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Questions about extreme intelligence in very young children
What are early signs of extreme intelligence?
Do profoundly gifted young children have specific developmental needs? How early can a child be tested for giftedness? What are some compelling reasons for testing a two-, three-, or four-year-old child who is suspected of being extremely gifted? What are some of the challenges in raising a profoundly gifted young child? What are some of the challenges in meeting a profoundly gifted young child's educational needs? What about play? Do highly and profoundly gifted preschoolers play differently from other children? What about preschool? Resources - Books, Articles, etc.
What are early signs of extreme intelligence? Infants, toddlers, and preschoolers in the very highest ranges of intelligence often demonstrate very specific characteristics. A recent developmental study of 241 profoundly gifted children between 160 and 237+ IQ (Stanford-Binet Form LM) discovered that:
94% were very alert as infants.
94% had a long attention span as an infant or toddler.
91% showed early language development.
60% showed early motor skill development.
48.9% were ambidextrous at some period of their development.
37% had imaginary playmates.
The mean age at which these children spoke their first word was 9 months.
The mean age at which the children sight-read an easy reader was before 4. (Rogers & Silverman, 1997)
These findings are consistent with those of Gross (1993) and Hollingworth (1942), whose studies of profoundly gifted children indicated that early and prolific use of language, unusual alertness in infancy, early manipulation of symbol systems, early abstract reasoning ability, and early reading - often before the age of four - were typical of the children they studied. These observations are also consistent with other case studies of profoundly gifted children, widely scattered by history, culture, and language. (See bibliography for further information.)
These children usually demonstrate other early signs of intellectual giftedness, as well. Rogers & Silverman (1988) provide a comprehensive discussion of these characteristics for parents, caregivers, and preschool teachers.
A helpful checklist of behaviors of young gifted children is available here, (scroll down to "Some Behaviors of Young Gifted Children")
A chart displaying typical normal developmental milestones in childhood, and the timetable for a child who is 30% advanced, may be found here.
However, it is very important to note that it is also possible for a child to be extremely gifted, and not necessarily demonstrate these characteristics. For example, Albert Einstein did not talk until he was four. Although early reading is common among profoundly gifted children, some children with extraordinary intellectual gifts nevertheless do not read until they begin school. Profoundly gifted children sometimes also have a disability that prevents them from demonstrating some of these characteristics; the existence of both disabilities and giftedness in the same person are not mutually exclusive
For more information, see:
Annotated Bibliography and Resource Guide , found at the end of this section.
Farmer, D. "Some Ideas on Parenting Gifted Preschoolers" Article contains an excellent chart estimating the normal developmental timetable for developmental milestones in toddler and preschool development, and the timetable for a child who is 30% advanced.
Gross, M. U. M. (1993). Exceptionally gifted children. London and New York: Routledge.
Hollingworth. L. S. (1942). Children above 180 IQ, Stanford-Binet: Origin and development. Yonkers-on-Hudson: World Book.
Rogers, M.T., & Silverman, L. K. (1988, November). Recognizing giftedness in young children. Understanding Our Gifted.
Back to Questions
Do profoundly gifted young children have specific developmental needs? Yes. One of the most common issues these children face are the consequences of their asynchronous development. Parents often describe these children as "many ages at once." The young preschool child may be able to discuss Einstein's theory of relativity with you one minute, but refuse to eat his green beans or need help tying his shoes the next! This is because the child's intellectual development is proceeding at a much more rapid rate than physical or social or emotional development. Although this is perfectly normal for an extremely gifted child, it does present certain problems and challenges, especially in an age-segregated society. Profoundly gifted children may literally be able to comprehend intellectually what they are not ready to deal with emotionally. They may be able to construct a complex story with plot and characterization that is more typical of a middle school student while they are only the tender age of four, but they still usually have the motor skills of a four- year-old and cannot write their story down. They may have perfectly age-appropriate reactions to events, but because of their large vocabularies and ability to think abstractly in some ways, they find that adults expect them to act older than they really are in all settings. Hollingworth (1942) stated that the ages between four and nine were the most difficult, after babyhood, for this sort of problem.
Gross, M. U. M. (1999). Small poppies: Highly gifted children in the early years. Roeper Review, 21 (3), 207-214.
Kearney, K. (1992). Life in the asynchronous family. Understanding Our Gifted, 4(6), 1, 8-12.
Morelock, M. J. (2000). A sociolinguistic perspective of exceptionally high IQ in children. In R. C. Friedman & B. Shore (Eds.), Talents Unfolding: Cognition and development. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
Morelock, M. J. (1992). Giftedness: The view from within. Understanding Our Gifted, 4(3), 1, 11-15.
Silverman, L. K. "Different worlds at the extremes"
How early can a child be tested for giftedness? Technically, the Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale (both the Fourth Edition and Form L-M) can be used with children as young as 2 years, 0 months; the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence - Revised (WPPSI-R) is designed for use with children as young as age three.
However, testing very young children under age four is not usually recommended unless there is a compelling reason. Two- and three-year-olds (even the brightest ones) are a challenge to test. Children this age get hungry, tired, have wet diapers, and often do not react positively to strangers. They may prefer to play with the examiner's test materials in their own way, rather than do what the examiner asks. They sometimes simply refuse to respond to the examiner at all. They may need a parent present during the test session. In the case of gifted young children, to reach a ceiling on the test, the examiner must ask a number of questions designed for older children, lengthening the usual testing time. A very young gifted child may tire before the test is completed, and not give his or her best effort to all the questions. An examiner skilled at testing preschoolers can ameliorate some of these difficulties, of course. However, unless there is a very good reason to test a preschool gifted child, it is better to wait until just before kindergarten entrance, when the test results are usually more reliable and the child is old enough to cooperate fully in the testing situation.
Morelock, M. J., & Feldman, D. H. (1992). The assessment of giftedness in preschool children. In E. B. Nuttall, I. Romero, & J. Kalesnik (Eds.), Assessing and screening preschoolers: Psychological and educational dimensions (pp. 301-309). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Osborn, J. (1998) Assessing gifted children. (This is a slightly expanded version of an article that first appeared in Understanding Our Gifted, Winter, 1998, p. 9 -12).
What are some compelling reasons for testing a two-, three-, or four-year-old child who is suspected of being extremely gifted? Availability of a special preschool program for gifted children. A handful of private preschools for gifted children exist in this country. Additionally, the state of Louisiana is the only state in the nation that mandates that an IEP and special educational services be provided to highly and profoundly gifted preschool children ages three and four. These children must have IQs three or more standard deviations above the norm (145 IQ on the WPPSI-R; 148 IQ on the Stanford-Binet). If you live in an area with a special preschool for gifted children, or, if you live in the state of Louisiana, and you think that you may have an extremely gifted child, you might want to consider having your child tested. Be sure to check first with the private preschool program or, in Louisiana, with state and local school officials. Many programs require that only certain approved examiners conduct the assessment, or that your child be tested within a certain timeframe or using a specific test.
You suspect that your child may have a disability in addition to being gifted. Both research and best practices support the importance of early intervention with children who have disabilities. If the child is also gifted, disabilities can be masked by the giftedness, and vice versa. Young, very bright children often develop a wide variety of coping mechanisms to ameliorate the effects of a disability. If you suspect that your child has a physical, learning, behavioral, or other disability and is also very bright, a full evaluation is in order. In this case, you do not have to pay for the evaluation yourself; federal law requires states to provide assessment and early intervention services for children with disabilities from birth to age five. Keep in mind, however, that the purpose of the evaluation will be to identify a possible disability; the tests used may or may not be tests that can also indicate possible extreme giftedness. It is likely, however, that a preschool evaluation for a disability will include some kind of cognitive testing, and the Stanford-Binet Fourth Edition and the WPPSI-R are the two most commonly used IQ tests for young children.
The child is demonstrating intense cognitive, social, or emotional needs related to his or her intelligence which warrant evaluation. Some young, extremely gifted children have difficulty forming friendships, because their play is much more complex than that of most children. Other young gifted children may have marked emotional or sensory sensitivities, or a "rage to learn" which cannot be adequately met in the home or preschool environment. If this is the case, an earlier-than-usual evaluation may be warranted, in order to provide both the parents and the preschool with guidance.
You want to have your child participate in a research project. Research on very young, profoundly gifted children is quite limited. In addition, the inclusion of young gifted children in research studies investigating other areas of child development is also limited. The same holds true for the inclusion of extremely gifted children in the norming of most tests and other developmental measures. At some point, you may have the opportunity to participate in a research study, the norming of a test, or a pilot study regarding the use of a particular test instrument, and you may have a desire to help the scientific community to better understand extreme giftedness. Most of these studies will involve the administration of one or more tests or measures. If you want to participate, and feel that participation would not be detrimental or difficult for your child, this certainly could constitute another good reason for allowing early testing. Make sure before agreeing to participate that you understand completely what the research involves, what measures will be administered, who is sponsoring or overseeing the research, and what the results will be used for. The researchers should maintain your child's and family's confidentiality, and should require you to sign an informed consent agreement.
Preschool Gifted Education Services in Louisiana: The state of Louisiana is the only state that mandates special education for highly and profoundly gifted preschool children. Louisiana sponsors five public preschool programs in urban areas specifically for these students; if preschool children are identified as highly gifted in other areas of Louisiana, individual educational programs are developed. Children must score three standard deviations above the mean on an individual IQ test (approximately IQ 145) to qualify.
What are some of the challenges in raising a profoundly gifted young child? Raising any young child is a combination of joys and challenges. Raising a profoundly gifted child is no different. However, the types of challenges may be. Generally, these children require more intellectual stimulation, even as infants, than other children do, but most families are able to respond adequately to this need in babyhood and the toddler years. It is when the child first begins to interface with the outside world -- and when parents first must deal with age restrictions concerning access to educational opportunities -- that the challenges become more apparent. Most families feel that the beginning of school (whether preschool or kindergarten) is the time when their child's difference from other children becomes more apparent and more problematic. At the same time, most educational environments are designed for normally developing children who progress at the normal rate through age-appropriate skills and curriculum. Such an educational program is often a true mismatch for a profoundly gifted child. This may be a family's first indication that their child is developing at a vastly different rate, intellectually, from others. Entrance into an early education program is often the first time the child feels "different" from others, as well. It is not uncommon for young, extremely gifted children to begin to verbalize this difference. It is also not uncommon for these children (especially girls) to begin to hide skills and abilities they have developed which other children do not yet have. Finding an appropriate educational environment, while simultaneously balancing the other areas of a profoundly gifted child's development, is one of the greatest challenges these families face.
Many families also discover that the presence of such a child changes some of the dynamics of the family system as well, including family expectations, relationships with relatives, and the marital relationship itself. Like families with other exceptional children, families who have a profoundly gifted child may grieve for some of the things they are missing - being able to freely share and compare a child's accomplishments with other moms or dads at the playground; being able to provide their child with a "normal" school experience free from the distractions of seemingly endless meetings on how to adapt curriculum; having a wide variety of children with whom the child shares interests, skills, play, and social events. But families should remember that profoundly gifted children also usually bring a great deal of joy and creativity into the family circle.
Robinson, N. M. (1993). Parenting the very young, gifted child (RBDM 9308). Storrs, CT: The National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented, University of Connecticut.
What are some of the challenges in meeting a profoundly gifted young child's educational needs? Profoundly gifted young children often develop the skills of reading, writing, and numerical processes years before their peers. It is not uncommon for a four-year-old profoundly gifted child who has already learned to read to be reading and comprehending such books as Little House on the Prairie or The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe. Obviously, a child who has mastered the basics of reading and mathematics in the preschool years will have little to do in a kindergarten or first grade classroom where these basic skills are emphasized. Families and schools, therefore, need to be prepared to both enrich and/or accelerate the curriculum, depending on the child's interests and development in other areas.
Options include early entrance to kindergarten or first grade; acceleration in one or more subject areas; a mentor in an interest area; home enrichment or homeschooling; an individualized, self-paced educational program in one or more subjects; deep exploration of topics of individual interest; early admission to the gifted program (in most school systems, gifted programs don't start until third grade); cluster grouping with other gifted and highly gifted children in a regular classroom; or placement in a full-time, self-contained preschool or kindergarten for highly gifted children.
Parents of profoundly gifted young children should realize that as the child's development progresses, his or her educational needs will change, too. It is advisable to be flexible, to be willing to make a major educational intervention if necessary, and to prepare to make mid-course corrections in an educational program if it appears that the child's ongoing development warrants an educational change.
Elkind, D. (1988). Acceleration. Young Children, 43 (4), 2.
Robinson, N. M., & Weiner, L. J. (1991). Selection of candidates for early admission to kindergarten and first grade. In W. T. Southern & E. D. Jones (Eds.), The academic acceleration of gifted children. New York: Teachers College Press.
Tolan, S. S. Stuck in Another Dimension: The Exceptionally Gifted Child in School.
What about play? Do highly and profoundly gifted preschoolers play differently from other children? The research literature indicates that the play of highly and profoundly gifted children is often much more complex than the play of their age-mates. Profoundly gifted young children are able to play games with complex rules long before most of their age-mates are ready, and often create extensive dramatic and imaginative play with complex plots and characterization that extends over time (sometimes over weeks or years!). This can have both salutary and deleterious effects. Play is one way that young children make sense of the world; young, extremely gifted children use complex play to make sense of the complexity they perceive, intellectually, in the world around them. When a profoundly gifted child attempts to engage in complex play with other children who cannot follow the complexity, however, the result may be that the other children simply walk away. The profoundly gifted child is left with a dilemma - adapt his or her play to the way most children play, or play alone. The middle ground is to provide the child with several sets of peers - some older, for more complex play, and some same-age peers, for play involving physical skills, which are usually much closer to the child's actual chronological age. A second alternative is to find a group of other young, highly gifted children for a playgroup.
Wright, L. (1990). The social and nonsocial behaviors of precocious preschoolers during free play. Roeper Review, 12 (4), 268-274.
What about preschool? Few parents of profoundly gifted preschoolers have available to them a preschool environment designed specifically for highly gifted children. If such a program does exist in your area, it is strongly recommended that you investigate this option for your child.
If this option is not available to you, then you need to decide what is most important to you regarding preschool education for your child. Some families simply want a high-quality daycare setting, because both parents work. Others feel that a preschool environment is needed to help the child separate from the parents and to learn social skills. Still other families hope that the preschool environment will provide intellectual stimulation and intellectual discovery for the young gifted child. It is not common, but also not impossible, to find one preschool setting that will meet each of these needs, even if there is no preschool specifically for gifted children in your area. It is likely that if you do have a profoundly gifted preschooler, there will be few or no other children like him or her in the preschool. In this case, it is essential that the preschool provide a nurturing environment that does not, knowingly or unknowingly, hold children back (academically or in any other way). Some families of extremely gifted preschool children have found it advantageous to consider preschools that are associated with a university campus, since many resources are available and often many other gifted children are enrolled (even though they may not have been identified yet). Other families have had positive experiences with Jewish Community Center preschools, since these preschools often emphasize both early Hebrew language instruction and child-centered, but very advanced, intellectual explorations. Both curricular approaches are enormously challenging to a very gifted young child, whether or not he or she belongs to that particular faith community. Still other families have taken advantage of a language-immersion preschool to provide an intensive foreign language experience to a highly gifted young child. Another possibility is an organized playgroup or a parent co-op preschool, organized with a few other parents of gifted preschoolers. (If you choose this option, be sure to check on local licensing requirements).
Smutny, J. F., Walker, S. Y., & Meckstroth, E. A. (1997). Teaching Young Gifted Children in the Regular Classroom : Identifying, Nurturing, and Challenging Ages 4-9. Minneapolis, MN: Free Spirit Publishing. (ISBN: 1575420171).
Wright, L. (1993). Preschools for the gifted: What to look for. Understanding Our Gifted, 5(5), 1, 10-13.
Wright, L., & Coulianos, C. (1991). A model program for precocious children: Hollingworth Preschool. Gifted Child Today, 14 (5), 24-25.
Preschool Gifted Education Services in Louisiana: The state of Louisiana is the only state that mandates special education for highly and profoundly gifted preschool children. Louisiana sponsors five public preschool programs in urban areas specifically for these students; if preschool children are identified as highly gifted in other areas of Louisiana, individual educational programs are developed. Children must have a score on an individual IQ test three standard deviations above the norm (approximately IQ 145) to qualify.
Child Development Preschool, University of Washington, Seattle: This 1970s experimental preschool focused on highly, exceptionally, and profoundly gifted children. Although no longer in existence, the reports and materials developed from the project may be useful to those working with preschool highly gifted children today.
ERIC documents can be accessed in two ways. Many colleges and universities, especially those with teacher training programs, have the entire ERIC holdings on microfiche, which you can read using a special reader at the library. Call ahead if you are interested in accessing the documents this way. You can also order your own paper or microfiche copy of the document by accessing the order form here.
Robinson, H. B., & others. (1977). Identification and Nurturance of Extraordinarily Precocious Young Children. Annual Report to the Spencer Foundation (Granting Period: September 1976 through August 1977). ERIC NO: ED151095
Robinson, H. B., & others. (1978). Identification and Nurturance of Extraordinarily Precocious Young Children. Annual Report to the Spencer Foundation (Granting Period: September 1977 through August 1978). ERIC NO: ED162756
Roedell, W. C., & Robinson, H. B. (1977). Programming for Intellectually Advanced Preschool Children; A Program Development Guide. Preliminary Draft. ERIC NO: ED151094
Resources - Highly, Exceptionally, and Profoundly Gifted Young Children: Babies, Toddlers, and Preschoolers
Books Articles, Book Chapters, and Monographs ListServs and Bulletin Boards Online Instructional Guides and Materials Preschool Programs for Highly and Profoundly Gifted Children Audio and Video Tapes
Books Baumgarten, F. (1930). Wunderkinder: Psychologische untersuchungen. Leipzig: Johann Ambrosius Barth. A classic text on child prodigies. This book describes the early development of several child prodigies. (Available only in German).
Cox, C. M. (1926). The early mental traits of three hundred geniuses. (Vol. 2). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Volume 2 of Terman's monumental Genetic Studies of Genius, Cox's study painstakingly traces through biographical material the early development of 300 eminent individuals. Although her methodology of assigning childhood and adult IQs to individuals who had been long dead has been soundly criticized, the biographical data is carefully collected. She features many individuals in the very highest ranges of intellect. For many of them, she provides detailed information regarding their early childhood development.
Feldman, D. H. (1986). Nature's gambit: Child prodigies and the development of human potential. New York: Basic Books. Feldman's study of six male child prodigies includes extensive descriptions of the children's development in babyhood and early childhood. This volume includes case study material on an "omnibus prodigy" who scored well above 200 IQ.
Gross, M. U. M. (1993). Exceptionally gifted children. London and New York: Routledge. Gross studied children above 160 IQ in Australia. This volume features individual case studies of many of these children, with clear descriptions of their development in infancy and the preschool years, as well as their later adaptation to the school environment.
Grost, A. (1970). Genius in residence. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. This is a mother's story. Audrey Grost describes, from a mother's perspective, what it was like to raise a 200-IQ math prodigy from babyhood through his early college entrance at age 10. One memorable description provided by Grost is that of her one-year-old child lining up the canned goods in the kitchen cupboard by size, contents, and brand name. Grost includes a wealth of detail about the early childhood development of her son. The book is written in a style that is entertaining and occasionally hilarious.
Hollingworth's classic text on the development of children above 180 IQ includes case studies of twelve children in this range of intelligence. Each case study includes information about the infancy and preschool development of each child.
Klein, P. S., & Tannenbaum, A. J. (Eds.). (1992). To be young and gifted. Norwood, NJ: Ablex. This very valuable text on gifted young children includes an entire chapter by Miraca Gross on the early childhood development of three children above 200 IQ.
McCurdy, H. G., with Follett, H. (1966). Barbara: The unconscious autobiography of a child genius. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Barbara Follett was a writing prodigy, and probably a very high IQ child (although apparently she was never formally tested.) McCurdy constructed this psychobiography of Barbara after her mysterious disappearance at age 25. Her mother contacted him with a collection of Barbara's writing saved from her preschool years until the day she disappeared. This volume contains many examples of the original writing of a brilliant young child; particularly useful for those interested in the development of writing in gifted young children.
Radford, J. (1990). Child prodigies and exceptional early achievers. New York: The Free Press. Primarily using popular press prints, Radford traces the development of child prodigies and "exceptional early achievers" in a number of domains. Included are many anecdotal descriptions of the infancy and early childhood development of these children. The structure of the book is a bit scattered; readers will need to spend time to ferret out the relevant details on early childhood development, or use the references in the book to retrieve the primary source material.
Wallace, A. (1986). The prodigy: A biography of William James Sidis, America's greatest child prodigy. New York: E. P. Dutton.
This comprehensive biography of child prodigy William James Sidis provides an in depth look at his babyhood and early childhood. Wallace used a variety of primary source materials, including family records, press prints, oral histories, diaries, and original examples of Sidis's preschool work. The reader will find a fascinating description of William's babyhood, as well as examples of his preschool projects, including his invented language Vendergood.
Weiner, N. (1953). Ex-prodigy: My childhood and youth. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Norbert Weiner, who became the father of the field of cybernetics, wrote his own autobiography. The volume is replete with Weiner's recollections of his early childhood years, including several passages where he comments on his own asynchronous development, how it was perceived in childhood, and how he perceived it as an adult.
Witte, K. (1914). The education of Karl Witte (L. Wiener, Trans.). Milwaukee: Bruce Publishing Company.
This volume is another parental account of raising a profoundly gifted child. Hollingworth drew liberally on this account in her review of the literature for her own text, Children Above 180 IQ.
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Articles, Book Chapters, and Monographs Bush, A. D. (1914). Binet-Simon tests of a thirty-nine months old child. Psychological Clinic, 250-257. When the original Binet-Simon Scales were released, Bush, a physician, decided to try them out on his own daughter. She scored unexpectedly high on the tests; Bush's conclusion was that the tests underestimated the abilities of American children, and wrote up the results on his own daughter as a case in point. However, the developmental information he includes demonstrates that his preschool daughter probably was an exceptionally gifted child.
Elkind, D. (1988). Acceleration. Young Children, 43(4), 2. Elkind's editorial, written while he was president of the National Association for the Education of Young Children, makes the case that grade acceleration for young gifted children in preschool and the early elementary grades is not "acceleration" but "tailoring" of the curriculum. Elkind maintains that this is developmentally appropriate practice for intellectually gifted young children.
Garrison, C. G., Burke, A., & Hollingworth, L. S. (1917). The psychology of a prodigious child. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1(2), 101-110. This is the original case study of Hollingworth's "Child E," from Children Above 180 IQ. "Child E" was originally discovered in the university kindergarten, and in this account, his kindergarten teacher and Hollingworth report many more observations of Child E's early development than appear in Hollingworth's later book.
Gross, M. U. M. (1999). Small poppies: Highly gifted children in the early years. Roeper Review, 21 (3), 207-214. This is Gross's classic article on the development and needs of profoundly gifted children in infancy, toddlerhood, and the preschool years.
Gross, M. U. M. (1992). The early development of three profoundly gifted children of IQ 200. In P. S. Klein & A. J. Tannenbaum (Eds.), To be young and gifted (pp. 94-138). Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation. Gross provides in depth case studies of the very early development of three children above 200 IQ
Henderson, S. J. (1993). Early development of language and literacy skills of an extremely precocious reader. Gifted Child Quarterly, 37 (2), 78-83. This comprehensive case study of a precocious reader provides a fascinating look at early literacy development in the preschool years.
Kearney, K. (1993). The Highly Gifted Baby. Understanding Our Gifted, 5(5), 15. Examples of extremely advanced development in infants and preschoolers are provided in this short article.
Kearney, K. (1992). Life in the asynchronous family. Understanding Our Gifted, 4(6), 1, 8-12. The impact of extreme giftedness on family development is the focus of this article. Many examples of advanced intellectual development in infancy and the preschool years are included.
Langenbeck, M. (1915). A study of a five-year-old child. Pedagogical Seminary, 65-88. This article is an early study of a very gifted five year old.
Lehndorff, H., & Falkenstein, L. (1955). Christian Heinrich Heinekin: The miracle baby from Lubeck. Archives of Pediatrics, 72, 360-377. Christian Heinekin was a well-known child prodigy in the 1700s. His astounding feats of memory, foreign language acquisition, and early reading were coupled with ill health, and he died at age four. This article in a medical journal traces his unusually precocious early development and the corresponding medical circumstances that precipitated his death. A fascinating look at the development of an extremely gifted child from another historical era, the article also provides corroborative evidence of patterns of extremely advanced intellectual development which correspond with what is experienced by some profoundly gifted children today.
McGuffog, C. (1987). The Diverse Profile of the Extremely Gifted child. Roeper Review, 10 (2), 82-89. This article focuses on the differences in development among extremely gifted young children.
McHardy, R. (1983, Sept/Oct). Planning for preschool gifted education. G/C/T, 24-27. In the early 1980s, the state of Louisiana mandated that special education services be provided for preschool highly gifted children from the age of three. Louisiana remains the only state in the nation to mandate services for preschool highly and profoundly gifted children. This early article by Louisiana's state gifted consultant delineates the original planning process conducted by the state when the mandate was first passed.
Morelock, M. J. (2000). A sociolinguistic perspective of exceptionally high IQ in children. In R. C. Friedman & B. Shore (Eds.), Talents Unfolding: Cognition and development. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. Morelock reviews the case of a profoundly gifted child through the lens of Vygotsky's theory, and focuses on the developmental issues encountered by early acquisition of language.
Morelock, M. J.; Morrison, K. (1999). Differentiating 'developmentally appropriate': The Multidimensional Curriculum Model for young gifted children. Roeper Review, 21(3), 195-200. Morelock and Morrison attempt to re-define "developmentally appropriate" curriculum to meet the intellectual and developmental needs of very advanced young preschool children.
Morelock, M. J., & Feldman, D. H. (1992). The assessment of giftedness in preschool children. In E. B. Nuttall, I. Romero, & J. Kalesnik (Eds.), Assessing and screening preschoolers: Psychological and educational dimensions (pp. 301-309). Boston: Allyn & Bacon. This is the only recent comprehensive book chapter on the assessment of preschool gifted children. It provides a short but comprehensive treatment of the topic.
Morelock, M. J. (1992). Giftedness: The View From Within. Understanding Our Gifted, 4(3), 1, 11-15. While not technically about gifted young children per se, this article provides an important developmental focus about giftedness, and introduces the Columbus Group definition of giftedness as asynchronous development. Highly recommended.
Robinson, H. B. (1981). The uncommonly bright child. In M. Lewis & L. A. Rosenblum (Eds.), The uncommon child . New York: Plenum Press. Robinson's chapter draws upon his experience with the children in the Child Development Preschool at the University of Washington, a preschool for highly gifted children. Many of the case studies of children in the preschool are included in this chapter, with follow-up information concerning their later development.
Robinson, N.M. (1987). The early development of precocity. Gifted Child Quarterly, 31(4), 161-164. This classic article focuses on the etiology of advanced development in the very early years.
Robinson, N. M., & Weiner, L. J. (1991). Selection of candidates for early admission to kindergarten and first grade. In W. T. Southern & E. D. Jones (Eds.), The academic acceleration of gifted children. New York: Teachers College Press. This is a comprehensive chapter filled with useful information for parents, teachers, and administrators considering early entrance to kindergarten or first grade for gifted young children. In addition to a review of the research on early entrance and a strong rationale for its use, Robinson and Weiner provide a very practical chart of appropriate tests and measures to use to assess readiness for early entrance from a variety of perspectives - intellectual, academic, social/emotional, physical, and motoric.
Tolan, S. S. (1992). Parents vs. theorists: Dealing with the exceptionally gifted. Roeper Review, 15(1), 14-18. Although this article does not focus entirely on young gifted children, it does deal with parenting and with early gifted developmental issues. Tolan describes how theorists and parents may see the child very differently, and how parents must deal daily with the child they have, not with the theorists' perspectives.
Tolan, S. (1989). Special problems of young highly gifted children. Understanding Our Gifted, 1(5), 1, 7-10. Tolan delineates some of the unique problems facing highly gifted children in their earliest years.
ListServs and Bulletin Boards Online GTOT-L - This e-mail list is for parents of gifted babies and toddlers; many of the parents who post on this list have extremely gifted children. To subscribe to this list, please send an email message which contains "subscribe gtot-l" (without the quotes) in the body of the message (not in the subject line) to firstname.lastname@example.com.
Instructional Guides and Materials Child Development Preschool, University of Washington, Seattle This 1970s experimental preschool focused on highly, exceptionally, and profoundly gifted children. Although no longer in existence, the reports and materials developed from the project may be useful to those working with preschool highly gifted children today.
ERIC Documents ERIC documents can be accessed in two ways. Many colleges and universities, especially those with teacher training programs, have the entire ERIC holdings on microfiche, which you can read using a special reader at the library.
Robinson, H. B. & others. (1977). Identification and Nurturance of Extraordinarily Precocious Young Children. Annual Report to the Spencer Foundation (Granting Period: September 1976 through August 1977). ERIC NO: ED151095
Robinson, H. B. & others. (1978). Identification and Nurturance of Extraordinarily Precocious Young Children. Annual Report to the Spencer Foundation (Granting Period: September 1977 through August 1978). ERIC NO: ED162756
Roedell, W. C. & Robinson, H. B. (1977). Programming for Intellectually Advanced Preschool Children; A Program Development Guide. Preliminary Draft. ERIC NO: ED151094
Preschool Programs for Highly and Profoundly Gifted Children Preschool Gifted Education Services in Louisiana: The state of Louisiana is the only state that mandates special education for highly and profoundly gifted preschool children. Louisiana sponsors five public preschool programs in urban areas specifically for these students; if preschool children are identified as highly gifted in other areas of Louisiana, individual educational programs are developed. Children must score three standard deviations above the mean on an individual IQ test (approximately IQ 145) to qualify.
Audio and Videotapes Tolan, S. S. (1999). Small Children, Big Questions - Hungry Spirits. Presentation at the May, 1999 conference of the Hollingworth Center for Highly Gifted Children, Manchester, NH. To request an order form by mail, call toll-free: 1-800-353-1830)
Permission Statement
Permission to reprint was granted by the author, Ellen D. Fiedler, Ph.D.
This article is provided as a service of the Davidson Institute for Talent Development, a 501(c)3 nonprofit dedicated to supporting profoundly gifted young people 18 and under. To learn more about the Davidson Institute's programs, please visit www.DavidsonGifted.org.
The appearance of any information in the Davidson Institute's Database does not imply an endorsement by, or any affiliation with, the Davidson Institute. All information presented is for informational purposes only and is solely the opinion of and the responsibility of the author. Although reasonable effort is made to present accurate information, the Davidson Institute makes no guarantees of any kind, including as to accuracy or completeness. Use of such information is at the sole risk of the reader.


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Sunday, June 1, 2008
Gene Puerling
One of the great pleasures of life is enjoying work by someone who really knows what they are doing. Wisconsin born Gene Puerling knew what he was doing when it came to music. His family background was filled with musicians and Gene was organzing groups from his teenage years and never stopped. Vocalist, innovative arranger, founder of The Hi-Lo's, The Singers Unlimited and inspiration to generations of singers and listeners.
The Hi-Lo's were formed in 1953 and recorded many albums including: The Hi-Lo's Listen!, This Time It's Love, The Hi Lo's Happen to Bossa Nova, The Hi Lo's Happen to Folk Songs, Broadway Playbill, Ring Around Rosie (with Rosemary Clooney), Suddenly It's the Hi Lo's, Harmony in Jazz. Original personnel included Gene, Clark Burroughs, Bob Morse and Bob Strassen. Strassen later left the group and was replaced by Don Shelton. Shelton joined Gene, Bonnie Herman and Len Dressler in 1967 for The Singers Unlimited, who could turn songs you thought you didn't like into favourites. Originally jingle singers, they recorded what they liked and the fans followed.
Gene Puerling was nominated 14 times for the Grammy Award and won in 1981 for his arrangement of "A Nightingale Sang in Berkely Square" for The Manhatten Transfer album Mecca for Moderns.
The inestimable YouTube contains several clips of both The Hi-Lo's and The Singers Unlimited reaching and creating new fans every day. Here is a favourite of mine with an introduction by Nat "King" Cole. Enjoy!
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On 1 December 2008, Roger Tan retired as the Bar Council webmaster and in doing so closed a chapter on the beginnings of the Bar Council website. It will now have to continue its majestic flight without its founder. And though I hope that the three IT executives, Kelvin Lee, A Ezane Mansor B Obaid and Lau Chern Loong who have been assigned to take over can measure up to the standard Roger strove to maintain if not raise the bar higher every day, and I don't mean to disrespect in saying this, but I doubt it. For myself, nobody can really ever replace Roger, just as no substitute parent will ever really replace the natural one. And though I am sure that many of us at the Bar want Roger to stay on, the truth is he is tired and needs a break. He, more than most of those at the Bar Council, has not just earned it but deserves it.
Not many outside the Bar would know of Roger. They would if they came to the Bar Council website and paid close attention to the amount of effort and thought that went into each day's offering. Though I cannot claim to know him well enough as I would like to, in our too few dealings with each other I know him to be a faultlessly pleasant, hugely talented, dedicated, intelligent, meticulous and warm man. He is one of those you would always want on your team. In having the foresight, ability and drive to set it up all by himself (for free by the way), to me he will rank as one of the all time Bar Council greats for his invaluable contribution in setting up the Bar Council website.
So enjoy your retirement Roger as Bar Council webmaster, it is most deserved and we will miss you. But thankfully we need not miss him too much since we can take pleasure in his reflections and considerations at his blogs at: Voice of Reason and Roger Tan.
Tags: Bar Council Webmaster, Bar Council Website, Retirement, Roger Tan
Fahri Azzat practices the dark arts of the law. Although he enjoys writing and reading, he doesn't enjoy writing his own little biographies of himself. Like this one. He wished somebody else would do it for him. He has little taste in writing about himself in third person. He feels weird doing it. But the part he finds most tedious is having to pad up the lack of his accomplishments, or share some interesting facts about his rather uneventful life, as if there were some who found that oh-so-interesting; as if he were some famous person, like Michael Jackson. When he writes these biographies, the thought, 'Wei, Jangan Perasaan- ah!' lights up in his head. So he usually just lists what he got involved with, positions he held and blah, blah. But this time. Right here. Right this very moment. Uhuh. This one. This one right here. He's finally telling it like it is.
Posted on 2 December 2008. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0.
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I'm currently running windows 7 on my computer and despite a little experience with programming and building computers, I'm a complete novice when it comes to Linux. Because I don't know how to fix any problems I encounter and don't want to ruin my current system, I want to get my external hd rigged up to boot a couple distros to get a feel for them. I think I almost know how to set it up except for a few hangups:
1. Do I need to create a partition exclusively for GRUB? If I do, does it matter whether it is primary or logical?
2. Once BIOS is set to run from my external, how do I make sure it runs GRUB? Do I need to mess with the MBR, and if so, how would I do that?
Also, if anyone knows of any good sources to use to learn more about multiboot, that would be much appreciated. It seems everything is written for people who already know a lot about grub and linux.
Thanks for the help!


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Browse eprints by Research Funding
Jump to: 1 January 2003 Number of items at this level: 1. 1 January 2003{Project} Sustaining Animal Health and Food Safety in Organic Farming (SAFO). Runs 2003 - 2006. Project Leader(s): Vaarst, Dr. Mette, Danish Institute for Agricultural Sciences (DIAS) / Danish Research Centre for Organic Farming (DARCOF) . This list was generated on Sat Mar 25 01:05:07 2017 CET. |


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Lot 105: Original 1984 Seeds in Space folder by Park Seed Co.
U.S. Space Walk of Fame Museum Charity Space Memorabilia fundraising auction #2
by Space Walk of Fame
October 29, 2016
Titusville, FL, USA
Live AuctionSold
Looking for the realized and estimated price?
Description: Original 1984 Seeds in Space folder by Park Seed Co. with 5 unopened gold packs of flown seeds onboard LDEF (Challenger in 1984 & returned to earth onboard Columbia in 1990) w/complete folder enclosures, but does have some corner damages.
Notes: KH-1


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Buyer's agent duties and loyalties
What should a home buyer expect from a buyer's agent?
- Home buyers should be able to expect loyalty and confidentiality from a buyer's agent.
- The agent should promote your best interests and provide you with all available facts that could influence your decision about making an offer for a home.
- A buyer's agent will offer research materials that help you make a realistic offer.
- A buyer's agent should give you the "what if" scenarios about the clauses in a contract. The agent may recommend additional contract contingencies to protect your interests.
- A buyer's agent should track and handle many of the day-to-day needs required to get to closing (such as inspections, helping you find a lender, tracking the progress of the loan, working with the closing attorney or agent).
Your Contract with the Agent
An exclusive buyer agency agreement normally ties you to one agent. That means in some cases you may owe the agent a commission even if you switch to another agent or agency.
A non exclusive buyer agency lets you have multiple buyer agents without altering standard contracts, but some agents won't work in that capacity.
- The contract should cover a specific time period agreeable to both parties.
- The agreement should be in writing. It should outline the expectations of both the buyer and the real estate agent.
- The agreement can be far-reaching or cover listings only in a specific geographical area.
- The contract should address agent compensation. Buyer's agents are usually paid a portion of the seller's commission at closing, but not always. Ask how agents are paid in your area. What if you buy a for sale by owner property? Will you pay the agent's commission? If not, get it in writing now.
A buyer agency agreement is a binding contract. Be sure you understand every aspect of it before you sign.
When You Contact an Agent
- Verify that the agent can work as a buyer's agent.
- Ask the agent to explain the services you can expect if you make her your buyer's agent.
- Ask for a blank copy of the buyer agency contract and take a day or two to study it. If some aspects of the contract concern you, ask the agent to delete or alter them.
- Find out how dual agency is handled.
- Don't let anyone pressure you into signing an agreement that doesn't feel right.
The Bottom Line
Don't sign a buyer agency agreement until you know the agent is the right one for your needs. Some states allow agents to initially work under an oral buyer agency agreement, but you'll usually need to put it in writing before making an offer.
An alternative is to allow the agent to work as a seller's agent until you feel comfortable signing an agreement. Do not disclose confidential information to a seller's agent.
Hiring a Buyer's Agent
Any real estate agent can sell you a home, but a good buyer's agent can offer advice on every aspect of your purchase, including details about realistic pricing and negotiation strategies.
What Can a Buyer's Agent Do
- Agent's duty is to get the best possible price and terms for the buyer.
- Agent must disclose all material facts about property (bad roof, plumbing problems, etc.)
- Agent should disclose personal facts that indicate sellers will accept a reduced price (such as impending divorce, foreclosure, etc.)
Seller's Agents Have Different Obligations
- Agent's duty is to get the price and sales terms sought by the seller.
- Agent must disclose material facts.
- Agent cannot disclose personal information about sellers without permission.
Benefits of Homeownership |
Home owners provide stability. Owners typically stay in their home 12 years whereas renters stay no more than three years. U.S. Census American Housing Surveys. Home ownership builds confidence. Owners possess significantly higher levels of self-confidence than renters. Rossi and Weber National Survey of Families. Home owners create positive environments for families. Children of home owners are 59% more likely to become homeowners. Their children are also 25% more likely to graduate from high school and 116% more likely to graduate from college. Boehm & Schlottmann, University of Tennessee. Home ownership improves neighborhoods. Owners are 28% more likely to improve their home and 10% more likely to participate in solving local problems. George Galster, "Land Economics" and DiPasquale & Glaeser, Harvard's Joint Center for Housing Studies. Home owners are more involved in civic affairs: including voting in the last election and knowing their elected officials. DiPasquale & Glaeser, Harvard's Joint Center for Housing Studies. Home ownership builds wealth. The median net worth of most modest-income owners is almost $60,000 compared to less than $10,000 for renters in the same income group. The Federal Reserve Board – Survey of Consumer Finance. Home ownership provides tax benefits. The typical home owner that pays a $1,000 house payment will realize tax savings of about $120 each month. |
The table below will help you see how much you'll spend in rent over the next 1, 5, 10, & 15 years. Wouldn't you rather put that money into your own home and build equity in a secure investment? |
If your current rent is: | 1 YR | 5 YRS | 10 YRS | 15 YRS |
$500 | $6,000 | $30,000 | $60,000 | $90,000 |
$600 | $7,200 | $36,000 | $72,000 | $108,000 |
$700 | $8,400 | $42,000 | $84,000 | $126,000 |
$800 | $9,600 | $48,000 | $96,000 | $144,000 |
$900 | $10,800 | $54,000 | $108,000 | $162,000 |
$1,000 | $12,000 | $60,000 | $120,000 | $180,000 |
$1,100 | $13,200 | $66,000 | $132,000 | $198,000 |
$1,200 | $14,400 | $72,000 | $144,000 | $216,000 |
$1,300 | $15,600 | $78,000 | $156,000 | $234,000 |
$1,400 | $16,000 | $84,000 | $168,000 | $252,000 |
$1,500 | $18,000 | $90,000 | $180,000 | $270,000 |


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The Ace Hardware Foundation has worked with HALO for more than 10 years. HALO has always been a great resource for our promotional product needs. Their commitment to quality and timeliness is uncompromising. Our hope is that HALO and their sales team will continue to be a valued partner for the Ace Foundation for years to come.
HALO's solutions are unique. Our Account Executive doesn't just provide us with products, he provides us with concepts that provide a complete solution for every project. Everything runs smoothly and HALO keeps us in the loop from start to finish with no gaps in communication. National Theme Park
HALO's team approach to problem solving was refreshing. Whether it was marketing material or product selection, they seemed to have an expert for anything we needed to make our program a success.
Raynor, Inc.
Custom soccer giveaways cultivate team spirit and help teams and businesses promote themselves. Existing fans, soccer enthusiasts and potential new customers will love a soccer item with your logo on it.
Use basketball giveaways to bring some sporty cheer into your next company promotion this season. Fans will love promotional basketballs that sport your college or high school team name and mascot for their display cases or for pick-up games with friends.


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Lebowski Cake |
Written by Chalupa | |||
Wednesday, 25 June 2008 23:19 | |||
I just read on the Lebowski Fest forums that Ace of Cakes, a Food Network show, is making a special Lebowski cake for the 7th Annual Fest in Louisville. I really wish we were going to be there. Instead, I just emailed them to see if they'd be willing to do an interview with us.


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David Cameron insisted today that he remained hopeful of securing a United Nations Security Council resolution against Syria despite the G8 summit failing to endorse one.
The Prime Minister blamed the willingness of some countries, in contrast with the UK, to give the regime more time to end repression for an apparent weakening of the position.
Moscow was reported to be behind a watering down of the final communique, which promised only that the G8 would "consider further measures".
Earlier drafts explicitly indicated that a UN Security Council resolution could be sought if the regime did not end human rights violations.
Britain, France, Germany and Portugal circulated a draft resolution earlier this week condemning the "systematic violation of human rights" by President Bashar Assad's government.
Speaking as at least eight more protesters were killed under fire from security forces, the Prime Minister said he believed Assad had clearly chosen not to take the path of reform.
"The British Government is very clear: what's happened is unacceptable, the outrages committed by the regime, the amount of people who have been shot on streets, this all adds up to a very serious indictment of that regime," he told a post-summit press conference.
"That is why we have been at the vanguard of pushing for travel bans and asset freezes at the European level and also pushing for a UN Security Council (resolution)."
Asked why the language of the communique appeared to be so weak, he said: "The difficulty is that there is not the same unity in the Arab world as there was over Libya for action and I think there also is a sense from some countries, particularly those who have dealt with Syria for a long time, that there is still a fork in the road where Assad could choose reform rather than repression.
"In my view, he has chosen repression and it is pretty clear that's the case but I think that is why the language is as you say it is.
"Although do not underestimate the fact that the EU has taken action and I think there are prospects for Security Council resolutions as well."
- More about:
- David Cameron
- Security Council
- Syria


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Design lies at the heart of what Arup does – designing structures, objects and systems. Take a flick through the recently released Design Yearbook and find out what we mean. What you will see is that as our work takes shape it often moves beyond being just good design and becomes something greater.
So the question for today is: "When does good design transcend into art?"


text: What is netflix? Netflix is a video-rental company that offers both physical disc rentals and streaming video-on-demand service. The life of a movie and TV aficionado is kind of hard, if you think about it. Say that there's a blockbuster movie that you want to see. Do you go see it in theatres as soon as it comes out? That will cost you a pretty penny. Do you wait until the movie has a physical release, and then buy it? It's still kind of expensive, there's no telling if you'll even watch the movie more than once, and the player (or disc) may stop working or become obsolete. And then there's the case of TV. There are a number of different things that can get between you and your favourite show. The channels in your provider package aren't airing a new episode for another week, or maybe more. Or maybe the show is on a premium channel that you have to pay extra money to subscribe to. Or maybe you don't have enough tapes or space on your digital recorder to save your show and all of the other stuff that you want to watch. Built for a better Netflix experience. Netflix is changing how you experience entertainment in many ways, including helping to advance innovations on the devices you use to watch TV shows and movies. IMAGE PROOF: ACCOUNT DETAIL Hidden Content: **Hidden Content: You must click 'Like' before you can see the hidden data contained here.**


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Good morning everyone! Here is today's Daily Briefing.
In Bethlehem, police said that they made more arrests at Musikfest this year than last year (though only up by four at 81), but said that the new Southside facility campus made the festival more manageable.
In national news, the big story is that Steve Jobs has resigned as CEO of Apple. Tim Cook, the company's former COO, will now take over the reigns of Apple. More than 100 CEOs have signed a pledge not to make any political donations until elected officials break the current "partisan gridlock." A new poll shows that Rick Perry is in the lead in the race for the Republican nomination, becoming the new frontrunner.
We have one Chamber event today: a Summer Tropical Party at Pistachio's bar and grill between The Chamber and the Hispanic Chamber of the Greater Lehigh Valley.
That's it for now! Have a good one, and we'll see you later.
Thursday, August 25, 2011
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Search and Shortlist
Add to shortlist button.
Browsing camping & touring parks within a 5 mile radius of Arrampica Vertical Adventures
Windermere (5 miles, 8 km)
Cumbria Tourism 2016 Holiday Park of the Year award winner, Park Cliffe is set in 25 acres of picture-postcard countryside above the eastern shores of Windermere. Yet family-owned, Park Cliffe is only a short drive from the M6.


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THE WORLD HAS BEEN INVADED BY ALIENS! It's up to a nerdy, lazy high school kid to save it!
3.81 / 5.00 7,702 ViewsLog in to save your medals! Don't have an account? Create one for free!
A call to all our fans! Our latest game has been announced!
Our newest game is called Rogue Legacy, a procedurally-generated Castlevania with an in-depth heritage system. super proud of it, but right now we need your help to get it on Steam.
If enjoyed the games made in the past, it would mean the world to us if you could visit the page below, and give us a vote on Greenlight.
http://steamcommunity.com /sharedfiles/filedetails/
UPDATE 5: We've uploaded a new version of the game that should hopefully resolve any key-rollover issues.
- The numpad keys can now be used to control the player.
- Q or W will drop quantum shadows.
- D or F will perform a tele-jump (you must be on the ground for this to work).
- The error causing lag issues on some computers has been resolved.
UPDATE 4: An official walkthrough for the game is up. If you're having trouble, you can view the video on YouTube at: www. youtube .com/watch?v=fX7YjMyNCTo
Hey all,
This is our second game and we're sad to say that it is NOT DSYP 2.
It's a puzzle platformer game with a twist. It's got a little bit of a learning curve to it, but if you stick with it, we think you'll like it a lot. It's also got a pretty cool ending if you can make it all the way.
Also, if you're ever insanely stuck, we have an optional level skip button that will be enabled if you're stuck on a stage for long enough.
Arrow Keys or Numpad - Move and Jump
W or Q - Drop Quantum Shadow
SPACE - Teleport
F or D - Telejump (game will press jump then teleport automatically for you).
Have fun!
The method of endings
Down right genius! You put in a combination for every one of the endings, even some that were not-so-clear... plus a bonus one I can recall (not listed when you beat a game)
I'll leave it to the others to figure out the unlockables.
Incredible game.
You know? When I started this game, I automatically thought "ripoff."
Test chambers? Portal.
Unknown, mysterious speaker? Portal.
Interesting invention being tested? Portal.
Creepy atmosphere? Portal.
But then I got to the part where the ceiling collapses, and someone else was talking to me. There was a shift of attitude, and then that BAD-A MUSIC STARTED PLAYING!, and then I realized off the bat that I gave this game way too much discredit.
And, really, this has been done before, also. Someone ELSE unknown interfering with the test, but this person is the good guy? The concept's been done before.
But the music--that's what did it for me. When this story concept is being done, the main character is always struggling to survive the test, and the attitude is always morbid. But, man, when that music started playing. Instead, this game turned into a journey. You had hope--you could do this!
But enough about that, how about actually playing the game?
The gameplay is also brilliant. It's an action puzzle game, I'd like to call it, because in many of the rooms you need to have a certain skill level, but you also have to find out HOW to beat it in the first place. Each room provides fresh, new challenges that don't just over-complicate past test chambers.
And I really liked the feature of letting you skip the room. I REALLY wanted to find out what happened, but I was just completely stumped on the last room. Eager to find the ending, I skipped it. Great way to avoid frustrating players.
Anyways, this game is just great. Everything you incorporated in it--music, dialog, gameplay, visuals--added to the game to create a fresh and original story and rewarding and enjoyable gameplay.
Cool game, I got all medals <3
I love the chicken, the castle crasher should have a sword. Other then that the medals are kinda lame, because their just to make people repeat what they did, 5 times. Still great game.


text: The Sitka Gear Fanatic Vest offers the same unique diagonal zipper design as the jacket. Both pieces allow for a built-in hand muff for extra warmth and convenience. Wear this camo hunting vest as a complimentary insulation piece or as a versatile outer layer during mild days duck, goose or deer hunting in the treestand or field. Technology: 60 g/m2PrimaLoft Sport Insulation DWR Finish Windstopper Technology Sitka Gear Optifade Fanatic Vest Features:


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Sweet Wallpaper 240x320 enjoy, sweet,
Sweet Wallpaper was added in 25 Oct 2011. 209 users has viewed and downloaded this wallpaper. Approximately 9,4 mb bandwith was consumed. You can download Sweet Wallpaper for free. All you need to do is help us grow by sharing this wallpaper if you like it :)
Desktop users: right click on the image and choose "save image as" or "set as desktop background". iPad/iPhone users: tap and hold in 2-seconds on the image then choose "save image"


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We added the under cabinet outlets and lights after we got granite countertops, and then tiled the ... read more
Manufacturer: Nuvo
Finish: Nickel
Width: 15.5
Height: 8.5
Depth: 8.5
Weight: NA
Socket: A19
Category: Carriage
Item Number: 60-997
This Two Light Wall Lantern has a Bronze Finish and is part of the Charter Collection.
*Free ground shipping on all U.S. orders. No sales tax except on orders to Missouri
eCommerce Design by Solid Cactus.


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No, he didn't read the blog or anything.
Norm just made a point today regarding a theory that he said he came up with.
The theory? The Dallas Mavericks are the Sacramento Kings of the early 2000's.
Big had the same discussion with me last week. I have the text messages to prove it.
Thief! Vandal! Monkey-hipped vagabond!
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God gave us emotions to experience life, not destroy it!
Lysa admits that she, like most women, has experiences where others bump into her happy and she comes emotionally unglued. We stuff, we explode, or react somewhere in between.
What do we do with these raw emotions? Is it really possible to make emotions work for us instead of against us?
Yes, and in her usual inspiring and practical way, Lysa will show you how. Filled with gut- honest personal examples and biblical teaching, Unglued will equip you to:
- Know with confidence how to resolve conflict in your important relationships.
- Find peace in your most difficult relationships as you learn to be honest but kind when offended.
- Identify what type of reactor you are and how to significantly improve your communication.
- Respond with no regrets by managing your tendencies to stuff, explode or react somewhere in between.
- Gain a deep sense of calm by responding to situations out of your control without acting out of control.
If auditions were held to replace Oprah, Lysa TerKeurst, with a distinctly Christian inflection would make the short list."
— Publishers Weekly
— Publishers Weekly
This is one brave and bold book that's as vulnerable as it is practical. No one knows His Word, His women and His way quite like Lysa TerKeurst. And once I started reading, I couldn't stop."
— Ann Voskamp, New York Times Bestselling Author of
One Thousand Gifts
— Ann Voskamp, New York Times Bestselling Author of
One Thousand Gifts


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Top Definition
a highly mobile, agile and shifty ass fupa with extremely sharp claws.they are most commonly found in areas which contain a large concentration of yuppie middle age women with fupas that happen to work out alot.
beware. these fupa's are crafty.
beware. these fupa's are crafty.
i was walking home yesterday and I fuckin got chased by a velocofupa....it crept up outta the high grass
by Elwood Lane
November 21, 2007
The Urban Dictionary Mug
One side has the word, one side has the definition. Microwave and dishwasher safe. Lotsa space for your liquids.
Buy the mugThe Urban Dictionary T-Shirt
Smooth, soft, slim fit American Apparel shirt. Custom printed. 100% fine jersey cotton, except for heather grey (90% cotton).
Buy the t-shirt


text:
Times are tough. Many Americans are living paycheck to paycheck. If anything unexpected happens that requires you to have cash available before your next paycheck, then getting a payday loan may be your preferred choice. Many do not want to turn to their families. For them asking for money from a relative, is equivalent to declaring defeat.
Mind you, this is not the type of loan I would recommend to anyone, but sometimes we are just out of options. MyCashNow requires you to have steady employment with deposits of at least $1000 per month. How could you get into a situation of needing fast cash? Here is a fairly common scenario. Imagine you were sharing an apartment and for some reason, you no longer want to remain in that arrangement. Perhaps you broke up with your boyfriend, or your best friend turned out to be an insufferable roommate. In order to rent another apartment, you will need a down payment.
Payday loans are meant to be short-term loans. The fees charged equate to outrageous annual percentage rates, upwards of 400%, but you may just have to go for it. If you have exhausted your credit cards, and family and friends have already lent you all the money they can afford to, this will get you into that apartment quickly. So what do you need in order to qualify?
– Steady employment
– At least $1000 per month in deposits
– A checking account that has been open for at least 90 days
– You must be at least 18 years old.
– You must not have any outstanding payday loans.
You will need to provide a telephone number so your employment status can be verified. Your deposits will also be verified. The good thing is, if you are approved before 7 p.m. Eastern Standard Time you can find the money in your account the next day. Service is definitely fast. They also have customer service representatives available around the clock and they do not require you to fax them any documents which can be a real hassle.
The fees are listed right on their website. The minimum amount of time you will be charged for is 14 days. It comes out to about 20% for those 14 days. This is certainly not money you want to borrow for some sale purchase. It is not worth it. If you are a new customer, they offer a 50% discount on your first loan. At that point, if you need a $500 deposit for that apartment, getting a new place to live may be worth $50, assuming your next paycheck will cover it within 14 days.
The repayment of the loan and the fees due will be withdrawn automatically from your account on the due date. Make sure you have the money by then. They do offer extensions, but from a financial point of view a loan with that kind of interest rate is not supportable for a long period of time. Especially if you weren't a first time customer. If you have a minimum wage full-time job, which barely gets you to the minimum monthly deposit requirement, you would have to surrender your entire pay for a week to get a $200 advance. Do you really want to take on a $500 loan that will take over half a month to pay off? Remember, that $50 fee is charged every two weeks. There is a place and time for these loans, but do not make it a habit.


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Just Announced: Former Formatter's New Band Fun Coming to Tempe
The Format's breakup left a huge hole in the local music scene last year. Just when the duo seemed poised to put Phoenix on the map when they split up, but hopefully Nate Ruess's New York-based band Fun can alleviate some of that pain. They've booked a Valley show with Manchester Orchestra, Audreye Sessions, & Winston Audio for Sunday, May 24 at The Clubhouse Music Venue in Tempe. What else was announced this week? Click the jump for full listings including Def Leppard, The Fray and Mastodon
Oh, and we posted a live video of Fun here last month.
Ian Anderson: Tuesday, Nov. 3, 7:30 p.m., $45-$65. Dodge Theatre, 400 W. Washington St., Phoenix, 602-379-2800.
Def Leppard: With Poison, & Cheap Trick., Saturday, Aug. 29, 8 p.m., $35.50-$131. Cricket Wireless Pavilion, 2121 N. 83rd Ave., Phoenix, 602-254-7200.
Upcoming Events
Duke Dumont
TicketsSun., Apr. 2, 11:00am
Charles Lewis Legacy Quintet
TicketsWed., Apr. 5, 7:30pm
Bring Me the Horizon
TicketsFri., Apr. 7, 7:00pm
Recycled Percussion
TicketsSat., Apr. 8, 7:30pm
Classic Albums Live - Ziggy Stardust
TicketsSun., Apr. 9, 7:00pm
Extra Golden: Monday, May 18, 8 p.m., $10. Rhythm Room, 1019 E. Indian School Rd., Phoenix, 602-265-4842.
The Fray: With Jacks Mannequin, & Meese., Tuesday, July 14, 7:30 p.m., $43.50. Dodge Theatre, 400 W. Washington St., Phoenix, 602-379-2800.
Fun: With Manchester Orchestra, Audreye Sessions, & Winston Audio., Sunday, May 24, 7 p.m., $11-$13. The Clubhouse Music Venue, 1320 E. Broadway Rd., Tempe, 480-968-3238.
Mary Mary: Saturday, April 25, 8 p.m., $30-$45. Celebrity Theatre, 440 N. 32nd St., Phoenix, 602-267-1600.
Mastodon: With Kylesa, & Intronaut., Thursday, April 16, 6:30 p.m., $20-$23. Martini Ranch & Shaker Room, 7295 E. Stetson Dr., Scottsdale, 480-970-0500.
Telepathe: Wednesday, June 17, 8:30 p.m., $8-$10. Modified Arts, 407 E. Roosevelt St., Phoenix, 602-462-5516.
UB40: Sunday, April 26, 8 p.m., $45-$75. Celebrity Theatre, 440 N. 32nd St., Phoenix, 602-267-1600.
The Who Show: Saturday, July 25, 7 p.m., $12. Marquee Theatre, 730 N. Mill Ave., Tempe, 480-829-0607.
In Case You Missed It
Upcoming Events
I See Stars
TicketsWed., Mar. 29, 6:30pm
TicketsFri., Mar. 31, 7:30pm
Americana: Timeless Songs From the '60s & '70s
TicketsFri., Mar. 31, 7:30pm
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Why Use Medical ID Jewelry?
Your medical history and health situation is unique to you. Should you find yourself in need of medical intervention and require special types of care, a medical ID will communicate those needs. If the first responders do not have that information, Continue reading
Health Tip: Common Symptoms of Autism
Autism is a complicated topic that is at the heart of much debate and confusion. Regardless of this, it is undeniable that the earlier it is diagnosed, the better. Here are some common symptoms of autism Continue reading
Never Stop Believing . . . An Autism Parent Chronicles his Teenage Son's Success through Exercise
Videoing his son participating in Cross Fit began as a way to fill the time for Mark Behrman—but it has become a beautiful chronicle of growth and success in the company of autism. It demonstrates that autism and exercise go together and produce benefits. Behrman also wanted to be able to show his son, Ivan, the progress he was making while also letting others know that the program is adaptive.
After noticing that one side of Ivan's body wasn't as strong as the other, Behrman knew it was time to Continue reading
Keeping it Together When Your Child is Chronically Ill
Blog: Keeping it Together When Your Child is Chronically Ill
When your child is diagnosed with a chronic illness like diabetes, asthma or cystic fibrosis for example, your world is suddenly like the inside of a snow globe... everything is moving in a flurry of activity and constant change. But eventually, when the fear and panic subside and your child's condition is more or less under control, you as a parent are left with the task of guiding your family's return to "normal" life. Continue reading
10 Useful Autism Apps
Technology has come a long way in helping and advancing autistic children. Here are 10 popular PC and tablet apps that can help develop essential social and communication skills.
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Raider Athletics: Locations
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZU-High
The baseball field is accesses from Gourrier Drive just past the golf course. It's on the right.
S. Stadium Dr. Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 |
UNO Arena Pool


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Thanksgiving Day Four-Course Dinner
This event occurred in the past.
Avondale | Website
Map | Find Parking
Guests can choose from a variety of appetizers, entrees and desserts at this holiday feast, which features choices such as butternut squash soup, roasted turkey breast with sausage stuffing, braised lamb and a chocolate fountain. Seating times are 1:30 p.m., 3:30 p.m., 4:45 p.m., 6:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m.


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Cowboy Brand 3-Pack Wood Chips, 3 PC (Pack of 12)
Cowboy Brand
sku: 754087513273
$ 67.13
Individual Cups: 3 cups, 9 cu in (147 ml) each; Total Net Contents: 27 cu in (441 ml). Hickory; Mesquite; Apple. 100% natural. Authentic wood smoke flavors in single-use cups for your barbecue. Smokin' cup. Hickory: A bold & hearty flavor for your beef, pork & poultry. Mesquite: A robust & Southwest flavor for your beef, seafood & poultry. Apple: A sweet & smokey flavor for your pork, seafood & poultry. www.cowboycharcoal.com. Made in USA.


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Subject: | My theory is that someone wrote Darlene in script with that kind of script r that looks more like an i without a dot. Then Social Security read it, and voila! Dailene. n/t |
Author: | Andrea (guest, 126.96.36.199) |
Date: | March 6, 2002 at 10:27:03 PM |
Reply to: | Re: Nobody knows what my name means!! by Nanaea |
My theory and what it is too.
Because this message is archived you cannot respond to it. |
Messages in this thread: |


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When satellite dishes first came around they were HUGE! Like the size of a small car HUGE! People who lived in remote areas finally could get more than the local TV station and bought those first satellite dishes. Stan and I waited for the smaller dishes to come out because cable TV did not run lines to our remote farm house. The first one we bought cost us $2500! That was just the reciever and single box. Stan did the installation. He literally stood on the roof and held it different directions until we got the signal and I hollered up to him that he got it. It was struck by lightening the next year and our insurance company replaced it and this time it only cost $800! Of course, today, you just have installation costs and monthly subscription. Man, what a change!
But some people are still stuck with those huge old satellite dishes. I found a couple of ideas on the Internet that should help someone recycle the old satellite dishes. Pretty clever reuse of satellite dishes.
Here it's the roof of a small round garden shed.
Here it's a chicken coop or duck hut. It's too short to clean out and get the eggs though.
If you have kids, they would love this!
Makes a nice roof for a garden gazebo!
A pond or fountain!
And a deer stand.
I thought I would share bits and pieces of my life. I am a lifelong Christian. I have been married for over 39 years to Stan. No children. We have 3 Italian Greyhounds named Persephone, Dresden and Capodimonte and a calico cat named Binky. We have 9 nieces/nephews and 7 grandnieces/nephews whom we love. My hobbies are genealogy, reading, digital scrapbooking, history, dogs, homemaking.
Saturday, November 19, 2011
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text: Nathan Phillips is a musician and recordist living in Nashville, TN. The most recent collection of his music is Postcard, a 9 song, 12" lp released in 2009. It includes a postcard on each record cover with a hand stamped text, flipped and sanded cardboard covers and a poster. You can purchase the vinyl by clicking the website link below.


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Tea party tees off on McConnell
WASHINGTON — The tea party is teeing off on Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell.
McConnell's challenger in the GOP primary in Kentucky, Matt Bevin, is seizing on the senator's vote to move ahead on legislation to increase the nation's debt limit. Bevin is describing the vote as giving a blank check to President Barack Obama.
The tea party-backed businessman and conservative groups are signaling that they won't let Senate Republican incumbents forget Wednesday's vote this election year. Texas Sen. Ted…


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Allen Brunet, A.E.;
Neoliberal restructuring at work in the urban South: the production and re-production of scarcity and vulnerability
in the Argentine fisheries sector.
Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
1344166_FINAL_THESIS_for_electronic_dissemination.pdf Download (8MB) |
Following the adoption of the sweeping neoliberal reforms adopted in the last quarter of the 20th century, within a few years the Argentine fisheries sector shifted from a relatively stable accumulation process – organised around a Fordist structure of production, domestic capital, waged labour and an 'under-exploited' resource base – to a situation of over-fishing, internationalisation of capital and flexible production based on the precarisation of the labour force. While this and similar processes elsewhere have been examined from either an ecological or socio-economic perspective, scholarly studies exploring the socio-environmental articulation and impact of regulation systems emerging from the neoliberal restructuring of production in the urban global south are still rare. Articulating the perspectives of political ecology and regulation theory, this thesis examines: (a) the driving logic and contradictions of industrial production unfolding in the shift from a Fordist regime to a regime of flexible accumulation in an urban peripheral economy in the global context; and (b) the way in which such shift reshaped the ability of the state, firms and citizen workers to deal with increased scarcity, vulnerability and conflictivity. The central hypothesis of this study is that neoliberal restructuring operates through a dispositif of socio-environmental regulation based on an exclusionary system of social reproduction, labour exploitation and nature expropriation, a dispositif that normalises capitalist accumulation through the production and re-production of differential sustainability. However, such dispositif is not static but subjected to a socio-spatial dialectical process that might have the capacity to subvert the way in which nature and labour are disciplined under the hegemonic neoliberal rationality. By focusing on the Argentinean fisheries sector in Mar del Plata city (historically, the 'national' epicentre of the activity), the thesis seeks to understand how urban-based struggles confront a regulation crisis at multiple scales (e.g. from the workplace to the sea).
Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
Title: | Neoliberal restructuring at work in the urban South: the production and re-production of scarcity and vulnerability in the Argentine fisheries sector |
Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
Language: | English |
Additional information: | Copyright restricted material has been removed from the e-thesis |
UCL classification: | UCL > School of BEAMS > Faculty of the Built Environment > Development Planning Unit |
URI: | http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1344166 |
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Which converse should i wear with black skinny jeans? What do you think?
1) http://media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com/73...20ae71b3fe.jpg
2) http://media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/73...6467868188.jpg
3) http://media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com/73...d3e97bbe11.jpg
Which converse should i wear with black skinny jeans? What do you think?
1) http://media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com/73...20ae71b3fe.jpg
2) http://media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/73...6467868188.jpg
3) http://media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com/73...d3e97bbe11.jpg
What sort of shoes should I wear with this suit?
Also I am contemplating wearing it to a wedding in October. Do you think that would be appropriate? It's a country wedding in Ireland.
Opinons on tie and pocket square options also appreciated. I was thinking of picking out the red in the check. Maybe burgundy knitted tie or similar?
Liking that a lot... A country wedding, with that fabric, in autumn...got to be oxblood brogues no? Not that brogues are very formal, so might not suit for a wedding, but if you're wearing that suit, I'm guessing you can get away with something less strictly formal. That would also look cool with burgundy knit tie, without looking too matchy.
Yep, that's a good call. The closest I have is a pair oh Grenson Fred brogue boots in 'honey' which might be a bit chunky for a wedding. I', thinking something like Loake Royal's or similar longwing brogue might be good? Though as you say, not strictly wedding attire.
Evening Chaps,
I need some advice on what colour shirt to wear with the following garment:
Penguin Munsingwear > Original Penguin Raglan Crew Neck Jumper Red > Original Penguin Jumpers Penguin Munsingwear Designer clothes @ Mainline Menswear Stockists Of All Penguin Mens Designer Clothing Online UK
Thanks in advance!
There aren't many colours that wouldn't go with that. Burgundy is a versatile colour so you have lots of options. Would work well with navy, white, grey etc. It would clash with other lighter colours such as yellow however. Must make the point I don't like the branding on it.
Yeah, you can get a very decent knit for £70 without that penguin.
100% Lambswool, though, and a nice top. Did you buy it already?
I've got a bit of burgundy and it goes well with black jeans and darker washes. But in summer I could wear light chinos with the same top. Also got some burgundy chinos and I even paired those with a bright yellow kitted polo so it really does go with anything.
Last edited by ChesterPerry; 04-09-2014 at 06:54 PM.
Hi, I am new to forum and need some help with pocket squares! I am going to a wedding reception on Saturday night and I will be wearing a grey 3 piece suit with a red and blue tartan shirt. I am not planning on wearing a tie but instead fastening all the buttons on the shirt as it has a button down collar. I am unsure what colour/pattern of pocket square to wear as I wont have a tie on. Thanks in advance


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Art Print
Collect your choice of gallery quality Giclée, or fine art prints custom trimmed by hand in a variety of sizes with a white border for framing.
I can feel a new beginning, a beginning in me therefore in you. When i grow you grow thats why i decide that ill only win if you win with me. This simple 2 leaf mandala reflects simplicity and the majestic power of it. How life emerge, how I emerge and flourish, how I get you here by me flourishing. Thanks to all, to the universe. For this opportunity and dont let me forget that theres no mistake just perfection on creation.


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Porn Star Tonisha Mills started out in the business with the lean, small-breasted look of the high school bad girl. Her slightly hooked nose and long dirty blonde hair gave her a nasty, sex-hungry look that turned many a head. And Tonisha Mills' raw, exuberant, joyous sexual performances sealed the deal for hardcore fans. She began a rapid rise to porn stardom -- helping the process along with massive breast enhancement and a nose job.
Born in California in 1971, Tonisha Mills stands 5'3' and packs a 34DD-25-34 figure into her compact frame. With the help of surgery and exercise, Tonisha Mills sculpted and honed her body into an exquisite erotic treat. Her look became more sophisticated and mature, which helped her make the jump to starring roles. In 1992, just as Tonisha Mills was reaching the pinnacle of porno stardom, she left the business to have her first child. She gave birth to a bouncing baby girl on May 7, 1994 and stayed out of hardcore for another three years. The allure of the porno scene proved too much for Tonisha Mills to resist, though, and she jumped back into the ring in 1997. Tonisha Mills pumped her chest up even further and blazed her way through a crop of stunning features like 'Wild Wild Chest 3' and 'Sodomania 21.' Tonisha Mills continues to favor porno audiences with her busty charms whenever she has a break from her exotic dance schedule. Tonisha Mills now has a carnal catalog of over 80 steamy features, which showcase her naturalistic and totally convincing erotic performances.
DVD Movies Starring Tonisha Mills:
Buttwoman 97 (2000) DVD $12.94 RVW TRL
Candy Stripers 4 (1990) DVD $19.94 RVW
Ejacula (1993) DVD $12.94
Halloweenie (2008) DVD $18.94
Ladies Lovin' Ladies 2 (2005) DVD $19.94
Lethal Squirt (1990) DVD $19.94
Married With Hormones 2 (2008) DVD $19.94
Mouth Watering Melons (2008) DVD $12.94
Sexvision (1992) DVD $8.94 FREE TRL
Tit to Tit Collection 2 (2006) DVD $19.94
Birthdate: November 19, 1971
Age: 45
Astrology: Scorpio
Birth Location: Washington, USA
Measurements: 34DD-25-34
Height: 5 feet, 3 inches (160 cm)
Weight: 118 lbs (54 kg)
Hair Color: Blond
Ethnicity: Caucasian
Tattoos: small tattoo outside right calf
Known Alias: Tonisha Mill, Tonisha


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"The Montreal arson squad is investigating whether a military-grade accelerant was used in the firebombing that consumed the luxury home of ex-Israeli intelligence officer Ari Ben-Menashe on Sunday night."Montreal home of self-described Israeli spy 'gutted' in alleged firebombing" - pictures and more background. I like how the World's Worst Newspaper describes him as a 'self-described' Israeli spy.
Late Wednesday afternoon, police investigators digging through the scorched rubble took samples from what was left of the downstairs rug and sofa where the incendiary device was believed to have landed, touching off the blaze that spread rapidly forcing Ben-Menashe and a woman in the house to flee.
Police also are believed to have identified a suspect seen running away after the fire began, but the police had not yet found the individual. Several houses in the upscale neighborhood are equipped with security cameras, which may have recorded video of the attack.
The woman in Ben-Menashe's house, who asked not to be identified for reasons of security, told me she attempted to extinguish the fire with water but to no avail. As it continued to spread, she escaped through the front door. Ben-Menashe said he made his escape through a rear entrance.
Police are reportedly hoping the detailed samples of the accelerant may help them determine who was behind the attack. The arson squad's initial assessment is said to be that the flammable agent was beyond the sort of accelerant used by common criminals."
Liberals' second budget gets failing grade
March 23, 2017
Politics in Canada
Liberals' second budget gets failing grade
The federal government, says David Macdonald, "took the 2016 budget out and
1 hour ago


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Access JSTOR through your library or other institution:
Journal Article
Decision-Making on the Use of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Dental Procedures: A Survey of Infectious Disease Consultants and Review
Peter B. Lockhart, Michael T. Brennan, Philip C. Fox, H. James Norton, Daniel B. Jernigan, Larry J. Strausbaugh and The Infectious Diseases Society of America Emerging Infections Network
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Vol. 34, No. 12 (Jun. 15, 2002), pp. 1621-1626
Published by: Oxford University Press
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4483172
Page Count: 6
You can always find the topics here!
Topics: Dental treatments, Bacteremia, Endocarditis, Antimicrobials, Antibiotics, Infectious diseases, Recommendations, Infections, Disease risk, Medical practice
Were these topics helpful?
See something inaccurate? Let us know!
Select the topics that are inaccurate.
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There is debate concerning use of antibiotic prophylaxis before invasive dental procedures for patients at risk of acquiring distant site infection (DSI). We determined the opinions and practices of infectious disease consultants (IDCs) regarding antimicrobial prophylaxis to prevent DSIs that result from invasive dental procedures by conducting a survey of the 797 members of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Emerging Infections Network (477 members [60%] responded). Ninety percent of respondents closely follow the American Heart Association guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis for patients with valvular heart disease who undergo invasive dental procedures. In contrast, few IDCs recommend prophylaxis for patients with lupus erythematosus, poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, dialysis catheters or shunts, cardiac pacemakers, or ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Twenty-five percent to forty percent of respondents recommended prophylaxis for prosthetic vascular grafts, orthopedic implants, or chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. We conclude that IDCs differ considerably in their assessment of the need for prophylaxis for patients who have noncardiac risk factors for DSI. These differences underscore the need for definitive studies to delineate appropriate candidates for antimicrobial prophylaxis in dental practice.
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Clinical Infectious Diseases © 2002 Oxford University Press


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Perfect colors for the holidays!
these are beautiful! I love the rings and I have a thing for triangles : )
The rings look so good together like that :)!
really pretty pieces!
thank you for your comments!if you have any questions please email me via the 'contact' link.Jennifer
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Fresh, ripe figs are full of flavor and as tender as the day is long, and thus require very little gussying up. Try these ten quick and easy "recipes"—some sweet for dessert and some savory for appetizers—to make the most of fresh figs.
Bacon-Wrapped Figs
Wrap each fig with a piece of bacon (I like to use a slice of bacon halved lengthwise and wrap it around the fig in a spiral - pancetta works nicely here too as long as it is very thinly sliced). Place figs on a baking sheets and broil, turning as needed, until bacon is crisped and browned. Serve hot.
Want more of a recipe? See Bacon-Wrapped Figs.
Blue Cheese-Stuffed Figs
Make a slit in the side of each fig. Stuff a bit of your favorite blue cheese into the fig - I find softer, creamier blues like gorgonzola dolce work best. Serve as-is, or brush figs with canola or vegetable oil and set in a hot pan or on a hot grill, turning once, cooking until the figs are hot and cheese is melted, about 8 minutes total.
Specifics can be found at Blue Cheese-Stuffed Figs.
Broiled Figs
Lay halved figs on a baking sheet. Brush with a bit of canola or vegetable oil or melted butter. Broil until the fig tops bubble and start to brown on the edges. Serve with sweet or savory dishes. For a super-simple dessert, drizzle figs with honey before broiling and serve with marscapone, creme fraiche, or ice cream.
More directions are at Broiled Figs.
Fig & Pancetta Salad
Add chopped figs and chopped, cooked pancetta or bacon to a simple tossed green salad. A balsamic vinegar dressing is a good match, as you can see in this recipe for Fig Arugula Salad.
Continue to 5 of 10 below. -
Figs in Syrup
Make a spiced sugar syrup using 1 part sugar to 2 parts water; add a cinnamon stick, orange zest, a vanilla bean, whole cloves, star anise, or cardamom - even black peppercorns can work here. Bring to a boil to dissolve all the sugar. Reduce heat to maintain a steady simmer. Add whole or halved figs and cook about 5 minutes. Remove figs, let the syrup cool, and return figs to syrup (if you'd like the figs to breakdown a bit and become one with the syrup, leave them in while the mixture cools). Serve in their own, but these figs are amazing with ice cream. They'll keep for several weeks in the fridge.
See a full recipe for Figs In Syrup here.
Fig Coulis
In a blender or food processor, whirl figs with a splash of balsamic or sherry vinegar and enough olive oil to make the puree pourable. Add salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste. Heat gently and serve with pork, chicken, duck, or turkey. You can leave it fairly thick and use more as a spread.
For a full recipe see Fig Coulis.
Fig Crostini
Finely chop figs and toss with a drizzle of balsamic vinegar and salt to taste. Let the figs sit while you cut baguette slices and toast them. Top the toasts with the fig mixture and a grind or two of freshly ground black pepper. You can spread a bit of fresh goat cheese on the toasts first, if you like, or crumble some blue cheese on top if that sounds tasty.
See the recipe for Fig Crostini here.
Honey-Fried Figs
Halve figs lengthwise. Melt a tablespoon or two each of butter and honey in a small frying pan and put the figs, cut-side down, in the pan. Cook until everything is bubbling and the figs start to brown a bit. As they cook, spoon the melted butter and honey over the top of the figs once or twice. Remove the figs from the pan and serve with cream, whipped cream, yogurt, or ice cream on the side, if you like.
For variations and a complete recipe, see Honey-Fried Figs.
Continue to 9 of 10 below. -
Figs With Marscapone
Halve or quarter figs lengthwise and serve with small dollops of marscapone, crème fraîche, Greek yogurt, or sour cream on top or to the side. A chiffonade of mint or bit of lemon zest is a nice touch.
A full recipe an be found at Figs With Marscapone.
Figs With Parmesan & Balsamic
Cut figs in half or into wedges. Set on a plate with shavings of Parmesan cheese and drizzle with high-quality balsamic vinegar or fruit vinegar. A few twists of freshly ground black pepper are nice, too.


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Jewish World Review Dec. 10, 2008 / 13 Kislev 5769 Modern times By Paul Greenberg
http://www.JewishWorldReview.com |
It might have been a vision of the future borrowed from "Modern Times," Charlie Chaplin's classic protest against the industrial age. Made in 1936, the almost silent movie still speaks powerfully. Whether as comedy or tragedy. Every weekday JewishWorldReview.com publishes what many in the media and Washington consider "must-reading". Sign up for the daily JWR update. It's free. Just click here. JWR contributor Paul Greenberg, editorial page editor of the Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, has won the Pulitzer Prize for editorial writing. Send your comments by clicking here. © 2006 Tribune Media Services, Inc. |
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