2002.[1]
Basketball career
Brian Williams was born in Fresno, California, the second son of Patricia Phillips and of singer Eugene "Geno" Williams Jr. of the musical group The Platters, who later divorced.[2] Patricia Phillips remarried and raised her two sons in Fresno until that marriage ended when Brian was in junior high.[3] He attended Saint Monica Catholic High School in Santa Monica, California, where his jersey is retired.[4] He was a great track and field runner, until a high school growth spurt pushed him towards basketball.[2][3] His collegiate basketball career began at the University of Maryland, where he played for one year before sitting out the next season while transferring to the University of Arizona. After playing for two seasons at Arizona, he was drafted in the first round of the 1991 NBA Draft by the Orlando Magic. He saw limited action during two seasons in Orlando.
After playing for Orlando, Williams joined the Denver Nuggets, for whom he played for two seasons. In 1993-94, he played a career-high 80 games and averaged 8.0 points per game. He subsequently played one year for the Los Angeles Clippers, earning increased playing time and averaging 15.8 points per game. Due to a contract dispute and reports that Williams' asking price was too high, he could not find a team at the beginning of the 1996-97 season. He was then signed by the Chicago Bulls nine games before the end of the season and became an important backup player in the Bulls' run to their fifth championship. He finished his career with two seasons with the Detroit Pistons, where he set career highs of 16.2 points and 8.9 rebounds per game in 1997-98.
In 1998, he changed his name to Bison Dele to honor his Native American (Cherokee)[5] and African ancestry, and played his final season under that name.
Dele, who was known for his eccentric behavior, suddenly retired from the NBA in an equally perplexing fashion. He retired before the start of the 1999-2000 season at age 30, when he was still in the prime of his career. He had been the Pistons' highest-paid player, but had strained relationships with the organization and decided to walk away from the remaining five years and US$36.45 million on his contract rather than be traded.[6] It has also been theorized he had never been especially passionate about playing basketball and felt he had earned enough money to allow him to walk away from the pro game and lifestyle.[2]
Dele reportedly dated Madonna at one point in his career.[1][7] He played the saxophone, violin and trumpet, enjoyed adventure travel, and earned a pilot's licence. After his retirement he spent long periods travelling Lebanon, the Mediterranean, and in Australia's Outback before learning to sail and purchasing a catamaran to sail the south Pacific Ocean.[3]
Disappearance in the South Pacific
On 6 July 2002 Dele and his girlfriend, Serena Karlan, along with skipper Bertrand Saldo, sailed from Tahiti on Dele's catamaran, the Hukuna Matata.[3] Dele's brother, Miles Dabord (born Kevin Williams), was the only person involved in the voyage who was seen or heard from after 8 July 2002, when the last of three satellite phone calls from the voyage was made.[3] Dele and Karlan had previously kept regular contact with their banks and family members. On 20 July 2002 Miles Dabord brought the boat into Tahiti; he was alone aboard the vessel.[8]
On 5 September 2002 police used a sting operation organized by Dele's family and friends to detain Dabord in Phoenix, Arizona. Dabord had forged his brother's signature in order to buy US$152,000 worth of gold under his brother's name. He had used Dele's passport as identification.[9] Mexican police later found that Dabord had been staying at a hotel in Tijuana, Mexico. Two days before the Hukuna Matata, which had been registered in Tahiti under another name, was found off the coast of Tahiti with its name plate removed and some possible bullet holes patched. About the same time, Dabord phoned his and Dele's mother, Patricia Phillips, telling her that he would never hurt his brother and that he could not survive in prison.[10]
The FBI became involved in the investigation along with the French authorities and concluded that Dele, Karlan and Saldo were probably killed and then thrown overboard, or forced to walk off the boat into the ocean, by Dabord. Given that the bodies were likely dumped in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, it would be highly unlikely that the three would ever be found.[2][9]
Dabord, the only first-person source of information regarding the case, intentionally overdosed on insulin and slipped into a coma. On 27 September 2002 Dabord died in a California hospital. In his account of events, Dabord said he and his brother had fought, that Karlan had been accidentally hit and died when her head struck part of the boat. The captain Saldo had wanted to report her death and a panicked Dele had killed him; Dabord then shot his brother in self-defense, threw the bodies overboard and subsequently fled back to the U.S.[3] After Dabord's suicide, officials did not expect to find much more regarding the case. A memorial service was then held for both Dabord and Dele.
Dabord and Dele were frequently at odds with each other. After Dabord's death, his lawyer and lifelong best friend, Paul White, was questioned regarding his client but gave little information about what happened. Dabord had said that he knew for sure that Dele and Karlan were in French Polynesia, but not much more other than that he was trying to help Dele.[9]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Keown, Tim (October 3, 2002). "Paradise Lost". ESPN The Magazine. Retrieved October 19, 2013.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-92959671.html
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Ballard, Chris (October 21, 2013). "Lost Soul". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved October 25, 2013.
- ↑ Pugmire, Lance (January 30, 2003). "Dabord's Autopsy Released". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 28, 2011.
- ↑ http://www.si.com/longform/bison-dele/index.html
- ↑ The Associated Press (1999-10-22). "Pistons' Dele Retires". CBS News. Retrieved 2007-09-29.
- ↑ Cohen: An Unsolved Mystery
- ↑ The Associated Press (2002-09-15). "Witnesses say Dele's brother brought boat in alone". ESPN. Retrieved 2007-09-29.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Michael Bedan; Brian D. Crecente (2002-10-12). "Dearly Departed". Rocky Mountain News. Retrieved 2007-09-29.
- ↑ The Associated Press (2002-09-12). "Ex-NBA star Dele, girlfriend missing in Pacific". ESPN. Retrieved 2007-09-29.
External links
- ESPN: Former Piston Bison Dele reported to be missing at sea
- CBS News: Cops believe ex-NBA player was slain
- ESPN: Paradise Lost
- Investigation Discovery: Disappeared (Season 1) The story centers around Bison's girlfriend Serena but he's a big part of the documentary.
- Bison Dele's statistics
- Articles which use infobox templates with no data rows
- 1969 births
- 2002 deaths
- African-American basketball players
- American men's basketball players
- American people of Native American descent
- Arizona Wildcats men's basketball players
- Basketball players from California
- Centers (basketball)
- Chicago Bulls players
- Denver Nuggets players
- Detroit Pistons players
- Los Angeles Clippers players
- Maryland Terrapins men's basketball players
- McDonald's High School All-Americans
- Murdered basketball players
- Native American basketball players
- Native American sportspeople
- Orlando Magic draft picks
- Orlando Magic players
- Parade High School All-Americans (boys' basketball)
- People declared dead in absentia
- People lost at sea
- Sportspeople from Fresno, California
- Sportspeople from Los Angeles, California


text:
Through Nature to God (Classic Reprint)
€ 13,49
Bisher € 14,46
Lieferbar innerhalb von 2-3 Tagen
Juli 2015
Excerpt from Through Nature to GodA single purpose runs throughout this little book, though different aspects of it are treated in the three several parts. The first part, "The Mystery of Evil," written soon after "The Idea of God," was designed to supply some considerations which for the sake of conciseness had been omitted from that book. Its close kinship with the second part, "The Cosmic Roots of Love and Self-Sacrifice," will be at once apparent to the reader.
That second part is, with a few slight changes, the Phi Beta Kappa oration delivered by me at Harvard University, in June, 1895.
About the Publisher
Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com
This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Untertitel: Paperback.
Sprache: Englisch.
Verlag: Forgotten Books
Erscheinungsdatum: Juli 2015
Seitenanzahl: 222 Seiten
Format: kartoniert
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Tenuta Il Casale di San Miniato
From $86 / night
Description from the owner
Description from the owner
Bedrooms: 1
/Bathrooms: 1
/Sleeps: 2
/Type: Apt. / Condo
Book this 1 bedroom, 1 bathroom apt. / condo in San Miniato today! A total of 2 people can sleep here comfortably. This property has been booked 1 times.
Guests can enjoy a parking space among other amenities offered by this rental.
Travelers are sharing their opinions on this property. It has an overall rating of 5/5 thanks to an average of 6 reviews.
Costs vary, with the average weekly rate as low as $520.00, depending on travel dates.
The owner responds to 25% of inquiries, which is lower than average, and last updated the property's calendar 2 years ago, so this rental may not be available for your requested dates, but please inquire to confirm.
Proximity to TripAdvisor's Top San Miniato Attractions
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text:
I can't remember which idea I actually wanted to start this thread with, but I was watching a movie the other day and part of the plot was the Head of the Secret Service and the Speaker of the House wanted to nuke the entire Middle East--auspiciously so there would be no more wars there. In the end they failed to do it, but it is an idea that has been suggested by many a drunk redneck over the years as a way to fix a persistent problem.
So this thread is to share your most crazy, know it is irresponsible and/or may never work ideas to solve world problems.


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ihoppers is unable to sleep
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Join Zivity now to join
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Hi ihoppers, I'd love to know what you think about my new set with redhead pin up model Dirty Stitches.
..or any thoughts about our next set? Stitches is thinking vintage lingerie...
Thanks for voting ^_^


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Scary Stories Lead to Happy Ending as Stocks, Bonds Gain
Michael P. ReganDespite a lot of scary headlines, the worst place to be in the second quarter was on the sidelines.
Stocks and bonds rallied in both emerging and developed markets in the past three months and commodities gained as volatility performed a vanishing act in markets. Meanwhile, the dollar weakened against most major peers in the quarter.
The scary headlines, in fact, had a lot to do with all the price moves. Sectarian violence in Iraq and tensions between Russia and Ukraine pushed Brent oil up almost 6 percent and West Texas Intermediate crude climbed almost 4 percent to a nine-month high above $107 a barrel. Energy companies surged 11 percent as a group to lead the Standard & Poor's 500 Index to a sixth straight quarterly gain, its longest rally since 1998.
Oil-producing nations posted some of the biggest gains in stock markets around the globe, with Norway's OBX Index rising 10 percent and benchmark equity gauges in Russia, Canada and Brazil jumping more than 5 percent.
The MSCI Emerging Markets Index added 5.6 percent in the quarter for its biggest gain in almost two years while the MSCI World Index of developed nations rose 4 percent for a fourth straight quarterly advance, its longest rally since 2010. South Korea's won led developing-nation currencies up 0.8 percent in the three months, the first quarterly gain since the end of 2012, while the Bloomberg Dollar Spot Index lost 1.1 percent.
Commodity Gains
The S&P GSCI Total Return Index of commodities increased 3 percent in the quarter as gasoline, silver and aluminum surged almost 6 percent. The gains in energy and metals overshadowed declines of more than 12 percent in corn, wheat and cotton.
You'd never know it from the moves in stocks and commodities, but there were scary economic headlines, too. The U.S. economy shrank at a 2.9 percent annualized rate in the first quarter, more than forecast and the worst reading in five years. While equity investors appeared willing to chalk it up to a brutal winter and look forward to forecasts of growth in the rest of the year, bond buyers markets appeared more cautious.
The Bloomberg U.S. Treasury Bond Index has climbed 1.5 percent so far in the quarter and has risen 3.2 percent in 2014 after declining 3.4 percent last year. The Bloomberg Global Developed Sovereign Bond Index rallied 2 percent since the end of March.
'Bumpy Exit'
As the U.S. Federal Reserve continued to unwind the asset-purchase program that fueled the five-year rally in stocks, support from the European Central Bank sent bond yields to record lows in nations such as Italy and Spain during June. The ECB cut its benchmark interest rate to a record low of 0.15 percent, reduced its deposit rate below zero and introduced targeted loans to help revive growth.
That leads us to one more scary headline, which hit before the last trading session of the quarter: It will be difficult for central banks to ensure a "smooth normalization" as they exit emergency policy measures, the Bank for International Settlements said.
"The prospects for a bumpy exit together with other factors suggest that the predominant risk is that central banks will find themselves behind the curve, exiting too late or too slowly," the BIS, which counts 60 central banks as members, said in its annual report released yesterday.


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Heather was forced to stop training at the University of Bath and moved back home with her parents, funding her continued training with three part-time jobs: as a swimming coach, a barmaid and a physiotherapist.
She qualified for the 2008 Beijing Olympics without funding and went on to win Silver and finish the year ranked No.1 in the World. 2009 brought more medals at the European Championships and Heather remains Britain's No.1 female Pentathlete.
"Winning an Olympic Silver medal was an amazing experience however the opportunity to do something similar in front of a home crowd is just mind blowing. I can't wait for London 2012 and I hope that you enjoy following me on my journey there." Heather is very popular with the media and the corporate speaking circuit due to her bubbly personality and inspiring story of triumph over adversity. Her plan is to make London 2012 her swansong and fully intends to end her career on a high by winning a medal in front of her home crowd.
Updated - 09/02/2012
This is the most important season in four years for any athlete involved in an Olympic sport and it is now well underway. For me as a modern pentathlete I am currently half way through three domestic competitions. These lead to the next stage in qualifying as they will decide who is given the opportunity to compete a the first couple of world cups in the spring.
This may be our period of winter training when the mileage is upped, the weights are heavy and the hours are long but there are still plenty of competitions to keep us fresh. I personally enjoy competing and enter several events in the individual sports. On top of two full pentathlons I have run in several cross country races, fenced in three British opens and swum for Devon masters at the team regional championships. I managed to do plenty of decent training over the Christmas and New Year period and having just returned from an altitude training camp in the French Pyrenees, I am ready to take on the first World Cups of the 2012 season which I have been selected for.
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