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19th December, 2004 Volume 11, Issue 23
First with the news and free with its views First with the news and free with its views First with the news and free with its views
The Chandrika who never studied at Sorbonne
President Chandrika Kumaratunga in her student day in Paris, Mahinda Wijesekera and Prof. G. L. Peiris
President Chandrika Kumaratunga at a public rally to celebrate 10 years in office cast serious doubts on the educational qualifications of Professor G.L. Peiris last week.
Commenting on the contempt of court judgement on UNP MP, S.B. Dissanayake, the President said she has asked the CID to investigate whether the educational certificates of Professor Peiris were forgeries.
"Actually, we are checking whether he has a professorship. I told the CID to check whether he has a certificate to prove his legal qualifications or whether this is a forgery," the President said at the rally.
Since the President has now by her own admission thought it important enough to direct the CID to investigate the qualifications of Professor Peiris, it should necessarily follow that verification should also be made of President Chandrika Kumaratunga's own educational qualifications.
Letter From Sorbonne stating Chandrika was not a student in that university, The letter from the institute in Aix-En-Provence stating Chandrika was there for one year and The letter from University Pantheon, Assas Paris II stating Chandrika was not a student there
Official bio-data of Chandrika stating she has a Political Science Degree from the University of Paris and Letter from the Old Students Association of 'Sciences Po' stating Chandrika did a course in International Relations
She also cast doubts on the attorney-at-law qualification of UNP MP Mahinda Wijesekera and said Ranil Wickremesinghe barely scraped through his law exam.
The President in her official bio data released to the media has claimed she has a Political Science Degree from the University of Paris. The claim is she was a graduate from the highly prestigious Sorbonne.
The Sunday Leader in 2000 exposed Kumaratunga for her big lie and stated categorically that she never attended Sorbonne or graduated from the university of Paris. That it was yet another barefaced lie by the President.
She made other grandiose claims of educational attainment as well, most of which were figments of her very fertile imagination.
The Sunday Leader also investigated Kumaratunga's allegations on the educational qualifications of both Professor Peiris and Wijesekera and found them to be yet more lies.
Wijesekera, we found has qualified as an attorney-at-law from the Sri Lanka Law College.
As for Professor Peiris, who has even taught the present Acting Chief Justice, Shiranee Bandaranayake, was also Vice Chancellor of the University of Colombo, Dean of the Law Faculty and a Rhodes Scholar. And yes, a fully-fledged professor.
The Sunday Leader had the opportunity of examining all those certificates.
But it is the President's certificates that are elusive with not even an advanced level certificate to be found leave alone a Political Science Degree from the University of Paris.
We reproduce once again, our investigation on Kumaratunga's educational qualifications for the benefit of the people of Sri Lanka and the diplomatic community given her own public pronouncements and leave it to them to judge whether or not Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga is a liar and a fraud who should be investigated by the CID.
By Lasantha Wickrematunge
President Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga is facing the prospect of being branded a great pretender.
Apart from the serious legal consequences that follow for holding out as genuine that which is false, it is a reflection on the very character of an individual to pretend to be a great academic achiever, when the reality is otherwise.
Any person could mislead the public as to the actual educational attainments not only by the subtle use of language but allowing to pass as correct, attribution of factually incorrect qualifications in various publications, especially when such publications are brought to the notice of the individual,
Thus, a person can be a pretender to great academic achievements not only by acts of commission such as the preparation of the bio-data with false data, but also by acts of omission such as a non denial when the publication of a false qualification is notified, especially in publications well within the control of the individual concerned.
To the public at large, the purpose of a politician holding out his or her academic achievements is to impress upon them that the politician in question is a person of great intellect worthy of election to high public office through the people's ballot.
Indeed, it is with the similar intention of impressing a prospective employer that any individual applying for a job includes all of his/her achievements in the bio-data.
It is for the same purpose, an individual highlights the colleges of education and universities attended, for the very names of prestigious universities such as Oxford, Cambridge, Sorbonne. Yale, Stanford and Harvard add weight to a person's academic record.
Mind you, this government knows the importance of this principle only too well and Edmond Jayasinghe is living testimony to that fact.
Jayasinghe was forced to resign as Chairman, Lake House, Secretary, Media Ministry and Director, AirLanka for falsifying his dates of birth.
The repercussions in the case of false qualifications, naturally would be far greater than the use of a false date of birth.
It is in that context, The Sunday Leader wrote to President Chandrika Kumaratunga on March 14 and inquired after her educational qualifications in view of the President's official bio data being at variance with the information in the possession of this newspaper.
With the Presidential Secretariat taking up the position it does not forward correspondence from "Worms" to the President, The Sunday Leader last week published a full page article drawing the attention of Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga to her official bio data as released by the Government Information Department as well as published reports in other media including the state press.
Through such publication, The Sunday Leader requested the President to inform this newspaper whether she had inadvertently included in her official bio data qualifications she was not entitled to. The same question was posed with regards to the media reports on her academic achievements.
This newspaper said it will lay the issue to rest if the President shows that the information in our possession was inaccurate. The Sunday Leader even offered to present the information in its possession for the President's perusal. And be rest assured, the only reason The Sunday Leader has taken this issue up is because it strives to establish standards for Sri Lanka which democracies such as the U.S.A. and U.K. expect from their leaders.
The President however has not responded to our repeated queries and we presume thereby that her official bio data and the published reports are correct.
To recap briefly, the educational qualifications of President Kumaratunga as released by the Government Information Department and published in the book, Tenth Parliament states as follows:
- Degree in Political Science (University of Paris)
- PhD studies in Development Economics (University of Paris)
- Diploma in Group Leadership EPHE (University of Paris)
- Studies in LLB Law Degree
- Training in political journalism with the Le-Monde in Paris.
- Schooling (Sic) at St. Bridget's Convent, Colombo.
Then the state controlled Daily News of November 11, 1994 in an article titled "Chandrika groomed for greatness" states interalia - "After her successful French language and culture course, Chandrika just 22 was admitted to the Sorbonne University in Paris - one of the oldest seats of learning in France."
"At Sorbonne, she read for her degree in politics, economics and philosophy," the report adds.
Likewise the state controlled Silumina of November 13, 1994 in another special full page article with photographs from Chandrika's family album, states Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga received a political science degree from Sorbonne University in France, an economics degree from the Oxford University in England in addition to receiving a diploma for group leadership.
References to Kumaratunga holding a PhD were made in an article in the Femina magazine of December 15, 1999 where journalist Sathya Saran had interviewed the President. A similar reference to a PhD was made in the Commonwealth Heads Of State Magazine in 1995.
Now for the reality.
To start with, President Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga has no PhD from anywhere. The Peradeniya University, not long after Kumaratunga assumed the presidency, received a proposal to grant her an honorary doctorate but it was soon decided to drop the matter.
Of course though the various publications cited have referred to Kumaratunga having a PhD, reports which have not been denied, the official bio data of Kumaratunga released by her speaks only of "PhD Studies in Development Economics at the University of Paris."
It is important to note here that Kumaratunga speaks of "PhD studies," giving the impression she had studied extensively for a PhD, but there is no time frame given.
And as for the undenied economics degree from Oxford University in England, that is another figment of a very fertile imagination. Kumaratunga has as much claim to an economics degree from Oxford as A. J. Ranasinghe has to a law degree from Harvard.
But more important is Kumaratunga's claim in the official bio data that she has a Political Science Degree from the University of Paris.
It is important to note here that 'Sorbonne' forms part of the 'University of Paris,' and Kumaratunga has also not denied reports in the state media that she is a graduate from 'Sorbonne.' And it is also the popular perception in the country that Chandrika is a 'Sorbonne' graduate.
In this backdrop, research into Kumaratunga's education in France becomes significant.
Young Chandrika Bandaranaike received a scholarship from the Institute of French Studies and left for France in 1967.
Kumaratunga was a student in France until 1971 since she also states in her bio data that she was the "Additional Principal Director, Land Reforms Commission," from 1972-1976. That is to say she was a student in France for four years.
In France, the academic year is from September to June.
Be that as it may, upon arriving in France, Chandrika travelled to the south and enrolled as a student in the Institute D'Etudes Politiques, at 25, rue Gaston de Saporta 13625 Aix-ex-Provence cedex 1. This institute answers to the telephone number 0442170198 and has 0442170196 as its fax number.
Incidentally it is to this institute, Kumaratunga paid a much publicised visit as Head of State in November 1996 where she received a honorary medal from the university's president.
Accompanied by a Sri Lanka press contingent, Kumaratunga was also to meet with an old music teacher, Pierre Dupin at Air-En-Provence, South of France.
Interestingly however, despite the media presence, Kumaratunga did not during that visit to France pay a visit to the 'Sorbonne' in the University of Paris.
What Chandrika did at the Institute D'Etudes Politiques in Aix-En-Provence was follow a nine month course in the French language and culture.
The Sunday Leader is in possession of a letter written by the institute confirming the fact, Kumaratunga was there for just one year.
An English translation of the letter written in French is given below:
In reply to your request, I confirm that Mrs. Chandrika Bandaranaike was a student at our Institute during the University year 1967/68. At the end of her first year she left us to continue her studies in Paris.
With best wishes,
Pierre Langeron."
The question arises where in Paris Kumaratunga proceeded to study.
Given the popular public perception and undenied published reports, the obvious answer is 'Sorbonne.' In any event the 'University of Paris' as per the official bio data.
But in fact, Kumaratunga was neither a student at Sorbonne nor did she obtain a political science degree from that university.
To prove this fact, The Sunday Leader has yet another letter from the 'University' Paris 1 Pantheon - Sorbonne, Department de Science Politque. 1 rue Victor Cousin,. 75005, Paris.
It is to be noted here that in researching Kumaratunga's education record, queries were made based both on her maiden name as well as her married name.
The letter written by Sorbonne in French was signed by J. Matiesco and an English translation is given below.
Following your fax of 22/11/1999 and having researched our archives, I can state exactly to you that the name of Miss Chandrika BANDARANAIKE Kumaratunga does not feature amongst our old students.
In 1970-1977 the political science degree did not exist at the Sorbonne.
Education in political science is also offered by the Institute of Political Studies, 27 Rue Saint-Guillaume 75007 Paris, Tel 0145495050 and also in the Provincial IEP (IEP) Aix-Marseille 25 rue Gaston de Saporta 13625 Aixen Provence Cedex 01).
Sincere good wishes, The secretary of the Second Year, J. Matiesco.
Since Sorbonne was referred to as Universite' Paris I Pantheon, to be doubly sure, a query was also made from the Universite Pantheon ASSAS Paris II.
This is an English translation of what that university had to say under the signature of Ms. Nadine Billion from the 'Educational Services':
With regards to your letter dated January 20, 2000 concerning Ms. Chandrika Bandaranaike, I have the pleasure of informing you that after going through the records of the university Pantheon-Assas Paris II, no file under that name was found.
I would like to take this opportunity to convey to you my highest consideration.
Sgd., Nadine Billion.
Further research showed that where Chandrika did study in Paris after her one year stint at Aix-En-Provence, was at the Institute D'Etudes Politiques de Paris and not at the 'University of Paris,' which includes Sorbonne.
This Institute of Political Studies is also popularly known as 'Sciences Po' and in a booklet of the institute, under the heading "Some well known alumni of Sciences Po" gives the name "Chandrika Kumaratunga - President of Sri Lanka."
In this institute, the available evidence shows Chandrika as having studied for a course in international relations. Her reference number was 50259.
The period for which Chandrika did this course was two years and was titled "Relations internationales." She successfully completed this course of study and received a diploma in 1970.
The Sunday Leader is in possession of a letter written by MME A. Chantelauze from the Association of Former Students of Sciences Po, testifying to this fact. The address of the Association is 224 Souievard Saint-Germain, 75007 Paris. The telephone number is 0145486162 and answers to the fax 0145442027.
In that letter in French written on an official letterhead, it is stated thus:
"Miss Chandrika Bandaranaike, born June 1945, Course on International Relations at Sciences Po 1970- (Institute of Political Science, Paris)
We do not have any more information or any other Diplomas: Sorry, we cannot be of any more help."
Sgd. A. Chantelauze.
Thus, it is patently obvious Chandrika has no Political Science Degree from the University of Paris, as claimed, or from Sorbonne. The question is whether she has a degree at all. The evidence unearthed seems to have proved otherwise.
According to the Old Students Association of 'Science Po,' what Chandrika did obtain was a Diploma in International Relations.
In French of course, different terminology is used to define educational qualifications and queries were made by an old student of 'Sciences Po' itself on this terminology.
The former student, Jerome Tolot did a three year diploma (in French Diplome) at Sciences Po. He said a 'licence' is the equivalent to an English degree obtained at a university after three years.
Another law graduate from Paris University who spent six years studying there had stated that the two year course at Sciences Po was not a full degree in the English sense even if the course at Aix-En-Provence was added.
In other words, the diploma for international relations received by Chandrika is not a 'Licence.' Possibly the President may have a different interpretation, which we are ready to publish.
The bottom line is Chandrika Bandaranaike did not receive a degree from the University of Paris as claimed in her official bio data nor was she a student at Sorbonne. The Institute, Chandrika attended falls under the category of "Grandes Ecoles" (Higher School) as opposed to a state university.
In fact, according to Chandrika, in a period of three student years in Paris she had obtained a Political Science Degree from the University of Paris, obtained a diploma in group leadership and done her PhD studies in development economics, all from the same university. Now we know otherwise.
Chandrika returned to the country and look up a posting in 1972 as admitted by her in the Land Reforms Commission. Since this was a government appointment, of which government Chandrika's mother was prime minister, she did not have to go through the motions of interviews where one is called upon to produce certificates to substantiate one's academic qualifications. Incidentally Presidential Secretary, K. Balapatabendi was also attached to the LRC during this period.
Furthermore, Kumaratunga in her bio data also states she did "studies in LLB Law Degree." That statement too appears to be clearly designed to mislead the public by giving the impression she had done LLB studies to a great extent.
The LLB course was initially for three years with examinations divided into the first in laws and the final.
What Chandrika did was attend some law classes at Aquinas College but did not pass the examination.
Therefore for a Head of State to say in her official bio data that she did LLB studies without having passed a single examination in that course is to say the least, misleading. That is similar to a student who attends O Level classes for a few months, drops out and writes in his bio data that he did "O'level studies."
But that is Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga for you, the great achiever. According to her that is.
Donors await budget implementation
Jeremy Carter, Peter Harrold, Alessandro Pio and Akio Suda
By Mandana Ismail Abeywickrema
With the budget heat subsiding, all eyes are now on the all-important part of building the country's economy - the implementation of the policies highlighted in the UPFA government's maiden budget.
The 2005 budget as pointed out by economic analysts was better than expected and exhibited a lot of growth potential for the country's economy, but the real test as they said was in the implementation.
This sentiment was also shared by the donor agencies - "looks good in print, but if implemented and sustained would help uplift the skewed economy."
Eight months after assuming office, the government has now shown interest in resuming discussions to get the US$ 81 million tranche of the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF), held back since 2003.
Senior Resident Representative, IMF, Jeremy Carter observed that the IMF is expecting a government mission to discuss the PRGF in early 2005.
The PRGF has been on hold since 2003 and according to Carter, Sri Lanka is four disbursements behind.
Carter pointed out that discussions to resume the tranche would be based on three areas - how the government plans to implement its budget proposals, how the government plans to manage its strategic enterprises and its strategy for poverty reduction.
"The government has indicated its interest to begin negotiations," he said.
The amount that would be disbursed in case negotiations prove successful, is yet to be decided.
Carter noted that apart from the PRGF, which is the IMF's exclusive concessionary facility, there is no other form of assistance in the pipeline.
Sharing the same sentiments as analysts, Carter also asserted that they like the targets outlined in the 2005 budget, but added success would depend on implementation.
"It is also important that revenue targets are met," he said.
The executive board of the IMF approved in 2003 a three-year arrangement under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and Extended Fund Facility amounting to SDR 413.4 million (about US$567 million) for Sri Lanka, which will support the government's economic programme for 2003-06. Of this amount, SDR 269 million (about US$369 million) is available under the PRGF, and SDR 144.4 million (about US$198 million) is available under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF). The decision will enable Sri Lanka to draw SDR 59.06 million (about US$81 million) from the IMF every six months.
The second disbursement was due to be released in October 2003 and the third in April this year.
WB aid on hold
Budgetary support from the World Bank too is yet on hold.
According to World Bank officials, budgetary support, which has been provided under the Poverty Reduction Support Credit (PRSC), requires a sound macroeconomic framework. The officials added they rely on the IMF to provide an assessment of this.
The PRSC is a new lending instrument of the World Bank's International Development Association (IDA). It is designed to assist with the policy and institutional reforms countries have formulated to implement their own Poverty Reduction Strategies (PRS).
The Bank is currently awaiting a revision of the PRS by the UPFA to provide continued budgetary support. The credit is in the order of US$125 million. However, the exact amount will depend on the strength of the reform programme and progress in the peace process.
However, the Asian Development Bank (ADB), World Bank and the government of Japan have signed agreements to lend their support to the government's poverty alleviation and education reforms.
The ADB and the government recently signed the second part of an US$ 80 million loan package to address the immediate rehabilitation needs of almost two million conflict-affected people in the north and east of the country. The first part of the loan, US$ 50 million was signed on January 14, in Colombo.
The package provides funding for the ongoing Conflict Affected Areas Rehabilitation Project, ADB's first response to the needs assessment of conflict-affected areas it carried out with the government's development partners early in 2003.
ADB project
The project is expected to focus most of its activities on the most-severely conflict-affected districts. In these areas it will rehabilitate essential infrastructure, including 200 km of national highways and rehabilitate rural power supply to over 25 villages.
The Home Affairs, Provincial Councils and Local Government Ministry will have overall responsibility for the project. The North-East Provincial Council will coordinate the project on a day-to-day basis. Within this structure the Road Development Authority will manage the road rehabilitation component, and the Ceylon Electricity Board, the rural electrification component.
"The project will help a large number of rural communities restore viable living conditions, especially for those who are returning to their homes following displacement by the conflict," Country Head, ADB, Alessandro Pio said.
ADB's loan package consists of $50 million from its concessional Asian Development Fund (ADF) and $30 million from its ordinary capital resources (OCR).
The OCR loan has a 32-year term, including a grace period of eight years. Interest is determined in accordance with ADB's LIBOR-based lending facility.
ADB has also approved a US$ 35 million loan to further improve quality and relevance of the secondary education system in Sri Lanka. The new project will upgrade around 1,100 1AB and 1C schools not supported under ADB's ongoing Secondary Education Modernisation Project (SEMP 1) and other earlier ADB funded projects. The two main objectives of the project are: 1) support the government's strategy to improve the quality, equity, and management efficiency of secondary education and make it more responsive to labour market requirements and 2) increase equity of access to quality education and promote education for social cohesion.
The ADB pointed out that despite positive achievements in basic education, low investment in education results in disparities in educational quality. The pass rates at GCE (OL) and (AL) examinations have been low. Only 40% of ordinary level students qualify for advanced level, 50% fail in mathematics and 70% fail in English subject. Regional disparities in the pass rates are also evident.
The bank's analysis of the education sector shows that about 140, 000 school leavers enter the labour market every year and a large number are unemployed, indicating the need to improve the role of secondary schools in preparing students for work. In fact, 18% of those with GCE advanced level qualifications are unemployed because of the mismatch between the conventional education system and labour market requirements.
"The project will upgrade target schools that do not meet an acceptable standard in terms of physical facilities, teaching and learning resources, teachers' skills and school management. This will reduce disparities across regions, gender, and ethnicity and work towards the goal of ensuring that every school is capable of successfully teaching the required subjects, increasing the percentage of students that pass GCE (OL) and GCE (AL) examinations in future," Pio said.
The total project cost is estimated at $47 million, of which $ 10.3 million will come from the government and $1.7 million from the beneficiaries. The ADB loan which will meet 74.4% of the total cost, comes from its concessionary Asian Development Fund and carries a 32-year term, including a grace period of eight years.
The Ministry of Education will be the executing agency for the project, which is due for completion in December 2009.
Credit facility
The World Bank last week approved a credit facility of US$ 75 million for a housing reconstruction programme, which is expected to benefit conflict affected families of all ethnic groups.
The programme is also expected to be a significant economic boost for the north-east through the generation of employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled labour.
Japanese Ambassador to Sri Lanka Akio Suda signed an agreement to provide a sum of US$ 66,233 (approximately Rs. 6.9 million) towards a project for sustainable human development and poverty alleviation through agriculture in the Puttalam District.
The government, which has shown much interest in developing the small and medium scale enterprise sector as part of its pro-poor economy policy, seem to be receiving the support of the donor agencies.
Be that as it may, it is now up to the government to put the grants received to good use and reduce the income disparity prevalent in the country.
Govt. to discuss loan facilities - Amunugama
Finance Minister Dr. Sarath Amunugama observed that there was no question about approaching the donors as the government meets with them on a regular basis.
"We have quarterly meetings with the donors and we have a special group to hold these meetings," he said.
The IMF and the World Bank, according to Dr. Amunugama have received the Budget 2005 and made their own analysis.
Dr. Amunugama explained that the government till its maiden budget, did not discuss any loan facilities with the donors.
Now that the government has presented its maiden budget and passed it in parliament, Dr. Amunugama said that the discussions on the IMF's PRGF and the World Bank's RPSC loan facilities would be discussed in the early part of 2005 when the government and donors meet.
Inflation up and up
According to the December Monetary Policy Review, inflation continues to be on an upward trend as reflected in the increases in all consumer price indices. The annual average change in the Colombo Consumers' Price Index (CCPI) rose from 6.1 per cent in October 2004 to 6.8 per cent in November, while on a point-to-point basis the CCPI rose from 12.1 per cent in October to 13.1 per cent in November. A similar trend was seen in the Sri Lanka Consumers' Price Index (SLCPI) with the annual average change rising from 4.1 per cent in September to 5.4 per cent in October and the point-to-point change increasing from 14.4 per cent to 15.2 per cent. The pressure on prices from supply side factors such as the drought, which adversely affected domestic food production and high import prices, particularly of petroleum imports is expected to ease with the improvement in weather conditions and the decline in international oil prices.
©Leader Publication (Pvt) Ltd. 1st Floor, Colombo Commercial Building., 121, Sir James Peiris Mawatha., Colombo 2 Tel : +94-75-365891,2 Fax : +94-75-365891 email : firstname.lastname@example.com


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Tropical Fish Keeping - Aquarium fish care and resources
- Catfish
- - Otos eating vegetables covered in bacteria?
Otos eating vegetables covered in bacteria? after a while, when the vegetables have been in the water for some time they begin to be covered by bacteria right? do the Otos eat around that or do they eat it too? and if they do eat it will that harm their health? thank you for your responses have a nice day:) |
My first question is how long are you leaving the veggies in the tank? After 36-48 hours, zucchini can get kind of ripe in my tank. Generally animals tend to avoid food that might harm them, but I wouldn't go out of my way to leave old food in the tank. Fresh food is always better and Otos don't feed on bacteria, that I know of. It is possible if the bacterial levels get too high that it could impact the tank and the decomposing veggies won't help either. |
what do you think should I remove it? One of the Otos is on the carrot I think he really likes it :) thank you for your response! |
I usually place one slice of vegetables in the tank after light's out for the day and remove this after 10 or twelve hours. Vegetable matter does not contain animal proteins that other fish foods do so it does not foul the water as quickly as flake or pellet foods left decaying in the tank which usually means too much food is being offered. I feed my fish once a day, and no more than I actually SEE them eat in a minute or two. |
+ 1 with DKRST and 1077. I only leave veggiesi in overnight, put it in the tank just before going to bed and remove it first thing the next morning. I do think you may be leaving them in there too long, I have never encountered them growing a fuzz on them. I would only feed one particular vegetable at a time and alternate the nights you give them the algae wafers, zucchini, carrot etc. I also soften them first in a bit of water in the microwave. |
i don't do vegetable feeding but can you take a picture of this fuzzy stuff? is it a different color or could it possible be CO2 or something clinging to the stuff? are you feeding this to top, middle, or bottom feeders? can you put it in a clip if it is for middle/top feeders? I know sinking food pellets and chips get "fuzzy" because of water logging. I'd imaging fresh vegetables try to osmosis the salinity to equilibrium if left alone for 24 hours... which would look "fuzzy" in a fashion. But spores/white fuzz would cause me alarm! |
It sounds like your "fuzzy" stuff may be a fungus. You can avoid rapid surface fungus growth by blanching the veggies. Blanching is putting the veggies into boiling water for a short time and then puting them into ice water to stop the cooking process. It pretty much wrecks lettuce if you blanch it very long. Each type of veggie may have a different blanch time. You can search "blanching ___" on the internet and find times for each veggie. You can also search "blanching" or "blanched" here and find more info. Blanching also softens the veggies which may be helpful to otos (and young plecos from my experience). I blanch zucchini for my plecos and it holds in my tanks for 24 hours without a problem. Beyond that, it can actually start to stink from decomposition. I once left some zucchini in for 36 hours and my 10 gallon tank water had a really funky odor, necessitating a rapid water change.. |
thank you for your responses everyone. I will make sure the vegetables are not it the tank longer than 12 hours. Ill try to get a pic of the fuzzy stuff if the camera captures it well. I will also do the blanching bath that sounds good. thanks again guys :) |
One final note about blanching. The process is used for vegetables because it deactivates some enzymes and makes the veggies last longer in the freezer. I blanch a bunch of zucchini slices (a bunch being only 2 whole zucchini!) and freeze them. Then I just pull a piece out of the frozen zip-loc bagful when I need one. Freeze individual vegetable pieces on wax paper or non-stick cookie sheet before bagging them or you'll have one big frozen-together lump. Note-don't even try to freeze blanched spinach or lettuce :-) |
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subset: commoncrawl


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12:00 Hot Horny Cougar Seduces Young Boy 99% 671,103 12:11 Old Horny Slut Seduces IT Nerds 96% 520,180 |
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Kommentare (39) damn he has a nice ass I could kiss and lick it all day and he shot a nice load which would have swallowed in doggy position, she reminds me of my aunt. my aunt also does this kinda movement in doggy.... I would be honored to just suck her toes! I'm not worthy to fuck anything as FINE as her. asianflyer gelöschte i remember being 25 and making love to a couple women of age. id take off my flight suit and they would open up. cuming in their hot mouths or deep inside them. the feel of being deep inside and knowing they were older and enjoying it all. I would fuck and suck either of these two. And I love the sexy BARE FEET on both of them... He's adorable! | |||||||||||||||||


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You are here:
Rating(1-10) | Knowledgeability = 9 | Clarity of Response = 10 | Politeness = 10 |
Comment | Thanks XR! That cleared up a lot of my thinking :) Cheers! |
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Hilton Warwick / Stratford-upon-Avon
Junction 15, M40 A429 Stratford Road, Warwick, CV34 6RE, United Kingdom TEL: +44-1926-499-555 FAX: +44-1926-410-020Hotel Policies
It's important to us that each Guest is given appropriate information to make their stay as comfortable as possible. Here you can find details of our Hotel Policies on items such as Check-In/Check-Out times, Cancellations, Payment, and much more. For additional details, please contact the hotel and speak to one of our helpful Team Members
Hilton Hotels & Resorts are committed to providing equality of service, access and facilities for all our guests. Please see our Hotel Accessibility Pack and Disability Access and Service Provision Statement for further details.
Non-SmokingWe are now 100% non smoking
Check-in / Check-out | |
Check-In Time | 3:00 pm |
Minimum Age to Register | 18 |
Check-Out Time | 12:00 pm |
Early Departure Fee | £0.00 Full 1 night rate |
Late Check-Out Fee | £10.00 per hour fixed fee |
Cancellations | |
Cancellation Policy | Cancellation policies may vary depending on the rate or dates of your reservation. Please refer to your reservation confirmation to verify your cancellation policy. If you need further assistance, call the hotel directly or contact customer service. Alternatively, you can cancel your reservation online. |
Payment | |
Hotel Currency | British Pound |
Accepted Payment Options |
Pets | |
Service animals allowed | Yes |
Pets allowed | Yes |
Maximum Weight | 30 lbs |
Maximum Size | Medium |
Other Pet Services | Guide dogs and small dogs on request. |
Parking | |
Self parking |
Included at Weekends |
Valet parking |
Not Available
Secured | Not Available |
Covered | Not Available |
In/Out Privileges |
Other Parking Information | Weekend parking included / Coach parking available |


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"That '70s Show" went off the air in 2006, but the stars of the series still remain friends. To prove that point, the social media savvy actors took to Twitter to show off what seems like it was an epic reunion hangout.
Danny Masterson, Laura Prepon, Mila Kunis, Wilder Valderrama and Ashton Kutcher all gathered together and took a photo to commemorate the occasion. "We need Santa hats and caroling books. …And for it not to be almost Xmas already! #luvmygang#70s-hang," Prepon tweets.
Masteron put a filter on the image and posted to Instagram, writing, "Every once in awhile friends gather for a 6 part harmony of a BigStar song…"
And just to make it extra clear that this epic reunion did actually happen, Valderrama clarified with a new picture, "No seriously.. This really happened last night." Check out more photos below.


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Media Tagged With: Shark
This shark sings a nice little ditty about his favorite lunch time treat...fat girls.
This shark has got to be twenty feet long. It jumps completely out of the water so you can see the whole thing. Kinda scary.
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Definition of ushering
p. pr. & vb. n. - of Usher
The word "ushering" uses 8 letters: E G H I N R S U.
No direct anagrams for ushering found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after ushering (in bold), or to eghinrsu in any order:
o - rehousing t - hungriest
List all words starting with ushering, words containing ushering or words ending with ushering
All words formed from ushering by changing one letter
Other words with the same letter pairs: us sh he er ri in ng
Browse words starting with ushering by next letter
Previous word in list: usherettes
Next word in list: ushers
Some random words: afar loess orectic utopia cuadrilla jealous oidium
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By PR Newswire | Article Rating: |
December 4, 2012 10:14 AM EST | Reads: |
187 |
HOUSTON, Dec. 4, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Prices for the chemical building block ethylene dropped to nearly 50 cents per pound at the end of November, their lowest level since early August. The fall reflected ample supplies and slower sales volumes for the key plastic derivative, polyethylene, according to the chemical industry report PetroChem Wire.
U.S. ethylene prices ended November at 50.375 cents per pound, down from 54.5 cents per pound at the end of October and close to the previous low on August 9 of 50.125 cents per pound. On a cents-per-gallon basis, the November price decrease is equal to a 12.25-cent decrease during the month. Ethane and propane, two of the raw materials used to make ethylene, also saw price decreases in November. The ethane price fell by 5 cents per gallon and propane fell by 15.5 cents per gallon.
North American polyethylene sales slowed and inventories increased in the beginning of the fourth quarter following very strong sales during the summer months. June, July and August were the strongest three-month period for US polyethylene sales since 2006. Hurricane Sandy contributed to the more recent domestic resin sales slowdown as Northeast plastics converters' operations were temporarily disrupted in late October/early November.
"The approach to the end of the year is usually a slow time for sales as many companies seek to keep inventories lean in December. Without a dramatic supply interruption, the drift lower throughout the chain is somewhat expected," said Kathy Hall, PetroChem Wire's chief editor. "However, as these markets evolve, we see more activity in forward months. During November, the 2013 market was quite active for ethylene. Prices for the first quarter of 2013 are higher than they were for November and December."
Ethylene and its associated products, such as propylene and benzene, are base chemicals that are further processed to make nearly every other petrochemical in existence. The most commonly known of these are plastic resins, such as polyethylene and polypropylene, as well as liquid solvents used in a variety of consumer and industrial applications.
The PetroChem Wire is a daily newsletter serving the petrochemical industry. It counts every major petrochemical and refining company among its readers, as well as many major manufacturing concerns, global conglomerates, industry consultants, equity analysts and government agencies. For more information, see www.petrochemwire.com.
SOURCE PetroChem Wire
Published December 4, 2012 Reads 187
Copyright © 2012 SYS-CON Media, Inc. — All Rights Reserved.
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SYNOPSIS: It's the early 1800s and Zebulon Prescott (Karl Malden) uproots his wife Rebecca (Anges Morehead) and daughters Eve (Carroll Baker) and Lillith (Debbie Reynolds) for the long migration from New York City to a better life out West. After disaster strikes, Eve settles down with a mountain man (James Stewart) and Lilith is courted by a hustler (Gregory Peck) who has plans for the California fortune she inherits. The Civil War hits the Prescott girls and their children hard, as do family rivalries and fierce Indians. Other characters encountered include a dogged US Marshall (Lee J Cobb), a high plains drifter (Henry Fonda), a railroad pioneer (Richard Widmark), General Sherman (John Wayne), and President Lincoln (Raymond Masse).
Review by Shannon J. Harvey: They don't make 'em like this anymore. But did they ever? How the West Was Won is arguably the most grandiose and unique experiment in American filmmaking. Sporadically narrated by Spencer Tracey, it's a kind of docu-drama travelogue that attempts to condense the entire American experience from West expansion to the freedom of the slaves. It's divided into three chapters "The Civil War," "The Railroad," and "The River, the Plains, the Outlaws," with the chapters directed by John Ford, George Marshall and Henry Hathaway respectively. It was also first film shot and screened in the experimental Cinerama format, where three interlocked 35mm cameras recorded the same scene from a slightly different angle. The film was then projected onto an enormous curved screen with an aspect ratio of 3 to 1, which corresponds to the eye's complete field of vision. Oh, and did I mention a cast of greats that would put those in Ocean's Eleven to shame? They're all here; Jimmy Stewart, John Wayne, Gregory Peck, Henry Fonda and the much younger Debbie Reynolds, George Peppard, Karl Malden and Richard Widmark. They each inhabit characters that stand for something; the crusty mountain man, the ambitious young railroad pioneer, the card shark, the father figure, the rambunctious female - all symbols of a booming period in a bygone era. This epic is as magnanimous and as patriotic as Americana gets - check out the old-style treatment of horses and the presentation of Native Americans. But boy, this is something to behold. If only the DVD could give this classic its due. The three-panel Cinerama is an obvious problem, not only for the two permanent horizontal lines down the screen but the different shadings of the panels. The transfer to DVD is a letterbox ratio of 2.55:1 so images on far left and far right are occasionally truncated. Picture quality does vary with are scratches, separations, and washed-out colours. As for sound, it's Dolby Digital 2.0. The technical aspects of this transfer, I'm afraid, are disappointing. As for special features, we are only given the original trailer and a 15-minute retrospective featurette. It goes into the genesis of the mammoth nostalgia project and into the short-lived Cinerama (a certain precursor to widescreen). It also contains on-set footage of the brazen stunts, reminding us this was a time when stuntmen were stuntmen and yes, animals were injured in the making of this movie. The Prescotts aren't exactly accurate examples of average pioneering families, and today the film plays like an odd mix of documentary and fiction. But so what? It's unique in the way it captures the spirit of 50-odd years of American history (a la Gone With the Wind), including all the characters, the stunts, the heart-aches and triumphs. It's kind of schmaltzy, but given that the last Western made was Shanghai Noon, How the West Was Won is testament, as said, to the way they don't make 'em like that anymore. Published August 15, 2002
CAST: Carroll Baker, Lee J Cobb, Henry Fonda, Carolyn Jones, Karl Malden, Gregory Peck, George Peppard, Robert Preston, Debbie Reynolds, James Stewart, Eli Wallach, John Wayne, Richard Widmark, Raymond Masse
DIRECTOR: John Ford, Henry Hathaway, George Marshall, Richard Thorpe
RUNNING TIME: 155 minutes
SPECIAL FEATURES: Behind-the-scenes Featurette: The Making of How the West Was Won. Trailer
DVD DISTRIBUTOR: Warner Home Video
DVD RELEASE: August 5, 2002


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August 24, 2011
by Kevin Goldstein
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So there's a T. Nash with hitting skills and big time raw (power)? Hmmm...
I wish it were Toe's brother Thyroid.
DeVoss may not have a ton of power, but his slugging pct should get a boast by being able to leg out his fair share of doubles and triples.
If this was true, his slugging would be higher in the minors too...
Kevin, do you think Jacobs has a chance to be an above average Lf defensively, or do you see him growing into more of a below average fielder/DH as he fills out?
Has Cox's approach at the plate changed recently, or is he just in the midst of a prolonged hot streatk? Has his stock improved any in your eyes over the second half of the season?
Hamilton - besides the speed, the bat also really seems to have wakened up. What do you/scouts make of the dramatic change from his 1H to 2H performance?
I think people forget Dom Brown broke his hamate bone earlier this year. The power will be back next year.
Any thoughts on Jonathan Singleton's collaspse in BB/K ratio since he was traded? 56 BB, 83 K with Phillies; 5 BB, 27 K with Astros.
Probably giving up walks for power.
For Billy Hamilton you state, "With nine stolen bases in his last for games, needs nine more in his last 13 suddenly seems realistic." Forgive my ignorance, but I do NOT understand. Please explain.
Nine steals in his previous four games makes it look more likely he'll be able to swipe the nine additional bags he needs to hit 100 for the season.
Thanks for the clarification!!!!
Is Bogaerts good enough defensively to stay at short, KG?
Three Astros prospects in one Future Shock? My heart just stopped. Incidentally, Oberholtzer is an Astros prospect, not Braves.
Fixed. Good catch.


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I wrote a post in March 2008 about this, still waiting. It would be excellent if in plan we could document where a camera is placed. Sure we can create a family to document where they are but that doesn't provide the automatic view reference that other view annotation enjoys. Seems kind of un-Revity to me, you?
If you decide to create a camera annotation how do you know exactly where it is after you place the camera? Good old "right click" will help, just select the view in the Project Browser, Right Click and choose Show Camera. Make a note of where it is and drop your annotation there.
Welcome to Steve Stafford's Blog ~ Revit OpEd = OPinion EDitorial ~ My view of things Revit, both real and imagined.
Friday, February 03, 2012
3 comments:
And while we are at it, make all editing tools available in camera views! Many Revit users and newbies would benefit from this.
I'm tempted to draw a crosshair on my monitor for this kind of stuff. Dead pixels work great as well.
For those of us who have gotten rid of our surplus crt's in stead of putting them to work, wouldn't a custom video card driver be able to generate a crosshair or some such? - 12:58 PM
- Robin Capper said...
Yeah, a camera symbol with plot/no plot would be nice. Kinda like that AutoCAD platform building modeller has :)
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Welcome to E-Books Directory
This is a freely downloadable e-book.
Linux 101 Examination: Modular Training Notes
Read this book online or download it here for free
Custom Search
Linux 101 Examination: Modular Training Notes
Publisher: Leading Edge Business Solutions 2006
Number of pages: 233
This course material is based on the objectives for the Linux Professionals Institute's LPI 101 examination (specifically, release 2 of the objectives). The course is intended to provide you with the basic skills required for operating and administering Linux systems.


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gbaji wrote:
Jophiel wrote:
gbaji wrote:
I've never see so many people get so butthurt over something in my life.
I'm glad we agree. But thanks for providing us all with the daily lulz. Maybe tomorrow you can wet your pants and throw a hissy fit over something else and amuse us again?


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Sunday, 26 February 2012
Sunny Sunday
11 comments:
Thanks Sondra. Stocking up on more apples later this morning. And the gel.....strange stuff lol
Thanks Marc. The Blue Tits can be good at posing sometimes can't they :-)
Thank you Wilma. We've got a few round the lake now, so never stuck for subjects. :-)
Thanks Andrew. You could do my garden when you've finished. lol
Thank you Adrian. At least you got back though. I bet the dogs thought it a grand adventure.
Thanks Trevor. The sun makes such a difference. Today looks cloudy though.Hello Keith
Now I wait for the morning to see the wonders that you have filmed.
Son coltpita the attention that you reserve the Crows.
Now they're the official supplier of food!.
Tender the "Robin", as it moves around the festive food.
A place that is untouched, except for some small distraction.
My son liked the Herons and the Cormorant.
congratulations for the photo shoot in the air.
Sunny days
Niki ..


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ECTACO Partner EKS430T English <-> Korean <-> Spanish Dictionary Software Emulator for Windows
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Quick Links:
Desiree Alliance
Best Practices Policy Project
Sin City Chamber of Commerce
Dubbed the "patriotic prostitute," a campaign centered on the idea that prostitution should be decriminalized to protect women from violence began in October 2003 with The Sex Workers Outreach Project. SWOP is an outgrowth of the anger and frustration that Few feels as a result of her federal bust. "Until prostitutes have equal protection under the law and equal rights as human beings, there is no justice."
SWOP Australia is the sister organization that the USA counterpart is modeled on, although the myriad of services that SWOP-AU provides cannot actually be put in place until prostitution is decriminalized in the U.S. "Until prostitutes are no longer criminals why would they come forward and allow themselves to become targets for law enforcement? Decriminalization is the beginning of the solution, it's not the solution itself."
On SWOP USA Video Profile Video: Robyn Few: A Sex Worker Coming Out of the Closet Video: SWOP Chicago Interview NEWS: Lessons in Leopard Skin On Wikipedia
welcome about us calendar news legal page resources get involved! links


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QUICK NEWS, August 22: NEW ENERGY OFFERS MICHIGAN JOBS; DO NOTHING CONGRESS COSTS WIND JOBS – STUDY; NEW ENERGY IN THE 2012 MARKET
NEW ENERGY OFFERS MICHIGAN JOBS Michigan State study: state ballot proposal would create over 74,000 jobs
Carl Levesque, August 17, 2012 (Wind Energy Weekly)
"At least 74,495 Michigan jobs will be created if the Michigan Energy Michigan Jobs renewable energy ballot proposal passes in November...[According to Michigan State University's Projected Job and Investment Impacts of Policy Requiring 25% Renewable Energy by 2025 in Michigan, the proposal] would create more than $10 billion in new investments…
"…[T]he proposal would create 31,513 jobs from construction and 42,982 jobs from operations and maintenance. A range of additional job impacts could follow passage of the proposal…All told, the initiative would create between 74,495 and 113,845 jobs in Michigan…Under the proposed RPS, the 25 percent threshold would be met in increments, with wind, solar, hydro and biomass qualifying as resources…"
"…The proposal includes a 1 percent cap on electricity rate increases, a provision that answers any possible claims by opponents that the RPS would negatively impact consumers' wallets…
"…Given the current cost of electricity in the state, the RPS would not be expected to trigger such a rate cap, even without the federal Production Tax Credit, wind power's crucial primary policy driver that is awaiting extension. Current power-price revenues for the two largest utilities in the state are at around $100 per megawatt-hour, and wind power purchase agreements in the state range between $65 and $95/MWh.) Currently Michigan has an RPS of 10 percent by 2015…"
DO NOTHING CONGRESS COSTS WIND JOBS – STUDY Study Confirms PTC Uncertainty's Impact On Wind Jobs, Reveals Top States For Clean Energy Jobs
16 August 2012 (North American Windpower)
"As many as 37,409 jobs could be created from the more than 70 major clean energy projects announced across the U.S. during the second quarter of this year [but the potential end of the production tax credit (PTC) already is putting a damper on the growth of the wind industry], according to a recent report from Environmental Entrepreneurs (E2), a national group of business leaders who advocate for sound economic and environmental policies…
"In the second quarter, E2 tracked 12 wind project announcements that are poised to create about 2,300 jobs, compared to 31 wind project announcements that would create more than 9,100 jobs in the first quarter of this year…[but] uncertainty over the production tax credit…[is] already taking its toll on job creation in that sector…"
"…[T]he top [5] states for clean energy jobs in the second quarter were…California (16 projects announced with 20,879 possible jobs)…Florida (three projects announced with 7,375 possible jobs)…New York (three projects announced with 1,408 possible jobs)…Michigan (nine projects announced with 1,319 possible jobs)…Colorado (two projects announced with 1,100 possible jobs)…
"Clean energy projects were announced in 30 states in the second quarter. Nearly one-third of the announcements were in Midwest states, including Michigan, Ohio and Illinois."
NEW ENERGY IN THE 2012 MARKET Clean Edge Stock Index Update – Q2 2012; Quarterly update on CELS, QWND, and QGRD through June 30, 2012
August 21, 2012 (Clean Edge)
"CELS is designed to track the performance of U.S.-listed companies that are primarily manufacturers, developers, distributors, or installers of clean-energy technologies. The Index lost 13.54 percent during Q2 2012 and is down 39.08 percent over the last 12 months…
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I have created a custom entity and a custom field of type "commerce_product_reference" (and an instance of this field for this entity).
Now I have this error showing up when disabling my module :
Invalid argument supplied for foreach() commerce_product_reference.module:810
The problem is commerce_product_reference_entity_info_alter() trying to alter the info of my "disabled" entity.
How to reproduce the problem :
- create a module implementing hook_entity_info(), thus creating a new entity ;
- create a field of type commerce_product_reference and the related instance, using commerce_product_reference_create_instance() or your customized code ;
- enable the module ;
- disable the module.
I think commerce_product_reference_entity_info_alter() should test whether $entity_info[$entity_type] exists or not (#810).
Comment | File | Size | Author |
#2 | 1482038-2.product_view_modes.patch | 1.77 KB | rszrama |
PASSED: [[SimpleTest]]: [MySQL] 3,551 pass(es). View |
Assigned: | Unassigned | » amateescu |
Status: | Active | » Postponed (maintainer needs more info) |
Can you please try to see if the patch from #1361562-6: Re-enabling Commerce causes a PHP Fatal Error also fixes your problem?
Assigned: | amateescu | » Unassigned |
Status: | Postponed (maintainer needs more info) | » Needs review |
File | Size |
1482038-2.product_view_modes.patch | 1.77 KB |
PASSED: [[SimpleTest]]: [MySQL] 3,551 pass(es). View |
Looking into that entity info alter code, I see two things wrong:
- As the original poster implied, if a field instance was attached to a now disabled entity type, we're generating an error when we try to loop over $entity_info[$entity_type], because $entity_type is derived directly from the field_config_instance table.
- Additionally, we're creating view modes without checking to see if a field instance is deleted. There's a little column there for checking that, so I've added a condition on that column to the query.
Patch uploaded for the test bot.


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for an extensive explanation of M-Theory see Robert Greene's book The Elegant Universe
Superstring theory is a theory in 10 dimensions. There are 5 different flavours of supersting theory and for a while much confusion over why this was the case. In 1995 Edward Witten created M-theory and explained that all versions of the theory were equivalent if they were considered as approximations to an 11 dimensional theory. This theory is M-theory and it is the current hot favourite for the theory of everything. In a series of lectures to the public (slides available from the Institite of Theoretical Physics Santa Barbra) Witten suggests that the M stands for Magic or Mystery.
Otherwise known as M Theory, Membrane Theory or the Theory of Everything or the coolest thing in modern Physics
Technical definition
M-theory is a recent extension of string theory in which the fundamental physical entities are considered as surfaces in a many-dimensional space rather than as lines or loop elements.
I think I understand that. See the problem is most of this stuff can only truly be explained by using the sort of mathematics that only about twelve people on the entire planet understand. I am not one of those twelve people. So what follows is necessarily a simplification of a complex subject.
The simple man's guide to modern theoretical physics
Now first of all there was the Standard Model of the universe that proposed that matter was made up of lots of tiny, invisible particles, (electrons, protons and stuff like that), and we had ideas like the Theory of Relativity and Quantum Theory to explain how these particles and forces interacted, which unfortunately appeared to be inconsistent and convinced physicists that somewhere there was another theory that would resolve the inconsitencies and prove a Theory of Everything.
Then along came String Theory which said that no, particles were really tiny, invisible strings, which with the inclusion of supersymmetry became Superstring Theory. Now fundamental to Superstring Theory was the idea that reality was composed of ten dimensions. Ten? Well yes, the three (normal) spatial dimensions, plus one for time and another six amazingly tiny spatial dimensions whose existence is beyond our perception. Hence whereas matter might consist of ten dimensional strings, the string would only 'appear' to us in our four dimensions as a particle.
Now for a time String Theory/Superstring Theory seemed to be a strong candidate for Einstein's long sought Unified Field Theory or Theory of Everything. Unfortunately as physicists struggled to explain all the weird shit in the universe they somehow ended up with five different theories, which is rather problematic for a possible Theory of Everything. (There's only supposed to be one.)
Now Supergravity Theory had been around for some time, and Supergravity Theory had always been convinced there were exactly eleven dimensions. But Supergravity Theory theory, being unfashionable, got ignored. Until Edward Witten, professor of physics at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and Paul Townsend of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at Cambridge jointly asked the question; what happens to Superstring Theory if you have eleven instead of ten dimensions? Answer; the strings turn into a membrane.
Hence was born M Theory, with the central amazing postulate, that our entire universe is a membrane; one single vast structure to which all the matter in the universe is connected. Which in itself is a pretty weird and wonderful concept. But wait, there's more.
On a train journey from Cambridge to London, en-route from a conference to see the play Copenhagen, three physicists Neil Turok, Paul Steinhardt and Burt Ovrut were discussing M Theory and the origin of the universe. What would happen if there was more than one membrane? What happens if they collide? Result, one Big Bang. No more singularity, no more broken equations. We have a (possible) explanation of how it all began.(Otherwise known as the ekpyrotic universe - see that node for a more detailed explanation.)
Welcome to the multiverse, where our universe co-exists with other membranes, other universes. In fact there could be an infinite number of membrane-universes, each with a utterly different law of physics. Big Bangs would be happening all the time.
If there is an infinite number of universes, then there will be an infinite number of occasions in which two membranes have collided to create a Big Bang exactly like the one that created our universe, with exactly the same physical laws, with exactly the same sequence of events since the moment of creation. Except that, in one of them Adolf Hitler was a talented and renowned painter and had no interest in politics; in another Cadwallon ap Cadfan won the Battle of Heavenfield; in another Mary and Joseph had a daughter and in yet another you had a mocha this morning instead of your usual latte arrived at the office two minutes later than usual and so missed bumping into the person that otherwise would have been the love of your life.
Every possible outcome that you can imagine will and has occured and will happen again. And again. (Infinity is a very big number, and turns the most improbable of events into an odds on certainty.)
The existence of multiple universes provides a possible explanation of why gravity is such a weak force in our universe. (Yes I know, gravity seemed strong enough that time you fell off that ladder, but physicists consider it weak compared to other forces.) The simple answer is that there is no gravity in our universe as such, what we have is gravity leaking in from an adjacent membrane-universe. Similarly there may be no need dark matter after all, no need for all that 'missing matter' to explain all anything
Of course all this is theory. It's a difficult thing proving the existence of eleven dimensional structures when your perceptions are limited to only four. If the concepts produce pretty equations with nice elegant solutions everybody's happy, as most physicists tend to think that there ought to be a nice elegant solution to the ultimate question.
And one more thing one. Physicist Alan Guth believes it may well be possible to create a membrane-universe in the laboratory. (If there's already an infinite number of them, one more is going to be neither here nor there.) He thinks he could create a universe.
Which if I read it correctly means that Alan Guth thinks he can become God.
Now I'm off to get myself a drink. (By the way, has anyone got a subtle knife I can borrow.)
Sources for this write up; Technical stuff at: http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci549055,00.html http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/gr/public/qg_ss.html but mainly inspired by a BBC Horizon documentary, the transcript of which is at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/horizon/2001/parallelunitrans.shtml
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The original Zion congregational school and chapel was opened in 1847. It consisted of two storeys with the chapel above the school and was enlarged in 1859.
A new building on Peel Street which can be viewed on Old Hyde was opened in April 1899.
One hundred years later it was replaced by the modern new Zion Church which opened in 2000.
A contribution to signs, signs.
Thursday, 31 May 2012
Sign of the Cross at Peel Street
6 comments:
- Beryl Williams30 May 2012 at 22:53
Sunday service at Zion is at 11 am. A warm welcome awaits any one who attends. Good photo Gerald.
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Maxwell School's Center for Policy Research names new director
A leading researcher on child and family policy and co-author of two recent Pew Charitable Trusts studies on economic mobility, Leonard Lopoo, has been named director of the Center for Policy Research (CPR), the oldest interdisciplinary social science research program at the Maxwell School of Syracuse University. Lopoo is associate professor of public administration and international affairs at the school.
"I am very pleased that Professor Len Lopoo has agreed to serve as the next director of the Center for Policy Research," says Maxwell School Dean James Steinberg. "Len is a talented researcher, a gifted teacher and a respected faculty member who will be an outstanding leader of one of Maxwell's largest and most prestigious interdisciplinary units. His appointment is effective immediately."
Lopoo joined the Maxwell faculty in 2003, when he also became a senior research associate at CPR. He has won numerous awards, including the Maxwell School's Daniel Patrick Moynihan Award for Outstanding Teaching, Research and Service and the Birkhead-Burkhead Teaching Excellence Award and Professorship from the school's Department of Public Administration.
Lopoo received his Ph.D. from the Harris School at the University of Chicago and completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University. His research focuses primarily on issues relating to the family: fertility, marriage, maternal employment and the public policies designed to assist the low-income population. He has published in a range of journals, including Demography, the Journal of Health Economics, the Journal of Human Resources, the Journal of Public Economics and the Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, for which he has been the social policy co-editor since 2008.
CPR was established in 1994; it absorbed the Maxwell School's famed Metropolitan Studies Program that was created in 1961. The center includes faculty from across Maxwell, mainly economics, public administration and sociology. This collection of specialists brings a depth of experience and skill to research and offers students a wealth of opportunity for discussion and advice on their own research, as well as the possibility of research assistantships on projects directed by the faculty. CPR also provides a base for visiting scholars from the United States and abroad. In addition to their teaching responsibilities, faculty typically work on a variety of research grants related to public policy, which involve graduate students as assistants. Faculty also consult regularly with government agencies and other institutions concerned with the issues they are studying.
In accepting the position, Lopoo observed that "The Center for Policy Research has long been the home of some of the most influential thinkers in the public policy arena. I am honored to work with such a distinguished group and look forward to our continued growth."


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Excellent boat trip will definitely do it again. Fist class staff, and very safe and friendly. We all had a really good time and did get to see some seals on the other side of... read more
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Share another experience before you go.Excellent boat trip will definitely do it again. Fist class staff, and very safe and friendly. We all had a really good time and did get to see some seals on the other side of... read more
Excellent boat trip will definitely do it again. Fist class staff, and very safe and friendly. We all had a really good time and did get to see some seals on the other side of Ramsey Island
Thank you very much for your kind review. We are delighted you had an amazing experience as you stated, and glad you felt that are crew made the experience even more enjoyable. We do take our feedback very seriously and have passed on your positive message to our team. Ramsey Island truly is a wonderful place, and there are some... More
We booked for the "offshore islands whale and dolphin watch" trip - the staff at the business were helpful in advising on the best day to come during our stay, based on the weather forecast and it turned out superbly! There is plenty of room and the boat is comfortable enough to make this longer trip feel a dream. The... More
Thank you so much for reviewing us. We are delighted that you enjoyed your trip with us. We aim to try and leave a lasting memory, and show how passengers exactly how beautiful this area really is. We look forward to seeing you again. Best wishes. More
What a day out. Thrilling, exhilarating, ride, followed by a wonderful experience in Dolphin sighting. I found the staff helpful and friendly, the guide on the boat was extremely informative, adding icing on the cake. I thoroughly intend going again. The price was well worth it, I came back feeling closer to our sea-life and definitely uplifted. Just WOW !!.
Thank you for your feedback. We really do value customers views, and its great to hear that you had a great time with us. Watching dolphins is a truly magical experience and we are so lucky we get to share this with our customers. We hope to see you again. Many thanks More
Having checked out other reviews on Trip Advisor for this company's boat trip to Ramsey Island we decided to go for it as it was so highly rated. We were certainly not disappointed. We had a fantastic time from start to finish. Impressed by the professional and helpful staff in the booking office and the excellent guide, skipper and host... More
Many thanks for taking the time to review us and your kind words. Delighted that you enjoyed your Voyage of Discovery and got to see all of what Ramsey Island has to offer. I must say we are very lucky to have such passionate staff, and its great to hear they helped enhance your time out at Ramsey Island. We... More
I have gone on this boat trip every year for the last 19 years. And this year it was the best yet! We saw so much wildlife this year, "Arnie" the seal (who 'terminates' porpoises), along with lots of other seals and a couple of pups! Porpoises swam right next to our boat, we saw deer on the island and... More
Firstly many thanks for your extremely kind worlds, and its great for us to hear that you thought to highly of our trip. Ramsey Island is a wonderful and incredible place to spend time and visit and im delighted to hear you got to witness all of what it has to offer. We looking forward to seeing you again next... More
We really enjoyed the trip around Ramsey Island. Daf and John gave very interesting talks about the island, its history and wildlife. I was fearful of going on the speed boat at first but really enjoyed the trip once we had set on.
Many thanks for your review, its always great to get feedback from our customers, and im delighted to hear the crew made you feel comfortable and you enjoyed the voyage. We hope to see you again soon. Kind regards. More
Really professional bunch of guys, from the booking and directions to st justinians, extra jackets to keep out the water and cold and a comfortable twin engined craft capable of covering the water at speed whilst feeling stable and safe. Our tour guide was very articulate and knowledgeable and our captain clearly knew how to handle his boat. Learnt a... More
Many thanks for your kind words, always great to hear such positive feedback. Im thrilled to hear that the voyage was so enjoyable for you, and that you got the get out and see all of what Ramsey has to offer. We looking forward to seeing you again soon. Best wishes. More
We had a lovely time and enjoyed the lovely views of Ramsay island. Both John and Dav were fantastic tour guides. Bouncing us around the sea. We got very wet and thoroughly enjoyed ourselves. Perfect hour of our day.
Thank you for your feedback. We really do value customers views, and its great to hear that you had a great time with us. We hope to see you again. Many thanks More
Went out on the 1hr trip around Ramsey island. It was great, very informative, John and Dav were fab!!! Would definitely recommend!
Many thanks for the review, im delighted to hear that it was enjoyable, and we hope to see you again soon. Best wishes. More
You never know quite what to expect when you're looking at booking a boat ride. Suffice to say, this couldn't have been better. The guy on the phone was great and informative. When we got to the boat, they ensured everyone was fine, warm, happy etc. They went through the most comprehensive and thorough safety briefing possible. It would reassure... More
Thank you for taking the time to review us, your feedback really helps us and future customers to know how we are performing. We are delighted that you all enjoyed your trip with us, and that staff in the office and out on the vessle made your trip pleasurable. We will be sure to pass all your feedback onto our... More
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If you're looking for anime similar to Elfen Lied, you might like these titles. All recommendations are made by Anime-Planet users like you!
Rin is a private investigator with an advantage: near immortality. Thanks to the spores of the Yggdrasill tree, both she and her assistant Mimi have lived many years longer than the average person. That isn't to say that being immortal doesn't have its problems. With 'angels' wanting to devour them, the being Apos sending wave after wave of professional assassins to kill them, and constant hangovers from long nights of drinking, being immortal still has its downsides. With Apos' attempts at removing them from the picture increasing, can Rin and Mimi figure out what he is after so they can return to their morning shots of Vodka?
10 votes
Gore, Killings and Fantasy, Ecchi; if you look for these kinds of things in your daily anime, then Mnemosyne and Elfen Lied are for you. Both animes feature deadl, mysterious women, with secrets. Both animes have an element of ecchiness in them, along with many gory scenes.
Elfen Lied and Mnemosyne revel in bloody violence, action, and nudity- so if those are your bag, these series are for you. That being said, they're also mysteries featuring tough female characters with special abilities and shadowy pasts. Both series are extremely campy.
This two anime are very much alike and especialy in ecchi and horror aspects.While Elfen Lied is abit more concentrated on horror with some pointless ecchi aspects Mnemosyne combines extreme horror with sexual themes in a way that no other anime does.Of course there are many differences between this two but in both ecchi and horror aspect they are kinda same.Im sure that if you liked one of this two shows you will definitely like the other as well.
Elfen Lied and Mnemosyne are right up there with each other in terms of similar gore, nudity, and vulgarity levels (high). Both of these anime also have strong non-human female protagonists. Only major difference to note here, is that Mnemosyne does major year leaps forward in time every continuing episode, while Elfen Lied's story is told all in the same time-line.
So in turn, if you like one, you will most likely enjoy the other.
Both Elfen Lied and Mnemosyne are stunningly beautiful, but to find the source of their beauty you need to journey across a sea of fanservice and gore. They are both utterly tasteless, and they both feature doctors conducting medical experiments. Not to mention that they are both good.
Elfen Lied and Mnemosyne are perfect for each other! Both of these series are extremely action packed with great fighting scenes and tons of gory images in which the non-human females leads are the ones displaying.
Both of these animes are targeted at an older audience, and both have a female lead with a supernatural ability that forces them to struggle against a secretive organization of sorts.
Mnemosyne and Elfen Lied are both two of my favorite animes of their genre in their own right. They both have a very unique and often times outright sadistic feel to them. They both follow a female lead character who revels in fighting and killing while at the same time having a totally different and kindhearted side to them. I would definitely recommend you watch the other if you watch one, as I feel they compliment each other nicely.
A great deal of suspense, graphic violence, and nudity make Elfen Lied and Mnemosyne natural companions.
Both have blood, suspense, and great story lines. If you like one, chances are you'll like the other
In present day England, a war is being fought. The average citizen does not notice, but vampires are running rampant among the populace, and it's up to the Hellsing organization to contain the bloodsucker threat, using even their own weapons against them. Alucard, a vampire himself, is the best agent the organization has to offer, answering only to Integra Hellsing herself. No one knows much about this mysterious figure fighting against the occult, but things starts to change after he "recruits" a new agent to the establishment...
Alucard meets his female version Nyuu. Both of these anime have a residing darkness throughout the series; and we get a glimpse of the evil human nature. Both have a lot of gorry scenes with blood; so if you horror with a dip of mystery, make sure you watch Hellsing.
Both Hellsing and Elfen Lied have similarities in the way the story progresses, and the general idea of some kind of dark being killing a lot of people; but they have enough differences that you don't feel you're watching the same anime over on over again.
Both Hellsing and Elfen Lied contain a lot of killing and it all happens in cruel ways! So enjoy another blood-filled anime with a main character that can be simply sadistic at times.
Ultraviolence, sexuality, blood and gore; one should find plenty of these in both Hellsing and Elfen Lied, but with a twist. These shows have multiple layers, and behind the glossy animation lies a hidden symbolism, an allegory about the modern world.
Anyone who is into death, gore and darkness would like Elfen Lied and Hellsing. If you like one, I'd highly recommend watching the other.
Hellsing tends to have the same type of dark serious feeling that Elfen Lied has, yet it does well for itself while mixing other various themes in such as: Humor, Drama, and horror. If you were a fan of Elfen Lied, you'd do well to check out Hellsing.
The shear amount of blood in these animes ties them together. Both Alucard and Lucy slaughter without hesitation, and both are pretty much indestructable. Both of these anime involve an organization that utilizes the same creature it hunts.
Angels are genteel and graceful messengers from Heaven, right? Wrong! Sakura Kusakabe will create an invention that inadvertently ruins the future for womankind and thus, angels from the future have arrived to do the only reasonable thing: assassinate him! Fortunately for Sakura, one of them, Dokuro-chan, takes a liking to him but her intentions to protect him prove downright lethal. When Sakura's not dodging her spiked bat Excalibolg, he's fighting for his life on river escapades. And when he's not quick enough, Dokuro-chan's catchy incantation brings him back to life! Bludgeoning and blood splatters aside, can Dokuro-chan save the one she loves without damaging the future?
7 votes
I don't know about anyone else, but a large part of my enjoyment of Elfen Lied was derived from unintentional humor. I suppose it's possible to take Elfen Lied completely seriously, but the series goes so over the top that I'm pretty sure everyone cracks up a little. On the other hand, Dokuro-chan is fully aware that its gore is funny, and uses it to generate some of its biggest laughs.
In any case, feel free to ignore this recommendation if you thought that Elfen Lied was a serious drama piece (haha what?), or if you thought Dokuro-chan was stupid and tasteless. However, if you think gore can be funny, the enjoyment you got from one should easily transfer over to the other... you sick bastard.
Both series have a sense of comedy, despite all the blood spilled. Dokuro-chan has much more comedy, while Elfen Lied is more of a head-trip, but they both have a similar feel.
Bokusatsu also contains large amounts of gore. The difference is that it is a comedy show.
If after watching Elfen Lied you're looking for something more lighthearted, but still within the same genre, this is worth a look.
Like blood? Gore? Naked chicks? Both Dokuro-chan and Elfen Lied are jam-packed with them. Each has many unexpected events that leave you craving more.
If you think gore is funny then these two anime might just become your favorite anime ever! Dokuro-Chan is a bit more blatantly comical with its violence than Elfen Lied, but you will laugh during either. Also nudity never hurts when it comes to comedy... Not to mention they both have amazing theme songs! ^_^
Unlike Dokuro-chan, Elfen lied is emotionally scarring... I have yet to recover from the trauma induced by the true horror of Elfen Lied. *excessive sobbing* :_(
Elfen Lied and Dokuro-chan have characters who love to kill but you can't blame them, because they are cute and just looking for their true love! Any man on Earth would love to be killed by Dokuro-chan; after all, she has magic skills and she can resurrect you! But to get killed by Lucy (in Elfen Lied) is a bit of a problem, due to the fact that afterwards you wont be able to put your head back in place (just pray that she gets her head bumped first to make her second cute personality appear).
Both anime got ecchi and lots of gore so if you like when people get splattred all over the place theese are the anime for you.
Lucy and Dokuro chan also have a similarity, they both lite killing people (often accidently)
Have you ever felt like the world would be a better place if certain people weren't around? Such grim daydreams might occur when watching the dismal daily news, but on one fateful day, Light Yagami finds that these daydreams can become reality. By pure happenstance, he comes across a black notebook entitled "Death Note", whose text within states that whoever's name is written on its pages will die. With the aid of the death god Ryuk, Light takes it upon himself to rid the world of its corruption, ushering in a new era of purity one death at a time. But as Ryuk foretells, Light's actions will not go unchallenged...
Both Death Note and Elfen Lied contain a ruthless murderer who uses unusual techniques to eliminate a mass of people, and both anime have special task forces set up to stop the insanity. In both cases, the true identity of the killer is hidden. Each is head-scratcher and chin-scratcher, and is filled with mystery, ensuring thorough entertainment.
Elfen Lied and Death Note involve the morally skewed notion of murdering people ruthlessly. Each series is deliberately made to be graphically morbid throughout, while still set to elegant music. The murders also take place in unnatural ways while demonstrating the grotesque mindset of the killers.
The perfect pair! Both anime make you understand and "fall in love" with a monster that actually wants to destroy the current world. The plot is excellent in both stories keeps you up all the time. Also they both make you wonder about your beliefs and your way of thinking.
Yagami Light is a very smart student who is disgusted with the corruption and deceit that he believes is ruling the world. He is lucky enough to find to find the notebook dropped by a death god named Ryuuk. THe deaths of several criminals that he had selected proved the authenticity of the notebook and it's powers. With this new power now makes him think like a god as he strives to create a new world free from suffering that he can rule over. If you like Elfen Lied maybe you'd also like to watch this series packed with action and suspence in each episode.
These series are both extremely dark and have very psychological plots. Also, main characters in each happen to be cold blooded mass murders with some sort of a very like-able alter ego. Finally, both of the series have extremely elegant sound tracks that seem to fit well with the scenes where murder takes place, making death almost seem elegant.
Both have similar story lines in which they both have to do with Death. I found that both Death Note and Elfen Lied have interesting storys for anyone who likes killing, even though that may seem a little twisted.
Both Elfen Lied and Death Note involve killing a mass amount of people using supernatural methods.
Kagura and Yomi are two girls who have a bond that cannot be broken. While once they fought side by side against the supernatural forces that threaten the planet, fate had something different in store for these star-crossed companions. Yet to understand the present, one must first experience the past – a time before Kagura's involvement with the Supernatural Disaster Prevention Agency. Always cheery and good-natured to a fault, the young Kagura first meets Yomi when she is invited into her home. Over time, the two battle malicious spirits and grow closer together – but soon, more terrifying foes begin to reveal themselves. A swarm of glowing blue butterflies and a mysterious stone are harbingers of darker things to come, and one thing's for sure: Kagura and Yomi will never be the same.
7 votes
Also a drama intensed psychological gore filled anime. There are several parallel philosophical themes too. It's scattered with some very touching moments and some funny ones too. The music for GRZ is also very beautiful but not as poignant as EL. GRZ is a fantasy based anime centering around exocism but the main reason I think someone who liked EL would like GRZ because it focuses in on the interplay between 2 or 3 major characters and the trials that test their relationships which may also include the very nature of one of the characters.
If you liked the action, violence, gore and the tragic story behind either Elfen Lied or Ga Rei Zero then you'd probably enjoy the other for much of the same reason.
Character relationships and the ensuing drama/tragedy are the major driving forces of both shows. Strong impressions will be left by at least one of them if not both works.
While Ga Rei Zero and Elfen Lied are both very dark and violent, they also spend a lot of time developing the relationships between the key characters. Both shows have great character development and it is interesting to watch the evolving relationships between the characters.
Both shows also feature great if different soundtracks.
Both deal with supernatural powers in a very violent way, with lots of blood and flying limbs falling through the screen. Stories are dramatic, and intertwine violent scenes, where female protagonist is goes mad, with lighter slice-of-life moments.
Each of these series are graphic and violent in nature but manage to have a strong drama underneath. The visuals and soundtracks for each of these series are also very good.
Both seris have kick ass female leads, great action, humor, and blood everywhere but dont let that detract form how great these seris are they also have a bit of romance and just this ability to hook you in. I would highly recommend either to a fan of action with the right blend of comedy, not too much to make you fell like your watching crap but enough to keep it from being bleek.
Both shows have an sad story and both of them have gore moments altough Elfen Lied is the more gory one. they also both have their action moments and have a shocking first episode, if you enjoy a sad tale or action show that have more than violance, you will enjoy both these shows.